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'■*8m 


AY,    1919 


Price  25  Cents 


\i: 


apan's  Place  in  the  Family  of  Nations 


Tjackling  World  Job  With  Wrong  Tools 


y 


^    Regeneration    of    Mexico 
Centenary    of    Singapore 
**?.  ^Paths   to   Follow   in   Orient 


«/  *\* 


0' 


William    Rutledge    McGarry,   David    Starr    Jordan,    Thomas    Fox, 
James  King  Steele,  Douglas  Erskine,  J.  B.  Powell,  Philip  R.  Kennedy 


A  MAGAZINES  INTERNATIONAL   COMMERCE 


COMPANY 


NC 


"KEEP  YOUR  PRODUCT  ON  WHEELS" 


This  Trade  Mark  Stands  for  the  Best 


Electric    Industrial    Trucks,    Trailers,    Concrete    Ma- 
chinery, Wheelbarrows,   Gas   Engines,    Hoists, 
Lumber  Trucks,  Store  and  Factory  Trucks, 
Hand  Carts,  Wheels,  Casters,  Etc. 

WE  ARE   MANUFACTURERS 


Two  Factories 
Seven  Branches 


San  Francisco 
U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "Quolansing 
San  Francisco 


giiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiihiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'iiiiiihiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniHiii iinHiiiiiuiinnniilwiniH iiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiKiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuuiiiniiiiinniiiiii i iiiiiiiiniiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiimiiiiiiiiiimnmniiiigi 

PURNELL  &  PAGET 

|  ARCHITECTS  | 

AND 

|  CIVIL  ENGINEERS  | 

CHAS.    S.    PAGET,    A.S.M.   A.M.  S.  C.E. 


Investigations—Inspections 
Reports  and  Valuations 
Design  and  Supervision  of  Construction 
for  Industrial    Plants  and  Buildings 
Power  Plants 
Difficult  Foundations 


Bridges  and  Steel  Structures 

Wharf  and  Dock  Construction 

River  and  Harbor  Works 

Investigation  and  Development  of  Min- 
ing Properties 


ESTABLISHED  IN  CHINA  16  YEARS 

f    Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
OFFICES     <^     Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,   China 
j  (    American  National  Bank  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telegraphic  Address  "PANEL"  Western  Union  Code,  A. B.C.  5th  Edition 

?MWm """"i"'"1"" '«»' i > "i rnrnmrn mmm mm nm mum minimi 1*4 mm i ■ — iiliii Mm mm mmmmmm mm i ma m i nwnn iwu 


M  a ■  y  ,     1  9  1  9  241 


Java-China-Japan  Lijn 


BETWEEN 


San  Francisco 


AND 


Netherlands  East  Indies 


DIRECT 


REGULAR       _  W^  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 

CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco 


242 


Pan     Pacific] 


D 

D 
D 

Dj  B mi iniiiiiiiuiiiiiiii ill i i iiiiii 11 i i ii minimi imiiiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiii mm imiimiiiniiii n mil mi iimmiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiuiuiiiiiiiiuuu iiiiiimimii mil amy 


WE  GLADLY  EXTEND  OUR  FACILITIES 

TO 

EXPORTERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  FOREIGN  BUYERS 


CORRESPONDENTS 
IN  ALL  PARTS  OF  THE  WORLD 


Atlantic  National  Bank 


257  BROADWAY 


New  York  City,  U.  S.  A 


WE  SPECIALIZE  IN  ACCEPTANCES 
AND  FOREIGN  BILLS 


fESHSBS?SHSHSESHSHSHSHSHSE5H5E5ESSSE5H5H5HSasaSl 


TRADE  ACCEPTANCES         BANK  ACCEPTANCES 
FOREIGN  DOMESTIC 

CREDITS  ESTABLISHED 


May,-   19  19 


243 


Foreign  Accounts 

TF  you  are  to  receive  the  most 
benefit  from  your  dealings 
with  foreign  ports  you  must 
have  an  efficient,  careful  bank- 
ing connection — one  that  spe- 
cializes in  this  branch  of  the 
business. 

Our  Foreign  exchange  depart- 
ment fulfills  this  requirement 
and  every  other  essential  for 
safe,  sound  and  prompt  busi- 
ness dealings. 

The  Merchants  National  Bank 

of  San  Francisco 
California 


Dependable  Service 


HP  HE  annals  of  the  Wells 
Fargo  Nevada  National 
Bank  of  San  Francisco,  a  merger 
of  the  Wells  Fargo  &  Co's 
Bank  and  the  Nevada  National 
Bank,  is  the  history  of  banking 
in  California. 

Since  1852  this  institution  has 
maintained  its  position  of  help- 
ful co-operation  in  commercial 
activities  across  the  Pacific. 


Wells  Fargo  Nevada 
National  Bank 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO 
Capital  and  Surplus  over  $11,000,000 


FOREIGN  BUYERS 


Who  Establish  Commercial  Credits 


The  First  National  Bank 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Are  Immediately  Placed  in  a  Most 
Favorable  Position 


IN  THE 


AMERICAN  MARKETS 


CORRESPONDENCE  IN  ALL  LANGUACES 


The  Crocker  National  Bank 

Of  San  Francisco 

Capital $  2,000,000.00 

Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits....     4,062,838.63 

Deposits  November  1,  1918 30,490,412.03 

Through  our 
FOREIGN  DEPARTMENT 

we  have  established  banking  connections  in  every 
important  city  throughout  the  world,  and  are  pre- 
pared to  afford  our  Correspondents  the  benefit  of 
these  facilities  for  the  Collection  of  Drafts,  the 
Financing  of  Foreign  Purchases,  the  Payment  of 
Debts  abroad  and  such  other  business  as  may  be 
within  the  lines  of  legitimate  banking. 

TRANSFER  OF  FUNDS 

We  effect  Transfer  of  Moneys  by  mail  or  by  cable 

to  all  foreign  countries  and  issue  Checks  and  Time  . 

Drafts  on  the  Principal  Cities  of  the  World. 

FOREIGN  MONEYS 

We  buy  and  sell  Foreign  Gold  and  Silver  Coins, 
Bank  Notes,  Gold  and  Silver  Bullion. 

EXCHANGE  AND  DISCOUNTS 

We  buy  or  collect  Checks  and  Bills  of  Exchange 

drawn    at    sight    or    usance    on    Foreign    Banking 

Centers  throughout  the  world. 

WM,    H.    CROCKER 

President 

W.    GREGG,    Jr. 

Vice    Pres.    &    Cashier 
JOHN     CLAUSEN 
Vice    President 
B.     D.     DEAN 

Asst.    Cashier 
n.     .1.     MITRPHY 
Asst.    Cashier 
F\    G.    WILLIS 
Asst.    Cashier 


J. AS.   J.    PAGAN 

Vice   President 
J.    It.    McCARGAR 
Vice    President 
G.     W.     EB.VER 

Asst.    Cashier 
J.    M.     MASTEN 

Asst.    Cashier 


7iiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiii!!iiiiiiiiiiiini»i unMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiciiMiuuiiiiraiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiii iimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiioiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuuiniiiiiiiiiiiiiin,,,- 


244  Pan     Pacific 


JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc. 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

HARDWARE 

Direct  From  Factory  to  Dealer  or  Consumer 

We  Are  Direct   Factory  Agents  For 

"Russwin"  Builders  Hardware 
General  Hardware  Household  Goods 

Parlor  Door  Hangers  Paints  Stoves  —  Ranges 

Barn  Door  Hangers  Tinware 

Roofing  and  Building  Paper  Oils  Aluminum  and  Enamelware 

Tackle  Blocks  and  Pulleys  Varnishes  Bathroom  Fixtures 

Paint  and  Wire  Brushes  Electric  and  Gas  Appliances 

Cordage  and  Chain  Chinaware  and  Glassware 

TOOLS 

We  carry  a  Complete  Line  of 
Wrenches  -  Files  -  Mechanics,  Machinists  and  Automobile  Tools,  Drills  and 

Edged    Tools 


Manufacturers  of 


Special  Steel  Tools  —  Fire  Door  Hardware  —  Crowbars  —  Chisels 
Punches  —  Ripping   Bars 

Sporting  Goods 

Arms  and  Ammunition  —  Cutlery  —  Baseball  —  Tennis  and  Golf  Accessories 

We  also  handle  the  Celebrated  Lines  of 

EDWIN     M.   KNOWLES    CHINA    COMPANY 

FOSTORIA   GLASS    COMPANY 

BUFFALO  POTTERY  (Hotel  China) 

Foreign    Orders    Promptly   and    Carefully    Executed 

When  ordering  any  of  the  above  articles  or  asking  for  catalogs  be  sure  to  give  full  particulars 

CORRESPONDENCE  IN  ALL  LANGUAGES 
Will  act  as  purchasing  agent  on  a  brokerage  basis  for  responsible  houses 

—  Address  — 

JOOST   BROTHERS,  Inc. 

1053  Market  Street  San  Francisco,  CaL,  U.  S.  A. 


May,     19  19 


245 


Clyde  Equipment 
Company 


PORTLAND 


SEATTLE 


Machinery  and   Supply 
Merchants 


542  First  Avenue  South 


Seattle,  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


Cableaddress 

Llewellyn 

Los  Angeles 


V 


mi inn Liiiiiiiiiiliiii'!iii:ii;raik 

!IIIIIIIIIIIIII!III!I!!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIIIIII':H 


Code  Used 

ABC  1 

5th  Edition      = 


LOS  ANGELE.S.CAL. 

IRON  WORKS 


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Immediate  Delivery 
From  Stock 


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LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


00 

O 

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z 

^* 

0 

* 

= 

o 

b 

?H 

> 

< 

w 

X 

^ar<;o 


Chain 


Engines 

Boilers 

X 

r  A  N  K  s 

0 

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z 

•cfi 

NH 

ta       1 

H 

C/5 

<« 

U 

1 

»,,'■ 

- 

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x 

Iron 
Bolts 
Chain 
Axes 


Steel 
Nuts 
Waste 
Saws 


Belting       Pulleys 
Logging  Tools 


I Illllllllllllllll 


ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

INGOTS,  BILLETS,  BARS,  SHAPES 

STRUCTURAL  STEEL  FABRICATORS 


|  [  Mill  and  Mine  Supply  Co. 


Cable  Address  "Milesmine" 


Seattle,   U.  S.  A. 


--fliiiiiiimimi: iiiiiiiiiiiiiii mi n.i 


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246 


Cable  Address:  "DILL" 


Watch  for  this  Trade-Mark 


Steel  Products 
Acids 
Caustic  Soda 


EXPORTERS  OF 
Chemicals 
Hematine 
Soda  Ash 


Rosin 


Turpentine 


and  Raw  Materials  for  All  Industries 

IMPORTERS  OF 
Fish  Oil  Cocoanut  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil  Rape  Seed  Oil 

Hides  Beans 

Coffee  Copra 

Rattans  Etc. 


Dye  Stuff 

Barytes 

Phenol 


Castor  Oil 
Tallow 
Peanuts 
Silks 


Pan     Pacific 

'Piiiiiiimiii imuiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiilllliliiiiiiiiinn iiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiniiiiiiiii iiinu mmk 

1  SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  I 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

|    Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A   I 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 

!    SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco"    \ 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "  Kelley" 

TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


DILL  CROSETT,  Inc. 


235  Pine  Street 

Branch  Offices 
128  William  Street  New  York 

328  Sannomiya'Cho,  I  Chome    Kobe  Japan 
Union  Bank  Chambers         Sydney,  Australia 


San  Francisco    I 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile   Machinery 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


^iiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiraiuiioiiM  .'iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM  iiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiie 

l_jBwiiiiiwiiiiiiii«iiiiiilwiMi«MMiiiii>iiiwiiiiiiiiii«i<iiiiiiiWM«iiiiMiiiiiiiiiwiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiitiiii»iiiinmiinTiiM|[iiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiwinnnniiiniMiiiiinmiiiinniiiiiniiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiii  ii n  u n n n  iiiiiiirni mi .: nm inmnimiys 


Cal-pa-co  Paints  and  Varnishes 


r=gl  PAINTS  re- 
ceived Five  First  Awards  at  the 
Panama  Pacific  International  Ex- 
position, 1915. 


WRITE  FOR  COLOR  CARDS,  CATA- 
LOGUE AND  PAINT  LITERATURE 


ENGLISH  or  SPANISH  EDITION 


g§  PAINTS  are  manu- 
factured by  Modern  Methods  in  a 
Modern  Factory. 


OUR    PLANT   IS    EXTENSIVE, 
OUR  WORKMEN  ARE  EFFICIENT 


WE   SPECIALIZE   IN    EXPORT   PACKING,   AND 
EXPORT  PAINT  REQUIREMENTS 


Everything    Reliable    in    Paints    and    Varnishes 


»» 


CALIFORNIA  PAINT  COMPANY 

Export  Department  "A" 

OAKLAND,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


Manufacturers  since  1865 


Cable  Address  "CALPACO 


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247 


May,     1  '.)  1  '.) 

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Planting  the 
Flag  of  the 
Admiral   Line 
in  the  Orient 


L.  DINKELSPIEL  COMPANY 

INCORPORATED 

115-135    Battery    Street 
SAN  FRANCISCO,   CAL. 

WHOLESALE    DEALERS 


r 


DRY   GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


Cotton  Piece  Goods  —  Linens  — 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress  Goods  —  Cotton  and  Wool 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    ; 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels  and  Flannelettes  —  Ticks    ! 

—  Prints  —  Etc. 

Mens',    Ladies',    and   Childrens' 
Hosiery  —  Underwear 
Shirts  —  Sweaters 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

112  Market  St.,  San  Francisco  8  Bridge  St.,  New  York 

Manila,       Hong  Kong,       Vladivostok,       Shanghai,       Singapore,       Kobe,      Yokohama 

EiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiniiiiii:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;iiimiiimm 

^^ariiitiirririiti  [irrrri[rriiriiiiiiiit)ttit[iririiiiiiii]i]iiiirriiiii!iiiiiiii<jriri-iiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiitTfttits!ii:iiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiriiLijijjiriitrtri[iiiiiiiiiiiitj<iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiititcMiiiiiiniiiiiiit3iiii>^ 


matiamo         j  \    Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries 

I    NOTIONS  and  )    Thread„ 

FANCY  GOODS       j    Notiongs  of  a]1  descrlptions 

BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

I     Complete  stocks  carried.  Correspondence  all  languages     ! 

Cable  Address  "LIPSEKNID." 

mm i mini miiiiiniiiiiiiiiimnniiii imiiiiiimn mi nun in iiiii nnnmiin iminiii in n u i mil J 

^mnmimnmininunnnnnnmmHunnniniuiiuiiimnmmmiunnnmmmun 


|  National  Products  Company  |   |  INGRIM-RUTLEDGE    Co.  | 


San  Francisco,  519  California  Street 

IMPORTERS  FOOD  EXPORTERS 

Orders  Promptly   Filled 
Liberal  Terms  Accorded 

Correspondence  conducted  in  Every  Language 

WE 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


IMPORT— All  edibles 
Beans,  Rice,  Teas, 
Coffee,  Tapioca,  Pep- 
per, Spices,  Salad 
Dressings,  etc. 


EXPORT-A11  food  Pro- 
ducts— Wheat,  Barley, 
Flour,  Salmon,  Tuna, 
Sardines,  Dried 
Fruit,  Canned 
Goods  —  direct  from 
plant  to  dealer. 


PRINTERS 
|   STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper  Plate  and  Steel  Die  Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Will    Grant    Exclusive    Agencies 

Cable  Address  "NAPRO" 

Correspondence  Invited 

ADDRESS  


|    Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment 

Office   Furniture 
Loose  Leaf  Systems 


National  Products  Company 

San  Francisco 


I  COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


| 

PWMI ii mi i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiniimiimiiiiiimmiuiiiiiiiiiiiii u n , iinumimiunniimmmiiinnmiuiiiimnniinmmimnnmimmiiiiiP       inummiuimuun imiiiinunnnmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iimuunnuimiunnmimi mil nnimmiiniimm umimimnmmimiuuimiiiimi iiiii I 


248 


Pan     Pacific 


aiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiii ilium niiiiiii iiiiui ii iiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiii u iiiniiiiiiii iiiiimiiiiiiiijg 


NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA  j  1  Skinner  &  Eddy  Corporation  | 


(JAPAN  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.; 
Capital,  Yen  $100,000,000  Head  Office,  Tokyo 


RECORD 

BUILDERS 


Fleet  99— Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE 

Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports,  Shang- 
hai and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for  All 
Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia. 

Greatly  Improved    Fast  Service  of   Large,  High-Powered    Modern 

Twin  and  Triple  Screw  Steamships  with  Unequaled 

Passenger  Accommodations. 

DISPLACEMENT: 

S.  S.  Suns  .Mil ru  ....SMKiO  K'iin  S.  S.  Katort  Mum  10,200  ton* 
S.  S.  Fusblml  Marn.21,1120  tons  S.  S.  Atsuta  Mnrn  18,000  l mi* 
S.  S.  Kashima  Maru.,19,200  tonx  S.  S.  Kamo  Maru...  16,000  tons 
For  further  information,  rates,  tickets,  berth  reservation, 
etc.,  apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United 
States  and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  & 
Son,  Messrs.  Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.. 
and  other  tourist  agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 


OF 


Steel  Cargo 
STEAMSHIPS 


NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


U.  S.  A. 


|     Cable  Address,  "Connell' 


All  Codes 


Connell  Bros. 
Company 


GENERAL  IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


HOME  OFFICE 
L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICE 
485  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


A.  0.  Andersen  &  Co. 

( California) 

SHIPOWNERS 
AGENTS 

BROKERS 

Importers  and  Exporters 

Direct  cable  connections  between  San  Fran- 
cisco and  Scandinavia,  covering  all  Pacific 
Coast  shipping  business. 

IMPORT  AND  EXPORT 
DEPARTMENT 

Direct  connections  in  Japan,  China,  Philippines, 
Straits  Settlement-,  East  Indies  and  India, 
covering  all  commodities  produced  in  these 
countries,  and  handling  American  raw  and 
manufactured  products. 


OFFICES  ALSO  AT 
Shanghai  Manila  Hong  Kong 


nngapore 


OFFICES : 

ew  York 

Portland,  Ore. 

Seattle 

Copenhagen 

Christiania 

Elsinore 

Correspondence  Solicited 


I   242  California  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Phone  Sutter  1426 


;illllllllill!lllllllllll»llllllll!]|llllllll!lllllllllll!!lllllllllllll!IIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIM  allllllUIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIWIIIIIIIIIIII 


lil!!!l!lll»!!llllllll!H!ni!lllll!llliniN!»!lljj!«!!lll!lll!IDII!lll[^ 


4-(£?<goT 


May,     19  19 


249 


iiiiHiimmmiiiiimt 


PAN     PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF   INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie Editor 

Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry 

Consulting   Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  and 
STAFF  CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.    E.    Aughinbaugh,    M.D.;    B.S.;    L.L.D 

New  York 

Juiji    G.    Kasai,    A.M Japan 

Valabdhas    Runchordas India 

George    Mellen Honolulu 

Thomas    Fox Straits    Settlement 

W.     H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch Mexico 

Vincent   Collovich Chile   and   Peru 

L.    Carroll Seattle 

P.    J.    Menzies Los    Angeles 

Chao-Hsin    Chu,    B.C.S.,    M.A China 

H.     M.     Dias Ceylon 


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Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

New  Era  Dawns  For  Mexico David  Starr  Jordan..  Page  251 

Why  Exporters'  Agents  Should  Be  Protected F.  A.  Reyes.  Page  253 

Plan  Rail  Program  To  Aid  China J.  B.  Powell..  Page  254 

Port  of  Singapore,  Hundred  Years  Old Thomas  Fox..  Page  256 

Japan's  Place  In  Family  of  Nations William  Rutledge  McGarry..  Page  258 

Tackling  Foreign  Trade  With  the  Wrong  Tools John  H.  Gerrie..  Page  260 

Old  Ports  and  New Walter  Scott  Meriwether..  Page  262 

Export  Merchant,  Instigator  of  Trade Douglas  Erskine..  Page  266 

Removing  the  Risk  from  Buying J.  H.  Gosliner..  Page  268 

Paths  to  Follow  In  Oriental  Trade James  King   Steele..  Page  272 

Pan  Pacific  Directory  Page  273 

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1/  (I   IJ  ,      19  1   9 


251 


a    magazine    o, 
international  commerce 


■H^^^U 


New  Era  Dawns   for  Mexico  and   the   Mexicans 

HUGE     HALF-OCCUPIED     FEUDAL     ESTATES    MUST    SOON 
BE    TURNED    OVER    TO    GROUPS    OF    SMALL    FARMERS 


THE  day  of  great  estates  and 
mighty  concessions,  for  natives 
as  well  as  for  foreigners,  is  over.  Men 
of  culture  must  lend  a  hand  to  build 
up  the  state.  They  must  take  their 
part  in  the  new  free  schools  spring- 
ing up  everywhere  as  the  war  spirit 
subsides,  even  as  fresh  grass  follows 
a  prairie  fire.  They  must  meet  tax- 
ation  in  the  interest  of  the  com- 
mon good;  for  the  huge  half-occu- 
pied feudal  estates  must  necessarily 
be  turned  over  to  groups  of  small 
farmers. 

They  must  be  content  to  see  pass 
the  regime  of  Porfirio  Diaz,  with  its 
semblance  of  order,  resting  on  force, 
affection,  chicane  and  the  interwoven 
interests  of  foreign  capitalists.  They 
must  find  their  place  in  the  coming 
republic, — crude,  unsteady,  pleasure- 
loving,  bloody  at  times,  but  having 


By  DAVID  STARR  JORDAN 

President  Leland   Stanford  University, 
California. 


within  itself  the  germs  of  real  de- 
mocracy 

Is  there  hope  in  military  interven- 
tion ?  No,  a  thousand  times  no !  We 
would  not,  we  could  not  restore  the 
medieval  past,  with  its  reckless  con- 
cessions to  foreigners,  its  arbitrary 
control  at  home,  its  persistent  main- 
tenance of  ignorance,  poverty,  super- 
stition and  disease.  Intervention  has 
a  very  different  meaning  to  different 
people.  To  Don  Luis,  as  to  many, — 
not  all — of  the  foreign  concession- 
aires, intervention  means  simply  the 
last  chance.  To  the  exploiters,  native 
and  foreign,  and  especially  to  the 
noisy  swarm  of  agents  along  the 
Rio  Grande,  intervention  means  easy 


money.  To  the  devoted  friends  of 
civilization  i  n  Mexico,  —  those  o  n 
whom  its  future  must  depend — inter- 
vention means  conquest,  annexation, 
the  loss  of  national  existence,  with 
a  legacy  of  undying  hate. 

Revolution  is  the  historic  means 
by  which  the  serf  in  Europe  has 
gained  h  i  s  freedom.  The  present 
conditions  in  Mexico  are  a  survival 
of  the  medieval  system  of  Old  Spain. 
In  the  first  revolution,  the  Mexicans 
freed  themselves  politically  but  not 
socially.  By  freedom,  we  mean  the 
right  to  make  the  most  of  one's  body 
and  brain,  and  to  direct  the  process 
himself.  For  the  differences  between 
the  "cientifico"  and  the  peon,  between 
educated  and  illiterate  in  Mexico  as 
in  medieval  Europe,  are  not  a  mat- 
ter of  blood  and  brains.  They  are 
largely  questions  of  "nurture"  rather 
than  nature.    When  equality  of  op- 


TYPICAL,    SCENE    ON    VAST    ESTATES    IN    MEXICO 


252 


Pan     Pacific 


THE  BEST   INTERVENTION  IS  TO   MAKE   FRIENDS 


portunity  comes  to  be,  present  diffi- 
culties will  largely  disappear. 

Revolution  i  s  never  a  pleasant 
thing.  It  is  unjust,  indiscriminating. 
We  have  been  taught  to  look  on  its 
excesses  with  horror,  —  while  the 
vastly  more  terrible  incidents  of  war 
— of  any  kind  of  war — are  invested 
in  our  minds  with  a  sort  of  dignity. 
This  is  a  part  of  the  age-long  super- 
stition which  justifies  killing  when 
performed  on  a  large  scale  with  the 
sanction  of  the  state  and  the  blessing 
of  the  church. 

One  may  not  like  the  methods  of 
the  revolution,  and  can  imagine  much 
better  ways  of  reaching  desired  re- 
sults. But  armed  intervention  is  not 
a  good  way.  To  bring  security  and 
order  does  not  demand  more  killing, 
nor  the  restoration  by  force  of  for- 
mer conditions.  It  is  not  for  us  to 
hand  back  to  Don  Luis  his  lost 
hacienda.  Neither  is  it  our  duty  to 
restore  to  the  religious  orders,  either 
"Charitable"  or  "Contemplative"  the 
lands  and  privileges  forfeited  to  the 
state  under  Benito  Juarez's  "Law  of 
Reform." 

The  clericos  as  well  as  the  cienti- 
ficos  must  take  their  chances  in  the 
revolt  for  which  their  new  blindness 
is  largely  responsible.  We  cannot  as- 
sume that  the  sweeping  concessions 
held  in  New  York  and  London,  se- 
cured from  Porfirio  Diaz  in  his 
senile  days,  and  virtually  covering 
all  that  was  left  of  national  prop- 
erty, are  valid  titles  to  be  sealed 
with  the  blood  of  our  young  men. 

Revolution  By  Force 
Never  Law  Abiding. 

The  American  public  in  general  re- 
gards as  all  of  one  piece,  the  revo- 
lution against  the  unbearable  con- 
ditions, the  anarchy  which  the  revo- 
lution brought  on  (and  which  it  has 
thus  far  failed  to  subdue),  and  the 
ignorance,  poverty  and  injustice  for 
which  the  revolution  sought  a  rem- 
edy Revolution  by  force  is  never 
law-abiding.  In  its  appeal  to  higher 
law  it  lifts  the  lid  from  society. 
Whenever  traditional  or  conventional 
restraints  are  dissolved,  injustice  and 
robbery  are  likely  to  find  place.  But 
once  under  way,  it  must  go  forward. 
No  backward  movement  by  whomso- 
ever led  or  supported  could  endure. 

For  this  reason  the  administration 
of  General  Huerta,  avowedly  reaction- 
ary and  virtually  supported  by  British 
oil  interests,  was  not  and  could  not 
be  properly  recognized  by  the  United 
States.  It  gave  no  promise  of  per- 
manence or  peace.  The  era  of  Por- 
firio   Diaz    has    gone    forever.    The 


nation  could  no  more  return  to  it 
than  France  to  the  regime  of  No- 
poleon  III. 

The  Mexican  people  will  find  peace 
only  by  deserving  it,  and  to  this  end 
military  force,  their  own  or  any  other, 
can  contribute  very  little.  Bandit 
violence,  however  mischievous,  is  a 
feature  of  transition.  It  is  not  the 
revolution  itself,  but  a  temporary, 
though  hideous,  excrescence  upon  it. 


HERE  IS  THE  IDEAL 

FOR  WHICH  WE  STRIVE 

Our  fathers  fought  with  Washington 
With  Lincoln  our  sons  died, 

BtU  at  the  birth  of  freedom 
All  arms  were  laid  aside. 

In  other  lands  men  fought  for  power 

And  some  for  kingly  state; 
America  thine  aim  endure 

To  make  the  people  great. 

For  thee  no  foreign  conquest 

No  fratricidal  strife 
No  anarch,  no  oppressor, 

Strikes  at  the  nation's  life. 

Be  thine,  0  star  of  destiny, 
Child  of  great  nature's  plan 

To  show  the  fatherhood  of  God, 
The  brotherhood  of  man. 


A  great  wound  heals  from  within: 
Mexico  will  be  saved  by  the  leaders 
in  the  individual  states.  One  of  my 
Mexican  friends  complains  with  reas- 
on that  our  northern  newspapers  give 
more  space  to  a  chance  hold-up  below 
the  line  than  to  the  building  of  a 
thousand  free  schools.  He  observes, 
"The  American  people  naturally  de- 
sire that  the  Mexican  social  recon- 
struction shall  complete  itself  rapid- 
ly. But  it  should  not  escape  their 
comprehension  that  the  solution  of 
the  complicated  problems  of  Mexico 
cannot  be  attained  through  simple 
desire,  nor  from  the  outside.    The 

Under  date  of  March  17,  in  a  letter 
to  Mr.  Lazaro  Basch,  Commercial  Agent 
of  the  Secretary  of  Industry,  Commerce 
and  Labor,  of  Mexico,  accepting  an  in- 
vitation to  visit  the  Mexican  Products 
Exhibition  which  is  under  Mr.  Basch's 
direction,  Dr.  David  Starr  Jordan  took 
occasion  to  give  his  views  regarding 
Mexico. 

phenomena  manifested  in  Mexico  are 
in  obedience  to  social  laws  whose  ac- 
tion cannot  be  hurried." 

In  international  law,  the  remedy 
for  unfair  treatment  lies  in  channels 
of  diplomacy  and  arbitration.  Dur- 
ing  revolution   these   channels   may 


for  a  time  be  closed.  In  awaiting 
their  reopening,  let  us  err  on  the  side 
of  patience. 

The  best  intervention  is  the  inter- 
vention of  making  friends.  This  will 
not  be  easy,  for  the  Mexican  people 
do  not  like  our  ideals  of  personal  and 
industrial  efficiency.  Their  contact 
with  the  "Colosseo  del  Norte"  along 
the  border  of  the  Rio  Grande  has  not 
been  reassuring  to  them  nor  credit- 
able to  us.  They  have  found  our  ex- 
ploiters contemptuous  and  grasping, 
our  journalists  contemptuous  and 
careless.  Even  our  kindness  and  tol- 
erance, always  with  a  touch  of  con- 
descension, is  resented  as  our  domi- 
nation is  feared.  With  the  best  of 
intentions  we  must  move  slowly  and 
tactfully.  The  people  of  the  United 
States  have  the  worst  manners  and 
the  best  hearts  of  any  of  the  great 
nations-  Forms  mean  little  to  us; 
we  are  impatient  with  ceremony;  we 
want  to  get  at  the  pith  of  things,  and 
instantly. 

Manner    t  o    Them 
Is   of   Importance 

But  there  are  others  to  whom  man- 
ner is  quite  as  important  as  matter. 
They  are  cut  to  the  core  when  their 
rights  or  their  self-esteem  seem  be- 
littled. If  ever  an  official  does  waive 
a  point  in  the  interest  of  concilation, 
he  is  likely  to  lose  caste  and  influence 
with  his  associates.  Traditions  like 
these,  a  heritage  from  the  Spanish 
hidalgo,  we  must  learn  to  respect 
when  dealing  with  Latin  America. 

The  Mexican  people  are  in  sore 
need  of  land  reform,  financial  sta- 
bility, education  and  sanitation. 
Land  reform  they  will  secure  for 
themselves.  Already  great  tracts 
have  been  bought  by  individual  states 
— notably  Yucatan  and  in  small  hold- 
ings are  sold  to  peons  who  must  work 
them  or  forfeit  their  titles.  Finan- 
cial stability  will  come  when  the 
holders  of  concessions,  native  and 
foreign,  can  be  induced  to  pay  taxes. 
For  no  region  on  earth  of  its  size  is 
potentially  richer  than  Mexico.  In 
the  matter  of  education,  Mexico  needs 
our  help  and  will  soon  receive  it  in 
large  measure- 

The  sanitation  of  Mexico,  its  sal- 
vation from  three  most  widespread 
infectious  diseases,  typhus,  small- 
pox and  typhoid  fever,  has  long  been 
an  aim  of  American  medical  research. 

Meanwhile,  let  the  rest  of  us  for- 
tunate citizens  of  a  more  advanced 
republic,  be  patient,  tolerant  and  sym- 
pathetic, and  above  all  let  us  not  be 
hasty  to  join  in  the  cry  for  conquest, 
either  as  a  painful  duty  or  as  a  golden 
opportunity. 


May,     19  19 


253 


Photo    by    International    Film    Service 

PHILIPPINE  TRADE  COMMISSION  to  the  UNITED  STATES 

Members  of  the  Philippine  mission  who  arrived  in  San  Francisco  March  23        * 
en  route  to  Washington  on  a  mission  to  enlighten  the  United  States  as  to 
the  commercial  and  agricultural  value  of  the  islands.     The  party  consists 
of  officials  and  representatives  active  in  trade  promotion  for  the  Philippines. 


WHY  EXPORTER'S  AGENTS 

.-.  v  SHOULD  BE  PKOTECTED 


I  By  F.  A.  REYES 

Acting  Director  of  the  Bureau  of  Com 
merce  and   Industry   in   Manila. 
t 


ROM  time  to  time  United  States 
Chambers  of  Commerce  and  the 


business  people  of  the  United  States 
generally  are  advocating  the  exten- 
sion of  United  States  commerce,  and 
to  this  end  occasionally  suggestions 
have  been  invited.  The  facts  and 
points  herein  set  forth  are  made  in 
no  spirit  of  carping  criticism,  but 
with  a  view  to  emphasizing  in  a  small 
way  some  of  the  things  which  under- 
mine commercial  development. 

A  few  months  ago  a  large  whole- 
sale and  retail  corporation  doing  busi- 


ness in  Manila,  Philippine  Islands, 
and  in  other  parts  of  the  Far  East, 
the  Pink  Corporation,  received  and  ac- 
cepted an  exclusive  agency  for  the 
goods  of  the  Brown  house  in  the 
United  States.  Subsequently,  in  an 
anticipation  o  f  local  wants,  Pink 
placed  a  considerable  order  for  goods 
with  Brown. 

Before  Pink  received  the  goods 
ordered  there  arrived  in  Manila,  en 
route  to  other  points  of  the  Far  East, 
a  man,  Green,  who  claimed  to  be  and 
apparently  was  a  special  representa- 
tive of  Brown's.  The  reader  will 
recognize  that  the  names  are  neces- 
sarily fictitious- 
Green  called  on  Pink,  and  the  man- 
ager of  the  latter  concern,  in  the  se- 


The  appended  letter  received  by 
James  J.  Rafferty,  Director  of  the 
Bureau  of  Commerce  and  Industry 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,  in  Washing- 
ton, presents  a  side  of  trade  abuse, 
which  is  detrimental  to  the  foreign 
trade  of  this  country. 

curity  of  his  exclusive  agency  with 
absolute  confidence  in  Green  as  spe- 
cial representative  of  the  United 
States  concern,  and  perhaps  in  the 
spirit  of  letting  the  special  repres- 
sentative  know  all  local  prospects  for 
business,  upon  inquiry,  casually  men- 
tioned the  names  of  some  of  his  pros- 
pective local  customers. 

Forthwith  Mr.  Green  proceeded  to 
"hurry  the  East"  and  to  take  orders 
of  Pink's  customers  regardless  of  the 
fact  that  the  Pink  Corporation  must 
necessarily  depend  for  the  sale  of  the 
goods  already  ordered  by  him  upon 
the  very  customers  Green  proceeded 
(Continued  on  next  page) 


254 


Pan     Pacific 


PLAN  RAIL  PROGRAM  TO  AID  CHINA 


HOW  A  DIFFICULT  PROBLEM  MAY  BE  SOLVED 
WITHOUT  INJURING  CONFLICTING  INTERESTS 


THE  general  plan  for  the  solution 
of  the  problem  presented  by  the 
conflicting  interests  of  the  great 
powers  in  China  that  the  American 
government  is  expected  to  propose  is 
roughly  as  follows: 

1.  The  creation  of  a  central  rail- 
way board  of  the  Chinese  ministry 
of  communications,  composed  of  five 
members,  one  from  each  of  the  fol- 
lowing countries:  China,  Great  Brit- 
ian,  America,  France,  and  Japan ;  the 
Chinese  member  to  be  appointed  by 
the  ministry  of  communications,  and 
the  four  foreign  members  shall  be 
appointed  by  the  Chinese  government 
upon  the  nomination  by  members  of 
the  Consortium  bank  group,  their 
salaries  and  expenses  to  be  paid  by 
the  Chinese  government. 

2.  Department  chiefs  shall  be 
chosen  from  foreigners  or  Chinese  on 
a  basis  of  merit  only.  The  aim  shall 
be  to  train  Chinese  for  administra- 
tive positions  as  rapidly  as  possible. 

3.  The  railways  shall  be  considered 
as  one  system,  but  for  administra- 
tive purposes  shall  be  subdivided  into 
zones  or  districts  as  appears  most  con- 
venient for  operation  and  adminis- 
tration. District  and  divisional  offi- 
cers shall  be  selected  from  foreigners 
and  Chinese,  preference  being  given 
to  Chinese  to  the  extent  that  quali- 
fied men  are  available. 

The  board  sljall  have  full  mana- 
gerial authority  over  the  railways  in 
operation  and  the  construction  of  all 
new    railways    financed    b  y    foreign 


By  J.  B.  POWELL 

Special  Investigator  for  the 
Chicago   Tribune. 

loans  subject  to  an  accounting  to  the 
ministry  of  communications.  All 
foreign  loans  shall  be  made  on 
Chinese  government  account  through 
the  Consortium  banks. 

The  nationals  of  each  nation  in  the 
Consortium  shall  be  at  liberty  to  sub- 
scribe to  the  loans  up  to  but  not  in 
excess  of  25  per  cent  of  any  particu- 
lar loan.  Provided  that  in  case  any 
nation  fails  or  can  take  only  a  portion 
of  its  quota,  the  balance  may  be  se- 
cured in  the  most  favorable  money 
market.  No  bonds  shall  be  issued  for 
a  period  exceeding  fifty  years. 

The  board  shall  refund  all  outstand- 
ing foreign  loans  so  that  the  identity 
of  foreign  influence  in  any  particular 
line  may  be  eliminated.  Any  claims 
for  losses  that  might  result  to  invest- 
ors by  reason  of  such  loss  of  identity 
with  a  particular  line  shall  be  adjudi- 
cated and  compensated  fully. 

Board  to  Have  Power 
To  Purchase  Concessions. 

The  board  shall  purchase  on  the  acr 
count  of  the  Chinese  government  at 
an  agreed  appraised  fair  value  all  for- 
eign concession  railways  and  any 
other  railways  now  built  in  Chinese 
territory,  which  it  may  seem  expedi- 
ent to  acquire,  by  paying  for  them 
out  of  the  proceeds  of  the  sales  of 
Chinese  government  railway  bonds. 


The  security  for  railway  bonds 
shall  b  e  t  h  e  consolidated  national 
railway  properties  and  the  Chinese 
government  general  credit-  No  bonds 
for  new  construction  shall  be  issued 
without  the  approval  of  the  Chinese 
government.  Net  profits  shall  be 
considered  as  being  the  balance  of 
earnings  for  consolidated  lines  over 
and  above  all  capital,  operating,  main- 
tenance, depreciation,  previous  losses, 
and  other  proper  charges. 

The  Consortium  bank  group  shall 
be  entitled  to  receive  not  in  excess  of 
one-sixth  of  the  net  profits.  Of  the 
remaining  four-fifths  the  Chinese  gov- 
ernment shall  be  entitled  to  one-half 
and  the  other  half  shall  be  placed  at 
the  disposal  of  the  board  for  better- 
ments, extensions,  etc.  The  Chinese 
government's  share  of  the  surplus 
shall  be  released  automatically. 

The  board  shall  proceed  as  rapidly 
as  practicable  with  the  necessary  pre- 
liminary surveys  to  be  used  in  the 
preparation  of  a  comprehensive  plan 
for  railway  and  port  development  in 
China. 

The  construction  of  new  railway 
lines,  terminals,  and  harbor  works 
shall  be  let  upon  the  most  favorable 
terms  obtainable  without  reference  to 
nationality  or  bidder.  Materials  and 
equipment  shall  be  purchased  without 
reference  to  nationality  on  the  most 
favorable  terms  obtainable,  except 
that  Chinese  products  shall  be  favored 
and  encouraged  as  far  as  is  practi- 
cable. Neither  the  board  nor  the 
Consortium  bank  group  shall  be  en-  j 


THE  FAMOUS  CASE  OF  PINK,  BROWN  AND  GKEEN 


(Continued  from  preceding  page) 

to  deal  with,  the  field  for  the  particu- 
lar line  being  more  or  less  limited. 

One  local  purchaser,  desiring  the 
goods  but  having  knowledge  of  the 
local  representation  of  the  United 
States  concern,  in  fact  having  had 
some  preliminary  negotiations  with 
Pink  for  the  placing  of  an  order, 
made  inquiry  as  to  the  relations  of 
Green  to  Pink  and  vice  versa  and 
their  respective  relations  to  the 
United  States  concern,  the  placing  of 
the  order,  commissions,  etc.  The  up- 
shot of  the  whole  affair  was  that  the 
customer,  despite  his  desire  to  pur- 
chase the  goods  offered,  refused  to 
place  the  order  except  through  the 
local  agency.  Green  precipitately 
grabbed  his  hat  and  left. 

At  this  time  the  final  reckoning  has 


not  been  had.  Undoubtedly,  Brown 
upon  learning  of  the  facts,  will  credit 
Pink  with  their  commission  on  the 
orders  taken  of  their  customers,  al- 
though the  orders  were  taken  by 
Green.  Undoubtedly  a  mistaken  ar- 
rangement was  responsible  for  the 
entry  of  Green  in  the  field  of  which 
Pink  held  the  exclusive  agency. 

The  moral  o  f  this  incident  for 
United  States  manufacturers  and  ex- 
porters is  evident,  even  as  applicable 
to  the  transaction  of  business  in  the 
United  States.  Further,  if  they  are 
to  successfully  compete  with  Euro- 
pean concerns  in  the  Orient  and  the 
Far  East  they  must  obviate  such  hap- 
penings. And  it  is  no  answer  to 
point  out  subsequent  explanation  and 
possible  reparation.  Such  little  un- 
pleasantnesses must  not  take  place. 


Another  moral  is  this:  When  this 
special  representative  attempted  to 
deal  with  the  last  customer  and 
learned  of  the  customer's  knowledge 
of  the  local  agency,  he  should  have 
been  sufficiently  broad  minded  and  of 
sufficiently  'large  calibre'  as  a  repre- 
sentative of  a  United  States  concern 
to  have  grasped  the  opportunity, 
closed  the  order  and  stated  to  the  cus- 
tomer that  the  order  would  be  placed 
through  the  local  agency.  He  should 
have  had  an  eye  to  something  else 
than  his  commission  as  special  rep- 
resentative. A  capable  representa- 
tive would  have  made  the  most  of 
the  occasion  and  by  doing  so  would 
have  reflected  credit  upon  himself, 
the  local  concern  and  the  house  in  the 
United  States  represented  by  himself 
and  the  local  agency. 


May,     19  19 


255 


titled  to  a  commission  on  the  pur- 
chase of  supplies  or  materials  and 
equipment. 

The  construction  of  new  railway 
lines  shall  be  under  the  immediate 
direction  of  the  superintendent  of 
construction  and  maintenance.  The 
Chinese  government  may  appoint  a 
Chinese  director  to  represent  its  in- 
terests in  connection  with  the  exe- 
cution of  the  work. 

The  construction  of  railway,  port 
terminal,  and  harbor  work  shall  be 
under  the  immediate  direction  of  the 
superintendent  of  port  terminals 
The  Chinese  government  may  appoint 
a  Chinese  director  to  represent  its  in- 
terests during  the  execution  of  the 
work.  The  board  shall,  in  agreement 
with  the  Chinese  government,  include 
in  its  construction  program  a  reason- 
able percentage  of  development  lines 
into  backward  or  outer  territories. 
Such  lines,  which  would  not  likely 
pay  for  a  number  of  years,  should  be 
carefully  balanced  in  proportion  to 
the  good  paying  roads  in  order  to  as- 
sure a  reasonable  net  profit  from  the 
railway  system  as  a  whole. 

Colonization  Bureau 
To  Encourage  Settlers. 

The  board,  in  agreement  with  the 
Chinese  government,  shall  organize  a 
development  and  colonization  bureau 
to  encourage  settlement  along  the 
railways  in  backward  or  outer  terri- 
tories and  to  foster  and  promote  such 
agricultural,  stock  raising,  forestry, 
and  resource  improvement,  and  de- 
velopment as  would  benefit  the 
country  and  increase  railway  earn- 
ings. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  board  to 
insure  efficient  management  in  order 
to  protect  the  loan  investments  of  the 
Consortium  bank  group,  but  the  un- 
derlying intent  of  the  board's  powers 
and  functions  shall  be  to  promote  the 
proper  transportational  development 
of  China  for  the  Chinese  and  to  train 
Chinese  executives  and  operatives  in 
the  science  of  railroading  with  the 
view  that  at  the  earliest  practicable 
date  the  board  may  step  out  of  au- 
thority and  the  Chinese  assume  full 
control  and  responsibility. 

To  summarize  and  fix  in  our  minds 
the  whole  matter  the  following  points 
should  be  remembered : 

China  and  central  Asia  are  approx- 
imately three  times  the  size  of  the 
United  States  or  of  the  whole  of  Eu- 
rope. Large  areas  in  outer  China 
and  central  Asia  are  rich  in  unde- 
veloped resources  and  fertile  lands. 
These  areas  may  be  made  to  produce 
large  quantities  of  staple  products  of 
which  the  world  is  in  need,  providing 
they  are  made  accessible  by  means  of 
modern  transportation  facilities. 


STREET  SCENE  IN  SHANGHAI 


China  is  a  great  storehouse  of  dor- 
mant wealth  and  untouched  oppor- 
tunities. She  has  a  tremendous  man 
power,  hardy  and  industrious,  wait- 
ing to  be  directed  into  channels  of 
constructive  effort- 
China  has  approximately  7,000 
miles  of  railways  in  operation,  as 
against  approximately  30,000  miles  in 
India  and  250,000  miles  in  the  United 
States.  Most  of  the  railways  have 
been  built  by  foreign  capital  through 
loan  contracts  or  outright  concession. 
With  the  advent  of  railways  special 
spheres  o  f  influence  and  exclusive 
privileges  have  developed  that,  par- 
tially or  completely,  in  some  in- 
stances, close  the  door  to  equal  op- 
portunity. China's  proper  develop- 
ment is  being  retarded  thereby. 

These  spheres  and  exclusive  con- 
cessions threaten  the  Chinese  nation- 
al integrity  and  if  perpetuated  will 
continue  to  retard  her  proper  develop- 
ment politically  and  economically. 

Worse  yet,  if  the  present  conditions 
are  permitted  to  remain,  China  will 
continue  a  hotbed  of  international  in- 
trigues and  jealousies  threatening  the 
peace  of  the  world.  The  Chinese  peo- 
ple are  essentially  peaceful  and  demo- 
cratic in  tendency,  presenting  an  op- 
portunity to  foster  a  national  organi- 
zation that  will  support  and  strength- 
en democratic  ideals  in  the  far  east. 

The  following  things  should  be 
done:  Wipe  out  the  old  sphere  of  in- 
fluence, concessions,  and  exclusive 
privileges  in  China  and  make  a  new 
start  on  the  principle  of  "No  special 
privileges,  but  equal  opportunities  to 
all  and  justice  to  China." 

Consolidate  the  contract  loan  rail- 
ways, forming  a  Chinese  national  rail- 
way system  with  only  sufficient  for- 
eign control  to  insure  protection  to 


may  be  more  quickly  and  effectively 
the  investments.  Through  this 
board  provide  the  funds  and  pur- 
chase on  China's  account  all  the  con- 
cession railways,  making  them  a  part 
of  the  consolidated  system. 

Assist  China  to  formulate  a  com- 
prehensive plan  of  railway  and  port 
terminal  development,  any  foreign 
loans  for  construction  and  equipment 
to  be  handled  through  the  central 
management  board- 
Make  adequate  provision  for  the 
training  of  Chinese  in  executive  posi- 
tions with  the  avowed  purpose  of 
turning  full  control  over  to  the  Chin- 
ese government  as  soon  as  ability  to 
manage  the  system  and  safeguard 
the  investment  is  proven. 

Consolidate  Concessions 
At  Various  Treaty  Ports. 

Consolidate  the  concessions  at  the 
various  treaty  ports,  neutralize  them 
under  international  administration 
that  will  assure  the  Chinese  an  in- 
creasing participation  in  municipal 
government  until  •  the  time  is  ripe 
for  full  control.  Abrogate  all  leases 
of  continental  territories  converting 
the  settlements  into  treaty  ports  un- 
der neutralized  international  adminis- 
tration. 

These  things  should  be  done:  Be- 
cause the  world  needs  the  things  the 
unused  and  backward  lands  in  Asia 
can  produce;  because  China  must  be 
set  aright  and  properly  developed  as 
a  preliminary  to  making  available  the 
potential  resources  of  Asia,  for  the 
reason  that  only  by  going  forth  and 
creating  new  wealth  in  the  world  can 
the  huge  burden  of  war  debts  be 
lightened. 

Also  because  it  is  good  business  in 
that   China's   enormous   man   power 


266 


Pan     Pacific 


PORT     OF     SINGAPORE 
HUNDKED    YEARS     OLD 


THOMAS    POX 

f\N  Thursday,  February  6  we  cele- 
^^  brated  the  Centenary  of  Singa- 
pore. A  hundred  years  ago  Sir  Stam- 
ford Raffles  landed  on  the  island  and 
raised  the  British  flag.  At  that  time 
the  island  was  covered  with  jungle, 
and  in  the  area  where  Singapore  now 
stands  there  was  only  a  small  spot 
on  which  the  tents  of  the  landing 
party  could  be  erected. 

Much  of  the  British  Empire  was 
secured  by  fighting.  Singapore  was 
won  by  peaceful  methods.  Raffles 
was  in  the  service  of  the  East  India 
Company.  He  was  a  man  of  large 
vision,  endowed  with  the  quality  of 
patience,  and  with  an  indomitable 
spirit. 

Only  a  man  who  could  see  far  ahead 
could  have  formed  an  estimate  of  the 
value  of  Singapore  to  the  Empire  as 


By  THOMAS  FOX 

Staff  Correspondent  at  Singapore. 

a  military  and  business  centre  Pen- 
ang  was  then  in  existence,  but  Pen- 
ang  today  is  a  place  of  secondary  im- 
portance to  Singapore.  The  Malay 
States  were  then  unexplored  by  white 
man,  and  it  is  no  figure  of  speech  to 
say  that  if  it  had  not  been  for  the 
founding  of  this  Settlement  there 
would  not  have  been  the  rich  terri- 
tory of  the  Malay  States  under  the 
British  flag. 

First  White  Inhabitants 
Were  Raffles  and  Party 

I  need  not  go  into  all  the  details 
connected  with  the  acquisition  or 
Singapore,  as  it  will  not  interest  you 
in  America.  Raffles  when  he  landed 
entered  into  an  agreement  with  the 
Malay  chiefs.  They  ceded  the  island 
to  the  East  India  Company,  and  Raf- 
fles and  his  followers  were  the  first 
white  inhabitants  of  what  is  now  one 
of  the  most  important  cities  in  the 
British  Empire. 

Even  then  we  stood  to  lose  this 
prize.  Raffles  had  his  detractors. 
Great  men  always  do.  The  Dutch 
declared  that  the  island  had  been 
ceded  to  them,  and  at  home  there 
were  statesmen  who  were  prepared 
to  meet  the  Dutch  claims  rather  than 
risk  the  chance  of  being  embroiled  in 
war.  These  statesmen  had  no  vision. 
They  did  not  see  what  Raffles  saw. 


They  considered  that  Singapore  was 
not  worth  while  having  trouble  over. 
But,  fortunately,  the  founder  of  the 
colony  had  friends  of  some  influence 
and  eventually  the  Dutch  claim  was 
resisted  and  Singapore  remained 
British. 

But  Raffles  had  his  troubles,  when 
after  seeing  the  colony  that  he 
founded  well  on  the  way  to  pros- 
perity, he  returned  to  London.  A 
few  years  later,  at  the  age  of  forty 
five  he  died.  Before  his  death  he 
had  declared  himself  to  be  a  "little 
shrivelled  old  man  "  After  his  death 
he  was  buried  at  Hendon  in  a  grave 
that  remained  unknown  for  over 
ninety  years.  The  grave  was  only 
discovered  a  few  years  ago  by  work- 
men who  were  carrying  out  repairs 
at  Hendon  Church. 

Britain  often  has  been  neglectful  of 
her  great  sons  during  their  lifetime, 
but  she  generally  tries  to  atone  after 
their  death.  In  life  she  neglected  the 
man  who  won  for  her,  against  her 
wishes,  one  of  the  fairest  gems  of 
her  crown,  and  in  death  she  long  for- 
got him.  But  greatness  in  time  will 
rise  from  the  grave.  It  did  so  in  the 
case  of  Raffles. 

The  war  has  linked  America  more 
closely  with  Singapore  than  ever  be- 
fore. It  is  one  of  the  great  ports  that 
lie  beyond  the  Pacific  and  it  is  worth 
while  for  your  merchants  to  cultivate 
their  acquaintance.  China  is  a  mag- 
nificent field  for  trade,  and  it  is  to  be 
feared  that  many  of  you  do  not  look 


JAPAN    MAY     OPPOSE     CHINESE    RAIL     PROGRAM 


set  at  constructive  work,  which  would 
increase  the  productive  and  consum- 
ing capacity  of  the  Chinese,  assuring 
a  several  fold  multiplication  of  trade 
and  investment  opportunity  for  all. 

In  conclusion  it  may  be  emphasized 
that  fear  and  hesitancy  in  facing  an 
unpleasant  situation,  with  nations  as 
with  individuals,  is  fatal.  A  drifting 
policy  will  simply  store  up  worse 
trouble  for  the  future. 

In  proposing  this  method  of  solu- 
tion for  the  transportation  of  devel- 
pment  of  China,  America  is  bound  to 
meet  opposition.  Needless  to  men- 
tion, the  opposition  now  will  not  come 
from  Great  Britain,  for  it  is  known 
that  the  British  already  have  them- 
selves evolved  a  similar  solution  of  the 
difficulty. 

Opposition  will  come  from  Japan — 


certain,  for  she  will  not  want  to  give 
up  control  of  the  South  Manchurian 
railway  and  she  will  strive  to  main- 
tain control  of  the  German  railways 
in  Shantung  province  that  she  seized 
at  the  beginning  of  the  war  and 
which  she  has  been  operating  since 
that  time.  The  French  are  also  likely 
to  object  to  bringing  their  railways 
in  south  China  into  this  scheme- 
But  the  strongest  opposition  (on 
the  face,  at  least)  is  likely  to  come 
from  a  certain  group  of  the  older  type 
reactionary  Chinese,  who  will  fight 
against  their  private  prerogative  of 
"squeeze"  being  interfered  with 
through  honest  and  efficient  control 
and  management  of  railways. 

The  opposition  on  the  part  of  cer- 
tain well  intrenched  reactionary 
Chinese  interests  will  receive  the  se- 


cret backing  of  other  nationals  not  in 
sympathy  with  the  plan,  so  the  op- 
position may  appear  formidable. 

Here  is  where  America  and  Great 
Britain  will  be  forced  to  act  together 
for  the  good  of  the  future — their  own 
interests,  the  best  interests  of  China, 
and  the  future  peace  of  the  world. 

If  the  railway  lines  of  China  are 
permitted  to  come  under  the  control 
of  a  selfish  nation  or  a  selfish  group 
of  nations,  then  China's  great  wealth 
of  natural  resources  of  agriculture, 
minerals,  and  man  power  will  flow  in 
that  direction  and  the  end  will  be  cer- 
tain— another  war. 

Strong  decision  and  keen  diplomacy 
will  win  for  this  plan  and  save  China 
now.  Ten  years  from  now  it  will  re- 
quire something  stronger  than  diplo- 
macy. 


May,     19  19 


257 


beyond  Hongkong.  But  if  you  sail 
five  days  beyond  that  port  you  will 
come  across  a  small  island,  about  22 
miles  across,  divided  from  the  main- 
land by  a  narrow  strip  of  water,  and 
with  a  city  of  over  300,000  inhabi- 
tants reared  on  it.  This  is  Singa- 
pore.    In  commercial  importance  it  is 


British  North  Borneo,  Sarawak,  Sum- 
atra, Java,  etc.  and  is  sold  on  the 
market.  From  here  it  is  shipped 
either  direct  or  via  Hongkong  or 
Japanese  ports  to  your  side.  Rub- 
ber and  tin  from  the  Malay  States, 
rice  from  Siam,  sage  flour  from  Sara- 
wak and  other  parts  of  Borneo,  oils 


RUBBER  EXPORTS  FROM  MALAY  PENINSULA 

Official  statistics  of  the  exports  of  rubber  from  the  Federated  Malay  States  and 
the  Straits  Settlements  show  a  falling  off  in  shipments  during  1918  when  compared 
with  1917,  attributable,  says  the  India  Rubber  World,  to  lack  of  cargo  space  and  to 
American  restrictions  upon  imports.  Many  of  the  rubber  companies  in  Malaya  vol- 
untarily restricted  their  tapping  operations,  but,  notwithstanding,  there  was  at  the 
close  of  1918  a  considerable  amount  of  rubber  stored  at  Singapore.  The  export  figures 
of  the  past  three  years  appear  below: 


Month 


January     ... 
Febrnary 

March     

April     

May     

Jnne     

Jnly     

August     

September 

October    

November    . 
December 

Total 


Federated    Malay    States 


Tons 
4  471 
.">;207 
4,420 
3,014 

3,956 

."..III 

.-.,iir.:: 
5.782 

6,376 
5.068 
6  776 
s;718 


«2,7((1 


1017 


Tons 

5.995 

7,250 
7.088 
5,055 
7.170 
«,O0» 
5.798 
0  487 
7,OS7 
7,079 
6.1  SO 
7,724 


79,831 


Tons 
7,388 
6,820 
7.700 
7,428 
5  881 
5J161 

s,7oe 

5,201 

6,588 
5,001 
7,097 
7,085 


78,255 


Straits     Settlements 


Tons 
4.443 
3  350 
4",481 
4,219 
3,274 
3,836 
5.106 
3,246 
2.087 
5,233 
5,247 
3  219 


48,650 


1917 


Tons 
3,562 
6,495 
8,290 
6,103 
6,282 
8,775 
7,351 
3,786 
5  679 
1.702 
5,555 
0,503 


73.002 


Tons 
4.302 
2,334 
8.858 
6,584 

13.587 
6  515 
1J987 
1.249 
6,200 
3,260 
2.661 
4,839 


62,376 


The  Straits   Settlements'   totals  include  transshipments   amounting   to   7,416   tons 
in  1917  and  4,447  tons  in  1918. 


greater  than  Shanghai,  greater  than 
Hongkong.  It  is  in  respect  of  ton- 
nage the  seventh  largest  port  in  the 
British  Empire. 

Look  at  a  map  of  the  Malay  Penin- 
sula, and  note  its  favorable  position. 
It  is  the  great  port  on  the  main  route 
from  England  to  the  Far  East.  It  is 
the  port  for  trade  between  British 
India  and  China  and  Japan.  Goods 
are  transported  here  for  the  great 
islands  of  Java  and  Sumatra,  for  Bor- 
neo, for  Siam,  and  for  Indo  China.  It 
commands  a  host  of  other  islands, 
mostly  Dutch.  The  greater  part  of 
the  trade  of  the  Malay  States  passes 
through  it. 

If  you  ship  from  Pacific  ports  to 
Bangkok,  your  goods  arrive  at  Singa- 
pore, and  are  transhipped  by  local 
steamers  to  the  Siamese  port.  If 
you  ship  to  Borneo  you  have  no  direct 
route.  You  send  to  Singapore,  and 
the  goods  are  transhipped  from  here. 
Goods  for  Sumatra  are  also  tranship- 
ped from  Singapore,  and  even  often 
in  the  case  of  goods  for  Java  there 
is  handling  at  this  port  It  is  true 
that  you  now  have  direct  lines  run- 
ning from  Java  to  Pacific  ports,  but 
all  goods  cannot  be  sent  by  these 
lines,  and  those  that  are  not  have  to 
be  landed  at  this  port  for  tranship- 
ment. 

This,  too,  is  the  great  market  for 
produce.    It  is  brought  here  from 


from  Java,  tobacco  from  Sumatra, 
gunny  bags  from  British  India — all 
come  here  and  are  shipped  to  some 
foreign  port  or  sold  on  the  local  mar- 
ket. 

Yet  merchants  of  the  United  States 
neglect  us,  or  they  did  up  to  within 
the  last  two  years.  Now  they  are 
showing  increasing  interest  in  this 
part  of  the  world.  I  notice  that  the 
principals  of  some  of  your  concerns 


are  coming  over  here,  and  after  all 
that  is  the  best  way  to  learn  of  what 
a  country  is  capable.  It  is  also  the 
best  way  to  learn  the  particular  de- 
mands of  that  country.  Your  history 
gives  hope  that  you  will  not  be  slow 
to  adjust  matters  to  meet  local  re- 
quirements- 
It  may  be  your  experience  that  a 
particular  class  of  goods,  packed  in 
a  particular  way,  is  the  best  for  your 
market,  but  do  not  allow  that  ex- 
perience to  bind  you  to  such  an  ex- 
tent that  you  cannot  understand  the 
demand  of  foreign  merchants  for  a 
particular  class  of  goods  done  up  in  a 
way  to  which  you  are  not  accustomed. 
If  you  have  been  packing  say,  10  tins 
of  an  article  to  a  case,  do  not  hesitate 
to  pack  four  tins  to  a  case  if  a  foreign 
market  asks  for  it.  There  is  a  reas- 
on. Owing  to  special  conditions  it 
may  not  be  possible  for  you  to  under- 
stand it.  But  the  merchant  at  this 
end  understands  it,  and  further  un- 
derstands that  if  he  does  not  get  the 
packing  that  he  asks  for,  he  is  to 
have  a  difficult  time  in  getting  rid  of 
his  goods.  It  is  a  question  of  dollars 
to  the  merchant  here,  and  he  cannot 
afford  to  take  any  risks. 

But  I  have  wandered  from  my 
theme  a  little.  Singapore  is  not  at 
the  height  of  its  power  yet.  It  is 
still  developing.  Every  year  the 
trade  of  the  port  is  growing.  It  is  a 
natural  port  for  Pacific  Coast  manu- 
facturers and  merchants.  Soon  ship- 
ping facilities  will  improve,  and  there 
will  be  less  handling  of — your  goods. 
There  will  be  more  in  the  way  of  di- 
rect shipments,  and  there  will  be  no 
more  difficulty  in  sending  goods  to 
Singapore  than  there  is  in  sending 
them  at  the  present  time  to  Yoko- 
hama. Every  year  the  Malay  Penin- 
sula is  being  opened  up  more  and 
more.    That  spells  more  trade. 


NICAKAGUAN  COFFEE   SITUATION 


By  A.  J.  McCONNICO, 

Consul  at  Corinto 

• — o — 

THE  coffee  situation  at  Nicaragua 
is  more  favorable  to-day  than  at 
any  time  during  the  last  five  years. 
The  present  market  price  of  approxi- 
mately $20  per  quintal  has  given  en- 
couragement to  all  the  planters,  and 
has  served  to  rehabilitate  many  of 
the  estates  of  fincas.  The  former 
price  of  $6  or  $8  per  quintal  was 
about  to  bring  ruin  and  bankruptcy, 
for  coffee  can  not  be  produced  in  this 
section  profitably  at  6  or  8  cents  a 
pound. 

It  is  estimated  that  the  production 
this  season  o  f  1919  will  amount 
to  300,000  quintals,  or  30,000,000 
pounds,  which  quantity,  if  realized, 


will  exceed  that  of  1918  by  50,000 
quintals,  or  5,000,000  pounds.  The 
increased  production  with  the  present 
market  price,  $20  per  quintal,  will 
bring  into  the  Republic  $2,000,000 
more  than  is  usually  realized  from 
the  coffee  crop 

During  1917  there  were  exported 
from  Nicaragua  18,542,246  pounds  of 
coffee,  valued  at  $1,761,607.  More 
than  60  per  cent  of  this  was  pur- 
chased by  the  United  States;  the  re- 
mainder by  France,  Italy,  Spain,  in 
the  order  named.  During  1918  the 
quantity  exported  was  25,266,454 
pounds,  valued  at  $2,224,154.  All  of 
the  1918  crop,  except  1,800  quintals, 
was  taken  by  the  United  States. 

The  present  indications  are  that 
much  o  f  t  h  e  coffee  exported  this 
season  will  go  to  Europe. 


258 


Pan     P  a  c  i  f  i 


JAPAN'S  PLACE  IN   FAMILY  OF  NATIONS 


By 
WILLIAM  RUTLEDGE   McGARRY 

IN  this,  my  final  international  an- 
alysis of  world  conditions  for  Pan 
Pacific,  I  am  asked  to  give  my  own 
interpretation  of  Japan  and  to  render 
an  accounting  of  my  observation  here 
and  elsewhere  of  the  position  which 
the  world  accords  and  should  accord 
to  her.  So  what  I  say  and  the  con- 
clusions I  shall  draw  in  this  respect 
will  reflect  my  own  and  no  other  one's 
opinions. 

I  have  always  taken  the  position 
that  in  the  household  of  nations,  as 
before  a  court  of  Justice,  every  mem- 
ber of  the  family  stands  on  the  plat- 
form as  sovereign  equals. 

Obligations  of  Host 
Must  Be  Understood 

The  mere  fact  that  a  nation  is  in- 
vited to  a  table  carries  with  the  in- 
vitation, itself,  the  necessary  impli- 
cation that  all  who  participate  in  the 
ceremonies  do  so  on  the  basis  of 
equality.  In  a  diplomatic  sense  it 
could  not  be  otherwise.  Nor,  even 
in  the  ordinary  minor  sense  of  social 
courtesy  among  well-bred  men  and 
women,  is  it  conceivable  in  a  host  to 
extend  an  invitation  to  a  person  not 
qualified  to  fulfill  all  the  obligations 
of  a  guest. 

The  moment  a  guest  is  accorded  the 
delightful  privilege  o  f  entering 
another's  threshold,  his  person,  his 
reputation,  and  all  he  stands  for  is 
regarded,  among  decent  people,  as 
privileged  and  sacred.  And  this  is 
nothing  but  an  abstract  from  the  ele- 
mentary code  of  honor,  acknowledged 
and  accepted  everywhere  in  the 
family  circle  as  well  as  in  the  hall  of 
princes.  Wherever  it  has  not  been  ac- 
cepted and  acted  upon,  is  to  be  found 
the  lowest  order  of  dignity  as  well 
as  entertainment;  and  nothing  noble 
or  refining  can  gain  inspiration  from 
so  mean  a  situation. 

These   Principles 
Are  Fundamental 

These  principles  are  so  fundamen- 
tal, socially  and  politically,  that  none 
but  an  ignoramus,  a  spy,  or  a  social 
outcast  will  claim  exemption  from 
their  binding  force  upon  them. 

This  being  the  situation  in  the  in- 


ternational party  at  Versailles,  the 
position  occupied  by  Baron  Makino  at 
the  table  of  Plenipotentiaries  calls  for 
the  display  of  the  finest  dignity  and 
finesse. 

He  is  precisely  in  the  position  of  a 
guest  at  an  elaborate  social  function 
which  the  "host"  has  staged  to  dis- 
arm his  caution  by  a  display  of  "hos- 
pitality" only  the  more  closely  to  ob- 
serve his  conduct. 

Now  Japan  was  invited  to  that  little 
dinner  party  as  every  other  guest  had 
been.  As  such  she  is  entitled  to  the 
same  confidence  and  courtesy  as  the 
others.  There  was  nothing  in  the  in- 
vitation to  suggest  that,  instead  of 
being  accepted  as  a  guest,  she  had 
been  smuggled  into  the  gathering  to 
become  an  object  of  animadversion 
and  suspicion,  by  a  cabal  of  social  and 
political  pariahs  who  alone  are  cap- 
able of  doing  such  an  ill-mannered 
thing. 

Sanctity  of  Guest 
Should  Be  Respected 

The  "hospitality"  Japan  believed 
she  was  accepting  in  the  spirit  of  the 
Samurai  pssessed  no  exterior  mani- 
festations of  crafty  insincerity.  It 
was  apparently  very  candid  and  ab- 
solutely on  the  square.  Had  Japan 
suspected  that  the  invitation  was 
merely  a  theatrical  display  of  ill-dis- 
guised civility  she  never  would  have 
consented  to  meet  so  curious  a  host. 
She  would  have  indignantly  despised 
the  whole  gathering  as  the  necessary 
accessories  of  a  spurious  piece  of 
insincerity.  Honor  is  too  rich  a 
heritage  not  t  o  feel  i  t  s  feathers 
ruffled  in  the  presence  of  an  evil  wind. 

It  is  easy  to  understand  the  fine 
sensibilities  of  the  old  time  Samurai. 
It  is  nothing  more  than  our  old  Ameri- 
can code  of  honor  recognized  among 
gentlemen  and  women  to  the  manor 
born.  The  Samurai  could  not  open 
their  doors  to  the  mockery  of  insin- 
cerity or  false  pretense  without  be- 
lieveing  themselves  branded  as  degen- 
erates and  hypocrites  who  alone  are 
used  to  betray  a  fellow  by  the  exercise 
of  social  prostitution.  And  this  in- 
stinct of  decency  holds  good  in  poli- 
tics, as  well  as  in  good  society. 

At  the  Peace  conference  it  is  to  be 
assumed  that  Japan  will  stand  upon 
her  rights  as  a  sovereign  State,  equal 
in  a  political  sense,  with  all  partici- 
pants. And  aside  from  this  fiction 
of  political  equality  Japan  has  re- 
vealed her  equality  in  every  other 
attribute  which  goes  to  make  up 
the  vital  and  perpetuating  impulses 
of  national  solidarity. 


Japan  Possesses  Keen 
Sentiment  of  Honor 

No  nation  at  the  table  has  so  splen- 
did a  history  of  long  and  uninter- 
rupted peace.  None  possesses  a  more 
noble  literature.  Few  can  reveal  such 
a  marvelous  charm  of  art.  None  can 
display  greater  rewards  of  industry 
or  a  finer  spirit  of  thrift.  She  is  the 
only  nation  at  the  conference  that  can 
reveal  a  highly  organized  civilization 
that  runs  through  the  centuries  like  a 
silken  cord  to  bind  the  present  to  a 
past  of  peace  and  beauty. 

When  Marco  Polo  landed  on  Dai 
Nippon,  in  1295,  Europe  was  in  dark- 
ness and  quivering  from  centuries  of 
war ;  yet  Japan  was  a  land  of  sunshine 
exhibiting  the  refinements  of  a  deli- 
cate civilization,  that  responded  to  an 
inspiring  tone  of  morality  and  honor. 
It  possessed  a  glorious  history.  There 
was  an  equally  splendid  tradition.  A 
family  name  was  more  than  a  family 
tree.  It  amounted  to  family  rever- 
ence. No  stain  was  upon  the  escut- 
cheon and  honor  became  the  living 
article  o  f  a  loving  national  faith. 
Some  travellers  called  this  wonderful 
family  pride,  this  inherited  instinct 
of  honor,  by  the  name  of  Shintoism; 
and  such  it  doubtless  was,  for  there  is 
nothing  unreasonable  in  reverencing 
a  line  of  ancestors  who  have  trans- 
mitted to  one's  keeping,  in  its  untar- 
nished splendor,  a  name  and  a  shield 
that  reflects  nothing  but  dignity  and 
glory,  from  the  days  of  Yamato-dake 
and  Oto-Tachibana  to  the  present 
time. 

So  we  are  not  surprised  when  we 
read  of  Japan's  plenipotentiary  say- 
ing to  the  other  plenipotentiaries  at 
Versailles  that  Japan  is  "not  too 
proud  to  fight"  to  maintain  its  honor, 
but  that  it  is  "too  proud"  to  sit  down 
at  a  table  as  inferior  to  any  race  on 
earth. 

Reverence  and  Efficiency 
Displayed  in  Nation 

I  might  easily  enumerate  the 
names  of  Japanese  in  every  calling  of 
life  who  stand  second  to  none  in  our 
present  industrial  age.  I  might  cite 
the  name  of  many  Emperors  who 
have  deserved  the  reverent  name  of 
"Father"  of  this  very  courteous  race. 
I  am  on  terms  of  intimate  friendship 
with  many  of  her  Statesmen  who  are 
more  democratic  and  constructive 
than  some  other  men  I  know.  I  have 
been  entertained  in  the  homes  of 
princes  and  barons  and  bankers  and 
authors  and  scholars,  and  I  have 
never  beheld  a  more  beautiful  exhi- 


May,     10  19 


259 


MUST  BE  DECIDED  NOW  FOR  ALL  TIME 


bition  of  filial  tenderness,  uxorious 
affection  and  mutual  domestic  love. 
And  I  have  a  Japanese  friend  who,  in 
competition  with  several  thousand 
students  in  one  of  our  American  Uni- 
versities, walked  away  with  the  first 
prize  in  oratory  in  the  language  of 
Uncle  Sam. 

To  say  that  such  a  race  is  "inferior" 
to  the  mongrel  half-breeds  who  are 
just  now  bursting  from  their  chry- 
salis of  bondage  and  clamoring  for 
"equality"  at  Versailles  is  to  make  a 
mockery  of  ethics  and  substitute  the 
jealousy  of  mediocrity  for  the  inher- 
ent modesty  of  meritorious  achieve- 
ment !  To  say  that  such  a  race  is  not 
better  qualified  to  guarantee  the 
peace  of  the  Pacific,  if  not  of  the 
whole  world,  than  races  who  regard 
international  covenants  a  s  "mere 
scraps  of  paper"  is  to  bastardize  so- 
ciety and  make  a  travesty  of  national 
good  faith.  Let  us  have  no  more  of 
this  reprehensible  twaddle.  Let  us 
strangle  this  viper  of  intrigue  with  its 
venomous  tongue  of  jealousy  and  hate. 
Japan  is  our  little  friend  and  no  power 
in  the  universe  can  destroy  our  faith 
in  her  loyal  attachment  to  the  ideals 
which  mean  peace  and  prosperity  to 
the  whole  Pan  Pacific  world. 

Nippon's  Capacity 
For  Universal  Good 

I  am  not  making  the  claim  that 
Japan  is  "superior"  to  Uncle  Sam,  in 
anything,  moral,  intellectual  or  phy- 
sical. I  am  merely  recognizing  and 
recommending  her  worth.  I  am  not 
saying  that  she  has  not  inherited 
some  of  the  habits  of  western  civiliz- 
ation that  are  very  selfish  and  thor- 
oughly up-to-date  in  the  philosophy 
of  self-interest  lam  merely  ac- 
knowledging her  intellectual  capacity 
to  grasp  the  economic  principles  of 
progress  with  an  alertness  and  con- 
centration of  purpose  that  reveals  a 
capacity  t  o  accomplish  wonderful 
things  for  the  good  of  humanity  and 
the  future  peace  of  the  world. 

I  am  not  saying  that  she  is  so  ar- 
tistic that  she  will  embrace  the  doc- 
trines of  Fourier  so  firmly  as  to  for- 
ever tolerate  insult  after  both  cheeks 
have  been  cuffed  by  stimulated  and 
cultivated  blindness.  I  am  only  sug- 
gesting that  the  dignity  of  conscious 
honor  while  incapable  of  descending 
to  the  level  of  a  serpent  is,  neverthe- 
less, under  sufficient  provocation, 
willing  to  display  the  strength  and 
courage  of  the  lion.  In  all  of  these 
qualities  Japan  resembles  the  United 
States  from  which  her  philosophy  of 
progress  is  derived ;  and  to  me,  at 


least,  such  qualities  suggest  the  very 
genius  of  achievement  upon  which 
mankind  may  confidently  rely  for 
nobler  and  finer  things  in  the  scheme 
of  human  life. 

Instinct    of    Peace 
and  War  Contrasted 

I  say  this  because  the  Orient  is  as 
naturally  peaceful  as  the  Occident  is 
naturally  pugnacious.  Europe  always 
presents  a  picture  of  armed  civility 
which  accepts  and  recognizes  hatred 
as  an  attribute  of  honor.  One  may 
sit  for  an  hour  in  the  Hotel  Moscow 
at  Belgrade  and  learn  of  more  plots 
and  counter-plots  to  disturb  the  peace 
of  Europe  than  could  be  acquired  in 
Tokyo  in  a  hundred  years.  One  may 
roam  along  the  Donau  Kanal  or  the 
Wien  Fluss,  at  Vienna,  and  hear  more 
whisperings  o  f  meditated  carnage 
than  would  be  expressed  in  a  life  time 
in  the  United  States  and  Japan  com- 
bined. A  stroll  along  the  Madelain 
or  the  Haussmann  in  Paris  or  a  lazy 
ramble  in  the  perlieus  of  Berlin  will 
reveal  more  evidence  of  "man's  inhu- 
manity to  man"  than  will  be  picked  up 
in  a  generation  among  the  American 
or  Oriental  people. 

Under  these  circumstances  it  is  not 
surprising  that  wherever  the  Orient 
has  been  penetrated  for  commercial 
exploitation  by  European  races  we 
find  the  natives  imposed  upon  by 
cruel  and  intolerable  exactions.  They 
are  regarded  as  "inferiors"  fit  only 
to  slave  for  the  luxury-loving  warriors 
of  a  "superior"  and  blood-letting  race ! 
They  are  the  "hewers  of  wood  and  the 
drawers  of  water"  for  the  stingy  and 
domineering  interlopers  who  take 
everything  and  leave  nothing  to  ex- 
cuse their  penalizing  penetration. 
Thus  they  have  impoverished  the 
Orient  and  deprived  the  largest  part 
of  the  human  family  of  the  means 
of  contributing  towards  the  progress 
and  enlightenment  of  the  world.  And 
for  this  reason  it  is  incomprehensible 
that  Japan  can  look  on  this  flood  of 
invented  destitution  without  mani- 
festing a  desire  to  raise  the  standard 
of  Oriental  productiveness  and  ef- 
ficiency- 
Japan's  Destiny 
To  Elevate  Civilization 

As  a  matter  of  fact  she  asserts 
this  right.  She  desires  a  rich  Orient 
to  trade  with.  She  wants  to  see  the 
earning  capacity  o  f  Oriental  races 
raised  from  the  prevailing  pittance  of 
today  to  a  decent  income  for  hours  of 
honest  toil.  Her  philosopny  is  the 
philosophy    of    the    United    States 


in  stimulating  productiveness  and 
wealth.  She  believes  i  n  bringing 
railroad  communications  to  the  mil- 
lions of  non-commercial  inhabitants 
who  swarm  on  Oriental  plains  so  that 
they  may  contribute  billions  every 
year  to  the  wealth  and  solvency  and 
happiness  o  f  this  war-embittered 
world. 

For  this  purpose  her  hand  is  now 
extended  to  the  people  of  America  in 
cordial  amity  and  desire  for  co-  oper- 
ation in  such  a  beneficial  and  con- 
structive purpose.  We  have  grasped 
that  hand  as  friends ;  and  in  all  parts 
of  the  United  States  where  our  sin- 
cerity is  genuine  Japan  nas  been  pour- 
ing in  a  golden  flood  of  wealth.  Res 
ipse  loquatur. 

It  must  not  be  understood  from 
this  that  I  endorse  the  unwise  asser- 
tion of  extraterritoriality  by  other 
races  in  China  or  any  other  country. 
That  is  an  inheritance  from  the  bar- 
baric reign  of  Francis  I.  It  was  first 
expressed  in  the  firmen  or  right  of 
visitation  which  the  Crusaders  im- 
posed on  the  followers  of  Mahomet. 
It  was  subsequently  asserted  by 
Catherine  the  Great  after  a  series  of 
barbarous  and  successful  wars.  It 
became  the  habitual  mask  of  diplo- 
matic brigandage,  as  time  went  on, 
and  was  moulded  into  inter 
national  law  as  a  fit  memorial  to 
bloodshed  and  encroaching  cruelty. 
The  sooner  it  is  kicked  from  the  mass 
of  irritating  lumber  in  the  skeleton 
archives  of  international  ill-will  the 
better  it  will  be  for  the  sure  and 
steady  step  of  commercial  progress. 

Statesmen  Recognize 
This  Economic  Justice 

All  forward  looking  Statesmen  rec- 
ognize the  justice  and  the  economic 
value  of  cutting  these  unnecessary 
and  insulting  cords  of  acknowledged 
subjugation.  They  have  learned  to 
believe  that  in  friendship  alone  re- 
sides the  kernel  of  peace  and  the  twig 
of  prosperity  that  all  good  men  are 
anxious  to  cultivate  and  encourage. 

When  the  conference  turns  its  at- 
tention to  this  necessary  phase  of  the 
situation,  I  am  satisfied  that  Japan 
will  stand  with  the  United  States  in 
the  belated  liberation  of  humanity 
from  the  customs  of  barbarity,  and 
allow  the  human  family  to  respond  to 
the  natural  and  progressive  forces  of 
international  good  will.  It  will  be  an 
achievement  worthy  of  America.  It 
will  be  an  achievement  worthy  of 
Japan ;  and  it  will  solemnize  the  wed- 
lock of  man's  humanity  to  man  with 
the  regenerated  spirit  of  Freedom, 
Fraternity  and  Equality. 


260 


P  a 


f  i 


TACKLING     FOREIGN    TRADE 
WITH    THE   WRONG   TOOLS 


By  JOHN  H.  GERRIE 


THE  United  States  enters  upon 
world  trade  with  the  wrong 
kind  of  tools.  At  the  outset  of  its 
expanded  selling  career  this  nation  is 
seriously  handicapped  in  the  fierce 
competition  with  the  advanced  trad- 
ing nations  of  the  earth. 

The  French  merchant,  the  German, 
the  Dutch,  will  do  business  in  the 
Latin-American  market,  in  the  Asi- 
atic market,  with  the  weights  and 
measures  commonly  used  and  under- 
stood by  those  potential  buyers.  The 
American  merchant  will  attempt  to 
sell  American  goods  by  weights  and 
measures  now  obsolete  among  all  but 
two  nationalities  and  difficult,  in  the 
foreign  mind,  of  comprehension. 

A  French  merchant  and  an  Ameri- 
can merchant  enter  a  certain  over- 
seas market  with  the  same  class  and 
quality  of  goods,  at  about  the  same 
price.  The  Frenchman  sells  by  the 
metric  system,  well  understood  be- 
cause of  its  simplicity  and  long  use 
in  that  market;  the  American  intro- 
duces the  cumbersome  system  still 
in  vogue  here.  On  terms  otherwise 
equal  which  is  the  more  likely  to 
carry  off  the  orders?  There  can  be 
no  question  of  it. 

Add  More  Salesmen 
Handicap  Increases 

But  just  add  to  that  one-sided 
competition,  salesmen  from  Holland, 
from  Denmark,  from  Norway  and 
Sweden,  from  Spain,  from  Italy,  even 
from  Germany,  not  forgetting  either 
the  ever-alert  Japanese  trader,  all 
offering  goods  in  the  remote  corners 
of  the  world,  on  a  plan  of  barter  as 
familiar  there  as  the  names  of  the 
prospective  buyers.  What  chance 
would  a  poor  American  have  anyway  ? 
Well,  if  there  were  ten  other  nation- 
alities represented,  his  chance  would 
be  less  than  one  in  ten,  always 
granted  that  the  goods  offered  were 
of  equal  merit  in  the  eyes  of  the 
customers. 

Can  the  American  merchant  afford 
to  enter  the  world's  markets  loaded 
with  this  terrific  handicap? 

In  the  scramble  for  ships  to  carry 
American  goods  and  in  the  thousand 
and  one  problems  of  world  readjust- 
ment the  question  of  simplifying  the 
buying  and  selling  of  merchandise 
throughout  the  world  has  been  lost 
sight  of.  Yet  the  question  is  of  para- 
mount importance  to  two  great  mer- 
chant nations — Great  Britain  and  the 
United  States. 


For  in  this  connection  Britannia  is 
in  the  same  boat  with  America, 
though  that  does  not  ease  the  situ- 
ation for  the  latter.  As  a  matter  of 
fact  England  led  the  United  States 
into  its  cumbersome  jumble  of 
quantity  expression,  which  in  turn, 
strange  as  it  may  seem,  had  been 
forced  upon  the  British  by  the  Ger- 
mans. The  present  coinage  of  the 
British  Isles  as  well  as  the  weights 
and  measures  of  both  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  States  are  German. 

Present  British  System 
Originated  By  Germans 

The  British  pounds,  both  sterling 
and  avoirdupois,  originated  with  the 
old  German  Osterling  Hanseatic 
League,  which  for  hundreds  of  years 
controlled  the  trade  of  England.  In- 
deed, the  dominance  of  the  Germans 
continued  until  a  competent  business 
manager  ousted  the  German  Hanse 
League  from  England — a  patriotic 
work —  and  it  was  a  woman  who  did 
it:  Elizabeth. 

The    Germans   forced    these   old 


nations,  while  relegating  to  her  most 
formidable  competitors  so  compli- 
cated and  cumbersome  a  system  as 
to  almost  handicap  them  out  of  the 
race  for  international  trade.  Can- 
not you  imagine  the  slick  German 
traders  laughing  among  themselves 
over  the  trick  of  forcing  a  discarded 
jumble  of  weights  and  measures  on 
the  English  speaking  peoples,  while 
themselves  going  forth  to  do  business 
on  a  scientific  and  automatic  plan 
that  appeals  to  the  least  intelligent 
of  peoples  and  the  invention  of  an 
Englishman  at  that?  If  the  issues 
it  presents  were  not  so  tragic  it  might 
be  considered  the  world's  greatest 
joke. 

Not  the  least  interesting  feature 
of  the  situation  is  that  the  metric 
system  is  so  simple  an  average  child 
of  ten  years  can  master  its  essential 
features  in  ten  minutes.  It  is  that 
simplicity  that  has  quickly  made  it 
the  standard  of  the  world  outside  the 
English  races.  It  is  the  standard  of 
all  Europe  outside  the  British  Isles, 
practically  all  of  Asia,  all  of  Ameri- 
ca except  Canada  and  the  United 
States,  all  of  Africa  and  all  of  Oceania 
outside  of  Australia  and  New  Zea- 
land. 

All  the  world  has  adopted  the  al- 


MAP    SHOWING    WELL-MbH    WORLD    1  SE    OP    METRIC    UNITS 


BLACK — COUNTRIES  XOW  USING  METP.R-L.ITER  GRAM  AND  METRIC  COINS 
SHADED— COUNTRIES  USING  METRIC  COINS,  METRIC  UNITS  IN  ELECTRICAL 
INDUSTRY,  SCIENTIPIC  WORK,  ALMOST  EXCLUSIVELY,  WORLD 
METRIC  POSTAGE.  AND  ON  EVE  OP  ADOPTING  METER-LITER- 
GRAM  POR  WORLD  TRADE. 
WHITE COUNTRIES  USING  OLD  GERMAN  JUMBLE,  SCRAPT  BY  GER- 
MANS,  1S71. 


standards  on  the  British  who  in  their 
turn  landed  them  on  America.  What 
is  more  remarkable  is  that  America 
and  Britannia  continue  to  use  these 
old  German  tools  after  Germany  her- 
self has  scrapped  them,  and  adopted 
(1871)  the  simplest  decimal  system 
ever  known  to  humankind — the  appli- 
cation of  the  decimal  to  weights  and 
measures,  which  was  the  invention  of 
James  Watt  in  1783. 

In  other  words  Germany,  followed 
by  other  nations,  has  adopted  a  sys- 
tem of  quantity  expression  invented 
by  a  Briton  to  simplify  trading  among 


phabet  of  letters  for  written  expres- 
sion, each  people  in  its  own  language. 
All  the  world  has  adopted  the  Arabic 
numerals,  1234567890,  for  mathe- 
matical computation.  All  the  civi- 
lized world  has  adopted  the  metric 
units  to  express  its  weights  and 
measures,  meter-liter-gram,  with  the 
exception  of  the  United  States  and 
Great  Britain. 

It  is  a  system  of  weights  and  meas- 
ures based  on  decimal  computations, 
just  as  is  the  American  decimal  met- 
ric dollar.  The  metric  system  has 
only    four    principal    units  —  dollar- 


.1/  ay,     19  1  9 


261 


HERE  ARE  NATIONS  THAT  USE  METRIC  SYSTEM 


Countries  and  peoples  which  have  adopted 
the  metric  system  are  these  152:  Argentina, 
Austria,  Adalia,  Algeria,  Albania,  Arabia, 
Andorra,  Anam,  Armenia,  Anatolia,  Azores, 
Abyssinia,  Brazil,  Belgium,  Bolivia,  Bul- 
garia, Borneo,  Bali,  British  Honduras,  Ba- 
varia, Bosnia,  Bokhara,  Balaerics,  Buko- 
wina,  Canada,  Ceylon,  China  (the  Chinese 
Government  has  definitely  decided  gradu- 
ally to  turn  its  426,000,000  to  exclusive  use 
of  meter-liter-gram — it  is  the  standard  of 
28  ports  now),  Chili,  Colombia,  Costa  Rica, 
Croatia,  Czecho-Slova,  Cuba,  Caroline  Is- 
lands, Cambodia,  Cochin  China,  Dutch  Celi- 
bes,  Canaries,  Cyprus,  Corsica,  Crete,  Den- 
mark,   Dalmatia,    Dahomey,   Dobrudja,   Da- 


maraland,  Egypt,  Ecuador,  Portuguese  East 
Africa,  Eritres,  France,  Finland,  Formosa, 
Faroe  Islands,  Filippines,  Germany,  Greece, 
Guatemala,  Greenland,  Guiana,  (French), 
Guiana  (British),  Guiana  (Dutch),  Gui- 
ana (Portuguese),  German  East  Africa, 
German  West  Africa,  Togoland,  German 
Borneo,  Guam,  Hungary,  Hongkong,  Hol- 
land, Haiti,  Honduras,  Herzegovina,  Italy, 
Iceland,  Ivory  Coast  (French),  India,  Indo 
China  (French),  Japan,  Java,  Jugo  Slovia, 
Juan- Fernandez,  Kamerun,  Korea,  Kongo 
(French).Kongo  (Belgian),  Kongo  (Portu- 
guese), Khiva,  Lithuania,  Liberia,  Luxem- 
burg, Lombok,  Marshall  Isles,  Mexico,  Mo- 
rocco,    Moravia,     Montenegro,     Mauritius, 


Monte  Carlo,  Martinique,  Madura,  Molucan, 
Macao,  Madeira,  Malay  States,  Namaland, 
Norway,  New  Guiana,  Nicaragua,  New- 
Granada,  Nigeria,  Newfoundland,  O  r  o 
(Spanish),  Odrar,  Peru,  Poland,  Palestine, 
Paraguay,  Patagonia,  Panama,  Porto  Rico, 
Portugal,  Pescadores,  Russia,  Ruthenia, 
Rhodes,  Rumania,  Siberia,  Salvador,  San 
Domingo,  Serbia,  Spain,  Switzerland,  Samoa, 
Samoa  (German),  Samos,  Sardinia,  Sicily, 
Siam,  Sumatra,  St.  Lucia,  St.  Croix,  St.  Pier- 
re, Sahara,  Senegal,  Senegambia,  Somali, 
Somali  (Italian),  Straits  Settlements,  Ton- 
quin,  Tripoli,  Tunis  (French),  Tunis  (Ital- 
ian), Timor  Islands,  Uruguay,  Ukrania,  Vene- 
zuela, Virgin  Islands,  W.  Africa   (French). 


meter-liter-gram — and  they  can  be 
multiplied  by  10,  100,  1000,  or  divided 
into  lOths,  lOOths,  lOOOths,  in  the 
same  manner  that  we  multiply  or  di- 
vide decimal  metric  money.  Dollar- 
meter-liter-gram  are  simply  names  to 
indicate  whether  the  computation  re- 
fers t  o  money,  length,  mass  or 
weight. 

Use  Same  Terms 

To  Express  Units 

We  may  use  the  same  terms  to  ex- 
press meters,  liters  and  grams  as  we 
do  to  express  dollars  as  follows: 

1.111  is  expressed  as  one  dollar,  one 
10  cent,  one  cent,  one  mill. 

1.111  is  expressed  as  one  meter,  one 
DECl-meter,  one  CENT-imeter,  one  MILL- 
imeter. 

1.111  is  expressed  as  one  liter,  one 
DECl-litcr,  one  CENT-iliter,  one  MILL- 
iliter. 

1.111  is  expressed  as  one  gram,  one 
DECi-gram,  one  CENT-igram,  one  mill- 
igram. 

Just  as  you  multiply  and  divide  the 
dollar  by  10-100-1000,  so  do  you  mul- 
tiply and  divide  meters,  liters,  grams. 
And  as  to  definitions: — Kilo  is  Greek 
for  1000,  Hecto  is  Greek  for  100, 
Deka  is  Greek  for  10.    That  is  all. 

Watt's  scientific  and  practical  mind 
devised  one  simple  decimal  method 
which  he  submitted  to  various  coun- 
tries in  1783,  and  it  was  this  system 
that  became  the  metric  system.  Tal- 
leyrand, the  great  French  statesman, 
saw  at  once  its  immense  practical 
value,  simplicity,  uniformity — world 
oneness.  He  caused  it  to  be  adopted 
in  France,  and  France  was  soon  fol- 
lowed by  33  other  nations. 

System  Was  Favored 
Bv  George  Washington 

George  Washington  said: 

A  uniformity  of  the  weights 
and  measures  of  the  country  is 


among  the  important  objects  sub- 
mitted to  you  by  the  constitution 
and  if  it  can  be  derived  from  a 
standard  at  once  invariable  and 
universal,  it  must  be  no  less  hon- 
orable to  the  public  council  than 
conducive  to  the  public  conven- 
ience. 

Thomas  Jefferson  appreciated  its 
simplicity  and  practicability,  and 
urged  its  adoption  in  this  country. 
We  accepted  it  as  the  basis  of  our 
money  in  1786,  thus  leading  the  world 
in  metric  money,  but  unfortunately 
neglected  to  adopt  the  other  three 
principal  units — meter-liter-gram. 

In  1816  James  Madison  brought  the 
matter  of  standards  to  the  attention 
of  Congress  and  a  committee  re- 
ported in  favor  of  Jefferson's  decimal 
plan,  but  it  was  not  done.  In  1821, 
J.  Q.  Adams,  Secretary  of  State,  re- 
ported in  favor  of  the  metric  system 
but  it  was  not  adopted.  In  1866 
Charles  Sumner  did  the  same  with 
similar  result. 

The  British  House  of  Commons  in 
1914  voted  to  adopt  the  metric  sys- 
tem but  the  House  of  Lords  rejected 
it.  This  decision  had  an  important 
bearing  upon  the  World  War. 

Germany's  Advantage 
Due  To  Metric  System 

Germany  has  had  everything  met- 
rically standardized  since  1871,  so 
that  in  the  war  practically  every  Ger- 
man detail  was  instantly  interchange- 
able, and  they  fitted  and  worked  to- 
gether. Without  this  automatic  unity 
and  simplicity  there  could  have  been 
no  such-great  efficiency  in  the  pro- 
ductive and  military  co-ordination  of 
Germany. 

The  Allies,  on  the  contrary,  had  no 
such  interchangeable  uniformity. 
The  metric  standards  of  France, 
Italy,  Russia,  Rumania,  Greece,  Bel- 
gium, Montenegro,  Portugal,  Serbia, 


and  the  rest — 23  fighting  allies  and  7 
who  had  broken  off  diplomatic  re- 
lations with  Germany,  including  the 
nations  of  Central  and  South  Amer- 
ica, that  is  to  say  some  30  of  the 
allies — were  not  interchangeable  with 
the  British  and  American  weights 
and  measures.  Even  British  and 
American  measures  were  not  inter- 
changeable with  the  result  that  great 
and  grave  difficulties,  long  costly  de- 
lays, interfered  with  their  co-ordi- 
nation and  efficiency  promptly  to  aid 
their  allies. 

Eventually    Forced 
To  Adopt  Standard 

But  eventually  both  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  States  were  forced  to 
adopt  the  metric  system  of  standards 
for  use  in  France.  General  order 
number  1  of  the  United  States  War 
department,  issued  January  2,  1918, 
states : 

"The  metric  system  has  been 
adopted  for  use  in  France  for  all  firing 
data  for  artillery  and  machine  guns, 
in  the  preparation  of  operation  orders 
and  in  map  construction."  Ordnanco 
such  as  the  75  and  155  milli-meter 
guns  have  been  adopted  by  the  United 
States  Army  and  are  successfully 
made  in  America. 

Surely  n  o  further  reasons  are 
needed  why  the  English  speaking 
peoples  should  immediately  scrap  the 
obsolete  standards  of  war  and  trade, 
so  complicated,  difficult  to  learn  and 
to  use.  The  United  States  and  Great 
Britain  now  looked  to  as  world 
leaders  in  the  present  crisis  of  man- 
kind should  at  least  be  on  even  terms 
with  other  nations  in  the  race  for 
world  trade.  President  Wilson  and 
Lloyd  George  devoting  ten  minutes 
to  this  subject  in  Paris  could  make  the 
metric  standard  universal  and  benefit 
all  human  kind. 


262 


Pan     Pacific 


OLD 

PORTS 

AND 

NEW 


By 

WALTER  SCOTT  MERIWETHER 

— o — 

THE  rehabilitation  of  the  Ameri- 
can merchant  marine  will  not 
only  send  American  ships  into  com- 
merce upon  the  Seven  Seas  but  will 
restore  to  their  former  high  estate 
many  of  the  now  half-forgotten  ports 
of  the  great  seaboard  of  the  nation. 

Portland,  New  Bedford,  Gloucester, 
Marblehead,  Bath,  Rockland,  Thomas- 
ton,  New  London,  still  possess  the 
natural  advantages  that  made  their 
names  as  familiar  to  seafaring  men 
in  the  days  of  the  Yankee  clipper 
ships  as  are  New  York,  Boston,  Balti- 
more, Norfolk,  Philadelphia,  New  Or- 
leans, Galveston  and  San  Francisco 
to  the  present  generation. 

Some  of  these  old  ports,  which  once 
thrived  and  prospered  through  their 
overseas  trade,  together  with  dozens 
of  others,  perhaps  never  known  to 
fame,  already  feel  the  quickening  in- 
fluence of  the  new  birth  of  our  mer- 
chant navy  upon  the  seas.  All 
possess  deep,  sheltered  water  and 
form  gateways  to  important  indus- 
trial or  manufacturing  regions. 

There  is  no  nation  so  bountifully 
blessed  with  natural  harbor  prospects 
as  the  United  States.  Its  21,000  miles 
of  coast  line,  washed  by  the  waters 
of  the  blustering  Atlantic,  the  placid 
Gulf  of  Mexico  and  the  lazy  rollers 
of  the  Pacific,  is  serrated  with  land- 
locked bays  and  broad  estuaries  that 
offer  safe  harbor  for  ships  of  all 
classes. 

The  British  Isles,  lacking  most  of 
these  natural  advantages,  are  never- 
theless bound  round  with  a  cordon  of 
ports  and  harbors.  Virtually  every 
dent  in  the  rugged  coast  of  these 
islands  has  been  utilized  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  the  ships  of  her  big 
merchant  fleet,  and  all  these  ports 
and  harbors  serve  their  purpose  in 
the  complex  but  smooth-running  ma- 
chinery of  Great  Britain's  overseas 
trade. 


HARBORS  OF  PACIFIC  COAST 

LOS  ANGELES  (San  Pedro)— The  harbor  has  a  berthing  capacity  of  20,962 
lineal  feet,  with  a  capacity  of  415,000  square  feet  of  warehouse  storage  and  457,700 
square  feet  of  enclosed  shed  storage  reached  by  a  harbor  terminal  railway.  It  has 
500  acres  of  anchorage  area.  Fresh  water,  electric  current,  bunker  oil  and  crane  and 
derrick  facilities  are  available.  The  harbor  also  affords  elevator  equipment.  Nine, 
steamship  lines  regularly  use  this  port. 

SAN  FRANCISCO— This  great  harbor  has  a  berthing  capacity  of  78,704  lineal 
feet.  It  is  fully  equipped  with  dry  docks,  has  an  anchorage  area  of  40  nautical  miles, 
and  fresh  water,  bunker  coal  and  oil,  electric  current  and  crane  and  derrick  facilities 
are  available.  The  harbor  has  39  piers  with  a  storage  capacity  of  4,591,903  square 
feet,  and  bulkhead  wharves  furnish  an  additional  storage  capacity  of  1,120,000  square 
feet  with  an  actual  car  capacity  on  piers  of  1,000  cars.  The  port  is  equipped  to  handle 
25  to  30'/r  more  tonnage  annually  than  it  is  now  receiving. 

PORTLAND— This  harbor  furnishes  berthing  capacity  of  20,994  lineal  feet,  with  a 
shed  storage  capacity  of  1,974,400  square  feet  and  open  storage  of  1,008,340  square 
feet.  Seven  railway  systems  serve  the  port.  It  has  dry  docks  and  an  anchorage  area 
of  165  feet  with  a  clear  depth  of  28  to  33. feet.  Fresh  water,  electric  current,  bunker 
coal  and  oil  and  crane  and  derrick  facilities  are  available.  It  has  grain  ele- 
vator equipment.     Two  steamship  lines  regularly  use  this  port. 

SEATTLE — The  harbor  affords  a  berthing  capacity  of  41,776  lineal  feet  with  a 
spur  track  capacity  of  1,731  cars.  The  berthing  capacity  furnishes  accommodation  for 
100  vessels  of  400  feet  length.  The  harbor  has  dry  dock  equipment  and  an  anchorage 
area  of  11.80  square  miles.  It  has  grain  elevators.  Fresh  water,  electric  current, 
bunker  coal  and  oil  and  crane  and  derrick  facilities  are  available.  Twenty-nine  steam- 
ship lines  regularly  use  this  port. 

TACOMA — Has  a  very  large  berthing  capacity  for  vessels  of  all  sizes  and  drafts. 
The  port  is  served  by  four  railway  systems.  The  harbor  is  equipped  with  dry  docks 
and  furnishes  safe  anchorage  for  a  large  number  of  ships.  There  are  grain  elevators, 
fresh  water,  electric  current,  bunker  coal  and  oil,  crane  and  derrick  facilities  are  avail- 
able.    Six  steamship  lines  make  regular  use  of  the  port  of  Tacoma. 

(Descriptions  furnished  by  the  United  States  Shipping  Board.) 


What  Great  Britain  has  done  in  the 
upbuilding  of  the  port  and  harbor 
facilities  o  f  t  h  e  British  Isles  the 
United  States  will  do  in  meeting  the 
demands  of  her  rapidly  expanding 
overseas  merchant  marine.  Already 
the  Port  and  Harbor  Facilities  Com- 
mission of  the  United  States  Ship- 
ping Board  has  listed  71  ports  and 
harbors  on  our  coasts  capable  of  ac- 
commodating vessels  of  5,000  dead- 
weight tons. 

Future  development  of  the  ports 
and  harbors  now  listed  and  classified, 
and  others  that  may  be  located  in  the 
future  at  advantageous  points,  will 
depend  upon  development  of  harbor 
facilities,  such  as  dredging  operations 
and  the  building  of  piers,  docks,  ware- 
houses, elevators  and  termini  of  rail- 
way lines,  and  will  be  largely  in  the 
hands  of  citizens,  corporations  and  in- 
dividuals interested  in  such  port  or 
harbor. 

The  ports  and  harbors  now  listed 
with  the  Shipping  Board  as  possess- 
ing facilities  for  overseas  trade  are 
divided  into  four  classes.  There  are 
24  in  Class  A;  10  in  Class  B;  29  in 
Class  C  and  8  in  Class  D.  In  the 
latter  class  are  listed  Bahia  Honda 
and  St.  Josephs  Bay  in  Florida;  San 


Pablo  Bay  in  California;  Coos  Bay  in 
Oregon,  and  Grays  Harbor,  Willapa 
Bay,  Port  Gamble  and  Port  Madison 
in  Washington — new  names,  surely, 
to  the  average  citizen  who  believes 
himself  well  posted  in  the  geography 
and  commercial  history  of  his 
country. 

Among  the  "come-backs"  of  the  old 
days  of  the  maritime  glory  of  the 
nation  may  be  mentioned  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  a  few  miles  down  the  Po- 
tomac River  from  Washington.  Alex- 
andria once  ranked  as  a  city  and  port 
of  importance  but  is  now  almost  for- 
gotten as  ever  having  been  the  haunt 
of  sailor  men.  It  finds  a  place  in 
Class  C  and  again  may  know  the  de- 
parted activities  of  arrivals  and  sail- 
ings of  vessels  in  overseas  commerce. 

New  Bedford,  on  the  Massachus- 
setts  Coast,  h  a  s  a  fixed  place  in 
history  as  a  seaport  that  once  knew 
the  commerce  of  the  world.  In  the 
generation  when  New  Bedford  flour- 
ished Portugal  had  a  rich  trade  with 
the  United  States  and  it  was  con- 
ducted almost  exclusively  through  the 
gateway  of  New  Bedford.  Other 
ports  almost  as  rich  in  the  history 
and  romance  of  the  sea  are  brought 
to  public  attention  again  by  the  needs 
of  the  new  merchant  marine. 


May,     19  19 


263 


HONG  KONG  FLOUR  SITUATION 


Noted  Chinese  Educator 


By  GEORGE  E.  ANDERSON 
Consul  General  at  Hongkong 

WITH  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment guaranteeing  farmers 
$2.20  gold  per  bushel  for  the  1918-19 
wheat  crop  American  flour  will  not 
come  into  the  Hongkong  market  dur- 
ing the  coming  year  except  at  a  loss 
to  the  Government  of  the  United 
States.  With  such  a  price  for  Ameri- 
can wheat,  imports  of  American  flour 
into  the  southeast  Asia  field  are  prac- 
tically impossible  even  if  there  is  no 
competition  of  moment,  but  there  is 
every  indication  that  Australia,  North 
China,  and  perhaps  Japan,  will  be  in 
this  market. 

The  stock  of  wheat  in  North  China 
has  been  quite  fair  since  last  July, 
and  though  the  demand  for  the  flour 
output  of  the  Shanghai  mills  is  so 
strong  that  orders  from  this  part  of 
the  world  are  not  accepted  at  present, 
it  is  likely  that  Shanghai  will  have  a 
fair  share  in  the  imports  of  the  south 
Asia  field  next  season.  The  Japanese 
mills  are  short  of  wheat  and  have 
been  buying  Australian  grain  to  mix 
with  the  Manchurian,  Korean,  and 
Japanese  supplies,  but  it  is  possible 
that  the  Japanese  mills,  too,  will  come 
into  this  market  during  the  coming 
year. 

At  present  the  chief  source  of  good 
flour  is  Australia,  where  the  Govern- 


ment is  now  permitting  exports  and 
whence  the  supply  is  limited  only  by 
available  tonnage.  Regular  service 
between  Australia  and  Hongkong  is, 
at  this  time,  limited  to  five  steamers 
of  comparatively  small  capacity,  but 
it  is  probable  that  tramp  tonnage  will 
be  available  during  1919 

The  1918  trade  was  particularly  dis- 
couraging, the  total  imports  amount- 
ing to  only  706,509  bags  as  compared 
with  1,072,089  bags  in  1917,  1,604,033 
bags  in  1916,  2,075,129  bags  in  1915, 
3,939,754  bags  in  1914,  and  5,176,623 
bags  in  1913  and  similarly  large  im- 
ports in  pre-war  years.  Of  the  im- 
ports the  past  year  Australia  fur- 
nished 342,009  bags,  North  China, 
322,000;  and  Japan,  42,500  bags. 
These  figures  indicate  that  flour  was 
imported  almost  wholly  for  the  for- 
eign population,  and  that  the  price 
was  much  too  high  for  any  very  ma- 
terial consumption  by  the  Chinese. 
Prices  ranged  very  high  indeed  for 
this  market,  and  had  stocks  from 
Australia  not  been  forthcoming  the 
field  faced  a  very  serious  situation. 

North  China,  too,  was  short  of 
wheat  and  flour,  no  supplies  were 
available  from  Australia  o  r  the 
United  States,  and  the  field  depended 
almost  entirely  upon  Japan.  The 
comparatively  large  imports  from 
that  country,  which  dominated  the 
1917  market,  continued  into  1918,  but 
in  February  the  Japanese  Govern- 
ment placed  an  embargo  on  further 
shipments  except  under  special 
license. 

Europe    also    came    into    the    Far 


HOW  PACIFIC  PORTS  ARE  OFFICIALLY  RATED 


PORT 


(LASS  "A" 

Los    Angeles,    Cal 

San    Francisco     Cal 

Portland,    Ore 

Tacoma,    Wash 

Seattle,    Wash.    

CLASS  "11" 

San     Dlegro,    Cal 

Astoria,   Ore 

Everett,    Wash 

CLASS    "C 

Port     I. on    Angeles,    Cal 

Santa   Ilarhara,   Cal 

San   Luis   Ohlspo,   Cal.    . 

Oakland.     Cal 

.Monterey,    Cal .. 

CLASS "D" 

San    Pablo   Bay,   Cal.    ... 

Coos     Bay,     Ore 

Grays  Harbor,  Wash.  ... 
Wlllapa  Bay,  Wash.  ... 
Port  Gamble,  Wash.  ... 
Port    Madison,   Wash.    ... 


Mean 
Tidal 
Water 


29 
35 
26 


Mean 
Tidal 

ItillllM- 


Feet 


5.8 

5.77 

7.5 


.Mean 
Hiith 
Water 


Feet 


84.8 
40.7 


7.5  33.5 

Deep  enonKh  for  any  draft. 
Deep  enough  for  any  draft. 


33.5 

34 

26 


33 
25 
27 
30 
24 


30 

18 

22 

26.5 

24 

12 


5.5 

8.0 

15.0 


3.75 

3.5 

3.75 

0.3 

4.0 


«.»2 

0.4 

9.1 

6.25 
11.75 
13.0 


39.0 
42.0 
41.0 


3«.7.'» 

28.5 

30.75 

36.3 

28.0 


30.02 

24.4 

31.1 

32.75 

35.75 

25.0 


DR.    PIXG-WEN    KUO 
NOTED   CHINESE   EDUCATOR 

AMONG  recent  arrivals  i  n  San 
Francisco  were  Dr.  Ping-wen 
Kuo,  president  of  the  National  Higher 
Normal  College  in  Nanking,  and  Dr. 
L.  K.  Tao,  professor  of  the  Chinese 
government  university  at  Peking. 

Kuo  and  Tao  are  members  of  a  Chi- 
nese educational  mission  to  the  United 
States  and  Europe,  the  forerunner  of 
a  great  mission  which  will  reach  here 
next  September,  which  will  number 
about  twenty  of  the  leading  educators 
of  modern  China,  the  largest  of  its 
kind  that  has  ever  come  to  the  United 
States. 

Professors  Tao  and  Kuo  will  join 
Professor  S.  T.  Li  in  Paris  and  with 
the  Chinese  delegation  to  the  peace 
conference  will  do  the  preliminary 
work  of  a  nation-wide  campaign  of 
education  soon  to  be  launched  in 
China. 

Eastern  flour  market  for  the  first 
time  in  history,  and,  whereas  in  nor- 
mal years  this  part  of  the  world  im- 
ports flour  to  the  extent  of  many  mil- 
lions of  bags  annually,  the  past  year 
witnessed  considerable  export  flour  to 
Europe,  which  represented  eastern 
grain  and  eastern  manufacture. 

Japanese  flour  sold  in  Hongkong 
market  early  in  the  year  at  $2.65 
local  currency,  or  1.88  gold  per  bag, 
but  after  the  European  shipments  be- 
gan the  price  rose  to  as  high  as  $3.70 
local  currency,  or  $2.62  gold  per  bag. 
As  consumption,  except  for  purely 
foreign  use,  stopped  at  such  prices, 
considerable  quantities  of  this  high- 
price  flour  was  left  on  the  hands  of 
importers- 


264 


/'  «  n  P  a  e  i  f  i 


UNITED     STATES     FOR     PEACE 


FOREIGN  countries  may  rest  assured  that  the  United 
States  will  never  be  jealous  of  their  achievements 
in  the  peaceful  activities  of  life.  They  may  take  it  for 
granted  that  this  country  regards  with  complacency  the 
honest  efforts  of  every  race  to  express  the  best  that  is 
in  them  to  suppress  the  ignoble  impulses  which  spring 
from  jealousy  and  hate. 

And  it  goes  without  saying  that  the  best  people  in 
the  United  States  have  little  sympathy  with  any  scheme 
that  organized  rapacity  may  inaugurate  to  exploit  the 
resources  of  alien  races  in  order  that  the  greedy  and  the 
crafty  may  absorb  the  riches  of  the  earth. 

Nothing  ever  came  out  of  such  a  system  of  propagated 
blindness  but  misery  and  poverty  and  universal  blood 
shed.  No  inheritance  descends  from  such  a  delirious 
disregard  of  decency  but  taxation,  destitution  and  uni- 
versal debt. 

The  war  just  witnessed,  with  all  its  agonizing  creations 
of  annihilating  horror,  should  settle  these  questions  in 
the  minds  of  all  but  cannibals  and  selfish  vultures  who 
masquerade  as  men.  And,  while  the  agitations  of  the 
human  breast,  like  the  fury  of  an  agitated  sea,  may 
require  a  time  to  sink  into  repose,  tranquillity  will  ulti- 
mately follow  to  suggest  a  brighter  and  happier  moment 
in  human  life  and  international  conduct. 

The  President  of  the  United  States  has  just  spoken 
on  this  subject  to  the  petulant  politician  who  would  re- 
vive race-hatred  in  the  State  of  California.  Naturally 
he  has  denounced  the  cheap,  ignoble  scheme.  And 
naturally  it  brings  into  prominence  a  local  political  situ- 
ation that  reveals  the  blindness  of  the  average  Lilliputian 
who  presumes  to  play  the  game  of  politics. 

A  United  States  Senator  whose  term  of  office  is  about 
to  expire  may  assume  that  because  the  Japanese  have 
no  vote  it  will  please  the  "labor  vote"  to  take  a  wollop 
at  the  enterprising  Japanese.  An  obscure  State  legis- 
lator attempts  to  "play  the  game"  by  introducing  a  bill 
antagonistic  to  that  race.  An  inventive  romancer  "dis- 
covers" a  Japanese  colonizing  scheme  on  the  arid  sands 
of  Mexico,  where  a  lizard  can't  exist,  and  forthwith  in- 
vokes the  aid  of  our  Federal  Government  to  make  the 
comedy  seem  real. 

The  net  result  of  all  this  theatrical  display  of  race- 
hostility  is  to  elicit  from  the  President  a  very  stern  re- 
buke and  from  the  "labor"  vote  a  smile  of  understanding 
that  another  candidate  may  recognize  as  the  sign-manual 
of  approaching  favor  and  support. 

This  other  candidate  is  "playing"  the  soldier  "game" 
with  as  promising  a  blare  of  trumpets  as  the  blare  itself 
is  destitute  of  practical  results  so  far  as  the  soldier  is 
concerned.  The  difference  between  these  candidates  is 
in  the  quality  of  solicitude  and  the  character  of  that 
"smile."    In  America  it  is  known  as  the  Francis  Heney 


"smile."  The  celebrated  Doctor  Fowler  has  supplemented 
Lavater  in  defining  its  significance  for  the  benefit  of  those 
who  are  interested  in  the  cryptic  meaning  of  a  politician's 
smile.  It  is  a  sort  of  universal  language  that  even  a 
Chinese  "voter"  may  readily  translate.  And  it  must  be 
very  interesting  to  the  Governor  of  California  who  may 
doubtless  be  influenced  by  its  manifest  suggestions  of 
Senatorial  honors  awaiting  a  prudent  patience  in  the 
shadow  of  a  smile. 

The  Governor,  like  the  President  and  William  Howard 
Taft,  has  little  use  for  fomented  racial  hatred.  In  this 
he  is  very  wise.  The  people  of  America  understand  the 
politician  and  they  prefer  an  age  of  peace  to  one  of  a 
stipulated  race  hatred. 

*  *  *  * 

OUR  LITTLE  PRESENT  TO  NEW  YORK 


T 


HE  fact  that  Oriental  trade  is  being  diverted  to 
New  York  from  San  Francisco  and  other  Pacific 
Coast  Ports  is  significant  of  many  things. 

Either  Pacific  coast  importers  and  exporters  are  asleep 
at  the  switch ;  or  Pacific  coast  bankers  are  indifferent  to 
their  own  interests,  preferring  to  let  New  York  banks  do 
the  advertising  in  the  Orient  rather  than  make  a  bid  for 
the  business  themselves;  or  the  East  has  a  keener  ap- 
preciation of  the  value  of  Oriental  commerce  than  we 
have  ourselves. 

The  mere  item  of  $1,800,000,000  in  Pan  Pacific  com- 
merce that  has  been  developed  in  California  and  Wash- 
ington during  the  past  year  may  not  mean  much  to  an 
over  rich  body  of  foreign  traders  on  the  Pacific  coast ; 
but  it  does  have  an  attraction  for  our  New  York  friends. 
They  are  out  gunning  for  that  business.  At  the  present 
time  they  are  quietly  absorbing  about  $5,000,000  a  month 
that  should  come  to  the  Pacific  coast.  This  is  not  much  in 
figures, — only  a  little  more  than  some  of  our  Pacific  coast 
ports  develop  in  a  whole  year.  But  the  significant  fact  is 
this:  that  commerce  once  given  a  certain  direction  keeps 
on  going  that  way  with  increasing  volume  and  rapidity 
until,  like  a  suction  dredge,  it  draws  everything  of  a  dis- 
tributive character  into  its  capacious  maw. 

It  is  hardly  necessary  to  comment  on  such  a  condition. 
It  speaks  for  itself.  It  furnishes  a  voluminous  commen- 
tary upon  the  difference  between  business  sagacity  and 
the  doctrine  of  lassaie  faire.  It  also  contains  important 
lessons  upon  international  civility  which  western  poli- 
ticians should  study.  For  it  goes  without  saying  that  the 
ill-concieved,  cheap,  and  altogether  asinine  playing  to 
the  grand-stand  for  the  benefit  of  the  "labor  vote"  and  in 
misrepresentation  of  the  Japanese,  has  been  at  the  bottom 
of  Japan's  disinclination  to  develop  trade  with  communi- 
ties in  which  she  is  so  egregiously  calumniated.  The 
result  is  that  the  big  Japanese  trade  goes  to  New  York 


May,     19  19 


265 


NOT     STIPULATED     RACE-HATRED 


where  the  Japanese  are  respected  and  treated  right.  And 
a  further  result  will  be  that  by  this  cheap  political  clap- 
trap, the  constituents  of  those  ribald  politicians,  "labor" 
itself  will  be  denied  the  advantages  which  comes  from 
snappy  conditions,  while  bankers,  business  men  and  the 
community  in  general  will  be  constantly  sustaining  an 
increasing  and  monumental  loss. 

Doesn't  it  seem  about  time  for  the  Pacific  coast  to  re- 
veal the  real  traits  of  American  citizenship  instead  of  the 
spurious  characteristics  of  imported  prejudice?  Isn't  it 
about  time  for  the  Pacific  Coast  to  let  the  Orient  know 
that  there  are  banking  facilities  and  business  houses 
here  capable  of  responding  to  the  heaviest  demands  of 
international  trade?  It  seems  so  to  us;  but  it  can't  be 
done  on  the  Rip  Van  Winkle  order  of  business. 

*  4*  ♦  4 

WHAT  PAN  PACIFIC  COMMERCE 
MEANS   TO   AMERICA 

AS  early  as  February  this  magazine  informed  the 
world  how  trade  with  Russia  could  be  developed. 
In  our  leading  article  it  was  stated  that  local  Siberian 
Governments  would  support  the  credits  necessary  to  sus- 
tain its  imports  from  America;  we  also  pointed  out  the 
necessity  of  reorganizing  the  finances  of  China  if  we 
wished  to  maintain  the  position  we  had  acquired  dur- 
ing the  war. 

These  predictions  of  Pan  Pacific  are  all  coming  true: 
The  Omsk  Government  has  just  authorized  a  loan  of 
4,000,000  Rbs.  to  the  Bodaibo  Railway,  2,000,000  Rbs.  to 
the  Altai  Railway,  1,000,000  Rbs.  to  the  Bogoslof  Rail- 
way, and  300,000  to  the  Kulundin  Railway  for  the  purpose 
of  restoring  the  communications  between  the  congested 
harbor  of  Vladivostok  and  interior  points.  As  a  matter 
of  fact  there  were  over  130,000  short  tons  piled  up  at 
Vladivostok  at  the  beginning  of  the  year.  There  was 
machinery,  copra,  rubber,  chemicals,  coffee,  cocoa,  tea, 
tanning  materials,  textiles,  sugar,  drugs,  medicines,  soap, 
railway  materials  and  many  other  things  for  tranship- 
ment to  regions  this  side  of  the  Urals. 

In  China  progress  is  now  being  made  in  stabilizing  the 
currency.  America  is  taking  the  lead  in  making  the 
necessary  loan  which  will  enable  China  to  make  its  pur- 
chases direct  from  this  country  instead  of  through  the 
middle-man  as  in  pre-war  times.  In  this  program,  as 
recommended  by  Pan  Pacific  many  months  ago,  the 
American  banker  is  taking  the  lead  and  we  will  doubtless 
make  our  investments  and  loans  of  such  a  permanent 
character  as  to  guarantee  the  stability  of  our  export 
market  in  the  future. 

The  value  of  this  market  to  the  American  trader  can 
not  be  over-estimated.    Our  Asiatic  imports  for  1918 


were  34%  of  all  our  imports.  Our  exports  to  the  Orient 
equalled  one  third  of  all  we  exported  in  1918;  and  we 
furnished  the  Orient  a  tenth  of  its  entire  purchases  from 
foreign  countries,  while  of  our  combined  trade,  both  im- 
ports and  exports,  18%  was  Oriental.  On  closer  inspec- 
tion we  find  that  the  Orient  furnished  us  three  times 
more  than  the  Latin- American  Republics  and  bought  over 
twice  more  than  our  neighbors  to  the  south  in  1918. 

The  importance  of  holding  this  trade  does  not  need  to 
be  stressed.  Only  in  one  way,  however,  can  it  be  held. 
That  is  by  American  loans  as  we  have  already  recom- 
mended. It  may  be  that  trade  follows  the  flag;  but 
without  permanent  loans  trade  will  never  accompany  the 
flag  which  is  the  important  thing.  So  after  all,  it  is  up 
to  our  investment  bankers  to  reveal  their  capacity  to  do 
a  great  and  patriotic  service  for  their  country  in  this  very 
important  hour ;  for  Pan  Pacific  trade  constitutes  the  dif- 
ference between  an  age  of  prosperity  and  one  of  indus- 
trial death. 

*  *  *  * 

PIONEERS  AND  FOLLOWERS 

THE  GOOD  WILL  which  has  been  established  by  Pan 
Pacific  throughout  the  world  is  the  source  of  con- 
siderable pride  to  the  publishers  of  this  Magazine.  This 
good  will  has  been  illustrated  in  the  many  warm  com- 
mendations from  foreign  readers,  subscribers  and  patrons 
in  every  part  of  the  habitable  globe. 

Foreign  Governments  have  come  to  recognize  Pan 
Pacific  as  an  honest  exponent  of  American  ideals  and  as 
a  safe  advisor  upon  diplomatic  and  commercial  policies 
in  all  Pan  Pacific  lands ;  they  have  signified  their  appreci- 
ation of  this  singular  position  of  Pan  Pacific  by  a  free 
and  open  use  of  its  columns,  to  reveal  their  position  upon 
the  great  problems  of  the  day,  as  well  as  to  disclose  the 
the  attitude  of  their  countrymen  toward  the  commercial 
principles  hereafter  to  be  pursued. 

In  every  instance  they  have  adopted  the  policies  first 
enunciated  by  and  in  Pan  Pacific  as  the  only  policies  that 
should  be  perpetuated  in  the  interest  of  permanent  and 
universal  peace;  and  these  indorsements  indicate  how 
well  the  philosophy  of  honesty  and  business  decency  har- 
monizes with  the  spirit  of  the  day. 

But  there  is  another  thing  which  causes  the  publishers 
of  Pan  Pacific  considerable  satisfaction:  it  was  first  to 
take  a  stand  on  a  number  of  international  and  domestic 
problems  that  other  publications  seemed  afraid  to  tackle. 
But,  one  after  another,  from  the  Saturday  Evening  Post 
all  along  the  line,  they  are  now  adopting  the  policies  Pan 
Pacific  has  pioneered,  months  and  months  ago. 

It  is  all  very  well  and  our  advertisers  are  entitled  to 
much  credit  for  making  this  thing  possible. 


266 


Pan     Pacific 


THE    EXPORT    MERCHANT 
INSTIGATOR    OF    TRADE 


By  DOUGLAS  ERSKINE 


THE  Export  Merchant  is  an  im- 
portant factor  in  foreign  trade. 
He  is  an  instigator  and  promotor  of 
business  in  commodities  and  manu- 
factures and  it  is  through  his  efforts 
that  many  markets  abroad  are  opened 
up  to  the  producers  of  the  United 
States. 

In  order  to  keep  in  touch  with  the 
constantly-changing  conditions  in  the 
markets  of  the  world  he  has  to  main- 
tain eternal  vigilance.  In  addition  to 
this  he  has  to  maintain  close  contact 
with  factory  representatives  and 
producers  of  commodities  in  the  home 
country  and  be  well  posted  on  the 
ever-changing  rates  of  ocean  trans- 
portation. In  other  words  he  must 
be  in  a  position  to  render  the  best 
service  not  only  to  the  foreign  buyer 
but  also  to  the  home  manufacturer 
or  producer  whose  goods  are  to  be 
disposed  of  abroad. 

Must    Be    Well    Posted 
On   All  Formalities 

It  is  essential  that  he  should  be 
fully  posted  and  up  to  date  on  the 
formalities  required  by  consular  and 
custom  house  laws  of  all  countries. 
He  must  be  prepared  to  handle  the 
many  details  connected  with  the 
preparation  of  shipping  documents  so 
that  the  laws  of  foreign  countries 
may  be  strictly  complied  with  and 
also  that  the  merchant  receiving  the 
goods  may  be  able  from  his  docu- 
ments to  identify  each  separate  com- 
ponent part  of  his  shipment  without 
having  to  go  to  the  trouble  of  per- 
sonally overhauling  the  contents  of 
the  packages  comprised  in  the  ship- 
ment. As  irregularity  in  documents 
is  quite  a  serious  offence  in  some 
countries,  the  correct  preparation  of 
documents  will  in  most  cases  save  the 
consignee  from  serious  trouble  and 
inconvenience,  and  frequently  from 
severe  fines. 

When  the  Export  Merchant  pur- 
chases goods  on  his  own  account  and 
sells  them  in  foreign  markets  he  has 
to  finance  the  purchases,  which  at 
times  involves  the  outlay  of  large 
sums,  in  addition  to  which  he  has 
the  disbursements  for  freight  and 
shipping  charges.  As  most  foreign 
buyers  expect  extended  credit  the 
matter  of  handling  the  financial  end 
of  a  big  foreign  sale  is  a  matter  re- 
quiring   considerable    standing    and 


ability  on  the  part  of  the  Export 
Merchant. 

When  the  Export  Merchant  has 
paid  for  the  goods  shipped  and  is 
waiting  for  the  financial  returns  from 
abroad  he  is  in  the  position  of  a 
banker  who  has  advanced  money  to  a 
client  and  the  merchant's  care  in  ex- 
tending credit  to  foreign  houses  must 
be  exercised  with  the  same  wide  view 
of  possibilities  that  the  banker  takes 
when  he  makes  a  loan. 

When  the  Merchant  acts  as  a  pur- 
chaser on  commission  for  his  clients 
abroad  he  undertakes  the  dual  role  of 
the  representative  of  the  foreigner  in 
this  country  and  of  the  home  manu- 
facturer or  the  producer  abroad. 
Both  principals  in  the  transaction  re- 
ceive the  benefit  of  the  export  mer- 
chants long  experience  and  study  of 
foreign  markets.  The  manufacturer 
or  producer  has  the  satisfaction  of 
knowing  that  he  is  delivering  his 
goods  into  the  hands  of  a  responsible 
concern  while  the  foreign  merchant 
feels  that  his  interest  in  the  country 
of  purchase  is  being  protected  by  a 
firm  in  which  he  has  confidence.  The 
export  merchant  therefore  provides 
that  feeling  of  security  at  both  ends 
which  makes  foreign  trading  trans- 
actions satisfactory  to  the  seller  and 
the  purchaser. 

Under  Another  Plan 
Factory  Is  Relieved 

At  times  the  Export  Merchant 
makes  an  arrangement  with  a  factory 
whereby  he  handles  its  products  and 
delivers  the  goods  without  extra 
charge  for  his  services  to  the  custo- 
mer abroad.  Under  this  arrange- 
ment the  factory  is  relieved  of  all 
the  details  of  selling  abroad  and  in- 
cluded in  its  price  the  compensation 
given  to  the  Export  Merchant  for  at- 
tending to  the  multifarious  details 
that  accompany  the  handling  of  goods 
for  export  from  the  time  they  leave 
the  factory  until  they  are  delivered 
to  the  foreign  customer. 

These  are  the  methods  most  com- 
monly in  vogue  among  export  mer- 
chants but  they  do  not  by  any  means 
exhaust  the  possibilities  of  service 
which  are  rendered  by  export  mer- 
chants to  sellers  and  buyers.  Special 
circumstances  are  continually  arising 
under  which  either  the  buyer  or  seller 
or  both  turn  to  the  export  merchant 
for  aid  in  solving  problems  that  may 
be  new  in  their  experience  but  which 
have  most  likely  been  previously  en- 
countered by  the  merchant,  whose 
experience  has  been  varied. 


The  export  merchant,  despite  his 
keen  and  watchful  attitude  towards 
all  branches  of  business  which  may  be 
connected,  even  remotely,  with  his 
business,  will  occasionally  find  himself 
with  stocks  of  commodities  and  man- 
ufactured goods  in  his  possession  for 
which  he  may  find  difficulty  in  secur- 
ing shipping  space.  Under  circum- 
stances such  as  these  the  merchant 
finds  himself  with  considerable  capi- 
tal tied  up  and  also  bearing  the  carry- 
ing charges  which  accrue  on  goods  in 
storage.  He  is  also  called  upon  to 
face  the  critical  times  which  invari- 
ably follow  upheavels  arising  from 
natural,  political  or  commercial  dis- 
asters. Such  disasters,  being  gener- 
ally unforseeable,  are  a  constant 
menace  and,  almost  without  excep- 
tion, result  in  serious  financial  losses 
to  the  merchant. 

May   Not   Appreciate 
Worth    of    Merchant 

The  manufacturers  and  sellers  of 
commodities  do  not  always  regard  the 
export  merchant  as  their  friend. 
Overlooking  the  fact  that  the  mer- 
chant by  paying  cash  for  the  goods, 
safeguards  the  manufacturer  or  pro- 
ducer and  stands  between  him  and 
the  worry  and  risk  of  a  transaction 
with  a  customer  thousands  of  miles 
away,  they  see  only  the  profit  which 
the  export  merchant  takes  for  his 
work  and  risk  and  figure  how  this 
can  b  e  diverted  into  their  own 
pockets.  It  is  seldom  that  a  manu- 
facturing concern  finds  it  profitable 
to  maintain  abroad  a  selling  organiz- 
ation which  can  render  the  same  ser- 
vice as  that  of  the  well-equipped  or- 
ganizations maintained  by  export 
merchants  of  high  class. 

Although  export  merchants  are 
generally  supposed  to  make  a  liberal 
margin  on  transactions  conducted  by 
them  this  is  not  the  case,  and  many 
domestic  merchants  would  be  greatly 
surprised  to  find  how  small  is  the  av- 
erage percentage  of  gain  made  by  an 
export  merchant.  It  is  only  by  hand- 
ling a  big  turn-over  that  a  merchant 
can  place  the  right  side  of  his  profit 
and  loss  account  in  a  position  to  offset 
the  many  contingencies  that  arise  in 
foreign  trade,  including  the  inevitable 
bad  debts  which  will  creep  in  no  mat- 
ter how  carefully  the  credit  man  may 
scrutinize  the  standing  of  customers. 

Export  Merchants  have  been  an  in- 
stitution of  high  standing  in  all  com- 
mercial countries  for  centuries.  To 
them  is  due  in  great  measures  the 
wonderful  expansion  o  f  business 
throughout  the  world.  The  export 
houses  of  Great  Britain  have  been 
great  factors  in  building  up  the  enor- 
mous foreign  trade  which  is  one  of 
the  bulwarks  of  that  Nation  and  one 
of  its  greatest  sources  of  revenue. 


May,     19  19 


267 


yho>Whd  **ft* 


A  Real  Californian 


o 


SCAR   C.   MUELLER  was  born 
Colorado    but    he's    a    Cali- 


rn 


fornian  by  choice.  He's  a  real  Cali- 
fornian in  that  all  his  hopes  and  as- 
pirations are  centered  in  this  State 
and  he  has  given  and  is  giving  practi- 
cal service  in  advancing  the  interests 
of  the  State. 

Though  he  happens  to  reside  in  Los 
Angeles  he  believes  in  the  future  of 
all  California  and  for  that  matter  of 
all  the  Pacific  Coast.  He  sees  in  Pan- 
Pacific  trade  the  greatest  asset  for 
California  and  for  this  coast  and  his 
efforts  to  bring  about  a  cordial  un- 
derstanding between  foreign  traders 
of  Los  Angeles  and  San  Francisco 
have  gone  a  long  way  toward  im- 
proved team-work  in  the  interests  of 
both  ports  and  of  the  coast. 

The  son  of  Otto  Mueller,  the  latter 
a  merchant  and  native  of  Ohio,  Oscar 
C.  has  resided  in  Los  Angeles  for 
thirty-nine  years.  For  twenty  years 
he  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law, 
retiring  temporarily  in  1918  to  de- 
vote his  whole  time  and  attention  to 
the  office  of  President  of  the  Los 
Angeles  Chamber  of  Commerce  to 
which  he  had  just  been  elected. 

That  illustrates  the  character  of 
the  man.  When  he  takes  hold  of  a 
job  he  makes  it  the  most  important 
in  the  world  for  him  while  he's  on  it. 
As  chief  executive  of  the  Southern 
Chamber  o  f  Commerce  h  e  made 
things  hum  from  the  moment  of  his 
induction. 

He  discovered  that  enough  atten- 
tion was  not  being  directed  to  for- 
eign trade  The  magnificent  and 
costly  port  of  San  Pedro  was  almost 
idle  insofar  as  overseas  commerce 
was  concerned.  He  conceived  the 
idea  of  making  that  port  known 
throughout  the  world,  o  f  bringing 
ships  there  from  every  sea  and  of 
shipping  California  products  thence 
to  all  ports  of  the  Pacific. 

The  first  thing  he  did  was  to  re- 
organize the  foreign  trade  depart- 
ment of  the  Chamber,  bringing  in  ex- 
perts in  various  lines  of  export  trade 
from  other  places,  even  from  San 
Francisco.  Then  he  organized  the 
Foreign  Trade  Club  in  affiliation  with 


OSCAR    C.    MUELLER 


the  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  with- 
in a  year  the  new  body  had  a  thou- 
sand members.  He  vitalized  every 
movement  in  which  he  became  in- 
terested and  soon  he  had  every  live 
merchant  in  Los  Angeles  discovering 
foreign  trade  possibilities  and  plan- 
ning the  building  of  factories  to  turn 
possibilities  into  certainties. 

Besides  these  activities,  Oscar  C. 
Mueller  has  been  president  of  the  Los 
Angeles  Bar  Association  and  in  1917 
was  vice-president  of  the  California 
Bar  Association,  sacrificing  his  op- 
portunity to  become  president  of  the 
latter  organization   in  order  to  de- 


vote  his  time  to  the  Los   Angeles 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  as  stated. 

Mr.  Mueller  is  married  and  has  one 
child,  Douglas,  aged  seventeen  years. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  California, 
Jonathan,  Los  Angeles  Athletic  and 
Los  Angeles  Country  clubs.  Though 
frequently  spoken  of  for  public  office 
he  has  no  political  ambitions,  being 
content  to  serve  the  people  in  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  and  Bar  Association 
work.  His  greatest  expressed  desire 
is  to  see  all  the  products  of  California 
fields  and  factories  shipped  through 
California  ports  to  all  parts  of  the 
world. 


268 


Pan     Pacific 


REMOVING 

THE  RISK 

FROM 

BUYING 

By  J.  H.  GOSLINER 

Inspector  R.  E.  Noble  &  Co., 

Inspecting  Engineers 

JOHN  JONES,  Ltd.,  "Somewhere 
Abroad,"  finds  it  necessary  to 
construct  several  miles  of  railroad, 
many  buildings,  and  to  expend  large 
sums  of  money  for  the  purchase  of 
equipment  t  o  further  the  rapidly 
growing  business  requiring  a  large 
expenditure.  Jones  takes  "pen  in 
hand"  and  sends  forth  many  orders, 
each  one  a  co-ordinate  part  of  the 
whole.  Some  time  later  he  is  the 
happy  recipient  of  his  order. 

"Fine !"  you  say ;  why,  all  that  was 
required  was  for  Jones  to  make  lists 
of  materials,  place  these  orders  with 
reliable  firms  and  upon  the  arrival  of 
his  merchandise  proceed  with  the  task 
at  hand.  Fine  indeed,  but  for  Jones 
a  multiplicity  of  troubles  has  just 
begun. 

Often  this  is  what  will  happen: 

Influenced  by  the  fact  that  the 
houses  who  were  honored  with  his 
commissions  have  previously  given 
perfect  service,  and  confident  that 
there  would  be  a  repetition  of  this 
service,  Jones  naturally  assumed  that 
his  specified  12  gauge  plate  would  be 
received  exactly  a  s  ordered.  But, 
through  a  pyramiding  of  errors  in 
quantities,  dimensions,  etc.  Jones  is 
forced  to  indefinite  delays  in  making 
long  distance  adjustments  and  wait- 
ing on  long  distance  shipments. 

So  from  the  time  of  order  writing 
to  order  receiving,  several  months  are 


1 

•   IB** 

^^Ajk. .-.                                                         ^^H 

.  ,,.,^, 

1  #4  *jj 

0                ^M 

>™  ir.~  „W               ^^H1P*"V'.  Wt     -jhI 

M  KB!!                                                 m 

■k                                                                                         ad 

IXSPKCTEH  RELAY   RAIL  LOADED   ON   CAR   FOR   SHIPJIEXT  TO    DOCK 


consumed  and  now  through  an  error 
or  series  of  errors,  Jones  is  con- 
fronted with  the  problem  of  waiting 
until  blunders  can  be  untangled  and 
remedial  measures  effected. 

Several  firms  may  have  shared  in 
these  orders  and  of  these,  one  firm 
alone  can  and  has  worked  havoc  with 
the  calculated  plans  of  many  John 
Jones's,  setting  back  the  purchaser  in 
both  time  and  money. 

An  unintentional  error  on  the  part 
of  the  seller  has  caused  delay,  finan- 
cial loss,  ill  feeling,  and  an  intangible 
distrust  between  buyer  and  seller. 
After  one  or  two  such  experiences  our 
buyer  believes  that  the  term  "Caveat 
Emptor"  was  coined  for  his  express 
benefit. 

On  the  other  hand  we  must  have 
consideration  for  the  seller,  for  he 
too  may  have  his  tale  of  woe. 

Often  the  purchaser  is  not  of  the 
business  caliber  of  John  Jones,  Ltd. 
This  is  even  more  conducive  to  cir- 
cumspection in  caring  for  the  orders 
of  the  smaller  client;  for  it  is  safe 
to  assume  that  the  failure  of  the  sel- 
ler  to   meet   his   obligations,   might 


fltllXUXSL 


RELAY    RAIL    PROPERLY    PILED    FOR    INSPECTION 


cause  the  smaller  parties  to  suffer  a 
harsh  financial  blow. 

Fortunately,  many  far  seeing  firms 
in  South  America  and  the  Orient  who 
have  no  establishments  in  the  United 
States  are  "Removing  the  Risk  From 
Buying"  by  availing  themselves  of 
the  protection  offered  by  "Inspection  " 

As  the  great  majority  of  exporters 
in  the  United  States  with  foreign  con- 
nections, utilize  the  inspection  service 
this  article  is  primarily  written  for 
those  organizations  abroad  who  are 
unaware  of  the  protection  of  inspec- 
tion with  its  aims  and  accomplish- 
ments. 

There  are  several  inspection  firms 
in  existance,  and  the  tale  of  one  is  the 
story  of  all. 

The  "Protection  of  Inspection"  con- 
sists of  entrusting  the  supervision  of 
purchases  to  reliable  inspection  firms, 
who  operate  upon  the  basic  principle 
of  having  qualified  and  experienced 
persons  see  that  the  particular  pur- 
chase is  in  strict  accordance  with 
specifications,  that  substitutions  are 
not  effected,  that  shipments  are 
properly  marked  and  expedited,  and 
that  goods  are  cased  to  withstand 
rough  handling  in  transit,  this  last 
minimizing  the  danger  of  damages 
with  resultant  troubles. 

The  inspectors,  in  their  respective 
lines,  are  familiar  with  the  manu- 
facturing practice  as  well  as  the  re- 
quirements of  the  finished  product 
and  able  to  appreciate  the  view  point 
of  either  of  the  contracting  parties. 

Friction  between  the  inspection 
representative  and  the  seller  is  rare 
for  those  submitting  merchandise 
realize  that  they  are  also  being  safe- 
guarded, for  the  loss  o  f  possible 
future    business    has    been    often 


May,    1919 

averted  by  the  observance  of  errors  in 
their  incipiency. 

An  Australian  importer  had  placed 
an  order  for  a  large  amount  of  ex- 
ceedingly valuable  alloy.  The  inspec- 
tor found  the  material  had  been  cased 
and  marked  for  shipment.  Under 
his  instructions  the  cases  were  opened 
with  the  following  result:  A  part  of 
the  contents  consisted  of  the  specified 
alloy  and  the  balance  of  printers'  lino- 
type metal.  Investigation  revealed 
that  the  order  had  been  filled  by  a 
man  who  had  been  in  the  employ  of 
the  firm  for  less  than  one  week.  In 
filling  the  order  he  had  mixed  the 
two  metals  because  of  the  similarity 
of  color  and  weights. 

In  a  certain  case  the  seller  was 
saved  a  considerable  expense  by  the 
discovery  of  a  minor  difference  in  the 
marking  of  the  labels  on  an  order  of 
canned  goods  A  two  dollar  grade 
had  been  ordered  and  approximately 
40%  of  the  order  had  been  filled  with 
a  $2.60  grade. 

A  man  of  unquestionable  integrity 
but  without  technical  knowledge  of 
rail  was  preparing  to  fill  an  order  of 
50  lb.  A.  S.  C.  E.  Section  Rail  with  a 
54  lb.  obsolete  Section.  It  required  an 
actual  demonstration  to  convince  him 
that  these  rails  were  not  50  pound, 
and  that  they  could  not  be  used  in  a 
50  pound  track.  One  can  easily  real- 
ize the  financial  loss  and  trouble 
which  would  have  occured  if  this  ma- 

giiiiiiiiiiimiiniiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinniiniiiiinmn 


terial  had  been  shipped  to  the  Orient. 

A  government  ordered  12-pound 
woolen  blankets  specified  to  be  like 
a  sample  which  had  been  submitted. 
On  examination  the  order  proved 
satisfactory  excepting  in  one  minor 
detail.  There  appeared  to  be  a  slight 
difference  in  the  spring  and  life  of 
the  materials.  Investigation  in  the 
laboratory  proved  that  the  sample 
was  60%  wool  and  40%  cotton  while 
the  order  was  41%  wool  and  59% 
cotton. 

One  of  the  most  important  sav- 
ings accomplished  by  inspection  is 
the  education  of  the  manufacturer  in 
proper  methods  of  packing  for  ocean 
shipments. 

Experience  has  proved  that  errors 
which  have  been  revealed  by  inspec- 
tion are  seldom  due  to  a  deliberate 
evasion  of  the  contractor  but  to  a 
confusion  in  specifications  and  to  the 
personal  element  introduced  by  the 
workman  who  manufacturers  or  fills 
the  order. 

The  United  States  Government's, 
Department  of  the  Interior,  Naval 
Stores,  Ordnance,  Etc.,  rely  implicitly 
upon  inspection  to  guarantee  their 
purchases.  The  wisdom  of  this 
course  is  borne  out  in  the  occasionally 
published  stories  of  the  attempted 
defrauding  of  this  or  that  branch  of 
the  government.  Underlying  all  such 
exposures  is  the  important  fact  that 
inspection  i  s  a  form  o  f  insurance 

l!llll!l[ll|llll!ll!!!l!l!l[llll'lllll!!lll>iminill!!nil!lllll!l!!l!llllllllllllllll!lllllll!IIIIIIIIIIIlimillll!lllinilllllll|llllinilllllllllli; 


269 

without  which  the  government,  as  an 
efficient  organization,  could  not  exist. 

A  period  of  moral,  intellectual  and 
industrial  welfare  is  dawning  before 
a  world  that  is  emerging  from  a  hid- 
eous nightmare  of  over  four  years  of 
strife,  slaughter  and  suffering.  Peace- 
ful industry  will  again  extend  its 
unsuppressed  activities  with  an  in- 
tensity exceeding  even  the  intensity 
of  the  war  time  activities  of  the  past 
four  years.  Factories  already  work- 
ing at  top  speed  will  attempt  to  ac- 
celerate production  and  while  the  slo- 
gan of  the  manufacturer  will  be  pro- 
duction, that  of  the  buyer  is  quality 
and  the  abnormal  forcing  of  oper- 
ation may  have  a  tendency  to  favor 
the  accomplishment  of  the  first  at 
the  expense  of  the  latter. 

In  view  of  this  contingency  buyers 
should  take  steps  which  will  prevent 
their  falling  heir  to  material  classed 
as  "rejected"  by  the  government  or 
by  inspectors  for  other  purchasers. 

The  engineering  corps  of  all  firms 
engaged  in  commercial  inspection  is 
composed  of  men  trained  in  the  valu- 
able art  of  "knowing"  materials,  ma- 
chinery, and  merchandise,  their  con- 
stant aim  being  to  "REMOVE  THE 
RISK  FROM  BUYING  "  It  is  a  trite 
though  somewhat  aged  axiom  that 
says,  "A  stitch  in  time  save  nine," 
and  just  so  surely  is  it  true  that 
"Inspection  means  Protection." 

i!iii:iui!iiiiiiininiiiiiiiimi!iiiiiiiiiiiiiinin>iiiiiiiiniiiiNiinii!iii!!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiii]iiii!iiiiiiiiuiiiiiii limning 


LANSING    PORTABLE    HOIST 


For  Warehouse,  Wharf  or 
Plantation 

Fills  the  need  for  an  effi- 
cient, economical  hoist. 
Simple  to  operate,  has  few 
wearing  parts,  and  is  easily 
moved  from  place  to  place. 
Fitted  with  water-cooled 
gasoline  engine. 

Write  us  regarding  this  and  other  hoists 
we  manufacture 


Wheelbarrows,    Store    and    Factory  Trucks,    Concrete  Machinery,    Gas  Engines, 
Electric  Trucks  and  Trailers,  Hand  Carts,  Car  Wheels  and  Axles 

WRITE  FOR  CATALOG  UA 


San  Francisco 
U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address 
•QUOLANSING" 

San  Francisco 


270 


Pan     Pacific 


Los  Angeles  Commercial  Activities 


o 


NE  of  the  most  important  in- 
dustrial transactions  recorded 
in  Los  Angeles  during  the  last  year 
was  the  recent  incorporation  o  f 
the  International  Magnesite  Products 
Company,  with  a  capital  of  $250,000. 
The  corporation  was  formed  through 
the  consolidation  of  the  International 
Magnesite  Company  of  Los  Angeles, 
the  Tracy  Brick  &  Art  Stone  Com- 
pany, of  San  Diego  and  the  Pacific 
Refractories  Company,  of  Los  Ange- 
les. The  main  offices  of  the  corpo- 
ration will  be  at  623-625  South  San 
Pedro  street,  in  the  same  building 
with  the  C.  W.  Hill  Chemical  Com- 
pany. 

The  officers  of  the  new  corporation 
are:  Dr.  R.  Schiffman,  Pasadena, 
president;  C.  W.  Hill,  Los  Angeles, 
vice  president;  William  M.  Crouse, 
San  Diego,  secretary;  W.  L.  Hardin, 
Los  Angeles,  treasurer.  The  board 
of  directors  includes  the  officers  and 
E.  Elias  and  J.  Thomas,  both  of  Los 
Angeles. 

Raw  magnesite  will  be  obtained 
from  Santa  Marguerite  Island  and 
will  be  brought  to  the  factories  of  the 
corporation  by  their  own  boats.  The 
International  Magnesite  Company,  of 
which  Dr.  Schiffman  was  president, 
has  been  bringing  the  crude  product 
from  the  island  to  its  plant  for  the 
past  four  years.  It  is  said  that  San 
Marguerite  island  can  furnish  an  al- 
most inexhaustible  supply  of  the  raw 
material,  which  is  said  by  govern- 
ment reports  to  be  the  best  found  in 
America. 

The  crude  product  closely  resembles 
lime,  except  that  it  is  much  heavier 
and  harder.  It  is  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  composition  floors,  stucco 
work  on  buildings,  refractory  bricks 
for  furnace  linings  and  numerous 
other  purposes  for  which  clay  pro- 
ducts or  cement  are  used. 

The  plants  included  in  the  consoli- 
dation are  those  of  the  Tracy  Brick  & 
Art  Stone  Company  at  Chula  Vista, 
valued  at  $118,000;  the  Pacific  Re- 
fractories Company,  Los  Angeles, 
valued  at  $35,000  and  the  Inter- 
national Magnesite  Company  of  Los 
Angeles,  valued  at  $50,000.  To  this 
is  added  a  subscribed  capital  of  $47,- 
000,  making  up  the  total  capitaliz- 
ation of  $250,000. 

Harbor  Bond  Issue 
At  Next  Election 

One  of  the  constructive  enterprises 
that  will  have  a  place  in  the  coming 


election  in  Los  Angeles  is  the  pro- 
posed $4,500,000  Harbor  Bond  issue. 
It  is  believed  that  the  bonds  will  carry 
by  a  large  majority,  as  activity  at 
the  harbor  never  has  been  so  great 
and  the  foreign  trade  movement 
never  so  generally  accepted  as  essen- 
tial to  Southern  California  develop- 
ment. 

The  Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce is  taking  the  lead  in  urging  the 
issuance  of  the  bonds,  as  this  organ- 
ization has  fostered  the  port  improve- 
ments since  the  first  piling  was 
driven. 

When  the  harbor  district  was  taken 
into  the  city  limits,  Los  Angeles 
pledged  itself  to  spend  $10,000,000 
in  development  of  the  water  front. 
Of  this  amount,  $5,500,000  already 
has  been  spent  besides  approximately 
an  equal  amount  by  the  government. 
The  last  Rivers  and  Harbor  bill  pro- 
vides for  the  diversion  of  waters 
from  the  harbor  for  the  widening  of 
the  main  channel  and  for  the  dredg- 
ing of  an  inlet  between  Long  Beach 
and  Bloomington,  involving  a  con- 
siderable expenditure.  Work  is  ex- 
pected to  proceed  rapidly  on  these 
and  it  is  expected  that  the  city  will 
vote  the  $4,500,000  to  complete  other 
contemplated  improvements. 

Situation    Relieved 
By  Government  News 

That  the  government  will  not  throw 
its  large  supply  of  canned  goods  on 
the  open  market  was  the  news  re- 
ceived by  the  Los  Angeles  Chamber 
of  Commerce.  The  government  has 
announced  that  it  will  keep  it  for  its 
own  use. 

This  relieves  the  situation  to  a 
large  extent,  as  it  was  feared  that  the 
huge  supply  of  canned  goods,  a  large 
portion  of  which  came  from  Southern 
California,  would  be  thrown  on  the 
market  in  direct  competition  with  the 
goods  in  general  trade.  Also,  this 
dispels  the  possibilities  o  f  lower 
prices  for  canned  tomatoes,  peas, 
corn,  string  beans  and  other  canned 
vegetables  and,  it  is  asserted,  prob- 
ably will  alter  the  plans  of  growers 
and  marketing  associations. 

In  naming  prices  to  canners  this 
year,  it  is  said,  growers  have  been 
confronted  with  government  holdings 
and  have  had  to  take  into  consider- 
ation the  possibility  of  these  being 
placed  on  the  market. 


Los  Angeles  Is  Selected 
As  Distributing  Point 

Emphasis  was  given  to  advantages 
of  Los  Angeles  as  a  world  distribut- 
ing point  when  recently  the  Ameri- 
can Encaustic  Tiling  Company,  the 
largest  concern  of  its  kind  in  the 
world,  purchased  the  plant  of  the 
West  Coast  Tile  Company,  at  Vernon. 
This  plant  has  been  turning  out  about 
90  per  cent  of  the  white  tile  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  and  has  been  export- 
ing to  the  Orient  and  other  Pacific 
countries. 

In  confirming  the  deal,  Frank  Philo, 
local  manager  for  the  company,  said 
that  before  coming  to  the  Pacific 
Coast,  the  company  had  given  atten- 
tion to  the  possibilities  of  export. 
There  are  unlimited  quantities  of  raw 
clay  products  within  easy  distance  of 
the  harbor,  which  will  allow  for  vast 
development  of  the  export  tile  trade. 


THIRTY-FIVE    YEARS 
OF  PROGRESS 

The  Pacific  Coast,  although  yet  young  in 
industry,  can  boast  of  at  least  one  concern 
that  has  developed  from  a  struggling  in- 
fant to  the  measure  of  an  industrial  giant 
in  a  period  of  thirty-five  years.  This  is  the 
Paraffine  Companies,  Inc.,  the  story  of 
whose  development  from  small  beginning 
in  1884  to  the  present,  is  a  business  ro- 
mance. 

The  Paraffine  Paint  Company  was  or- 
ganized in  1884  for  the  manufacture  of  pre- 
servative paints  and  pile  coverings.  The 
company  believed  in  advertising  and  con- 
sistent and  persistent  efforts  in  this  direc- 
tion, coupled  with  goods  of  quality  and  a 
reputation  for  fair  dealing,  gave  them  even 
in  their  early  days  an  enviable  success. 

In  the  beginning  the  products  were  known 
as  "P  &  B"  and  the  trade  mark  covered  the 
full  line  as  then  manufactured.  After 
thirty-five  years  of  constant  use  it  is  still 
recognized  as  the  standard  of  quality  for 
this  line  of  material. 

In  November  of  1917,  the  Paraffine  Com- 
panies, Inc.,  was  organized  to  take  over 
the  business  of  several  manufacturers  of 
kindred  lines  and  now  operates  six  distinct 
factories  under  different  divisions. 

The  company  in  recent  years  has  further 
extended  its  lines.  Large  and  completely 
equipped  plants  and  refineries  have  been 
built  to  manufacture  a  most  extensive  as- 
sortment of  "Pabco  Products,"  including  ten 
and  twenty-year  guaranteed  roofings,  pre- 
pared roofings;  floor  coverings,  known  as 
Pabcolin ;  building  papers,  deadening  felts, 
asphalt  felts,  sheathing  papers,  wall  board, 
industrial,  marine  and  preservative  paints, 
asphaltum,  waterproofings,  damp  proofings, 
box  board,  paper  boxes  and  fibre  containers. 

The  remarkable  growth  of  this  institu- 
tion, whose  products  are  now  sold  through- 
out the  world,  is  largely  due  to  the  sound- 
ness of  the  policy  originally  established  and 
rigidly  adhered  to  during  all  these  years. 


May,     19  19 


271 


iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimniiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiii .mi us 


THE  PORT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

LARGEST  CITY  ON  THE  PACIFIC  COAST 
BEST  OF  MUNICIPAL  HARBOR  FACILITIES 
NEAREST  PACIFIC  PORT  TO  GREATER  PART  OF  THE  U.  S. 
NEAREST  PACIFIC  PORT  TO  THE  GREAT  COTTON  BELT 


PILOTAGE 


DOCKAGE 


RENT 


WHARFAGE 


MUNICIPAL    PIER    NO.    1,   AN    EARTH-PILLED    PIER,   li.lOO   FEET    LONG    AND    050   FEET 

WIDE,      WITH   REINFORCED   CONCRETE  WHARF  3420   FEET   LONG,   A    STEEL 

TRANSIT    SHED    ISOO    x     100    FEET,    AND    A    CONCRETE    WAREHOUSE 

WITH    TEN     ACRES     OF    FLOOR     SPACE. 

LOWEST    PORT    CHARGES 


No  vessel,  either  in  foreign  or  domestic 
trade,  is  required  to  use  a  pilot  if  its 
master  is  licensed  to  navigate  his  vessel 
in  this  port.  If  a  pilot  is  required,  he  is 
furnished  by  the  City  of  Los  Angeles  and 
the  pilotage  rate  is  $1.00  per  foot  draft 
and  1  cent  per  net  registered  ton.  Half 
rates  for  vessels  coming  in  for  fuel,  sup- 
plies or  orders. 

Graduated  scale  up  to  $15.00  a  day  for 
2,100  net  tons,  and  one-half  cent  per  net 
ton  above  that  figure. 

The  City  of  Los  Angeles  charges  steam- 
ship companies  NO  RENT  whatever  for 
the  assignment  of  a  wharf. 

Commodity  rates  varying  from  2'/j  cents 
to  10  cents  a  ton.  These  are  the  lowest 
wharfage  rates  in  America. 


FREE  TIME 


STORAGE 


STEVEDORING 


WATER 


FUEL 


Wharfage  on  outgoing  cargo  includes 
ten  days  free  time.  On  incoming  cargo 
the  free  time  is  48  hourse  after  the  final 
discharge  of  the  vessel. 

Cargo  on  the  wharf  in  excess  of  free 
time  is  charged  10  cents  per  ton  per 
month  storage. 

Handling  of  cargo  is  subject  to  private 
contract  with  stevedoring  companies. 
Cost  is  as  low  or  lower  than  at  any  port 
on  the  Pacific  Coast. 

Municipal  water  is  furnished  at  a  cost  of 
17  cents  per  thousand  gallons  f.  o.  b. 
ship. 

No  port  in  America  has  better  facilities 
than  Los  Angeles  for  furnishing  oil  to 
ships.  Three  great  oil  companies  op- 
erate here,  furnishing  oil  at  low  cost. 
Utah  coal  of  good  quality  also  can  be 
obtained.  If  ordered  at  least  ten  days 
in  advance,  the  City  of  Los  Angeles  will 
furnish  this  coal  for  $12.50  per  ton  f.  o.  b. 
ship.  This  price  may  be  reduced  as  cir- 
cumstances warrant. 


Both  steamship  men  and  shippers  are   invited  to   use 
the    municipal  facilities    of  the    City  of   Los   Angeles 


mini iminiiiii iiiiiiiniiiii 


For  Further  Particulars,  Address 


Suite  33,  City  Hall 


The  Board  of  Harbor  Commissioners 

LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 


272 


Pan     Pacific 


PATHS  TO  FOLLOW  IN  ORIENTAL  TRADE 


By  JAMES  KING  STEELE 

Manager    Publicity    Department 

Toyo  Risen  Kaisha 


HEREWITH  is  presented  to 
readers  of  PAN  PACIFIC  the 
first  of  a  series  of  especially  pre- 
pared itineraries  for  American  busi- 
ness men  or  travellers  who  contem- 
plate trips  through  Oriental  countries. 
These  itineraries  will  give  railroad 
and  steamship  time  schedules  and 
fares  together  with  names  of  leading 
hotels  for  tourists  o  r  commercial 
agents  and  rates  at  same. 

The  first  itinerary  is  for  a  trip 
across  China  to  Japan,  starting  from 
Shanghai  and  passing  through  Nan- 
king, Tientsin,  Pekin,  Mukden,  Dair- 
en,  Seoul,  Fusan  and  Tokyo  to  Yoko- 
hama. This  is  a  route  popular  with 
tourists  and  profitable  to  salesmen  of 
American  goods. 

First  Day 

Leave   Shanghai    (North) 

Shanghai   Nanking  Railway 7.55   A.   M. 

Arrive  Nanking _ 2:10   P.   M. 

Miles  from  Shanghai,  193. 

Bridge  House  Hotel,  $6.00  per  day. 
Sleeping  car  fare    (Mex.)....lst  class  $2.00 
Extra  fare  for  express  train.. 1st  class      .40 

2nd  class       .20 

(Note. — While  travelers  using  Japan- 
China  Overland  Tour  tickets  need  not  bother 
about  sectional  fares — the  following  sec- 
tional fares  on  the  trip  are  given  for  their 
information.) 

Shanghai-Nanking   (Mex.). ...1st  class  $8.40 

2nd  class     4.20 

(At  Nanking  connections  are  made  with 
steamer  for  Hankow,  3  days  up  Yangtse 
River  or  Ferry  across  river  at  Pukow.) 

Leave  Pukow  (across  Yangtse 

River)  3:30  P.  M. 

Arrive  Hsuchfu  11:29  P.  M. 

(This    is   the    connecting    point   for   the 
Peking  Hankow  rail  line.) 
Leave  Hsuchfu  11:36  P.  M. 

Second  Day 

Arrive  Taianfu  5:56  A.  M. 

(This  is  the  station  for  China's  sacred 
mountain — the  retreat  of  Confucius.) 

Leave   Taianfu   6:01    A.   M. 

Arrive  Tsinanfu  7:56  A.  M. 

(This  is  the  capital  of  Shantung  province 
and  junction  connecting  point  with  San-to 
Railway  for  Tsingtao,  150  miles  away  on  the 
coast.  Tsingtao  is  the  finest  seaside  resort 
in  the  Far  East  and  is  worth  a  few  days' 
visit.) 

Side  Trip  to  Tsingtao 

Leave  Tsinanfu  approximately. .10:00  A.  M. 

Arrive  Asingtao  approximately....9 :00  P.  M. 

Or  wait  over  day  at  Tsinanfu. 

Leave  Tsinanfu   9.00  P.   M. 

Arrive  Tsingtao  9:52  A.  M. 

(Returning  on  approximately  same  sched- 
ule.) 
Fares: 

Sleeping  car,  each  way $  3.00 

Railroad,  each  way  Yen  12.50 


Second  Day — Continuous  Travel 

Leave  Tsinanfu   8:06   A.   M. 

Arrive  Tientsin  Central  4:31  P.  M. 

Astor  House  Hotel  rates  from  $6.00  per 
day  upward   (Mex.) 

Imperial  House  Hotel  rates  from  $6.00  per 
day  upward  (Mex.) 
Fares: 

Sleeping  car,  Pukow-Tientsin, 

1st  class   (Mex.)   $  5.00 

Sleeping  car,  Pukow-Tsinanfu, 

1st  class,  (Mex.)  3.00 

Sleeping  car,  Tsinanfu-Tientsin, 

1st  class   (Mex.)  3.00 

Railroad  fare,  Pukow-Tientsin, 

1st  class   (Mex.)  38.25 

2nd  class  (Mex.)  25.50 

Note. — Passengers  desiring  to  stop  off 
at  Tientsin  should  continue  on  this  train  to 
Tientsin  east  about  20  minutes  more  as  this 
is  the  station  close  to  the  city's  center. 
Tientsin  Central  is  the  junction  for  Peking.) 
Leave  Tientsin  Central  5:00  P.  M. 

(Peking  Mukden  Line) 

Arrive  Peking  7:50  P.  M. 

Peking  R.  R.  station  is  within  five  minutes 
walk  of  Grand  Hotel  dis  Wagon  Lts. 
Hotels: 
Grand  Hotel  dis  Wagon  Lts., 

Rates  (Mex.)  $8.00  per  day  up 

Hotel  de  Peking, 

Rates  (Mex.)  $6.00  per  day  up 

Rail  Fares: 
Tientsin-Peking    (Mex.).. ..1st   class  $5.20 
2nd  class     3.25 
Distance,  Shanghai-Peking,  approximately 
909  miles. 

Peking,  the  fascinating  city,  deserves  as 
much  time  as  can  be  allowed.  For  purpose 
of  continuing  journey  we  will  start  fresh 
from  Peking. 

Third — Continuous    Travel — Or    First    Day 
From  Peking 

Leave  Peking 8.35  P.  M. 

Arrive  Tientsin  East 12:00  A.  M. 

Leave  Tientsin  East   12:15   A.   M. 

South  Manchuria  Railway. 

Arrive  Mukden  7:10  P.  M. 

Miles  from   Peking,   523.89. 
Hotels: 

Yamato  Hotel  in  Depot  building. 

Rate 6.00  yen  per  day  upward 

Fares: 

Sleeping  car  (Mex.) $  5.00 

Rail  Peking  Mukden  (Mex.) 

1st  class  31.45 
2nd  class  19.65 

Side  Trip  to  Dairen 

Leave  Mukden  8:50  P.  M. 

South  Manchuria  Railway. 

Arrive  Dairen  8:00  A.  M. 

Yamato  Hotel,  American  plan,  rates  from 
6.00  yen  per  day  upward. 

Leave  Dairen  8.00  P.  M. 

Arrive  Mukden  7:30  A.   M. 

Or  take  day  trip 
Leaving  Dairen  approximately. .10:00  A.  M. 
Arriving  Mukden  9.20  P.  M. 

Fourth  Day — Continuous  Travel — Or  Second 
Day  From  Peking 

Leave   Mukden  10:00  P.  M. 

Arrive  Antung  6:30  A.  M. 

Baggage  examined  here  by  Chinese  of- 
ficials. 


Shingishu    Station    Hotel    (across    River 
Yalu),  6.00  yen  per  day  upward. 
Fares — Dairen- Antung: 

Yen 

Sleeper   1st   class  3:00 

Rail   1st  class  8:51 

2nd  class  5:96 

Leave  Antung 8:20   A.   M. 

Chosen  Railways 

Arrive  Seoul  (Keijyo)  7:25  P.  M. 

Chosen  Hotel  (one  of  the  finest  in  the 
Far  East),  American  plan,  6.00  yen  per  day 
upward. 

Yen 

Sleeping  car  1st  class  3.00 

Rail-Antung-Seoul- 

Shimonoseki  1st  class  39.55 

2nd  class  26.69 

Seoul,  ancient  capital  of  Korea,  with  its 
splendid  hotel,  deserves  a  stay  of  several 
days,  as  it  has  many  places  of  interest. 

Fifth    Day— Continuous    Travel— Or   Third 
Day  from  Peking 

Leave  Seoul  8:40  A.  M. 

Chosen  Railways 
Arrive  Fusan  7.00  P.  M. 

Dinner  at  Fusan  Station  Hotel  (or  on 
steamer).     Rates  6.00  yen  per  day  upward. 

Leave  Fusan  (steamer)  8:30  P.  M. 

Arrive  Shimonoseki  7:50  A.  M. 

Sanyo  Hotel  (at  station).  Rates  4.50  yen 
eer  day  upward.     Get  breakfast  here. 

Sixth  Day — Continuous  Travel — Or  Fourth 
Day  From  Peking 

Leave  Shimonoseki  9:50  A.  M. 

Arrive  Yokohama  1:00  P.  M. 

Fares: 

Yen 

Shimonoseki-Tokyo  1st  class  15.80 

2nd  class     9.43 
Ordinary  express, 

Extra  fare  1st  class     1.50 

2nd  class    1.00 
Approximate  time  for  continuous  travel 
on  trains  and  boats,  5%  days. 

o 

RICE  CROP  IN  SWATOW 


(Consul  M.  S.  Myers,  Swatow,  China) 

The  principal  rice  crop  now  harves- 
ted is  a  very  gocd  one.  From  every 
district  favorable  crop  reports  have 
been  received.  The  lowest  estimates 
from  a  few  sections  are  between  80 
and  90  per  cent  normal,  but  for  the 
most  part  bumper  crops  are  reported. 
The  weather  conditions  on  the  whole 
were  very  favorable  and  the  crop  was 
comparatively  free  from  pests.  As 
the  summer  rice  crop  was  poor  prices 
rose  about  35  per  cent  by  the  middle 
of  July,  but  with  the  excellent  harvest 
now  entering  the  market  normal 
prices  again  rule.  One  Mexican  dol- 
lar $0.78  U.  S.  currency)  now  buys 
24  pounds  of  first-class  rice  or  26 
pounds  of  second-class. 


May,     19  19 


273 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in 
this  section,  for  the  convenience  of  its  readers,  the  following 
directories : 

[  EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

\  ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

\  STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS  WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East 
and  Central  and  South  America.  Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much 
to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  San- 
some  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Exporters  of  all  American  products.  Im- 
porters of  all  raw  materials  from  South 
and  Central  America  and  Far  East.  Rep- 
resented in  all  parts  of  the  world.  Letters 
of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  exchange. 


WORLEY-MARTIN  COMPANY,  6 1  7 
Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Wool,  hides,  tallow,  oils  and  ori- 
ental products.  Hardware  and  steel  pro- 
ducts, drugs  and  specialities.  Represented 
in  China  and  Japan.  Desires  lines  to  in- 
troduce.    Cable   address   "WORLEY." 


THE  HALE  COMPANY,  16  California 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Impor- 
ters of  food  products.  Exporters  of  groc- 
eries, provisions,  iron  and  steel  products, 
drugs  and  wines.     Cable  address  "HALCO." 


LANSING  COMPANY,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers  o  f  electrical 
trucks,  trailers,  concrete  machinery,  gas  en- 
gines, hoists,  hand  carts,  wheels,  casters,  etc. 
Export  trade  a  specialty.  Cable  address 
"QUOLANSING." 


I 


S.  L.  JONES  &  COMPANY,  209  Califor- 
nia Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Im- 
porters, exporters  and  commission  mer- 
chants. Import  food  products,  spices,  fer- 
tilizers, oils,  etc.  Export  Iron  and  steel 
products,  canned  goods,  glass,  leather, 
paints,  chemicals,  etc.  Cable  address 
"REDBOIS." 


JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc.,  1053  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Foreign 
orders  promptly  and  carefully  executed. 
General  hardware,  household  goods,  tools, 
sporting  goods,  paints,  oils,  varnishes.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.  Catalogs  on 
request.  

CONNELL  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  L. 
C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
General  importers  and  exporters.  Repre- 
sented at  Shanghai,  Manila,  Hong  Kong  and 
Singapore.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages.    Cable  address  "CONNELL." 


QUAKER  CITY  SUPPLY  COMPANY, 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  Manufacturers 
Exporters  and  Importers.  Chemicals  and 
dyestuffs  for  textiles  and  leathers.  Sub- 
mit samples  to  be  matched.  Correspon- 
dence in  any  language.  Cable  address 
"MONSEN." 


A.  0.  ANDERSEN  &  COMPANY,  242 
California  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Ship  owners,  agents  and  brokers.  Im- 
porters and  Exporters  with  direct  connec- 
tions in  Japan,  China,  Philippines,  Straits, 
East  Indies  and  India.  All  commodities 
produced  in  above  countries,  and  all  Ameri- 
can raw  and  manufactured  products. 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IM- 
PORTING COMPANY,  871  Market  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Manufacturers' 
representatives,  importers  and  exporters. 
Import  chinaware,  crockery,  enamel  ware, 
oils,  hides,  brushes,  produce  and  raw  ma- 
terials. Export  steel,  iron,  steel  products, 
hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes,  food  pro- 
ducts and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  address 
"AMICO." 


ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers, 
exporters  and  shippers.  Branches  at  New 
York  City,  Havana,  Cuba,  and  Kobe  Japan. 
Import  oils,  silk  goods,  and  food  products. 
Export  canned  goods  and  fruits,  chemicals, 
dyestuffs,  iron,  steel  and  machinery.  Cor- 
respondence invited 


B.  F.  HE  AST  AND,  618  Mission  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  of 
glass  ware,  dinner  services,  vitrified  hotel 
china.  Prepared  to  fill  orders  immediately 
for  any  quantity.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.  Catalogues  o  n  request.  Cable 
address  "HEASTAND." 


J.  A.  DRUMMOND,  245  Mission  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Export  and  Im- 
port. Iron  and  steel  products,  metals  of  all 
kinds,  machinery  and  industrial  equipment. 
Building  material,  chemicals  and  construc- 
tion specialties.  Operating  in  Far  East, 
Central  and  South  America.  Bentley's 
code. 


J.  ARON  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall 
Street,  New  York  City.  Branches  at  San 
Francisco;  New  Orleans,  Chicago,  London, 
England  and  Santos,  Brazil.  General  ex- 
porters and  importers.  Correspondence 
solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable  address 
"ARONCO." 


BRAUN-KNECHT-HEIMANN  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Imports 
and  exporters  of  chemicals.  Laboratory 
apparatus  for  mines,  universities  and 
schools.  Sugar,  soap,  wine,  oils,  iron  and 
steel.  Correspondence  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "BRAUNDRUG." 


274 


Pan     Pacific 


IMPORT  AND  EXPORT  CONCERNS-Continued 


ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and 
samples  of  paper  for  export.  Represented 
at  Yokohama  and  Shanghai.  Cable  address 
"ZELLERBACH."     All  codes. 


TOPPING  BROTHERS,  122  Chambers 
Street,  New  York  City.  Exporters  and 
importers  of  heavy  and  marine  hardware, 
ship  chandlery,  railroad  and  contractors' 
supplies.  Largest  stock  of  merchandise  of 
its  kind  in  the  United  States.  Inquiries 
solicited.     All  codes  and  languages. 


PACIFIC  MARINE  IRON  WORKS, 
Portland,  Oregon.  Manufacturers  of  water 
tube  boilers  and  marine  machinery.  Special 
castings  to  order.  Foreign  correspondence 
and  inquiries  solicited. 


AMERICAS  &  ORIENT  COMPANY,  112 
Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Export  merchants,  covering  the  entire  Ori- 
ent. Correspondence  in  all  languages.  All 
codes  used. 


INDUSTRIAL  MINERALS  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  Monadnock  Building,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Prompt  attention  given  to  in- 
quiries. Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
All  codes. 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216 
Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Exporter  and  wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's, 
women's,  boys'  and  children's  shoes.  Rub- 
ber boots,  tennis  and  outing  shoes.  All 
styles  on  hand  for  immediate  shipment. 
Export  trade  -solicited.  Cable  address, 
"VINMAR." 


SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY, 
208  South  La  Salle  Street,  Chicago,  Illinois. 
Exporters  and  importers  of  shoes,  hoisery, 
underwear,  piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chem- 
icals, food  products,  machinery,  automobiles 
and  hardware.  Careful  and  prompt  atten- 
tion given  to  all  correspondence  and  orders. 
Cable  address  "CARNOT." 


MACDONALD  &  COMPANY,  454  Mont- 
gomery Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Branches  at  Vancouver,  B.  C,  and  New 
York  City.  Importers,  exporters  and  tea 
experts.  Export  steel  and  steel  products, 
machinery,  chemicals,  liquors,  etc.  Import 
drugs,  chemicals,  food  products  and  raw 
materials.  Connections  desired.  Cable  ad- 
dress "MACDONALD." 


SCOTT,  SUGDEN  &  LAMOT,  Monad- 
nock Building,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Foreign  and  domestic  merchants.  Steel 
and  iron  and  manufactured  products.  Ma- 
rine hardware  and  supplies.  Quotations 
furnished  o  n  request.  Cable  address 
"WALTERSCOT." 


WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Exporter  of  shoes 
for  men,  women  and  children.  Orders  re- 
ceive prompt  and  careful  attention.  Special 
styles  made  to  order.  Send  for  our  cata- 
logue.    Cable  address  "WILMAR." 


ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  149  Cali- 
fornia Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
General  shipping  and  commission  mer- 
chants. Export  and  imports.  Direct  rep- 
resentatives of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American   goods.     Offices  at   Seattle,   Port- 


land, Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago. 
Correspondence  solicited. 


NATIONAL  PRODUCTS  COMPANY, 
519  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Importers  and  exporters  of  foods, 
spices,  canned  goods,  etc.  Will  grant  ex- 
clusive  agencies.     Correspondence   invited. 


LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  An- 
geles, California.  Manufacturers  and  ex- 
porters of  steamship  power  equipment, 
water,  oil  and  fuel  tanks,  rolling  mill  pro- 
ducts. Ingots,  bars  and  shapes.  Struc- 
tural steel  fabricators.  Correspondence  in- 
vited. All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 


CALIFORNIA  PAINT  COMPANY, 
Oakland,  California.  Manufacturers  and 
exporters  of  paints  and  varnishes.  Write 
for  color  cards,  catalog,  and  paint  literature. 
We  specialize  in  export  packing,  and  export 
paint  requirements.  Established  in  1865. 
Cable  address  "CALPACO." 


VICTOR  PATRON,  112  Market  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Maz- 
atlan,  Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON." 
Import  and  export  representative.  Prices 
and  catalogues  furnished  on  application. 


ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los 
Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Agricultural  implements,  engines  and  wag- 
ons. Export  orders  a  specialty.  Catalogue 
and  price  list  on  application.  Cable  address 
"ARNOTT." 


PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers,  exporters, 
manufacturers  agents,  purchasing  agents. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 


ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Shoes, 
rubbers,  tennis  and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds; 
all  styles.     Bentley  Code  used. 


DOLLIVER  &  BROTHER,  619  Mission 
Street,  California.  Leather  for  shoes,  wil- 
low, calf,  tan  box,  royal,  vici,  etc.  Machinery, 
nails,  eyelets,  ink,  shoemakers'  supplies; 
elastic  webbing.     Fifty  years  of  service. 


MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON 
COMPANY,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Direct  mill  representatives — Iron  and  steel 
products.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
All  Codes  used. 


F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Im 
porters  and  exporters,  Crescent  Brand 
Food  Products.     All  languages  used. 


THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES, 
225  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New 
York.  "Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for 
interior  construction;  blackboards,  varnishes, 
etc.  Codes:  Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and 
Fifth  Improved  editions.  Cable  address 
"BEAVER." 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39 
Cortlandt  Street,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Magnet  wire,  field  coils,  electro  magnets, 
etc.  Western  Union  Code.  Cable  address 
"ACME." 


ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740 
Broadway,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Ad- 
dressing machines;  type  embossing  ma- 
chines; and  rubber  type.  Code:  A.  B.  C. 
Cable  address  "ADDRESSO." 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120 
Broadway,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Branch  at  San  Francisco.  Ash,  paper, 
and  garbage  cans;  adding  machines,  fly 
traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar  and  tobacco 
boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware,  etc. 
Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MA- 
CHINE COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty- 
seventh  Street,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Laundry  machinery,  dry  cleaning  machinery, 
washing  machines,  garment  presses  for  tail- 
ors, etc.     Cable  address  "ALMCO." 


HAMMER  &  COMPANY,  3  1  0  Clay 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Im- 
porters of  rice,  beans,  peas,  hemp,  rubber, 
tapioca.  Export  grain,  canned  sardines, 
canned  vegetables,  oranges,  lemons,  etc.  ' 
C.  I.  F.  prices  a  specialty.  Correspondence 
solicited.     Cable  address  "HAMMER." 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan 
Bank  Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana. 
Export;  Import;  Commission.  Freight  for- 
warders. Correspondence  solicited.  Cable 
address  "RENCO."  Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W. 
U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


INTERSTATE  PATTERN  WORKS, 
Foot  of  13th  Street,  Vancouver,  Washing- 
ton. Makers  of  patterns  for  all  kinds  of 
metal  castings.  Quotations  on  iron  and 
brass  castings  furnished  on  application.  All 
languages. 

o 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Sole  leather;  tan- 
ners. Leather  for  export  a  specialty. 
Prompt  attention  to  orders.  Ask  us  to 
quote  on  your  requirements.     All  languages. 


DILL-CROSETT,  Inc.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Exporters  of  steel  products, 
acids,  rosin,  chemicals,  dye  stuff,  phenol, 
etc.  Importers  of  fish  oil,  hides,  coffee, 
coconut  oil,  beans,  copra,  castor  oil,  tallow, 
silks,  etc.  Branch  offices:  New  York,  Kobe, 
Japan,  and  Sydney,  Australia.  All  lan- 
guages and  codes  used. 


SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building, 
Seattle,  Washington.  Branch  offices  Shang- 
hai, Hongkong,  Seattle,  Kobe  and  Tokio. 
Exporters  of  iron,  woodworking  and  tex- 
tile machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  railway 
supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  so-  • 
licited. 


HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Machinery  for  mines 
and  mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge 
shops,  shipyards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills, 
contractors,  etc.  All  standard  codes  used. 
Cable  address  "AIRDRILL." 


MILL  &  MINE  SUPPLY  COMPANY, 
Seattle,  Washington.  Iron,  bolts,  chain, 
axes,  belting,  logging  tools,  steel,  nuts, 
waste,  saws,  pulleys.  Cable  address 
"MILESMINE."     Export  orders  solicited. 


May,     19  19 


275 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS-Continued 


SHIPBUILDERS  MACHINERY  COM- 
PANY, Inc.,  201  Maynard  Building,  Seat- 
tle, Washington.  Manufacturers  of  Ship 
Plate  tightener;  scarphing  machines,  motor 
driven  machines,  etc.  Export  orders  so- 
licited. 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COM- 
PANY OF  AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Wash- 
ington. Importers,  exporters,  forwarders 
and  manufacturers'  representatives. 
Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern  countries.  Ex- 
port iron  and  steel,  machinery,  plumbing 
supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware,  talk- 
ing machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
drv  goods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable 
address  "INTRACO." 


THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  72  5 
Broadway,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Celluloid  in  sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes, 
combs,  mirrors,  toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs, 
pipe  bits  and  harness  rings.  Cable  address 
"PYRALIN." 


HERBERT  T.  SMITH  BROKERAGE 
COMPANY,  209  Washington  Street, 
Chicago,  Illinois.  Import  and  export. 
Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc.  Write  for 
quotations. 

— ■ o 

The  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE 
COMPANY,  20  Vesey  Street,  New  York 
City,  New  York.  Steel  barrels  and  drums 
for  gasoline,  oil  and  chemicals;  steel  cases 
with  partitions  for  bottled  goods.  Code: 
Western  Union.  Cable  address  "AMPAX," 
Defiance,  Ohio. 


PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  67  New  Montgomery 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  bath-tubs,  toilets,  lavatories, 
sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing  fixtures,  etc. 
Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of  export 
orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 


AEROTHRUST  ENGINE  COMPANY,  La 
Porte,  Indiana.  Manufacturers  and  ex- 
porters of  the  Aerothrust  Engine  for  pump- 
ing machinery,  lighting  plants,  agricul- 
tural implements,  pumping  jacks.  Out- 
board Motors,  etc.  Correspondence  solici- 
ted in  all  languages.  All  codes.  Foreign 
orders  our  specialty. 


ling  agents.  Solicit  export  inquiries  from 
the  trade.  Samples  and  quotations  prompt- 
ly furnished  on  request. 

o 

DAVIS  BROTHERS,  Inc.,  22  Sansome 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Over- 
alls, Khaki  pants,  shirts,  nightwear;  men's, 
ladies'  and  children's  sweaters,  hosiery,  un- 
derwear and  work  gloves.  Cable  address 
"DABROS." 


CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY,  Haas  Building,  Los 
Angeles,  California.  Commission  mer- 
chants. Importers  and  exporters.  Estab- 
lished 1873.     Cable  address  "CLEIMPCO." 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916 
South  Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Wheels  and  rims,  spring 
bumpers,  auto  and  truck  springs.  Code 
Western  Union.     All   languages. 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf 
skins,  glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery 
leather,  etc.     Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY, 
33  Greene  Street,  New  York  City,  New 
York.  Pressed  steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels, 
beams,  spools,  steel  truck  wheels,  pressed 
metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes,  Lieber's  and 
Western  Union.  Cable  address  "AMER- 
PULLEY." 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY, 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington, 
Manufacturers  of  greases,  cup  transmission, 
car,  graphite  and  chain.  Hair  and  wool 
flock.  Represented  at  Manila,  Sydney, 
Australia,  and  Valparaiso,  Chile.  Export 
orders  promptly  and  carefully  attended  to. 
Special   greases   made  to   older. 


BLAKE,  MOFFITT  &  TOWNE,  37-45 
First  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Paper  of  all  descriptions.  A  complete  line 
carried  in  stock  for  export  or  domestic 
trade.  Special  papers  made  to  order.  Quo- 
tations and  samples  cheerfully  submitted. 


PACIFIC  AMERICAN  TRADING  COM- 
PANY, 112  Market  Street,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Imports  and  exports.  Tea, 
coffees,  copra,  sago,  beans,  peanuts,  coco- 
nut oil,  etc.  Exports  hardware  machinery, 
tools,  metals  and  metal  products,  chemicals, 
dye  stuffs,  stationery,  office  supplies,  dry 
goods,  groceries,  food  stuffs,  paints,  etc. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  "ENERGY." 


KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building, 
San  Francisco,  California.     Paper  Mill  sel- 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Export  and  im- 
port merchant.  Nitrates  a  specialty.  Ship- 
ping and  commission.  Steamship  agent 
and  ship  owner.  All  codes.  Cable  address 
CHENRYINC. 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY, 
260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Exporters  of  all  American  pro- 
ducts,— iron,  steel  products,  galvanized 
pipe,  paints,  varnishes,  cutlery,  explosives, 
plate  and  window  glass,  etc.  Importers  of 
raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's  hair,  ani- 
mal hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts,  oils,  etc. 
All  codes  used.    Cable  address  "PERKINS." 


AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE 
COMPANY,  Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vul- 
canized fibre  in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  in- 
sulators, waste  baskets,  warehouse  trucks, 
trunks,  suitcases,  etc.  Codes:  Lieber's 
Western  Union,  General  Telegraph  and  A  1. 
Cable  address  "FIBRE." 


ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New 
York.  Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras, 
chemicals,  dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent, 
Ansco  Limited,  143  Great  Portland  Street, 
London,  W.,  England.  Codes:  A.  B.  C, 
Lieber's  Standard  and  Western  Union. 
Cable  address  "ANSCO." 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542 
First  Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Ma- 
chinery and  supply  merchants.  Export 
orders  a  specialty.  Quotations  furnished. 
Special  machinery  made  to  order.  Corres- 
pondence in  all  languages  and  codes. 


L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery 
Street,  San  Francisco,  California.  Whole- 
sale dealers,  jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry 
goods,  furnishing  goods,  notions  and  fancy 
goods.  Cotton  piece  goods,  linens,  dress 
goods,  silks,  flannels,  hosiery,  underwear, 
shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces,  threads, 
blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  i  n  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413- 
15  Montgomery  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders, 
art  and  color  work.  Catalog  and  booklet 
printing.  Copper  plate  and  steel  die  en- 
graving. Office  equipment  and  supplies. 
Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  orders  a 
specialty.     Correspondence  in  all  languages. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN 
PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no  advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor 
from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names 
appear  herein. 


276 


Pan     Pacific 


MARINE  SECTION 


The  following  marine  insurance  companies,  surveyors,  brokers  and  ad- 
justers are  reliable  and  of  good  standing.  This  publication  believes  that  all 
dealings  had  with  these   concerns  will  prove   satisfactory  in  every  particular. 


MARINE  INSURANCE 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

Aetna  Insurance  Company. 
Atlantic  Mutual  Insurance  Company. 
Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Company. 
Fireman's  Fund  Insurance  Company. 
Home   Fire  and   Marine  Insurance  Co.  of 

Calif. 
Liverpool  &  London  &  Globe  Insurance  Co. 
H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 


MARINE  SURVEYORS 

(Son  Francisco,  Cal.) 


Ernest  Bent 
L.  Curtis 
James  F.  Fowler 
W.  F.  Mills 


W.  J.  Murray 
John  Rinder 
J.  Seale  &  Company. 
Frank  Walker. 


Thomas  Wallace 


SHIP,  CUSTOM  AND 
FREIGHT  BROKERS 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

C.  Beyful  &  Company. 

H.  D.  Bowly. 

W.   J.   Byrnes. 

C.  D.  Bunker  &  Company. 

John  W.  Chapman. 

Frank  P.  Dow. 

Davies,  Turner  &  Company. 

F.  F.  G.  Harper  &  Company. 

Frederic   Henry. 

Fred   Holmes  &   Son. 

Henry  Kirchmann,  Jr. 

Bernard  Judae  Company. 

Kincaid  Shipping  Company. 

Martins-Gardens   Company. 


Page  Brothers. 

George  W.  Reed  &  Company. 
W.  S.  Scammel  &  Company. 
W.  B.  Thornley. 

(Portland,   Oregon) 

Else  Shipping  Company. 
C.  V.  Ericesson  &  Company. 
Taylor  &  Young  Company. 
Tegen  &  Main. 


(Seattle,   Washington) 

Frank  P.  Dow  Company,  Inc. 
Fankner,  Currie  &  Company,  Inc. 


MARINE   ADJUSTERS 


When  in  need  of  the  services  of  reliable 
marine  adjusters,  exporters  and  importers 
will  find  it  to  their  advantage  to  consult 
any  of  the  concerns  listed  below. 

(Saw   Francisco,   California) 

Creditors'  Adjustment  Company. 
Dodwell  &  Company. 
Insurance  Company  of  North  America. 
London  &  Lancanshire  Fire  Insurance  Co. 
H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 
Pacific  Coast  Adjusting  Bureau. 
Springfield  Fire  &  Marine  Insurance  Co. 
Union  Marine  Insurance  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 

(Seattle,  Washington) 

Dodwell  &  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 


STEAMSHIP  LINES 

OPERATING  IN 

THE  PACIFIC 

(Saw  Francisco,  California) 
CHINA  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  the  Orient. 
OCEANIC    STEAMSHIP    COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  Sydney,  Australia. 
ROBERT  DOLLAR  COMPANY 

Oriental   Trade. 
EAST  ASIATIC  COMPANY,  Ltd. 

Oriental  Trade. 
W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY. 

Central    &    South    American    Ports    and 

Orient. 
GULF  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports. 
PACIFIC  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Mexico,  South  America  and  Orient. 
CHARLES    NELSON    COMPANY 

Hawaiian  Islands. 
A.  F.  THANE  &  COMPANY 

Australia. 
TOYO    KISEN    KAISHA 

San   Francisco  and  Orient. 
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN-LIJN 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

San  Francisco  to  Netherland  East  Indies. 
JOHNSON  LINE 

San  Francisco  to  Scandinavian  Ports. 
MERCHANTS  LINE 

Pacific,  Atlantic  &  South  America. 
OCEAN  TRANSPORT  COMPANY,  LTD. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 
TRANS-OCEANIC  CO. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

(Oregon  and  Washington) 
PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
OSAKA  SHOSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
SEATTLE   STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Seattle  to  Australia  and  South  Africa. 


FOREIGN  EXPORTERS  AND  IMPORTERS 


JAPAN 

Andrews  &  George  Co.,  Inc. Tokio 

Aki    &    Company Osaka 

Abe    Kobei Yokohama 

Masuda   &   Company Yokohama 

Murato  &   Umtanni Kobe 

Nosawa    &    Company Tokio 

Samuel  Samuel  &  Co.,  Ltd Tokio 

Yonei    Shoten Tokio 

PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS 

Parsons  Hardware  Co.,  Inc Manila 

W.  F.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Ltd Manila 

Warner,   Barnes   &   Co.,   Ltd Manila 


CHINA 

Andersen,  Meyer  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

J.  M.  Alver  &  Company Hongkong 

Dodwell   &   Company Shanghai 

Okura  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

Shewan,    Tonmes   &    Co Hongkong 

Harry   Wicking   &   Company Hongkong 

STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 

Central  Engine  Works,  Ltd Singapore 

Katz  Brothers,  Ltd Penang,  S.   S. 

Patterson,  Simons  &  Co.,  Ltd... Penang,  S.  S. 
Straits    Industrial    Syndicate Singapore 


AUSTRALIA 

Brown  &  Dureau,  Ltd Perth 

Capron,  Carter  &  Co.,  Ltd Sydney 

Essex    R.    Picot Sydney 

Eliza    Tinsley Melbourne 

A.  H.  &  A.  E.  Humphries Melbourne 

A.  Goninan  &  Co.,  Ltd New  Castle 

James    Hardie   &   Company Sydney 

Turnbull    &    Niblett Sydney 

NEW  ZEALAND 

W.  H.  Long  &  Company Wellington 

F.    W.    Markham Wellington 

Herbert  G.  Teagle,  Ltd. Wellington 


May,     19  19 


211 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  adver- 
tised in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its  readers.  The  name  of  the 
advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service 
rendered  advertisers  and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility 
for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  maintain  an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 
American  Can  Company. 

ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 
Addressograph  Company. 

AGRICULTURAL   IMPLEMENTS 
Arnott  &  Company. 

AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

BANKS  AND  BANKING 
Atlantic  National  Bank. 
'Wells-Fargo  Nevada  National  Bank. 
Bank  of  Italy. 
First  National  Bank. 
Merchants  National  Bank. 

BATH-TUBS 
Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

BLANKETS,    QUILTS,    ETC. 
L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 

BOILERS,  WATER  TUBE 
Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

BOOTS 

Marvin   Shoe   Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  and  COMMISSION 

DuPont  Coleman  and  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

J.  A.  Drummond. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CANNED  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS,  CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES,  STEEL 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron   Works 

Interstate   Pattern   Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,    MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfgs.  Importing  Co. 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific   American   Trading  Co. 
CONCRETE    MACHINERY 

Lansing  Company. 

CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 
J.  A.  Drummond. 
Topping  Brothers. 


COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfgs.  Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
DRESS  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 

DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American   Trading  Co. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  ETC. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Pacific  American   Trading  Co. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ELECTRIC   TRUCKS 

Lansing  Company. 

ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

EXPLOSIVES   &   POWDER 
Standard   Products  Company. 

FERTILIZERS 

S.  L.  Jones  &  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sperry  Flour  Co. 

FOOD  PRODUCTS 
The  Hale  Company. 
S.  L.  Jones  &  Company. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company,. 
National  Products  Company. 
F.  E.  Booth  Company. 
Hammer  &  Companv. 
Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage   Co. 

GAS  ENGINES 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Company. 
Lansing  Company. 
Arnott  &  Company. 
Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 

GLASSWARE 
B.  F.  Heastand 

GLOVES 

Davis    Brothers,    Inc. 

GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

GROCERIES 

The  Hale  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

HAIR,  ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 


HARDWARE 
Worley-Martin  Company. 
Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

HIDES 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

HOISERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 

HOUSEHOLD   GOODS 
Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

INDUSTRIAL  EQUIPMENT 

J.  A.  Drummond. 
LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 

A.  J.  &  J.  R.  Cook. 
LIGHTING  PLANTS 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Scott,  Sugden  &  Lamont. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Co. 
MINERALS 

Industrial    Minerals   Company. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

MISCELLANEOUS   PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Connell  Brothers  Company. 

J.  Aron  &  Company. 

Americas  &  Orient  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.  Company. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith 
NOTIONS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 


278 


/'  a  ii      I'  ii  c  i  f  i  r 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED-Continued 


OILS 
Worley-Martin  Company. 
S.  L.  Jones  &  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

ORIENTAL    PRODUCTS 
Worley-Martin  Company. 

OUTBOARD  MOTORS 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 

OVERALLS 

Davis   Brothers,  Inc. 

PAINTS 

California  Paint  Company. 
S.  L.  Jones  &  Company. 
Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
Certain-teed   Products  Corporation. 

PAPER 

Zellerbach  Paper  Company. 
Kaas-Hopkins    Company. 
Blake,    Moffitt    &    Towne. 

PHOTOGRAPHIC  PAPER  &  MATERIALS 
The  Ansco  Company. 

PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

PRINTING 
Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

PROVISIONS 

The  Hale  Company. 

PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 

PUMPING  ENGINES 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
RAW   PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

A.  O.  Andersen  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

MacDonald   &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor   Patron 

Hammer  &  Company. 

Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 

ROOFING 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin   Shoe  Company. 

Rogers   Shoe   Company. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 


SHIP  CHANDLERY 
Topping   Brothers. 

SHIRTS 

Davis   Brothers,  Inc. 

SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers   Shoe   Company. 
SHOE   MAKING  MACHINERY 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin   Company. 

Marvin   Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Dill-Crosett.  Inc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 

SINKS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 

SPORTING  GOODS 
Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 
Cambria  Spring  Company. 

STATIONARY    ENGINES 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Pacific   American   Trading  Co. 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

The  Hale  Company. 

S.  L.  Jones  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

J.  A.   Drummond 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Scott,  Sugden  &  Lamont 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.  C.  Rulofson  Company. 

Interstate  Pattern  Works. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International    Trading    Co.    of    America, 
Inc. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 


SWEATERS 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 

TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

TALLOW 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

TANKS,  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
Dolliver  &  Brother. 

TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

TEXTILE   MACHINERY 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 

TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

TOOLS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Seattle   Far  East  Trading  Co. 
Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
VARNISH 

California  Paint  Company. 

Beaver  Board  Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZED  FIBRE 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 

WAGONS 
Arnott  &  Company. 

WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board  Companies. 
WHEELS,  CASTERS,  ETC. 

Lansing  Company. 

Cambria   Spring   Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 

WINES 

The  Hale  Company. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The   Acme   Wire   Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
WOOL 

Worley-Martin  Company. 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


POSITION  WANTED  —  Secretarial,  ex- 
ecutive or  office  position  wanted  by 
thoroughly  experienced  young  lady. 
Prefer  San  FranciRco  or  vicinity;  manu- 
facturing, exporting  or  mail  order 
hoiiMe.  Stenographer,  typlnt  and  book- 
keeper. Loyalty  and  initiative.  Ad- 
dreMH   Box   XI 0.  Pan    Pacitlc. 


SOKRABAIA — A  firm  in  Soerabaia  exporting 
all  kinds  of  vegetable  oils,  teak,  hard  and 
wild  wood,  and  several  other  East  Indian 
products,  and  exporting-  building  materials, 
etc.,  would  like  connections  with  the  Dutch 
East  Indies.      Address  Box  607,  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO — A  San  Francisco  firm  ex- 
porting new  and  used  steam  tested  and 
guaranteed  pipe  and  light  screw  casing, 
boiler  tubes,  valves  and  fittings,  desires 
connections  with  all  countries  on  the  Pacific 
Ocean.     Address   Box   608,   Pan  Pacific. 

SEATTLE — A  firm  in  Seattle,  Washington, 
importing  copra,  hides,  rice,  vegetable  oil, 
peanuts  fertilizer,  matches  and  hemp,  cof- 
fee, tea."  rubber,  etc.,  and  exporting  nails, 
railway  supplies,  steel  goods,  box  strap- 
ping, nail-less  box  strapping,  lumber  and 
heavy  machinery,  etc.,  would  like  connec- 
tions in  China  and  Siberia  or  elsewhere. 
Address  Box   609.   Pan   Pacific. 


CALIFORNIA — A  California  firm  exporting 
electric  motors  from  Vt  to  100  H.  P.  desires 
to  sell  its  product  any  place  in  the  world 
where  satisfactory  connections  can  be  es- 
tablished, with  the  exception  of  Australia 
Address  Box  610,  Pan  Pacific. 

BURMA — A  firm  in  Rangoon,  Burma,  import- 
ing steel,  hardware,  beer,  old  newspapers 
olive  oil,  currants,  and  exporting  hides! 
tobacco  leaf,  shellac,  gunnybags  cutch,  co- 
coanut  oil,  ground  nut  cake,  beans,  rice, 
desires  connections  with  American  im- 
porters and  exporters.  Address  Box  611 
Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO — A  San  Francisco  firm  man- 
ufacturing  chemical  fire  extinguishers  and 
watchman  supervisory  systems  wishes  to 
make  connections  with  foreign  countries 
Address   Box   612,   Pan   Pacific. 

HONGKONfi — A  firm  in  Hongkong  importing 
piece    goods     sundries    of    all    kinds,    ma- 


chinery, marine  motors — electrical,  and  ex- 
porting ramie  fibre,  wolframite,  molybden- 
ite, tin  ore,  lead  ore,  buffalo  and  cow  hides, 
peanut  oil  split  bamboo,  embroideries  and 
filet  laces!  would  like  connections  with 
buyers  of  filet  laces  and  crochet  laces.  Ad- 
dress Box  613,   Pan   Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO — A  San  Francisco  firm  ex- 
porting writing  ink,  stamping  inks,  pas'e, 
mucilage,  typewriter  ribbons,  carbon  papers, 
desires  connections  in  the  Orient.  Australia, 
and  South  America.  Address  Box  614,  Pan 
Pacific. 

JAPAN. — A  Japanese  firm  importing  works  of 
art,  and  exporting  Japanese  old  and  new 
pictures,  picture  cards,  small  wares,  books, 
curios,  Japanese  pens  (made  of  bamboo  and 
haiir),  works  of  art  and  Japanese  groceries, 
etc.  would  like  connections  throughout  the 
world.      Address  Box  615,  Pan  Pacific. 


M  it  n  .     19  1  0 


279 


gMiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiii iiiinitiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnnin minimum iiiuniiiim 


The 

Modern 

Outboard 

Motor 

Gives  Speed,  Simplicity  and  Satisfaction 

Will  drive  your  boat  wherever  it  will  float.     When  trolling  it  will  not  disturb  the  water  and  frighten  the  fish. 
Easily  attached  to  any  boat  and  has  enough  power  to  tow  three  boats  carrying  four  passengers  each. 

BUILT   IN   TWO   SIZES  — THREE   AND   FIVE    HORSE   POWER 


Three    and    Five    Horse    Power 
Pumping  Engine 

The  Three  and  Five  Horse  Power 
Direct  Connected  Centrifugal  Pump- 
ing Engines,  are  especially  adapted 
for  irrigation,  drainage,  sewerage,  ex- 
cavation, general  construction  work, 
fire  protection,  pump  and  paper 
mills,  mines,  or  anywhere  it  is  neces- 
sary  to   pump   water   in  qjantity. 

The  Five  Horse  Power  Pumping 
Engine  delivers  Two  Hundred  and 
Fifty  gallons  of  water  per  minute  at 
a  total  head  of  forty  feet  and  weighs 
complete  with  all  attachments  Three 
Hundred  and  Eighty  Pounds.  It 
consists  of  an  AEROTHRUST  Gen- 
eral Utility  Engine,  direct  connected 
to  a  three-inch  centrifugal  pump, 
mounted  on  light,  strong  base. 

Both  the  Three  and  Five  Horse 
Power  Engines  operate  on  kerosene 
or  gasoline,  which  means  a  saving 
in  fuel  cost.  When  using  kerosene 
it  is  necessary  to  start  and  shut  down 
on  gasoline  and  the  tank  is  equipped 
with  two  fuel  compartments  for  this 
purpose. 


Five  H.  P.  Pumping  Engine 

THE    AEROTHRUST    LINE 

of  light  weight,  efficient,  air  cooled, 
two  cycle,  two  cylinder,  opposed,  en- 
gine is  designed  to  meet  the  con- 
stantly growing  demand  for  an  en- 
gine of  this  type. 

We  have  eliminated  the  water 
jacket,  water  tank,  large  fly  wheels, 
cams,  and  gears,  necessary  equip- 
ment of  the  heavy  water  cooled  en- 
gine, and  in  their  place  have  de- 
veloped STRENGTH,  DURABILITY 
and  SIMPLICITY. 

Distributors  Wanted  in  All  Principal 

Cities.     Correspondence  in 

All  Languages 


Three  and  Five  Horse  Power 
Stationary    Engine 

The  Three  and  Five  Horse  Power 
General  Utility  Engines  shown  in  the 
illustrations  below  are  the  lightest, 
most  durable,  and  efficient  engines 
on  the  market  today.  Complete  with 
all  equipment  the  Five  Horse  Power 
Engine  weighs  only  155  pounds. 

They  are  built  to  take  an  overload, 
are  light,  compact,  and  very  desir- 
able for  use  in  driving  a  line  shaft 
from  which  a  1 1  farm  machinery, 
such  a  s  churn,  cream  separator, 
pump  jack,  sawing  outfit,  lighting 
plant,  and  washing  machine  can  be 
driven. 

They  are  equipped  with  high  ten- 
sion, built-in  fly-wheel  magneto. 
Holley  Carburetor,  Champion  Spark 
Plugs,  a  three  compartment  kerosene, 
gasoline,  and  lubricating  tank,  cast 
iron  base,  double  manifold  muffler 
and  throttle  governor. 


Sawing.  Outfit  Engine 


Engine  Company 

2   MADISON    STREET 

La  Porte,  Indiana 


Stationary    Engine 


I 


* 


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280 


Pan     Pacific 


inii|      em 


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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinin i iiiiiiuiiiiiiiiii 


Colombian 
Yearbook 

1919 


Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo 


(ANUARIO  COLOMBIANO) 


We  have  just  published  a  small  booklet  on 

Japan's  Part  in  the  Great  War 

which  we  will  send  free  to  any  EXPORTING 
or  other  firm  who  will  write  or  telephone  us 

H.   B.   KING,   Sales  Agency 

244  CALIFORNIA  ST.        SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Telephone  Garfield  1566 


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STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 

General  Insurance 

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■■■MMnnmHflMamnaMMMMHMBaBDBMItlllliliillillliliigiitllllllill liiiillillinjllllilllllllillllilllllillinMllMllliiiiliillllllKmilin inimi i Kin^ 

BRADY  &  COMPANY 

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Please  enter  our  order  for j      § 

copies  of  the  1919  Colombian  Year  Book-  (Anuario  Colom-    |      | 
biano)   1919,  English-Spanish  Edition,   @   $5.00   U.   S.  Cur-    | 
rency  each. 

Name |      | 

Address 1      I 

I     i 

I      I 
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Is  the  first  item  on  the  program  of 
an  aggressive  business 
campaign  radiating  from  Honolulu, 
the  cross-roads  of  the  Pacific. 

SUCCESSFUL  CAMPAIGNS 
use  the 

HONOLULU  STAR-BULLETIN 

(Hawaii's  Greatest  Newspaper) 

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JAMES  P.  DWAN 

1114  Hearst  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

EXPORTER—IMPORTER 

General  Purchasing  Agent  for  Foreign  Buyers 

Building  Materials 
Machinery,  Ores,  Metals,  Oils 

OFFICES  AT 

539  Citizens  National  Bank  Building 

Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 

Cable  Address,  "DWAN" 


May,     10  19 


28] 


Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 

SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

IJiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiM  iliiliimimimiiimimiiimmiiinillliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiim^ Ill[nl11llll 

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A.  J.  y  J.  R.  COOK  c+      j      i  r>      i  ^ 

leat  standard  rroducts  Co. 

Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office,  260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and  T"A01 "*"« 

Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 

Cable  Address  :  "  Cookbro."  San  Francisco 


743  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


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!  Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

IMPORT         EXPORT        DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  for  Quotations 

209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A. 

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Puget  Sound  Tug  Boat  Company 

Incorporated  1891 

Washington's  Pioneer  Towing 
|  Company  §- 

Cable  Address:  TUG 


New  York 

Pittsburgh 

Seattle 

Los  Angeles 


Shanghai 
Singapore 
Manila 
Yokohama 


EXPORTERS,  of  all  American  products,  especially  Iron 
and  Steel  Products,  Machinery,  Black  arM  Galvanized 
Pipe,  either  American  or  English  Thread,  Paints,  Var- 
nishes, Cutlery,  Sanitary  Fixtures,  Railway  Supplies, 
Asbestos,  Leather  Belting,  Explosives,  Imitation 
Leather,  Automobile  Trucks,  Tractors,  Lighting  Fix- 
tures, Chain,  Plate  and  Window  Glass,   Fabrikoid. 

IMPORTERS,  Raw  Materials  from  Asia,  Camel's  Hair, 
Animal  Hair,  Bristles,  Furs,  Hides  and  Skins,  Human 
Hair,  Egg  Products,  Nuts,  Oils,  Etc. 


Code  Word  "PERKINS."     All  Codes  Used. 


1     SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


References,  First  National  Bank,  Bank  of  Italy,  Dun's 
or  Bradstreet's,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


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Cambria   Spring  Company 

Incorporated 


Wheels  and  Rims  Spring    Bumpers 

Auto  and  Truck  Springs 

Gardner  Loop  Truss  for  Fords 

Code  Western  Union  Office,  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory,  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

pwmiiiimiiiiimmmimmmiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiuiimiiiiiiiiiiiim 

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Pacific    American    Trading    Co. 

112  Market  St.,  San  Francisco 

Branch  Offices,  Soerabaia,  Java,  D.  E.  I.;    Shid- 
zuoka,  Japan.      Bank    References    Exchanged. 

IMPORTS— 

Tea,  Coffees,  Spices,  Copra,  Sago,  Tapioca,  Kapok,  Beans, 
Peanuts,  Walnuts,  Australian,  Copal  and  Damar  Gums, 
Cocoanut  Oil,  Wood  Oil,  Egg  Yolk  and  Albumen. 

EXPORTS— 

Hardware,  Machinery,  Tools,  Metals  and  Metal  Products, 
Chemicals,  Drugs,  Medical  Goods,  Saccharin,  Dye  Stuffs; 
Household  Supplies;  Builders'  and  Mill  Supplies;  Motor 
Vehicles  and  Supplies;  Paper  Stock,  Stationery  and 
Office  Supplies;  Dry  Goods,  Hosiery,  Textiles;  Groceries, 
Canned  Foods,  Provisions,  Paints,  Oil  Leather,  California 
Beverages. 

Cable  Address,  "Energy."     All  Codes. 


COMING— VICTORY  LOAN! 


282 


jiimiiiiiiiiiiimi iimmiiiiiiiiiiiimiuumiiimiiffliiiiiiiimiuuimiiiiiimiiiiimuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiimimiiiminuuiim^ 

MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 

|     120  Market  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

iimnuiium iminmiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiimiiuimiiiiiiiimi milium iiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiii milium iiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiS 

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References: 

Cable  Address; 

Metropolitan  Bank 

REN  CO 

Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 

Purchasing  Agents 

Codes;     A.  B.  C.  4 
W.  U.  T. 

= 

Bedford  McNeil 

r, mi mil mil iiiuuii iiiiimi mini 


-iMBiiii iiiiiiimuiuimi iiiiiii iiiimmu limn miiiimm 


iiiiiuiiimiiiiiiimmiiumi 


mmiiuuuiiiuuuumiiiiiliiiiiiiiiuuuui 


Pan    Pacific 

Miiiiiiiiimiiii linn iiiuuii II imimi mm uiiuiiuii u iiiuiiiiiuiiiiiiniuiiiiimiu n mini lit 


Sea  Foam  wJl  Bond 


A  strong,  beautiful  sheet  for  manifolding; 
stocked  in  the  following  size  and  colors: 

17x22— 10  1b. 

WHITE    :    BLUE    :     PINK 

GREEN    :    CANARY 

GOLDEN  ROD 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  -   Import  -  Commission 
205-206   Metropolitan   Bank    Building 

Freight  Forwarders  NEW  ORLEANS,  LA.  Correspondence  Solicited       ^ 

P.uimuuiuittiumiunniiiiiiuuuiiiiimiuuuniiiiiiiimiiiniiuuiimiimimiiimiiii iiittiuiiiiuiuiiiiuuiuiriiiiiiiuuininiimiuuiuuiiiiuiiuiinnimiiiuuinuumimmuniiiiii      § 

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Interstate  Pattern  Works 

MAKERS   OF   PATTERNS 

for  all  kinds  of 

METAL  CASTINGS 

Quotations  on  Iron  and  Brass  Castings  Furnished  on  Application 
Foot  of  13th  St.  Vancouver,  Wash.  Phone  241 


For  price  see  page  11  of  net  price-list.     Samples  on  request. 


BLAKE,  MOFFITT  &  TOWNE  | 

ESTABLISHED  1855 

3745  FIRST  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 
LOS  ANGELES  SAN  DIEGO 


AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-ENGINES -WAGONS- 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A    SPECIALTY 
Immediate  Deliveries 

and 
Prompt   Shipments 

All  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

ft      V,  Los   Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250   Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

|  Cable  Address  "Arnott"  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


Multigraphing 


imiiiiiiiiiiiinnummii u ■ 


Mimeographing 


ARNOTT  SCO. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  SOUTHWEST  - 

HZ  118  50.LOSANGELEJ  ST.  LOS  ANGELES 


BRUCKMAN 

Translating  and  Typing 
Bureau 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 
Telephone  Douglas  1316 


Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co. 


U.    S.    BONDED    STORAGE 


CUSTOM  HOUSE   BROKERS 

Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders  Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Distributing,  Consolidating 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington  Branch  Offices:   2141    Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash- 

"Service  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 


.1/  a  U  ,      19  19 


283 


KAAS-HOPKINS.CO. 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 
Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

PROTECTIVE    PAPERS— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine, 

(Parchmyn),  Parcnmoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS— Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain 

or  Decorated;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— White,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
GLAZED    PAPERS    for    Boxmakers,    etc.       White,    Colors, 

Embossed,  Novelties. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC  COVER  PAPERS  and  Mount  Board. 
WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers, 
We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  and  Quo- 
tations Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 


DAVIS  BROS.  INC. 

Manufacturers,  Selling  Agents 
and  Wholesale  Distributors 

"HEADLIGHT"  Overalls,  Khaki  Pants 
One  Piece  Overalls 

"Headlight"  Manufactured  in  San  Francisco 

'•RACINE"  Shirts,  Flannel,  Work  and  Negligee 
"  BRIGHTON  CARLSBAD  "  Nightwear. 

Men's,  La  ies',  Children's 

"BRADLEY"  Sweaters.     Men's,  Ladies',  Children's 

Mill  Lines  Hosiery,  Underwear,  Work  Gloves 

;    22-30  Sansome  St.,  San  Francisco,  Calif.,  U.  S.  A.    j 

I    Foreign  Dept:     Cable  DABROS 

fiunnunmnmmmnnimmnniiunnimmmmnnimnnmiimiNimnmmiminnnnninnnmum 


The  Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.  Co.    I 

Parent  Company  Established  1873 

IMPORTERS— EXPORTERS 
COMMISSION  MERCHANTS 

Laughlin  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 
IMPORTS— 

Tea,  Coffee,  Spices,  Cocoa  Beans,  Chicle,  Rubber,  Copra, 
Peanuts,     Palm     Oil,     Cocoanut    Oil,    Tapioca,    General    | 
1  Produce. 

!     EXPORTS— 

Hardware,     Machinery,    Tools,    Lumber,    Dried    Fruits, 

Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Sardines,  Canned  Salmon,  Canned 

Tuna,  California  Beverages,  General  Produce. 

Sole  Export  Agents  for  South  and  Central  America  of 

I     "M.  O.  E."  REFINED  ELATERITE  Carbonite  Coating.     Air 

Water,  Acid,  Alkali,  Oxygen,  Nitrogen  and  Electricity-proof. 

Write  for  catalogue  and  sample.     Good  territory   open. 

'       Cable  Address  "CLEIMPCO"  All  Codes 

Correspondence  Solicited  and  Conducted  in  All  Languages. 

annnnniiiiimnilinninimninini:imnnmnniimnuminnniiiiinumiinnnnnn immmiimunnminmniniimminnnmnniiifimminmnnmnnnnuimiimmmniiiniiii; 

|i mini inn mil ninininnnmninnn minim mi mi niiini i i iiitiiuiiMiiuiiiiittuiiir iiiiinn linns 

BLACK    BEAR     GREASES    | 

Cup,    Transmission,    Axle,    Car,    Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor,  Hair 

and   Wool   Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 

patented  process. 

A    distinctive    Grease    of    unusual    wearing 

qualities   and   high   heat   resistance. 

Full   information   upon   request. 

PACIFIC    LUBRICATING    CO. 

Manufacturers    and    Exporters. 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    j 
or   any   of   our   representatives. 

SYCIP     HANSON     WIXKEL     CO.,     Inc..    327    J.     Luna     Hinondo, 
■      Manila,  P.  I.     P.  M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  7(1  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W 
P.    I.  W  \lli;i  !•:,    Ca»llla   308,   Valparaiso,   Cbile. 

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiim 


finmnimmnninmnnn n i iiiiiimn n u nun niiiiii ininniiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiinii imiiiiiiiiiiiii mini u |       gnmnnnmiimnmimini luiuiiiiiimminii iiumi mil inn mm iiiiimiiimmiinim nnimnmininn n nmnunuummmmj 


Zellerbach  Paper  Company 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


has  established  an 


EXPORT  DEPARTMENT 

Under  the  Direction  of  Harold  L.  Zellerbach 

|    and  is  prepared  to  make  quotations  and  furnish  samples  on  orders  for 
|    export  shipment. 

Cable  Address— "Zellerbach" 

Codes 
[     A.  B.  C,  5th  Edition        Bentley's        Western  Union -Liebere 

KNAPP  &  BAXTER,  Agents         | 

Yokohama  and  Shanghai 


C.  HENKY  SMITH 

MAIN    OFFICE 

311   California   Street, 

San  Francisco.  Cal. 

411-412  Arctic  Building, 
|        .  SEATTLE,  WASH, 

Shipping    and    Commission    Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT    AND    IMPORT 

All  Codes.     Code  Address:    CHENRYINC. 

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F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO.   S1SF     I  Industrial  Minerals  Co.,  Inc. 


SHIP  BROKERS,  CARGO  SURVEYORS 
AND  APPRAISERS 


341  Montgomery  Street 


PHONE  GARFIELD  2241 

SAN  FRANCISCO 


Monadnock  Building 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL, 

Phone  Kearny  2184 
YOUR  INQUIRIES  WILL  RECEIVE  OUR  PROMPT  ATTENTION 


P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

— -Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485   California   Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


Si nun mum mNimiiiiiimnnnnimmmmiiiiiimi muiiiiniiii nmimiuiiimn mini minimi mm mnmi i nil iiumi imiiiiiinnm mm inmiiii nmnmiim ill iimimm mum i mm inn mm n 


284 


Pan     Pacific 


CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pies. 


CEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Secretary 


J.  E.  PETERS,  Vice-Pres. 

SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 

The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  '  hildren"s  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will   Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "WILMAR' 


"  QUALITY  "  is  our  first  consideration 
MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Cary  Cabinets,  Safes,  Vaults  and  Deposit  Boxes  | 


CARY  SAFE  COMPANY 

669-671  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco,  California,  U.S.A. 

A  CARY  AGENCY  WILL  MAKE  YOU  MONEY 


Scott,  Sugden  &  Lamont 

Foreign  and  Domestic  Merchants 

O  m"T1  T^  T         Products  of  All  Kinds       -JT%  /~\  "IV  T 
^    I     1 1     I i     \  l"r  MiU  "'"'  Eastern  kf*  I     IV 

Kj  ±  J_JJLjJ_J      Stock     Shipments       LLWJ ll 

MARINE  HARDWARE  and  SUPPLIES 

Monadnock  Building,  San  Francisco 
Cable  Address:   "WALTERSCOT" 


j    Cary  Safes  look  the  best,  test  the  best  and  are  the  BEST   I  CHICAGO 


OFFICES  IN 

SEATTLE 


LOS  ANGELES 


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Americas  &  Orient  Co.  I  I  Inspection  -  Testing 


EXPORT 


I   \  ii  in  1  mi  Hon  s    —    Cert  I  flout  ion 

Materials    and    Equipment 

fur   >'.\|M>i( 

K.   It.   Material  —  Machinery 

Metal  Product** — Geueral  MdMe. 


Sampling,  Aiiuljwh  and 

Certlflcation  of 

Olla,    OrcM,    Mineral* 

and   other 
Imported    Material* 


112  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


R.  E.  NOBLE  &  CO.,  Engineers 

Controlled    by    Abhot    A.    Hank* 

Established    1866 
Humboldt  Bank  Bldg.  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

ItepreMentntlven  in  Principal  CitleM  and  Porta 


BranYoekSohlagencies  INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 


Kobe 

Vladivostok 

Tsing   Tau 

Shanghai 

Saigon 

Colombo 

Singapore 

Soerabaya 

Manila 


of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS   and  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  and  COMMISSION  AGENTS 

MANUFACTURERS'   REPRESENTATIVES 

—  EXPORTS  — 


Cable    Address    "INTRACO"    ] 

Codes. 
Bentley's 
W.   U. 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 

Import    products    of    all 

countries    where    we 

are  located. 


Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods. 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited 

Head  Offices,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

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■  a y ,    19  19 


285 


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Monarch 

of  the 

Oaks 
Sole  Leather 


THE  STANDARD 

===  OF 

GOOD  LEATHER 


Tanned   from  Packer  Hides 
with  California  Oak  Bark 

It   will  wear  better  and 

turn  water  better  than 

any  other  leather. 


Backs 
Shoulders 


Bends 
Heads 


KUILLM AN    SALZ  ^  CO, 


TANNERS 

San  Francisco 


Chicago 


IHiiiiiiinimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinniiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM^^ 

|       PAGE  £r  JONES       | 

Ship  Brokers 

and 

Steamship  Agents 

Mobile      -      -      Alabama 

U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address  "PAJONES" 

ALL     LEADING     CODES     USED 

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|    VICTOR  PATKON    [ 

1  IMPOKT  1 

I  EXPORT  | 

SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 

CABLE:  ••PATRON" 


Established  1862 
Cable  Address:     "HAMMER" 

CODES: 

Western  Union,  A.  B,  C. 

5th  Edition,  Bentleys 

Hammer   &   Co. 

Exporters  and  Importers 

Handlers  of  American  Products 
and  Manufacturers 

Offices: 

310  CLAY  STREET 

Corner  Front  Street 

San  Francisco,  California 

Import  Specialties: 
Rice,  Beans,  Peas,  Walnuts,  Peanuts,  Vegetable  and  Fish 
Oils,  Coffee,  Copra,  Kapoc,  Spices,  Hemp,  Rubber,  Tapioca, 
General   Produce. 

Exporters  of: 

Grain,  Beans,  Hops,  Dried  Fruits,  Canned  Fruits,  Canned 
Salmon,  Canned  Sardines,  Canned  Vegetables,  Provisions, 
General    Produce,    Beverages,    Lumber,    Paper,    etc.     Sole 
Packers  "Eagle"  Brand  Apples,  Oranges  and  Lemons. 
Correspondence    Solicited 
Cif.  Prices  a  Specialty 


SCHWARTZ  BROS. 

INTERNATIONAL 
MERCHANTS 


Alaska  Commercial  Building 
310  Sansome  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

IMPORTS 


Animal    Oils 

Copra 

Nuts 

Beans 

Fertilizer 

Rubber 

Cereals 

Fibres 

Seeds 

Chemicals 

Fish   Oils 

Spices 

Cocoa    Beans 

Firecrackers 

Shellac 

Coffee 

Grease 

Tallow 

Copal 

Metals 

EXPORTS 

Tapioca 

Beverages 

Dried    Fruits 

Machinery 

Beans 

Drums 

Nuts 

Baled    Newspapers 

Enamelware 

Oil  Cloth 

Barrel    Shooks 

Food  Products 

Paints 

Chemicals 

Glass 

Steel 

Canned  Fruit 

Galvanized  Wire 

Structural 

Materials 

Cattle   Bones 

Leather 

Tinplate 

I 

Rosin                    Turp 

entine 

Branch    Office  —  Schwartz    &  Company 
Guatemala    City,    Guatemala,  C.  A. 


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286 


Pan     Pacific] 


Melville  S.  Toplitz 


F.  L.  Willekes  MacDonald 


MacDonald  &  Co. 

SAN  FRANCISCO 
494  Montgomery  Street 

Cable  Addrea.  MACDO.     All  Codea 

Vancouver,  B.  C,     744  Hastings  St.  W. 
New  York  City,  37  Liberty  Street 

Cable  Addreaa  MACDONALD.      VII  Codea 

Importers,   Exporters 
Tea  Experts 

Buyer's  Agents,  Indentors,  Warehousemen,  Shipping, 
Commission,  Consignments  Financed 

EXPORTS— 

Steel  Rails,  Bars,  Structural  Materials,  Machinery,  In- 
dustrial Chemicals,  Nails,  Tinplate,  Sheets,  Rosin,  Lin- 
seed Oil,  Drums,  Baled  Newspaper,  Enamelware,  Oil 
Cloth,  Food  Products,  Preserved  and  Dried  Fruits,  Beans, 
Liquors,  Licensed  Narcotics  and  Wholesale  Beverage 
Dealers. 

TEA  EXPERTS— 

Tea  Valuations  Furnished. 
|     IMPORTS— 

Raw  Products,  Oils,  Tea,  Rubber,  Chemicals,  Tallow, 
Spices,  Essential  Oils,  Fertilizer,  Tapioca,  Copra,  Co- 
coa, Ground  Nuts,  Peas,  Beans. 

We  take  complete  charge  of  shipments,  customs  entries, 
warehousing,  weighing,  sampling,  forwarding  to  inland  con- 
1      signee,  etc. 

SUBMIT  YOUR  OFFERS 


2 "IN 


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216  MapKerb  yx,  Can/b  OpaHinicKo,  Kaji.,  C.  III.  A. 

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Cable  Address   "Vlnmar."   Bentley's  Code 

MARVIN  SHOE  CO.  Inc. 

Shoes  Wholesale 

216  Market  Street 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  I '.  S.  A. 

Large  Stock  of 

Men's,  Women's,  Boys' 
and    Childrens'    Shoes 

Tennis  and  Outing 

SHOES 

All  styles  on  hand;  also 
Rubber  Boots  and  Shoes 


EXPORT  TRADE  SOLICIIED 


On   hand  for  immediate  shipment 

Cable  Address   "Vinmar." 

Bent.ey  Cf  de 


MARVIN  SHOE   CO.   Inc. 

COMERCIANTES  DE  ZAPATOS  AL   POR  MAYOR 

216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  EE.  UU. 

Gran  deposito  de  zapatos  para  hombres,  senoras  y  ninos 

Zapatos  para  jugar  tennis  y  para  el  campo. 

Tenemos  toda  clase  de  estilos,  asi  como  zapatos  de  hule 

para  embarcar  inmediatamente. 

Se   soliclta   el   comercio  de  exportation         "Vlnmar,"   C6d.    Bentley's 


^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiiiiiiiinniiraiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw 

Parent   Company  Resources  over 

$1,000,000 


Established  1857 


>£ 


El 


VOU  save  considerable  money  on  freight  rates  and 
get  faster  shipments  because  of  the  convenient 
location  of  our  factories. 

Write  for  a  copy  of  Catalogue  P  D  which  illustrate,  our 
complete  line  and  contain*  a  price  list. 

BA  Jk|B|Jk  Main  Offices: 

1#AC  I  ■■  I  *  -  Factories  67  New  Montgomery 

W^^^i^0WrW^0     Richmond,  Cal.  Street 

PLUMBING  FIXTURES       U' S' A         S*n  STaT1  C"L 
PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING  CO. 

■WMWWdi 


Associated  Manufacturers 
Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers'    Representatives 
LMPORTERS   and   EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce   and    Raw    Materials. 

EXPORTS 
Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address,  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 
All  Codes 

|    871  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal,,   U.  S.  A- 


May,     19  19 


287 


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ECONOMY!!! 

SPEED!!! 

EFFICIENCY!!! 

PATENTED 

; 

Ship  Plate  Tightener  i 

A  NEW  INVENTION                V 

¥^^ 

Portable — 22  inches  over  all— 
weighs  but  58  pounds 

1        k                             1      / 

1  M'i^'  cafl  ■  / 

EASILY  operated  by  one  man  and  helper.    Does 
n.                                    work  formerly  requiting  20  MEN:     TAKES  all 
^Ss,                          spring  out  o(   the  plates  by  its  immense  pres 
^.                       sure — a  factor  unobtainable  by  hand-pressure. 

20  Ton  Pressure 

BY  THE  STROKE 

^HEfcXT 

OF 

THE  HAND 

# 

1 

WRITE  OR  WIRE 

| 

H 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Co.,  inc. 

THIS  IS  HOW 

201-2  Maynard  Building 
SEATTLE,  WASH. 

|  The  McBride  Hydraulic 

SOLE  DISTRIBUTERS 

Plate  Tightener 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

= 

SKINNER  &  EDDY  CORPORATION 

SPEEDS  UP  SHIPBUILDING  IN 
SEATTLE  YARDS 

No.  3 

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Exerts — 20  ton  pressure 
Exerts— 1>0  ton    pressure 

Angle 

Scarphing  Machine 
Bevelling  and   Portable   Countersinking 
Motor  Driven  Machines 

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J.  A.  DRUMMOND   I  Rothwell  &  Co.  i„c 


Export  and  Import 

Berkley's  Code 

Manufacturers'  Export  Representative 

Prepared  to  Supply  All  Requirements  in 

Iron  and  Steel  Products 

Metals  of  All  Kinds 

Machinery  and  Industrial  Equipment 

Of  All  Descriptions 

Building  Material 

Chemicals 

Construction  and  Supply  Specialties 

Buy  and  Sell  for  account  of  foreign 

clients  merchandise  of 

every  description 

Operating  In 

Australia  China  Japan 

Dutch  East  Indies      Philippines 

British  India 

West  Coast  of  Mexico 

Central  and  South  America 

245  MISSION  STREET 
San  Francisco  California,  U.  S.  A. 


Hoge  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 

97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517  Kobe 

New  York  Havana,  Cuba  Japan 

|  IMPORTS: 

!    China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame    Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 

!  EXPORTS: 

I    Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye- 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


288 


Pan     Pacific 


lilimmmmmiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiii 


Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Co. 

Head  Office  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


IMPORTERS  —  EXPORTERS 

MANUFACTURERS  AGENTS 

PURCHASING  AGENTS 


WE  are  now  engaged  by  a  great  many  of  our  largest 
Corporations  to  promote  their  Foreign  trade.  Our 
specialized  service  consumates  sound  business  re- 
lations with  the  World's  leading  merchants.  We  open  to 
you  new  channels  of  International  trade  and  our  agents  co- 
operate effectively  in  creating  a  permanent  demand  for  your 
products.  We  invite  correspondence  with  American  manu- 
facturers also  Foreign  traders  seeking  a  market  for  their 
raw  and   manufactured   products. 

PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  CO. 

Reference:  Anglo  &  London  Paris  National  Bank,  San 
Francisco.     Cable  Address:  Paulrube.     All  Codes 


GLASSWARE! 

(For  Table  and  Sideboard} 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 
Direct  from  Factory  to  Dealer 

(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity. 
Write  for  catalogue  and  prices  TODAY,  Corres- 
pondence in  any  language.) 

Factories:         Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.  Knowles  China  Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 

Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 


618  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


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Murry  Jacobs  | 

A.  C.  Rulofson  Company 

DIRECT  MILL  REPRESENTATIVES 

IRON   and    STEEL    PRODUCTS 

SEATTLE  SAN  FRANCISCO  PORTLAND    ] 


mom 


SHOES 

Rubbers        Tennis 

Wholesale 


All  Kinds 
All  Styles 

ROGERS  I   I 

SHOE  CO. 

135  Bush  St.,  San  Francisco 
119  Lincoln  St.,  Boston 
"Bentley  Code  used"  =         |§ 

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T  F  A  TITFR  f°r  SH0ES' BAGS 

LjEjI\  I  JLl!lil\   SUITCASES,  ETC. 

0 


7 


&  ro 


Box  Calf,  Willow  Calf,  Tan  Box,   Patent  Leather,   Royal  Calf   Vici 

Kid  fBlack  Colors)  Sole  Leather 

Machinery,  Nails,  Eyelets,  Inks,  Shoemakers'  Supplies  of   AH 

Kinds.     Elastic  Webbing 

Western  Union  Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  Improved  Cable  Address,  "  Dolliver  ■ 


|  Dolliver  &  Bro. 

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1868— Fifty  Yesrs  of  Service-1918 

619-21  Mission  Street,  San  Francisco 


BOOTHS 


CRESCENT 
RAND 


Sardines 

F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 


AND 


Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office 

110  Market  Street 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


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W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES. 

Seattle 

Peru 

Costa  Rica 

Panama 

Los  Angeles 

Guatemala 

Nicaragua 

Ecuador 

New  Orleans 

Salvador 

Chile 

Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from   Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 

Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS  AND  FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and   Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"Venezuela"  "Ecuador"         "Colombia" 


Manila— East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

IN Bl  A  via Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"Colusa'  "Santa  Cruz" 


Panama  Service 

Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

1 ' Newport "   " Peru "   " City  of  Para ' '    - ' 'San  Jose ' '   ' 'San  Juan 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


FOR  FULL  INFORMATION  APPLY 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


Price  25  Cents 


U.  S.  Awakens  to  Pan  Pacific  Trade 


San  Francisco nr  1920! 


•t* 


Wonderful  Opportunity 
For  Pan  Pacific  Trade 
ress  is  Presented 


■■£i3$3Z.rA.' 


CHICAGO  CONVENTION  NUMBER 


AMAGAZINE/  INTERNATIONAL   COMMENCE 


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Trucks  for 
Wharf 
Warehouse 
Store  and 
Factory 


A  Complete  Stock 

Electric  Freight  Trucks,  Concrete  Machinery 

Wheelbarrows,  Gas  Engines,  Hoists,  Wheels 

Casters,  Steel  Scrapers,  Etc. 

HAVE  YOU  A  COPY  OF  OUR  CATALOG? 


MANUFACTURERS 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address 
"OuolansinK" 
San    Francisco 


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PURNELL  &  PAGET 


ARCHITECTS 

AND 

CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

CHAS.  S.  PAGET,  A.S.M.  A.M.  S.  C.E. 

Investigations — Inspections  Bridges  and   Steel   Structures 

Reports   and   Valuations  Wharf  and  Dock   Construction 

°ir i AlffpSr »1  BCSr„gstl0n    *™  -0  Harbor  Works 

Powp-    Plants  Investigation    and    Development    of    Mining 

Dif.K     I;   Foundations  Properties 

ESTABLISHED  IN  CHINA  16  YEARS 

f  Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
OFFICES    <^  Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,  China 

[  American  National  Bank  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


>  ... 


graphic  Address,  "PANEL"  Western  Union  Code,  A. B.C.,  5th  Edition 


31111111 Illlimillllllllllllli illMIIIII" IIIMIIIII":        .11111 1 Illlllllllllllllll II Ill r  r  d  1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F I  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r .- 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  -  j , mm :,, iiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii IIMIIIIMIIIMI IIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Illlllllllll IlillR 


tie     I  9  1  9  ■  49 

_   tii]iti>tjiii»giiiirfiiiir[iiiiiiiiiiiiii(MTiiti<iiiiiiiii>iiirriiiiiiii!rriiifiiJTMiiTiiiriiiirtiiittiii«<iirfiiMiiiit]iiitiiiitMiiciiiifiiittiiriiiiMiiiT(iiitiiiirinjiMiiiiJt  iiiiriiiiniiiLiiiiMiiTiiiniiifiiiitiiiiiMiniiiiMiiiiiiitiiiiriiiTMiiTinfriiiiriiiJiiiriniiiMiitMiitniiriiniiiniiiJiMitMiiiMiitMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiii^ 

a 

Java-China-Japan  Lijn    | 


BETWEEN 


San  Francisco 


AND 


Netherlands  East  Indies 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  'MM  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO.  I 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San   Francis.^ 

I 

i  h  miii  mil  i  iiinimi  1 1  mi  1 1  mi  i  mi  i  nil  i  in  i  in]  i  nil  mi]  i  in  i  in]  i  ih  i  m  m^ 


50  •  Pan  Pacific 

^imiimiitiiiimiiiiiiimimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiii mi mil iiiniiiiiiiiiiiii::iiiiiiim nun linn iiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii inn mi i i iiiiiiiiiini imiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiii inn iiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiii iiiimiiiiiiii lining 

|    JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc.    | 

I  SAN  FRANCISCO  | 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

HARDWARE 

Direct  From  Factory  to  Dealer  or  Consumer 

We  Are  Direct  Factory  Agents  For 
"Russwin"  Builders  Hardware 


General  Hardware 

Parlor  Door  Hangers 
Barn  Door  Hangers 
Roofing  and  Building  Paper 
Tackle  Blocks  and  Pulleys 
Paint  and  Wire  Brushes 
Cordage  and  Chain 


Paints 
Oils 

Varnishes 

TOOLS 


Household  Goods 

Stoves — Ranges 

Tinware 

Aluminum  and  Enamelware 

Bathroom  Fixtures 

Electric  and  Gas  Appliances 

Chinaware  and  Glassware 


We  carry  a  Complete  Line  of 
Wrenches — Files — Mechanics,  Machinists  and  Automobile  Tools,  Drills  and  Edged  Tools 

— Manufacturers  of^= 


Special  Steel  Tools — Fire  Door  Hardware — Crowbars — Chisels — Punches — Ripping  Bars 

Sporting  Goods 

Arms  and  Ammunition — Cutlery — Baseball — Tennis  and  Golf  Accessories 
We  also  handle  the  Celebrated  Lines  of 
EDWIN  M.  KNOWLES  CHINA  COMPANY 
FOSTORIA  GLASS  COMPANY 
BUFFALO  POTTERY  (Hotel  China) 

Foreign  ^Orders  Promptly  and   Carefully   Executed 

When   ordering   any  of  the   above  articles   or   asking  for  catalogs  be  sure  to  give  full  particulars 

CORRESPONDENCE  IN  ALL  LANGUAGES 
Will  act  as  purchasing  agent  on  a  brokerage  basis  for  responsible  houses 

—  Address  — 

JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc. 

1053  Market  Street       San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


fmNNiiiiiiiiiiimiiniiiiijiiinjiiiNiiMiiimiimiimiiimiiniiiiiM 


June    19  19 


51 


gmmmmiiiMiiimiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiin inni niiiiiinii inni miiiimiimiiiiiiiimiii iiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimmii iiiiiiiiimi imii iinm nun iiiiiiiiiiimiuiiiiiiiiiiiii mill n imiiniiimii urn mi mm iiiiiiimiue 


MANUFACTURERS 


AND 


WHOLESALE  DEALERS  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— CHILDRENS  AND  INFANTS 

SHOES 


Cable  Address 
"NESCO"  Bentley's  Code 


WE    HAVE  ONE   OF  THE    LARGEST    STOCKS    ON    THE    PACIFIC    COAST 
ALL  STAPLE  AND  LATEST  STYLES  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  CHARGES  PREPAID 

25  FREMONT  STREET 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  CO. 


•     Pacific  Coast  j 

United    States  of   America 

Buyers'  Headquarters     \ 
The  100%  Club  I 

Arcade  Floor  Monadnock  Bldg,  San  Francisco   | 

An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained   for  the  benefit  of    1 
buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is    | 
maintained.      All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers.     | 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and  | 

merchants.      Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods  I 

and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.       All  are  leaders  in  | 

their  line.  = 

We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation.     | 

Business   connections   established.      Correspondence   invited   in   any   foreign    1 
language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE,  Sec.-Treas.        | 

iiiiiiiimnimiiimiiuiiimimiimiimiimimiimiiimimiiimimiimimiimimimimiimiiiiiimimiiiiiiMiiiiiiimiimimiimimiimiimimi^ 
iiiiiiiinMiiiiiiiiiiMiuiiifiiiifiiiniiitiiiHiiniiiiiiiiniiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiuiiiuiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiuiiitiiiniiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ 

Cambria  Spring  Company    I 

INCORPORATEDD 
"PROVEN  QUALITY" 


F.muiiiiiiimiHtimfiiiimiiiiMiiMiiNitiMiimmMifiimiiiitiiiimiiiiMniMim 

^j  jiiiiiiiiirriirfiiiiiEiiiriiiitiiiJiiiirMiiMiiiitiifriuriiiiiriiiiMiirtiiJiriiiir iitiiirriiirtiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiJitiiiriiiiriifTiiiiMijriiiTriiiiiiiitiiirMitiiiriiiijri  iij         ^  ■  iiriiiiiiirtiJirMijrEiiiriiiiMiiriiiJtiiiriiixrriirriijrriirFiiJiiiJiMJiiriiiriiiitiJiriiiitiiiriiiiMiiriiiiriiitiiiiLiJirtiJitiJiiiiiiMiiitiiiiEiiitiiiiriiiiMiirriiiEiMM  *^ 

BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  j 

Cup,    Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL    INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    j 

OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
i      SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.   Luna   Binondo,   Manila,     i 
P.   I.— P.   M.   SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,   N.   S.   W.— 
P.    LAFARGUE,   Casilla  308,   Valparaiso,  Chile 

niiiimimiiimmimiimiimiimimiimiiiMimiiimiiMiiimmmMmiimiimimiiimmimimiimiimimimiimiimimmiiMmiiiiiimmimmiiiif; 

'^iniin!IUIIIIMIIIIi:illllllllinillllllll!linilllllllMlinil!lllltMHIIIIIIIIilllllMIII[llllllll[|lltlllllllllllltllllM!l[MIUII!IIIIIIMIIIII]IMIIItllllllllllllllllllll^ 

[         JAMES  P.  DWAN  | 

621  American  National  Bank  Building 

EXPORTER  —  IMPORTER 

General  Purchasing  Agent  for  Foreign  Buyers 

Building  Materials 
Machinery,  Ores,  Metals,  Oils 

Offices  at 

539  CITIZENS  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING 

Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

MISSIONS  BUILDING,  THE  BUND,  CANTON,  CHINA 

Cable  Address,  "DWAN" 

3 iiiiiimimimi mi  imii  iiiji  iiimiii  mi  i  mii  i  mi  tiu  i  > iiiimiimiimimiimiimiiMiimiiiimiiiiiimimmiimiiMiiiiiiimmiiimmiimir. 

lii 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1  [  i  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  [  [  1 1  [  1 1 1 1 1  [  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  [  1 1 1 1 1  ■  ■  1 1  ■  ■  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1  [  ■  1 1 1 imiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiy 

The  Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.  Co. 

Parent    Company    Established    1873 
IMPORTERS  —  EXPORTERS 
COMMISSION  MERCHANTS 

Laughlin  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 
=     IMPORTS—  = 

TEA,  COFFEE,  SPICES,  COCOA  BEANS,  CHICLE,  RUBBER,      ! 
COPRA,  PEANUTS,  PALM  OIL,  COCOANUT  OIL,   TAPIOCA,      I 
|  GENERAL  PRODUCE. 

§     EXPORTS- 
HARDWARE,      MACHINERY,      TOOLS,      LUMBER,      DRIED     = 
=  FRUITS,  CANNED  FRUITS,  CANNED  SARDINES,   CANNED     = 

SALMON,      CANNED     TUNA,      CALIFORNIA     BEVERAGES, 
GENERAL  PRODUCE. 
I     Sole   Export  Agents  for  South  and  Central  America  of  "M.  O.   E." 
REFINED    ELATERITE   Carbonite   Coating.     Air   Water,   Acid, 
Alkali,    Oxygen,    Nitrogen    and    Electricity- proof 
Write  for  Catalogue  and   Sample.     Good   Territory  Open. 
Cable  Address:     "CLEIMPCO."     All  Codes 
|        Correspondence    Solicited     and     Conducted     In    All     Languages 

niiiiiiiiiniiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiniiniiiniiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiinMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiuii^ 


1 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 

niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiliiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiih. 


52  Pan  Pacific 

4IIIIIIIIIIIIIIUMIIIIIIIII mill r <  i  ii  1 1  ii  i imiimi i iiiiimiiiiiiimiii iiimiimini iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiib        WUM iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniii mil iiiiiiiiiiiiniii iiiullHillllll iiiiiiiiin nun iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu| 

I     CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI  EDWARD   P.   BARRY     1 


Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 

San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 
|   Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast   |      | 
Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books       |      | 
Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 

fi)«li  Jim  ■iilJillrtillllflllllllllllllTtllliiiiliitiiijiiiiriiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiriiijiriiiiiiiiitliiiiiijriiijiiiijriiiiiiiiiiiurillitllllllllJilllliliiiiiijriiijiriijiriijiiiii  iT^         ^7i  iiiijiiiKiiirilllTllllllllliillJJliiKlllflllltllllJlllllllJllllJllllllllllllJllllJJliJiiiiiiiijriiiiriliiiillieiljrilijlliiiliiiriltiiiiriiiiiiiutillj  il  nr  t  iiiuiiiTt  ■■■  ijii  nfr. 

Km iiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimniiiiii iiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiimilMilimimiili mnimuiiiimiiiiniiniNiiminiiiiiii iiimnin iiiiiiliiiiliiiliiiilliini iiiilmlimimHlllimumilinimillllllimillimmilllliiimiimniiMmiiiiiiiiiiiiiillllllllMlllliminimiimillllllllllliy 


ECONOMY!!! 


SPEED!!! 

PATENTED 


Ship  Plate  Tightener 

A  NEW  INVENTION 


EFFICIENCY!!! 


Portable 22  inches  over  all — 

weighs  but  58  pounds 

EASILY  operated  by  one  man  and  helper.  Does 
work  formerly  requiting  20  MEN:  TAKES  all 
spring  out  of  the  plates  by  its  immense  pres- 
sure— a  factor  unobtainable  by  hand-pressure. 


20  Ton  Pressure 

BY  THE  STROKE 

OF 

THE  HAND 


THIS  IS  HOW 


The  McBride  Hydraulic 
Plate  Tightener 

SPEEDS  UP  SHIPBUILDING  IN 
SEATTLE  YARDS 


Shipbuilders  Machinery  Co.,  i 


No.  2  Exerts— 20  ton  pressure 
No.  3  Exerts— GO  ton   pressure 


MANVFACTVRERS  OF 

SKINNER  &  EDDY  CORPORATION 

Scarphing  Machine 

Angle  Bevelling  and   Portable    Countersinking 

Motor  Driven  Machines 


S"ai  ■■i>ii]iriiiiiiiirti]iiti)iitijirt)jiii]iitiiiiiiijiitiiiiiiiiriiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiijiii<iJtiiiitiiiJifiiiiiriiiiirijiiitjjii[iiiiiiiiiiiiiti>iiiiijiiiiiiitiiii>iJiifiiiir«iir>iijii>]itiijii>ijiriijii>aiiiiiiit>iiiiiaiiiiii[iijjiiiiiiiijitiiiiri)jitiiiiiii mini minimum i iiiimniiiniimimnmi miniiiiiiiiiiiin- 


June    19  19 

imiiiiiiiiiiHiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiinii iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii nun nun n I MUM mm ini' 

|  Clyde  Equipment  I 
Company 


53 


1    PORTLAND 


SEATTLE    ! 


Machinery  and  Supply 
Merchants 


542    First    Avenue    South 


Seattle,  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


^liii iiiiiiitiJiJiitJiiittiiitfirrciiriiitiiiiiiiiitiJiiiiiitiiJiiiiiritJiiiiiriiiiiiitiiiiiriiiiiiiitiiiJiiiiiiiiJiiutiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiitriiiiiiJiiiiiiiiitiiitiiiiriiiiriiiiiirr? 
^jiii  j  jiniif  iiiiii  [iijiitiijitiiirtiJiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiJiii»iMiiiiMJiii]iii»iiiiiiiiiiiiii>tiitiiiiitiirEUiitiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiituiiii]tiiiiiiiit[iifiiiiiiii[iiJitintiiiiii>tin^ 


Cable  address 

Llewellyn                ^^^ 

Los  Angeles            ~^f^ 

m   ^t  y  ww^t    -^_.                                    Code  Used 
/"    %/%/      r^       M              W~       -^     5th  Edition 

^ 

made:    in     u   5A                ^    ^^^        a 

LOS  ANGELES.CAL.                                                     ^ 

IRON  WORKS 

LOS    ANGELES    CAL. 

CARGO 

Cg,                                 TANKS 

and 

r^      '*«***»^_               MARINE  ENGINES 

CHAIN 

F                         Wttl^     MARINE  BOILERS 

co 
O 

g 
3 

WENCHES 

GO 

a 

h 

P4 

o 

to 

>< 
> 

< 

CO 

< 
u 

X 

H 

CO 

ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

INGOTS,  BILLETS,  BARS,  SHAPES 

STRUCTURAL  STEEL  FABRICATORS 


^nii  iiiiiriiiitiiiifiiiriiiiiiiitiiitriiiiujfriitiatrtJiitriiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiJiiiiJiiiTiiiJiiiifriiiriiiiiiirriiitiiijriiiiiiiiriiiJiiiiitiiitiiiMiiiiiiiiiLiiiiiiii  eiilh^ 

IMMEDIATE     DELIVERY 
FROM    STOCK 


luiumimiimimii 


Iron 
Bolts 
Chain 
Axes 


Steel 
Nuts 
Waste 
Saws 


Belting      Pulleys 
Logging  Tools 


inimiiiinmnimi 


1  MillandMine Supply Co. 

I  Cable  Address  "Milesmine"    Seattle,  U.S.A. 


~dJiiiiiiiiiriiiitiMiiiiitiiiiriiijrriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii>iiiiiiiiiitu<fiiitJiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiMiiiii44iiitiiiiiiij[Eiiiiiiuiiiittiiitiiitiii)riiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiJtiiiitiiirii7:         fT»n j  riiittiiiiiii4iiiiiiiiiiiiiii<iiitiiiiiiii[iiiiiiii]fiiii«iiiiMiiriiiiiiiiiitiiirriii4iiiJiiiii4iiiJFiiiJiiiiiiiiifiiiJitiiiiiiiiitiii*iiiiriiiiiiiii iiiitiiiitiiirtiiuiiiii«7^ 


54 


Pan  Pacific 


^iiiiiiiniiii!ii]iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii[iiiiniiiiiiiii!i]iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii' 
Cable  Address:  "DILL" 


Watch  for  this  Trade-Mark 

EXPORTERS  OF 

Steel  Products  Chemicals  Dye  Stuff      I 

|     Acids  Hematine  Barytes  I 

Caustic  Soda  Soda  Ash  Phenol 

Rosin  Turpentine 

and  Raw  Materials  for  All  Industries 

IMPORTERS  OF 

|    Fish  Oil                                     Cocoanut  Oil  Castor  Oil     1 

Soya  Bean  Oil                             Rape  Seed  Oil  Tallow 

|     Hides                                           Beans  Peanuts            | 

|    Coffee                                . ,        Copra  Silks 

Rattans  Etc.  1 

|    DILL  CROSETT,  Inc.    I 

|  235  Pine  Street  San  Francisco    I 

Branch  Offices 

128  William  Street  New  York 

328  Sannomiya'Cho,  1  Chome    Kobe  Japan 

Union  Bank  Chambers         Sydney,  Australia 

.TTriiirMjiiijiiiiiiiiijMiitiiiiLMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMirjiiijiiiiiMiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriijiiDiriiirMriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiijr itMuriiiiiiijiiiiiriiirjiiijiiuitur? 

HJiiiniiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinMiniiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiniMUiiniiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiMiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiil 

I  ♦ 

I   The  Sumitomo  Bank,  Ltd.    | 

SAN  FRANCISCO 
315-319  California  Street 

(¥100.=$50.) 

Capital    Yen  30,000,000.00 

Paid  up   26,250,000.00 

Reserve  Fund  4,500,000.00 

Deposits  (31st  December  1918)  267,000,000.00 

BARON  K.  SUMITOMO,  President 

Head  Office:    Osaka,  Japan 
Home  Offices  in  all  important  cities  in  Japan 

Foreign  Branches: 

6  = 

Seattle,  New  York,  London,  Shanghai, 
Hankow,  Bombay 

E  E 

Affiliated  Office: 
Sumitomo  Bank  of  Hawaii,  Honolulu 

The  Bank  buys,  sells  and  receives  for  collection 
Drafts  and  Telegraphic  Transfers;  issues  Com- 
mercial and  Travelers'  Letters  of  Credit  avail- 
able in  all  important  parts  of  the  world. 

c  "  = 

H  = 

E.iMimiiimiHiiiimiiuiiiiiiiiHiiii inn t i iiiiiiimmii iinimimnimimmimi nn innii i mmiimnT, 


^initinriii  tiiiiuiiirniuriiJiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiif  iiiiJiirtiiiftiiuMuiiiijriiiiiiritiiiiiiiiTiiiJJtiiJiiiiiMiiiiiitiiiiriiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiiii  tiiiriiuiiirciiiiiiMiii[ii>i^ 

I  SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  I 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

I    Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A    j 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 
|    SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "  Kelley" 
TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile   Machinery. 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


illlllllllMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIMIIIIIIIllllllllllMllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIilMIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIII? 
HJIIIIMIIIMIIIMIIMIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIMIIIIIIMinilllllllMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIII IIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIMIIMMIMIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIII^ 

|    Dependable  Service    I 


THE  annals  of  the  Wells  Fargo 
Nevada  National  Bank  of  San 
Francisco,  a  merger  of  the  Wells 
Fargo  &  Co's  Bank  and  the  Nevada 
National  Bank,  is  the  history  of 
banking  in  California. 

Since  1852  this  institution  has 
maintained  its  position  of  helpful 
co-operation  in  commercial  activities 
across  the  Pacific. 


Wells  Fargo  Nevada 
National  Bank 

OF  SAN  FRANCISCO 
Capital  and  Surplus  over  $1 1 ,000,000 

.TiiiililiniiiiuiiMiiii!iiiiiiiiiitiiinii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiii!iiiiiniiMiiiiniiiiiiiiiitiMiiiiiiiiiiiiii:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiii!iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiif; 


June    1 9 I 9 


->:> 


^(nillllUIIMIIIIIIIIII!llllMIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIII!llli:ilMllltllllt!llltllllHlll!lllllllttllinilltlllilllHIIIIIMIII!IIIIIIIIMIIItllHIIIHIIIHIIIIIIIII!lllltlllltltll!lll^  ^MUlllUIIIIIIIIMIIIMinillinilllllUIIIUIIIIIIinMIIIMnillltllllMIIIIIIIMIllMIIIIIHMIIIIIIHIIItllllllllllllllllllMinillllllUIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIinilllMIItJ 


PLANTING  THE 
FLAG  OF  THE 
ADMIRAL     LINE 
IN  THE  ORIENT 


L.  Dinkelspiel  Company 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


DRY  GOODS 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bids.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

112  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco        8  BRIDGE  ST.,  New  York 

Manila      Hong  Kong      Vladivostok       Shanghai      Singapore       Kobe    Yokohama 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


1   NOTIONS  and 
I   FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece     Goods   —   Linens  —    1 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    j 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    j 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  Ticks    I 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's  [ 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —  | 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —   | 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

j    Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 


.aiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimtiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;        ^MiiMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiT 

'^HiiiiuiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiMiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiHiiniiiiMiiMiiininiiiniiuiiiniiiiMiiiinMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiit^        ^riiiriiiiriu  irriiriiiiriiJiiiririiiriiirMiriMiriiiiiiiitiittiiirtiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiTiiirTiiiriiiitiiitJiiiiiiiiiiiriiitTiiiiiiiiMiitiiiTnittiiitriiiiiiiiiiii  [tiiiiiiitiiitini^ 

I  National  Products  Co.  I  !  Ingrim-Rutledge  Company  j 


GRAIN  MERCHANTS 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

519  CALIFORNIA  STREET 

San  Francisco,  Calif. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


Exporters  of 

Wheat,    Barley,    Corn,    Flour,    Beans, 
Rice,  Dried  Fruit  and  Canned  Goods 


PRINTERS 

STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Importers  of 

Grain,  Grain  Bags,  Beans,  Rice,  Coffee, 
Tapioca,  Spices,  Hides,  Tin  &  Gambier 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment 

Office   Furniture 

Loose   Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF   OFFICE   SUPPLIES 


CABLE  ADDRESS—' '  NAPRO ' ' 

Correspondence  Invited 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


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56 


Pan  P  a  c  if  i 


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jjlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllNIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Ill 


NIPPON  YUSEN   KAISHA]  [  Skinner  &  Eddy  Corporation 


(JAPAN    MAIL   STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head   Office,  Tokyo 


Fleet  99— Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE  j 

Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via   Japan   Ports,    § 
Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 
All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

Greatly   Improved    Fast    Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern     | 
Twin  and  Triple   Screw   Steamships   with   Unequaled 
Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT:  1 

S.    S.    Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons         S.  S.   Katori   Maru 19,200  tons  | 

S.   S.   Fushimi    Maru.    21,020  tons         S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons  s 

S.   S.    Kashima    Maru. .19,200  tons        S.   S.    Kamo    Maru 16,000  tons  | 

For   further   information,    rates,    tickets,   berth    reservation,   etc.,  | 

apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United  States  § 

and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs.  = 

Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist  = 
agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  jYUSEN  KAISHA 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


.^illiiiilllllllllllllillliniiiniiniliniiiinili'iiiniiiiiiMniiiniiniiiiiiiiiniiiniiliiiillliiiniiiiiiinillniiniiiniiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiHiMlfiliniiiniiiiiiiir. 
=±jiiiltllllJlltlllll  llllllllllllllllllitiiiitiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiJiiiiJiitiiiliiJifi]ii[iiiitiiiiliiiritijiiiiiEiirillliriiiiiiurtiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiltiiiiillllllflllliiiliLtliii_E£ 


!     Cable  Address,  "Connell" 


All  Codes 


Connell  Bros. 
Company 

GENERAL  IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


HOME  OFFICE 
L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICE 
485  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


OFFICES  ALSO  AT 
I    Shanghai  Manila  Hong  Kong  Singapore 


Correspondence  Solicited 


RECORD 

BUILDERS 


OF 


Steel  Cargo 
STEAMSHIPS 


SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


U.  S.  A. 


T^iiiiriiJiiiiJiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiriiJieiiiriiiiiiirLiiiiiiJitiiJiiiiiiiiJiriiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiriiJiiiiiiiiiiriiJFiiiiiiiiiiiiriiirtijjiiiiiiiiiiiiijriiaiiiiitiiiitiiiitiii 
^^-  irEijitiiiiriiiiiiifiiiiiiiii[iiiitiiiriijiiiiitiiii(it]riiii[iiJiiiir[iiiiiii4tii]iiiiiriiiiiiiiriijiiii4«iiixriiJiiiJifiiiiii]tii]iriiJtiuitii]riii]riiiii[ii]iiiiifiiiiiiiii 

I  Rothwell  &  Co.  inc. 

Hoge  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers—Exporters 
Shipping 


97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517 
New  York  Havana,  Cuba 


Kobe 

Japan 


IMPORTS: 

China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame    Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 


EXPORTS: 

Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye- 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


fiiMllllMllliiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiinMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiilliiiiHiillMiiniiiuiiiniiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiir         niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini 


June     19  19 


i  nil  Jim  lliltliill  [in  rFiii]  [riniiittMll  tin  j  r lllMliiniiiiilllll illllllllilllliiiinilil mill IE 


atiimimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiitiniiiiiimiiiniits' 
JUNE,  1919 
Vol.111  No.  2    1! 


lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIC 


FIllllllllltlllUllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllinillllMMII^ 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry Consulting  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Dazaro    Basch    Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

F.  J.  Menzies  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  defoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618  Mission   Street,  San    Francisco 


I* 


1 

I 
1 


* 

to 


1 1  Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

rt]|    Dawn  of  a  New  Era The  Editor  59 

To  Sell  We  Also  Must  Buy James  A.  Farrell  60 

(j)  I     We  Want  To  Be  Rid  of  Red  Tape Edward  N.  Hurley  61 

Pleasing  the  Customer George  Ed.  Smith  62 

Acceptances  in  Foreign  Trade D.  C.  Wills  63 

Fine  Plans  for  Business F.  R.  Sites  6U 

Give  the  Buyer  WJiat  He  Wants ..W.  H.  Knox  65 

jjjl     Will  Webb  Law  Work  Out John  Welch  66 

*:♦!    New  Flexible  Tariff  Law W.  C.  Culbertson  66 

Kjl     Quote  in  American  Dollars J.  McCurrach  67 

Hi    Future  of  Shipbuilding  Industry Homer  L.  Ferguson  67 

Lowest  Costs  Will  Get  Orders Wm.  Pigott  68 

Ml    Parcel  Post  Expansion  Urged M.  D.  Howell  68 

."  j     Choosing  the  Man  To  Go D.  E.  Delgado  69 

Kj!|     Europe  Will  Not  Be  Competitor Maurice  Coster  69 

j|l     Editorial  ,_ 70 

t|j     What  China  Means  To  Civilization W.  R.  McGarry  72 

m  |     Mexico,  Awakening,  Asks  Square  Deal Lazaro  Basch  7A 

§ 

.*.  J) mini mi imiimiimnmimiimiimimiii iiimiimiiimimiimiimni iiimiiiiiiimimiimimiimiimiimimiimiimimiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiin miniiiimiii in mm i iiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimilillillll..,. 


"8  Pan  Pacific 

yililiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiuii Ulllllllllll in i nun nimiiinn in in i iniimnini iiiiiiiini iiiiiimimiimiiiiiiim in iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiniiiniiiiiiimimi miiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiini iiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiinj. 


I  *"  Ocean    Transport    G>^  | 

(  TAIYO    KAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA  ) 

OP    KOBE.  JAPAN 

Agents   At  All  Principal   Ports   In  T*e   Would 

Operating      Modem     Freight     Steamers 
100   Al   UojAs; 

Regular      Direct      Service 

To      St       From 

San  Francisco  Seattle]  Vancouver 

And 

"Yokohama,  Kobe.  Shanghai, 
Hongkong,  Manila, 
Singapore 

Frequent        Sailings     Tc 

Vladivostok  *  North  China  Ports 

We     Solicit    Your    Inquiries    For  Cargoes 
To    All  Principal  Ports   In   Tre  Would 

<rans  Oceanic  G>. 

Pacific   coast  agents 

SAN     fftANCtfCO        -R*.  ^cTAtTtE  <%»  \Za«COUV6« 

324  SANtfOCM   ST  AMfRiCAN  BanR  0L»«.  Y0*ksm<*«      0COO. 

Chicago         ^        Mew    Vork; 

646  MflR<5ue-ffe  fftOG.  71     0ROADWAV 

^JllllllllHllltllllMIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIilllilllMIIMillllilllllHIIIMIIinilllMlllilllllllllHIIlUllllllllllllinilinillllllHIIIII^ 


June    19/9 


59 


commerc 


Dawn  of  a  New  Trade  Era 


THE  dawn  of  a  new  era  in  world  commerce  was  her- 
alded at  Chicago.  The  Sixth  National  Foreign  Trade 
Convention,  opening  America's  door  to  it,  outlined  the 
trails  and  marked  the  rocks  in  a  short  cut  to  international 
ascendancy.  It  was  an  epochal  assembly  of  American 
business  Generals,  that  convened  at  the  call  of  the  National 
Foreign  Trade  Council,  and  its  deliberations  will  be  looked 
back  upon  as  the  starting  point  on  a  wonderful  new  road 
of  barter  and  exchange. 

In  the  belief  that  Pan-Pacific  trade  and  development 
will  be  best  served  by  the  exploitation  of  the  trend  of 
thought  at  the  Chicago  convention  this  number  of  PAN- 
PACIFIC  magazine  is  largely  given  up  to  the  views  ex- 
pressed and  counsel  offered  by  recognized  leaders  among 
the  two  thousand  trade  and 
industrial  chiefs  gathered 
there  from  all  sections  of 
the  United  States. 

Naturally  it  is  impossible 
to  present  all  the  conven- 
tion addresses  here  in  their 
entirety,  excellent  though 
they  were,  but  the  list  has 
been  carefully  surveyed  and 
the  subject-matter  of  papers 
of  most  immediate  concern 
in  the  Pacific  field,  perused 
for  selection  or  condensa- 
tion. The  result  is  offered 
in  a  compendium  of  the  con- 
vention, in  which  the  high 
spots,  at  least,  are  touched 
with  an  occasional  slower 
flight  where  the  prominence 
of  the  speaker  or  value  of 
his  ideas  demand  it. 

Of  particidar  interest  to 
this  Coast  and  fraught  with 
big  possibilities  for  Pan- 
Pacific  trade  was  the  selec- 
tion of  San  Francisco  as  the  location  of  the  Seventh  Na- 
tional Foreign  Trade  Convention.  A  San  Francisco  dele- 
gation one  hundred  strong,  backed  by  delegations  from 
other  Pacific  ports,  found  practically  no  opposition  at  Chi- 
cago to  bringing  the  1920  congress  of  overseas  trade  to  the 
Golden  Gate. 

The  opinion  was  quite  generally  expressed  by  speakers 
i  at  Chicago  that  the  year  now  unfolding  will  be  decisive  in 
|  the  overseas  commerce  of  the  United  States.  With  this 
[  nation  in  the  position  of  chief  creditor  of  the  world  and 
;  debtor  nations  likely  to  curtail  purchases  because  of  in- 
I  ability  to  pay  for  same,  action  was  urged  in  financing 
j  crippled  nations,  that  they  may  maintain  their  purchasing 
power  and  provide  a  free  flow  of  goods  from  this  country. 


Big  Foreign  Trade   Convention 

In  San  Francisco  in  May   1920 


need  was  frequently  expressed  for  immediate  steps  looking 
to  the  absorption  in  this  country  of  foreign  securities.  The 
opinion  seemed  unanimous  that  American  banks  must  lead 
the  way  in  solving  this  problem  upon  which  the  future  of 

American  foreign  trade  largely  rests. 

« 

A  resolution  unanimously  adopted  by  the  convention 
urged  the  earliest  possible  completion  of  the  government's 
shipbuilding  program  and  the  removal  of  all  restrictions 
on  American  shipbuilding,  together  with  the  free  construc- 
tion of  vessels  for  sale  to  foreign  interests.  Opposition  to 
any  continuance  of  government  operation  of  the  United 
States  merchant  marine  was  declared.  It  was  further 
urged  that  government  owned  vessels  be  allocated  to  suit- 
able trades  and  trading  routes  for  operation  by  any  quali- 
fied- competent  American 
shipping  enterprise,  under 
conditions  of  sale  or  charter 
that  will  permit  of  their  send- 
ing the  American  flag  to  any 
port  of  the  world  on  a  fair 
trading  competitive  basis. 

Enactment  of  laws  pro- 
viding a  bargaining  tariff 
for  the  protection  of  Amer- 
ican commercial  interests  in 
foreign  countries  was  also 
called  for  by  resolution. 
Extension  of  international 
parcels  post  service  likewise 
was  demanded. 

The  revolutionary  trend 
of  the  times  was  indicated 
in  a  resolution  asking  Gov- 
ernment action  to  develop 
aerial  commerce.  The  plan 
for  the  air  service  was 
launched  at  the  convention 
by  Colonel  Bingham,  for- 
mer Yale  professor  and  now 
an  aerial  expert. 
"This  convention  urges  Congressional  consideration  of 
suitable  plans  for  developing  aerial  navigation,"  read  the 
report.  "The  establishment  of  the  necessary  aids  to  such 
navigation,  the  investigation  and  development  of  the  fun- 
damental principles  of  commercial  aeronautics,  the  promo- 
tion of  airship  service  to  overseas  countries,  are  matters 
which  demand  the  present  establishment  of  a  separate  de- 
partment of  the  Government." 

No  more  vibrant  chord  was  struck  than  when  James  W. 
Hook,  president  of  the  Allied  Machine  Company,  declared 
that  American  goods  should  be  sold  abroad  by  Americans. 
Mr.  Hook  referred  to  America  as  the  "greatest  specialist 
manufacturer. ' ' 

Because  of  lack  of  space  all  the  addresses  summarized 
for  this  magazine  cannot  be  printed  in  this  number. 


THE  Seventh  National  Foreign  Trade  Convention  under  the 
auspices  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Council  will  be 
held  in  the  Civic  Auditorium,  San  Francisco,  May  12  to  16, 
1920,  inclusive.  The  general  committee  in  charge  will  consist 
of  J.  J.  Donovan,  Bellingham;  William  Pigott,  Seattle;  H.  F. 
Alexander,  Tacoma;  Frederick  J.  Koster,  J.  K.  Armsby  and 
Capt.  Robert  Dollar,  San  Francisco,  with  one  representative 
each  from  Portland  and  Los  Angeles  to  be  appointed  later. 
Messrs.  Koster,  Armsby  and  Dollar  will  form  the  executive 
committee,   having  complete   control  of  all   arrangements. 

The  1920  convention  promises  to  be  an  epoch  making  event 
in  the  history  of  the  Pacific  Coast,  and  particularly  of  San 
Francisco.  The  gathering  will  be  given  a  truly  international 
aspect  through  the  development  of  a  broad  Pan-Pacific  motif. 

Special  steamers  for  the  accommodation  of  American  mer- 
chants located  in  the  Orient  and  in  South  America  are  to  be 
operated  from  Calcutta  and  Valparaiso,  which  will  stop  en 
route  at  the  larger  ports  to  take  aboard  delegates  to  the  con- 
vention. It  is  planned  to  make  it  a  great  Pan-Pacific  con- 
vention. 


60 


Pan  Pacific 


To  Sell,  We  Also  Must  Buy 

President  of  the  United   States  Steel   Corporation   Discusses   Problems 

of  the  American  Merchant  Marine 


IN  connection  with  the  development 
of  American  shipping  from  first  to 
last  the  impelling  force  of  the  process 
has  been  the  dictates  of  necessity. 
Anything  which  could  properly  be 
called  policy  that  has  guided  the  pro- 
cess has  been  the  product  of  a  felt 
want,  and  to  that  extent  at  least  has 
lacked  the  element  of  deliberate 
choice. 

The  temporary  appearance,  as  a 
military  necessity,  of  the  Government 
of  the  United  States  as  a  shipbuilder 
and  ship  owner  on  a  colossal  scale 
does  not  render  it  any  less  a  fact  that 
the  future  of  the  American  merchant 
marine  must  depend  on  the  attractions 
which  it  offers  to  the  employment  of 
private  capital  and  the  application  of 
private  enterprise.  The  steamship 
business  is  one  requiring  special  and 
exceptional  aptitudes.  The  men  en- 
gaged in  it  have  to  match  their  wits 
against  the  keenest  in  the  world;  have 
to  be  prompt  in  decision,  resourceful, 
expedient  and  expert  in  the  calcula- 
tion of  probabilities. 

These  are  qualities  which  are  not 
usually  forthcoming  when  a  govern- 
ment assumes  the  functions  of  private 
enterprise.  As  a  commercial  proposi- 
tion, government  owned  ships  in  for- 
eign trade  could  only  result  in  disor- 
ganization of  existing  trade  routes  in 
which  government  ships  might  engage, 
while  bringing  about  a  complete 
paralysis  of  individual  effort  to  obtain 
for  private  American  ships  a  larger 
share  of  American  seaborne  commerce. 
Thus,  in  the  event  of  government  own- 
ership and  operation  of  merchant  ves- 
sels becoming  a  settled  policy,  the 
problem  of  the  future  of  American 
shipping  would  solve  itself  by  the  ex- 
tinction of  private  endeavor. 
.  Any  policy  which  places  at  the  dis- 
posal of  any  single  class  of  producers 
a  fleet  of  Government  steamers  is 
bound  to  be  unsuccessful.  How,  for 
example,   under   the   policy  indicated, 


By  JAMES  A.  PARRELL 

President  United  States  Steel 

Corporation 


JAMES    A.    FARRELL 

could  it  be  determined  in  whos'e  in- 
terest the  necessity  for  the  development 
of  foreign  trade  was  most  pressing? 
What  section  of  the  country  would  it 
favor?  And  would  it  take  into  ac- 
count the  transportation  of  manufac- 
tures wholly  finished,  half  finished  or 
of  crude  materials? 

Mr.  Hurley's  plan,  with  perhaps  a 
few  minor  exceptions,  appeals  to  many 
shipping  men  of  experience  having  at 
heart  the  upbuilding  of  an  American 
merchant  marine  as  a  plan  dictated 
equally  by  business  sense  and  equity 
and  in  the  public  interest. 

There  will  be  no  return,  for  some 
time  at  least,  in  any  country  to  so- 
called  pre-war  prices  of  material  and 
labor.  Shipbuilding  materials  and 
equipment  are  on  a  lower  level  in  the 
United  States  since  the  signing  of  the 


armistice  than  in  any  other  producing 
country,  ship  plates  and  structural 
material  having  declined  $12  per  ton 
here,  with  a  corresponding  reduction 
in  collateral  forms  of  iron  and  steel 
products. 

Foreign  ships  in  the  past  have 
worked  their  round  of  trade  with 
profit  because  when  they  reached  the 
regions  of  great  production  of  bulky 
cargoes  they  found  few  or  no  rivals. 
This  will  no  longer  be  the  case,  be- 
cause the  foreign  ship  which  goes  in 
ballast  from  a  coal  station  or  South 
American  port  to  the  east  coast  of 
North  America  must  reckon  with  the 
competition  of  the  tonnage  of  the 
United  States. 

If  in  other  respects  we  are  able  to 
meet  the  competition  of  the  world  on 
equal  terms,  especially  with  types  of 
ships,  built  or  to  be  built,  comparable 
with  those  of  our  competitors  experi- 
enced in  long  voyage  trades,  the  rela- 
tively high  wages  of  American  officers, 
engineers  and  seamen  sufficient  in 
numbers  to  operate  economically  with 
safety  will  not  prove  to  be  a  serious 
handicap.  Of  course  it  is  essential 
that  laws  requiring  the  employment 
of  an  excessive  number  of  seamen  or 
engineers  be  repealed  by  the  establish- 
ment of  a  definite  policy. 

One  of  the  earliest  requirements  of 
the  shipping  situation  is  likely  to  be 
a  general  international  agreement 
about  the  employment  of  the  agencies 
of  ocean  transportation  in  the  least 
wasteful  and  the  most  effective  way. 

The  freedom  of  the  seas,  as  a  work- 
ing formula  of  peaceful  intercourse, 
should  find  a  larger  conception.  It 
should  stand  for  open  ports  and  as 
free  an  interchange  of  commodities  as 
the  fiscal  necessities  of  the  nations  will 
allow.  To  ourselves,  with  a  merchant 
marine  commensurate  with  the  re- 
sources of  our  country,  the  lesson  will 
come  with  new  force  that  to  sell  we 
must  also  buy. 


Exports  Will  Avert  An  Industrial  Crisis 


By  EDWARD  PRIZER 

President  Vacuum  Oil  Co. 
— o — 

WE  are  now  facing  an  industrial 
crisis  unless  we  can  largely 
and  rapidly  increase  our  exports  of 
finished  products ;  for  in  no  other  way 
can  our  great  industrial  capacity  be 
utilized. 

The  export  of  raw  or  semi-finished 


articles  unquestionably  adds  to  na- 
tional wealth,  but  gives  little  aid  to 
industry.  We  must  export  cotton  in 
fabrics  and  not  in  the  bale ;  iron  and 
steel  in  machinery  and  implements ; 
leather  in  shoes  and  other  finished  ar- 
ticles; use  our  coal  under  our  own 
factory  boilers ;  and  in  every  way  mul- 
tiply the  overseas  movement  of  prod- 
ucts of  hand  and  brain  which  our  rec- 
ognized manufacturing  and  inventive 


skill,  unequalled  by  any  other  country 
of  the  world,  so  eminently  fits  us  to 
produce. 

There  always  will  be  opportunities 
for  distinctive  American  specialties, 
unique  in  character,  the  product  of 
American  originality,  but  to  secure  ex- 
port trade  in  volume  we  must  be  pre- 
pared to  supply  what  the  foreign 
buyer  regularly  uses  and  always  calls 
for. 


June    19  19 


61 


We  Want  to  be  Rid  of  Red  Tape 

Chairman  of  the   United   States  Shipping    Board    Discusses    the    New    Merchant 

Fleet  and  the  Winning  of  Markets 


SHIPS  are  the  controlling  factor  in 
the  development  of  foreign  trade. 
Before  the  war  only  9.7  per  cent  of 
our  total  exports  was  carried  in  Amer- 
ican bottoms.  It  is  our  hope,  if  our 
program  is  completed,  to  have  suffi- 
cient ships  to  move  fifty  per  cent  of 
our  total  commerce  in  American  bot- 
toms. 

We  want  to  put  the  best  American 
initiative  behind  the  operation  of  the 
fleet;  we  want  to  get  rid  of  red  tape 
and  the  possibility  of  stagnation  when 
moving  these  ships  to  the  ports  where 
they  will  carry  American  trade.  But 
a  very  large  part  of  the  task  that  con- 
fronts the  nation  can  be  made  easy 
and  practicable  if  such  organizations 
as  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Council 
will  concentrate  in  a  movement  to 
urge  American  manufacturers  to  study 
the  export  field. 

Must  Not  Build  Up 
in  Slip-Shod   Style 

We  can't  build  up  our  foreign  mar- 
kets in  a  slip-shod  manner.  We  must 
specialize  in  trying  to  meet  the  differ- 
ent needs  of  different  markets,  and 
we  must  purchase  raw  materials 
and  manufactured  products  from 
foreign  countries  as  well  as  to 
sell  to  them.  We  must  take  some 
chances  in  developing  trade  routes 
which  are  at  present  unprofitable,  and 
a  little  of  the  pioneer  spirit  of  the 
old  days  will  not  be  out  of  place  even 
in  these  modern  times. 

We  hear  a  great  deal  these  days 
about  what  is  going  to  happen  to 
American  business  when  Great  Britain 
and  the  other  nations,  supposed  to 
have  certain  advantages  over  us,  get 
into  full  swing.  We  have  heard  such 
doleful  predictions  many  times  long 
before  the  war. 

After  three  months  studying  the 
situation  in  Europe  I  have  not  ob- 
served any  outstanding  advantage 
which  they  have  over  us,  either  from 
a  production  point  of  view,  or  a  labor 
point  of  view,  or  from  the  character 
of  products  manufactured.  This  is 
true  not  merely  of  manufacturing,  but 
with  reference  even  to  shipbuilding. 
Here  we  find  some  cloistered  critics 
asserting  that  we  will  never  be  able 
to  compete  with  British  shipping. 
Over  in  England  you  will  hear  English 
critics  telling  their  Government  that 
Great  Britain  will  never  be  able  to 
compete  with  us. 

No  Need  to  Worry 
About  Competitors 

We  needn't  worry  much  about  flank 

movements  from  our  foreign  competi- 

'  tors.     They  will  compete  fairly.     They 


By  EDWARD  N.  HURLEY 

Chairman  United  States  Shipping 

Board 


understand  now,  better  than  ever  be- 
fore, the  evil  of  unfair  competition. 
Germany's  commercial  system  reached 
the  point  where  it  became  top-heavy. 
It  was  hard  to  distinguish  between 
Germany's  commercial  enterprises  and 
Germany's  government,  and  it  is  my 
belief  that  combinations  between  gov- 
ernments and  business  are  almost  as 
dangerous  as  combinations  between 
church  and  state. 


Foreign  Trade  Vital 

"The  stimulation  and  development  of 
the  nation's  international  trade  is  vital 
to  the  country's  prosperity  and  the  solu- 
tion of  its  economic  and  industrial  prob- 
lems. The  members  of  this  chamber,  all 
business,  agricultural  and  industrial  as- 
sociations and  organizations,  should  di- 
rect the  attention  of  their  members  to 
the  importance  of  this  subject  and  the 
necessity  for  encouragement  and  sup- 
port of  all  measures  which  will  facili- 
tate and  enlarge  American  trade  with 
other  countries,  extend  American  bank- 
ing and  insurance  to  accompany  and 
supplement  the  foreign  enterprises  of 
American  commerce,  and  provide  ad- 
equate cable  and  wireless  facilities." — 
Resolution  by  United  States  Chamber 
of  Commerce  in  St.  Louis  Convention. 


The  best  way  to  get  new  business 
is  not  to  undermine  a  competitor,  but 
to  create  new  markets  and  encourage 


increased  demand.  We  have  reached 
the  point  in  our  business  life  where 
fair  play  is  absolutely  essential  if 
there  is  to  be  continued  freedom  for 
American   business  initiative. 

Every  market  in  the  world  is  open 
to  fair  dealing  Americans  who  are 
able  to  reduce  their  cost  of  produc- 
tion. The  American  wage  scale  is 
right  because  it  represents  American 
efficiency  and  skill.  So  long  as  the 
American  workman  gives  his  best  ef- 
fort, he  is  fully  entitled  to  the  higher 
wages  he  receives. 

On     the     Threshold 
of   New   Trade  Era 

We  are  today  on  the  threshold  of 
a  new  era.  We  must  recognize  that 
to  be  worthy  of  our  boys  who  went 
to  the  front  and  worthy  of  the  dead 
they  left  there,  all  of  whom  demon- 
strated to  the  world  what  American 
initiative  can  do  when  put  to  the  test, 
we  must  now  carry  on  the  work  for 
fair  play  which  they  have  begun. 

We  must  show  in  our  business  af- 
fairs, both  at  home  and  abroad,  that 
we  are  ready  to  apply  to  ourselves  the 
same  test  of  fair  dealing  that  we 
would  apply  to  others.  We  must 
show  that  we  play  fair  in  business, 
just  as  we  demanded  fair  play  in  in- 
ternational law.  When  we  couldn't 
bring  about  the  observance  of  inter- 
national law,  we  fought  for  it.     But 

(Continued  on  Next  Page) 


Americans  Should  Sell  American  Goods  Abroad 


By  J.  W.  HOOK 

President  Allied  Machinery  Company 

of  America 

— o — 

THE  world  war  has  caused  an  ex- 
pansion of  producing  capacity  in 
the  United  States  that  today  is  greatly 
in  excess  of  the  home  demand.  Export 
markets  must  be  sought,  new  methods 
of  selling  must  be  introduced  and  the 
same  thoughtful  consideration  must  be 
given  to  overseas  trade  that  in  the 
past  has  featured  our  highly  developed 
trade  characteristics  at  home. 

I  am  a  great  believer  in  the  theory 
that  American  goods  should  be  sold 
abroad  by  Americans.  We  should  have 
American  leadership.  We  ought  not 
to  go  back  to  pre-war  days  when  the 
American  producer  handed  over  his 
foreign  selling  rights  to  foreigners, 
who,  in  a  great  many  cases,  only 
tested  the  market  with  American 
goods    and    then    manufactured    these 


goods  as  competitors.  But  American 
capital  and  American  manufacturers 
have  not  prepared  for  the  present-day 
conditions  that  the  simplest  foresight 
made  apparent  as  the  war  progressed. 

America  must  immediately  enter 
upon  the  serious  business  of  building 
a  foreign  selling  organization.  She 
must  not  operate  through  foreigners 
any  longer.  She  must  lay  the  founda- 
tion of  complete  independence  from 
every  nation  in  the  world  in  all  mat- 
ters involving  her  export  trade. 

Foreign  trade  is  not  a  part  of  our 
national  life,  as  it  should  be.  And  it 
will  not  be  such  \intil  every  person 
who  produces  anything  understands 
what  world  trade  and  export  markets 
mean  specifically  to  him.  The  farmer 
must  sense  what  they  mean  to  him 
in  the  price  he  obtains  for  his  corn  or 
cattle ;  the  laborer  must  understand 
how  they  affect  his  wage  scale;  and 
the  manufacturer  must  feel  their  ef- 
fect upon  the  price  of  his  products. 


62 


Pan   Pacific 


Pleasing  the  Customer 

President  of  the  American   Manufacturers'  Export  Association  Talks 

on   Selling  Methods  Abroad 


DIRECT  selling  might  be  defined 
as  the  method  by  which  Amer- 
ican manufacturers  will  sell  their 
products  abroad  when  they  really  be- 
come exporters.  It  is  the  logical  out- 
come of  the  change  which  is  now  going 
on  before  our  eyes  in  the  attitude  of 
the  American  business  man  toward 
foreign  trade. 

Five  years  ago  the  American  manu- 
facturers who  had  a  thriving  and  well 
established  foreign  business  might 
have  been  numbered  on  the  fingers  of 
one's  hands.  At  that  time  over  half 
the  nation's  total  manufactured  ex- 
ports were  the  products  of  four  .com- 
panies. Apd  every  one  of  these  com- 
panies had  built  up  its  foreign  sales 
by  direct  selling. 

Now  Are  Preparing 
For    Foreign    Trade 

Today  the  manufacturers  of  the 
country  who  have  been  forced  by  the 
war  into  a  realization  of  the  possibili- 
ties of  foreign  markets  are  preparing 
to  establish  themselves  as  exporters. 
The  measure  of  their  success,  I  be- 
lieve, will  be  the  degree  to  which  they 
are  able  to  build  up  and  energize  the 
machinery  for  direct  sales. 

We  can  thank  our  export  houses, 
with  few  exceptions,  for  whatever 
prestige  American  goods  enjoyed  in 
foreign  markets  before  the  war.  They 
were  the  pioneers  in  finding  a  demand 


By  GEORGE  ED.  SMITH 

(President  American  Manufacturers' 

Export  Association) 


SCENE  IN  HONG  KONG  HARBOR 

for  our  products  and  in  meeting  that 
demand  where  they  found  it.  Our 
foreign  trade  in  staple  goods  today  is 
largely  the  result  of  earnest  and  effec- 
tive work  by  these  export  houses,  and 
I  believe  that  a  large  field  exists,  and 
will  exist,  in  which  they  will  continue 
to  handle  business  more  efficiently  and 
more  intelligently  than  the  producer 
himself. 

Outside  of  raw  or  semi-raw  mater- 
ials, however,  the  future  of  America's 
foreign  trade  lies  with  her  manufac- 
tured specialties.  Machinery,  special 
tools,  labor  saving  and  time  saving 
devices,  the  products  of  American  in- 
genuity   and    American    factories    are 


destined,  I  believe,  to  form  the  great 
bulk  of  the  new  trade  which  awaits 
our  exporters.  And  it  seems  to  me 
to  be  a  truism  that  abroad,  as  well  as 
at  home,  no  one  can  sell  these  prod- 
ucts as  well  or  as  successfully  as  the 
man  who  makes  them. 

Create    a    Demand 

and    Give    Service 

The  successful  sale  of  these  articles 
demands  two  things,  which  can  only 
be  afforded  by  the  manufacturer  him- 
self. The  first  of  these  is  the  creation 
of  an  intelligent  demand  for  the  ar- 
ticle. The  second  is  provision  for  ser- 
vice after  the  article  has  been  bought 
and  is  being  used. 

The  manufacturer  who  has  learned 
by  experience  in  domestic  sales  how 
to  create  a  demand  for  his  products  at 
home  is  in  a  better  position  than  any 
one  else  in  the  world  to  plan  and  put 
into  execution  a  selling  campaign 
abroad  which  will  create  a  favorable 
interest  in  his  product.  He  may  not 
know  the  peculiarities  of  a  particular 
market,  and  he  may  be  ignorant  of  lo- 
cal customs,  but  he  can  secure  this  in- 
formation much  more  easily  than  he 
can  persuade  someone  else  to  sell  his 
goods  the  way  he  wants  them  sold. 

Furthermore,  when  the  product 
which  bears  his  name  and  his  trade 
mark  is  introduced  into  some  foreign 


Need  to  be  Rid  of  Red  Tape,  Says  Hurley 


(Continued   from   preceding  page) 

the  American  instinct  for  a  square 
deal  is  strong  enough  to  bring  about 
its  establishment  as  a  fundamental 
principle  of  national  business  conduct. 

There  has  been  a  general  feeling 
that  the  time  has  come  when  some 
definite  step  shoidd  be  taken  by  the 
Government  to  clarify  the  rights  of 
business — to  establish  a  definite  code 
of  business  practices,  not  merely  with 
respect  to  the  relation  between  one 
business  institution  and  another,  but 
with  respect  to  the  relations  among 
business,  labor  and  the  public.  It 
should  not  be  necessary  for  business 
to  obtain  legal  advice  on  economic 
questions. 

Most  business  problems  require 
common  sense,  rather  than  legal  ref- 
erence. They  are  economic,  rather 
than  legal.  They  require  good  judg- 
ment and  honesty  of  purpose,  rather 
than  reference  to  the  courts.  I  think 
it  is  true  that  most  of  the  problems 
requiring        Governmental        decision 


should  be  determined  by  a  supervisory 
body,  rather  than  by  suits  and  agita- 
tion. 

There  is  much  help  of  a  constructive 
character  which  the  Government  can 
give  American  business  men,  and  the 
business  men,  during  the  war,  demon- 
strated conclusively  that  they  can  help 
the  Government.  We  must,  of  course, 
have  specific  laws  to  guide  us  in  busi- 
ness and  the  Federal  Trade  Commis- 
sion and  Clayton  Acts  have  been  help- 
ful in  setting  up  plain  standards  of 
business  ethics. 

Passage  of  the  Webb  law  was  an 
almost  providential  preparation  for 
the  searching  competition  ushered  in 
by  the  great  war.  American  firms  are 
now  free  to  present  a  solid  national 
front  against  the  competition  of  other 
nations.  Unity  of  command,  co-opera- 
tive effort,  applied  comradeship  are 
the  media  through  which  our  national 
interests  and  hopes  may  be  consum- 
mated in  foreign  trade. 


There  is  business  enough  for  all. 
Some  of  the  markets  of  the  world  have 
been  barely  touched.  We  can  aid 
countries  with  such  markets  in  in- 
creasing their  own  wealth,  and  their 
purchasing  power  by  increasing  our 
trade  with  them.  • 

Foreign  goods  should  not  be  per- 
mitted to  be  dumped  in  our  market  at 
ruinous  prices,  nor  should  our  business 
men  employ  similar  methods  in  foreign 
markets.  This  is  a  vicious  practice 
of.  unfair  competition. 

There  is  unfortunately  a  disposition 
on  the  part  of  some  people  to  regard 
with  a  degree  of  suspicion  and  dis- 
trust a  business  or  an  industry  which 
grows  rapidly  and  is  exceptionally 
prosperous,  and  an  unwarranted  feel- 
ing that  its  achievements  are  brought 
about  by  unfair  methods.  Its  policy 
has  been  to  increase  the  volume  of 
production  to  the  maximum  and  to 
reduce  overhead  expenses  to  the  mini- 
mum. 


June    19  19 


63 


market,  his  future  sales  depend  upon 
the  manner  in  which  his  product 
stands  up.  If  there  is  someone  near 
at  hand  prepared  to  watch  after  his 
interests,  to  rectify  his  mistakes  and 
give  adequate  service,  the  prospects 
for  increasing  sales  are  infinitely 
brighter  than  if  he  is  compelled  to 
throw  his  article  on  the  market  and 
trust  to  luck  and  the  law  of  averages. 
Sell  Goods  Abroad 
Same   as   at   Home 

This,  of  course,  throws  straight  back 
to  the  proposition  which  is  the  basis 
of  all  our  hopes  for  export  business, 
an  axiom  which  should  be  printed  in 
capital  letters  on  the  cover  of  every 
text  book,  and  every  article  on  our 
foreign  trade,  the  proposition  that  the 
way  to  sell  American  goods  abroad  is 
to  sell  them  the  way  American  goods 
are  sold  at  home. 

Customs  and  tastes  may  differ  in 
different  countries,  but  it  is  just  as 
essential  to  arouse  interest  and  give 
satisfaction  in  one  place  as  in  another. 
The  drummer  may  change  his  method 
of  approach  when  he  goes  from  New 
York  to  Alabama  or  from  Alabama  to 
Xew  York,  but  when  it  comes  to  get- 
ting repeat  orders  on  the  dotted  line, 
the  fundamentals  are  about  the  same 
in  both  places. 

One  of  the  fundamentals  of  a  suc- 
cessful business  is  to  make  every  effort 
to  please  the  customer.  If,  without 
interfering  with  production,  it  is  pos- 
sible to  paint  the  product  a  particular 
color  or  finish  it  in  a  particular  way, 
then  by  all  means  the  customer's  indi- 
vidual desires  should  be  consulted  and 
followed.  I  am  willing  to  agree  this 
far  with  those  who  counsel  us  to  fol- 
low the  example  of  other  nations. 
Quantity      Production 

fMust  Be  Maintained 
On  the  other  hand,  this  country  can 
afford  to  sacrifice  the  principle  of 
quantity  production  in  its  foreign 
trade  even  less  than  in  its  domestic 
trade.  With  cheaper  labor,  European 
countries  can  produce  specialized 
goods  in  small  quantities  for  foreign 
markets  and  still  be  able  to  compete. 
Once  this  nation  begins  to  disregard 
quantity  production  it  is  automatically 
eliminated  from   competitive  markets. 

By  all  means  let  us  adhere  wherever 
possible  to  the  doctrine  of  pleasing  the 
customer,  but  when  it  comes  to  the 
point  where  we  must  choose  between 
this  and  the  standardization  which  has 
given  us  industrial  leadership,  we  can 
only  make  one  choice.  We  must  op- 
erate along  the  line  of  our  greatest 
strength  rather  than  that  of  our  chief 
weakness. 

The  whole  question  of  direct  selling 
narrows  down  to  that  of  whether  or 
not  the  manufacturer  desires  to  es- 
tablish a  permanent  and  substantial 
foreign  trade.  If  he  does,  and  is  pre- 
pared to  pay  the  price  in  time  and 
thought  and  money,  he  can  start  for 
the  goal  confident  that  it  is  worth  the 
winning. 


Will  He  Open  the  Door? 


By  JOHN   T.   McCUTCHEON   in  The  Chicago  Tribune 


Acceptances  in  Foreign  Trade 


By  D.  C.  WILLS 

Federal  Reserve  Bank  of  Cleveland 

— o — 

THE  first  phase  in  the  development 
of  acceptances  in  the  United 
States  might  be  termed  that  of  exploi- 
tation and  explanation.  The  second 
phase  has  been  the  establishment  of 
an  open  market  and  we  are  in  the 
midst  of  that,  phase  at  the  present 
time. 

Through  the  medium  of  acceptances 
the  American  exporter  or  importer 
can  confidently  count  on  receiving  as 
comprehensive  and  as  favorable  finan- 
cial assistance  in  dealing  with  his 
clients  in  other  countries  as  is  received 
by  any  of  his  foreign  competitors. 

Now,  however,  since  an  open  mar- 
ket capable  of  absorbing  a  consider- 
able volume  of  acceptances  has  been 
established,  reserve  banks  are  in  most 
cases  confining  their  purchases  to  en- 
dorsed bills,  and  the  open  market  has 
shown  its  strength  in  absorbing  and 
selling  to  primary  purchasers  nearly 
all  the  available  unendorsed  bills. 


A  call  money  market  in  New  York 
and  at  one  or  two  other  centres  for 
call  loans  secured  by  acceptances  has 
also  stimulated  the  development  of  the 
open  market.  Quite  a  number  of  pri- 
vate houses  handling  investments  or 
commercial  paper  have  added  depart- 
ments for  dealing  in  acceptances. 

The  formation  of  discount  houses 
with  substantial  capital,  starting  in 
New  York  and  now  extending  to  other 
Federal  Reserve  cities,  for  the  purpose 
of  buying  bills  and  selling  them  with 
or  without  their  endorsement,  is  an- 
other significant  feature  of  the  growth 
of  the  acceptance  movement.    • 

The  use  of  the  trade  acceptance  in 
foreign  trade  has  thus  far  in  most 
part  been  limited  to  imports,  foreign 
houses,  especially  in  the  Orient,  draw- 
ing on  mercantile  distributors  in  the 
United  States.  There  is  no  reason, 
however,  when  credit  information  on 
concerns  abroad  becomes  more  readily 
available,  why  trade  acceptances  orig- 
inating here  and  drawn  on  companies 
abroad  shoidd  not  find  their  way  into 
the  discount  market. 


64 


Pan  Pacific 


Five  Plans  For  Business 

Treasurer  of  Federal  Shipbuilding  Company  Outlines  Direct   Sales 

Policy   for  the  Far  East 


IF  you  are  contemplating  direct  rep- 
resentation abroad,  you  will  prob- 
ably send  first,  the  head  of  your  sales 
department  to  survey  the  field.  He 
will  find  the  following  five  plans  now 
existing  as  regards  American  business 
in  the  Par  East.  They  are  described 
in  the  order  of  the  intensity  and  com- 
pleteness with  which  direct  selling  is 
conducted.  One  plan  is  applicable  to 
certain  lines  of  manufactured  goods, 
and  another  plan  to  others. 

Plan  one,  referring  to  manufacturers 
having  their  own  organizations  in  the 
Far  East,  for  importing,  for  merchan- 
dizing, and  for  distributing  their  prod- 
ucts throughout  the  country:  This 
plan  is  the  one  adopted  by  firms  manu- 
facturing one  article  exclusively,  or  a 
small  group  of  closely  allied  products, 
generally  a  class  of  goods  which  the 
masses  of  the  people  constantly  re- 
quire in  their  every  day  life ;  such 
firms  as  the  big  oil  companies,  tobacco 
companies,  and  sewing  machine  manu- 
facturers. 

Carry   Large    Staff 
of  Mixed  Employes 

They  carry  a  large  staff  of  British, 
American,  and  Chinese  employes,  who 
penetrate  inland  in  China  to  arrange 
for  the  delivery  of  cargoes,  to  inspect 
the  stock  of  native  dealers,  to  investi- 
gate the  credit  of  their  wholesale 
agents,  to  collect  payments  of  silver, 
sometimes  amounting  to  a  ton  of 
metal,  to  recommend  prices  for  meet- 
ing competition,  and  to  advertise  by 
distributing  samples,  posters  and  hand 
bills. 

On  a  smaller  scale  in  the  larger 
ports,  certain  manufacturers  of  shoes, 
for  instance,  are  establishing  their  own 
retail  stores.  In  the  smaller  outports, 
their  agency  would  be  placed  with  se- 
lected department  stores.  Commodi- 
ties have  been  introduced  profitably  in 
this  way,  even  when  the  consumers 
consisted  only  of  the  European  and 
American  residents;  for  there  are 
thousands  of  such  "foreigners"  lo- 
cated in  each  of  the  large  cities,  such 
^s  Shanghai,  Peking,  Tientsin  and 
Hankow.  But,  of  course,  sales  are 
multiplied  enormously  when  the  native 
buying  public  can  be  reached  and  sup- 
plied with  the  style  and  quality  which 
best  meet  their  needs  and  tastes. 

Plan  two,  referring  to  manufac- 
turers having  their  own  small  staff  of 
Americans  or  Europeans  in  China  for 
the  convenience  of  the  local  importing 
commission  houses:  They  give  out  the 
latest  market  quotations  as  received 
by  cable,  and  enter  orders  for  ship- 
ments from  the  mills  on  the  basis  of 


By  F.  R.  SITES 
Federal  Shipbuilding  Company 
— o — 
c.    i.    f.    China    ports.      Certain    steel 
manufacturers,      locomotive     builders, 
and  others,  have  employed  this  plan. 
Their  representatives  may  sell  to  vari- 
ous commission  houses,  who,  in  turn. 


Investments   Abroad 

' '  The  position  of  the  United  States  as 
a  creditor  nation  tends  to  stimulate 
American  investment  abroad.  It  is  de- 
sirable that  every  possible  encourage- 
ment be  given  such  investment,  as  an 
essential  factor  in  the  development  of 
American  foreign  trade.  Legitimate 
American  investment  abroad  is  entitled 
to  the  same  measure  of  protection  in 
the  countries  where  made  that  is  given 
by  this  Government  to  foreign  invest- 
ments in  the  United  States.  The  United 
States  should  enunciate  and  enforce  a 
firm  policy  for  the  protection  of  Amer- 
ican citizens  and  legitimate  American 
enterprises  and  investments  in  foreign 
lands." — Resolution  by  United  States 
Chamber  of  Commerce  in  St.  Louis  Con- 
vention. 


are  the  actual  importers  who  sell  to 
the  large  native  dealers.  Since  many 
of  the  native  dealers  have  a  practice 
of  passing  their  business  around 
among  the  commission  houses,  it  is 
well  to  be  in  a  position  to  quote  to 
any  and  all  comers. 

Here    is    a    Plan 

With  Advantages 
Plan  three,  referring  to  manufac- 
turers having  a  representative  in  the 
field  attached  to  one  of  the  commis- 
sion house:  Such  a  representative  is 
often  paid  in  part  by  the  commission 
houses,  and  in  part  by  the  manufac- 
turer. This  plan,  employed  by  a  num- 
ber of  manufacturers  of  machinery, 
electrical  equipment,  watches,  etc.,  of- 
fers the  advantage  of  substantial  co- 
operation on  the  part  of  the  commis- 
sion house,  the  use  of  its  large  staff 
for  keeping  in  touch  with  widely  scat- 
tered markets,  for  financing   and  for 


Advertising  Abroad 

"If  you  want  your  product  known  all 
over  the  world,  you  must  advertise  all 
over  the  world.  Tour  campaign  must 
be  planned  carefully,  and  be  compre- 
hensive enough  both  in  plan  and  appro- 
priation to  accomplish  your  purpose,  or 
you  had  better  not  begin  at  all." — F. 
A.  Arnold  in  Chicago  Convention. 


handling  the  details  of  shipping.  Mean- 
while, the  manufacturer's  own  repre- 
sentative is  at  hand  to  maintain  con- 
tinued live  interest  in  pushing  the 
sales,  to  give  expert  or  enginering  ad- 
vice, to  keep  his  principals  informed 


as  to  prevailing  local  prices  and  mar- 
ket conditions. 

But  occasionally  this  plan  has  the 
disadvantage  of  hampering  the  move- 
ments of  the  representative,  who  finds 
that  there  would  be  greater  chances  of 
success  in  certain  transactions  if  he 
had  the  opportunity  of  dealing  through 
another  house,  or  perhaps  quite  inde- 
pendently; for  personal  relationship, 
and  personal  likes  or  dislikes,  are  fre- 
quently more  potent  than  price  alone. 
Furthermore,  national  prejudices  and 
other  considerations  frequently  place 
one  commission  house  in  a  much 
stronger  position  than  another,  if  not 
in  a  dominating  situation  for  winning 
certain  business.  For  instance,  on 
railroads  financed  with  British  capital, 
directed  by  a  British  engineer  or  gen-  j 
eral  manager,  business  quite  naturally 
goes  through  a  British  commission 
house. 

One    Representative 
For  Group  of  Makers 

Plan  four,  referring  to  groups  of 
manufacturers  of  allied  products  who 
have  agreed  together  to  send  out  one 
representative :  This  was  done  a  few 
years  ago  by  certain  British  steel  in- 
terests, and  under  the  name  of  the 
Representation  for  British  Manufac- 
turers. Their  progress  was  hindered 
by  the  war,  and  it  was  also  rumored 
that  they  failed  to  receive  the  loyal 
sustained  support  of  their  sponsors — 
a  natural  result  of  a  loosely  combined 
effort  of  divergent  interests. 

Plan  five,  referring  to  manufactur- 
ers' agents,  either  individuals  or  com- 
mission houses :  Certain  of  these  agents 
believe  in  carrying  only  a  few  lines, 
and  in  conscientiously  and  intensely 
developing  the  market  for  each  of 
these  lines.  Others  continue  to  acquire 
additional  agencies  without  limit, 
sometimes  even  for  competing  manu- 
facturers, with  disappointing  and  stif- 
ling results  for  some  of  those  whom 
they  are  supposed  to  represent.  Much 
success  has  attended  the  honest  efforts 
of  many  of  these  commission  houses, 
but  it  behooves  the  export  manufac- 
turer to  familiarize  himself  thoroughly 
with  the  character  and  activites  of  the 
firm  with  which  he  proposes  to  place 
his  agency. 

One  manufacturer  says  that  he  has 
had  experience  with  American,  British 
and  French  commission  houses,  and 
has  found  them  all  reliable;  but  they 
move  along  the  lines  of  least  resist- 
ance, and  he  has  found  it  best  to  go 
out  occasionally  to  give  them  his  ad- 
vice and  to  check  up  on  their  activi- 
ties. 


June     19  19 


65 


Give  the  Buyer  What  He  Wants 

Manufacturer  and  Exporter  Tells  of  Problems  to  be  Overcome  in  Overseas  Trade 


By  WILLIAM  H.  KNOX 

FOREIGN  trade,  both  export  and 
import,  is  a  highly  specialized 
field.  Before  the  war  we  had  a  large 
and  constantly  growing  volume  of  for- 
eign business,  but  the  tremendous  ex- 
pansion in  the  last  four  years,  and  the 
opportunity  thus  given  for  world  wide 
distribution  of  our  greatly  increased 
productivity,  calls  for  intelligent 
knowledge  of  the  fundamentals  on 
which  that  trade  is  based  and  the  de- 
velopment of  which  is  to  mean  so 
much  for  the  future  prosperity  of 
American  industry. 

Granted,  of  course,  that  your  wares 
may  be  better  and  even  offer  more 
value  than  those  of  your  English,  Eu- 
ropean and  Japanese  competitors,  if 
you  want  his  trade,  find  a  way  to 
meet  his  needs.  Last  year  you  could 
sell  him  anything. 

Must  Give  the  Buyer 
Just  What  He  Wants 
In  this  and  the  years  to  come  you 
will  sell  him  what  he  wants  to  buy. 
Given  intelligent  production,  we 
greatly  need  special  commercial  train- 
ing. Every  large  producing,  shipping 
and  banking  center  wTould  find  it 
profitable  to  provide  facilities  for  such 
education. 

Send  your  young  men  abroad,  but 
see  to  it  that  they  are  properly 
equipped  to  produce  the  results  de- 
sired. The  "bustler,"  "live  wire" 
and  some  other  business  freaks  may 
have  their  place  and  time,  but  the  edu- 
cated, tactful  American  business  gen- 
tleman is  your  best  and  most  produc- 


tive trade  winner.  If  necessary  to 
choose  between  knowledge  of  language 
and  knowledge  of  goods,  by  all  means 
give  preference  to  the  latter.  If  con- 
ditions permit,  establish  your  own  for- 
eign agencies  and  branch  offices. 

The  Webb-Pomerene  bill  now  offers 
the  opportunity  for  combinations  of 
attractive  kinds  for  just  such  pur- 
poses. On  the  other  hand,  the  pio- 
neers in  this  foreign  trade,  represented 
by  the  old  established  and  reputable 
exporters  and  foreign  trade  merchants, 
offer  you  every  facility  for  the  mar- 
keting of  your  products. 

They  know  every  phase  of  the  busi- 
ness, and  as  they  usually  are  prepared 
to  finance  all  purchases  on  attractive 
payment  terms  and  assume  for  their 
own  account  all  foreign  credit  risks, 
you  may  find  it  both  convenient  and 
profitable  to  develop  your  trade 
through  such  agencies. 

Tn  none  of  the  great  foreign  trade 
countries  of  the  world  do  manufactur- 
ers require  such  payment  terms  as  are 
exacted  of  the  American  exporter  by 
our  manufacturers.  Putting  it  conser- 
vatively, 90  per  cent  of  the  enormous 
volume  of  such  business  calls  for  pay- 
ment— cash  against  documents,  or  at 
most,  within  ten  days.  Whereas  the 
English  and  the  European  exporter 
buys  on  thirty,  sixty,  ninety  days  and 
even  longer  credit  terms. 

Trade     Acceptance 
To    Solve    Problem 

Some  relief  from  this  situation  might 
be  found  in  proper  use  of  the  trade 
acceptance  method  now  being  recom- 
mended   by    our    banking    authorities 


and  a  wider  knowledge  on  the  part 
of  our  manufacturers  of  foreign  trade 
financing  and  its  needs.  When  deal- 
ing direct  with  foreign  buyers  you  are 
now  exacting  bank  credit  or  sight 
draft  terms,  both  highly  desirable 
methods  for  the  seller,  but  by  no 
means  conducive  to  the  larger  and 
more  profitable  trade  to  be  obtained 
through  the  wise  extension  of  more 
liberal  credit  conditions. 

As  fast  as  war  needs  are  filled  and 
ships  released  from  such  service,  they 
should  be  immediately  placed  in  the 
hands  of  American  operators,  either 
through  purchase  or  charter  at  rea- 
sonable rates.  As  soon  as  the  Govern- 
ment can  assume  the  responsibility  for 
effective  control  of  freight  rates,  there 
would  seem  to  be  no  valid  objection 
to  this,  provided  assurances  were 
given  to  owners  and  operators  that 
such  Government  fixed  rates  would 
permit  of  a  fair  working  profit  on  the 
capital  invested. 

The  Government  has  no  business  to 
be  in  business  for  other  than  war 
emergency  needs,  and  the  sooner  this 
great  problem  of  American  shipping  is 
placed  in  a  position  where  American 
initiative  and  business  ability  can  be 
given  full  play,  the  better  for  all  con- 
cerned, but  American  capital  cannot 
be  induced  to  invest  in  shipping,  the 
nrofitable  operation  of  which  would 
be  subject  to  heavy  losses  through  for- 
eign competition,  and  this  is  about  the 
onlv  assistance  the  American  merchant 
marine  now  requires  to  permit  of  its 
winning  its  rightful  place  in  the  world 
trade. 


Export  Advertising  Gets  the  Business 


By  W.  G.  HILDEBRANT 

— o — 

IT  is  difficult  to  understand  why  so 
many  American  manufacturers  ap- 
proach the  subject  of  export  adver- 
tising somewhat  as  the  average  skep- 
tical individual  enters  a  spiritualistic 
seance. 

Properly  planned  and  well  executed 
advertising  pays.  Whether  it  be  the 
glaring  poster  or  handbill  in  northern 
China  or  in  the  agricultural  publica- 
tions of  Australasia,  the  Malay  news- 
paper in  the  Dutch  East  Indies,  the 
illustrated  weeklies  or  dailies  of  Latin 
America,  or  in  our  own  export  publi- 
cations, the  right  kind  of  advertising 


will  pav 


The  fundamental  principles  of  sell- 
ing and  advertising  which  apply  in 
domestic  markets,  obtain  absolutely 
and  just  as  definitely  in  foreign  fields. 


The  first  thing  which  must  be  consid- 
ered, thoroughly  analyzed  and  under- 
stood,  is  your  possible   market. 

There  are  just  as  many  reliable 
sources  of  information  regarding  the 
possibilities  of  selling  a  given  product 
in  foreign  fields  as  there  are  for  se- 
curing similar  information  relating  to 
domestic  sales.  Data  on  consumption 
and  demand,  purchasing  power,  com- 
petition, deliverv  costs,  selling  connec- 
tions, advertising  methods  and  media, 
ean  all  be  just,  as  readily  secured  and 
»i  pRsilv  applied  to  overseas  trade  as 
fhov  ean   to  domestic  trade. 

There  is  absolutelv  no  possibility  of 
the  American  manufacturer  success- 
ful^ and  permanently  establishing  his 
overseas  trade  by  hit-or-miss  guess- 
w«Hr   sales   and    advertising    methods. 

Talcum  powder  is  perhaps  as  easv 
to  pack  as  any  article  the  retailer  sells. 


There  are  all  kinds,  good,  bad,  indif- 
ferent, expensive  and  cheap.  In  many 
overseas  markets  rice  powder  is  even 
cheaper  than  the  cheapest  American 
grade  of  talcum. 

Six  years  ago  an  enterprising  East- 
ern manufacturer  decided  that  he 
wanted  export  trade.  He  appropriated 
$4,000  and  placed  well  illustrated  copy 
with  a  strong  dealer  appeal  in  the 
leading  American  export  trade  jour- 
nals. The  second  year  he  increased 
this  appropriation.  He  has  expended 
approximately  $30,000  in  the  export 
publications.  He  has  through  these 
media  established  permanent  connec- 
tions in  seven  principal  trade  centres 
and  sold  over  $300,000  worth  of  tal- 
cum powder,  not  to  mention  dental 
creams,  shaving  sticks  and  cream, 
toilet  waters,  perfumes,  etc. ' 


66 


Pan  Pacific 


Will  Webb  Law 

Work  Out 

As  Expected 


By  JOHN  WELCH 

Former  Chief  Counsel  to  Federal 

Trade  Commission 


TV^ANY  advantages,  such  as  greater 
1-1-*-  efficiency  in  merchandising 
goods,  freer  opportunity  for  small 
manufacturers  jointly  to  build  up  an 
export  business,  etc.,  are  now  being 
actually  experienced  and  realized  un- 
der the  operation  of  the  Webb  law. 
As  far  as  I  am  aware,  the  legitimate 
expectations  placed  in  the  Webb  law 
as  an  effective  instrument  for  further- 
ing our  foreign  trade  have  been  and 
are  being  realized  to  the  satisfaction 
of  those  who  have  availed  themselves 
of  that  act. 

The  ultimate  success  or  failure  rests 
very  largely  on  our  own  business  men. 
If  the  law  is  to  serve  as  a  vehicle  for 
commercial  aggrandizement,  to  benefit 
the  strong  at  the  expense  of  the  weak ; 
or  if  it  is  to  be  used  for  selfish  and 
unscrupulous  exploitation  of  foreign 
markets,  or  for  the  purpose  of  ma- 
nipulating domestic  prices — then  the 
expectations  of  the  high  minded  and 
broad  visioned  men  who  were  its  spon- 
sors would  be  shamefully  thwarted 
and  foiled. 

Although  the  act  strictly  defines  ex- 
port trade  and  excepts  from  the  pen- 
alties and  restrictions  of  the  Sherman 
act  only  "An  association  entered  into 
for  the  sole  purpose  of  engaging  in 
export  trade  and  actually  engaged 
solely  in  such  export  trade,"  still  it 
must  be  assumed  that  the  Congress 
had  in  mind  the  fact  that  every  cor- 
poration is  vested  automatically  with 
certain  incidental  powers,  and  that  it 
would  be  a  practical  impossibility  to 
form  a  corporation  with  no  powers 
other  than  that  of  being  solely  en- 
gaged in  export  trade. 

Therefore,  it  may  fairly  be  assumed 
that  an  export  association  may,  among 
other  things,  establish  and  maintain 
agencies  and  act  as  agent  in  foreign 
trade,  acquire,  equip  and  operate 
wharves,  warehouses,  elevators,  ships, 
and  acquire,  dispose  of,  pledge,  mort- 
gage or  lease  property,  real  or  per- 
sonal, subject  to  legal  restrictions,  and 
to  do  many  other  acts  incidental  to 
the  business  of  export  trade. 


'■1    '   f 

■..^L^.-,,     .     I,     -,    J.<    ■    Utojm-M- 

^v                 MB**- 

WATERFRONT   AT    MELBOURNE 


Need  Flexible  Tariff  Law 


By  W.  C.  CULBERTSON 
United  States  Tariff  Commissioner 


THE  National  Foreign  Trade  Coun- 
cil was  among  the  first  to  see  the 
necessity  of  making  our  tariff  system 
more  flexible  and  to  advocate  the 
adoption  of  an  adequate  bargaining 
tariff. 

Desirable  as  such  a  measure  was  be- 
fore the  war,  it  has  now  become  es- 
sential to  our  commercial  develop- 
ment. Our  new  and  influential  posi- 
tion in  foreign  commerce  and  finance 
makes  imperative  a  bargaining  tariff 
for  the  protection  of  American  com- 
mercial interests  in  foreign  countries. 

The  attitude  of  the  United  States 
toward  the  bargaining  possibilities  of 
the  tariff  has  been  in  marked  contrast 
to  the  policy  pursued  by  certain  Eu- 
ropean countries.  In  the  protectionist 
countries  of  Europe,  the  bargaining 
features  of  their  tariffs  have  been 
given  primary  consideration. 

We  find  either  the  maximum  and 
minimum  tariff  system  as  in  France; 
or  we  find  the  general  and  conven- 
tional tariff  system  as  in  Germany,  in 
which  there  is  a  general  schedule  of 
rates  fixed  by  the  legislature,  and  a 
lower  conventional  schedule  of  rates 
fixed  by  bargaining  with  other  coun- 
tries and  embodied  in  treaties  or  con- 
ventions. 

The  present  United  States  tariff, 
which  repealed  the  1909  bargaining 
provision,  cannot  be  said  to  embody 
any  principle  of  bargaining.  Any 
powers  granted  the  President  to  ne- 
gotiate concessions  is  counteracted  by 
the  required  ratification  by  Congress. 
A  war  measure  of  1916  provides  for 
retaliation,  but  is  not  of  a  permanent 
nature. 


In  passing  a  new  law  designed  to 
obtain  the  desired  flexibility,  Congress 
should  define  in  general  terms  the 
kind  and  degree  of  unequal  treatment 
which  is  to  be  penalized,  but  should 
leave  to  the  President  the  application 
of  the  law  to  particular  cases.  The 
mere  possibility  of  the  imposition  of 
maximum  or  penalty  duties  will  tend 
to  secure  for  the  United  States  and 
its  products  without  formal  action 
equality  of  treatment. 

The  necessary  flexibility  cannot  be 
obtained  unless  the  President  has 
power  to  proclaim,  at  his  discretion 
and  withouh  further  action  by  Con- 
gress, the  maximum  tariff  on  any  or 
all  of  the  articles  enumerated  in  the 
law. 

The  enactment  of  a  bargaining 
tariff  need  not  wait  the  general  revi- 
sion of  the  tariff  law.  The  protection 
of  our  commercial  interests  requires 
prompter  action. 

Congress  should  enact  a  law  pro- 
viding that  the  free  list  and  the  duti- 
able list  of  the  present  tariff  act  shall 
constitute  the  minimum  tariff  of  the 
United  States,  and  that  they  shall  be 
applicable  to  the  products  of  all  coun- 
tries except  in  those  cases  in  which 
the  President  shall  ascertain  as  a  fact 
that  any  country  imposes  tariff  rates 
unfavorable  to  American  commerce, 
which  are  not  equally  applicable  to 
the  commerce  of  all  other  countries. 

I  believe  that  nations  will  come  to 
recognize  that  the  "closed  door"  in 
dependent  colonies,  and  preference  be- 
tween self-governing  dominions  of  an 
empire,  are  not  compatible  with  har- 
mony and  good  will  in  international 
affairs.  !    ' 


June     19/9 


67 


Quote  Selling  Prices  In  American  Dollars 


By  J.  McCURRACH 

Vice-President  Continental  Commercial 

National  Bank 

— o — 

IT  may  be  necessary  for  American 
exporters,  for  some  time  at  least, 
to  quote  their  selling  prices  in  Amer- 
ican dollars,  for  the  reason  that  dur- 
ing the  present  period  of  readjustment 
American  invoices  might  appear  at  a 
disadvantage  if  quoted  at  a  rate  of 
exchange  very  much  in  variance  with 
the  prevailing  market.  Unless  that 
practice  is  followed,  a  sale  should  be 
effected  against  cable  quotations  and 
the  exchange  sold  by  the  exporter  to 
the  international  banker  immediately 
as  a  matter  of  self-protection. 

The    term    "foreign    exchange"  has 


always  been  looked  upon  as  rather 
vague  and  ambiguous.  If  our  mer- 
chants and  manufacturers  could  be  in- 
duced to  look  into  the  matter  a  little 
more  closely  from  the  proper  view- 
point they  would  find  foreign  ex- 
change problems  in  reality  very  sim- 
ple. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  there  is  nothing 
which  obtains  in  the  general  principles 
of  domestic  business  which  cannot  be 
applied  to  international  transactions. 
The  principle  of  negotiating  credits  is 
exactly  the  same  whether  it  involves 
the  financing  of  a  shipment  to  Osh- 
kosh  or  Timbuctoo. 

The  manufacturer  will  find  that  his 
bank  will  gladly  and  readily  take  care 
of  the  general  detail  work,   and  fur- 


nish him  with  quotations  in  foreign 
currency  which  will  invariably  enable 
him  to  make  a  much  larger  percentage 
of  profit  than  he  could  possibly  make 
in  handling  domestic  transactions. 

If  the  American  manufacturer  en- 
tering the  foreign  field  will  consult 
with  his  banker  and  discuss  his  prob- 
lems fully  and  clearly  he  will  be  con- 
vinced in  a  very  short  time  that  the 
foreign  field  offers  inducements  far 
more  profitable  than  the  domestic 
field;  he  will  be  able  to  give  continual 
employment  to  the  workmen  in  his 
factory  and  thus  be  able  to  el1%n""?i,i 
the  vexatious  accumulation  of  material 
which  he  often  in  the  past  had  to  dis- 
pose of  at  reduced  prices  on  the  home 
market. 


Future  of  Shipbuilding  Industry  Uncertain 


By  HOMER  L.  FERGUSON 

President  Newport  News 

Shipbuilding  Co. 

— o — 

RATES  of  wages  were  substantially 
increased  early  in  1918  to  attract 
workers  to  the  new  shipyards  and  to 
enable  the  old  yards  to  increase  their 
working  force.  The  new  rates  were 
made  substantially  uniform  all  over 
the  country  to  prevent  one  shipyard 
from  being  robbed  by  another.  The 
effect  of  this  and  later  increases  was 
to  increase  the  cost  of  vessels  so  that 
now  the  labor  cost  per  ton  is  over 
twice  what  it  was  for  similar  .work  in 
the  same  yard  two  years  ago. 

The  shipyards  of  the  country  now 
have  equipment  to  build  vessels  in  any 
size  up  to  the  largest  vessels  afloat, 
and  to  build  the  smaller  sizes  of  less 
than  10,000  tons  deadweight  in  any 
number  required.  The  men  who  have 
been   employed   in   shipyards   will   re- 


main if  steady  employment  at  good 
wages  is  assured. 

The  possibilities  of  the  future  of  the 
industry  are  not  very  bright,  however, 
despite  the  interest  which  has  been 
aroused  throughout  the  country.  A 
large  amount  of  capital  has  been  in- 
vested in  building  new  and  enlarging 
old  shipyards,  but  it  has  been  invested 
under  abnormal  conditions  and  is 
greatly  in  excess  of  the  amount  which 
would  have  been  required  in  normal 
times. 

Shipbuilding  wages  have  gone  up 
over  150  per  cent  and  wages  in  the 
steel  industry  have  risen  approxi- 
mately the  same.  The  cost  of  steel 
vessels  per  ton,  therefore,  will  be  two 
or  three  times  the  pre-war  prices  until 
the  industrial  conditions  change. 

Repetitive  or  manufacturing  proc- 
esses in  a  shipyard  are  exceedingly 
small  and,  except  for  his  ancient  ad- 
version  to  labor  saving  tools,  the  Eu- 


ropean workman  in  a  shipyard  has 
had  the  reputation  among  shipbuilders 
of  doing  as  much  work  as  an  Amer- 
ican workman;  their  greater  skill  and 
experience  in  the  minor  trades  offset 
to  a  large  extent  our  use  of  more 
modern  equipment. 

Except  in  the  use  of  pneumatic 
tools,  the  British  and  German  ship- 
yards are  not  particularly  different  in 
their  equipment  from  the  American 
yards. 

American  shipowners  state  that  it 
is  very  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  for 
them  to  compete  with  foreign  owners 
on  account  of  high  wages  paid  and 
more  men  required. 

It  is  interesting  in  this  connection 
to  note  that  the  wages  of  seamen  con- 
stitute probably  from  7  to  12  per  cent 
of  the  cost  of  operation  of  a  vessel, 
whereas  in  the  building  of  a  vessel  in 
a  shipyard  from  40  to  50  per  cent  of 
the  total  cost  is  labor. 


Mission  of  the  Mississippi  Valley  Association 


By  JOHN  M.  PARKER 

President  Mississippi  Valley 

Association 

— o — 

I  AM  sure  that  the  National  Foreign 
Trade  Council  will  welcome  the 
Mississippi  Valley  Association  as  a 
factor  of  huge  potentiality  in  develop- 
ing the  overseas  trading  capacity  of 
the  valley  of  the  Mississippi  and  its 
great  tributaries. 

Our  people  more  and  more  are  real- 
izing that  steady  employment  requires 
steadily  employed  industry,  which  in 
turn  requires  easy  access  to  foreign 
markets   and   regular   foreign   demand 


for  our  surplus  production.  And  so 
it  has  followed  that  we  of  the  great 
producing  region  known  as  the  drain- 
age basin  of  the  Mississippi  and  its 
tributaries  have  organized  for  the  pur- 
pose of  using  our  combined  strength 
to  accomplish  the  following  objec- 
tives : 

(1)  To  develop  an  economic  trans- 
portation system  by  utilizing  our 
transportation  lines  of  lowest  natural 
resistance. 

(2)  To  develop,  equip  and  use  our 
ports  of  nearest  access. 

(3)  To  develop  our  agricultural, 
mining    and    industrial     resources    in 


such  a  way  as  to  enable  them  to  profit 
most  from  economic  transportation. 

"We  feel  that  because  of  the  extent 
of  the  valley  and  the  magnitude  of 
its  resources,  the  region  as  a  whole 
has  a  common  interest  and  a  common 
responsibility  not  only  to  itself  but  to 
the  nation  at  large,  and  that  in  solv- 
ing our  common  problems  of  transpor- 
tation, of  commerce  and  industry  in 
the  most  economic  manner  possible  we 
are  serving  our  country  and  the  world 
in  the  most  effective  way. 

By  developing  our  economies  we  ex- 
pect to  reduce  the  cause  of  unrest. 
If  we  can  do  that,  we  will  safeguard 
our  country  against  internal  trouble. 


68 


Pan   Pacific 


Lowest  Costs  Will  Get  Orders 

Seattle  Manufacturer  Charges  That  Greatest    Handicap    in    Competitive    Trade    is 

American   Extravagance 


IN  my  opinion  there  is  very  little  dif- 
ference between  the  basic  and  fun- 
damental principles  necessary  to  the 
development  of  foreign  trade  and  the 
methods  commonly  used  in  the  suc- 
cessful development  of  our  home 
business. 

The  elaborate  training  for  foreign 
trade  is  much  discussed,  but  1  believe, 
in  the  final  analysis,  the  salesman  with 
the  lowest  cost  and  better  quality  of 
goods — speaking  good  plain  American 
English  and  possessed  of  average 
American  honesty,  application  and  in- 
telligence— will  in  the  end  book  more 
orders  than  the  man  who  wastes  his 
time  and  his  company's  money  aping 
foreign  habits,  customs  and  peculiari- 
ties. 

We  must  investigate  foreign  mar- 
kets and  territory  wherein  we  can  sell 
the  commodity  of  which  we  have  a 
surplus  and  buy  and  bring  back  to 
this  country  the  thing  that  we  need 
and  that  the  other  fellow  has  for  sale. 
There  is  nothing  sound  in  the  expecta- 
tion that  we  can  do  all  of  the  selling 
and  none  of  the  buying. 

Don't  waste  time  or  money  trying 
to  develop  a  foreign  market  for  mer- 
chandise or  commodities  on  which  con- 
ditions make  it  impossible  to  compete 
with  other  foreigners. 

The  richness  of  our  country  proves 
its  greatest  handicap  in  the  develop- 
ment   in    foreign    competitive    trade; 


By  WILLIAM  PI60TT 
(President  Seattle  Car  &  Foundry  Co.) 

— o — 
there   being  no  necessity,   there   is   no 
proper  effort. 

Manufacturers  and  business  men 
and  salesmen  of  the  United  States,  as 
Carlyle  puts  it,  must  get  down  to  plain 


Agriculture  Interested 

"Agriculture  is  interested  not  only  in 
the  direct  export  of  raw  farm  products, 
but  it  has  a  very  great  interest  in  the 
export  of  manufactures  produced  at 
home  from  farm  products.  Cotton  and 
tobacco  manufactures  of  all  kinds, 
leather  and  leather  products,  and  many 
foodstuffs  serve  to  swell  the  total  of  the 
nation's  export  trade  by  calling  upon 
agriculture.  It  is  estimated  that  in 
1918  approximately  $400,000,000  worth 
of  manufactured  articles,  prepared  from 
the  raw  materials  of  agriculture,  went 
into  foreign  trade." — J.  C.  Brand,  Chief 
of  Bureau  of  Markets,  at  Chicago  Con- 
vention. 


living  and  high  thinking  before  we 
can  expect  to  secure  any  great  pro- 
portion of  competitive  foreign  trade. 

Costs  must  be  reduced.  Where  and 
how  can  this  be  accomplished?  The 
answer:  First,  by  reduction  of  over- 
head expense,  which  seems  outrag- 
eously flagrant  and  extravagant  with 
many  of  our  American  manufacturers. 

During  the  past  four  years  we  have 
acquired  many  injurious,  extravagant 


habits  and  customs  that  must  be  elimi- 
nated from  our  business  life  at  once 
if  ,we  expect  to  secure  our  fair  pro- 
portion of  foreign  trade. 

During  the  war  certain  leading  east- 
ern hotels  charged  40  cents  for  one 
baked  potato — just  about  what  a 
farmer  gets  for  a  bushel  out  West. 
At  one  particular  hotel  at  the  national 
capital,  during  the  war  when  the 
menu  cards  were  adorned  with  the 
slogan,  "Help  us  win  the  war,"  right 
below  the  sign  they  quoted,  water- 
melon at  60  cents  a  slice,  while  the 
negro  venders  were  selling  melons  in 
the  street  at  15  cents  each. 

A  few  ways  to  cut  some  of  your 
overhead  are  these: 

First,  cut  out  a  third  of  your  per- 
sonal expenses  in  the  way  of  luxuries, 
and  you  and  your  families  will  live 
longer  and  happier. 

Second,  cut  one-third  of  the  go-be- 
tweens and  middlemen. 

Third,  the  higher-ups  and  supervis- 
ing class  should  accomplish  at  least  25 
per  cent  more  actual  work  and  could 
cut  down  their  office  room  and  ex- 
penses at  least  33  1-3  per  cent. 

Fourth,  the  laboring  man  could  in- 
crease his  efficiency  and  output  at 
least  33  1-3  per  cent  without  either  in- 
convenience or  injury. 

Fifth,  cut  out  the  present  unrea- 
sonable waste   of  materials. 


Parcel  Post  Expansion  is  Waged 


By  MAYNARD  D.  HOWELL 
(Montgomery,  Ward  &  Co.) 


IF  we  are  ever  to  become  a  truly 
great  exporting  nation,  just  as  our 
troops  at  the  front  need  the  weekly, 
daily,  hourly  ministration  of  innumer- 
able supply  forces,  so  our  great  indus- 
tries, sending  their  exports  abroad  in 
huge  volume,  need  the  steadying  and 
ministering  aid  of  a  parcel  post,  so 
that  its  people,  employes  and  others 
who  carry  on  can  readily  and  steadily 
obtain  the  little  but  important  things 
of  life. 

'  There  are  numerous  competent  ship- 
ping organizations  in  this  country  for 
the  satisfactory  handling  of  orders  of 
sufficient  bulk  and  value  to  justify  the 
minimum  expense  for  a  separate  ship- 
ment by  freight.  How  to  deliver  the 
small  trial  orders,  samples,  repair 
parts  and  articles  urgently  needed  in 


quick  time  and  at  low  cost  is  a  ques- 
tion that  many  would-be  exporters 
find  it  impossible  to  answer. 

England  lists  195  countries,  colonies 
or  other  overseas  nations  or  groups  as 
open  to  her  exporters  for  shipment  by 
parcel  post.  The  United  States  lists 
ninety-four  such  countries  and  groups, 
so  that  for  purposes  of  comparison  the 
exporter  of  England  can  ship  his 
wares  by  parcel  post  to  101  more 
countries  of  the  earth  than  can  the 
American  exporter. 

The  most  inconsistent  and  indefen- 
sible inequality  in  the  arrangement  is 
the  situation  by  which  those  British 
colonies  which  have  no  parcel  post 
with  this  country,  and  to  which  our 
Government  has  provided  no  way  for 
our  sending  parcels  through  the  mails 
from  America,  may  yet,  on  the  other 
hand,  send  their  parcels  to  the  United 
States  through  the  English  post. 

As  an  example  of  the  divergence  of 
rates,  a  British  merchant  can  send  a 


package  weighing  11  pounds  to  Dur- 
bar for  $1.80;  we  can  send  it  for  either 
$5.40  by  first  class  mail  or  $8.54  by 
express.  To  Singapore,  where  there  is 
an  immense  demand  for  American 
wares,  for  which  we  are  getting  orders 
by  every  mail.  To  bring  out  11 
pounds  of  our  merchandise  will  cost 
the  buyer  $4.88  by  express  and  $5.40 
by  first  class  mail.  From  London  the 
parcel  postage  would  be  72  cents. 

To  straighten  matters  out  and  to 
provide  a  medium  for  the  future  in- 
crease of  foreign  trade,  a  movement  is 
now  being  organized  with  the  object 
of  extending  the  service  to  all  coun- 
tries not  now  reached ;  increasing  the 
weight  limit  from  11  to  22  pounds; 
changing  the  system  of  charges  from 
a  fixed  rate  per  pound  to  the  group 
system ;  establishing  c.  o.  d.  and  in- 
surance features  wherever  possiblo 
and  minor  improvements  in  the  detail 
handling. 


June     19  19 


69 


Choosing  The  Man  To  Go 

Kodak  Man  Says  Greatest  Trouble  in   Developing  Foreign  Trade  is  Lack  of 

Competent  Salesmen 


r  I  MIE  greatest  trouble  manufactur- 
A  ers  have  in  developing  foreign 
trade  is  lack  of  competent  and  plenti- 
ful help  with  expert  knowledge  of 
languages  and  details. 

A  manufacturer  going  into  the  ex- 
port trade  should  begin  by  selecting  a 
man  to  look  after  the  development  of 
the  business;  one  who  has  traveled,  is 
thoroughly  posted  in  export  dealings, 
and,  if  possible,  one  who  has  a  knowl- 
edge of  foreign  languages.  He  should 
visit  all  the  countries  with  which  he  is 
doing  business,  and  do  the  missionary 
work  necessary  in  new  territories,  so 
he  may  know  where  to  send  his  sales- 
men and  what  to  expect  from  them 
under  the  conditions. 

The  export  manager  should  control 
his  export  credits,  as  he  is  better  able 
than  the  credit  man  to  keep  in  touch 
with  foreign  conditions.  The  require- 
ments of  a  correspondent-salesman 
would  be: 

First,  experience  in  the  shipping 
business;  second,  knowledge  of  some 
of  the  languages  of  the  territory  which 
he  is  to  direct;  third,  traveling  ex- 
perience; fourth,  a  man  who  can  code 
a  cable  efficiently  and  economically 
and  who  will  not  hesitate  to  use  cables 
when  necessary;  competent  to  corre- 
spond in  the  customers'  languages,  or 
at  least  capable  of  writing,  in  addition 
to  English,  French  and  Spanish. 

Among  other  duties  of  this  sales- 
man,  he  should  see  to   it   by   regular 


By  D.  E.  DELGADO 
Eastman  Kodak  Co. 


-o — 


visits  to  the  shipping  room  that  his 
orders  move  regularly,  to  prevent 
packers  from  dispatching  the  smaller 
and    easier    orders    in    preference    to 


Observe  the  Customs 

"Holidays  are  numerous  in  South 
America,  and  these  and  the  customs  of 
the  country  should  be  strictly  observed. 
If  you  happen  to  pass  one  of  the  re- 
ligious processions,  which  are  very  com- 
mon, and  your  native  companion  doffs 
his  hat,  you  should  do  likewise  if  you 
wish  to  avoid  giving  offense.  If  you 
meet  your  merchant  friend  on  the  street 
he  will  remove  his  hat  and  shake  your 
hand  in  greeting.  It  is  a  breach  of 
courtesy  not  to  reciprocate  in  a  like 
manner.  When  entering  a  merchant's 
place  of  business  courtesy  demands  that 
you  uncover  and  remain  so  until  you 
depart." — P.  S.  Steenstrup  at  Chicago 
Convention. 


heavy  and  more  complicated  orders ; 
to  see  that  stencils,  binding  and 
weights,  gross,  net  and  legal,  conform 
to  the  requirements  of  the  tariff  of  the 
country  of  destination,  and  also  to  be 
able  to  get  an  idea  as  to  the  size  and 
weight  of  the  shipments  in  order  to 
write  to  his  freight  broker  to  engage 
space  and  secure  shipping  permit  for 
the  transportation  of  the  merchandise 
to  destination. 


He  should  also  see  that  the  invoices, 
which  should  be  made  in  Spanish  for 
Latin  American  countries,  show  the 
net,  legal  and  gross  weights,  as  well 
as  the  measurement  of  each  case,  and 
in  addition  the  net  weight  of  each 
class  of  item  packed  in  such  case. 
Great  care  must  be  used  in  marking 
and  packing,  as  a  customer  in  any 
one  town  is  apt  to  wish  his  goods 
classified  under  a  certain  paragraph  of 
the  tariff  and  a  customer  in  another 
town  may  require  the  same  goods 
classified  under  a  separate  paragraph 
of  the  same  tariff,  and  any  deviation 
would  be  apt  to  cause  heavy  fines  at 
the  customs  and  the  manufacturer 
would  face  a  heavy  payment  in  addi- 
tion   to    disturbing   pleasant    relations. 

The  order  clerk  must  have  a  good 
schooling  and  at  least  a  course  in  a 
business  college;  be  familiar  with  the 
metric  system;  a  man  with  good 
judgment  to  interpret  an  order;  who 
should  be  able  to  decode  a  cable  mes- 
sage, and  who  should  be  somewhat 
familiar  with  foreign  languages. 

The  best  man  in  the  domestic  pack- 
ing room,  and  by  this  I  mean  the  most 
careful  and  not  the  man  who  turns 
out  the  most  work,  should  be  the  one 
selected  to  do  foreign  packing,  as  very 
frequently  each  item,  before  being 
placed  in  the  packing  case,  must  be 
weighed  for  legal  and  net  weights, 
and  he  must  make  a  careful  record  of 
the  contents  of  each  case. 


Europe   Will  Not  Be  Competitor  In  Years 


By  MAURICE  COSTER 
Westinghouse  Electric  Co. 


NO  one  who  has  not  talked  at  first 
hand  with  the  business  men  of 
the  allied  nations  can  have  an  accurate 
understanding  of  their  present  situa- 
tion. In  the  first  place,  the  war,  while 
it  may  have  brought  prosperity  to  in- 
dividuals in  the  allied  countries,  has 
I^ft  the  nations,  as  nations,  practically 
bankrupt. 

Creat  Britain,  for  instance,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  enormous  debt  which  she 
incurred  during  the  war,  has  sold  al- 
most all  her  foreign  holdings  with  the 
exception  of  two  billion  pounds  ster- 
ling of  South  American  securities, 
which  she  has  retained  to  prevent  the 
severance  of  her  trade  relations  in 
that  quarter. 

The  debt  of  France  is  so  great  that 
it  has  been  estimated  that  every  man, 


woman  and  child  in  France  now  owes 
the  rest  of  the  world  one  thousand  dol- 
lars. 

Italy  is  laboring  under  an  enormous 
burden  of  debt,  and  without  adequate 
natural  resources  of  her  own,  such  as 
coal  and  iron,  is  in  even  a  worse  posi- 
tion than  Great  Britain  or  France. 

At  the  present  moment  our  allies  are 
engaged  in  a  desperate  endeavor  to  ef- 
fect the  transition  from  a  war  to  a 
peace  basis.  Their  problem  in  this  re- 
gard is  infinitely  greater  than  our  own, 
because,  unlike  ourselves,  they  de- 
pended upon  other  nations  during  the 
war  for  peace  time  necessities,  and 
transferred  practically  their  entire  in- 
dustrial strength  to  manufacturing  the 
munitions  of  war.  It  will  take  at  least 
two  years  to  place  the  factories  of 
England,  France  and  Italy  in  the 
same  position  for  peace  time  produc- 
tion  which   obtained  before  the  war. 


This,  then,  is  the  picture  which 
every  American  manufacturer  should 
have  before  his  eyes  when  he  consid- 
ers developing  his  trade  in  the  allied 
countries.  Practically  untouched  by 
the  war  he  is  in  a  position  to  undersell 
the  allied  industries  in  their  own  mar- 
kets. If  he  were  permitted  to  go 
freely  into  these  markets  and  compete 
without  restriction  it  would  mean  the 
temporary,  if  not  the  permanent,  de- 
struction of  Europe's  industries. 

While  the  European  countries  are 
restoring  their  domestic  affairs  the  de- 
mand of  the  rest  of  the  world  for  our 
products  will  be  greater  than  ever  be- 
fore. What  we  lose  in  Europe  by  tak- 
ing the  large  minded  view  will  in  a 
measure  be  compensated  for  by  the  in- 
creased opportunities  presented  by 
those  countries  which  formerly  drew 
the  greater  part  of  their  imports  from 
Europe. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 

MAY  12  to  16 

1920 


T1 


HIS    sign    marks    an 
EPOCH        in        the 
OVERSEAS  COMMERCE 
of   the    United    States    of 
America.        It     signalizes 
THE  AWAKENING  of  a 
great  nation  to  PAN  PA- 
CIFIC    POSSIBILITIES. 
It  flashes  the  continent-wide  recognition  of  the  new  place 
of  the  Pacific  Coast  in  the  SUN  OF  WORLD  TRADE.     It 
points  the  way  to  the  beginning  of  a  NEW  ERA. 

San  Francisco,  a  year  hence,  will  be  the  COMMERCIAL 
MECCA  of  the  Western  hemisphere.  But  its  interest  will 
spread  to  all  corners  of  the  Earth.  The  selection  of  this 
city  as  the  location  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Conven- 
tion in  1920  is  a  further  STEP  FORWARD  than  indicated 
by  the  jump  from  Chicago  to  the  Golden  Gate.  As  the  cen- 
ter of  world  trade  activity  steadily  and  irresistibly  moves 
westward,  so  the  sway  of  this  Pacific  edge  of  the  North 
American  continent  in  that  trade  will  never  lose  the  im- 
petus to  be  given  by  the  seventh  potential  Congress  of 
American  industrial  leaders. 

The  winning  of  the  Convention  for  San  Francisco  at 
the  sixth  assembly  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Council 
in  Chicago  was  not  alone  a  victory  for  this  city.  Primarily 
it  was  a  recognition  of  and  tribute  to  the  NEW  STATUS 
of  the  Pacific  Coast,  inclusive  of  all  its  ports,  in  the  rapidly 
shifting  map  of  world  commerce.  It  was  the  good  fortune 
of  San  Francisco,  because  of  its  favorable  geographical 
position,  its  longer  claim  upon  the  nation  as  a  Pacific  outlet 
and  its  financial  dominance  of  the  western  seaboard,  to  be 
awarded  the  convention  in  preference  to  any  of  the  great 
ports  to  north  or  south  of  it.  Illustrative  of  the  splendid 
harmony  now  actuating  the  entire  Coast  it  should  not  be 
forgotten  that  the  claims  of  this  port  to  the  1920  Assembly 
were  enthusiastically  backed  by  Seattle,  Tacoma,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles  and  San  Diego.  It  was  this  unanimity  that 
won  the  Convention  for  the  Pacific  Coast  and  it  will  be  this 
unanimity  that  will  make  the  gathering  here  in  May  next 
the  MOST  NOTABLE  TRADE  CONFERENCE  in  history. 

*       #       * 

A  PAN  PACIFIC  CONVENTION  TOO ! 

THE  assurance  of  a  National  Convention  in  1920  offers 
to  San  Francisco  and  the  Pacific  Coast  a  wonderful 
opportunity  that  MUST  NOT  BE  NEGLECTED !  It  is  an 
opportunity  that  had  been  daringly  wished  for  but  less 
than  half  expected.  It  is  an  opportunity  for  another  and 
EVEN  GREATER  CONVENTION— that  will  challenge  the 
attention  of  the  whole  world.  It  is  an  opportunity,  at  last, 
for  a  PAN  PACIFIC  CONVENTION ! 

The  date  is  propitious;  the  circumstances  alluring;  the 
opportunity,  in  such  favorable  form,  may  never  again  be 
presented.  It  is  expected  that  one  thousand  of  the  indus- 
trial and  commercial  chiefs  of  the  nation  from  points  east 
of  the  Rockies  will  be  in  attendance  at  the.  Foreign  Trade 


Congress.  Probably  half  as  many  more  will  be  present 
from  this  Coast.  To  these  will  be  added  American  mer- 
chants located  in  the  Orient,  in  Oceanfa  and  in  Latin- 
America.  The  gathering  will  have  a  strong  Pan  Pacific 
flavor,  but  it  will  be  purely  NATIONAL  IN  CHARACTER. 

The  value  of  this  National  Convention  to  Pan  Pacific 
trade  development  can  scarcely  be  overestimated.  But 
that  value  may  be  vastly  increased  and  immediately  ac- 
celerated if  the  scheduled  sessions  could  be  combined  with 
or  merged  into  an  INTERNATIONAL  TRADE  CONGRESS 
embracing  the  entire  PAN  PACIFIC  AREA.  In  the  course 
of  a  season  hundreds  of  merchants  from  Asia,  the  Far 
East  and  Australia  arrive  on  this  Coast  in  quest  of  Amer- 
ican goods.  Ordinarily  they  go  straight  through  to  New 
York.  With  little,  if  any,  disturbance  to  their  own  plans 
a  majority  of  these  might  arrange  their  itineraries  so  as  to 
be  in  San  Francisco  during  convention  week.  Undoubtedly 
a  large  proportion  of  these  would  do  so  if  they  had  knowl- 
edge, sufficiently  in  advance,  of  a  special  session  or  sessions 
for  Pan  Pacific  trade  discussions  of  a  get-together  nature. 
Such  sessions,  of  course,  would  be  open  to  all  interested 
nationalities  and  invitations  for  official  representation 
should  be  sent  to  all  Pacific  countries. 

This  matter  is  of  such  supreme  importance  at  this  time 
that  the  gentlemen  in  charge  of  preparatory  arrangements 
for  the  National  Convention  are  respectfully  urged  to  take 
immediate  action  towards  getting  together  Pan  Pacific  in- 
terests, with  a  view  to  calling  an  International  Convention 
to  be  held  simultaneously  with  or  immediately  following 
the  assembly  already  scheduled.  In  the  meantime  the 
editor  of  this  magazine  will  be  glad  to  receive  suggestions 
bearing  on  this  subject  from  readers  on  both  sides  of  the 
ocean.  In  any  effort  from  an  authoritative  quarter  toward 
a  Pan  Pacific  Convention  the  hearty  co-operation  of  this 
magazine  is  assured  in  advance.  It  would  be  WICKED 
TO  NEGLECT  THIS  OPPORTUNITY ! 

•      •      # 

PERMANENT  PAN  PACIFIC  EXPOSITION 

WHILE  on  the  subject  of  a  Pan-Pacific  Convention  in 
San  Francisco  it  will  be  interesting  to  note  that 
plans  for  a  permanent  Pan  Pacific  exposition  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, as  advocated  by  this  magazine,  have  begun  to  take 
shape.  A  local  syndicate  has  been  organized  with  sufficient 
backing  to  erect  a  Pan  Pacific  building  in  the  downtown 
district  of  San  Francisco,  several  sites  are  under  considera- 
tion and  tentative  drawings  have  been  made  of  the  pro- 
posed structure.  These  provide  for  a  monumental  pile,  cal- 
culated to  be  an  ornament  to  the  city  and  an  advertisement 
of  Pan  Pacific  progress.  Besides  a  huge  exposition  hall, 
with  tiers  of  galleries,  there  will  be  suites  of  offices  to  be 
assigned  to  interested  nationalities,  besides  offices  and  as- 
sembly rooms  for  Pan  Pacific  merchants,  traders  and 
agents.  It  is  understood  that  in  the  event  of  a  Pan  Pacific 
Convention  in  May  next  an  effort  will  be  made  to  rush  the 
plans  to  completion  by  that  time. 


PACIFIC  COAST  WORKING  AS  A  UNIT 

THE  most  encouraging  sign  of  the  times  is  the  unity 
in  which  all  Pacific  Coast  ports  are  working  on  mat- 
ters affecting  the  Coast  as  a  whole.  This  has  heen  strik- 
ingly illustrated  on  two  recent  occasions.  One  was  the 
award  of  the  Foreign  Trade  Convention  for  1920,  in  which 
the  bid  of  San  Francisco  was  backed  by  all  Pacific  delega- 
tions at  the  Chicago  convention,  and  the  other  was  the 
effort  to  obtain  restoration  of  pre-war  export  and  import 
rail  rates  via  this  Coast,  in  which  a  composite  committee 
representing  all  Pacific  ports  did  splendid  service  at  Wash- 
ington. Recognition  that  this  Coast  has  GOT  TO  FIGHT 
for  an  even  break,  insofar  as  rail  and  steamship  rates  are 
concerned,  with  Atlantic  ports,  has  had  the  salutary  effect 
of  burying  past  differences  and  bringing  all  Coast  interests 
together.     It's  an  ill  wind! 


ATTRACTIVE  FEATURES  ARE  IN  PROSPECT 

BECAUSE  of  the  space  devoted  to  the  Chicago  Conven- 
tion in  this  number  of  PAN  PACIFIC  magazine  sev- 
eral attractive  features,  including  illustrated  articles,  have 
been  held  over  for  the  July  issue.  This  magazine  is  building 
up  a  staff  of  capable  and  reliable  correspondents  in  all  Pan 
Pacific  countries,  who  will  keep  the  rapidly-widening  circle 
of  PAN  PACIFIC  readers  regularly  informed  as  to  develop- 
ments in  and  trade  needs  of  those  countries. 


WHAT  THE  CHICAGO  CONVENTION  ACCOMPLISHED 

INDICATIVE  of  the  character  and  volume  of  business 
that  will  be  considered  by  the  San  Francisco  Foreign 
Trade  Convention  a  brief  resume  of  Chicago  Convention 
results  may  be  of  interest.  That  convention  signified  the 
awakening  of  the  United  States,  but  particularly  of  the 
great  Middle  West  to  the  importance  of  looking  beyond 
our  own  shores  for  industrial  expansion — a  step  which 
marks  the  beginning  of  a  new  epoch  in  American  foreign 
commerce.  According  to  the  report  presented  at  the  close 
of  the  convention  by  its  chairman,  James  A.  Farrell,  presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  Steel  Corporation,  the  carrying 
out  of  several  bills  recommended  by  the  convention  seems 
assured. 

The  report  particularly  emphasized  the  importance  of 
completing  at  the  earliest  possible  moment  the  Govern- 
ment's shipbuilding  program.  It  recommended  discontinu- 
ing Government  operation  of  Government  owned  ships  and 
the  immediate  transfer  of  such  vessels  to  general  commer- 
cial service  under  sale  and  contract  arrangements.  It  also 
pointed  out  the  faults  of  our  shipping,  navigation,  classifi- 
cation and  measurement  laws. 

Increased  cable  and  wireless  service,  coal  and  fuel  de- 
posits along  trade  routes,  definite  plans  for  aerial  naviga- 
tion, free  zones  for  facilitating  manufacture  and  commerce, 
a  bargaining  tariff,  the  development  of  international  parcel 


post,  establishment  of  consular  and  diplomatic  service  on 
a  basis  that  will  attract  more  competent  and  ambitious 
young  men  and  the  reinstating  of  railroad  differential 
rates  were  all  recommended. 

Neither  was  the  Mexican  situation  overlooked,  for 
measures  to  protect  investments  abroad  were  suggested. 
The  report  stated  that  the  convention  had  clearly  demon- 
strated American  need  of  expanding  export  trade  to  sta- 
bilize conditions  at  home,  and  emphasized  especially  the 
vital  interest  of  labor  and  agriculture  in  the  maintenance 
of  foreign  trade. 


DR.  PRATT  SCORES  CONSULAR  SERVICE 

ONE  of  the  sensations  of  the  Chicago  Convention  was 
the  excoriation  of  the  American  consular  service  by 
Dr.  E.  E.  Pratt,  formerly  chief  of  the  United  States  Bureau 
of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce. 

"Far  too  many  irresponsible  or  malicious  foreign  con- 
cerns are  able  to  defraud  American  business  houses  and 
'get  away  with  it,'  "  said  Dr.  Pratt.  "The  chief  reason  is 
undoubtedly  the  distance.  Too  few  of  our  consular  and 
diplomatic  representatives  abroad  are  willing  to  go  out  of 
their  way  to  assist  American  business  men  in  getting  their 
just  dues  when  controversies  with  foreign  concerns  arise. 
Perhaps  it  would  be  too  much  to  ask  of  our  Government 
representatives  abroad  that  they  assist  the  American  busi- 
ness man  who  finds  himself  in  disagreement  with  his  for- 
eign customer. 

"There  is,  however,  a  certain  group  of  cases  in  which 
the  American  exporter  should  be  protected  and  assisted  by 
our  representatives  abroad.  Such  cases  are  those  where 
frauds  are  perpetrated,  particularly  those  frauds  that  are 
made  easy  by  foreign  legislation  or  lack  of  legislation.  I 
refer  particularly  to  cases  where  merchandise  is  imported, 
refused  and  then  must  be  sold  to  meet  Custom  House 
charges." 


CULTURAL  EQUIPMENT  IN  FOREIGN  TRADE 

ONE  of  the  most  interesting  addresses  at  Chicago  was 
that  by  John  F.  0  'Hara,  C.  S.  C,  of  Notre  Dame  Uni- 
versity, whose  topic  was  "Cultural  Equipment  for  Foreign 
Trade." 

"Possibly  the  constructive  work  of  the  educational  sec- 
tion of  this  convention,"  said  Father  O'Hara,  "has  stressed 
too  much  the  importance  of  technical  training  and  has 
overlooked  the  fact  that  college  men  are  sought  for  com- 
merce because  of  the  broadened  vision  and  resourcefulness 
which  the  college  is  expected  to  develop." 

It  was  decried  as  lamentable  that  more  consideration 
had  not  been  given  to  the  type  of  personality  of  the  men 
American  firms  have  been  in  the  habit  of  sending  abroad. ' 
R.  S.  MacElwee  and  Glen  Levin  Swiggett  of  the  United 
States  Bureaus  of  Commerce  and  Education  respectively, 
voiced  the  opinion  of  the  Government  concerning  this  sub- 
ject and  told  of  the  work  which  is  already  being  done  to 
train  the  right  type  of  young  man  for  the  foreign  field. 


72 


Pan   Pacific 


What  China  Means  to  Civilization 

With  Her  People  Liberated  From  Bondage    New    Asiatic    Republic    May 
Develop   Commerce  of  $300,000,000,000   Per  Year 


IN  one  respect  China  is  old ;  in  an- 
other it  is  exceedingly  new.  It 
possesses  the  dual  aspect  of  being  ven- 
erable with  age  and  yet  a  child  in  the 
simple  and  unaffected  manifestations 
of  its  national  possibilities. 

China  has  100,000,000  more  inhabi- 
tants than  Tndia  and  30,000  miles  less 
of  railway  communications.  While 
India  has  about  36,000  miles  of  rail- 
way and  300,000,000  people,  China  has 
only  6,000  miles  and  over  400,000,000 
people.  While  India  has  been  making 
progress  and  actually  emancipating 
its  women  from  an  intolerable  bond- 
age, China  has  been  enchained  by  for- 
eign mercenaries  and  still  regards  its 
mothers  and  daughters  as  the  orna- 
mental filigree  of  repressing  custom, 
and,  thus  denies  to  itself  the  essential 
forces  that  progress  necessarily  re- 
quires to  advance  the  step  of  happi- 
ness on  earth. 

The  trouble  in  the  past  has  grown 
out  of  the  superficial  insight  men  get 
of  different  phases  of  international  life 
by  following  the  beaten  paths  of  ob- 
servation and  of  history.  They  never 
seem  to  look  beneath  the  surface  of 
existing  evil.  They  observe  a  fact, 
but  never  try  to  understand  why  that 
fact  exists. 

What   Average    Traveller 
Will    Observe    in    China 

The  average  traveller  will  take  a 
run  through  China  and  see  the  Pu  Yun 
Su  temple,  the  Summer  Palace,  the 
Camel  Back  bridge,  the  .  Temple  of 
Heaven,  the  Yellow  Temple  of  the 
Buddha  over  at  Tatungfu;  he  may  go 
out  to  Nankow  and  see  the  Wall,  or 
the  Pailou  of  the  tombs  of  Ming;  he 
may  bump  into  the  Tartar  wall  with- 
out recognizing  what  he  has  encount- 
ered, or  amble  across  the  Marco  Polo 
bridge  without  stopping  to  consider 
what  put  it  there  or  why  the  things 
he  has  been  mentally  devouring  bub- 
ble up  at  every  step  to  punctuate  his 
solitary  walk. 

Now,  it  does  seem  that  the  phenom- 
ena of  a  race  of  400.000.000  people 
without  more  than  6,000  miles  of  rail- 
road, in  this  day  and  age,  is  worthy 
of  graver  and  more  thoughtful  in- 
quiry. It  does  seem  that  among  a 
people  who  prefer  to  deposit  their 
savings  in  a  sand  bank  instead  of  a 
trust  company,  who  comprise  one- 
fourth  of  the  entire  human  family  and 
less  than  one-sixtieth  of  its  wealth, 
who  drift  through  life  on  an  earning 
capacity  of  less  than  six  cents  a  day 
and  who  I'  ;  in  an  age  of  dynamic 
energy  am'  monumental  indebtedness 
and  taxatio  ■.  should  interest  the  rest 


By 

WILLIAM  RUTLEDGE  McGARRY 

— o — 

of  us  who  have  enjoyed  the  luxury  of 

war  and  the  privilege   of  paying  for 

it  by  our  eternal  sweat. 

Things     That     China 
Needs    This    Moment 

In  this  necessarily  brief  article  1 
shall  not  discuss  the  art  of  the  Myng 
dynasty,  nor  speak  about  their  tombs 
at  Nankow,  or  the  architecture  of  the 
Pagoda  at  Chin-Kiang,  or  the  temple 
of  Confucius  with  its  marvellously 
carved  columns  and  over-hanging  en- 
tabliture,  nor  of  the  beautiful  lakes 
near  Hang-Chow,  nor  the  thousand 
other  inspiring  subjects  that  cluster 
around  antiquity  like  a  halo  around 
the  head  of  a  Lippi  virgin  to  charm 
the  artist  and  interest  the  gens  d' 
lettres.  I  shall  discuss  only  the  things 
that  China  needs  this  moment,  and 
what  the  whole  world  must  recognize 
as  necessary  in  China  to  enable  the 
world  itself  to  achieve  a  nobler  and 
sublimer  destiny  than  it  has  ever  yet 
attained. 

We  do  not  respect  the  business 
judgment  of  a  man  who  builds  a  man- 
sion of  a  hundred  rooms  and  seals 
himself  in  the  living  room  and  kitchen. 
We  have  little  admiration  for  the  head 
of  a  family  who  devotes  his  entire 
fortune  to  one  of  his  sporty  sons, 
keeps  his  daughters  in  ignorance  and 
the  rest  of  the  family  in  drudgery  and 
rags. 

And  what  must  we  think  of  a  man- 
ager who  undertakes  a  job  with  a 
gang  of  men  and  locks  a  fourth  of 
them  in  the  coffee  house  while  he  uses 
the  whip  and  the  lash  on  the  backs 
of  the  rest  to,  complete  the  job  on 
schedule  time?  That  has  been  the 
situation  of  this  world  for  the  past 
4,000  years.  It  is  the  situation  of  the 
world  today. 

China      Walled      Off 
from  Human  Family 

We  have  walled  ourselves  off  from 
China. 

We  have  given  our  fortunes  to  the 
sports  of  war.  kept  our  mothers  and 
daughters  in' ignorance,  and  forced  the 
rest  of  the  family .  to  struggle  and 
sweat  under  the  load  of  debt  and  ex- 
travagance that  our  barbarous  chil- 
dren have  created  in  their  selfish  and 
riotous  contempt  of  decency  and  hu- 
man life. 

We  have  piled  up  an  international 
debt  of  $200,000,000,000  in  this  war, 
told  our  manager  to  lock  up  a  fourth 
of  our  man  power  and  dig  out  of  the 
soil  with  three-fourths  of  our  help,  the 


new  wealth  that  the  world  must  create 
to  discharge  the  debt  that  our  petted 
and  pampered  and  greedy  and  riotous 
spendthrift  of  a  warlike  son  has  left 
as  a  legacy  to  the  world  he  has  too 
long  dominated  and  abused. 

Now  China  needs  railroads  to  en- 
able her  to  elevate  her  standard  of 
living.  She  needs  the  organization  of 
her  finances ;  to  be  taught  the  mean- 
ing of  confidence  in  a  banking  system 
that  will  respond  to  the  economic 
needs  of  the  nation.  And  she  must  be 
liberated  from  all  extra  territorial 
limitations  upon  her  sovereign  right 
to  reveal  and  express  her  national  pur- 
pose and  national  capacity  to  elevate 
the  economic  lot  of  the  whole  human 
family  of  which  she  is  so  important  a 
part.  That's  what  China  needs.  And 
her  needs  are  the  imperative  needs  of 
the  world  in  this  blood-soaked  genera- 
tion of  ours. 

What  War  Debt  Means 
Shown  by  Comparisons 

First,  let  me  tell  you  what  our  war 
debt  means:  To  pay  what  the  United 
States,  alone,  has  squandered  in  this 
desolating  war. 

It  will  absorb  all  our  potato  crop 
for  ninety  years,  our  oat  crop  for  sixty 
years,  our  wheat  crop  for  forty-two 
years,  our  hay  crop  for  forty-eight 
years,  our  cotton  crop  for  for.ty-two 
years,  our  corn  crop  for  twenty-four 
vears,  all  our  animal  products  for 
forty-two  years,  and  consume  more 
than  twenty-four  times  all  the  cash 
holdings  of  all  our  national  banks  in 
the  year  1916. 

The  entire  international  co?nmerce 
of  the  world  is  only  $45,000,000,000. 
The  commerce  of  the  United  States 
alone  is  over  $190,000,000,000  with 
only  100,000,000  people  to  develop  it. 
The  reason  for  this  is  found  in  our 
marvelous  railroad  system  under  the 
management  of  the  individual  Amer- 
ican gentleman.  In  proof  of  this  let 
me  tell  you  how  commerce  has  de- 
veloped throughout  the  world. 

How  the  Railroads 

Have  Built  Trade 
In  1816,  with  no  railroads,  t!:'> 
world's  trade  was  only  $1,500,000,000. 
Tn  1850,  with  24,000  miles,  it  reached 
a  mere  $4,000,000,000.  In  1870,  with 
170.000  miles,  it  had  mounted  to  $10.- 
500.000.000.  Tn  1900,  with  430.000 
miles  it  sprang  forward  to  $21,000.- 
000,000.  But  in  the  sixteen  years  that 
followed  with  railroads  pulsating 
a  round  the  whole  commercial  world 
and  winding  around  630,000  miles  of  j 
throbbing     fields     of     enterprise,     the 


June     19  19 


73 


CANAL   AT   CANTON    DIVIDING    NATIVE   AND    FOREIGN    SECTIONS 


commerce  of  nations  leaped  from  $21,- 
000,000,000  to  $45,000,000,000! 

Tt  was  the  railroad  that  did  this  by 
increasing  the  purchasing  power  of 
nations  and  distributing  the  wealth  of 
human  effort  among  its  own  creators 
for  the  benefit  of  themselves  and  the 
entire  human  race. 

Now,  if  the  United  States  with  only 
100,000,000  people,  has  developed 
$190,000,000,000,  with  248,000  miles  of 
railway,  what  will  China  do  with  the 
same  per  capita  mileage? 

It  is  incomprehensible !  And  yet,  it 
is  not  inconceivable  if  China  will  adopt 
the  customs  of  the  American  people. 
If  she  will  disentangle  herself  from 
the  repressing  customs  of  the  past 
and  get  into  the  game  with  the  Amer- 
ican idea  of  life,  she  will  start  build- 
ing her  railroads  at  once;  that  is  as 
poon  as  the  Peace  Conference  liberates 
her  from  all  foreign  domination. 

She  will  begin  raising  the  wage  scale 
of  her  people,  while  they  are  engaged 
in  building  the  roads,  from  six  cents 


to  a  dollar  a  day.  She  will  thus  put 
wealth  into  circulation  and  develop  a 
commerce  of  $300,000,000,000  every 
year.  That  will  mean  to  the  rest  of 
the  world  the  liberation  of  its  indus- 
try from  taxation  and  debt  to  a  mar- 
vellous extent. 

What  China's  Awakening 
Means    to    Human    Race 

If  the  balance  of  the  world  gains 
only  a  tenth  of  it  in  international 
traffic,  we  will  receive  a  yearly  item 
of  $30,000,000,000  to  discharge  the  war 
debt  and  ultimately  liberate  the  hu- 
man race  from  the  the  appalling  bur- 
dens of  usury  and  taxation  that  bury 
our  noblest  impulses  under  a  load  of 
misery  and  selfishness  and  hatred  of 
the  human  race. 

It  has  been  my  constant  hope  for 
many  years  that  the  sunlight  of  such 
an  age  would  dawn  upon  the  world. 
I  have  always  insisted  that  the  way 
to  rid  the  world  of  war  was  to  legis- 
late the  profit  out  of  war;  and  I  have 
always  said  that  the  only  way  to  drive 


poverty  and  shame  from  the  face  of 
this  sin-embittered  earth  was  to  bring 
communications  to  half  the  human 
race  who  slumber  in  penury  and  stalk 
like  shadowy  forms  of  misery  through 
the  halls  of  economic  death. 

I  claim  today  that  the  money  spent 
by  Germany,  alone,  in  this  Pentacost 
of  blood,  if  directed  to  the  noble  pur- 
pose of  industrial  activity,  would 
have  created  a  network  of  railroads  of 
600,000  miles  throughout  the  Orient 
and  flooded  the  whole  world  with  the 
supcrinvesting  glory  of  tranquillity 
and  happiness  on  earth.  In  the  peace 
I  hope  to  see  established,  I  feel  cer- 
tain that  some  of  these  ideas  will  be 
molded  into  international  covenants 
in  order  that  the  people  of  the  Orient 
may  elevate  their  civilization,  increase 
their  productive  power  and  vitalize 
their  purchasing  capacity  so  that  the 
reign  of  idleness  and  hunger  and  des- 
titution that  has  cursed  the  human 
family  in  the  past  would  be  hurled 
forever  from  this  world. 


74 


Pan   Pacific 


Mexico  Awakening 

Mexican  Commercial  Agent  Tells  of  Aims  and  Needs 
of  Troubled  Republic 


By  LAZARO  BASCII 
— o— 

DURING  the  last  few  years  there 
has  been  a  great  awakening 
among  Mexican  producers,  who  are 
beginning  to  realize  the  immense  pos- 
sibilities of  their  wonderfully  re- 
sourceful country,  with  its  wealth  of 
minerals,  its  vast  stretches  of  virgin 
forests,  its  rich  soil,  as  yet  hardly 
scratched.  The  great  strain  of  un- 
certainty and  depression,  mentally 
and  economically,  is  being  gradually 
lifted. 

In  consequence  of  the  world-wide 
metamorphosis,  I  feel  it  no  exaggera- 
tion to  say  that  very  soon  there  will 
be  adequate  shipping  facilities  to  ex- 
port Mexico's  surplus  raw  materials. 
These  include  a  variety  of  agricultural 
products,  notably  the  famous  garbanzo 
bean,  which  is  produced  in  enormous 
quantities — the  two  states  of  Sonora 
and  Sinaloa  alone  produce  over  a  mil- 
lion tons  annually — tropical  fruits  in 
endless  variety,  vegetables  and  the 
well   known   henequen   or   sisal   hemp. 

Then  there  are  the  vast  mineral 
products  of  almost  every  variety 
known  to  man,  sea  food  products  of 
many  kinds,  fine  cabinet  woods  of 
wonderfully  lasting  qualities,  sugar, 
alcohol  and  so  forth,  ad  infinitum.  The 
next  crops  will  be  far    in    excess    of 


domestic    needs,    the    surplus    product 
awaiting  the  first  buyer. 

Mexican  Government 
Helping    the    Farmer 

The  present  Mexican  administration 
is  doing  all  in  its  power  to  help  the 
farmer,  especially  he  of  the  small 
holdings,  supplying  him  with  all  man- 
ner of  agricultural  implements  and 
machinery,  which  are  sold  at  cost  on 
long-credit  terms.  With  the  modern 
labor-saving  machinery  which  this 
country  is  supplying  and  its  effect 
upon  intensified  farming,  it  is  impos- 
sible to  estimate  the  possible  results 
from  the  favored  soil  of  Mexico. 

I  frequently  find  that  in  discussing 
Mexican  shipping  the  average  Amer- 
ican business  man  has  in  mind  only 
the  Pacific  Coast  ports,  notably  Guay- 
mas,  Mazatlan,  Manzanillo,  Acapulco 
and  Salina  Cruz.  We  must  not  ignore 
the  Atlantic  Coast  shipping  possibili- 
ties, from  the  ports  of  Tampico,  Vera 
Cruz,  Puerto  Mexico  and  Progreso,  at 
the  entrance  to  the  immense  territories 
of  Quintana'  Roo,  Yucatan,  Campeche, 
Tabasco  and  Vera  Cruz,  all  awaiting 
the  happy  day  that  shall  give  them 
a  chance  to  export  their  treasures. 

It  is  difficult  to  give  an  idea  of  the 
extent  of  the  fine  henequen  produced 
in  these  territories,  the  valuable  and 
durable  hardwoods,  the  tropical 
fruits,  to  say  nothing  of  the  immense 


IN  THE  FOREIGN  SECTION   OF  HONG   KONG 


LAZARO    BASCH 

petroleum  regions,  whose  production 
is  retarded  only  by  the  cruel  lack  of 
transportation.  The  Mexican  petrol- 
eum industry,  yet  only  in  its  infancy, 
already  ranks  second  in  oil  production 
only  to  the  United  States,  owing  to  the 
chaotic  conditions  which  hamper  the 
oil  industry  in  Russia,  formerly  con- 
sidered the  world's  greatest  producer 
of  petroleum. 

Can  Do  Nothing 
Without     Shipping 

Yet  what  can  we  do  when  the  big 
American  steamship  lines  do  not 
think  it  worth  their  while  to  make 
stops  at  the  important  ports  of  Guay- 
mas  or  Acapulco?  It  seems  impossi- 
ble to  impress  the  high  administrators 
of  these  overly  independent  compa- 
nies that  the  crying  need  in  Mexico 
today  is  for  greater  merchant  marine 
facilities. 

Nevertheless,  no  matter  how  active 
are  the  political  agitators  in  general 
and  the  "coupon-cutters"  and  happy 
members  of  Wall  street's  "La  Haute 
Banque"  in  particular,  in  their  efforts 
to  belittle  Mexico,  she  is  striving  with 
all  her  might  and  main  to  prove  to 
the  world  her  limitless  resources,  re- 
gardless of  interference,  obstacles  and 
calumny. 

Mexico  needs  everything  that  the 
United  States  manufactures.  In  con- 
sequence of  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment now  returning  thousands  of  in- 
dustrial plants  to  their  pre-war  pro- 
ductions, and  because  of  the  myriads 
of  returning  soldiers,  von  will  soon  feel 
the  need  of  new  fields  wherein  to  dis- 
pose of  your  surplus  products.  How 
can  this  be  more  easily  done  than  by 
means  of  boats  plying  on  both  Amer- 
ican coasts  and  stopping  at  all  Mex- 
ican ports?  Onlv  show  the  producers 
that  they  may  have  a  way  to  ship 
their  product  and  opportunities  will 
open  on  all  sides. 

In  behalf  of  the  mutual  benefits  to  j 
both    countries    to    be    derived    from 


June     19  19 


Asks  Square  Deal 

Coastwise  Shipping  a  Great  Need  Along  Both  Sides 
of  Latin- American  Nation 


such  a  course,  I  earnestly  and  respect- 
fully ask  the  far-seeing  directors  of 
the  steamship  companies  that  now  op- 
erate so  indifferently  between  this 
country  and  Mexico,  to  take  this  seri- 
ous matter  under  consideration.  They 
could  easily  open  new  branches  to 
care  for  these  neglected  ports.  They 
might  even  combine  to  avoid  competi- 
tion. 

Beg     For     Service 
Between    Countries 

All  we  ask  is  that  we  get  the  ser- 
vice. It  is  a  crying  need;  it  is  an  in- 
dispensable necessity  for  the  growth 
and  development  of  the  commerce  of 
both  countries. 

Coastwise  shipping  (cabotaje)  is  of 
great  importance  on  both  the  Mexican 
coasts,  particularly  on  the  Pacific.  A 
great  traffic  could  be  operated,  for  in- 
stance, from  the  two  small  ports  of 
San  Bias  and  Altata.  From  the  latter 
is  a  railroad  passing  the  famous  sugar 
refinery  at  Novolato,  center  of  a  great 
agricultural  region  and  within  a  few 
hours  of  Culiaean,  capital  of  Sinaloa. 


The  small  port  of  San  Bias  is  the  nat- 
ural outlet  for  materials  assembled  at 
Tepic,  capital  of  the  new  state  of 
Nayarit.  Products  such  as  rice,  to- 
bacco and  sugar  are  congested  at  these 
two  ports  and  must  await  transporta- 
tion by  small  boats  to  Mazatlan  or 
Manzanillo,  where  they  must  again  be 
overhauled  before  they  may  be  sent 
on  to  their  final  destination. 

This  congestion  of  merchandise 
leads  to  the  desirability  of  establish- 
ing a  coastwise  shipping  trade  that 
could  profitably  employ  one  hundred 
boats.  These  boats  could  make  all  the 
small  ports,  collect  the  goods  assem- 
bled and  deliver  them  to  the  large 
ports  to  be  shipped  away  by  the  big 
steamers  making  regular  stops  at  such 
places. 

Even  if  these  small  lines  did  not 
yield  tremendous  profits  to  the  share- 
holders at  first,  they  could  be  worked 
as  a  supplement  to  the  large  steam- 
ship lines  and  would  be  the  trade  sal- 
vation of  the  smaller  producers  who 
lack  the  facilities  afforded  by  near- 
ness to  the  larger  ports. 


Plumbing  Fixture  Industry 


By  H.  M.  FRIESLEY 
Manager  Export   Division   Pacific 
Sanitary  Manufacturing  Co. 

— o — 

MODERN  plumbing  fixtures  follow 
close  upon  the  heels  of  civiliza- 
tion and  prosperity.  You  will  find  the 
largest  percentage  of  sanitary  plumb- 
ing fixtures  installed  wherever  the 
peoples  are  most  highly  educated. 

Within  the  last  century  the  plumb- 
ing industry  of  the  United  States  has 
developed   its   production   from   crude, 

iperfect  designs  and  quality  to  pres- 

it  day  perfection.     Only  about  twen- 

-five  years  ago  was  the  art  of  enam- 
eling first  made  practical.  Today, 
dumbing    fixtures    as    large    as    bath 

ulis  are  enameled  in  one  place  and 
the  enamel  covers  both  the  inside  and 

le  outside. 

The  process  of  manufacture  of 
enameled  sanitary  ware  is  interesting. 

Afferent  types  of  pig  iron  are  melted 
large   cupolas   to    form   the    proper 

lixture  of  iron.  This  molten  iron  is 
then  run  out  and  poured  into  moulds 
i)f  the  various  types  of  fixtures.     The 

inulds  are  made  of  sand  packed 
around  the  pattern  which  is  a  dupli- 
cate of  the  fixture  to  be  made.  The 
Pattern  is  then  removed  from  the  sand, 


leaving  the  space  which  it  took  up  to 
be  filled  with  the  molten  iron  when 
poured  in,  thus  reproducing  the  fix- 
ture. In  modern  factories,  all  the  lift- 
ing, turning,  casting  and  carrying  of 
the  heavy  castings  is  done  by  auto- 
matic machines.  As  soon  as  the  cast- 
ing cools  it  is  taken  to  the  cleaning 
department. 

Metal   Is    Cleansed 
To  Keep  Dirt  Free 

A  strong  sandblast  is  played  upon 
it  to  cleanse  the  metal  until  the  cast- 
ing is  perfectly  free  from  all  dirt. 
The  mould  is  then  ground  to  an  even 
smoothness  under  an  abrasive  wheel, 
which  is  kept  whirling  at  a  tremend- 
ous rate.  When  this  process  is  com- 
plete the  surface  of  the  article  is 
smooth,  outside  as  well  as  inside,  and 
is  ready  for  the  enameling. 

The  enamel  itself  is  the  result  of 
many  years  of  experimenting  and  is 
composed  of  a  great  many  substances, 
a  few  of  which  are  feldspar,  fluspar, 
flint,  tin  oxide,  lead  oxide,  zinc  oxide, 
barium  carbonate  borax,  etc.  These 
ingredients  are  mixed  very  carefully 
in  proper  proportions  and  are  then 
melted  in  extremely  hot  furnaces.  As 
soon  as  the  mixture  is  melted,  it  is  al- 
lowed to  run  out  into  a  tank  of  cold 
water,  which  crystalizes  it.     It  is  then 


75 


ground  extremely  fine  and  has  the  ap- 
pearance of  flour. 

The  casting  to  be  enameled  is  placed 
in  an  enamel  furnace  which  is  kept 
day  and  night  at  a  temperature  of 
about  1,500  degrees.  When  the  cast- 
ings have  been  heated  to  a  lemon  col- 
ored heat,  they  are  pulled  out  and 
held  with  large  forks  while  this  enamel 
powder  is  sifted  on  them.  The  enamel 
thus  fused  with  the  hot  iron,  forms  a 
protecting  glaze  on  it.  .  It  is  again 
thrust  into  the  oven,  brought  out 
again  and  given  two  more  coats  of 
enamel,  and  after  being  thrust  into 
the  furnaces  for  the  fourth  time,  it  is 
finished  and  allowed  to  cool. 

There  are  various  grades  of  enam- 
eled ware,  some  being  very  thinly 
enameled,  and  correspondingly  cheap; 
others  are  finer  and  more  carefully 
made.  The  enamel  is  often  cheap- 
ened by  leaving  out  some  of  the  more 
expensive  ingredients  and  therefore 
loses  its  lustre. 

False    Economy 
In  Cheap  Ware 

My  experience  has  proven  that  it  is 
false  economy  to  manufacture  cheap 
ware.  By  employing  skilled  workmen 
and  by  careful  inspection  of  the  out- 
put, uniform  high  quality  can  be  main- 
tained and  cost  kept  within  reason. 

Enameled  iron  bath  tubs  are  su- 
perior to  bath  tubs  made  of  any  other 
material,  but  lavatories  and  some  other 
fixtures  made  of  vitreous  china  are  su- 
perior in  durability. 

Of  all  the  materials  used  for  sani- 
tary fixtures,  vitreous  china  is  gener- 
ally accepted  as  the  undisputed  leader 
for  fineness,  durability  and  satisfac- 
tion. Unfortunately,  however,  be- 
cause of  the  nature  of  the  material, 
vitreous  china  cannot  be  made  success- 
fully in  very  large  pieces.  Larger 
pieces  have  been  turned  out  but  are. 
liable  to  sag  and  warp  and  show  un- 
evenness  of  texture  which  cannot  be 
overcome. 

Vitreous  china  is,  without  exception, 
the  most  sanitary  material  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  table  china.  It  is 
strong,  durable,  impervious  all  the 
way  through,  and  of  exceedingly  close 
texture.  The  surface  is  highly  glazed 
and  is  pure  white,  and  with  reasonable 
care  will  last  indefinitely.  It  cannot 
be  stained  and  dirt  and  grease  do  not 
stick  to  its  surface.  Any  simple 
scouring  preparation  will  remove  all 
dirt  without  scratching.  As  the  sur- 
face is  part  of  the  body  of  the  ma- 
terial, there  is  no  danger  of  peeling. 
The  china  is  non-absorbent  all  the  way 
through,  while  the  danger  with  solid 
porcelain  ware  is  that  it  is  not  vitreous 
and  if  the  glazed  surface  is  cracked 
or  chipped,  the  clay  being  of  courser 
texture  and  absorbent,  it  becomes 
water-soaked  and  foul. 

All  vitreous  china  ware  is  made  en- 
tirely of  clay,  each  piece  being  hand- 
pressed  into  the  mould  while  the  clay 

(Continued  on  page  78) 


76 


Pan  Pacific 


TO  ATTRACT  TRADE  TO  LOS  ANGELES 


TO  attract  foreign  commerce 
through  the  Port  of  Los  Angeles, 
the  Harbor  Department  of  the  City  of 
Los  Angeles  has  adopted  a  rule  giving 
thirty  days  free  time  on  foreign  ex- 
ports; that  is,  the  wharfage  charge 
covers  all  storage  on  exports  up  to 
thirty  days. 

The  reason  for  this  rule  is  that  as 
much  as  thirty  days  is  sometimes 
necessary  to  bring  together  a  foreign 
cargo  of  8,000  or  10,000  tons.  Thus 
when  rail  shipments  come  from  the 
East,  they  can  be  unloaded  on  the 
dock  at  Los  Angeles  and  no  storage 
accrues  unless  it  is  more  than  thirty 
days  until  the  cargo  is  loaded  on  the 
ship.  If  cargo  is  on  the  wharf  more 
than  thirty  days,  a  storage  charge  of 
10  cents  per  ton  per  month  is  made. 

The  wharfage  charge  varies  from 
2y2  cents  a  ton  on  cement,  plaster, 
borax  and  similar  mineral  products, 
up  to  ten  cents  a  ton  on  general  mer- 
chandise. The  rate  on  flour,  salt,  su- 
gar, grain,  coffee  and  similar  products 
in  bags,  and  on  bolts,  nuts,  nails  and 
such  commodities  in  kegs,  is  five  cents 
a  ton.  These  are  the  rates  that  in- 
clude thirty  days'  free  storage. 

No  rent  is  charged  a  steamship  for 
a  berth  assignment,  but  only  a  dock- 
age charge  based  on  the  net  tonnage 
of  the  vessel.  This  charge  ranges  up 
to  $15.00  a  day  for  a  vessel  of  2,100 
net  tons,  and  one-half  cent  per  net  ton 
above  that  figure.  This  makes  the 
charge  against  the  steamship,  as  well 
as  against  the  cargo,  very  low. 

Labor  charges  likewise  are  very  rea- 
sonable, pilotage  is  the  lowest  of  any 
Pacific  Coast  port,  and  is  not  com- 
pulsory if  the  master  of  the  ship  can 
bring  his  own  vessel  into  port,  and 
water  is  furnished  at  17  cents  per 
thousand  gallons.  These  charges  make 
the  cost  of  doing  business  through  the 
Port  of  Los  Angeles  much  less  than 
through  some  of  the  so-called  "free 
ports." 


Represented  in  Australia 

WITHIN  a  few  weeks  Southern 
California  exporters,  the  Los 
Angeles  Chamber  of  Commerce,  har- 
bor commission  and  city  will  have  di- 
rect representation  in  Australia.  Al- 
bert Goldie,  an  Australian  by  birth, 
now  is  somewhere  on  the  Pacific 
Ocean,  bound  for  his  native  land,  bear- 
ing letters  from  the  chamber,  scores 
of  samples  of  Southern  California 
products  and  plans  for  an  extensive 
trade  campaign  throughout  Australia. 
His  headquarters  will  be  in  Sydney. 

For  his  lecture  work  before  cham- 
bers of  commerce  and  similar  organ- 
izations,    the    Los    Angeles    chamber 


equipped  him  with  numerous  slides  of 
Southern  Californian  scenes  and  more 
than  1,000  feet  of  motion  picture  film. 
Mr.  Goldie  is  thoroughly  familiar 
with  Southern  California  and  its  in- 
stitutions. He  came  here  from  Aus- 
tralia more  than  two  years  ago  and 
previously  had  traveled  in  all  parts  of 
the  United  States.  He  is  intimately 
acquainted  not  only  with  Australia 
and  New  Zealand,  but  throughout  the 
South  Sea  Islands,  India  and  China. 
*       *       * 

Port  of  Los  Angeles  Chart 

SOME  confusion  has  resulted  be- 
cause of  charts  which  appeared 
recently,  establishing  official  rates  for 
ports  of  the  Pacific.  In  this  chart  Los 
Angeles  appears  under  "Class  A"  and 
still  another  classification  "C,"  in- 
cludes as  its  first  entry  "Port  Los  An- 
geles." 

This  latter  is  a  fishermen's  entry 
near  Santa  Monica  and  has  survived 
the  old  days  when  Santa  Monica  and 


San  Pedro  were  fighting  for  the  main 
Pacific  outlet.  Now  that  Los  Angeles 
has  come  to  rate  with  San  Francisco 
and  Seattle  in  Pacific  Coast  schedules, 
steamship  companies,  in  printing  their 
regular  tariffs  for  general  distribution, 
give  the  community  rates  that  apply 
from  San  Francisco,  Seattle,  Los  An- 
geles, etc. 

In  order  that  there  may  be  no  mis- 
understanding and  that  rates  so  called 
from  Los  Angeles  should  be  on  a  basis 
f.  o.  b.  docks,  it  is  felt  necessary  to 
specify  this  in  some  such  notation  as 
"Port  Los  Angeles"  or  "Los  Angeles 
Harbor."  In  choosing  the  former  ap- 
pellation, steamship  companies  run 
against  a  snag  in  the  other  location 
near  Santa  Monica. 

To  simplify  matters  an  effort  is  be- 
ing made  to  have  "Port  Los  Angeles" 
struck  from  the  records  and  charts  as 
an  obsolete  term,  so  that  when  Los 
Angeles  harbor  is  mentioned,  or  the 
Port  of  Los  Angeles,  it  will  be  under- 
stood that  they  are  one  and  the  same. 


To  Develop  Los  Angeles  Harbor 


A  PROGRAM  of  construction  de- 
signed to  bring  Los  Angeles 
Harbor  to  complete  and  highest  effi- 
ciency was  made  possible  when  the 
bond  issue  for  $4,500,000  was  author- 
ized by  the  voters  May  6.  In  author- 
izing this  expenditure,  the  city  of  Los 
Angeles  is  carrying  out  its  pledge, 
made  years  ago,  to  expend  $10,000,000 
in  harbor  development. 

This  action  on  the  part  of  the  city 
means  that  a  total  expenditure  of  ap- 
proximately $7,000,000  will  be  made, 
as  there  now  is  available  government 
appropriations  totaling  more  than  $2,- 
200,000.  More  than  $1,000,000  is  avail- 
able for  diversion  of  flood  waters  and 
almost  an  equal  amount  for  the  widen- 
ing of  the  channel,  dredging  the  chan- 
nel to  Long  Beach  and  similar  work 
coming  under  government  jurisdiction. 

Coincident  with  the  voting  of  these 
millions  for  improvement  was  the  be- 
ginning of  actual  construction  on  a 
10,000-ton  dry  dock,  which  is  being 
built  by  the  Los  Angeles  Shipbuilding 
&  Dry  Dock  Co.  This  will  represent 
an  investment  of  more  than  $1,000,000, 
all  of  which  represents  private  capital. 
Government  aid  had  no  part  in  this 
enterprise. 

While  the  $4,500,000  voted  by  the 
city  will  be  expended  in  equipping  the 
harbor  so  that  it  may  compete  success- 
fully with  any  port  on  the  Pacific,  this 
sum  really  represents  an  investment 
on  the  part  of  the  city  that  promises 
excellent    returns.      Included    in    the 


plans  for  development  is  reclamation 
of  some  800  acres  of  tide  lands. 

If  this  reclaimed  acreage  proves 
equal  in  value' to  other  land  that  has 
been  reclaimed  at  the  harbor,  it  will 
be  worth  more  than  the  entire  bond 
issue.  The  reclaimed  land  known  as 
Fish  Harbor,  now  filled  with  canneries, 
is  bringing  the  city  a  rental  of  $1,350 
yearly  for  each  acre.  The  estimated 
values  of  the  reclaimed  land  ranges 
from  $10,000  to  $26,000  an  acre. 

Former  waste  stretches  are  being 
converted  into  avenues  of  deep  water 
and  solid  land  bordering  it,  making 
ideal  sites  for  manufacturing  estab- 
lishments having  to  do  with  overseas 
trade. 

One  of  the  most  important  improve- 
ments to  be  made  will  be  the  widening 
of  the  main  channel  from  500  to  1,000 
feet.  The  government  has  made  lib- 
eral appropriation  for  this  piece  of 
work  and  all  of  the  preliminary  ar- 
rangements, including  rights  of  way, 
have  been  made,  so  that  actual  dredg- 
ing may  begin  at  once. 

Other  items  in  the  harbor  budget  in-  J 
elude  adequate  coal  bunkers  and  load- 
ing facilities,  storage  tanks  for  vegeta- 
ble oil,  equipment  for  handling  the 
cotton  business  that  naturally  should 
be  handled  through  this  port,  com- 
pleting construction  of  a  direct  high- 
way, the  widening  of  the  harbor,  the 
extension  of  municipal  wharves  and 
the  increasing  of  the  mechanical 
equipment  on  water  and  land. 


June    1919 


77 


AFTER  FOREIGN  TRADE 


THE  PORT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

Offers  the  best  port  facilities  and   the   lowest   port  charges  of  any  port  on  the  Pacific  Coast — 
possibly  in   America — both   to   shippers   and   steamship  companies. 

NO  RENT  whatever  is  charged  to  steamships  for  preferential  berth  assignments  at  Los 
Angeles  Municipal  Piers.  Only  a  dockage  charge  is  made  against  the  ship,  and  this  is  very  low, 
— $15.00  a  day  for  a  ship  of  2,100  net  tons,  and  one-half  cent  per  net  ton  above  that  figure. 
Thus  a  ship  of  3,000  net  tons,  five  days  at  the  wharf,  would  pay  a  total  of  $97.50 — and  this 
would  be  the  only  charge  against  the  ship.      It  would  pay  no  rent  whatever. 

THE  CARGO  pays  a  wharfage  charge  varying  from  2  Yl  cents  to  1  0  cents  a  ton,  de- 
pending upon  the  commodity,  BUT  THIS  INCLUDES  THIRTY  DAYS  FREE  STORAGE  ON 
FOREIGN  EXPORTS.  In  other  words,  a  ship  has  30  days  time  to  accumulate  a  foreign 
cargo,  without  storage  charges.  The  cargo  pays  wharfage  at  rates  varying  from  2  Yl  to  10 
cents  a  ton,  and  the  ship  pays  a  small  dockage  only  for  the  time  it  is  actually  at  the  wharf. 


(!) 

"Si. 


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I 


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l 


PORT  FACILITIES 


There  are  no  finer  wharves  and  wharf  sheds  in  America  than  the  municipal  harbor  facili- 
ties provided  by  the  City  of  Los  Angeles.  There  is  no  bar  to  cross  at  the  harbor  entrance — 
the  water  is  48  feet  deep  at  low  tide  at  the  entrance — and  the  depth  at  the  piers  varies  from  29 
to  35   feet  at  low  tide. 

The  local  business  of  the  Port  is  growing  very  rapidly,  as  Los  Angeles,  with  a  popula- 
tion of  650,000 — the  largest  city  on  the  Pacific  Coast — is  going  after  water  commerce.  Los 
Angeles  also  is  the  logical  port  for  the  transshipment  of  transcontinental  cargoes. 

The  City  of  Los  Angeles  also  is  prepared  to  lease  lands  for  industries  which  need 
waterfront  locations. 


For  further  particulars  address 


THE  BOARD  OF  HARBOR  COMMISSIONERS 

SUITE  33,  CITY  HALL,  LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 


78 


Pan   Pacific 


Plumbing  Fixture  Industry 


(Continued   from   page  75) 

is  wet  and  soft.  The  piece  is  then  al- 
lowed to  dry  in  ordinary  atmosphere 
for  ahout  ten  days,  after  which  it  is 
burned  in  large  kilns  for  a  period  of 
eight  days.  During  this  burning  the 
temperature  reached  is  a's  high  as  2800 
degrees.  The  piece  is  carefully  in- 
spected for  fire  cracks,  or  any  other 
defects  and  is  then  dipped  in  liquid 
glaze.  It  is  again  allowed  to  dry  for 
several  days  in  an  artificially  heated 
room  and  is  placed  in  the  kiln  for  a 
second  burning,  which  takes  six  days 
more  and  during  which  the  tempera- 
ture reached  is  about  2200  degrees. 

It  is  evident  from  this  that  while  a 
piece  of  enameled  iron  ware  may  be 
turned  out  completely  from  the  raw 
pig  iron  to  the  finished  product  in 
forty-eight  hours,  it  ordinarily  takes 
at  least  five  weeks  to  manufacture  a 
piece  of  vitreous  china. 

The  ideal  bath  room  arrangement, 
based  upon  the  experience  of  success- 
ful architects  and  plumbing  contrac- 
tors, seems  to  be  an  enameled  bath 
tub  and  a  vitreous  china  lavatory  and 
closet. 

The  proper  crating  of  plumbing  fix- 
tures for  export  results  in  a  large  sav- 
ing of  ocean  freight  rates.     Note  the 


BATH    TUB    PACKED   FOR   SHIPMENT 

attached  illustration  of  the  Francisco 
bath  tub,  which  was  so  designed  that 
the  tubs  can  be  nested  together,  there- 
by saving  space  and  weight. 

Freight  costs  limit  the  field  of  each 
manufacturer.  While  trans-continental 


PACKING    FOR   SHIPMENT 


freight  rates  make  it  practically  im- 
possible for  eastern  manufacturers  to 
compete  for  Pacific  Ocean  trade,  these 
freight  rates  shut  out  coast  manufac- 
turers from  the  eastern  half  of  the 
United  States. 

My  travels  through  the  Orient  have 
demonstrated  to  me  how  necessary  it 
is  for  American  manufacturers  to  have 
first  hand  information  from  their  mar- 
ket. Before  my  first  trip,  we  did  not 
manufacture  any  of  the  special  types 
which  we  are  now  supplying  for  that 
market.  Each  nation  has  become  ac- 
customed to  certain  types  of  plumbing 
fixtures  and  these  types  must  be  sup- 
plied to  that  particular  country,  al- 
though they  are  gradually  being  edu- 
cated to  the  use  of  the  American  types. 

The  American  plumbing  fixtures 
manufacturers  are  producing  the 
world 's    highest    quality    of    fixtures ; 


and  by  their  policy  of  quantity  manu- 
facture of  quality  plumbing  fixtures 
are  able  to  sell  at  fair  prices.  The 
enormous  investment  required  before 
an  organization  can  enter  this  busi- 
ness has  limited  the  number  of  firms 
in  this  business  to  some  seven  Amer- 
ican large  firms  who  supply  the 
greater  part  of  the  world's  plumbing 
fixtures. 

American  plumbing  fixtures  are  dis- 
tinguished by  their  consistent  high 
quality  which  is  due  to  rigid  factory 
inspection  and  to  the  employment  of 
only  skilled,  well-paid  workmen.  The 
labor  problem  is  one  of  the  most  diffi- 
cult to  solve  in  the  plumbing  industry 
for  men  have  to  really  grow  up  in  the 
pottery  industry  to  be  able  to  work 
on  the  more  difficult  designs.  It  seems 
to  be  one  of  those  arts  which  is  handed 
down  from  father  to  son. 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


SOERABAIA — A  firm  in  Soerabaia  exporting  all 
kinds  of  vegetable  oils,  teak,  hard  and  wild 
wood,  and  several  other  East  Indian  products, 
and  exporting  building  materials,  etc.,  would 
like  connections  with  the  Dutch  East  Indies. 
Address   Box  607,   Pan   Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO— A  San  Francisco  firm  ex- 
porting new  and  used  steam  tested  and  guar- 
anteed pipe  and  light  screw  casing,  boiler 
tubes,  valves  and  fittings,  desires  connections 
with  all  countries  on  the  Pacific  Ocean.  Ad- 
dress Box  608,  Pan  Pacific. 

SEATTLE — A  firm  in  Seattle,  Washington,  im- 
porting copra,  hides,  rice,  vegetable  oil,  pea- 
nuts, fertilizer,  matches  and  hemp,  coffee,  tea, 
rubber,  etc.,  and  exporting  nails,  railway  sup- 
plies, steel  goods,  box  strapping,  nail-less  box 
strapping,  lumber  and  heavy  machinery,  etc., 
would  like  connections  in  China  and  Siberia  or 
elsewhere.     Address  Box  609,  Pan  Pacific. 

BURMA — A  firm  in  Rangoon,  Burma,  importing 
steel,  hardware,  beer,  old  newspapers,  olive 
oil,  currants,  and  exporting  hides,  tobacco  leaf, 
shellac,  gunnybags,  cutch,  cocoanut  oil,  ground 
nut  cake,  beans,  rice,  desires  connections  with 
American  importers  and  exporters.  Address 
Box  611,  Pan  Pacific. 

HONG  KONG — A  firm  in  Hong  Kong  importing 


piece  goods,  sundries  of  all  kinds,  machinery, 
marine  motors — electrical,  and  exporting  ramie 
fibre,  wolframite,  molybdenite,  tin  ore,  lead 
ore,  buffalo  and  cow  hides,  peanut  oil,  split 
bamboo,  embroideries  and  filet  laces,  would 
like  connections  with  buyers  of  filet  laces  and 
crochet  laces.     Address  Box  613,  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO— A  San  Francisco  firm  ex- 
porting writing  ink,  stamping  inks,  paste,  mu- 
cilage, typewriter  ribbons,  carbon  papers,  de- 
sires connections  in  the  Orient,  Australia  and 
South  America.   Address  Box  614,   Pan  Pacific. 

JAPAN — A  Japanese  firm  importing  works  of 
art,  and  exporting  Japanese  old  and  new  pic- 
tures, picture  cards,  small  wares,  books,  curios, 
Japanese  pens  (made  of  bamboo  and  hair), 
works  of  art  and  Japanese  groceries,  etc., 
would  like  connections  throughout  the  world. 
Address  Box  615,  Pan  Pacific. 

JAPAN — A  firm  in  Seoul  who  are  general  im- 
porters are  in  the  market  for  cotton  piece 
goods,  dyes  and  general  sundries.  Address 
Box  L-502,  Pan  Pacific. 

PANAMA — An  importer  of  books,  stationery, 
art  pictures,  post  cards,  etc.,  in  Colon,  desires 
to  get  in  touch  with  manufacturers  of  dee- 
orated  mounted  cardboard  mats  for  photo- 
graphs and  post  card  albums  of  morocco  cloth. 
Address  L-501,  Pan  Pacific. 


June    / 9 f 9 


79 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Sansome  St., 
San  Francisco,  California,  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
il rials  from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

WORLEY-MARTIN  COMPANY,  617  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Wool, 
hides,  tallow,  oils  and  Oriental  products.  Hard- 
ware and  steel  products,  drugs  and  specialties. 
Represented  in  China  and  Japan.  Desires  lines 
to  introduce.     Cable  address  "WORLEY." 

LANSING  COMPANY,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Manufacturers  of  electrical  trucks,  trail- 
ers, concrete  machinery,  gas  engines,  hoists, 
hand  carts,  wheels,  casters,  etc.  Export  trade 
a   specialty.     Cable    address    "QUOLANSING." 

JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc.,  1053  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Foreign  orders  promptly 
and  carefully  executed.  General  hardware, 
household  goods,  tools,  sporting  goods,  paints, 
oils,  varnishes.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
Catalogs  on  request. 

CONNELL  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  L.  C. 
SMITH  Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  General 
Importers  and  exporters.  Represented  at  Shang- 
hai, Manila,  Hong  Kong  and  Singapore.  Corre- 
spondence in  all  languages.  Cable  address 
"CONNELL." 

ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING 1  (X)MPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters and  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  enamel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
Bod  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
-   "AMICO." 


itood 
RO' 


;OTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana. Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
foods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
ana   machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 

B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
eisro,  California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address   "HEASTAND." 

J.  AROX  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall  St.,  New 
York  City.  Branches  at  San  Francisco,  New 
nl.ans,  Chicago,  London,  England  and  Santos, 
Brazil.  General  exporters  and  importers.  Cor- 
respondence solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable 
address   "ARONCO." 


BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 

ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and  samples 
of  paper  for  export.  Represented  at  Yokohama 
and  Shanghai.  Cable  address  "ZELLERBACH." 
All  codes. 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  and  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress,  "VINMAR." 

SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 

MACDONALD  &  COMPANY,  454  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Branches  at 
Vancouver.  B.  C,  and  New  York  City.  Import- 
ers, exporters  and  tea  experts.  Export  steel 
and  steel  products,  machinery,  chemicals,  li- 
quors, etc.  Import  drugs,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts and  raw  materials.  Connections  desired. 
Cable   address    "MACDONALD." 

SCOTT,  SUGDEN  &  DAMOT,  Monadnock 
Building,  San  Francisco,  California.  Foreign 
and  domestic  merchants.  Steel  and  iron  and 
manufactured  products.  Marine  hardware  and 
supplies.  Quotations  furnished  on  request. 
Cable  address  "WALTERSCOT." 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 

ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY',  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.   • 

NATIONAL  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  519  Cal- 
ifornia St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Importers 
and  exporters  of  foods,  spices,  canned  goods, 
etc.  Will  grant  exclusive  agencies.  Correspon- 
dence invited. 


LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS.  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence inviled.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 


VICTOR  PATRON,  112  Market  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan,  Mexico. 
Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and  export 
representative.  Prices  and  catalogues  furnished 
on  application. 

ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable    address    "ARNOTT." 


PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Importers,  exporters,  manu- 
facturers' agents,  purchasing  agents.  All  codes. 
Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 


ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Shoes,  rubbers,  tennis 
and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds;  all  styles.  Bentley 
Code  used. 


DOLLIVER  &  BROTHER,  619  Mission  St., 
California.  Leather  for  shoes,  willow,  calf,  tan 
box,  royal,  vici,  etc.  Machinery,  nails,  eyelets, 
ink,  shoemakers'  supplies;  elastic  webbing. 
Fifty  years  of  service. 

MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

P.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address    "BEAVER." 

THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 

ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 


80 


Pan   Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CQ." 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export;  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


INTERSTATE  PATTERN  WORKS,  Foot  of 
13th  St.,  Vancouver,  Washington.  Makers  of 
patterns  for  all  kinds  of  metal  castings.  Quota- 
tions on  iron  and  brass  castings  furnished  on 
application.     All  languages. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leather 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

DILL-CROSETT,  Inc.,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Exporters  of  steel  products,  acids,  rosin, 
chemicals,  dye  stuff,  phenol,  etc.  Importers  of 
fish  oil,  hides,  coffee,  coconut  oil,  beans,  copra, 
castor  oil,  tallow,  silks,  etc.  Branch  offices: 
New  York,  Kobe,  Japan  and  Sydney,  Australia. 
All  languages  and  codes  used. 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  ana 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 


MILL  &  MINE  SUPPLY  COMPANY,  Seattle, 
Washington.  Iron,  bolts,  chain,  axes,  belting, 
logging  tools,  steel,  nuts,  waste,  saws,  pulleys. 
Cable  address  "MILESMINE."  Export  orders 
solicited. 


CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 


GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 


JAMES  P.  DWAN,  Hearst  Building,  San 
P'rancisco,  Cal.  Exporter  and  Importer.  Gen- 
eral purchasing  agent  for  foreign  buyers.  Build- 
ing materials,  machinery,  ores,  metals,  oils. 
Foreign  office,  Missions  Building,  The  Bund, 
Canton,   China.     Cable   address  DWAN. 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY,  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 


OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 


BRADY  &  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith  Building, 
Seattle,  Washington.  Shipping  and  Commis- 
sion. Importers  and  Exporters  salmon,  oils, 
steel,   lumber,    fertilizer.     Established   1892. 


SHIPBUILDERS  MACHINERY  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  201  Maynard  Building,  Seattle,  Washing- 
ton. Manufacturers  of  Ship  Plate  tightener; 
scarphing  machines,  motor  driven  machines,  etc. 
Export  orders  solicited. 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 


THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 


HERBERT  T.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnois. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX,55   Defiance,   Ohio. 


PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY,  67  New  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporters  of  bath-tubs,  toil- 
ets, lavatories,  sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing 
fixtures,  etc.  Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of 
export  orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf,  skins, 
glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery  leather,  etc. 
Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 


BLAKE,  MOFFITT  &  TOWNE,  37-45  First 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Paper  of  all  de- 
scriptions. A  complete  line  carried  in  stock  for 
export  or  domestic  trade.  Special  papers  made 
to  order.  Quotations  and  samples  cheerfully 
submitted. 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address   CHENRYINC. 


PACIFIC  AMERICAN  TRADING  COMPANY, 
112  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Im- 
ports and  exports.  Tea,  coffees,  copra,  sago, 
beans,  peanuts,  coconut  oil,  etc.  Exports  hard- 
ware machinery,  tools,  metals  and  metal  prod- 
ucts, chemicals,  dye  stuffs,  stationery,  office 
supplies,  dry  goods,  groceries,  food  stuffs, 
paints,  etc.  All  codes.  Cable  address  "EN- 
ERGY." 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 


AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM 
PANY,  Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 


ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St..  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  O,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 


EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 

PURNELL  &  PAGETT,  Canton,  China.  Ar- 
chitects and  civil  engineers.  Investigations,  in- 
spections and  valuations.  Bridges,  steel  con- 
struction, wharves  and  docks.  Cable  address 
PANEL.     W.  U.  Code  and  A.  B.  C. 

F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.     Offices  at  Vancouver, 

B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.     Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.     Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 

C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 


AEROTHRUST  ENGINE  COMPANY,  La 
Porte,  Indiana.  Manufacturers  and  exporters 
of  the  Aerothrust  Engine  for  pumping  machin- 
ery, lighting  plants,  agricultural  implements, 
pumping  jacks.  Outboard  Motors,  etc.  Corre- 
spondence solicited  in  all  languages.  All  codes. 
Foreign  orders  our  specialty. 


KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 


CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Haas  Building,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.     All   languages. 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 


D.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 


INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and.  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose'  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


June    19  19 


81 


MARINE  SECTION 


The  following  marine  insurance  companies,  surveyors,  brokers  and  adjusters  are  reliable  and  of  good  standing. 
This  publication  believes  that  all  dealings  had  with  these  concerns  will  prove  satisfactory  in  every  particular. 


MARINE  INSURANCE 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

Aetna    Insurance  Company. 

Atlantic  Mutal  Insurance  Company. 

Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Company. 

Fireman's   Fund   Insurance   Company. 

Home  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co.   of  Calif. 

Liverpool  &   London  &  Globe  Insurance  Co. 

H.   M.   Newhall  &  Company. 


MARINE  SURVEYORS 


(San    Francisco,   Cal.) 


Ernest   Bent 
L.   Curtis 
James   F.   Fowler 
W.  F.  Mills 


W.   J.  Murray 
John   Rinder 
J.   Seale  &  Company 
Frank  Walker 


Thomas  Wallace 


SHIP,  CUSTOM  AND 
FREIGHT  BROKERS 

(San   Francisco,  Cal.) 

C.  Beyful  &  Company 

H.   D.   Bowly 

W.  J.  Byrnes 

Brady   &  Co. 

C.  D.   Bunker  &   Company. 

John  W.   Chapman 

Frank  P.  Dow 

Davies,  Turner  &  Company 

F.   F.  G.  Harper  &  Company 

Frederic  Henry 

Fred  Holmes  &  Son. 

Henry  Kirchmann,  Jr. 

Bernard   Judae  Company 

[  FOREIGN 

JAPAN 

Andrews  &  George  Co.,  Inc Tokio 

Aki   &   Company Osaka 

Abe    Kobei    Yokohama 

Masuda  &   Company  Yokohama 

Murato  &  Umtanni  Kobe 

Nosawa  &  Company  Tokio 

Samuel  Samuel  &  Co.,  Ltd Tokio 

Yonei    Shoten   Tokio 

PHILIPPINE    ISLANDS 

Parsons  Hardware  Co.,  Inc Manila 

W.  F.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Ltd Manila 

Warner,    Barnes  &    Co.,   Ltd Manila 


Kincaid   Shipping  Company. 

Martins-Gardens  Company. 

E.  Griffin  &  Co. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Page  Brothers. 

George  W.   Reed   &   Company. 

W.  S.   Scammel  &  Company. 

VV.  B.  Thornley. 


(Portland,  Oregon) 

Else  Shipping  Company. 
C.   V.   Ericesson  &  Company. 
Taylor  &  Young  Company. 
Tegen  &  Main. 

(Seattle,    Washington) 
Frank  P.  Dow  Company,  Inc. 
Fankner,  Currie  &  Company,  Inc. 


MARINE  ADJUSTERS 

When  in  need  of  the  services  of  reliable  ma- 
rine adjusters,  exporters  and  importers  will  find 
it  to  their  advantage  to  consult  any  of  the  con- 
cerns listed  below. 


(San    Francisco,   California.) 


Creditors'   Adjustment   Company. 
Dodwell  &  Company. 
Insurance  Company  of  North  America. 
London  &  Lancashire  Fire  Insurance  Co. 
H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 
Pacific   Coast   Adjusting  Bureau. 
Springfield   Fire  &  Marine   Insurance  Co. 
Union  Marine  Insurance  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 

(Seattle,   Washington) 

Dodwell  &  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 


STEAMSHIP  LINES 

OPERATING  IN 

THE  PACIFIC 

(San  Francisco,  California) 

CHINA    MAIL    STEAMSHIP    COMPANY 

San   Francisco   to   the  Orient. 
OCEANIC   STEAMSHIP   COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  Sydney,  Australia. 
ROBERT   DOLLAR   COMPANY 

Oriental  Trade. 
EAST   ASIATIC   COMPANY,   LTD. 

Oriental  Trade. 
W.   R.   GRACE  &  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports  and  Orient. 
GULF  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Central  &   South   American  Ports. 
PACIFIC  MAIL   STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Mexico,    South   America  and    Orient. 
CHARLES   NELSON   COMPANY 

Hawaiian  Islands. 
A.  F.  THANE  &  COMPANY 

Australia. 
TOYO  KISEN  KAISHA 

San  Francisco  and  Orient. 
JAVA  -CHINA- JAPAN-LI  JN 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

San  Francisco  to  Netherland  East  Indies. 
JOHNSON  LINE 

San   Francisco  to   Scandinavian  Ports. 
MERCHANTS  LINE 

Pacific,   Atlantic  &  South  America. 
OCEAN  TRANSPORT  COMPANY,  LTD. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 
TRANS-OCEANIC   CO. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

(Oregon   and    Washington) 
PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
OSAKA  SHOSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
SEATTLE  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY  » 

Seattle  to  Australia  and   South  Africa. 


IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 


CHINA 

Andersen,   Meyer  &  Co.,  Ltd. Shanghai 

J.   M.   Alver  &  Company Hong  Kong 

Dodwell  &  Company  Shanghai 

Okura  &   Co.,   Ltd Shanghai 

Shewan,  Tonmes  &  Co Hong  Kong 

Harry  Wicking  &  Company  Hong  Kong 

STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 

Central   Engine  Works,   Ltd Singapore 

Katz  Brothers,   Ltd Penang,   S.   S. 

Patterson,  Simons  &  Co.,  Ltd Penang,  S.  S. 

Straist   Industrial   Syndicate Singapore 


AUSTRALIA 

Brown   &   Dureau,   Ltd Perth 

Capron,   Carter  &  Co.,  Ltd Sydney 

Essex  R.   Picot  Sydney 

Eliza   Tinsley    Melbourne 

A.  H.  &  A.  E.  Humphries Melbourne 

A.   Goninan  &   Co.,  Ltd New  Castle 

James  Hardie  &  Company Sydney 

Turnbull  &  Niblett  Sydney 

NEW    ZEALAND 

W.  H.  Long  &  Company Wellington 

F.  W.   Markham   Wellington 

Herbert  G.  Teagle,  Ltd Wellington 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING   MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph   Company. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES 

W.   R.   Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

Wells-Fargo   Nevada   National   Bank. 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 

Sumitoma  Bank. 
BATH-TUBS 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 
BLANKETS,  QUILTS,  Etc. 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
BOILERS.   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific   Marine   Iron   Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

InRiim-Rutledge   Company. 

Edward   Barry  Company. 

m  n  its 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman   Brothers  Company. 

I :<>ners  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl   Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND   COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 

('.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

'ames  P.   Dwan 


I 


CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CANNED  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

National   Products   Company. 

F.   E.   Booth   Company. 

Western  Canning  Co. 

CANS,   CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES,   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Interstate  Pattern  Works. 

Harron,   Rickard   &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The   Arlington   Company. 
CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 

B.  F.   Heastand. 

Associated  Mfgs.  Importing  Co. 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific   American   Trading  Co. 
CONCRETE  MACHINERY 

Lansing  Company. 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 


COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mrgs.  Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
DRESS  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ELECTRIC    TRUCKS 

Lansing   Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 


82 


Pan  Pacific 


Merchandise  Advertised — Continued 


FERTILIZERS 

Brady  &  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
FOOD  PRODUCTS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman   Brothers   Company. 

W.   R.   Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

F.   E.   Booth  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

Chas.  A.  Bacon. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Brady  &   Company. 
GAS  ENGINES 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Company. 

Lansing  Company. 

Arnott  &  Company. 

Aerothnist   Engine   Company. 
GLASSWARE 

B.  F.   Heastand. 
GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 
GROCERIES 

Pacilc  American  Trading  Co. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 
HARDWARE 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
HOUSEHOLD  GOODS 
Joost  Brothers,  Ins. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 
James  P.  Dwan. 
Purnell  &  Pagett. 
LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 
Dolliver  &  Brother. 
Kullman,   Salz  &  Company. 
A.  J.  &  J.  R.  Cook. 
LIGHTING  PLANTS 

Aerothrust   Engine  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seatle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
Clyde  Equipment  Company. 
James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 
Topping  Brothers. 
Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
Scott,  Sugden  &  Lamont. 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
Shipbuilders  Machinery  Co. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 
W.  R.   Grace  &  Company. 
Connell  Brothers  Company. 
J.  Aron  &  Company. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 
Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 
H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 
Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.   Company. 
Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
OILS 
Worley-Martin  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 
James  P.  Dwan. 
F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
Brady  &  Co. 
ORIENTAL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
OUTBOARD  MOTORS 
Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 


PAINTS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Zellerbach  Paper  Company. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

Blake,   Moffitt  &   Towne. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER  &   MATERIALS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
PUMPING  ENGINES 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
RAILROAD   SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
RAW  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

A.  O.  Anderseli  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 
RICE 

F.   Griffin   &  Co. 
ROOFING 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin   Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOE  MAKING  MACHINERY 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 
SPORTING  GOODS. 

Joost   Brothers,   Inc. 


SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Scott,  Sugden  &  Lamont. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.    C.    Rulofson    Company. 

Interstate  Pattern  Works. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TALLOW 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
TANKS,  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 
TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
TEXTILE   MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.    Dinkelspiel   Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board  Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZED  FIBRE 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 
WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board  Companies. 
WHEELS,   CASTERS,   Etc. 

Lansing  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
WOOD 

Worley-Martin  Company. 


^£  filtll^itTlsiilllJiriiiitriJliaillrillllltliiiiiiiiiir*iiiitiiicii4ltlljrilirrtiirillir(ijiii4iriiiiii)Jili3iiilliriijitlirrlliillJltniriliitTiiiri«iitiiirijiiiiirliiiiiiirriiiitiiriiijiiiiiiiiiitiiiriliriiiiiLi]]iiii4tiiijtlllirlciliitr[cll  is 

The  I 

Crocker  National  Bank 
of  San  Francisco 

UNITED  STATES  DEPOSITARY 

Capital,  Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits,  Over  $6,000,000.00 

m       (Trade,  Exchange        1 

Foreign  M°ney^ and 

&    ( Credit  Information 


Cable  Address:  "CROCKWOOL" 


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June    19  19 


8a 


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Zellerbach  Paper  Company 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

has  established  an 

EXPORT  DEPARTMENT 

Under  the  Direction  of  Harold  L.  Zellerbach 

and  is  prepared  to  make  quotations  and  furnish  samples  on  orders  for 
export  shipment. 

Cable  Address— "Zellerbach" 


e    A.  B.  C,  5th  Edition 


Codes 
Bentley's 


Western  Union— Lieberf 


KNAPP  &  BAXTER,  Agents 


Yokohama  and  Shanghai 


C.  HENRY  SMITH 

MAIN  OFFICE: 

311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT    AND    IMPORT 

All   Codes.     Code  Address:  CHENRYINC 


"iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiniimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiliiiiiiiiiiin;.        rimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMlllllllMlliiiiiliii iiillliiillliliiniil iiiiiimiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiimiimiiiniiii iiMiiiiiiiiimi,- 

dimiiimimiinmiiii iiiilillllliiiilllllllilllllllllillllliilinili i iiiiiiiiiillllllllllllllllllliiiliiillilllliiiiimilllllllllllllllllliiiililg         iuiiii niililllllllii MM iiiniiiiiiiiii iiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiii iiliiiililllillllililillliiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiniii 


Puget   Sound  Tug  Boat  Company  | 

Incorporated  1891 


Pacific    American    Trading    Co. 

112  Market  St.,  San  Francisco 

Branch  Offices,  Soerabaia,  Java,  D.  E.  I.;    Shid- 
zuoka,  Japan.      Bank    References    Exchanged. 


Washington's  Pioneer  Towing 
Company 


1    IMPORTS— 

Tea,  Coffees,  Spices,  Copra,  Sago,  Tapioca,  Kapok,  Beans, 
Peanuts,  Walnuts,  Australian,  Copal  and  Damar  Gums, 
Cocoanut  Oil,  Wood  Oil,  Egg  Yolk  and  Albumen. 

|    EXPORTS— 

Hardware,  Machinery,  Tools,  Metals  and  Metal  Products,     | 
Chemicals,  Drugs,  Medical  Goods,  Saccharin,  Dye  Stuffs;     § 
Household  Supplies;  Builders'  and  Mill  Supplies;  Motor 
Vehicles    and    Supplies;    Paper    Stock,    Stationery    and     § 
Office  Supplies;  Dry  Goods,  Hosiery,  Textiles;  Groceries, 
Canned  Foods,  Provisions,  Paints,  Oil  Leather,  California 
Beverages. 

Cable  Address,  "Energy."     All  Codes. 

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Cable  Address:  TUG 


SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON     I 

ii 


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UNION  OIL  COMPANY 


OF  CALIFORNIA 


PRODUCERS,  REFINERS 

and 

EXPORTERS 


OF 


PETROLEUM  and  its  PRODUCTS 

Gasoline,  Distillate,  Kerosene        Lubricating  Oils  and  Greases 

Paving  and  Roofing  Asphalt 


Quotations  Submitted  Upon  Request 


OFFICES:  MILLS  BUILDING 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


Cable  Address:  '  PETROLEUM" 


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84 


Pan  Pacific 


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CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pies. 


GEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Stcietary 


J.  E.  PETERS.  Vice-Pies. 

SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 

The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men"s,  Women's  and  (  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will   Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A.  Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 


-iiimiiiiMUMiiMiininniimiiiiiiiiiMimiiiiMniiiiMiiiiMimiiiMimiimiim 

i'lHimnUHHWI it 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  i  ]  j  i  n  m  1 1  m  1 1  u  i  r  i  n  1 1  n  1 1  r  1 1  j  i  n  i  d  1 1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1 1  r i  r  1 1 iiiiiimiiiiim iiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiii'         ^  m  j  r  m  i  j  r  f  1 1  j  r  c  u  i  [  1 1  j  j  r j  j  r  1 1 1 1  n  i  j  1 1  m  ;  t  n  f  r  m  1 1  r c  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  1 1  r  t  m  m  u  t  c  i  m  r  1 1 1 1  r  1 1  n  e  1 1  r  F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  t  1 1 1 1  r  ■■  1 1  r  1 1 1  i  m  i ; w  e  1 1  j  ^f  i  m  t  t t  n  m  i 1 1 1 1  m  i^ 

I  Standard  Products  Co. I  I    Scott>  Sugden  &  Lamont    | 


Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office,  260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


New  York 

Pittsburgh 

Seattle 

Los  Angeles 


Shanghai 
Singapore 
Manila 
Yokohama 


EXPORTERS,  of  all  American  products,  especially  Iron 
and  Steel  Products,  Machinery,  Black  and  Galvanized 
Pipe,  either  American  or  English  Thread,  Paints,  Var- 
nishes, Cutlery,  Sanitary  Fixtures,  Railway  Supplies, 
Asbestos,  Leather  Belting,  Explosives,  Imitation 
Leather,  Automobile  Trucks,  Tractors,  Lighting  Fix- 
tures, Chain,  Plate  and  Window  Glass,   Fabrikoid. 

IMPORTERS,  Raw  Materials  from  Asia,  Camel's  Hair, 
Animal  Hair,  Bristles,  Furs,  Hides  and  Skins,  Human 
Hair,  Egg  Products,  Nuts,  Oils,  Etc. 


Foreign   and    Domestic    Merchants 

DIRECT     FACTORY     REPRESENTATIVES 

ALL 

STEEL  AND  IRON  PRODUCTS 

Heavy    Hardware  —  Marine    Hardware  and   Supplies 

|  Main  Office: 

MONADNOCK    BUILDING,   SAN    FRANCISCO 

Offices  in 

|    Seattle         Los  Angeles         Pittsburg       New  York        Chicago    j 

millllllimiiiiimilllllllililimiimniilimmilimiminmimimmmliimmimiimimimiilim niinminnnmn nnmnmnmnif 

iillimimiliniimiimimiimilimmimimiliniimimiimiinilllNinillllimmilllimimiinilimillliniimimilmillllllllimilllllllimiimillimm: 

Inspection  -  Testing 


Examinations    —    Certification 

Materials    and    Equipment 

for  Export 

R.   It.   Material  —  Machinery 

Metal  Products — General  Mdse. 


Sampling:,  Analysis  and 

Certification  of 

oils.    Ores,    Minerals 

and    other 
Imported    Materials 


Code  Word  "PERKINS."     All  Codes  Used. 


References,  First  National  Bank,  Bank  of  Italy,  Dun's 
or  Bradstreet's,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


R.  E.  NOBLE  &  CO.,  Engineers 

Controlled    by    Abbot    A.    Hanks 

Established    1866 

Humboldt  Bank  Bldg.  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

Representatives  in  Priueipal  Cities  and  Ports 


Tiiiiii minium imiimimiimiu i nillim mnmniinninn i i i in i i m         51ml mini iinmninninn mnnni ninnin n i I mm milium 

jnnniinimniiininniin mill milliniinininnmiinnnllli imnmimninnninmni inn mil Ilium mm imimimm iinmimn inniiii mi nnmnnnniii mnlnimn i i mnnni i Ilimn| 


Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING   TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABAYA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'   REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable  Address:    "INTRACO" 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.    B.    C.    5th   Edition 


Import    Products   of   all 

Countries    where    we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:     SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


.minim iniminmnn nmimnmnm mm lllll iniiinn 111:1111 mnnin innnnin nmiiminiinmiumiililimnmuiiiimiiimiumiimniiiiimmmmmmiimmmmm 1 mm nninnnniinnnninnmnii 1 iniiiiminmin 1 


June    1919 


85 


^niiiniiniiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiniiiuiiiniiiniiiniiillliniiiliiiliiiiiiiiiiiillliiiiiiiiiiiniMiiiiii^         ymiimiiiiimiimiiiiiimimniiiimiiimmnimimniinmniiniiiniin :  ■ iiiimiimiimiiinilinilin^ 

IMATSON  LINEi  |  Sea  Foam S Bond  I 


San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  | 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


A  Strong,  Beautiful  sheet  for  manifolding; 
stocked  in  the  following  size  and  colors: 

17x22— 101b. 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 


120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WHITE  —  BLUE  —  PINK 

GREEN  —  CANARY 

GOLDEN  ROD 


j    For  price  see  page  11  of  net  price-list.  Samples  on  request. 


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Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 
May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 

promptly  and  frankly  | 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 
General  Insurance 

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BRADY  &  COMPANY 

Established    1892.     SHIPPING    AND    COMMISSION                                 = 
Importers   ami    Exporters   Salmon.    Fertilizer,    Oils,    Steel,    Lumber                 § 
42-Story  L.   C.   SMITH  BLDG.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.   S.   A.                          | 
WIIIIIIIIIUIIIIMIIUIII i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ,'         niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiiii minimum iiiimimiiiiiiiiiimiimimiimiiiii nninmni? 


BLAKE,  MOFFITT  &  TOWNE 

ESTABLISHED  1855 

37-45  FIEST  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 
LOS  ANGELES  SAN  DIEGO 


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AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-  ENGINES  -  WAGONS  - 


AMI 


(,LMS*KT«£D™ 


jcf-v/mv^. 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

and 

All  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT  SCO. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  SOUTHWEST  - 

HZ  118  SO.  LOS  ANGELES  ST.  LOS  ANGELES 


MULTIGRAPHING        MIMEOGRAPHING     | 

BRUCKMAN     | 

TRANSLATING  and 
TYPING     BUREAU 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 

Telephone  Douglas  1316 


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^nniiiinininnininiiniiiiiniiiniiniiiniiinnnniiiiiiiininniniinMiniinnnniinMniinnininniilnnnniniiiniiinnnnnniniMininniininniiniiiiMiin 

I  Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co.   1 

CUSTOM  HOUSE   BROKERS 


Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders 
Fire  and  Marine  Insurance 


U.    S.    BONDED    STORAGE 

Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 
Distributing,  Consolidating 
Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington  Branch  Offices:       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

"Service  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 

iinnnniinn  i  inn  i  mi  i  mi  1 1 1 1 1  in  i  mi  i  mi  i  nn n  mi  i  nn i mi inn i mi  i  in  1 1  in  i  in  1 1 1 1 1  mi 1 1 1  nninniiniiiniininim i inimimniinmnimiiinmi; imimminiiimmi i nniiini i iiiininniiiimniiiininmiiihi 


annum 


86 


Pan  Pacific 


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Melville  S.  Toplitz 


F.  L.  Willekes  MacDonald 


I     MacDonald  &  Co.     I 

SAN  FRANCISCO 
454  Montgomery  Street 

Cable  Address  MACDO.     All  Code* 

Vancouver,  B.  C,     744  Hastings  St.  W. 
New  York  City,  37  Liberty  Street 

Cable  Address  MACDONALD.     AD  Codes 

Importers,   Exporters 
Tea  Experts 

I       Buyer's  Agents,  Indentors,  Warehousemen,  Shipping,      1 
Commission,  Consignments  Financed 

f    EXPORTS— 

Steel   Rails,   Bars,   Structural  Materials,  Machinery,  In-  i 

dustrial  Chemicals,  Nails,  Tinplate,  Sheets,  Rosin,   Lin-  § 

seed    Oil,    Drums,    Baled    Newspaper,    Enamelware,    Oil  ! 

Cloth,  Food  Products,  Preserved  and  Dried  Fruits,  Beans,  j 

Liquors,    Licensed    Narcotics    and    Wholesale    Beverage  1 
1            Dealers. 

I    TEA  EXPERTS— 

I  Tea  Valuations  Furnished. 

I    IMPORTS— 

Raw  Products,  Oils,  Tea,  Rubber,  Chemicals,  Tallow,  | 
Spices,  Essential  Oils,  Fertilizer,  Tapioca,  Copra,  Co-  1 
coa,  Ground  Nuts,  Peas,  Beans. 

We  take  complete  charge  of  shipments,  customs  entries,    § 
warehousing,  weighing,  sampling,  forwarding  to  inland  con-    | 
1    signee,  etc. 

SUBMIT  YOUR  OFFERS 

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THE  EXPORT  TRADE  DEMANDS  THE  BEST 


MONARCH 

af/fre 

OARS 

CfcCj — 

"BEAR  BRAND" 

Sole  Leather 

is  more  heavily  used  in 
the  export  trade  than  any 
other  leather  tanned  on 
the  Pacific  Coast. 

Uniformly  High  Quality 
brings  results 


New  York 


TANNERS 

San  Francisco 


Chicago 


^lliiiiiiilllllMllliliiiiliiiiriiltlllltMllllllinilltllllHillliiliMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNilillliltMiltMiiuiiinliiniiilillMlllllMiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiilllillllliuiiii^ 

MapBHHi>  06yBHaa  Ko.  Kopn. 

OIITOBAfl  nPO^AHCA 
I  216  MapKert  yji.,  CaHi>  <t>paHUHCKo,  Kax,  C.  III.  A. 

BoJIbUIOft    Bbl6opT>   pa3HbIX'b  OaCOHOBT. 

My)KCKOft,  MMCKOft  h  ^-BTCKOH  OByBH. 

06yBb  /yia  Hrpt  h  npory^om>, 

a  TaKHce  Pe3HH0Baa  06yBb  /yia  mophkobt>. 

I  Cable  Address  "Vinmar,"   Bentley's  Code     | 

(TVIARVIN  SHOE  CaVlncTl 

Shoes  Wholesale 

216  Market  Street 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Large  Stock  of 

Men's,   Women's,   Boys' 

and     Children 's     Shoes 

Tennis  and  Outing 
SHOES 

All    Styles  on    Hand;   also     = 
Rubber    Boots    and    Shoes 
On  hand  for  immediate 
shipment 
Cable  Address  "Vinmar,"     | 

EXPORT    TRADE    SOLICITED Bentley  Code | 

MARVIN  SHOE  CO.   Inc. 

COMERCIANTES  DE  ZAPATOS  AL  POR  MAYOR 

216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  EE.  UU. 

I        Gran  deposito  de  zapatos  para  hombres,  senoras  y  ninos 

Zapatos  para  jugar  tennis  y  para  el  campo. 

Tenemos  toda  clase  de  estilos,  asi  como  zapatos  de  hule 

para  embarcar  inmediatamente. 

1     Se  solicita  el  comercio  de  exportaci6n         "Vinmar,"  C6d.   Bentley's 

=1  ji  iiriiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiJLiiJjiiiiiiiiJEiijttiiitiijiriiiiiijiLiiiiiiii[iiiieiiiiiijiiiit4iiiiEiijiiiiiriiixiiijiiiijiiijFiiifiiiiiiiiriiirriiiJtiiijiiiiifiiiijeEiij  mi  t  mi  jxiiiT^ 

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g     Parent  Company 
§     Established  1857 


Resources  Over     ! 
$1,000,000 


Associated  Manufacturers    I 
Importing  Co.  I 

Manufacturers'  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  "Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Pood  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 
All  Codes 
871   Market    Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,    U.    S.   A.   j 


rilUIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlltlllllllllllil!llll[!llllllll[llllllilllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllll<IIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIII!lllllllllllllMllltMlllllllMIIIIIIIIIIMIIIII 


I 


June    19  19 


87 


■ minium mmiiuimmiHHiiir mranimmiHiiiiiiiii nnmn inn mnnniniinniiiimniiinininniitnmiimnm|        £ mm mm iinnmnnni i iinnnnmnmmnimnnn iininninniniinmnnmii i am nun | 

!  THE  CHAS.  A.  BACON  CO.  |    [GENERAL    PAPER    CO. 

EXPORTERS,     IMPORTERS     AND     MANUFACTURERS 
REPRESENTATIVES 

417  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.S.A. 

CABLE  ADDRESS:  "CABCO"  Code  A  B  C— 5th   Edition 

What   do   you   wish   to   buy?    What  do  you   wish   to   sell? 
Write  or  cable  us  at  once.     We  have  unexcelled  facilities  for  = 

handling  your  entire  business;  selling,  buying  and  forwarding 

REFERENCES:  | 

Banca  Popolare  Fugazl  R.  G.  Dun  Mercantile  Agency     = 

^iiiiiiiiii[iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniMiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiii!i~ 


ininimimnnmiiiinniiimiiiii iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiillillliillHllllliiiuiiiliiiiiiiiiiliilHllllliiniiiniiiiiiiiliillliiillllHllllliililiiilliij 

Herbert   W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 


525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 
Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"   All   Codes 

References:         -^^T/V    f"^  C*l^*^  um 

Bank   of    Italy     f&  A  H  T"    K>     .  Ml" 

San     Francisco    ■     *.  *^ ' =5  rK     I     Representatives 

BRANCH    OFFICES:     Seattle,   Portland,   Los   Angeles 

Dealers   in    News,    Book,   Writing,   Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and   Wrapping   Papers 

^71  IIIIIIIIILIIllllllIIII*ll]IIIIJIIIItEIITrillllllltllllllllJllltlCIJJIIlJIEIllllllEllfJlllJLIIItlllttlllllll3lllllllllltlllFlll1lllllllllllllllllllllJIII£9llltIJIIIIlllli]JJ|>1II|I~ 

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F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO. 


STEAMSHIP 
AGENTS 


Write  for  Quotations 


SHIP   BROKERS 
IMPORTERS    AND    EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 


209-211  Washington  St. 


Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A. 


Phone   Garfield   2241 


SAN    FRANCISCO 


Bmimmiiiiiiiiiiiii mil i i iiimiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniii innimniinnniinitr        5 iimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin in i iiiiiiiiiini i iimiimiiiiiii nm B 

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Interstate  Pattern  Works 

MAKERS    OF    PATTERNS 

For  All  Kinds  of 

METAL  CASTINGS 

Quotations  on  Iron  and  Brass  Castings  Furnished  on  Application 
FOOT  of  13th  ST.      VANCOUVER,  WASH.      Phone  241 


References: 
Metropolitan   Bank 
Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

RENCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C. 4 

W.  U.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 

205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

Freight  Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS,   LA.  Correspondence  Solicited 


^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilillililiiiiiiiliinMiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiuiiiuiiiiiiMiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiii  in  1 1  miiiiii  i  iiiiiiiiiini  iiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiii-.        =n  iiiiriiiiLiiiriiijiiciiiiijiiiijiiiijiiijpiijiBiiirillxiliixiiljriaiiiiiiriiiriiiiiiiJiiiiitijjriliilliiiilitlliiiiiftiliitiiiiitiiEiiiitiiiiiiiiiiijrFUJliliieiijiriljiiiiiipiij  tTF 
ninarMi:i:ntiitiiiniiuiiiiiiiuMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiittiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiitiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiitiiiiiiiiuiitiiu        ^.a  ritiiFijirr4Eirfjiiiriiiifjiriiijifi4i»i]iiriiiriii»iiiJFiijrrijitiiiiiiirFiiiiiiiiEiiiFEiEiF*iirijjiriiirijiFiijfciiiFiijiciji[iijiriiiriuiri«iiiiij[iiijiiiJKiijiFiiirriiiciiiici_^ 


PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 
Cable  Address  "P  A  JONES"  All  Leading  Codes  Used 


A.  J.  £r  J.  R.  COOK 

LEATHEK 

Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and 
Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 

Cable  Address  :  "  Cookbro,"  San  Francisco 

743  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


TRADE   MARK 


=nmi iiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiii Niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiii imiim linn iiiiiinii imiimiii mi'  ■m;-        niiiiiiiiiiiiin niiiniiiniiniiiniiininniniiiniiiinnnii iimiiinmnmiii mi nil i iinniinin nun 13 

Mpiiiliiiiimimiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiii iniiiiniinnnimn iniliiiiiiiiniiiiniiiniinii innnniiiniiiiiiiniiniiininniinimiiininiinninniniiiiiiniiin iiiniimniminniinimnmiiniiiniiiniinimiinninnnniinimiiiiniinmnnnni iinmniiniiinnnnininiiiininninniininnmniiniiiiii^ 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping  and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
SEATTLE  -  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

=inliniiit[i[imiiin!iiinnliimiiiiniiiinniiiiinimiiniiiininiinimimiimiiiininnmnnninnim 
Jiinnnnnnniiiiinnminnnmiiiniiimiiminninininininiiinnnninnmimnmimiimnmninmnniiniinninilininm 


Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's,  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


"Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 


3« minim mini 1 inilinilinilllllinillliniiniinniniinilllinninilllllllliniliniinininn in niiniiimiiniiniiiininiiiiniiminniniiiniin iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinniiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiniiiniin 11 niiniiiniiniiiiniiiniiinimiiiiiiiiniT. 

g'm iiininnnniniiiinniiiniiniiinninninniniiiniinnnntinninnninnninnnniinininniiinnninnnininiiiiinnnniiiinnnnininiiiinnninnniiiniinnnniinnnniniinninnin 

I    P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY      485^::^eet       | 

-—Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively  TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 

niiimiiiinjiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiimiiiifii  i  miiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiii  i  iimuii  i  uti  iiiiiiiniiiiiiiui  nun  mi  mi  i  u mi  i  nm niniiiii isriiiiiiiajiii  irtiiiiiiJi-iiitiiiJiiiiJiiiiJiiijriiijiiiitiiijiii3iijijiiijiiiiiriiiiriiiiiiiiiii«iiiiiriiiiivi]iriiiiFiiirii4iFiijiiiiiiiijifiiiir»iiiriaijriiifiiiiiiiiii-iii]iiiiitiiiiiEiiiiiiiitiaii  nil  ri^ 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 


tnshine  Belt"  to  Orient 


PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
''VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


:\-:'_,--;.-y\-::.< 


BaBMB^^BBMKgBI^HBi^jaMpBMa^'^^^^Sgg 


ULY,  1919ctft 

C^n        i^N    25  1919 


'>' 


Price  25  Cents 


MONEY  TALKS  ALL  LANGUAGES 


Call  To  Bankers  To  Aid  Foreign  Trade 
Square  Deal  Promised  Pacific  Coast 
What  Are  We  Going  To  Do  With  Our  Ships? 


Charles  F.  Stern,  Paul  Clagstone,  Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry 
L.  R.  Cofer,  E.  M.  Herr,  Sydney  B.  Vincent,  H.  M.  Dias 


[llllll1llllllltllllH1l|i<li:itlllllllMIII(ll!illlltlll)llll[:i|iHIIIII|[IHIItlllll1HllllMIHI 


mmiiimimmi  . 


HAVE  YOU  OUR  CATALOG? 


REYNOLDS  STORE  AND 
FACTORY  TRUCK 


CONCRETE  MIXERS— Many  Sizes 

We  Will  Gladly  Send  You  a  Copy  and 
Quote  Prices 


HAND  TRUCKS 
For  Every  Purpose 


OUR  STOCK  IS  COMPLETE 


MANUFACTURERS 


CASTERS 
Over  100  Styles  and  Sizes 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address 
"Quolansinvr" 
San   Francisco 


STEEL  AND  WOOD 
WHEELS 


^iiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii ii tiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMluililliltiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiuiMiiiiiiimiiiinum urn 

•jimiiNmiiMiHMiiiiiimmiiimiiimmiiimiiniimmiiimiiiitiiliiiiiiliiiiiliillMlllllllinH  IlllinuillllimilHlHimilllimuilllllilliiiiiiliui 

PURNELL  .&  PAGET 

ARCHITECTS 

AND 

CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

CHAS.  S.  PAGET,  A.S.M.  A.M.  S.  C.E. 


Investigations — Inspections 

Reports  and  Valuations 

Design   and  Supervision   of   Construction 

for  Industrial  Plants  and  Buildings 
Power  Plants 
Difficult   Foundations 


Bridges  and  Steel  Structures 
Wharf  and  Dock  Construction 
River  and  Harbor  Works 
Investigation    and    Development   of    Mining 
Properties 


ESTABLISHED  IN  CHINA  16  YEARS 

f  Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
OFFICES    \  Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,  China 

[  American  National  Bank  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telegraphic  Address,  "PANEL"  Western  Union  Code,  A.B.C.,  5th  Edition 


HiiiiiiniliiiiiiHiuiiiiiii  fiMiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimniiimiimitiit: 


Jul))     1919  89 

liiiiniHiiiniiiiimimiiimiiiiiiiHiimiiiimniiimimiiiminiimimiiimiiniiiimiimiimiiimmiin^ 

|    Java-China-Japan  Lijn    I 


BETWEEN 


San  Francisco 


AND 


Netherlands  East  Indies 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  ^^  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAM  ARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

i 

General  Agents 

3 

2  Pine  Street,  San   Francisco 

=  = 

'I'liwiiimiiiiiiiiitmiimmiiimimiimiiiiiiimirmiimiiiiiimiimiiiw 


90 


Pan  Pacific 


■L") iiimiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiMiimiii iiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiii iimmiililillilliiiiiilllimilimilllimillliiiliNlltiiiiimmillllllll mill 11 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniii I iiilllllimillliliiilniilll mm mini mint miiiiimminm llllllH 


JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc. 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

HARDWARE 

Direct  From  Factory  to  Dealer  or  Consumer 

We  Are  Direct  Factory  Agents  For 
"Russwin"  Builders  Hardware 


General  Hardware 

Parlor  Door  Hangers 
Barn  Door  Hangers 
Roofing  and  Building  Paper 
Tackle  Blocks  and  Pulleys 
Paint  and  Wire  Brushes 
Cordage  and  Chain 


Paints 

Oils 

Varnishes 

TOOLS 


Household  Goods 

.     Stoves — Ranges 
Tinware 

Aluminum  and  Enamelware 
Bathroom  Fixtures 
Electric  and  Gas  Appliances 
Chinaware  and  Glassware 


We  carry  a  Complete  Line  of 
Wrenches — Files — Mechanics,  Machinists  and  Automobile  Tools,  Drills  and  Edged  Tools 

— Manufacturers  of5— 


Special  Steel  Tools — Fire  Door  Hardware — Crowbars — Chisels — Punches — Ripping  Bars 

Sporting  Goods 

Arms  and  Ammunition — Cutlery — Baseball — Tennis  and  Golf  Accessories 
We  also  handle  the  Celebrated  Lines  of 
EDWIN  M.  KNOWLES  CHINA  COMPANY 
FOSTORIA  GLASS  COMPANY 
BUFFALO  POTTERY  (Hotel  China) 

Foreign   Orders  Promptly  and   Carefully   Executed 

When   ordering   any   of  the   above   articles   or   asking  for  catalogs  be  sure  to  give  full  particulars 

CORRESPONDENCE  IN  ALL  LANGUAGES 
Will  act  as  purchasing  agent  on  a  brokerage  basis  for  responsible  houses 

—  Address  — 

JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc. 

1053  Market  Street        San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


fiiiiiuiiinsm   i  r  ■ :  r  ^  r  e  1 1  j  j  e  1 1  ri  j  1 1  i  j  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  i  j  1 1 2  j  1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1  j  1 1  i  t  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  ^  j  1 1 1  i  j  1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1 1  j  ]  1 1 1 1 1 1  l  1 1 1 1 1 1  j  j  1 1 1  j  1 1  l  ■  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  t  e  i  m  j  r  c  1 1 1 1  e  1 1  ]  i  m  i  ]  J 1 1 1 3 1  e  i  m  :  1 1  a  J  t  j  1 1  ^  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1^  3 1 1 1 1 niimiiiniimiimiimimuimiininiiiiniiiH miiiiiiiii'imiHiimiiimiimiiimmiiiiniiHiiimiimiimiiiimimiimiimiiiimii 


jui\>  1 9  r  9  91 

gBMiu nun iiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiiiiiimimiimimiiiiiiimimiimiii iimiiiiiiiimimnmi imimimmmiiiimiimiimimi imiimimimimiiimiimimiiiiiiimiimm mmmiiimimimiiimiiiiiini 


MANUFACTURERS 


AND 


WHOLESALE  DEALERS  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— CHILDRENS  AND  INFANTS 

SHOES 

WE    HAVE  ONE   OF  THE    LARGEST    STOCKS    ON    THE    PACIFIC    COAST 
ALL  STAPLE  AND  LATEST  STYLES  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  CHARGES  PREPAID 


Cable  Address 
"NESCO"  Bentley's  Code 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  CO. 


25  FREMONT  STREET 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


■MMBBBHMp 

ftONADNOCK  BIDS. 


Pacific  Coast 

United    States  of  America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 


|    Arcade  Floor 


The  100%  Club 

Monadnock  Bldg, 


San  Francisco   = 


FiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiniiiuiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiHiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiniiiiiiiuiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiimiimimimiimiimiiiiiimimimiimiimimimimi miiMiimimiiiiimiiimiimiiiiiiiiiimiii i i miimimi iiiiiiimiiii? 

•smiiiimnmiim miimiimimimiiimimiimimiimimim iimiitmiiimiimi i iiiijiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiirniriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii        'miiiiimiiiiiimimimiimimiimimiimim miiiiimiiimimimiimiiiimiiimiiiiiimimimiiiiiiii iiiimiimmiiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiig 

BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  | 

Cup,   Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

I 
Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing       W 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL    INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 

715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    j 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
:      SYCJP  HANSON  W1NKEL  CO.,   Inc.,  327  J.   Luna   Blnondo,   Manila,     E 
P.   I.— P.   M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,   N.  S.   W.— 
P.    LAFARGUE,  Casllla  308,   Valparaiso,   Chile 

^Vi  riiitii]Lttjitiijriij[iiirKiifjiiffiiiriiiiFiijriijrEiijrciiitiiJtEijrr«sirc]irciiirijitriiiriiiiEiji[ijiti3itEiirriiiiiairciiiFrijriX]rrriiiiriiir<ijitxiiiijjiriuiiFiiirpijitii  iT^ 
v^iiif  nt  i  rEijiriiiriif;riitEiiirEiir[iijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiriijriiiiri]iriijiri]iiEiiiiiJiti(iiicjiiF2i»tii[fiiiriijriij[iijjriiiiiiiiiriiiiiiijrriirFiiiiiiiiriiiiiriii[iiTCiii  r^' 

I         JAMES  P.  DWAN         | 

621  American  National  Bank  Building 

EXPORTER  —  IMPORTER 

General  Purchasing  Agent  for  Foreign  Buyers 

Building  Materials 
Machinery,  Ores,  Metals,  Oils 

Offices  at 
539  CITIZENS  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING 

Los  Angeles,  Calif.  | 

MISSIONS  BUILDING,  THE  BUND,  CANTON,  CHINA 
Cable  Address,   "DWAN" 

^^  iiijjiiiiiii]iFiii»iiiiEiijEiiirciiiEiijEii]riiiiEiiAiciiitiiJLiiiiiEsjiLijrriijiiiiiiijiiEiii*iiJiriiiLii4rEijiriijiiijjrriji(iuiiEiiirciiiiiiiiEi]iEiiiicijiLiiixtfeiiiicjiitiiiL7- 

^J_l  EEEllE3irEEI1IEflllEElllEEJIEElJIEEllEEIIBEEJEEE3IIEEJIEE1IIEEIIEBIJIEE1IEEJI[EEJIECIIIEEIIFrilEEE]ll[1IIEE«lirillEEEIirilllEEIIIBEirrEJIIlEllEEE1IIEEirEE]IIEEEJEBl]IEElirtl]IEEET  E_= 

The  Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.  Co. 

Parent   Company    Established   1873 
IMPOBTEES  —  EXPORTERS 
COMMISSION  MERCHANTS 

Laughlin  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.     | 
I     IMPORTS—  = 

TEA,  COFFEE,  SPICES,  COCOA  BEANS,  CHICLE,  RUBBER,  = 
COPRA,  PEANUTS,  PALM  OIL,  COCOANUT  OIL,  TAPIQCA,  = 
GENERAL  PRODUCE. 
=  EXPORTS- 
HARDWARE,  MACHINERY,  TOOLS,  LUMBER,  DRIED  ! 
FRUITS,  CANNED  FRUITS,  CANNED  SARDINES.  CANNED  i 
SALMON,  CANNED  TUNA,  CALIFORNIA  BEVERAGES,  § 
GENERAL  PRODUCE.  | 

1     Sole   Export  Agents  for  South   and  Central   America  of  "M.  O.   E."     |" 
REFINED    ELATERITE   Carbonlte   Coating.     Air   Water,   Acid,         §- 
Alkali,    Oxygen,    Nitrogen    and    Electricity-proof 
Write  for  Catalogue  and  Sample.     Good   Territory  Open. 
Cable  Address:     "CLEIMPCO."     All  Codes 
1         Correspondence    Solicited     and     Conducted     In     All     Languages 

miMIIIMIlMIIIMIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIimilMllllllllllllllllllMlllllllllllllllinillllllllMIIIMIIIIIIIIIII^ 


|  An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained  for  the  benefit  of  1 
I    buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is  I 

|     maintained.      All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers.  I 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and  1 

|     merchants.      Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods  1 

|  and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.  All  are  leaders  in  I 
|     their  line. 

We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation.     = 

;  Business  connections  established.  Correspondence  invited  in  any  foreign  1 
1     language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE.  Sec.-Treas. 

Siimiiiiimmiiimimiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiimiiiiiimimiimimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiii lililiimniiinmiil 

1' '"in" mimiimiimiimimiii mmniimi niiiiiimiiiiiiiimmilmimilimiimmilmiiimimimimiiimimtmimiimllllE 


Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
"PROVEN  QUALITY" 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 

MiiiiitiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiMiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii; 


92  Pan  Pacific 

-^J 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J  M  n  [ !  i  ]  i  [  1 1 1 1 1 1  g  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  [  1 1 1 1  ■  l  <  I  r  1 1  ]  1 1 1 1  j  1 1  <  1 1  [  m  1 1 1 1  n  1 1 1  ]  1 1 1 1  j  [ !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  [  1 1 1 1  [  1 1 1 1  [  l !  i  [  1 1  ■  l !  M 1 1  ■  1 1 1 M 1 1 1  >  1 1 1 L  M  l  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  J 1 1^        'uiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiuiiiniiiiiiilniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiniMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiliiilllllliiiiiliiniiiiiniiiililllliiiiiiilii^ 


i     CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI 


EDWARD    P.    BARRY     = 


Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWNS  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 
Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast  | 
Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books       | 
Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


^iiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiMiniiiniiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii?         riiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiii: 
^iiniiiiiiinmmiimimiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinmiiiiiiiiiimiiimmiiiNimiimijiiim 


ECONOMY!!! 


Ship  Plate  Tightener 

A  NEW  INVENTION 


20  Ton  Pressure 

BY  THE  STROKE 

OF 

THE  HAND 


THIS  IS  HOW 


The  McBride  Hydraulic 
Plate  Tightener 

SPEEDS  UP  SHIPBUILDING  IN 
SEATTLE  YARDS 


SPEED!!! 

PATENTED 


EFFICIENCY!!! 


Portable 22  inches  over  all — 

weighs  but  58  pounds 

EASILY  operated  by  one  man  and  helper.  Does 
work  formerly  requiting  20  MEN:  TAKES  all 
spring  out  of  the  plates  by  its  immense  pres- 
sure— a  factor  unobtainable  by  hand-pressure. 


Shipbuilders  Machinery  Co.,  inc. 

201-2  Maynard  Building 


SEATTLE,  WASH. 
SOLE  DISTRIBUTERS 


No.  2  Exerts — 20  ton  pressure 
No.  3  Exerts— 1>0  ton  pressure 


MANVFACTURERS  OF 

SKINNER  &  EDDY  CORPORATION 

Scarphing  Machine 

Angle  Bevelling  and   Portable    Countersinking 

Motor  Driven  Machines 


I iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiniiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiniiiuimiiiinii niiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiinMiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiir 


July    1919 


93 


iiiiiiiimiirmiiitiiimiimiiiiiiimimiimiii iimiii  ilium  i  iniim  i  riirriiiiitriiii  tuirt  Miiiuit  n iiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiimimiimiiiiiimimiii;         ijmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiimii iiimiiiiiimiimiiiiiimiiiimiiiiiiiimimmiiimimiimimiiiiiiM'. 


Clyde  Equipment 
Company 


PORTLAND 


SEATTLE   1 


Machinery  and  Supply 
Merchants 


542    First   Avenue    South 

Seattle,  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 

fi mi HiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiitiiniiiniiiiMiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiin iimihiiiimiumiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiii^ 

klllllllMIIMIIIIHIIIIIHIIIIllll llllllllllllllllinilllllllllinilllllllMIIIIIIUIinillllllllllllllllllllllllllUIMHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIMIIIIIUIIUIIIIllllllllllll^ 


Cable  address 

Llewellyn 
Los  Angeles 


IRON  WORKS 


LOS    ANGELES   CAL. 


C/3 

U 

z 

o 

> 
< 

8 


CARGO 
and 

CHAIN 
WENCHES 


TANKS 

MARINE  ENG 

NES 

MARINE  BOILEF 

CD 

O 

, 

I— I 

■k^^T^Mh^^ 

H 

^S^Si^H 

< 

.i l'v','7 

H 
en 

ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

INGOTS,  BILLETS,  BARS,  SHAPES 

STRUCTURAL  STEEL  FABRICATORS 


I  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.  Inc. 

SHOES  WHOLESALE 

I  216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


LARGE  STOCK  OH  | 

Men's,  Women's,  Boys'  and  Childrens'  Shoes 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES  j 

ALL  STYLES  ON  HAND  ALSO 

RUBBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES  [ 

ON  HAND  FOR  IMMEDIATE  SHIPMENT        1 

Export  Trade  Solicited 

Bentley  Code 

7HiiiitiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiuiiiiiiiiMiiHiiiMiiMi]iiiiiMiniiitiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii]iM]iiiiiMiit[!ii[iiiiiMiiiiii[uiiniiiniiiitiiiiiiii'5 

^iiniiiiuiiiiiiiiii!i!iitiiiiiiiiHiitiiiiuiiiiiiniin!iu!iiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiitiiniiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiii!iiiiiiiniiniiiHiin!iiiniiiiiiiiiii!iiiiM£ 

IMMEDIATE     DELIVERY 
FROM    STOCK 


IIIIMIIIIIIlllllllllill 


Iron 
Bolts 
Chain 
Axes 


Steel 
Nuts 
Waste 
Saws 


Belting      Pulleys 
Logging  Tools 


iimiiiiiiiiiiiiiniii 


I  MillandMine Supply Co. 

|  Cable  Address  "Milesmine"    Seattle,  U.S.A. 


■^  <  t  c  b  t r  l  i  ]  1 1 1 1 1  l  1 1  j  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ]  j  1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1  e  1 1 1  i  [  1 1 1  j  i  c  i  j  3 1  m  1 1  ^  1 1 1  j  l  e  1 1  j  l  1 1  a  i  1 1 1  j  r  1 1  ]  r  1 1  a  ^  r  r  e  3  j  l  1 1 1  j  c  1 1  j  i  e  1 1 3 1 1 1  ^  j  1 1 1  ] ;  c  i  a  i  r  m  i  j  1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  ]  1 1 1  ]  j  e  1 1  j  r  [  m  r  [  m  j  ;  c  i  i  j  [  1 1  ]  r  e  1 1  j  t .  ~ 


TiiifiiiiiriiiiiMsiiiiiiiriiiiiiiitiiiisMiriiiiiJiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiifiiiiiiiiuiiiiMiiiMiriiiittnitinitiiiuiiiriiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiriiiitiiiiiiiiitiiiiriiiuiiitriiiirjiiirir^ 


94 


Pan  Pacific 


'mnmiimnniniiinniininiiinnnniniNniiinmminiinninimniinmniinmniiiinMniiininnnmMmnm 

|    Shippers  Commercial  Corporation    I 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 


EXPORTERS 


Cable  Address:  SHIPCOMCO 

ALL  CODES  USED 

IMPORTERS 


Trade  Mark 


CANNED 
SALMON 


Pacific  Coast  Products 


CANNED 

MILK 


rmniiiiiiiiniinninmniiiiiiiiimniinmimnmniinniniinniiniiniinimnmninimniinminiiiniiniinim 

^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiniiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiii;        iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiMiitiii(iiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiMiitiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiriiiitiiiiMiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiriiriiiiitiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiniiiiii^£ 


Cable  Address:  "DILL" 


Watch  for  this  Trade-Mark 


EXPORTERS  OF 

Steel  Products 

Chemicals 

Dye  Stuff 

Acids 

Hematine 

Barytes 

Caustic  Soda 

Soda  Ash 

Phenol 

^osin 

Turpentine 

and  Raw  Materials  for  All  Industries 

IMPORTERS  OF 

Fish  Oil 

Cocoanut  Oil 

Castor  Oi 

Soya  Bean  Oil 

Rape  Seed  Oil 

Tallow 

Hides 

Beans 

Peanuts 

Coffee 

Copra 
Rattans  Etc. 

Silks 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 

SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "  Kelley " 

TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


DILL  CROSETT,  Inc. 


San  Francisco 


|  235  Pine  Street 

Branch  Offices 
128  William  Street  New  York 

328  Sannomiya-Cho,  1  Chome    Kobe  Japan 
Union  Bank  Chambers         Sydney,  Australia 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile  Machinery 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,    Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


Iiiimim mmiiiiiiiiiiiiniiin iiiiiniiiiiiii Mini imiiiiiimiii i milium iiimmi ft        » mini mn mini n i milium n n i miimhimiiiiinmnminmiimi mil 

miiimtilllllliuill iimimniinminmnmiimii miimiiiniiiiiiimi ; mnmnmiim'liiliim i mn i i nun ininniinminiinminiiniii mm mm i niinminiiinmninm Illlllin i niiinminiinimj 

THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON 

Electrical  and  Mining  Machinery 

Complete  Electrical  Shop — Specialists  on  Rewinding 
Machinery  of  All  Kinds 

COMPLETE  INSTALLATIONS  MADE 


316  FIRST  STREET,  SO. 


SEATTLE,  WASH. 


= minim milium ininin mil i nininin iminiinmiin Illlllin nnninnininninminilliwi i nun miiimimiiniiimiiim mi i iiinmnmnnnn i i mini iiiiimiiumimiiiimni n mm 


July    19  19 


95 


-■iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiitiiiuiiiuiiiiitiiiiiiiHMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiniiHiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiE        ^iniiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiitiiiuMiiiiiniiiiiiiHiiitiiiiiiiniiiiiMiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiniiiitiiiniiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiii^ 


PLANTING  THE 
FLAG  OF  THE 
ADMIRAL     LINE 
IN  THE  ORIENT 


L.  Dinkelspiel  Company 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


I   DRY  GOODS 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

112  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco        8  BRIDGE  ST.,  New  York 

Manila      Hong  Kong      Vladivostok      Shanghai      Singapore       Kobe     Yokohama 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


NOTIONS  and 
FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods  —  Linens  —   | 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    1 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    I 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  Ticks    | 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's  | 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —  1 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —    i 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages    I 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 


Hum mi in iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini n i minim mi-        =;iiiimiimiiiimiiimiimjiimiimiiimiimiiimiiimmmiimimmmimmmmmmmimm iiimmii in imiMiiiMiimiiMiiiMiiMiiiiMiiiiiiiimiiiiiimim 


nil iiuiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM iimimiiiiiimiiiiiiimiii iiiiiiiiiiiiimiiimiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiimiimiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiimiimiii- 


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National  Products  Co.  I  I  Ingrim-Rutledge  Company  I 


GRAIN  MERCHANTS 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

519  CALIFORNIA  STREET 

San  Francisco,  Calif. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


Exporters  of 

Wheat,    Barley,    Corn,    Flour,    Beans, 
Rice,  Dried  Fruit  and  Canned  Goods 


.   PRINTERS 
STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Importers  of 

Grain,  Grain  Bags,  Beans,  Rice,  Coffee, 
Tapioca,  Spiees,  Hides,  Tin  &  Gambier 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment  \ 

Office   Furniture 
Loose   Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


CABLE  ADDRESS— "NAPRO" 

Correspondence  Invited 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


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96 


Pan  Pacific 


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NIPPON   YUSEN   KAISHA)  I  Skinner  &  Eddy  Corporation 

(JAPAN    MAIL    STEAMSHIP    CO.}  J  i 


(JAPAN    MAIL   STEAMSHIP   CO.) 
Capital,   Yen   $100,000,000  Head   Office,   Tokyo 


RECORD 

BUILDERS 


Fleet  99 — Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

|  TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE 

I   Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via   Japan   Ports, 
Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 
All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

1    Greatly   Improved   Fast    Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern 
Twin  and   Triple   Screw   Steamships  with   Unequaled 
Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT: 

I     S.    S.    Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons         S.  S.   Katori   Mam 19,200  tons 

i     S.   S.   Fushiml    Maru. ...21, 020  tons         S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

I     S.   S.    Kashlma   Maru..19,200  tons        S.   S.    Kamo    Maru 16,000  tons 

1  For   further   information,   rates,   tickets,   berth    reservation,    etc., 

=  apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United  States 

=  and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs. 

=  Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist 

|  agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  .YUSEN  KAISHA 


OF 


Steel  Cargo 
STEAMSHIPS 


= 


i 

= 
i 

! 
S 

! 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


U.  S.  A. 


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!     Cable  Address,  "  Connell " 


All  Codes    = 


Connell  Bros. 
Company 

I  GENERAL  IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


Rothwell  &  Co.  inc. 

Hoge  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 


97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517 
New  York  Havana,  Cuba 


Kobe 
Japan 


HOME  OFFICE 
L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICE 

485  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


OFFICES  ALSO  AT 
|    Shanghai  Manila  Hong  Kong  Singapore 


Correspondence  Solicited 


IMPORTS: 

1    China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame    Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 

j  EXPORTS: 

l    Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye- 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


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July    19  19 


97 


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JULY,  1919 


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PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie Editor 

Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry Consulting  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  India 

George    Mellen    '. Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

F.  J.  Menzies  _ Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias  Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  defoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618   Mission   Street,   San    Francisco 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

Money  Talks  All  Languages Charles  F.  Stern  99 

Square  Deal  For  Pacific  Coast Paul  Clagstone  102 

Pointers  for  Beginners J.  B.  Benson  103 

Portland  Removed  the  Bar , Sydney  B.  Vincent  10  U 

19  §     Misconceptions  About  Russia  Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry  107 

Hji     Capital  Must  Lead L.  R.  Cofer  108 

What  Are  We  To  Do  With  Our  Ships? E.  M.  Herr  112 

Who's  Who  (Edward  Cookingham) 113 

Cocoanut  Palms  Support  Ceylon H.  M.  Dias  11U 

Oblique  Stroke  in  Foreign  Trade G.  B.  Carpenter  123 


^llimill!nillini!UIII!!llinilllMI!IMINIIiniimill[llllMI]IMll[!lllM!l[N 


98  Pan  Pacific 


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I  *m  Ocean    Transport    Q>.,m». 

(  TAIYO    KAIUN  KABUSHIKl  KAISHA  ) 

OF    KOBE.  JAPAN 

Agents   At  All  Principal   Ports   In  Tmc   World 

Operating      Modern     Fretftht     Si  earners 
100    Al    UoyAS 

Regular      Direct      Service 

To      St      From 

San  Francisco  Seattlc  Vancouver 

Amo 

\okohaha,  Kobe.  Shanghai, 
Hongkong.  Manila. 
Singapore 

Frequent       Sailing*    Tc 

Vladivostok  &  North  China  Ports 

We     Solicit    Your    Inquiries    For  Cargoes 
To    Aw.  Principal  Pouts   In   The  Would 

'Trans  Oceanic  Co. 

Pacific    coast  Ac c nts 
San    fttANCifco      <*         SEATTLE         -*         V/acicouv6R 

324  San$om«  ST  amfkican  e*»n  Bioo  yokkshir*     flt06. 

Chicago        «*        Mew    Vork 

646  flRRoueffe  slog.  71    Broadway 

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July    19  19 


99 


Money  Talks  All  Languages 

Superintendent  Stern  Shows  How  To  Make  It  Talk  in  Terms  of  Overseas  Trade 

With  the   Pacific  Coast 


OUT  of  five  years  of  world's  suf- 
fering has  been  borne  a  new 
heaven  arid  a  new  earth.  Precedents 
have  died  as  their  futility  has  been 
disclosed.  The  world  over,  the  things 
that  have  been  are  on  trial  for  their 
lives  before  the  bar  of  the  things  that 
are.  The  world  has  shrunk;  rapid 
communication,  allied  interests,  social, 
economical  and  political,  but  above  all 
the  pulsion  of  association  of  many 
men  of  many  countries  in  common 
dangers  for  a  common  cause,  have 
created  an  intimate  world  relation- 
ship. 

Our  men  who  fought  side  by  side 
with  the  men  of  twenty  allied  nations 
can  never  again  regard  those  men  or 
those  nations  as  something  foreign  and 
apart.  The  personal  touch  is  there; 
the  community  of  interest.  These  are 
the  things  that  will  program  the 
world's  trade  of  tomorrow. 

Three  million  Americans — the  best 
minds  in  the  best  bodies  that  this  na- 
tion could  produce,  the  minds  and  the 
bodies  that  will  dominate  our  activi- 
ties for  the  next  generation — will 
never  again  think  of  the  Englishman, 
the  Anzac,  the  Canadian,  the  French- 
man, the  Italian,  as  an  abstraction;  for 
all  time  these  men  will  be  living, 
breathing  personalities,  men  with 
known  passions,  with  known  virtues, 
with  known  capacity.  They  will  rep- 
resent to  us,  the  men  of  these  foreign 
nations,  almost  as  definite  a  thing  in 
the  world  competition  as  our  competi- 
tor or  our  buyer  across  the  street  rep- 
resents in  domestic  competition.  The 
■Mociation,  the  understanding,  the 
larger  field  of  activities  that  are  the 
major  things  that  came  to  us  for  the 
price  we  paid  "over  there"  will  neces- 
sarily be  the  key  to  our  foreign  trade. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  discussion, 
permit  me  to  define  "foreign  trade" 
by  a  process  of  elimination. 

First,  I  do  not  mean  conversational 
foreign  trade.  I  am  well  aware  that 
for  many  months  discussion  of  this 
subject  has  been  our  finest  indoor  pas- 
time. It  has  occupied  the  attention  of 
chambers  of    commerce,    national 


By  CHARLES  F.  STERN 

State  Superintendent  of  Banks  in 

California 


CHARLES    F.    STERN 

associations,      and      other     resoluting 
bodies. 

These  discussions  have  been  predi- 
cated on  the  thought  that  the  problem 
may  be  solved  by  resolution  or  joint 
rebate.  To  it  has  been  brought  all  the 
eloquence  of  the  after  inner  orator,  all 


. 


For  Us  To  Make  Good 

OUR  boys  are  coming  back  with 
these  words:  "Here  is  the  flag 
you  entrusted  to  us;  dirty,  torn,  ragged, 
from  one  hundred  battle  fields,  drenched 
with  the  blood  of  heroes,  and  in  our 
hands  it  has  never  touched  the  ground; 
and  under  its  leadership  we  have  writ- 
ten in  blood  for  all  thd  world  to 
read  this  message:  'America  never 
welches.'  " 

It  is  for  us  in  whatever  may  be  our 
line  of  activity,  as  merchant,  manufac- 
turer or  banVer,  to  make  good  now  and 
for  all  time  that  which  those  boys  be- 
neath that  flag  made  possible. 


of  the  energy  of  the  professional 
propagandist.  The  foreign  trade  prob- 
lem of  which  I  speak  is  not  soluble 
in  rhetoric. 

Nor  do  I  mean  catalogue  foreign 
trade.  The  catalogue  process  is  that 
by  which  a  manufacturer  of  hobnails 
in  Massachusetts  undertakes  to  dispose 
of  his  surplus  product  in  South  Amer- 
ica, where  bare  feet  are  the  prevailing 
style.  He  sends  on  this  commercial 
quest  not  a  man,  but  a  catalogue  writ- 
ten in  English  for  buyers  who  use 
only  Spanish,  expressing  in  terms  of 
the  dozen  and  the  gross  to  a  people 
who  use  only  the  metric  system,  quot- 
ing prices  in  terms  of  dollars  to  buy- 
ers who  pay  in  other  money,  and  quot- 
ing these  prices  subject  to  an  insert 
pink  slip  in  the  back  announcing  that 
the  goods  may  be  had  at  fifty,  three 
tons,  a  five  and  a  two  off  list ;  and, 
finally,  that  the  goods  will  be  shipped 
on  order,  draft  with  bills  of  lading, 
to  a  country  whose  business  dealings 
are  based  on  long-time  credits. 

I  am  not  speaking  of  that  large  vol- 
ume of  foreign  business  that  comes  to 
us  almost  without  competition;  busi- 
ness that  is  ours  not  by  virtue  of  our 
energy  or  our  salesmanship,  but  by 
virtue  of  the  possession  of  certain  nat- 
ural resources,  certain  coal,  oil  and 
mineral  wealth ;  certain  agricultural 
peculiarities  that  give  us  a  natural 
"inside"  in  the  world's  markets  for 
these  commodities. 

Nor  am  I  speaking  of  spasmodic 
commercial  raids  whereby  our  bucca- 
neers of  commerce  have  at  times  been 
driven  by  surplus  production  into  the 
world's  markets  on  the  theory  of 
caveat  empter — let  the  buyers  beware 
— with  no  thought  or  intent  to  estab- 
lish permanent  trade  connections. 

I  am  speaking  here  of  the  part  I 
hope  to  see  my  country  play  as  an 
open,  tireless,  consistent,  successful 
competitor  with  all  the  world  in  the 
markets  of  all  the  world — a  competi- 
tion in  which  our  natural  resources 
and  peculiar  advantages  shall  bring  to 
their  assistance  the  best  brains  and 
the   best   energy   at   our   command   in 


100 


Pan  Pacific 


A  Call  to  Arms  to  the  Bankers  of  America 


order  that  American  goods  sold 
through  Amreican  agencies  in  terms  of 
the  American  dollar  shall  dominate 
the  markets  of  the  world. 

Herein  lies  our  national  oppor- 
tunity; herein  lies  a  responsibility  that 
we  may  not  evade  with  honor;  herein 
lies  the  final  and  culminating  fact  that 
will  decide  whether  the  thing  that  we 
have  done  was  worth  the  doing — 
whether  the  men  who  died  that  it 
might  be  done  have  died  in  vain. 
Now  Is  the  Time 
To  Realize  Dream 
If  this  dream  is  to  become  a  reality, 
it  must  be  now.  The  new  world  is 
taking  form ;  the  grooves  for  its  future 
progress  are  being  cut.  While  we 
theorize  and  debate,  the  Jap  today 
and  the  German  tomorrow  are  at 
work. 

In  order  that  this  or  any  other  na- 
tion shall  have  and  hold  a  profitable 
foreign  trade  requires  three  things: 
First — Goods  the  buyer  wants, 
packed  and  shipped  as  he  wants 
them. 

Second — Financing  in  accord- 
ance with  the  custom  of  the 
buying  country,  both  through 
the  financial  agents  of  the  seller 
on  the  ground. 

Third — Reciprocal  purchases 
in  kind  from  the  buying 
country. 

Confidence  between  buyer  and  seller 
is  a  thing  of  growth,  a  thing  to  be 
carefully  nurtured  and  never  abused, 
and  which  reaches  its  fruition  only 
with  the  process  of  time.  Without 
mutual  confidence  no  trade  relation- 
ship can  permanently  stand. 

Understanding  of  the  buyer's  needs 
can  only  be  reached  through  painstak- 
ing, exhaustive,  conscientious  study. 
This  problem,  like  every  other  prob- 
lem, can  be  diagnosed  only  upon  the 
ground  and  by  competent  diagnosti- 
cians. 

Germany  Patiently 
Built  Up  Her  Trade 
It  was  this  genius  of  infinite  pains, 
the  patient  building  of  a  trade  struc- 
ture stone  upon  stone,  that  gave  Ger- 
many 80  per  cent  of  the  fabulously 
rich  South  American  foreign  trade 
prior  to  the  war.  A  few  weeks  ago 
I  talked  with  the  Pacific  Coast  man- 
ager of  a  large  Japanese  trading  con- 
cern with  offices  in  the  United  States. 
I  asked  him  what  he  was  doing  with 
reference  to  the  South  American  field. 
His  answer  was  that  he  is  establish- 
ing branch  offices  in  Valparaiso,  Rio 
de  Janiero  and  Buenos  Aires.  He  said: 
"I  am  putting  in  each  a  manager, 
an  interpreter  and  a  clerical  force. 
They  are  there  not  to  get  business 
today,   but  as  listening   posts.     If,   in 


three  years,  they  can  gain  the  confi- 
dence of  the  people  and  learn  with 
what  goods  and  under  what  condi- 
tions this  trade  may  be  had,  I  shall 
be  repaid." 

I  said  to  him:  "While  America  is 
talking  about  this  problem,  Japan  is 
doing,"  and  he  answered  as  quick  as 
a  flash:  "Ah,  when  my  company, 
through  Pacific  Coast  offices,  opens 
branch  offices  in  South  America,  I  wish 
to  be  considered  not  a  Japanese,  but 
part  of  the  American  commercial  in- 
vasion of  South  America." 

The  brilliant  sophistry  of  that  pres- 
entation needs  no  elucidation. 


The  Fruits  of  Victory 

WE  have  made  the  world  safe  for 
democracy,  we  say,  hut  this  is 
the  form  without  the  substance  if  the 
Hun  or  his  counterpart  may  come  again 
and  where  he  has  failed  in  war,  succeed 
in  peace.  We  have  fought  to  make  a 
free  world,  hut  unless  democracy  can 
dominate  the  markets  of  the  world,  the 
fruits  of  victory  are  as  ashes  in  our 
mouths.  This  is  America's  opportunity, 
this  is  America's  responsibility,  to  this 
America  is  bound  in  honor.  We  have 
set  our  hands  to  the  plow  and  we  may 
not  look  back.  When  we  turned  from 
peace  to  war,  we  did  it  over  night.  We 
mobilized  our  man  power  and  our  wo- 
man power,  and  our  money,  our  produc- 
tivity, everything.  We  discarded  creed 
and  sect  and  partisan  politics.  As  one 
people  with  one  voice  we  turned  to  our 
government  and  said,  "All  we  are,  all 
we  have,  all  we  can  do,  our  lives,  our 
fortunes  and  our  sacred  honor — here 
they  are — take  them,  use  them  without 
limit  and  without  stint.  Only  bring  us 
back  a  victory  if  it  takes  the  last  man 
and  the  last  dollar. ' ' 


This  was  the  German  method  of 
yesterday;  it  is  the  Japanese  method 
of  today.  Unless  it  finds  its  counter- 
part in  the  American  manufacturer, 
co-operating  with  the  American 
banker,  then  there  will  be  no  tomor- 
row for  American  foreign  trade  in 
competition. 

Bankers  Must  Stand 
Back  of  U.  S.  Traders 

For  with  the  manufacturer  and  the 
exporter,  you,  the  bankers  of  Amer- 
ica, must  take  your  stand.  Every 
other  nation  engaged  in  foreign  trade 
recognizes  this  fact.  England,  Can- 
ada, China  and  Japan  are  financing 
their  foreign  trade  here  through 
branch  banks  in  California — doing 
within  our  midst  what  the  California 
law  will  not  permit  our  bankers  to  do 
abroad. 

Section  58  of  the  California  bank 
act,  which  will  become  effective  on 
July  22,  is  designed  to  meet  this  need. 
Its    provisions    extend    to    California 


State  banks  the  power  already  granted 
to  national  banks  under  Section  25  of 
the  original  Federal  Reserve  act,  per- 
mitting, first,  foreign  branches  estab- 
lished directly  by  a  California  bank 
of  sufficient  strength,  and,  second,  col- 
lective branches  established  by  groups 
of  California  banks  through  stock 
ownership. 

In  other  words,  Section  58  permits 
for  the  first  time  our  own  manufac- 
turers and  exporters  to  compete  on 
equal  terms  through  the  exercise  of 
powers  the  exact  reciprocal  of  the 
powers  we  grant  to  foreign  branch 
banks  on  California  soil.  This  is  the 
master  key  to  American  foreign  trade. 
Money  talks  all  languages ; '  but  suc- 
cessful American  foreign  trade  must 
be  based  on  the  American  dollar  as 
a  standard  of  exchange  and  financed 
by  American  bankers  through  branches 
on  foreign  soil. 

Everybody's      Business 
Is    Nobody's    Business 

Does  this  seem  axiomatic  to  you? 
Then  let  me  tell  you  this:  When  Sec- 
tion 58  was  submitted,  with  other  pro- 
posed amendments,  by  my  office  4  to 
your  legislative  committee,  it  was  re- 
turned to  me  with  this  notation  pen- 
ciled in  the  margin:  "No  demand; 
no  objection."  Someone  has  said  that 
what  is  everybody's  business  is  no- 
body's business.  Must  we  establish  as 
a  corollary,  "What  is  everybody's 
knowledge  is  nobody's  knowledge?" 
Consider  the  California  branch  bank 
on  foreign  soil  in  the  light  of  the 
third  essential  for  foreign  trade,  re- 
ciprocal buying  and  selling  relations. 

The  nation  that  would  sell  must 
surely  buy;  the  tide  of  commerce  can- 
not flow  continually  one  way.  At  our 
doors  and  ready  at  our  hand,  if  we 
will,  is  the  South  American  trade.  Do 
you  realize  the  fabulous  potential 
wealth  and  buying  capacity  of  South 
America?  Do  you  realize  that  the  de- 
velopment of  that  potential  field  lies 
largely  in  our  own  hands?  The  problems 
of  developing  South  America  are  the 
problems  that  we  have  faced  and  are 
facing  —  problems  inseparable  from 
those  of  finance.  Public  utilities  must 
be  financed  and  developed;  irrigation, 
reclamation  and  subdivision  projects 
are  waiting  there  to  pay  royal  tribute 
to  the  wealth  that  brings  them  into 
fruition. 

The  nation  that  is  the  preferred 
competitor  for  South  America's  busi- 
ness will  be  the  nation  that  with  the 
one  hand  sells  and  with  the  other 
finances  the  internal  development  of 
South  America,  which  alone  can  make 
possible  an  increase  in  her  buying 
capacity.  This  means  that  American 
capital,  through  American  banks  and 


Jul],    19  19 


101 


To  Take  Their  Stand  in  Foreign  Commerce 


American  investment  companies,  must, 
as  part  of  their  broader  commercial 
campaign,  look  to  the  broader  fields 
of  the  buying  nations  for  long-time  in- 
vestments. 

Banks  Must  Winnow 
Wheat     From     Chaff 

It  seems  that  our  American  branch 
banks  in  buying  countries  must  win- 
now the  wheat  from  the  chaff  and 
present  to  the  American  investor  long- 
term  securities  of  unquestioned  sound- 
ness. We  are  just  scratching  this  field 
in  the  new  amendments  to  the  bank 
act,  whereby  we  permit  the  investment 
of  a  certain  proportion  of  our  savings 
funds  in  bonds  of  certain  foreign 
countries.     It  is  the  opening  wedge. 

There  are  fundamental  considera- 
-tions,  and  yet,  on  analysis,  they  are 
what  every  student  of  trade  and  every 
financier  knows.  With  these  thoughts 
might  go  a  mass  of  detail,  a  discussion 
of  the  intimate  phases  of  foreign  ex- 
change, of  international  banking,  of 
trade  balances  and  their  significance; 
but  these  details  and  these  considera- 
tions are  but  incidental  to  the  major 
situation. 

Frankly,  I  am  concerned  with  the 
question  of  foreign  trade  not  so  much 
from  the  standpoint  of  a  study  of  its 
mechanics,  but  of  its  spirit.  Our  days 
of  splendid  national  isolation  are  past. 
We  have  taken  our  stand  boldly  as  a 
world  power  standing  for  the  ideals 
that  make  the  world  a  fit  place  to  live 
in,  and  backing  these  ideals  with  an 
armed  force  that  was  invincible.  We 
are  the  colossus  of  the  nations  today; 
our  influence  felt  in  every  land,  our 
prestige  at  its  zenith. 

Eyes   of  the   World 
Turned   Toward   Us 

The  eyes  of  the  world  are  turned 
toward  us;  every  nation  in  the  world 
owes  us  money;  every  market  in  the 
world  looks  to  us  for  supplies.  Out 
of  the  world  war  we  have  emerged 
practically  the  only  nation  with  man 
power,  money  power  and  productivity 
unimpaired.-  Can  we  hold  the  ground 
that  is  now  ours?  Can  we  fulfill  the 
destiny  that  seems  within  our  reach? 
These  are  the  questions  that  will  be 
answered  in  the  unwritten  history  of 
the  next  generation,  and  that  answer 

I  nil  be  founded  upon  what  we  do  with 
sreign  trade. 
For  five  years  the  world  has  been 
renched  with  blood.  Ten  million 
len,  and  women  and  children  beyond 
umbering,  paid  the  price,  for  what? 
Ve  say  that  we  have  made  the  world 
afe  for  democracy,  but  that  remains 
to  be  seen.  The  war  of  swords  may 
now  be  over,  but  the  real  war  has  just 
begun.  The  wars  of  today  are  com- 
ercial.     They  are  born   of  economic 


Must  Be  Finished  Abroad 

OUT  over  your  highways  from  your 
ports  of  entry  and  your  centers  of 
population  lies  your  state.  Go  see  her — 
learn  her — sense  her  needs  and  her  pos- 
sibilities. Then  face  to  the  West  and 
see  in  your  mind's  eye  those  highways 
projected  out  across  the  Pacific  into 
every  land.  See  the  products  of  your 
California  moving  out  over  those  roads 
to  their  ultimate  market  somewhere  be- 
yond the  setting  sun.  Sense  the  inti- 
mate relationship  between  this,  our  Cal- 
ifornia, and  the  lands  that  are  the  des- 
tination of  those  products,  and  then  it 
will  begin  to  come  home  to  us  that  the 
internal  development  of  our  beloved 
state  may  be  begun  at  home,  but  it 
must  be  finished  abroad. 


conditions  and  nurtured  in  the  belly- 
hunger  of  nations. 

Lust  for  power  demands  its  expres- 
sion in  control  of  markets ;  lust  for 
territory  is  the  expression  of  the  need 
for  markets  and  all  the  damnable  ar- 
rogants  of  the  Hun  are  predicated  on 
these  propositions.  The  war  was 
made  in  Germany,  and  it  was  "made 
in  Germany"  that  caused  the  war — 
not  the  jealousy  of  competing  commer- 
cial nations  but  the  culture  that  would 
short-cut  a  path  to  commercial  domi- 
nance for  Germany  over  the  rights 
and  bodies  of  her  competitors. 

Democracy  of  itself  means  nothing. 
We  hold  to  it;  we  fight  and  die  for  it, 
not  as  an  abstraction  but  because  we 
believe  that  democracy  promises  to  a 
people  more  of  life,  liberty  and  pur- 
suit of  happiness,  mere  fruits  of  their 
productivity  and  more  chance  for 
working  out  their  individual  destinies 
than  any  other  form  of  government. 
It  follows  then  that  the  proof  of 
democracy  comes  now. 


. 


Master   Key   of   Trade 

WITH  the  manufacturer  and  the 
exporter,  you,  the  bankers  of 
America,  must  take  your  stand.  Every 
other  nation  engaged  in  foreign  trade 
recognizes  this  fact.  England,  Canada, 
China  and  Japan  are  financing  their 
foreign  trade  here  through  branch 
banks  in  California — doing  within  our 
midst  what  the  California  law  will  not 
permit  our  bankers  to  do  abroad. 

In  other  words,  Section  58  permits  for 
the  first  time  our  own  manufacturers 
and  exporters  to  compete  on  equal 
terms  through  the  exercise  of  powers 
the  exact  reciprocal  of  the  powers  we 
grant  to  foreign  branch  banks  on  Cal- 
ifornia soil.  This  is  the  master  key  to 
American  foreign  trade.  Money  talks 
all  languages;  but  successful  American 
foreign  trade  must  be  based  on  the 
American  dollar  as  a  standard  of  ex- 
change and  financed  by  American  bank- 
ers through  branches  on  foreign  soil. 


I  am  a  native  of  California;  my 
father  is  a  native  of  California;  my 
grandfather  died  on  Humboldt  bar 
fifty  years  ago.  I  yield  to  no  man 
in  love  or  loyalty  for  this  my  native 
State.  I  know  here  as  the  land  where 
Nature  has  been  pleased  to  express 
herself  in  superlatives — the  largest 
trees  and  grandest  harbor;  the  most 
fertile  soil;  the  most  diversified  pro- 
ductivity ;  the  most  wonderful  climate ; 
a  land  where  winter  brings  no  deadly 
chill  and  summer  reaps  no  grim  har- 
vest of  death;  a  land  where  every 
fruit,  tree  and  flower  of  use  to  man 
finds  somewhere  a  congenial  soil.  This 
is  our  California.  I  have  said,  in  my 
pride,  that  there  is  food  and  living 
here  for  a  quarter  of  the  national 
census. 

Future   Is   Tied   Up 
With  Foreign  Trade 

But  the  future  of  my  State,  the  ul- 
timate limit  of  that  which  she  may 
produce,  and,  therefore,  the  life  and 
comfort  that  she  may  maintain,  is  tied 
up  in  the  future  of  her  foreign  trade. 
Far  flung  our  coast  line,  fronts  the 
Pacific — the  highway  of  the  nations. 

For  five  wonderful  years  it  was  my 
privilege  to  have  a  part  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  highways  of  Califor- 
nia. During  that  time  I  traveled  up 
and  down  this  State  studying  its  needs 
and  its  possibilities.  Over  150,000 
miles  in  five  years  by  auto  has  given 
me  more  than  a  glimpse  of  California. 
I  wish  I  might  find  words  to  tell  you 
of  the  great  new  spirit  that  is  working 
in  this  State  under  the  influence  of 
highway  construction;  of  new  centers 
of  population  springing  up  and  old 
ones  given  new  life;  thousands  of 
acres  of  unused  land  developed  from 
potential  into  actual  assets  of  Califor- 
nia. 

There  are  things  that  a  nation  may 
do  or  not  do,  as  it  chooses.  There  are 
other  things  that  an  individual  or  a 
nation  may  not  refuse  to  do  with 
honor,  and  there  are  those  things  that 
must  be  done  for  the  primitive  con- 
sideration of  safety.  It  is  in  the  light 
of  these  last  two  things  that  we  must 
face  the  question  of  foreign  trade. 

We  have  wrested  from  autocracy 
the  markets  of  the  world.  Can  dem- 
ocracy hold  them?  Will  democracy 
hold  them?  Shall  we  prove  now  for 
all  time  that  democracy  is  what  we 
claim  it  is,  or  must  we  bow  the  head 
and  acknowledge  that  when  face  to 
face  with  democracy  we  failed?  Dem- 
ocracy is  on  trial  today  as  it  never 
has  been  before. 

(Note — Address  before  California 
State  Bankers'  Association  Conven- 
tion, Catalina  Island,  June  6.) 


102 


Pan   Pacific 


Square  Deal  for  Pacific  Coast 

Western  Representative  U.    S.    Chamber  of  Commerce  Says  It  Is  Inevitable  That 

All   Ports  Enjoy  Fullest  Activity 


THE  future  of  our  foreign  trade  is 
possibly  the  greatest  question 
confronting  us  today.  As  a  result  of 
the  war,  production  of  factories  and 
farms  was  enormously  stimulated, 
reaching  a  volume  far  in  excess  of  our 
domestic  market  demand.  As  a  re- 
sult, leading  economists  declare,  unless 
a  large  export  trade  be  built  up,  a 
great  proportion  of  our  industrial 
plants  will  stand  idle  six  months  in 
the  year,  with  all  the  disorganization 
attendant   upon   unemployment. 

This  situation  was  made  clearly  evi- 
dent as  soon  as  the  armistice  was 
signed,  and  steps  were  soon  taken  by 
the  proper  authorities  to  solve  the 
problem.  The  field  to  be  covered  is 
so  vast,  however,  that  it  will  be  some 
time  before  various  factors  can  be 
properly  worked  out,  so  that  but  little 
publicity  has  been  given  regarding  the 
activities  of  those  who  are  dealing 
with  the  question. 

Of    Vital    Interest 
To     Pacific     Coast 

To  no  section  of  the  country  is  the 
successful  solution  of  this  question  of 
more  interest  than  to  the  Pacific 
Coast,  with  its  magnificent  seaports  at 
San  Francisco  and  other  points.  To 
our  general  public,  however,  the  whole 
situation  is  obscure,  and  indeed  dis- 
couraging, for  a  number  of  reasons. 

As  stated,  no  general  policy  for  the 
future  has  yet  been  announced.  At 
the  same  time,  large  steel  ships  which 
are  being  constantly  turned  out  on 
this  coast  are  immediately  withdrawn 
for  shipments  of  food  products  from 
Atlantic  ports  to  Europe,  while  Cal- 
ifornia and  other  Pacific  states,  with 
the  largest  food  crop  in  their  history, 
are  faced  with  a  serious  situation  un- 
less ships  be  allotted  to  this  section 
so  that  regular  sailings  and  shipping 
rates  can  be  announced. 

Export    Rail    Rates 
Should  Be  Reduced 

Our  principal  Pacific  Coast  cities 
have  become  convinced  that  there 
should  be  a  reduction  in  export  rail 
rates  and  the  addition  of  many  com- 
modities, in  order  to  equalize  rates  via 
the  Pacific  Coast  with  those  via  the 
Atlantic,  and  a  short  time  ago  sent  a 
large  and  representative  committee  to 
urge  these  views  upon  Edward  Cham- 
bers, Director  of  Traffic  of  the  Federal 
Railway  Administration.  Some  dis- 
couraged export  houses  have  even  de- 
clared that  they  would  soon  be  ob- 
liged to  close  their  Pacific  Coast  offices 
and  move  to  New  York. 


By  PAUL  CLAGSTONE 

Western   District   Secretary,   Chamber 

of  Commerce  of  the  United  States 


Look  To  Glorious  Future 

THE  American  people  as  a  whole 
are  roused  to  the  situation  and 
determined  to  have  a  merchant  marine 
that  shall  carry  our  goods  over  all  the 
seas.  That  all  our  seaports  should  en- 
joy the  fullest  activity  of  which  they 
are  capable  follows  inevitably,  and  San 
Francisco,  as  well  as  our  other  Pacific 
Coast  harbors,  can  look  forward  confi- 
dently to  a  glorious  future. 


The  object  of  this  article  is  to  show 
that  these  questions  are  being  dealt 
with,  and  that  the  delay  in  working 
out  the  final  solution  is  merely  one  of 
the  many  inevitable  burdens  of  the  re- 
construction period,  soon  to  be  light- 
ened. 

Foreign    Trade    Depends 
On     Shipping     Situation 

It  must  be  evident  that  the  whole 
question  of  our  foreign  trade  depends 
largely  on  the  shipping  situation. 
Shortly  after  the  armistice  was  signed 
Edward  N.  Hurley,  chairman  of  the 
Shipping  Board,  called  on  the  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  of  the  United  States 
to  outline  a  program  for  our  future 
merchant  marine,  and  to  obtain  the 
support  of  American  business,  through 
its  organization,  for  national  legisla- 
tion that  might  be  necessary. 

The  national  chamber  at  once  ap- 
pointed a  very  able  committee,  com- 
posed of  shipbuilders,  exporters,  mari- 
time lawyers,  bankers  and  shippers,  to 
deal  with  every  phase  of  this  tre- 
mendous question.  Included  in  this 
committee  was  Homer  L.  Ferguson, 
president  of  the  Newport  News  Ship- 
building Co.,  who  has  since  then  been 
elected  president  of  the  national 
chamber.  The  committee  has  recently 
made  a  preliminary  report,  dealing 
with  a  very  important  question, 
namely  that  of  handling  the  immense 
fleet  built  by  America,  whether  under 
Government  or  private  ownership.  The 
final  report  is  expected  before  long, 
when  the  whole  question  will  be  sub- 
mitted to  the  country  at  large  and 
then  presented  to  Congress. 

The  committee's  preliminary  report 
definitely  opposes  Government  control 
and  operation  of  our  merchant  marine. 
It  advises  that  the  fleet  be  immediately 
sold  as  a  whole  to  private  investors, 
pointing  out  that  unless  all  the  ships 
are  sold,  private  capital  will  not  in- 
vest   considerable    sums    in    order    to 


compete  against  the  Government, 
should  the  latter  retain  a  portion.  The 
committee  also  feels  that  the  new  pur- 
chasers should  be  free  from  Govern- 
ment direction  as  to  routes  or  rates, 
except  such  regulations  as  are  already 
embodied  in  the  law,  and  that  there 
should  be  no  attempt  to  regulate  ocean 
rates  in  foreign  commerce. 

Prevent       Transferring 
Of  Ships  to  Foreigners 

The  committee  believes  that  it  will 
be  necessary  to  prevent  purchasers 
from  transferring  vessels  to  a  foreign 
flag  for  a  few  years,  to  prevent  the 
sale  from  becoming  merely  a  step  in 
the  transfer  of  the  entire  fleet  to  for- 
eign owners.  It  recognizes,  however, 
that  the  Government  has  more  vessels 
of  less  than  6,000  tons,  not  suitable  for 
overseas  trade,  than  can  be  profitably 
employed  in  coastwise  or  West  Indian 
trade,  and  therefore  recommends  that 
these  and  all  wooden  ships  be  sold  at 
the  best  price  obtainable  to  either 
domestic  or  foreign  buyers  and  trans- 
fer of  the  flag  be  permitted  without 
restriction.  It  is  intimated  that  popu- 
lar uneasiness  over  transfer  of  the  flag 
is  perhaps  unwarranted  in  view  of  the 
almost  unlimited  shipbuilding  facilities 
of  this  country. 

Plan    Liberal    Terms 
In    Sale    of    Vessels 

In  regard  to  the  prices  at  which  the 
larger  vessels  should  be  sold,  it  is 
stated  that  the  original  cost  is  irrel- 
evant, and  the  vessels  are  worth  no 
more  today  than  English  or  Scandi- 
navian competitors  must  pay  for  their 
vessels.  The  committee  recommends 
that  terms  of  sale  should  be  liberal 
enough  to  enable  new  shipping  com- 
panies to  finance  their  purchases. 

As  the  question  of  financing  is  a 
vast  one,  involving  the  payment  of  be- 
tween one  and  two  billions  to  the  gov- 
ernment, and  in  order  to  secure  a  wide 
distribution  and  thus  make  the  fullest 
use  of  all  our  seaports,  the  committee 
recommends  the  formation  of  shipping 
associations  throughout  the  country, 
of  a  quasi-public  nature,  developed 
under  the  auspices  of  state  and  city 
governments  and  commercial  organiza- 
tions which  should  represent  all  inter- 
ests in  their  localities  and  be  respon- 
sible for  the  purchase  and  distribution 
of  ships  to  shipping  companies  organ- 
ized in  their  own  territories.  Ships 
should  be  allotted  to  each  district  in 
proportion  to  the  shipping  interests 
and  foreign  commerce  thereby  repre- 
sented. The  terms  should  be  the  same 
to  each  association  and  should  include 


July    19  19 


103 


Here  are  15  Pointers  for  Beginners  in  Foreign  Trade 


By  J.  B.  BENSON 
Advertising  Manager  Advance-Rumely  Thresher  Co. 


1.  Don't  attempt  foreign  trade  unless 
you  expect  to  ' '  stick ' '  and  analyze  the 
market  before  you  start. 

2.  Don't  think  of  a  foreign  market  as 
a  dumping  ground,  an  outlet  for  left 
overs  and  "seconds."  Better  stick  to 
your  home  market — you  are  doomed 
before  you  start. 

3.  Don't  go  into  foreign  trade  just  to 
"fill  in" — a  temporary  expedient — if 
you  start  with  a  customer  stand  by  him 
regardless  of  whether  your  domestic 
trade  is  slack  or  booming. 

4.  It  takes  time  to  develop  profitable 
foreign  trade — unless  the  exporter  is 
willing  to  so  build  he  had  best  keep  out 
of  it. 

5.  Careful  planning  and  consistent, 
intelligent  effort  have  developed  the 
big  foreign  trade  of  England,  Germany 
and  France — haphazard  tactics  can  de- 
velop nothing  but  disappointment  and 
ultimate  failure. 

6.  The  American  manufacturer  who 
has  made  a  success  of  his  domestic 
business  owes  it  to  a  thorough  knowl- 
edge of  his  market — the  tastes  and  pe- 
culiarities of  the  potential  users  of  his 
product  —  the     use     of    merchandising 


methods  that  fit  definite  known  condi- 
tions— and  a  broad  vision.  He  can 
maYe  the  same  success  in  foreign  fields 
— if  he  plans  as  carefully. 

7.  Put  yourself  in  your  customer's 
place.  First  see  the  foreign  buyer's 
side  of  it — then  educate  him  to  see 
yours.  The  tastes  of  the  foreign  cus- 
tomer may  seem  strange,  but  he  has  his 
traditions  and  customs  just  as  we  have 
— change  his  tastes  by  education,  not 
by  force. 

8.  Place  service  first  and  keep  your 
promises.  The  first  order  is  merely  an 
opener — it  taVes  repeat  orders  to  build 
a  profitable  foreign  business. 

9.  Be  explicit  in  advertising,  rates, 
terms,  prices — don't  leave  anything  to 
the  imagination  of  the  other  fellow. 

10.  Don't  abuse  your  customer's  con- 
fidence— he  expects  you  to  send  exactly 
what  he  orders — not  a  substitute — and 
to  send  no  more  or  no  less  than  he  or- 
ders— he  expects  you  to  bill  at  the 
prices  you  quoted — to  pack  and  ship 
exactly  as  he  instructs. 

11.  Follow  your  customer's  instruc- 
tions explicitly — he  has  learned  by  ex- 
perience what  is  essential    and    neces- 


sary. Some  of  the  customer's  specifi- 
cations for  wrapping,  packing  and 
marking  may  seem  foolish  to  your  ship- 
ping department.  You  may  be  thinking 
in  terms  of  a  through  shipment  and  de- 
livery at  the  dock.  Your  customer  is 
thinking  in  terms  of  several  transfers 
in  lighters,  or  over  land  on  mule  back. 
If  you  could  see  them  load  and  unload 
in  lighters  you  would  readily  see  why 
the  foreign  customer  specifies  one  inch 
boards  on  packing  cases,  waterproof 
linings  and  steel  strapping. 

12.  A  satisfied  customer  is  your  big- 
gest asset  here  at  home — it's  no  differ- 
ent in  a  foreign  country. 

13.  Don't  stop  when  you've  put  your 
goods  upon  the  importer's  shelves — 
help  take  them  off,  just  as  you  do  with 
a  retailer  in  this  country. 

14.  Don't  oversell  the  importer  or  in- 
duce him  to  stock  goods  that  don't  fit 
the  market — that  is  imposing  upon  his 
confidence  and  leads  to  but  one  end. 

15.  Don't  jump  at  the  selection  of 
the  importing  house  you  appoint  as 
resident  agent — know  that  he  means 
business — that  he  is  going  to  push  your 
goods  and  not  throttle  them. 


provisions,  after  an  initial  payment, 
for  the  payment  of  the  balance  in  an- 
nual installments  over  a  period  of 
years  at  low  interest. 

Definite  sections  are  suggested,  to 
which  these  ships  should  be  allotted, 
Boston,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Bal- 
timore, Charleston  or  Jacksonville, 
New  Orleans,  San  Francisco,  Seattle 
and  one  or  more  Great  Lakes  ports 
being  named  as  centers.  It  is  pointed 
out  that  by  securing  a  very  wide  dis- 
tribution of  vessels  and  making  the 
greatest  possible  use  of  all  our  sea- 
ports on  an  equal  basis,  new  blood  and 
capital  will  be  enlisted.  If  any  asso- 
ciation should  fail  to  purchase  its 
quota,  the  other  associations  should 
be  given  an  opportunity  to  become  re- 
sponsible for  the  ships  allotted  to  its 
district. 

Recognition    Given 
All  Shipping  Centers 

It  is  clear  that  this  provides  for  ab- 
solutely fair  recognition  of  all  our 
shipping  centers,  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
as  well  as  in  the  South,  on  the  Atlan- 
tic seaboard  and  on  the  Great  Lakes, 
and  the  number  of  ships  purchased  by 
each  will  depend  simply  on  the  wishes 
of  those  in  that  section  of  the  country. 
The  size  of  the  fleet  sailing  under  the 
American  flag  from  San  Francisco  will 
be  in  exact  proportion  to  the  enter- 
prise and  public  spirit  of  our  citizens. 

The  committee  recommends  that  the 
government  at  once  get  out  of  the 
shipbuilding  business.  Government 
subsidies  are  not  dealt  with  in  this  re- 


port, although  it  is  stated  that  if  there 
is  an  economic  loss  and  the  policy  of 
having  an  American  merchant  marine 
is  still  adhered  to,  then  the  loss  must 
be  borne  by  the  nation  as  a  whole. 

It  may  be  stated,  for  those  who  have 
recently  taken  a  pessimistic  view  of 
San  Francisco's  rail  rate  situation, 
that  the  Federal  Railway  Administra- 
tor announced  to  the  members  of  the 
Pacific  Coast  committee  which  visited 
him  in  Washington  recently  that  he 
took  the  same  position  as  they  did, 
namely,  that  there  should  be  no  dis- 
crimination in  rail  rates  as  against  any 
section  of  the  country,  and  would 
work  things  out  along  this  basis.  In 
any  event,  it  is  evident  that  the  rail- 
ways will  not  remain  much  longer 
under  government  control. 

It  will  be  realized  by  those  who 
have  feared  for  the  future  of  Pacific 
Coast  ports  that  the  policy  of  the  na- 
tional chamber's  committee  definitely 
provides  for  the  utilization  of  all  our 
American  shipping  centers,  and  that 
in  order  to  ensure  its  success,  any  pos- 
sible rail  rate  discrimination  against 
this  section  would  have  to  be  elimi- 
nated. The  whole  rate  question  will 
undoubtedly  be  finally  settled  in  this 
broader  way,  involving  Congressional 
action,  if  necessary. 

As  regards  the  constant  transfer  of 
ships  turned  out  on  this  coast  to  the 
Atlantic  seaboard,  Mr.  Hurley  stated 
to  the  representatives  of  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Chamber  of  Commerce  who  vis- 


ited him  recently  that  this  was  done 
by  order  of  the  President,  in  order  to 
transport  foodstuffs  urgently  needed 
in  Europe.  The  peak  has  been 
reached,  however,  and  one  or  two  ves- 
sels a  week  are  being  turned  over  to 
commercial  use.  Here  too,  we  may 
look  for  early  Congressional  action  to 
relieve  the  situation. 

Look  For  Early  Action 
To     Relieve     Situation 

It  will  be  seen  that  every  effort  is 
being  made  to  deal  with  every  angle 
of  our  vitally  important  shipping 
problem.  A  thoroughly  well  qualified 
and  representative  committee  of  the 
national  chamber  is  complying  with 
the  desires  of  the  Shipping  Board  and 
has  already  submitted  a  very  valuable 
preliminary  report.  The  complete  re- 
port will  soon  be. ready,  when  it  will 
no  doubt  be  submitted  to  the  whole 
country  in  the  form  of  a  referendum, 
by  the  very  efficient  machinery  now 
possessed  by  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce of  the  United  States.  The  final 
judgment  will  then  be  brought  before 
Congress  for  early  consideration. 

The  American  people  as  a  whole  are 
roused  to  the  situation  and  determined 
to  have  a  merchant  marine  that  shall 
carry  our  goods  over  all  the  seas.  That 
all  our  seaports  should  enjoy  the  full- 
est activity  of  which  they  are  capa- 
ble follows  inevitably,  and  San  Fran- 
cisco, as  well  as  our  other  Pacific 
Coast  harbors,  can  look  forward  con- 
fidently to  a  glorious  future. 


104 


Pan  Pacific 


Portland  Removes  the  Bar 

Old  Barrier  To  the  Free  Navigation  of  the  Mighty  Columbia  River  Has  Been 

Entirely  Cut  Away 


IN  these  days  of  trade  expansion,  in 
which  the  maritime  nations  of  the 
world  are  racing  for  supremacy,  the 
question  of  port  facilities,  port  en- 
trances and  harbor  conditions  gener- 
ally is  almost  as  grave  as  the  matter 
of  tonnage. 

The  great  European  war  has  pro- 
duced changes  in  finance  and  business 
conditions  which  a  few  years  ago 
would  have  been  deemed  fanciful.  The 
balance  of  trade  has  shifted,  and  to- 
day the  United  States  is  the  banker  of 
the  world. 

But  this  is  not  all.  A  new  commer- 
cial spirit  has  been  aroused.  There  is 
a  determination  that  the  United  States 
must  become  the  greatest  shipping  na- 
tion of  the  world,  with  the  possible 
exception  of  Great  Britain.  This  de- 
termination of  the  great  commercial 
interests  of  the  United  States  is  re- 
flected in  the  wonderful  activities  of 
*her  ports.  Everywhere  preparations 
are  being  made  greatly  to  improve 
port  conditions  and  to  make  ready  in 
every  conceivable  manner  for  the 
great  commerce  which  is  to  develop 
within  the  next  few  years. 

Great    Changes    Wrought 
On     the     Pacific      Coast 

On  the  Pacific  Coast  great  changes 
have  been  wrought,  and  the  time  is 
not  far  distant  when  the  ports  of  the 
Pacific  Coast  will  come  into  their  own. 
The  greatest  single  trade  development 
in  all  the  world  will  probably  be  on 
the  Pacific. 

The  wonderful  advances  of  the 
Japanese,  whose  enterprise  must  prove 


By  SYDNEY  B.  VINCENT 

one  of  the  marvels  of  the  world  trade 
development,  the  awakening  of  Aus- 
tralia, the  development  of  the  Phil- 
ippines and  Malayasia,  the  possibilities 
in  China  and  Siberia  and  the  sure  ad- 
vancement, commercially  and  other- 
wise, of  all  the  other  Pacific  Ocean 
countries  and  sections,  all  seem  posi- 
tively to  insure  the  employment  of 
tremendous  fleets  of  ocean  carriers. 
Portland  Fully  Alive 
To   the   New   Situation 

The  Port  of  Portland  is  fully  alive 
to  the  situation.  Years  ago  it  was 
realized  by  the  people  of  Oregon  that 
the  old  barrier  to  the  free  navigation 
of  the  mighty  Columbia  River,  the  sec- 
ond largest  commercial  river  in  the 
United  States,  the  bar  at  its  mouth, 
must  be  removed.  It  has  been  re- 
moved. There  now  is  no  bar  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Columbia  River.  Engi- 
neering skill  has  positively  cut  it  away 
until  today  there  is  a  greater  dep.th  of 
water  over  what  was  formerly  "the 
bar"  than  obtains  at  any  other  Pacific 
Coast  port.  San  Francisco  has  less 
water  at  the  entrance  to  her  bay;  Los 
Angeles  and  San  Diego  have  far  less, 
and  the  entrance  to  Puget  Sound  is 
shallower. 

To  persons  who  knew  the  Columbia 
River  bar  of  old,  these  statements  will 
be  a  revelation.  They  may  appear  to 
the  uniniated  to  be  exaggerated,  but 
they  are  not  one  whit  over-stated. 
They  can  readily  be  confirmed  by  re- 
ferring   to    the    latest    maps    of    the 


United  States  Geodetic  Survey.  There 
the  figures  may  be  read  without  a 
magnifying  glass. 

Columbia  River  Bar 
Is  Entirely  Removed 
However,  there  is  still  another 
proof,  and  to  the  informed  a  better 
proof.  At  a  hearing  at  Astoria  in  the 
last  week  of  March,  1919,  before  a 
committee  of  the  Naval  Affairs  Com- 
mittee of  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  the  United  States,  Bar  Pilot  Michael 
Nolan,  a  man  with  twenty-five  years 
experience  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  hav- 
ing pilot  licenses  for  San  Francisco 
bay  and  entrance,  Puget  Sound  and 
the  Columbia  River  and  other  ports, 
made  this  wonderfully  significant 
statement : 

I  hold  a  license  to  San  Fran- 
cisco Bay  and  entrance.     This  is 
what  I  wish  to  say:     I  consider 
the    Columbia    entrance    to    be 
safer  to  navigate  than  I  do  San 
Francisco  Bay  or  any  other  Pa- 
cific Coast  harbor  entrance. 
The  entrance  to  the  great  Columbia 
River    was,    in    the    eighties,    a    great 
handicap.     The   "bar"   in  those   days 
was  shallow.     It  was  safe   enough  in 
calm   weather.     It   easily   could   carry 
vessels  of  the  draft  which  obtained  in 
those  days,  but  in  rough  weather  ship 
masters  feared  it. 

Less      Fogs      Prevail 
Than  at  Other  Ports 
A   peculiar   fact   regarding   the   en- 
trance to  the  Columbia  River  has  re- 
cently been  unearthed.     Investigators 
discovered  that  there  is  less  fog  at  the 


SCENE    IN    PORTLAND    HARBOR    AFTER    A    LAUNCHING 
The  Portland  Shipbuilding  District  in  the  last  three  years  has  launched  more  vessels  than  any   other    district    in    the    United    States, 

considering  both  wood  and  steel  construction. 


July    19  19 


105 


Columbia  River  than  prevails  on  Puget 
Sound  or  San  Francisco. 

Government  fog  statistics  reveal 
that  for  the  year  ended  June  30,  1918, 
the  mouth  of  the  Columbia  River  had 
but  811  hours  of  foggy  weather, 
whereas  San  Francisco  had  1802  hours 
and  Puget  Sound  1611  hours. 

Proving  beyond  question  that  the 
Columbia  River  is  the  safest  port  in 
this  regard,  reference  to  the  Govern- 
ment's records  for  the  past  ten  years 
show  even  greater  advantage  on  the 
average  for  the  Oregon  port.  The 
averages  for  ten  years  are:  Columbia 
River,  696  hours;  San  Francisco,  1591 
hours;  Puget  Sound,  1306  hours. 

Federal        Government 
Helped  Remove  Menace 

Years  ago  the  people  of  Portland 
realized  that  something  must  be  done 
to  remove  the  menace  of  the  bar  and 
finally  their  appeal  to  the  Federal 
Government  for  an  appropriation  to 
be  used  for  the  construction  of  a  jetty 
system  which  would  insure  a  greater 
depth  of  water,  and  which  would 
cause  the  flow  of  the  river  to  scour 
the  bar  was  heard  by  Congress  and 
the  money   was   forthcoming. 

The  first  federal  appropriation  was 
used  in  the  construction  of  a  jetty  on 
the  south  shore  of  the  entrance  to  the 
Columbia  River.  Its  beneficial  effect 
in  deepening  the  waters  at  the  en- 
trance was  almost  immediately  notice- 
able. Week  in  and  week  out,  month 
"  following  month,  the  bar  silently  slid 
into  the  deeper  waters  of  the  ocean. 
Shortly  a  survey  showed  25  feet  of 
uater  at  "the  bar"  at  low  tide,  and 
the  great  grain  ships  of  the  United 
Kingdom  and  Continental  Europe 
came  in  increasing  numbers  to  load 
wheat  at  the  great  Portland  docks.  The 
^ily  grew  in  shipping  importance  and 
soon  ranked  as  the  second  largest 
wheat  shipping  port  in  the  world,  an 
honor  she  has  retained  with  becoming 
grace. 

The  importance  of  maritime  com- 
merce was  manifest,  and  as  the  port 
grew  out  of  its  swaddling  clothes,  a 
new  and  wonderful  spirit  was  de- 
veloped. The  people  of  the  city  took 
a  larger  view  of  commercial  matters. 
Great  factories  were  established, 
splendid  improvements  were  installed, 
and  most  important  of  all,  the  money 
was  provided  for  improving  river 
channel  conditions. 

B  River  Channel  Improved 
at  Cost  of  Many  Millions 
.Millions  upon  millions  of  dollars 
sre  expended.  The  river  channel 
improved  and  has  continued  to  im- 
prove, until  today,  vessels  drawing 
thirty  feet  easily  can  ascend  the  Co- 
lumbia, to  take  their  cargoes  at  the 
docks  of  Portland,  thus  saving  the 
heavy  toll  which  would  have  to  be 
paid  if  freight  was  carried  on  down 


LAUNCHING    S.    S.    CITY    OF    EUREKA    AT    PORTLAND 


the  Columbia  in  railroad  cars.  It  is 
estimated  that  the  loading  of  vessels 
in  Portland  will  save  shippers  approx- 
imately 85  cents  per  ton  on  every  ton 
of  wheat  shipped. 

Congress  recognized  Portland's  pros- 
pective development  as  a  great  port, 
and  more  money  was  forthcoming  for 
work  at  the  mouth  of  the  Columbia. 
The  south  jetty  was  extended,  and 
work  was  begun  and  now  is  practi- 
cally finished,  on  a  great  jetty  on  the 
north  shore.  As  the  work  progressed, 
the  waters  at  the  entrance  deepened. 
Presently  there  was  30  feet  of  water 
on  "the  bar"  at  low  tide. 

Portland  was  jubilant  and  so  was 
the  growing  port  of  Astoria.  So  were 
the  engineers  who  had  charge  of  the 
work.  Soon  the  effect  of  the  two  jet- 
ties was  in  evidence.  The  bar  began 
to  disappear.  It  was  being  pushed 
into  the  sea  by  the  waters  of  the  Co- 
lumbia. The  scouring  process  con- 
tinued month  in  and  month  out.  Meas- 
urements showed  35  feet  of  water  at 
low  tide.  Foot  by  foot  the  depth  in- 
creased, until  now  there  is  over  40 
feet  of  water  over  what  had  been  in 
years  gone  by  "the  Columbia  River 
Bar." 


One   of  Biggest   American 
Engineering  Achievements 

The  work  of  the  Government  at  the 
entrance  to  the  Columbia  represents 
one  of  the  greatest  of  American  mari- 
time engineering  achievements.  It 
has  produced  one  of  the  most  revolu- 
tionary changes  in  entrance  conditions 
in  the  history  of  world  commerce.  Few 
harbors  of  the  world  have  such  a  per- 
fect entrance ;  few  harbors  are  so  safe. 
There  are  no  maritime  losses.  The 
few  scored  against  the  mouth  of  the 
Columbia  occurred  years  ago.  In  fact, 
in  the  past  twenty  years,  probably  no 
other  large  Pacific  Coast  port  has  had 
so  few. 

And  what  has  all  this  cost  the  Gov- 
ernment? Just  a  trifle  over  $16,000,- 
000,  and  most  of  this  amount  was  ex- 
pended in  the  construction  of  the  two 
great  stone  jetties,  which  narrow  the 
discharge  area  from  seven  miles  to 
about  two  and  one-half  miles. 

But  that  was  not  all;  there  is  yet  to 
be  considered  the  work  which  has  been 
done  on  the  Columbia  River  between 
Portland  and  the  mouth  of  the  Colum- 
bia. The  increased  tonnage,  and 
therefore,  the  deeper  draft  of  vessels 
of  more  recent  years,  caused  the  Port 


106 


Pan  Pacific 


ANOTHER    VIEW    AT    THE    PORT    OF    PORTLAND 


of  Portland  to  make  ready  for  the  fu- 
ture. It  was  realized  that  the  old  type 
of  vessel,  drawing  from  fifteen  to 
eighteen  feet,  soon  would  disappear, 
and  that  unless  there  was  maintained 
a  depth  of  water  in  the  Columbia  suffi- 
cient safely  to  carry  vessels  of  the 
most  modern  type,  that  the  port  would 
be  handicapped. 

People   Gladly   Paid   Taxes 
To     Improve    the     Harbor 

Surveys  of  the  river  from  time  to 
time  indicated  that  much  work  would 
be  required  if  vessels  of  30  foot  draft 
were  to  come  to  Portland  at  the  zero 
stage  of  the  river,  and  at  all  seasons 
of  the  year.  The  people  of  Portland 
readily  accepted  the  decision  of  the 
Port  of  Portland.  They  paid  addi- 
tional taxes. 

In  a  few  years  there  had  been  ex- 
pended $5,000,000  of  the  community's 
money.  A  fine,  deep  channel  was 
made  which  gave  to  the  interior  a 
rate  of  about  five  cents  a  ton  for  the 
wheat  sent  abroad  in  the  100-mile 
reach  between  Portland  and  the  sea, 
as  against  the  usual  rail  rate  for  the 
same  distance  of  about  85  cents  a  ton. 

Then  Federal  aid  was  sought  and 
granted,  and  now  the  work  of  keeping 
the  river  "in  condition"  and  to  insure 
a  depth  of  30  or  more  feet  continues 
under  government  supervision. 

For  several  years  vessels  drawing 
from  28  to  30  feet  have  ascended  the 
Columbia  to  Portland  without  diffi- 
culty. This  year  a  vessel  drawing  31 
feet  4  inches  was  dispatched  from 
Portland.  In  due  time  Portland  will 
have  a  channel  down  the  Columbia  to 
the  Pacific  of  35  feet  at  the  zero  stage 
of  the  river.  Delays  have  been  elimi- 
nated, and  the  fresh  waters  of  the  Co- 
lumbia and  Willamette  Rivers  kill  all 
sea  growths  which  attach  to  the  bot- 
toms of  ocean-going  vessels,  lessening 
the  frequency  of  dry-docking  and  in- 


creasing the  speed  of  the  ships  which 
leave  the  port. 

New  St.  John's  Terminal 
Is  Completely  Equipped 
Determination  has  removed  all  ob- 
stacles. That  the  world  may  better 
appreciate  the  spirit  which  animates 
the  people  of  Portland,  reference  must 
be  made  to  the  $3,000,000  bond  issue 
for  a  grain  elevator.  Changes  in  the 
method  of  shipping  grain  caused  the 
port  authorities  to  recommend  that  a' 
grain  and  terminal  system  be  estab- 
lished. The  money  was  provided  and 
a  great  system  is  about  to  be  turned 
over  by  the  contractors  to  the  authori- 
ties. It  will  be  known  as  the  "St. 
Johns  Terminal,"  because  of  its  loca- 
tion near  the  St.  Johns  District  in  the 
northernmost  portion  of  the  Portland 
city  limits. 

The  terminal  comprises  about  155 
acres,  and  has  a  frontage  on  the  river 
of  2500  feet.  It  is  completely  equipped 
with  trackage  facilities,  physical  con- 
nection being  had  with  all  the  rail- 
roads entering  the  city.  The  terminal 
was  planned  to  permit  of  extensions 
in  its  several  functions  whenever  addi- 
tional facilities  were  required,  and  in- 
deed plans  are  now  being  prepared 
greatly  to  enlarge  the  system  in  the 
very  near  future.  The  tentative  plan 
for  enlargement  includes  provision  for 
large  additional  covered  warehouse 
space,  coal  bunkers  and  oil  fuel  tanks. 
Four  Municipal  Docks 
Are  Now  in  Operation 
Fifty  acres  have  been  reserved  for 
factory  site  purposes,  which  will  be 
leased  for  a  term  of  twenty  years  at  an 
annual  rental  of  six  per  cent  of  the 
actual  cost  of  the  ground  lease.  Pier 
No.  1  is  well  over  200  feet  wide  and 
1200  feet  long,  most  of  which  is  under 
cover.  The  first  unit  of  the  elevator 
will  take  care  of  over  1,000,000  bush- 
els of  wheat,  with  additional  storage 
facilities  for  as  much  more.     All  struc- 


tures are  of  the  most  modern  type, 
reinforced  concrete  being  the  principal 
material  used.  The  most  modern 
equipment  is  installed,  including  a 
complete  system  of  fire  protection. 
Grain  in  bulk  and  grain  in  sacks  can 
be  taken  care  of.  Provision  is  made 
for  handling  all  classes  of  grain,  clean 
and  smutty. 

There  are  in  operation  in  Portland 
four  large  municipal  docks,  all  under 
cover,  and  thoroughly  equipped  with 
facilities  for  the  prompt  and  economic 
handling  of  cargo.  The  docks  are 
provided  with  offices  and  comfort  sta- 
tions, for  passengers  and  crews,  and 
with  fire  fighting  equipment.  The 
dock  charges  are  the  lowest  in  force 
upon  the  Pacific  Coast.  Every  en- 
deavor has  been  made  to  make  them 
convenient  and  adaptable  for  the 
handling  of  all  classes  of  cargo. 

Within  a  short  time  two  large  coal 
bunkers  will  be  in  operation.  They 
will  have  facilities  for  loading  along- 
side the  dock,  or  from  barges  in  the 
stream  or  during  the  period  of  cargo 
unloading  of  grain,  clean  and  smutty. 
The  more  efficient  devices  for  the  un- 
loading and  loading  of  grain  are  em- 
ployed. In  fact,  the  St.  Johns  Ter- 
minal forms  one  of  the  most  complete 
and  efficient  grain-handling  plants  in 
the  world. 

Not  satisfied  with  the  great  step 
noted,  the  voters  of  Portland  in  No- 
vember, 1918,  approved  another  bond 
issue  of  $5,000,000,  which  will  be  used 
for  the  construction  of  a  series  of 
modern  wharves  and  warehouses,  lar- 
ger lumber  trans-shipment  docks,  a 
deeper  and  more  commodious  harbor, 
the  construction  of  another  large  dry- 
dock,  one  of  12,000  tons  capacity,  coal 
bunkers  and  stream  loading  facilities, 
shop  repair  plant's  and  other  port  im- 
provements. 

(To  be  Continued) 


July    19  19 


107 


Misconception  About  Russia 

Noted    Author   and    Traveller    Seeks  To  Disabuse  the  Public  Mind  of  the 
Caricature  Perpetrated  Against  An   Innocent   People 


THE  people  of  the  United  States 
have  an  affection  for  Russia  that 
cannot  be  explained  except  on  grounds 
of  ethnological  similarity.  There  is 
very  little  in  common  politically  or  in 
an  educational  sense  to  explain  this 
historic  and  deeply  rooted  admiration. 
It  springs  from  the  existence  of  com- 
mon social  problems  which  is  most 
clearly  expressed  in  the  idea  of  each 
people  being  the  melting  pot  of  an 
heterogeneous  aggregation  of  many 
races.  And,  in  this  similarity  of  prob- 
lem, a  sympathetic  union  of  aspiration 
has  been  developed  into  the  cordial 
respect  of  America  for  •  the  national 
aspirations  of  the  Russian  people. 

This  underlying  and  attractive  force 
of  social  and  intellectual  amalgam  has 
many  elements  of  dissimilarity,  how- 
ever, that  possess  an  opposite  effect  to 
that  which  is  eminently  desirable.  And 
these  usually  originate  in  the  miscon- 
ceptions of  Americans  themselves  con- 
cerning the  character  and  characteris- 
tics of  the  Russian  race.  Nor  are  the 
American  people  entirely  responsible 
for  this.  They  have  accepted,  in  this 
respect,  the  interpretation  of  Russia 
from  the  Russian  artist,  scholar,  states- 
man and  gens  d'lettres,  and  carried 
the  image  thus  presented,  as  a  correct 
and  proper  portraiture. 

Point      Is      Illustrated 
By  Two  Famous  Vases 

I  may  illustrate  this  point  by  re- 
ferring to  the  lesson  given  a  traveler 
from  an  examination  of  those  two  cele- 
brated vases  in  the  Museum  of  the 
Hermitage  at  St.  Petersburg  before 
the  recent  unhappy  war.  One  was  the 
silver  vase  of  Nicopol  belonging  to 
the  fourth  century  before  Christ.  It 
represented  the  Scythian  horseman, 
with  long  flowing  beard,  broad  fea- 
tures and  warlike  attitude,  and  de- 
lineated in  the  observer's  mind  the 
picture  of  ferocity  which  the  historian, 
Herodotus,  has  given  to  the  world  of 
the  early  inhabitants  of  Russia. 
The  other  was  the  golden  vase  rep- 
esenting  the  royal  cast  of  Scythian 
nomad  and  brigand.  These  two  pic- 
tures have  imparted  a  misleading  les- 
son to  the  entire  Western  world  and 
are  doubtless  the  basis  of  many  mis- 
conceptions that  exist  today  concern- 
ing the  authentic  characteristics  of  the 
Russian  people.  For,  it  must  be  re- 
membered, Herodotus  was  a  very  cir- 
cumstantial historian.  He  pictured 
the  Scythian  as  worshiping  the  sword, 
driven  into  the  ground  and  bathed 
with    the    blood    of    human    sacrifice. 


By  WM.  RUTLEDGE  McGARRY 
(From  the  Russian  Edition  of 
Siberian  Opportunities) 
— o — 
They   were   pictured,    like   our   Amer- 
ican red  Indians,  as  scalping  their  vic- 
tims   and    drinking    blood    from    the 
skulls  of  the  slaughtered  innocents. 

He  pictured  for  posterity  the  Isse- 
dones,  who  devoured  their  parents 
with  ceremonious  pomp ;  the  one-eyed 
Arimaspians;  the  snub-nosed  and  bald- 
headed  Argippi;  the  Agathirsi,  who 
held  their  wives  in  common;  the  Neuri 
who  annually  became  werewolves;  and 
the  frosty  Hyperboreans  who  repre- 
sented all  that  was  horrid  to  the  imag- 
inative mind.  With  such  a  picture, 
suggested  by  the  Father  of  History, 
and  apparently  preserved  in  the  art 
of  Russia  itself,  the  fundamental 
image  the  world  has  inherited  of  the 
Russian  race  has  been  the  one  accepted 
and  unconsciously  perpetuated  in  the 
minds  of  men. 

Problem     of     Russia 
Similar  To  Our  Own 

I  have  always  regarded  this  as  a 
very  great  injustice;  and  for  many 
years  I  have  been  trying  to  disabuse 
the  world  from  this  horrid  and  con- 
temptible caricature  and  libel.  I  have 
attempted  to  point  out  the  problem  of 
Russia  in  the  Caucasus,  so  similar  to 
our  own,  in  assimilating  different 
races  in  the  midst  of  the  most  tumul- 
tuous migrations  of  peoples  during  the 
early  Christian  era  where  the  native 
Russian  absorbed  them  all,  and  was 
assimilated  by  none — illustrating  the- 
law,  as  valid  in  history  as  elsewhere, 
of  the  survival  of  the  fittest  race. 

It  would  take  several  volumes  to  re- 
view all  that  I  have  said  upon  this 
subject  to  give  a  clearer  and  better 
conception  to  my  countrymen  of  what 
Russia  is  and  actually  means  to  future 
civilization.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  in 
this  short  sketch,  that  the  people  of 
the  United  States  have  accepted  my 
interpretation  of  the  Russia  of  today 
and  the  future,  if  its  destiny  be  guided 
right. 

We  are  quite  willing  to  assist 
Asiatic  Russia  towards  its  wonderful 
self-enfoldment  if  our  own  ideas  of 
orderly  and  regulated  progress  be  of 
any  value  to  them.  We  are  a  demo- 
cratic country.  We  believe  in  law  and 
education.  We  know  from  genera- 
tions of  experiments  and  experience 
what  our  system  of  government  has 
done  for  us.  We  have  before  us 
everywhere  positive  and  concrete  ex- 


amples of  the  efficiency  of  individual 
enterprise  in  developing  our  country 
from  a  clutter  of  rudimentary  pioneers 
into  the  wealthiest  and  most  progres- 
sive industrial  people  of  the  whole 
world. 

We  have  no  revolutions — because  we 
know  that  revolutions  can  achieve 
only  one  thing,  namely,  give  to  the 
people  the  right  of  self  government; 
and  this  we  have  in  the  ballot.  We 
make  and  unmake  our  governors  and 
legislators,  enact  and  repeal  our  laws 
with  ease  and  celerity,  and  always 
without  violence.  We  do  not  believe 
in  militarism  nor  the  slaughter  of  hu- 
man beings  to  promote  the  cause  of 
humanity. 

We  Do  It  By  Ballot 
And     By     Education 

We  do  it  by  the  ballot.  We  do  it 
in  our  schools.  We  believe  in  and  we 
insist  on  universal  education,  the  very 
thing  that  Russia  has  always  craved 
and  now  requires  more  than  ever  to 
achieve  her  glorious  resurrection  and 
give  an  impetus  to  her  onward  step 
toward  prosperity  and  international 
tranquility.  We  believe  in  railroads 
as  the  only  thing  that  will  develop 
new  wealth  and  relieve  the  world  from 
poverty. 

In  our  country  our  railroads  are 
the  underlying  cause  for  our  develop- 
ing an  annual  commerce  of  nearly  two 
hundred  billions  a  year,  in  comparison 
with  only  forty-five  billions  for  the 
rest  of  the  entire  world  as  interna- 
tionally expressed  in  figures  and  ex- 
change. And  we  build  our  railroads 
better  and  cheaper  than  any  other  race 
of  men  on  earth.  Wherever  we  have 
built  the  railroads,  we  have  saved  the 
people  from  $10,000  to  $100,000  a  mile, 
and  thus  relieved  them  from  a  burden 
of  taxation  that  has  been  imposed  by 
other  countries  to  keep  the  people  in 
subjugation  and  penury  and  want. 
And  we  have  done  all  this  in  the 
democratic  and  individual  method 
without  violence  or  socialistic  mad- 
ness. 

If  there  be  a  message  of  light  and 
progress  that  I  can  send  to  the  people 
of  Asiatic  Russia  in  any  of  my  writ- 
ings, it  is  to  be  found  in  what  I  have 
always  said  which  may  be  reduced  to 
this:  Educate  your  people  by  a  system 
of  free  schools ;  imitate  the  American 
system  of  government  in  its  constitu- 
tional safe  guards  respecting  liberty 
and  human  rights;  build  your  rail- 
roads in  the  American  way  so  as  to 
gain  speed  and  carrying  power  at  the 

(Continued  on  page  118) 


108 


Pan  Pacific 


Capital  Must  Lead 

Bankers,    Merchants    and    Manufacturers    Should 
Co-operate  in  Development  of  Overseas  Commerce 


IT  is  now  an  accepted  fact  that  for- 
eign trade  for  the  United  States  is 
essential  to  our  prosperity.  The  last- 
ing result  will  depend  our  ability  to 
convince  bankers,  merchants  and 
manufacturers  that  they  must  co- 
operate in  making  full  use  of  our  na- 
tional resources,  whether  of  material, 
capital  or  credit.  Over  two-thirds  of 
our  visible  gold  reserve's  'are  accounted 
for  in  the  latest  combined  statements 
of  the  twelve  Reserve  Banks.  These 
gold  resources  aggregate  $2,210,524,- 
000. 

This  mobilization  of  gold,  the  build- 
ing up  of  reserves  in  banks,  and  in 
Federal  Reserve  Banks,  has  laid  the 
foundation  for  a  sound  credit  struc- 
ture. Owing  to  the  restrictions  that 
were  in  existence  prior  to  1913,  bank- 
ing and  commercial  interests  in  the 
United  States  were  greatly  handi- 
capped by  the  National  and  State 
banking  laws  which  had  been  in  force, 
with  only  slight  changes,  since  before 
the  Civil  War. 

As  those  of  you  know  who  are  fa- 
miliar with  the  import  business,  before 
the  Great  War,  if  you  wanted  to  buy 
goods  in  foreign  countries  it  was 
necessary  for  you  to  provide  credits 
that  called  for  payments  in  London, 
France  or  Germany.  Most  fortunately 
we  are  now  in  a  position  to  mobilize 
our  national  credit,  and  take  our 
proper  place  in  world  finance,  and  this 
is  possible  because  we  have  the  "Ac- 
ceptance," and  an  open  discount  mar- 
ket. 

Part  Banks  Must  Play 
Becoming    Recognized 

The  important  part  that  American 
banks  must  play  in  pioneering  the 
markets  of  the  world  is  fast  becoming 
recognized.  The  banks  have  already 
shouldered  the  responsibility,  and  are 
endeavoring  to  foster  and  encourage 
in  many  ways  the  active  entry  of  our 
goods  into  foreign  markets.  For  the 
past  400  years  exports  of  British  goods 
have  always  followed  the  exports  of 
British  capital.  This  is  the  secret  of 
success  and  permanent  and  lasting 
pre-eminence  in  foreign  markets. 

I  will  not  attempt  to  go  into  details 
of  the  relation  that  American  banks 
and  American  capital  in  foreign  coun- 
tries will  have  in  determining  the  fu- 
ture of  the  United  States  as  a  great 
export  nation.  Suffice  it  to  say  that 
if  our  capital  is  not  already  there,  it 
should  closely  follow  commerce;  and 
the  government  should  stand  firmly 
behind  our  citizens  in  foreign  lands, 
so  that  they  may  feel  confident  of  full 
national  protection  at  all  times. 


By  L.  R.  COFER 

Wells  Fargo  Nevada  National  Bank 
— o — 
The  demand  for  our  goods  during 
the  war  was  so  great  that  no  selling 
effort  was  necessary;  the  buyers  came 
begging  for  everything,  paid  any 
price,  and  on  any  terms,  with  the  re- 
sult that  most  of  our  exporters  refused 
to  move  merchandise  from  their  doors 
unless  they  were  in  possession  of  a 
bankers'  credit  confirmed  by  an  Amer- 
ican bank.  This  condition  has  al- 
ready changed,  and  the  situation  is 
practically  reversed. 

To  Sell  Goods  Abroad 
We   Must    Give    Credit 

To  sell  in  foreign  countries  we  must 
extend  credit;  this  is  not  essentially 
different  from  granting  credit  for 
domestic  trade,  but  it  requires  a  more 
complex  study.  A  good  definition  of 
credit  is  the  present  worth  of  future 
promise ;  once  extended,  the  next  step 
is  to  convert  the  future  promise  into 
immediate  cash. 

As  we  all  know,  anyone  entitled  to 
credit  is  worthy  of  the  best.  The  same 
methods  used  in  this  country  of  per- 
sonal knowledge  and  investigation  are 
excellent ;  where  this  is  not  convenient, 
or  possible,  the  best  way  is  to  get  in 
touch  with  a  bank  that  has  close  and 
old-established  connections  with  a 
first-class  local  foreign  institution,  in 
a  position,  and  willing,  to  furnish  full 
and  reliable  information.  And  the  ex- 
porter should  satisfy  himself  as  to  the 
nature  and  extent  of  credit  that  he  is 
willing  to  give,  which  sifts  itself  down 
to  the  following: 

1.  Obtain  a  confirmation  from 
an  American  bank  that  they 
will  pay  at  sight  or  accept  your 
time  drafts  against  documents. 

2.  Get  a  confirmed  credit  pro- 
viding for  the  exporter's  own 
draft  on  the  customer's  foreign 
bank. 

3.  Have  the  foreign  customer 
establish  a  cash  credit  with  a 
bank  here  which  would  be  avail- 
able here  against  shipping  docu- 
ments. 

4.  Ship  and  draw  on  the  cus- 
tomer, and  place  the  draft  and 
documents  for  collection  in  the 
hands  of  the  bank,  and  arrange 
for  this  to  serve  as  the  basis  of 
an  acceptance  credit,  so  that 
the  bank  will  accept  drafts  up 
to  90  days  sight  which  can  be 
readily  discounted  at  finer  rates 
than  would  be  possible  in 
straight  advances. 


L.    R.    COFER 

5.  Ship  and  draw  on  the  cus- 
tomer and  put  the  draft  and 
documents  •  through  a  bank  for 
collection  abroad  and  await  re- 
turns, or  where  satisfactory  ar- 
rangements are  made,  secure  an 
immediate  advance. 

6.  Ship  on  open  account  and 
await  remittances  from  the 
buyer. 

It  is  apparent  that  with  these  dif- 
ferent methods,  starting  with  the  con- 
firmed credit  and  practically  no  credit 
risk,  to  the  open  account,  with  a  di- 
rect credit  risk,  a  buyer  is  naturally 
going  to  take  advantage  of  the  closest 
terms,  so  if  all  the  credit  risk  is  put 
on  him,  the  seller  must  make  more  at- 
tractive prices,  or  bear  some  of  the 
burden  himself. 

The  extent  to  which  the  banker  can 
safely  enter  into  these  foreign  tran- 
sactions is  governed  chiefly  by  his  con- 
fidence in  a  customer,  but  he  must 
also,  for  their  mutual  protection,  have 
an  exact  and  intimate  knowledge  of 
the  condition  of  the  foreign  markets, 
and  know  something  of  the  standing 
and  financial  responsibility  of  the 
buyer,  which,  of  course,  is  only  pos- 
sible through  close  relationship  with 
a  local  foreign  banker  or  a  branch 
bank.  This,  in  a  general  way,  covers 
the  exporter. 

Let  us  now  see  what  help  can  be 
expected  by  our  importer,  who,  while 
perhaps  not  so  much  exploited  as  a 
national  necessity,  is  nevertheless  most 
vital  for  the  proper  balancing  of  our 
foreign  trade.  Before  the  war,  we 
were  much  larger  buyers  than  sellers ; 
but  now,  besides  being  the  creditor  of 
most  of  the  world,  we  must,  if  we  are 
to  keep  our  industry  in  full  swing, 
and  provide  wages  for  our  people  that 
will  permit  of  their  enjoyment  of  life, 
be  an  active  seller.  Our  imports 
should  be  in  raw  materials  not  pro- 
duced here. 

Probably  the  greatest  value  of  our 
imports  heretofore  was  in  the  nature 
of  manufactured  articles  from  Europe, 


July    19  19 


109 


We  Must  Give  Credit 

To  Sell  Goods  Abroad  We  Should  Make  It  As  Easy 
As  Possible  For  Foreign  Merchants  To  Buy  From  Us 


which  we  have  now  learned  to  produce 
here,  so  it  is  important  that  we  en- 
deavor to  attract  a  greater  variety  of 
raw  materials  than  we  have  heretofore 
found  necessary. 

As  our  previous  experience  has  been 
more  in  importing  than  exporting, 
there  is  a  greater  familiarity  in  the 
methods  of  buying  goods  than  selling. 
The  same  general  rules  of  credit  out- 
lined for  our  exporter  hold  true  for 
the  importer,  but  as  the  customer  of 
a  local  bank  you  will  be  more  inter- 
ested in  those  transactions  that  call 
for  a  bankers'  credit,  so  I  will  briefly 
detail  a  typical  service. 

Bankers '   Credits 
For  the  Importer 

The  importer  possibly  already  has 
some  acquaintance  in  the  foreign  mar- 
ket, and  has  received  an  offer,  but  the 
financial  responsibility  of  the  custo- 
mer is  not  known  to  him.  By  appli- 
cation to  his  bank,  providing  that  in- 
stitution has  the  proper  facilities,  he 
can  immediately,  or  within  a  few  days, 
if  it  is  necessary  to  cable,  secure  a 
complete  report.  This  knowledge  of 
the  standing  and  responsibility  of  the 
shipper  is  most  essential,  where  a 
hanker 's  credit  is  furnished,  for,  this 
instrument  is  one  that  is  irrevocable, 
that  is,  it  cannot  be  cancelled  without 
the  consent  of  the  beneficiary,  and  as 
the  terms  calls  for  general  shipping 
documents  it  is  possible  for  an  un- 
scrupulous shipper  to  make  dishonest 
use  of  a  credit. 

Assuming  that  everything  is  satis- 
factory, the  merchant  makes  applica- 
tion to  his  bank  for  a  letter  of  credit 
that  will  enable  him  to  be  assured  that 
the  -merchandise  will  arrive,  and  give 
him  time  to  turn  it  over.  The  credit 
is  issued  in  terms  that  authorize  the 
drafts  of  the  beneficiary  on  the  bank, 
and  provides  for  a  draft  at  90  days 
light,  accompanied  by  full  shipping 
documents   which   the   bank   agrees   to 

I or    if    presented    within    specified 

time. 

This  credit  reaches  the  party  on  the 
other  side,  who,  after  he  has  shipped, 
takes  his  draft,  accompanied  by  docu- 
ments in  terms  of  the  credit  and  of- 
fers it  for  sale  to  his  own  bank,  or  as 
is  often  the  case,  to  the  bank  that  is 
then  bidding  the  best  rate  for  that 
class  of  exchange;  and  here  we  come 
to  the  present  benefits  of  the  accept- 
ance and  the  discount  market.  For 
the  foreign  bank  knows  from  cable  or 
other  advices,  what  the  discount  rates 
in  the  United  States  are,  and  can 
make  a  rate  for  buying  the  90  days 
sight   draft   based   on,   say   4%%    per 


annum,  and  so  only  charges  approxi- 
mately this  figure  in  basing  his  calcu- 
lation. 

Prior  to  the  general  use  of  accept- 
ances and  the  discount  market,  the 
foreign  banker  would  make  a  rate 
usually  based  on  his  own  overdraft 
rate,  or  possibly  on  a  rate  for  the  same 
kind  of  advances  in  this  country, 
which  is  nearer  6%.  As  England, 
France,  etc.,  always  had  a  discount 
market,  you  can  readily  see  the  dis- 
crimination that  was  formerly  made 
against  a  dollar  bill  drawn  at  other 
than  sight  in  favor  of  sterling,  francs, 
etc. 


sented  and  paid  by  the  bank,  who  in 
turn   recovers  from   their  customer. 

A  local  bank  of  course  enters  into  a 
transaction  if  the  foreign  merchant 
draws  against  draft  and  documents.  In 
either  instance  it  is  customary  for  the 
foreign  bank  sending  the  draft  to  re- 
quest that  the  bill  be  discounted  and 
his  account  credited  immediately,  both 
classes  of  paper  being  discountable, 
but  the  banker's  acceptance,  of  course, 
commanding  a  finer  rate  than  the  mer- 
chant's acceptance. 

While  this  may  apparently  have  lit- 
tle direct  interest  for  our  local  mer- 
chants, it  is  really  of  the  greatest  im- 
portance that  foreign  banks  should 
know  that  they  may  buy  any  class  of 
marketable  paper  and  feel  sure  that 
they  can  on  arrival  immediately  dis- 
pose of  it  at  a  price  which  will  com- 
pare favorably  with  other  discount 
markets  and  not  entail  the  lock-up  of 
their  funds  after  the  merchandise  has 
arrived. 


HEAD   OFFICE   OF   THE   ASIA    BANKING    CORPORATION    IN    THE    FAR    EAST,    SHANGHAI 


When  the  merchandise  arrives  in 
this  country,  the  bill  drawn  at  ninety 
days  sight  is  presented  to  the  bank 
issuing  the  credit,  who,  in  return  for 
their  acceptance  receive  the  docu- 
ments, which  are  delivered  to  the  mer- 
chant against  his  trust  receipt,  ware- 
house receipt,  or  some  other  satisfac- 
tory arrangement.  At  the  end  of 
ninety   days   the    draft   is    again   pre- 


lt  is  important  to  distinguish  be- 
tween the  trade  acceptance  and  the 
bankers'  aceptance.  The  former  is  a 
bill  of  exchange  or  a  draft  drawn 
upon  and  accepted  by  a  merchant;  the 
latter  is  a  bill  of  exchange  or  a  draft 
drawn  up  and  accepted  by  a  banker. 
They  both  have  a  valuable  part  in 
fully  extending  our  national  credit 
structure. 


110 


A  WONDERFUL  OPPORTUNITY 


San  Francisco  is  confronted  with  her  greatest 
opportunity.  If  she  grasps  it  these  things  will 
ensue : 

Fame  and  Fortune  for  this  port. 

A  Square  Deal  for  this  Coast. 

Unquestioned  Leadership  in  Pan  Pacific  trade. 

*       #       * 

IN  the  Spring  of  1920  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Con- 
vention will  he  held  in  San  Francisco.  It  will  he  a 
momentous  gathering.  Billions  of  dollars  will  he  repre- 
sented. The  BIG  men  of  the  United  States  will  he  here. 
And  they  will  discuss  PAN  PACIFIC  COMMERCE. 

But  what  is  Pan  Pacific  commerce?  And  why  "Pan 
Pacific?" 

Manifestly  it  is  an  acknowledgement  of  the  potency  of 
the  market  which  this  magazine  has  heen  developing  in 
behalf  of  American  merchandise  in  all  countries  bordering 
the  Pacific  Ocean.  It  is  a  recognition  of  the  facts  brought 
home  to  all  alert  business  men  by  PAN  PACIFIC,  which 
have  revealed  the  magnitude  of  the  commercial  possibilities 
which  lie  in  the  direction  of  the  setting  sun. 

To  the  west  of  San  Francisco  reside  HALF  THE 
HUMAN  RACE.  To  the  south  are  nearly  100,000,000  more 
aspiring  human  appetitites.  And,  due  to  insufficient  trans- 
portation facilities  in  these  vast  uncultivated  regions, 
BILLIONS  in  wealth  annually  GO  TO  WASTE. 

A  three  hundred  billion  dollar  earning  capacity  and  a 
consequent  purchasing  power  of  a  similar  amount  lies 
slumbering  in  a  hungry  calm.  To  SAVE  this  waste,  to 
DEVELOP  this  purchasing  power,  to  ADD  it  to  the  world's 
creative  energy  will  be  the  business  of  the  Convention  of 
1920! 

That  will  be  BIG  BUSINESS ! 

It  will  be  the  BIGGEST  BUSINESS  ever  tackled   by 
any  convention  in  the  history  of  the  world. 
'But  it  must  be  tackled  RIGHT! 

And  it  cannot  be  tackled  right  unless  there  is  represen- 
tation at  that  convention  or  AT  A  CONVENTION  of  all 
the  elements  concerned  in  PAN  PACIFIC  AWAKENING! 

And  that  brings  us  to  the  point  of  San  Francisco's 
OPPORTUNITY ! 

The  1920  assembly,  strictly  speaking,  will  be  a  national 
convention.  The  rules  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade 
Council  may  not  provide  for  international  discussions, 
save  among  its  own  members.  That  clearly  leaves  the 
way  open  to  San  Francisco  to  disclose  her  genius,  her 
right  to  leadership,  her  mastery  of  WORLD  OPPOR- 
TUNITY. 

Let  San  Francisco  issue  a  call  for  and  organize 
a  PAN  PACIFIC  CONVENTION  to  run  concur- 
rently with  or  immediately  follow  the  national 
convention,  the  dates  of  which  are  May  12  to  16, 
1920! 


There  never  again  may  be  such  a  Golden  Opportunity — 
in  fact,  there  never  again  CAN  be  such  an  opportunity,  so 
far  as  San  Francisco  and  the  Pacific  Coast  are  concerned. 
For  the  longer  the  world's  most  potential  market  is 
neglected  the  more  firmly  will  other  competitors  be  en- 
trenched and  the  more  difficult  will  it  be  for  the  United 
States  to  successfully  campaign  for  the  honors  and  the 
profits  which  now  may  be  had  almost  for  the  asking. 

A  PAN  PACIFIC  CONGRESS  in  San  Francisco  in  May, 
1920,  besides  winning  a  vast  trade  for  this  country,  will 
give  to  this  port  a  world  prestige  that  could  not  be  at- 
tained by  any  other  means  in  a  score  of  years  and  will 
immediately  establish  the  standing  of  the  Pacific  Coast  as 
chief  salesman  in  the  Pan  Pacific  field. 

It  will  furnish  a  clearing  house  for  international  ideas 
along  commercial  lines  and  lay  the  foundation  for  bestow- 
ing upon  the  peoples  of  other  countries  a  policy  of  con- 
structive energy  that  will  lift  half  the  human  race  into 
contact  with  prosperity  and  domestic  happiness. 

It  will  awaken  the  human  intellect  everywhere  to  the 
advantages  gained  by  AMERICAN  methods  in  the  distri- 
bution of  wealth  and  the  achievements  that  lie  in  the  wake 
of  honest  compensation  for  energetic  toil. 

It  will  reveal  to  the  world  that  America  is  able  and  will- 
ing and  eager  to  assist  in  the  elevation  of  ALL  the  human 
race,  and  if  it  accomplishes  nothing  more  than  merely  to 
indicate  these  facts  and  demonstrate  how  easily  they  can 
be  achieved  it  will  do  more  to  direct  human  effort  in  the 
right  lines  than  any  other  gathering  in  the  history  of  men. 

A  WONDERFUL  OPPORTUNITY  confronts  San  Fran- 
cisco.    It  would  be  almost  CRIMINAL  TO  NEGLECT  IT! 

A  CALL  TO  THE  BANKERS  OF  AMERICA      • 

THE  bankers  of  America  must  take  their  stand  in  for- 
eign trade.  It  took  a  banker  of  vision  and  nerve  to 
tell  this  to  the  faces  of  five  hundred  other  bankers  in  a 
bunch  and  get  away  with  it.  But  the  banker  of  vision  and 
nerve  turned  up  in  the  person  of  the  State  Superintendent 
of  Banks  in  California  and  the  telling  was  done  in  the  con- 
vention of  the  California  Bankers'  Association  on  Catalina 
Island. 

It  was  easily  the  foreign  trade  address  of  the 
month. 
"With  the  manufacturer  and  the  exporter,  you,  the 
bankers  of  America,  must  take  your  stand,"  declared 
Charles  F.  Stern  in  the  soft  breezes  of  Catalina.  Then  he 
masterfully  summed  up  the  whole  situation  in  this  simple 
and  direct  way : 

Money  talks  all  languages;  but  successful 
American  foreign  trade  must  be  based  on  the 
American  dollar  as  a  standard  of  exchange  and 
financed  by  American  bankers  through  branches 
on  foreign  soil. 
In  elucidation  the  State  Superintendent  of  Banks  shot 
this  across  and  drew  applause: 


CONFRONTS  SAN   FRANCISCO 


"The  nation  that  would  sell  must  surely  buy;  the  tide 
of  commerce  cannot  flow  continually  one  way.  At  our 
doors  and  ready  at  our  hand,  if  we  will,  is  the  South  Amer- 
ican trade.  Do  you  realize  the  fabulous  potential  wealth 
and  buying  capacity  of  South  America?  Do  you  realize 
that  the  development  of  that  potential  field  lies  largely 
in  our  own  hands?  The  problems  of  developing  South 
America  are  the  problems  that  we  have  faced  and  are  fac- 
ing—PROBLEMS  INSEPARABLE  FROM  THOSE  OP 
FINANCE. 

"Public  utilities  must  be  financed  and  developed;  irri- 
gation, reclamation  and  subdivision  projects  are  waiting 
there  to  pay  royal  tribute  to  the  wealth  that  brings  them 
into  fruition. 

"The  nation  that  is  the  preferred  competitor  for  South 
America's  business  will  be  the  nation  that  with  the  one 
hand  sells  and  with  the  other  finances  the  internal  develop- 
ment of  South  America,  which  alone  can  make  possible  an 
increase  in  her  buying  capacity.  This  means  that  Amer- 
ican capital,  through  American  banks  and  American  invest- 
ment companies,  must,  as  part  of  their  broader  commercial 
campaign,  look  to  the  broader  fields  of  the  buying  nations 
for  long-time  investments." 

It  is  a  call  to  arms  to  the  bankers  of  America  to  do 
their  part  in  the  development  of  overseas  commerce.  The 
eyes  of  the  world  are  upon  us ;  every  nation  owes  us 
money;  every  market  looks  to  us  for  supplies.  The  world 
is  ours— if  the  bankers  help— but  the  BANKERS  MUST 
HELP ! 

WHERE  AMERICA  FALLS  DOWN 

A  CHINESE  writer  thus  summarizes  the  chief  reasons 
for  the  alleged  failure    of    American    merchants    to 
compete  with  those  of  other  nations  in  the  trade  of  China : 
Lack  of  shipping  facilities. 
Lack  of  financial  institutions. 
Lack  of  investment  companies. 
Lack  of  American  organizations. 
Lack  of  organizations  of  exporters. 
Lack  of  consistent  government  support. 
Lack  of  studying  the  market. 
Lack  of  adaptation  to  local  demand. 
"This  really  is  a  terrible  indictment  of  American  busi- 
ness perspicacity,"  comments  the  San  Francisco    Bulletin, 
and  adds:  "But  its  unfortunate  part  is  its  apparent  truth. 
The  Chinese  field,  like  the  entire  Pan-Pacific  field,  has  been 
•so  long  neglected  by  American  businessmen  that  competing 
nations  have  had  no  difficulty    in    walking    off    with    the 
honors  and  the  profits." 

WHY  NOT  PAN  PACIFIC  TOO? 

AT  the  recent  Pan  American  convention  in  Washington 
assurance  was  given  by  the  United  States  Shipping 
Board  that  new  fleets  of  great  liners  would  shortly  be 
placed  in  the  runs  between  the  principal  ports  of  North 
and  South  America  along  both  seaboards. 


A  pledge  that  no  expense  would  be  spared  to  create  a 
cable  service  between  the  United  States,  Central  and  South 
America  which  would  be  the  equal  of  any  in  the  world  was 
made  by  John  L.  Merrill,  president  of  the  All-America 
Cables. 

Frank  B.  Noyes,  president  of  the  Associated  Press,  told 
the  conference  the  exchange  of  "true,  ungarbled  and  un- 
biased news"  between  the  North  and  South  American  con- 
tinents, now  being  brought  about  by  the  membership  of 
South  American  newspapers  in  the  organization,  would  be 
"more  effectual  in  cultivating  and  maintaining  the  rela- 
tions of  friendship  and  affection  that  should  exist  between 
the  two  continents  of  this  hemisphere  than  all  the  propa- 
ganda that  could  be  fed  out  by  all  the  publicity  agents  that 
could  be  put  to  work." 

Among  other  constructive  features  discussed  or  planned 
for  by  the  convention  were  the  following : 

Establishment  of  a  common  code  of  business 
methods  among  the  republics  of  the  Americas. 

Working  out  of  satisfactory  financial  arrange- 
ments with  Latin-American  republics  who  now 
turn  to  the  United  States  for  the  capital  which 
Europe  no  longer  is  in  a  position  to  supply. 

International  agreements  looking  to  the  protec- 
tion of  patents,  trademarks  and  copyrights. 

Extension  of  trade  through  standardization 
and  improvement  of  the  parcels  post. 

Improvement  of  consular  offices,  standardiza- 
tion of  consular  invoices  and  fees,  and  annulling 
of  local  laws  and  tariffs  detrimental  to  general 
trade  expansion. 

Extension  of  railroad  and  aviation  communica- 
tion between  all  North  and  Latin-American  re- 
publics. 

Improvement  of  banking  facilities  of  the 
United  States  in  Latin-American  republics. 

More  complete  and  systematic  interchange  of 
publicity  and  news  between  the  republics  involved. 

Increased  study  in  the  United  States  of  Spanish 
and  Portuguese  languages  and  of  the  geograph- 
ical and  political  economy  of  Latin-American 
countries. 

A  strong  general  support  in  behalf  of  the  sec- 
ond Pan-American  financial  congress  called  by  the 
Pan-American  Union  for  1920. 
This   program  is   heartily   endorsed   by   this   magazine, 
but  the  suggestion  is  offered  that  a  similar  program  in  be- 
half of  PAN  PACIFIC  trade  would  bring  even  quicker  and 
greater  results  than  may  be  looked  for  in  the  Pan  Amer- 
ican field. 


112 


Pan   Pacific 


What  Are  We  To  Do  With  Our  Ships? 

Head    of    Great    American    Manufacturing    Concern    Discusses    the    Problem    of 
the  Merchant   Marine   In  Relation  To  Foreign  Trade 


IN  1915,  owing  to  the  adverse  ship- 
ping laws  and  the  generally  un- 
favorable attitude  of  the  United  States 
Government  for  many  years,  our  flag 
had  practically  disappeared  from  the 
seas  except  in  local  and  coastwise  ser- 
vice. It  was  late  in  that  year  that 
the  purchase  of  the  ships  of  the  Pa- 
cific Mail  Steamship  Company  by  the 
American  International  Corporation 
prevented  the  disbandment  of  the  only 
fleet  of  considerable  size  under  our 
flag  on  the  Pacific  Ocean. 

This  marked  the  real  turning  point 
in  the  decadence  of  our  merchant  ma- 
rine in  foreign  trade,  for  in  1916  the 
United  States  Shipping  Board  was 
created  by  Congressional  action  and 
$50,000,000  appropriated  to  build  and 
acquire  ships  for  the  United  States 
Government.  The  original  plans  of 
the  Shipping  Board  have  been  enor- 
mously expanded  and  to  date  upwards 
of  $3,000,000,000  have  been  appropri- 
ated and  over  800  ship  building  yards 
employed  —  many  of  them  newly 
created  and  some  of  unprecedented 
size  and  resources — until  today  the 
United  States  is  well  under  way  in  the 
creation  and  operation  of  the  largest 
maritime  program  ever  undertaken  by 
any  nation,  and  one  which  bids  fair 
to  make  our  merchant  fleet,  if  not  the 
largest  at  least  the  equal  of  that  of 
any  nation. 

U.  S.  Merchant  Fleet 
Must    Be    Completed 

This  great  merchant  fleet  must  be 
completed  regardless  of  the  signing  of 
peace.  Our  country  must  face  the 
possibility  of  war  in  the  future,  for 
which  we  will  need  ships  to  furnish 
transport  service,  preserve  trade  bal- 
ances and  keep  our  foreign  trade. 
These  ships,  largely  built  by  the  Gov- 
ernment and  adapted  to  war  needs  in 
case  of  necessity,  must  be  maintained 
and  kept  at  high  efficiency  at  any  cost. 

Having  an  adequate  fleet  under  our 
flag  and  laying  aside  for  the  moment 
the  fact  that  this  fleet  is  owned  by  the 
Government,  what  other  things  are 
essential  to  the  full  development  of 
our  foreign  trade? 

FIRST— This  great  fleet  must  be  ad- 
equately manned. 

During  the  war  these  vessels  will  be 
entirely  used  by  the  United  States 
Government  and  therefore  will  form 
a  part  of  the  U.  S.  Navy  and  Army 
Transport  Service.  As  such  they  will 
be  manned  by  our  young  enlisted  men, 
who  will  thus  be  trained  as  sailors  in 
much  greater  numbers  than  would 
otherwise  be  possible,  and  while  many 


By  E.  M.  HERR 

President,  Westinghouse  Electric 
&  Manufacturing  Co. 
— o — 
will  return  to  other  avocations  at  the 
termination  of  the  war,  a  large  num- 
ber will  still  be  available  for  the  man- 
ning  of  these   ships   in   export   trade. 
Many  of  the  sailors  of  other  nations, 
whose  marine  trade  has  to  a  greater 
or  less  extent  been  injured  by  the  rav- 
ages  of  the   great   war,   will   also   be 
available,  so  that  it  would  seem  reason- 
able to  expect  no  very  great  difficulty 
in  manning  our  new  merchant  fleet. 

SECOND— Will  money  be  available 
to  adequately  finance  this  expansion 
of  overseas  transportation  on  which 
we  are  now  embarking? 

Has  Greatest  Command 
of  Financial  Resources 

There  is  no  doubt  that  the  ending 
of  the  war  will  not  only  leave  the 
United  States  the  greatest  creditor 
nation  on  earth,  but  also  the  nation 
with  the  greatest  command  of  finan- 
cial resources.  It  should,  therefore, 
be  entirely  possible  and  perhaps  com- 
paratively easy  to  arrange  the  finan- 
cial resources  necessary  for  the  con- 
duct of  this  great  business. 

With  the  ships,  the  men  and  the 
money  provided,  we  are  still  face  to 
face  with  the  all-important  problem 
of  the  proper  utilization  of  our  great 
fleet  after  the  war.  It  is  impossible 
to  discuss  this  problem  broadly  within 
the  limits  of  this  article,  not  only  on 
account  of  its  vast  extent,  but  also 
because  of  its  many  ramifications  and 
manifold  angles  of  approach. 

The  American  manufacturers  are, 
however,  so  vitally  interested  in  the 
successful  solution  of  this  problem 
and  their  interests  so  closely  reflect 
the  interests  of  the  nation  itself,  that 
it  is  from  this — the  manufacturer's 
point  of  view — that  I  shall  attempt 
a  brief  review  of  this  important  sub- 
ject. What  then  is  the  paramount  in- 
terest of  the  American  manufacturer 
in  the  proper  utilization  of  the  mer- 
chant marine  of  the  United  States 
after  the  signing  of  peace?  Manifestly, 
cheap  and  efficient  transportation  in 
these  ships  of  raw  and  manufactured 
products — or,  in  other  words,  favor- 
able freight  rates  and  how  they  can 
best  be  attained  in  foreign  trade — 
brings  up  at  once  the  question  whether 
the  operation  of  these  ships  shall  be 
under  Government  or  private  owner- 
ship. 


Government  ownership  of  transpor- 
tation facilities  has  never  brought 
cheap  rates  and  efficient  service  and, 
in  my  judgment,  never  will — especially 
under  a  republican  form  of  Govern- 
ment, or  in  fact  any  form  of  Govern- 
ment now  to  be  considered.  Why 
Government  ownership  is  inefficient 
has  been  so  thoroughly  discussed  and 
clearly  explained  that  it  is  unneces- 
sary to  repeat  the  argument. 

Government       Ownership 
Will  Not  Cheapen  Rates 

We  must,  therefore,  turn  to  private 
ownership  for  the  successful  operation 
of  our  merchant  ships.  Under  private 
ownership,  for  successful  results  our 
present  shipping  laws  must  be  modi- 
fied and  adjusted  to  the  needs  of  over- 
seas traffic,  so  that  our  ships  can  be 
manned  and  operated  in  competition 
with  those  of  other  nations.  This 
means  the  repeal  of  the  La  Follette 
Seaman's  Act  and  the  enactment  of 
such  new  legislation  as  the  necessities 
of  our  competition  may  require. 

To  do  this  wisely  will  mean  much 
careful  study.  Let  us  endeavor  to 
shape  this  legislation  so  that  while 
fair,  even  liberal,  to  American  labor, 
it  will  place  no  embargo  on  the .  em- 
ployment of  such  foreign  labor  as 
may  be  necessary  on  our  ships  to  en- 
able them  to  be  successfully  operated. 
The  higher  wages  and  better  condi- 
tions which  our  labor  will  undoubt- 
edly demand  need  not  be  a  bar  to 
cheap  transportation  and  effective 
competition  with  foreign  shipping. 
Improved  Facilities 
Will  Bring  Economy 

In  order  that  this  may  result,  how- 
ever, we  must  manage  our  ships  in  a 
way  to  take  advantage  of  thorough 
organization  and  co-operation  in  the 
American  way.  As  an  example,  our 
railroads  pay  the  highest  wages  and 
use  the  most  expensive  cars  and  en- 
gines of  any  railroads  in  the  world 
and  yet  they  receive  the  lowest  rates 
and  handle  their  freight  and  passen- 
gers far  more  economically  and  effi- 
ciently than  the  railroads  of  any  other 
nation. 

When  plans  now  being  considered 
are  fully  worked  out  our  railroad 
transportation,  again  under  private 
ownership,  will  be  still  more  econom- 
ically and  efficiently  handled. 

So  with  our  merchant  marine,  al- 
ready by  improvements  in  dock  facili- 
ties and  better  methods  of  handling, 
our  ships  in  the  transport  service  have 
shortened  the  time  of  a  round  trip  to 

(Continued  on  page  118) 


July    19  19 


113 


yhcfrWhd^j^P^ftdfic 


EDWARD  COOKINGHAM 

'THOUSANDS  of  Edward  Cooking- 

■*■  ham's  friends  have  their  own 
definition  of  his  importance  to  the 
Pacific  Northwest,  to  Oregon  and  to 
Portland  as  a  banker,  Liberty  Loan 
chairman  and  port  leader,  but  they  all 
subscribe  to  the  telegraphed  tribute 
from  Woodrow  Wilson,  President  of 
the  United  States,  accorded  him  at  the 
close  of  the  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  cam- 
paign ; 

"Edward  Cookingham,  leader  in 
making  patriotic  purpose  speak  in 
prompt  and  definite  action." 

News  of  Mr.  Cookingham 's  recent 
election  to  the  presidency  of  the  great 
La  dd  &  Tilton  Bank  of  Portland 
caused  profound  interest  among  the 
banking  and  business  circles  of  the 
Pacific  Coast.  Born  in  Albany,  New 
York,  in  1861,  he  began  his  financial 
career  at  the  age  of  6  years  as  a  ven- 
dor of  newspapers. 

He  graduated  from  Albany  High 
School  at  the  age  of  16  and  after  a 
few  years  of  business  experience  in 
Albany,  he  became  interested  in  the 
beckoning  opportunities  of  the  west 
and  removed  to  Portland  in  1882. 

His  first  work  in»  Oregon  was  with 
the  executive  department  of  the 
Oregon  Railroad  &  Navigation  Com- 
pany. Subsequently  he  became  cash- 
ier of  the  old  Commercial  National 
Bank  of  Portland.  He  has  been  con- 
tinuously associated  with  the  Ladd  & 
Tilton  Bank  since  1897,  and  in  the 
noted  banking  institution  and  the  com- 
munity of  which  it  is  so  important  a 
part  he  has  found  expression  for  un- 
common financial  ability  and  unsur- 
passed public  spirit.  His  election  as 
president  of  Ladd  &  Tilton  came  as  a 
recognition  of  long-sustained,  ener- 
getic and  capable  service. 

Mr.  Cookingham  has  been  promi- 
nently identified  with  the  Portland 
Chamber  of  Commerce  and  the  public 
activities  of  this  and  other  civic  or- 
gai i izations.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Arlington,  Multnomah  and  Waverley 
Country  Clubs  of  Portland. 

He  has  performed  no  greater  ser- 
vice to  the  community  nor  to  his 
■country  than  as  chairman  of  the  Ex- 
ecutive Committee  of  the  Oregon  Lib- 
erty Loan  Organization  for  the  Third 
and  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  drives.  Un- 
der his  leadership  Oregon  was  one  of 


EDWARD    COOKINGHAM 


the  first  states  in  the  Union  to  go 
over  the  top  with  substantial  over- 
subscriptions which  have  added  much 
to  Oregon's  proud  record  in  patriotic 
causes.  At  the  close  of  the  Fourth 
Liberty  Loan  campaign  workers  pre- 
sented him  with  a  handsome  cup  upon 
which  was  engraved  the  tribute  from 
President  Wilson  which  already  has 
been  quoted. 

Mr.  Cookingham  is  devoting  his 
thought  and  effort  to  the  restoration 
of  Portland  as  a  port  to  a  position  in 
the  world  of  commerce  and  shipping 
which  the  city  formerly  occupied  and 
to  which   it  is  again   entitled  on   the 


basis  of  its  strategically  geographic  lo- 
cation and  the  rich  resources  of  its 
hinterland.  With  other  constructive 
thinkers  and  workers  in  Portland  he 
is  advocating  and  planning  large  pro- 
grams for  the  increase  of  port  facili- 
ties and  the  development  of  port  busi- 
ness. He  believes  that  Portland  should 
be  unsurpassed  in  these  particulars  on 
the  Pacific  Coast. 

Mr.  Cookingham 's  hobby  is  golf 
and  nearly  every  Saturday  afternoon 
finds  him  on  the  links.  He  believes 
that  outdoor  exercise  is  an  essential 
factor  in  any  successful  business 
career. 


114 


Pan  Pacific 


Cocoanut  Palms  Support  Ceylon 

Staple  Product  of  Far  Eastern  Island  Used     In    Great    Variety    of    Forms   and 

Shipped  To   All   Parts  of  World 


COCOANUT  planting  is  the  pre- 
mier industry  in  this  Island  and 
it  remains  the  staple  product  of  Cey- 
lon, being  consumed  locally  in  every 
household  in  the  country,  unlike  other 
products,  exclusive  of  its  demand  in 
foreign  countries  as  foodstuff  and  raw 
material.  Most  of  the  other  principal 
products,  except  tea,  are  not  consumed 
locally,  but  are  shipped  overseas  for 
foreign  consumption. 

Almost  all  the  inhabitants  of  the 
provinces  along  the  sea  coast  round 
the  Island  are  owners  of  cocoanut 
plantations.  Even  the  poorest  man 
possesses  a  few  trees,  on  which  he 
depends,  except  in  the  principal  towns, 
such  as  Colombo,  where  the  poorer 
classes  are  not  land  owners. 

At  present  about  800,000  acres  are 
planted  with  cocoanut  and  a  similar 
area  of  suitable  land  for  the  purpose 
is  available. 

Toddy     and     Arrack 
Made  from  the  Juice 

When  the  cocoanut  tree  reaches  the 
age  of  yielding  it  is  tapped  and  the 
juice  thus  obtained  is  called  Toddy, 
which  is  very  sweet  to  drink  and  the 
best  juggery  is  made  out  of  this.  But 
the  most  paying  industry  is  the  distil- 
lering  or  conversion  into  arrack.  Fine 
vinegar  also  is  made  from  this  sub- 
stance. 

Arrack  is  largely  consumed  locally, 
mostly  by  the  poorer  classes,  as  an 
intoxicating  liquor,  which  is  of  a  good 
taste  and  stronger  than  whiskey.  This 
also  is  shipped  overseas,  but  not  on 
a  large  scale.  Sale  of  arrack  in  the 
country  is  allowed  to  renters  under 
license,  .which  contributes  a  large 
share  of  the  revenue  of  the  Island. 

The  cocoanut  palm  begins  to  yield 
at  the  ages  of  six  and  seven  years, 
and  the  nuts  are  eatable  at  the  raw 
state  even  when  they  are  young,  when 
the  water  inside  the  nut  is  sweet  as 
honey  and  the  tender  kernel  is  like- 
wise sweet,  and  this  will  serve  as  a 
substitute  for  meal  on  some  occasions. 
We  have  six  bi-monthly  crops  of  ma- 
tured nuts  for  a  year  and  when  they 
are  gathered  they  are  consumed  lo- 
cally for  cooking ;  some  are  exported 
as  fresh  cocoanuts  (husked  and  un- 
husked),  some  are  shipped  in  the  form 
of  desiccated  cocoanut,  after  desiccat- 
ing the  kernel  at  the  mills,  and  the 
rest  are  shipped  in  the  form  of  copra 
oil  and  poonae. 

Principal  markets  for  fresh  cocoa- 
nuts,  husked  and  unhusked,  are  Port 
Said,  Suez  and  Alexandria. 

Desiccated  cocoanut  is  one  of  the 
paying    departments    of   the    cocoanut 


By  H.  M.  DIAS 

Staff  Correspondent,  Colombo, 
Ceylon 
— o — 
enterprise  and  it  is  worthy  of  mention 
that    Ceylon   monopolizes    the    world's 
supply    of    this    product.     Before     the 
war  it  was  being  shipped  to  all  parts 
of  the  world,  England,  Germany,  Aus- 
tria,    Belgium,     France     and     United 
States  being  the  largest  buyers.  Since 
the   prohibition   of  the   export   of  this 
article    to    European    countries,    other 
than    Great    Britain    and    France,    as 
a  result  of  the  war,  this  business  suf- 
fered greatly. 


A    SENTINEL    AT    SUNSET 

To  make  matters  worse  the  Imperial 
British  Government  restricted  the  im- 
portation into  the  United  Kingdom, 
except  under  license,  to  be  obtained 
by  the  importers  from  the  Board  of 
Trade,  for  half  the  quantities  imported 
prior  to  war,  and  consequently  this 
was  removed  from  the  list  of  articles 
of  national  importance.  In  the  mean- 
time, Australia,  New  Zealand,  Africa 
and  Canada  came  into  the  field,  but 
owing  to  the  exhorbitant  rates  of 
freight  and  the  abnormal  prices  of 
lead,  nails,  hoops  and  timber,  the 
trade  could  not  make  any  headway 
until  the  beginning  of  this  year. 

Owing  to  want  of  freight  space  it 
was  impossible  to  do  a  good  business 
with  the  United  States  and  in  the  last 
year  this  market  was  altogether  closed 


for  this  article,  by  the  embargo  placed 
on  imports  by  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment. Consequent  upon  this  the 
local  market  for  this  article  fell  to 
about  4!/£  cents  gold  per  lb.,  which 
stood  before  the  war  at  about  7  5-6 
cents  gold  per  lb.  But  today  the 
local  market  rate  is  9y2  cents  gold  per 
lb.  This  is  due  to  the  withdrawal  of 
the  embargo  on  imports  by  the  United 
States  Government  from  the  beginning 
of  this  year.  Since  then  America 
stands  as  the  largest  buyer  up  to  this 
present  moment. 

In  1914  Ceylon  exported  311,864 
cwts.  to  the  value  of  $2,626,808.33. 

In  1917  Ceylon  exported  268,542 
cwts.  to  the  value  of  $2,901,808.33. 

In    1918    Ceylon    exported    203,386 
cwts.  to  the  value  of  $1,726,507.75. 
Ceylon    Also    Claims 
Best  Brand  of  Copra 

Ceylon  copra  is  highly  spoken  of 
and  is  regarded  as  the  best,  containing 
a  greater  quantity  of  oil,  as  compared 
with  copra  of  other  larger  producing 
countries  in  the  East,  viz.,  Java,  Straits 
Settlements,  South  Sea  Islands  and  the 
Philippines.  The  Philippine  Islands 
produce  nearly  one-third  of  the 
world's  output  of  copra  and  cocoanut 
oil  and  her  exports  are  chiefly  to  the 
United  States.  But  its  copra  fetches 
very  poor  prices  in  the  world's  mar- 
kets. British  East  African  copra  is 
suitable  only  for  soap  making  owing 
to  bad  drying,  but  it  is  said  that  this 
could  be  improved. 

In  the  year  1913  the  export  of  Cey- 
lon copra  topped  the  record  of  1911 
both  in  price  and  in  quantity,  having 
shipped  1,154,121  cwts.  with  an  aver- 
age local  price  of  $128.32  per  ton, 
though  in  the  latter  part  of  the  year 
it  reached  $160.00  per  .ton.  Out  of 
this  quantity  Germany  alone  bought 
806,288  cwts.  or  25,009  cwts.  more 
than  the  total  quantity  imported  by 
other  countries.  Russia  was  second, 
having  bought  11,000  tons. 

As  a  result  of  the  war  the  exporta- 
tion to  European  countries  were  pro- 
hibited in  1914,  except  to  the  United 
Kingdom  and  France,  and  the  largest 
oil  mill  in  the  country,  which  was 
owned  by  the  German  firm  of  Frieu- 
denberg  &  Co.,  was  closed.  Conse- 
quently the  price  dropped  until  it 
came  down  to  $30.50  per  ton  during 
the  latter  part  of  1917.  During  this 
period  there  was  great  demand  in  the 
Marseilles  market,  but  there  was  no 
available  freight  space,  as  the  only 
regular  line  of  French  steamers  from 
Colombo  to  Marseilles  were  comman- 
deered by  that  government  and  to  add 


July    19  19 


115 


to  it  the  Imperial  British  Government 
restricted  the  importation  to  the 
United  Kingdom,  as  the  demand  for 
ships  became  acute  during  1918  and 
only  a  very  small  quantity  was  ship- 
ped direct  to  Europe  dui  ing  the  year. 

But  the  prices  gradually  improved 
during  the  year,  as  our  neighbor,  In- 
dia, came  to  our  rescue  and  bought  a 
very  large  quantity  of  copra,  the  mar- 
kets being  Bombay,  Calcutta  and 
Madras.  India's  imports  were  950,- 
650  cwts.  of  the  value  of  $3,114,036.66. 
Her  1917  consumption  was  only  565,- 
397  cwts.  and  the  surplus  385,163  cwts. 
We  believe  she  re-exported  to  Mar- 
seilles either  in  the  form  of  copra  or 
oil,  taking  advantage  of  the  freight 
offered  to  Marseilles  from  Bombay  by 
the  Osaka  Shosen  Kaisha  line,  which 
privilege  Colombo  failed  to  enjoy. 

When  the  local  price  reached  in 
about  October  last  to  $104.67  per  ton 
the  demand  from  British  India  de- 
clined. But  in  response  to  several  ap 
peals  made  to-  the  home  government, 
by  the  Low-country  Products  Associa- 
tion and  other  local  bodies,  the  British 
Government,  through  the  local  govern- 
ment, called  for  tenders  to  supply 
3,000  tons  of  copra  during  December, 
to  be.  delivered  January,  1919.  As  a 
result  the  stockholders  in  the  city 
raised  the  local  price  to  $121.33  per 
ton  and  a  few  transactions  of  small 
quantities  were  done  during  Decem- 
ber. But  it  was  impossible  to  main- 
tain this  price,  which  now  stands  at 
$100.00  per  ton. 

Ceylon     Cocoanut     Oil 
Was  Made  in  Germany 

Cocoanut  oil,  which  is  compressed 
from  copra,  was  largely  shipped  to 
the  United  Kingdom  and  the  United 
States  prior  to  the  war,  but  the  latter 
was  not  a  buyer  of  Ceylon  copra  at 
all,  though  she  bought  60%  of  Cey- 
lon's cocoanut  oil  in  1913,  and  the 
former  bought  7,500  tons  of  oil  direct 
from  Ceylon.  Here  it  is  interesting 
to  note  that  there  was  a  great  demand 
for  cocoanut  oil  in  the  United  King- 
dom, though  she  bought  only  a  small 
quantity  direct. 

In  addition  to  this  purchase  she  im- 
ported from  European  countries  some 
49,000  metric  tons  of  Ceylon  cocoanut 
oil,  of  which  30,000  alone  came  from 
Hamburg,  where  it  is  said  the  latest 
improved  machinery  for  compressing 
cocoanut  oil  existed.  To  verify  this 
statement  I  wish  to  point  out  that  the 
United  Kingdom  bought  75  tons  of 
Ceylon  copra,  whereas  Germany 
bought  40,700  tons  of  copra  in  1913. 
The  surplus  importation  to  Germany 
was  converted  into  oil  and  shipped  to 
England,  as  there  was  a  very  good 
market  for  cocoanut  oil. 

England  was  also  a  buyer  of  Ger- 
man made  margarine,  butter,  fats  and 
foods  of  various  kinds  made  of  cocoa- 
nut  oil.     It  is  clear  that  England  was 


acting  blindly  by  obtaining  Ceylon 
cocoanut  oil  through  Germany.  Being 
overlord  of  Ceylon,  she  could  either 
buy  the  oil  direct  or  buy  copra  and 
convert  into  oil  and  other  articles  in 
the  United  Kingdom  itself  and  in  fu- 
ture we  believe  she  will  open  her 
eyes. 

In  1913  the  market  recovered  from 
$185.00  and  rose  to  the  record  price 
of  $220.00  per  ton,  which  was  the 
highest  ever  paid  locally  for  oil. 

Consequent  upon  war  this  trade  had 
to  suffer   gradually  as  in  the  case   of 


The  Australian  markets  are  quite 
new  fields  and  should  the  rates  of 
freight  come  down  in  the  near  future, 
we  believe  that  the  demand  from  that 
country  would  increase.  Since  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  the  surplus  stocks 
of  this  by-product  of  oil  were  sup- 
plied to  local  estates  for  manuring 
cocoanut  and   rubber  plantations. 

Fibre  and  yarn  are  the  secondary 
products  of  the  cocoanut  palm,  ob- 
tained from  the  cocoanut  husks,  which 
were  largely  exported  before  the  war 
to  Germany  and  Belgium  chiefly.  Fibre 


COCOANUT  GROVE  NEAR  COLOMBO 


copra,  the  Imperial  British  Govern- 
ment having  prohibited  shipments  to 
foreign  countries  other  than  the 
United  Kingdom  and  British  posses- 
sions. During  the  early  part  of  last 
year  Canada  came  into  the  field  and 
bought  over  3,700  tons  of  oil  of  the 
value  of  $750,000.00,  when  the  Imper- 
ial British  Government  placed  a  gen- 
eral prohibition  about  the  middle  of 
the  year  and  controlled  the  imports 
of  oil  into  the  United  Kingdom,  the 
local  government  being  the  buyer  here 
on  her  account.  However,  this  kept 
the  business  going. 

Poonac  or  Oil  Cake 
Also  Went  to  Germany 
Poonac  or  oil  cake,  the  residue  left 
after  the  extraction  of  oil  from  copra, 
was  shipped  chiefly  to  Germany  and 
Belgium  before  the  war.  The  chekku 
or  village  oil  mill  poonac  was  con- 
sumed locally  for  livestock  and  11,000 
tons  of  poonac  from  the  city  oil  mills 
were  shipped  overseas  in  1913.  As  a 
result  of  the  war  the  shipments  to 
Germany  and  Belgium  were  altogether 
stopped  and  the  value  gradually  de- 
clined, and  in  the  last  year  the  total 
exports  were  700  tons  of  the  value  of 
$16,037.67,  out  of  which  250  tons  were 
shipped  to  Australia. 


was  also  shipped  to  other  countries  in 
Europe,  while  Asia,  Africa  and  Amer- 
ica were  secondary  buyers.  The  ex- 
ports to  Germany  and  Belgium  were 
made  into  brushes  for  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Likewise  there  was  a  great  demand 
for  yarn  from  all  parts  of  the  world. 
This  is  manufactured  mainly  in  the 
southern  province  of  the  Island.  In 
1913  total  exports  of  fibre  and  yarn 
were  18,615  tons  and  the  prices  for 
bristle  and  mattress  fibre  were  $4.33 
and  83  cents  gold  per  cwt.  respec- 
tively. 

With  the  outbreak  of  the  war  these 
two  suffered  like  most  other  products, 
having  stopped  exportation  to  foreign 
countries  other  than  British  posses- 
sions. But  in  last  year  the  prohibition 
of  export  to  Japan  was  withdrawn, 
and  this  helped  us  to  sell  2,140  tons 
of  bristle  fibre  and  325  tons  of  mat- 
tress fibre  of  the  value  of  $132,145.00. 
The  total  exports  in  1918  were  3,993 
tons  of  bristle  fibre  and  6,085  tons  of 
mattress  fibre  valued  respectively  at 
$239,625.00  and  $70,997.33. 

In  conclusion  it  is  worthy  of  men- 
tion that  the  Government  waived  the 
export  duty  on  copra  during  the  whole 
of  1918.  Shipments  of  copra  also  are 
again  allowed  to  Odessa. 


116 


Pan  Pacific 


Los  Angeles  Has  Distributing  Advantages 


ALTHOUGH  most  people  think  of 
the  Pacific  Coast  as  a  straight 
line  running  more  or  less  north  and 
south,  such  is  far  from  the  case.  As 
a  matter  of  fact,  Los  Angeles  Har- 
hor  lies  closer  to  three-quarters  of  the 
United  States  than  any  other  Pacific 
Coast  port. 

Furthermore,  the  four  trancontinen- 
tal  lines  over  which  commodities  must 
travel  for  Pacific  export,  reach  South- 
ern California  without  having  to  cross 
the  High  Sierras,  and  for  consequent 
reasons  of  lesser  grades,  freedom  from 
snow  hazards  and  resulting  lower  cost 
per  ton  mile  of  haul,  cars  can  be  most 
advantageously  delivered  to  the  Los 
Angeles  docks.  This  fact  becomes  all 
the  more  important  when  we  remem- 
ber that  no  Pacific  port  produces  or 
accepts  more  than  ten  per  cent  of  the 
commodities  handled.  The  other 
ninety  per  cent  necessarily  comes  from 
the  manufacturing  centers  largely  east 
of  the  Mississippi  River. 

Climatic      Conditions 
Also  Favor  Los  Angeles 

The  additional  features  offered  by 
Southern  California  in  the  form  of  cli- 
matic favor,  under  which  cargoes  may 
be  stored  in  the  open,  handled  with 
greater  freedom  and  under  better 
working  conditions,  and  loaded  or  un- 
loaded at  a  minimum  of  weather  pro- 
tection, all  contribute  to  the  low  costs 
at  which  merchandise  may  be  handled 
in  and  out  of  these  docks. 

Schedules  for  handling,  railroad  ab- 
sorptions and  other  data  pertinent  to 
eargo  handling  and  ship  loading,  are 
at  present  so  changeable,  and  so  sub- 
ject to  alterations  to  meet  specific  re- 
quirements, that  it  seems  quite  impos- 
sible to  set  out  a  definite  comparison 
of  costs  obtaining  in  the  several  loca- 
tions. Such  as  are  available,  however, 
entirely  indicate  the  advantage  which 
cargoes  have  over  the  Los  Angeles 
docks  from  the  standpoint  of  the  ship- 
per, the  railroad,  or  the  ship  owner. 

The  variation  in  distance  between 
the  various  Pacific  ports  and  the 
Orient  is  not  great  enough  to  make 
any  serious  variations  in  ship  sched- 
ules or  costs.  This  brings  Los  An- 
geles well  within  the  limits  of  parity 
with  other  Pacific  ports  engaged  in 
Oriental  service.  For  Australasia  the 
equity  is  absolute;  while  for  Latin 
America  the  geographical  advantage  is 
obvious.  These  points  should  estab- 
lish Los  Angeles  harbor  as  an  accept- 
ing and  distributing  point  for  her  full 


share  in  the  important  and  export  ton- 
nages passing  through  our  western 
seaports. 

Cotton     Export 
Facilities      Too 

With  a  crop  for  this  year  estimated 
at  ninety-three  thousand  bales  of  cot- 
ton, Imperial  Valley  bids  well  to  be- 
come one  of  the  largest  contributing 
centers  to  Pacific  export  trade.  Much 
of  this  cotton  goes  to  manufacturers 
in  China  and  Japan  and  in  order  that 
both  growers  and  exporters  may  take 
advantage  of  the  most  direct  routes, 
the  City  of  Los  Angeles  has  authorized 
the  immediate  purchase  and  installa- 
tion of  a  high  density  press  at  Los  An- 
geles harbor,  for  accepting  all  grades 
of  cotton  for  export  over  the  adjacent 
wharves. 

In  view  of  the  favorable  rates  ap- 
plying to  handling,  car  unloading, 
wharfage,  etc.,  at  Los  Angeles  harbor, 
this  short-haul,  direct-line  service,  re- 
ducing transportation  and  handling 
charges  to  a  minimum,  will  effect  a 
large  saving  to  both  exporters  and 
buyers,  and  make  it  possible  for  ships 
to  aecept  these  tonnages  much  nearer 
the  source  of  origin  than  heretofore. 
Two  Oil  Mills 
Are  In  Operation 

So  rapidly  has  the  demand  for  oils 
increased  among  manufacturers,  both 
local  and  farther  east,  that  Los  An- 
geles business  has  grown  far  more  rap- 
idly than  was  anticipated.  Two  mills 
are  now  in  operation  accepting  crude 
material  from  both  Latin  American 
and  Oriental  sources. 

These  mills  are  in  a  position  to  ac- 
cept copra,  soya  beans,  raw  peanuts, 
cotton  seed,  sesame  seed,  etc.,  and  any 
exporters  having  these  articles  for  sale 
are  invited  to  communicate  with  the 
Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Commerce  so 
that  they  may  be  placed  in  direct 
touch  with  these  operators. 

Los  Angeles   Industrials 
Have  Many  Advantages 

The  favored  position  which  Los  An- 
geles occupies  in  relation  to  the  crude 
rubber  from  Latin  America  and  the 
far  east,  combines  with  the  large  ton- 
nage of  cotton  offering  in  the  Imperial 
Valley,  to  make  this  an  ideal  location 
for  the  manufacture  of  articles  involv- 
ing these  commodities.  The  re-estab- 
lishment of  definite  steamship  service, 
over  which  the  first  of  these  commodi- 
ties might  be  delivered,  has  so  settled 
this  question  in  the  minds  of  many 
eastern  manufacturers  that  a  number 


of  new  industries  are  already  consider- 
ing early  installation  here. 

Many  local  concerns  of  longer  estab- 
lishment are  greatly  increasing  their 
capacity  in  order  to  answer  the  de- 
mands which  export  and  import  trade 
have  already  made  upon  them,  and  the 
large  number  of  representatives  now 
traveling  in  foreign  territory  in  the 
interests  of  these  houses,  is  indicative 
of  the  rapid  growth  of  Los  Angeles 
overseas  trade.  Many  of  these  foreign 
representatives  have  gone  specifically 
empowered  to  purchase  as  well  as  to 
sell,  there  already  being  in  Los  An- 
geles a  demand  for  certain  foreign 
crude,  over  and  above  that  offering 
through  other  channels. 

For  any  information  on  importing, 
exporting,  and  of  general  commodity 
or  commercial  nature,  those  interested 
are  invited  to  address  the  Los  Angeles 
Chamber  of  Commerce. 

Local  Manufacture 
Of  Expanded  Clay 

An  interesting  development  of  the 
war  has  been  the  manufacture  in 
Southern  California  of  an  expanded 
clay  material  intended  to  take  the 
place  of  aggregate  in  concrete  con- 
struction. It  is  made  from  a  clay 
found  in  the  Santa  Monica  Bay  dis-'J 
trict  in  unlimited  deposit.  It  is  pre-  : 
pared  by  crushing  and  grinding, 
finally  emerging  from  a  regular  brick- 
machine  in  an  endless  ribbon  of 
formed  clay.  It  is  then  burned  in  a 
muffled  skiln  and  when  finished  looks 
like  charcoal.  The  cakes  swell  to 
about  twice  the  size  of  ordinary  brick 
but  are  some  twenty  per  cent  lighter. 

Used  in  concrete,  it  is  said  to  have 
fully  as  high  a  test  in  strength  and 
compression  as  the  same  material  made 
from  gravel,  though  is  so  much  lighter 
as  to  weigh  less  than  forty  pounds  per 
cubic  foot.  It  is  already  being  util- 
ized for  shipbuilding  and  promises 
many  other  forms  of  development  for 
insulating  purposes,  where  an  abso-  ? 
lutely  non-absorbent  compound  is  de- 
sired. It  is  truly  a  marvelous  product 
and  is  but  one  of  the  many  clay  de- 1 
velopments  playing  such  a  large  part 
in  Southern  California  development 
and  export  trade. 

Few  people  appreciate  the  import-  I 
ance  of  the  clay  and  cement  deposits 
surrounding  Los  Angeles  harbor,  and 
we  are  therefore  glad  to  bring  this 
item  to  public  attention  as  an  exam- 
ple of  one  of  the  products  of  mention 
represented  by  this  group  of  natural 
resources. 


July    19  19 


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THE  PORT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

Offers  the  Best  Port  Facilities  and  the  Lowest  Port  Charges  of  Any 
Port  on  the  Pacific  Coast — Possibly  in  America — Both  to 

SHIPPERS  AND  STEAMSHIP  COMPANIES 

NO  RENT  whatever  is  charged  to  steamships  for  preferential  berth  assignments  at  Los 
Angeles  Municipal  Piers.  Only  a  dockage  charge  is  made  against  the  ship,  and  this  is  very  low, 
— $15.00  a  day  for  a  ship  of  2,100  net  tons,  and  one-half  cent  per  net  ton  above  that  figure. 
Thus  a  ship  of  3,000  net  tons,  five  days  at  the  wharf,  would  pay  a  total  of  $97.50 — and  this 
would  be  the  only  charge  against  the  ship.      It  would  pay  no  rent  whatever. 

THE  CARGO  pays  a  wharfage  charge  varying  from  2  Yl  cents  to  1 0  cents  a  ton,  de- 
pending upon  the  commodity,  BUT  THIS  INCLUDES  THIRTY  DAYS  FREE  STORAGE  ON 
FOREIGN  EXPORTS.  In  other  words,  a  ship  has  30  days  time  to  accumulate  a  foreign 
cargo,  without  storage  charges.  The  cargo  pays  wharfage  at  rates  varying  from  2  Yl  to  10 
cents  a  ton,  and  the  ship  pays  a  small  dockage  only  for  the  time  it  is  actually  at  the  wharf. 


PORT  FACILITIES 

There  are  no  finer  wharves  and  wharf  sheds  in  America  than  the  municipal  harbor  facili- 
ties provided  by  the  City  of  Los  Angeles.  There  is  no  bar  to  cross  at  the  harbor  entrance — 
the  water  is  48  feet  deep  at  low  tide  at  the  entrance — and  the  depth  at  the  piers  varies  from  29 
to  35   feet  at  low  tide. 

The  local  business  of  the  Port  is  growing  very  rapidly,  as  Los  Angeles,  with  a  popula- 
tion of  650,000 — the  largest  city  on  the  Pacific  Coast — is  going  after  water  commerce.  Los 
Angeles  also  is  the  logical  port  for  the  transshipment  of  transcontinental  cargoes. 

The  City  of  Los  Angeles  also  is  prepared  to  lease  lands  for  industries  which  need 
waterfront  locations. 

For  further  particulars  address 

THE  BOARD  OF  HARBOR  COMMISSIONERS 

SUITE  33,  CITY  HALL,  LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 


118 


Pan  Pacific 


What  Are  We  To  Do  With  The  Ships? 


(Continued   from   page   112) 

European  ports  upwards  of  twenty 
per  cent  over  what  was  formerly 
thought  possible,  and  only  a  begin- 
ning has  been  made. 

Broadly  considered  plans  for  co-op- 
erative management  of  ships,  docks 
and  terminals  must  be  worked  out  to 
the  end  that  this  great  transportation 
problem  will  be  handled  with  maxi- 
mum efficiency  from  the  warehouse  of 
the  producer  to  that  of  the  dealer  who 
disposes  of  the  manufactured  products 
to  the  ultimate  consumer.  Heretofore 
this  transportation  problem  has  been 
everywhere  handled  largely  by  the  hit 
or  miss  plan  of  individual  operation. 

The  individual  manufacturers  them- 
selves truck  their  products  to  and 
from  the  railroad  and  steamship  ter- 
minals with  enormous  loss  of  time 
waiting  to  load  and  unload  and  still 
further  loss  in  an  effort  to  do  this 
hauling  at  the  time  of  the  greatest 
street  traffic  congestion.  This  truck- 
ing is  part  of  the  transportation  prob- 
lem and  should  be  done  by  the  ship 
and  railroad  companies  in  a  thorough- 
ly organized  and  systematic  way  with 
great   resulting   economies. 

Much  of  our  overseas  transportation 
was  formerly  done  on  tramp  steamers 
making  irregular  sailings  and  waiting 
a  long  time  often  for  a  cargo.  Or- 
ganization and  co-operative  manage- 
ment will  in  this  field  also  produce 
very  great  economies  which,  if  de- 
veloped by  our  people  in  the  way  our 
great  merchant  fleet  will  enable  us  to, 
will  go  far  toward  allowing  us  to  com- 
pete with  any  shipping  in  the  world. 

Must      Be     Capitalized 
With  Regard  to  Value 

This  great  American  merchant  fleet 
must  not  only  be  manned  and  oper- 
ated economically,  but  it  must  be 
capitalized  fairly  and  with  due  con- 
sideration for  the  real  value  of  these 
ships  when  taken  over  by  private  in- 
terests. This  will  require  that  the 
Government  amortize  as  part  of  the 
cost  of  the  war  whatever  excess  cap- 
ital cost  has  been  entailed  in  their 
production  during  war  times. 

Insurance  is  a  most  important  con- 
sideration and  must  be  dealt  with 
broadly,  fairly  and  adequately.  On 
account  of  competitive  conditions, 
various  forms  of  insurance,  now  il- 
legal, must  perhaps  be  legalized. 

Whatever  plans  are  finally  worked 


out  for  the  proper  disposition  and 
regulation  of  our  merchant  marine,  it 
is  o.f  vital  importance  that  a  fixed  pol- 
icy be  adopted  so  that  confidence  may 
be  built  up  in  the  continuation  of  this 
service  without  interference  or  change 
from  the  principles  under  which  it  is 
established  along  the  best  lines  of 
trade  development  and  efficient  man- 
agement. 

Our  ships  can  and  should  be  so  han- 
dled and  managed  that  they  will  serve 
trade  routes  not  now  regularly  estab- 
lished, thus  meeting  the  needs  of  the 
particular  ports  served  in  ways  not 
now  possible  and  always  with  the 
broadest  consideration  for  the  trade 
requirements  of  the  peoples  who  are 
thus  brought  into  commercial  contact 
with  our  shores. 

Must   Develop    Imports 
Along     With     Exports 

Imports  must  be  developed  with  ex- 
ports, as  all  true  trade  is  reciprocal. 
Nature  has  endowed  us  so  richly  with 
raw  materials  and  such  a  vast  extent 
of  territory,  with  a  remarkably  fertile 
soil,  that  we  manufacturers  are  likely 
to  forget  that  notwithstanding  these 
blessings,  we  import  a  large  quantity 
of  raw  and  semi-finished  products, 
amounting  in  the  year  1917  to  $1,500,- 
000,000.  These  imports  will  grow  as 
time  passes  and  the  source  of  supply 
of  the  most  important  should  be 
largely  owned  in  the  United  States. 
Ownership  in  such  properties  would 
often  necessitate  control  of  railways 
tributary  thereto,  thus  affording  our 
ships  a  tonnage  of  coal  when  out- 
bound, often  important  to  fill  cargo 
space  otherwise  empty. 

It  is  said  that  one  of  the  large  fac- 
tors in  Great  Britain's  predominance 
in  ocean  trade  is  the  heavy  tonnage 
of  coal — approximately  50  per  cent  of 
the  outgoing  cargo  of  British  steamers 
taken  at  times  suiting  their  cargo 
space.  "We  can  very  profitably  de- 
velop similar  tonnage. 

The  development  of  the  spirit  of  the 
Monroe  Doctrine  will  make  the  coun- 
tries in  which  ownership  of  materials 
suitable  for  import  is  sought  prefer- 
ably those  of  the  Western  Hemisphere. 
These  are  also  the  countries  where 
generally  the  lines  of  communication 
are  the  shortest  and  with  which  our 
relations  will  probably  be  the  least 
disturbed. 

Our    Greatest    Problem 
Is       In       Distribution 

Let  us  remember  that  perhaps  the 
greatest  problem  in  economies  is  dis- 
tribution. Our  ships,  docks  and  the 
terminal  facilities  of  our  railroads  are 
among  the  most  important  factors  in 
this  great  problem  of  distribution. 
These   must   be   co-ordinated    and    de- 


veloped in  the  American  way.  We  have 
all  the  problems  in  connection  with 
labor,  industry  and  finance"  which 
other  nations  have,  but  none  of  these 
problems  are  more  serious  for  us  than 
for  others,  while  in  many  respects  we 
are  much  more  favored  than  any  na- 
tion. If  we  pursue  our  course  in  the 
true  American  way,  utilizing  to  the 
limit  our  demonstrated  ability  in  or- 
ganization and  the  scientific  develop- 
ment of  improved  efficiency,  we  can 
confidently  look  forward  to  an  era  of 
progress  and  development  in  the 
United  States  such  as  the  world  has 
never  seen. 

We  must  not  conclude  from  these 
possibilities  that  this  prosperity  will 
automatically  flow  into  our  hands.  In 
many  ways  we  are  greatly  lacking  and 
unprepared.  Our  industries  have 
heretofore  been  concerned  very  largely 
with  domestic  trade  and  it  is  only  by 
the  most  diligent  effort  and  hardest 
work  along  educational  lines  in  for- 
eign trade  and  the  transportation 
problems  relating  thereto  that  the 
splendid  prosperity  possible  will  be 
realized. 

Our  competitors  in  foreign  trade— 
the  peoples  of  other  industrial  nations 
— are  and  have  been  hard  at  work  and 
unless  we  bestir  ourselves  most  ac- 
tively the  great  opportunities  possi- 
ble of  realization  will  not  be  attained. 
Let  us  all,  therefore,  awaken  to  these 
necessities  and  place  our  great  country 
not  only  prominently  in  the  foreign 
trade  of  the  world,  but  where  she 
ought  to  be — at  the  very  head  of  those 
in  this  splendid  field  of  endeavor. 


RUSSIAN  MISCONCEPTIONS 

(Continued  from  page  107) 

smallest  cost,  and  not  absorb  the 
wealth  of  the  people  by  high  freight 
and  passenger  tolls. 

Wealth  belongs  with  the  people, 
hence  let  the  railroads  be  owned  by 
the  people  and  not  by  the  government, 
for  if  the  government  comes  into  own- 
ership, the  politician  will  insist  on  in- 
creasing these  tolls  so  as  to  increase 
his  own  emoluments  and  perpetuate 
himself  in  power.  This  will  mean  the 
absorption  of  too  much  wealth  from 
the  people  who  create  it  and  thus, 
maintain  an  institution  of  imposition 
and  poverty  for  all  time  to  come. 

Let  it  be  clearly  understood  that 
progress  can  always  be  achieved  when 
men  possess  the  ballot  and  exercise  it 
wisely  in  cutting  all  the  bonds  of  im- 
position that  press  directly  or  indi- 
rectly against  the  individual  man  en- 
joying the  rewards  of  effort  under  just 
restraints  of  law.  This  is  the  true 
theory  of  wealth  and  happiness  that 
has  made  America  what  she  is;  and 
is  imitating  American  customs,  the 
people  of  Russia  will  erect  a  nation 
and  a  civilization  that  will  glorify  and 
redeem  their  splendid  national  ideals. 


July    19  19 


119 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address   "ACME." 


ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 


AEROTHRUST  ENGINE  COMPANY,  La 
Porte,  Indiana.  Manufacturers  and  exporters 
of  the  Aerothrust  Engine  for  pumping  machin- 
ery, lighting  plants,  agricultural  Implements, 
pumping  Jacks.  Outboard  Motors,  etc.  Corre- 
spondence solicited  in  all  languages.  All  codes. 
Foreign  orders  our  specialty. 


THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 


ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable   address    "ARNOTT." 


J.  ARON  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall  St.,  New 
York  City.  Branches  at  San  Francisco,  New 
Orleans,  Chicago,  London,  England  and  Santos, 
Brazil.  General  exporters  and  importers.  Cor- 
respondence solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable 
address   "ARONCO." 


BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.     All   languages. 


CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Haas  Building,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 


T 

■DAT 


HE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX,55   Defiance,   Ohio. 


AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
In  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Dillon.     Cable   address   "ANSCO." 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters and  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  enamel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMICO." 


CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 


EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 


THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address    "BEAVER." 

BLAKE,  MOFFITT  &  TOWNE,  37-45  First 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Paper  of  all  de- 
scriptions. A  complete  line  carried  in  stock  for 
export  or  domestic  trade.  Special  papers  made 
to  order.  Quotations  and  samples  cheerfully 
submitted. 

F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 

BRADY  &  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith  Building, 
Seattle,  Washington.  Shipping  and  Commis- 
sion. Importers  and  Exporters  salmon,  oils, 
steel,   lumber,   fertilizer.     Established   1892. 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 


CONNELL  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  L.  C. 
SMITH  Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  General 
importers  and  exporters.  Offices  at  Shang- 
hai, Manila,  Hong  Kong  and  Singapore.  Corre- 
spondence in  all  languages.  Cable  address 
"CONNELL." 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf,  skins, 
glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery  leather,  etc. 
Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 


DILL-CROSETT,  Inc.,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Exporters  of  steel  products,  acids,  rosin, 
chemicals,  dye  stuff,  phenol,  etc.  Importers  of 
fish  oil,  hides,  coffee,  coconut  oil,  beans,  copra, 
castor  oil,  tallow,  silks,  etc.  Branch  offices: 
New  York,  Kobe,  Japan  and  Sydney,  Australia. 
All  languages  and  codes  used. 


L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 


DOLLIVER  &  BROTHER,  619  Mission  St., 
California.  Leather  for  shoes,  willow,  calf,  tan 
box,  royal,  vici,  etc.  Machinery,  nails,  eyelets, 
ink,  shoemakers'  supplies;  elastic  webbing. 
Fifty  years  of  service. 


120 


Pan  Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


JAMES  P.  DWAN,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  Exporter  and  Importer.  Gen- 
eral purchasing  agent  for  foreign  buyers.  Build- 
ing materials,  machinery,  ores,  metals,  oils. 
Foreign  office,  Missions  Building,  The  Bund, 
Canton,   China.     Cable  address  DWAN. 

GENERAL,  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Sansome  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 


B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 


INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 


MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc.,  1053  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Foreign  orders  promptly 
and  carefully  executed.  General  hardware, 
household  goods,  tools,  sporting  goods,  paints, 
oils,  varnishes.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
Catalogs  on  request. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KUDLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leather 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 


MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  and  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress,  "VINMAR." 


MILL  &  MINE  SUPPLY  COMPANY,  Seattle, 
Washington.  Iron,  bolts,  chain,  axes,  belting, 
logging  tools,  steel,  nuts,  waste,  saws,  pulleys. 
Cable  address  "MILESMINE."  Export  orders 
solicited. 


NATIONAL  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  519  Cal- 
ifornia St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Importers 
and  exporters  of  foods,  spices,  canned  goods, 
etc.  Will  grant  exclusive  agencies.  Correspon- 
dence invited. 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY,  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 


OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 


PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY,  67  New  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporters  of  bath-tubs,  toil- 
ets, lavatories,  sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing 
fixtures,  etc.  Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of 
export  orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 


VICTOR  PATRON,  112  Market  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan,  Mexico. 
Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and  export 
representative.  Prices  and  catalogues  furnished 
on  application. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 


PURNELL  &  PAGETT,  Canton,  China.  Ar- 
chitects and  civil  engineers.  Investigations,  In- 
spections and  valuations.  Bridges,  steel  con- 
struction, wharves  and  docks.  Cable  address 
PANEL.     W.  U.  Code  and  A.  B.  C. 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export;  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes;  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Shoes,  rubbers,  tennis 
and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds;  all  styles.  Bentley 
Code  used. 


PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Importers,  exporters,  manu- 
facturers' agents,  purchasing  agents.  All  codes. 
Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 


SCOTT,  SUGDEN  &  LAMOT,  Monadnock 
Building,  San  Francisco,  California.  Foreign 
and  domestic  merchants.  Steel  and  iron  and 
manufactured  products.  Marine  hardware  and 
supplies.  Quotations  furnished  on  request. 
Cable  address  "WALTERSCOT." 


SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  D.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 


SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 


SHIPBUILDERS  MACHINERY  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  201  Maynard  Building,  Seattle,  Washing- 
ton. Manufacturers  of  Ship  Plate  tightener; 
scarphing  machines,  motor  driven  machines,  etc. 
Export  orders  solicited. 


SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shipcomco." 
All  codes  used. 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  CHENRYINC. 


HERBERT  T.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnois. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 


THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON,  316  First  St., 
So.  Seattle,  Wash.  Electrical  and  mining  ma- 
chinery. Specialists  on  rewinding  machinery  of 
all   kinds.     Installers  of  complete  plants. 


WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 


LANSING  COMPANY,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Manufacturers  of  electrical  trucks,  trail- 
ers, concrete  machinery,  gas  engines,  hoists, 
hand  carts,  wheels,  casters,  etc.  Export  trade 
a   specialty.     Cable   address   "QUOLANSING." 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 


ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 

ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  "Build- 
ing. Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 


WORLEY-MARTIN  COMPANY,  617  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Wool, 
hides,  tallow,  oils  and  Oriental  products.  Hard- 
ware and  steel  products,  drugs  and  specialties. 
Represented  in  China  and  Japan.  Desires  lines 
to  introduce.     Cable  address  "WORLEY." 


ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and  samples 
of  paper  for  export.  Represented  at  Yokohama 
and  Shanghai.  Cable  address  "ZELLERBACH." 
All  codes. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


/u/j,    19  19 


1 21 


MARINE  SECTION 


The  following  marine  insurance  companies,  surveyors,  brokers  and  adjusters  are  reliable  and  of  good  standing. 
This  publication  believes  that  all  dealings  had  with  these  concerns  will  prove  satisfactory  in  every  particular. 


MARINE  INSURANCE 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

Aetna  Insurance  Company. 

Atlantic  Mutal  Insurance  Company. 

Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Company. 

Fireman's   Fund   Insurance   Company. 

Home  F'ire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co.  of  Calif. 

Liverpool  &   London  &  Globe  Insurance  Co. 

H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 


MARINE  SURVEYORS 


(San    Francisco,   Cal.) 


Kincaid  Shipping  Company. 

Martins-Gardens  Company. 

E.  Griffin  &  Co. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Page  Brothers. 

George  W.   Reed   &  Company. 

W.  S.  Scammel  &  Company. 

W.  B.  Thornley. 


(Portland,  Oregon) 

Else  Shipping  Company. 
C.  V.   Ericesson  &  Company. 
Taylor  &  Young  Company. 
Tegen  &  Main. 

(Seattle,   Washington) 
Frank  P.  Dow  Company,  Inc. 
Fankner,  Currie  &  Company,  Inc. 


Ernest  Bent 
L.  Curtis 
James  F.  Fowler 
W.  F.  Mills 


W.   J.  Murray 
John   Rinder 
J.  Seale  &  Company 
Frank  Walker 


Thomas  Wallace 


SHIP,  CUSTOM  AND 
FREIGHT  BROKERS 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 


C.  Beyful  &  Company 

H.  D.  Bowly 

W.  J.  Byrnes 

Brady  &  Co. 

C.  D.  Bunker  &  Company. 

John  W.  Chapman 

Frank  P.  Dow 

Davies,  Turner  &  Company 

F.  F.  G.  Harper  &  Company 

Frederic  Henry 

Fred  Holmes  &  Son. 

Henry  Kirchmann,  Jr. 

Bernard  Judae  Company 


MARINE  ADJUSTERS 

"When  in  need  of  the  services  of  reliable  ma- 
rine adjusters,  exporters  and  importers  will  And 
it  to  their  advantage  to  consult  any  of  the  con- 
cerns listed  below. 


(San    Francisco,   California.) 


Creditors'   Adjustment   Company. 
Dodwell  &  Company. 
Insurance  Company  of  North  America. 
London  &  Lancashire  Fire  Insurance  Co. 
H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 
Pacific   Coast   Adjusting  Bureau. 
Springfield  Fire  &  Marine  Insurance  Co. 
Union  Marine  Insurance  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 

(Seattle,   Washington) 

Dodwell  &  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 


STEAMSHIP  LINES 

OPERATING  IN 

THE  PACIFIC 

(San  Francisco,  California) 

CHINA   MAIL    STEAMSHIP    COMPANY 

San   Francisco   to   the   Orient. 
OCEANIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  Sydney,  Australia. 
ROBERT   DOLLAR  COMPANY 

Oriental  Trade. 
EAST  ASIATIC   COMPANY,   LTD. 

Oriental  Trade. 
W.  R.   GRACE  &  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports  and  Orient. 
GULF  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports. 
PACIFIC  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Mexico,   South  America  and   Orient. 
CHARLES   NELSON  COMPANY 

Hawaiian  Islands. 
A.  F.  THANE  &  COMPANY 

Australia. 
TOYO  KISEN  KAISHA 

San  Francisco  and  Orient. 
JAVA  -CHINA- JAP AN-LIJN 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

San  Francisco  to  Netherland  East  Indies. 
JOHNSON  LINE 

San  Francisco  to  Scandinavian  Ports. 
MERCHANTS  LINE 

Pacific,   Atlantic  &  South  America. 
OCEAN  TRANSPORT  COMPANY,  LTD. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 
TRANS-OCEANIC  CO. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

(Oregon   and   Washington) 
PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
OSAKA  SHOSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
SEATTLE  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 
Seattle   to  Australia  and  South  Africa. 


FOREIGN  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 


JAPAN 

Andrews  &  George  Co.,  Inc Tokio 

Aki  &  Company Osaka 

Abe    Kobe!    Yokohama 

Masuda  &  Company  Yokohama 

Hurato  &  Umtanni  Kobe 

Nosawa  &  Company  Tokio 

Samuel  Samuel  &  Co.,  Ltd Tokio 

Yonei    Shoten   Tokio 

PHILIPPINE    ISLANDS 

Parsons  Hardware  Co.,  Inc Manila 

W.  F.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Ltd Manila 

Warner,   Barnes  &   Co.,   Ltd Manila 


CHINA 

Andersen,  Meyer  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

J.  M.  Alver  &  Company Hong  Kong 

Dodwell  &  Company  Shanghai 

Okura  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

Shewan,  Tonmes  &  Co Hong  Kong 

Harry  Wicking  &  Company  Hong  Kong 

STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 

Central   Engine   Works,   Ltd Singapore 

Katz  Brothers,  Ltd Penang,  S.   S. 

Patterson,  Simons  &  Co.,  Ltd Penang,  S.  S. 

Straist  Industrial  Syndicate Singapore 


AUSTRALIA 

Brown  &  Dureau,   Ltd Perth 

Capron,   Carter  &  Co.,  Ltd Sydney 

Essex  R.   Pieot  Sydney 

Eliza    Tinsley    Melbourne 

A.  H.  &  A.  E.  Humphries Melbourne 

A.   Goninan  &   Co.,  Ltd New  Castle 

James  Hardie  &  Company Sydney 

Turnbull  &  Niblett  Sydney 

NEW   ZEALAND 

W.  H.  Long  &  Company Wellington 

F.  W.  Markham  Wellington 

Herbert  G.  Teagle,  Ltd Wellington 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 

3DRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
VUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
3ANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 
3ATH-TUBS      - 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing  Company. 

3LANKETS,  QUILTS,  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS.   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific   Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 
BOOTS 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers   Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl   Shoe  Company. 
3ROKERAGE  AND  COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

James  P.  Dwan 


CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CANNED  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 
F.   E.  Booth  Company. 
Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS,   CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 
American  Can  Company. 
CASES,   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 
Pacific  Marine  Iron- Works. 
Interstate  Pattern  Works. 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington   Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 
B.   F.   Heastand. 
Associated  Mfgs.  Importing  Co. 
COFFEE 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
CONCRETE  MACHINERY 

Lansing  Company. 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 
Topping  Brothers. 


COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mrgs.  Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
DRESS  GOODS 

D.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ELECTRIC    TRUCKS 

Lansing  Company. 

ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 


122 


Pan  Pacific 


Merchandise  Advertised — Continued 


FERTILIZERS 

Brady  &  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
FOOD  PRODUCTS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.   Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

Chas.  A.  Bacon. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Brady  &   Company. 

GAS  ENGINES 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Company. 

Lansing  Company. 

Arnott  &  Company. 

Aerothrust   Engine   Company. 
GLASSWARE 

B.  F.   Heastand. 

GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 
HARDWARE 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
HOSIER? 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
HOUSEHOLD  GOODS 

Joost   Brothers,  Ins. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 

James  P.  Dwan. 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
LABORATORY   APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 

A.  J.  &  J.  R.  Cook. 
LIGHTING  PLANTS 

Aerothrust   Engine  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seatle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &   McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
-     Scott,   Sugden  &  Lamont. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Co. 
MINE  &   MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Connell  Brothers  Company. 

J.  Aron  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.   Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.   Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
OILS      . 

Worlev-Martin  Company. 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

James  P.  Dwan. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

Brady  &  Co. 
ORIENTAL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin   Company. 
OUTBOARD  MOTORS 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 


PAINTS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Zellerbach  Paper  Company. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

Blake,   Moffltt  &   Towne. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC    PAPER   &   MATERIALS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
PUMPING   ENGINES 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
RAW  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

A.  O.  Andersen  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
RICE 

F.   Griffin  &  Co. 
ROOFING 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.   Griffin  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin   Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOE  MAKING  MACHINERY 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 
SHOES,   SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 
SPORTING  GOODS. 

Joost   Brothers,   Inc. 


SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL  AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Scott,  Sugden  &  Lamont. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Work's. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 

Interstate  Pattern  Works. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TALLOW 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
TANKS,  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 

Dolliver  &  Brother. 
TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
TEXTILE   MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.    Dinkelspiel   Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board    Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed   Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZED  FIBRE 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 
WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver   Board   Companies. 
WHEELS,   CASTERS,   Etc. 

Lansing  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American   Pulley  Company. 
WIRE,   ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
WOOL 

Worley-Martin  Company. 


Connections  Wanted 


MADRAS,  INDIA — Managing  agents  for  two 
mining  companies  handling  chrome,  manga- 
nese and  pyrolusite  ores,  desire  to  get  in  touch 
with  interested  importers.  Details  on  file  at 
this  office.     Address  Box  620  Pan  Pacific. 

BINDJEI,  SUMATRA,  DUTCH  EAST  INDIES— 
Export  house  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  im- 
porters of  tea,  coffee,  copra,  copra-oil,  rubber, 
etc.     Address  Box  621  Pan  Pacific. 

KOBE,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  desires  to  con- 
nect with  importers  of  celluloid,  celluloid 
manufactures  such  as  combs,  hair  pins,  toys, 
buttons  and  brushes.  Address  Box  622  Pan 
Pacific. 

PIRAEUS,  SMYRNA— Firm  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  packers  of  fish  and  preserved 
fruits.     Address   Box   623   Pan    Pacific. 

GENOVA,  ITALY — Party  desires  to  communi- 
cate with  exporters  of  fruit,  desiring  to  do 
business  in  Italy. 

PRAGUE-KARLIN — Firm  -wishes  to  communi- 
cate with  exporters  of  grain,  maize,  forages, 
oil-cakes,  etc.,  desiring  to  extend  their  foreign 
commerce  to  the  Tscneeho-Slovack  Republic, 
and  importers  of  cloverseeds.  Address  Box 
624  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA  —  Established  commission 
house  wishes  to  represent  in  Cuba,  dealers  in 
Asiatic  rice  and  California  fruits.  Address 
Box  625   Pan  Pacific. 

VALLETTA,  MALTA— A  firm  of  chandlers  and 
coal  merchants  are  desirous  of  getting  in 
touch  with  some  reliable  person  in  San  Fran- 
cisco who  would  be  willing  to  act  as  their 
agent,  the  terms  to  be  arrived  at  by  arrange- 
ment.    Address    Box    626    Pan    Pacific. 

NOGALES,  SONORA— Firm  desires  to  com- 
municate with  exporters  of  hardware,  glass- 
ware, iewelry  and  groceries.  Address  Box  827 
Pan  Pacific. 


DELHI,  INDIA — Import  and  export  firm  desires 
to  get  in  touch  with  merchants  interested  in 
trade  with  India.  Address  Box  628  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

SYDNEY,  AUSTRALIA  —  General  merchants 
and  importing  firm  in  Sydney  desires  to  secure 
the  agency  for  firms  desiring  representation  in 
Australia.     Addess  Box  629  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Broker  and  manufacturers' 
agent  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  manufac- 
turers and  exporters  desiring  a  representative 
for  their  goods  in  Cuba.  Addess  Box  630  Pan 
Pacific. 

VANCOUVER,  B.  C— Firm  desires  to  communi- 
cate with  importers  of  India  fibre  for  making 
brushes  and  brooms.  Address  Box  631  Pan 
Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA— Commission  merchant  de- 
sires to  get  in  touch  with  dealers  of  rice, 
beans  and  peas,  who  are  willing  to  do  business 
in  Cuba.     Address  Box  632   Pan   Pacific. 

SHANGHAI,  CHINA— Import  and  export  firm 
in  China  desires  to  communicate  with  Amer- 
ican manufacturers  and  merchants.  Especial- 
ly interested  in  hardware,  metals,  paper,  glass, 
leathers,  dry  goods  and  machineries.  Address 
Box  633  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA— Firm  desires  to  secure  the 
exclusive  agency  for  manufacturers  in  this 
district  for  Cuba.  Address  Box  634  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

MANAGUA,  NICARAGUA— Firm  desires  to  con- 
nect with  firms  exporting  foodstuffs,  hard- 
ware, wines,  preserves,  boots  and  shoes, 
paints  and  household  table  goods,  and  import- 
ers of  coffee,  cocoa,  hides,  skins,  rubber,  hard 
and  dyewoods.  Correspondence  in  English 
and  Spanish.     Address  Box  635  Pan  Pacific. 


July    19  19 


123 


Oblique  Stroke  in  Foreign  Trade 

Hint    in    Salesmanship    That    May   Win    Orders   Given   by   Los   Angeles   Expert 


WHEN  Emerson  told  us  the  value 
of  "The  Ohlique  Stroke,"  he 
cut  far  deeper  into  the  ethics  of  for- 
eign trade  than  perhaps  even  he  imag- 
ined ;  for  although  the  average  Amer- 
ican merchant  accepts  a  commercial 
rating,  an  engraved  card  or  a  litho- 
graphed catalogue  as  sufficient  intro- 
duction to  his  source  of  supply,  the 
foreigner,  be  he  Latin  American  or 
Oriental,  still  associates  a  certain  cour- 
tesy and  decorum  with  his  business 
transactions  that  often  make  our  own 
tactics  too  abrupt  for  his  acceptance. 
Many  of  our  salesmen  have  returned 
from  foreign  fields  and  reported  un- 
favorably on  the  territory  visited, 
when  in  reality  their  own  unfamiliar- 
ity  with  the  right  method  of  attack 
was  entirely  responsible.  The  clever 
way  in  which  the  oblique  stroke  in 
salesmanship  can  be  utilized  to  "get 
under  the  skin"  of  the  foreign  buyer, 
and  at  the  same  time  open  the  way 
to  permanent  business,  is  happily  il- 
lustrated by  an  incident  that  came 
.under  my  observation  some  time  ago. 

The    Oblique    Stroke 
Gets  Under  the  Skin 

A  salesman  for  a  large  collar  house 
made  his  initial  trip  to  Central  Amer- 
ica, to  look  over  that  field  as  a  market 
for  collars.  He  carried  a  few  of  the 
most  popular  shapes  in  his  suitcase  to 
use  as  samples,  though  he  made  no 
effort  to  show  them  except  upon  re- 
quest. He  went  primarily  on  a  trip  of 
investigation,  to  look  over  the  field,  to 
see  what  collars  were  being  sold,  what 
were  the  popular  styles,  how  the  trade 
was  handled,  and  what  he  and  his 
house  would  have  to  do  to  secure  their 
portion  of  the  business. 

His  first  step  in  every  city  was  to 
call  upon  the  merchants,  present  his 
card,  and  after  a  few  minutes'  chat  on 
general  topics,  arrange  to  call  again  in 


By  G.  B.  CARPENTER 
Foreign  Trade  Adviser,  Los  Angeles 
Chamber  of  Commerce 
— o — 
a  day  or  two,  at  their  pleasure.  Gradu- 
ally he  built  up  an  acquaintance  with 
prospective  clients,  never  assuming  the 
aggressive  in  his  business  attack  until 
three  or  four  calls,  and  possibly  a  few 
games  of  billiards,  had  given  him  the 
ground  work  for  personal  appeal.  Then 
in  each  case  he  made  it  a  point  to  so 
express   his  approval   of  the   lines  the 
merchants    were    showing    that    they 
were  in  turn  led  to  answer  that  they 
felt    sure   their    goods    were    the    best 
obtainable. 

Spectacular     Method 
Caught  Native  Fancy 

"Right  there  is  where  I  good-natur- 
edly disagree  with  you,"  was  always 
his  laughing  reply.  "How  do  you  sell 
that  collar?" 

On  being  told  the  price,  he  immedi- 
ately bought  one  and,  tearing  it  in 
two,  showed  it  to  be  a  two-ply  collar, 
usually  of  European  make. 

"Our  collar,"  he  explained,  "is  a 
three-ply  collar  and  obviously  much 
stronger  than  this  one.  Furthermore, 
the  extra  stitching  and  patent  folding 
about  the  button  hole  of  our  collar 
make  it  almost  impossible  for  that  por- 
tion to  tear,  as  this  one  will" — where- 
upon, slipping  his  pencil  through  the 
eyelet  of  the  foreign  collar,  he  deftly 
tore  it  out  through  the  fibre. 

"But  I  didn't  come  to  bother  you 
for  an  order,"  he  would  add,  "and 
only  took  this  occasion  to  indicate  my 
assurance  that  you  haven't  the  best 
collar  until  you  have  seen  mine." 
Whereupon  the  conversation  would 
drift  into  general  channels,  and  his 
visits  continue. 

As  I  say,  outwardly  he  did  not  go 
to  Central  America  to  sell  collars,  but 
so   close   was  his  study  of   conditions, 


and  so  cleverly  was  his  introduction 
presented,  that  when  he  left  he  carried 
out  with  him  orders  for  forty-two 
thousand  dollars  worth  of  merchandise 
and  the  good  will  and  esteem  of  every 
merchant  upon  whom  he  had  called. 

Won    the    Confidence 
of      His      Customers 

His  subsequent  visits  have  only  in- 
creased his  popularity,  and  the  fidelity 
with  which  his  house  has  executed 
every  detail  of  his  orders  has  given 
him  a  prestige  along  widely  diversified 
lines.  In  1917,  while  a  certain  repre- 
sentative of  a  large  American  shovel 
manufacturer  went  through  this  same 
territory  on  an  initial  trip  and  re- 
turned, after  having  given  away  some 
three  or  four  dozen  samples,  but  with- 
out securing  a  single  order,  our  collar 
salesman  was  loaded  with  orders  for 
some  four  hundred  dozen  shovels, 
thrust  upon  him  by  his  clients  be- 
cause of  their  trust  in  him  to  execute 
any  commission  in  their  behalf. 

His  trips  are  now  a  positive  ovation, 
and  all  because  of  a  direct  personal 
understanding  of  conditions  and  a 
readiness  to  pay  the  price  of  success 
in  the  coin  of  good  judgment.  Might 
not  this  story  be  summarized  in  the 
following  six  sentences? 

1.  Win  confidence  before  talk- 
ing sales. 

2.  Make  your  presentation  in 
a  gentlemanly  and  forceful  way, 

but  without  haste. 

3.  Sell  to  the  buyer's  needs, 
your  own. 

4.  Render  complete  fulfill- 
ment of  sales  contract,  irrespec- 
tive of  cost. 

5.  Be  prepared  to  make  am- 
ple adjustments. 

6.  Make  your  sale  the  begin- 
ning, and  not  the  end,  of  the 
transaction. 


Connections  Wanted — Continued 


KXOS    AIRES,    ARGENTINA— Firm    desires 

to   enter  into   business   relations    with    several 

nerchants    and    manufacturers    who    are    not 

epresented   in   Buenos   Aires   and    who   desire 

expand  their  business  throughout  the  South 

nerican    Republics.     Address    Box    636     Tan 

Pacific. 

XV — A  party  in  Peru  desires  to  receive  cata- 
ogues,  printed  in  Spanish,  giving  information 
oncerning  bedroom,  dining  room  and  drawing 
oom  furniture;  also  catalogues  describing 
fixtures  for  kitchens  and  dining  rooms,  us 
veil  as  decorative  articles  for  houses.  Ad- 
dress Box  L  640  Pan  Pacific. 

IILE — A  firm  in  Chile  wishes  to  purchase 
duplicating,  calculating  and  mimeograph  ma- 
chines.    Address  Box  L  641    Pan   Pacific. 

ZEALAND — A  man  in  New  Zealand  de- 
sires to  secure  an  agency  from  manufacturers 
only,  for  the  sale  in  Australia  of  paper  of  all 
kinds,  printing  machinery,  bookbinding  ma- 
chinery, printing  ink,  type,  forms,  fancy  leath- 
er goods,  stationery,  office  fixtures  and  book- 
binders' supplies.  Address  Box  L  642  Pan 
Pacific. 


GUATEMALA — Representation  is  desired  by  a 
man  in  Guatemala  for  the  sale  of  dry  goods, 
hardware,  jute  bags,  medicine^,  groceries, 
etc.  Correspondence  should  be  in  Spanish. 
Address  Box  L  643  Pan  Pacific. 

PERU — Modern  laboratory  equipment  and  hos- 
pital furnishings  are  desired  by  the  manage- 
ment of  a  large  city  hospital  in  Peru.  Cata- 
logues are  requested  from  manufacturers  in 
this  country.     Address  Box  L  644  Tan  Pacific. 

CHINA — The  manager  of  a  mines  association  in 
China  wishes  to  receive  catalogues  covering 
railway  supplies,  machine  tools  and  mining 
machinery.     Address   Box  L  645   Pan  Pacific. 

AUSTRALIA — A  man  in  Australia  desires  to 
secure  agencies  for  the  sale  of  automobile 
accessories,  novelties  of  all  kinds,  especially 
hotel  and  household  novelties.  Address  Box 
L  646   Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  ZEALAND — An  American  firm  which  has 
recently  been  appointed  as  representative  of 
a  company  in  New  Zealand  desires  to  secure 
agencies  for  the  sale  of  general  lines  of  mer- 
chandise, especially  dyes,  colors,  oils,  canned 
goods,  glass,  electrical  goods,  etc.  Address 
Box  L  647  Pan  Pacific. 


CHINA — An  American  firm  that  is  preparing  to 
open  a  permanent  office  in  Shanghai,  China, 
desires  to  secure  agencies  for  the  sale  in 
China  of  several  good  lines  of  merchandise  of 
the  highest  class.  Address  Box  L  648  Pan 
Pacific. 

AUSTRALIA — A  firm  in  Australia  desires  to 
secure  agencies  for  the  sale  of  hosiery,  un- 
derwear, women's  hats  and  hat  trimmings. 
Address   Box  L  649  Pan  Pacific. 

CHINA — A  company  in  China  wishes  to  be 
placed  in  touch  with  wholesale  dealers  In  re- 
built automobiles,  motorcycles  and  motors. 
It  further  requests  catalogues  covering  hard- 
ware, house  furnishing  goods,  agricultural 
implements  and  tools.  Address  Box  L  650  Pan 
Pacific. 

AUSTRALIA — A  company  in  Australia  desires 
to  receive  catalogues  of  machinery  for  the 
manufacture  and  distribution  of  compressed 
air,  fan  and  blowers  for  both  air  and  gas, 
round  tanks  in  wood,  concrete  and  steel,  wire 
rope,  insulating  materials,  electric  furnaces, 
hoisting,  conveying  and  elevating  machinery, 
machine  tools,  centrifugal  and  reciprocating 
pumps,  steel,  wood  and  earthenware  pumps, 
fire  tiles  and  bricks,  refrigerating  machinery, 
etc.     Address   Box   L  651   Pan   Pacific. 


124 


Pan  Pacific 


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CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pies. 


GEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Secretary 


J.  E.  PETERS,  Vice-Pies. 

SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 

The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  (  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will   Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special   Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO.  I 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 


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Standard  Products  Co.  I  I    Scott-  Sugden  &  Lamont 


Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office,  260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


New  York 

Pittsburgh 

Seattle 

Los  Angeles 


Shanghai 
Singapore 


Manila 
Yokohama 


EXPORTERS,  of  all  American  products,  especially  Iron 
and  Steel  Products,  Machinery,  Black  and  Galvanized 
Pipe,  either  American  or  English  Thread,  Paints,  Var- 
nishes, Cutlery,  Sanitary  Fixtures,  Railway  Supplies, 
Asbestos,  Leather  Belting,  Explosives,  Imitation 
Leather,  Automobile  Trucks,  Tractors,  Lighting  Fix- 
tures, Chain,  Plate  and  Window  Glass,   Fabrikoid. 

IMPORTERS,  Raw  Materials  from  Asia,  Camel's  Hair, 
Animal  Hair,  Bristles,  Furs,  Hides  and  Skins,  Human 
Hair,  Egg  Products,  Nuts,  Oils,  Etc. 


Foreign  and    Domestic   Merchants 

DIRECT     FACTORY     REPRESENTATIVES 

ALL 

STEEL  AND  IRON  PRODUCTS 

Heavy   Hardware  —  Marine    Hardware  and   Supplies 

|  Main  Office: 

MONADNOCK    BUILDING,   SAN    FRANCISCO 
|  Offices  in 

|    Seattle         Los  Angeles         Pittsburg       New  York        Chicago    I 
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Inspection  -  Testing 


Examination**    —    Certification 

Materials    and    Equipment 

for  Export 

it.    It.   Material  —  Machinery 

Metal  Products — General  Mdse. 


Sampling;,  Analysis  and 

Certification  of 

Oils,    Ores,    Minerals 

and    other 
Imported    Materials 


Code  Word  "PERKINS."     All  Codes  Used. 


References,  First  National  Bank,  Bank  of  Italy,  Dun's 
or  Bradstreet's,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


R.  E.  NOBLE  &  CO.,  Engineers 

Controlled    by    Abbot    A.    Hunks 

Established    1866 

Humboldt  Bank  Bldg.  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

Ueprenenttltlves  in  Principal  <  if  its  and  Porta 


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Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABATA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable  Address:    "INTRACO" 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   5th  Edition 


Import    Products  of  all 

Countries   where   we 

are  located 


We  will  purchase 


—  EXPORTS  — 
Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 
Accessories,  Paints,- Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 
Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 
for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:    SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


JlUlllinillllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllllMtlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllil'lllllllllllll irilMIIIIIIIllllllltlllTIIIILIIIIIIIII'llllllLlllMIIIIllllilltllllllllllllllKIIIIIIIIJIlllllllllllllllllllllllllKI'lI'llllllIllllEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIFMJIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIMIlllllllIllll Illllllllllllllllllllliini ,r: 


July    19  19  125 

jmiiimiiimiiimiimiimimi minium iimiimiiiiiiimimi mimimmiimi nimm nun imimmmiii m         jjMI iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimin imiimimiimiimiiimmiimiimiiim imiiimmiiiiiii iiimmmmimmimimiiimimmii m 

JMATSON  LINE]  ISeaFoamSrBond! 


San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  | 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 


120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


A  Strong,  Beautiful  sheet  for  manifolding; 
stocked  in  the  following  size  and  colors: 

17x22— 101b. 

WHITE  —  BLUE  —  PINK 

GREEN  —  CANARY 

GOLDEN  ROD 


I    For  price  see  page  11  of  net  price-list.  Samples  on  request.    [ 


51 miillimimillimmllimmillllllimiiilmiiimiiiiiii mimliimmiiiiiiiimiiimimiimimiimiimimimiimiimmimiiimimiimmim- 

ilium  i  iiiiiiilillliHlniiliiMiiniiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiniiliiiiiiiniiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinillinilllMlllllinilllllllllluMiHliiiMlllllilllllllllllluiliiMliliiiMiji 

Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 
May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 

promptly  and  frankly  | 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 
General  Insurance 

^iiiiiMiiiiiiiiiniiiiniiuiiiHiiiniiiiiiiMiiniiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiii^ 
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BRADY  &  COMPANY 

Established    1892.     SHIPPING    AND    COMMISSION 
Importers   and    Exporters    Salmon.    Fertilizer,    Oils.    Steel.    Lumber 
42-Story  L.    C.    SMITH  BLDG.,   Seattle,   Wash.,  V.    S.   A. 
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BLAKE,  MOFFITT  &  TOWNE 

ESTABLISHED  1855 

37-45  FIEST  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 
LOS  ANGELES  SAN  DIEGO 


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AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-  ENGINES  -  WAGONS  - 


i^V 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

and 

All  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT  SCO. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  SOUTHWEST  - 

HZ  II8  5O.L0SANCELES5T.L05ANGELES 


AIM! 


MULTIGRAPHING        MIMEOGRAPHING     | 

BRUCKMAN     I 

TRANSLATING  and 
TYPING     BUREAU 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 

Telephone  Douglas  1316 


STIIIIllliu  J  ttii<J«>>>iJriliiiiiiiriiiTiiijriiitiiiijiiijtiiiiiiij[jiiiriiiiiiiifiijiiiijjiijiitijriiiiiiiiijrii]iiiiiiii]jriiliirliiitiiiiiiijriiiffi)iitiiiFijjiiijiiiijriliiiiijiriiiiiii«iijirilllllljrilirii]iiiiiriiiitiiiriijrElll[llTrillj  i^.         .TilltllllllllllllllllililllillllllllllllllllliniinillllllltllllllllllMllllinlllHlliillillilimlltllllllluilliir, 
^j  ■'■iiiiii]iliiiiirj,iiitriiiriiiiit!iiriiiiriiii:iiiiriiitiiiir[iiiFiiiriiiriiiiJiiiiiMi[tiiitiiiJTiiMr>iiiiiiitiii]jMiiiiiiitiiitiiiiTiiii!iMtiiiiiMii[iiii itiiirMiiriiiriiiiiiiiMiiLiiiriiiJtiiiiiiiiMiiMiitiiijEiiiiiiiiiiiijtiiiLiiiiiMriMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiirMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiriiiiLtiiitiiiiiiijitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiFiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii  >_y 

|  Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co.  I 

CUSTOM  HOUSE  BROKERS  U.  S.  BONDED  STORAGE 

Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders  Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Distributing,  Consolidating 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington  Branch  Offices:       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

"Service  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 

ulllllllliililiillliillllllniii;  iii:iiii.:iiiiiiii:iiii.:ii;:iii::iii,!ii;iiii::iii::iii:iiii:iii;iiiiiiii::iii;;iii:;iii::ii:.:i.  :n  ::n  :iii  in  .!!,  :iii  ii in liiliiilliillliiiiiiilliiiniiniliniiuillllllllllinilinillllllllllinillllllllllllllllllllllllinillllliilliilllllllliiuiiiilliiiliillllllllllllllllllllllimil lllllllllllllllllliit 


126 


Pan  Pacific 


|MlllllllinillllllllMIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIMIIIMIIIIU 

|  Zellerbach  Paper  Company 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

|    has  established  an 

EXPORT  DEPARTMENT 

Under  the  Direction  of  Harold  L.  Zellerbach 

|    and  is  prepared  to  make  quotations  and  furnish  samples  on  orders  for     § 
|    export  shipment. 

Cable  Address— "  Zellerbach  " 

Codes 
A.  B.  C,  5th  Edition        Bentley's       Western  Union—  Liebers 

|        KNAPP  &  BAXTER,  Agents 

Yokohama  and  Shanghai 

rlinilinillllinMH!IIIIIIlMllUlllllinil]llllIIII]l!IH[ll]llllniliI[|lllllltM!IIIinillll!llllll]IM]iMI!lllll[llliIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMilllllt!linilllllin!lll[llir. 
glllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIMIIIMIIMIIIIMIIII IMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIMIIIMIIMIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIL: 


Puget  Sound  Tug  Boat  Company 

Incorporated  1891 

Washington's  Pioneer  Towing 
Company 

Cable  Address:  TUG 


i    SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


^MIIIIIIItlllllll|[|||IMinillUIIIMIIIIIinilllllll(lllilllUMllMllllllllllllllllllllIIIII!lllt!lllllllllllllll!IIIMIUIIIIUI!lM!IHIIIIIIIIttll!tlllinilltlllUMI]IIIIIIJf 

|         C.  HENRY  SMITH 

MAIN  OFFICE: 

I    311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.   | 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND    IMPORT 

AM    Codes.     Code   Address:  CHENRYINC 
RimimtiiHHiiiiminaniiiuniiiiiwiiuimiiniimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiwiiiiiiuiHiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiMiiiiuiiiiiiiiuiiiiiimiiiiniiHiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiil 
3nuuuiimiiinHmiliuiuiiiiuiiitHiiMifiiiHiiiiHiHMifiniiiitinHfiiitiiiHiimiiuiiiHHniiiiiiiiHmHiiHiiHiiiiniiiiiiiuiimiiiiiiMiiiimiiuiiiiuiia 

!      KAAS-HOPKINS.CO. 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 

|     Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

PROTECTIVE    PAPERS— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine,     I 

(Parchmyn),  Parcnmoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS— Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain    j 

or  Decorated;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— White,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
1     GLAZED    PAPERS    for    Boxmakers,    etc.        White,    Colors,    I 
I  Embossed,  Novelties. 

|     PHOTOGRAPHIC  COVER  PAPERS  and  Mount   Board. 
1     WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers,         | 
|     We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  and  Quo-    ] 
tations  Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 


ulllMlilll][llllIlliniini!li!linil|[lllinillMillM]||||||||inillMIII!lllllllllllllllllllillMllltil|ll!|||||||||||Mlilllllllllll!lll!l]||||||[||||||j|||j|ni|inilil!lilllJ7-  .7INII[!llllllll!IIMIIIII]l!llllllllllllllllllllll!IIIMIlM]lll!lllllillllll!llll!lllllllllllM]IIIIIIIIIIIMlllMllllllllllllllillllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!lllllllll!llllllillll|| 


USE  "BEAR  BRAND"  SOLE  LEATHER 


'iilllMIII!IIIMIIIIilllllllMilllllllllli:illlUII!<IIMII!llllNI|[|lllllll!llinillllllMllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIiniMli;i!ll[Mllt!]IIMIII!ll|[||]IMIII!IIIUIIII 


5     Parent  Company 
§     Established  1857 


Resources  Over 
$1,000,000 


MONARCH 

afihe 

OARS 

C&Q — 

"BEAR  BRAND" 

Sole  Leather 

fulfills  every  requirement 
of 

Export  Business 

"A  bear  for  wear"  tanned 
in  vats  from  packer  hides 
with  California  oak  bark 


TANNERS 

JiSSaRa.        New  York  San  Francisco 


Chicago 


wmummmnrnm 


|    Associated  Manufacturers 
Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers '  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 

All  Codes 

!   871    Market    Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,    U.    S.    A.    I 

^dllUllinMinilllllinillllMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllMllllllllMIIIIIIIIMlllllllMlllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllT 


July    19  19 


127 


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THE  CHAS.  A.   BACON  CO-  |    [GENERAL    PAPER    CO. 


EXPORTERS,     IMPORTERS     AND     MANUFACTURERS 
REPRESENTATIVES 

417  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.S.A. 

CABLE  ADDRESS:   "CABCO"  Code  A   B  C— 5th   Edition 

What  do   you   wish   to   buy?    What  do   you   wish   to   sell? 

Write  or  cable  us  at  once.     We  have  unexcelled  facilities  for 

handling  your  entire  business;  selling,  buying  and  forwarding 

REFERENCES: 

Banca  Popolare  Fugazi  R.  G.  Dun  Mercantile  Agency 

:inii!llll!l]llllllMIII|]inilinilUlllllllllMllt!!inMIMI!IMinillillllllM]|||||||||IMIIIIIIIIIIIinillll!llllllltlll)lllllllllllllllll(lllllllinillllllHllllt!IIIIIIH>l,- 

±':iiiiiniiiiiiiiniiininniiimiiiiiiiiiiiniiiinin iiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiniiiHiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii': 

|  Herbert   W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co.  | 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  for  Quotations 

|    209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.    \ 

^i  jiiiiiiMiiJiiiiJiiitiiitfJiitJJiitiiiitJMiJiiiJriiiitiiitiiiiMiJitiiJirujiiijrrMiiMJiMiJTLiiiii TriiiJMiiJMiipiiiiitifiiiiriiiiiiiiriiijriiiiiiijriiJfiiiifi;jti;ji=T: 

■MiMimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiHM 

|  PAN  PACIFIC  CORPORATION sanf^m^o^--usa    | 

Date 191.... § 

Enclosed  please  find  $ for subscriptions  [ 

for  "Pan  Pacific,"  beginning  with  the  issue  of 191....  | 

|        Mail  to 

Name   1 

Address   § 

!     SUBSCRIPTION  PRICE,  PER  YEAR  (12  ISSUES),  $3.00  GOLD  = 

25  CENTS  PER  COPY 
^tiuiiiiiMiiHiitniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiitiiiiniiiiiiiiiMiniiuiiiitiiiiiiiitiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiitiiiniiiiniiKiiniiiiMiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiii^ 

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PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 


I     Cable  Address  "PAJONES" 


All  Leading  Codes  Used 


525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 
Cable   Address:     "EMCO,"   All    Codes 

Bank  ^0* =T"^r^  PaP^ 

References:        .^^Si  A    I     I  r^  »^« 
Bank    of    Italy     |      pV"\ "  E.  R 


San     Francisco 


Mill 
Representatives 


BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,   Portland,   Los   Angeles 

Dealers   in    News,    Book,   Writing,   Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and   Wrapping   Papers 

HiilllllllllitllllllllllllllllHIIUIIIIlllinilllllllllMIMIIMIIllllHllllllinilHIIIIIillllMIIIIIIIMIHIIilllllllllllllllflll 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1 1 1  f  I  ■  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 J  f  I  >  ■  1 1  l?T 

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F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO. 


STEAMSHIP     | 
AGENTS        § 


SHIP   BROKERS 
IMPORTERS    AND    EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 

|     Phone  Garfield  2241  SAN    FRANCISCO     1 

HiiiiMiniiiniiiiiiHiiiiiiiiitiiuiiitniiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiuiiniiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiitiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ 
^r  ii  iriijiciiiriijFiiitiiiirriiiriiiiiiiirillJriliipiiiriiiiiiiitiiiriiiiriiiiiiiiiiiJipiiiiiiiiiiiriiaiiiiiirlljilitriiiiiiiiiiiijriiijiEiiiriiiriiiiiFlllfiliiiriiijEiiiJiiuriiirL^ 


References: 
Metropolitan  Bank 
Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address:         = 

RBNCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4     = 

W.  U.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil       = 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 
205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

|     Freight   Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS,   LA.  Correspondence  Solicited     § 

nllllilllMlllllinilllllllll]inilHllllllllMinilllMinilinillllllllllll!llliillllilMIJIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt!IIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIHIIIIIMIII[|lilMlilllllll^ 

^iMiiiiiiHiiiiiiniiiniituiliniliiliniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiitiiiiiiiiiMiiillliiiiiMitiiiniiiiMiHiiutiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiillilliiiiiiiuilluilltllllllllfi' 

A.  J.  6-  J.  R.  COOK 

LEATHEK 

Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and 
Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 

Cable  Address  :  "  Cookbro,"  San  Francisco 


TRADE  MARK 


743  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


pMlllllllllllinilllllll tlllilllltlilnlilliiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiimiiniiniiiMiimiiiiiiiiminiiiniin nun nun uiuil in:. nil".        .iiliiiiiiiiiminiilllim milium i liillliliiilln mi niiinin niniiiiniiiniiniiiiiiniiiii lliiiiiiiiinin^ 

gtwiiiniiitiiiiiiimiiiiiiiniiiiiiiliniiiniii iMiiMiiiTiiirtni  iemiimii  nn  tiiiiiiin  iiiiimiiiiii  i  tPiiiiiiitMiitiiiiiiiniii  iiiiiiniiiii  iiiiniiiiiiiuiiiiMiiiiiiiri in  riii  irn  i  miiiiii  i  imimm  iiiniiiiiiiitFin  niitriiiniiiMii  mitiiii  n:n  in  iiiiitMiiiinTiiiiiiiiinniiii  tnitiiiiitntMiu  nn inn  imiumi  i  iiiiitniiiiiiniiitiiiiiii^" 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

'•mmiiiiiniMfimMiiMimiiiniiniiiJMMnimMiniimiimiiimmiiUM 
iMiiiirmiiniiiiiimimiiiimmiiniiiimmiiiiiiMiiiimiimimHiiiiiiim 


Cable  Address: 
PETTIBONE 

Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 
Bentley's,  Western 
Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith 
Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 
U.  S.  A. 


"Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 
i  c  r  1 1  n  1 1  e  1 1  i  i  r  r  t  ?  1 1  m  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  [  t  j  1 1 1  j  1 1 1  l  1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  -t  1 1 1  j  i  ii  l  r  1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1  r  J- 1 1 « i  e  1 1 11 1 1 4  j  i  13911:11  l  1 1 1 1  e  1 1 1  i  e  1 1  j  1  e  1 1 1  r  e  1 1  ]  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1  r  t  1 1 1  ^  c  1 1  i  1 1 1 1 9  ^  e  1 1  ^  e  1 1 1 1  j  1 1  i  1 1 1  a  j  e  1 1  ^  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 J 1 1 3  J  e  1 1 3  ^  1 1 1  x  J 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1  rj  1 1 1  r  1  e  1 1  r  1 1 1  ^  j  e  1 1 !  1  [  1 1 1  l  e  1 1  t  1 1 1  r  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ^  c  1 1 3  J  e  1  a  1 J  p  1 1 3  [  e  1  i  j  1 1 1  a  j  e  1 1  j  r  i  1 1 J  i  e  1 1  j  1 1 1 3  i  1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1  j  !  ]  1  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ]  j  e  e  1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 !  1 1  ^  e  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  a :  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  ^  111 7^; 


MiiiiiiimiiiiiiuiiiimiiiiNimimiiimiimimmmimiiuiiiiiiiuiiiimmiimiimiiiiiiim 


P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

— Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485   California   Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


~ ^ 1 1 J 1 1  n  t  te :  •  1 1 e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ri  1 1 1  t  t  e 1 1 1 d  1  [  1 1  i  [  1 1 1  ] 1 1 1 1 1 1  e  1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  i 1 1 1 1 1 r  1 1 1 1  i  1 1  t e  e 1 x  l  1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x  e  1 1  i  1  e  1  n 1 1 1 1 j  >  e  1  j  1  m  1  i  1 1 1 1 t  r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ]  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 u  1  m  1  r  1 1 1 1 } f  c 1 1 p  e  1 3 1 1 1 1 1  j  m 1 j 1 1 e 1 d 1 1 1 1 1  x  1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 m 1 3 1  e  1 1 1 3  e j  c  1  m  1  m  1  j  1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 j  1 1 1 1 1  ]  e  1 1 1 m 1 1 j  1 1 1 3  r  m  1 1 r  e 1 1 j  >  m  3  j  c  1  m  i  c 1 1 1 r  e  1 9 1  r  e  i  3 1 1 1 1 m 1 1 1 j  r  1 1 1 1 1  e  1  ^ 1 1 [ 3 1 1 r  1 1  a  j  r  c  3  j 1 1 1 1 j 1 h  e  1  j  1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 j  r  e  1 1 1 4  i  1 1  i  j  t ! 1 j  l 1 1 j 1 1  [  1 1 }  r  1 1 .- 


128 


Pan  Pacific 


-in.,M  mum iiiimiimimiimimiimiiiiiimimiimin imiiiiiii n iiimiimiimimiiimmiiiimmilllllmlii ni!         mmiimiimiimiimimimiilliiimiimimiimimimmillimimimiimiimimiimilmlimimimiimiiimimiimiimiimiiimimimiiimiililimi;: 


Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Co. 

Head  Office  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


IMPORTERS  —  EXPORTERS 

MANUFACTURERS  AGENTS 

PURCHASING   AGENTS 


|    ¥T7E  are  now  engaged  by  a  great  many  of  our  largest  | 

|      \\     Corporations   to   promote   their    Foreign   trade.     Our  = 

|                  specialized    service    consumates    sound    business    re-  | 

|    lations   with    the   World's   leading    merchants.     We   open   to  | 

|    you  new  channels  of  International  trade  and  our  agents  co-  1 

|    operate  effectively  in  creating  a  permanent  demand  for  your  \ 

|    products.     We   invite   correspondence   with    American   manu-  | 

I  facturers  also  Foreign  traders  seeking  a  market  for  their  | 
|    raw  and  manufactured   products. 

|        PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  CO.  I 

Reference:  Anglo  &  London  Paris  National  Bank,  San 
Francisco.     Cable  Address:  Paulrube.     All  Codes 

miiimimmiimimimimiimiimmiiimiimiiiiiiilimiiimiimiiiiiiiiiii iinmi  Miniiiiiiiii  ullliiil ! iniiliiiniin  > iiiiiiiin ii'in,^ 

^i!K;:ii^^iiiiiiniiniiHiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiinMiiMiiuiiniiiniiiMiiiiniiMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiii]iiiiiiiiniiiiiii]iii!Miii!iL' 

I    VICTOR  PATRON  I 


IMPORT 
EXPORT 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 
CABLE:    PATRON" 

oiiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiNiiin!iiii!ii!iiiuiiiuiiiiiiiii!iiuiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiMi!iiiiiin 

^mimiimiimiimmiiimimiimmiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiimimiimimiimiimiimimiimiimiiniimiimimiimimiiimimimiimiimimiimiimimy 

I  LEATHER oSHOESBAGS  ' 


SUITCASES,  ETC. 


9 


* 


© 


Box  Calf,  Willow  Calf,  Tan  Box,  Patent  Leather,  Royal  Calf,  Vici 

Kid   (Black  Colors),   Sole  Leather 
Machinery,  Nails,   Eyelets,   Inks,  Shoemakers'  Supplies  of  all   Kinds 

Elastic  Webbing 
Western  Union  Code       A. B.C.  5th  Edition  Improved       Cable  Address,  "Dolllver" 

nrkllllT-cn*    Ar    T\m      lg68— Fifty   Tears    of   Service— 1918 
■L/UlllVCI     Ct.     r>lO.     619-21   MISSION  ST.,  San  Francisco 


(GLASSWARE!) 

(FOR  TABLE  AND  SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PEODUCTS  in  the  world 
DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO    DEALER 
(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    | 
catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language) 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.    Knowles   China   Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 


=   618  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


,IM!1  Mil  I  IIIUMIl  Mill  I1I1IMI1  [MitMl  I LII1IMI1IMI  llll 1 1 !  I  i  [ !  1 1 1 1 1 1  <  I !  1 1 1 !  1 1 1 M !  1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 !  I!  1 1 1 1 !  I !  I M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  tl  1 1 1 1  ■  ■  I  111  ■  1 11 If 

^_i  iiiiiiMiiiriiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiEiiiitiiitiiiiiiiiitMiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiitJiiLiiiiixiiitiiiiiiirfciiiittiiiiiiiiiii^ 

Murry  Jacobs 

Jacobs  &  Gile 

DIRECT  MILL  REPRESENTATIVES 

IRON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Cast  Iron  Water  Pipe 
Hydrants  and  Valves 


Railway  Exchange  Building 
Portland,  Oregon 


L.  C.  Smith  Building 
Seattle,  Washington 


-miiimiiiiiimiimiimmiimimiimimimiimiimiimimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinmiimiiiiiimiimimiimimiimiimiimiimiimiimiiimimimii'; 
^.t  MiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiriaiiiiiiiiiiiEiiiirifitEiiiiiiiiiiifEiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiciiiiiiiriiiitiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitEiiitiijfEriifiiiiiEiiiiiiitaj 

BOOTHS 

CRESCENT 
RAND 


Sardines 

F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND , 

Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


\Xi  iitiiiiJi[iiJi[iijii[i]iiiiijtiiJxiiiJiiiJitiijri]ittijjitijiLrjirti]4iiiiiritirtiijriitiirtJittijrtiiTtri)ifiiJiriiiirEiiitii]j[iijtiiiJiiiijittiiiruiirfjjiitjiiiii]x[iijiiiiti7^ 


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imiHiiiimuiiuuiiii  iiiiiimiitiimmtmmmmiimtiiimiit itinuiimiMmiimiiiiiim i nil miiiiiiimiiHiiiiiiiiiiiniimiii miiiiiiiiiiiniuiiiiiiiuniiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiniimiiiiimiiiiiuiiimiiiiiii; 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street  • 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES: 

Seattle 

Peru                                           Costa  Rica 

Panama 

Los  Angeles 

Guatemala                               Nicaragua 

Ecuador 

New  Orleans 

Salvador                                  Chile 
General  Agents 

Bolivia 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  (INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 

Shanghai.  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from   Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  Including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


niiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiii  ihiiiiiiimiiiiiiihihuiii:h!i5 


nut 


•      ■■ 


l'-k 


■       ■■ 


SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers  5 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,; Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

■^NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

'SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


•<< 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


ifljpl 


"ttK.lST,  1919 


Price  25  Cents 


REPARING  FOR  WORLD  TRADE 


djtt^^By  John  H.  Gerrie 

W i  « 


*& 


Kljtjia  Awaits  United  States  CommeiW 
Sellers  Must  Use   Buyers'  Language 
iresia's  Need  is  America's  Opportunity 


W.  E.  Aughiiibaugh,  Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry,  Dr.  Angel  C.  Rivas 
F.  R.  Eldridge,  Jr;r  Lynn  W.  Meekins,  Harvey  P.  Middleton 


AMAGAZiNE/  INTERNATIONAL   COMMERCE 


^i' rBaiiii*Ni!rrii:r^(ii3fiiiriii3rEiiriTiirsiiitcii!Tiiiiciii»iiiitiiir<iii>Ltiirpiiifiiiriiii9 1 till rci:d heifi riiiJ lpii i ciiii leiijiiii i tiir-riiiiciiii [iiiiftirfiiirttiiiuiiriiiiiiiiij i iiifiii  - J ■  ■■■  Liiiat^iiitiiirj PiisJiiiJt-iii»jiiii}iiia.4iii^i*iic4iiiLtiiij'iiiii iJiirtiiiJ i pii^fiiii pei« tjiiit^iii riiiii^ pii i rp>ji i tr jj rrii^Ertid i hii^jiiiiit^fir+tiiiii i rtiirt-^ 

]    HAVE  YOU  OUR  CATALOG?    I 


REYNOLDS  STORE  AND 
FACTORY  TRUCK 


CASTERS 
Over  100  Styles  and  Sizes 


CONCRETE  MIXERS  — Many  Sizes 

We  Will  Gladly  Send  You  a  Copy  and 
Quote  Prices 


OUR  STOCK  IS  COMPLETE 


MANUFACTURERS 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address 
"Quolansinjj" 
San    Francisco 


HAND  TRUCKS 
For  Every  Purpose 


STEEL  AND  WOOD 
WHEELS 


11  nniumi  uuuiiiuiu  minni  niu  uu  uuii  [uiuuniuniiiniiuumiimiiiiiimiiii  nil  i  nil  i  muni  inuiiuinuuiiinui  nut  nu^ 


=911 miimiimiimiu p  mi  in  in  i'iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'iiiiiiii: iiiiiiiinii.  hi  iir'Miiiin.'iii  iiiiini  .ii'  iii'iiiiiiiiiiin in.  in  in,  mi  in uuiiuiiiiuuiuiumuiiii iiiiiiiiimiiiniiiiiimiiiiiiimn niiimni iinuinunuunuiuuunuuiuuinuu 

PURNELL  &  PAGET 

ARCHITECTS 

AND 

CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

CHAS.  S.  PAGET,  A.S.M.  A.M.  S.  C.E. 

Investigations — Inspections  Bridges  and  Steel   Structures 

Reports  and  Valuations  #         Wharf  and  Dock  Construction 

Design   and  Supervision   of  Construction     R.  ,   Harbor  Work* 

for  Industrial  Plants  and  Buildings  Klver  .and   Harbor    Works 

Power   Plants  Investigation    and    Development   of    Mining 

Difficult   Foundations  Properties 

ESTABLISHED  IN  CHINA  16  YEARS 

f  Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
OFFICES    <^  Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,  China 

[  American  National  Bank  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telegraphic  Address,  "PANEL"  Western  Union  Code,  A.B.C.,  5th  Edition 


Juiumniuiiniinuuuiiu linn I iiiiiiiiiiiini mil iinin miimiimiimiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiimiiiiiii n m nun iimiimii miimii miimiimiimimnii u nun iiiii n liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiu i mm 


August    1  9  I  9  129 

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I 

j    Java-China-Japan  Lijn    I 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 

BETWEEN 

San  Francisco 

AND  I 

■ 

I    Netherlands  East  Indies    I 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  mm  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATA  VIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco 

fj)i  1 1 1 111 111 1  ii iniiii mill  1  mi  11  ittn  1 1  ill  1 1 1 111 1  iif  1 1 111  ui mi  1  iiji  11 1111 1  ril  1 1 1 111 1 1 iiMiiiiiniiiiiiinii 1 iiiiiiiiiiiihiiiiiiiiiiiii nun lilllillli miiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii«  juiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii miimiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 


130 


Pan  Pacific 


L ' ' ' ' ' ' ;  ■ '  1 1 .  ■  1 1 : .- 1 1 1 ,  _  1 1 1 ;  1 1 1 , . :  1 1  r :  1 1 : .  1 1 1 ,- 1 1 1 . .  ■  1 1 i  i  i : : 1 1 , .  j  1 1  i  ■  i  i i : : :  i  !  1 1 : ;  1 1 1 . :  1 1 1   1 1  i :  1 1 1 : !  1 1 1 1 ; '  I  r  r  1 1 1  r ; i  1 1 1 : 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  r  e  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 :  j  1 1 1  '  1 1 1  ■  ■ :  ■ !  : :  1 1 1  j  1 1 1 r  1 1 1  i '  1 1 1 1 !  1 1 1  - 1 1 1 1  - 1 1 1  - 1 1 1 :  -  J iMiiiimiiiiimiimimilllllimiimiinilllilllMlllllllillllMiiiMllimimilimlimilllllimillMlllMlllllllllll!! 


JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc. 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

HARDWARE 

Direct  From  Factory  to  Dealer  or  Consumer 

We  Are  Direct  Factory  Agents  For 
"Russwin"  Builders  Hardware 


General  Hardware 

Parlor  Door  Hangers 
Barn  Door  Hangers 
Roofing  and  Building  Paper 
Tackle  Blocks  and  Pulleys 
Paint  and  Wire  Brushes 
Cordage  and  Chain 


Household  Goods 

Stoves — Ranges 

Tinware 

Aluminum  and  Enamelware 

Bathroom  Fixtures 

Electric  and  Gas  Appliances 

Chinaware  and  Glassware 


Paints 

Oils 

Varnishes 

TOOLS 

We  carry  a  Complete  Line  of 
Wrenches — Files — Mechanics,  Machinists  and  Automobile  Tools,  Drills  and  Edged  Tools 

=====  Manufacturers  of== 

Special  Steel  Tools — Fire  Door  Hardware — Crowbars — Chisels — Punches — Ripping  Bars 

Sporting  Goods 

Arms  and  Ammunition — Cutlery — Baseball — Tennis  and  Golf  Accessories 
We  also  handle  the  Celebrated  Lines  of 
EDWIN  M.  KNOWLES  CHINA  COMPANY 
FOSTORIA  GLASS  COMPANY 
BUFFALO  POTTERY  (Hotel  China) 

Foreign   Orders  Promptly  and   Carefully   Executed 

When   ordering   any   of  the   above   articles   or   asking  for  catalogs  be  sure  to  give  full  particulars 

CORRESPONDENCE  IN  ALL  LANGUAGES 
Will  act  as  purchasing  agent  on  a  brokerage  basis  for  responsible  houses 

—  Address  — 

JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc. 

1053  Market  Street       San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


^tlllllllirilll  II>>I>>]M!> Illlll  lltlllllllllllll  lllllll  lllllllll  lllllll  IIMIII1IJII1I1J  IlilllllllLltJII  llllllli 1MIIMII11IIII  lllllll  llltllllMIIIIll  IIMIII1IIIIIIII I1IIIM IIIIIII  Jllllf  III  I  mill  III  J IIIIMIJIIM  lllim  IIMI1J  J11I1  till  1  Mill  I IIUIII11MII  Jll  Htllll  lllltlllt 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 )  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 II 1 1  >  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F  III !  I  h I  fe 


August    19  19 


131 


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MANUFACTURERS 


AND 


WHOLESALE  DEALERS  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— CHILDRENS  AND  INFANTS 

SHOES 

WE    HAVE  ONE   OF  THE    LARGEST    STOCKS    ON    THE    PACIFIC    COAST 

ALL  STAPLE  AND  LATEST  STYLES  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  CHARGES  PREPAID 


Cable  Address 
"NESCO"  Bentley's  Code 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  CO. 


25  FREMONT  STREET 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  LJ.  S.  A. 


Pacific  Coast 

United    States  of  America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 


The  100%  Club 

Arcade  Floor  Monadnock  Bldg, 


San  F 


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BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  | 

Cup,    Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL    INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    | 

OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
!      SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.   Luna   Blnondo,   Manila,     1 
P.   I.— P.   M.   SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,   N.  S.  W.— 
P.   LAFARGUE,   Casllla  308,   Valparaiso,   Chile 

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VJ  rciii  rrij  i  iiiii  iiij  ii:j  rcij  l  Ml]  rill  i  rii  i  riii  riiij  rill  liii  i  rtn  i  mi  mi  i  til  i  fiij  tin  i  riu  mi  i  ill  1 1  ill  riiu  itu  ten  inif  mi  i  m  i  run  inn  mi  i  mi  mlTiiiif  tint  iiimiir  mrf '^ 

|         JAMES  P.  DWAN         | 

621  American  National  Bank  Building 

EXPORTER  —  IMPORTER 

General  Purchasing  Agent  for  Foreign  Buyers 

Building  Materials 
Machinery,  Ores,  Metals,  Oils 

Offices  at 

539  CITIZENS  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING 

Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

MISSIONS  BUILDING,  THE  BUND,  CANTON,  CHINA 

Cable  Address,  "DWAN" 

In mum iiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini miiiiir 

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The  Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.  Co.,  Inc.   | 

Parent   Company   Established   1873 
IMPORTERS  —  EXPORTERS 
COMMISSION  MERCHANTS 
Laughlin  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A 

TEA,  COFFEE,  SPICES,  COCOA  BEANS,  CHICLE,  RUBBER, 
COPRA.  PEANUTS,  PALM  OIL,  COCOANUT  OIL,  TAPIOCA,     5 
GENERAL  PRODUCE. 

I     EXPORTS—  I 

HARDWARE,      MACHINERY,      TOOLS,      LUMBER,      DRIED     I 
FRUITS,  CANNED  FRUITS,  CANNED  SARDINES,   CANNED     = 
SALMON,      CANNED     TUNA,      CALIFORNIA     BEVERAGES,      i 
GENERAL  PRODUCE. 
Sole   Export  Agents  for  South  and  Central  America  of  "M.  O.   E." 
REFINED   ELATERITE   Carbonlte  Coating.     Air  Water,   Acid, 
Alkali,    Oxygen,    Nitrogen    and    Electricity-proof 
Write  for  Catalogue  and   Sample.     Good  Territory  Open. 
Cable  Address:  '"CLEIMPCO."     All  Codes 
Correspondence    Solicited     and     Conducted     in     All     Languages 

^tiflili  iiitriiisiti>tiiiifJiir9iii»iiitiiiiiiEi>iiirirriif]iimiiitiiii;tiiirtiii>tiiitiiiittiittiijiiiiirtiiitiiiitiiiitiiitiiiiiiiiitiii.iriiiitEiiiiiiiriiiir  nut  mil  t  tiirrir  nr  iT=t 


an  rrancisco 


|    An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained   for  the  benefit  of    1 
|    buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is    1 
|     maintained     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers.     = 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and  I 

|    merchants.     Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods  i 

|    and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.       All  are  leaders  in  1 
|    their  line. 

;    We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation. 

I     Business   connections   established.      Correspondence   invited   in   any   foreign     i 
[     language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE.  Sec.-Treas,        | 

=  E 

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Cambria  Spring  Company    I 

INCORPORATED 


"PROVEN  QUALITY" 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee* Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 
7  iiiiiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiniti tiuiitiiiiiuiiimiuiiMiitiiii [iiiiiiimin riinrniri mi itn i iiiitiinijiiimiiiiiii eiiiiiiii iiiitiiiiinii jii i un i un M 11 1 1 1 r 1 1 1 m irr 


132 


Pan  Pacific 


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CHAS.    M.    PAGANINI 


EDWARD   P.    BARRY     l 


Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 
|   Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast  \     § 
Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books       \      § 
Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 

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I MORELAND  MOTOR  TRUCKS  I 


All  Moreland  motor  trucks  burn  distillate  instead  of  gasoline,  assuring  you  of  a  50%  decrease  in  fuel  cost. 

Moreland  trucks  are  manufactured  in  Los  Angeles —  a  Pacific  Coast  Port. 

Buy  a  Moreland  and  insure  your  investment.     There  are  countless  Morelands  working  in  various 

Pacific  Coast  countries. 

MORELAND  MOTOR  TRUCK  CO. 


General  Offices,  Factory  and  Sales  Department 


1701-31  North  Main  Street 


Los  Angeles,  Calif.,  U.  S.  A. 


?iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiHiiiiiiiniiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiniiiiiiiiini     BEST    FOR    THE    WEST    "<iii"Miiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii>iiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniiiiiiiMiiiiiiMiiiiii! 


A  u  gust    19  19 


133 


£11 Illllllllllllllllll 1 1 1  r  I M 1  ]  rt  I  111  I II 1 1 II 1 1 II 1 1 Illlll i     III!  Mli'lll!  III!  Ill:  ill:  111,'IH  lllll  li!  Illl.ll!:  Ill,'!l.     Il,'lli:'ll!     11!^  illll  Mill  III!  1111111111111111111 1 Illlll Mllllllll 1 1  III 1 1 1 1  III!  I  [III  Hill     I!  Illll  Hill  I  llllllllll "II     III     III  1111111111; 

I    OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO    !  ^E9M^.  CTJ  S\  Tj>  O 

^  ^  ^  MEN'S,  LADIES'  AND  I 

CHILDREN'S 
SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES    ! 

also 
RUBBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES    { 

on  hand  for  immediate  shipment 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


|    SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET    I 


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I  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  | 

Shoes  Wholesale 

|  216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.   | 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Benttey  Code 

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I  Standard  Products  Co.  I  lGLASSWARE!l 


Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office,  260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


New  York 

Pittsburgh 

Seattle 

Los  Angeles 


Shanghai 
Singapore 
Manila 
Yokohama 


EXPORTERS,  of  all  American  products,  especially  Iron 
and  Steel  Products,  Machinery,  Black  and  Galvanized 
Pipe,  either  American  or  English  Thread,  Paints,  Var- 
nishes, Cutlery,  Sanitary  Fixtures,  Railway  Supplies, 
Asbestos,  Leather  Belting,  Explosives,  Imitation 
Leather,  Automobile  Trucks,  Tractors,  Lighting  Fix- 
tures, Chain,  Plate  and  Window  Glass,   Fabrikoid. 

IMPORTERS,  Raw  Materials  from  Asia,  Camel's  Hair, 
Animal  Hair,  Bristles,  Furs,  Hides  and  Skins,  Human 
Hair,  Egg  Products,  Nuts,  Oils,  Etc. 


Code  Word  "PERKINS."     All  Codes  Used. 


References,  First  National  Bank,  Bank  of  Italy,  Dun's 
or  Bradstreet's,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


(FOR  TABLE  AND  SIDEBOARD) 

=  = 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 

DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY   TO   DEALER 

|     (I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    1 

|    catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language)    I 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.    Knowles   China   Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 

Cable   Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND  | 

1   618  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A.   j 

=  = 

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I         Murry  Jacobs 

Jacobs  &  Gile 

DIRECT  MILL  REPRESENTATIVES 

IRON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Cast  Iron  Water  Pipe 
Hydrants  and  Valves 


Railway  Exchange  Building 
Portland,  Oregon 


L.  C.  Smith  Building 
Seattle,  Washington 


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Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABAYA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable  Address:   "INTRACO" 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   5th  Edition 


Import    Products  of  all 

Countries   where    we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:    SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

JMIIIIIIIIHIIIlllMIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIimillllMIIIM 


134 


Pan  Pacific 


jiiuiiiiiiiililinillliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiHiiiminiM 

|    Shippers  Commercial  Corporation    | 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 


EXPORTERS 


Cable  Address:  SHIPCOMCO 

ALL  CODES  USED 

IMPORTERS 


Trade  Mark 


CANNED 
SALMON 


Pacific  Coast  Products 


CANNED 

MILK 


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Cable  Address:  "DILL" 


Watch  for  this  Trade-Mark 


EXPORTERS  OF 

Steel  Products 

Chemicals 

Dye  Stuff 

Acids 

Hematine 

Barytes 

Caustic  Soda 

Soda  Ash 

Phenol 

I 

^osin 

Turpentine 

and  Raw  Materials  for  All  Industries 

IMPORTERS  OF 

Fish  Oil 

Cocoanut  Oil 

Castor  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil 

Rape  Seed  Oil 

Tallow 

Hides 

Beans 

Peanuts 

Coffee 

Copra 
Rattans  Etc. 

Silks 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi     • 

Cable  Addresses: 

SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "Kelley" 

TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


DILL  CROSETT,  Inc. 


235  Pine  Street 

Branch  Offices 
128  William  Street  New  York 

328  Sannomiya-Cho,  1  Chome    Kobe  Japan 
Union  Bank  Chambers         Sydney,  Australia 


San  Francisco   = 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile   Machinery 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


nnu iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiii mini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiii milium h ffi        niinn miimmini lllllll limiimiiiiiiimmil in i miiinimiimiii minim i lima 

'4miiiimmiiimiimiiiiiitmiimiimiimiimiimiiiiiiim nimiimiimiiMiimiimiiiimmiimiMiiimimiiMMiiiNiimiimiMMimiimiimiimiimiimiiiiiimiimiimiimiim 

THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON 

Electrical  and  Mining  Machinery 

Complete  Electrical  Shop — Specialists  on  Rewinding 
Machinery  of  All  Kinds 


COMPLETE  INSTALLATIONS  MADE 


316  FIRST  STREET,  SO. 


SEATTLE,  WASH. 


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August    19  19 


135 


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PLANTING  THE 
FLAG  OF  THE 
ADMIRAL     LINE 
IN  THE  ORIENT 


L.  Dinkelspiel  Company 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


DRY  GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


NOTIONS  and 
FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods  —  Linens  — 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  Ticks 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  — 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  — 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
112  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco        8  BRIDGE  ST.,  New  York        § 
]     Manila      Hong  Kong      Vladivostok      Shanghai      Singapore       Kobe     Yokohama     =         E 

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=^<  [Mi]  til] tiiii  ti ii  Hill  in  i  mi  j  Mil  r ill iiiii  [Mir iiii  ill iiiiiii ill  jiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiii iiiiiic iiittiiiiiiir ill i  tiiiti iimiii iiiitiiitj iiriinitiiiriii mint iiiiinii  tnu  ii nr iilI 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


PRINTERS 

STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment 

Office   Furniture 

Loose  Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE   SUPPLIES 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


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136  Pan   Pacific 

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I  NIPPON  YUSEN   KAISHAJ  |  Skinner  &  Eddy  Corporation  I 

(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.)  J  1 

Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head   Office,   Tokyo 


RECORD 

BUILDERS 


Fleet  99 — Gross  Tonnage,  600,000 

|  TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE  | 

I  Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports,   | 

Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 

All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

■£  = 

=    Greatly   Improved    Fast    Service   of   Large,    Hlgh-Powered    Modern     1 

Twin  and   Triple   Screw   Steamships   with   Unequaled 

Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT: 

=     S.   S.   Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons        S.  S.  Katorl  Maru 19,200  tons  | 

S.   S.   Fushlmi    Maru. ...21, 020  tons         S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons  ~ 

S.   S.    Kashlma    Maru. .19,200  tons        S.   S.    Kamo    Maru 16,000  tons  .- 

|        For   further   information,   rates,   tickets,   berth    reservation,    etc.,  | 

=    apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United  States  = 

|    and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs.  § 

=    Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist  I 
|    agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


OF 


Steel  Cargo 
STEAMSHIPS 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


!   SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


U.  S.  A. 


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!     Cable  Address,  "Connell" 


All  Codes    I 


Connell  Bros. 
Company 

GENERAL  IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


HOME  OFFICE 
L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICE 
485  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


Rothwell  &  Co.  inc. 

420  Alaska  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 

97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517  Kobe 

New  York  Havana,  Cuba-  '  Japan 

404  Insurance  Exchange 

San  Francisco    . . 


IMPORTS: 

China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perijla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame   Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 


|    Shanghai 

i 
I 


OFFICES  ALSO  AT 
Manila     ■        Hong  Kong 


EXPORTS: 

Singapore    j       [    Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resrn,'^Dye- 

stuffs,. Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


Correspondence  Solicited 

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August    19  19 


137 


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1 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry Consulting  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas-  Runchordas  India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

F.  J.  Menzles  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,   while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618   Mission    Street,   San    Francisco 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

Preparing  for  Foreign  Trade. Wm.  Rutledge  McGarry  139 

China's  Arms  Are  Open Lynn  W.  Meekins  11*2 

Latin-American  Harbors Dr.  W.  E.  Aughinbaugh  11*3 

Potentiality  of  Portland  Sydney  B.  Vincent  11*1* 

U.  S.  Aids  Far  East  Commerce F.  R.  Eldridge  Jr.  11*6 

Sellers  Must  Use  Buyers'  Language  Dr.  Angel  Cesar  Rivas  11*7 

Russia's  Wealth  11*8 

Investment  Opportunities  in  Mexico  P.  Harvey  Middleton  152 

Mobilize  the  Soldiers  for  Overseas  Commerce Herbert  J.  Spinden  153 

The  Armistice  and  the  Orient Arthur  Rude  151* 

Why  Buyers  Should  Visit  Los  Angeles..... M.  M.  Rathbun  156 

Seeing  the  Time  in  the  Dark 0.  E.  Mack  158 


m 


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138  Pan  Pacific 

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I 


I  *H£  Ocean    Transport    <2>.,*n>.  | 

(  TAIYO    KAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA  )  I 

OF    KOBE.  JAPAN 

Agents   At  All  Principal    Ports   |m  Inc    World 

Operating      Modern     Freiftkt     Steamers 
100    Al    Lloyds 

Regular      Direct       Service 

"To      St      F*oh 
San  Francisco  Seattle;  Vancouver 

And 

Yokohama,  Kobe,  Shanghai, 

Hongkong.  Manila,  | 

Singapore 

Frequent       Sailings    To 

Vladivostok  &  North  China  Ports 

We    Solicit    Yovr    Inquiries   For  C^rooes 
To    All  Principal  Ports   In   Ire  World 

<rans  Oceanic  Q>. 

PAClfIC     COAtf    ACE  NTS 

San   FRAwcisco     <*,        Seattle        —        V/ac*COUV€* 

324    SANJ*OM«    ST  AMERICAN  6*»R*  0L»«.  Yo«KSM|R«      EtDO. 

Chicago         ^        Mew    York 

646   MflR«8Li€ffe    RC06  71     0flOADWAV 

=  = 

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A ugust    19  19 


139 


Preparing  for  Foreign  Trade 

The    Ultimate    Aim    of    Any    Government  Should  Be  the  Promotion  of  Human 
Happiness,    Says   International  Trade  Authority 


A  NATION  which  finds  itself 
thrown  suddenly  into  monu- 
mental debt  has  the  alternative  of 
universal  bankruptcy  or  hard  work. 
The  nation,  like  the  man  who  desires 
to  succeed  in  business  and  be  esteemed 
honest  and  progressive  among  his  fel- 
lowmen,  in  such  a  situation  must  re- 
nounce the  ignoble  and  easy  highway 
of  bankruptcy  and  repudiation,  for  the 
sterner  and  nobler  duty  of  finding  em- 
ployment for  all  of  its  people  in  order 
to  discharge  its  obligations  to  civil- 
ized society. 

The  government  of  any  nation  which 
ignores  this  elementary  principle  of 
social  integrity  is  not  only  unfit  to 
govern,  but  becomes  a  lingering  in- 
dictment against  the  capacity  of  its 
people  to  discharge  their  obligations 
to  the  human  race.  Against  such  an 
unjust  aspersion — against  the  ignominy 
of  such  an  indictment — men  of  high 
purpose  will  always  revolt  and  over- 
throw the  government  which  thus  ex- 
poses them  to  misery,  dishonesty  and 
tne. 
Trade  and  National 
Prosperity  the  Aim 
he  ultimate  aim  of  any  govern- 
teiit  should  be  the'  promotion  of 
human  happiness.     The  means  of  satis- 

1  fying  this  human  desire  has,  in  all 
ages  and  in  all  countries,  determined 
the  methods  and  conditioned  the  at- 
tainment of  this  fundamental  national 
purpose.  It  forms  the  very  broad  base 
of  man's  impulse  to  acquire,  to  build, 

:  to  barter  and  trade  so  as  to  develop  a 
surplus  or  profit  as  a  practical  insur- 
ance against  want  and  distress. 

Thus  men  and  nations  have  co-oper- 
ated from  time  immemorial  to  acquire 
those  strategical  advantages  in  the 
trade  relations  of  the  world  which 
best  secure  their  country  and  them- 
selves from  idleness  and  want.  For  it 
is  ltut  trite  to  say  that  where  no  com- 
merce exists  poverty  and  idleness  tri- 
umph,   society   starves,   and   the    ema- 

I  eiated  nation  sinks  in  subjugation  to 
a  more  enterprising  and  inventive 
race.  Hence,  as  a  matter  of  SELF- 
DEFENSE,  we  find  virile  nations  and 


By  WILLIAM  RUTLEDGE  McGARRY 
— o — 


WM.    RUTLEDGE    McGARRY 

triumphant  races  sustaining  the  ma- 
chinery of  commerce  and  trade,  the 
world  over,  by  negotiation  or  force. 

This  has  often  produced  war  and 
been  succeeded  by  public  debt,  which 
means  INCREASED  taxation,  and  tax- 
ation, in  turn,  means  the  confiscation 
of  private  property  unless  the  tax- 
payers of  a  nation  develop  this  taxable 
surplus  in  what  we  call  "external," 
"foreign"  or  "international  trade." 
This  is  the  only  way  to  escape  confis- 
cation through  taxation — this  horrible 
penalty  of  war. 

One  cannot  get  rich  by  trading  with 
one's  self.  Nor  can  a  nation  create  a 
balance  in  its  favor  without  selling  its 
products  in  the  open  outside  markets 
of  the  world.  And  unless  this  market 
be  created  and  this  surplus  be  devel- 
oped the  aim  of  government  is  de- 
feated and  society  becomes  a  prey  to 
the  device  it  has  erected  to  promote 
the  very  happiness  it  may  ignorantly 
destroy. 


It  becomes,  therefore,  a  manifest 
duty  of  organized  society  in  this  as 
well  as  every  other  country  to  pre- 
pare for  and  promote  this  foreign 
commerce  more  intelligently  and  less 
selfishly  than  has  ever  been  attempted 
in  the  past :  For  the  past  reveals  noth- 
ing but  the  short-sighted  rivalry  of 
races  for  the  cultivated  lands  of  other 
races  which  has  resulted  in  universal 
bloodshed  and  international  ill-will. 

It  has  overlooked  entirely  the  fact 
that  MORE  THAN  HALF  the  entire 
surface  of  the  earth  has  NEVER  been 
subjected  to  the  wants  and  needs  of 
man;  that  Europe  has  subsisted  to 
this  very  hour  on  LESS  than  28  per 
cent  of  its  own  soil ;  that  Asia,  with 
more  than  HALF  the  human  race,  cul- 
tivates less  than  19  per  cent  of  its  soil, 
while  all  the  rest  remains  an  unresist- 
ing witness  of  man's  capacity  to  play 
the  sybarite  until  brought  face-to-face 
with  calamity  or  national  extinction. 

With  so  small  a  part  of  this  earth 
subjected  to  productive  enterprise  and 
with  the  WHOLE  human  family  strug- 
gling under  a  load  of  a  TWO  HUN- 
DRED BILLION  DEBT,  it  is  up  to 
every  nation  to  look  more  to  unde- 
veloped resources  and  less  enviously 
upon  their  neighbors'  goods  if  the 
pride  of  race,  the  delights  of  home 
and  the  securities  of  organized  society 
are  not  to  disappear  from  earth. 

Americans  to   Be   "Worked" 

Unless  ! 

Notwithstanding  this  sine  qua  non 
to  the  tranquility  and  progress  of  the 
world  it  is  still  advisable  to  recog- 
nize the  fact  that  commerce  always 
picks  out  the  line  of  least  resistance 
and  that  our  former  co-belligerents 
will  plan  and  plot  to  regain  the  mar- 
kets from  which  they  have  been  tem- 
porarily displaced  by  war.  They  are 
ALL  looking  for  QUICK  returns,  not 
the  slower,  surer  and  more  elaborate 
method  of  DEVELOPING  new  fields 
and  new  wealth.  They  will  cling  to 
the  DEVELOPED  narrow  little  strip 
of  earth  where  markets  are  erected  and 
let  the  broad  potential  fields  of  future 
wealth    go    to    the   Japanese    or   some 


140 


Pan   Pacific 


other   enterprising   race. 

Hence,  we  may  expect  to  see  Eng- 
land assiduously  cultivating  Siberia 
and  South  America  even  if  she  has  to 
borrow  from  the  United  States  to  re- 
loan  the  credit  to  those  necessitous  and 
very  grateful  people.  We  will  con- 
tinue to  observe  France  blindly  and 
CONFIDENTLY  giving  the  traders  of 
Turkestan  ALL  the  credit  she  can 
manage  in  America  and  absorbing  the 
silks,  the  oils,  the  bristles,  the  cocoons 
and  the  alfalfa  that  has  been  begging 
to  gain  an  output  DIRECTLY  in  this 
country,  where  they  will  ultimately 
come,  burdened  with  a  dozen  profits, 
to  encourage  the  enterprise  and  com- 
pliment the  genius,  of  the  French. 

And  so  it  will  be  with  Scandinavia 
and  Germany  and  Holland,  as  well  as 
Japan  and  Australia  and  South  Amer- 
ica, and  even  those  little  vest-pocket 
"republics"  that  are  puppet  ridden 
and  privately  manipulated  will  "play" 
the  UNITED  STATES  for  the  Altru- 
rian  Traveller  and  the  Sardanaplus  of 
the  age.  Naturally,  Americans  expect 
all  this ;  we  desire  to  be  generous  so 
that  self-interest  may  pay,  and  we  may 
be  compelled  to  become  the  pioneers 
in  developing  untrodden  paths  .of 
commerce  that  have  lain  dormant  since 
war  became  the  vehicle  of  man's  su- 
premacy over  man. 

For  this  reason,  and  on  THIS  ac- 
count, I  shall  discuss  some  of  the 
things  that  MUST  be  understood  by 
all  who  are  BIG  enough  to  engage  in 
the  necessary  enterprise  of  FOREIGN 
TRADE. 

In    Foreign    Trade 
There      Is      Profit 

Due  to  the  fact  that  so  small  a  por- 
tion of  the  earth  is  devoted  to  produc- 
tion and  to  the  natural  corollary  of 
this  condition,  the  destitute  condition 
of  more  than  HALF  the  human  race, 
the  total  international  traffic  of  the 
world  has  seldom  exceeded  $45,000,- 
000,000.  Only  a  small  percentage  of 
the  commercial  world  are  connected 
with  the  trade ;  yet  ALL  the  human 
family  are  indirectly  affected  in  its 
existence  and  orderly  promotion. 

The  very  few  men,  firms  and  cor- 
porations that  are  actively  engaged 
in  its  development  must  be  recognized 
as  benefactors  of  their  respective  races 
and  the  eyes  of  envy  should  not  be 
authorized  to  elevate  malignant 
glances  to  the  profits  of  the  enter- 
prise. They  are  entitled  to  their  prof- 
its, and  if  we  grant  only  a  profit  of 
2  per  cent  upon  the  annual  turn-over, 
an  item  of  $900,000,000  is  distributed 
among  these  few  enterprising  men. 

But  if  the  labor  cost  of  producing 
this  trade  is  taken  into  the  accounting 
it  is  safe  to  assume  that  it  will  an- 
nually support  the  entire  population 
of  Great  Britain,  discharge  the  whole 
public  debt  of  France  and  Belgium  and 
reconstruct  the  entire  railway  systems 
of  the  world.     When  the  purchasing 


power  of  the  Orient  and  Siberia  is  de- 
veloped to  a  basis  of  an  equality  with 
Europe  and  America,  it  is  conserva- 
tively estimated  that  an  international 
trade  of  TWO  HUNDRED  BILLION 
DOLLARS  may  easily  be  achieved. 

A  profit  of  10  per  cent  upon  this 
trade,  if  distributed  among  the  recent 
belligerent  nations,  would  pay  all  their 
annual  interest,  retire  their  huge  war 
indebtedness  and  ultimately  liberate 
industry  from  its  intolerable  load  of 
usury  and  taxation.  This  is  not  mere 
speculation.  From  the  raw  product 
of  the  earth  to  its  final  consumption, 
PROFITS  always  exceed  the  mere  pit- 
tance of  "10  per  cent." 

The  DEVELOPED  portion  of  Eu- 
rope, the  Americas  and  Australia,  is 
LESS  than  6  per  cent  of  the  landed 
area  of  the  world,  where  90  per  cent 
of  the  PRESENT  international  com- 
merce of  the  world  originates  and  is 
absorbed.  The  other  10  per  cent  is 
assigned  to  Asia  and  Africa,  with 
more  than  half  the  entire  population 
of  the  world  awaiting  to  be  educated, 
clothed  and  fed.  Hence  the  foreign 
trader  with  a  vision,  the  statesman 
with  constructive  thought,  the  political 
organization  with  a  patriotic  program, 
will  constitute  the  agencies  to  which 
the  human  race  must  hereafter  look 
for  the  profits  which  will  flow  from 
enterprise  responding  to  the  demands 
of  international  trade. 

Mechanics   Also   in 
Foreign     Trade 

No  business  man  should  be  in  ig- 
norance of  what  is  meant  by  this.  In 
a  banker  such  want  of  knowledge  is 
simply  inexcusable.    • 

It  is  NOT  enough  for  such  a  man  to 
be  posted  merely  in  the  different  kinds 
of  bills  of  exchange,  the  price  re- 
lationship of  these  bills,  the  position 
of  our  own  to  foreign  money  markets, 
or  the  profit  possibilities  of  exchange. 
He  should  know  something  of  the 
sources  of  supply  and  demand,  under- 
stand the  influence  of  money  rates 
on  the  inter-changeability  of  commo- 
dities, be  familiar  with  the  practice 
of  converting  and  be  able  to  adjust 
an  international  balance  without  ex- 
porting the  money  media  of  his  coun- 
try. If  he  does  not  know  these  things 
as  well  as  the  technique  of  foreign 
trade  he  is  a  poor  custodian  of  the 
depositor's  funds  in  this  or  any  other 
country. 

Hereafter  BANKING  must  BE, 
rather  than  SEEM,  an  actual  mechan- 
ism in  the  instrumentalities  of  govern- 
ment that  are  erected  to  PROMOTE, 
as  well  as  facilitate,  the  interchange 
of  produce  for  the  creation  of  NEW 
WEALTH. 

Hereafter  PROGRESSIVE 
SCHOOLS  WILL  introduce  a  course 
in: 

(I)  The  history  of  commerce. 
(II)  Sales     practice     in     foreign 
trade. 


(Ill)  Staple   commodities  of   com- 
merce. 

(IV)  The  documental  technique  of 
foreign    trade. 
(V)  The     principles     of     ocean 
transportation. 

(VI)  The    device    of    foreign    ex- 

change. 

(VII)  The  influence  of  tariffs  and 

treaties. 
(VIII)   The  propriety  of  export  and 
import    combinations. 
(IX)  The   influence   of  ports  and 
terminal  facilities  upon  the 
competitive  forces  of  ALL 
industrial  races. 
It  is  a  very  practical  outline,  easily 
within  the  grasp  of  common  school  in- 
telligence, and  should  be  embraced  by 
all  people  who  are  worthy  to  perform 
their  appropriate  share  in  the  future 
reconstruction  of  the  world. 

Analyze  one  of  these  sections  and 
see  how  interesting  it  is  to  any  vigor- 
ous mind.  Take  (II)  "Sales  Practice 
in  Foreign  Trade."  The  student  nat- 
urally begins  with  the  PRODUCER 
himself.  He  will  make  a  survey  of 
the  SALES  problem,  investigate  the 
markets  and  finally  encounter  the  ex- 
port  field  with  all  its  agencies,  mid- 
dlemen, diversified  needs  and  strat- 
egical advantages  of  place. 

He  will  organize  his  PROMOTION 
campaign,  canvass  the  various  "com- 
binations," balance  the  advantages 
and  disadvantages  of  "exclusive"  and 
"combination"  salesmen,  time  his 
annual  selling  trips,  do  the  routing  so 
as  to  save  time  and  money,  organize 
his  POLICY,  learn  when  and  how  to 
shift  his  trade  routes  so  as  to  take 
advantage  of  the  "market  seasons"  in  I 
the  country  which  promises  most  ad- 
vantages to  his  enterprising  brain. 

Will      Be      Fascinated 
By   New    Surroundings 

If  he  opens  connections  in  China  he 
will  become  fascinated  by  its  history, 
its  art,  its  multitudinous  dialects,  its 
compradores,  the  beautiful  trade  center 
at  Hong  Kong.  He  will  select  the  winter 
season  for  his  first  visit  to  that  place. 
Here  he  will  penetrate  the  "British 
Sphere ' '  and  find  the  ' '  Hongs ' '  of  trade. 
Here  he  will  realize  how  little  river 
transportation  actually  advances  a  com- 
mercial country  when  compared  to  rail- 
ways, but  he  will  also  learn  what  a 
good  harbor  means  as  a  base  of  inter- 
national trade.  He  will  discover  also 
that  Mandarin,  instead  of  French,  is 
the  official  language  of  trade.  And  if  | 
he  is  wise  he  will  learn  3,000  of  the  I 
49,400  idiographs  so  as  to  master  the 
trading  polyglot  that  assumes  a  dif- 
ferent sound  and  form  in  nearly  every 
province.  He  will  also  find  it,  if  he 
advances  to  the  interior,  profitable  to 
cultivate  the  Mongol  chiefs  and  as- 
certain, for  packing  purposes,  whether 
wheelbarrows,  motors  or  camels  are  to 
be  used  in  distributing  his  wares. 


August    19  19 


141 


THE    UNITED    STATES   PRODUCES   FORTY    PER    CENT    OF    THE    WORLD'S    OUTPUT    OF 

IRON    AND    STEEL 


Of  course,  the  latest  trading  condi- 
tions and  the  resources  of  the  terri- 
tory, as  well  as  the  currency  prob- 
lems and  banking  facilities,  will  form 
an  important  part  of  the  salesman's 
study  in  every  region  where  he  desires 
to  establish  a  PERMANENT  and  prof- 
itable trade.  Back  of  it  all  will  be 
the  curious  advertising  problem — the 
psychology  of  business  getting,  which 
presents  innumerable  possibilities  to 
the  artistic  and  creative  mind. 

The  entire  course  easily  classifies 
itself  under  five  sections,   embracing: 

(a)  The  technical  handling   of  for- 

eign business. 

(b)  The  mechanics  of  importing  and 

exporting. 

(c)  The    economics,    geography    and 

organization    of    international 
politics  and  commerce. 

(d)  The  financial  mechanism  of  in- 

ternational trade. 

(e)  The    etiquette    of   business    get- 

ting by  the  salesman  in  for- 
eign lands. 
This,  it  would  seem,  is  quite  enough 
if  properly  developed  in  the  school  of 
foreign  trade.     A  graduate  from  such 
a  course  would  know  at  once : 

(1)  What  a  letter  of  inquiry  should 

contain. 

(2)  The  full  and  comprehensive  na- 
ture of  the  reply. 

(3)  Where  and  how  to  get  his  credit 
report. 

(4)  How  to  number,  mark,  code  and 
invoice  the  order. 

(5)  How  to  make  use  of  the  refer- 
ence and  properly  acknowl- 
edge the  order. 

(6)  How  to  pack  and  mark  the 
consignment,  get  his  shipping 
permit  and  dock  receipt  and 
the  necessary  licenses. 

(7)  How  to  obtain  his  clearance, 
make  his   export   declaration, 


certificate   of   origin   and   bill 
of  lading. 

(8)  What  kind  of  insurance  to  pro- 

cure and  what  to  do  with  his 
invoices. 

(9)  How  to  make  his  draft,  obtain 

collection   and   dictate   appro- 
priate advice  of  shipment. 

He  will  also  learn  how  to  procure 
his  drawbacks,  understand  the  con- 
sular requirements  of  foreign  coun- 
tries and  the  methods  of  protecting 
his  trade  marks  in  the  regions  pene- 
trated. 

Experts   Are  Needed 
And    Not    Alarmists 

It  is  not  a  difficult  operation,  but 
it  is  of  such  supreme  importance  in 
the  economy  of  our  future  life  that  it 
should  be  comprehensive  and  com- 
plete. It  should  not  be  dallied  with 
by  itinerant  preachers  who  appear  be- 
fore some  of  our  Foreign  Trade  Clubs 
and  abuse  the  delicate  civilizations 
they  have  scarcely  examined  and 
never  understood.  If  it  is  to  be  taught 
at  all  EVERY  SECTION  should  be 
placed  under  an  expert  in  his  line  who 
will  studiously  render  prominent  the 
rationale  of  commercial  movement, 
blazing  his  way  through  the  jungle  of 
ages  along  a  course  that  will  articu- 
late the  progressive  unity  of  scien- 
tific organization  and  render  encour- 
agement and  facilitation  to  the  col- 
lateral reading  indispensable  to  a  com- 
prehensive and  responsive  knowledge 
of  the  fluctuations  of  market  oppor- 
tunities   and    commercial    possibilities. 

We  hear  very  few  of  the  latter.  And 
the  reason  is  sufficiently  apparent  to 
one  who  makes  it  his  business  to  be 
posted  on  the  diplomacy  of  interna- 
tional commerce,  to  justify  the  fore- 
going remarks.  To  be  very  candid,  it 
is  either  the  result  of  monumental  IG- 
NORANCE  among  our   friends  or   of 


plausible  PROPAGANDA  by  the  en- 
rolled and  paid  secret  servants  of  com- 
petitive organizations.  In  either  event 
it  is  well  to  be  on  your  guard  when 
you  hear  and  read  the  alarmist. 

An  instance  occurred  recently,  when 
a  camp  follower  returned  from  Si- 
beria, that  may  serve  as  an  illustra- 
tion: "The  Bolsheviks  are  every- 
where," he  lamented.  "It's  impossi- 
ble to  understand  those  people!"  he 
dogmatized,  thinking  that  none  in  the 
audience  understood  Russia  or  the 
Russians.  "Why,"  he  rambled  along, 
heroically,  "I'd  like  to  know  how  a 
'white  man'  can  do  business  among  a 
bunch  of  mavaricks  talking  a  lan- 
guage that  turns  a  double  somersault 
in  a  muchly  bewhiskered  mouth !  Why, 
when  they  were  building  the  Tower 
of  Babel  one  of  the  masons  threw  a 
trowel  full  of  mortar  into  the  face  of 
another,  and  what  THAT  fellow  said 
was— RUSSIAN!" 

Any  one  who  might  be  influenced  by 
such  asinine  criticism  and  such  mani- 
fest ignorance  of  Russia  and  Russian 
ideals  as  are  suggested  in  these  quo- 
tations should  stick  to  his  onion  patch 
as  the  appropriate  atmosphere  for  the 
exercise  of  his  mental  attainments. 
He  is  too  bucolic  a  dillitante  to  ever 
become  sufficiently  polished  in  the  re- 
fining lapidary  of  international  com- 
merce to  make  a  success. 

Which   of  the  Races 
Is    Really    Civilized? 

Manifestly  sensible  men  will  prefer 
to  extend  their  commercial  relations 
to  races  that  are  civilized.  And  the 
intelligent  merchant,  in  making  his 
trade  survey  and  organizing  his  pro- 
motion campaign,  will  first  test  his  se- 
lected "civilization"  by  the  univers- 
ally recognized  and  accepted  dogmas 
of  elementary  culture.     He   will  ask: 

(a)  Is  the  national  morality  wide- 
spread and  reasonable?  (b)  How  ex- 
tensive is  the  intelligence?  (c)  How 
complete    is    the    social    organization? 

(d)  Are  the  means  of  wealth  plentiful 
and  capable  of  just  distribution?  (e) 
Does  the  government  aid  without 
preventing     individual    advancement? 

(f)  To  what  extent  is  art  cultivated 
for  the  general  diffusion  of  good  taste 
and  refinement?  (g)  To  all  these  does 
the  nation  assume  an  attitude  of  har- 
monious attachment? 

Judge  by  these  standards,  regardless 
of  the  temporary  inebriety  of  political 
organizations,  why  should  an  intelli- 
gent trader  or  banker  prefer  Southern 
Asia  to  Asiatic  Russia?  India  may  be 
better  organized,  industrially,  perhaps, 
but  her  resources  are  practically  under 
the  control  of  competitors.  In  all 
other  respects  the  inhabitants  of  Asi- 
atic Russia  excel  in  the  foregoing  re- 
quirements. 

(Continued  on  page  155) 


142 


Pan  Pacific 


China's  Arms  Are  Open  to  America 

Nation  With  More  Than  400,000,000  Population  Is  Dropping  Superstitions  and 
Demanding  Modern  Merchandise  and   Supplies 


WITH  Europe  standing  in  the 
bread  line  and  South  America 
becoming  better  explored  and  ex- 
ploited, the  Far  East  naturally  looms 
up  as  the  most  attractive  present  mar- 
ket for  the  American  manufacturer 
and  exporter.  The  people  are  there 
and  the  money  is  there.  It  is  simply 
a  case  of  finding  out  what  their  needs 
are  and  supplying  them  with  the  goods 
desired.  Outside  of  the  United  States, 
there  are  about  sixteen  hundred  mil- 
lion people  in  the  world,  of  whom  four 
hundred  million  live  in  China. 

At  present  the  Chinese  buy  about 
$1.50  worth  of  imported  merchandise 
per  capita  each  year.  If  this  were  in- 
creased to  $2,  the  total  purchases  of 
foreign  goods  would  advance  to  $800,- 
000,000  annually.  So  China  is  a  mar- 
ket in  which  little  things  count,  and 
just  because  shiploads  of  automobiles 
and  grand  pianos  do  not  find  a  sale 
there  now  the  American  exporter 
should  not  infer  that  the  trade  field 
is  either  cheap  or  small. 

Purchasing    Power     Low 
Because    Lacking    Roads 

China's  purchasing  power  is  low  on 
account  of  the  uneven  distribution  of 
its  large  population,  which  is  due  to 
the  lack  of  transportation  facilities. 
There  are  practically  no  roads  and 
only  six  thousand  miles  of  railroads 
serving  an  area  one-sixth  larger  than 
that  of  the  United  States,  so  that  wat- 
erways afford  the  only  means  of  com- 
munication in  most  sections  of  the 
country. 

In  addition  to  presenting  a  remark- 
able opportunity  to  American  manu- 
facturers who  will  provide  the  neces- 
sary road  making  machinery  and  rail- 
road equipment,  the  improvement  of 
China's  transportation  will  tend  to 
equalize  the  supply  of  and  demand  foV 
labor  and  to  make  accessible  the  rich 
mineral  resources  of  the  republic,  thus 
increasing  the  buying  power  of  its 
people. 

Not  long  ago  a  young  Chinese  stu- 
dent in  one  of  our  Western  universi- 
ties expressed  his  interest  in  opening 
five  and  ten  cent  stores  in  several  ci- 
ties of  North  China.  That  way  of  do- 
ing business  is  apparently  the  best 
adapted  to  reach  the  majority  of  our 
Chinese  customers.  Their  retail  pur- 
chases are  incredibly  small.  The  cop- 
per cent  looks  big  to  them ;  if  they 
used  American  money  we  should  have 
to  mint  new  coins  representing  the 
mills  into  which  our  cents  are  nom- 
inally divided.  That,  however,  is  the 
retail  side. 


By  LYNN  W.  MEEKINS 

Trade   Commissioner,   United   States 

Bureau  of  Foreign  and  Domestic 

Commerce 

The  wholesale  side  is  an  entirely  dif- 
ferent matter.  It  has  not  been  cus- 
tomary for  the  American  firm  to  deal 
directly  with  the  Chinese  firm.  The 
business  has  been  handled  largely 
through  import  and  export  houses 
which  operate  upon  the  old  principle 
of  barter,  exchanging  American  goods 
for  Chinese  products,  and  these  con- 
cerns trade  on  an  extensive  scale. 
Vast  Coal  Fields 
Scarcely      Touched 

An  American  engineer  who  travelled 
throughout  China  told  me  the  other 
day  that  he  was  chiefly  impressed  by 
the  ample  quantity  of  available  fuel. 
There  are  vast  coal  fields,  containing 
the  largest  deposits  of  anthracite  out- 
side of  Pennsylvania,  although  the 
quality  of  the  Chinese  hard  coal  is  not 
comparable  with  that  found  in  the 
United  States.  Such  resources  presage 
an  unlimited  industrial  development 
which  is  already  under  way  as  a  direct 
result  of  the  reduction  of  imports  from 
war  causes.  Scores  of  articles  previ- 
ously obtainable  only  from  abroad  are 
now  being  manufactured  in  China,  but 
the  market  is  so  large  that  domestic 
production  cannot  begin  to  meet  the 
demand. 

The  point  is  that  as  fast  as  China 
becomes  modernized  American  export- 
ers can  sell  more  and  more  goods 
there,  for  the  United  States  has  been 
the  favored  nation  in  China  ever 
since  the  Boxer  indemnity  was  re- 
turned, and  American  merchandise  en- 
joys a  high  reputation.  Unfortu- 
nately for  the  Chinese,  they  have 
been  handicapped  by  the  two  charac- 
teristics— ancestor  worship  and  super- 
stition. 

While  they  have  looked  backward 
the  world  has  gone  on  and  left  them 
hundreds  of  years  behind.  Those  cen- 
turies cannot  be  eliminated  in  a  few 
years,  but  China's  recent  progress  is 
astonishing,  and  it  seems  reasonable 
to  believe  that  what  Japan  has  ac- 
complished in  the  past  fifty  years 
China  can  accomplish  in  the  next  few 
decades. 

Native    Superstition 
Must    Be    Overcome 

A  firm  in  Hongkong  tried  to  intro- 
duce gas  motors  among  the  owners  of 
fishing  boats  or  junks  in  the  trib- 
utary waters.  Some  fishermen  were 
favorably  impressed  with  the  idea  and 
went  so   far  as   to   order  a   few,   but 


backed  out  at  the  last  moment,  claim- 
ing that  the  installation  of  this  mod- 
ern equipment  would  result  in  "bad 
joss,"  since  their  fathers  had  never 
used  motor  power  on  their  fishing 
junks.  This  superstition  can  be  over- 
come by  the  use  of  proper  methods, 
for  the  Chinese  are  primarily  utili- 
tarians, and  it  is  simply  a  case  of 
demonstrating  to  their  satisfaction 
that  efficiency  will  overbalance  any 
possible  hoodoo. 

When  the  British  and  the  Germans 
began  to  confine  their  attention  to  the 
business  of  war,  many  countries  whose 
trade  they  had  conducted  in  whole  or 
in  part  were  left  to  shift  for  them- 
selves. A  great  deal  of  the  foreign 
trade  of  American  firms  was  handled 
by  British  and  German  houses  abroad; 
a  very  considerable  proportion  of  Chi- 
nese commerce  was  controlled  by 
them. 

During  the  last  few  years  the  Amer- 
ican exporter  has  come  to  realize  the 
value  of  Americanizing  his  foreign 
sales  just  as  far  as  he  conveniently 
can,  and  it  is  the  present  tendency 
in  China  for  native  merchants  to  par- 
ticipate more  actively  in  importing 
and  exporting.  Out  of  these  develop- 
ments should  grow  close  co-operation 
between  American  and  Chinese  firms  in 
handling   their   particular   trade. 

That  the  Chinese  are  willing  to  meet 
us  more  than  half  way  is  evinced  by 
the  subscription  of  $3,000,000  by  Chi- 
nese merchants  toward  the  establish- 
ment of  a  new  steamship  line  between 
San  Francisco  and  Shanghai,  and  by 
the  formation  of  a  Chinese  industrial 
and  commercial  association  in  Chicago, 
the  first  organization  of  its  kind  in  the 
United  States,  to  foster  commercial 
relations  between  China  and  the  mid- 
dle West. 

Now     Seeking     Orders 
for     all      Commodities 

In  the  past  there  has  not  been  very 
much  interest  in  China  among  Ameri- 
can manufacturers  located  far  from 
the  Pacific  Coast.  Such  is  not  the  case 
today;  firms  in  New  York,  New  Eng- 
land and  the  central  states  are  now 
seeking  orders  from  Chinese  import- 
ers. It  is  recognized  that  there  are 
few  important  commodities  for  which 
a  demand  cannot  be  created  in  China 
with  time  and  proper  methods.  Shang- 
hai, for  instance,  is  a  cosmopolitan 
city  with  a  fair  foreign  population 
and  constitutes  a  market  for  most  of 
the  articles  ordinarily  sold  in  a  large 
American  city. 

In  Shanghai  and  in  the  forty-seven 
other   treaty   ports   it   is   possible   for 


August    19  19 


143 


... 

■ 

$mm 

&           1    IH          ^Bw 

DR.    W.    E.    AUGINBAUGH 

OWING  to  the  fact  that  most  of 
our  large  seaports  are  provided 
with  modern  docks  and  are  all  practi- 
cally located  in  land  locked  harbors, 
we  are  prone  to  think  of  Latin  Amer- 
ican ports  as  being  similar.  Nothing 
could  be  further  from  the  true  state 
of  affairs. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  transportation 
methods  in  the  countries  to  the  south 
of  the  Rio  Grande  are  far  from  ideal, 
and  the  open  ports  and  sea  tossed 
roadsteads  of  nine-tenths  of  the  ports 
of  our  sister  republics  are  the  best 
arguments  I  know  of  for  good  pack- 
ing on  the  part  of  the  American  ex- 
porter, for  nothing  detracts  so  much 
from  developing  trade  with  foreign 
nations  as  for  a  consignee  to  have  his 
goods  arrive  at  their  destination  unfit 
for  sale,  due  to  badly  constructed 
shipping  cases. 

If  American  companies  will  under- 
take the  construction  of  breakwaters 
and  docks  for  the  many  Latin  Amer- 
ican ports  of  this  continent  much  will 

:   be  accomplished  toward  diverting  this 

,  trade  toward  our  shores. 

On  the  Pacific  Coast,  starting  at  the 

i  first    Mexican    port    and    continuing 

;  down  to  Coronel,  Chile,  there  are  not 
half  a  dozen  harbors  safe  and  protected 
at  all  seasons  of  the  year,  and  along 
all  this  long  stretch  of  coast  one  can 


Latin  -  American  Harbors 

Only  Two  Modern  Docks  and  Few  Protected  Ports 
Along  Southern  Pacific  Seaboard 


By  DR.  W.  E.  AUGHINBAUGH 
— o — 
find  but  two  modern  docks,  designed 
especially  to  handle  with  facility  mer- 
chandise of  all  kinds.  One  of  these  is 
at  Salina  Cruz,  Mexico,  the  western 
terminus  of  the  Tehuantepec  Railroad, 
while  the  other  is  located  at  Callao, 
the  port  of  Lima,  the  capital  of  Peru. 
The  last  named  is  at  present  too  small 
to  expedite  the  work  for  which  it  was 
originally  designed  and  vessels  are 
obliged  to  remain  in  the  open  roads 
awaiting  their  turn  to  be  docked  and 
to  discharge  their  cargoes. 

The  big  port  of  Valparaiso,  the 
gateway  to  the  bulk  of  Chile's  mar- 
kets, was  for  years  notorious,  many 
ships  going  down  within  a  few  hun- 
dred yards  from  the  city  streets  when 
northers  sprang  up,  as  they  do  at  cer- 
tain seasons  of  the  year.  Realizing 
that  merchants  could  not  be  made  to 
much  longer  tolerate  such  condition  of 
affairs,  the  Chilean  Government  at  last 
undertook  to  build  a  modern  break- 
water and  docks  which  are  now  in 
process  of  construction.  These  will 
cost  millions  of  dollars,  but  the  ex- 
pense is  fully  warranted  by  the  lives 
that  will  be  saved  and  the  quickness 
with  which  cargoes  can  be  handled. 

The  other  West  Coast  ports  of  Cen- 
tral and  South  America  are  open  road- 
steads, dangerous  at  all  times  of  the 
year,  from  which  the  sea  exacts  a 
yearly  toll  in  lives  and  property  lost 
or  damaged.  A  typical  port  is  Mol- 
lendo,  Peru,  the  gateway  to  the  in- 
terior of  Peru,  as  well  as  to  Bolivia, 
which,  by  the  way,  is  the  only  West 
Coast  Republic  without  a  port  of  its 
own. 

Antofogasta  and  Iquique,  Chile,  the 
two  leading  nitrate  ports  of  the  world, 
are  also  without  adequate  protection 
from  the  fury  of  the  ocean.  When  the 
northers  are  raging  I  have  known  ves- 
sels to  lay  at  anchor  tossing  and 
straining  at  their  cables  for  weeks  at 
a  time  without  being  able  to  work 
their   cargo. 


At  such  ports  as  these  goods  are 
discharged  into  open  lighters,  which 
await  favorable  opportunities  to  get 
their  contents  ashore,  most  of  the  time 
being  deluged  by  spray  or  waves 
which  wash  over  them  from  end  to 
end.  Passengers  are  taken  from  ships 
in  small  boats  and  hoisted  to  land  by 
cranes  adapted  to  lift  to  platforms,  by 
means  of  cables,  baskets  or  barrels 
in  which  the  people  are  packed,  a  de- 
cidedly unpleasant  sensation  for  the 
timid. 

Docking      Systems 
Improved   on   East 

On  the  East  coast  there  is  a  decided 
improvement  in  the  docking  systems. 
Montevideo,  the  port  of  Uruguay,  is 
situated  near  the  mouth  of  the  La 
Plata  River  and  is  therefore  not  sub- 
ject to  attacks  of  the  sea. 

The  docks  of  Buenos  Aires  are  the 
finest  on  this  continent,  if  not  in  the 
entire  world,  and  were  designed  by 
the  man  who  made  the  wonderful  port 
works  of  Liverpool.  These  contain 
four  basins,  with  six  and  one-half 
miles  of  quays,  stretching  along  the 
flanks  of  this  modern  capital.  On 
these  are  disposed  immense  ware- 
houses able  to  contain  29,000,000  tons 
of  merchandise,  as  well  as  wonderful 
flour  mills  and  grain  elevators,  with 
a  yearly  capacity  of  2,400,000  tons  of 
cereals.  This  harbor  cost  $35,000,000 
and  plans  are  now  being  made  to  ex- 
tend it,  for  despite  its  magnitude  it  is 
unable  to  handle  in  a  satisfactory 
manner  the  exports  and  imports  of 
this  republic. 

Rio  de  Janeiro  is  situated  in  the 
most  beautiful  harbor  in  the  world, 
safe  at  all  times  from  storms.  Up  to 
recently  it  had  no  modern  docks,  and 
vessels  were  obliged  to  remain  miles 
from  shore  while  discharging  cargo. 
Wnthin  the  past  two  years  some  docks 
have  been  built,  but  there  is  ample 
need  of  more.  This  is  equally  true  of 
all  the  ports  of  Brazil,  even  Manaos, 
located  1,000  miles  up  the  Amazon, 
and  the  leading  rubber  port  of  the 
universe. 


American  companies  to  conduct  busi- 
ness under  their  state  charters,  regis- 
tering at  the  American  Consulate  for 
the  district  in  which  they  are  to 
erate. 

s  to  the  best  opportunities  for 
ing  American  products  in  China,  in 
staple  manufactures,  such  as  cotton 
goods,  our  market  is  mainly  limited 
to  certain  of  the  better  grades.  In 
the  case  of  a  few  raw  materials  and 
partly  manufactured  goods  the  abund- 
ance of  our  resources  gives  us  a  good 


;   open 

I  sellii 


share  of  China's  trade  under  normal 
conditions. 

Among  these  are  mineral  oil  prod- 
ucts, iron  and  steel  products  and  lum- 
ber. The  most  important  classes,  how- 
ever, consist  of  machinery  and  spe- 
cialty lines,  which  need  only  the  right 
kind  of  introduction  work  and  effi- 
cient selling  methods.  Not  only  do 
they  present  the  best  chance  to  meet 
foreign  competition,  but  the  volume  of 
business  is  perceptibly  growing. 

An  investment  field  of  the  first  or- 
der, China  is  eager  to  welcome  Ameri- 


can capital  in  the  development  of  rail- 
roads and  port  works,  public  utilities 
on  a  smaller  scale,  mineral  resources 
and  manufacturing  enterprises.  Natu- 
rally, the  bulk  of  the  purchases  ensu- 
ing from  these  projects  will  be  made 
from  the  investing  countries.  Great 
Britain's  wonderful  foreign  trade  was 
built  upon  its  investment  abroad  and 
its  large  mercantile  marine.  These 
factors  have  gained  for  Great  Britain 
its  generous  share  of  the  trade  of 
China. 


144 


Pan   Pacific 


Potentiality  of  Portland 

Development  of  the  Great  Hinterland  Will  Vastly  Enhance  the  Commercial 

Importance  of  the  Willamette  River 


THE  importance  of  the  future  of  the 
maritime  commerce  of  Portland 
can  hardly  be  overestimated.  The  de- 
velopment of  the  great  hinterland  of 
Portland,  some  250,000  square  miles, 
reaching  into  Eastern  Oregon,  Eastern 
Washington,  Idaho  and  a  part  of  Mon- 
tana has  begun. 

"With  millions  of  horsepower  await- 
ing development,  with  millions  of 
acres  of  wheat  and  cattle-raising 
lands  still  unsettled,  with  rich  de- 
posits of  gold  and  silver,  iron  and 
copper,  and  other  minerals,  precious 
and  base,  inviting  the  world  and 
the  development  of  this  immense  area 
in  a  dozen  other  particulars  yet  to 
come,  Portland's  future  development 
as  a  port  holds  rich  promise. 

Industrial  Portland 

In  Rapid  Development 

In  the  last  ten  years  Portland's  im- 
portance as  a  manufacturing  center 
has  grown  by  leaps  and  bounds.  The 
development  of  the  immense  tributary 
territory  has  multiplied  the  demand 
for  manufactured  products  and 
equipment.  Many  lines  of  manufac- 
tures are  represented,  as  the  follow- 
ing partial  list  of  raw  products  will 
show :  wool,  hides,  metals,  clays,  stone, 
wood  pulp,  which  are  converted  into 
cloth  and  fabrics,  clothing,  shoes  and 
harness,  stoneware  and  paper,  furni- 
ture and  lumber,  barrels  and  boxes, 
machinery  and  wood  and  iron  pipe, 
cement  and  numerous  other  commodi- 
ties, to  which  may  be  added  the  prod- 
ucts of  the  livestock  industry  aggre- 
gating $75,000,000  a  year,  beside  the 
conversion  of  the  grains  into  flour  and 
other  cereal  products  mounting  high 
into   the   millions   of  dollars  annually. 

There  is  tributary  to  Portland  the 
largest  stand  of  timber  in  the  world. 
In  Oregon  alone  there  are  over  470,- 
000,000,000  feet  of  commercial  timber 
and  directly  tributary  from  adjoining 
states  another  200,000,000,000  feet. 
Based  upon  the  lowest  price  known  to 
the  industry,  this  timber  is  worth  over 
$6,000,000,000,  and  at  the  present  sell- 
ing price  double  that  amount.  Lum- 
bermen expect  that  within  a  very  few 
years  the  mills  of  Portland  and  Oregon 
will  be  cutting  lumber  at  the  rate  of 
6,000,000,000  feet  a  year. 

It  is  not  difficult  to  calculate  that 
the  mills  have  over  one  hundred  years' 
work  in  front  of  them  at  that  rate  of 
yearly  consumption,  giving  employ- 
ment in  this  single  industry  to  150,000 
men.  It  would  require  from  eight  to 
ten  long  trains  daily  and  six  hundred 


By  SYDNEY  B.  VINCENT 

(Second  Article) 

large  ships  annually  to  carry  the  prod- 
ucts of  the  forest  to  the  ultimate  con- 
sumer. 

When  it  is  considered  that  the  pres- 
ent cut  of  timber  is  but  2,500,000,000 
yearly,  some  idea  of  the  enormous  pos- 
sibilities of  the  business  may  be  had. 
Second     Largest     Port 
For    Wheat    Shipments 

Portland  is  the  second  largest 
wheat-shipping  port  in  the  United 
States  in  normal  times.  In  addition 
to  shipping  millions  of  bushels  of 
wheat,  Portland  mills  manufacture 
huge    quantities    of    flour    and    cereals 


The  cattle  raising  business  in  Or- 
egon and  other  Pacific  Northwest 
states  is  in  its  infancy.  There  are 
available  in  Oregon  and  Washington 
millions  of  acres  of  logged-off  lands 
suitable  for  pasturage,  and  vast  areas 
in  the  drier  sections  of  both  states  in 
which  the  cattle  industry  now  thrives. 

In  the  manufacture  of  woolen  fab- 
rics, rapid  progress  has  been  made  in 
the  city  of  Portland  and  at  Oregon 
City,  Salem,  Pendleton  and  other  sec- 
tions of  the  state.  Portland  is  now 
the  second  largest  woolen  center  in  the 
United  States,  Boston  ranking  first. 
Climatic  conditions  and  wonderfully 
pure  water,  of  the  same  analysis  as 
obtains  in  the  best  woolen  centers  of 


VIEW    IN    PORTLAND    HARBOR 


which  are  sent  to  all  parts  of  the 
world,  particularly  to  the  Orient.  Port- 
land has  half  a  dozen  immense  flour 
mills  and  several  more  large  plants  are 
in  prospect.  The  value  of  the  flour 
and  cereal  output  for  1918  was  $20,- 
000,000. 

Portland,  by  reason  of  her  proximity 
to  the  greatest  stock  raising  country 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  has  become  the 
largest  packing  center  in  the  Pacific 
Northwest.  As  an  indication  of  the 
growth  of  this  industry,  it  may  be 
stated  that  in  1918  the  packing  in- 
dustry brought  into  Portland  approxi- 
mately $75,000,000,  of  which  nearly 
one-third  was  for  food  products 
cleared  through  the  Portland  Union 
Stock  Yards. 


Great  Britain,  tend  to  place  this  indus- 
try upon  a  splendid  basis  for  future 
operations  and  development.  Proxim- 
ity of  Portland  to  the  great  Australian 
and  Oriental  wool  producing  centers 
further  indicates  very  substantial  and 
rapid  progress  in  the  development  of 
the  industry. 

The  great  fruit  and  farming  sec- 
tions of  Oregon  have  developed  to 
such  an  extent  that  Portland  has  be- 
come one  of  the  great  shipping  centers 
for  dried,  canned  and  dehydrated 
fruits  and  vegetables,  the  export 
are  a  score  of  fishing  and  canning 
plants.  The  output  for  1918  was 
business  attaining  large  proportions. 
The  enormous  proportions  of  this  busi- 
ness in  Oregon  may  be  estimated  from 


August    19  19 


145 


VIEW  OF   PORTLAND   BUSINESS   DISTRICT 


the  fact  that  the  volume  of  business 
for  1918  ran  into  the  millions  of  dol- 
lars, not  taking  into  consideration  the 
millions  received  by  growers  for  the 
fresh  product. 

The  Pacific  Northwest  is  the  largest 
producer  of  edible  fish  and  fish  prod- 
ucts in  the  world.  The  greatest  sal- 
mon stream  in  the  world  is  the  Colum- 
bia River.  Thousands  of  men  are  en- 
gaged in  catching  fish,  and  additional 
thousands  are  employed  in  their  prep- 
aration for  the  market.  From  the 
mouth  of  the  river  to  The  Dalles 
valued  at  $10,000,000.  At  Bonneville, 
on  the  Columbia  River,  is  the  largest 
fish  hatchery  in  the  world.  It  is  esti- 
mated that  the  output  for  the  Pacific 
Northwest  and  Alaska  reaches  the 
grand  total  of  750,000,000  cans.  One 
firm  in  Portland  last  year  printed  ap- 
proximately 75,000,000  labels  for  cans. 

The  paper  industry  of  the  Columbia 
and  Willamette  Rivers  has  attained 
enormous  proportions  in  the  last  few 
years.  Several  large  mills  on  both 
rivers,  employing  thousands  of  men, 
turn  out  vast  quantities  of  pulp  pa- 
pers. The  output  for  1918  was  in  ex- 
cess of  200,000  tons. 

Cheese  and  Dairy  Products 
Also      Important      Factors 

Oregon  rapidly  is  becoming  one  of 
tie  great  cheese  producing  states.  The 
western  coast  of  Oregon  is  peculiarly 
adapted  to  the  raising  of  dairy  herds. 
Green  grass  prevails  for  practically  all 
the  year;  indeed,  on  the  immediate 
coast   where   the    damp    air   from   the 


ocean  penetrates,  green  grass  is  had 
all  year  round.  The  cheese  product  in 
1918  attained  a  total  of  $1,500,000, 
while  the  total  manufactured  dairy 
product  was  $20,000,000. 

Portland,  the  great  wheat  and  flour 
center,  is  one  of  the  largest  producers 
of  crackers  and  biscuits  in  the  United 
States.  Its  manufacturers  have  de- 
veloped wonderful  efficiency  in  all 
branches  of  manufacture  and  market- 
ing. Portland  has  half  a  dozen 
candy  factories,  some  of  which  send 
their  products  all  over  the  United 
States  and  to  foreign  lands. 

Portland  is  the  furniture  manufac- 
turing center  of  the  Pacific  Coast.    All 


grades  of  furniture  are  made  for  the 
custom  trade  or  on  special  account. 
The  1918  product  of  furniture  .reached 
a  total  of  $6,000,000. 

Largest  Ship  Producer 
in    the    United    States 

During  the  last  few  years  ship  build- 
ing, both  steel  and  wooden,  has  been 
an  important  feature  of  the  industrial 
life  of  Oregon,  and  that  this  state 
played  an  important  role  in  the  war 
industries  is  indicated  by  the  undis- 
puted fact  that  Oregon  and  the  Port- 
land district  was  the  largest  producer 
of  ships  in  the  United  States. 

In  less  than  three  years  there  were 
launched  up  to  February  28,  1919,  a 
grand  total  of  two  hundred  and  seven- 
teen vessels,  of  which  one  hundred  and 
sixty-two  were  wood  and  fifty-five 
steel  construction.  A  comparison  of 
the  output  of  all  Pacific  Coast  ship- 
building districts  shows  that  the  Port- 
land district  attained  a  higher  effi- 
ciency than  any  other  district,  consid- 
ering the  number  of  men  employed. 

Government  experts  claim  that  there 
is  12,000,000  horsepower  of  potential 
hydro-electric  energy,  on  a  continuous 
current  basis,  in  the  Columbia  River 
basin,  and  that  for  six  or  eight  months 
of  the  year  the  potential  energy  avail- 
able reaches  20,000,000  horse  power. 
Less  than  300,000  of  this  has  been  har- 
nessed. No  other  like  area  in  the 
world  has  available  such  a  storehouse 
of  hydro-electric  energy.  It  is  greater 
in  its  promise  for  the  future  than  any 
coal  field  ever  opened.  It  is  always 
available.  It  is  not  impaired  through 
development.  "What  opportunities  this 
wonderful  product  of  nature  offers  to 
manufacturers ! 


Aeroplane    view 


Municipal    Grain    Elevator  Terminal 
Dock  With  Two  Story  Transit  Shed  For  5acked  Grain 

AND 

Open    Docks    For    Bulk    Cargo 


Portland     Oregon 


Area    Adaptable 
"^.Future  Dock  Development 


GRAIN  ELEVATOR  AT  PORTLAND 


146 


Pan  Pacific 


U.  S.  Aids 
Far  East 
Commerce 


By  P.  R.  ELDRIDGE,  Jr. 

Chief  Par  Eastern  Division,  Bureau  of 

Foreign  and   Domestic   Commerce 

— o — 

THE  work  of  the  Bureau  of  Foreign 
and  Domestic  Commerce  in  pro- 
moting foreign  trade  is  so  well  known 
among  exporters  and  manufacturers 
that  any  further  discussion  may  seem 
superfluous,  but  the  activities  of  the 
newly  created  Far  Eastern  Division, 
extending  over  a  period  of  a  little  less 
than  a  year,  are  not  generally  so  well 
understood. 

Perhaps  it  would  be  easier  to  state 
first  what  the  Far  Eastern  Division  is 
not,  rather  than  what  it  is,  for  its 
ramifications  are  so  broad  and  its  in- 
terests so  varied  that  any  attempt  to 
describe  in  full  its  functions  might 
pall  upon  the  reader. 

To  begin  with,  it  is  not  a  credit 
agency  and  has  no  facilities  for  giving 
strictly  credit  information  of  any  na- 
ture. It  is  likewise  not  equipped  to 
answer  inquiries  concerning  the  impor- 
tation of  foreign  goods  which  compete 
with  American  manufactures  of  a  like 
nature.  Other  than  these  two  excep- 
tions, there  is  hardly  any  foreign  trade 
promotion  work  concerning  the  Orient 
which  is  not  carried  on  in  the  divi- 
sion. 

Answering        Inquiries 
Biggest  Part  of  Work 

This  work  consists  mainly  in  answer- 
ing inquiries  from  business  houses. 
These  inquiries  were  formerly  ad- 
dressed largely  to  consuls  in  the  Far 
East,  entailing  a  delay  in  reply  of 
anywhere  from  sixty  to  one  hundred 
and  twenty  days,  and  sometimes 
longer.  Copies  of  the  replies  with 
trade  lists  which  the  consuls  have  been 
making  to  these  trade  inquiries  have 
been  collected  in  the  bureau  for  many 
years,  in  the  course  of  which  time  the 
pertinent  information  contained  in 
them  has  been  digested  and  filed  un- 
der commodites  and  countries.  This 
information  forms  the  basis  of  our 
files. 

Supplementing  the  work  of  the  con- 
suls, who  are  supposed  to  maintain  a 
local  outlook  on  the  commerce  of  their 
districts,  the  Commercial  Attaches  and 
Resident  Trade  Commissioners  have 
maintained  a  national  outlook  on  the 
commerce  of  the  country  to  which  they 
were  assigned,  and  the  reports  of  these 


MANILA    BRANCH    OF   THE    INTERNATIONAL    BANKING    CORPORATION 


officers  are  likewise  at  the  disposal  of 
the  business  public  through  the  Far 
Eastern  Division.  Under  the  increased 
appropriation  which  went  into  effect 
July  1,  1919,  there  will  be  Commer- 
cial Attaches  in  Tokio  and  Pekin  and 
Resident  Trade  Commissioners  in 
Yokohama,  Shanghai,  Canton,  Singa- 
pore, Melbourne  and  Bombay,  while 
the  bureau  will  maintain  a  district 
office  at  Manila,  P.  I. 

The  policy  of  the  bureau  is  to  an- 
swer every  inquiry  addressed  to  it 
directly  from  the  information  fur- 
nished by  these  officers  which  is  on 
file.  To  round  out  this  information, 
however,  the  division  reads  and  clips 
weekly  every  publication  of  commer- 
cial interest  from  the  Far  East.  It  is 
now  engaged  in  ascertaining  which  of 
these  publications  are  on  file  in  cham- 
bers of  commerce  and  libraries 
throughout  the  country,  so  that  se- 
lected reading  references  on  special 
subjects,  such  as  automobiles,  machin- 
ery, shoes,  hardware,  etc.,  which  ap- 
pear in  these  publications  may  be  sent 
to  inquirers  together  with  the  name  of 
the  nearest  library  or  chamber  of 
commerce  where  the  publications  may 
be  found. 

A  weekly  digest  of  the  more  import- 
ant clippings  is  also  published  in  Com- 
merce Reports  under  the  title  "Far 
Eastern  Press  Notes,"  and  readers  of 
these  notes  often  write  for  the  more 
specific  information  which  the  fuller 
article  contains. 

All    Customs    Statistics 
Also     Kept     On     File 

The  division  also  keeps  on  file  all  of 
the  latest  customs  statistics,  year 
books,  reports  of  commissions  and  de- 
partments of  Oriental  Governments, 
reports  of  American  and  other  cham- 
bers of  commerce,  and  is  also  build- 
ing up  a  reference  library  of  books 
dealing    with    problems    of    exchange, 


currency,  finance,  sales  methods  and 
transportation  as  well  as  modern  treat- 
ises on  mining,  industries,  commercial 
laws,  customs  and  natural  resources 
of  Oriental  countries. 

In  addition  to  these  works  the  divi- 
sion is  making  a  collection  of  stan- 
dard maps  of  countries,  provinces  and 
cities  in  the  Far  East,  which  are  freely 
consulted    by    prospective     travellers. 

Supervises  the  Policies 
of   Trade   Investigators 

But  perhaps  the  most  effective  work 
of  the  division  is  the  supervision  it 
maintains  over  the  policies  and  work 
of  the  travelling  special  investigators. 
After  July  1  there  will  be  in  the  Far 
East  special  investigators  preparing 
reports  on  ports  and  transportation 
facilities  of  the  Far  East,  advertising 
in  the  Far  East,  electrical  goods  in 
India  and  hardware  and  tools  in  the 
Far  East.  Each  of  these  investiga- 
tions will  cover  at  least  a  year  and 
the  results  will  be  published  in  the 
form  of  special  agents'  reports,  which 
will  be  sold  at  a  nominal  price  by  the 
Superintendent  of  Documents,  Wash- 
ington, D.  O,  and  at  the  district  offices 
of  the  bureau.  Certain  preliminary 
reports  on  ports  and  transportation  in 
China,  prepared  by  Paul  P.  Whitham, 
are  already  on  hand  at  the  bureau's 
district  offices. 

Another  plan  is  to  place  in  direct 
touch  with  each  other,  through  a  filing 
system  in  the  division,  foreign  export- 
ers and  importers  who  are  looking  for 
connections,  and  American  manufac- 
turers, importers  and  exporters  who 
are  looking  for  representatives.  These 
introductions  will  be  handled  with  dis- 
crimination, but  no  responsibility  will 
be  assumed  by  the  bureau.  The  ad- 
vantage of  placing  two  firms  in  touch 
with  each  other  who  are  actively  seek- 
ing connections   is   manifestly   greater 

(Continued  on  page  163) 


August    19  19 


147 


Sellers  Must  Use  Buyers'  Language 

Chief  Stumbling  Block  in  Progress  of  Americanism  Has  Been  Caused  by  Loath  - 
ness  to   Study  Other   Peoples  and  Their   Customs 


LANGUAGE  is  the  indispensable 
means  by  which  we  come  to  know 
others  and  by  which  we  make  others 
know  what  we  are,  what  we  can  do, 
and  what  is  to  be  expected  of  us.  It 
is  no  less  necessary  in  order  to  arrive 
at  a  comprehension  of  people  with 
whom  we  seek  to  establish  relations 
of  any  sort. 

Up  to  now  the  chief  stumbling  block 
to  the  progress  of  Americanism  and 
consequently  the  development  of  com- 
-  mercial  relations  between  the  United 
States  and  the  other  countries  of 
America  has  arisen  from  the  difference 
of  language. 

Commerce  is  not  merely  a  matter 
of  exchange  of  products  or  of  credits. 
An  understanding  of  the  people  with 
whom  we  are  to  deal,  a  knowledge  of 
their  needs,  of  their  tastes,  of  their 
habits  and  of  their  peculiarities  is 
necessary.  Likewise  they  too  require, 
since  in  a  great  part  commerce  signi- 
fies rivalry,  that  we  reveal  ourselves 
for  what  we  are,  at  least  in  the  large, 
showing  them  our  strength,  our  capac- 
ity, and  how  we  compare  with  the  peo- 
ple of  other  nationalities. 

Before  buying  and  selling  we  must 
advertise  ourselves,  not  in  the  atten- 
uated sense  that  the  word  has  in  mer- 
cantile or  newspaper  language,  but  in 
the  broader  and  fuller  meaning  of  hu- 
man relations  and  of  the  intercourse 
of  people. 

Need   of   Advertising 
Equal  on  Both  Sides 

It  may  be  said  that  the  need  of  ad- 
vertisement is  reciprocal,  that  the 
work  should  be  shared  by  both  equally 
not  only  by  the  producer  of  manufac- 
tured goods,  but  as  well  by  him  who 
offers  raw  materials  for  sale. 

To  a  certain  point  this  is  true,  but 
only  up  to  a  certain  point.  The  man- 
ufacturer requires  constantly  raw  ma- 
terials and  such  he  looks  for  and  ob- 
tains with  little  solicitation  within  or 
without  his  own  country.  It  is  only 
necessary  that  he  made  his  needs 
known. 

On  account  of  the  difference  exist- 
ing between  manufacturing  industry 
and  extractive  industry,  whether  the 
latter  be  agriculture  or  mining,  those 
devoting  themselves  to  the  former  have 
imposed  upon  them  the  initiative  in 
the  advertisement  or  the  propaganda 
referred  to.  The  stage  of  agriculture 
and  mining  precedes  the  stage  of  man- 
ufacture. In  order  that  a  people  may 
arrive  at  the  latter  stage  it  is  neces- 
sary that  they  should  first  have  at- 
tained the  former,  or  if  not,  to  be  able 
to   dispose   of  the   elements   necessary 


By  DR.  ANGEL  CESAR  RIVAS 
Editor  Spanish  Bulletin,  Pan-American 
Union 
Dr.    Rivas,    the   author   of    this 
article,   is   a   well  known   publicist 
and    was   formerly    Under   Secre- 
tary of  Foreign  Affairs  of   Vene- 
zuela.    He  is  an  authority  on  in- 
ternational   law    and    has    written 
several   books   on   this   subject. 

o 

to  acquire  the  raw  materials  not  pro- 
duced on  their  own  soil.  Even  more, 
a  truly  manufacturing  people  is  one 
that  after  having  supplied  its  own 
needs  overflows  with  its  goods  into  the 
markets  of  others. 

Wealth  Created 
For  Reserve  Fund 
Necessarily  this  presupposes  an  eco- 
nomic status  in  advance  of  the  agri- 
cultural or  mining  status,  assuming 
that  through  the  accumulation  or  sup- 
ply of  capital,  and  of  technical  ability, 
there  may  be  created  wealth  not  im- 
mediately needed,  but  which  serves  as 
a  fund  of  reserve  for  use  when  needed. 
In  the  position  that  the  United  States 
and  the  Latin  American  countries  oc- 
cupy economically  in  relation  to  each 
other,  it  is  the  former  which  is  called 
upon  to  advertise  itself,  shouldering  a 
double  burden  for  itself  and  for  the 
others.  We  say  a  double  burden,  be- 
cause to  the  end  that  the  United  States 
may  occupy  in  Latin  American  com- 
merce, the  place  which  it  should  have, 
it  is  necessary  to  tell  its  neighbors  of 
the  South,  what  it  has  and  the  terms 
of  sale,  and  must  inform  its  own  peo- 
ple what  it  is  that  the  others  need  and 
how  to  sell  to  them. 

For  the  first  part  it  is  essential  to 
know  the  speech  of  the  buyers  as  well 
as  the  art  of  advertising.  Much  pro- 
gress is  being  made  at  present  in  the 
diffusion  of  Spanish  and  even  of  Por- 
tuguese in  the  United  States,  all  of 
which  shows  without  doubt  that  while 
the  desired  end  has  not  yet  been  at- 
tained the  purpose  exists.  Prom  what 
has  been  already  done  we  may  con- 
elude  without  exaggeration  that  Span- 
ish will  come  to  occupy  the  position  in 
the  United  States  that  German  occu- 
pied before  the  war.  This  of  itself 
would  be  incalculable  progress  and  a 
force  of  undoubted  value. 

Thanks  to  a  knowledge  of  the  lan- 
guage, the  people  of  the  United  States 
would  find  themselves  in  a  condition 
to  know  the  Latin  Americans,  to  fath- 
om their  souls,  to  appreciate  their 
qualities,  to  measure  their  needs  and 
to  formulate  adequate  plans  to  satisfy 
them.  At  the  same  time  with  the  ac- 
quirement of  the  Spanish  and  Portu- 


guese tongues  they  would  be  able  to 
make  the  Latin  American  see  directly 
and  without  any  intermediary  what  in 
reality  they  themselves  are,  the  ends 
they  seek  and  what  advantages  the 
goods  they  fabricate  may  offer. 

Good      Translators 
Are     a     Necessity 

Catalogues  in  Spanish  and  Portu- 
guese are  unquestionably  good  adver- 
tising mediums,  but  on  condition  that 
the  Spanish  and  Portuguese  in  which 
they  are  written  be  in  reality  such. 
The  greater  part  of  the  catalogues 
which  are  sent  from  the  United  States 
to  Latin  America  are  in  truth  filled 
from  beginning  to  end  with  Spanish 
or  Portuguese  words,  but  one  cannot 
say  that  they  are  written  in  Spanish 
or  Portuguese.  This  is  not  a  paradox, 
for  one  only  needs  to  read  these  cata- 
logues to  be  convinced  that,  having 
been  translated  from  some  other  lan- 
guage, they  preserve  the  rules  of  con- 
struction peculiar  to  the  language  in 
which  they  were  originally  conceived. 

The  manufacturer  or  advertiser  in 
the  United  States  must  come  to  ap- 
preciate the  fact  that  in  order  for  his 
catalogues  to  produce  the  desired  ef- 
fect in  Latin  America,  it  is  absolutely 
indispensable  that  they  be  in  good 
Spanish  or  good  Portuguese.  In  Eng- 
lish there  is  a  word  which  suits  well 
the  genius  of  the  people  of  the  United 
States;  it  is  "efficiency."  In  treating 
of  catalogues  or  of  anything  else,  true 
efficiency  consists  in  doing  a  thing  as 
it  ought  to  be  done. 

It  is  not  necessary  that  the  cata- 
logues be  voluminous ;  it  is  necessary 
only  that  they  be  intelligible,  that  any 
one  may  understand  them.  In  order 
to  attain  the  highest  grade  of  effi- 
ciency advertisers  in  the  United 
States  should  judge  with  care  those 
who  offer  their  services  as  translators, 
and  keep  always  in  mind  the  fact  that 
cheap  and  rapid  work  is  generally  in 
this  field  the  worst  work. 

In  connection  with  the  catalogue  it 
would  be  well  if  associations  of  man- 
ufacturers and  chambers  of  commerce 
in  the  United  States  would  publish 
weekly  or  fortnightly  well  prepared 
bulletins  in  Spanish  and  Portuguese, 
advertising  raw  products,  fluctuation 
of  prices,  the  state  of  the  market, 
financial  and  banking  movements  in 
relation  to  Latin  America  and  special 
recommendations  respecting  the  prep- 
aration of  raw  materials  from  Latin 
America,  which  would  meet  the  ap- 
proval of  importers  in  the  United 
States,  and  other  information  of  like 
kind  and  importance. 


148 


Pan   Pacific 


Russia's 


MAP  SHOWING  LOCATION  OF 


RUSSIA'S  future  lies  in  the  de- 
velopment of  her  natural  re- 
sources, says  Dr.  Joseph  M.  Goldstein, 
professor  of  political  economy  at  the 
Moscow  High  Institute  of  Commerce 
and  Industry  and  of  the  University  of 
Moscow,  in  his  new  book,  "Russia:  Her 
Economic  Past  and  Future."  . 

In  the  years  1912  and  1913,  the  Urals 
furnished  about  20%. of  the  total  pro- 
duction of  pig  iron  and  about  17% 
of  iron  and  steel  in  Russia.  Now  that 
coal  fit  for  the  production  of  coke  has 
been  found  in  the  Basin  of  the  Kuz- 
netsk, the  future  of  the  iron  industry 
in  the  Urals  may  be  looked  upon  as 
extremely  promising. 

What  splendid  promise  there  is  in 
this  respect  in  the  Urals  may  be  seen 
from  the  fact  that  only  one  mountain, 
Magnitnaya,  in  the  southern  portion 
of  this  region  (government  of  Oren- 
burg), has  resources  of  over  100,000,- 
000  tons  of  magnetite  ore.  To  summar- 
ize, the  surveyed  resources  alone  of 
high  grade  iron-ores  in  the  Ural  re- 
gion amount  to  at  least  500,000,000 
tons. 

In  addition,  the  Urals  rank  first 
among  all  Russian  copper  producing 
localities.  On  the  average,  the  Urals 
have  supplied  in  recent  years  over 
1,000,000  poods  (about  17,000  metric 
tons)  of  copper,  that  means  half  of 
the  total  production  of  all  Russia.  Still 
further,  the  Ural  region  is  one  of  the 
most  important  localities  in  Russia  for 
the  production  of  precious  metals,  and 
especially  platinum.  As  far  as  this 
last  metal  is  concerned,  Russia  has  al- 
most a  world  monopoly. 

In  the  years  1912-1913  the  Urals 
produced  about  20%  of  the  total  pro- 
duction of  gold  in  Russia.  Russia  pro- 
duced in  1913  about  one-fifteenth  of 
the  total  world  production  of  gold. 
Russia's  share  in  this  respect  can  be 
largely  increased  through  the  develop- 
ment of  new  gold  mines  and  the  im- 
provement in  the  methods  in  gold  pro- 
duction. 

The  Caucasus  can  be  mentioned  as 
one  of  the  richest  parts  of  Russia.  In 
addition  to  the  large  naphtha  industry, 
which  has  won  for  itself  an  important 
place  in  the  world  market,  the  Cau- 
casus has  one  of  the  very  largest  de- 
posits of  manganese  and  copper-ore, 
as  well  as  deposits  of  silver  and  lead- 
ores. 

To  show  the  important  role  which 
the  Caucasus  has  played  in  the  realm 
of  Russian  natural  economy,  the  fol- 
lowing data  are  sufficient.  The  share 
of  the  Caucasus,  in  the  total  of  each 


of  the  following  products  was: 
naphtha,  about  85% ;  copper  -  ore, 
about  31%;  copper,  about  30%;  man- 
ganese-ore, about  70% ;  silver  and 
lead-ores,  about  56% ;  lead,  about 
96%  ;  silver,  about  24%. 

As  regards  Siberia,  her  natural  re- 
sources are  concentrated,  for  the  most 
part,  in  the  Altai  Mountains,  in  the 
districts  of  Nerchinsk  and  Barguzinsk, 
in  Ferghana,  in  the  Yakutsk  Province, 
in  the  Maritime  Province,  and  on  the 
Island  of  Sakhalin. 

Rich  deposits  of  coal  are  found 
everywhere  throughout  Siberia.  As 
far  as  gold  is  concerned,  Siberia's 
share  in  Russia's  gold  production  is 
about  80%.  Rich  deposits  of  silver, 
zinc,  lead,  tin,  copper,  pyrites,  graph- 
ite, phosphate  rock,  mercuric  ores, 
chromic  ores,  sulphur,  semi-precious 
stones,  rare  metals  (radium,  vanadium, 
uranium),  are  to  be  found  in  very 
many  places  throughout  Siberia.  As 
regards  forests,  out  of  the  3,150,000,- 
000  acres  of  timber-land  in  Russia — 
2,700,000,000  acres,  i.e.  86%,  are  in 
Siberia. 


THE  PROBLEM  I 


By  E.  MAE  McGEE 

NOW  that  the  war  department  has 
announced  that  the  recruiting  of- 
ficers have  been  instructed  to  make 
strenuous  efforts  to  obtain  enlistments 
for  the  Siberian  expedition  which  is  to 
sail  July  26,  it  is,  indeed,  a  problem 
to  find  the  best  methods  of  handling 
the  Siberian  trade. 

Congress  has  "power  to  regulate 
commerce  with  foreign  nations."  The 
numerous  conditions  under  which  ves- 
sels may  fly  the  American  flag,  wireless 
equipment,  life  preservers,  life  boats, 
a  definite  limit  to  the  number  of  pas- 
sengers, inspection  of  ships,  etc. 

In  this  connection  it  may  be  sur- 
prising that  the  cost  of  our  govern- 
ment exceeds  $1,000,000,000  a  year. 
But  with  this  vast  amount  of  money 
it  is  evident  that  we  should  have  a 
United  States  academy  for  training 
diplomats  as  well  as  academies  for 
training  army  and  navy  officers.     Our 


August    19  19 


149 


SIA'S  NATURAL  RESOURCES 


BERIAN  TRADE 


— 


diplomatic  agents  are  not  so  well 
trained  in  foreign  languages  and  in- 
ternational law  as  those  of  other  coun- 
tries. 

The  diplomatic  service  should  be 
taken  out  of  politics,  as  are  the  navy 
and  army.  It  seems  as  needful  to  train 
men  to  prevent  war  as  to  train  men 
make  war. 

The  railway  that  extends  across  Si- 
beria to  the  Pacific  is  the  only  one  in 
this  undeveloped  eastern  country.  The 
great  rivers  are  navigable  and  are  the 
main  highways  of  trade.  Handicapped 
in  so  many  ways,  Siberia  has  pro- 
gressed very  little  commercially,  as 
well  as  along  other  lines.  The  Rus- 
sian Empire  comprises  about  one- 
seventh  of  the  land  surface  of  the 
earth,  and  Siberia  is  a  large  part  of 
this  great  empire. 

Siberia  trades  with  Moscow  more 
than  with  any  part  of  European  Rus- 
sia. Irkutsk  is  the  center  of  Siberia's 
inland  trade.     Vladivostok  is  the  Pa- 


cific port  and  a  great  deal  of  its  do- 
mestic commerce  and  practically  all 
of  its  foreign  commerce  is  through  this 
port. 

More  diplomacy  is  needed  to  deal 
with  the  Siberian  situation.  Our  sales- 
men must  become  thoroughly  conver- 
sant  with    this   question. 

Siberia's  needs  and  prejudices 
should  be  studied  and  the  old  adage, 
"Honesty  is  the  best  policy,"  should 
be  strictly  adhered  to.  Let  America 
convince  Russians  that  we  are  per- 
fectly honest  and  sincere  in  our  deal- 
ings with  Siberia.  Bolshevism  can  be 
eradicated  and  eliminated  in  no  bet- 
ter way  than  to  establish  confidence 
in  America. 

No  strategy  is  needed  to  deal  with 
this  important  question — just  honest, 
wise,  business  tact.  And  that  is  as- 
serting quite  a  lot,  because  the  Sibe- 
rian trade  question  grows  more  com- 
plicated daily.  America  must  endeavor 
to  deal  with  this  matter  as  successfully 
and  as  intelligently  as  she  has  with 
other  problems  if  she  expects  to  main- 
tain her  exalted  station  among  the  na- 
tions   commercially. 


Wealth 


\  CCORDING  to  careful  calcula- 
l\.  tions  by  Prof.  Joseph  M.  Gold- 
stein, an  investment  of  $56,450,000,000 
must  be  made  in  Russian  railroad  con- 
struction, agriculture,  industries,  pub- 
lic utilities,  etc.,  during  the  next  ten 
years,  in  order  to  bring  Russia  to  the 
minimum  of  necessary  economic  de- 
velopment. Following  are  the  main 
items  in  the  table  prepared  by  Prof. 
Goldstein : 

New  Railroads — Ten  years  at  about 
3,500  to  4,000  miles  per  year.  Total 
35,000  to  40,000  miles  at  $150,000 
per  mile  $5,500,000,000 

New  locomotives,  new  freight  and 
passenger  cars,  repair  of  the  old 
locomotives   and   ears   3,50,000,000 

Street-railways,  subways,  pavement 
of  towns  and  cities,  etc 3,000,000,000 

Public  roads  1,500,000,000 

Inland  river  and  canal  improve- 
ments     4,000,000,000 

Improvements  of  ports  1,000,000,000 

Telephone  and   telegraph   1,000,000,000 

Water  supply,  sewerage  and  other 
hygienic  improvements  in  towns 
and  cities 2,000,000,000 

Central  electric  light  and  power  sta- 
tions     4  2,000,000,000 

Public  schools  (7,500  primary  and 
secondary  schools  in  towns  and  ci- 
ties, at  a  cost  of  $60,000  to  $100, 
000  each;  and  100,000  rural  schools, 
at  a  cost  of  $10,000  to  $20,000  each  2,000,000,000 

Improvements  in  agricultural  ma- 
chinery: 16,000,000  farms  at  $25  per 
year  4,000,000,000 

Improvements  in  cattle,  poultry, 
stalls  for  cattle,  etc.:  16,000,000 
farms  at  $25  per  year 4,000,000,000 

Coal  and  coke,   peat,  iron  and  steel 

production    2,000,000,000 

Manufacture  of  agricultural,  electri- 
cal and  other  machinery  and  im- 
plements      1,000,000,000 

Judging  from  the  experience  of  the 
years  preceding  the  war,  it  may  be 
hoped  that  Russia  herself  will  produce 
about  half  this  sum.  The  remainder 
must  come  from  abroad.  It  will  come 
from  abroad  and  especially  from  the 
United  States,  if  the  American  people 
and  their  industrial  and  financial  lead- 
ers will  see  the  great  opportunities 
lying  before  them  in  the  great  country 
in  the  East. 

o : — 

THERE  are  many  bright  pages  in 
the  economic  past  of  Russia  and 
a  still  brighter  future  lies  before  this 
great  and  rich  country. 

The  richest  parts  of  Russia  are  al- 
ready in  the  hands  of  the  anti-Bolshe- 
vist forces.  Siberia  and  the  Ural  re- 
gion are  controlled  by  the  All-Russian 
Government  in  Omsk,  led  by  Admiral 
Kolchak.  The  Northern  Caucasus  and 
the  Basin  of  the  Donetz  are  controlled 
by  the  Army  of  General  Denikine,  sub- 
ordinated to  the  All-Russian  Govern- 
ment in  Omsk. 

As  soon  as  Russia  finds  herself — 
and  she  will  find  herself  before  long — 
she  will  need  foreign  capital  for  her 
development  just  as  the  United  States 
needed  it  half  a  century  ago.  Russia's 
eyes  turn  to  the  United  States. 


150 


Pan   Pacific 


Must  Place  U.  S.  Foreign  Trade 


NO  politician,  no  matter  how  so  noisy  he  may  be,  and 
often  the  emptiest  vessels  echo  the  loudest  sounds, 
can  ever  again  hope  for  advancement  in  America  unless  he 
stands  on  a  political  plank  that  places  our  Foreign  Trade 
upon  an  equality  with  that  of  foreign  competitors. 

We  are  on  the  earth  and  Ave  must  move  with  it  or  sink 
from  sight  like  the  microbes,  incapable  of  creating,  whose 
greatest  powers  are  accomplished  in  the  dark. 

Foreign  Trade  Clubs  of  America  should  begin  NOW 
carving  out  that  PLANK  and  see  to  it  that  it  is  inserted 
in  every  platform  of  our  political  parties  in  America.  Let 
it  ring  true  to  the  genuine  instincts  of  America  for  the 
universal  good  that  America  is  willing  to  and  CAN  do  in 
the  necessary  business. 


$ 


$ 


WHY  NOT  THE  PHILIPPINES? 

IT  is  interesting  to  note  that  while  the  United  States  is 
being  encouraged  by  competitive  powers  to  surrender 
the  Philippines  to  the  encroachments  of  maritime  nations 
other  COMPATRIOTS  IN  WAR  are  gobbling  up  all  the 
strategical  ports  in  the  universe. 

The  design  is  obvious. 

Let's  recognize  the  situation  without  any  further  eva- 
sion of  mind  within  our  hoary  old  heads. 

The  Philippines  are  much  less  capable  of  self  govern- 
ment than  Ireland ;  and  yet  they  ARE  quite  capable  of 
looking  out  for  themselves  IF  THE  LEAGUE  OF  NA- 
TIONS IS  NOT  A  MISNOMER  AND  TRAP. 

But  if  the  League  is  to  be  what  the  activities  of  highly 
organized  nations  indicate  it  to  be,  THEN  the  Philippines, 
if  left  to  themselves,  will  become  the  hewers  of  wood  and 
drawers  of  water  for  more  powerful  races.  They  will 
never  be  developed.  The  people  will  ALWAYS  remain  in 
subjection  and  misery. 

UNLESS  THE  UNITED  STATES  DEVELOP  THEM. 
And  why  the  United  States?  Simply  because  the  United 
States  KNOWS  how  to  develop  a  nation  for  its  own  good. 
It  is  not  interested  in  suppressing  the  aspirations  of  the 
people.  It  has  no  IMPERIAL  machinery  to  support  by  the 
device  of  poverty,  ignorance,  superstition — DEPENDENCE. 

It  could  not  have  survived  ITSELF  in  the  absence  of 
development. 

It  was  railroads  and  telegraphs  that  did  it.  In  their 
absence  this  country  could  never  have  been  governed  from 
Washington.  It  would  have  dissolved,  as  predicted  by 
European  observers,  in  the  process  of  expansion.  Nor 
could  Germany  have  achieved  its  marvellous  strength  with- 
out its  sensitively  organized  system  of  rail  and  telegraph 
communications.     This  is  fundamental. 

So  let  us  DEVELOP  the  Philippines — not  permit  their 
future  exploitation. 

It  will  have  a  reciprocal  advantage.  It's  a  good  Orien- 
tal base.     In  a  highly  organized  state  it  will  be  a  bulwark 


for  peace  and  prosperity,  and  a  standing  guarantee  that 
America  means  something  in  the  economy  of  international 
life. 

$         $         $ 

CHINA  AND  THE  IRISH  QUESTION 

IN  America  there  are  millions  sincerely  attached  to  the 
principles  enunciated  by  President  Wilson  in  his  cele- 
brated fourteen  points  pronunciamento.  It  was  indeed  the 
authoritive  basis  upon  which  American  support  was  ac- 
cepted and  volunteered  when  the  United  States  redeemed 
the  tottering  cause  of  the  allies  by  its  very  generous  as- 
sistance and  sacrifice.  •  Had  it  not  been  made  absolutely 
certain  that  there  would  be  no  quibbling  about  these  prin- 
ciples among  our  associates  when  we  delivered  a  military 
decision  to  them  there  would  not  have  been  such  unanimous 
approval  of  American  prodigality  of  men,  money  and 
MIGHT  in  behalf  of  the  allies. 

Now  we  observe  a  treaty  that  studiously  dodges  every 
vital  issue  in  the  original  conception  of  national  SELF- 
DETERMINATION  and  is  as  studiously  assertive  of  EX- 
TRA-TERRITORIAL impositions  as  have  ever  been  con- 
ceived since  the  Peace  of  Utrecht. 

Here  we  find  Japan  FOOLISHLY  asserting  CONTROL 
of  a  piece  of  China  from  which  Germany  has  been  kicked, 
- — and  the  treaty  makers  ' '  standing ' '  for  it !  Here  we  find 
Italy,  inflamed  bjr  Japan's  success,  demanding  also  a  "con- 
cession" in  China.  Both  point  to  Hong  Kong  and  Shang- 
hai and  Saigon  as  lingering  reminders  that  FOREIGNERS 
still  cling  to  their  old  pre-war  exactions  in  the  Chinese  Re- 
public and  exhibit  little  disposition  to  cultivate  the  prin- 
ciples of  self-determination  in  China  or  any  other  country 
where  a  footing  can  be  carved,  captured  or  carbined. 

All  this  means  nothing  but  WAR  as  soon  as  tired  hu- 
manity becomes  sufficiently  rested  to  get  mad  again.  It 
may  take  a  period  of  twenty  years,  but  no  longer;  so  all 
this  talk  of  a  League  of  Nations,  under  such  provoking 
certainties  of  international  hatreds,  is  either  nonsense  or 
the  propaganda  of  an  international  war  syndicate  in  pro- 
cess of  erection. 

Furthermore,  the  retention  of  Ireland  against  her 
wishes  by  the  ARMED  authority  of  Great  Britain,  is  noth- 
ing but  NAVAL  STRATEGY  pure  and  simple  in  the  first 
instance  and,  in  the  next  instance,  an  AUTHORATIVE  in- 
dorsement of  Japan's  policy  at  Shantung. 

In  COMBINATION  the  co-ordination  of  the  two  policies 
is  simply  a  proclamation  to  the  world  that  neither  England 
nor  Japan  take  any  stock  in  our  present  covenant  of 
PEACE.  If  they  do  they  are  taking  mighty  good  care  to 
"cover"  their  confidence  by  gathering  in  all  the  strategical 
positions  essential  to  self  protection  regardless  of  the  other 
fellow's  feelings. 

And  we  had  sincerely  HOPED  that  there  was  sucli  a 
thing  as  GRATITUDE  and  sincerity  among  aspiring  hu- 
man beings.     We  did  believe  that  a  drowning  crew  had 


August    19  19 


151 


On  Equality  With  Competitors 


some  regard  for  the  wishes  of  their  deliverer;  but  it  seems 
that  humanity  is  HUMAN  still,  and  that  the  Chinese  and 
Irish  questions  wlil  remain  the  festering  stilettos  in  the 
side  of  an  emasculated  Peace  until  the  race  again,  in  its 
struggle  for  emancipation,  resorts  to  war, — inconceivably 
horrible  and  hellish ! 

It  would  seem  that  the  common  sense  of  civilization 
should  intervene  to  prevent  such  meditated  courage, — such 
suicidal  mania  in  a  world  grown  sick  of  war. 

$         $         $ 
HOW  SOME  POLITICIANS  HOLD  ON 

IN  some  of  our  neighboring  mock-republics  is  witnessed 
the  spectacle  of  a  man  screwed  into  executive  office  like 
the  old  "fixtures" 
of  the  Common 
Law.  They  never 
resign  and  seldom 
die.  And  they 
often  exhibit  the 
appearance  of  na- 
tional benefactors 
and  popular  he- 
roes. 

,  They  are  seldom 
either. 

Grafters  by  in- 
stinct, buccaneers 
by  profession,  sy- 
cophants by  edu- 
cation and  retain- 
ers by  choice  they 
are      the      mortal 

i  enemies  of  their 
misguided  people 
when  they  sell  to 
the  foreign  ex- 
ploiters of  their 
tive  land, 
ec  e  n  1 1 y  we 
v  e  witnessed 
the    expulsion    of 

I  one  set  of  officials 
and  the  installa- 
tion of  another  in  one  of  our  southern  "republics"  at  the 
behest  of  a  large  shipping  concern  of  foreign  origin.  Ap- 
parently it  satisfied  the  impulses  of  the  native  population. 
In  reality  it  was  a  cut-and-dried  scheme  of  the  foreign 
exploiters  to  gain  CONTROL  of  the  strategical  harbors  that 
would  paralyze  competition  and  perpetuate  a  monopoly 
from  which  nothing  but  HOSTILITY  toward  America 
among  the  native  population  would  grow. 

It  is  a  fine  piece  of  propaganda  for  the  rivals  of  the 
United  States. 


And  the  beauty  of  the  thing  is  that  the  CREATURE  of 
the  corporation,  the  "great-and-good-man"  in  office  is  con- 
gratulated by  our  politicians  for  making  American  activi- 
ties and  investments  in  neighboring  countries  a  sort  of 
"first  aid"  to  the  down-and-outs  of  Janus-headed  co- 
partners of  American  self-deception  and  gratuitous 
prodigality. 

In  a  future  issue  of  Pan  Pacific  we  shall  give  the  his- 
tory of  some  of  these  political  mountebanks  and  the  forces 
back  of  them  with  offices  in  the  United  States  and  HEAD- 
QUARTERS in  hostile  countries.  We  will  give  the  names 
of  BANK  DIRECTORS  and  their  satelites  in  trade.  It 
will  be  an  interesting  picture, — with  plenty  of  dramatic  ac- 
tion, to  keep  the  reader  awake.  It  will  also  be  TIMELY, 
in  view  of  the  many  conflicting  opinions  we  are  receiving 

from  interested 
quarters  upon  the 
deceptive  attrib- 
utes of  "self-de- 
termination." 
$    $    $ 


3 


PUBLICITY 
NEEDED 


R 


(By  Orr  in  Ch 
ALL    SET    FOR    WO 


ECENT  trav- 
ellers in  the 
Orient  have  re- 
turned with  Al- 
ladin-like  reports 
of  the  marvellous 
o  p  p  o  r  t  unities 
awaiting  Ameri- 
can enterprise  and 
capital  throughout 
Asia.  Surprise  is 
expressed  by  some 
of  these  that  so 
little  is  known  on 
this  side  of  the  Pa- 
cific of  the  won- 
derful industrial 
and  trading  needs 
of  Siberia,  China, 
India  and  the  Far 
East.  The  opinion 
frequently  has  been  expressed  by  returning  travellers  that 
lack  of  advertising  has  left  us  comparatively  ignorant  of 
trade  conditions  across  the  Pacific.    - 

These  assert  that  if  Asia  had  been  advertised  as  persist- 
ently and  as  intelligently  as  Latin  America  has  been  fea- 
tured during  the  last  fifteen  to  eighteen  years  a  far  greater 
portion  of  our  overseas  trading  would  have  been  across  the 
ocean.  It  is  true  that  since  1914  our  trade  with  the  Far 
East  has  increased  from  13  to  18  per  cent  of  our  total,  while 
that  with  Latin  America  has  increased  since  1905  18  to  19%. 


icago  Tribune) 
RLD   TRADE    RACE 


152 


Pan  Pacific 


Investment  Opportunities 
In  Mexico  Sugar  Industry 


OWING  to  destruction  of  some  of 
the  eane  sugar  producing  fac- 
tories in  the  State  of  Morelos,  but  re- 
cently freed  from  the  grip  of  the  ban- 
dit Zapata,  and  to  rebel  activities  in 
the  State  of  Vera  Cruz,  the  production 
of  sugar  in  Mexico  during  the  last  few 
years  has  been  considerably  reduced — ■ 
so  much  so  that  in  1918  it  was  neces- 
sary to  import  thousands  of  tons  from 
Cuba  to  make  up  the  amount  needed 
for  domestic  consumption.  In  1911, 
before  the  revolution,  the  production 
of  Mexican  sugar  amounted  to  160,000 
tons. 

The  sugar  mills  are,  however,  re- 
suming operations  in  many  parts  of 
Mexico,  and  present  prospects  are  for 
a  crop  of  115,000  tons  for  1919-20.  In 
the  west  coast  states  of  Sonora  and 
Sinaloa,  where  the  irrigated  sugar 
plantations  of  the  Almeda  Co.,  the 
Redo  Co.,  and  the  United  Sugar  Com- 
panies (American)  are  located,  rebel 
activities  have  had  hardly  any  effect 
upon  operations,  which  were  only  in- 
terfered with  once,  in  1916,  by  a  Villis- 
ta  raid. 

The  Custotolaman  sugar  mill  on  the 
San  Juan  river  in  the  state  of  Vera 
Cruz  is  running,  and  so  are  the  fol- 
lowing sugar  mills:  Oaxaquena  mill  at 
Santa  Lucrecia,  Vera  Cruz,  the  Santa 
Fe  mill  at  Tlacotalpan,  the  Paraiso 
Novillero  mill  and  the  Motzorongo 
mill,  both  in  the  state  of  Vera  Cruz. 

Planning    to    Extend 
Present  Sugar  Plant 

One  of  the  leading  sugar  mills  in  the 
state  of  Oaxoca  is  that  at  Niltepec,  on 
the  Pan  American  Railway.  The  an- 
nual production  of  this  plantation  and 
mill  is  1,000  to  1,500  tons  of  white 
sugar  and  100,000  to  125,000  liters  of 
alcohol  of  96  per  cent.  The  company 
is  at  present  planning  to  extend  its 
plant  in  order  to  increase  its  output 
to  3,000  tons  of  sugar  a  year.  An- 
other sugar  mill  and  plantation  in  the 
same  state  are  located  in  Laolloag, 
producing  each  year  about  300  metric 
tons  of  sugar,  although  capable  of 
turning  out  1,000  metric  tons.  A  third 
company  owns  a  plantation  in  Mixte- 
quilla,  about  four  kilometers  from  Te- 
huantepec.  The  output  of  this  state 
ranges  between  160  and  165  metric 
tons  a  year. 

As  a  result  of  my  recent  tour 
through  Mexico  I  met  N.  A.  Helmer,  a 
New  York  engineer,  who  specializes  in 
sugar  machinery,  and  who  was  down 
there  making  an  extensive  investiga- 
tion    regarding     the     conditions    sur- 


By  P.  HARVEY  MIDDLETON 
Author   of   "Powerful   Foreign   Trade 
Combinations   of  Europe,"  "New 
Railways   in    Strange    Lands," 
"Foreign   Trade   in   Railway 
Supplies, "   "  Railway   Sup- 
plies in  Mexico,"  etc. 

rounding  the  operation  of  the  irrigated 
sugar  plantations  of  the  United  Sugar 
Companies  located  at  Los  Mochis, 
state  of  Sinaloa,  about  600  miles  south 
of  Nogales,  Ariz.,  and  fourteen  miles 
south  of  the  port  of  Topolobampo, 
which  is  the  terminus  of  the  Kansas 
City,  Mexico  and  Orient  Railroad. 

There  are  two  different  plants  at 
Los  Mochis  known  as  the  Agrila  and 
the  Mochis,  the  acreage  of  the  two 
plantations  being  about  140,000  acres, 
approximately  one-tenth  of  which  is 
under  cultivation.  The  cane  grown 
here  is  mostly  a  purple  variety,  fairly 
straight  with  a  rind  exceedingly  hard 
and  high  fibre  content  never  less  than 
12  per  cent  and  sometimes  as  high  as 
16  per  cent.  Cultivation  is  largely  car- 
ried on  with  traction  engines,  al- 
though mules  and  oxen  are  also  used. 

Market  For  Products 
Is   Entirely   Mexican 

The  labor  is  largely  Indian  and  Mex- 
ican, housed  in  colonies  located  near 
the  points  where  they  are  employed. 
To  induce  labor  to  remain  supplies  are 
sold  at  cost  or  less  from  the  commis- 
saries operated  by  the  company.  There 
are  two  irrigating  plants  affording  an 
ample  water  supply,  the  system  of 
canals  being  complete  and  highly  op- 
erated. 

The  market  for  the  products  of 
these  plantations  is  entirely  Mexican. 
They  grow  about  25  tons  of  sugar  to 
the  acre,  yielding  about  10  per  cent  of 
white  sugar  and  about  three  gallons 
of  alcohol  to  the  ton  of  cane — the  al- 
cohol being  about  9  per  cent  anhyd- 
rous. Manufacturing  costs  are  about 
$12  per  ton. 

The  market  for  sugar  is  along  the 
west  coast  to  Mazatlan  and  large 
quantities  are  shipped  north  to  No- 
gales  thence  in  bond  to  El  Paso  and 
Laredo  as  distributing  points  to  Cen- 
tral and  Eastern  Mexico.  The  market 
does  not  demand  an  extremely  high 
grade  of  sugar.  Only  one  grade  is 
produced,  namely,  a  fine  grained  hard 
cube  sugar  sold  in  paper  lined  sacks. 

In  talking  over  political  conditions 
in  the  districts  visited  by  Mr.  Helmer, 
he  said :  ' '  My  observations  have  led  me 
to  believe  that  the  newspaper  reports 
of  outrages  are  exaggerated  and  that 


the  conditions  are  far  better  than 
those  existing  twenty-five  years  ago 
in  Kansas  or  other  poorly  policed  ag- 
ricultural states  of  the  West.  I  be- 
lieve that  conditions  in  Mexico  would 
improve  rapidly  as  soon  as  our  gov- 
ernment assists  Mexico  by  permitting 
the  introduction  of  military  supplies 
on  the  distinct  understanding  that  ef- 
fective repressive  measures  are  to  be 
undertaken  against  brigandage  of  any 
description,  so  as  to  permit  the  de- 
mobilization of  a  portion  of  the  labor 
now  in  military  service." 

Equipment       Needed 
by     the     Plantations 

The  equipment  needed  by  the  sugar 
industry  includes  evaporating  machin- 
ery, such  as  vacuum  pans  and  multiple 
effect  evaporators,  boilers,  pumps,  pip- 
ing, valves,  fittings,  fire  brick,  struc- 
tural steel  for  buildings,  tank  material, 
distilling  machinery,  cotton  and  jute 
sacks  for  sugar,  cans  (and  boxes  to 
contain  them)  for  alcohol,  casks,  coop- 
erage machinery,  electrical  machinery 
for  lighting  and  power,  hydro  electric 
machinery,  plantation  railroad  equip- 
ment, mechanical  plowing  equipment, 
agricultural  tools,  live  stock,  chemicals 
for  clarification  of  sugar  juices,  office 
equipment,  and  internal  combustion 
motors. 

The  sugar  industry  in  Mexico  offers 
one  of  the  most  productive  opportuni- 
ties for  the  investment  of  American 
capital  and  the  introduction  of  modern 
machinery.  Mexico  is  in  many  respects 
an  ideal  sugar  producing  country,  and 
it  might  rank  with  Cuba  if  as  much 
attention  were  given  to  the  crop  in 
the  one  country  as  in  the  other. 

Sugar  cane  grows  in  practically 
every  state  in  the  republic,  and  it  is 
due  to  the  primitive  methods  employed 
that  Mexico  has  not  entered  more 
largely  into  the  sugar  export  trade. 
Plantations  of  sugar  cane  covering  in 
all  hundreds  of  thousands  of  acres 
exist  in  the  states  of  Puebla,  Morelos, 
Vera  Cruz,  Oaxaca,  Sonora  and  Sina- 
loa. 

Industry  Carried  On 
By  Wealthy  and  Poor 

The  industry  is  at  present  carried  on 
both  by  the  wealthy  planter,  with  his 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  in- 
vested in  lands  and  refineries,  and  by 
the  poor  renter,  with  his  few  acres  of 
ground,  his  wooden  rolls  and  copper 
kettle.  The  rich  man  produces  the  re- 
fined white  sugar,  and  the  poor  man 
produces  the  various  classes  of  brown 
sugar,  known  in  Mexico  as  "pilonicil- 
lo"  and  "panocha,"  which  when  fresh 
resemble  maple  sugar,  and  which  are 
used  to  sweeten  beverages. 

Lands  on  the  elevated  levels  yield 
less  but  richer  cane  than  those  on  the 
lowlands,  and  attempts  in  recent  years 
to  grow  the  sugar  cane  on  the  plateau 
have  met  with  decided  suecess.  From 
twenty-five  to  forty  tons  of  cane  per 
acre  is  stated  to  be  the  average  yield 


August    19  19 


153 


Mobilize  Our  Soldiers 

For  Overseas  Commerce 


I 


By  HERBERT  J.  SPINDEN 

— o — 

THE  rapid  expansion  of  German 
trade  in  the  decade  before  the 
great  war  was  largely  due  to  the  size 
and  personnel  of  German  commercial 
colonies  in  foreign  lands. 

Young  men,  trained  in  the  details  of 
buying  and  selling  and  of  collecting 
and  distributing,  were  encouraged  to 
make  their  start  in  new  lands  as  part 
of  the  German  scheme  to  obtain  and 
hold  trade.  In  some  countries  they 
were  even  advised  to  intermarry  with 
the  strongest  native  families  in  order 
to  strengthen  the  bonds  of  business 
with  those  of  blood.  And,  although 
Germany  is  today  beaten  in  her  own 
territory,  her  foreign  trade  organiza- 
tions throughout  the  world  are  prac- 
tically unimpaired. 

While  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  Amer- 
icans will  never  sink  to  the  more  cyn- 
ical devices  of  the  Huns  in  commerce, 
still  we  can  hardly  succeed  in  foreign 
markets  unless  we  follow  them  in  hav- 
ing nationals  on  the  ground  to  repre- 
sent us.  Only  Americans  can  adver- 
tise American  goods  and  business 
methods.  Moreover,  we  have  as  much 
to  learn  about  our  prospective  custom- 
ers as  they  have  about  us. 

Mobilize      the      Soldiers 
For  Overseas  Commerce 

Young  men  who  have  drunk  deep 
of  adventure,  who  have  seen  visions 
beyond  the  skyline  of  other  days,  are 
returning  home  from  France.  To 
many  of  these  the  old  life,  once  the  joy 
of  home  coming  has  passed,  will  prove 
all  but  intolerable.  The  groove  of 
farm  or  factory  will  be  too  narrow. 
But  we  may  mobilize  these  new  ad- 
venturers for  a  great  and  necessary 
service  at  the  four  ends  of  the  earth. 

At  this  time  our  business  houses 
which  have  foreign  departments,  or 
which  intend  to  create  them,  should  be 
prevailed  upon  to  mobilize  to  the  full- 
est their  forces  for  foreign  service,  in 
Latin  America,  China,  Russia,  the  Far 
East.  Many  young  men  are  now  re- 
urning  to  America  who  have  "found 
hemselves"  in  trying  months  on  the 
attle  line. 


As  commissioned  or  non-commis- 
sioned officers,  some  of  these  have  been 
successful  in  handling  other  men,  all 
have  learned  to  obey  orders,  and  have 
had  two  years  of  discipline.  The  pres- 
tige of  having  been  part  of  the  success- 
ful American  Army  that  put  the  quietus 
upon  the  hopes  of  Germany  will  give 
these  men  social  standing  in  a  new 
community  and  their  youth  will  make 
it  easy  for  them  to  learn  foreign  lan- 
guages and  adapt  themselves  to  for- 
eign modes  of  life. 

Cause    of    Failures 
In    Foreign    Trade 

In  the  past  there  has  been  a  very 
high  percentage  of  failure  among 
Americans  sent  into  foreign  lands. 
The  causes  of  this  failure  are  three- 
fold: First,  the  lack  of  proper  techni- 
cal training;  second,  the  inability  to 
view  sympathetically  the  habits  of 
thought  and  modes  of  life  that  prevail 
in  foreign  countries ;  third,  moral  re- 
laxation, which  often  results  in  loss 
of  caste  and  national  pride. 

As  regards  the  first  of  these  causes 
of  failure,  the  war  experience  of  many 
men  has  at  least  given  them  the  be- 
ginning of  an  education  in  transporta- 
tion, an  important  branch  of  commer- 
cial service  that  cannot  be  learned  in 
books.  Members  of  the  Quartermas- 
ter's staff  have  had  to  contend  with 
port  and  railroad  facilities  differing 
from  those  in  the  United  States.  But 
the  great  handicap  of  ignorance  of 
commercial  usage  in  distant  markets 
that  might  be  urged  against  these  men 
is  really  the  common  handicap  of 
nearly  every  one  in  the  United  States. 

Commercial  education  here  is  either 
on  a  plane  much  lower  than  in  Ger- 
many, or  it  is  on  such  a  high  and 
academic  plane  that  it  attracts  few 
students.  Many  so-called  "business 
schools"  are  run  without  other  con- 
sideration than  to  make  money  for 
their  owners. 

Trade  a  Profession 
In  Many  Countries 

In  Germany,  and  to  a  lesser  extent 
in   other   European   countries,   foreign 


trade  is  a  profession,  and  professional 
training  is  regarded  as  an  antecedent 
condition  for  it.  Commercial  and  in- 
dustrial schools  have  support  from  lo- 
cal and  central  governments,  and  are 
freed  from  the  evils  of  exploitation. 
If  our  standard  for  commercial  and 
industrial  schools  were  raised  to  that 
for  our  schools  of  mining,  civil,  elec- 
trical, and  mechanical  engineering,  to 
say  nothing  of  the  liberal  arts,  we 
should  be  able  to  meet  all  competitors. 

But  while  such  a  hoped-for  condi- 
tion is  being  brought  about  we  cannot 
be  idle.  At  least  one  of  the  larger 
American  houses  engaged  in  foreign 
banking  and  investment  is  schooling 
its  own  men.  Unfortunately,  this 
method  of  meeting  the  situation  is  be- 
yond the  average  house  that  wishes  to 
extend  its  activities.  A  careful  selec- 
tion for  foreign  representatives  made 
from  returned  soldiers  who  have  had 
previous  commercial  experience  in  the 
United  States  will  probably  give  good 
results  in  many  instances. 

The  second  principal  cause  for  fail- 
ure in  the  past  among  Americans  who 
have  been  sent  abroad  has  been  incom- 
patibility. It  seems  strange  that  in 
the  United  States,  which  draws  its 
population  from  the  four  corners  of 
the  world,  there  should  be  something 
that  inhibits  international  sympathy. 

"Wear       Good -Will 
Upon  Their  Sleeves" 

But  there  are  Americans  who  have 
the  gift  of  being  what  our  Latin  neigh- 
bors call  "simpatico."  Such  persons 
wear  good-will  upon  their  sleeve, 
where  it  cannot  be  overlooked,  and, 
whether  their  lot  is  cast  in  business 
or  diplomacy,  they  make  friends  for 
the  United  States  while  they  make 
friends  for  themselves.  Almost  al- 
ways they  are  persons  who  pick  up 
languages  and  details  of  etiquette 
quickly. 

Among  the  2,000,000  American 
youths  who  have  passed  through  Eng- 
land and  France  there  must  be  a  great 
number  who  have  discovered  this  en- 
gaging quality  of  sympathy.  Other 
things  being  equal,  they  will  make  the 
best  soldiers  in  the  army  of  commer- 
cial penetration. 

The  third  cause  for  failure  among 
Americans  who  seek  their  fortunes 
outside  the  United  States  is  moral 
degradation  that  results  from  the 
change  in  their  mode  of  life.     In  many 

(Continued  on  next  page) 


on  the  elevated  plantations  and  from 
forty  to  sixty  tons  in  the  tropical 
lands.  The  cane,  especially  on  the 
Gulf  slope,  grows  to  an  enormous  size, 
and  does  not  need  a  heavy  outlay  for 
its  irrigation  and  cultivation. 

It  is  safe  to  say  that  not  more  than 
ten  per  cent  of  the  land  available  in 
Mexico  for  the  planting  of  sugar  cane 
is  utilized.  There  is  a  large  field  in 
the  country  for  the  best  class  of  re- 


fining  factories,  although  before  the 
revolution  there  were  over  two  thou- 
sand sugar  mills  in  Mexico,  large  and 
small.  There  is  a  tendency  to  increase 
the  acreage  under  cultivation  and  to 
modernize  the  methods  in  the  refining 
of  the  raw  material. 

It  is  in  large  scale  operation  that 
real  money  is  to  be  made  in  Mexican 
sugar.  For  a  plantation  having  6,000 
acres  in  cane,  with  the  proper  machin- 


ery, buildings,  the  working  capital 
should  be  about  $1,250,000,  exclusive 
of  the  land.  Such  a  plantation  would 
handle  about  1,000  tons  of  cane  a  day 
of  twenty-four  hours.  They  would 
probably  grind  about  120  days  in  a 
year,  which  would  mean  that  they 
would  have  to  raise  120,000  tons  of 
cane.  The  average  cost  of  cane  in 
Mexico  should  not  exceed  $2.50  a  ton 
delivered  to  the  factory. 


154 


Pan  Pacific 


JUST  prior  to  the  cessation  of  hos- 
tilities between  Germany  and  the 
Allies,  the  export  business  between  the 
United  States  and  Japan  was  flourish- 
ing to  an  extent  that  was  unbeliev- 
able. The  situation  was  that  any  com- 
modity, from  junk  to  locomotives,  was 
avidly  sought  by  our  cross-Pacific  al- 
lies. 

November  11,  1918,  brought  peace 
to  a  harrassed  world  and  also,  unfor- 
tunately, brought  with  it  a  tremendous 
slump  in  the  Oriental  market.  Japan, 
buying  in  great  volume  at  high  prices, 
found  herself  confronted  with  a  vast 
wealth  of  almost  every  imaginable 
commodity,  for  which  her  outlet  was 
at  one  fell  stroke  stopped. 

On  the  other  hand,  American  firms 
were  forced  to  cancel  contracts  for 
steamer  space  and  merchandise,  and  to 
warehouse  goods,  that  with  the  coming 
of  peace  were  virtually  a  drug  upon 
the  market. 

Many  importing  and  exporting 
houses  of  both  Japan  and  the  United 
States  which,  mushroom-like,  had 
sprung  up  in  a  night,  were  forced  to 
suspend,  and  others  were  keeping  open 
only  by  virtue  of  patiently  waiting  for 
the  dark  clouds  of  business  depression 
to  roll  by. 

In  Japan  thousands  of  firms  closed 
their  doors,  and  offerings  of  goods 
from  this  side,  made  by  merchants 
anxious  to  dispose  of  goods  even  at  an 
actual  loss,  were  ignored.  Some  firms 
who  had  contracted  to  ship  merchan- 
dise during  late  1918  and  early  1919 
were  in  bad  straits  through  wholesale 
cancellations. 

Exporters  meeting  exporters  would 
indulge  in  mutual  condolence  as  to  the 
state  of  business  rather  than  in  mutual 
felicitations  as  to  "the  big  order  just 
landed." 

Making  matters  worse  was  the  fact 
that  while  foreign  trade  from  the  coast 
was  at  a  practical  standstill,  rail  and 
steamer  rates  continued  high  for  long 
periods,  and  so,  when  at  last  through 
the  medium  of  the  United  States  Ship- 
ping Board,  steamer  bookings  could  be 
obtained  at  a  reasonable  figure,  ves- 
sels were  leaving  coast  ports  light  or 
were  berthed  for  long  periods  await- 
ing cargo  that  would  make  their  trip  , 
profitable. 

It  seemed  like  an  inconceivable 
nightmare  that  foreign  trade  should  be 
thus  paralyzed  in  this  manner.  All 
knew  that  the  armistice  must  bring  a 
natural  drop  in  prices  and  in  volume 
of  business  enjoyed,  but  none  dreamt 
that  this  condition  would  be  effected 
to  the  extent  that  it  was. 

Blithe,  young  brokers,  figuring  on 
purchasing  limousines,  and  who,  with 
the  golden  harvest  of  war  time  orders 
were  feeling  like  potential  millionaires, 
were  gloomily  speculating  upon  the  se- 
curance  of  the  next  months'  office 
rent. 


The  Armistice 

and 

The  Orient 


By  ARTHUR  RUDE 
o 

Iron,  steel  and  industrial  chemicals 
were  the  largest  items  of  export,  and 
these  three  took  the  worst  drop.  As 
an  illustration  of  this  condition  let  us 
bring  to  your  attention  the  industrial 
chemical  known  as  light  soda  ash. 

During  the  war  the  cost  of  this 
chemical  was  approximately  $3.00  per 
hundred  pounds,  F.  0.  B.  eastern  fac- 
tory, and  with  added  freight,  insur- 
ance and  warehousing  this  price  was 
brought  up  to  about  $5.00  per  hundred 
pounds  at  San  Francisco.  With  the 
coming  of  the  armistice  this  item 
brought  little  more  than  $1.60  per 
hundred  at  San  Francisco,  bringing, 
when  sold,  little  more  than  the  rail 
freight  paid  to  transport  it  from  fac- 
tory to  coast. 

It  is  encouraging  to  note  that  de- 
spite this  business  debacle,  one  very 
seldom  heard  regret  as  to  the  cause  of 
same ;  sadness  there  was  indeed  that 
business  should  be  dormant,  but  rare 
indeed  was  the  man  who  did  not  re- 
joice that  four  years  of  slaughter  and 
travail  should  be  ended,  even  though 
at  the  expense  of  his  personal  inter- 
ests. 

The  situation  as  described  continued 
in  the  first  four  months  of  1919,  and 
it  is  only  recently  that  foreign  trade 
has  resumed  an  upward  climb.    Trade 


conditions  with  the  Orient  are  now 
rapidly  approaching  what  may  be 
termed  as  "very  good,"  and  the  feel- 
ing of  commercial  uneasiness  as  to  the 
future  has  vanished. 

Market  conditions  in  Japan  are  as- 
suming a  favorable  aspect,  due  to  the 
gradual  depletion  of  stock  of  merchan- 
dise held  there.  "Gradual  inquiries" 
are  becoming  "gradual  orders,"  and 
the  next  few  months  should  witness 
a  resumption  of  stabilized  business. 

Aside  from  the  statements  of  repre- 
sentative exporters  as  to  this  business 
improvement,  this  is  borne  out  by  the 
fact  that  steamer  space  is  tightening 
and  is  not  so  free,  for  the  scarcity  or 
surplus  of  trans-Pacific  cargo  space  is 
the  export  barometer  working  in  in- 
verse ratio ;  for  poor  business  means 
ample  steamer  space  and  good,  the  op- 
posite. 

Industrial  chemicals  are  still  weak, 
but  becoming  more  firm,  while  metal 
products  are  moving  nicely,  with  the 
usual  run  of  miscellaneous  export  ship- 
ments at  about  normal.  Westbound 
from  the  Orient  the  situation  is  even 
more  encouraging,  as  nuts,  vegetable 
oils,  albumen,  camphor,  foodstuffs, 
etc.,  are  in  great  demand,  with  a  firm 
and  rising  market. 

It  is  the  writer's  firm  belief  that  the 
next  six  months  will  show  a  triple  vol- 
ume of  business,  as  compared  with  the 
first  months  of  1919,  this  applying  both 
to  and  from  the  Orient.  Of  course,  it 
cannot  be  expected  that  .the  evil  ef- 
fects of  four  years  of  world  war  can 
be  eradicated  in  four  months,  and  all 
things  being  considered,  the  situation 
is  first  rate. 

In  conclusion,  it  should  be  stated 
that  the  time  is  past  for  saying  "busi- 
ness is  poor";  so  now  say  BUSINESS 
IS  GOOD— and  then  make  it  BET- 
TER. 


Mobilizing  the  Soldiers  for  Trade 

(Continued  from  page  153) 


countries  the  restraints  put  upon 
young  men  are  much  less  than  in  the 
United  States,  and  the  restraints  put 
upon  young  women  are  much  greater. 
Freed  from  home  ties  and  from  the 
fear  of  criticism  by  acquaintances, 
Americans  abroad  often  fall  into  easy 
ways  of  living,  and  then,  not  infre- 
quently, in  a  last  flare  of  chivalry, 
marry  native  women  far  below  them 
in  the  social  scale. 

These  men  soon  find  themselves 
caught  in  a  social  matrix  from  which 
there  is  no  escape.  But  the  moral 
dangers  largely  disappear  when  Amer- 
icans are  concentrated  in  sufficient 
numbers  to  provide  society  for  one 
another,  and  especially  when  Amer- 
ican women  are  also  present.  In  gen- 
eral, it  is  a  wise  precaution  for  busi- 
ness houses  to  provide  that  their  rep- 
resentatives, especially  those  who  are 
unmarried,  shall  have  terms  of  service 
alternately  abroad  and  at  home. 


From  these  considerations  it  seems 
to  follow  that  we  should  provide  a  bet- 
ter technical  training  for  our  youths 
who  care  to  enter  foreign  trade,  pre- 
ferably through  an  addition  to  our 
public  school  system,  but  that,  in  the 
meantime,  we  should  use  the  best  ma- 
terials at  hand  and  not  delay  to  es- 
tablish ourselves  strongly  in  foreign 
lands. 

As  regards  the  special  features  of 
the  desired  instruction,  mention  should 
be  made  of  languages,  especially  Span- 
ish and  French ;  of  geography  and  his- 
tory, both  political  and  commercial; 
of  economics,  of  transportation,  of  ex- 
change, banking,  and  commercial  law, 
and  of  bookkeeping,  stenography,  etc. 
It  might  be  possible  to  provide  men 
deficient  in  certain  lines,  but  other- 
wise qualified,  with  books  and  man- 
uals for  home  study. 


August    19  19 


155 


Preparing  for  Foreign  Trade 


(Continued  from  page  141) 


China  is  not  so  well  organized, 
either  socially,  industrially  or  polit- 
ically ;  nor  is  it  up  to  the  desired  living 
standards  of  Russia  even  now;  fur- 
thermore, its  present  opportunities  are 
confined  if  not  monopolized.  This  con- 
stitutes a  barrier  against  competitive 
endeavor  in  the  absence  of  new  stand- 
ards and  will  become  a  lingering 
cause  of  industrial  repression,  if  not 
of  international  hostility  and  financial 
instability,  that  will  sterilize  the  pur- 
chasing power  of  the  Chinese  race  and 
threaten  the  development  of  trade. 
This  will  mean  either  diplomatic  bri- 
gandage or  military  force  from  with- 
out, organized  banditti  and  raiding 
from  within,  and  perpetuate  race- 
hatreds against  and  among  ALL  in- 
terveners who  attempt  to  restore  the 
economic  equilibrium. 


Resources    Unlimited 
In     Russia     in     Asia 


Asiatic  Russia  does  NOT  display, 
even  in  her  present  MISREPRE- 
SENTED state,  such  an  unattractive 
prospect  to  the  aggressive  foreign 
trader.  Her  resources  are  unlimited. 
She  has  gold  BY  THE  TON  securely 
in  her  vaults.  Her  agricultural  and 
industrial  and  banking  organizations 
and  co-operative  agencies  are  incom- 
prehensively  RICH. 

Her  people  have  recently  organized 
free    schools    by    the    THOUSANDS, 
with  over  FIFTY  THOUSAND  volun- 
teer teachers,  scattered  through  every 
i  village  and  hamlet  and  city,  dispens- 
ing the  EDUCATION  that  has  always 
been   DEMANDED   and   never   before 
known   among  these   enterprising   and 
|  highly    moral    altruists    who    compose 
the    finest   specimens   of   honesty    and 
:  chivalry  that  the  Caucasian  race  pre- 
sents. 

England  recognizes  this,  and  this 
very  moment,  although  knee-deep  in 
debt  to  America,  is  not  bothering  her 
head  about  the  exchange  value  of  the 
ruble,  but  is  digging  into  that  market 
as  deeply  as  she  can. 

France  recognizes  this,  and  notwith- 
standing her  crippled  condition  and 
her  inability  to  pay  America  a  cent  on 
what  she  borrowed,  is  right  now 
plunging  into  Turkestan,  the  Crimea, 
and  the  rich  fields  of  the  Kurgan,  and 
rushing  breathlessly  back  to  Marseilles 
and  Lyons  with  mountains  of  silk  and 
bristles  and  grain  and  fiber  and  wool 
to  convert  into  fabrics  and  brushes 
and  gew-gaws  that  Americans  will 
ultimately  absorb  with  the  gusto  and 
complacency  of  spendthrifts  who  re- 
joice in  being  fleeced. 

There  is  considerable  ART  in  this. 
Art   always   recognizes   the   good,   the 


noble  and  the  true.  France  gets  the 
good  wares  of  Russia,  retails  them  to 
the  NOBLE  men  and  women  of  Amer- 
ica, for  the  TRUE  reason  that  she 
recognizes  the  profitable  probability 
in  the  present  organized  incapacity  of 
Americans  to  exercise  the  precaution- 
ary rudiments  of  international  trade ! 
Even  Tea  Merchants 
Rushing  Back  to  Russia 
Equally  true  is  this  among  the  mer- 
chants and  bankers  of  Japan  and 
Sweden  and  unobtrusive  little  Hol- 
land. And  even  the  tea  merchants  of 
China  are  rushing  back  to  Asiatic  Rus- 
sia, WHERE  THEY  NEVER  LOST  A 
TAEL,  while  ALL  NATIONS  ARE 
LAUGHING  at  the  AMERICAN 
SUPERSTITION  respecting  the  evap- 
orative characteristics  of  the  innocent 


quence  the  little  we  do  get  will  pos- 
sess the  real  merit  of  soundness  and 
common  horse  sense. 

Nowhere  can  it  be  better  displayed 
than  in  our  State  Department,  if  we 
get  the  right  men — men  who  REALIZE 
that  it  is  the  DUTY  of  the  govern- 
ment to  hereafter  PROTECT  the 
rights,  the  trade  and  the  INVEST- 
MENTS of  its  citizens  in  ALL  parts 
of  the  world — men  who  KNOW  that 
PEACE  and  profit  have  a  twin-birth 
among  a  people  who  keep  progressive 
and  well  informed. 

Oriental      Conditions 
Affected  by  the  War 

The  cry  of  "Bolshevism"  whenever 
the  name  of  Russia  is  mentioned  is 
very  largely  intended  for  American 
consumption.  It  has  a  decidedly  for- 
eign accent.  It  issues  mainly  from  the 
countries  that  are  already  FIRMLY 
ESTABLISHED  in  China  and  is  in- 
tended to  dissuade  Americans  from 
contending  for  the  unparalleled  op- 
portunities    offered     in    Russia    until 


. 


MORE   THAN    HALF   OF  THE   COAL   CONSUMED   ON    EARTH    IS   TAKEN    OUT   OF    THE 

MINES    OF    AMERICA 


little  ruble  that  has  terrorized  our 
brave  and  gallant  and  marvellously 
puissant  race ! 

Now  the  reason  for  all  this  commer- 
cial poltroonery,  this  miopic  disre- 
gard of  economic  caution,  this  her- 
metically-sealed industrial  vapidity 
that  stutters  its  idiotic  ineptities  and 
inanities  from  the  counting  room  to 
the  gravel  pits  of  America,  is  to  be 
FOUND  in  the  uncivilized  insularity 
and  illuminated  IGNORANCE  among 
people  renowned  for  common  sense. 

The  best  REMEDY  for  such  an  im- 
potent and  short-sighted  policy  is  the 
prescribed  educational  course  here  sug- 
gested which  should  be  made  COM- 
PULSORY upon  all  candidates  for 
public  office  and  such  other  persons 
Avho  assume  an  ex-cathedra  preroga- 
tive to  advise  and  legislate  against  the 
best  interests  of  their  country.  Such 
a  course  will,  at  least,  keep  them  up- 
to-the-minute  on  the  concatenation  of 
human  events,  and  if  it  does  have 
a   tendency  to   stop   the   flow   of   elo- 


such  foreign  traders  are  as  firmly  es- 
tablished there. 

Being  a  peaceful  nation  and  always 
RESTRAINED  from  foreign  activities 
by  the  absence  of  governmental  sup- 
port or  encouragement,  the  American 
people  accept  the  retarding  propa- 
ganda of  their  COMPETITORS  re- 
specting foreign  conditions  as  the 
GOSPEL  TRUTH.  The  purpose  as 
well  as  the  result  is  criminally  destruc- 
tive to  the  best  interests  of  the  world, 
for  the  CREED  of  Europe  finds  its 
only  eulogy  on  battlefields  and  its  fit- 
test elegy  among  the  tombs  of  slaugh- 
tered men.  Nothing  has  ever  flowed 
from  its  sepulchral  and  deceptive  ava- 
rice but  an  epidemic  of  hate-inflaming 
poverty  to  ossify  the  heart  of  industry 
and  desolate  the  haunts  of  men. 

The  very  staples  of  the  world  that 
Europe  has  arbitrarily  established  tell 
a  tale  of  nothing  but  MONOPOLY  and 
greed.  The  very  soils  of  earth  that 
might  be  utilized  by  men  to   develop 

(Concluded  on  page  163) 


156 


Pan  Pacific 


EXPORTERS  and  importers  of  Los 
Angeles  are  coming  to  a  realiza- 
tion of  the  value  of  having  potential 
customers  make  personal  calls. 
Through  the  Foreign  Trade  Club  and 
the  Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce those  who  select  commodities 
are  given  to  understand  that  they  will 
be  welcomed  and  extended  every  cour- 
tesy while  in  Southern  California  on 
commercial  missions. 

The  influx  of  representatives  of  for- 
eign houses,  following  the  cessation  of 
hostilities,  has  been  steadily  increas- 
ing. It  was  the  first  comers  who 
brought  Los  Angeles  dealers  to  real- 
ize the  importance  of  such  business, 
and  these  same  trail  blazers  in  for- 
eign trade  paved  the  way  for  the  re- 
ception of  others.  They  also  are  carry- 
ing out  the  news  to  the  world  that 
there  are  decided  advantages  in  a  per- 
sonal visit  to  the  port  of  Los  Angeles. 
Elaborate  Selection 
For  Overseas'  Buyers 

The  buyer  from  the  Orient,  Austral- 
asia or  the  Latin-American  countries 
is  not  only  assured  of  every  courtesy 
from  Southern  California  dealers,  but 
he  may  feel  safe  in  finding  as  elaborate 
a  selection  as  in  any  Pacific  Coast 
city.  Following  the  natural  law  of 
supply  and  demand,  Los  Angeles— one 
of  the  ten  most  populous  cities  in  the 
United  States— is  a  market  for  prac- 
tically everything  that  passes  out  or 
in  its  port.  As  approximately  90  per 
cent  of  exports  from  Pacific  Coast 
cities  of  the  United  States  come  from 
east  of  the  Rocky  mountains,  the  buyer 
in  Los  Angeles  is  at  no  disadvantage. 
He  is  nearer  to  65  per  cent  of  the 
great  producing  area  of  the  United 
States  than  in  any  other  west  coast 
city,  at  a  port  that  is  one  of  the 
main  stations  of  the  Sunshine  Route 
around  the  world,  foreseen  years  ago 
by  the  late  James  J.  Hill. 

In  the  matter  of  commodities  pro- 
duced west  of  the  Rocky  mountains, 
Los  Angeles  also  is  most  favorably 
located.  The  city  and  contiguous  ter- 
ritory are  credited  with  $378,000,000 
of  manufactured  products  annually. 
It  is  the  central  point  for  the  great 
oil  industry,  which  has  an  annual  pro- 
duction of  100,000,000  barrels.  Oil  and 
its  by-products  are  exported  largely 
from  this  point. 

In  Heart  of  Fruit 
Producing      World 

In  foodstuffs  the  visiting  buyer  may 
fairly  revel.    He  will  find  he  is  in  the 


By  MORRIS  M.  RATHBUN 
Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Commerce 
— o — 
heart  of  that  part  of  the  world  which 
produces  100  per  cent  of  the  commer- 
cial lemon  crop  and  also  100  per  cent 
of  the  dried  fig  crop  of  the  United 
States.  A  buyer  in  Los  Angeles  has 
access  to  98  per  cent  of  the  almonds; 
96  per  cent  of  the  walnuts;  95  per 
cent  of  the  olives;  97  per  cent  of  the 
apricots ;  79  per  cent  of  the  oranges ; 
51  per  cent  of  the  beans;  41  per  cent 
of  the  cantaloupes;  31  per  cent  of  the 
peaches;  29  per  cent  of  the  onions  and 
20  per  cent  of  the  barley  grown  in 
the  United  States. 

These  percentages  will  be  closely 
followed  in  the  manufactured  by- 
products of  the  foodstuffs  mentioned. 

The  center  of  the  sea  food  industry 
also  will  be  found  here  by  the  buyer. 
Canneries  line  the  south  coast  line  and 
annually  add  millions  of  pounds  of 
canned  sardines,  tuna  and  albacore  to 
the  world's  supply. 

Clay  products,  cement,  clothing, 
mill  products,  food  preparations,  fur- 
niture, lumber  products,  paints,  petrol- 
eum, chemical  ores,  meats,  sugar, 
structural  steel  and  oil  well  supplies 
are  produced  locally,  so  that  the  buyer 
may  make  personal  inspection  of  these 
purchases. 

City  Owns   Big  Part 
of  Its  Harbor  Lands 

The  city,  which  owns  the  greater 
part  of  the  harbor  lands,  has  some 
$6,000,000  available  for  immediate 
water  front  development,  designed  to 
facilitate  shipping.  One  of  the  steps 
contemplated  immediately  is  the  erec- 
tion of  a  high  density  cotton  compress, 
to  prepare  Southern  California's  crop 
of  this  staple  for  overseas  shipment, 
at  a  port  near  to  the  fields  where  the 
cotton  is  grown. 

Buyers  visiting  Los  Angeles  also 
have  the  advantage  of  meeting  per- 
sonally those  who  will  handle  their 
shipments.  In  view  of  future  trade 
relations  which  it  is  expected  will  be 
permanent,  this  item  is  worthy  of  con- 
sideration-. All  leading  steamship 
companies  operating  in  the  Pacific 
have  been  furnished  adequate  data 
concerning  Los  Angeles  harbor  and 
the  character  of  cargoes  that  may  be 
expected  to  develop  here,  and  most  of 
the  companies  have  sent  their  own 
representatives  to  compile  this  infor- 
mation. 

Many  of  the  personal  visits  were 
brought  about  through  invitations  ex- 


tended by  the  Los  Angeles  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  which  has  an  active  For- 
eign Trade  Department  devoted  to  ex- 
tending trade  through  the  most  prac- 
tical methods.  A  surprising  number 
responded  to  the  request  to  come  and 
make  personal  inspection  of  the  har- 
bor facilities,  and  it  would  appear  that 
buyers  might  act  to  advantage  in  sim- 
ilar capacities  for  the  interests  they 
represent. 

Inspect      the      Territory 
From  Which  Goods  Come. 

The  desirability  of  having  represen- 
tatives inspect  personally  the  terri- 
tory from  which  foreign  trade  prod- 
ucts emanate  has  been  emphasized 
rapidly  recently.  Buyers  who  have 
made  this  territory  for  the  first  time 
have  made  discoveries  decidedly  to 
their  advantage  commercially.  They 
have  learned  that  in  trading  in  vari- 
ous commodities  they  can  shorten  dis- 
tances of  shipping.  They  require  high 
grade  goods  and  cut  various  little 
corners  of  bartering  without  suffering 
any  disadvantage  to  offset  their  gains. 

There  is  another  incentive  for  buy- 
ers to  come  to  Los  Angeles,  which, 
while  not  strictly  commercial,  may  well 
be  given  consideration.  That  is  the 
charm  of  the  city.  Tourists  for  years 
have  flocked  by  thousands  to  South- 
ern California,  and  its  appeal  is  pe- 
culiarly powerful  to  residents  of  Latin- 
American  countries  and  the  Orient, 
who  are  accustomed  to  climatic  con- 
ditions more  nearly  resembling  those 
of  Los  Angeles  than  they  may  find  in 
any  of  the  other  ports  of  the  country. 

There  is  a  fascination  in  the  history 
of  Los  Angeles  for  all  Spanish  speak- 
ing people,  as  California's  first  set- 
tlers were  the  Spanish  padres,  who 
blazed  the  state's  first  trail  from  San 
Diego  to  the  Oregon  line,  establishing 
a  chain  of  missions  the  entire  distance. 
Although  all  of  them  are  more  than 
a  century  old,  many  of  those  missions 
are  still  used  as  places  of  worship. 

Climatic  conditions  are  favorable  to 
semi-tropical  verdure,  so  that  resi- 
dents of  many  of  the  Latin-American 
countries  find  themselves  amidst  con- 
ditions that,  though  foreign  to  them, 
are  nearly  like  what  they  have  been 
accustomed  to. 

Summing  up,  it  may  be  said  that  the 
buyer  visiting  Los  Angeles  will  find  all 
advantages  that  he  may  enjoy  in  other 
coast  cities  and  many  that  are  distinc- 
tive of  Los  Angeles. 


August    19  19 


THE  PORT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

Offers  the  Best  Port  Facilities  and  the  Lowest  Port  Charges  of  Any 
Port  on  the  Pacific  Coast — Possibly  in  America — Both  to 

SHIPPERS  AND  STEAMSHIP  COMPANIES 

NO  RENT  whatever  is  charged  to  steamships  for  preferential  berth  assignments  at  Los 
Angeles  Municipal  Piers.  Only  a  dockage  charge  is  made  against  the  ship,  and  this  is  very  low, 
— $15.00  a  day  for  a  ship  of  2,100  net  tons,  and  one-half  cent  per  net  ton  above  that  figure. 
Thus  a  ship  of  3,000  net  tons,  five  days  at  the  wharf,  would  pay  a  total  of  $97.50 — and  this 
would  be  the  only  charge  against  the  ship.      It  would  pay  no  rent  whatever. 

THE  CARGO  pays  a  wharfage  charge  varying  from  2  Yl  cents  to  1 0  cents  a  ton,  de- 
pending upon  the  commodity,  BUT  THIS  INCLUDES  THIRTY  DAYS  FREE  STORAGE  ON 
FOREIGN  EXPORTS.  In  other  words,  a  ship  has  30  days  time  to  accumulate  a  foreign 
cargo,  without  storage  charges.  The  cargo  pays  wharfage  at  rates  varying  from  2  Yl  to  '  0 
cents  a  ton,  and  the  ship  pays  a  small  dockage  only  for  the  time  it  is  actually  at  the  wharf. 


PORT  FACILITIES 


There  are  no  finer  wharves  and  wharf  sheds  in  America  than  the  municipal  harbor  facili- 
ties provided  by  the  City  of  Los  Angeles.  There  is  no  bar  to  cross  at  the  harbor  entrance — 
the  water  is  48  feet  deep  at  low  tide  at  the  entrance — and  the  depth  at  the  piers  varies  from  29 
to  35   feet  at  low  tide. 

The  local  business  of  the  Port  is  growing  very  rapidly,  as  Los  Angeles,  with  a  popula- 
tion of  650,000 — the  largest  city  on  the  Pacific  Coast — is  going  after  water  commerce.  Los 
Angeles  also  is  the  logical  port  for  the  transshipment  of  transcontinental  cargoes. 

The  City  of  Los  Angeles  also  is  prepared  to  lease  lands  for  industries  which  need 
waterfront  locations. 

For  further  particulars  address 


THE  BOARD  OF  HARBOR  COMMISSIONERS 

SUITE  33,  CITY  HALL,  LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 


158 


Pan  Pacific 


Seeing  the  Time  in  the  Dark 

American  Watches  Now  Made  at  Low  Price  With  Luminous  Figures  Offer  New 

Opportunity  in  Export  Trade 


By  0.  E.  MACK 

THE  evolution  of  watch  construc- 
tion and  of  the  methods  of  the 
distribution  of  watches  through  the 
channels  of  trade,  required  between 
three  and  four  hundred  years  to  reach 
their  present  stage  of  development. 
In  the  United  States,  this  development 
has  resulted  in  making  the  watch  an 
article  in  almost  universal  use  for  the 
purpose  of  aiding  the  owner  to  lessen 
his  waste  of  time,  and  thus  to  increase 
his  power  to  accomplish  results. 

This  benefit  is  now  not  confined  to 
a  few  as  was  formerly  the  case.  Every- 
one has  profited  by  this  result, 
whether  he  could  pay  much  for  a 
watch,  or  little,  because  in  the  United 
States,  watches  which  are  good  time- 
keepers are  made  and  sold  at  prices 
low  enough  so  that  everyone  is  able 
to  have  them. 

Such  a  good  record  have  these 
watches  made  that  men  who  are  amply 
able  to  afford  an  expensive  timepiece, 
buy  them,  because  they  keep  good 
time  even  under  conditions  which 
would  be  impossible  for  a  watch  with 
delicate  adjustments.  In  addition  to 
low  price,  which  has  put  a  watch  in 
virtually  every  family  in  the  United 
States,  watches  have  been  designed  to 
fit  the  requirements  of  every  member 
of  the  family,  in  all  situations  in  which 
it  is  convenient  to  know  the  time. 

Useless       In      the       Dark 
For  Three  Hundred  Years 

But  in  all  these  three  hundred  years 
and  more,  with  few  exceptions,  the 
watch  has  been  useless  in  the  dark. 
No  way  had  been  devised  by  which  its 
service  could  be  made  continuous,  re- 
gardless of  light. 

It  is  true  that  repeaters  were  made 
which  would  strike  the  hour  over 
again  whenever  desired,  and  perhaps, 
the  quarters  in  addition.  "Watches 
were  also  made  with  dial  figures  in 
relief  and  a  hand  or  hands,  by  which 
the  time  could  be  approximately 
learned  through  the  sense  of  touch. 
Such  watches  were  costly,  however, 
sometimes  being  sold  for  several  hun- 
dred dollars  above  the  price  without 
such  features. 

People  at  large  were  not  benefited 
by  them,  because  few  were  willing  to 
pay,  or  could  pay,  the  prices  asked. 
Consequently,  almost  everyone  de- 
pended upon  having  a  match,  or  upon 
obtaining  light  in  some  other  way. 
Thus  during  a  large  part  of  the  twen- 
ty-four hours,  the  watch  was  of  no 
use. 


Within  the  last  few  years — practi- 
cally since  the  Great  War — this  has 
been  changed.  How  has  it  come 
about?  To  answer  this  question,  it 
will  be  necessary  to  briefly  review  the 
conditions  from  which  the  solution 
was  evolved. 

Light  In  Darkness 
Solution  Long  Sought 
The  property  of  phosphorescence,  or 
of  emitting  light  in  the  darkness,  had 
long  been  known ;  and  phosphorus  had 
been  generally  familiar,  at  least  by 
name,  ever  since  the  introduction  of 
lucifer  matches.  Thus  the  idea  that 
objects    might    give    out    light   in    the 


It  was  not  satisfactory  for  the  dial 
of  a  watch,  because  the  uncertain  glow 
was  not  sufficient  at  any  time  to  make 
the  dial  easily  read,  and  even  this  dim 
light  would  continue  for  only  a  small 
portion  of  the  lifetime  of  a  watch. 

A  small  degree  of  progress  was 
made  when  it  became  known  that  some 
substances  such  as  certain  compounds 
of  strontium  or  of  zinc,  had  the  prop- 
erty of  emitting  light  for  some  time 
after  exposure  to  bright  sunlight.  This 
light  would  not  last  throughout  the 
night,  however,  and  it  was  not  always 
convenient  or  possible  to  expose  the 
watch  dial  to  sunlight  so  as  to  store 


NEW    ENGLAND   WATCH    FACTORY— MAN  AG  ER'S   OFFICE 


darkness,  and  so  be  visible,  was  not 
new,  but  no  one  knew  how  to  obtain 
this  property  at  will. 

Phosphorus  is  consumed  after  a  time 
by  slow  oxidation  and  disappears. 
Moreover,  it  has  a  disagreeable  odor 
and  is  poisonous.  This  renders  it  un- 
suitable for  use  on  a  watch  dial.  A 
beginning  was  made  not  many  years 
ago  in  rendering  surfaces  luminous, 
by  what  was  called  phosphorus  paint. 
This  emitted  a  faint  glow,  which  con- 
tinued for  a  more  or  less  limited  time, 
and  finally  disappeared.  The  use  of 
this  paint  was  confined  to  such  pur- 
poses as  rendering  visible  the  sharp 
edges  of  furniture,  or  the  outer  edges 
of  doors,  or  of  sharp  corners  which 
must  sometimes  be  passed  in  the  dark- 
ness. 


up  the  light  necessary  to  render  it 
luminous  later  in  the  darkness. 
Radium  Experiments 
Helped  In  Solution 
The  last  stage  before  final  success 
was  entered,  was  when  in  1898,  the 
Curies  discovered  radium.  During  the 
next  fifteen  years,  various  substances 
became  known  which  contained  ra- 
dium as  a  constituent  element.  Finally, 
it  occurred  to  some  one  that  if  a  small 
quantity  of  some  substance  containing 
a  radium  element  were  combined  with 
zinc  sulphide,  the  property  of  the  sul- 
phide in  holding  light  within  its  struc- 
ture could  be  made  permanent  by  the 
luminous  property  of  the  radium  ele- 
ment. This  combination  seemed  to  be 
a  move  in  the  right  direction,  but  was 
not  all  that  was  desired,  because  the 


August    19  19 


-;:■  "■I'll 


NEW    ENGLAND    FACTORY    OF    ROBT.    H.    INGERSOLL    &    BRO. 


light  given  out  was  not  very  distinct, 
nor  could  it  be  always  depended  upon 
to  be  permanent. 

An  attempt  was  made  to  illuminate 
watch  dials  by  placing  a  tiny  drop  of 
the  luminous  compound  at  the  top  of 
each  number  on  the  dial.  This  made 
it  possible  to  determine  what  the  num- 
ber was ;  and  when  the  tips  of  the 
hands  were  also  lighted  up  in  the  same 
way,  the  time  could  be  read.  The 
principle  of  illuminating  watch  dials 
was  then  fixed  and  the  direction  de- 
termined in  which  to  look  for  improve- 
ment. 

The  price  charged  by  San  Francisco 
watchmakers  for  rendering  watch  dials 
luminous  with  this  compound  •  was 
from  $2.00  to  $3.50.  This  was  an  im- 
provement over  the  old  prices  for  re- 
peaters, but  it  was  more  than  later 
charged  for  a  superior  article  with 
the  watch   included. 

Another  step  in  advance  was  made 

by  outlining  the  figures  on  the  watch 

dial  with  the  luminous  material.  This 

made  it  easier  to  read  the  time. 

Influence    of    the    War 

Factor  In  Improvement 

When  the  war  broke  out  in  1914, 
both  the  dials  with  the  luminous  points 
and  those  with  the  luminous  figures 
were  used.  The  points  were  preferred 
at  first,  because  the  luminous  figures 
gave  out  a  glow  that  could  be  seen 
by  the  enemy,  and  might  bring  a 
patrol  into  "No-man's-land,"  or  a  raid 
to  a  premature  end.  Later,  however, 
devices  were  made  for  covering  the 
dials  when  necessary. 

Even  though  the  luminous  material 
was  not  as  bright  as  could  be  desired 
and  sometimes  lost  its  property,  many 
thousands  of  radiolite  watches  were 
used  in  the  trenches  in  France  and 
elsewhere.  Meanwhile  the  improve- 
ment of  the  luminous  material  was 
being  studied  in  the  United  States.  It 
was  found  that  crystalline  zinc  sulph- 
:  ide  formed  the  best  basis  for  the  com- 
pound. 

The  chief  problem  was  to  render 
this  sulphide  chemically  pure.  This 
was  not  an  easy  matter,  for  even  sq 
small  a  proportion  of  chemical  impur- 
ity as  one  one-hundred-and-fifty-thou- 


sandth  had  a  perceptible  clouding  ef- 
fect. Attention  was  also  given  to  find- 
ing the  best  radium  element.  This  was 
found  to  be  radium  barium  chloride. 
This  is  not  radium  itself,  but  a  com- 
pound containing  radium.  It  forms 
one  of  the  stages  in  the  production  of 
radium. 

It  is  not  cheap,  for  250  tons  of  car- 
notite  ore  are  necessary  to  produce  2 
grams  of  the  radium  barium  chloride, 
or  about  30  grains  of  avoirdupois 
weight,  or  a  little  more  than  one  250th 
of  a  pound.  One  20,000th  part  of  this 
quantity  is  used  in  the  luminous  ma- 
terial which  appears  on  the  dial  of  a 
Radiolite  watch. 

First  Offered  to  Trade 

Only  Three  Years  Ago 

The    present    Radiolite    watch    was 

first  offered  to  the  trade  in  the  United 

States   in   1916.     It   had   been   delayed 

until   the  luminous  material  had   been 

perfected  and  its  exclusive  control  had 

.  been  secured,   so   that    purchasers    of 

Radiolite  watches  might  know  that  no 

better  illuminated   dial  could  be  had. 


159 

The  strength  of  the  new  material  was 
a  little  less  than  double  that  of  the 
material  which  had  previously  been 
employed  in  the  watches  supplied  to 
the  armies  in  England  and  France. 
Tested  by  the  United  States  Bureau 
of  Standards,  it  has  been  graded  as  the 
best  of  the  compounds  submitted. 

No  one  can  say  that  there  will  be 
nothing  superior  to  this  luminous  ma- 
terial produced,  but  there  is  little  left 
to  be  desired.  Not  only  is  the  bril- 
liance of  the  material  all  that  is 
needed,  but  there  is  no  known  limit 
to  the  time  that  it  continues  to  give 
off  light.  That  there  may  be  no  doubt 
about  it  in  the  mind  of  the  purchaser 
of  a  Radiolite  watch,  the  efficiency  of 
the  luminous  material  is  guaranteed 
for  the  lifetime  of  the  watch. 

When  it  was  realized  for  the  first 
time  that  it  was  possible  for  $3.00  to 
$6.00  to  buy  a  watch  that  would  tell 
the  time  in  the  dark,  the  demand 
quickly  attained  such  large  propor- 
tions that  the  manufacturers  were  un- 
able to  supply  it.  To  begin  with, 
there  were  hundreds  of  thousands  sup- 
plied to  men  in  the  armies.  Every 
soldier  wanted  one.  Every  one  wanted 
one,  if  not  to  aid  him  in  his  work, 
then  as  a  matter  of  curiosity — doctors 
and  nurses,  automobilists  and  farmers, 
miners  and  watchmen,  the  policeman 
upon  a  dark  beat  or  the  man  who 
woke  up  in  the  night  and  wanted  to 
know  what  time  it  was. 

During  the  war,  large  bodies  of  all 
classes  of  workers  were  working  con- 
tinuously and  frequently  needed  to 
know  the  time  in  the  dark.  As  in  the 
case  of  many  other  things,  the  pres- 
sure of  necessity  working  with  oppor- 
tune developments,  resulted  in  supply- 
ing the  need. 


NEW    ENGLAND    WATCH    FACTORY— AUTOMATIC    MACHINE    DEPT. 


160 


Pan   Pacific 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS  ! 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 


ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 


AEROTHRUST  ENGINE  COMPANY,  La 
Porte,  Indiana.  Manufacturers  and  exporters 
of  the  Aerothrust  Engine  for  pumping  machin- 
ery, lighting  plants,  agricultural  implements, 
pumping  jacks.  Outboard  Motors,  etc.  Corre- 
spondence solicited  in  all  languages.  All  codes. 
Foreign  orders  our  specialty. 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,'  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lleber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St..  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lleber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 


THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX.55   Defiance,   Ohio. 


AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London.  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lleber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 


THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 


ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable   address    "ARNOTT." 


J.  ARON  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall  St.,  New 
York  City.  Branches  at  San  Francisco,  New 
Orleans,  Chicago,  London,  England  and  Santos, 
Brazil.  General  exporters  and  importers.  Cor- 
respondence solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable 
address    "ARONCO." 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters 2"d  exporters.  Import  china  ware, 
crockery,  ^namel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMICO." 


CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 


EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 


THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address    "BEAVER." 


F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 


BRADY  &  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith  Building, 
Seattle,  Washington.  Shipping  and  Commis- 
sion. Importers  and  Exporters  salmon,  oils, 
steel,   lumber,   fertilizer.     Established   1892. 


BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.     All   languages. 


CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 


CONNELL  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  L.  C. 
SMITH  Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  General 
importers  and  exporters.  Offices  at  Shang- 
hai, Manila,  Hong  Kong  and  Singapore.  Corre- 
spondence in  all  languages.  Cable  address 
"CONNELL." 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf,  skins, 
glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery  leather,  etc. 
Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 


DILL-CROSETT,  Inc.,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Exporters  of  steel  products,  acids,  rosin, 
chemicals,  dye  stuff,  phenol,  etc.  Importers  of 
fish  oil,  hides,  coffee,  coconut  oil,  beans,  copra, 
castor  oil,  tallow,  silks,  etc.  Branch  offices: 
New  York,  Kobe,  Japan  and  Sydney,  Australia. 
All  languages  and  codes  used. 


L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
Jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 


August    19  19 


161 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


JAMES  P.  DWAN,  American  Nat.  Bank  Bldg., 
San  Francisco,  Cat.  Exporters  and  Importer. 
General  purchasing  agent  for  foreign  buyers. 
Building  materials,  machinery,  ores,  metals,  oils. 
Foreign  office,  Missions  BuUding,  The  Bund, 
Canton,   China.     Cable  address  DWAN. 

GENERAL.  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Sansome  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron.,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 


B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  Immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 


INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE      COMPANY,      413-415 
Montgomery     St.,     San     Francisco,     California. 
!  Printers,   stationers,   bookbinders,   art  and  color 
[  work.     Catalog    and    booklet    printing.      Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.     Office  equipment 
[  and   supplies.     Loose   leaf  systems.     Export   or- 
|  ders   a   specialtq.       Correspondence   in   all   lan- 
guages. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO."    . 


MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

JOOST  BROTHERS,  Inc.,  1053  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco.  California.  Foreign  orders  promptly 
and  carefully  executed.  General  hardware, 
household  goods,  tools,  sporting  goods,  paints, 
oils,  varnishes.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
Catalogs  on  request. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leather 
for  export  a  specialty.'  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 


LANSING  COMPANY;  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Manufacturers  of  electrical  trucks,  trail- 
ers, concrete  machinery,  gas  engines,  hoists, 
hand  carts,  wheels,  casters,  etc.  Export  trade 
a  specialty.     Cable  address   "QUOLANSING." 


LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 


MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  and  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress, "VINMAR." 


MILL  &  MINE  SUPPLY  COMPANY,  Seattle, 
Washington.  Iron,  bolts,  chain,  axes,  belting, 
logging  tools,  steel,  nuts,  waste,  saws,  pulleys. 
Cable  address  "MILESMINE."  Export  orders 
solicited. 


MORELAND  MOTORLAND  TRUCK  COM- 
PANY, 1701  North  Main  Street,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Manufacturers  of  motor  trucks  of  vari- 
ous sizes,  which  will  burn  either  distillate  or 
gasoline,  making  possible  a  saving  of  50%  in 
fuel. 


R.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY,  717  Market  Street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  In  San  Francisco. 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 


OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY.  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila.  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso. Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 


PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY.  67  New  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California.  Exporters  of  bath-tubs,  toil- 
ets, lavatories,  sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing 
fixtures,  etc.  Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of 
export  orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 


VICTOR  PATRON,  112  Market  St..  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan,  Mexico. 
Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and  export 
representative.  Prices  and  catalogues  furnished 
on  application. 


C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY.  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct'  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,'  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley'ff;  WV  U.     ••  ' 


PURNELL  &  PAGETT,  Canton,  China.  Ar- 
chitects and  civil  engineers.  Investigations,  in- 
spections and  valuations.  Bridges,  steel  con- 
struction, wharves  and  dooks.  Cable  address 
PANEL.     W.  U.  Code  and  A.  B.  C.  ^_ 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export:  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Shoes,  rubbers,  tennis 
and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds;  all  styles.  Bentley 
Code  used. 


ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 


ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 


PAUL  R.  RUBEN.  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Importers,  exporters,  manu- 
facturers' agents,  purchasing  agents.  All  codes. 
Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 


SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 


SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 


SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shipcomco." 
All  codes  used. 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.'  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address   CHENRYINC. 


HERBERT  T.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnois. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — Iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  '  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 


THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON,  316  First  St., 
So.  Seattle,  Wash.  Electrical  and  mining  ma- 
chinery. Specialists  on  rewinding  machinery  of 
all   kinds.     Installers  of  complete  plants. 


WILLIAMS -MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California:  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 

.-•  ~J  77*17 

WORLEY-MARTIN  COMPANY;  '617  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Wool, 
hides,  tallow,  oils  and  Oriental '  products.  Hard- 
ware and  steel  products,  drugs  and  specialties. 
Represented  in  China  and  Japan.  Desires  lines 
to  introduce.     Cable  address  "WORLEY." 


ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and  samples 
of  paper  for  export.  Represented  at  Yokohama 
and  Shanghai.  Cable  address^  "ZELLERBACH." 
All  codes. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein.  .  .  -.'  . 


162 


Pan  Pacific 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 
BATH-TUBS 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing  Company. 
BLANKETS,  QUILTS,  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS,   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 
BOOTS 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND  COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

James  P.   Dwan 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CANNED  GOODS 

C   M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS,  CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES,   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Interstate  Pattern  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 

B.  F.   Heastand. 

Associated  Mfgs.  Importing  Co. 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
CONCRETE  MACHINERY 

Lansing  Company. 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mrgs.  Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 
DRESS  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ELECTRIC    TRUCKS 

Lansing   Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 
FERTILIZERS 

Brady  &  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Knerrv  Flour  Co. 
FOOD  PRODUCTS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.   Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

Chas.  A.  Bacon. 


F.  Griffin  &  Company. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Brady  &   Company. 
GAS  ENGINES 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Company. 

Lansing  Company. 

Arnott  &  Company. 

Aerothrust   Engine  Company. 
GLASSWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 
GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 
HARDWARE 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
HOSIER'S 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
HOUSEHOLD  GOODS 

Joost  Brothers,  Ins. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 

James  P.  Dwan. 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,   Salz  &  Company. 

A.  J.  &  J.  R.  Cook. 
LIGHTING  PLANTS 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seatle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,   Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &   MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Connell  Brothers  Company. 

J.  Aron  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.   Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
OILS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

James  P.  Dwan. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

Brady  &  Co. 
ORIENTAL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
OUTBOARD  MOTORS 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
PAINTS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Zellerbach  Paper  Company. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &   MATERIALS 
The  Ansco  Company. 

PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 

PUMPING  ENGINES 

Aerothrust  Engine  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
RAW  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

A.  O.  Andersen  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
RICE 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
ROOFING 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

D.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann  Company. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
SPORTING  GOODS. 

Joost   Brothers,   Inc. 
SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.   Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL  AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American   Pulley  Company. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TALLOW 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
TANKS,  WATER.  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman.  Salz  &  Company. 
TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
TEXTILE   MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 


August    19  19 


163 


Preparing  for  Foreign  Trade 


(Continued  from  page  155) 


competitive  foods  and  raiment  were 
LEGALLY  withheld  from  cultivation 
so  as  to  subject  the  people  and  per- 
petuate the  fiction  of  monarchial 
power. 

Such  powers  have  always  CON- 
I'lXKD  the  activities  of  the  people  to 
LESS  THAN  ONE-THIRD  OP  THEIR 
NATION'S  SOIL.  The  balance  was 
kept  in  PUBLIC  OWNERSHIP  so  as 
to  sustain  the  suppliant  institution  of 
poverty  that  made  all  men  DEPEN- 
DENT on  the  bounty  of  some  auto- 
cratic power — whether  that  be  some 
fake  democracy  or  aDsolutism  but 
thinly  screened  from  universal  execra- 
tion. Whenever  the  race  attempted  to 
EXPAND  upon  these  competing  and 
uncultivated  lands  and  thereby  threat- 
en the  STAPLES  OP  MONOPOLY  and 
the  puppet  institution  which  sustained 
it,  WARS  OP  AGGRESSION  were  in- 
augurated to  subdue  the  natural  as- 
pirations of  our  hungry  and  subju- 
gated race. 

Thus  we  see  more  than  half  the  hu- 
man race  WITHOUT  RAILWAYS  to 
develop  NEW  WEALTH,  from  73% 
to  95%  of  the  tillable  earth  WITH- 
HELD from  private  ownership  and 
the  competitive  energies  of  all  man- 
kind CONFINED  within  a  FRACTION 
of  the  river  basins  of  the  earth !  This 
is  the  basis  upon  which  the  superstruc- 
ture of  commercial  diplomacy  is 
erected;  and  it  is  the  charnel  house 
from  which  has  flowed  the  propaganda 
against  distributive  happiness  and 
wealth  and  the  assertion  of  democracy 
and  co-operation  among  institutions 
of  civilized  society. 

That's  why  the  Orient  has  lain  dor- 
mant— why  it  walled  itself  off  from  its 
belligerent  neighbors,  why  Japan 
closed  its  doors  to  western  "civiliza- 
tion" after  witnessing  the  slaughter 
of  Christians  by  Christians  within  its 
borders  among  Dutch  and  Portuguese, 
some  centuries  ago. 

The  European  conflagration  that 
witnessed  the  last  expiring  gasp  of 
these  monopolistic  tendencies  was  not 
content  to  confine  its  purposes  within 
its  natural  borders.     It  diplomatically 


and  otherwise  spread  its  serpentine 
tentacles  across  the  Orient  and  cast  a 
blight  on  everything  beneath  its  with- 
ering shadow. 

China  was  inflamed  and  brigandage 
and  robbery  and  plunder  and  indus- 
trial delirium  burst  into  riotous  and 
demoralizing  activity  from  Hankow 
to  the  plains  of  Tibet.  In  the  interest 
of  a  commercial  policy  the  strategy  of 
Europe  suggested  the  strangling  of 
the  sources  of  supply  wherever  un- 
controlled, and  thus  revealed,  through 
military  necessity,  the  skeleton  diplom- 
acy that  has  always  made  the  civiliza- 
tion of  Europe  a  transparent  patch- 
work of  hypocrisy  and  lies. 

Where  brigandage  failed  to  aid  its 
European  military  sponsor,  open  and 
direct  PRESSURE  was  exerted  and 
thus  the  border  trade  between  Man- 
churia and  Siberia  was  paralyzed  by 
embargoes  and  the  civil  wars  that  fol- 
lowed like  those  which  were  similarly 
fomented  in  Siberia,  laid  waste  the 
largest  and  fairest  provinces  of  China. 
Nevertheless,  the  VALUE  of  the  for- 
eign trade  of  China,  during  this  period 
of  aberration,  was  the  greatest  on  rec- 
ord, being  more  than  ONE  BILLION 
Haikwan  taels  and"  an  increase  of  Hai- 
kwan  taels  28,325,709  over  that  for 
1917. 

It  does  not  appear  that  EUROPE 
was  bothered  with  the  fluctuations  of 
EXCHANGE  when  it  became  pre- 
pared for  the  congested  cargo  artifi- 
cially created  by  itself.  Only  in  the 
United  States  is  EXCHANGE  used  as 
a  scarecrow  to  frighten  traders  away 
from  fruitful  fields.  Like  children 
Americans  alone  believe  in  diplomatic 
ghosts ! 

There  is  hope,  however,  ahead  for 
the  entire  world  if  the  League  of  Na- 
tions and  the  Peace  of  Versailles  au- 
thorizes our  Government  to  support 
the  commercial  policies  of  American 
investors.  The  government  will  doubt- 
less do  this  in  time,  but  no  responsible 
government  will  support  the  foreign 
commercial  policy  of  a  people  who 
hesitate  to  prepare.  We  have  BIL- 
LIONS   due    us    from    foreign    lands. 


They  cannot  pay  us  in  gold;  and  if 
THEY  could  we  could  not  afford  to 
take  it  that  way.  Nor  can  we  con- 
veniently accept  the  payment  in  goods. 
To  adjust  the  unbalanced  conditions 
we  must  become  PERMANENT  IN- 
VESTORS in  the  securities  now  held 
by  our  debtors. 

We  must  establish  the  program  of 
the  International  High  Commission  in 
the  Orient  as  well  as  in  Latin  Amer- 
ica. We  must  encourage  the  trust  of 
American  business  in  the  solvency  of 
the  world  and  the  purpose  of  the 
government  to  sustain  that  trust 
throughout  the  earth.  This  will  dis- 
place our  commercial  hesitancy  and 
financial  timidity  by  the  inspirational 
securities  which  flow  from  technical 
preparation  strengthened  and  sus- 
tained by  congressional  approval  and 
national   guarantees. 


U.S.  Aids  Far 
East  Trade 

(Continued  from  page  146) 


than  under  the  old  system  of  simply 
furnishing  trade  lists  to  each,  a  great 
many  of  the  names  on  which  were  pos- 
sibly already  represented  or  were  rep- 
resenting similar  lines  of  goods. 

Our  trade  with  the  Far  East  has  al- 
ready reached  considerable  propor- 
tions, but  our  share  of  the  total  trade 
of  all  Far  Eastern  countries  is  still 
comparatively  small.  Of  the  total 
trade  of  the  Far  East  probably  not 
more  than  twenty-three  per  cent  is 
with  the  United  States,  as  is  shown 
by  the  following  tables: 

Statistics  of   Far   Eastern   Trade,   1917 

IMPORTS 

Country               From  United  States  Total 

Japan  $179,853,926  $517,905,553 

China   62,789,600  566,004,337 

Philippines     37,620,647  65,797,030 

Straits    Settlements           8,377,894  295,668,971 

India  35,496,818  519,163,717 

Australia  75,467,581  370,478,380 


Grand  total  imports     $399,606,466  $2,335,010,988 

EXPORTS 

Country  To  United  States        Total 

Japan    $239,268,423  $801,502,524 

China   97.029,815  476,819,578 

Philippines  63,234,358  95,604,307 

Straits    Settlements         93,220,129  275,435,355 

India  100,881,124  789,472,735 

Australia    32,965,540  476,062,633 


Grand  total  exports     $626,599,389         $2,914,897,132 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED— Continued 

VARNISH 

Beaver  Board   Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed   Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 

Braunen  Vulcanizing  Machinery  Co. 
WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL,  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board   Companies. 
WHEELS.   CASTERS,   Etc. 

Lansing  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
WOOL 

Worley-Martin  Company. 


NAGOTA,  JAPAN — Manufacturer  of  violins  and 
accessories  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  dealers 
in  United  States.  Address  Box  655  Pan  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Firm  of  importers  and  expor- 
ters in  Osaka  would  like  to  get  in  touch  with 
exporters  of  tool  steel,  hardware  and  etc.  Ad- 
dress Box  656  Pan  Pacific. 

TOKIO,  JAPAN— Firm  desires  to  get  in  touch 
with  exporters  of  corn  starch,  dried  apricots, 
raisins,  mustard  and  importers  of  beans,  pea- 
nuts, peanut  oil,  potato  starch,  sweet  starch, 
salt  codfish,  etc.  Address  Box  657  Pan  Pacific. 

PARIS,  FRANCE— Party  would  like  to  com- 
municate with  exporters  of  California  canned 
meats,  chemicals  or  grains,  with  a  view  to 
representing  them  in  France.  Address  Box  658 
Pan  Pacific 

PASADENA,  CALIF.— Party  desires  to  com- 
municate with  exporters  in  this  city  in  a  posi- 
tion to  place  aniline  dyes  before  the  Far  East- 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


ern  trade.     Address  Box  659  Pan  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  communi- 
cate with  exporters  of  tin-plate,  corrugated 
iron  plate,  lead,  etc.  Address  Box  660  Pan 
Pacific. 

MADRAS,  INDIA — Managing  agents  for  two 
mining  companies  handling  chrome,  manga- 
nese and  pyrolusite  ores,  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  interested  merchants.  Details  and 
samples  on  file  in  San  Francisco.  Address 
Box  661  Pan  Pacific. 

SAO  PAULO,  BRAZIL— A  French  firm  recently 
established  at  Sao  Paulo  desires  to  communi- 
cate with  importers  and  exporters  interested 
in  Brazilian  trade.  Address  Box  664  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

SANTIAGO,  DOMINICAN  REPUBLIC  —  Firm 
desires  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  of  Slam 
and  Rangoon  rice.  Address  Box  673  Pan  Pa- 
cific. (Continued  on  page  165) 


164 


Pan   Pacific 


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Clyde  Equipment 
Company 


I   PORTLAND 


SEATTLE 


Machinery  and  Supply 
Merchants 


542   First   Avenue   South 


Seattle,  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 

s     '  I 

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Cable  address 

Llewellyn 
Los  Angeles 


V 


LOS  ANGELES.CAL. 

IRON  WORKS 


LOS    ANGELES    CAL. 


ft 

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to 


TANKS 

MARINE  ENGINES 

MARINE  BOILERS 


C/3 

H 

1/5 

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ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

INGOTS,  BILLETS,  BARS,  SHAPES 

STRUCTURAL  STEEL  FABRICATORS 


Brown  Three  Cavity,  Sectional  Steam  Vulcanizers 

The  Brown  Line  of  Vulcanizing  Machinery  is  the  very 

last  word  in  design  and  construction. 
Catalogue  A-P  contains  full  description  of  the  complete 

line  together  with  full  shipping  dimensions  for  both 

domestic  and  foreign  requirements. 

Wholesale  Only 

Jesse  F.  Brown  Manufacturing  Company 

Los  Angeles,  V.  S.  A. 
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IMMEDIATE    DELIVERY 
FROM    STOCK 

miimiimiimnmi 

Iron  Steel 

Bolts  Nuts 

Chain  Waste  ! 

3 

Blacksmith  Coal 
Wire  Rope 
Logging  Tools 
Axes  Saws 

Belting  Pulleys     | 

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MillandMineSupplyCo.  \ 


I   Cable  Address  "Mtllmine" 


Seattle,  Wash. 


niiiiuiiiiiimiiiiiiiiii mi  i  in  i  ill  ■  1 1  ill  i  ill  i  ill  i  mi  m  1 1 1  ill  i  in  mi  1 1  n  i  ii  1 1 1 1  in  i  nit  ii  1 1 1 1  ii  1 1  ii  1 1  ti  i  in  1 1  ii  ■  1 1  ii  1 1 1  j  ]  i  ii  1 1 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin"         mini iiiii iiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiinii iiiiiiiiiiini mil i iiiiijiiiiiiiiitiimiiiimimnimiiimiiiiuiiiiira 


A ugust    19  19 


165 


SAN  JUAN,  PORTO  RICO— Firm  is  desirous  of 
securing  the  representation  for  Porto  Rico  of 
a  California  firm  desiring  to  export  to  this 
market,  rice,  beans,  peas,  canned  goods,  pork 
and  beef  products  as  well  as  other  food  prod- 
ucts.    Address   Box   662   Pan   Pacific. 

KOBE,  JAPAN — Japanese  importers  and  expor- 
ters have  recently  opened  a  new  department 
for  ship's  business  with  purpose  of  buying, 
selling,  chartering  steamers  between  Japan 
and  other  countries  and  would  like  to  com- 
municate with  interested  merchants.  Address 
Box  663  Pan  Pacific. 

SYDNEY,  AUSTRALIA— Established  firm  in 
Sydney  desires  to  communicate  with  manufac- 
turers and  exporters.  Especially  interested  in 
silks,  cotton  and  hardware.  Would  like  cata-- 
logues,  samples  and  C.  I.  F.  Sydney  prices. 
Address  Box  665  Pan  Pacific. 

SLATINA,  ROUMANIA— Firm  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  manufacturers  and  exporters  who 
might  wish  to  enter  into  commercial  relations 
with  that  country.  Address  Box  666  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

ANTWERP,  BELGIUM— Firm  would  like  to 
represent  in  Belgium,  exporters  of  coffee, 
cocoa,  cereals,  seeds,  oil  cakes,  food  products, 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 

dried  and  fresh  fruits,  preserves,  hides,  rub- 
ber, ivory,  wax,  tobacco.  Address  Box  667 
Pan  Pacific. 

SOFIA,  BULGARIA— Import  and  export  firm 
wishes  to  communicate  with  merchants  and 
manufacturers  desiring  to  extend  their  busi- 
ness to  Bulgaria.  Address  Box  668  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— San  Francisco  firm 
representing  Oriental  connections,  handling 
hog  and  sheep  casings,  also  pongee  silks,  de- 
sire correspondence  with  interested  firms. 
Address  Box  669  Pan  Pacific. 

BUENOS  AIRES,  ARGENTINA— Company  re- 
cently organized  with  the  object  of  importing 
the  American  manufactures  and  exporting  the 
products  of  the  Argentine,  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  the  American  houses  who  desire 
their  goods  to  be  introduced  to  the  South 
American  market.  Address  Box  670  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

CUBA  COLOMBIA,  and  CHILE— American  ex- 
port company  having  established  offices  ih 
Cuba  and  Colombia  are  about  to  establish  an 
office  in  Chile  and  desire  to  represent  Amer- 
ican manufacturers  in  these  countries.  Ad- 
dress Box  L  682  Pan  Pacific. 


PARIS,  FRANCE — Party  wishes  to  make  con- 
nection with  manufacturers  and  importers  of 
textures  for  garments  for  men  and  women 
with  a  view  to  representing  them  in  France. 
Address  Box  671  Pan  Pacific. 

WANGANUI,  NEW  ZEALAND— Timber  mer- 
chants in  New  Zealand  desire  to  get  in  touch 
with  exporters  of  Oregon  lumber  and  other 
building  materials  in  cargo  lots.  Desire  C.  I. 
F.  quotations.     Address  Box  672  Pan  Pacific. 

ARITA,  SAGA-KEN,  JAPAN— Manufacturers 
of  porcelain,  electrical  accessories  and  chem- 
ical apparatus  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  in- 
terested importers.  Details  on  file  in  San 
Francisco.     Address  Box  674  Pan  Pacific. 

BOLIVIA,  BRAZIL — American  corporations  with 
large  estates  in  Bolivia  and  Braxil  desire  to 
make  cash  purchases  of  dry  goods,  hardware, 
wearing  apparel,  shoes,  machinery,  agricul- 
tural tools,  canned  food  products,  machines 
and  general  merchandise.  Address  Box  L  675 
Pan  Pacific. 

SALTILLO,  COAHUILA,  MEXICO— American 
Consulate  at  Saltillo  desires  catalogues  and 
commercial  communications  from  California 
merchants  interested  in  promoting  trade  with 
his  district.     Address  as  stated. 


gimillimiiiiiiiimimim nun Nllmiimilillimiimmiiillllimilimiiiiiliillimimiimimilimiimimmiimiimiimiimimimimilllif 


MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  ] 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 


120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


MEXICO — Quantities  of  cheap  laundry  soap  wanted  by  Mexican  buyer. 
Terms  cash  or  thirty  days  preferred.     Address  Box  L  676   Pan  Pacific. 

MEXICO — Mexican  exporter  desires  outlet  for  limited  quantity  crude  rub- 
ber.    Address  Box  677  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA — Importing  and  exporting  firm  desires  to  represent  concerns 
desirous  of  furthering  their  interests  in  that  territory.  Address  Box  L 
678  Pan  Pacific. 

ASIA — Los  Angeles  merchant  contemplating  trip  to  Turkey,  Asia,  Turkey 
proper,  Greece,  Italy.  Firms  desiring  commercial  connections  in  these 
territories  communicate  with  Box  L  679  Pan  Pacific. 

AUSTRALIA — Saleswoman  going  to  Australia  desires  to  make  connec- 
tions.    Address  Box   L  680   Pan  Pacific. 

AUSTRALIA — Gentleman  from  Australia  in  this  country  on  business  trip 
desires  to  secure  agency  for  automobiles  and  automobile  accessories  for 
export  to  that  country.     Address  Box  L  681  Pan  Pacific. 

HAWAII  and  EGYPT— Firm  in  this  country  having  agencies  in  Hawaii, 
Egypt  and  Australia  desire  to  secure  the  representation  of  firms  for  the 
sale  of  talcum  powder,  pencils,  cotton  goods,  silk  hosiery  and  paper. 
Address  Box  L  683  Pan  Pacific. 

SIBERIA — The  purchase  of  lead,  pure  arsenic,  footwear  and  dry  goods 
is  desired  by  a  man  in  Siberia.     Address  Box  684  Pan  Pacific. 

DUTCH  ARCHIPELAGO — Dutch  merchantman  desirous  of  representing 
manufacturers  of  laundry  machines,  cutlery,  household  utensils,  textiles 
(underwear,  etc.),  small  tools  (drills,  saws,  etc.).  Speaks  and  writes 
Malay  languages  as  well  as  Dutch,  English,  French.  Address  Box  685 
Pan  Pacific. 

SPANISH  TRANSLATIONS:  Expert  Translator;  legal  documental  or 
any  other  matter;  Spanish  correspondence  a  specialty;  reasonable; 
satisfaction  guaranteed.  Address  ESW  Co.,  Pan  Pacific  Magazine,  618 
Mission  St. 


;mHllimiimiimiimimiimiimiimillllimimiimiimimimilimmillllllimillllimillllimiimimiimimillllimimmilimiimimiimimiMlllijft 

^jrrciiiimii  t  mil  iiirriiirTiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiifEiiiiiiiiriiijiiiiiiiirFiirrjiiiTiiiiTiiiriiiJiiiiji'iiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiifiiifjirrtiiriiiiTiiiTiiirfiiiiJiiriiiiEiiiiiiiiEiiitiiiiiiiijiiuiiii  iiiiiiiiTiiiiiiiitin  tintBiiix=        liiimimiiiiiiiiiiimmiimimiiimiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiimimiimimiiimmiiimimiimiimiiiiiy 


AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-ENGINES -WAGONS  - 


A£no4j; 


r^V 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

and 

All  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT SCO 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  JT0UTHWEST  - 

IIZ-II8  50.LOJAN.CELEJ5T.LOSANGEI.es 


;      MULT1GRAPHING        MIMEOGRAPHING 

|    BRUCKMAN 

TRANSLATING  and 
TYPING     BUREAU 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 

Telephone  Douglas  1316 


aiiiiimiiiiiiiiMiiimiiiiiiiMiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiii imiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii imimimiimimiimiiiiiimimiimiiiiimiimimff.        Siiiiiiimiiimim i miiiiimiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiii V 

iiiiiiiimiiMiiiimiimiimumiiniiiiii miimiiiiiiimimiiiiimiimiiiiiiimimiimiimiimiimiimiiiiimiiimm iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniii minim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii I inn imiiiiiiimiiiii milium mm i miming 

Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co.  I 


CUSTOM  HOUSE  BROKERS 

Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington 


Service  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President 

Ejjjiiimiiuiuiiiimiiiimimiimiiiimimiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiimim iiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimuujuilllllllitl 


U.   S.    BONDED    STORAGE 

Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 
Distributing,  Consolidating 
Branch  Offices  i       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash.      -   | 

"Service  First" 


ijimiiiimmMiiEiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiiiimmiiiimiiiiiiiiiii. 


166 


Pan  Pacific 


^Miiiuiiuiiijminiiiniiiiiiimiimiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniimiiiiiiimiiiiiiim'iim 


Cable  Address:   "ZELLERBACH" 


All  Standard  Codes 


Established  1869 


PRINTING  PAPER 
WRITING  PAPER 
PAPER  BOXES 
PULPS 


Zellerbach  Paper  Company 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  TJ.  S.  A. 
NEW  YORK  CITY,  U.  S.  A. 

has  an  enlarged  Export  Department  and  will  furnish  samples  and  quotations   on: 


WRAPPING  PAPER 

CARDBOARDS 

TWINES 

PAPER  CONTAINERS 


SOLID  FIBRE 
SHIPPING  CASES 
PAPER  TOWELS 
CORRUGATED  PRODUCTS 


ENVELOPES  MANUFACTURED  TO  ORDER 
and  everything  made  of  paper 
WE  OWN  AND  OPERATE  OUR  OWN  MILLS  AND  FACTORIES 
YOUR  CORRESPONDENCE  IS  INVITED 

^miMiimiiuiiiniiiNiiiiiiiNiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiimiiiiHijiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiH 

^>  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  j  1 1  n  ■  1 1  r  ri  1 1 1 1 1  ri  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1  <  1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  i  1 1 1  u  1 1 1 1 1  it  i  r  1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1  n  r  i  ■  1 1 1  ■  i  j  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  i  n  r  1 1 1 1  m  11 1  ■  i  s  r  f  1 1 1 r  1 1 1  >  1 1  n !  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 !  t  1 1 1  t  1 1 1 1  ij^        '^iiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMniiiiiMiiiiiiMiiiMiiiMiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiuiimiiiiMMiMiy 


C.  HENRY  SMITH 

=  i 

1  MAIN  OFFICE: 

|   311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.    I 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND   IMPORT 

All   Codes.     Code  Address:  CHENRYINC 

^~ll  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1  [  J 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 J I M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J II 1 1  f  1 1 1 1 M !  i  [  F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IJ I F 1 1 1 1 1  ■  U 1 1 1 U 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 !  J  r  I M  i  1 1 1 1 1 F 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1^ 


SHOES 

Rubbers      Tennis 

Wholesale 

All  Kinds 
All  Styles 

ROGERS 

SHOE  CO. 

135  BUSH  STREET 

San  Francisco 

119    LINCOLN    ST. 

Boston 

"Bentley  Code  used'* 


^iiMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiMMiiiiiniiiHiiiiiiiiniiiiMiiniiiiniiiiiiiiir. 

'iliililiiiniiiiliiniiillll!lllilllillliillliillililiillliillllliiiiiiiili[iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiniiiiniini;iiiiiiiiiiii[iiiniii|[lilllllllllillliiilllh- 


Parent  Company 
Established  1857 


Resources  Over 

$1,000,000 


The  same  unfailing  quality,  uniformity  of 
selection  and  right  prices  have  made 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 

"Bear  Brand" 

Sole  Leather 

the  stardard  sole   leather  for  those  who 

demand  the  best. 

"Look  for  the  Bear  on  every  side." 

Kuim«,SdIlZ8Co. 


TANNERS 


603  Wells  Fargo  BIdg. 
San  Francisco,  California,  U.  S.  A. 


Associated  Manufacturers 
Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers '  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax„ 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 
All  Codes 
871   Market   Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,   U.   S.    i 


i'llllllllllllllllllllllMlllllllllllllllllllllllllllMlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllinillllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllire 


August    I  9  f  9 

ttmiimiiimiiiuiiiimimiiimimiiimimii'tfTi 


167 

mm mimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM minim mil milium nun imiimimiimii imimiim iimiimiimiiiiimi milium i n i miimiimm minim | 

CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pits.  J.  E.  PETERS,  Vice-Prts.  CEO.  R.  WEEKS,  Secreury 


SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 


The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  <  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "WILMAR"    I 


References : 
Metropolitan   Bank 
Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


iTmiiiniiiiniiNiiiiminiiiiiNiniiimimiiiiiiinii]  iiiii  niii  fiiiiminm 

£itiiniiiiNiimiiiiiitiiiiiimii(iiiiiiiiHiiitiiiiiiiiHiiiiMiiuiiiiiiiiiii:iiiiiiMiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinni iiiuiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiL1         -I'liiiiur i  ink  mu  mi  mmj  run  mij  inn j  mm  iiiiniiTMiiuiu  tin  miii  inn  inniiiTiiii  tun itiiHiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiniiitiiiiMiiiiiiiFiiin MLh 

(GENERAL    PAPER    CO.  I 

525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 
Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"  All   Codes 
Bank  1 1         _■  i_  -   ''^^  Paper 

References:         ^<oADP"^"S  Mill 

Bank   of   Italy 
San     Francisco 

BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,  Portland,  Los  Angeles 
Dealers   In    News,   Book,  Writing,  Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 
Cardboards,   Label   and  Wrapping   Papers 
^iHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMMlllilllltllllllllilllinillllllltllllllllllilllllllliltllliiilliliiiiinliliiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii> 


Gable  Address: 

RHNCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4 

W.  D.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


Representatives 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 

205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

=     Freight   Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS,    LA.  Correspondence  Solicited     [ 

^iiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiijiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiilliMliiiiiiiniiiiniiiiiiiiiMiiiim 


immmmmmiimiimiimiiminmmiii  mil  iiimiimm  nm  iiiimiimiimiimimiiimiimimimiimiiimn i  im ii i  minium^         ^niiiiiiinMiiiiiiiiMiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiniiiniii 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO. 


TEAMSHIP     = 

AGENTS 


SHIP  BROKERS 
IMPORTERS   AND    EXPORTERS 


341  Montgomery  Street 


Phone  Garfield  2241 


SAN    FRANCISCO     1 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK 

LEATHEK 

Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and 
Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 

Cable  Address  :  "  Cookbro."  San  Francisco 

743  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THAOC  MARK 


;nmiimiiiiiiimiimiimiimiimiiiiiimiiiiiiimimiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiimimiim miniiininiiiiillimiinilininiiimiiiiiiniiinmiiin?.         -mimimm imimmiimimiii ii iimimiimiiinimimimiimi i nm illmllimm iiiiiiiiiiiiini  = 

mmmm niiniiiniiiniiiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu[iiiiiiiiiiiHiiiniiiniiniiiniiniiiiMiiiiiniiiniiuiiniiiniiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiii>iii iiiim miiiiiiiiiimniiiiiiiimniiiimimimiimitmimiiiiiimimiimifmniiimimiiiiiiiiiiiniiimiiiiiiimiimiiiiiimiimimiimiiiilh' 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping  and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

1  i 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 

SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

Sniiimiiinmniiinimiiminiimiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiniitiimiimniinm ■■■ttiiiiiiiirjiiitiiiiiiiijriiixiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiiiriirtiiiiiiiiiiiiJiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiiriiiitJTiiiitiitfiiifiiitiiiiiiiittiiitiiiiiiirtiiiTiiiifiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiriiii'iiii nniniiiniiniiimmnmniiiiiiiniinnl 

tijiiiirjii  iiiiiiiiiiiitjiiitMii  tiiriii  iiriiiiiiiiir  mi  i)iiiriiir<ii  irtiiiMiiiiiiirtiiiiti  iiiiii  ii  tiiit  iiiii  Mil  iiiii  m  iitiiit  iiiiti  iimiit  iiiiiiiiMiittii  iriniriiiriiiitiiit  iiiitmimii- iiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiillilMiij 


Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's,  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


"Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 

aiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii minimi imimiimiiiiiimiimiimiimiimiimiimiii u i n inn iiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiii inn mm muni  niitiiin  inuiiii  nil  nun nniniiiniiiniinni imiinnnninniniiiniiiniiiiimniinninir;. 

n mini iiiiiimmnii iimmiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiii mm imiiiiiimiimiii itiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiini iiimiimiiimiimiiiii i iiimnii miiiiii nm iniiiminiiinmnmniiniiinmniinmnmnninmniiniiiniiiiiiiiniimiiinnmiiiiiniiiniE 


P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

■—Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485  California  Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


mum n uiiiiimiimiiimmiiimiiii nm iniininnninniininniiniinniiniinnnnii niiiininm inmni iimi iiimnmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiimii iinmiiimii imimiiniiinii i inimiiin i i iiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiniiiis 


168 


Pan  Pacific 


^_i  1 1 1 1 F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  M 1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 minimi i iiiiiiiiiiiiimm mmiiii mimimiimimiiimimii iiiiimimiii urn iiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiimiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiii mil i minimi iiiimimiiimimiiiiiii i i u 

PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  CO. 


Importers 


HEAD  OFFICE:     SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF. 


General  Agents  for  Japan 

PACIFIC  TRADING  CO. 

P.  O.   Box  234,  Yokohama 


MANUFACTURERS'  AGENTS— PURCHASING  AGI 


Exporters 

General   Agents  for  North  China 

CHUNGMEI  TRADING  CORP. 

S-11   Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai 


Because  of  our  specialized  Service  and  the  fact  that  we  successfully  represent  many  of  our  largest  Corporations  we  are  able 
to  open  new  and  profitable  channels  of  International  Trade  to  you. 

We  invite  correspondence  with  American  Manufacturers  and  Foreign  Traders;  our  object  being  to  bring  the  buyer  and  the 
seller  together  with  the  least  possible  expense  to  both  parties. 


I         Reference:   Anglo-London-Paris   National    Bank,   San    Francisco,   Cal.  Cable   Address:    Paulrube.     All   Codes. 

Tlllllllliliiilliiliiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimilllllllimillllllimillllllllllim 


^iiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iimiimm iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimimimiimiimimiimimimiiiiimiimimiimiummiimimiimimiimiimiiL1         iimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiimiimmiiimimiiii miimiiiimniiiiiiimi i iimiimimiiimimiimiiimimiim ml- 


Puget  Sound  Tug  Boat  Company 


Incorporated  1891 


Washington's  Pioneer  Towing 
Company 


Cable  Address:  TUG 


I    SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


miimiimiiimimimiminmiimimmimiiimnmimirmimimiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiimiiiiiimi iiiimimiimiimimimmiiimiimiimimiimiiir: 


= riiiiiMiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiniiii itiiiiniiiiiu iniiiiiiiiiiii mimimmiiiiu i imimiii i it 

Herbert   W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co.  I 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  for  Quotations  | 

|    209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.    [ 

^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiimimiimimiimiimimiimiiiiiimiimimimiiimmiiimiiiiiimimim iimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiimmmiiiT 


Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 

May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 

promptly  and  frankly 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 

General  Insurance 

^It  lirilllf  llll  EIIIIEIIIIIIirillillllJIIlfllliriliJIIIlXIIIIIIIJtllllllllllljflllllllJlllJJIIIICIIIJtlllTllllEIIlTIIIIIIIIISIiajllllJIIIIXIIIIflllDBIItJIIIlieillfllDJ  Illlf  «■■■  tll^^ 

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BRADY  &  COMPANY 

Established    1892.     SHIPPING    AND    COMMISSION 

Importers   and    Exporters   Salmon,    Fertilizer,    Oils,    Steel.    Lumber 

42-Story  L.   C.   SMITH  BLDG.,   Seattle,  Wash.,   U.   S.  A. 

^liitiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiJiiitMiiJiiiiMiJiii  j  MiiiiinMi.iiiijtMJiiiiiMijrMiitiinMuriinMiiriiitiiiiiiinriiifEiiJiMiitiiuiiiitiiiiiiiiitJMiiMiitiMJiiiiJJitiiifEt.i'r1 

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BOOTHS 

CRESCENT 

RAND 


Sardines 


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PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 
[     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     I 

-Tiiiiimiiimimimiiimiiiiiimiimimiiiimimi iiiiiiimmiimiimiimiiiiimiiimmiimiimiimiiimimi n iiiiiiimiiiiiimiimir  :m:: 


F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND 

Exporters 


^_'  i  i  r  1 1 1  r  j  j  1 1  r  1 1 1  ri  1 1 1 1-  j  1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  r  m  1 3  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r i ;  1 1 1  >  1 1 1 1  f t  m  1 1  >  1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1 1  t  m  ;  i  r  e  1 1  j  e  1 1  a  r  1 1 1 1  ?  1 1 1  x  e  1 1  g  1 1  m  i  i  1 1 1  f  1 1 1  r ;  1 1  u  c  1 1 1 1 ]  c  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3  j  1 1  i  1 1 1 1 1 J !  i  i  i  m  1 1  t  r  i  <_= 

|  THE  CHAS.  A.   BACON  CO.  | 

EXPORTERS,     IMPORTERS    AND     MANUFACTURERS 
REPRESENTATIVES 

417  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.S.A. 

CABLE  ADDRESS:  "CABCO"  Code  A   B  C— 5th   Edition 

What  do  you   wish   to   buy?    What  do   you   wish   to   sell? 

Write  or  cable  us  at  once.     We  have  unexcelled  facilities  for 

handling  your  entire  business;  selling,  buying  and  forwarding 

REFERENCES: 

Banca  Popolare  Fugazl  R.  G.  Dun  Mercantile  Agency     = 

^MMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMlllllllliniMIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIINIIMMMIIIIIMIIinillllllinillllllinilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMlllllllinillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll'l.- 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


^?iiJtiii<nii  j  riiijiii]iEMiiriijiriiJtjiiJiriiTJiiiifiiiiriiJiiiiJtiiijiiiijrFiijiriiirtiijiiiiiriiiitfiiiriiiiiiiiiriiijiriii4TfriiiiiiiirFiiiirMiiiffiiiJrriiiriiiiiJitiiTtriiijrit4f7 


-£j- t*^i'irifjiiitiiinjriii:tii»iiiii.t9iii»iiictiiiiFjiitriiiiicii]iriiitiii.iiiiiiiiiijiii:iriiiTiiiriiiijrt itiEiuiiiiiiiiii jiiiijiiiiiiiiirrciiriiirFiiiiiiiii-iiiiiiiiiiii mi  in*«iii-iiirrtiiitiiitTiiiriiirtiiir)iiirriiri-iiiiiiiiTiirtsiiixeiiifiiiriiiii<iiixiiii lEiiiiiniLiiiiiiiiiiiiii-tii^tiiiiiiiixiiiTJiiiiMiiiiiiTiiiiriiitiiiJtiiiiriiiiEiiizi* H-v^ 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES: 

Seattle  Peru  Costa  Rica  Panama 

Los  Angeles  Guatemala  Nicaragua  Ecuador 

New  Orleans  Salvador  Chile  Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from   Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


Slim niimn mill i minium mi mil nun i in inn iinnimiimi mini i n in minim mini nun iiiuiiiuiiium mill mumniiiumii imnmniimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiminiiiiimniiiiiiniiniiMiiimimii 


Hasa  paa 


g% 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 

Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


■gnMrngMBrofiMBMHTOSBMBBial 


SEPTEMBER,  1919 


Price  25  Cents 


FOREIGN  TRADE  PROBLEMS  AHEAD 


Edi'eri  By  John  H.  Gerrie 


R 


r 


**. 


Big  Construction  Era  in  the  Ori 
Pl^in  Distributing  Port  in  Manil 
business  Follows  Loans  In  Latin-America 


Dr.  W.  E.  Aughinbatigh,  F.  H.  Williams,  C.  C.  Batchelder,  F.  R.  Eldridg< 
Lazaro  Base  h,  A.  A.  Preciado,  Lucie  M.  Morgan 


AMAGAZINE/  INTERNATIONAL   COMMERCE 


^tiiif*fitiriiiirfirtiiJitiiriitriiiiiiiJiiJjiiitiic]i:iJiiiij[riirriJFtit]Tifiii)iirt)JLiijfriiJFtiiitiJiriiTiTiiiitijtt:iitiiJiiiiiiii»tsiiiriiitiiiiiiTritiiiiiiit:jitiiiii)iiiiiirti»«iiiF  iiiiriiiriiifrEiii[iiiriii][tiJitij)iiiitiiirtiirtitiiiii»iiiiiJiiiiiiiTiiJittiifiiifjj|iiiiiririijrriifKifi«tiit4«iiitiii[ifitiitricriLiiit:[itJtii]Tiit]ifiiTiritt>tiiiiFrTiif[TiJir^ 

|    Java-China-Japan  Lijn    | 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 

BETWEEN 

San  Francisco 

AND 

I    Netherlands  East  Indies    I 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  l"""^  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San   Francisco 


^iiitiJiiiiJiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiJitiiiiiiJiiiiiiiiiciiiiiiiiicifiiiiRiitiiiiirt  iii>iiitfiiiJiiiiiJiiitiiiiiiiiiJiii;iiiiiji<iiiifiiiiiffit]iiiiJiriiiiijjiiJiiiijiiiciii<fiiruiifiii 


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September    I  9  /  9  169 

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Cable  Address:  ^_     _  __   _^_  Code  Used: 

Llewellyn  ^         %./     lVT  I     i  J    #\     A  Y  A.  B.C. 

Los  AnB€lra,  «  B  ^f        I  XI  E     ■"%      I        I     I  %  I  W  5th    Edition 

^fc  m  A  MADE  IN  U  S  A.  -  M    ■  M*^^^ 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


Hammered  Steel 


SHOES 

and 

DIES 


CAST  STEEL 


SHOES 

and 

DIES 


Rolling  Mill  Products  sS^i" 


HEAVY 

and 
LIGHT 

Forgings 

Of 
Every 
Descrip- 
tion 


HEAVY 
and 

LIGHT 
Steel  or 
Grey  Iron 

Castings 

Of 

Every 
Description 


7,000  Pound   Steam    Hammer 


Structural  Steel  Engineers  &  Fabricators 

MILL  BUILDINGS— STEEL  STRUCTURES— TOWERS— TANKS  — RIVETED  PIPE— HEMISPHERICAL 
BOTTOM  TANKS  AND  TOWERS— FORGE  SHOP— FOUNDRY— MACHINE  SHOP 

£  itiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiijiiiitiiiutiiiiitf  ■■iifijiitiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiijiMitjiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiriiiiitJi>fijj||iii(j|MflllttJlir>t]ii>iiiJiiii>iiiiiiiiiiiiiriiitiiiiiiiii  imtiiitrivniiMiKiuiiiiittiiiiiiiiiiiittiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMitiriiiiMiiitiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiii  inn  mi  niiiujiiJiiiiIiiiitiiiiiiiKiiiiiiiii  miij  i  nil  i  f  im  inn  i  mtiiiii  iiint  mi  iiiiitiiuf  m^ 


170 


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Pan   Pacific 

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HOTEL 
WHITCOMB 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

One  of  a  group  of  magnificent  public  build- 
ings at  the  Civic  Center  of  California's  metro- 
polis, within  a  few  minutes  walk  of  theater, 
business  and  shopping  districts. 

The  Whitcomb  makes  a  specialty  of  cuisine, 
serving  either  la  carte  or  special  breakfasts, 
luncheons  and  dinners.  Afternoon  tea  in  the 
beautiful  Sun  Lounge. 

A  telegram  or  wireless  at  our  expense  brings 
the  Whitcomb  representatives  to  the  steamer. 
Whitcomb  bus  meets  all  steamers. 

Rates  for  Room  and  Bath  from  $2.50  a  day 
J.  H.  VAN  HORNE,  Manager 

niiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiNiiiiiiiniiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiHiuMiniiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiinMiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniinii:- 


F< 


Study  ^-r 

^i£n  rade 

ji 


— under  personal  instruction  of  inter- 
national experts — greatest  course  in 
Foreign  Trade  ever  offered  on  the 
Pacific  Coast — most  practical  and 
thorough — will  teach  you  the  busi- 
ness of  Foreign  Trade — how  to  get 
into  it — how  to  carry  it  on — how  to 
succeed  at  it— no  one  interested,  or 
likely  to  be,  in  Foreign  Trade  can 
afford  to  miss  this  course. 

Send  us  your  name  and  address,  and 
full  information  regarding  this  Course 
will  come  right  back. 

BUTLER  SCHOOL  OF  COMMERCE 

New  Call  Bldg.    Next  to  Palace  Hotel 
on  New  Montgomery  Street 


Brown 

Dry  Cure 

X  Circle 

Retread 

Mold 


|  T^HIS  retreading 
plant  is  a  profit 
|   maker  for  the  tire 
1   repair  man. 


TT  is  built  to  withstand  continual  use.  This  plant  can  I 
|  be  furnished  with  either  gas  or  gasoline  burner  or  it  I 
!   can  be  connected  direct  to  steam  boiler. 

Write  for  Catalog  A-P 

JESSE  F.  BROWN,  MANUFACTURING  CO. 

LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 

Reference:  Citizens  National  Bank,  Los  Angeles 

^nif  r  iiittidi  riiiiriiiitiiiiriirtii]iiiiiiiiii[iiiiiiiiEiiiEiiiiiiittiiiFiiiiiiiriiiiFiiii[ijiiii<iriiitiiiiiiiuiciij[iiiiitiiiriiji[iiiitiii[iiiiiiijiriiiitiiiriiiii  r  bi  jtiiiiiiT^ 

j'MniiiiniiiiiiiiitiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiniiiiMiuiiniiiiiiiitiiiiMiiiMiiMiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiMiniiiuiiiiMiitiiiiiniuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiii^' 

IMMEDIATE     DELIVERY 
FROM    STOCK 

I  iiimiiiimiliiilliiil 

|  Iron  Steel 

Bolts  Nuts 

Chain  Waste 

Blacksmith  Coal 
Wire  Rope 
Logging  Tools 
Axes  Saws 

Belting  Pulleys 


imiiiiijimimiini 


I  MillandMineSupplyCo. 


I   Cable  Address  "Millmine" 


Seattle,  Wash. 


=iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii"iMiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiii. 


September    1919 


171 


-Mimiiimiiiimiimiimiimiiiiiji iiiiiniiiiniiinilllllllliniiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiitiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilliiiliiiiiiiliiiiiiiii I I niiiiiiiiiiimiiiniiiiiiiiiiiil mi!! mi  mn  [in  u I I IIIH'= 


MANUFACTURERS 


AND 


WHOLESALE  DEALERS  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— CHILDRENS  AND  INFANTS 

SHOES 

WE    HAVE  ONE   OF  THE    LARGEST    STOCKS    ON    THE    PACIFIC    COAST 

ALL  STAPLE  AND  LATEST  STYLES  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  CHARGES  PREPAID 


Cable  Address 
NESCO"  Bentley's  Code 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  CO. 


25  FREMONT  STREET 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


;,in n miiiiiiiiiiiii iimimniiii r  in  [  hi  it iiiiiuiiiiiiii i ilililHilillilllilliliiiilll lllllllll I I llililiil nil I illllllillllllllill llllllllll i mil iiiiiiimimf 


^IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIItllllllllllllllllllMIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIttlllllMlllllllllllllllllllllMlllllllllllMIIIIIIIMIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIL 


!     Parent  Company 
[     Established  1857 


Resources  Over     I 
$1,000,000 


Associated  Manufacturers    I 
Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers'  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  "Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 

All  Codes 

|   871    Market    Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,    U.    S.    A.    I 
|  | 

piniiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiMiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiMiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiimiiiiMiiiiiiitMiiiiiuiiiniiuiiimiiiiiiiiiimimiMiiimiiiilr 


mmmmmmmmmm 


The  same  unfailing  quality,  uniformity  of 
selection  and  right  prices  have  made 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 

"Bear  Brand" 

Sole  Leather 

the  stardard  sole   leather  for  those  who 

demand  the  best. 

"Look  for  the  Bear  on  every  side." 

TANNERS 

603  Wells  Fargo  Bldg. 
San  Francisco,  California,  U.  S.  A. 


:^jfli*frjirr iihiiiiibiiiiiiiiJiiiiiciiiiEiii ^ jiiiiiLiiiit tiiiiiiiiiiii]riiii[ ihiiiiJLiidr fiih riiiiiiiitiijriiijriij i rijjFiiiiriidi.iiiiiiiiJiti^HLiiriiii^t iiiiliij 3ie iiiiijh 3iitijiriiiitidiiiiiirtJiiriaiA[iiiiiijiEijiiiiJiiiijiii4ihiiJir jiiiijjiiiJLiiJiLi^iiFiijiiiiitiiiiiiijti  l^ 


|      "World-Wide 


LD-WlDE  <*[*        .  t       OLi    ~  *  A        TTT  X-  /-it  AGENCIES  IN  ALL 

charterers    ilmiierHai  flipping  $c  ®ramng  (En*     *™*™  **» 

SHIPOWNERS,  SHIP  BROKERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

MARINE  CARGO  SURVEYORS  AND  APPRAISERS 

i 

HEAD  OFFICE:  ALASKA  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 
Branch  Office:  149  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 

Cable  Addresses:  "Usatco"  Seattle.    "Unshipstrad"  New  York 


IMPORTS 

Copra,  Vegetable  Oils,  Rice,  Peanuts 
Australian  Skins,  Gums,  Rubber 
Menthol,  Camphor,  Etc. 


EXPORTS 

Canned  Salmon,  Dyes,  Steel  and  Steel 
Products,  Paints,  Ducks  and  Sail  Cloth. 


.1 1  r  1 1 1  n  f  1 1 1  r  i  m  i i  f  c  1 1 1  u  m  1 1  n  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  j  i  m  i  a  l  i  ■  ■  1 1  m  1 1 1 1  ■  n 1 i  l u  i  in  1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1 1  r i  u  m  1 1  n  1 1 1  m  ■  m  1 1 1 1  m  i  j  1 1 1 1 1 r  r  ■  ■  1 1 j  i  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 <  t  m  i  f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1 1 1 t  e  [  u  i  ■  1 1 1  r  1 1  n  t  ■  ■  1 1  l  ■  i  <  l  e  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1  ■  1 1  f  1 1  j  i  r  1 1 1  m  1 1 1 1 1 1  j  >  1 1  u  i  h  1 1  r  ■  ■  1 1 1  m  i 1 1  ■  1 1 1 »  m  1 1  f  i  d  i  r  1 1 4  u  i  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  t ti  1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  l  rr 


172 


Pan  Pacific 


^iiMiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiii mnmimiimimiimimk'        iiiimimiimnmiimiimm miimiimimimnm mm milium mnmiiii i i iiiimiii mi ■ 


CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI 


EDWARD   P.   BARRY 


Edward  Barry  Company     |  |  Clyde  Equipment 

Company 


WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 


PORTLAND 


SEATTLE   I 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


Machinery  and  Supply 
Merchants 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 
I   Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books 
Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


542   First   Avenue   South 


Seattle,  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 


■ 
■ 

i 

^lUiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiniiniiiiMMiiiiniiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiuiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiniiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiW        .TOiimiimiiiiiimimiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim imiiimiimiiiiiimiimiiimimiii ';. 

^imiimiiimiimiimimimiimiimimimiimimiiiMimi iiMiriiiraiiiiiiniriiifiiidMiirMifEMiti JiiiiiiiirriiiriM^FMiiriiirniriMDtMiiMiiriiitiiiriiiJi iiiiiiriiiiiiiit lrciiitiiiiiiuMiiiMiiiiiiJ it riiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiijiiitiMitMiiiiMiiiiiitiiiiiiiuiiutiiiit ]Mi:tiiiijiMiiMi iiirnma 

PURNELL  &  PAGET 


■ 
| 

i 

— 

= 


ARCHITECTS 

AND 

CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

CHAS.  S.  PAGET,  A.S.M.  A.M.  S.  C.E. 


Investigations — Inspections 

Reports  and  Valuations 

Design   and  Supervision   of   Construction 

for  Industrial  Plants  and  Buildings 
Power  Plants 
Difficult   Foundations 


Bridges  and  Steel  Structures 
Wharf  and  Dock  Construction 
River  and  Harbor  Works 
Investigation   and   Development   of   Mining 
Properties 


ESTABLISHED  IN  CHINA  16  YEARS 

f  Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
OFFICES    <^  Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,  China 

(  American  National  Bank  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telegraphic  Address,  "PANEL"  Western  Union  Code,  A.B.C.,  5th  Edition 


iiuuiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiuuiiiniiuiiiimiiuiiimiiiiiiimiimiimiimiiiiiiimiimiimiiimimiiii iimiiimiiimiimnm Minium 


September    19  19 


173 


allium iiiiiiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiii iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiMiiiMMiiiiimiiMniiiiimiiiiiiiiniiimmiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiMiiiM- 

SHOES      J 

MEN'S,  LADIES' AND 
CHILDREN'S 

SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES    j 

also 
RUBBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES    { 

on  bind  for  immediate  shipment 

I  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  | 

Shoes  Wholesale 

I  216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.   ) 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Bentley  Code 
^iiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i  tn  i  i  nil  tint  n  in  tin  i  mi  >  in  [iiiieni  i  iiu  iiiiinii  niiir  m  mi  jFinr? 

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BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  | 

Cup,   Transmission,  Axle,  Car,  Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL   INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  V.  S.  A.    ! 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
=     SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.  Luna  Blnondo,  Manila,     I 
P.   I.— P.   M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,   N.  S.  W. — 
P.  LAFARGUE,  Casllla  308,  Valparaiso,  Chile 

fTi  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ]  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 ininiiii 1 1  ii  1 1 i  ii  1 1  ii  1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  m  i  ii  1 1  ii  1 1  ii  1 1 i 1 1  imiii  nun  1 1 ,S 

^jmillMIIII  I IIIIIIM1 1  Ml  I  III]  IIIIIMM  MM  I  MM  rill  I  III  IMIl  III]]  III  lllll  I  Mil  [Ml  I  Fill  MM  I  [IIIIMKIMI 111111111 1111 IIIIIMIIIMIIIIIII  MM  1 1 1 1 1 1  f  I M 1 1 II 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1  ij^f 


Standard  Products  Co.1  (GLASS  WARE! 


Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office,  260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


New  York 
Pittsburgh  - 
Seattle 
Los  Angeles 


Shanghai 
Singapore 


Manila 
Yokohama 


EXPORTERS,  of  all  American  products,  especially  Iron 
and  Steel  Products,  Machinery,  Black  and  Galvanized 
Pipe,  either  American  or  English  Thread,  Paints,  Var- 
nishes, Cutlery,  Sanitary  Fixtures,  Railway  Supplies, 
Asbestos,  Leather  Belting,  Explosives,  Imitation 
Leather,  Automobile  Trucks,  Tractors,  Lighting  Fix- 
tures, Chain,  Plate  and  Window  Glass,   Fabrikoid. 

IMPORTERS,  Raw  Materials  from  Asia,  Camel's  Hair, 
Animal  Hair,  Bristles,  Furs,  Hides  and  Skins,  Human 
Hair,  Egg  Products,  Nuts,  Oils,  Etc. 


(FOR  TABLE  AND  SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 
DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 

(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for 
catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language) 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin   M.    Knowles   China   Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 


=   618  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A.  j 


Code  Word  "PERKINS."     All  Codes  Used. 


|    References,  First  National  Bank,  Bank  of  Italy,  Dun's    ! 
or  Bradstreet's,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


^MIlMIIMMMMIMMIMMIMIMMIMINMIIMIllMIIMIlMIIIMIMMIIIMIMMMMMMIMMIMIIMMIMMMIlIMIIMMIMIIMIIIMIIIMIIMIIIMlllMIIIMIIMIIiMliMlllllllllliir 

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Murry  Jacobs 

Jacobs  &  Gile 

■  i 

DIRECT  MILL  REPRESENTATIVES 

IRON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Cast  Iron  Water  Pipe 
Hydrants  and  Valves 


Railway  Exchange  Building 
Portland,  Oregon 


L.  G.  Smith  Building 
Seattle,  Washington 


!  ^IIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IMIMMIMIIIMIIIMIIIMIMMIIMIMIIIIMIIMIMMIIIIIIMIIIMIII?.  ni|||||llllllllllllllllllllllll MIIMMMMIMMIIMI  MM  Mill  Mill Mill 11111111111111111  lllllllll  MM  I  Mil  Mill  IIIIIMM  Mill  MM  I  MMIIMIM MMMIMMlll- 


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; 


Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABAYA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable  Address:   "INTRACO" 

Codes : 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   6th  Edition 


Import    Products  of  all 

Countries   where   we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:    SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

■in 11HU111111111 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiii ijiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiliiiitiiiniiiii! it iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiniiiiiiiimMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiinii^ 


174 


Pan   P  a  c  if  f 


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1    Shippers  Commercial  Corporation    I 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 


EXPORTERS 


Cable  Address:  SHIPCOMCO 

ALL  CODES  USED 

IMPORTERS 


Trade  Mark 


CANNED 
SALMON 


Pacific  Coast  Products 


CANNED 

MILK 


=^re  aiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiJLiiiiEiiiLiiiiEiiiEEiiiiiJiEiiitiaiciiiJEiiJtEiirEiiJi-Eiiii-iijiiiiFiiiiiiiJEiiiJiiiJ-JiiJriiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiEiiJrtJj JiriJiEiJiitiJiriJ FiiiriiiiFiJir iirEiiiiiriJJiiiiiiiiiiiiijriiiJiiiiLiii jiiiiliiiifeijiiij ii;iiiiFiJitEiiJ»iijriiJ i-iiiiiiijiiii JitiiiiLiJii.piiJi-iiJiiiijjriiJitiiJiiiii-ieiiiJi-iajiiiiJii.iiiJjEiiJij.,— 

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Cable  Address:  "DILL" 


Watch  for  this  Trade-Mark 


EXPORTERS  OF 

Steel  Products  Chemicals  Dye  Stuff 

Acids  Hematine  Barytes 

Caustic  Soda  Soda  Ash  Phenol 

Rosin  Turpentine 

and  Raw  Materials  for  All  Industries 


Fish  Oil 
Soya  Bean  Oil 
Hides 
Coffee 


I    DILL  CROSETT,  Inc. 

I   235  Pine  Street  San  Francisco 

Branch  Offices 

128  William  Street  New  York 

328  Sannomiya-Cho,  1  Chome    Kobe  Japan 

Union  Bank  Chambers         Sydney,  Australia 


SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 

SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "  Kelley " 

TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


IMPORTERS  OF 

Cocoanut  Oil 

Castor  O 

Rape  Seed  Oil 

Tallow 

Beans 

Peanuts 

Copra 

.       Silks 

Rattans  Etc. 

EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile  Machinery 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


aiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiimniiiiiiii 


iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiniiim iiiMiiiiiiiuiiiniiii i 111111!=        Shi 1 mini mm 1 1 1 imimiimiiimimiil minim 1 immimi 11111 r. 


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THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON 

Electrical  and  Mining  Machinery 

=  = 

Complete  Electrical  Shop — Specialists  on  Rewinding 
Machinery  of  All  Kinds 


COMPLETE  INSTALLATIONS  MADE 


316  FIRST  STREET,  SO. 


SEATTLE,  WASH. 


,-iin!MU[MiniinnMliiiiiiiiiii[iiiniiiniiniiiniiiniiniiin:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiii[iiiniiiniiiiiiiniiniii;iiiiitiiiniiniiiniiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiii 


BnmaniginiHiiwinmiiiiiwiiiiiiawHnniiiiiniiimH  tinmnnitiiiiiiiHiiintiiiim»w  mm  iit  t  niim  t  nitim  v  of  mri" ' " " ">• 


September    19  19 


175 


^i!i!iiiiiiiiiiiii[iiiniiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiil!Mii[|iinii:iiii!iiillliliiliiiiii[iHiiiiniiilii!!niiiiifiiiiiliiiiiii[iiniiiiiiiiiiMiiiiHiiiiiiiii]iiiii[iiiitlilniii[iiiiiiii^ 

PLANTING  THE 
FLAG  OF  THE 
ADMIRAL     LINE 
IN  THE  ORIENT 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
112  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco        8  BRIDGE  ST.,  New  York        = 
j     Manila       Hong  Kong      Vladivostok      Shanghai      Singapore      Kobe     Yokohama     | 

fl lllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIINIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIinlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliniMlllllinilllMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIlllllllllllllr, 


I 

! 

1 

(!) 

1 

I 

1 

I 

1 

1 
1 

C) 

I 


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The  Policy  of  this  Bank  during  Nine- 
ty-five Years  has  been  outlined  by 
Honorable  Hugh  McCulloch,  the 
first  Comptroller  of  the  Curren- 
cy, in  the  first  report  issued 
by  his  office: 

"Do  nothing  to  foster  and  encourage  speculation. 

"Give  facilities  only  to  legitimate  and  prudent  trans" 
actions. 


•:♦ 


"Distribute  yourloans  rather  than  concentrate  them 
in  a  few  hands. 

"Pursue    a   straightforward,    upright,    legitimate 
banking  business. 

"Treat  your  customers  liberally,  bearing  in  mind  that 
the  bank  prospers  as  its  customers  prosper." 

We  are  seeking  new  business  on  our  record 


Oltjtfmtral  National  Hattk 


of  Nftu  $ork 

(Established  1824) 


IIIIIIHllllllllllllfllllMlllllllllllllllllltllllllllUlllllllllllllinillllllllllllllllltllllllllllllHIIIIIIIillllllllllllllUlllllllllMllltlllllr 


^MIIMIItllllMllltlllllllllllltlllHIIIUIIIIMIIIM!lllllltll!IIIIIMIItllinilllllllllllllllinillMllllllltllllllll!llllllllinilHIIIIIIIII!IIIHIIItllllllllllllllIlllinilli^ 

1  L.  Dinkelspiel  Company  I 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


DRY  GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


NOTIONS  and 
FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods  —  Linens  —    I 

Towels  —  Napiins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    § 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    | 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  Ticks    | 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's  1 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —  | 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —    1 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions  I 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

i    Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages    I 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 

^EII  LI  III  IMI  Jtlllllll  III!  J  M  lllllllllllllllMlirill  IIM1 1 1  lllllll  jllli  Mil  llll  III  I J  Mil  I  III  HIM  1M1I  llll  Jill]  Mil  llll  ill  IIMII I  MM  Mlltllll  Jll  J  J  tllll  IIIIlMIIIIir I!  1 1 1 J  .7^ 

ynilll!IIIMM!IIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! MIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItlllllMIIM IIIIMMIIIUIIUIIIinillllllMlllllinMllllllllllinillMIIIIIIIMIird 

=  5 

I INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY  | 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


PRINTERS 

STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment  \ 

Office   Furniture 
Loose   Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE   SUPPLIES 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY  I 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


^lIlMMlMIUMIIIIIIllMllMIIIMIIlMIIIMIIIIlllMlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMMIIIlllMllllllllMllllllllMIIIMllMinMinilllliinillllllinillllir- 


176  Pan   Pacific 

-'iiimiilliillinii i linn illlllllll iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;         jmilimiillillllillilll lliiiiiiiilliiliiiliiiiiliin nun mimiii lininii i n iiiiiimimiiimimiimiiillllimi^ 

|  NIPPON   YUSEN   KAISHAJ  |  Skinner  &  Eddy  Corporation  I 

(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.)  <*                        *- 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000                        Head   Office,  Tokyo 


Fleet  99 — Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

[  TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE 

1  Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports, 
1       Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 
All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

I    Greatly   Improved    Fast   Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern 
Twin  and  Triple   Screw   Steamships  with   Unequaled 
Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT: 

|  S.   S.   Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons        S.  S.  Katori  Maru 19,200  tons 

I  S.   S.   Fushimi   Maru....21, 020  tons        S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

|  S.  S.   Kashima   Maru..19,200  tons        S.   S.   Kamo   Maru 16,000  tons 

|        For   further   information,    rates,    tickets,   berth    reservation,    etc., 

=  apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United  States 

|  and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs. 

|  Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist 

I  agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


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1     Cable  Address,  "Connell" 


All  Codes 


Connell  Bros. 
|  Company  I 

I  GENERAL  IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


HOME  OFFICE 
L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A. 


BRANCH  OFFICE 
485  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


OFFICES  ALSO  AT 
!    Shanghai  Manila  Hong  Kong  Singapore 


Correspondence  Solicited 


RECORD 

BUILDERS 


OF 


Steel  Cargo 
STEAMSHIPS 


SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON 


U.  S.  A. 


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I  Rothwell  &  Co.  inc.  | 

420  Alaska  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 


97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517 
New  York  Havana,  Cuba 

404  Insurance  Exchange 

San  Francisco 


Kobe 

Japan 


IMPORTS: 

China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame   Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 


EXPORTS: 

Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye- 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


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September    19  19 


177 


' 'liiimniimiiiimiiiiiniiiimimiiiuiiiniiimiiiimimiiminiiiiiiiiimniimiiinimimimiimiimiiiinmni      »0'-  '" 


3lllllllllmilltllimiimiin!lllllllMIIIMINIimillll 

SEPTEMBER,  1919 


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PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 


ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

Juiji  G.  Kasal,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    ...v : Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin   Chu,    B.C.S.,    M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
Introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618   Mission   Street,   San    Francisco 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 
1 1 

Hi     Foreign  Trade  Problems  Ahead.... , 179 

Jflll     Big  Construction  Era  in  Orient 187 

Siam's  Opportunities  182 

An  Evidence  of  China's  Awakening 183 

Manila  a  Great  Shipping  Center 18U 

Java  Offers  Field  For  American  Goods 185 

British  Malaya  Ready  To  Trade 186 

r,        Mexico  Making  Progress  187 

v       Investments  in  South  America 190 

v       Peruvian  Copper  Investments  191 

Publicity  an  Art  in  Latin-America 192 

M\     Rio  Janeiro  a  City  of  Activity 193 

&|     New  Zealand  Seeking  Trade  ;. 19U 

ii 


178  Pan  Pacific 

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I  *"  Ocean    Transport    G>.,ui>.  I 

(  TAIYO    KAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA  ) 

OP     KOBE.   JAPAN 

Agents   At  All  Principal    Ports   In  T*C    World 

Operating      Modern.     FreiftKi     Steamers 
100   Al   L1*tt 

Regular      Direct      Service 

To     h      From 
San  Francisco  Seattle  Vancouver 

And 

\okohama,  Kobe,  Shanghai, 
Hongkong,  Manila, 
Singapore 

Frequent        Sailings     To 

Vladivostok  *  North  China  Ports 

We     Solicit    Youp.    Inquiries    For  Cargoes 
To    All  Principal  Ports   In   The  Would 

<rans  Oceanic  Go. 

Pacific    coasi*  a«cnts 

$AN    fitArlCifCO        -*,  SeAmE  -^  V/a«COUV€« 

224  SANfOfOC   9T  AMfRtCAr*  e***  0L»«  YORKSIHftC      8106. 

Chicago        *v       Mew   Vork; 

646  MR^ue-ffe  *u>o.  71    a  Road  way 

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September    19  19 


179 


Foreign  Trade  Problems  Ahead 

United  States  Alone  Among  the  Nations  is  in  Position  to  Most  Thoroughly  Enjoy 

the  Business  That  Will   Follow   Peace 


W 


AR  completely  changes  commer- 
cial currents.  The  victor  takes 
the  established  and  profitable  trade, 
leaving  the  vanquished  the  harder 
lines  of  business  and  the  development 
of  new  fields.  This  is  as  true  of  the 
first  war  as  it  will  be  of  the  last. 

The  Napoleonic  wars  gave  to  Eng- 
land the  strong  position  she  now  oc- 
cupies in  the  financial  and  commercial 
world.  Her  bankers  and  shippers,  her 
merchants  and  manufacturers,  with 
one  accord  grasped  the  opportunity 
that  presented  itself  then  and  have 
held  the  supremacy  thus  gained  for 
more  than  a  century. 

Will  Take  Germany 
Fifty  Years  To  Regain 
A  perusal  of  the  peace  treaty  signed 
by  Germany  will  convince  anyone  that 
it  will  be  easily  fifty  years  before 
Germany  can  possibly  enter  the  field 
of  foreign  commerce  as  an  important 
factor.  This  statement  will  be  true 
whether  the  peace  treaty  be  lived  up 
to  or  not.  Several  essentials  are  vital 
— the  enormous  indemnity  which  must 
ibe  paid  the  victors  by  way  of  com- 
pensation; the  complete  elimination  of 
Germany's  commercial  fleet  and  the 
stern  obligation  that  she  must  repay, 
ton  for  ton,  the  allied  and  neutral 
vessels  so  wantonly  and  ruthlessly  de- 
stroyed by  submarines;  her  loss  in 
pnan  power,  now  estimated  at  more 
than  7,600,000  in  killed  and  maimed; 
"ler  loss  in  money  approximately  $6,- 
000.000,000  and  the  loss  of  materials 
ilvanced  for  the  purpose  of  helping 
liter  cohorts  in  the  war,  none  of  which 
will  ever  be  paid ;  and  last,  but  not 
least,  the  terrible  plight  in  which  the 
Fatherland  now  finds  itself,  both  eco- 
nomically and  socially. 

There  are  other  factors  which  might 
be  considered,  too — such,  for  instance, 
is  the  return  of  Alsace-Lorraine  to 
'ranee;  the  domination  of  the  Saar 
Valley ;  the  general  partitioning  of  ter- 
itory  and  the  distribution  of  her  col- 
onies to  other  nations  to  control.  Prom 
liese  last  mentioned  sources  she  de- 
•  ved  much  revenue  and  raw  products 
hat  were  essential  to  her  existence  as 


By  W.   E.   AUGHINBAUGH, 

M.D.,  L.L.B.,  LLM., 

Professor   of  Foreign  Trade, 

New  York  University 


DR.    W.    E.   AUGINBAUGH 

a    manufacturing    and    exporting    na- 
tion. 

Germany's  Pre-War  Trade 
Of  Enormous  Proportions 
In  1914  Germany  sold  merchandise 
to  the  Latin-American  nations  to  the 
extent  of  approximately  $62,000,000. 
Her  shipments  to  the  Oriental  coun- 
tries were  slightly  larger.  Her  for- 
eign trade  with  the  British  colonies, 
particularly  Canada  and  Australia, 
was  of  enormous  dimensions  and  these 
markets  were  growing  rapidly  in  the 
volume  of  business. 

With  her  own  possessions  scattered 
over  the  globe,  she  did  a  lucrative 
trade.  Her  commerce  with  Africa  was 
growing  by  leaps  and  bounds.  There 
was  not  a  corner  of  the  world — even 
its  most  remote  spots,  where  the  Ger- 
man trader  was  unknown  and  from 
which  he  did  not  exact  his  profit. 


Today  these  markets  are  irrevocably 
lost  to  those  who  spent  such  painstak- 
ing energy  in  their  development  and 
before  Germany  reaches  a  degree  of 
commercial  potency  that  will  warrant 
her  in  casting  glances  toward  them 
again,  others  more  worthy  and  more 
honorable  will  have  entrenched  them- 
selves so  securely  therein  that  there 
will  be  no  chance  for  the  suave  Teuton 
salesman  to  make  an  impression,  no 
matter  how  superior  his  goods  or  how 
enticing  the  terms  of  sale  he. has  to 
offer. 

World    Stores    Depleted, 
Opportunity      Unrivalled 

These  markets  must  be  absorbed. 
Stores  all  over  the  world  are  depleted 
and  stocks  were  never  so  low  in  the 
history  of  our  times.  Obviously  the 
great  demand  will  be  for  necessities — 
for  food,  clothes,  building  materials, 
hardware,  tools,  machinery,  mine,  fac- 
tory and  railroad  equipment. 

Due  to  the  paucity  of  labor  and  the 
scarcity  of  coal,  as  well  as  its  high 
price,  there  will  undoubtedly  be  a  won- 
derful development  in  the  line  of  hy- 
draulic and  electric  machinery,  espe- 
cially in  Europe,  where  it  is  estimated 
there  are  billions  of  horsepower  going 
to  waste. 

We  in  the  United  States  must  not 
assume  that  the  markets  of  the  world 
will  purchase  as  they  did  before  Eu- 
rope was  bathed  in  blood.  The  volume 
of  buying  will  be  materially  smaller 
and  confined  to  the  lines  mentioned. 
Because,  for  example,  the  Latin-Amer- 
icans purchased  nearly  $62,000,000 
worth  of  goods  from  Germany  before 
the  war,  it  does  not  mean  that  they 
will  be  ready  for  many  years  to  spend 
the  same  amount  of  money  with  other 
nations  for  similar  products. 

In  Reciprocal  Trade 
Germany  Was  Active 
We  should  keep  in  mind  the  fact 
that  perhaps  a  minimum  of  65%  of 
the  raw  materials  of  Latin  America, 
Asia,  Africa,  Australasia,  Mexico,  the 
East  and  West  Indies  found  their  way 
to    European    manufacturing    centers, 


180 


Pan  Pacific 


there  to  be  elaborated  into  finished  ar- 
ticles, to  be  exported  to  the  overseas 
markets.  In  this  reciprocal  trade  Ger- 
man}' was  particularly  active. 

With  Belgium  devastated;  France, 
the  stage  on  which  this  bloody  drama 
was  enacted,  shattered;  Russia  in  the 
throes  of  an  apparently  hopeless  strug- 
gle, Portugal,  Italy  and  Great  Britain 
stunned  and  weakened  from  the  blows 
which  they  inflicted  and  received,  with 
Germany  and  Austria-Hungary  dis- 
membered, broken  and  unable  to  buy 
the  materials  they  formerly  needed  to 
keep  their  factories  going,  it  must  be 
apparent  that  the  purchasing  power 
of  Europe  will  be  greatly  lessened. 
Just  how  much  no  one  can  say,  but  I 
believe  that  I  am  within  the  bounds 
of  conservation  when  I  state  there  will 
for  perhaps  five  years  be  a  falling  off 
of  fully  50%  in  Continental  purchases 
of  raw  stuffs. 

Homes  and  factories  must  be  first 
rebuilt,  economic  conditions  rectified 
and  rehabilitated  before  the  hum  of 
industry  will  be  heard  again  in  this 
part  of  the  world,  and  then  the  en- 
trance into  foreign  markets  will  be 
only  gradual.  This  condition  in  turn 
will  be  reflected  upon  the  purchasing 
power  of  Latin  America,  the  Orient 
and  the  other  world  markets,  so  that 
years  will  pass  before  the  nations  of 
the  earth  reach  their  maximum  ability 
to  both  buy  and  sell. 

Larger  Purchasing  Public 
For    the     United     States 

The  markets  which  Germany  and 
Austria-Hungary  have  lost,  coupled 
with  the  limited  production  of  several 
years  to  come  of  Great  Britain, 
France,  Belgium,  Italy,  Portugal,  and 
the  neutral  countries  such  as  Holland, 
Switzerland,  Norway,  Sweden  and 
Denmark — for  they,  too,  have  been 
weakened  by  the  war  and  their  losses 
have  been  relatively  heavy — mean  that 
the  United  States  must  cater  to  a 
larger  purchasing  public  than  ever 
before  in  history.  And  it  naturally 
follows  that  if  the  things  which  we 
supply  these  new  clients  are  adapted 
to  their  needs,  if  our  prices  are  right, 
our  banking  connections  efficient,  our 
business  based  on  reciprocity  and  on 
foreign  investments,  and  our  common 
carriers  able  to  deliver  goods  as  agreed 
upon — then  these  markets  will  be  ours 
for  all  time  to  come,  and  it  will  re- 
quire more  than  an  extraordinary  cir- 
cumstance to  dislodge  us  from  them. 

Briefly,  the  peace  treaty  which  Ger- 
many has  accepted,  may  be  properly 
called  the  prosperity  treaty  for  the 
United  States,  for  we  alone  of  all  the 
nations  of  the  world  are  in  a  position 
to  most  thoroughly. enjoy  the  business 
which  must  naturally  result  from  its 
mandates. 

But  we  cannot  hope  to  achieve  such 
results  unless  we  prepare  ourselves 
for  the  wave  of  prosperity  that  fate 
is    fashioning    for    this    favored    land. 

Let  us  consider  some  of  the  weaker 


spots  in  our  commercial  fabric.  While 
to  some  extent  our  business  men  and 
our  trade  bodies  are  to  blame  for  the 
apparent  indifference  to  foreigu  trade 
possibilities,  still  the  great  responsibil- 
ity for  the  lukewarm  attitude  toward 
overseas  markets  may  be  directly 
charged  to  the  Government  of  the 
United  States.  With  the  single  ex- 
ception of  the  Department  of  Com- 
merce, which  has  done  its  work  in  a 
manner  reflecting  credit  on  all  the  bu- 
reaus and  every  one  of  its  employes, 
the  other  branches  of  the  United 
States  Government  which  should  co- 
operate with  the  Department  of  Com- 
merce and  with  the  business  men  of 
the  country  have  treated  with  scorn 
our  attempts  to  properly  enter  foreign 
trade  fields. 

We  know  that  British  supremacy  in 
foreign  trade  throughout  the  world  is 
due  to  the  fact  that  the  Britisher  in- 
vested, his  surplus  funds  in  high  grade 
foreign  securities.  It  was  his  custom 
to  make  foreign  investments  upon  con- 
dition that  those  whom  he  financed 
should  purchase  their  requirements 
with  the  country  making  the  loan — a 
perfectly  proper  arrangement,  and  one 
that  was  economically  sound. 

This  gave  British  engineers  an  op- 
portunity to  force  upon  the  borrowing 
countries  their  products  and  methods, 
provided  employment  for  their  coun- 
trymen who  in  return  created  a  de- 
mand for  articles  of  home  production. 
British  capitalists  have  invested  today. 
in  the  Argentine  $1,788,705;  Brazil, 
$1,120,000,000;  Chile,  $400,000,000; 
Uruguay,  $250,000,0;  Peru,  $150,000,- 
000;  Venezuela,  $50,000,000  and  in 
other  countries  of  Latin  America  pro- 
portionate amounts  to  the  total  of  over 
$5,000,000,000.  In  the  Orient  their 
holdings  of  this  nature  are  actually 
higher.  In  Latin  America,  excluding 
Mexico,  we  have  a  total  investment 
of  less  than  $300,000,000. 

All     Trade     Treaties 
Should    Be   Redrawn 

The  investment  of  American  money 
in  foreign  securities  will  be  relatively 
small  until  the  Government  of  the 
United  States  announces  to  the  world 
a  definite  policy  for  the  protection  of 
the  American  investor  in  foreign  lands 
as  well  as  for  the  American  residing 
abroad,  and  demonstrates  to  the  na- 
tions of  the  earth  that  it  proposes  to 
carry  out  this  policy  by  every  means 
at  its  command,  with  promptness  and 
dignity. 

All  of  our  trade  treaties  should  be 
redrawn.  We  have  not  a  modern 
treaty  today.  Most  of  our  commercial 
documents  of  this  nature  were  drafted 
when  we  were  an  agricultural  nation 
pure  and  simple — when  we  shipped 
wool,  cereals  and  meats  to  Europe. 
Today  we  have  become  a  manufactur- 
ing people  and  are  actually  importing 
foodstuffs.  But  our  trade  treaties  are 
still  the  same  old  antiquated  ones  of 
bygone  ages. 


We  bought  in  former  days  as  much 
from  France  as  her  three  next  best 
customers  put  together.  Yet,  due  to 
indifference  of  our  State  Department, 
we  enjoyed  the  same  trade  treaties 
with  France  that  she  extended  to  such 
countries  as  Liberia,  Abyssinia  and 
Portugal.  Germany  had  a  preferential 
tariff  with  France  in  force  since  1871. 

France  would  willingly  favor  us  in 
this  connection  if  we  asked  it,  but 
despite  the  numerous  petitions  to  our 
authorities,  the  matter  has  been  con- 
siderered  too  trivial  for  consideration. 
This  same  story  is  true  of  the  majority 
of  nations  with  which  we  are  doing 
business.  Yet,  those  who  steer  our 
ship  of  state  refuse  to  see  any  need 
for  changes  of  any  kind  in  our  trea- 
ties. 

Our  much  talked  of  shipping  board 
has  not  yet  solved  the  vital  trade 
problems  before  them.  We  are  today 
almost  as  far  as  ever  from  having  the 
necessary  bottoms  to  get  our  goods  to 
foreign  markets.  We  have  not  yet : 
made  a  foreign  terminal  connection  in 
overseas  lands.  To  operate  our  own 
ships  so  that  we  may  land  goods  as 
cheaply  as  our  competitors  we  must 
have  docking  facilities,  literage  sys- 
tems, warehouses,  repair  shops,  dry- 
docks,  and  means  whereby  goods  may 
be  taken  from  ships  with  the  least  de- 
lays and  shipped  via  rail  into  the  in- 
terior. None  of  these  important  de- 1 
tails  of  shipping  have  been  worked 
out. 

Without  them  what  is  to  prevent 
competitors  from  delaying  the  dis- 
charge of  vessels  when  they  arrive  atj 
their  destinations,  until  demurrage 
and  other  charges  shall  have  accumu- 
lated against  the  goods  in  their  holds, 
so  that  markets  will  be  closed  to  us, 
despite  the  price  of  our  goods  and  the 
other  favorable  conditions  which  our 
salesmen  have  offered  customers? 
Without  our  merchants  being  able  to 
make  c.  i.  f.  quotations  to  foreign  buy- 
ers, we  can  never  hope  to  compete 
with  England  or  other  European  na- 
tions who  have  the  facilities  necessary 
to  do  so.  Should  this  condition  be 
allowed  to   exist  another  moment? 

Educational    Campaign 
Is  Needed  For  Bankers 

The  Treasury  Department  of  the 
United  States  should  begin  an  educa- 
tional campaign,  destined  to  instruct 
bankers  in  every  city,  town  and  ham- 
let throughout  the  land  regarding  the 
new  monetary  laws,  and  especially  how 
the  Federal  Reserve  act  can  help  the 
exporter  and  importer.  I  know  of  a  : 
small  manufacturer  in  a  little  city  in  j 
Iowa  who  was  obliged  to  turn  down 
an  order  for  $1,500  worth  of  goods 
from  China,  and  another  of  $900  from 
Guatemala,  because  he  did  not  know 
how  to  finance  his  order,  despite  the 
fact  that  his  home  bank  could  have 
rendered  him  every  service  necessary 
to  start  him  in  foreign  trade. 


September    19  19 


181 


BIRD'S   EYE   VIEW   OF  THE    BU  N  D— SHANGHAI,   CHINA 


Big  Construction  Era  in  Orient 

Hotels,    Factories,    Schools    and    Public  Works  Are  Among  the  Most  Immediate 

Needs  of  the  Far   East 


CHINA  has  reached  a  place  where 
she  needs  the  best  that  the 
United  States  can  send  forth  in  the 
way  of  construction  engineers  and  ma- 
terial for  building,  factories  and  ho- 
tels. 

There  probably  is  no  field  in  the 
world  where  large  modern  hotels  are 
needed  as  in  the  Far  East.  The  Chi- 
nese have  the  capital  to  go  ahead  and 
build  but  they  don't  know  how.  China 
lias  several  natural  cement  deposits, 
as  has  Japan,  so  that  so  far  as  cement 
is  concerned,  she  is  well  provided. 

China  is  ready  for  more  factory 
building,  such  as  canning  factories, 
cotton  spinning  and  weaving  works, 
aerated  water  factories,  gas  works,  ice 
and  cold  storage  plants,  iron  and  steel 
works,  leather  factories,  tanneries  and 
the  like,  match  factories,  oil  mills,  pa- 
per mills,  printing  and  lithographic 
works,  railway  works,  rope  factories, 
sugar  refineries,  tobacco  factories,  wa- 
ter works,  woollen  factories  and  ship- 
yards. 

Will  Raise  Chinese 
Earning     Capacity 

Development  along  these  lines  will 
mean  much  in  raising  the  earning  ca- 
pacity of  the  Chinese,  and  she  needs 
all  the  assistance  in  education  that  we 
can  give. 

How  best  to  develop  the  sale  of  the 
thousands  of  items  that  go  into  con- 
struction of  buildings  is  a  problem. 
My  own  opinion  is  that  it  should  be 
dune  in  the  Far  East  through  news- 
paper advertising,  showing  factories 
here  in  the  United  States  with  exterior 
and  interior  views  and  their  approxi- 
mate cost,  with  short  outlines  of  free 
architectural  assistance  to  any  Chinese 
interested  in  work  along  these  lines. 

No  American  manufacturer  of  steel 
construction  materials  for  use  in  con- 
crete building  construction  would 
make    a    mistake    in    having   his    own 


Bv  F.  H.  WILLIAMS 


offices  at  Shanghai,  Manila  and  a  few 
other  important  points. 

Needs  of  Philippines 
For  Public  Buildings 

The  Philippine  Government  must, 
sooner  or  later,  enter  into  great  con- 
struction plans  for  public  buildings. 
It  is  only  a  question  of  a  few  years 
now  when  they  will  need  a  new  post 
office  at  Manila,  a  Senate  and  an  As- 
sembly building  and  hundreds  of  other 
important  buildings  for  Government 
work  throughout  the  islands. 

The  Chinese  Government  sooner  or 
later,  must  start  the  construction  of 
thousands  of  school  buildings  through- 
out China,  and  in  this  respect  she  no 
doubt  will  follow  in  the  footsteps  of 
the  Philippine  Islands  and  erect  con- 
crete buildings. 

With  school  building  will  come  the 
opportunity  for  all  arteries  entering 
into  the  construction  thereof,  as  well 
as  the  particular  articles  needed  for 
schools,  such  as  steel  blackboards  and 
the  like. 

The  Philippine  Islands  are  still  us- 
ing the  composition  boards  in  the 
classrooms  and  these  are  eaten  up  by 
the  ants  and  do  not  last  at  the  most 
more  than  about  two  years.  In  some 
parts  of  the  Philippine  Islands  they 
must  be  renewed  every  year. 

With  schools  also  comes  the  oppor- 
tunity for  American  school  furniture, 
and  now  the  American  manufacturers 
of  school  furniture  should  begin  to 
advertise  in  the  Chinese  newspapers, 
so  that  when  China  gets  ready  our 
goods  will  be  ready  for  sale. 
Field  Is  Unlimited 
For  All  Construction 

Side  by  side  with  the  network  of 
railways  that  will  be  built  in  the  fu- 
ture in  the  Far  East,  we  will  see  mod- 
ern concrete  railway  stations.     All  of 


these  offer  their  opportunity  for  the 
use  of  many  items  manufactured  in 
the  United  States. 

Irrigation  schemes  will  not  depend 
upon  the  present  primitive  way  of  do- 
ing things  but  will  call  modern  ma- 
chinery into  use.  Oil  and  gas  en- 
gines, power  driven  rice  mills,  seed 
mills  and  the  like  will  come  into  wider 
use,  just  as  fast  as  the  American  man- 
ufacturer will  advertise  them  and 
bring  their  advantages  to  the  front  in 
these  markets. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  labor 
is  plentiful,  and  so  far  as  capital  is 
concerned,  that  throughout  the  Far 
East,  hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars 
in  gold  are  hoarded  away.  It  is  an 
educational  process  to  get  these  for- 
tunes into  the  open,  and  in  a  way  that 
the  Chinese  need  not  fear  the  expos- 
ing of  his  wealth. 

Increase    In    Mills 
Is    Need    In    India 

In  India  there  will  be  an  increase 
of  wool  mills,  tanneries,  sugar  factor- 
ies, sawmills,  paper  mills,  rope  mills, 
linseed  and  castor  oil  mills,  jute, 
presses,  flour  mills,  cotton  and  jute 
mills  and  printing  works.  As  one  goes 
over  the  list  and  compares  it  with 
China,  with  the  exception  of  sawmills, 
for  which  there  would  be  but  a  limited 
field  due  to  lack  of  lumber,  the  items 
are  about  the  same. 

However,  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 
where  there  is  plenty  of  lumber,  there 
is  a  big  opportunity  for  sawmills. 
Electrical  machinery  for  them  is  a 
most  important  item  in  all  of  these 
countries. 

Construction  of  some  kind  of  build- 
ing for  the  indigo  planters  offers  a 
wide  field  of  study  and  one  that  would 
•  prove  worth  while.  These  planters 
desire  to  keep  abreast  of  the  times  and 
have  the  money  to  pay  good  prices  for 
the  best  that  can  be  procured. 

(Continued  on  page  182) 


182 


Pan  Pacific 


Siam's  Opportunities 

Kingdom  Occupying  Strategic  Position  in  Asia  Has 
Need  of  American  Goods 


By  B.   T.  WARREN   SUMNER 

Siamese  Consul  in  New  York  City 

' — o — 

SIAM  is  little  known  to  the  average 
American  six  months  after  he 
stops  studying  geography  in  school. 
As  a  rule  it  is  associated  with  white 
elephants  and  Siamese  twins. 

I  might  mention  an  incident  which 
occurred  a  short  time  ago  when  I  had 
a  package  to  send  to  Bangkok.  I  took 
it  to  the  general  office  of  one  of  the 
large  express  companies  and  asked  the 
rate  for  forwarding  it.  After  waiting 
for  some  time  I  discovered  that  the 
clerk,  a  man  of  about  forty  years  of 
age,  was  looking  up  the  tariffs  of  Cen- 
tral and  South  America  for  the  town 
of  Bangkok. 

A  few  facts  about  Siam  might  be 
of  interest,  therefore,  as  so  few  people 
have  ever  stopped  to  consider  the  im- 
portant position  that  this  country  oc- 
cupies in  Asia.  Siam  is  bounded  by 
Burmah  on  the  west,  French  Indo- 
China  on  the  east,  the  Federated  Ma- 
lay States  on  the  south  and  China  on 
the  north,  and  is  not  nearly  so  small 
a  country  as  most  people  imagine.  In 
fact  Siam  is  larger  than  Belgium, 
Greece,  Portland,  Montenegro,  Cuba, 
Hayti  and  Panama  combined  and  only 
a  trifle  smaller  than  Germany,  al- 
though its  population  is  only  a  little 
more  than  9,000,000. 

An     Industrious     Race 
and    Eager    to     Learn 

The  Siamese  people  are  essentially 
a  peace  loving  and  industrious  race 
and  the  industries  of  the  country  have 
shown  marvelous  development  within 
the  last  few  years,  largely  owing  to 
the  wonderful  influence  of  the  king, 
who,  because  of  his  European  educa- 
tion, has  had  the  foresight  to  obtain 
the  services  of  men  fully  qualified  to 
lead  his  people  and  introduce  modern 
methods  and  ideas  throughout  the 
country. 

The  currency  of  Siam  is  based  on 
the  tical,  which  is  equivalent  to  about 
36  cents  in  United  States  gold.  The 
chief  export  commodity  is  rice,  the 
average  value  of  which  for  the  past 
five  years  being  about  94,000,000  ticals. 
Teakwood  comes  next,  and  during 
1917-18  the  value  of  this  wood  ex- 
ported from  Siam  was  5,148,966  ticals. 
Other  goods,  consisting  principally  of 
ivory,  coffee,  tobacco,  pepper,  nut- 
megs and  other  spices,  kapok,  cotton 
and  vegetable  fibres,  rubber,  resin,  da- 
mar  and  tin  and  zinc  ores,  are  also 
exported. 

I  believe  there  is  an  excellent  op- 
portunity for  American  concerns  deal- 


ing in  any  of  the  above  products  to 
purchase  them  very  advantageously 
from  the  producers  in  Siam.  In  fact 
this  has  been  brought  forcefully  to  my 
attention  within  the  last  few  months 
by  the  large  number  of  letters  I  have 
received  and  also  from  the  number  of 
passports  I  have  had  to  vise  for  rep- 
resentatives of  concerns  who  wish  to 
visit  Siam  with  the  object  of  purchas- 
ing some  of  the  articles  mentioned. 

As  regards  selling  articles  of  Amer- 
ican manufacture  in  Siam,  without 
question  there  is  a  good  field  for 
American  export  houses.  Siam  has  for 
many  years  purchased  a  great  part  of 
its  imports  from  Germany,  a  large  per- 
centage of  which  was  of  inferior 
grade.  I  was  told  recently  by  a  Sia- 
mese merchant  that  Germany  consid- 
ered Siam  and  China  dumping  grounds 
for  everything  that  they  could  not  dis- 
pose of  elsewhere. 

The  import  duties  of  Siam  are  very 
low,  there  being  a  flat  duty  of  3  per 
cent  ad  valorem  on  all  articles  except 
beer,  wine  and  spirituous  liquors, 
which  are  assessed  at  8  per  cent  ad 
valorem ;  if  under  the  strength  of  25 
degrees  duty  is  paid  as  of  the  strength 
of  25  degrees,  and  if  25  degrees  or 
over  the  duty  is  at  the  rate  of  1.6  sa- 
tangs  a  degree  per  litre.  Treasure, 
gold  leaf  and  opium  are  exempt  from 
duty,  but  opium  can  be  imported  only 
under  a  special  permit  from  the  Gov- 
ernment. 

J  have  frequently  been  asked  what 
articles  are  imported  into  Siam  and 
the  briefest  answer  I  can  give  is: 
"Practically  everything,  as  very  little 
is  manufactured  in  the  country." 
Not  So  Difficult 
To  Transport  Goods 

The  transportation  of  American  mer- 
chandise to  Siam  is  not  nearly  so  diffi- 
cult as  many  think,  and  though  a  large 
percentage  of  the  goods  sent  from  the 
United  States  to  Siam  has  to  be  trans- 
shipped either  at  Hong  Kong  or  Singa- 
pore, there  are  several  steamship  con- 
cerns which  have  frequent  sailings  for 
those  ports  and  which  in  most  cases 
will  issue  a  through  bill  of  lading  to 
Bangkok. 

The  reason  for  the  necessity  of 
transshipping  at  Hong  Kong  is  that 
the  amount  of  cargo  offered  does  not 
make  it  remunerative  for  ship  owners 
to  send  steamers  to  Bangkok,  or  at 
least  as  near  thereto  as  possible,  as 
the  depth  of  water  and  the  harbor  fa- 
cilities cannot  accommodate  large 
steamers.  The  vessels  used  for  trans- 
shipment are  never  more  than  3,000 
tons    deadweight    and    the    time    con- 


sumed is  about  one  week  from  Hong 
Kong  to  Bangkok  and  four  days  from 
Singapore. 

The  Siamese  Government  recently 
built  what  is  known  as  the  Southern 
Railway,  which,  I  understand,  is  now 
completed  and  will,  in  the  case  of  mail 
and  passenger  traffic,  save  about  one 
week  between  the  United  States  and 
Bangkok. 

I  might  add  that  there  are  a  number 
of  steamers  going  to  Bangkok  an- 
nually and  often  shipments  can  be 
made  direct.  In  the  year  1917-18 
1,009  steamers  were  entered  at  the 
custom  house  at  Bangkok.  The  na- 
tionality of  some  of  these  steamers 
might  be  of  interest  and  is  as  follows: 
British,  215;  Chinese,  168;  Dutch,  45; 
French,  37;  Norwegian,  287,  and  Sia- 
mese 168.  The  remainder  were  di- 
vided between  other  countries.  Only 
three  American  vessels  entered  Bang- 
kok during  1917-18. 


Orient  Needs  the  Best 

(Continued  from   page  181) 


Roofing  materials  are  in  great  de- 
mand in  all  parts  of  the  Far  East.  In 
fact  this  market  starts  at  the  Ha- 
waiian Islands,  goes  to  Australia  and 
New  Zealand  and  travels  to  India,  up 
through  the  Straits  Settlements,  on  to 
China  and  then  right  up  to  Russia, 
over  to  Alaska,  down  into  Canada  and 
back  to  the  doors  of  the  American 
manufacturer. 

Skeletons  for  concrete  structures 
are  a  big  item,  and  this  business  alone 
could  be  developed  into  millions  of 
dollars  annually  for  the  American 
manufacturer. 

Retaining  walls  for  canals  is  an- 
other important  item  in  the  Far  East. 
It  is  all  a  matter  of  education,  and  in 
China  it  can  be  done  through  adver- 
tising in  the  native  newspapers. 

Metal  ceiling  would  prove  a  good 
seller  in  the  Far  East;  in  China  again 
particularly  if  the  American  manufac- 
turer would  develop  the  dragon  de- 
sign or  flower  designs  of  Chinese 
flowers. 

Conduits  and  culverts  for  telephone 
and  telegraph  systems  offer  a  wide 
field,  all  worth  developing.  Referring 
to  China,  of  course,  I  refer  only  to  the 
cities  of  Hong  Kong,  Shanghai,  Tien- 
tsin and  Pekin.  One  will  understand 
that  in  the  smaller  cities  of  China 
there  is  at  present  but  little  field  for 
telephone  work  that  could  not  be  car- 
ried over  telegraph  poles  and  wires. 

Articles  that  would  enter  into  the 
construction  of  shipbuilding  yards 
would  find  a  large  sale  in  both  Shang- 
hai and  Hong  Kong,  at  Hankow  and 
at  Tientsin.  This  is  also  true  of  al- 
most every  important  city  of  the  Far 
East.  Shipbuilding  also  offers  a  won- 
derful opportunity  to  the  American 
shipbuilding  concerns. 


September    19  19 


183 


LARGEST    DEPARTMENT   STORE    IN    ASIA    HAS    FORTY    DEPARTMENTS    AND   CARRIES  AMERICAN   GOODS 


I"T  may  be  surprising  to  untravelled 
'■*■  Americans   to    learn   that   in   China 
:  are  department  stores  as  modern  and 
i  comprehensive  as  any  to  be  found  in 
New    York,    Chicago    and    San    Fran- 
cisco.    Herewith   is  an   illustration  of 
one  of  the  latest  and  most  modern  of 
LChinese  emporiums,  presented  on  this 
page  as  proof  that  Chinese  merchants 
I  are  not  lacking  in  business  enterprise 
and  acumen. 

The  view  presented  is  that  of  the 
Shanghai  department  store  building 
of  Wing  On  Co.  Ltd.,  opened  in  Sep- 
tember 1918  and  said  to  be  the  largest 
and  most  complete  shop  on  the  Asiatic 
continent.  This  great  enterprise,  rep- 
resenting an  investment  of  $3,500,000, 
is  owned,  financed  and  managed  en- 
tirely by  Chinese  merchants. 

F.  T.  Young,  general  manager  of 
Wing  On  Co.,  recently  arrived  in  the 
United  States  to  purchase  goods  and 
'while  in  San  Francisco  called  to  pay 
ihis  respects  at  the  office  of  Pan  Pa- 
cific, copies  of  which  are  on  sale  in  his 


"Rig  Store."  From  him  the  photo- 
graph and  accompanying  data  were 
obtained. 

This  modern  establishment  is  lo- 
cated at  Nanking  and  Chekiang  roads 
in  the  business  heart  of  Shanghai.  It 
occupies  one  square  block,  more  than 
two  hundred  feet  square,  the  main 
building  being  six  stories  in  height 
with  an  up-to-date  hotel  annex,  the 
Great  Eastern,  owned  by  the  same 
company. 

Wing  On  Co.,  like  Whiteley's  in 
London,  will  sell  anything  on  which  it 
receives  an  order.  It  is  stocked  very 
largely  with  American  goods,  though 
it  carries  British,  French  and  other 
lines  for  which  there  is  any  demand. 
Among  the  American  merchandise 
may  be  found  California  canned  goods, 
provisions,  confectionery,  hardware 
sundries,  boots  and  shoes,  piece  goods, 
notions,  furnishings,  wearing  apparel, 
dress  goods,  haberdashery,  jewelry, 
cutlery,  silverware,  glassware,  pottery 
and  electrical  goods. 


Last  year  the  retail  business  ex- 
ceeded $5,000,000.  The  American 
goods  are  bought  mostly  in  New  York, 
Chicago  and  San  Francisco.  The  store 
is  patronized  by  tourists,  by  mission- 
aries throughout  the  Orient  and  Far 
East  and  by  Chinese.  There  are  40 
different  departments  and  650  regular 
employees,  the  sales  force  being  com- 
posed entirely  of  Chinese  youths.  De- 
liveries are  made  by  motor  lorries  of 
American  manufacture. 

Wing  On  Co.  have  a  branch  store  in 
Hong  Kong  and  other  branches 
throughout  China  are  possibilities  of 
the  future.  The  company  also  manu- 
factures silverware  and  has  its  own 
silk  mills,  being  ra  large  exporter  of 
silks  and  other  Chinese  goods.  The 
Great  Eastern  Hotel,  which  it  owns 
and  operates,  is  modern  throughout, 
with  baths,  electric  light,  elevators  and 
other  American  comforts  and  conven- 
iences. It  caters  to  the  best  class  of 
tourist  trade. 


184 


Pan   Pacific 


Manila  a  Great  Shipping  Center 

Philippines  Government,  With  Aid  of  Strong  American  Organization,   Plans  To 

Make  It   Distributing  Port   for  the  Far   East 


THE  Government  of  the  Philippines 
and  prominent  business  interests, 
with  the  strong  support  of  the  Bureau 
of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce 
and  other  organizations  in  the  United 
States,  are  making  efforts  to  cause  the 
necessary  steps  to  be  taken  to  make 
Manila  a  great  transshipping  and  dis- 
tributing center  for  American  products 
in  the  Orient  and  thus  liberate  our 
commerce  from  its  present  dependence 
on  Hong  Kong,  Shanghai,  Kobe,  Yoko- 
hama and  Singapore. 

The  natural  advantages  of  Manila 
are  very  great,  as  it  has  an  excellent 
harbor,  and  there  is  a  population  of 
nearly  126,000,000  within  a  radius  of 
1,700  miles  (a  little  over  half  the  dis- 
tance across  the  United  States),  while 
within  a  radius  of  3,500  miles  there 
are  the  760,000,000  souls  of  China,  Ja- 
pan, India  and  other  Oriental  coun- 
tries, whose  combined  purchasing 
power  is  even  now  enormous  and  will 
be  increased  immensely  in  the  near 
future  through  inevitable  industrial 
and  economic  development. 


By  C.  C.  BATCHELDER 

Assistant  Chief,  Far  Eastern  Division, 

Bureau  of  Foreign  and  Domestic 

Commerce 

Even  now  the  total  commerce  with 
the  United  States  of  French  Indo- 
China,  Siam,  Straits  Settlements  and 
the  Dutch  East  Indies,  which  would 
naturally  be  served  by  Manila, 
amounted  in  1918  to  $278*,712,748,  to 
which  should  be  added  the  commerce 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,  of  $126,526,- 
500,  or  a  total  of  $405,239,248,  which 
will  undoubtedly  be  tremendously  in- 
creased by  the  determined  efforts 
which  our  manufacturers  are  making 
to  push  their  sales  in  Oriental  markets. 

While  no  one  imagines  that  the  bulk 
of  this  trade  will  pass  through  Manila, 
nevertheless  a  substantial  proportion 
might  do  so  under  favorable  condi- 
tions, as  the  greater  part  of  the  huge 
commerce   of  Hong   Kong   and   Singa- 


ON    THE    PASIG    RIVER    AT    MANILA 


pore  consists  merely  of  transshipments 
from  larger  transoceanic  vessels  into 
the  smaller  craft  which  distribute  the 
goods  to  the  innumerable  small  ports 
which  serve  the  consuming  population. 

Terminal  Advantages 
Of  Other  Great  Ports 
Hong  Kong,  Singapore,  Shanghai, 
Kobe  and  Yokohama  have  advantages 
in  location  in  being  the  termini  of 
many  established  steamship  lines  and 
in  attracting  tramp  vessels  by  the  cer- 
tainty of  being  able  to  secure  return 
cargoes  to  almost  any  destination.  If, 
however,  Manila  were  to  be  favored 
by  the  Shipping  Board  in  the  way  of 
freight  rates  and  steamer  facilities  it 
could  soon  build  up  a  most  profitable 
trade  in  transshipments  to  French 
Indo-China,  the  Dutch  East  Indies, 
Malaysia  and  other  neighboring  places, 
whose  trade  at  present  cannot  handle 
to  advantage  full  cargoes  of  our  mis- 
cellaneous manufactures. 

Superior   port   facilities    and    labor 
"saving  devices  often,  as  is  well  known, 
more  than  compensate  for  the  natural 
advantages  of  rival  harbors,  and  Ma- 
nila  is  already  engaged  in  carrying  out 
plans  which  will  place  her  in  the  front 
rank,  as  some  of  her  competitors  have 
inadequate  wharfage  facilities,  so  that, 
many  vessels  have  to  lie  out  in  the  har--, 
bors  and  load  and  unload  with  lighters. 

Safety  For  Shipping 
In     Manila     Harbor 

Manila  Bay  is  a  good  harbor  in  it-* 
self,    and    the    construction    of    an    ad-J 
equate  breakwater  increases  the  safety 
for    shipping.       The    main    harbor    is 
dredged  to  a  depth  of  30  feet,  which 
can    be    increased    if    necessary.     The, 
Philippine     Government     has     already 
spent    about    $7,000,000    in    improving 
its    facilities,    including    the    construe-? 
tion  of  three  large  reenforced  concretJ 
piers,  measuring  70x600  feet,  with  am- 
ple covered  sheds  for  storage,  at  which 
the   largest   steamers   now   in   use    can 
dock  with  ease. 

A  new  reenforced  concrete  pier  if* 
now  under  construction,  750  feet  long, 
and  210  feet  wide,  with  110,000  square 
feet  under  cover,  designed  to  be  the 
finest  west  of  San  Francisco.  This 
will  accommodate  four  vessels  at  once 
and  will  be  equipped  with  the  most 
modern  machinery,  including  a  sprink- 
ler system  and  two  great  travelling 
cranes,   mounted  on  rails,   which   will 


September    19/9 


185 


enable    vessels    to    load    and    unload 
twice    as   rapidly   as   at   present,    thus 
decreasing  operating  expenses  by  less- 
ening the  unprofitable  delays  in  port. 
Labor      Saving      Devices 
Will    Give    Manila    Lead 
It  is  clearly  recognized  that  we  can 
only  compete  with  our  trade  rivals  by 
cutting  down  the  cost  of  operation  by 
labor  saving  devices,  and  while  these 
facilities   will   be   of   great   assistance, 
the  success  of  two  other  projects  will 
put  Manila  far  in  the  lead  of  any  other 
Oriental  port. 

The  first  of  these  is  the  construction 
of  direct  terminal  connections  between 
the  piers  and  the  railroad,  and  the  sec- 
ond is  making  the  port  district  a  free 
port  like  Singapore  and  Hong  Kong. 
While  goods  of  American  origin  can 
now  be  imported  and  exported  free  of 
duty,  yet  the  customs  formalities  re- 
quired cause  very  considerable  trou- 
ble, expense  and  delay,  and  so  an  at- 
tempt is  being  made  to  secure  the 
necessary  legislation  to  build  up  a 
great  free  port. 

The  comparatively  unused  port  dis- 
trict area,  made  by  filling  the  flats 
with  the  material  dredged  from  the 
iharbor,  is  ideal  for  the  purpose,  and 
■with  relatively  little  cost  can  be 
adapted  to  all  requirements.  It  is 
planned  not  only  to  have  warehouses 
for  storing,  regrading,  repacking  and 
reshipping  American  products  destined 
to  .other  countries,  but  also  to  erect 
factories  in  this  district  for  the  manu- 
facture of  raw  materials  from  any  part 
of  the  globe  into  articles  required  by 
international  trade. 

Government  Taking  Hand 
In  Free  Port  Project 
Manila  business  men  are  enterpris- 
ing, are  straining  every  nerve  to  de- 
velop the  resources  of  the  country, 
and  are  being  assisted  by  the  Insular 
Grovernment,  which  has  a  system  of 
nspection  of  the  exports  of  tobacco 
ind  hemp  for  the  purpose  of  maintain- 
ng  a  uniform  high  standard  of  qual- 

ty 

Tli ere  are  now  over  755  miles  of  rail- 

oad   in  operation   in  the  Philippines, 

Imd  the  innumerable  bays  afford  most 

xcellent  means  for  water  transporta- 

ion.  ;    !'*!'| 

American  commerce  in  the  Orient  is 
it  present  largely  dependent  upon  the 
Hips,  ports  and  trade  facilities  con- 
rolled  by  our  trade  rivals,  and  it 
vould  be  too  much  to  expect  them  to 
insist  us  deliberately  in  competing  with 
hem.  We  need  American  distribution 
(inters  and  ports  to  use  to  the  best 
advantage  the  American  shipping 
.Inch  has  already  been  provided  by 
nr  Government,  and  in  Manila  we 
ave  just  what  is  required. 

All  that  is  necessary  is  the  co-opera- 
"m  of  the  American  and  Philippine 
livernments  with  our  shipping,  man- 
i'acturing     and     importing     business 


Java  Offers  Field 
for  American  Goods 


By  F.  R.  ELDRIDGE,  Jr. 

Chief,  Far  Eastern  Division  Bureau  of 

Foreign   and   Domestic    Commerce 


THE  situation  in  the  Dutch  East 
Indies  is  not  complicated  by  any 
lack  of  local  capital  nor  any  scarcity 
of  return  cargo.  On  the  other  hand, 
this  colony  is  already  selling  us  much 
more  than  it  is  buying  from  us,  for  it 
has  supplied  us  with  just  the  raw  ma- 
terials we  need. 

The  question  arises,  can  we  supply 
the  Dutch  East  Indies  with  just  the 
manufactured  goods  they  need  in  re- 
turn? That  we  can  make  these  goods 
and  sell  them  to  some  extent  now  in 
the  Dutch  East  Indies  is  not  a  suffi- 
cient answer.  Nor  is  it  enough  to  say 
that  we  should  get  "our  share"  of  the 
total  trade.  Until  we  sell  the  Dutch 
East  Indies  as  much,  dollar  for  dollar, 
as  we  purchase  from  them  we  are  not 
taking  full  advantage  of  the  favorable 
situation  which  exists. 

Problem  of  Selling 
At  Present  Baffling 

The  very  simplicity  of  this  selling 
problem  is  baffling.  Perhaps  it  could 
be  said  that  the  same  principles  which 
make  for  successful  salesmanship  in 
Kansas  hold  good  in  Java,  but  this 
would  be  only  part  of  the  truth.  This 
knowledge  could  be  taken  as  a  ground 
work,  but  each  class  of  goods  in  Java 
presents  a  separate  problem  in  the 
solution  of  which  the  mere  knowledge 
of  the  general  rules  of  the  game  do 
not  suffice.  Thus,  in  order  to  be  suc- 
cessful in  the  sale  of  dyestuffs  it  is 
necessary  to  know  something  of  the 
native  botik,  or  piece  goods  industry, 
which  is  quite  different  from  any 
weaving  industry  in  this  country. 

The  sale  of  sugar  machinery  cannot 
be  consummated  by  simply  talking  and 
demonstrating  in  the  same  manner  that 
we  are  familiar  with  in  the  sale  of 
similar  machinery  either  in  the  United 
States  or  in  some  foreign  countries. 
And  so  examples  might  be  added  in- 
definitely, all  of  which  would  show 
that  the  selling  problem  in  the  Dutch 
East  Indies  is  somewhat  different  in 
every  line  from  anything  within  our 
ordinary  experience. 

Dutch  Cautious  Buyers 
Of   American   Products 

Whether  this  is  because  of  the  cli- 
mate, the  people  or  the  tradition  or  a 
little  mixture  of  each  is  for  the  psy- 
chologist  to    decide.     What   the   busi- 


ness man  is  interested  in  is  just  how 
these  differences  affect  his  business. 
In  the  sale  of  machinery,  iron  and 
steel,  plantation  hardware  and  acces- 
sories and  the  like  he  must  expect  to 
meet  the  conservative  Dutch  importer 
or  plantation  owner  who  has  long  been 
catered  to  by  European  houses,  and 
who  knows  nothing  of  America  or 
American  methods  except  what  he  has 
read  in  books. 

This  has  been  very  wide,  for  the 
Dutch  colonial  finds  time  heavy  on  his 
hands,  with  few  of  the  diversions  af- 
forded by  other  climates,  and  is  a  care- 
ful reader  of  American  magazines  of 
the  better  grade,  and  forms  a  pretty 
accurate  idea  of  American  customs 
and  products  from  them.  This  read- 
ing, however,  teaches  him  nothing  of 
American  business  methods,  and  these 
he  must  learn  from  first  hand  experi- 
ence with  American  business  houses. 
The  insignificant  mistakes,  therefore, 
that  are  occasionally  made  by  our  pio- 
neers loom  large  when  translated  into 
dollars  and  cents  by  the  Dutch  col- 
onial, while  to  our  exporter  they  are 
merely  an  incident  in  a  busy  day. 
Chinese  Jobbers  Astute 
and  Live  up  to  Contract 

But  there  is  another  class  of  trad- 
ers which  deals  in  all  the  smaller  ar- 
ticles of  commerce,  such  as  household 
goods,-  small  hardware,  piece  goods, 
etc.,  and  this  is  a  group  of  Chinese  job- 
bers and  importers.  These  Chinese  have 
sometimes  been  in  the  islands  for  many 
years,  sometimes  for  generations,  and 
in  many  cases  have  accumulated  large 
amounts  of  wealth.  They  are  astute, 
dependable  business  men,  who  live  up 
to  the  letter  of  every  contract,  and 
expect  us  to  do  the  same.  Their  word 
is  as  good  as  thejr  bond,  for  once 
they  have  lost  "face"  they  can  never 
regain  a  position  of  respect.  Their 
own  code  is  their  best  security. 

These  intermediaries  sometimes  im- 
port direct  and  distribute  to  the  vari- 
ous retail  markets,  and  sometimes  act 
only  as  jobbers  and  distributors.  This 
often  depends  upon  the  character  of 
the  goods.  In  the  best  German  lines 
before  the  war  the  agency  was  gener- 
ally placed  with  a  large  Dutch  house 
through  its  Holland  office.  In  this 
case  the  Chinese  simply  act  as  dis- 
tributors. 

Commercially  these  are  the  only  two 

groups  of  Dutch  East  Indian  traders 

with  whom  American  exporters  are  at 

all   likely   to   have    much   intercourse, 

(Continued  on  page  194) 


186 


Pan  Pacific 


British  Malaya  Ready  for  Trade 

People  Are  Prosperous  and  There  is  a  Growing  Demand  For  Foreign  Goods  With 

Leaning  Toward  American 


A  S  business  men  of  British  Malaya 
■*•  *■  and  the  community  in  general 
are  kindly  disposed  toward  Americans, 
this  seems  to  be  an  opportune  time  for 
the  establishment  of  trade  between 
that  country  and  the  United  States, 
especially  as  the  people  are  prosperous 
and  there  is  a  growing  demand  for 
foreign  goods. 

The  purchasing  power  of  the  Pe- 
nang  district  is  very  considerable,  as 
indicated  by  the  exports  to  the  United 
States,  wyhich  alone  during  1918 
amounted  to  more  than  $82,000,000, 
notwithstanding  the  scarcity  of  ton- 
nage. The  principal  articles  exported 
to  the  United  States  are  tin,  rubber, 
copra,  tapioca  and  patchouli  leaves 
(used  in  making  perfumery),  but  our 
markets  do  not  demand  large  quanti- 
ties of  cloves,  pepper,  nutmegs  and 
other  spices,  mangrove  bark  and  other 
local  products  which  could  be  ex- 
ported. 

Detailed  specifications  of  the  im- 
ports into  the  Penang  district  from 
the  United  States  are  not  available, 
and  if  they  were  they  would  not  be 
entirely  accurate,  as  much  of  the  com- 
merce of  this  region  is  carried  on  by 
rail  and  local  steamships  through 
Singapore. 

Straits   Settlements 
Imports  from  U.  S.  A. 

An  idea  of  the  nature  of  this  trade 
can,  however,  be  gained  from  a  study 
of  the  statistics  of  the  Straits  Settle- 
ments, which  imported  from  the 
United  States  in  1917  goods  to  the 
amount  of  $9,446,071,  against  $6,776,- 
812  in  1916. 

These  imports  in  1917  included  the 
following:  Bacon  and  hams,  books  and 
maps,  boots  and  shoes,  bottles,  brass 
ware,  building  and  roofing  materials, 
butter  and  cheese,  cabinet  ware,  can- 
vas, cards  (playing),  chains  and  an- 
chors, chemicals,  clocks  and  watches, 
confectionery,  copperware,  corrugated 
iron,  cotton  piece  goods,  cutlery  and 
hardware,  druggists'  and  dentists' 
sundries,  drugs  and  medicines,  engines 
and  boilers,  fancy  goods,  toys  and 
sporting  materials ;  fruits,  preserved 
and  dried;  glass  and  glassware,  India 
rubber  goods  (including  tires),  iron 
bars,  nails,  ironware  (excluding  cook- 
ing utensils),  lamps  and  lampware, 
lard,  leatherware,  lubricating  oil,  elec- 
trical and  other  machinery,  milk,  con- 
densed and  sterilized ;  motor  cars, 
cycles,  etc. ;  musical  instruments ;  oil, 
petroleum;  oilmen's  stores,  paints,  pa- 
per, machinery  and  paper  goods;  per- 
fumery, photographic  and  cinemato- 
graph materials,  railway  and  tramway 


By  a  Par  Eastern  Correspondent 
of  the  Bureau  of  Foreign  and 
Domestic   Commerce 
— o — 
materials,  sewing  machines,  silk  piece 
goods,  soap  and  soda,  steel,  tinplate, 
tobacco,    cigars   and    cigarettes;    tools 
and  implements,  wearing  apparel,  ho- 
siery,   etc. ;    wire    rope,    woodenware, 
wooden  cloth. 

Necessary     to     Study 
Tastes  and  Conditions 

While  little  increase  can  be  ex- 
pected in  the  demand  for  a  number  of 
these  articles,  which  are  used  only  by 
the  small  European  and  wealthy  Chi- 
nese and  native  population,  in  many 
cases  an  energetic  sales  campaign  in 
certain  lines  would  probably  show 
good  results,  provided  a  careful  study 
were  made  of  local  conditions  and  of 
the  customs  and  tastes  of  the  popula- 
tion. 

It  might  be  well  to  investigate  with 
care  the  trade  in  sewing  thread,  knit 
underwear,  hosiery,  cheap  cotton 
blankets,  cotton  piece  goods,  cotton 
handkerchiefs,  prints  and  other  tex- 
tiles, boots  and.  shoes,  metal  and  enam- 
eled table  and  cooking  utensils,  wood- 
enware, glassware,  crockery  and  por- 
celain, cutlery  and  hardware,  clocks 
and  watches,  sewing  machines,  paints, 
soaps,  medicines,  drugs  and  chemicals, 
motor  cars  and  trucks,  nails  and  iron- 
ware, tools  and  implements,  electrical 
and  steam  machinery  of  various  kinds, 
especially  for  railroads,  mines  and  ag- 
riculture ;  tin  plate,  dry  and  salted  fish 
and  condensed  milk,  butter  and  can- 
ned goods  of  various  kinds. 

It  may  be  possible  to  sell  some 
glass,  crockery  or  metal  cups  for  tap- 
ping rubber  trees.  Considerable  quan- 
tities of  all  these  articles  are  supplied 
by  other  countries.  The  resumption 
of  building  operations,  almost  entirely 
suspended  during  the  war,  is  likely  to 
create  a  demand  for  corrugated  iron, 
structural  steel  and  other  classes  of 
building  materials. 

Few  Customs  Duties 
Exacted    in    Penang 

Trade  is  favored  by  the  absence  of 
customs  duties  in  Penang,  except  on 
intoxicating  liquors,  opium,  petroleum, 
cigars,  cigarettes  and  tobacco. 

The  import  business  in  this  district 
is  carried  on  largely  by  local  British 
and  Chinese  importers,  who  "indent" 
or  order  from  abroad  the  goods  which 
their  retail  customers  desire.  The  lat- 
ter are  almost  entirely  Chinese,  and 
local  commission  houses  perform  a  use- 
ful service  in  consolidating  small  or- 
ders,   financing   the    transactions   and 


conducting  correspondence,  while  sev- 
eral export  agencies  have  built  up  ex- 
tensive businesses  by  working  the  ter- 
ritory systematically.  Few  concerns, 
however,  specialize  in  particular  lines 
and  most  of  them  are  willing  to  han- 
dle anything  in  which  there  is  a  profit. 
While  good  results  may  be  secured 
by  corresponding  with  local  mer- 
chants, whose  names  may  be  secured 
through  the  Bureau  of  Foreign  and 
Domestic  Commerce,  and  sending  di- 
rectly to  them  catalogues  and  other 
printed  matter,  visits  from  American 
commercial  travellers  would  certainly 
be  more  effective  in  establishing  defi- 
nite relations.  Arrangements  for  joint 
representatives  in  non-competing  lines 
might  be  made  by  American  manufac- 
turers who  prefer  not  to  sell  through 
commission  houses  and  whose  foreign 
trade  is  not  extensive  enough  to  war- 
rant the  expense  of  a  travelling  sales- 
man of  their  own. 

Advertising  Is  Advisable 
To  Create  Local  Demand 

As  most  of  the  purchases  are  made 
by  consumers  at  scattered  plantations 
and  mines,  it  has  been  found  that  the 
best  way  to  increase  business  is  by  ju- 
dicious local  advertising  in  the  daily 
papers,  supplemented  by  wall  posters 
and  circulars.  The  local  dealers  ex-j 
pect  the  manufacturers  to  bear  at  least 
part  of  the  expense  involved,  and  some 
of  the  enterprising  Chinese  retailers 
have  secured  good  results  for  their 
American  connections  by  carrying  ad- 
ditional advertisements  on  their  own 
account  and  by  sending  out  hundreds 
of  letters.  Many  of  these  Chinese 
merchants  are  most  energetic  and  effi- 
cient in  their  methods  of  distribution 
and  have  built  up  a  large  trade  in 
American  products  throughout  the 
Straits  Settlements  and  the  Federated 
Malay  States. 

Some  of  the  prominent  business  men 
from  Penang  are  planning  to  visit  the 
United  States  in  order  to  secure  agen- 
cies for  the  sale  of  larger  lines  of 
American  products,  and  it  is  hoped 
that  our  exporters  will  take  advantage 
of  this  opportunity  to  establish  closer 
relations  with  this  relatively  unknown 
market.  The  Bureau  of  Foreign  and 
Domestic  Commerce  will  afford  every 
possible  assistance  through  its  district 
offices  to  those  who  wish  to  come  in 
contact  with  these  visitors,  and  if  our 
exporting  houses  send  representatives 
to  study  the  requirements  of  this  field, 
a  considerable  increase  in  trade  be- 
tween the  two  countries  may  be  con- 
fidently expected. 


September    19  19 


187 


Mexico  Making  Progress 

In  Spite  of  Unjustified  Calumnies  Republic  is 
Developing  Immense  Resources 


LAZARD    BASCH 

N  spite  of  the  cruel,  unfounded  and 
unjustified  calumnies  daily  poured 
towards  Mexico  by  those  who  desire 
to  make  more  valuable  their  millions 
of  acres  of  land,  or  who,  seeing  Mex- 
ico's immense  quantities  of  the  greatly 
needed  and  always  in  more  demand 
"Black  Liquid  Gold"  (oil),  would  like 
to  make  same  their  own  private  Mecca, 
Mexico,  in  spite  of  all,  laboriously, 
seriously  and  honestly  goes  ahead  in 
developing  her  immense  resources  and 
will  soon  demonstrate  that  she  is  in 
reality  today  the  treasure  house  of  the 
world. 

On  September  16th  Mexico  will  cele- 
brate the  one  hundred  and  ninth  an- 
niversary of  the  revolt  against  Spain, 
led  by  one  of  the  most  remarkable 
personalities  in  the  history  of  the 
American  Republics — Miguel  Hidalgo 
y  Costella,  a  priest  of  the  parish  of 
Dolores  in  the  State  of  Guanajuato. 
The  struggle  for  independence  thus 
begun  was  the  signal  for  a  series  of 
'conflicts  which  finally  resulted  in  the 
formal  declaration  of  independence 
of  1821. 

Spain's  Fatal  Mistake 

BCost  Her  Possessions 
Spain's  fatal  mistake  in  Mexico,  as 
,in  all  the  other  countries  of  Latin 
America,  consisted  in  her  utter  inabil- 
ity to  appreciate  the  possibility  of 
maintaining  her  influence  through 
some  means  other  than  political  domi- 
nation. Her  attempts  to  regain  this 
ontrol  only  served  to  increase  the 
*iatred  of  the  native  population.  Had 
me  accepted  political  separation  as  an 
nevitable  and  accomplished  fact,  and 
oncentrated  her  efforts  on  the 
jitrengthening  of  her  moral  and  intel- 
ectual  influence  over  the  revolted  col- 
>nies,  she  would  have  remained  the 
,'reat  spiritual  power  of  the  New 
World. 

The  elimination  of  Spain  as  an  in- 
•illectual  force  in  the  destinies  of 
Mexico  opened  the  door  to  new  influ- 


By  LAZARO  BASCH 
Commercial  Agent  of  the  Secretary  of 

Industry,    Commerce    and    Labor, 
Mexico     (representing    in    San 
Francisco,   Cal.,  the  Mexican 
Products  Exhibition). 
— o — 
ences  which   immediately  made  them- 
selves felt.     Like  so  many  other  coun- 
tries of  Latin  America,  Mexico  turned 
to   Prance   for    intellectual    guidance. 
During   the   last   century   Prance    has 
furnished   the   models  for  educational 
organization.      Not  only  have  French 
pedagogical    methods    dominated    the 
system  of  public  instruction,  but  text- 
books modeled  after  French  standards 
have  been  used  in  both  the  lower  and 
higher   grades.     In   fact,   in   both   the 
secondary  and  higher  schools  the  same 
text-books   are   used  in   the   "lycees" 
and  universities  of  France. 

Increase    in     Trade 
Greatest  With  U.  S. 

The  extension  of  French  intellectual 
influence  was  accompanied  by  a 
marked  increase  of  commercial  influ- 
ence. In  fact,  during  the  last  decade 
the  commerce  of  France  with  Mexico 
has  been  on  the  increase,  although  far 
behind  when  compared  with  that  of 
the  United  States.  Moreover,  the  in- 
vestment of  American  capital  and  the 
consumption  of  American  products 
have  increased  so  rapidly  that  the 
position  of  other  countries  is  insignifi- 
cant when  compared  with  that  of  the 
United  States. 

In  spite  of  its  actual  world  com- 
manding commercial  position,  the 
spiritual  and  intellectual  influence  of 
the  United  States  in  Mexico  is  rela- 
tively insignificant !  Although  there 
is  a  large  American  colony  in  Mexico 
City,  and  in  almost  every  one  of  the 
smaller  towns,  there  is  little,  if  any, 
social  or  intellectual  contact  with  the 
native  population.  In  fact,  with  a 
few  very  notable  exceptions  the  atti- 
tude is  either  one  of  undisguised  con- 
tempt, or  of  absolute  lack  of  social 
diplomacy  so  necessary  today  for  mak- 
ing friends  in  order  to  gain  confi- 
dence, respect,  and  consideration,  now 
absolutely  indispensable  to  foment  per- 
manent international  trade  on  a  solid 
basis. 

Among  the  broad-minded,  intelligent 
people  of  the  United  States  there  has 
been  recently  a  real  awakening  of  in- 
terest in  Mexican  affairs,  but  the  pre- 
vailing ignorance  as  to  actual  condi- 
tions is  still  so  great  that  the  most 
sensational  reports  concerning  polit- 
ical and  social  conditions  are  accepted 
without  any  question. 


This  situation  involves  not  only  a 
real  injustice  to  Mexico,  but  is  fraught 
with  serious  dangers  to  the  interna- 
tional relations  of  both  countries.  The 
history  of  American  policy  is  filled 
with  instances  of  gross  misunderstand- 
ings with  Mexico,  thus  arising  out  of 
ignorance  of  the  true,  chivalrous  char- 
acter of  the  Mexican  people  and  in- 
ability and  unwillingness  even  to  be- 
gin to  appreciate  their  point  of  view. 

In  spite  of  all  this,  it  is  an  interest- 
ing and  noteworthy  fact  that,  regard- 
less of  the  attitude  of  the  people  of 
the  United  States  toward  Mexico,  there 
is  a  noticeable  and  growing  desire  on 
the  part  of  all  progressive,  broad- 
minded  Mexicans  in  general  and  able 
and  earnest  leaders  of  the  actual  ad- 
ministration of  Mexico  in  particular, 
not  only  to  become  thoroughly  ac- 
quainted with  conditions  existing  in 
the  United  States,  but  to  profit  by  the 
best  that  the  latter  has  to  offer. 

This  is  particularly  true  of  every- 
thing relating  to  education,  industrial 
and  commercial  matters.  With  ecah 
year  an  increasing  number  of  Mexican 
youths  are  being  educated  in  the 
United  States.  There  is  also  a  notice- 
ably marked  tendency  on  the  part  of 
those  who  are  directing  the  educa- 
tional affairs  of  the  country  to  give 
preference  to  American  methods. 
Position  Carries  Obligations 
As     Well     As     Opportunities 

It  is  most  important  that  this  wide- 
spread desire  to  introduce  American 
educational  methods  should  find  a 
ready  response  in  the  United  States. 
The  fact  that  Mexico  is  a  geograph- 
ically perpetual  neighbor  carries  with 
it  obligations  as  well  as  endless  op- 
portunities. If,  as  you  constantly  af- 
firm before  the  world,  American  civ- 
ilization stands  for  the  spirit  of  help- 
fulness, you  must  be  ever  ready  to 
respond  to  any  call. 

To  do  this  effectively,  however,  good 
will  must  be  supplemented  by  a  seri- 
ous and  earnest  study  of  Mexico's 
needs,  and  a  conscious,  serious  effort 
to  understand  and  absolutely  appre- 
ciate the  Mexican  point  of  view.  In 
so  doing  Americans  will  be  rendering 
a  real  service  to  their  own  country  as 
well  as  to  Mexico.  Failure  to  under- 
stand this  country  of  over  twenty 
million  inhabitants  of  indomitable 
courage — the  Mexican  people  are  the 
most  sensitive  of  all  races,  more  sus- 
ceptible to  arbitration  than  to  force — 
is  a  constant  menace  to  the  preserva- 
tion of  cordial  relations  between  the 
two  nations. 


This  Coast  Must  Speed  U{ 


OPPORTUNITY  comes  but  once!  It  has  been  dang- 
ling so  long  and  persistently  before  the  Pacific  Coast 
of  America  that  those  who  ought  now  to  be  profiting  most 
by  it  have  come  to  regard  it  as  a  permanent  Prize,  to  be 
reached  out  for  when  the  spirit  moves. 

But  the  Great  War  has  played  all  sorts  of  unforeseen 
pranks  and  one  of  these  pranks  is  to  turn  the  eyes  of  the 
Atlantic  Coast  of  America  upon  the  identical  Prize  that  the 
Pacific  Coast  had  long  considered  as  its  own.  As  every- 
body knows,  when  the  Atlantic  Coast  sees  anything  it 
wants  it  goes  after  it  and  therefore  it  is  with  decidedly 
mixed  feelings  that  the  West  Coast,  of  the  United  States 
watches  the  East  Coast  of  the  same  nation  make  a  head- 
long dash  for  the  Prize  that  had  seemed  just  about  to 
drop  into  the  West  Coast's  hands. 

That  Prize  is  the  greatest  on  earth! 
That  Prize  is  Pan  Pacific  trade! 

Two  thirds  of  the  Human  Race  dwell  across  the  way 
from  the  Pacific  Coast  of  America.  Steeped  in  a  Civiliza- 
tion of  their  own  they  are  just  coming  to  life  in  the  Civili- 
zation in  which  we  revel.  The  Great  War  was  also  a  Great 
Awakener  and  by  various  methods,  not  unconnected  with 
mind,  matter  and  the  stomach,  it  has  succeeded  in  awaken- 
ing most  of  the  Human  Race  to  a  new  sense  of  their  sur- 
roundings, their  shortcomings  and  their  discomforts. 

That  which  most  immediately  concerns  us  in  America 
is  the  quite  patent  development  that  countless  appetites 
are  beginning  to  crave  just  those  sorts  of  things  that  we 
produce  or  turn  out  in  sufficient  quantities  to  sell.  With 
an  Asiatic  population  alone  of  more  than  600,000,000  souls 
can  you  visualize  what  those  developing  appetites  might 
mean  to  all  of  America  but  more  particularly  to  the  Pacific 
Coast  of  America? 

If  this  Coast  became  chief  caterer  to  that  appetital 
craving  it  would  mean  six  or  more  great  world  ports  on 
this  edge  of  the  United  States,  flanked  by  as  many  huge 
manufacturing  cities,  and  the  Pacific  Slope,  from  moun- 
tains to  sea,  humming  with  productivity,  industry  and 
prosperity.  This,  without  taking  into  consideration  the 
added  impetus  of  similar  development  throughout  Oceania, 
Australasia  and  Latin  America. 

A  dream?  Perhaps  so!  But  this  is  an  age  of 
dreams;  of  wonderful  dreams  that  come  true — be- 
cause men  get  together  to  make  them  come  true. 

But  this  is  a  dream  that  may  not  come  true  for  the 
Pacific  Coast — because  this  Coast  has  procrastinated  just 
long  enough  to  afford  the  Atlantic  ('oast  an  insight  into 
what  it  might  have  lost.  So  the  latter  with  the  prestige 
of  its  Pan   Atlantic   conquests,   its  backing   of  billions  in 


wealth  and  the  timely  assistance  of  the  United  States  Ship- 
ping Board,  has  entered  the  race  for  the  Pan  Pacific  prize. 
And,  as  has  been  observed,  it  is  with  mixed  feelings  that 
this  Coast  regards  the  unexpected  entry. 

Mention  of  the  Atlantic  Coast  in  this  connection  means 
more  specifically  the  port  of  New  York — because  New 
York  dominates  the  shipping  situation  in  the  East  as  mas- 
terfully as  she  controls  the  financial  situation  in  the 
nation.  It  is  no  disparagement  of  the  greatness  of  that 
metropolis  to  make  note  of  the  undisputed  fact  that  in  her 
ambition  for  world-leadership  New  York  brooks  no  rivals. 
Her  men  of  vision,  as  much  as  they  may  love  their  country, 
have  no  desire  to  see  another,  and  perhaps  greater,  New 
York  built  up  on  the  Pacific  Coast  through  development 
of  Pan  Pacific  trade  when  that  trade  can  be  attracted  to 
the  New  York  of  their  bank  accounts. 

So  the  Atlantic  Coast  enters  the  race  for  the 
Pan  Pacific  prize. 

It  may  have  been  due  to  the  exigencies  of  circum- 
stances, as  claimed,  but  the  aid  of  the  Shipping  Board 
has  more  than  atoned  for  the  remoteness  of  New  York 
from  the  scene  of  Pan  Pacific  activities.  In  the  allocation 
of  ships  New  York  had  vessels  headed  for  every  point  of  ! 
the  compass  before  the  Pacific  Coast  had  even  begun  to 
raise  its  voice  in  polite  request  for  more.  San  Francisco 
and  Seattle  exporters,  unable  to  obtain  cargo  space  to  the  i 
Orient  in  the  handful  of  ships  making  Pacific  ports,  had 
recourse  to  the  round  about  route  out  of  New  York,  thereby 
supplementing  vexatious  delays  and  added  costs  by  play- 
ing the  New  York  game  in  educating  consignees  in  the 
New  York  route. 

But  there's  a  limit  even  to  patience.  Increasing  losses, 
in  business,  coupled  with  the  growing  belief  that  Atlantic 
ports  were  being  unjustly  favored,  finally  spurred  Pacific 
Coast  merchants  to  a  concerted  demand  for  allocation  of! 
ships  for  Pacific  trade.  This  demand  was  at  first  parried, 
then  finally  acceded  to  and,  as  told  elsewhere,  forty-eight 
vessels  have  been  assigned  tentatively  to  Pacific  service 
and  more  are  to  follow. 

The  jubilations  of  those  who  thought  the  Pacific  Coast! 
had  won  a  considerable  victory  were  shortlived,  for  while 
the  shipping  authorities  gave  with  one  hand  they  took 
away  with  the  other.  The  ships  were  promised  but  Pacific 
rates  were  raised,  with  no  corresponding  increase  in  rates 
from  the  Atlantic  Coast.  The  natural  tendency  of  this 
apparent  discrimination  will  be  to  divert  Pan  Pacific  ex- 
ports to  New  York  and  though  the  Shipping  Board  has; 
hastened  to  announce  that  any  unfair  rates  reported  to 
the  board  will  be  adjusted,  the  time  consumed  in  complet- 


September    19  19 


189 


Hold  Own  in  Pacific  Race 


ing  all  adjustments  necessary  will  afford  the  powerful 
Atlantic  port  further  opportunity  to  clinch  Pacific  suprem- 
acy over  Pacific  ports. 

So,  the  race  is  on  in  earnest  for  the  Pan  Pacific 
Prize. 

That  prize  ought  to  have  gone  to  the  Pacific 
Coast  without  contest! 

The  Pacific  Coast  may  yet  win — but  she  must 
speed  up! 

*        «        * 

SHIPS  FOR  THE  PACIFIC 

AS  the  result  of  agitation  among  foreign  traders  of  the 
Pacific  Coast  for  more  ships  on  the  Pacific  78  addi- 
tional vessels  for  western  service  have  been  promised  by 
the  Shipping  Board.  Here  is  the  tentative  general  pro- 
gram of  allocation  of  ships  for  this  service  as  prepared  by 
H.  H.  Ebey,  Pacific  Coast  director  of  operations  for  the 
Shipping  Board,  agreed  to  by  the  Pacific  Coast  conference 
committee  and  approved  by  John  H.  Rosseter,  director  of 
operations  of  the  board: 
15  ships   (weekly  sailings)   San  Francisco  to  Japan,  China 

and  Philippines. 
2  ships,  San  Francisco  to  Vladivostok,  Manchuria,  China 

and  Japan. 
2  ships,  San  Francisco  to  India  and  Dutch  East  Indies. 

2  ships,  San  Francisco  to  Tahiti,  Tonga,  Apia  and  Hono- 

lulu. 
4  ships,  Los  Angeles    to    Japan,    China    and    Philippines 

(weekly  sailings). 
4  ships  (weekly  sailings),  Portland  to  Japan,  China  and 

Philippines. 

14  ships,  Seattle  to  Siberia,  Manchuria,  Japan,  China  and 

Philippines. 
10  ships,  from  general  Pacific  Coast  ports  to  Europe. 
4  ships,  from  general  Pacific  Coast  ports  to  Australia  and 
New  Zealand. 

3  ships,  from  general  Pacific  Coast  ports  to  west  coast  of 

Mexico,  Central  and  South  America. 
:j  ships,  from  general  Pacific  Coast  ports  to  West  Indies, 
Venezuela  and  Colombia. 

15  ships,  on  tramp  service.  t 

78  ships  for  Pacific  service. 

The  fifteen  tramp  steamers  will  be  placed  in  service 
from  Pacific  Coast  ports  to  China,  India  and  Australia  and 
will  call  at  any  port  offering  sufficient  cargo.  There  will 
be  available  for  August-September  allocation,  part  of  which 
has  already  been  allocated,  forty-eight  ships  aggregating 
approximately  400,000  tons.  These  ships  will  be  divided 
as  follows:  Twenty  to  San  Francisco,  twelve  to  Portland 
and  sixteen  to  Seattle. 


PLAN  FOR  STUDY  IN  THE  ORIENT 

A  COMMENDABLE  plan  for  the  study  by  Americans 
■*■  *-  of  Oriental  languages  and  customs  is  sketched  in  out- 
line by  Julien  Arnold,  IT.  S.  Commercial  Attache  at  Pekin, 
in  a  recent  issue  of  Commerce  Reports.  He  proposes  the 
study  of  the  three  principal  languages  of  the  Far  East, 
Chinese,  Japanese  and  Russian,  not  in  New  York,  Chicago 
and  San  Francisco,  but  in  the  capitals  of  China,  Japan  and 
Russia.  Mr.  Arnold  calls  attention  to  the  tremendous  op- 
portunities in  Asiatic  commercial  fields,  but  finds  that 
Americans  are  more  or  less  handicapped  at  the  outset  by  a 
deplorable  lack  of  knowledge  of  the  peoples  among  whom 
these  opportunities  are  available. 

"We  need  first  to  train  in  an  intensive  way  a  small 
army  of  American  college  men  and,  if  possible,  women  also, 
in  the  languages  and  literatures  of  the  principal  peoples  of 
the  Far  East,"  he  writes.  "For  the  present  we  might 
well  confine  our  attention  to  the  study  of  Chinese,  Japa- 
nese and  Russian."  He  then  gives  this  outline  of  how  such 
a  scheme  should  be  conducted. 

"There  should  be  established  at  Pekin,  at  Tokio 
and  at  Petrograd  special  schools  for  the  training 
of  Americans  in  Chinese,  Japanese  and  Russian. 

"Facilities  should  be  provided  at  each  of  these 
schools  for  100  men  at  a  time,  on  a  two  year 
schedule  of  courses,  with  a  post  graduate  course 
of  one  year  for  twenty-five  selected  students. 

"The  United  States  Congress  should  provide 
funds  for  the  maintenance  of  these  schools  and 
offer  scholarships  carrying  $1,200  a  year,  exclusive 
of  travelling  expenses,  to  American  graduates  of 
higher  schools  of  learning,  including  teaching 
schools,  and  so  arrange  as  to  embrace  men  of  vary- 
ing talents  and  training  and  from  all  sections  of 
the  United  States.  *  *  *  Funds  should  be 
provided  to  guarantee  the  continuation  of  the  up- 
keep of  these  schools  with  a  full  quota  of  students 
for  a  period  of  ten  years. 

"Thus  fifty  students  would  enter  each  school 
each  year,  and  in  ten  years'  time  each  school  will 
have    graduated     about     500     students     specially 
trained  in  the  language  and  civilization  of  each  of 
these  countries,  or  a  total  army  of  1,500  Americans 
capable  of  assisting  in  interpreting  China,  Japan 
-     and  Russia  to  the  people  of  the  United  States." 
Mr.   Arnold   asserts    that   more   Chinese   and   Japanese 
know  our  language  and  customs  than  Americans  do  theirs, 
which  is  not  altogether  flattering  to  the  business  perspicac- 
ity of  the  American  people.     His  recommendation  is   de- 
serving of  immediate  and  serious  attention. 


190 


Pan   Pacific 


Investments  in  South  America 

Best  Way  to  Insure  Increased  Trade  is  to   Follow  the   European   Plan   of   Making 

Loans  For   Improvements 


THE  writer  remembers  how  in  Cal- 
ifornia the  mountaineer  woods- 
man would  drop  down  into  the  valley 
at  the  approach  of  each  winter  with 
a  load  of  wood  for  sale  to  the  dealers. 
Instead,  of  returning  to  his  mountain 
home  with  an  empty  wagon  the  moun- 
taineer teamed  back  a  wagon  load  of 
provisions  that  would  serve  as  his 
winter's  supply.  These  provisions 
were  bought  out  of  the  money  he  re- 
ceived from  his  wood.  This  transac- 
tion continues  from  year  to  year  with 
clocklike  regularity.  The  people  in 
the  valley  must  have  their  wood;  the 
mountaineer  must  have  his  flour  and 
coffee  and  sugar.  It  is  an  exchange 
that  benefits  all  parties  to  the  transac- 
tion. 

Now  suppose  the  woodsman,  after 
selling  his  wood  at  one  place,  drove 
his  team  to  another  point  farther  up 
the  valley  to  purchase  his  supplies. 
This  would  involve  travel  with  an 
empty  wagon  and  the  loss  of  consid- 
erable time  and  in  time  the  loss  of  the 
patronage  of  the  dealers  of  the  first 
city. 

Ordinarily  the  same  principle  is  in- 
volved in  export  trade  to  South  Amer- 
ica. Each  year  we  ship  millions  of 
dollars  worth  of  manufactured  articles 
to  the  various  countries  of  the  South- 
ern continent  and  theoretically  our 
ships  should  return  with  a  full  cargo 
in  order  to  maintain  a  trade  balance 
that  would  justify  future  growth  of 
commerce.  We  cannot  afford  to  have 
an  excessive  favorable  trade  balance 
if  we  wish  to  encourage  purchases  in 
our  home  market.  An  excessive  fav- 
orable trade  balance  ordinarily  raises 
the  cost  of  dollar  exchange. 
Necessary  To  Buy 
To  Hold  the  Market 

The  quality  of  American  manufac- 
tures, the  punctual  shipment  of  orders 
and  the  extension  of  liberal  credits 
will  surely  produce  a  favorable  im- 
pression in  South  America  and  justify 
the  absorption  of  a  tremendous  amount 
of  business,  but  in  view  of  the  success 
of  other  nations  along  different  lines 
in  the  same  territory  it  seems  that  the 
American  business  men  must  do  more 
than  sell  goods  and  collect  money  from 
their  foreign  customers.  This  state- 
ment refers  to  the  necessity  of  foreign 
investments.  We  must  not  only  sell, 
but  we  must  buy  as  well,  whether  it 
be  merchandise  or  securities. 

The  most  successful  exporting  na- 
tion in  the  world  before  the  war — 
Great  Britain — built  up  her  gigantic 
traffic  in  merchandise   over  the  foun- 


By  A.  A.  PRECIADO 
— o — 
dation  of  foreign  investments.  The 
United  Kingdom  before  the  war  al- 
ways kept  a  billion  dollars  in  reserve 
ready  to  rush  to  the  assistance  of  some 
country  needing  cash  for  internal  im- 
provements or  other  enterprises.  There 
isn't  a  country  in  South  America 
where  British  capital  has  failed  to 
obtain  representation  in  some  form  or 
other. 

Why  has  Great  Britain  maintained 
its  great  trade  with  the  Argentine  Re- 
public? When  it  is  known  that  the 
United  Kingdom  has  invested  over 
$2,000,000,000  in  Argentine  alone  the 
answer  should  be  simple.  England's 
railroad  investments  alone  amounted 
to  $800,000,000.  The  advantages  in 
foreign  investments  may  be  seen  from 
the  following  figures  showing  Argen- 
tine's purchases  from  England  and 
the  United  States  for  four  years: 

United  Kingdom — 

1913  1914  1915  1916 

$120,367,811  $102,149,424  $164,972,021  $159,755,301 
United  States — 

$  22,894,809  $  42,866,995  $  89,842,833  $113,488,289 

This  is  due  largely  to  England's  for- 
eign investments.  The  railroads,  port 
works  and  the  great  number  of  enter- 
prises in  which  British  capital  was  in- 
vested— all  required  supplies  from 
time  to  time.  These  supplies  were 
purchased  in  the  country  from  whence 
the  capital  was  obtained. 

British      Investments 
Bring   British   Goods 

Not  alone  in  Argentine  has  Great 
Britain  made  large  investments.  In 
the  Republic  of  Chile  one  will  find  in- 
dustrial development  in  many  lines  en- 
couraged by  the  British  pound  ster- 
ling. Telephone  systems  in  many  ci- 
ties are  controlled  by  British  capital. 
Where  do  the  supplies  for  these  indus- 
trial enterprises  generally  come  from? 
Prom  England. 

Germany's  establishment  of  branch 
banks  in  South  America  was  merely 
the  forerunner  to  the  investment  of 
capital  in  enterprises.  German  capital 
before  the  war  financed  hundreds  of 
enterprises.  This  served  as  the  seed 
out  of  which  grew  that  tremendous 
South  American  trade  for  the  once 
powerful  German  empire? 

Before  the  war  the  French  held  Ar- 
gentine securities  to  the  amount  of 
nearly  $300,000,000.  It  was  French 
capital  that  operated  the  tramways 
and  electric  service  of  Buenos  Aires. 
Three  of  the  great  railways  were  prac- 
tically owned  by  French  capital. 
French  engineers  under  the  guidance 
of  French  capital  constructed  some  of 


the  principal  ports  of  that  country. 
Her  investments  extended  to  agricul- 
ture and  stock  raising  and  to  the 
grape  industry  in  Mendoza  at  the  foot 
of  the  Andes. 

With  the  financial  condition  of  Eu- 
rope producing  a  delicate  throb  at  the 
present  time,  it  is  doubtful  if  capital 
from  that  continent  will  be  able  to 
pour  into  South  America  with  the  free- 
dom that  characterized  its  pre-war  ac- 
tivities. Germany  is  helpless  for  the 
present;  France  must  conserve  her  re- 
sources and  England  must  follow  a 
similar  course. 

The  United  States  today  is  in  a  posi- 
tion to  extend  financial  assistance 
wherever  the  nature  of  the  enterprise 
justifies  a  safe  investment.  Not  only 
South  America,  but  the  entire  world 
is  looking  to  us  today  with  the  deepest 
interest  in  our  programme  of  financial 
extensions. 

In  South  America  alone  there  are 
unlimited  opportunities  for  develop- 
ment of  backwood  sections  with  Amer- 
ican capital.  The  potential  riches  of 
Ecuador,  for  instance,  lie  dormant  for 
the  lack  of  money  to  bring  out  the 
most  valuable  that  is  in  them.  Ecua- 
dor needs  railroads,  improved  harbor 
facilities,  improvements  such  as  the 
development  of  water  power  and  the 
construction  of  highways. 

In  Peru  American  capital  can  find 
considerable  work  to  do.  Peru's 
wealth  in  mineral  resources  are  prac- 
tically unknown.  Her  mining  indus- 
try needs  development.  Irrigation 
systems  must  be  constructed  in  order 
to  place  her  agriculture  on  a  solid 
basis.  Peru,  like  other  countries  on 
the  west  coast,  needs  railroad  exten- 
sions to  tap  rich  sections  at  the  pres- 
ent time  inaccessible  for  ordinary  com- 
mercial purposes. 

Peru  is  rich  in  water  falls,  whose 
water  power  is  needed  to  aid  the  coun- 
try's  infant  manufacturing  industries. 
Not  only  is  the  country  rich  in  miner- 
als and  agriculture,  but  her  timber  re- 
sources are  practically  untouched.  In 
the  north  and  northeast  of  Peru  lie  her 
vast  forests  which  have  not  yet 
reached  the  bark  of  the  woodsman's 
axe.  Some  day  capital  will  utilize  this 
timber  for  world  consumption. 
Need  For  Railroads 
Realized    in    Bolivia 

Bolivia  needs  railroads.  There  have 
been  in  the  country  representatives  of 
the  Bolivian  Government  endeavoring 
to  negotiate  a  loan  for  $12,000,000  for 
the  construction  of  railroads  in  the 
country.     One  of  these  lines  is  aimed 


September    19  19 


191 


to  tap  the  rich  agricultural  belt  of  the 
republic,  while  the  other  will  give  the 
country  a  connection  between  the  Pa- 
cific and  the  Atlantic  oceans.  Upon 
the  completion  of  this  line  it  will  be 
possible  to  reach  Buenos  Ayres  by  rail 
from  Arica  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
through  La  Paz  and  over  the  Central 
Argentine  Railroad  to  the  Argentine 
capital.  The  floating  of  this  loan  in 
the  United  States  will  mean  that 
American  engineers  will  construct  the 
road  and  that  the  necessary  supplies 
will  be  purchased  here. 

Chile  is  now  engaged  in  municipal 
improvements  and  in  the  construction 
of  highways  in  which  she,  like  other 
South  American  countries,  has  been 
rather  backward.  The  development  of 
her  water  power,  her  mineral  and  ag- 
ricultural resources,  is  dependent  on 
the  available  capital  for  such  pur- 
poses. Chile,  like  Peru,  is  rich  in 
natural  resources,  most  in  extensive 
forests.  There  is  plenty  of  wood  pulp 
in  these  forests  for  the  establishment 
of  paper  mills. 

Trade   Follows  the  Loan 
Is      Modern     Adaptation 

It  is  the  old  saying  that  trade  fol- 
lows the  flag,  but  it  is  more  appro- 
priate to  state  that  trade  follows  the 
loan.  Wherever  there  is  American 
capital  invested  one  is  sure  to  find  a 
healthy  exportation  of  American  made 
articles. 

The  South  American  countries,  how- 
ever, must  do  their  part  in  bringing 
about  this  strengthened  commercial 
relationship.  They  must  convince  the 
American  people  that  investments  in 
their  countries  will  be  fully  appreci- 
ated. They  must  conduct  campaigns 
of  education  in  this  country  unfolding 
the  true  story  of  their  resources  and 
the  multiplicity  of  opportunities  await- 
ing the  arrival  of  American  money. 

It  is  difficult  to  find  an  investor  who 
will  put  his  money  in  a  proposition  in 
a  country  he  knows  little  about.  Some 
years  ago  a  wealthy  Western  cattle- 
man was  approached  by  an  American 
who  had  just  returned  from  Argentina 
on  the  subject  of  an  investment  in  a 
cattle  land  proposition  in  northern 
Argentina.  The  proposition  was  sound 
enough,  but  the  Westerner  could  not 

exactly  see  it." 
It  may  be  all  right  just  as  you  say, 

rown,"   he   said,   "but  I'll   tell   you 

mething.  If  you  have  got  a  nice 
cattle  proposition  for  me  right  around 
here,  where  I  can  lay  my  hands  on  it, 
I  '11  listen  to  you  because  I  know  you, 
but,  on  the  other  hand,  when  you  come 
to  me  with  a  proposition  that  will  send 
my  capital  several  thousand  miles 
away  to  a  country  I  know  nothing 
about,  and  whose  people  speak  a  dif- 
ferent language,  why,  even  the  Presi- 
dent of  that  country  could  not  get  me 
to  invest.    It's  too  far  away." 


Peruvian  Copper 
Rich  Investment 


: 

B, 

so 


By  CARLOS  GIBSON 
First  Secretary  of  the  Peruvian 
Embassy,  Washington 
— o — 
CUJRPRISING  results  have  been  de- 
^  rived     from     the     investment     of 
American    capital    in    different    enter- 
prises   in    Peru.     The    principal    and 
most  important  is  the  Cerro  de  Pasco 
Copper     Corporation,      whose      gross 
earnings  for  1918  from  the  sale  of  cop- 
per amounted  to  $22,867,807,  notwith- 
standing   the    momentary    fall   in    the 
price  of  copper,  while  the  profits  for 
1917  were  $2,106,275  higher,  with  net 
receipts   of   $5,078,868    and  $4,393,352 
as  dividends. 

The  original  capital  of  this  company 
was  $30,000,000  and  the  claims  which 
it  has  registered  with  the  Peruvian 
Government  now  number  1,800,  which 
represent  an  extensive  area  of  most 
valuable  property  situated  in  the 
heart  of  the  richest  copper  district  of 
the  world. 

Monthly     Net     Income 
From  Mines  $1,000,000 

The  value  of  the  properties  is  in- 
creased by  the  coal  mines  of  Collaris- 
quisca  and  Quishhuarcancha ;  by  water 
rights  and  agricultural  establishments 
of  more  than  25,000  hectares  in  ex- 
tent; by  the  hydro-electric  power  plant 
of  La  Oroya  of  more  than  12,000  horse 
power,  and  lastly  by  the  smelter, 
which  daily  treats  hundreds  of  tons 
of  ore,  the  whole  concern  employing 
more  than  15,000  persons  in  the  mines 
and  offices,  all  earning  very  good  sal- 
aries and  well  looked  after  in  the 
buildings  erected  for  the  purpose, 
which  include  a  model  hospital 
equipped  with  the  most  recent  appli- 
ances. The  monthly  net  income  of  the 
concern  is  estimated  at  $1,000,000,  pro- 
duced by  its  Cerro  de  Pasco  and  Moro- 
cocha  establishments. 

A  new  smelter,  that  of  La  Oroya, 
has  recently  been  started,  capable  of 
treating  4,000  tons  of  ore  daily.  It  is 
worthy  of  note  that  the  Cerro  de 
Pasco  Copper  Corporation  is  able  to 
place  its  copper  on  the  New  York  mar- 
ket at  the  lowest  possible  cost— as  low 
as  any  other  producer  and  lower  than 
most.  This  result,  it  was  stated  at 
the  last  annual  meeting  of  the  com- 
pany, is  due  to  the  high  proportion  of 
gold  and  silver  which  the  ore  contains 


and  the  cheapness  of  labor  in  Peru. 
Apart  from  the  200  American,  British 
and  Canadian  employees  working  for 
the  company,  the  remaining  5,000  are 
natives  belonging  to  the  mountainous 
regions  of  the  Andes  and  able,  there- 
fore, to  withstand  labor  in  the  mines 
without  hardship. 

The  Morococha  Mining  Company 
owns  about  1,200  "pertenencias,"  or 
claims,  situated  in  the  district  of 
Morococha,  with  a  powerful  plant  of 
44,000  horsepower  for  the  exclusive 
use  of  the  mines.  This  is  another  of 
the  very  flourishing  American  concerns 
of  the  region. 

Has     Rail     System 
To  Move  the  Ores 

The  Cero  de  Pasco  Railway  Com- 
pany carries  the  ores  and  metals  from 
the  mines  to  the  port  of  embarkation, 
taking  advantage  of  a  branch  line 
which  unites  Cerro  de  Pasco  with  the 
Oroya,  where  it  joins  the  Central  Rail- 
way, which  continues  on  to  Callao. 
The  branch  line  is  132  kilometres  long ; 
its  freight  rates  are  fair  and  the  roll- 
ing stock  comfortable  and  well  cared 
for. 

The  barometer  for  appreciating  the 
development  of  the  district  is  un- 
doubtedly the  returns  of  the  railroad 
which,  with  its  shops  and  regular 
schedules,  co-operates  efficiently  with 
the  neighboring  towns  for  their  ad- 
vancement. The  continuously  prosper- 
ous condition  of  this  line  can  be  appre- 
ciated by  the  fact  that  since  1914  to 
date  the  monthly  quantity  of  mineral 
freight  conveyed  has  been  488,544 
tons. 

Other  American  companies  of  not 
less  importance,  although  they  have 
not  developed  as  rapidly  as  the  above 
mentioned,  are  to  be  found  in  Que- 
yuipa,  Carabaya  and  Sandia,  southern 
provinces  of  Peru.  Such  are  the  An- 
des Exploitation  Company,  which 
works  the  copper  mines  of  Cerro 
Verde;  the  Inca  Mining  Company,  the 
Inca  Gold  Company,  both  gold  mining 
concerns;  the  Inambari  Dredging 
Company,  which  achieved  very  good 
results  from  the  drainage  of  the  auri- 
ferous rivers  in  the  region  from  which 
the  company  takes  its  name,  and  the 
Humboldt  Gold  Placers  Company, 
which  exports  considerable  quantities 
of  gold  obtained  from  Montana  de 
Puco. 


192 


Pan  Pacific 


Publicity  an  Art  in  Latin  America 

Strong  Appeal  Found  in  Poster  Advertising  Among  the  Masses,  But  Novelty  and 

Merit  Are  Quickly  Appreciated 


SEVERAL  years  ago,  while  work- 
men were  tearing  down  an  an- 
cient building  in  Lima,  Peru,  which 
had  been  erected  by  one  of  the  Gov- 
ernors immediately  succeeding  Pizzaro, 
news  spread  through  the  city  that  a 
great  treasure  safe  had  been  discov- 
ered imbedded  under  a  stone  floor. 
Xow  there  had  long  been  a  legend  that 
one  of  the  Governors  from  Spain  had 
secreted  stolen  wealth  under  his  castle 
before  his  recall  to  Spain  and  that 
the  wealth  was  still  hidden  away. 

So  when  the  authorities  verified  the 
report  that  a  safe  had  really  been  dis- 
covered they  formally  took  possession 
of  it  and  declared  it  the  property  of 
the  state.  It  was  a  very  ancient  safe, 
of  wrought  iron,  mildewed  with  age. 
Grunting  workmen,  aided  by  block 
and  tackle  and  little  Spanish  horses, 
pulled  it  from  its  lair  under  the  earth, 
and  with  much  pomp  the  police  au- 
thorities opened  it  with  crowbar, 
chisel  and  sledge  hammer. 

The  safe  was  empty  save  for  a  small, 
compact,  neatly  tied  package,  which 
was  opened  with  chagrin  and  amaze- 
ment. For  the  package  was  wrapped 
in  neat,  modern  looking  paper  and  tied 
with  very  fresh  string.  Inside  the 
package  were  a  few  boxes  of  a  well 
known  American  proprietary  medicine 
and  a  set  of  posters  declaring  its  mar- 
vellous properties. 

Paid    Fine    Gladly 
and  Booked  Orders 

The  throng  which  had  gathered  to 
witness  the  disclosure  of  age-hidden 
wealth  screamed  with  glee,  and  the 
disgruntled  police  rushed  off  and  ar- 
rested the  agent  for  the  American  pro- 
prietary medicine.  He  paid  a  fine  of 
some  $100  with  a  delighted  grin  and 
went  out  and  began  to  book  orders 
for  his  product  among  the  druggists. 
He  had  bought  the  safe  at  a  second 
hand  store  several  days  before,  and  at 
night,  with  the  aid  of  a  few  workmen 
and  a  dray,  had  buried  it  where  he 
knew  it  would  be  found. 

The  newspapers  carried  columns 
about  the  fiasco,  and  the  public,  hear- 
ing and  reading  about  it,  grew  con- 
fused, as  a  rather  superstitious  and 
illiterate  public  will,  finally  coming  to 
half  believe  that  this  medicine  had 
come  into  the  ancient  safe  in  a  mirac- 
ulous way  because  of  its  great  curative 
powers.  The  medicine  is  still  selling 
in  great  quantities  in  Peru  and  can  be 
purchased  at  the  meanest  apothecary 
shop  from  north  to  south  of  the  coun- 
try. 

This  "stunt"  in  the  United  States 
would    be    treated    humorously    as    a 


By  F.  EUGENE  ACKERMAN 

Editor  of  Export  American  Industries 

— o — 
rather  shopworn  effort  by  a  press 
agent,  but  in  Peru  it  had  novelty  and 
to  its  ordinary  appeal  of  mystery  it 
added  the  strength  of  a  legend  and  a 
superstitious  belief  which  is  strong 
among  the  mestizo  population,  whose 
religion  is  a  queer  mixture  of  medieval 
Catholicism  and  the  remnants  of  the 
sun-worship  creed  of  Inca   days. 

It  proves,  I  believe,  what  many  ad- 
vertisers in  South  America  told  me, 
and  that  is,  fundamentally,  advertising 
in  South  America  does  not  differ  from 
advertising  in  the  United  States.  Ap- 
plication and  technique  are  a  little  dif- 
ferent, but  the  so-called  American 
style  of  advertising  finds  the  greatest 
response  in  South  America,  as  its  use 
by  the  most  successful  advertisers  has 
proved. 

Direct  Sales  Methods 
To  Reach  the  People 

During  the  period  I  spent  in  various 
parts  of  the  continent  endeavoring  to 
reach  every  class  of  person  with  a 
message  from  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment as  to  its  reasons  for  declaring 
war  on  Germany,  I  decided  that  news- 
paper and  periodical  advertising  af- 
fected only  a  small  percentage  of  the 
people,  because  it  is  only  a  small  per- 
centage that  can  read.  The  others 
had  to  be  reached  by  "direct  sales" 
methods. 

This  was  particularly  true  of  Peru, 
Bolivia,  Ecuador,  Venezuela  and  Co- 
lombia, where  the  percentage  of  illit- 
eracy is  not  only  high,  but  where  tran- 
sit facilities  are  such  that  all  appeals 
must  be  made  locally ;  there  is  no  me- 
dium by  which  a  general  national  ap- 
peal may  be  made. 

So  we  took  a  leaf  from  advertisers 
who  were  most  successful  in  South 
America,  and  we  used  postal  cards, 
colored  prints,  buttons,  enlarged  pho- 
tographs and  billboards.  We  mounted 
sets  of  stirring  photographs  on  easels, 
which  we  placed  at  vantage  points  in 
far  flung  settlements,  and  we  put  col- 
ored pictures  in  store  windows  and  on 
store  counters  for  the  people  to  take 
home  with  them  after  the  fiesta.  There 
is  no  doubt  that  this  direct  appeal  had 
an  effect  where  our  newspaper  and 
periodical  advertising  could  not  reach. 
Strong  Appeal  Found 
In    Poster    Advertising 

Poster  and  billboard  advertising  are 
well  advanced  in  South  America,  par- 
ticularly in  those  portions  where  trans- 
portation is  the  most  modern.  In  all 
of  the   countries   the   railroad   station 


and  the  plaza  are  the  two  local  points 
where  the  entire  population  gathers  at 
certain  periods  of  the  day  to  prom- 
enade and  to  gossip. 

We  have  no  custom  here  by  which 
to  make  a  comparison.  In  our  smaller 
cities  the  people  when  idle  come  to 
the  depots  to  see  the  trains  come  in 
and  leave;  but  in  South  America  the 
visit  to  the  station  or  the  promenade 
about  the  plaza  is  a  social  function. 
And  South  American  cities — especially 
the  smaller  ones — are  so  barren  of 
recreation  opportunities  that  none  is 
missed. 

The  people  are  intensely  curious. 
They  all  make  leisurely  inspections  of 
the  new  posters  that  are  put  up  at 
railroad  stations,  particularly  if  the 
poster  has  some  artistic  merit  or  is 
done  in  bold  outlines  in  striking  col- 
ors. Those  in  the  audience  who  do 
not  know  how  to  read  have  the  text 
explained  to  them.  It  is  no  unusual 
sight  to  see  little  knots,  particularly 
on  fiesta  days,  or  on  market  days, 
gathering  about  the  billboards,  gravely 
discussing  the  posters. 

Illustrations  should  play  a  large 
part  in  advertising  American  goods 
in  South  America.  The  less  text  the 
better  the  advertisement.  The  mass  of 
advertisers  in  South  America  use 
quantities  of  text  and  a  bad  selection 
of  type.  They  have  no  particular 
standard  of  style  and  follow  no  school, 
unless  it  may  be  that  they  base  their 
general  ideas  on  the  French  pattern. 
The  few  big  advertisers,  however,  who 
spend  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dol- 
lars a  year,  follow  the  American  plan; 
they  play  on  a  trade  name,  constantly 
hammering  it  at  the  public  from  every 
angle.  Trade  names  are  as  valuable 
in  South  America  as  they  are  here.  In 
fact,  I  have  been  told  by  many  suc- 
cessful merchants  there  that  they  are 
more  valuable. 

Confidence  Once  Obtained 
Has  Far  Reaching  Effect 
Once  the  customer  has  placed  his 
confidence  in  a  certain  commodity  he 
is  loath  to  accept  a  substitute.  It  re- 
quires a  certain  responsibility  to  at- 
tempt a  departure  in  his  habits,  which 
he  does  not  want  to  assume.  And  then 
the  confidence  of  the  South  American 
is  hard  to  get,  but  once  obtained,  is 
more  far  reaching  than  that  of  his 
more  sophisticated  North  American 
brother. 

The  preparation  of  copy  for  adver- 
tising in  South  America  is  the  weakest 
link  in  our  chain  of  endeavor.  A  mer- 
chant related  to  me  an  incident  which 
illustrates  this  point.     He  received  an 


September    19  19 


193 


Rio  Janeiro  a  City  of  Activity 

Life  is  Replete  With  Commercial  Interest  But  Spirit  of  Condescension  is  a  Business 

Handicap   to  Anglo-Saxons 


[  IFE  in  Rio  de  Janeiro  today  is 
■*— '  full  of  interest  commercially.  I 
am  living  at  the  Hotel  des  Estran- 
geiros,  one  of  the  largest  and  oldest 
hotels  in  the  city.  It  is  a  very  com- 
fortable, homelike,  clean  place  and  is 
always  full  of  travellers  from  all  over 
the  world.  It  would  be  difficult  to 
ind  a  more  cosmopolitan  place  in 
i-hich  to  live,  with  almost  all  the 
languages  of  the  world  sounding  in 
one's  ears.  Every  time  a  boat  enters 
the  port  we  know  it  by  the  new  faces 
in  the  house,  and  each  departing 
steamer  carries  away  friends  and  ac- 
quaintances. 

Since  the  armistice  we  have  had 
much  more  frequent  service  on  the 
lines  coming  into  Rio  de  Janeiro  from 
America,  England,  France,  Japan  and 
Holland.  The  English  boats  have  ap- 
peared in  greatest  numbers,  seconded 
by  the  Japanese,  there  being  three 
lines  running  direct  from  Japan  here. 
American  lines  are  still  advertising 
and  promising  and  with  one  exception 
we  so  far  have  not  seen  any  unusual 
activity. 

Every  steamer  entering  this  port  for 
the  last  three  months  came  greatly 
overcrowded,  but  left  a  large  propor- 
tion of  passengers  in  Rio  de  Janeiro. 
This  has  filled  hotels  to  a  point  here- 
tofore unheard  of  during  the  warm 
season  and  some  hotel  owners  who  fol- 
lowed the  usual  custom  of  closing  for 
repairs  are  bitterly  regretting  the  har- 
vest they  are  missing. 

Brazilian     Indoor     Sport 
Watching  U.   S.  Arrivals 

It  is  fun  to  watch  the  new-come 
Americans.     The  day  after  they  land, 


elegantly  made  up  booklet,  accompa- 
nied by  a  letter — both  in  Spanish — 
asking  him  to  take  up  the  line  which 
the  booklet  illustrated.  He  read  both 
enclosures,  then  he  wrote  the  Amer- 
ican  manufacturer  in  English: 

Your  communications  in  an 
unknown    dialect    have    been 
received  and  their  humor  ap- 
peals to  us.     If  you  will  be  so 
kind  as  to  send  us  a  transla- 
tion   of    the    same    either    in 
Spanish  or  in  English  we  will 
have  much  pleasure  in  read- 
ing them. 
Some  of  the  translations  which  have 
been  used  for  advertising  purposes — 
in  newspapers,  periodicals,  catalogues, 
letters    and    enclosures  —  have    been 
pathetic.     They  have  been  made  either 

Iby  men  who  knew  English  badly  and 


By  LUCIE  MULLER  MORGAN 

— o — 
out  they  hustle  with  their  sample  or 
despatch  cases  in  a  mad  rush  to  land 
orders  or  whatever  their  business  may 
be ;  they  career  madly  around  in  taxi- 
cabs  and  make  appointments  with  the 
same  diligence  they  display  at  home. 
In  a  few  days  they  settle  down  to 
using  the  street  cars,  taking  their  time 
in  the  mornings  and  making  fewer 
appointments  per  day. 

It's  no  use,  one  must  conform  to 
the  local  customs,  and  no  one  who 
knows,  expects  appointments  to  be 
kept  punctually.  I  even  know  some 
who  keep  an  appointment  twenty-four 
hours  after  the  time  set,  with  the  calm 
assurance  that  all  will  be  well,  and 
often  it  is,  although  this  is  really  a 
bit  exaggerated. 

Nevertheless  we  all  go  to  appoint- 
ments expecting  to  wait  from  twenty 
to  ninety  minutes.  If  one  gets  restive 
and  does  not  wait,  it  is  all  to  do  over 
again,  so  it's  best  to  cultivate  patience. 
"Patiencia"  is  the  Brazilian's  answer 
to  every  reproach.  We  all  learn  that 
a  deal  is  rarely  accomplished  in  the 
first  visit ;  in  Brazil,  snap  decisions  are 
rare,  even  if  made  they  are  held  over 
for  appearances'  sake.  Every  one  who 
has  had  commercial  experience  here 
knows  that  the  longer  the  salesman 
stays  the  greater  the  confidence  he  in- 
spires and  it  is  wisest  to  give  the  im- 
pression of  plenty  of  time,  even  when 
it  is  not  true. 

To  my  mind  the  greater  success  of 
the  Europeans  in  this  market  is  due 
to  the  fact  that  they  have  more  per- 
manent     representations     here      than 


American  houses  have  and  the  Brazil- 
ian naturally  prefers  dealing  with  the 
people  who  will  be  on  hand  when  his 
orders  arrive  to  safeguard  him  in  case 
of  unsatisfactory  conditions.  I  have 
recently  talked  to  one  of  the  Amer- 
ican representative  houses  established 
here  for  a  good  many  years  and  they 
tell  me  that  during  this  troublous  pe- 
riod since  the  signing  of  the  armistice, 
when  everybody  has  been  deluged  with 
cancellations  of  orders,  this  old  house 
has  not  had  one  single  cancellation. 
I  can  believe  what  they  say,  for  per- 
sonally I  have,  had  no  cancellations 
and  my  customers  are  about  the  same 
class  as  the  house  I  mention. 

I  have  wandered  from  my  intention 
of  telling  how  the  different  nationali- 
ties among  the  salesmen  impress  me. 
When  we  have  an  English  steamer 
bringing  in  a  collection  of  newcomers, 
we  do  not  see  so  much  hustle ;  in  most 
cases  the  men  have  been  out  before 
and  are  returning  from  the  war  or 
their  vacations.  They  spend  the  first 
week  or  two  looking  up  old  friends, 
visiting  about  and  are  in  the  hotel  a 
good  deal,  where  many  people  call  on 
them. 

This  also  applies  to  Americans  who 
have  made  previous  trips  and  learned 
the  mannerisms.  One  advantage  shown 
by  the  average  American  is  his  ability 
to  make  acquaintances  easily  and  min- 
gle with  strangers,  while  the  Britisher, 
true  to  form,  flocks  by  himself  or  quite 
exclusively  with  his  brother  Britishers. 
Spirit  of  Condescension 
Handicaps    Anglo-Saxons 

Neither  the  American  or  the  British 
can  equal  the  Frenchman  in  his  way 

(Continued  on  next  page) 


knew  Spanish  as  a  speaking  language, 
English  as  an  ambition,  and  the  line 
of  which  they  wrote — not  at  all. 

Not    Castilian    Spanish 
Is   Language   of   South 

Good  Spanish  is  applicable  to  any 
of  the  Spanish  speaking  countries  of 
South  America,  but  it  always  must  be 
borne  in  mind  that  the  Spanish  of 
South  America  is  not  Castilian.  It  is 
Spanish  with  colloquialisms  that  have 
become  part  of  the  language.  Certain 
expressions  that  are  harmless  and  so- 
cial in  Chile  have  a  dynamic  meaning 
in  the  Argentine. 

I  recall  a  poster  advertising  a  popu- 
lar motion  picture  star  in  an  equally 
popular  picture  that  was  shown  in 
Chile.  The  poster  had  been  done  into 
Spanish  in  the  United  States.  The 
emphasized  word  on  the  poster  meant 


something  in  Chile  that  it  did  not 
mean  in  polite  Castilian  circles,  so  a 
white  strip  of  paper  was  pasted  over 
it  and  a  substitute  word  was  used. 
This  could  have  been  avoided  had  the 
translation  been  made  more  carefully, 
or  had  it  been  vised  by  some  one  with 
a  knowledge  of  Chilean  colloquialisms. 
But  aside  from  preparing  copy  with 
care,  having  beforehand  a  knowledge 
of  the  country  to  which  you  are  going 
to  appeal  and  making  certain  that  you 
are  saying  in  Spanish  what  you  have 
said  in  your  English  text,  there  is  lit- 
tle mystery  in  advertising  in  South 
America.  American  agencies  with  for- 
eign connections  are  becoming  better 
equipped  every  day  to  handle  Amer- 
ican advertising  in  South  America  in 
the  proper  way.  It  is  a  matter  though 
that  should  be  handled  only  by  ex- 
perts, not  by  tyros. 


194 


Pan  Pacific 


New  Zealand  Seeking 
Interchange  of  Trade 


By  J.   B.   CLARKSON 

Of  Wellington,  N.  Z. 

NEW  ZEALAND  and  Australia  are 
buying  large  quantities  of  manu- 
factured goods  from  the  United  States, 
and  as  yet  there  is  very  limited  quan- 
tities of  goods  being  sent  in  return. 

New  Zealand  has  400,000,000  pounds 
of  butter  and  cheese  in  cold  storage, 
besides  large  quantities  of  hides,  tal- 
low and  hemp,  all  waiting  shipment, 
and  at  the  present  time  there  are  not 
enough  available  refrigerator  ships  in 
the  world  to  shift  the  meat  and  butter 
in  a  reasonable  time.  The  meat  has 
cost  the  Imperial  Government  approxi- 
mately an  average  of  ll1/^  cents  a 
pound,  and  is  comprised  of  beef,  mut- 
ton and  lamb  of  the  best  quality.  The 
butter  has  cost  32  cents  a  pound. 

Now  the  great  difficulty  is  transpor- 
tation, but  if  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment can  solve  this  and  arrange 
with  the  Imperial  Government  to  re- 
lieve some  of  the  huge  stocks,  and 
then  later  with  the  New  Zealand  Gov- 
ernment for  a  regular  supply  so  that 
the  working  people  of  the  United 
States  could  have  a  reasonable  quan- 
tity of  the  best  meat  and  butter  the 
world  produces,  the  cost  of  living 
would  be  much  reduced  and  the  peo- 


ple made  happier  and  much  more  con- 
tented. 

The  climatic  conditions  of  New  Zea- 
land are  such  that  she  produces  for 
nine  months  of  the  year,  and  the  high- 
est point  of  production  is  reached 
when  the  United  States  is  in  the  throes 
of  winter,  so  that  rapid  transportation 
would  mean  a  constant  supply  of  fresh 
foods  without  the  necessity  of  carry- 
ing huge  volumes  of  stocks. 

Of  course,  New  Zealand  wool  is  also 
a  very  important  trading  factor.  New 
Zealand  produce  is  not  only  of  the 
highest  quality  but  can  be  traded  in 
with  absolute  security  because  all  food 
products  for  export  are  Government 
graded,  and  carry  the.  Government 
stamps,  which  factor  is  a  guarantee  of 
grade  and  quality.  New  Zealand  is 
now  considering  sending  trade  com- 
missioners to  the  United  States. 

Australia  has  tremendous  stocks  of 
wheat  waiting  for  shipment,  and  also 
large  quanaities  of  meat,  butter  and 
wool. 

Co-operation  is  needed  everywhere 
to  secure  quick  and  economical  trans- 
portation, and  education  and  transpor- 
tation must  go  hand  in  hand  in  up- 
lifting democracies  and  securing  for 
the  multitudes  a  reasonable  supply  of 
the  best  the  world  can  produce. 


Commercial  Activity  in  Rio  Janeiro 


(Continued  from  page  193) 


with  the  Brazilians;  he  can  meet  them 
easier  as  to  language,  in  the  first  place, 
because  practically  all  educated  Bra- 
zilians speak  French,  while  only  a  fair 
percent  speak  English.  Language  helps 
a  lot,  but  the  more  important  factor 
in  the  success  of  the  French  is  the 
lack  of  a  spirit  of  condescension,  as 
shown  generally  by  the  Anglo-Saxons. 

With  all  the  talk  going  on  about 
"closer  relations"  why  do  we  condes- 
cend to  those  whose  trade  we  want? 
Think  it  over,  those  at  home  expecting 
to  come  to  Brazil  or  any  other  Latin- 
American  country. 

Just  now  it  is  the  fad  here  to  adopt 
styles  and  things  North  American. 
"Yankee"  is  a  great  word  everywhere 
and  I  think  this  country  is  in  a  par- 
ticularly receptive  mood  towards  us 
and  our  merchandise,  more  than  at 
any  time  in  the  past  several  years. 
This  is  a  frame  of  mind  that  should  be 
helped  and  would  be  if  we  were  a 
more   physcological  people. 


Japan  is  taking  this  market  seri- 
ously in  every  department  of  trade. 
Each  steamer  brings  in  salesmen — 
they  come  in  groups  and  naturally 
stick  together.  They  are  competing 
in  heavy  chemicals,  oils,  toys,  silks, 
cotton  goods,  chinaware,  and  knit 
goods.  Some  American  houses  have 
their  representations.  Some  salesmen 
tell  me  that  they  have  not  felt  this 
competition,  but  I  know  it  is  here  and 
sooner  or  later  we  are  all  going  to  feel 
it.  The  Japanese  have  three  lines  of 
steamers  which  I  understand  are  sub- 
sidized. 

Not  long  ago  while  waiting  to  talk 
to  one  of  the  big  buyers  who  is  con- 
sidered the  meanest  man  to  sell  in  all 
Brazil,  I  watched  three  Japs  trying  to 
sell  him.  They  had  knit  underwear. 
One  of  them  spoke  a  little  Portuguese; 
the  head  man  spoke  fair  English  and 
used  it  for  all  he  was  worth  on  the 
Brazilian  buyer,  who  I  know  does  not 
know    English    at    all.     Prices    must 


have  talked,  for  the  Japs  made  the 
sale  and  took  the  buyer's  ragging 
smilingly,  when  an  American  would 
have  felt  like  banging  him. 

So  much  has  been  said  for  such  a 
long  time  about  the  poor  packing  done 
by  American  manufactures  for  foreign 
shipments,  it  is  rather  a  relief  to  hear 
a  new  sort  of  complaint.  This  time 
it  is  the  ruthless  handling  of  the  goods 
by  the  loading  or  unloading  people. 
Several  houses  have  recently  been  re- 
ceiving shipments  in  very  bad  condi- 
tion, and  they  admit  is  not  the  fault 
of  the  packing  this  time,  but  because 
of  the  handling  by  certain  steamship 
lines. 

A  particular  case  brought  to  my  no- 
tice was  a  shipment  of  American 
paints,  perfectly  packed  in  heavy 
metal  drums.  Some  of  these  drums 
arrived  here  in  such  a  delapidated 
state  they  are  scarcely  salable,  al- 
though the  contents  are  uninjured. 
Direct  blows  with  a  heavy  hammer 
make  no  impression  on  these  drums 
and  we  are  all  wondering  what  could 
have  happened  to  them  en  voyage. 

Poor  packing,  badly  handled  ship- 
ments and  carelessly  filled  orders  make 
the  life  of  a  salesman  in  Brazil  any- 
thing but  a  bed  of  roses  and  my  cry 
is  still  for  home  co-operation. 


Java  Offers  Field 

(Continued    from    page    185) 


The  Javanese,  Malays  and  Arabs  form 
the  agricultural,  fishing  and  industrial 
labor  elements,  and  it  is  to  their  wants 
that  the  American  exporter  must  cater 
through  the  Chinese  and  the  Dutch. 
So,  while  adopting  his  methods  of  do- 
ing business  to  the  latter,  the  tastes 
and  limitations  of  the  former  must  al- 
ways be  kept  in  mind. 

Through  several  centuries  the 
whole  policy  of  the  Dutch  administra- 
tion of  the  islands  has  been  to  increase 
production  without  increasing  the  de- 
sires of  the  producers.  We  have 
therefore  an  anomaly  of  an  extremely 
fertile  and  productive  soil  sustaining 
a  population  of  only  comparatively 
simple  wants.  The  natural  result  has 
been  that  for  many  years  before  the 
war  little  of  the  actual  proceeds  were 
spent  in  Java,  but  by  establishing  the 
markets  for  Java's  exports  and  the 
assembling  place  for  Java's  imports 
in  Holland,  the  greater  proportion  of 
the  excess  wealth  from  the  colony  ac- 
cumulated there  as  well. 

With  the  old  European  trade  routes 
closed  by  the  war,  however,  these 
products  now  began  to  find  their  way 
to  other  markets,  notably  Japan  and 
America,  and  manufactured  goods 
from  these  countries  were  naturally 
the  logical  return  cargo. 


September    19  19 


195 


Tremendous  Expansion 
of  Westinghouse  Works 


TO  many  it  will  seem  only  a  few 
years  that  a  horse-car  rumbled 
over  the  cobblestone  pavement  in 
front  of  home;  and  most  of  us  re- 
member that  one  of  the  wonders  at 
the  World's  Fair  in  Chicago  was  the 
electric  lighting  of  the  grounds  and 
buildings.  In  thirty  years  has  the 
tangible  world  about  us  been  com- 
pletely modified  by  the  successful  ap- 
plication of  that  strange,  unseen  force, 
electricity. 

The  growth  of  the  electrical  indus- 
try is  almost  a  mushroom  variety,  re- 
garded from  the  standpoint  of  time, 
but  it  has  become  one  of  the  largest 
in  the  world.  Journals  that  record 
the  first  Niagara  development  furnish 
an  amusing  insight  into  the  skepticism 
of  the  passing  generation.  "Carry 
electricity  from  Niagara  Falls  to  Buf- 
falo, impossible ! ' '  Today  transmission 
lines  from  Niagara  furnish  power  to 
industries  two  hundred  and  fifty  miles 
west. 

Progress    Largely    Due 
To  Men  of  Great  Force 

Perhaps  the  possibilities  for  such  a 
tremendous  development  in  such  a 
brief  span  of  years  would  never  have 
been  realized  had  it  not  been  for  the 
force  of  such  men  as  the  late  George 
Westinghouse  and  Thomas  A.  Edison 
who  not  only  parted  the  veil  that 
clouds  the  future  by  conceiving,  in- 
venting and  perfecting  the  seemingly 
unknowable,  but  organized  their  in- 
dustries on  a  vast  scale. 

Westinghouse  lived  to  see  the  ideas 
he  gave  birth  to,  grown  to  an  extent 
that  the  entire  world  is  more  comfort- 
able and  better  cared  for  as  a  result. 
He  lived  to  see  the  Westinghouse  Elec- 
tric and  Manufacturing  Company  at 
East    Pittsburgh     cover    over    ninety 


acres  of  floor  space  and  include  in  its 
payrolls  30,000  people. 

The  Westinghouse  works  at  East 
Pittsburgh  are  among  the  largest  in 
the  world,  making  everything  electri- 
cal from  a  small  electric  traveller's 
iron  for  ladies,  to  a  huge  electric  loco- 
motive capable  of  hauling  a  heavy 
Pullman  train  sixty  miles  per  hour. 
From  Small  Beginning 
To  the  Size  of  a  City 

Beginning  in  1886,  with  a  force  of 
two  hundred  men  in  a  small  shop  in 
Garrison  Alley,  Pittsburgh,  it  has 
gradually  grown  to  its  present  size, 
'  a  plant  employing  people,  enough  for 
a  good-sized  city.  The  site  chosen 
when  the  company  had  outgrown  its 
quarters  at  Garrison  Alley  is  now  no 
longer  large  enough  and  another  plant 
known  as  the  Essington  Works  at 
South  Philadelphia,  already  in  opera- 
tion, bids  fair  to  equal  if  not  exceed 
the  mother  plant  at  East  Pittsburgh. 
Besides  these,  works  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  Mansfield,  Ohio,  and  others  are 
exclusively  devoted  to  the  manufac- 
ture of  electrical  products. 

The  Westinghouse  Electric  &  Manu- 
facturing Company  has  been  contin- 
ually a  leader  in  evolving  new  appli- 
cations, but  never  are  these  placed  oh 
the  market  until  they  have  been  tried 
out  under  the  most  severe  conditions 
and  the  most  captious  critics  are  satis- 
fied with  their  operation.  As  soon  as 
an  application  has  successfully  passed 
all  tests  and  is  ready  for  commercial 
application  it  is  placed  on  the  market 
but  not  before,  and  in  the  meantime 
the  engineers  are  constantly  striving 
to  find  some  other  application  which 
will  be  of  service  to  mankind. 

To  attempt  to  describe  the  works 
of  the  company  as  they  stand  today 


in  any  detail  would  be  impossible  in 
this  space,  but  a  general  glimpse  of 
some  of  the  salient  features  of  this  ex- 
tensive industry  will  give  the  reader 
an  idea  of  its  magnitude. 

The  power  house  supplying  energy 
for  the  works  has  a  capacity  of  20,000 
horsepower,  consuming  from  400  to 
500  tons  of  coal  per  day,  large  enough 
to  supply  a  town  of  considerable  size. 
The  power  is  generated  by  Westing- 
house Parsons  steam  turbines,  at  2,200 
volts  25  cycles,  alternating  current. 
It  is  transmitted  at  this  voltage  to 
various  parts  of  the  works  and  there 
stepped  down  to  voltage  suitable  for 
application. 

Section  R,  where  locomotives  and 
other  machines  are  erected,  is  70  feet 
wide  and  nearly  one-third  of  a  mile 
long,  making  it  one  of  the  largest  sin- 
gle areas  in  the  world  devoted  to 
manufacturing  purposes.  When  at  one 
end  it  is  hardly  possible  to  see  clearly 
to  the  other  end.  Five  huge  electric 
cranes  are  required  to  handle  the 
work  in  this  aisle.  There  are  alto- 
gether 108  of  these  cranes  in  the 
works,  varying  from  one  pound  to  100 
tons  in  capacity. 

Tour    of    Ten    Miles 
To  See  Whole  Works 

With  the  exception  of  some  of  the 
buildings  recently  erected  all  of  the 
works  are  under  one  connecting  roof 
and  to  see  it  all  completely  would  re- 
quire a  tour  of  approximately  ten 
miles. 

The  works  are,  in  construction  and 
equipment,  models  of  American  manu- 
facturing enterprises.  Each  section  is 
organized  and  equipped  for  the  pro- 
duction of  work  of  a  particular  char- 
acter. Section  A,  located  on  the  ex- 
treme left  as  one  enters  the  main 
building,  is  devoted  to  the  manufac- 
ture of  alternating  and  direct  current 
street  railway  motors;  section  C  to 
the  production  of  alternating  and  di- 
rect current  generators  and  motors  of 
capacity  less  than  100KW,  and  in  sec- 
tion B  and  D  larger  machines  are  con- 
structed, the  latter  section  especially 
being  equipped  with  tools  of  gigantic 


EAST    PITTSBURGH    WORKS    OF    WESTINGHOUSE    ELECTRIC 


196 


Pan  Pacific 


ASSEMBLING    ELECTRIC    MOTORS 


size  capable  of  handling  heavy  mater- 
ial of  large  dimensions. 

In  all  departments,  production  is 
carried  on  with  a  minimum  handling 
and  transportation  of  material.  The 
raw  material  or  rough  castings  enters 
a  department  at  one  end  and  passing 
through  successive  stages  of  manufac- 
ture is  carried  steadily  forward  to 
final  assembly  and  test.  The  machine 
is  generally  tested  and  prepared  for 
shipment  in  the  department  in  which 
it  is  constructed,  the  large  apparatus 
being  there  mounted  on  railway  cars. 

For  this  purpose  tracks  of  standard 
gauge  enter  every  aisle  and  a  number 
traverse  the  entire  building.  A  nar- 
row gauge,  storage  battery  operated 
railroad  runs  in  and  out  among  the 
various  buildings  at  East  Pittsburgh. 
Electric  storage  battery  trucks  also  are 
operated  between  the  various  sections 
for  transfer  of  material. 

Interesting   Processes 
Involved  in  Manufacture 

Many  interesting  processes  are  in- 
volved in  manufacturing  the  various 
types  of  apparatus.  Electric  welding 
machines  are  used  for  welding  of  large 
castings  that  have  been  broken  or  are 
incomplete.  This  is  the  Bernado,  or 
Arc  Weld,  and  is  used  on  account  of 
its  simplicity,  requiring  from  200  to 
500  amperes  at  70  volts,  alternating 
current ;  processes  of  acetylene  weld- 
ing used  in  the  construction  of  small 
steel  tanks  for  switches  and  transfor- 
mers and  for  heating  devices;  winding 
the  armature  and  fields  insulating  the 
slots,  holding  the  coils  in  the  slots, 
making  them  fire  proof  for  the  large 
machines  are  used  in  steel  mills;  the 


erection  of  large  electric  locomotives 
which  are  now  so  rapidly  replacing 
those  driven  by  steam  on  many  rail- 
roads. 

To  ship  the  vast  output  of  these 
works  requires  an  average  of  1,200 
carloads  a  month.  As  an  example  of 
the  range  in  size  of  apparatus  it  may 
be  mentioned  that  the  company  builds 
generators  from  1/10  of  a  horsepower 
to  80,000  horsepower  in  capacity. 

Nor  have  all  the  energies  of  the 
company  been  devoted  to  manufactur- 
ing facilities  and  increasing  output, 
for  extensive  arrangements  have  been 
made  for  the  welfare  of  the  em- 
ployees. 

Welfare    of    Employees 
Provided    by    Company 

This  company  has  always  been  a 
pioneer  in  providing  modern  and  up- 
to-date  methods  for  increasing  the 
safety,  comfort  and  convenience  of  its 
employees,  and  has  been  the  recipient 
of  numerous  medals  and  awards  at 
various  expositions  in  recognition  of 
this  work.  Throughout  the  works 
every  possible  safeguard  is  thrown 
around  the  employee  by  means  of 
guards,  enclosures  and  warning  signs, 
to  lessen  the  danger  of  accidents. 

So  carefully  are  machines  and  ap- 
pliances guarded  that  according  to  re- 
cent analysis  only  from  one-quarter  to 
three-tenths  of  one  per  cent  of  the  ac- 
cidents that  occurred  during  the  pre- 
ceding year  were  due  to  lack  of  safe- 
guards. 

Convenient  sanitary  wash  rooms  are 
provided  throughout  the  works.  The 
various  sections  of  the  shop  are  all 
provided    with    ample    lighting,    each 


system  designed  with  particular  ref- 
erence to  the  work  that  is  performed 
therein. 

Technical    Night     School 
For    Employees '     Benefit 

One  of  the  most  important  features 
of  the  company's  plan  for  the  better- 
ment of  its  employees  is  the  Casino 
Technical  Night  School,  operated  un- 
der the  auspices  of  the  company.  Ses- 
sions are  held  nine  months  a  year, 
three  nights  per  week,  in  the  Turtle 
Creek  Public  School  buildings  adjoin- 
ing the  works. 

The  general  purpose  of  the  company 
in  its  relief,  compensation  and  pension 
plans  as  far  as  it  reasonably  may,  is 
to  provide  sa  that  no  employees  or 
their  families  shall  come  to  want 
either  through  accident  to  employees 
when  on  duty,  or  because  of  disability 
from  other  causes  such  as  sickness  or 
accident  when  off  duty,  or  by  reason 
of  reaching  old  age  while  still  in  the 
service  of  the  company. 

The  relief  department  is  under  the 
direction  of  a  trained  corps  of  medical 
experts  and  maintained  for  the  benefit 
of  the  employees.  Dr.  C.  A.  Lauffer, 
the  Medical  Director,  who  has  achieved 
national  reputation  in  the  resuscitation 
of  supposedly  dead  people,  devotes  a 
portion  of  his  time  to  instructing  the 
employees  in  the  use  of  the  prone  pres- 
sure or  Schaeffer  method  of  resuscita- 
tion. As  a  result  many  lives  have 
been  saved  by  Westinghouse  men  fa- 
miliar with  this  method  who  hap- 
pened to  be  near  when  some  one  re- 
ceived a  shock,  electric  or  otherwise. 
Accident  Compensation 
For      Benefit      Payments 

The  company  supports,  for  the 
benefit  of  all  employees  an  accident 
compensation  fund  for  the  payment  of 
benefits  in  case  of  disability  or  death 
from  accident  occurring  to  employees 
while  at  work,  as  such,  and  for  the 
further  payment  of  accident  compen- 
sation pension  to  widows,  children  and 
other  dependents  in  case  of  death 
from  such  accidents. 

Service  pensions  are  awarded  to  all 
employees  who  are  members  of  the  re- 
lief department  and  who  upon  retire- 
ment or  above  the  age  of  seventy 
years,  have  been  twenty  or  more  years 
continuously  in  the  service  of  the  com- 
pany. The  pensions  are  one  per  cent 
of  the  average  monthly  wages  or  sal- 
ary during  the  last  ten  years  of  ser- 
vice for  each  year  of  continuous  ser- 
vice with  a  minimum  pension  of  $20.00 
per  month  and  maximum  of  $100  per 
month. 

Pittsburgh  has  long  reigned  su- 
preme in  the  industrial  field  and  her 
reputation  for  doing  big  things  has 
spread  abroad  and  throughout  the 
world.  In  the  achievement  of  this 
reputation,  however,  women  have  not 
played  a  particularly  prominent  part, 
because  of  a  general  belief  perhaps, 
on  the  part  of  the  male  sex  that  the  j 
work  was   beyond   their   capabilities. 


September    19/9 


197 


But  the  war  has  caused  us  to  look 
at  things  in  an  entirely  different  light. 
Jobs,  formerly  considered  too  difficult 
or  intricate  for  maidenly  hands  and 
minds  are  now  being  performed  by 
women  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of 
those  in  charge. 

Women  Are  Employed 
In       Industrial       Jobs 

Long  before  the  war,  however,  the 
Westinghouse  Electric  &  Manufactur- 
ing Company  had  employed  women  in 
a  number  of  industrial  occupations  for 
which  they  were  particularly  well 
fitted,  and  since  the  scarcity  of  labor 
is  beginning  to  be  felt  more  keenly, 
other  positions  are  filled  by  the  fair 
sex. 

The  tasks  they  do  require  no  great 
physical  strength.  Rather  the  work 
is  one  of  the  sort  where  they  sit  at 
tables  and  put  small  things  together, 
or  wind  fittings  with  taps,  or  wield 
varnish  brushes  on  objects  they  have 
made. 

Some  of  the  more  venturesome  of 
the  women  are  running  drill  presses 
and  milling  machines.  This  is  nothing 
new  over  in  Europe,  but  here  in  Amer- 
ica is  not  yet  so  often  met  with — ap- 
parently  largely  because  women  have 
not  learned  that  such  work  exists. 

Probably  the  most  obvious  occupa- 
tion of  the  girls  employed  at  the  big 
East  Pittsburgh  Works  is  that  of  wind- 
ing coils.  In  one  section  of  the  shop, 
there  are  several  hundred  girls  en- 
gaged in  operating  winding  machines 
and  they  seem  to  enjoy  the  work.  A 
steady  procession  of  coils  of  all  kinds 
come  from  their  busy  whirring  raa- 
i-hines.  The  company  offer  excep- 
tional opportunities  for  women,  and 
>ver  2,000  of  them  are  now  at  work 
in  various  jobs. 

Railway  Electrification 
a  Specialty  of  Company 
Electrification  of  railways  has  al- 
ways been  one  of  the  most  successful 
of  endeavor  of  the  Westinghouse 
Company  and  Pittsburgh  has  again 
added  to  its  laurels  in  the  way  of  in- 
dustrial supremacy,  having  furnished 
the  equipment  for  many  of  the  fore- 
most steam  railway  electrification  pro- 
jects in  this  country. 

Now  Pittsburgh  products  are  used 
transporting  thousands  of  passen- 
gers daily  over  some  of  the  world's 
greatest  railways,   such  as: 

The    Pennsylvania    Terminal    Sys- 
tem in  New  York. 

The  Long  Island  Railroad. 
The    New    York,    New    Haven    & 
Hartford  R.  R. 

The   Hoesac  Tunnel  of  the  Boston 
&  Maine  R.  R. 

The   Italian  State   Railway,   Giovi, 
Italy. 

The  Sarnia  Tunnel,  Detroit. 
The     Bluefield-Vivian     Section     of 
the    Norfolk   and    Western   R.    R.   in 
West  Virginia. 
Recently  a  contract  was  received  for 
locomotives  for  the  Chicago,  Milwau- 
kee &  St.  Paul  R.  R. 
Some   facts   in    tabloid    form    about 


the  Westinghouse  Electric  may  prove 
of  interest. 

Capital   stock,  $75,000,000. 

Coal  consumption  400  tons  per  day. 

A  total  floor  space  of  over  90  acres. 

Organized  In  1886  with  200  em- 
ployees. 

Capacity  power  house,  30,000  horse 
power. 

Monthlv  output  averages  over  $7,- 
000,000. 

Monthly  works  payroll  averages 
$3,250,000. 

Monthly  shipments  average  over 
1,200  carloads. 

To  traverse  entire  East  Pittsburgh 
works  would  require  a  walk  of  over 
ten  miles. 

Total  number  of  employees  of  the 
company  exceed  30,000. 

Total  of  108  electric  traveling 
cranes  in  capacities  of  1  pound  to  100 
tons  in  use. 

Section  R,  1657  feet  long,  70  feet 
wide,  one  of  the  largest  single  areas 
in  the  world  devoted  to  manufactur- 
ing. 

Installations  of  electrical  appara- 
tus made  and  installed  by  the  com- 
pany in  every  civilized  country  on 
the  globe. 

Average  monthly  output  equals 
approximately  one-half  million  horse- 


power, exclusive  of  detail  apparatus 
such  as  switchboards  and  accessories, 
fans,  meters,  heating  devices,  and 
other  miscellaneous  material  not 
generally  rated  in  horsepower  or 
kilowatts. 

In  addition  to  the  works  at  East 
Pittsburgh,  the  company  owns  plants 
at  the  following  points:  Newark,  N. 
J.,  arc  lamps  and  meters;  Cleveland, 
iron  castings;  Shadyside,  Pittsburgh, 
manufacture  of  starting,  lighting  and 
ignition  systems  for  automobiles; 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  Bryant  Electric 
Co.,  manufacturer  of  switches  and 
electrical  wiring  devices. 

Bloomfield,  N.  J.,  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
Trenton,  N.  J.,  and  New  York  City, 
works  of  the  Westinghouse  Lamp 
Company,  a  subsidiary  organization, 
employing  2,500  persons  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  incandescent 
lamps,  with  an  average  of  3,000,000 
per  month.  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  R.  D. 
Nuttall  Co.,  manufacturer  of  gears, 
pinions,  trolleys  and  flexible  couplings, 
the  largest  gear  manufacturer  in  the 
world. 


COOKING   ON   AUTOMATIC   ELECTRIC   RANGE 


198 


Pan  Pacific 


Growth  of  a  Los  Angeles  Industry. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works  has  Rapidly  Developed  Into  One  of  the  Largest  Plans  of  Its 

Kind  in  the   Country 


WHEN,  in  the  year  1917,  the 
call  for  ships  came  from  the 
Emergency  Fleet  Corporation  of  the 
United  States  Shipping  Board,  among 
the  first  to  respond  was  the  Llewellyn 
Iron  Works  of  Los  Angeles. 

The  Llewellyn  Iron  Works  was  es- 
tablished, as  a  small  foundry,  in  1886, 
incorporated  in  1894,  and  at  present 
has  a  capital  stock  of  $1,500,000.00.  It 
operates  two  large  plants,  the  manu- 
facturing and  fabricating  plant,  con- 
sisting of  machine  shop,  boiler  shop, 
structural  shop,  plate  shop,  electrical 
equipment  and  forge  shop,  located  at 
Los  Angeles,  while  the  rolling  mills, 
gray  iron  foundry  and  steel  foundries 
are  located  at  Torrance,  making  the 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works  the  only  self- 
contained  plant  of  its  kind  west  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains. 

The  Emergency  Fleet  Corporation, 
seeing  the  advantages  of  this  plant, 
placed  with  it  orders  for  a  large  num- 
ber of  1,400  H.  P.  and  2,800  H.  P.  ma- 
rine engines,  besides  marine  boilers, 
fuel  and  oil  tanks  for  its  ships,  and 
the  Llewellyn  Iron  Works  was  among 
the  few ,  contractors  in  the  United 
States  who  completed  their  orders 
ahead  of  specified  contract  time. 

An  idea  of  the  speed  that  was  at- 
tained at  these  plants  on  the  Emer- 
gency   Fleet    Corporation's    contracts 


can  be  arrived  at  when  it  is  stated 
that  one  2,800  H.  P.  marine  engine, 
complete,  was  shipped  every  six  days, 
or  two  1,400  H.  P.  marine  engines 
every  six  days ;  also  one  marine  water 
tube  cross  drum  type  boiler  every  day, 
besides  other  equipment  for  the  ships 
such  as  anchor  windlasses,  cargo 
winches,  capstans,  davits,  and  soforth. 

At  the  Torrance  plant  all  of  the  re- 
inforcing bars  for  the  concrete  ships 
built  by  the  Emergency  Fleet  Corpora- 
tion, both  at  Oakland  and  San  Diego, 
were  rolled;  besides  a  large  quantity 
of  rods  used  in  the  wooden  ships  in 
Southern  California. 

The  plants  of  the  Llewellyn  Iron 
Works  cover  approximately  thirty-five 
acres,  with  more  than  four  miles  of 
standard  railroad  track.  All  machin- 
ery is  driven  by  electricity  and  nat- 
ural gas  is  the  only  fuel  used  in  the 
plant.  All  buildings  are  of  fire-proof 
steel  construction  and  the  entire  plant 
represents  an  investment  of  more  than 
$2,000,000. 

In  its  Los  Angeles  plant,  where  are 
located  its  general  offices,  are  the  ma- 
chine shops,  forging  plant,  engine 
erecting  shop,  and  boiler,  tank  and 
structural  steel  shops. 

The  forge  shop,  equipped  with  a  15 
ton  electric  traveling  crane  and  eight 
large  jib-type  cranes,  as  well  as  five 


heating  furnaces  with  boiler  and 
power  equipment,  contains  also  six 
steam  hammers,  one  of  which  is  of 
8,000  pounds  capacity. 

Nearby  stands  the  machine  shops, 
well  ventilated,  cement-floored,  and 
equipped  with  every  device  for  finish- 
ing the  raw  material  produced  at  the 
Torrance  plant.  Engine  lathes,  screw 
machines,  vertical  and  horizontal 
mills,  planers,  borers,  shapers  and  slot- 
ters,  gear  cutters  and  grinders,  drill 
presses — all  of  the  most  modern  and 
efficient  type — are  here  ready  for  large 
or  small  work. 

The  boiler  and  tank  shop,  covering 
.38,300  square  feet  of  ground  space, 
contains  the  plate  and  angle  shears, 
the  riveters,  rolls,  hammers,  200  ton 
hydraulic  presses,  drills,  planers,  calk- 
ers,  etc.,  and  is  ready  at  all  times  to 
•  produce  tanks,  boilers  and  pipe  of  any 
size. 

Six  2,800  H.  P.  marine  engines  may 
be  erected  at  the  same  time  on  the 
floor  of  the  erecting  shop.  All  parts 
are  handled  by  gigantic  cranes,  one 
being  capable  of  handling  a  load  of 
more  than  forty  tons.  Under  the  effi- 
cient methods  used,  only  six  days  are 
necessary  to  assemble,  test  and  pre- 
pare for  shipment  a  omplete  2,800  H. 
P.  triple  expansion  marine  engine. 


LLEWELLYN    MACHINE   SHOP 


September    19  19 


199 


*•£- 


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LLEWELLYN    MARINE   WATER   TUBE    BOILERS 


The  Torrance  plant,  designed  and 
furnished  with  equipment  built  in 
great  part  at  the  Los  Angeles  plant, 
is  where  the  raw  material  is  produced, 
lere  are  formed  the  great  ingots, 
varying  from  one-half  ton  to  twenty- 
ive  tons  in  weight.  Castings  for  ma- 
rine engines,  ship  and  shipbuilding 
equipment  are  made  here  in  great 
piantity. 


A  complete  rolling  mill,  foundry 
with  forty-two  inch  and  seventy-two 
inch  cupulos,  an  electric  steel  furnace, 
and  a  machine  shop  prepared  to  make 
repairs  in  all  parts  of  the  plant  are 
maintained  at  a  high  degree  of  effi- 
ciency. 

Llewellyn  equipment  has  earned  a 
high  reputation  in  all  parts  of  the 
world  and  it  is  becoming  quite  a  usual 


thing  for  the  traveler  to  see  in  far 
quarters  of  the  globe  the  words 
"Llewellyn  Iron  Works"  cast  in  the 
highest  class  iron  and  steel  products. 
In  addition  to  its  large  domestic 
trade,  the  Llewellyn  Iron  Works  is 
now  exporting  rolling  mill  products 
and  large  quantities  of  their  manu- 
factured products  to  all  Pacific  ports. 


LLEWELLYN   1,400   H.   P.   ENGINE 


200 


Pan   Pacific 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  folio  wring  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 


ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  Jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St..  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 


THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX.55   Defiance,   Ohio. 


AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 


ANSCO  COMPANY,  Blnghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St..  London.  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 


THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City.  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 


ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable   address    "ARNOTT." 


J.  ARON  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall  St.,  New 
York  City.  Branches  at  San  Francisco,  New 
Orleans,  Chicago,  London,  England  and  Santos, 
Brazil.  General  exporters  and  importers.  Cor- 
respondence solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable 
address   "ARONCO." 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters a"^d  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  enamel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress "AMICO." 


CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 


EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  LeidsdorfC 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 


THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address    "BEAVER." 


F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  land  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 


BRADY  &  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith  Building, 
Seattle,  Washington.  Shipping  and  Commis- 
sion. Importers  and  Exporters  salmon,  oils, 
steel,   lumber,   fertilizer.     Established   1892. 


BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.     All   languages. 


CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 


CONNELL  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  L.  C. 
SMITH  Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  General 
importers  and  exporters.  Offices  at  Shang- 
hai, Manila,  Hong  Kong  and  Singapore.  Corre- 
spondence in  all  languages.  Cable  address 
"CONNELL." 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf,  skins, 
glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery  leather,  etc. 
Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 


DILL-CROSETT,  Inc.,  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia. Exporters  of  steel  products,  acids,  rosin, 
chemicals,  dye  stuff,  phenol,  etc.  Importers  of 
fish  oil,  hides,  coffee,  coconut  oil,  beans,  copra, 
castor  oil,  tallow,  silks,  etc.  Branch  offices: 
New  York,  Kobe,  Japan  and  Sydney,  Australia. 
All  languages  and  codes  used. 


L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Corresnondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 


JAMES  P.  DWAN,  American  Nat.  Bank  Bldg., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Exporters  and  Importer. 
General  'purchasing  agent  for  foreign  buyers. 
Building  materials,  machinery,  ores,  metals,  oils. 
Foreign  office,  Missions  Building.  The  Bund, 
Canton,   China.     Cable  address  DWAN. 


September    19  19 


201 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


GENERAL,  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Sansome  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 


B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 


INGRIM  -  RUTDEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Monigomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 


MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leatner 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
hildren's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  ana  out- 
ng  shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
hipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
"VTNMAR." 

MILL  &  MINE  SUPPLY  COMPANY,  Seattle, 
Washington.  Iron,  bolts,  chain,  axes,  belting, 
ogging  tools,  steel,  nuts,  waste,  saws,  pulleys, 
"able  address  "MILESMINE."  Export  orders 
olicited. 

JORELAND  MOTORLAND  TRUCK  COM- 
PANY, 1701  North  Main  Street,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Manufacturers  of  motor  trucks  of  vari- 
ous sizes,  which  will  burn  either  distillate  or 
gasoline,  making  possible  a  saving  of  50%  in 
fuel. 


R.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY,  717  Market  Street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  in  San  Francisco. 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 


OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY.  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 


PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY,  67  New  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporters  of  bath-tubs,  toil- 
ets, lavatories,  sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing 
fixtures,  etc.  Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of 
export  orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 


VICTOR  PATRON,  112  Market  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan,  Mexico. 
Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and  export 
representative.  Prices  and  catalogues  furnished 
on  application. 


C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 


PURNELL  &  PAGETT,  Canton,  China.  Ar- 
chitects and  civil  engineers.  Investigations,  in- 
spections and  valuations.  Bridges,  steel  con- 
struction, wharves  and  docks.  Cable  address 
PANEL.     W.  U.  Code  and  A.  B.  C. 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export:  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Shoes,  rubbers,  tennis 
and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds;  all  styles.  Bentley 
Code  used. 


ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 


ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing. Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 


PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Importers,  exporters,  manu- 
facturers' agents,  purchasing  agents.  All  codes. 
Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 


SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 


SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 


SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shipcomco." 
All  codes  used. 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address   CHENRYINC. 


HERBERT  T.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnois. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 


THOMAS  &  COMPANY— Importers  and  Ex- 
porters. Importers,  and  buyers  of  copra,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  peanut  oil,  soya  bean  oil,  China  wood 
oil,  whale  oil.  fish  oils  and  tallows.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "THOMAS"   Seattle. 


THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON,  316  First  St., 
So.  Seattle,  Wash.  Electrical  and  mining  ma- 
chinery. Specialists  on  rewinding  machinery  of 
all   kinds.     Installers  of  complete  plants. 


UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  AND  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Seattle,  Washington— Shipowners, 
ship  brokers,  importers  and  exporters.  Marine 
cargo  surveyors  and  appraisers.  World  wide 
charterers.  Agencies  in  all  principal  ports. 
Cable  address  "USATCO"  Seattle.  UNSHIP- 
STRAD   New  York. 


WESTERN  COMMERCIAL  COMPANY,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. — Brokers  between  Japan  and 
America.  Direct  representation  in  the  Orient. 
Buy  or  sell  goods  in  the  Orient.  Anything — 
any    amount.     Cable    address    "WECO." 


WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 


WORLEY-MARTIN  COMPANY,  617  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Wool, 
hides,  tallow,  oils  and  Oriental  products.  Hard- 
ware and  steel  products,  drugs  and  specialties. 
Represented  in  China  and  Japan.  Desires  lines 
to  introduce.     Cable  address  "WORLEY." 


ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and  samples 
of  paper  for  export.  Represented  at  Yokohama 
and  Shanghai.  Cable  address  "ZELLERBACH." 
All  codes. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


202 


Pan  Pacific 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 

BATH-TUBS 
Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 

BLANKETS,  QUILTS,  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS,   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific   Marine   Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 

BOOTS 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Williams  Marvin  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Company. 

BROKERAGE  AND  COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

James  P.   Dwan 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CANNED  GOODS 

C    M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS,   CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES,   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 

CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Interstate  Pattern  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 

B.   F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfgs.  Importing  Co. 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

D.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mrgs.  Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 
DRESS  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 
FERTILIZERS 

Brady  &  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
FOOD  PRODUCTS 

Rothwell   &  Company. 

Sherman   Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

National  Products  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

Chas.  A.  Bacon. 


F.  Griffin  &  Company. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Brady  &   Company. 
GAS  ENGINES 

Shipbuilders  Machinery  Company. 

Arnott  &  Company. 

Aerothrust   Engine   Company. 
GLASSWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 
GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 
Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 
HARDWARE 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Joost  Brothers,  Inc. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

HIDES 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 

James  P.  Dwan. 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

LAVATORIES 
Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 

A.  J.  &  J.  R.  Cook. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seatle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Connell  Brothers  Company. 

J.  Aron  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.    Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.   Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

OILS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

James  P.  Dwan. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

Brady  &  Co. 
ORIENTAL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Zellerbach  Taper  Company. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &   MATERIALS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
RAW  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

A.  O.  Andersen  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
RICE 

F.   Griffin  &  Co. 
ROOFING      . 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Dill-Crosett,  Inc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company.  .  :, 

SINKS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
SPORTING  GOODS. 

Joost   Brothers,   Inc. 
SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL   AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Worley-Martin  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.    C.    Rulofson   Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard   Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TALLOW 

Worley-Martin  Company. 
TANKS,  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
TEXTILE  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 


September    19  19 


203 


TRUING  CRANK  SHAFT  2,800   H.   P.   ENGINE 


MARINE  SECTION 


The  following  marine  insurance  companies,  surveyors,  brokers  and  adjusters  are  reliable  and  of  good  standing. 
This  publication  believes  that  all  dealings  had  with  these  concerns  will  prove  satisfactory  in  every  particular. 


MARINE  INSURANCE 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

Aetna  Insurance  Company. 

Atlantic  Mutal  Insurance  Company. 

Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Company. 

Fireman's   Fund   Insurance    Company. 

Home  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co.  of  Calif. 

Liverpool  &  London  &  Globe  Insurance  Co. 

H.   M.  Newhall  &  Company. 


MARINE  SURVEYORS 


(San    Francisco,   Cal.) 


Ernest  Bent 
L.   Curtis 
James  F.  Fowler 
W.   F.  Mills 


W.   J.  Murray 
John   Rinder 
J.  Seale  &  Company 
Frank  Walker 


Thomas  Wallace 


SHIP,  CUSTOM  AND 
FREIGHT  BROKERS 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

C.  Beyful  &  Company 
H.   D.   Bowly 
W.  J.  Byrnes 
3rady  &  Co. 

2.  D.  Bunker  &  Company. 
John  W.  Chapman 
"Prank  P.  Dow 
Davies,  Turner  &  Company 
".  F.  G.  Harper  &  Company 

rederle  Henry 

red  Holmes  &  Son. 
lenry  Kirchmann,  Jr. 
Bernard  Judae  Company 


Kincaid  Shipping  Company. 

Martins-Gardens  Company. 

E.  Griffin  &  Co. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Page  Brothers. 

George  W.   Reed  &   Company. 

W.   S.   Scammel  &  Company. 

W.  B.  Thornley. 


(Portland,  Oregon) 

Else  Shipping  Company. 
C.  V.   Ericesson  &  Company. 
Taylor  &  Young  Company. 
Tegen  &  Main. 

(Seattle,   Washington) 
Frank  P.  Dow  Company,  Inc. 
Fankner,  Currie  &  Company,  Inc. 


MARINE  ADJUSTERS 

When  in  need  of  the  services  of  reliable  ma- 
rine adjusters,  exporters  and  importers  will  find 
it  to  their  advantage  to  consult  any  of  the  con- 
cerns listed  below. 


(San    Francisco,   California.) 


Creditors'   Adjustment   Company. 
Dodwell  &  Company. 
Insurance  Company  of  North  America. 
London  &  Lancashire  Fire  Insurance  Co. 
H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 
Pacific   Coast   Adjusting  Bureau. 
Springfield  Fire  &  Marine  Insurance  Co. 
Union  Marine  Insurance  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 

(Seattle,   Washington) 


Dodwell  &  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 


STEAMSHIP  LINES 

OPERATING  IN 

THE  PACIFIC 

(San  Francisco,  California) 

CHINA   MAIL    STEAMSHIP    COMPANY 

San   Francisco   to  the   Orient. 
OCEANIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  Sydney,  Australia. 
ROBERT   DOLLAR  COMPANY 

Oriental  Trade. 
EAST  ASIATIC   COMPANY,   LTD. 

Oriental  Trade. 
W.   R.   GRACE  &  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports  and  Orient. 
GULF  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Central  &   South  American  Ports. 
PACIFIC  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Mexico,   South   America  and   Orient. 
CHARLES   NELSON  COMPANY 

Hawaiian  Islands. 
A.  F.  THANE  &  COMPANY 

Australia. 
TOYO  KISEN  KAISHA 

San  Francisco  and  Orient. 
JAVA  -CHINA- JAPAN-LI  JN 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

San  Francisco  to  Netherland  East  Indies. 
JOHNSON  LINE 

San  Francisco  to  Scandinavian  Ports. 
MERCHANTS  LINE 

Pacific,   Atlantic  &  South  America. 
OCEAN  TRANSPORT  COMPANY,  LTD. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 
TRANS-OCEANIC   CO. 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

(Oregon  and   Washington) 
PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
OSAKA  SHOSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
SEATTLE  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY  ' 

Seattle  to  Australia  and   South  Africa. 


FOREIGN  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 


JAPAN 

\ndrews  &  George  Co.,  Inc Tokio 

\ki  &  Company Osaka 

\be  Kobei   Yokohama 

lasuda  &   Company  Yokohama 

iurato  &  Umtanni  Kobe 

■Josawa  &  Company  Tokio 

Samuel  Samuel  &  Co.,  Ltd Tokio 

Eonei   Shoten   Tokio 

PHILIPPINE    ISLANDS 

Parsons  Hardware  Co.,  Inc Manila 

F.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Ltd Manila 

Earner,   Barnes  &    Co.,   Ltd Manila 


CHINA 

Andersen,   Meyer  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

J.  M.  Alver  &  Company Hong  Kong 

Dodwell  &  Company  Shanghai 

Okura  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

Shewan,  Tonmes  &  Co Hong  Kong 

Harry  Wicking  &  Company  Hong  Kong 

STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 

Central   Engine  Works,   Ltd Singapore 

Katz  Brothers,  Ltd Penang,  S.   S. 

Patterson,  Simons  &  Co.,  Ltd Penang,  S.  S. 

Straist  Industrial  Syndicate Singapore 


AUSTRALIA 

Brown  &   Dureau,   Ltd Perth 

Capron,   Carter  &  Co.,  Ltd Sydney 

Essex  R.   Picot  Sydney 

Eliza   Tinsley    Melbourne 

A.  H.  &  A.  E.  Humphries Melbourne 

A.   Gonlnan  &  Co.,  Ltd New  Castle 

James  Hardie  &  Company Sydney 

Turnbull  &  Niblett  Sydney 

NEW   ZEALAND 

W.  H.  Long  &  Company Wellington 

F.  W.  Markham  Wellington 

Herbert  G.  Teagle,  Ltd Wellington 


204  Pan    Pacific 

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IMPORTERS  AND  BUYERS 
OF 

Copra       Cocoanut  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil     Peanut  Oil 

Cottonseed  Oil        Sesam  Seed 

China  Wood  Oil     Whale  Oil 

Fish  Oils  and  Tallows 


Full  Trainload  of  Copra 


THOMAS   &   COMPANY 


Cable  Address: 
THOMAS,  SEATTLE 


IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


CABLE  US  YOUR  OFFERINGS 


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CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


BATAVIA,  JAVA — Firm  desires  to  correspond 
with  manufacturers  and  exporters  interested 
in  trade  with  the  Dutch  East  Indies.  Address 
Pan  Pacific,  Box  690. 

KUALA  LUMPUR,  STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 
— Firm  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters 
and  manufacturers  of  goods  suitable  for  mar- 
ket in  the  Federated  Malay  States  and  Straits 
Settlements.  Interested  in  machinery,  elec- 
trical supplies,  hardware,  underwear,  paints, 
estates  and  mining  requisites.  Address  Box 
691,  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Firm  in  Holland  de- 
sires to  get  in  touch  with  importers  of  demi- 
johns, 1,  2,  3  gallons  with  matting  around 
them,  used  for  containing  chemicals.  Address 
Box  692,  Pan  Pacific. 

JAFFA  (TEL-ABIB),  PALESTINE  —  Firm 
would  like  to  communicate  with  exporters  of 
candies  and  chocolate.  Desires  samples, 
prices  and  conditions.  Address  Box  693,  Pan 
Pacific. 

ALEXANDRIA,  EGYPT— Firm  desirous  of  es- 
tablishing connection  with  firm  desirous  of 
exporting  cotton  goods,  especially  in  cabots, 
to  Egypt,  Sudan  and  Abyssinia.  Also  inter- 
ested in  chemicals.  Address  Box  694,  Pan 
Pacific. 

JOHANNESBURG,  SOUTH  AFRICA— Firm  is 
seeking  managership  for  an  insurance 
company,  wishing  to  transact  business  in  So. 
Africa.  Also  seeking  representations  for  ship- 
ping companies  desiring  to  be  represented  in 
that  section.     Address  Box  695,  Pan  Pacific. 

CONSTANTINOPLE,  TURKEY— Firm  would 
like  to  represent  in  the  Near  East  and  the 
Balkans  American  firms  dealing  in  leathers, 
shoes,  rubber  and  manufactured  articles.  Ad- 
dress Box  696,   Pan  Pacific. 

COLIMA,  MEXICO— Party  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  firm  making  a  specialty  of  small 
elevators  and  dirt  scrapers.  Apply  Box  697, 
Pan  Pacific. 

SANTIAGO,  CUBA — Commission  merchant  de- 
sires to  represent  in  Cuba  exporters  of  food 
products.  Especially  interested  in  Rangoon 
or  California  rice.  Address  Box  698,  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

SAIGON,  INDO-CHINA— Firm  would  like  to 
communicate  with  manufacturers  of  confec- 
tionery who  wish  to  export  to  Saigon.  Ad- 
dress Box   699,    Pan  Pacific. 

MADRAS,  INDIA — Automobile  dealers  in  Ma- 
dras desire  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  of 
motor  vehicles  and  accessories.  Address  Box 
700,  Pan  Pacific. 

ZAGREG,  JUGO  SLAVIA— Firm  desires  to  com- 
municate with  manufacturers  and  exporters 
desiring  to  extend  their  foreign  commerce  to 
Jugo  Slavia.     Address  Box  701,  Pan  Pacific. 

MONTEVIDO,  URUGUAY— Firm  with  office  in 
Argentina,  Chile  and  Uruguay  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  manufacturers  and  exporters 
desiring  to  extend  their  foreign  trade.  Address 
Box  702,  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Commission  merchant  is  de- 
sirous of  communicating  with  canners  of  sar- 
dines who  desire  to  be  represented  in  Havana. 
Address  Box  703,  Pan  Pacific. 

BRISBANE,  AUSTRALIA — Party  would  like  to 
get  in  touch  with  manufacturers  desiring  an 
agent,  in  Australia.  Address  Box  704,  Pan 
Pacific. 


PADANG,  SUMATRA— Firm  in  Padang  would 
like  to  get  in  touch  with  importers  and  ex- 
porters. Exports:  Coffee,  rattans,  cassia, 
hides,  spices,  etc.  Imports:  Corrugated  roof 
iron,  wire  nails,  piece  goods,  flour,  canned 
goods,  estate  requisites,  agricultural  machin- 
ery, etc.,  and  are  desirous  of  considering 
agencies  in  other  lines.  Address  Box  705,  Pan 
Pacific. 

EDMONTON,  ALBERTA— Firm  would  like  to 
get  in  touch  with  dealers  in  Prime  California 
Redwood — 3x5  and  3x9.  Desires  quotations  by 
wire,  also  date  when  delivery  could  be  made. 
Address  Box  706,   Pan  Pacific. 

SYDNEY,  AUSTRALIA— Well  established  Aus- 
tralian firm  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  im- 
porters of  wool,  sheep  skins,  rabbit  skins, 
butter  and  copra.  Address  Box  707,  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

SAN  SALVADOR,  SALVADOR— Firm  desires  to 
get  in  touch  with  exporters  of  flour,  corru- 
gated, stamped  and  plain  iron  sheeting  and 
other  metals  such  as  expanded  metals  for 
building  purposes.  Oregon  Pine  and  Redwood 
matched  and  plain  lumber;  cement,  paints  and 
hardware.     Address  Box  708,  Pan  Pacific. 

NAGOYA,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  get  in  touch 
with  exporters  of  skin,  leather,  feather,  cot- 
ton goods,  paper,  cedar,  iron  and  steel,  fancy 
goods,  toilet  goods,  watches  and  clocks.  Ad- 
dress Box  709,  Pan  Pacific. 

CZECHO,  SLOVONAC  REPUBLIC— San  Fran- 
cisco merchant  leaving  for  these  countries 
shortly  and  would  like  to  get  in  touch  with 
houses  wishing  to  export  goods  to  that  and 
neighboring  countries.  Address  Box  710,  Pan 
Pacific. 

HABANA,  CUBA — Party  is  desirous  of  getting 
in  touch  with  exporters  and  dealers  in  canned 
fruits  and  groceries.  Address  Box  711,  Pan 
Pacific. 

KOBE,  JAPAN— Firms  desires  to  get  in  touch 
with  dealers  and  importers  in  sparterie,  silk 
and  piece  goods.  Address  Box  712  Pan  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Importing  and  exporting  con- 
cern desirous  of  getting  in  touch  with  gas 
company  that  is  producing  sulphate  of  am- 
monia. They  wish  to  purchase  in  large  quan- 
tities. Bank  references  furnished.  Address 
Box  713,   Pan  Pacific. 

SHANGHAI,  CHINA— An  importing  and  ex- 
porting concern  is  sending  a  representative 
to  Shanghai  and  expects  to  open  sample  rooms 
and  have  an  exhibit  in  that  city.  For  further 
information  address  Box  L714,   Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  ZEALAND — Importer  is  in  the  market 
for  plumbers'  requisites,  copper  sheets,  brass 
tubing  and  globe  valves.  Address  Box  L715, 
Pan  Pacific. 

GUAYAQUIL,  ECUADOR— Firm  wishes  to  buy 
dry  goods,  especially  cheap  cotton  goods  and 
hardware.     Address    Box    L716    Pan    Pacific. 

PERU — Party  from  Peru  now  in  New  York  de- 
sires agencies  for  Peru  in  agricultural  ma- 
chinery, food  products,  electrical  goods,  wear- 
ing apparel  and  general  merchandise.  Address 
Box  L717,  Pan  Pacific. 

DUTCH  EAST  INDIES— American  trading  com- 
pany with  offices  in  Holland,  Belgium  and 
Dutch  East  Indies,  desires  to  secure  agencies 
for  the  sale  in  these  countries  of  foodstuffs, 
provisions,  chemicals  and  general  merchan- 
dise.    Address  Box  L718  Pan  Pacific. 


AUSTRALIA — Importer  from  Australia  now  in 
United  States  desires  connection  with  export- 
ers with  view  toward  securing  agencies  for 
the  sale  of  notions,  novelties,  stationery, 
toilet  goods  and  small  goods  usually  sold  in 
department  stores.  Address  Box  L719,  Pan 
Pacific. 

ECUADOR — Municipality  in  Ecuador  has  asked 
for  tenders  for  the  construction  of  an  electric 
light  and  power  plant  which  will  be  hydro- 
electric constructed.  Address  Box  L720,  Pan 
Pacific. 

JAVA — Party  in  Java  is  in  market  for  cotton 
and  knitted  goods,  hosiery,  provisions,  metal 
and  chemicals.  Address  Box  L721,  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

AUSTRALIA — Firm  in  Australia  desires  con- 
nection with  American  exporters  of  electrical 
wires,  cables,  conduits,  machinery,  lamps,  fit- 
tings and  glass  ware.  Metals,  metal  products, 
machinery  for  industrial  purposes,  hardware, 
plate  glass,  sheet  glass,  lumber,  oils,  chem- 
icals,  paper.     Address  Box  L722,   Pan  Pacific. 

WATE  RECLAMATION  SERVICE  of  Depart- 
ment of  Commerce  is  in  touch  with  parties 
having  for  sale  about  4,000  special  tank  cars. 
These  tank  cars  are  constructed  on  small  7 
inch  flanged  wheels  carried  on  block  bearings, 
have  a  wooden  frame  which  supports  a  sub- 
stantial wooden  box  lined  on  the  inside  and 
outside  with  galvanized  iron  sheet,  with  tight 
lids  of  wood,  covered  on  both  sides  with  sheet 
iron.  The  cars  are  8  feet  long  and  4  feet 
wide,   36   inch   gauge   wheels.     Address  direct. 

ARGENTINA  —  Importer  in  Argentina  with 
agencies  in  Chile,  Uruguay  and  Paraguay, 
wishes  to  represent  American  manufacturers 
and  exporters  of  drugs  and  chemicals,  ce- 
ment, asphalt,  cotton,  tin  in  sheets,  lumber, 
food  stuffs  and  textiles.  Address  Box  L723, 
Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  ZEALAND — General  importing  firm  in 
New  Zealand  in  market  for  general  grocery 
lines,  butcher  and  baker  requisites;  household 
novelties,  glassware  and  crockeryware.  Cata- 
logs are  also  requested  covering  ironmongery, 
cutlery,  tobacconists'  and  chemist  sundries. 
Address   Box   L724,    Pan   Pacific. 

BOLIVIA — Firm  desires  connection  with  export- 
ers of  typewriters  desiring  of  extending  their 
business  in  Bolivia.  Also  manufacturers  of 
gas  lamps,  groceries,  electrical  filters,  glass- 
ware, cutlery,  gasoline  and  kerosene.  Address 
Box  L725,  Pan  Pacific. 

COLOMBIA — Firm  desires  to  purchase  pharma- 
ceutical supplies,  crude  drugs,  aniline  dyes, 
candies  and  stationery.  Address  Box  L726, 
Pan  Pacific. 

AUSTRALIA — Firm  desires  to  purchase  for  use 
in  Australia  small  refrigerating  plants  of 
about  one  ton  capacity  driven  by  electric  mo- 
tors, kerosene  or  petrol  engines  suitable  for 
home  or  farm.     Address  Box  727,  Pan  Pacific. 

MEXICO — Firm  in  Mexico  desires  to  purchase 
as  a  user  and  wholesaler  new  and  used  jute 
sacks  for  packing  sesame  seed.  Double  seam 
or  bound  sack  required,  28  inch  by  40  inch, 
weight  2%  lbs.     Address  Box  728,  Pan  Pacific. 


SPANISH  TRANSLATIONS:  Expert  Translator; 
legal  documental  or  other  matter;  Spanish 
correspondence  a  specialty;  reasonable;  satis- 
faction guaranteed.  Address  ESW,  c/o  Pan 
Pacific,    618    Mission    St. 


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FIELD  SEEDS 


FLOWER  SEEDS 


Backed  by  the  largest  seed  growers  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  and  the  interior 

1499  SUTTER  STREET 


HIGH  PURITY— STRONG  GERMINATION 
Correspondence  in  any  language 

ADRIAN   J.  SCHOORL 


We  solicit  your  inquires — spot 
or  future  shipments 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


JMniimiimiiiiiiiniiiHiiiniimiimiimiiniiniii  mill  nil  Mil  jiiiiHiiiniiuiiimiiniimiiniimiimiiniin 


September    19  19 


205 


gimiiiitmiitmmmiimiiiiiimmimmiilimiiiiiiimimiimiiimiiiilimimiimiimitmiiiiii[iiimiimimHmimilimilimmifmmmmmmmit!=         ^iiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinMiiiiiiHiiiniinMiiiiiiuliiHiliiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiMillllluillltillililluillllllllllllllllniiiiiiiiihiiiM1- 

I  THE  CHAS.  A.  BACON  CO.  |    I  GENERAL    PAPER    CO.  | 


EXPORTERS,     IMPORTERS    AND     MANUFACTURERS 
REPRESENTATIVES 

417  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.S.A. 

CABLE  ADDRESS:  "CABCO"  Code  A   B  C— 5th   Edition 

What   do   you   wish   to   buy?    What  do   you   wish    to   sell? 

Write  or  cable  us  at  once.     We  have  unexcelled  facilities  for 

handling  your  entire  business;  selling,  buying  and  forwarding 

REFERENCES: 

Banca  Popolare  Fugazl  R.  G.  Dun  Mercantile  Agency    j 

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525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 
Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"  All   Codes 

Bank  _-^«-      —T^-^  Paper 

References:         .x^5»  /V     JDiO 
Bank   of   Italy  PV^Vl        CLR 


San     Francisco 


Mill 
Representatives 


BRANCH    OFFICES:     Seattle,   Portland,   Los  Angeles 

Dealers   In    News,   Book,  Writing,  Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and  Wrapping   Papers 

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BROKER 


BETWEEN 


AMERICA 

and  JAPAN 


We  SELL  Your  Goods  in  Japan 
ANYTHING 
Direct  Representation  in  the  Orient 
For  Further   Information   Address 

Cable  Address:  "WECO" 

'"""" " "" »'"'■ mitlllimililiniiimmimiiniinilinillliillniiiiiiiiminiiiiiniMliimiiiiii mini mi: imiiimiimiimiimiiiiiimimimiimimii inn i iimimn minium imiiinimiiiniiiiiiiiiimni inn mill I?. 


Western  Commercial  Co. 


We  BUY  Your  Goods  in  Japan 
ANY  AMOUNT 

300  WHOLESALE  TERMINAL  BLDG. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


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JAMES  P.  DWAN 

621  American  National  Bank  Building 

EXPORTER  —  IMPORTER 

General  Purchasing  Agent  for  Foreign  Buyers 

Building  Materials 
Machinery,  Ores,  Metals,  Oils 

Offices  at 

539  CITIZENS  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING 

Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

MISSIONS  BUILDING,  THE  BUND,  CANTON,  CHINA 

CaWe  Address,  "DWAN" 


Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
"PROVEN  QUALITY" 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 


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AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-ENGINES -WAGONS- 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

and 

All  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT I CO 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  .SOUTHWEST  - 

IIZ  118  SO.  LOS  ANCELES  ST.  LOS  ANGELES 


•niii!iiiiiiniiiitiiiiiiniiiiiiii[iiiiiiiiiiniiiii[ii]iii!i[iHiiiiiiiiitiiitiiiiiii:iiiiniiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiii^ 
!     MULTIGRAPHING        MIMEOGRAPHING     j 

|    BRUCKMAN     | 

TRANSLATING  and 
TYPING     BUREAU 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 

Telephone  Douglas  1316 


aiiiilimmiiiiiimmiiiiiiimiimimiiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiimiiimimiimiii iiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiimimiimiiiiiiiiiimiimiimiimimiiff.        jiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiminiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiininiiiiiiiiniiinr. 

^"""iiiiminnniiiiiiimiimimnimnnnninmnmiimimniimimiiinimiimm 

I  Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co.  I 

CUSTOM  HOUSE   BROKERS  U.    S.    BONDED    STORAGE 

Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders  Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Distributing,  Consolidating  •= 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington  Branch  Offices!       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

"Serutce  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 


lillllllll 


Luiiiiiitiniitiiii iiiimimiiimimiimimiimiimiiiiiilimimiimiimiiiiiiimiimmu miimimmmiimi mimimiimiimimiuiiiii iiiiinimiim iniiiniininniiniiniiiniiinninniiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiininnimimninimniimimimiiiiiiiimimnmiiiniiii miminmim. 


206 


Pan   Pacific 


-•mimiimm nun i i mum in miiim: miimiim i i n iimiiiimiim i mimimi mm ill I limn i I imimimiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiii imiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiir 


Cable  Address:   "ZELLERBACH'? 


All  Standard  Codes 


Established  1869 


Zellerbach  Paper  Company 


SAN  FEANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 
NEW  YORK  CITY,  U.  S.  A. 


has  an  enlarged  Export  Department  and  will  furnish  samples  and  quotations  on: 


PRINTING  PAPER 
WRITING  PAPER 
PAPER  BOXES 
PULPS 


WRAPPING  PAPER 

CARDBOARDS 

TWINES 

PAPER  CONTAINERS 


SOLID  FIBRE 
SHIPPING  CASES 
PAPER  TOWELS 
CORRUGATED  PRODUCTS 


ENVELOPES  MANUFACTURED  TO  ORDER 
and  everything  made  of  paper 
WE  OWN  AND  OPERATE  OUR  OWN  MILLS  AND  FACTORIES 
YOUR  CORRESPONDENCE  IS  INVITED 


-flllniiniiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiJiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiniMiiiniiiiMiiMimHiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiminiiiiiiin 

^Jirtii  rriiirriitriiixiiiriiiiriirfriifriiirciuriiiriliTiiiifliirrliiriiiriiiiiiirrEiiiEiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiriiillllTlllfllllTiiiirlillililllllTiliirliifilllflllliin  eiij^         ^•rri.::ri;^jiiij[iiiiEiiiriijTiliTiiii[piiTriiiriiiTiiijriiltiiiiiriij[iijilEiriiillJllitilliiillTrllllllliejlltfllllJllll  l  ill  I  ill  till  ll  ll  ll  l  Jll  itu  liruil  >>ll  nil  irrt  ll  rtcj  null  uf 


I         C.  HENRY  SMITH 

MAIN  OFFICE:  | 

|    311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.    | 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND    IMPORT 

All    Codes.     Code   Address:  CHENRYINC 
^innif  in  t  nut  nil  tiittJiiiiiiajiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiitiiiiEiiiAiiiiiiiirFiJitiiiriiiiriiiEiiiJEiitFiiiitiijriiiiiiiJtiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiEiJiriiiiiiiiiiiiriijifiijiiiijFiuiiiii  nr^ 

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I  Puget  Sound  Tug  Boat  Company 

I*  Incorporated  1891 

Washington's  Pioneer  Towing 
Company 


Cable  Address:  TUG 


I    SEATTLE 


WASHINGTON     | 


liiiiiniiniliniluilinililliiiiiiliiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiHiliiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiliniillliiiniiniiiiiir. 
^^fli  jrllrmi  iriijLiiiijiiiFiiijjiiiiiiijiEiiitiiiiiiijriiiFiiiitiiiirciiiiiiiifii]riiijiilitiiiitii]iEiijiiijiEiiiiiiiiBiii[ii]riiiiiiii*iiiiiiiiiiiijtpiifilijtliif[iiirtii  r  f  c  i  j  f  r^ 

I    OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO    ! 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


e    SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET    I 


VICTOR  PATRON 

IMPORT 
EXPORT 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 
CABLE: 'PATRON" 

E^ltllltllll  tllllElllllllIEIIIlMIIIEIIJtlllllllJIIIIIIIIlllllllllJ[lljrilllllllFIIIJIIIlllllllllljrilJllll4IIJl[llltllllJEII1EIIII4tllJfclllltlEI  [  1 1 1 1 J  F 1 1 1  Tl  1 1 1 J  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  li  1 1 1 J 1 1 1  ■  J~T^ 

•iiiiiiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiilliiiiliili[Miii;iiiiliiiiiliiiiiiiilliillliii[ii!liiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiilli!iMiiiiiiiiiiliiiiinii!l[liniiiiniiinii!iiiiiiiii!iiiiiiir 


Pacific  Coast 

United    States  of   America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 


The  100%  Club 

Arcade  Floor  Monadnock  Bldg, 


San  F 


TiiiiiilliilHiiiiliilllliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiilliillliiuiiiiniiiniilllillliiiiiliiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniN7 


an  Francisco 


1    An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained  for  the  benefit  of    I 
|     buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is    1 
|     maintained.     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers.     = 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and  [ 

=     merchants.     Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods  = 

|     and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.       All  are  leaders  in  I 
|    their  line. 

We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation,     j 

=     Business  connections  established.      Correspondence   invited   in   any   foreign     i 
|     language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE.  Sec.-Treas, 
fTi  l  il  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1  ■  i ■  1 1  >  1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1 1 1 :  j  1 1  f:  ji  1 1 1 1 1  u  1 1 1 1 j  i  >  is  1 1  !■  1 1 1 1  ■  r  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1  ■■  ]  l  ti  1 1 1  >  i  ii  1 1  r  ■  i  u  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 iiiliiiiillimmilimiiilimi' 


September    19  19 


207 


W imtiiiMiiiminiiiiiiiiiniiitiiiniim'intr 


TrTrrriiti'iiiiii'i'iiuii riiiriiiir[ijitijjriiii»tiiiLiiiriiiiiiiiitiliriljriiiiiiiiiiiiijBiiiriiiririiriiijrrilTlllirilliriiii'iiit>iiiliiiiii]iiiiittiiiFi)iiiiiltlliiriJlillliiriiiiiiiiliiiiriiiitiiii^iiiriiiiiiiii]iiitiiii[Tiiituiriilriliiiiijiiciiiriiit= 


CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pres. 


CEO.  R.  WEEKS,  Seacury      § 


J.  E.  PETERS,  Vice-Prts. 

SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 

The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  f  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will   Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A.  Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 


aiiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiniiimimiiiiiiiiiiiimimmMiiNiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim n iiiiiMiiiajiiiiiiiriiittiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiiiiiiFiiiiiiajiiiiiiiiTriiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiittiiriiiiiiiiiiiiixiiiiiiiixiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijitijiiiiiiiiiJiiiiiiiifiiiitiiiiMiiiiiixiiiiFiiiiiiiiriiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii  irF= 

giiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiii llllllllilllillimillll miinmiiiiniiiiiiiimu iiwimulinitlll        Liiiiiiimiminiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimrmiiiiiiimmnmiiiiiiimiiiimniiiiimiiiiimiiiiin mill iiiniiiiiiiiiiitMiitmiiiiimiiiiiiitiiimiiim' 


MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  j 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 

120  Market  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


KAAS-HOPKINS.CO. 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 
Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

PROTECTIVE    PAPERS— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine, 

(Parchmyn),  Parclimoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS— Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain 

or  Decorated;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— White,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
GLAZED    PAPERS    for    Boxmakers,   etc.       White,    Colors, 

Embossed,  Novelties. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC  COVER  PAPERS  and  Mount   Board. 
WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers, 
We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  and  Quo- 
tations Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 


pm minium iiiiniiiitiiui iiiiiiiuiiiiii nun  niurnii  mi  inutiui  mttn  iiiui iiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiimi;         51 inn i iiiuiin mill i i inn i tint t iiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiniiF. 

ginnniint iiiiiitiiKtiiiitiiiiiiiitiiliiiiirtiiiniiiiiutiiiiiiiiiiriiiir imiiriiiTFuir iiii:iiii^iiiuiii]r r'liriiiiriliiiiiiitiiiriiitliiijiiiiittiiiriiiiiiiitiijrtiiiiiiiiiiitiiittiiitiiiitiiTiiiiriiiiriittiirtiiiiriiitiiitPliiliilllMiriiiriiillMlTlliriilltliilriiiiiiiiiiiiriiitriiiitiiiliiiiriiiTtMltliiiliilitEiiilillilMlJilll  ^^ 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

Buuinnitinuutmiinntuimuiuutuuiuiiiiuiiuiiniiniiiuinmiiiniinninninnmiiiinmniiniinm^ 
^iiiiiiiintiiiiiiiiNmiiuMimiiiiiNtMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiuiiiiiiiitnimiiiiiiitniiiiiiin 


Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's,  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


"Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 


.^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiii ii jiiiiriiiiiiiJiiijiiiiiriiiitiiijriiiiJiiiiiiiiiiiJiiiJiiifiiiiiiiiitiDJiiijjiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiijitiairiiiitijiiijiiiijjiiiiiiiiitiiijriijriiiJiiiiriiiJtiiiiiiiJiiiiiEiiiiiiijriiiJti iijiiimiiminiiiiiiiiiiii7 

uiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiimii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiilliiii iimiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiniiiiiiiniii iMiiiMiitiiniiiiiiiitiiiKiiii imiiii jiMiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiihiii iiiiiMiiiMiiMiiTiiuiiiiiiiiiriiijiiijiiiiiMiiiiiiijiiijiiiiiiiiriiiiriiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiriiiijiiiiiliiDliiiiiiiKl^ 


P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

— Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485  California  Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


3<fitiit«xitti)iiiiiiiaiiiirEa]tiiiaiiittiiiiiiiiiriii(iiiiiTiiitiiiii>iii>jiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiitiiiifiiiitjiitJiiiitiii«iMtiii>iiiir«iMtiiittiii»iiii»iiiiiiiitiii>tiiitiiiiriiii  >iirjiiiriiiiiiiirtiiitiiiiiiit)jiitiiiiiJiiriiMtiiiiiiiiJEiiitiiiiiiiitiiiitiiifiiiifiiitiiiiitiiiTiii]iiiiiiiitriiiiiiiiitiiitjii]iiiiiTiiijiiiiiriiuiiii>fiiir<iiitiiiiiEiiitiiiii  tiicifR 


208 


Pan  Pacific 


LHlHMiiitiiminiiiiiiiimijiiiiiiiijiiiniiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiimiiiMim 

PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  CO. 


Imp 


HEAD  OFFICE:     SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF. 


orters 

General  Agents  fop  Japan 

PACIFIC  TRADING  CO. 


P.  O.  Box  234,  Yokohama 


Exporters 


General  Agents  for  North  China 

CHUNGMEI  TRADING  CORP. 

S-11   Ningpo   Road,  Shanghai 


MANUFACTURERS'  AGENTS— PURCHASING  AGENTS 


Because  of  our  specialized  Service  and  the  fact  that  we  successfully  represent  many  of  our  largest  Corporations  we  are  able 
to  open  new  and  profitable  channels  of  International  Trade  to  you. 

We  invite  correspondence  with  American  Manufacturers  and  Foreign  Traders;  our  object  being  to  bring  the  buyer  and  the 
seller  together  with  the  least  possible  expense  to  both  parties. 


Reference:   Anglo-London-Paris   National    Bank,   San    Francisco,  Cal. 

Sun imiuiiiiiiiiiiu niiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii i n .iiiiiiiiilimilllllllillimnm iiiiiniiiiiii 


Cable  Address:   Paulrube.     All   Codes. 

iiiiiilllllliMiiniiiniillliiiMiiMiiiiiiiMliiliiuiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniiiiiMiiiintilliiiiiiiMiniiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiitiiii.r. 


i'mmmimiimimm immnmiiimimiimm I immmiiiimiimim minimum mini iimiimiiiiiimiiiiimim  ^niiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiinillllllliiiiiiniiiiiiniiiiiim 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO. 


STEAMSHIP     = 
AGENTS 


SHIP  BROKERS 
IMPORTERS    AND    EXPORTERS 


341  Montgomery  Street 


Phone  Garfield  2241 


SAN    FRANCISCO 


TRADE   MARK 


~ll!IIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIinillllllMIIIII!llllinilllllll[llllll]IMIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIMlllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIMIIIMnilllllllllMlllllllllllllllllllllllll7 

^'iiiniiiiMiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMniiiHiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiMiiiMiiiMiininiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiMiiHiiiiiiifMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiim 

A.  J.  y  J.  R.  COOK 

LEATHEK 

Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and 
Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 

Cable  Address  :  "  Cookbro."  San  Francisco 

743  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

TiiHiiiiniiiiiiiniittiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiuiiiniiiMiiiMiniiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiMiiiMiiMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiMiiiiiiiHiMiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.E 

■2} Mill MIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIU: 

|  Herbert   W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

IMPORT         EXPORT        DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 


Write  for  Quotations 


209-211  Washington  St. 


Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A. 


=fi  iiiiifiiiijiiiriiii(Jiiftilitlll(Jiiifiiiiiiiri*iiriii]tiii][ii]iiiJJiiiiJiiii[i)iiiiiirii]itiiiLiiiifiJiiiiiitii]iiiirEiijrriiiriijriiiii[ijirtijitijii(ijirriii[iijrfiiiri::it:.r^ 

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PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND  | 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 
=     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     | 

^itllillllllJli Jiiiriiiicin tjjllTllllf ■■mil j iiiiriiitriiir:iiiiBiii[iljLll<flllirriiiiiiiitiiiLiiiiiti9i<iiiriiiiriijiiiiiriiiii<iiiiiii[iiiriiijiiiiliiiiiiiiiiEiiiriliiii-  'in? 
juiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiitiiiniiiHiiiiiiijMlilllliilllfiilimiiiiiiiiiiiiil iiiiiniiliillimiminiiilliiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiuiimiiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiMiitii^ 


References : 
=     Metropolitan   Bank 
=     Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

RENCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4 

W.  U.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 
205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

!     Freight   Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS,    LA.  Correspondence  Solicited     | 

nlllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIn 


illinillllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIMIUUj 

AIDS  TO  FOREIGN  TRADE 

Foreign  Lists,  Translating,  Catalogues.  Trade  Marks,  Advertising  Data 

Trade  Reports  Covering  MEXICO,  CENTRAL  and  SOUTH  AMERICA 

LATI^- AMERICAN  ADVERTISING  CO 

1120  Van  Nuys  Building  Los  Angeles,  Cal.        | 

miiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiuiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiimiiimi iiimiimiiiiiiimiiS 


Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 

May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 

promptly  and  frankly 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 

General  Insurance 

^■jriiiiiiiriiiriiiii[iijriiijiiijiiiijtiijiiiiiiiijiiijriijtii)iriijiiiiiiiiiriijr[iii[iiijiiii[iiiiiiiirii]iiiiifiiiiiiiijtii3jtiiii[iiiiiiiiiiiiijaiiiitiiiitiiiitiiiriiiiiriijn^ 
^^i  t  nil  rriiriilJllllirEllltiltliliiiiiTiiiitiiiiEiiiEiiiriiiiPiiiiiiirililllliliiiTllllliiiiriliiiiijillllElirtlllTtlliirilitliiifllliliiiiiiiiiFliririliuiiiiriiiiiriiiiiriiiii  rr^^ 

BRADY  &  COMPANY 

Established    18»2.     SHIPPING    AND    COMMISSION 
E  Importers   and    Exporters   Salmon,    Fertilizer,    Oils,    Steel,    Lumber 

42-Story  L.   C.   SMITH  BLDG.,   Seattle,  Wash.,  XT.   S.  A. 
tTii  j  iiij  rill  j  i  tii  i  iiiiiiii  jiiij  riniiii  j  iiiiiiiiiiiii  riiii  riiiiiiit  iiiiiiii  riii  i  iiii  riii  i  iii  i  iiij  i  iiij  iiii  till  i  tiiii  iiii  iiiij  [ill  i  iii  i  mil  i  nil  iiiii  i  miriiii  i  nil  i  in  j  1 1  mittf  n^ 

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BOOTH'S 

CRESCENT 
RAND 


Sardinia 

F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND 

Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,   CAL. 


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IMilIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIinilllllMIIMIIIMIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMII IIIIIII1 1  III  I  r  III  III!  M'l  t  Mil  llll  Mil  I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIII!II|I>S 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES: 

Seattle  Peru  Costa  Rica  Panama 

Los  Angeles  Guatemala  Nicaragua  Ecuador 

New  Orleans  Salvador  Chile  Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from  Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


iilll lllllilllmillii imilllliu iiiinilll llllllllllllll ilniimiiniiminui llilinilllllll lllllllllllllMlHlllllllllimllllll l minim llll I Illllllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllimillllllllllllllllllllll IIIIIIIIIIiJ 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


H£2  ■'■■--  | 


OCTOBER,  1919 


Price  25  Cents 


BRITISH  COLUMBIA  TRADE  PLANS 


r 


Edited  By  John  H.  Gerrie 


4*  * 

Vancouver,  Prospective  World  Pon 

iberian  Situation  As  It  Is  Now 

|t  Titanic  Projects  for  South  America 


&&-    I 


B.  A.  McKelvie,  J.  Reginald  Davison,  John  W.  Dafoe,  Captain  Rober 
>ollar,  E.  I.  Omeltchenke,  S.  P.  Verner,  William  H.  Jackson,  H.  M. 


E  3f  INTERNATIONAL   COMMER 


£-^i  m  i  <  1 1 1 1  ]  t  p  i  j  a  t  1 1  ]  i  ( 1 1  f  e  1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  j  1 1 1  t  e  1 1  ?  f  1 1 :  t  j  1 1  r  1 1  s  1 1 1 1  r  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  i !  1 1 1 1 1 1  s  1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1 3 1 1 1  s  1 1 1 1 1 1  m  s  i  m  :  i  i  i  m  t  1 1 1  ]  1 1  s  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  s  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3  r  t  i  3 1  m  i  j  b  1 1 1  >  1 1 :  j  1 1 1  j  h  p  1 1  j  1 1  a  1 1 1 1 1  j iirfiirMniiiiirMiriitiiiifMiiiiiiMrMjriiiitiitriiiiJinMiiiiftiifriitiMifTiiiitiiffiiiirifiitfiiiiiirfiiitiiiictiiiiiiittriMiittiiiTjisiifMiTMjifMJiritjiiriii  tuif  iintii^ 

|    Java-China-Japan  Lijn    | 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 

BETWEEN 

San  Francisco 


AND 


Netherlands  East  Indies 


DIRECT 


RI,(U  L.\R      ^  ■  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 

CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San   Francisco 


= 


SlHiimiimillliimiiniii mi iiimiiiillimiliiiiillllilllliiliiilili tiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim mimiimiimiiiimiiiii 


ml mnmii in iiimiHiniiiiimimlili  iiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiimiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiimiiiiiimmiiiiiimimiimiiimiiiiiiiiia 


October    19  19 


209 


^MjirrciiifriirrtltlErfTiMtiilrtlirtlirilHrrflirtMir^lllTtirtljtrilljllflirilflirMirfllirtpiii^iii Miiifliarril^:iiirinifil jrFiirrEiitrnriMiM JPiii[rri4;i!iiriiiipiinEiMrM]riifiMiTri!ifMifriiTlilMpiiiTiiMFiiirtiiirEir*irif<iiiiFMifpiiMEiMrFiiiriMirii4rMMMMrMrfiPiiTMi4rLiiTfiiirr[iifllMliPMMMfMiitllMtlilt[(lltMliMliil{ii^^ 

Cable  Address:  _  _  __^      ^.^  Code  Used: 

Llewellyn  —         «  J     f^\  J    /^     )L    •  A.  B.C. 

Los  AnKelp>i,  «  1  \        111  .       ■"%      I  /ml  *»  5th    Edition 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


Hammered  Steel 

SHOES     g 
and     iH 
DIES 


CAST  STEEL 

SHOES 

and 

DIES' 


Rolling  Mill  Products  iKSaffMS 


HEAVY 

and 
LIGHT 

Forgings 

Of 
Every 
Descrip- 
tion 


HEAVY 

and 

LIGHT 
Steel  or 
Grey  Iron 

Castings 

Of 

Every 

Description 


I  Structural  Steel  Engineers  &  Fabricators 

MILL  BUILDINGS— STEEL  STRUCTURES— TOWERS— TANKS  — RIVETED  PIPE— HEMISPHERICAL 
BOTTOM  TANKS  AND  TOWERS— FORGE  SHOP— FOUNDRY— MACHINE  SHOP 

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210 


Pan   Pacific 


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HOTEL 
1  WHITCOMB 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

One  of  a  group  of  magnificent  public  build] 
ings  at  the  Civic  Center  of  California's  metro- 
polis, within  a  few  minutes  walk  of  theater, 
business  and  shopping  districts. 

The  Whitcomb  makes  a  specialty  of  cuisine, 
serving  either  la  carte  or  special  breakfasts, 
luncheons  and  dinners.  Afternoon  tea  in  the 
,  beautiful  Sun  Lounge. 

A  telegram  or  wireless  at  our  expense  brings 
the  Whitcomb  representatives  to  the  steamer. 
Whitcomb  bus  meets  all  steamers. 

Rales  for  Room  and  Bath  from  $2.50  a  day 
J.  H.  VAN  HORNE,  Manager 

^MIM llltllllMMf  III lllim lllllltlll  11110! lint tllll ITtlll ttlllltlll  t lllllMMIIKIiriMIMI l>IFIi:iMll  Flirillllll IIIIIII1IIH  PMIII 111  llll  Jllll  I  Ml IIMIIII  ^= 


— under  personal  instruction  of  inter- 
national experts — greatest  course  in 
Foreign  Trade  ever  offered  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  — most  practical  and 
thorough — will  teach  you  the  busi- 
ness of  Foreign  Trade — how  to  get 
into  it — how  to  carry  it  on — how  to 
succeed  at  it — no  one  interested,  or 
likely  to  be,  in  Foreign  Trade  can 
afford  to  miss  this  course. 

Send  us  your  name  and  address,  and 
full  information  regarding  this  Course 
will  come  right  back. 

BUTLER  SCHOOL  OF  COMMERCE 

New  Call  Bide.    Next  to  Palace  Hotel 
on  New  Montgomery  Street 


•:iiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiitiiiniiiiiiiniHiiiii[iiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMniiiiiiiiiiiii[iiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiii:iii' 


Cable  Address 
HARITE  VANCOUVER 


Codes 
A.  B.  C.  5th 
BENTLEYS 


THE  H.  G.  WHITE  CO. 

149-59  ALEXANDER  STREET 
VANCOUVER,  CANADA 


|  Importers  oj 

Crude  and  Manufactured  Drugs 

Gums 

Essential  Oils 

Vegetable  Oils 

Waxes 

Heavy  Chemicals 

Shellac 

|  Exporters  of 

Heavy  Chemicals,  Aniline  Colors 

\    Branch  Offices:  NEW  YORK,  YOKOHAMA,  SINGAPORE   | 

JTi  1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 imiiiimhhjiiiiiiiiiiimiimiimiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiwiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiii imm 


October    19  19  2" 

m iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini i iiiiini iimiiiiiiii iiiiiiiriiiiiiiiin  iniiiimiininii iiimiimiiiiiiniiniimiiimiiiiimiiiiiin iiiiiiiiiniii u iiiiiiiiinniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiii tun iiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iniiininii i g 

MANUFACTURERS  and  WHOLESALE  DEALERS 
|  of  GOOD  SHOES  ONLY;  Since  1885 

WE  CARRY  IN  STOCK  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 
ALL  STYLES  AND  GRADES  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— BOYS— CHILDRENS— INFANTS 
SLIPPERS,  LOW  SHOES  and  BOOTS 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  YOU  CHARGES  PREPAID 
lN0l3nli/3rll3n0Cv>l0.    San  Francisco,  Calif.,    U.  O.  A.    Nesc0|  Bentleys  Code 


Regulation  U.  S.  Army  Shoe 

In  Black,  Brown.  White  Elk  Leathers 

All  Sizes  and  Widths  in  Stock 


Sinimninlinnnmn II iiimiillillililllllllllllllilimiiiilllmii milium iniininniiniinlniiininiiinniMin II miimimimiimimimilllliiiiimimiimmiimimiimn mnminiiniinimiiiiiimnininniniiimnmnniniimiiniinimiiin llimiimimiimniT. 


~jjjEMiiMijiir^iiitfiiiiLii«iitiriiiriii4ii<iiiiiiri<iiiiiiiiiiriiiriiiifiiijjiit«iiFiiiitiJiiitJtiiiiiiiiiiiitEiiifiiifiui  limn  ruin  •iiiiiiiFiiitiiiriiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiin  tn  t  ia^ 


Parent  Company 
Established  1857 


Resources  Over 
$1,000,000 


I    Associated  Manufacturers    | 
Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers '  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 



IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California    Food    Products    and    all 

Raw  Materials. 

I  § 

fable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 
All  Codes 

|  871   Market    Street,    San   Francisco,    Gal.,   U.   S.   A.   \ 

I  i 

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'Jinn 


Best  for  Export 

We  give  special  care  in  the  filling  of  orders 
for  our  foreign  trade  that  each  piece  of 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 
Sole  Leather 

shall  live  up  to  its  high  standard.  The 
export  trade  demands  the  best — that  is 
why  our  foreign  shipments  are  so  large. 

Mllm«,SdlZBCo. 


TANNERS 
OF  REAL  LEATHER 


New  York         San  Francisco         Chicago 


UnilllLliniltllNIIIIUIIKIIUHIIHIIItlliniinillH illlliMN  lllinilMllllllllllllt.lMMIIIilllllllM  lllllllirilllMlli IIMJIIMIIillllNIII. lllinillllJItllllMlt.MlltllllllllMIIIMIIHIIIIIIlrinillMIIIOIIH  lllll  MIIF IIMILII1 1 1 1 II I  i  ■  J 1 1 1 U 1 1 1 M  J 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1  ]  I F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1 M  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F  E  H 1 1 1 1 1 1  M 1 1 1 1 J  F 1 1 1  ^11 1 '^ 


"World-Wide 

Charterers" 


Agencies  In  All 
Principal  Ports 


Sinn 


Ittnieraai  pipping  $c  Srafctttg  (En. 

SHIPOWNERS,  SHIP  BROKERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

"vegetable  Oils,  Rice,  Peanuts         MARINE  CARGO  SURVEYORS  AND  APPRAISERS 

Australian  Skins,  Gums,  Rubber 

Menthol,  Camphor,  Etc.  HEAD  OFFICE:  ALASKA  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

EXP0RTS  Branch  Office:  149  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 

Canned  Salmon,  Dyes,  Steel  and  Steel 

Products,  Paints,  Ducks  and  Sail  Cloth.  Cable  Addresses:  "Usatco"  Seattle.    "Unshipstrad"  New  York 

mniiiinnimmnunnniminiiiiniiiliniiimiiniiinnnmnmiiiniimniiminimimnminiHiiimmim 


2,2  Pan  Pacific 

tpm n  nuiirlii  tiinf  inriiif  in  i  iiMiinimniti  ir  tiimn  i  r inn iiiiiiiinilliiiiiiiiiiiiniit mMMMMMMMMMMMMM         Smimni iiiiiiiiiillliiinilliiililitiiiii ililiiiimiiliiimiiiiiiitiiitiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiMiliiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiuimiiiuimiimiinig 


E     CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI 


EDWARD    P.    BARRY 


Edward  Barry  Company 


WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 


San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Associated  Timber  Exporters 
of  British  Columbia,  Ltd. 


SALES  MEDIUM 


FOR 


Export  Output 


OF 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


Lumber  Mills  of  British 
Columbia 

PRINCIPAL  PRODUCT 

Douglas  Fir  (Oregon  Pine) 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 

Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast 

Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books 

Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


MAIN  OFFICE 

609  METROPOLITAN  BUILDING 

VANCOUVER,  B.  C,  CANADA 


jSiillillltiiiliimiiiilllllllllllllillilimiiilliiillllllllllllllllil iiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ilililiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniliiiiiiiiiiiiiil;         niiiillililllllllllllllliliililiiiiiilimililllllilllllilillllillllilllillliilllliilililliiillillililiiiiiiiilii mi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiumiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiir. 

uiiMiiiiimiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiimniiiiiiiim 

S  - 

]  J.  A.  TEPOORTEN,  Ltd.  | 

WHOLESALE  DRUGGISTS 


308  Water  St.,  Vancouver,  B.  C. 


We  carry  a  full  line  of  Drugs,  Chemicals 

Patent  Medicine,  Druggists  Sundries 

Confectionery,  Etc. 

We  Specialize  in  Service 


^IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllimillllllllHllllllllllllllllllHlimtlllllllnninmillllllllllllllllWIW  II I  ■■■■MWIMlllMIMWIiMaiiltMMWillNIIIWWIIIIIIIIIIIilllllWIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIWIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItlllllMIIIIIIIIIIWIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHMIIIIIIIIIIIIII  IlllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllffl 


October    19  19 


213 


L'liiiiliiiiimiiiiiinimi mil II lllllllllllllllMlllllllllllll Illlllllllllllllllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIMIIII It 


SHOES 

MEN'S,  LADIES'  AND  I 
CHILDREN'S 
SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES    | 

I  also 

RUBBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES    | 

m  hand  for  immediate  shipment 

1  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  I 

Shoes  Wholesale 

\   216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.   1 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Bentley  Code 
51lJili»iillliJiiit«iit*iiit«iit4iri*iittiiij.iittJli»iii»ii3iilicjlitllljirlilllfjjlirfliiiBiiiiiliiiiltliiiriiliiiiiiiiiiiitiii*tiijriiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiitiiittiijfEijjriii  in  jmir.^        ^rl  ■  ■  tiiatiiiiiiiijiiiiii>Biiciiitiiii<iliiillilllllllt4ll]«llJjliltJi(i[iiitilliiiitiiliEliilllllil]llll[ilirtiitiiiilllitlii«Eilxiiii*Eiiiiilxll«lliliiilitillililii*illliilJilliii*r* 


JNMWIMWIMIIIWMMIBItMIWIIWIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIWillMIIIIWIMIMIIinilllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIHniMlliilWHIMfillinillintllllllWWIia 

BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  | 

Cup,    Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL    INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 

715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    [ 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,   Inc.,  327  J.   Luna   Blnondo,  Manila,     i 
P.  I.— P.  M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.— 
P.   LAFARGUE,  Casllla  308,  Valparaiso,  Chile 


^§g 


Hydraulic  and  Power  Tools 
and  Special  Machinery  for 

Ship  Yards 

Railroad  Shops 

Structural  Plants 

Rubber  Mfg.  Works 

Sugar  and  Chocolate  Mills 

Cotton  Shippers,  Etc.,  Etc. 


Flanging  Presses,  Forging  Presses,  Riveters,  Plate  Benders,  Bulldozers,  Punches,  Shears, 
Angle  and  Beam  Benders,  Joggling  Presses,  Wheel  Forcing  Presses,  Steam  Platen  Presses, 
Solid  and  Pneumatic  Tire  Heater  Presses,  Bead  Presses,  Extrusion  Presses,  Salt  Briquetting 
Presses,  Sugar  Rolls,  Cocoa  Presses,  Cotton  Compresses,  Etc.,  Etc. 


Descriptive  Circulars  Sent  Upon  Request 


SOUTHWARK  FOUNDRY  &  MACHINE  CO. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PENNSYLVANIA  U.  S.  A. 


0 


3HE 


iiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiimimi iiiiiitiiiniiiii inn iiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiliiini in mimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiminliniiii iniininnnniniii iiuii  tin  imiiiiiu iiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii niiniiininmiiinniinn' 


Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABAYA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable   Address:    "INTRACO" 

Codes : 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.    B.    C.    5th   Edition 


Import    Products  of   all 

Countries   where    we 

are  located 


ll 


—  EXPORTS  — 
Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 
Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 
Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:     SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

Mliiniiiilminiiiniininiiiiiiniiuiiniiniinuiniiniiniiiiiiiniiiniwiliwiniininm 


2N-  Pan   Pacific 

£ifjiimiNiimimiiimiMiimiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiHiiiiiiimH 

I    Shippers  Commercial  Corporation    I 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 


EXPORTERS 


Cable  Address:  SHIPCOMCO 

ALL  CODES  USED 

IMPORTERS 


Trade  Mark 


CANNED 
SALMON 


Pacific  Coast  Products 


CANNED 

MILK 


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CANADIAN 

IRON  and  STEEL 

EXPORTERS 


Wire 

Pig  Iron 

Sheets 

Wire  Rods 

Beams 

Steel  Rails  and 

Angles 

Accessories 

Pipe 

Railroad  Supplies 

Bars 

Bolts,  Nuts,  Washers 

Nails 

Boiler  Tubes 

Hoops 

Wire  Rope 

MACHINERY 

Boilers 

Agricultural 

Engines 

Milling 

Pumps 

Mining 

Lathes 

Contracting 

Inquiries  and  Indents  Invited 
Special  Attention  Given  to  Cables 

British  Manufacturers'  Corporation,  Ltd. 

470  Granville  Street,  Vancouver,  D.  C 
Also  at  London,  Glasgow,  Liverpool,  Cardiff,  Petrograd,  New  York 

^iiitniMiiMiiNiiiiiiMiiniiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniMiiiniitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiniiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiif? 


Beans 

Peas 

Rice 

Nuts 

Egg  Products 


Tapioca 

Canned  Crab 

Vegetable  Oils 

Fish  Oils 

Chemicals 


Reliable  Oriental  News 

A  LETTER  every  two  weeks — one  each  for  beans,  oils 
and  groceries  —  faithfully  compiled  by  our  Foreign 
Department  from  the  reports  of  our  representatives  in  the 
Orient;  and  mailed  to  you,  on  request  to  put  your  name 
on  our  mailing  list.  This  sincere  service,  together  -with 
our  return  telegraphic  service  is  free  without  obligation. 
Address  all  communications — Foreign  Dept.,  Vancouver. 

Vancouver  Milling  &  Grain  Co.,  Ltd. 

Vancouver,  Canada 

At  All  Important  Centers  in  British  Columbia 

Also  Calgary,  Alta.,  Montreal,  Quebec,  Kobe,  Japan 

Shanghai,  Hankow,  China 


Reference:  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia 
Vancouver,  Toronto,  Montreal,  Boston,  Chicago,  New  York 


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THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON 

Electrical  and  Mining  Machinery 

Complete  Electrical  Shop — Specialists  on  Rewinding 
Machinery  of  All  Kinds 


COMPLETE  INSTALLATIONS  MADE 


316  FIRST  STREET,  SO. 


SEATTLE,  WASH. 


Siuiiiiiiiiimi MiNimimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiimii iiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiimini iiiiiiiiimii i iiiihiiiiiiiiii i Minimi nu iiiniiiii ii ii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiimr. 


October    19  19 


215 


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PLANTING  THE 
FLAG  OF  THE 
ADMIRAL     LINE 
IN  THE  ORIENT 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
112  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco        8  BRIDGE  ST.,  New  York        = 
;     Manila       Hong  Kong       Vladivostok       Shanghai       Singapore       Kobe     Yokohama     e 

^>  j  i  i  i  i  t  i  ■  i  i  i  i  m  i  1 1  m  l  i  1 1 1  i  i  j  i  1 1  i  ■  i  i  l  i  l  in  ]  i 1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1 1  l  1 1 1 !  1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  k  1 1 1 1 1 1  u  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iiiiiiiiiiiiiin imiiiiiiiiiililiiiliiiliinr. 


L.  Dinkelspiel  Company 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


DRY  GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


!  NOTIONS  and 
I  FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods  —  Linens  —    | 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    j 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    = 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  Ticks    j 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,      Ladles',      and     Children's 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —    [ 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —    | 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

I    Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages    1 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 

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I  PURNELL  &  PAGET  I  I  NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA  I 


ARCHITECTS    and 
CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

Chas.  S.  Paget,  AS.  M.  AM.  S.  C.  E. 


Investigations — Inspections 

Reports  and  Valuations 

Design  and  Supervision  of  Construction 

for  Industrial  Plants  and  Buildings 
Power  Plants 
Difficult  Foundations 
Bridges  and  Steel  Structures 
Wharf  and  Dock  Construction 
River  and  Harbor  Works 
Investigation  and  Development  of 

Mining  Properties. 


Established  in  China  16  Years. 

OFFICES: 

Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,  China 
American  National  Bank  Bldg. ,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telegraphic   Address  "PANEL"    Western    Union    Code, 
A.B.C.  5th  Edition 


(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head   Office,  Tokyo 


Fleet  99— Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE  | 

Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports, 

Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 

All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

Greatly    Improved    Fast    Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern 

Twin  and  Triple  Screw   Steamships  with   Unequaled 

Passenger  Accommodations 


S.    S.    Suwa    Mam 21,020  tons 

S.   S.   Fushlml    Maru     21.020  tons 
S.  S.   Kashlma   Maru. 19, 200  tons 
For   further   information,    rates 


DISPLACEMENT: 

S.  S.   Katorl   Maru 19,200  tons 

S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

S.  S.   Kamo   Maru 16,000  tons 

tickets,    berth    reservation,    etc., 


apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United  States 
and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs. 
Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist 
agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


u, 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


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216 


Pan   Pacific 


"A  Little  Better  Than  The  Best" 


SALMOJ 


jJVti. 
TOMATO  SAUt 


Correspondence  Solicited 


GOSSE-MILLEBD  PACKING  CO.,  LTO. 


Head  Office;  597  Hastings  St.,  W, 


Vancouver,  B.  C„  Canada 


Cable  Address:  "Gossmiller" 


S"liiiilllui!lliiniiiiiiililiuiliililiiiiiiiiniiiliiiliiluiiHilHlllllilHllllllillil!llllllinillllillilliiilllliiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiillllillMliiliiilliiililinilllliillllllii  iimiiiilililllilllliniiiimiliinillllilimiliin 1 1  > 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ii  ■  1 1  r  i  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ri  [  I  ■  I iilliiilllimiiiiiniiimi imiliinniiiiiiiiiiiiinmiimimi' 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


"SWING-SPOUT"  OIL  MEASURE 

Prevents  Waste  of  Oil  and  Other  Liquids 
No  Soiled  Hands  or  Clothing 

CLEAN— SIMPLE— ECONOMICAL 

For  Garages,  Gasoline  Stations,  Automobilists 


PRINTERS 
STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS  I 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


Made  of  Copperized  Sheet  Metal 

Unconditionally  Guaranteed 

Can  be  Used  for  All  Liquids 

"THE  SPOUT  SWINGS" 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment  \ 

Office   Furniture 
Loose   Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OP  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Samples 
Prices  and 

Full 
Informa- 
tion Sent 
on  Request 


Represen- 
tation 
Desired 
in  all 
Foreign 
Countries 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

SWING-SPOUT  MEASURE  CO. 

|    404  N.  Los  Angeles  St.  Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

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October     19  19 


217 


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^|        OCTOBER,  1919        1^^^^^^^,,^^ 

|      Vol.  Ill  No.  6      i-nmirmmiimimimim llllllllll mini 


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MIIIIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIMIIM'  Km 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

B.   A.   McKELVIE  Vancouver,  B.   C. 

Juiji  G.  Kasai.  A.M _ Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas   India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsln  Chu.   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

II.    M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United   States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618  Mission   Street,  San   Francisco 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

British  Columbia  in  World  Trade B.  A.  McKelvie  219 

Vancouver,  a  World  Metropolis J.  Reginald  Davison  221 

Two  Nations  That  Are  Kindred John  W.  Dafoe  223 

Captain  Dollar's  Views  on  B.  C 255 

Canada's  Big  Chance  in  Orient 226 

Some  Products  of  the  Pacific 230 

Who's  Who  in  Pan  Pacific 231 

Siberian  Trade  Situation  Today 232 

Big  Projects  for  Latin-America : S.  P.  Verner  233 

Riches  Await  Seekers  in  Panama William  H.  Jackson  23U 

Trade  Situation  in  Ceylon H.  M.  Dias  235 

Export  Bank  Bill  Will  Aid  Trade 238 


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2|8  P  an  Pacific 

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**"  Occam    Transport    G>.  ltd  | 

(   TAIYO    UAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA   ) 

OF    NOSE.  JAPAN  I 

AoCNTt   AT  All  PfclNCIWM.    Ports    i*  Ti»e    World 

Operating      Modem     Freifthi    St«&m«rs 
100   Al   Uoyit 

Regular      Direct      Service 

To      ^      R»«« 
San  Francisco  Seattle}  Vancouver 

Ans 

Yokohama,  Kobe,  Shanghai, 
Hongkong.  Manila, 

Singapore  [ 

Fueaucnt       Sailings    To 

Vladivostok  a  North  China  Ports 

We    Solicit    ^ova    Inquiries    For  Cargoes 
To    All  Principal  Forts   In   Tm£  Won» 

<rans  Oceanic  <b. 

Pacific   coas-t  acbhts 

San  ^nanckco     <■*       Seat-tce       -*-       v/acicouvsa 

524  SANtfonc  9r  ammican  e^*  0l»«  Yo*ksh«*c    ElOG. 

Chicago         -v        New    Voft* 

646  Mfl««ueTfe  Blog.  71    0AOADWAV 

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October    19  19 


219 


British  Columbia  In  World  Trade 

Canada's  Future  Prosperity  Depends  Upon  Her  Overseas  Commerce  and  In  This 
Her  Vast   Pacific   Province  Will  Take  a   Large   Part 


/CANADA'S  future  prosperity  de- 
^-^  pends  upon  her  foreign  trade. 
The  very  economic  existence  of  the 
Dominion  is  inextrncably  associated 
with  the  development  of  the  export 
and   import  business  from  her  shores. 

Burdened  with  a  public  debt  of 
appalling  proportions,  the  result  of 
her  part  in  the  Great  War,  in  which 
6.25  of  her  entire  population  enlisted 
for  service  abroad,  Canada  is  faced 
with  a  serious  problem,  the  only  solu- 
tion of  which  is  to  be  found  in  hard 
work  and  economy  at  home,  and  keen 
business  acumen  abroad.  That  the  na- 
tion will  emerge  triumphant,  and  in 
doing  so  will  become  one  of  the  great- 
est commercial  countries  in  the  world, 
no  Canadian,  for  a  single  instant, 
doubts. 

Readjusting    Her    Forces 
For   New    Era    of    Trade 

Sobered  in  the  blood  trial  through 
which  she  passed,  the  Dominion  is 
today  readjusting  her  forces,  is  taking 
stock  of  her  resources  and  preparing 
for  the  exacting  demands  of  peace. 
The  day  of  commercial  adventuring  is 
over.  Business  methods  and  organiza- 
tion are  identified  with  the  policy  of 
the  new  Canada  of  today. 

With  natural  resources  of  untold 
wealth  to  draw  upon,  the  energies  of 
all  are  being  directed  toward  the  de- 
velopment of  the  mines,  forests,  fish- 
eries and  agricultural  lands,  particu- 
larly in  the  Western  Provinces,  where 
the  beneficent  gifts  of  nature  have 
hardly  been   touched. 

It  is  in  the  development  of  these  re- 
sources that  Canada  will  prosper,  and 
in  their  sale  to  foreign  customers. 
Speaking  on  the  subject  recently,  one 
of  Canada's  cabinet  ministers  in  pre- 
dicting that  Vancouver,  the  Western 
Gateway  of  the  Dominion,  would  be- 
come the  Liverpool  of  the  Pacific,  de- 
clared that  the  day  of  "swapping 
jack- knives"  between  the  provinces 
bad  come  to  an  end,  and  that  the 
products  of  farm,  forest,  mine  and 
fisheries  must  pass  through  Canada's 
seaports  to  the  markets  of  the, world. 

In  the  exploitation  of  Canada's  re- 
sources  and   her   advancement    as    a 


By  B.  A.  McKELVIE 


BRITISH     COLUMBIA     PARLIAMENT 
BUILDINGS 

commercial  nation  no  single  port;  has 
such  promise  as  that  of  Vancouver, 
the  Pacific  Coast  terminus  of  the  Dom- 
inion's greatest  and  youngest  trans- 
continental railways. 

Possessed  of  one  of  the  largest  and 
most  sheltered  harbors  in  the  world, 
Vancouver  appears  to  have  been  fash- 
ioned by  nature  to  become  a  great 
and  important  seaport.  It  is  the  nat- 
ural outlet  for  the  trade  of  the  great 
Canadian  West,  and  the  open  door  for 
the  imports  from  the  Orient  and  Aus- 
tralia.   • 


British  Columbia's 

Foreign  Trade 

British  Columbia's  exports  are 
mostly  raw  materials,  lumber  for  Aus- 
tralia and  Britain,  fish  to  Straits  Set- 
tlements and  Europe,  paper  pulp  to 
Australia,  some  machinery  to  China, 
small  portion  to  Siberia;  railway  ma- 
terial to  China.  Outside  of  sM\s  from 
China,  sugar  from  Java,  oils  from  the 
Orient,  there  are  few  imports  at  pres- 
ent. The  unsettled  condition  of  ex- 
change in  the  Orient  and  the  decline 
of  the  value  of  the  British  pound  ster- 
ling, together  with  labor  troubles  and 
other  unsettlement  has  produced  tem- 
porarily pessimistic  strain  in  overseas 
trade. 


The  harbor  of  Vancouver  is  located 
on  the  easterly  side  of  the  Straits  of 
Georgia,  some  distance  north  of  the 
49  parallel,  and  a  few  miles  northeast 


of  the  point  where  the  flood  of  the 
mighty  Praser  River  pours  into  the 
straits.  It  includes  English  Bay,  Bur- 
rard  Inlet,  False  Creek  and  the  North 
Arm  of  Burrard  Inlet,  and  has  a  wat- 
erfront length  of  98.4  miles  of  shel- 
tered waters. 

The  harbor  is  ice  free  all  the  year, 
the  temperature  never  falling  to  zero, 
and  it  is  this  fact  that  is  to  be  a  feat- 
ure in  making  it  the  greatest  wheat 
shipping  port  on  the  Pacific.  The 
problem  of  shipping  Canada's  immense 
grain  crops  to  Europe  is  an  expensive 
one,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  winter 
closes  the  Atlantic  ports. 

Several  years  ago  the  Dominion 
Government  located  an  immense  grain 
elevator  at  Vancouver  in  preparation 
for  the  post-war  trade  with  the  Far 
East.  This  concrete  structure,  one  of 
the  most  up-to-date  on  the  continent, 
capable  of  holding  1,250,000  bushels, 
has  a  loading  capacity  of  60,000  bush- 
els per  hour  into  the  holds  of  four 
vessels  at  one  time.  It  can  receive 
20,000  bushels  an  hour  from  the  grain 
ears  on  the  railway  sidings. 

Ship   Grain  to   Europe 
Via  the  Panama  Canal 

The  Government  was  induced  to 
send  an  experimental  shipment  of 
grain  from  this  elevator  to  Europe  via 
the  Panama  Canal.  It  was  argued  by 
some  that  the  cargo  would  not  stand 
the  voyage  through  the  tropics.  The 
test  was  of  a  most  rigid  character. 
After  the  cargo  was  loaded  the  boat 
did  not  get  away  from  port  for  sev- 
eral weeks,  but  on  arriving  at  Eng- 
land, chemists  declared  that  the  grain 
was  in  first-class  condition,  and  Gov- 
ernment officials  in  reporting  on  the 
matter  declared,  "Wheat  may  be  car- 
ried to  Europe  via  the  Panama  Canal 
without  damage." 

The  Board  of  Harbor  Commissioners, 
who  control  the  Government  elevator, 
are  therefore  preparing,  as  soon  as 
ships  are  available,  to  start  a  steady 
line  of  carriers  through  the  canal  with 
the  wheat  of  the  prairie  provinces. 
It  is  confidently  expected  that  within 
three  or  four  years  practically  all  the 
grain  for  the  European  markets  grown 


220 


Pan   Pacific 


ON    HOWE    SOUND,    NEAR    VANCOUVER 


west  of  Saskatoon,  in  the  Province  of 
Saskatchewan,  will  pass  through  the 
Port  of  Vancouver. 

Dominion  Government 
Plans  Port  Development 
Realizing  the  importance  of  Van- 
couver, the  Dominion  Government  in- 
tends to  spend  within  a  few  years  the 
sum  of  $20,000,000  on  port  develop- 
ments, and  such  is  the  trade  which  is 
expected  to  eventuate  within  the  next 
two  or  three  years  that  work  will  com- 
mence on  the  first  unit  of  the  Gov- 
ernment plans  this  year. 

The  House  of  Commons  has  allo- 
cated $5,000,000  for  this  work,  al- 
though the  details  of  the  whole  of  the 
scheme  have  not  yet  been  completed. 
It  is  understood,  however,  that  among 
the  first  construction  work  undertaken 
by  the  Government  will  be  that  of 
building  several  large  docks  to  handle 
foreign  trade. 

The  Dominion  already  owns  one 
large  concrete  dock,  adjacent  to  the 
elevator.  The  wharf  is  800  feet  in 
length  and  300  feet  in  width.  This 
is  not  considered  as  a  portion  of  the 
work  to  be  included  in  the  port  de- 
velopment scheme.  In  addition  to  the 
work  to  be  undertaken  this  year,  the 
Government  has  plans  for  the  develop- 
ment of  further  terminal  facilities  for 
the  Canadian  National  Railways,  the 
trans-continental  railway  acquired  last 
year.  This  line  will  be  joined  to  a 
port  railway  which  will  also  connect 
with  the  Canadian  Pacific  and  Great 
Northern  Railways. 

Other  Big  Improvements 
Are  Under  Consideration 
The  Canadian  Pacific  Railway  has 
also  under  consideration  extensive 
waterfront  development  to  take  care 
of  the  anticipated  trade  across  the 
Pacific.  Tn  addition  to  the  wharves 
and  docks  already  controlled  by  this 
company,  a  further  expenditure  of  $3,- 
000,000  will  be  undertaken  on  _  docks 
and  warehouses  for  export  and  import 
trade. 

The  company's  fleet  is  being  aug- 
mented  by   the   Empress    of   Canada, 


25,000  tons,  now  en  route  from  Eng- 
land. The  Empress  of  Asia  and  the 
Empress  of  Russia  were  two  21,500 
ton  boats  commissioned  shortly  before 
the  war.  On  the  outbreak  of  hostili- 
ties they  were  taken  over  by  the  Brit- 
ish Admiralty  and  were  put  to  various 
tasks  from  acting  as  armed  auxiliaries 
in  the  Pacific  to  transporting  Canadian 
and  American  troops  across  the  At- 
lantic, duties  from  which  they  have 
lately  returned  to  again  enter  into  the 
Pacific  trade. 

The  present  wharves  in  use  for  deep 
sea  trade  have  a  total  area  of  1,253,070 
square  feet,  while  the  shed  area  is 
734,300  square  feet.  This  is  insuffi- 
cient to  meet  the  requirements  of  the 
port,  and  it  is  stated  that  250,000 
square  feet  of  shed  accommodation 
and  400,000  square  feet  of  wharves 
will  be  constructed  within  the  next 
two  years.  The  new  structures  will 
have  the  latest  devices  for  expeditious- 
ly handling  cargoes. 

Subsidy    Is     Offered 
For  a  Graving  Dock 

The  Federal  government  .has  offered 
a  subsidy  for  the  construction  of  a 
graving  dock  at  Vancouver,  and  sev- 
eral large  companies  are  now  in  ne- 
gotiation with  the  marine  department. 
One  company,  said  to  be  backed  by 
English  capital,  proposes  the  expendi- 
ture of  $15,000,000  on  a  dock  and  ship- 
building plant.  The  land  for  the  plant 
is  under  option  on  the  north  shore  of 
the  Inlet. 

In  addition  an  English  concern  is 
making  arrangements  for  the  location 
of  a  great  steel  making  industry  on 
Burrard  Inlet.  Here  steel  will  be  fab- 
ricated for  shipbuilding.  British  Co- 
lumbia iron  ores  will  be  smelted,  the 
Provincial  Government,  having  offered 
a  bonus  of  $3  a  ton  for  iron  or  steel 
manufactured  from  native  ores. 

The  manufacture  of  steel  on  the 
British  Columbia  coast  will  give  an 
impetus  to  ship  building,  and  the 
building  of  carriers  for  the  carrying 
of  the  products  of  British  Columbia 


will  follow.     Ships  are  the  need  of  the 
coast  at  the  present  time. 

Three  steel  shipyards  are  working 
at  the  present  time,  but  the  two  lo- 
cated at  Vancouver  are  engaged  on 
Cm-eminent  contracts  and  have  not 
yet  undertaken  private  orders.  These 
ships  will  eventually  enter  the  West 
Coast  trade,  but  at  present  the  com- 
pleted cargo  boats  are  sent  to  the 
Atlantic  for  service.  Hon.  Dr.  Reid, 
minister  of  railways,  however,  gave 
the  assurance  that  the  Government  line 
of  steamers  would  eventually  trade  in 
the  Pacific.  In  fact  he  declared  that 
the  Federal  policy  included  a  regular 
Aveekly  service  from  Canadian  Atlantic 
ports,  via  the  West  Indies,  to  British 
Columbia. 

To     Establish     Ship     Line 
Between  B.  C.  and  S.  Africa 

Arrangements  are  now  under  way 
for  the  establishment  of  a  line  between 
South  Africa  and  British  Columbia. 
Much  of  the  trade  of  the  South  Afri- 
can Union  now  going  to  Japan  has 
been  promised  to  British  Columbia 
manufacturers,  as  well  as  a  tremend- 
ous lumber  export  trade  from  the 
mills  of  Vancouver  and  the  vicinity 
to  that  country. 

The  co-operation  between  the  com- 
monwealths of  the  British  Empire  in 
the  war  is  to  be  continued  during  the 
future.  Australia,  New  Zealand  and 
Canada  are  preparing  for  a  greater 
exchange  of  products  than  heretofore. 
Woolen  mills  are  to  be  established  at 
Vancouver  to  manufacture  cloth,  not 
only  from  the  raw  materials  which  are 
to  be  secured  in  abundance  from  the 
sheep  ranches  of  the  province,  but 
from  the  imported  wool  from  Aus- 
tralia and  New  Zealand. 

The  lumber  trade  with  the  Anti- 
podes commenced  during  the  war 
gives  promise  of  increasing,  while  the 
Commonwealth  offers  an  excellent  mar- 
ket for  the  apple  crops  of  the  Okan- 
agan. 

The  Canadian-Australian  line  con- 
templates the  addition  of  several  large 
freighters  to  their  fleet,  one  of  which 
will  be  put  into  commission  almost 
immediately. 

Robert    Dollar    Line 
Adding  to  B.  C.  Fleet 

The  Canadian  Robert  Dollar  line, 
with  headquarters  at  Vancouver,  are 
adding  two  ships  to  their  fleet.  This 
will  augment  the  tonnage  in  the  Ca- 
nadian-Orient service  by  some  29,000 
tons.  The  company  is  operating  its 
own  saw  mills  in  Burrard  Inlet  and 
is  doing  an  increasingly  large  trade 
in  lumber. 

The  first  steamers  of  a  French  line 
to  operate  between  Vancouver  and 
French  ports  is  expected  on  the  coast 
in  November.  The  Harrison  Line,  ply- 
ing between  the  United  Kingdom  and 
Vancouver,  is  again  putting  boats  into 
operation,  while  the  Blue  Funnel 
steamers  are  again  in  the  trans-Pacific 
trade, 


October    19  19 


221 


Vancouver  a  World  Metropolis 

With  a  Magnificent  Natural  Harbor,   Delightful    Climate    and    Commanding    the 
Western  Canadian  Route  Overseas,  the  Future  of  the  Port  is  Assured 


VANCOUVER,  the  commercial 
metropolis  of  Canada's  West,  is 
a  city  just  thirty-three  years  old  and 
has  a  present  population  of  more  than 
175,000,  with  new  residents  arriving 
by  every  boat  and  train. 

On  the  Gulf  of  Georgia,  less  than 
thirty  miles  north  of  the  United 
States  boundary,  Vancouver's  geo- 
graphical position  embraces  every  ad- 
vantage for  which  many  a  larger  city 
contrives,  builds  towards,  spends  mil- 
lions upon  and  never  quite  secures  by 
artificial  means,  but  here  they  are,  a 
natural  part  of  Vancouver  and  taken 
for  granted  by  the  people  who  live 
here. 

The  city  is  built  between  the  delta 
of  the  great  Praser  river  and  Burrard 
inlet,  with  highlands  and  lowlands, 
lias  natural  drainage  that  no  engineer 
could  plan  and  carry  out,  unlimited 
electric  power  and  pure  drinking  wa- 
ter, is  indented  with  landlocked  har- 
bors, overlooked  by  mighty  mountains, 
surrounded  and  interspersed  by  giant 
forest  trees,  with  a  soil  that  produces 
flowers  and  vegetables  for  eight 
months  of  the  year,  favored  by  a  cli- 
mate that,  tempered  by  the  Japanese 
current,  moderates  heat  and  cold  to 
degrees  almost  unbelievable  in  a  coun- 


By  J.  REGINALD  DAVISON 

o ■ 

try  so  far  north,  relieved  of  the  mos- 
quito pest  and  possessed  of  natural 
playgrounds  as  well  as  sites  for  indus- 
tries that  seem  as  if  they  had  been 
planned  for  work  from  the  time  of 
The  Beginning. 

The  Sleeping  Beauty 
Source  of  Tranquility 

There  is,  overlooking  Vancouver 
from  the  north,  a  form  of  mountain 
tops  that  picture  a  woman  resting. 
Her  head  lies  comfortably  upon  a  pil- 
low that  has  taken  a  whole  mountain 
to  make;  her  drawn-up  knees  are 
formed  by  another  mountain  peak  and 
draperies,  carelessly  thrown  over 
them,  are  usually  the  white  of  a  sus- 
pended avalanche  that,  sometimes  in 
mid-summer,  turns  to  a  greenish 
brown,  but  seldom  for  more  than  a 
week  or  two.  This  mountain  picture 
is  known  as  The  Sleeping  Beauty  and 
can  be  seen  from  nearly  every  window 
in  the  city  that  faces  north,  and  is 
glanced  at  ten  thousand  and  more 
times  a  day  by  pedestrians  on  Van- 
couver's streets. 

No  matter  what  one's  personal  wor- 
ries may  be,  what  upsettals  there  are 
in  the  world,  what  rumors  there  may 


be  of  continued  unrest,  the  sight  of 
the  Sleeping  Beauty  lying  serenely 
above  it  all  unconsciously  becomes  a 
source  of  mental  tranquility.  Behind 
the  Sleeping  Beauty  are  two  mountain 
peaks  known  as  the  "Lions,"  that  also 
keep  an  eternal  watch  over  the  city 
of  Vancouver,  the  whole  Fracer  delta 
and  the  waters  surrounding.  Wonder- 
ful Indian  legends,  telling  of  protec- 
tion of  lands  and  of  the  people  that 
dwell  on  them,  are  woven  about  these 
mountain  pictures  until  it  seems  as  if 
the  dwellers  in  Vancouver  feel  their 
presence  and  cease  to  worry,  for  it  is 
doubtful  if  there  is  another  busy,  rap- 
idly growing  city  anywhere  whose  in- 
habitants are  less  excitable,  apparently 
unenthusiastie,  who  take  conditions 
just  as  they  come  and  yet  progress 
with  leaps  and  bounds  that  place  them 
among  the  first  rankers  in  whatever 
they  undertake  to  do. 

Psychology  of  City 
An  Interesting  Study 
It  is  an  interesting  study,  the 
psychology  of  the  city  of  Vancouver, 
for,  no  matter  what  evils  have  threat- 
ened it,  and  there  have  been  many 
man-arranged  ones,  no  planned  calam- 
ity has  been  fulfilled,  and  no  one  has 
grown    fearful    or    even    deeply    con- 


[fliiilililillllii 

A    BUSY    CORNER    IN    VANCOUVER— HASTINGS    AND    GRANVILLE    STREETS 


222 


Pan   Pacific 


AEROPLANE  VIEW  OF  PORT  OF  VANCOUVER,   B.   C. 


scious  of  catastrophy  when  it  has  been 
dangled  in  words  before  them  as  the 
city's  certain  fate.  There  is  a  deep- 
down  feeling  that  Vancouver  cannot 
be  harmed,  yet  I  have  never  heard  a 
verbal  expression  of  the  feeling  except 
from  strangers  who  have  come  within 
our  gates;  they  feel  it,  speak  of  it  and 
try  to  probe  it  to  its  depths.  It  can- 
not be  a  mind  growth  of  centuries, 
for  few  of  Vancouver's  inhabitants 
were  born  in  Western  Canada,  but 
someway  it  quietly  permeates  the 
thoughts  of  the  all  sorts  and  condi- 
tions of  peoples  when  they  make  their 
homes  and  conduct  their  businesses 
beneath  the  shadows  of  the  pictured 
mountains  about  which  legends  of  pro- 
tection and  faith  have  been  handed 
down. 

This  may  be  far  afield  in  a  talk 
upon  the  commercial  activities  of  a 
busy  Pacific  seaport,  but  the  mental 
attitude  of  the  average  Vancouver 
citizen  is  so  often  commented  upon, 
and  many  times  put  down  to  apathy 
and  enervation,  that,  as  a  dweller  in 
and  lover  of  Vancouver,  I  want  to 
bring  it  to  the  fore  and  to  put  it  in 
its  proper  and  lasting  place. 

Now,   the  Vancouver  harbors! 

What  do  they  amount  to? 

It  is  always  easy  to  take  a  natural 
physical  feature  and  proclaim  for  it  a 
first  place  in  the  world,  especially 
when  one  has  never  seen  or  even  heard 
of  one-half,  the  world 's  wonders,  so,  I 


tell  you  in  plain  facts  just  what  Van- 
couver's harbors  are. 

Burrard  inlet,  in  which  great  ships 
from  the  world  over  dock,  is  entirely 
landlocked  and  extends  for  twenty- 
one  miles  between  Vancouver  center 
and  North  Vancouver,  with  a  breadth 
of  from  one  and  a  half  to  two  and  a 
half  miles.  This  inlet  is  entered  from 
the  gulf  of  Georgia,  through  sentinel 
flanked  Narrows  and  is  absolutely  pro- 
tected from  storm  and  from  invading 
peril. 

A  second  arm  of  water  penetrates 
from  English  Bay  (a  part  of  the  Gulf 
of  Georgia)  into  the  very  heart  of 
Vancouver's  business  district,  and  is 
known  by  the  unpleasing  name  of 
False  creek.  Four  viaducts  are  built 
over  this  harbor,  and  upon  its  waters, 
at  high  tide,  there  is  tremendous  ac- 
tivity of  small  craft.  Upon  the  banks 
of  False  creek  are  shipyards,  lumber 
mills,  cement,  iron,  woodenware  and 
many  other  industries. 

The  third  great  harbor  is  the  Fraser 
river,  navigable  for  deepest  sea-going 
vessels  for  twenty-five  miles  inward. 
This  harbor  is  to  the  south  of  Van- 
couver proper,  making,  with  the  oth- 
ers, a  circuitous  water  front  of  eighty- 
four  miles  within  easy  distance  of  its 
commercial  center,  twenty  miles  of 
which  are  of  deep  water  anchorage. 

Besides  the  tremendous  and  ever  in- 
creasing traffic  on  the  waterways,  Van- 
couver's  railway  facilities  are   excep- 


tional. It  is  the  Pacific  Ocean  termi- 
nus of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railway, 
also  the  Canadian  National,  the  Fraser 
Valley,  the  Pacific  Great  Eastern  and 
the  Kettle  Valley  railways.  United 
States  lines  represented  in  Vancouver 
are  the  Northern  Pacific,  the  Chicago 
Milwaukee  and  St.  Paul  and  the  Union 
Pacific.  At  least  six  other  railroads 
are  planning  to  come  into  Vancouver. 

Thus,  Vancouver  is  Canada's  most 
important  Pacific  port,  for  it  com- 
mands the  Western  Canadian  route  to 
Russia,  the  Orient,  Australia  and  New 
Zealand.  It  is  in  immediate  touch 
with  the  grain  fields  of  the  Canadian 
prairies  and,  via  the  Panama  canal, 
affords  the  shortest  routes  for  ship- 
ments to  Europe,  South  America  and 
Mexico.  Its  harbors  are  open  the  year 
around. 

Shipbuilding  in  Vancouver  was  prac- 
tically only  begun  in  the  year  1917, 
yet,  in  1918,  there  had  been  built,  in 
the  five  shipyards,  thirty-six  vessels— 
eighteen  steel  and  eighteen  wooden — 
totaling  175,000  tons  and  employing 
4,911  men.  Large  contracts  were 
made,  and  are  still  being  filled,  for 
France,  Norway  and  other  foreign 
countries. 

Other  lumber  industries  have  sprung 
into  line,  just  because  they  had  to, 
and  now,  instead  of  sending  away  for 
wooden  made  ware,  the  number  of  fac- 
tories have  so  increased  that  Van- 
couver is  shipping  out  instead  of  in. 

(Continued  on  page  242) 


October    1  9.1  9 


223 


Two  Nations  That  Are  Kindred 

Canadians  and  Americans,  Using  the  Same  Language,  Belong  to  the  Same  Intel- 
lectual  Commonwealth  and  Will   Be  Friendly  Trade  Rivals 


By  JOHN  W.  DAFOE 


r  I  "VHE  most  vivid  and  most  lasting 
-*-  impression  that  1  brought  back 
from  Paris  is  that  the  North  American 
continent  is  a  good  place  in  which  to 
live.  I  am,  after  my  observations  in 
Paris,  more  than  ever  content  to  live 
in  North  America,  separated  from  En- 
rope  by  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  which  is 
a  wide  jump,  and  from  Asia  by  the 
Pacific  Ocean,  which  is  a  jump  wider 
still.  The  trouble  with  Europe  is  that 
it  has  too  much  past  and  not  enough 
future. 

The  negotiations  at  Paris  did  not 
take  the  hoped  for  course,  and  the  re- 
sult has  been  disappointing.  The  be- 
lief was  general  in  our  countries  that 
the  world,  after  the  carnival  of  blood, 
passion  and  destruction  of  the  preced- 
ing four  years,  would  be  willing  to 
turn  its  back  upon  the  past  and  open 
a  new  era,  foregoing  the  racial  ha- 
treds, the  commercial  jealousies  and 
the  imperialistic  ambitions  which 
brought  about  the  unimaginable  disas- 
ter of  the  great  war.  The  course  of 
events  at  Paris  belied  this  hope. 

In  the  secret  councils  of  the  Peace 
Conference  idealism  and  what  the  Ger- 
mans call  real  politik  fought  out  their 
duels,  and  each  Avon  something  from 
the  struggle. 

Boundary    Unmarked 
By    Port    or    Sentry 

As  against  the  twenty-five  warring, 
jealous  peoples  of  Europe,  divided  by 
inherited  fueds  and  by  conflicting  am- 
bitions for  the  future,  we  have  on  this 
Continent  north  of  the  Rio  Grande  but 
two  nations.  Between  these  countries 
stretches  a  boundary  line  unmarked  by 
fortress  or  by  armed  sentry  or  by  ves- 
sel with  frowning  guns.  When  you 
crossed  our  boundary  you  encountered 
no  alien  speech,  no  strange  garb,  no 
unusual  customs  to  tell  you  that  you 

re  in  a  foreign  land, 
ou     found     yourself     not     among 

angers  but  among  kinsmen — kin  not 
only  by  the  tie  of  blood  but  as  well 
by  the  bonds  of  common  purposes,  be- 
liefs and  ideals.  No  inherited  feud 
separates  us.  In  our  histories  we  can 
find  tales  of  "old  unhappy  far  off  days 
and  battles  long  ago,"  but  these  mem- 
ories have  been  lost  in  an  age  long 
peace  which  has  brought  us  the  occa- 
sion for  common  sacrifices  in  a  great 
cause.  We  have  here  none  of  the 
springs  which  feed  the  international 
hatreds  of  Europe. 

One  out  of  every  six  Canadians  born 
this  country  is  now  resident  in  the 


wen 

stra 


The  following  is  a  portion  of  an 
eloquent  address  delivered  in  Winnipeg 
recently  before  the  National  Editorial 
Association  of  the  United  States  by 
John  W .  Dafoe,  editor  of  the  Mani- 
toba "Free  Press,"  Winnipeg.  Mr. 
Dafoe  returned  from  Paris  not  long 
since,  where  he  represented  during  the 
Peace  Conference  the  Canadian  De- 
partment of  Public  Information. 

0 

United  States,  but  there  is  no  Canada 
irredenta  south  of  the  line  which  we 
dream  of  capturing  in  order  to  free 
our  brethren  from  oppression.  When 
Canadians  cross  the  line  they  take  the 
place  to  which  their  talents  fit  them. 
There  is  no  position  not  open  to  them 
except  the  Presidency. 

Interchange  of  Brains 
Between  Two  Countries 
You  make  Cabinet  Ministers  of 
them,  like  Franklin  Lane,  or  principals 
of  universities,  like  Schurman  of  Cor- 
nell, or  leading  journalists,  like  the 
late  Joseph  Medill,  or  railway  mag- 
nates, like  J.  J.  Hill.  These  men  were 
never  strangers  to  you — they  were 
from  the  beginning  part  of  your  com- 
munity and  were  accepted  by  you  on 
their  merits.  And  you  have  paid  us 
in  kind.  You  will  find  Americans  in 
our  Legislatures,  in  our  Parliament, 
among  our  railway  executives,  in  our 
great   business  enterprises. 

Nor  is  this  interchange  a  matter  of 
only  the  last  generation  or  so.  It  has 
been  going  on  since  there  was  an  Eng- 
lish Canada  at  all.     We  are  not  simply 


kindred  peoples  through  descent  by 
parallel  channels  from  a  common  an- 
cestral stock,  with  a  joint  inheritance 
of  language  and  of  moral  and  political 
ideas. 

The  foundations  of  English  Canada 
— social,  business  and  political — were 
laid  by  men  who  were  of  British  Amer- 
ican stock.  This  is  a  fact  whose  sig- 
nificance and  implications  are  not 
fully  realized  on  either  side  of  the  line. 
Clash  Between  Schools 
Of     English     Thought 

What  is  known  as  the  American 
Revolution  was  not  a  war  between  the 
American  colonies  and  the  English 
motherland — it  was  a  clash  between 
two  schools  of  English  thought;  an 
English  civil  war  which  chanced  to  be 
fought  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic. 
The  victors  won  not  only  territorial 
independence  for  themselves  but  they 
put  the  whole  English  race  back  on 
the  road  of  liberty  from  which  it  had 
been  lured  by  influences  which  in  their 
origin  were  not  British  but  German. 

The  American  minority  in  this  civil 
war,  the  defenders  of  the  lost  cause, 
the  people  who  figure  in  your  histories 
as  Tories,  after  the  issue  of  the  war 
had  gone  against  them,  moved  north 
into  the  wilderness  by  tens  of  thou- 
sands and  founded  the  British  com- 
munities which  ninety  years  later  were 
linked  up  into  the  Dominion  of 
Canada. 

The  men  who  lay  the  foundation  of 
a  community  give  it  an  impress  and 
character  which  it  never  sheds;  they 


" 


INNER   HARBOR,  VICTORIA,   B,   C. 


224 


Pan  Pacific 


TYPICAL    BRITISH    COLUMBIA    MOUNTAIN    SCENE— LAKE   OF   CLOUDS 


dig  the  channels  along  which  the  cur- 
rents of  life  run;  they  fix  the  focal 
points  ahout  which  the  elements  of  na- 
tional life  crystallize.  English  Canada 
has  never  abandoned  the  standards  set 
by  those  first  makers  of  this  Common- 
wealth —  lawgivers,  divines,  teachers, 
farmers,  merchants — who  have  been  in 
their  graves  over  a  hundred  years  and 
from  whose  mouldering  epitaphs  one 
can  learn  that  they  were  born  in  New 
England  or  in  New  York  or  in  Penn- 
sylvania or  Virginia. 

Are  Kindred  Peoples 
Prom  Common  Stock 

Canadians  and  Americans  are  kin- 
dred peoples,  derived  from  a  common 
stock,  who  were  divided  by  an  issue 
which  separated  brother  from  brother; 
and  each  section  of  the  divided  family 
has  since  received  accretions  of  popu- 
lation from  similar  sources.  The  re- 
sult is  the  typical  Canadian  and  Amer- 
ican of  today — differing  in  our  con- 
ception of  the  State  and  in  our  alleg- 
iance, but  so  alike  in  physical  appear- 
ance, in  mental  aptitudes,  in  social  and 
business  conventions,  in  outlook,  that 
we  pass  from  one  country  to  another 
without  experiencing  any  depressing 
feeling  in  our  new  homes,  that  we  are 
strangers  in  a  strange  land. 

But  this  close  relationship  in  blood, 
this  joint  inheritance  of  law,  this  pride 
in  the  glorious  ancient  England  who 
was  our  common  mother,  would  not  in 
themselves  insure  this  continent  peace, 
harmony  and  fraternity;  for  North 
America  is  not  an  Anglo-Saxon  pre- 
serve. In  our  populations  on  both 
sides  of  the  line  there  are  blood  strains 
from  every  European  race.  Racially 
North  America  has  tended  to  become 
a  replica  of  Europe.  How  have  we  es- 
caped the  blood  feuds  which  period- 
ically turn  Europe  into  shambles?  We 
have  escaped  because  our  immigrants 
of  diverse   stocks  have,    at    least    in 


their  second  generation,  taken  our  lan- 
guage for  their  own. 

The  experience  of  Europe  has  shown 
that  a  people  living  in  its  ancestral 
home  is  an  indestructible  racial  unit. 
The  combination  of  soil,  race  and  lan- 
guage endures  alike  the  shock  of  war 
and  the  slow  tooth  of  time.  But  the 
experience  of  America  is  that  when 
people  remove  from  their  native  soil 
they  assimilate  the  standards  of  the 
land  to  which  they  go,  provided  they 
adopt  the  language  of  their  new  home. 

People  who  use  the  same  language 
belong  to  the  same  intellectual  com- 
monwealth; they  have  access  to  the 
same  stores  of  knowledge  and  reflec- 
tion; they  drink  from  common  funds 
of  inspiration.  Though  they  may  dif- 
fer upon  occasion  and  over  secondary 
issues  they  are  fundamentally  the  same 


people,  and  on  great  causes  they  stand 

together,  as  we  did  at  Armageddon. 

Great  Commonwealth 

Is  the  Canadian  Aim 

There  are  those  who,  noting  their 
likeness  to  one  another  not  only  in 
fundamentals  but  in  external  conven- 
tions, suggest  that  the  time  may  come 
when  the  two  English  speaking  na- 
tions on  this  continent  will  be  made 
one  by  an  honorable  marriage. 

That  will  never  be.  It  is  not  neces- 
sary; it  is  not  desirable;  and  it  is 
not  practicable.  It  is  the  unchange- 
able purpose  of  the  Canadian  people 
to  build  up  on  the  northern  half  of 
this  continent  one  of  the  great  com- 
monwealths of  all  time. 

As  you  go  throughout  the  country 
and  take  note  of  our  wide  plains,  our 
great  rivers,  our  mighty  forests  and 
our  towering  mountains  you  will  see 
that  we  have  the  physical  setting  for 
such  an  empire  as  that  of  our  vision; 
and  we  believe,  more  deeply  than  ever, 
by  virtue  of  all  that  the  last  five  years 
has  shown  that  as  a  people  we  shall 
be  equal  to  our  destiny. 

Glory     of     Canada 
In  War's  Sacrifice 

The  valor  and  the  sacrifices  of  our 
half  million  sons  on  the  battlefields  of 
Europe  have  placed  the  name  of  Ca- 
nada high  in  the  firmament  of  glory, 
and  there  it  shall  shine  with  growing 
splendor  during  the  centuries. 

But  in  this  future  for  us  there  is  no 
menace  to  you.  We  shall  be  friendly, 
generous  rivals  in  a  noble  competition 
of  service.  We  shall  learn  from  one 
another's  perfections,  we  shall  be 
guided  by  one  another's  mistakes.  We 
shall  guard  our  common  and  sacred 
inheritance  of  democratic  civilization 
from  enemies  without  and  from  foes 
within,  to  the  end  that  there  will  be 
in  perpetuity  on  this  happy,  fruitful 
continent  sister  nations — alike  and  yet 
unlike. 


TYPICAL   BRITISH   COLUMBIA    RIVER   SCENE— ON    THE    FRASER 


October    19  19 


225 


Captain  Dollar's  Views  on  B.  C. 

Must  Produce  More  For  Export,  To  Trim   the  Craft  of  Trade  and  Right  the  Huge 

Exchange   Balance  Against   the   Dominion 


CAPTAIN  ROBERT  DOLLAR, 
head  of  the  well  known  Dollar 
Steamship  Company,  with  offices  in  all 
the  principal  coast  cities  on  the  At- 
lantic and  Pacific,  has  been  attending 
the  foreign  trade  convention  at  Cal- 
gary. Upon  his  arrival  in  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  he  was  asked  for  his  views  on 
the  future  of  ocean  commerce  and 
said : 

"We  want  more  trade  conferences, 
more  get-together  meetings  on  this 
great  question  which  means  the  very 
life  of  the  country.  The  Calgary  con- 
vention was  only  provincial,  but  it 
showed  the  right  spirit,  namely,  co- 
operation, and  next  year  if  British 
Columbia  does  not  get  into  it  the  At- 
lantic, will,  and  then  again  the  East 
will  pull  for  the  trade  worked  up  by 
the  conference. 

"Can  British  Columbia  not  see  that 
two-thirds  of  the  trade  advanced  by 
such  a  conference  would  have  to  come 
through  this  port?  Then  why  was 
British  Columbia  not  represented  by 
more  business  men  at  that  convention? 
There  were  more  representatives  from 
Chicago  than  there  were  from  prov- 
inces outside  of  Alberta.  Chicago 
knows  how  the  great  Foreign  Trade 
Council  of  the  United  States  started, 
with  just  a  handful  of  men  in  New 
York.  The  first  year  there  were  only 
about  600  present,  but  this  year  in 
Chicago  2,500  men  were  in  attendance. 

Canada's      Condition 
He  Considers  Serious 

"If  you  wanted  the  most  important 
banker,  the  most  important  transpor- 
tation man  or  the  most  prominent  pro- 
ducer of  agricultural  or  manufactur- 
ing fame,  in  the  United  States  you 
found  him  at  that  convention,"  said 
Captain  Dollar.  "And  I  sincerely  hope 
that  next  year  Western   Canada  will 

iave  the  largest  convention  on  foreign 
•ade  it  has  known  in  its  history, 
hese  affairs  should  never  be  provin- 
al,  they  should  be  national. 
"The  condition  of  the  Dominion  of 
anada  today  is  serious,  with  such  a 
huge  trade  balance  against  it,  espe- 
cially when  it  has  to  export  its  wheat 
crop  to  the  European  continent.  Some- 
thing must  be  done  to  right  the  ex- 
change, but  T  should  dislike  to  see  se- 
curities sold  in  the  United  States  for 
that  purpose.  It  would  be  more  ad- 
vantageous and  better  business  to  pro- 
duce more  and  ship  it  out,  so  the 
Kioney  may  return  and  trim  the  craft 
of  trade.     The   same  may   be  said   of 

Murope,  where  it  is  hard,  despite  the 


CAPTAIN  ROBERT  DOLLAR 

predictions  and  warnings  of  Frank 
Vanderlip,  to  realize  that  a  nation 
with  the  resources  of  Great  Britain 
could  be  in  a  perilous  financial  posi- 
tion. 

"I  had  the  pleasure  of  spending  a 
short  time  with  Mr.  Vanderlip  re- 
cently, and  I  must  say  he  is  a  con- 
vincing man  who  has  made  a  study  of 
the  situation  in  Europe  and  is  certain 
that  the  European  continent  is  in  a 
critical  condition  financially. 

Boats  Come  in  Ballast 
From      Great      Britain 

"Great  Britain,  one  of  the  greatest 
producing  countries  in  the  world  prior 
to  the  war,  is  without  an  outbound 
cargo  today.  Two  of  our  boats  left 
there  last  week  in  ballast,  and  al- 
though there  are  cargoes  offering  from 
America  to  Europe  nothing  is  coming 
this  way." 

Captain  Dollar  attributed  some  of 
this  condition  to  the  fact  that  the  coal 
strikes  have  cut  off  manufacturing 
production  and  coal  export. 

The  two  boats  recently  purchased  by 
the  Dollar  company  will  soon  be  on  the 
Pacific  routes  in  the  Singapore  trade, 
and,  speaking  on  the  future  commerce 
of  the  Pacific,  Captain  Dollar  stated 
that  at  present  the  enormous  Japanese 
merchant  fleet  has  captured  much  of 
the  freight  on  the  transpacific  lanes, 
but  now  that  the  war  is  over  the 
Canadian  boats  anticipate  securing 
their  share  and  are  going  after  it  to 
win. 

"There  is  little  to  be  alarmed  at 
over  the  threat  that  low  cost  of  opera- 
tion of  Japanese  steamers,  with  low- 


priced  German  goods,  would  hold  the 
markets  of  the  world,  in  my  mind," 
said  the  shipping  magnate. 

"Japan  has  done  wonders  in  the  last 
fifty  years.  I  was  in  the  park  in  Ha- 
kadote  on  the  occasion  of  the  fiftieth 
anniversary  of  Commodore  Perry 
opening  the  ports  of  Japan,  and  there 
before  me  was  a  model  of  the  steam 
schooner,  an  exact  replica  of  the  boat 
presented  to  Japan  by  Queen  Victoria 
a  little  over  fifty  years  ago.  An  in- 
scription is  written  across  the  bottom 
of  the  boat,  as  follows:  'This  was  our 
entire  fleet  forty  years  ago.  To  show 
you  what  improvement  we  have  made 
in  that  time  please  turn  around.' 
Have  Got  To  Meet 
Japanese  Competition 
"And  there,"  said  Captain  Dollar, 
"lay  the  entire  Japanese  war  fleet  and 
many  large  merchantmen  floating  the 
flag  of  Japan.  It  was  a  grand  sight 
to  see  such  an  armada,  but  a  fleet 
which  we  have  to  reckon  with  when 
we  commence  to  compete  for  trade. 
Overhead  costs  must  be  kept  down  on 
our  boats  that  we  may  successfully 
compete  against  this  formidable 
rival." 

Referring  to  the  proposal  to  build 
docks  at  Kitsilano,  Captain  Dollar 
said:  "Now  let  us  look  at  this  situa- 
tion. Here  you  have  Burrard  Inlet, 
with  all  kinds  of  beautiful  frontage 
for  docks  to  carry  you  for  years;  on 
the  other  side  you  have  magnificent 
beaches  where  the  city  can  play  and 
tourists  can  revel,  two  contrary  means 
of  bringing  money  into  the  city. 

"Why  not  retain  the  two  by  keeping 
the  dock  proposition  on  Burrard  Inlet 
until  it  is  full?  That  looks  like  the 
most  businesslike  proposition  to  me. 
Besides,  you  could  have  a  dam  and 
locks  at  the  narrows,  connecting  Van- 
couver with  the  north  shore,  and  at 
the  same  time  keeping  an  even  tide  in 
the  harbor.  It  looks  ridiculous  to  me 
to  even  think  of  spending  millions  out 
at  Kitsilano  until  Vancouver  gets  its 
immediate  waterfront  full,  and  I  can- 
not think  the  Government  is  serious  in 
such  a  proposition. 

"As  to  accommodation  for  our  own 
boats,  if  the  Government  does  not 
hurry  up  and  build  some  additional 
modern  facilities  in  the  port  we  will 
do  so  ourselves." 


226 


Pan  Pacific 


Canada's  Big  Chance  In  Orient 

Dominion  Banker,  Just  Returned  From  Asia,  Reports  China  and  Japan  Ready  to  Do 

Business  With   the  Nations  of  America 


"/^  ANADIAN    manufacturers    and 

^~*  merchants  have  simply  won- 
derful opportunities  for  business  in 
China  and  Japan — simply  wonderful!" 

The  speaker  was  George  Wilson,  as- 
sistant general  manager  of  the  Union 
Bank  of  Canada,  who  has  just  re- 
turned to  America  after  seven  months 
in  the  Orient  in  behalf  of  the  Park 
Union  Foreign  Bank  Corporation  of 
New  York  and  San  Francisco. 

In  view  of  the  nature  of  Mr.  Wil- 
son's mission,  which  had  to  do  pri- 
marily with  the  establishing  of  a  num- 
ber of  branches  for  the  institution  he 
represented,  and  of  the  fact  that  he 
was  for  some  two  years  first  agent  of 
the  Union  Bank  of  Canada  in  New 
York,  his  comments  on  the  banking 
and  business  situation  in  the  Orient 
should  be  interesting  to  business  men 
and  bankers  of  both  Canada  and  the 
United  States. 

"Japan  has  made  phenomenal  pro- 
gress internally  and  externally  during 
the  last  five  years,"  Mr.  Wilson  said. 
"Her  total  foreign  trade  increased 
from  1,360,000,000  yen  in  1913  to  2.- 
300,000,000  yen  in  the  year  ended  Au- 
gust 31,  1918.  During  the  period  of 
only  sixty  years  Japan  has  evolved  a 
whole  new  industrial  system,  whicb  it 


may  be  said  compares  today  quite 
favorably  with  those  of  many  of  the 
Western  countries.  The  progress 
achieved  by  Japan  since  1854  forms  a 
marvellous  example  of  human  pro- 
gress. 

"An  unbiased  visitor  to  Japan  for 
the  first  time  cannot  help  but  be  im- 
pressed with  the  alertness,  the  indus- 
try and  the  courtesy  of  its  people.  The 
country  is  intensively  cultivated 
throughout,  literally  not  an  acre  of 
cultivable  land — even  to  the  mountain 
tops — being  neglected.  Reforestation 
is  ;i  fine  art  with  the  Japanese,  strict 
regulations  prescribing  that  a  new 
tree  must  be  planted  whenever  one 
has  been  felled ;  and  it  is  a  common 
sight  to  see  acres  of  recently  planted 
trees  high  up  on  what  appears  to  be 
an  almost  inaccessible  slope.  Men, 
women  and  children  are  seen  every- 
where working  in  the  fields  through- 
out the  land. 

"The  population  of  the  country  is 
today  70,000,000  and  it  is  increasing 
at  the  rate  of  600,000  a  year.  As  a 
result,  of  course,  universal  industry  is 
an  absolute  necessity.  Under  these 
circumstances  it  is  to  be  expected  that 
Japan  should  be  looking  for  an  outlet 
for  her  surplus  population  in  the  con- 


tiguous and  comparatively  undevel- 
oped Manchuria,  Mongolia  and  other 
parts  of  China." 

Canada,  according  to  Mr.  Wilson,  is 
represented  in  Japan  by  several  buy- 
ing houses,  but  so  far  no  organized 
effort  has  been  made  to  sell  Canadian 
products — this  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
there  is  apparently  a  splendid  market 
in  Japan  for  a  number  of  commodities 
manufactured  in  Canada.  However, 
the  Canadian  trade  commissioner  in 
Yokohama  has  done,  and  is  doing, 
valuable  work,  largely  in  the  direction 
of  advertising  Canada,  although  his 
hands  are  tied  somewhat  by  the  re- 
strictions placed  on  his  activities  by 
the  home  authorities. 

Mr.  Wilson  suggests  that  the 
Canadian  Manufacturers  Association 
might,  with  profit  to  itself,  arrange 
an  attractive  exhibition  of  Canada's 
products  either  in  Tokio  or  Yokohama. 
This  exhibition  should  be  in  the  hands 
of  expert  salesmen,  who  should  period- 
ically visit  different  parts  of  the  coun- 
try. As  one  of  the  chief  aims  of  the 
Canadian  Government  at  Ottawa 
should  be  to  do  all  in  its  power  to 
promote  the  growth  of  Canada's  ex- 
port trade,  such  an  enterprise  should 
be  subsidized  by  the  Government.     Tn 


Is  Pacific  Coast  Only  a  61  to  1  Shot  in  Estimation  of  Shipping  Board? 


L&£jj£Z? K  nti>n: 


Map  reproduced  from  Literary  Digest  showing  62  new  trade  routes  established  by  the  United  States  Shipping  Board 

since  the  armistice,  of  which  only  one  is  from  a  Pacific  Port 


October    19  19 


227 


view  of  the  fact  that  the  Japanese  are 
already  very  favorably  disposed  to- 
ward Canada  and  Canadians,  such  an 
undertaking,  if  properly  handled, 
could  do  much  to  improve  trade  be- 
tween the  two  countries. 

Conditions     in      China 
Are  Rapidly  Improving 

Speaking  of  China,  Mr.  Wilson  said 
that  although  financial  conditions  are 
still  more  or  less  chaotic,  matters  are 
mending  rapidly.  Americans  had,  he 
believed,  no  conception  of  the  extra- 
ordinary commercial  and  industrial 
possibilities  of  the  country;  and  be- 
cause of  these,  and  of  the  fact  that 
the  Chinese  are  capable  and  adaptable 
people,  there  is  no  question  of  the 
eventual  recovery  of  the  country. 

China  possesses  enormous  areas  of 
undeveloped  minerals  of  every  de- 
scription, and  its  agricultural  re- 
sources are  limitless.  The  country 
suffers  from  lack  of  modern  transpor- 
tation facilities,  of  course,  there  being 


under  seven  thousand  miles  of  rail- 
road in  the  whole  of  China. 

But  the  one  great  hope  of  China  lies 
in  the  fact  that  the  number  of  edu- 
cated Chinamen  is  increasing  yearly. 
"These  wideawake  men  fully  realize 
the  possibilities  of  their  native  land 
and  are  making  vigorous  attempts  to 
rouse  their  more  apathetic  country- 
men," said  Mr.  Wilson.  "These  men 
are  intensely  patriotic  and  look  with 
dislike  upon  'spheres  of  influence'  and 
similar  devices  of  foreign  policy." 

Everything  possible  should  be  done 
by  Canadians  and  Americans  alike,  in 
Mr.  Wilson's  opinion,  to  win  the  con- 
fidence of  the  Chinese  business  men 
and  people.  The  distrust  of  the  preda- 
tory instincts  of  the  foreigner  which 
is  abroad  among  the  more  intelligent 
classes  in  China  must  be  removed  at 
all  costs.  This  can  be  done  best  by 
co-operating  with  the  Chinese,  helping 
them  with  their  financial  and  political 
problems,  frankly  and  freely,  until 
they  are  in  a  position  to  manage  with- 
out assistance  their  own  affairs. 


British  Traders 
Are  Wide  Awake 


By  J.  EDWARD  SEARS 

Vice-President  British  Manufacturers' 

Corporation  Limited 

HT^HERE  are  many  people  on  this 
■*-  continent  who  have  concluded 
that  the  British  manufacturer  (which 
term  includes  the  manufacturers  of 
the  self-governing  Dominions)  has 
been  put  to  sleep  or  bankrupted 
through  the  war,  never  to  wake  again. 

While  it  is  true  that  during  the  last 
three  or  four  years  Great  Britain  has 
had  to  retire  from  many  of  her  former 
profitable  trade  territories,  it  was  only 
because  she  was  fully  engaged  in 
carrying  on  the  fight  for  democracy, 
and  not  because  her  industries  have 
been  forced  through  trade  competition 
to  cease  their  endeavors  in  foreign 
lands. 

Outsiders  will  never  know  or  even 
commence  to  realize  the  enormous  bur- 
dens that  the  British  Empire  and  her 
industries  had  to  bear  during  the  last 
five  years.  Some  firms  have  had  to 
entirely  cease  their  production  of 
goods  required  by  a  peaceful  world 
and  devote  all  their  time,  energies  and 
lachinery  to  war  needs.  Conse- 
quently, people  outside  of  Great  Bri- 
tain have  almost  come  to  believe  that 
British  foreign  trade  was  on  the  de- 
cline, if  not  already  wiped  off  the  map. 

Such  is  not  the  case,  however.  The 
friends  of  Britain  need  not  fear  for 
her  laurels,  and  her  trade  rivals  will 
soon  commence  to  worry.  British 
manufacturers    are    wide    awake,    and 


1 


people  will  soon  find  British  peace  in- 
dustry rising  like  the  Phoenix  from 
the  fire,  with  renewed  vigor  and 
strength.  Prices  will  never  return  to 
what  they  were  before  the  war,  but 
now,  as  then,  quality  will  be  the  pre- 
dominant feature  of  British  goods. 

In  this  after-the-war  scramble  to  re- 
gain their  old  territories,  British  man- 
ufacturers are  resorting  to  many  de- 
vices— none  of  them  spectacular,  but 
most  of  them  efficient.  In  parts  of  the 
world,  Canada,  for  instance,  one  will 
have  noticed  the  advent  of  a  new  sell- 
ing agency— the  British  Manufactur- 
ers' Corporation  Limited.  Primarily, 
it  is  an  organization  to  foster  the  sale 
of,  and  sell,  British  products;  but  it 
is  unique  in  this,  it  does  not  confine 
itself  to  British  goods.  It  is  an  organ- 
ization, set  upon  its  feet  by  British 
firms  interested  in  engineering  prod- 
ucts, to  make  a  profit.  It  is  strictly 
business  from  the  word  "go."  Essen- 
tially it  cannot  sell  goods  in  competi- 
tion with  its  own  principals'  manufac- 
turers. In  that  regard  the  corpora- 
tion uses  every  endeavor  to  place  the 
goods  of  its  principals  in  every  mar- 
ket, and  push  their  sale  relentlessly. 

But  these  lines  are  limited  to  the 
goods  manufactured  by  about  twenty 
of  the  largest  engineering  firms  in  the 
"Old  Country"  and  Canada,  and  if, 
for  instance,  the  representatives  of  the 
corporation  in  their  endeavor  to  sell 
these  products,  find  a  sale  for  other 
engineering  products   not  handled  by 


their  principals,  they  are  authorized 
to  go  after  the  business  and  earn  an 
independent  profit  for  the  corporation. 
For  instance,  should  a  corporation 
salesman  in  Canada  run  across  an  in- 
quiry for  an  article  not  handled  by  the 
firm  exclusively,  he  will,  if  he  consid- 
ers it  worth  while,  immediately  get  in 
touch  with  the  corporation's  nearest 
office,  and  the  officials  there  will  leave 
no  stone  unturned  to  land  the  business. 

The  British  Manufacturers'  Corpora- 
tion Limited  controls  the  output  for 
Pacific  delivery  of  a  certain  number 
of  firms  manufacturing  iron  and  steel 
products  and  general  machinery.  Its 
organization  is  peculiar  in  that  it  may 
often  be  found  selling  machinery 
manufactured  in  the  United  States 
and  selling  it  not  only  in  Canada,  but 
in  all  countries  bordering  on  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  This  is  because  that  par- 
ticular class  of  machinery  is  demanded 
and  does  not  clash  with  any  manufac- 
tured by  the  principals  of  the  corpora- 
tion, which  first,  last,  and  all  the  time, 
must  pay  its  way  in  addition  to  selling 
the  goods  of  its  principals. 

The  corporation  is  still  seeking  new 
connections,  being  able  to  supply  all 
steel  and  iron  products,  and  most 
classes  of  machinery  at  a  moment's 
notice.  Enquiries  are  taken  care  of 
by  experts  in  the  exporting  game — 
most  of  them  engineers  who  not  only 
understand  the  details  of  machinery 
but  who  can  supervise  the  installation 
of  the  most  complicated  engineering 
project.  At  the  London  office  will  be 
found  three  engineers  of  mechanical, 
marine  and  civil  engineering  training 
respectively,  who  supervise  an  efficient 
staff. 

At  New  York  William  Turner  su- 
pervises the  interests  of  the  corpora- 
tion and  its  sales.  The  Vancouver 
office  looks  after  the  export  of  Canad- 
ian and  other  products  for  Pacific  de- 
livery and  is*  in  the  hands  of  the 
writer,  and  two  engineers  of  wide  and 
varied  experience  in  export  trade,  who 
not  only  know  how  to  build  or  select 
machinery,  but  see  that  it  is  properly 
packed  and  shipped.  The  president  of 
the  corporation  is  Michael  Stipelman, 
B.Sc,  M.I.,  M.E.,  who  resides  in  Lon- 
don, and  who  will  shortly  arrive  in 
America  on  an  inspection  tour. 

In  addition  to  acting  as  importers 
and  exporters,  the  corporation  under- 
takes the  purchase  or  inspection  of  any 
particular  engineering  product  wanted 
from  Canada,  the  United  States  or 
Great  Britain,  maintaining  a  qualified 
staff  for  that  purpose.  Enquiries  from 
countries  bordering  on  the  Pacific 
Ocean  are  taken  care  of  from  the 
Canadian  office  at  Vancouver,  from 
whence  they  are  forwarded,  if  neces- 
sary, to  the  other  offices.  By  capable 
and  prompt  attention  to  business,  the 
corporation  has  built  up  a  large  busi- 
ness and  hopes  to  still  further  extend 
its  operations. 


228 


Pan  Pacific 


Pacific  Markets  Big  Enough 


Here  Are  Ten  Leading  American  Ports 

Here  they  are  for  the  fiscal  year  to  June  30,  1919,  showing  New  Orleans  at 
the  top  next  to  New  York,  whose  trade  was  larger  than  that  of  all  other  ports 
combined.  In  total  exports  and  imports,  it  will  be  noted,  Seattle  was  fourth  and 
San  Francisco  sixth.  In  exports  Seattle  was  fourth  and  San  Francisco  ninth.  Here 
are  the  big  Ten  as  given  in  the  "Port  of  New  York  Annual": 


IKE  two  brothers  with  adjoining  shops  Canada  and  the 
■*~*  United  States  will  seek  the  trade  of  the  neighborhood 
in  friendly  rivalry.  They  will  buy  and  sell  in  the  same 
markets,  facing  the  same  conditions  and  solving  the  same 
problems.  Those  markets  are  big  enough  for  both  and  the 
participation  of  one  will  not  be  begrudged  by  the  other. 

The  world  looks  more  and  more  to  America,  using  the 
term  in  the  larger  sense,  for  necessities,  comforts  and  lux- 
uries of  life  and  what  may  not  be  supplied  south  of  an 
imaginary  boundary  may  be  furnished  north  of  that  line, 
and  vice  versa.  As  in  the  case  of  two  adjoining  shops  of 
similar  character  drawing  trade  to  that  locality,  so  the 
never-failing  ability  of  the  two  progressive  nations  of 
North  America  to  supply  the  wants  of  the  remainder  of 
mankind  will  constantly  widen  the  trade  channels  of  the 
world  to  the  con- 
tiguous shores  of 
Canada  and  the 
United  States.  One 
will  learn  through 
the  other's  experi- 
ences and  both 
will  profit  by  the 
juxtaposition. 

As  John  W. 
Dafoe,  editor  of 
the  Manitoba  Free 
Press,  so  aptly  ex- 
pressed it  before 
the  National  Edi- 
torial Association 
of  the  United 
States  in  an  ad- 
dress, of  which  ex- 
cerpts are  printed 
in  this  number  of  Pan  Pacific  magazine: 

"We  shall  be  friendly,  generous  rivals  in  a  noble  com- 
petition of  service.  We  shall  learn  from  one  another's  per- 
fections; we  shall  be  guided  by  one  another's  mistakes. 
We  shall  guard  our  common  and  sacred  inheritance  of 
democratic  civilization  from  enemies  without  and  from 
foes  within,  to  the  end  that  there  will  be  in  perpetuity  on 
this  happy,  fruitful  continent  sister  nations — alike  and  yet 
unlike. ' ' 

$      $      $ 

PACIFIC  TRADE  FOR  PACIFIC  PORTS 

IT  seems  reasonable  to  expect  that  the  bulk  of  Pacific 
exports  would  be  made  through  Pacific  ports.  So,  when 
the  records  show  that  the  bulk  of  United  States  exports 
to  trans-Pacific  destinations  are  not  sent  out  of  Pacific 
ports  but  are  shipped  from  Atlantic  ports  the  inference 


Imports 

New  Orleans    (New   Orleans) $134,673,861 

Philadelphia    (Philadelphia)    135,771,097 

Washington    (Seattle)    256,107,450 

Massachusetts    (Boston)    245,630,442 

San  Francisco    (San  Francisco) 212,558,354 

Michigan    (Detroit)    63,646,951 

Maryland   (Baltimore)   37,105,279 

Galveston    (Oalveston)    16,287,637 

Buffalo    (Buffalo)    100,082,855 


Total   outside   New  York $2,201,863,926 

New  York    (New  York) 1,433,504,899 


would  naturally  follow  that  there  is  "something  rotten  in 
Denmark. ' ' 

In  the  San  Francisco  Bulletin  recently  was  printed  a 
comparison  of  Pacific  exports  from  New  York  and  from 
San  Francisco,  which  has  caused  something  of  a  sensation. 
The  figures  were  for  the  month  of  July  last  contrasted 
with  July  a  year  ago.  These  indicated  that  San  Francisco 
was  rapidly  losing  her  Pacific  trade  to  New  York  and  the 
Bulletin  did  not  hesitate  to  say  so. 

In  deadly  parallel  columns  it  was  shown  that  while  San 
Francisco's  exports  to  Asiatic  ports  for  the  month  had 
dropped  precipitately  from  $10,976,240  to  $2,995,281,  New 
York  exports  to  Asia  had  bounded  from  $4,653,283  in  July 
1918  to  $16,416,357  in  July  1919.  To  Asia  and  Oceania 
combined  San  Francisco's  exports  had  fallen  from  $15,410,- 

742  to  $4,110,446 
while  New  York's 
exports  had  in- 
creased from  $11,- 
512,874  to  $23,- 
661,431. 

The  most  start- 
ling changes  were 
in  exports  to  the 
Philippines,  Brit- 
ish India  and 
Dutch  East  Indies, 
San  Francisco's 
shipments  of  $6,- 
332,173  in  July 
1918  being  slashed 
to  $319,417  in  July 
1919,  while  New 
York  shipments  to 
the  three  jumped 
from  a  meagre  $182,650  last  year  to  $12,752,883  this  year. 
San  Francisco  shipments  to  British  and  Dutch  East  Indies 
in  July  1919  were  completely  blanked,  while  exports  to  the 
Philippines  were  cut  from  $2,586,901  to  $319,417.  On  the 
other  hand  New  York,  which  in  July  1918  sent  no  goods 
to  the  Philippines,  in  July  1919  consigned  goods  to  the 
islands  worth  $3,731,031. 

Lack  of  ships  from  the  Pacific  Coast  and  additional 
routing  of  ships  from  the  Atlantic  Coast  caused  this  sensa- 
tional somersault  in  Pacific  business.  The  Bulletin  writer 
charged  favoritism  on  the  part  of  the  United  States  Ship- 
ping Board  to  Atlantic  and  gulf  ports,  backing  his  charge 
with  a  map  showing  62  new  trade  routes  established  by  the 
Shipping  Board  since  the  Armistice,  of  which  only  one  was 
out  of  a  Pacific  port.  This  publication  served  the  purpose 
of  calling  wide  attention  to  the  desperate  need  of  ships  on 
Pacific  routes  out  of  Pacific  ports  and  the  promise  has  been 


Exports 
$490,718,032 
488,812,868 
432,544,759 
265,741,159 
243,224,527 
364,463,306 
314,301,356 
311,093,804 
201,503,730 

$3,012,403,541 
3,204,992,419 


Total 
$625,391,893 
624,583,965 
588,652,209 
511,371,601 
445,782,881 
528,110,356 
351,406,635 
327,386,441 
301,586,585 

$4,205,272,566 
4,638,497,318 


October    19  10 


229 


>r  Canada  and  United  States 


HENNV   HOWARD 


forthcoming  from  Shipping  Board  representatives  that 
that  need  will   be  acceeded  to  as  promptly  as  possible. 

$      $      $ 
PROBLEMS  OF  THE  PACIFIC 

'  I  "M1E  most  potential  foreign  trade  convention  in  the 
A  history  of  America  is  less  than  eight  months  away. 
It  will  be  the  seventh  annual  assembly  of  the  National 
Foreign  Trade  Council  in 
San  Francisco  for  three 
days  beginning  May  20, 
1920.  It  will  be  the  first 
convention  of  the  kind 
ever  held  on  the  Pacific 
Coast,  and  the  general 
theme  for  discussion  will 
be  "Problems  of  the  Pa- 
cific." 

James  A.  Farrell,  pres- 
ident of  the  United  States 
Steel  Corporation,  is 
chairman  of  the  National 
Foreign  Trade  Council ; 
R.  H.  Patchin,  of  W.  R. 
Grace  &  Company,  New 
York,  is  treasurer,  and 
0.  K.  Davis,  of  New  York 
City,  is  secretary.  The 
council  embraces  sixty- 
nine  men,  representing 
the  leading  industrial, 
commercial  and  financial 
lines  of  America. 

Among  men  who  give 
time  and  thought  to  the 
problems  of  foreign  trade 
in  the  council  are  Frank 
Vanderlip,  former 
resident  of  the  National 
ity  Bank,  of  New  York ; 
mis  W.  Hill,  chairman 
the  Great  Northern 
lilway ;  Samuel  P.  Colt, 
jresident  of  the  United 
tates  Rubber  Company ; 
Frederick        J.        Koster, 

president  of  the  California  Barrel  Company ;  Cyrus  II.  Mc- 
Cormick,  president  of  the  International  Harvester  Com- 
pany; Alba  B.  Johnson,  president  of  the  Baldwin  Locomo- 
itive  Works;  Willis  II.  Booth,  vice-president  of  the  Guar- 
anty Trust  Company,  and  P.  A.  S.  Franklin,  president  of 


will  be  in  charge  for  the  Pacific  Coast  of  the  convention  is 
composed  of  Frederick  J.  Koster,  chairman ;  Robert  Dollar, 
president  of  the  Robert  Dollar  Company,  and  J.  K.  Armsby, 
president  of  the  California  Packing  Corporation. 

At  the  last  convention  in  Chicago  there  was  an  attend- 
ance of  2,000,  the  largest  delegation  coming  from  New 
York  City  and  the  second  largest  from  San  Francisco.  With 
the  co-operation  of  industrial  interests  of  the  Pacific  Coast 

it  is  expected  the  forth- 
coming convention  will 
be  the  most  notable  in 
poinl  of  influence  and  at- 
tendance in  the  history  of 
the  council. 

The  conventions  usually 
consist  of  four  general 
sessions  at  which  papers 
treating  leading  phases 
of  foreign  trade  are  read 
by  leaders  in  their  respec- 
tive fields.  There  are  also 
group  sessions  at  which 
specific  problems  are  con- 
sidered by  experts.  No 
resolutions  are  adopted 
by  the  convention  but  a 
"final  declaration"  is  pre- 
pared embodying  briefly 
the  views  of  the  dele- 
gates. After  the  conven- 
tion, committees  are 
formed  to  carry  out  vari- 
ous recommendations 
made. 

Many  distinctive  fea- 
tures will  mark  the  San 
Francisco  convention.  A 
plan  is  proposed  by  which 
the  Pacific  Mail  Steam- 
ship Company  will  run 
three  steamers,  on  which 
delegates  will  be  accom- 
modated, from  widely  dif- 
ferent points  of  the  globe. 
One  is  expected  to  leave 
Calcutta  about  March  11, 
touching  at  Colombo  about  March  20,  at  Singapore  March 
29,  at  Saigon,  in  French  Indo  China,  April  4,  at  Manila, 
April  9,  and  reaching  San  Francisco  May  4.  Another  will 
leave  Hong  Kong  about  March  24,  touching  at  Shanghai 
March  27,  Kobe  March  30,  Yokohama  April  2,  Honolulu 
April  14  and  San  Francisco  April  22. 


United  States  Shipping  Board 
recruiting    service 

CUSTOM    HOUK 

Boston.  Mass. 


13th  September,  1919. 


Mr.  John  H.   Gerrle, 
Editor,  Pan  Pacific, 
618  Mission  Street, 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 

My  dear  Mr.  Gerrle: 

I  have  just  had  a  chance  to 
read  your  September  issue  during  a  trip  from 
Washington  to  Boston,  and  am  very  much  impressed 
with  the  paper.   It  is  by  long  odds  the  best 
publication  of  the  kind  I  have  ever  seen. 

I  wish  it  were  possible  to  have  the  magazine 
placed  In  the  hands  of  wide-awake  business  men 
the  country  over,  for  surely  no  one  who  is  sin- 
cerely Interested  in  the  development  of  American 
trade  can  read  the  paper  without  being  impressed 
by  the  value  of  the  information  contained  therein 

With  kind  regards  and  the  hope  that  the 
public  generally  will  appreciate  the  excellent 
work  you  are  doing,  I  am 


Very  cordially  yours, 


INH/ETB. 


230 


Pan  Pacific 


Some  Products  Of  The  Pacific 

Cultivation  of  Sugar,  Rubber,  Cocoa  and   Cotton  on  the  Islands  of  the  Ocean  Con- 
sidered  From   British   Point   of  View 


TTlTHERTO,  with  unimportant  ex- 
•*•  -*■  ceptions,  the  cultivation  of  sugar 
in  the  Pacific  Islands  has  been  con- 
fined to  Fiji.  Vast  estates,  owned  by 
wealthy  companies,  and  private  farms 
take  up  a  very  extensive  area  of  these 
lands. 

The  Colonial  Sugar  Refining  Com- 
pany, an  exceedingly  enterprising 
Australian  concern,  has  invested 
nearly  $20,000,000  in  the  cultivation 
of  sugar  in  Fiji.  The  industry  has 
prospered  with  the  aid  of  indentured 
Indian  coolies,  who  are  exclusively 
employed  in  this  industry.  All  the 
smaller  farms  are  owned  by  Indians; 
indeed,  it  is  a  remarkable  fact  that 
coolies,  after  their  periods  of.  inden-' 
ture  are  ended,  prefer  to  remain  in 
Fiji  rather  than  to  return  to  India, 
and  invariably  take  up  the  cultivation 
of  sugar. 

Natives   Grow  Sugar 
In     Small     Gardens 

The  natives  of  most  of  the  South 
Pacific  islands  grow  sugar  in  their 
small  gardens,  but  just  in  sufficient 
quantities  for  their  own  needs.  This 
has  led  to  a  thorough  examination  of 
the  islands'  soils  by  experts,  and  their 
reports  testify  that  Papua  (British 
New  Guinea),  German  New  Guinea, 
the  Bismarck  Archipelago,  and  the 
British  and  German  Solomons  are  emi- 
nently suitable  for  sugar  cane  cultiva- 
tion, provided  suitable  and  sufficient 
coolie  labor  can  be  obtained. 

For  instance,  the  whole  of  the  south- 
eastern portion  of  Papua  is  ideal  coun- 
try for  sugar  cultivation.  It  is  admit- 
ted that  cultivation  could  begin  at 
once  over  a  very  wide  area  with  the 
Papuan  labor  available  but  remaining 
idle.  Papua  has  an  indigenous  sugar 
cane,  remarkable  for  its  wide  distri- 
bution and  the  immense  number  of  its 
varieties.  This  cane  is  found  in  all 
the  native  gardens  from  the  coast  to 
the  high  mountains  of  the  interior,  and 
has  so  many  excellent  qualities  that  it 
is  the  only  cane  now  grown  in  the  ex- 
tensive sugar  fields  of  Queensland. 
Rubber  Prospects 
Are  Also  Excellent 

At  one  time;  twenty  years  ago  or 
even  less,  the  South  Pacific  Islands 
were  thought  so  promising  for  the  cul- 
tivation of  rubber  that  plantations 
sprang  up  in  hundreds,  and  the  great- 
est hopes  were  indulged  that  these 
islands  would  rival  Malaya  in  produc- 
tion and  quality.  The  Germans  were 
especially  keen  in  rubber  cultivation, 
but  the  sudden  rise  in  demand  for  and 
value  of  copra  (coconut)  led  to  rubber 


(By    a   London    Times    Correspondent 
on  the  Pacific) 


plantations  being  uprooted  to  give 
way  to  the  cheaper  production  and 
quicker  returns  of  the  coconut.  For 
some  time  there  was  a  very  decided 
slump  in  rubber,  but  wise  planters, 
certainly  very  few  in  number,  main- 
tained their  plantations,  and  today 
they  are  being  commended  for  their 
wisdom  and  foresight. 

In  Papua,  British  enterprise  has 
been  rewarded  with  splendidly  prolific 
rubber  seasons,  and  many  thousands 
of  tons  are  sent  annually  to  the 
world's  markets,  always  commanding 
top  prices.  The  Papuan  native  is  the 
deftest  and  neatest  of  tree  tappers, 
and  this  fact  doubles  the  life  and  com- 
mercial value  of  every  tree  in  the  rub- 
ber estates  of  Papua.  In  the  German 
Solomons — less  known  than  most  other 
parts  of  the  Pacific — there  are  many 
very  fine  rubber  plantations,  and 
world's  markets  will  very  soon  be  of- 
fered large  quantities  of  excellent 
quality  rubber  from  these  islands. 

British  enterprise  a  few  years  back 
made  a  bold  effort  in  rubber  cultiva- 
tion in  the  British  Solomons,  when 
15,000  acres  were  cleared  for  the  pur- 
pose, but  the  scarcity  of  labor  and  its 
cost,  not  so  much  in  wages  as  in  re- 
cruiting, was  prohibitive,  and  the 
British  Solomons  are  not  yet  to  be  in- 
cluded in  the  list  of  rubber  countries 
of  the  Pacific. 

Cultivation  of  Cocoa 
Is  Most   Satisfactory 

The  cultivation  of  cocoa  has  gone  on 
apace  in  recent  years,  and  in  a  very 
satisfactory  manner.  Indeed,  its  cul- 
tivation in  German  New  Guinea  has 
been  so  successful,  though  limited  in 
extent,  that  it  is  likely  in  ten  years' 
time  that  the  quantity  exported  from 
this  region  will  be  second  only  in  im- 
portance to  the  exports  of  copra. 

The  French,  in  the  New  Hebrides, 
have  recently  started  numerous  young 
cocoa  plantations  with  the  brightest 
prospects.  In  1914  these  plantations, 
meeting  with  many  difficulties,  due  to 
inexperience  and  lack  of  labor,  did  not 
produce  100  tons.  In  1917  the  pro- 
duction was  over  1,000  tons,  of  the 
value  of  over  £60,000.  This  indicates 
the  prospects  of  cocoa  cultivation  in 
the  French-owned  islands. 

In  Samoa  the  cocoa  grown  is  of 
first-class  quality.  For  years  the  isl- 
ands have  been  sending  annuallv  about 
1,000  tons  (worth  £70,000)  to  the  Lon- 
don market  alone.  Practically  every 
island  in  the  South  Pacific  can  grow 


cocoa,  but  there  are  some — those  lying 
nearest  to  the  Equator  and  possessing 
rich  volcanic  soil,  an  equable  climate, 
and  ample  rainfall,  like  Samoa  and 
German  New  Guinea — which  have  a 
distinct  advantage.  A  crop  can  be  ob- 
tained in  four  years,  and  the  normal 
life  of  trees  unaffected  by  accident  or 
disease  ranges  from  30  to  40  years. 
Most  Promising  Field 
For     Growing     Cotton 

There  is  no  more  promising  field  for 
the  cultivation  of  cotton  than  the  isl- 
ands of  the  South  Pacific.  Some  years 
back  a  British  company  in  Papua 
made  an  attempt  to  cultivate  cotton 
on  a  fairly  extensive  scale.  The  ex- 
penses of  clearing  and  planting  were 
not  high,  and  the  work  was  success- 
fully carried  out.  For  a  time  there 
was  the  promise  of  good  results,  but 
the  ordinances  regulating  the  employ- 
ment of  native  labor  became  so  numer- 
ous, so  severe,  and  so  hampering  to 
enterprise  that  the  experiment  proved 
an  expensive  failure,  and  has  not  been 
repeated. 

The  French,  however,  in  their  isl- 
ands of  New  Caledonia  and  in  the 
New  Hebrides,  have  flourishing  fields, 
and  the  industry  promises  to  attain 
important  dimensions.  The  war  was 
a  severe  blow  to  these  enterprises,  but, 
prior  to  that,  the  progress  made  can 
be  estimated  by  these  figures:  In  1912 
the  value  exported  was  less  than  $200, 
today  it  is  more  than  $100,000.  The 
plant  grows  well  even  in  the  poorest 
soil  of  these  islands.  In  good  soil 
and  under  experienced  management  it 
yields  abundantly. 

Japanese  enterprise  will  be  demon- 
strated in  the  Pacific  by  what  is  in- 
tended in  the  Carolines,  and  there  is 
not  the  least  doubt  that  Japan  intends 
to  secure  for  her  cotton  manufacturers 
regular  and  adequate  supplies  from 
these  islands,  for  which  she  now  holds 
a  mandate. 

There  is  an  opening  in  the  British - 
owned  islands  for  the  successful  culti- 
vation of  cotton  by  peasant  owners — 
that  is,  teaching  the  natives  to  under- 
take its  cultivation  in  their  home 
areas.  This  has  been  tried  in  Papua, 
and  if  encouraged  would  probably  be 
successful  not  only  in  Papua,  but  in 
German  New  Guinea  and  the  Solo- 
mons. 

One  thing  is  very  certain  in  the 
South  Pacific  islands.  Unless  a  very 
decided  change  comes  over  the  affairs 
of  the  British-owned  islands  they  will 
sink  in  commercial  importance  as  com- 
pared to  the  territories  owned  by  the 
Japanese  and  the  French. 


October    19  19 


231 


yhoywhd  **«» 


CHIEF    OF    BRITISH    OVERSEAS 
TRADE 

A  CANADIAN  has  been  selected  as 
■*-  *•  chief  of  British  overseas  trade. 
Thomas  Hamar  Greenwood,  a  native 
of   Whitby,    Ontario,    now    Sir   Hamar 


SIR   HAMAR   GREENWOOD 

Greenwood,  Baronet,  of  the  British 
Government,  has  been  entrusted  with 
this  important  post  in  the  Lloyd 
George   cabinet. 

As  political  head  of  the  Imperial 
Department  of  Overseas  Trade,  Sir 
Hamar  has  been  appointed  additional 
Under-Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign 
Affairs  and  additional  Parliamentary 
Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Trade.  He 
lias  been  a  prominent  member  of  the 
British  House  of  Commons  for  tip- 
wards  of  ten  years  and  during  the 
Great  War  served  with  distinction 
both  in  the  field  and  in  the  War  De- 
partment  with    rank   as   Colonel. 

Sir  Hamar,  who  is  a  barrister-at- 
law  by  profession,  was  born  within 
thirty  miles  of  Toronto  just  fifty  years 
ago.  He  received  his  education  in  the 
Whitby  town  school  and  Collegiate  In- 
stitute and  in  the  University  of  Toron- 
to. He  began  his  career  as  a  country 
school  teacher  and  studied  law  both 
in  Toronto  and  London,  England. 

In  his  youth  he  was  prominent  in 
amateur  theatricals  and  it  was  a  ques- 
tion for  a  time  whether  he  would 
adopt  the  stage  or  the  law  as  a  pro- 
fession. A  naturally  fluent  speaker, 
he   was   conspicuous    on    the    lecture 


platform  both  in  Canada  and  Eng- 
land. 

Always  interested  in  the  broader 
aspects  of  international  trade,  Sir 
Hamar  in  recent  years  had  made  a 
particular  study  of  the  commercial  re- 
lationships between  the  United  King- 
dom and  the  Overseas  Dominions.  He 
has  been  a  frequent  visitor  to  both 
Canada  and  the  United  States  and  a 
few  years  ago  crossed  the  Dominion  to 
British  Columbia  for  a  study  of  con- 
ditions then  existing  on  the  Pacific. 

Sir  Hamar  brings  to  his  new  post 
a  fund  of  knowledge  concerning  the 
commerce  of  the  world,  an  aggressive- 
ness that  will  find  play  in  the  develop- 
ment of  new  trade  fields  and  a  broad- 
ness of  mind  that  will  ensure  the  per- 
manency of  new  commercial  activities 
that  lie  may  be  counted  upon  to  set 
in  motion. 


I 


R.  H.  CORBETT 

RETURNED    OFFICERS    IN   TRADE 

WIDE  attention  has  been  given  an 
article  in  a  recent  issue  of  Pan 
Pacific  under  the  caption  "Mobilize 
Our  Soldiers  for  Overseas  Commerce." 
The  suggestion  that  men  trained  for 
the  great  struggle  for  civilization  over- 
seas were  mostly  the  right  kind  of  men 
to  participate  in  the  other  great  strug- 
gle for  commercial  supremacy  over- 
seas has  met  with  general  approval. 

This  suggestion  already  is  in  prac- 
tice in  Vancouver,  where  five  returned 
officers,  who  had  been  overseas  with 


the  Canadian  corps,  have  organized 
the  Triangle  Company  of  Canada,  Lim- 
ited. Launched  in  April,  1919,  this 
company  is  now  representing,  as  sole 
sales  agents  in  British  Columbia,  sev- 
eral of  the  foremost  American  and 
Canadian  manufacturers  of  machinery 
and  tools,  paper  and  paper  products, 
special  machinery,  railway  equipment, 
and  electrical  supplies,  in  addition  to 
which  they  are  establishing  connec- 
tions as  brokers  for  imports  and  ex- 
ports. 

The  secretary  of  the  company,  R. 
H.  Corbett,  would  welcome  communica- 
tions from  the  Far  East,  with  a  view 
to  supplying  British  Columbian  prod- 
urts  for  those  markets,  and  of  making 
contracts  with  Oriental  exporters  of 
beans,  oils,  hemp,  teas  and  spices. 


BANKER  IN  FOREIGN  TRADE 

ROBERT  McKEE,  assistant  general 
manager  Vancouver  Milling  & 
Grain  Co.,  Ltd.,  is  in  charge  of  the 
foreign  business  of  the  company. 
Prior  to  joining  this  company  nine 
years  ago  Mr.  McKee  was  in  the  ser- 
vice of  the  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia,  and 
had  charge  of  the  bank's  foreign  ex- 
change department  at  Toronto. 

The  Vancouver  Milling  &  Grain  Co. 
is  well  established  as  importer  and 
exporter,  having  had  eight  years'  ex- 
perience, principally  with  Australasia, 
New  Zealand  and  the  Orient. 


ROBERT   McKEE 


232 


Pan  Pacific 


Siberian  Trade  Situation  Today 

Conditions  of  Transportation  and  of  Ruble   Exchange   Form   Key   to   the   Business 

Situation  That   Now   Is  Dominated   by  Japan 


r  I  "VHE    conditions    of    transportation 
■*-     and  of  ruble  exchange  form  the 
key  to  the  business  situation  in  eastern 
Siberia. 

The  transport  conditions  on  the 
Trans-Siberian  Railroad  seem  to  be  im- 
proving. The  average  daily  shipments 
from  Vladivostok  terminal  via  Man- 
churia in  June  amounted  to  about  600 
tons,  while  in  January  only  90  tons 
were  shipped  daily.  Tins  improvement 
is  due  mainly  to  the  natural  conditions 
of  weather,  to  the  coming  of  the  warm 
and  hot  season,  when  the  percentage 
of  disabled  locomotives  usually  de- 
creases. 

From  a  broader  point  of  view,  how- 
ever, the  service  of  the  Trans-Siberian 
Railroad  must  still  be  considered  as 
very  far  from  its  normal  efficiency. 
Under  the  Czar  and  Kerensky  Gov- 
ernment, and  even  under  the  Bolshevik 
rule,  tile  Trans-Siberian  Railroad  was 
operated  better  than  it  is  operated 
now,  after  six  months  work  of  the  In- 
terallied Railroad  Commission.;  as  for 
example:  In  1916  the  average  daily 
shipment  from  Vladivostok  terminal 
was  about  2,000  tons,  while  at  present 
the  average  daily  shipment  is  only 
about  600  tons.  Still  more  important 
is  the  fact  that  there  is  but  little  hope 
for  better  efficiency  in  the  near  future. 
Will  Take  Long  Time 
To  Get  Back  to  Normal 

It  A.  Oustrugoff,  Minister  of  Ways 
and  Communications  of  the  Kolchak 
Government,  has  recently  asserted  that 
it  will  take  an  indefinitely  long  time 
before  the  Trans-Siberian  Railroad 
will  have  resumed  the  carrying  of 
normal   traffic. 

Under  such  circumstances  one'  can- 
not expect  speedy  relief  for  the  freight 
congestion  in  Vladivostok.  The  con- 
servative Siberian  authorities  have  cal- 
culated that  it  would  take  about,  three 
and  a  half  years  to  rid  the  Vladvistok 
harbor  of  its  tremendous  stock  of 
goods,  provided  the  present  conditions 
of  transportation  do  not  become 
worse. 

The  ruble  exchange  situation  is  also 
discouraging.  The  rates  of  rubles  are 
steadily  going  down.  In  Vladivostok, 
in  the  month  of  April  of  this  year,  one 
dollar  bought  19  to  20  rubles.  Late  in 
July  this  rate  declined  to  45  rubles  per 
dollar.  There  were  some  days  when 
the  rate  of  exchange  went,  down  to  60 
rubles  and  even  in  some  private  tran- 
sactions to  80  rubles  per  dollar.  These 
rates  were  not  steady  but  subject  to 
frequent  fluctuation. 

There  are  many  causes  for  such  a 
decline  of  ruble  exchange,  apart  from 


By  B.  I.  OMELTCIIENKE 

American  Representative,  Russian- 
American  Committee  for  the  Far 
East  in  Vladivostok 
— o — 
purely  political  considerations. 

The  prohibition  of  the  importation 
of  rubles  by  France,  England,  and  the 
United  States  is  one  of  them.  It 
created  an  artificial  isolation  of  the 
Siberian  money  market,  depreciated 
the  Russian  currency,  established  two 
absolutely  different  rates  for  rubles; 
one,  within  the  above-named  countries; 
the  other,  in  Siberia.  The  latest  quo- 
tation of  rubles  in  Vladivostok  was 
about  $1.25  per  100,  while  in  New 
York  it  was  quoted  as  $6.20  to  $6M() 
per  100  rubles. 

The  wrong  financial  policy  of  the 
Kolchak  Government  also  contributed 
a  great  deal  toward  the  decline  of 
rubles.  The  Bank  of  State  undertook 
such  measures  as  could  be  successful 
only  under  a  very  strong  and  settled 
government.  Siberia  had  three  main 
types  of  paper  currency:  Czar  rubles, 
Kerensky  rubles,  and  Siberian  rubles. 
The  Czar  and  part  of  the  Kerensky 
bank  notes  were  recognized  in  the  for- 
eign markets,  but  Siberian  rubles  were 
not.  They  were  circulated  only  in  Si- 
beria and  with  a  large  discount,  when 
compared  with  Czar  and  Kerensky 
currency. 

The  Ministry  of  Finance  of  the 
Omsk  Government  undertook  the  re- 
demption of  the  Kerensky  rubles  of 
small  denominations,  and  carried  on 
this  measure  on  conditions  which  were 
practically  equivalent  to  the  confisca- 
tion of  Kerensky  currency  from  the 
holders.  As  a  result  of  this  reform 
confidence  in  Kerensky  currency  was 
lost,  the  Kerensky  bank  notes  declined 
and  the  Czar  rubles  went  down  in  sym- 
pathy, not  only  in  Siberia,  but  in  all 
markets. 

Decline  In  Exchange 
Raises    Import    Costs 

The  effect  of  such  a  declining  rate 
of  exchange  upon  importation  cannot 
be  underestimated.  On  July  29  of  this 
year,  one  of  the  Vladivostok  newspa- 
pers was  being  sold  at  newsstands  at 
0.71  ruble  per  copy,  and  on  July  30, 
the  very  next  day,  the  price  was  raised 
to  2.00  rubles  per  copy,  which  means 
an  increase  of  166  per  cent.  The  pub- 
lisher explained  this  raising  of  the 
price  by  the  sudden  increase  in  the 
cost  of  Japanese  paper.  The  import- 
ers of  other  goods  are  in  the  same 
position;  they  are  forced  to  raise  the 
prices  almost  100  per  cent  within  a 
short  time.     That   is  in    the    country 


which  is  under  martial  law,  and  where 
capital  punishment  for  speculation  has 
been  established. 

The  congestion  of  the  main  termi- 
nal, the  traffic  difficulties  and  the  de- 
cline of  rubles  make  the  commercial 
expansion  in  Siberia  hardly  to  be  ex- 
pected. Nevertheless,  the  fact  is  that 
very  large  foreign  commerce  has  re- 
cently developed  through  Vladivostok ; 
larger  than  one  usually  imagines  in 
America.  The  great  economic  forces 
of  Siberia  are  continuing  to  work  out, 
their  own  means  of  attracting  foreign 
goods  and  of  exporting  Russian  mer- 
chandise, regardless  of  many  embar- 
rassments. 

According  to  recently  published  fig- 
ures, importation  to  eastern  Siberia  is 
now  carried  on  on  a  larger  scale  than 
in  1914,  when  the  influence  of  war  was 
felt  in  the  Vladivostok  harbor.  During 
the  first  quarter  of  1919  about  90,000 
tons  of  different  goods  were  imported  ; 
the  main  articles  were  sugar,  railroad 
equipment,  coal,  textiles,  lubricating 
oils,  foodstuffs,  shoes  and  leather,  fresh 
fruits,  paper  and  paper  goods,  metal 
manufactures,  chemicals,  machinery 
and  agricultural  implements  and  li- 
quors. 

Principal  Export  Articles 
Not    All    Raw    Materials 

Still  more  interesting  is  the  quite 
considerable  export  from  Siberia.  Dur- 
ing the  first  quarter  of  this  year  Vlad- 
ivostok shipped  about  40,000  tons  of 
different  materials  for  export,  partly 
of  Siberian  origin,  partly  of  Manchur- 
ian  origin,  and  partly  from  the  stores 
and  warehouses  in  Vladivostok.  The 
chief  export  articles  were  lumber, 
chemicals,  beans,  fish,  oil  cakes,  fer- 
tilizers, linseed,  raw  materials,  furs 
and  butter. 

Among  different  countries  benefiting 
by  the  revival  of  foreign  trade  in  the 
Russian  Far  East,  Japan  takes  first 
place.  She  controls  82  per  cent  of  the 
total  export  from  Vladivostok  and  44 
per  cent  of  the  total  import.  Germany 
never  had  such  commercial  domination 
in  Russia  as  Japan  has  at  the  present 
time  in  eastern  Siberia.  The  American 
influence  is  of  secondary  importance. 
The  United  States  controls  about  5  per 
cent  of  the  total  export  from  Vladi- 
vostok and  about  27  per  cent  of  the 
total  import.  Even  in  such  purely 
American  specialties  as  lubricating 
oils,  metal  manufactures,  shoes,  leather 
and  textiles,  Japan  is  ahead  of  the 
United  States  as  far  is  importation  to 
Siberia   is  concerned. 

This  Japanese  domination  may  be 
explained  not  only  by   their  political 


October    19  19 


233 


Big  Projects  In  Latin- America 

Greatest  Opportunities  of  the  Time  For  Industrial  and  Financial  Titans  in  Develop- 
ments  Planned   For  the  South 


WHEN  the  world  settles  down  to 
business  after  the  war  is  finally 
out  of  the  way  South  America  is  going 
to  offer  opportunities  to  young  men 
of  big  vision  such  as  seldom  has  been 
afforded  to  empire  builders  in  all  his- 
tory. The  stage  is  set.  The  Panama 
Canal  puts  Pacific  ports  closer  to  the 
headwaters  of  the  Amazon  than  Lon- 
don is  to  the  source  of  the  Nile. 

Brazil's  attitude  toward  the  United 
States  in  the  war  has  opened  a  friendly 
way  to  co-operation  in  her  develop- 
ment of  inestimable  value.  The  Colum- 
bian treaty  will  be  ratified  and  that 
ulcer  healed.  The  new  regime  in  Peru 
spells  progress.  The  nightmare  of 
German  imperial  designs  has  vanished 
before  the  dawning  of  a  new  era  of 
political  stability  for  men  and  nations. 
Business  men  can  invest  now  without 
fear  that  its  investments  will  be  swept 
away  by  the  torrent  of  conquest  or 
spoliation.  International  agreements 
are  pending  which  will  end  the  reign 
of  revolution  and  riot  in  Latin  Amer- 
ica. 

International     Projects 
Need  International  Men 

There  are  four  big  things  to  be  done 
in  South  America.  I  mean  "big"  in 
the  sense  requiring  men  like  Rhodes, 
Morgan,  Harriman  and  Hill  to  carry 
them  out  in  the  first  category  of  mag- 
nitude. These  are  the  Buena  Ventura- 
Buenos  Ayres  Railroad  diagonally 
across  the  continent;  the  opening  of 
the  eastern  slope  of  the  Andes  to  white 
colonization  and  settlement,  the  proper 
sanitation  of  the  tropical  ports  and 
centres  of  the  continent  and  the  de- 
velopment of  aerial  transportation. 

A  volume  could  be  written  about 
each  of  these,  but  none  of  them  can 
be  carried  out  without  big  men  phis 
big  money.  Of  these  the  men  are  the 
more  important. 

Some  of  these  men  are  being  de- 
veloped in  South  America  now,  but 
they  are  necessarily  limited  to  national 
ines  in  each  country,  while  the  largest 


By  S.  P.  VERNER 

o 

problems  are  international  in  their 
scope  and  it  is  extremely  difficult  for 
a  citizen  of  one  republic  to  exercise 
a  determining  influence  outside  of  his 
own  country.  This  is  why  there  is  a 
demand  for  leaders  in  co-ordinating 
these  international  undertakings  from 
the  outside. 

For  example,  the  man  who  will  put 
through  the  Buenaventura-Buenos 
Ayres  Railroad  must  at  least  be  per- 
sona grata  to  Colombia,  Brazil  and 
Argentina,  while  it  would  be  desirable 
for  him  to  enjoy  the  condence  of 
Ecuador,  Peru,  Bolivia,  Paraguay  and 
Uruguay  also.  This  means  .a  harder 
task  than  Cecil  Rhodes  had,  since  he 
was  limited  to  reconciling  only  two 
nationalities  to  enable  the  Cape  to 
Cairo  scheme  to  go  through — the  Boers 
and  the  Belgians — but  it  is  not  an  im- 
possible one.  Gen.  Gorgas,  for  exam- 
ple, has  done  this  very  thing  in  his 
own  field,  obtaining  effective  co-opera- 
tion from  practically  every  Central 
American  country  and  those  of  north- 
ern and  western  South  America. 

A  Gorgas  in  the  industrial  field  is 
in  demand.  Gen.  Goethals  might  have 
filled  the  bill  but  for  the  fact  that  the 
war  took  the  years  he  might  have 
spent  in  other  engineering  enterprises 
south  of  Panama,  and  now  both  of 
these  veterans  of  Latitude  Nine  are 
close  to  the  limit  of  most  men's  retire- 
ment. They  at  least  are  an  inspira- 
tion to  those  who  must  come  after 
them  to  take  up  the  big  jobs  still 
ahead. 

Billion  Dollar  Enterprise 
To  Build  Single  Railway 

The  big  railway  will  cost  $100,000,- 
000  more  than  the  canal  did.  The 
opening  of  the  upper  Amazon  would 
follow  this  road  and  would  require  a 
total  expenditure  of  about  $1,000,000,- 
000  to  make  it  effective  so  that  it 
would  be  fully  self-supporting  and  a 
part  of  the  productive  assets  of  the 
world. 


The  sanitation  of  these  two  enter- 
prises would  cost  the  first  about  $20,- 
000,000,  the  second  $50,000,000,  while 
the  permanent  clean-up  of  existing 
insanitary  ports  and  centres  will  re- 
quire a  total  capital  outlay  of  about 
$150,000,000,  and  an  annual  budget  for 
maintenance  of  about  $10,000,000,  rep- 
resenting a  capital  necessary  to  pro- 
duce that  income  of  $200,000,000. 

To  get  aviation  well  under  way,  so 
as  to  realize  a  weekly  hydroplane  ser- 
vice over  the  Amazon,  the  Orinoco,  the 
Magdalena  and  the  La  Plata  rivers 
and  their  main  tributaries,  without  in- 
cluding dirigibles  and  airplanes  for 
land  service,  an  initial  capital  for  the 
whole  continent  of  at  least  $300,000,- 
000  would  be  required. 

Would  Open  New  Era 
For      South      America 

Thus  there  is  needed  for  the  co- 
ordination of  the  big  international  en- 
terprises in  South  America  in  this  gen- 
eration about  $2,000,000,000  in  all- 
less  than  half  of  the  Victory  Loan. 
The  resources  which  might  be  pledged 
to  support  this  outlay  are  potentially 
enormously  in  excess  of  this  sum. 
South  America  can  pay  for  it  all. 
What  is  needed  is  the  men  to  inspire 
confidence  that  the  resources  may  be 
made  to  yield  the  return. 

Those  two  billions  will  do  more  than 
any  similar  sum  yet  invested.  They 
would  help  to  pay  off  the  mortgages 
on  the  nations,  to  wipe  out  the  terrible 
indebtedness  which  we  are  passing  on 
to  the  shoulders  of  posterity,  to  open 
up  homes  to  the  homeless,  to  afford 
raw  materials  for  the  laboring  millions 
of  Europe,  America  and  Asia,  and  to 
make  the  century  which  opened  in 
blood  witness  before  it  is  half  grown 
the  fruition  which  alone  can  justify 
the  sacrifices  on  the  altar  of  freedom 
poured  out  by  the  nations  for  the  last 
five  years. 

Invest  a  twentieth  of  the  cost  of  the 
war  wisely  in  South  America  and  that 
cost  will  be  written  off  the  books  in 
one  generation. 


Japan  is  Dominating  Factor  in  Siberian  Trade 


and  military  influence  in  the  Russian 
Par  East,  but  also  by  the  better  finan- 
cial facilities  which  Japanese  mer- 
chants give  to  Siberian  buyers.  Japa- 
nese facilities  usually  include  credit  on 
shipment  or  payment  against  delivery 
of  goods  to  Siberia,  while  the  usual 
American  custom  is  payment  against 
shipping     documents     in     the     United 


States.  Among  the  allied  countries 
Japan  seems  to  be  the  only  one  whicli 
did  not  prohibit  the  importation  of 
Russian  rubles.  She  therefore  became 
the  main  intermediary  in  all  exchange 
transactions  with  Siberia. 

The  United  States  takes  but  a  small 
part  in  Siberian  trade.  She  can  ex- 
pand her  commerce  in  the  Russian  Far 


East  even  under  present  difficulties. 
In  order  to  do  so  she  must  offer  to  the 
Siberian  buyers  the  same  credit  facili- 
ties as  are  given  them  by  the  Japanese 
and  British.  Due  to  the  decline  of  the 
Russian  ruble  the  exportation  of  Rus- 
sian goods  from  Siberia  became  par- 
ticularly profitable. 


2J4 


Pan  Pacific 


Riches  Await  Seekers  In  Panama 

Great  Natural  Resources  Are  There,  But    So  Far  No  Development,  No  Production 

and   No   Manufacturing    Has   Been   Undertaken 


UP  to  the  present  time  it  may  be 
said  that  the  wealth  of  Panama 
has  come  as  a  result  of  its  geograph- 
ical position  rather  than  from  any  de- 
velopment of  its  natural  resources. 
One  of  the  principal  causes  assigned 
by  the  leaders  of  the  revolution  of 
November,  1903,  for  the  secession  of 
Panama  from  Colombia  was  that  the 
development  of  the  Department  of 
Panama  had  been  neglected,  that  noth- 
ing had  been  done  to  aid  in  this  re- 
spect by  the  home  Government  at 
Bogota,  but  that,  on  the  contrary, 
without  any  corresponding  benefits,  it 
had  been  burdened  by  heavy  taxes  for 
the   support  of  the   Government. 

11  is  not  my  purpose  to  enter  into 
the  merits  of  this  matter,  but  merely 
t<>  state  that  while  other  Central  and 
South  American  republics  had  made 
great  strides  in  developing  their  re- 
sources— for  example,  Cuba  with  her 
sugar  and  tobacco,  Colombia  with  her 
oil,  platinum,  agriculture,  cattle  and 
petroleum,  Chile  with  her  nitrate,  the 
Argentine  with  her  cattle,  hides,  etc. — 
the  natural  resources  of  Panama  have 
practically  remained  untouched  and, 
as  stated,  her  wealth  has  heretofore 
come  almost  exclusively  by  reason  of 
her  geographical  position. 

During  the  gold  fever  of  1848  many 
of  the  gold  seekers  took  this  route  for 
California,  and  of  course  they  were 
lavish  spenders.  For  more  than  a  cen- 
tury prior  to  this  time  it  had  been  the 
gateway  for  the  passage  of  the  fab- 
ulous wealth  of  Peru  to  Europe. 
Tourists  Help  Country 
With  Temporary   Wealth 

Again  a  golden  stream  poured  into 
Panama  during  the  period  of  the 
French  construction  of  the  canal,  and 
still  again  when  our  Government  un- 
dertook this  colossal  work  in  1904. 
Hundreds  of  tourists  arriving  every 
week  during  the  period  of  construc- 
tion brought  so  much  money  into  the 
country  that  it  was  not  found  neces- 
sary to  develop  and  produce  anything 
for  their  own  use,  much  less  for  the 
purpose  of  selling  to  other  countries, 
but  practically  everything,  even  the 
simplest  necessities  of  life,  was  pur- 
chased from  abroad. 

As  a  natural  consequence  there  has 
been  no  production,  no  manufacturing 
and  practically  no  development  of  ag- 
ricultural or  other  resources. 

The  time  has  arrived,  however,  as 
all  of  its  best  informed  citizens  realize, 
when  Panama  must  take  her  place 
among  other  Latin  American  nations 
as  an  actual  producing  country;  other- 


By  WILLIAM  H.  JACKSON 
Formerly  Judge  of  the  United  States 
District  Court  in  Panama 
— o — 
wise  she  will  not  long  exist  as  an  in- 
dependent republic.  And,  moreover, 
she  offers  great  attractions  for  the  in- 
vestment of  American  capital.  The  re- 
sources are  there  and  capitalists  will 
be  welcomed  and  fairly  and  generous- 
ly treated  by  the  Panama  Government 
and  the  people,  who,  I  must  say,  are 
a  cultured,  generous,  warm  hearted 
people,  eminently  fair  in  their  dealings 
with  foreigners  and  especially  with 
Americans. 

No  Revolt  to  Be  Feared 
From  People  of  Panama 
As  a  further  inducement  to  the  in- 
vestment of  capital  in  manufacturing 
and  agricultural  enterprises  and  in 
hanking  institutions,  it  may  be  added 
that  Panama  offers  an  exceptional  se- 
curity by  reason  of  the  fact  that  the 
treaty  between  that  country  and  the 
United  States  expressly  gives  to  the 
latter  the  right  to  intervene  for  the 
purpose  of  securing  a  stable  constitu- 
tional republican  form  of  government. 
So  that  there  need  be  no  fear  of  rev- 
olutions or  political  uprising  such  as 
tend  so  much  to  deter  the  investment 
of  capital  in  some  other  countries. 

Panama  is  rich  in  timber  lands  of  all 
kinds,  including  mahogany  and  a  cer- 
tain native  timber  which  is  the  heav- 
iest and  most  durable  I  have  known. 
Much  of  this  growing  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  canal  has  an  easy  access  to  the 
seaboard.  It  offers  exceptional  advan- 
tages over  all  kinds  of  agriculture 
where  the  climate  and  the  frequent 
rains  would  require  a  minimum 
amount  of  labor. 

Sugar  cane  is  easily  produced,  and 
before  the  days  of  prohibition  the 
manufacture  of  native  rum  was  a 
profitable  business.  For  cattle  raising 
and  the  growing  of  all  kinds  of  vege- 
tables and  tropical  fruits  it  is  equally 
advantageous,  likewise  with  a  very 
small  amount  of  labor.  Its  resources 
in  minerals  and  oil  have  never  been 
touched,  but  it  is  believed  they  exist 
and  can  be  found  and  developed. 
Labor  Question  Solved 
By  Building  of  Canal 
Native  labor  is  very  cheap,  but,  as 
might  be  expected,  careless  and  in- 
dolent. This  seems  natural  in  warm 
countries,  where  nature  is  most  prod- 
igal and  where  but  little  effort  is  re- 
quired to  gain  sufficient  for  the  very 
simple  wants  of  the  working  classes. 
But  if  necessary  foreign  labor  can  be 
brought  in  for  individual  enterprises, 


just  as  it  was  for  the  construction  of 
the  canal. 

The  only  obstacle  that  occurs  to  me 
may  be  the  possible  uncertainties  or 
inconveniences  in  the  acquisition  and 
improvement  of  lands.  As  is  well 
known,  all  private  property  within  the 
ten  mile  strip  of  the  canal  was  de- 
clared necessary  for  canal  purposes 
by  an  executive  order  of  President 
Taft.  This  was  considered  important 
for  military  purposes,  but  at  the  same 
time  the  passing  of  this  property  to 
the  Government  prevented  the  possi- 
bility of  the  building  of  privately 
owned  manufacturing  plants  and  large 
warehouses  along  the  canal  strip, 
which  undoubtedly  would  have  sprung 
up  for  the  purpose  of  supplying  ships 
passing  through  the  Canal. 

If  concessions  could  be  obtained 
from  the  Government  for  this  purpose 
it  would  furnish  splendid  opportunities 
for  manufacturing,  warehouses  and 
possibly  ship  repairing  enterprises. 
U.  S.  Government  Option 
On    All    Land    Necessary 

Outside  of  the  ten  mile  canal  strip 
and  within  the  .Republic  of  Panama 
proper  some  uncertainty  and  hesita- 
tion has  existed  in  the  acquisition  of 
lands  and  their  improvement  by  reason 
of  the  provisions  of  the  canal  treaty, 
which  provides  in  effect  that  the 
United  States  may  at  any  time  appro- 
priate any  lands  it  deems  necessary 
or  convenient  for  canal  purposes,  pay- 
ing therefor  the  value  of  such  lands 
as  of  the  time  of  the  treaty  in  1903. 

While  it  has  been  suggested  that  the 
future  application  of  this  principle  to 
lands  in  the  interior,  remote  from  the 
canal,  would  serve  as  a  serious  deter- 
rent to  their  purchase  and  improve- 
ment and  the  consequenet  development 
of  the  country,  1  am  of  the  opinion 
that  this  apparent  objection  might  be 
overcome  by  an  understanding  or 
agreement  with  the  Government  of  the 
Panama  Canal  so  that  purchasers 
might  know  in  advance  either  that 
their  lands  would  not  be  demanded  by 
the  Government  or  that  a  fixed  price 
might  be  agreed  upon  in  the  event  of 
such  contingency. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  provisions 
of  the  treaty  giving  the  Government 
the  right  to  appropriate  on  the  basis 
of  1903  values  do  not  include  its  right 
to  acquire  property  by  private  agree- 
ment, which  has  often  been  done. 

1  look  for  a  brilliant  future  for 
Panama  when  its  resources  and  the 
opportunities  afforded  are, fully  under- 
stood and  appreciated  by  foreign 
capital. 


October     19  19 


Ti5 


The  Trade 

Situation 

In  Ceylon 


By  H.  M.  DIAS 

Staff  Correspondent  at  Colombo 
— o — 
T^HOUGH  the  Imperial  British  Gov- 
■*-  eminent  is  gradually  releasing 
the  steamers  she  had  requisitioned  we 
are  now  placed  in  a  very  awkward 
position  as  regards  our  shipments  to 
the  United  States  in  particular  and 
Rhirope  in  general,  owing  to  want  of 
freight  space. 

When  the  war  was  raging  in  Europe 
we  were  not  placed  iu  such  a  posi- 
tion, as  during  that  period  we  were 
only  allowed  to  ship  raw  material  for 
t  he  manufacture  of  munitions  and 
stipulated  quantities  of  articles  of  less 
importance  at  the  time,  and  the 
steamer  lines,  constituting  the  Colombo 
Homeward  Conference,  had  received 
instructions  from  the  Ministry  of  Ship- 
ping to  allot  space  primarily  for  raw 
material  needed  for  the  munition 
works  and  to  take  in  other  cargo  ac- 
cording to  the  accommodation  left  in 
each  steamer. 

Since  the  armistice  that  system  was 
dispensed  with  and  it  was  allowed 
steamer  agents  to  use  their  discretion 
in  booking  freight,  which  gave  room 
for  the  present  crisis. 

Cocoanut   Oil   and   Tea 
For  Home  Government 

hast  year  the  Imperial  British  Gov- 
ernment through  the  medium  of  the 
( 'eylon  Government  appointed  com- 
missioners in  this  country  to  buy 
cocoanut  oil  and  tea  for  the  home 
government,  and  the  shipments  of 
cocoanut  oil  were  completed  early  this 
year,  but  the  shipments  of  tea  are  not 
yet  completed,  though  the  control  in 
Kngland  has  almost  ceased. 

The  Tea  Commissioner  controls  all 
available  space  in  almost  every  steamer 
that  enters  the  port  bound  for  the 
United  Kingdom,  and  the  civilians  are 
denied  space  in  such  steamers,  but  the 
freight  space  in  the  steamers  that  es- 
cape the  Tea  Commissioner  is  in  most 
cases  primarily  alloted  for  the  steamer 
agents'  cargo  and  what  remains  to 
their  European  friends,  and  thus  the 
native  shippers  are  deprived  of  space. 
All  the  steamer  agents  here  (except 
two)  are  shippers  themselves,  so  they 
are  always  trying  their  best  to  dis- 
courage new  shippers  and  native  ship- 
pers so  that  they  may  not  compete 
with  them. 

You  are  no  doubt  aware  that  native 
shippers  (sons  of  the  soil)  are  better 
fitted  in  other  respects  to  offer  local 


How  San  Francisco  Cuts  Distances  in  Half 

Though  San  Francisco  saves  half  the  distance  and  half  the  time  by  water  in 
United  States  shipments  to  transpacific  ports,  as  compared  with  New  York,  rail 
and  water  rates  on  some  commodities,  notably  on  steel  originating  in  the  Pittsburg 
district,  favor  New  York  as  against  San  Francisco.  This  table  shows  how  San 
Francisco   hints    New   York  on   water  distances  and  steaming  time: 

Miles  from      Sailing     Miles  from     Sailing  Miles  shorter     Days  less 
Port  San  Francisco     Days       New  York        Days       from  S.  F.     from  S.  F. 

Yokohama    4,536  15  9,699  32  5,163  17 

Vladivostok   4,570  15  9,850  33  5,280  18 

Shanghai    5,387  18  10,573  35  5,186  18 

Hong  Kong  6,306  21  11,605*  39  5,299  18 

Manila    6,221  21  11,364  38  5,143  17 

Singapore  7,353  25  10,154*  34  2,801  9 

Calcutta    8,999  30  9,816*  33  817  3 

Sydney    6,744  32  9,691  32  2,847  9 

*Via  Suez  Canal. 


II 


produce  to  oversea  buyers  at  cheaper 
rates  for  various  reasons,  but  these 
steamer  agents  use  their  influence  to 
hinder  same. 

As  is  well  known,  Ceylon  is  not  a 
manufacturing  country,  so  all  her  raw 
products  are  being  exported  to  for- 
eign countries  and  there  has  been  a 
great  demand  for  these  in  the  United 
Kingdom  and  the  European  countries, 
and  since  the  restrictions  over  exports 
to  some  of  these  countries  were  with- 
drawn, Europe  has  started  her  buying 
and  the  native  shippers  who  hold  large 
orders  for  the  United  Kingdom  from 
early  this  year  have  not  been  able  to 
complete  their  contracts. 

The  reason  for  all  this  is  that  the 
British  steamer  lines  have  lost  many 
of  their  vessels  during  the  war  and 
there  are  not  sufficient  steamers  on 
these  routes  to  carry  the  large  stocks 
now  awaiting  shipment.  The  few 
steamers  that  are  passing  through  this 
port  homeward  bound  arrive  here  with 
full  loads  of  cargo  from  the  Australian 
and  Eastern  ports. 

Steamers  returning  from  Australia 
load  at  all  the  Commonwealth  ports 
with  wheat  and  other  produce  and 
other  vessels  returning  from  the  Par 
East  load  at  Japanese  ports,  Shanghai, 
Hong  Kong,  Singapore,  Rangoon  and 
Calcutta,  and  when  they  arrive  here 
there  is  hardly  any  freight  available. 
If  Colombo  is  a  terminal  we  will  have 
sufficient  space,  and  as  such  is  not  the 
case  the  steamers  on  their  return  enter 
this  harbor  mostly  for  coaling  pur- 
poses and  consequently  only  a  limited 
space  is  available. 

Calls    on    Americans 
To     Help     Situation 

This  state  of  things  will  continue 
for  some  years  even  after  the  signing 
of  the  peace  treaty,  until  Great  Britain 
replaces  the  number  of  vessels  she  had 
in  these  waters  before  the  war,  and 
also  the  German,  Austrian  and  Dutch 
vessels. 

At  this  grave  moment  I  request  you 
Americans    do    not    lose    any    time    in 


helping  us,  as  no  other  nation  has 
sufficient  steamers  to  spare  at  this  mo- 
ment to  start  new  operations  in  this 
part  of  the  globe. 

There  is  nothing  lacking  in  you; 
you  have  the  money,  men  and  vessels 
and  the  latter  are  being,  built  contin- 
ually in  the  shipyards  of  the  U.  S.  A. 
And  what  else  is  required?  You  re- 
quire only  cargo  to  keep  going  your 
gigantic  mercantile  marine.  Here,  we 
in  the  Orient,  offer  you  this  cargo,  not 
only  for  the  American-Pacific  trade, 
but  also  for  European  trade. 

If  any  enterprising  firm  appreciates 
Hi  is,  they  should  open  their  own  offices 
in  Colombo  and  other  like  ports,  in- 
stead of  appointing  local  merchants  as 
agents  for  their  steamers,  and  make 
Colombo  a  terminal.  They  should  op- 
crate  on  two  routes,  if  they  wish  to 
secure  the  bulk  of  the  Pacific  and  Eu- 
ropean trade. 

One  route  should  be  Colombo-Ant- 
werp and  the  other  San  Francisco- 
Colombo  or  Seattle-Colombo.  Steamers 
leaving  Colombo  for  Europe  may  call 
at  Bombay,  Mediterranean  ports,  Mar- 
seilles, Barcelona,  United  Kingdom 
ports,  Antwerp  and  other  northern 
ports  and  take  the  same  route  when 
returning  to  Colombo.  Steamers  leav- 
ing San  Francisco  or  Seattle  may  call 
at  Japanese  ports,  Shanghai,  Hong 
Kong,  Singapore,  Calcutta  and  Colom- 
bo and  return  the  same  way. 

If  the  existing  American  steamship 
lines  are  not  willing  to  consider  this 
proposal  T  appeal  to  the  rest  of  the 
capitalists  in  the  United  States  of 
America  to  organize  new  companies 
altogether  for  the  purpose  of  taking 
up  this  trade  and  extend  to  us  their 
sympathies  and  keep  their  dollars  run- 
ning, thus  benefiting  themselves,  the 
American  and  European  consumers  as 
well  as  the  exporters  in  the  Orient  and 
the  whole  world  in  return. 

Trusting  that  this  proposal  will  be 
approved  by  the  large  circle  of  Amer- 
ican business  organizers. 


236 


Pan   Pacific 


Los  Angeles  As  Pan  Pacific  Center 


A  PAN  PACIFIC  trade  conference 
to  follow  the  adjournment  of  the 
National  Foreign  Trade  Convention  in 
San  Francisco  May  16,  1920,  is  planned 
by  the  Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce for  the  purpose  of  bringing  into 
personal  contact  leading  exporters  and 
importers,  commercial  organizations 
and  consular  and  trade  representatives 
of  Pan  Pacific  countries. 

Arrangements  for  this  initial  world 
gathering  of  its  kind  are  under  the 
direction  of  the  Foreign  Trade  De- 
partment of  the  Chamber.  Corre- 
spondence since  the  initial  action  indi- 
cates that  there  will  be  not  only  a 
clear  field  so  far  as  other  international 
gatherings  are  concerned,  but  that 
there  will  be  friendly  co-operation 
from  other  localities  and  organizations. 

While  plan's  are  largely  tentative, 
a  systematized  working  organization 
will  be  developed  and  an  active  cam- 
paign begun  to  make  the  gathering 
one  that  will  command  international 
interest  and  respect.  It  is  pointed  out 
that  the  time  will  be  peculiarly  advan- 
tageous, as  between  three  and  four 
thousand  American  exporters  and  im- 
porters will  be  on  the  west  coast  for 
the  express  purpose  of  considering  for- 
eign trade  relations. 

This  situation  is  expected  to  prove 
a  great  incentive  to  the  big  merchants 
of  China,  Japan,  the  South  Seas,  the 
Philippines,  Australasia,  Mexico,  the 
Central  Americas  and  the  countries 
down  the  west  coast  of  Mexico. 

As  a  further  inducement  for  foreign 
attendance,  it  has  been  suggested  that 
delegates  coming  from  abroad  be  per- 
mitted to  bring  a  limited  number  of 
samples  of  the  principal  products  of 
their  localities  for  display  in  a  central 
hall,  where  all  of  the  delegates  may 
i  view   them   and   obtain   information. 

Preliminary  announcements    of    the 
gathering  are  in  course  of  preparation 
by   the   Publicity    Bureau    for   circula- 
tion  in   all   the    countries   from    which 
delegates  will   be  invited. 
— o — 
Great   New   Industry 
For  Los  Angeles  Port 

T1IK  pressing  of  750  tons  of  copra 
(dried  cocoanut  meat)  into  110,- 
000  gallons  of  cocoanut  oil  and  the 
manufacture  of  the  residue  meal  into 
tons  of  cattle  food,  as  well  as  the  con- 
verting of  thousands  of  pounds  of  lint 
into  material  for  mattresses  have  just 
been  completed  by  a  Los  Angeles  com- 
pany and  mark  the  initial  step  in  what 
is  planned  as  a  great  new  industry  for 
this  port. 

The  copra  used  was  the  first  ship- 
ment of  copra  to  arrive  in  Los  An- 
geles.    Heretofore  all  copra  has  been 


sent  directly  to  the  Middle  West, 
where'  plants  specially  built  for  its 
handling  are  in  operation. 

The  huge  quantities  of  copra  from 
the  South  Sea  Islands  and  from  the 
Philippines  that  have  not  been  sent  di- 
rectly to  France  have  entered  the 
United  States  by  way  of  San  Francisco 
and  Seattle  and  no  attempt  has  been 
made  to  convert  the  raw  product  on 
the  Pacific  Coast  until  the  present  step 
by  the  local  company. 

So  great  was  the  success  of  the  de- 
mand for  the  first  pressing  of  copra 
that  the  officials  of  the  company  are 
now  making  arrangements  to  double 
their  capacity  for  the  new  season, 
which  will  open  October  1.  In  order 
successfully  to  obtain  the  oil,  special 
presses  have  been  imported  and  are 
now  being  installed. 

The  principal  product  obtained  from 
the  copra  is  the  oil,  which  is  put  to 
hundreds  of  uses,  including  the  manu- 
facture of  soap.  Practically  all  of  the 
first  pressing  was  absorbed  by  a  local 
company.  In  addition  to  the  oil,  tons 
of  meals  are  obtained,  which  make  a 
superior  cattle  food. 

Before  the  meat  of  the  cocoanut  is 
pressed,  it  is  stripped  of  the  fine  lint 
which  covers  the  inner  shell,  and  this 
is  converted  into  material  for  pillows, 
etc.  It  is  said  that  this  is  even  a  bet- 
ter filler  than  feathers. 

It  is  estimated  that  with  the  double 
capacity  of  the  present  plant  this  fall, 
a  great  market  can  be  created  for  ship- 
ment to  the  west  as  well  as  having  the 
result  of  inducing  other  soap  manufac- 
turing plants  to  locate  here. 
— o — 
Logical       Location 
For  Iron  Ore  Plant 
OS  ANGELES  is  the  logical  place 
for  the  smelting  of  iron  ore  and 
manufacture     of    steel,    according     to 
facts  and  figures  compiled  from  auth- 
entic sources,  including  reports  in   the 
Tinted  States  geological  bulletins. 

A  thorough  research  conducted  by 
tlie  Chamber  of  Commerce  over  a  pe- 
riod of  several  months  shows  that 
200,000,000  tons  of  high  grade  iron  ore 
are  available  in  Southern  California 
alone,  with  an  equal  supply  in  Lower 
California,  to  say  nothing  of  40,000,000 
tons  more  in  Utah. 

The  research  discloses  that  there  are 
enormous  supplies  of  good  cooking 
coal,  of  the  kind  necessary  for  iron 
smelting  located  in  Alaska,  Washing- 
ton, Utah  and  Northern  New  Mexico, 
which  can  be  laid  down  in  Los  An- 
geles at  reasonable  and  practical 
prices  through  organized  effort. 

The  figures  compiled  by  the  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  are  available  for  all 
who  are  interested  in  the  development 


of  the  iron  and  steel  industry  in  Los 
Angeles,  including  Henry  Ford,  who  is 
said  to  have  sent  a  representative  to 
Los  Angeles  recently  to  determine  the 
practicability  of  operating  a  big  steel 
mill  there  in  connection  with  a  con- 
templated branch  of  his  great  automo- 
bile factory. 

In  the  matter  of  iron  ore  the  figures 
show  the  three  most  practical  avail- 
able deposits  are  as  follows:  Eagle 
Mountain,  in  Riverside  county,  140 
miles  from  Los  Angeles,  estimated  at 
60,000,000  tons ;  Cave  canyon,  200  miles 
from  Los  Angeles  on  the  Salt  Lake 
Railway,  estimated  at  20,000,000  tons; 
Kelson,  236  miles  east  of  Los  Angeles, 
estimated  at  10,000,000  tons.  There 
are  other  large  deposits  in  San  Ber- 
nardino county,  said  to  aggregate  125,- 
000,000  tons. 

All  of  this  ore,  it  is  claimed,  has  the 
characteristic  of  the  best  possible  fur- 
nace mixture  for  economical  smelting 
and  runs  from  4  to  10  per  cent  higher 
than  standard  Lake  Superior  iron  ores, 
used  at  the  big  smelters  at  Pittsburg, 
the  center  of  the  steel  industry  in  the 
United  States. 

The  bulk  of  the  tonnage  is  said  to 
be  within  the  Bessemer  limit  in  phos- 
phorus and,'  lacking  moisture,  there 
would  be  no  cost  of  drying  before 
transportation  or  freight  cost  on  10 
per  cent  of  moisture  as  with  Lake  Su- 
perior ores.  Further  comparison  shows 
that  the  California  ores  have  a  metal- 
lic iron  content  of  62.5  per  cent,  as 
against  an  average  of  58  per  cent  in 
Lake  Superior  ores. 

Another  important  comparison  made 
in  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  report 
is  in  the  matter  of  mining.  Lake  Su- 
perior ores,  it  is  shown,  are  obtained 
by  expensive  underground  mining  or 
by  open-cut  work,  whereas  California 
deposits  have  enormous  surface  expos- 
ures capable  of  being  quarried,  not 
mined,  and  loaded  on  cars  by  steam 
shovels. 

A  compilation  of  cost  figures  shows 
that  pig  iron  can  be  made  in  Los  An- 
geles in  the  regular  blast  furnace  way 
at  approximately  two-thirds  of  the 
cost  of  Pennsylvania  pig  iron  laid 
down  in  the  Los  Angeles  market, 
either  by  transcontinental  freight  or 
via  the  Panama  Canal. 

As  a  concluding  analysis,  the  re- 
search report  shows  that  there  are 
available  tonnages  of  iron  ores  and 
coal  to  insure  large  manufacturing  op- 
erations for  a  long  period  of  years. 
and  these  resources  can  be  acquired 
at  prices  so  far  below  anything  else 
of  the  same  kind  in  the  United  States 
that  the  first  cost  is  a  minor  matter. 


October    19/9 


237 


to 


I 

;;; 


COTTON  SHIPPING  FACILITIES 

AT 

THE  PORT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

The  Harbor  Department  of  the  City  of  Los  Angeles  is  installing  a  high  density  cotton  compress  in 
connection  with  its  great  municipal  storage   and   dock  facilities. 

This  compress  will  condense  cotton  in  either  standard  or  gin  bales  to  a  density  of  from  36  to  40  pounds 
per  cubic  foot.  A  gin  bale  occupies  35'/2  cubic  feet;  a  standard  density  bale  occupies  22'/4  cubic  feet, 
and  a  high  density  bale  (36  pounds  density)  occupies  14  cubic  feet.  Thus  100  cubic  feet  of  cargo 
space  will  hold  2,250  pounds  of  standard  density  cotton,  or  3,600  pounds  of  high  density  cotton.  Thus 
a  ship  can  carry  60  per  cent  more  cotton  in  a  given  amount  of  space  if  it  is  compressed  to  high  density 
than  if  it  is  compressed  to  standard  density. 


Municipal  Pier  No.  1,  where  Cotton  Compress  is  under  erection.      Ships  dock  on  farther  side  of  Pier  Shed 

The  compress  will  be  erected  on  Municipal  Pier  No.  1,  a  solid  earth-filled  pier  containing,  with  the 
foreshore,  66  acres.  This  pier  is  equipped  with  a  reinforced  concrete  wharf  2,520  feet  long,  facing  on 
a  channel  35  feet  deep  at  low  tide,  which  will  accommodate  the  largest  vessels  on  the  Pacific;  a  steel- 
frame  pier  shed  1,800  feet  long  and  100  feet  wide,  and  a  six-story  reinforced  concrete  warehouse  contain- 
ing ten  acres  of  floor  space,   and  with  a  capacity  of  more  than  80,000  tons  of  cargo. 

Cotton  designed  for  export  will  be  unloaded  from  cars,  put  through  the  compress,  and  then  moved 
either  direct  to  the  pier  shed,  if  designed  for  immediate  shipment,  or  to  the  warehouse,  if  designed  for 
shipment  at  some  future  time.      For  the  present  the  cotton  will  be  handled  by  electric  tractors  and  trailers. 

The  lowest  rates  practicable  will  be  made  for  compression,  handling  and  storage.  Insurance  rates 
also  are  extremely  low,   as  the  storage  warehouse  is  absolutely   fireproof. 

Cotton  shippers  and  exporters,  and  steamship  lines  interested  in  carrying  cotton,  will  find  it  to  their 
advantage  to  investigate  these  facilities. 


Addi 


THE  BOARD  OF  HARBOR  COMMISSIONERS 

SUITE  33,  CITY  HALL,  LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 


>>2—i— :•* 


238 


Pan   Pacific 


Export  Bank  Bill  Will  Aid  Trade 

Edge  Measure  Will  Permit  Organization  of  Corporations  Under  Government  Con- 
trol To   Engage   In  Rebuilding   United   States   Export   Commerce 


~F?  ARLY  in  September  the  United 
-*— '  States  Senate  without  a  dissent- 
ing vote,  passed  the  bill  offered  by- 
Senator  Edge  of  New  Jersey  to  per- 
mit the  organization  of  corporations 
under  Government  control  to  engage 
in  rebuilding  the  export  trade  between 
the  United  States  and  foreign  coun- 
tries. The  fundamental  object  of  the 
measure  is  to  provide  a  means  of  pro- 
moting trade  which,  owing  to  unset- 
tled conditions  abroad,  cannot  be  un- 
dertaken without  an  expansion  of 
financial  facilities. 

Under  the  bill,  a  corporation  to  en- 
gage in  the  promotion  of  export  trade 
may  be  organized  by  five  or  more  in- 
dividuals, with  a  capital  stock  of  not 
less  than  $2,000,000.  The  controlling 
interest  in  the  corporations  must  be 
in  the  hands  of  citizens  of  the  United 
States. 

The  corporations  are  to  be  under 
supervision  of  the  Federal  Trade  Com- 
mission. They  will  be  permitted  to 
engage  in  a  general  banking  business 
relative  to  export  trade,  embracing  the 
extension  of  credits  abroad,  the  loan 
of  moneys  on  real  and  personal  prop- 
erty, and  other  financial  enterprises. 

Foreign  securities  may  be  accepted 
by  the  corporations  in  return  for  is- 
sues of  debentures  which  will  be  sold 
to  investors  in  the  corporations  here 
and  abroad.  Money  raised  through 
the  sales  of  these  debentures  will  be 
used  in  paying  for  goods  purchased. 
The  bill  provides  that  foreign  traders 
may  give  mortgages  on  their  plants  to 
provide  security7  for  advances. 

It  is  provided  that  a  corporation  or- 
ganized under  the  measure  may  invest 
in  other  corporations  created  to  pro- 
mote international  trade,  but  the  ex- 
tent of  this  investment  is  limited  to 
10  per  cent  of  tbe  capital  and  surplus 
of  the  investing  concern,  except  as  to 
banking  corporations,  which  may  use 
15  per  cent  of  their  capital  and  sur- 
plus. This  double  liability  clause  was 
accepted  by  the  Senate  after  a  vigor- 
ous debate,  in  which  it  was  contended 
that  the  corporations  ought  to  be  put 
under  similar  restrictions  as  national 
banks. 

The  powers  bestowed  upon  the  cor- 
porations under  the  bill  are  as  fol- 
lows : 

"To  purchase,  sell,  discount,  and  ne- 
gotiate notes,  drafts,  checks,  bills  of 
exchange,  acceptances,  including  bank- 
ers" acceptances,  cable  transfers,  and 
other  evidences  of  indebtedness;  to 
purchase  and  sell  securities,  including 
the   obligations   of  the   United   States 


Edge  Explains  His  Bill 

Senator  Edge  explained  the  object 
of  the  export  bank  measure  as  follows: 

"The  main  object  I  wished  to  ac- 
complish was  the  acceptance  of  the 
principle  that  the  national  banking 
system  should  be  expanded  to  recog- 
nize the  necessity  of  co-operating  in 
the  question  of  export  financing.  This 
will  be  fully  accomplished  by  the 
enactment  of  the  bill,  which  now  has 
been  passed  by  the  Senate.  I  would 
have  preferred  to  have  secured  the 
waiver  of  the  double  liability  clause, 
as  I  do  not  feel  these  corporations  are 
in  that  respect  in  the  same  position  as 
national  banVs;  at  the  same  time  this 
amendment  has  the  value  of  assuring 
the  public  that  investments  made 
therein  are  secured  to  that  additional 
extent  and,  if  the  bill  finally  passes 
the  House  of  Representatives  and  be- 
comes law,  I  am  positive  many  banks 
will  be  incorporated  under  its  provi- 
sions, and  its  enactment  will  result  in 
greatly  helping  the  serious  situation  it 
is  designed  to  alleviate." 


or  of  any  State  thereof;  to  accept  bills 
or  drafts  drawn  upon  it  subject  to 
such  limitations  and  restrictions  as 
the  Federal  Reserve  Board  may  im- 
pose; to  issue  letters  of  credit;  to  pur- 
chase  and  sell  exchange,  coin,  and  bul- 
lion; to  borrow  and  to  lend  money  on 
real  or  personal  security ;  to  receive 
deposits,  and  generally  to  exereise 
such  powers  as  are  incidental  to  the 
powers  conferred  by  this  act  or  as 
may  be  usual  in  connection  with  the 
transaction  of  the  business  of  the 
banking  or  other  financial  operations 
in  the  countries,  colonies,  dependen- 
cies, or  possessions  in  which  it  shall 
transact   business. 


"To  establish  and  maintain  for  the 
transaction  of  its  business  branches  or 
agencies  in  foreign  countries,  their  de- 
pendencies or  colonies,  and  in  the  de- 
pendencies or  insular  possessions  of 
the  United  States  at  such  places  as 
may  be  approved  by  the  Federal  Re- 
serve Board  and  under  such  rules  and 
regulations  as  it  may  prescribe,  and  to 
establish  and  maintain  such  additional 
branches  or  agencies  as  the  Federal 
Reserve  Board  may  from  time  to  time 
authorize  even  in  countries  or  depen- 
dencies not  specified  in  the  original 
organization  certificate. 

"With  the  consent  of  the  Federal 
Reserve  Board  to  purchase  and  hold 
stock  or  other  certificates  of  owner- 
ship in  any  other  corporation  organ- 
ized under  the  provisions  of  this  sec- 
tion or  under  the  laws  of  any  foreign 
country  or  a  colony  or  dependency 
thereof  or  under  the  laws  of  any  State 
dependency,  or  insular  possessions  of 
the  United  States  not  transacting  busi- 
ness in  the  United  States,  except  such 
as  in  the  judgment  of  the  Federal  Re- 
serve Hoard  may  be  incidental  to  its 
international  or  foreign  business;  pro- 
vided, however,  that  without  the  con- 
sent of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  no 
corporation  organized  hereunder  shall 
invest  in  any  one  corporation  an 
amount  in  excess  of  10  per  centum  of 
its  own  capital  and  surplus.  The  pro- 
visions of  Section  7  of  the  act  ap- 
proved Oct,  15,  1914.  entitled  'An  act 
to  supplement  existing  laws  against 
unlawful  restraints  and  monopolies 
and  for  other  purposes,'  shall  not  ap- 
ply to  corporations  or  to  officers,  di- 
rectors, or  employes  of  corporations 
organized   under  this  section." 


PAN  PACIFIC  TRADE  NOTES 


As  increased  attention  is  being  given 
the  sheep  raising  industry  in  Man- 
churia, native  capitalists  are  planning 
to  build  a  woolen  mill  to  utilize  the 
wool  that  would  otherwise  be  exported 
in  an  unmanufactured  state. 
— o — 

The  Japanese  Navy  Department  is 
said  to  be  planning  the  erection  at 
Kure,  Japan,  of  a  dozen  gigantic  crude 
pretroleum  tanVs,  to  be  used  as  filling 
stations  for  the  oil  burning  warships. 
— o — - 

It  is  reported  that  Japanese  inter- 
ests are  organizing  a  company,  with  a 
capital  of  $10,000,000,  for  the  fixation 
of  atmospheric  nitrogen  under  certain 
American  patents. 

— o — 

A  great  shortage  of  dwelling  houses 
is   said  to   exist  in   Sydney,   Australia. 


There  were  10,546  buildings  erected  in 
1914  at  a  total  cost  of  $6,775,548,  and 
this  number  has  greatly  decreased  each 
year  during  the  war,  until  1918  the 
number  of  newly  constructed  houses 
was  4,998  and  the  total  cost  was  $3,- 
726,896. 

— o — 

A  Portland  cement  factory,  which  is 
now  being  constructed  in  Singapore, 
Straits  Settlements,  at  cost  of  $1,000,- 
000,  is  to  be  equipped  with  machinery 
of  American  manufacture. 
— o — 

One  of  the  largest  land  transactions 
ever  consummated  in  the  Philippines 
was  the  recent  purchase  by  Japanese 
interests  of  the  entire  island  of  Ca- 
lambayungan,  which  is  a  part  of  the 
province  of  Camarines.  The  price  is 
said  to  have   been  $500,000. 


O  ciober    19  19 


239 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY.  39  Cortlandt 
St..  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire. 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address   "ACME." 


AI'DRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY.  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
tvpe.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
PRESSO." 

AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY'.  120  Broadway. 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 

THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
st,eel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Weber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"  A  MER  -PULLEY." 

THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY. 20  Vesey  St..  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress   "AMPAX,55   Defiance,    Ohio. 

AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
ets,  warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
'odes:  Lieper's  Western  Union.  General  Tele- 
ph  and   A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO   COMPANY,   Binghamton,   New  York, 
olographic   paper,    films,   cameras,   chemicals, 
ry  plates,  etc.     Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143   Great   Portland    St.,    London.   W..    England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
T'nion.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 

THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    VPYRALIN." 


I 


I 


ARNOTT    &    COMPANY,    112    South    Los    An- 
gles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.     Agricultural 
mplements,    engines    and    wagons.     Export    or- 
ders  a   specialty.     Catalogue   and    price   list   on 
application.    Cable  address   "ARNOTT." 


AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  CO.,  620  South 
Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles.  Cal.  Growers,  ex- 
porters and  importers  of  all  kinds  of  seeds. 
Cable  address   "JONMITS." 

.T.  ARON  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall  St.,  New 
York  City.  Branches  at  San  Francisco,  New 
Orleans,  Chicago.  London,  England  and  Santos, 
Brazil.  General  exporters  and  importers.  Cor- 
respondence solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable 
address   "ARONCO." 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY'.  871  Market  St..  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters E"d  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  ^namel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMICO." 


ASSOCIATED  TIMBER  EXPORTERS  OF 
BRITISH  COLUMBIA,  LTD.,  609  Metropolitan 
Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada.  Exporters 
of  lumber  for  British  Columbia  Mills.  Principal 
product  Douglas  Fir   (Oregon  Pine). 


CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY'.  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 


EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St..  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale  bookbinders. 


THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES.  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union.  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable    address    "BEAVER." 


F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St..  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters. 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 


BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils.  Iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs,    Code  Western  Union.     All  languages. 


BRITISH  MANUFACTURERS  CORPORA- 
TION, LTD.,  470  Granville  Street,  Vancouver. 
B.  C.  Branch  offices  London,  Glasgow,  Liver- 
poo,  Cardiff,  Petrograd,  New  York.  Canadian 
iron  and  steel  exporters,  also  machinery.  In- 
quiries    invited.      Special     attention     given     to 

('Ml)lfS. 

CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 

CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue.  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 

A.  .T.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf,  skins, 
glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery  leather,  etc. 
Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 

L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
ier}-, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  CorreSDondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 

JAMES  P.  DWAN,  American  Nat.  Bank  Bldg., 
San  Francisco.  Cal.  Exporters  and  Importer. 
General  purchasing  agent  for  foreign'  buyers. 
Building  materials,  machinery,  ores,  metals,  oils. 
Foreign  office.  Missions  Building,  The  Bund, 
Canton,    China.     Cable   address   DWAN. 

GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Pine  Street. 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

GOSSE-MILLERD  PACKING  COMPANY. 
LTD..  597  Hastings  Street,  W.  Vancouver,  B.  C. 
Packers    and    exporters    of    canned    fish.     Cable 

address   "Gossmiller." 

F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
Ft.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver. 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages,    Cable  address  DRAGON. 


240 


Pan  Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  ana 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 

B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address   "HEASTAND." 

INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
drv  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 

HURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KULLMAN.  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leather 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LAVAN,  A.  K.  COMPANY,  207  Hastings  St., 
W.  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada.  Exporters  and 
Importers,  Shipping  and  Commission,  Manufac- 
turers Agents.  Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds 
of  merchandise.  References:  Standard  Bank  of 
Canada,  Bank  of  Montreal  (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 
Branch).  Cable  address  "LAVAN,  VANCOUV- 
ER." Codes,  A.  B.  C,  Bentley's,  Western  Union. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  ana  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress,  "VINMAR." 

MORELAND  MOTORLAND  TRUCK  COM- 
PANY, 1701  North  Main  Street,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Manufacturers  of  motor  trucks  of  vari- 
ous sizes,  which  will  burn  either  distillate  or 
gasoline,  making  possible  a  saving  of  50%  in 
fuel. 

R.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY.  717  Market  Street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  in  San  Francisco. 

NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  In  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 

OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
lurers  of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 


PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY,  67  New  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporters  of  bath-tubs,  toil- 
ets, lavatories,  sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing 
fixtures,  etc.  Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of 
export  orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 

VICTOR  PATRON,  Oceanic  Bldg.,  2  Pine  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan, 
Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and 
export  representatives.  Prices  and  catalogues 
furnished   on   application. 


C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 


PURNELL  &  PAGETT,  Canton.  China.  Ar- 
chitects and  civil  engineers.  Investigations,  in- 
spections and  valuations.  Bridges,  steel  con- 
struction, wharves  and  docks.  Cable  address 
PANEL.     W.  U.  Code  and  A.  B.  C. 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building.  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export:  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Shoes,  rubbers,  tennis 
and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds;  all  styles.  Bentley 
Code  used. 


ROLPH.  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 


ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 

PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Importers,  exporters,  manu- 
facturers' agents,  purchasing  agents.  All  codes. 
Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 

SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 

SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shipcomco." 
All  codes  used. 

SWINGSPOUT  MEASURE  COMPANY,  404  N. 
Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Manufacturers  of  oil  measures  for  garages,  au- 
tomobiles, gasoline  stations  and  etc.  Can  be 
used  for  all  liquids.  Agents  wanted  in  all  for- 
eign countries. 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All   codes.     Cable  address   CHENRYINC. 


HERBERT  W.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnois. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


SOUTHWARK  FOUNDRY  &  MACHINE  CO., 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  Manufacturers  of 
hydraulic  and  power  tools,  as  well  as  special 
machinery  for  ship  yards,  railroad  shops,  struc- 
tural plants  and  etc.  Descriptive  circulars  sent 
upon  request. 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 


TEAPOORTEN.  LTD.,  J.  A.,  308  Water  St.. 
Vancouver,  B.  C.  Exporters  of  drugs,  chem- 
icals, patent  medicines,  druggists  sundries,  con- 
fectionery and  etc. 


THOMAS  &  COMPANY— Importers  and  Ex- 
porters. Importers  and  buyers  of  copra,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  peanut  oil,  soya  bean  oil,  China  wood 
'ill.  whale  oil,  fish  oils  and  tallows.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "THOMAS"  Seattle. 


THOMPSON  &  CASTLETON,  316  First  St., 
So.  Seattle,  Wash.  Electrical  and  mining  ma- 
chinery. Specialists  on  rewinding  machinery  of 
all   kinds.     Installers  of  complete   plants. 


UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  AND  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Seattle,  Washington — Shipowners, 
ship  brokers,  importers  and  exporters.  Marine 
cargo  surveyors  and  appraisers.  World  wide 
charterers.  Agencies  in  all  principal  ports. 
Cable  address  "USATCO"  Seattle.  UNSHIP- 
STRAD   New   York. 


VANCOUVER  MILLING  &  GRAIN  CO.,  LTD, 
Vancouver,  Canada.  Exporters  of  beans,  peas, 
rice,  nuts:  egg  products,  vegetables  and  fish 
oils,  chemicals.  Branches  in  all  important  cen- 
ters in  British  Columbia,  also  Calgary,  Alta, 
Montreal,  Quebec,  Kobe,  Japan,  Shanghai,  Han- 
kow, China.  References:  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia, 
Vancouver,  Toronto,  Montreal,  Boston,  Chicago, 
New  York. 


WESTERN  COMMERCIAL  COMPANY,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. — Brokers  between  Japan  and 
America.  Direct  representation  in  the  Orient. 
Buy  or  sell  goods  in  the  Orient.  Anything — 
any    amount.     Cable   address    "WECO." 


WHITE,  H.  G.  CO.,  149  Alexander  Street. 
Vancouver,  Canada.  Importers  of  crude  and 
manufactured  drugs,  gums,  essential  oils,  vege- 
table oils,  waxes,  heavy  chemicals,  shellac.  Ex- 
porters of  heavy  chemicals,  aniline  colors. 
Branch  offices  New  York,  Yokohama,  Singa- 
pore.    Cable  address  "HARITE  VANCOUVER." 


WHALEN  PULP  AND  PAPER  MILLS,  LTD.. 
Merchants  Bank  Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C, 
Canada.  Exclusive  manufacturers  of  sulphite 
pulp.  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs.,  95%  to  100% 
air-dry. 


WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men. 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 


ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY.  San 
Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and  samples 
of  paper  for  export.  Represented  at  Yokohama 
and  Shanghai.  Cable  address  "ZELLERBACH." 
All  codes. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein, 


October    19  19 


241 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING   MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
Arnott  &  Company. 

AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

BANKS  AND  BANKING 
First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 

BATH-TUBS 
Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 

BLANKETS,  QUILTS.  Etc. 
L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 

BOILERS,   WATER  TUBE 
Pacific   Marine   Iron   Works. 

BOOKBINDERS 
Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
Edward   Barry   Company. 

BOOTS 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Williams  Marvin  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Company. 

BROKERAGE  AND   COMMISSION 
Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 

BUILDING  MATERIAL 
Seattle  Far  East   Trading  Co. 
James  P.   Dwan 

CAMERAS 
The  Ansco  Company. 

CANNED  GOODS 
C.  M.  Pettibone  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
P.   E.  Booth  Company. 
Western  Canning  Co. 

CANS.   CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 
American   Can   Company. 

CASES.   STEEL  .... 
American  Steel   Package  Company. 

CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
Interstate  Pattern  Works. 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 
The  Arlington  Company. 

CELLULOID,  SHEET 
The   Arlington   Company. 

CEREALS. 
Sperry  Flour  Co. 

CHINA WARE 
B.   F.   Heastand. 
Associated  Mfgs.   Importing  Co. 

COFFEE 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Dill-Crosett.  Inc. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 
Topping  Brothers. 

COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 
Ingrim-Rutledge    Company. 

COTTON  GOODS 
L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 

CROCKERY 
B.  F.  Heastand. 
Associated  Mrgs.  Importing  Co. 

Cutlery 

Standard  Products  Company. 

DRESS  GOODS 
L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 

DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 
The  Hale  Company. 
Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
F.  Griffin  &  Company. 

DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 

DYE  STUFFS 
Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 

ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 
FERTILIZERS 

Brady  &  Company 


FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 
Pacific   Lubricating  Company. 

FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sperry  Flour  Co. 

FOOD  PRODUCTS 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman   Brothers   Company. 
YV.   R.   Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 
F.  E.  Booth  Company. 
Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage   Co. 
Chas.  A.   Bacon. 
F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

GAS  ENGINES 

Shipbuilders   Machinery   Company. 

Arnott  &  Company. 
GLASSWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 
GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacific   Lubricating  Company. 
GROCERIES 

C  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard   Products   Company. 
HARDWARE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Associated  Mfrs.    Importing  Co. 
HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 

James  P.  Dwan. 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY    APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
LAUNDRY   MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,   Salz  &  Company. 

A.  J.  &  J.   R.  Cook. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron.   Rickard  &   McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 

MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &   MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron.  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W    R.   Grace  &  Company. 

J.  Aron  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland   Import    &   Mfg.    Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.    Dinkelspiel   Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
OILS 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

James  P.  Dwan. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certaln-teed  Products  Corporation. 


PAPER 
Zellerbach  Taper  Company. 
Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 
General  Paper  Co. 
Edward  Barry  Co. 

PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &    MATERIALS 
The  Ansco  Company. 

PLUMBING  FIXTURES 
Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

PRINTING 
Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
Edward  Barry  Co. 

PULLEYS 
The  American  Pulley  Company. 

RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 
Topping  Brothers. 

RAW  PRODUCTS 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
A.  O.  Andersen  &  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 
Herbert   W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 

RICE 

F.   Griffin   &  Co. 

ROOFING 

Certain-teed   Products  Corporation. 
RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin   Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing   Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
Sl'ICES 

W.   R.  Grace  &  Company. 
SI-RINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.   Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL   AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard   Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American   Pulley  Company. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.   of  America. 
TANKS.  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
TEXTILE   MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Associated   Mfrs.    Importing   Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Mill  &  Mine  Supply  Company.  \ 

TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 

(Continued  on  page  242) 


242 


Pan   Pacific 


VANCOUVER,  A  WORLD  METROPOLIS 


(Continued  from  page  222) 


The  pulp  and  paper  mills  have  been 
kept  going  at  top  notch  speed  during 
1918  and  1919  and  have  not  been  able 
to  keep  pace  with  the  orders  as  they 
came  in.  The  Pacific  mills  have  per- 
fected the  manufacture  of  Kraft  wrap- 
ping paper,  which  is  acknowledged  to 
be  of  very  high  quality. 

The  immense  yields  of  fruit  and 
vegetables,  on  lands  easy  of  access  to 
Vancouver,  have  necessitated  a  steady 
growth  of  canneries,  evaporating 
plants  and  the  installation  of  other 
processes  for  the  preservation  of  foods. 

Besides  the  big  salmon  fishing  and 
canning  industries,  a  great  impetus  has 
been  given  to  the  fresh  and  frozen 
fish  business  in  and  about  Vancouver. 
Another  fish  industry  has  been  the 
canning  of  whale  meat.  One  whale 
will  yield  anywhere  from  three  to 
twelve  tons  of  prime  meat. 

A  plant  for  the  fixation  of  atmos- 
pheric nitrogen  has  been  established 
on  Vancouver's  inner  harbor.  Other 
sea  products  have  been  put  to  use.  A 
plant  to  manufacture  dog  fish  and 
shark  liver  oil  and  fertilizers  has  been 
so  successful  that  it  keeps  steadily 
growing  in  dimensions  and,  even 
then,  has  difficulty  in  filling  all  the 
orders  its  office  receives. 

Two  plants  have  been  built  to  util- 
ize shark  skins  for  leather.  Pish 
waste   is   more   and   more   being   used 


to  make  poultry  foods  and  fertilizers, 
and  a  plant  was  constructed,  early  last 
year,  for  tanning  hamlock  bark,  a  com- 
modity that,  heretofore,  had  been 
wasted  in  British  Columbia. 

Uses  for  by-products  of  manufac- 
tured goods  are  so  continuously  crop- 
ping up  that  it  has,  so  far,  been  al- 
most hopeless  to  corral  them  all  and 
turn  them  into  proper  channels  for 
home  use  and  for  supply  for  the  world 
markets,  but  no  thought  or  suggestion 
for  their  use  is  ever  lost  sight  of,  and, 
as  time  goes  on,  plants  will  be  built 
for  manufacture  and  markets  found 
for  disposal. 

Mining  is  naturally  one  of  British 
Columbia's  great  industries,  and  the 
gold  production  of  Atlin,  of  the  Cari- 
boo, the  Kootenays,  all  in  British 
Columbia,  touches  Vancouver,  as  does 
the  output  from  the  Yukon  and  other 
metal  mining  districts.  The  business 
of  the  big  smelters  and  refineries,  the 
coal  mines  of  Vancouver  Island,  the 
trappings  of  the  North  and  the  prod- 
uce of  the  fertile  inland  valleys,  is 
handled  in  Vancouver. 

I  could  place  on  paper  all  manner 
of  figures  showing  the  increase  of 
Vancouver's  money  making,  but,  of 
what  use?  The  amount  is  constantly 
increasing,  and  what  is  written  today 
will  be  out  of  count  before  this  story 
is  published. 


British  Columbia  is  careful  what  it 
says  about  itself,  indeed,  our  Premier 
states  publicly,  "We  are  not  in  a  posi- 
tion to  boast  of  prosperity,"  yet  Van- 
couver, its  chief  city,  feels  justified 
in  telling  of  her  prosperity,  for,  dur- 
ing its  short  life  time  of  thirty-three 
years,  it  has  come  to  rank  as  the  fourth 
city  of  the  Dominion  of  Canada.  Van- 
couver's growth  in  manufacturing, 
during  the  fat  and  lean  of  fifteen 
years,  has  increased  579  per  cent,  that 
was  from  1900  to  1915.  At  the  rate 
of  increase  of  the  last  four  years  the 
next  fifteen  year  period  will  show  a 
still  greater  gain. 

Tourist  traffic  into  Vancouver  lias 
assumed  such  proportions  that  the 
planning  for  it  and  seeing  it  through 
has  become  an  industry  in  itself.  There 
are  all  kinds  of  playgrounds  in  and 
about  Vancouver,  and,  as  Vancouver 
people  are  keen  upon  holidays  and 
sport,  everything  pertaining  to  having 
and  giving  a  good  time  receives  a 
major  amount  of  attention.  Wide  bath- 
ing beaches  are  within  ten  minutes  of 
the  busiest  business  district.  Great 
grounds  have  been  set  apart  for  golf 
and  other  ball  games.  There  are 
daily  excursions  to  many  islands,  tjan-  ; 
yons,  parks  and  mountain  tops;  in 
fact  there  is  a  different  place  to  go 
to  for  every  day  in  the  year — and  J 
some  over. 


FOREIGN  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 


JAPAN 

Andrews  &  George  Co.,  Inc Tokio 

Aki  &  Company Osaka 

A  be   Kobe!   Yokohama 

Masuda  &  Company  Yokohama 

Murato  &  Umtannl  Kobe 

Nosawa  &  Company  Tokio 

Samuel  Samuel  &  Co.,  Ltd Tokio 

Yonei    Shoten   Tokio 

PHILIPPINE    ISLANDS 

Parsons  Hardware  Co.,   Inc Manila 

W.  F.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Ltd Manila 

Warner,   Barnes  &   Co.,  Ltd Manila 


CHINA 

Andersen,  Meyer  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

.7.  M.  Alver  &  Company Hong  Kong 

Dodwell  &  Company  Shanghai 

Okura  &  Co.,   Ltd Shanghai 

Shewan,  Tonmes  &  Co Hong  Kong 

Harry  Wicking  &  Company  Hong  Kong 

STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 

Central   Engine   Works,   Ltd Singapore 

Katz  Brothers,  Ltd Penang,  S.   S. 

Patterson,  Simons  &  Co.,  Ltd Penang,  S.  S. 

Straist  Industrial   Syndicate Singapore 


AUSTRALIA 

Brown  &   Dureau,   Ltd Perth 

Capron,   Carter  &  Co.,  Ltd Sydney 

Essex  R.   Picot  Sydney 

Eliza    Tinsley    Melbourne 

A.  H.  &  A.   E.  Humphries Melbourne 

A.   Goninan  &   Co.,  Ltd New  Castle 

James  Hardie  &  Company Sydney 

Turnbull  &  Niblett  Sydney 

NEW    ZEALAND 

W.   H.   Long  &   Company Wellington 

F.  W.  Markham  Wellington 

Herbert  G.  Teagle,  Ltd Wellington 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED— Continued 


VARNISH 

Beaver  Board   Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certaln-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 


WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The   Beaver   Board   Companies. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 


WHEELS,   CASTERS,   Etc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 


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Machinery    Broker 

-   ■       '  ■  »  ■'  '     ' — ' — 


JOHN   C.  EPPERSON 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT 


Manufacturers  Agent 


411   CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE  BLDG. 
Los  Angeles,   California. 

I  specialize  in  Iudustrial  Plants,  and  can  supply  complete  equipment  for  all  kinds  of  Construction  and  Manufacturing,  such  as 
Rock  Crushing,  Concrete  Mixing,  Drilling,  Pumping  and  Mining  Machinery,  Canneries,  Sugar,  Feed,  Flour  and  Knitting  Mills, 
etc.,  etc.    Your  correspondence  solicited  if  you  wish  to  buy  or  sell  Machinery. 

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October    19  19 


243 


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Standard  Products  Co.  MGLASSWARE! 


Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office,  260  California  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


New  York 

Pittsburgh 

Seattle 

Los  Angeles 


Shanghai 
Singapore 
Manila 
Yokohama 


EXPORTERS,  of  all  American  products,  especially  Iron 
and  Steel  Products,  Machinery,  Black  and  Galvanized 
Pipe,  either  American  or  English  Thread,  Paints,  Var- 
nishes, Cutlery,  Sanitary  Fixtures,  Railway  Supplies, 
Asbestos,  Leather  Belting,  Explosives,  Imitation 
Leather,  Automobile  Trucks,  Tractors,  Lighting  Fix- 
tures, Chain,  Plate  and  Window  Glass,   Fabrikoid. 

IMPORTERS,  Raw  Materials  from  Asia,  Camel's  Hair, 
Animal  Hair,  Bristles,  Furs,  Hides  and  Skins,  Human 
Hair,  Egg  Products,  Nuts,  Oils,  Etc. 


Code  Word  "PERKINS."     All  Codes  Used. 


|    References,  First  National  Bank,  Bank  of  Italy,  Dun's    \ 
or  Bradstreet's,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

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(FOR  TABLE   AND   SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 
DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 
(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    I 
I    catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language) 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.   Knowles   China  Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 

Cable   Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 


I    618  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco.  U.  S.  A.   I 


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=  E 

1         Murry  Jacobs 

Jacobs  &  Gile 

DIRECT  MILL  REPRESENTATIVES 

IRON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Cast  Iron  Water  Pipe 
Hydrants  and  Valves 


Railway  Exchange  Building 
Portland,  Oregon 


L.  C.  Smith  Building 

Seattle,  Washington 


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|  Rothwell  &  Co.  inc.  I 

420  Alaska  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 

|    97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517  Kobe    j 

New  York  Havana,  Cuba  Japan    \ 

404  Insurance  Exchange 

San  Franciscft 


IMPORTS: 

China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame    Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 


EXPORTS: 

Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye-    i 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 


^iiniiniiiMiiininiiniiiniiHiiuiiiiiiiniiiniiniiniiniiiliililiiiiiiiiiiiHMiiiiiiiiininiiiniiuiiiliiiiniiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiMlllllllliiilii 

Whalen  Pulp  &  Paper  Mills,  Limited  I 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Exclusive  Manufacturers  of  the  following  well-known 
brands  of  Sulphite  Pulp 

I  SNOWHITE  BRAND,    Bleached  Sulphite 

I   GLACIER  BRAND     ) 

|   CRYSTAL   BRAND    f  Easy  Bleachin2  SulPhite  | 

I  SWAN  BRAND  \ 

\  SAMSON  BRAND       t  Strong  SulPhlte 


Made  under  the  most  modern  Mill  conditions  from  the 
famous  British  Columbia  Spruce 

Packed  in  bales  of  320  His. 
95fc  to  100%  air-dry. 


MILL  CREEK  MILL 

Capacity 

80  tons 

Easy  Bleaching 

SWANSON  BAY  MILL 
Capacity 
40  tons 
Strong 

PORT  ALICE  MILL 

Capacity 
80  tons  Bleached 
and  Easy  Bleaching 

Head  Office: 
MERCHANTS  BANK 

BUILDING 

Vancouver,  B. 

C. 

Canada 

Correspondence  Invited 

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244 


Pan  Pacific 


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IMPORTERS  AND  BUYERS      f 
OF 

Copra       Cocoanut  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil     Peanut  Oil 

Cottonseed  Oil         Sesam  Seed 

China  Wood  Oil     Whale  Oil 

Fish  Oils  and  Tallows 


Cable  Address: 
THOMAS,  SEATTLE 


Full  Trainload  of  Copra 

THOMAS  &   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

SEATTLE, 


U.  S.  A. 


CABLE  US  YOUR  OFFERINGS 


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l'ADANG,  SUMATRA— Well  established  firm  is 
anxious  to  get  in  touch  with  importers  and 
exporters  of  Sumatra  products.  Their  prin- 
cipal exports  are  coffee  (robusta,  mandaling, 
angkolo),  rattan,  rubber  and  hides.  They  are 
interested  in  the  following  imports:  Corru- 
gated roof  iron,  wire  nails,  flour,  agricultural 
machinery  and  canned  fruits  and  vegetables. 
Address  Box  729  Pan  Pacific. 

BRUSSELS,  BELGIUM— Firm  is  desirous  of 
getting  in  touch  with  houses  dealing  in  dried 
fruits  of  all  kinds.  Address  Box  730  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  is  desirous  of 
getting  in  touch  with  American  importers  of 
beads,  necklaces,  imitation  pearl  beads,  also 
toys  such  as  dolls,  paper  and  wooden  toys. 
Address  Box  731  Pan  Pacific. 

MARSEILLES,  FRANCE— Concern  wishes  to 
communicate  with  firms  handling  dried  fruits 
and  canned  fruits,  as  they  are  desirous  of  im- 
porting these  commodities.  Address  Box  732 
I 'an  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Firm  manufacturing  and  ex- 
porting knitted  goods  wishes  to  get  in  touch 
with  a  reliable  firm  exporting  cotton  yarns, 
Ss.  10s,  12s,  14s,  IBs,  30s  and  32s.  Address 
Box  733  Pan  Pacific. 

MONTEREY,  N.  L.,  MEXICO— Wishes  to  get 
In  touch  with  exporters  of  Japanese  and  Chi- 
nese crockery.     Address  Box  735   Pan  Pacific. 

YOKOHAMA,  JAPAN— Manufacturer  of  silk 
fancy  goods,  such  as  silk  embroidered  ki- 
monas,  quilted  gowns,  mandarin  coats,  wrap- 
pers, underwear,  celluloid  articles,  curios, 
etc.,  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  Interested 
parties.     Address  Box  736  Pan  Pacific. 

KOBE,  JAPAN— Established  Japanese  firm 
wishes  to  get  in  touch  with  importers  of 
beans,  starches,  flour,  cereals,  vegetable  and 
animal  oils  and  seeds.  Address  Box  737  Pan 
Pacific. 

PRAGUE,  AUSTRIA— Party  desires  to  com- 
municate with  firms  desiring  a  representative 
for  the  Czecho-Slovaccian  Republic.  Address 
Box  738  Pan  Pacific. 

ERNAKULAM,  S.  INDIA— Import  and  export 
Arm  desires  to  get  In  touch  with  merchants 
desiring  connections  in  India.  Address  Box 
739  Pan  Pacific. 

•VALPARAISO,  CHILE— Firm  desires  to  repre- 
sent manufacturers  on  a  commission  basis  in 
the  Republic  of  Chile,  Peru  and  Bolivia.  Ad- 
dress Box  740  Pan  Pacific. 

GUAYQUIL,  ECUADOR— Party  engaged  in  con- 
fectionery business  wishes  to  get  in  touch 
with  importers  of  these  articles  and  their  side 
lines.  Correspondence  desired  In  Spanish. 
Address  Box  741  Pan  Pacific. 

(1UAYQUIL,  ECUADOR— Firm  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  manufacturers  of  lard  and  pe- 
troleum products,  also  with  firms  desiring  to 
extend  their  commerce  with  that  city.  Ad- 
dress Box  742  Pan  Pacific. 

BUCHAREST,  ROUMANIA— Firm  desires  to 
get  in  touch  with  exporters  of  Colonial  goods 
and  foodstuffs,  automobiles,  iron  and  steel, 
leather,  steel  wire,  paper  products,  drugs,  tex- 
tiles, draperies,  shoes,  socks  and  stockings, 
bags  or  canvass.  Address  Box  743  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

LA  CRUZ,  SINALAO,  MEXICO— Brokerage  firm 
desires  to  buy  second  hand  pumps  and  boil- 
ers. Wishes  list  of  stock  on  hand  and  prices. 
Address  Box  744  Pan  Pacific. 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 

VANCOUVER,  B.  C— Party  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  commission  houses  who  would  take 
agency  to  sell  smoked  and  cured  fish,  smoked 
red  herring,  kippers  and  bloaters,  and  boneless 
smoked  herring.  Address  Box  745  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Japanese  exporter  desires  to 
get  in  touch  with  importers  of  isinglass,  chil- 
lies, peas  and  beans.  Address  Box  746  Pan 
Pacific. 

TOKIO,  JAPAN — Firm  importing  tobacco  and 
cigarettes  wishes  to  get  in  touch  with  local 
exporters.  Desires  samples  and  C.  I.  F.  quo- 
tations.    Address  Box  747  Pan  Pacific. 

WELLINGTON,  NEW  ZEALAND— Firm  de- 
sires to  get  in  touch  with  manufacturers  of 
fancy  goods,  toilet  preparations,  jewelry  and 
souvenir  goods  suitable  for  tourist  trade.  Ad- 
dress Box  748  Pan  Pacific. 

MELBOURNE,  AUSTRALIA— Manufacturer  of 
night  latches  desires  to  communicate  with 
hardware  and  builders'  supply  houses  in  this 
city  who  would  be  interested  in  handling  their 
line.     Address   Box  749  Pan  Pacific. 

RIO  DE  JANEIRO,  BRAZIL— Import  and  ex- 
port firm  in  Rio  desires  to  get  in  touch  with 
merchants  in  this  country  who  are  interested 
in  forming  connections  in  Brazil.  Address 
Box  750  Pan  Pacific. 

SYDNEY,  AUSTRALIA— Established  firm  In 
Sydney  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  firms  in 
U.  S.  who  are  interested  in  the  Importation  of 
Australian  products.  Address  Box  751  Pan 
Pacific. 

BRISTOL,  ENGLAND— Established  firm  desires 
to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  of  canned  and 
dried  fruits  and  wines.  A  representative  can 
be  reached  In  New  York  City.  Address  Box 
752  Pan  Pacific. 

MANILA,  P.  I. — Firm  desires  to  communicate 
and  receive  catalogs  from  exporters  of  hard- 
ware.    Address  Box  753  Pan  Pacific. 

ALEXANDRIA,  EGYPT— Firm  wishes  to  get  in 
touch  with  exporters  of  food  products,  par- 
ticularly with  those  exporting  fruit.  Address 
Box  754  Pan  Pacific. 

VALPARAISO,  CHILE— Firm  desires  to  be  put 
In  touch  with  company  desiring  representation 
In   Chile.     Address   Box   755   Pan   Pacific. 

SINGAPORE,  S.  S.— Party  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  importers  and  consumers  of  wolf- 
ram ore  In  the  U.  S.  Ore  is  guaranteed  w.  o. 
3  at  the  rate  of  65  units  per  ton  of  ore.  Ad- 
dress Box  756   Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Firm  in  this  city 
would  like  to  get  in  touch  with  merchants  In- 
terested In  the  sale  of  the  following  commodi- 
ties: Agricultural  implements  and  supplies, 
metal  and  carbon  brushes  for  motors,  binder 
twine,  cardboard  used  In  the  manufacture  of 
hats  and  caps,  dyes  and  colorings  and  mater- 
ials used  in  the  manufacture  of  toilet  soaps 
and  perfumery,  dyes  for  furs,  laboratory  sup- 
plies, wool  and  cotton  goods.  Address  Box 
757  Pan  Pacific. 

SHANGHAI,  CHINA— Firm  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  importers  and  exporters  Interested 
in  making  connections  in  China  and  the 
Straits  Settlements.  Address  Box  758  Pan 
Pacific. 

BUCHAREST,  ROUMANIA— Company  wishes 
to  enter  Into  commercial  relations  with  manu- 
facturers of  canned  and  dried  fruits  as  well 
as  other  exporters  and  Importers.  Address 
Box   759   Pan   Pacific. 


LIMA,  PERU — Firm  is  desirous  of  getting  in 
touch  with  manufacturers  of  envelopes  of  all 
classes  and  sizes.  Address  Box  760  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

BUENOS  AIRES,  ARGENTINA— Import  and 
export  firm  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  ex- 
porters of  dried  fruits,  apples  and  lumber.  Ad- 
dress Box  761  Pan  Pacific. 

ST.  GALL,  SWITZERLAND— Firm  is  desirous 
of  getting  in  touch  with  firms  exploiting  the 
following:  Spices,  rice,  sugar,  glucose,  alimen- 
tary oils,  fats,  dried  fruits,  Jams,  Jellies,  beans, 
lentils,  coffee,  starch,  condensed  milk,  meat 
and   honey.     Address  Box  762   Pan  Pacific. 

PARIS,  FRANCE — Commission  merchant  wishes 
to  communicate  with  exporter  of  dried  fruit 
as  well  as  canned  vegetables  and  fish.  Ad- 
dress  Box  763   Pan  Pacific. 

BOGOTA,  COLOMBIA— Firm  desires  to  corre- 
spond with  American  firms  with  a  view  of  ex- 
porting hides,  coffee  and  tobacco.  Address 
Box  L  764  Pan  Pacific. 

MEXICO  CITY — Firm  desires  to  receive  cata- 
logs on  building  materials  and  supplies.  Ad- 
dress Box  L  765  Pan  Pacific. 

SONORA,  MEXICO — Company  desires  to  be 
placed  in  touch  with  manufacturers  of  agri- 
cultural and  oil  well  machinery  with  a  view 
of  representing  them  in  that  territory.  Ad- 
dress Box   L  766   Pan  Pacific. 

GUAYAQUIL,  ECUADOR— Importers  of  drugs, 
chemicals  and  medicines  wishes  to  purchase 
supplies  in  these  lines.  Address  Box  L  767 
Pan  Pacific. 

COLON,  PANAMA — Party  wishes  prices  by  the 
ream  of  manufacturers  of  printing  paper, 
cover  paper,  press  board  and  cardboard.  Ad- 
dress Box  L  768  Pan  Pacific. 

GUAYMAS,  MEXICO— Business  man  wishes  to 
represent  in  Guaymas  American  packers  of 
canned  goods,  lard  and  manufacturers  of  gen- 
eral merchandise  Address  Box  L  769  Pan 
Pacific. 

HABANA,  CUBA— Established  firm  in  Habana 
desires  to  represent  manufacturers  and  ex- 
porters of  drugs,  textiles,  machinery,  hard- 
ware, paints,  drugs,  food  products  and  chem- 
ical  supplies.     Address   Box   770   Pan   Pacific. 

PARIS,  FRANCE— Party  in  Paris  wishes  to  rep- 
resent American  exporters  of  dried  fruits  and 
condensed  milk.     Address  Box  771  Pan  Pacific. 

VLADIVOSTOK— Well  established  firm  desirous 
of  extending  commercial  relations  In  United 
States.  Financial  references  on  file  this  office. 
In  market  for  shoes,  sole  leather,  tanning  ma- 
terials, waxes,  nails,  paper,  pencils,  coffee, 
pepper,  rice,  sugar,  soda,  dyes,  electric  im- 
plements, metals.  May  also  export  furs, 
beans,  seeds  and  other  Siberian  raw  materials. 
Correspondence  may  be  in  English.  Address 
Box  772  Pan  Pacific. 

MOSCOW — One  of  principal  tea  Importers  In 
Russia  desirous  of  extending  American  rela- 
tions for  selling  Siberian  raw  materials — 
wool,  hides  and  skins,  furs,  bristles  and  other 
raw  materials.  Branch  offices  of  this  com- 
pany in  China.  India  and  throughout  Russia 
and  Siberia.  In  correspondence  this  company 
requests  letters  in  English.  Financial  refer- 
ences on   file.     Address   Box   773   Pan  Pacific. 

VLADIVOSTOK  —  Established  firm  with 
branches  throughout  Russia  and  Siberia  wish 
to  establish  connections  in  United  States  to 
buy  electrical  machinery  and  implements, 
telephone  and  telegraph  supplies,  metal  and 
wood  working  machinery,  farming  implements, 
tanning  and  textile  machinery.  Address  Box 
774   Pan  Pacific. 


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FIELD  SEEDS 


FLOWER  SEEDS 


Backed  by  the  largest  seed  growers  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  and  the  interior 

1499  SUTTER  STREET 


HIGH  PURITY-STRONG  GERMINATION 
Correspondence  in  any  language 

ADRIAN   J.  SCHOORL 


We  solicit  your  inquires — spot 
or  future  shipments 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


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October    19  19 


245 


■mi hi nun mimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiimmiui Minn iniiiiniiimi miimimniiiimnmim iiniim mug         i""1"" " iiuiiiiiiiiin iimiiiii imiiiiiimiiiiiiii niiiiiiiimimiiiiiuiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiimimmmiiiimiiiiii'., 

|  THE  CHAS.  A.   BACON  CO.  |     (GENERAL    PAPER    CO. 

EXPORTERS,     IMPORTERS    AND     MANUFACTURERS 
REPRESENTATIVES 

417  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.S.A. 

CABLE  ADDRESS:  "CABCO"  Code  A   B  C— 5th   Edition 

What    do   you    wish    to   buy?    What   do   you   wish    to   sell? 

Write  or  cable  us  at  once.     We  have  unexcelled  facilities  for 

handling  your  entire  business;  selling,  buying  and  forwarding 

REFERENCES: 

Banca  Popolare  Fugazl  R.  G.  Dun  Mercantile  Agency     = 

iuiiniimlllHimiii iimimiimmii iiimiimiuiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiumiimiiii'i?- 


525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"   All   Codes 

Bank  Paper 

-awsar    paper        •■ 

San     Francisco  Representatives 

BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,  Portland,   Los  Angeles 

Dealers   in   News,   Book,   Writing,   Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and  Wrapping   Papers 

^iniiniiiiiniiiiniMniiiiiiMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiitiiitiiiiinniiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiniiiiiiMiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'1,11^ 


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BROKER 


BETWEEN 


AMERICA 
and  JAPAN 


We  SELL  Your  Goods  in  Japan 
ANYTHING 
Direct  Representation  in  the  Orient 
For   Further    Information    Address 


Western  Commercial  Co. 


We  BUY  Your  Goods  in  Japan 
ANY  AMOUNT 

300  WHOLESALE  TERMINAL  BLDG. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Cable  Address:  "WECO" 
^liilifPiiijrriiiiiiiiiritiiiijitMiiiiijiiijiiiiriiiiriiTriiiriirtiiiitijilfilMiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiifiiiniii»iMiiiiiFiiiriiJitiifnii iMiriiiiiijiiifritiiiiiiiiiiiii4fiflii[iiiiiiiiirijiriiirri]iiiiiiiiiiiiriiiliiiiii4j>litiliiiiiiiiiliriiiil«iiiiiiFiiirjMriiirriiiii)iriijiii4iiiiiriitrsiiiii«riiiiriirrijitiiiiiiiiMiiriiiiiiitiiiriiiiiiij  till  tin  jiutt  ^n^ 

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Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 

May   be   trusted  to  answer  inquiries 
promptly  and  frankly 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 

General  Insurance 


Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
"PROVEN  QUALITY" 


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AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-ENGINES -WAGONS- 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN   UNION 

^iiiiiiiiiiiiiHiilliiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii iiiMiiiiiiiiimiiiiimimimmii miiimimmmiiiiiimiiimiimiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiniiimiT. 


V 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

and. 

All  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT  I  CO. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  JOUTHWEST  - 

112  II8SO.LOSANGELEJ5T.L05ANGELES 


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I     MULTIGRAPHING        MIMEOGRAPHING     \ 

|    BRUCKMAN     | 

TRANSLATING  and 

TYPING     BUREAU 

=  = 

Experts  for  all  Languages 
525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 

1  a 

Telephone  Douglas  1316 


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§  1 

=  = 

Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co. 


CUSTOM  HOUSE  BROKERS 


U.    S.    BONDED    STORAGE 


I 


Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders  Weighing.  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Distributing,  Consolidating 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington  Branch  Offices:       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

"Sert'tce  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 

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246 


Pan  Pacific 


I'Niiiiiii 1 1  ill  piiiimiimii  mill I I  iiij  M'D iiitn  ii  mii  t  mii  Miiinii  j ti  ii  j !  ii  iiiiitriiitiMttiiitiii  I  iiixi  iif  iiiiiiiu  mi  into 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  >  1 1 1 1 1 •  ■  1 1  Jk  1 1 1  r  p  1 1 1 1 iiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiniiii limiliiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiMiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiillllliiiiiiiliililllllllllmif 

Cable  Address:   "ZELLERBACH"  All  Standard  Codes  Established  1869 

Zellerbach  Paper  Company 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 
NEW  YORK  CITY,  U.  S.  A. 

has  an  enlarged  Export  Department  and  will  furnish    samples   and   quotations   on  : 
PRINTING  PAPER  WRAPPING  PAPER  SOLID  FIBRE 

I      WRITING  PAPER  CARDBOARDS  SHIPPING  CASES 

I      PAPER  BOXES  TWINES  PAPER  TOWELS 

PULPS  PAPER  CONTAINERS  CORRUGATED  PRODUCTS 

ENVELOPES  MANUFACTURED  TO  ORDER 
and  everything  made  of  paper 
WE  OWN  AND  OPERATE  OUR  OWN  MILLS  AND  FACTORIES 
YOUR  CORRESPONDENCE  IS  INVITED 

-mi  linn  iiiiiii  in  iiiiiiiiii  iiMiiiiii  j iiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin iiiumiiiiiiimiiiiii ininiiiiiiii iiiiuni mmimiiimimillliiiiiiiiiimiimiimimimiiiiimilimmiiiiiimiimimimimimii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiini i mini mm! 

gMMMM mini miimiiiimiimiimmiiniimimimimiimimiimmiii inn imimimiimimimimiimiimii u|        Will immiiiiiimiiiiiimiimimimiiiiiimimimimiiiiiimiimii mm iiimni miimiiniimiiiiiiiiii i wmU 


C.  HENRY  SMITH 

= 

MAIN  OFFICE: 

j    311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 


EXPORT   AND    IMPORT 


All    Codes.     Code   Address:   CHENRYINC 

-rHimimiimiimimimimiimimiimimiimmiimimimiiiiiimimimiimimiimimmiimimiiiiiimiimimimimimiimiimimiimimimiiijl 

Ttriiiiiiiiiimiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiumimiiiiiimiimimiimmiiimimiimimii iimiimimmiiimmiimiimmiiiiiiimm: 


MOKAONOCK  8 LOO. 


Pacific  Coast 

United    States  of  America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 


The  100%  Club 

Arcade  Floor  Monadnock  Bldg, 


San  Francisco   i 


I    An  extemive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained   for  the  benefit  of    | 
;     buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

s  *  — 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is    I 
|     maintained.     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers. 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and  I 

I     merchants.     Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods  I 

|    and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public      All  are  leaders  in  | 
|    their  line. 

j     We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation.     | 

|     Business  connections  established.      Correspondence   invited   in   any   foreign     1 
|     language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE.  Sec.-Treas, 
«(i  t  tf  i  it  i  •«  i  1 1  f  i  f  i  rf  <  1 1 1<  1 1  ii  ti  ■■  m  pi  ■  mi  i  mi  tiriii  tif  1 1 1  n  1 1  m  if  p  1 1  ii  ■■  n  m  1 1  )i  >i  j  1 1  ii  ii  1 1  ill  i  r  m  i  it  1 1  m  1 1  ii  1 1  fi  1 1  it  1 1  ri  r  1 1  mi  1 1 1 1 1  m  ii  ii  i  mi  1 1  ii  1 1<  1 1 1  <m  ri  t )  i  ■  1 1 1 1  ii  >  ■  ii  1 1  ■■  1 1  r  iT; 


SHOES| 

Rubbers      Tennis 

Wholesale 

AH  Kinds 
All  Styles 

ROGERS 

SHOE  CO. 

135  BUSH  STREET      j 

San  Francisco 
119    LINCOLN    ST. 
Boston 
=  "Rcntipy  Cotfs  uspiI"       = 

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J i immiimimiimiimiiiiimmii iniiiiii iiiiiimiiiiimmiimi miiimiimimimtmni iiiiiimiimiiii wj 

I  SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import— Export  Merchants 

|    Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash .,  U .  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinlcee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 

TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 

|    SEATTLE.  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "Kelley" 
TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile  Machinery, 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail-' 
way  Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 

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October    19  19 

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247 

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CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pits.  J.  E.  PETERS,  Vicf-Prts.  CEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Secretary 


SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 


The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  f  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Kxport  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 


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MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  | 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO    = 


MATSON   NAVIGATION   CO. 

120  Market  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


\    SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET    I 


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i|  Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping  and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 

SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS    ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

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s  s 


Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's,  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.    C.   Smith    j 

Buildirig 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


'Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 


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P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

— Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485   California   Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 '  J 1 1 1 1  ( i :  1 1 1  :  i . , .ill;  :  I ! ;  -'  1 1 .  ■  1 1 1  r  ;  I ; .  1 1 1 : .  1 1 1 ,  ■  1 1 :  ■  ■  1 1 : .  M I .  ' :  ■  : :  i  - ! 1 1 , ,"  1 1 1  ^  1 1 1  1 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 1 1  >  1 1  r  r  ■  1 1 1 . 1 1 1  l ^  1 1 1 . 1 1  r ;  1 1  r )  i  1 1  ■ I J '  1 1 ;  1 1  r  I !  IJ  i  f  1 1  f  1 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1  ■ '  I  i  1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 '  J 1 1  ■  r  1 1 :  i !  1 1  r :  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . ,  1 1 1 ' ( ,  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1  ^  1 1 1 ! :  1 1  ■ "  ■  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1    1 1 1  ■  1 1 '  J < <  H I  ■  ■  i  1 1 ;  -  H 1 1  -  ■  1 1 1  ■  n 


248  Pan   Pacific 

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Cable  Address: — 

LAVAN.  VANCOUVER 

Codes: — 

A.  B.  C.  5th;  Bentleys;  Western 
Union. 


A.  K.  LAVAN  COMPANY 

207  Hastings  Street,  West,  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada 

EXPORTERS  AND  IMPORTERS 
SHIPPING  AND  COMMISSION 
MANUFACTURERS    AGENTS 


Inquiries  received  for  all   kinds   of 

merchandise. 
References: — 

Standard  Bank  of  Canada,  Bank 

of    Montreal,    (Bank  of  B.  N    A. 

Branch.) 


.-.mimimiimmillllllllimmiimimimimimiliiimmiiii i llllliliiiiiiiiiiiiimilliiiilliimit iiiiiniii minim i imimiinimilli miimimiimimiimmMiimiimiiiiimummimmllimi iiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ 

giiiimiiiiiimii iimiimiimmmiimimiimiimmumimimii i iiiiiiiimiimiiiiimiiimimiii miiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiir. 

|  F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO.,  Limited  l 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 


miimimimiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiimiMiiiiiilMiiiiiiiniiiiimimimiiMiiiiiimimiiiMiiiiiiiiiM iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiimii'i 

AIDS  TO  FOREIGN  TRADE 

Foreign  Lists.  Translating,  Catalogues.  Trade  Marks,  Advertising  Data 
Trade  Reports  Covering  MEXICO.  CENTRAL  and  SOUTH  AMERICA 
LATIV- AMERICAN  ADVERTISING  CO 
|     1120  Van  Nuys  Building                                                                   Los  Angeles.  Cal.      | 
Sum* imimimiiiiiiiiiimmiimimiimiiiiiniimii i mimimii iimimiiiiniinmmiiiiiii inn iiiiihiiiht 

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I  Herbert   W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  for  Quotations  | 

209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.    I 

n^iiHiimiMmitiiiiimiiimmiimmiiminmiiinimiiiiiiiiimiiiiim 
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I  PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

I  AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 

1     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     § 

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SHIP 
BROKERS 


STEAMSHIP     j 
AGENTS 


References: 
=     Metropolitan    Bank 
=      Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

BBNCO 
Codes:   A.  B.  C.  4 

W.  U.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 

205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

=      Freight    Forwarders  NEW    ORLEANS,    LA.  CorrpspondPiicP  Solicited 

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I    WHOLESALE  SEEDS  RETAIL    I 

GROWERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

Send  For  Our  Catalog 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  COMPANY 

I    LOS  ANGELES  CALIFORNIA    | 

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Bicycles,  Accessories  and  Parts;  Bicycle  Motor  Wheel 
Attachments;  Velocipedes:  Motorcycle  Parts  and  Accessor-       | 
I       ies.    Address  1 

PACIFIC  MOTOR  SUPPLY  CO. 
922  South  Main  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


|     Phone   Garfield   2241                                                               SAN    FRANCISCO     = 
— 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  t  1 1 1 1  r  m  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  1 1  r  1 1 1 1  r  ■  i  r  r  1 1 1  m mini minni milium iimiiiiiiiiiiiii i iimiiiiiiimimiimiimiimf. 

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A.  J.  £r  J.  R.  COOK 

LEATHEK 

Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and  T"*or  **■* 

Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 


Cable  Address  ;   "  Cookbro,"  San  Francisco 

743  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

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BOOTHS 

CRESCENT 
RAND 


Sardines 


F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND — 

Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


■ 
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s  =  =  = 

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Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


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W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


Seattle 
Los  Angeles 
New  Orleans 


AGENCIES: 
Peru  Costa  Rica 

Guatemala  Nicaragua 

Salvador  Chile 


Panama 
Ecuador 
Bolivia 


General  Agents 


JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments   from   Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


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■™§§5*l§i 


ssfps 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

.SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


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METRIC  UNITS  TO  UNITE  WORLD 


Edited  By  John  H.  Gerrie 


1 


'roblems  in  Commence  With  Chum 
Trade  Survey  of  South  America 
Siberia  Awaiting  American  Goods 


m* 

.*?: 


Dr.  E.  J.  Williams,  J.  W.  Sanger,  Oscar  E.  Riley,  Clarence  E.  Bosworth 

,.     F.  Eugene  Ackerman 


A  MAGAZINES  INTERNATIONAL   COMMERCE 


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Java-China- Japan  Lijn 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 

BETWEEN 

San  Francisco 

AND 

Netherlands  East  Indies 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  ^^  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2   Pine  Street,  San   Francisco 

^, , u „ u „ mii a u. ■ »i milium i ■ I ■ » ■ « » "■ "» «m  tm u " m i ■ I minimi u ui 


November    19  19 


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Cable  Address:  —^    _  _  -  Code  Used: 

Llewellyn  —         "«  T    |WT  3    #T-     H   »  A.  B.C. 

Lo«  Angeles,  «  B  ^f        I  Al  ■  "%      I        I     l\  I  W  5t"    Edition 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


i    = 

Hammered  Steel 


SHOES 

and 

DIES 


CAST  STEEL 

SHOES 

and 

DIES 


Rolling  Mill  Products  KS^ 


HEAVY 

and 

LIGHT 

Forgings 

Of 
Every 
Descrip- 
tion 


HEAVY 

and 

LIGHT 
Steel  or 
Grey  Iron 

Castings 

Of 

Every 

Description 


z  = 

I  Structural  Steel  Engineers  &  Fabricators  | 

MILL  BUILDINGS— STEEL  STRUCTURES— TOWERS— TANKS  — RIVETED  PIPE— HEMISPHERICAL 
BOTTOM  TANKS  AND  TOWERS— FORGE  SHOP— FOUNDRY— MACHINE  SHOP 

i"u"ulul Iliimniiimiiiiiimiiiiii i miiniimiiiiiimimimiimiiimiiiimimiiiiim mini i uiiiininMiiMiiiiiiiMiiMiiiMiiiiiiiitiiiiiMriiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiriijrtntiinirniMMiniiiMiitiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiiiimiuiiiuuMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMMiNiiitniHiiiMiiifiiiiiiiiiiiii ml 


Pan   Pacific 


^linillllllllllunillllllllMIIMIIMIIMIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIUMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMinilllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIinilllL- 


HOTEL 
WHITCOMB 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

One  of  a  group  of  magnificent  public  build] 
ings  at  the  Civic  Center  of  California's  metro- 
polis, within  a  few  minutes  walk  of  theater, 
business  and  shopping  districts. 

The  Whitcomb  makes  a  specialty  of  cuisine, 
serving  either  la  carte  or  special  breakfasts, 
luncheons  and  dinners.  Afternoon  tea  in  the 
beautiful  Sun  Lounge. 

A  telegram  or  wireless  at  our  expense  brings 
the  Whitcomb  representatives  to  the  steamer. 
Whitcomb  bus  meets  all  steamers. 

Rates  for  Room  and  Bath  from  $2.50  a  day 
J.  H.  VAN  HORNE,  Manager 


giiMiiiiiimiiMiiuiminiiimiiiiiiniMiiMiiiiHiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiciiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii- 

£ Ill IIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I Illlllllllllllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIimilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Illlllll Illllllllllllllllllllllll£ 


j^    £  Study  r-p 


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— under  personal  instruction  of  inter- 
national experts — greatest  course  in 
Foreign  Trade  ever  offered  on  the 
Pacific  Coast — most  practical  and 
thorough — will  teach  you  the  busi- 
ness of  Foreign  Trade — how  to  get 
into  it — how  to  carry  it  on — how  to 
succeed  at  it — no  one  interested,  or 
likely  to  be,  in  Foreign  Trade  can 
afford  to  miss  this  course. 

Send  us  your  name  and  address,  and 
full  information  regarding  this  Course 
will  come  right  back. 

BUTLER  SCHOOL  OF  COMMERCE 

New  Call  Bldg.    Next  to  Palace  Hotel 
on  New  Montgomery  Street 


mi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiii|| 


Standard  Products  Co.I  [GLASSWARE! 


Asiatic— Import  and  Export 
I  Head  Office  260  California  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Representatives  of 
AMERICAN  MANUFACTURERS 


(FOR  TABLE  AND  SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 
DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 
(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    | 
catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language)    [ 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.   Knowles  China  Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 


618  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  TJ.  S.  A.   f 


Importers  of 

Raw  Materials  and  Food  Products  from  China 

and  the  Phillipines 


.Tmhmimiiiiimiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiu; 


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1    Standard  Products  Company 
14  Canton  Road 
Shanghai,  China 


Standard  Products  Company 
15  Plaza  Goiti 
Manila.  P.  I. 


Associate  Company 
Hong  Kong  Mercantile  Company,  Hong  Kong,  China 

^iiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiitinifi. 


Murry  Jacobs 

Jacobs  &  Gile 

DIRECT  MILL  REPRESENTATIVES 

IRON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Cast  Iron  Water  Pipe 
Hydrants  and  Valves 


|    Railway  Exchange  Building 
Portland,  Oregon 


L.  C.  Smith  Building    | 
Seattle,  Washington    | 


niiiiiiiiu iiiiiiiiiiiinii inimiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiini imimiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimini u miiiiimiinS 


November    19  19  3 

^jiii  ti  riii  j[iiriiiiit:iiitiiiiiiiiii>tiiijiiiMiit!iiiiiirtiiiitiMMiiitiiitnii[iiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiirti  tun  tiiiiiiti  Miiiiiiiiiitiiit:iiiiiiiriiMtiiiii ill  iiiiit  1 1111 1  iim  i  ill  iiiiii  mi  iininillllti  illirilJlinniimimii  i  mi  nllillii  m  in  mil  inn  11  mi  1111 1  mi  i  irri  i  un  i  iti  m  >u  i  turn  inn  nr  i  nit  i  uti  i  urn  in nut  i  uti  i  mi  1 1111 1  in  1 1  in  ^ 

MANUFACTURERS  and  WHOLESALE  DEALERS 
1  of  GOOD  SHOES  ONLY;  Since  1885 

WE  CARRY  IN  STOCK  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 
ALL  STYLES  AND  GRADES  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— BOYS— CHILDRENS— INFANTS 
SLIPPERS,  LOW  SHOES  and  BOOTS 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  YOU  CHARGES  PREPAID 
JN  0  1  311   L  H  N  OllOC  VrfO.    San  Francisco.  Calif..    «J.  d.  A.    Nesc0)  fientleys  Code 


iiimimmiiimimiimiimimimimimimimmiimimimMmiimiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiimimiimimiimiimiii 


San  Francisco,  Calif. 

iiuiiiiiimiiiii 


Regulation  U.  S.  Army  Shoe 

In  Black,  Brown,  White  Elk  Leathers 

All  Sizes  and  Widths  in  Stock 


imiiimiimimiiiiimiimmmiimimiiimmimm iiimmiiiiimimiimimimmmmimimimiimimimimiimimiiiiniiiimiimimimiif; 


l|llllIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIHtlltllllllllllltlll!IIIIIIIIMiniltlllllllllltlllllllUIIIIIIUIIIIIIIUIUMIIIIII!lllt!lllllltllltlllllllllllltllltllltllltllllllllll!lllllllll!= 


I    Parent  Company 
I    Established  1857 


Resources  Over 
$1,000,000 


1    Associated  Manufacturers    I 
Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers'  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Table  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 

All  Codes 

I  871   Market   Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,   U.   S.   A.   ! 

^mmmiimiimimiimimimiimimimimimiimmiimiMiimmiimiiMiimiiiiiimiiiiimiimimimimimiiiiimimimimimiimimiimmiim/r 


in. i i 


■■■ 


Best  for  Export 

We  give  special  care  in  the  filling  of  orders 
for  our  foreign  trade  that  each  piece  of 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 
Sole  Leather 

shall  live  up  to  its  high  standard.  The 
export  trade  demands  the  best — that  is 
why  our  foreign  shipments  are  so  large. 


OF  REAL  LEATHER 


New  York         San  Francisco         Chicago 


I"""1" nnmiimimiiniimiii niiiiiiiiiiiniininr iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinniin inn ii iiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiitmiiiiimmiiiiiiimiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiinii i minim n imiiiiiniiiiiiimiiiiii mm mi uiiiiiiiiiiimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiic- 


"WORLD-WlDE 

Charterers" 


Agencies  In  All 
Principal  Ports 


•Htuwrirai  gripping  &  drafting  (Em 

SHIPOWNERS,  SHIP  BROKERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

"vegetable  Oils,  Rice,  Peanuts         MARINE  CARGO  SURVEYORS  AND  APPRAISERS 


Australian  Skins,  Gums,  Rubber 
Menthol,  Camphor,  Etc. 

EXPORTS 

Canned  Salmon,  Dyes,  Steel  and  Steel 
Products,  Paints,  Ducks  and  Sail  Cloth. 


HEAD  OFFICE:  ALASKA  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 
Branch  Office:  149  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 

Cable  Addresses:  "Usatco"  Seattle.    "Unshipstrad"  New  York 


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^'iiiiimiiimimitimtiiitiiiitiiiitiiiiiimiiiiiiitiiiiiitiiimiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiimtiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii n iimiMiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimimiiiiimiitiiiii; 

=  = 

CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI  EDWARD   P.   BARRY     j 

Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 
§   Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast   | 
Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books       | 
Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 

jiiillllliillltllllilltllllllliiiiiiliiliivllilillliiiiiiiiMlflllllllillllllitiiiillllllililiuiliiiliniiiilllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfiliiiiiiiiiiiiitilitin 


Pan    Pacific 

'jiilllllllliMiliniiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiMliillililiMiHllliiniilllllllillliillilllinilllillillililllMllllllllllillililllMiiiillliliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiinti 

3  5 

I INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY  | 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


PRINTERS 

STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet   Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment 

Office   Furniture 

Loose   Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


|  INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY  | 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iimimimiimiiuiimiiiiiiii mum mini inn i mm mm mi iiiiiniimiii i immimimrc 


g/'iiimmimiimi mn iiiii minimi i imimii imimi mimimimimimi i mi imiiiii imiiniimiiiiiiiiiiimniiiiiiiiii inmii niimiiiiiimii i miiiiiinii mum u miiiiiimiimiiiim| 


Contractors  to  Governments 
Municipalities,  Manufacturers,  Etc. 

Hardware,  Metals  and  Sundries 
Suppliers  of  Engineering,  Naval  and 

Marine  Stores 

Representatives  of  Manufacturers 

Purchasing,  Selling  and  Commission 

Agents 


W.  Z.  Zee  &  Sons 

(ZUNG  LEE  &  SONS,  ESTABLISHED  1895) 

A1299  Broadway,  Shanghai 


Telephones: 
N.  1468  and  N.  196 

Cable  Address: 
ZUNGLEE"  SHANGHAI 


n miimiiiiimiimiiiiiimimimiiiiiimi imimii iimmimii iiiiiiiiimimimii mn i iiimmiimiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiitMiiiiiimiimtmimimiimimimimiimmiimiiii iiimiii iiiiiiiiiimiiiiMiiimimiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii mini ma 


IMNIINIINNNNINNNNINIINNNNNNNNIININIINNNNIINtlNINNNNNNI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  M I  >M  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 1 !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 1 H 1 1 1 II I .'Ill 1 1 !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1  >!  1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I  MM  I I  Mil  MM 1 1 1  INI  I I 1 1 1 IIMMIM I Illtllllllllj! 


El  ELD  SEEDS 


FLOWER  SEEDS 


Backed  by  the  largest  seed  growers  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  and  the  interior 


HIGH  PURITY— STRONG  GERMINATION 


Correspondence  in  any  language 
1499  SUTTER  STREET  ADRIAN    J.  SCHOORL 

?liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiuiui ijiiiMii:iiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiMii>iiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:iiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiunii inn iiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiii in mlllllimiiiiiiiilimiliiiimiilillilliimimllimii nliiiilii u7 


We  solicit  your  inquires — spot 
or  future  shipments 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


^■iiimiiiiiiiiiiii:iiiiiii ii I iiiniiiiiilliiiiiiiiliniiiiiiiliilli liilllilinilillltlllillllllllin Ill ll lllllllllllliiiiMiiiuillllllllir iiiiilini (iiiiiiiililltiniliill niiiiiiikiiiiiiiiiiim ninniiii i  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiniiii nil  in  nun  iiiiiini  mm  n itinrn Htilllg 

Machinery    Broker     JOHN    C.  EPPERSON     Manufacturers  Agent 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT 

411   CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE  BLDG. 
Los  Angeles,  California. 

I  specialize  in  Iudustrial  Plants,  and  can  supply  complete  equipment  for  all  kinds  of  Construction  and  Manufacturing,  such  as 
Bock  Crushing,  Concrete  Mixing,  Drilling,  Pumping  and  Mining  Machinery,  Canneries,  Sugar,  Feed,  Flour  and  Knitting  Mills, 
etc.,  etc.    Your  correspondence  solicited  if  you  wish  to  buy  or  sell  Machinery. 

•Hiiiiiiimiiiiiiimimiimiiiiiimimiiiiiimimiimiiiiimiummimiiii nniniiniiniinminiiniiininniimimniniiiin mi nniiniiiniininmiininiiniiniiniiniinminiiimiiiiinnniiiininiiiiiiinmiininiiiniiniiiniiniiiiiiinniniinmniinninniniiiiinninnninni iimimiiimiiiinmiiiiiR 


N  ovember    19  19 


wnuiiiu iiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiii iiiiinmiiiiii imiiiii mmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiMimiiiiliiiiiiiiiimiliiiiillimimiiiiimimiiiiiimimti         jjllllllillilililliiiiii iiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiii^ 


SHOES 

MEN'S,  LADIES*  AND 
CHILDREN'S 
SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES    j 
AU  BBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES    § 

on  hand  for  immediate  shipment 


I  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  I 

Shoes  Wholesale 

I   216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.    1 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Bentley  Code 

^NnillllltlltNlllllllMIINIIIIIIinilUIIUIIIIIIinililllllllllllUllllllltlllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIHIIUIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIMIllllUIIUIinilUIIIHI^ 


BLACK  BEAR  GREASES 

Cup,  Transmission,  Axle,  Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL   INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 

715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A. 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.  Luna  Binondo,  Manila, 
P.  I.— P.  M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.— 
P.   LAFARGUE,   Casilla  308,   Valparaiso,   Chile 

rritlllllltlllltJILIIIlIlllllltllllllltlllll IIIllllJlltllllflllLllllIIKI ttllltlllllllillDllltllllllllllllillllMIIIIIIllllJl LIlirttllltllltMIMIIItltlllllllftl.^ 


>L 


35 


«K 


Hydraulic  and  Power  Tools 
and  Special  Machinery  for 

Ship  Yards 

Railroad  Shops 

Structural  Plants 

Rubber  Mfg.  Works 

Sugar  and  Chocolate  Mills 

Cotton  Shippers,  Etc.,  Etc. 


Flanging  Presses,  Forging  Presses,  Riveters,  Plate  Benders,  Bulldozers,  Punches,  Shears, 
Angle  and  Beam  Benders,  Joggling  Presses,  Wheel  Forcing  Presses,  Steam  Platen  Presses, 
Solid  and  Pneumatic  Tire  Heater  Presses,  Bead  Presses,  Extrusion  Presses,  Salt  Briquetting 
Presses,  Sugar  Rolls,  Cocoa  Presses,  Cotton  Compresses,  Etc.,  Etc. 


0 


Descriptive  Circulars  Sent  Upon  Request 

SOUTHWARK  FOUNDRY  &  MACHINE  CO. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PENNSYLVANIA  U.  S.  A. 


inmiiimimilllllimi II illiiini nillililimimiii mini : r r  1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 m  1 1  ■ !  1 1  r  1 1 1  n  I :  i  ■  i ; :  I : :   1 1 .  ;  1 1  r  1 1 1 ' : 1 :  1 1 1 1  ■  1 1  ■  ■  1 1 1 : 1 1 1  ■ :  1 1   1 1  ■ ■  1 1 :  ■ ;  m   1 1  ■  1 1  ■  1 1 1   i : :  ■ ;  i  ■  1 1  ■ ■  i :  i  ■  1 1 ;  1 1 1  ■  1 1 : , !  1 1  r  1 1 1 1  •  1 1 1 : !  I  r ■  1 1  ■  :  i . .  1 1 1   :  i .  i ; iiijiiiiiiiiiimiih: 


Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABAYA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'   REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable   Address:   "INTRACO" 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   5th  Edition 


Import    Products  of  all 

Countries    where    we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

=  = 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:     SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

jiimiiiiiimHiimiiimiimiimiimiiimimiiiiJimiiimmiimimiiiimm 


6  P  an  P  a  cif  i  c 

3» iiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii imimiiiiimiiliiimimimimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiimimij        i.i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1  u  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1 1  j  i  u  1 1 1 1 1 mmimiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiihiii i inn iimiiiiiiiiiimiiig 


I  SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

I   Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

=: 

Cable  Addresses: 
1    SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "  Kelley  " 
TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


Rothwell  &  Co.  inc. 

420  Alaska  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 


97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517 
New  York  Havana,  Cuba 

404  Insurance  Exchange 

San  Francisco 


Kobe 

Japan 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

|  Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile  Machinery 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,    Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


IMPORTS: 

China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame    Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 


EXPORTS: 

Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye- 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


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lYARROWS   Ltd. 

VICTORIA,  B.  C 

j  Associated  with  YARROW  &  CO.  LTD.,  Glasgow 

SHIPBUILDERS 

ENGINEERS 

SHIP  REPAIRERS 

IRON  AND  BRASS  FOUNDERS 

Modern  facilities  for  quicK  despatch  of  repairs  to  both  steel  and  wooden  vessels 


Marine  Railway 
315  ft.  Long,  3,000  Tons  D.  W.  Capacity 

Esquimau  Dry  Dock 
480  ft.  x  65  ft. 

ADDRESS  FOR  LETTERS 

P.  O.  BOX,  No.  1595 

VICTORIA,  B.C. 


TELEGRAMS  AND  CABLES 

"YARROWS 

VICTORIA" 


Si»iiii>>iiii>lll'*>iiiiiiii>iiiiiii>t<iitlllll<llltllllllllllllll<illtiiiillilliliiiiitiintiiltiiiJliiiliii  iiiiiliiiiriiiiMiiiiiiiriiiriijriiiJiiiiiltiijriiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiriiJilllrlllllllllllllfliirijiilliilillllllillMlilliitfiiiiciiiitilllciiiiiiiTMiiiJ Ilillillllllilliill iimiiiiiilllllllllllillllllllllllimilllllllllllimilllllllllllir- 


November    19  19  ? 

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PLANTING  THE 
FLAG  OF  THE 
ADMIRAL     LINE 
IN  THE  ORIENT 


L.  Dinkelspiel  Company 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,   CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


Linens  —    | 


DRY  GOODS 


Trans-Pacific  Freight  and 
Passenger  Service 

Sailing  from  Seattle  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  CO. 

Fifth  Floor  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
112  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco        8  BRIDGE  ST.,  New  York        = 
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FURNISHING 
GOODS 


NOTIONS  and 
FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    ! 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    | 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and  Flannelettes  —  Ticks    | 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's  | 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —  | 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —    I 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions  I 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

I    Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages    j 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNLD" 
I  I 

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PURNELL  &  PAGET  I  I  NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


ARCHITECTS    and 
CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

Chas.  S.  Paget,  AS.  M.  AM.  S.  C.  E. 

Investigations — Inspections 

Reports  and  Valuations 

Design  and  Supervision  of  Construction 

for  Industrial  Plants  and  Buildings 
Power  Plants 
Difficult  Foundations 
Bridges  and  Steel  Structures 
Wharf  and  Dock  Construction 
River  and  Harbor  Works 
Investigation  and  Development  of 

Mining  Properties. 

Established  in  China  16  Years. 


(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head  Office,   Tokyo 


H 

£f_/j  ^ 

i 

gjSu? 

»-i'^^ 

W^*" 

Fleet  99 — Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE  | 

Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports,   j 
Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 
All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

Greatly   Improved    Fast    Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern     | 
Twin  and   Triple   Screw   Steamships   with   Unequaled 
Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT: 


OFFICES : 
Missions  Building,  The  Bund,  Canton,  China 
Paak  Hok  Tung-Canton,  Swatow,  China 
American  National  Bank  Bldg. ,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telegraphic   Address  "PANEL"    Western    Union    Code, 
A.B.C.  5th  Edition 

Sunn iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiii i miH 


S.  S.   Katori   Maru 19,200  tons 

S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

S.  S.   Kamo   Maru 16,000  tons 


S.    S.    Suwa    Maru 21, 020  tons 

S.   S.    Fushlmi    Maru.  ..21,020  tons 
S.   S.    Kashima    Maru   19,200  tons 

For  further  information,  rates,  tickets,  berth  reservation,  etc., 
apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  in  the  United  States 
and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs. 
Kaymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist 
agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


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We  are  seeking  new 
business  on  our  record 


Original  Capital,  1884  $        300,000 

Increase  of  Capital  from 

Earnings         -         -  2,700,000 

Present  Surplus  and  Profits     10,000,000 
Dividends  paid  1844-1919      25,500,000 


dljemtral  National  Sank 

of  New  fork 


_ :  1 1  i  - :  I  i  ■ :  1 1 1  ■ :  I : ;  1 1 1  ■ !  I ;  ■ !  1 1  ■  1 1  r ;  t  r  f  ■  IT  1 1 1  IP  I  [  I  rl  1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1  f  1 1 1  n  f  1  [  1 1  n  I  n  1 1  f  <  1 1 1 ! ;  1 1 1  i  I  >  i  1  .■ ;  1 1 1 '  i :  I ! :  ■  I : :  ;  I  ■!■:!:   : :  ■  :  I lllllllllllKg 

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Pan  Pacific 

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November    19  19 


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^lltllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIL 

:1      NOVEMBER,  1919 
No.  1 


=  'iiMiimimi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin iiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiii>iiiiiiiiiiiimimiimii'.'|l 


Siiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiimtiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiiinimui," 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 


ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

B.  A.  McKelvie  Vancouver,  B.   C. 

Jui.fi  G.   Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas   India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich   Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL,  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
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Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
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Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618  Mission   Street,  San    Francisco 


Circulation  of  This  Number  13,000  Copies 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

Problems  in  Trade  With  China  Dr.  E.  T.  Williams  11 

Abundant  Activities  of  Japan  Oscar  E.  Riley  13 

Australia  Ranks  With  Big  Nations 1U 

Siberia  Ready  For  American  Trade Russian-American  Committee  15 

Sole  Agency  Best  in  Chinese  Trade 

Far  Eastern  Division,  Bureau  of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce  .16 

Trade  Survey  of  South  America... . J.  W.  Sanger  17 

Coffee  Shortage  Feared  For  Brazil 22 

Defense  of  Metric  Movement ; 23 

United  States  Ideas  Invade  Far  East Clarence  E.  Bosworth 2U 

South  American  Orders  Neglected F.  Eugene  Ackerman  26 

Tungsten  Industry  of  Siam 27 

Big  Rush  Expected  to  South ..' 27 


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10  Pan  Pacific 

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iVovemier    19  19 


IT 


sPanP 


a    magazine    o 

international  commen 


B^unmi 


nramnn 


Problems  in  Trade  with  China 

Tremendous  Field  Is  Offered  For  American  Capital,  Enterprise    and    Trade,    But 

Some  Difficulties  Must  First   Be  Surmounted 


"  I  "*  0     discuss     problems     connected 

■*-  with  foreign  trade  in  China,  of 
course,  we  must  know  something  about 
the  conditions  which  obtain  in  China — 
that  is,  commercial  conditions.  War 
disturbs  commerce  and  creates  ab- 
normal conditions.  The  world  never 
goes  back  after  a  war  to  the  exact 
conditions  which  prevailed  before  the 
war. 

For  instance,  in  ancient  times  there 
was  a  very  interesting  trade  between 
China  and  the  Roman  Empire  carried 
jOver  the  land  route  through  Central 
Asia  and  through  Parthia. 

When  the  Romans  in  the  time  of 
Marcus  Aurelius  Antoninus  made  war 
•on  the  Parthians  and  defeated  them, 
■this  trade  route  through  Parthia  was 
cut  off  and  the  silk  and  iron  desired 
by  Rome  could  not  come  from  China 
nor  the  glassware  and  jewels  which 
China  wanted,  be  sent  across  by  the 
Woman  merchants. 

Trade  Agents  Sent 
To  Find  New  Routes 
!  They  went  down  the  Persian  Gulf 
in  Indian  vessels  through  the  Malacca 
Straits  to  Siam  and  Cochin  China,  and 
thence  up  into  Southwestern  China 
and  to  Nanking. 

Afterwards  when  Mohammedanism 
swept  over  Western  Asia  the  Arabs 
Same  into  control  of  this  sea  route 
for  a  long  time.  The  trade  between 
China  and  the  Roman  Empire  was  in 
the  hands  of  the  Arabs  for  800  years. 
1  When  the  Mongols  established  them- 
selves in  India,  China  and  Persia, 
peace  prevailed  throughout  Asia  and 
Vie  trade  route  was  through  central 
Asia  to  Constantinople.  Venice  and 
Genoa  contested  for  that  trade. 

Later  the  Turks  broke  up  that  trade 
route.  Turkey  has  always  been  a  hand- 
icap rather  than  a  help  to  commerce 
md   civilization. 

Genoa  sought  a  trade  route  through 
Icre  and  Palmyra.  Venice  was  per- 
mitted by  the  Pope  to  enter  into  an 
alliance  with  the  Arabs  and  her  trade 
went  across  the  Isthmus  of  Suez. 

Peter  the  Great  said  that  the  na- 
tion which  controlled  the  trade  with 


By  DR.  E.  T.  WILLIAMS 
Professor      of      Oriental      Languages, 

University  of  California   

— o— 
China   would    control    the    markets    of 
the  world. 

For  a  long  time  "Venice  controlled 
the  markets  of  Europe.  Then  the 
scepter  passed  to  Amsterdam.  After 
the  Napoleonic  wars  again  there  was 
a  great  economic  change  and  financial 
control  passed  to  London.  After  this 
great  war  which  is  just  coming  to  a 
close,  that  financial  scepter  seems  to 
be  passing  to  the  United  States  of 
America.  But  although  we  are  the 
great  creditor  nation  of  the  world  to- 
day it  doesn't  follow  that  unless  we 
make    proper    endeavors   we    shall    be 


New  Commerce  Chamber 

There  has  been  formed  in  Shanghai 
a  new  chamber  of  commerce  which, 
upon  its  organization,  enrolled  2,700 
Chinese  firms,  and  to  this  list  it  ex- 
pects to  add  10,000  more  members. 
While  these  organizations,  which  are 
composed  of  smaU  retail  firms,  give  the 
impression  of  being  unions  of  shop 
keepers,  rather  than  chambers  of  com- 
merce in  the  Western  sense,  their  in- 
fluence on  political  and  commercial  life 
is,  nevertheless,  likely  to  be  very 
great. 


able  to  control  the  trade  of  the  Far 
East.  We  have,  however,  made  great 
progress  during  the  last  few  years. 

I  want  to  call  attention  to  a  few  of 
the  changes  which  have  been  wrought 
during  the  war.  These  changes  were 
brought  about  principally  by  three 
things : 

First,  by  the  lack  of  shipping  fa- 
cilities so  that  the  more  bulky  prod- 
ucts couldn't  find  cargo  space.  Some 
lines  of  trade  were  almost  broken  up 
for  a  time. 

Secondly,  the  high  prices  through- 
out the  world,  due  to  the  war.  This  led 
the  Chinese  to  the  substitution  of 
Chinese  for  foreign  articles.  They  went 
back,  in  fact,  to  the  old  articles  they 
were  wont  to  use  before  Western 
^ares  were  introduced. 

When  I  first  went  to  the  interior 
of    China    and    put    up    at    the    inns 


where  caravans  usually  stopped  over 
night,  the  only  lamp  in  use  was  a 
little  cup  something  like  the  old  Rom- 
ans used  (resembling  a  gravy  bowl) 
filled  with  bean  oil  and  having  a  pith 
wick.  That  was  the  only  light  we  had 
in  the  interior  of  China.  Now  since 
the  high  price  of  kerosene  has  been 
brought  on  by  the  war,  a  great  many 
of  the  Chinese  in  the  interior  have  gone 
back  to  these  lamps. 

When  I  was  a  boy  I  wore  nankeen 
trousers  and  waists.  We  bought  cot- 
ton goods  from  China  in  the  past  be- 
cause the  Chinese  could  make  these 
goods  cheaper  than  we  could,  and  it 
wasn't  until  after  the  invention  of  the 
cotton  gin  that  we  began  to  sell  cot- 
ton cloth  to  China. 

Chinese  Have  Reverted 
To    Primitive    Methods 

One  of  the  substitutes  brought  about 
by  the  war  was  that  the  Chinese  went 
back  to  the  wearing  of  this  old  cotton 
nankeen.  It  is  strong  but  narrow. 
Thus  high  prices  was  one  of  the  causes 
of  great  changes. 

The  third  cause  was  found  in  the 
regulations  of  the  belligerent  powers 
which  forbade  the  introduction  of  a 
great  many  luxuries  into  their  coun- 
tries in  order  to  reserve  cargo  space 
for  necessities. 

The  Japanese  have  improved  their 
cotton  importation  into  China  during 
the  war.  We  cannot  blame  them  for 
taking  advantage  of  the  opportunity 
they  had — the  short  haul,  cheap  labor, 
and  our  lack  of  shipping  and  Great 
Britain's  lack  of  shipping  and  men. 
We  were  not  able  to  supply  the  de- 
mand so  Japan  stepped  into  the 
breach. 

The  question  is,  can  we  recover 
our  share  of  this  great  and  import- 
ant piece  goods  trade?  I  don't  know; 
but  I  would  like  to  point  out  this: 

Before  1915  we  controlled  practic- 
ally the  cotton  piece  goods  trade  of 
Manchuria.  We  produced  a  strong  drill 
greatly  in  demand  in  the  northern 
provinces  of  China,  where  it  is  cold. 

This  market  at  the  close  of  the 
Russian-Japanese  war  passed  into  the 
control   of  Japan  because   during  the 


12 


Pan  P  acifit 


war  they  had  been  in  absolute  con- 
trol of  the  province  under  martial 
law  and  only  Japanese  traders  got 
into  the  country.  After  the  war  they 
took  over  the  South  Manchuria  Rail- 
way and  while  nominally  it  is  open 
to  all,  the  Japanese  were  in  a  favored 
position.  They  had  the  short  haul, 
cheap  labor,  and  two  or  three  years  to 
get  acquainted  with  the  market  and 
supplies.  Moreover,  the  companies 
dealing  in  cotton  goods  have  their 
own  shipping,  which  is  always  ready 
to  take  a  return  cargo.  Thus  the 
cotton  goods  trade  with-  the  United 
States  in  Manchuria  is  practically  dead 
— killed  by  Japanese  competition. 

The  Japanese  are  in  a  somewhat 
similar  position  now  except  for  the 
boycott.  The  boycott  no  doubt  for  a 
time  at  least  will  check  the  sale  of 
piece  goods  from  Japan  in  China.  But 
whether  the  boycott  will  continue  is  a 
problem.  They  have  had  boycotts  in 
the  past  which  have  lasted  perhaps 
a  few  months.  Then  the  Chinese  have 
become  tired  of  it  and  the  boycott  has 
come  to  an  end.  We  still  have  to 
reckon  with  the  fact  that  the  Chinese 
and  the  Japanese  have  the  cotton  and 
that  the  Japanese  have  the  short  haul 
and  the  cheap  labor  and  are  continu- 
ally improving  the  skill  of  their  labor 
and  the  quality  of  their  goods,  while 
we  have  the  long  haul  and  the  high 
cost  of  production  as  a  handicap. 

That  is  not  the  only  handicap.  China 
has  been  a  producer  of  cotton  goods 
for  a  great  many  years — since  1000 
A.  D. — and  for  the  past  40  years  she 
has  been  a  producer  of  cotton  piece 
goods  by  the  aid  of  foreign  machinery. 
They  have  introduced  foreign  cotton 
mills  into  China. 

War  Has  Stimulated 
Production  of  Goods 

As  a  result  of  the  war  this  produc- 
tion of  piece  goods  in  China  by  for- 
eign machinery  has  been  greatly 
stimulated.  In  1917  China  bought  a 
million  and  over  two  hundred  thou- 
sand taels  worth  of  cotton  textile  ma- 
chinery. Strange  to  say,  we  didn't 
supply  any  of  consequence  of  that  ma- 
chinery. The  British,  although  at  war, 
supplied  669,000  taels  and  Canada 
230,000  taels'  worth.  About  eight- 
tenths  of  the  amount  was  supplied  by 
Great  Britain  and  Canada.  We  sup- 
plied a  paltry  15,000  taels'  worth. 

There  is  a  reason  for  that,  of  course. 
The  cotton  mills  in  China  are  largely 
financed  by  British  capital,  and  the 
superintendents  are  British.  Naturally, 
the  capitalists  and  superintendents 
who  manage  the  mills  will  turn  to 
their  own  country  for  the  machinery 
with  which  they  are  familiar  and  will 
favor  their  own  nation.  That  is  really 
the  explanation  of  that  particular  sit- 
uation. 

There  are  at  present  over  a  million 
ind  a  half  spindles  in  the  cotton  fac- 
tories of  China  and  some  7,000  looms. 


Their  cotton  is  short  staple  so  they 
buy  a  great  deal  of  foreign  cotton 
yarn,  and  although  we  have  long 
staple  cotton  and  manufacture  a  great 
deal  of  yarn,  we  sell  scarcely  any  to 
these  cotton  mills.  About  two-thirds 
of  the  trade  goes  to  Japan  and  one- 
third  to  India,  due  probably  to  the 
cheaper  labor  and  shorter  haul.  This 
manufacture  of  cotton  goods  in  China 
undoubtedly  is  going  to  increase  in 
the  future. 

Before  the  War  Treaties 
Enter  Into  the  Situation 

There  is  another  thing  we  have  to 
contend  with  in  considering  the  res- 
toration of  our  portion  of  this  trade  to 
the  United  States.  The  treaties  of 
1902  with  Great  Britain  and  1903  with 
the  United  States  provided  in  Article 
Four  of  our  treaty,  that  machine- 
made  cotton  yarn  and  machine-woven 
cotton  goods  manufactured  in  China 
should,  after  they  paid  the  local  taxes, 
have  a  rebate  of  all  the  import  duties 
on  the  cotton  and  cotton  yarn  and  two- 
thirds  of  the  import  sur-tax,  and,  if 
Chinese  grown  cotton  is  used,  should 


One  of  the  chief  items  of  trade  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  China 
has  been  cotton  piece  goods.  What 
has  been  the  effect  of  the  war  upon 
this  trade? 

Here  are  figures  which  will  show 
that   effect : 

Grey  Shirtings                          1913  1917 

Pieces  Pieces 

Net    Import    4,339,517  3,160,146 

United   States   45,725  Nil 

Great  Britain  3,527,455  1,171,983 

Japan    95,227  1,654,958 

Grey  Sheetings 

Net  Import  5,209,041  2,734,991 

United   States   1,559,255  65,100 

Great   Britain    127,510  68,355 

Japan    3,356,011  2,609,721 

White  Shirtings 

Net  Import  4,491,090  2,822,911 

United   States   2,262  Nil 

Great    Britain    _ 3,730,898  1,947,757 

Japan    61,438  574,903 

Drills 

Net  Import  2,291,427  1,431,611 

United   States   507,138  2,250 

Great   Britain    44,894  811 

Japan    1,666,757  1,437,734 

Jeans 

Net  Import  1,720,868  1,624,046 

United   States   37,580  3,480 

Great    Britain    1,494,114  156,523 

Japan    94,377  1,457,622 

T  Cloths,  32  in. 

Net  Import  1,577,822  1,060,597 

Great    Britain    900,682  49,330 

Japan    372,741  912,667 

Cotton    Flannels 

Net  Import   650,812  686,456 

United   States    234,515  25,090 

Japan 57,406  611,574 


be  relieved  of  all  taxation  and  of 
the  coast  trade,  duty  also.  That  clause, 
however,  never  went  into  effect,  be- 
cause it  was  conditioned  upon  its  ac- 
ceptance by  all  the  treaty  powers  and 
none  have  accepted  it  except  the 
United  States,  Great  Britain  and  Ja- 
pan. But  such  a  clause  is  almost  sure 
to  be  adopted  in  the  near  future. 

Moreover,  the  treaty  between  Japan 
and  China  of  1896  did  provide  that 
goods  manufactured  by  foreign  ma- 
chinery in  China  should  be  on  exact 
equality  as  regards  taxation  with 
those  owned  and  manufactured  by  the 


Chinese  anywhere  in  China,  so  that 
that  treaty  in  itself  gave  great  im- 
petus to  the  introduction  of  foreign 
machinery  for  factories. 

The  result  has  been  a  gradual  intro- 
duction of  cotton  mills,  steam  roller 
flour  mills  and  a  great  many  iron 
works.  These  things  are  going  to  in- 
crease and  we  must  face  this  situa- 
tion, that  China  is  one  of  the  richest 
countries  in  the  world  in  natural  re- 
sources and  has  an  immense  reservoir 
of  cheap  human  labor  and  that  the  J 
Chinese  easily  acquire  the  skill  neces- 
sary to  run  the  machinery. 

Now  there  are  many  lines  of  trade, 
of   course,   in   which   we    shall    for   a  I 
great   many  years   to   come   have   the 
predominant  part.     For  instance,   the  I 
Standard  Oil  Company  will  no  doubt  \ 
always   be   able  to   compete  with   the 
Sumatra  oil  and  the  Russian  oil  com- 1 
panies.     The    Standard    now    supplies 
one-half  of  the  kerosene  sold  in  China. 
The     Singer    Sewing    Machine     Com-  i 
pany   supplies   nearly   all   the    sewing 
machines    sold    in    China.    Nearly    all! 
China's  lubricating  oil  also  comes  from 
the  United  States. 

With  regard  to   the  iron  and  steel 
trade,    we    have    always    had    an    im-i 
portant  part  in  that,  but  during  the! 
war,    owing    to    the    restrictions    put 
upon    the    exports    from    the    United 
States,  our  iron  and  steel  trade   was 
cut  almost  in  half,  except  for  the  mat- 
ter of  steel  rails.     In  the  last  two  or~ 
three  years  there  has  been  an  increase 
in  the   export   of  rails  to  China,   due 
to   the   special   circumstances   brought 
about  by  the  entrance  of  China  into 
the  war.    It  was  necessary  to  improve 
the   railways   in   China   and   the  War 
Trade  Board  allowed  these  rails  to  be 
shipped.     But  even  in  the  matter  of? 
rails  the  Japanese   very  nearly   over-  ■ 
took  us. 

Japanese    Are    Gaining 
In    Steel    Trade     Also 

It  is  a  fact  that  the  Japanese  are 
rapidly  coming  along  in  our  rear.  Dur-  j 
ing    the    war    they    greatly    improved  j 
their  steel  products.    With  the  control 
which  they  have  practically   obtained 
now  of  probably  three-fourths  of  the 
iron    deposits    of   China    and    a    large  j 
part  of  the  coal  fields  of  China  you 
can  see  what  a  position  they  are   in 
for    the    improvement    of    their    steel 
trade.      My    information    is,    however, 
that  they  will  not  be  able  probably  tffl 
produce    the    finer    qualities    of    steel 
such  as  we  can  produce;  it  could  not 
be  expected  at  once.     So  no  doubt  ww 
shall  be  able  for  some  time  to   cornel 
to  retain  a  favored  position  in  regard 
to  the  iron  and  steel  trade  in  China. 

But  there  are  various  other  things 
which  China  needs  which  we  can  sup- 
ply. We  have  always  taken  a  promi-i 
nent  part  in  the  production  of  ma-, 
chinery  and  have  produced  a  very) 
high  class  of  machinery. 

(Continued  on  page  28) 


N  ovember    19  19 


13 


Abundant  Activities  of  Japan 

Huge  New  Steel  Plant,  Gigantic  Ship  Merger,    Expansion  in  Trade  With  China, 

Indicate  Developments  of  Flowery  Kingdom 


THE  Oriental  Steel  Company,  a 
new  $25,000,000  Japanese  cor- 
poration which  began  operation  and 
turned  out  its  first  products  last  May, 
is  now  producing  from  170  to  180  tons 
of  pig  iron  per  day,  states  The  Trans- 
pacific. The  site  of  the  works  is  at 
Tobata,  on  the  northern  coast  of  Kyus- 
hu, Japan.  Its  bay  affords  safe  an- 
chorage to  the  largest  boats. 

Tobata  is  connected  with  the  coal 
fields  of  Kyushu  by  cross  lines  of  rail- 
ways. When  in  full  swing,  three  300- 
ton  blast  furnaces  and  one  150-ton  fur- 
nace are  expected  to  produce  nearly 
350,000  tons  of  pig  iron  a  year,  which 
will  be  converted  into  steel  ingots  of 
300,000  tons  by  means  of  six  60-ton 
open-hearth  furnaces.  The  ingots  will 
supply  material  for  making  nearly 
280,000  tons  of  plates  of  various  sizes 
and  castings. 

$50,000,000    Ship    Merger 
Takes    in    Big    Concerns 

After  a  long  series  of  conferences 
extending  over  many  months,  the  Ko- 
kusai  Kisen  Kaisha.  or  International 
Steamship  Company,  capitalized  at 
$50,000,000,  was  formally  established 
in  July.  The  company's  main  office 
is  at  Kobe.  The  499,400  tons  to  be 
operated  were  supplied  by  companies 
in  the  merger  as  follows:  Kawasaki 
Dockyard  Company,  275,000  tons;  Su- 
zuki &  Company,  84,300;  Asano  Ship- 
yard, 51,500;  Hashimoto  Kisen  Kaisha, 
25,400;  Yamashita  Kisen  Kaisha,  23,- 
600;  Uchida  Kisen  Kaisha,  17,300; 
Nippon  Kisen  Kaisha,  17,300  and 
Ishikawajima   Shipyard,  5,000. 

The  routing  of  Japanese  ships  has 
undergone  a  radical  change  since  the 
armistice.  Their  destination,  and  other 
details,  are:  European  ports,  120 
boats,  606,376  tons;  Pacific  Coast  of 
North  America,  39  boats,  265,797  tons; 
South  Seas,  54  vessels,  143,734;  India, 
29  steamers,  107,479;  Australia,  27 
boats,  94,457 ;  South  America,  19  ships, 
115,435;  New  York,  19  boats,  103,044. 
One-fourth  of  the  boats  on  the  Euro- 
pean run  were  placed  there  in  July 
alone.  When  1919  trade  returns  are 
published  by  Japan,  exports  to  Europe 
will  figure  heavily. 

Japan    Is    Launching 
Ships     For    America 

The  building  by  Japanese  of  thirty 
ships  for  the  American  government 
with  American  materials  has  been 
somewhat  delayed  by  the  decision  of 
the  United  States  to  make  certain 
modifications  in  the  designs.  The 
thirty  vessels,  totalling  245,900  tons, 
are  to  be  launched  before  next  May, 


By  OSCAR  E.  RILEY 
Editor   Japan   Trade   Bulletin 
— o — 
as  follows:   September,   one   boat,   12,- 
600    tons;    October,    five,    43,100    tons; 
November,     five,     35,500;      December, 
seven,    57,200;    January,    six,    47,600; 
February,   three,   28,000;   March,    two, 
15,500  and  April,  one,   6,300  tons. 

A  $2,500,000  corporation,  which  will 
establish  its  first  mill  in  Nagoya,  Ja- 
pan, has  been  established  by  R.  Fuji- 
yama and  other  Japanese  business  men 
of  prominence.  The  concern  will  be 
known  as  the  Chuka  Cotton  Spinning 
Company. 

Half  the  stock  in  a  leading  Tokio 
toy  factory  has  been  taken  by  a  New 
York  concern,  and  several  American 
toy  experts  have  gone  to  Japan  to  di- 
rect the  manufacture  of  the  goods, 
states  S.  Kurusu,  Japanese  Consul- 
General  at  Manila,  and  until  recently 
Consul-General  in  Chicago.  He  adds 
that  Americans  are  better  able  to 
judge  the  tastes  of  their  countrymen 
than  are  the  Japanese,  and  that  toys 
made  under  the  supervision  of  these 
experts  are  certain  to  be  in  greater 
demand.  A  new  $500,000  concern,  the 
Nitto  Toy  Manufacturing  Company, 
has  chosen  several  Japanese  juvenile 
story  writers  as  its  advisers.  Improve- 
ments in  the  designs  of  Japanese  toys 
are  therefore  to  be  expected. 


A  general  decrease  in  the  output  of 
metals  and  minerals  was  Japan's  rec- 
ord for  the  first  half  of  1919.  The 
largest  decrease  was  in  sulphur.  Its 
yield  of  20,730  tons  was  40  per  cent 
of  that  of  the  first  half  of  1918.  The 
loss  of  a  market  overseas  and  the  re- 
duction in  price  offered  by  buyers  was 
held  responsible.  The  volume  and  re- 
duction in  other  instances  .  follows : 
silver,  2,375,652  ounces,  23.2  per  cent 
reduction;  iron,  34,625  tons,  18.9  per 
cent;  petroleum,  43,719,202  gallons, 
11.8  gold,  106,206  ounces,  9.8;  copper, 
99,993,083  pounds,  9.4  per  cent  de- 
crease; coal,  12,994,525  tons,  a  reduc- 
tion of  4.6  per  cent. 

Owners  of  Japanese  boats  plying  be- 
tween Japan  and  Australia  were  much 
perturbed  at  the  recent  announcement 
that  the  P.  &  O.  line  (Peninsular  and 
Oriental)  had  taken  over  the  interests 
of  the  Eastern  Australia  Steamship 
Company.  Commenting  on  the  deal, 
the  Tokio  Asahi  states:  "If  supremacy 
on  the  Australian  route  is  given  to 
the  P.  &  O.  line,  it  is  clear  that  the 
Japanese  merchantmen  will  gradually 
lose  their  influence,  their  place  being 
taken  by  British  ships.  The  transac- 
tion is  not  an  ordinary  amalgamation. 
It  embodies  the  post  bellum  shipping 
policy  of  Great  Britain  and  is  worthy 
of  special  notice." 


PACIFIC   MAIL   STEAMSHIP   OFFICES,   YOKOHAMA 


14 


Pan  Pacific 


Japan's  exports  to  China  for  the 
first  ten  days  of  August  were  valued 
at  $4,504,500,  compared  with  $3,450,- 
500  for  the  same  period  in  1918.  Im- 
ports from  China  were  $3,886,500  com- 
pared with  $2,293,500.  Exports  to 
South  China  in  both  periods  were  al- 
most negligible,  Central  China  rank- 
ing highest.  Or,  to  quote  figures,  ex- 
ports to  Central  China,  August  1-10, 
were  $2,078,500;  North  China,  $1,480,- 
500;  Manchuria,  $904,500;  South 
China,  $41,000;  and  imports  from  Cen- 
tral China,  $2,313,500;  North  China, 
$647,500;  Manchuria,  $597,000  and 
South  China,  $328,500. 

Japanese  safety  matches  have  in- 
creased $1.50  a  case,  to  a  new  level  of 
$27.50.  High  wages  and  the  high  cost 
of  chemicals  are  two  causes  cited.  The 
third  is  that  the  supply  of  poplar  wood 
from  Siberia  has  been  limited  by  the 
constant  disturbances  in  the  interior. 
British  India  and  China  lead  in  the 
purchase  of  Japanese  matches. 

Japanese  and  East  Indian  cotton 
yarn  mills  are  active  rivals.  Bombay 
reports  that  the  total  production  of 
cotton  yarns  in  British  India  during 
the  last  fiscal  year  was  615,000,000 
pounds,  a  decrease  of  7  per  cent  from 
the  preceding  fiscal  year,  and  of  5  per 


cent  from  the  average  of  the  five  years 
before  the  war.  India's  decreased 
production  reflects  Japan's  expansion 
as  a  cotton  yarn  selling  nation  in  the 
markets  of  Asia. 

Scarcity     of     Rice 

Sends  Prices  High 
For  a  year,  the  scarcity  of  rice  has 
been  a  problem  of  white  elephant  pro- 
portions on  the  hands  of  the  Japanese 
Government.  "When,  in  the  face  of 
government  reports  that  a  plentiful 
crop  would  be  harvested  this  year, 
prices  went  up,  many  observers  were 
puzzled.  The  Osaka  Mainichi  blames 
the  increase  upon  a  speech  of  T.  Na- 
kahashi,  the  Minister  of  Education,  in 
which  he  deprecated  interference  with 
prices  and  expressed  the  opinion  that 
the  working  classes  were  pretty  well 
off. 

The  Mainichi  states  the  rice  specula- 
tors concluded  that  they  were  safe 
from  interference  in  their  operations, 
and  that  prices  immediately  went  up. 
The  Government  then  proclaimed  the 
free  transportation  of  rice  by  rail,  and 
a  discount  of  30  per  cent  for  the  trans- 
port of  other  cereals.  As  the  railways 
are  under  Government  ownership,  it 
was  arranged  to  offset  this  by  raising 
freight  rates  on  other  commodities. 


AUSTRALIA  RANKS 

AMONG  BIG  NATIONS 


— 


ALTHOUGH  the  balance  of  trade 
for  the  first  six  months  of  the 
1918-1919  fiscal  year  was  against  Aus- 
tralia to  the  extent  of  $55,382,434,  an 
examination  of  her  latest  mineral,  ag- 
ricultural and  industrial  output  sheet 
shows  that  the  commonwealth  is  not 
only  potentially  able  to  be  self  con- 
tained but  under  favorable  circum- 
stances will  rank  among  the  greatest 
of  the  world's  manufacturing  coun- 
tries. 

The  latest  available  figures  for  the 
manufacturing  output  of  Australia, 
those  for  1917,  are  $1,003,040,099.  The 
impetus  given  to  manufacturers  dur- 
ing the  last  year  of  the  war,  when  the 
scarcity  of  bottoms  caused  capital  to 
turn  to  the  production  of  necessary 
commodities  in  the  commonwealth  will 
undoubtedly  mean  a  large  increase  in 
the  manufacturing  figures  for  1918 
and  the  first  half  of  1919.  These  fig- 
ures when  contrasted  with  the  $219,- 
377,794  of  total  imports  for  the  first 
half  of  the  1918-1919  period— especial- 
ly in  view  of  the  fact  that  manufac- 
tured products  were  only  a  part  of 
the  imports — will  tend  to  show  that 
the  commonwealth  is  rapidly  pro- 
gressing toward  economic  independ- 
ence. 

This  fact  is  further  attested  to  by 
the  1917  mineral  and  agricultural 
outputs,  which  were  respectively  $124,- 


361,477  and  $887,450,850.  At  present, 
however,  Australia  is  still  an  agricul- 
tural country;  and  an  indication  of 
her  industrial  needs  and  potentialities 
can  be  seen  in  the  import  and  export 
sheet  for  the  first  six  months  of  the 
financial    year.    This    sheet 


1918-1919 
follows : 

Class 
Foodstuffs 


Imported 
of      animal 
origin,     but     excluding 
living    animals    $1,292,857 

Foodstuffs  of  vegetable 
origin    3,833,431 

Beverages  (non  -  alco- 
holic)      

Spirituous  and  alcoholic 
liquors     ... 

Tobacco  and  prepara- 
tions  thereof  

Live  animals   

Animal  substances  hot 
foodstuffs     

Vegetable  substances 
and   fibres  8,469,371 

Apparel,  textiles  and 
manufactured  fibres  ....     94, 

Oils,  fats  and  waxes 

Paints,  colors  and  var- 
nishes     

Stones  '  «and  minerals 
used    industrially   

I  >r<-s  and  metals  unman- 
ufactured "or  partly 
manufactured    

Machines  andV  machin- 
ery, other  manufac- 
tures   of    metals 33,702,963 

India         rubber  and 

leather      5,489,836 

Wood  and  wicker,  raw 
and   manufactured   5,411,021 

Earthenware.      cements, 
china,      glass      and 
stoneware    3,305,213 

Paper   and    stationery 10,575,394 

Jewelry        and         fancy 

goods  616,452 

Optical,       surgical       and 

scientific    instruments.       1,721,275 

Drugs    and    chemicals 11,944.143 

Miscellaneous    8,773,544 


9,275,951 

3,775,053 

1,845,419 
103,130 

3,203.,075 


998,866 
.302,709 


Exported 

$30,786,433 

29,395,063 

541,117 

.1,149,409 

707,260 
833,626 

59,391,690 

1,911,058 


310,840 
744,722 


1,522,079    .1-7, 175, 781 


2,942,637 

2,749,118 

693,910 


218,340 
375,400 

523,699 

259,559 
3,495,730 
1,755,519 


The  result  was  a  fractional  decline 
in  the  price  of  rice,  but  not  to  as  low 
a  figure  as  prevailed  before  the  speech. 
The  Government  then  increased  the 
number  of  boats  going  to  Korea  and 
Formosa,  and  opened  negotiations 
with  the  British  Government  looking 
to  purchases  of  Rangoon  rice.  It  was 
expected  that  heavier  imports  of  rice 
would  carry  Japan  through  at  a  tol- 
erably fair  price  until  harvest. 
Chinese  Stevedores 
Grow  More  Efficient 

Increased  efficiency  is  being  shown 
by  the  coolies  of  the  South  Manchuria 
Railway  wharf  at  Dairen.  Their  daily 
average  in  1916  was  5  tons  each,  but 
in  June  this  year  was  7.2  tons.  Still 
further  efficiency  -was  expected  in  Au- 
gust, for  the  men  then  were  to  start 
work  at  5  in  the  morning  instead  of 
6,  and  were  to  be  given  an  hour  off 
at  noon.  They  quit  at  6.  The  daily 
average  of  cargoes  handled  at  Dairen 
increased  from  25,421  tons  in  1916  to 
54,077  in  June,  1919. 

Deposits  in  the  associated  banks  of 
Japan  on  June  30  stood  at  $2,303,533,- 
355,  compared  with  $1,785,618,545  on 
June  30,  1918,  and  $576,000,000  on  the 
same  date  in  1915.  Loans  on  June  30 
amounted  to  $2,016,099,418,  compared 
with  $1,507,207,889  and  $562,000,000. 
Thus,  in  a  paragraph,  is  seen  the  effect 
of  the  war  upon  Japan. 

Japanese  farmers  were  never  so 
prosperous  as  now,  according  to  G. 
Shimura,  president  of  the  Hypothec 
Bank  of  Japan.  Prices  of  rice,  ca- 
coons  and  raw  silk  have  soared  to 
levels  of  record  height.  Other  farm 
products,  too,  have  gone  up.  Thus  the 
farmers'  income  and  financial  strength 
have  increased  strikingly.  The  farm- 
ers have  paid  off  almost  all  their  mort- 
gages made  at  high  interest  before  the 
war,  and  the  farmers  are  now  lenders 
rather  than  borrowers. 

The  working  shift  in  Japanese  cot- ! 
ton     spinning     mills     averages     22.11 
hours,   states    the    Tokio    Chamber    of  | 
Commerce.     At  the  Handa  mill,  opera-  j 
tives  are  given  a  rest  after  a  shift  of 
24  hours.     Under  the  best  conditions, 
operatives  work  19  hours  before  being! 
relieved. 

Japan  now  boasts  of  123  insurance 
companies.     They  have  5,179,560  out- 
standing contracts  of  a  total  value  of] 
$5,421,667,500,  states  a  government  re- 
port of  August  17.     There  are  40  life, 
30  fire,  29  marine,  15  transit,  3  acci-J 
dent,   2   conscription   and  4   other  in-l 
surance  companies. 


Totals    $219,377,794     $163,995,360 


J.  H.  GOSLINGER  CHANGES  POST 

J.  H.  Goslinger,  who  has  contrib-  • 
uted  at  various  times  to  the  pages  of 
Pan  Pacific,  has  resigned  as  manager 
of  the  Oha  Shi  Importing  Company  to] 
accept  the  position  of  sales  manager  of] 
imports  for  Adachi  &  Company  of  San  . 
Francisco. 


November    19  19 


15 


Siberia  Ready  for  American  Trade 

Demand  Urgent  For  Exchange  of  Raw  Materials  For  the  Finished  Products  of 
United  States,   Agricultural   Implements  Being  One  of  Needs 


AVAST  trade  field  in  Siberia  and 
Eastern  Russia  which  is  limited 
only  by  the  demands  for  raw  materials 
and  foodstuffs  in  the  period  of  recon- 
struction, already  beginning,  awaits 
the  United  States.  As  the  turmoil 
and  effects  of  the  war  and  unrest  wear 
away,  a  condition  at  present  discern- 
ible, demands  for  goods  will  increase, 
opening  to  American  manufacturers  a 
prolific  field  in  which  their  products 
are  favored  over  those  of  other  nations 
now  competing  and  seeking  control  of 
this  new  commerce. 

Present  calls  are  for  railroad  equip- 
ment, fuel,  textiles,  groceries,  food 
products  of  all  kinds,  lubricating  and 
technical  oils,  chemicals,  shoes  and 
leather,  fresh  fruits,  metal  and  metal 
goods,  paper  and  paper  products,  ma- 
chinery and  agricultural  implements. 
A  glance  at  the  list  is  convincing  proof 
that  this  vast  country  is  planning  to 
enter  the  producing  business  and  that 
the  nation  which  gains  its  favor  in 
re-establishing  it  as  a  factor  in  the 
business  of  the  world  will  get  the 
trade  of  the  future. 

Japan  and  China  Control 
Most    of   Siberian   Trade 

The  Russian-American  committee, 
with  headquarters  in  Vladivostok,  the 
chief  port  of  entry  for  Eastern  Rus- 
sia and  Siberia,  has  compiled  a  list  of 
importations  for  the  first  three  months 
of  the  present  year,  assigning  the  vari- 
ous articles  imported  into  the  region 
to  the  countries  in  which  they  orig- 
inated and  giving  the  various  propor- 
tions. This  list  shows  that  Japan  and 
China  at.  the  present  time  control  more 
than  half  of  the  imports  from  Siberia 
and  Eastern  Russia  through  Vladivos- 
tok. Japan  leads  in  the  total  amount 
of  trade,  the  United  States  is  second 
and  China  third.  The  exact  percen- 
tages for  January,  February  and 
March  of  this  year  are: 

Per  cent. 

Japan    44 

United   States  27 

China    , 21 

Korea    4.6 

indo-China  3.5 

Philippines    Negligible 

The  report  of  the  committee  also 
places  the  total  of  importations  at 
close  to  100,000  tons,  divided  as  fol- 
lows : 

Tons 

Sugar  and  groceries  24,678 

Railroad  equipment  23,724 

>"uel   16,290 

Textiles      5,470 

Rubricating  oils  3,988 

Kood  products  3,762 

Shoes  and   leather  2,772 

Fresh  fruits  2,178 

Paper  and  paper  goods  1,186 

Trtetal  and  metal  goods  1,674 

Chemicals   1,566 

Machinery  and  agricultural   Implements...     1,512 

1  liquors  432 

Other  goods  6,012 


(By  a  Member  of  the  Russian-Amer- 
ican Committee  at  Vladivostok) 

— o — 
Sugar  and  groceries  comprised  26 
per  cent  of  the  goods  imported  and  in 
this  American  manufacturers  were  not 
represented,  the  shipments  coming 
from  Japan,  China,  Indo-China  and 
Korea.  The  principal  item  was  sugar, 
the  trade  in  this  reaching  a  total  of 
8,784  tons,  with  35  per  cent  of  it  com- 
ing from  Japan  and  China.  Salt  also 
is  another  factor  under  this  heading, 
but  the  importation  of  it  has  de- 
creased in  quantity  in  comparison  with 
former  years,  due  chiefly  to  the  diffi- 
culties of  transport.  Stocks  of  salt  in 
the  Vladivostok  warehouses,  to  which 
Siberia  and   eastern   Russia   come   for 


Siam  Wants  Tools 

There  is  an  extensive  demand  in 
Siam  for  tools  and  cutlery  due  to  that 
country's  agricultural  and  industrial 
development,  and  the  fact  that  there 
is  practically  no  local  manufacture  of 
these  goods  offers  an  opportunity  for 
the  introduction  of  the  American  ar- 
ticle. The  import  duty  on  cutlery  and 
all  kinds  of  metal  manufactures  is  3 
per  cent  ad  valorem,  levied  on  the  en- 
tire cost  of  the  shipment,  inclusive  of 
all  charges  to  the  port  of  entry  and 
cost  of  packing  materials. 


it  as  the  fisheries  need  supplies,  are 
very  small.  Fishermen  complain  of 
the  shortage  and  the  field  for  trade 
in  salt  is  unusually  promising. 

In     Railroad    Equipment   cj 
United    States    Dominant        • 

In  railroad  equipment  the  total  ship- 
ments came  from  the  United  States 
and  composed  one-fourth  of  the  total 
imports  into  the  country.  The  call  is 
for  cars,  locomotives  and  rails  and  is 
expected  to  increase  as  the  country 
again  returns  to  production. 

Coal,  gasoline  and  refined  petroleum 
are  fuels  which  are  in  demand,  com- 
posing 17  per  cent  of  the  importations. 
All  of  the  coal  is  of  Japanese  origin, 
but  many  persons  consider  this  trade 
as  abnormal,  for  the  Souchan  mine 
and  the  Saghalien  Islands  produce 
large  quantities,  but  lack  of  transport 
keeps  it  away. 

In  shipments  of  textiles  Japan  again 
takes  the  lead,  outranking  China  and 
the  United  States.  The  total  importa- 
tions of  textiles  from  Japan  reached 
4,680  tons  in  the  first  three  months  of 
the  year,  936  from  China,  36  from 
the  United  States  and  18  from  Korea. 
The  total  shipments  of  textiles  are 
figured   at    5,670   tons.     Cheap    cotton 


goods,  used  by  the  civil  population, 
comprises  the  larger  part  of  the  textile 
imports. 

America  Also  a  Factor 
In      Lubricating      Oils 

The  United  States  again  is  third  in 
the  trade  in  lubricating  and  foreign 
oils,  of  which  3,882  tons  were  brought 
into  the  country  in  the  first  quarter 
of  the  year.  China  sent  2,934  tons  of 
oils  into  the  country,  Japan  769  and 
the  United  States  only  180. 

Food  products  were  not  tabulated 
according  to  the  country  of  origin,  but 
the  table,  as  follows,  shows  the  neces- 
saries in  demand: 

Tons 

Beef  1,296 

Vegetables    1,206 

Eggs    396 

Butter  and  lard 378 

Grain     432 

Fish   „ 54 

China  holds  the  lead  in  importations 
of  shoes  and  leather  with  1,412  tons  to 
her  credit,  Japan  following  with  666 
tons  and  the  United  States  coming 
third  with  630.  Korea  was  the  origin 
of  54  tons  of  the  total  importations  of 
2,762  tons.  Siberia  at  the  present  time 
is  increasing  her  production  of  shoes 
by  hand  labor,  and  it  is  not  expected 
that  the  demand  of  the  future  will  be 
so  heavy  in  this  line.  Vladivostok  ware- 
houses held  almost  3,000  tons  of  tan- 
ning materials  last  May,  according  to 
statistics  available  at  that  time. 

Japan  enjoys  a  monopoly  in  the 
fresh  fruit  trade,  for  all  the  shipments 
through  Vladivostok  in  the  .first  three 
months  of  ,thp  ,  year  were  from  that 
country.  ,     t  ,,; 

-  Trade    in    Metal    Goods 

Also  Mostly  With  Japan 

The  trade  in  metals  and  metal  goods, 
with  the  exception  of  machinery,  also 
was  dominated  by  Japan.  In  this  field 
the  total  shipments  were  approximate- 
ly 1,700  tons,  China  coming  second 
and,  the  United  States  third.  The 
trade  in  chemicals  was  divided  be- 
tween Japan  and  China,  the  United 
States  figuring  only  as  a  small  Ship- 
per of  soda. 

The  United  States,  however,  does 
take  the  lead  in  the  shipments  of  ma- 
chinery and  agricultural  implements, 
having  more  than  1,000  tons  to  its 
credit,  Japan  following  with  180  and 
China  with  126.  In  the  first  quarter 
of  1919  fewer  than  200  tons  were  im- 
ported, while  in  the  corresponding  pe- 
riod of  1914-1916  the  figures  were 
6.670  tons.  At  present  the  stock  of 
agricultural  implements  in  the  Vlad- 
ivostok warehouses  is  extremely  small 
and  the  field  is  considered  unusually 
promising. 


16 


Pan  Pacific 


SOLE  AGENCY  BEST 

IN  CHINESE  TRADE 


By  the  Far  Eastern  Division,  Bureau 
of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce 

A  PHASE  of  Far  Eastern  market- 
ing with  which  the  American 
manufacturer  is  not  equipped  hy  ex- 
perience to  cope,  is  the  very  difficult 
one  of  distribution  of  territory.  His 
experience  has  shown  him  the  value, 
perhaps,  of  dividing  large  geograph- 
ical areas  at  home  and  in  foreign  mar- 
kets into  small  territories  under  dis- 
tinct agency  contracts;  but  in  enter- 
ing the  Oriental  field  there  are  certain 
considerations  which  should  modify  to 
some  extent  the  rules  which  have  been 
found  advantageous  elsewhere. 

China  proper,  though  covering  a 
vast  geographical  area,  is,  as  far  as 
the  American  exporter  is  concerned, 
three  very  distinct  trade  areas — Can- 
ton, Shanghai  and  Tientsin.  This  is 
due  to  the  fact  that  for  generations 
the  foreign  trade  of  China  has  been 
handled  only  through  certain  "treaty 
ports,"  and  in  these  ports  have  grown 
up  large  foreign  and  Chinese  organiza- 
tions with  branches  in  many  other 
ports  in  the  same  territory,  and  these 
form  the  main  channels  of  trade  to 
and  from  foreign  countries. 

As  these  large  organizations  now 
operate,  it  is  highly  inexpedient  for 
them  to  entertain  any  but  a  sole 
agency  for  the  whole  of  their  respec- 
tive areas,  and  at  the  same  time  where 
they  are  efficient  it  is  to  the  best  in- 
terests of  the  American  manufacturer 
to  permit  them  to  do  so. 

Delivery  and  Collection 
Problems  To  Be  Solved 

The  actual  selling  of  the  goods,  how- 
ever, is  only  a  small  part  of  marketing 
in  China.  The  intelligent  and  econom- 
ical routing  of  shipments  by  sea,  rail, 
river,  canal,  wheelbarrow  and  coolie, 
with  frequent  delays  and  transship- 
ments, means  that  a  delivery  service 
must  be  maintained  as  well  as  a  sell- 
ing service. 

A  separate  collection  service  must 
also  be  maintained  and  arrangements 
made  for  the  shipment  of  the  coin  or 
bullion  to  the  trade  centers  from  the 
interior  when  inland  exchange  is  un- 
favorable. There  are  several  large 
distributers  in  China  who  have  foreign 
and  native  salesmen  in  every  town 
who  look  after  these  all  important  de- 
tails, and  it  is  safe  to  say  that  without 
such  services  no'  wide  distribution  of 
products  in  China  is  possible. 

In  connecting  with  these  large  dis- 
tributers the  American  manufacturer 
has  everything  to  gain.  The  only  pos- 
sible alternative  that  would  achieve 
the  same  results  would  be  the  estab- 
lishment of  an  extensive  sales  organ- 


ization, and  whether  this  could  be  op- 
erated on  a  large  enough  scale  by  any 
single  manufacturer  to  overcome  the 
low  overhead  expense  of  the  large  dis- 
tributer is  highly  problematical.  One 
of  the  advantages  which  the  Webb 
law  has  offered  in  China  is  the  organ- 
ization of  new  distributers  of  the  char- 
acter described  to  operate  along  iden- 
tical lines 

This  development  merely  tends  to 
strengthen  the  sole  agency  theory, 
however,  as  these  combinations  are  or- 
ganized for  the  specific  purpose  of 
developing  the  whole  territory,  and  no 
attempt  is  made  to  develop  it  piece- 
meal and  distribute  rather  than  con- 
centrate the  sales  effort. 

Sole    Agency    Plan 
More      Economical 

The  main  argument  against  these 
large  organizations  has  been  the  ap- 
parently higher  commissions  which 
they  charge.  If  China  were  on  a  gold 
basis  it  would  manifestly  be  advan- 
tageous for  the  New  York  exporter  to 
trade  with  the  small  native  firms  di- 
rect on  a  small  commission  and  finance 
the  deal  from  New  York.  It  would 
also  seem  natural  that  on  other  busi- 
ness offered  the  American  manufac- 
turer by  an  American  export  house  a 
10  per  cent  commission  to  the  Chinese 
distributer  would  be  ample  protection. 
This  would  be  entirely  in  order  if  the 
goods  thus  sold  went  through  firms  in 
China  with  organizations  as  large  as 
the  distributer. 

But  most  of  these  outside  orders 
come  from  native  dealers  who  can  af- 
ford to  trade  on  a  small  margin  of 
profit  of  about  2%  per  cent.  This 
12%  per  cent  margin  is  therefore  not 
enough  to  protect  the  large  distributer 
with  a  satisfactory  profit  and  allow  for 
his  heavier  selling  expenses.  This 
would  seem  to  argue  in  favor  of  the 
manufacturer  doing  business  entirely 
through  such  channels. 

In  actual  practice,  however,  the 
branch  office  manager  of  the  exporter 
in  China  solicits  business  from  dealers. 
This  branch  office  wants  turnover,  and 
is  not  particularly  interested  in  any 
special  make  of  goods.  He  might,  it 
is  true,  be  persuaded  to  give  closer 
attention  to  a  certain  manufacturer's 
lines  by  means  of  a  special  pecuniary 
inducement,  but  that  would  not  deter 
him  from  accepting  similar  induce- 
ments from  a  competing  manufacturer. 
This  would  not  register  much  of  a  gain 
for  any  one  except  the  agent,  and  the 
goods  would  go  on  the  market  at  just 
that  much  higher  cost,  thus  offsetting 
the  apparent  advantage. 


:>*    " 


CUSTOMS   HOUSE,   SHANGHAI 

The  Chinese  distributer  with  a  sole 
agency  contract,  on  the  other  hand, 
has  almost  as  great  an  interest  in  the 
agency  as  the  manufacturer.  He  car- 
ries a  stock  and  specializes  only  on 
that  particular  make  of  goods.  He 
endeavors  to  render  the  same  service 
to  the  dealer  as  is  rendered  by  a  dis- 
trict distributer  in  the  United  States. 
In  this  respect  he  differs  from  the  ex- 
porter's agent,  who  handles  hundreds 
of  lines  of  all  classes  of  merchandise 
and  can  hardly  be  expected  to  know 
enough  about  any  particular  line  to 
exert  any  intelligent  sales  effort  on  it, 
but  is  an  "order  taker"  only. 

If  the  manufacturer  decides  that 
the  sole  agency  is  the  most  logical 
method  of  pushing  his  sales  but  still 
retains  the  right  to  accept  business 
from  the  export  house,  reserving  a  10 
per  cent  commission  for  the  agent, 
such  an  arrangement  has  its  draw- 
backs for  both  the  manufacturer  and 
the  distributer.  The  latter  cannot 
carry  large  stocks  because  his  prices, 
as  has  been  pointed  out,  are  higher 
than  the  costs  of  any  dealer  who  buys 
through  the  American  exporter.  Ac- 
cordingly he  can  not  estimate  the  pro- 
portion of  business  which  will  be  di- 
verted from  his  stocks  and  placed  di- 
rect with  the  manufacturer  through 
the  exporter. 

Not  being  able  to  carry  stocks  to 
advantage,  the  distributer  is  not  in 
position  to  give  "service"  to  the 
manufacturer  or  to  carry  on  an  effi- 
cient advertising  and  selling  campaign 
if  his  compensation  is  limited  to  the 
10  per  cent  commission  the  manufac- 
turer allows  him  on  direct  sales.  If 
he  does  not  render  this  "service"  by 
advertising,  canvassing  and  drumming 
up  trade  for  the  manufacturer  the  lat- 
ter's  line  will  remain  in  comparative 
obscurity  because  the  merchants  with 
whom  the  American  exporter  deals 
will  have  no  interest  in  general  service 
work. 


November    19  19 


17 


Trade  Survey  of  South  America 

United  States  Must  Not  Be  Lulled  Into  Belief  That  Even  Present  Commerce  Can 

Be  Retained  Without   Hardest  Kind  of  Work 


V[(,W  that  I  have  returned  from 
■*-  ^  South  America,  I  wish  that  I 
might  assure  you  that  our  foreign 
trade  problems  have  been  solved  by 
virtue  of  our  enormous  increase  of 
trade  with  our  Latin-American  neigh- 
bors. Imposing  arrays  of  figures  have 
been  ([noted,  and  we  are  told  that  last 
year  we  sold  the  twenty  Latin-Ameri- 
can countries  the  enormous  sum  of 
three-quarters  of  a  billion  dollars 
worth  of  goods,  which  represents  con- 
siderably more  than  doubling  of  our 
business  with  them  before  the  war. 

It  is  true  that  today  we  are  selling 
them  more  than  fifty  per  cent  of  their 
entire  imports,  which  means  that  our 
total  is  greater  than  that  of  all  the 
other  exporting  countries  combined. 
This  is  an  excellent  showing  and  one 
on  which  we  are  to  be  congratulated 
when  one  realizes  that  disadvantages 
under  which  we  were  and  are  labor- 
ing. However,  this  increase  should  not 
lull  us  into  the  belief  that  we  are  go- 
ing to  retain  even  a  good  share  of  this 
increase  without  the  hardest  kind  of 
intelligent  work. 

The  bald  and  uncomfortable  fact  is 
that  we  secured  this  business  very 
largely  because  the  European  sources 
of  supply  were  closed  and  the  South 
American  merchants  had  their  choice 
of  buying  from  us  or  not  at  all.  Be- 
fore we  pass  on  to  the  advertising 
survey  that  took  me  to  South  Amer- 
ica, suppose  we  look  into  the  advan- 
tages that  the  European  countries  pos- 
sessed before  the  war  and  which  gave 
them  a  predominating  share  of  this 
trade. 

Foreign     Capital     Invested 
Brings   Trade  With  Nation 

First  of  all  were  their  heavy  in- 
vestments in  railroads  and  other  en- 
terprises. In  Argentina,  for  example, 
English  capital  controls  sixty-five  per 
cent  of  the  railways,  and  French  cap- 
ital twenty-five  per  cent.  Their  own 
people  are  in  active  charge,  and  it  is 
only  natural  that  purchases  of  equip- 
ment should  be  made  in  the  mother 
country. 

Outside  of  mining  investments  on 
the  west  coast  and  meat  packing 
plants  on  the  east  coast,  American  in- 
vestments in  South  America  are  neg- 
ligible. It  is  to  be  hoped  that  some 
of  the  immense  surplus  capital  we 
have  at  present  will  go  into  South 
American  enterprises,  because  trade 
follows  investment  just  as  surely  as 
water  seeks  its  own  level. 

Secondly,  we  need  fast  and  regu- 
lar   lines    „f    ships    to    all     important 


By  J.  W.  SANGER 

Trade  Commissioner  of  the  United 
States  Department  of  Commerce 
— o — 
Latin-American  ports.  Before  the  war 
many  of  the  European  lines  ran  al- 
most on  train  schedule,  so  the  importer 
knew  almost  to  a  day  when  his  goods 
would  arrive.  In  banking  facilities  we 
have  improved  more  than  in  any  other 
one  thing  since  1914,  and  today  three 
large  American  banks  have  branches 
established  in  many  of  the  most  im- 
portant Latin-American  countries.  It 
is  to  be  hoped  that  they  will  continue 
to  extend  their  facilities. 

Another  important  feature  is  that 
of  direct  and  aggressive  sales  repre- 
sentation on  the  ground,  to  which  the 
European  countries  owe  so  much  of 
their  success.  Branch  houses  are,  of 
course,  the  best  if  the  amount  of 
business  justifies  it.  If  not  that,  then 
let  us  have  American  representation 
in  all  the  important  cities;  or,  if  that 
is  impossible,  then  native  houses  as 
representatives. 

Sending  Out  Catalogues 
Does  Not  Meet  Situation 
We  have  been  entirely  too  content 
with  sending  our  catalogues  to  inter- 
ested inquirers  and  appointing  them  as 
our  agents  without  finding  out  whether 
they  represent  competing  lines  or 
handle  such  a  diversity  of  lines  as  to 
make  it  impossible  for  them  to  prop- 
erly represent  us  at  all.  Many  of 
such  houses  are  merely  order  takers 
and  not  sales  representatives  at  all. 

Another  advantage  that  the  Euro- 
pean countries  had  was  lower  manufac- 
turing costs  and  an  industrial  system 
better  adapted  to  manufacturing  es- 
pecially for  export.  If  that  advantage 
continues,  and  the  relative  manufac- 
turing costs  of  American  and  Euro- 
pean goods  remains  the  same,  we  can 
in  the  better  class  of  goods,  overcome 
partially  this  difficulty  through  bet- 
ter salesmanship  and  through  adver- 
tising. Generally  speaking,  American 
goods  have  the  reputation  abroad  of 
being  good  but  high  priced. 

Question    of    Credits 

An  Important  Factor 
The  question  of  credits  is  another 
important  feature.  The  whole  busi- 
ness fabric  of  South  America  is  built 
on  a  basis  of  longer  terms  than  we 
are  accustomed  to.  All  the  European 
countries  recognized  this  and  ad- 
justed them  accordingly,  but  Germany 
more  than  any  other  extended  it  un- 
til it  sometimes  reached  the  point  of 


being  little  better  than  money  lending 
and  not  merchandising  at  all.  ' 

No  one  can  safely  predict  exactly 
what  credit  extension  Latin-America 
will  require  in  the  future,  but  cer 
tainly  we  shall  have  to  be  more  liberal 
than  we  have  been  during  the  past  four 
years.  This  is  a  matter  that  will 
very  largely  have  to  be  left  to  our 
sales  repersentative  in  South  America, 
which  is  all  the  more  reason  for  using 
only  fully  equipped  and  high  class 
men  for  this  purpose. 

We  are  thinking  in  terms  of  foreign 
trade  now  as  never  before,  but  we 
don't  always  remember  that  it  is  not 
merely  an  opportunity  but  an  obli- 
gation as  well.  The  huge  industrial 
equipment  which  we  have  built  up  dur- 
ing the  war  will  either  be  scrapped 
and  become  an  economic  loss,  or 
'  turned  to  the  uses  of  manufacturing 
for  export. 

America      Has      Doubled 
Manufacturing     Capacity 

We   have   doubled   our  manufactur- 
ing   capacity   so   that   today   it   totals 
annually  seventy  billion  dollars.  While 
we   have   increased  our   export   trade, 
even    today    it    represents    something 
less  than  ten   per   cent   of  this   total, 
whereas  other  exporting  nations  send 
abroad  from  twenty  to  forty  per  cent 
of  their  total  production.  Other  coun- 
tries,   notably    Great    Britain,    largely 
through   necessity,  were   compelled  to 
regard  their  foreign  trade  as  no  less 
important    than    their    domestic    busi- 
ness,  whereas   with  us  it  has   always 
been  a  mere  incident  and  a  side  issue. 
While  necessity  may  have  been  the 
compelling  force  with  them,  in  learn- 
ing  to   meet   its   needs   they   came   to 
have     an     international     outlook     on 
things.      It    is    said    that    it    was    the 
English   boy's   love   of  running   away 
to  sea  that  at  bottom  was  responsible 
for  building  up  the  British  merchant 
marine.     It  was    the   need   for    going 
to   the  far  corners  of  the  earth,   and 
buying   the    raw    materials    that   they 
could  not  produce  at  home,  that  gave 
these    people    their    world-wide    view- 
point. 

Most  of  us  Americans  are  still  some- 
what in  the  position  of  Bobby,  whose 
teacher  asked  him,  "Who  was  the 
first  man?"  and  Bobby  promptly  an- 
swered "George  Washington."  "You 
know  better  than  that,"  said  the 
teacher,  "you  know  it  was  Adam." 
"Oh,  well,"  was  Bobby's  answer,  "I 
wasn't  eountin'  foreigners." 

A  good  many  of  us,  unfortunately, 
still  feel  like  Bobby,  and  that  attitude 


18 


Pan    Pacific 


does  not  build  foreign  business  which 
is,  in  its  fundamentals,  no  different 
from  domestic  business.  It  requires 
its  own  forms  of  specialized  knowl- 
edge, the  same  as  for  business  at 
home,  and  what  we  Americans  need 
to  give  to  it  more  than  anything  else 
is  the  same  degree  of  intelligence  that 
we  apply  to  the  solution  of  domestic 
marketing  problems.  Now  that  we 
have  set  ourselves  to  the  job  of  grap- 
pling with  these  problems,  I  believe 
we  will  solve  them,  because  if  there 
is  one  thing  we  have  developed  to  a 
greater  degree  than  anybody  else,  it 
is  the  genius  of  adaptability. 
Modern  Advertising 
Is  An  American  Idea 

Now  to  come  to  the  advertising 
phase  of  the  problem,  because  it  was 
that  that  took  me  to  South  America. 
It  is  only  after  you  get  out  of  your 
own  country  that  you  realize  that  mod- 
ern advertising  as  we  have  developed 
it  is  largely  an  American  idea.  Not 
that  it  is  used  everywhere,  and  in 
South  America  very  generously,  but 
that  no  other  country  than  our  own 
lias  given  to  it  and  to  the  larger  prob- 
lem of  merchandising  the  same  degree 
of  care  and  skill.  It  is  to  our  ability 
in  marketing,  in  adapting  these 
tilings  we  have  learned  to  do  so  well 
at  home  to  the  conditions  as  we  find 
them  abroad,  that  we  must  turn,  to 
offset,  at  least  temporarily,  our  other 
disadvantages. 

Only  time  will  furnish  us  with  the 
advantages  of  huge  foreign  invest- 
ments, adequate  shipping  facilities,  full 
and  complete  American  foreign  rep- 
resentation, and  such  changes  in  man- 
ufacturing as  may  become  necessary. 
These  are  permanent  factors  for  which 
there  is  no  complete  substitute.  But, 
in  the  meantime,  our  skill  as  mer- 
chandisers and  in  advertising  will  pave 
the  way,  and  will  enable  us  to  de- 
velop our  own  peculiarly  effective 
means  of  holding  our  own  in  these 
markets.  We  have  spent  many  years 
and  many  millions  of  dollars  learn- 
ing how  to  do  it  at  home,  and  it  now 
remains  for  us  to  fit  this  ability  to 
foreign   markets. 

Latin-America  is  made  up  of  twen- 
ty different  countries,  no  two  of  which 
are  precisely  alike,  and  many  of  them 
are  widely  different,  the  only  thing 
they  have  in  common  being  their 
Latin  blood.  South  America  alone  is 
made  up  of  ten  different  countries. 
One  of  these  countries  alone,  Brazil, 
is  as  large  as  the  entire  United  States. 
Another  of  them,  Argentina,  is  as, 
large  as  all  of  our  states  east  of  the 
.Mississippi  river,  with  Texas  thrown 
in   for  good  measure. 

Knowledge    of    Language 
Essential       to       Success 

The  language  common  to  them  all  is 
Spanish,  except  in  Brazil,  where  Por- 
tuguese is  the  language,  and  Spanish 
will  not  serve  there,  no  matter  if  peo- 


ple do  tell  you  so  and  even  if  the 
two  languages  look  and  are  alike. 
French  is  the  second  best  language  to 
use  in   Brazil. 

Then  take  the  question  of  patriot- 
ism, Each  of  these  countries  lias  its 
own  highly  developed  feeling  of  pa- 
triotism, and  whether  right  or  wrong, 
thinks  that  the  sun  rises  and  sets 
within  the  boundaries  of  his  country. 
We  must  not  blame  them  for  that 
because  that  is  what  we  honestly  think 
of  our  own  country.  They  don't  call 
us  "Americans,"  but  "North  Ameri- 
cans," or  sometimes  "Yankees."  And 
it  would  be  well  for  us  to  get  into  the 
habit  of  thinking  of  them,  not  under 
the  term  of  South  Americans  but  as 
Chileans,  Argentines,  Brazilians,  etc.  I 
can  assure  you  that  you  never  forget 
that  when  you  are  in  their  countries. 

Another  thing  to  remember  is  that 
their  customs  and  traditions  are  quite 
as  important  to  them  as  ours  are  to 
us,  and  that  they  are  radically  dif- 
ferent from  ours.  They  are  not  a  me- 
chanical or  inventive  people  and  they 
are  not  as  a  rule  business  men  if  they 
can  avoid  it.  They  prefer  to  be  doe- 
tors,  lawyers,  in  politics  or  to  be 
gentlemen  farmers. 

Advertising  Widely  Used 
But    in    Different    Form 

Advertising  is  widely  used  through- 
out South  America,  but  its  develop- 
ment is  rather  primitive  and  is  about 
where  ours  was  just  after  the  Civil 
War.  Differences  in  customs  in  the 
different  countries,  poor  transporta- 
tion facilities,  two  languages  (Spanish 
and  Portuguese),  make  very  wide  cir- 
culations of  newspapers  and  magazines 
impossible.  Generally  speaking  the 
publications  of  each  country  do  not 
go  outside  of  it,  and  in  some  eases  as 
in  Brazil,  there  is  little  or  no  circula- 
tion of  a  newspaper  outside  of  the 
city   or  state  where   it  appears. 

Buenos  Aires  publications  circulate 
more  widely  throughout  Argentina 
than  do  other  South  American  publi- 
cations  in   their   respective   countries. 

South  America  is  primarily  a  news- 
paper rather  than  a  magazine  field. 
an<l  most  of  its  best  papers  are  morn- 
ing rather  than  evening  papers.  Out- 
side of  the  newspapers  there  are  no 
widely  circulating  media  except  the 
illustrated  weeklies.  Their  trade  journ- 
als are  not  important,  and  our  export 
trade  papers  printed  in  Spanish  and 
Portuguese,  together  with  catalogues 
and  other  means  that  have  been  found 
successful,  will  be  used  to  reinforce 
direct   salesmanship   among   the   trade. 

The  best  of  the  daily  newspapers  are 
very  good,  and  some  of  them,  partic- 
ularly those  of  Buenos  Aires,  would 
rank  as  great  newspapers.  The  in- 
dividual circulations  are  not  as  large 
as  ours.  For  example,  Buenos  Aires 
lias  about  tile  same  population  as 
Philadelphia  and  its  large  daily  has 
an  average  circulation  of  165,000. 


However,  there  are  more  newspapers 
published  than  with  us,  and  what  is 
more  important  to  advertisers,  they 
are  much  more  thoroughly  read.  In- 
stead of  buying  four  papers,  a  man 
will  buy  one  and  read  it  from  the  first 
page  to  the  last.  The  habit  of  skim- 
ming through  a  paper  is  not  common 
there,  and  their  leisurely  habits  are 
extended  to  their  reading  as  to  every- 
thing  else. 

Outside  of  the  newspapers,  the 
weekly  reviews  are  widely  read,  par- 
ticularly by  women.  They  are  rather 
cheaply  gotten  up,  being  printed  us- 
ually on  news  stock  and  not  on  cal- 
endared paper,  so  that  the  fine  effects 
seen  in  our  magazines  are  not  to  be 
found  in  these  "revistas"  or  weekly 
reviews.  They  cost  only  from  five  to 
ten  cents,  and  one  of  them  has  a  cir- 
culation of  over  100,000. 

There  are  no  audited  circulations, 
and  except  for  the  leading  publica- 
tions, the  publishers'  statements  must 
be  discounted  on  the  ground  of  en- 
thusiasm, or  suspicion  of  his  fellow 
publishers.  My  own  estimates  of  their 
actual  circulations  will  appear  in  my 
reports,  and  are  based  upon  a  very 
careful  checking  and  rechecking  se- 
cured from  a  great  many  unusual 
sources  to  which  1  had  access. 

Local  advertising  rates  are  usually 
much  lower  than  foreign  rates.  The 
South  American  publisher's  experience 
with  American  advertisers  has  been 
that  so  many  either  do  not  pay  their 
bills  or  pay  them  slowly,  that  he 
simply  tacked  on  enough  so  that  we 
would  pay  for  the  losses  and  delays. 
During  my  calls  on  hundreds  of  these 
publishers  1  realized  that  their  view- 
point could  not  be  changed  unless 
some  better  arrangement  for  prompt 
payment  could  be  affected. 

Local    Advertising    Rates 
Are  Lower  Than  Foreign 

I  therefore  made  arrangements  with 
all  the  important  publishers  whereby 
American  advertisers  can  secure  local 
rates  by  paying  their  bills  promptly 
through  the  local  branches  of  Ameri- 
can banks  in  South  America. 

As  regards  other  forms  of  advertis- 
ing such  as  street  cars,  painted  walls, 
bill  boards,  etc.,  which  are  widely 
used  in  many  of  the  large  South  Amer- 
ican cities,  in  their  present  shape  I 
doubt  if  they  are  readily  usable  by  an 
American  advertiser.  In  the  principal 
Brazilian  cities  the  street  car  adver- 
tising is  controlled  by  an  American 
and  is  consequently  better  handled 
than  elsewhere.  In  Buenos  Aires  all 
forms  of  outdoor  advertising  are  bet- 
ter developed  than  in  other  cities. 
However,  all  in  all,  the  uncertain 
prices,  the  loosely  organized  methods 
of  handling  them,  and,  above  all,  the 
very  bad  display  methods  in  vogue, 
render  them  of  very  much  less  conse- 
quence there  than  here,  where  they 
are  properly  handled. 


November    19  19 


19 


VIEW    IN    BUENOS   AIRES,    HARBOR 


At  present  there  are  no  advertising 
agencies  anywhere  in  South  America 
except  in  Buenos  Aires,  where  their 
work  is  purely  local  in  character.  They 
have  neither  the  training  nor  the  abil- 
ity to  render  the  intensive  and  highly 
complex  services  required  of  a  mod- 
ern American  advertising  agency.  They 
have  partially  met  the  demands  that 
have  been  made  on  them  but  these 
demands  were  very  simple  ones.  We 
have  passed  the  point  for  employing 
advertising  in  a  perfunctory  way  in 
Latin-America,  and  the  advertising 
agency  that  will  render  a  foreign 
service  at  all  commensurate  with  his 
domestic  service  will  be  a  highly  im- 
portant factor.  He  will  be  one  of 
the  indispensable  links  in  the  mer- 
chandising chain  that  will  uncover  the 
markets,  determine  the  media,  and 
devise  the  copy  appeal  to  use. 
Floundered  Between  Extremes 
In  Preparing  Advertising 
What  kind  of  copy  shall  we  use  in 
reaching  the  Latin-Americans?  is  a 
common  question.  It  seems  to  be  that 
we  have  been  floundering  between  two 
extremes.  On  the  one  hand  are  the 
advertisers  who  attempt  to  transmit 
or  translate  their  American  copy  lit- 
erally by  merely  putting  it  into  Span- 
ish or  Portuguese.  On  the  other  hand 
are  those  who  tell  us  that  South 
Americans  have  no  point  in  common 
with  us  and  that  therefore  an  entirely 
new  type  of  advertising  must  be  de- 
vised for  them,  just  as  though  they 
came  from  Mars  and  saw  everything 
upside  down. 

Personally,  I  don't  think  the  job  is 
either  as  simple  or  as  difficult  as  these 
two  extremes  make  it  out  to  be.  A 
literal  translation  of  American  adver- 
tising into  Spanish  or  Portuguese  is 
nearly  always  ineffective  and  some- 
times actually'  misleading,  because  it 
is  impossible  to  render  our  idioms  ex- 
actly into  another  language  and  make 
them  understood  as  the  writer  under- 
stood   them. 

Even  if  idioms  are  not  used  to  any 
great    extent,    an    exact   translation   is 


unfortunate,  because  all  the  flavor  of 
the  original  is  lost  and  in  translation 
it  becomes  weak  and  unnatural.  Tak- 
ing the  other  extremist — the  one  who 
thinks  Latin-Americans  walk  on  their 
heads  instead  of  their  feet — the  "bog- 
ey" he  uses  is  the  phrase  "they  are 
different."  He  is  right,  they  are  dif- 
ferent. But,  how  different,  and  in 
what  way?  That's  what  we  want  to 
know. 

Here    Are    Suggestions 
For      Effective      Copy 

Here  are  a  few  suggestions  1  would 
make  with  the  idea  that  on  them  we 
can  adapt  and  modify  our  American 
copy  appeals  so  as  to  be  effective  with 
Latin-Americans.  Their  language  is 
different,  and  whether  we  use  Spanish 
or  Portuguese,  it  should,  if  possible, 
be  written  by  one  of  their  own  people. 
By  that,  I  mean  that  a  Brazilian  should 
write  for  Brazilians,  an  Argentine  for 
Argentines,  a  Cuban  for  Cubans,  and 
so  on.  He  should  be  given  as  much 
latitude  as  the  man  who  conceived  the 
original  idea  in  English,  because  his 
is  the  task  of  adapting  that  idea  into 
the  language  of  his  own  people  so  as 
to  have  it  reach  them  in  the  easiest 
and   most  effective  way. 

He  should  have  a  sufficient  knowl- 
edge of  the  English  language,  and  of 
our  habits  of  thought,  to  be  able  to 
grasp  the  basic  idea  that  lies  behind 
the  advertising  as  it  is  originally  pre- 
sented in  English  and  then  he  should 
be  left  as  free  as  possible  to  "put  it 
over"  with  his  own  people.  He  knows 
the  customs,  the  habits  of  thought,  and 
the  little  every-day  habits  of  his  own 
people  just  as  we  know  ours.  He 
knows  the  little-big  differences  that 
climate  produces  in  people,  and  he 
knows  these  things  automatically  and 
without  consciously  thinking  about 
them   at   all. 

If  he  is  writing  to  an  Argentine, 
he  will  know  that  neither  languid 
senorita,s  or  moth-eaten  bull  fighters 
will  make  any  personal  appeal  to  them 
while  if  he  is  writing  to  Peruvians  he 
is    aware    that    the    toreador  and  the 


bull  ring  are  still  national  features. 
He  will  never  under  any  circumstances 
encourage  a  campaign  to  sell  over- 
coats along  the  coast  of  Brazil,  nor 
breakfast  foods  in  Peru,  lawn  mow- 
ers in  Chile,  or  Palm  Beach  clothes 
in  Buenos  Aires  in  July,  which  is  the 
middle  of  winter  there. 

Must    Educate    Dealers 
and  Supply  With  Helps 

We  need  to  educate  the  dealer  more, 
and  supply  him  with  helps  which  are 
not  provided  by  European  exporters. 
This .  is  an  American  idea  also,  just  as 
are  practical  demonstrations  of  mer- 
chandise, and  showing  a  dealer  how  to 
conduct  his  store  along  more  modern 
and  profitable  lines.  The  South  Amer- 
ican retailer  won't  take  to  these 
things  over  night  because  his  training 
and  traditions  are  all  against  it,  but 
if  he  can  see  that  these  things  will 
bring  him  more  business,  the  idea  will 
win  with  him,  provided  it  is  presented 
persistently  and  tactfully.  The  South 
American  importer  and  merchant,  by 
the  way,  is  seldom  if  ever  a  native 
South  American,  but  nearly  always  a 
Spaniard,  Italian,  Englishman,  Ger- 
man or  other  European. 

Regarding  trademarks,  register  your 
trademark  before  you  enter  South 
American  markets,  not  afterwards, 
and  have  it  registered  in  your  own 
name  and  not  in  the  name  of  your 
agent  or  representative.  Long  con- 
tinued use  of  a  mark  has  nothing 
whatever  to  do  with  the  ownership  of 
it  anywhere  in  South  America.  The 
man  who  registers  it  first,  owns  jt, 
and  can  prevent  you  from  using  your 
own   mark. 

In  some  Latin-American  countries 
it  is  not  even  necessary  for  the  one 
registering  it  to  ever  make  any  use 
of  it,  and  it  is  not  an  uncommon 
practice  to  make  a  business  of  regis- 
tering foreign  trade  marks  with  the 
sole  purpose  of  "holding  up"  the 
owner  later  on.  Even  if  you  have 
no  representation,  and  think  you 
never  will  have,  if  you  send  any  goods 
there  through  commission  houses,  reg- 
ister your  mark  just  the  same.  The 
day  may  come  when  you  will  need  it, 
and  when  it  may  cost  you  $50,000  to 
buy  it  back,  instead  of  the  s);50  it  may 
cost  you  today. 

Just  a  word  about  the  attitude  of 
South  America  toward  us,  and  I'm 
through.  All  in  all,  it  is  one  of  dis- 
tinct friendliness  toward  us,  and  in 
certain  countries,  notably  Brazil  and 
Uruguay,  the  feeling  of  friendliness 
toward  us  is  particularly  marked. 
There  is  no  suspicion  of  us  as  the  great 
Colossus  of  the  north  ready  to  take 
advantage  of  them  and  gobble  them 
up  when  opportunity  offers.  Generally 
speaking  their  people  are  not,  any 
better  acquainted  with  us  and  our 
country  than  we  are  with  them. 


20 


Pan   Pacific 


Convention  Called  to  Place  1 


SAN  FRANCISCO  has  become  the  headquarters  for  a 
new  world  movement  that  will  have  an  important 
bearing  on  world  trade  of  the  future.  That  movement 
has  for  its  object  the  placing  of  all  the  world  on  a  metric 
basis.  It  is  proposed  to  scrap  the  ununiform,  antiquated 
and  cumbersome  weight  and  measure  units  of  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  States  and  to  bring  these  two  leading  trad- 
ing nations  into  the  world  metric  family. 

An  active  campaign  with  this  end  in  view  is  being  con- 
ducted by  the  World  Trade  Club,  the  broader  title  as- 
sumed for  its  world  work  by  the  very  much  alive  and 
progressive  Foreign  Trade  Club  of  San  Francisco.  This 
campaign,  according  to  present  plans,  will  culminate  with 
a  great  metric  convention  in  San  Francisco  May  15,  1920, 
to  which  invitations  are  now  being  extended  to  commer- 
cial leaders,  scientists  and  metric  exponents  of  all  na- 
tionalities. 

It  is  a  tribute  to  the  vigor  of  this  campaign  that  those 
interests  which  would  benefit  by  having  Britain  and 
America  handicapped  out  of  the  world  trade  race  have 
taken  fright  at  the  magnitude  of  the  metric  movement  and 
have  endeavored  to  head  off  its  ultimate  success  by  is- 
suance of  abusive  propaganda,  not  directed  against  the 
metric  system  but  against  the  World  Trade  Club  and  a 
practical  philanthropist  who  is  devoting  his  time  and 
wealth  toward  making  the  way  easy  for  the  interchange 
of  trade  among  all  peoples.  A  sample  of  this  propaganda 
came  to  the  editor  of  this  magazine  with  a  personal  note 
suggesting  that  a  "good  story"  might  be  written  around 
the  attacks  upon  the  World  Trade  Club  and  the  gentlemen 
identified  with  the  metric  movement.  An  answer  to  that 
suggestion,  printed  elsewhere  in  this  issue  of  this  maga- 
zine, is  self-explanatory. 

PAN  PACIFIC  magazine  is  in  business  to  build  up  and 
not  to  tear  down.  It  stands  first,  last  and  all  the  time  for  the 
expansion  of  American  commerce  overseas  and  for  a  square 
deal  alike  for  American  traders  and  those  with  whom  they 
trade.  It  sees  in  a  world  metric  foundation  a  long  step 
toward  that  objective  and  its  columns  are  open  to  defend 
any  and  every  legitimate  movement  to  achieve  the  desired 
result. 

o 

GERMAN  TRADE  RETURNS  TO  PACIFIC 

TRAVELERS  returning  to  Pacific  ports  from  Siberia 
relate  the  growing  activity  and  importance  of  the 
port  of  Vladivostok.  Incidentally  they  tell  of  the  resump- 
tion of  German  trade  with  Russia-in-Asia  and  of  the  recent 
clearing  of  a  German  sailing  vessel  from  Vladivostok  with 
a  load  of  furs  for  Hamburg.  This  is  significant  of  the 
early  return  in  force  of  German  traders  to  the  Pacific. 


Russian  Asia  with  Vladivostok  as  its  port  of  entry  and 
with  one  of  the  terminals  for  the  Trans-Siberian  Railroad 
will  become  in  the  next  few  years  far  more  important  com- 
mercially than  prior  to  1914.  China,  Japan,  the  United 
States,  Germany,  England  and  many  other  countries  sold 
goods  into  this  section  of  Russia  before  the  war  and  will 
do  so  again. 

Drugs,  groceries  and  provisions,  paints  and  varnishes, 
flour,  guns  and  hunters'  ammunition,  railroad  equipment, 
candles,  soap,  paper,  books  and  stationery,  preserves  and 
clothing  including  underwear,  were  America's  main  exports 
to  that  section  of  the  world  preceding  1914.  But  today 
almost  every  line  of  merchandise  can  find  a  market  in 
Canada. 

In  the  immediate  district  of  Vladivostok  are  said  to  be 
14,184  Chinese  merchants  and  every  one  good  for  at  least 
$1,500  to  $10,000  in  merchandise.  In  that  section  are  also 
more  than  160,000  Russian  men  and  70,000  Russian  women, 
all  with  a  friendly  feeling  toward  United  States  products. 
There  are  nearly  50,000  Koreans  who  would  likewise  pur- 
chase certain  American  goods  that  would  be  suitable  to 
their  needs.  Besides  this,  there  are  natives,  Finns,  Jews, 
Tartars,  Saets,  Mordvines,  Poles  and  others  to  the  number 
of  almost  100,000  who  would  be  ready  purchasers  of  things 
badly  needed. 

Many  persons  have  the  idea  that  the  port  of  Vladivos- 
tok is  loaded  with  all  sorts  of  supplies  rotting  on  her 
docks.  It  is  true,  say  returning  soldiers,  that  she  has 
many  miles  of  machinery,  railroad  supplies,  automobile 
trucks  and  the  like,  but  when  it  comes  to  the  actual  every- 
day necessities  demanded  in  that  section  of  the  world  these 
are  lacking. 

Vladivostok  has  for  many  years  been  noted  for  the  ex- 
port of  high  grade  furs,  such  as  sable,  red  fox,  bear,  rein- 
deer, mountain  sheep,  wolf,  hair  seal,  river  otter,  sea  otter, 
blue  fox,  ermine  and  wolverine.  Besides  she  is  an  exporter 
of  fresh  and  salt  fish,  dried  fish  and  sour  fish.  Salmon  and 
codfish  are  big  export  items.  She  has  exported  as  much 
as  10,000,000  pounds  of  fish  in  six  months. 


CHINA'S  RECORD  EXPORT  TRADE 

CHINA'S  export  trade  in  1918  was  the  largest  ever 
recorded  despite  the  combined  depressing  effects  of 
internal  strife,  lack  of  shipping  facilities  and  high  ex- 
change rates.  Export  statistics  for  the  year,  just  to  hand, 
show  that  the  record  total  is  due  to  increases  made  in  many 
of  the  more  remote  ports,  the  large  export  ports  like 
Shanghai,  Hankow,  Tientsin  and  Canton  having  either  only 
made  slight  increases  or  at  best  only  held  their  own. 

China's   exports   in    1918   amounted   to    Haikwan    taels 
458,883,031,  an  increase  of  Haikwan  taels  22,951,401  over 


N  ov  ember    19  19 


21 


the  World  on  a  Metric  Basis 


the  total  for  1917  and  of  Haikwan  taels  4,085,66:")  over  the 
total  for  1916,  which  was  the  best  previous  record.  The 
average  value  of  the  Haikwan  tael  in  1918  was  gold  $1.26, 
in  1917  gold  $1.03  and  in  1916  gold  79  cents.  As  China's 
exports  in  1909  amounted  to  Haikwan  taels  3.38,992,814, 
when  the  Haikwan  tael  was  only  worth  63  cents  in  Amer- 
ican gold,  the  increase  within  the  last  decade  has  been 
Haikwan  taels  146,890,217. 

The  exports  show  that  Japan  continued  to  he  China's 
lust  customer  in  1918,  as  exports  to  Japan  for  the  year 
amounted  to  Hk.  Tls.  163,394,992.  The  British  Crown  col- 
ony of  Hong  Kong  holds  second  place  in  the  record  with 
exports  amounting  to  Hk.  Tls.  116,988,021.  Exports  to  the 
United  States  from  China  are  third  in  the  list  and 
amounted  to  Hk.  Tls.  77,134,205.  France  is  next  with  Hk. 
Tls.  30,469,677,  and  Great  Britain  is  in  fifth  place  with  Hk. 
Tls.  25,264,589,  but  it  should  be  stated  that  a  large  pro- 
portion of  exports  to  Hong  Kong  are  for  Great  Britain. 

Russia  was  formerly  China's  best  customer  for  teas, 
besides  consuming  large  quantities  of  other  Chinese  prod- 
acts.  How  the  disturbed  conditions  in  Russia  have  af- 
fected the  country's  credit  may  be  seen  from  the  fact  that 
Chinese  exports  to  European  ports  of  Russia  fell  from  Hk. 
Tls.  4,222,617  in  1917  to  Hk.  Tls.  83  in  the  year  covered 
by  the  report.  All  through  the  report  the  direct  effects  of 
the  war  in  Europe  are  to  be  seen.  In  1916  China  shipped 
goods  having  a  value  of  Hk.  Tls.  1,105.998  to  the  Nether- 
lands. When  the  blockade  against  the  Northern  neutrals 
became  effective  the  following  year  China's  exports  to  the 
Netherlands  dropped  to  Hk.  Tls.  26,336.  and  they  reached 
the  vanishing  point  in  1918. 


AUSTRALIAN  WOOL  SITUATION 

WHEN  the  shipping  problem  became  acute  and  the 
pastoralists  of  Australia  thought  their  wool  would 
become  a  drug  on  the  market — owing  to  the  impossibility 
of  securing  bottoms  during  the  submarine  phase  of  the 
war — the  British  Government,  needing  wool  supplies  for 
army  purposes,  bought  the  balance  of  the  Australian  clip 
of  1916-1917.  About  a  third  of  the  clip  had  already  been 
marketed.  Later  the  purchase  scheme  was  extended  to 
the  clip  of  1917-1918  and  then  again  for  the  period  of  the 
war  and  for  one  wool  year  thereafter.  The  British  con- 
tract now  terminates  in  June,  1920. 

The  British  Government  bought  the  wool  at  an  average 
price  of  about  31  cents  a  pound  of  greasy,  with  50  per 
cent  of  the  profits  on  sales  for  civilian  account.  These 
figures  represent  a  fairly  considerable  increase  on  pre-war 
prices.  The  British  Government  paid  cash  in  Australia 
fourteen  days  after  appraisement,  though  a  big  proportion 
of  the  wool  could  not  be  shipped  because  of  a  dearth  of 
tonnage.     This  unshipped  portion  was  stored  away  at  the 


risk  and  wish  of  the  Imperial  Government.  The  measure 
was  a  generous  one  to  Australia,  and  saved  the  financial 
situation  of  the  wool  raisers  and  pastoralists. 

The  activities  of  the  Central  Wool  Committee — the  con- 
trolling organization  of  the  wool  pool — for  the  season  of 
1918-1919  were  outlined  in  a  statement  tabled  in  the  Fed- 
eral House  of  Representatives  in  Melbourne  during  the 
week  of  August  9.  The  season's  wool  handled  amounted 
to  2,025,486  bales,  or  652,109,672  pounds.  This  compared 
with  the  figures  for  the  preceding  season  represents  an 
increase  of  115,554  bales,  or  35,152,963  pounds.  The  av- 
erage appraised  price  was  31  cents  a  pound  of  wool  in  a 
greasy  state  and  about  50  cents  a  pound  of  scoured  wool. 

The  statement  adds  that  the  British  Ministry  of  Supply 
has  accepted  the  Wool  Council's  recommendation  that 
prices  of  the  commodity  be  maintained  upon  a  uniform 
level  for  at  least  three  months  from  October  1,  1919,  con- 
sistent with  the  need  of  protecting  Great  Britain's  and 
Australia's  interests.  Concluding  the  statement  points  out 
that  the  Commonwealth  Government  will  rigidly  guard 
Australian  industry  and  British  interests  in  its  control  of 
the  wool  production,  excercising  due  caution  in  the  distri- 
bution of  the  product,  but  keeping  in  mind  always  the  fair 
interests  of  the  consuming  world  at  large. 

o 

JAPANESE  COMPETITION  IN  NEW  ZEALAND 

THAT  Japan  is  steadily  becoming  a  more  powerful 
competitor  of  the  United  States  in  trade  with  New 
Zealand  is  shown  in  a  report  recently  received  here  from 
Charles  G.  Winslow,  U.  S.  Vice  Consul  at  Auckland,  N.  Z. 
Japan's  exports  to  New  Zealand  are  increasing  rapidly 
and  they  consist  almost  entirely  of  manufactured  goods. 
During  the  war  period,  says  the  report,  large  quantities 
of  Japanese  goods  flooded  this  market,  some  of  which  were 
of  a  fairly  good  quality,  but  some  were  very  shoddy.  The 
shoddy  goods  were  imported  chiefly  during  1916  and  1917, 
since  which  time  the  quality  of  the  Japanese  manufactures 
has  greatly  improved.  The  increased  trade  between  Japan 
and  New  Zealand  for  the  last  six  years  is  shown  by  the  fol- 
lowing table : 

Kxports  to  Imports  from 

Year.                                                                        Japan.  Japan. 

1913   $14,166  $    735,357 

1914   289,594  912,472 

1915   668,968  1,480,982 

1916   535,533  2,739,712 

1917  21,353  3,060,162 

1918   26,351  5,912,140 

It  will  be  noted  that  New  Zealand  exports  to  Japan 
have  fallen  off  greatly  during  the  last  two  years,  owing  to 
the  fact  that  wool,  the  principal  export  to  that  country, 
was  commandeered  by  the  British  Government.  The  ex- 
port of  wool  to  Japan  in  1913  amounted  to  $12,870,  in  1914 
to  $288,203,  in  1915  to  $657,502  and  in  1916  to  $528,583. 


22 


Pan    Pacific 


BIRDSEYE    VIEW    OF    MAGNIFICENT    HARBOR    AT    VANCOUVER,    B.    C. 


COFFEE  SHORTAGE 

FEARED  FOR  BRAZIL 


A  GREAT  coffee  shortage  for  the 
next  three  years  is  forecasted  by 
Henrique  Villares,  owner  of  extensive 
coffee  plantations  in  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil. 
About  two-thirds  of  the  coffee  trees, 
he  said,  were  destroyed  by  frost  this 
year.  The  frost  was  the  most  severe 
experienced  in  forty-five  years,  and  it 
so  affected  the  crop  for  this  year  that 
instead  of  1.5,000,000  bags  the' total  for 
l!)l!l  will  reach  but  a  little  more  than 
:i.000,000  bags. 

Mr.  Villares,  who  is  visiting  the 
United  States  for  the  first  time,  told 
how  the  coffee  planters  had  saved 
themselves  from  being  ruined  through 
the  destruction  of  their  coffee  crops 
by  planting  cotton.  He  discussed 
trade  and  labor  conditions  in  Brazil, 
and  said  that  the  United  States  w;is 
missing  great  trade  opportunities.  He 
advocated  the  opening  of  a  trade  ex- 
position in  his  State,  and  said  that 
manufacturers  would  obtain  bigger 
and  better  orders  by  making  a  display 
of  the  goods  they  had  to  offer. 

"The  cotton  crop  was  so  great  that 
the  mills  could  not  take  care  of  it, 
and  we  found  ourselves  short  of  ma- 
chines that  would  press  it  into  com- 
pact bales  for  export,"  said  Mr.  Vil- 
lares.  "The  Government  of  Brazil. 
however,  came  to  our  rescue  and  in- 
stalled compressing  plants,  and  we 
were  able  to  export  the  sm*plus  cot- 
ton. Business  conditions  in  Brazil 
are  very  good.  This  is  especially  true 
of  Pao  Paulo.  In  the  town  of  that 
name  many  banks  have  opened  in  the 
past  year.  Ainong  them  are  English, 
Italian,   Portuguese   and    American. 

"Cattle  raising  is  becoming  more 
and. more  extensive.  Thousands  of  ad- 
ditional acres  of  land  have  been  and 
are  being  opened  for  grazing.  Armour 
&  Company  have  just  opened  a  big 
killing  and  refrigerating  plant  ami 
Wilson  &  Company  have  also  recently 
acquired  a  similar  plant.  There  are 
two  others  in  Sao  Paulo  operated  by 
Paulistic  capital.     In  addition  to  these 


there     are     also      many     slaughtering 

plants  on  the  State. 

"Labor,  however,  is  somewhat 
scarce.  We  have  obtained  a  number  of 
Japanese  laborers  and  have  -had  very 
satisfactory  results.  We  are  trying 
now  to  obtain  Chinese  coolies.  With 
conditions  improving  at  the  rate  they 
are,  I  have  no  hesitation  in  saying  that 
there  can  be  used  fully  500,000  more 
laborers. 

"Trade  conditions  are  excellent  and 
the  people  of  Brazil  are  ready  and 
willing  to  do  business  with  the  people 
of  the  United  States.  Hut  we  want 
to  do  it   direct  with  you. 

"In  most  cases  your  business  houses 
deal  with  us  only  through  agents. 
Very  few  of  them  bave  their  own  rep- 
resentatives such  as  have  the  business 
concerns  of  England,  France,  Portu- 
gal.   Italy   and   other   countries. 

"If  you  would  send  your  own  peo- 
ple to  Brazil  I  am  sure  that  the  re- 
sults would  be  greater  than  you  would 
anticipate.  I  am  sure  that  a  trade  ex- 
position would  be  an  excellent  idea. 
At  that  exposition  your  manufacturers 
could  display  your  various  machinery, 
implements,  goods,  etc.,  and  we  of 
Brazil  could  have  the  opportunity  of 
seeing  what  you  had  to  offer.  It  is  he- 
cause  the  other  countries   have  let  us 


see  what  they  had  to  sell  that  they 
got  so  much  of  our  business. 

"Since  the  war  we  have  come  to 
know  your  articles  and  wares  better 
than  ever  before.  We  have  tried  them 
and  found  them  to  be  very  satisfac- 
tory and  we  are  anxious  to  try  more. 
Take  your  cement,  as  an  example;  we 
could  not  believe  that  it  was  even 
the  equal  of  that  brought  from  Eu- 
rope, but  we  have  learned  differently 
and  the  demand  for  it  is  now7  big. 

"You  should  advertise  your  goods 
more  extensively.  When  we  coffee 
planters  made  our  bid  for  your  trade 
we  raised  one  million  dollars  for  ad- 
vertising in  the  United  States.  We 
think  that  our  example  could  be  fol- 
lowed out  to  great  advantage  to  your 
business  houses  and  manufacturing  in- 
terests. 

"There  are  opportunities  not  only 
for  the  sales  of  goods  and  for  the  in- 
vestment of  money,  hut  also  for  skilled 
labor.  We  would  like  to  see  come  to 
Brazil  men  who  are  able  to  handle 
the  machinery  you  sell  us,  profes- 
sional men,  and  for  that  matter  men 
of  every  calling. 

"We  in  Brazil  are  enjoying  good 
government.  The  election  of  Dr.  Epi- 
tacio  Pessoa  has  greatly  pleased  the 
people  of  Brazil.  His  appointments  of 
Ministers  have  also  been  excellent, 
especially  Dr.  Azevedo  Margues  as 
Foreign  Minister.  We  are  certain  that 
this  will  make  for  more  friendly  re- 
lations between  our  country  and  the 
I'nited  States  and  bring  about  excel- 
lent treatment  for  those  who  come 
from   your  countrv  to  ours." 


PAN  PACIFIC  TRADE  NOTES 


The  fact  that  the  Bombay  Electric 
Tramway  Company,  Bombay,  India,  re- 
cently placed  an  order  for  130  tram 
trucks  in  America  on  account  of  the 
advantageous  prices  quoted  indicates 
that  there  is  further  opportunity  for 
the  marketing  in  India  of  this  and 
kindred   lines. 


The  Philippine  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce is  considering  the  compilation  of 
reliable  credit  information,  which  it 
intends  to  publish  for  the  information 
of  the  foreign  patrons  of  the  islands 
or  to  furnish  it  upon  application. 


A  new  mill  for  the  manufacture  of 
fine  thread  is  to  be  established  in 
Shanghai,  China,  with  a  capital  of  $1,- 
600,000.  Chinese  owned  spinning  and 
weaving  plants  are  also  taking  steps 
to  enlarge  their  present  facilities,  and 
this  offers  a  field  for  American  cotton 
machinery. 


The  principal  users  of  resin  and  tur- 
pentine in  Australia  are  manufacturers 
of  shoe  polishes,  paints  and  soaps,  and 
the  United  States  supplies  practically 
all  of  this  trade.  Out  of  $708,634  of 
resin  imported  in  1918  $705,695  was 
from  the  United  States,  and  of  $446,- 
525  of  turpentine  imported  $446,486 
came    from   the   United    States. 


November    1919 


23 


yhcfrWhd'gfeff^R^ 


ALBERT  HERBERT 
WORLD  TRADE  CLUB 
METRIC   MOVEMENT 


Deal-    Sir: 

I  have  your  note  written  on  your 
personal  card  suggesting  that  I  might 
find  a  good  story  in  your  attacks  upon 
the  World  Trade  Club,  the  Metric  Sys- 
tem and  Albert  Herbert.  1  have  taken 
the  trouble  to  read  the  abusive  cir- 
cular letter  you  enclosed,  which,  par- 
don the  allusion,  sounds  suspiciously 
like  GERMAN  WORM)  TRADE  AND 
WOULD  WAR  PROPAGANDA. 

Before  acting  upon  your  suggestion 
or  answering  your  request  I  have 
taken  the  time  to  investigate  the 
World  Trade  Club,  to  study  a  little 
more  closely  the  growth  and  present 
extensive  use  of  metric  emits  and  to 
look  up  the  record  of  Albert  Herbert. 
Since  you  have  not  minced  words 
in  your  attempted  excoriation  of  the 
noble  efforts  of  a  practical  philan- 
thropist and  a  public  spirited  organ- 
ization to  accomplish  good  for  human 
kind.  I  will  reply  as  freely  concerning 
my  "discoveries"  as  to  the  basis  of 
the  good  story  you  so  ingeniously  sug- 
gest  and   request. 

1.  As  to  the  World  Trade  Club. 
That  is  the  broader  title  assumed  for 
its  world  work  by  an  organization  of 
five  hundred  live-wire  manufacturing 
merchants  engaged  in  world  commerce, 
whose  local  activities  are  conducted 
under  the  more  local  title  of  Foreign 
Trade  Club  of  San  Francisco.  For  its 
metric  campaign  objection  was  taken, 
on  excellent  grounds,  to  the  inference 
of  the  word  "Foreign"  as  applied  to 
Canada.  Australia,  New  Zealand,  Tas- 
mania, United  South  Africa,  British 
Isles,  France.  Italy  and  other  allies 
of  the  Tinted  States  of  America  in  the 
world  war  so  recently  concluded. 
Brothers-inarms  in  SAVING  CIVIL- 
IZATION, they  ought  to  be  and  are 
brothers- in-arms  in  easing  the  way  for 
world  trade— despite  devious  efforts 
of  the  late  military  enemy  to  force 
the  retention  of  the  heavy  handicap  of 
on-uniform  ANTIQUATED  and  CUM- 
BERSOME WEIGHT  and  MEASURE 
UNITS. 

2.  As  to  the  Metric  ("nits.  When 
if  is  recalled  that  among  212  countries. 
comprising  82  per  cent  of  Earth's 
population,  metric  units  are.  or  in  pro- 
cess of  becoming,  almost  exclusively 
employed    in    world    trade,    the    activi- 


AN  ANSWER  TO  ATTACK 
BY  SAMUEL  S.DALE 
EDITOR  TEXTILE 
BOSTON,  MASS. 


BY 


JOHN  H.  GERRIE 
EDITOR  PAN  PACIFIC 
BUSINESS  and  FINANCIAL  EDITOR 
SAN  FRANCISCO  BULLETIN 


ties  of  OERMAN  PROPAGANDISTS 
to  keep  British  and  American  com- 
merce out  of  this  potential  circle  will 
be  readily  understood.  That  any 
American  publication,  daily,  weekly 
or  monthly,  could  so  palpably  play 
into  the  hands  of  Germans-  by  attempt- 
ing to  interfere  with  the  movement 
to  brin»  the  United  States  into  the 
WORLD  METRIC  FAMILY,  would 
seem  to  be  a  better  story  than  the 
one   you   suggest. 

.'{.  As  to  Albert  Herbert.  Since 
your  grievance  appears  to  be  partic- 
ularly bitter  toward  this  man,  who 
you  apparently  have  singled  out  for 
persecution  following  well  known 
German  propaganda  tactics,  and 
who.  as  you  say,  "has  made  no  effort 
to  gam  the  personal  publicity  which 
might  easily  have  been  his,'-  1  have 
made  a  special  effort  to  adduce  all 
the  addueable  facts  concerning  his 
public  career.  As  you  intimate,  his 
extreme  modesty,  amounting  almost 
to  self-effacement,  has  made  that  end 
of  the  investigation  most  difficult,  but 
such  data  as  has  come  to  me  from  a 
variety  of  authoritative  sources,  fur- 
nishes a  record  of  public  zeal  and 
achievement  that  has  few  parallels 
among  public  benefactors  who  started 
the  race   of  life  at   scratch. 

Albert  Herbert,  who  with  his 
charming  wife,  for  several  years  has 
occupied  the  choicest  suite  of  rooms 
in  the  St.  Francis  Hotel  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, seems  animated  by  a  single  ob- 
ject in  life,  and  that  is 'to  DO  GOOD 
TO  ALL  HUMANKIND.  That  object 
lias  in  this  particular  work  taken  the 
form  of  helping  to  remove  the  largest 
obstacle  to  the  unhampered  inter- 
change of  trade  among  all  nations  and 
all  peoples;  hence  his  leadership  in  the 
movement  to  put  ALL  THE  WORLD 
ON  A  METRIC  BASIS.  To  that 
movement  he  gives  unsparingly  of  his 
time  and  apparently  devotes  a  consid- 
erable part  of  his  wealth.  His  most 
dominant  trait  is  his  modesty,  for  he 
shuns   personal   publicity. 

You  somewhat  insinuatingly  demand 
to  know  who  is  this  man  who  is  aiding 
and  backing  the  world  metric  move- 
ment in  the  campaign  carried  on  bv 
the  World  Trade  Club.  Well,  among 
other    things,    I    find    him    eminent    in 


the  American  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers  with  offices  at  30 
Church  street.  New  York.  He  was 
chairman  of  the  famous  Carnegie  Met7 
rie  Committee  (see  report  of  Carnegie 
Committee,  World  Trade  Club  Metric 
Letter  :i,  entitled  "Metric  Units  to 
Unite  the  World"),  that  after  a  year's 
investigation  reported  favorably  on 
the  adoption  of  the  metric  system  by 
the  United  States.  Theodore  C.  Search, 
for  many  years  the  president  and  the 
founder  of  that  organization,  now  hav- 
ing 7,000  members  of  manufacturing 
concerns,  urged  the  exclusive  legality 
of  Metric  Units  before  Congress.  Al- 
bert Herbert  is  a  life  member  of  As- 
sociations for  the  Advancement  of 
Science  in  the  United  States.  British 
Isles,  Canada,  Australasia,  France. 
Italy  and  United  South  Africa;  he  is 
a  life  member  of  the  British  Decimal 
Association,  London  (whose  chairman 
is  also  chairman  of  the  Royal  Com- 
mission on  Imperial  weights,  meas- 
ures and  coinage),  and  a  life  mem- 
ber of  the  Decimal  Association  of  Man- 
chester (whose  president  is  the  Lord 
Mayor  of  Manchester  and  whose  hon- 
orable secretary-treasurer  is  Harry 
Allcock).  Albert  Herbert  is  also  a  life 
member  of  the  American  Decimal  Met- 
ric Association  of  New  York,  and  the 
James  Watt  Centenary,  Birmingham, 
British  Tsles.  (James  Watt,  the  world's 
greatest  engineer,  whose  genius  made 
possible  to  humankind  the  steam  en- 
gine, steamboat,  steam  railway,  steam 
pump,  steam  turbine — Watt  thought 
his  greatest  work  the  Watt  Measuring 
System,  whose  three  principal  units 
became  meter-liter-gram.) 

Albert  Herbert  is  known  to  com- 
mercial leaders,  scientists  and  uplift- 
era  the  world  over,  especially  in  New 
York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Leicester,  London,  Manchester 
a7id  Birmingham.  He  has  girdled  the 
globe,  has  visited  almost  every  corner 
of  the  earth's  surface;  he  knows 
America  from  Alaska  to  Terra  del 
Fuego ;  he  has  traded  on  about  every 
island  in  the  Pacific  large  enough  for 
a  sea-plane  to  make  a  safe  landing 
on ;  he  has  penetrated  the  Orient  to 
;dl  its  holy  places,  the  Far  East  and 
Africa   1.000  miles  up  the   Nile. 

(Continued  <>n  next  imse) 


24 


Pan    Pacific 


U.  S.  IDEAS 
BEGINNING 
TO  INVADE 
FAR  EAST 


By  CLARENCE  E.  BOSWORTH 
o 

SINCE   the   advent  of  really   repre- 
sentative American  salesmen  into 

the  markets  of  the  Far  East  they  have 
"sold"  themselves,  their  merchandise, 
and  to  a  inost  gratifying  extent  Amer- 
ican ideas  of  credit  terms.  .  The  effect 
of  their  influence  upon  retailing  meth- 
ods and  the  selection  of  merchandise 
is  shown  in  almost  every  important 
retail  store  on  the  far  Pacific  Coast. 

If  the  quality  of  our  salesmen  is 
carefully  maintained  abroad  American 
salesmen  will  soon  be  taken  as  seri- 
ously by  foreign  buyers  as  by  our 
buyers  here  at  home.  Certain  it  is 
that  they  can  be  of  even  greater  ser- 
vice to  the  buyers  overseas  because 
of  their  great  distance  from  the 
sources  of  supply  and  infrequency  of 
their  visits  to  the  great  markets  of 
the  world. 

It  is  a  wonderfully  fine  thing  for 
the  American  salesmen  in  the  Far  East 
to  be  able  to  adapt  himself  to  the 
business  customs  of  the  several  coun- 
tries and  to  be  flexible  enough -to  hu- 
mor the  buyers  of  the  different  na- 
tionalities, but  it  is  a  finer  type  of 
American  salesman  Avho  is  ever  mind- 
ful of  the  fact  that  the  home  office  and 
the  factory  are  entitled  to  a  generous 
measure  of  consideration,  and  per- 
suades buyers  to  proceed  according 
to  the  established  customs  of  the  firm 
he   represents. 


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A    VIEW    IN    CALCUTTA 


One  of  the  largest  retail  firms  in  the 
Southern  Hemisphere  has  a  most  pe- 
culiar method  of  running  its  purchas- 
ing department.  The  system  begins  in 
a  large  cheerless  room  with  a  hard 
"Quaker"  bench  along  one  side  for 
waiting  salesmen  to  make  themselves 
comfortable  upon  until  a  purchasing 
department  clerk  appears  behind  the 
long  counter,  which  is  partitioned  off 
like  a  row  of  voting  booths.  These 
partitions  furnish  a  certain  amount 
of  privacy  when  showing  samples  and 
making  quotations.  Overhead  is  a 
large  sign,  which  says,  "No  Smoking." 
Just  inside  the  door  at  the  right  is 
the    cigar   and    tobacco    department. 

The  purchasing  system  stages  its 
second  act  within  the  confines  of  a 
sample  room,  the  sacredness  of  which 
no  salesman   ever  contaminates.     Over 


the  counter  of  the  outer  room  samples 
with  prices  attached  are  passed  to  a 
clerk,  who  gives  a  receipt  for  them, 
and  the  salesman  goes  his  anxious 
way.  The  samples  are  then  given  lot 
numbers,  all  marks  which  indicate  the 
origin  of  the  goods  are  removed,  and 
the  department  buyers  are  invited  to 
look  the  samples  over.  Selections  are 
made  according  to  sample  only.  Orders 
are  not  placed  through  the  salesman. 
ican  purchases  these  orders  are  for- 
warded through  the  firm's  London 
office. 

Of  course  this  system  does  not  meet 
with  the  approval  of  American  sales- 
men at  all  and  most  of  them  have  the 
temerity  to  express  their  disapproval 
of  it.  The  firm's  representatives 
usually  answer  these  complaints  with 
the    question :    "What    is    the    matter 


IN  DEFENSE  OF  THE  METRIC  MOVEMENT  AND  ITS  SPONSORS 


(Continued  from  preceding  page) 

In  your  own  Boston  you  will  find 
that  Albert  Herbert  is  known  to  Gov- 
ernor W.  L.  Douglas,  the  shoe  man ; 
to  Bliss,  the  Regal  shoe  man ;  to  Will- 
iam B.  Rice,  the  Educator  shoe  man ; 
to  George  T.  Keith,  the  Walkover  shoe 
man ;  to  the  president  of  the  Boston 
<  Chamber  of  Commerce ;  to  Senator 
Weeks ;  to  the  president  of  the  Boston 
Hoot  and  Shoe  Club,  and  to  the  Boot 
and  Shoe  Recorder.  W.  B.  Rice  said 
of  Albert  Herbert:  "He  knows  more 
of  the  science  of  simplifying,  especial- 
ly of  weights  and  measures,  than  any 
man  I  know  of,"  and  urged  him  to 
lecture  before  the  Boston  Boot  and 
Shoe  Club. 

For  eighteen  consecutive  yeai-s  Al- 
bert Herbert  was  president  of  the  Hub 
Core  Makers  of  Boston,  manufacturers 
of    rubber    elastic    products,    and    for 


ten  years  president  and  treasurer  of 
Leolastic.  BajTonne,  Port  of  New  York, 
embracing  model  mills  near  the  Statue 
of  Liberty.  (Its  great  tank  is  shown 
in  photos  including  the  Woolwortli 
Building.)  He  was  director  of  Ever- 
lastic,  until  the  outbreak  of  the  war, 
when  he  was  given  a  war  job  and 
promsied  $1  per  year.  During  the 
war  he  lost  a  son  and  his  daughter. 
Gladaid,  age  twenty-five.  He  has  a 
son,  Major  Wilwyn  Herbert,  age  thir- 
ty-four, who  is  assistant  treasurer  and 
director  of  Everlastic,  395  Broadway, 
New  York,  also  another  son,  Private 
Serval   Herbert,   age   twenty-three. 

Albert  Herbert  is  described  as  a 
business  engineer — like  Edison  he  is  a 
finisher  of  botched  jobs.  He  is  con- 
sulted only  on  difficult  eases,  those 
considered  impossible  by  others.  He 
has  never  been  known  to  fail  in  what 


he  undertakes,  either  in  solving  busi- 
ness problems,  or  in  prompt  payment 
of  his  bills.  This  may  be  confirmed 
by  Dun's  or  Bradstreets's,  who  first 
reported   him   established  in   1883. 

This  data  ought  to  be  sufficient,  Mr. 
Dale,  to  calm  any  fears  as  to  the  rec- 
ord, reliability  and  ability  of  one  of 
the  directors  and  backers  of — the  one 
who  receives  the  money  and  spends  it 
for — the  World  Trade  Club  metric 
movement  to  place  the  United  States 
on  AN  EQUAL  FOOTING  with  Ger- 
many and  other  metric  nations  in  the 
great  struggle  for  world  trade — if  any 
fears  as  to  the  character  of  the  World 
Trade  Club  or  the  members  thereof 
actually  had  been  felt!  In  the  mean- 
time any  human  who  opposes  metric 
unit  standardization  is  barking  up  the 
wrong  tree— if  he's  not  A  .GERMAN 
DACHSHUND. 


November    19  19 


25 


with  our  system?  Aren't  we  the  larg- 
est retailers  south  of  the  equator?" 

I  know  of  only  one  salesmen  who 
succeeded  in  getting  this  firm  to  make 
an  exception  to  its  buying  rule.  When 
the  buying  room  clerk  explained  the 
system  to  him  he  said:  "I  am  sorry. 
My  line  is  an  extra  profit  and  extra 
business  proposition.  Unless  I  can  see 
your  buyer  I  cannot  show  your  people 
what  I  have  to  offer  in  a  way  which 
is  fair  either  to  us  or  to  you."  From 
the  little  conversation  he  had  with 
the  clerk  that  individual  became  in- 
terested and  urged  the  submitting  of 
samples  in  the  customary  way,  with 
an  explanatory  letter  to  accompany 
them.     The  salesman  flatly  refused. 

After  some  maneuvering  he  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  an  audience  with  the 
merchandise  manager  of  the  store. 
To  this  individual  he  explained  fully 
why  he  would  not  allow  his  samples 
to  be  "run  through  the  mill." 

"No,  sir,"  he  said,  "my  line  cannot 
be  judged  fairly  from  the  mere  looks 
of  the  samples  I  have  with  me  and, 
while  it  is  good  value  merchandise,  we 
do  not  care  to  have  it  judged  by  stan- 
dards of  its  intrinsic  value  alone.  We 
should  like  to  place  our  line  with  you, 
but,  despite  the  fact  that  yours  is  the 
most  sought  for  account  in  the  whole 
Southern  Hemisphere,  we  will  not 
place  our  line  with  you  unless  we  are 
certain  it  will  be  understood  thor- 
oughly by  your  salesmen  and  sales- 
women and  properly  featured  by  your- 
selves. I  am  certain,  sir,  that  you 
will  find  the  time  well  spent  if  you 
and  your  department  head  will  come 
over  to  my  sample  room,  see  my  sam- 
ples and  hear  my  story." 

An  Exception  Was  Made 
And  the  Line  Was  Placed 

The  exception  was  made  and  the 
Hue  was  placed.  It  is  now  being  han- 
dled in  conformity  with  the  sales  plan 
of  the  home  office  and  the  connection 
is  mutually  profitable  and  satisfactory. 
This  salesman  was  so  sure  of  his 
ground  that  he  made  this  comment  to 
the  firm's  representatives: 

"For  ordinary  merchandise  I  do  not 
question  the  efficiency  of  your  buying 
system,  but  I  do  question  the  advis- 
ability of  your  adhering  too  closely 
to  it  when  dealing  with  salesmen  from 
overseas. 

"Most  of  us  overseas  salesmen  carry 
special  lines — lines  which  are  not 
necessarily  competitive.  Often  our  of- 
ferings are  of  absolutely  new  mer- 
chandise with  which  your  buyers  are 
not  familiar.  This  special  merchan- 
dise must  be  explained  to  your  buyers 
so  that  they  in  turn  may  explain  it 
to  their  department  salespeople.  Your 
system  acts  as  a  barrier  to  the  intro- 
duction of  new  luxuries  and  conven- 
iences— lines  which  raise  the  up-to- 
date  store  from  the  plane  of  a  mere 
seller  of  necessities  to  that  of  an  in- 
stitution which  renders  maximum  ser- 


SHORTAGE  IN  RICE 
THROUGHOUT  ORIENT 


(Yokohama  Correspondence) 
r  I  "'HE  rice  supply  of  Japan  is 
■*-  thought  to  be  adequate  until  this 
year's  crop  is  placed  upon  the  market, 
though  prices  are  higher  than  last  year 
and  the  government  has  announced 
that  it  will  import  large  quantities  in 
order  to  reduce  prices.  There  is  a  ten- 
dency to  withhold  stocks  from  sale  be- 
cause of  the  high  prices  in  Saigon,  the 
scarcity  in  the  Philippines  and  the  re- 
ports of  embargoes  by  Siam  and  Tonk- 
ing. 

The  rice  market  in  the  Philippines 
was  very  active  in  July,  with  sharp 
rises  in  price,  especially  in  Saigon 
rice,  which  is  suitable  for  export  to 
Europe  and  the  United  States,  as  it 
is  of  superior  quality  and  polished. 
Corn  was  also  active  owing  to  the 
small  offerings.  Flour  was  firm,  though 
the  supply  was  sufficient  for  local  de- 
mands. The  supply  of  sugar  was  less 
than  the  demand,  although  all  grades 
were  offered.  Copra  prices  continue 
to  advance  with  a  good  market  for  all 
grades,  while  cocoanut  oil  was  steady, 
in  spite  of  the  number  of  oil  mills 
which  have  been  erected  recently. 
Meats  and  cattle  remained  firm,  though 
the  supply  was  sufficient  for  the  local 
demands.  Weekly  price  quotations 
are  being  received  from  Manila. 

The  rice  crop  of  French  Indo-China 
will   permit   the   export  next  year   of 


only  540,000  tons,  compared  with  1,- 
400,000  tons  this  year.  The  higher 
prices,  however,  resulting  from  the 
scarcity  due  to  bad  harvests  through- 
out the  Far  East,  will  give  the  planters 
adequate  returns. 

The  crop  failures  in  the  Far  East 
are  causing  grave  anxiety  in  British 
North  Borneo,  and  the  prices  of  Siam- 
ese rice  are  more  than  three  times  as 
high  as  two  years  ago.  The  shortage 
is  even  now  so  acute  that  a  food  con- 
troller has  been  appointed.  The  gov- 
ernment conducts  the  import  of  rice 
through  agents,  and  the  laborers  in 
the  estates  have  been  rationed.  The 
rents  of  all  lands  planted  with  rice 
have  been  temporarily  reduced,  the 
government  has  agreed  to  buy  all  sur- 
plus rice  at  a  fixed  price  for  two  years, 
employers  are  required  to  plant  ap- 
proved foodstuffs,  and  a  campaign  is 
under  way  to  encourage  the  use  of 
substitutes  and  stimulate  planting 
foodstuffs  of  all  kinds. 

The  price  of  tapioca  has  been  ad- 
vancing in  both  Singapore  and  Pe- 
nang,  Straits  Settlements,  as  a  result 
of  large  purchases,  and  no  reduction 
is  anticipated  in  the  near  future.  The 
production  of  sago  continues  normal, 
but  the  demand  has  exceeded  the  sup- 
ply and  prices  haveadvanced  with 
tapioca. 


vice  to  the  community  through  the 
introduction  of  new  things,  the  pos- 
session of  Avhich  adds  to  the  comfort, 
enjoyment  or  something  else  of  the 
individuals  in  the  community." 

Latest  reports  from  this  store  indi- 
cate that  the  expression  of  this  sound 
reasoning  had  its  effect  and  that  new 
ideas  in  merchandise  are  finding  a 
more  cordial  reception  in  this  par- 
ticular institution.  It  is  a  wise  sales- 
man who  assures  himself  that  his  mer- 
chandise will  be  properly  handled  in 
the  retail  store  in  which  he  places  it. 
The  case  recited  above  is  extreme  even 
for  the  Far  East,  but  it  serves  the 
purpose  to  illustrate  the  true  position 
of  the  American  salesman.  If  he  is 
worth  while  as  a  salesman  he  is  an 
educator  quite  as  much  as  an  order 
taker. 

It  is  in  this  that  he  differs  from 
most  salesmen  from  other  countries 
with  whom  he  comes  into  competition. 
As  a  rule,  American  manufactured  ar- 
ticles for  general  use  or  wear  are 
higher  priced  than  manufactures  from 


other  countries  for  similar  purposes. 
Also,  as  a  rule,  credit  terms  are  less 
attractive  to  buyers,  but  the  American 
product  also  usually  excels  in  style, 
finish  and  package,  and  if  it  is  an 
article  of  wearing  apparel  it  always 
excels  in  fit.  In  many  things,  this  one 
item  of  fit  assures  longer  wear  with  a 
degree  of  satisfaction  which  is  emi- 
nently greater  to  the  consumer. 

It  is  because  of  these  superiorities 
in  the  finer  points  of  our  manufac- 
tured merchandise  that  we  have  de- 
veloped the  distinctly  American  sales- 
man who,  because  of  his  unusual  study 
of  markets  and  knowledge  of  merchan- 
dise, becomes  a  valuation  man  for  any 
buyer  or  retailer  to  talk  to.  This  is 
seldom  true  of  salesmen  from  other 
countries  and  it  is  quite  surprising  to 
the  American  salesman  to  find  that 
salesmen  abroad  are  not  set  upon  the 
pedestals  which  they  occupy  here  in 
America,  and  it  is  with  pardonable 
pride  that  Americans  observe  the 
growing  cordiality  with  which  foreign 
buyers  greet  salesmen  from  the  U.S.A. 


26 


Pan    Pacific 


South  American  Orders  Neglected 

Complaint  Is  Made  That  Exporters  in  United  States  Seek  Foreign  Markets  Only 

To  Take  Care  of  Over-Production  at  Home 


By  F.   EUGENE   ACKERMAN 

Editor  Export  American  Industries 

— o — 

COMPLAINTS  are  being  received 
from  merchants  in  South  Amer- 
ica that  exporters  in  the  United  States 
are  neglecting  to  fill  their  orders,  and 
there  are  pointed  comments  regarding 
our  propensity  to  seek  foreign  mar- 
kets when  we  have  an  overproduction, 
but  to  entirely  neglect  them  when  we 
can  sell  our  product  at  home. 

Of  course,  it  is  a  well  known  fact 
that  nearly  every  industry  in  the 
United  States  finds  that  it  can  sell  its 
output — and  more — in  this  country. 
Manufacturers  are  able  to  book  orders 
months  ahead,  which  fact  assures  them 
of  capacity  production  without  bother- 
ing about  overseas  methods  . 

The  shortsightedness  of  such  a  pol- 
icy is  so  apparent  that  it  calls  for  lit- 
tle comment.  We  have  been  literally 
lifted  into  the  place  we  hold  today, 
as  a  world  supply  center,  and  unless 
we  do  something  to  maintain  that  posi- 
tion we  are  going  to  lose  it  under  keen 
competition  from  Great  Britain,  Ger- 
many, France  and  Italy. 

Nations     of     Europe 
In  Keen  Competition 

Despite  labor  disturbances,  unfavor- 
able trade  balances,  shrunken  value  of 
their  money,  and  general  upheaval, 
politically  and  economically,  Great 
Britain  and  Germany  are  already  giv- 
ing the  United  States  keen  competi- 
tion in  South  America.  Germany  is 
buying  from  the  United  States,  or  is 
drawing  on  stores  of  British  and 
French  materials,  which  were  pur- 
chased immediately  on  the  signing  of 
the  armistice,  when  values  took  a  tem- 
porary tumble,  and  she  is  selling  them 
at  low  prices  throughout  South  Amer- 
ica. There  are  instances  reported 
where  German  importers  in  Argentine, 
Brazil,  Peru  and  Chile  have  bought 
from  American  and  British  houses, 
and  have  then  resold  to  their  custom- 
ers at  a  lower  price  than  they  paid, 
and  at  long  term  credits. 

Rather  desperate  business,  it  is  ad- 
mitted, but  profitable  in  the  long  run, 
for  the  German  merchants  in  South 
America  understand  their  clientele  and 
they  are  looking  forward  to  permanent 
and  increasing  business  relations  with 
them.  The  Germans  have  any  amount 
of  money  in  their  banks  scattered 
throughout  South  America,  and  there 
is  little  doubt  that  they  will  play  a 
large  part  in  the  future  development 
of  that  continent. 


Great  Britain  is  competing  actively 
against  the  United  States.  In  fact 
there  is  keener  competition  between 
the  British  and  the  Americans  than 
there  is  between  the  Germans  and  the 
British  or  the  Germans  and  the  Amer- 
icans. The  war  is  over  now,  despite 
the  fact  that  the  peace  treaty  has  not 
been  ratified  and  there  is  no  more  per- 
tinent sign  of  this  than  the  fact  that 
La  Union,  the  Buenos  Ayres  newspa- 
per, which  wras  the  center  of  German 
propaganda  in  South  America,  is  now 
receiving  an  American  press  service — 
and  that  the  press  service  was  granted 
them  at  the  recommendation  of  the 
American  Chamber  of  Commerce  in 
Buenos  Ayres. 

American    Manufacturers 
Benefitted   by   New   Aids 

One  of  the  elements  which  is  mak- 
ing Great  Britain  a  dangerous  com- 
petitor is  the  fact  that  the  British 
pound  has  fallen  in  value  in  nearly 
all  of  the  countries  of  South  America, 
whereas  the  dollar  is  either  at  par  or 
at  a  premium.  British  merchants  who 
have  agents  in  the  United  States  are 
able  to  buy  on  extended  credits  here 
and  sell  in  South  America  at  a  price 
lower  than  we  can  accept.  They  are 
doing  it  too,  accepting  prices  which 
leave  little,  if  any,  margin  of  profit 
but  whcih  do  help  to  restore  trade 
relations  with  old  customers. 

The  American  exporter,  despite  this 
competition,  is  in  a  better  condition 
today  than  he  has  ever  been.  Every 
element  of  success  for  which  he  for- 
merly clamored  are  his  for  the  asking. 
A  few  years  ago  there  was  complaint 
because  the  consular  service  was  not 
organized  on  a  business  basis,  and  be- 
cause there  was  no  definite  trade  data 
available  for  the  man  who  wanted  to 
go  after  business  in  South  America. 
There  were  no  American  banks  and 
few  American  manufacturers  had  di- 
rect representatives — or  even  indirect 
representatives  who  were  Americans. 
Today  the  American  manufacturer  has 
all  of  these  aids. 

American  news  services  furnish  the 
newspapers  with  their  cable  and  mail 
news ;  American  advertising  agencies 
have  brought  within  the  reach  of 
every  advertiser  competent  and  thor- 
ough information  regarding  media,  and 
very  complete  information  regarding 
the  markets  for  a  wide  variety  of 
American  products. 

The  United  States  Government  has 
issued  surveys  on  the  possibilities  for 
the  sale  of  commodities  in  Central  and 
South  America  from  data  amassed  by 


experts.  These  surveys  are  unequalled 
by  any  other  country.  Monthly  there 
are  published  in  the  United  States 
magazines  of  commerce,  science,  fic- 
tion and  fashion  in  Spanish  and  Por- 
tuguese, which  have  a  tremendous 
combined  circulation  in  Latin  America. 
South  American  newspapers  have 
their  own  business  and  editorial  rep- 
resentatives in  New  York,  and  many 
of  them  have  branch  offices  in  other 
cities  of  the  United  States. 

American  banks  have  agencies  in  the 
main  trade  arteries  of  the  Americas, 
and  these  banks  disseminate,  weekly 
and  monthly,  valuable  trade  data,  and 
furnish  on  request  specific  information, 
including  financial  ratings  on  prospec- 
tive customers  and  banking  informa- 
tion. 

American  ships  flying  the  American 
flag  and  carrying  cargo  at  a  rate 
which  enables  us  to  compete  with 
other  nations  of  the  world  are  being 
added  to  almost  weekly.  In  a  very 
short  time  there  will  be  in  operation 
speedy  passenger  vessels  between  New 
York  and  Buenos  Ayres,  with  stops  at 
Rio  de  Janeiro  and  Montevideo,  that 
will  cut  the  present  sailing  time  to 
one-third  of  what  it  has  been. 

May  Ship  Goods 
By    Parcel    Post 

The  •  United  States  Government  has 
parcels  post  conventions  with  practi- 
cally every  country  in  South  America, 
which  affords  excellent  opportunity 
for  manufacturers  and  exporters  to 
ship  small  lots,  not  exceeding  eleven 
pounds,  to  purchasers.  Americans  in 
Argentine,  Brazil,  Cuba  and  other 
countries  have  organized  Chambers  of 
Commerce  on  an  elaborate  scale  and 
in  three  instances  at  least — in  the  case 
of  Cuba,  Argentine  and  Brazil — have 
opened  offices  in  New  York,  and  have 
established  representatives  here  to  aid 
other  Americans  who  want  to  do  busi- 
ness in  these  countries. 

In  fact,  all  of  those  expert  mediums 
by  which  trade  is  fostered,  and  for 
which  the  American  exporters  clam- 
ored a  few  years  ago,  are  in  existence, 
and  are  prepared  to  function  as 
smoothly  and  competently  as  the  me- 
diums of  any  of  the  nations  competing 
with  us  for  business  in  Latin  Amer- 
ica. The  only  element  which  appar- 
ently is  lacking  today  is  the  necessary 
one  of  supplies.  Merchants  are  not 
taking  advantage  of  the  opportunity 
which  is  not  only  awaiting  them  but 
is  actually  clamoring  to  be  made  use 
of. 


N  ovember    19  19 


27 


TUNGSTEN 

INDUSTRY 

OF  SIAM 


THE  earliest  available  statistics  of 
Siam's  tungsten  industry  are 
those  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  March 
31,  1912,  when  the  amount  of  wolfram- 
ite recovered  was  119  tons,  Vice-Con- 
sul Carl  C.  Hansen  says  in  a  special 
report  from  Bangkok  to  the  Depart- 
ment of  Commerce  at  "Washington,  D. 
C.  This  ore,  however,  had  been  known 
to  the  Chinese  tin  miners  for  a  long 
time  as  "dead  ore,"  but  at  that  period 
its  commercial  value  was  unknown  and 
it  was  left  in  great  heaps  as  valueless 
material,  after  having  been  separated 
from  the  tin  ore. 

In  the  fiscal  year  1912-1913  the  pro- 
duction of  tungsten  amounted  to  309 
tons,  and  it  was  reported  that  the  fu- 
ture output  was  likely  to  be  less.  On 
the  contrary,  however,  the  amounts 
subsequently  recovered  have  steadily 
increased,  reaching  584  tons  in  the  fis- 
cal year  ended  March  31,  1917,  and  for 
the  succeeding  twelve  months  the  out- 
put is  said  to  have  approximated  800 
tons,  the  monthly  returns  generally 
averaging  from  70  to  80  tons. 

Local  mining  men  assert  that  the 
potential  production  of  tungsten  is  un- 
limited   and    that    the    ore    is    widely 


Some  method  of  co-operation  should 
be  worked  out  by  which  our  customers 
in  South  America  could  have  their 
wants  at  least  partially  attended  to. 
Today  the  manufacturer,  because  of 
under-production  and  abnormal  domes- 
tic demand — to  say  nothing  of  the  su- 
per-abnormal world  demand  —  has 
nothing  to  worry  about.  He  can  sell 
everything  he  makes  right  at  home. 
But  the  physical  fact,  which  cannot 
be  escaped  in  the  long  run,  is  that  nor- 
mally American  production  is  geared, 
today,  beyond  American  consumption. 
To  pay  the  increased  wages,  and  meet 
the  shorter  hours  of  labor,  there  must 
be  additional  production,  and  that  pro- 
duction must  be  sold  outside  the 
United  States,  once  the  bare  shelves 
of  today  are  filled  again. 

If  we  lose  the  trade  that  we  have 
gained  in  South  America  during  the 
past  five  years,  we  will  have  a  difficult 
time  regaining  it.  And  if  such  an 
eventuality  should  transpire,  there 
would  be  grim  humor  in  recalling  that 
with  every  vehicle  necessary  for  a 
great  commercial  entente — from  ex- 
pert organization  of  government  and 
industry  to  unparalleled  demand — the 
United  States  failed  to  score  because 
it  couldn't  spare  the  goods  from  its 
own  market. 


diffused  throughout  the  Siamese  Ma- 
laya and  northern  Siam,  although  in 
the  past  the  richest  deposits  have 
been  found  in  the  district  Nakon  Srit- 
amarat. 

The  recovery  of  wolframite  has  hith- 
erto been  left  mainly  to  the  Chinese 
miners,  who  have  limited  their  opera- 
tions to  surface  workings,  the  depths 
of  which  are  said  not  to  have  exceeded 
100  feet,  the  deposits  being  found  as 
lodes  or  "shadings"  of  lodes.  The 
high  grade  ores  have  been  found  to 
contain  from  60  to  72  per  cent  W03, 
but  quantities  of  mixed  ores,  composed 
of  nearly  equal  parts  of  tin  and  tung- 
sten have  also  been  recovered.  Both 
wolframite  and  scheelite  ores  have 
been  found,  but  the  former  is  the 
more  common. 

During  the  war  the  price  reached 
about  160  ticals  ($60  gold)  per  picul 
(133  1-3  pounds),  while  at  present 
(June,  1919)  it  is  about  40  ticals  ($15) 
or  less  per  picul.  Tungsten  is  not  used 
in  this  country,  and  the  customs'  sta- 
tistics contain  no  record  of  any  im- 
ports of  ferro-tungsten. 

While  no  financial  difficulties  appear 
to  have  arisen  among  the  dealers  in 
tungsten  in  Siam,  because  of  the 
abrupt  cessation  of  the  war,  yet  it  is 
understood  that  one  or  two  of  the 
leading  agents  for  the  British  and 
French  governments  lost  heavily 
through  accumulations  of  stocks  and 
by  advances  made  to  local  miners.  As 
far  as  known  no  compensation  has  been 
obtained  for  these  losses,  there  being 
no  local  agencies  of  producers'  associ- 
ations in  this  country. 

Official  information  is  not  available 
in  regard  to  the  destinations  of  the 
tungsten  ore  exported  from  the  Siam- 
ese Malaya,  but  it  is  understood  that 
nearly  the  entire  output  during  the 
first  two  years  of  the  war  period  was 
reserved  for  the  United  Kingdom, 
France  sharing  to  some  extent  during 
1918.  The  shipments  of  tungsten 
through  the  port  of  Bangkok  to  the 
United  States  in  the  fiscal  year  ended 
March  31,  1917,  amounted  to  131,040 
pounds  and  to  44,800  pounds  in  the 
fiscal  year  1917-18. 

The  production  of  tungsten  prac- 
tically ceased  with  the  beginning  of 
the  current  year,  but  Bangkok  deal- 
ers in  the  ore  are  keen  on  securing 
new  markets  for  stocks  already  on 
hand  and  are  ready  to  guarantee  al- 
most unlimited  supplies  for  future 
shipments.  During  last  year  the  gov- 
ernment Gazette  announced  that  the 
royalty  on  tungsten  ore,  which  was 
previously  collected  at  the  same  rate 
as  that  in  force  on  tin  ore,  had  been 
reduced  to  10  per  cent  ad  valorem. 


BIG    RUSH 

EXPECTED 

TO  SOUTH 


SOUTH  AMERICA  may  reasonably 
expect  a  large  share  of  the  emigra- 
tion of  Europe  which  is  expected  to 
begin  when  conditions  return  to  nor- 
mal, is  the  conclusion  arrived  at  by 
the  foreign  trade  bureau  of  the  Guar- 
anty Trust  Company  after  an  exhaus- 
tive study  of  the  situation. 

Before  the  war  Italians  went  in  such 
numbers  to  Argentina  that  they  came 
to  form  the  most  substantial  element 
in  that  community.  The  German  pene- 
tration of  southern  Brazil  almost  in- 
volved the  political  subjection  to  Ger- 
many of  some  of  the  States.  Other 
European  countries  sent  their  surplus 
population  to  South  American  in 
smaller  numbers. 

The  net  result  of  European  emigra- 
tion to  South  American  countries  was 
important  for  foreign  trade.  There 
was  established  a  cultural  solidarity 
between  the  capitals  of  Europe  and 
those  of  South  America.  Business 
flowed  naturally  between  the  home- 
land and  the  centers  in  the  New  World 
to  which  the  emigrants  had  come. 
Banking  facilities  soon  came  from 
abroad  to  care  for  the  trade  thus 
developed.  In  all  this  growth  the 
United  States  had  little  part. 

During  the  war  emigration  from 
Europe  was  nil.  In  fact  the  tide  ran 
in  the  opposite  direction.  Likewise 
trade  declined  or  found  new  lanes. 
The  most  important  result  was  the 
tremendous  expansion  of  trade  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  South 
America.  This  trade  is  highly  desir- 
able both  from  the  point  of  view  of 
merchants  of  the  United  States  and 
those  of  South  America.  To  retain 
this  war  time  trade  and  develop  it 
upon  a  basis  of  permanency  is  worth 
much  effort. 

To  build  up  this  trade  upon  a  firm 
and  lasting  foundation  requires  more 
than  a  handful  of  slick  talkers  with 
attractive  sample  cases.  It  requires 
an  understanding  of  the  Latin-Ameri- 
can people  and  a  sympathetic  appreci- 
ation of  their  problems.  All  this  was 
included  in  the  cultural  relationship 
which  subsisted  between  Europe  and 
South  America  before  the  war. 

There  will  be  no  emigration  to  South 
America  from  the  United  States  to 
meet  the  crowds  which  may  come 
from  abroad.  Already  the  Germans 
are  turning  their  eyes  in  the  direc- 
tion  of   Chile,   Brazil   and   Argentina. 


26 


Pan  Pacific 


Chinese  Trade  Problems 

(Continued  from  page  12) 


With  regard  to  telegraph  and  tele- 
phone apparatus,  Japan  is  nominally 
ahead  of  us  in  China,  due  no  doubt  to 
the  fact  that  the  General  Electric 
Company  has  its  manufacturing  es- 
tablishment in  Japan,  and  these  goods 
which  go  from  Japan  to  China  are 
largely  produced  by  Americans  and 
American  skill,  but  are  credited  to  the 
Japanese. 

China    Offers    Big    Field 
For     Municipal     Utilities 

There  are  1500  walled  cities  in 
China,  to  say  nothing  of  the  large 
villages  and  market  towns.  Some  few 
of  them  have  had  their  walls  de- 
stroyed, like  Tientsin,  with  700,000 
people,  and  Canton,  with  a  population 
of  a  million;  but  the  most  of  these 
cities  have  their  walls  and  their  pop- 
ulations are  very  large. 

These  cities  and  towns  have  no  elec- 
tric lights  or  gas  works  or  water  works 
or  street  cars.  There  is  a  splendid  op- 
portunity there  for  the  introduction 
of  things  which  we  can  produce  in 
this  country. 

Then  between  the  large  cities  are 
many  villages.  Thus  there  is  afforded 
a  splendid  chance  for  interurban  elec- 
tric lines.  There  are  some  6,000  miles 
of  railways  built  and  that  much  more 
contracted  for,  but  the  introduction  of 
steam  railroads  is  a  costly  enterprise 
and  the  needs  of  these  villagers  might 
be  supplied  by  the  building  of  these 
light  electric  railways. 

We    Must    Also    Buy 
Goods     From     China 

We  must  also  buy  China's  exports. 
The  export  trade  of  China  was  hard 
hit  by  the  war.  The  two  staple  ex- 
ports from  China  are  tea  and  silk. 
While  tea  was  consumed  in  the  bel- 
ligerent countries  even  during  the 
war,  the  export  was  greatly  cut  down. 
Great  Britain  would,  of  course,  favor 
her  own  colony,  India.  Russia  being 
in  chaos,  the  tremendous  import  of 
black  tea  to  Russia  was  well  nigh  de- 
stroyed. Some,  of  course,  has  always 
gone  to  Siberia  and  is  going  there  still. 
But  the  tea  trade  was  hard  hit. 

The  Chinese  are  largely  to  blame  for 
the  decline  in  the  tea  trade,  not  only 
during  the  war  but  prior  to  the  war. 
You  know  how  the  British  India  tea 
is  advertised  all  over  the  world  and 
we  are  told  in  magazines,  in  posters, 
in  street  car  cards,  how  we  should 
drink  certain  brands  of  tea. 

Perhaps  I  am  prejudiced,  after  hav- 
ing lived  26  years  in  China,  but  to  me 
there  is  no  flavor  like  that  of  the  Chi- 
nese tea.  If  the  Chinese  would  use  a 
tithe  of  the  advertising  the  British  use 
there  would  be  a  tremendous  increase 
in  the  amount  of  Chinese  tea  used  in 
the  United  States. 


HENNV   HOWARD 


United  States  Shipping  Board 

RECRUITING      SERVICE 

CUSTOM    HOUSE 

Boston.  Mass. 


13th  September,    1919. 


Mr.  John  H.   Gerrie, 
Editor,  Pan  Pacific, 
618  Mission  Street, 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 

My  dear  Mr.  Gerrie: 

I  have  just  had  a  chance  to 
read  your  September  Issue  during  a  trip  from 
Washington  to  Boston,  and  am  very  much  impressed 
with  the  paper.   It  is  by  long  odds  the  best 
publication  of  the  kind  I  have  ever  seen. 

I  wish  it  were  possible  to  have  the  magazine 
placed  in  the  hands  of  wide-awake  business  men 
the  country  over,  for  surely  no  one  who  is  sin- 
cerely interested  in  the  development  of  American 
trade  can  read  the  paper  without  being  impressed 
by  the  value  of  the  information  contained  therein. 

With  kind  regards  and  the  hope  that  the 
public  generally  will  appreciate  the  excellent 
work  you  are  doing,  I  am 


Very  coidially  yours, 


INH/ETB. 


During  the  war  many  countries  for- 
bade the  introduction  of  silk.  Their 
man  power  was  engaged  in  fighting. 
They  had  no  time  to  weave  silk.  But 
with  the  coming  of  peace  these  men 
will  return  to  their  mills  and  manu- 
facturing of  silk  will  go  on,  because 
the  women  of  the  world  will  want  to 
wear  silk,  as  they  have  always  worn 
silk.  We  shall,  of  course,  always  have 
a  large  share  in  this  trade. 

Curious  Changes  Brought 
In  Commerce  by  the  War 

There  are  some  curious  things  about 
the  export  trade  brought  about  by  the 
war.  One  is  the  greatly  increased  im- 
port into  the  United  States  of  Chinese 
licorice  root.  Most  of  it  heretofore 
has  come  from  Turkey.  It  is  used 
in  the  manufacture  of  chewing  gum. 
It  is  also  used  in  the  manufacturing 
of  chewing  tobacco  and  I  believe  the 
United  States  is  pretty  nearly  the  only 
country  in  the  world  where  men  chew 
tobacco   and   women   chew   gum. 

We  have  always  taken  a  large  part 
of  the  vegetable  oils  exported  from 
China.  Some  years  ago  I  sent  to  the 
experimental  farm  at  Santa  Ana  some 
of  the  nuts  from  the  wood  oil  tree  of 
China.  Although  they  were  planted 
and  the  trees  are  growing  in  Califor- 
nia, it  seems  that  nothing  is  being 
done  with  them.  We  ought  to  be  able 
to  manufacture,  ourselves,  it  seems  to 
me,  the  oil  which  we  import  in  large 
quantities  for  the  manufacture  of  var- 
nish. 


But  one  of  the  most  important  items 
of  export  from  China  is  that  of  skins 
and  hides.  We  have  usually  taken 
the  larger  part  of  them.  As  to  the  ox 
hides  and  buffalo  hides,  the  supply 
fell  off  during  the  war  somewhat,  but 
our  import  of  these  hides  increased 
notwithstanding  the  falling  off  of  the 
supply. 

To  take  another  item — goat  skins. 
Over  eight  million  pieces  were  ex- 
ported in  1913,  and  in  1917  over 
eleven  million  pieces.  We  took  over 
eight  millions  of  the  eleven.  The 
whole  world  was  crying  for  leather  at 
that  time.  The  United  States  leads 
the  world  in  the  manufacture  of  shoes 
that  are  comfortable,  and  no  doubt 
we  shall  keep  on  buying  the  hides  and 
skins  of  China. 

One  thing  that  has  greatly  affected 
the  export  trade  of  China  is  exchange. 
In  1914  a  Chinese  tael  exchanged  for 
62  cents;  in  1917  it  exchanged  for 
$1.03.  Recently  it  exchanges  for 
something  between  $1.10  and  $1.15.  I 
refer  to  the  Chinese  tael  which  is  the 
most  costly  of  the  Chinese  taels.  Its 
purchasing  power,  therefore,  has 
greatly  increased — not  quite  doubled, 
but  it  is  certainly  worth  80  per  cent 
more  than  when  the  war  broke  out. 
Thus  a  tael  will  buy  much  more  for- 
eign goods  than  before  the  war. 
Goods  Cost  Us  More 
Because  of  Exchange 

On  the  other  hand,  if  we  want  to 
buy  goods  in  China  and  pay  the  equiv- 


N ovember    19  19 


29 


alent,  we  shall  have  to  pay  $1.10  where 
before  we  paid  62  cents,  so  that  these 
Chinese  exports  become  much  more 
expensive  for  us. 

But  with  the  increased  cost  of  living 
in  every  department  of  human  life  and 
the  rise  in  price  of  nearly  everything 
that  is  paid  for  I  think  that  probably 
we  shall  keep  on  buying  these  raw 
products  from  China,  notwithstanding 
their  cost,  because  we  must  have  them 
for  our  own  manufacturing.  The  Eu- 
ropean world,  too,  must  have  them. 

Now,  can  we  recover  or  hold  the 
portion  of  the  trade  of  China  which 
we  have  obtained  during  the  war? 
Previous  to  the  war  our  share  was  6^ 
per  cent.  In  1860,  just  before  our 
Civil  War,  in  the  days  of  the  clipper 
ships  when  we  had  almost  as  much 
tonnage  as  Great  Britain,  we  had  47 
per  cent. 

At  the  close  of  the  present  war  we 
had  about  16  per  cent  of  the  trade. 
But  can  we  hold  it  with  all  Europe 
iioav  rapidly  coming  into  peaceful  con- 
ditions; all  Europe  impoverished,  hun- 
gry for  everything?  ■  Can  we  compete 
against  their  cheaper  labor  and  cheap 
ships?  That  is  the  great  problem. 
Element  of  Shipping 
a  Principal  Factor 
One  of  the  principal  elements  is  that 
of  the  shipping.  I  understand  that 
the  United  States  is  going  to  give  to 
the  Pacific  Coast  78  vessels.  But  what 
about  our  shipping  laws?  I  wonder 
if  we  can  compete  with  the  cheap  ships 
and  cheap  labor  of  Europe  in  sending 
our  goods  into  China. 

Then  there  is  also  the  question  of 
subsidized  steamship  companies.  For 
instance,  one  of  our  competitors  on 
the  Pacific  Ocean  of  course  is  Japan. 
At  the  opening  of  the  war  Japan  had 
20  dockyards  for  building  vessels  of 
more  than  one  thousand  tons.  Today 
we  have  130  shipyards  for  building 
such  ships.  We  pay  these  shipbuild- 
ing companies  a  bounty  of  from  11 
sen  to  22  sen  per  ton,  for  building 
these  ships.  The  splendid  ships  which 
visit  our  ports  are  paid  for  by  the 
Japanese  Government  to  the  extent  of 
22  sen  a  ton. 

The  steamship  companies  also  re- 
ceive a  big  subsidy.  For  33  vessels 
which  ply  between  Japan  and  the 
United  States  they  pay  thirteen  mil- 
lion yen,  spread  over  the  five  years 
between  1915  and  1920.  The  total 
amount  paid  for  five  steamship  com- 
panies has  been  reduced  by  seventeen 
million  yen  since  the  late  war  began, 
but  of  course  that  amount  can  be  put 
on  again  if  it  is  necessary  to  hold  the 
trade. 

Problem  of  Language 
'  Must  Be  Considered 
There  are  two  or  three  other  prob- 
lems I  would  like  to  refer  to.  One  of 
these  is  an  old  problem  with  regard 
to  the  language  in  China.  It  is  very 
hard  to  deal  with  a  man  if  you  can't 
talk  to  him  face  to  face.     If  you  have 


to  talk  through  an  interpreter  you 
don't  know  what  he  is  going  to  get 
out  of  the  trade.  He  may  be  all  right, 
but  it  is  not  satisfactory. 

In  the  early  days  very  few  traders 
who  went  to  China  understood  the 
Chinese  language,  and  the  comprador 
was  used.  He  is  the  go-between.  He 
is  not  only  the  interpreter  but  is  really 
very  important.  He  talks  pidgin  Eng- 
lish, by  the  way.  The  term  "pidgin" 
is  simply  the  Chinese  way  of  pro- 
nounding  the  word  "business."  In 
other  words,  pidgin  English  is  simply 
English  words  put  together  in  Chinese 
idiom,  the  order  being  Chinese. 

The  comprador  is  also  a  sort  of 
commission  merchant.  He  is  also  a 
guarantor  of  the  financial  standing  of 
the  trader  with  whom  you  deal  and 
a  guarantor  to  the  Chinese  of  the 
standing  of  the  American  firm.  He 
himself  is  secured  by  certain  banks  or 
prominent  firms.  It  will  be  a  long 
time  before  we  will  be  able  to  get  rid 
of  the  comprador,  he  is  so  important 
a  personage  as  a  go-between  between 
the  United  States  merchant  who  can't 
speak  Chinese  and  the  Chinese  mer- 
chant who  can't  speak  English. 

The  Germans  taught  us  the  neces- 
sity of  having  the  foreign  trader  learn 
Chinese.  They  first  taught  their  men 
the  elements  of  Chinese  in  Berlin  and 
then  sent  them  into  the  interior  of 
China  where  they  had  to  speak  Chi- 
nese if  they  went  anywhere  or  did 
anything.  In  six  months  they  were 
able  to  carry  on  an  ordinary  conver- 
sation in  Chinese. 

Standard  Oil  Company 
Has  Chinese  Text  Book 
The  Standard  Oil  Company  also  has 
done  something  in  this  line  for  the 
young  men  in  their  employ.  They 
have  brought  out  a  text-book  of  Chi- 
nese for  their  use.  The  British-Amer- 
ican      Tobacco       Company,       manned 


chiefly  by  Americans  in  China,  has  an 
arrangement  for  the  teaching  of  Chi- 
nese to  their  young  men.     I  had  the 
privilege  while  in  China  of  examining 
some  of  them  to  see  if  they  were  quali- 
fied to  get  the  increase  of  salary  of- 
fered for  a  knowledge  of  the  language. 
If  a  man  learns  to  speak  Mandarin 
he  is  understood  over  three-fourths  of 
the  country.    Whether  he  learns  Nan- 
kinese  or  Pekinese  he  can  make  him- 
self   understood    and    can   understand 
what  is  said  to  him  and  he  can  then 
read  newspapers  and  be  of  great  use 
to  his  firm.     He  is  also  a  check  upon 
the    comprador.     The    comprador,     of 
course,  must  be  relied  upon  to  see  that 
the   goods   are   of   the   proper  quality 
and  that  drafts  or  checks  in  payment 
of  goods  bought  by  the   Chinese   are 
properly  drawn,  but  all  these  things 
can  be  learned  also  by  an  American. 
Julian    Arnold     suggested    that     a 
school  be  established  by  the  American 
Government   in   Peking   to    teach   the 
Americans  the  Chinese,  Japanese  and 
Russian  languages.     I  do  not  think  a 
man  ought   to  be   taught  Russian    in 
China.     No  one  can  learn  to  speak  a 
language  really  well   until  he  speaks 
it  among  the  people  who  use  it.  Some 
of  our  young   men   study   Chinese   at 
the  University  of  California  and  they 
do  very  well,  but  they  never  speak  it 
fluently  until  they  live  among  the  Chi- 
nese.    Japanese   should  be  learned  in 
Japan,  and  Russian  in  Russia. 

In  Peking  the  United  States  has  es- 
tablished a  school  for  the  teaching  of 
Chinese  to  consular  officials.  The  stu- 
dents get  $1,500  a  year  in  salary  and 
their  tuition  and  quarters.  They  must 
be  able  at  the  end  of  two  years  to 
write  a  few  thousand  characters  and 
be  able  to  conduct  a  common  conver- 
sation. They  then  go  out  as  assistants 
to  the  consuls  and  later  become  con- 
suls themselves. 


LOADING   A  CHINESE   RIVER  STEAMER 


30 


Pan    Pacific 


PLAN  COTTON  CENTER 

AT  LOS  ANGELES  PORT 


SUGAR  HIGH 

IN  CHINESE 

MARKET  TOO 


TN  attracting  foreign  commerce 
■*■  through  the  port  of  Los  Angeles, 
the  Harbor  Commission  has  taken  a 
step  that  will  divert  to  the  port  hun- 
dreds of  thousands  of  bales  of  cotton. 
This  will  enbrace  an  expected  yield 
of  200,000  bales  from  the  Imperial 
Valley,  the  Salt  River  Valley  of  Ari- 
zona and  the  San  Joaquin  Valley  of 
California,  and,  it  is  believed,  at  least 
150,000  bales  from  southern  fields  this 
fall,  with  increasing  quantities  from 
year  to  year. 

This  additional  traffic  is  assured  by 
the  action  of  the  Los  Angeles  Harbor 
Commission  in  placing  with  the  South- 
wark  Foundry  and  Machine  Company 
of  Philadelphia  an  order  for  a  450  ton 
cotton  compress.  Before  movement  of 
the  fall  crop  begins,  the  press  will  be 
installed  at  the  harbor  at  a  point 
where  it  will  be  easy  to  load  the  baled 
cotton  on  ships  sailing  to  foreign 
ports. 

To  fully  appreciate  the  importance 
of  the  Commission's  action,  and  to 
realize  the  impetus  that  will  be  given 
to  the  port's  business,  it  is  necessary 
to  know  something  of  the  function 
performed  by  the  compress. 

Gin     Bales     Reduced 
To  Occupy  Less  Space 

As  is  generally  known,  the  bales  of 
cotton  that  come  from  the  gins  are 
large  and  bulky,  in  which  form  they 
will  occupy  so  much  space  in  the  ship 's 
hold  as  to  make  overseas  freight  rates 
prohibitive.  Consequently  the  gin 
bales  must  be  reduced  in  size  for  ex- 
port. In  the  Southwark  compress  the 
crude  bale,  of  approximately  36  cubic 
feet,  is  subjected  to  tremendous  hy- 
draulic pressure  from  three  sides  and 
is  thus  compressed  to  less  than  half 
its  original  size — or  down  to  16  cubic 
feet.  This  method  not  only  produces 
greater  density  than  in  the  more  costly 
and  cumbersome  steam  compresses, 
but  also  produces  perfect  rectangular 
packages  of  uniform  size,  an  essential 
to  economical  shipping  that  is  lacking 
in  the  irregular  shapes  and  sizes  pro- 
duced by  the  single  ram  of  the  old 
style  steam  driven  compresses. 

This  feature  of  the  hydraulieally 
compressed  bale  is  to  which  the  Com- 
mission gave  a  great  deal  of  attention 
because  it  not  only  means  a  saving  of 
storage  space  at  the  wharves  awaiting 
shipment,  but  also  because  of  greater 
incentive  to  foreign  purchasers  to  buy 
through  and  for  sellers  to  ship  through 
the  port  of  Los  Angeles. 

In  shipments  of  cotton  from  Mobile 
to  Liverpool  before  the  war  the  freight 


rate  on  cotton  baled  in  the  Southwark 
compress  was  90c  per  bale  less  than 
on  cargoes  of  bales  of  equal  weight 
compressed  by  the  old  method.  The 
ocean  going  vessels  are  paying  a  re- 
bate of  15%  from  current  rates  if  cot- 
ton is  delivered  in  bales  made  by  com- 
presses of  the  make  that  is  to  be  in- 
stalled at  Los  Angeles.  This  rebate 
amounts  to  from  85c  to  $1.00  per  bale 
in  freight  reduction. 

Loss     is     Eliminated 
By  Improved  Baling 

In  addition  to  the  storage  and 
freight  savings  on  bales  compressed 
by  three  rams,  there  is  the  added  ad- 
vantage of  eliminating  loss  of  cotton 
consequent     upon     poor     baling     and 


450    TON    COTTON    COMPRESS 

handling  under  the  old  methods.  This 
loss,  according  to  records  in  the  De- 
partment of  Agriculture,  amounts 
yearly  to  more  than  $50,000,000.  In 
the  three-ram  process  the  surfaces  of 
the  bales  are  so  firm  that  all  wastage 
of  fibre  is  eliminated. 

The  process  of  baling  with  a  South- 
wark standard  cotton  compress  is 
more  readily  understood  by  referring 
to  the  accompanying  illustration.  The 
crude  bale  is  placed  on  the  bottom 
platen,  the  doors  are  closed,  and  the 
two  horizontal  rams  close  in  on  the 
cotton,  followed  by  the  powerful 
thrust  of  the  large  ram  from  the  bot- 
tom. The  compression  is  accomplished 
in  sixteen  seconds.  The  doors  are 
then  opened  and  bands  are  clamped 
on  the  bale,  which  is  then  ready  for 
shipment. 

Interest  now  centers  in  a  hearing  to 
be  held  before  the  District  Freight 
Traffic  Committee  of  the  Railroad  Ad- 
ministration on  the  question  of  giving 
Los  Angeles  a  differential  rate  on  ex- 
port cotton  to  be  shipped  through  the 
port  of  Los  Angeles.  It  is  believed 
that  the  differential  will  be  granted — 
thus  greatly  augmenting  shipments 
through  the  port  of  Los  Angeles. 


THE  price  of  sugar  of  various 
grades  has  advanced  consider- 
ably in  the  Hongkong  market  as  a  re- 
sult of  speculation  following  the  dis- 
covery on  the  part  of  Chinese  dealers 
that  the  market  was  short  of  supplies. 
United  States  Consul  General  George 
E.  Anderson  writes  from  Hongkong. 
The  great  Hongkong  refineries  bought 
considerable  quantities  of  sugar  at 
comparatively  low  prices  while  the 
sharp  demand  for  sugar  from  Europe 
and  other  fields  usually  reached  by 
the  Hongkong  refineries  led  to  the 
stocks  in  Hongkong  being  unduly  de- 
pleted. 

At  the  same  time  the  Chinese  im- 
porters, in  view  of  the  high  prices,  re- 
fused to  buy  for  the  future,  counting 
upon  lower  prices  later.  It  has  been 
realized,  however,  that  prices  are  not 
going  to  be  lower  for  some  time  to 
come.  The .  result  has  been  advances 
in  the  prices  of  sugar  in  Hongkong 
far  greater  than  are  justified  by  the 
prices  of  raw  sugar  in  Java  and  the 
Philippines.  Sugar  (soft  Java  white) 
which  sold  in  Hongkong  in  January 
for  $9  local  currency  or  $7.20  gold  per 
picul  of  133  1-3  pounds,  advanced  to 
$11.50  local  currency  or  $9.43  gold  in 
May  and  to  $17  local  currency  or 
$13.60  gold  about  July  12  and  was 
quoted  July  22,  at  $25  local  currency 
or  $20  gold  per  picul. 

The  prices  in  Hongkong  are  purely 
speculative,  for  they  are  above  parity 
with  Java  at  the  present  time.  Poor 
crop  returns  in  Java,  Formosa  and 
other  producing  countries  in  the  Far 
East  point  to  continued  high  prices, 
but  Hongkong  exports  indicate  that 
they  do  not  justify  present  conditions 
in  this  market,  which,  of  course,  will 
profoundly  affect  the  course  of  the  re- 
fining business  during  the  year.  The 
demand  for  Hongkong  refined  sugar  in 
Europe  is  on  the  increase  as  a  result 
of  greater  available  tonnage  and  the 
freer  movement  of  supplies,  while  the 
high  course  of  prices  is  reducing  con- 
sumption in  China  and  is  reducing  im- 
ports into  China  both  of  Hongkong 
and  Japanese  sugars." 


Present  political  and  economic  con- 
ditions in  China  have  led  to  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  great  many  Chinese 
manufacturing  concerns  in  various  in- 
dustries. This  will  no  doubt  have  a 
tendency  to  create  a  keener  competi- 
tion in  certain  lines   of  goods. 


The  Hong  Kong  Government  pro- 
poses to  build  a  number  of  small  apart- 
ment houses  and  a  hotel  in  Kowloon, 
at  an  estimated  cost  of  $1,500,000. 


November    19  19 


31 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address   "ACME." 

ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 

AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 

THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 

THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 

THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel-  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX.55   Defiance,   Ohio. 

AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 

THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 

ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable   address    "ARNOTT." 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  CO.,  620  South 
Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Growers,  ex- 
porters and  importers  of  all  kinds  of  seeds. 
Cable  address   ,rJONMUS." 


J.  ARON  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  95  Wall  St.,  New 
York  City.  Branches  at  San  Francisco,  New 
Orleans,  Chicago,  London,  England  and  Santos, 
Brazil.  General  exporters  and  importers.  Cor- 
respondence solicited  in  all  languages.  Cable 
address   "ARONCO." 

ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters a*»d  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  enamel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress "AMICO." 

ASSOCIATED  TIMBER  EXPORTERS  OF 
BRITISH  COLUMBIA,  LTD.,  609  Metropolitan 
Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada.  Exporters 
of  lumber  for  British  Columbia  Mills.  Principal 
product  Douglas  Fir  (Oregon  Pine). 

CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 

EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address   "BEAVER." 

F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 

BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 

CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.      All   languages. 

BRITISH  MANUFACTURERS  CORPORA- 
TION, LTD.,  470  Granville  Street,  Vancouver, 
B.  C.  Branch  offices  London,  Glasgow,  Liver- 
poo,  Cardiff,  Petrograd,  New  York.  Canadian 
iron  and  steel  exporters,  also  machinery.  In- 
quiries invited.  Special  attention  given  to 
cables. 

CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  BIdg.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 

A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK,  743  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Leather,  calf,  skins, 
glazed  kid,  patent  and  upholstery  leather,  etc. 
Cable  address  "COOKBRO." 

L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 

JAMES  P.  DWAN,  American  Nat.  Bank  Bldg., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Exporters  and  Importer. 
General  purchasing  agent  for  foreign  buyers. 
Building  materials,  machinery,  ores,  metals,  oils. 
Foreign  office.  Missions  Building,  The  Bund, 
Canton,   China.     Cable  address  DWAN. 

JOHN  C.  EPPERSON  COMPANY.  411  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Machinery  broker  and  manufacturers  agent, 
specializing  in  industrial  plants  and  can  supply 
complete  equipment  for  all  kinds  of  construction 
and  manufacturing. 

GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Pine  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

GOSSE-MILLERD  PACKING  COMPANY, 
LTD.,  597  Hastings  Street,  W.  Vancouver,  B.  C. 
Packers  and  exporters  of  canned  fish.  Cable 
address  "Gossmiller." 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  ana 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 


32 


Pan    Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


„.J^FnH,SAS7AN5'  618  M|ssi<m  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
nil  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 

INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

a£>SE£?,ATIONAI'  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers- 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 

DKK?RJ  JACOBS'  A-  CL  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KAY  BEE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 
312  West  35th  Street,  Los  Angeles.  Cal.  Manu- 
facturers of  spotlights  for  automobile  and  other 
purposes.  Representation  desired  in  foreign 
countries. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leatner 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LAVAN,  A.  K.  COMPANY.  207  Hastings  St., 
W.  Vancouver,  B.  O,  Canada.  Exporters  and 
Importers,  Shipping  and  Commission,  Manufac- 
turers Agents.  Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds 
of  merchandise.  References:  Standard  Bank  of 
Canada.  Bank  of  Montreal  (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 
Branch).  Cable  address  "LAVAN,  VANCOUV- 
ER." Codes,  A.  B.  C,  Bentley's,  Western  Union. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  ana 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  ana  oui- 
ing  shoes.  AH  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress,  "VINMAR." 

MORELAND  MOTOR  TRUCK  COMPANY. 
1701  North  Main  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manu- 
facturers of  motor  trucks  of  various  sizes,  which 
will  burn  either  distillate  or  gasoline,  making 
possible  a  saving  of  50%  in  fuel. 


R.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY,  717  Market  St., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  in  San  Francisco. 


NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 


OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 

PACIFIC  SANITARY  MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY,  67  New  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporters  of  bath-tubs,  toil- 
ets, lavatories,  sinks,  laundry  tubs,  plumbing 
fixtures,  etc.  Prompt  and  careful  shipment  of 
export  orders.  Correspondence  in  all  languages 
and  codes. 

VICTOR  PATRON,  Oceanic  Bldg.,  2  Pine  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan, 
Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and 
export  representatives.  Prices  and  catalogues 
furnished  on  application. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 

PURNELL  &  PAGETT,  Canton,  China.  Ar- 
chitects and  civil  engineers.  Investigations,  in- 
spections and  valuations.  Bridges,  steel  con- 
struction, wharves  and  docks.  Cable  address 
PANEL.     W.  U.  Code  and  A.  B.  C. 

H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export;  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 

ROGERS  SHOE  COMPANY,  135  Bush  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Shoes,  rubbers,  tennis 
and  sport  shoes,  all  kinds;  all  styles.  Bentley 
Code  used. 

ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 

ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 

PAUL  R.  RUBEN  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Importers,  exporters,  manu- 
facturers' agents,  purchasing  agents.  All  codes. 
Cable  address  "PAULRUBE." 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle.  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 

SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 


SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shipcomco." 
All  codes  used. 

C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco.  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  CHENRYINC. 

HERBERT  W.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnois. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


SOUTHWARK  FOUNDRY  &  MACHINE  CO., 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  Manufacturers  of 
hydraulic  and  power  tools,  as  well  as  special 
machinery  for  ship  yards,  railroad  shops,  struc- 
tural plants  and  etc.  Descriptive  circulars  sent 
upon  request. 

STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
*hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 

SWINGSPOUT  MEASURE  COMPANY,  404  N. 
Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Manufacturers  of  oil  measures  for  garages,  au- 
tomobiles, gasoline  stations  and  etc.  Can  be 
used  for  all  liquids.  Agents  wanted  in  all  for- 
eign countries. 

TEPOORTEN,  LTD.,  J.  A.,  308  Water  St., 
Vancouver,  B.  C.  Exporters  of  drugs,  chem- 
icals, patent  medicines,  druggists  sundries,  con- 
fectionery and  etc. 

THOMAS  &  COMPANY — Importers  and  Ex- 
porters. Importers  and  buyers  of  copra,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  peanut  oil,  soya  bean  oil,  China  wood 
oil,  whale  oil,  fish  oils  and  tallows.  Cable  ad- 
dress "THOMAS"  Seattle. 

UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  AND  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Seattle,  Washington— Shipowners, 
ship  brokers,  importers  and  exporters.  Marine 
cargo  surveyors  and  appraisers.  World  wide 
charterers.  Agencies  in  all  principal  ports. 
Cable  address  "USATCO"  Seattle.  UNSHIP- 
STRAD   New  York. 


VANCOUVER  MILLING  &  GRAIN  CO.,  LTD, 
Vancouver,  Canada.  Exporters  of  beans,  peas, 
rice,  nuts,  egg  products,  vegetables  and  fish 
oils,  chemicals.  Branches  in  all  important  cen- 
ters in  British  Columbia,  also  Calgary,  Aha, 
Montreal,  Quebec,  Kobe,  Japan,  Shanghai,  Han- 
kow, China.  References:  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia, 
Vancouver,  Toronto,  Montreal,  Boston,  Chicago, 
New  York. 

WESTERN  COMMERCIAL  COMPANY,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. — Brokers  between  Japan  and 
America.  Direct  representation  in  the  Orient. 
Buy  or  sell  goods  in  the  Orient.  Anything — 
any   amount.     Cable    address    "WECO." 

WHITE,  H.  G.  CO.,  149  Alexander  Street, 
Vancouver,  Canada.  Importers  of  crude  and 
manufactured  drugs,  gums,  essential  oils,  vege- 
table oils,  waxes,  heavy  chemicals,  shellac.  Ex- 
porters of  heavy  chemicals,  aniline  colors. 
Branch  offices  New  York,  Yokohama,  Singa- 
pore.    Cable  address  "HARITE  VANCOUVER." 

WHALEN  PULP  AND  PAPER  MILLS,  LTD., 
Merchants  Bank  Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C 
Canada.  Exclusive  manufacturers  of  sulphite 
pulp.  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs.,  95%  to  100% 
air-dry. 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 

YARROWS,  LTD.,  Victoria,  British  Columbia. 
Shipbuilders,  engineers,  ship  repairers.  Maintain 
iron  and  brass  foundries  together  with  modern 
facilities  for  quick  despatch  of  repairs  to  both 
steel  and  wooden  vessels.  Marine  railway  and 
drv  dock.  Cable  address  "YARROWS  VIC- 
TORIA." 

ZELLERBACH  PAPER  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Quotations  and  samples 
of  paper  for  export.  Represented  at  Yokohama 
and  Shanghai.  Cable  address  "ZELLERBACH." 
All  codes. 

W.  Z.  ZEE  &  SONS.  A12299  Broadway,  Shang- 
hai. Contractors  to  Governments,  Municipali- 
ties and  Manufacturers  for  engineering  mater- 
ials, naval  and  marine  stores,  hardware  and 
metals.  Purchasing  agents  as  well  as  selling 
agents.  Established      1985.  Cable     address 

"ZUNOLEE"    SHANGHAI. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


November    19  19 


33 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 
American  Can  Company. 

ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 
Addreasograph  Company. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
Arnott  &  Company. 

AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 
r>  *  TTT-TUBS 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 
BLANKETS.  QUILTS.  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS,   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 

BOOTS 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND   COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

James  P.   Dwan 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CANNED  GOODS 

C   M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

F.   E.  Booth  Company. 

Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS.  CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES.   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 

CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The   Arlington   Company. 

CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 

B.   F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge    Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 

DRESS  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 
The  Hale  Company. 
Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 
FERTILIZERS 

Brady  &  Company 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific   Lubricating  Company. 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sperry  Flour  Co. 
FOOD  PRODUCTS 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman   Brothers   Company. 
W.  R.   Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 
F.   E.   Booth  Company. 
Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
F.  Griffin  &  Company.  " 
C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 


GAS  ENGINES 
Arnott  &  Company. 

GLASSWARE 
B.  F.  Heastand. 

GLOVES 
Davis  Brothers, 


Inc. 


GREASES  • 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

GROCERIES 
C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 

HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 

HARDWARE 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

HIDES 
Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

INDUSTRIAL  EQUIPMENT 

James  P.  Dwan. 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 

LAUNDRY  TRAYS 
Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 
Kullman,   Salz  &  Company. 
A.  J.  &  J.  R.  Cook. 
LOCOMOTD/ES 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
Clyde  Equipment  Company. 
James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 
Topping  Brothers. 
Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
J.  Aron  &  Company. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 
Paul  R.  Ruben  &  Company. 
H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 
Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.   Company. 
Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 

NITRATES 

C.   Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OFFICE  SUPPLIES 

Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 

OILS 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 
James  P.  Dwan. 
F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 
Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

PAPER 

Zellerbach  Taper  Company. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &   MATERIALS 

The  Ansco   Company. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 
Topping  Brothers. 


RAW  PRODUCTS 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
A.  O.  Andersen  &  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 
Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 

RICE 

F.   Griffin   &  Co. 

ROOFING 
Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 

RUBBER  GOODS 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 
Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Williams-Marvin   Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL   AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
Murray  Jacobs. 
A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 
Cambria  Spring  Company. 
The  American  Pulley  Company. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TANKS.  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TEA  EXPERTS 

MacDonald  &  Company. 
Pacific  American  Trading  Co. 
TEXTILE  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TRUCKS 
Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 

TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board   Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 
WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board   Companies. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WHEELS,   CASTERS,   Etc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 


34 


Pan    Pacific 


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|       Cable  Address:   "ZELLERBACH"  All  Standard  Codes  Established  1869 

Zellerbach  Paper  Company 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 
NEW  YORK  CITY,  U.  S.  A. 

has  an  enlarged  Export  Department  and  will  furnish  samples  and  quotations  on: 


PRINTING  PAPER 
WRITING  PAPER 
PAPER  BOXES 
PULPS 


WRAPPING  PAPER 

CARDBOARDS 

TWINES 

PAPER  CONTAINERS 

ENVELOPES  MANUFACTURED  TO  ORDER 
and  everything  made  of  paper 
WE  OWN  AND  OPERATE  OUR  OWN  MILLS  AND  FACTORIES 
YOUR  CORRESPONDENCE  IS  INVITED 


SOLID  FIBRE 
SHIPPING  CASES 
PAPER  TOWELS 
CORRUGATED  PRODUCTS 


S i linn inn iiimiiiiiiiiimiiii inn mimmmiiiinmmmminnmimiininii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiini 11 mini mm minimum mum in inn i inimminnmiiiiinmimniinnnmn i i n mini? 


MARINE  SECTION 


The  following  marine  insurance  companies,  surveyors,  brokers  and  adjusters  are  reliable  and  of  good  standing. 
This  publication  believes  that  all  dealings  had  with  these  concerns  will  prove  satisfactory  in  every  particular. 


MARINE  INSURANCE 

(San  Francisco,  Cat.) 

Aetna  Insurance  Company. 

Atlantic  Mutal  Insurance  Company. 

Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Company. 

Fireman's   Fund   Insurance   Company. 

Home  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co.  of  Calif. 

Liverpool  &  London  &  Globe  Insurance  Co. 

H.   M.  Newhall  &  Company. 


MARINE  SURVEYORS 


(San    Francisco,   Cat.) 


Ernest  Bent 
L.   Curtis 
James  F.  Fowler 
W.  F.  Mills 


W.   J.  Murray 
John   Rinder 
J.  Seale  &  Company 
Frank  Walker 


Thomas  Wallace 


SHIP,  CUSTOM  AND 
FREIGHT  BROKERS 

(San  Francisco,  Cal.) 


C. 

H 

w 


Beyful  &  Company 

D.  Bowly 

J.  Byrnes 
Brady  &  Co. 

C.  D.  Bunker  &  Company. 
John  W.  Chapman 
Frank  P.  Dow 
Davies,  Turner  &  Company 
F.  F.  G.  Harper  &  Company 
FYederic  Henry 
Fred  Holmes  &  Son. 
Henry  Kirchmann,  Jr. 
Bernard  Judae  Company 


Kincaid  Shipping  Company. 

Martins-Gardens  Company. 

E.  Griffin  &  Co. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

Page  Brothers. 

George  W.   Reed   &  Company. 

W.  S.   Scammel  &  Company. 

W.  B.  Thornley. 


(Portland,  Oregon) 


Else  Shipping  Company. 
C.   V.  Ericesson  &  Company. 
Taylor  &  Young  Company. 
Tegen  &  Main. 

(Seattle,    Washington) 
Frank  P.  Dow  Company,  Inc. 
Fankner,  Currie  &  Company,  Inc. 


MARINE  ADJUSTERS 

When  in  need  of  the  services  of  reliable  ma- 
rine adjusters,  exporters  and  importers  will  And 
it  to  their  advantage  to  consult  any  of  the  con- 
cerns listed  below. 


(San   Francisco,  California.) 


Creditors'   Adjustment   Company. 
Dodwell  &  Company. 
Insurance  Company  of  North  America. 
London  &  Lancashire  Fire  Insurance  Co. 
H.  M.  Newhall  &  Company. 
Pacific   Coast   Adjusting  Bureau. 
Springfield  Fire  &  Marine  Insurance  Co. 
Union  Marine  Insurance  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 

(Seattle,   Washington) 


Dodwell  &  Company. 
Willcox,  Peck  &  Hughes. 


STEAMSHIP  LINES 

OPERATING  IN 

THE  PACIFIC 

(San  Francisco,  California) 

CHINA   MAIL    STEAMSHIP    COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  the  Orient. 
OCEANIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

San  Francisco  to  Sydney,  Australia. 
ROBERT   DOLLAR  COMPANY 

Oriental  Trade. 
EAST   ASIATIC   COMPANY,   LTD. 

Oriental  Trade. 
W.   R.   GRACE  &  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports  and  Orient. 
GULF  MAIL  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Central  &  South  American  Ports. 
PACIFIC  MAIL  STEAMSHIP   COMPANY 

Mexico,   South   America  and   Orient. 
CHARLES   NELSON  COMPANY 

Hawaiian  Islands. 
A.  F.  THANE  &  COMPANY 

Australia. 
TOYO  KISEN  KAISHA 

San  Francisco  and  Orient. 
JAVA  -CHINA- JAPAN-LIJN 

San  Francisco  to  Orient. 

San  Francisco  to  Netherland  East  Indies. 
JOHNSON  LINE 

San  Francisco  to  Scandinavian  Ports. 
MERCHANTS  LINE 

Pacific,   Atlantic  &  South  America. 
OCEAN  TRANSPORT   COMPANY.  LTD. 

San    Francisco   to    Seattle   and   Vancouver   to 

Oriental  Ports  of  Call. 
TRANS-OCEANIC  CO. 

San    Francisco    to    Seattle   and   Vancouver   to 

Oriental  Ports  of  Call. 

(Oregon   and   Washington) 
PACIFIC  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
OSAKA  SHOSEN  KAISHA 

Seattle  to  Orient. 
SEATTLE  STEAMSHIP  COMPANY  ' 

Seattle   to  Australia  and  South  Africa. 


FOREIGN  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 


JAPAN 

Andrews  &  George  Co.,  Inc Tokio 

Aki  &  Company Osaka 

A  be   Kobe!   Yokohama 

Masuda  &  Company  Yokohama 

Murato  &  Umtanni  Kobe 

Nosawa  &  Company  Toklo 

Samuel  Samuel  &  Co.,  Ltd Tokio 

Yonel   Shoten   Tokio 

PHILIPPINE    ISLANDS 

Parsons  Hardware  Co.,  Inc Manila 

W.  F.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Ltd Manila 

Warner,   Barnes  &   Co.,  Ltd Manila 


CHINA 

Andersen,  Meyer  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

J.  M.  Alver  &  Company Hong  Kong 

Dodwell  &  Company  Shanghai 

Okura  &  Co.,  Ltd Shanghai 

Shewan,  Tonmes  &  Co Hong  Kong 

Harry  Wicking  &  Company  Hong  Kong 

STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS 

Central   Engine   Works,   Ltd Singapore 

Katz  Brothers,  Ltd Penang,  S.   S. 

Patterson,  Simons  &  Co.,  Ltd Penang,  S.  S. 

Straist  Industrial   Syndicate Singapore 


AUSTRALIA 

Brown   &   Dureau,   Ltd Perth 

Capron,   Carter  &  Co.,  Ltd Sydney 

Essex  R.   Picot  i Sydney 

Eliza   Tinsley   Melbourne 

A.  H.  &  A.  E.  Humphries Melbourne 

A.   Goninan  &   Co.,  Ltd New  Castle 

James  Hardie  &  Company Sydney 

Turnbull  &  Niblett  Sydney 

NEW   ZEALAND 

W.  H.   Long  &  Company Wellington 

F.  W.  Markham  , Wellington 

Herbert  G.  Teagle,  Ltd Wellington 


N  ovember    19  19  35 

giimiMiiimiiiiiimuimmiimiiiiiiimmiiiiiimiimimiiniiiMimiimimim 


The  Guaranteed  Circulation  of  this  Issue 
is  13,000  Copies  by  Sworn  Statement. 


It  is  Quality  Circulation 


Every  merchant  of  consequence  in  the  Orient 
and  Latin  American  Countries  interested  in 
importing  American  Export  Commodities 
receives  a  monthly  cofty  of  this  Pvhlication. 


Your  business  message  can  be  put  before  this 
exceptionally  lucrative  field  at  a  cost  insignificant 
to  the  result  to  be  obtained. 


Our  sworn  circulation  statement  and  rate  card 
awaits  your  request. 


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36 


Pan  Pacific 


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Full  Trainload  of  Copra 


THOMAS  &   COMPANY 


Cable  Address: 
THOMAS,  SEATTLE 


IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


IMPORTERS  AND  BUYERS 
OF 

Copra       Cocoanut  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil     Peanut  Oil 

Cottonseed  Oil        Sesam  Seed 

China  Wood  Oil     Whale  Oil 

Fish  Oils  and  Tallows 


CABLE  US  YOUR  OFFERINGS 


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BOMBAY,  INDIA — Commercial  agent  desires  to 
be  put  in  touch  with  manufacturers  of  iron 
and  steel  products,  industrial  machinery,  fac- 
tory equipment,  laboratory  supplies,  heavy 
chemicals,  aniline  dyes,  railway  stores,  ship 
stores,  electrical  fittings,  fans  and  accessories. 
Desire  C.I.F.  quotations  and  catalogs.  Ad- 
dress Box  775  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Commission  merchant  wishes 
to  make  a  connection  with  merchants  desir- 
ing representation  in  Cuba.  Address  Box  776 
Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Firm  in  Cuba  desires  to  rep- 
resent in  that  country  exporters  of  flour,  rice, 
beans,  coffee,  potatoes,  onions,  canned  goods, 
as  well  as  textiles,  drugs,  grain,  hardware  and 
chemical  products.  Address  Box  777  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

MANZANTLLO,  CUBA— Company  in  Manzanillo 
desires  to  represent  some  one  in  position  to 
export  food  products  to  that  country.  Address 
Box  778  Pan  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  communicate 
with  exporters  of  aniline  dyes  and  artificial 
indigo.     Address  Box  779  Pan  Pacific. 

WINNIPEG,  MANITOBA— Broker  is  desirous  of 
securing  agencies  from  reliable  manufacturers 
and  dealers  in  food  products  and  kindred  lines. 
Address  Box  780  Pan  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN- — Japanese  import  and  export 
firm  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  importers  of 
Japanese  goods.     Address  Box  781  Pan  Pacific. 

KYOTO,  JAPAN— Firm  is  interested  in  the  im- 
portation of  metal  ware,  such  as  bar,  plate 
and  angle  steel,  of  steel  and  iron,  wire  nails, 
tin  plate  and  screws.  Address  Box  782  Pan 
Pacific. 

MONTERREY,  MEXICO— Company  would  like  to 
receive  quotations  C.I.F.  Laredo,  Texas,  from 
packers  of  canned  salmon  and  dried  fruits. 
Address  Box  783   Pan  Pacific. 

PARIS,  FRANCE — Firm  desires  to  represent  in 
Paris,  American  firms  desiring  a  correspon- 
dent either  as  buyer  or  salesman.  Address 
Box   784   Pan   Pacific. 

BUCHAREST,  ROUMANIA— Company  desires 
to  represent  in  Roumania  and  the  South  of 
Russia,  firms  exporting  aniline  dyes,  colors 
and  chemicals,  cotton  and  textiles,  glass,  pa- 
per, railroad  supplies,  oils  and  lubricants, 
foodstuffs  and  machinery.  Address  Box  785 
Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO— Representative  of  local  firm 
leaving  for  China  about  November  1st  desires 
to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  and  manufac- 
turers wishing  to  be  represented  in  the  Orient. 
Address  Box  786  Pan  Pacific. 

CETTE,  FRANCE; — Swiss  firm  desires  to  make 
a  connection  with  exporters  of  alimentary 
products,  soaps,  cereals.  Address  Box  787 
Pan  Pacific. 

SHANGHAI,  CHINA— English  firm  desires  to 
make  a  connection  with  manufacturers  and 
exporters  likely  to  require  Oriental  produce 
and  dry  goods.  Also  desires  to  obtain  exclu- 
sive agency  for  a  few  good  cinema  film  ex- 
porters.    Address  Box  788  Pan   Pacific. 

ENGLAND — British  firm  desires  to  secure  rep- 
resentatives to  handle  their  products  through- 
out the  world.  Products  are  tower  clocks, 
wall  clocks  and  grandfather  clocks,  etc.  Ad- 
dress   Box   789   Pan   Pacific. 

VIENNA,  AUSTRIA — Party  desires  to  commun- 
icate with  manufacturers  and  exporters  desir- 
ing representation  in  Austria.  Address  Box 
799  Pan  Pacific. 

MATANZAS,  CUBA — Commission  merchant 
would  like  to  get  in  touch  with  firms  desiring 
to  extend  their  business  relations  with  mer- 
chants in  Cuba.  Interested  in  food  products, 
steel  products,  wearing  apparel.  Address  Box 
791  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Party  desires  to  represent  in 
Cuba  exporters  of  rice,  beans  and  canned 
goods.     Address  Box  792  Pan  Pacific. 

GUAYAQUIL,  ECUADOR— Manufacturer  of  Pa- 
nama hats  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  im- 
porters of  hats.  Samples  sent  on  application. 
Address  Box  793  Pan  Pacific. 

CALCUTTA,  INDIA— Firm  in  India  is  in  the 
market  for  motor  cars.  This  company  has 
handled  several  motor  cars  In  India  and  re- 
ports are  very  satisfactory.  Address  Box  794 
Pan  Pacific. 

SANTIAGO,  CHILE— Company  in  this  city 
wishes  to  enlarge  their  business  connections 
with  the  U.  S.     Would  like  to  receive  catalogs 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 

and  quotations  from  manufacturers  who  are 
desirous  of  enlarging  their  business  with 
Chile.     Address  Box  795  Pan  Pacific. 

COLOMBIA — Manufacturers  agent  in  Columbia 
wishes  to  secure  direct  representation  of 
manufacturers  of  textiles  and  dry  goods, 
chemicals,  drugs,  hardware  and  paper  prod- 
ucts. Correspondence  may  be  in  English.  Ad- 
dress Box  796  Pan  Pacific. 

CHILE — Member  of  a  Chilean  firm  is  now  in  the 
U.  S.  seeking  agencies  for  the  sale  of  chem- 
icals, hardware,  paints,  soaps.  Address  Box 
797  Pan  Pacific. 

BUCHAREST,  ROUMANIA— Company  in  Rou- 
mania desires  to  secure  connection  with  ex- 
porters with  view  of  representing  them  in 
that  country.     Address  Box  798  Pan  Pacific. 

FAR  EAST — Government  of  a  country  in  the 
Far  East  have  planned  the  development  of 
new  coal  mines.  The  chief  engineer  of  this 
project  desires  catalogue  of  electrical  trans- 
mission machinery,  mining  machinery  and 
machine  tools.     Address  Box  799   Pan   Pacific. 

FRANCE — Man  in  France  wishes  to  make  con- 
nection with  exporters  of  olives,  dried  and 
canned  fruits  and  vegetables,  also  canned 
tuna,  with  idea  of  representing  them  in  that 
country.     Address  Box  800  Pan  Pacific. 

BOGOTA,  COLOMBIA — Established  merchant 
in  Bogota  desires  to  represent  exporters  of 
agricultural  implements  and  tools,  clothing, 
boots  and  shoes.  Address  Box  801  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

CUBA — Firm  in  Cuba  desires  to  secure  an 
agency  for  the  sale  of  codfish  together  with 
all  other  kinds  of  fish.  Address  Box  802  Pan 
Pacific. 

RUSSIA — Firm  desires  to  secure  agencies  for 
the  sale  of  motion  picture  films  in  Russia,  of 
which  there  is  a  great  scarcity.  Address  Box 
803  Pan  Pacific. 

DUTCH  EAST  INDIES— Firm  desires  to  secure 
sole  agencies  for  the  sale  in  the  above  named 
country,  canned  fruits,  vegetables,  fruits, 
jams,  sardines  and  salmon,  wines,  canned 
milk,  soaps  and  perfumes.  Address  Box  804 
Pan   Pacific. 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.— Manufacturer  desires 
quotations  in  lots  of  25,000  on  glass  double 
standard  strength,  "A"  4  7/16  inch  diameter, 
ground  on  inner  surface  of  outer  edge,  con- 
vexed  %  inch  to  %  inch.  Address  Box  805 
Pan  Pacific. 

ANTWERP,  BELGIUM— J.  Deghilage,  rue  sol- 
vyns,  83.  This  first  class  agency  solicits  offers 
or  representation  for  Belgium  and  North  of 
France,  of  exporters  of  food  products,  pre- 
serves, coffee,  oilcakes,  seeds,  cereals,  fresh 
and  dried  fruits,  tobacco,  wax,  ivory,  rubber, 
hides.  The  agency  exports  all  products  of 
Belgian   manufacturers.     Address   as   above. 

BOMBAY — Import  and  export  merchant  desires 
to  establish  connections  with  an  export  paper 
company  as  well  as  a  printing  establishment 
capable  of  taking  care  of  large  printing  and 
binding  orders.  They  also  desire  quotations 
on  bond  and  ledger  papers  together  with  writ- 
ing papers.  Quotations  must  be  C.I.F.  or  F. 
O.B.  reserving  5%  commission  in  their  quota- 
tions.    Address  Box  808  Pan  Pacific. 

HARBIN,  MANCHURIA— Company  with  offices 
in  Changchum,  Harbin  and  Ourga  desires  to 
get  in  touch  with  importers  of  Manchurian 
raw  products  such  as  wool,  hides,  furs  and 
skins,  and  exporters  of  cotton  piece  goods 
suitable  for  the  Russian  peasant.  Desire  ca- 
talogues and  quotations.  Address  Box  809 
Pan  Pacific. 

KUWANA,  JAPAN— Manufacturer  of  fishing 
nets  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  interested 
importers.     Address  Box  810  Pan  Pacific. 

SHANGHAI,  CHINA  —  Established  firm  in 
Shanghai  wishes  to  communicate  with  com- 
panies interested  in  the  Chinese  markets.  Ad- 
dress  Box   811   Pan   Pacific. 

SHANGHAI,  CHINA— Firm  of  general  import- 
ers, exporters  and  general  commission  mer- 
chants, desires  to  be  put  in  touch  with  mer- 
chants desiring  representation  in  China.  Es- 
pecially interested  in  machinery  and  petrol- 
eum products.     Address  Box  812  Pan  Pacific. 

KOYTO,  JAPAN— Japanese  firm  is  in  the  mar- 
ket for  dividing  machines  to  be  used  in  mak- 
ing graduations  in  chemical  measures  of  glass, 
to  be  driven  by  a  small  electric  motor.  De- 
sires price  list  and  illustrated  catalog.  Ad- 
dress Box  813   Pan  Pacific. 


TOKYO,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  communicate 
with  importers  of  tea,  silk  goods,  cotton  goods, 
stationeries  and  rubber  goods,  glassware, 
wire  and  hemp  rope,  vegetable  wax.  Export- 
ers of  wool,  woolen  cloth  and  fancy  worsted. 
Address  Box  814  Pan  Pacific. 

OSAKA,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  get  in  touch 
with  exporters  of  aniline  dyes,  chemicals  and 
glues.     Address  Box  815  Pan  Pacific. 

COT  A  BATO,  MINDANAO,  P.  I.— Party  is  in 
the  market  for  5,000  meters  of  wire  and  wishes 
to  hear  from  exporters  of  this  product.  Ad- 
dress Box  816  Pan  Pacific. 

ANTWERP,  BELGIUM— Manufacturers  of  bas- 
kets and  willow  ware  desires  to  get  in  touch 
with  interested  importers.  Address  Box  817 
Pan  Pacific. 

DECINES,  FRANCE— Special  manufacturers  of 
chemical  products  and  dealers  in  herbs  and 
drugs  is  interested  in  receiving  firm  offers  on 
all  kinds  of  medicinal  plants  and  drugs,  es- 
pecially on  cherry-stalks.  Address  Box  818 
Pan  Pacific. 

SYDNEY,  AUSTRALIA— Estate  and  commer- 
cial agent  in  Sydney  desires  to  be  put  in  touch 
with  importers  of  copra.  Address  Box  819 
Pan  Pacific. 

TIA  JUANA,  LOWER  CALIFORNIA— Party  de- 
sires to  get  in  touch  with  merchants  handling 
reed,  fibre  and  rattan  for  the  manufacture  of 
furniture.     Address  Box  820  Pan  Pacific. 

QUETTA,  INDIA — One  of  largest  organizations 
in  India  are  desirous  of  making  a  connection 
with  exporters  of  kerosene  oil  with  view  of 
becoming  their  sole  agents  in  that  country. 
This  company  agrees  to  maintain  as  much  se- 
curity in  the  U.  S.  as  mutually  agreed  and 
gives  very  excellent  financial  as  well  as  other 
references  which  are  on  file  in  this  office. 
Address  Box  821   Pan  Pacific. 

SPANISH  TRANSLATIONS:  Expert  Translator; 
legal  documental  or  other  matter;  Spanish 
correspondence  a  specialty;  reasonable;  satis- 
faction guaranteed.  Address  ESW,  c/o  Pan 
Pacific,    618    Mission    St. 


MILLER 

I  CARBURETOR \ 

Mosl  Compart  and  Efficient 
Carburetor  Made 

Fewer  Parts— Absolutely  Automatic 

|  Representation  Desired  in  ail  Parts  of  the  World 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.t  U.  S.  A. 

~.ltlllHlllllllilllllltlllMIIMIIIIIinillllllllllinillllllllltlll[|inilllNllllllHlllltlMllllillllllltlllHM.~ 


N  ovember    19/9 


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37 


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FGRIFFIN&CO    Limited      [GENERAL    PAPER   CO. 

■■■  •    VJAVXA  J.  AX^     W.  VJW.,  -L.11A111CV1     :  525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Franci8co,  U.  S.  A. 


SHIP 
BROKERS 


IMPORTERS    AND    EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 


STEAMSHIP 
AGENTS 


|     Phone   Garfield   2241                                                               SAN    FRANCISCO     I 
=Ti  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  i  j  1 1  ri  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ■  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ]  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  <  i mint tiin  tin  niiiTiiiiiiiK iiiiitiiiiiiiiiitiiiitiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiin; 


525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 
Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"   All   Codes 
Bank  Papep 

References:  D  A  D  CT  D  Mill 

Bank   of   Italy  rnrLrx  J~ .-...■■■ 

San     Francisco  Representatives 

BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,   Portland,   Los  Angeles 

Dealers   In   News,   Book,  Writing,   Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and  Wrapping   Papers 

iimiimm milt iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilliiliilltiiiliiltin n mm iiimiinmi iinnim iimimmimimmmiimiiii." 


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BROKER 


BETWEEN 


AMERICA 
and  JAPAN 


We  SELL  Your  Goods  in  Japan 
ANYTHING 
Direct  Representation  in  the  Orient 
For  Further   Information   Address 


We  BUY  Your  Goods  in  Japan 
ANY  AMOUNT 

Western  Commercial  Co.         m  WH0LEMLE  TERMINAL  ,LDC 


Cable  Address:  "WECO" 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


aiiimiimiimimiiimmimiimiimimiiiiimiimii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimim miiimimiiiim imiiii i mimmimiimim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniii iiiimm 111111111111111111111 i iiihiimiimi inn 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111 minimi imiimiimiiimiiiiiii,, 

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Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 

May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 
promptly  and  frankly 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 
General  Insurance 


Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
"PROVEN  QUALITY' 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 


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AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-  ENGINES  -WAGONS  - 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

and 

AU  Shipments  Made  F.  O.  B. 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT  &C0. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  J0UTHWEST - 

IIZ  118  50.  LOS  ANGELES  ST.  LOS  ANOELES 


;     MULTIGRAPHING        MIMEOGRAPHING 

I     BRUCKMAN 

TRANSLATING  and 
TYPING     BUREAU 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 

San  Francisco 

Telephone  Douglas  1316 


^m  tlllllllllllllllllllllllJIIlJIIIIIIIIIIJIfllllllllllllllliriMbElll llllJIIIIIIIIIMllJIIIJIIIlllMIIIICIllllIllllltllllLIIIIIIIJIIIIIIITIIirilll Iltllltljlllllllllllll lllllJII!llllh[lllllltllltMlllillllllll]IIIJIIIl£llllT=  ^IIMMIMIMMMMIMI  IIIIMM  llllllll  II IIIMIMIIMIIIMHIMIMI  Mill  MIlimMMIMIMIIMMMmiMMMMII  I  Mil-; 

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I  Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co.   | 


CUSTOM  HOUSE   BROKERS 

Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington 


U.    S.    BONDED    STORAGE 

Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 
Distributing,  Consolidating 
Branch  Offices!       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash. 


"Service  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 

iiniiiumiMiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiii inn liiilMiiiiiiiiiiiiiu iiiiiiiiiiimiimmiiiiiii hum iiiiinii iiiiiiuiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiuiiiiu iiimimimiimimmimiimi i milium mm immiimiii?. 


38  Pan  Pacific 

i?  <  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ri  1 1 1  ri  1 1 1  m  i  r  <  1 1  n  1 1 1 1 iiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:jiiiiiitjiiiiiiiiii[)i[iiiiiMi initiiiLiiiiiiiitijiriiiititiiMi r rMiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiMiiiiiiMiiMiiriiiiiiiitiiriiirMiitlilliiiriliMirMiiiiiiiiiirMlinilllxiiiilMiiliiiiiiiiciiitii iiiiiirircaitMiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiriiiiitiiiiiiiitiiiiii^ 

JENSEN     THERMOSTAT    PRSt°;!£fUyr,= 


OP     ENGINE 


317  W.  Pico  Street 


It  automatically  supplies  proper  amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen 
to  make  perfect  combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  overheating 

INCREASES  MILEAGE  AND  POWER-GIVES  SPEED  AND  SNAP 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Foreign  Countries 

Samples,  Literature  and   Prices   Sent  on   Request  ,  to  Responsible  Concerns 

HALBURIN   COMPANY 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


^=•■1111 ilJiiiriitfiijiitiitJiisiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitillllllllii'lllllllliltJiiillilllliliiiniitiil  iiiitiiniiiuiiiillJllliiiiiiniiiillntiimiinimni 1 1  im  in  iiilliiiiiiiini  jiiiiiiiiiiii  jiiiiiihihijiiiti  iimimiu  iiiiiii  j  Mil  i  mi  i  iiiiriiiiim mimiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiimiimilliiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiuiiiimiiiimiilliiiiiiiir. 

sp in:,  i ^intmntntiiiiiriini ,n  i  it  1 1  .si  i  ii  1 1  in  1 1  n  1 1  >i  i  itn  i  tt  1 1  ii  1 1 1  n  i  ii  1 1  it  1 1  ti  1 1  ii  M  s  1 1  it  1 1  ii  1 1  tri  1 1  ii  1 1  ii in  i  ii  i  in  1 1  n  1 1  ci  1 1  ii  1 1  r  1 1 1  re  1 1 1 1 1 1  ii  1 1 1  j  i  ii  1 1 1  ti  i  it  1 1 1  ii  1 1  rn  ii  ci  i  r  [i  1 1  mi  i  m  iiiiiinu  1 1  t  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1 1[  1 1 1  t  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1  ii  i  ri  1 1 1 1  ii  i  :ii  i  ti  i  t>t  1 1  n  1 1  ii  1 1 iiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiimiimii'i: 


Cable  Address: — 

LA VAN,  VANCOUVER 

Codes: — 

A.  B.  C.  5th;  Bentleys;  Western 
Union. 


A.  K.  LA  VAN  COMPANY 

207  Hastings  Street,  West,  Vancouver,  B.  C.,  Canada 

EXPORTERS  AND  IMPORTERS 
SHIPPING  AND  COMMISSION 
MANUFACTURERS    AGENTS 


Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds  of 

merchandise. 
References:— 

Standard  Bank  of  Canada,  Bank 

of   Montreal,    (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 

Branch.) 


^^.!J[[MILIIlIllIMIIIIIlIII1[lltllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIieillMll[lirillTIIJIEiJIIIIIIIITIIIIMI]IIMMI]MI]tllltElltll1lllllLI3l[ll|[lltMIIIII1LIIIIII1l IIIIIIIIJLIllJMJIilllllJMlllllJI^IIIIIIJIIIIIIIlIIIIEiairillliailllllEIIIIIIJFMdllllMIIIIIIIMrilllllllllllMlIllalMIIIMIIIItMIIIIIIIIIIhlllC JFIIltlld1lllliMllIIIIIIIIIIII1llllillllIIIII|II||||PI|  |7^ 

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C.  HENRY  SMITH 

MAIN  OFFICE: 

[   311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.    | 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND    IMPORT 

AH   Codes.     Code  Address:  CHENRYINC 

^iiiiiniiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiininiiuiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiil 
SlitiiiiiiiMiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 


I  Pacific  Coast 

United    States  of  America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 

i 

J  The  100%  Club 

|    Arcade  Floor  Monadnock  Bldg,  San  Francisco 

|    An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained   for  the  benefit  of 
I    buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.  An  information  bureau  is 
|    maintained.     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers. 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and 
=  merchants.  Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods 
|  and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.  All  are  leaders  in 
|    their  line. 

;    We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation. 

=     Business  connections  established.      Correspondence   invited   in   any   foreign 
|     language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE,  Sec.-Treas. 


VICTOR  PATRON 

IMPORT 
EXPORT 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 
CABLE:    PATRON" 

niiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiniiuiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiNniiiiiuiiniitiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiii^ 
^iiiniiiiiiitMiiiiiininiiiiiiitiiiuiniiitiiiniiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiniiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiHiiitiiiMiiMiiiiiiMiiiimiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiMi^ 

Whalen  Pulp  &  Paper  Mills,  Limited 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Exclusive  Manufacturers  of  the  following  well-known 
brands  of  Sulphite  Pulp 

I  SNOWHITE  BRAND,    Bleached  Sulphite 

!  GLACIER  BRAND     )  I 

I   CRYSTAL   BRAND    f  Easy  Bleachin8  SulPhlte  | 


SWAN  BRAND 
SAMSON  BRAND 


Strong  Sulphite 


Made  under  the  most  modern  Mill  conditions  from  the 
famous  British  Columbia  Spruce 

Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs. 
95fc  to  100%  air-dry. 


MILL  CREEK  MILL 

Capacity 

80  tons 
Easy  Bleaching 


SW ANSON  BAY  MILL 

Capacity 
40  tons 
Strong 


PORT  ALICE  MILL 

Capacity 
SO  tons  Bleached 
and  Easy  Bleaching 


Head  Office: 

MERCHANTS  BANK  BUILDING 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Canada 


»i!liiniiiii:iiiiijiiniiitiiiiiilliiitliiliiitliiliiiinniiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiHii,ii:iniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiniiHiiiuiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniuiiiiih; 


".iiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiinii iiiiliiiliiiiiilllillliilliuiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiu 


November    19  19 


39 


ujtiiililimiililllHilimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiirr 


mitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiimi nun iiillllllllllllllllll iniiiiui miiiiiiiihiiiiiii lllllllili illiniiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiillllliiiilillliilllilii i llllU: 


CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pres. 


J.  E.  PETERS,  Vice-Pfes. 


SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 


CEO.  R.  WEEKS,  Secieuiy 


The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  t  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery.      1 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other     | 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE  j 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO.  ! 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A.  Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 

I  1 

^iiiiitiiittiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiri HMitiiiuiiriiiiui  iiiiiiiiiniuiiiinirMiiiiiiuiiiuiiiiiiiinitHiiillllltMliniiMlliriiiiiiiMitiiiiiiiriiiiiiirMiiiiiriiiiMiMiriMriiiiiiiMiiiiiiMiiriiiMiiMitiiitiiiiniiiMiniiMiiniinii  miiiiii  uiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiri iiiciiisiiciijiiiitiinijiiiiiuiiiijiiiiiii  jiiT^ 

^NiinMuitMiiiMniiiuMiiMiiiiMiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiniiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiuiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiniiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiuiiniiniiniiiiiiiuiniiiiini^         giiilllllltlllliiiiiiiiiiillllMlliiiiiilniiuiiiMiHiiiMllMllMllllllllllillinillllinilllililiiillllilliliiiiiliillijliiiiiniiMllMllinilllllluiuiluilllllllltlllllllll* 


MATSON  LINE 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


1    OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 

120  Market  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


1    SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET 


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J  Rolph,  Mills  &  Company  | 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 


SEATTLE 


Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK 


CHICAGO 


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Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's,  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


"Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 


3r[tiiiitijiriiifiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiicjiiijii[]jiFiiniiiit]iii  iiifiiiitiiiiiiiiiiLtiiiifjiiciiiiiiiitiiiijiitjiiijiitiiitiiiitiiiiiitiiitiiittjiijiiiiiiijiiJttiitjiitjiiitiijiiit[iijriiifiiitiiiiiirsiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiii<iiJfiiiiiiiiiiJiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiciiiiiitiiijiiiJii3Jiiirriuiiii  riuttiitiiiniu  jiuiiift  iirfiiijiKiiiiiiiitiiijiiijiitiiiiiiitiiiiijiiiJiitiirtiiiijJi'^ 

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P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

— Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485   California   Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


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40 


Pan  Pacific 


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TRAFFIC  MANAGERS 


SHIP  BROKERS 


FREIGHT  FORWARDERS 


WESTERN  TRAFFIC  SERVICE 


EXPORT 


IMPORT 


Marsh-Strong  Bldg. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address  "WESTRAF" 

j       C.  I.  F.  QUOTATIONS  ,  A.  B.  C.  Ith  Improved-Western  Union  DOCUMENTATION 

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iimmiimimimmmiimimiiiiiiiimimimimiiiiimiiiiimiiiiimimiiiiiiimiiimimimimimimimiiiimimimimimmg 

AIDS  TO  rOREIGN  TRADE 

Foreign  Lists,  Translating,  Catalogues.  Trade  Marks,  Advertising  Data 
Trade  Reports  Covering  MEXICO,  CENTRAL  and  SOUTH  AMERICA 
LATIV-AMERICAN  ADVERTISING  CO 
1     1120  Van  Nuys  Building                                                                 Los  Angeles,  Cal.      = 
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Herbert   W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co.  j 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  lor  Quotations 

|    209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.    | 

^iimmiimmirmujiimmmiimfHimiimmimimiiiiimimmiuiiiiiiiiiiiniinm 


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KAAS-HOPKINS.CO. 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 
Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

PROTECTIVE    PAPERS— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine, 

(Parchmyn),  Parcnmoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS — Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain 

or  Decorated ;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— White,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
GLAZED    PAPERS    for    Boxmakers,    etc.       White,    Colors, 

Embossed,  Novelties. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC  COVER  PAPERS   and  Mount   Board. 
WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers, 
We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  and  Quo- 
tations Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 


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!  PAGE  &  JONES  I 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,   Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 
[     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     j 

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References : 
=     Metropolitan    Bank 
=     Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address:         = 

RENCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4      = 

W.  U.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil        = 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 

205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

!     Freight   Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS,   LA.  Correspondence  Solicited     | 

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BOOTH'S 


CRESCENT 
RAND 


Sardines 

F.  E.  Booth  Co, 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND 

Exporters 


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RETAIL 


|    WHOLESALE  SEEDS 

GROWERS  AND  EXPORTERS 
Send  For  Our  Catalog 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  COMPANY 

|    LOS  ANGELES  CALIFORNIA    | 

iminiiiim iiniiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiim minimi mimimiimiimimm iimiimiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinis 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

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W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES: 

Seattle 

Peru                                           Costa  Rica 

Panama 

Los  Angeles 

Guatemala                                 Nicaragua 

Ecuador 

New  Orleans 

Salvador                                    Chile 

Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from   Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


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Hi  mm 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


>CEMBER,  1919 


Price  25  Cents 


SPECIAL  "WAKE  'EM  UP"  EDITION 


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Edited  by  John  H.  Gerrie 


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Straight  Talk  to  U.  S.  Exporte 

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Give  Philippines  Ships  or  Lose  Trade 

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Guy  Manners, 


omas  Fox,  J.  J.  Rafferty,  Lazaro  Basch,  Ralph  Daws< 
^William  Morris  Hughes 


A- MAGAZINE  y  INTERNATIONAL   COMME 


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FOR  THE  SALE  OF 

TIRES 


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THE   SAVAGE 
MILLIMETER  TIEE 


THE  SAVAGE 
GRIP  TEEAD  TIRE 


Savage  Tires  are  built  by  the  single  cure,  wrapped  tread  process  and  are  a  strictly  quality  product 
— made  to  meet  foreign  specifications  and  requirements. 

Our  export  department  is  equipped  to  translate  and  give  careful  attention  to  correspondence  and 
shipping  instructions. 


MILLIMETER 
SIZES 


INCH 
SIZES 


GREY   AND   GRAEINITE   TUBES 


THE  SAVAGE  TIRE  COMPANY 


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SAN  DIEGO,  CALIF.,  U.  S.  A. 


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December    19  19  41 

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|    Java-China-Japan  Lijn    | 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 
|  | 

BETWEEN 

S  = 

=  s 

San  Francisco  1 

AND 

1 

= 

Netherlands  East  Indies    I 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  I  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San  Francisco 

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42 


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|  L.  Dinkelspiel  Company  I 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,   CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


I  DRY  GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


I  NOTIONS  and 
I  FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods   —  Linens  — 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  TJ'^ks 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  — 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  — 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

i    Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 


Pan  Pacific 

^lllllltllllllllllllHIIinillllllNllllllllHIIIMIIHIIIIIIIintlliMIIIIIHMIIIIIIItllinillMIIUIIIMIIINIIIIUIIIIIIinilllllllinilMlllllllllllllltMlltlllllllllllllllllii 


Planting  the 
Flag  of  the 
Admiral  Line 
in  the  Orient 


TRANS-PACIFIC  SERVICE 
Sailings  from  Seattle  and  Portland  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

Pacific  Steamship  Company 

GENERAL    OFFICES 

5th  Floor,  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Portland,  Oregon  San  Francisco,  Calif. 


101  Third  Street 


New  York 
8  Bridge  Street 


112  Market  Street 


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llllliuuiuiliiimiiiim minimr. 


|    Manila,  Hong  Kong,  Vladivostok,  Shanghai,  Singapore,  Kobe,  Yokohama    I 

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!  Standard  Products  Company  I 

Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
I   Head  Office  260  CALIFORNIA  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.    | 


Bepresentatives  of 
AMERICAN  MANUFACTURERS 

EXCLUSIVE   ORIENTAL   DISTRIBUTOBS   OF 

"EVEBSHABP"   PENCIL  AND   "TEMPOINT" 

FOUNTAIN  PEN 

|    IMPORTERS  OF  Raw  Materials  and  Food  Products  from  China 
and  the  Philippines 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  CO. 
14  Canton  Road 
Shanghai,  China 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  CO. 

15  Plaza  Goiti 
Manila,  P.  I. 


ASSOCIATE  COMPANY 
Hongkong  Mercantile  Co.,  Hongkong,  China 

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RBHka  rn^rn 


■■km 


OF  ALL   KINDS   FOR 

Mines    and   Mills 

Machine   Shops 

Garages 
Boiler   Shops 

Forge   Shops 

Power    Plants 
Shipyards 

Sheet  Metal  Workers 

Engine   Builders 
Saw  Mills 

Planing  Mills 

Contractors 

LARGEST   STOCK    ON    THE 
PACIFIC    COAST 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE 

Established  1875 

SAN    FRANCISCO,   CAL.,    U.   S.   A. 

Cable  Address:   "AIRDRILL," 

All   Standard   Codes   Used 


Small 

Tools 


jfto* 


Supplies 
Hardware 


December    19/9 


43 


iiiiiiiininin TMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiii>MiriiilrilMtiiiii>iiiitiMitiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiitiiiirjiiitiiiii.  ■llilltlllltllllllllllllltllllltlllllllltllllilliiriiiiiiiiiMiitlllitiilirisilllltMltliiitlMllllitTMilTiiiiilllTllllllllimiii'Mii MiMMiMMiniiiiiimnniiiiniiniimiimimiiiiniiniiinimnmiimniimnniiniiniitiiiiimiiiii^ 


MANUFACTURERS  and  WHOLESALE   DEALERS 
of  GOOD  SHOES  ONLY;  Since  1885 

WE  CARRY  IN  STOCK  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 
ALL  STYLES  AND  GRADES  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— BOYS— CHILDRENS— INFANTS 
SLIPPERS,  LOW  SHOES  and  BOOTS 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  YOU  CHARGES  PREPAID 
JN0l3nL3rloll0GL<0.    San  Francisco,  Calif.,    D.  O.  A.    Nesco,  Bentleys  Code 


m     1 


V 

I 


Regulation  U.  S.  Army  Shoe 

In  Black,  Brown,  White  Elk  Leathers 

AH  Sizes  and  Widths  in  Stock 


-iriiiip tii4»iiiirii4iMiiriidrt]ijhrijiriiiiEiij{ii][iiirjEij^Eiir]jiiiEiii^ji3jfiiiixiiiiiiiiiiFiii7[iiiiLiiiijiiiiiriaiFMJiiMJjlllijfllf[lijjriJJlEijjtiiiiftiiiijiijiEiiitiiicijj|ijiirjjijijiicjiif]iiiijii^iiiiiMijjiiirMijEiijrriij^iijipiiiiEiiiFi]iii  ■iiiriEidjMiihriijriijiEpijriiiiEiajrEii^EEiiriiiiEiiiiiiiiEiiiTiiirtiirtiiijtiiiiEiijntiiriitjLEiiiiiiiir  i  ir^ 


^lllttlllltlllllllllUllllltlllllllMIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIMIIMIIIMIIIINIIIMIIIIItlllllllllltlllllllllltllHIIIIIIinilllllllUIIIIIIIHIIIIMUMIIMIIIIMnillllllHIIIIIIIIb 


Parent  Company 
Established  1867 


Resources  Over 
11,000,000 


|    Associated  Manufacturers    | 
I  Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers '  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

("able  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 

All  Codes 

!   871   Market   Street,   San   Francisco,    Cal.,    U.   S.   A.   j 

^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii irtiiiiiini 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111^ 


Best  for  Export 


We  give  special  care  in  the  filling  of  orders 
for  our  foreign  trade  that  each  piece  of 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 
Sole  Leather 

shall  live  up  to  its  high  standard.  The 
export  trade  demands  the  best — that  is 
why  our  foreign  shipments  are  so  large. 

KLiliicm,S€ib^Ca. 

TANNERS 
OF  REAL  LEATHER 

New  York         San  Francisco         Chicago 


am llimilllllllllMllimill minium Minimi iilliiiiiiililiiiliilliiiii imiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iMllllllllllll iiiimiiimiiimiimmimi mill llliiilll Minium I iiiiiiiiniiniin MiiiMimiimimi Mimniiiiliinimiiiiiiim_ 

a  ■ 

"World-Wide  *y\t      .  <     £>*   «.  „  ^      — —         *  ♦  /-*T  Agencies  In  All 

charterers    Htmipraal  S>lftpptttg  Sc  Sramng  (En*     p«»«™-  p°rts 

|  SHIPOWNERS,  SHIP  BROKERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS  ] 

=         IMPORTS 

Copra,  Vegetable  Oils,  Rice,  Peanute         MARINE  CARGO  SURVEYORS  AND  APPRAISERS 


Australian  Skins,  Gums,  Rubber 
Menthol,  Camphor,  Etc. 

EXPORTS 

Canned  Salmon,  Dyes,  Steel  and  Steel 
Products,  Paints,  Ducks  and  Sail  Clotk. 


HEAD  OFFICE:  ALASKA  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 
Branch  Office:  149  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 


Cable  Addresses:  "Usatco"  Seattle.    "Unshipstrad"  New  York 

3llUUUlUilMIIIIMMIIIIIIIMIinilllMIIIMIIIIIMIIMinMIMIIMIMIIIIinillllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIinillllMlinilMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII til  1 1  lit  I  till  I  III!  li  ItlllfllllllllllllllllllllllllUltllllini  tllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllll  tllllltlllllllllllltllljllllllllll  tlllllllllllllllillllMIKIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIttllltlllir) llS 


44 

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|     CHAS.    M.   PAGANINI  EDWARD   P.   BARRY     [ 

Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 

g  = 

San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 
Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast  1 
Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books 
Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


Pan    Pacific 

^miiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiimiimitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii imiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiimiiiimiiii iiiimiiiiiiimimiiiimmiiiii^ 

|  INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY  I 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


PRINTERS 
STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS  ! 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  'and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet  Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment 

Office   Furniture 

Loose  Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


^iiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMi'jMiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiniiniiiniiniiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiniiniiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiii?        aiiuimilMiiimiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiimiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiiiiuiiimiimiim iiiiiiimiiiiiiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiimiii3 


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SHOES 

MEN'S,  LADIES'  AND 
CHILDREN'S 

SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES 


also 
RU  BBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES 

on  hand  for  immediate  shipment 


|  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  | 

Shoes  Wholesale 

I  216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.   j 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Bentley  Code 

FiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinilliiiiniiiniiniiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMniiiniiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiij'r 


C.  HENRY  SMITH 

MAIN  OFFICE: 

I   311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.    ] 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT  AND   IMPORT 

All   Codei.     Code  Address:  CHENRYINC 

—  = 

^inliiltiiiiiii 1 1 1 1 1  ri  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  a  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  [  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 « j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  1 1  r  1 1  <  i  m  in  1 1 1 1 1  e  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r 1 1  e  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ■  1 1  m  ■  i .? 


i^ ■ - 1    ! ! :  '  1 1  r : '  1 1  - 1 1 1 1  - !  1 1 1 : 1 1 1  _  j : :  1 1 : :  1 1 : ' :  1 1 :  - :  1 1 :  ■ !  I !  ■ i  1 1 1  r  ■ !  I  r  1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 . 1 1 1  r  ^  I  i : .  1 1 1 M  J 1 1 ;  ■  1 1  r  J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : :  1 1 1 '  1 1 1  [ ;  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : 1 J 1 1  r  J 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  r  I  f  1 1  !  1 1 :  1 1 1  [  J 1 1  n  1 ;  ■  1 1 1  r :  1 1 1  r .  1 1 ; :  ■  1 1 ! !  1 1 1  r r :  1 1 1  r : 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1  r :  1 1 1 1  .■ :  i  r .  1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  !  1 1 :  f  1 1 1  : :  1 1 1  ■ :  1 1 : .  1 1 1 ! :  j  1 1 1 ;  ■ :  1 1 1  - 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1  [ !  j  1 1 H 1 1 1  r  ] ' 

Machinery    Broker     JOHN    C.  EPPERSON     Manufacturers  Agent 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT 

411   CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE  BLDG. 
Los  Angeles,  California. 

I  specialize  in  Industrial  Plants,  and  can  supply  complete  equipment  for  all  kinds  of  Construction  and  Manufacturing,  such  as 
Eock  Crushing,  Concrete  Mixing,  Drilling,  Pumping  and  Mining  Machinery,  Canneries,  Sugar,  Feed,  Flour  and  Knitting  Mills, 
etc.,  etc.    Your  correspondence  solicited  if  you  wish  to  buy  or  sell  Machinery. 

~ j  >  1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1  r  p ;  1 1 :  r  1 1 1 :   :  i :  ■  1 1 ; : ;  1 1 1 . 1 1 1  r  p  j  I F I  j  1 1 1 , 1 1  r  I  ij  I  [  i  i  u  ■  ■  J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1  [  1 1 1 1  s  d  I  n  1 ,  1 1 :  j  1 1 1  j  I k  j  1 1  r  l  1 1 1  r  i  i  1 1 1  <  j  1 1 1  j  1 1 1 ,  1 1 ;  : ;  i  < :  1 1 1 1 .  i  1 1 1 1  m  i .  1 1 1  - 1 1 1 1  - 1 1 1 . 1 1 1  ■  - 1 1 1 .  :  i ;  j !  i :  T  >  j  1 1 iiiiiiMliiililMiiMiliiMiiiiiiiiiiiiMliillllMllllllllllllllllllliliilliiHiiiiniluilllllllllllllllllillllllllillllllluilllililllllilllllllllillllillllllllllllir- 


December    19  19 


45 


'.'iiniiiiMiiiiniimiimiiinniiii miiiiiimiiiimiiiiiiiimniimiiilllllliiiiii imiiimiiliiiimimiimiiMiiimmiimiiliiiiiiiiiinlimiimimHi         i! iiiiiiimiliilimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiMlliiiliiiiiiiiiimiii iiimmiiimimiiimimimiimiiimimiimlimimiimiimiiiiiimiiimmiimi^ 


Whalen  Pulp  &  Paper  Mills,  Limited 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Exclusive  Manufacturers  of  the  following  well-known 
brands  of  Sulphite  Pulp 


SNOWHITE  BRAND,    Bleached  Sulphite 
GLACIER  BRAND 
CRYSTAL   BRAND 
SWAN  BRAND 
SAMSON  BRAND 


>  Easy  Bleaching  Sulphite 
Strong  Sulphite 


Made  under  the  most  modern  Mill  conditions  from  the 
famous  British  Columbia  Spruce 

Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs. 
95%  to  100%  air-dry. 


I  You  pay  a  Compliment 
—  not  a  Price 


MILL  CREEK  MILL 

Capacity 

80  tons 

Easy  Bleaching 

SWANSON  BAY  MILL          PORT  ALICE  MILL 

Capacity                                    Capacity 
40  tons                        80  tons  Bleached 
Strong                         and  Easy  Bleaching 

Head  Office: 

MERCHANTS  BANK  BUILDING 

Vancouver,  B. 

C. 

Canada 


jiiMiiiiiiniiiniiinMiiiiniiiiiiMiiiiniiiiiiiiinniiiiininiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiijiiiiiiin- 
^:  u  1 1 1  m  r :  i  ]  m  1 1  tt  n  1 1  m  i  u  r ]  r  r  1 1  t  1 1 1 1 1  e  1 1 1  m  i  rM  1 1  r  m  1 1  ]  r  p  p  1 1 1 1 1  r  f  c  m  i  j  i  e  1 1  u  m  1 1  n  1 1 1 1  r  c  1 1 1  n  1 1 1  n  1 1 1 1 1 1  in  m  i  it  m  rn  i  m  ?  ii  i  n  m  i  r  ( 1 1  t  f  r  1 1 1 1  n  t  1 1 1  f  i  m  !  n  1 1  n  1 1  n  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  rn  i^£ 


S     Cable  address 
=        Llewellyn 
=      I/>8  Angeles 


Code  Used 
ABO 
5th  Edition 


IRON  WORKS 


C/5 

O 

g 

3 

eel 

o 

to 

> 

< 


CARGO 
and 

CHAIN 
WENCHES 


LOS   ANGELES    CAL. 

TANKS 


t/5 

z 

I— I 

H 

< 

J 

w 

H 
c/5 


ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

INGOTS,  BILLETS,  BARS,  SHAPES 

STRUCTURAL  STEEL  FABRICATORS 

limimiimmuimiiimiMlilllllimiiymimimimiiimiminii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiinimiiiiiiiitiiithiimiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiimiiiiiiiiiik 


when 


Gift  Chocolates  are  Purchased  | 


Tastes — like  knowledge — are  acquired  by  edu-  j 
cation. 

Scores  of  people  choose  QTJINBY'S  California  | 
Chocolate  Shop  Chocolates  as  Gift  Chocolates  for  j 
the  same  reason  that  they  eat  these  Chocolates  j 
themselves.    The  price  never  occurs  to  them. 

Packed  in  handsome,  yet  inexpensive,  handy  \ 
boxes  of  genuine  California  Redwood. 

Extra  thick  chocolate  coatings. 


SPECIALLY  PREPARED  AND  PACKED 
FOR  EXPORT 

REPRESENTATION  DESIRED  WHERE  NOT  ALREADY 
ESTABLISHED 


217 

W.  SIXTH 
STREET 


California 

i  hocoLftTE  Shop  Qiocolate* 


LOS 

ANGELES 

CAL. 


Correspondence  in  All  Languages 

All  Codes  Used 

Cable  Address  "Quinbys,"  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

fiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiiiimiimiiiiiiiin u iiimiiii mm miimiimiimiiimiimimiiimimiimiimii 


46 


Pan  Pacific 


'jiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiMiiiiiiimiiti i Miiiiiiiini iiiiiiiimiii iiimin aiiiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiiiniiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiim iimniiiiimiinnninnnninmiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii i inn mm Hints 


JENSEN      THERMOSTAT 


PROLONGS     LITE 
Or     ENGINE 


317  W.  Pico  Street 


It  automatically  supplies  proper  amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen 
to  make  perfect  combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  overheating 

INCREASES  MILEAGE  AND  POWER-GIVES  SPEED  AND  SNAP 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Foreign  Countries 

Samples,  Literature   and   Prices   Sent  on   Request    to  Responsible  Concerns 

HALBURN  COMPANY 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


T.iiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiii'iiiiiiiniiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii > iiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiHiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiillliiniiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmimiimi in 

^iliuiiimiiMlimmiliiililiimiiimiiiimiimmiimilliiliimmillllliiiimimmmiiiiimiimii^ 


Opel) 

Folding  Portable  Gasoline  Camp  Stoves, 
made  of  24  gauge  steel,  black  enamel. 
No  soot,  smoke  or  odor — will  not  blow 
out.  Works  under  air  pressure. 
Send  for  literature.  Foreign  represen- 
tation desired. 


Harry  M.  Waterman 

1311  S.  Figueroa  Street 

Los  Angeles 


Closed 


MILLER 

CARBURETOR 


Mosl  ('.(impact  and, Efficient 
Carburetor  Made 

Fewer  Parts— Absolutely  Automatic 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Parts  of  the  World 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


NITROLENE 

|  A  lubricating  Oil  of  the  Highest  Qual- 

|  ity.     Specially  blended  and  made  in  all 

I  weights.     Increases  Compression  —  Re- 

1  duces  Friction  —  Lessens  Carbon. 


|    800   to   1000   Miles   frequently   obtained 
|    on  one  gallon  of  Nitrolene. 


|    Furnished     in     15    to    50    gallon     Steel 
|    Drums. 

|    Special   attention  to  export    orders. 


Foreign    Agencies    Desired 
Correspondence    in    all    Languages 


NITROLENE  OIL  CO.,  Inc. 

LOS  ANGELES,   CALIF.,   U.  S.  A. 


TiiiiiiiiiiniimiiiHiiimimiimmiimuMimiiiM'iiii iiinn iiiiiimiuiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiHn       *.»iiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitfiiiuiiiiiiiitii:iiiiiniiiiiiniiiiiiiiiJiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiui,-         ^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiirT1 

^iiitMi.iiMniiitfjrtriMMiiiMJMiJiiiMiMiiMiirtJEiiiiiiriJiMiiiMJitriMfiiirMiriijriijriinriiiiriiiFiMiiiifiiiuiiiiiiifiMiUMiiiiiirMiiiiiEiriiiitiJiiinriMiMiui^         C^jiiif  inr^Fii  jiiiii  miff  turr  nrf  riifxiii  j-rnr>jiiif  iiirmi  j  ■iiirpiifiiiiriiiftiiiitMrtiuiJiiiitiiiitiiitiiit*iii*riiiiiiitriiitiiiifiiii>jiiiffiiiiTiEijffii»rifiitifiir«iiii*i^A 


Angelus  Tire  Covers  I 

High   class   perfect  fitting  covers  | 

parked  in  neat  attractive  cartons  = 

which  give  absolute  satisfaction  § 
to  the  user. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  letter-  | 

ing  same,  making  them  specially  | 

adapted  for  advertising  purposes.  | 

We    also    manufacture    a    com-  | 

plete  line  of  Auto  comfy  cushions.  1 

Parker  &  Waterman    I 

1203-05  West  Washington  St.        | 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

5limilllimillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliiimiiliilliiiiiiiimimimimi iimiimmiiiiiimiiiiiiniiiiimmiiiiiiminmmiimiiimiiiiiimiimiiimn 

^■ittiiliMiriiiltii  iiriliiiiitilili  liiir  M  iiijlit  iMiiliir  imiiii  irr  iiif  rriiiiiir  [ill]  ti  iitiiMlllirilil  imiiii  iitlin;  inir  in  iiinn  nrililir  iru  tnu  r  nir  in  i  mi  1 1  mm  inir I  >  I M 1 1 1 1  ii  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  ir  f  I  r  j  1 1 1 1 1  m  r  rT  1 1 1  it  1 1  ir  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  rt  1 1 1 1  r  f  M  ri  p  1 1 1 1<  ■  r)  M  tir  j  f  I !  r  m  1 1  r  f  ■  1 1  r  p  r  i  t  1 1 1  r<  m  1 1  r  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  t  p  1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1  >  r  1 1 1  r  r  1 1 1  ir  1 1 1  it  im  1 1 1 1  m  >r  I  ll  1 1 J 1 1  It  I  ll  I  ir  j  nil  1 1  r-_3 


BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  | 

Cup,   Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL   INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 

715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    j 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
I     SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.  Luna  Blnondo,  Manila,     = 
P.   I.— P.   M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,   N.  S.   W.— 
P.   LAFARGUE,  Casllla  308,   Valparaiso,  Chile 

^iiiiiliiiuiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinMiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiimiiiiiHiiitiiiiiil 


Cable  Address 

"MARZOOK" 

COLOMBO 


C.  M.  Mohamed  Hassan 


P.  O.  BOX 

278 


EXPORT— All  Ceylon  Produce 


103  MAIN  STREET 


COLOMBO 


IMPORT— All  Manufactured  Articles 


Correspondence  Solicited  First  Class  Reference  Given 

jmiiiiiiiimimii miimiMiimiiMimiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiiimiiimmimiimiiii iiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiinii m i n mm Hiimimmum i m iminn '""rii'tM')r/i"VNU/i)'<<Jii>""""J"" ' """"It """"" IN""" '" 


December    19  19 


47 


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48 


Pan   Pacific 


-•mimiimiimmiiminiiimmiiMiiimiimmiimiimimiimimiimimiiiiiimiimmiiimimiimmiiiimmiiimimimmmmiimiiimimiummi^ 

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.'iimiiiiimiMiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiniinmiiiiJiiimiiiiiiiniiiiiiMim 

|  NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA  j 

(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head   Office,  Tokyo 


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S.  S.  Katorl  Maru 19,200  tons 

S.   S.  Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

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tickets,   berth    reservation,   etc., 


Colman  Building 
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Equitable  Bldg. 
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KmililiiiNiiiliiiniiiiina 


D 


ber    19  19 


49 


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-I      DECEMBER,  1919       l^TT^T^TT^T^^T^  ♦•*-.- 


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friimiiiiHiiitiiiitiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiMii,^ 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

B.  A.  McKelvie  Vancouver,  B.   C. 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  .India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.   Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC    CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618   Mission    Street,   San    Francisco 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

The  Pacific  Coast;  That's  All;  But  It's  Enough  Guy  Manners  51 

Some  Plain  Truths  for  American  Exporters  Thomas  Fox  53 

Give  Us  Ship  Service  or  Lose  Philippines  Trade  J.  J.  Rafferty  58 

Let  the  Only  Intervention  Be  That  of  Making  Friends Lazaro  Basch  62 

Must  Answer  Three  Questions  to  Win  Chinese  Trade  Ralph  Dawson  6U 

Hands  Off  the  Australian  Pacific,  Monroe  Doctrine  of  Far  South 

, William  Morris  Hughes  65 


Some  Features  of  January  Pan  Pacific: 
■  Latin-American  Trade  Survey. 
Australasian  Trade  Survey. 
Text  Book  on  Trade  with  Mexico. 
Plan  for  an  American  Foreign  Trade  Exposition  Ship. 
Pacific  Coast  Opportunities  in  South  Africa. 
Trade  Opportunities  in  Orient  and  Far  East. 


riiiiiiiimiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiniiiniiiniiiiiiimiiiniiiniiiii 


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50  Pan    Pacific 

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I  *"*  Ocean    Transport    G>., wd. 

1  (   TAIYO    KAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA  ) 

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=jiliitiniitiiiiti>taitiiiiitiillllllllltlllltlli(lllltlllllJllIlMi<UJlllllllilillflllitliiil!iii)iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii  rFiiitiiimiiitiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 1 1  n  i  j  >  1 1 !  1 1 1 1  ]  1 1 1 1  >  r  1 1  <  1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  >  j  1 1  >  i  j  e  1 1 1  r  1 1  ]  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  >  n  1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1  j  1 1  n  1 1 1  ]  j  i  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1  <  1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1  ti  1 1 11 1 1 1  >ti  1 1 1 1  ij  1 1  iiji  itn  1 1  uti  1 1  mi  i  in  1 1 


December     19  19 


51 


The  Pacific  Coast;  That's  All! 

But   It'S   EnOUgh! -Says  Guy  Manners 


ri  ^  O  BE  or  not  to  be  ?  There  is  the 
-*-  '  question.  Whether  'tis  better  to  take 
arms  against  a  sea  of  troubles  and  by  ex- 
pressing, end  them?"  Or  commit  suicide; 
enter  into  the  everlasting  sleep,  and  dream 
throughout  the  ages  of  immortality,  of  de- 
feats sustained  in  this  vale  of  non-accom- 
plishment. 

I  am  entering  into  a  new  field  of  litera- 
ture, leaving  behind  me  Conan  Doyle,  Oli- 
ver Lodge,  and  those  who  are  responsible 
for  the  phenomenas  of  Psychical  Research. 
What  the  dead  are  accomplishing  has  but 
little  to  offer  to  those  who  are  living.  What 
the  living  may  do?  is  the  great  big  ques- 
tion confronting  us  today. 

I  wish  to  advance  beyond  the  accepted 
literature  of  fiction  which  has  been  for  years 
eating  into  our  intellect,  robbing  us  of  crea- 
tive thought,  making  of  our  mentality  a  weak 
receptacle  for  that  other  mass  of  Weighty  ma- 
terial, facts!  Just  plain,  common  sense, 
sober  facts! 

For  years  we  have  drugged  ourselves 
upon  the  frothy  liquid  of  imaginary  philos- 
ophy dripping  from  the  pen  points  of  so- 
phisticated literateurs  who  have  strewn  upon 
an  ocean  of  ink  a  million  derelicts  of  ab- 
sorbing but  useless  effort. 

How  far  may  I  hope  to  carry  my  readers 
into  my  new  field  of  literature? — a  litera- 
ture of  the  present,  of  today,  of  now!  A 
literature  of  the  truth,  harsh  and  crude  per- 
haps, but  a  literature  devoid  of  sham,  of 
sophistry,  of  false  economy,  of  an  insulting 
appeal  to  human  intelligence. 

If  there  is  any  honesty  in  this  philosophy 
I  pray  you  accept  it  as  an  introduction  to 
the  new  field  of  human  endeavor  which 
must  have  its  inception  upon  the  Pacific 
Coast. 

There  must  be  new  truths  born  in  the 
west;  truths  of  more  importance  than  Loch- 
invars,  of  Ramonas,  of  Scenic  Scenarios,  of 
Dustin  Farnum's,  Douglas  Fairbanks',  Mt. 
Rainiers,  Yosemite  Valleys,  Sunlighled 
Colden  Cates,  snow-tipped  mountain  peaks, 
moon-kissed  lakes  of  molten  silver.  The 
west  has  all  of  that  in  abundance  but  the 
west  has  also  something  of  much  more  hu- 
man value. 

The  finger  of  a  greater  destiny  has  long 
been  pointed  at  the  Pacific  Coast. 


GUY    MANNERS 

Time  after  lime  that  finger  has  wavered; 
time  after  time  the  greater  destiny  has  all 
but  ceased  to  cast  a  prophetic  shadow  upon 
a  country  given  over  to  master  dreamers  who 
see  but  little  beyond  the  vision  of  a  horizon 
of  marvelous  beauty,  who  recognize  naught 
but  the  soul  sense  of  an  empire  which  should 
be  the  supreme  masterpiece  of  creative  de- 
velopment and  productive   Wealth. 

The  Pacific  Coast  has  for  too  long  a  pe- 
riod been  a  National  Playground;  Spartan- 
like We  must  become  iconoclastic  in  a  su- 
preme endeavor  to  create  the  new  idol,  and 
mal(e  of  that  National  Playground  a  mam- 
moth National    Workshop. 

The  world  needs  it,  and  the  Pacific  Coast 
needs  it. 

At  whose  door  lies  the  chief  blame  for 
the  Pacific  Coast's  lack  °f  superior  develop- 
ment? I  have  listened  to  more  than  a 
thousand  men  tell  their  versions  of  the  tale 
of  non-accomplishment  and  of  non-develop- 
ment. 

Their  odyssey  is  of  heart-breaking  char- 
acter,  as  they  visualize  the   lack   °f  human 


harmony,  the  absence  of  co-operation,  the 
fear  of  present  and  future  investment,  the 
almost  total  disregard  of  their  subsoil  prod- 
ucts. They  show  an  almost  contemptible 
lack  °f  faith  in  themselves  and  an  absolute 
lack  of  faith  in  their  business  neighbor. 
They  dare  not  trust  either  their  mental  judg- 
ment or  their  money  in  the  purely  legitimate 
scheme  of  manufacturing  their  known  prod- 
ucts into  commodities  for  universal  usage. 

They  cry  for  ships!  when  they  have  com- 
paratively nothing  in  the  shape  of  a  cargo 
to  load  those  ships  with.  The  dawn  of  a 
new  World's  Trade  dispensation  finds  them 
still  snugly  wrapped  between  the  sheets  of 
past  accomplishment. 

One  cannot  drive  a  chariot  of  trade  be- 
yond the  open  gates  of  an  overseas  empire 
and  impress  the  people  of  that  empire  with 
his  commercial  importance  unless  the  chariot 
contains  a  full  display  of  goods  worth  trad- 
ing for.  The  day  of  the  jimcrack  has 
passed.  The  world  wants  steel  and  iron, 
food,  boots  and  clothing,  articles  made  from 
copper,  nickel,  wood,  wool,  cotton,  silk, 
hemp  and  flax. 

The  big  world  outside  of  the  United 
States  is  not  in  quest  of  amusement,  enter- 
tainment, phonographs,  moving  pictures,  nov- 
elties, confections,  ribbons  or  passionate  col- 
ored half  hose. 

It  needs  food,  raiment,  tools,  steel  rails, 
locomotive  engines,  saws,  hammers,  nails, 
rough  corduroy  breeches,  hob-nailed  brogan 
shoes. 

The  outside  world  of  The  British  Isles 
and  Europe  must  go  to  work-  So  must  the 
Orient.  So  must  Russia,  Siberia,  the  Dutch 
East  Indies,  all  of  Mexico,  Central  and 
South  America,  Australia,  New  Zealand 
and  Africa.  And  in  going  to  work  ''  must 
call  upon  the  United  States  for  help — not 
the  help  of  charity,  mind  you,  but  the  help 
for  which  they  expect  to  pay  from  the 
products  of  their  own  arrested  or  heretofore 
undeveloped  resources. 

And  what  has  the  Pacific  Coast  to  offer? 
Chiefly  food — that's  all! 

The  very  prices  which  the  United  States 
is  charging  the  world  for  foodstuffs  will  of 
a  necessity  compel  the  world  to  intensify  the 
growth  of  its  own.  Two  or  three  years 
hence  our  own  national  larders  will  be 
empty,  our  own  easily  gotten  gold  will  flow 


52 


Pan   Pacific 


To  Break  Away  From  the  Domination  of  the  East 


away  from  our  shores  and  we  n>i/Z  be  a 
debtor  nation   instead   of  a   creditor. 

The  United  States  is  not  considered  a 
first-class  competitor.  Why?  Prices  are  too 
high,  prices  in  everything. 

As  an  agricultural  country  with  dollar 
wheat  Europe  consumed  our  foodstuffs. 
That  was  before  the  War  when  the  great 
population  of  Europe  had  no  true  incentive 
to  produce  full  capacity  crops  upon  the  land 
owned  by  nobility.  But  Europe  is  busily 
engaged  in  evolving  new  economical  stand- 
ards, standards  based  upon  the  value  of 
heretofore  untitled  soil,  of  private  owner- 
ship of  land  by  the  masses.  Europe  will 
not  need  to  pay  two  dollars  for  wheat  three 
years  hence. 

If  the  Pacific  Coast  and  the  Inland  Em- 
pire back  of  it — that  wonderfully  productive 
stretch  of  soil  tributary  to  the  Pacific  Coast 
— would  continue  to  be  food  purveyor  to 
a  great  portion  of  the  world  her  economical 
geniuses  must  get  down  to  brass  tacks  in 
anticipation  of  an  era  of  world-wide  produc- 
tion and  world-wide  competition. 

A  dollar  saved  is  not  a  dollar  earned! 
The  mere  saving  of  money,  hoarding  it, 
putting  it,  or  its  value,  away  from  its  con- 
tact point  of  future  production  is  a  species 
of  short-sighted  miserliness.  Money  put  into 
proper  circulation  becomes  a  medium  for 
future  individual  or  collective  wealth. 

Actual  currency  is  bursting  the  bank 
vaults  of  the  money  depositories  in  the  sev- 
eral highly  productive  fruit  and  agricultural 
valleys  throughout  California;  only  a  com- 
paratively small  amount  of  money  will  go 
back  into  the  soil;  millions  will  be  spent  in 
automobiles,  household  decorations,  high- 
priced  coats  and  shoes  for  women.  The 
people  in  those  valleys  will  go  upon  a 
jamboree  of  useless  extravagance,  seven 
kinds  of  prices  will  be  charged  them  for 
every  out-of-the-ordinary  purchase  they 
make. 

If  the  farmers,  orchardists  and  fruit  grow- 
ers all  over  the  Pacific  Coast  would  study 
the  situation  carefully  they  might  arrive  at 
this  conclusion,  i.  e..  Why  not  finance  a 
smoke  stack  or  two?  Why  not  get  back 
of  the  one  big  thing  so  sadly  needed  on 
this  Coast — a  mammoth  Steel  Plant? 

Distribute  one  hundred  big  manufactur- 
ing plants  from  Bellingham  to  San  Diego, 
and  the  Pacific  Coast  will  put  the  East 
and  middle  west  in  a  position  of  fawning 
friendliness  to  this  western  country.  As  it 
is  the  east  simply  gives  the  Pacific  Coast 
the  equine  simper! 

I  defy  any  man  of  genuine  brains,  who 
considers  himself  loyal  to  any  of  these 
coast  states  to  find  fault  with  my  logic.  It 
is  not  a  logic  born  of  ego,  but  a  logic  based 
upon  many  weary  days  of  patient  research; 
of  absolutely  unaided  research  engaged  in 
at  the  expense  of  sneers,  rebuffs,  with  lacl( 
of  co-operation,  absolutely  not  a  penny  of 
other  people's  money  and  an  almost  unwill- 
ingness upon  the  part  of  the  press  to  give 
an  inch  of  space  to  the  most  intensely  in- 
teresting  subject    Worth    being    discussed,    a 


subject  of  more  infinite  value  than  city  or 
state  politics,  of  more  mammoth  propor- 
tions than  even  the  League  of  Nations,  a 
subject  that  when  once  properly  visualized 
will  engage  the  thinking  minds  of  every 
man  within  this  broad  western  domain,  and 
that  subject  is: 

How  to  break  away  from  the  finan- 
cial     manufacturing,     commercial    and 

transportation  dominance  of  the  east? 

It  is  agreed  thai  the  West  can  feed  itself; 
from  that  point  of  physical  economy  it  is 
superbly  independent  of  the  east  and  the 
middle  West. 

Thirty  years  ago  there  were  from  twenty- 
five  to  thirty  big  shoe  factories  in  San  Fran- 
cisco; today  there  are  but  three. 

Thirty  years  ago  there  Were  a  score  of 
furniture  factories  in  San  Francisco;  today 
there  are  three  or  four. 

Where  did  they  go?  They  slipped  back 
into  the  rock-bound  New  England  states, 
where  women  and  children  worked  by  the 
hundreds  of  thousands,  where  every  fourtn 
man  was  a  foreigner,  where  wages  were  re- 
duced to  an  absolute  minimum.  Ah!  but 
that  is  another  story  of  economical  condi- 
tions, a  vicious  economy  that  need  not  be 
discussed  in  this  article. 

Some  years  ago  a  major  operation  was 
performed  upon  the  physical  anatomy  which 
held  together  what  is  now  the  separate 
continents  of  North  and  South  America.  A 
narrow  gut  of  water  has  joined  the  two  dis- 
tinct bodies  of  salt  seas.  'Twos  the  mar- 
riage of  practically  two  oceans,  the  Atlantic 
and  the  Pacific. 

By  the  use  of  that  narrow  gut  of  water 
New  York  City  sits  back  with  head  and 
shoulders  in  Manhattan,  trunk  and  Jimbs  in 
the  Bronx,  a  sort  of  a  human  cocktail  grown 
intoxicated  with  her  wealth,  a  great  portion 
of  which  is  hers  by  two  sorts  of  conquest — 
political  and  financial — and  that  conquest 
has  been  made  possible  by  the  total  lack  °J 
interest  upon  that  part  of  the  United  States 
known  as  the  Pacific  Coast. 

I  know  of  only  one  other  fighting  man 
in  San  Francisco,  red-blooded  enough  to 
wage  war  for  the  trade  which  belongs  to 
California.  I  read  his  daily  articles  with 
keenest  interest.  Once  in  a  while  we  meet, 
when  we  do  we  go  over  the  topics  which 
mean  something.  Neither  he  nor  I  care  a 
rap  for  society.  He,  more  than  I,  has  a 
grasp  upon  the  trade  and  commercial  pulse 
of  San  Francisco,  but  we  both  agree — Mr. 
Cerrie  and  I — that  San  Francisco  and  the 
whole  Pacific  Coast  has  been  discriminated 
against  in  ways  that  are  many  and  unfalh- 
omly  dark- 

Is  the  clever  worldly  knowledge  of  the 
east  more  than  a  match  for  the  vaunted 
virile  strength  of  the  west?  Is  there  a  pecu- 
liar advantage  in  the  geography  of  the  east 
upon  which  the  west  can  make  no  impres- 
sion? What  are  the  advantages  of  being 
more  east  than  west? 

Well,  Til  tell  you. 

It  is  not  so  much  the  money,  nor  the 
actual  geography,  nor  the  cleverness. 


It  is  the  everlasting  eastern  schooling.  They 
make  their  money  first,  then  create  their  so- 
ciety. They  make  more  money  secondly, 
then  they  carry  their  social  hallmark  over 
into  the  courts  of  Europe. 

Truly,  my  dear  westerner,  the  east  docs 
not  care  a  rap  how  it  dirties  its  face  or 
hands,  how  soiled  becomes  its  linen,  how 
beastly  black  and  grimy  are  its  brown 
stone  fronts;  it  is  out  for  the  money,  and 
it  takes  more  than  a  gambler's  chance  to 
gel  it. 

There  is  nothing  too  insignificant  to  an 
easterner.  He  invests,  creates,  investigates, 
r.  orks  at  anything  and  eveiy'hing  from 
chewing  gum  to  railroads.  He  shoves  and 
jostles,  pushes  and  crowds,  reaches  for  and 
grabs  at  anything  from  a  perambulator  to 
an  ex-Kaiser's  crown — thorns  and  all.  Once 
grabbed,  he  absolutely  turns  nothing  loose. 

Talk  about  the  freedom  of  the  seas!  If 
the  east  succeeds  in  getting  the  overseas 
trade  of  the  Pacific,  San  Francisco  will  have 
to  get  New  York  City's  permission  to  ply 
ferry  boats  across  the  bay  to  Oakland! 

Very  impassionately  does  Cerrie  write 
concerning  the  natural  advantages  of  this 
Coast  and  its  problems.  Thousands  of  peo- 
ple agree  with  Gerrie,  but  so  far  scarcely 
a  baker's  dozen  have  signified  their  desire 
to  co-operate  with  him  who  champions  their 
business  cause.  And  so  it  goes  down  the 
entire   line. 

I  will  agree  thai  national  events  of  great 
outstanding  character  should  concern  all 
peoples  more  than  those  of  a  purely  local 
character,  but  I  contend  that  the  develop- 
ment of  the  natural  resources  of  Montana, 
Utah,  Idaho,  Arizona,  Washington,  Ore- 
gon and  California  should  now — since  the 
war  is  over — be  the  predominating  subject 
of  Pacific  Coast  developers. 

Now  is  the  time!  Tomorrow  only  flirts 
with  several  tomorrows,  and  as  several  to- 
morrows stalk  down  the  line  of  time  they 
become  hoary  with  the  frost  of  broken 
hopes. 

One-half  of  the  world's  population  lies 
in  an  unbroken  line  of  Water  travel  just 
over  the  horizon  from  Seattle,  Portland, 
Bellingham,  San  Francisco  and  Los  An- 
geles. Behind  these  Pacific  ports  lie  an 
Inland  Empire  of  incalculable  riches,  for- 
ests, wheat  fields,  cattle  ranches,  coal,  iron, 
copper,  gold  and  silver  mines. 

Can  the  east,  or  the  south,  or  the  middle 
west,  match  such  an  array  of  natural  re- 
source? They  cannot!  Oregon  apples  and 
Washington  apples,  do  they  grow  them  any 
better  in  the  east?     They  do  not! 

Every  known  fruit  almost  under  the  sun 
that  is  nourishing,  palatable,  highly  prolific, 
weight  down  the  trees  in  California.  Na- 
ture has  poured  into  the  laps  of  people  here 
in  the  Wonderful,  big,  outdoor  Golden  West 
a  veritable  flood  of  top  soil  products,  and 
there  lies  beneath  the  upper  crust  of  soil  bil- 
lions of  tons  of  fuel  and  ore  awaiting  the 
magic  touch  of  an  awakening  power! 

Who  will  be  the  men  to  personify  that 
power?     A  politician?     Not  on  your  life! 


December    19  19 


53 


Is  the  Great  Problem  Confronting  Pacific  Coast 


A  literary  critic?  Never!  A  military)  or 
naval  genius?  Hardly!  An  author,  musi- 
cian, lawyer,  doctor,  editor,  society  favorite, 
complacent  clubman?  None  of  these  have 
time,  ambition  or  imagination  of  sufficiently 
pronounced  practical  character  to  break 
open  the  top  crust  and  expose  the  hidden 
ores,   metals  and  fuels. 

I  talked  with  a  man  who  held  oppor- 
tunity between  his  thumb  and  forefinger. 
He  was  the  editor  of  a  big  metropolitan  pa- 
per. He  looked  serious,  he  talked  serious, 
he  acted  like  a  serious  man  of  parts.  Pre- 
vious to  his  becoming  editor  the  paper  was 
a  losing  proposition.  He  commenced  his 
work  quietly,  gravely,  and  in  a  most  schol- 
arly fashion. 

Almost  at  once  the  paper  came  back  into 
general  favor,  his  editorials  had  turned  the 
trick-  This  man  knew  his  city,  his  state, 
its  resources,  its  possibilities.  He  wrote 
about  them.  Then  came  the  inevitable. 
He  switched  from  the  topics  that  had 
aroused  universal  attention.  He  dipped  his 
pen  into  vitriolic  inl(.  He  and  his  paper 
broke  into  partisan  politics.  At  the  cost 
of  what? 


I  Watched  this  man  grow  old  in  a  month. 
I  heard  the  paper  cursed,  also  the  editor, 
and  publisher.  Had  they  all  three  stood 
fast  and  played  the  sweeter  game  of  city  and 
state  super-development  they  would  have 
been  a  ten  times  winner. 

But  they  tossed  the  truly  big  issues  to  one 
side.  They  had  no  room  in  the  columns 
of  their  paper  for  such  a  common  topic  as 
development,  production,  discovery,  indus- 
try, agriculture,  dairying,  overseas  markets, 
cargo  ships,  port  terminals.  This  editor 
calmly  told  me  one  day  thai  such  subjects 
were  not  news  items,  but  thousands  of  peo- 
ple hailed  him  with  delight  when  he  com- 
menced his  editorship  by  treating  such  sub- 
jects as  live  news  items  of  an  editorial  char- 
acter. As  a  writer  upon  international  af- 
fairs he  is  scarcely  if  ever  read.  Hie  jacet 
my  editor. 

The  press  must  come  forward,  it  must 
materially  assist  in  an  educational  campaign 
of  Pacific  Coast  development.'  It  must  help 
wage  the  fight  for  steel  plants,  cotton  and 
woolen  mills,  glove  factories,  hosiery  and 
underwear  factories,  automobile  plants,  flour 


mills,  more  canneries,  the  opening  of  coal 
mines,  the  operation  of  coke  furnaces,  and 
the  thousand  and  one  other  industries  which 
if  engaged  in  will  make  of  this  Coast  the 
genuine  arbiter  of  its  own  destiny.  And 
this  is  my  new  literature.  The  live  vibrant 
sort  of  reading  that  speaks  of  the  things 
thai  should  and  can  be  done. 

Rather  crude  you  say? 

Well,  I  agree  with  you. 

But  let  us  start  a  new  school,  honest  in 
its  endeavor,  western  in  its  style,  full  of  the 
glory  of  Now,  with  hope  in  a  Future. 

After  we  have  soiled  our  hands  with 
the  grime  of  a  thousand  factories,  after 
our  beautiful  skies  are  blackened  a  trifle 
with  the  smoke  of  some  thousand  stacks; 
after  manufacture  joins  forces  with  mining, 
forestry,  husbandry  and  agriculture,  then 
We  can  do  as  the  clever  easterner  does:  wash 
up  a  bit,  look  hypocritically  innocent — and 
say — 

"Ah!  dash  it,  who  said  trade?" 

Let's  Work  it  out — Pacific  Coast,  that's 
all! 


Straight  Talk  From  the  Far  East 
for  American  Exporters-By  Thomas  fox 


AS  a  basis  to  work  from  we  will 
agree  that  the  manufacturer  has 
decided  to  engage  in  foreign  trade. 
The  first  question,  then,  is  how 
is  he  going  to  make  a  start? 
Should  he  establish  a  branch  in  the 
territory  in  which  he  has  decided  to 
operate?  Should  he  merely  appoint 
an  agent?  Or  should  he  send  out  a 
representative  to  cover  the  ground? 
Or  should  he  enter  into  an  arrange- 
ment with  a  commission  house  in  Amer- 
ica to  handle  his  goods  in  the  territory  ? 
These  are  the  four  main  methods, 
and  the  manufacturer  lias  to  weigh 
their  respective  advantages  up  care- 
fully before  he  can  satisfy  himself  as 
to  which  will  be  the  most  suitable. 
Tremendous  importance  is  attached  to 
the  method,  for  if  mistakes  are  made 
at  the  start,  for  years  the  business 
will  be  handicapped,  if  the  manufac- 
turer before  then  has  not  withdrawn 
from  the  foreign  field  altogether  in 
sheer  disgust. 

Foreign  Branch  House 
May  Be  Soundest  Policy 
Let  us  examinee  the  four  methods 
mentioned.  Should  the  manufacturer 
establish  a  branch  in  the  territory? 
Personally,  I  think  that  this  is  the 
soundest  policy,  always  provided  that 
the  manufacturer  is  to  enter  seriously 
into  the  foreign  field.     It  is  the  most 


expensive  method,  but  in  the  long  run 
it  is  the  most  profitable.  But  before 
a  manufacturer  is  justified  in  follow- 
ing it  he  has  to  be  clear  on  many  things. 
It  would  be  the  height  of  recklessness 
for  him  to  declare,  "I  think  this  is  a 
good  territory  to  invade;  we  will  open 
a  branch  there." 

We  will  assume  that  he  is  coming 
into  the  East,  excluding  Russia  and 
Siberia.  Is  he  to  open  in  Japan, 
Manila,  Shanghai,  Hongkong,  Singa- 
pore, Java,  Sumatra,  British  India, 
Colombo,  or  Bangkok?  What  does  he 
knowT  of  these  places?  Of  the  lot 
Japan  lies  nearest  to  America,  and 
with  conditions  there  he  may  be  more 
familiar  than  with  conditions  in  the 
other  centers.  Therefore,  he  may  con- 
sider that  Japan  is  the  most  suitable 
territory  for  his  branch.  Of  China 
he  also  has  information,  but  it  is  gen- 
eral, and  'whether  Shanghai  or  Hong- 
kong would  be  the  most  favorable 
center  he  cannot  say. 

It  may  be  that  Singapore,  Bangkok, 
Java  and  Sumatra  are  but  names,  con- 
veying little  to  his  mind.  How  often 
have  I  seen  Singapore  placed  in  Brit- 
ish India,  and  hardly  less  frequently 
have  I  found  it  regarded  not  as  a  city 
but  as  a  country.  Several  letters  I 
have  received  addressed  to  "Singa- 
pore,   South    America."      Now,    geog- 


raphy is  a  dry  affair  unless  you  have 
some  tangible  reason  to  be  interested 
in  it.  How  many  of  us  here,  for  in- 
stance, are  geographically  perfect  re- 
garding the  South  American  States. 

The  man  living  in  a  country  can  be 
exceedingly  wise  when  it  comes  to 
the  question  of  the  geography  of  that 
country.  Therefore,  I  am  not  attempt- 
ing to  prove  that  American  manufac- 
turers, on  the  whole,  are  lamentably 
ignorant  of  geography.  I  merely  wish 
to  point  out,  if  I  may,  that  when  a 
manufacturer  decides  to  operate  com- 
mercially in  the  East  he  should  ac- 
quaint himself  with  the  different  coun- 
tries in  the  East,  along  with  their 
chief  centers,  and  as  far  as  possible 
learn  the  extent  and  the  nature  of 
their  trade.  Unless  he  does  this  he 
will  run  a  tremendous  risk,  and  cer- 
tainly will  not  be  taking  the  question 
of  foreign  trade  seriously. 

Must    Consider    Claims 
of    Different    Countries 

Therefore,  before  he  can  open  a 
branch  he  must  carefully  consider  the 
claims  of  the  different  countries  in 
the  East.  The  best  way  to  do  this  is 
to  send  a  trusted  representative  whose 
mission  will  be  not  to  book  orders, 
but  to  quietly  investigate  the  condi- 
tions of  the  different  countries  through 
which  he  passes,  to  find  out  the  extent 


54 


Pan    Pacific 


Thomas  Fox  Gives  Trade  Survey  of  Far  East 


of  their  imports  and  exports,  study 
the  question  of  tariffs,  their  politics, 
their  ports,  their  principal  towns,  their 
railways,  their  business  terms,  etc. 

Such  a  tour  would  take  probably 
six  to  eight  months  if  the  work  is  to 
be  conscientiously  and  carefully  car- 
ried out,  and  a  good  sum  of  money 
would  have  to  be  spent.  But  it  would 
be  money  well  invested.  The  repre- 
sentative would  return  to  America 
with  his  data,  and  the  manufacturer 
would  then  be  in  a  position  to  give 
intelligent  consideration  to  the  claims 
of  the  different  centers. 

Primary  Consideration 
Should  Be  Central  Port 
If  he  is  to  operate  in  scattered  ter- 
ritories, such  as  are  to  be  found  in  the 
East,  the  primary  consideration  is  a 
central  port.  Yokohama  is  a  suitable 
port  for  Japan.  On  the  voyage  from 
America  it  is  the  first  port  touched. 
But  for  the  Straits  Settlements,  Java, 
Sumatra,  Siam  and  British  India,  it 
is  not  well  placed.  At  the  present 
moment  it  often  happens  that  goods 
for  the  Straits  and  the  Dutch  Islands 
have  to  be  transhipped  at  either  Yoko- 
hama or  Kobe,  but  candidly  the  people 
here  do  not  like  this.  For  one  thing 
it  means  great  delay;  for  another  the 
losses  are  heavy. 

Whether  the  grounds  for  the  allega- 
tions are  sound  or  not,  there  are  nu- 
merous complaints  of  goods  being  un- 
duly hung  up  at  Japanese  ports  with 
the  object  of  allowing  Japanese  goods 
to'  be  placed.  Some  time  ago  I  heard 
of  the  cases  of  people  who  had  ordered 
printing  paper  from  America  having 
it  hung  up  for  months  in  Japanese 
ports.  Enquiries  elicited  the  informa- 
tion that  there  were  no  ships  to  convey 
the  goods  to  the  different  destinations. 
But — and  this  is  significant — -Japanese 
agents  got  busy  in  the  territories  to 
which  the  paper  was  consigned,  and 
they  booked  orders  which'  were 
promptly  executed.  There  was  suffi- 
cient space  to  carry  these  orders, 
though  for  months  past  it  had  been 
impossible  to  secure  space  on  the  Jap- 
anese steamers  to  carry  the  American 
paper. 

Of  course,  it  may  not  be  long  before 
America  has  many  more  steamers  on 
the  Pacific,  sailing  as  far  as  Singapore, 
at  least,  if  not  to  Calcutta,  and  then 
you  will  not  be  dependent  on  Japanese 
steamers.  It  will  be  possible  then  to 
give  direct  shipments  as  far  as  Hong- 
kong and  in  many  cases  Singapore, 
with  an  occasional  direct  shipment  to 
Calcutta  and  Java  ports.  But  even  if 
these  direct  shipments  are  given,  it 
will  be  found  that  Yokohama  is  entire- 
ly out  of  touch  with  the  various  terri- 
tories beyond  Hongkong,  and  a  branch 
established    in    the    Japanese    center 


would  find  it  impossible  to  work  the 
rest  of  the  territories  satisfactorily. 

Shanghai  is  an  excellent  center  for 
the  China  trade,  and  if  the  desire  is  to 
concentrate  on  China,  then  the  manu- 
facturer need  go  no  further.  But  if 
he  wishes  to  embrace  the  other  terri- 
tories already  mentioned,  Shanghai  is 
not  a  suitable  center.  In  executing 
orders  direct  from  America  it  would 
again  be  possible  on  many  occasions 
to  give  direct  shipments  to  Singapore, 
Java,  etc. 

But  a  branch  would  have  to  do  more 
than  secure  orders  and  have  them 
executed  direct.  It  would  have  to 
carry  reasonable  stocks  of  the  home 
firm's  goods.  It  would  have  to  keep 
in  close  touch  with  market  fluctua- 
tions,   and    would    have    to    know   the 


THOMAS    FOX 

particular  goods  that  were  in  demand, 
so  that  the  best  prices  could  be  ob- 
tained. 

At  the  present  moment  a  particular 
well  known  article  manufactured  in 
America  is  very  short  in  the  Malay 
Peninsula  (including  Singapore),  in 
Java,  Sumatra  and  Siam.  This  line 
is  always  a  steady  seller,  and  in  nor- 
mal times  a  profit  of  from  15  to  20  per 
cent  can  be  obtained.  If  I  had  the 
goods  at  the  moment,  not  only  could 
I  sell  many  thousand  dollars  worth  in 
the  course  of  a  few  days,  but  I  could 
secure  a  profit  of  60  per  cent,  and 
would  be  thanked  for  taking  it.  If 
stocks  are  not  carried  opportunities 
like  these  are  missed.  Further,  large 
sales  are  lost,  because  a  man  will  come 
to  you  many  a  time  if  he  knows  that 
you  are  likely  to  have  stocks,  whereas 
if  the  thought  that  all  you  could  do 
was  to  take  his  order  and  place  it 
with  your  firm  in  America  he  would 
pass  you  by. 


Let    us   suppose   that   the   manufac- 
turer opened  in  Shanghai  in  order  to 
cover  not  only  China  but  other  terri- 
tories mentioned.     Let  us  suppose  that 
he  decided  to  carry  stocks  there,  and 
that  from  stocks  offers  were  made  by 
cable,    letter   or    by    a   representative. 
Go  further,  and  suppose  that  several 
merchants     here     wanted     the     goods 
badly    and   could   not   wait   for    ship- 
ments from  America  or  Europe.     The 
unfavorable     China     exchange     would 
make   business   practically   impossible. 
It  will  be  said  that  the  China  exchange 
will  not  always  be  unfavorable  to  the 
merchants    here.      Perhaps    not.      But 
the  China  exchange  is  very  elastic  and 
often   unstable,   and  more  often   than 
not  it  would  be  badly  against  us. 
For  American  Trade 
Manila  Is  Important 
Some    of   your   manufacturers    have 
tried    Hongkong    and    Manila.      They 
have  established  branches  there.     But 
in    most    cases,    I    believe,    they    have 
found    them    unsuitable    for    carrying 
on    business    here    and    in   the    Dutch 
Islands.      Hongkong    is    an    important 
port.        A    glance    at    the    commercial 
statistics    soon    shows    that.      For    the 
China    trade    Shanghai    is    to    be    pre- 
ferred    by     American    manufacturers, 
although  it  may  not  be  the  case  with 
European  manufacturers.     And  it  has 
the  same  disadvantages  already  men- 
tioned in  connection  with  Shanghai. 

For  American  trade  Manila  is  an 
important  center,  and  is  likely  to  gain 
in  importance  in  proportion  to  the 
number  of  steamers  you  place  on  the 
Pacific.  It  cannot,  however,  be  said 
to  be  a  great  transhipping  center,  and 
it  certainly  does  not  possess  the  ad- 
vantages that  Hongkong  does.  There 
are  several  lines  that  make  their  port 
at  this  side  of  Hongkong,  and  as  a 
result  the  transhipment  trade  of  the 
Colony  is  large  and  important.  A 
large  proportion  of  the  Manila  cargoes 
is  transhipped  at  Hongkong. 

The  Pacific  Mail,  with  praiseworthy 
effort,  is  running  a  couple  of  steamers 
from  San  Francisco  to  Manila,  Singa- 
pore and  to  Calcutta  and  back.  Goods, 
however,  for  ports  beyond  Manila  are 
not  transhipped  at  Manila,  but  are 
carried  either  to  Singapore  or  Cal- 
cutta. Even,  if  in  time,  several  more 
steamers  are  placed  on  the  Manila  run. 
there  would  be  no  object  in  tranship- 
ping the  goods  at  Manila,  as  by  that 
time  the  steamers  running  direct  to 
Singapore  would  be  so  numerous  that 
all  the  cargo  for  the  Straits  Settle- 
ments, the  Malay  States,  Siam  and  the 
Dutch  Islands  would  be  carried  by 
them. 

Singapore     Well     Placed 
for    Transhipment    Trade 
We  now  come  to  Singapore.     Here 
you  have  a  port  very  favorably  placed 


December    19  19 


55 


Selling   Organization   of   Greatest  Importance 


for  transhipment  trade.  It  is  in  the 
center  of  the  trade  for  Hongkong, 
Manila,  Bangkok,  Java,  Sumatra, 
Borneo.  In  addition  it  feeds  the  Fed- 
erated Malay  States  and  the  numerous 
Dutch  islands  scattered  in  these  seas. 
Its  harbor  works  are  modern,  and  are 
being  continually  improved. 

It  is  true  that  more  direct  lines 
from  the  Pacific  Coast  stop  at  Hong- 
kong than  stop  at  Singapore,  but  with 
more  steamers  on  the  Pacific  Ave  look 
forward  hopefully  to  more  direct 
steamers  for  this  port.  There  are  nu- 
merous steamers  engaged  in  the  local 
trade.  Regular  services  are  main- 
tained. As  stated,  Borneo,  an  im- 
portant territory,  growing  in  import- 
ance, is  fed  from  here.  Sumatra  gets 
her  supplies  from  Singapore.  A  large 
proportion  of  Java  cargoes  is  tran- 
shipped here,  and  the  greater  part  of 
Bangkok  cargoes.  Even  to  British 
India  we  tranship  a  large  quantity  of 
goods. 

It  is  not  only  in  connection  with 
transhipment  work  that  this  port  is 
favorably  situated,  however.  Firms 
carrying  stocks  here  sell  largely  to 
Sumatra,  the  smaller  Dutch  islands, 
Borneo,  and  frequently  to  Java.  On 
the  other  hand,  seldom  do  we  buy 
from  these  markets.  That  in  itself 
shows  which  is  the  selling  market. 
Also  Well  Situated 
To    Handle    Exports 

So  far  we  have  only  looked  at  the 
question  from  the  side  of  imports. 
Let  us  glance  at  the  export  side.  Of 
all  the  countries  Java,  perhaps,  has 
the  largest  variety  of  exports.  Most 
tropical  products  are  grown  there.  In 
the  Malay  Peninsula  itself  the  variety 
is  small,  not  that  it  has  been  proved 
that  we  cannot  cultivate  most  of  the 
products  grown  in  Java,  but  because 
so  much  money  has  been  sunk  in  rub- 
ber and  tin.  These  are  our  two  great 
industries.  To  them  for  years  finance 
has  been  directed,  and  other  products 
have  been  neglected. 

There  are,  however,  signs  that  great- 
er attention  is  to  be  devoted  by  Gov- 
ernment and  private  enterprise  to  the 
cultivation  of  other  commercial  prod- 
ucts, and  while  rubber  will  remain 
the  principal  form  of  agriculture, 
within  a  few  years  we  should  have 
growing  on  a  substantial  scale  other 
commercial   products. 

In  the  meantime  Java  is  the  leading 
country.  But  it  is  not  possible  to  ship 
all  Java  products  for  America  direct, 
and  large  quantities  find  their  way  to 
this  market  either  for  transhipment  or 
for  sale.  Apart  from  that,  the  prod- 
ucts of  Borneo  and  other  islands 
come  here  for  sale.  Merchants  here 
have  their  buying  agents  in  these 
islands  and  enter  into  contracts  with 


the  cultivators.  These  cultivators  are 
frequently  financed  from  this  end,  so 
that  Singapore  controls  the  market. 
Further  than  this,  Singapore  is  also 
an  important  market  for  produce  from 
British  India,  Colombo  and  Siam. 

Now,  if  the  people  at  your  side  are 
interested  in  tropical  products  as  well 
as  in  the  question  of  sending  their 
goods  here,  no  more  suitable  center 
than  Singapore  could  be  found.  Al- 
most every  month  it  is  attracting 
greater  American  interest.  American 
firms  are  appointing  their  agents  and 
opening  their  branches,  and  every- 
thing points  to  a  great  development  of 
our  resources  within  the  next  half 
dozen  years.  There  are  several  other 
factors,  but  the  question  need  not  be 
labored,  and  we  will  now  pass  on  to 
the  agency  proposition. 

Appointment      of      Agents 
Should   Be   Done  Carefully 

There  is  much  to  be  said  for  the  ap- 
pointment of  agents.  You  can  appoint 
your  agent  for  every  important  center. 
You  can  have  agents  in  Yokohama, 
Kobe,  Shanghai,  Manila,  Hongkong, 
Singapore,  Batavia,  Medan,  Calcutta 
and  Colombo.  Doubtless,  there  is  a 
comfortable  feeling  in  knowing  that 
you  have  agents  in  all  these  centers, 
and  having  appointed  them  you  may 
be  excused  if  you  give  a  sigh  of  satis- 
faction and  sit  back  to  wait  the  orders 
that  will  pour  in. 

There  are  two  ways  of  appointing 
agents,  either  by  correspondence  or 
through  a  representative  sent  to  the 
East  with  the  set  object.  To  make 
the  appointment  solely  by  correspond- 
ence is  dangerous,  even  although  you 
are  quite  satisfied  with  the  credentials 
of  your  agents.  A  large  capital  does 
not  always  mean  big  trade.  You  may 
enter  into  correspondence  with  a  firm 
with  a  substantial  capital,  a  firm  that 
will  give  you  no  worry  as  far  as  the 
financial  end  of  the  business  is  con- 
cerned. You  must  not  overlook  the 
fact,  however,  that  the  firm  with  a 
large  capital  generally  conducts  large 
operations. 

Siich  a  firm  will  only  regard  your 
agency  as  a  side  issue.  It  may  even 
happen  that  it  carries  an  agency  run- 
ning in  competition  with  your  goods. 
If  you  make  the  firm  an  advertising 
allowance  it  will  advertise  your  goods, 
and  its  salesmen  will  follow  up  this 
work,  but  only  in  conjunction  with 
numerous  other  agencies.  You  are 
merely  a  small  cog  in  the  big  wheel. 

Now,  take  the  man  with  a  small 
capital.  If  you  enter  into  relations 
with  him  by  correspondence,  the  small- 
ness  of  his  capital  may  frighten  you, 
and  finally  you  drop  him.  Yet  he 
may  be  just  the  man  for  you.  That  is 
difficult  to  ascertain  through  the  me- 


dium of  letters.  '  You  cannot  find  out 
the  character  of  the  man.  The  banks 
can  only  tell  you  about  his  financial 
standing,  and  that  not  always  cor- 
rectly. 

As  to  the  latter  point,  I  have  an  in- 
stance in  mind.  A  business  friend  of 
mine  to  my  knowledge  has  a  substan- 
tial capital.  In  addition  he  has  con- 
siderable assets  in  the  way  of  prop- 
erty. His  commercial  morality  is 
above  reproach.  His  payments  I  have 
always  found  to  be  regular.  In  fact 
he  is  a  highly  satisfactory  party  with 
whom  to  do  business — sound,  keen  anu 
experienced.  In  his  case  I  thought  I 
would  test  the  bank 's  opinion.  The  • 
report  I  received  was  half-hearted  and 
not  at  all  favorable,  the  sting  being  in 
what  was  left  unsaid.  On  my  own 
personal  knowledge  it  was  an  unfair 
report,  and  if  given  to  a  man  who  did 
not  know  my  friend  it  would  have 
meant  that  no  business  would  have 
resulted.  I  cannot  understand  why 
the  report  was  given,  because  it  would 
not  have  been  difficult  to  find  out  my 
friend's  actual  standing. 

Man  With  Small  Capital 
May    Prove    Best    Agent 

A  man  with  small  capital  may  be 
honest,  keen  and  experienced,  just  the 
man  to  handle  the  agency,  but  if  cor- 
respondence is  depended  on  alone,  the 
manufacturer  doubtless  will  resrard  it 
as  too  risky  to  appoint  him.  With  per- 
sonal investigation  it  is  different.  The 
representative  visits  the  territory.  He 
meets  a  likely  agent,  either  accident- 
ally or  through  the  medium  of  an  in- 
troduction. The  matter  is  discussed 
by  the  representative  and  the  prospec- 
tive agent.  The  latter  gives  all  the 
information  necessary,  submits  bank- 
ing and  commercial  references,  which 
the  representative  is  able  to  test. 

Above  all,  the  representative  is  able 
to  see  personally  the  type  of  man  the 
prospective  agent  is,  and.  accordingly, 
does  not  require  to  be  hide-bound  by 
financial  reports.  I  am  not  attempting 
to  disparage  financial  reports.  They 
are  very  necessary,  but  it  is  a  mistake 
to  depend  solely  upon  them,  or  to  be 
guided  entirely  by  them.  The  chances 
are  that  an  agent  appointed  after  a 
personal  interview  is  likely  to  prove 
more  satisfactory  than  an  agent  ap- 
pointed through  correspondence. 

Assuming  that  you  have  appointed 
your  agent,  there  arises  the  question 
of  the  terms.  Is  he  to  buy  outright 
for  stock  on  his  own  responsibility? 
Is  he  to  receive  consignments  on  your 
responsibility?  Or  is  he  to  secure 
orders  here  on  a  commission  basis? 
In  the  first  case  the  agent  is  taking  a 
certain  risk  if  the  goods  are  new  to 
this  market.  He  sinks  a  certain  sum 
of  money  in  them,  without  knowing 


56 


Pan   Pacific 


American    Exporters    Must    Back    Up    Agents 


how  they  will  take.  He  has  hard 
initial  work.  He  has  storage  expenses, 
and  it  may  be  that  for  a  long  time  his 
money  is  sunk  in  this  initial  order. 
It  is  unlikely  that  he  will  make  any 
profit  at  first.  On  the  contrary,  the 
chances  are  that  he  will  drop  money. 
But  if  he  has  been  guaranteed  the  sole 
agency  for  his  particular  territory  he 
will  not  mind.  The  future  will  bring 
its   reward. 

That  is  how  the  position  looks  on 
the  surface,  and  that  is  how  it  gen- 
erally operates  for  a  time.  The  agent 
orders  the  goods.  He  cannot  sell  for- 
ward because  he  is  not  certain  of  his 
landed  cost,  and  in  order  to  get  the 
market  he  has  no  wish  to  load  unnec- 
essarily. Further,  his  clients  do  not 
know  the  quality  and  nature  of  the 
goods,  even  though  they  may  have  a 
sample  offered  them,  and  when  ap- 
proached before  the  goods  arrive  they 
are  likely  to  ask  the  importer  to  call 
when  he  receives^  his  stocks.  The  sell- 
ing at  first  is  slow,  but  if  the  agent  is 
keen,  in  time  he  will  win  his  sales. 
That  may  be  after  one  or  two  orders. 
Then  he  makes  his  profit.  It  is  also 
then  that  often  the  trouble  starts. 
Duty  of  Exporter 
To     Support    Agents 

The  clients  here  soon  find  out  the 
same  and  address  of  the  exporter. 
Probably  both  are  marked  on  the 
goods.  Some  of  them  finding  ready 
sales,  will  approach  the  manufacturer 
direct,  or  it  may  be  that  they  will 
communicate  with-  some  house  with 
whom  they  have  been  in  the  habit  of 
transacting  business,  asking  them  to 
forward  the  goods-  Now  is  the  time 
for  the  manufacturer  to  show  if  he 
really  is  seriously  after  a  permanent 
foreign  trade.  If  he  is  he  will  reply 
to  the  client  at  this  side,  pointing  out 
that  Mr.  So  and  So  is  sole  agent  for 
the  goods,  and  that  application  to  him 
will  secure  them. 

That  he  can  do  when  he  is  ap- 
proached direct.  It  is  a  different 
proposition  when  he  is  apprached  by 
a  commission  house  in  America,  for  he 
may  not  be  informed  to  which  terri- 
tory the  goods  are  to  be  sent.  As 
much  as  he  can  do  to  safeguard  the 
interests  of  his  agent  is  to  ask  the 
commission  house  to  give  a  guarantee 
in  writing  that  the  goods  are  not  to 
be  shipped  to  such  and  such  a  terri- 
tory. No  doubt  there  will  be  instances 
where  wrong  information  will  be 
given,  and  when  the  deception  is  dis- 
covered, it  will  rest  with  the  manu- 
facturer not  to  supply  any  further 
goods  to  that  commission  house. 

This  may  look  like  allowing  money 
to  pass  the  door.  But  it  is  not.  It  is 
establishing  confidence,  and  confidence 
is  a  tremendous  asset  in  business.   Fur- 


ther, when  it  is  found  that  the  goods 
have  gone  into  an  agent's  territory, 
that  agent  should  be  allowed  a  reason- 
able commission,  even  though  he  has 
not  handled  the  goods  in  any  way 
whatever.  Thus  are  his  interests  pro- 
tected. If  some  such  protection  is  not 
offered,  the  first  thing  the  manufac- 
turer will  know  is  that  he  is  without 
an  agent  in  a  certain  territory. 
Many  Misunderstandings 
Regarding  Agency  Question 

Within  the  last  three  years  there 
have  been  many  misunderstandings  re- 
garding this  question  of  agency.  I  have 
had  quite  a  number  of  instances 
brought  to  my  notice  of  agents  not 
being  properly  treated  at  this  end. 
While  they  were  supposed  to  have  the 
sole  rights  the  goods  they  were  han- 
dling have  reached  their  market 
through  other  sources.  That  is  fatal 
to  business,  and  unless  the  manufac- 
turers are  to  remedy  the  position, 
there  will  be  no  real  confidence  as  be- 
tween the  American  manufacturer  and 
the  importer  in  this  part  of  the  world. 

The  question  of  sending  a  consign- 
ment on  your  own  responsibility  is 
naturally  in  favor  here.  It  does  not 
call  upon  the  importer  to  take  a  heavy 
financial  risk.  Agreed  the  risk  belongs 
to  the  manufacturer,  he  has  in  some 
way  protected  himself  by  his  enquiries 
into  the  standing  and  character  of  the 
agent,  and  he  can  seek  further  protec- 
tion by  making  arrangements  with  a 
local  bank  to  work  in  conjunction  with 
the  agent  to  the  extent  of  asking  him 
to  furnish  periodical  statements  of 
sales,  payments,  etc.,  and  by  frequent 
inspection  of  stock. 

If  consignments  are  sent  the  per- 
centage of  business  is  almost  certain 
to  be  far  greater  than  if  the  agent  has 
to  buy  his  stocks  outright.  In  the  for- 
mer case  he  will  be  able  to  carry 
larger  stocks  and  to  book  orders  with- 
out any  fear  of  financial  stringency. 
If  he  has  to  buy  outright  he  has  to 
keep  an  eye  on  his  financial  facilities, 
and  to  suppress  his  sales  to  within 
their  limits.  His  stocks,  too,  will  be, 
comparatively  speaking,  small.  So  the 
position  is  that  the  manufacturer 
either  has  to  be  content  with  small 
sales  or  to  take  a  little  risk. 

When  consignments  are  sent,  the 
agent  practically  becomes  a  member 
of  the  staff  of  the  firm,  but  without 
salary.  The  manufacturer  secures  a 
branch  office  without  any  up-keep 
charges,  knowing  that  any  money  he 
will  have  to  pay  out  will  only  be  a 
percentage  of  profits  he  himself  has 
made.  British  merchants  are  favor- 
ing the  consignment  system,  and  are 
finding  it  works  quite  satisfactorily, 
and  if  American  manufacturers,  who 
are   not   prepared   to    open   a    central 


branch,  have  the  courage  to  adopt  a 
similar  course,  I  am  certain  that  they 
will  not  regret  the  result. 

Traveling       Representative 
Does  Not  Satisfy  Merchant 

The  third  point  to  consider  is  that 
of  the  traveling  representative.  In 
this  case  no  direct  agents  are  ap- 
pointed. The  representative  calls  on 
the  various  likely  merchants  at  this 
side,  and  where  possible  books  orders. 
All  are  treated  alike.  Personally,  I 
do  not  care  for  the  system.  It  does 
not  satisfy  the  merchant,  and  even  is 
not  quite  satisfactory  to  the  manufac- 
turer. If  a  representative  drops  into 
a  city  for  the  first  time,  he  does  not 
know  who  are  the  best  people  to  call 
on.  The  American  Consul  and  the 
banks  can  assist  him  to  a  certain  ex- 
tent, but  a  great  deal  has  to  be  left 
to  his  own  judgment.  He  either  has 
to  sell  against  I)/P  draft  or  has  to 
take  a  financial  risk.  In  the  short 
time  at  his  disposal  he  cannot  find  out 
the  parties  who  are  absolutely  good. 

Then  when  the  goods  come  forward 
some  difference  may  arise,  as  has  often 
happened,  and  America  has  to  be  com- 
municated with  by  the  bank.  There 
is  no  local  representative  of  the  manu- 
facturer to  appeal  to,  as  that  gentle- 
man by  the  time  the  goods  arrive  will 
be  in  another  territory,  perhaps  far 
enough  away.  Thus,  there  will  be  dis- 
satisfaction right  from  the  start,  and 
no  repeat  orders  from  the  firm  that 
considers  it  has  a  grievance. 

Many  just  complaints  have  been 
brought  to  my  notice  during  the  past 
year.  Anxious  to  secure  orders,  repre- 
sentatives have  made  conditions  that 
have  not  been  adhered  to.  In  some 
cases  the  goods  have  been  taken  up 
with  the  reservation  that  it  is  the  first 
and  last  time  of  doing  business  with 
the  particular  American  firm.  In 
other  cases  the  parties  here  have  ab- 
solutely refused  to  take  up  the  goods, 
and  the  bank  has  had  to  make  the  best 
of  the  position.  I  will  be  candid, 
much  damage  has  been  done  to  your 
trade  by  representatives  who  have 
been   a    little   too   smart.     Tt   does    not 


pay. 


Looks   To   Small   Dealers 
For  Most  of  the  Demand 


There  is  another  aspect  of  the  case. 
As  soon  as  a  firm  capable  of  develop- 
ing the  trade  in  your  goods  discovers 
that  orders  have  been  taken  by  numer- 
ous smaller  dealers,  he  will  drop  your 
lines,  because  it  will  not  be  worth  his 
while  trying  to  sell  them.  After  his 
first  order  nothing  more  will  go  for- 
w;inl.  It  is  to  the  smaller  dealers  he 
looks  for  his  demand,  and  if  he  finds 
that  they  have  bought  your  goods  at 
a  price  lower  than  that  at  which  he 
ran  sell  them,  he   will  (dear  his  little 


December    19  19 


57 


How  Confidence  in  U.  S.  Houses  Has  Been  Lost 


lot  and  you  will   hear   no   more   from 
him. 

From  the  smaller  dealers  there  will 
be  only  a  small  demand,  because  they 
will  not  trouble  to  push  the  goods  the 
way  the  larger  man  would  do.  What 
happens  then  is  that  your  representa- 
tive at  first  gets  many  initial  orders 
which  look  good,  but  there  is  hardly 
any  thing  in  the  way  of  repeat  busi- 
ness and,  after  all,  it  is  the  repeat 
business  that  you  want.  On  these 
grounds,  I  do  not  think  that  the  trav- 
eling representative  scheme  without 
the  appointment  of  agents  is  satis- 
factory. 

The  fourth  point  is  to  allow  a  com- 
mission house  in  America  to  handle 
your  goods  for  a  group  of  territories. 
For  instance,  a  house  might  handle 
your  goods  for  China,  the  Straits, 
Siam,  Java  and  Sumatra.  Here  I  am 
travelling  on  rather  delicate  ground, 
as  you  know  better  than  I  do  the  ad- 
vantages of  the  commission  house  sys- 
tem in  America.  I  can  only  speak 
about  it  as  it  works  out  at  this  end. 
The  commission  house,  I  am  ready  to 
believe,  takes  from  the  manufacturer 
a  great  deal  of  worry  and  responsi- 
bility. 

But  unless  the  commission  people 
make  suitable  arrangements  at  this 
end,  such  arrangements  as  the  manu- 
facturer might  make  himself,  the  busi- 
ness here  will  be  conducted  only  in  a 
haphazard  way.  There  will  be  no  real 
organization,  and  without  organization 
there  will  be  no  steady  demand.  Sup- 
posing the  commission  house  corre- 
sponds with  the  firms  here,  orders  will 
be  placed,  but  the  conditions  are  likely 
to  be  such  that  they  will  be  small  and 
irregular.  The  commission  house  will 
not  risk  credits.  The  experience  here 
is  that  under  the  system  credits  in 
America  against  shipment  are  de- 
manded. That  may  have  worked  dur- 
ing the  war,  but  any  merchant  here 
would  be  stupid  to  agree  to  them  now 
that  he  can  get  far  better  terms  else- 
where. 

As  far  as  I  can  see  the  position,  the 
only  way  in  which  the  system  can 
work  successfully,  is  for  the  commis- 
sion house  to  secure  interests  suffi- 
ciently important  to  justify  them 
doing  one  of  two  things: — (1)  open 
their  own  branch  in  the  East;  (2)  send 
out  their  own  representative  to  ap- 
point suitable  agents.  If  they  are  a 
large  enough  concern  to  do  that,  then 
much  good  can  be  done.  But  not 
otherwise. 

American        Exporters 
Have  Been  Too  Eager 

I  have  stated  the  different  systems 
under  which,  I  think,  that  trade  might 
be  done  in  these  territories,  and  will 


now  proceed  to  point  out  several 
things  I  have  noticed  in  connection 
with  American  trade.  Candidly,  many 
people  are  cpiite  sore  at  American  ex- 
porters. During  the  war  your  export- 
ers had  a  glorious  opportunity  to  get 
a  large  share  of  the  trade  of  the  East. 
It  is  not  too  late  for  you  to  yet  do 
much  to  retain  a  great  deal  of  what 
you  have  won.  But  some  things  will 
have  to  be  dropped. 

Some  American  exporters  have  been 
a  bit  too  eager,  and  have  killed  confi- 
dence. I  will  give  one  or  two  in- 
stances. A  certain  firm  ordered  goods 
amounting  to  about  $8,000  (Amer- 
ican). There  was  delay.  The  goods 
were  ordered  through  a  travelling  rep- 
resentative, who  promised  delivery 
within  a  certain  period.  That  period 
expired,  and  still  there  was  no  sign 
of  the  goods.  The  importers  were 
willing  to  wait  longer,  as  they  wanted 
the  goods,  and  as  they  were  aware  of 
shipping  difficulties,  they  had  no  wish 
to  appear  to  be  unfair.  One  day 
the  representative  of  the  exporters 
returner  and  informed  the  im- 
porters that  goods  had  arrived 
which  he  thought  were  those 
ordered,  but  he  could  not  state  for 
certain.  This  was  five  days  after  the 
arrival  of  the  goods.  The  representa- 
tive promised  to  cable  his  principals 
on  the  matter,  and  twelve  days  after 
the  arrival  of  the  goods  the  importers 
were  informed  that  they  were  those 
ordered. 

Now,  all  this  time  the  market  for 
these  goods  was  falling,  and  delay 
meant  loss  to  the  firm  at  this  end. 
But  more  difficulties  followed.  The 
bank  had  no  invoices,  and  the  firm 
had  no  invoices.  The  bank  in  America 
had  to  be  cabled  to,  and  finally  a  reply 
was  received  that  the  goods  could  be 
delivered  on  payment  of  the  value, 
plus  the  usual  banking  charges,  differ- 
ence in  exchange,  etc.  That  was  nine- 
teen days  after  the  arrival  of  the 
goods.  The  firm  here  took  them  up, 
though  they  were  not  bound  to  do  so, 
and  lost  on  them.  They  promptly 
cancelled  by  cable  two  other  orders 
which  had  been  placed  amounting  to 
nearly  $10,000  (American),  and  since 
then  they  have  refused  to  place  a 
single  order  with  the  exporters. 

The  sequel  follows.  It  appeared 
later  that  the  representative  here  had 
been  instructed  to  sell  the  goods  if 
the  market  was  higher  than  the  price 
at  which  they  had  been  ordered,  and 
if  the  market  was  not  to  allow  the 
firm  who  ordered  them  to  take  them 
over.  The  market  was  not  higher  and 
the  firm  got  them.  But  two  previous 
shipments  meant  for  them  had  been 
sold  at  a  rate  higher  than  the  price 
which  they  were  to  pay.  That  is  not 


business.     This  case  is  not  an  isolated 
one. 

Another  firm  placed  a  small  trial 
order,  the  conditions  being  D/P  sight 
draft.  They  received  a  draft  showing 
goods  four  times  the  value  of  their 
order,  and  a  letter  asking  them  to  take 
them  up  as  "certainly  you  will  soon 
be  able  to  sell  them."  The  firm  fool- 
ishly took  up  the  goods,  and  still  re- 
tain the  greater  part,  which  are  not 
suitable  for  their  market. 

There  are  also  cases  of  goods  being 
supplied  of  a  different  quality  to 
sample,  while  instances  are  not  un- 
known of  higher  quality,  and  higher 
priced  goods  being  sent  instead  of 
those  asked  for.  I  have  one  case  in 
mind  where  the  exporters  stated  that 
they  were  supplying  a  stronger  and 
thicker  class  of  goods.  This  was 
wearing  apparel,  and  while  there  was 
not  much  difference  in  the  price  of  the 
goods  ordered  and  the  goods  sent, 
they  were  too  thick  for  a  tropical 
climate,   and   accordingly   unsalable. 

A  certain  manufacturer  of  soft 
goods  sent  out  samples,  mentioning 
that  patterns  were  changed  every 
three  months.  As  it  takes  from  four 
to  six  weeks  for  a  letter  to  reach  this 
part  of  the  world  from  the  Pacific 
Coast  under  ordinary  circumstances, 
it  has  been  impossible  to  do  business. 
You  cannot  book  orders  on  samples 
that  you  know  are  to  be  withdrawn 
two  months  after  you  have  received 
them. 

In  a  certain  city  in  the  East  a  firm 
wrote  to  an  American  manufacturer, 
with  the  object  of  taking  over  the 
agency  for  a  certain  class  of  goods. 
Finally,  it  was  arranged  that  the  firm 
would  secure  the  agency  if  they  placed 
an  initial  order  of  a  reasonable  value. 
The  firm  were  prepared  to  do  this, 
and  wrote  to  that  effect.  But  in  the 
meantime  they  discovered  that  an- 
other firm  in  the  same  city  had  been 
offered  the  same  agency  by  a  commis- 
sion house  which  claimed  to  have  the 
sole  rights  for  the  East.  The  two  local 
firms  compared  notes,  and  both  de- 
cided to  drop  the  matter. 

Confidence      Broken 
By  Business  Like  This 

These  are  a  few  instances,  and  they 
by  no  means  complete  the  list  that 
have  gone  far  to  break  confidence 
here.  If  the  American  manufacturer 
wishes  to  establish  and  maintain  trade 
with  this  part  of  the  world,  he  must 
be  ready  to  give  and  take.  He  cannot 
leave  the  whole  responsibility  on  the 
shoulders  of  the  importer.  During  the 
war  the  hands  of  the  importer  were 
tied.  He  could  not  get  goods  from 
Europe,  and  he  had  to  turn  to  Amer- 
ica and  Japan.  The  latter  failed  him. 
And  so  did  several  American  houses. 


58 


Pan    Pacific 


Give  Us  Ship  Service  or  Lose 

Philippines  Trade -Warns  J.  J.  Rafferty 


THERE  is  an  imperative  need  for 
the  improvement  of  American 
steamship  service  between  Pacific 
coast  ports  and  the  Philippines — if 
American  commerce  is  to  have  an 
equitable  opportunity  for  expansion  in 
the  Orient. 

A  direct  express  service  between  the 
Pacific  coast  and  the  Philippines  is 
their  most  urgent  need  and  at  the 
same  time  a  broad  opportunity  for 
American  commercial  interests. 

To  date  the  plans  of  the  United 
States  Shipping  Board  for  the  trans- 
Pacific  service  seem  to  provide  only 
for  an  increase  in  the  quantity  of  ton- 
nage without  reference  to  the  need  of 
improvement  in  the  quality  of  service. 
If  we  depend  on  American  ships,  it 
will  be  the  same  wearisome  thirty  to 
thirty -five  day  trip  to  Manila  as  it 
has  been  for  the  past  twenty-odd  years 
— via  the  ports  of  China  and  Japan. 
Exports  of  Philippines 
To  Obtain  Better  Service 

At  a  conference  with  the  Chairman 
of  the  Division  of  Operations  of  the 
United  States  Shipping  Board  at 
"Washington,  D.  C,  last  year  the  Phil- 
ippine resident  commissioners,  Messrs. 
Yangco  and  de  Veyra,  together  with 
the  writer,  submitted  plans  for  the 
inauguration  of  an  express  steamship 
service  from  the  Pacific  coast  to  the 
Philippines,  whereby  Manila  would  be 
established  as  the  American  key-port 
in  the  Orient  and  provisions  made  for 
the  sorting  and  trans-shipment  of 
cargo  from  that  port  to  other  Oriental 
countries,  the  express  service  to  be 
augmented  by  subsidiary  lines  oper- 
ating from  Manila  to  the  Dutch  East 
Indies,  Federated  Malay  States,  In- 
dia and  China. 

We  pointed  out,  that  inasmuch  as 
the  government  of  the  Philippines 
would,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  be  the  ac- 
quiescing party  in  the  plan  we  be- 
lieved that  the  move  should  be  initi- 
ated to  forward  their  proposals  to  the 
Philippine  government  for  action. 

The  Chairman  informed  us  that  he 
appreciated  the  possible  opportunities 
accruing  from  a  trans-Pacific  express 
service,  and  agreed  to  give  our  plans 
prompt  attention  after  the  war.  He 
further  informed  us  that  for  the  pro- 
posed service  to  become  a  reality  it 
would  be  necessary  for  the  Philippine 
government  to  increase  the  Manila 
port  facilities;  and  establish  a  "free 
zone"  for  the  accommodation  of  trans- 
shipment cargoes. 

We  cabled  the  Philippine  Governor 
General,  Hon.  Francis  Burton  Harri- 
son, advising  him  of  the   outcome  of 


Mr.  Rafferty,  writer  of  this  timely 
article,  is  director  of  the  Philippines 
Bureau  of  Commerce  and  Industry 
with  main  offices  in  San  Francisco. 


the    conference    and    our    concurrence 
with  the  views  of  the  Chairman. 
Appropriation    Is    Made 
For  Best  Equipped  Piers 

The  message  was  enthusiastically  re- 
ceived by  the  Philippine  legislature, 
then  in  session,  and  as  a  result  an  ade- 
quate sum  was  appropriated  for  the 
construction  of  one  of  the  largest  and 
best  equipped  piers  in  the  Orient  at 
Manila.  Work  on  this  pier  is  now  well 
under  way. 

.  Action  on  the  establishment  of  a 
"free  port"  was  deferred;  but  its  nec- 
essity was  generally  discussed.  I 
have  since  been  told  by  leading  Fili- 
pino officials  that  there  is  a  disposi- 
tion to  await  some  evidence  of  active 
co-operation  from  the  American  ship- 
ping interests  before  establishing  the 
"free  port"  as  its  success  depends  on 
mutual  efforts. 

I  regret  to  state  that  to  the  best 
of  my  knowledge  no  decisive  move 
has  as  yet  been  made  for  the  im- 
provement of  American  steamship 
service  to  the  Far  East  by  either  the 
Shipping  Board  or  the  Pacific  coast 
ports. 

All    Pacific    Coast    Ports 
Should  unite  in  Campaign 

In  answer  to  our  plea  for  better 
steamship  service,  heretofore  we  have 
been  told  that  there  were  no  proper 
carriers  available.  However,  I  am  in- 
formed that  there  are  now  twelve 
ships  of  more  than  fourteen  thousand 
tons  gross,  and  high  speed,  under  con- 
struction, some  of  which  have  already 
been  launched  by  the  Shipping  Board. 

From  information  at  hand,  these 
ships  seem  to  be  well  adapted  for  the 
proposed  seventeen-day  express  ser- 
vice; but,  owing  to  the  pressure  being 
brought  to  bear  to  have  them  allocated 
to  the  trans-Atlantic  or  South  Ameri- 
can trade  from  Atlantic  ports,  it  will 
require  the  combined  efforts  of  the 
Pacific  Coast  and  the  Philippines  to 
secure  them  for  the  trans-Pacific  trade. 

The  location  of  the  Philippines — 
particularly  Manila,  with  reference  to 
the  trade  routes  of  the  world,  offers 
immense  possibilities  for  your  com- 
mercial development.  It  is  the  only 
natural  trade  center  for  American 
interests  in  the  Far  East. 

The  harbor  of  Manila,  located  on 
the  Bay  of  Manila — a  body  of  water 


covering  approximately  700  square 
miles — is  well  protected  by  a  sea  wall. 
It  has  sufficient  depth  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  the  largest  ships  alongside 
its  docks.  There  are  unlimited  possi- 
bilities for  the  expansion  of  its  port 
facilities.  With  the  establishment  of 
the  seventeen-day  express  service,  I 
believe  that  a  free  zone,  a  graving 
dock  and  all  provisions  necessary  for 
its  economical  operation,  and  subsi- 
diary lines  to  India,  Dutch  East  In- 
dies, Federated  Malay  States,  and 
Chinese  ports  will  be  speedily  pro- 
vided. 

Since  1898,  Manila  has  been  the 
American  outpost  in  the  Orient.  Un- 
like other  great  nations,  you  have 
failed  to  establish  yourselves  there  as 
a  maritime  power,  or  to  improve  the 
possibilities  of  this  friendly  port. 
Gateway  to  Asia 
Only  Port  of  Call 

To  date,  your  gateway  to  Asia,  with 
its  hundreds  of  millions  of  inhabitants, 
is  relegated  to  the  status  of  a  "port 
'of  call"  by  all  American  steamsip 
lines. 

Manila  is  the  one  port  in  the  Orient 
where  those  in  authority  wish  you 
well,  and  desire  to  see  your  business 
prosper.  It  is  a  port  without  malice 
toward  you,  where  ideals  of  American 
justice  and  fair  play  prevail;  and 
where  the  ordinary  risks  of  trans- 
shipment are  reduced  to  a  minimum. 
Can  you  safely  continue  to  overlook 
its  importance  from  a  commercial 
standpoint? 

Through  the  Philippines,  you  have 
an  unrivaled  opportunity  to  tap  the 
vast  markets  of  China  and  open  them 
to  Americans  in  a  manner  heretofore 
impossible.  China  is  a  fertile  field, 
the  cultivation  of  which  is  bound  to 
yield  a  rich  harvest  to  the  Americans 
who  handle  it  with  intelligence  and 
understanding.  America  is  regarded 
by  the  Chinese  as  friendly,  disposed 
rather  to  help  than  to  hinder,  to  pro- 
tect rather  than  to  despoil  her  terri- 
tory. 

But  with  all  of  these  advantages, 
if  you  are  to  meet  competition,  you 
must  have  a  powerful  organization, 
a  base  and  rallying  point  close  at  hand, 
something  more  tangible  than  labels 
on  boxes  and  bales  as  indicating 
American  commercial  force.  The  Chi- 
nese merchant  bases  his  judgment 
largely  on  outward  signs;  and  as  he 
has  a  natural  tendency  to  deal  with 
the  strongest  firm — other  things  being 
equal — I  fear  that  America's  poor 
showing  on  the  Pacific   is  convincing 


D 


ber    I  9  I  9 


59 


Trade  of  the  Orient  Now  Going  to  New  York 


proof  to  him  of  her  inferiority   as   a 
maritime  nation. 

The  markets  of  the  Philippines  and 
China  are  not  the  only  ones  in  the 
Orient  awaiting  development,  but  they 
are  perhaps  the  largest ;  and  the  others 
will  require  more  time  and  effort. 
Resources  of  Philippines 
Among  World's  Greatest 

During  my  eighteen  years'  service 
with  the  United  States  government  in 
the  Philippines,  I  visited  every  part 
of  the  Islands  and  came  to  know  them 
thoroughly.  I  can  assure  you  that 
this  archipelago  is  one  of  the  richest 
spots  in  the  world. 

The  area  of  the  Islands  is  about 
120,000  square  miles.  Only  14,000 
square  miles  are  under  cultivation  to- 
day. In  the  lands  awaiting  develop- 
ment are  61,000  square  miles  of  com- 
mercial forests  and  11,000  square  miles 
of  non-commercial  forests.  After  the 
timber  is  cleared  away  the  greater 
portion  of  this  will  be  first  class  agri- 
cultural land.  There  are  14,000 
square  miles  of  unexplored  lands,  in- 
cluding numerous  small  islands,  and 
as  yet  uncalculated  copper,  iron,  coal 
and  oil  deposits. 

Following  is  a  table  showing  the  ag- 
ricultural development  of  the  Philip- 
pines today: 

Acres   under   cultivation: 

Abaca   or    Manila    Hemp    1,236,000 

Cacao     26,000 

Coffee    2,000 

Corn     1,070,000 

Cocoanuts    648.000 

Maguey     _      78,000 

Rice    2,189,000 

Rubber      2,000 

Sugar     Cane     444,000 

Tobacco    145,000 

Total    5,830,000 

Experience  has  shown  that  the 
proper  development  of  the  mining, 
timber  and  commercial  resources  re- 
quire large  capital.  Therefore  the 
Filipinos  welcome  investors,  and  give 
them  every  encouragement.  This  is 
particularly  true  of  Americans. 

There  are  a  million  and  a  half  farms 
in  the  Philippines,  96  per  cent  of 
which  are  owned  by  Filipinos.  In  other 
words,  out  of  the  ten  million  Chris- 
tian Filipinos,  eight  million  of  them 
at  least  live  on  their  own  farms,  with 
houses  of  their  own,  independent  of 
any  absentee  landlord  or  foreign  mas- 
ter. Ninety-one  per  cent  of  the  ur- 
ban property,  consisting  of  houses  and 
lands,  is  owned  by  the  Filipinos. 
(Facts  cabled  by  Acting  Governor- 
General  Charles  Emmett  Yeater  to  the 
War  Department  from  the  recent  cen- 
sus estimates.) 

Sugar  and  cocoanut  plantations  have 
yielded  large  returns  following  the 
introduction  of  modern  methods  of 
cultivation  and  milling.  Rubber  grow- 
ing, which  has  only  recently  been 
undertaken,  yields  surprisingly  good 
returns. 


The  Philippines  import  cotton,  iron, 
steel,  rice,  milk,  flour,  paper,  leather, 
dairy  products,  automobiles,  coal, 
fibres,  vegetables,  textiles,  oils,  chemi- 
cals, drugs,  dyes,  medicines,  meat 
products,  instrumental  apparatus,  to- 
bacco, soap,  manufactures  of  wood, 
books,  printed  matter,  glass,  cocoa, 
etc.  It  exports  hemp,  sugar,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  tobacco,  foreign  merchandise, 
fats,  lumber,  pearl  buttons,  cocoanuts, 
etc. 


CHINA'S  VAST  POSSIBILITIES 

IT  is  true  that  a  vast  portion  of  the 
400,000,000  people  who  comprise  the 
Chinese  market  has  a  relatively  low 
purchasing  power,  hut  China  oilers  aU 
the  possibilities  for  economic  devel- 
opment that  we  have  had  in  the  Unit- 
ed States,  and  that  exists  in  unfortu- 
nate Russia,  at  the  present  time.  What 
is  needed,  however,  is  a  sympathetic 
understanding  of  the  market  on  the 
part  of  American  merchants  and  their 
bankers;  and  with  all  the  forces  that 
America  has  at  her  command,  we 
should  get  our  share  of  Chinese  trade. 
America's  share  of  the  trade  with 
China  can  he  held  against  all  compet- 
itors, if  we  wiU  merchandise  intelli- 
gently, finance  intelligently,  and  pur- 
sue a  policy  which  is  worthy  of  our 
resources  and  proverbial  common  sense. 


The  total  foreign  commerce  in  1913 
was  $107,685,742  with  a  balance 
against  her  of  $5,500,000,  while  last 
year,  1918,  her  foreign  commerce 
reached  $234,281,747  with  a  balance 
of  trade  in  her  favor  of  $37,083,324, 
or  an  increase  of  $133,196,005  of  the 
1918  trade  over  that  of  1913,  an  in- 
crease of  131  per  cent  from  1913  to 
1918. 

With  respect  to  our  monetary  circu- 
lation, we  had  in  1913,  or  a  year  be- 
fore the  war,  $25,348,626,  or  $2.76 
per  capita,  while  at  present  we  have 
in  circulation  $66,301,484,  or  $6.74  per 
capita.  Our  total  bonded  indebtedness 
amounts  only  to  $26,000,000,  of  whicn 
more  than  $4,000,000  has  already  been 
set  aside  to  pay  it. 

Taxation  in  the  Philippines  was 
$2.14  per  capita  in  1913  as  compared 
with  $2.68  per  capita  in  1917. 

The  Philippine  National  Bank  is 
an  incontrovertible  evidence  of  the 
great  financial  progress  of  the  coun- 
try. It  was  organized  with  resources 
amounting  to  $5,900,000  on  May  25, 
1916,  and  gradually  rose  to  $14,650,- 
000  on  July  15,  1916;  $25,350,000  on 
December  31,  1916;  $49,017,500  on 
June  30,  1917;  $69,138,000  on  Decem- 
ber 31,  1917 ;  $105,471,000  on  June  30, 
1918;  and  $124,399,039.04  on  Decem- 
ber 31,  1918. 

As  a  true  sign  of  the  notable  de- 
velopment which  up  to  this  time  has 
been  shown  in  the  commerce  of  our 
country  are  the  3,065  domestic  cor- 
porations and    partnerships    organized 


in  the  Islands  during  the  last  few 
years  with  a  capital  aggregating  452,- 
192,197.43  pesos,  not  to  mention  ninety- 
five  large  American  and  a  consider- 
able number  of  world-famed  foreign 
concerns  with  enormous  additional 
capital  also  having  agencies  and 
branches  in  the  Islands. 

The  imports  of  the  Philippines  in 
1918  amounted  to  197,198,423  pesos, 
of  which  59.7  per  cent,  consisting  prin- 
cipally of  cotton,  iron,  steel  and  oil, 
came  from  the  United  States.  The 
exports  for  the  same  year  amounted 
to  271,365,671  pesos,  of  which  66.1  per 
cent,  consisting  principally  of  copra, 
hemp,  and  sugar,  came  to  the  United 
States. 

Only  from  hemp,  copra  and  sugar, 
exported  from  the  Philippines  in  1917, 
the  United  States  received  82,338,515 
pesos. 

None  of  the  other  nations  in  the 
world  has  taken  of  the  foreign  trade 
of  the  Philippines  more  than  10  per 
cent,  but  the  United  States  alone 
took  63  per  cent. 

Trade    of    the    Orient 
Is  Going  to  New  York 

The  trade  of  the  Orient  now  shows 
a  tendency  to  go  by  your  doors  to 
New  York  and  other  eastern  ports. 
The  establishment  of  a  direct  service 
between  the  Pacific  Coast  ports  and 
Manila  will  to  a  large  extent  check 
this  and  do  much  toward  upbuilding 
the  industrial  fabric  and  commercial 
life  of  the  Pacific  slope.  From  my  ob- 
servations you  must  look  to  the  Ori- 
ental markets  for  your  markets  and 
raw  materials  since  you  are  not  ad- 
vantageously situated  to  compete  with 
the  manufacturing  centers  of  the  mid- 
dle west  and  Atlantic  Coast. 

In  seeking  a  firm  footing  in  the  Ori- 
ent the  good  will  of  the  Filipinos  is 
worth  your  careful  cultivation.  They 
have  proven  themselves  to  be  loyal 
and  friendly  to  American  enterprise 
and  can  be  relied  upon  to  do  their 
part  toward  the  establishment  of  this 
service. 

In  urging  the  establishment  of  the 
seventeen-day  express  service,  we  are 
not  asking  that  you  attempt  the  im- 
possible or  take  unprecedented  risks. 
The  vessels  need  to  maintain  an  aver- 
age of  sixteen  knots  only — whereas 
on  the  Atlantic  an  average  of  twenty 
knots  is  maintained  by  the  up-to-date 
ships. 

The  plan  should  be  viewed  from  a 
broader  standpoint  than  monetary 
profit.  It  should  rather  be  based  on 
the  mutual  regard  of  the  United  States 
and  the  Philippines;  to  be  adopted  as 
a  national  policy  for  the  expansion  of 
American  commerce  and  industry,  and 
the  development  of  the  Philippine  Isl- 
ands. 


Pan   Pacific 


We  Are  New  Comers  in  World  Trade— 


THIS  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  "Wake  'Em  Up"  edi- 
tions of  Pan  Pacific.  To  all  of  the  various  correspon- 
dents of  and  special  writers  for  this  magazine  throughout 
the  world  this  request  has  gone: 

"Give  us  the  plain,  unvarnished  facts  concerning  trade 
opportunities  and  requisites,  and  particularly  American 
trade  opportunities  and  requisites  in  the  part  of  the  world 
you  represent  or  write  about.  Do  not  present  only  the 
pleasant  side  if  there  is  another  side  that  would  do  us 
good  to  know.  If  American  trade  methods  are  not  what 
they  ought  to  be  to  meet  with  approval  in  your  country 
or  district  do  not  hesitate  to  say  so.  We  are  comparative 
new-comers  in  world  commerce  and  we  want  to  learn  so 
that  we  may  succeed.  If  there  is  just  criticism  of  Amer- 
ican quality,  of  American  delivery,  of  American  credits, 
or  of  anything  else  American  relating  to  foreign  trade 
please  make  sure  of  your  facts  and  then  send  us  the  par- 
ticulars as  completely  as  possible.  By  so  doing  you  will 
render  a  service  not  only  to  this  magazine,  but  to  the 
United  States." 

Practically  every  contributor  to  this  December  issue 
has  conformed  to  this  order,  with  the  result  that  there  is 
presented  herewith  a  series  of  "straight  talks"  to  Amer- 
ican manufacturers  and  exporters  such  as  has  appeared  in 
no  other  American  publication.  It  is  notable  and  fitting 
that  the  straightest  of  these  straight  talks  comes  from 
that  section  of  the  vast  Pan  Pacific  trade  realm  that 
American  business  men  know  least — the  Par  East. 

Thomas  Fox,  for  several  years  engaged  in  business  in 
Singapore,  Pan  Pacific  staff  correspondent  for  the  Straits 
Settlement  and  neighboring  territories,  in  sending  his  ex- 
cellent trade  survey  of  the  Par  East,  makes  this  personal 
comment  to  the  editor: 

"I  have  written  in  a  plain,  simple  way.  No  attempt 
has  been  made  to  touch  on  the  technical  side  of  the  Amer- 
ican trade  question.  All  I  have  set  out  to  do  is  to  explain 
some  of  the  things  that  strike  me  most  forcibly  from  the 
importer's  point  of  view. 

"First  of  all  the  American  manufacturer  will  have  to 
understand  that  conditions  abroad  are  different  to  those 
under  which  his  domestic  trade  is  conducted.  The  ques- 
tion of  packing  is  an  important  one,  and  should  never  be 
neglected.  If  for  special  packing  the  cost  is  slightly  higher 
pack  in  the  special  way  and  charge  the  difference.  The 
importer  will  be  thankful. 

"Regarding  finance,  I  do  not  pretend  to  be  a  financial 
expert,  and  I  leave  it  to  the  experts  to  devise  ways  and 
means  of  improving  the  present  system.  Merchants  here 
will  no  longer  agree  to  place  credits  at  your  end.  At  first 
they  may  agree  to  D/P  terms,  but  soon  they  will  ask  for 
30,  60  and  90  days  D/A  terms.  The  greatness  of  foreign 
trade  is  bound  up  in  this  question  of  credits.  The  Ger- 
mans realized  this  and  won  out.  Britain  has  also  realized 
it.  Is  America  to  realize  it?  If  not  she  will  be  tremend- 
ously handicapped." 


DOMINANCE  OF  THE  EAST 

A  NOTHER  timely  note  is  that  sounded  by  Guy  Man- 
*  *■  ners,  poet,  author,  globe-trotter,  foreign  trade  stu- 
dent and  Pacific  Coast  enthusiast.  To  break  away  from 
the-  domination  of  the  East,  he  truthfully  says,  is  the 
greatest  problem  confronting  this  Coast.  The  domination 
he  refers  to'partieularly  is  that  of  finance,  trade  and  poli- 
tics, an  Eastern  triumphirate  that  has  carried  Pacific  busi- 
ness straight  from  our  doors  to  the  clutching  maws  of 
New  York. 

"The  Pacific  Coast,"  says  Manners,  "has  for  too  long 
been  a  national  playground,"  and  he  would  convert  it 
into  a  national  workshop  wherein  would  be  fashioned  into 
exportable  form  the  natural  resources  with  which  we  are 
surrounded  and  of  which  we  make  such  indifferent  use. 

He  points  to  the  fact  that  half  the  world's  population 
— though  a  higher  estimate  has  been  given  in  these  columns 
— lies  in  an  unbroken  line  of  travel  just  over  the  horizon 
from  Pacific  Coast  ports,  while  behind  these  ports  is  an 
inland  empire  of  incalculable  riches  in  forests,  wheat  fields, 
cattle  ranches,  coal,  iron,  gold,  silver  and  copper  mines. 
The  inference  is  plain  and  the  logic  sound. 


FOREIGN  TRADE  CONVENTION 

SOME  three  thousand  merchants,  manufacturers  and  ex- 
porters are  expected  to  be  in  attendance  at  the  San 
Francisco  convention  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Coun- 
cil in  May,  1920.  It  will  afford  an  opportunity  the  Pacific 
Coast  may  never  again  have  in  so  fulsome  a  manner  to 
impress  upon  the  Big  Business  Men  of  this  country  the 
tremendous  possibilities  and  importance  of  the  commerce 
of  the  Pacific. 

It  will  afford  also  a  singularly  fitting  occasion  to  change 
the  so-called  back  door  of  the  United  States  into  the  front 
door  of  the  Pacific  and  to  open  it  wide  to  the  trade  of  53 
per  cent  of  the  human  race  who  live  on  the  shores  of  the 
Pacific.  Special  train  service  from  all  corners  of  the  na- 
tion and  special  ship  service  from  all  ports  on  the  Pacific 
to  the  convention  are  under  advisement.  If  ever  there 
be  an  occasion  when  all  San  Francisco  and  all  Pacific  Coast 
should  get  together  to  make  the  biggest  kind  of  a  success 
for  an  undertaking  in  which  the  whole  Coast  is  keenly  in- 
terested, the  Foreign  Trade  Convention  is  IT. 

An  augury  of  success  is  afforded  in  the  recent  confer- 
ence in  San  Francisco  of  representatives  of  commercial 
organizations  of  six  Pacific  Coast  ports,  when  plans  were 
perfected  for  a  joint  appeal  of  all  Pacific  Coast  interests 
for  the  allocation  of  more  ships  to  the  Pacific.  But  au- 
guries don't  always  augur  as  specified  unless  helped  along 
by  everyone  concerned.  And  every  adult  person  from  the 
Canadian  border  to  the  Mexican  line  should  be  concerned 
in  the  success  of  the  San  Francisco  convention. 


D 


bcr    19  19 


i  Want  to  Learn  That  We  May  Succeed 


UNITED  STATES -MEXICO  TRADE  CONFERENCE 

COMMERCE  between  the  United  States  and  Mexico  is 
increasing  despite  obstacles  more  fancied  than  real. 
In  1918  it  amounted  to  $245,613,991,  and  this  year  it  will 
be  much  greater.  As  this  commerce  grows,  trade  problems 
arise,  the  practical  and  immediate  solution  of  which  is  of 
vital  importance  if  the  United  States  is  to  hold  its  present 
trade  advantage  in  Mexico.  That  these  questions  may  be 
discussed  and  clarified  by  experts,  the  American  Chamber 
of  Commerce  of  Mexico  has  called  a  conference  of  all  in- 
terested exporters  and  importers,  manufacturei-s,  bankers 
and  merchants  in  the  rooms  of  the  Chamber  in  Mexico  City 
for  three  days  beginning  February  11,  1920. 

This  will  be  the  first  conference  of  the  kind  ever  held  in 
Mexico.  Two  sessions  will  be  held  each  day.  The  subjects 
to  be   discussed  will  be: 

1.  Mexican  sales  methods  and  distribution. 

2.  Mexican  agencies  and  representations. 

3.  Mexican  banking  facilities. 

4.  Mexican  credits. 

5.  Financing  the  exports  of  Mexico. 

6.  Shipping  and  packing  merchandise  for  Mexico. 

7.  Trade  marks  in  Mexico. 

The  proceedings  will  be  in  English,  but  the  report  of 
the  Conference  will  be  printed  in  both  English  and  Span- 
ish. The  American  Chamber  of  Commerce  urges  that 
every  bank  and  commercial  and  manufacturing  house'  in 
the  United  States,  trading  with  Mexico  or  intending  to 
enter  the  field,  will  send  one  of  its  officers  or  the  manager 
of  its  export  department  to  the  Conference.  Mexican  rep- 
resentatives of  American  houses  will  be  invited  to  the  Con- 
ference, but  they  see  the  problems  from  the  point  of  view 
of  the  Mexico  office,  and  it  is  desirable  that  the  point  of 
view  of  the  office  in  the  United  States  also  be  represented. 
Further  particulars  may  be  had  by  addressing  William  F. 
Saunders,  secretary  American  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Mex- 
ico City. 

CAPTAIN  DOLLAR  REVISES  HIS  VIEWS 

CAPTAIN  ROBERT  DOLLAR,  described  as  the  "Dean 
of  Pacific   Shipping,"   in   an   article   written   for  the 

merchant  marine  supplement  of  the  New  York  Herald  of 

November  12,  makes  this  observation : 

It  is  conceded  by  all  that  we  must  have  a  great 
deal  more  foreign  trade,  and  the  Far  East  is  by  far 
the  best  opportunity  that  Americans  have ;  there- 
fore, the  Pacific  trade  is  of  the  greatest  importance. 
Not  on  account  of  its  volume,  as  it  does  not  compare 
with  the  Atlantic,  but  the  difference  between  the  two 
oceans  today  is  that  the  Atlantic  trade  is,  or  was 
before  the  war,  about  developed  to  its  fullest  extent, 
whereas  the  Pacific  trade  is  in  its  infancy  and  is 
capable  of  indefinite  expansion.  Before  the  war 
steam  tonnage  engaged  in  this  trade  was  over  800,- 


000  gross  tons,  whereas  thirty-seven  years  ago  the 
tonnage  of  the  Pacific  Mail,  engaged  in  the  China 
trade,  was  only  four  steamers,  with  a  combined  ton- 
nage of  10,000  tons.  This  is  a  great  expansion,  but 
the  surface  has  only  been  scratched  and  no  man  can 
stretch  his  imagination  far  enough  to  prophesy  what 
the  next  thirty-seven  years  will  bring  forth. 

Not  many  months  ago,  at  a  mass  meeting  of  San  Fran- 
cisco exporters,  called  to  protest  to  the  United  States  Ship- 
ping Board  against  lack  of  ships  on  the  Pacific,  Captain 
Dollar  gave  expression  to  another  observation  at  variance 
with  his  written  statement  in  the  New  York  Herald.  On 
the  earlier  occasion  the  dean  of  Pacific  shipping  was  quoted 
as  saying  that  there  were  not  sufficient  cargoes  in  trans- 
Pacific  ports  to  make  it  worth  while  to  place  additional 
vessels  in  trans-Pacific  service.  The  meeting  was  attended 
by  John  H.  Rossetter,  then  representing  the  Shipping 
Board,  and  the  testimony  of  the  dean  was  believed  to  have 
had  great  weight  in  determining  the  policy  of  the  board 
on  the  Pacific.  But  in  the  interim  either  conditions  have 
changed,  or  Captain  Dollar's  views  have  changed,  for  in 
bis  Herald  article  he  says: 

There  is  a  great  diversity  of  products  being 
shipped  between  this  country  and  the  Orient.  On 
two  of  our  steamers  lately  there  were  two  hundred 
and  ninety-eight  commodities  shipped  from  America 
to  China  and  the  Philippine  Islands  and  homeward 
there  were  one  hundred  and  twenty-seven,  so  that 
there  are  very  few  people  in  this  country  who  are 
not  nov/  interested  in  this  great  trade,  and  as  true 
commerce  is  an  exchange  of  commodities  it  is  inter- 
esting to  know  that  the  ships  are  carrying  cargoes 
both  ways. 

It  will  be  noted  that  Captain  Dollar  now  finds  that 
ships  are  carrying  CARGOES  BOTH  WAYS,  so  that  the 
argument  so  strongly  put  up  for  more  ships  at  the  San 
Francisco  meeting  in  July  last  and  nullified  by  the  Cap- 
tain's statement  as  to  lack  of  return  cargoes,  should  hold 
good  NOW,  if  not  then.  The  Captain  has  some  revised 
views  on  ships  himself,  for  listen  to  his  Herald  story: 

We  now  come  to  consider  ships.  We  have  tried 
to  make  it  plain  that  we  must  have  foreign  trade, 
and  ships  are  an  important  and  necessary  adjunct 
to  the  successful  carrying  on  of  our  foreign  trade 
program.  The  best  example  we  have  is  that  Eng- 
land's commercial  greatness  depends  on  her  mer- 
chant marine. 

With  Captain  Dollar  at  last  on  their  side  those  who 
have  consistently  advocated  more  ships  on  the  Pacific 
should  be  within  striking  distance  of  victory.  Fo.r  surely 
it  could  not  be  that  the  apparent  revision  of  Captain  Dol- 
lar's views  has  been  prompted  by  the  transference  of  part 
of  the  Dollar  fleet  from  the  port  of  San  Francisco  to  the 
port  of  New  York! 


62 


Pan    Pacific 


Let  the  Only  Intervention  be  That 

OI    Making    FriendS— Urges  Lazaro  Basch  of  Mexico 


RECENTLY  there  have  been  print- 
ed a  number  of  newspaper  ar- 
ticles urging  American  intervention  in 
.Mexico.  The  subject  has  been  dis- 
cussed pro  and  con  by  men  of  intelli- 
gence— men  of  large  business  interests, 
who  were  exceedingly  broad-minded 
and  fair. 

To  satisfy  a  question  in  my  mind  as 
to  whether  or  not  intervention  is  fa- 
vored by  the  major  part  of  the  Amer- 
ican people,  I  have  lost  no  oppor- 
tunity to  discuss  the  subject  with 
persons  of  all  classes,  from  the  pluto- 
crat to  the  proletariat.  It  is  there- 
fore a  source  of  great  satisfaction  to 
me.  to  be  able  to  say  that  I  find  inter- 
vention is  NOT  favored  by  the  better 
element  of  the  American  people — that 
is  to  say,  by  that  class  who  concedes 
to  every  mortal  the  right  to  "Life, 
liberty  and  the  pursuit  of  happiness." 

Notably,  I  have  found  that  the 
working  class,  who  represent  the 
stamina  of  the  country,  repudiate  the 
idea  en  masse. 

Articles      Not      Backed 
By   Writers'   Signatures 

Many  of  the  press  articles  advocat- 
ing intervention  were  unsigned — ap- 
parently the  writers  did  not  have  suf- 
ficient courage  to  back  their  argu- 
ments with  signatures.  Or,  could  it 
be  that  the  writers  could  not  sign  the 
articles  for  the  writing  of  which  they 
were  generously  compensated,  because 
last  week  they  inadvertently  declared 
themselves  opposed  to  "one  country 
interfering  in  the  affairs  of  another," 
and  feared  lest  some  of  their  auditors 
might  read  the  contradictory  articles 
and  question  them  regarding  change 
of  views? 

Be  that  as  it  may,  I  have  discovered 
that  the  average  American  is  so  busy 
chasing  the  Almighty  and  Elusive 
Dollar  that  he  does  not  take  time  to 
study  both  sides  of  the  question  and 
then  draw  his  own  conclusions.  He 
sees  a  headline  loudly  proclaiming, 
"American  Held  For  Ransom  By 
Mexican  Bandits!"  and  he  concludes 
at  once  that  it  is  high  time  Uncle  Sam 
stepped  across  the  border  to  spank 
naughty   Mexico    into   submission. 

He  does  not  read  on  to  find  that  the 
report  is  as  yet  not  verified  nor  does 
he  observe  that  tomorrow  the  same 
report  is  denied.  Or,  he  hears  Mr. 
"A,"  who  is  very  prominent  in  his 
Club,  disparage  Mexico,  her  people, 
her  administration,  in  short  all  things 
Mexican,  and  he  immediately  decides 
to  sponsor  brilliant  Mr.  "A.'s"  con- 
tentions. In  other  words,  he  lets 
someone  else  think  for  him. 


LAZARO  BASCH 

Have  you  ever  observed  that  those 
who  cry  loudest  for  intervention  in 
Mexico  usually  have  business  interests 
there  that  they  imagine  would  profit 
greatly  by  American  governmental 
supervision?  They  surely  have  no  fine 
young  sons  who  would  be  called  upon 
to  sacrifice  their  splendid  lives  in  a 
cause  which  had  no  interest  for  them. 
Would  Sacrifice  Lives 
To    Clean    Up    Mexico 

These  patriotic  (?)  shouters  are 
very  anxious  to  sacrifice-  thousands  of 
precious  lives — not  their  own,  how- 
ever—in order  to  "cLean  up"  Mexico. 
True  they  declare  it  is  in  the  interest 
of  protecting  American  lives  in  Mex- 
ico, but  that  is  only  a  cloak  to  hide 
the  real  issue,  for  when  was  Capital 
concerned  with  sparing  lives  unless 
its  own  sordid  financial  interests  were 
involved? 

Furthermore,  such  Americans  as  re- 
main in  a  foreign  land  where  they 
may  develop  their  various  enterprises 
and  accumulate  fortunes  that  could 
not  be  made  in  their  own  country, 
are  usually  willing  to  aassume  what- 
ever risk  would  be  involved  in  so 
doing.  They  ask  no  protection  from 
the  country  they  have  abandoned  to 
seek  their  fortunes  in  another.  Why 
should  interventionists  be  so  con- 
cerned about  their  safety?  Not 
for  purely  humanitarian  motives  alone, 
surely ! 

Since  the  Mexican  Revolution  began 
in  the  year  1910,  more  than  twice  the 
number  of  Americans  who  have  lost 
their  lives  below  the  border  have  been 
lynched  north  of  the  Rio  Grande !  And 


what  of  the  race  riots  and  Southern 
lynchings? 

These,  it  seems,  would  indicate  that 
before  these  ardent  interventionists 
begin  to  "Clean-up  Mexico,"  they  had 
best  do  a  little  housecleaning  at  home. 
While  they  bewail  and  protest  the 
American  loss  of  lives,  and  quite 
rightly  so,  they  fail  to  mention  one 
word  regarding  the  number  of  Mexi- 
cans who  pay  the  supreme  penalty  in 
the  same  incidents.  In  behalf  of  these 
and  the  fact  that  Mexicans  as  a  class 
are  generally  discriminated  against  in 
the  United  States,  the  Mexican  Gov- 
ernment would  have  ample  cause  for 
intervention  in  this  country. 

Would   Mean   Big   Army 
of  Young  American  Men 

It  is  incomprehensible  to  me  that 
any  intelligent  person  can  even  for  a 
moment  entertain  the  thought  of  in- 
tervention in  Mexico.  In  such  a  fear- 
ful contingency  your  first  requisite 
would  be  an  immense  army  of  splen- 
did young  soldiers,  the  flower  of  the 
land.  The  American  boys  went  will- 
ingly and  gladly  across  the  Atlantic, 
where  many  thousands  of  them  made 
the  supreme  sacrifice  in  what  they 
felt  to  be  a  glorious  cause. 

But  how  about  sending  them  into 
Mexico,  and  the  cause  thereof?  They 
would  have  to  be  convinced  that  they 
were  not  merely  to  be  targets  for  the 
enemy's  cannon  in  order  to  protect 
the  rich  lands,  mines  and  oil  wells  of 
favored  property-holders.  Remember, 
the  boys  themselves  will  have  a  voice 
in  deciding  whether  or  not  the  cause 
is  just. 

You  who  advocate  intervention,  do 
you  realize  what  the  word  really 
means  when  applied  to  Mexico,  if — 
Heaven  forbid ! — such  a  monstrous 
thing  should  come  to  pass?  It  will 
mean  the  policing  of  800  miles  of  rail- 
road from  Laredo  to  Mexico  City,  as 
thickly  as  the  men  can  be  placed.  Or, 
from  El  Paso  to  Mexico  City,  1,600 
solid  miles  of  men  who  will  have  to  be 
relieved  by  an  equal  number.  Every 
railroad  in  Mexico  would  thus  require 
policing,  not  for  a  few  months  but  for 
all  time,  for  the  Mexican  is  never  sub- 
dued until  the  last  one  shall  have  been 
destroyed. 

Will  Not   Be   So   Simple 
As    Protection    of    Cuba 

You  may  think  the  subduing  of 
Mexico  would  be  as  simple  as  was  the 
placing  of  Cuba  under  American  pro- 
tection. In  the  latter  case  the  Cubans 
were  convinced  that  the  United  States 
intervened   to   protect  them  from  the 


December    19  19 


63 


American  Business  Asked  to  Help  Mexico  Help  Herself 


oppressor  and  consequently  were  pas- 
sively quiescent.  But  when  would  the 
Mexican  think  other  than  that  the 
"Colossus  of  the  North"  had  come  to 
rob  him  of  his  lands,  cattle  and  small 
holdings  ? 

Again,  consider  Mexico's  area  of 
767,000  square  miles  of  territory  as 
against  Cuba's  14,164,  and  the  form- 
er's last  census  of  15,000,000  inhabi- 
tants as  against  the  latter 's  3,400,000. 
In  respect  to  Mexico's  population,  her 
•official  15,000,000,  as  recorded  in  1910, 
by  no  means  represents  a  true  census 
of  her  inhabitants.  It  has  never  been 
possible  to  arrive  at  anything  like  a 
true  estimate  of  her  native  Indian 
population  because  of  the  natural 
aversion  of  the  race  to  all  things  of- 
ficial, dating  back  centuries  ago  when 
they  were  thus  arbitrarily  summoned 
to  military  service. 

This  traditional  dread  of  being 
drafted  to  fight  for  some  tyrant's  in- 
terests often  caused  them  to  flee  in 
entire  communities  upon  sight  of  an 
officer  of  any  kind.  For  this  reason  I 
am  positive  that  the  census  of  1920 
will  record  a  population  of  25,000,000 
or  possibly  30,000,000  of  fighters,  with 
which  you  have  to  deal.  I  say  fight- 
ers, for  Mexico  as  a  nation  would  re- 
sist intervention  to  the  very  last  man 
even  as  would  its  citizens  individually 
resist  interference  in  their  affairs, 
which  is  what  they  regard  intevention 
to  be.  And  these  fighters  would  be 
backed  by  their  women  and  children, 
who  would  follow  them  into  their 
military  camps  to  cook  for  them  and 
care  for  them  while  they  fought  the 
invader. 

Fighting   Spirit   Is    Born 
In  Every  Mexican  Breast 

The  fighting  spirit  of  the  Mexican  is 
so  inborn  that  at  the  very  mention  of 
"la  guerra"  (the  war)  he  is  ready  to 
shoulder  a  gun  and  do  battle.  This 
characteristic  the  Administration  knew 
very  well  when  it  maintained  neu- 
trality in  regard  to  the  European  war. 
Certain  South  American  republics,  it 
will  be  recalled,  expressed  themselves 
as  in  sympathy  with  the  cause  of  the 
Allies,  yet  did  not  send  a  single  man 
across  the  water  to  fight  for  that 
cause ! 

These  countries  were  content  to  sit 
back  and  be  Allies  in  Thought  Only. 
Not  so  the  Mexican.  Had  Mexico  de- 
clared itself  on  the  side  of  the  Allies, 
every  Mexican  would  have  been  so 
impatient  to  arm  himself  with  his 
trusty  rifle  and  be  off  to  the  scene  of 
the  combat,  there  would  have  been  no 
holding  them  back,  for  the  word  "la 
guerra"  is  meaningless  to  the  Mexican 
without  immediate  action. 

For  these  people  there  could  be  no 
other  explanation  of  intervention  than 
that  a  new  foe  were  coming  to  despoil 


them  even  as  they  have  been  exploited 
for  centuries.  Man  to  man  they  would 
wage  the  most  ceaseless  guerrilla  war- 
fare ever  known  in  the  annals  of  his- 
tory. The  American  offensive  army 
would  be  disastrously  handicapped  by 
unfamiliarity  with  the  country,  every 
nook  and  cranny  of  which  is  known 
instinctively  by  the  Mexican.  It  would 
be  a  long  and  pitiful  war,  fraught 
with  frightful  losses  to  both  nations. 

Eventually  the  United  States  might 
win — perhaps,  but  at  how  great  a  cost 
in  human  lives,  wildest  estimates  can- 
not tell,  while  the  loss  in  good  Amer- 
ican dollars — more  precious  to  many 
than  lives — would  be  incalculable. 
Even  if  the  Mexican  nation  should  be 
subdued,  the  ensuing  hatred  for  all 
Americans  would  never  die,  and  guer- 
rilla warfare  would  continue  as  long 
as  one  American  remained  in  Mexico ! 

Advocates  of  Intervention  are  care- 
ful never  to  mention  the  Treaty  of 
Guadalup  Hidalgo,  entered  into  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  Mexico 
at  the  close  of  the  Mexican  "War.  Per- 
haps they  do  not  know  that  by  its 
terms  each  country  agreed  to  submit 
to  arbitration  any  international  dis- 
pute that  might  arise  between  them. 
Mexico  and  all  other  Latin-American 
countries  expect  the  United  States  to 
honor  that  treaty,  and  should  it  fail 
to  do  so,  the  result  would  be  the  im- 
mediate loss  of  faith  of  not  only 
Mexico  but  every  other  country  south 
of  this,  in  the  Western  Hemisphere. 

If  this  loss  of  faith  were  the  only 

MEXICAN  ORDERS  FURNISH-" 
PROOF  OF  RETURNING 
PROSPERITY 

INCREASING  merchandise  orders  from 
Mexico  are  furnishing  concrete  proof  that 
conditions  in  the  southern  republic  are  fast 
becoming  stabilized,  despite  frequently  re- 
ported activities  of  bandits,  according  to 
Francisco  Gonzales,  in  charge  of  Mexican 
business  for  the  export  department  of  Mar- 
shall Field  &  Co.,  of  Chicago. 

"We  have  representatives  constantly  trav- 
eling in  Mexico,"  said  Mr.  Gonzales. 
"These  men  go  wherever  they  think  business 
is  likely  to  develop,  and  they  are  not  mo- 
lested. Our  sales  to  Mexico  have  been  stead- 
ily increasing  each  month  for  the  last  half 
year.  Moreover,  the  quality  of  goods  has 
been  growing  better,  and  this  is  a  sign  that 
the  Mexicans  are  having  more  money  at 
their  disposal. 

"Latin- Americans  being  a  luxury-loving 
people,  are  willing  to  pay  for  the  best 
grades  of  clothing,  shoes,  silverware,  house- 
hold goods  and  the  like.  A  valuable  field 
is  being  overlooked  by  American  manufactur- 
ers who  fail  to  concentrate  their  efforts  on 
the  Spanish-American  countries  as  a  market 
for  the  very  highest  grades  of  their  products. 

"In  Mexico  French  firms,  for  instance, 
are  selling  neckties  that  would  cost  $10  each 
in  United  States  currency.  Few  Americans 
would  buy  such  expensive  ties,  but  the  Mex- 
icans purchase  large  quantities  of  them. 
Shoe  manufacturers  here  know  well  that 
Mexicans  will  buy  the  highest  grades  of 
footwear  regardless  of  price,  if  only  the 
styles  are  those  prevailing  south  of  the  Eio 
Grande. 


resulting  evil  from  ruthless  breach 
of  treaty,  the  United  States  could 
not  afford  to  permit  such  a  condition 
to  arise.  But  from  a  material  stand- 
point it  would  mean  the  loss  of  the 
entire  Latin-American  trade,  for  not 
soon  would  they  again  have  confi- 
dence in  a  nation  who  regarded  an 
international  treaty  as  a  "scrap  of 
paper. ' ' 

And  what  of  business  enterprises 
that  depend  upon  Mexican  labor  for 
its  successful  continuance?  Perhaps 
the  Interventionists  have  not  consid- 
ered this  vital  point  or  if  they  have, 
they  possibly  had  in  mind  the  humble 
peon  of  yore  who  could  not  call  his 
soul  his  own,  instead  of  the  proud, 
unyielding,  determined  laborer,  firm 
in  the  conviction  that  his  eause  for 
hatred  was  justifiable. 

Spasmodic   Bandit   Raids 
Gradually    Petering    Out 

As  to  the  reputed  bandit  raids  and 
their  extent,  we  all  know  that  the 
wily  rebel  leader,  Zapata,  has  been 
removed  forever  and  recently  the  last 
handful  of  his  followers  paid  the 
penalty  to  the  state.  "Felixism," 
which  is  the  term  used  to  designate 
the  political  party  who  follow  the 
leadership  of  Felix  Diaz,  is  reduced 
to  a  harmless,  listless  element.  Even 
the  master  bandit,  Pancho  Villa,  is 
ready  to  sing  his  "swan  song."  It  can 
be  only  a  question  of  a  very  short 
time  when  all  these  spasmodic  erup- 
tions shall  have  subsided  and  law- 
lessness shall  be  no  more. 

I  have  tried  to  point  out  how  un- 
just is  the  cry  for  intervention,  how 
it  emanates  from  those  who  have  fi- 
nancial interests  at  stake  and  that  it 
by  no  means  represents  the  wishes 
of  the  better  class  of  Americans.  Now 
permit  me  to  suggest  a  much  better 
kind  of  intervention  than  what  is 
generally  understood  by  that  term.  I 
would  emphasize  the  words  of  that 
splendid  champion  of  liberty,  Dr. 
David  Starr  Jordan,  who  said,  apro- 
pos of  intervention  in  Mexico: 

"Let  the  only  intervention  be  that 
of  Making  Friends." 

Make  your  commercial  relations  so 
strong  that  no  interloper  can  step  in 
and  take  from  you  the  commerce  that 
should  be  yours.  Finance  the  indus- 
trial enterprises  that  have  long  re- 
mained dormant  for  lack  of  sufficient 
capital  to  operate  them  successfully. 
Take  advantage  of  the  wonderful  op- 
portunities offered  in  that  sister  re- 
public with  the  object  of  developing 
those  vast  resources  for  the  mutual 
good  of  the  country  and  yourself. 
Thus  you  will  prove  your  good  in- 
tentions, gain  the  confidence  and 
friendship  of  the  Mexican  people  and 
in  a  practical  way,  HELP  MEXICO 
TO  HELP  HERSELF. 


64 


Pan    Pacific 


Must  Answer  These  Questions  to  Win 

V^nmeSe   1  Hide  Says  Ralph  Dawson,  Vice-Pres.  Asiatic  Banking  Corp. 


BEFORE  the  United  States  can 
hope  to  secure  and  maintain  any 
degree  of  permanent  success  in  trad- 
ing with  China,  American  business  in- 
terests must  answer  —  and  answer 
"yes,"  as  the  British  did  long  ago — 
to  these  three  major  questions: 

(1)  Are  we  willing  to  go  into  China 
to  stay  j  to  live  with  the  Chinese,  to 
adapt  ourselves  to  their  customs,  their 
language,  their  trade  requirements, 
their  viewpoint? 

(2)  Do  we  possess,  or  are  we  able 
to  command,  financial  resources  that 
will  enable  us  to  meet  the  credit  needs 
of  our  Chinese  customers;  resources 
sufficient  to  take  care  of  not  only  long- 
term  credits,  but  also,  in  some  cases, 
of  some  rather  curious  financial  ar- 
rangements ? 

(3)  Are  we  prepared  to   build   up  , 
our    own    organizations;    slowly,    but 
surely  with  the  right  kind  of  Ameri- 
can timber? 

When  we  can  say  "yes"  to  those 
three  questions,  and  go  ahead  and  live 
up  to  that  decision,  then  we  may  con- 
sider that  we  have  started  on  a  jour- 
ney that  will  lead  us  somewhere. 
Should  Set  Policy 
And  Live   Up   To   It 

The  trouble  with  the  large  majority 
of  American  traders  who  have  entered 
the  Chinese  market  is  that  they  have 
not  regarded  the  proposition  as  a  per- 
manent and  lasting  one,  susceptible  of 
rich  rewards.  What  we  Americans 
should  do  is  to  lay  out  a  set  policy  for 
ourselves,  and  then  go  into  the  field 
in  China  with  a  determination  to  stay 
there  for  good  and  to  make  friends  of 
the  Chinese  merchants  and  manufac- 
turers. 

It  is  a  fact,  that,  of  all  the  foreign- 
ers who  are  doing  business  in  China, 
Americans  are  best  liked  by  the  na- 
tives; they  not  only  have  the  good- 
will of  the  Chinese,  but  there  exists 
an  unmistakable  bond  of  real  friend- 
ship and  affection  on  the  part  of  the 
Chinese  business  men.  With  this  ini- 
tial advantage,  it  is  curious  that  Amer- 
icans haven't  made  more  of  their  op- 
portunities across  the  Pacific;  but  one 
of  the  main  drawbacks,  is  the  failure 
of  American  traders  to  regard  China's 
business  as  one  that  constitutes  a  life 
work. 

We  must  go  over  prepared  to  stay ; 
to  associate  with  the  Chinese  and  get 
an  insight  into  their  character ;  to  ad- 
just ourselves  to  the  customs — both 
business  and  social — of  the  Orient ;  to 
learn  thoroughly  the  trade  require- 
ments of  the  Chinese  merchant  and  to 
fulfill    them,    as    other    nations    have 


done.  The  Chinese  viewpoint,  we  must 
remember,  is  in  many  ways  the  oppo- 
site of  our  own,  but  the  sooner  we 
learn  to  submerge  our  own  ideas, 
where  necessary,  and  mould  our  minds 
to  the  mental  workings  of  the  Chinese 
merchant,  the  sooner  shall  we  cateh 
up  with  the  rewards  that  are  waiting 
for  us. 

We  should  rid  ourselves  as  quickly 
as  possible  of  the  notion  that  success 
in  the  Chinese  market  can  be  atained 
by  merely  touching  it,  skimming  the 
profits,  and  then  leaving  the  field  till 
other  good  opportunities  arise.  The 
British  have  shown  us  that  this  can't 
be  done — and  the  success  of  Great 
Britain  in  China  is  living  proof  that 
their  long-pull  policy  is  the  only  course 
that  will  work  out  successfully  in 
China. 


Ralph  Dawson  recently  returned 
from  China,  where  he  made  a  study  of 
economic,  Industrial  and  financial  con- 
ditions in  the  Far  East  insofar  as 
they  affect  American  trading  relations. 
He  selected  the  locations  for,  and  su- 
pervised the  opening  of,  branches  ot 
the  Asia  Banking  Corporation — which 
was  inaugurated  by  the  Guaranty  Trust 
Company  of  New  York  and  a  group  of 
leading  financial  institutions  through- 
out the  country — in  Shanghai,  Hankow, 
Peking,  Tientsin,  Hongkong,  Canton, 
and  Manila. 


In  the  matter  of  credits  and  other  fi- 
nancial arrangements  peculiar  to  trad- 
ing with  China,  the  United  States  oaq 
not  yet  struck  its  stride.  Permanent 
success  in  this  field  is  dependent  large- 
ly upon  our  willingness  and  ability  to 
extend  credits  to  merchants  and  manu- 
facturers; frequently  these  credits  are 
of  such  a  nature  that  the  moral  Stand- 
ing of  the  buyer  forms  the  only  col- 
lateral, but  through  the  workings  of 
the  compradore  system,  or  through  the 
information  at  the  command  of  the 
seller,  the  risk  is  reduced  to  a  mini- 
mum but  in  any  event  the  standard 
of  Chinese  business  morality  is  high. 

The  extension  of  credit  to  Chinese 
purchasers  will  have  to  arise  out  of 
the  resources  of  American  exporters 
per  se,  or  from  the  facilities  which 
large  banking  institutions,  or  financial 
organizations,  in  the  United  States  are 
willing  to  extend.  The  strength  of 
British  trade  in  the  Orient  is  a  result, 
in  large  part,  of  the  backing  which 
British  firms  are  enabled  to  secure 
?rom  British  banks.  Of  course,  Eng- 
land has  had  a  long  experience  in  this 
sort  of  thing,  but  we  ought  to  capital- 
ize on  this  experience  and  realize  that 
if  we  are  not  willing  and  able  to  ex- 
tend to  Chinese  merchants  and  manu- 


facturers, sufficient  credit  for  them  to 
carry  on  their  business,  purchases  of 
American  goods  in  China  will  never 
reach  any  great  total. 

The  Foreign  Credit  Corporation, 
which  was  recently  organized  in  New 
York,  and  other  American  institutions 
of  like  character,  should  prove  of' 
great  value  in  trade  with  China,  be- 
cause of  the  facilities  they  possess  to 
render  aid  to  American  exporters  and 
importers. 

Selling        Organization 
Of   Utmost   Importance 

As  regards  the  selling  policy  of 
American  exporters,  I  should  say  that, 
generally  speaking,  the  establishing 
and  operating  of  one's  own  organiza- 
tion offers  the  greatest  promise  of  sub- 
stantial success  in  the  Chinese  field.  In 
fact,  all  the  outstanding  successes 
among  foreign  concerns  in  China  have 
pursued  this  policy.  It  is  a  mistaken 
idea  that  only  big  firms  can  afford 
to  have  their  own  selling  organizations 
in  China. 

The  thing  to  do  is  to  make  a  start 
toward  the  establishment  of  a  selling 
organization.  It  shouldn't  matter  that 
the  start  be  small  and  the  growth  slow ; 
remember  that  this  big,  rich  Chinese 
market  cannot  be  rushed,  any  more 
than  one  can  hurry  along  a  huge  ice- 
berg. 

Select  a  man  with  a  good  personal- 
ity, and  preferably  a  man  who  has  had 
experience  in  the  Chinese  market.  Let 
this  man  form  the  basis  of  your  organ- 
ization in  the  Orient ;  let  him  be  of 
the  type  that  prefers  slow,  but  sure, 
growth  to  meteoric,  but  uncertain  suc- 
cess. Such  a  man  will  automatically 
build  up  his  selling  organization  with 
men  who  will  carry  out  his  ideas. 

From  my  own  experience,  I  should 
say  that  the  finest  selling  organiza- 
tions in  Chin?.,  in  the  future,  can  be 
formed  out  of  the  youth  of  America — 
alert,  sturdy,  courageous  young  men, 
with  vision,  intelligence  and  the  high- 
est degree  of  stick-to-it-iveness. 

The  reason  why  one's  own  organiza- 
tion in  China  is  the  most  successful 
is  because  the  business  is  always  under 
one's  own  control.  A  foreign  selling 
agency,  whatever  its  loyalty,  may  pos- 
sibly give  the  preference  in  new  busi- 
ness, to  one  of  its  own  countrymen. 
With  your  own  organization,  you  con- 
trol your  own  business,  always,  and 
furthermore,  gain  your  own  valuable 
experience  as  you  go  along,  instead 
of  leaving  everything  to  the  agent, 
and  so  remaining  relatively  ignorant 
of  Chinese  business  practice,  even  af- 
ter years  of  selling  them  your  goods. 


December    19  19 


65 


Hands  Off  the  Australian  Pacific,  Monroe 

DOCtrine  Of  Far  SOUth-Writes  Premier  Hughi 


AMONGST  the  many  great  ques- 
tions with  which  the  Peace  Con- 
ference has  dealt,  the  control  of  the 
islands  in  the  Pacific,  formerly  held 
by  Germany,  was  one  hardly  less  im- 
portant to  America  than  to  Australia 
and  New  Zealand.  Indeed,  the  inter- 
ests of  many  of  the  great  nations  of 
the  world — their  national  no  less  than 
their  economic  interests — were  deeply 
concerned. 

Australia,  regarded  by  many  as  at 
the  end  of  the  earth,  a  place  remote 
from  the  great  world,  is  revealed  now 
to  be,  in  fact,  in  the  very  gates  of  the 
teeming  millions  of  the  East.  So  far 
from  being  isolated  from  the  world,  it 
is  in  its  very  midst.  And  Australia  is 
a  continent,  rich,  fertile,  and  with 
genial  climate — a  land  capable  of 
maintaining  with  ease  100,000,000  peo- 
ple, yet  containing  little  more  than 
o.000,*000. 

The  great  Pacific  question  not  only 
involved  the  destiny  of  Australasia 
and  of  the  Empire,  but  is  destined  to 
plan  an  important  part  in  the  world 
events  of  the  future.  For  the  moment 
I  want  to  refer  to  those  islands  which, 
before  the  war,  were  held  by  Germany, 
and  which  have  now  been  taken  from 
her. 

How    Australia    Stands 
On      Pacific      Question 

My  present  purpose  is  to  set  out  the 
position  in  which  Australia,  one  of  the 
Dominions  which  fought  side  by  side 
with  America  for  freedom  and  civiliza- 
tion, found  itself  in  regard  to  the  Pa- 
cific question.  The  policy  of  Australia 
shortly  stated  was  that  it  dare  not 
assent  to  the  islands  formerly  owned 
by  Germany  in  the  Pacific  being  hand- 
ed back  after  the  war. 

The  reasons  underlying  this  policy 
were  not  desire  for  territorial  aggran- 
dizement, for  in  the  wide  and  fer- 
lile  land  that  is  ours  we  have  a  heri- 
tage capable,  as  I  have  said,  of  main- 
taining a  population  twenty  times  as 
large  as  that  which  now  occupies  it. 
We  did  not  want  more  territory,  but 
simply  to  have  what  we  hold. 

And  it  is  because  of  this,  because  of 
Germany's  ambition,  because  of  her 
lust  for  world  power,  which  threatened 
us  alike  with  the  rest  of  the  civilized 
world,  that  our  soldiers  fought  and 
that  nearly  50,000  laid  down  their 
lives. 

Let  us  make  the  position  clear:  Aus- 
tralia is  a  great  island.  All  our  com- 
mercial pathways  lie  along  the  mighty 
deep.  The  freedom  of  those  pathways 
is  essentia]  to  our  safety  and  our  wel- 
fare.    In  peace  through  them  we  are 


accessible,  and  we  may  reach  the  outer 
world ;  but  in  war  we  may  be  isolated. 
Along  the  northern  and  eastern  shores 
of  our  country  are  three  belts  of 
islands  stretched  like  a  barrier  across 
the  routes  to  other  islands.  He  who 
holds  these  islands  commands  routes, 
and  he  who  commands  these  routes 
commands  Australia.  There  are  hun- 
dreds of  these  islands,  and  the  terri- 
tory they  aggregate  is  considerable. 
German  Possessions 
Have  Fine  Harbors 
Before  the  war  Germany  had  se- 
cured a  footing  in  these  belts  of 
islands — at  German  New  Guinea  and 
New  Briton,  at  the  Caroline  and  Mar- 
shall islands,  and  at  Samoa.  It  so  hap- 
pens that  these  recent  German  posses- 
sions contain  more  than  half  the  na- 
tive population  of  the  Pacific  islands. 


Eight  Hon.  William  Morris  Hughes, 
prime  minister  of  Australia,  in  the  ac- 
companying article,  sets  forth  clearly 
and  convincingly  the  positon  of  the 
southern  continent  in  relation  to  the 
islands  in  the  Pacific  formerly  held  by 
Germany.  He  shows  that  this  question 
of  control  affects  American  interests 
hardly  less  than  those  of  Australia  and 
New  Zealand. 


Of  a  total  estimated  population  of 
1,500,000  for  the  whole  of  the  Pacific 
islands,  the  German  islands  are  set 
down  as  containing  more  than  800,000. 

Now  these  late  German  possessions 
contain  not  a  few,  but  many  fine  har- 
bors; they  possess  great  potentialities 
of  trade.  Germany,  following  that  pol- 
icy of  "peaceful  penetration"  which  in 
other  spheres  proved  so  successful, 
had  before  the  war  sown  the  seeds  of 
a  great  empire  in  the  Pacific.  She 
had  established  naval  bases  and  wire- 
less stations,  had  succeeded  in  almost 
monopolizing  the  island  trade,  and  was 
extending  her  influence  in  every  direc- 
tion. There  is  not  the  slightest  doubt 
that  a  few  more  years  would  have 
seen  Germany  backed  by  a  huge  Ger- 
man navy  seeking  to  control  the  Pa- 
cific. 

In  order  that  Australians  might  hold 
Australia,  in  order  that  our  young 
democracy  might  develop  the  great 
heritage  which  its  soldiers  have  so 
valiantly  defended,  it  was  necessary 
that  these  islands  that  stretch  along 
our  shores  should  not  pass  to  a  preda- 
tory power.  In  other  words,  we  stand 
committed  to  a  policy  of  an  Australian 
Monroe  Doctrine  in  the  Southern  Pa- 
cific. 

Let  me  try  and  set  out  the  position 
so  that  you  may  understand  it  a  little 


ies 


more  clearly.  What  Calais  and  Bou- 
logne are  to  England,  what  Canada 
is  to  America,  New  Guinea  and  the 
other  islands  are  to  Australia.  In  the 
hands  of  a  strong  predatory  pow^r 
they  are  daggers  pointed  at  our 
hearts. 

Closer    To    Mainland 
Than     Island     State 

Of  the  hundreds  of  islands  that  com- 
pose the  Pacific,  New  Guinea  is  by 
far  the  largest,  and  it  is  separated 
only  by  a  narrow  strip  of  water  from 
the  mainland  of  Australia.  It  is  in- 
deed much  nearer  Australia  than  the 
island  state  of  the  Commonwealth — 
Tasmania.  In  itself  it  is  a  valuable 
possession.  It  has  an  area  of  330,000 
square  miles — three  times  the  area  of 
the  whole  United  Kingdom,  and  very 
much  greater  than  France  or  Germany. 
It  is  rich  and  fertile;  capable  of  great 
development.  But  it  is  more  than  that. 
It  is  indeed  the  very  gateway  into 
Australia.  If  Germany  with  her  mili- 
tary power  unbroken,  her  lust  of  em- 
pire unslaked,  still  was  possessed  of 
her  great  territory  in  New  Guinea, 
she  would  command  the  entrance  to 
our  country. 

But  there  was  a  deeper  question 
still.  The  Pacific,  as  I  have  said,  is 
going  to  be  the  scene  of  many  inter- 
esting national  complications,  and 
many  racial  problems.  Unless  peo- 
ple with  great  ideals,  with  a  love  of 
freedom,  and  ample  regard  for  civili- 
zation, become  at  once  responsible  for 
its  administration,  it  may  yet  lead  to 
a  greater  war  than  that  which  has 
just  closed.  These  qualities  are  only 
found  in  the  truly  democratic  nations 
of  the  earth.  They  are  not  found  in 
Germany,  as  lately  constituted — or  as 
at   least  she  .probably  still   remains. 

"Hands  off  the  Australian  Pa- 
cific" is  the  doctrine  to  which  by  in: 
exorable  circumstances  we  are  commit- 
ted. And  against  all  predatory  na- 
tions we  shall  strive  to  give  this  doc- 
trine effect  to  the  last  ounce  of  effort 
at  our  disposal.  And  in  this,  as  I 
have  said, '  we  do  not  desire  empire, 
but    only   security. 

We  always  knew  that  the  policy  car- 
ried with  it  great  and  grave  responsi- 
bilities, for  it  definitely  set  aside  all 
considerations  of  an  inconclusive 
peace.  It  meant,  in  short,  that  we 
always  felt  that  we  had  to  fight  on  to 
definite  victory.  Well,  we  in  Austra- 
lia were  prepared,  nay  determined,  so 
to  fight;  for  we  realized  that  only 
through  the  gate  of  decisive  victory 
could  we  enter  into  the  realms  of  last- 
ing peace. 


66 


Pan    Pacific 


More  Food 

World  Cry 

U.  S.  Ready 


'  I  ''HE  peoples  of  the  Earth  are  cry- 
-*■  ing  for  food  and  it  will  be  years 
before  the  normal  supply  is  restored. 
Europe  has  lost  millions  of  men  and 
vast  areas  of  productive  lands  have 
been  laid  waste. 

All  nations  look  to  North  America 
for  food,  and  will  continue  to  draw 
heavily  upon  American  production  for 
years. 

Progressive  farmers  are  wisely  pre- 
paring for  increased  production,  even 
with  the  present  shortage  of  man 
power,  by  adopting  modern  methods 
such  as  formerly  unknown  in  the  old 
world.  It  is  therefore  a  time  of  great 
opportunity  for  the  farmer. 

Whereas  maximum  production  was 
a  patriotic  duty  during  the  war, 
farming  now  enters  the  great  indus- 
trial era,  and  each  farmer  in  the  op- 
eration of  his  farm  should  feel  that 
he  is  a  real  factor  in  the  expanded 
commercial   life   of  the   country. 

To  successfully  compete,  modern 
methods  must  be  employed.  Machin- 
ery must  be  made  to  do  the  largest 
part  of  the  work.  Farms  must  be 
run  with  the  same  efficiency  as  fac- 
tories, for  'in  reality  the  farmer  is  a 
manufacturer. 

The  unusual  demands  of  these  few 
years  of  war  have  given  a  tremendous 
impetus  to  the  power  farming  indus- 
try, and  never  in  past  history  has  ma- 
chinery played  so  important  a  part  in 
producing  food. 

Since   the   first   Case   threshing   ma- 
chine was  built  in  1842,  the  J.  I.  Case 
Threshing     Machine      Company      has 
passed  through  many  abnormal  periods 
but   its   war-time   record-  has   exceeded 


CASE  TRACTOR   AND  THRESHER    IN   OPERATION 


all  previous  performances.  Six  great 
nations  have  used  Case  tractors  for 
war-time  agricultural  work  and  it  has 
been  necessary  to  increase  manufactur- 
ing facilities  until  today  the  Case  fac- 
tory properties  cover  140  acres  of 
ground  in  Racine,  "Wis.  Four  thou- 
sand employees  are  engaged  in  the  pro- 
duction of  Case  machinery. 

Successful  power  farming  machinery 
must  be  carefully  designed  and  built 
of  the  best  materials.  The  Case  line 
of  kerosene  tractors  is  last  word 
in  automotive  farm  power.  In  this 
field  the  Case  company  has  been 
working  for  27  years. 


INTERNATIONAL  PURCHASING 
BUREAU 

The  International  Purchasing  Bureau,  with 
offices  at  203  East  Fifteenth  Street,  New 
York,  is  rapidly  expanding  its  overseas  trade. 
This  concern  is  exporting  agent  for  several 
American  manufacturing  plants  of  interna- 
tional repute,  for  the  products  of  which 
it  is  developing  markets  abroad.  Financially 
it  is  in  a  position  to  grant  the  necessary 
credits. 

Two  of  the  articles  for  which  the  Inter- 
national Purchasing  Bureau  is  finding  in- 
creased export  demand  are  the  International 
Motor  Rack  and  the  Little  Giant  Stump 
Puller.      The    former    is   built    to    handle   anv 


motor  from  that  in  the  smallest  passenger 
car  to  the  largest  truck,  aeroplane  or  trac- 
tor motor.  It  promises  to  be  a  boon  to  the 
shop  foreman,  engineer,  mechanic,  motorist 
and  garage  man. 

The  merits  of  the  Little  Giant  are  al- 
ready well  known  to  readers  of  this  maga- 
zine. The  bureau  maintains  a  permanent 
exhibit  at  the  International  Machinery  Ex- 
position in  the  Grand  Central  Palace,  Now 
^  ork,  to  which  visitors  to  that  citv  are  in- 
\  ited. 


SAN    FRANCISCO    CONCERN 

SUPPLIES   KOLCHAK   ARMY 

A  well-known  San  Francisco  exporting, 
importing  and  manufacturing  firm  has  sup- 
plied the  Kolchak  army  with  uniforms.  The 
firm  is  that  of  G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons,  with 
offices  also  in  Tientsin,  Harbin,  Dairen,  Via 
divostok  and  New  York.  It  is  now  filling 
a  contract  for  the  Kolchak  Provisional  Si- 
berian Government  and  has  supplied  more 
than    1,000,000   uniforms. 

This  house  has  been  established  in  China 
and  Manchuria  for  ten  years.  It  manufac- 
tures tallow,  candle  and  soap,  with  factories 
in  Tientsin  and  Harbin,  maintains  a  slaugh- 
ter house  in  Tientsin  and  a  flour  mill  in 
Hailar,  Manchuria. 

The  Steinberg  firm  recently  has  removed 
its  San  Francisco  offices  to  more  commdious 
quarters  in  the  Newhall  Building,  at  260 
California  street. 


TRACTOR    HAULING    GOODS   TO    MARKET 


LOS   ANGELES   C.   OF    C.    CHANGE 

An  important  change  in  the  personnel  of 
the  Los  Angeles  Chamber  of  Commerce  is 
the  resignation  of  George  B.  Carpenter  as 
secretary  of  the  department  of  foreign  trade 
and  the  securing  of  the  services  of  William 
Dunkerley  in  that   capacity. 

Mr.  Dunkerley  was  the  organizer  and  first 
secretary  of  the  foreign  trade  department, 
serving  as  its  director  for  more  than  four 
years  and  leaving  it  in  October,  1917,  to 
assume  charge  of  the  work  of  the  War 
Trade  Board  in  Southern  California,  where 
he  served  with  marked  success  until  Janu- 
ary, 1919.  He  then  became  a  member  of 
the  firm  of  Fatman  and  Dunkerley,  engaged 
in  the  export  and  import  business,  which 
connection  he  has  now  severed  to  re-enter 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce  work. 

On  account  of  his  long  experience  and 
thorough  knowledge  of  the  duties  of  his  po- 
sition, Mr.  Dunkerley  is  certain  to  prove  a 
distinct  acquisition  to  the  Chamber  staff. 
The  retiring  secretary,  Mr.  Carpenter,  car- 
ries with  him  the  friendship  and  admiration 
of  a  host  of  well  wishers. 


December    19/9 


67 


Big  Store 

of  Ceylon 
Buys  Here 


I 


By  H.  M.   DIAS 

HAVE  much  pleasure 
in  directing  the  atten- 
tion of  American  manu- 
facturers and  exporters 
of  drapery,  millinery,  ho- 
siery, haberdashery,  per- 
fumery, jewelry,  E.  P. 
ware,  fancy  goods,  leath- 
er goods  and  all  other 
allied  articles  to  the  ad- 
vertisement appearing  in 
this  issue  of  the  biggest 
Eastern  Store  in  the 
H.  M.  Dla»  Island  of   Ceylon. 

Ceylon  merchants  of  these  lines,  except  a 
few  European  and  Japanese  houses,  have 
never  been  direct  importers  of  these  goods. 
Before  the  war,  these  firms  imported  manu- 
factured articles  from  Europe,  through  Ger- 
man and  English  importing  houses  in  Colom- 
bo. But  when  war  broke  out  the  supplies 
from  Europe  practically  ceased  and  these 
merchants  had  to  turn  their  attention  to 
America  and  Japan  for  their  requirements, 
through    indent   houses  here. 

The  reason  these  merchants  import  through 
indent  houses  is  because  they  do  not  want 
to  take  the  risk  of  bad  delivery.  When 
they  place  orders  through  indent  houses 
the  latter  are  responsible  for  delivery. 
It  often  happens  that  exporters  in  Amer- 
ica and  Japan,  especially,  send  shipments 
quite  contrary  to  samples  sold,  as  to  color, 
quality  and  pattern  and  in  such  cases  the 
merchants  refuse  acceptance  and  the  indent 
houses  make  settlement  fully  indemnifying 
"the  merchants.  Should  the  merchants  im- 
port the  goods  direct  and  the  shipment 
turned  out  "rotten"  after  opening  the  pack 
ages  they  find  it  very  difficult  to  convince 
the  exporter  as  to  the  fact.  In  many  cases 
they  are  not  compensated  at  all.  It  is  a 
pity  that  some  unscrupulous  shippers  have 
disappointed  most  of  these  merchants  in  their 
first  business,  hence  the  latter  do  not  believe 
in  direct  business  in  these  lines. 

England  is  now  trying  to  regain  her  lost 
trade  and  secure  Germany's  too,  and  he» 
leading  manufacturing  firms  are  sending  out 
their  representatives,  who  are  offering  to 
loeal  merchants  pre-war  facilities.  In  spite 
of  better  facilities  offered  by  British  firms, 
the  proprietor  of  this  developing  establish- 
ment desires  to  import  American  made  goods, 
direct  from  manufacturers;  having  derived 
benefits  during  the  war  out  of  the  Ameri- 
can made  goods,  imported  through  the  Euro- 
pean indent  houses  in  Colombo.  Now  they 
wish  to  do  away  with  middlemen  and  have 
direct  dealings  with  American  manufactur- 
ers and  exporters,  as  Mr.  Fernando,  being  a 
thorough  business  man  realizes  the  advant- 
ages  of   direct   intercourse. 

The  business  advertised  was  purchased  by 
the  present  owner,  M.  Jos.  Fernando  Victoria, 
in  the  year  1906.  Under  this  ownership  the 
business  has  thrived  and  anyone  entering 
the  establishment  today  would  realize  it  at 
the  first  glance.  Extensive  improvements 
have  been  made  in  the  premises,  while  busi- 
ness  has   greatly   increased. 

This  establishment  occupies  spacious  prem- 
ises, facing  two  of  the  important  streets  in 
Pettah — The  Shopping  Center — of  Colombo. 
The  show  rooms  extend  from  Main  Street  to 
Keyzer  Street.  It  is  the  largest  establish- 
ment of  its  kind  in  the  Island. 


This  establishment  is  patronized  by  all  the 
communities  in  the  Island  in  and  out  of  Co- 
lombo and  among  whom  are  those  from  the 
Queen's  house.  Gentlemen's  and  ladies' 
tailoring  departments  are  under  trained 
staffs  which  include  expert  cutters,  who  give 
every  satisfaction   to   numerous   customers. 

Mr.  Fernando  is  contemplating  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  strong  general  import  and  ex- 
port department.  He  is  a  keen  business 
man,  a  social  friend  of  the  rich  and  a  sym- 
pathizer of  the  poor.  He  is  also  a  loyal 
British  subject  and  his  was  the  only  estab- 
lishment in  Colombo  which  was  honored  by 
a  salute  from  His  Majesty,  the  King,  when 
he  was  driving  through  Main  Street,  during 
liis  visit  to  Ceylon  as  Prince  of  Wales. 


Expansion 

of  Coast 
Shipping  Firm 


A    SIBERIAN    TRADE    VIEW 

A  CONSISTENT  trade  with  the  h> 
*  ■•  terior  of  Siberia  is  impossible  at 
present,  and  will  be  until  such  time 
as  stable  government  has  been  estab- 
lished, is  the  declaration  of  Francis 
D.  Vermundaki,  a  financial  man  who 
spent  several  years  in  that  country, 
upon  his  arrival  at  Vancouver,  B.  C. 
Mr.  Vermundaki  lived  at  Harbin,  to 
which  place  he  was  sent  by  European 
financial   agents. 

He  is  enthusiastic  over  the  potential 
wealth  of  Siberia,  declaring  that  from 
the  Ural  Mountains  to  the  sea  the 
country  is  a  veritable  storehouse  of 
Nature's  treasures.  In  minerals,  timb- 
ers, furs,  and  agricultural  resources, 
Siberia  is  wealthy  beyond  computa- 
tion, he  says,  but  at  present  it  is  im- 
practicable to  carry  on  business  in 
the  interior. 

The  people  of  the  country  are  suspi- 
cious of  all  foreigners,  and  particu- 
larly of  the  Americans  and  French,  he 
declares.  British  traders  are  viewed 
with  greater  confidence  than  any  oth- 
ers, owing  to  their  direct  business 
methods. 

"They  look  upon  Americans  as  be- 
ing anxious  to  gobble  up  the  resources 
of  the  country,  and  rob  them  of  their 
natural  wealth  and  industries,"  he 
explained.  "Of  course  this  is  ab- 
surd, but  still  it  is  a  fact.  It  would 
be  impossible  for  any  commercial 
group  from  any  country  to  gobble  up 
the  resources  of  that  country;  they 
are  too  vast.  The  coal  deposits  of  Si- 
beria alone  are  so  tremendous  that 
they  could  supply  the  whole  of  the 
requirements  of  Europe  and  a  large 
portion  of  America  as  well. 

"The  people  of  Siberia,"  continued 
Mr.  Vermundaki,  in  discussing  the  sub- 
ject with  Pan-Pacic,  "must  be  educated 
to  a  realization  that  the  development  of 
their  natural  resources  means  the  eco- 
nomic advancement  of  their  country 
and  wealth  and  prosperity  to  them  in- 
dividually. ' ' 

The  natural  markets  for  the  prod- 
ucts of  the  great  dominion,  he  is  con- 
vinced, will  eventually  be  found  in 
Canada  and  the  United  States. 


THE  UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  &  TRAD- 
ING COMPANY  of  Seattle,  with  head- 
quarters in  the  Alaska  Building,  has  made 
such  rapid  strides  during  the  year  that  it  is 
now  credited  with  being  one  of  the  leading 
firms  of  charterers  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 

The  president  and  general  manager,  Ha- 
kon  H.  Hammer  is  well  known  as  a  ship- 
ping expert  and  his  genial  manner  and 
ready  wit  has  made  for  him  many  friends 
on  this  coast.  His  early  shipping  experi- 
ence was  gained  in  Denmark  and  from  there 
he  went  to  England  and  later  to  Holland 
and  in  these  countries  he  studied  shipping 
in  all  its  branches.  Attracted  by  the  possi- 
bilities in  America  he  incorporated  the  Uni- 
versal Shipping  &  Trading  Company  with 
head  offices  in  Seattle,  but  on  account  of 
business  developments  in  New  York  he  has 
taken  charge  of  their  offices  in  that  city. 
Immediately  after  the  armistice  was  signed 
and  traveling  was  made  possible,  Mr.  Ham- 
mer started  for  Europe,  making  an  extens- 
ive tour  through  England,  Holland,  Den- 
mark .France,  Belgium,  Sweden  and  Nor- 
way, making  valuable  connections  and  es- 
tablishing agencies. 

The  vice  president  of  the  company  is 
r^awrpnce  Bogle,  a  prominent  local  attorney, 
expert  in  marine  law  and  also  a  director  of 
a  number  of  steamship  companies.  Thomas 
H.  Kolderup,  Norwegian  vice  consul  and 
vice-president  of  the  Guardian  Trust  & 
Savings  Bank  of  Seattle,  is  one  of  the  trus- 
tees of  the  company. 

Alexander  Matthew,  assistant  general  man- 
ager has  had  many  years  of  experience  in 
shipping  and  was  for  years  secretary  of 
the  Pacific  Export  Lumber  Company  of  Port- 
land, where  he  had  the  supervision  of  all 
their  shipping  engagements.  Mr.  Matthew's 
recent  activities  especially  in  chartering  have 
gained    for   him   an   enviable    reputation. 

The  company  acts  as  chartering  agents  for 
a  number  of  shipping  firms  among  which 
are:  Petter  N.  Gram,  Christiana;  Cornelius 
Bull's  Rederi,  Christiana;  Hansen  &  Her- 
mansen,  Porsgrund  and  the  Porsgrund  Mo 
tor   and   Seil    Company,   besides   others. 

In  addition  to  agencies  in  Europe  the 
company  has  branch  offices  in  New  York, 
San  Francisco,  Vancouver,  B.  C,  and  Chris 
tiania,  Norway.  Its  agents  for  Australasia 
are  Birt  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  of  Sydney. 

The  export  and  import  department  and  the 
cargo  survey  and  appraising  departments 
are  under  the  management  of  Wilfred  S. 
Alger,  who  has  been  operating  on  the  Pa- 
cific Coast  for  seven  years.  His  reports 
are  optimistic  regarding  the  firm 's  future 
operations  in  foreign  trade.  During  recent 
months  they  have  done  extensive  business 
in  Australia,  South  Africa  and  Japan.  Mer- 
chandise imported  consists  of  copra,  vege- 
table oils,  rice,  peanuts,  grain  and  seed, 
menthol  and  camphor,  rubber,  spices;  while 
the  exports  are  lumber,  barley,  canned  sal- 
mon and  fruits,  heavy  chemicals,  aniline 
dyes,  steel  and  paints. 

The  mercantile  department  of  the  New 
York  branch  of  this  company,  situated  at 
149  Broadway,  is  under  the  management  of 
W.  Robertson  Chisholm.  This  branch  handles 
trade  with  European  countries.  W.  Robert- 
son Chisholm  is  a  New  Zealander,  and  was 
one  of  the  first  to  respond  to  his  country 's 
call  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  He  took 
part  in  the  landing  at  Gallipoli,  where  so 
many  gallant  sons  of  New  Zealand  fell.  It 
was  there  that  he  received  wounds  that 
eliminated  him  from  further  service. 


68 


Pan  Pacific 


Preparing 

U.  S.  Tires 
For  Export 


HUNDREDS  of  employes  striving  to  do 
their  work  in  accordance  with  the  motto 
displayed  in  a  hundred  places  in  the  factory, 
"Aim  to  Excel,"  and  producing  an  automo- 
bile tire  "Built  to  Excel,"  are  responsible 
for  the  rapid  development  of  what  is  now 
one  of  the  leading  industries  in  Southern 
California. 

The  Savage  Tire  Company  of  San  Diego, 
has  succeeded  in  a  few  short  years  in  mak- 
ing "Built  To  Excel"  tires  known  through 
out  America  and  in  many  far  quarters  of 
the  world.  In  Australia,  New  Zealand,  the 
Orient,  Spain  and  South  America,  these 
tires  are  most  favorably  known  and  the  in- 
creasing demands  of  foreign  buyers  have 
compelled  a  trebling  of  the  factory  capacity. 
There  are  two  causes  for  this  popularity 
— first,  the  care  used  in  selection  and  prep- 
aration of  material,  and  second,  the  fact 
that  the  company  makes  every  effort  to  pro- 
duce the   exact   tire   desired  by  the  buyer. 

Early  in  its  career,  this  company  began 
to  study  what  the  foreign  buyer  wanted.  It 
discovered  that  almost  without  exception, 
foreign  made  cars  carried  wheels  and  rims 
made  to  metric  measurement.  To  success- 
fully equip  such  cars  with  tires,  required 
tires  made  for  metric  wheels.  And  today 
the  Savage  Tire  Company  is  the  leading 
manufacturer  in  the  United  States  making 
tires  on  a  strict  metric  basis.  Its  export 
department  has  made  a  careful  study  of 
proper  packing,  protection  and  shipping,  and 
the  result  is  that  a  satisfactory  tire  reaches 
the  buyer  in  a  satisfactory   condition. 

Savage  Tires  are  made  in  a  many-acre 
plant  equipped  with  the  most  modern  and 
efficient  machinery.  From  the  time  the  sheet 
rubber  reaches  the  factory  and  is  as  care- 
fully cleansed  as  a  lady  treats  her  hand, 
until  the  completed  tire  is  produced,  the 
utmost  ^are  is  taken  that  only  the  best  ma- 
teria), properly   prepared,   is  used. 

Not  the  least  interesting  of  the  many 
processes  followed  before  a  tire  is  com- 
pleted, is  the  cleaning  of  the  crude  rubber 
sheets,  the  processing  to  give  hardness  and 
wearing  quality,  the  mixing  and  rolling, 
done  by  ponderous  machines  exerting  many 
tons   of  pressure   and  yet   capable  of  adjust- 


FITTING    TIRES    TO    RIMS 


ment  to  the  minute  fraction  of  an  inch,  the 
forcing  of  the  rubber  through  and  through 
the  cotton  fabric — ony  sea  island  cotton  is 
used — and  the  cutting  machines  which  turn 
out   miles   of   strips  cut    exactly   to   measure. 

Labor-saving  machines  play  their  part 
with  almost  human  skill,  though  the  greater 
part  of  the  tire  itself  is  built  by  hand. 
Through  many  a  "manicuring"  course,  it  is 
wrapped  by  a  machine  working  with  light- 
ning speed,  is  vulcanized  in  enormous  tanks 
under  steam  pressure  sufficient  to  run  the 
fastest  express  train,  is  unwrapped  and 
cooled,  put  through  final  inspection,  rewrap- 
ped,  and  then  sent  to  the  storage  rooms. 
Here  are  thousands  of  tires — all  styles,  all 
sizes,  destined  for  all   parts  of  the   world. 

A  feature  which  marks  every  step  in  the 
building  of  the  tire  is  the  constant  inspec- 
tion through  which  the  tire  must  pass.  The 
most  skilled  and  painstaking  workmen  are 
continually  on  the  watch  for  even  the  most 
minute  flaw  and  no  tire  is  allowed  to  pass 
until   it   is   absolutely   right. 

The  Savage  Tire  Company  produces  also 
inner  tubes  made  in  the  same  careful  and 
skilled  manner,  and  all  materials  going  to 
make  both  tire  and  tube  are  safeguarded 
throughout  by  a  competent  staff  of  chemists 
and   a    fully  equipped    laboratory. 

In  addition  to  a  regular  inner  tube,  the 
company  makes  what  is  known  as  the  G-rafi- 
nite  tube.  It  is  made  by  a  special  patented 
process     and    possesses     an    advantage     over 


other  tubes  of  having  graphite  vulcanized 
into  its  surface,  which  preserves  the  rubber, 
eliminates  friction  and  prevents  the  tube 
from  sticking  to  the  inside  of  the  tire.  A 
guarantee  to  replace  any  Grafinite  tube  with 
a  new  tube  free  of  charge  if  it  sticks  to  the 
tire  goes  with  everv  sale. 


TO  DEVELOP  PORT 

OF  VANCOUVER, 


B.  C. 


FINISHING    TO    A    TURN 


WORK  will  commence  without  de- 
lay on  the  Dominion  Govern- 
ment's plans  for  the  development  of 
the  Port  of  Vancouver,  B.  C,  to  make 
it  the  chief  exporting  and  importing 
port  of  Canada. 

Owing  to  the  illness  of  the  Hon.  C. 
C.  Ballantyne,  minister  of  marine  for 
Canada,  the  announced  program  of  the 
government  was  considerably  delayed. 
The  minister  returned  to  his  des's  on 
November  7,  and  the  first  thing  he  did 
was  to  give  orders  for  the  preparing  of 
detail  plans  for  the  construction  of  a 
large  freight  terminal  dock,  at  Van- 
couver. This  dock,  it  is  expected,  will 
be  similar  to  the  Federal  dock  which 
was  constructed  several  years  ago  in 
conjunction  with  the  erection  of  the 
Government  grain  elevator  on  Burrard 
Inlet. 

Co-incident  with  the  announcement 
of  the  new  dock  was  the  letting  of 
contracts  for  the  construction  of  four 
new  steel  freight  steamers  at  Van- 
couver shipyards.  These  boats  will 
augment  the  Government's  fleet  of  fifty- 
three  steamers  constructed  on  the  order 
of  the  war  board  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  country  in  transporting 
munitions  of  war  and  food  supplies  to 
Europe. 

The  new  boats  will  be  of  8800  tons 
each,  and  it  is  expected  that  at  least 
two  of  them  will  eventually  be  placed 
in  the  Pacific  trade  from  Vancouver. 
The  splendid  manner  in  which  Cana- 
dians responded  to  the  call  of  the  Vic- 
tory Loan  made  possible  the  extension 
of  the  fleet. 

A  large  portion  of  the  money  secured 
in  the  country  through  the  medium  of 
the  Victory  Loan  will  be  devoted  to  the 
extension  of  credits  to  nations  desirous 
of  doing  business  with  Canada. 


December    19  19 


69 


The  Port  of  Los  Angeles 

NEW 

High  Density  Cotton  Compress 

Ready  for  Business  December  1,  1919 

The  Harbor  Department  of  the  City  of  Los  Angeles  has  installed  a  high  density  cotton  compress  in 
connection  with  its  great  municipal  storage  and  dock  facilities. 

This  compress  condenses  cotton  in  either  standard  or  form  bales  to  a  density  of  from  36  to  40  pounds 
per  cubic  foot.  A  gin  bale  occupies  35^2  cubic  feet;  a  standard  density  bale  occupies  22 '/4  cubic  feet, 
and  a  high  density  bale  (36  pounds  density)  occupies  14  cubic  feet.  Thus  100  cubic  feet  of  cargo 
space  will  hold  2,250  pounds  of  standard  density  cotton,  or  3,600  pounds  of  high  density  cotton.  Thus 
a  ship  can  carry  60  per  cent  more  cotton  in  a  given  amount  of  space  if  it  is  compressed  to  high  density 
than  if  it  is  compressed  to  standard  density. 


'<W3k~.. 


"*—m 


hi 


m 


Municipal  Pier  No.  1 ,  where  Cotton  Compress  is  located.     Ships  dock  on  farther  side  of  Pier  Shed 


The  compress  is  located  on  Municipal  Pier  No.  1 ,  a  solid  earth-filled  pier  containing,  with  the 
foreshore,  66  acres.  This  pier  is  equipped  with  a  reinforced  concrete  wharf  2,520  feet  long,  facing  on 
a  channel  35  feet  deep  at  low  tide,  which  will  accommodate  the  largest  vessels  on  the  Pacific;  a  steel- 
frame  pier  shed  1,800  feet  long  and  100  feet  wide,  and  a  six-story  reinforced  concrete  warehouse  contain- 
ing ten  acres  of  floor  space,  and  with  a  capacity  of  more  than  80,000  tons  of  cargo. 

Cotton  designed  for  export  is  unloaded  from  cars,  put  through  the  compress,  and  then  moved 
either  direct  to  the  pier  shed,  if  designed  for  immediate  shipment,  or  to  the  warehouse,  if  designed  for 
shipment  at  some  future  time.      For  the  present  the  cotton  will  be  handled  by  electric  tractors  and  trailers. 

The  lowest  rates  practicable  are  made  for  compression,  handling  and  storage.  Insurance  rates 
also  are  extremely  low,  as  the  storage  warehouse  is  absolutely  fireproof. 

Cotton  shippers  and  exporters,  and  steamship  lines  interested  in  carrying  cotton,  will  find  it  to  their 
advantage  to  investigate  these  facilities. 


THE  BOARD  OF  HARBOR  COMMISSIONERS 


70 


Pan    Pacific 


COMPETITIVE  SERVICE 

FOR  OVERSEAS  TRADE 


By  WILLIAM  S.  GREENE 
Chairman  Merchant  Marine  Commit- 
tee, House  of  Representatives 
THE  U.  S.  Government  should  con- 
template retirement  from  com- 
mercial shipbuilding,  ship-owning  and 
ship-operating  activities  at  the  earliest 
date  which  may  be  convenient  and 
practical   in   order : 

First,  to  give  our  overseas  trade 
the  full  benefit  of  competitive 
service. 

Second,  to  impart  to  present  and 
prospective     steamship     operators 
that   confidence   which   they  must 
feel  before  they  can  be  expected 
to    put    their    money    in    existing 
ships  and  to  place  orders  for  new 
ships,  without  which  the  outlook 
for  the  American  shipbuilding  in- 
dustry   will    not    be    encouraging. 
The    Committee    on    Merchant    Ma- 
rine has  endeavored,  since  the  opening 
of  the  special  session  of  Congress,  to 
secure    all    the    valuable    information 
with   respect   to    the   different    phases 


of  shipbuilding  that .  it  could  possibly 
obtain  for  the  general  purpose  of  ac- 
quiring that  knowledge  which  is  so 
essential  to  the  making  of  sound  and 
intelligent  legislation  for  the  exclusive 
benefit  of  our  country.  With  this  end 
in  view,  the  committee  has  held  a  se- 
ries of  hearings  on  practically  every 
phase  of  shipping,  including  the  sub- 
ject of  marine  insurance  and  that  of 
mortgaging  vessels,  and  its  general 
views  are  well  embraced  in  the  bill 
recently  introduced  by  me  as  Chair- 
man of  the  committee. 

This  bill  provides  for  the  repeal  of 
all  emergency  shipping  legislation  and 
cancels  "all  the  extraordinary  powers 
conferred  on  the  President  for  the 
requisitioning  of  ships,  wharves,  and 
other  properties.  It  also  repeals  the 
power  to  control  ocean  freights  and 
charters,  and  eliminates  any  further 
extension  of  the  Shipping  Board  house 
building  program.  It  specifies  that 
all  property  acquired  under  these  acts 
shall  be  transferred  to  the  Shipping 
Board. 


While  the  power  conferred  upon 
the  President  to  operate  under  the 
emergency  shipping  legislation  has 
been  exercised  by  the  Shipping  Board 
under  the  order  of  the  President,  it 
is,  nevertheless,  evident  that  a  dual 
control  exists  which  this  act  prevents, 
thereby  concentrating  all  power  in  the 
Shipping  Board. 

The  act  then  arranges  for  the  sale 
of  ships  and  provides  for  extended 
payments  on  them  up  to  ten  years ; 
provision  is  also  made  authorizing 
the  board  to  accept  mortgages.  It  in- 
structs the  board  to  discontinue  ship- 
building so  far  as  is  consistent  with 
good  judgment,  and  requires  that  the 
board  make  no  further  investments  in 
new  ships  or  plants,  and  further  in- 
sists that  they  shall  endeavor  to  with- 
draw as  quickly  as  possible  from  all 
investments  made  by  them  and  turn 
the  money  into  the  Treasury  of  the 
United  States.  It  states  in  addition 
that  all  requisitioned  property  in  which 
the  Government  has  no  financial  in- 
terests must  be  returned  to  the  own- 
ers. 

It  is  apparent  to  every  one  familiar 
with  'the  shipping  problem  that  Amer- 
ica must  act  quickly  if  it  expects  to 
compete  successfully  with  other  pow- 
erful maritime  nations,  like  Great 
Britain. 


^<  1 1  in  L  F 1  Ml  4 [  iji  t  r  ill  nil  ri  iim  e  ill  1 1 H4  p  I M  r  1 1«  (p  i  n*r  n  rn  j  f  ii  1 1  in  I  f r  T I M  r  1 1  ■  r  i  r  1 1 1 1 1 1  »i r  ti  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  la  I  rl  1 1 1  ri  1 1 1 1  p  1 1 M 1 1 1 M 1 1  r  t  M  i  r  M 1 1 F 1 1 1  f  p  1 1 1 1 r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  T  r  I  r  T 1 1 1  f  p  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 J  p  1 1 3  r  r  i  m  r r  1 1 4  j  1 1 1 M 1 1 M  f  i  m  r  1 1 1  j  r  1 1 1 1 M 1 1  [  i  1 1  r I  llf  p  I  rr  t 1 4 1 1 M  r  1 1 1  f  r  E I T  F  p  1 1 1 M I  r  M 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 M 1 1  ]  r  e  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  j;  m  i  M 1 1  ■  1 1  r r  t  ■  M  F 1 1  u  j  1 1 1 1 1 1  n  •  -: 


■  i  i  nr  i  mi  iri  i  mi  i 'iiiiiii  i  in  i  mi  i  in  i  mi  i  in  i  mi  i  iiiiiii  i  mi  i  in  i  mm  mil!  hi  i  mi  i  in  i  mi  i  mi  i  in  i  inn 


Telegraphic  Address 
'  FERMIG-COLOMBO ' 

P.  O.  Box  No.  96 

Telephone  No.  6 


S.  Miguel  Fernando 

Milliners  and  Drapers 

MAIN  STREET 

COLOMBO 


1 14 1  Fll  1 4E I F  4 1 FF  r  I FF 1 1 J I  Flf  FFI I FF I FFF  FFi:  >■  I  IFF  pi,  |  F|  rilF  Ff  1 1  Fll  IFF  4  ff  |  FtF  FFF I F!  I  Ft  I  III  I II I  111  FIMIF I  III  llllll 


Extensive    Importers    and    Wholesale 
Distributors  of 

DRAPERY,  MILLINERY, 
HABERDASHERY,    PERFUMERY, 
SILK  MERCERY,  HOSIERY, 
BOOTS,  SHOES,  HATS,  SHIRTS, 
TIES,  COLLARS,  and  all  other 
SILK,  WOOLEN,  LINEN, 
COTTON  GOODS. 
TOILET  REQUISITES. 


Bank  Beferences: 
National  Bank  of  India,  Ltd. 


Codes  Used: 

A.   B.   C.   5th   Edition 

and  Private 


LADIES'    DRESSMAKERS    and 

GENTLEMEN'S  TAILORS  and 

OUTFITTERS 


Connections  Desired  and 
Correspondence  Invited  From 
Reliable  Manufacturers  of  all 
SILK,  COTTON,  WOOLEN, 
LINEN  GOODS,   LEATHER  GOODS, 
WATCHES,  E.  P.  WARE,  JEWELRY, 
HOUSEHOLD  GOODS  and 
FANCY  GOODS,  with  Samples  and 
Catalogues,  etc. 


llllilliiiiiiiiiiiniiiliiiniiiiiiiinimiiMi niiniiiniimimiininmtmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiminiiimin 


MR.  M.  JOS.  FERNANDO  VICTORIA 
Sole  Proprietor 


MIIMIIMIIIMMIIllllMIIMIIlMIIIIIIIIMIIIIMMIMimiimillMllltllllllMlimitllllllininilllllllllllllIMM 


r-'W ii iniimiiiMniniiiniiiiiiii iiiiniiii n iinnmiiimiiniimnii iiiinnnniiinimi iiimniiiimunn iiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiilliil urn i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiii nun n mimiimnmiim minimum; 


December    19  19 


71 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 


A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 

ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 

AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 

THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 

THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 

THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX,55   Defiance,   Ohio. 

AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 

THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  CO.,  620  South 
Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Growers,  ex- 
porters and  importers  of  all  kinds  of  seeds. 
Cable  address  "JONMUS." 

ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable   address    "ARNOTT." 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters a^d  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  *.namel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress "AMICO." 

CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 

EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address   "BEAVER." 

F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 

BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 

BROWN  PAPER  GOODS  COMPANY.  224 
West  Huron  St..  Chicago.  Illinois.  Manufac- 
turers and  exporters  of  paper  commodities  of 
all  descriptions.  Glassine  bags,  parchment  bags, 
candy  bags,  grease  proof  bags.  Correspondence 
solicited    from   jobbers   and   exporters. 

CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code  Western   Union.     All   languages. 

CENTRAL  MEDICAL  STORES.  (P.  G. 
Gomez  &  Co.,  Proprietors),  P.  O.  Box  249.  Co- 
lombo. Exporters  cinnamon  chips  and  oil. 
citronel  oil,  copra,  etc.  Importers  drugs,  chemi- 
cals, groceries  and  wines.  Bankers:  National 
Bank   of  India,   Ltd.,   Colombo. 

CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLETMPCO." 

CO-OP  AGENCY  COMPANY.  P.  O.  Box  265. 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Importers  of  textiles,  hard- 
ware, metals  and  sundries.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products.  Telegrams:  Coagency.  Code: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Marconi's  Int. 
and   Private. 


CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply  merchants.  Export  orders  a  specialty. 
Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 

L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 

ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY,  332  So.  La  Salle 
St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufacturers  of  grain 
driers  for  removing  excess  moisture  from  wheat, 
coffee,  beans,  peanuts  and  etc.  Rotary  driers 
for  removing  excess  moisture  from  corn  meal, 
hominy,   feeds  and  chemicals. 

JOHN  C.  EPPERSON  COMPANY,  411  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Machinery  broker  and  manufacturers  agent, 
specializing  in  industrial  plants  and  can  supply 
complete  equipment  for  all  kinds  of  construction 
and  manufacturing. 

6.  MIGUEL  FERNANDO,  Colombo,  Ceylon. 
Importers  and  exporters  of  wearing  apparel, 
household  and  fancy  goods.  Telegraphic  ad- 
dress. "FERMIG-COLOMBO,"  P.  O.  Box  No. 
96.     Codes  used:  A.  B.  C.  6th  Ed.  and  Private. 

ARTHUR  .1.  FERNANDO  &  CO.,  Island  of 
Ceylon.     Exporters  of  all  Ceylon    products. 

GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St..  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Pine  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 

F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 

HALBURN  &  COMPANY.  317  W.  Pico  Street, 
Los  Angeles.  Cal.  Sole  distributors  of  Hoern- 
er's  Adjustable  Valve   Seat  Facer. 


72 


Pan    Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


II  ALBURN  COMPANY,  317  W.  Pico  St.,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal,  Distributors  of  the  Jensen 
Thermostat.  Automatically  supplies  proper 
amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen  to  make  per- 
fect combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  over- 
heating. Representation  desired  in  all  foreign 
countries. 

('.  M.  MOHAMED  HASSAN,  103  Main  Street, 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  of  all  Ceylon  prod- 
ucts. Importers  of  all  manufactured  articles. 
Cable   address:    "Marzook,"    Colombo. 

B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 

INDO-CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY,  P. 
O.  Box  82,  Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  all 
variety  Ceylon  products.  Importers  foreign 
manufactured  goods.  Cables:  "Oriental  Codes," 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  and  Private.  Bankers: 
Mercantile   Bank   of  India,   Ltd.,   Colombo. 

INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  speclaltq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

A.  H.  ISMAIL,  19  Queen  Street,  Colombo. 
Ceylon.  Produce  exporters,  millers,  manufac- 
turers and  steamer  agents.  Telegrams:  "Va- 
tliila,"  Colombo.  "Vathila,"  Galle.  "Barakella," 
Calcutta.  Ismail,  Grand,  Calcutta.  Codes: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Western  Union, 
Tniv.    Edition,    Scott's   and   Private. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF  • 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 

MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives— Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO.,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Manufacturers  of  the  Miller  carburetor. 
Kepresentatlon  desired  in  all  foreign  countries. 
Literature  on  request. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KAY  BEE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 
312  West  35th  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manu- 
facturers of  spotlights  for  automobile  and  other 
purposes.  Representation  desired  in  foreign 
countries. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leather 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LA  VAN,  A.  K.  COMPANY,  207  Hastings  St., 
W.  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada.  Exporters  and 
Importers,  Shipping  and  Commission,  Manufac- 
turers Agents.  Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds 
of  merchandise.  References:  Standard  Bank  of 
Canada,  Bank  of  Montreal  (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 
Branch).  Cable  address  "LA VAN,  VANCOUV- 
ER." Codes,  A.  B.  C,  Bentley's,  Western  Union. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence Invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY.  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  ana 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  ana  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress, "VINMAR." 


It.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY,  717  Market  St., 
San .  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  in  San  Francisco. 

NATIONAL  AUTO  SALES  CORP.,  Marsh- 
Strong  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Dealers  In  re- 
newed, guaranteed  automobiles  of  the  better 
class.  Write  for  quotations,  descriptions,  etc. 
Correspondence  in  all  languages.  All  codes  used. 

XEGOMBO  TRADING  COMPANY,  13  Victoria 
Building,  Pettah,  Colombo.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products,  specializing  in  Cocoanut  oil,  Co- 
pra, Cinnamon,  Cocoa  and  Tea.  Telegraphic 
address:  "SOMERS,  COLOMBO."  Codes:  5th 
Edition,   Bentley's  and   Private. 

NITROLENE  OIL  COMPANY,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Exporters  of  Nitrolene  lubricating  oil, 
especially  blended  and  made  in  all  weights. 
Furnished  in  steel  drums  from  15  to  50  gallon 
capacity. 

NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's Code. 

OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 

PARKER  &  WATERMAN,  1203  West  Wash- 
ington Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Manufac- 
turers of  Angelus  Tire  Covers  for  automobile 
tires   as   well  as  Auto   Comfy  Cushions. 

VICTOR  PATRON,  Oceanic  Bldg.,  2  Pine  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan, 
Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and 
export  representatives.  Prices  and  catalogues 
furnished  on  application. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 

PLANET  RUBBER  COMPANY.  125  E.  Ninth 
St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufacturers  of  the 
Planet  Sub-Tire.  Described  as  a  tire  within  a 
tire.  Strengthens  and  stiffens  the  tire  side 
walls.  Foreign  representation  desired.  Cor- 
respondence   in  all  languages. 

QUINBY'S  CALIFORNIA  CHOCOLATE 
SHOPS,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Chocolate  candies 
especially  prepared  and  packed  for  export.  All 
codes  used.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
Cable  address:  "QUINBY'S"  LOS  ANGELES, 
CALIF. 

H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export;  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 

ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg.. 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  Imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 

ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 

SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION. 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shlpcomco." 
All  codes  used. 


SAVAGE  TIRE  COMPANY,  San  Diego,  Calif. 
Manufacturers  and  exporters  of  automobile  fires 
and  tubes.  Measurement  both  by  millimeter  as 
well  as  inch  sizes.  Export  department  especially 
equipped  to  intelligently  meet  the  demands  of 
foreign   merchants. 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle. 
Kobe  and  Tokio.  Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 
ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 

SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 

C.  HENRY  SMITH,  .311  California  St..  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  CHENRYINC. 

HERBERT  W.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnols. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 

STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 

STEINBERG  &  SONS.  Head  office,  Tientsin, 
China.  Local  office,  260  California  Street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers,  importers,  ex- 
porters. Cable  address:  "STEINMORAN." 
Codes:  Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Ed.,  as-  well  as 
all   standard  codes. 

SWINGSPOUT  MEASURE  COMPANY,  404  N. 
Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Manufacturers  of  oil  measures  for  garages,  au- 
tomobiles, gasoline  stations  and  etc.  Can  be 
used  for  all  liquids.  Agents  wanted  in  all  for- 
eign countries. 

THOMAS  &  COMPANY— Importers  and  Ex- 
porters. Importers  and  buyers  of  copra,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  peanut  oil,  soya  bean  oil,  China  wood 
oil,  whale  oil,  fish  oils  and  tallows.  Cable  ad- 
dress "THOMAS"   Seattle. 

UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  AND  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Seattle,  Washington— Shipowners, 
ship  brokers,  importers  and  exporters.  Marine 
cargo  surveyors  and  appraisers.  World  wide 
charterers.  Agencies  in  all  principal  ports. 
Cable  address  "USATCO"  Seattle.  UNSHIP- 
STRAD  New  York. 

HARRY  M.  WATERMAN.  1311  S.  Figueroa 
Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Distributors  of 
folding  portable  gasoline  stoves.  Foreign  repre- 
sentation desired. 

WESTERN  COMMERCIAL  COMPANY,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. — Brokers  between  Japan  and 
America.  Direct  representation  in  the  Orient. 
Buy  or  sell  goods  In  the  Orient.  Anything— 
any    amount.     Cable   address    "WECO." 

WHALEN  PULP  AND  PAPER  MILLS,  LTD., 
Merchants  Bank  Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C, 
Canada.  Exclusive  manufacturers  of  sulphite 
pulp.  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs.,  96%  to  100% 
air-dry. 

WILLIAMS -MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 

W.  Z.  ZEE  &  SONS,  A12299  Broadway,  Shang- 
hai. Contractors  to  Governments,  Municipali- 
ties and  Manufacturers  for  engineering  mater- 
ials, naval  and  marine  stores,  hardware  and 
metals.  Purchasing  agents  as  well  as  selling 
agents.  Established  1985.  Cable  address 
"ZUNGLEE"    SHANGHAI. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


December    19  19 


73 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES  RENEWED 

National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 
AUTOMOBILE   TIRES 

Halburn    Co. 

Planet  Rubber  Co. 

Savage  Tire  Co. 
AUTOMOBILE  ACCESSORIES 

Parker  &  Waterman. 

Harry   A.   Miller  Manufacturing  Co. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 

BATH-TUBS 
Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 

BLANKETS,  QUILTS,  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS,   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward   Barry  Company. 

BOOTS 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND   COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CAMPING   EQUIPMENT 

Harry  M.  Waterman. 
CANNED  GOODS 

C   M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 

Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS,  CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES,   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 

CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHINAWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
CONFECTIONERT 

California  Chocolate  Shop 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge   Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 

CROCKERY 
B.  F.  Heastand. 
Associated  Mfrs.   Importing   Co. 

CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 

DEHYDRATORS 

Ellis  Dryer  Co. 
DRESS  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

L,.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 


FOOD  PRODUCTS 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 
F.  E.  Booth  Company. 
Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 
F.  Griffin  &  Company. 
C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

GAS  ENGINES 
Arnott  &  Company. 

GLASSWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 
HARDWARE 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

HIDES 
Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
INDUSTRIAL  EQUIPMENT 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 
American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 

LAUNDRY  TRAYS 
Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

LAVATORIES 

Paoific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,   Salz  &  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W    R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Rolph.  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland  Import   &  Mfg.    Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co.  ( 

MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 

NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

OILS 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

Nitrolene  Oil  Co.  . 

PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

PAPER 

Brown  Paper  Goods  Co. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &    MATERIALS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

PRINTING 
Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
Edward  Barry  Co. 

PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers.  ; 


RAW  PRODUCTS 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 
Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

RICE 
F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

ROOFING 
Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 

RUBBER  GOODS 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

SHIP  CHANDLERY 
Topping  Brothers. 

SHOES 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 

SILK  GOODS 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 

SINKS 
Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

SPICES 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 
Cambria  Spring  Company. 

STATIONERY 
Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

STEEL  PRODUCTS 
F.  Griffin  &  Co. 

STEEL  AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
Murray  Jacobs. 
A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 
Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 
Cambria  Spring  Company. 
The  American  Pulley  Company. 

TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

TANKS,  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 
Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TEXTILE  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 

TOILETS 
Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 

TOOLS 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board   Companies. 

3tandard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 

WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board   Companies. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WHEELS,  CASTERS,  Etc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 


74  P  an    Pacific 

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IMPORTERS  AND  BUYERS 


OF 

Copra       Cocoanut  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil     Peanut  Oil 

Cottonseed  Oil        Sesam  Seed 

China  Wood  Oil     Whale  Oil 

Fish  Oils  and  Tallows 

CABLE  US  YOUR  OFFERINGS 


Full  Trainload  of  Copra 

THOMAS  &   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


=      Cable  Address: 

THOMAS,  SEATTLE 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


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Cable  Address: — 

LAV AN,  VANCOUVER 

Codes: — 

A.  B.  C.  5th;  Bentleys;  Western 
Union. 


A.  K.  LA  VAN  COMPANY 

207  Hastings  Street,  West,  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada 

EXPORTERS  AND  IMPORTERS 
SHIPPING  AND  COMMISSION 
MANUFACTURERS    AGENTS 


Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds  of 

merchandise. 
References:— 

Standard  Bank  of  Canada,  Bank 

of   Montreal,    (Bank  of  B.  N    A. 

Branch.) 


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SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 

Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 

SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "Kelley" 

TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile  Machinery, 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail- 
way Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


Rothwell  &  Co.  inc. 

420  Alaska  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Importers— Exporters 
Shipping 


97  Warren  St.      Lonja  Del  Comercio  517 
New  York  Havana,  Cuba 

404  Insurance  Exchange 

San  Francisco 


Kobe 
Japan 


IMPORTS: 

China  Wood  Oil,  Peanut  Oil,  Soya  Bean  Oil,  Perilla  Oil, 

Fish  Oil,  Cocoanut  Oil,  Rapeseed    Oil,  Whale 

Oil,    Castor  Oil,   Sesame    Oil,    Beans, 

Peas,  Peanuts,  Silk  Piece  Goods 

Ginger,  Copra  and  Hemp 


EXPORTS: 

Canned  Fruits,  Canned  Fish,  Canned  Milk,  Resin,  Dye- 
stuffs,  Caustic  Soda,  Soda  Ash,  Paraffine, 
Iron,  Steel,  Machinery 

Correspondence  Invited 


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Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 
Telephone  Doug-hu  Hit  (Underwood  Building)  SAN  FRANCISCO 

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December    19  19 


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1 


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CERTIFICATE  OF  CIRCULATION 

OF 

PAN  PACIFIC 

THIS  IS  TO  CERTIFY  that  I  personally  investigated 
the  addressing,  stamping  and  mailing  of  the  November, 
1919  issue  of  the 

PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE 

and  report  therefrom  the  following: 


Total  number  of  Magazines  printed, 


13,245 


Mailed  to  Foreign  Countries,  to  Mercantile  Con- 
cerns, Consular  Agents,  Clubs,  Libraries,  Ex- 
changes and  Prospective  Advertisers,  as  per 
Office  Lists        -         - 

Mailed  to  United  States,  to  Mercantile  Concerns, 
Consular  Agents,  Clubs,  Libraries,  Exchanges 
and  Prospective  Advertisers       - 

Distributed  to  News  Stands,  for  sales 

Mailed  to  Foreign  and  Domestic  Addresses  to 
Specially  selected  names,  consisting  of  Busi- 
ness Houses,  Public  Officials,  and  Representa- 
tives and  Prospective  Advertisers  and  Sub- 
scribers    ------- 


Balance  held  in  office,  for  office  use 


1,506 

1,108 
246 


10,000 

12,860 
385 


Very  truly  yours, 


i 
1 


s 


i  *- 


=  <♦!♦ 


VICTOR  AARON, 

Public  Accountant 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  Nineteenth  day  of  November,  1919 

JOHN  WISNOM, 

Notary  Public  in  and  for  City  and  County 
of  San  Francisco,  State  of  California 


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£*^*^*s->s*s»: 


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76 


Pan    Pacific 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


CHRISTIANA,  NORWAY— Firm  desires  to  get 
in  direct  communication  with  packers  of  Cali- 
fornia products,  namely;  canned  and  dried 
fruits,  raisins,  jams,  olives,  oils,  walnuts, 
wines  and  fresh  apples.  Does  not  wish  con- 
nections with  brokers  or  agents.  Address 
Box  822  Pan   Pacific. 


SINGAPORE,  .STRAITS  SETTLEMENTS  — 
Firm  desires  to  communicate  with  importers 
of  dyesfuffs,  chemicals,  tanning  materials, 
fibres,  gums,  hides,  oilseeds,  spices,  herbs 
and  other  products  from  the  Straits  Settle- 
ments.     Address   Box    823    Pan    Pacific. 


CHOLON,  COCHIN-CHINA— Firm  of  importers 
in  Cholon  desires  to  communicate  with  ex- 
porters of  pure  sheet  gold  and  gold  wire.  Ad- 
dress  Box   824   Pan   Pacific. 


BUKHAREST,   ROUMANIA— Party  wishes  to  bo 
.  put  in   touch   with   firms   desiring  represent;!  - 
tion  in  Roumania.     Address  Box  825  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 


HAVANA,  CUBA — Commission  merchant  would 
like  to  communicate  with  firms  desiring  a 
representative  for  their  goods  in  China.  Ad- 
dress Box  826   Pan  Pacific. 


VANCOUVER.  B.  C. — Firm  desires  to  represent 
San  Francisco  manufacturers  in  the  British 
Columbia  markets  on  a  commission  basis. 
Lines  most  interested  in  are:  Jute,  hemp, 
sisal,  soap,  shoe  laces,  clotheslines,  confec- 
tionery specialties,  felts,  dyes,  etc.  Address 
Box  827  Pan  Pacific. 


LONDON,  ENGLAND— Party  wishes  to  get  in 
touch  with  American  firms  desiring  to  place 
their  goods  on  the  Belgian  market.  Address 
Box    828    Pan    Pacific. 


COLOMBO,  CEYLON— Exporters  of  Ceylon 
produce  desire  to  get  in  touch  with  importers 
with  a  view  of  entering  into  business  rela- 
tions with  them.  Address  Box  829  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 


KOBE,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  exporters  of  mild  steel  hoop. 
Address  Box  837   Pan   Pacific. 


OSAKA,  JAPAN — Manufacturer  of  glassware, 
enameled  ware,  porcelain  and  earthen  ware, 
would  like  to  communicate  with  interested 
importers.      Address    Box   838    Pan    Pacific. 


KOBE,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  consumers  of  grossuralite  of 
calcium-aluminum-garnet.  Local  specifica- 
tions can  be  complied  with.  Address  Box  839 
Pan  Pacific. 


MORELIA,  MEXICO — Party  desires  to  com- 
municate with  firms  handling  machinery  for 
manufacturing  ice,  with  a  view  of  establish- 
ing business  relations.  Desires  prices,  cata- 
logues, terms  of  sale.  Address  Box  840  Pan 
Pacific. 


OSAKA,  JAPAN — Japanese  import  firm  would 
like  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  and  manu- 
facturers of  tool  steel.  Address  Box  841  Pan 
Pacific. 


SHANGHAI,  CHINA— Exporters  of  hand  made 
laces,  embroidered  underwear,  carved  furni- 
ture, hair  nets,  ponge^,  basketware,  rattan 
furniture  and  Chinese  novelties,  desires  to 
get  in  touch  with  interested  importers.  Ad- 
dress Box  842  Pan  Pacific. 


OSAKA,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  desires  to  es- 
tablish business  connections  with  exporters 
of  gypsum  for  porcelain  making,  and  liquid 
gold  and  colors  for  designing  porcelain.  Ad- 
dress Box  843  Pan  Pacific. 


NEW  YORK,  N.  Y. — New  York  firm  wishes  to 
get  in  touch  with  dealers  in  mother-of-pearl 
and  white-water  shells.  Are  in  the  market 
for  large  quantities  for  export.  Address  Box 
844    Pan   Pacific. 


LONDON.  ENGLAND— Established  firm  in 
London  is  desirous  of  getting  in  touch  with 
exporters  of  canned  goods.  Address  Box  863 
Pan    Pacific. 


NAGERCOIL,  S.  INDIA— Exporters  of  fibre, 
mats  and  matting,  hides  and  skins,  oil-seeds, 
and  cakes,  bones,  timber,  tea  and  pepper,  de- 
sires to  get  in  touch  with  interested  Import- 
ers, also  with  manufacturers  of  piece  goods, 
stationery,  hardware,  metal  ware,  cement, 
soaps  and  candles.  Address  Box  854  Pan 
Pacific. 


OSAKA,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  exporters  of  "Guatemala  In- 
digo."    Address  Box  855   Pan  Pacific. 


TOKY'O,  JAPAN— Firm  desires  to  get  In  touch 
with  chemical  dealers  in  this  city.  Address 
Box    856   Pan   Pacific. 


AUCKLAND,  NEW  ZEALAND— Exporters  of 
New  Zealand  honey  and  other  food  products, 
desires  to  establish  connections  with  firms  in 
this  city.     Address  Box  857  Pan  Pacific. 


TRIEBEL,  GERMANY— Export  and  import 
agent  would  like  to  represent  American  manu- 
facturers desiring  to  establish  business  con- 
nections in  Germany.  Address  Box  858  Pan 
Pacific. 


OL'EBEC,  CANADA.— Party  desires  to  commun- 
icate with  manufacturers  desiring  to  intro- 
duce their  products  in  the  province  of  Quebec, 
on  a  commission  basis  or  otherwise.  Address 
Box   859   Pan   Pacific. 


FOOCHOW,  CHINA— Party  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  American  firms  desiring  to  es- 
tablish agencies  in  Foochow  for  the  follow- 
ing articles:  Hardware,  tools,  window  glass, 
paint,  rifles,  dry  goods,  stationery,  watches, 
cement,   etc.     Address  Box  860  Pan  Pacific. 


HAMBURG,  GERMANY— Party  desires  to  se- 
cure representation  of  a  reliable  firm  for  dried 
fruits,  honey,  raisins,  canned  salmon,  and 
other  canned  fish  products  for  Germany.  Ad- 
dress Box  830  Pan  Pacific. 


PATRAS,  GREECE — Firm  wishes  to  get  in 
touch  with  importers  of  currants  and  other 
food  products  from  Greece,  and  exporters  of 
foodstuffs,  colonial  products  and  general  mer- 
chandise.     Address    Box    831    Pan    Pacific. 


JAS-DE-CALAIS,  FRANCE—  Party  desires  to 
communicate  with  importers  and  exporters 
desiring  a  representative  in  France  for  the 
sale  of  California  produce,  as  well  as  agricul- 
tural implements  and  manufactured  products. 
Willing  to  make  reciprocal  arrangements  for 
representation.     Address  Box  832    Pan  Pacific. 


TRUJ1LLO,  PERU — Party  desires  to  communi- 
cate with  dealers  in  American  army  pack 
saddles.  Would  like  catalogues,  prices,  etc. 
Address    Box    833    Pan    Pacific. 


TOKYO,  JAPAN — Import  and  export  firm  de- 
desires  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  of 
ground  California  tan  bark  oak.  Address  Box 
834  Pan   Pacific. 


TIENTSIN,  CHINA— Building  and  engineering 
firm  in  Tientsin  has  at  present  several  or- 
ders to  place  for  building  materials  and  would 
like  to  receive  catalogues,  prices,  conditions, 
shipping  weights  and  measures,  freight  rates, 
etc.,  on  the  following  articles:  window  glass, 
nails  and  screws,  galvanized  iron  sheets,  hard- 
ware, well  pumps,  both  hand  and  power 
driven,  electric  light  sets,  electric  motors, 
etc.     Address   Box   835   Pan   Pacific. 


OSAKA,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  communicate 
with  exporters  of  cryptomeria  planks,  (com- 
monly known  as  Japanese  cedar),  with  a  view 
to  establishing  business  connections.  Ad- 
dress Box  836  Pan  Pacific. 


SI-KA-WEI,  CHINA— Party  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  dealers  in  stained,  opalescent  and 
art  glass,  also  leaded  glass.  Address  Box  845 
Pan  Pacific. 


ANTWERP,  BELGIUM— Commission  merchant 
wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  packers  of 
California  products;  particularly  interested  in 
leaf  tobacco.     Address   Box   846  Pan  Pacific. 


ATHENS,  GREECE)— Firm  in  Athens  wishes  to 
be  put  in  touch  with  exporters  and  manufac- 
turers of  chemicals,  boots,  and  shoes,  leathers, 
foodstuffs,  etc.     Address  Box  847   Pan  Pacific. 


VENICE,  ITALY— Manufacturers  of  Venetian 
glass  mosaic,  glass  enamels  in  every  color 
and  gold  tessarae,  desires  to  get  in  touch  with 
firms  interested  in  their  line.  Address  Box 
848  Pan    Paciflic. 


LEIPZIG,  GERMANY— Party  desires  to  act  as 
representative,  selling  or  buying  agent  for 
any  firm  wishing  representation  in  Germany. 
Address   Box    849   Pan    Pacific. 


LYONS,  FRANCE— Manufacturers'  agent  in 
Lyons  desires  to  be  put  in  touch  with  ex- 
porters and  manufacturers  of  novelties,  men's 
furnishings,  ready-made  clothing,  etc.,  for  the 
purpose  of  representing  them  in  France.  Ad- 
dress  Box  850   Pan   Pacific. 


MAZAMET,  GERMANY— Party  would  like  to 
get  in  touch  with  exporters  of  food  products, 
who  desire  to  establish  business  connections 
with   Germany.     Address  Box  851  Pan  Pacific. 


SAX  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Party  in  Adelaide. 
Australia,  desires  to  communicate  with  Amer- 
ican firms  handling  biscuits,  confectionery, 
etc.,  wishing  to  be  represented  in  Australia. 
Address  Box  852  Pan  Pacific. 


SANTIAGO,  CUBA  —  General  merchandise 
broker  and  manufacturers'  agent  wishes  to  bo 
put  in  touch  with  shippers  of  rice,  canned 
goods  and  jute  bags,  desiring  representation 
in    Cuba.     Address    Box   861   Pan   Pacific. 


PARIS,  FRANCE — An  agent  of  an  important 
French  firm  now  in  San  Francisco  desires  to 
make  connection  with  exporters  and  manufac- 
turers of  food  products,  especially  condensed 
milk,  chocolate,  dried  and  canned  fruits,  with 
a  view  to  representing  them  in  France — and 
with  importers  of  perfumes,  toilet  water,  and 
accessories  for  manufacturers  of  dolls.  Ad- 
dress Box  862  Pan  Pacific. 


PIURA.  PERU— F.  Lapouble  Gil.  Representa- 
ciones,  Comisiones,  e  Informes  concernientes 
al  ramo  Comercial  y  Administrativo.  Address 
as   above. 


PIURA,  PERU— F.  Lapouble  Gil.  General  Infor- 
mation on  Commercial  and  administrative 
Branches.  Representations  and  Commissions. 
Address  Box   No.   863   Pan   Pacific. 


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NEGOMBO  TRADING  COMPANY 

COLOMBO  &  NEGOMBO 

13  VICTORIA  BUILDING 

PETTAH,  COLOMBO 

Exporters  of  Ceylon  Produce 

|    Specialties:  Cocoanut  OIL  Copra,  Clnna-    [ 

mon,  Cocoa  and  Tea 

Correspondence  solicited 

Telegraphic  Address: 

"SOMERS,  COLOMBO" 

Codes: 

A. B.C.  5th  Ed.,  Bentley's  and  Private 

^iiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiHiii»iiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiHiiilliliiliiiiHiiiniiiilliiiniillliiiiiiiit|[|iiiiiiiiiiini"iin!iir, 


December    19  19 


77 


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|  F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO.,  Limited  | 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 


SHIP 
BROKERS 


STEAMSHIP 
AGENTS 


|     Phone   Garfield   2241  SAN    FRANCISCO     | 

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[general   PAPER  CO.  I 

525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"   All   Codes 

Bank  p     er 

B^T^y  PAPER  R  M"'tl 

San     Francisco  Representatives 

BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,  Portland,   Los  Angeles 

Dealers   In   News,   Book,  Writing,  Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and   Wrapping   Papers 

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Branches   at 
CALCUTTA 


3/    MANGOE    LANE 

17     CHOWRINGHEE     ROAD 

20     CHOWRINGHEE     ROAD 

GRAND    HOTEL 


AT   CEYLON 


DANGEDERA   ROAD 
GALLE 


Established    1863 


A.  H.  ISMAIL 

PRODUCE  EXPORTERS,  IMPORTERS,  MILLERS, 

MANUFACTURERS  and  STEAMER  AGENTS 

Head  Office: 

19  QUEEN  STREET,  COLOMBO,  CEYLON 


TELEGRAMS: 
"Vathlla,"   Colombo 
"Vathlla,"  Galle 
"Barakalla,"  Calcutta 
Ismail,   Grand,   Calcutta 


CODES: 
Bentleys,     A.  B.  C.     5th     Ed., 
Western     Union,     Univ.     Ed., 
Scotts   and    Private. 


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Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABATA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'   REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable   Address:    "INTRACO" 

Codes : 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   5th  Edition 


Import    Products  of   all 

Countries   where    we 

are  located 


AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-ENGINES -WAGONS- 


SMI 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:    SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

^MimiiNiinHnimiiiiiimimiimiimiiniiniimiimiiminiiimiiin^ 

^HiitmmiiimiirimiiiiiMiimimiimimiimimiiimmiiimiiMiM^  ^iiiiniiniiiuiMiMitiiiniiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiniiniiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiniiiiMiiniitiiiiniiiiiiii^ 

I  THE  INDO- CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY  i 

Post    Box  82 
COLOMBO   (Ceylon) 
=    Export — All  kinds  of  Ceylon  Produce. 
=    Import — Foreign  manufactured  goods. 
=     Cables— "Oriental"      Codes.      A.B.C.      5th     = 
Edn.  and  Private. 
=        E     Bankers — The  Mercantile   Bank   of  India,     | 
I        |  Ltd.,  Colombo.  . 

E  TttlllllllllMlltllinillMllilllltllllllllllllllllltllllMltllllfllllllllllMIMIIlllllllllUIIIIMIUIIIHIIIIMIII?; 

|  iJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIItllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllHIIKIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIMIilllllMIIIIIIIIL- 

"THE  CENTRAL  MEDICAL  STORES" 

(P.  G.  Gomez  &  Co.,  Proprietors) 
P.  O.  Box,  No.  249,  COLOMBO 
=        |     Exporters — Cinnamon  Chips  and  Oil,  Cit- 

ronel  Oil.   Copra,   etc. 
|        |     Importers — Drugs,       Chemicals,     Grocery, 
Wines,  etc. 

Foreign   trade  development   desired. 
Bankers — National    Bank    of   India,    Ltd.,     § 
Colombo. 
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j  Arthur  J.  Fernando  &  Co.  ! 

COLOMBO 


.r^V 


EXPORT  ORDERS 

A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

From 

Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 

Cable  Address  "  Arnott' '  Los  Angeles 

Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT  SCO. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  JOUTHWEST  - 

IIZ  118  SO.  LOS  ANGELES  ST.  LOS  AHGELES 


Exporters  of  all  Ceylon  Produce 

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UNmiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiiMiimiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiimimiiimimiiiu 

—  a 

Ocean   Brokerage   Co.     Ocean  Warehouse  Co.   I 

CUSTOM  HOUSE  BROKERS  U.    S.    BONDED    STORAGE 

Import  and  Export  Freight  Forwarders  Weighing,  Marking,  Sampling,  Reconditioning, 

Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Distributing,  Consolidating 

Head  Offices:  762  Stuart  Building,  Seattle,  Washington  Branch  Offices:       2141  Commerce  Street,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

"Service  First"  W.  R.  COLBY,  Jr.,  President  "Service  First" 

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miiiiiiiMiuiiiiiiiniiiiii iiiimiiiiiimii. 


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78 


Pan   Pacific 


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Glassine 
BAGS 


Correspondence  Solicited 
from  Jobbers  and  Exporters 


Parchment 
BAGS 


Candy 
BAGS 


Brown  Paper  Goods  Company 

224-248  WEST  HURON  ST.,  CHICAGO,  m. 


Grease-Proof 
BAGS 


U.  S.  A. 

MANUFACTURERS 


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RIDGEWAY   BUILDINGS 

P.  O.  Box  265 

COLOMBO,   CEYLON 


Co-op  Agency  Company 

Enquiries   Solicited.     Good   References   Given. 


Telegrams:    Coagency 

Code:   Bentley's,  A.B.C. 

5th  Edition 

Marconi's  Int.  and  Private 


IMPORTERS  OF 

TEXTILES,     HARDWARE:     METALS 
SUNDRIES 


AND 


EXPORTERS  OF 

TEA,  RUBBER,  DESICCATED  COCOANUTS,  COCOANUT 

OIL,  FIBRE,  SPICES,  SENNA  LEAVES  AND  DRUGS 


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Contractors  to  Governments 
Municipalities,  Manufacturers,  Etc. 

Hardware,  Metals  and  Sundries 
Suppliers  of  Engineering,  Naval  and 

Marine  Stores 

Representatives  of  Manufacturers 

Purchasing,  Selling  and  Commission 

Agents 


W.  Z.  Zee  &  Sons 

.(ZUNG  LEE  &  SONS,  ESTABLISHED  1895) 

A1299  Broadway,  Shanghai 


Telephones: 
N.  1468  and  N.  1% 

Cable  Address: 
"ZUNGLEE"  SHANGHAI 


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G.  P.  STEINBERG  &  SONS 

MANUFACTURERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

HEAD  OFFICE:  TIENTSIN.  CHINA 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:  2  RECTOR  STREET 

SAN  FRANCISCO  OFFICE 

260  CALIFORNIA  STREET 

HARBIN  OFFICE:  38-84  BOLSHOI  PROSPECT 

DAIREN  OFFICE:  23  NICHIDORI 


Codes 


All  Standard  Codes 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 
Bentley's 


Cable  Address 

Steinmoran 

Agencies 

Vladivostock 

Manchuria 

Hailar 


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ntaammmmmsa 

«WADH0CKBU)0. 


San  FRANCISCO 


Pacific  Coast 

United    States   of   America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 


Arcade  Floor 


The  100%  Club 

Monadnock  Bldg, 


San  Francisco    \ 


Study  ^-p 

i£n  rade 

-1^     1 


An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained   for  the  benefit  of     ; 
buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is     = 
I    maintained.     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers. 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and     \ 
I    merchants.     Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods     \ 
I    and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.       All  are  leaders  in 
|    their  line. 

j     We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all   charge  or  obligation. 

I     Business   connections   established.      Correspondence    invited    in    any    foreign 
i     language. 


I 


Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE.  Sec.-Treas, 


lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllMillllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllM,- 


— under  personal  instruction  of  inter- 
national experts — greatest  course  in 
Foreign  Trade  ever  offered  on  the 
Pacific  Coast — most  practical  and 
thorough — will  teach  you  the  busi- 
ness of  Foreign  Trade — how  to  get 
into  it — how  to  carry  it  on — how  to 
succeed  at  it — no  one  interested,  or 
likely  to  be,  in  Foreign  Trade  can 
afford  to  miss  this  course. 

Send  us  your  name  and  address,  and 
full  information  regarding  this  Course 
will  come  right  back. 

BUTLER  SCHOOL  OF  COMMERCE 

New  Call  Bldg.    Next  to  Palace  Hotel 
on  New  Montgomery  Street 


December    19  19 


79 


£HiiniuimiNHiimiiMiiiimimiiiiiiiimiimi:r 


mrrmiiiiiiiiMumiiiiiiiiiiiiiii mill mil 11 iimiiiiiiiiii iiimiiiiiimiiiii I mimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimMiiimimiiiiiiiMiiimiiiiiiiimiiii luimimiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiii 

CHESTER  WILLIAMS.  Pres.  J.  E.  PETERS.  Vice-Pies.  CEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Secretin- 


SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 


The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  '  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Ajy  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 


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MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  | 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO 


MATSON   NAVIGATION    CO. 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


\    SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET 


^iiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiliillliiiiiiniiiiiiiiiii'iii'iii'iiiiiiHlinilliiiiilliiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiT         ;iiiiiniitiilHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiillillliiliiiiiiiiiiuiiiii!iiiiliiilililiHiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiliiii)iiiniiiuiiiiiiiniiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin 
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Rolph.  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

aimiimiiimimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiimmimiimiimim mini iiiiiiiimimmmimiimimimmt i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu iiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiimiiiMiiiiiiiii iiiiimimmiii iiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiuiiun imiiiiimmiiiimiiim Mm iminmif, 

.iminiiimiimiiiii imimiimmmimi mimmmi mm mini mum n iimimiimmimiiimmmiiimiti mill iiiiiminiii inniii mm mnmm iiiuimi mmiiiiimiim i imiiiiii iiiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiimii iiminii n: 


Cable  Address: 

PETT1BONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's.  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith    j 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


i   ,       >U      LAI. 

'Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 

iimmiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiii I iiiimiiimiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiim iiiiiiimiimmimiiiiiimi i iiiimiiiiiiiiiiimi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimmiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimiimim iiiiiiiiimmiiiiiimmiiiiiimiiiiim 

sjiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmimii mi i iimnmiiim i mmiumii tin i mi iiimmimiimin linn inniii I miiiiimiiiii mnmm i imiiiimi m iimiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiii iiMiiiiiiiiiiHimmiiijj 


P.  /.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485   California   Street 

San   Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


Siiiimimuiiiiiimmiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiii mi mum i iiiiimiiiiiiiii iiiiiiim iiiuimi iiiiiiiiiimimimmiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiunim iiiiiim immiimii iiiimiimumii i imiiiiiiiii iimi iiiimmnii. 


80 


Pan   Pacific 


|mii mi <  i  ii  ti  ii  i  til  i  rt  l  rril  i  r>i  ii  1 1  ii  i  ui  i  rt  1 1  mi  1 1 1 1  rri  1 1  imi  l  rn  it iiihiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiniiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimtiiimiiimiiiiiimmiiHii 


iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 


llllllllllMllllllllllllllllilillllll tllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllnilllllllllllllllllMIIMIIIIMillilliillllillliiiiiiiMIIIIIJ: 


TRAFFIC  MANAGERS 


EXPORT 


C.  I.  F.  QUOTATIONS 


SHIP  BROKERS 


WESTERN  TRAFFIC  SERVICE 


Marsh-Strong  Bldg. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address  "WESTRAF" 

Codes 

A.  B.  C.  6th  Improved— Western  Union 


FREIGHT  FORWARDERS 

IMPORT 

DOCUMENTATION 


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AIDS  TO  FOREIGN  TRADE 

Foreign  Lists.  Translating,  Catalogues,  Trade  Marks,  Advertising  Data 
Trade  Reports  Covering  MEXICO,  CENTRAL  and  SOUTH  AMERICA 
J  LATIV- AMERICAN  ADVERTISING  CO 

|     1120  Van  Nuys  Building  Los  Angeles,  Cal.      § 

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Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 

May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 
promptly  and  frankly 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 
General  Insurance 

^iilllllllilllilMlillliillllilllllllllllilllillilllllllllillMiiiiiiiiiiiniiHiiniiuMiliMniiiniiniiiiiiniiiiiiiuilliiiiiiiiiiiiniiiliiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiniillliini 
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Herbert   W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co.  | 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 


Write  lor  Quotaiions 


209-211  Washington  St. 


Chicago,  111..  U.  S.  A.    | 


—  i  i  ■   ! : : : 1 1 J  i :  J 1 1 1 .  ■  i : ,  ■  1 1 1  , 1 1  r ; :  i  ■ :  1 1 1 J  J 1 1 ;  i  i  i :  1 1 1 1 : ;  1 1 ;  J 1 1  r  ■  1 1 1 .-  j  i , . . .  i :  j  1 1 1 . ;  1 1 ; :  1 1 . ,  1 1  r  ?  1 1 1  ( J  i  m  j  i  i  1 1 1 1  i .  J 1 1 . 1 1 1  i ;  1 1 1  - '  i  ■ . ! :  i .  :  1 1 . ,  i  i ; : !  1 1 .  i  1 1  ■  ■  1 1 1 ,  ■  1 1 1  ?  j  i !  i  j  j  ■  i  r .  i  "r^ 

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PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 

!     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  AH  Leading  Codes  Used     | 

^iiitiiiirtiiiiiiiiriJiiiiiiiJiii>iiifiiii>iiiiiiinMitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitjir>iiiriiiii*iiiiiiitiiiiiiitiiii}iiitJiiiJiii(MitiiitiMitMMiiirtJiiriiiiwtiiiiiirjiiiiiiini:.riii:^ 
-jiiiiiitMiiriiiitiiirtiiiriiiiiiiirtiiitiiriiiiitTfiiriiii}iiijrriiiriiittiirrMiiMijiiiiTiiiTiiitiiii>iiitiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiTiiiTTiiffiirr]irfitiifiiiiJiif(jiiiiiii*iiiiiiiifriiiJi=: 


References: 
Metropolitan   Bank 
Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

RBNCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4 

W.  D.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 
205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building  .  | 

Freight   Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS.   LA.         Correspondence  Solicited 

r.iiiiiiimiimiiimiiiiimimiimiii iiiiiiiminiimiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiininiiiniiimiiiiimiiimiiiiiniiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiih? 

jsmrurl minimi nlimilliniiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiui iiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiuiii'f 

j    WHOLESALE  SEEDS  RETAIL    j 

GROWERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

Send  For  Our  Catalog 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  COMPANY 

I    LOS  ANGELES  CALIFORNIA    I 


J[MII!lllil!l||||]||MHIIIItll]|[llllllll[l]llll]MIIIIIIIIIHIIIini]|lllinilU!HI!MUiniMIIHIIUIIUMinilll]!llllflinilUlllffllllllllll)IH!Jllli!]lttnili1lllnilMI^ 

IglasswareiI 

=  3 

(FOR  TABLE   AND   SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 
DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 
(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    j 
|    catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language) 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.   Knowles   China  Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 

|   618  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A.   I 

^jiftiiifiiiitriiiiiiriiitrJiiiiiirtiiiifiiitiiitijiitiiijtiiifiiiiiiiitiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiJiiiJMiiiiiiitiiiiititJiiitiiiitiiitiiiijriii  rtntf  iiiiiiiiiciiiiiiiiiiijiitiuifijiiiiiiii^ir? 


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BOOTHS 

CRESCENT 
RAND 


SARDINES 

F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  TJ.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND 

Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


rii'iiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiii?. 


-'illllllllillllliiiliililMiilillililiiilllllliliilllliHiiniililiilllliiiiimn 11 iiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiihiii n miiiiiiiimiiiiii iiimu 


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W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES: 

Seattle 

Peru 

Costa  Rica 

Panama 

Los  Angeles 

Guatemala 

Nicaragua 

Ecuador, 

New  Orleans 

Salvador 

Chile 

Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended^ 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from  Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — -Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


lllllimillllllllllllllllimilll Ill Ill iiiiinilliililiilliliillliilllllllllli mi iiiiimiiimimiimmiiiiiiiliiilimllill I mi iiiillillllilllillllilllliliilllliilliillillMlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliillillllllllllllinuillulllllllilllllllll llllllliuilnl 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailing*  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


JAMUARV,  iWO 


TTT 


Price  25  Cents 


> 


APR  26 


SAN  FRANCISCO  INVITES  THE  WORLD 


Edited  by  John  H.  Gerrie 


Pan  Pacific  Trade  Congress  in  May 
Survey  of  Australia  and  Far  East 
Big  Chinese  Transportation  Projects 


ft- 


Guaranty  Trust,  Mark  Sheldon,  C.  E.  Bos  worth,  E.  D.  Kiser,  Arturo  Lorea 

J.  J.  Rafferty,  H.  H.  Miller,  E.  L.  Little 


Java-Chiha-Japaft  fcljii 


AVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 


San  Francisco 


A  N  \) 


Netherlands  East  Indies 


DIRECT 


rv 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.   D.   SPRECKEJLS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2   Pine  Street,  San   Frar 


January     1920 


»1 


Foremost  in  the  power  world  today  because  of  its 
many  advantages  over  even  the  heretofore  highest 
types  of  internal  combustion  engines. 

Low  first  cost  as  compared  to  other  heavy  duty 
oil  engines,  low  cost  of  operation  and  upkeep,  utmost 
simplicity,  highest  efficiency,  economy  and  depend- 
ability, are  features. 

Built  in  sizes  of  25  B.H.P.  per  working  cylinder  in 
multiples  up  to  six  cylinders  and  operating  on  low 
gravity  fuel  oils. 


1.1 


r  t  7 


Write  for  Bulletin  No.  SOO—S 


wss'fejin machinery  co 


•apanv 


<Mnmi 


mm 


^iiHHiiHiimiHHJimiiHiiiHiimiimiiHiimimmiiiimhhiiiiuiiJiiiuiiuiimimiimiiiJiimiiiJin 


MACHINERY 


We  are  in  position  to  furnish  you  at  lowest  prices  consistent  with  quality  and  give  Engineering  service  and 
information  on  any  of  the  following  equipment:  ! 


Air  Compressors 

Rock  Crushers 

Screening  &  Gravel  Plants 

Pumping  Plants 

Gas  Oil  &  Steam  Engines 

Pulverizing  Machinery 

Fertilizer  Plants 

Hoisting  Engines 

Conveying   Equipment 


Tramways 

Wood  and  Steel  Tanks 

Cement  Mill   Equipment 

Locomotives 

(Gas  and  Steam) 

Full  Diesel  Oil  Engines 

(Stationary  and  Marine) 

Electric  Motors 
Electric  Generators 


Pollins~&We 


•  it 


INCORPORATED 
MACH I N  ERY 


447-449  East  3rd  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


229  Rialto  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


.^iitttiifi-Piii-Jiiiit-tfEiii^iiiiJ- iiiiftfiiiiTiii<fp|iJiiii4:Fiii»iii-l*ipi4--iiii-+-iiii-tiiiiipiiiiiiiiiii*riiil||.iiitiii*iftiaiLiii « iiiiiiriiiiEiiiiriiiiriiJit iii-iiiiiijiriiiirsiii:ii-riii]ii.E]± -iiiiiiiiiii **iieiiiieiiil iL-ijiiEiiitiiiiEiiiriii-rriiiriiiiFEiiriii-i jxtiiiicti-iiiiiirFii-iiriiiiriiiir iiiiiiriii4jiii««iiifiiisitiiij:Eiii rv^ 


82 


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Pan  Pacific 

iiimiiiiiuug       a iiMiiiinii iMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiHiumiimiimnimmimimmrirnniimimrarainnimiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiB 


I  L.  Dinkelspiel  Company 

INCORPORATED 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


I  DRY  GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


I  NOTIONS  and 
I  FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods  —  Linens  —    I 

s 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    I 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    1 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and  Flannelettes  —  Ticks    I 

—  Prints,  Etc. 

Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's  | 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —  | 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —  1 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 

9 

Descriptions 


Planting  the 
Flag  of  the 
Admiral  Line 
in  the  Orient 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

=  = 

=  = 

|    Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages    | 

Cable  Address:  "LTPSEKNID" 


TRANS-PACIFIC  SERVICE 
Sailings  from  Seattle  and  Portland  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

Pacific  Steamship  Company 

GENERAL    OFFICES 
5th  Floor,  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 
|    Portland,  Oregon  San  Francisco,  Calif. 


101  Third  Street 


New  York 
8  Bridge  Street 


112  Market  Street 


OIIIIIIIIMIMIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIU 


|    Manila,  Hong  Kong,  Vladivostok,  Shanghai,  Singapore,  Kobe,  Yokohama    { 

lllllUIIIIIIIIUlllllllS  ^'■■tl'lllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllltlllhllllHIIillllllllllllllHIIlllllllllltlllllllllllllin 


»IIIIIIIIIMIIMIIIMIMIIIIMimillllllllllllll»IIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIMIIMIiniimilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!lllllllllllllllll| 

s  = 

I  Standard  Products  Company  J 

Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
I  Head  Office  260  CALIFORNIA  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.   \ 


Representatives  of 
AMERICAN  MANUFACTURERS 

EXCLUSIVE   ORIENTAL  DISTRIBUTORS   OF 

"EVERSHARP"   PENCIL  AND   "TEMPOINT" 

FOUNTAIN  PEN 

[    IMPORTERS  OF  Raw  Materials  and  Food  Products  from  China 
and  the  Philippines 


I    STANDARD  PRODUCTS  CO. 
14  Canton  Road 
Shanghai,  China 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  CO.    [ 
15  Plaza  Goiti 
Manila,  P.  I. 


ASSOCIATE  COMPANY 
Hongkong  Mercantile  Co.,  Hongkong,  China 

^IIIUHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUUUUUUIIIIIlB 


Cables:  "Smythe  Philadelphia" 

The 

J.  L.  N.  Smythe 

Company 

Every  Kind  of 

PAPER 


Writing 

Simili 

Glassine 

Bond 

Cap 

Wrapping 

Ledger 

Absorbing 

Kraft 

Printing  ; 

Screen 

Manila 

Book 

Tissue 

Toilet 

Art 

Blotting 

Tag 

Poster 

Parchment 

Boards 

Typewriter 

Greaseproof 

Specialties 

An  old  established  Philadelphia  firm  dealing  in 

dependable  papers  and  dependable  service. 

Cable  or  write  us  your  needs. 

MAIN  OFFICE 
30-34  SOUTH  SIXTH  STREET 

PHILADELPHIA,  U.  S.  A. 


January     1920  83 

0 iMminumiiimi iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiii nun uminiiiinmiramiiiliiiiiiiiii iimiimiimnmimiiNiimtiimmiimmmHmimmmmmjnnmimrammiimmmmMr^ mimiimranj 

MANUFACTURERS  and  WHOLESALE  DEALERS 
of  GOOD  SHOES  ONLY;  Since  1885 

s 

WE  CARRY  IN  STOCK  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 

ALL  STYLES  AND  GRADES  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— BOYS— CHILDRENS— INFANTS 
SLIPPERS,  LOW  SHOES  and  BOOTS 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  YOU  CHARGES  PREPAID 


Nolan  Earl  Shoe  Co.  £SS!Sk  U.S.A. 


Cable  Address 
Nesco,  Bentleys  Code 


Regulation  U.  S.  Army  Shoe 

In  Black,  Brown,  White  Elk  Leathers 

All  Sizes  and  Widths  in  Stock 


fllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlMilllllllllllllllMllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIII Illllllllllllllllll, 


IU iiimiiiniMNiiiii iiuimmiiiiimimiiiiiiNiimiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiini i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil 


illNIIIIIIIIMIIIMIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIII]IIIMIinillMIIIIIIII!IIMlllllllllll|[IIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIMII!IIIIMIIIIIll!IIIIIII[llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMllllllllll1ll!!lllll= 


|     Parent  Company 
I     Established  1857 


Resources  Over     = 
$1,000,000 


|    Associated  Manufacturers    | 
|  Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers'  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 
All  Codes 

I   871   Market   Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,   U.   S.   A.   | 

i  I 

?,lllMlllllllllllllulllMIIIIMillllllll|[|||inilinilllllllllimilllliHlliuiiiiiliuiilliiiiiiiiti!iiiinllilHllllillilliiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiMilli!iiiniiiiiiiHli!i" 


California's  Exports  are  of  uniformly 
high  quality  and  are  used  in  every 
civilized  country  on  the  globe.  None 
are  more  celebrated  for  standard 
high  and  uniform  quality  than 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 
Sole  Leather 

tanned  in  vats  with  California  Oak  Bark 
from  selected  packer  hides 


New  York 


ejjiiiiitiiiiiriit»tiifitiiiiiiiii<iiitiMiiiiittiiiiriiiitiiitiiitiiiMiiiitiiiiiiiniiii  iiiitiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiitiiiiiMitiiiiitiifnili  iiiiiriiif  EiiiiriiiiiiitiirftiiiTiiiiiiitiiuriii>MitiiiiiiiiiriuiiiiiiiiiriiMiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiriiMiiiitiiiiiiiiiMiitiiiJMiiiiiitriiiiiiitiiiitMitMit[iiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiTTii]tiiitriiiriMifjiiiiiiiitiiiiiirii^ 


'World-Wide 
Charterers" 


Agencies  In  All 
Principal  Ports 


Hnnttrgai  Shipping  &  ©rafting  (En. 

SHIPOWNERS,  SHIP  BROKERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

MARINE  CARGO  SURVEYORS  AND  APPRAISERS 

HEAD  OFFICE:  ALASKA  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 
Branch  Office:  149  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 


IMPORTS 

Copra,  Vegetable  Oils,  Rice,  Peanuts 
Australian  Skins,  Gums,  Rubber 
Menthol,  Camphor,  Etc. 


exports 

Canned  Salmon,  Dyes,  Steel  and  Steel 
Products,  Paints,  Ducks  and  Sail  Cloth. 

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiinMiiimiiimiiiiiiniiiimiiiiiiiNmjiwiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiu 


Cable  Addresses:  "Usatco"  Seattle.    "Unshipstrad"  New  York 

mimiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiii nmiimiiuiiiijiiiimMiniiiiiiiimiiiiiiuiiiiiimmniiimiiiiiiuiiniiiliimiimimil imilimmillllllllllllinllliml 


84 


iillllllllHIliliillllilinillllliniiniimiiliiiiiiimiiiiiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilllliilillllliiiliiliiliilllllliililllllllillllliiilillliirlllij.- 


SHOES 

MEN'S,  LADIES' AND   I 
CHILDREN'S 

SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES    \ 

also 
RUBBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES    [ 

on  hind  for  immediate  shipment 


I  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  j 

Shoes  Wholesale 

!   216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.   \ 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Bentley  Code 

5iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii urn uiimm tiiiiiiimiiiiinmii urn iniiinii i I i I 

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiMi iiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii niiniii iMwaMMJ 


Machinery  and  Equipments 

FOE  CHEMICAL,  SUGAE  and  INDUSTBIAL  PLANTS 

Write  Me  Your  Requirements 

BARTHOLOMEW     VIOLA,     M.     E. 

CONSULTING  AND  EXPORTING  ENGINEER 

Member  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers 

309  BEOADWAY,  NEW  YOEK,  U.  S.  A. 


Pan    Pacific 

:Milliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiuinniiuiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiii!iiMiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiuiiiiuiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiHiiitiiiitMiuiiiitiiiitlliiniiiiiliiiiiiiliiiiiii^ 

| 

BOOTH'S 

CRESCENT 
RAND 


Sardines 

F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND 

Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 


FainiliiiiiiiiiiiiliiHIiiiiiUllllUliiiiliiiiniiiiiliiMiiiijiiiiitM iiimiuiiniiiiiiiiiiniNimiini iniiuiiiniiiniiniiiiiii niimiiiiiiiiiimiiHmr: 


=miiitiiiiiii>iJtfiiiiiJiiiuiiiiiiiJjit)iiiiiitiJiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii  till  iiiij>(ij  i  mij  iiij  tiiii  iij  km  i  [in  nil  iiii  iii  if  iii  tin  i  mi  i  in  i  mi  iiu  i  ii  i  ■  ti  i  mi  1 1 1]  1 1  ii  i  mi  ■  in  1 1  mi  inn= 


A  Financial  Landmark 

FEOM  the  time  when  the  street  lights  of  Broad- 
way were  turned  out  on  moonlight  nights,  be- 
cause it  was  felt  that  the  moon  gave  sufficient  street 
illumination,  the  name  of  the  Chemical  Bank  has 
been  linked  with  the  highest  purposes  and  princi- 
pals of  banking. 

Founded  by  men  who  regarded  banking  as  a  public 
trust,  to  be  conducted  in  accordance  with  the  strict- 
est codes  of  personal  honor  and  integrity,  these 
principles  are  as  much  a  part  of  this  institution  to- 
day as  its  cornerstone  is. 

Upon  its  record  of  nearly  a  century  of  steadfast  ad- 
herence to  the  soundness  of  methods  and  organiza- 
tion, the  Chemical  National  Bank  invites  the  con- 
sideration of  those  desiring  banking  facilities. 

Personal  accounts  with  a  minimum  average  balance 
of  $500.00,  and  corporation  accounts  with  a  mini- 
mum average  balance  of  $1,000.00  are  accepted. 

This  bank  is  seeking  new  business  on  its  record 

Stye 

(Efyemtral  National  Sank 

nf  Jfotu  fork 


^MiiinimiiiiiimiiiiiiiniMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiim 

[  Whalen  Pulp  &  Paper  Mills,  Limited  | 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Exclusive  Manufacturers  of  the  following  well-known 
brands  of  Sulphite  Pulp 


>  Easy  Bleaching  Sulphite  I 


|  SNOWHITE  BRAND,    Bleached  Sulphite 

|  GLACIER  BRAND 

|  CRYSTAL    BRAND 

I  SWAN  BRAND 

|  SAMSON  BRAND       t  Strong  Sulph,te 

Made  under  the  most  modern  Mill  conditions  from  the 
famous  British  Columbia  Spruce 


Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs. 
95^o  to  lOOfo  air-dry. 

SWANSON  BAY  MILL 
Capacity 
40  tons 
Strong 


MILL  CREEK  MILL 

Capacity 

80  tons 

Easy  Bleaching 


PORT  ALICE  MILL    { 
Capacity 
80  tons  Bleached 
and  Easy  Bleaching 


Hi  Mil  Office: 

MERCHANTS  BANK  BUILDING 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Canada 

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'  an  uar))     19  20 

■iiiiiiiuiiuiiiuuiiitiiiiiui miiuiii niiimi iiiiiiiiiiiimimiiii mm turn iiiimiiimi miiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiinii| 

|  INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY  | 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


PRINTERS 
STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS  \ 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet   Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 

SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO       | 
EXPORT  ORDERS 

Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment  j 

Office   Furniture 
Loose   Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


I  INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY) 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

Iiiiminiiniiiniii nun uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiHiiiiuiiimimiiimiifiimiiit uiimiinmmiiiiiiiiiliiiiiimmiiiiiii'iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiir. 

HUMUiitj iiHiiiimiiiimmiiimmimiiimimiiiniimmiiiiU minium miimmimiHiiuiiimiiuiiiii imimiiit iiiiiiiiin| 


I    pabte  sddre 
Llewellyn 

Lom  Angeles 


V 


CARGO 

and 

CHAIN 

C/3 

z 

WENCHES 

*H 

o 

»s 

o 

to 

>- 

> 

< 

X 

LOS  ANGELES.CAL 

IRON  WORKS 


LOS    ANGELES    CAL. 

TANKS 

MARINE  ENGINES 
I1ARINE  BOILERS 


Code  Used       = 

ABO        § 

5th  Edition     = 


\ 


ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

INGOTS,  BILLETS,  BARS,  SHAPES 

STRUCTURAL  STEEL  FABRICATORS 


85 


juimiiii iiiillillllllllllimillllimiimimillliilllllliimil II iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiillliiiiilillii Illllll iiiiiiiiiiiiiiinliii 


You  pay  a  Compliment 
—  not  a  Price 


when 


Illllll 

=             = 

1             1 

C/5 

iiiniiiii 

0 

=         = 

z 

1     i 

NH 

=     i 

h 

i     i 

</) 

=     = 

< 

=     = 

u 

i     i 

J 

1     j 

to 

1     | 

to 

=     i 

H 

|       i 

C/5 

= 

1 

| 

Gift  Chocolates  are  Purchased  j 


Tastes — like  knowledge — are  acquired  by  edu- 
cation. 

Scores  of  people  choose  QUINBY'S  California 
Chocolate  Shop  Chocolates  as  Gift  Chocolates  for 
the  same  reason  that  they  eat  these  Chocolates 
themselves.     The  price  never  occurs  to  them. 

Packed  in  handsome,  yet  inexpensive,  handy 
boxes  of  genuine  California  Redwood. 

Extra  thick  chocolate  coatings. 


SPECIALLY  PREPARED  AND  PACKED 
FOR  EXPORT 

REPRESENTATION  DESIRED  WHERE  NOT  ALREADY 
ESTABLISHED 


217 

W.  SIXTH 
STREET 


California 

Chocolate  Shop  CHocouvte* 


LOS 

ANGELES 

CAL. 


Correspondence  in  All  Languages 

All  Codes  Used 

Cable  Address  "Quinbys,"  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


^^SiJiiiaaiii  »>ia>t>iiititii>i<jii»iiiiiiFiiiiiiiiiriiajiii<iiiii>>iiiiiti>it>tr»ijiiii>ttiiitritjiiiiitiiiiiijjiiiiiliiTiiiifiititiiiriiaiiiiiifiiiiiiiiJ>iiiiiii]iiiiiiiiii  tiir«i"vr         fiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii"iii»iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii"i!iiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniin[iiiuiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!' 


66 


Pan  Pacific 


^jrfiirfiiirjiirTiiir)Mrteir?iitririitiirFiirtMiriiiiiF[i]iiii^iiiit rti^iifciifMirriirtMiirjiiMrisifMirtiiifriiiiiMjTiiijMrfrMiiiiMjihEiMriiirpijiMiiriiiT^MirtiirtiMihiiieiiiMiMMiTMiijFiiirriiriiiir rrMir^iiiniiarrriTriirriii^reMiiii»rrimiiiTriiiTMr]piripiii7rpiij>iii^iiiriiiTfiiiiipii}iiii9iMrieiiiTiiia}Miii{MJiiiiit*iMrjjiiii^iiL^ 


JENSEN      THERMOSTAT 


PROLONGS      LIFE 
OF     ENGINE 


317  W.  Pico  Street 


It  automatically  supplies  proper  amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen 
to  make  perfect  combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  overheating 

INCREASES  MILEAGE  AND  POWER-GIVES  SPEED  AND  SNAP 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Foieign  Countries 

Samples,  Literature  and   Prices   Sent   on   Request   to  Responsible  Concerns 

MALBURN  COMPANY 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


-.iimimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimiiii imiiiiiini"! iiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii imiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiii > mil miiimiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiimiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini m mi iiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimminni^ 

jiiiiiiiiiinimiiimiminiiniiiiiiiiiliiilini'iMmiiiimiiiiimiiiliiiiiiii in MliWlMliia 


Open 

Folding  Portable  Gasoline  Camp  Stoves, 
made  of  24  gauge  steel,  black  enamel. 
No  soot,  smoke  or  odor — will  not  blow 
out.  Works  under  air  pressure. 
Send  for  literature.  Foreign  represen- 
tation desired. 


Harry  M.  Waterman 

1311  S.  Figueroa  Street 

Los  Angeles 


Closed 


MILLER 

CARBURETOR 


Mosl  Compact  and  Efficient 
Carburetor  Made 

Fewer  Parts— Absolutely  Automatic 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Parts  of  the  World 
LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


NITROLENE 

A  lubricating  Oil  of  the  Highest  Qual- 
ity. Specially  blended  and  made  in  all 
weights.  Increases  Compression  —  Re- 
duces Friction  —  Lessens  Carbon. 


sun   to   1000  Miles   frequently   obtained 
on  one  gallon  of  Nitrolene. 


=     Furnished    in    15    to    50    gallon    Steel 
|    Drams. 

I    Special  attention  to  export    orders. 


Foreign    Agencies    Desired 
Correspondence   in   all   Languages 


NITROLENE  OIL  CO.,  Inc. 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF.,  U.  S.  A. 


TiiriiiiiiMtiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiHiiniiiiiiiniiiiMiiiMiMiniiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiHiiiiuiinii?.         .Tiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiuiiniiiiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiiiiiiitiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiniiiiiiiiiiimiiitnHiimr,         -uMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiitiiiniMiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiiuiiiiiiniiinir?. 
-i£_i  i»iiiiiiiiTiTiMr»fiiii*iii[iMi)iiffitiiTiiiriiifTij4iiii]iiitiiMfiifiriiiiiiiMiiriijrtiiiiri]i[iiiriiiiiir3MiTiMiiiiitiii]iiiriiiiiii(tiiirtiiftiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM>tiiiiiiffiii^        anmiiiiiiiiiiittmHfiiiiiititHifiiitiWfrfif  1 1 1 1 11  iitnntu  1 1  iiimtHiittitiii  nut  niimi  imitii  hi  rmiiHiniitHiHiiinitiiiii  Jtmf  irmtimi  i  nmi  mtimnHHtf 


Angelus  Tire  Covers 

High  class  perfect  fitting  covers 
packed  in  neat  attractive  cartons 
which  give  absolute  satisfaction 
to  the  user. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  letter- 
ing same,  making  them  specially 
adapted  for  advertising  purposes. 

We  also  manufacture  a  com- 
plete line  of  Auto  comfy  cushions. 

Parker  &  Waterman 

1203-05  West  Washington  St. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


BLACK  BEAR  GREASES 

Cup,   Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL    INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  XT.  S.  A. 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.  Luna  Blnondo,  Manila, 


P.   I.— P.   M.   SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,   N.  S. 
P.   LAFARGUE,  Casilla  308,   Valparaiso,   Chile 


W.— 


=,iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiii niiiiiii liiiiiiiililiiiillllliililiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiliiilMliiiliillllliiliiliiliiiillillMillillllillllllilliiliiiiiiilllllliiiiiiiiiiiiiiT         aiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiininiiiiiiiniiiiiMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiniiiiiiiiiii^ 

2" iiiiiiiiiiiiiillimillllllliliiiiliilliiHiiill tiiiniiimn ii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini miniitniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilimiumimiiminnnmiiiiimiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinMiiiiiuiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiniilillllilllliliiliiiiiinMiMiiiniiiiic 


Glassine 
BAGS 


Correspondence  Solicited 
from  Jobbers  and  Exporters 


Parchment 
BAGS 


Candy 
BAGS 


Brown  Paper  Goods  Company 

224-248  WEST  HURON  ST.,  CHICAGO,  HI. 


Grease-Proof 
BAGS 


U.  S.  A. 
MANUFACTURERS 


niiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiHifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiimiiiiHiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiitHiiiimiH 


January/    19  20 


87 


£111111111111111111111111111111111111 


llllllinmmiiiiiimimimiimiiiimmimiimmimii iimnniiimii imiiiillliini         iiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiii iiiiiiiiiiniiiii i iiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiminiiiiiiiimiimiimmiiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiiillmiii:. 


KAY  BEE 
SPOTLIGHTS 

The  Most  Powerful  Spot  Light  Made 
21  Candle  Power — Nitro  Globes 


Represen- 
tation 
Desired 
in  all 
Foreign 
Countries 

Samples 
Prices  and 

Full 
Informa- 
tion Sent 
on  Request 


Weight 
11  , 

Pounds 

with 
Bracket 


Adaptable 
to  any 
Wind- 
shield 


Also  made 

in 

Motorcycle 

Type 


Instantly  Removable  from  Bracket,  its  Flood  of  White  Light 

Makes  Everything  as  Bright  as  Day 

More  Concentrated  Light  With  Less  Glare  or  Diffusion  Than 

With  any  Other  Spotlight 


|  "SWING-SPOUT"  OIL  MEASURE 

Prevents  Waste  of  Oil  and  Other  Liquids 
No  Soiled  Hands  or  Clothing 

CLEAN— SIMPLE— ECONOMICAL 

For  Garages,  Gasoline  Stations,  Automobilists 

Made  of  Copperized  Sheet  Metal 

Unconditionally  Guaranteed 

Can  be  Used  for  All  Liquids 

"THE  SPOUT  SWINGS" 


Samples 
Prices  and 

Full 
Informa- 
tion Sent 
on  Request 


Represen- 
tation 
Desired 
in  all 
Foreign 
Countries 


312  West  35th  Street 


Los  Angeles,  Calif.    I 

=    404  N.  Los  Angeles  St 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

SWING-SPOUT  MEASURE  CO. 

Los  Angeles,  Calif. 


niiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiMniiiiiiiiUiiiiiiiniiiiiMiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiuuiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiuuiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiir        =-iiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii>iiiiiiiriiiiiiiii>iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)jiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiii]iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiuitH 
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THE "MARMON" 

One  of  America's  Sturdy  Higrh-Grade 
Car» 


Renewed  Automobiles 


National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 

Los  Angeles  Export  &  Import  Co. 

Distributors  for  Export 


THE  "CADILLAC 


_„_   ..     .  _...  _..  .  ,  .  Known  the  World  Over  for  Speed. 

£.£.&   Union  Ull  IJldg.  LOS  Angeles,  Calif.  Power  and  Stability 


-. iiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii miimimiiiiiimiiiiiinmi mmnm mm 


■   1 1  ■  I M.ii    I : .  ii.  ,  i : .  1 1   ...   ii.  i . ;  .  i .  ■  1 1 .  ;  i ;   ;  i .  :  i  i . :  1 1 : . :  I  i  i :  ]  j  1 1 . " '  1 1 ;  j  1 1 :  j  1 1 1 : 1 1 1 :  j  1 1 1 !  1 1 : .  1 1 1 ' :  1 1 : ■  ^ M 1 1 ;  J 1 1 1 ! .  1 1  f  - 1 1 1  - 1  i  I  ■  1 1 :  i  :  1 1  ■ :  1 1 :  1 1 1 :  J 1 1 : '  1 1 1 ,"  1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1  ]  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! :  ]  1 1 !  n  1  r- 


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Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
PROVEN  QUALITY" 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 

iliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii iiimiinir 


HOERNER'S  ADJUSTABLE 

Valve  Seat  Facer  [ 

Only  adjustable  and  interchangeable  Valve  Seat  [ 
facer  manufactured.  Instantly  adjustable  to  any  \ 
size  valve. 

Takes  the  place  of  ten  separate  facing  tools  now  = 
necessary  at  a  saving  of  two-thirds. 

CUTTERS  AND  PILOT  STEMS  INTERCHANGEABLE     j 

Foreign  representation  desired.  Literature,  prices  and  | 
samples  sent  to  responsible  concerns. 

HALBURIN    COMPANY 

SOLE  DISTRIBUTERS  FOR 
HOERNER COMPANY 

I    317  W.  PICO  ST.  LOS  ANGELES,  OAIi.    j 

I i minimi i n i iiiiiimimiiiilii in mil iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinimiliiill iiiiiiiiiimiimiiiimiiiimr. 


88 


Pan  Pacific 


:MtiiiniiiniiitiiiiHiiiiiiiiiifiii!iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiii)iitiiiiitiiiiiiiHii!iiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiiniitiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiii^ 

I  PLANET  SUB-TIRE  | 

"A  TIRE  WITHIN  A  TIRE" 

j    Made  of  the  best  rubber  and  fabric.     Will  increase  from  50  to    j 
100  per  cent  the  mileage  on  any  casing,  new  or   old. 
This  Sub-Tire, 

NOT  BEING  CEMENTED  IN, 

may  be  readily  transferred  from  one  casing  to  another. 

Extra  Thickness  Soft  Cushion  Rubber  Prevents  I 

Prevents  Punctures  Friction  and  Stone  Bruises 


Stiffens 
mi    Sidewalls 
Prevents    I 
Rim  Cuts 


Extends  to  Base  of  Rim  Prevents  Pirn  Blow  Outs 


|    MORE  EFFICIENT  THAN  ANY  ARTICLE  EVER  DESIGNED    | 
FOR  A  SIMILAR  PURPOSE 


Foreign 

Literature 

Correspondence    = 

Representation 

on 

In  all 

Desired 

Request 

Languages           - 

MANUFACTURED   BY       >-' 

Planet  Rubber  Co. 


i     128  E.  NINTH  ST. 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.    | 


U.   S.   A. 

jfiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiMiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiMiiuiin iiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniuii 


I 


|  Every  legitimate  facility  for  the  extension   [ 

of  your  trade,  either  Foreign  or 

Domestic,  is  offered  by  the 


flfcetcbants  National 
Bank 

of 

%o&  Hnaeles,  Calif. 


j  and  all  persons  establishing  a  connection 

!  with  this  institution  will  immediately  find 

1 1  themselves  most  advantageously   placed   lm- 

I  for  the  development  of  their  business   |IM| 


>v.  -|llllli!llillllllliluiiliiii!iiHinnuill!iillnillllllill[lllllllll!ll[llllllllluillilllllliuilllliililllliiii!iliuilluilllliluiilrHiiniiiii)iiu."   \f) 


XMiiiiiihiliniiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiliiiMnHlMiiliiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiilitilliiiiiiiiitiMnMitiiiniiiiiiiiiiiHiiHiiiiiiiHiiiiiiitiiiiMiniimiiiitiiti^         ^iiiiniitniiniiHiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiniiMiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiniiiniiniiiiiiiMiiiiiiuiiMiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin^ 


Grain  Driers 


oving  Excess 

Moisture  from: 

Wheat 

Coffee 

Maize 
Oats 
Cereals 
Seeds 

Rice 

Beans 

Peas 

Peanuts 

Cottonseed 

Palm  Nuts 

Copra 

Ellis  Ball  Bearing  Rotary  Drier 

Rotary  Driers 

For  Removing  Excess  Moisture,  Sterilizing,  Roasting    j 
and  Cooking  the  following: 


Corn  Meal 
Corn  Grits 
Corn  Germs 
Hominy 
Flour 
Feeds 
Write  for  Catalog 


Salts 

China  Clays 

Fertilizers 

Phosphates 

Ores 

Graphite 

Chemicals 

Cable  Address  "Edco" 


|  THE  ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY, ,32  scSiPc\SGAoLLu  ssT  aeet  I 

rjMiniiiiiiiiiiniiiuiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiliiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiirF, 


NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head   Office,  Tokyo 


Fleet  99 — Gross  Tonnage,  500,000 

|  TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE  | 

l  Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports,   I 

Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 

I  All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

i  1 

I    Greatly    Improved    Fast    Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern     = 

Twin  and   Triple   Screw   Steamships  with   Unequaled 

Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT: 

1  S.    S.    Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons         S.  S.   Katori   Maru 19,200  tons     = 

i  S.   S.    Fushimi    Maru. ...21, 020  tons        S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

=  S.   S.    Kashima    Maru..19,200  tons        S.   S.    Kamo    Maru 16,000  tons 

|        For   further   information,   rates,    tickets,   berth    reservation,    etc.,     I 

=  apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  In  the  United  States     = 

s  and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs.     I 

e  Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist     1 

e  agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


|    Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


,511111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIU 


January     19  20 


:iitmiiiiiiiiiiiiiui!imimnMiiiiiiNimiii!iiiitiitt'_: 


If 
I 


r*s.~->.~-<.^l        JANUARY,  1920 

-■<■-■■■--■-■■--■--  m  voi.v 


1 1 1 j  1  i  1 1  r  1 1  j  1 1 1 1  t r  1 1  ri 1 1 r  = 


No.  3    I' 


iiuiimiiiuiimiimiimi 


Fin iiiiiiiMiniiiiiiiitiiiiiiiitiimiitHiiiiiiiiiiii.- 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Win.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

B.  A.  McKelvie  Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M. Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M China 

H.   M.   Dias   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL,  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  information  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United   States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  26  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  In  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC   CORPORATION,    Publisher! 
618  Mission   Street,  San    Francisco 


i 

■♦:♦ 

(!) 
I 

I 

I 
I 

fi) 


I 
1 


X 


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Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

How  Little  We  Know  of  Resources  of  Australia  Guaranty  Trust  Co.  91 

Ships,  Imperative  Need  For  Australian  Trade  Mark  Sheldon  93 

Exporters  Study  Far  East  Field  for  Permanent  Trade C.  E.  Bosworth  9U 

Japan  Sees  Necessity  For  Developing  World  Trade  95 

Development  of  Transportation  Opens  Opportunities  in  China 96 

Pacific  Coast  Must  Not  Overlook  Latin-American  Trade E.  D.  Riser  98 

Opportunities  for  American  Capital  in  Chile Arturo  Lorca  99 

India  Offers  Most  Thrilling  Rail  Ride  in  World S.  H.  Ilderton  103 

Filipinos  Are  Eager  for  Independence J.  J.  Rafferty  10U 

South  Africa  Offers  Ready  Market  for  Coast  Products. B.  A.  McKelvie  105 

Pointers  To  U.  S.  Exporters ..H.  H.  Miller  106 

Exhibition  Trade  Ship  to  Sail  Seas. T.  W.  Sheffield  107 

Source  of  Foreign  Credit  Data.. Ernest  L.  Little  107 


>.^^  muni  inn  m m  MMiiiir  iiimii  iiiittMiiiiiii  tiiiijiiniiitiliMii  iiiiiii  iiit-iriiitiriiitiii  iirjiiiiiiiiiiii  iiitiii  iiiiiii  iiMltijiiliiiiiitiijiiiiiiiiiiiitiitiiiiiii  iiiniuniiiiiirtin 1 1  nu  1 1  ri  u  n  1 1 1  m  nu  i  mi  lij  i  j  tint,  1 1  uii  1 1 1  n  m  n  riiiiiiiiiiiiiniHiUuiiimiiiiiiliiinimiiiiiiiiiunimMiiiP  < 


ran   raci/ie 

Tiirnimmiiniiimiiiiiimiiiiiimiii llililiimilMniiiliiiliiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiHiiiniiniiin iiinimnimiiimiiiiiiiiiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiimiiiii itiiiiiiiinniiiilllilliiiiii imimninillliiimilir's 


4ttB  Occam    Transport    0>.,wd. 

(   TAIYO    KAIUN   KABUSHIKI  KAISHA  ) 

OF    KOBE.  JAPAN 

Handlers  of  Am  erican  Cargo  for 
European,  South  American  and  Oriental  Ports 

All  Vessels  Registered  100  A-l  Lloyd's 

Steamers  berthed  for  Vladivostok  and  North  China  Ports 

as  inducement  offers 

Pacific  sailings  for  Orient  from  San  Francisco  and  Seattle 

Atlantic  sailings  from  New  York,  New  Orleans  and  Atlantic  ports  to 
principal  Orient  ports,  to  Europe  and  South  America 

<rans  Oceanic  G>. 

General  Agents  for  United  States  and  Canada 
SAN  FRANCISCO  :  324  SANSOME  STREET 

NEW  YORK:     280  Broadway  NEW  ORLEANS:     Hibernia  Bank  Building 

SEATTLE:     American   Bank  Building  VANCOUVER:     Yorkshire   Building 


3 


IIHIIlHllHHllllimmiiliiiiiimiimiiii iiimmillii.nnmiilliiimimiii niiimiMiimiM»iMiimumimimillHII!IIIIHIIIIHMIimimilimiHlllllllimimMIIUIIIIIimnillllllUIIIIIII^  Ill3 


January)     19  20 


91 


international  commerc 

How  Little  We  Know  of  Resources  of 

iYUStrftllci— Pointed  out  by  Guaranty  Trust  Co. 


WE  have  made  rapid  strides  in 
building  up  commercial  relations 
With  Australia  in  the  past  year,  yet 
the  people  of  the  United  States  know 
little  about  the  vast  resources  of  the 
island  continent,  a  country  larger  than 
the  United  States,  excluding  Alaska, 
and  with  a  population  less  than  that 
of  New  York  City. 

We  have  only  a  vague  conception  of 
its  millions  of  acres  of  grazing  lands — 
in  a  climate  which  permits  the  stock 
to  feed  on  the  natural  pastures  the 
year  round — and  of  its  enormous 
tracts  suitable  for  the  growing  of  prac- 
tically all  agrieidtural  products,  such 
as  wheat,  alfalfa,  oats,  rye,  sugar 
cane,  bananas  and  pineapples,  and 
other  tropical  fruits. 

In  1913  Australia  bought  German 
goods  valued  at  $35,000,000,  and  the 
United  States  sold  her  only  $25,000,- 
000.  In  the  year  ending  June  30, 
1919,  American  exports  to  Australia 
amounted  to  $109,000,000  there  being 
of  course  no  German  exports  during 
the  war.  Sentiment  against  the  Ger- 
mans is  still  very  strong  in  Australia, 
and  the  United  States  will  probably 
import  a  large  share  of  the  commodi- 
ties formerly  sent  to  Germany. 

Before   the   war   British   exports   to 
Australia    amounted    to    about    $250,- 
000,000  yearly,  and  the  principal   ex- 
ports    from     Australia — wool,     gold, 
wheat,   meat,    hides,    and   skins — were 
shipped    to   the   English    market.    The 
subsequent     curtailment     of     exports 
from  Europe   resulted   in   a   large   in- 
crease in  trade  with  Japan,  which  sup- 
plied    Australia     with     quantities     of 
glass,    china,    metal    goods,    chemicals 
and  matches,  hosiery,  underwear,  cal- 
ico, prints,  and  other  cotton  goods. 
Greatest   Wool   Producer 
And  Big  Wheat  Exporter 
The  greatest  producer  of  wool  in  the 
world,   and   ranking  high   among  the 
nations  exporting  wheat,  Australia  is 
also  a  metallurgist's  paradise,  contain- 
ing rich  workings  of  iron,  zinc,   gold, 
copper,  tin,  silver,  molybdenite,  tung- 
sten  ores,   platinum,   and   radio-active 
uranium  ores,   as  well   as   deposits  of 


diamonds,    sapphires,    emeralds,    opals, 
turquoise,  tourmaline,  and  rubies. 

Australia's  resources  are  such  that 
she  could  easily  support  a  population 
of  50,000,000.  The  Eastern  states,  New 
South  Wales,  Victoria  and  Queensland, 
have  comparatively  little  arid  interior. 
All  the  states  are  undoubtedly  capable 
of  great  development.  In  Queensland, 
which  runs  into  the  tropical  and  sub- 
tropical   zones,    practically    anything 


World's  Biggest  Harbor 

THE  San  Francisco  Chamber  of 
Commerce  issued  a  statement  that 
Saai  Francisco  is  situated  upon  the 
largest  land-locked  harbor  in  the  world. 
The  statement  was  challenged  by  a 
contra-statement  that  the  harbor  of  Rio 
do  Janeiro  is  a  larger  land-locked  har- 
bor than  San  Francisco.  An  investiga- 
tion by  the  Research  Department  of 
the  Chamber  resulted  in  the  following 
answer: 

"  1  lippincott  's  Gazetteer  of  the 
World  describes  Rio  Janeiro  Harbor  as 
1  icing  22  miles  in  its  greatest  length 
and  17  miles  in  its  greatest  width.  The 
same  authority  specifies  San  Francisco 
Bay  as  being  50  miles  long  and  12  miles 
in  its  greatest  width,  which  includes 
San  Pablo  Bay  and  excludes  Suisun 
Bay," 

The  area  of  Rio  de  Janeiro  Harbor 
is  about  172  square  miles  while  that  of 
San  Francisco  Bay  is  about  450  square 
utiles  or   over  twice  as  large." 


can  be  grown— dairy  products  and 
grain  abound  in  the  South,  and  a  few 
hundred  miles  north  pineapples,  ba- 
nanas, and  sugar  cane  grow  in  abun- 
dance. South  of  Victoria  the  small 
island  of  Tasmania  has  a  climate  prob- 
ably unequalled  anywhere  in  the  world, 
with  fine  resources  of  minerals  and 
grain. 

The  Australian  market  is  especially 
desirable  to  the  United  States,  as  the 
seasons  are  the  reverse  of  those  here, 
the  Australian  summer  being  at  the 
time  of  the  American  winter.  Owing 
to  the  custom  of  Australian  merchants 
of  placing  their  orders  about  nine 
months  before  the  goods  are  required, 
orders  in  sufficient  volume  would  en- 
able American  manufacturers  to  run 
continuously    in    the    domestic    "off- 


season." Australian  orders  could  be 
filled  during  the  dull  season  which 
occurs  in  the  United  States  between 
the  regular  seasonal  shipments  for  do- 
mestic trade. 

Ncp  or  shrdlu  shrdlu  shrdlu  shr 
Credits  Are  Drawback 
To  Trade  With  America 
"One  of  the  great  drawbacks  to 
trade  relations  between  the  two  coun- 
tries is  the  question  of  credits,"  writes 
American  Trade  Commissioner  Ferrin, 
from  Melbourne.  "American  manufac- 
turers would  hardly  consider  appoint- 
ing an  Australian  representative  and 
allowing  him  to  take  orders  on  open 
account  with  thirty  to  sixty  days' 
sight  draft  after  arrival  of  the  goods. 
"The  American  salesmen  would  find 
considerable  difficulty  in  ascertaining 
the  financial  standing  of  local  mer- 
chants, and,  on  the  other  hand,  Aus- 
tralian merchants  accustomed  to  the 
liberal  terras  granted  by  English  and 
German  houses,  would  not  be  inclined 
to  make  purchases  and  pay  cash  when 
the  goods  were  shipped.  Some  Aus- 
tralian bankers  realize  the  situation 
and  are  willing  to  make  arrangements 
with  New  York  banks  to  pay  Ameri- 
can manufacturers  for  their  goods  upon 
receipt  of  the  invoices  and  shipping 
documents,  when  properly  authorized 
by  the  Australian  merchants,  who  will 
pay  the  interest,  exchange  and  collec- 
tion fees  upon  terms  prearranged  with 
the  bankers. 

"This  gives  the  American  merchant 
the  cash  payment  which  he  desires, 
guarantees  the  Australian  that  the 
goods  have  actually  been  shipped,  and 
in  addition  local  banks  provide  the 
credits  necessary  for  the  Australians 
to  do  business." 

Australian  merchants  feel  that 
while  it  is  advisable  for  representa- 
tives of  American  firms  to  make  trips 
to  the  Australian  market,  in  order  to 
establish  connections,  local  agents  can 
conduct  the  business  more  satisfactor- 
ily, as  they  know  the  financial  stand- 
ing of  the  prospective  purchasers  more 
intimately,  and  also  the  best  time  to 
make  shipments  and  the  grade  of 
goods  required. 


92 


Pan    Pacific 


Broadly  speaking,  there  is  a  prefer- 
ential  tariff   in   favor    of    the   United 
Kingdom,  of  five  to  ten  per  cent.     In 
some  items  it  is  much  higher. 
What   Australia   Needs 
America  Could  Supply 

There  is  a  great  scarcity  of  many 
goods  in  Australia.  The  chief  short- 
age in  stocks  which  must  be  replen- 
ished by  importations  is  found  in  tin- 
plate,  galvanized  iron,  wire  and  copper 
cable,  steel  and  iron  girders,  joists, 
plates,  sheets  and  bars,  gas  tubes  and 
fittings,  paints,  shellac,  putty,  cutlery, 
tools,  aluminum,  enamelled  and  hol- 
low ware,  gasoline  engines,  motor 
goods,  builders'  hardware  of  all  sorts, 
composition  roofing  products,  chemi- 
cals, food  products,  and  office  appli- 
ances. 

Articles  known  as  "tools  of  trade" 
are  purchased  in  large  quantities  from 
America,  despite  a  natural  preference 


market  for  years  because  our  manu- 
facturers did  not  put  a  sample  ma- 
chine into  the  hands  of  a  good  agent, 
and  they  were  finally  introduced  by 
an  importer  who  took  a  chance  on 
their  success.  Unnecessary  risk  can  be 
avoided  by  the  exporter  by  thorough 
banking  connections — to  discover  the 
reliability  of  the  Australian   agent. 

The  greater  number  of  the  manufac- 
turing plants  and  the  largest  engi- 
neering shops  are  in  Sydney,  New 
South  Wales,  and  in  Melbourne,  Vic- 
toria, which  places  produce  an  equal 
amount  of  manufactured  goods.  The 
rapid  expansion  of  the  meat  and  meat- 
canning  industries  of  Queensland  will 
result  in  an  increased  demand  for 
American  machinery.  The  same  is  true 
of  Western  Australia,  with  its  gold 
mining   development. 

The  exclusive  agency  is  a  popular 
Australian  means   of   selling   and   dis- 


ORIENT  PIER  AND  CUSTOM   HOUSE,  SYDNEY 


for  British  goods.  Australia  is  rapidly 
increasing  her  manufactures,  and  there 
is  an  insistent  demand  for  certain 
classes  of  American  machinery  and 
machine  tools.  As  a  majority  of  the 
engineering  establishments  are  also 
jobbing  shops,  the  engineers  in  charge 
are  averse  to  buying  from  catalogues 
and  desire  actual  demonstrations,  espe- 
cially of  new  machines. 

Most  of  the  sales  are  accordingly 
made  after  a  sample  machine  has 
been  received  by  the  agent  from  the 
importer.  A  substantial  additional 
discount  on  introductory  orders  should 
be  allowed,  especially  on  highly  spe- 
cialized lines;  otherwise  there  is  not 
sufficient  incentive  to  warrant  the  im- 
porter taking  the  risk  of  adaptation 
of  the  machine  to  local  conditions. 

Types  of  American  machines,  which 
subsequently  enjoyed  exceptional  sales 
were     kept     out     of    the     Australian 


trtbuting  machinery  and  accessories. 
It  is  a  country  where  vast  distances 
must  be  travelled  in  seeking  orders, 
and  where  modern  machinery  is  just 
being  introduced,  and  therefore  the 
agent  who  stocks  a  new  machine  as 
an  experiment  usually  asks  that  he  be 
protected  by  an  exclusive  contract. 

Before  closing  exclusive  contracts 
for  any  line  of  goods,  however,  it  is 
highly  important  to  ascertain  whether 
the  firm  is  really  in  the  wholesale 
business,  and  whether  it  possesses  the 
personnel  and  equipment  to  produce 
results.  Unfortunate  results  have  fol- 
lowed carelessnees  on  the  part  of 
American  manufacturers  in  this  re- 
gard, in  some  instances  exclusive 
agency  contracts  having  been  granted 
to  firms  in  Australia  engaged  in  the 
retail  business. 

Since  the  war,  many  Australian  im- 
porters  have   arranged  for  cash  pay- 


Articles  Australia  Imports 
From  the  United  States 
The  principal  articles  exported  froid 

the    United    Stales    to    Australia    are| 

listed   below: 

ETeodstuffs   of   animal   origin —preserved    fish, 

meats. 
Rosin,  cork  and  fibres. 

Wearing  apparel  and  textiles  of  all  kinds. 
oils,  fats  and  waxes. 
Paints  and  varnishes, 
lithographic  oil  and  whetstones. 
Aluminum  and  bronze. 
Copper  tubing. 
Iron  and  steel. 

Cash  registers  and  computing  machines. 
Gas  and  oil  engines. 
Agricultural  and  dairying  machinery- 
Electrical  appliances. 
Mining  machinery  and  tools. 
Sewing  machines  and  typewriters. 
Metal  manufactures  of  all  kinds. 
Corrugated    and    galvanized    iron — wire    an 

wire  netting. 
Lamps  and  lampware. 
Nails  and  all  tools  of  trade. 
Boots  and  shoes. 

Rubber  and  leather  manufactures. 
Furniture  and  dressed  and  undressed  timber 
Glass  and   glassware,   earthenware. 
Paper  and  stationery. 
Fancy  goods  and  jewelry. 
Chemicals  and  fertilizers,  drugs. 
Brush  ware. 
Oilmen's  stores. 
Soap. 
Automobiles,     bicycles     and     tricycles,     and 

other  vehicles. 
1'ianos  and  musical  instruments. 
Foodstuffs    of    vegetable    origin — fresh    and 
dried    fruits,    infants'    and    invalids'    foods, 
hops. 
Tobacco  (mostly  unmanufactured),  glue  and 

gelatine. 

ment  against  documents  in  New  York, 
and  there  is  little  probability  of  an 
early  return  to  the  old  method  of  sight 
draft  with  documents.  The  price  list  in 
almost  universal  use  in  Australia  is 
made  on  a  small,  loose  sheet  with  3x/4  I 
in.  holes  at  3  in.  centers.  The  advantage 
of  conforming  to  such  styles  of  price- 
lists  and  insuring  the  maintenance  of 
complete  files  of  prices  is  apparent. 
Australian  importers  are  close  readers 
of  the  leading  American  machinery 
trade  journals,  and  information  re- 
garding new  types  of  machines  is  often 
requested  on  the  strength  of  these  ad- 
vertisements. 

Practically  all  machinery  is  subject 
to  customs  tariff  in  Australia  and  must 
undergo  inspection,  and  for  this  reason 
it  is  preferable  to  leave  one  board  on 
the  top  of  the  case  not  hoop-ironed 
or  nailed,  but  simply  screwed  down. 
This  board  should  be  located  so  as  to 
give  a  good  view  of  the  machine.  The 
loading  and  warehousing  facilities  in 
Australia,  outside  of  the  State  capi- 
tals and  one  or  two  ports,  such  as 
Newcastle,  are  not  the  best,  and  few 
cranes  are  employed,  so  that  strong 
packing  is  desirable. 

Now  that  the  war  is  over  there  are 
exceptional  opportunities  in  Australia 
for  the  sale  of  construction  materials, 
and  many  public  improvements  are 
contemplated,  such  as  additions  to 
railways  and  new  lines,  bridge  build- 
ing, construction  of  subways,  exten- 
sion of  wharves,  opening  of  mines,  es- 
tablishment of  manufacturing  plants 
and  building  of  grain  elevators. 

American  shoes  are  looked  upon 
with  the  same  high  favor  in  Australia 
as  in  other  parts  of  the  world.  Medium 
and  fine  grade  American  shoes,  al- 
though  selling   at   higher  prices   than 


an  u  ar  \)     19  2  0 


93 


thers  on  the  market,  are  preferred 
y  most  Australians  and  they  are  quite 
illing  to  pay  the  difference.  In  men's 
lilies,  three-fifths  or  more  of  the  trade 
s  in  boots  (high  shoes),  but  with  the 
ounger  men  shoes  and  Oxfords  are 
fining  in  popularity,  especially  in 
lie  capital  cities. 

In  women's  shoes,  shapes  that  are 
genuinely  new  in  America  will  meet 
with  Australian  approval.  Because 
of  their  style.  American  "low  cuts" 
are  especially  popular.  Pumps  are 
generally  referred  to  as  "court  shoes" 
and  stray  pumps  as  "bar  shoes."  For 
smart  American  shoes  from  the  best 
makers  the  women  are  willing  to  pay 
fifteen  dollars  and  eighteen  dollars  a 
pair. 

The  Australian  market  for  children's 
footwear  is  simply  a  duplicate  of  the 
American  market,  with  the  greatest 
demand  for  cheap  and  medium  grades, 
although  the  better  stores  in  the  capi- 
tal cities  find  a  ready  sale  for  the  most 
expensive  lines.  '  Moccasins  (Indian 
slippers')  enjoy  a  good  sale  and  are 
very  popular — ,so  much  so,  in  fact,  that 
several  Australian  firms  have  under- 
taken their  manufacture,  but  their  pro- 
duction does  not  seem  to  lessen  the 
demand  for  the  American  article. 
Imports  of  Textiles 
Quarter  of  Customs 
The  importance  of  textiles  in  the 
Australian  import  trade  may  be  appre- 
ciated when  it  is  pointed  out  that  this 
branch  furnishes  about  25  per  cent, 
of  tbe  total  net  revenue  collected  from 
customs  and  excise.  The  handicap  in 
the  past  to  the  development  of  trade 
with  American  manufacturers  has  been 
their  reluctance  to  adopt  British 
widths,  and  importers  have  had  diffi- 
culty in  placing  American  goods  witli 
local  buyers  accustomed  to  cutting 
from  the  English  goods.  In  tickings 
the  variations  in  widths  are  as  fol- 
lows: American,  31  to  33  inches;  Eng- 
lish, 63  to  72  inches.  For  prints,  the 
American  width  is  about  24  inches, 
while  the  Australian  demand  is  based 
upon  a  32  to  33-inch  requirement. 

Another  complaint  has  been  that 
American  manufacturers  will  not  cater 
to  Australian  tastes  in  the  matter  of 
patterns,  whereas  the  British  will 
make  any  pattern  the  buyer  desires. 
American  packing  is  also  criticized  by 
the  Australians — as  in  other  foreign 
countries — and  it  is  pointed  out  that 
British  exporters  board  the  top  and 
bottom  of  each  bale  so  that  hooks  can- 
not penetrate,  and  the  bale  is  kept  in 
shape.  Australians  have,  however,  the 
greatest  regard  for  the  quality  of  the 
American  cotton  goods  and  there  is  no 
quarel  about  prices.  American  cotton 
tweeds  are  also  in  favor. 


NEW    SOUTH    WALES   OSTRICH    FARM 


Ships  Imperative  Need 

For  Australian  Trade 


r  I  MIE  need  for  the  establishment  of 
■*-  a  modern  line  of  freight  and  pas- 
senger steamships  between  the  United 
States  and  Australia  is  imperative  if 
the  trade  of  the  two  countries  is  to  be 
developed  in  the  manner  which  geo- 
graphical locations  make  possible. 

This  was  the  predominant  thought 
ill  the  maiden  American  speech  of 
Mark  Sheldon,  new  commissioner  from 
Australia  to  this  country,  when  he 
spoke  before  the  San  Francisco  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  upon  his  arrival  in 
the  United  States.  He  has  since  taken 
up  his  duties  at  New  York. 

Mr.  Sheldon  declared  Australia  now 
looks  to  the  United  States  for  virtually 
all  of  its  soft  lumber,  the  American 
trade  having  taken  this  business  from 
the  Baltic.  He  outlined  the  necessi- 
ties, possibilities  and  difficulties  gov- 
erning future  trade  relations  between 
the  two  countries  with  particular  ref- 
erence to  the  Pacific  Coast.  He  said 
in  part: 

Per    Capita    Wealth    Great 
And   Needs   Are   Enormous 

"Australia  has  come  fo  the  stage 
where  she  is  determined  to  make  an 
advancement  among  the  people  of  the 
world.  She  has  about  3,000,000  miles 
of  very,  very  rich  lands.  She  has  most 
overy  sort  of  climatic  conditions  ex 
cept  the  very  severe.  We  have,  in 
our  country,  about  5,000,000  people 
and  we  want  more  people,  but  we  want 
the  right  sort.  Australia  is  determin- 
ed on  its  policy  of  'not  just  any  one' 
and  rigidly  adheres  to  this  policy. 
Our  people  are  even  more  democratic 
than   yours. 

"Every  second  person  in  Australia 
has  a  bank  account  of  an  average  of 
$150  apiece  in  the  Government  Sav- 
ings Bank,     We  have  a  different  sys- 


tem in  our  banking.  There  are  only 
a  few  banks  which  operate  all  over 
the  country — about  fifteen  to  twenty. 
In  these  banks  there  are  deposits  of 
about  $1,500,000,000  to  '  the  credit  of 
the  people. 

"Australia  is  a  very  wealthy  coun- 
try. She  is  a  great  consumer  of  your 
goods,  and  you  do  in  the  United  States 
or  did  last  year,  send  us  about  25  per 
cent  of  our  total  imports.  These,  of 
course,  are  of  a  lucrative  nature  and 
there  are  few  raw  materials  come. 

"A  great  many  articles  of  trade — 
such  as  tools  and  manufactured  goods 
come  from  the  East  and  Middle  West. 
There  is  one  line  that  must  go  on  in- 
creasing and  increasing.  That  is  the 
i  umber  business.  We  have  no  soft 
woods  in  Australia.  Our  woods  are 
heavy  rnd  hard,  and  we  want  your 
soft  v.  oods  for  ail  sorts  of  commercial 
purposes.  Before  the  war,  the  Baltic 
furnished  these  against  Puget  Sound 
points  and  along  this  coast.  You  have 
ousted  the  trades  from  the  Baltic  and 
now  have  the  market. 

Return  Cargo   Problem 
Must    Be   Worked   Out 

"One  of  the  outstanding  questions 
on  your  Pacific  coast  is  that  of  'back 
cargoes.'  Unfortunately,  you  are  not 
a  great  manufacturing  people  and  can- 
not use  our  wools  or  grains.  Aus- 
tralia is  primarily  a  grazing  country 
and  the  chief  export  is  wool.  We 
have  exported  this  year  about  $250,- 
000,000  worth  of  wool.  We  have  had 
a  poor  season  for  wheat,  but  in  a  good 
season  produce  150,000,000  to  160,- 
000,000  bushels  of  wheat. 

"Then  there  is  coal;  we  used  to  ex- 
port  all    our    coal    to    this    coast   and 
then   some  of  these  gentlemen  in  the 
(Continued  on  page  110) 


94 


Pan    Pacific 


Exporters  Study  Far  East  Field 
For  Permanent  Trade -saysc .e .Bosworth 


ONE  of  the  most  convincing  bits 
of  evidence  that  American  ex- 
port business  is  to  be  put  upon  a 
Bound  basis  is  the  study  of  distribu- 
tion which  some  of  our  manufacturers 
are  now  making.  The  scramble  to  fill 
the  big,  easily  obtained  orders  which 
came  to  us  from  overseas  led  many 
manufacturers  who  had  formerly  filled 
only  domestic  orders  to  believe  that 
they  had,  in  truth,  become  exporters, 
but  as  the  foreign  markets  became 
temporarily  saturated  these  commer- 
cial plums  fell  in  constantly  decreas- 
ing numbers,  and  those  who  wished  to 
continue  their  activities  abroad  de- 
cided to  square  away  on  a  new  tack- 

American  firms  particularly  suffer 
from  what  we  might  call  "mal-repre- 
sentation. ' ' 

The  study  of  distribution  in  Aus- 
tralasia and  the  Tropical  Far  East  for 
articles  of  common  and  every  day  use 
developed  New  Zealand  something  like 
this: 

NEW  ZEALAND 

Population:  1,000,000,  all  white  ex- 
cept for  a  few  thousand  Maoris,  thor- 
oughly civilized  and  having  a  reason- 
able purchasing  capacity. 

Climate:  Comparable  commercially 
to  that  of  our  Southern  and  Middle 
Atlantic  States  with  the  continually 
warm  sections  in  the  extreme  north. 
Reasons  reversed  in  relation  to  ours. 

Industries :  Agriculture,  dairying, 
mining  and  manufacturing  with  the 
raising  of  sheep  and  cattle  and  the 
production  of  frozen  meats,  butter  and 
cheese  engaging  the  greater  propor- 
tion of  all  but  the  urban  population. 

Communication:  Direct  steamer  ser- 
vice from  Vancouver  via  Honolulu  and 
Fiji :  from  San  Francisco  via  Honolulu 
and  Samoa  to  Sydneyr  requiring  trans- 
shipment at  Sydney;  also  from  San 
Francisco  via  Tahiti. 

Market  Peculiarities:  Per  capita,  the 
richest  country  in  the  world.  Most  of 
the  people  Scotch  and  English.  Quality' 
products  most  desired.  Australia  not 
favored  as  a  source  of  supply  for 
goods  imported  from  other  countries. 

Wholesale  Distributing  Centres : 
Auckland,  Wellington,  Christchurch, 
Dunedin-  Wellington  best  location  for 
principal  sales  headquarters. 

Important  Retail  Centres:  Auckland, 
Wanganui,  Gisborne,  Palmerston 
North,  Napier,  Wellington  (in  the 
North  Island)  and  Christchurch,  Ti- 
marn.  Nelson  and  Invercargill  (in  the 
South  Island). 

Tt  will  be  seen  from  this  analysis  of 
the  New  Zealand  market  that  with  a 
customer  in  Auckland  furnishing  the 


only  outlet  in  the  Dominion,  not  much 
of  an  entry  has  been  made  into  this 
particular  market.  "  Normally,  New 
Zealand  imports  about  $80,000,000 
worth  of  machinery  and  merchandise, 
and  normally  the  United  States  fur- 
nishes only  from  $5,000,000  to  $6,500,- 
000  worth.  Largely  because  American 
exporters  have  never  studied  distribii- 
tion  in  New  Zealand,  is  why  these  fig- 
ures concerning  imports  from  the 
United  States  are  so  small. 

Sales  representatives  for  the  classes 
of  merchandise  which  we  are  consid- 
ering should  cover  the  whole  dominion 


Dutch   East   Indies    Fair 

A  MOST  favorable  opportunity  foi 
gaining  a  foothold  in  the  mar- 
kets of  the  Dutch  East  Indies  will 
present  itself  in  May  when  a  fair  is 
to  be  held  in  Bandoeng,  which  is  two 
hours   by    rail   from    Batavia,    Java. 

American  manufacturers  should  not 
overlook  the  fact  that  the  population 
of  the  Islands  of  Java  alone  is  30,- 
000,000.  The  classes  of  goods  which 
would  find  a  ready  sale  are:  Motor 
cars,  cycles,  lorries  and  vans,  motor- 
boats,  oil  mill  and  sugar  mill  ma- 
chinery; engines  of  all  kinds,  espe- 
cially engines  which  can  use  petrol, 
petroleum,  or  petroleum  residue;  civil 
and  sanitary  engineering  requisites; 
electric  lighting  apparatus;  planting 
requisites  and  articles  for  native  use; 
hollow-ware,  boots  and  shoes,  mining 
requisites   and   portable   railways 

At  the  last  pre-war  fair  Germany 
had  in  operation  a  complete  portable 
railway.  At  the  coming  fair  it  is 
proposed  to  exhibit  all  articles  of  for- 
eign origin  necessary  to  start  new  in- 
dustries or  for  the  improvement  and 
development  of  existing  industries,  in- 
cluding machinery,  etc.  American 
manufacturers  should  avail  themselves 
of  this  opportunity  to  make  good  dis- 
plays of  their  goods. 


not  less  than  four  times  a  year.  Tn 
Auckland,  special  efforts  should  be 
made  to  secure  the  co-operation  of 
those  companies  trading  with  the  out- 
lying islands,  and  in  Auckland,  Well- 
ington and  Christchurch  particularly, 
special  attention  should  be  paid  to  the 
farmers'  co-operative  societies.  The 
agent  or  wholesaler  who  does  not 
"play  these  special  bets,"  and  who 
docs  not  secure  retail  distribution  in 
all  of  these  centers,  is  not  handling 
the  New  Zealand  territory  efficiently. 
On  the  whole,  we  know  more  about 
Australia  than  about  New  Zealand, 
but  few  of  us  have  ever  made  a  study 
to  learn  what  our  distribution  on  this 
great  island  contingent  ought  to  be. 
As  a  matter  of  fact,  an  agent  or 
wholesaler  in  Sydney  is  usually  no 
more  fitted  to  cover  the  Australian. ter- 


ritory  effectively  than  an  Atlantic 
Coast  distributer  is  equipped  to  cover 
our  Southwest.  So,  for  selling  effec- 
tiveness, we  make  a  study  of  Aus- 
tralia : 

AUSTRALIA 
Popuation:  5,000,000,  all  white,  with 
the  exception  of  a  few  aborigines  of 
no  commercial  importance- 
Climate:  Comparable  commercially 
to  that  of  our  Southern  and  Middle 
Atlantic  States,  with  continually  warm 
weather  in  the  north  and  distinctly 
tropical  heat  in  the  extreme  north. 
Seasons  reversed  in  relation  to   our. 

Industries:  Sheep  and  cattle  raising 
and  agriculture  are  by  far  the  most 
important.  Mining  is  extensively  en-, 
gaged  in  some  sections;  and  in  the 
cities  manufacturing  is  constantly  in- 
creasing in  importance.  The  factory 
products  are  largely  for  home  con- 
sumption, and  rapid  development  is 
noted  in  the  manufacture  of  leather, 
boots  and  shoes,  woollens,  cigars  and 
cigarettes,  furniture,  automobile  bodies 
and  iron  work. 

Communication:  Direct  steamer  ser- 
vice from  New  York  (freight  only), 
also  from  San  Francisco,  touching  at 
Honolulu  and  Samoa,  and  from  Van- 
couver, touching  at  Honolulu,  Fiji  and 
New  Zealand.  During  the  war  some 
resourceful  traffic  managers  sent  ship- 
ments via  Japan  for  transshipment  in 
Australia-Japan  liners,  and  even  to 
Java  for  transshipment  at  Batavia  in 
the  Dutch  liners  running  to  Australia. 
These  routes  by  way  of  the  Orient  arc, 
however,  only  advisable  in  emergen- 
cies. 

Market  Peculiarities :  Australia 's 
wealth  is  evenly  distributed.  There  are 
few  o"f  the  very  rich  and  fewer  still  of 
the  very  poor.  On  account  of  the  high 
wages  paid  for  labor  the  Common- 
wealth is  frequently  called  the  "work- 
ingman's  paradise."  Quality  products 
sell  well,  but  price  is  usually  a  great 
attraction- 
Wholesale  Distributing  Centers:  In 
every  instance  the  capital  of  each 
State  is  also  the  commercial  capital, 
as  follows :  Brisbane,  Queensland,  Syd- 
ney, New  South  Wales;  Melbourne, 
Victoria,  Adelaide,  South  Australia ; 
Perth,  West  Australia,  and  Hobart. 
Tasmania. 

A  very  few  of  the  large  wholesalers 
have  branches  in  all  these  cities.  To 
those  who  actually  have  such  branches 
it  is  quite  safe  to  trust  representation 
for  all  of  Australia,  but  to  those  who 
have  only  "connections"  it  is  not.  Un- 
til the  Commonwealth  of  Australia  was 


Januar])    19  20 


95 


Japan  Sees  Necessity  for  Developing  World  Trade 


NARIXOBU  TERASHIMA  of  the 
Nippon  Yusen  Kaisha,  who  vis* 
ited  Paris  during  the  Peace  Conference 
to  study  the  shipping  situation — stop- 
ping in  the  United  States  to  examine 
the  activities  here— has  returned  to 
Tokio  with  distinctly  formed  ideas 
regarding  the  necessity  for  develop- 
ment   of   Japan's   overseas   commerce. 

"What  most  attracted  my  atten- 
tion was  that  France,  Italy  and  Hol- 
land are  making  very  active  efforts 
to  improve  the  conditions  of  their 
ports,"  began  Mr.  Terashima  in  an 
interview     in     the     Japan     Advertiser. 

"Those  countries  suffered  severe  fi- 
nancial blows  during  the  war  and  their 
leading  financiers  recognize  that  the 
only  means  of  ameliorating  the  situa- 
tion is  to  promote  foreign  trade  by 
means  of  their  own  vessels.  During 
the  war  those  countries  paid  enor- 
mous  amounts   for   the   charter  of  for- 


eign ships,  and  this  has  brought  home 
to  them  the  necessity  of  owning  mer- 
chantmen. 

"Officials  and  the  peoples  of  France, 
Italy  and  Holland  are  devoting  much 
attention  to  the  establishment  of  pow- 
erful mercantile  marines.  These  ef- 
forts are  particularly  in  France,  the 
Government  of  which  has  planned  to 
have  a  fleet  of  5,000,000  tons  before 
long,  as  compared  with  the  1,500,000 
tons  of  ships  which  France  possessed 
before  the  war.  All  of  the  nations, 
including  the  United  States,  are  pre- 
paring to  enlarge  their  shipping 
trades.  Great  Britain's  present  ton- 
nage is  3,000,000  less  than  before  the 
war;  but  her  shipyards  are  actively 
working    to    make    up    the   losses. 

"Japan  has  become  on  the  five 
great  powers  of  the  world.  We  should 
endeavor  to  increase  the  wealth  of  the 
country.     The  productivity  of  Japan  is 


limited  and  therefore  it  is  necessary 
for  the  Japanese  to  devote  their  efforts 
to  the  extension  of  their  foreign  trade 
and  of  their  shipping  operations  over- 
seas. Our  carrying  trade  should  not 
hereafter  be  based  on  the  needs  of 
this    country    alone. 

"The  resources  of  this  country  be- 
ing limited  there  is  also  a  limit  to 
the  shipping  requirements  of  the  coun- 
try's foreign  trade.  We  should  en- 
deavor, therefore,  to  extend  our  ship- 
ping operations  between  the  markets 
of  the  world;  for  instance,  to  carry 
cereals  from  Shanghai,  copra  from 
Singapore  and  sugar  from  Java  to 
Europe.  It  is  necessary  that  we  open 
and  maintain  shipping  services  which 
have  no  direct  bearing  on  Japan.  I 
am  convinced  that  the  fundamental 
policy  of  Japan's  shipping  should  be 
to  extend  the  trade  internationally 
and   in   all   waters  of  the  world." 


effected  there  was  no  free  trade  be- 
tween States.  Naturally  the  activities 
of  wholesalers  were  confined  in  those 
days  to  their  own  particular  States, 
and  it  is  probable  that  the  circumspec- 
tion which  confined  their  endeavors 
then  is  largely  responsible  for  the  gen- 
eral continuance  of  wholesalers  doing 
a  one  State  business.  There  are  other 
reasons,  but  the  fact  that  it  is  so  is 
our  chief  concern. 

Therefore,  as  a  general  proposition, 
agencies  should  be  placed  for  each 
State  rather  than  for  all  of  Australia, 
and  the  instances  are  very  rare  when 
it  is  advisable  to  give  any  wholesaler 
in  Australia  the  selling  rights  for  New 
Zealand.  Sometimes  it  is  all  right  to 
give  a  Melbourne  firm  the  agency  for 
Tasmania,  but  usually  it  is  advisable 
to  place  the  responsibility  for  Tas- 
maiiian  distribution  with  a  Hobart 
firm. 

There  is  one  very  important  point  to 
remember  with  regard  to  the  represen- 
tation in  Sydney,  and  that  is  the  rep- 
resentative there  should  have  charge 
of  the  trade  in  the  Pacific  islands, 
working  through  those  large  island 
trading  companies  who  specialize  in 
the  very  important  trade  of  lesser 
Oceania. 

Important  Retail  Centers:  The  popu- 
lation of  Australia  is  distinctly  urban 
by  choice,  and  almost  invariably  more 
than  half  the  population  of  each  State 
is  centered  in  the  capital  city.  Natur- 
ally the  capital  cities  offer  the  largest 
individual  outlets,  but  in  New  South 
Wales  there  are  ten  cities  with  a  popu- 
lation of  from  20,000  to  100,000  eleven 
in  Queensland,  thirteen  in  Victoria,  two 
in  Tasmania  and  one  each  in  Quens- 
land  and  West  Australia.  Of  cities 
and  towns  with  a  population  between 
10,000  and  20,000  we  find  eleven  in 
New  South  Wales,  ten  in  Victoria,  two 
in  West  Australia  and  seven  in 
Queensland;  and  of  cities  and  towns 
of  from  5,000  to  10,000  we  find  seven- 


teen in  Victoria,  six  in  South  Aus- 
tralia, twenty-five  in  New  South 
Wales,  eleven  in  Queensland  and  five 
in  West  Australia-  Besides  these  larg- 
er communities  there  are  a  score  or 
more  of  places  with  populations  of 
3,000  to  5,000  which  cater  to  many 
families  on  surrounding  stations 
(ranches). 

Another  market  in  which  we  have 
dabbled  is  that  of  the  Netherlands 
East  Indies,  the  central  figure  of  which 
is  the  Island  of  Java.  As  a  result  of 
our  war  time  introduction  to  the  im- 
portance of  this  market  we  shall  prob- 
ably indulge  in  a  little  genuine  cul- 
tivation of  it.  Its  possibilities  cer- 
tainly warrant  our  formulating  a  very 
definite  sales  plan. 

DUTCH  EAST  INDIES 

Population:  The  population  is  48,- 
000,000,  made  up  of  a  conglomeration 
of  many  races.  This  population  is 
composed  of  about  38,000,000  natives, 
usually  referred  to  as  Javanese;  560,- 
000  Chinese,  290,000  Adabs,  3,000 
Japanese,  80,000  Europeans,  of  whom 
70,000  are  Dutch,  1,000  are  German, 
and  the  rest  are  English,  French, 
Swiss,  etc. 

There  are  very  few  Americans,  but 
the  few  who  have  stayed  in  Java  long 
enough  to  make  a  lasting  impression 
on  the  people  there  have  been  of  a 
typo  whose  conduct  and  influence  have 
been  such  that  Americans  and  things 
American  are  looked  upon  with  great 
fnvor  by  natives  and  foreigners  alike. 

Climate:  Wholly  tropical. 

Industries :  Tropical  agriculture, 
such  as  the  growing  of  rice,  tobacco, 
tea.  coffee,  cocoa,  spices  and  copra,  to- 
gether with  a  practical  monopoly  of 
quinine,  a  wonderful  development  of 
fhe  sugar  industry,  rubber  plantations 
and  the  oil  business  give  the  Dutch 
East  Indies   great  wealth. 

Communication:  Steamer  service  di- 
rect from  San  Francisco.  Via  Manila, 
Hongkong    and    Singapore;    also    by 


Japanese  steamers  to  Yokohama  and 
transshipment  to  the  liners  running 
to  the  islands,  as  well  as  by  American 
steamers  to  Singapore,  where  trans- 
shipment is  necessary  to  reach  the  isl- 
ands via  straits-island  steamers. 

Market  Peculiarities :  A  typical  trop- 
ical market,  in  which  the  whites  have 
money  to  spend  and  do  spend  it, 
though  they  do  not  show  any  sugges- 
tion of  lavishness  in  their  spending, 
with  the  natives  and  other  Orientals 
making  up  a  vast  market  for  things  of 
individual  small  cost.  The  wholesal- 
ing, that  is,  the  direct  importing,  is 
controlled  by  the  Dutch,  British  and 
Germans,  but  the  retail  business  is 
dominated  by  the  Chinese-  Only  in 
the  coastal  and  resort  cities  are  the 
"white  stores"  of  importance. 

Wholesale  Distributing  Centers:  Ba- 
tavia,  Cheribon,  Semarang  and  Soera- 
baya  are  the  most  important,  with 
Tjilatjap  an  important  distributing 
center  on  the  less  important  south 
coast.  The  territory  may  be  worked 
from  Singapore,  but  much  better  re- 
sults will  be  obtained  from  a  head- 
quarters established  in  Java,  prefer- 
ably at  Batavia,  but  unless  the  repre- 
sentative devotes  all  or  nearly  all  of 
his  time  in  continuous  travel  of  the 
islands  it  is  much  better  to  choose  a 
wholesaler  who  has  branches  in  all  or 
nearly  all  of  the  above  mentioned  ci- 
ties. 

Important  Retail  Centers:  The  im- 
portant retail  centers  in  which  there 
are  considerable  numbers  of  Euro- 
peans, with  the  number  of  such  white 
inhabitants,  are  as  follows:  Batavia, 
15,000;  Bultenzorg,  24,000;  Bandoeng, 
2,200,  supplemented  by  thousands  of 
white  visitors;  Djokjakarta,  1,500,  also 
supplemented  by  thousands  of  white 
visitors;  Solo,  1,500  Europeans;  Soera- 
baya,  8,063;  Semarang,  5,126. 

It  must  not  be  considered  that  the 
opening  of  retail  accounts  in  these 
(Continued  on  page  110) 


96 


Pan    Pacific 


Development  of  Transportation 
Opens  Opportunities  in  China 


A  SURVEY  of  the  principal  coun- 
tries of  the  world  reveals  that 
interest  in  the  construction  of  new 
railways  and  in  additions  and  better- 
ments to  existing  lines  is  reviving. 
Throughout  Latin  America  railway 
projects,  which  were  suspended  dur- 
ing the  war  on  account  of  the  impos- 
sibility of  obtaining  funds  or  ships  to 
bring  the  material,  are  being  revived, 
and  construction  on  many  of  them  has 
already  commenced. 

In  both  the  Near  East  and  the  Far 
East  railways  and  extensions  are  plan- 
ned which,  in  the  aggregate,  involve 
the  expenditure  of  many  hundreds  of 
millions  of  dollars.  Ther  is  a  compre- 
hensive program  for  the  construction 
of  railways  in  Africa  which  will  take 
fifteen  years  to  complete  at  a  cost  of 
about   $800,000,000. 

The  reconstruction  of  railways  in 
Europe  which  were  destroyed  by  the 
war,  notably  in  Poland,  Roumania  and 
Russia,  will  call  for  other  hundreds  of 
millions.  Then  there  are  the  new  in- 
ternational lines,  such  as  the  Cape  to 
Cairo,  Paris  to  Constantinople,  and 
Paris  to  Bucharest. 

All  these  projects  offer  a  fruitful 
field  for  the  introduction  of  American 
railway  supplies.  Tt  must  be  borne  in 
mind  that  as  a  result  of  the  war  Amer- 
ican railway  equipment  is  being  used 
in  many  foreign  countries  which  were 
formerly  supplied  exclusively  by  Eu- 
ropean   manufacturers.         Even    India 


has  recently  been  buying  railway  ma- 
terial  in  the  United  States. 
China  Has  Awakened 
To  Need  of  Railways 

China  has  awakened  to  the  benefits 
of  railways.  In  1917  the  merchants  of 
Chinkiang  and  Yangchow  petitioned 
the  Ministry  of  Communications  to  ex- 
tend the  Pukow-Sinyang  railway  to 
Kwachow,  which  is  near  Yangchow 
and  opposite  Chinkiang.  It  is  pro- 
posed that  the  extension  should  be 
effected  by  building  a  line  from  Wuyi 
on  the  Tientsin-Pukow  railway  to 
Kwachow,  a  distance  of  some  sixty 
odd  miles. 

The  Minister  of  Communication  has 
sanctioned  the  proposal  and  the 
necessary  funds  will  be  raised  by  the 
Chambers  of  Commerce  of  Yangchow 
and  Chinkiang.  Kwachow,  Yang- 
chow and  Chinkiang  are  important 
trading  centers  through  which  the 
abundant  products  of  the  Eastern  Ki- 
angpei  must  pass,  and  it  is  believed 
that  as  soon  as  rail  communication  is 
completed  which  will  make  these  three 
cities  accessible  to  the  Tientsin  and 
Pukow  line,  and  the  Pukow-Sinyang 
line,  the  trade  development  of  these 
localities  will  be  materially  quick- 
ened. 

Belgian-French  interests  have  con- 
tracts with  the  Chinese  Government 
for  the  completion  of  railways  in  Cen- 
tral China  as  follows:  Lunghai  rail- 
way, from   Lanchowfu  to   the  sea.   ap- 


A   BUSINESS  STREET   IN   SHANGHAI 


proximately  1,100  miles.  Three  hun- 
dred and  forty-six  miles  of  this  line 
are  in  operation  between  Suchowi'u 
and  Kwanyitang. 

This  line  may  be  made  a  section  of 
an  east  and  west  transcontinental  rail- 
way— that  is,  by  an  extension  west- 
ward from  Lanchowfu  connections 
may  be  made  that  will  form  through 
lines  to  Europe  via  Russia  and  Meso- 
potamia. Incidentally,  such  a  railway 
would  tap  Central  Asia,  a  country  of 
great  possibilities  equal  in  area  to  the 
United  States. 

The  Tung-Cheng  railway,  from  Ta- 
tungfu,  in  northern  Shansi,  through 
Kianfu  to  Chengtu,  in  Szechuan,  from 
900  to  1,000  miles,  has  also  been  con- 
tracted for  by  Belgian-French  inter- 
ests. This  is  a  local  rather  than  a 
trunk  railway  project  and  will  serve 
the  country  immediately  tributary  to 
it. 

Rail    Line    Planned 
To  Chefoo  Seaport 

The  proposal  to  construct  a  railway 
between  the  seaport  of  Chefoo  and 
Weihsien  has  been  revived.  During  the 
past  few  years  a  great  deal  lias  been 
said  regarding  this  project.  Chinese 
merchants  in  Chefoo  and  cities  which 
would  be  tapped  by  a  railroad  to 
Weihsien  have  from  time  to  time  held 
meetings  and  passed  resolutions. 

On  December  11,  1918,  the  Chinese 
Chamber  of  Commerce  at  Chefoo  sent 
a  telegram  to  the  Cabinet  in  Peking 
expressing  the  view  that  it  was  a 
waste  of  time  to  wait  for  the  govern- 
ment to  construct  the  proposed  line 
and  requesting  that  the  Chamber  be 
authorized  to  undertake  the  construc- 
tion as  a  private  operation  with  cap- 
ital provided  by  the  merchants  of 
Chefoo,  Hwanghsien,  "Weihsien,  Tsin- 
anfu  and  other  cities  in  Shantung 
Province. 

Prior  to  the  war  Germany,  whose  in- 
terests were  solely  concerned  with  the 
development  of  Tsingtao,  naturally  did 
not  look  with  favor  upon  any  scheme 
calculated  to  increase  facilities  for 
competition  at  Chefoo  and  opposed  the 
projects  as  much  as  possible.  The  out- 
break of  war  and  the  lack  of  funds 
enabled  the  Central  Government  of 
China  to  comply  with  Germany's  pres- 
sure without  offending  the  Chefoo 
Chinese,  and  the  whole  project,  as  far 
as  the  government  was  concerned,  was 
pigeon-holed. 

As  Chefoo  is  the  only  port  actually 
under  the  control  of  China  between 
Tientsin  and  Shanghai,  it  stands  to 
reason  that  its  claims  and  commercial 
potentialities    cannot   continue    to   be 


January     19  2  0 


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NATIVE   SHOPS   IN    PEKING 


neglected  and  the  agitation  which  has 
now  been  resumed  is  likely  to  con- 
tinue until  the  railway  is  actually 
started. 

Boost  Foreign  Trade 
With  Shantung  District 
Another  factor  of  importance  in  con- 
nection with  this  projected  railway  is 
the  opening  to  foreign  trade  of  the 
port  of  Lungkow,  which  is  opposite 
Shantung.  The  population  is  estimated 


at  over  80,000  people,  many  of  the 
local  merchants  having  made  a  great 
deal  of  money  in  Manchuria  under  the 
old  Russian  regime.  Familiar  with  for- 
eign methods  and  progressive,  they 
fully  realize  the  tremendous  influence 
which  railway  connection  would  have 
upon  their  trade. 

A  large  grain  business  is  at  present 
carried  on  with  the  rest  of  the  prov- 
ince and  the  north,  shipments  coming 


97 


and  going  by  junk,  mainly  to  Ualny 
and  Newchang,  through  the  port  of 
Lungkow,  some  fifteen  miles  distant 
on  the  Gulf  of  Pechili.  Lungkow  is 
now  being  improved  and  can  easily  be 
reached  by  a  branch  line  from 
Ilwangsieu. 

Commercially  Hwanghsien  is  an  im- 
portant trade  center,  apart  from  grain 
transactions,  and  handles  large  quan- 
tities of  silk,  vermicelli,  native  sun- 
dries, piece  goods,  and  cheap  foreign 
manufactured  articles  which  generally 
find  a  sale  among  the  Chinese.  The 
region  is  rich  agriculturally. 

In  foreign  commerce  the  region  is 
mainly  noted  for  its  straw  braid,  be- 
ing the  northern  end  of  the  Laichowfu 
district.  Formerly  all  the  straw  braid 
went  to  Chefoo,  but  in  recent  years  it 
has  been  shipped  overland  to  Tsing- 
tao.  The  construction  bf  the  railway 
from  Weihsien  to  Chefoo  would  nat- 
urally restore  the  straw  braid  to  the 
latter  port  and  carry  silk  and  agricul- 
tural products  from  other  important 
places.  The  whole  country  to  be  trav- 
ersed by  the  railway  is  stocked  with 
good  cattle  and  mules. 

"Far  Eastern  Markets  for  Railway 
Materials,  Equipment  and  Supplies," 
by  Trade  Commissioner  Frank  Rhea, 
published  by  the  Bureau  of  Foreign 
and  Domestic  Commerce,  gives  a  de- 
tailed account  of  the  possibilities  for 
the  sale  of  American  railway  mater- 
ials in  China,  Japan,  Korea  and  the 
Philippines. 


Evidences  of  China's  Industrial  Awakening 


THE  HO  HSIN  SMELTING  WORKS, 
capitalized  at  approximately  $550,000, 
has  commenced  operations  at  Pootung  and 
aims  to  become  one  of  the  leading  steel  works 
in  China.  Its  daily  output  at  the  time  of  the 
latest  available  report  was  ten  tons  of  pig 
iron.  When  the  plant  is  completed,  the  out- 
put will  he  forty  tons  daily. 


repairing  and  construction  from  Lungkow  to 
Weihsin  is  anticipated. 


constructed   by   the   ministry   of   communica- 
tions. 


Under  the  direction  of  Japanese  chemists 
certain  chemical  products,  such  as  caustic 
soda,  creosin,  stearin  and  soaps,  have  been 
manufactured  in  Kwantung  during  the  war. 
The  raw  materials  were  brought  from  Man- 
churia. A  committee  of  chemical  investiga- 
tion reports  there  is  in  Manchuria  a  great 
abundance  of  raw  materials  suitable  for  use 
in  the  chemical  industry,  awaiting  only  active 
participation  of  capital  to  yield  large  returns. 


The  Chinese  are  gradually  adopting  the  Eu- 
ropean style  of  footwear.  Almost  40  per  cent 
of  the  footwear  in  China  is  reported  to  be  of 
European  style.  Domestic  factories,  of  which 
Canton  has  twenty,  Hongkong  five  and  nearly 
every  port  of  China  at  least  one,  are  chiefly 
for  the  manufacture  of  the  red  leather  used 
for  the  soles  of  native  shoes.  The  uppers  of 
native  shoes  are  generally  made  from  cloth 
or  an  imitation  box  calf. 


A  development  company  located  at  Lung- 
kow plans  to  introduce  a  motor  truck  trans- 
portation system  in  the  north  part  of  Shan- 
tung province  to  facilitate  the  shipment  of 
export  produce.  The  plan  includes  the  pur- 
chase of  fifty  American  motor  trucks.  The 
co-operation  of  the  Peking  authorities  in  road 


The  use  of  motor  vehicles  is  increasing  in 
Shanghai,  Tientsin  and  Peking.  Shanghai  and 
its  environs  have  about  seventy-five  miles  of 
roads  suitable  for  motor  traffic,  Tientsin  about 
thirty  miles  and  Peking  perhaps  130  miles. 
Motor  cars  and  trucks  of  American  manufac- 
ture predominate  in  all  three  cities.  Four- 
cylinder  five-passenger  and  six-passenger  cars 
of  cheap  or  medium  price  are  in  greatest  de- 
mand, with  a  growing  market  for  six-cylinder 
cars.  Chinese  buyers  are  said  to  prefer  the 
limousine  body  and  foreigners,  the  touring  or 
sedan.  Prospects  for  an  increasing  demand 
are  good,  but  no  extensive  trade  is  looked  for 
until  better  roads  are  constructed. 


Electric  lighting  is  becoming  increasingly 
popular  in  the  interior  cities  of  China.  There 
is  reported  to  be  a  market  in  Swatow  for 
small  electric  plants  having  generators  of 
about  2,200  volts  and  twenty-five  amperes, 
with  a  direct-connected  engine. 


Nearly  all  new  flour  mills  erected  in  Shang- 
hai are  being  operated  with  electrical  power. 
The  estimates  of  expenditures  in  1919  for  ex- 
tensions of  the  municipal  electric  plant  at 
Shanghai  included  equipment  from  the  United 
States  worth  more  than  $1,250,000,  and  from 
Great  Britain,  $740,000. 


It  is  announced  that  specifications  of  an 
electric  experimental  station  to  be  con- 
srtucted  in  the  Temple  of  Heaven,  Peking, 
have  been  drawn  up.    The    station    will    be 


The  Peking  cabinet  is  said  to  have  sanc- 
tioned the  proposal  of  the  ministry  of  agricul- 
ture and  commerce  for  the  appointment .  of 
commercial  attaches  to  England,  France,  Ja- 
pan and  the  United  States. 


More  than  twenty  cotton  spinning  and 
weaving  mills  are  now  being  operated  at 
Shanghai.  British,  Japanese  and  Chinese  in- 
terests predominate.  Large  tracts  of  land  at 
Yangtzepoo  and  Pootung  have  been  purchased 
by  Japanese  interests  and  extensive  mills  are 
being  erected.  It  is  reported  also  that  a 
number  of  modern  office  buildings,  requiring 
building  material  of  many  types,  are  about  to 
be  erected  in  Shanghai. 


American  business  men  have  founded  a 
corporation  to  maintain,  with  private  capital, 
the  American  news  agency  established  during 
the  war  and  deprived  of  government  funds 
after  the  signing  of  the  armistice.  Among 
the  plans  of  the  organization  are  those  for 
the  dissemination  of  such  news  as  will  be  es- 
pecially helpful  to  Americans  doing  business 
in  China,  the  carrying  out  of  advertising  cam- 
paigns and  the  publication  of  trade  maga- 
zines. A  volunteer  organization  of  400  agents, 
all  Americans,  has  undertaken  the  work  of 
distributing  informa-yon  and  reporting  on 
Chinese  news  and  opinion.  Agents  are  lo- 
cated in  nearly  every  province  of  China.  Their 
work  is  aided  by  a  staff  of  paid  reporters. 
A  mailing  list  containing  the  name  of  25,000 
prominent  Chinese  has  already  been  de- 
veloped. 


98 


Pan    Pacific 


Pacific  Coast  Must  Not  Overlook 
Latin  American  Trade-urges  e  d.  KiSer 


r  I  "HE  trend  of  interest  on  the  Paci- 
■*  fie  Coast  must  of  necessity  be  to- 
wards the  Orient,  for  the  direct  ports 
for  shipping  to  this  great  trade  center 
are  the  posts  of  Los  Angeles,  San 
Francisco,  Portland  and  Seattle.  But 
this  topic  of  Pan-Pacific  Commerce 
has  almost  obscured  in  the  vision  of 
many  the  Pacific  trade,  by  which  I 
mean  the  trade  between  the  ports  of 
North  America,  and  the  ports  of  Cen- 
tral and  South  America.  If  this  ar- 
ticle can  persuade  some  of  the  leaders 
of  commercial  thought  to  understand 
the  real  value  of  this  factor,  the  writ- 
ing will  have  been  a  pleasure. 

Take  a  good  map  of  the  two  Ameri- 
cas. At  once  the  places  which  strike 
our  vision  are  Rio  de  Janeiro,  Buenos 
Aires,  Valparaiso,  Callao,  and  at  the 
north,  New  Orleans  and  New  York. 
The  simple  reason  for  this  is  that  we 
have  been  taught  either  by  the  logic 
of  events  or  by  custom  that  these 
ports  are  the  real  outlets  of  American 
commerce.  It  is  true  that  New  York 
permits  no  other  port  to  even  second 
her  in  the  greatness  of  her  export  and 
import  traffic,  but  the  fact  neverthe- 
less remains,  the  Pacific  Coast  has  pe- 
culiar and  pertinent  reasons  to  not  be 
discouraged.     More  of  this  anon. 

Meanwhile,  let  me  sketch  something 
of  the  value  of  the  climate.    You  have 


no  idea  of  the  way  that  climate  influ- 
ences the  people  of  the  world  unless 
you  have  been  plunged  into  the  heat 
of  the  tropics  after  a  chilly  departure 
from  New  York  to  Panama  and  then 
on  south.  The  next  climatic  matter 
is  the  way  in  which  California  and 
the  Pacific  Coast  in  general  responds 
in  a  climatic  sense  to  the  most  pros- 
perous parts  of  South  America. 

I  am  a  native  of  the  great  state  of 
California,  but  if  I  were  to  choose  as 
to  climatic  serenity  between  Califor- 
nia and  Chile  I  should  hesitate  quite 
considerably.  Then  look  at  the  great 
Argentine  plains,  and  the  year-long 
conditions  which  duplicate  in  much 
the  beauty  of  weather  equality  such 
as  we  have  in  the  Golden  West.  It  is 
axiomatic  that  in  the  part  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  where  men  understand  con- 
ditions by  reason  of  their  native  re- 
quirements and  by  means  of  local  man- 
ufacturing plants  to  supply  the  needs 
of  those  dwelling  there,  there  should 
be  found  exporting  sources  of  supply. 
Conditions  Are  Typical 
Of    Those    Is    California 

I  have  had  the  privilege  of  visiting 
many  of  the  South  American  coun- 
tries. I  recall  while  in  Lima  in  Octo- 
ber of  last  year  I  ran  across  a  native 
of  California  who  has  lived  in  that  city 
for  a  number  of  years.     When  he  be- 


Principal  United  States  Foodstuffs  Exported  in  Fiscal 
Years  1918  and  1919 


Wheat  Bushels 

Eye    _  Bushels 

Flour,   Wheat   Barrels 

Flour,    Bye    Barrels 

Salmon    _  Pounds 

Codfish    Pounds 

Apples     Barrels 

Apples,  Dried  Pounds 

Apricots    Pounds 

Prunes     Pounds 

Raisins    Pounds 

Eggs    Dozen 

Beef,    Canned   Pounds 

Beef,  Fresh  Pounds 

Bacon    Pounds 

Hams,  etc Pounds 

Lard    Pounds 

Neutral   Lard   Pounds 

Lard  Comp Pounds 

Oleo  Oil  Pounds 

Oleomargarin    Pounds 

Butter  Pounds 

Cond.   Milk    „  Pounds 

Cottonseed  Oil   _..  Pounds 

Oil   Cake    .:„.  Pounds 

Beans    Bushels 

Sugar _ Pounds 

Glucose   _  Pounds 

Preserved   Fruit.... 

Vegetables,   canned 


e  Record  of  National  City  Bank  of  New  York.) 

Quantity 

Value 

1918 

1919 

1918 

1919 

34,119,000 

178,583,000 

$  80,803,000 

$424,543,000 

11,990,000 

27,540,000 

23,902,000 

53,654,000 

21,880,000 

24,190,000 

244,861,000 

268,053,000 

866,000 

1,488,000 

9,298,000 

15,219,000 

110,060,000 

130,105,000 

16,571,000 

18,852,000 

29,842,000 

39,720,000 

3,361,000 

6,321,000 

636,500 

1,577,000 

2,813,000 

12,084,000 

2,602,000 

19,320,000 

330,000 

2,954,000 

5,230,000 

20,975,000 

768,000 

7,775,000 

32,927,000 

59,073,000 

3,061,000 

7,946,000 

54,987,000 

84,950,000 

4,981,000 

8,068,000 

18,969,000 

28,385,000 

7,167,000 

12,449,000 

97,343,000 

108,489,000 

30,034,000 

44,320,000 

370,032,000 

332,205,000 

67,383,000 

79,228,000 

815,205,000 

1,239,540,000 

221,474,000 

378,729,000 

419,572,000 

667,848,000 

108,107,000 

204,668,000 

392,506,000 

725,578,000 

98,217,000 

210,418,000 

4,259,000 

17,396,000 

1,075,000 

5,393,000 

31,278,000 

131,750,000 

6,634,000 

32,036,000 

56,603,000 

59,092,000 

12,153,000 

15,720,000 

6,309,000 

18,570,000 

1,631,000 

5,179,000 

17,307,000 

33,740,000 

6,853,000 

15,844,000 

528,759,000 

728,741,000 

68,050,000 

99,971,000 

100,780,000 

178,780,000 

18,310,000 

36,821,000 

201,404,000 

575,421,000 

4,994,000 

16,669,000 

51,517,000 

4,484,000 

9,097,000 

25,175,000 

576,483,000 

1,115,865,000 

38,762,000 

81,570,000 

97,858,000 

136,230,000 

5,995,000 

7,464,000 

7,275,000 

18,650,000 

7,193,000 

13,509,000 

gaii  the  discussion  of  fruit  growing, 
etc.,  at  once  his  illustrations  teemed 
with  references  to  typical  conditions 
in  California.  Why  should  they  not? 
The  supplies  for  growing  farms  and 
truck  farms  should  not  differ  very 
much  between  the  two  regions,  taken 
as  a  whole,  and  a  business  man  does 
not  have  to  be  told  this  twice  to  ap- 
preciate it. 

1  imagine  the  matter  of  population 
has  a  good  deal  to  do  with  the  gaiety 
of  nations  as  well  as  their  good-will. 
California  in  the  past  was  the  home 
of  a  genteel  and  interesting  race  of 
"hidalgos"  who  made  their  impress 
on  the  country. 

Think  of  the  names!  San  Francisco, 
San  Bernardino,  Camino  Real,  and  a 
hundred  and  one  of  the  same  linguistic 
origin.  And  then  in  the  citizenship 
of  the  Pacific  Coast,  especially  Cali- 
fornia, there  are  many  of  the  Spanish 
race,  already  prepared  with  a  foreign 
trade  requisite,  the  temperament  and 
language  of  those  with  whom  they  seek 
to  do  business.  Anyone  who  knows 
the  value  placed  on  the  little  things 
among  the  Latins  will  certainly  ap- 
preciate the  psychological  value  of 
this  element  in  the  equation. 

Japanese    Have    Learned 
Importance      of      South 

Usually  the  average  Pacific  Coast 
resident  is  expected  to  "throw  a  fit" 
when  Japan  is  mentioned.  But  no  one 
will  hesitate  in  admitting  the  commer- 
cial aggressiveness  of  the  subjects  of 
the  Nippon  empire.  We  have  only  to 
read  the  daily  press  to  hear  what  the 
politician  and  business  man  thinks  of 
their  presence  in  the  United  States  in 
such  growing  numbers.  Here  comes 
the  kernel — the  Japanese  have  seen 
the  importance  of  the  steamship  lines 
between  the  two  sections  of  the  Paci- 
fic  Coast. 

During  the  war  I  examined  the  man- 
ifests of  more  than  one  Japanese 
steamer,  which  leaving  Japan,  touched 
at  the  ports  on  the  Pacific  Coast  of 
the  United  States,  and  then  steamed 
clown  the  coast  to  the  lower  ports  of 
South  America,  those  of  the  progres- 
sive state  of  Chile.  Firms  with  agents 
in  Japan,  also  have  been  known  to 
have  agents  in  New  York,  who  in  or- 
der to  get  together  the  necessary  parts 
of  one  order  have  sent  the  major  part 
of  the  order  to  Japan,  and  the  re- 
mainder to  the  United  States,  perhaps 
to  New  York,  and  occasionally  to  San 
Francisco,  both  to  be  shipped  via  the 
Japanese  line  from  Japan  and  San 
Francisco. 


January     1920 

Query:  Why  could  not  the  goods  of 
the  east  be  duplicated  in  Pacifiic 
Coast  centers,  and  shipped  via  Ameri- 
can bottoms,  from  American  ports,  es- 
pecially from  Pacific  Coast  ports?  A 
good  illustration  of  this  is  the  recent 
announcement  that  the  Rolph  Steam- 
ship Co.  plans  a  line  down  the  Pacific 
Coast. 

The  fruits  of  California,  the  lumber 
of  California,  Oregon,  etc.,  as  well  as 
manufactured  articles  could  under 
proper  conditions  enter  the  markets  of 
even  Argentina.  It  is  not  entirely  out 
of  the  question  to  discuss  the  value  of 
steamship  routes  which  would  either 
make  trips  via  the  Cape  as  far  as 
Argentina  and  return,  or  go  from  the 
Pacific  Coast  into  the  Carribean  coun- 
tries via  the  Canal.  It  may  be  that 
the  time  is  longer,  but  a  selected  traf- 
fic, specializing  instead  of  selling  to 
general  trade,  would  not  seem  entirely 
wanting  in  commercial  value. 

I  have  reserved  to  the  last  a  sum- 
mary and  a  renewed  proof  of  the  fore- 


going and  I  tell  it  in  the  form  of  an 
illustration.  From  an  agent  of  an  Al- 
lied government  one  morning  I  re- 
ceived the  news  that  a  certain  business 
man  of  Valparaiso  was  supposed  to 
have  had  dealings  with  the  enemy 
through  commercial  channels.  I  inves- 
tigated as  well  as  I  could  in  the  time 
allotted,  and  found  out  what  may  in- 
terest  Pan-Pacific   readers. 

This  chap  had  gone  to  the  United 
States,  via  the  Panama  Canal,  and  San 
Francisco.  He  had  crossed  the  conti- 
nent to  New  York,  and  then  returned 
to  San  Francisco  and  had  thence  found 
his  way  to  the  Orient,  returning  direct 
from  there  to  Chile.  During  that  trip 
lie  had  made  some  errors  of  speech, 
but  I  could  not  find  much  wrong  with 
him. 

I  should  not  forget  to  state  he  had 
also  arranged  some  agents  along  the 
coast.  His  plan  should  be  obvious.  He 
could  see  that  the  sources  of  supply  for 
export  business  in  South  America,  in 
certain  commodities  at  least,  would  be 
the  United  States.  His  next  point  as 
you  see,  was  Japan.    In  order  to  make 


99 


these  points  he  went  where?  To  San 
Francisco.  By  what  steamer?  A  Jap- 
anese liner.  What  agencies  did  he  es- 
tablish? Japanese  and  American.  I 
learned  that  his  agencies  did  not  com- 
prise any  large  companies  in  the  Pa- 
cific district,  simply  because  he  could 
make  better  terms  in  New  York  and 
in  Japan,  and  mind  you,  his  ship- 
in  ents  would  come  from  Japan  and 
New  York,  both  direct  to  the  southern 
part  of  the1  Pacific  Coast  of  "America 
del  Sur." 

How  could  Japanese  houses  and  New 
York  houses  deal  at  a  profit  under 
such  circumstances?  Simply  because 
they  have  supplied  the  capital,  the 
steamers,  the  goods  for  the  market 
in  question,  the  selling  agencies,  etc., 
and  the  conclusion  of  the  whole  mat- 
ter is: 

IF  JAPAN  AND  NEW  YORK  CAN 
SUPPLY  SOUTH  AMERICAN  MAR- 
KETS AT  A  PROFIT  WHY  NOT 
PACIFIC  COAST  PORTS  LIKE- 
WISE? 


Opportunities  For  American  Capital 

In    (jhlle— Presented  by  Arturo  Lorca,  Chilean  Consul  at  San  Francisco 


CHILE,  a  stretch  of  land  extending 
from  parallel  17°-101  to  parallel 
53°,  i.  e.,  to  say  to  the  southern  ex- 
tremity of  the  continent  and  never 
wider  than  225  miles,  has  an  area  of 
447,000  square  miles,  or  double  the 
area  of  France.  By  reason  of  its  agri- 
cultural position  it  has  a  variety  of 
climates;  hot  in  the  northern  part, 
temperate  in  the  central,  and  cold  in 
the  south. 

The  northern  part  of  Chile  where 
the  famous  nitrate  deposits  are  lo- 
cated is  a  desert  until  it  reaches  the 
26th  parallel.  The  central  part,  with 
longitudinal  and  transversal  valleys, 
corresponds  to  the  agricultural  and 
forestal  zone  where  the  land  is  well 
divided  and  worked  very  intensively, 
using  the  most  modern  and  scientific 
methods. 

Wheat  and  all  kinds  of  cereals, 
grapevines,  fruit  trees,  etc.,  are  cul- 
tivated here  on  a  large  scale,  and  the 
exportation  of  these  products  in  large 
quantities  has  given  Chile  a  special 
reputation.  For,  due  to  the  fine  clim- 
ate of  this  region  the  fruits  are  of 
very  high  quality.  This  agricultural 
zone  is  also  the  most  thickly  popu- 
lated. 

Network    of    Railroads 
And   Industrial    Center 
The  larger   cities,   factories  and  in- 
dustrial  plants,    are    situated    in    this 
region  which  offers  also  the  greatest 


facilities  for  communications  with  a 
network  of  roads  and  railroads  which 
puts  it  in  contact  with  the  rest  of  the 
country.  The  forestal  products  of  this 
region  are  rich  in  woods  for  construc- 
tion and  wood  pulp  for  cellulose.  Cat- 
tle raising  is  also  receiving  a  great 
impetus,  although  the  large  export  es- 
tablishments are  in  the  extreme  south. 

The  southern  part  consist  of  thou- 
sands of  islands  grouped  along  the 
narrow  continental  belt.  The  territory 
is  fertile  and  vegetation  is  to  be  found 
as  far  south  as  Tierra  del  Fuego  and 
Cape  Horn. 

This  wonderful  region,  of  incalcul- 
able interest  to  tourists,  with  its  laby- 
rinth of  winding  channels  where  the 
glaciers  of  the  snow-capped  Andes 
come  to  join  the  seas,  is  also  of  enor- 
mous value  for  its  woods,  its  marvel- 
ous variety  of  fish,  and  its  reserve  of 
virgin  land  for  cultivation.  Cattle 
raising  is  carried  on  on  a  large  scale 
in  the  territory  of  Magellan  which  in- 
cludes various  islands,  Tierra  del 
Fuego  and  a  region  of  prairies  on  the 
mainland. 

Frigorifico  plants  as  large  as  those 
in  Chicago  are  to  be  found  in  those 
"estancias"  and  large  shipments  of 
meat,  wool,  hides  and  other  products 
are  made  to  Europe  from  the  free 
port  of  Punta  Arenas.  Fortunes 
amounting  to  over  $50,000,000  have 
been    accumulated    by    capitalists    of 


this  region  exclusively  from  the  prof- 
its made  from  the  cattle  raising  indus- 
try. 

Surprising  North  Coast 
Of  Nitrate  Provinces 
Nothing  is  so  surprising  as  the  as- 
pect of  the  north  coast  along-  the 
nitrate  provinces  of  Tarapaca  and  An- 
tofa-gasta,  although  the  leading  ports 
of  this  part  of  the  coast,  Antofasgasta 
and  Iquique,  offer  all  the- conveniences 
of  modern  cities  with  good  hotels  and 
theatres.  The  panorama  of  the  desert 
impresses  the  traveller  with  the  deso- 
lation of  the  Sahara.  When  the  trains 
leave  the  port  and  zig-zag  up  the  first 
range  of  mountain  range,  yellow  and 
burned  by  the  sun,  no  one  would  think 
that  back  of  them  the  range  of  moun- 
tains is  submerged  in  a  real  ocean  of 
gold. 

They  are  the  nitrate  "pampas"  from 
which  as  large  profit  is  derived  by 
the  capitalists  as  from  the  celebrated 
agricultural  pampas  of  Argentine,  and 
the  wealth  of  this  region  does  not 
only  consist  of  nitrate;  for  in  the 
mountains  there  are  as  many  deposits 
of  copper  (the  successful  works  of  the 
Guggenheim  Co.  at  Chuquicamata  are 
a  proof),  dry  lakes  of  borate,  solfatara, 
iodine,  etc. 

The  importance  of  the  nitrate  indus- 
try, sustained  and  established  by 
Chilean  enterprise  and  developed  with 

(Continued  on  page  108) 


1  90 


Pan   P  a  c  i  f  i 


San  Francisco  Invites  the  Wor 


/"OPPORTUNITY  is  flirting  with  the  Pacific  Coast  of 
^-^  America.  Opportunity,  in  an  indulgent  mood,  smiles, 
perhaps  for  the  last  time  in  so  fulsome  a  manner,  par- 
ticularly upon  the  Pacific  ports  of  ttie  United  States  of 
America. 

For,  in  May  next,  the  glare  of  the  world  trade  search- 
light will  he  cast  full  upon  this  Coast,  centering  at  the 
great  port  of  San  Francisco.  During  the  brief  period  of 
its  direction  this  way  the  whole  future  of  the  Pacific  sea- 
board, insofar  as  international  commerce  is  concerned,  may 
be  made  or  unmade. 

From  May  12  to  15  inclusive  the  seventh  national  for- 
eign trade  convention,  under  the  auspices  of  the  National 
Foreign  Trade  Council,  will  be  held  in  San  Francisco.  But 
it  will  be  more  than  its  name  implies,  for  it  will  be  the 
first  actual  Pan 
Pacific  commercial 
congress-  These 
annual  council  as- 
semblies are  the 
most  important 
commercial  con- 
ferences within 
the  United  States, 
bnt  the  seventh  of 
the  series  will  be 
the  first  to  assume 
international  im- 
portance, because 
of  the  world-wide 
i  n  v  i  t  a  t  i  on  to 
American  mer- 
chants overseas  to 
participate  in  its 
deliberations. 

Therein  lies  the 
golden     opportun-    !^— — ^— ^— — — -— — — — -— — ^— ^— 
ity   of  the   Pacific 

Coast.  The  greater  the  Pan  Pacific  attendance  and  discus- 
sion the  more  captivating  will  be  the  claims  of  the  vast 
Pacific  region  upon  the  attention  of  the  industrial,  com- 
mercial and  financial  leaders  of  America,  who  will  be  in 
considerable  representation  at  the  convention.  The  more 
forcibly  the  potentialities  of  the  Pacific  are  impressed  upon 
these  wealth-producing  generals  the  brighter  the  prospects 
for  the  development,  growth  and  enrichment  of  all  the 
ports  and  port  cities  of  the  United  States  located  nearest 
the  most  potential  markets. 

Under  these  circumstances  it  ought  to  be  the  duty  of 
every  port  on  this  seaboard  and  of  every  city  and  com- 
munity adjacent  thereto  to  work  toward  the  success  of  the 
Pan  Pacific  convention  as  whole-heartedly,  as  intelligently 
and  as  enthuiastically  as  all  Pacific  Coast  cities,  in  com- 
mon with  all  American  communities,  worked  for  the  suc- 
u«*s  of  the  series  of  wonderful  government  loans  during 
frke  period  of  the  Great  War.   'As  those   endeavors   were 


directed  toward  the  salvation  of  humanity,  so  the  endeav- 
ors  in  connection  with  the  San  Francisco  convention  will 
be  directed  toward  the  development  of  amity  and  trad" 
among  a  major  portion  of  that  humanity. 

The  selection  of  San  Francisco  for  the  convention  was 
but  an  incidental  detail.  Honor  to  the  whole  Coast  was 
accorded  when  the  rule  of  holding  national  trade  confer- 
ences east  of  the  Mississippi  for  the  first  time  was  broken, 
though  that  honor,  of  course,  must  have  been  prompted 
by  national  recognition  of  the  growing  importance  of  the 
Pacific  as  a  highway  of  commerce.  The  convention  will 
be  as  much  Seattle's,  and  Portland's,  and  Los  Angeles',  and 
San  Diego's  as  it  will  be  San  Francisco's,  and  every  one 
of  these  ports  owes  it  as  a  duty  to  its  respective  com- 
munity and  to   posterity   to  join     with    San    Francisco   in 

making  the  forth- 
coming foreign 
trade  convention 
the  most  smash- 
ingly  successful 
affair  of  the  kind 
ever  held  any- 
where in  all  the 
world. 


State    Department    Aids    Pan    Pacific 
Convention 

.  (By  the  Secretary  of  State) 

This  Department  is  especially  interested  in  the  idea  of 
the  San  Francisco  Committee  of  inviting  American  mer- 
cliants  residing  in  foreign  countries  to  attend  the  conven- 
tion and  believes  that  much  practical  benefit  will  resuU 
from  this  measure,  provided  a  representative  attendance 
is  secured.  The  Department  has  already  lent  its  aid  and 
the  aid  of  its  agents  abroad  in  this  connection  and  will  be 
pleased  to  further  the  interests  of  the  Convention  in  any 
way  ivhich  lies  in  its  power. 


J 


$     *     * 

OUR  WESTERN 
FRONT    OF 
COMMERCE 

APRROPR  I- 
ATELY  for 
the  occasion  the 
particular  theme  of 
the  foreign  trade 
convention  will  be 
"Our  Western 
Front  of  Commerce-"  These  conventions  usually  consist 
of  four  general  sessions  at  which  papers  treating  leading 
phases  of  foreign  trade  are  read  by  leaders  in  their  respec- 
tive fields.  There  also  are  group  sessions  where  specific 
problems  are  considered  by  experts.  No  resolutions  are 
adopted,  but  a  "final  declaration''  is  prepared  embodying 
briefly  the  views  of  those  in  attendance  and  committees  are 
named  to  carry  out  various  recommendations.  In  former 
years  the  Foreign  Trade  Council  lias  been  successful  in 
obtaining  much  needed  relief  in  conducting  America's  for- 
eign commerce.  Departments  of  the  Government  inter- 
ested in  foreign  commerce  have  experts  in  attendance  to 
give  advice   and    information. 

.$       $       $ 

MANAGEMENT  OF  CONVENTION 

"1^7 11 1  Id']  San  Francisco  will  be  the  hostess  city  for  the 

f  ▼     convention,   the   principal   Pacific    Coast   cities    are 

expected  to  co-operate  in  making  the  convention  a  memor- 


to  Great  Pan  Pacific  Conference 


able  one.  Among  cities  whose  business  organizations  and 
industrial  leaders  have  signified  intentions  of  giving  aid 
are  Los  Angeles,  San  Diego,  Oakland  and  Sacramento,  Cal- 
ifornia: Portland  and  Astoria,  Oregon;  Seattle,  Tacoma  and 
Bellingham,   in  Washington. 

Arrangements  for  the  convention  are  being  handled  for 
the  Pacific  Coast  by  a  committee  of  three,  all  of  whom  are 
councilors  of  the  Foreign  Trade  Council:  Frederick  J. 
Koster,  chairman,  president  of  the  California  Barrel  Com- 
pany; Robert  Dollar,  president  of  the  Robert  Dollar  Com- 
pany, and  J.  K.  Arrnsby,  president  of  the  California  Pack- 
ing Company,  all  of  San  Francisco.  C.  P-  Converse,  man- 
ager of  the  Foreign  Trade  Department  of  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Chamber  of  Commerce,  is  secretary  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  committee  in  charge  of  arrangements. 

T  h  e  National 
Foreign  Trade 
Council  has  as 
chairman  J  a  in  e  s 
A.  Farrell,  presi- 
dent of  the  United 
States  Steel  Cor- 
poration, while  R. 
H.  Patchin,  man- 
ager of  the  For- 
eign Trade  De- 
partment of  W.  R. 
Grace  &  Company, 
of  Xew  York,  is 
treasurer,  and  0. 
K.  Davis,  New 
York,  secretary. 
Among  the  men 
who  give  their 
time  and  thought 
to  the  problem  of 
foreign  trade  in 
the     Council     are 

Frank  A.  Vanderlip,  former  president  of  the  National  City 
Hank  of  New  York;  Louis  W-  Hill,  chairman  of  the  Great 
Northern  Railway;  Samuel  P.  Colt,  president  of  the  United 
States  Rubber  Company;  Cyrus  H.  McCormick,  president 
of  the  International  Harvester  Company;  Alba  B.  Johnson, 
president  of  the  Baldwin  Locomotive  Works;  Willis  TI. 
Booth,  vice-president  of  the  Guaranty  Trust  Company  of 
Xew  York,  and  P.  A.  S.  Franklin,  president  of  the  Indus- 
trial Mercantile  Marine.  There  are  seventy-five  members 
of  the  committee,  all  prominent  in  .their  respective  fields. 

$       $       $ 

HOW  DELEGATES  WILL  COME 

HE  growing  influence  of  the  Foreign  Trade  Council  in 


T 


the  trade  problems  of  America  was  remarkably  dem- 
onstrated at  the  sixth  convention  in  Chicago  in  May  last 
when  2,000  business  leaders  were  in  attendance.     It  is  ex- 


pected that  quite   as  many  will  attend  the   San  Francisco 
conference. 

Situated  as  it  is  at  one  of  the  west  coast  portals,  the 
convention  lends  itself  to  many  distinctive  features.  One 
of  these  will  be  an  arrangement  with  the  Pacific  Mail 
Steamship  Company,  by  which  three  steamers  will  accom- 
modate delegates  from  points  in  the  Far  East  and  from 
the  west  coast  of  Latin  America-  One  will  leave  Calcutta, 
India,  about  March  11,  touching  at  Colombo,  Ceylon,  about 
March  20  at  Singapore,  Straits  Settlements  March  29,  at 
Saigon,  in  French  Indo-China,  April  4,  at  Manila  April  9 
and  arrive  at  San  Francisco  May  4.  Another  will  leave 
Hongkong  about  March  24,  touching  at  Shanghai,  about 
March  27,  at  Kobe  March  30,  Yokohama  April  2,  Honolulu 
April  14  and  San  Francisco   April  22.     Another  steamship 

from  the  west 
Latin  American 
countries  will 
leave  Valparaiso, 
Chile,  about  April 
5,  reaching  Bal- 
boa, Panama,  the 
15th,  Acajutla, 
Salvador  the  24th, 
San  Jose  de  Guat- 
amala,  the  27th 
and  arrive  at  San 
Francisco  May  7. 
For  the  conven- 
ience of  American 
delegates,  there 
will  be  three  spe- 
cial trains.  One 
from  the  south  At- 
lantic coast  will  go 
through  New  Or- 
leans on  the  south- 
ern route,  via  Los 
Angeles  to  San  Francisco;  another  via  the  middle  west 
will  pass  through  St.  Louis  and  Salt  Lake  City  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  the  third  Avill  be  via  the  northern  route  through 
Chicago,  St.  Paul,  Minneapolis,  Seattle  and  Portland.  All 
of  these  special  excursion  trains  will  stop  at  the  larger 
cities,  where  visits  will  be  interchanged  with  local  business 
men  and  delegates  taken  aboard.  Arrangements  will  be 
made  so  that  delegates  may  come  via  one  route  and  return 
via  another. 

Every  country  on  the  western  hemisphere,  whether  on 
the  Atlantic  or  Pacific  seaboard,  and  all  of  the  countries 
that  touch  the  Pacific,  from  Adelaide  to  Singapore,  from 
Saigon  to  Vladivostok,  have  been  included  in  the  invitation 
San  Francisco  has  sent  out  to  attend  the  convention.  Beau- 
tiful souvenir  invitations  have  been  mailed  to  American 
merchants  and  representatives  of  American  concerns 
throughout  this  vast  district. 


Commerce    Department   Welcomes    Overseas 

Delegates 

(By  the  Secretary  of  Commerce) 

As  the  outposts  of  America's  foreign  trade  these  mer- 
cliants  should,  at  the  same  time,  represent  all  that  is  best 
in  American  business  ideals.  The  inspiration  which  they 
should  receive  by  coming  in  such  close  contact  with  their 
friends  at  home  as  this  Convention  affords,  and  of  dis- 
cussing  mutual  problems  should  be  of  immense  benefit  to 
them.  At  the  same  time  their  first  hand  experience  in  the 
foreign  field  will  be  a  source  of  enlightenment  and  encour- 
agement to  our  merchants  and  manufacturers  at  home. 
The  Department  of  Commerce  will  be  glad  to  welcome  these 
visitors  and  to  extend  to  them  all  facilities  possible. 


102 


Pan    Pacific 


India  Offers  Most  Thrilling  Rail 

Ride   in   WOI*ld— Says  Sanderson  H.  Ilderton 


TNDIA  has  always  held  a  lure  for 
-*-  me,  as  no  doubt  it  has  for  anyone 
who  has  read  its  history  and  of  its 
warfare,  its  religion  and  its  animal 
life.  Having  recently  returned  from 
my  first  trip  to  that  mysterious  land, 
where  I  traveled  extensively  into  the 
interior,  I  will  relate  some  of  the  im- 
pressions I  received  of  rail  and  water 
transportation. 

Leaving  the  Bay  of  Bengal  at  the 
Sandheads,  where  the  pilot  was  picked 
up,  the  American  steamer  I  was 
aboard  started  her  journey  of  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  miles  up  the 
Hooghly  River  to  Calcutta.  One  re- 
ceives an  excellent  view  of  the  low- 
lands of  India  from  a  deck  of  a  vessel 
plying  the  ever  winding  course  of  the 
Hooghly.  On  either  bank,  as  far  as 
the  eye  can  see,  are  seemingly  endless 
plantations  of  jute  and  groves  of  rub- 
ber trees. 

When  within  a  few  miles  of  Calcutta 
the  air  gives  one  the  first  impression 
of  the  great  industrial  city  ahead. 
Soon  large  factories  and  mills  are  seen 
bordering  the  river.  The  horizon  be- 
comes filled  with  tall  brick  chimneys, 
the  majority  of  which  tell  the  location 
of  jute  mills,  while  the  others  are  of 
brick  works,  foundries  and  smelters. 
The  jute  mills  produce  the  greater 
part  of  the  world's  supply  of  gunny 
sack,  burlap,  rope  and  twine-  The  pot- 
tery works  and  steel  mills  and  jute 
mills  each  cover  acres  of  ground. 

Flags    of    All    Nations 
Along   This   Waterway 

Flags  of  all  the  seafaring  nations 
of  the  world  are  to  be  seen  on  this 
great  commercial  waterway,  leading 
to  the  port  where  many  large  steam- 
ship lines  have  their  far-eastern  termi- 
nal. These  lines  are  mainly  British. 
Calcutta  has  twenty- three  miles  of  wa- 
ter front  devoted  to  deep  water  docks. 

Such  a  great  amount  of  traffic  was 
to  be  seen,  that,  as  we  steamed  to  the 
upper  end  of  the  docking  area,  I  spec- 
ulated as  to  where  a  vessel  could  find 
a  berth,  and  in  many  instances  they 
were  moored  two  and  three  abreast  at 
wharves.  Some  unable  to  secure  dock- 
ing space  on  account  of  the  congestion 
were  moored  to  buoys  in  the  river. 

In  fact  all  vessels  at  the  docks  and 
jetties  along  the  river  have  to  be 
moored  to  several  buoys  besides  shore 
bits  with  heavy  anchor  cables,  for  so 
rapid  is  the  current  that,  should  a  ves- 
sel break  her  fastenings,  she  would  do 
considerable  damage.  Kidderpore 
Basin  has  quite  a  large  docking  space 
protected  from  the  current  and  affords 


SANDERSON    H.    ILDERTON 

a    safe   harbor   for   a   portion    of   the 
shipping. 

The  river  is  lined  with  godowns  and 
warehouses  adequate  to  handle  with 
surprising  dispatch  both  incoming  and 
outgoing  freight.  Cranes  from  the 
shore  as  well  as  ship  gear  is  used  in 
cargo  handling  to  and  from  the 
hatches.  All  the  wharves  are  served 
by  a  belt  railroad  that  in  turn  con- 
nects with  all  the  many  rail  lines  en- 
tering Calcutta. 

India  imports  a  large  variety  of 
commodities,  the  principal  one  of 
which  seems  to  be  foodstuffs-  Her 
great  coal  and  iron  deposits  are 
worked  extensively  to  keep  the  foun- 
dries and  mills  going.  She  does  not 
export  much  of  the  out-turn  of  this 
industry,  her  main  ones  being  jute 
products,  tea  and  rubber. 

Systems     of     Railroads 
Operated  As  In  Europe 

The  largest  railroad  systems  of  In- 
dia have  somewhat  the  same  general 
characteristics  as  to  facilities  and 
equipment  and  for  an  example  I  will 
select  the  Eastern  Bengal  State  Rail- 
way for  a  description. 

The  passenger  trains  run  on  fre- 
quent and  rapid  schedules.  The 
coaches  are  comfortable  and  of  the 
compartment  type  as  used  on  continen- 
tal European  lines.  They  are  approxi- 
mately the  same  size  as  those  used  on 
the  standard  gauge  lines  of  the  United 
States.     No   convenience  such  as    our 


"Pullman"  is  to  be  found.  This  is 
the  only  lamentable  feature,  it  being 
necessary  to  leave  the  day-coach  at 
some  city  made  by  the  train  shortly 
after  dinner  and  change  to  what  are 
called  "sleeping  cars"  and  in  which 
it  is  essential  that  you  have  your  own 
bedding,  for  none  is  furnished  beyond 
the  berth  upon  which  to  lay  your 
travel  tired  body  should  you  have  been 
on  the  road  all  day. 

The  dining  cars  have  excellently 
prepared  foods  served  in  good  style  by 
Hindus  and  the  prices  are  such  that 
one  from  the  "States"  is  startled  as 
to  how  such  a  repast  is  provided  at 
the  low  figure  upon  the  check.  As  an 
example  let  me  say  that  I  was  trav- 
elling with  a  friend,  a  United  States 
navy  officer  in  uniform,  and  for  din- 
ner on  this  day  I  have  in  mind,  after 
an  eight  course  affair,  we  were  ren- 
dered a  check  calling  for  six  rupees, 
a  rupee  that  day  being  equivalent  to 
:>7  cents  gold. 

Five  of  the  rupees  were  for  the  two 
dinners  and  the  extra  one  was  for  a 
quart  bottle  of  a  well  known  American 
beer  which  had  been  on  ice.  The 
steward_  in  the  dining  car,  a  native  of 
Bengali,  not  knowing  of  what  country 
we  were  citizens,  proudly  informed  us 
that  it  would  soon  be  impossible  to 
obtain  this  beverage,  as  no  more  was 
coining  from  the  United  States,  that 
country  having  gone  dry  in  July.  "We 
later  learned  by  fellow  passengers  that 
ihis  steward  had  pointed  us  out  as 
Frenchmen. 

Freight    Rolling    Stock 
Lighter  Than  American 

The  freight  rolling  stock  is  quite 
light,  being  mounted  on  four  wheels 
of  about  35  inch  diameter  and  with 
a  capacity  for  about  five  to  eight  or 
nine  tons,  quite  small  ,in  comparison 
with  that  of  standard  American  roads- 

The  rights-of-way  are  nearly  all 
double  tracked,  whether  of  the  stan- 
dard metre  or  the  frequently  found  2 
ft.  6  in.  gauge.  All  sizes  of  locomo- 
tives are  in  use  according  to  the  na- 
ture of  the  work.  Some  were  built  in 
the  United  States,  others  in  England 
and  Scotland,  and  some  of  them  were 
turned  out  in  India's  shops.  The  driv- 
ing wheels  on  the  locomotive  of  one 
metre  gauge  mail  train  that  I  rode  on 
were  70  inches  in  diameter  and  cer- 
tainly covered  the  territory  over  the 
flat  lowlands  in  remarkable  time.  All 
types  of  engines  burn  coal. 

The  Eastern  Bengal  State  Railway 
is  operated  by  the  government  under 
the  supervision  of  a  capable  manager. 
The  staff  of  employees  consists  of  over 


January    19  20 


103 


500  officers  and  subordinates  composed 
of  Europeans,  Eurasians  and  Indians, 
number  nearly  65,000,  of  whicb  the  In- 
dians comprise  about  seventy-five  per 
cent. 

The  system  started  with  the  con- 
solidation of  the  Eastern  Bengal  Rail- 
way and  the  Calcutta  and  South  East- 
ern Railway,  both  acquired  from  pri- 
vate control  by  purchase  in  1884.  In 
1885  the  Northern  Bengal  Railway,  the 
Kaunia-Dharla  Railway  and  the  Dacca 
State  Railway  were  brought  into  the 
government  merger.  Later  in  1904 
and  1905  the  Brahmaputra-Sultanpur 
Branch  Railway  and  the  Ranaghat- 
Krishnagar  Light  Railway  were  taken 
over. 

In  addition  to  this  network  of  lines 
the  Eastern  Bengal  State  Railway  op- 
erates for  private  ownership  the 
Cooch-Behar  State  Railway  and  the 
.Mymensingh-Juggamiathganj  Railway. 
The  rolling  stock  consists  of  296  stan- 
dard gauge,  249  metre  gauge  and  10 
of  the  2  ft-  6  inch  gauge  locomotives. 
Coaches  number  951  S.  G.,  904  M.  G., 
and  66  of  the  lesser  gauge,  with  freight 
equipment  of  6052  S.  G.,  over  5000  M. 
G.  and  108  for  the  narrow  gauge. 
Trains  Were  Ferried 
Across  Ganges  River 
The  outsider  can  little  imagine  the 
territory  served  in  both  passenger  and 
freight  by  this  system.  Up  till  1916 
it  was  necessary  to  ferry  all  trains  at 
several  points  of  the  Ganges  River  to 
connect  the  northern  and  southern 
parts  of  India.  The  heaviest  traffic 
was  on  the  line  that  ferried  between 
Demukdia  and  Sara.  As  early  as  1889 
the  administration  of  the  railroad  fos- 
tered the  idea  of  what  was  fulfilled  in 
1916  with  the  opening  to  travel  of  the 
Sara  Bridge,  one  of  the  largest  in  the 
world. 

In  1908,  after  much  preliminary  sur- 
veying as  to  the  feasible  location  of 
the  bridge,  R-  R.  Gales  was  appointed 
engineer-in-chief  of  the  project.  But 
it  was  not  until  1911  that  work  on  the 
bridge  actually  commenced.  The  prob- 
lem which  the  engineers  had  to  face 
was  not  of  how  to  span  a  mile  or  two 
of  water,  but  how  to  train  the  river 
to  a  definite  channel,  as  it  was  fre- 
quently changing  its  course,  and 
would,'  in  all  probability,  desert  the 
bridge  when  built,  if  not  under  con- 
trol. 

The  site  finally  selected  was  nine 
miles  below  Raita  on  the  right  bank 
and  three  miles  below  Sara  on  the  left 
batik.  Work  was  started  by  building 
"guide  banks"  for  the  river.  When 
it  is  understood  that  at  this  point  the 
average  annual  rise  in  the  river  at 
flood  time  is  31  feet  it  will  readily  be 
realized  that  the  training  walls  had 
to  be  constructed  with  extremely 
great  strength.  An  engineer  of  the 
road  told  me  that  one  of  the  construc- 
tion engineers,  a  graduate  of  an 
American  college,,  and  with  an  inclina- 


tion for  comparative  figures,  computed 
that  the  rock  alone  used  in  the  cement 
work  would  fill  a  train  of  standard 
rock  cars  (or  gondolas)  that  would 
reach  for  390  miles. 

I  have  a  list  of  the  amount  of  the 
various  commodities  used  in  the  build- 
ing of  these  concrete  walls,  but  they 
would  consume  a  lengthy  time  to  read. 
I   will  say  though  that  7,906   tons  of 
steel    work   were    used   for    reinforce- 
ment  and   125,000   casks   of  Portland 
cement  of  550  pounds  each  were  neces- 
sary for  the  concrete  work. 
Fifteen   Great   Spans 
In    the    Sara    Bridge 
The  Sara  bridge  consists  of  15  spans 
of  352  feet  and  two  land  spans  of  75 


New    Rate    Schedule 
to  Far  Eastern  Ports 

THE  following  rates  apply  to  India 
and  other  Far  Eastern  ports  from 
Pacific  Coast  ports: 

Hates  on  all  cargo  (except  as  men- 
tioned  below): 

Per       Per 
To                                            100  lbs.  cu.  ft. 
French  Indo  China,  Saigon....$.89%     $.55% 
Straits      Settlement,      Singa- 
pore   89>4       .55% 

India,    Calcutta-Colombo 1.00  .60 

Above   rates   per   100  pounds   or   per 
cubic  foot,  at  ship's  option. 
Exceptions: 

Per  cu.  ft. 

Automobiles — To  Saigon  $.40 

Automobiles — To    Singapore    37^& 

Automobile   Tires — To   Singapore 40 

Automobiles  —  To  Calcutta   -  Co- 
lombo   45 

Automobile   Tires — To   Calcutta. 45 

.MINIMUM  CHARGE— The  minimum 
charge  per  bill  of  lading  will  be  $5.00. 
•  HEAVY  LIFT  SCALE— The  following 
charges  will  be  assessed  in  addition  to 
the  freight  rate,  on  all  packages  or  pieces 
weighing  4,001  pounds  or  over. 
4,001  to  8,000  lbs.,  add  $4  per  2,000  lbs. 
8,001  to  12,000  lbs.,  add  6  per  2,000  lbs. 
12,001  to  16,000  lbs.,  add  9  per  2,000  lbs. 
16,001  to  20,000  lbs.,  add  13  per  2,000  lbs. 
20,001  to  30,000  lbs.,  add  17  per  2,000  lbs. 
30,001   and    over,    special  contract. 

10XTRA  LENGTH  SCALE— Lengths 
over  30  feet  and  not  over  60  feet,  add  1 
cent  per  100  pounds  for  each  foot  over  30 
feet.     Over  60   feet,  special  contract. 

Hates  named  herein  apply  from  and 
to  ship's  tackle.  Tolls,  wharfage, 
lighterage,  cost  of  landing,  and  all 
other  expenses  beyond  ship's  tackle 
will  be  for  account  of  owner,  shipper 
or  consignee. 


feet,  giving  a  total  length  of  5,430 
feet.  It  is  carried  on  sixteen  piers, 
with  well  foundations  150  feet  deep, 
63  feet  long  and  37  feet  wide.  The 
great  depths  of  the  wells,  which  I  am 
told  are  the  largest  in  the  world,  was 
necessary  owing  to  the  terrific  scour- 
ing effect  produced  by  the  action  of 
the  river  water.  The  piers  are  formed 
of  concrete  blocks  above  the  steel  cais- 
sons, and  of  steel  trestles  above  the 
high  flood  level- 
On  the  left  bank  the  approach  is 
four  miles  long,  2,000  feet  of  which  is 
50  feet  above  the  surrounding  coun- 
try. On  the  right  bank  the  approach 
is  three  miles  long.  The  bridge  is 
double  tracked  and  permits  the  coun- 
try between  Calcutta  and  Darjeeling 
to  enjoy  rapid  passenger  and  mail  and 
freight    service.        To    appreciate    the 


time  saved  alone  in  the  bridging  of 
the  Ganges  at  this  point  one  need  only 
to  observe  the  operation  of  the  nu- 
merous other  ferries  throughout  India. 

That  one  may  enjoy  the  scenic  low- 
lands of  India  in  comfort  numerous 
trips  are  afforded  in  fast  and  com- 
modious river  boats,  one  of  them  being 
some  1,700  miles  in  extent. 

Along  the  northern  boundary  of  In- 
dia lays  the  Himalaya  mountains, 
within  whose  ranges  are  located  the 
highest  peaks  in  the  world.  One 
should  not  visit  India  and  miss  a  trip 
to  one  of  the  numerous  mountain  re- 
sorts in  the  Himalayas;  where  an  es- 
cape may  be  made  from  the  sultry 
heat  of  the  lowlands. 

Most    Thrilling    Journey- 
By    Rail    in    the    World 

In  this  description  of  rail  travel  in 
India  I  do  not  believe  omission  should 
be  made  of  one  of  the  most  thrilling 
railroad  journeys  to  be  found  in  the 
world.  This  is  the  line  operated  by 
the  Darjeeling  and  Himalayan  Rail- 
way upon  a  twenty-two  inch  gauge 
from  Siliguri  to  Darjeeling,  rising  to 
an  altitude  of  8,200  feet  in  5  hours 
over  a  distance  of  51  miles. 

Darjeeling  is  situated  due  north  of 
Calcutta,  about  400  miles  in  the  Hima- 
laya mountains,  and  is  a  picturesque 
city  inhabited  by  natives  of  the  Tibet, 
Bhuta  and  Nepali  lands.  Leaving 
Siliguri  one  soon  notices  the  change 
of  atmosphere  as  the  ascent  is  started, 
the  road  traversing  densely  foliaged 
tropical  jungles  to  emerge  into  the 
open  country,  where  an  appreciation 
of  the  steep  climb  can  be  had- 

This  roadbed  is  the  exemplification 
of  what  engineers  can  do  toward  con- 
structing a  crooked,  yet  safe  rail  line, 
for  this  line  has  been  operated  since 
1887  without  a  fatal  accident.  I  have 
ridden  on  a  few  so-called  steep  and 
crooked  railroads,  but  Without  men- 
tioning names,  all  having  their  par- 
ticular features  which  I  always  will 
appreciate,  I  must  say  that  the  Dar- 
jeeling and  Himalayan  Railway  looks 
up  to  no  "kinky"  competitor.  One 
cannot  help  but  marvel  and  at  times 
hold  his  breath  at  the  remarkable  way 
that  altitude  is  attained  with  the  sharp 
curves  and  back-switching  tangents. 

Thirty  miles  of  this  trip  is  through 
some  of  the  world's  largest  tea  plan- 
tations. From  Darjeeling  on  clear 
days  one  may  view  Mount  Everest, 
"29,144  feet  high.  From  Darjeeling  on 
clear  days  one  may  view  Mount  Ever- 
est. 29,144  feet  high,  the  tallest  moun- 
tain in  the  world.  Close  at  hand  are 
Mounts  Kinchenjunga  (28,146  feet) 
and  Dongyka  (23,653  feet),  the  sec- 
ond and  third  highest  peaks. 

India's  wonderful  success  in  Gov- 
ernment owned  railroads  is  due  to  the 
conditions,  mainly  labor,  that  exist  in 
the  provinces,  such  conditions  that  I 
know  cannot  be  attained  in  America. 


104 


Pan    P a c i  f  i 


Filipinos 
Are  Eager 
For  Their 
Independence 


By  J.  J.  RAFFERTY 

Mr.  Raffertv  is  director  of  the 
Philippines  Bureau  of  Commerce  and 
Industry,  with  offices  in  San  Francisco. 

SIXCE  the  visit  to  the  United  States 
of  the  Philippine  Mission  last 
spring  so  many  rumors,  tinctured  with 
malice,  have  been  in  circulation  in  re- 
gard to  the  future  of  the  Philippines 
and  the  attitude  of  the  Filipinos  to- 
wards Americans  that  I  feel  impelled 
to  say  just  a  word  on  this  subject, 
though  1  seldom  meddle  with  politics. 
The  desire  of  the  Filipinos  for  their 
independence  is  not  only  nattiral,  but 
is  encom^aged  by  Uncle  Sam. 

Senate  Bill  381,  enacted  by  Con- 
gress in  1916  (called  the  Jones  Law) 
entitled:  "An  Act  to  Declare  the  Pur- 
pose of  the  People  of  the  United  States 
as  to  the  Future  Status  of  the  People 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,"  gave  the 
Filipinos  practical  control  of  their 
government,  with  a  promise  of  com- 
plete independence.  Since  then  they 
have  been  on  probation.  They  feel 
they  have  done  well. 

In  my  estimation,  they  have  given 
a  good  account  of  themselves  in  the 
legislation  passed  and  in  the  manage- 
ment of  their  government.  They  now 
ask  that  Congress  judge  their  work 
of  the  past  three  years,  and  if  satisfac- 
tory, carry  out  the  provision  of  the 
Jones  law- 
Justice  Is  Fair 
In   the    Philippines 

The  Philippines  have  a  stable  gov- 
ernment. Justice  is  fairly  adminis- 
tered. The  burden  of  taxation  is  well 
distributed.  The  taxes  are  collected 
as  impartially  and  with  almost  as  lit- 
tle cost  as  here  in  the  United  States. 
I  know  of  ?io  country  in  the  world 
where  taxes  are  so  low  as  in  the 
Philippines. 

The  revenues  are  expended  under 
the  direction  of  Filipinos,  with  reason- 
able care,  for  the  benefit  of  their  peo- 
ple in  education,  public  works  and 
similar  worthy  purposes. 

The  government  of  the  Philippines 
is  on  a  sound  financial  footing.  Its 
revenues  are  more  than  sufficient  to 
provide  for  all  its  obligations  and 
leave  a  comfortable  surplus  besides. 
Its  people  are  contented  and  prosper- 
ous. 

The  Philippine  government  since 
American  occupation  has  been  one  of 
the   best   in   the   world.     I   make   this 


DISTANCES  FROM   MANILA 

■ 


I 


'' 


1.4*11 


STRATEGIC   POSITION   O 

statement  in  view  of  my  intimate 
knowledge  of  Philippine  affairs.  I 
have  served  there  since  Mr.  \V-  II. 
Taft  was  Civil  Governor.  Credit  for 
this  state  of  affairs  belongs  equally  to 
the  Filipinos  and  Americans.  There- 
fore, there  remains  but'  little  to  be 
done  in  granting  Philippine  indepen- 
dence— just  the  finishing  touches  to 
the  job  that  Uncle  Sam  undertook  in 
1899. 

Would   Not    Affect 

Present  Relations 
Knowing  the  Filipinos  as  I  do,  and 
appreciating  their  friendship  for  the 
United  States,  I  do  not  believe  that 
the  granting  of  their  independence 
would  affect  the  existing  amicable 
commercial  relations  with  America  to 
any  measurable  degree,  if  at  all. 
Practically    two-thirds    of    the    Philip- 


F    MANILA    IN    FAR    EAST 

pine  foreign  trade  is  with  America 
now  and  the  proportion  is  increasing 
yearly.  It  is  to  the  advantage  of  both 
governments  to  have  exchanged  the 
tropical  products  of  the  Philippines 
for  the  manufactured  articles  of  the 
United  States.  So,  why  not  continue 
this  happy  satisfactory  state  of  af- 
fairs? 

American  investments  in  the  Phi- 
lippines have  invariably  proven  satis- 
factory and  profitable  and  whatever 
change  of  government  may  occur  such 
investments  will  undoubtedly  continue 
on  the  same  footing  and  have  ample 
guarantees  as  to  their  safety. 

Many  of  the  principal  enterprises 
there  are  financed  and  sustained  by 
American  capital — all  of  which  would 
tend  to  stabilize  the  commercial  rela- 
tionships. 


January     19  20 


105 


South  America  Offers  Ready  Market 
For  Coast  Products -writes  b.  a.  McKeMe 


SOUTH  AFRICA  offers  a  ready 
market  for  Pacific  Coast  products, 
and  particularly  to  those  of  Western 
Canada,  which  have  the  advantage  of 
the  Imperial  trade  preference  allowed 
by  the  Union,  declares  W.  J.  Egan, 
Canadian  Trade  Commissioner  to 
South  Africa.  Mr.  Egan  is  revisiting 
Canada  after  six  years  spent  in  South 
Africa  in  the  interests  of  Canadian 
trade. 

Lumber  and  manufactured  goods, 
particularly  farming  implements  ana 
requisites,  canned  vegetables  and  other 
food  products  are  in  demand  in  the 
southern  union,  he  announced  to  Cana- 
dian manufacturers  recently. 

In  order  to  do  successful  business 
with  South  Africa,  or  in  fact  any 
other  country  exporters  must  take 
care  to  conform  with  the  shipping  re- 
quirements and  demands  of  their  cli- 
ents, he  pointed  out  in  discussing 
trade  possibilities  with  Pan-Pacific. 
Points  For  Exporters 
In  Shipment  of   Goods 

Asked  to  name  some  essential  points 
in  shipping  to  South  Africa,  Commis- 
sioner Egan  said : 

"The  exporter  should  remember  that 
it  is  comparatively  easy  to  place  the 
initial  order,  but  that  subsequent  sales 
largely  depend  upon  the  character  of 
the  first  shipment.  It  is  the  shipping 
methods  that  count.  The  exporter 
should  make  his  shipping  department 
so  thoroughly  efficient  that  his  over- 
seas clients  will  always  remember  the 
excellent  manner  in  which  they  re- 
ceived the  goods  and  how  easily  they 
were  arranged  to  pass  customs  regu- 
lations and  inspection. 

"The  first  and  in  fact  every  ship- 
ment should  help  to  place  future  or- 
ders. The  exporter's  customers  should 
be  so  satisfied  with  the  treatment  and 
care  accorded  them  that  should  they 
think  of  the  particular  lines  lie  is  sell- 
ing they  immediately  associate  them 
with  his  firm,  no.  matter  how  many 
competitors  there  may  be  for  their 
business. 

"Shipping  overseas  is  not  the  same 
as  shipping  inland.  The  packing  must 
be  strong,  but  not  cumbersome.  It 
should  be  remembered  that  batten 
spaces  eat  into  delivery  costs. 

"Where  iron  hooping  is  used,  the 
shipper  should  remember  that  he  is 
preparing  goods  for  an  8,000-mile  voy- 
age, and  not  for  a  trip  around  the 
block.  Tin  or  'baby  ribbon'  hooping 
will  not  hold  where  iron  hooping  is 
necessary. 

"The  same  thing  applies  to  heavy 
bales.     They  should  be  strapped  and 


not  tied  with  string  or  light  rope  for 
overseas  shipping.  Every  case,  crate, 
barrel,  bale,  package  or  single  bar  of 
iron  should  be  marked  in  such  a  way 
that  the  port  of  destination  is  always 
in  evidence. 

"The  exporter  should  bear  in  mind 
that  his  representative  in  a  distant 
part  of  the  world  is  paid  to  sell  goods, 
and  not  to  argue  with  customers  about 
damaged  shipments.  If  he  has  to  do 
this  he  is  gaining  nothing  for  those 
for  whom  he  is  working,  and  they  are 
losing  a  large  measure  of  their  repre- 
sentation. Ageain  careless  and  dam- 
aged shipments  are  not  only  unsatis- 
factory to  customers,  but  unfair  to 
the  men  who  are  selling  the  products. 

"Tt  is  just  as  essential,"  continued 
the  commissioner,  "that  commercial 
papers  and  documents  incidental  to  ex- 
port trade  should  receive  the  same  care 
in  preparation  and  delivery  as  the  ac- 
tual shipments. 

"It  is  essential,"  he  said,  "that  one 
copy  of  the  invoice  and  non-negoti- 
able bill  of  lading  should  reach  cus- 
tomers in  South  Africa  on  or,  if  pos- 
sible, before  the  arrival  of  the  carry- 
ing steamer.  Selling  to  arrive,  is  a 
big -factor   in    South    African   trading. 


Overseas  customers  should  be  advised 
as  far  ahead  of  the  arrival  of  the  ship- 
ment as  it  is  possible  to  do  of  the  con- 
signments being  forwarded. 

"On  all  invoices  with  C.  I.  F.  quo- 
tations, the  invoice  must  state  the 
amount  of  the  ocean  freight.  The 
face  of  the  invoice,  declaring  the  true 
value  at  the  time  of  the  shipment 
should  correspond  with  the  declaration 
on  the  back  of  the  same. 

"In  placing  insurance  for  over- 
seas customers,  policies  should  be  in 
companies  represented  at  the  port  of 
destination.  When  this  is  not  done 
the  settlement  of  claims  is  often  de- 
layed for  more  than  a  year. 

"South  African  merchants  want 
their  drafts  through  their  own  banks. 
Many  importers  in  the  Union  have 
stated  that  so  little  attention  has  been 
paid  by  shippers  to  their  instructions 
that  for  the  future  they  will  stipulate 
on  all  order  forms  that  they  reserve 
the  right  of  refusing  acceptance  of 
goods  unless  their  instructions  regard- 
ing drafts  are  observed. 

"Again  I  would  advise,"  said  Com- 
missioner Egan  in  conclusion,  "make 
the  first  shipment  sell  the  second,  the 
second  the  third,  and  improve  each, 
until  improvement  is  impossible." 


Dutch  East  Indies:  Where?  What? 


(By  J.  W.  Evans) 

THERE  are  mighty  few  American 
business  men  these  days  who  are 
not  nibbling  more  or  less  at  foreign 
trade  and  the  foreign  investment  idea. 
Manufacturers  think  of  it  in  terms  of 
export;  merchants  in  terms  of  im- 
port ;  engineers  in  terms  of  service ; 
and  everybody  with  money  to  invest 
in  terms  of  stocks,  bonds,  and  new 
commercial  enterprises.  Opportunity 
is  calling  to  us  from  the  ends  of  the 
earth.  There  is  so  much  of  it  that 
the   difficulty  is  to  pick   the   best. 

Everybody  knows  about  the  big 
places  of  course.  China?  Yes.  South 
America?  Of  course.  Europe?  Un- 
questionably !  Russia  ?  Maybe ;  some 
time!  The  Dutch  East  Indies?  Eh? 
What?    Where's  that?* 

A  lot  of  us  think  it's  down  some- 
where in  the  Caribbean.  That's  how 
much  we've  thought  about  the  Dutch 
East.  That's  how  we've  been  over- 
looking this,  one  of  the  very  biggest 
bets  of  the  lot,  though  it's  right  under 
our  nose,  regularly  punching  our  fi- 
nancial ribs  in  its  effort  to  draw  our 
attention, 


On  the  map  they  look  like  a  lot  of 
spceks — Sumatra,  Java,  Borneo,  Cel- 
ebes, New  Guinea,  and  a  lot  of  lesser 
Pacific  planets,  trailing  there  out  into 
the  East  from  the  tip  of  the  Malay 
Peninsula. 

But  get  out  your  thumb  rule, 
gauge  it  by  the  scale  of  miles,  and 
then  fit  it  to  that  little  archipelago 
and  see  what  happens.  Three  thou- 
sand miles  long,  by  gum!  And  the 
area  Try  page  91  of  the  Atlas — 750,- 
000  square  miles;  and  the  population? 
Fifty  million!  Why,  that's  something 
like  the  area  of  the  United  States  east 
of  the  Mississippi;  and  half  our  popu- 
lation !  At  that  rate  there  must  be 
something  in  it! 

You  're  right !  There  is !  It  beats 
the  wealth  of  Ormus  and  of  Ind!  It 
is  one  of  Mother  Earth's  treasure 
houses;  men  have  fought  and  striven 
for  its  riches  ever  since  Magellan 
struck  it  on  his  way  round  the  globe. 
They  had  no  statistics  in  those  days ; 
but  in  terms  of  the  year  1917  its  for- 
eign trade  was  $520,000,000  worth; 
and  that's  just  a  beginning.  There's 
more  coming;  and  happy  the  man  who 
(Continued  on  page  109) 


106 


Pan    Pacific 


A  Few  Pointers  to  U.  S.  Exporters 
From  One  Who  Knows-By  h.  h.  Miner 


WOULD  like  to  suggest  a  few 
-*•  things  that  American  firms  who 
expect  to  do  an  export  business  should 
learn  and  do. 

The  first  and  most  important  of  all 
is  to  put  competent  men  in  their  ship- 
ping and  billing  departments  who  will 
follow  the  shipping  instructions  given 
by  the  purchaser. 

This  is  something  the  majority  of 
American  firms  absolutely  refuse  to 
do.  It  causes  delays  in  the  shipments, 
extra  costs  to  the  purchaser  and  dis- 
satisfaction   in    general. 

Shipments  to  foreign  countries  go 
through  custom  houses  at  the  port  of 
entry  and  each  country  has  its  rules 
and  regulations  which  must  be  com- 
plied with. 

Generally  the  shipments  are  con- 
signed to  a  customs  broker  designated 
by  the  foreign  purchaser  and  this 
broker  must  be  supplied  with  certain 
shipping  documents  such  as  copy  of 
original  of  bill  of  lading,  copy  of  in- 
voice, packing  list,  etc.,  etc. 

Export  houses  in  Europe  keep  all 
this  information  and  data  on  file  and 
even  if  specific  instructions  are  not 
given  with  the  order  they  make  the 
shipment  and  papers  correctly  so  that 
there  is  little,  if  any,  trouble  at  this 
end  of  the  line  when  the  goods  ar- 
rive. 

When  we  send  orders  to  the  U.  S.  A. 
we  write  all  the  instructions  clearly 
and  in  detail  with  each  individual  or- 
der and  try  to  emphasize  the  fact  that 
it  is  necessary  for  them  to  be  carried 
out.  We  then  write  our  customs 
broker  advising  that  the  order  has 
been  placed  and  ask  him  to  look  out 
for  it.  This  would  not  be  at  all  neces- 
sary if  we  could  be  sure  the  shipper 
would  carry  out  the  instructions  al- 
ready given  him. 

Then,  as  a  rule,  the  man  who  re- 
ceives it  either  does  not  read  our  in- 
structions or  thinks  they  are  a  bunch 
of  foolishness  from  some  "nut"  who 
does  not  know  what  he  wants  and 
ships  according  to  his  own  notions. 
Our  broker  is  on  the  lookout  and  gets 
the  goods  across  somehow.  Maybe  he 
wires  for  documents  that  are  short, 
maybe  he  guesses  at  them  or  maybe 
he  gives  a  tip  to  a  friendly  customs 
house  employe  and  charges  it  to  our 
account,  all  of  which  could  have  been 
avoided  if  the  shipper  had  done  as  we 
instructed  him  to  do  and  not  what  he 
considered  as  all  that  was  needed. 

Of  course  there  are  a  number  of 
American  exporters  who  know  the 
custom   house   requirements   and   who 


make  shipments  and  documents  cor- 
rectly, but  they  are  the  exception  ra- 
ther than  the  rule.  A  great  many 
do  not  want  to  learn. 

They  think  the  American  style  of 
doing  business  is  the  only  way  and 
the  people  who  want  to  trade  with  us 
must  come  to  it.  This  is  something 
they  must  get  out  of  their  heads  if 
they  really  want  to  get  in  the  push  and 
compete  with  Europe  for  the  Latin- 
American  trade. 

Another  "kick"  against  shipments 
from  the  United  States  is  the  packing. 
Most  houses  pack  for  export  the  same 
as  for  domestic  shipment.  They  do 
not  take  into  consideration  the  longer 
haul,  the  number  of  transfers  or  the 
fact  that  the  packages  are  to  be  open- 
ed at  the  border  for  customs  inspec- 
tion. More  goods  from  the  U.  S.  A. 
are  lost  or  broken  because  of  poor 
packing  than  from  any  other  country 
in  the  world. 

Another  thing  that  hurts  the  U.  S. 
trade  in  Latin-America  is  the  custom 
of  substituting.  This  may  work  al- 
right in  the  States  but  not  here.   l 

If  a  Mexican  peon  has  been  using 
a  "John  Brown"  plow  with  a  red 
handle  and  likes  it  he  will  want  an- 
other just  like  it.  If  you  show  him 
exactly  the  same  plow  with  a  green 
handle  he  will  rot  buy  it.  You  musr. 
cater  to  his  whim  and  paint  his  plow 
handle  red  if  you  want  to  sell  him  one. 

Last  spring  I  spent  two  days  on  a 
Southern  Pacific  train  from  Los  An- 
geles to  Spofford  Junction  with  a 
wealthy  ranchman  and  business  man 
from  Chile.  He  told  me  they  had  the 
same  troubles  there  with  shipments 
from  the  United  States  as  we  have  in 
Mexico. 

He  cited  an  instance  of  a  large 
dealer  having  paid  in  advance  for  an 
order  of  a  certain  brand  of  goods  and 
received  another  kind  for  which  there 
was  no  demand  in  Chile.  He  said  that 
Chile  is  comparatively  small  and  that 
this  deal  was  known  to  all  the  large 
buyers  in  the  country.  As  a  result 
that  particular  American  firm  will  not 
do  any  more  business  there  and  others 
are  viewed  with  more  or  less  distrust. 

Is  there  no  way  to  beat  it  into  the 
head  of  the  man  who  expects  to  do  a 
business  with  Latin-America  that  this 
does  not  pay?  And  still  another 
thing — answering  letters  and  acknowl- 
edging receipt  of  orders. 

The  average  Mexican  business  man 
will  write  a  polite  acknowledgment  of 
even  a  circular  letter  so  when  he  sends 
an  order  or   writes  a  business  letter 


he  expects  an  answer  even  though 
from  an  American  business  man's 
point  of  view  an  answer  may  not  be 
really  necessary. 

Aside  from  a  question  of  courtesy 
this  is  important  in  Mexico  for  another 
reason.  For  several  years,  owing  to 
various  kinds  of  disturbances  and  poor 
railroad  service,  the  mails  have  not 
been  very  reliable  and  you  cannot  be 
sure  that  a  letter  has  reached  its.  des- 
tination just  because  you  know  it  was 
properly  addressed  and  put  in  the 
mail  box  as  you  can  in  the  States. 
Here  we  never  feel  real  sure  that  a 
letter,  check  or  order  has  been  re- 
ceived until  we  get  an  answer  of  some 
kind. 

Today,  Oct.  27,  the  agent  for  an 
American  camera  company  showed  me 
a  letter  from  the  firm  dated  Oct.  6,  re- 
plying to  his  letter  of  September  1. 
They  certainly  would  not  keep  one  of 
their  U.  S.  agents  waiting  that  long 
for  an  answer  to  a  letter  but  seem  to 
think  any  old  time  is  good  enough  to 
write  to  Mexico. 

Today  I  was  in  the  office  of  the 
manager  of  the  Water  Works  Com- 
pany. He  showed  me  copy  of  an  or- 
der to  the  manufacturers  of  

pump  for  repairs,  date,  Sept.  3,  to 
which  he  had  not  received  a  reply  of 
any  kind.  He  is  wondering  if  they  re- 
ceived his  order  and  if  they  are  going 
to  attend  to  it  or  if  he  shall  order  us 
to  manufacture  the  pieces  he  needs 
here. 

His  letter  was  written  in  Spanish. 
Maybe  they  have  no  one  in  their  of- 
fice who  can  read  Spanish  and  do  not 
think  it  worth  while  to  have  it  trans- 
lated. Write  a  letter  to  any  European 
business  house,  in  any  language,  and 
you  will  receive  an  answer  promptly 
in  the  same  language. 

Germans  have  just  sold  a  large  Ger- 
man-make gas  engine  to  the  above 
mentioned  water  works  company,  and 
have  contracted  for  three  more  re- 
cently in  this  same  district. 

The  European  houses  have  their  men 
here  on  the  job,  are  going  after  the 
business  and  getting  some  of  it.  The 
Americans  are  taking  some  of  the  or- 
ders that  are  forced  on  them  and  mak- 
ing deliveries  when  they  are  good  and 
ready. 

I  am  an  American  "clear  through" 
and  it  worries  me  to  see  other  for- 
eigners getting  ahead  of  us  here.  I 
trust  the  N.  P.  T.  C.  will  be  success- 
ful in  building  up  a  flourishing  trade 
with  Latin-America  and  especially 
with  Mexico. 


January    19  20 


107 


Exhibition 
Trade  Ship 
To  Sail  Seas 


By  T.  W.  SHEFFIELD 

THE  ship  would  represent  the  best 
class  built  by  the  United  States 
Shipping  Board,  preferably  of  the  larg- 
est tonnage  equipped  with  the  latest 
labor  saving  device,  such  as  electrical 
operated  winches,  capstan,  windlass, 
steering  gear,  together  with  deck  fit- 
tings of  the  latest  approved  pattern, 
typical  of  the  best  and  most  satisfac- 
tory design,  conforming  to  the  high- 
est standard  of  the  American  Mercan- 
tile Marine,  in  order  to  interest  for- 
eign shipping  interests  at  the  ports 
visited. 

( '(instruction  of  the  ship  would  be  of 
the  best  type,  covering  bulkheads,  wa- 
ter tight  doors  and  closing  system, 
fire  and  flooding  system,  ventilating, 
and  arrangements  for  the  economical 
working  of  the  ship. 

The  engines  would  represent  the 
best  design  of  American  Marine  En- 
gineers, including  the  best  oil  firing 
system,  and  safety  arrangement  of  oil- 
ing system ;  in  the  case  of  turbine 
engines  being  installed.  All  auxiliary 
machinery  to  be  electrically  driven 
wherever  possible ;  these  features  in 
themselves  would  command  enquiries 
and  orders.  Each  section  to  be  repre- 
sented by  the  maker,  salesman,  or  en- 
gineer with  a  competent  interpreter 
of  languages  for  the  countries  visited. 
Machinery  Exhibits 
Placed  In  the  Holds 
The  different  holds  would  be  divided 
into  suita'ble  sections,  for  laying  out 
to  the  highest  advantage  spaces  for 
the  machinery  exhibition  sueb  as  wood 
working  machinery,  electrical  goods, 
agricultural  implements,  mining  ma- 
chinery, pumping  and  hydraulic  ma- 
chinery, machine  tools  and  factory  fit- 
tings, etc.,  these  spaces  being  used  for 
the  heavier  exhibits,  as  many  as  pos- 
sible being  shown  in  operation,  with 
suitable  lifts  for  passenger  service  to 
all  decks. 

Special  attention  would  be  paid  to 
food  products,  such  as  dried  fruits, 
preserves,  the  different  products  of 
each  State  to  be  shown. 

The  music  salon  would  be  furnished 
with  the  best  selection  of  American 
pianos,  organs,  graphophones  and  mu- 
sical instruments,  special  concerts  be- 
ing arranged  to  suit  the  varied  tastes 
of  the  countries  visited. 

The  reception  salon  would  be  re- 
served entirely  for  entertaining  pur- 
poses, lectures,  addresses  and  recep- 
tions, liberal  provision  being  made  for 
entertaining  the  leading  commercial 
bodies  invited  to  inspect  the  exhibition. 


A  sample  department  would  be  re- 
sponsible for  collecting  samples  of 
goods  and  wares  in  demand  by  any 
particular  trade  of  the  countries.  A 
printing  department  would  be  equip- 
ped with  the  latest  printing  presses, 
all  printing  eonected  with  the  exhibi- 
tion when  in  service  to  be  printed  from 
same. 

Special      Facilities 

In  Filing  All  Data 

Special  facilities  would  be  provided 
for  filing  full  particulars  of  all  inquir- 
ies made  by  prospective  customers,  all 
such  data  to  be  published  and  mailed 
to  the  Chambers  of  Commerce  through- 
out America  or  alluded  to  in  such 
Government  trade  publications  as 
found  advisable  at  the  earliest  date 
following  receipt  of  same. 

Catalogues  and  pamphlets  would  be 
printed  in  the  language  of  the  country 
visited,  special  care  being  taken  to 
meet  the  local  conditions  in  such  mat- 
ters as  shipments,  size  of  same  for 
transportation,  together  with  condi- 
tions of  contract,  duties  and  billing. 

The  charges  for  space  would  be  on 
the  same  basis  as  is  usual  with  large 
exhibitions,  due  allowance  being  made 
for  the  extra  costs  involved  in  run- 
ning the  ship  under  the  conditions  out- 
lined. 

The  expedition  would  be  heralded  by 
an  extensive  advertising  campaign 
throughout  the  countries  visited;  this 
department  would  be  in  charge  of  an 
expert  with  competent  assistants  as  a 
great  deal  of  the  success  of  the  exhi- 
bition depends  upon  efficient  publicity. 

In  drawing  up  a  rough  outline  of 
the  scheine  for  Pan-Pacific  many  side 
issues  have  been  eliminated,  but  there 
is  no  doubt  such  an  exhibition  in  the 
interest  of  American  manufacturers 
would  be  the  means  of  increasing  our 
foreign  trade  relations  by  millions, 
whilst  the  results  accruing  to  actual 
exhibitors  would  be  highly  profitable, 
making  it  possible  to  conduct  such  an 
exhibition  of  national  importance  ev- 
ery five  years  or  so  for  the  permanent 
building  up  of  every  department  of 
American  trade. 

In  this  connection  it  may  not  be  out 
of  place  to  mention  the  writer  was  as- 
sociated with  the  "Made  in  Canada 
Train"  organized  by  the  Canadian 
Manufacturers'  Association,  which 
traveled  the  Dominion  of  Canada  from 
East  to  West,  consisting  of  seven 
coaches  of  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way, equipped  in  a  similar  manner  to 
that  outlined,  resulting  in  millions  of 
business  being  secured. 

Tn  originating  a  similar  scheme  for 
an  all  made  "British  Trade  Train" 
for  the  countries  of  the  world,  it  met 
with  instantaneous  success,  being  un- 
dertaken by  the  Industrial  Bureau  of 
the  Royal  Colonial  Institute,  London, 
but  the  Avar  prevented  the  carrying 
out  of  the  plan. 


The  Source 
of  Foreign 
Credit  Data 


By  ERNEST  L.  LITTLE 

AMONG  the  many  export  problems 
confronting  the  new  exporter  is 
his  credit  policy-  As  a  rule,  manufac- 
turers and  exporters  are  quite  willing 
to  sell  on  credit  providing  they  can 
have  a  reasonable  assurance  that  the 
foreign  importer  is  in  a  position  to 
pay  for  his  purchases.  This  assur- 
ance, however,  should  be  based  on  the 
financial  standing  and  responsibility 
(if  the  foreign  purchaser,  and  the  same 
precautions  should  be  taken  by  the 
exporter  in  the  extension  of  foreign 
credit  as  in  domestic  credit. 

The  sources  of  domestic  credit  infor- 
mation are  well  known  and  shipments 
are  frequently  made  upon  the  agency 
rating.  The  new  exporter,  lacking 
this  readily  accessible  source  of  infor- 
mation as  to  his  perspective  foreign 
customer's  financial  standing,  becomes 
bewildered  and  questions  the  advisa- 
bility of  extending  credit. 

There  are,  however,  many  reliable 
sources  of  foreign  credit  information 
and  when  used  judiciously,  provide 
material  upon  which  the  extension  of 
credit  can  carefully  be  considered. 
Credit  Agencies 
Necessary  To  Trade 
The  best  known  domestic  sources 
of  obtaining  information  on  the  stand- 
ing of  foreign  customers,  are  the 
credit  agencies.  These  agencies,  whose 
sole  purpose  is  to  obtain  domestic  and 
foreign  credit  information,  have  es- 
tablished their  own  offices  abroad  and 
with  their  correspondents  and  agents, 
are  able  to  furnish  the  American  ex- 
porter with  details  regarding  a  credit 
risk. 

Tn  addition  to  this  source,  there  are 
several  non  -  mercantile  associations 
which  have  established  foreign  credit 
departments  with  direct  foreign  cor- 
respondents, for  the  benefit  of  their 
members.  Export  publications  also 
maintain  foreign  credit  bureaus  for 
the  use  of  their  advertisers. 

Besides  these  organizations,  the 
manufacturer  may  obtain  credit  infor- 
mation through  the  credit  departments 
of  American  banks  and  the  branches 
of  foreign  banks  in  this  country.  The 
American  banks  perceiving  the  need 
of  substantial  foreign  credit  informa- 
tion have  established  a  department  for 
the  purpose  of  assisting  exporters,  ancr 
through  their  own  branches  and  for- 
eign banking  correspondents  they  are 
able  to  supply  information  from  all 
parts  of  the  world.  "When  there  is  no 
information    on    file    an    investigation 

(Continued  on  page  110) 


108 


Opportunities  for  American  Capital  in  Chile 


(Continued   from  pHSe  99) 


the  help  of  European  and  American 
capital,  cannot  be  denied,  as  regards 
to  agriculture  and  in  the  nitric  indus- 
try, especially  in  the  manufacture  of 
explosives.  Waldemar  Kaempffert, 
editor  of  the  Popular  Science  Monthly, 
said  in  an  article  which  appeared  in 
the  American  Review  of  Reviews 
under  the  title  of  "Chile's  Priceless 
Desert," 

Nature  Deposited  Tons 
Of     Nitrate     of     Soda 

"Luckily  for  mankind,  nature  de- 
posited millions  of  tons  of  nitrogen  in 
the  form  of  a  Chilean  saltpeter  (nitrate 
of  soda)  behind  a  plateau  5000  feet 
above  sea  level  and  twenty  miles  from 
the  Pacific  Coast — a  dreary,  parched, 
almost  raiidess  strip  of  land,  a  verit- 
able desert.  For  nearly  a  century 
Chilean  waste  has  been  a  priceless  pos- 
session of  civilization.  It  has  stood 
between  us  and  starvation. 

"Upon  it  the  farmers  of  Europe  and 
America  have  been  almost  entirely  de- 
pendent for  nearly  a  century  and  with 
them  a  host  of  industries  as  well  as 
grasping  empires  that  have  expanded 
their  dominions,  by  means  of  gun- 
powder, nitroglycerine  and  T.  N.  T. 
The  power  of  waging  war,  the  power 
of  producing  crops  to  feed  a  whole 
population,  the  power  of  developing 
essential  industries  have  been  all  de- 
pendent on  Chile.  What  would  have 
happened  if  the  ports  of  that  country 
were  blockaded?  The  great  German 
chemist  Oswald,  wrote  some  years  ago 
before  the  European  conflict: 

"  'If  today  a  great  war  should  break 
out  between  two  great  powers,  of 
which  one  was  to  prevent  the  export 
of  saltpeter  from  the  few  ports  of 
Chile,  it  would  therefore  make  it  im- 
possible for  the  enemy  to  continue 
longer  than  its  ammunition  supply 
would  last.'  No  Avonder  that  Ger- 
many had  accumulated  approximately 
six  hundred  and  sixty  thousand  tons 
of  Chilean  saltpeter  and  that  it  threw 
its  spiked  helmet  up  with  joy  when  it 
captured  two  thousand  tons  more  in 
Antwerp.  Whenever  you  eat  a  piece 
of  bread  rest  assured  that  you  have 
paid  your  share  of  Chile's  tax." 

There  is  nothing  to  add  to  this  com- 
mentary. I  can  say  only  that  there 
are  lrage  tracts  of  nitrate  lands,  be- 
longing to  the  government,  parts  of 
which  are  being  sold  from  time  to 
time,  thus  creating  a  splendid  oppor- 
tunity for  American  capital. 
Capital  Is  Needed 
For  Producing  Metal 

The  deposits  of  copper  and  iron  are 
also  inert  for  lack  of  capital  to  es- 
tablish plants  as  important  as  those 
at  Chuquicamata,  El  Teniente,  Xalta- 
(rua,  El  Tofo,  etc,  whose  prolific  pro- 
duction is  well  known  by  business  men 
all  over  the  world. 


All  along  the  southern  and  central 
coast,  Chile  has  large  deposits  of  coal 
which  at  present  produce  about  2,500,- 
000  tons  yearly.  The  development  of 
this  and  of  the  iron  industry  would 
give  a  great  impetus  to  the  steel  in- 
dustry which  has  only  been  given  a 
trial,  but  which  through  national  ef- 
fort, will  come  to  a  successful  issue. 

Chile  has'  also  an  abundance  of  mer- 
cury, gold,  silver,  zinc,  manganese, 
marble,  gypsum,  cement,  mica,  etc.  Due 
to  its  configuration  Chile  is  crossed  by 
rivers  rising  in  the  Andes  and  flow- 
ing to  the  sea  and  within  the  terri- 
tory, at  a  short  distance  from  one  an- 
other, there  are  large  and  powerful 
waterfalls  which  could  be  made  to  pro- 
duce   several    million    horse    power    of 


Commerce     of     Chile 
With  Rest  of  World 

Before  the  war  Chile  did  most  of 
her  trading  with  Europe.  From  the 
Treasury  Report  of  1918,  Don  Luis 
Solar,  Minister  of  the  Treasury  and 
notable  financier,  explains  the  financial 
situation  of  the  eountrv  for  the  year 
1917,  as  follows: 

Chilean   Gold 

Importations,   total   value $  355,077,027 

Exportations,  total   value 712,289,028 

Transit   trade   134,143,654 

,     General    Total    $1,201,509,709 

The  importations  are  divided  in  the 
following  manner : 

Mine    products    $26,487,995 

Natural  water  and  forest  prod- 
ucts       2,950,103 

Cattle    Products    10,231,467 

Agricultural    products 19,102,917 

Food    products    29,719,727 

Beverages     and     liquors 2,514,249 

Manufactured    tobaccos    1,087,398 

Textile     products    99,410,332 

Chemical     products     31,009,978 

Metallurgical    products     34,630,131 

Machinery,    hardware,    etc 27,252,214 

Transport    materials    22,674,276 

Sundry  manufactured  products  31,720,868 
Specie    and    precious    metals....  16,285,372 

electric  force.  This  subject  has  been 
given  careful  study  by  Chilean  engin- 
eers, and  any  particulars  with  respect 
to  this  matter  could  be  obtained  from 
the  Sociedad  de  Fomento  Fabril. 

The  manufacturing  industries  of 
Chile  have  reached  a  stage  of  progress 
that  is  almost  incredible  and  puts  her 
in  the  lead  of  any  other  South  Ameri- 
can Republic.  During  the  Avar,  the 
number  of  factories  was  multiplied  and 
their  productions  increased  to  the  ex- 
tent that  that  government  has  been 
compelled  to  take  measures  to  protect 
these  industries  without  raising  the 
prices  too  much  in  the  face  of  foreign 
competition. 

This  industrial  evolution  of  Chile  is 
not  strange  because  the-  destiny  of 
this  country  lies  in  the  path  of  indus- 
try, both  on  account  of  the  enterpris- 


P  an    Pacific 

ing  character  of  her  people  and  the 
resources  and  configuration  of  her  soil 
which  does  not  offer  the  possibilities 
for  competing  in  agriculture  with  the 
prairie  lands  of  Brazil,  Uruguay,  and 
Argentina. 

Before  the  war,  that  is  to  say,  in 
1913,  the  United  States  held  third 
place  as  source  of  importations.  Great 
Britain  was  first,  and  Germany  second, 
United  States  third,  France  fourth, 
Belgium  fifth,  Peru  sixth.  In  1917, 
the  order  was  reversed  as  follows: 
United  States  first,  Great  Britain  see 
ond,  Peru  third,  Argentine  fourth, 
India  fifth,  France  sixth. 

In    1917    Chilean   importations    from 
the  United  States  amounted  to  $174, 
068,041.     This  figure  was  surpassed  in 
1918  and  will  go  even  higher  in  1919. 
In  1913  importations  from  the  United 
States  were  only  $55,038,790. 
Up    To    Manufacturers 
To   Retain  the   Market 
It  rests  with  American  manufactur- 
ers and  bankers  to  retain  the  market, 
by   giving   credit,   carefully   attending 
to  orders  and  in  general  affording  the 
facilities  and  attention  that  the  large 
industrial  countries  of  Europe  gave  to 
Chile  before  the  war,  especially   Ger- 
many and  England. 

The  exportations  during  1917  are 
subdivided   as   follows : 

Mine   products  $614,375,376 

Natural     water     and     forest 

products     1,318,751 

Cattle    products    35,460,308 

Agricultural    products    30,236,738 

Food    products    18,050,284 

Beverages  and  liquors  534,507 

Tobaccos    2,683 

Textile    products    217,334 

Chemical     products     656,780 

Metallurgical     products     2,972 

Transport    material 74,676 

Sundry     manufactured     prod- 
ucts            2,101,501 

Specie   and    precious  metals....       ■    602,205 

Chilean  exportations  to  the  United 
States  in  1917  amounted  to  $424,674,- 
255,  which  shows  an  increase  of  $172,- 
200,686  over  the  former  year.  This 
vast  difference  is  due  to  the  great  pur- 
chases of  nitrate  made  by  the  United 
States  when  she  entered  the  war.  Be- 
fore the  war  the  largest  part  of  the 
nitrate  was  bought  by  Germany,  a 
country  where  its  importance  for  agri- 
cultural purposes  was  most  thoroughly 
understood. 

Wealth    Of    Country 
Only  Barely  Touched 

The  experiences  of  the  Avar  will 
probably  make  the  United  States, 
Great  Britain  and  France  the  largest 
buyers  of  nitrate  for  fertilizing  and 
other  industries  Avhere  nitric  sub- 
stances are  necessary.  The  price  of 
nitrate  has  varied  from  19  to  15  shill- 
ings per  quintal  so  that  it  can  be  said 
that  the  average  price  is  13  shillings. 

The  life  of  Chile  is  prosperous  in 
spite  of  the  fact  that  the  great  wealth 
of  the  country  is  only  beginning  to 
be  developed.     Chile  has  a  population 


January     1920 


109 


d!'  (,000,000  inhabitants  proportion- 
ately distributed  throughout  its  entire 
area  so  thai  there  is  not  a  habitable 
spot  where  the  presence  and  work  of 
man  is  not  to  be  found.  The  density 
ol.'  her  population  is  more  or  less  5.3 
to  the  square  kilometer,  that  is  to  say, 
the  second,  it  not  the  greatest  in 
South  America. 

Chilean  Aborigines  whose  praises 
were  sung  by  Ercilla  were  the  strong- 
est and  most  courageous  of  all  tribes 
encountered  by  the  Spaniards  and  the 
virtues  of  this  now  almost  extinct 
race  are  perpetuated  in  the  Chilean 
people. 

In  Chile  there  are  no  negroes.  When 
one  is  seen  in  the  streets  he  is  the  ob- 
ject of  general  curiosity.  The  race 
is  homogeneous  and  in  the  middle  and 
high  classes  the  pure  white  race  of 
Spanish  and  Basque  origin  is  pre- 
served in  such  a  splendid  manner  as 
to  surprise   the  foreigner. 

English  blood  is  mixed  in  the  lead- 
ing families  of  Chile.  In  any  list  of 
those  attending  the  festivities  of  high 
society  the  number  of  English,  Irish, 
and  Scotch  names  claims  one's  atten- 
tion. 

These  ethnographic  circumstances 
have  made  it  possible  to  civilize  all 
parts  of  the  country  and  distribute 
culture  and  well  being  to  Iter  farther- 
most points.  The  configuration  of  the 
country  has  been  very  favorable  for 
this,  as  there  is  hardly  a  point  that 
is  not  easily  accessible  either  by  rail- 
road or  by  water.  When  Chile  suc- 
ceeds in  overcoming  the  disadvantages 
of  illiteracy  by  means  of  the  plan  of 
public  instruction  which  she  has  now 
under  development  and  when,  follow- 
ing the  example  of  the  United  States, 
site  is  able  to  eradicate  the  consump- 
tion of  alcohol  to  which  her  people 
are  relatively  addicted,  the  general 
conditions  of  the  country  will  be  a 
surprise  to  America. 

Government   and   Politics 
Not     Quite    Settled    Yet 

There  has  been  a  parliamentary  gov- 
ernment in  Chile  since  1891,  but  while 
a  portion  of  public  opinion  supports 
this  system  another  rejects  it  as  it 
does  not  contribute  to  the  strength  of 
the  executive  power  and  to  the  con- 
centration of  all  the  attributes  in  Con- 
gress. The  constant  change  of  minis- 
try caused  by  the  action  of  the  Con- 
gress, probably  gives  right  to  those 
desiring  to  return  to  the  old  "presi- 
dential" regime. 

But  neither  this  nor  the  political 
disputes  between  parties  in  Chile 
would  allow  her  tranquility  to  be  dis- 
turbed by  any  insurrection  or  upris- 
ings. It  must  also  be  borne  in  mind 
that  no  one  on  the  military  or  naval 
service  is  allowed  to  take  part  in  poli- 
tics and  on  account  of  this  fact  the 
"caudillo"  type  is  entirely  unknown 
and  exotic.  The  present  subdivision 
of  the  parties  tends  toward  the  forma- 


tion of  one  central  liberal  party  and 
to  the  subsistence  of  two  leading  ex- 
treme parties  and  from  this  arrange- 
ment the  country  has  much  to  gain. 

Chile's  constitution  is  one  of  the 
oldest  in  the  world,  dating  from  1833 
without  having  been  altered  by  any 
political  revolution.  The  stability  of 
the  constitution  while  the  countries  of 
South  America  have  changed  theirs 
many  times,  indicates  the  special 
mentality  of  the  Chileans  and  their 
respect  for  good  traditions.  Although 
our  enemies  choose  to  present  us  as 
a  militaristic  people,  that  is  to  say, 
one  dominated  by  the  military  class, 
it  is  sufficient  to  cite  the  following 
facts :  that  in  all  our  independent  con- 
st itutional  life  there  have  been  only 
two  generals  in  the  government,  that 
the  general  victorious  over  Peru  and 
Bolivia  was  defeated  in  the  presiden- 
tial elections  in  1886,  by  a  civilian  and 
in  Congress  there  are  never  any  repre- 
sentatives of  the  army  and  that  in  the 
Ministry  of  War  and  Marine  uni- 
formed men  who  have  been  ministers 
are  taken  into  account. 

If  there  is  any  country  where  the 
military  dedicates  itself  exclusively  to 
the  science  of  its  profession,  that  coun- 
try is  Chile.  This  is  the  secret  why 
the  country,  although  not  "militar- 
istic," counts  with  an  excellent  army 
whose  members  have  never  defiled 
their  uniforms  by  barracks  rebellions 
and  conspiracies  against  the  estab- 
lished  order. 

The    Public   Debt    And 
The    Monetary    System 

In  1917  the  foreign  debt  of  Chile 
was  631,044,180.  This  was  incurred  by 
loans  made  for  public  works  (rail- 
roads, ports,  etc.)  and  to  meet  the  cost 
of  acquisition  of  military  supplies 
when  the  country  was  in  danger  of 
foreign  war.  Since  the  beginning  of 
the  Chilean  Republic  she  has  always 
met  her  obligations,  the  old  ones  which 
have  already  been  liquidated  and  the 
present  ones  represented  by  the  sum 
above  mentioned.  During  the  civil 
war  of  1891,  the  contending  factions 
hastened  to  pay  their  share  of  the 
principal  and  interest  of  the  public 
debt  and  thus  maintained  the  foreign 
credit  of  the  nation. 

The  home  debt  is  of  two  classes:  In 
gold  it  is  $157,589,200,  which  corres- 
sponds  to  paper  issue  and  bonds  of 
the  treasury ;  in  notes,  which  corre- 
sponds to  diverse  obligations  of  the 
state  for  the  issue  of  bonds  for  irriga- 
tion, construction  of  schools,  payment 
of  mortgages,  homes  for  workingmen, 
etc.,  and  amounts  to  .$76,639,018  Chil- 
ean currency.  The  Chilean  dollar  is 
worth  18  pence  and  the  value  of  the 
paper  dollar  fluctuates  according  to 
the  exchange  on  London.  These  fluc- 
tuations arc  a  great  inconvenience  be- 
cause they  cause  confusion  and  specu- 
lation. Their  disappearance  would  be 
most  desirable.     There  are  some  proj- 


ects pending  with  the  executive  to 
stabilise  the  value  of  the  paper  dollar 
and  it  is  probable  that  a  definite  me- 
dium for  doing  this  would  be  the  cre- 
ation of  the  Central  Regulator  Bank 
(Kanco   Central   Regulador.) 

On  December  31,  1917,  the  bullion 
gold  reserve  deposited  in  London,  New 
York,  and  Santiago  amounted  to  $94,- 
144,558  gold.  In  the  first  months  of 
1918  these  funds  had  increased  to 
$109,560,946  because  England  returned 
£1,200,000  to  Chile,  an  amount  that 
had  been  advanced  to  English  ship- 
yards for  the  construction  of  the  su- 
per-dread naught  ' '  Admiral  Cochrane ' ' 
incorporated  with  the  English  fleet  to- 
gether with  the  "Admiral  Latorre," 
both  of  28,000  tons  each. 


Dutch  East  Indies 

(Continued  from  page  105) 


is  farsighted  enough  to  crawl  in  under 
the  sides  of  the  big  tent  now,  before 
the  crowd  pours  in  at  the  doors  and 
pays  high  for  reserved  seats. 

As  for  its  commercial  possibilities 
they've  hardly  been  scratched.  Don't 
forget  that!  It's  new  soil.  And  its 
waiting — waiting  for  America  to  wake 
up ;  waiting  for  us  to  stop  thinking 
about  every  other  part  of  the  habitable 
globe  just  long  enough  to  take  a  look 
at    the  facts. 

And  the  facts,  a  few  of  them,  are 
these : 

First,  the  Dutch  East  is  the  source 
of  certain  staples  absolutely  necessary 
to  us,  such  as  rubber,  quinine,  tea, 
coffee,  copra,  tin,  oils,  fibres,  spices 
and  the  like.  We  have  in  the  past 
got  these  from  the  Dutch  East  indi- 
rectly, through  European  middlemen. 
But  the  war  forced  a  direct  trade, 
which  must  now  continue. 

Second,  the  capacity  of  the  Dutch 
East  for  absorbing  American  manu- 
factured goods  is  like  unto  a  bottom- 
less pit  and  is  regularly  becoming 
more  so. 

Third,  the  Dutch  East  Indies  Colon- 
ial Government  is  reaching  out  for 
American  investors,  American  import- 
ers and  American  exporters  to  come 
in  and  take  hold  under  the  exceedingly 
liberal  terms  and  the  strong  protection 
which  it.  offers.  Moreover  exchange 
conditions  are  kept  at  par  by  their 
gold  reserve  in  this  country. 

That  means  the  development  of  the 
country  with  American  machinery, 
American  engineering  services  brought 
in  by  Ameriean  contractors,  and  a 
greater  and  greater  flood  of  Ameri- 
can manufactured  products  of  all 
kinds. 

There  isn't  a  clearer  call  in  the  air 
for   Ameriean  business  today. 


no 


Pan    Pacific 


Foreign  Credits 

(Continued  from  page  107) 


wiH  be  instituted  without  charge  in 
behalf  of  a  client.  When  time  is  an 
important  factor,  information  will  be 
secured  by  cable  at  the  customer's  ex- 
pense- 

Another  domestic  source  is  from 
American  manufacturers  supplying 
the  foreign  customer  with  merchan- 
dise, but  care  should  be  taken  not  to 
send  an  inquiry  to  a  competing  manu- 
facturer. 

If  the  exporter  is  unable  to  secure 
satisfactory  results  from  his  own 
banking  connections,  application  may 
be  made  direct  to  the  foreign  banks 
located  in  the  city  or  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  foreign  importer.  When  this 
method  is  followed,  willingness  to  pay 
the  bank's  charges  and  return  post- 
age, covered  by  international  coupon 
inclosed,  should  always  be  expressed. 

It  frequently  happens  that  the  for- 
eign importer  being  a  reasonable  busi- 
ness man,  includes  references  in  his 
correspondence.  When  using  these 
references,  a  statement  should  be  made 
to  the  effect  that  they  have  been  given 
as  references. 


A  successful  method  employed  by 
many  exporters  to  secure  these  refer- 
ences, is  to  send  the  names  of  pur- 
chasers of  their  products  in  the  for- 
eign and  domestic  markets  to  the  pros- 
pective buyer,  suggesting  that  in  order 
that  the  customer  may  become  assured 
of  their  ability  to  fill  the  order  and  of 
the  satisfaction  obtained  by  other 
buyers,  these  references  are  given  and 
that  similar  action  on  his  part  would 
be  greatly  appreciated. 

When  the  credit  investigation  is 
completed  the  American  exporter  im- 
mediately notices  the  difference  be- 
tween the  foreign  and  domestic  credit 
information,  since  he  is  accustomed  to 
receive  in  his  domestic  reports  not 
only  the  trade  and  bank  opinions  but 
in  addition,  a  financial  statement  and 
least  of  all,  an  estimate  of  the  net 
worth  of  the  company.  The  result  of 
his  foreign  investigation  will  show  an 
utter  lack  of  detail  and  merely  a  state- 
ment to  the  effect  that  the  prospec- 
tive customer  is  of  good  standing,  high 
morality,  good  family,  and  that  he  is 
doing   business  with  sufficient   capital. 

This  report  at  the  first  glance  would 
not  indicate  any  great  degree  of  finan- 
cial responsibility,  but  to  the  credit 
man  who  can  read  between  the  lines, 
considerable  information  has  been  con- 
veyed.   The  fact  that  the  subject  is  of 


good  family  increases  the  value  of  the 
credit  risk.  Family  honor,  especially 
in  Latin  American  countries,  is  valued 
more  than  money  and  in  case  of  fail- 
ure, the  resources  and  wealth  of  every 
member,  even  to  the  fourth  cousin, 
would  be  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the 
unfortunate  member  to  liquidate  his 
liabilities.  It  can  also  be  safely  as- 
sumed that  if  the  company  is  of  good 
standing,  payments  are  made  in  ac- 
cordance with  terms. 

In  Latin  America  and  many  other 
foreign  countries,  a  request  for  a 
statement  is  frequently  regarded  as  an 
insult  and  is  ignored-  This  feeling 
is  gradually  disappearing  due  to  the 
fact  that  many  American  importers 
and  exporters  are  having  their  finan- 
cial statements  placed  in  file  in  the 
foreign  branches  of  American  banks 
for  reference. 

While  the  balance  sheet  of  the  for- 
eign  buyer  is  not  always  accessible, 
the  exporter  after  giving  careful  con- 
sideration to  the  information  he  has 
secured,  can  safely  extend  credit  with- 
out undue  loss.  This  fact  is  substan- 
tiated by  the  experience  of  many  ex- 
porters whose  percentage  of  loss  for 
bad  accounts  resulting  from  foreign 
sales  is  less  than  that  from  their  dom- 
estic sales. 


An  Enterprising 
Trade  Concern 

ONE  of  the  enterprising  foreign  trade 
concerns  of  the  Pacific  Coast  is  the  In- 
ternational Trading  Company  of  America,  of 
which  Dr.  Robert  J.  James  is  president  and 
G.  W.  Nelson  is  secretary  and  treasurer.  The 
main  offiees  of  the  company  are  at  Seattle 
and  Manila,  P.  I.,  with  branches  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Chicago,  St.  Louis  and  New  York  and 
agencies  in  the  principal  Oriental  ports  and 
trade  centers. 

This  company  represents  some  of  the  larg- 
est manufacturing  concerns  in  the  United 
States  having  exclusive  sales  rights  on  their 
products  throughout  the  countries  in  which  it 


Secretary  Nelson  recently  steamed  for  the 
Orient  and  Par  East  to  more  closely  cement 
connections  with  leading  firms  overseas.  He 
will  visit  Yokohama,  Tokyo,  Osaka,  and 
Kobe  in  Japan;  Shanghai,  Hankow  and  Hong 
Kong  in  China;  Manila,  P.  I.;  Saigon,  Indo 
China;  Bankok,  Siam;  Singapore,  S.  S.;  Ba- 
tavia  and  Soerabaya  in  Java,  returning  via 
H'.ofiolulu.  He  will  be  gone  a'bout  eight 
months  and  while  overseas  will  close  several 
large  transactions  now  pending. 


Dr.  Robert  J.  James  G.  W.  Nelson 

operates.  It  is  in  excellent  position  to  mar- 
ket tropical  products  and  is  enabled  to  pur- 
chase such  commodities  as  steel,  bars,  sheets, 
plates,  etc.  at  minimum  price.  It  handles  a 
great  deal  of  oil  milling  machniery,  both  new 
:md  second-hand  as  well  as  other  manufac- 
turing machinery.  In  general  merchandise 
and  textiles  it  represents  Marshall  Field  & 
Co.  of  Chicago  who  manufacture,  control, 
convert  and  job  all  classes  of  merchandise 
in  their  line. 


Novel  Screw  Extractors 

A  novelty  in  tools  is  offered  in  both  do- 
mestic and  foreign  markets  by  the  Cleveland 
Twist  Drill  Co.  It  is  the  "Ezy-Out"  screw 
extractor,  a  specialty  that  finds  ready  sale 
in  practically  every  field  of  endeavor.  It  is 
equally  popular  in  machine  shop,  garage, 
shipbuilding  plant,  railroads  and  the  home. 
It  is  said  to  be  the  only  tool  designed  es- 
pecially  for   the   work   it   perforins. 


Far  East  Trade  Survey 

(Continued  from  page  H5) 

cities  completes  the  Java  distribution 
at  all,  for  there  are  scores  of  cities 
with  tremendous  Oriental  populations, 
and  there  are  the  important  centers  of 
Medan,  Sumatra,  with  1,000  Euro- 
peans, and  Padang,  on  the  west  coast, 
with  2,000  Europeans.  Also  there  is 
Makassar  in  Celebes,  which  should  not 
be  overlooked. 

Singapore,  Straits  Settlements,  and 
Federated  Malay  States  are  other 
names  which  have  recently  taken  their 
places  in  the  commercial  vocabulary 
of  America. 


Need  of  Ships 

For  Australia 

(Continued  from  page  93) 

oil  business  said.  'We  do  not  want  the 
coal.'  Australia  is  a  great  dairy  pro- 
duce country  and  there  is  no  reason 
why  you  should  not  import  large 
oauntities  of  canned  butter  into  this 
country. 

"Now  on  the  other  hand,  the  ship- 
ping conditions  out  of  Sau  Francisco 
could  stand  good  reasonable  develop- 
ment, and  if  you  could  get  more  mod- 
ern steamers  on  this  route,  a  good 
many  more  people  would  travel  this 
way  to  Europe. 

Exports  Exceed  Imports 
And  Exchange  Is  Upset 
"One  question  1  am  asked  about 
here  is  that  of  exchange.  'Why  can't 
you  fix  that  exchange?'  We  are  do- 
ing our  best  to  do  it,  but  people  who 
talk  in  this  way  overlook  the  fact 
that  exchange  is  a  commercial  com- 
modity just  the  same  as  canned  sal- 
mon or  lumber  and  when  a  man  has  a 
balance  on  the  credit  side  he  sells 
that  balance  where  he  can  get  the  most 
for  it.  We  sell  in  Great  Britain  and 
it   is  turned  over  there. 

"The  question  can  only  be  settled 
by  greater  production  and  less  im- 
ports from  the  United  States.  Wo  are 
now  exporting  far  more  than  we  im- 
port and  there  is  one  thing  that  you 
may  be  assured  of  and  that  is  that 
Australia  will  always  pay  its  way  and 


January    19  20 


111 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 

PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
field  colls,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 

ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRESSO." 

AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 

THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 

THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 

THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX.55   Defiance,   Ohio. 

AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
In  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 

THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  In 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  CO.,  620  South 
Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Growers,  ex- 
porters and  importers  of  all  kinds  of  seeds. 
Cable  address  "JONMUS." 

ARNOTT  &  COMPANY,  112  South  Los  An- 
geles St.,  Los  Angeles,  Califotnia.  Agricultural 
implements,  engines  and  wagons.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialty.  Catalogue  and  price  list  on 
application.     Cable   address    "ARNOTT." 

ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  Im- 
porters »"»d  exporters.  Import  chlnaware, 
crockery,  ..-namel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.     Export  steel,  iron, 


steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress "AMICO." 

CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General  Merchandise. 

EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 

BARHOLOMEW  VIOLA,  309  Broadway,  New 
York.  Consulting  and  exporting  engineer.  Full 
equipments  of  industrial  plants,  sugar  machin- 
ery, chemical  apparatus.  Wire  requirements  by 
cable  "Vimecons." 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address    "BEAVER." 

F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 

BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  Iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 

BROWN  PAPER  GOODS  COMPANY,  224 
West  Huron  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufac- 
turers and  exporters  of  paper  commodities  of 
all  descriptions.  Glasslne  bags,  parchment  bags. 
cand}'  bags,  grease  proof  bags.  Correspondence 
solicited   from   jobbers  and   exporters. 

CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.     All   languages. 

CENTRAL  MEDICAL  STORES,  (P.  G. 
Gomez  &  Co.,  Proprietors),  P.  O.  Box  249,  Co- 
lombo. Exporters  cinnamon  chips  and  oil, 
cltronel  oil,  copra,  etc.  Importers  drugs,  chemi- 
cals, groceries  and  wines.  Bankers:  National 
Bank   of   India,   Ltd.,   Colombo. 

CHUNG  MEI  TRADING  CORPORATION,  S 
11  Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai.  China,  U.  S.  Box  764. 
Importers  and  exporters.  Cable  address  "Chung- 
mei  Shanghai."     All  codes  used. 

CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 

CO-OP  AGENCY  COMPANY,  P.  O.  Box  265, 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Importers  of  textiles,  hard- 
ware, metals  and  sundries.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products.  Telegrams:  Coagency.  Code: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Marconi's  Int. 
and   Private. 

CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  542  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply   merchants.     Export   orders   a   specialty. 


Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 

L.  DINKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  In  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 

ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY,  332  So.  La  Salle 
St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufacturers  of  grain 
driers  for  removing  excess  moisture  from  wheat, 
coffee,  beans,  peanuts  and  etc.  Rotary  driers 
for  removing  excess  moisture  from  corn  meal, 
hominy,   feeds  and  chemicals. 

JOHN  C.  EPPERSON  COMPANY,  411  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Machinery  broker  and  manufacturers  agent, 
specializing  in  industrial  plants  and  can  supply 
complete  equipment  for  all  kinds  of  construction 
and  manufacturing. 

S.  MIGUEL  FERNANDO,  Colombo,  Ceylon. 
Importers  and  exporters  of.  wearing  apparel, 
household  and  fancy  goods.  Telegraphic  ad- 
dress, "FERMIG-COLOMBO,"  P.  O.  Box  No. 
96.     Codes  used:  A.  B.  C.  5th  Ed.  and  Private. 

AUTHOR  J.  FERNANDO  &  CO.,  Island  of 
Ceylon.     Exporters  of  all  Ceylon    products. 

GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Pine  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change 

F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 

HALBURN  &  COMPANY.  317  W.  Pico  Street, 
Los  Angeles.  Cal.  Sole  distributors  of  Hoern- 
er's  Adjustable  Valve  Seat  Facer. 

HALBURN  COMPANY.  317  W.  Pico  St.,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.  Distributors  of  the  Jensen 
Thermostat.  Automatically  supplies  proper 
amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen  to  make  per- 
fect combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  over- 
heating. Representation  desired  in  all  foreign 
countries. 

C.  M.  MOHAMED  HASSAN,  103  Main  Street, 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  of  all  Ceylon  prod- 
ucts. Importers  of  all  manufactured  articles. 
Cable   address:    "Marzook,"    Colombo. 


112 


Pan    Pacific* 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
All  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 

INDO-CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY,  P. 
O.  Box  82,  Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  all 
variety  Ceylon  products.  Importers  foreign 
manufactured  goods.  Cables:  "Oriental  Codes," 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  and  Private.  Bankers: 
Mercantile   Bank   of  India,    Ltd.,   Colombo. 

INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

A.  H.  ISMAIL,  19  Queen  Street,  Colombo, 
Ceylon.  Produce  exporters,  millers,  manufac- 
turers and  steamer  agents.  Telegrams:  "Va- 
thila."  Colombo.  "Vathila,"  Galle.  "Barakella," 
Calcutta.  Ismail,  Grand.  Calcutta.  Codes: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Western  Union, 
L'niv.    Edition,    Scott's   and   Private. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  Iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 

MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO.,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Manufacturers  of  the  Miller  carburetor. 
Representation  desired  in  all  foreign  countries. 
Literature  on  request. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KAY  BEE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 
312  West  35th  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manu- 
facturers of  spotlights  for  automobile  and  other 
purposes.  Representation  desired  in  foreign 
countries. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leatner 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LA  VAN,  A.  K.  COMPANY,  207  Hastings  St., 
W.  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada.  Exporters  and 
Importers,  Shipping  and  Commission,  Manufac- 
turers Agents.  Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds 
of  merchandise.  References:  Standard  Bank  of 
Canada,  Bank  of  Montreal  (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 
Branch).  Cable  address  "LA VAN,  VANCOUV- 
ER." Codes,  A.  B.  C,  Bentley's,  Western  Union. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  and  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress. "VINMAR." 

R.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY,  717  Market  St., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  in  San  Francisco. 

NATIONAL  AUTO  SALES  CORP.,  Marsh- 
Strong  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Dealers  In  re- 
newed, guaranteed  automobiles  of  the  better 
class.  Write  for  quotations,  descriptions,  etc. 
Correspondence  in  all  languages.  All  codes  used. 


MOCOMBO  TRADING  COMPANY,  13  Victoria 
Building,  Pettah,  Colombo.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products,  specializing  in  Cocoanut  oil.  Co- 
pra, Cinnamon,  Cocoa  and  Tea.  Telegraphic 
address:  "HOMERS,  COLOMBO."  Codes:  5th 
Edition,   Bentley's  and   Private. 

NITROLENE  OIL  COMPANY,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Exporters  of  Nltrolene  lubricating  oil, 
especially  blended  and  made  in  all  weights. 
Famished  in  steel  drums  from  15  to  50  gallon 
capacity. 

NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's Code. 

OCEAN  BROKERAGE  COMPANY,  Stuart 
Building;  Seattle,  Washington.  Custom  House 
brokers.  U.  S.  Bonded  storage.  Import  and 
Export  freight  forwarders,  fire  and  marine  in- 
surance. Weighing,  sampling,  reconditioning, 
distributing,   marking,   sampling. 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 

PARKER  &  WATERMAN,  1203  West  Wash- 
ington Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Manufac- 
turers of  Angelus  Tire  Covers  for  automobile 
tires   as  well  as  Auto   Comfy  Cushions. 

VICTOR  PATRON,  Oceanic  Bldg.,  2  Pine  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan, 
Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and 
export  representatives.  Prices  and  catalogues 
furnished   on  application. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 

PLANET  RUBBER  COMPANY,  125  E.  Ninth 
St..  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufacturers  of  the 
Planet  Sub-Tire.  Described  as  a  tire  within  a 
tire.  Strengthens  and  stiffens  the  tire  side 
walls.  Foreign  representation  desired.  Cor- 
respondence   in  all  languages. 

QUINBY'S  CALIFORNIA  CHOCOLATE 
SHOPS,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Chocolate  candies 
especially  prepared  and  packed  for  export.  All 
codes  used.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
Cable  address:  "QUINBY'S"  LOS  ANGELES, 
CALIF. 

H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export;  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 

ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 

ROTHWELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestufts,  iron,  steel 
and  machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 

SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  Importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shipcomco." 
All  codes  used. 

SAVAGE  TIRE  COMPANY,  San  Diego.  Calif. 
Manufacturers  and  exporters  of  automobile  tires 
and  tubes.  Measurement  both  by  millimeter  as 
well  as  inch  sizes.  Export  department  especially 
equipped  to  intelligently  meet  (he  demands  of 
foreign  merchants. 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle.  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle, 
Kobe  and  Tokio.     Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 


ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail-, 
way  supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbin 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  soiled 
Red. 

SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporter 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardwar 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 

C.    HENRY    SMITH,    311    California    St., 
Francisco,  California.     Export  and  import  mer 
chant.      Nitrates     a     specialty.      Shipping 
commission.     Steamship  agent  and  ship  owne 
All  codes.     Cable  address  CHENRYINC. 

HERBERT    W.    SMITH    BROKERAGE    COJ 
PANY,   209   Washington   St.,     Chicago,     Illnoli 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils, 
Write  for  quotations. 

J.  L.  N.  SMYTHE  COMPANY,  30  South  Sixt 
Street,  Philadelphia.  Penn.  Exporters  of  ever 
kind   of  paper.     Cable  or  write  your   needs. 

STANDARD      PRODUCTS      COMPANY,      26 
California   St.,    San    Francisco,    California.     Ex- 
porters  of   all    American     products — iron,     steel  i 
products,     galvanized     pipe,     paints,     varnishes,  | 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials   from   Asia,   camel's  | 
hair,    animal    hair,    bristles,    furs,    skins,    nuts, 
oils,  etc.     All  codes  used.     Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 

STEINBERG  &  SONS.     Head  office,  Tientsin,  1 
China.     Local  office,  260  California  Street,   San] 
Francisco,   Cal.     Manufacturers,    importers,   ex- 
porters.        Cable      address:       "STEINMORAN." 
Codes:    Bentley's,   A.   B.    C.    5th   Ed.,   as  well   as 
all   standard  codes. 

SWINGSPOUT  MEASURE  COMPANY,  404  N.  ' 
Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Manufacturers  of  oil  measures  for  garages,  au- 
tomobiles, gasoline  stations  and  etc.  Can  be 
used  for  all  liquids.  Agents  wanted  in  all  for- 
eign countries. 

THOMAS  &  COMPANY— Importers  and  Ex- 
porters. Importers  and  buyers  of  copra,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  peanut  oil,  soya  bean  oil,  China  wood 
oil,  whale  oil,  fish  oils  and  tallows.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "THOMAS"   Seattle. 

UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  AND  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Seattle,  Washington— Shipowners, 
ship  brokers,  importers  and  exporters.  Marine 
cargo  surveyors  and  appraisers.  World  wide 
charterers.  Agencies  in  all  principal  ports. 
Cable  address  "USATCO"  Seattle.  UNSHIP- 
STRAD  New   York. 

HARRY  M.  WATERMAN,  1311  S.  Figueroa 
Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Distributors  of 
folding  portable  gasoline  stoves.  Foreign  repre- 
sentation desired. 

WESTERN  COMMERCIAL  COMPANY.  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. — Brokers  between  Japan  and 
America.  Direct  representation  in  the  Orient. 
Buy  or  sell  goods  in  the  Orient.  Anything- 
any   amount.     Cable   address    "WECO." 

WHALEN  PULP  AND  PAPER  MILLS,  LTD., 
Merchants  Bank  Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C, 
Canada.  Exclusive  manufacturers  of  sulphite 
pulp.  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs.,  95%  to  100% 
air-dry. 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR."       . 

WESTERN  MACHINERY  COMPANY,  900 
North  Main  Street.  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufac- 
turers of  heavy  duty  oil  engines.  Built  in  sizes 
from  25  B.  H.  P.  per  working  cylinder  in  mul- 
tiples up  to  six  cylinders  and  operating  on  low 
gravity    fuel   oil. 

W.  Z.  ZEE  &  SONS,  A12299  Broadway,  Shang- 
hai. Contractors  to  Governments,  Municipali- 
ties and  Manufacturers  for  engineering  mater- 
ials, naval  and  marine  stores,  hardware  and 
metals.  Purchasing  agents  as  well  as  selling 
agents.  Established      1985.  Cable     address 

"ZUNGLEE"    SHANGHAI. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


an  u  a  r  J>     19  2  0 


113 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
bain  an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 

AUTOMOBILES 

\V.   R.   Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES   RENEWED 

National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 
A  l  "IMMOBILE    TIRES 

Halburn    Co. 

Planet   Rubber  Co. 

Savage  Tire   Co. 
AUTOMOBILE  ACCESS'  IRIES 

Parker  &  Waterman. 

Harry    A.    Miller   Manufacturing   C'>. 
HANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 
BATH-TUBS 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 
BLANKETS,  QUILTS.  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS.   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific   Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 
BOOTS 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman   Brothers  Company. 

Nolan-Earl   Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND  COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle   Far  East    Tradfng  Co. 
CAMERAS 

The   Ansco  Company. 
CAMPING    EQUIPMENT 

Harry   M.   Waterman. 
CANNED  GOODS 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

F.  E.   Booth  Company. 
Western  Canning  Co. 

CANS.   CAPS.   TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES.   STEEL  .... 

American   Steel   Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID.  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHEMICAL    APPARATUS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
CHEMICAL   PLANTS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
CI  UNAWARE 

B.   F.   Heastand. 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing   Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
<•(  iNFECTIONERY 

California  Chocolate  Shop 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES  * 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE   ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge    Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated   Mfrs.    Importing   dp, 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 
1  'EHYDRATORS 

Ellis  Dryer  Co. 
PRESS  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

K.   Griffin  &  Co..   Ltd. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,   Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 
FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific   Lnhricating   Company. 

O.   P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

VV.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 


FOOD  PRODUCTS 
Rothwell   &  Company. 
Sherman   Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 

F.  E.   Booth  Company. 

Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
V.  Griffin  &  Co.,    Ltd. 
C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co.     « 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 

GAS  ENGINES 

Arnott  &  Company. 

GLASSWARE 

B.  F.   Heastand. 

GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
HARDWARE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Q,   P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
INDUSTRIAL  PLANTS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY   APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W    R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Rolph.   Mills  &   Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

II.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland   Import   &   Mfg.    Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

D.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OILS 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Standard  Products  Company. 
Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,   Ltd. 
Xitrolene  Oil  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed   Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Brown  Paper  Goods  Co. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barrv  Co. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &   MATERIALS 

The   Ansco  Company. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pullev  Company 
RAILROAD   SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers, 


RAW  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 

RICE 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,   Ltd. 

ROOFING 
Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 

RUBBER  GOODS 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
R   Griffin  &   Co.,    Ltd. 

SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin   Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

G.  P.   Steinberg  &  Sons. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY* 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.   Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL   AND   STEEL   PRODUCTS 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
SUGAR  MACHINERY 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TANKS.  WATER.  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TEXTILE  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Associated   Mfrs.    Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 

TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
ITNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.    Dinkelspiel   Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board   Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 
WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The   Beaver  Board»  Companies. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WHEELS,   CASTERS,   Etc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 


116 


Pan    Pacific 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


OSAKA.    JAPAN — Japanese    firm   desires   to    be 
put    in   touch   with   importers     and     exporters 
desiring   to   establish    business    relations    witli 
I  hem  tor  the  sale  of  American  goods  in  Japan 
and  Japanese  goods  in  America.     Address  Box 
865  Pan  Pacific. 
WKLLINGTON,    NEW   ZEALAND— Established 
firm   desires    to   get   in   touch   with   manufac- 
turers   of    fancy    goods,    toys,    toilet    article*, 
stationers'   sundries,  and  other  goods  suitable 
for  the   tourist   trade.     Address   Box   866   Pan 
P  Hcific 
LONDON,    ENGLAND — Firm    desires     to     com- 
municate   with    California    packers    of    fruits 
and  vegetables  desirous  of  having  representa- 
tives   for    the    distribution    of    their    goods    in 
Europe  and  Australia.     Address  Box  867  Pan 
Pacific. 
SHANGHAI;  CHINA — British  firm  desires  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  importers  of  Chinese  prod- 
ucts, such  as  raw  silk,  silk  piece  goods,  hemp, 
hides,   bristles,   tobacco,  tea,  casings,  dry  and 
liquid  egg  products,  nuts,  seeds,  vegetable  oil, 
etc.,  and   exporters  of  metal,  glass,   typewrit- 
ers,  canned  goods,   wines,   dyestuffs,   tin,   iron 
and  steel  products,  glue,  paints,  woolen  goods, 
rubber  goods,  etc.     Address  Box  868  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 
LEIPZIG,   GERMANY — Party  would  like  to  get 
in  touch   with   firms  seeking  a  representative 
for  the  distribution  of  their  goods  in  Germany. 
Address  Box  869  Pan  Pacific. 
DUNDEE,    SCOTLAND — Firm  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  exporters  of  the  following  articles 
for  shipment  to  Russia:  dried  fruits,  cloth  (all 
kinds),    boots,   sole   leather,   kid   leather,   sew- 
ing' machines,    needles,    iron    and    steel    wire, 
iron    and    brass    screws,    nails,    paints,    alum- 
inum,   graphite    (moulders),    typewriters,    mo- 
tor  cars,    tractors,    ploughs.     Payment    terms, 
cash    against   shipping    documents.        Address 
Box  870  Pan  Pacific. 
MAZATLAX,  MEXICO — Party  desires  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  firms  handling  smoking  stands, 
smoking    sets,    ash    trays,    etc.     Address    Box 
S71    Pan  Pacific. 
NEW  YORK,  N.  Y. — New  York  firm  would  like 
to  get   in  communication  with   manufacturers 
who    are   desirous   of  having   their   goods   sold 
in   South   America.  New  Zealand  and  Europe, 
also  for  the  sale  of  goods  to  other  export  firms 
in  New  York  City  on  an  exclusive  agency  ar- 
rangement.    Address  Box  872  Pan  Pacific. 
HAVANA,     CUBA  —   Commission       merchants 
wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  a  reliable  con- 
cern handling   rice,   beans  and   peas,   desiring 
connections    in    Cuba.     Address    Box   873    Pan 
I  'acific. 
CAIRO.    EGYPT — Firm    in   Cairo    desires   to    be 
put    in    touch    with    importers    of    raw    hides, 
skins,     gum     arabic,     beeswax,    senna   leaves, 
mound  nuts,  sesame  seeds,  etc.,  and  exporters 
of  articles  suitable  for  their  market.     Address 
Box  874  Pan  Pacific. 
LISBON,   PORTUGAL — Firm   in   Lisbon   desires 
to  be  put  in  touch  with  exporters. of  kitchen- 
ware,  scissors,  metals,  such  as  sheet  tin,  sheet 
lead,    gold    and    silver,    tin,    tools,    sheet    iron, 
wire,    cables,    skins,    hides,    leather,    electrical 
articles    and     machinery,     household     articles, 
office    supplies,    fancy    goods,    chemical    prod- 
ucts, agricultural  products,   yarns  and   knitted 
g Is.  textiles,  etc.     Also  desires  to  communi- 
cate   with    importers    of    Portuguese    products. 
Address  Box  875  Pan  Pacific. 
KIOTO,    JAPAN — Japanese    firm    desires   to    es- 
tablish   business    relations    with    importers   of 
georgette  crepe,   crepe  de  chine,   silk   habutai, 
cotton    piece    goods    and    underwear.     Address 
Box  876   Pan  Pacific. 
SAX  PEDRO  DE  MACORIS.  DOM.  REP.— Firm 
desires  to  be   put  in   touch   with   exporters  of 
household     chinaware.     clocks     and     watches, 
novelties,    etc.     Address   Box    877    Pan    Pacific 
KOBE,  JAPAN — Japanese  firm  desires  to  be  put 
in    touch    with    importers   of   matches,    cotton 
waste,    canned    goods,    etc.     Address    Box    878, 
Pan    Pacific, 
i  iSAKA.    JAPAN — Japanese    firm    desires    to    be 
put    in    touch    with    exporters    of    old    rubber, 
such    as    bicycle     and     automobile     tires     and 
tubes,    old    petroleum    cans.     Address    Box    879 
Pan  Pacific. 
MEXICO,      D.     F..    MEXICO — Party    desires    to 
communicate    with    importers    and    exporters 
desiring    representation    in    Mexico.        Address 
Box  880  Pan  Pacific. 
RIO   DE  JANEIRO.   BRAZIL — Commission  mer- 
chant   wishes   to  be   put   in    touch   with   manu- 
facturers   desiring    a    representative    for    the 
sale  of  their  goods  in  Brazil.     Address  Box  881 
Pan  Pacific. 
SANTIAGO,      CUBA — Importer      and      exporter 
wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  San  Francisco 
firms    desiring    to    establish    commercial    rela- 
tions in  Cuba.     Address  Box  882  Pan  Pacific. 


COLOMBO,    <' NYLON—  Firm    wishes   to    be   put 
in   touch   with   importers   of  cocoa,   cinnamon, 
copra,    tea,    quills,    featherings,    cinnamon   oil, 
cocoanut  oil,  cardamons,   pepper,  etc.  Address 
Pox  xvi  pan  Pacific. 
PI.AYA    MAYAGUEZ,    PORTO    RICO— Commis- 
sion merchant  wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  witli 
exporters    of    Hour,    corn    meal,     rice,     refined 
lard,  packing  house  products,  beans  and  peas, 
soap,    wrapping   paper,    paper   bags,    nails   and 
wire    products,    canned   goods,    etc.       Address 
Box  884   Pan   Pacific. 
CLICHY.     SEINE,     FRANCE— Manufacturer    of 
perfumes,   face  powder,  hair  lotions  and  other 
toilet  articles,  desires  to  be  put  in  touch  with 
a    San    Francisco   firm    who   could  act   as  their 
agent    for   the    western    part     of     the     United 
Stales.     Address   Box  885  Pan  Pacific. 
MARSEILLES.      FRANCE— French    firm    would 
like  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  of  Califor- 
nia products,  especially  canned  goods  and  pre- 
serves.    Address  Box  886  Pan  Pacific. 
\\  KI.I.1NGTON,     NEW     ZEALAND— Party    de- 
sires to  be  put  in  touch  with  exporters  of  oak 
lumber.     Address  Box  887  Pan  Pacific. 
SAN     FRANCISCO— Gentleman     returning     De 
comber  10th  to  Auckland  wishes  to  represent 
American    firms    and    manufacturers    in     New 
Zealand.     Specifically    building    hardware    and 
machinery   in   general.     Address  Box  888     Pan 
Pacific. 
PKXANG,   S.   S. — Manufacturers  of  cocoanut  oil 
wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  interested  im- 
porters.      Desires    to    purchase    crude  petrol- 
eum   for  return  cargo.     Address   Box   889   Pan 
Pacific. 
PARIS,    FRANCE — Firm    wishes    to    be    put    in 
touch  with  exporters  of  dehydrated  fruit.  Ad- 
dress Box  890  Pan  Pacific. 
LONDON,    ENGLAND — Firm    wishes   to   be    put 
in  touch  with  exporters  and  manufacturers  of 
toys  of  all  kinds,   dolls,   leather,   such   as   box 
calf,    chevreau    and    patent    boots    and    shoes, 
cutlery,  optical  goods,  alarm  clocks,  etc.     Ad- 
dress Box  S91  Pan  Pacific. 
MAY    YORK,    U.    Y.— New  York    firm   with   for- 
eign connections  wishes  to  get  in  touch  with 
glowers    and    dealers    in    beans   and    peas,    for 
the   purpose  of  selling  their  output  on  a  com- 
mission  basis.     Address  Box   892   Pan   Pacific. 
SANTA    DOMINGO.    DOM.    REP.— Firm    wishes 
to  he  put  in  touch  with  manufacturers  desir- 
ing a  representative  for  the  sale  of  their  prod- 
ucts in  the  Dominican  Republic.     Address  Box 
898  Pan  Pacific. 
LEONE  BAY.   U.   S.   NAVAL   STATION,   PAGO 
PAGO,    SAMOA — Merchant    wishes    to    be    put 
in   touch   with   exporters  of  general   merchan- 
dise.    Would  like  to  receive  catalogues,  terms, 
etc.     Address   Box   894  Pan   Pacific. 
OSAKA,    JAPAN — Japanese    firm    wishes   to    be 
put    in    touch    with    importers    of   buttons    and 
brushes,   and   exporters  of  packing  house   by- 
products.    Address  Box  895  Pan  Pacific. 
BAKUANQUILLA,  COLOMBIA— Import  and  ex- 
port firm   desires  to  get  in  touch  with   expor- 
ters of  textiles  and   food  stuffs,  also  with   im- 
porters of  Colombian  products.     Address   Box 
897   Pan    Pacific. 
SAX     FRANCISCO — Young    man    leaving     San 
Francisco   to   reside  in  India  is  willing  to   ac- 
cept   commissions    for    local    business    men    or 
will    act    as   representative.     Address    Box    899 
Pan   Pacific. 
MANZANILLO.  CUBA— Large  importer  and  ex- 
porter  in    Cuba   desires    to   get    in    touch    witli 
firms   exporting  or   desirous  of   exporting  rice 
to    that    country.     Also    desires    to    make    con- 
nection   with    purchasers   of  sugar   for   export 
from    Cuba.        This     gentleman     also     accepts 
commissions  on   all   classes  of  merchandise  to 
lie  sold   in  Cuban  markets.     Is  engaged  in  ex- 
portation  of   woods,    palm-leaf,   tortoise   shell, 
sugar,  alcoholic  liquors,  etc.     Address  Box  900 
''an   Pacific. 
DUTCH     EAST    1 XI HES— Experienced    business 
man    with    first   class    reputation   and    a   thor- 
ough   education   in    engineering  and   commerce 
and    familiar    with    the    Holland,    French    and 
German    languages    and    habits    is    willing    to 
make   business   trip   to   the  Dutch  East  Indies 
or    Furope    for    American    firms.        References 
given.      Address   Box  901  Pan  Pacific. 
AUSTRALIA — Gentleman   leaving  for  Australia. 
New    Zealand,    China   and   Japan   shortly  after 
first   of  year  desires  to  get  in  touch  with  mer- 
chants desiring  representation  in  those  coun- 
LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.— Party  going  to  Germany 
desires    to    represent,    while   abroad,    exporting 
and   manufacturing  firms  wishing  to   establish 
business  relations  and  to  sell  foodstuffs,  cloth- 
ings,    raw     materials,    etc.,    in    that    country. 
Have    good     connections    and    am    thoroughly 
familiar  with  conditions  abroad     Please  write 
particulars   without    delay.      Address    Pan    Pa- 
cific Box   903. 


tries.     Address   Box   902    Pan   Pacific. 

ANTWERP.  BELGIUM— J.  Deghilage,  rue  sol- 
vyns,  93.  This  first  class  agency  solicits  offers 
or  representation  for  Belgium  and  North  of 
France,  of  exporters  of  food  products,  pre- 
serves,  coffee,  oilcakes,  seeds,  cereals,  fresh 
and  dried  fruits,  tobacco,  wax,  ivory,  rubber. 
hides,  The  agency  exports  all  products  of 
Belgian  manufacturers.     Address  as  above. 

VANCOUVER,  B.  C. — Merchant  wants  quota- 
tion on  No.  1  California  White  Pine  22  in.  wide 
by  1  in.  thick.  To  be  used  for  cutting  tables 
in  factory  and  must  be  good  grain,  clear  of 
knots  and  sap.     Address  Box  904  Pan  Pacific. 

DUNEDIN,  NEW  ZEALAND— Merchant  in 
Dunedin  desires  to  represent  American  ex- 
porters or  would  like  exclusive  agency  in  New 
Zealand  and  possibly  Australia  for  large 
American  exporter  of  staple  commodities. 
Experience  includes  three  and  a  half  years  in 
Orient,  year  in  Africa  and  nine  years  in  Aus- 
tralia and  New  Zealand  as  a  merchant.  Ad- 
ditional information  on  file  in  this  office.  Ad- 
dress  Box  905   Pan  Pacific. 

TAHITI — Trader  in  market  for  marine  engines 
to  affix  astern  of  boats;  1st  boat  of  3  ton  ca- 
pacity, draught  2  feet;  2nd  boat  of  7  ton  ca- 
pacity, draught  3  feet.  Speed  of  5  miles  per 
hour  is  ample.  Considerable  future  business 
to  be  obtained  from  results  if  satisfactory 
from  original  order.  Address  Box  906  Pan 
Pacific. 

^llltHllllinilHIIllllllllUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIlllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllllintlillll^ 

NEGOMBO  TRADING  COMPANY 

COLOMBO  &  NEGOMBO 

13  VICTORIA  BUILDING 

PETTAH,   COLOMBO 

Exporters  of  Ceylon  Produce 

|    Specialties:  Cocoanut  Oil,  Copra,  Cinna-    e 

mon,  Cocoa  and  Tea 

Correspondence  solicited 

Telegraphic   Address: 

"SOMERS,   COLOMBO" 

Codes: 

A  B.C.  5th  Ed.,  Bentley's  and  Private 

^IIIMIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIItlllltllll!llllllllllllllllllllltlllllllltllUIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItlllllllllllll3 
dJIHIIIIimilllllMIIMIIIIIIIMHIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIItllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMllllllllllllllllltllllt'^ 

W.M.H.M.RAWOOF  | 

Keyzer  Street 
COLOMBO 

|     Cable    Address:      "FOOWAR-COC.OMBO"     \ 

1  Codes   Used: 

A.  B.  C.  5th   Edition  and   Bentley's 

Exporters    of   All    Ceylon    Produce 

and 

Importers  of  all    Manufactured   Articles 

1     Enquiries    solicited    from     reliable    Manu- 
facturers,    Importers    and     Exporters    de-     f 
siring   connections   in   Ceylon. 

References: 
Any    Exchange    Bank    in    Colombo 

f;illllllllllll(llllllllllltlllll!lllllllinillllllltlllllllliilllllilldlllil!lllltllllllllllllltllllllltUI,lllll!lir 
zliiiimiiiiiiiliiiiiliiniimimiimiiuiiiminiiiiilmiimiHiiiiiniiiiiiirmmi'iimiiiimmiiim!^ 

Importers  of 

Lamps  and  Sewing  Machines 

P.   F.   GOONESEKERA   &   CO. 
11,  Keyzer  Street        Colombo  (Ceylon) 

lilllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllHiimillllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHlllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIF 

*dH!iHIIII!lllll[lllllilllllllllillltlllllllllllll>illlMIII!ll!i;illtllll!lillllllM<1ltllltilll[llllilllH!<]|lll'j: 
E  —       * 

W.  Fernando  &  Co.,  Colombo 

=   ,  Exporters    of    Ceylon    Produce 

Desiccating   and    Fibre    Millers 

Agencies   in    Principal   Cities 

Additional    Connections    Desired 

Cables     "ROLAND,"     Colombo 

Codes:   A.   B.  C.  5th   Ed.  and   Bentley's 

-".iiiiiiimiiiiimiirmimiimiiinmmiMliini 


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=  = 


A.  A.  M.  SALEEM 


SHIP  CHANDLER,  IMPORT  AND  EXPORT  MERCHANT 

IMPORTER  of  Estate  Tools,  Building  Materials,  Mining  Implements,  Explosives  and  all  kinds  of  General  Hardware. 
EXPORTER  of  Ceylon  Produce,  viz.,  Tea,  Coffee,  Cocoa,  Rubber,  Plumbago,  Copra,  Cocoanut  Oil,  etc. 

No.   14  THIRD  CROSS  STREET,  COLOMBO,  CEYLON 

1       Telegrams:   Giant-Colombo  All   Standard  Codes  Used  Telephones:   596,  1079 

\ iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiintiiiNiiiiimiitiiititiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.iiiiiiiiiiMHi'iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHimii iiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiii'iiiiiiiiHiiiiiMiiiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiMimitmimmiiiimiiiitiMiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniH 


January)     19  2  0 


117 


■imiiim "in MiiiMiilMllllliiil iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Ill iiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiilliillilMIMIIlllllllliillMilllllllliillii>£ 

|  F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO.,  Limited 


SHIP 
BROKERS 

London.  England 
Vancouver,  B.  C. 


IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 

SAN    FRANCISCO 


STEAMSHIP 
AGENTS 


New  York 

Seattle,  Wash. 


Portland.  Ore. 
Rotterdam.  Holland 


^iiiiiniiiiHiiniiiiMiniiiiiiiiHiiuiiiHiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiillllililliiiniillilluililliiiniiuiiliniiniiiniiuiiiiniiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiillllilMiliihlliir. 

[GENERAL    PAPER    CO. 

525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address:     "EMCO,' 
Bank 
References:  DA   DTD 

Bank   of   Italy  rMT    EL  IX 

San     Francisco 


All   Codes 

Paper 

Mill 

Representatives 


-iiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiim mill uiiiiiiiihi imiiiiiimimiiiiiimiimi i miiimiimiiiiimiimiiiniiiiiiiimimimiin.. 


BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,  Portland,  Los  Angeles 

Dealers   In   News,    Book,  Writing,  Coated,   Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,    Label   and   Wrapping   Papers 

TiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiMiiniiiitiiiniiiiiiifiiiitiiiitiiifiiiiniiniiuiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiuiiitiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiniiiiMiu^ 


^tiiiiLiiiJiiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiriliitiiiiict^itiiiiriiiitiiittJiiiiiiitijifiiiitiiiriiiifiiiiiiiitiiitriijriijiiiiiiiirfiiiriisirifiiiiiitiiiifiijiiiiiiiiifiiiiiiiiiirijiiiiJiriiiriij'tlairliiriiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiriMiriiiiiiiitojii'  iiitiiiiiMiriiiiiiitiiijiiiiiiiiiiEiiitiiijtllirillillllilliiiiiJiiitjrillflirjflilfiliiiiiifriljriliiipnrilliriliftiiniiii^ 


Branches   at 
CALCUTTA 


3/  MANGOE  LANE 

17  CHOWRINGHEE  ROAD 

20  CHOWRINGHEE  ROAD 

GRAND  HOTEL 


AT  CEYLON 


DANGEDERA  ROAD 
GALLE 


Established    1863 


A.  H.  ISMAIL 

PRODUCE  EXPORTERS,  IMPORTERS,  MILLERS, 
MANUFACTURERS  and  STEAMER  AGENTS 

Head  Office: 
19  QUEEN  STREET,  COLOMBO,  CEYLON 


TELEGRAMS: 
"Vathlla,"   Colombo 
"Vathlla,"  Galle 
"Barakalla,"  Calcutta 
Ismail,   Grand,   Calcutta 


CODES: 
Bentleys,     A.  B.  C.     5th 
Western    Union,     Univ. 
Scotts  and    Private. 


Ed., 
Ed., 


niinMimiiniiiiniimiimMlNHlMlninniimiimimiiiiiiliiiiliMmillliiniMiiiiuiiimiuiiiiiMiimiiiM 
^imimiimnmiiimimiimiiHiiiiiiimiimimiimiifimimmimiimiuiimiiimmiiimimiimimiimimiiniiiiimiimm 


Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 

KOBE 
VLADIVOSTOK 

TSING  TAU 
|         SHANGHAI 

SAIGON 
=         COLOMBO 
|         SINGAPORE 

SOERABAYA 
§         MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS*  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable   Address:    "INTRACO"     ! 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.    B.    C.    5th   Edition 


Import    Products  of  all 

Countries   where    we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:     SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

^ri^>Ki niiriiiifiin  Jim  jiiuiiritMiniiriMuiMiniiaiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiinMttiiiuiiTniitnHEtinriiu riuint  MiiHiiiniiiiii  inn  niiiiuuiMnMuiiiiiif  nn  j  mimi  iiipiih  tiunn » iiiitiiiitjiititii  tiiiti  JiiiitiJiifiiiiiniti  iiiiriiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiittiif  tnrjiiitiiifiiiitiiiiiJiiiiriiiiitJiiitiiitiiiitiirtiiirtiiif  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitii? 


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AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 
-  ENGINES  -WAGONS  - 


EXPORT  ORDERS 
A  SPECIALTY 

Immediate  Deliveries 

Prompt  Shipments 

From 


/^~\      4  Los  Angeles  or  San  Francisco 

L  250  Page  Catalogue  and  Price 

List  on  Application 
Cable  Address  "  Arnott"  Los  Angeles 
Code  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 


ARNOTT  £  CO. 

-LARGEST  STOCK  IN  SOUTHWEST  - 

IIZ  118  50.LOS  ANGELES  5T  LOS  ANGELES 


£.l|||ltllllllltllllllllllllli!IIHIIIIIII!IIUIIiHIIIMIIIIIII!IIIIIIIIMI1tllltllinilHIIIIIIIIIMIHIIHIIIU!lli'. 

!   THE  INDO- CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY  j 

Post    Box  82 
COLOMBO   (Ceylon) 
=     Export — All  kinds  of  Ceylon  Produce. 
=     Import — Foreign  manufactured  goods. 
=     Cables— "Oriental"      Codes.      A.B.C.      5th    5 

Edn.  and  Private. 
s     Bankers — The   Mercantile   Bank   of  India,     § 

Ltd.,  Colombo. 
-iiiiiiimiiiiiiiminiiiiiimiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiMiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiimimmniiiumiiiimiimiimimiiii; 

^IIIIMIUMIIMIIIIinilltlllllllllllltllllMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIilMIIMIIIIIIllMIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIMIIt^ 

"THE  CENTRAL  MEDICAL  STORES" 

(P.  G.  Gomez  &.  Co.,  Proprietors) 

P.  O.  Box,  No.  249,  COLOMBO 

E     Exporters — Cinnamon  Chips  and  Oil,   Cit-     e 

ronel  Oil,   Copra,   etc. 
|     Importers — Drugs,       Chemicals,     Grocery,     e 
Wines,  etc. 

Foreign   trade  development  desired. 
Bankers — National    Bank    of   India,    Ltd.,     § 
Colombo. 

cilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIinillMIIMIIIIIlH 

I'liiiiiimimiiiiitiiimimiiii i! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1  ri  1 1 1 1  m  i  >  1 1 1  ri  i  ii  t  m  1 1  r  1 1  n  1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 1 1 1  i^i 

j  Arthur  J.  Fernando  &  Co.  j 

COLOMBO 

Exporters  of  all  Ceylon  Produce        | 


amiiiiiiiiiiiini ■  1 1  n  u  1 1 1 1  i  r  1 1  in  i  ii  t  i  m  ■  r  ii  ii  1 1  ii  j  i  ii  1 1  ii  i  ii  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1  j  1 1  ii  t  >  ii  1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1  ■<  i  f  m  i  > i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiiiniiiiimmumiimi uiniff.        .mmmimMmiiiniiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimimiiiimimiiiiiimiim;?. 

-l<  1 1 1 1 1  r '  1 1 1 1 , 1 1 1  r  r :  m  m  i :  i  r  1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 )  ■  1 1 1 1  j  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1  s  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  <  t iiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiii i :  i  m  r  1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1  m  j  1 1 1 1 1 1  r 1 1 1 1  <  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  u  1 1  r  t  m  r  ri  1 1 1  [  1 1 1  r  <  1 1 1  r  'i  1 1 1 1  <  1 1 1  t  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  u  1 1 1 1  m  i  r  >  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  ■  •  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  f  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ■  1 1  r  1 1 1  r  1 1  ■  1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 )  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ti  1 1  r  1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1  >  >  1 1  r  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  •  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  r )  f^ 

THE  CHUNG  MEI  TRADING  CORPORATION 


IMPORT 


EXPORT 


President.  MR.  C.  C.  NIKH 


All  Codes  Used 
j    Cable:  "Chungmei  Shanghai" 

3UIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII11IIIUIIII 


Address:  S  11  Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai,  China 

U.  S.  Box  764 

lilimmmiillllllillllliillliiimimiiimiiiiHlllilimilmMiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimmiiiiiim ii minimum m mim mm i n iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i mum?. 


118 


Pan  Pacific 


giiiiiimiiiiiiiMiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiii imiimiiimii iiiiiiiniiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiniii n limiiniiiiillMlililliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiu iiiiiiHiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiuj 

|        LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF 


560  South  Main  Street 


Bishop  &  Bahler  Co. 


Bookings  through  all  United 

States  Ports  to  all  parts 

of  the  World 


ocean-Iervicerail 


127  Montgomery  Street 


MARINE  INSURANCE 
SHIPPING  ADVICE 


'ilUII!lllillllllli:illillli!|li:ill.:ii::ii;.ili.ill  :ii::ill.:ii:ili,!lh.,n  'Iimi    ii:  :;i.  M,    I:    :i,  :i.  :IIMI!    Urn,  Hi    Ih.ili  : IIIIIIIIl  Mil  III!  I  Mil  III!  lllillllllllllllllIllillllilllilillllllllllltllltJIIIlllllUlllllltlllllilltillllUllltlllllllllllllllllllttllltlltllllttllltllllllllltlllllllillllltlllttlllttlllltllllllllllllllllllKlllltllllir 

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Cable  Address 
MARZOOK" 
COLOMBO 

I 


C.  M.  Mohamed  Hassan 


P.  0.  BOX 

278 


103  MAIN  STREET 


EXPORT— All  Ceylon  Produce  COLOMBO  IMPORT— All  Manufactured  Articles 

Correspondence  Solicited  First  Class  Reference  Given 

^II1IIIIIIII!MIIIMIIMIIIMIIMIIMI!I!IIIMIIIIII!MIIMIIIMIIMIIMIIIMI]M1IMIIIMIIMIIMIIIMIIMIIIMIIMI!IIIMIIMIMMIIIIIIIMIIIIH^ 


^imiiiiiiminiiiiimiiHiiiiiminiiiimimmiiiimmmmimiiiinmminmimiimminiiimimiinn 


Contractors  to  Governments 
Municipalities,  Manufacturers,  Etc. 

Hardware,  Metals  and  Sundries 
Suppliers  of  Engineering,  Naval  and 

Marine  Stores 

Representatives  of  Manufacturers 

Purchasing,  Selling  and  Commission 

Agents 


W.  Z.  Zee  &  Sons 

(ZUNG  LEE  &  SONS,  ESTABLISHED  189S) 

A1299  Broadway,  Shanghai 


Telephones: 
N.  1468  and  N.  196 

Cable  Address: 
"ZUNGLEE"  SHANGHAI 


ailMIIIMIIIMIIMMIMIIIMIIMMIiniMMIMIIMIIIMIIMMIMIIMIIIMIIMMMIIIMMIMIIMIIUIIIIMIIMIIMMIMIIMMIMIIIMIIMI 1 1  III!  I  III  M 1 1 1 1 1 II  LI  1 1 1 M  111  II I J  M 1 1  III  1 1 II 1 IMI1M II  III  U II 1 1  III  I  MM  I  till  I  III  t  Mil  1 1  111!  II 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 J I II 1 1 1  111 IIIIIMIIMIIIIMIIMIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIMII 1  irilllllll  Mill  I  nil  lllll  Mill  IIIIH I IH 1 1 Ill 

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G.  P.  STEINBERG  &  SONS 

MANUFACTURERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

HEAD  OFFICE:  TIENTSIN.  CHINA 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:  2  RECTOR  STREET 

SAN  FRANCISCO  OFFICE 

260  CALIFORNIA  STREET 

HARBIN  OFFICE:  38-84  BOLSHOI  PROSPECT 

DAIREN  OFFICE:  23  NICHIDORI 


!A1I  Standard  Codes 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 
Bentley's 

Cable  Address 

Steinmoran 

Agencies 

Vladivostock 

Manchuria 

Hailar 


^IIIIIIIIMIUMIIMIimillMIIIMIJIIMIIIIIJIMIIMIIIMIIIMIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIMIIMIIllMIIMIIIMHIMIIMIIIMIIIIimilllMIIIMIH 
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■= 


=      CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI 


EDWARD   P.    BARRY 


Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 

San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 

Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast 

Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books 

Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


jiiiinniiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiniiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiii mimiinii 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 iitiiiiiiiiiimiinii miiimiiimiiiimii imiiimii nniinii imiimmimii  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiraiiiiiiimiiiiiTiiiiiiiiiiiiiuilUiiiiluiiiiuiiillllllUUlllllllllluuiit 


January     19  20 


119 


jiniiiiniiiiniiiiniiiiiliniiiiniiiiiiiitllimiiimT 


nrniii nwiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiittiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiiimiminimiiiiiiiiiti run  i  itm  iiitiMiirm  niitmi  rrniitrttiiii  i  iniriiii  im  i  mi  mil  i  iiinnii  miTiiMirin  miTmi  rim  turn 


CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pies. 


GEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Secretary 


J.  E.  PETERS.  Vice-Pres. 

SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 

The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  f  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery.      1 

5 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other      | 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEKD  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 


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|  MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  | 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


MATSON  NAVIGATION    CO. 


J    OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO    | 

i 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


1     120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET 


^lllliniMIIIIUIIIUIIIIllllHlllllllllllliHIItlllllllltllllllllHIIIIIIIIItlllUlllllllltllllMIIIIMIIIIllllHlllllllltlinilllllllllllUIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIilllllllllllllllMHIirr.  ^IIIHIIIIIIIllll][linilllUII]IIIUIIIIIIinilinillllllllllHIIIII!lllinil!|[|lll!llll!lillltlllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!UIIIUIIHIIIItllllMllllllllllllllltllllllllltl7 

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Rolph,  Mills  &  Company  I 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 

E  a 

Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
SEATTLE  PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 

| mum inti  in  mi  ii i iimiiimimini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiniiiiiilii iiiiimiiiimimiiinimmi tniin;ni!miininninnini!niiiniininniniiiinniniiiiiinimi!iiiimHmH!nimiiii!iiniiniiiniiniin miiimmiimiinnniiiniimiiimtiniiiimnmnn 

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E     Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
|     Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley's.  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith    I 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


'Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 

E  a 

| i Ilml i minim iimiiinnininniniuinnninninniiiniininnilinnninnnniniiHinu iiimiiiiiiinimnmnmiiiiiMii miiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim uiiiiiininninnmiimiiiniiinininnni iniiiiinmninniin imiiimimiiimil 

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P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


485   California   Street 

San  Francisco 
TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


IIUIIIIIHIIIIUIIIII ltIMIIU1!lllllllltillM!!IIIIII11IIIII<ll!lllUIIIIIlIl]!!lUIIlllIllllll!IIIIIlIllllMllllll]Illi;illiIIII!llll>!lllMIIIIMII!ll(ll!ll|IJIIMlilll 1 1 1 1 II 1 1  111  1 1 II I  III  II 1111 IIII1IU  IllUlllllllllllinilll  1 1  111  I IIIJ  M  !i  I IIHII IIII  Hill  11J I  111!  II 1 1111111111111111111111111 I N 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  l"S 


120  Pan  Pacific 

^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiuiiiniii  MiiiiiittnnMiiiiiit iiiiinitiiitniti iiiniiimin rTinniiijiitniiniirTTTmiiiniiiiiiririiiiiiiiiiitMiii  FiimiiiFiiii  iiiikmiii  nitmii  iiiiiiu i  mi  tumiiiuiii  iiiiiimiijiiufii  i iiiututiimu iiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiimimiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiii 


TRAFFIC  MANAGERS 


EXPORT 


C.  I.  F.  QUOTATIONS 


SHIP  BROKERS 


WESTERN  TRAFFIC  SERVICE 


Marsh-Strong  Bldg. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address  "WESTRAF" 

Codes 

A.  B.  C.  Sth  Improved— Western  Union 


FREIGHT  FORWARDERS 

IMPORT 

DOCUMENTATION 


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f  AIDS  TO  rOREIGN  TRADE 

Foreign  Lists.  Translating,  Catalogues,  Trade  Marks,  Advertising  Data 
Trade  Reports  Covering  MEXICO.  CENTRAL  and  SOUTH  AMERICA 
LATIN-AMERICAN  ADVERTISING  CO 
I     1120  Van  Nuys  Building  Los  Angeles,  Cal.      | 

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|    VICTOR  PATRON    | 

I  IMPORT  I 

EXPORT 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 

CABLE:  'PATRON"  1 

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I         C.  HENRY  SMITH         | 

MAIN  OFFICE:  1 

|   311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.    | 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND    IMPORT 


^TiiiriirrrfiifiiiitiiiiiiiifiiiJiiiifiiiiitiiriiiiiiiJiiiJictiircijriiifriiiiiiiiriiiittiiiriiiitiiiriiiitiiiiiiiiiiiffiiijriiiifiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiij  in Jtiiiittiiiiiiiirjiiitiiitcii^ 

[GLASSWARE!,! 

(FOR  TABLE   AND   SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 
DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 
(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    | 
|     catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language) 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.   Knowles   China  Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 

|    618  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A.    j 

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KAAS-HOPKINS.CO. 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 
Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

PROTECTIVE     PAPERS— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine, 

(Parchmyn),  Parcnircoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS— Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain 

or  Decorated;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— White,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
GLAZED    PAPERS    for    Boxmakers,    etc.        White,    Colors, 

Embossed,  Novelties. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC   COVER   PAPERS   and   Mount   Board. 
WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers, 
We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  am!  Quo- 
tations Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 


All    Codes.     Code   Address:  CHENRYINC 


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References: 
Metropolitan   Bank 
=     Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

IIBNCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4 

W.  U.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 

205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

Freight    Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS,    LA.  Correspondence  Solicited      | 

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I    WHOLESALE 


SEEDS 


RETAIL    I 


GROWERS  AND  EXPORTERS 


Send  For  Our  Catalog 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  COMPANY 

I    LOS  ANGELES  CALIFORNIA 

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Herbert   W.  Smith   Brokerage  Co. 

IMPORT         EXPORT         DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  for  Quotations 

209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.    j 

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PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 
|     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     j 

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.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 


CO,  332  Pi 
UK..  Hanover  Square 


Importers  Exporters 

Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


*»•  Orleans 


AGENCIES: 

Peru  t'osta   Rica 

Guatemala  Nicaragua 

Salvador  Chile 


I'anama 
Ecuador 
Bolivia 


General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

JHrect  Bi-Mr.  i  rvice  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Pot 

■teral  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
lanticandl  «o  Transshipment. 

His 

MERCHANTS  LINE, 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

>perating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 

GHACE  CHINA  COMI* 


>RTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Mat  hint 

—Also 
Nitrate — Direct   shipments   from   Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinati 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


VIPORTS  CARRIED 
I)  SEATTLE 


E  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverp' 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC 


"Sunshine  Belt*    to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 

Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippine* 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


111     CJUU11I 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  an< 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  SAN  JUAN 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Foil  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

8AN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


FEBRUARY,  1920 


Price  25  Cents 


SURVEY  OF  PAN  PACIFIC  MARKETS 


Big  Convention  Opens  New  Pacific  Era 
Germany's  Position  in  World's  Markets 
Must  Win  Confidence  to  Gain  Trade 

t 


Edwin  T.  George,  L.  D,.  Snyder,  C.  L.  Chandler,  Dr.  Charles  H.  Raymond 
Dr.  W.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  Paul  T.  Carrington,  Charles  H.  Noxon,  Jr. 


A  MAGAZINE/  INTERNATIONAL   COMME 


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CALIFORNIA 

PURE  FRUIT  PRODUCTS 

JAMS,  PRESERVES,  OLIVES 
ORANGE  MARMALADE  and  HONEY 


:  DD 
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an 


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Peach 

Pear 

Plum 

Grape 

Quince 

Fig 

Apricot 

Strawberry 

Raspberry 

Blackberry 

Loganberry 

Orange  Jelly 

Orange  Marmalade 

Grape-Fruit 

Marmalade 


Honey 

Olives  (4  sizes) 
Walnuts 
Dried  Figs 


Our  Goods  Are 

Packed  in 

Glass  and 

Sanitary  Enamel 

Lined  Tins 

in  Wooden  Cases 

Properly  Strapped 

for  Export 

Shipment 


(Exact  Size  of  Our  No.  2  Tin) 


WE  ARE  OPEN  FOR  CONNECTIONS 

Cable  "BRADENS"  Pasadena,  Cal. 

Br aden  Preserving  Co.,  inc. 

PASADENA,  CALIFORNIA 
U.  S.  A. 


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=  2 

Java-China-Japan  Lijn    | 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 
BETWEEN 

San  Francisco  1 

AND 

Netherlands  East  Indies    1 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  ^^  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS.  CO. 

General  Agents 

2  Pine  Street,  San   Francisco 

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122 


Pan     Pacific 


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MACHINERY 


We  are  in  position  to  furnish  you  at  lowest  prices  consistent  with  quality  and  give  Engineering  service  and 
information  on  any  of  the  following  equipment: 


Air  Compressors 

Rock  Crushers 

Screening  &  Gravel  Plants 

Pumping  Plants 

Gas  Oil  &  Steam  Engines 

Pulverizing  Machinery 

Fertilizer  Plants 

Hoisting  Engines 

Conveying   Equipment 


Tramways 

Wood  and  Steel  Tanks 

Cement  Mill  Equipment 

Locomotives 

(Gas  and  Steam) 

Full  Diesel  Oil  Engines 

(Stationary  and  Marine) 

Electric  Motors 
Electric  Generators 


rollinsTWebb 

INCORPORATED 
MACH I N  ERY 


447-449  East  3rd  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


229  Rialto  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


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February  1920  ,23 

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1    MANUFACTURERS  and  WHOLESALE  DEALERS 
I  of  GOOD  SHOES  ONLY;  Since  1885 

WE  CARRY  IN  STOCK  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 
ALL  STYLES  AND  GRADES  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— BOYS— CHILDRENS— INFANTS 
SLIPPERS,  LOW  SHOES  and  BOOTS 


SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  YOU  CHARGES  PREPAID 

Nolan  Earl  Shoe  Co.  s.2n5  tZSXSu  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address 
Nesco,  Bentleys  Code 

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Regulation  U.  S.  Army  Shoe 

In  Black,  Brown,  White  Elk  Leathers 

All  Sizes  and  Widths  in  Stock 


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Parent  Company 
1     Established  1857 


Resources  Over 

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I    Associated  Manufacturers    | 
I  Importing  Co. 

E  E 

Manufacturers '  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Enainelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

Cable  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 

All  Codes 

I   871   Market    Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,   U.    S.   A.   I 

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REAL  LEATHER 

is  the  only  kind  of  leather  ever  sold 
under  the  brand  of 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 
Sole  Leather 

"The  Bear  Brand" 

Exporters  appreciate  this  and  our 

business  in  this  direction  is 

growing  rapidly 

IMtffl^SafesCa 


TANNERS 


New  York         San  Francisco         Chicago 

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'World-Wide 
Charterers' 


Agencies  In  All 
Principal  Ports 


Ittttwraal  pipping  $c  drafting  (Ea 

SHIPOWNERS,  SHIP  BROKERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

MARINE  CARGO  SURVEYORS  AND  APPRAISERS 

HEAD  OFFICE:  ALASKA  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 
Branch  Office:  149  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 


IMPORTS 

Copra,  Vegetable  Oils,  Rice,  Peanuts 
Australian  Skins,  Gums,  Rubber 
Menthol,  Camphor,  Etc. 


|        EXPORTS 

Canned  Salmon,  Dyes,  Steel  and  Steel 

Products,  Paints,  Ducks  and  Sail  Cloth.  Cable  Addresses:  "Usatco"  Seattle.    "Unshipstrad"  New  York 

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124 


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■MMMHMHMMHMIj 


L.  Dinkelspiel  Company! 

INCORPORATED 

■ 

115-135  Battery  Street 
SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

WHOLESALE  DEALERS 


DRY  GOODS 


FURNISHING 
GOODS 


NOTIONS  and 
FANCY  GOODS 


Cotton    Piece    Goods   —  Linens  —    | 

Towels  —  Napkins 

Dress    Goods  —  Cotton    and    Wool    I 

Silks  —  Sheetings  —  Bleached  and    I 

Unbleached  Muslin 

Flannels   and   Flannelettes  —  Ticks    I 

—  Prints,  Etc. 


Men's,  Ladies',  and  Children's  § 
Hosiery  —  Underwear  —  Shirts  —  f 
Sweaters 

Ribbons  —  Laces  —  Embroideries  —    | 
Threads  —  Notions  of  all 
Descriptions 


BLANKETS  —  COMFORTABLES  —  QUILTS 

I 

Complete  stocks  carried  Correspondence  all  languages    | 

I 

Cable  Address:  "LIPSEKNID" 

| 

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Planting  the 
Flag  of  the 
Admiral  Line 
in  the  Orient 


Pan     Pacific 

siiiniiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiniiiuiiiniMiiiiniiiii'iiniiiiiiii[iMHiiiii!iii!)iiMiiiiiii'!iiiiiinM!rmmiiitrniiniiiiiinitiinii|[|iiiiiininnii!iiii!Hiiii!iii(iiiiHiii(i 

BOOTHS 

CRESCENT 

RAND 


=  E 


Sardines 

F.  E.  Booth  Co. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 

Importers 

AND 

Exporters 


Crescent  Brand  Food  Products 


Head  Office: 

110  Market  Street 

SAN   FRANCISCO,    CAL. 

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Whalen  Pulp  &  Paper  Mills,  Limited 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Exclusive  Manufacturers  of  the  following  well-known 
brands  of  Sulphite  Pulp 

I  SNOWHITE  BRAND,    Bleached  Sulphite 

I  GLACIER  BRAND      ) 

I  CRYSTAL    BRAND    f  Easy  Bleachin8  SulPhite  j 


SWAN  BRAND 
SAMSON  BRAND 


|  Strong  Sulphite 


Made  under  the  most  modern  Mill  conditions  from  the 
famous  British  Columbia  Spruce 

1  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs. 
95%  to  100%  air-dry. 


TRANS-PACIFIC  SERVICE 
Sailings  from  Seattle  and  Portland  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

Pacific  Steamship  Company 

GENERAL   OFFICES 

5th  Floor,  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Portland,  Oregon  San  Francisco,  Calif. 


101  Third  Street 


New  York 
8  Bridge  Street 


112  Market  Street 


j    Manila,  Hong  Kong,  Vladivostok,  Shanghai,  Singapore,  Kobe,  Yokohama    1 

RmiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiintiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 


I    MILL  CREEK  MILL  SW ANSON  BAY  MILL  PORT  ALICE  MILL 
Capacity                                   Capacity  Capacity 

80  tons  40  tons  80  tons  Bleached 

Easy  Bleaching  Strong  and  Easy  Bleaching 


Head  Office: 

MERCHANTS  BANK  BUILDING 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Canada 


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February  J  920 


I 


1 


I 

I 


1 


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The  Port  of  Los  Angeles 

NEW 

High  Density  Cotton  Compress 

Ready  for  Business  December  1,  1919 

The  Harbor  Department  of  the  City  of  Los  Angeles  has  installed  a  high  density  cotton  compress  in 
connection  with  its  great  municipal  storage  and  dock  facilities. 

This  compress  condenses  cotton  in  either  standard  or  form  bales  to  a  density  of  from  36  to  40  pounds 
per  cubic  foot.  A  gin  bale  occupies  3 5  J/2  cubic  feet;  a  standard  density  bale  occupies  22  J4  cubic  feet, 
and  a  high  density  bale  (36  pounds  density)  occupies  14  cubic  feet.  Thus  100  cubic  feet  of  cargo 
space  will  hold  2,250  pounds  of  standard  density  cotton,  or  3,600  pounds  of  high  density  cotton.  Thus 
a  ship  can  carry  60  per  cent  more  cotton  in  a  given  amount  of  space  if  it  is  compressed  to  high  density 
than  if  it  is  compressed  to  standard  density. 


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Municipal  Pier  No.  1,  where  Cotton  Compress  is  located.     Ships  dock  on  farther  side  of  Pier  Shed 

The  compress  is  located  on  Municipal  Pier  No.  1,  a  solid  earth-filled  pier  containing,  with  the 
foreshore,  66  acres.  This  pier  is  equipped  with  a  reinforced  concrete  wharf  2,520  feet  long,  facing  on 
a  channel  35  feet  deep  at  low  tide,  which  will  accommodate  the  largest  vessels  on  the  Pacific;  a  steel- 
frame  pier  shed  1,800  feet  long  and  100  feet  wide,  and  a  six-story  reinforced  concrete  warehouse  contain- 
ing ten  acres  of  floor  space,  and  with  a  capacity  of  more  than  80,000  tons  of  cargo. 

Cotton  designed  for  export  is  unloaded  from  cars,  put  through  the  compress,  and  then  moved 
either  direct  to  the  pier  shed,  if  designed  for  immediate  shipment,  or  to  the  warehouse,  if  designed  for 
shipment  at  some  future  time.      For  the  present  the  cotton  will  be  handled  by  electric  tractors  and  trailers. 

The  lowest  rates  practicable  are  made  for  compression,  handling  and  storage.  Insurance  rates 
also  are  extremely  low,  as  the  storage  warehouse  is  absolutely  fireproof. 

Cotton  shippers  and  exporters,  and  steamship  lines  interested  in  carrying  cotton,  will  find  it  to  their 
advantage  to  investigate  these  facilities. 


I 

1 
I 


Address 


THE  BOARD  OF  HARBOR  COMMISSIONERS 

SUITE  33,  CITY  HALL,  LOS  ANGELES,  U.  S.  A. 


m 


*26"  Pan     Pacific 

^iiiiiiMiittmiiiitmniiiHiiiiiiuiimiiuimiiMiimimimH 

I  LESLER,  WHITMAN  &  CO.,  Inc.  I 

881-7  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK  CITY,  U.  S.  A. 

Established  1852 
Manufacturers  for  Export  of 

1  MOHAIR  AND  COTTON  SUITINGS 

INCLUDING 

|  MINERVA  SUITINGS 

E                                           '  | 

aiiummmimiimimi i  iiiji  Mitiiiiriiu  iiji  tiiiiiiiuiii  iiiiijiu iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiuliliuIiiiimuiilluiiiiinmiUMiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii minim iiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiitiimiiiimi mm iimiiiiimimiiiiiiiimiimiimiiiS 


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Foreign  Trade  Class 

Night  (K.  C.)  School 
150  GOLDEN  GATE  AVENUE 


Your  Foreign  Representative  trained  in  any  subject 
you  may  need. 


Over  one  hundred  ages — 18  to  38. 


Take  Your  Choice 


You  may  now  have  a  young  man   that  reads  and 
writes  fluently  Russian,  Spanish  or  French. 


Telephone,  write  or  call: 

E.  J.  V  AUGHT, 
Class  Manager  and  Instructor. 

Monday,  Wednesday  and  Friday  7  to  9  P.  M. 

I 
iiuiiiilimiiiuiimimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimmiiiimimmiiiiri 


nOHADMOCK  BIOG. 


Pacific  Coast  I 

United    States  of  America 

Buyers'  Headquarters     | 

The  100%  Club  | 

Arcade  Floor  Monadnock  Bldg,  -         San  Francisco  I 

An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained  for  the  benefit  of    f 
buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

•     THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.     An  information  bureau  is    = 
maintained.     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers,     j 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and  | 

merchants.     Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods  j 

and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.       All  are  leaders  in  | 
their  line. 

We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation. 

Business   connections   established.      Correspondence   invited   in   any   foreign     = 


=     language. 


Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM.  E.  HAGUE.  Sec.-Treas. 


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I""1"" "'" "illinium i miimimnm iimiimiiimimimiimimimimiiiiiHinililimiiimmiimimu imiiimiiiiiiimiii iimiimimnmim i n mniiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiim iiiiiiiimiimiiimmniiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMmiiimimiimiuiȣ 

Rand  Visible  Business  Control 

of  Costs  —  Stock  —  Employment  —  Sales  —  Credit  —  Purchase  —  Bank  Signature  and  all  office  records. 
|      PERFECT  CONTROL  —  through  visible  records  —  makes  Management  Easier. 

Correspondence  In  All  Languages  Write  for  full  particulars. 

SCHWABACHER-FREY  STATIONERY  CO. 


609-611  MARKET  STREET 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 
Cable  Address:     STATIONERS,  San  Francisco.     All  Codes  Used. 


iiimijiiiiimtiiiiimiiiiiiiiiujijjiuiiuiiuiuijiiiijiii. 


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February   1920 


127 


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I 


CANNED  TUNA 
and  SARDINES 


In  All  Styles  of  Pack 


Our  Leading  Brands  are — 

BALBOA 
CORONADO 
RUBIDOUX 
CATALINA 

Complete   Catalogue   on   Request 


3 


C.  E.  Van  Landingham  Co. 

Exporters,  Importers  and  Packers 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 

I    Cable  Address— "VANTUNA"— All  Standard  Codes    I 


Alberhill  Clays 

Scientifically-compounded  into  bodies  suitable  for  the  manu- 
facture of 

High  Grade  Refractories  Sanitary  Ware 

Hotel  China  and  White  Ware  Chemical  Stoneware 

Electrical  Insulators  Building  Brick  and  Tile 

Architectural  and  Garden  Terra  Cotta 

ALBERHILL  SERVICE 

The  manufacturer  who  buys  Alberhill  Compounded  Clays  gets 
with  them  the  benefit  of  the  intensive  research  work  conducted 
in  the  Alberhill  Research  Laboratories.  Here,  the  character- 
istics of  each  clay  come  under  the  scrutiny  of  a  corps  of  cera- 
mists of  long  experience,  and  here  the  mixtures  are  developed 
in  an  effort  to  secure  the  best  results  for  the  manufacturer. 
The  findings  of  the  laboratory  staff  are  checked  by  small  scale 
commercial  production  before  the  final  compound  is  offered  in 
the  market.  1 

The    Alberhill    Coal     &     Clay     Co.  at  this  time  supplies  nearly     = 
ninety  per  cent  of  all  the  clays  used  in  Southern  California;  its     j 
product    goes    regularly    to    seventeen    different    clay    products     = 
plants,  among  which  is  that  of  the  largest  clay  products  manu- 
facturer in  the  West. 

I 
A  letter  stating  your  requirements  will  not  obligate  you  in  the  : 
slightest  degree;  it  will,  however,  bring  you  promptly  a  work- 
ing sample  of  the  Alberhill  Clay  Compound  best  adapted  to 
your  particular  needs. 

ALBERHILL  COAL  &  CLAY  COMPANY 

Pacific   Electric  Building  Lot  Angeles,   Calif. 


■ 


^IlliiiimilllHlinilllilllllimilMiiimiMlllimillMlllMlliniliililimiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimillllllllMlllllilllliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMliiiiiiiiiirS        ^iiimiMiimiiiiMiiiiiimiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiimiiiii liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin iiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiininniS 


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Grain  Driers 


For  Removing  Excess  Moisture  from: 

Wheat  Coffee 

Maize  Rice 

Oats  |eans 

_        ,  Peas 

Cereals  Peanuts 

Seeds  Cottonseed 

Palm  Nuts  Copra 


Ellis  Ball  Rearing  Rotary  Drier 

Rotary  Driers 

j    For  Removing  Excess  Moisture,  Sterilizing,  Roasting 
j    and  Cooking  the  following: 
Corn  Meal 


Corn  Grits 
Corn  Germs 
Hominy 
Flour 
Feeds 
Write  for  Catalog 


Salts 

China  Clays 

Fertilizers 

Phosphates 

Ores 

Graphite 

Chemicals 

Cable  Address 


'Edco" 


I  THE  ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY,  ™  sc%lcVgao. Sj.1jtaeet 


^iiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiimiMiimimiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiMiiiiiimimiimiiMiiiiiimiMiiiiiniiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'-' 

I  NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA  | 

(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head  Office,  Tokyo 


Fleet  99 — Gross  Tonnage,  600,000 

l  TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE  \ 

I  Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports, 
Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 
All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

■E  — 

I    Greatly   Improved   Fast   Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern     = 

Twin  and  Triple  Screw  Steamships  with   Unequaled 

Passenger  Accommodations 


S.   S.   Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons 

S.  S.   Fushlmi   Maru  ...21,020  tons 
S.   S.    Kaahlma    Maru. .19, 200  tons 
For   further   Information,   rates 


DISPLACEMENT: 

S.  S.  Katorl  Maru 19,200  tons 

S.   S.  Atsuta   Maru 16,000  tons 

S.  S.   Kamo   Maru 16,000  tons 

tickets,   berth   reservation,   etc.. 


apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  In  the  United  States 
and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs. 
Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist 
agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 


Colman  Building 
Seattle 


Railway  Exchange  Bldg. 
Chicago 


Equitable  Bldg. 
New  York 


uluUUIUUuUUUIimiimiUIUJIIUMWIIiJlIM^  SlllllulllllMllllllllliilllliiliiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiniiHiiiiMiimiiiiimiimiimimiiiniiiiiii mini mil 11 1  in  mill  mr nu | 


126 


Pan     Pacific 


IfiiiiiiiiiiiiRiimiimiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu 

[quality] 


'^"11 1 iii:i(innirjnjMiiiMiu:nir<i Jihf j  1 1  EUillu  tuitii  "M  i  Kr ;  1 1  r  i m  uFi , ,  h,  ji  t^  1 1  ■>;  tnn  r  nnun  ih«  r  rin  i  rm  r  r' ?n  imi+hih  rr  u  j+im  [^ 

I  ZELLERS-STEVENS  | 

Incorporated 


PLUS 


52  BROADWAY 


SERVICE 


NEW  YORK,  U.  S.  A.   j 


IS 


Cable  Address:     Zellsteven,    New  York 
Depository:       Atlantic    National    Bank 

Exporters  and  Recognized  Specialists  for  the  following 
Office  Appliances: 


OUR  BASIS  OF  VALUE 

Our  Clients  are  not  only  certain  of  Quality 
but  also  of  the  fact  that  our  entire  organiza- 
tion is  at  their  service. 


Schmidt  Lithograph  Co. 


|  Adding  Machines 
1   Addressing  Machines 
|  Carbon  Papers 
I  Card  Index  Systems 
I  Desks  and  Chairs 
|  Duplicating  Machines 
[  Duplicator  Supplies 
|  Filing  Cabinets 
|  Filing  Envelopes  and 
Supplies 


Fountain  Pens  and  Pencils 
Inks — Writing  and 

Printing 
Ink  Tablets 
Metal  Office  Furniture 
Rebuilt  Typewriters 
Time  Recorders 
Typewriter  Ribbons 
Writing  &  Printing  Papers 


1 

SAN  FRANCISCO 

|  FRESNO 

PORTLAND 

1  SEATTLE 

HONOLULU 

SACRAMENTO 
LOS  ANGELES 


WRITE  FOR  PRICES,  WHICH  PROVE 
HOW  FAVORABLE  OUR  TERMS  ARE 

I  Also  Act  as  Purchasing  Agents  for  Dealers  Abroad   i 


HIIIIIIUUIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIUIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIliF.  JIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 'inn Iilllll nil  llllllllllllllll Illllllllllllllllllinilll ml,!  IIIIUIIIIIIUIU: 

^>iiii(uliiiitiiiiiiiiriiiiiii)iiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiMiirtiiiiriiiiiiiititiiftiii><iiiiiii>i iiiiiiiiiiitatiixiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiipitijiriiiiriiiiriitiiiiirinrEiiitJiriiiiiiiiii) tiiniiiirt ,iiiriiiiMiiiiiiiltiiiitiiitiiiitiiiiiir!jiiiiitiiiiiii>iiitiiiiiiuii)iiiiiiiiiii(iiiiiiiiMiiiiiiii:iiitiiitaiiiit ntdiiiiiiittiiiiiiiitiiiniiii^ 

1         Cable  Address  made  in  us  a.  Code  Used       1 


LLEWELLYN 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


MADE  IN  U  S  A 


A    B.    0. 
5th  Edition 


Your  patronage  during  the  past  year  is  appreciated. 

The  Llewellyn  rolling  mills  are  working  to  fullest  capacity;    although    our    organization    is    experiencing 
unprecedented  demands,  we  are  confident  that  your  requirements  during  1920  can  be  supplied. 


Inpts 

Billets 
Bars 

Shapes 


Heavy 
Forcings 


i=i 


Steel 
Castings 


ROLLING  MILL  PRODUCTS 

MARINE  ENGINES— BOILERS— TANKS- PIPE-STRUCTURAL  STEEL— ELEVATORS 


LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS 


TORRANCE 


milium. 


CALIFORNIA  LOS    ANGELES 

i i mum iiiiiniiiiniiiiiilliiillliiliilinilililiniinniiininniiniiiniiinniniiiniiiiiiinniniiiniiiininniiniiinnnn n imiii iiininnn niiniiinmnniiniininniiinniniiiinminiiinniiiiiiniiii 


February)  1920  129 

>iirTrttiiirrntriMirMfiiiJtrim>nfMiiiuiirtniiniiirtiMmiirnMtt n  jj  i  m  t  mn  r  niMiTiiHiiimjiimiiiifiiitniiituruiTnninnir umiri t^         ^it  ■  ■  i  r  r  n  i  f  n  1 1  n  1 1 1 1  n  ti  m  i  r  i  t  r  m  1 1 11 1 1 1  m  i  <  i  m  1 1  p  r  1 1  r  p  1 1 1 M 1 1 1  m  1 1  m  i  r  f  m  f  n  m  i  >  i  *  n  m  t  n n  1 1  m  i  rn  r  i  m  n  i  m  i  r  f  1 1 1  r  r  1 1  m  1 1 1 1 1  m  m  m  1 1  r  h  1 1 1 1 1 1  r ^  n  1 1  •  n  1 1 1 1  <  ^ 


THE  Hotel  McAlpin  is  a  fifteen 
million  dollar  hotel  without 
ostentation.  It  contents  itself  with 
serving  so  well  that  the  guest  re- 
members the  service  and  allows  the 
perfect  details  to  form  an  agreeable 
background. 

The  McAlpin  finds  the  same  names 
on  its  register  year  after  year,  be- 
cause the  experienced  traveler  al- 
ways returns  where  he  has  been 
pleased. 


I  You  pay  a  Compliment 
—  not  a  Price 


when 


Under  the  direction  of  L.  M.  BOOMER 


Gift  Chocolates  are  Purchased  I 


Tastes — like  knowledge — are  acquired  by  edu-  i 
cation. 

Scores   of   people   choose   QUINBY'S   California  I 

Chocolate  Shop  Chocolates  as  Gift  Chocolates  for  1 

the   same    reason   that  they   eat   these   Chocolates  j 

themselves.    The  price  never  occurs  to  them. 

I 
Packed    in    handsome,    yet    inexpensive,    handy    § 

boxes  of  genuine  California  Redwood. 

Extra  thick  chocolate  coatings. 


SPECIALLY  PREPARED  AND  PACKED 
FOR  EXPORT 

REPRESENTATION  DESIRED  WHERE  NOT  ALREADY 
ESTABLISHED 


217 

I   W.  SIXTH 
STREET 


California 

QtocoLATE  Shop  Giocolate* 


LOS 
ANGELES  ! 
CAL. 


Correspondence  in  All  Languages 

i  '  i 

All  Codes  Used 

S 

Cable  Address  "Quinbys,"  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

1  i 

.Tiiiiii mum MiiinnmimiHiimim urn ::n  •"iiuiiiiiiiiriiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiii.il iiimmiimiumiiffi         JiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiPiiiiiiiiiiiniiitiiiuiiniiiiiuiiiiiiiHiiiiiiuiuuiiHiuuiuiiuiiiiiuMiiiiiuiiniiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiihiiiHiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiS 


130 


Pan  Pacific 


^Minimi iimiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiiiiMiiini iiiiiiniiimiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiii iiiinirimmiiimn raiirnimnmmmnimmmimtiniiimiiiniiiii iiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiii niiinnuiiiinuf 

THERMOSTAT    p^°ENN«g5Nfc,r,= 


JENSEN 


It  automatically  supplies  proper  amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen 
to  make  perfect  combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  overheating 

INCREASES  MILEAGE  AND  POWER-GIVES  SPEED  AND  SNAP 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Foreign  Countries 

Samples,   Literature   and   Prices   Sent   on   Request   to  Responsible  Concerns 

HALBURN  COMPANY 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


317  W.  Pico  Street 

i.iiiitiiiiiiiiii» iiiiiiimiiiimimiiimimmmiiiiiMiitmi'imumiiiHiimiiiiMmiiiim mini iiiiiiiiiiimiiii nam MUM iiimimnimiiiiiii imnmiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiimiiMm i iniiim miiiiiiiiiuiii miiiiiimiiiimimiiimiimiiiniimiiiimiiB 

UIIH1llltlllllflllTlllllllllllllllltllllllllll1ll!l!llllllltlllllllltlllUllUMIIflllUlltllll1llinilMlllllHIIU 


Open 

Folding  Portable  Gasoline  Camp  Stoves, 
made  of  24  gauge  steel,  black  enamel. 
No  soot,  smoke  or  odor — will  not  blow 
out.  Works  under  air  pressure. 
Send  for  literature.  Foreign  represen- 
tation desired. 


Harry  M.  Waterman 

1311  S.  Figueroa  Street 

Los  Angeles 


Closed 

iiiiiiiitiiiiniiiiiiiiiMiitiiiHiiiifiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiniiHiiiuiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnitiiiiiB 
^iiiMiiifiiiniiiitiiiiniiiiiiitiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiitiiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiitiiuiiiiiiittiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiitiiitiiiiniiiiiiTiiiiiiiii^ 

Angelus  Tire  Covers  [ 

High  class  perfect  fitting  covers  | 

packed  in  neat  attractive  cartons  | 

which  give  absolute  satisfaction  | 
to  the  user. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  letter-  | 

ing  same,  making  them  specially  1 

adapted  for  advertising  purposes.  f 

We    also    manufacture    a    com-  = 

plete  line  of  Auto  comfy  cushions.  [ 

Parker  &  Waterman 

1203-05  West  Washington  St.  | 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

nlllllllMIIMIIIIIIIllllllllllHIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIItlllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllMlltlllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllT. 


MILLER 

CARBURETOR 


Most  Compart  andtEfficient 
Carburetor  Made 

Fewer  Parts— Absolutely  Automatic 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Parts  of  the  World 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 
.Ti  l  ii  1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1 :  i  ■  r  1 1 .  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 1  <  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  h  ( n  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  j  iTf 


NITEOLENE 

A  lubricating  Oil  of  the  Highest  Qual- 
ity. Specially  blended  and  made  in  all 
weights.  Increases  Compression  —  Re- 
duces Friction  —  Lessens  Carbon. 


800  to   1000  Miles  frequently   obtained 
on  one  gallon  of  Nitrolene. 


|    Furnished    in    15    to    50    gallon    Steel 
e    Drums. 

|    Special  attention  to  export   orders. 


Foreign   Agencies   Desired 
Correspondence   in   all    Languages 


[    NITROLENE  OIL  CO.,  Inc.    | 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF.,  TJ.  S.  A. 

^iiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiitiiiiMiniiiuiiiMiiiiiiiiiMHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiniiiiiiiiiMiuiiiiiMiiHiiiiiiiiijiiir?. 
^irifiiiitiiiiiiiirtiiiTJiiiifittiiiiiaiiriiiiiiiiiiriiiriiiii'iiirtiiiiiiiirTiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiitMirtMiitiirtiriiiiiriiiiiiiiitMirtiiirtiitiiitrrtiirriiirriiiiijjiiiiairiiiiit^ 

BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  | 

Cup,   Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL   INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 

715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  TJ.  S.  A.    [ 
OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
=     SYCIP  HANSON  WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.  Luna  Blnondo,  Manila,     I 
P.  I.— P.  M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.— 
P.   LAFARGUE,  Casllla  308,  Valparaiso,  Chile 

TllllllllllllllNIIMIIIIIIIIIIIItllllllllltllltllltllllllllllllllllllllllltllllltllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllltlllllllHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlJ 

KimiimiimimiiiiiimimiltiiimiMiimiiMiiiri riKiiitiilirillirililHillnliiiillltlMlililillllllltlliitlllliiililllltillllllllfliiiitinilltillltlrltliliii  llllllliiiiuitlllililiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinirillllllllttil  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiriiTiiiitiMtiiiiiriiirtliiltllllPllltlllltlliiiMMiiiiniitlMliliiltiiiltllllnilllllllllllltllllllllitlliiiiiiitiiliig 

Glassine  Parchment  Candy  Grease-Proof       § 


BAGS 


Correspondence  Solicited 
from  Jobbers  and  Exporters 


BAGS 


BAGS 


Brown  Paper  Goods  Company 

224-248  WEST  HURON  ST.,  CHICAGO,  HI. 


BAGS 


U.  S.  A. 
MANUFACTTTBEBS 


r  ^llllJlllllllllllllllHItllltlllllllullllIIJllllllttllltlJllllllMllltllltlllllllllllllltlllllllltllllllllllllllllllltlllltlllltllllllllltlllllli  UIIIJUJllUIUUIIl>llllltllllllll(llIlllllllllllllltlllllllllllllt«ll|)l|ttIlllllli>(llltMlltllltlllltllll>ilHl«UJllulUlMJUUIlUilllillll>llUlttUt>m><lt"<ii» miiMiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimumiHiiJ 


February  I  920 


131 


inmmmrnimiimmtinirr 


mnnnrnnrniinimmtmiimnnmimimmmnntiiiimiiriv* 


KAY  BEE 
SPOTLIGHTS 

The  Most  Powerful  Spot  Light  Made 
21  Candle  Power— Nitro  Globes 


Represen- 
tation 
Desired 
in  all 
Foreign 
Countries 

Samples 
Prices  and 

Full 
Informa- 
tion Sent 
on  Request 


Weight 

Pounds 

with 
Bracket 


Adaptable 
to  any 
Wind- 
shield 


Also  made 

in 

Motorcycle 

Type 


|   Instantly  Removable  from  Bracket,  its  Flood  of  White  Light 

Makes  Everything  as  Bright  as  Day 
=    More  Concentrated  Light  With  Less  Glare  or  Diffusion  Than 
With  any  Other  Spotlight 


WW 


E 


1*FG.  CQs. 

i    312  West  35th  Street  Los  Angeles,  Calif.    \ 

a  =1 

i  i 

-iniiiiutuiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiuiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiuuiuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii? 


Cables:  "Smythe  Philadelphia' 


J. 


The 

L.  N.  Smythe 

Company 

Every  Kind  of 

PAPER 


Writing 

Simili 

Glassine 

Bond 

Cap 

Wrapping 

Ledger 

Absorbing 

Kraft 

Printing 

Screen 

Manila 

Book 

Tissue 

Toilet 

Art 

Blotting 

Tag 

Poster 

Parchment 

Boards 

Typewriter 

Greaseproof 

Specialties 

An  old  established  Philadelphia  firm  dealing  in 

dependable  papers  and  dependable  service. 

Cable  or  write  us  your  needs. 

MAIN  OFFICE 
30-34  SOUTH  SIXTH  STREET 

PHILADELPHIA,  U.  S.  A. 


sLMlllirtllllttllltllllltliittlltillltililliiliitlluilltMllttlltllltttlltlllulllttMltllllililttlliltlllttllllllllllttlllltllllllltlMnili  llllilillltiliiiititlll>tllitllliiilitllliniltlllltllttlllllllllllltillttlllllltlll>llllttlllllllttl imiiiiiiiii.UiniiiimiiiiiiimiiiiMMiimiiMiiniiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiiNiiiiiiiMliiiii'g 


THE    "MARMON" 

One  of  America's  Sturdy  High-Grade 
Cars 


Renewed  Automobiles 


National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 

Los  Angeles  Export  &  Import  Co. 

Distributors  for  Export 


THE  "CADILLAC 


___   ,.    .  _...  _,  .  -  .  _    ...  Known  the  World  Over  for  Speed, 

ZZ3  Union  Ull  Bldg.  LOS  Angeles,  Calif.  Power  and  Stability 


-nMHtiiniinHriniHtiimrr  "h ' I milll'milliin n"iiniiiHiiiHnmiiniiiiiiiir,HinHrHmHi[miiHiHHinnrT,n"rT"ni"lT"t""l " Il'""" '■"" ' ■ 

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Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
"PROVEN  QUALITY' 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN   UNION 

SiitiiiiiiiiiimiiiiuiniiiiiuiiiiiimiiiiiiuimiiiiiiiiiiMiiitiM imiimimiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiuiiimimiiiiiifuiiiwuiuit 


HOERNER'S  ADJUSTABLE 

Valve  Scat  Facer  J 

Only  adjustable  and  interchangeable  Valve  Seat  | 
facer  manufactured.  Instantly  adjustable  to  any  [ 
size  valve. 

Takes  the  place  of  ten  separate  facing  tools  now  [ 
necessary  at  a  saving  of  two-thirds. 

CUTTERS  AND  PILOT  STEMS  INTERCHANGEABLE     | 

Foreign  representation  desired.  Literature,  prices  and  | 
samples  sent  to  responsible  concerns. 

MALBURN   COMPANY 

SOLE  DISTRIBUTERS  FOR 
HOEENEE  COMPANY 

1    317  W.  PICO  ST.  LOS  ANGELES,  GAL.    [ 

I  i 

iiiimmiiiiiii mimiiMiuiiuuiiuuiiiuii iiuiiiuiiiiiiiiiuuiuiuiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii immiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii uimuiiiiiiS 


132 


an 


a  c  t 


fie 


Uiiiiiuui iiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiiiiiiiMiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiMimiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiniiii^ 

I  PLANET  SUB-TIRE! 

"A  TIRE  WITHIN  A  TIRE" 

[    Made  of  the  best  rubber  and  fabric.    Will  increase  from  50  to    \ 
!    100  per  cent  the  mileage  on  any  casing,  new  or  old. 
This  Sub-Tire, 

NOT  BEING  CEMENTED  IN, 

may  be  readily  transferred  from  one  casing  to  another. 


Extra  Thickness 
Prevents  Punctures 


Soft  Cushion  Rubber  Prevents 
Friction  and  Stone  Bruises 


Any 

Standard 

Inner  Tube 


Extends  to  Base  of  Rim  Prevents  Rim  Blow  Outs 


MORE  EFFICIENT  THAN  ANY  ARTICLE  EVER  DESIGNED    | 
FOR  A  SIMILAR  PURPOSE 


Foreign 

Representation 

Desired 


Literature 

on 

Request 

MANUFACTURED  BY 


Correspondence    i 
In  all 
Languages  § 


Planet  Rubber  Co. 


1    125  E.  NINTH  ST. 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.    | 


U.  S.  A.  1 

=  E 

^slirtiiittini  tiiiriiit»iirciiiiiiiri»Jii«iir»tii»»iririjrr*rrii  i  .iirTiumrrfiiriiitriiiifMiJ  mil mi  iiiiiiiiiiiiii  iiii»iiri  iiiitiittiiittiiitiiiraiiiixjiitijiiiiiiiiniji  iT^ 


ij|iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiii[iiHtiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiin 


iiiiiimiimiiiHiiininniii' 


"TRADE   IS   THE    BASIS    OF    BANKING" 

In  Appreciation  of  this 

ttbe 

flfcercbantsWationalBank  [| 

OF  LOS   ANGELES,    CALIFORNIA 
Operates  a  Special 

jf  oreign  TErat>e  Department 

Serving  All   Bankers  and  Merchants  in  the 
Development  of  Our  International  Commerce     ||8 

MAY    WE    SERVE    YOU? 


Address:    Foreign  Trade  Adviser 

Merchants  National  Bank 

Los  Angeles,  California.  V.  S.  A. 


1  GO 


Correspondence  in 
All  Trade  Centers 


Correspondence  in 

All  Foreign  Languages    1  £& 


Cable  Address:    "Merchants" — All  Codes 

„ __ ^,__:5J| 


^- 1 1 1 1  m  i  t  T  n  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  r?  1 1 1 1  ii  r »  t  1 1 1  >  1 1 1  m  1 1 1  r  ii  1 1  m  i  m  ii  r  1 1 1 1 1  t  t  1 1 1  r  1 1  >  t  f  1 1  j 1 1  m  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1  r  i  m  i ,  m  i  r  1  u  r  ■  m  1 1  m  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  h  1 1  m  m  ■  i  r  m  i  f  1 1 1  t  i  m  n  1 1 1  m  m  .  m  1 1  t  m  1 1  l  1 1 1  p  m  1 1  m  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  1 1  f  p  1 1 1  t  1 1 1  f  >  ■  1 1 1  ■  n  i  m  m  f  m  1  r  c  i  t  t  r  i  ]  1 1  ■  1 1  i  ^  p  i  ^  f  1 n  1 1 1  r  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  u  1 1 1  n  1 1 1  n  m  m  1 1  n  1 1 1  *  u  1 1 : 1 1  m  1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1  m  p  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1  m  1 1 1  m  n  i  * »  j  i  r  m  )  1 1 1  *  1 1 1 1  j  1 1  m  m  1 1  *  j  i  m  1 1 1 1  *  1 1  r  i  f  f  lx 


BUNKER  COAL 


AT 


San  Diego— Port  Los  Angeles 

(SAN  PEDRO) 

We  Are  Prepared  to  Furnish  Bunker  Coal  to  Ocean 
Going  and  Coastwise  Vessels 

Best  Quality  Coal  Carried 
in  Stock  at  Both  Ports 


Spreckles  Bros.  Commercial  Co. 


LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF. 
201  Citizens  National  Bank  Bldg. 


SAN  DIEGO,  CALIF. 
Santa  Fe  Wharf 


Cable  Address  "SPRECKLES" 

lllliirrillllllllljlllllllllllttllll llitluitltttlllilKllxllltllMlllKllliFiin  IM I  ililllilllllilMlllltJIlll  Illirtllll1ll>>l<liiuiri lIlllltlllljjlitilil>l>MLi,iurii>irii>iiiiiifi  LliiilipiUMiiiiiiiii<:iiirltlii>jilllllli:nltlllltjllitlilltillllliill tiMiliinuiillJ iiiilltllillrM|]|illtllilllMllllli>llitiJlll>liiiillill T. 


F  ebruary  /  920 


133 


aPl 


|-!lllllllllltllllllllllllllllltltlllt(llltlllltl<IIIIIIHtlltllltlllt(llinilHlllllllllll!IIMIItllllMllltlllllllllllHIIHIIIIIII  = 


£uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu 
FEBRUARY.  1920 
Vol.V 


P<0.  4     =iiiiiiiiiii>ii "muni iiiiiiiiniiiiiiiii mil iiniiimimiiiiitmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiii!'. 


Simiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiihiiiiuiiiiiiii iiuiS 


PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

B.  A.  McKelvie  Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  .India 

George    Mellen    „ — x Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  _ _ Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke -Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    „ Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  „ Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    __ — Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M „ China 

H.   M.   Dlas   Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  informatiom  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscriptto»  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  In  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC   CORPORATION,    Publishers 
618  Mission   Street,  San   Francisco 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

"Close  Up"  of  Java  and  the  Javanese Edwin  T.  George  135 

No  Longer  Mysterious  To  Trade  With  Far  East L.  D.  Snyder  137 

Survey  of  Pan  Pacific  Markets — 

Australia  138 

Bolivia  138 

British  India 138 

Chile 139 

China  139 

Colombia  11+0 

Ecuador  11+0 

Dutch  East  Indies  .. 11+0 

Japan  HO 

Philippines 11+1 

New  Germany  in  the  World's  Markets Charles  Lyon  Chandler  11*2 

First  Ships  Available  Promised  for  Pacific  11+3 

Radio  Service  on  the  Pacific 11+3 

Foreign  Trade  Groundwork  by  Correspondence.... Dr.  Charles  H.  Raymond  11+6 

Must  Win  Confidence  to  Get  Trade  of  Orient Paul  T.  Carrington  11+9 

Why  Not  America  and  Japan  Work  Together  in  Orient? E.  Naito  150 

Amazon  Valley  Trade  Opportunities 150 

Santo  Domingo  Offers  Chances Charles  H.  Noxon  Jr.  151 

Bankers  Acceptances  for  Financing  Exports 152 

New  Year  Offers  Opportunities  to  Exporters Dr.  W.  E.  Auginbaugh  151+ 

Make  Tropics  Attractive  to  Women.... S.  P.  Verner  156 


.'.  riiiiiiiniiinjiiiiiiiiiiiimii tiiiiMiiiiiiiniiiijiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiJiiii i mii luiiiiiiiriiiiiniiiiiiTi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiJiiiMiiiiiLiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiii«iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiii»iiiiiuiiiniiiini 1 1 n 1 1< n i n 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i u i ■  1 1 1 1 i iiimiiii iiiiiiimniiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiir 


134 


Pan     Pacific 


'•LTD. 


1' iiiimiimiiiiimimiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiimi nimiiimii iiMiiiKiiiiiiiiiminiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiimiiiim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiimimiMmiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmHHiiiMiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiuiimiimwmhmmmmmmmMMHMM 


OCEAN*  TDANSPORT  CO 

(TAI^KAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA) 

OF  KOBE 
JAPAN 


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February)  I  920 


H* 


Pan  Pad 


"Close  up"  of  Java  and  the  Picturesque 

JaVaiieSe— As  Seen  by  Edwin  T.  George 


THE  laud  which  claimed  the  great- 
est part  of  my  time  was  Java, 
which  glories  in  the  popular  sobri- 
quet, "Gem  of  the  Orient."  I  am  not 
sponsor  for  the  claim,  for  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  Orient  I  did  not  visit; 
but  Java  I  traversed  from  end  to  end, 
and  left  with  the  solemn  conviction 
that  no  spot  on  the  face  of  the  earth 
coulr  consider  itself  aspersed  by  the 
award  of  perfection  to  this  glorious 
island. 

Of  volcanic  origin,  and  warmed  by 
tbe  tropical  sun  the  year  round,  there 
seems  to  be  nothing  in  the  range  of 
warm-blooded  life  and  vegetation 
which  its  nutritious  soil  will  not  nour- 
ish. Towering  palm,  cocoanut,  and 
banana  trees  are  almost  wearisome  in 
their  abundance.  Waringen  and  ka- 
nari  trees,  magnificent  in  their  straight 
trunked  and  lofty  dignity,  line  ave- 
nues and  roads  so  unsparingly,  that 
one  of  conservative  North  Temperate 
blood  is  prone  to  condemn  Nature  for 
her  prodigality. 

Imagine  how  this  recklessly  strewn 
foliage  would  be  appreciated  in  the 
carefully  nurtured  parks  of  New  York 
and  Pennsylvania.  And  the  mountains 
— none  of  your  barren,  arid,  stubborn 
peaks,  if  you  please;  but  gentle,  un- 
dulating slopes,  every  inch  claimed  by 
Nature's  fertility,  and  most  of  them 
rising  with  an  even  symmetry  that 
might  well  by  the  envy  of  the  north- 
ern architect. 

Like    Garden   of   Eden 
Is   This   View  in  Java 

One  scene  in  particular  literally 
struck  me  dumb.  It  was  in  Buiten- 
zorg,  the  western  interior  of  Java. 
Leaving  the  hotel,  I  came  to  the  brink 
of  a  sudden  precipice,  which  faced  the 
mountains  of  Gedeh  and  Salak,  and 
there  met  my  eyes  such  a  scene  as 
beggared  superlatives.  The  twin 
mountains  rose  primly  opposite,  while 
between  them  and  my  point  of  van- 
tage snuggled  a  valley  which  man's 
amazed  wits  might  well  identify  with 
the  Garden  of  Eden. 

It  was  a  solid  mass  of  green,  but 
such  green!  Shades,  variations,  tints, 
and  reflections  blended,  modified,  neu- 


Mr.  Ceorge,  formerly  of  the  Guar- 
anty Trust  Company  of  New 
York,  ond  now  an  ensign  in  the 
United  States  Navy  assigned  to 
the  Shipping  Board,  returned  re- 
cently from  a  trip  to  Java.  He 
is  now  on  his  way  to  Greece 
aboard    the    U.    S.    S.    Yacuina. 


tralized,  and  sharpened,  each  delicate 
coloring  heightening  or  subduing  the 
sensitive  scheme  of  its  neighbor.  The 
colors  of  the  rainbow  might  mix  more 
wildly,  but  I  doubt  if  they  could  blend 
more  pleasingly.  And  such  are  the 
scenes  which  greet  the  eye  from  east 
to  west,  and  from  north  to  south, 
within  the  bounds  of  this  fairy  isle. 

The  natives  of  Java  are  scarcely  less 
picturesque    than    their    surroundings. 


COALING    STATION    AT   SABANG,   SUMATRA 

They  are  brown  people,  of  Malay  ex- 
traction, as  are  also,  but  of  more  dis- 
tant lineage,  the  Japanese.  Like  the 
Japanese,  they  are  small,  and  a  large 
percentage  of  them  are  almost  flaw- 
lessly formed.  But  unlike  many  of 
their  unlovely  generic  cousins  of  Malay 
origin,  they  are  a  mild,  winsome  little 
people;  graceful,  artistic  and  with 
rather  refined  features.  They  are  the 
finer  flowers  of  the  race,  and  are  said 
to  have  owned  a  knowledge  of  arts 
and  literature  long  before  the  Mo- 
hammedan and  European  conquests. 

Monuments     to     their      prehistoric 
achievements   are   still   extant  in   the 


shape  of  marvelous  Buddhist  temples, 
the  most  famous  of  which  is  Boro 
Bodur,  a  structure,  which,  majestic 
even  in  ruins,  is  a  splendid  rebuke  to 
many  of  the  unlearned  scoffers  of  Eu- 
rope and  America,  who  love  to  expand 
upon  the  "eternal  benightedness"  of 
these  "tropical  beggars."  Their  lan- 
guage, while  unintelligible  to  me,  was 
softer  and  more  gentle  than  that  of 
the  natives  in  Asia  proper. 

Regular  Theatre  -  goers 
In  Malay  Play  Houses 

They  are  regular  theatre-goers;  and 
while  in  their  little  thatched  and 
woven  play-houses,  with  their  stiff 
stages  and  settings,  and  confessed  dis- 
regard of  acoustics,  the  American  visi- 
tor would  scarcely  recognize  a  theat- 
rical interior,  the  play  goes  merrily 
on,  the  heroine  in  shrill  Malay  rejects 
the  unprincipled  suitor,  is  confined  to 
her  dungeon,  and  finally  rescued  by  a 
prince  of  the  line,  who  pleads  his  cause 
with  such  chivalrous  devotion  that  no 
dusky-skinned  maid  could  resist  his 
ardent  advances.  Comedians  come 
and  go  the  while,  blasting  the  sullen 
villian  with  their  wit. 

While  friends  warned  me  of  a  com- 
ing surprise,  I  was  not  sufficiently  pre- 
pared for  the  "super"  surprise  that 
awaited  me.  The  perspiring  earnest- 
ness of  the  players  was  even  surpassed 
by  the  enthusiasm  of  the  audience. 
They  roared  out  their  anger  at  the 
infamous  chicanery  of  the  villian; 
sympathized  audibly  with  the  grief  of 
their  mistress,  sat  in  gasping  suspense 
while  the  intrepid  lover  hurled  de- 
fiance into  the  gnashing  jaws  of  his 
enemy's  minions,  crowed  with  delight 
at  the  latter 's  discomfiture,  and 
crooned  happily  over  the  Buddha- 
blessed  union  of  the  lovers. 

I  saw  both  High  and  Low  Malay 
theatricals,  and  while  they  would 
scarcely  satisfy  the  aesthetic  palate  of 
an  American  audience,  their  innate 
love  of  the  poetic,  of  music,  the  dance, 
and  other  forms  of  art,  finds  ample 
expression  in  these  crude  plays. 

In  spite  of  slurring  references  by 
the  resident  whites,  a  sort  of  sym- 
pathetic affection  for  them  would  creep 


136 


Pan    Pacific 


into  my  mind;  I  could  not  bring  my- 
self to  believe  that  a  people  so 
strongly  possessed  of  aesthetic  in- 
stincts could  be  the  mental  bullocks 
their  traducers  made  them  out  to  be. 

Dress    Always    Beautiful 
And    Always    Interesting 

Their  dress  is  not  much — figuratively 
or  literally.  They  wear  a  mam  article 
of  clothing  known  as  the  sarong,  made 
of  battek.  It  consists  simply  of  a  rec- 
tangular piece  of  cloth,  upon  which  is 
painted  quaint  designs,  ordinarily  rep- 
resentative of  some  phase  of  human  or 
animal  life  in  Java.  They  are  often 
beautiful  and  always  interesting.  Even 
those  which  on  careless  glance  appear 
to  be  a  mad  hodge-podge  of  paints, 
can  be  resolved  into  intelligent  form 
by  closer  inspection.  This  sarong  is 
wrapped  around  the  body  and  tucked 
in,  and  is  often  the  only  article  of 
clothing. 

In  the  coast  cities,  such  as  Batavia, 
Samarang  and  Soerabaya,  body  ap- 
parel consists  of  light  shirting,  such 
as  Japanese  crepe,  and  a  brightly  col- 
ored shawl  is  flung  around  the  maid- 
enly shoulders.  For  head  covering, 
the  men  wear  a  turban  of  this  same 
battek  material,  wound  round  and 
round.  To  it  is  attached  some  reli- 
gious significance,  and  it  is  never  left 
off. 

To  such  an  extreme  is  observance  of 
this  rule  carried  that  it  frequently  be- 
trays the  wearer  into  ludicrous  situa- 
tions. A  railroad  conductor,  for  in- 
stance, proudly  clad  in  blue  uniform, 
has  a  blue  cap  proudly  clad  in  blue 
uniform,  has  a  blue  cap  perched  askew 
on  one  of  the  peaks  of  his  Easter-egg 
turban;  a  hotel  waiter  is  forever  agi- 
tated by  the  conflicting  duties  of  serv- 
ing a  huge  dish  of  "  rice-taf el, "  and 
yet  maintaining  in  respectable  position 
his  house-cap  astride  his  turban. 

Each   Country  of  Far  East 
Has  National  Characteristics 

I  have  dwelt  so  lingeringly  upon 
Java,  partly  for  the  reason  that  knowl- 
edge of  its  fascinations  seemed  most 
meagre  among  Americans,  partly  be- 
cause I  had  longer  opportunity  to  en- 
joy its  beauties,  and  therefore  was 
more  deeply  impressed,  but  each  of 
the  countries  I  was  lucky  enough  to 
visit,  has  some  peculiar  characteristic 
which  stands  out  in  my  mind  as  being 
strongly  representative. 

In  Egypt,  it  was  the  ancient  dignity 
of  the  architecture,  the  cobbled  streets, 
the  haughty  air  of  permanency  which 
seemed  to  sit  upon  the  very  stones  of 
Cairo,  as  though  they  were  conscious 
of  their  hundreds  of  years  of  unal- 
tered repose  amidst  a  world  of  flux 
and  change.  My  most  settled  impres- 
sion of  Ceylon  was  of  its  denizens; — 
those  subtle,  wily,  ingenious  and  alto- 
gether unscruplous  Hindu  and  India 
merchants.     Speaking  English  with    a 


A   GLIMPSE   OF   BATAVIA,   JAVA 


fluency  that  would  put  to  shame  many 
an  American  citizen,  their  borrowings 
from  the  vernacular  are  so  strangely 
mixed  with  the  grammatical  tongue, 
that  at  times  the  result  is  side-splitting. 

They  are  wonderfully  imaginative, 
smoothly  courteous,  and  press  their 
wares  upon  you  with  a  sublime  air  of 
affection  whose  height  is  matched  only 
by  the  initial  prices  they  offer  for  your 
reflection.  Said  prices  finally  dwindle 
by  a  third  or  a  half  after  an  hour  or 
so  of  carefully  chosen  remonstrance 
on  your  part,  with  the  Hindu  wrap- 
ping up  the  goods  for  you  a  dozen 
times  with  an  air  of  finality;  for  a 
price  which  you  have  as  often  assured 
him  you  would  not  pay. 

In  Singapore  and  the  Malay  penin- 
sula, my  attention  was  held  most 
closely  by  the  heterogeneous  character 
of  the  population.  Singapore,  city  of 
song  and  tradition,  cross-roads  be- 
tween shipping  of  North,  East,  South, 
and  West,  the  link  which  binds  the 
Occident  to  the  Orient;  when  thought 
of  in  that  light,  what  could  be  more 
fitting  than  that  its  inhabitants  should 
comprise  seemingly  all  known  peoples 
of  the  world. 


A  stroll  in  Singapore  rewarded  me 
in  almost  every  instance  with  a 
pageant  of  internationalism,  that  pos- 
sibly cannot  be  surpassed.  Japanese, 
Chinese,  Siamese,  Malays,  Javanese, 
Burmese,  Cingalese,  Hindus,  Sikhs, 
Parsees,  Tamils,  Lascars,  heathens  of 
every  caste  and  persuasion  mingle  in 
a  brilliant  confusion  of  rainbow  dra- 
pery, which  partly  conceals,  mostly  re- 
veals, a  changing  assortment  of  black, 
brown  and  yellow  skins. 

Nor  must  I  fail  to  make  mention  of 
the  whites,  largely  English  and  im- 
maculately attired  in  ghostly  clothes, 
who  hold  aloof  with  the  supercilious 
superiority  which  should  of  right  at- 
tach to  those  who  have  brought  all 
this  to  pass. 

And  as  for  Java — teeming,  steam- 
ing, tropical  Java,  no  one,  having  once 
seen  it,  can  ever  forget  its  scenes  of 
glorious,  profligate  verdancy;  and  the 
Javanese  themselves  require  no  sep- 
arate mention ;  for  they  fit  as  naturally 
into  this  soft,  pleasant,  everlasting 
summer  as  dolls  in  a  doll-house,  and 
by  no  obliterations  of  time  could 
thoughts  of  the  two  be  dissociated. 


February   1920 


137 


No  Longer  Mysterious  or  Hazardous 

tO  Trade  in  Far  EaSt-Reports  L.  D.  Snyder 


AUSTRALIASIA  and  the  Orient 
are  not  so  far  away  from  us  as 
one  time  popularly  supposed.  We  have 
learned  that  there  are  other  things  in 
India  besides  magicians  and  ancient 
temples.  We  no  longer  look  upon 
Chinese  as  beings  whose  most  promi- 
nent characteristic  were  queques.  We 
have  found  that  there  is  good  busi- 
ness in  Borneo  and  not  many  wild  men. 
American  business  is  beginning  to  ap- 
preciate the  opportunities  offered  to 
it   by  the  peoples  of  the  Orient. 

With  the  development  of  quick 
modes  of  overseas  transportation  we 
may  expect  revolutionary  changes 
within  the  next  few  years.  Suppose 
the  aeroplane  becomes  a  commercial 
possibility  for  carrying  light  weight 
merchandise?  Just  think  of  the  num- 
ber of  planes  that  eoidd  be  built  for 
the  money  one  first  class  ship  costs. 
Consider  the  number  of  deliveries  pos- 
sible at  a  speed  of  150  miles  an  hour. 
Aerial  traffic  will  unquestionably  be- 
come an  important  means  of  communi- 
cation in  the  future. 

Would  it  not  add  to  the  conven- 
ience of  ocean  travel  if  foreign  sales- 
men Could  cover  distances  at  the  rate 
of  over  a  hundred  miles  an  hour,  or 
four  or  five  times  faster  than  by 
steamer?  Such  convenience  certainly 
means  the  drawing  closer  in  friend- 
ship and  business  between  peoples  of 
the   East   and    the   West. 

New    Keels    Being    Laid 
For     the     Pacific     Trade 

Leaving  the  future  development  of 
the  air  and  considering  the  present 
modes  of  overseas  transport,  we  find 
that  many  new  ships  are  being  put 
into  commission  and  new  keels  being 
laid  for  the  Pacific  trade.  These 
steamers  are  invariably  of  a  larger 
type  than  hitherto  used  and  of  greater 
speed.  The  Japanese  specially  are  ac- 
tive in  these  material  developments, 
which  will  bring  the  East  into  closer 
touch  with  America. 

There  is  nothing  mysterious  or  haz- 
ardous in  sending  American  goods  to 
the  Far  East.  In  the  light  of  experi- 
ence of  the  last  decade,  and  more  es- 
pecially during  the  last  four  years, 
many  of  our  progressive  exporters 
think  no  more  of  despatching  a  ship- 
ment of  goods  to  the  Orient  than  they 
do  of  send  ins:  a  consignment  into  a 
neighboring   State. 

It  is  many  years  ago  that  a  few — 
and  it  was  a  very  few — of  our  far- 
sighted  manufacturers  ventured  to  in- 
troduce their  goods  into  the  east. 
Those  pioneers  who  took  to  heart  the 


lessons  they  learned  from  bitter  ex- 
perience and  played  the  game  accord- 
ing to  the  rules  have  become  emi- 
nently successful  and  are  held  in  high 
esteem  by  both  the  Oriental  buyers 
and  by  other  American  exporters  who 
are  following  the  paths  blazed  for 
them.  One  of  the  most  important  ele- 
ments of  their  success  was  the  care 
given  to  the  method  and  manner  of 
transportation. 

The  same  lessons  have  been  heeded 
by  hundreds  of  other  American  ex- 
porters. The  way  has  been  made  easy 
to   a  certain  extent  for  them   to  also 


Heavy  Travel  on  Pacific 

THE  interests  of  the  merchants  of 
the  United  States  in  trade  with 
the  Orient  is  shown  by  the  fact  that 
it  is  estimated  that  about  75  per  cent 
of  transpacific  passengers  are  travel- 
ling on  business,  with  about  20  per 
cent  missionaries  and  only  5  per  cent 
tourists. 

The  small  percentage  of  tourists  is 
attributed  to  the  fact  that  they  can- 
not be  assured  that  they  can  stop  off 
at  various  ports  and  secure  accommo- 
dations until  they  are  ready  to  pro- 
ceed. 

Before  the  war  the  missionary  travel 
was  about  the  same  as  at  present,  but 
business  men  furnished  only  about  5 
per  cent  of  the  travellers  and  tourists 
about  75  per  cent.  It  is  said  that 
steamship  lines  are  able  to  handle  only 
about  50  per  cent  of  the  business  of- 
fered, and  there  are  no  signs  of  the 
number  of  traveUers  decreasing  in  the 
near  future. 


succeed.  The  same  holds  true  for 
every  man  or  organization  who  is  will- 
ing to  benefit  through  the  experience 
of  others. 

Hong  Kong  Differs  Little 
From  New  York  in  Trade 
Hong  Kong  and  the  Far  East  differ 
not  much  from  New  York  and  the 
West  when  considered  from  a  business 
viewpoint.  The  disadvantage  of  geo- 
graphical position,  or  color,  or  lan- 
guage, or  units  of  exchange  value  is 
subordinate  to  the  human  desire  to 
trade  for  profit.  These  handicaps  are 
the  problems  that  develop  world 
knowledge  of  other  peoples  and  coun- 
tries. 

China  is  surely  awakening  to  the 
light  of  a  new  economic  age,  in  just 
such  a  way  as  did  her  next  door  neigh- 
bor— Japan.  China,  the  land  of  untold 
natural  resources,  is  divesting  herself 
from  the  thousand-year-old  customs 
and  usages  that  have  become  her  mas- 
ter.    The  evidence  of  a  new  national 


feeling,  that  of  patriotism,  is  apparent. 
The  Shantung  question  has  thoroughly 
aroused  the  Chinese  to  a  feeling  of  na- 
tional independence.  As  further  evi- 
dence of  this  spirit,  the  Chinese  boy- 
cott of  Japanese  goods  and  of  Japa- 
nese ships  continues  in  spite  of  argu- 
ments to  the  contrary. 

The  next  half  century  will  see  the 
development  of  China  from  a  back- 
ward nation  to  a  new  and  thoroughly 
regenerated  nation  firmly  established 
on  terms  of  equality  in  the  economic 
brotherhood  of  nations.  The  next  half 
century  will  see  the  arteries  of  Chi- 
nese commerce — the  rivers,  canals, 
railways  and  highways — developed  and 
built  as  the  ease  may  be.  Then  the 
stage  will  be  set  for  the  building  up 
of  a  thousand  and  one  industries  as 
well  as  the  exploitation  of  China's  ag- 
ricultural and  mineral  wealth.  At  pres- 
ent the  railways  have  no  great  amount 
of  mileage  upon  which  to  offer  service. 
The  highway  systems  are  more  limited 
than  the  rail  service  is  meagre. 

Some   Chinese  Roads 
Thousand  Years  Old 

In  northern  China  the  roads  are 
sometimes  1,000  years  old  and  are 
worn  several  feet  deep.  They  are  very 
narrow,  being  used  for  Pekin  carts, 
donkeys  or  camels.  In  the  rainy  sea- 
son these  deep-cut  roads  fill  with  wa- 
ter and  mud  and  become  veritable 
rivers  instead  of  highways.  At  in- 
terior cities,  camel  caravans  assemble 
to  cross  the  great  deserts  in  companies 
for  protection  and  assistance  when 
necessary.  It  is  exactly  the  same  man- 
ner of  travel  that  was  used  centuries 
ago  when  the  Chinese  were  great  trad- 
ers with  Southern  Europe  and  jour- 
neyed by  caravan  across  Manchuria 
and  the  Caucasus  to  Constantinople  to 
barter  their  cotton  and  silk  for  Euro- 
pean goods.  The  next  generation  will 
see  history  repeat  itself  in  this  revival 
of  China's  long  forgotten  instinct  for 
trade  and  commercial  position. 

Of  the  Orient  China  alone  could  sup- 
ply the  world  with  coal  for  the  next 
20,000  years.  Of  all  mineral  deposits 
there  are  unlimited  quantities.  Yet 
China  still  imports  coal  from  Japan, 
iron  from  America  and  cotton  goods 
from  Europe,  as  well  as  from  Amer- 
ica. The  thirty  million  tons  of  coal 
that  China  mined  last  year  and  the  few 
million  tons  of  iron  ore  she  produced 
represent  not  even  a  scratch  on  the 
surface  of  the  possibilities.  The  same 
is  true  of  Manchuria  and  Siberia, 
which  territories  combined  with  China 
will  one  day  be  the  center  of  the 
world's  mining  industry. 


138 


Pan     Pacific 


Survey  of  Pan  Pacific  Markets 


AUSTRALIA 

AN  Englishman  writing  from  Aus- 
tralia states  that  the  United 
States  is  Great  Britain's  keenest  com- 
petitor in  that  market,  and  that  Amer- 
ican goods  are  common  in  the  shops. 

Great  dissatisfaction  is  expressed  by 
Australian  importers  over  the  sudden 
alterations  of  certain  parts  of  the 
tariff  which  take  place  without  prev- 
ious warning.  It  frequently  happens 
that  after  goods  have  been  ordered 
from  other  countries  a  deputation  of 
Australian  manufacturers  will  call  on 
the  Minister  for  Trade  and  Customs, 
assuring  him  that  their  particular 
manufacture  is  vital  to  the  interests 
of  the  Commonwealth,  and  that  unless 
it  is  amply  protected  the  revenue  for 
the  current  year  will  seriously  depre- 
ciate. The  result  is  that  the  customs 
duties  on  the  lines  in  question  are  in- 
creased, and  the  importer,  who  has 
already  ordered  his  goods,  will  have 
to  pay  sometimes  as  high  as  a  30  to 
35  per  cent  duty  upon  their  receipt. 
A  case  in  point  was  the  sudden  im- 
position of  a  tax  on  shovels  during 
September.  All  importers  are  anxious- 
ly awaiting  the  revision  of  the  tariff. 

The  Minister  for  Trade  and  Cus- 
toms has  stated  that,  pending  the  re- 
vision of  the  tariff,  he  does  not  pro- 
pose to  interfere  in  any  way  with  the 
embargoes  on  certain  imports  such  as 
confectionery  and  motor  car  bodies. 

New  South  "Wales  is  said  to  offer  a 
market  for  grain  and  threshing  ma- 
chines with  drums  of  3  feet,  6  inches, 
and  for  steam  tractors  of  about  eight 
horsepower  and  portable  engines  of 
the  same  power. 

— o — 
BOLIVIA 

"D  OLIVIA  has  benefited  greatly 
■*"*  from  the  war  and  is  in  a  pros- 
perous condition.  Her  exports  in- 
creased more  than  one  hundred  per 
cent,  while  the.  development  of  her 
mines  of  wolfram,  manganese  and  sil- 
ver has  been  excellent.  Her  sugar  and 
rubber  industries  are  reported  to  be 
prospering. 

Bolivia  is  rich  in  tin,  bismuth,  tung- 
sten, antimony  and  copper.  The  fact 
that  her  densest  population  exists  in 
a  region  separated  from  the  plains  by 
mountains  requires  that  she  import 
food  supplies  and  lumber.  However. 
it  is  expected  that  her  engineering 
and  railroad  projects  will  soon  make 
available  the  products  of  the  plains. 

One  loan  bill  for  the  appropriation 
of  8,700,000  pesos  and  another  for  2,- 
500.009,  were  recently  passed  by  the 
Chamber  of  Deputies  in  Bolivia.     The 


Compiled  for  Pan  Pacific  by  the 
Foreign  Department  of  the  Guar- 
anty Trust  Company  of  Nerv 
York. 


purpose  of  the  first  loan  is  the  con- 
struction of  small  railways  and  the 
improvement  of  the  sanitation  system ; 
the  latter  is  to  be  used  on  the  Yungas- 
Beni  Railway.  The  route  for  the  pro- 
posed railway,  to  run  from  the  city  of 
Puno,  Peru,  around  the  end  of  Lake 
Titicaca  to  Guaqui,  the  Bolivian  port 
on  that  lake,  is  to  be  surveyed  in  the 
near  future.  This  route  will  eliminate 
the  need  of  transshipment  of  goods 
there  and  will  thus  effect  the  lowering 
of  the  freight  rates  from  Mollendo, 
Peru,   to   La  Paz,   Bolivia. 

The  Chamber  of  Deputies  lias  also 
approved  a  general  loan  of  100  million 
pesos  for  public  works,  sanitation  and 
railways. 

— o — 

BRITISH  INDIA 

r  I  MIE  unfavorable  monsoon  which 
-■-  India  experienced  in  the  season 
1918-lf)  resulted  in  a  serious  reduction 
in  all  the  staple  crops,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  tea.  The  total  production 
of  rice  was  36  per  cent  less  than  in 
the  previous  year,  of  wheat  24  per 
cent,  of  jute  22  per  cent  and  of  cotton 
10  per  cent. 

Indian  tanners  are  satisfied  that  the 
export    duty    recentlj<-    imposed    upon 


raw  hides  and  skins  will  be  of  the 
greatest  benefit  to  their  domestic  in- 
dustry. Indian  tanneries  are  develop- 
ing very  rapidly  and  new  concerns  are 
constantly  being  founded.  Many  of 
these  are  important  concerns  with 
strong  financial  backing.  The  largest 
tannery  in  India  will,  when  completed 
in  March,  have  a  daily  capacity  of 
600  hides  by  vegetable  process,  600 
hides  by  chrome,  and  400  skins. 

Several  of  the  tanneries  are  also 
erecting  boot  and  shoe  factories 
equipped  with  the  most  modern  plant 
and  machinery  available.  The  output 
of  the  new  tanneries,  when  completed, 
and  running  at  full  capacity,  will  give 
an  annual  addition  to  India's  pre-war 
tanning  capacitv  of  approximately  2,- 
250,000  hides  and  2,500,000  skins. 

The -following  is  the  revised  list  of 
goods  the  export  of  which  to  all  des- 
tinations is  prohibited  except  by  li- 
cense :  Barley,  bajra,  castor  seed,  grain, 
pig-iron,  jowar,  raw  jute,  kerosene  oil, 
lentils,  linseed,  maize,  paper-making 
materials  including  waste  paper,  waste 
linen,  cotton  and  jute  rags,  pulse,  qui- 
nine, ragi,  rice,  Russian  ruble  notes, 
silver  bullion  and  coin,  uniforms, 
wheat  and  wheat  flour,  and  raw  wood. 
Export  licenses  are  required  for  the 
following  articles  to  all  destinations 
outside  the  TTnited  Kingdom:  Castor 
oil,  cinchona  bark,  cocoanut  oil  and 
linseed  oil;  while  aluminum  ores,  cop- 
ra, cottonseed  oil  and  ground  nut  may 
only  be  shipped  to  British  Empire  des- 
tinations. 


RAILWAY   STATION   AT   BOMBAY 


February  1920 


139 


China  is  World's  Largest  Market  for  Cotton  Goods 


WITH  China's  population  of 
400,000,000  persons,  all  wear- 
ing cotton  garments,  there  is  no  doubt 
atout  the  future  of  the  Chinese  cotton 
mill  industry,  provided  it  can  manu- 
facture at  prices  low  enough  to  meet 
competition.  If  every  person  in  China 
could  afford  to  buy  only  one  more  suit 
of  cotton  clothes  a  year,  100,000  ad- 
ditional looms  and  2,000,000  spindles 
would  be  required  to  produce  the 
needed  cloth.  We  must  not,  however, 
be  carried  away  by  these  estimates,  as 
a  large  share,  of  the  cotton  cloth  now 
used  in  China  is  made  on  hand  looms 
by  household  industry. 

Nevertheless,  there  is  ample  room 
for  the  expansion  of  the  cotton  mill 
industry,  as  China  has  at  present  only 
1,250,000     spindles     and     7,000     looms, 


while  Great  Britain,  with  only  45,000,- 
000  people,  has  58,000,000  spindles  and 
1,000,000  looms. 

The  great  danger  is  competition  from 
other  lands,  unless  China  can  rely  on 
adequate  supplies  of  fuel,  cotton  and 
skilled  operatives.  The  cost  of  coal 
has  been  advancing  steadily  owing  to 
the  high  freight  rates,  and  the  remedy 
is  the  development  of  the  Chinese 
mines.  It  is  necessary,  also,  to  encour- 
age Chinese  farmers  to  adopt  better 
methods  of  cultivation,  obtain  a  longer 
staple  by  seed  selection  and  to  raise 
larger  crops. 

Perhaps  the  most  important  measure 
is  the  care  of  the  workmen  by  pro- 
viding comfortable  houses,  education, 
medical  attendance,  athletics  and  cluos. 


Without  these  operatives  are  likely  to 
become  a  rough  class,  untrained,  and 
a  danger  to  the  district.  There  are 
needed  men  for  foremen  and  managers, 
and  it  would  be  a  good  plan  to  send 
selected  young  Chinese  to  work  in  for- 
eign mills  and  to  attend  technical 
schools   in   other   countries. 

The  success  of  cotton  factories  of 
any  kind  depends  upon  the  managers 
and  foremen,  and  few  Chinese  have 
had  the  necessary  experience,  except 
those  trained  in  mills  under  foreign 
supervision.  The  Chinese  have  a  good 
share  of  the  personality,  physical  fit- 
ness, common  sense  and  determination 
necessary  for  success,  but  need  more 
specialized  ability  and  general  knowl- 
edge. 


A  serious  shortage  exists  of  office 
:uh1  living  accommodations  in  the  prin- 
cipal trade  centers  of  India,  and  Amer- 
ican manufacturers  intending  to  es- 
tablish themselves  there  are  advised 
to  make  arrangements  for  such  ac- 
commodations in  advance. 


CHILE 

SBNOB  TOCORNAL  of  the  Chilean 
mission  to  England,  in  discussing 
possible  commercial  and  industrial 
openings  in  Chile,  recently  said  that 
the  greatest  need  industrially  was 
rolling  stock  for  her  railways.  It  was 
the  opinion  of  all  the  members  of  the 
mission  that  arrangements  were  needed 
to  establish  a  regular  service  of  steam- 
ers for  a  belt  route  around  South 
America,  tlie  vessels  to  be  dispatched 
directly  to  South  American  ports,  al- 
ternately up  the  west  coast,  through 
the  canal  and  down  the  Atlantic,  re- 
turning via  the  Strait  of  Magellan  and 
vice  versa. 

The  republic  proposes  to  electrify 
all  the  railways  under  State  control. 
These  include  more  than  3,000  kilo- 
meters of  line  in  use  and  another  2,500 
kilometers  under  construction  or  pro- 
jected. 

The  Chilean  Congress  is  to  appro- 
priate 15  million  pesos  for  the  pur- 
chase of  railroad  material,  a  part  of 
which  is  to  be  used  in  the  improve- 
ment of  the  Chilean  side  of  the  Trans- 
andine  Railway,  where  supplies  will 
be  needed  in  a  few  months. 

Nitrate  shipments  from  Chile  are 
also  to  be  facilitated  by  the  Govern- 
ment. A  new  harbor  to  be  used  ex- 
clusively for  the  export  of  this  fertil- 
izer is  to  be  built  by  a  private  com- 
pany on  the  small  island  of  Chimba, 
north  of  Antofagasta.  The  Govern- 
ment has  leased  the  island  to  conces- 
sionaires who  are  obliged  to  construct 
a  branch  line  to  connect  with  the  An- 
tofagasta-Bolivia   Railroad. 

According  to  the  terms  of  the  cur- 
rency conversion  bill  recently  passed 
by  the  Chamber  of  Deputies  of  Chile, 


the  value  of  the  peso  is  fixed  at  12 
pence  gold  and  a  central  bank  is  to  be 
created  to  handle  the  conversion  of 
the  currency  to  a  gold  standard  and 
to  issue  bills  against  gold  deposits. 
— o — 
CHINA 

CONTINUANCE  of  the  boycott  of 
Japanese  goods  should  stimulate 
the  trade  in  American  notions.  There 
is  a  good  potential  market  for  Amer- 
ican needles,  thread,  mercerized  cot- 
ton yarn,  dress  snaps,  long  cloth,  em- 
broidery, crochet  cotton,  knitting  yarn 
and  silk  ribbons.  Small  wares — such 
us  pen-knives,  pencils,  erasers,  cheap 
lamps,  storm  lanterns — should  find  a 
ready  sale. 

China  has  need  of  manufactured 
goods  of  cotton,  such  as  sheeting,  tow- 
els, underwear,  socks,  and  handker- 
chiefs ;  of  wool,  such  as  blankets, 
stockings,  gloves,  shirts,  underwear, 
mufflers ;  knitting  wools  and  yarn ;  of 
silk,  such  as  half  hose,  table  covers, 
handkerchiefs,  trimmings  and  laces. 

Attention  of  manufacturers  of  cot- 
ton-spinning machinery  is  called  to  the 
possibilities  for  developing  the  trade 
in  Chinese  sheepskins.  The  skins  are 
used  for  covering  small  rollers  over 
which  the  cotton  thread  passes.  Japan 
appreciates  China's  resources  in  this 
commodity,  as  is  evidenced  by  her  im- 
portation from  China  of  1,660  pieces  in 
1013  and  687,000  in  1916.  Japan  con- 
tinues to  take  about  60  per  cent  of  the 
republic's  total  trade  in  sheepskins. 

The  hand-made  lace  industry  in 
China  has  grown  appreciably  during 
the  last  two  years.  Government  sta- 
tistics show  exports  of  hand-made  lace 
in  1017  amounting  in  value  to  $553,- 
000;  in  1918,  to  more  than  $1,097,000. 
In  general,  European  methods  have 
been  employed  and  designs  copied  to 
meet  the  requirements  of  non-Asiatic 
markets.  Most  of  the  work  is  done 
by  Chinese  women  in  their  homes. 

Various  agencies  report  that  Chi- 
nese laeemakers  wrish  to  use  American 
thread  hut  the  quantity  we  have  sent 


them  has  been  negligible.  A  recent 
news  item  mentions  the  formation  of 
a  company  with  a  capital  of  £400,000 
for  the  manufacture  in  Shanghai  of 
fine  threads.  There  is  so  persistent  a 
demand  for  cluny,  filet,  and  Irish  lace, 
in  the  making  of  which  the  Chinese 
are  expert,  that  it  is  thought  resump- 
tion of  the  lace-making  industry  in 
Europe  wlil  not  affect  adversely  the 
growth  of  this  industry  in  China. 

A  demand  for  asbestos  products, 
chiefly  for  steam  pipe  insulation,  is 
reported.  Among  the  products  needed 
are  asbestos  millboard  for  packing 
joints,  asbestos  plaster  cement  and  as- 
bestos meal. 

The  high  price  of  foreign  indigo  has 
resulted  in  a  revival  of  domestic  pro- 
duction. It  is  reported  that  in  one 
province  native  indigo  will  be  exempt 
from  taxation  for  three  years.  Plant- 
ing has  been  increased  and  this  year's 
yield  is  expected  to  be  large.  If  pro- 
duction continues  to  improve,  the  im- 
port trade  may  be  seriously  affected. 

The  aniline  dye  market  in  Swatow 
is  reviving.  The  Chinese  are  expect- 
ing that  German  dyes  at  low  prices 
will  be  available.  American  manufac- 
turers are  urged  to  standardize  their 
production  for  the  Chinese  market. 
The  trade  is  thought  to  be  well  worth 
cultivating. 

A  market  for  crude  oil  engines  of 
from  4  to  60  horsepower  and  adapted 
to  the  operation  of  all  kinds  of  ma- 
chinery is  reported  from  the  Canton 
district. 

The  first  power  laundry  in  Shanghai 
is  to  be  completed  in  January.  Amer- 
ican machinery  is  being  installed. 

A  three-year  program  for  the  inaug- 
uration in  Shanghai  of  a  railless  elec- 
tric car  freight  service  is  reported. 
The  cars  will  be  equipped  to  run 
either  by  power  from  overheard  trol- 
ley wires  or  by  batteries.  The  build- 
ing of  steel  bridges  over  Soochow 
Creek  is  included  in  the  plan. 

A  modern  hotel  is  being  erected  in 
Peking  by  French   interests.     Peking 


140 


Pan    Pacific 


is  believed  to  offer  an  opportunity  for 
the  erection  of  a  new  American  hotel 
and  a  modern  apartment  house. 

A  program,  extending  over  a  period 
of  seven  years,  provides  for  the  im- 
provement of  the  Keeluug  harbor.  The 
accommodation  capacity  of  the  water 
front  will  be  increased  to  a  capacity 
of  2,500,000  tons  and  moorings  will 
be  extended  to  afford  anchorage  for 
twenty-five  ships. 

— o — 
COLOMBIA 

COLOMBIA,  as  a  result  of  her 
prosperous  condition,  is  pushing 
forward  various  projects  of  great  im- 
portance. A  tunnel,  to  be  built  by 
the  Antioquia  Railway,  is  to  extend 
3,760  meters  in  length  and  to  pass 
through  La  Quiebra  Mountain.  The 
estimated  cost  is  $2,000,000  gold  and 
American  companies  are  invited  to 
submit   bids   for  this  project. 

The  River  San  Jorge  is  to  be  made 
available  for  coal  transport,  which  will 
enable  the  enormous  deposits  at  Playa 
Rica  to  be  worked.  These  deposits  are 
said  to  be  workable  with  comparative 
ease  and  with  little  expense.  The  Con- 
gress of  the  republic  has  authorized 
the  acquisition  of  a  fleet  of  six  air- 
planes for  military  use  and  four  oth- 
ers  for  regular  service. 

A  new  and  complete  cotton  mill  is 
to  be  established  in  Manizales,  Colom- 
bia, by  local  capitalists.  The  factory 
is  to  include  both  a  yarn  spinning  and 
a  dyeing  plant.  The  promoters  of  this 
firm  have  interests  in  a  similar  plant 
in  Medellin,  Colombia,  and  are  there- 
fore acquainted  with  American  textile 
machinery.  A  company  has  been 
formed  to  open  up  the  "Dique,"  a 
canal  connecting  the  Bay  of  Cartagena 
with  the  Magdalena  River.  Several 
towns  of  the  Simu  district  are  starting 
electric  light  plants. 

— o — 
ECUADOR 
T7*  CUADOR  is  now  presenting  an 
■*-'  excellent  market  for  American 
goods  due  to  the  fact  that  all  stocks 
of  foreign  commodities  are  exceeding- 
ly low  and  that  the  heavy  exportations 
of  cocoa  have  augmented  the  cash  bal- 
ances abroad  in  favor  of  this  country 
to  the  highest  point  yet  reached. 

Tn  particular  there  are  opportunities 
to  supply  clothing  for  the  army  and 
police,  drugs  for  hospitals,  paper  for 
public  offices  and  for  the  telegraph 
and  postal  services.  Other  goods  in 
connection  with  which  contracts  might 
be  secured  are  mail  sacks,  stationery, 
school  requisites,  text  books,  maps, 
government  forms,  stamps,  etc. 

Ecuador  is  a  good  potential  market 
for  the  sale  of  farming  machinery,  ma- 
chinery for  cleaning  cocoa,  coffee  and 
rice  hnllers.  small  sugar  mills,  oil  mills, 
reapers  and  binders.  There  is  a  ten- 
dency to  install  small  electric  light  and 
power  systems,  water  works,  etc.  The 
plan   of  giving  public   demonstrations 


Desire  of  East  Indies 

To  Trade  With  America 


By   11.    A.   STATICS   VAN   DAALEX 

r  I  MIE  opportunity  to  intrench  in  the 
-*-  large  markets  of  the  Dutch  East 
Indies  is  at  hand.  The  demand  for 
American  goods  which  came  when  the 
war  eliminated  Europe  is  now  sup- 
ported by  a  desire  on  the  part  of  the 
East  Indian  people  to  hold  the  new 
American  buyers  to  their  produce,  as 
they  find  that  they  are  securing  higher 
prices  for  it  ever  since  American  buy- 
ers came  directly  to  their  market. 

As  the  Indies'  position  is  not  tena- 
ble unless  they  in  turn  continue  their 
purchases  of  manufactured  products 
in  the  American  market,  they  are  pre- 
pared to  do  so,  placing  orders  here 
with  those  manufacturers  who  by  their 
judicious  sales  management  warrant 
their  patronage.  Manufacturers  should 
not  neglect  that  really  desirable  mar- 
ket, having  a  population  nearly  half 
that  of  the  United  States.  Attention 
is  called  to  the  existing  regular  ser- 
vice of  freight  and  passenger  steam- 
ships with  the  Dutch  East  Indies  from 
America  and  the  limited  variation  in 
Dutch  exchange  and  negligible  loss  in 
its  rate. 

The  attainment  by  the  American 
manufacturer  of  a  position  in  the  front 
rank  in  the  Dutch  East  Indies  and  the 
maintenance  of  the  confidence  of  that 
discriminating  but  loyal  public  re- 
quires the  utmost  care  in  the  selection 
of  the   proper   medium   to   further   his 


interests.  Lack  of  proper  representa- 
tion in  the  Dutch  East  Indies  will 
cause  great  loss  in  time  and  prestige 
as  well  as  expense. 

The  total  exports  of  the  Xetherland 
Bast  Indian  Archipelago  in  1913  were 
$273,578,400.  and  imports  $197,330,400. 
America  absorbed  $5,332,400  of  its  ex- 
ports and  supplied  $3,613,200  of  its 
imports,  while  in  1917  the  Archipelago 
exported  in  all  $317,291,600,  of  which 
America  absorbed  $80,032,000,  the 
Archipelago  importing  from  all  sources 
in  that  year  $198,476,000,  America  sup- 
plying $24,236,800  and  Japan  mainly 
and  Australia  next  most  of  the  remain- 
ing $173,437,200  of  imports. 

liefore  the  war  Holland.  England 
and  Germany  were  the  principal  cus- 
tomers, supplying  in  return  the 
greater  part  of  requirements  in  mer- 
chandise, Germany  then  being  the 
largest  supplier.  It  was  only  when 
the  Avar  rendered  trade  with  those 
three  countries  impossible  that  the 
Archipelago  turned  to  America.  Japan 
and  Australia  for  its  supplies,  and  at 
the  same  time  America  became  the 
largest  direct  consumer.  The  Archipel- 
ago was  quick  to  realize  that  this 
THREE— PAX  PACIFIC 
brought  new  and  powerful  buyers  of 
its  produce,  thus  greater  prosperity, 
in  return  for  which  the  Dutch  East  In- 
dies are  prepared  to  maintain  their 
new  position  as  greater  buyers  of 
American  manufacturers. 


is  effective  in  the  promotion    of    such 
sales. 

An  American  company  is  said  to  be 
contemplating  the  inauguration  of  pas- 
senger and  freight  services  by  air- 
planes between  Santa  Rosa  and  the 
mines  at  Portobello.  Xegotiations  have 
just  been  closed  with  the  Sindicato 
Chileno-Ecuatoriano  which  is  expected 
to  effect  the  beginning,  in  the  near 
future,  of  the  work  on  the  long  pro- 
posed Puerto  Bolivar-Lojo  Railroad. 
This  route  is  of  special  importance  as 
it  will  open  up  extensive  coal  deposits 
known  to  exist  in  this  region,  and  will 
help  promote  the  cattle  industry  of 
which  Lojo  is  the  center. 

— o — 
JAPAN 

r  I  MIE  Japanese  Government  will 
-■-  place  Commercial  Commissioners 
in  foreign  cities  to  further  the  expan- 
sion of  Japanese  trade  throughout  the 
world. 

Plans  are  under  way  for  the  estab- 
lishment of  an  American  Chamber  of 
Commerce  in  Kobe.     There   are   more 


than  forty  American    and    semi-Amer- 
ican firms  in  the  city. 

The  Japan  Hydro-Electric  Company 
has  recently  been  formed  at  Yokohama 
with  a  reported  capital  of  50,000.000 
yen.  It  aims  to  supply  not  only  local 
industries  but  those  in  adjacent  dis- 
tricts with  motive  power.  Two  years 
will  be  required  for  the  carrying  out 
of  the  plans. 

The  China  Industrial  Development 
Company,  having  a  reputed  capital  of 
10.000,000  yen,  is  being  promoted  by 
business  men  in  Tokyo,  Osaka,  Kyoto 
and  Kobe  to  aid  in  the  development 
of  industries  in  China. 

The  Board  of  Trade  Journal  reports 
that  Japanese  cotton  spinners  are  es- 
tablishing factories  in  Tientsin  and 
Tsingtao  as  a  result  of  the  revision 
of  the  Chinese  tariff.  American  ma- 
chinery will  be  installed  during  the 
coming  year.  The  establishment  of 
these  factories,  together  with  that  of 
similar  mills  in  Shanghai  under  Japa- 
nese management,  will  make  it  difficult 
to  obtain  supplies  of  Chinese  raw  cot 
ton  in  Japan. 


Japanese  manufacturers  of  soda  and 
bleaching  powder  have  petitioned  the 
Government  to  place  new  tariff  regu- 
lations on  these  commodities  to  afford 
protection  against  American  and  Brit- 
ish competition.  The  present  import 
duties  on  caustic  soda  are  specific,  at 
a  rate  of  70  sen  per  100  kin,  or  53 
sen  per  100  pounds.  The  manufactur- 
ers' plea  is  for  ad  valorem  duties  at  a 
fixed  rate  of  25  per  cent. 

A  Japanese  authority  prophesies  the 
continuance  of  the  high  price  of  cot- 
ton yarn  until  machinery  now  on  or- 
der shall  have  been  installed.  Such 
machinery  will  increase  the  output  of 
cotton  yarn  by  50,000  or  60,000  bales 
and  will  go  far  to  meet  the  local  de- 


Japan's  Electric  Power 

THE  cheapness  of  electric  power  in 
Japan,  which  has  ^een  one  of  the 
factors  in  its  rapid  industrial  develop- 
ment, is  shown  by  the  fact  that  even 
after  a  recent  raise  in  rates  by  the 
Nagoya  Electric  Light  Company,  which 
supplies  the  larger  industrial  companies 
of  Nagoya  with  electric  current,  the 
prices  will  range  from  only  0.8  cent 
to  1.3  cents  per  kilowatt-hour.  This 
raise  is  supposed  to  operate  for  a  pe- 
riod of  two  years  and  supersedes  the 
former  rates,  ranging  from  0.5  cent  to 
1  cent  per  kilowatt-hour. 


mand.  Should  the  Government  de- 
bate the  currency  or  abandon  the  im- 
port duty  on  manufactured  cotton 
goods,  the  price  of  yarn  would  auto- 
matically fall. 

Seven  million  yen  are  to  expended 
during  the  coming  year  for  the  im- 
provement of  the  harbors  of  Nagasaki 
and  Nagoya. 

An  association  of  Japanese  manu- 
facturers of  condensed  milk  has  been 


HARVESTING    RICE    IN    PHILIPPINES 


organized  for  protection  against  for- 
eign competition  at  home  and  abroad. 
The  Japan  Advertiser  states  that  the 
annual  production  of  the  Empire  has 
reached  1,200,000  cases  of  four  dozen 
cans  each  and  that  by  1920  this  figure 
will  have  increased  by  probably  30 
per  cent. 

The  reduction  of  hours  of  labor  in 
Japan  is  expected  to  revolutionize  Ja- 
panese industry.  Very  large  orders 
for  modern  machinery,  especially  tex- 
tile machinery,  have  already  been 
given  American  and  Britsh  manufac- 
turers. Japanese  investigators  are 
now  in  America  inspecting  American- 
made  machinery  of  various  types. 
— o — 
THE  PHILIPPINES 
r  I  MIK  Philippine-American  Chamber 
M-  of  Commerce,  Inc.,  was  organized 
in  Xew  York  December  11  for  the  pro- 
motion and  protection  of  the  commer- 
cial relations  between  the  Philippine 
Islands  and  the  United  States.  The 
principal  office  of  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce will  be  in  New  York  City. 

Full  return  of  Philippine  foreign 
trade  for  the  year  ended  June  30,  1919. 
have  recently  been  made  available. 
Trade  conditions  during  the  second 
half  of  the  year  were  less  favorable 
than  during  the  first  and  noticeably 
less  favorably  than  during  the  latter 
part  of  the  war  period.  However, 
because  of  high  prices,  values  of 
both  imports  and  exports  are  in  ex- 
cess of  those  of  the  previous  year. 

The  machinery  trade,  largely  in  oil- 
extracting  and  sugar  machinery,  has 
much  more  than  held  its  own  and  is 
now  and  will  doubtless  continue  to  be 
of  importance  in  the  trade  of  the  Isl- 


ands. The  trade  in  cotton  textiles, 
which  was  very  heavy  in  1918,  declined 
sharply.  Imports  of  rice  were  some- 
what less  in  quantity,  though  greater 
in  value  by  more  than  $2,000,000,  than 
those  of  1918.  The  rice  situation  in 
the  Philippines,  as  well  as  in  the  rest 
of  the  Orient,  is  still  acute. 

The  export  trade,  though  exceeding 
in  value  that  of  1918,  gave  evidence  of 
the  reaction  of  the  armistice  period. 
Hem])  and  cocoanut  oil  the  two  chief 
exports,  declined  in  both  price  and 
quantity.  The  copra  trade,  which  be- 
fore the  war  placed  the  Philippines 
among,  the  world's  largest  copra  pro- 
ducers  for   export,   during   the  second 


To  Aid  Tea  Industry 

INDICATIONS  are  that  the  Chinese 
Government  intends  to  make  every 
effort  to  encourage  the  tea  industry  in 
that  country  and  to  increase  China's 
tea  trade  with  foreign  countries,  and 
the  Pekin  Cabinet  recently  decided  to 
establish  a  tea  bureau  under  the  Min- 
istry of  Agriculture  and  Commerce.  It 
is  stated  that  the  tea  industry  of 
China  is  not  keeping  pace  with  the 
world's  increasing  consumption  of  tea, 
and  while  uhina  is  still  holding  its 
trade  in  the  finer  qualities  India  and 
Ceylon  have  practically  captured  the 
market  from  China  as  to  the  common 
black  teas. 


half  of  1918-1919  forced  the  Islands 
into  importation  of  copra.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  armistice,  though  de- 
clining freight  rates  and  release  of 
tonnage,  stimulated  the  sugar  trade. 
High  grade  sugars  are  being  pro- 
duced in  increasing  quantity,  centri- 
fugals furnishing  about  27  per  cent  of 
the  total  volume  of  sugar  exported 
during  the  year. 


142 


Pan    Pacific 


New  Germany  in  the  World's  Markets 

Will  Bear  Watching-Says  C.  L  dandier 


HTVHE  new  Germany  in  the  world 
■*■  markets  merely  has  to  take  up 
some  of  the  permanent  foundations  es- 
tablished before  the  war  in  order  to 
become  a  most  active  and  persistent 
competitor  of  the  United  States,  ac- 
cording to  Charles  Lyon  Chandler, 
manager  of  the  foreign  trade  depart- 
ment of  the  Corn  Exchange  National 
Bank  of  Philadelphia,  who  from  1905 
to  1914  lived  in  many  of  the  competi- 
tive markets  of  the  world  and  per- 
sonally investigated  trade  conditions 
from  the  American  point  of  view. 

An  analysis  of  what  Germany  was 
doing  in  South  America  before  the 
war,  said  Mr.  Chandler,  is  the  labora- 
tory test  of  what  Germany  was  capable 
of  doing. 

As  late  as  September,  1918,  the 
American  Consul  General  at  Buenos 
Aires  stated  that  62  per  cent  of  the 
agencies  of  American  goods  there  were 
in  the  hands  of  foreigners.  One  Ger- 
man firm  represented  no  less  than 
fifty-three  American  articles. 
Germans  As  Agents 
For  American  Goods 

"It  is  all  very  well  for  us  to  read 
Pan-American  literature  here  in  the 
United  States, ' '  he  said,  ' '  but  when  we 
investigated  matters  on  the  spot  we 
found  hundreds  of  Germans  were  mak- 
ing a  satisfactory  living  from  their 
commissions  on  American  articles. 

"Many  of  the  Germans  in  Argentina 
occupied  positions  in  the  life  of  the 
country  such  as  no  American  enjoyed. 
Large  numbers  of  German  teachers  oc- 
cupied important  positions  in  every 
phase  of  the  Argentine  educational 
world,  particularly  in  almost  .every 
branch  of  scientific  and  educational 
education. 

"Photographs  of  German  locomo- 
tives and  machinery  adorned  the  walls 
of  the  National  Industrial  School  in 
Buenos  Aires.  There  is  not  a  single 
American  citizen  teaching  in  the  Na- 
tional University  of  Buenos  Aires  and 
the  number  of  Germans  employed  by 
the  Argentine  Government  is  from  five 
to  six  times  greater  than  those  from 
the  United  States. 

Even   U.    S.    Consuls 
Were  German  Taught 

"Prom  1897  to  1905  the  United 
States  Consuls  General  at  Rio  de  Ja- 
neiro and  Buenos  Aires,  our  two  most 
important  South  American  Consular 
posts,  were  both  German-Americans, 
born  in  Germany,  neither  of  whom 
could  speak  English  correctly,  whose 
affiliations  and  associations  were  en- 
tirely with  the  German  community  and 


as  little  as  possible  with  the  country 
they  represented. 

"We  had  no  Consul  at  Sao  Paulo, 
the  second  largest  city  in  Brazil,  until 
1915  and  none  in  the  whole  of  South- 
ern Brazil  until  1916.  The  Germans 
had  one  at  Sao  Paulo  at  a  salary  of 
$15,000  a  year.  The  average  citizen 
saw  the  German  shops,  German  busi- 
ness, German  banks  and  German  trade 
on  every  side.  He  saw  no  American 
bank  until  November  10,  1914,  when 
the  National  City  Bank  opened  its 
first  foreign  branch  in  Buenos  Aires. 
His  child  went  to  a  German  school, 
taught  by  professors  trained  in  Ger- 
many. If  he  wished  to  buy  an  Amer- 
ican article,  in  nine  cases  out  of  ten 
it  was  bought  through  Germans.  A 
German  bank  loaned  him  money  on 
his  crops — had  been  loaning  it  to  him 
for  thirty  years.  If  he  wished  to  go 
to  Europe  he  found  a  German  steamer, 
magnificently  equipped,  sailing  weekly. 

"Take  other  countries.  Formerly  the 
first  sight  to  be  seen  on  arriving  at  a 
Chinese  port  was  a  magnificent  Ger- 
man Consulate.  It  was  not  until  1906 
that  the  United  States  sent  a  corps  of 
student  interpreters  to  Japan  to  study 
the  language  and  customs  and  to  be- 
come part  of  the  Consular  Service  for 
Japan.  Germany  had  had  such  a  ser- 
vice twenty  years  before. 

German     Consulates 
Always    Impressive 

"What  has  this  got  to  do  with  the 
new  Germany?  It  is  my  belief  that 
the  new  Germany  in  world  markets 
has  merely  to  take  up  the  many  of 
these  permanent  foundations  which  she 
still  has  abroad  to  become  a  most  ac- 
tive and  persistent  and  steady  com- 
petitor of  the  United  States  in  the 
long  run.  Many  things  have  occurred 
recently  to  illustrate  my  meaning. 

"Take  the  German  law  relating  to 
citizenship.  According  to  the  Delbru- 
eck  law  of  1913,  a  German  can  main- 
tain citizenship  in  any  foreign  coun- 
try without  losing  his  German  na- 
tionality. I  know  of  instance  after  in- 
stance of  Germans  who  are  posing  as 
Americans,  and  who  have  in  this  man- 
ner secured  important  American  agen- 
cies to  keep  themselves  afloat  during 
the  war  and  now,  that  the  war  is  over, 
they  are  turning  back  to  Germany  as 
fast  as  they  can,  and  are  having  a 
laugh  at  the  fool  Yankees  who  con- 
fided in  them. 

"I  know  of  the  case  of  a  German 
who  came  to  this  country  several 
years  before  the  war  and  took  a  num- 
ber  of   agencies   for  American   goods 


with  which  he  traveled  about  South 
America.  He  always  posed  as  an 
American,  and  after  the  United  States 
went  into  the  war  he  glorified  in  every 
German  success.  During  the  day  he 
pretended  to  be  an  American,  while 
at  night  he  would  praise  the  Kaiser 
and  gloat  over  the  sinking  of  Amer- 
ican vessels. 

American    Manufacturers 
Declared    Too    Credulous 

"The  credulity  of  the  American 
manufacturer  in  regard  to  such  per- 
sons seems  to  be  limitless.  They  pose 
as  experts  in  foreign  countries  and 
claim  to  have  exhaustive  trade  infor- 
mation. From  now  on  these  Germans 
will  do  their  utmost  to  get  back  Ger- 
many's trade  by  securing  agencies  in 
this  country  which  they  will  take 
abroad,  and  then  throw  over  the 
American  manufacturers  for  the  ben- 
efit of  the  Germans.  They  will  leave 
no  stone  unturned  to  secure  employ- 
ment from  our  exporters,  from  our 
banks,  and  from  every  place  that  will 
give  them  a  hold,  be  it  ever  so  slight, 
on  our  foreign  trade,  just  as  they  did 
in  England  during  the  thirty  years 
before  1914. 

"While  the  German  loss  of  terri- 
tory during  the  war  might  at  first 
seem  to  indicate  a  very  serious  perma- 
nent loss  of  raw  materials  and  skilled 
workmen,  a  closer  analysis  of  this 
matter  and  a  knowledge  of  the  meth- 
ods used  by  the  Germans  in  peaceful 
penetration  of  the  European  neutral 
countries  lead  me  to  believe  that  this 
loss  to  Germany  may  not  be  as  serious 
as  would  seem  at  first  sight. 

"What  kind  of  a  Germany  will 
there  be  to  compete  in  world  markets? 
A  Germany  whose  nationally  organized 
efficiency  has  been  fearfully  and  won- 
derfully distorted.  A  Germany  no 
longer  united  at  home.  A  Germany 
whose  competitors  can  truthfully  say 
that  they  love  her  for  the  enemies  she 
has  made.  A  Germany  where  wages 
have  risen  almost  more  than  raw  ma- 
terials; where  every  industry  must  be 
rebuilt  on  a  different  basis  than  be- 
fore. A  Germany  which  must  resort 
to  camouflage  of  the  worst  kind  to 
regain  her  position. 

"But  the  other  side  of  the  picture 
should  be  studied.  The  German  is  a 
fierce  hater.  He  knows  he  must  get 
his  revenge  through  foreign  trade.  We 
must  never  underrate  our  competitors. 
He  has  advantages  such  as  some  of  us 
do  not  seem  to  appreciate.  His  repre- 
sentatives abroad  even  during  the  war 
were  better  paid  than  ours  He  is  a 
hard,  steady  worker." 


February  1920 


145 


Japan  Mail  Steamship  Dividends  of  One  Hundred  Per  Cent 


BABON  B.  KONDO,  president  of 
the  Nippon  Yusen  Kaisha,  who 
recently  returned  to  Japan  after  visit- 
ing London,  New  York  and  other  com- 
mercial centers,  at  the  semi-annual 
general  meeting  of  the  shareholders  of 
the  Nippon  Yusen  Kaisha  (Japan  Mail 
Steamship  Company)  said  that  al- 
though profits  of  the  company  for  the 
last  term  ending  October  31,  1919, 
were  smaller  than  the  previous  six 
months  he  was  glad  to  be  able  to 
recommend  that  the  sharenolders  re- 
ceive a  50  per  cent  dividend,  utilizing 
13,000,000  yen  held  in  reserve  to  cover 
high  rates  of  war  time  charter. 

President  Kondo  considered  it  an  op- 
portune time  to  readjust  large  reserves 


for  war  risk  and  depreciation  of  ves- 
sels, and  he  recommended  in  audition 
to  the  dividend  of  50  per  cent,  an  ad- 
ditional bonus  of  50  per  cent  on  shares, 
making  a  total  of  100  per  cent  divi- 
dend to  shareholders,  oe  given. 

He  also  added  that  although  the 
world  tonnage  is  fast  increasing,  the 
uemand  for  additional  tonnage  is  still 
brisk  notwithstanding  the  fact  that 
the  greater  part  of  the  world  is  har- 
assed by  congestion  and  labor  troubles, 
all  of  which  is  minimizing  efficiency. 

The  Nippon  Yusen  Kaisha,  it  was 
stated,  established  many  new  services 
during  the  war  and  is  coming  to  an 
understanding  in  connection  with  Liv- 
erpool,   Calcutta    and    New   York    ser- 


vices. Being  a  member  of  many  Con- 
ference .uines,  no  serious  competition 
or  trouble  is  anticipated,  everything 
tending  toward  working  in  harmony 
with  other  influential  steamship  compa- 
nies. 

Baron  Konuo  confirmed  the  report 
that  in  oruer  to  meet  the  requirements 
an  extensive  building  program  has  been 
decided  upon,  which  will  include  seven 
or  eight  large  passenger  steamships, 
and  fifty  or  sixty  cargo  steamships,  a 
portion  of  which  are  already  under 
way.  It  is  not  intended  to  increase 
the  capital  of  the  company  but  to  meet 
the  increased  outlay  with  reserve  funds 
and  future  earnings. 


First  Ships  Available 

Promised  for  Pacific 


THE  first  ships  available  for  Orien- 
tal service  will  be  allotted  by  the 
United  States  Shipping  Board  to  the 
Pacific  overseas  traffic.  The  first  task 
of  the  Shipping  Board  is  to  provide 
transportation  by  sea  between  the 
United  States  and  South  America.  The 
next  consideration  is  the  transpacific 
traffic. 

This  is  the  assurance  given  by  Judge 
John  Barton  Payne,  chairman  of  the 
Shipping  Board.  Chairman  Payne  de- 
clares for  the  establishment  of  a  per- 
manent American  merchant  marine, 
and  will  bend  every  energy  to  have 
Congress  back  him  up  in  producing 
such  an  establishment. 

The  occasion  on  which  Chairman 
Payne  went  on  record  as  to  these  pur- 
poses was  the  recent  hearing  of  repre- 
sentatives of  every  American  seaport 
on  the  Pacific,  including  the  Philip- 
pines and  Hawaii.  These  representa- 
tives, men  prominent  in  commerce, 
were  united  in  a  plea  for  fast  freight 
and  passenger  ships  to  take  care  of 
the  rapidly  developing  transpacific 
trade,  which  they  urged  for  considera- 
tion and  adopted  by  the  Shipping 
Board. 

Dr.  Paul  S.  Reinsch,  who  recently 
retired  as  Minister  to  China,  was 
spokesman  for  the  appellants.  The 
concrete  suggestion  voiced  by  Dr. 
Reinsch  was  for  the  establishment  as 
soon  as  possible  of  a  two  weeks  ser- 
vice for  passengers  and  freight  to  the 
Orient.  A  three  route  service  to  Vlad- 
ivostok, Kobe  and  Manila  was  pre- 
pared as  the  consensus  of  the  judg- 
ment of  Far  East  traders.  Two  ves- 
sels on  each  route  would  be  necessary 
to  maintain  the  business  that  would 
ordinarily  travel  in  foreign  bottoms. 

Wonderful  opportunities  in  the 
Orient  are  offered  to  American   busi- 


ness, Dr.  Reinsch  declared  in  his 
statement  to  Chairman  Payne.  It  is 
America's  chance,  he  urged,  to  build 
up  a  colossal  trade  in  Asia.  If  the 
United  States  neglects  its  advantages 
of  the  moment  Dr.  Reinsch  was  certain 
that  other  commercial  nations  would 
snatch  at  the  chance  and  wrest  from 
America  the  rewards  of  enterprise. 

China  is  ready  to  work  closely  in 
shipping  efforts  with  the  United 
States.  A  student  of  American  oppor- 
tunities in  China  for  the  eight  years 
of  his  mission,  Dr.  Reinsch  spoke  as  an 
authority  in  asserting  that  at  no  time 
has  the  avenue  been  so  wide  open  as 
now  for  trade  between  China  and  the 
United  States. 

The  lack  of  American  ships  on  the 
Pacific  Dr.  Reinsch  regarded  as  a  mat- 
ter for  grave  national  concern.  For- 
eign shipping  interests  will  seize  the 
traffic,  he  was  certain,  if  the  United 
States  is  not  forward  in  meeting  the 
situation  with  adequate  transportation 
facilities.  American  shipping  inter- 
ests will  then,  he  predicted,  be  obliged 
to  content  themselves  with  nibbling  at 
the  ends  of  the  Pacific  shipping  busi- 
ness. 

The  scaffolding  for  American  com- 
merce has  been  set,  Dr.  Reinsch  indi- 
cated, but  now  requires  the  concrete 
re-enforcement  of  adequate  transpor- 
tation facilities.  Three  American 
banks  with  branches  in  all  parts  of 
China  have  been  established.  A  Chi- 
nese-American bank  organized  by 
prominent  Chinese  and  Americans  has 
opened  its  doors  and  would  open  its 
arms  for  the  American  business  man. 

Charles  C.  Moore,  president  Panama- 
Pacific  International  Exposition,  also 
spoke  in  behalf  of  the  Pacific  delega- 
tion. 


Russian  Volunteer  Fleet 

THE  Eussian  Volunteer  Fleet,  which 
recently  opened  offices  in  San 
Francisco,  has  announced  that  it  has 
four  10,000  ton  ships  ready  for  Pacific 
business.  The  chief  value  of  this 
fleet's  part  in  business  relations  be- 
tween the  two  countries  will  be  that 
it  will  eliminate  the  necessity  for 
shipping  goods  to  Japan,  and  then 
transshipping  them  to  Vladivostok,  or 
other  Siberian  ports.  At  present,  the 
cost  of  shipping  from  Japan  to  Vladi- 
vostok is  very  nearly  equal  to  that  of 
shipping  from  America  to  Japan. 


Radio  Service 

On  the  Pacific 

"G^XCHANGE  of  press  dispatches 
■"■*'  and  commercial  messages  by  ra- 
dio between  California  and  the  Ha- 
waiian Islands,  Guam,  the  Philippines 
and  Japan  on  a  much  more  extensive 
scale  has  become  possible  since  ar- 
rangements recently  completed  by  the 
Navy  Department  became  effective  De- 
cmber  20. 

Through  the  use  of  modern  high 
power,  high  speed  operating  equip- 
ment it  is  estimated  that  it  will  b© 
possible  to  transmit  and  receive  more 
than  100,00  words  a  day  between  Ha- 
waii and  the  Philippines,  200,000 
words  a  day  between  San  Francisco 
and  San  Diego  and  Hawaii  and  about 
a  thousand  words  a  day  on  a  slow 
speed  circuit  between  Hawaii  and 
Japan. 

The  Hawaii-Japan  circuit,  operating 
under  an  arrangement  with  the  Japa- 
nese Government,  is  available  only 
nine  hours  a  day,  and  due  to  the 
necessary  use  of  old  type  slow  speed 
equipment,  will  be  capable  of  hand- 
ling but  about  fifteen  words  a  minute 
at  the  inauguration  of  the  service. 

Rates  on  press  dispatches  over  the 
new  radio  circuits  are  low,  insuring,  in 
the  view  of  officials,  a  widespread  ex- 
change   of   news   between   the   United 

(Continued  on  paee  158) 


Great  Foreign  Trade  Convention 


THE  Pacific  Coast  of  the  United  States  is  the  new  front 
door  of  America.  It  opens  upon  the  world's  largest 
highway  of  commerce.  It  faces  squarely  more  than  half 
of  Earth's  population.  It  is  within  call  of  three-fourths  of 
humankind. 

That  door  will  he  formally,  officially  and  auspiciously 
swung  wide  for  all  to  enter  on  May  12  next.  It  will  be 
forever  unlocked  by  the  Foreign  Trade  Convention  and  the 
key  then  thrown  into  the  ocean  it  henceforth  will  serve. 
That  convention  will  be  in  session  May  12,  13,  14  and  15 
and  though  San  Francisco  will  be  the  scene  of  its  de- 
liberations it  will  belong  to  the  whole  Pacific  Coast  of  the 
United  States. 

Held  under  the  auspices  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade 
Council  it  will  bring  to  this  Coast  the  representatives  of 
Big  Business,  the  Captains  of  Industry  and  the  Generals 
of  Finance  from  every  section  of  the  great  American  re- 
public. It  will,  for  the  first  time,  bring  together  here  men 
of  discernment  and  action  but  who  have  been  raised  in  the 
half-light  of  the  old  pre-war  school  that  recognized  only 
one  front  door  to  America  and  that  one  guarded  by  the 
Statue  of  Liberty.  It  will  collect  together  on  the  doorstep 
of  the  new  world,  powerful  directors  of  commerce,  masters 
of  shipping,  bankers  who  are  just  becoming,  or  about  to 
become,  international. 

And  it  brings  these  leaders    of    progress  and 
prosperity  to  this  Coast  just  at  the  right  time — at 
the  psychological  moment;  at  the  turn  of  the  tide. 
For  the  men  who  will  assemble  in  San  Francisco   on 
May  12  have  been  re-awakened  by  the  Great  Disturbance; 
they  have  seen  the  flash  of  a  new  and  strange  light  and 
that  flash  has  brought  them  westward  that  they  may  see 
more,  may  learn  more,  of  the  mysterious,  wonderful  mine 
of   wealth   whence    the    flash   came 

The  Big  Business  men  of  the  United  States  and  their 
financial  advisers,  the  Big  Bankers  of  the  United  States, 
are  not  coming  west  in  courtesy  to  San  Francisco  or  in 
compliment  to  the  Pacific  Coast.  They  are  hard-headed, 
unsentimental  bargainers  and  traders  and  they  are  coming 
to  find  out  something;  they  are  coming  here  TO  BE 
SHOWN ! 

And  in  this  lies  the  unparalleled  opportunity 
of  the  Pacific  Coast! 
For  this  great  convention,  if  never  before  or  again,  the 
Pacific  Coast  must  get  into  the  SHOW  business.     It  must 
be  ready  to  SHOW  to  the  3,000  business  men  in  attendance 
at  the  convention  these  leading  exhibits: 

That  the  Pacific  Coast  actually  is  the  new  front 
door  to  the  new  world. 

That  the  potential  wealth  of  the  majority  of 
humankind  facing  the  new  front  door  is  far  vaster 
than  at  any  time  was  that  of  the  recently  impover- 
ished minority  facing  the  old  front  door  on  the 
Atlantic. 


That  an  adequate  interchange  of  trade  between 
America  and  Pacific  overseas  countries  can  be 
maintained  only  through  the  ports  of  the  Pacific 
Coast. 

That  to  develop  and  maintain  100  per  cent 
business  with  the  Asiatic  and  Oceanic  storehouses 
of  riches  every  effort  must  be  made  to  obtain  just 
and  equitable  rail  rates  to  Pacific  ports,  ocean 
rates  that  will  meet  all  foreign  competition  and 
above  all  plenty  of  fast  ships  serving  all  Pacific 
ports. 

That  the  time  has  come    for    the    location    of 
great  industries  along  this  Coast,  adjacent  to  the 
principal   ports,    serving    both   the    vast   western 
country  that  still  draws  most  of  its  manufactured 
goods  from  the  distant  Atlantic  Seaboard  and  the 
markets  of  the  Pacific  that  embrace  in  their  im- 
mensity nearly  three-fourths  of  all  mankind. 
These  exhibits  can  be  properly  presented  only  by  thor- 
ough   co-operation   and   organization    of   all    Pacific   Coast 
interests.     To    ensure    an    impressive    demonstration    there 
should     be    preparation,    advance     meetings,     committees 
named,    statistics    compiled,    representatives    delegated    to 
look  after  each  and  every  group  and  class  of  convention 
visitors.     In   this  arrangement   Seattle,   Tacoma,   Portland, 
Los  Angeles  and  other  ports  must  be  given   equal  place, 
duty  and  honor  with  San  Francisco. 

If  the  Pacific  ("oast  makes  the  most  of  its  unprecedented 
opportunity  the  Great  Foreign  Trade  Convention  in  May 
will  usher  in  a  new  era  of  progress  and  prosperity,  not 
only  for  this  Coast  but  for  the  United  States  of  America. 
Such  a  glorious  consummation  is  the  hope  and  the  aspira- 
tion of  Pan  Pacific  magazine  and  to  this  end  the  loyal  and 
unswerving  support  and  co-operation  of  this  magazine  may 
be  counted  upon. 

$      $      * 
EDGE    LAW   IN   OPERATION 

THE  Edge'  Law  is  now  operative.  Its  purpose  is  the 
expansion  of  American  business  in  foreign  fields.  By 
amendment  to  the  Federal  Reserve  Act  it  provides  oppor- 
tunity for  the  establishment  of  banks  to  deal  in  foreign 
securities  and  transact  a  general  foreign  banking  business. 
Whatever  assistance  is  to  be  expected  from  this  measure  is 
now  available  to  those  interested  in  trade  with  other  coun- 
tries, the  values  of  whose  products,  exported  to  this  coun- 
try, are  below  the  value  of  the  goods  sold  to  them.  It  is 
currently  reported  that  producers  and  manufacturers  in  a 
number  of  industries  who  have  already  achieved  a  certain 
co-operation  for  foreign  sales  under  the  terms  of  the  Webb 
law,  have  already  laid  laws  for  the  incorporation  of  bank- 
ing institutions  under  the  Edge  law.  Such  institutions 
will  have  the  power,  under  the  supervision  of  the  Federal 
Reserve  Board,  to  deal  in  notes,  drafts,  checks,  bills  of 
exchange,     acceptances,    including    bankers'    acceptances, 


February   1920 




145 


ill  Open  New  Era  For  This  Coast 


fable  transfers  and  other  evidences  of  indebtedness,  and 
indeed,  as  the  law  says,  "generally  to  exercise  such  powers 
as  are  incidental  to  the  powers  conferred  by  this  act  or 
as  may  be  usual,  in  the  determination  of  the  Federal  Re- 
serve Board,  in  connection  with  the  transaction  of  the 
business  of  banking  or  other  financial  operations  in  the 
countries,  colonies,  dependencies,  or  possessions  in  which 
(they)  shall  transact  business  and  not  inconsistent  with 
the  powers  specifically  granted  herein.'-  That  the  corpora- 
tions so  organized  will  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  operate 
on  some  scale  is  sought  to  be  assured  by  the  provision 
making  $2,000,000  the  minimum  capitalization. 

$       *       * 
ORIENTAL  EXCHANGE  SITUATION 

A  FACTOR  in  the  general  disruption  of  exchange  which 
should  not  be  overlooked  in  any  general  survey  of 
conditions  affecting  trade,  is  the  present  discount  on  the 
dollar  in  several  Oriental  countries,  notably  China  and 
India.  Immense  trade  balances  in  favor  of  those  countries 
have  beeu  piled  up  both  here  and  in  Europe.  The  demand 
has  been  for  payment  in  silver,  and  the  price  of  that  metal 
has  advanced  gradually  to  a  point  which  makes  the  amount 
of  pure  silver  in  an  American  dollar  worth  more  than  the 
face  value  of  the  coin.  Efforts  to  correct  this  condition 
and  save  the  fractional  coins  resulted  in  the  recent  Treas- 
ury decision  to  melt  up  seventy  million  silver  dollars  and 
use  them  for  settling  balances  in  China.  It  is  not  ex- 
pected, however,  that  the  maneuver  will  affect  the  situation 
more   than   temporarily. 

$      $      $ 
CALIFORNIA  FRUITS  ON  PACIFIC 

ACCORDING  to  a  correspondent  who  has  made  a  tour 
of  the  principal  islands  of  the  Pacific  the  United 
States  is  assuming  an  important  position  as  purveyor  of 
"baked  stuffs"  to  the  islands.  The  comparative  nearness 
of  the  Pacific  Coast  and  the  increasing  shipping  service 
from  Pacific  ports  to  the  islands  has  made  this  possible, 
just  as  these  same  factors  are  capable  of  increasing  our 
trade  in  other  directions.  Despite  the  fact  that  all  the 
tropical  islands  produce  their  own  delicious  fruits,  Amer- 
ican evaporated  fruits  are  in  good  demand.  Of  course, 
California  is  particularly  interested  in  these  items,  and  be- 
cause of  her  abundant  supplies,  nearness  to  market  and 
adequate  shipping  facilities,  the  Golden  State  has  little 
competition  to  meet. 

*      $      $ 
OPPOSES  CREDITS  BY  NATION 

IN  his  first  statement  of  policy  since  accepting  the  port- 
folio of  Secretary  of  Commerce  of  the  United  States. 
Joshua  W.  Alexander  said  that,  under  his  administration, 
the  department  would  follow  an  alert  and  aggressive  policy 
in  promoting  foreign  trade.  Tempered  with  its  aggressive- 
ness, the  new  secretary  said,  the  department,  however, 
would  pursue  a  policy  of  fair  play  to  America's  competi- 


tors in  the  foreign  trade  field.  The  United  States,  Mr. 
Alexander  asserted,  must  not  only  exert  itself  in  the  for- 
eign markets  to  which  it  is  accustomed,  but  must  push 
American  goods  in  the  countries  where  little  headway  has 
been  made.  The  government  should  not  be  called  upon 
for  extension  of  credits  to  foreign  countries,  Mr.  Alexander 
said.  Credit,  in  his  opinion,  is  a  matter  for  the  banks  and 
private  concerns  to  furnish.  In  regard  to  the  merchant 
marine,  the  secretary  approved  the  policy  of  the  shipping 
board  that  the  government  should  operate  its  ships  until 
thev  can  be  taken  over  by  American  shipping  interests. 

$  *     $       $ 
WAR   AIDED   JAPANESE   INDUSTRY 

THE  Great  War  has  set  Japan  on  her  feet  industrially. 
Directly  the  war  broke  out  the  country  was  inun- 
dated with  inquiries  from  abroad  for  every  conceivable 
kind  of  goods.  The  result  was  that  everybody  in  Japan 
set  to  and  met  the  demand.  As  if  by  magic  waste  places 
were  covered  in  a  night  by  factories  of  wood  and  shingle. 
Streets  which  hitherto  had  been  barren  and  deserted  be- 
came crowded  with  traffic,  and  so  they  remain  today.  Out 
of  this  confusion  have  developed  permanent  new  industries 
of  many  different  classes.  Some  are  entirely  new  and 
strange,  others  that  have  languished  for  years  have  been 
infused  witli  new  life.  Here  is  a  list  of  goods  Japan  now 
sends  abroad,  which  before  the  war  were  unknown  in  the 
kingdom:  Bleaching  powder,  playing  cards,  celluloid  goods, 
condensed  milk,  flags,  cigarette  paper,  filet  lace,  plants  and 
seeds,  forestry  products,  pulp,  glass,  beads,  rubber  goods, 
tires,  glass  utensils,  soaps,  hosiery,  tinned  goods,  fish  and 
fruit,  lead  pencils,  leather  goods,  toys,  molyodenum,  ver- 
micelli, watch   crystals,  needles,  wicker  trunks  and  paints. 

$       $       $ 
"MADE   IN  AUSTRALIA''   SLOGAN 

AUSTRALIA  has  begun  a  drive  to  hold  the  home  mar- 
ket. From  Sydne3r  comes  the  news  that  with  the 
launching  at  Christmas  time  of  "Made  in  Australia"  Week 
local  shop  windows  displayed  products  bearing  witness  to 
the  strenuous  efforts  of  Australian  manufacturers  to  cap- 
ture and  hold  the  Commonwealth  markets  for  Common- 
wealth goods.  The  war,  shutting  out  enemy  trade  and 
seriously  restricting  trade  with  neutrals  and  even  allies, 
gave  Australian  manufacturers  a  great  opportunity  to  push 
their  own  products.  The  extent  and  variety  of  manufac- 
tures developed  in  large  part  during  the  war  can  be  seen 
in  the  exhibits  of  shoes,  hats,  woolen  goods,  furniture, 
brushes,  building  materials,  pianos,  firearms,  milk  products, 
sugar,  meat  products  and  other  foodstuffs.  Government 
statistics  disclose  that  while  in  1900  there  were  only  3,077 
factories  in  New  South  Wales  employing  60,779  persons  in 
1917  there  were  5,356  establishments  employing  117,997 
workers.  During  the  same  period  wages  increased  from 
about  $25,000,000  to  $70,000,000.  The  value  of  the  goods 
manufactured  last  year  is  placed  at  approximately  $400  - 
000,000. 


146 


Pan     Pacific 


Laying  Foreign  Trade  Ground  Work 

By  Correspondence— Told  by  Dr.  Charles  H.  Raymond 


NOT  very  many  years  ago  a  clerk 
who  was  employed  in  a  railroad 
office  conceived  the  idea  of  attempting 
the  sale  of  watches  by  mail.  He 
started  out  in  a  modest  sort  of  way, 
with  a  mailing  list  of  perhaps  fifty 
names. 

From  the  proceeds  of  the  first  sales 
he  was  able  to  add  to  this  list.  Grad- 
ually he  added  to  the  products  which 
he  had  for  sale.  The  day  came  when 
he  gave  up  his  job  in  the  railroad  of- 
fice and  started  out  for  himself  and 
today  the  organization  which  he 
started  does  an  annual  business  in- 
volving an  income  upwards  of  s|;65,000,- 
000  a  year.  The  sales  amount  to  more 
than  22,000  orders  a  day. 

This  firm,  of  course,  is  just  one  of 
a  number  of  successful  American  mail 
order  houses.  A  competing  firm,  for 
example,  does  business  amounting  to 
a   hundred  million  dollars  a  year. 

The  direct  mail  sales  campaign,  how- 
ever, is  by  no  means  limited  to  mail 
order  houses.  Hundreds  of  Ameri- 
can firms  have  seen  the  advisability 
of  backing  up  the  selling  effort  of 
their  advertising  men,  their  salesmen 
and  their  dealers,  by  the  use  of  the 
sales    letter. 

Good    Business    Letter 
An     Invaluable     Asset 

You  can  sell  goods  by  mail;  that 
principle  is  pretty  well  established.  It 
is  also  established  that  the  business 
letter  is  an  invaluable  asset  to  the 
man  who  recognizes  the  necessity  of 
building  up  good-will,  which  keeps  the 
demand  for  the  finished  product  at  the 
peak. 

Organizations  like  the  Goodyear 
Tire  and  Rubber  Company  build  up 
this  good-will  consistently  by  empha- 
sizing courtesy  and  service  and  qual- 
ity in  the  so-called  routine  letters  of 
business;  that  is  to  say,  the  letters  ac- 
knowledging orders  or  collecting  over- 
due accounts,  answering  complaints, 
extending  credit  or  refusing  credit. 

In  the  foreign  field  the  opportunities 
of  the  efficient  business  correspondent 
are  perhaps  even  greater  than  in  do- 
mestic and  local  fields.  In  the  first 
place,  the  greater  expense,  the  greater 
difficulty  of  travel,  make  it  impossible 
for  the  salesman  to  keep  in  close  touch 
with  his  customer  and  to  follow  up  as 
closely  as  he  should,  inquiries  which 
result  from  his  advertisements. 

So  the  sales  letter,  whether  it  is  sent 
out  by  the  manufacturer,  by  the 
dealer  or  by  the  salesman  himself,  or 
by  the  wholesale  importer,  is  just 
about  the  most  effective  means  of  fill- 
ing this  gap. 

The  routine  letter,  too,  has  an  added 
significance  in  foreign  trade.  The  con- 


Dr.  Charles  H.  Raymond  of  the 
Department  of  English,  University 
of  California,  is  a  specialist  in 
commercial  correspondence,  and  his 
article  herewith  is  calculated  to  be 
of  service  to  foreign  traders  who 
plan  to  "feel  out"  new  territory  by 
mail. 


tact  between  the  customer  and  the 
manufacturer  is  a  distant  one.  If 
good-will  is  built  up  at  all  it  has  to 
be  built  up  by  means  of  letters. 

Then,  too,  in  the  foreign  field  there 
is  an  added  necessity  for  complete- 
ness and  for  accuracy  in  business  let- 
ters. A  day  or  a  month  or  six  weeks 
or  longer  may  elapse  between  the  time 
that  you  write  a  letter  and  the  time 
that  you  receive  your  answer. 

If  you  don't  give  the  man  in  South 
America  all  the  information  that  he 
desires  the  chances  are  that  he  will 
purchase  from  your  competitors  rather 
than  wait  the  time  that  would  have 
to  elapse  before  his  second  inquiry  to 
you  could  be  answered. 

The  question  arises,  then,  as  to  how 
the  foreign  correspondent  is  to  take 
advantage  of  the  opportunities  which 
are  open  to  him.  In  the  first  place 
he  is  able  to  do  this  by  following 
rigorously  the  principles  underlying 
good  business  correspondence. 

These  principles  are  of  compara- 
tively recent  development.  We  can 
all  remember  when  business  letters 
consisted  pretty  largely  of  certain 
stereotyped  and  hackneyed  expres- 
sions; when  there  was  no  attempt  to 
put  into  the  letter  the  elements  of  a 
personal  communication. 

Can  Talk  By  Mail 
To    Far    Customer 

It  was  not  realized  that  a  man 
can  talk  by  mail  to  a  customer  five 
thousand  miles  away  in  pretty  much 
the  same  sort  of  words  he  would  use 
if  that  man  were  seated  before  him  at 
his  desk. 

"We  thank  you  for  your  kind  favor 
of  the  10th  instant;"  or,  "Your  kind 
favor  of  the  sixth  instant  received, 
contents  noted  and  duly  filed,"  were 
the  words  with  which  thousands  of 
business  letters  opened.  The  ordinary 
letter  ended:  "Thanking  you  again 
for  your  kind  favor." 

An  alert  American  business  corres- 
pondence supervisor  saw  the  possi- 
bility of  having  his  letters  representa- 
tive in  some  degree  of  the  personality 
and  the  individuality  of  the  firm.  He 
gave  to  his  letters  a  conversational 
tone,  the  tone  of  the  best  conversa- 
tion.   He  emphasized  in  them  courtesy 


and  service  and  quality  because  these 
were  the  things  upon  which  his  firm 
was   building. 

After  a  while  the  letters  that  he 
sent  out  came  to  reflect  the  spirit  of 
his  organization  about  as  faithfully 
and  as  accurately  as  did  the  salesmen 
on  the  road  or  as  did  the  executive 
officers  in  the  main  office. 

Concentrate     Upon 
A    Selling    Appeal 

He  trained  the  correspondents  under 
him  to  the  end  that  they  would  con- 
centrate upon  a  central  line  of  selling 
appeal,  so  that  they  would  be  uni- 
formly courteous  in  acknowledging 
orders  or  collecting  money  or  refusing 
credit — whatever  the  letter  might  be. 

Furthermore,  he  encouraged  his  cor- 
respondents to  assemble  'personal  data 
bearing  upon  each  individual  prospect 
so  that  the  letter  might  be  written 
with  a  tone  of  the  personal  communi- 
cation. 

If  the  letter  were  written  to  a  man 
living  in  a  manufacturing  community 
in  Massachusetts  it  would  be  a  dif- 
ferent sort  of  a  letter  from  one  sent 
to  a  rancher  in  California;  and  differ- 
ent of  course  from  a  letter  sent  to  a 
machinist  in  Latin-America. 
Cards  of  Information 
Should  Be  Put  On  Pile 

In  the  first  place-  the  salesman  or 
the  dealer  or  the  agent  should  as- 
semble data  bearing  upon  each  in- 
dividual prospective  customer.  He 
should  put  this  data  upon  cards  pro- 
vided for  that  purpose.  This  of  course 
will  include  the  prospect's  financial 
standing,  his  business  interests,  his 
methods  of  doing  business,  his  family 
relations,  his  hobbies — that  is  to  say, 
his  more  personal  interests. 

The  cards  should  then  be  filed  in  the 
San  Francisco  office  where  corres- 
pondents may  refer  to  them  in  an- 
swering letters  of  various  sorts,  or  in 
writing  sales  letters.  For  our  purpose 
we  will  take  a  Latin-American  as  a 
prospect. 

Information  of  the  sort  more  gen- 
eral than  this,  information  bearing 
upon  the  prospect,  may  be  had  from 
perusal  of  the  Latin-American  journals 
or  Latin-American  newspapers,  which 
give  you  an  insight  into  the  business 
conditions  in  the  cities,  of  crop  con- 
ditions in  the  country,  and  of  the  vari- 
ous needs  and  interests  of  the  dif- 
ferent Latin-American  communities. 

The  foreign  correspondent,  as  a 
matter  of  fact,  should  be  a  man  or 
woman  who  has  had  some  considerable 
selling  experience  in  the  Latin-Ameri- 
can field.  In  that  ease  he  will  recog- 
nize that  there  are  certain  broad  dif- 
ferences between  the  prospect  in  Latin- 


February   1920 


147 


America  and  the  prospect  in  this 
country — differences  mainly  of  indus- 
trial conditions  and  of  climate. 

It  is  elemental  to  say  that  you 
don't  want  to  try  to  sell  a  fur  over- 
coat or  electrical  heating  appliances 
to  a  man  in  Latin- America;  or  a  rain- 
coat to  a  man  living  in  Northern 
Chili,  because  it  doesn't  rain  there. 
You  can't  sell  him  automobile  parts 
that  enter  directly  into  the  manufac- 
ture of  an  automobile  because  he  has 
no  factories,  but  you  can  sell  him  such 
parts  that  may  be  set  up  in  a  repair 
shop. 

Service    and    Quality 
Always     Appreciated 

Other  than  such  broad  differences, 
the  Latin-American,  I  believe,  responds 
probably  to  the  same  sort  of  selling 
appeal,  he  appreciates  service  and 
quality,  about  as  much  as  any  other 
prospect.  It  is  true  that  he  is  accus- 
tomed to  the  expression  of  courtesy 
in  a  form  a  bit  more  ceremonial  than 
the  form  we  are  accustomed  to,  and  in 
the  average  foreign  letter  it  is  well 
to  include  one  or  two  of  the  courteous 
expressions  in  the  form  to  which  he 
is  accustomed. 

But  this  doesn't  mean  that  the  Lat- 
in-American may  be  "jollied"  into 
making  a  purchase.  He  has  to  have 
the  same  selling  appeal;  there  has  to 
be  the  same  force  to  a  letter  written  to 
him  as  to  any  other  customer.  The 
foreign  letter  is  ordinarily  longer.  He 
is  accustomed  to  receiving  longer  let- 
ters. He  is  accustomed  to  a  more  leis- 
urely style. 

The  letters,  instead  of  being  brief 
and  choppy,  as  they  are  likely  to  be 
in  an  American  communication, 
should  be  longer  and  rounded  out. 
The  letter  of  course  must  be  written 
to  the  Latin-American  prospect  in  his 
own  language ;  Portuguese  for  Brazil, 
French  for  Haiti,  and  Spanish  for  the 
other  Latin-American  countries. 

Make     Trade     Terms 
Easy   to    Understand 

That  is  something  we  all  know.  But 
we  have  not  paid  attention  to  the  fact 
that  it  isn't  enough  to  put  this  letter 
into  the  words  of  the  language.  There 
are  certain  technical  and  trade  terms 
which  have  to  be  translated  in  such  a 
way  that  the  Latin-American  prospect 
will  understand  them. 

Many  a  man  who  speaks  Spanish 
fluently  doesn't  know  very  much  about 
the  trade  names  and  the  technical 
terms  which  are  peculiar  to  your  par- 
ticular business,  and  in  this  case  the 
translator  is  prone  to  attempt  to  make 
too  literal  a  translation,  as  a  rule. 

The  safest  way,  when  the  translator 
lacks  technical  knowledge,  is  to  have 
a  man  familiar  with  the  product  plan 
the  letter  in  conjunction  with  the 
man  who  is  going  to  make  the  transla- 
tion, and  it  is  always  advisable  to 
have  the  finished  letter  gone  over  by 


one    or   if   possible,    by    two   qualified 
persons. 

It  will  sometimes  also  be  found  ex- 
pedient to  have  written  beforehand 
certain  form  paragraphs  covering 
points  which  ordinarily  come  up  in 
correspondence.  By  using  these  form 
paragraphs  the  correspondent  saves 
himself  considerable  time. 

Use     Metric     System 
Rather  Than  English 

The  correspondent  should  use  the 
metric  system  rather  than  the  English 
system  of  measures;  he  should  state 
clearly  that  prices  are  in  "oro  Amer- 
icano"' and  thus  avoid  confusion.  And 
he  should  see  to  it  that  the  postal  reg- 
ulations of  the  country  to  which  the 
mail   is   going   are   observed. 


Essentials  of  a  Letter 

CLEARNESS:  Your  thought  should 
be  expressed  in  words  the  reader  can 
readily  understand.  This  means  that 
your  language  should  he  simple;  your 
words  should  be  direct,  forcefiU  words; 
your  sentences  simple.  When  writing 
a  letter,  put  yourself  in  the  place  of 
the  person  to  whom  you  are  writing. 
Ask  yourself,  "Would  I  understand 
that?  Does  it  give  the  information  I 
would  want?" 

COURTESY:  Courtesy  is  not  merely 
a  manner.  It  is  a  state  of  mind  and 
heart.  It  springs  from  a  kindly,  gen- 
erous, sympathetic  attitude  toward 
people.  You  cannot  be  courteous 
merely  by  using  polite  expressions. 
You  must  have  a  courteous  feeling, 
have  a  courteous  regard  for  the  other 
fellow,  and  then  try  to  say  to  him 
what  you  have  to  say  in  the  same 
kindly  way  that  you  would  like  to 
have  it  said  to  you. 

BREVITY:  Brevity  is  a  desirable 
quality  in  a  letter,  provided  the  let- 
ter, though  brief,  says  all  that  it  is 
really  necessary  to  say.  Do  not  ue 
brief,  however,  at  the  expense  of 
clearness.  Most  letters  are  longer  than 
they  need  -e  because  persons  have 
acquired  the  habit  of  using  a  lot  of 
needless  expressions. 

HONESTLY:  Every  really  success- 
ful business  is  founded  upon  honesty. 
We  want  all  our  letters  to  be  accurate 
statements  of  fact.  We  want  to  tell 
the  truth. 


Business  letters  are  ordinarily  di- 
vided into  two  general  groups;  the 
sales  letter  and  the  routine  letter.  The 
sales  letters  are  ordinarily  sent  out  in 
series,  called  the  follow-up,  one  letter 
being  sent  out  after  another  in  se- 
quence. Form  letters  are  sometimes 
employed  in  the  follow-up  series;  that 
is,  identical  letters  are  sent  to  a  num- 
ber of  prospects  or  customers. 

The  follow-up  letters  are  of  two 
sorts,  the  continuous  follow-up  and 
the  wear-out.  The  continuous  series 
lasts  indefinitely.  Separate  letters  are 
sent  out  at  irregular  intervals  month 
after  month  and  year  after  year.  They 
keep  the  dealer  or  the  salesman  or  the 
customer  informed  as  to  new  goods 
that  are  being  handled,  old  goods  that 


are  being  put  aside,  increase  in  price, 
reduction  in  price,  and  special  offer- 
ings in  service. 

Build  Up  Good  Will 
Purpose      of      Series 

They  may  dwell  upon  the  desirabil- 
ity or  completeness  or  seasonableness 
of  the  stock.  They  may  give  the 
dealer  certain  trade  information  which 
is  of  interest  to  him.  Their  purpose 
is  to  build  up  good-will  by  a  contin- 
uous hammering  process  rather  than 
to  close  the  sale  immediately. 

In  the  wear-out  follow-up  series,  on 
the  other  hand,  each  separate  letter 
attempts  to  close  the  sale  at  once. 
This  series  ends  when  it  becomes  evi- 
dent that  the  returns  from  the  sale 
no  longer  make  it  profitable  for  you 
to  send  out  letters  to  the  remaining 
names  on  your  list. 

Oftimes  the  wear-out  follow-up  is 
sent  to  those  who  send  inquiries  after 
reading  your  advertisements.  In  that 
case  the  advertisement  should  be 
closely  checked  so  that  you  may  keep 
track  of  the  inquiries  and  sales  that 
result  from  any  given  advertising  in- 
vestment. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  wear-out  fol- 
low-up may  be  sent  to  persons  who 
have  not  inquired  concerning  your 
product.  You  may  assemble  names  of 
prospects  on  the  mailing  list  and  at- 
tempt a  direct  sale  to  those  prospects. 
Keep  Mailing  List 
Well   Up   To   Date 

Your  dealer,  your  agent,  may  fur- 
nish you  with  names  for  your  mailing 
list;  you  may  get  them  from  the  tele- 
phone directory,  from  trade  journals 
and  newspapers,  or  from  the  Bureau 
of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce  m 
this  country.  They  should  be  care- 
fully checked  for  accuracy  and  they 
should  be  brought  up  to  date  at  least 
once  or  twice  a  year. 

In  the  wear-out  series  each  separate 
letter  is  as  a  rule  devoted  to  the  de- 
velopment of  a  special  selling  argu- 
ment ;  that  is  to  say,  one  letter  will 
present  your  product  from  one  angle 
and  the  second  letter  will  present  it 
from  another  angle,  so  that  by  vary- 
ing the  selling  appeal  you  will  event- 
ually hit  upon  the  argument  that  will 
cause  the  prospect  to  act. 

An  organization  manufacturing  a 
well-known  engine  has  taken  durabil- 
ity and  endurance  as  the  principal 
selling  point  and  the  various  letters 
in  the  wear-out  series  dwell  on  dura- 
bility from  different  angles.  The  first 
letter  gives  proof  of  its  endurance; 
the  second  explains  why;  the  third 
offers  to  install  the  engine  on  trial 
and  thus  to  let  it  prove  its  durability. 

When  there  are  two  or  three  selling 
points  of  importance  a  separate  letter 
may  be  built  around  each  one.  At  the 
time  the  first  letter  in  the  wear-out 
series  is  sent  out  a  record  card  should 
be  so  filed  that  it  will  come  up  for 
attention  at  a  date  far  enough  ahead 


148 


Pan     Pacific 


to   allow   fin   answer   to   that   letter    to 
resell  you. 

When  you  are  sending  a  follow-up 
letter  to  a  man  in  South  America  it 
would  obviously  be  folly  to  send  your 
second  letter  out  within  a  few  days 
or  a  week.  You  have  to  he  sure  you 
check  up  in  such  a  way  as  to  see  that 
your  prospect  lias  had  ample  time  to 
answer  the   first   letter. 

Try  a  Test  List 
To  Forecast  Result 
It  is  also  advisable  in  the  wear-out 
scries  lo  try  the  letters  out  first  on  a 
test  list.  If  your  mailing  list  is  made 
up  of  a  thousand  prospects,  select 
fifty  from  that  list  and  see  how  the 
series  goes.  You  get  the  proportions 
then  of  the  returns  on  your  letters 
that  will  apply  on  your  list.  You  will 
be  able  to  determine  whether  it  is 
worth  you  time  and  whether  you  will 
make  money  by  sending  letters  to  the 
entire  list. 

The  routine  letter  in  foreign  corre- 
spondence should. begin  with  the  pleas- 
ant and  should  hold  the  unpleasant 
until  the  end  or  until  after  the  pleas- 
ant has  been  introduced.  That  is  to 
say,  you  want  to  express  courtesy  and 
your  willingness  to  do  what  is  right, 
at  the  beginning  of  a  letter  answering 
a  complaint;  then  go  ahead  and  take 
up  this  disagreeable  matter  which  has 
to  be  solved. 

One  big  manufacturing  concern  has 
adopted  the  following  rules  for  routine 
letters: 

When  you  make  a  mistake, 
don't  be  afraid  to  admit  it  to 
the  customer. 

Never  say  to  yourself. 
"This  man  is  unreasonable." 
No  one  is  unreasonable  in  his 
own  eyes.  Try  to  understand 
how  he  looks  at  it. 

Always  emphasize  what  you 
can  do;  not  what  vou  can't 
do. 

Make  all  of  your  letters 
positive. 

Three     Different     Ways 
Of  Answering  Complaint 
I  shall  give  two  or  three  examples 
to  show  what  is  meant  by  being  "posi- 
tive" in  a   letter.     The  negative  way 
of  answering  a  complainant  is  this: 

"Frankly,  we  cannot  understand 
how  you  can  be  having  trouble  with 
the  hot  water  bottles  shipped  you  on 
January  5." 

This  is  the  neutral   way: 
"We    have    your   letter   of   January 
5  in  which  you  explain  the  trouble  you 
are  having  with  the  last  shipment   of 
hot  water  bottles." 

And  this  is  the  positive  way: 
"It  is  a  real  pleasure   to  help  you 
avoid  the  difficulty  with  the  hot  water 
bottles  about  which  you  speak  in  your 
letter  of  January  5." 

The  positive  way  emphasizes  cour- 
tesy  and   plays   up    the    pleasant    ele- 


ment.       This   paragraph    was   written 
from  the  negative  standpoint: 

"We  are  sorry  that  you  were  of- 
fended by  our  letter  of  January  18. 
We  are  certain,  however,  that  you  mis- 
understood us." 


Big  Chilean  Port  Plans 

WHILE  the  Parliament  of  Chile  is 
discussing  the  issuance  of  bonds 
for  public  works  involving  40,000,000 
pesos,  \  arious  construction  plans  of 
some  magnitude  have  already  been  de- 
cided, a  loan  of  approximately  $25,- 
COO.OOO  has  been  authorized  for  the 
construction  of  port  works  at  Valdivia, 
Lebu  and  Constitucion.  Two  hundred 
thousand  pesos  are  to  be  spent  in  im- 
proving the  port  of  San  Antonio. 


The  same  paragraph  written  in  a 
positive  way : 

"We  feel  that  we  should  thank  you 
especially  for  your  letter  of  January 
18,  for  it  helps  us  to  clear  up  an  evi- 
dent  misunderstanding. " 

Courtesy    and    Service 
Should  Be  Emphasized 

And  again  :  Negative : 

"We  are  compelled  to  refer  your 
letter  of  June  5  to  our  Pittsburg 
branch  as  you  are  located  in  their  ter- 
ritory." 

The  neutral  way  would  be: 

"We  have  referred  your  letter  of 
June  5  to  our  Pittsburg  branch." 

And  positive,  emphasizing  courtesy 
and  service: 

"As  our  Pittsburg  branch  is  nearer 
and  can  serve  you  more  economically, 
we  have  referred  your  letter  of  June 
5  to  them." 

Those  are  the  principles  which  big 
business  men  in  this  country  are  work- 
ing out  in  training  efficient  correspon- 
dents, and  it  means  this:  that  when  a 
man  writes  a  routine  letter  in  foreign 
trade  he  isn't  able  to  go  to  the  old 
handbook  and  select  his  terms  from 
that. 


Peru  Improves  Its  Ports 

THE  program  of  public  improve- 
ments announced  by  the  Peruvian 
Government  caUs  for  the  construction 
of  a  mole  and  a  floating  dock  in  Cal- 
lao,  the  development  of  a  new  port  at 
Matamari,  the  construction  of  a  sys- 
tem of  railroad  lines  across  the  coun- 
try, one  in  particular  to  connect  Cal- 
lao  and  Iquitos,  and  the  construction 
of  a  water  system  for  Lima,  already 
begun  under  the  supervision  of  an 
American  engineer.  Negotiations  are 
being  pushed  for  the  construction  of 
shipbuilding  yards  on  the  Peruvian 
coast,  at  the  bay  of  Chimbote. 


1  was  looking  at  a  handbook  the 
other  day.  It  contained  paragraphs 
which  may  be  used  in  answering  a 
letter  of  complaint  and  one  of  those 
paragraphs  began,  "You  are  in  the 
wrong  and  therefore  we  will  not  make 
an  adjustment." 

Another  read:  "The  mistake  was 
yours  and  surely  we  cannot  be  ex- 
pected to  make  it  good." 


That  sort  of  thing  riles  the  pros- 
pect; it  doesn't  make  any  difference 
whether  you  are  writing  a  letter  to  an 
American  or  to  a  Latin-American,  that 
is   not  the  way  to  do  it. 

Use    of    Diplomacy 
Helps      Collections 

Then  the  diplomatic  collection  let- 
ter. The  first  letter  attempting  the 
collection  of  overdue  accounts  ordi- 
narily contains  the  element  of  sales 
talk  for  the  simple  reason  that  if  you 
try  to  sell  a  man  goods  you  assume 
that  his  relations  with  you  are  still 
pleasant.     For  instance: 

"In  running  over  the  books  this 
morning  1  happened  to  notice  that 
your  October  bill  has  not  been  paid. 
'Phis  is  not  worrying  me  at  all  for  I 
have  no  doubt  it  has  simply  escaped 
your  attention.  I  am  writing  just  to 
remind  you  of  it.  If  convenient,  I 
shall  be  very  glad  if  you  will  send  us 
a  draft  not  later  than  April  20. 

"1  was  down  in  the  shipping  room 
yesterday  when  a  new  line  of  envelopes 
was  opened — a  high  grade  linen  finish 
made  from  Bismark  bond.  The  sam- 
ple I  have  enclosed  was  made  from 
204b.  stock  and  is  priced  at  $1.20  a 
thousand.  Compare  it  with  any  15 
cent  bond  and  see  if  it,  isn't  the  big- 
gest bargain  you  have  come  across  in 
many  a  day.  It  comes  in  white,  azure, 
golden-rod  and  canary.  Better  include 
a  few  thousand  of  these  envelopes  in 
your  next  order." 

Now  that  is  an  attempt  to  collect 
money  that  can't  ruffle  the  most  sensi- 
tive customer. 

Tactful  Letter   Form 
That  Means  Business 

The  second  letter  in  the  series  will 
contain  the  element  of  sales  talk  in  a 
much  abbreviated  form,  and  the  final 
letter,  fi  tactfully  written,  will  show 
the  prospect  that  he  has  to  pay  the 
bill,  but  at  the  same  time,  will  place 
the  full  responsibility  upon  the  pros- 
pect's shoulders. 

Here  is  a  letter  to  illustrate  that 
attitude: 

"You  extend  credit  expecting  that 
your  debtor  will  pay  at  a  certain  time. 
If  you  have  no  payment  on  the  ex- 
pected date  you  send  a  reminder. 

"You  had  confidence  in  your  debtor 
or  you  would  not  have  extended  him 
credit.  When  he  fails  to  reply  to  your 
first  letter,  you  figure  that  he  has  good 
reasons  for  not  remitting.  But  when 
you  write  him  asking  if  there  are  any 
errors  you  can  correct  or  any  com- 
plaints you  can  adjust  and  he  still 
fails  to  remit  or  to  acknowledge  your 
letters,  you  begin  to  wonder  if  there 
is  not  something  wrong. 

"This  is  the  history  of  our  account 
with  you.  Tt  stands  at  $52.65  and 
dates  back  to  August.  We  gave  you 
service  on  your  order  and  had  every 
I'eason  to  expect  the  same  considera- 
tion from  you  in  paying. 

(Continued  on  page  153) 


February)  1920 


149 


Must  Win  Confidence  to  Get  Trade 

Of  the  Orient— Writes  Paul  T.Carrington 


T  TAVINCi  had  about  a  dozen  years 
*  -'■of  experience  in  the  Orient  in  a 
professional  and  eonnnercial  way  may 
I  offer  some  suggestions  on  selling 
American  goods  in  the  Orient?. 

The  aveage  house  in  America  send- 
ing out  an  average  salesman  to  the 
Orient  may  receive  a  cable  from  the 
salesman  saying,  "The  people  are  In- 
dians and  don't  want  to  buy  any- 
thing," and  yet  another  message  of 
orders  would  be  going  to  British,  Ger- 
man or  sonic  other  country  in  Europe. 
Why?  Chiefly  because  of  confidence 
in  the  European  firm. 

European  trade  has  been  built  up 
in  the  Orient  not  because  the  traders 
are  British  or  Germans  but  because 
the  man  or  firm  taking  orders  is  a 
known  person  resident  in  a  particu- 
lar locality.  The  business  is  mostly 
commission  and  a  great  many  com- 
mission houses  of  the  Orient  are  not 
houses  at  all,  but  young  persons  who 
;it  first  worked  for  some  big  house 
such  as  the  Bombay,  Bormah  or  Bor- 
neo Company  or  some  German  house 
and  then  gone  into  business  for  them- 
selves. 

The  natives  have  learned  to  know 
the  trader,  he  generally  speaks  the 
language  and  knows  the  customs  and 
wants  of  the  people.  So  it  is  not  long 
before  he  has  a  steady  line  of  custom- 
ers. What  chance  would  the  average 
salesman  have  against  such  competi- 
tion ? 

On  the  other  hand  it  is  a  fact  that 
the  natives  of  the  Orient  do  want 
American  made  goods,  but,  to  be  plain, 
it  seems  at  times  that  the  American 
•'native"  does  not  want  the  Oriental 
native  to  have  the  goods. 

To  explain,  American  firms  demand 
the  money  with  the  order — business, 
yes — but  what,  docs  the  native  get  for 
his  money?  Often  nothing,  not  even 
a  letter  of  thanks  and  if  he  gets  his 
proods  they  are  just  as  liable  to  be 
wrong  as  right  and  if  breakable — well 
he  gets  the  pieces.  This  may  seem 
exaggerated  but  T  feel  it  is  not.  One 
could  give  personal  experiences  if 
necessary. 

Someone  will  say:  "We'll  order 
against  bill  of  lading  and  documents 
through  a  bank."  Well  and  good,  but 
even  that  method  is  often  broken.  The 
native  pays  his  local  bank  all  right 
but  when  the  goods  arrive — or  don't 
arrive — the  cases  do  not  contain  what 
is  on  the  documents.  So  the  native 
has  become  very  careful  to  whom  he 
gives  orders. 


So  he  keeps  away  from  the  traveling 
salesman  and  goes  to  his  nearest  com- 
mission man.  whom  he  knows  and 
trusts,  and  the  commission  man  trusts 
him  to  the  extent  of  three  or  four 
months.  So  the  native  will  sometimes 
have  his  goods  sold  by  the  time  his 
bill  is  due. 

Xow  are  the  American  houses  will- 
ing to  do  that?  That  is  the  competi- 
tion they  must  meet  plus  honesty — 
honesty  of  purpose  to  get  the  goods 
there  in  good  shape  so  that  the  native 
merchant  can  sell  them. 


RAFFLES     HOTEL.    SINGAPORE 

•lust  to  illustrate:  While  in  the  Ori- 
ent I  needed  a  typewriter,  so  T  sent 
to  America  for  one  of  the  standard 
makes,  costing  over  a  hundred  dollars, 
at  that  time.  One  day  it  came,  or  the 
remains  came.  It  was  placed,  not 
packed,  in  a  case  too  large  and  tied 
down  with  string.  That  firm  got  my 
money  once;  they  did  not  care  for  re- 
peat orders. 

It  may  be  needless  to  say  my  next 
machine  was  from  England,  yet  I  am 
an  American  and  it  hurts  some  to 
think  1  had  to  get  my  typewriter  from 


Italy  Loans  to  Ecuador 

A  LOAN  of  $20,000,000  from  Italian 
ban'-ers  has  been  authorized  by 
the  government  Oi  Ecuador  lor  the 
building  of  public  wor>s.  In  return 
for  the  cession  to  Italy  of  the  monop- 
oly on  leaf  tobacco  xlcuador  is  to  se- 
cure a  credit  of  30,000,000  sneres  (about 
$15,000,000)  from  the  Italian  Govern- 
ment. The  carrying  out  of  three  rail- 
road projects,  each  estimated  to  cost 
10,000,000  sucres,  will  be  made  possi- 
ble as  a  result  of  this  agreement.  Ital- 
ian companies  will  have  the  preference 
in  the  exploitation  of  coal,  petroleum 
and  mineral  mines  and  in  the  forests 
both  in  Ecuador  proper  and  the  Gala- 
pagos Islands. 


some  other  country.  Yet  if  you  ask 
those  who  live  in  the  Orient  you  get 
the  same  stories. 

American  firms  will  have  to  first  get 
the  confidence  before  they  will  get 
the  trade.  That  means  a  residence  in 
that  part  from  which  they  expect 
trade — for  the  native  orders  from  the 
man  he  knows — and  that  man  at  pres- 
ent is  not  an  American  but  some  Euro- 
pean. The  native  will  not  get  Amer- 
ican  goods   if  the   trader   can   help  it. 

Another  point  vital  to  our  Oriental 
trade  is  that  of  consular  representa- 
tives. They  are  appointed  for  four 
years  or  in  less  important  places  they 
are  what  is  called  commercial  coun- 
sels. The  four  years  men  are  sent 
there  by  politics;  they  do  not  know 
the  country  and  often  times  do  not 
care  to.  It's  a  job  to  fill  for  four 
years.  Then  what?  Maybe  no  job; 
so  our  country  does  not  get  much  out 
of  it. 

Can  a  man  who  is  holding  his  job 
for  four  years  compete  with  his  Euro- 
pean diplomatic  brethren  who  are  sent 
out  as  young  students  to  study  the 
language  and  customs?  The  argument 
is  self  evident. 

Then  the  commercial  counsel!  He 
has  his  own  business  first  and  if  any 
is  left  America  may  get  some. 

The  United  States  surely  is  as  im- 
portant as  Britain,  so  why  do  not  our 
business  men  demand  representation 
equal  to  the  best.  In  order  to  do  it 
young  men  should  be  sent  abroad  in 
every  part  of  the  Orient  as  student 
interpreters,  to  study  the  language 
and  customs  of  that  special  part.  Then 
in  time  those  young  men  will  be  our 
counsels  and  ministers,  trained  to  meet 
the  world's  diplomats,  also  knowing 
that  their  positions  are  life  ones  and 
that  it  is  to  their  best  interests  to 
servp  America  first.  This  change  will 
take  time  but  it  seems  imperative — 
else  we  must  give  way  with  a  smile 
to  Europe. 

European  countries  have  their  con- 
suls stationed  in  the  interior  of  the 
Oriental  lands  where  no  American  con- 
sul has  ever  been.  Why?  For  experi- 
ence and  trade  and  always  protection 
lo  their  subjects.  Are  we  as  Ameri- 
cans less  important? 

The  final  question  is.  Do  American 
business  houses  want  the  trade?  If 
so.  doirt  send  out  salesmen  for  a  six 
months'  trip  and  expect  orders.  Send 
them  out  to  establish  themselves;  get 
the  friendship  and  confidence — the 
money  is  there  if  you  can  gain  the 
confidence  and  meet  the  European  sys- 
tem of  business. 


150 


Pan     Pacific 


Why  Not  America  and  Japan  Work 
Together  in  Orient  ?-Asks  e.  Naito 


SAN  Francisco  has  more  trade 
communion  with  the  other  side 
of  the  Pacific  than  the  great  New 
York  has  across  the  Atlantic.  The 
future  of  the  former  is  most  promis- 
ing, with  its  potentiality  growing  as 
great  as  the  latter;  the  largest  and 
most  active  seaport  in  the  world. 

For  several  reasons,  however,  the 
progress  of  San  Francisco  seems  to 
have  been  checked  and  there  is  some 
lack  of  appreciable  development.  It 
is  due  partly  to  the  fact  that  the  lead- 
ers of  the  West  devote  their  efforts 
to  politics  and  their  minds  are  occu- 
pied with  this,  overlooking  commerce 
with  the  Orient. 

Newcomers  from  the  Orient  receive 
here,  almost  universally,  an  unagree- 
able feeling  and  impression,  which  is 
never  experienced  in  the  East.  This 
is  not  the  case  with  Orientals  only, 
but  also  with  Latin-Americans  occa- 
sionally. The  Orientals  arriving  here 
nowadays  may  not  be  familiar  with 
American  customs  and  methods,  but 
they  have  culture  and  are  well  edu- 
cated. Most  of  them  are  buyers  of 
American  goods,  and  yet  they  are 
often  treated  as  if  they  were  worth- 
less immigrants. 

Commerce  Is  Not  Matter 
of  Goods  Exchange  Only 

Commerce  is  not  merely  a  matter  of 
exchange  of  products;  Orientals,  par- 
ticularly the  Japanese,  are  very  sensi- 
tive and  emotion  always  counts.  How 
can  Americans  or  San  Franciscans  ex- 
pect the  development  of  real  prosper- 
ous business  with  the  Orient  to  the 
maximum,  when  they  treat  its  repre- 
sentatives here  cold-heartedly  and  dis- 
criminately? 

The  other  day  a  representative  of  a 
prominent  Tokio  merchant  came  here 
to  open  an  office,  but  his  intention  was 
annulled  the  moment  he  was  refused 
to  be  allowed  to  rent  a  residence,  be- 
cause he  was  a  Japanese.  His  conclu- 
sion was  that  there  would  be  no  real 
business  in  a  place  with  such  an  at- 
mosphere of  hatred.  This  is  an  ex- 
ample out  of  hundreds.  There  will 
be  no  fundamental  development  here, 
so  long  as  the  people  remain  unaware 
of  their  welfare  being  very  closely 
connected  with  the  Orient. 

As  a  measure  of  reconstruction  and 
preparedness  of  post  war  activity, 
America's  loudest  cry  is  EXPORT,  to 
sell  the  products  of  the  tremendously 
enlarged  capacity  of  war  time.  Awak- 
ened leaders  are  laying  stress  upon 
the  development  of  export  business 
which  was  never  considered  so  seri- 
ously in  this  country  before.  American 
people  with  a  few  exceptions  do  not 
seem  to  understand  that  resident  for- 


eign merchants  are  the  most  ideal 
mediators  and  powerful  promoters  of 
American  interests.  The  foreign  mer- 
chant can  use  his  own  language,  while 
an  American  would  require  quite  a 
few  years  even  to  learn  how  to  con- 
verse in  the  same. 

Sales  Psychology  Differs 
In  Orient  From  America 

in  the  Orient  sales  psychology  is 
radically  different  from  that  in  Amer- 
ica. Resident  foreigners  trade  with 
their  country  in  their  own  language 
and  conduct  business  in  the  most  apt 
manner  for  the  peculiar  habits  of  the 
Orientals,  witli  a  full  knowledge  of 
their  requirements  and  tastes.  Thus 
they  are  in  a  better  position  to  export 
American  goods.  For  this  reason,  a 
most  peculiar  thing  is  that  those  for- 
eign concerns  generally  attend  more  to 
the  sales  of  American  goods  than  to 
importing  the  merchandise  of  their  na- 
tive country. 

On  the  other  hand  American  con- 
cerns generally  import  more  than  they 
export.  In  other  words,  there  is  a 
tendency  for  foreigners  to  export 
American  goods  and  for  American  con- 
cerns to  import  foreign  goods.  There- 
fore, the  more  the  resident  foreign 
concerns  increase,  the  greater  will  be 
the  export  of  American  goods.  The 
more  this  city  becomes  cosmopolitan, 
the  more  it  will  prosper  in  foreign 
trade.  The  writer  wonders  why  the 
people  of  the  West  seem  to  despise  the 
Orientals,  which  certainly  hampers  the 
expansion  of  business. 

The  writer  does  not  know  what  feel- 
ing the  general  American  really  has 
toward  the  Japanese  and  why  some  of 
the  leading  politicians  of  the  nation 
are  agitating,  with  terrible  exaggera- 
tion, against  Japan.  At  any  rate, 
there  are  extremely  few  Americans, 
who  really  understand  Japan,  its  peo- 

Amazon  Valle 
Trade 

T>  USINESS  conditions  in  the  Am- 
-*-*  axon  Valley  are  beginning  to 
recover  from  the  disturbance  of  com- 
merce caused  by  the  war.  Rubber  es- 
tate owners  and  business  men  gener- 
ally realize  that  the  oempetition  of 
Oriental  "plantation"  rubber,  which 
has  forced  the  market  price  of  that 
article  down  to  about  the  actual  cost 
of  gathering  "wild"  Amazon  rubber, 
is  really  a  blessing  in  disguise,  since 
it  is  bringing  about  the  development 
of  the  other  natural  resources  left  un- 
touched so  long  as  rubber  monopolized 
all  attention  in  the  valley.    Foodstuffs 


pie  and  its  position  in  the  Orient.  It 
will  do  no  harm  to  add,  just  as  a  hint, 
that  Japanese  children  are  taught  in 
the  schools  that  their  country  owes, 
to  America,  its  present  civilization  and 
the  position  it  has  earned  because  of 
Commodore  Perry's  visit,  and  the  pro- 
tection rendered  by  this  country  at  a 
time  when  Japan  faced  critical  hours. 
Thus  respect  for  America  lies  in  the 
mind  of  every  Japanese. 

Japan  Welfare  Promoted 
By  American  Friendship 

Japan  also  knows  that  its  welfare  is 
promoted  by  keeping  on  friendly 
terms  with  this  country,  and  should 
any  conflict  arise  it  would  be  detri- 
mental. Thus  Japan  is  dealing  with 
this  country  in  an  attitude  more  than 
moderate. 

For  instance,  Japanese  authorities 
are  discouraging  any  enterprise  of 
Japanese  in  Mexico,  for  fear  of  caus- 
ing serious  misunderstandings  and  sus- 
picions on  the  part  of  America.  Japan- 
ese are  totally  at  loss  to  understand 
the  peculiar  activity  at  Washington 
against  Japan. 

There  is  an  unlimited  field  in  tne 
Orient,  which  is  altogether  too  large 
for  Japan's  operations.  Through  the 
co-operation  of  America  and  Japan, 
working  hand  in  hand,  these  fields  will 
be  •  cultivated  and  civilization  will  be 
accelerated.  Thus  a  peaceful  way  is 
open  which  will  increase  mutual  bene- 
fits, cementing  the  friendly  relations  of 
the  two  countries  more  closely  . 

Business  men  of  both  countries  are 
ready  to  take  part  in  such  movements. 
Tsn't  it  time  for  the  authorities  of 
both  countries  to  devote  their  atten- 
tion to  paving  a  peaceful  way  across 
the  Pacific  by  means  of  trade,  instead 
of  clamoring  about  matters  which 
could  be  amicably  and  quietly  settled 
between  the  two  Governments? 

y  Offers 
Opportunities 

thai  used  to  be  imported  from  abroad 
or  from  other  parts  of  Brazil  are  now 
being  raised  locally. 

A  party  headed  by  Henry  S.  Flem- 
ing of  New  York,  which  investigated 
the  commercial  possibilities  of  the  Am- 
nzon  Valley,  returned  to  Para  after  a 
two  months  tour  of  the  Amazon  and 
some  of  its  principal  affluents,  nearly 
8,000  miles  of  rivers  being  covered 
in  the  course  of  the  trip.  Mr.  Flem- 
ing is  receiver  of  an  American  com- 
pany with  extensive  docking,  ship 
yard  and  navigation  property  at  Para. 


February)  1920 


151 


The  main  river  was  ascended  for 
more  than  2,500  miles,  as  far  as  Iqui- 
tos.  Peru,  and  also  the  Javary,  Purus, 
Negro,  Xingu,  Moju,  Toeautins  and 
Other  rivers  for  varying  distances.  A 
vast  amount  of  valuable  information 
and  data  has  been  gathered  as  a  re- 
sult, which  is  being  placed  free  of 
charge  at  the  disposal  of  American 
manufacturers,  importers,  exporters 
and  others  interested  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  Amazon  Valley.  Many  in- 
quiries have  been  made  by  Americans 
seeking  information  regarding  lands 
available  for  cattle  raising,  grain  grow- 
ing and  minerals,  which  indicates  an 
awakening  interest  in  the  United 
States  in  regard  to  the  Amazon  coun- 
try. 

According  to  Mr.  Fleming  the  most 
encouraging  sign  noted  on  the  trip 
was  the  increase  in  the  production  of 
foodstuffs  of  all  kinds.  Mandioca, 
corn,  sugar  cane,  rice,  beans,  bananas, 
melons,  fruits  of  many  species,  and 
occasionally  tobacco  and  cotton,  have 
been  planted  in  small  patches  along 
the  river  banks  near  the  towns  and 
settlements.  Before  the  war  practi- 
cally all  foodstuffs  had  to  be  imported, 
as  the  wages  paid  rubber  gatherers 
were  so  high  as  to  make  labor  unavail- 
able for  agricultural  work.  Most  of 
this  planting  is  done  on  the  low  lying 
hanks  of  rivers  and  at  least  two  crops 
of  corn,  beans,  mandioca,  etc.,  are 
gathered  between  floods. 

One  of  the  staple  products  most  af- 
fected by  the  rubber  boom  was  cacao. 
When  labor  was  attracted  by  the  lure 
of  high  wages  most  of  the  large  cacao 
plantations  had  to  be  abandoned ;  to- 
day they  are  being  cleaned  and  re- 
stored and  new  trees  are  being 
planted. 

Local  cotton  men  are  optimists  as 
to  the  future  of  Amazon  cotton,  which 
is  said  to  be  of  excellent  quality  and 
long  staple.  There  are  large,  immense 
areas  of  the  Amazon  Valley  suitable 
for  cotton  growing  and  in  many 
places,  notably  Iquitos  (Peru),  Saii- 
tarein  and  Monte  Allegre,  this  is  now 
being  produced  in  increasing  quanti- 
ties. Last  year  was  the  first  that  any 
concerted  effort  was  made  to  grow  cot- 
ton, but  the  idea  seems  to  have  taken 
on  with  many  landowners. 

The  Amazon  Valley  is  said  to  be 
the  greatest  undeveloped  region  in 
the  world  today.  On  every  side  there 
are  natural  resources  of  immense 
value,  with  commercial  possibilities 
which  are  as  yet  untouched.  The  soil 
is  said  to  be  extraordinarily  fertile. 
The  forests  offer  woods  in  inexhaust- 
ible variety,  many  of  them  cabinet 
woods  of  rare  value.  Of  vegetable  oil 
nuts  a  tenth  aprt  only  is  known  to  the 
outside  world.  Resins,  gums,  spices, 
medicinal  plants  and  fibres  abound  in 
infinite  variety.  Kapok  grows  along 
the  banks  of  most  of  main  rivers,  but 
not  a  pound  of  it  is  exported  to  the 


San  Domingo 
Offers  Chance 
For  Business 


Bv  CHARLES  H.  NOXON,  Jr. 


WITH  the  advent  in  the  last 
twelfth-month  of  representa- 
tives of  American  commercial  houses, 
forerunners  of  what  would  seem  to  be 
a  business  invasion  of  the  Republic  of 
Santa  Domingo,  the  routes  and  the  lo- 
cation of  towns  become  a  matter  of 
importance.  Much  time,  labor  and 
money  will  be  saved  by  those  firms 
who  know  just  where  to  send  their 
wares  for  the  largest  sales  and  just 
where  to  send  their  agents  for  the 
largest  orders. 

On  first  glance  the  capital  of  any 
country  seems  to  offer  a  tempting  field 
for  entry — and  indeed  Santo  Domingo 
city  is  no  exception  to  this  rule.  How- 
ever, in  tins  republic  there  are  other 
fields  more  profitable  for  the  importa- 
tion of  wares.  For  commercial  pur- 
poses we  can  divide  the  island  in  half; 
the  southern  half  below  the  Cordillera 
Mountains,  the  northern  half  above 
this;  central  range. 

Tn  the  southern  sector  the  towns  are 
almost  all  coast  towns — Santa  Domin- 
go city,  San  Pedro  de  Macoris,  La  Ro- 
ma na.  Barahona  and  Azua  (the  latter 
some  four  miles  inland).  Seibo.  the 
only  other  large  town  of  importance, 
is  inaccessible  because  of  lack  of  roads 
for  the  transportation  of  merchandise. 
But  Seibo  is  discounted  because  of  an- 
other consideration,  situated  as  it  is 
in  the  bandit  area  and  hence  not  a 
field   for  American  salesmen. 

Thus  in  the  south  the  towns  are 
coast  towns  with  this  one  exception 
and  as  such,  by  location  and  proxim- 
ity to  the  capital,  have  been  first  to 
share  in  the  improvements  and  inno- 
vations of  our  own  more  highly  de- 
veloped civilization.  Santa  Domingo 
city  with  San  Pedro  de  Macoris  has 
most  markedly  seen  the  imprint  of 
the  American  manus  commercii. 

But  to  the  north  the  situation 
changes.  There  the  majority  of  towns 
are  inland,  connected,  however,  by 
some  good  roads  and  a  small  railroad. 
On  the  coast  are  Monte  Cristo,  Puerto 


Plata,  Samana  and  Sanchez.  Proceed- 
ing inland  from  Puerto  Plata  we  pass 
Altamira,  Navarete,  Santiago,  Moca, 
La  Vega,  San  Francisco  de  Marcoris 
and  many  smaller  hamlets.  Bear  in 
mind,  these  are  all  inland  and  are  sep- 
arated on  an  average  by  about  twelve 
to  fifteen  miles. 

All  possess  fair  means  for  intercom- 
munication. They  are  all  located  along 
a  small  railroad,  which  of  course  is 
typical  of  present  industrial  progress 
on  the  island.  It  takes  six  to  seven 
hours  to  travel  sixty  miles.  Still  it  is 
a  vast  improvement  on  the  burro,  and 
one  learns  under  a  tropical  sun  to  be 
thankful  even  for  crude  means  of  rail 
transportation. 

The  Government  owned  railroad, 
Ferrocarril  de  Santo  Domingo,  extends 
from  Puerto  Plata  to  Moea  and  con- 
nects with  the  Ferrocarril  de  Samana 
y  Santiago,  a  railroad  running  from 
Moca  through  La  Vega  and  on  to  San- 
chez. This  latter  road  is  owned  by 
a  Scotch  corporation  and  is  superior 
to  the  one  owned  by  the  Government. 
Trains  are  run  more  frequently — twice 
as  frequently,  to  be  exact — two  leav- 
ing each  of  the  terminals  each  day, 
whereas  one  suffices  to  essay  the  moun- 
tain trip  from  Moca  to  Puerto  Plata, 
passing  the  incoming  train  on  the  way. 

But  to  the  salesman  who  plans  to 
work  the  towns  systematically  and 
spend  a  few  weeks  in  each,  the  slow 
mode  of  travel  cannot  be  a  serious 
inconvenience.  It  is  in  these  towns 
of  the  north  that  the  writer  feels  op- 
portunities are  open. 

A  tentative  route  would  be  to  make 
Puerto  Plata  the  first  stop.  Then, 
having  covered  that  town,  proceed  by 
rail  leisurely  to  Santiago,  covering  en 
route  the  smaller  towns  of  Altamira 
and  Navarete.  From  Santiago  Monte 
Cristo  can  be  reached  by  auto,  and 
after  completing  these  two  towns  the 
next  advance  is  to  Moca,  then  to  La 
Vega,  San  Francisco  de  Macoris  and 
Sanchez.  All  are  on  the  railroad.  On 
reaching  the  port  town  of  Sanchez  the 
trip  to  Samana,  which  would  be  the 
last  stop,  can  be  made  handily  by  daily 
motor  boat  service. 

"With  a  map  this  route  will  become 
clear  to  the  stranger.  Several  sales- 
men of  my  acquaintance  spend  as 
much  as  three  months  covering  this 
territory,  but  of  course  it  varies  no 
doubt  with  different  lines  of  merchan- 
dise. 


United  States,  although  America  im- 
ported 7,000,000  pounds  last  year  from 
fai-  away  Java.  There  are  mineral- 
ized areas  said  to  contain  coal,  iron, 
gold,  silver  and  precious  metals  of 
many  kinds.  They  have  not  yet  been 
prospected. 

Many   merchants    up   river   look    for 
close     business     relations     with     the 


United  States.  They  point  out  that 
foreign  financial  and  technical  assist- 
ance and  machinery  are  necessary  to 
help  develop  the  immense  resources  of 
the  valley,  and  they  believe  they  are 
more  likely  to  receive  help  from  the 
United  States  than  from  any  other  of 
the  great  Powers.  There  is  a  strongly 
pro-American  feeling  in  Brazil. 


152 


Pan     Pacific 


Bankers'  Acceptances  as  Means 
of  Financing  Exports  Explained 


THE  most  up-to-date  way  of  using 
the  acceptance  for  financing  ex- 
portation is  that  which  bankers  now 
call  "refinancing."  A  manufacturer 
has  a  foreign  customer  to  whom  he 
wishes  to  extend  ci'edit,  to  the  extent 
at  least  of  billing  him  for  payment  at 
sight. 

We  will  suppose  that  the  American 
manufacturer  is  trying  to  cultivate  the 
goodwill  and  permanent  business  of 
this  customer  in  conditions  of  com- 
petition, by  offering  him  every  service 
consistent  with  paying  and  sound 
methods.  He  desires  to  extend  the 
credit  without  asking  the  foreign  cus- 
tomer to  go  to  any  trouble  on  his  part 
in  arranging  with  his  own  bank  for  an 
acceptance. 

The  American  wishes  simply  to  of- 
fer his  goods  on  such-and-such  credit 
terms,  carrying  the  credit  ostensibly 
himself,  but  wishes  to  make  his  own 
arrangements  with  his  own  banker  for 
getting  money  at  once  for  use  in  his 
business.  He  can,  of  course,  negotiate 
with  his  bank  for  an  old-fashioned 
discounting  of  the  draft.  Hut  we  are 
now  describing  "refinancing"  by 
means  of  the  acceptance. 

Turns  His  Draft 
Over  To  His  Bank 
To  carry  out  his  method,  the  manu- 
facturer simply  turns  his  draft,  with 
all  the  documents,  over  to  his  bask 
for  collection,  and  lets  the  bank  send 
it  forward  to  its  foreign  branch,  or  to 
a  foreign  correspondent  bank,  as  if 
there  were  to  be  no  discount  of  any 
kind. 

He  then  sits  down  and  draws  a  draft 
upon  the  bank  itself — a  "clean"  draft 
without  any  documents,  or  mention  of 
the  export  transaction  further  than 
that  he  will  write  or  stamp  across  the 
face  of  the  paper  the  words  "Based 
on  Export  Transaction,"  or  some  sim- 
ilar phrase.  This  draft  simply  directs 
the  bank  to  pay  to  him  or  his  order, 
on  a  certain  date,  so  much  money. 

Tt  will  depend  upon  his  arrange- 
ment with  his  bank  for  the  acceptance 
of  this  what  the  amount  will  be,  that 
is,  whether  it  will  be  the  full  amount 
of  the  original  export  draft  on  his  for- 
eign customer  for  which  it  is  the  "re- 
financing" substitute,  or  whether  it 
will  be  a  less  amount  which  the  bank 
regards  as  safer  under  the  conditions 
of  the  credit.  The  maturity  is  usually 
the  date  when  it  is  expected  that  the 
money  from  the  foreign  customer  will 
come  from  abroad  and  be  available 
for  the  payment.  Hut  it  is  not  neces- 
sary to  make  the  maturity  coincide — 
in  fact,  it  is  one  of  the  advantages  of 


By  an   Officer  of  the  National  City 
Bank  of  New  York. 


"refinancing"    that    it    is   not    always 
made  to  coincide. 

Acceptance     by     Bank 
Guarantee  of  Payment 

The  bank  "accepts"  by  stamping 
across  the  face  of  the  draft  its  regular 
form  accompanied  by  the  signature  ol 
an  officer.  Jts  acceptance  is  a  guaran- 
tee of  the  payment  of  the  draft  at  ma- 
turity. Technically,  the  bank  thus  ex- 
tends pure  credit,  and  the  exporting 
manufacturer  receives  his  draft  back. 
It  is  the  primest  security  in  the  money- 
market,  and  commands  the  very  lowest 
rate  of  discount.  Actually,  the  bank 
itself  will  probably  buy  it  at  the  mar- 
ket rate. 

The  Federal  Reserve  Board  has 
ruled  that  these  substitute  acceptances, 
when  based  upon  bona  fide  drafts  go- 
ing abroad  for  collection,  are  lawful, 
and,  if  the  maturity  is  not  more  than 
ninety  days  off,  the  Federal  Reserve 
Banks  will  rediscount  them  for  banks. 
The  substitute  acceptance,  or  "refinan- 
cing" acceptance,  was  invented  for 
the  purpose  of  giving  the  advantage 
of  the  acceptance  form  to  our  export 
business. 

It  is  obvious  that  the  oirignal  draft 
could  not.be  utilized  for  the  purpose. 
It  must  go  abroad  on  the  same  ship 
with  the  goods  exported.  The  con- 
signee ordinarily  gives  his  mercantile 
acceptance  to  it,  writing  his  name 
upon  it  to  signify  that  he  receives  the 
merchandise,  acknowledges  the  trans- 
action as  completed,  and  declares  his 
responsibility  to  pay  for  it.  All  this 
requires  that  the  original  draft  be  sent 
abroad  physically  when  the  goods  go. 

For  the  "acceptance"  privilege  to 
be  of  full  benefit  to  our  exporters  it 
was  necessary  to  create  the  substitute 
acceptance  which  could  stay  here  after 
its  validation  by  acceptance  by  a 
bank,  and  be  sold  and  physical  pos- 
session of  it  given  to  the  purchaser. 
The  Federal  Reserve  Board  gave  lib- 
eral construction  to  the  law,  and  so 
we  have  this  clean  draft,  bearing  on 
its  face  the  statement  that  it  repre- 
sents actual  exportation,  and  the 
banks  are  enabled  to  "accept"  it  and 
to  turn  it  in  for  rediscount. 
Substitute  Drafts 
Add  To  Advantages 

It  is  not  necessary  to  draw  the  sub- 
stitute draft  for  "acceptance"  as 
against  any  individual  original  draft. 
It  is  legal  to  draw  substitute  drafts 
against      accumulations      of      original 


draft*.     This   feature   greatly  adds   to 
the  advantages  of  the  method. 

For  instance,  a  manufacturer  does 
an  export  business  with  many  custom- 
ers, in  different  parts  of  the  world. 
Instead  of  the  necessity  of  discounting 
a  lot  of  individual  export  drafts,  he 
simply  hands  all  his  documents  and 
drafts  to  his  bank,  with  instructions 
to  send  them  forward  for  collection. 
Then,  when  he  is  desirous  of  having 
funds,  he  draws  his  substitute  draft 
for  as  much  as  he  desires,  and  for  the 
time  he  needs  the  money,  and  gets  the 
bank  to  accept  that. 

His  forward-going  export  drafts  go 
into  a  kind  of  acceptance-credit  ac- 
count against  which  he  can  draw  his 
substitute-draft  for  the  bank's  accept- 
ance as  he  needs.  As  the  original 
drafts  go  abroad  and  are  collected, 
and  the  money  comes  back,  the 
amounts  are  automatically  credited  in 
favor  of  his  deposit  and  when  his  ac- 
ceptances mature  the  bank  pays  out 
the  money  to  the  holder  "on  order" 
and  simply  charges  them  against  the 
exporter's  deposit  account. 

Exporter  Saved  Time, 
Labor     and     Expense 

It  is  easy  to  see  the  advantages  of 
the  system.  When  an  exporting  man- 
ufacturer is  not  discounting  his  indi- 
vidual drafts,  but  simply  mails  them 
or  sends  them  by  messenger  to  his 
bank,  he  is  saved  quite  a  little  work 
and  time,  and  may  even  be  saved  the 
salary  of  one  or  more  skilled  men  in 
his  office.  When  he  has  heavy  pay- 
ments to  make  that  would  delete  his 
balance  or  cause  an  overdraft,  he 
simply  draws  his  "refinancing"  draft 
in  correct  form  and  sends  it  down  to 
the  bank. 

In  practice,  the  bank  will  ordinarily 
"accept."  sell  the  acceptance  for  him 
(often  itself  buying  its  owrn  accept- 
ance) and  credit  the  proceeds  to  his 
account.  This  arrangement  predicates 
not  only  the  regular  account  with  the 
bank,  but  a  standing  agreement  for  a 
"line"  of  acceptance  credit.  This 
agreemnt  is  nowadays  evidenced  by  a 
formal  document  resembling  a  letter 
of  credit,  bearing  a  certain  number  or 
symbol,  which  the  holder  writes  on 
his  original  and  substitute  drafts  so  as 
to  enable  the  clerical  organization  at 
the  bank  to  keep  an  account  of  all 
originals  going  forward  for  collection, 
with  maturities,  etc.,  and  of  outstand- 
ing: "acceptances." 

In  the  case  of  extensive  business. 
many  dollars  are  saved  in  various 
ways  by  this  method.  In  the  first 
place,    "acceptances"    command    such 


February   1920 

good  discount  rates  that,  after  pay- 
ment of  the  commission  which  the 
bank  charges  for  "accepting,"  the 
maker  usually  saves  about  half  one 
per  cent  on  his  money  in  normal  times. 
There  are  certain  arbitrary  elements 
in  the  calculation  of  the  old  form  of 
individual  discounts  that  "refinanc- 
ing" avoids.  A  deposit  account  in 
connection  with  "refinancing"  gives 
the  exporting  manufacturer  the  benefit 
of  many  a  day's  interest  or  use  of 
money  because  the  moment  the  trans- 
fer of  foreign  funds  arrives  it  is  placed 
at  once  to  his  credit. 

Arrange   With   Bank 
For         Refinancing 

Some  manufacturers  who  use  these 
advanced  methods  arrange  with  their 
bank  for  another  way  of  "re-financ- 
ing" which  they  may  use  at  their  op- 
tion. Sometimes,  when  they  need 
money  for  only  a  short  period  of  un- 
certain duration,  instead  of  drawing 
their  substitute  draft  and  having  it 
"accepted,"  they  simply  borrow  at 
the  market  loan  rate.  They  pay  a 
little  higher  rate  of  interest  than  they 
would  pay  if  they  used  the  "accept- 
ance," but  they  can  repay  the  loan  at 
will,  thus  saving  interest,  whereas  an 
"acceptance"  stands  out  for  a  definite 
time;  and  while  an  acceptance  can  be 
"anticipated"  in  payment,  the  system 
of  direct  borrowing  against  export  col- 
lections going  forward  is  often  the 
most  economical  way. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  in 
"accepting"  these  substitute  drafts 
the  bank  is  simply  loaning  its  credit 
to  the  manufacturer,  and  if  his  for- 
eign customer  refuses  to  take  the 
goods,  or  fails  to  pay,  the  bank  will 
have  recourse  to  the  manufacturer, 
just  as  in  old-fashioned  discounting. 
The  bank  considers  the  credit  of  the 
foreign  buyer  and  its  own  possession 
of  the  original  draft  and  documents 
as  only  collateral  security.  It  does 
not  in  any  sense  buy  title  to  the  goods, 
although  possession  of  the  draft  and 
documents  is  equivalent  to  physical 
possession. 

The  highly  developed  form  of  "re- 
financing" described  is  almost  ideal 
for  use  by  the  newly  created  export 
associations  and  is  sure  to  be  devel- 
oped. By  having  an  account  with  an 
international  bank  and  the  arrange- 
ments described,  the  export  associa- 
tion can  extend  credit  to  its  foreign 
customers,  and  meet  the  bills  of  its 
members  (which  ordinarily  sell  to  it 
on  "30  days  cash"  basis)  ordinarily 
carrying  the  longer  foreign  credits  by 
refinancing,  the  spread  of  its  foreign 
business  and  the  large  number  of  dif- 
ferent individual  drafts  to  a  variety 
of  consignees  making  the  "accept- 
ance" of  the  substitute  drafts  a  good 
risk  which  warrants  the  bank  in  ac- 
cording liberal  lines  of  credit. 


153 


Foreign  Trade  Ground  Work  by  Correspondence 


(Continued  from  page  148) 


' '  Unless  we  hear  from  you  by  De- 
cember 2,  we  shall  employ  a  draft  with 
the  expectation  that  you  will  protect 
it  when  presented." 

Even  in  the  last  letter  of  the  series 
the  courtesy  of  the  firm  is  emphasized. 
Mail    a    Catalog 
With   the   Letter 
In  reply  to  a  request  for  a  catalog 
the  conventional  type  of  letter  begins: 
•'We  are  pleased  to  receive  your  kind 
letter  and  are  forwarding  catalog  un- 
der separate  cover."    The  modern  let- 
ter ties  up  the  catalog  with  the  letter 
in  this  fashion: 

"It  is  a  pleasure  to  learn  from  your 
letter  of  July  10  that  you  are  inter- 
ested in  Dover  Typewriter  Desks. 

' '  Your  specifications  call  for  a  desk 
which  permits  the  machine  to  remain 
in  a  horizontal  position  when  raised 
or  lowered  for  covering.  The  Dover 
No.  10  is  the  ideal  desk  for  this  pur- 
pose. In  order  that  you  may  see  it  il- 
lustrated in  both  the  upright  and  low- 
ered position,  we  are  mailing  you  our 
catalog.  If  you  will  turn  to  page  10 
you  will  find  out  just  how  efficiently 
the  desk  operates.  Notice  also  that 
it  costs  no  more  than  other  standard 
equipment. 

"No  desk  requires  so  small  a  space 
as  this  folding  type.  It  is  therefore 
very  desirable  for  offices  occupied  by 
several. 

"You  can  get  this  desk  manufac- 
tured in  both  the  mahogany  and  quar- 
tersawed  oak,  in  various  sizes  and 
styles. 

"Should  you  decide  on  any  of  our 
equipment,  we  can  give  you  almost 
immediate  delivery." 

Wrong  and  Right  Way 

To    Answer    Complaints 

This  letter  really  gives  the  prospect 

the   idea   that   the   desk  will   suit  his 

needs    and    it    reflects    the    courteous 

attitude  of  the  firm. 

Just  a  final  letter  showing  the  way 
big  business  concerns  answer  com- 
plaints and  make  adjustments.  The 
wrong  way  to  do  the  thing  is  this: 

"Our  salesman,  Mr.  Brown,  has  re- 
quested that  we  hurry  forward  the  two 
casings  by  express.  These  we  are  glad 
to  ship  at  once,  but  it  will  be  impossi- 
ble to  make  shipment  on  anything 
other  than  c.  o.  d.  terms  for  the  reason 
that  we  cannot,  with  the  information 
which  we  have  at  hand,  see  our  way 
clear  to  charge  them  to  you  on  open 
account. 

"When  you  were  good  enough  to 
give  Mr.  Brown  this  order,  you  also 
gave  him  the  names  of  some  of  the 
firms  with  whom  you  have  been  deal- 
ing, and  kindly  filled  out  a  financial 
statement  blank.  After  consulting 
these  sources  of  information  we  have 
come  to  the  conclusion  that  we  shall 


be  warranted  in  extending  you  credit 
only  when  we  are  assured  that  the 
bills  will  be  discounted. 

"We  should  like  very  much  to  have 
permission  to  ship  your  order  c.  o.  d. 
and  if  you  will  kindly  permit  us  to  do 
this,  we  will  greatly  appreciate  the 
courtesy." 

Better  Business  Letters 
Minimize  Unpleasantness 
That  letter  was  written  in  answer 
to  a  man  who  complained  that  credit 
was  not  open  to  him.  The  following 
letter,  telling  the  man  exactly  why 
credit  was  not  allowed  him,  was  writ- 
ten from  the  standpoint  of  better  busi- 
ness letters.  It  starts  with  the  pleas- 
ant element : 

"Thank  you  for  the  very  complete 
financial  statement  and  for  the  list  of 
references  you  have  furnished  us 
through  Mr.  Brown. 

"Mr.  Brown,  as  well  as  the  people 
to  whom  you  have  referred  us,  speaks 
of  you  in  the  highest  terms.  At  the 
same  time,  your  present  liabilities  con- 
stitute a  large  proportion  of  your  as- 
sets and  this  feature  has  an  important 
bearing  on  your  future  purchasing 
power,  which  we  know  you  are  anxious 
to  increase  as  fast  as  convenient. 

"In  the  tire  business,  the  turnover 
is  much  more  rapid  than  in  most  lines 
and  for  this  reason  a  large  business 
may  safely  be  conducted  on  a  small 
capital.  Still,  there  can  naturally  be 
no  certainty  about  the  way  the  stock 
will  move,  so  that  your  only  safety 
lies  in  having  a  sufficient  cash  reserve 
to  carry  you  over  in  case  you  are  un- 
able to  realize  on  your  tire  sales  until 
after  your  invoices  for  them  come 
due. 

"Otherwise,  especially  in  the  case  of 
rapidly  growing  concerns  like  your 
own,  this  usually  results  in  the  bills 
not  being  paid  promptly  and  accounts 
for  the  difficulty  such  concerns  usual- 
ly experience  in  building  the  solid 
credit  standing  which  is  so  essential 
to   their  later  success. 

"Our  advice  to  you  would  be  that 
as  long  as  your  progress  so  far  has 
been  so  satisfactory,  you  confine  your 
tire  business  to  that  which  you  can 
handle  on  a  cash  basis,  and  we  sug- 
gest that  you  liave  us  handle  your 
present  order  in  this  way.  Either  it 
can  be  shipped  out  c.  o.  d.  or  upon 
receipt  of  your  remittance." 
Refusal  of  Credit 
Explained  Clearly 
That  sort  of  thing  takes  up  the  mat- 
ter from  the  prospect's  standpoint,  ex- 
plains to  him  clearly  and  in  a  fair- 
minded  way  just  why  you  are  refusing 
him  credit. 

The  instructions  to  correspondents 
of  one  of  the  biggest  concerns  in  the 
country  cover  the  matter  in  this  fash- 
ion: 


154 


Pan     Pacifii 


New  Year  Offers  Great  Opportunities 

TO  EXpOrterS— Says  Dr.  W.  E.  Aughinbaugh 


WHAT  does  the  year  1920  hold 
for  this  nation  in  overseas  mar- 
kets is  the  question  being  asked  among 
those  engaged  in  exporting  and  im- 
porting? 

The  consensus  of  opinion  of  those 
qualified  to  express  themselves  on  this 
vital  problem  is  that  the  United  States 
is  today  confronted  by  the  most  ex- 
ceptional commercial  possibilities  the 
world  has  ever  seen,  provided  her  Gov- 
ernment and  her  people  will  properly 
grasp  the  situation  and  heartily  co- 
operate in  achieving  the  goal  within 
their  reach. 

And  there  is  ample  precedent  in 
history  for  this  conclusion.  Every  war 
involving  several  countries  from  the 
beginning  of  time  has  always  left  in 
its  wake  disorganization,  local  and  na- 
tional, weakened  credits  and  depres- 
sion. Yet  somehow  the  world  evolved 
itself  from  each  turmoil  a  little 
stronger  and  better  than  it  was  at  the 
beginning  of  hostilities. 

May    Compare    Situation 
With  Napoleonic  Disaster 

Perhaps  the  war  most  comparable 
to  the  recent  one  was  that  which  ter- 
minated with  the  imprisonment  of  Na- 
poleon, whose  military  operations  had 
left  Europe  a  shambles.  The  loss  in 
man  power  was  relatively  speaking 
enormous.  Governments  were  disor- 
ganized. The  old  order  of  things  was 
gone.  People  were  desperate.  Famine 
and  disease  stalked  through  the  Con- 
tinent. "Work  was  scarce.  Production 
limited.  Money  depreciated.  Credits 
bad.  Chaos  reigned.  Disaster  threat- 
ened. All  of  Europe  was  in  as  des- 
perate a  position  then  as  she  finds  her- 
self today. 

But  all  this  gave  Great  Britain  her 
hour  of  opportunity.  Instead  of  join- 
ing in  the  world  wide  lamentation  she 
rose  supreme  to  the  occasion.  Her 
bankers  and  shippers,  her  merchants 
and  manufacturers,  with  one  accord, 
and  with  a  unity  which  we  in  the 
United  States  seem  to  lack,  took  ad- 
vantage of  the  position  in  which  they 
found  themselves  and  as  a  consequence 
have  held  the  trade  supremacy  thus 
gained  for  more  than  a  century. 

The  United  States  is  today  in  a  far 
more  favorable  position  than  Great 
Britain  was  when  the  Little  Corporal 
was  banished  to  Elba.  Transportation 
is  more  perfect.  Heavy  production  is 
possible.  Raw  materials  exist  in  pro- 
fusion throughout  our  territory.  Our 
man  power  is  practically  intact.  In- 
deed, we  have  gained  a  lesson  in  effi- 
ciency due  to  the  war.  Our  credits 
are  good.  An  enormous  balance  exists 


r 


OR.    W.    E.    AUGHINBAUGH 

in  our  favor  on  the  right  side  of  the 
ledger. 

The  majority  of  us  have  the  desire 
to  aid  in  stabilizing  the  world  and  are 
willing  to  work  toward  the  consumma- 
tion of  that  ideal.  But  to  accomplish 
that  purpose — to  attain  that  much  to 
be  desired  end — there  must  be  co-op- 
eration everywhere,  between  Govern- 
ment and  people,  between  banks  and 
merchants,  between  exporters  and  im- 
porters. 

Period  of  Transition 
Already   Has   Passed 

The  period  of  transition  from  war 
to  peace  has  passed.  Armies  have 
been  demobilized,  the  manufacture  of 
war  materials  has  ceased,  the  hum  of 
constructive  industry  is  heard  through- 
out the  land.  The  period  of  unre- 
stricted trade  with  the  wide  world 
looms  large  before  us.  The  economic 
unrest,  which  follows  all  wars,  as  the 
night  the  day,  is  dying  a  natural  death 
and  its  demise  will  be  hastened  when 
labor  realizes  that  only  an  expansion 
of  industry  can  take  care  of  the  help 
soon  to  be  available. 

One  of  the  greatest  needs  of  the 
moment  is  for  mutual  confidence.  Just 
as  the  Allied  spirit  of  mutual  confi- 
dence resulted  in  the  defeat  of  the 
common  enemy  of  mankind,  so  the 
spirit  of  mutual  confidence  developed 
among  the  nations  of  the  world  with 
whom  we  are  to  be  associated  com- 
mercially and  socially  will  do  much  to 
help  in  the  world  reconstruction  and 
in  the  stabilization  of  mankind. 


Foreign  trade  is  a  national  problem 
and  it  should  be  approached  from  an 
intelligent  standpoint.  We  need  now, 
more  than  ever,  Governmental  aid  if 
we  are  to  hold  the  markets  which  we 
have,  to  say  nothing  at  all  of  those 
which  may  come  to  us  through  the  ex- 
cellence of  our  products  or  the  effi- 
ciency of  our  methods.  And  this  as- 
sistance can  be  given  through  Govern- 
mental channels  in  three  ways  — 
namely,  by  assistance  in  the  line  of 
finance,  by  improvement  in  the  work 
of  the  Shipping  Board  and  through 
the  already  efficient  Department  of 
Commerce,  so  well  equipped  to  render 
help  of  a  practical  nature  to  both  the 
experienced  and  inexperienced  in  over- 
seas fields. 

Foreign  Credits  Problem 
Is   Now   Most   Important 

Let  us  briefly  consider  these  three 
sources  of  assistance  from  the  Govern- 
ment. The  problem  of  foreign  credits 
is  by  far  the  most  important.  For  the 
reconstruction  of  devastated  Europe 
as  well  as  for  the  aid  of  our  recent 
enemies  large  sums  of  money  must  be 
provided.  Individual  resources,  no 
matter  how  large  they  may  be,  cannot 
hope  to  accomplish  much  and  unless 
a  nation-wide  movement  is  started  in 
which  the  monied  interests  and  the 
United  States  Government  work  to- 
gether harmoniously  shoulder  to  shoul- 
der, we  cannot  hope  to  enjoy  the  great 
prosperity  which  is  bound  to  follow 
the  disturbances  abroad. 

It  is  true  that  the  Edge  bill  and  the 
War  Finance  Corporation  are  steps  in 
the  right  direction,  but  further  aid  of 
a  practical  financial  nature  is  needed 
and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  new 
Congress  will  make  the  proper  provi- 
sions for  this  assistance. 

The  Shipping  Board  has  promised 
much  and  done  little.  The  numerous 
allocations  and  new  routes  predicted 
by  this  body  have  not  materialized  in 
ships  actually  performing  the  service. 
If  we  cannot  cover  the  entire  world 
effectively  and  efficiently  let  us  spe- 
cialize in  some  one  territory,  and  at 
least  provide  for  that  region  adequate 
passenger  and  freight  service  so  that 
our  goods,  our  mails  and  our  represen- 
tatives can  reach  prospective  custom- 
ers ahead  of  our  European  competi- 
tors. The  American  manufacturer 
needs  tremendously  increased  facilities 
for  sending  his  goods  overseas  and 
pressure  should  be  applied  until  the 
proper  results  are  attained. 

The  mere  fact  of  21  American  ships 
returning  recently  from  European 
ports  in  ballast  shows  that  more  effi- 


February   1920 


15$ 


Hawaii  Plans  for  Bumper  Sugar  and  Pineapple  Crops 


HAWAII'S  sugar  crop  for  1920  will 
total  585,000  tons  and  there  will 
be  6,000,000  cases  of  canned  pineapples 
shipped  to  continental  United  States, 
according  to  estimates  by  Castle  & 
Cooke,  Honolulu  agents  for  the  Matson 
Navigation  Company,  which  will  han- 
dle the  transportation  of  both  com- 
modities. The  Matson  company's  heavy 
contract  comes  by  reason  of  the  fact 
that  with  the  close  of  the  1919  sugar 
season  the  shipment  of  sugar  through 
the  Panama  Canal  to  New  York  ceases. 
All  sugar  from  the  Hawaiian  Islands 
henceforth  will  go  into  San  Francisco 
for  refinement  by  the  California  re- 
fineries. 

Because  of  the  heavy  demand  for 
freight  tonnage  half  a  dozen  large 
shipping  board  vessels  have  been  al- 
located to  the  Matson  company  and  the 
three  big  liners,  Matsonia,  Maui  and 
Wilhelmina,  which  carried  troops 
across   the   Atlantic   during   the    war, 


have  been  returned  to  the  owners. 
These  vessels  each  have  a  deadweight 
freight  capacity  of  approximately  10,- 
000  tons.  Besides  these  the  Matson 
company  has  the  Manoa,  Lurline,  En- 
terprise and  Sachem,  also  combination 
freight  and  passenger  carriers,  and  the 
Hyades,  Silverado,  Meriden,  Glorieta, 
Glyndon,  Wallingford,  Marshfield  and 
Balliett,  all  Shipping  Board  freighters. 
For  the  second  time  since  Japanese 
laborers  were  imported  to  work  on  the 
sugar  plantations  in  1886  the  sugar 
planters  are  threatened  with  a  strike 
of  the  workers,  who  have  finally 
formed  labor  unions  and  demanded 
higher  wages,  shorter  hours  and  better 
living  conditions.  The  demands  of  the 
26,000  Japanese  laborers  and  the  12,- 
000  Filipino  workers  were  presented  to 
the  Hawaiian  Sugar  Planters  Associa- 
tion a  few  weeks  ago.  The  planters 
in  annual  convention  refused  to  meet 
all  demands  except  those  providing  for 


a  more  equable  arrangement  in  the 
paying  of  bonuses. 

The  convention  decided  to  pay  75 
per  cent  of  the  bonus  each  month  in- 
stead of  50  per  cent  as  heretofore,  the 
remainder  to  be  paid  at  the  end  of 
each  year,  providing  the  laborer  has 
remained  at  work  that  length  of  time. 
The  Japanese  union  demanded  $2.25  a 
day  for  all  workers  and  increase  in 
the  bonus.  The  present  wage  approxi- 
mates $60  a  month,  including  the 
bonus. 

The  reply  of  the  laborers  to  the  re- 
fusal of  the  planters  to  grant  their 
demands  has  not  been  made.  Should 
the  26,000  Japanese  and  the  12,000  Fili- 
pinos refuse  to  return  to  work  Ha- 
waii's 1920  sugar  crop,  valued  at  $30,- 
000,000,  will  be  endangered,  as  the 
Japanese  and  Filipino  plantation  work- 
ers total  more  than  90  per  cent  of  all 
laborers  on  the  plantations. 


ciency  is  needed  in  the  operation  of 
these  vessels,  especially  when  we 
learn  that  British  cargo  carriers  from 
European  ports  are  arriving  heavily 
ladened.  Owing  to  the  great  scarcity 
of  bottoms  ships  never  were  in  such 
demand  and  if  we  are  to  have  a  mer- 
chant marine  it  must  be  maintained 
on  a  profitable  basis,  and  that  means 
full  holds  on  the  outgoing  as  well  as 
on  the  homeward  bound  voyages. 

Without  American  cables  to  all  parts 
of  the  world — that  is  American  owned 
and  American  operated  cables  —  we 
cannot  sell  goods,  buy  goods  or  suc- 
cessfully operate  our  vessels,  against 
the  increasing  competition  bound  to 
come  as  the  world  settles  down  to 
business  pursuits.  The  sooner  we 
adopt  a  means  for  accomplishing  this 
all  important  purpose,  the  sooner  will 
success  attend  our  foreign  trade  ven- 
tures. 

The  Department  of  Commerce  is 
well  organized  today  to  render  to  the 
business  man  of  the  United  States 
whatever  aid  he  may  need  in  prospect- 
ing foreign  markets  and  it  solicits  cor- 
respondence with  every  one  desirous 
of  entering  these  verdant  fields  of  op- 
portunity. Unfortunately  too  few  avail 
themselves  of  the  wealth  of  data  on 
hand  or  else  are  ignorant  of  the  fact 
that  in  this  department  there  is  a 
special  bureau  devoted  exclusively  to 
the  development  of  foreign  trade. 

Government  Co-operation 
In  Entering  New  Markets 
If  you  are  in  doubt  about  any  for- 
eign trade  problem  consult  the  De- 
partment of  Commerce.  If  a  group  of 
business  men  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  any  specific  line  ask  the  aid  of 
this  department  special  governmental 
trade  investigators  will  be  sent  the 
world  over  to  study  the  subject  and 
make  reports  to  those  interested.  No 
government  goes  this  far  in  co-operat- 


ing with  its  subjects  to  enter  foreign 
markets. 

Many  of  our  large  manufacturing 
concerns,  such  as  The  General  Electric 
Company,  The  National  Harvester 
Company,  The  Standard  Oil  Company 
and  others  are  engaged  in  exploring 
the  countries  of  the  globe  for  possible 
markets  for  their  general  and  special 
lines.  Their  experts  are  to  be  found 
in  the  highways  and  byways  of  com- 
merce, wherever  men  buy  and  sell,  not 
with  the  idea  of  selling  a  dollar's 
worth  of  goods  but  solely  to  study 
markets  and  to  improve  their  products 
as  well  as  their  selling  methods,  or 
otherwise  expressed  they  are  engaged 
for  the  purpose  of  trade  research  and 
trade  investigation. 

Prom  the  fund  of  valuable  informa- 
tion which  these  efficient  men  are  col- 
lecting at  its  source  these  and  other 
organizations  will  be  able  to  hold  mar- 
kets against  all  comers.  If  one's  busi- 
ness is  not  large  enough  to  conduct 
such  a  thorough  prospecting  campaign 
as  these  concerns  of  large  wealth  are 
doing  similar  prospecting  of  potential 
markets  could  be  done  by  the  group 
method,    whereby     several     competing 

Mexico  Needs  Rail  Supplies 

Large  orders  for  railroad  supplies  of  all 
kinds,  including  rolling  stock  and  steel  rails, 
aggregating  many  thousands  of  dollars,  will 
soon  be  placed  in  this  country  by  the  Mex- 
ican National  Railways,  according  to  B.  M. 
Campos,  representative  of  the  director  of  the 
Mexican  Railway  Administration.  The  Mex- 
ican Government  is  planning  elaborate  im- 
provements in  its  railway  systems,  and  the 
contemplated  improvements  call  for  new  en- 
gines, coaches  and  other  supplies.  San  Fran- 
cisco headquarters  of  the  Mexican  National 
Railways  have  been  established  in  the  Russ 
building.  That  there  will  at  once  be  an 
increase  in  the  volume  of  trade  between  the 
two  countries  is  predicted  by  Lazaro  Basch, 
Mexican  government  trade  representative  in 
San  Francisco. 


producers  may  combine  for  the  study 
of  overseas  territories. 

Quality  of  Goods 
Must  Be  Maintained 
Let  us  keep  in  mind  in  all  of  our 
dealings  with  foreign  customers,,  no 
matter  where  located,  that  the  quality 
of  the  goods  sold  must  always  be  as 
represented.  Nothing  creates  so  much 
unfavorable  comment  as  to  have  vary- 
ing standards.  In  the  end  it  practi- 
cally forces  a  disgusted  customer  on 
our  waiting  competitor. 

Perhaps  one  of  the  greatest  aids  in 
holding  foreign  markets  after  they 
have  been  obtained  is  a  flexible  tariff, 
applicable  to  the  nations  doing  the 
bulk,  of  their  trading  with  the  United 
States.  This  practice  among  European 
traders  did  much  to  draw  business  to 
them  and  to  hold  clients  against  the 
keenest  competition.  Certainly  a  com- 
plete revision  of  our  present  tariff  with 
this  feature  in  view  is  needed  so  that 
our  exporters  and  importers  can  ad- 
just themselves  to  the  changed  condi- 
tions which  now  confront  them. 

While  many  difficulties  confront  us, 
there  is  no  need  for  fear  or  doubt.  We 
have  the  ability  to  overcome  whatever 
obstacles  may  be  placed  in  our  path. 
America  has  never  fallen  down  on  any- 
thing of  great  concern  to  its  inhabit- 
ants. The  spirit  which  has  made  us 
what  we  are  among  the  peoples  of 
the  world  will  hold  us  in  the  right 
course  and  make  us  victors  in  the  end, 
provided  we  are  not  too  self  assured 
of  success,  and  also  if  we  exercise  to 
our  limit  the  great  power  of  co-opera- 
tion. 


156 


Pan     Pacific 


Make  Tropics  Attractive  to  Women  and 
Their  Development  will  be  Rapid,Bys.p.vemer 


THE  most  important  decision  made 
by  the  builder  of  the  Panama 
Canal  was  not  in  the  realm  of  engi- 
neering— it  was  in  the  realm  of  sociol- 
ogy. It  was  his  decision  to  encourage 
the  canal  diggers  to  bring  their  wives 
to  Panama. 

Many  writers  have  frequently 
averred  that  Caucasian  women  do  not 
thrive  in  tropical  countries.  They  say 
that  even  if  the  men  can  stand  it  after 
a  fashion,  it  means  ill  health  and 
premature  death  to  the  women,  and 
that  it  is  especially  hard  for  them 
to  bear  and  to  rear  children  there  suc- 
cessfully. The  case  of  the  British  in 
India  is  frequently  cited,  while  the 
backwardness  of  tropical  America  is 
often  given  as  an  illustration. 

The  history  of  the  American  women 
in  the  Canal  Zone  may  not  be  accepted 
by  those  who  make  these  assertions  as 
conclusive,  but  taken  in  conjunction 
with  certain  recent  developments  in 
scientific  progress  and  in  medical  re- 
search it  is  a  strong  rebuttal  to  this 
hypothesis,  which  I  regard  as  entirely 
erroneous. 

Problems    of    Labor 
Not  Only  Solutions 

When  Gen.  Goethals  assumed  com- 
mand at  Panama  his  big  problem  was 
that  of  labor.  The  general  lines  of 
procedure  had  been  largely  worked 
out  and  laid  down  by  his  precedessors. 
But  Messrs.  Wallace,  Stevens  and 
Shonts  had  all  been  confronted  by  dif- 
ficulties in  dealing  with  the  men  which 
had  led  to  friction  in  different  direc- 
tions, finally  causing  Mr.  Taft  to  rec- 
ommend to  President  Roosevelt  the 
construction  of  the  canal  by  the  army. 

Goethals 's  first  big  task  was  to  con- 
solidate and  to  enthuse  the  big  civilian 
force  under  him.  He  and  his  little 
corps  of  army  officers  were  in  com- 
mand of  40,000  men,  whose  nearest 
approach  to  a  uniform  was  their  blue 
shirts.  Among  the  measures  he 
adopted  and  progressively  carried  as 
rapidly  as  possible  was  the  building 
of  homes  for  the  married  men  and  the 
encouragement  of  the  others  to  marry 
if  they  wished.  Of  course  quite  a 
number  had  already  done  so,  but  the 
Goethals  regime  witnessed  the  settle- 
ment on  the  zone  of  American  women 
as  one  of  its  most  marked  character- 
istics. 

The  result  has  been  that  in  twelve 
years  time  there  have  grown  up  on  the 
Isthmus  a  generation  of  young  Amer- 
icans. The  number  of  white  school 
children  is  well  above  a  thousand,  with 
possibly  as  many  more  on  the  waiting 
list,  and  several  hundred  alumni.  These 
are  the  liveliest,  healthiest,  most  self- 
assertive  and  most  cosmopolitan  bunch 


of  youngsters  in  any  community  of 
similar  size  under  the  American  flag. 
Two  of  the  girls  hold  world's  swim- 
ming championships;  two  of  the  boys 
outpitched  Ray  Caldwell  when  that 
erratic  star  joined  one  of  the  Isthmian 
baseball  teams  one  winter.  One  of 
the  girls  is  a  budding  poetess;  all  of 
them  have  become  the  subject  of 
pleased  comment  by  visitors  because 
of  their  vivacity,  their  vigor  and  the 
high  average  of  their  good  looks.  Sev- 
eral of  the  boys  went  to  France.  The 
first  casualty  from  the  Zone's  "400" 
who  went  to  the  war  was  that  of  a 
high    school    graduate.     Several    have 


NEW    CANADIAN    TRADE    EOUTES 

ANNOUNCEMENT  was  made  at  Ot- 
tawa recently  that  as  soon  as 
freights  offered  both  ways  that  the 
Dominion  Government  would  put  Into 
regular  service  a  line  of  steamers  op- 
erating from  British  Columbia  ports, 
via  the  Panama  Canal,  to  Canadian 
ports  on  the  Atlantic  seaboard,  and 
St.  Lawrence  River.  The  Vancouver 
Board  of  Trade  is  now  busily  engaged, 
with  other  trade  organizations,  in  se- 
curing guarantees  of  future  shipments 
via  water,  and  a  complete  commercial 
survey  of  the  possible  business  going 
East  will  be  made.  At  the  same  time 
trade  from  the  East  to  Western  Cana- 
da is  being  arranged.  The  Vancouver 
Board  of  Trade,  under  the  chairman- 
ship of  Chris  Spencer,  and  Secretary 
W.  E.  Payne,  has  developed  into  a 
real  100  per  cent  live  organization, 
which  can  be  depended  upon  to  open 
up  every  possible  trade  route  to  and 
from  British  Columbia. 


gone    to   West   Point,   Annapolis,   and 
other  institutions  "in  the  States." 

Glad    To    Get    Back 
.  To    Homes    In    Zone 

It  is  likely  that  a  comparative  study 
would  show  that  the  American  wom- 
en on  the  Zone  enjoy  better  health 
than  their  cousins  "at  home."  At 
any  rate,  most  of  them  who  go 
"home"  on  vacation  are  "glad  to  get 
back." 

It  is  of  course  too  early  to  test  the 
theory  that  after  several  generations 
the  strain  will  weaken,  but  there  are 
a  large  number  of  white  families  in 
Panama  city  whose  blood  has  been  un- 
mixed for  more  than  three  centuries 
and  they  are  very  much  alive  today. 
The  wealthy  and  cultured  president  of 
the  Panama  Association  of  Commerce 
has  ten  children  of  exceptional  phys- 
ical and  intellectual  vigor  and  their 
ancestry  dates  almost  back  to  Balboa's 
day. 

Panama  is  an  excellent  place  for  ob- 
servations on   this   subject,  as  it  has 


gone  through  so  many  unhappy  epi- 
sodes, been  subjected  to  so  many  hard- 
ships, exposed  to  every  sort  of  infec- 
tion owing  to  its  location  on  the  great 
international  trade  routes  for  centuries 
and  was  so  long  the  seat  of  epidemic 
yellow  fever  and  malaria.  Those  who 
survived  all  that  are  truly  a  case  of 
the  "survival  of  the  fittest,"  and 
Panama's  Castilian  families  deserve 
the  palm  in  that  respect. 

Tropical  territories  differ  climatical- 
ly from  temperate  only  in  two  funda- 
mental points  —  higher  temperature 
and  different  distribution  of  rainfall. 
These  lead  to  minor  corollary  differ- 
ences— high  humidity,  abundance  of 
insect  life,  higher  germ  incidence  and 
great  vegetable  vitality.  But  none  of 
these  are  intrinsically  destructive  of 
the  reproductive  energy  of  the  Cau- 
casian race. 

Unfavorable    Factors 
Reduced  to  Minimum 

The  combination  of  many  unfavor- 
able factors,  political,  hygienic,  phys- 
iological and  others,  has  become  re- 
sponsible for  the  slow  progress  of 
white  colonization  in  the  tropics,  and 
where,  as  on  the  Canal  Zone,  these 
factors  are  reduced  to  a  minimum,  it 
is  probable  that  the  Caucasian  race 
may  become  permanently  acclimated 
and  flourish.  Then,  too,  there  are 
high  mountains  everywhere  in  the 
tropics  close  to  the  low  lands  to  which 
the  whites  might  resort  periodically 
while  undergoing  the  orientation  to 
the  new  conditions. 

One  of  these  is  within  twenty  miles 
of  Colon,  and  if  the  early  Spaniards 
had  built  a  road  to  it  and  settled  upon 
it,  some  of  the  factors  in  the  back- 
wardness of  Panama  would  have  been 
eliminated,  generations  ago,  and  the 
history  of  South  America  might  have 
been  different.  Plans  are  under  way 
by  the  Americans  to  do  this  now. 
When  it  is  done,  the  whole  colony 
there  may  be  able  to  enjoy  the  same 
climate  as  that  of  Virginia  in  the  au- 
tumn and  the  progress  of  the  country 
will  be  immensely  stimulated.  There 
are  more  than  ten  thousand  square 
miles  of  such  cool  uplands  in  the  re- 
public. 

Once  the  business  world  begins  to 
follow  Gen.  Goethal's  example  and  to 
make  its  tropical  concessions  and 
properties  safe,  comfortable  and  at- 
tractive to  women  who  could  live  with 
their  husbands  there,  there  will  ensue 
a  rapidity  of  development  that  will 
astonish  the  world.  I  regard  such  a 
policy  as  a  sine  qua  non  to  business 
success  in  those  regions. 


February  I  920 


157 


World  Traders  of  Los  Angeles  Celebrate  Organization  With  Banquet 


WORLD  TRADERS  OF  LOS  ANGELES  INAUGURAL  BANQUET 


The  World  Traders  of  Los  Angeles  have  or- 
ganized to  encourage  world  trade  V>y  promot- 
ing friendly  relations  with,  and  the  business 
interests  of,  various  foreign  countries,  and  to 
acquire  and  give  to  members  available  busi- 
ness information  relative  to  the  markets  of 
the  world.  The  organization  recently  cele- 
brated its  inception  with  a  banquet  at  which 
several  prominent  speakers  gave  the  members 
information  of  great  value  in  furthering  over- 
seas commerce  from  Los  Angeles.  Members 
and  guests  attending  included: 

Officers:  President,  George  B.  Carpenter, 
Merchants  National  Bank;  Vice-president,  G. 
W.  Saurret,  Llewellyn  Iron  Works;  Secretary, 
W.  W.  Wilmot,  Pan  Pacific  Corporation. 


Directors:  R.  R.  Sweitzer,  Western  Ma- 
ehiney  Co.;  R.  C.  Meade,  Western  Wholesale 
DrugCo.;  H.  S.  McKee,  Merchants  National 
Bank;  C.  H.  Matson,  Board  of  Harbor  Com- 
missioners; S.  L.  Kreider,  Shipping  and  In- 
surance; R.  D.  Kaufman,  Judson  Freight  For- 
warding Co. 

Members  and  Guests:  D.  M.  Mills,  Kings 
bury  &  Co.;  E.  G.  Pollak,  Kingsbury  &  Co.; 
William  Dunkerley,  Chamber  of  Commerce  of 
Los  Angeles;  Robert  E.  Tracey,  Cooper,  Coate 
&  Casey;  E.  L.  McDonough,  Los  Angeles-Pa- 
cific Navigation  Co.;  A.  Claude  Braden,  Bra- 
den  Preserving  Co.;  E.  P.  Adney,  E.  Naum- 
berg  &  Co.;  C.  E.  Yenney,  S.  L.  Kreider; 
Maurice  Carasso,  Union  Trading  Co.;  James 
Loudon,    Harrison    Direct    Line;    J.    G.   Bray, 


Pacific  Marine  Review;  R.  S.  Robinson,  E. 
Naumberg  &  Co.;  G.  A.  Smith,  Universal  Sales 
Co.;  Paul  W.  Lownsbry,  Braden  Preserving 
Co.;  W.  Pratt,  Llewellyn  Iron  Works;  B.  H. 
Carmichael,  Bishop  &  Bahler  Co.;  J.  E.  Free- 
ney,  C.  E.  Van  Landingham  Co.;  O.  W. 
Holmes,  Latin- American  Advertising  Co.;  H. 
II.  Uallowell,  Western  Machinery  Co.;  F.  B. 
('tamer,  Bishop  &  Bahler  Co.;  W.  D.  Webb, 
Collins  &  Webb,  Inc.;  John  Hisserich,  Collins 
&  Webb,  Inc.;  W.  B.  Marsh,  Western  Ma- 
chinery Co.;  W.  J.  McPherson,  McCormick  & 
McPherson;  James  E.  Helpling,  Western  Traf- 
fic Service;  J.  H.  Ramboz,  Merchants  National 
Hank;  Karl  R.  Levy,  Attorney;  E.  J.  Armer, 
Cohn-Gold water  Co.:  C.  E.  Bobertz,  Costa  Ri 
can  Consul. 


Far  East  Trade  Review 

The  work  of  installing  the  new  au- 
tomatic telephone  exchange  in  Manila 
is  practically  completed.  The  first  sec- 
tion of  the  city  to  be  served  auto- 
matically will  be  Binondo  and  Santa 
Cruz,  the  business  district.  About 
2,000  telephones  will  be  equipped  with 
the  automatic  calling  method,  and 
should  the  system  prove  successful  it 
will  be  extended  to  the  entire  city. 

A  short  time  ago  a  $5,000,000  cor- 
poration, which  will  accept  contracts 
to  build  and  repair  roads  of  any  type 
of  material,  was  formed  by  leading 
business  men  of  Japan.  At  present 
there  are  no  sidewalks,  and  the  roads 
are  very  narrow,  which  makes  auto- 
mobiling  very  difficult,  as  everyone 
walks  in  the  middle  of  the  road.  The 
new  project  includes  the  widening  of 
the  roads,  which  will  no  doubt  open 
up  a  market  for  automobiles.  The 
rickshaw  is  the  most  common  vehicle 
in  Japan,  though  there  are  thousands 
of  bicycles.  On  account  of  the  dense 
population  of  Japan,  good  roads  are  an 
actual  necessity. 

— o — 

Bristle  manufacturers  in  Hankow 
are  authority  that  an  American  firm 
has    under    consideration    a    plan    for 


running  a  bristle  factory  in  Hankow 
on  its  own  account.  Bristles  of  all 
kinds  will  be  bought  from  native  col- 
lectors and  prepared  for  export.  Ac- 
cording to  the  native  manufacturers, 
this  enterprise  requires  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  the  trade. 


A  native  millet  growing  abundantly 
in   abaca   fields   is  being  used   in   the 


Camarines,  Philippine  Islands,  for 
food,  as  a  substitute  for  rice.  It  has 
a  pleasant  flavor  and  shells  easily. 
Samples  of  the  millet  have  been  sent 
to  the  Bureau  of  Agriculture  for  tech- 
nical analysis,  and  it  is  believed  that 
if  it  is  found  thoroughly  suitable  for 
food  the  rice  problem  of  that  Prov- 
ince is  solved,  as  any  amount  of  it 
can  be  gathered  from  the  abaca  fields, 
where  it  thrives  in  a  wild  state. 


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Machinery  and  Equipments 

FOR  CHEMICAL,  SUGAR  and  INDUSTRIAL  PLANTS 

Write  Me  Your  Requirements 

BARTHOLOMEW     VIOLA,     M.     E. 

CONSULTING  AND  EXPORTING  ENGINEER 

Member  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers 

309  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK,  U.  S.  A. 


fiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiMiiiiiiimimiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiimiNiiiiiiiiiiiitmiiiiiitmmiiH 


158 


Pan     Pacific 


"Never  forget  that  the  letters  which 
go  out  from  the  Chalmers  factory  rep- 
resent the  Chalmers  Automobile  Com- 
pany. When  you  are  writing  a  busi- 
ness letter  the  company  is  speaking 
through  you.  The  recipient  of  the  let- 
ter, perhaps,  has  never  met  a  single 
person  connected  with  the  factory.  He 
gets  his  impression  of  the  Chalmers 
Company  from  the  letter  you  write 
him. 

"In  a  large  sense,  all  letters  which 
go  out  from  the  factory  are  sales  let- 
ters. We  are  in  the  business  to  make 
sales.  Sales  are  the  result  of  confi- 
dence. We  gain  the  confidence  of  peo- 
ple by  treating  them  rightly;  by  be- 
ing accurate,  straightforward  and  hon- 
est in  all  our  dealings. 

"Answer  all  letters  the  day  they  are 
received. 

"Remember  that  inaccuracy  kills 
both  time  and  business.  Get  things 
straight." 


New  Radio  Service 
Plan  for  Pacific 

(Continued  from  paee  143) 

States  and  the  Orient  and  American- 
insular  possessions  in  the  Pacific.  The 
rate  decided  on  is  six  cents  a  word 
between  California  stations  and  Manila 
and  three  cents  a  word  to  Hawaii. 

In  the  past  the  navy  has  been  in  a 
position  to  handle  less  than  5,000 
words  for  transmission  to  Hawaii  and 
the  Far  East  daily,  due  to  low  power 
equipment  and  hand  transmission.  Ex- 
change of  news  matter  between  this 
country  and  the  Par  East  has  been  de- 
pendent on  a  greatly  congested  cable 
heretofore. 

The  new  arrangement,  which  will 
be  open  to  routine  commercial  busi- 
ness, is  expected  by  officials  to  aid 
greatly  also  in  the  building  up  of  trade 
by  American  interests  with  Hawaii, 
Guam  and  the  East. 

New  equipment  of  the  most  modern 
type  is  now  being  installed  at  Hono- 
lulu and  Manila.  The  improved  sys- 
tem will  include  a  350  kilowatt  loop 
between  San  Prancisco  and  Honolulu 
and  a  similar  loop  to  the  Hawaiian 
city  from  San  Diego.  Both  systems, 
capable  of  transmitting  and  receiving 
messages  at  the  same  time,  will  have 
a  capacity  of  about  seventy-five  words 
a  minute  each  way. 

Mechanical  sending  devices,  using 
tape  upon  which  the  message  to  be 
sent  has  been  punched  in  dots  and 
dashes  and  which  feeds  through  the 
sending  key  automatically  in  place  of 
the  old  style  hand  sending  and  pho- 
tographic receiving  systems  will  be 
used.  Between  Honolulu  and  Guam 
and  Guam  and  Cavite,  Philippine  Isl- 
ands, similar  loops  of  100  kilowatt 
power  will  be  used. 


All  group  stations  in  the  chain  will 
be  operated  by  the  central  control 
station  method  whereby  the  sending 
and  receiving  equipment  of  any  num- 
ber of  stations  in  a  given  locality  may 
be  operated  from  a  central  point.  Un- 
der the  new  arrangement  but  a  few 
hours  will  be  required  to  transmit 
lengthy  messages  from  the  Philippines 
to  any  point  in  the  United  States.  It 
is  hoped  to  complete  pending  negotia- 
tions with  the  Japanese  Government 
for  close  co-operation  between  the  new 
Pacific  radio  system  and  Japanese  sta- 


Pearl  Harbor  Naval  Base 

THE  most  important  step  in  the  his- 
tory of  Hawaii  since  the  annexation 
was  made  on  August  21,  1919,  when 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  Josephus  Dan- 
iels opened  the  great  Naval  Drydock 
at  Pearl  Harbor,  the  second  largest 
of  its  kind  in  the  United  States,  and 
the  only  Government  drydock  without 
the  Continental  boundaries  of  America. 

Thus  did  Hawaii  gain  for  itself 
a  great  national  asset,  one  of  the 
factors  which  will  aid  in  eventually 
making  Pearl  Harbor  one  of  the 
greatest  American  naval  bases.  And 
thus  did  the  American  nation  gain  an 
asset  which  will  assist  materially  in 
caring  for  the  new  fleet  which  Secre- 
tary Daniels  and  the  Department  of 
the  Navy  hope  to  maVe  the  finest, 
largest  and  most  powerful  in  the 
world. 

It  required  ten  years  to  build  the 
drydock  and  cost  the  United  States 
Navy  $10,000,000.  It  is  only  one  unit 
in  the  plans,  however,  which  will  run 
well  into  $50,000,000  before  all  the 
improvements  are  brought  to  comple- 
tion and  Pearl  Harbor  takes  her  prop- 
er place  as  the  Pacific  Ocean's  great- 
est  naval   base. 

When  the  vessels  of  the  Pacific  fleet 
emerged  from  the  Panama  Canal  into 
the  Pacific  Ocean  the  commerce  of  the 
United  States  entered  upon  a  new  era. 
The  commercial  center  of  gravity 
shifted  from  the  east  to  the  west. 
The  Pacific  became  a  busier  ocean  than 
it  has  ever  been  in  the  past,  but 
henceforth  its  importance  and  volume 
of  trade  will  increase  rapidly. 

The  United  States  has  today  a  navy 
second  only  to  that  of  Great  Britain. 
It  has  a  merchant  marine  second  to 
none.  It  was  Admiral  Mahan  who 
said  that  a  nation  that  has  a  great 
merchant  marine  needs  a  correspond- 
ingly large  navy  to  protect  its  marine 
business. 

And  half  of  the  navy  is  to  be  sta- 
tioned in  the  Pacific.  That  of  itself 
is  indicative  of  what  the  government 
considers  the  possibilities  of  our  mer- 
chant marine  in  this  ocean. 

Hawaii  will  inevitably  profit  by  the 
huge  volume  of  traffic  in  the  Pacific. 
Hawaii  is  indeed  the  "half-way 
house,"  the  "crossroads  of  the  Pa- 
cific. ' '  The  Pacific  fleet  itself,  com- 
prising ultimately  a  much  greater  num- 
ber of  vessels  than  at  present,  will  re- 
quire permanent  stations.  There  must 
be  an  immense  amount  of  construc- 
tion work  done — more  drydocks,  more 
repair  shops,  more  docks  and  more 
wharves. 


tions,  thus  insuring  the  efficient  ex- 
change of  news  and  commercial  mes- 
sages on  a  large  scale  between  Japan 
and  China  and  this  country. 

In  addition  to  providing  an  ex- 
tremely valuable  means  of  communica- 
tion between  the  United  States  and 
the  islands  of  the  Pacific  and  the  far 
East  the  new  system  will  be  a  valuable 
link  in  the  national  defence  system, 
naval  officers  asserted.  A  great  dan- 
ger in  time  of  peace,  they  said,  was 
that  the  radio  communication  system 
would  disintegrate  through  its  per- 
sonnel becoming  inefficient  and  its  ma- 
terial useless  through  lack  of  use.  By 
handling  constantly  a  large  volume 
of  traffic  daily  the  system  would  be 
kept  in  the  highest  state  of  efficiency 
at  all  times  and  should  necessity  arise 
the  personnel  would  be  highly  trained 
and  ready  for  any  emergency  that 
might  develop. 

Privately  owned  companies  in  Ha- 
waii and  near  San  Francisco,  whose 
old  fashioned  equipment  now  seri- 
ously interferes  with  communication 
between  the  naval  stations,  also  will 
install  new  and  modern  apparatus. 
o 

Here    Is   a    Chance 

For   Trade    Envoys 

By  E.  J.  VAUGHT 

Foreign  Trade  Class,  Knights  of  Columbus 
Night  School,  San  Francisco 

In  the  early  years  of  the  German  effort  to 
dominate  foreign  trade  great  gain  was  ob- 
tained by  assisting  and  placing  young  men  in 
the  right  position  with  German  foreign  cus- 
tomers and  prospective  customers.  German 
newspapers  as  late  as  1910  published  page 
after  page,  monthly,  of  German  men  who  were 
living  in  foreign  lands.  Addresses  as  well  as 
old  home  towns  were  given. 

The  American  draft  law  did  not  only  take 
the  never-do-well  and  the  hobo  but  also  took 
boys  from  our  best  families.  Not  every  col- 
lege graduate  was  given  a  commission. 

.Many  thousands  of  our  young  demobilized 
men  have  had  their  first  taste  of  foreign  land 
visits.  They  are  going  again.  Will  the 
American  business  men  refuse  to  take  advan- 
tage of  this  exodus? 

With  little  expense  the  hundreds  of  young 
men  from  the  Pacific  Coast  who  accept  posi- 
tions in  foreign  lands  could  be  made  that 
many  "Special  Commercial  Agents." 

Out  of  a  class  of  .100  demobilized  service 
men  studying  foreign  trade  in  the  Knights  of 
Columbus  Night  School  at  150  Golden  Gate 
Avenue  over  60  have  expressed  desires  to  ac- 
cept  positions  in  Asia,  Oceania  or  South  Amer- 
ica. There  are  in  this  class  college  graduates, 
men  who  speak  and  write  Russian,  Spanish, 
Japanese  and  French.  One  Frenchman  has 
recently  passed  his  examination  as  a  pharma- 
cist before  the  State  Board   of  California. 

A  number  of  these  men  will  obtain  posi- 
tions in  foreign  countries  with  which  Amer- 
icans desire  to  extend  their  business.  Over 
85%  of  these  men  now  hold  positions  paying 
from  $100  to  $250  per  month. 

These  meu  are  paying  nothing  for  tuition, 
books  or  stationery.  Americans  paid  for  it 
all  when  they  subscribed  to  the  one  hundred 
million  dollar  war  welfare  drive  in  1918. 

We  feel  we  have  done  our  best  to  serve  our 
government  in  the  late  war.       The  payment 
for  this   war   now   falls   upon   you.     May  we 
assist  you  to  carry  this  burden  by  represent 
ing  you  in  some  foreign  country? 


February  1920 


159 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 

PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  And  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
Held  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 

ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DRE8SO." 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-PULLEY." 


THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX,55   Defiance,   Ohio. 

AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 

THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  CO.,  620  South 
Spring  Street.  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Growers,  ex- 
porters and  importers  of  all  kinds  of  seeds. 
Cable  address   "JONMUS." 

ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives.  Im- 
porters a"»d  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  enamel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.    Export  steel,  iron, 


steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress "AMICO." 

CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.   General  Merchandise. 

EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorff 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 

BARHOLOMEW  VIOLA,  309  Broadway,  New 
York.  Consulting  and  exporting  engineer.  Full 
equipments  of  industrial  plants,  sugar  machin- 
ery, chemical  apparatus.  Wire  requirements  by 
cable  "Vimecons." 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address   "BEAVER." 

F.  E.  BOOTH  COMPANY,  110  Market  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  exporters, 
Crescent  Brand  Food  Products.  All  languages 
used. 

BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  Iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 

BROWN  PAPER  GOODS  COMPANY,  224 
West  Huron  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufac- 
turers and  exporters  of  paper  commodities  of 
all  descriptions.  Glassine  bags,  parchment  bags, 
candy  bags,  grease  proof  bags.  Correspondence 
solicited   from  jobbers  and  exporters. 

CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code  Western   Union.     All   languages. 

CENTRAL  MEDICAL  STORES,  (P.  G. 
Gomez  &  Co.,  Proprietors),  P.  O.  Box  249,  Co- 
lombo. Exporters  cinnamon  chips  and  oil, 
citronel  oil,  copra,  etc.  Importers  drugs,  chemi- 
cals, groceries  and  wines.  Bankers:  National 
Bank   of  India,   Ltd.,   Colombo. 

CHUNG  MEI  TRADING  CORPORATION.  S 
11  Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai.  China,  U.  S.  Box  764. 
Importers  and  exporters.  Cable  address  "Chung- 
mei  Shanghai."     All  codes  used. 

CLEVELAND  IMPORT  &  MANUFACTUR- 
ING COMPANY,  Laughlin  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Commission  merchants.  Importers 
and  Exporters.  Established  1873.  Cable  ad- 
dress "CLEIMPCO." 

CO-OP  AGENCY  COMPANY,  P.  O.  Box  265. 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Importers  of  textiles,  hard- 
ware, metals  and  sundries.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products.  Telegrams:  Coagency.  Code: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  6th  Edition,  Marconi's  Int. 
and  Private. 

CLYDE  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY,  642  First 
Avenue,  Seattle,  Washington.  Machinery  and 
supply   merchants.    Export   orders   a   specialty. 


Quotations  furnished.  Special  machinery  made 
to  order.  Correspondence  in  all  languages  and 
codes. 

L.  D1NKELSPIEL,  Inc.,  115-135  Battery  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Wholesale  dealers, 
jobbers  and  exporters  of  dry  goods,  furnishing 
goods,  notions  and  fancy  goods.  Cotton  piece 
goods,  linens,  dress  goods,  silks,  flannels,  hos- 
iery, underwear,  shirts,  sweaters,  ribbons,  laces, 
threads,  blankets,  quilts.  Correspondence  in  all 
languages.     Cable  address  LIPSEKNID. 


ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY,  332  So.  La  Salle 
St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufacturers  of  grain 
driers  for  removing  excess  moisture  from  wheat, 
coffee,  beans,  peanuts  and  etc.  Rotary  driers 
for  removing  excess  moisture  from  corn  meal, 
hominy,   feeds  and  chemicals. 

S.  MIGUEL  FERNANDO,  Colombo,  Ceylon. 
Importers  and  exporters  of  wearing  apparel, 
household  and  fancy  goods.  Telegraphic  ad- 
dress, "FERMIG-COLOMBO,"  P.  O.  Box  No. 
96.     Codes  used:  A.  B.  C.  6th  Ed.  and  Private. 

ARTHUR  J.  FERNANDO  &  CO.,  Island  of 
Ceylon.     Exporters  of  all  Ceylon    products. 

GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives. Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Pine  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
Bast.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change 

F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 

HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 

HADBURN  &  COMPANY,  317  W.  Pico  Street. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Sole  distributors  of  Hoern- 
er's  Adjustable  Valve  Seat  Facer. 

H ALBURN  COMPANY,  317  W.  Pico  St.,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.  Distributors  of  the  Jensen 
Thermostat.  Automatically  supplies  proper 
amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen  to  make  per- 
fect combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  over- 
heating. Representation  desired  in  all  foreign 
countries. 

C.  M.  MOHAMED  HASSAN,  103  Main  Street. 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  of  all  Ceylon  prod- 
ucts. Importers  of  all  manufactured  articlea. 
Cable   address:   "Marzook,"   Colombo. 


160 


Pan    Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 

INDO-CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY,  P. 
O.  Box  82,  Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  all 
variety  Ceylon  products.  Importers  foreign 
manufactured  goods.  Cables:  "Oriental  Codes," 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  and  Private.  Bankers: 
Mercantile   Bank   of  India,   Ltd.,   Colombo. 

INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-416 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

A.  H.  ISMAIL,  19  Queen  Street,  Colombo, 
Ceylon.  Produce  exporters,  millers,  manufac- 
turers and  steamer  agents.  Telegrams:  "Va- 
thila,"  Colombo.  "Vathila,"  Galle.  "Barakella," 
Calcutta.  Ismail,  Grand,  Calcutta.  Codes: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Western  Union, 
Univ.    Edition,    Scott's   and   Private. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 

MURRY  JACOBS,  A.  C.  RULOFSON  COM- 
PANY, San  Francisco,  California.  Direct  mill 
representatives — Iron  and  steel  products.  Cor- 
respondence in  all  languages.     All  Codes  used. 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO.,  Los  Angeles, 
CaJ.  Manufacturers  of  the  Miller  carburetor. 
Representation  desired  in  all  foreign  countries. 
Literature  on  request. 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KAY  BEE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 
312  West  35th  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manu- 
facturers of  spotlights  for  automobile  and  other 
purposes.  Representation  desired  in  foreign 
countries. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leatner 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LA  VAN,  A.  K.  COMPANY,  207  Hastings  St., 
W.  Vancouver,  B.  C.,  Canada.  Exporters  and 
Importers,  Shipping  and  Commission,  Manufac- 
turers Agents.  Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds 
of  merchandise.  References:  Standard  Bank  of 
Canada,  Bank  of  Montreal  (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 
Branch).  Cable  address  "LAVAN,  VANCOUV- 
ER." Codes,  A.  B.  C,  Bentley's,  Western  Union. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MARVIN  SHOE  COMPANY,  Inc.,  216  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Exporter  and 
wholesaler  of  shoes.  Men's,  women's,  boys'  and 
children's  shoes.  Rubber  boots,  tennis  and  out- 
ing shoes.  All  styles  on  hand  for  immediate 
shipment.  Export  trade  solicited.  Cable  ad- 
dress, "VINMAR." 

R.  &  L.  MYERS  COMPANY,  717  Market  St., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Jewelers  supplies,  head- 
quarters for  watchmakers.  Oldest  material 
supply  house  in  San  Francisco. 

NATIONAL  AUTO  SALES  CORP.,  Marsh  - 
Strong  BIdg.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Dealers  In  re- 
newed, guaranteed  automobiles  of  the  better 
class.  Write  for  quotations,  descriptions,  etc. 
Correspondence  In  all  languages.  All  codes  used. 


NEGOMBO  TRADING  COMPANY,  13  Victoria 
Building,  Pettah,  Colombo.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products,  specializing  in  Cocoanut  oil,  Co- 
pra, Cinnamon,  Cocoa  and  Tea.  Telegraphic 
address:  "SOMERS,  COLOMBO."  Codes:  5th 
Edition,   Bentley's  and  Private. 

NITROLENE  OIL  COMPANY,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Exporters  of  Nitrolene  lubricating  oil, 
especially  blended  and  made  in  all  weights. 
Furnished  in  steel  drums  from  15  to  60  gallon 
capacity. 

NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  26  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's Code. 


PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 

PARKER  &  WATERMAN,  1203  West  Wash- 
ington Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Manufac- 
turers of  Angelus  Tire  Covers  for  automobile 
tires   as  well  as  Auto  Comfy  Cushions. 


VICTOR  PATRON,  Oceanic  BIdg.,  2  Pine  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan, 
Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and 
export  representatives.  Prices  and  catalogues 
furnished  on  application. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 


PLANET  RUBBER  COMPANY,  125  E.  Ninth 
St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufacturers  of  the 
Planet  Sub-Tire.  Described  as  a  tire  within  a 
tire.  Strengthens  and  stiffens  the  tire  side 
walls.  Foreign  representation  desired.  Cor- 
respondence   in  all  languages. 


QUINBY'S  CALIFORNIA  CHOCOLATE 
SHOPS,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Chocolate  candies 
especially  prepared  and  packed  for  export.  All 
codes  used.  Correspondence  in  all  languages. 
Cable  address:  "QUINBY'S"  LOS  ANGELES, 
CALIF. 

H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export;  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 

ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  BIdg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 

ROTH  WELL  &  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Hoge  Build- 
ing, Seattle,  Washington.  Importers,  exporters 
and  shippers.  Branches  at  New  York  City,  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  and  Kobe,  Japan.  Import  oils,  silk 
goods  and  fruits,  chemicals,  dyestuffs.  Iron,  steel 
and   machinery.     Correspondence  invited. 

SHIPPERS  COMMERCIAL  CORPORATION, 
Seattle,  Wash.  Exporters  and  Importers  Pacific 
Coast  products.  Cable  address  "Shlpcomco." 
All  codes  used. 

SAVAGE  TIRE  COMPANY,  San  Diego.  Calif. 
Manufacturers  and  exporters  of  automobile  tires 
and  tubes.  Measurement  both  by  millimeter  as 
well  as  inch  sizes.  Export  department  especially 
equipped  to  Intelligently  meet  the  demands  of 
foreign   merchants. 

SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING  COMPANY, 
Inc.,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle.  Washington. 
Branch  offices  Shanghai,  Hong  Kong,  Seattle. 
Kobe  and  Tokio.     Exporters  of  iron,  woodwork- 


ing and  textile  machinery,  iron,  steel,  pipe,  rail- 
way supplies,  cars,  locomotives,  glass,  plumbing 
fixtures,  hardware,  etc.  Correspondence  solic- 
ited. 


SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 
ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  CHENRYINC. 


HERBERT  W.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnols. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 


J.  L.  N.  SMYTHE  COMPANY,  30  South  Sixth 
Street,  Philadelphia,  Penn.  Exporters  of  every 
kind   of  paper.     Cable  or  write  your   needs. 

STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — Iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 

STEINBERG  &  SONS.  Head  office,  Tientsin, 
China.  Local  office,  260  California  Street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers,  importers,  ex- 
porters. Cable  address:  "STEINMORAN." 
Codes:  Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Ed.,  as  well  as 
all   standard   codes. 

SWINGSPOUT  MEASURE  COMPANY,  404  N. 
Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Manufacturers  of  oil  measures  for  garages,  au- 
tomobiles, gasoline  stations  and  etc.  Can  be 
used  for  all  liquids.  Agents  wanted  in  all  for- 
eign countries. 

THOMAS  &  COMPANY— Importers  and  Ex- 
porters. Importers  and  buyers  of  copra,  cocoa- 
nut  oil,  peanut  oil,  soya  bean  oil,  China  wood 
oil,  whale  oil,  fish  oils  and  tallows.  Cable  ad- 
dress "THOMAS"  Seattle. 


UNIVERSAL  SHIPPING  AND  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Seattle,  Washington — Shipowners, 
ship  brokers,  importers  and  exporters.  Marine 
cargo  surveyors  and  appraisers.  World  wide 
charterers.  Agencies  in  all  principal  ports. 
Cable  address  "USATCO"  Seattle.  UNSHIP- 
STRAD   New  York. 


HARRY  M.  WATERMAN,  1311  S.  Figueroa 
Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Distributors  of 
folding  portable  gasoline  stoves.  Foreign  repre- 
sentation desired. 

WHALEN  PULP  AND  PAPER  MILLS,  LTD., 
Merchants  Bank  Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C, 
Canada.  Exclusive  manufacturers  of  sulphite 
pulp.  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs.,  95%  to  100% 
air-dry. 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men. 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 

WESTERN  MACHINERY  COMPANY,  900 
North  Main  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufac- 
turers of  heavy  duty  oil  engines.  Built  in  sizes 
from  25  B.  H.  P.  per  working  cylinder  In  mul- 
tiples up  to  six  cylinders  and  operating  on  low 
gravity   fuel   oil. 

W.  Z.  ZEE  &  SONS,  A12299  Broadway,  Shang- 
hai. Contractors  to  Governments,  Municipali- 
ties and  Manufacturers  for  engineering  mater- 
ials, naval  and  marine  stores,  hardware  and 
metals.  Purchasing  agents  as  well  as  selling 
agents.  Established  1985.  Cable  address 
"ZUNGLEE"    SHANGHAI. 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


February  1920 


161 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 

American  Can  Company. 
ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 

Addressograph  Company. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
AUTOMOBILES  RENEWED 

National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 
AUTOMOBILE   TIRES 

Halburn    Co. 

Planet  Rubber  Co. 

Savage  Tire  Co. 
AUTOMOBILE  ACCESSORIES 

Parker  &  Waterman. 

Harry   A.   Miller  Manufacturing  Co. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 
BATH-TUBS 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing   Company. 
BLANKETS,  QUILTS.  Etc. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
BOILERS,   WATER  TUBE 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 
BOOTS 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Nolan -Earl  Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND  COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
BUILDING  MATERIAL 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CAMPING   EQUIPMENT 

Harry  M.  Waterman. 
CANNED  GOODS 

C   M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

F.  E.  Booth  Company. 
Western  Canning  Co. 

CANS,   CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES.   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID.  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 
CHEMICAL   APPARATUS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
CHEMICAL  PLANTS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
CHINAWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated    Mfrs.   Importing   Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
CONFECTIONERY 

California  Chocolate  Shop 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge    Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastnnd. 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 
DEHYDRATORS 

Ellis  Dryer  Co. 
DRESS  GOODS 

L.    Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

The  Hale  Company. 

Brann-Knecht-Heimann    Company 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Product*  Company. 
FLOCK.  HAIR  AND  WOOL 

Pacific  Lubrlcatlnc  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
FLOUR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

W.  R.  Grace  A  Company. 

Sperry  Flour  Co. 


FOOD  PRODUCTS 
Rothwell  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 
F.  E.  Booth  Company. 
Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 
C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 

GAS  ENGINES 
Arnott  &  Company. 

GLASSWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

GLOVES 

Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 
GREASES 

Pacitic  Lubricating  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 

GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
HARDWARE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
INDUSTRIAL   EQUIPMENT 

Purnell  &  Pagetl. 
INDUSTRIAL  PLANTS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 

R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 
LABORATORY   APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 
LAUNDRY   MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LAUNDRY  TRAYS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LAVATORIES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
LOCOMOTIVES 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
MACHINERY 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Clyde  Equipment  Company. 

James  P.  Dwan. 
MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W    R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 

Cleveland  Import  &  Mfg.    Company. 

Ocean  Brokerage  Co. 
MOTOR  TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OILS 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 
Nitrolene  Oil  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certaln-teed  Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Brown  Paper  Goods  Co. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &    MATERIALS 

The   Ansco  Companv. 
PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRINTING 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 
PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 


KAW  PRODUCTS 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Associated  Mfrs.  importing  Co. 
Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 
Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.    Smith   Brokerage  Co. 
G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 

KICE 
F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 

ROOFING 
Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 

RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 
Williams-Marvin  Company. 
Marvin  Shoe  Company. 
Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 

RUBBER  GOODS 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 

-SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams -Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
SILK  GOODS 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
SINKS 

Pacific   Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL  AND   STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rothwell  &  Company. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

Murray  Jacobs. 

A.   C.   Rulofson   Company. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
SUGAR  MACHINERY 

Bartholomew  Viola. 

TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TANKS,  WATER,  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TEXTILE  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TINWARE 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 
TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board  Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 
WAGONS 

Arnott  &  Company. 
WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board  Companies. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WHEELS,  CASTERS,   Etc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
WOODWORKING  MACHINERY 

Seattle  Far  East  Trading  Co. 


162  Pan    Pacific 

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IMPORTERS  AND  BUYERS      | 

OF 

Copra       Cocoanut  Oil 

Soya  Bean  Oil     Peanut  Oil 

Cottonseed  Oil        Sesam  Seed 

China  Wood  Oil     Whale  Oil 

Fish  Oils  and  Tallows 


4 

mm 

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Full  Trainload  of  Copra 

THOMAS   &   COMPANY 

IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


=      Cable  Address: 

|      THOMAS,  SEATTLE 

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CABLE  US  YOUR  OFFERINGS 


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Cable  Address: — 

LAVAN.  VANCOUVER 

Codes: — 

A.  B.  C.  5th;  Bentleys;  Western 
Union. 


A.  K.  LAVAN  COMPANY 

207  Hastings  Street,  West,  Vancouver,  B.  C„  Canada 

EXPORTERS  AND  IMPORTERS 
SHIPPING  AND  COMMISSION 
MANUFACTURERS    AGENTS 


Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds  of 

merchandise. 
References:— 

Standard  Bank  of  Canada,  Bank 

of  Montreal,    (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 

Branch.) 


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SEATTLE  FAR  EAST  TRADING 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

Import — Export  Merchants 
Head  Office,  L.  C.  Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Wash., U.  S.  A 

Branch  Offices: 

SHANGHAI,  6  Jinkee  Road  HONGKONG 

KOBE,  23  Sakae  Machi,  6  Chome 
TOKIO.  4  Nakadoro  Marunouchi 

Cable  Addresses: 

SEATTLE,  "Safetco"  SHANGHAI,  "Safetco" 

HONGKONG,  "Safetco"         KOBE,  "  Kelley" 

TOKIO,  "Safetco" 


EXPORT   SPECIALTIES 

Iron,  Woodworking  and  Textile   Machinery 
Iron,  Steel,  Pipe,  Plates,  Bars,  Sheets,  Rail-' 
way  Supplies,  Rails,  Cars,  Locomotives, 
Etc.  Wire  Nails,  Paints,  Varnishes. 

Glass,   Sanitary    Ware,    Plumbing    Fixtures, 

Hardware,  Tools,  Chemicals, 

Electric  Meters 


Correspondence  Solicited 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 
413-15  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


PRINTERS 

STATIONERS  BOOKBINDERS 

ENGRAVERS 

Art  and  Color   Work 

Catalog  and  Booklet   Printing 

Copper   Plate   and   Steel   Die   Engraving 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO 
EXPORT  ORDERS 


Filing  Devices  Office  Equipment 

Office   Furniture 

Loose  Leaf  Systems 


COMPLETE  LINE  OF  OFFICE  SUPPLIES 


I  INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


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Multigraphing 
Mimeographing 


I        Telephone  Douglas  1316 

BUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIUUUIIUI1U111UIIIIIII 


BRUCKMAN 

Experts  for  all  Languages 


TRANSLATING    and 
TYPING  BUREAU 


525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building)  SAN  FRANCISCO        1 

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February  1920 


163 


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TO  OUR  EASTERN  CLIENTELE: 


y 


If  you  are  desirous  of  increasing  your 
Foreign  Connections  during  1  920  call 
Barclay  8180— Mr.  Basil  Bancroft- 
New  York  Representative  Pan  Pacific, 
2309  Park  Row  Building,  No.  1  5  Park 
Row. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  in  English, 
Spanish  and  Japanese,  affording  the 
American  Export  Manufacturer  a  pub- 
lication in  which  he  can  address  his 
business  message  to  his  prospective 
clients  in  their  native  tongues. 
Every  merchant  of  consequence  in  the 
Orient  and  Latin  American  Countries 
interested  in  importing  American  Ex- 
port Commodities  receives  a  monthly 
copy  of  this  publication. 
In  your  own  interests  you  should  know 
the  facts  that  Mr.  Bancroft  can  place 
before  you. 


164 


Pan     Pacific 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


CULlACAN,  SLNALOA,  MEXICO— Party  is  de- 
sirous of  finding  a  market  for  quantities  of 
dried  beef,  dried  burro  meat  and  dried  veni- 
son.    Address  Box  999  Pan  Pacific. 

.MARSEILLES,  FRANCE— firm  desires  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  exporters  desiring  repre- 
sentation in  France;  also  with  importers  of 
coriander,  fenugreek,  sandarac  gum,  and 
euphorbe  gum.  Address  Box  1000  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

BADKN,  SWITZERLAND— Firm  desires  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  exporters  of  canned  and 
dried  fruits,  and  other  food  products.  Ad- 
dress  Box   1001   Pan   Faciflc. 

BANGKOK,  SIAM — Party  desires  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  importers  of  raw  silk  and  tea. 
Address  Box  1002  Pan  Pacific. 

NICE,  FRANCE — French  firm  would  like  to 
represent  California  firms  dealing  in  dried 
fruits  and  especially  to  have  the  sole  agency 
of  important  exporters.  Address  Box  100?, 
Pan  Pacific. 

LONDON,  ENGLAND — Firm  of  purchasing 
agents  and  exporting  engineers  desires  to  be 
placed  in  touch  with  manufacturers  and  im- 
porters desiring  representation  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  Details  on  file  in  the  Foreign 
Trade  Department.  Address  Box  1004  Pan 
Pacific. 

NANTES,  FRANCE — French  corporation  would 
like  the  exclusive  agency  of  producers  of  Cali- 
fornia dried  fruits,  particularly  prunes  and 
apricots  in  cases  of  12  kilograms.  Address 
Box   1005  Pan  Pacific. 

NAPOLI,  ITALY — Party  desires  to  be  placed 
in  touch  with  importers  and  exporters  desir- 
ing representation  in  Italy.  Address  Box  1006 
Pan  Pacific. 

I.Oo  Ainu£,l.ES,  CALIF. — Young  man  contemp- 
lating a  trip  around  the  world  desires  to  make 
connections  with  San  Francisco  firms  wishing 
to  be  represented  in  foreign  markets.  Address 
Box  1007  Pan  Pacific. 

CHOUTSUN,  SHANTUNG,  CHINA— Party  de- 
sires to  be  put  in  touch  with  importers  of 
pongee  silk  and  hair  nets.  Address  Box  1008 
Pan  Pacific. 

liOTTERDAM,  HOLLAND — Firm  in  Rotterdam, 
Holland,  wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  ex- 
porters of  all  kinds  of  wheat,  barley,  oil  seeds, 
cattle  feed,  etc.  Would  like  to  receive  quota- 
tions c.  i.  f.  Rotterdam,  in  guilders  or  dol- 
lars and  terms  of  sale.  Address  Box  1009  Pan 
Pacific. 

NOGALES,  ARIZONA— Firm  desires  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  dealers  in  corn.  Address  Box 
1010  Pan  Pacific. 

LYON,  FRANCE— Party  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  manufacturers  of  dental  supplies, 
instruments,  cements,  amalgams,  chairs, 
electric  motors,  etc.  Address  Box  1011  Pan 
Pacific. 

TOULON,  FRANCE— Party  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  exporters  and  manufacturers  of 
calculating  machines  (adding  machines, 
comptometers,  etc.)  desiring  representation  in 
France.     Address  Box  1012  Pan  Pacific. 

TOKYO,  JAPAN — Commission  agency  in  Tokyo 
wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  exporters  of 
gasoline.    Address   Box    1013    Pan    Pacific. 

AUCKLAND,  NEW  ZEALAND— Party  desires 
to  be  put  in  touch  with  manufacturers  and 
exporters  desiring  representation  in  New  Zea- 
land. Is  particularly  anxious  to  secure  the 
agency  of  a  line  of  motor  cars.  Address  Box 
1014   Pan   Pacific. 

NEW  YORK — Representative  of  Japanese  con- 
cern, now  in  New  York,  desires  to  get  in 
touch  with  reliable  manufacturers  and  mer- 
chants for  the  purpose  of  arranging  agencies 
and  connections  for  the  supply  of  locomotive 
and  railroad  accessories,  machinery  and  ma- 
chine tools,  general  engineering  and  electri- 
cal lines,  etc.,  for  the  Japanese  and  Man- 
churian  markets.  Are  also  in  a  position  to 
supply  this  market  with  Oriental  goods,  such 
as  silks,  oils,  produce,  etc.  Address  Box  1016 
Pan  Pacific 

SYDNEY,  AUSTRALIA— Party  desires  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  manufacturer  and  export- 
ers desirous  of  extending  their  export  trade 
to  Australia.     Address  Box  1016  Pan  Paacific. 

KOBE,  JAPAN — Firm  desires  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  importers  of  crude  rubber.  Ad- 
dress Box  1017  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  JUAN  DEL  SUR— Party  in  Nicaragua  de- 
sires to  be  put  in  touch  with  importers  of 
copra  and  cocoanut  oil.  Address  Box  1018 
Pan   Pacific. 

MIDDELFART,  DENMARK— Danish  firm,  di- 
rect buyers,  desires  first-class  agencies  In  all 
kinds  of  California  produce,  especially  canned 
fruits  and  fish,  fresh  and  dried  fruit,  pickles, 
liquors,  biscuits,  superfine  chocolates,  etc. 
Address  Box  1019  Pan   Pacific. 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y.— New  York  import  and  ex- 
port   firm    with    a   selling   organization   In   all 


the  Scandinavian  countries,  France,  Switzer- 
land and  Servia,  desires  to  represent  reliablo 
manufacturers  of  American  products.  Ad- 
Box   1020   Pan   Pacific. 

SEATTLE,  WASH.— Firm  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  importers  of  copra  cake.  Address 
Box   1021   Pan   Pacific. 

BAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF.— A  newly  organized 
Shangnal  concern,  under  the  joint  manage- 
ment of  a  British  subject  of  highest  financial 
sianding  and  a  life-long  resident  and  busi- 
ness man  of  Shanghai,  and  an  American  ex- 
perienced in  the  ban  Francisco  export  busi- 
ness, is  desirous  of  securing  representation 
for  American  products  in  Shanghai.  Address 
Box  1022  Pan  Pacific. 

YOKOHAMA,  JAPAN — Japanese  manufacturers 
of  silk  piece  goods,  pongee,  etc.,  desires  to  get 
in  toucn  witn  importers.  Also  wishes  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  manufacturers  or  exporters 
of  veiveteen  and  Italian  cloth.  Address  Box 
1023    Ian   Pacific. 

MANILA,  PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS— New  York 
firm  with  offices  in  Manila  is  interested  in 
shipping  butter  in  tins  from  the  Pacific  Coast 
and  would  like  to  get  in  touch  with  cream- 
eries and  wholesale  groceries  who  would  be 
interested  in  having  energetic  representation 
in  the  Philippines.  -Address  Box  1024  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Commission  merchant  in  Ha- 
vana wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  manu- 
facturers and  exporters  desiring  representa- 
tion   in   Cuba.    Address   Box   1026   Pan   Pacific. 

HANOI,  TONKIN,  FRENCH  INDO-CHINA— 
Firm  wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with  importers 
of  bamboo,  such  as  splits,  scrubs  and  leaves 
to  be  smoothed  or  glazed  for  making  shades 
and  blinds.     Address  Box  1026  Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y. — New  York  firm  desires  to 
buy  food  products,  cereals,  raw  materials, 
meat  extracts,  canned  milk,  et  cetera,  for  ex- 
port to  Germany,  Austria,  Czecho-Slovakia, 
Jugo  Slavia,  Poland  and  Holland.  Address 
Box  1027   Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF.— Two  ladies  leaving 
for  France  and  Belgium,  fully  conversant 
with  European  conditions,  desire  to  repre- 
sent San  Francisco  firms  wishing  to  make 
connections  or  market  their  goods  oversea. 
Address  Box  1028  Pan  Pacific. 

ALEPPO,  SYRIA— Firm  desires  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  importers  of  cotton  yarn.  Address 
Box  1029  Pan  Pacific. 

CAPE  TOWN,  SOUTH  AFRICA— Party  desires 
to  communicate  with  exporters  or  manufac- 
turers, interested  in  the  South  African  trade, 
with  a  view  to  entering  into  business  rela- 
tions with  them  on  a  commission  basis.  Ad- 
dress Box  1030  Pan  Pacific. 

MARSEILLES,  FRANCE— French  firm  desires 
to  be  put  in  touch  with  importers  and  ex- 
porters with  a  view  to  establishing  business 
relations.     Address  Box  1031  Pan  Pacific. 

GENOA,  ITALY— Firm  desires  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  importers  of  various  herbs  and 
drugs  from  Italy  and  the  Mediterranean  coun- 
tries. Would  also  like  to  secure  an  agent  to 
represent  them  in  this  city,  who  would  un- 
dertake the  handling  of  the  above  mentioned 
products.     Address  Box  1032   Pan  Pacific. 

CAIRO,  EGYPT— Firm  desires  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  exporters  of  chemical  fertilizers, 
agricultural  machinery,  motors,  tractors,  etc. 
Would  like  to  receive  catalogues,  price  lists, 
etc.     Address  Box  1033  Pan  Pacific. 

SACRAMENTO,  CALIF.— Japanese  firm  wishes 
to  be  put  in  touch  with  dealers  or  exporters 
of  resin.     Address  Box   1034   Pan   Pacific. 

OOLIMA,  MEXICO— Party  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  importers  of  essence  of  aloes.  Ad- 
dress  Box    1035    Pan    Pacific. 

NOGALES,  ARIZONA— Exporter  of  Mexican 
corn  desires  to  be  put  in  touch  with  firms  in- 
terested. Address  Box  1036  Pan  Pacific. 

BOMBAY,  INDIA— Firm  in  Bombay  wishes  to 
be  put  in  touch  with  manufacturers  of  Cali- 
fornia   floral    bead     necklaces.     Address    Box 

1037  Pan  Pacific. 

ALEXANDRIA,  EGYPT— Firm  in  Alexandria 
desires  to  be  put  in  touch  with  manufacturers 
of   copy    books    for   school    use.    Address   Box 

1038  Pan  Pacific. 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO— Firm  wishes  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  importers  of  Mexican  products, 
such  as  tomatoes,  fruits  and  various  winter 
vegetables.     Address   Box   1039   Pan   Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF.— San  Francisco  im- 
porter of  ebony,  Spanish  cedar  and  mahogany 
wishes  to  get  In  touch  with  people  desirous 
of  buying  this  lumber.  Address  Box  1040  Pan 
Pacific. 

NOUMEA,  NEW  CALEDONIA— Firm  wishes 
to  be  put  in  touch  with  merchants  and  manu- 
facturers desiring  representation  in  New 
Caledonia  and   New   Hebrides.   Would   like  to 


receive  price  lists,  catalogues,  etc.  Address 
Box  1041  Pan  Pacific. 

PALESTINE — Companies  desirous  of  ware- 
housing merchandise  or  opening  a  warehouse 
on  their  own  account  in  Jaffa  for  Palestine, 
Egyptian,  Syrian,  or  Messopotamian  markets 
Address   Box   1042  Pan  Pacific. 

QUAYQUIL,  ECUADOR— Firm  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  manufacturers  of  lard  and  pe- 
troleum products,  also  with  firms  desiring  to 
extend  their  commerce  with  that  city.  Ad- 
dress  Box   1043   Pan   Pacific. 

ANTWERP,  BELGIUM— J.  Deghilage,  rue  sol- 
vyns,  83.  This  first  class  agency  solicits  offers 
or  representation  for  Belgium  and  North  of 
France,  of  exporters  of  food  products,  pre- 
serves, coffee,  oilcakes,  seeds,  cereals,  fresh 
and  dried  fruits,  tobacco,  wax,  ivory,  rubber, 
hides.  The  agency  exports  all  products  of 
Belgian  manufacturers.   Address  as  above. 

^lllllllllllllllllllliHIfllllilllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll'. 

I  THE  INDO-CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY  I 

Post   Box  82 
COLOMBO   (Ceylon) 
Export — All  kinds  of  Ceylon  Produce. 
=     Import — Foreign  manufactured  goods. 
=     Cables — "Oriental"      Codes.      A.B.C.      6th    § 

Edn.  and  Private. 
=     Bankers — The  Mercantile  Bank  of  India,     = 
Ltd.,  Colombo. 

iillllllllllllllUIIIINIItllllllllllllUlllllllllillllllllllllltllltlllltllHIIIllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllNllllln 
lllllllllllUllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllll^ 

"THE  CENTRAL  MEDICAL  STORES" 

(P.  G.  Gomez  &.  Co.,  Proprietors) 

P.  O.  Box,  No.  249,  COLOMBO 

|     Exporters — Cinnamon  Chips  and  Oil,  Cit-     : 

ronel  Oil,   Copra,   etc. 
=     Importers — Drugs,      Chemicals,     Grocery, 
|  Wines,  etc. 

=  Foreign   trade  development  desired. 

=    Bankers — National    Bank    of   India,    Ltd., 

Colombo. 
ammimiimiuimmitmiiiimimiimiimiimimiiiiiimiiiiimiiiimiiiiimiiiiimmiimimiitn: 

'IJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllHIIIIIIIIIllll^ 

I  Arthur  J.  Fernando  &  Co.  I 


COLOMBO 


|        Exporters  of  all  Ceylon  Produce 

filllltllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIHIIIIIIllllllllltlllif. 

^jiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiii^ 

I  W.M.H.M.RAWOOF  I 

Keyzer  Street 

COLOMBO 

1     Cable    Address:      "FOOWAR-COLOMBO" 

Codes  Used: 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  and  Bentley's 

Exporters   of  All   Ceylon   Produce 

and 

e       Importers  of  all    Manufactured   Articles      | 

|  Enquiries  solicited  from  reliable  Manu- 
facturers, Importers  and  Exporters  de- 
siring connections  In  Ceylon. 

References: 
Any   Exchange   Bank   in   Colombo 

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Importers  of 

Lamps  and  Sewing  Machines 

P.   F.   GOONESEKERA  &   CO. 
I    11,  Keyzer  Street        Colombo  (Ceylon) 

^IIHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllflllllllllr 
^llllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllltllllllllKIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIItllllllllllllHIIItlllllllllllllllliy 

W.  Fernando  &  Co.,  Colombo 

Exporters  of   Ceylon   Produce 

Desiccating  and   Fibre   Millers 

Agencies  In  Principal  Cities 

Additional   Connections    Desired 

Cables    "ROLAND,"    Colombo 

|  Codes:  A.  B.  C.  5th  Ed.  and  Bentley's 

fillllllJlllllllllHI|l|IIUUIIIIIUIIIIIII!IIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiS 


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A.  A.  M.  SALEEM 

SHIP  CHANDLER,  IMPORT  AND  EXPORT  MERCHANT 

IMPORTEB  of  Estate  Tools,  Building  Materials,  Mining  Implements,  Explosives  and  all  kinds  of  General  Hardware. 
EXPORTER  of  Ceylon  Produce,  viz.,  Tea,  Coffee,  Cocoa,  Rubber,  Plumbago,  Copra,  Cocoanut  Oil,  etc. 

No.  44  THIRD  CBOSS  STBEET,  COLOMBO,  CEYLON' 
Telegrams:   Giant-Colombo  All  Standard  Codes  Used  Telephones:  596,  1079       | 

r*jiiunniimmnmnim»nmiimimni |iiipiMi|)t»mHmiimmiwiiuuuiilimuii1iiiHMi'iitllliHlllHmm'm''n^ 


February  /  920 


iiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiriiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiHiiuiiiiniiiniiinlMiillllii'linimrniNiTlliiinimiilimillHllimiiniiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiniiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ 


165 


iuiithiuiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiHniiuiiiuiiHiiiniiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiifiiiiniiMiiiiiiiitiiiiniiliiiiiiliiiiiiiuiiiiiiillliiniliiiiiriiiiMiiiiiliiliNliiiijj 


!  F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO.,  Limited  |    I  G  E  N  E  R  A  L    P  A  P  E  R   C  O .  j 


SHIP 
|     BROKERS 

|     London,  England 
Vancouver,  B.  C. 


IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 

SAN    FRANCISCO 


STEAMSHIP 
AGENTS 


New  York 
Seattle,  Wash. 


Portland,  Ore. 
Rotterdam,  Holland 


--iiiiniiimiimiiliiin iiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii minimi iiiniiinnniinnminiinniimiiiinniinnininminiiinnnninnn/ 


525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address:     "EMCO,"  All   Codes 

Bank  Paper 

References:  DAPPP  Mill 

Bank   of   Italy  I" /M~  Cr*  Representatives 

San     Francisco 

BRANCH   OFFICES:     Seattle,  Portland,  Los  Angeles 

Dealers   In   News,   Book,  Writing,  Coated,    Ledger,    Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and  Wrapping   Papers 

^iMitiniiiniiuiiniHniiHiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiitiiiiHiniiiitiiitiiiitiiiitiiiHiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiitiiiiMiiiiiiuiiitiiiitiiiiiiiiHiiuiiii'Mii!: 


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Branches  at 
CALCUTTA 


3/  MANGOE  LANE 

17  CHOWRINGHEE  ROAD 

20  CHOWRINGHEE  ROAD 

GRAND  HOTEL 


AT  CEYLON 


DANGEDERA  ROAD 
GALLE 


Established    1863 


A.  H.  ISMAIL 

PRODUCE  EXPORTERS,  IMPORTERS,  MILLERS, 

MANUFACTURERS  and  STEAMER  AGENTS 

Head  Office: 

19  QUEEN  STREET,  COLOMBO,  CEYLON 


TELEGRAMS: 
"Vathlla,"   Colombo 
"Vathlla,"  Galle 
"Barakalla,"  Calcutta 
Ismail,   Grand,   Calcutta 


CODES: 
Bentleys,     A.  B.  C.     5th 
Western    Union,    Univ. 
Scotts  and   Private. 


Ed., 
Ed., 


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Branches    and    Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 
TSING  TAU 
SHANGHAI 
SAIGON 
COLOMBO 
SINGAPORE 
SOERABAYA 
MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable   Address:    "INTRACO" 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   5th    Edition 


Import    Products  of  all 

Countries  where   we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:    SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

^mininnniHiinnnnnmi nnnninnnnniiinnnnnninmniinnnnininniinnnniniiinninniniinnniiinnnninnninnnniinnmiiininmniimim 


.1 


^j'liiriiiMliiiriiirtFiiiiiiitiiiiMiMiiitJiiiiMiillliiiiMi  iiiiiiiitniitiM]  !iiiM.Jtiiist!iiti:iti n  MiiTMinriiii  n mi  i  iki  Mitmin iiiitriirTin  in  I  tin  I  n;  I  <  'M  mil  hiiiintiiK [iitiiiitui  ,nr  I  mi< I M 1 1 1 1  li  ti  I  <  l  >  1 1  >> t iimiimminmmiimimiiimiiiiliiinmimiimiiiiimumi illumining 


IRON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS, 
Steam  Engines  and  Boilers 
Oil  Mill  Machinery 
Hoisting  Machinery 
Marine  Engines 


C.U.MARTIN 


Factory  Export  Sales  Representative 

72  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO.  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  "Hydramine  San  Francisco" 

Codes:  Bentley's,  A.  B.  C,  5th  Edition 

DIRECT  FACTORY  CONNECTION  OR  AGENCIES  OFFERED 

Write  for  Associated  Manufacturer's  Catalogue 


Oil  and  Gas  Engines 
Pumps — all  types 

Pneumatic  Water  Systems 
Portable  Electric  Plants 
Special  Machinery 


-iininiinninnlnniininiinilininniimnniiinii inn iiinimimiinnimmililininiillinmlnmiuimnimiiniii llimiiliiilliinilll iiiimiiiniiiimllliimi iniinininimnilliiimiiuiiiiinmniinlniinniininiHiniimimmiiliniinimiinimiimimiinnil nnnnnnillllinnmniir 


-;mininiiilim!ninimniiinnnninnninnnnmninmnniminnnnimmlllllliminninimil 


RIDGEWAY  BUILDINGS 

P,  O.  Box  265 

COLOMBO,  CEYLON 


inwiim iiiniimn n miinnnn minimum imiiiiinnminnimi iiinmmiummimiiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiiimimimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiig 

Telegrams:    Coagency 
Codes :    Bentley's 
A.  B.  C.  5th   Edition 
Marconi's  Int.  and  Private       | 


Co-op  Agency  Company 

Enquiries  Solicited.    Good  References  Given 


IMPORTERS  OF 

TEXTILES,  HARDWARE,  METALS  AND 
SUNDRIES 


EXPORTERS  OF 

TEA,  RUBBER,  DESICCATED  COCOANUTS,  COCOANUT 

OIL,  FIBRE,  SPICES,  SENNA  LEAVES  AND  DRUGS 


5nMnninninnniiiniiiinniinniiiininnniiinniiiniinnniiiiniinninninninniiiiiniMnnnniinniii|iiiininiMininiiniiMiiniininMniMiniiniiinii miiiniiniiii imimiminiiiimimmmmiiimmiimimiiimimmimmmiimmmmimmmmiimmmimmtimimiimiimmimiiimiimihi 


a mmummmim iiiiiininnniiinnniiiniiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiininiiMiiiiiiiniiiniiiilinillnlMniininiiiiliiilniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii inn nimimim iiimiimiimmiiimiimimimmmmmmimmiimmmimmiimiimiimii inn nj 

THE  CHUNG  MEI  TRADING  CORPORATION 

IMPORT    ::    EXPORT 

President.  MR.  C.  C.  NIEH 

Address:  S  11  Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai,  China 

D.  S.  Box  764 


All  Codes  Used 
Cable:  "Chungmel  Shanghai'' 


iunninininin mmiiiimiimimiiimimimimmmim mimimnimiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiuiimimiiimiummiiiimi mimmiimiimmmi iiimiimmiimiiiiiiimiiiiiitmiimimiumimiimmiiimmmm miimimimmmimi inn iiiimiiiiiniimiiiiuiii iimimmmS 


166  Pan  Pacific 

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LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF. 
560  South  Main  Street 


Bishop  &  Bahler  Co. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF- 
127  Montgomery  Street 


Bookings  through  all  United  TRAFFIC 

States  Ports  to  all  parts  OCEAN  —  --.  _-  r»./,Vi=-RAl1' 

of  the  World  SCKVILt 


MARINE  INSURANCE 
SHIPPING  ADVICE 

3 
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Cable  Address 

•MARZOOK" 

COLOMBO 


C.  M.  Mohamed  Hassan 


P.  O.  BOX 

278 


103  MAIN  STREET 

COLOMBO 


IMPORT— All  Manufactured  Articles 


1       EXPORT— All  Ceylon  Produce 

Correspondence  Solicited  First  Class  Reference  Given 

jimHiimiiiiNimmiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiitiiiiimHiiiiiiimiiimmiiiiiiimiimmiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiitim^ 


^U  iiaiiiniiLiiiii-iiiiitiiirtiiitiiiitEiiiiiiiiEiirijii-tiiiiiFiiiitpiiriiiifiiirtiiiriirtijiiii riiixiiiifEijj  i  t:iaiiiiiEii]  LiMitiijiiij^iiii  riin  iij  i  eii  i  rpid  iiii  i  rpirriiiTiiirrir+rpijTtiiTpiiiTrEi  i  riei  rci !  ■  fiii  rtia  i  [iij  rtiiiEiiiiiij  iiij  ■  Lti  i  rii^  i  riijfiijTiiii  rtii  riiirriiai  till  EiiiaiiiijEiiiitijrtjid  i  riiiriiirj  piiitpii*  temteiij  i  eijj  i  iiataiiaxEii^tpiifiiiqptaiijTiiii^r 


Field  &  Gross,  Inc. 


PACKERS  OF 


"Sierra"    ::    "El  Capitan" 
Brands 


California  Sardines 

260  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF.,  U.  S.  A. 


Cannery  at  MONTEREY,  CALIFORNIA 

A.  B.  C.  Code  (5th  Edition)  Bentley    i 


=iiiiillini llllllllllilliill i imiimiimiiiiii miiiminii iiiiiiiMiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiimiimimiiiiiii n iiliillililimiiniiniiimiilllliiliiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiimnilimilmi mil iimiiimi miimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiimii 111111111117. 

£!iiiiii iimiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiitiiiiiiiiiniiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiii n iiiiiiiiiinii inni iiiiimiiiiiiiiiimii i iiiiiiiiiiiiini Miiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimii iniininniiinn until iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiniiniiiiiii 


Contractors  to  Governments 
Municipalities,  Manufacturers,  Etc. 

Hardware,  Metals  and  Sundries 
Suppliers  of  Engineering,  Naval  and 

Marine  Stores 

Representatives  of  Manufacturers 

Purchasing,  Selling  and  Commission 

Agents 


W.  Z.  Zee  &  Sons 

(ZUNG  LEE  &  SONS,  ESTABLISHED  1895) 

A 1299  Broadway,  Shanghai 


Telephones: 
N.  1468  and  N.  1% 

Cable  Address: 
"ZUNGLEE"  SHANGHAI 


=rttlEEtlll  IttllllJEIilEIEtlEEl  JElElllErllEIIII  IIIJElrJEIIItlEI  tEEl  111  lEIIEEMEIEIllEI  1 1 M  E 1 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 E  r<  1 1 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 E I  >  1 1 1 1 1 1 E  E I J 1 1 E  E  r  I E I E 1 P 1 1  r  I E  E 1 J 1 1 1 1 E I E  E 1 1 E 1 1  r 1 1 E I E 1 J  E I E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J  E  E 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 E  E 1 1 1 1 E I M  E  r  1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E  E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 E I E I  [  1 1 1  j  I E I E 1 1 E 1 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 J IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIiIIIIi^ 

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G.  P.  STEINBERG  &  SONS 

MANUFACTURERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

HEAD  OFFICE:  TIENTSIN,  CHINA 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:  2  RECTOR  STREET 

SAN  FRANCISCO  OFFICE 

260  CALIFORNIA  STREET 

HARBIN  OFFICE:  38-84  BOLSHOI  PROSPECT 

DAIREN  OFFICE:  23  NICHIDORI 


)  All  Standard  Codes 
Codes     A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 
/  Bentley's 

Cable  Address 

Steinmoran 

Ajrencies 

Vladivostock 

Manchuria 

Hailar 


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!      CHAS.    M.    PAGANINI 


EDWARD    P.    BARRY      ! 


Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 

Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast 

Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books 

Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


r.iiinniiniininii miiinimiinniniiiiiiiiimniiiniin niiitliiiiiitiiiiiiiiiimimiiiuillllllllllllltmillllllillilllllltllilllliimiiiiiinillniiiiiiiiin i  mm  mmi  1 1  mm  i  mm  i  iimmimmei  mei  it  iemi  iimmitm  riiiniiMi  tiniiitrMii  mim  mimmimmi  m  in  m  mi  i  mim  immmim  mei  mmi  m n  mmi  i  imm  mim  mm  mmm  iemmim  t  mi"?. 


February  f 920 


167 


iiiiitmiiimiimiiiuiiiMiiiniiiiiiiiniiiifintiiiF 


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I 

CHESTER   WILLIAMS,  Pres.  J.  E.  PETERS,  Vice-Pies.  GEO.  R.  WEEKS,  Secreury        I 


SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 


The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  <  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery.      1 

EXPORT 
Kxport  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO.  I 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A.  Cable  Address  "WILMAR" 

TiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiuiiiuiiiniiiiiiiiMiniiiiiiiiniiitiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiHiiiiiiHiMiiiiiiiiinniin I-^MM'  -—-——*—»— r"imr  mirmiTmniiiiiimiii  iiiiiniii  mi  1 1  in  1 1  in  1 111111  w  1 111 1  iiii  i  imi  iiyiin^iiiiwMiiiiiwiiy  iiiimiMiiMiiMimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil 

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|  MATSON  LINE  I 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  | 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


OLDEST  MATERIAL  HOUSE  IN  SAN  FRANCISCO    | 


MATSON   NAVIGATION   CO. 


WATCHMAKERS  AND  JEWELERS  TOOLS 

Jewelry  Boxes  and  Trays 
Watch  Glasses  Main  Springs 

Watch  Materials  Jewelry  Findings 


120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


I    SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 


717  MARKET  STREET 


■Tiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiliimiiiliiiiiiiinuiiii iMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiliiiiiiiililiiilliiMlllillMliiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiniiMiiiiiiMnJf.         Stun mi iiliiiiiiiiiiillii milium iimimimillliilinii liiiimiimimiii iiilimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiihl 

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Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping   and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 


SEATTLE 


Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK 


CHICAGO 


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Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Ben  tley's.  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9  L.   C.   Smith 

Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


'Packers'  Direct  Selling  Acents" 


.^niMiiMiiiimmNmHimHiiiiiiuiimimiiitiiiiiiiitiiimimiiitiimiiiiiiimimiiiiiiim 
wiiliiiiMiimiiiniiiiiiiiiMiimiliiiiuiiiitiinmiimiliiiiiliiniiinimiiimimiiniiiiiiiHiimiiiilliim 

485   California   Street 
San   Francisco 


i    P.  J.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 

- 

— Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 


aiiimiiiiHiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiii tiiiitiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiiti mrii •jiiitiiirtiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiriiiitiiuriiiiiiii  •■■  11  ■■■  tij  ■■  fii  ■  ti  ■■  ■•!  ■■■,•!■  rill  ■  Illlllil  ■  til  ■■■•<■■  fi  ■■■  Isi  ■■  til  ■■  f  ■■■■••  itr  ■■■  till  !••■  ■  ■  131  ■■■<!  irtai  »>•!  ■  ill  ■  ■  it  ■■■■  t  ■■■  tt<  ■  ■  »t  ■■■  n  ■■■  rti  ■■  i  ri  ■■  tri  ■■•■■■  in  ■■■  n  ■■  m  ■■■•<■  ri  •■■■  tt  ■■  rf4 


168 


Pan  Pacific 


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TRAFFIC  MANAGERS 


EXPORT 


SHIP  BROKERS 


WESTERN  TRAFFIC  SERVICE 


Marsh-Strong  Bids. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address  "WESTRAF" 

Codes 

A.  B.  C.  Ith  Improved— Western  Union 


FREIGHT  FORWARDERS 


IMPORT 


C.  I.  F.  QUOTATIONS 
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AIDS  TO  rOREIGN  TRADE 

Foreign  Lists,  Translating.  Catalogues,  Trade  Marks,  Advertising  Data 
Trade  Reports  Covering  MEXICO,  CENTRAL  and  SOUTH  AMERICA 
LATI ^-AMERICAN  ADVERTISING  CO 
|     1120  Van  Nuys  Building  Los  Angeles.  Cal.      | 

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VICTOR  PATRON    | 

IMPORT 
EXPORT 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 

CABLE:  "PATRON" 

■ 

SrimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiT; 
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C.  HENRY  SMITH 

MAIN  OFFICE: 

311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.   | 

411-412  ARCTIC  BUILDING,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND   IMPORT 


All   Codes.     Code  Address:  CHENRYINC 


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References: 
Metropolitan  Bank 
Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

RBNCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4 

W.  D.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSH  AW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 
205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

Freight   Forwarders  NEW  ORLEANS,   LA.         Correspondence  Solicited 

nimiimmiiiiiiiiimiimimiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiii iimmiiiniiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiMiiiiiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiii 

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WHOLESALE 


SEEDS  RE™L  | 

GROWERS  AND  EXPORTERS 
Send  For  Our  Catalog 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  COMPANY 

|    LOS  ANGELES  CALIFORNIA    | 

E  = 

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IGLASS  W  ARElI 

(FOR  TABLE  AND  SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  in  the  world 

DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 
I     (I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for    | 
I    catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language)    | 

FACTORIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.   Knowles   China   Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 

!   618  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A.   I 

=  = 

3  3 

3  •  .  = 

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KAAS-HOPKINS.CO. 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 
Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

PROTECTIVE    PAPER.S— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine, 

(Parchmyn),  Parcnmoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS— Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain 

or  Decorated;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— White,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
GLAZED    PAPERS    for    Boxmakers,    etc.       White,    Colors, 

Embossed,  Novelties. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC  COVER  PAPERS   and  Mount   Board. 
WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers, 
We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  and  Quo- 
tations Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 


3         nlinilllilllli llllllliillliinii nil imniiiiiiililiiMiiimiimi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii limilinilimilnlllililll fffiiffTt 


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Herbert   W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co.  I 

IMPORT         EXPORT        DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 

Write  fOF  Quotations 

209-211  Washington  St.  Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.   1 

aimii.iHUiiirimiuHiiwiuiMiimwuiiimmH 

|hiiiii  ii  iinimiiiiiiiiHiiHiiiiiiiiniiimiimimiiiMiiiiM^ 

I  PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  IT.  S.  A. 

j     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     ] 

=  3 

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iHiMUiiiitmmitimummm 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES. 

Seattle 

Peru 

Costa  Rica 

Panama 

Los  Angeles 

Guatemala 

Nicaragua 

Ecuador 

New  Orleans 

Salvador 

Chile 

Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  (INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from  Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 

W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 

GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


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"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 

Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS   AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 

MP* 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


MARCH,  1920 


Price,  25  Cents 


13  (920 


DAWN  OF  PAN  PACIFIC  ERA 


Plans  for  a  Great  Pacific  Port  Termin 
Foreign  Trade  Problems  at  Big  Convention 
How  Philippines  Scouts  Helped  Commerce 


B.  F.  Cresson,  Jr.,  C-  W.  Stamford,  C.  P.  Converse,  Julean  Arnold 
L.  D.  Snyder,  John  A.  Fowler,  D.  K.  Grady 


A  MAGAZINES  INTERNATIONAL   COMMERCE 


mm iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii MiliMlliiiillillillllllllillllllllllilllliiiiliiiiiiiiiiiMiililii minium imiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiinii iiiiiiiiiiiimiiiii iiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiimMiiiiiMiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiimmni My 

|    Java-China-Japan  Lijn    | 

(JAVA  PACIFIC  LINE) 
BETWEEN 

San  Francisco 

AND 

I    Netherlands  East  Indies    I 


DIRECT 


REGULAR      ^  ^^  RELIABLE 


SERVICE 


BATAVIA 

SOERABAIA 

SAMARANG 

MACASSAR 
CHERIBON 


J.  D.  SPRECKELS  &  BROS;  CO. 

I 

General  Agents 

=  = 

2   Pine  Street,  San   Francisco 

i  1 

£  I 

Tiiiiimiiuihiiiiiiihiii nun m iiimjiiiiiiiiiiiiimiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiiiii iiimmii m miimimi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiniiiiiiiniimMuiii  jmiinii miiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiimmiiHiimiiiiiiiiHiimimiiiiiiin.' 


jiiiiiiiiimiiiniiiuimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiuiiiiNiniiiniiniiJiiim 


MACHINERY 


We  are  in  position  to  furnish  you  at  lowest  prices  consistent  with  quality  and  give  Engineering  service  and 
information  on  any  of  the  following  equipment: 


Air  Compressors 

Rock  Crushers 

Screening  &  Gravel  Plants 

Pumping  Plants 

Gas  Oil  &  Steam  Engines 

Pulverizing  Machinery 

Fertilizer  Plants 

Hoisting  Engines 

Conveying  Equipment 


Tramways 

Wood  and  Steel  Tanks 

Cement  Mill  Equipment 

Locomotives 

(Gas  and  Steam) 

Full  Diesel  Oil  Engines 

(Stationary  and  Marine) 

Electric  Motors 
Electric  Generators 


Pollins&We 


•  • 


INCORPORATED 
MACI-I  I  N  ERY 


447-449  East  3rd  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


229  Rialto  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


ftiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiumiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiniijuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i  >luiJiiij[iurjui  iriiiiiiiiiitiiitiiidiiiiitiiiuiiiiiii  cjiujxjijijijiii  itu  i  tiiitiij^jjjiijuiiii  J  iiiijiiijiiiiijtuiriiiiiriiiiiiitiiijriijriiiiiiiijriijtijiiiiiii itiiiutiijiiiiiriiifiiiiiiiirriiiitiiiii uiiiiuriDiiii.- 


170 

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Pan    Pacific 

niiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiimiiiiiE 

Code  Used: 
•  C. 

Edition 


Cable  Address:  _  _  _^      ^m^  Code  Used 

Llewellyn  —         "*/     |VT  J    ^V      Ik    «,  A.  B.C. 

Los  Angek s,  ^  1  \        |\  ■"%  I     §\l  ^,  3th    Edltloi 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


Hammered  Steel 


SHOES 

and 

DIES 


CAST  STEEL 


SHOES 

and 

DIES 


Rolling  Mill  Products  s^"™" 


HEAVY 

and 

LIGHT 

Forgings 

Of 
Every 
Descrip- 
tion 


HEAVY 
and 

LIGHT 
Steel  or 
Grey  Iron 

Castings 

Of 

Every 

Description 


1  Structural  Steel  Engineers  &  Fabricators 

MILL  BUILDINGS— STEEL  STRUCTURES— TOWERS— TANKS  — RIVETED  PIPE— HEMISPHERICAL 
BOTTOM  TANKS  AND  TOWERS— FORGE  SHOP— FOUNDRY— MACHINE  SHOP 


MllllltllltllllllllllllllMIIIIlIllHII 


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March    I  920  171 

-^.■uiiiiiiieaiiiiriiirriiC3iiiiiriiiiiiC3ii»iiiiiiiiiEatiiiiiii]iiicaiMtiitiiiiicaiii iic3iiiiiiiiifitcaiiiiiiii)iiicaiiiiiii[iiiiE3iiiitiiiiiiiE3  ti(iiiiiiiii£aiiiitiiiiiiiC3tiiiiiiiii»tcscai  iiiiiiiiiiicaiiiiiiiiiiiicsiii  iiiiii  iiic3iiiii«iiiiiiE3intiiii  micsiiiiiiiif  iiiEsinrit iE3iiiiititiiiicani4i^ 

I  LOWER  CALIFORNIA  and  I 
|  WEST  COAST  of  MEXICO  \ 

|       BUSINESS  AND  PLEASURE  21  GOLDEN  DAYS       | 

I  ON  SEA  AND  ON  LAND 

SPECIAL  "GET  ACQUAINTED"  TOUR 

MEET  YOUR  CUSTOMER 
TALK  TO  PROSPECTIVE  CUSTOMERS  LEARN  THE  FACTS  ABOUT  CONDITIONS 

SPEND  DELIGHTFUL,  RESTFUL  DAYS  AT  SEA  ON  THE  NEW  STEEL  STEAMER 

|  "MAZATLAN" 

(California-Mexico  Steamship  Company) 

ITINERARY 
Southbound  Hours  Ashore  North  Bound  Hours  Ashore 

ENSENADA 4  SAN  BLAS   7 

LA  PAZ 9  MAZATLAN      12 

TOPOLOBAMPO  23  TOPOLOBAMPO  18 

MAZATLAN  11  GUAYMAS  23 

SAN  BLAS 5  LA  PAZ   6 

MANZANILLO  22  ENSENADA  5 

LARGE,  COMFORTABLE  STATEROOMS,  EXCELLENT  MEALS,  SOCIAL  ROOM,    WIRELESS,    WIDE 
DECKS,  DECK  CHAIRS,  CARD  ROOM,  LAVATORIES,  Etc. 

1  SPECIAL  "ALL  EXPENSE  INCLUDED"  RETURN  TOUR 

j  APRIL  15th  to  MAY  9th 

For  Full  Information,  Reservations,  Etc.,  Address 

W.  W.  WILMOT  LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 

1126  VAN  NUYS  BLDG. 


TOUR  UNDER  DIRECTION  OF 

j  California -Mexico  Steamship  Co. 

NOW  BOOKING 

Passengers  and  Freight  to  All  Points  on  Above  Schedule 

j.  McMillan,  Mgr.  los  angeles,  cal. 

=  s 

=  5 

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172 


Pan     Pacific 


^[iiiniluiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiMniiiniiniiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiinniiniuiiiniiniirniiiiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiillllllllllltMllMillliilltiiiniiiuiitnl. 

Whalen  Pulp  &  Paper  Mills,  Limited  | 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

i 

Exclusive  Manufacturers  of  the  following  well-known 
brands  of  Sulphite  Pulp 

I  SNOWHITE  BRAND,    Bleached  Sulphite 

I  GLACIER  BRAND     ) 

!  CRYSTAL    BRAND       Easy  Bleachin8  SulPhi*  | 

|  SWAN  BRAND 
I  SAMSON  BRAND 


HIhHM 


|  Strong  Sulphite 


Made  under  the  most  modern  Mill  conditions  from  the 
famous  British  Columbia  Spruce 

Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs. 
95%  to  100%  air-dry. 


MILL  CREEK  MILL 

Capacity 

80  tons 

Easy  Bleaching 


SW ANSON  BAY  MILL 
Capacity 
40  tons 
Strong 


PORT  ALICE  MILL 

Capacity 

80  tons  Bleached 

and  Easy  Bleaching 


Head  Office: 

MERCHANTS  BANK  BUILDING 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Canada 


= 


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Planting  the 
Flag  of  the 
Admiral  Line 
in  the  Orient 


I 


TRANS-PACIFIC  SERVICE 
Sailings  from  Seattle  and  Portland  at  Regular  Intervals 

THE  ADMIRAL  LINE 

Pacific  Steamship  Company 

GENERAL   OFFICES 

5th  Floor,  L.  C.  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Portland,  Oregon  San  Francisco,  Calif. 


101  Third  Street 


New  York 
8  Bridge  Street 


112  Market  Street 


Manila,  Hong  Kong,  Vladivostok,  Shanghai,  Singapore,  Kobe,  Yokohama    | 

l 
iiiiiiuuiiiiiiintiiiii iiiiiiiiniiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiimiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiuiiinm iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiin3 


"?^S 


KtiT^oute— 

HOTEL  McAlpin  contents  itself 
with  serving  so  well  that  the 
guest  remembers  the  service  and 
allows  the  perfect  details  to  form  an 
agreeable  background. 

Travelers  to  New  York  return  to 
the  McAlpin  year  after  year  be- 
cause they  are  satisfied. 

HOTEL 
M£ALPIN 

L.M.B00MER  Managing Director New%rk 


7  V 


ill 

ill 


hi 

I 

w 

I  UtJL'M 


March    1920 


\n 


Mimimi iiiiiiiiiiiini i iiiiinii niniM iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimni iiiiiiMiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiraiiiiiimimimii iiiiiiimiim in minim iiiniiiiiiiiimimiiii i n nmntanM 

MANUFACTURERS  and  WHOLESALE  DEALERS 
I  of  GOOD  SHOES  ONLY;  Since  1885 

WE  CARRY  IN  STOCK  FOR  IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 
ALL  STYLES  AND  GRADES  OF 

MENS— WOMENS— BOYS— CHILDRENS— INFANTS 
SLIPPERS,  LOW  SHOES  and  BOOTS 

SAMPLES  WILL  BE  SENT  TO  YOU  CHARGES  PREPAID 


Nolan  Earl  Shoe  Co.  £2±£t  U.S.  A. 


Cable  Address 
Nesco,  Bentleys  Code 


Regulation  U.  S.  Army  Shoe 

In  Black,  Brown,  White  Elk  Leathers 

All  Sizes  and  Widths  in  Stock 


ijnim mill i iiiiiimiiimmii i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiinii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinluiiuiiiim urn I n imi iiniiliiiiiliililii iiimnii iiiiiim iiiiliiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiim iiimniiiimi? 


SIB 


.<^v 


MUM 


LARGEST  STOCK  NEW  AND  RELAYING  RAILS 

ON  PACIFIC  COAST 


1045    Gro.   Tons  45-lb.    New  Rail 


5    Gro.   Tons   5  5 -lb.   Relay  Rail 
1250      "  "     56-lb.      " 

1520      "  "     60-lb.      " 

25      "  "     65-lb.      *' 

1      "  "      72-lb.      " 

Track  Spikes 
v  Track  Bolts 

Track  Tools 
Switch   Material 

PROPER  PACKING 

CABLE  ADDRESS:     CALLAN  PORTLANDORE 


758      " 

'      80-lb. 

44                •* 

20      " 

'       1 6-lb 

Relay  Rail 

160      " 

'      20-lb. 

"                       ** 

260     " 

•       3  5 -lb. 

**                       M 

315      " 

'      40-lb. 

•t                       «* 

1100      " 

'      45-lb. 

**                       *4 

245      " 

'       50-lb. 

**                       ** 

147      " 

'       52-lb. 

44                                  14 

PROM 

PT  SHIPMENT 

413-15  Oregon  Bldg.,  Portland,  Oregon 
Callan  &  Fortier,  Smith  Bldg.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

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"QUALITY  ENDURES— PRICE  IS  SOON  FORGOTTEN" 


For  Composition  Roofs,  Iron  Roofs,  Shingles, 
Brick  and  Concrete 


WEATHER   RESISTING    PAINTS 


DUwusnC 


A.  B.  GORTON,  President  and  Manager 


iiiuiiiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiuijiiiiiiiiiiuiiumi; 


For  Stacks,   Boilers,   Silos, 
Metal  Surfaces 

Phone  Main  7788 


500  HENRY   BUILDING,   PORTLAND,   OREGON 


^U 1 1 1 1 1 1 :  i  1 1 1 '. ;  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 : .  M I  ^ :  1 1 1 11 1 II 1 1  [■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 '  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r .  1 1 1 ; ;  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  J>l  L  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 !  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r  <  j  I .  j  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  u  ij  m  11 1 1 E !  1 1  [  1 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : :  1 1 1 :  i  1 1 1 . 1 1 1 ,  J 1 1 1 : !  1 1 L  j  1 1  i  j  1 1 1: 1 1 1 1  ^  J 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 . 1 !  1 1 ;  j  1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 ;  1 1 1 ,  ]  1 1 1 1  j  1  l.~ 


'7*  Pan     Pacific 

U liimi  iniiiiiiiriinriiiiiii  nr  iiiiiiim  mi  iini  ii  irun  miiti  in  mii  ^  iim  mi  tiiiin  meiiii  imii in  mik  iiij i  >  1 1 1  ti  1 1  u  1 1  h  i  ■  i  <i  1 1 1  u  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  u  1 1 1 1  s  1 1 1  r  1 1  <rn  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1]  1 1 1  i  ■  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 tj  1 1 1  >i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  e  1 1 1  n  1 1 1  u  1 1  <  j  1 1 1 1  r  i  iti  1 1 1  ti  1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  m  i  iiij  1 1  n  1 1 1  n  1 1 1  <  1 1 1 r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1  ri  1 1 1 ; .  1 1 1 1 1  ui :  1 1  iii  1 1 1  bj  1 1  ui  i  itu  i  tun  in  1 1 1  tn  i  in  1 1 1  j  11 1  ■  _ 

I  LESHER,  WHITMAN  &  CO.,  Inc.  | 

881-7  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK  CITY,  U.  S.  A. 

Established  1852 
Manufacturers  for  Export  of 

MOHAIR  AND  COTTON  SUITINGS 

INCLUDING 

MINERVA  SUITINGS 

Gillllllllllllllll II 1 1  Mil  M 11 M II 1 1  llll  M II M  llirilll  llll  Mil  MM  1 1 II M  CI  I  Mil  1 1  III  Mil  I  Ml  I  Ml  I  Mil  Mil  Mil  1 1  111  I  III  I  Ml 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 1 1 1  >  1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  ■■  M  M I M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1  >  1 1  It  1 1 M 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 Ill  1 1 1 1 IIMMMMIMMMM Illllllll 11 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■  1 II I II M I  ■  Ml  I  lit  1 1 1 Illl3 


If  Tfou  Overhaul  Motors  -You  Need  a 


mm 


ACK 


The  three  lllnstratlons 
tell  the  story.  Here  you 
see  how  easy  it  Is  to 
handle  any  size  motor, 
no  matter  what  position 
you  wish  to  work  anon 
you  wish  to  work  upon  It.  An  INTERNATIONAL 
MOTOK-RACK  in  your  repair  shop  will  help  you 
to  turn  minutes  into  dollars. 

We  will  gladly  mail  you  full  details  concern- 
ing the  INTERNATIONAL  MOTOR-RACK,  price, 
etc.  WRITE  US  TO-DAY.  You  owe  it  to  your- 
self to  know  more  about  this  remarkable  instru- 
ment of  efficiency.  .         , 

An  exclusive  feature  of  the  MOTOR-RACK  is 
the  drip  pan.  The  MOTOR-RACK  is  equipped 
with  a   three-point  suspension  attachment. 

Visitors  to  New  York  are  invited  to  call  at  our 
permanent   exhibit  at  the  International   Machin- 
ery Exposition  at  the  Grand  Central 
Palace.  


r-f 


m 


i     Z3&1 


INTERNATIONAL 
PUKCHASI NG      BUREAU 


AST    ISTti. 


tsi  c  w   vo  n  ix 


Over  6lA  Billions— 

FEW  realize  the  phenomenal  growth  and 
present  day  strength  and  standing  of 
the  Federal  Reserve  Banks. 
A  recent  statement  gives  total  resources  of 
$6,504,090,000.00. 

The  Chemical  National  Bank  is  a  member 
of  the  Federal  Reserve  System. 
We  are  strictly  a  commercial  bank. 
We  accept  personal  accounts  with  minimum 
balance  of  $500.00. 

We    accept    firm    or    corporation    accounts 
with  minimum  average  balance  of  $1,000.00. 

We  are  seeking  new  businet*  on  our  record. 

(Eljimural  National  Sank 

of  Km  fork 

(Established  1824) 


aMiiiininniininiiiiniMimMiMimiMnmiimnnimiimnmiiiiiMiMHiimnmiimimiim 


i ' : '  r  l "  1 1  r  M 1 1 1 M  i  r  rj  i  r  1 1 1 1 1 :  ■  1 1 1  ■  ■  1 1 ;  j  1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1  i  1 1  r  M  l  n :  1 1 1 M 1 1  r  ■  1 1  r  1 1 1 1  r  <  1 1 1  m  i  i  1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 M 1 1 1  r  n  1 1  m  1 1  m  1 1 1  m  i  r  1 1 1 1 1  r  n  1 1  r  1 1 1 1  - 1  j  r  r  ■  n  i  r  rTTrm  I r  r  1 1 1 ; .  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  r •  1 1 1 ;  I i  m  1 1 1 1 M  >  M  M  w=- 


Rand  Visible  Business  Control 

of  Costs  —  Stock  —  Employment  —  Sales  —  Credit  —  Purchase  —  Bank  Signature  and  all  office  records. 
PERFECT  CONTROL  —  through  visible  records  —  makes  Management  Easier. 

Correspondence  in  All  Languages  Write  for  full  particulars. 

SCHWABACHER-FREY  STATIONERY  CO. 


609-611  MARKET  STREET 


SAN  FEANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 

Cable  Address:     STATIONERS,  San  Francisco.     All  Codes  Used. 


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iiuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiwiuiis 


March    1920 


175 


fmiimiiimimimiiimm iiiniiiiiiiiii Ill lllllllimilllllllllllllllllllllliilit iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiniiii'- 


Grain  Driers 


oving  Excess  Moisture  from: 

Wheat 

Coffee 

Maize 

linn 
nun 

a 

Oats 

Beans 
Peas 

Cereals 

Peanuts 

Seeds 

Cottonseed 

Palm  Nuts 

Copra 

Ellis  Ball  Bearing  Rotary  Drier 

Rotary  Driers 

For  Removing  Excess  Moisture,  Sterilizing,  Roasting 

and  Cooking  the  following: 

Salts 

China  Clays 

Fertilizers 

Phosphates 

Ores 

Graphite 

Chemicals 

Cable  Address  "Edco" 


Corn  Meal 
Corn  Grits 
Corn  Germs 
Hominy 
Flour 
Feeds 
|   Write  for  Catalog 

!  THE  ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY, 332  ^S&S^M!a^* 

■MMimiiitumiiiiiiiiimitHiimn »■■.»■■.. "■■■|f|U|y»|py1nii|B||yiMUfi»iiiuiiiiimiimiimniiiiuuiiiuiiiimimmiiiC 

^lllllllirTTIIItlllltllltf Mltllirilirif  IIITIIIirjlll!rillllllITIIITlMltllllllllTllltlllltlllllllllttllUIII1f  IIITIIIItJIlfTllltlllltllirilllTlllllllltllllllllTllllllllllllttllltll^ 

[CANNED  TUNA| 
|     and  SARDINES     | 

In  All  Styles  of  Pack 


Our  Leading  Brands  are — 

BALBOA  1 

CORONADO 
RUBIDOUX 
CATALINA 

Complete  Catalogue  on  Request 


C.  E.  Van  Landingham  Co. 

Exporters,  Importers  and  Packers 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA,  U.  S.  A. 

}    Cable  Address— "VANTUNA"— All  Standard  Codes    j 

"  1 ! '  1 1 1  ■  1 1 1 1 1 : '  1 1 1 !  r  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1  r  ]  1 1 1 . .  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1  n  1 1 1 L !  J 1 1  i  J  J 1 1 ;  1 1 1  ■:  1 1 1  ■ :  1 1 1 : ;  1 1 1 1 . 1 1 :  !  1 1  ■  -  1 1  ■  - :  1 1   1 1 1 : 1 1 1 !  l  ! !  1 1  - 1 1 1  ■  ;  1 1 :  : ■  1 1 1  ■  ■  1 1   !  1 1  : 1 1 1 : ,  1 1 .  1 1 1 :  ^  1 1 1 : !  1 1 1  r :  1 1 .  = 


imimiimmiiiiiiimimiiiiliimimiimimmmiimmiiimiimim iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimnmiimiiiii minimi; 

*  Alberhill  Clays  | 

Scientifically-compounded    into    bodies    suitable    for    the    manu-     I 

facture  of 

High  Grade  Refractories  Sanitary  Ware 

Hotel  China  and  White  Ware  Chemical  Stoneware 

Electrical  Insulators  Building  Brick  and  Tile 

Architectural  and  Garden  Terra  Cotta 

ALBERHILL  SERVICE 
|  The  manufacturer  who  buys  Alberhill  Compounded  Clays  gets 
=  with  them  the  benefit  of  the  intensive  research  work  conducted 
I  in  the  Alberhill  Research  Laboratories.  Here,  the  character- 
[  istics  of  each  clay  come  under  the  scrutiny  of  a  corps  of  cera- 
1  mists  of  long  experience,  and  here  the  mixtures  are  developed 
=     in   an   effort   to   secure   the  best    results   for   the   manufacturer. 

The  findings  of  the  laboratory  staff  are  checked  by  small  scale 
|     commercial  production  before  the  final  compound  is  offered  in 

|  the  market. 
I 

The    Alberhill    Coal    &     Clay    Co.  at  this  time  supplies  nearly 

[  ninety  per  cent  of  all  the  clays  used  in  Southern  California;  its 

I  product    goes    regularly    to    seventeen    different    clay    products     = 

I  plants,  among  which  is  that  of  the  largest  clay  products  manu- 

|  facturer  in  the  West. 

|  A  letter  stating  your  requirements  will  not  obligate  you  in  the 

|  slightest  degree;  it  will,   however,  bring  you  promptly  a  work- 

I  ing   sample   of   the   Alberhill   Clay    Compound    best   adapted   to     j 

|  your  particular  needs. 

ALBERHILL  COAL  &  CLAY  COMPANY 

Pacific  Electric  Building  Los  Angeles,   Calif. 

S>iMiiilijriiiirijiiijliiiiiiriiircMitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiisiiij[iiiiiiir3iiiJiiiiiii)iiiiiiiiijiiiMiitiiitiiiriiiiiiiiiiiii>iiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;tMii[iirjiii)iiitinittiiittiitiii  i~^ 

giiiiiiiiiiinmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiMiiiniiniiniiitiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiinrmiiiiiiiimniiiiiiiiMiimiiimini 

I  NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHAl 

(JAPAN   MAIL  STEAMSHIP  CO.) 
Capital,   Yen  $100,000,000  Head   Office,  Tokyo 


Fleet  99— Gross  Tonnage,  600,000 

l  TRANS-PACIFIC  PASSENGER  SERVICE 

I  Between  Seattle  and  Hong  Kong  via  Japan  Ports, 
Shanghai  and  Manila,  with  Direct  Connection  for 
All  Points  in  the  Orient  and  Australia 

|    Greatly    Improved    Fast    Service   of   Large,    High-Powered    Modern 
Twin  and  Triple  Screw  Steamships  with   Unequaled 
Passenger  Accommodations 

DISPLACEMENT: 

1    S.   S.    Suwa    Maru 21,020  tons        S.  S.  Katorl  Maru 19,200  tons 

=     S.  S.   Fushimi    Maru. ...21, 020  tons         S.   S.   Atsuta    Maru 16,000  tons 

i    S.  S.   Kashima   Maru  .19,200  tons        S.  S.   Kamo   Maru 16,000  tons 

1  For   further   Information,   rates,    tickets,    berth    reservation,    etc., 

=  apply  to  any  office  of  the  principal  railways  In  the  United  States 

I  and  Canada,  also  any  office  of  Messrs.  Thos.  Cook  &  Son,  Messrs. 

=  Raymond  &  Whitcomb  Co.,  American  Express  Co.,  and  other  tourist 

=  agencies  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  or  to  the 

NIPPON  YUSEN  KAISHA 

I    Colman  Building       Railway  Exchange  Bldg.       Equitable  Bldg. 
Seattle  Chicago  New  York 

Smillllllilimililiiililiiimmiimiiimiiiiiimmilimilllimjlimmil 


176 


Pan  Pacific 


-milllllllllllimilllliimimillliilliilllillllllimimiimillilllllllliiii iiiiiuiii iiiiiiiiiiiini imimiimiiii mil mi lilllllllllllllllll llllinilll mill miiiiiiiiiim iinillli lillliiiiiiiiiiimiiimimmiiiimimimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiim'.: 

NEW  YORK  KOBE  BOMBAY        1 


MEHTA  &   LYNN 


Codes: 

A.  B.  0.  5th  Edition 
Lieber's  5  Letter 


Importers:  235  MONTGOMERY  Exporters: 

Vegetable  Oils,  Copra,  Gums,  Shellac  and  Peanuts  Iron  and  Steel  Products,  Machinery  of  All  Kinds, 

Hides,  Chicle,  Waxes,  Raw  Products  of  all  Kinds  Railroad  Equipment,  Chemicals  and  Dyes, 

Petroleum  Products 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 


^ '.  1 1 1 . 1 1 1  i  ^ '  1 1 i  I .  ill-  1 1 ...  I  i .  :  1 1 . 1 1 1  -  II:  III     1 1 . . !  I .     !  I .  ■  I .  :  I .     I  i .     I ! .  :  i  i  i  1 1 , ;  1 1  i  1 1 1 : . !  1 1 . 1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1  - !  1 1 1 J  J 1 1 L 1 1 1 1  i  1 1 1 1 1 J - " !  I  i . .  1 1 :  ■ , !     ■  I .  "  1 1 .  :  I  -     !      ■  I      ! :     .  I  ■     II  .  I  i .  !  I      II.  :  I :  .ill  !  I .     !  I     ' ! , . :  1 1     II.  Ill ■ !  I ,  :  1 1  i :  1 1 1 .  !  I , .  1 1 1 .  I !     1 1 :  :  1 1 , .  i  1 1 :  111,^111.  "  I ! i  1 1 1 :  1 1  i . :  1 1 1 . ,  1 1 .     I :  I . . . 

^T>iiirifjiLiiiriii  taiiRitairciiiimi  taan  tsiirmitii  t>jjri)iitiiiic9irrajii*iiiiaiirtjician  tin  tajiiriiiiiiiiEanca  ■ijiiitiiiiiiiii[iiitiiifiiiiTiirtiiiiiiiif«iijpiiKriijiiiifiiiJiiijfiiitjii*jiiiiiiif)ii]<iii)iiiiiiiifiiiiiiitiiiii4iif«iiitf  riciitjjtrit  iraifticiniaj  t>mir>iirait>>ii  mi  vtsu  traiiiiDitiiirBiiriiiiirsjmgTTtfiJii  tain  t  n  tviiiroiiiiiijrcijiitiiii^^ 


BRANCHES: 
Kobe 
Tokyo 
Shanghai 
New  York 


INTER  OCEAN  TRADING  CO.,  Inc. 


Cable  Address: 
INTEROCEAN 


IMPORTERS  OF 

Beans,    Peas,    Peanuts,    Spices,    Wax, 

Oils,  Etc. 


IMPORT    AND    EXPORT    MERCHANTS 

STEAMSHIP   AGENTS   AND   BROKERS 

General  Offices:  901-902-903  L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 

SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A.  EXPORTERS  OF 

Steel,    Machinery,    Railroad    Equipment,   Tin    Plate, 
INQUIRIES  SOLICITED  Sheets,  Etc. 


^••fiiiitiiiiitiJiitiiiiiiiiiiiiriiitiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiisiitaiiriiTiiiuiiirtiiiiiiJiiiiirsiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiijiijiiitiiiiiii  iiiiiiiitJiitiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiKiiiiiiiirMitiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiuiii iiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimimiimiiimimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimijiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimimiimiiiiiiiiiiiimi 

B£J  i  t  r  f  1 1 1 1 1 1  r  i  m  i  r  r :  1 1 1  ^  1  ]  i  r  j  1 1 1 1  ■  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 : ;  1 1 1 : 1 1 '  1 1  r :  1 1  -  :  1 1  : 1 1  :  i .  ■ ,  ■  ■  ■ : ;  1 1  r :  1 1 1  r  ■  1 1 :  .■  1 1 1 : ;  1 1  r  ?  1 1 1  r  ]  j  i  l  ,  1 1 1  ti  1 1  : 1 1 :  e  1 1  r  r  1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 !  1 1 1 ! !  1 1  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  [  ]  1 1  [  1 1 1  l  I  j  I  r  [  1 1 1 1 1 1  i_i;         H i minimi iiilillll iiiiimiiiiiiiiim iiiiiiiimiimiimiimiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiMiiimiimiiti 


QUALITY 


PLUS 


SERVICE 

IS 

OUR  BASIS  OF  VALUE 

Our  Clients  are  not  only  certain  of  Quality 
but  also  of  the  fact  that  our  entire  organiza- 
tion is  at  their  service. 


Schmidt  Lithograph  Co. 


FRESNO 
SEATTLE 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
PORTLAND 
HONOLULU 


SACRAMENTO 
LOS  ANGELES 


Riiiiiuiiiiuiiuiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiufi; 


continuous  agitating  cooker 
|     High  Grape  Canning  Machinery 

is  the  real  answer  for  the 

EVER  RISING  LABOR  COST  of 

|    QUANTITY  and  QUALITY  ERUIT  CANNING    | 

|  California  leads  the  world  in  output  of  Canned  Fruit  and  careful    j 

|  investigation  will  convince  you  that  the  A-B.  Co.  is  one  of  the    j 

|  biggest  factors  in  this  production. 

When  you  write  to  either  address  below,  tell  us  the  kind   of    j 

1  fruits  you  want  to  can,  the  number  of  cans  per  hour  and  the  size    j 

|  of  the  can  and  we  can  then  quote  you  intelligently. 

|  We  manufacture  complete  lines  of  better  class  machinery  for    j 

I  canning  fruits  and  tomatoes. 

|  1920  delivery  orders  for  Cookers  have  on  February  1st  nearly    i 

|  doubled  our  entire  1919  output. 

|  Get  your  orders  or  inquiries  in  NOW. 

ANDERSON-BARNGROVER   MFG.    CO. 

SAN  JOSE,  CALIFORNIA 

Export  Sales  Mgr.,  WM.  HORSTMAN 

350-352  Monadnock  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  California 

plllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMinillllllllllllllllllllllllinMIIMinMIIIMIIHIinMIIIIIIIIMinilllllllHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIi^ 


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Cable  Address 
"FERGCO" 

All  Codes 


COLLINS -FERGUSON  CO. 

ENGINEERS 
Machinery  and  Metal  Products 


Main  Office 
L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 

SEATTLE,  U.S.A. 


-LUlIlUlUilUIUJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllMlllllllllllllllMIIINIIIIIIINIIIIIUIIJIIIIIIIIIMIIIIinillJIIMJIIinilllllMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIMIItlllinilMlltlMIIIIIMIIIMIIlMIII 1 1 1  111  1 1 1 1 1 1  It 1 1111 1 1  III  1 1  III  I  111  1 1 1 1]  1 1 1  III  I M 1 1  III  1 1  III  1 1 II 1 1  IS  II  lill  I  III  1 1  III  I  Hll  1 1  III  1 1  III  1 1 II 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  til  1 1  l>J  1 1 1 II 1 1 U 1 1 1 1 II I  lltll  1 1  111  lllll  lllllltll  II 1 1  Ml  I  111  I  .= 

fe"" ' """ iiiiiiumiraiMiiiiiiiin iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu i iiiiiimiimiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiimiiimimiiiiiiiiiimiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinimiiiiiimiiniiinnnmiminiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiitiniiiiiiilli'S 


ITO  &  COMPANY,  ltd. 

Successors  to  Cho  Ito  &  Co. 
HEAD  OFFICE:  KOBE,  JAPAN 
IMPORTERS— EXPORTERS 
NEW  YORK  OFFICE: 
1613-15  Sun  Building,  150  Nassau  St. 


OILS 

BEANS 

SEEDS 


mimiiimimiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiimiiiiiuiii 


\OHO/, 


llliillllililililiiimimiimiimimii/.iiiiimiiimiimimiiimmiiiii.llillllimilllilltMi 


METALS 

CHEMICALS 

MACHINERY 

SEATTLE  OFFICE: 
L.  C.  Smith  Building 

jillliimiiiiiiiimiimiimS 


March    1920 


177 


'iiimiiiiiiiiiiiniiifmiiiim wiimiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii n i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiu i i « mm i iimiimiimmiimi i minimi in i i mm ilmmiimiimiiimmiii i niiiiimiiiiKm iiiiil- 

PACIFIC  TIRE  MOLD 

A  COMBINATION  1/3  CIRCLE  DRY  CURE 
RETREAD  MOLD  AND  SECTIONAL  VULCANIZER 

The  attention  of  Dealers  throughout  the  world  is  called  to  the  advantages  of  this  Tire  Mold 

Each  Pacific  Tire  Mold  has 

Five  Powerful  Clamps— 3000  lbs.  Pressure  to  the  Square  Inch.     Also  Pressure  Spring. 

Gas  Burner,  Steam  Gauge,  Safety  Pop  Valve,  Funnel,  Water  and  Overflow  Valves 

EACH  MOLD  IS  A  SEPARATE  UNIT 

Rib  Tread  or  Plain  Tread 

Special  Patented  Kerosene-Gas  Burners  Extra  if  Desired 

Tube  Plates— Buffers  Three  Cavity  Sectional  Molds 

FOREIGN  REPRESENTATION  DESIRED 

PRICES  AND  LITERATURE  ON  APPLICATION 


L.  L.  CALDWELL  COMPANY 


1128  VAN  NUYS  BLDG. 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


-.ilimiiiimiimiimimiimiiiiiiiimmiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilimiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiimimiiimmiimmmm'mm^^ 


Sim i i iimiiniiimimiimi iiiiimiiimim mm ' iiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimi i mm milling 


PUNCTURES 

And 

BLOW-OUTS 

Quickly  and  Permanently  Repaired 
By  Using 

STA-STUR 

The  Hoitest  Road  Heat  Will  Not 
Affect  It 


Can  Be  Applied  in  Two  Minutes 
Ready  For  Use  Immediately 


Foreign 

Correspondence 

Samples 

Connections 

in  all 

and  Prices 

Solicited 

Languages 

on  Request 

Manufactured  by 

THE 

Incorporated 

CO. 

LOS  ANGELES 

All  Codes 

Cable  Address 

CALIF. 

Used 

STASTUK 

We  Are  in  an  Advantageous 
Position  to  Offer 

FOR  EXPORT 

GASOLINE 

KEROSENE 

DISTILLATES 

LUBRICATING  OILS 

GREASES 

Packed  for  Export  in  Cases  Containing 

2-5  Gal.  Cans  (U.  S.  Net) 

Also  50  Gal.  Steel  Drums 


WILSHIRE  OIL  CO.,  Inc. 

REFINERS— MARKETERS— EXPORTERS 
2455  East  27th  Street 
Los  Angeles,  U.  S.  A. 


SimiiiimmmmiimmiiiHiiNHmiiMiiilillimimimimmimiiNiiiiiiimiimimiimimiimmiimmilHilimimillimiimmmmimimmiilimii-         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

=i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  n  1 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 II 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 11 F  M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Mil M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MIIMI 111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111111 II 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111=' 

HORSTMAN  &  STOVER 

DIRECT  EXPORT  SALES  MANAGERS  ANDERSON-BARNGROVER 
FRUIT  CANNING  MACHINE  MANUFACTURERS 
Representation  wanted  in  Central  and  South  America,  New  Zealand,  Australia,  India,  Dutch  East  Indies,  Hawaii, 

Japan  and  Siberia 
Representatives  for  Dietz  Cough  Drop  Company.    Sanctioned  by  Government  Medical  Department  during  the  war 

as  a  real  Cough  and  Cold  Remedy 
If  you  are  contemplating  a  visit  to  San  Francisco  we  woul  d  be  glad  to  have  you  make  our  offices  your  headquarters 

Correspondence  in  all  Languages 

350-2-4  MONADNOCR  BUILDING  SAN  FRANCISCO 


3a>>iJiiiJiii>iiitftiiiitiii»*iiiiitin>f  jiiti<jiiijiiit.iii  jiiii  ■■■■irjiiiiiiiJiiiKiiirTiiitiiiiiiiiitJiiraiiifinitiiii* ■■■■•■tiiiiit ■■■riiiii.inir iin.iiin ■tjiiiriiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiKiiuiii.  ■!  •  t><  ■  ■>•  j  ■■>■■  ■!••■■  1*1  ■■  ri  j  ttta  ■■  ri<  ■■  if  ■■■■■■■  til  ■■■  >  ■■■  ri  ■■  tai  ■  tff  ■■  rti  ■■■  r  ■■■■  ri  ■■  i  j  ■■■■  i  ■■■  1 1  ■■■  rLUXUJJJU  ■■  r  •■•■•>■  u  t  "■'•' r~s- 


178 


Pan  Pacific 


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JENSEN     THERMOSTAT 


PROLONGS      LIPE 
OP     ENGINE 


317  W.  Pico  Street 


It  automatically  supplies  proper  amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen 
to  make  perfect  combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  overheating 

INCREASES  MILEAGE  AND  POWER-GIVES  SPEED  AND  SNAP 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Foreign  Countries 

Samples,  Literature   and   Prices   Sent  on   Request   to  Responsible  Concerns 

HALBURN  COMPANY 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


=,iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMimimiiiiiiMiimiiiiiiiiiiijiiMiiiiiiiiMiiM'imiiniimiiiiiiiiiii!"iiiiii"w 
tu 1  mi  1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1  ri  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 11 1  [  i- t  r  1  ■  1  ti  1 1  n  1 11  >  1 11 1  ■  11 1  m  1 1  l  1 1 1 1  >  ■  ii  1  <  ;i  4 1 a 


^     I 


Open 

Folding  Portable  Gasoline  Camp  Stoves, 
made  of  24  gauge  steel,  black  enamel. 
No  soot,  smoke  or  odor — will  not  blow 
out.  Works  under  air  pressure. 
Send  for  literature.  Foreign  represen- 
tation desired. 


Harry  M.  Waterman 

1311  S.  Figueroa  Street 

Los  Angeles 


Closed 


MILLER 

CARBURETOR 


Most  (Compact  andlEfficient 
Carburetor  Made 

Fewer  Parts— Absolutely  Automatic 

Representation  Desired  in  all  Parts  of  the  World 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

HARRY  A.  MILLER  MFG.  CO. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A. 


NITROLENE 

A  lubricating  Oil  of  the  Highest  Qual- 
ity. Specially  blended  and  made  in  all 
weights.  Increases  Compression  —  Re- 
duces Friction  —  Lessens  Carbon. 


800   to   1000   Miles   frequently   obtained 
on  one  gallon  of  Nitrolene. 


Furnished    in    15    to    50    gallon    Steel 
Drums. 

Special  attention  to  export   orders. 


Foreign    Agencies   Desired 
Correspondence   in   all    Languages 


NITROLENE  OIL  CO.,  Inc. 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF.,  U.  S.  A. 


n)lltlllllllHIIIMIIIllllltlllllllllllltllllllllllimillfllllMllllll]llllillllllllllllMlltllllllllllllllllllllllfr.  ,"111111111111111111111111111111  lllinillllllillllillllllltllllllllllllllllMIIIMIIItllllllllllllllllllllllllllNliniT-  ^lllllllllllillllllllilllllllllllllllHIIIIIIIIllllllllinilHIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIlllllfllllllllillllillllllillllilllllf^ 

^jittiitiiiiijiiitiiiitiiiiini  iiiiitiiijiiiiTiiiftiiiiiiitriiiiiiiriiiiTiiiiJiiiJiiiiiiitfiiiiiiiTriiifiiiJiiiriiiifiiirfiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiTiiiipiiiiiiiTiiiitiitTiiiitiiiiiiiifiin  il^         ^itiiiiijiitiiiirinitiiiri  iiitmiii  iiiriiiriiiiriiiiriiiitnii  iiii  iiiitmii  turf  iiiiiiiitiiiif  iiitiiiiiiiiiiniiinii  Miitiii»tnt(iiiiJiii>jiiraiiiri]iiijiiiiriiiftiiiif  i  iitiiiira^ 

BLACK  BEAR  GREASES  [ 

Cup,   Transmission,   Axle,   Car,   Graphite, 

Gear,  Chain,  Skid,  Curve,  Tractor, 

Hair  and  Wool  Flock 

Manufactured  under  our  exclusive 
patented  process 

A  distinctive  Grease  of  unusual  wearing 
qualities  and  high  heat  resistance 

FULL   INFORMATION    UPON    REQUEST 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  CO. 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters 
715  W.  Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Wash.,  U.  S.  A.    j 

OR   ANY   OF   OUR    REPRESENTATIVES 
I     SYCIP  HANSON   WINKEL  CO.,  Inc.,  327  J.  Luna  Binondo,  Manila,     [ 
P.  I.— P.  M.  SCOTT  &  CO.,  76  Pitt  St.,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.— 
P.   LAFARGUE,   Casllla  308,   Valparaiso,  Chile 

TillllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllilltlllltllllllllllllllNlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIItMIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIff 

«Mti'itit>tiii3iiiriiiiitiiitiirr>iirtjiiftiifTiiirMif  riiirriiiiiiif  iirrt  nitirirriiMriiiTriiriiiriiiiiTiirrf  iitriitiiiitiiiiiiiitriirfiiiriiiirnriiiiriiiirtiitriiiriiiiMi  riiiipiiti>piifiiiTfiiifiitfiiiijiiiriirr)iiririirriitrriiifriiitTii»tiiii*iiirpMiiriiiiFMtiiMriiiTrriifiii*»iirtijiiiiiiiriiirriiiiiiiir(iiiriiiifiiiiiiiiifjjinsirr<jiiiiiirffi>ii*ijrttiitrtfiG 

Glassine  Parchment  Candy  Grease-Proof       | 


Angelus  Tire  Covers  | 

High  class  perfect  fitting  covers  1 

packed  in  neat  attractive  cartons  | 

which  give  absolute  satisfaction  | 
to  the  user. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  letter-  I 

ing  same,  making  them  specially  [ 

adapted  for  advertising  purposes.  = 

We    also    manufacture    a    com-  | 

plete  line  of  Auto  comfy  cushions,  i 

Parker  &  Waterman 

1203-05  West  Washington  St. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


plllllllllllllHIIIIIIIUIIHIIlllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIlllinilllllllllllllllllllUllllllinillllllllllllllllHIIUIIIIlMIT 


BAGS 


BAGS 


BAGS 


Brown  Paper  Goods  Company 


Correspondence  Solicited 
from  Jobbers  and  Exporters 

iiiiiiiiiimuiiiiiiiiiimjiiiiiiiii 


224-248  WEST  HURON  ST.,  CHICAGO,  111. 


BAGS 


U.  S.  A. 
MANUFACTURERS 


iiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuai 


llllliilllllllllllflllllllllll llllllllilllllMltlltltliril lllltl.auHUUUI4CUUllltlilllllllllllllllltllMlillU>lllllllltllllllll(t|l.l">ltllllltllllHllllt9<llMIIIIII. 


March    1920 


179 


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I  KAY  BEE  I 

SPOTLIGHTS 

The  Most  Powerful  Spot  Light  Made 
21  Candle  Power — Nitro  Globes 


Represen- 
tation 
Desired 
in  all 
Foreign 
Countries 

Samples 
Prices  and 

Full 
Informa- 
tion Sent 
on  Request 


Instantly  Removable  from  Bracket,  its  Flood  of  White  Light 

Makes  Everything  as  Bright  as  Day 

More  Concentrated  Light  With  Less  Glare  or  Diffusion  Than 

With  any  Other  Spotlight 


rr 


Weight 

IH 

Pounds 

with 

Bracket 

Adaptable 

to  any 

Wind- 

shield 

^llllllllllllltllllllllllllllUlllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllIIIIIUIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllUMIIIIIUtMltlllUllltlllltllllllllllllllllltlllltlllllllllllllllllllllltllllllll^ 

I  PLANET  SUB-TIRE  I 

"A  TIRE  WITHIN  A  TIRE" 

|    Made  of  the  best  rubber  and  fabric.    Will  increase  from  50  to    | 
I    100  per  cent  the  mileage  on  any  casing,  new  or  old. 
This  Sub-Tire, 

NOT  BEING  CEMENTED  IN, 

may  be  readily  transferred  from  one  casing  to  another. 


Extra  Thickness 
Prevents  Punctures 


Soft  Cushion  Rubber  Prevents 
Friction  and  Stone  Bruises 


Any 


Also  made 

Inner  Tub 

in 

= 

Motorcycle 

= 

Type 

1 

Extends  to  Base  of  Rim  Prevents  Rim  D!ow  Outs 


MORE  EFFICIENT  THAN  ANY  ARTICLE  EVER  DESIGNED 
FOR  A  SIMILAR  PURPOSE 


Foreign 

Literature 

Correspondence 

Representation 

on 

in  all 

Desired 

Request 

Languages 

MANUFACTURED   BY 

Planet  Rubber  Co. 


I    312  West  35th  Street 


Los  Angeles,  Calif. 


I    125  E.  NINTH  ST. 


LOS  ANOBLxiS,  CAL. 


U.   S.   A. 


F.iiiiiiiiiiuiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiii iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuir        SiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiuiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiNiiiMiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiii; 

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THE "MARMON" 

One  of  America's  Sturdy  Hifch-Grade 
Cars 


Renewed  Automobiles 

National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 

Los  Angeles  Export  &  Import  Co. 

Distributors  for  Export 


THE  "CADILLAC 


r»i  l  i  i  s>    it  Known  the  World  Over  for  Speed, 

223  Union  Oil  Bldg.  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Power  and  stability 


ITiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiim iiiiiiiiiuini""  "  ■  mimAU  mj  11 1 1 1 1  n  mi  i  u  n  i  in  i  mi  i  mi  inn  u  imiimiimjii  1 1  m  i  iiiii  mi  i  nn  i  n ij  iiijii  1 111 1 1 111 1  ijii  11  in  iiiii  1111  ii  iiii  1 111 1 1  ill  i  iiii  i  iiii  i  un  mi  1 1  in  i  tin  n  in  m:i  i  in  n  iki  i  in  1 1  in  linn  miiiiiiiuimillllil  l  mi  ir^ 

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Cambria  Spring  Company 


INCORPORATED 
"PROVEN  QUALITY" 


WHEELS  AND  RIMS  SPRING  BUMPERS 

AUTO  AND  TRUCK  SPRINGS 

Office:  916-918  So.  Los  Angeles  Street 

Factory:  913-921  Santee  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

Code:     WESTERN    UNION 


COMMISSION  AGENTS 

Do  You  Want  to  Purchase  Anything 
Made  or  Sold  in  the  United  States? 

This  Organization  will  place  at  your  disposal  the 
services  of  Trained  Buyers,  obtaining  lowest 
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Our    Service    Opens    the 
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Goods    Bought    or    Sold    on    Commission    Basis 

L.  L.  CALDWELL  CO. 

1128  Van  Nuys  Building  Los  Angeles,  Calif. 


Jiuiiiiiuiijjjiuiiiiuiiijiiuiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiijuiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiir        ;MiimiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiHiiiiiiniiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuuiiiiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii]niiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiNini7 


180 


Pan     Pacific 


Cables:  "Smythe  Philadelphia' 


The 


J.  L.  N.  Smythe 

Company 

Every  Kind  of 

PAPER 


Writing 

Simili 

Glassine 

Bond 

Cap 

Wrapping 

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Absorbing 

Kraft 

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Screen 

Manila 

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Tissue 

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Art 

Blotting 

Tag 

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Typewriter 

Greaseproof 

Specialties 

An  old  established  Philadelphia  firm  dealing  in 

dependable  papers  and  dependable  service. 

Cable  or  write  us  your  needs. 

MAIN  OFFICE 
30-34  SOUTH  SIXTH  STREET 

PHILADELPHIA,  U.  S.  A. 


YOUR  BANKING  AFFILIATION 
IS  THE  BEST  INDICATOR  OF 
YOUR  CREDIT  AND  STANDING. 


A  connect  ion  with 


Vbe 


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1 


flfeercbants  flattonal  Bank 

Of  LOS  ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 

will  guarantee  for  your  house  and  your  goods 

the  favorable  consideration  of  every  merchant 

and  market  bordering  the  Pacific. 

SPECIAL  INVITATION 

All  traders  who  attend  the  Foreign  Trade  Con- 
vention in  May  are  invited  to  use  our  Foreign 
Trade  Department  and  to  leave  with  us  such 
I  establishment  as  will  place  at  their  service  our 
I  trade  facilities  for  the  purchase  or  sale  of 
li   their  merchandise. 

|    Address  or  call  upon: 

Mr.  GEO.  B.  CARPENTER, 

Foreign  Trade  Adviser, 

Merchants  National   Bank,   Los   Angeles,   California 


* 


m 

19)5     Cable  Address: 
>KK  =     "MERCHANTS 


ALL 
CODES 


Correspondence 

in  all  languages     i  <§«£ 


II 


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BUNKER  COAL 


AT 


San  Diego— Port  Los  Angeles 

(SAN  PEDRO) 

We  Are  Prepared  to  Furnish  Bunker  Coal  to  Ocean 
Going  and  Coastwise  Vessels 

Best  Quality  Coal  Carried 
in  Stock  at  Both  Ports 

We  are  also  prepared  to  act  as  port  agents  or 
handle  any  other  business  entrusted  to  us 


Spreckels  Bros.  Commercial  Co. 


LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF. 
201  Citizens  National  Bank  Bidg. 


SAN  DIEGO,  CALIF. 
Santa  Fe  Wharf 


Cable  Address  "SPRECKELS" 

J 

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March    1  920 


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MARCH,  1920 

=     Vol  V  No    5     = '  ""*  '  >=■**!_§-  ** 

TUI.    T  HO.    J       =111111111 

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PAN  PACIFIC 

A  MAGAZINE  OF  INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE 


John  H.  Gerrie  Editor 

San  Francisco,  California 

ASSOCIATED  EDITORS  AND  STAFF 
CORRESPONDENTS 

Wm.  E.  Aughinbaugh,  M.D.;  B.S.;  L.L.D New  York 

B.  A.  McKelvie  Vancouver,  B.   C. 

Juiji  G.  Kasai,  A.M Japan 

Valabdhas  Runchordas  India 

George    Mellen    Honolulu 

Thomas  Fox  Straits  Settlement 

W.    H.    Clarke Australia 

Lazaro    Basch    .'. Mexico 

Vincent  Collovich  Chile  and  Peru 

L.    Carroll    Seattle 

W.  W.  Wilmot  Los  Angeles 

Chao-Hsin  Chu,   B.C.S.,   M.M _ China 

H.   M.   Dias  Ceylon 


PAN  PACIFIC  is  devoted  to  the  friendly  development 
of  COMMERCE  among  ALL  countries  bordering  the  Pa- 
cific Ocean.  It  aims  to  give  authentic  informatiom  bear- 
ing upon  the  creation  of  PERMANENT  Foreign  Trade; 
that  the  AMERICAN  MERCHANT  MARINE  may  rest 
upon  an  enduring  basis  of  reciprocal  benefaction  to  all 
peoples  who  look  to  America  for  aiding  financial  and  in- 
dustrial advancement. 

AMERICAN  CONSULS  are  privileged  to  send  cards  of 
introduction  with  Foreign  Buyers  to  PAN  PACIFIC  fully 
assured  that  such  cards  will  entitle  buyers  to  all  the 
PRIVILEGES  of  our  EDUCATIONAL  and  INFORMA- 
TION Bureaus,  while  traveling  in  the  United  States. 

Pan  Pacific  is  published  monthly.  Subscription  price, 
$3.00  per  year  (gold)  in  advance.  Single  copies,  25  cents. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Correspondence  in  any 
language.     Address  all  communications  to 

PAN    PACIFIC   CORPORATION,    Publishers 

Head  Office:     618  Mission  Street,  San   Francisco 

New  York  Office:     2309  Park  Row  Building. 

Telephone  Barclay  8180 


Special  Features  in  This  Issue 

Pacific  Port  Terminal  for  San  Francisco  Bay  

B.  F.  Cresson  Jr.  and  C.  W.  Staniford 

National  Foreign  Trade  Convention  to  Discuss  Pacific  Problems 

C.  P.  Converse 

Scouts  Have  Helped  Make  Philippines  a  Great  Trading  Nation.. D.  K.  Grady 

Pan  American  Congress  Adopts  Resolutions   

Development  of  China  Will  Restore  World's  Trade  Balance...  Julean  Arnold 

Teeming  Millions  of  Far  East  Potential  Buyers  of  American  Goods 

L.  D.  Snyder 

Japan  Fast  Advancing  in  Steel  Industry  

A  Great  New  Port  of  the  Pacific 

Free  Port  Would  Give  Trade  Impetus... W.  H.  Hammer 

Resources  of  Peru  Offer  Field  for  American  Capital Atilio  Tassara 

South  American  Doors  Open  to  Ca,ptains  of  Industry C.  S.  Cooper 

Credit  is  Large  Factor  in  Commerce  of  Dutch  East  Indies...    Jnh" 


183 

187 
189 
191 
19 % 

196 
197 
198 
199 
200 
201 


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182 


JgmmmiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiimiiiiiiHiimiiiiiiiiiiiniimii 


Pan     Pacific 

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OCEtf  TRANSPORT  OU 


KAIUN  KABUSHIKI  KAISHA) 

OF  KOBE, 
JAPAtf 

AGENTS  AT  ALL   PRINCIPAL 
PORTS  IN  THE  WORLD 

Operating  Modem  Freight  Steamers 
100  A  1  Lloyd's 

PACIFIC    SAILINGS  IOR  ORIENT 


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ATLANTIC    SAILINGS    FROM   NEW  YORK/guT? 
SAILINGS,  NEW  ORLEANS  70  PRINCIPAL  ORIENTAL   TORTS, 
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WE  SOLICIT  YOUR  INQUIRIES 
FOR  CARGOES  TO  ALL 
PRINCIPAL  PORTS  IN  THE  WORLD 


TRAUS  OCEAHlC 


^CNEPAL  AGENTS  FOR  UNITED  STATES  and  CANADA 


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NEW  ORLEANS 
H1BERNIA  BANK 


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March    I  920 


183 


Pacific  Port  Terminal  for  San  Francisco 

Bay— Described  by  B.  F.  Cresson,  Jr.  and  C.  W.  Staniford 


THERE  has  been  greater  activity 
at  Pacific  Coast  seaport  cities 
during  the  last  few  years  in  arous- 
ing public  opinion  to  the  neces- 
sity for  increasing  the  shipping  facili- 
ties in  order  to  prepare  for  the  manu- 
facturing, industrial  and  commercial 
growth  that  is  inevitable,  provided  the 
opportunity  is  presented.  There  is  now 
a  very  definite  public  opinion  on  the 
Coast  that  the  future  holds  out  great 
promise  if  the  necessary  facilities  are 
created. 

The  time  has  now  arrived  when  ac- 
tive steps  must  be  taken  towards 
constructing  wharfage  and  warehouse 
facilities  adequate  for  the  use  of  our 
ever  increasing  merchant  marine. 
Most  ports  have  restricted  their  activ- 
ities simply  to  the  construction  of 
docks,  with  little  consideration  to  the 
development  of  adequate  storage  and 
terminal  facilities,  due  sometimes  to 
lack  of  foresight,  but  very  often  to 
the  lack  of  physical  opportunity  to 
do  so. 

New   York  Expected 
To      Hold      Position 

New  York  undoubtedly  will  hold  its 
premier  position  as  leading  port  on  the 
Atlantic  coast,  while  San  Francisco, 
now  in  the  same  relative  position  on 
the  Pacific  Coast,  must  expand  its  fa- 
cilities and  be  augmented  from  tribu- 
tary territory  in  San  Francisco  Bay, 
in  order  to  hold  its  pre-eminence  as  a 
port. 

On  the  Atlantic,  the  congestion  in 
the  port  of  New  York  at  a  time  when 
trade  routes  are  increasing  the  de- 
mand for  more  room,  offers  the  in- 
ducement for  all  other  Atlantic  coast 
cities  to  endeavor  to  obtain  some  of 
this  trade,  and  there  is  an  intense 
rivalry  between  them  for  this  purpose. 

Here  on  the  Pacific,  the  increase  in 
the  population  of  coast  cities,  the 
near  future  influence  of  the  Panama 
Canal,  the  many  absolutely  necessary 
new  routes  of  trade  to  the  Orient,  to- 
gether with  the  surety  of  more  manu- 
facturing being  carried  on  in  the  fu- 
ture of  the  coast,  all  demand  the  lo- 
cation of  a  real  terminal  in  San  Fran- 
cisco Bay. 


77iis  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  articles 
to  be  printed  in  this  magazine  describ- 
ing prospective  port  developments  along 
the  Pacific  Coast  in  preparation  for  the 
anticipated  rush  of  trade  on  the  Pacific 
highway  of  commerce. 


San  Francisco  has  retained  its  lead- 
ership on  account  of  its  commanding 
position  in  San  Francisco  Bay,  with 
world  fame  as  regards  size,  depth  and 
security  from  storm,  together  with  its 
two  great  feeding  tributaries,  the  Sac- 
ramento and  San  Joaquin  Rivers,  and 
bids  fair  to  retain  for  the  bay  its 
present  supremacy  as  the  metropolis, 
in  so  far  as  the  maritime  interests  of 
this  coast  are  concerned. 

The  city  may  expand  its  maritime 
possibilites  and  thereby  increase  its 
assets  in  other  lines  of  commercial 
activity  if  it  will  take  advantage  of 
the  natural  resources  of  the  bay  dis- 
tant from  the  city  itself,  at  some  place 
where  a  terminal,  or  terminals  may  be 
located,  where  deep  water  shipping 
may  be  served  with  direct  rail  con- 
nection with  the  trans-continental 
railroads,  and  where  warehouse  and 
storage  facilities  may  be  provided  and 
fortified  with  the  addition  of  sufficient 
back  land  for  the  creation  of  manu- 
facturing establishments  on  a  large 
scale,  and  the  very  important  require- 
ment   of   proper   living   facilities. 

Berkeley   Waterfront 
Offers      Ideal      Site 

An  ideal  site  combining  all  these 
factors  lies  along  the  east  bay  water- 
front at  the  city  of  Berkeley. 

The  extent  of  this  property,  its  di- 
rect railroad  connection  with  all  the 
continental  railroads  entering  San 
Francisco  bay,  its  close  proximity  to 
an  already  developed  center  which  is 
rapidly  reaching  its  limit  of  commer- 
cial expansion,  its  position  at  water's 
edge  at  the  only  break  in  the  ranges 
forming  two  relatively  undeveloped 
valleys  of  unsurpassed  fertility  and 
drained  by  rivers  capable  of  being 
made    largely    navigable,    a    mountain 


basin  beyond  these  valleys  of  unde- 
veloped "  and  undiscovered  mineral 
wealth,  are  some  of  its  principal  as- 
sets. 

In  its  present  natural  state  this  site 
is  admirably  equipped  to  produce  all 
the  necessary  adjuncts,  from  the  en- 
gineer's standpoint,  in  the  cheapest 
manner  known  for  producing  deep 
ship  wharfage  by  the  pumping  method, 
and  at  the  same  time  create  the 
necessary  nearby  land  for  intensive 
development  which  will  make  it  ex- 
ceedingly valuable. 

Mechanical  Handling 
of  Freight  to  Ships 
One  of  the  reasons  which  has  re- 
tarded the  more  efficient  use  of  ma- 
chinery for  handling  freight  direct 
from  railroad  cars  to  deep  draught 
vessels  has  arisen  from  the  unwilling- 
ness of  the  operator  to  surrender 
necessary  space  which  has  been  not 
only  produced  in  a  very  costly  man- 
ner on  piles,  but  which  was  also  in- 
tensively needed  for  storage.  The  Pa- 
cific port  terminal  is  so  designed  that 
all  of  these  difficulties  are  overcome 
and  the  necessary  room  is  created  in 
the  most  economical  manner  by  hy- 
draulic dredging  through  pump  and 
fill.  In  this  way  land  is  produced  ful- 
filling the  ordinary  function  of  the 
deck  floor  in  a  covered  pier,  and  in- 
stead of  being  costly  in  construction 
and  expensive  in  maintenance,  is  a 
solid  surface,  levelled,  ready  for  the 
reception  of  tracks  and  for  inexpen- 
sive  foundations  for  buildings. 

The  plan  provides  for  the  placing 
of  two  railroad  tracks  adjoining  the 
ships'  side,  so  that  semi-portal  cranes 
may  be  operated  between  ship  and 
the  wharf  shed,  and  in  other  places 
for  certain  classes  of  trade  the  rail- 
road tracks  are  brought  to  the  rear 
face  of  the  wharf  shed,  but  leaving 
sufficient  space  between  shed  and  ship 
to  properly  and  economically  handle 
cargo  and  at  the  same  time  permit 
of  operation  of  motor  trucks. 

The  cheaply  created  land  at  the 
ships'  side  enables  these  ideal  condi- 
tions to  be  produced  and  if  they  are 
not  placed  immediately,  the  space  re- 


184 


Pan    Pacific 


served  may  be  used  to  great  advan- 
tage in  the  ordinary  methods  of  han- 
dling. Track  or  switching  arrange- 
ments are  such  that  cars  may  be 
taken  from  and  delivered  to  the 
nearby  classification,  holding  and  de- 
livery yards  with  no  loss  of  time. 
Slow  in  Adopting 
European    Methods 

These  absolutely  necessary  facilities 
must  be  operated  in  the  future  through 
the  medium  of  an  increased  use  of 
mechanical  freight-handling  appli- 
ances. We  have  been  slow  in  adopt- 
ing the  European  methods  in  this  in- 
dustry, but  the  exigencies  of  war 
compelled  American  engineers  to  fol- 
low European  practice,  and  the  story 
of  the  enormous  amount  of  freight 
handled  at  our  army  bases  in  Prance 
by  mechanical  means,  furnishes  an  im- 
portant chapter  concerning  the  part 
played  by  the  United  States  in  the 
war. 

Some  of  this  prolific  use  of  machin- 
ery would  not  ordinarily  be  warranted 
under  normal  commerce  conditions, 
but  much  has  been  learned,  and  more 
machinery  will  be  required  to  success- 
fully compete  at  American  ports  in 
the  future. 

The  lack  of  sufficient  warehousing 
facilities,  adequate  industrial  or  fac- 
tory assets,  together  with  the  lack  of 
the  proper  use  of  the  best  handling 
machinery,  has  been  caused  by  the 
fact  that  American  seaports  have  been 
built  up  piece-meal,  each  expanding 
with  the  growth  of  the  city,  and  in 
almost  all  cases  in  very  restricted 
areas.  Hence  most  of  them  present 
simply  pier  systems,  with  barely  room 
for  the  reception  of  the  actual  freight 
between  steamers,  and  scarcely  enough 
room  for  the  ships  to  operate  in  the 
slips. 

Living     Conditions 
Ideal  for  Workers 

All  well-managed  manufacturing 
plants  and  industries  are  increasingly 
looking  after  the  welfare  of  their 
workers,  and  the  spaces  reserved  in 
the  plans  for  parks  and  playgrounds 
are  considered  absolutely  necessary 
for  any  well  ordered  community.  We 
know  of  many  instances  where  plants 
have  not  only  laid  out  parks,  but  have, 
in  beautiful  surroundings,  built  open 
swimming  pools  for  the  benefit  of  the 
employees. 

Another  waterfront  feature  which 
may  be  admirably  located  at  some 
point  along  the  inner  quay,  where  no 
special  dredging  would  be  required,  is 
a  yacht  harbor  center.  We  do  not 
necessarily  mean  by  this  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  yachts  of  larger  size 
only,  but  for  small  yachts  and  boat- 
ing. 

Although  a  sport  or  pleasure  fea- 
ture, it  is  a  natural  product  of  any 
maritime  community,  and  possesses  at 
the  same  time  certain  assets  of  trade. 
Sad  to  say,  it  is  being  driven  out  of 


almost  every  big  commercial  seaport, 
on  account  of  congestion  and  lack  of 
room,  but  should  be  encouraged  by 
creating  cheaply,  proper  protective 
barriers,  moorings  and  room  to  locate 
boathouses  nearby. 

On  account  of  these  large  areas  busi- 
ness will  come  to  Berkeley  by  utiliz- 
ing these  possibilities  so  that  the  fa- 
cilities produced  will  be  attractive  and 
furnish  the  opportunity  for  handling 
freight  on  the  waterfront  in  the  most 


Introducing  the  Authors 

B.  F.  CRESSON,  JR. 

MEMBER  American  Society  Civil 
Engineers;  member  Institution 
Civil  Engineers  of  Great  Britain;  mem- 
ber American  Institute  Mining  Engi- 
neers. For  three  and  a  half  years 
first  deputy  commissioner  of  docks,  New 
York  City,  in  general  charge  of  all 
engineering  activities.  For  three  years 
chief  engineer  of  the  New  Jersey  Har- 
bor Commission,  and  the  New  Jersey 
State  Board  of  Commerce  and  Naviga- 
tion. Now  consulting  engineer  for  the 
latter.  Consulting  engineer  for  the 
state  of  New  York  on  the  barge  canal 
terminals.  Consulting  engineer  to  the 
Director  of  storage,  War  Department, 
during  1918,  on  army  supply  bases  at 
Boston,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Nor- 
folk, Charleston,  S.  C.  and  New  Or- 
leans. Consulting  engineer  in  charge 
of  engineer's  office  New  York,  New 
Jersey  port  and  Harbor  Development 
Commission,  engaged  in  studying  and 
preparing  a  comprehensive  plan  for  the 
port  of  New  York. 

CHARLES    W.    STANIFORD 

MEMBER  American  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers;  associate  member 
American  Society  of  Port  Authorities; 
member  of  Society  of  Terminal  Engi- 
neers. For  thirteen  years  chief  engi- 
neer Department  of  Docks  and  Fer- 
ries of  the  city  of  New  York,  larger 
works  being  tne  construction  of  nine 
piers  with  two-story  steel  sheds,  for 
the  Transatlantic  Steamship  Terminals 
known  as  the  Chelsea  Improvement, 
and  the  construction  of  all  of  the 
Municipal  Ferry  structures.  Author  of: 
"Modern  Pier  Construction  in  New 
York  Harbor"  and  "Unusual  Coffer- 
Dam  for  1000  Foot  Pier,  New  York 
City.''  Made  report  to  the  Xllth 
International  Congress  of  Navigation 
on  "Improved  Methods  for  the  Trans- 
fer of  Freight  Between  the  Water- 
front, the  Railway  and  the  Ware- 
house." After  visiting  and  studying 
the  plans  and  methods  of  the  princi- 
pal seaports  of  Europe,  made  an  ex- 
tensive report  thereon  which  was  pub- 
lished by  the  Department  of  Docks 
and  Ferries,  New  York  City.  Mem- 
ber of  Committee  of  Advisory  Engi- 
neers for  .planning  reconstruction  of 
New  York  Central  Railroad  Terminals 
in  New  York.  Member  of  Committee 
on  Port  Terminals,  Storage  Committee, 
for  planning  overseas  shipments  to 
France,  during  the  first  year  of  war. 


economic  manner.  The  plan  shows 
harbor  works,  warehouses  and  factory 
developments  worked  out  in  an  ideal 
way  which  will  require  many  years 
for  production  in  its  entirety,  but  it 
is  arranged  so  that  a  beginning  may 
be    made  -  along    the    waterfront    im- 


mediately, and  so  that  it  may  be  in- 
creased gradually  upon  exact  lines  in 
the  future,  by  adding  units  toward 
completion  of  the  whole. 

In  this  way  it  is  expected  to  start 
the  development  by  dredging  a  chan- 
nel from  deep  water  inshore  to  the 
■outshore  end  of  the  unit  selected,  and 
create  here  a  wharfage  face  sufficient 
for  several  ships'  berths,  with  recep- 
tion sheds  at  proper  distances  from 
same  in  order  that  modern  machinery 
may  be  utilized  for  handling  freight 
economically.  Simultaneously  with  this 
operation  the  wharfage  channel  will 
be  extended  at  a  lesser  depth  farther 
inshore  to  a  point  where  a  bulkhead 
line  has  been  established,  and  an  in- 
terior basin  has  been  located. 

The  pumped  material  from  this  ap- 
proach channel  may  be  further  util- 
ized to  create  a  bank  upon  which  will 
be  located  a  roadway  and  railroad  ap- 
proach track  outshore  to  the  first  ship 
wharfage  platform  and  shed.  In  con- 
nection with  the  dredging  at  the  in- 
ner end  of  the  wharfage  channel,  the 
pumped  product  from  this  widened 
turning  basin  will  be  conveyed  inshore 
from  the  bulkhead,  thus  creating  a 
large  area  outshore  from  the  present 
shore  proper. 

Area  to  Be  Available 
For    New    Industries 

This  area  will  be  immediately  avail- 
able for  the  location  of  new  industries 
needing  large  areas,  whereby  direct 
rail  connection  may  be  had,  together 
with  wharfage  facilities  requiring  a 
lesser  depth,  and  the  possibility  for 
barge  transmission.  After  the  first  in- 
stallation as  outlined,  the  work  may  be 
progressively  carried  on  by  widening 
and  extending  the  channel  at  the  outer 
and  further  inshore  thus  creating  an 
extended  face  of  the  wharfage  plat- 
form, and  in  addition  widening  the 
filled-in  end  for  the  further  extension 
of  the  wharf  sheds,  the  erection  of 
warehouses,  and  other  buildings. 

In  this  operation  the  already  filled- 
in  portion  pumped  for  the  purpose  of 
making  the  first  channel  and  the  cre- 
ation of  a  roadway,  becomes  a  part 
of  the  permanent  fill  and  will  disap- 
pear as  an  approach.  The  same  opera- 
tion will  be  followed  at  the  inner  end, 
extending  the  wharf  face  further  out- 
shore and  by  widening  and  deepening 
the  channel,  thus  create  more  filled-in 
land  between  the  bulkhead  and  the 
shore  line,  and  also  widen  the  filled 
area  adjacent  to  the  wharf  face. 

It  is  on  account  of  the  necessity 
for  large  filled-in  areas  for  develop- 
ment that  the  plan  has  been  adopted 
in  the  way  it  has,  namely,  the  crea- 
tion of  the  long  wharfage  face  of  up- 
wards of  two  miles  on  each  side  of 
the  first  unit  with  a  distance  of  three 
thousand  feet  between  them,  flanked 
by  three  thousand  feet  of  waterway 
on  each  side  of  the  wharfage  face.  Pri- 
marily these  wide  channels  are  neees- 


March    1920 


185 


PACIFIC  COAST  TERMINAL   AS    IT  WOULD   APPEAR   WHEN   COMPLETED 


sary  for  the  creation  of  the  necessary 
till  but  they  will  become  of  immense 
advantage  in  the  future  should  the 
need  for  wharf  space  become  very 
acute,  then  these  wide  waterways  may 
be  utilized  in  the  building  of  piers. 
Free  Port  Opportunity 
Now     Presented     Here 

There  has  been  under  discussion  for 
a  long  time  by  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment some  sort  of  free  port  policy 
and  at  the  present  time  several  bills 
are  pending  in  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives and  much  investigating  has 
been  done  by  a  commission  appointed 
for  the  purpose.  Some  opposition  has 
been  created  in  the  past  on  account 
of  the  wording,  namely,  in  coupling 
the  words  free  port  with  the  words 
free  trade. 

Inasmuch  as  under  the  conditions  of 
all  the  bills  which  have  been  proposed 
there  is  no  infringement  upon  the 
theory  of  protection,  therefore  in  all 
present  bills  under  consideration  the 
term  "Free  Port"  has  been  omitted 
and  the  words  "Foreign  Trade  Zone" 
in  ports  of  entry  of  the  United  States 
have  been  substituted.  Recent  develop- 
ments tend  to  show  that  public  opinion 
is  rapidly  accepting  this  principle  and 
it  is  fair  to  presume  that  some  bill 
will  soon  be  adopted  by  Congress  so 
that  the  Foreign  Trade  Zone  may  be- 
come a  reality  in  this  country.  In 
which  case  this  location  offers  every 
advantage. 

Every  encoui-agement  in  the  way 
of  rail  facilities  and  direct  unloading 
devices  should  be  provided  to  encour- 
age the  direct  handling  of  commodi- 
ties between  rails  and  ships.  For  in- 


terior movements  between  wharf  sheds 
and  storage  buildings,  or  for  move- 
ments within  either,  two  types  of  ma- 
chinery should  be  used :  1st.  Load 
carrying  storage  battery  trucks  for 
the  shorter  movements,  and  2nd:  Stor- 
age battery  tractors  and  trailers  for 
the  longer  movements.  Conveyors  and 
tiering  machinery  should  also  be  pro- 
vided. 

Ample  Railroad  Tracks 
Included    in    the    Plan 

Ample  railroad  tracks  are  shown  and 
each  warehouse,  each  factory  and  each 
of  the  public  service  buildings  has  a 
direct  rail  approach.  At  an  exterior 
portion  of  the  quay  ferry  facilities  are 
provided  for  railroad  ear  floats,  as 
well  as  for  passenger  and  vehicular 
service. 

On  the  southerly  side  of  the  out- 
shore  end  is  indicated  a  coaling  sta- 
tion either  for  bunkering  ships  or  for 
loading  cargo  coal  and  in  this  loca- 
tion storage  will  be  provided  for  oil 
which  may  be  led  through  pipes  along 
both  faces  of  the  quay  so  that  ships 
may  be  supplied  with  oil  while  they 
are  loading  other  commodities. 

Grain  elevators  are  shown  on  the 
north  and  south  quays  with  certain 
separate  yards  for  the  direct  loading 
of  grain  into  vessels  and  from  these 
grain  elevators  conveyors  may  be 
planned  to  run  along  the  face  of  the 
pier  sheds  above  the  roof  where  de- 
sirable, so  that  ships  may  be  loaded 
with  grain  at  any  point  along  the 
commercial  quay  front. 

An  area  is  reserved  for  the  handling 
of  lumber  which  may  come  in  by  rail 
from  the  interior  and  may  he  loaded 


directly  out  of  cars  into  ships  or  may 
be  stored  temporarily  and  then  loaded 
into  ships.  For  this  purpose  heavy 
gantry  cranes  are  planned  serving  the 
lumber  area. 

An  area  on  the  inshore  end  of  the 
quay  is  indicated  to  be  available  for 
heavy  manufacturing  or  for  plants 
needing  acreage,  this  area  being  ex- 
ceedingly valuable  for  such  purpose, 
having  the  rail,  track  and  water  con- 
nections. 

Rail    Yard    Facilities 
Also  Will  Be  Ample 

In  any  such  plan  as  contemplated 
it  is  necessary  to  have  ample  railroad 
yard  facilities.  Such  a  yard  is  shown 
near  the  shore  end  of  the  quay  and 
all  cars  coming  to  the  various  portions 
of  the  quay  must  first  pass  through 
this  yard.  Trains  can  he  brought  in 
from  the  East,  classified  and  routed 
for  the  various  industries  and  storage 
buildings,  or  to  shipping,  and  pro- 
vision would  be  made  also  for  the 
classification  of  particular  commodi- 
ties coming  in  mixed  cars,  of  th~e 
freight  originating  at  the  terminal 
either  from  ships,  the  warehouses,  or 
from  factories.  Freight  coming  to  the 
yard,  would  there  be  classified  in  so 
far  as  possible,  into  car  lots  and 
broken  up  into  trains  or  various  rail- 
roads. Another  holding  yard  for  the 
car  float  service  is  located  at  the  outer 
end. 

Arrangements  should  be  made 
whereby  the  railroads  would  deliver 
trains  into  certain  tracks  in  this  yard, 
but  the  operation  of  trains  from  the 
yard  to  the  terminal  facilities  should 


186 


Pan    Pacific 


be  conducted  as  a  joint  operation  un- 
der a  single  control.  An  allowance 
should  be  made  by  the  through  car- 
riers to  the  terminal  operating  com- 
pany for  the  sorting  and  terminal  serv- 
ice it  would  perform  at  the  terminal 
side  of  the  yard. 

Trolley  lines  which  merge  here  from 
Oakland,  Emeryville,  Berkeley  and 
Albany  are  carried  to  and  through  the 
quay  to  the  ferry  terminal  at  the 
south-westerly  end  of  the  quay. 
All  Modern  Equipment 
For      Handling      Freight 

The  storage  buildings  should  be 
equipped  on  the  north  and  south  sides 
with  brackets  for  whip  hoists  which 
could  take  commodities  out  of  the 
upper  stories  of  the  warehouses,  lower 
them  to  platforms  along  which  either 
railroad  tracks  run,  or  trucking  ways 
exist. 

Spiral  chutes  should  be  provided  in 
the  warehouses  at  convenient  points 
for  the  lowering  of  cargo  that  can  be 
handled  by  this  method,  and  within 
the  storage  buildings  elevators  should 
be  provided  with  cage  designed  to- 
hold  two  trailers. 

For  the  movement  of  commodities 
between  warehouses  and  factories,  or 
ships  and  factories,  or  to  the  vari- 
ous service  buildings,  stores,  etc.,  a 
system  of  motor  trucks  should  be  in- 
stalled, a  portion  of  standard  make, 
but  a  number  with  detachable  bodies 
so  that  the  bodies  can  be  delivered  at 
certain  points  loaded  with  packages 
for  certain  destinations  and  then 
placed  on  the  chassis  of  motor  trucks 
and  the  packages  transported  as  a 
unit.  This  system  of  motor  transpor- 
tation with  removable  bodies  can  be 
extended  when  shippers  are  educated 
to  the  point  to  through-over-seas  busi- 
ness, and  a  motor  truck  body  can  be 
loaded  at  Berkeley,  transported  to 
ship's  side,  put  into  ship,  transported 
to  Hong  Kong  and  from  the  ship  at 
Hong  Kong  delivered  directly  to  the 
consignee  without  any  breaking  of 
bulk  and  when  a  general  system  has 
been  employed  these  containers  may 
be  utilized  in  the  return  trip. 


MAP   SHOWING  STRATEGIC    LOCATION   OF   PROPOSED   TERMINAL 

The  wharf  shed  is  about  100  feet  in  ships.  These  sheds  have  sufficient  ca- 
width  and  two  stories  in  height,  so  parity  *to  accumulate  the  necessary 
designed  that  the  ground  level  would     proportion  0f  the  cargo  in  advance  of 


be   used   for  commodities   passing   be- 
tween drays,  railroad  cars  and  ships, 


the  arrival  of  the  ship,  leaving  suf- 
anr'toruVpe"r"flo7r"for""commodit[es  ncient  space  for  receiving  the  incom- 
passing   between   the   warehouses   and     ing  cargo  discharged  from  the  ship. 


AMERICAN  MANUFACTURERS  ORGANIZE  FOR  RUSSIAN  TRADE 


"l^TlTH  a  view  to  crystalizing  senti- 
■  "  ment  in  favor  of  an  imemdiate 
resumption  of  trade  relations  with  Rus- 
sia a  group  of  American  business  men 
have  formed  the  American  Commercial 
Association  for  the  Promotion  of  Trade 
with  Russia. 

About  thirty  exporters  and  importers 
from  various  parts  of  the  United  States 
representing  companies  with  a  com- 
bined capital  of  several  hundred  mil- 
lion dollars,  recently  effected  the  or- 
ganization at  a  meeting  in  Washing- 
ton. 


Included  among  the  number  were  the 
packing  house  of  Morris  &  Co.,  the 
Borden  Condensed  Milk  Co.,  Rahn  Lar- 
mon  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  machine 
tools,  Fischman  &  Co.,  exporters,  and 
the  Columbia  Freight  Forwarding  Co. 

A  committee  was  appointed  to  wait 
upon  the  State  Department  to  urge  the 
lifting  of  all  restrictions  upon  trade 
relations.  Failing  in  obtaining  such 
action  it  was  declared  that  mandamus 
proceedings  would  be  instituted  to  com- 
pel the  Government  to  grant  export 
licenses. 


E.  P.  Jennings,  president  of  the  Le- 
high Machine  Co.,  was  elected  tempor- 
ary chairman  of  the  organization,  while 
E.  E.  Pratt,  of  New  York,  former  chief 
of  the  Bureau  of  Foreign  and  Domes- 
tic Commerce,  was  made  secretary  and 
treasurer. 

Resolutions  were  adopted  calling 
upon  the  State  Department  to  permit 
the  opening  of  trade  relations  with 
Russia  and  pointing  out  that  England 
and  other  countries  are  trading  with 
Russia  and  getting  business  which 
might  otherwise  go  to  American  man- 
ufacturers and  exporters. 


— «WM 


March    1920 


187 


National  Foreign  Trade  Convention 
To  Discuss  Pacific  Problems-says  c.  p.  converse 


ONE  of  the  most  important  prob- 
lems today  confronting  American 
commerce  and  trade  with  relation  to 
foreign  countries  is  that  which  arises 
by  reason  of  the  fact  that  this  coun- 
try has  become,  as  a  result  of  the  war, 
the  creditor  nation  of  the  world.  The 
economic  situation  arising  through  this 
trade  balance  in  favor  of  this  coun- 
try will  be  one  of  the  principal  prob- 
lems discussed  at  the  meeting  in  San 
Francisco,  May  12  to  15  of  the  sev- 
enth annual  foreign  trade  convention 
of  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Coun- 
cil. 

A  survey  of  foreign  markets  with 
special  consideration  to  the  particular 
American  products  for  specific  for- 
eign markets  will  be  another  subject 
for   detailed   consideration. 

American  manufacturers  are  par- 
ticularly interested  in  the  further  sub- 
ject that  the  convention  will  give  at- 
tention to,  the  survey  of  domestic 
production  with  the  idea  of  seeing 
what  American  lines  are  capable  of 
being  developed  for  foreign  sale. 
Chambers  of  Commerce 
In    Wide    Co-operation 

The  National  Foreign  Trade  Council 
at  its  recent  meeting  in  New  York  ap- 
proved plans  for  enlisting  special  co- 
operation of  Chambers  of  Commerce 
throughout  this  country  situated  in 
production  centers  interested  in  for- 
eign trade. 

The  importance  of  the  Pacific  over- 
seas commerce  as  a  means  of  stabiliz- 
ing the  foreign  trade  of  the  United 
States  has  been  emphasized  in  invita- 
tions to  twenty-seven  consuls  repre- 
senting the  nations  and  the  dependen- 
cies of  nations  having  overseas  com- 
merce   on    the    Pacific    Ocean. 

In  each  case  the  consuls  at  San 
Francisco  of  the  twenty-seven  foreign 
governments  were  requested  to  ask 
their  governments  to  select  ten  busi- 
ness men  to  represent  their  nations 
and  their  trade  at  the  convention.  It 
has  been  a  policy  defined  by  the  Pa- 
cific Coast  committee  that  only  na- 
tions bordering  the  Pacific  participate 
in  the  seventh  annual  convention. 

Headquarters  of  the  Seventh  Na- 
tional Foreign  Trade  Convention  in 
San  Francisco  have  letters  of  en- 
dorsement from  Secretary  of  State 
Robert  Lansing  and  the  former  Sec- 
retary of  Commerce,  William  C.  Red- 
field,  in  which  both  cabinet  members 
pledge  the  co-operation  of  their  de- 
partments to  make  the  coining  conven- 
tion a  success.  The  importance  of  in- 
teresting foreign  busines  men,  particu- 


DAWN 

of 

PAN  PACIFIC 

May  12-15 
1920 


larly  on  the  Pacific,  in  the  problems 
of  America's  foreign  trade,  is  em- 
phasized in  both  letters. 

Secretary  of  State 
To  Aid  Convention 

Secretary  Lansing  says  in  part: 
'•This  department  already  lent  its  aid 
and  the  aid  of  its  agents  abroad  in 
this  convention  and  will  be  pleased  to 
further  the  interests  of  the  convention 
in  any  way  which  lies  within  its 
power." 

"Speaking  of  the  value  of  the  at- 
tendance of  foreign  businessmen,"  the 
former  Secretary  of  Commerce  said, 
"their  first  hand  experience  in  the 
foreign  field  will  be  a  source  of  en- 
lightenment and  encouragement  to  our 
merchants  and  manufacturers  at  home. 


Convention  Big  Boon 

By  JOHN  H.  EOSSETEE, 

Former   Director   of   Operations   U.   S. 

Shipping  Board 


AS  everyone  engaged  in  the  ship- 
ping business  knows,  the  foreign 
trade  of  the  United  States  has  grown 
enormously  under  war-time  conditions, 
and  it  is  highly  desirable  to  keep  the 
volume  intact.  However,  there  is  now 
a  different  trend  of  affairs  at  hand, 
since  the  nations  of  the  world  are  be- 
coming engaged  in  competition  for 
commerce  under  peace-time  conditions, 
and  it  is  essential  that  a  thorough  re- 
view and  study  of  the  situation  be 
made.  The  foreign  trade  convention 
will  afford  a  great  opportunity  for  such 
study. 


The  Department  of  Commerce  will  be 
glad  to  welcome  these  visitors  and  to 
extend  to  them  all  facilities  possible." 
In  order  that  accommodations  may 
be  asured  delegates  from  Oriental 
countries  desiring  to  attend  the  con- 
vention representatives  of  the  leading 
steamship  companies  in  the  passenger 
trade  of  the  Pacific  have  pledged  them- 
selves to  co-operate  in  every  way  to 
insure  accommodations  for  delegates. 
The   steamship    company   people   have 


voluntered  to  send  word  to  their 
agents  in  the  Orient  and  Straits  Set- 
tlements that  delegates  be  given  pref- 
erence on  ships  and  would  bring  them 
here  in  time  for  the  convention.  In- 
structions to  that  effect  have  gone 
forth  to  their  representatives  in  the 
Orient. 

San      Francisco      Hotels 
Pledge     Accommodations 

Leading  hotel  men  of  San  Francisco 
have  pledged  fifteen  hundred  rooms 
at  the  best  San  Francisco  hotels  to 
accommodate  the  delegates.  The  rep- 
resentatives of  the  principal  hotels 
guaranteed  to  increase  the  number  of 
rooms  if  necessary. 

Committees  are  perfecting  details 
to  handle  the  convention.  As  part  of 
the  work  of  the  hotel  committee  in- 
coming delegates  will  be  met  on  trains 
and  given  cards  with  the  number  of 
their  rooms  so  that  they  may  be  saved 
the  bother  of  waiting  in  line  at  the 
hotel  desks. 

Many  prominent  citizens  who  have 
permanent  quarters  at  the  leading  ho- 
tels have  signified  their  willingness  to 
surrender  their  apartments  for  the 
use  of  visiting  delegates. 

Representing  in  its  membership  ap- 
proximately three-fourths  of  the  in- 
vested capital  of  America,  the  decision 
to  hold  the  seventh  convention  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  indicates  the  importance 
with  which  trade  development  through 
Pacific  Coast  ports  is  regarded  in  the 
big  industrial  centers  of  America. 
To  Be  Representative 
Of     the     Entire     Coast 

While  the  convention  will  be  held 
at  San  Francisco  it  is  the  declared 
policy  of  the  council  and  the  Pacific 
Coast  committee,  which  has  been 
named  to  have  charge  of  arrange- 
ments, to  make  the  convention  repre- 
sentative of  the  entire  Pacific  Coast. 
San  Francisco  will  act  as  host  but 
the  principal  cities  of  the  coast  will 
co-operate  with  San  Francisco,  in 
adequately  presenting  to  the  visiting 
delegates  from  this  country  and  lead- 
ing business  men  of  the  Far  East 
and  the  west  coast  of  Latin  America, 
foreign  trade  problems  as  they  affect 
the  Pacific. 

Other  cities  co-operating  to  make 
the  forthcoming  convention  a  success 
are  Los  Angeles,  San  Diego,  Oakland, 
and  Sacramento,  California;  Portland 
and  Astoria,  Oregon;  Seatle,  Tacoma 
and   Bellingham,   in  Washington. 

James  A.  Farrell,  president  of  the 
United  States  Steel  Corporation,  is 
chairman  of  the  National  Foreign 
Trade   Council;   R.   H.   Patchin,   man- 


188 


Pan     Pacific 


ager  of  the  Foreign  Trade  Department 
of  W.  R.  Grace  and  Company,  of  New 
York  City,  is  treasurer  and  0.  K. 
Davis  of  1  Hanover  Square,  New  York 
City,  is  secretary.  The  council  em- 
braces seventy-five  men  who  were  or- 
ganized from  the  leading  industrial, 
commercial  and  financial  factors  of 
America. 

Among  the  men  who  give  their  time 
and  thought  to  the  problem  of  for- 
eign trade  in  the  council  are  Prank  A. 
Vanderlip,  former  president  of  the 
National  City  Bank,  of  New  York 
City :  Louis  W.  Hill,  chairman  of  the 


Means  Much  to  Japan 

By  H.  K.  WATANBE, 
Japanese   Chamber  of  Commerce 


NOT  only  have  I  been  much  inter- 
ested personally  in  the  coming  of 
the  National  Foreign  Trade  Convention 
to  this  city,  but  as  secretary  of  the 
Japanese  Chamber  of  Commerce  I  am 
actively  interested  in  anything  that 
will  create  a  better  understanding  of 
commercial  affairs  in  general  and  par- 
ticularly between  the  United  States 
and  Japan.  There  are  no  people  more 
earnestly  interested  in  the  development 
of  international  trade  than  the  Japa- 
nese, for  they  believe  that  trade  inter- 
course between  the  nations  of  the 
world  serves  as  a  medium  of  better- 
ment for  all  concerned.  Trade  between 
the  United  States  and  Japan  has  in- 
creased five  times  in  volume  within  the 
last  five  years,  and  Japan's  imports 
from  this  country  now  exceed  its  ex- 
ports to  this  country. 


Great  Northern  Railway,  of  St.  Paul; 
Samuel  P.  Colt,  president  of  the  United 
States  Rubber  Company  of  New  York 
City;  Frederick  J.  Koster,  president 
of  the  California  Barrel  Company,  of 
San  Francisco;  Cyrus  H.  MeCormick, 
president  of  the  International  Har- 
vester Company,  of  Chicago;  Alba  B. 
Johnson,  president  of  the  Baldwin  Lo- 
comotive Works,  Philadelphia ;  Willis 
II.  Booth,  formerly  of  Los  Angeles, 
California,  and  now  vice-president  of 
the  Guaranty  Trust  Company,  of  New 
York  City  and  P.  A.  S.  "  Franklin, 
president  of  the  International  Mercan- 
tile Marine,  of  New  York.  The  other 
members  of  the  committee  are  all  of 
equal  importance  in  their  respective 
fields. 

Committee    of    Three 
In      Charge      of      Plans 

The  committee  that  will  have  charge 
for  the  Pacific  Coast  of  the  conven- 
tion is  composed  of  Frederick  J.  Kos- 
ter, chairman,  Robert  Dollar  and  J.  K. 
Armsby,  president  of  the  California 
Packing  Corporation,  all  of  San  Fran- 
cisco. C.  P.  Converse,  manager  of  the 
foreign  trade  department  of  the  San 
Francisco  Chamber  of  Commerce,  is 
secretary  of  the  Pacific  Coast  Commit- 
tee in  charge  of  arrangements. 

At  the  sixth  convention  in  Chicago 
there  was  an  attendance  of  2,000,  the 


IN  May  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Council,  rep- 
resenting TWO-THIRDS  of  the  invested 
WEALTH  of  the  United  States,  will  sit  in  the  Civic 
Auditorium  in  San  Francisco.  For  the  first  time 
their  deliberations  will  be  open  to  foreign  delegates 
and  twenty-seven  governments,  representing  all  the 
nationalities  touching  the  Pacific  Ocean  and  com- 
prising MORE  THAN  HALF  THE  HUMAN 
RACE,  have  been  invited  to  participate.  It  will  be 
the  first  PAN-PACIFIC  convention.— S.  F.  Bul- 
letin, February  7. 


largest  delegation  coming  from  New 
York  and  the  second  largest  from  San 
Francisco.  With  the  co-operation  of 
the  industrial  interests  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  backing  the  convention,  it  is  ex- 
pected that  the  forthcoming  conven- 
tion will  be  the  most  significant  in 
point  of  influence  and  attendance  in 
the  history  of  the  council. 

The  general  policy  of  the  National 
Council  is  "Greater  Prosperity 
Through  Greater  Foreign  Trade."  The 
motto  for  the  convention  will  be  "Our 
Western  Front  of  Commerce." 

These  conventions  usually  consist  of 
four  general  sessions  at  which  papers 
treating  leading  phases  of  foreign 
trade  are  read  by  leaders  in  their  re- 
spective fields.  There  are  also  groiip 
sessions  held  where  specific  problems 
are  considered  by  experts.  No  resolu- 
tions are  adopted  by  the  convention 
but  a  "final  declaration"  is  prepared 
embodying  briefly  the  views  of  the 
delegates. 

Government   Departments 
Will  Send  Their  Experts 

After  the  convention,  committees 
are  formed  to  carry  out  the  various 
recommendations  made.  In  past  years 
the  Foreign  Trade  Council  has  been 
successful  in  procuring  much  needed 
relief  in  conducting  America's  foreign 
commerce. 

Departments  of  the  Government  in- 
terested in  foreign  trade  and  com- 
merce have  their  leading  experts  in 
attendance  to  give  advice  and  as- 
sistance to  delegates. 

There  will  be  special  train  accom- 
modations for  the  American  delegates. 
One  will  go  down  the  South  Atlantic 
coast  through  New  Orleans  and  the 
southern  route,  thence  via  Los  An- 
geles to  San  Francisco.  Another  will 
come  via  the  Middle  West,  passing 
through  Sfc  Louis  and  Salt  Lake  City 
to  San  Francisco.  A  third  will  come 
via  the  northern  route  through  Chi- 
cago, St.  Paul,  Minneapolis,  Seatle  and 
Portland.  All  of  these  special  ex- 
cursion trains  will  stop  at  all  of  the 
larger  cities  to  visit  local  business  men 
and  pick  up  delegates,  Arrangements 


will  be  made  so  that  delegates  can 
come  via  one  route  and  return  via 
another. 

The  Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Com- 
pany will  run  three  steamers  for  the 
use  of  delegates  from  widely  different 
points  of  the  globe.  One  will  leave 
Calcutta,  India,  about  March  11,  touch- 
ing at  Colombo,  Ceylon,  about  March 
20,  at  Singapore,  Straits  Settlements, 
March  29,  at  Saigon,  in  French  Indo 
China,  April  4,  at  Manila,  April  9, 
reaching  San  Francisco  May.  4.  An- 
other will  leave  Hongkong  about 
March  24,  touching  at  Shanghai,  about 
March  27,  Kobe  March  30,  Yokohama 
April  2,  Honolulu,  April  14,  arriving 
at  San  Francisco  April  22.  Another 
will  leave  Balboa,  Panama,  April  7, 
stopping  at  Puntarenas,  Costa  Rica, 
April  10,  San  Juan  del  Sur,  Nicaragua, 
April    11,    Corinto,    Nicaragua,    April 


Important  For   China 

By   CHAO-HSIN   CHU, 

Consul-General  of  the  Republic  of 

China  at  San  Francisco 


I  FEEL  that  the  National  Foreign 
Trade  Convention  ■will  he  a  very 
important  gathering  as  to  the  trade  re- 
lations between  the  United  States  and 
China,  and  I  have  therefore  made  three 
separate  reports  to  my  government 
that  our  Chinese  merchants  be  well 
represented.  There  is  a  great  oppor- 
tunity for  my  country  to  enter  into 
larger  and  closer  business  relations 
with  the  United  States;  the  situation 
of  the  two  countries,  the  economic  con- 
ditions in  China,  and  the  disturbance 
of  former  trade  relations  following  the 
war,  all  tend  to  bring  together  under- 
standing^ the  merchants  of  the  sister 
republics  on  both  sides  of  the  Pacific. 


12,  Amapala,  Honduras,  April  13,  La 
Union,  Salvador,  April  14,  La  Liber- 
tad,  Salvador,  April  15,  Acajutla,  Sal- 
vador April  17,  San  Jose,  Guatemala, 
April  19,  Champerico,  Guatemala, 
April  21,  Manzanillo,  Mexico,  April 
25,  Mazatlan,  Mexico,  April  27  and  ar- 
rive San  Francisco,  May  3. 


March    1920 


189 


The  Scouts  Have  Helped  Make  Philippines 
A  Great  Trading  Nation-Declares  d.  k.  Grady 


THE  Philippine  Islands,  America's 
frontier  on  the  Pacific,  is  ship- 
ping annually  to  the  United  States 
millions  of  dollars  worth  of  raw  ma- 
terials and  consuming  more  millions 
worth  of  our  manufactures.  Within 
twenty  years  the  archipelago  has  been 
converted  from  a  liability  to  an  asset. 

The  millions  this  government  spent 
in  developing  the  islands  and  putting 
them  on  a  self-supporting  basis  rep- 
resent one  of  the  wisest  investments 
ever  made  by  any  government.  Not 
only  are  the  islands  repaying  their 
financial  debt  with  interest  but  their 
population  comprises  upwards  of  eight 
millions  loyal  America-loving  natives. 

While  most  of  the  world  seems 
tainted  with  radicalism  and  so-called 
bolshevism,  the  policy  of  our  govern- 
ment in  the  Philippines  has  resulted 
in  a  degree  of  social  and  political 
cleanliness  which  is  rare  to  find.  While 
the  leading  students  and  politicians 
of  our  trans-Pacific  ward  are  eager 
for  complete  independence,  there  is 
never  a  breath  of  sedition  or  revolt. 
They  are  content  to  prove  by  behavior 
and  industry  that  they  are  capable  of 
self-rule,  and  to  await  with  full  confi- 
dence in  the  fair-mindness  and  justice 
of  America,  the  day  when  they  will 
become  a  republic  in  their  own  right. 
Due  to  American  Ideals 
Of       Military       Leaders 

It  has  been  due  to  the  expression 
of  American  ideals  by  our  military 
leaders  in  the  Philippines  that  such 
healthy  conditions  exist  in  the  islands 


today.  The  policy  of  permitting  the 
natives  to  participate  in  the  policing 
of  their  own  country  as  soon  as  they 
demonstrated  ability  to  do  so  has  not 
only  resulted  in  winning  the  confi- 
dence of  the  population  but  it  has  also 
built  up  what  is  today  considered  the 
best  colonial  military  organization  in 
the  world.  The  Philippine  Scouts,  of- 
ficered  by   regulars   of   the   American 


FIELD   ARTILLERY   IN   ACTION 

army,  and  fitted  out  with  the  stan- 
dard equipment  of  our  own  "dough- 
boys" are  as  well  disciplined  and  as 
capable  as  any  division  of  the  Ameri- 
can   army. 

The  history  of  the  Scouts  is  roman- 
tic. They  have,  in  the  two  short  de- 
cades of  their  existence  won  many 
laurels  and  have  traditions  which 
would  inspire  any  military  organiza- 
tion to  better  achievement.  During  the 
Great  War  when  our  regulars  were 
in  demand  in  France  and  Siberia  and 


could  not  be  spared  to  the  Philippines, 
the  Scouts  formed  the  nucleus  for  a 
great  army  of  Philippine  volunteers. 
Practically  unaided  they  policed  the 
islands,  and  their  very  presence  was 
a  guarantee  to  the  Government  that 
all  was  well  in  the  archipelago. 

Not  only  were  the  islands  peaceful 
but  their  population  was  patriotic. 
Every  Liberty  Loan  drive,  every  Red 
Cross  campaign  was  over-subscribed. 
We  expected  nothing  from  the  islands 
but  they  were  active  as  any  State. 
Schools  Have  Helped 
In    the    Development 

While  our  schools  and  our  civil  ad- 
ministration have  contributed  worthily 
to  the  development  of  the  islands,  the 
bulk  of  the  credit  must  go  to  the 
military.  In  the  larger  cities  one  sees 
American  soldiers,  but  in  the  provinces, 
in  the  hill  country  and  in  the  jungle, 
the  Scouts  are  the  real  guarantee  to 
the  peace  loving  and  industrious  that 
they  are  safe  from  depredation. 

In  Mindanao,  the  home  of  the  head- 
hunting Mors,  the  Scouts  by  constant 
vigil  and  effort  have  been  successful  in 
stamping  out  outlawry  to  such  an  ex- 
tent that  while  men  venture  far  afield 
to  farm  and  win  the  wilderness  over 
to  the  needs  of  expanding  civilization. 

But  constant  effort  does  not  describe 
the  heroic  work  of  Uncle  Sam's  native 
troops.  Unswerving  loyalty,  devotion 
rarely  ever  found  in  races  so  far  re- 
moved from  the  country  which  has 
adopted  them,  are  recorded  in  the  act- 
ual achievements  of  groups  of  Scouts 


PHILIPPINE  SCOUTS,  MOUNTED  SECTION  OF  HEADQUARTERS  COMPANY 


190 


Pan     Pacific 


engaged  in  hand-to-hand  conflict  with 
Moros  gone  "juramentado;"  natives 
crazed  with  a  bloodlust,  out  to  remove 
from  their  country  invading  foreign 
devils  who  would  enchain  them  with 
the  hated  bonds  of  civilization.  For 
three  centuries  Spain  attempted  to 
subdue  the  Moros  and  failed.  Within 
twenty  years  America,  aided  by  loyal 
Filipinos   has   succeded. 

Time  and  again  officers  in  command 
of  small  detachments  have  reported 
to    headquarters : 

"Juan  de  la  Cruz  and  Pedro  de  los 
Santos  in  a  hand-to-hand  skirmish 
with  a  band  of  outlaws  succeeded  in 
killing  three  and  capturing  two.  De  la 
Cruz  was  wounded  so  severely  as  to 
be  crippled  for  life." 

Sacrifice  of  Scouts 
Is  Told  In  Reports 
Another  report  will  tell  of  the  sac- 
rifice of  several  Scouts  to  save  the  life 
of  their  leaders.  Yet  another  recites 
the  heart-breaking  experiences  of  a 
band  of  native  troops  and  their  Ameri- 
can leaders  during  a  three  week's  ree- 
onnaisance  through  fever  laden 
swamps  infested  with  hostile  head- 
hunters. 

In  the  center  of  the  wild  Moro  coun- 
try in  the  region  of  Lake  Lanad  which 
had  long  been  a  source  of  worry  to 
our  military  commanders  a  small  de- 
tachment of  Scouts  under  the  leader- 
ship of  an  American  lieutenant  were 
detailed  to  root  out  a  particularly 
vicious  band  of  ladrones.  After  es- 
tablishing their  camp  which  was  com- 
pleted late  on  the  evening  of  the  first 
day,  sentries  were  posted  some  dis- 
tance in  the  jungles,  with  smoky 
torches  at  intervals  to  mark  their  line 
of  watch.  Shortly  after  the  relief  of 
the  midnight  watch,  dark  figures 
armed  with  razor-edged  bolos,  unseen 
by  the  lone  sentry,  commenced  to 
squirm  their  way  toward  the  outpost 
through  the  heavy  undergrowth  of 
the  jungle. 

Suddenly  without  warning  three  of 
the  head-hunters  sprang  upon  the  un- 
suspecting sentry,  brandishing  their 
cruel  knives.  The  suddenness  of  the  at- 
tack coupled  with  the  danger  of 
wounding  his  own  comrades  prevented 
the  Scout  from  firing  his  rifle  and  he 
was  forced  to  rely  on  his  bayonet  to 
repel  the  marauders. 

An  Unequal  Contest 
Fought  to  the  Death 
Then  began  a  wierd  and  unequal 
contest.  In  the  dull  light  of  the  torch 
bolos  flashed  and  steel  rang  against 
steel.  Fighting  for  his  life,  the  sentry 
gave  way  inch  by  inch.  The  sting  of 
repeated  slashing  of  the  bolos  of  his 
opponents  added  bitterness  to  his  re- 
sistance. Finally  in  a  desperate  man- 
euver he  evaded  two  of  the  ladrones. 
The  leader  thinking  the  Scout  was 
about  to  break  for  safety  sprang  for- 
ward, and  with  a  lightning  stroke  the 
sentry  impaled  him  on  the  bayonet. 


Then  began  the  death  struggle.  De- 
termined to  lay  his  opponent  low,  the 
infuriated  Moro  swung  wildly  with 
his  bolo,  almost  lopping  off  one  arm 
of  the  sentry.  At  the  same  moment 
the  Scout  pulled  the  trigger  of  his 
rifle  and  the  Moro  crumpled  to  the 
ground.  The  rifle  shot  frightened  the 
others  away,  and  also  attracted  to  the 
scene  the  Scout  officer  and  his  men. 
Lying  on  the  ground  they  found  the 
Moro  dead,  and  the  Scout,  slashed 
in  a  score  of  places,  unconscious  but 
tightly  gripping  his  rifle — the  symbol 
of  a  great  trust  unbetrayed. 

Episodes  such  as  this  are  rare  now, 
but  in  the  first  fifteen  years  of  Amer- 
ican occupation  they  were  common 
enough.  The  history  of  the  Scouts  re- 
veals episodes  the  romance  of  which 
would  add  luster  to  the  works  of  a 
Richard  Harding  Davis,  more  dra- 
matic even  than  the  hardest  battles 
of  the  European  war. 

The  growth  of  the  Scout  organiza- 
tion has  been  almost  phenomenal.  Im- 
mediately after  the  battle  of  Manila 
Bay  and  the  occupation  of  the  city  of 


A    CAUL   TO   ARMS 

Manila,  the  Americans  found  them- 
selves in  an  atmosphere  charged  with 
suspicion  and  hostility.  The  need  for 
competent  Scouts  was  pressing.  It  was 
then  that  the  Macabebes,  most  war- 
like of  the  tribes  of  Luzon,  volunteered 
to  help  America. 

Twenty-five  of  these  were  immedi- 
ately employed  by  the  Government  as 
civilian  Scouts.  They  were  equipped 
with  overalls  from  the  quartermaster 
corps  and  started  performing  the  du- 
ties which  are  now  taken  care  of  by 
ten  thousand  other  Filipinos. 

From  a  handful  of  natives,  clad  in 
overalls,  the  organization  has  grown 
by  leaps  and  bounds.  Just  a  few 
years  after  the  first  twenty-five  Maca- 
bebes had  volunteered,  the  Government 
made  them  a  regular  part  of  its  co- 
lonial army  of  occupation.  Now  in- 
stead of  overalls  they  wear  khaki  and 
olive  drab,  and  carry  the  same  equip- 
ment as  our  regulars. 

To  obtain  officers  for  the  Scouts  was 
another  problem  of  our  Government 
which  has  been  solved  with  gratifying 
success.  From  the  white  regiments 
sent  to  the  Philippines,  specially  merit- 


orious non-commissioned  officers  have 
been  given  an  opportunity  to  qualify 
as  officers  with  commissions  in  the 
Scouts.  These  men  have  developed  the 
organization.  To  them  is  credit  due 
for  the  remarkable  efficiency  of  the 
Philippine  Scouts  as  a  military  body. 

They  have  not  only  drilled  into  the 
recruits  the  military  knowledge  neces- 
sary but  they  have  taught  them  to 
understand  English  and  to  compre- 
hend and  espouse  American  ideals. 
They  are  taught  our  conception  of  the 
fundamentals  of  good  citizenship,  and 
as  they  return  to  civil  life  after  years 
of  soldiering  they  invariably  step  into 
influential  positions  in  their  commun- 
ities. Military  Pageant 
Carnival  Feature 
Every  year,  with  the  exception  of 
one  during  the  war,  a  carnival  is  held 
in  Manila.  The  feature  of  this  carni- 
val is  the  military  pageant.  Thousands 
of  Filipinos  from  all  parts  of  the 
islands  pour  into  the  capital  to  wit- 
ness the  spectacle.  And  here  they  are 
impressed  by  the  wonderful  achieve- 
ment of  their  fellow  countrymen  clad 
in  uniforms  of  Uncle  Sam's  soldiery. 
All  classes  of  Scouts  are  put 
through  their  paces,  from  the  "rooky" 
of  ten  months'  training  to  the  veteran 
of  the  Mindanao  campaigns  who  has 
won  every  award  to  which  he  is  elig- 
ible. Even  old  soldiers  of  our  regu- 
lar army  find  it  impossible  to  sup- 
press exclamations  of  surprise  as  they 
watch  the  Scouts  go  through  their 
drills. 

By  drilling  into  the  natives  the  value 
of  personal  and  community  sanitation, 
the  Scout  officers  have  succeeded  in  re- 
ducing disease  to  an  even  lower  level 
than  exists  among  many  regiments  of 
our  regular  army.  A  program  of  ath- 
letics is  rigidly  adhered  to,  and  suit- 
able rewards  are  given  to  those  who 
excell.  This  rule  applies  throughout 
the  organization.  The  troops  have 
been  taught  to  strive  to  their  utmost 
in  every  task  in  the  sure  knowledge 
that  they  will  be  rewarded  by  promo- 
tion for  application. 

Service  Made  Attractive 
For  Natives  of  Island 
The  service  has  been  made  attrac- 
tive for  the  natives  and  at  the  pres- 
ent time  no  difficulty  is  experienced  in 
securing  recruits  as  the  older  men 
retire  to  private  life. 

It  is  gratifying  to  know  also  that 
the  natives  who  have  benefited  by 
training  in  our  colonial  army  do  not 
revert  to  type.  They  never  slip  back 
into  the  old  conditions  of  insanitation 
and  personal  filth  from  which  they 
were  taken  to  carry  a  rifle.  Not  only 
this  but  they  exert  their  influence, 
which  is  by  no  means  small,  to  win 
their  own  communities  from  unhealthy 
conditions.  The  result  is  that  the 
Philippines  today  are  probably  one  of 
the  cleanest  and  most  healthful  of  the 
tropical   possessions   of  any   country. 


March    1920 


191 


This  photograph  was  taken  on  the  steps  of  the  TJ.  S.  Treasury  and  shows  former  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  Carter  Glass  in  the  center 
and  the  following  Latin-American  finance  ministers  from  left  to  right:  Senor  Don  Kicardo  Vecino  of  Uruguay,  Senor  Don  Fernando  C. 
Fuchs  of  Peru,  Senor  Dr.  Dimongo  Salaberry  of  Argentina,  Secretary  Glass,  Senor  Dr.  Eusabio  Ayala  of  Paraguay,  Senor  Dr.  Casia  of 
Nicaragua,  and   Senor  Dr.  M.  Fleury  Fequiere   of  Haiti. 


PAN  AMERICAN   CONGRESS  ADOPTS  RESOLUTIONS  FOR  EXPANSION 


'  |  1HE  Second  Pan-American  Finan- 
«•  cial  Conference  closed  in  Wash- 
ington January  23  with  the  adoption 
of  resolutions  containing  recommend- 
ations for  the  extension  of  trade  and 
financial  relations  between  the  United 
States  and   Latin  America. 

Among  proposals  was  the  study  of 
a  plan  to  give  financial  aid  to  Europe 
by  loans  from  the  United  States  to 
nations  of  Central  and  South  America, 
the  proceeds  to  be  used  to  pay  the 
debts  of  the  Latin  American  countiies 
to  Europe. 

Other  recommendations  included  the 
adoption  of  the  metric  system,  unifica- 
tion of  rates  and  taxation,  extension 
of  the  system  of  commercial  attaches, 
the  protection  of  trade  marks  and  copy- 
rights and  better  transportation,  pos- 
tal   and   telegraph   facilities. 

The  eighteen  recommendations  of 
the   committee  were   as  follows: 

1.  That  the  name  of  the  Interna- 
tional High  Commission  be  changed  to 
"The  Inter- American  High  Commis- 
sion." 

2.  That  the  report  of  the  Transpor- 
tation Committee,  recommending  in- 
creased freight  and  passenger  ocean 
service  to  South  America  be  trans- 
mitted to  the  United  States  Shipping 
Board  for  consideration  and  action; 
that  the  recommendation  dealing  with 
railroad  transportation,  postal  and  tel- 
egraph facilities  be  sent  to  the  Inter- 
American  High  Commission  for  action. 

3.  That  the  legislation  of  certain 
states  of  this  country  be  so  modified 
as  to  permit  operation  of  branches  of 
Latin  American  banks  within  their 
jurisdiction,  under  proper  regulation, 
so  as  to  secure  equality  of  treatment. 


4.  That  the  Inter-American  High 
Commission  study  possibility  of  secur- 
ing uniformity  and  equality  of  treat- 
ment in  laws  regulating  foreign  cor- 
porations in  Latin  America. 

5.  That  there  be  developed  increased 
use  of  acceptances  for  the  purpose  of 
financial  transaction  involving  import 
and  export  of  goods.  The  hope  is  ex- 
pressed that  the  United  States  will 
offer  a  widening  market  for  long  time 
Latin  American  securities. 

6.  That  the  Inter-American  High 
Commission  be  asked  to  further  the  es- 
tablishment of  an  international  gold 
fund,  which  plan  already  has  been 
adopted  by  several  South  American 
Republics. 

7.  That  the  Inter-American  High 
Commission  bring  to  the  notice  of  the 
American  Governments  the  desirability 
of  adopting  a  uniform  law  on  the  sub- 
jects  of  checks. 

8.  That  the  Inter-American  High 
Commission  be  asked  to  study  the  best 
method  of  avoiding  simultaneous  double 
taxation  of  individuals  and  corpora- 
tions in  Latin  American  countries. 

9.  That  the  American  countries 
which  have  not  done  so  ratify  the  con- 
vention adopted  by  the  International 
American  Congress  at  Buenos  Aires  in 
1910  for  establishment  of  an  Interna- 
tional Bureau  at  Havana  for  registra- 
tion of  trade  marks. 

10.  That  American  countries  which 
have  not  done  so  ratify  the  conven- 
tion adopted  at  Buenos  Aires  in  1910 
concerning  patents   and   copyrights. 

11.  That  the  Webb  law  be  amended 
to  permit  American  companies,  import- 
ing or  dealing  in  raw  materials  pro- 
duced abroad  to  form  under  proper  gov- 
ernment   regulations    organizations   en- 


abling such  companies  to  compete  on 
terms  of  equality  with  companies  of 
other  countries  associated  for  the  con- 
duct  of  such  business. 

12.  That  the  commercial  attache  sys- 
tem be  extended  with  appropriate  train- 
ing for  all  branches  of  the  foreign 
service  as  a  means  of  developing  com- 
mercial   relations. 

13.  That  a  simultaneous  census  be 
taken  by  all  American  countries  at 
least  every  ten  years,  observing  uni- 
formity  of   statistics. 

14.  That  the  metric  system  of 
weights  and  measures  be  universally 
employed  and  until  such  time  as  that 
be  done,  articles  marked  by  the  stan- 
dards used  in  the  United  States  also 
be  marked  according  to  the  metric 
system. 

15.  That  the  plan  of  arbitration  of 
commercial  disputes  in  ecect  between 
the  Bolsa  de  Commercio  of  Buenos 
Aires  and  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of 
the  United  States  be  adopted  by  all 
the  American  countries. 

16.  That  the  Inter-American  High 
Commission  be  asked  to  study  the  cre- 
ation of  an  Inter-American  Tribunal 
for  the  adjustment  of  questions  of  a 
commercial  or  financial  nature  involv- 
ing two  or  more  American  countries 
and  the  determination  of  such  ques- 
tions by  law  and  equity. 

17.  That  the  importation  of  raw  ma- 
terials into  any  country  shall  not  be 
prevented  by  prohibitive  duties. 

18.  That  the  banking  interests  of  the 
United  States  study  the  possibility  of 
financial  relief  to  Europe  by  repaying 
Latin  American  obligations  held  in 
Europe  by  means  of  new  loans  granted 
in  the  United  States  to  the  respective 
Latin    American   countries. 


192 


Pan     Pacific 


The  Great  Opportunity  and  the 


DAWN  OF 

PAN  PACIFIC 

MAY  12-15 

1920 


IN  May  next  a  lot  of 
men  will  assemble  in 
San  Francisco.  They 
will  have  come  from 
every  State  in  the 
Union  and  from  over- 
seas. There  may  he 
two  thousand  of  them 
and  there  may  be  three. 
They  will  come  quietly, 
they  will  deliberate 
quietly  and  they  will 
depart  quietly.  But  be- 
tween the  coming  and 
the  going  unusual  prob- 
lems of  commerce  will 
have  been  discussed  and  a  potential  peace  policy  for  inter- 
national trade  will  have  been  decided  upon. 

Their  assembly  will  constitute  the  most  important  busi- 
ness congress  in  the  history  of  the  world.  Though  not  so 
named  it  will  be,  in  effect,  a  mighty  Pan  Pacific  convention. 
While  the  preponderance  of  those  in  attendance  will  be 
from  the  United  States,  delegates  have  been  invited  and 
are  expected  from  twenty-seven  nationalities  and  races 
bordering  the  great  Pacific  and  comprising  more  than  half 
of  humankind.  Problems  of  the  Pacific  will  lead  all  prob- 
lems in  open  and  group  discussion.  The  event  will  be 
epochal.  It  will  mark  the  dawn  of  a  wonderful  Pan  Pacific 
era. 

Though  San  Francisco  will  play  the  host  to  the  Seventh 
National  Foreign  Trade  Convention,  it  will  belong  to  ALL 
the  Pacific  Coast.  It  will  be  the  first  gathering  of  the  kind 
west  of  the  Mississippi;  the  first  on  the  shores  of  the  Pa- 
cific; the  first  since  actual  declaration  of  Peace.  In  honor- 
ing San  Francisco  the  National  Foreign  Trade  Council,  un- 
der whose  direction  and  auspices  the  convention  takes 
place,  honors  the  western  edge  of  America  and  for  the 
first  time  accords  recognition  to  the  growing  demands  and 
looming  possibilities  of  the  Pacific. 

Preceding  and  following  the  convention  dates  of  May 
12  to  15  inclusive,  group  visits  are  planned  to  other  ports 
of  the  Pacific,  when  big  business  men  of  Eastern  and  mid- 
dle western  cities,  who  will  be  in  attendance,  for  the  first 
time  will  be  collectively  schooled  in  the  possibilities,  equip- 
ment and  requirements  of  the  splendid  water  gates  on  this 
side  of  the  continent.  They  will  be  shown  the  advantages 
of  shipping  direct  to  Pacific  destinations  via  Pacific  ports 
and  they  will  be  afforded  every  encouragement  in  learning 
the  compelling  truths  of  Asiatic,  Oceanic  and  Latin  Amer- 
ican trade  opportunities. 

Among  visitors  will  be  chiefs  of  great  industrial  cor- 
porations, directors  of  transportation  systems  on  land  and 
sea,  bankers  and  financiers,  capitalists  and  merchants.  The 
claim  is  made  for  them  that  convention  delegates  will  rep- 


resent one-third  of  all  invested  capital  in  the  United  States, 
while  it  is  safe  to  say  that  their  combined  influence,  exerted 
in  the  right  direction,  would  ensure  an  enduring  future  for 
any  port  or  group  of  ports  demonstrating  worthiness  of 
such  attention. 

Under  these  alluring  circumstances  the  question  natur- 
ally arises  as  to  whether  the  Pacific  Coast  of  America  has 
actually  awakened  to  thorough  realization  of  the  tremen- 
dous importance  of  the  forthcoming  meeting  of  industrial 
and  financial  chiefs  of  this  nation  with  accredited  repre- 
sentatives of  potential  trading  nations  overseas.  It  is  true 
that  practically  all  Chambers  of  Commerce  and  trade  or- 
ganizations of  the  Coast  district  have  a  sort  of  gentlemen's 
agreement  to  co-operate  in  making  the  Pacific  visit  of 
American  business  leaders  a  brilliantly  enjoyable  and  a 
memorable  event  socially,  but  the  question  might  be  asked, 
with  all  due  deference  to  the  proprieties,  whether  these 
organizations  and  Coast  business  interests  generally  are 
preparing  the  right  kind  of  object  lesson  for  the  dis- 
tinguished travellers  from  a  distance? 

All  the  exposition  of  Pacific  opportunity  will  not  be 
made  in  the  San  Francisco  Civic  Auditorium.  Formal  pa- 
pers prepared  and  read  by  methodical  business  gentlemen 
may  disclose  those  opportunities  through  stacks  of  statistics 
and  bundles  of  figures,  but  they  will  be  less  impressive 
than  the  eagerness  of  Pacific  people,  as  a  whole,  for  trade 
expansion  across  and  around  the  great  sea.  The  term, 
Pacific  people,  in  this  connection  embraces  all  dwellers  on 
the  shores  of  the  world's  vastest  ocean,  American  or 
otherwise. 

The  Seventh  National  Foreign  Trade  Convention  will 
be  the  most  important  business  gathering  ever  held  any- 
where, but  it  will  be  no  more  important  than  the  Pacific 
Coast  of  America  makes  it.  It  will  supply  the  key  to  the 
unlocked  Pan  Pacific  storehouse,  but  the  door  will  not  be 
opened  on  this  side  of  the  American  continent  unless  all 
Pacific  interests  get  together  to  help  open  it.  The  great 
opportunity  and  the  greatest  test  of  the  Pacific  Coast  is  at 
hand. 


INTERNATIONAL  COMMERCE  IS  VITAL 

IN  the  official  call  to  the  Seventh  National  Foreign  Trade 
Convention,  issued  by  James  A.  Farrell,  chairman,  and 
0.  K.  Davis,  secretary  of  the  National  Foreign  Trade 
Council,  is  the  following  appeal  to  all  good  Americans: 

This  is  an  unusually  appropriate  occasion  for  the  as- 
sembling of  representatives  of  all  elements  engaged  in  or 
affected  by  foreign  trade.  The  service  of  international 
commerce  to  the  nation  has  been  very  great  in  the  past. 
It  will  be  vital  in  the  future. 

We  are  called  upon  to  devote  the  best  that  is  in  us  to 
a  substantial  and  energetic  program  of  construction.  The 
antidote  for  destruction  is  production.  The  remedy  for 
waste  is  saving. 


M arch    1  920 


m 


rreater  Test  of  the  Pacific  Coast 


THE  CALL  TO  CONVENTION 

By  James  A.  Farrell,  Chairman,  National  Foreign  Trade  Council 


THE  world 
war  has 
wrought  far- 
reaching  chan- 
ges in  the 
course  of  Amer- 
ican foreign 
trade. 

Some  of  the 
results  of  this 
change  are  now 
apparent  to  all. 
Others  more  re- 
mote and  less 
tangible  are  yet 
to  be  dealt 
with.  They  fur- 
nish problems 
i  n  statesman- 
ship, commerce 
and  finance 
which  call  for 
sound  consid- 
eration and 
wise  action. 

To  analyze 
the  conditions 
now  confront- 
ing American  international  commerce,  and  those  it  will 
have  to  meet  in  the  immediate  future;  to  consider  the 
influence  of  the  results  of  the  war  upon  our  foreign 
trade;  to  study  the  effect  of  being  a  creditor  instead  of 
a  debtor  nation ;  and  to  endeavor  to  obtain  the  thought- 
ful judgment  of  American  business  men  upon  these 
problems  of  vital  importance  to  all  our  people,  the  Na- 
tional Foreign  Trade  Council  will  hold  their  Seventh 
National  Foreign  Trade  Convention  in  San  Francisco 
California,  Wednesday,  Thursday,  Friday  and  Saturday, 
May  12,  13,  14  and  15,  1920. 

The  Effect  of  Being  a  Creditor  Nation  will  be  the 
central  theme  of  the  Convention. 

This  country  must  be  awakened  to  the  full  meaning  of 
the  great  change  in  our  status  achieved  in  the  last  five 
years.  It  is  not  enough  that  some  of  the  leaders  of 
commerce,  finance  and  industry  shall  interpret  correctly 
the  economic  situation  of  today.  A  broad  understand- 
ing of  what  it  means  must  be  brought  home  to  all  our 


JAMES  A.  FARRELL 


people,  and  especially  to  producers  in  all  parts  of  the 
country. 

Chiefly  through  loans  to  our  associates  in  the  war, 
we  have  built  up  a  huge  export  balance  of  trade. 
Furthermore,  there  rests  upon  us  the  obligation  to  con- 
tinue exports,  as  far  as  our  domestic  requirements  per- 
mit, as  our  share  in  the  reconstitution  of  Europe. 

The  liquidation  of  our  balance  of  trade  can  be  accom- 
plished only  by  imports.  Shall  it  be  imports  chiefly  of 
manufactured  goods?  Or  shall  our  investors  create  im- 
ports through  the  purchase  of  foreign  securites,  and 
thereby  increase  permanently  the  national  wealth? 

Imports  of  goods  are  even  now  increasing.     They  are 
coming  into  a  market  whose  power  of  consumption  was- 
greatly   expanded   by   the  war,   but  whose   similarly   in- 
creased power  of  production  is  capable  of  producing  a 
surplus  above  its  own  needs. 

What  shall  become  of  that  surplus?  Shall  we  cease 
to  produce  it?  Or  shall  we  find  markets  for  it  abroad, 
even  if  we  must,  for  a  time,  extend  the  credits  abroad 
to  pay  for  it? 

This  is  a  subject  which  the  Seventh  National  Foreign 
Trade  Convention  will  study  and  on  which  its  careful 
judgment  will  be  asked.  A  sound  solution  of  these 
problems  is  of  immediate  concern  to  our  people. 

To  the  end  that  this  Convention  may  be  equipped 
with  the  ability  and  the  experience  essential  to  the 
sound  solution  of  its  problems,  and  that  its  judgment 
may  be  clothed  with  the  authority  rightly  attaching  to 
the  well  considered  opinion  of  American  business,  all 
Americans  engaged  in,  or  desirous  of  entering,  foreign 
trade;  all  who  are  connected  with  any  factor  of  our  in- 
ternational commerce,  agricultural,  commercial,  finan- 
cial, industrial  or  transportation ;  all  chambers  of  com- 
merce, boards  of  trade,  national  and  state  associations, 
and  all  other  commercial  and  industrial  organizations,  as 
well  as  firms  and  individuals,  are  hereby  cordially  in- 
vited to  take  part  in  it,  individually  or  by  the  appoint- 
ment of  delegates. 

This  Convention  should  be  genuinely  and  thoroughly 
representative  of  every  part  of  the  United  States  and 
every  phase  of  American  production  and  distribution 
for  foreign  trade.  The  departments  of  government  deal- 
ing with  foreign  trade  matters  have  pledged  their  hearty 
co-operation  and  will  assign  members  of  their  trained 
forces  to  assist  in  the  work  of  the  Convention. 


194 


Pan     Pacific 


Development  of  China  Will  Restore 
World's  Trade  Balance-Asserts  juiean  a™*] 


WITH  the  Chinese  silver  dollar, 
possessing  the  purchasing 
power  in  gold,  two  and  a  half 
fold  greater  than  that  of  four  years 
ago,  it  offers  an  alluring  market  to 
the  American  manufacturer  and  ex- 
porter. China  is  not  suffering  from  an 
inflated  currency  or  inflated  credits 
as  are  many  other  nations  today.  The 
Chinese  silver  dollar  will  exchange 
now  for  $1.10  gold,  whereas  four  years 
ago  it  exchanged  for  45  cents  gold. 

Another  consideration  of  even 
greater  import  to  the  American  manu- 
facturer is  the  fact  that  the  Chinese 
people  are  now  embarking  upon  an 
era  of  modern  industrialism,  with  no 
old  machinery  or  anticipated  indus- 
trial ideas  to  scrap.  They  begin  now 
pretty  much  where  the  Western  World 
leaves  off  today.  They  have  all  the 
developments  of  the  West  during  the 
past  100  years  to  draw  upon. 

Hence,  while  in  a  sense  they  are 
where  England  and  America  were  100 
years  ago,  they  have  not  to  do  the 
pioneering,  but  are  in  a  position  to 
use  what  others  have  learned  and  ac- 
quired. For  this  reason  their  advance 
industrially  will  be  very  much  more 
rapid  than  was  possible  for  the  na- 
tions  of  the   West. 

Chinese  Development 
Will  Restore  Balance 

There  are  some  who  would  do  all 
within  their  power  to  restrain  and 
hold  back  China's  efforts  to  become 
an  industrial  nation,  fearing  that 
when  China's  400,000,000  are  set  to 
work  in  factories,  there  will  be  no 
room  for  others,  because  China's  pres- 
ent low  wage  scale  and  low  standard  of 
living,  added  to  which  it  has  a  mar- 
velous store  of  undeveloped  natural 
resources  upon  which  to  draw,  will 
make  it  a  competitor  with  which  the 
West  cannot  cope.  This  was  the  ar- 
gument which  in  a  smaller  way  the 
Englishmen  of  a  century  ago  put  forth 
when  he  advocated  discouraging  the 
United  States  engaging  in  manufac- 
turing, yet  today  who  is  Great  Brit- 
ain's best  customer,  if  it  is  not  Amer- 
ica? 

The  men  who  would  discourage 
China's  efforts  to  become  a  great  in- 
dustrial nation,  utterly  fail  to  take 
cognizance  of  the  fact  that  it  is  this 
very  development  on  the  part  of  China 
which  can  do  more  to  restore  the 
world's  balance  of  trade  and  put  its 
currency  back  on  to  a  sound  basis  than 
almost  anything  else. 

In  passing  from  an  agricultural  na- 
tion, with  its  primitive  and  wasteful 


Juiean  Arnold,  commercial  attache 
of  the  United  States  Department  of 
Commerce,  is  widely  recognized  as  a 
leading  authority  on  Chinese  com- 
merce, having  been  stationed  for  man]) 
years  in  Pekin  and  other  trade  centers 
of  the  Orient.  He  is  a  Californian 
and  is  non>  in  America  for  the  Foreign 
Trade  Convention  in  San  Francisco 
May   12  to  15  next. 


methods  in  agriculture,  to  a  modern, 
well  organized  economic  society,  China 
will  be  in  a  position  now  to  render  a 
great  service  not  only  to  its  own  peo- 
ple, but  to  the  world  at  large.  The 
few  miles  of  railways  China  now  has 
and  the  few  modern  industrial  plants 
which  the  country  has  installed  have 
already  demonstrated  the  fact  that 
railways  and  modern  industrialism  will 
increase  the  purchasing  power  of  the 
people  and  multiply  their  wants  so 
rapidly  that  the  standards  of  living 
among  the  people  will  very  rapidly 
approach  those  of  the  West. 
Chinese  With  Money 
Is    a    Good    Spender 

The  Chinese  with  money  is  as  good 
a  spender  as  any  Westerner.  Already 
we  see  this  in  the  motor  cars  which 
the  Chinese  are  purchasing  even  be- 
fore they  have  the  roads  upon  which 
to  use  them  to  advantage.  If  Europe 
would  rehabilitate  itself  rapidly  by 
securing  a  ready  market  for  its  manu- 
facturers, it  can  do  nothing  better 
and  more  helpful  than  to  hasten  in 
every  possible  way  China's  industrial 
and  economic  developments,  so  as  to 
increase  as  rapidly  as  possible  the 
purchasing  power  of  the  great  masses 
of  this  wonderful  country  abounding 
in  vast  treasure  of  natural  resources. 

The  greatest  need  in  China  today, 
with  an  area  greater  than  that  of 
Europe,  is  railways.  With  its  mere 
pittance  of  6,500  miles  of  rail  facili- 
ties, two-thirds  of  its  territory  are 
comparatively  sparsely  inhabited,  in 
fact  huge  areas  contain  fewer  people 
to  the  square  mile  than  do  any  of 
the  states  of  the  United  States.  Six- 
sevenths  of  China's  population  still 
reside  in  about  one-third  of  its  terri- 
tory, while  over  half  of  the  country 
remains  to  be  developed. 

The  reason  for  this  is  that  the  pop- 
ulation has  naturally  followed  the 
lines  of  least  resistance,  in  a  crude 
way,  and  settled  along  the  waterways, 
where  transportation  was  possible  and 
where  protection  was  easily  obtained 
because  of  easy  transportation.     One 


of  the  greatest  services  which  the  out- 
side world  can  perform  in  its  relations 
to  China  and  in  its  efforts  to  profit  by 
what  China  may  contribute  to  its 
trade  extension,  will  come  with  the 
encouragement  in  every  possible  way 
of  the  construction  of  railways  in 
China,  so  as  to  make  it  possible  for 
the  people  to  extend  their  activities 
and  energies  into  those  vast  sections 
of  the  country  possessed  of  a  mar- 
velous store  of  undeveloped  virgin  re- 
sources. 

Interior    Trade    Cut-    Off 
By    Transportation    Lack 

Even  in  the  populated  sections  of 
West  China,  there  is  a  world  of  trade 
cut  off  today  from  the  West,  and  also 
from  the  rest  of  China  because  of  lack 
of  railways,  being  away  from  eco- 
nomic water  transportation.  In  this 
section  of  China  where  there  reside 
probably  60,000,000  people,  prices  are 
still  those  which  obtained  before  the 
discovery  of  gold  in  California. 

The  most  expensive  luxury  these 
people  have  is  transportation,  even 
though  the  wage  of  the  laborer  and 
the  carrying  coolie,  scarcely  exceeds 
15  to  20  cents  a  day.  Land  transporta- 
tion in  Kansuh,  Shensi  and  Szeehuan 
Provinces,  where  there  are  no  railways 
and  where  we  have  an  aggregate  of 
60,000,000  to  70,000,000  of  people  costs 
from  12  to  28  cents  a  ton  mile,  as 
compared  to  a  three-quarter  cent  per 
ton  mile  rate  in  the  United  States, 
with  wages  at  $4  and  $5  a  day. 

Hence  these  people  cannot  get  their 
products  into  the  market  of  the  world 
nor  can  the  outside  world  gets  its 
products  to  them.  Thus  we  have  there 
a  nation  cut  away  from  the  channels 
of  the  world's  trade  and  they  might 
as  well  be  in  Mars  as  far  as  contribut- 
ing to  the  wealth  of  the  outside  world 
is  concerned.  They  possess  a  wonder- 
ful wealth  in  natural  resources,  but 
are  living  unto  themselves,  and  very 
poorly  at  that.  Here  lies  a  market 
with  ten  times  the  potentialities  of 
Australasia,  because  it  possesses  more 
than  ten  times  the  population  and  is 
probably  as  rich  in  resources. 
Financial  Aid  Needed 
In     Industrial     Plants 

Next  after  the  construction  of  rail- 
ways in  China,  in  its  importance  to 
the  trade  of  the  rest  of  the  world,  is 
capitalistic  aid  to  China's  economic 
developments  generally,  including  aid- 
ing the  people  in  the  establishment  of 
a  stable  government  and  in  the  en- 
couragement of  modern  industrialism 
in  all  its  phases.    China  has  never  re- 


March    19  20 


195 


pudiated  its  foreign  obligations.  For- 
eign interests  in  China  have  always 
been  compensated  for  losses  due  to 
revolutions  and  disturbances  within 
the  country  and  the  people  generally 
possess  a  remarkably  good  sense  of 
justice. 

China's  foreign  indebtedness,  which 
is  about  $1,000,000,000,  is  inconsiderate 
in  light  of  the  marvelous  wealth  and 
the  great  resources  of  the  country. 
There  is  much  wealth  among  the  Chin- 
ese which  with  assistance  and  coop- 
erative  effort  from  without  will  go  into 
productive  enterprises. 

A  mistaken  idea  which  the  West 
seems  to  have  of  China  is  that  the 
country  is  a  second  Mexico.  Foreign- 
ers have  resided  in  China  in  greater 
numbers  than  they  have  resided  in 
Mexica  and  scattered  throughout  the 
country.  Yet  few,  indeed,  are  the  oc- 
casions when  foreigners  have  had  to 
seek  shelter  or  flee  the  country.  Even 
during   the   revolution   and   rebellions 


which  have  marked  China's  transition 
from  a  monarchy  to  a  republic,  the 
lives  of  foreigners  were  safe  and  pro- 
tection was  accorded  them.  In  fact, 
the  Chinese  people  have  been  consid- 
erate in  their  attitude  toward  for- 
eigners, giving  to  them  far  more  con- 
sideration at  times  than  they  were 
able  to  accord  their  own  people.  No 
people  have  developed  pacifistic  ideas 
to  a  greater  degree  than  have  the 
Chinese. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the 
Chinese  people  have  filtered  down 
through  their  entire  population  a  cul- 
ture of  three  to  five  thousands  of  years 
of  their  civilization.  This  culture 
reaches  to  a  certain  degree  every  mem- 
ber of  their  society.  None  are  beyond 
its  influence  and  effects.  You  will  find 
it  in  the  humblest  servant  in  your 
employ  as  well  as  in  the  merchant  and 
the  scholar,  if  you  live  in  China.  This 
culture  carries  with  it  high  ethical 
conceptions  and  splendid  educational 
ideals. 


The  only  trouble  with  the  people, 
from  our  viewpoint,  is  that  they  have 
failed  during  the  past  centiuy  to  keep' 
pace  with  the  West  in  scientific  and 
industrial  development.  Their  secluded 
position,  their  educational  system 
which  kept  their  minds  glued  to  the 
past,  and  their  great  reverence  for 
their  ancestors,  which  helped  further 
to  prevent  their  looking  into  the  fu- 
ture, have  contributed  to  their  present 
day    seemingly    backwardness. 

Give  China  a  decade  or  two  or  mod- 
ern schools,  the  helping  hand  of  the 
West  in  building  the  railways  the 
country  now  so  badly  needs  and  in 
aiding  in  its  development*  of  an  ef- 
fective constructible  administrative 
system,  embracing  encouragement  of 
modern  industrialism,  and  the  West 
will  find  in  China  the  means  of  the 
financial  and  economic  regeneration  of 
the  world — in  other  words,  interna- 
tional co-operation  in  China's  develop- 
ment will  prove  an  incalculable  bless- 
ing to  tbfl  entire  civilized  world. 


196 


Pan     P  a  c  i  f  i  i 


AEROPLANE  VIEW  OF  THE   BUND,  SHANGHAI,  CHINA 


Teeming  Millions  of  Far  East  Potential 
Buyers  of  American  Goods-says  l.  d  snyder 


THE  Far  East  is  a  region  of  tre- 
mendous distances.  It  is  a  world 
in  itself  of  striking  contrasts.  The 
greatest  contrast  of  all  time — the  tran- 
sition of  backward  nations  to  commer- 
cial leaders  will  take  place  within  the 
next  century. 

The  world's  economic  stage  is  now 
being  set  for  the  great  awakening  of 
the  Far  East,  the  arousing  of  a  com- 
mercial giant  from  slavery,  ignorance 
and  darkness ;  and  the  assumption  of 
a  just,  rightful  and  prominent  place 
in  the  economic  and  commercial  broth- 
erhood of  man. 

The  greatest  and  most  inspiring 
things  in  the  Far  East  are  the  mag- 
nificent distances  with  which  the  Great 
Architect  laid  out  his  most  valuable 
reservoir  of  natural  wealth.  Out  there 
a  thousand  miles  are  as  nothing.  The 
average  American  thinks  that  the 
Malay  Archipelago  is  an  ordinary 
group  of  small  islands,  probably  as 
large  as  Porto  Rico — or  some  other 
island  that  he  has  an  imperfect  idea 
of.  Yet  the  Netherlands  East  Indies 
stretch  out  for  three  thousand  miles 
and  have  a  population  of  fifty  million 
people. 

Investigator    Impressed 
by  Numbers  of  Peoples 

The  manufacturer  or  exporter  who 
is  investigating  foreign  fields  is  im- 
mediately impressed  with  the  great 
number  of  people  in  the  Orient.  Stop 
for  a  moment  to  contemplate  the  mar- 
ket that  China-proper  offers  with  four 
times  the  population  of  the  United 
States  compressed  into  a  little  over 
half  the  same  area.  There  is  Japan, 
America's  best  customer,  with  about 
60,000,000  people.  Chosen  has  seven- 
teen and  a  half  million ;  Indo-China  has 
over  eighteen  million;  and  Siam  eight 
million.  Then  there  is  India  with 
three    hundred    million   more;    not    to 


mention  the  lesser  countries. 

The  whole  situation  can  be  summed 
up — as  far  as  numbers  of  people  are 
concerned — in  the  fact  that  there  are 
within  a  radius  of  three  thousand  five 
hundred  miles  of  Manila  seven  hun- 
dred and  sixty  million  of  potential 
buyers  of  American  goods — if  America 
will  only  wake  up. 

Greatest  Race  Mixture 
Found  in  the  Far  East 

In  the  Far  East  the  exporter  finds 
the  greatest  mixture  of  races.  In  the 
north  the  yellow  races  predominates. 
In  the  tropics  are  both  the  brown  and 
black  with  a  liberal  sprinkling  of  the 
white  races  throughout  both  northern 
and  southern  Asia.  To  the  differences 
of  race  we  must  add  the  characteris- 
tics of  the  many  religious  faiths,  some 
of  which  are  the  dominating  forces 
in  the  lives  of  their  adherents. 

At  the  same  time  there  are  a  num- 
ber of  characteristics  which  this  con- 
glomeration of  different  people  have 
in  common.  The  most  notable  is  their 
simplicity  of  life,  especially  their  food. 
Rice  is  the  staple  food  and  is  used  by 
all  classes,  as  wheat  flour  is  used  by 
Americans.  The  poor  class,  which  are 
in  a  vast  majority  in  the  Orient,  eat 
rice  and  not  much  of  other  foods.  They 
need  only  to  have  a  bucket  to  wash 
the  rice  in  and  a  pot  to  boil  it  in  over 
a  portable  charcoal  or  coke  stove. 

The  nutrition  in  rice  is  sufficient  to 
sustain  these  immense  populations.  It 
is  perhaps  well  that  Asiatics  are  not 
meat  eaters — either  through  environ- 
ment or  through  religion — because  the 
world's  supply  of  cattle  would  never 
even  begin  to  nourish  these  hundreds 
of  millions. 

Siberia's  Great  Wealth 
Is  Beyond  Computation 

Siberia  is  the  farthest  north  and  has 
a  future  in  prospect  perhaps  next  to 


that  of  China.  Siberia  is  wealthy  be- 
yond computation  in  minerals,  timber, 
furs  and  agricultural  resources.  The 
mines  have  always  been  state  property 
under  the  Czars,  and  along  the  north- 
ern coasts  especially  gold  mining  was 
strictly  prohibited. 

Siberia  is  too  big  to  hold  only  the 
small  and  disagreeable.  Her  immense 
steppes  will  some  day  be  growing  un- 
told quantities  of  grain.  Her  mines 
will  yield  more  revenue  in  the  form  of 
iron  and  coal  than  in  gold.  Her 
boundless  forests  will  relieve  the  pres- 
sure on  the  fast  disappearing  timber 
of  America.  Her  people  will  awake 
to  the  fact  that  only  by  developing 
their  natural  resources  can  the  coun- 
try make  economic  progress  and  bring 
individual  prosperity  to  themselves. 

The  Union  of  Co-operative  Societies 
in  Siberia  is  bound  to  play  an  import- 
ant part  in  the  awakening  and  the  de- 
velopment of  Siberia.  This  powerful 
organization,  with  headquarters  in 
Moscow,  controls  the  buying  of  sup- 
plies for  25,000,000  people.  Its  influ- 
ence surely  will  be  felt  in  future  Rus- 
sian and  Siberian  world  trade. 
Two  Cheapest  Things 
Are  Time  and  Labor 

Tn  China  the  two  cheapest  things 
are  time  and  labor.  The  Chinese  are 
never  in  a  hurry,  they  can  see  no  rea- 
son at  all  to  rush  along  as  we  do  in 
the  West.  One  of  the  greatest  objec- 
tions to  the  construction  of  railroads 
in  China  was  the  fact  that  coolies  and 
cart  men  would  lose  their  jobs,  and 
moreover  it  was  unnecessary  to  travel 
so  fast.  They  can  send  goods  short 
distances  cheaper  on  coolies'  backs 
than  by  railroad. 

Wood  can  be.  sawed  cheaper  by 
coolie  labor  than  by  steam.  It  doesn't 
seem  to  be  possible,  yet  it's  a  fact. 
It  is  a  common  sight  to  see  river  boats 


March    1920 


197 


propelled  by  stern  paddle  wheels 
which  are  operated  by  from  ten  to 
twenty  coolies  working  a  sort  of  tread- 
mill attached  to  the  shaft. 

The  Chinese  are  nevertheless  intelli- 
gent and  quick  to  learn.  During  the 
course  of  the  construction  of  the  Can- 
tim-llankow  Railway  it  was  proved 
that  with  patience,  tact  and  fairness 
the  Chinese  can  be  educated  to  become 
intelligent  workers.  They  have  initia- 
tive and  learn  easily,  make  very  good 
railroad  workers,  mechanics  or  work- 
ers requiring  mechanical  inclination. 

Superstition    a   Barrier 
To     Chinese     Progress 

They  are  extremely  superstitious,  as 
was  shown  by  their  attitude  toward 
the  work  of  constructing  railways. 
They  would  not  permit  a  right  of  way 
through  a  cemetery,  of  which  there 
seem  to  be  hundreds  always  in  the 
way.  That,  of  course,  is  easily  ex- 
plained by  the  reverence  they  pay  their 
ancestors.  We  might  imitate  it  to 
good  advantage.  But  it  is  another 
matter  when  a  railway  could  not  cut 
through  a  hill  for  fear  of  releasing  the 
supposed  tiger  guardian  of  the  village, 
which  would  be  destroyed  by  evil 
spirits  if  the  tiger  guardian  escaped. 

The  Chinese  were  centuries  ago  the 
world's  greatest  traders.  Peter  the 
(treat  once  said  that  the  nation  con- 
trolling the  Chinese  trade  would  domi- 
nate the  world's  markets.  In  ancient 
times  the  Chinese  traded  with  the  Ro- 
man Empire  by  sending  caravans 
across  Mongolia  and  the  Caucasus. 
Later  this  trade  diverted  to  water 
routes,  touching  at  various  points  in 
India,  the  Straits,  Siam,  Dutch  Islands, 
and  Indo-China. 

But  that  is  all  a  thing  of  the  past 
now.  China  secluded  herself  behind 
her  walls  many  many  years  ago  and 
lived  a  life  of  self -content  with  things 
as  they  were.  They  have  even  forgot- 
ten the  glorious  details  of  their  ancient 
history — not  completely,  though,  be- 
cause there  are  everywhere  traces  of 
awakening  of  a  revival  of  the  long 
forgotten  spirit  and  activity. 

It  would  not  be  surprising  to  see  the 
flame  of  invention  renew,  phoenix-like, 
from  the  ashes  of  China's  ancient  and 
most  forgotten  civilization.  They  un- 
derstood mathematics,  bridge  construc- 
tion and  crude  engineering  before  the 
white  race  had  hardly  learned  to  walk 
upright. 

Wants    Goods    Right 
And   at   Right   Price 

China  has  always  been  a  small  pur- 
chaser of  manufactured  goods,  due 
principally  to  lack  of  education  for 
Western  or  modern  conveniences  and 
goods;  she  wants  them  right,  and  at 
the  development  that  will  create  un- 
told demand  for  all  sorts  of  goods. 
The  question  squarely  before  American 
business  is;  Will  we  get  our  share  of 
this  trade? 


Japan  Fast 
Advancing 
in  Steel 
Industry 


NOT  many  decades  ago  the  ruling 
classes  of  Japan  addressed  them- 
selves to  the  formidable  task  of  ap- 
propriating Western  material  civiliza- 
tion, which  in  a  sense  has  been  founded 
upon  iron  and  steel.  The  task  was 
approached  almost  empty  handed, 
with  practically  nothing  in  the  way  of 
science,  traditions,  mechanical  equip- 
ment or  industrial  experience  and 
with  but  slender  resources  of  any 
sort. 

Barriers  of  language  and  means 
made  acquisition  of  the  necessary 
learning  very  difficult.  There  was  lit- 
tle experience  in  the  use  of  metals  for 
construction  and  manufactures,  wood 
being  the  standard  material  of  the  na- 
tion. Houses  and  even  boats  were  put 
together  without  nails  or  metals  of 
any  sort. 

Well  established  competitors  abroad 
could  produce  at  costs  far  below  Jap- 
anese enterprisers.  Traces  of  these  old 
handicaps  still  cling  persistently  to 
the  iron  industry  of  the  present  day, 
and  no  proper  understanding  of  the 
situation  can  fail  to  take  them  into 
account. 

Early  Metal  Working 
Confined     to     Guilds 

Tn  spite  of  this  most  meagre  back- 
ground from  which  to  make  a  begin- 
ning it  should  be  said  that  from  an- 
cient, even  mythological  times,  there 
has  been  metal  and  iron  working  of  a 
sort  in  Japan.  But  this  was  limited  to 
sword  making  and  to  works  of  art 
under  the  patronage  of  the  feudal 
lords.  Encased  in  the  mysterious  sec- 
recy of  the  guilds  the  knowledge  and 
practice  of  metal  working  was  never 
widespread. 

During  the  latter  half  of  the  past 
century  with  the  gradual  introduction 


into  Japan  of  ideas  from  abroad  came 
the  first  positive  attempts  to  estab- 
lish the  iron  industry  along  modern 
lines.  Between  1874  and  1883  the 
then  Department  of  Public  Works  of 
the  government  acquired  and  operated 
the  old  Kamaishi  iron  mine,  but  gave 
up  the  enterprise  after  having  lost 
2,000,000  yen,  or  $1,000,000.  Subse- 
quently in  private  hands  this  mine 
has  become  the  most  important  private 
one  in  Japan. 

The  need  of  iron  and  steel  in  con- 
nection with  the  Chino-Japanese  war 
in  1894-95  led  finally  to  another  gov- 
ernment iron  and  steel  works,  which 
began  actual  operations  in  1901.  Up 
to  this  time  private  enterprise,  also 
stimulated  by  the  war  with  China,  had 
been  making  some  progress,  but  the 
end  of  the  century  found  the  total  out- 
put of  steel  on  the  decline  and  stand- 
ing below  1,000  metric  tons  a  year, 
while  imports  totalled  over  a  quarter 
of  a  million  tons  annually.  Pig  iron 
production  stood  at  something  over 
20,000  metric  tons  a  year. 
War  Stimulates 
Industry  in  Japan 

The  opening  of  the  twentieth  cen- 
tury found  the  industry  still  a  neglig- 
ible factor,  but  it  stood  at  the  door 
of  an  expansion  which  cannot  be  called 
other  than  remarkable  in  view  of  the 
obstacles  which  had  to  be  overcome. 
Although  the  original  plan  of  the  gov- 
ernment works  had  called  for  an  an- 
nual steel  output  of  90,000  tons  the 
country  did  not  once  equal  this 
amount  until  1907.  Nevertheless  the 
effect  of  the  government's  operations, 
which  effectively  began  in  May,  1901, 
and  the  stimulus  of  the  Russo-Japan- 
ese war  may  be  noted  in  the  rapid  and 
steady  increase  for  the  next  five  years. 

Prom  1901  to  the  end  of  1905  the 
total  yearly  output  increased  forty 
fold,  and  thereafter  about  tripled  every 
five  years.  In  1900  less  than  1  per 
cent  of  the  demand  of  the  country  for 
steel  bars  was  satisfied  by  domestic 
production;  in  1902  about  15  per  cent 
was  produced  at  home;  by  1911  this 
had  risen  to  30  per  cent,  and  in  1913 
to  33  per  cent.  At  the  beginning  of 
the  war  home  production  just  equalled 
imports.  Within  the  space  of  fifteen 
years  the  country  had  risen  from  a 
position  of  practically  complete  de- 
pendence  on   foreign   supplies    to    the 

(Continued  on  page  205) 


The  answer  is  as  plain  as  the  nose 
on  your  face,  and  must  be  understood 
by  exporters  individually.  China  wants 
goods;  she  wants  them  right,  and  at 
the  right  prices,  sold  on  just  terms. 
There  is  no  question  but  what  China 
would  prefer  to  trade  with  the  United 
States  if  she  may. 

This  country,  up  to  the  time  of  the 
Shantung  question,  had  always  given 


China  a  square  deal.  China  appre- 
ciates our  action  in  using  the  Boxer 
indemnity  to  educate  Chinese  youths. 
Chinese  also  appreciate  the  fact  that 
they  are  never  barred  individually 
from  a  personal  interview  with  Amer- 
ican bankers  or  merchants  in  China. 
Business  men  of  other  nations  do  not 
give  them  the  same  reception— usually 
refer  them  to  a  clerk  or  subordinate. 


198 


Pan     Pacific 


GREAT  GRAIN  ELEVATORS  AT  PORTLAND 


ANOTHER  great  port  has  been 
added  to  the  Pacific  Coast  of 
America.  A  few  days  ago  the  first 
rubber  cargo  ever  to  arrive  in  the 
Columbia  River  was  unloaded  at  St. 
John's  terminal,  the  new  municipal 
dock  system  of  the  city  of  Portland, 
Oregon. 

The  rubber  came  from  Singapore  on 
the  steamer  West  Hartland,  consigned 
to  Eastern  manufacturers,  and  after 
being  unloaded,  inspected  and  weighed 


was  put  aboard  a  long  train  of  cars 
and  sent  on  its  journey  across  the  con- 
tinent. The  shipment  consisted  of 
5,000  tons  of  rubber.  The  same 
steamer  also  brought  an  immense  ship- 
ment of  hemp. 

Portland  has  become  an  important 
trans-shipment  point  for  cotton. 
Steamers  for  the  Orient  now  dock  at 
the  great  piers  of  St.  Johns  Terminal, 
which  is  being  built  in  units  and  is 
about  one-third  completed.  Eighty 
thousand  bales  of  cotton  pass  through 


the  Portland  terminal  to  the  Orient  in 
the  season. 

This  terminal,  which  has  cost  to  date 
$4,500,000,  with  $6,500,000  yet  to  be 
expended,  is  claimed  to  be  the  best 
equipped  port  terminal  in  the  United 
States.  The  money  for  the  develop- 
ment has  been  provided  by  bond  is- 
sues. Striking  features  of  the  termi- 
nal system  are  the  great  grain  eleva- 
tors. 

In  addition  to  the  total  of  $1.1,000,- 
000  to  be  expended  on  the  St.  Johns 
system,  the  Port  Commission  will 
spend  several  million  dollars  for  ad- 
ditional harbor  improvements. 

In  former  years  shippers  avoided 
Portland  harbor  because  of  the  difficul- 
ties encountered  in  crossing  the  bar 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Columbia  River. 
For  twenty  years  the  ablest  engineers 
of  the  United  States  army,  aided  by 
harbor  engineers  from  all  over  the 
world,  labored  to  overcome  this  diffi- 
culty. They  finally  succeeded  after 
the  expenditure  of  some  $16,000,000. 
The  perils  of  crossing  the  Columbia 
bar  exist  now  only  in  mariners'  tra- 
ditions. 

Likewise  the  danger  from  sandbars 
that  used  to  be  feared  in  the  river 
between  the  entrance  to  the  Columbia 
and  Portland,  exist  now  only  in  mem- 
ory, for  the  Federal  government  and 
the  Port  of  Portland  see  to  it  that 
there  is  at  all  times  a  clear  channel 
throughout  the  one  hundred  miles  from 
Portland  to  the  sea,  for  vessels  draw- 
ing thirty  feet  of  water. 

In  order  to  do  away  with  the  old 
prejudice  against  the  Columbia  River, 
the  Port  of  Portland,  the  Commission 
of  Public  Docks  and  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  have  joined  in  guaranteeing 
an  equality  of  all  port  costs  and 
charges,  with  any  port  of  the  North 
Pacific.  This  guarantee  covers  coal 
for  ships'  bunkers,  placing  this  charge 
upon  an  equality  with  other  ports. 


FIRST  TRAINLOAD  OF  RUBBER  TO  LEAVE  PORTLAND 


March    1920 


199 


FIRST    RUBBER   CARGO   AT  ST.   JOHN'S   TERMINAL 


Free  Port  Would 

Give  Trade  Impetus 


By  WILLIAM  H.   HAMMER 

President    Foreign    Trade    Club,    San 

Francisco 

— o — 

THIS  country  has  the  greatest  op- 
portunity of  any  country  for  the 
building  up  and  developing  of  foreign 
trade.  We  know  what  the  past  has 
been  and  we  can  speculate  quite 
shrewdly  on  what  the  future  is  going 
to  bring. 

great  shipping  program  and  other  pro- 
gressive movements  inaugurated  by 
our  Government  to  encourage  this 
trade,  it  behooves  us  to  be  up  and 
doing  by  way  of  preparation,  so  that 
when  the  opportunity  does  come  it 
may  not  find  us  unequipped. 

One  of  the  questions  of  how  to  get 
the  trade  is  being  solved  in  part  by 
the  Government,  which  is  sending  out 
commercial  attaches  of  the  consular 
department  all  over  the  world. 

The  appropriation  necessary  for  this 
purpose  should  be  made  very  liberal 
by  our  Government,  and  should  have 
the  aid  and  support  of  all  true  Amer- 
icans, because  these  men  who  are  go- 
ing to  the  four  corners  of  the  earth 
are  doing  excellent  work  in  promoting 
trade  expansion,  and  their  services 
are  needed  now  more  than  ever.  The 
exporters,  importers  and  manufac- 
turers will  gain  great  assistance  from 
these  attaches  of  the  Bureau  of  For- 
eign and  Domestic  Commerce — assist- 
ance which  all  the  private  representa- 
tives in  the  world  cannot  render  as 


well  as  these  men,  working  under  the 
direction  and  authority  of  our  na- 
tional Government  and  working  in 
the  interest  of  the  general  trade  at 
large. 

Among  other  valuable  aid  rendered 
by  the  commercial  attaches,  is  that 
of  locating  raw  materials  in  places 
like  Siberia,  where  we  can  eventually 
obtain  many  essential  supplies  for  our 


manufacturers;  among  them,  wool, 
hides,  ores  of  various  kinds,  etc.  We 
must  do  our  foreign  trading  on  a  big 
plan  if  we  desire  to  compete  with 
other  nations. 

Great  Britain  has  commercial 
agents  all  over  the  world,  and  Ger- 
many had  them  before  the  war. 

Later,  there  will  be  a  great  surplus 
from  increased  production  and  manu- 
facturers, which  will  necessarily  have 
to  seek  a  foreign  outlet.  We  have  the 
ships  and  with  our  new  banking  ex- 
tensions in  foreign  fields  the  outlook 
is  very  encouraging.  If  we  can  get 
the  markets,  the  future  is  assured; 
and  getting  these  markets  depends  en- 
tirely on  our  own  enterprise.  Every- 
thing that's  worth  having  must  be 
worked   for. 

One  of  the  most  necessary  matters 
to  be  considered  in  developing  for- 
eign trade  is,  in  my  judgment,  the  es- 
tablishing of  free  ports  or  free  zones, 
which  would  directly  tend  to  increase 
greatly  this  wonderful  foreign  trade. 
By  the  free  zone  system,  Hamburg, 
Bremen  and  Stockholm  built  up  the 
huge  business  they  had  before  the 
war,  and  will  possibly  soon  have  again. 

Sweden  alone  is  at  the  present  time 
expending  vast  sums  developing  new 
free  ports  at  Stockholm,  Malmo  and 
Gotheuberg.  I  believe  we  may  hope 
for  favorable  consideration  of  the 
free  port  idea  by  Congress;  many  of 
our  Representatives  since  the  war 
have  changed  their  viewpoint  concern- 
ing constructive  measures,  especially 
relating  to  foreign  trade,  and  I  firmlj 
believe  those  representatives  in  the 
Middle  and  Western  States,  away  from 
the  coast  line,  will  see  the  wisdom  of 
this  great  movement  and  vote  solidly 
in  favor  of  the  free  port  plan. 

(Continued  on  page  205) 


COTTON  SHIPPED  TO   ORIENT   FROM    PORTLAND 


200 


Pan    Pacific 


Resources  of  Peru  Offer  Field 

For  American  Capital-Reports  Atilio  Tassara 


PERU  is  an  immensely  rich  coun- 
try with  a  vast  area  of  over  1,- 
500,000  kilometres,  containing  all  the 
natural  resources  of  the  three  divis- 
ions, animal,  mineral  and  vegetable. 
Its  shores  on  the  Pacific  have  an  ex- 
tension of  1,300  miles  and  its  popula- 
tion is  6,000,000. 

This  is  one  of  those  South  Ameri- 
can countries  most  appropriate  for  the 
investment  of  foreign  capital  which 
has  always  obtained  large  returns. 
Immigration  is  encouraged. 

Pern,  during  three  centuries,  was 
the  empire  of  the  famous  Incas,  or 
Sons  of  the  Sun,,  which  reached  a 
wonderful  state  of  perfection.  For 
over  four  centuries,  it  was  the  bul- 
wark of  Spanish  domination  in  the 
new  world.  The  capital,  Lima,  called 
the  "Pearl  of  the  Pacific"  is  a  ro- 
mantic city;  it  was  the  center  of  lux- 
ury and  culture,  and  like  several  other 
Peruvian  cities  has  valuable  artistic 
treasures,  and  antique  monuments  of 
inestimable  value. 

Des^nies  of  Peru 
Led  By  Financier 
Actually,  the  destinies  of  Peru  are 
led  by  one  of  its  most  eminent  sons, 
a  great  politician  and  better  finan- 
cist,  August  B.  Leguia,  a  true  people's 
leader  and  a  master  of  "energy."  His 
life  may  be  summed  up  in  these  words : 
"effort  and  work." 

He  entered  the  business  world  at  an 
early  age,  and  achieved  such  success 
that  during  Mr.  Candamo's  adminis- 
tration, in  the  year  1903,  he  was 
called  upon  to  collaborate  in  politics, 
and  was  afterwards  made  minister  of 
finance,  which  high  occupation  he  ful- 
filled for  four  consecutive  years,  hav- 
ing reorganized  the  treasury  and  cre- 
ated the  plan  of  fiscal  taxes  that  is 
today  in  force.  He  occupied  the  pres- 
idency of  the  republic  until  the  year 
1912  and  proved  once  more  his  abil- 
ity as  a  financier.  Mr.  Leguia  favored 
foreign  trade  and  capital  and  sur- 
rounded them  with  all  possible  fa- 
cilities. 

A  few  months  ago  on  his  visit  to 
Washington,  New  York  and  Panama 
he  appealed  for  a  still  better  com- 
mercial understanding  between  Peru 
and  foreign  countries  and  expressed 
his  desire  to  facilitate  and  attract  for- 
eign business  in  Peru,  especially  North 
American,  so  that  everything  makes 
us  believe  that  during  the  period  of 
his  new  administration  all  commercial 
enterprises  between  Peru  and  the 
United  States  will  be  enormously  in- 
creased. 


Atilio  Tassara,  to  rvhom  Pan  Pacific 
readers  are  indebted  for  the  accom- 
panying article,  is  Consul  for  Peru  at 
the  Port  of  New  Orleans. 


It  is  for  us  to  hope  that  American 
capitalists  will  endeavor  to  increase 
business  with  Peru,  where  they  will 
find  all  the  facilities  and  security  they 
might  need  for  their  capital. 

Early  Fortunes 
Were  Squandered 
During  the  better  part  of  its  in- 
dependent life  Peru  was  constantly 
bleeding  through  its  civil  wars,  during 
which  the  large  profits  obtained  from 
guano  and  nitrate  were  squandered. 
In  the  war  of  1879  Chile  grasped  from 
Peru  these  two  wonderful  sources  of 
revenue.  In  order  to  cancel  its  debt 
of  over  £36,000,000  it  mortgaged,  for 
a  large  number  of  years,  its  railroads 
and  the  guano  of  its  islands,  and  it 
remained  in  pitiful  misery;  since  then 
the  Peruvians  have  carried  on  the 
work  of  developing  the  production  of 
their  country  until  now  it  is  in  a 
flourishing  condition.  Its  fiscal  bud- 
get has  increased  about  766  per  cent; 
the  budget  was  only  about  $3,000,000 
and  today  it  has  reached  about  $27,- 
000,000. 

Its  commerce  is  developing  rapidly 
and  it  presents  the  best  prospects  for 
the  North  American  markets. 

In  the  year  1917  Peru  bought  from 
the  United  States  60  per  cent  of  its 
imports  and  exported  to  the  United 
States  goods  to  the  amount  of  $51,- 
000,000,  which  figures  show  the  im- 
portance of  trade  between  these  two 
countries. 

During  the  last  year  Peruvian  com- 
merce has  increased  about  600  per 
cent.  In  1899  it  amounted  to  $24,514,- 
715,  and  in  1917  it  reached  $160,- 
731,331. 

In  1918  the  exports  were  double 
the  amount  of  imports.  The  banking 
resources  amounted  to  $96,864,290. 
The  mint  of  Lima  coined  in  1919  602- 
458   Peruvian   gold   pounds. 

Port    of    Callao 

Has  Facilities 
In  spite  of  the  reduction  of  ton- 
nage in  the  world,  there  entered  the 
Port  of  Callao  during-  the  year  1918 
vessels  aggregating  1,069,957  tons. 
This  port  has  every  facility  for  han- 
dling cargoes  and  compares  favorably 
with  the  best  in  South  America. 


The  mineral  resources  of  Peru  are 
wonderful.  At  present  the  principal 
production  is  copper,  silver,  gold,  lead, 
zinc,  mercury,  bismuth,  vanadium,  an- 
timony, tungsten,  molybodenum,  sul- 
phar,  borax,  salt,  coal  and  petroleum. 
The  mining  production  in  1895  was 
$3,500,000;  it  reached  $46,500,000  in 
1917. 

There  are  several  companies  with 
large  capital  which  are  engaged  in 
mining  operations,  one  of  the  largest 
being  the  American  Cerro  de  Pasco 
Copper  Co.,  with  a  capital  of  $30,000,- 
000,  which  has  a  foundry  with  a  ca- 
pacity of  1,300  tons  of  copper  daily 
This  corporation  proposes  establishing 
another  foundry  in  Orova,  with  a  ca- 
pacity of  4,000  tons  daily.  The  cop- 
per production  of  1917  was  45,176  tons. 

Petroleum  Fields 
Large   Producers 

Petroleum  exists  in  large  quantities 
and  the  present  production  reaches 
over  400,000  tons  annually.  In  the  oil 
zone  one  company  alone,  the  Interna- 
tional Petroleum  Co.,  with  a  capital 
of  $20,000,000,  has  a  daily  refining  ca- 
pacity of  500  tons.  The  largest  re- 
sources are  found  in  the  mountains 
and  in  Ayacucho  and  Puno.  At  pres- 
ent there  is  an  American  company  or- 
ganizing to  exploit  the  large  fields  of 
Puno.  Coalis,  another  mineral  region, 
is  awaiting  expansion;  it  is  figured 
that  the  coal  mines  in  Peru  contain 
6,000,000,000  tons  of  coal,  and  the 
production  of  1917  was  about  400,000 
tons. 

The  Peruvian  lands  are  still  virgin. 
The  Incas  had  reached  a  state  of  won- 
derful progress,  but  in  the  centuries 
that  followed  this  was  completely 
abandoned.  The  principal  products 
under  cultivation  are  sugar,  cotton 
and  rice;  there  are  also  wool  and 
hides.  The  output  of  sugar  has 
reached  400,000  tons  and  occupies 
fourth  place  among  American  coun- 
tries producing  sugar  and  the  eighth 
place  in  the  world.  The  soil  is  un- 
usually rich,  producing  from  7,900  to 
9,500  kilos  of  sugar  per  hactarea,  while 
in  Cuba,  Martinique  and  the  Antilles, 
the  production  is  only  2,500  kilos  and 
in  Brazil  6,000  kilos. 

The  cotton  production  in  1900  was 
7.000  tons;  in  1917  it  reached  about 
29,000  tons;  about  8,000  tons  of  wool 
were   also   produced. 

The    planting   of   wheat   is    gaining 

in  importance  and  there  is  an  annual 

production  of  50,000  tons  and  they  are 

importing   about   60,000   tons   more   to 

(Continued  on  page  205) 


March    I  920 


201 


South  American  Doors  are  Open  to 

CaptainS  Of  IndllStry-Says  Clayton  Sedgwick  Cooper 


THE  Latin-American  spirit  and  at- 
titude of  mind  have  been  well  set 
forth  by  a  Latin-American,  Senor 
Francisco  J.  Yanes: 

"A  change  frequently  made  against 
us  Latin-Americans  and  in  a  sense 
true,  is  that  we  are  a  race  of  dream- 
ers. Perhaps  it  is  so.  We  inherited 
from  our  forefathers  the  love  of  the 
beautiful  and  the  grand;  the  facility 
for  expression  and  the  vivid  imagina- 
tion of  our  race ;  from  them  we  inher- 
ited the  sonorous,  majestic  Spanish, 
the  flexible,  musical  Portuguese,  and 
the  French,  language  of  art,  and  a 
responsive  chord  to  all  that  thrills,  be 
it  color,  harmony  or  mental  imagery ; 
we  inherited  their  varying  moods,  their 
noble  traits  and  their  shortcomings, 
all  of  which  we  have  preserved,  and 
in  certain  cases  improved,  under  the 
influence  of  our  environment,  our  ma- 
jestic mountains,  our  primeval  forests, 
the  ever-blooming  tropical  flowers,  the 
birds  of  sweetest  wild  songs  and  won- 
derful plumage  under  magnificent 
skies  and  the  inspiration  taken  from 
poets  and  writers,  be  they  foreign  or 
native,  who  have  gone  through  life  like 
the  minstrels  of  old,  with  a  song  on 
their  lips  and  an  unsatisfied  yearning 
in  their  hearts." 

Temperament    Foreign 
To    Colder   Americans 

That  such  temperament  is  foreign  in 
general  to  the  direct  and  utilitarian 
American  of  the  colder  North,  is  ap- 
parent. That  we  must  learn  to  under- 
stand it,  to  adapt  ourselves  to  it ;  yes, 
and  win  it  to  ourselves  by  sympathetic 
imagination  and  an  effort  of  will  and 
intelligence,  is  also  patent;  that  is, 
providing  we  are  ever  to  see  anything 
like  a  Pan-America,  with  a  co-operat- 
ing and  mutually  inter-dependent  peo- 
ple. 

How  are  we  to  win  the  Latin  Amer- 
ica of  such  mental  and  spiritual  en- 
dowment? This  is  the  question  of 
questions  for  every  North  American 
be  he  student,  trader,  manufacturer  or 
teacher,  to  seriously  consider. 

First  of  all  we  must  abolish  that 
provincialism  which  takes  the  atttitude 
that  "we  are  the  people  and  wisdom 
will  die  with  us."  The  great  war  has 
done  much  to  break  down  these  isolat- 
ing walls  of  prejudice,  especially  be- 
tween us  and  France  and  England,  and 
in  the  future  we  will  not  find  men  of 
intelligence  fighting  over  the  old  bat- 
tles of  the  Revolution  of  the  United 
States  from  the  mother  country,  while, 
on  the  other  hand,  we  will  not  find  a 
certain  type  of    Englishman    treating 


Mr.  Cooper  is  one  of  the  Laiin- 
American  experts  of  the  well-knorvn 
house  of  W.  R.  Grace  &  Co. 


America  with  that  indifferent  super- 
ciliousness that  existed  more  or  less  in 
Matthew  Arnold's  time,  when  British- 
ers were  inclined  to  adopt  toward  us 
an  attitude  of  condescension,  which  we 
have  been  using  far  too  often  in  this 
generation  toward  the  Latin-Amer- 
icans. 

With  men  like  Viscount  Bryce  and 
Arthur  Balfour  to  translate  American- 
ism to  Britishers,  and  with  the  inter- 
mingling of  hosts  of  soldier  youth  in 
a  common  desperate  task,  we  may  be 
assured  of  the  breaking  down  of  the 
barriers  between  international  frater- 
nity, particularly  as  regards  Great 
Britain.  As  regards  France,  the  entire 
world  will  be  drawn  to  her  perforce 
after  the  magnificent  heroism  and  sac- 
rifice in  the  name  of  honor  that  she  has 
waged  against  her  malignant  foe. 
Must  Win  the  Soul 
of    Latin    America 

But  what  of  our  relations  with  Latin 
America?  To  be  sure,  we  shall  know 
more  about  these  people  both  through 
the  enforced  trade  brought  about  by 
the  war  and  also  because  they,  as  a 
whole,  are  practically  with  us  in  senti- 
ment, if  not  in  every  case  in  actual 
bearing  of  arms  against  a  common 
enemy  of  republicanism  and  a  world 
of  peace  and  unalarmed  industrial  pro- 
gress. Yet  there  will  be  a  long  way 
to  go  after  this  has  been  gained  before 
we  really  understand  or  win  the  soul 
of  Latin  America. 

We  must  come  to  know  them  as  they 
are,  a  highly  cultivated  and  sensitive 
race  at  the  top  of  their  society,  with 
little  or  no  middle  class  as  yet,  while 
below  lie  the  great  populations,  still 
more  or  less  ignorant,  with  little 
knowledge  of  us,  and  politically  with- 
out a  voice.  We  must  understand  that 
this  is  a  proud  people  inheriting  chiv- 
alric  and  European  ideas  regarding 
their  homes,  their  women  and  their  de- 
portment. 

We  must  learn  that  only  men  sent 
to  Latin  America  who  can  get  quickly 
points  of  view  of  other  people,  need 
to  be  sent  there.  Their  languages  are 
important  for  us  to  know,  for  it  is 
through  the  native  speech  that  any 
people  reveal  themselves.  But  the  con- 
ception of  Latin-America  must  change 
through  the  desire  and  effort  of  study, 
trade,  thoughtful  travel  and  intercom- 


munication generally,  if  we  ever  hope 
to  reach  the  understanding  of  the  in- 
ner life  of  the  people. 

Childishly        Ignorant 
of  Southern  Neighbors 

One  can  hardly  win  his  allegiance 
and  sympathy  when  one  pictures  him 
as  a  savage  or  a  colored  man,  lover 
principally  of  revolutions  and  bull- 
fights. Neither  can  one  have  much  in 
influence  in  a  land  of  which  we  are 
as  childishly  ignorant  as,  in  the  United 
States,  we  are  today  of  our  southern 
neighbors. 

It  is  also  possible  to  paint  a  too  ro- 
seate picture  of  commercial  opportun- 
ity in  South  America.  Those  who  rep- 
resent it  as  the  unadulterated  Land  of 
Promise  and  an  Eldorado  wherein  for- 
tunes can  be  had  for  the  asking,  should 
also  show  the  other  side  of  the  field, 
making  their  readers  as  certain  of  the 
obstacles  and  conditions  of  success  as 
of  the  attractive  possibilities. 

South  America  is  waiting  for  popu- 
lation, but  this  does  not  mean  that 
every  kind  of  an  American  is  needed 
down  there,  or  that  men  sent  there 
promiseuosly,  without  careful  prepara- 
tion, succeed.  The  list  of  South  Amer- 
ican failures  is  a  long  one.  If  one 
doubts  this -statement  let  him  talk  with 
any  American  consul  who  has  served 
any  length  of  time  in  that  country. 
The  consul's  sympathy,  ingenuity  and 
pocketbook  have  been  thoroughly  ex- 
ercised in  the  attempt  to  get  well 
meaning  but  misinformed  Americans 
"back  to  the  States." 

CaprUil     Is     Needed 
To  Unlock  Resources 

South  America  is  indeed  an  Eldo- 
rado. It  has  untold  wealth  in  mines, 
in  agricultural  lands,  in  forests,  in  cat- 
tle and  sheep,  in  tropical  products  of 
almost  every  kind  and  description.  Its 
matchless  resources  have  hardly  been 
discovered  as  yet  in  many  sections,  but 
the  reason  for  this,  it  should  be  stated 
plainly,  lies  in  the  fact  that  there  are 
huge  walls  of  difficulty  to  be  climbed, 
and  without  capital,  brains  and  in- 
domitable courage,  the  door  to  these 
riches  cannot  be  unlocked. 

The  pioneer  American  finds  in  South 
America,  as  he  has  found  in  the  Philip- 
pines, that,  no  matter  how  rich  in  nat- 
ural resources  may  be  the  section  of 
his  selection,  without  means  of  trans- 
portation his  investment  is  absolutely 
without  value.  Good  roads,  railroads, 
country  highways,  even  ox  carts  and 
cattle  roads  are  among  the  first  neces- 
sities in  South  America  today. 

(Continued  on  page  205) 


202 


Pan     Pacific 


Credit  is  Large  Factor  in  Commerce  of 

Dutch  EaSt  IndieS-Writes  John  A.  Fowler 


CREDIT  is  a  large  factor  in  the 
commercial  transactions  within 
the  Dutch  East  Indies  and  often  takes 
precedence  over  price,  especially  in 
the  smaller  transactions  between  the 
shopkeepers  and  the  natives,  and  is 
used  as  a  powerful  lever  in  getting 
and  holding  trade. 

The  Chinese,  Arabs  and  Malays,  who 
do  practically  all  of  the  small  business 
of  the  archipelago,  are  the  collectors 
of  the  native  products  and  the  dis- 
tributors of  "Western  manufacturers, 
and  their  efforts  to  get  credit  from 
the  importers  and  jobbers  enable  them 
to  speculate  in  these  native  products. 
They  are  successful  to  an  extent  that 
would  be  dangerous  unless  covered  by 
price  margins  sufficiently  large  to 
cover  the  added  risks. 

One  example  which  is  illustrative  of 
practically  all  purchasing  of  native 
products  is  the  trade  in  hides  and 
skins.  In  Java,  where  a  great  part  of 
the  stock  is  raised,  skins  are  often 
sold  as  soon  as  the  stock  is  born,  and 
sometimes  before.  These  purchases 
are  not  made  by  the  exporters  directly, 
but  by  the  small  dealers  and  larger 
Asiatic  speculators,  generally  Chinese 
and  Arabs,  who  have  shops  where  they 
sell  all  sorts  of  goods  for  native  use. 
These  traders  buy  on  as  long  terms  of 
credit  as  possible  from  the  import 
houses,  which,  in  turn,  have  financial 
affiliations  with  the  export  houses,  the 
final  purchasers  of  the  hides. 

European  Manufacturers 
Encouraged  Long  Credits 
Before  the  war  European  manufac- 
turers and  importers  encouraged  the 
Dutch  East  Indies  importers  in  taking 
long  credits,  and  much  of  the  commer- 
cial paper  was  discounted  by  the  local 
banks  at  very  good  profits.  Bargain- 
ing was  and  is  resorted  to  in  many  of 
these  transactions,  and  the  system  fol- 
lowed by  the  banks  of  doing  business 
with  the  smaller  houses,  which  have 
no  access  to  the  facilities  offered  by 
the  big  financial  institutions,  is  not  to 
level  the  risk  by  requiring  deposits  or 
hypothecations,  but  to  make  the  risk 
a  possible  one  and  then  charge  a  rate 
according  to  the  circumstances. 

One  bank  claims  that  it  never  buys 
paper  without  recourse  to  the  seller 
unless  certain  indorsements,  supposed 
to  cover  remote  conditions,  are  made, 
and  even  then  from  3^  to  7  per  cent 
is  charged  for  the  accommodation,  and 
that  it  charges  an  additional  1  per 
cent  above  the  ordinary  bank  interest 
on  commercial  paper  bearing  the  name 
of  the  seller  and  the  buyer.  Little 
business  could  be  done  with  the  larger 
houses  on  such  terms  as  these,  and  it 


Mr.  Fowler  is  the  new  United  Slates 
Trade  Commissioner  to  the  Dutch  East 
Indies,  and  is  Well  known  on  the  Pacific 
Coast. 


may  be  taken  that  these  rates  are  the 
penalty  some  houses  have  to  pay  for 
doing  an  unattractively  small  volume 
of  business  or  as  a  gauge  of  the  addi- 
tional risk  involved. 

With  the  war  came  an  entire  change 
in  the  credit  system  in  this  colony,  and 
when  the  buyers  went  to  America  for 
their  supplies  they  were  faced  with  a 
demand  for  confirmed  bankers'  credits, 
irrevocable  and  unlimited,  subject  to 
draft  against  shipping  documents  at 
port  of  embarkation  or  at  some  inland 
point.  The  larger  houses,  whose  busi- 
ness was  attractive  to  the  banks,  were 
asked  to  place  deposits  against  those 
credits,  but  the  smaller  houses  were 
required  to  make  deposits  to  cover  the 
possible  fluctuations  in  price,  some- 
times amounting  to  25  per  cent  and 
even  more.  Before  the  signing  of  the 
armistice  large  sums  of  money  much 
needed  for  other  purposes  were  tied 
up  in  this  way  by  the  smaller  houses. 
Vast  Quantities  of  Cargo 
Are  Awaiting  Shipment 
There  are  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
tons  of  cargo  here  awaiting  shipment 
to  all  parts  of  the  world.  It  takes 
two  to  three  weeks  and  sometimes  more 
for  an  ordinary  firm  offer  to  be  made 
and  accepted  by  cable.  There  are  still 
congestions  of  stocks  either  within  the 
colony  or  pressing  for  admitance  from 
Singapore  and  the  China  coast  cities, 
but  in  spite  of  all  this  there  are  defi- 
nite signs  of  an  approach  to  normal 
conditions.  "While  these  will  not  be 
the  normal  conditions  of  pre-war  days, 
they  will  contain  elements  of  normal 
risk  and  normal  profits,  and  these  con- 
ditions will  be  welcomed  by  the  Dutch 
merchants.  An  outstanding  feature  of 
the  present  situation  is  the  healthy 
financial  status  of  the  business  houses, 
and  credits  were  never  in  better  shape 
than  they  are  today. 

There  are  several  heavily  financed 
banking  institutions  in  the  Dutch  East 
Indies  in  a  position  to  give  every  local 
banking  accommodation  necessary  for 
the  transaction  of  the  business  of  the 
colony.  These  banks  have  grown  out 
of  the  old  agricultural  organizations 
and  are  today  the  apexes  of  large  com- 
binations of  sugar,  tobacco  and  other 
agricultural  undertakings.  Only  two 
of  them,  however,  are  important  in 
general  banking;  besides  these  there 
are  two  new  but  amply  financed  banks, 
which    handle    the    smaller    business 


these   big  institutions   do  not  care   to 
do. 

These  latter  banks  are  much  closer 
to  the  smaller  business  of  the  colony, 
and  by  careful  attention  to  credits 
have  done  much  to  facilitate  the  move- 
ment of  stocks  by  the  smaller  concerns. 
There  are  two  British  banks  (the  Char- 
tered Bank  of  India,  Australia  and 
China  and  the  Hongkong  and  Shang- 
hai Banking  Corporation),  two  Japa- 
nese banks  (the  Yokohama  Specie 
Bank  and  the  Bank  of  Taiwan),  and 
within  the  last  two  years  the  Interna- 
tional Banking  Corporation  has  opened 
branches  in  Soerbaya  and  Batavia. 
Easy  To  Get  Reports 
On  Any  Corporation 

All  these  banks  have  representation 
in  the  United  States  either  through 
branches  there  or  through  the  big 
banking  institutions  of  the  larger  com- 
mercial centers,  and  it  is  possible  to 
get  bankers'  reports  on  any  mercan- 
tile institution  in  the  Dutch  East  In- 
dies through  any  of  these  sources  that 
will  be  exact  and  authoritative. 

The  large  Dutch  houses  appreciate 
the  liberal  cash  discounts  available  to 
them  in  America  and  almost  invariably 
take  advantage  of  them,  but  there  are 
smaller  houses  well  worthy  of  the  cus- 
tomary credits  not  in  a  position .  to 
take  advantage  of  these  discounts,  al- 
though they  constitute  an  important 
part  of  the  distributing  system  of  this 
colony.  They  must  receive  their  ship- 
ments on  terms  that  will  allow  them 
to  place  their  goods  in  warehouses, 
where  they  can  borrow  on  them  from 
the  local  banks  when  the  bills  fall  due. 

This  means  generally  thirty  days  ac- 
ceptance, and  to  permit  a  customer  to 
take  delivery  of  a  shipment  before  he 
pays  for  it  requires  a  knowledge  not 
only  of  his  financial  standing  but  of 
his  habits  of  doing  business.  At  the 
present  time  it  is  very  difficult  to  get 
information  of  this  nature,  as  the 
Dutch  banks  hesitate  to  go  into  details 
of  this  kind,  and  the  American  bank 
is  so  new  to  the  field  that  much  of  this 
knowledge  is  not  yet  available  to  it. 

American  credit  agencies  have  here 
a  field  that  is  new  to  them  but  very 
important  to  American  business  inter- 
ests, and  one  that  might  be  very  profit- 
able, as  there  is  a  volume  of  business 
to  be  done  that  would  warrant  liberal 
payment  for  reliable  information  of 
this  kind,  and  American  business 
houses  will  not  be  able  to  hold  their 
share  of  this  trade  unless  they  are  on 
an  even  footing  in  this  respect  with 
British,  French,  German  and  other 
firms  who  will  contest  for  every  dol- 
lar's worth  of  trade  in  the  Dutch  East 
Indies. 


March    I  920 


203 


L'iro nun ilium itiiimiimiiiiiiiiiniii mini iiuuimiiuiiiiuinniiuiiu iiiiiiiimitmiimimii ii;iiiiiiiiinmr;       wnmniinniimiimnnlliiiii nm n iimiuiiiimiimuiMUii limn tumuiiuntuuumuuiunuuiuuiiiuiumiimimi>£ 


Standard  Products  Company 

Asiatic — Import  and  Export 
Head  Office  260  CALIFORNIA  ST.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Representatives  of  § 

AMERICAN  MANUFACTURERS 

EXCLUSIVE   ORIENTAL   DISTRIBUTORS   OP 

"EVERSHARP"   PENCIL   AND   "TEMPOINT" 

FOUNTAIN  PEN 

I    IMPORTERS  OF  Raw  Materials  and  Food  Products  from  China    j 
and  the  Philippines 


{    STANDARD  PRODUCTS  CO. 
14  Canton  Road 

Shanghai,  China 

I 

i 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  CO. 
15  Plaza  Goiti 
Manila,  P.  I. 


ASSOCIATE  COMPANY 

Hongkong  Mercantile  Co.,  Hongkong,  China 

1  i 

&11IIIUUIIIIIIIIIIMIlIlllllllllIlltlilllMI!IIIIIIIJIIlllllIlllllllllllltllllllllllllltIllllllllllllIllltllllllllltllltlJlltllltilllllllllllltlllIlllltllllllltllllllllllllllllJiR 


Parent  Company 
I     Established  1867 


Resources  Over     5 
$1,000,000 


I    Associated  Manufacturers    I 
!  Importing  Co. 

Manufacturers'  Representatives 
IMPORTERS  and  EXPORTERS 

IMPORTS 

Chinaware,  Crockery,  Bnamelware, 
Matches,  Paper,  Vegetable  Oils, 
Essential  Oils,  Hides,  Brushes, 
Bristles,  Rattan,  Copra,  Kapok, 
Produce        and        Raw        Materials 

EXPORTS 

Steel  Sheets,  Bars,  Nails,  Wire  and 
all  Steel  Products,  Hardware  and 
Tools,  Aluminum,  Rosin,  Borax, 
Caustic  Soda  and  Chemicals,  Dyes, 
California  Food  Products  and  all 
Raw  Materials. 

r,able  Address:  "AMICO,"  San  Francisco 

All  Codes 

j   871   Market   Street,    San   Francisco,    Cal.,   U.   S.   A.   | 

^MiininniinnMinniniiiiniiniiniiniiiniininiinniininniininnnniininiiiininnniinniniiiniiiiiiniiniiiininniininnniiiiinnninniiiniiiii7 


a i nun i i mimiimim in mini i iimiimiiiiimiimiiiiiim minim n nnmnniimiinm inmnnnm mm tminmnmininmimimiimimnniinnii imiinii iiimimiinim minium. 


Imperial  Japanese 

and 

United  States 

Mail  Line 


mmmm 


The  Semi-Tropic 

Route  Along  the 

Pathway  of 

the  Sun 


(ORIENTAL        STEAMSHIP         CO.) 

FROM  SAN  FRANCISCO  TO  JAPAN,  CHINA  AND  PHILIPPINES 

Calling  at  Honolulu,  Yokohama,  Kohe,  Nagasaki,  Manila,  Hongkong,  Shanghai 
Fast  and  frequent  service  by  the 

S.   S.  "SHINYO   MARU"  S.  T.  "TENYO   MARU" 

22,000  Tons.     Triple   Screw   Turbine,  21    knots.  22,000  Tons.     Triple   Screw  Turbine,  21    knots. 

S.  S.  "KOREA"  S.   S.   "SIBERIA   MARU" 

20,000  Tons.     Twin  Screw,  18   knots.  ,  20,000  Tons.     Twin  Screw,  18  knots 

SOUTH   AMERICAN    LINE 
The  only   Regular  Direct   Service  between  the  Orient    (Hongkong,    Moji,    Kobe,    Yokohama),   Hawaii    (Honolulu),    San    Francisco,    San    Pedro 
(Los  Angeles).   Mexico   (Salina  Cruz).  Panama  (Balboa),  and  South  America   (Callao,  Arlca,   Iquique.    Valparaiso) 

S.   S.   "Anyo    Maru"   18,500  Tons  S.   S.    "Kiyo    Mam"  17,200  Tons  S.  S.  "Seiyo   Maru"  14,400  Tons 

HEAD  OFFICE:  TOKYO,  JAPAN 

GENERAL    OFFICES    FOR    UNITED    STATES  NEW   YORK   OFFICE 

625  Market  St.,  San   Francisco  165  Broadway     , 


S.  S.  "SHINYO  MARU" 

~.,iiiiiiiinimniiiiiimniiiiiminiiniinimnn iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiMiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiinviiniiiiiiiMiiitiiiiiiiiiMiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiuim ininiimiiminniiimnniimmnmiiiin iiiiiiiiiiniiiimiimmiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiniiMimniinil 


204 


Pan    Pacific 


^'iinimii iimiiiinimii iiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiinii! tiimiimiiiiiimimiimimiiimiiiiiiiimiimimiiiiiiimimiimimiiiiiii MM 

SHOES      | 

MEN'S,  LADIES' AND 
CHILDREN'S 

SHOES 

TENNIS  and  OUTING  SHOES    ! 

also 
RUBBER  BOOTS  and  SHOES    | 

on  hand  for  immediate  shipment 


|  MARVIN  SHOE  CO.,  Inc.  | 

Shoes  Wholesale 

I  216  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  U.  S.  A.   I 

Cable  Address  "VINMAR"  Bentley  Code 

^iitiiitiiiiiniiMiiiiiiiNiiiMiitMiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiniiiiiiniiiMiHiiiniiiiiiiHiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiir- 

-£litllllllll<llllllll<lllllllllllltlllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIIIIIIIIM1llllltllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIllllllllllll^ 

Investments  in  Hawaii 

Pay  Dividends 

The  First  Trust  Company,  Ltd. 

Hilo,  Hawaii,  T.  H. 

May  be  trusted  to  answer  inquiries 
promptly  and  frankly 

STOCKS  —  BONDS  —  REALTY 
General  Insurance 

fiiiiiiniiniiuiiiniiuiiiliiiuiiiniiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniii!iiiinin!ii[iiiiiiii[iiiiiii!iiituiiiiiitjiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiii]iiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiii!!iiiMiiiiiiif]iimiin7 


Cables:      MULTIGRAPH,   New   York 

Reduce  Cable  Bills 


5  LETTER  TELE.  CODES 
Two  Phases  —  One  Word ! 


Bensinger  Headquarters  Offer 

Add  postage  50c  to  destination 

A  B  CODE  5th  Ed.  with  2  WOEDS  IN  1  CONDENSEE  $12.00 

ABC  CODE,  5th  Ed.,  $12.00 5-letter  Code  $18.00 

Commercial  Telegraph  Code  and  Cable 5-letter  Code     15.00 

General  Telegraph  Code  5-letter  Code     20.00 

Lieber's   Standard,   $10.00 5-letter  Code     15.00 

Simplex  Standard  5-letter  Code       8.00 

West.  Union,  Universal,  $19.50  5-letter  Code     30.00 

Specially   Suitable — Universally   Adopted 

BENTLEY  S  COMPLETE  PHRASE  CODE      -    $8.60 

SOON    $15.00.     ORDER    NOW 

TRAVELERS'  POCKET  EDITION      ....    $7.65 

More  Than  50%   Saving  Over  Cabling   Verbatim 
Many  copies  of  the  so-called  "Improved  Bentley"  are  sold  at  $25.00, 
due   to   "persuasive   tongues."       Remember   these   $8.60   copies   are 
fully  guaranteed  or  money  back  if  not  perfect. 

INTERNATIONAL  13  FIGURE  CODE  CONDENSER 

unexcelled   for  cabling  with   Orient,   South  America,   etc., 
two  copies,  $10.00;  twelve  copies,   $40.00 

C.  BENSINGER  PACIFIC  CO. 

CODEBOOK  SPECIALISTS 

REFERENCES:  Dunn's,  Bradstreet's,  U.  S.  Mortgage  &  Trust  Co. 
American  Exchange  National  Bank 

19  WHITEHALL  ST.,  NEW  YORK 

"Antique"  Codes  Taken  in  Part  Payment 
CONSULT   US   ON    PRICES    FOR   ANY   CODES 


:jlllNili!llilllimilimH!iiiiiiimiiiiiiMiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiuii!iiiiniiniiiiinmiiiiiiiiii!iHimiiiiiiimimiiM 


MOTOR  CAR  PARTS 

STANDARD  AND  OVERSIZE  PISTONS,  PISTON  RINGS  AND  PISTON  PINS  FOR 

IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 


Valves  and  Cages  for  Buicks.     Valves  for  Dodge,  Studebaker,  Overland,  Oakland  and  Oldsmobile.    Bronze  and 
Babbitt  Bushings.    Differential  and  Transmission  Gears  for  all  Popular  Cars  at  a  Saving  from  20  to  100  Per  Cent. 


JAMES  E.  INGLLS  CO.,  Inc. 


FACTORY  REPRESENTATIVE— TO  TRADE  ONLY 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


CALIFORNIA 


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M 


arc 


h    1920 


Japan  Advancing 
In  Steel  Industry 

(Continued  from  page  197) 

production  of  just  one-half  of  its 
needs. 

The  government's  energetic  leader, 
ship  in  the  industry  was  prompted  by 
a  keen  appreciation  of  the  importance 
of  iron  and  steel,  not  only  in  time  of 
war  but  for  the  general  industrial  de- 
velopment of  the  country.  Until  the 
war  boom  this  second  enterprise,  like 
the  earlier  one,  had  never  been  able 
to  make  both  ends  meet. 

Not  being  primarily  a  business  ven- 
ture, it  had  to  dispose  of  its  products 
to  the  other  government  departments 
at  less  than  market  prices.  To  it  fell 
also  the  task  of  leading  the  wary  in 
all  sorts  of  difficult  and  untried  lines, 
with  profits  as  a  secondary  considera- 
tion. It  also  undertook  to  give  as- 
sistance to  private  concerns  by  lend- 
ing experts  and  training  mechanics 
for  them. 

Private  enterprise,  which  had  been 
fagging  before  the  war.  was  quick  to 
respond.  Practically  all  of  the  firms 
ex' ended  their  operations,  and  new 
companies  were  promoted  by  the  score. 
In  fact,  the  outstanding  feature  of  the 
period  was  the  rapid  rise  to  promi- 
nence of  a  number  of  private  enter- 
prises, some  of  which  may  possibly 
outstrip  the  government  works  in  the 
near  future.  In  March.  1919,  the  total 
capital  invested  in  new  concerns  was 
estimated  to  be  about  330,000,000  yen 
exclusive  of  investments  by  the  gov- 
ernment   in   its   enterprise. 


thing  to  be  obtained  in  the  business 
world  today,  is  confidence— and  no 
factor  can  so  greatly  bring  together 
and  cement  the  future  relations  of 
another  as  personal  contact.  It  be- 
hooves us  to  grasp  this  opportunity 
and  send  not  only  representatives  but 
principals  themselves.  By  doing  this, 
we  not  only  renew  old  friendships,  but 
build  up  future  relations  with  others 
that  neither  time,  competition,  nor 
other  factors  may  change. 


205 

Foreign  Trade  Council  and  is  at  pres- 
ent organizing  the  foreign  trade  in- 
terests of  Portland  for  attendance  at 
the  Foreign  Trade  Convention  in  San 
Francisco  May  12  next. 


Free  Port  Would 
Give  Trade  Impetus 

(Continued  from  page  199) 

Increased  banking  facilities  in  for- 
eign trade  is  another  factor  that  we 
must  accept  in  the  light  of  a  great 
medium  through  which  our  foreign 
trade  will  be  developed.  There  is  a 
good  old  American  saying  that  "Busi- 
ness follows  the  flag" — this  is  equally 
true  in  the  thought  that  business  will 
also  come  through  our  banking 
branches. 

We  must  use  every  effort  possible 
by  legislation  and  otherwise  to  insist 
upon  the  most  efficient  service  by 
cable  and  wireless  companies;  there 
can  be  hardly  any  greater  handicap 
to  foreign  trade,  today,  than  ineffic- 
ient services  in  these  two  branches  of 
public  service. 

Although  we  have  been  offered  lib- 
eral aid  by  our  Government  in  in- 
creasing our  trade,  nothing  could  be 
of  greater  interest  to  our  future  than 
having  our  merchants  visit  foreign 
fields  and  come  in  personal  contact 
with    foreign    traders.      The    greatest 


A.   C.   CALLAN 

A  PORTLAND  LIVE  WIRE 

THE  Pacific  International  Company 
of  Portland  has  been  brought  to 
its  present  high  standing  in  the  foreign 
markets,  through  the  efforts  of  its  sec- 
retary and  treasurer,  A.  C.  Callan. 

Mr.  Callan  is  well  known  to  the  iron 
and  steel  trade  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  as 
he  was  for  many  years  manager  for  the 
Pacific  Hardware  &  Steel  Company, 
and  since  branching  out  for  himself, 
has  developed  a  large  domestic  busi- 
ness in  steel  and  iron  products  from 
Portland  and  through  the  Seattle 
office  of  Callan  &  Fortier. 

Recognizing  the  wonderful  possi- 
bilities of  foreign  trade  from  the  Pa- 
cific Coast,  Mr.  Callan,  with  his  pres- 
ent associates,  organized  the  Pacific 
International  Company  and  the  Colum- 
bia Pacific  Shipping  Company,  being 
also  director  of  this  latter  very  active 
corporation.  Both  firms  are  well  es- 
tablished throughout  the  world  and 
are  in  the  front  rank  of  Pacific  Coast 
operators.  Both  are  Portland  enter- 
prises. 

Mr.  Callan  is  counselor  for  the 
United  States  Chamber  of  Commerce 
and  a  vice-president  of  the  National 


Resources  of  Peru 
Offer  Opportunities 

(Continued  from  page  200) 

meet  the  demands  of  the  country 
which  averages  about  110,000  tons  an- 
nually. 

In  order  to  obtain  the  full  develop- 
ment of  the  country's  resources,  it  is 
necessary  to  have  foreign  capital  and 
more  immigration. 

The  government  has,  at  present  un- 
der consideration  the  construction  of 
15  large  roads  in  order  to  connect  im- 
portant producing  centers  with  the 
coast.  A  railroad  from  Lima  to  Lurin 
has  just  been  completed,  and  there 
are  under  construction  four  more  rail- 
roads, among  them  one  from  Huan- 
cayo  Ayacucho,  a  distance  of  about 
400  kilometers;  the  government  has 
just  segregated  from  the  national  bud- 
get the  taxes  collected  from  tobacco, 
which  produces  about  two  million  dol- 
lars annually  in  order  to  devote  it  to 
the  building  of  railroads. 
o 

South  Africa 

Calls  for  Capital 

(Continued  from  page  201) 

In  many  parts  of  these  countries  the 
opportunities  at  present  are  chiefly,  if 
not  entirely,  for  men  of  large  capital. 
It  must  be  remembered  that  the  Amer- 
ican will  find  more  than  his  match  in 
small  shopkeeping  in  the  present-day 
Portuguese  and  the  Spaniard,  who  are 
natural-born  shopkeepers,  and  are  sat- 
isfied with  a  smaller  gain. 

A  big  department  store,  like  a  big 
hotel,  would  have  an  excellent  chance 
in  nearly  any  one  of  the  larger  South 
American  cities.  The  only  city  in 
South  America  which  possesses  a  de- 
partment store  to  be  compared  to  the 
greater  ones  of  North  America  is  Bu- 
enos Aires,  and  virtually  the  same 
thing  could  be  said  concerning  hotels. 
As  to  agriculture  and  colonizing,  the 
average  American  feels  decidedly  out 
of  place  in  trying  to  compete  with  the 
European  peasant  on  the  rolling  hills 
of  Rio  Grande  do  Sul  or  on  the  flat 
levels  of  Argentina.  The  American 
farmer  demands  a  standard  of  living, 
with  schools  for  his  children  and 
things  which  are  to  him  necessities  of 
life  which  are  not  found  in  the  agri- 
cultural sections  of  these  countries. 

For  the  big  industrialists  or  captains 
of  industry  the  doors  are  wide  open. 
South  America  needs  new  municipal 
plants,  new  dock  works,  railroads  to 
penetrate  the  interior,  banks,  mills  and 
manufacturing  enterprises  and  public 
service  of  almost  every  kind. 


206 


Pan    Pacific 


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GLASSWARE!) 

(FOR  TABLE  AND  SIDEBOARD) 

Dinner  Services 
Vitrified  Hotel  China 

The  three  CHOICEST  PRODUCTS  In  the  world 

DIRECT   FROM    FACTORY  TO   DEALER 

(I  am  prepared  to  fill  orders  at  once  for  any  quantity.  Write  for     1 
catalogue  and  prices  TODAY.    Correspondence  in  any  language)     I 

FACTOEIES:     Fostoria  Glass  Company 

Edwin  M.   Knowles  China  Company 
Buffalo  Pottery 
Cable  Address:     "HEASTAND" 

B.  F.  HEASTAND 


=   618  Mission  Street 


San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 


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giimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiii iiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiii^ 

|      KAAS-HOPKINS.  CO.      I 

PAPER  MILL  SELLING  AGENTS 
Hearst  Building  San  Francisco,  Cal.    | 

PROTECTIVE    PAPERS— Vegetable    Parchment,    Glassine,    ! 

(Parchmyn),  Parcnmoid. 
CREPE  PAPERS— Napkins,  Plain  or  Decorated;  Crepe,  Plain    I 

or  Decorated;  Toilet. 
WAX  PAPERS— While,  Colored,  Plain  or  Printed. 
GLAZED   PAPERS   for    Boxmakers,   etc.       White,    Colors,    j 

Embossed,  Novelties.  | 

1     PHOTOGRAPHIC  COVER  PAPERS  and  Mount  Board. 
WRITING  PAPERS— Bonds,  Ledgers,  Flats,  Typewriter  Papers, 
We  Solicit  Export  Inquiries  from  the  Trade.     Samples  and  Quo-    1 
unions  Promptly  Furnished  on  Request 

aiumiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii miiiiniimiiuiimimimii? 


i^.V 


WE  ARE  KNOWN 

THROUGHOUT 

THE  ENTIRE  WORLD 

THE  LARGEST  DISTRIBUTORS 

OF 

QUALITY  FILMS 

IN 

FOREIGN  FIELDS 

AND  CONTROL  THE  OUTPUT  OF  THE 
LARGEST  AMERICAN  MANUFACTURERS 

OF 

MOTION  PICTURES 


INTERr OCEAN  FILM] 


't^i^ii'r    v-e<M»*>ORATK3N^4/  *'&»+* 


LONDON,  ENG. 


PABIS,  FRANCE 


f£>^^5S^^>^*SS*g^SB*^£g^gsS^ 


INTERNATIONAL    BUSINESS 
DEPARTMENT 

of  the 

|  BANK  OF  ITALY  | 

— The  First  on  the  Pacific  Coast — 

|       Has  been  organized  for  the  purpose  of  aiding  all  who  are 
|       interested  in  WORLD  TRADE  EXPANSION. 

We  furnish  information  concerning  market  conditions, 
credit  standing,  transportation  costs  and  routing,  customs 
requirements,  duties,   etc. 

The   Foreign   Exchange    Department,    under    the    manage- 
ment of  J.  Allen  Palmer,  for  years  with  the  National  City 
Bank    of    New    York,    in    New    York,    Russia  and  Italy,  is 
equipped  to  finance  exports  to,  and  imports  from,  any  part 
of  the  globe  along  the  line  of  up-to-date  banking  methods. 
Both   of  these   departments   are  under  the   supervision  of 
|       John  J.  Arnold,  a  recognized  authority  on  International  Re-       1 
|       lations,  who  for   many  years  was  in  charge  of  the   foreign       I 
|       business  of  tlic  First  National  Bank  of  Chicago. 
Conferences  and  correspondence  invited. 

BANK  OF  ITALY 

|       Capital  paid  in  $     6,000,000.00       1 

|       Resources,  over  137,000,000.00       | 

HEAD  OFFICE:     SAN  FRANCISCO 

21  Banking  Offices  in  Eighteen  California  Cities 

Correspondents  throughout  the   world 

ftutiiiHHiiffUJiiiiimitiiiiiiHniiiiauuKaiiiiiiMiniiiiiiifniHiikMiniHiiimiiniiHfimiininiiiiimnmiHiiiHiimitMimiiiimtniHmtiimiiHiinniJl 

^•iiiiiiiiilliiiilitiliiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuini iiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiif 

|  MATSON  LINE  | 

San  Francisco  to 
Honolulu  Manila 

Freight  and    Passenger  Service  I 

Rates  and  Sailings  upon  Application 


MATSON  NAVIGATION   CO. 


120  Market  Street 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


-,  1 1  III  I IIIHIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIHIII  III!  1 1111111111111111 1  Mil  Mill  lllimill IIIIIIIIIIIIHMIIMIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIfllllllllllllllllllllMlllllllllllllllh' 

^ri  ttjiimiir  ■iiniiiiiiiitii  ttint  in  tt  in  tiiitiiu  t  iii  t  mi  jikiiiiiiii  tjiiiiinif  nif  ii  tt  mi  t  iiimiii  iiiitiiMiiiittiiri  iirmii  tiiiiiiiifaiiriiii  tisiiiiiirturtimi  tiiitiiiii^ 

C.  HENRY  SMITH 


MAIN  OFFICE: 

I   311  CALIFORNIA  STREET  San  Francisco,  Cal.    j 

Shipping  and  Commission  Merchants 
Steamship  Agent  and  Ship  Owner 

EXPORT   AND    IMPORT 

All    Code*.     Code   Address:   CHENRYINC 
rXllinilMIMIIlUUlUIIIUJItUUinillllliUiJJlUil(llliUllinilinilUIIIUIIIHM(llllinilUIIIHIIIIfilMMirrillll)lllltlllUMinPII(llllfPIIII(lllltllllll(MII<tlMlllfR 


March    1920 


207 


DIRECTORY  SECTION 

PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  publish  each  month  in  this   section,   for   the   con- 
venience of  its  readers,  the  following  directories: 

EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

ADVERTISED  MERCHANDISE 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS  AND  BROKERS 

CONNECTIONS   WANTED  AGENCIES  WANTED 

MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES  AND  BROKERS 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS 

A  directory  of  leading  export  and  import  concerns  covering  the  Far  East  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Readers  of  this  publication  will  find  it  much  to  their  advantage  to  consult  the  concerns  listed  when  desiring  proper 
sources  of  supply. 


THE  ACME  WIRE  COMPANY,  39  Cortlandt 
St..  New  York  City,  New  York.  Magnet  wire, 
Held  coils,  electro  magnets,  etc.  Western  Union 
Code.     Cable  address  "ACME." 

ADDRESSOGRAPH  COMPANY,  740  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Addressing 
machines;  type  embossing  machines  and  rubber 
type.  Code:  A.  B.  C.  Cable  address  "AD- 
DltliSSO." 

ALHICIMIILL  COAL,  &  CLAY  COMPANY,  Pa- 
ri fie  lOlectric  Building.  Los  Angeles,  California. 
Manufacturers  and  exporters  of  Alberhill  Com- 
pounded Clays  suitable  for  the  manufacture  of 
high  grade  refractories,  hotel  china  and  white 
ware,  etc. 

AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY,  120  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  New  York.  Branch  at  San 
Francisco.  Ash,  paper  and  garbage  cans;  add- 
ing machines,  fly  traps,  cartons,  tin  boxes,  cigar 
and  tobacco  boxes,  jar  caps;  druggists'  tinware, 
etc.  Western  Union  and  Lieber's  codes.  Cable 
address  "AMCANCO." 


THE  AMERICAN  LAUNDRY  MACHINE 
COMPANY,  132  West  Twenty-seventh  St.,  New 
York  City,  New  York.  Laundry  machinery,  dry 
cleaning  machinery,  washing  machines,  garment 
presses  for  tailors,  etc.  Cable  address  "ALM- 
CO." 


THE  AMERICAN  PULLEY  COMPANY,  33 
Greene  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York.  Pressed 
steel  split  belt  pulleys,  reels,  beams,  spools,  steel 
truck  wheels,  pressed  metal  shapes,  etc.  Codes, 
Lieber's  and  Western  Union.  Cable  address, 
"AMER-rULLET." 


THE  AMERICAN  STEEL  PACKAGE  COM- 
PANY, 20  Vesey  St.,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
Steel  barrels  and  drums  for  gasoline,  oil  and 
chemicals;  steel  cases  with  partitions  for  bot- 
tled goods.  Code:  Western  Union.  Cable  ad- 
dress  "AMPAX,B5   Defiance,   Ohio. 

AMERICAN  VULCANIZED  FIBRE  COM- 
PANY, Wilmington,  Delaware.  Vulcanized  fibre 
in  sheets,  rods  and  tubes,  insulators,  waste  bas- 
kets, warehouse  trucks,  trunks,  suitcases,  etc. 
Codes:  Lieper's  Western  Union,  General  Tele- 
graph and  A  1.     Cable  address  "FIBRE." 

ANSCO  COMPANY,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
Photographic  paper,  films,  cameras,  chemicals, 
dry  plates,  etc.  Foreign  agent,  Ansco  Limited, 
143  Great  Portland  St.,  London,  W.,  England. 
Codes:  A.  B.  C,  Lieber's  Standard  and  Western 
Union.     Cable  address   "ANSCO." 

THE  ARLINGTON  COMPANY,  725  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  New  York.  Celluloid  in 
sheets,  rods,  tubes,  brushes,  combs,  mirrors, 
toilet  sets,  collars,  cuffs,  pipe  bits  and  harness 
rings.     Cable    address    "PYRALIN." 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  CO.,  620  South 
Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Growers,  ex- 
porters and  importers  of  all  kinds  of  seeds. 
Cable  address  "JONMUS," 


ASSOCIATED  MANUFACTURERS  IMPORT- 
ING COMPANY,  871  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
California.  Manufacturers'  representatives,  im- 
porters a~*d  exporters.  Import  chinaware, 
crockery,  ^namel  ware,  oils,  hides,  brushes, 
produce  and  raw  materials.  Export  steel,  iron, 
steel  products,  hardware,  tools,  chemicals,  dyes, 
food  products  and  all  raw  materials.  Cable  ad- 
dress "AMICO." 

CHAS.  A.  BACON  COMPANY,  417  Montgom- 
ery St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  Ex- 
porters.    General   Merchandise. 

EDWARD  BARRY  COMPANY,  215  Leidsdorft 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Wholesale  paper  deal- 
ers. Manufacturers  of  writing  tablets,  loose 
leaf  systems,  ruled  goods,  blank  books.  Whole- 
sale bookbinders. 

BARHOLOMEW  VIOLA,  309  Broadway,  New 
York.  Consulting  and  exporting  engineer.  Full 
equipments  of  industrial  plants,  sugar  machin- 
ery, chemical  apparatus.  Wire  requirements  by 
cable  "Vimecons." 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES,  225 
Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  New  York. 
"Beaver  Board,"  a  wall  board  for  interior  con- 
struction; blackboards,  varnishes,  etc.  Codes: 
Western  Union,  A.  B.  C.  and  Fifth  Improved 
editions.     Cable   address    "BEAVER." 

BRADEN  PRESERVING  COMPANY,  455  So. 
Raymond  Street,  Pasadena,  California.  Manu- 
facturers of  citrus  and  deciduous  fruit  products. 
Exporters  of  California  fruit  products,  jam,  pre- 
serves, orange  mamalade,  honey,  olives,  dried 
tigs  and  walnuts.  Products  are  especially  packed 
in  glass  and  enamel  lined  tins  in  wooden  cases 
properly  strapped  for  export.  Open  for  connec- 
tions. Cable  address  "BRADEN'S,"  Pasadena, 
Cal. 

BRAUN  -  KNECHT  -  HEIMANN  COMPANY, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Importers  and  ex- 
porters of  chemicals.  Laboratory  apparatus  for 
mines,  universities  and  schools.  Sugar,  soap, 
wine,  oils,  iron  and  steel.  Correspondence  so- 
licited.    Cable  address  "BRAUNDRUG." 

BROWN  PAPER  GOODS  COMPANY,  224 
West  Huron  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufac- 
turers and  exporters  of  paper  commodities  of 
all  descriptions.  Glassine  bags,  parchment  bags, 
candy  bags,  grease  proof  bags.  Correspondence 
solicited   from  jobbers  and   exporters. 

L.  L.  CALDWELL  COMPANY.  1128  Van  Nuys 
Building,  Los  Angeles.  California.  Manufactur- 
ers and  exporters  of  Pacific  Tire  Molds.  A  com- 
bination one-third  circle  dry  cure  retread  mold 
and  sectional  vulcanizer.  Foreign  representa- 
tives desired. 

CALIFORNIA  HYDRAULIC  &  ENGINEER- 
ING COMPANY,  San  Francisco.  Desirous  of 
establishing  direct  factory  representatives  or 
agencies  for  sale  of  iron  and  steel  products,  oil 
and  gas  engines,  pumps  and  pneumatic  water 
systems.  Cable  address  "HYDRAMINE  SAN 
FRANCISCO."  Codes  used,  A.  B.  C,  5th  Edi- 
tion, Bentley's. 


L.  L.  CALDWELL  CO.,  1128  Van  Nuys  Build- 
ing. Los  Angeles.  California.  Commission  agents 
operating  as  purchasing  or  selling  agents  for  any 
commodity  purchased  or  sold  in  the  U.   S. 


CAMBRIA  SPRING  COMPANY,  916  South 
Los  Angeles  St.,  Los  Angeles,  California.  Wheels 
and  rims,  spring  bumpers,  auto  and  truck 
springs.     Code   Western   Union.     All   languages. 


CHUNG  MEI  TRADING  CORPORATION.  S 
11  Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai,  China,  U.  S.  Box  764. 
Importers  and  exporters.  Cable  address  "Chung- 
mei  Shanghai."    All  codes  used. 


CO-OP  AGENCY  COMPANY,  P.  O.  Box  265, 
Colombo,  Ceylon.  Importers  of  textiles,  hard- 
ware, metals  and  sundries.  Exporters  of  Cey- 
lon products.  Telegrams:  Coagency.  Code: 
Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Marconi's  Int. 
and   Private. 


COLLINS-FERGUSON  CO.,  Smith  Building. 
Seattle,  Washington.  Exporters  of  Machinery 
and  Metal  Products.     Engineers. 


ELLIS  DRIER  COMPANY.  332  So.  La  Salle 
St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Manufacturers  of  grain 
driers  for  removing  excess  moisture  from  wheat, 
coffee,  beans,  peanuts  and  etc.  Rotary  driers 
for  removing  excess  moisture  from  corn  meal, 
hominy,  feeds  and  chemicals. 


FIELD  &  GROSS.  INC.,  260  California  Street, 
San  Francisco.  California.  Packers  and  export- 
ers of  California  sardines.  Codes  used,  A.  B.  C, 
5th  Edition  and  Bentley's. 


GENERAL  PAPER  COMPANY,  525  Market 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Paper  Mill  represen- 
tatives Dealers  in  news,  books,  cardboard  and 
paper  stock  of  all  kinds. 


FRED  OOLDING  LUMBER  &  TILE  CON- 
PANY,  604  Pacific  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal- 
ifornia.    Box  shooks,  lumber  and  tile. 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  COMPANY,  332  Pine  Street, 
San  Francisco,  California.  Exporters  of  all 
American  products.  Importers  of  all  raw  ma- 
terials from  South  and  Central  America  and  Far 
East.  Represented  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Letters  of  credit,  cable  transfers,  foreign  ex- 
change. 


F.  GRIFFIN  &  COMPANY,  341  Montgomery 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Importers  and  export- 
ers of  rice,  oil,  drugs,  chemicals,  rubber  goods, 
food  products,  iron,  steel.  Offices  at  Vancouver, 
B.  C,  Seattle  and  Portland.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.     Cable  address  DRAGON. 

HARRON.  RICKARD  &  McCONE,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Machinery  for  mines  and 
mills,  garages,  boiler  shops,  forge  shops,  snip- 
yards,  saw  mills,  planing  mills,  contractors,  etc. 
All  standard  codes  used.  Cable  address  "AIR- 
DRILL." 


206 


Pan    Pacific 


EXPORT  AND  IMPORT  CONCERNS— Continued 


HALBURN  COMPANY,  317  W.  Pico  St.,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.  Distributors  of  the  Jensen 
Thermostat.  Automatically  supplies  proper 
amount  of  moisture  and  oxygen  to  make  per- 
fect combustion,  eliminating  carbon  and  over- 
heating. Representation  desired  in  all  foreign 
countries. 

B.  F.  HEASTAND,  618  Mission  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  glass  ware,  din- 
ner services,  vitrified  hotel  china.  Prepared  to 
fill  orders  immediately  for  any  quantity.  Corre- 
spondence in  any  language.  Catalogues  on  re- 
quest.    Cable  address  "HEASTAND." 

INDO-CEYLON  COMMERCIAL  AGENCY,  P. 
O.  Box  82,  Colombo,  Ceylon.  Exporters  all 
variety  Ceylon  products.  Importers  foreign 
manufactured  goods.  Cables:  "Oriental  Codes," 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  and  Private.  Bankers: 
Mercantile   Bank   of  India,   Ltd.,   Colombo. 

INGRIM  -  RUTLEDGE  COMPANY,  413-415 
Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco,  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  art  and  color 
work.  Catalog  and  booklet  printing.  Copper 
plate  and  steel  die  engraving.  Office  equipment 
and  supplies.  Loose  leaf  systems.  Export  or- 
ders a  specialtq.  Correspondence  in  all  lan- 
guages. 

INTERNATIONAL  PURCHASING  BUREAU, 
203  East  15th  Street,  New  York  City.  Exporters 
of  machinery  for  tool  shops,  garages,  etc. 

INTER-OCEAN  TRADING  COMPANY,  INC., 
Smith  Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers 
of  beans,  peas,  spices,  wax,  oils,  etc.  Exporters 
of  steel,  machinery,  railroad  equipment.  Cable 
address  "INTEROCEAN." 

ITO  &  COMPANY,  Head  office,  Kobe,  Japan. 
Seattle  office.  Smith  Building.  Importers  of 
beans,  peas,  wax,  etc.  Exporters  of  metals, 
chemicals,  machinery. 

INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY  OF 
AMERICA,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Import- 
ers, exporters,  forwarders  and  manufacturers' 
representatives.  Branches  in  all  Far  Eastern 
countries.  Export  iron  and  steel,  machinery, 
plumbing  supplies,  heavy  and  light  hardware, 
talking  machines,  cotton  and  wool  textiles  and 
dry  gods.  Correspondence  invited.  Cable  ad- 
dress "INTRACO." 

KAAS-HOPKINS  CO.,  Hearst  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Paper  Mill  selling  agents. 
Solicit  export  inquiries  from  the  trade.  Sam- 
ples and  quotations  promptly  furnished  on  re- 
quest. 

KAY  BEE  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 
312  West  35th  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manu- 
facturers of  spotlights  for  automobile  and  other 
purposes.  Representation  desired  in  foreign 
countries. 

KULLMAN,  SALZ  &  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Sole  leather;  tanners.  Leather 
for  export  a  specialty.  Prompt  attention  to  or- 
ders. Ask  us  to  quote  on  your  requirements. 
All  languages. 

LAVAN,  A.  K.  COMPANY,  207  Hastings  St., 
W.  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada.  Exporters  and 
Importers,  Shipping  and  Commission,  Manufac- 
turers Agents.  Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds 
of  merchandise.  References:  Standard  Bank  of 
Canada,  Bank  of  Montreal  (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 
Branch).  Cable  address  "LAVAN,  VANCOUV- 
ER." Codes,  A.  B.  C,  Bentley's,  Western  Union. 

LESHER.  WHITMAN  &  CO.,  INC.,  881  Broad- 
way, New  York  City.  Manufacturers  for  export 
at  mohair  and  cotton  suitings,  including  mi- 
nerva  suitings. 

LLEWELLYN  IRON  WORKS,  Los  Angeles. 
California.  Manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
steamship  power  equipment,  water,  oil  and  fuel 
tanks,  rolling  mill  products.  Ingots,  bars  and 
shapes.  Structural  steel  fabricators.  Correspon- 
dence invited.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address 
"LLEWELLYN." 

MACHINERY  SUPPLY  COMPANY.  801  Smith 
Building.  Seattle.  Washington.  Exporters  of 
good  used  machinery  and  power  plant  equip- 
ment.    Locomotives  from  5   to  80  tons. 


MEHTA  &  LYNN,  235  Montgomery  Street, 
San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A.  Importers  of  Vegetable 
oils,  copra,  gums,  waxes,  chicle  and  raw  prod- 
ucts of  all  kinds.  Exporters  of  iron  and  steel 
machinery,  chemicals,  dyes  and  petroleum  prod- 
ucts.    Codes:  A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition,  Lieber's. 

NATIONAL  AUTO  SALES  CORP.,  Marsh- 
Strong  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Dealers  in  re- 
newed, guaranteed  automobiles  of  the  better 
class.  Write  for  quotations,  descriptions,  etc. 
Correspondence  in  all  languages.  All  codes  used. 

NITROLENE  OIL  COMPANY,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Exporters  of  Nitrolene  lubricating  oil, 
especially  blended  and  made  in  all  weights. 
Furnished  in  steel  drums  from  15  to  50  gallon 
capacity. 

NOLAN-EARL  SHOE  COMPANY.  25  Fre- 
mont St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers 
and  wholesale  dealers  in  Men's,  Women's  and 
Children's  shoes.  Samples  sent  on  request. 
Charges  prepaid.  Cable  address  "Nesco."  Bent- 
ley's  Code. 

PACIFIC  LUBRICATING  COMPANY,  715  W. 
Spokane  St.,  Seattle,  Washington.  Manufac- 
turers of  greases,  cup  transmission,  car,  graph- 
ite and  chain.  Hair  and  wool  flock.  Repre- 
sented at  Manila,  Sydney,  Australia  and  Val- 
paraiso, Chile.  Export  orders  promptly  and 
carefully  attended  to.  Special  greases  made  to 
order. 


PARKER  &  WATERMAN,  1203  West  Wash- 
ington Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Manufac- 
turers of  Angelus  Tire  Covers  for  automobile 
tires  as  well  as  Auto  Comfy  Cushions. 

VICTOR  PATRON,  Oceanic  Bldg.,  2  Pine  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.  Branch  at  Mazatlan, 
Mexico.  Cable  address  "PATRON."  Import  and 
export  representatives.  Prices  and  catalogues 
furnished  on  application. 

C.  M.  PETTIBONE  COMPANY,  L.  C.  Smith 
Building,  Seattle,  Washington.  Importers  and 
Exporters.  Packers  direct  selling  agents.  Ship- 
ping and  commission  merchants.  Cable  ad- 
dress PETTIBONE.  Codes  used,  Armsby,  A.  B. 
C.  5th  Edition,  Bentley's,  W.  U. 

PLANET  RUBBER  COMPANY,  125  E.  Ninth 
St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufacturers  of  the 
Planet  Sub-Tire.  Described  as  a  tire  within  a 
tire.  Strengthens  and  stiffens  the  tire  side 
walls.  Foreign  representation  desired.  Cor- 
respondence   in  all  languages. 

H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc.,  205  Metropolitan  Bank 
Building,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana.  Export:  Im- 
port; Commission.  Freight  forwarders.  Corre- 
spondence solicited.  Cable  address  "RENCO." 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  4;  W.  U.  T.;  Bedford  McNeil. 


ROLPH,  MILLS  &  COMPANY,  Colman  Bldg., 
Seattle,  Wash.  General  shipping  and  commis- 
sion merchants.  Export  and  imports.  Direct 
representatives  of  manufacturers'  of  principal 
American  goods.  Offices  at  Seattle,  Portland, 
Los  Angeles,  New  York  and  Chicago.  Corre- 
spondence solicited. 


SAVAGE  TIRE  COMPANY,  San  Diego,  Calif. 
Manufacturers  and  exporters  of  automobile  tires 
and  tubes.  Measurement  both  by  millimeter  as 
well  as  inch  sizes.  Export  department  especially 
equipped  to  intelligently  meet  the  demands  of 
foreign   merchants. 

SCHMIDT  LITHOGRAPH  COMPANY,  San 
Francisco.  California.  Printers,  lithographers, 
bookbinders  and  manufacturers  of  cartons  and 
labels. 


SCHWABACHER-FREY  STATIONERY  CO., 
609  Market  Street.  San  Francisco.  California. 
Printers,  stationers,  bookbinders,  and  manufac- 
turers of  all  office  records.  Correspondence  in 
all  languages.  Cable  address  "STATIONERS." 
All  codes  used. 

SHERMAN  BROTHERS  COMPANY,  208 
South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  Illinois.  Exporters 
and  Importers  of  shoes,  hosiery,  underwear, 
piece  goods,  rubber  goods,  chemicals,  food  prod- 


ucts, machinery,  automobiles  and  hardware. 
Careful  and  prompt  attention  given  to  all  cor- 
respondence and  orders.  Cable  address  "CAR- 
NOT." 


C.  HENRY  SMITH,  311  California  St.,  San 
Francisco,  California.  Export  and  Import  mer- 
chant. Nitrates  a  specialty.  Shipping  and 
commission.  Steamship  agent  and  ship  owner. 
All  codes.     Cable  address  CHENRYINC. 

HERBERT  W.  SMITH  BROKERAGE  COM- 
PANY, 209  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  Illnols. 
Import  and  export.  Beans,  peas,  seeds,  oils,  etc. 
Write  for  quotations. 

J.  L.  N.  SMYTHE  COMPANY,  30  South  Sixth 
Street,  Philadelphia,  Penn.  Exporters  of  every 
kind   of  paper.     Cable  or  write  your  needs. 

SPRECKELS  BROS.  COMMERCIAL  CO.,  Los 
Angeles  and  San  Diego,  California.  Operating 
coal  bunkers  at  the  above  mentioned  ports  and 
are  prepared  to  furnish  bunker  coal  to  ocean 
going  and  coastwise  ships.  Cable  address 
"SPRECKELS." 


STANDARD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  260 
California  St.,  San  Francisco,  California.  Ex- 
porters of  all  American  products — iron,  steel 
products,  galvanized  pipe,  paints,  varnishes, 
cutlery,  explosives,  plate  and  window  glass,  etc. 
Importers  of  raw  materials  from  Asia,  camel's 
hair,  animal  hair,  bristles,  furs,  skins,  nuts, 
oils,  etc.  All  codes  used.  Cable  address  "PER- 
KINS." 


STERLING  PAINT  COMPANY,  Portland,  Ore. 
Manufacturers  and  exporters  of  weather  resist- 
ing paints  for  all  purposes. 

STEINBERG  &  SONS.  Head  office.  Tientsin, 
China.  Local  office,  260  California  Street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  Manufacturers,  importers,  ex- 
porters. Cable  address:  "STEINMORAN." 
Codes:  Bentley's,  A.  B.  C.  5th  Ed.,  as  well  as 
all   standard  codes. 

C.  E  VAN  LANDINGHAM  CO.,  Los  Angeles, 
California.  Packers,  importers  and  exporters  of 
canned  tuna  and  sardines  in  all  styles  of  pack. 
Cable  address  "VANTUNA."  All  standard  codes 
used. 


HARRY  M.  WATERMAN,  1311  S.  Figueroa 
Street,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.  Distributors  of 
folding  portable  gasoline  stoves.  Foreign  repre- 
sentation desired. 

WHALEN  PULP  AND  PAPER  MILLS,  LTD., 
Merchants  Bank  Building,  Vancouver,  B.  C, 
Canada.  Exclusive  manufacturers  of  sulphite 
pulp.  Packed  in  bales  of  320  lbs.,  95%  to  100% 
air-dry. 

WILSHIRE  OIL  COMPANY,  Los  Angeles,  U. 
S.  A.  Exporters  of  gasoline,  kerosene,  distil- 
lates,  lubricating  oils   and  greases. 


WILLIAMS-MARVIN  COMPANY,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.  Exporter  of  shoes  for  men, 
women  and  children.  Orders  receive  prompt 
and  careful  attention.  Special  styles  made  to 
order.  Send  for  our  catalogue.  Cable  address 
"WILMAR." 


WESTERN  MACHINERY  COMPANY,  900 
North  Main  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Manufac- 
turers of  heavy  duty  oil  engines.  Built  in  sizes 
from  25  B.  H.  P.  per  working  cylinder  in  mul- 
tiples up  to  six  cylinders  and  operating  on  low 
gravity   fuel  oil. 


W.  Z.  ZEE  &  SONS,  A12299  Broadway,  Shang- 
hai. Contractors  to  Governments,  Municipali- 
ties and  Manufacturers  for  engineering  mater- 
ials, naval  and  marine  stores,  hardware  and 
metals.  Purchasing  agents  as  well  as  selling 
agents.  Established  1985.  Cable  address 
"ZUNOLEE"    SHANGHAI. 


ZELLERS-STEVENS  INC..  52  Broadway.  New 
York  City.  Exporters  of  office  equipment  of 
every  description,  such  as  adding  machines, 
duplicating  machines,  filing  cabinets,  etc.  Cable 
address   "ZELLSTEVEN." 


The  attention  of  readers  and  advertisers  is  called  to  the  fact  that  PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  will  accept  no 
advertisements  of  a  doubtful  nature  nor  from  concerns  in  other  than  good  standing.  The  publishers  of  this  magazine 
believe  that  foreign  buyers  can  place  confidence  in  those  concerns  whose  names  appear  herein. 


March    f  920 


209 


MERCHANDISE  ADVERTISED 


PAN  PACIFIC  MAGAZINE  publishes  herewith  a  list  of  articles  advertised  in  this  issue  for  the  convenience  of  its 
readers.  The  name  of  the  advertiser  will  be  found  listed  under  each  heading.  This  is  a  gratis  service  rendered  adver- 
tisers and  the  publishers  of  this  magazine  accept  no  responsibility  for  omissions  or  errors,  but  make  every  effort  to  main- 
tain an  accurate  list. 


ADDING  MACHINES 
American  Can  Company. 
Zellers-Stevens  Inc. 

ADDRESSING  MACHINES  &  SUPPLIES 
Addressograph  Company. 

AGRICULTURAL,  IMPLEMENTS 
Arnott  &  Company. 

AUTOMOBILES 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

AUTOMOBILES  RENEWED 
National  Auto  Sales  Corp. 

AUTOMOBILE   TIRES 

Halburn    Co. 

Planet  Rubber  Co. 

Savage  Tire  Co. 
AUTOMOBILE  ACCESSORIES 

Parker  &  Waterman. 
BANKS  AND  BANKING 

First  Trust  Company  of  Hilo. 
BATH-TUBS 

Pacific   Sanitary   Manufacturing  Company. 
BOILERS,  WATER  TUBE 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 
BOOKBINDERS 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Edward  Barry  Company. 
BOOTS 

Williams  Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Company. 
BROKERAGE  AND  COMMISSION 

Du-Pont  Coleman  &  Company. 
CAMERAS 

The  Ansco  Company. 
CAMPING   EQUIPMENT 

Harry  M.  Waterman. 
CANNED  GOODS 

Braden  Preserving  Co. 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Co. 

Field  &  Gross. 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
C.   E.   Van  Landringham 

Western  Canning  Co. 
CANS,   CAPS,  TIN  BOXES 

American  Can  Company. 
CASES.   STEEL  .... 

American  Steel  Package  Company. 
CASTINGS 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
CELLULOID,  MANUFACTURED 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CELLULOID,  SHEET 

The  Arlington  Company. 
CEREALS. 

S  perry  Flour  Co. 
CHEMICAL   APPARATUS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
CHEMICAL  PLANTS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
CHINAWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated   Mfrs.   Importing  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
COAL 

Spreckels  Bros.  Commercial  Co. 
COFFEE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
CONTRACTORS  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
COPPER  PLATE  ENGRAVING 

Ingrim-Rutledge    Company. 
COTTON  GOODS 

Lesher-Whitman  &  Co. 
CROCKERY 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
CUTLERY 

Standard  Products  Company. 
DEHYDRATORS 

Ellis  Drier  Co. 

DRESS  GOODS 

L.   Dinkelspiel   Company. 
DRUGS  &  CHEMICALS 

The  Hale  Company. 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 
DRY  GOODS,  TEXTILES,  Etc. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
DYE  STUFFS 

Quaker  City  Supply  Company. 
ENAMELWARE 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 
EXPLOSIVES  &  POWDER 

Standard  Products  Company. 


FLOCK,  HAIR  AND  WOOL 
Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 
G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons 

FLOUR 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
Sperry  Flour  Co. 

FOOD  PRODUCTS 
Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
National  Products  Company. 
Herbert  W.   Smith   Brokerage  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 
C.  M.  Pettibone  &  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 

GAS  ENGINES 
Arnott  &  Company. 

GLASSWARE 

B.  F.  Heastand. 

GLOVES 
Davis  Brothers,  Inc. 

GREASES 

Pacific  Lubricating  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
GROCERIES 

C.  M.  Pettibone  Company. 
HAIR,    ANIMAL 

Standard  Products  Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
HARDWARE 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
HIDES 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
HOSIERY 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
INDUSTRIAL  EQUIPMENT 

Purnell  &  Pagett. 
INDUSTRIAL  PLANTS 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
JAMS 

Braden  Preserving  Co. 

JEWELERS  SUPPLIES 
R.  &  L.  Myers  Co. 

LABORATORY  APPARATUS 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann    Company. 
LAMPS 

P.  F.  Gronesekera  &  Co. 
LAUNDRY  MACHINERY 

American  Laundry  Machine  Co. 
LEATHER  &  LEATHER  PRODUCTS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
MACHINERY 

Collins-Ferguson  Co. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 

Ito  &  Co. 

International  Purchasing  Bureau. 

Inter-Ocean  Trading  Co. 

MARINE  HARDWARE 

Topping  Brothers. 

Pacific  Marine  Iron  Works. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
MINE  &  MILL  MACHINERY 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 
MISCELLANEOUS  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

H.  S.  Renshaw,  Inc. 
MOLDS 

L.  L.  Caldwell  Co. 
NITRATES 

C.  Henry  Smith. 
NOTIONS 

L.  Dinkelspiel  Company. 
OFFICE  EQUIPMENT 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
OILS 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Inter-Ocean  Trading  Co. 

Herbert  W.  Smith  Brokerage  Co. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 
Nitrolene  Oil  Co. 
Wilshire  Oil  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
OIL  AND  GAS  ENGINES 

California  Hydraulic  Engineering  Co. 
PAINTS 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Sterling  Paint  Co. 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
PAPER 

Brown  Paper  Goods  Co. 

Kaas-Hopkins  Company. 

General  Paper  Co. 

Edward  Barry  Co. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC   PAPER   &   MATERIALS 
The  Ansco  Company. 

PLUMBING  FIXTURES 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
PRESERVES 

Braden  Preserving  Co. 

PRINTING 
Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 
Edward  Barry  Co. 

PULLEYS 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

Topping  Brothers. 
RAW  PRODUCTS 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Company. 

Victor  Patron. 

Herbert  W.    Smith   Brokerage  Co. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
RICE 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 
ROOFING 

Certain-teed  Products  Corporation. 
RUBBER  BOOTS  AND  SHOES 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co. 
RUBBER  GOODS 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

F.  Griffin  &  Co.,  Ltd. 
SEWING  MACHINES 

P.  F.  Groneskera  &  Co. 
SHIP  CHANDLERY 

Topping  Brothers. 
SHOES 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 
SHOES,  SPORT  AND  TENNIS 

Williams-Marvin  Company. 

Marvin  Shoe  Company. 

Rogers  Shoe  Company. 

Nolan-Earl  Shoe  Co.  ,-J    ■ 

SOAP 

Braun-Knecht-Heimann   Company. 

G.  P.  Steinberg  &  Sons. 
SPICES 

W.  R.  Grace  &  Company. 
SPRINGS,  AUTO  AND  TRUCK 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 
STATIONERY 

Ingrim-Rutledge  Company. 

Schwabacher-Frey  Stationery  Co. 
STEEL  PRODUCTS 

F.  Griffin  &  Co. 
STEEL  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS 

Associated  Mfrs.  Importing  Co. 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 

A.   C.   Rulofson  Company. 

Harron,  Rickard  &  McCone. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America,  Inc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 
SUGAR  MACHINERY 

Bartholomew  Viola. 
TALKING  MACHINES 

International  Trading  Co.  of  America. 
TANKS,  WATER.  OIL  AND  FUEL 

Llewellyn  Iron  Works. 
TANNERS 

Kullman,  Salz  &  Company. 
TINWARE  J    *\HmUt  *-MM- 

American  Can  Company. 
TOILETS 

Pacific  Sanitary  Manufacturing  Company. 
TOOLS 

Associated  Mfrs.   Importing  Co.  • 
TRUCKS 

Moreland  Motor  Truck  Co. 
TYPEWRITERS 

American  Can  Company. 
UNDERWEAR 

Sherman  Brothers  Company. 
VARNISH 

Beaver  Board   Companies. 

Standard  Products  Company. 

Certaln-teed  Products  Corporation. 
VULCANIZING 

American  Vulcanized  Fibre  Co. 
WALL  BOARD 

The  Beaver  Board  Companies. 
WIRE,  ELECTRICAL 

The  Acme  Wire  Company. 
WHEELS,   CASTERS,  Etc. 

Cambria  Spring  Company. 

The  American  Pulley  Company. 


210 


Pan    Pacific 


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Cable  Address: 

PETTIBONE 
Codes: 

Armsby,     ABC 

5th  Edition 

Bentley  's.  Western 

Union. 


Offices: 

1508-9-10-11 

L.  C.  Smith  Building 

Seattle,  Wash. 

U.  S.  A. 


'Packers'  Direct  Selling  Agents" 

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Cable  Address: — 

LA VAN,  VANCOUVER 

Codes: — 

A.  B.  C.  Sth;  Bentleys;  Western 
Union. 


I 


A.  K.  LA  VAN  COMPANY 

207  Hastings  Street,  West,  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Canada 

EXPORTERS  AND  IMPORTERS 
SHIPPING  AND  COMMISSION 
MANUFACTURERS    AGENTS 


Inquiries  received  for  all  kinds  of 

merchandise. 
References: — 

Standard  Bank  of  Canada,  Bank 

of  Montreal,    (Bank  of  B.  N.  A. 

Branch.) 


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Pacific  Coast 

United   States  of  America 

Buyers'  Headquarters 

The  100%  Club 


Arcade  Floor 


Monadnock  Bldg, 


San  F 


rancisco   = 


An  extensive  COMMERCIAL  MUSEUM  is  maintained  for  the  benefit  of 
buyers,  where  the  products  of  American  manufacturers  are  displayed' 

THE  FOREIGN  MERCHANT  IS  INVITED 

To  make  his  buying  headquarters  at  The  Club.  An  information  bureau  is 
maintained.     All  modern  office  conveniences  provided  free  to  foreign  buyers. 

The  Club  represents  two  hundred  of  America's  leading  manufacturers  and 
merchants.  Each  member  is  selected  for  business  efficiency,  quality  of  goods 
and  ability  to  render  SERVICE  to  the  buying  public.  All  are  leaders  in 
their  line. 

We  render  the  foreign  merchant  a  service,  free  of  all  charge  or  obligation. 

Business  connections  established.  Correspondence  invited  in  any  foreign 
language. 

Send  for  the  Complete  Story 

WM  E.  HAGUE.  Sec-Treas, 


Printers 
Stationers 
Bookbinders 
Engravers 


MANUFACTURERS  AND 
EXPORTERS  OF 


A  Complete  Line  of  Office  Equipment  j 


Our  Printing  Plant  is  Equipped 
with  the  Most  Modern  Machinery 


INGRIM-RUTLEDGE  COMPANY 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


WE  PRINT    THE    "PAN    PACIFIC 


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Multigraphing 
Mimeographing 


Telephone  Douglas  1316 

StUlJIIIIUUIIIIUIIIIlllllllUllllllllllUUUIIiillllllllllHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIl 


BRUCKMAN 

Experts  for  all  Languages 

525  MARKET  STREET 

(Underwood  Building) 


TRANSLATING    and 
TYPING  BUREAU 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


March    1920 


211 


SERVICE: 

In  1919  the  Foreign  Trade  Commerce 
of  the  United  States  amounted  to 
$11,000,000,000. 

The  Trade  Extension  Bureau  of  Pan 
Pacific  has  inaugurated  a  service  to  its 
advertising  clientele  which  puts  the  ad- 
vertiser in  direct  and  immediate  com- 
munication with  foreign  merchants  who 
are  already  engaged  in  importing  his 
specific  commodities. 
Our  New  York  Representative,  Mr. 
Basil  Bancroft,  2309  Park  Row  Build- 
ing, No.  1  5  Park  Row,  would  be  glad 
to  place  before  you  full  information  on 
this  service — facts  which  you  should 
know  in  your  own  interest. 
Call  him  at  Barclay  8 1  80  or  address  the 
Executive  offices — 6 1  8  Mission  Street, 
San  Francisco. 

The  cost  of  securing  your  share  of  this 
$11,000,000,000  trade  is  insignificant 
to  the  result  to  be  obtained. 


212 


Pan     Pacific 


CONNECTIONS  WANTED 


HAVANA,  CUBA  —  Firm  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  exporters  interested  in  trade  with 
Cuba.Address  Box  1045  Pan  Pacific. 

HALIFAX,  NOVA  SCOTIA— Firm  desires  to  get 
in  touch  with  a  reliable  broker  handling  salt 
mackerel  and  all  grades  of  hard  cured  codfish. 
Address  Box  1046  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA— Firm  in  Havana  wishes  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  exporters  of  beans,  potatoes 
and  onions.    Address  Box  1047  Pan  Pacific. 

GOTEBORG,  SWEDEN— Party  wishes  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  exporters  of  feed  stuffs,  desiring 
representation  in  Sweden.  Address  Box  1048 
Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y.— New  York  firm  wishes  to 
be  put  in  touch  with  dealers  in  peas  and  beans. 
Would  like  samples  and  prices  on  any  peas 
and  beans  that  can  be  offered  for  January  and 
February  delivery.  Address  Box  1049  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

DELHI,  INDIA — Firm  wishes  to  be  put  in  touch 
with  exporters  of  hosiery,  sundries,  piece 
goods,  etc.     Address  Box  1050.  Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y.— New  York  firm  with  offices 
in  British  Isles,  Russia,  India,  Holland  and 
near  East,  is  desirous  of  obtaining  the  sole 
selling  representation  of  American  manufac- 
tured goods  for  these  countries.  Address  Box 
1051  Pan  Pacific. 

BERKELEY,  CAL. — Owner  of  rubber  plantation 
and  other  interests  in  Java,  permanently  re- 
siding here,  desires  to  communicate  with  man- 
ufacturing eoncern  or  capitalist  for  develop- 
ment of  rubber  concession  in  the  Island  of 
Java.     Address  Box  1052  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Consumers  of  spruce  wood 
in  Havana,  requiring  from  300,000  to  400,000 
feet  monthly,  wish  to  receive  quotations  from 
San  Francisco  exporters.  Address  Box  1053 
Pan  Pacific. 

KOBE,  JAPAN — Firm  wishes  to  be  put  in  touch 
with  importers  of  stationery,  lacquer  wares, 
brushes,  walking  sticks  and  umbrellas.  Ad- 
dress Box  1054  Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y.— Party  would  like  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  importers  of  Australian  fruit 
pulp,  such  as  is  used  by  jam  makers.  Ad- 
dress Box  1055  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Gentleman  leaving 
San  Francisco  for  Europe  shortly  will  be  glad 
to  accept  commissions  for  American  business 
men  in  France.     Address  Box  1056  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. — American  export  firm 
having  reliable  representation  in  Cuba,  de- 
sires to  communicate  with  responsible  manu- 
facturers and  distributors  wishing  to  place 
their  products  upon  the  Cuban  markets.  Ad- 
dress Box  1057   Pan  Pacific. 

TAMPICO,  MEXICO  —  Exporters  of  Mexican 
products,  such  as  chicle,  vanilla,  honey,  sarsa- 
parilla,  etc.,  wishes  to  be  put  in  touch  with 
importers.     Address  Box  1058  Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Firm  wishes  to  represent  in 
Cuba  exporters  of  machinery  for  sugar  plan- 
tations and  refineries,  machinery  for  mines 
and  alcohol  factories,  cutlery,  tools,  doors 
and  windows,  galvanized  iron,  shoes,  preserved 
goods,  rice  and  other  cereals,  and  importers 
of  sugar,  honey  and  tobacco.  Address  Box 
1069,  Pan  Pacific. 

LIVERPOOL,  ENGLAND— Reliable  manufac- 
turer of  rope,  twines,  cotton  waste,  buntings 
and  flags,  canvas,  etc.,  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  San  Francisco  importers.  Address 
Box  1060  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Gentleman  returning 
to  New  Zealand  shortly  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
stationery  lines,  paper,  printing  supplies,  etc., 
with  a  view  to  representing  them  in  the  New 
Zealand  territory.  Address  Box  1061  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Lady  leaving  for 
South  America  desires  to  represent  San  Fran- 
cisco firms  wishing  to  make  connections  or 
market  their  goods  in  South  America.  Ad- 
dress Box  1062  Pan  Pacific. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Business  man  leaving 
for  the  Far  East  shortly  is  willing  to  accept 
commissions  or  lines  for  sale  in  China,  Japan, 
Straits  Settlements,  Philippine  Islands  and 
Australia.  Will  arrange  representation  or  ne- 
gotiate sales.     Address  Box  1063  Pan  Pacific. 

CAIRO,  EGYPT— Firm  wishes  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  exporters  of  woolen  and  cotton 
goods,  paper;  also  with  importers  of  sesame, 
senna  and  gum  arable  Address  Box  1065  Pan 
Pacific. 

MANCHESTER,  ENGLAND— Sack  and  bag 
manufacturers  and  general  merchants  in  Man- 
chester wish  to  be  placed  in  touch  with  a  re- 
liable representative  in  San  Francisco  who 
would  undertake  to  handle  for  them  new  and 
once  used  sacks  and  bags,  also  new  Jute  Hes- 
sian canvas.  Also  manufacturers  of  all  classes 
of  waterproof  and  rainproof  garments,  over- 
coats, suits,  etc  Address  Box  1064  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

MADRAS,  INDIA— Firm  would  like  to  be  put  in 
touch  with  manufacturers  and  exporters  of 
piece  goods  and  yarn,  paints  and  varnishes, 
paper  and  cardboard,  electrical  goods,  station- 
ery, hardware,  etc.,  with  a  view  to  establish- 
ing commercial  relations.  Address  Box  1066 
Pan  Pacific. 

SAGUA  LA  GRANDE,  CUBA— Agent  in  Sagua 
la  Grande,  Cuba,  wishes  to  secure  an  agency 
for  the  sale  of  groceries  in  Cuba.  References. 
Address  Box  1067  Pan  Pacific. 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y.— Shanghai  firm  is  in  the 
market  for  second-hand  cotton  spinning  ma- 
chinery for  a  complete  plant;  also  interested 
in  worsted  machinery.  Details  on  file  this 
office.     Address  Box  1068  Pan  Pacific. 

BERLIN,  GERMANY— Firm  wishes  to  be  placed 
in  touch  with  San  Francisco  firms  desiring 
representation  in  Germany.  Address  Box  1069 
Pan  Pacific. 

ANCON,  C.  Z.,  PANAMA — Party  wishes  to  be 
placed  in  touch  with  reliable  dealers  in  un- 
polished rice  and  other  products  of  Panama. 
Address   Box  1070  Pan  Pacific. 

LONDON,  ENGLAND— Postcard  publishers  of 
London,  England,  desire  to  get  in  touch  with 
dealers  in  this  city.  Address  Box  1071  Pan 
Pacific. 

CAIRO,  EGYPT— Firm  in  Cairo  wishes  to  be  put 
in  touch  with  exporters  of  California  fruit. 
Address  Box  1072   Pan  Pacific. 

HAVANA,  CUBA — Firm  in  Havana  wishes  to 
get  in  touch  with  manufacturers  and  exporters 
desiring  representation  in  Cuba.  Address  Box 
1093  Pan  Pacific. 

LAREDO,  TEXAS— Firm  is  in  the  market  for 
sardines  in  oil,  3>&  ounce  round  keyless  tins, 
for  immediate  shipment.  Address  Box  1074 
Pan  Pacific. 

PARIS,  FRANCE — French  woman  wishes  to  se- 
cure the  agency  for  the  sale  of  American  made 
typewriters,  furs,  library  editions  de  luxe, 
glassware,  draperies,  clocks,  furniture,  electri- 
cal goods,  in  France.  Address  Box  1075  Pan 
Pacific. 

MANCHESTER,  ENGLAND— Producers  of  high 
grade  steel  manufactures  desire  to  get  in 
touch  with  firms  who  would  be  willing  to 
finance  their  own  stocks  in  return  for  an  ex- 
clusive selling  agency.  Address  Box  1076  Pan 
Pacific. 

PAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— British  firm  wishes 
to  get  in  touch  with  a  suitable  and  trust- 
worthy agent  for  the  sale  of  ready-made  suits 
for  men.  youths  and  boys.  Willing  to  send 
shipments  for  sale  on  consignment.  Address 
Box  1077  Pan  Pacific. 

COLOMBO,     CEYLON— General  merchants     in 

Ceylon  desire  to  get  in  touch  with  exporters 

of  tweeds  and  all  other  cotton  goods.  Address 
Box  1078  Pan  Pacific. 

VANCOUVER,  B.  C. — Commission  merchant  in 
Vancouver  would  like  to  be  put  in  touch  with 
exporters  of  canned  fruits.  Address  Box  1079 
Pan  Pacific. 


NOGALES,  ARIZONA— Firm  would  like  to  be 
put  in  touch  with  dealers  In  crude  and  refined 
sulphur.     Address   Box   1080   Pan  Pacific. 

TREBIZONDE,  ASIATIC  TURKEY— Firm  wish- 
es to  get  in  touch  with  exporters  desiring  to 
establish  an  agency  in  Asiatic  Turkey  for  the 
sale  of  clothing,  novelties,  food  products,  hard- 
ware and  other  manufactured  goods.  Also 
wishes  to  get  in  touch  with  importers  of 
hazelnuts,  walnuts,  hides,  tobaccos,  beans,  etc. 
Address  Box  1081  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Gentleman  leaving 
San  Francisco  February  15  for  France  would 
like  to  get  in  touch  with  firms  desiring  repre- 
sentation in  France.  Will  travel  France,  hand- 
ling any  line;  headquarters  at  Paris.  Address 
Box  1082  Pan  Pacific. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.— Meat  canning  manu- 
facturer wishes  to  get  in  touch  with  import- 
ing concerns  in  South  America,  Orient  and 
Europe,  or  exporters  doing  business  in  above 
mentioned  places.  Address  Box  1083  Pan  Pa- 
cific. 

LA  SERENA,  CHILE— Owner  of  large  ranch  de- 
sires to  get  in  touch  with  dealers  in  farming 
implements,  seeds,  gasoline  and  motor  sup- 
plies.    Address  Box  1084  Pan  Pacific. 

MANZANILLO,  CUBA— Large  importer  and  ex- 
porter in  Cuba  desires  to  get  in  touch  with 
firms  exporting  or  desirous  of  exporting  rice 
to  that  country.  Also  desires  to  make  con- 
nection with  purchasers  of  sugar  for  export 
from  Cuba.  This  gentleman  also  accepts 
commissions  on  all  classes  of  merchandise  to 
be  sold  in  Cuban  markets.  Is  engaged  in  ex- 
portation of  woods,  palm.leaf,  tortoise  shell, 
sugar,  alcoholic  liquors,  etc.  Address  Box 
1085   Pan  Pacific. 

.JiitMiimimimiimimiimmiiimimimiimimiimiiMimiiimimiimiimiimiimiimiiiiiiiii^ 

I   D.D.PEDRIS&SON   ! 

Plumbago  Miners  and  General 

Merchants 

15  MAIN   STREET 

!    COLOMBO  CEYLON    I 

|    Telegraphic  Address  "Dewnuge"  Colombo    I 

Code  Used   A. B.C.   5th   Edition 

TilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll 

4iiimiimimimiimimiiiiiimimiiiiiimiiiiiimimiiimimiimimiimiimiimiiimiiiiiimiii=; 

W.M.H.M.RAWOOF  | 

Keyzer  Street 

COLOMBO 

!     Cable    Address:      "FOOWAR-COLOMBO"     j 

Codes  Used: 
A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition  and  Bentley's 

Exporters    of  All    Ceylon    Produce 

and 

|      Importers  of  all    Manufactured  Articles      = 

Enquiries  solicited  from  reliable  Manu- 
al facturers,  Importers  and  Exporters  de- 
e     siring  connections  In  Ceylon. 

References: 
Any    Exchange   Bank   In   Colombo 

.5iimiiiimimiimimiimiimimimiimimiimiimiimimiiiiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifc 

dllMllltillMllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfflllllllllllllJtllllllinillUIIUIIIIfMltllllllllllllllllllllllllll^ 

Importers  of 

Lamps  and  Sewing  Machines 

P.   F.  GOONESEKEBA  &  CO. 
!    11,  Keyzer  Street        Colombo  (Ceylon) 

SmllllllllUllimHIIIjmillllimimiimilMllllllimilllllllllllllinilimilMllimiimiimiimiimillr 
|JI!IIIIIIIIIIIIMinilllllllHIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIM!lMIHIIIIIIIIllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIUIIIIIIIi 

W.  Fernando  &  Co.,  Colombo 

Exporters  of  Ceylon    Produce 

Desiccating  and   Fibre   Millers 

Agencies  In  Principal  Cities 

Additional   Connections    Desired 

Cables    "ROLAND,"    Colombo 

Codes:  A.  B.  C.  5th  Ed.  and  Bentley's 

illllllllllllllttlllll>llltllllllllllll!lllf!IIIIMIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllli(: 


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o 
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A 

QUALITY 
I 

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Y 


CANNED    SALMON 

All  Grades  and  Sizes — Domestic  and  Export  Trade 

E.  H.  HAMLIN  CO. 


Canned  Salmon  Specialists 


SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 


Cable  Address:  NILMAH 


S 
E 
R 
SERVICE 
I 

C 
E 


iiumiiiiiiiiimiuiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimuimimii nun miimiiiiinmimi mimiimumiiuiiiii 


imuuiiiiiiiuiiuiiiuiiimiMiiimiiiiii iiiiminii iniiiii 


March    1920 


213 


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I  F.  GRIFFIN  &  CO.,  Limited  I   I  GENERAL    PAPER   CO.  J 

=  =  =  525   MARKET  ST..   San    Franc  SCO.   U.   S.   A.  I 


SHIP 
1     BROKERS 

=     London.  England 
Vancouver,  B.  C. 


IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

341  Montgomery  Street 

SAN    FRANCISCO 


STEAMSHIP     | 
AGENTS        I 


New  York 
Seattle,  Wash. 


Portland,  Ore.     | 
Rotterdam,  Holland     = 


-niiinninniininini iimnniniiiniiniiinnniiinniiniimnininnnnmniiinninininnnnnnnnnnn niiiinnininnnnnninnininniiin- 

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I  Fred  Golding  Lumber  &  Tile  Company  ( 

BOX  SHOOK,  LUMBER  AND  TILE 

604-608  PACIFIC  ELECTRIC  BUILDING 

Los  Angeles,  California 

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REAL  LEATHER 

is  the  only  kind  of  leather  ever  sold 
under  the  brand  of 

Monarch  of  the  Oaks 
Sole  Leather 

"The  Bear  Brand" 

Exporters  appreciate  this  and  our 

business  in  this  direction  is 

growing  rapidly 

Kiiliim,SalzsCo, 

TANNERS 

New  York         San  Francisco  Chicago 


^  m  m  m  1 1  r  m  i  ^  i  m  i  t  r  m  m  1 1  m  j  r  1 1  u  m  n  m  1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  m  m  e  1 1 1  r  i  1 1  t  m  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  i  ]  i  e  1 1 1  r  m  ]  i  r  1 1  j  r  1 1 1  ]  r  r  m  t  1 1 1  ]  r  m  i  r  c  r  i  r  m  m  i  r  1 1 9 1  r  1 1  m  1 1 1 :  i  i  r  r  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 1 1  m  i  m  1 1 1  m  1 1  n  1 1 1  t  1 1  n  i !  i  u  1 1 1  t_^ 

Herbert  W.   Smith  Brokerage  Co.  j 

IMPORT         EXPORT        DOMESTIC 
Beans,  Peas,  Seeds,  Oils,  Etc. 


Write  for  Quotations 


209-211  Washington  St. 


Chicago,  111.,  U.  S.  A.    | 


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PAGE  &  JONES 

SHIP  BROKERS 

AND 

STEAMSHIP  AGENTS 

Mobile,  Alabama,  U.  S.  A. 
1     Cable  Address  "PAJONES  MOBILE"  All  Leading  Codes  Used     j 

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525  MARKET  ST.,  San  Francisco,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address:     "EMCO."  All   Codes 

Bank  Paper 

■2Sra&     PAPER  -L^ 

San     Francisco  Representatives 

BRANCH  OFFICES:     Seattle,  Portland,  Los  Angeles 

Dealers   In   News,   Book,  Writing,  Coated,   Ledger,   Bond, 

Cardboards,   Label   and  Wrapping   Papers 

^i  tiiiiriiiianir  in  ttiiiaiiiiiiiiciiitiiiiiJiiruiiriiiif  iiimiii  piiifiiii[iiifiiiiciiitiiittiiii«iiiiiiir<iiiijiitiiii>iiiiciiiitiiiijiiitiiiiiiiiijiiitaiittiiirtjiifjii(ii>»ijirr 

llniiiiiiiiiiniiiiniiinnniiiniliniiniiiiiiiiniinlliiiiinnniiiniiniiiiniinilniiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiniliiiiiniiiniiiniilillllliliniiniiiiiiiniiillii<£ 


A.  J.  &  J.  R.  COOK 

LEATHER 


TRADE   MARK 


Sole,  Calf  Skins,  Glazed  Kid,  Patent  and 
Upholstery  Leather,  Etc. 

Cable  Address:  "Cookbro,"  San  Francisco 

1    743  Mission  Street  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

7iminiiniinnniiinmnmiiinimn!iimniiinmiiiniiinmnmniinmniinmiiiiini iniiniiinnnnininniinninniniiinmnmimnnnimnm^ 

jtHMM niniiiniiiniin i i i iiinniniiniiiniiii i inimiil ininniiniiininnnniilnnniL 


CHAS.   M.   PAGANINI 


EDWARD   P.   BARRY 


Edward  Barry  Company 

WHOLESALE  PAPER  DEALERS 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 


Agents  for: 

L.  L.  BROWN'S  LEDGER,  BOND  AND 

TYPEWRITER  PAPERS 

Samples  and  Quotations  Promptly  Furnished 


MANUFACTURING  DEPARTMENT 

Largest  Wholesale  Bookbinders  on  the  Pacific  Coast 

Writing  Tablets  —  Ruled  Goods  —  Blank  Books 

Loose  Leaf  Systems  —  Bookbinding  Supplies 


-niiiniininniiininiiiniiniiiiiiinnninniinnniniinniiniiiniiniiniiiniiniiniiniiiniiniiiniiiniMiiiniiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinniininiiininniniiiinr. 
^jraiitajii>>iiiiiiii>iii<iiiiiiiitiiiTtiii<iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiifiii>i>Ktiif>iiir)iiitiiitciiiaiiitiiiiiiii*iiii  ■  ■  ■  i  u  1 1  »>  ■  1 1  r  i  ■  ■  tit  i  i>i  n  rsi  1 1  ■«  1 1  as  ■  i  tcii  i  au  ■  icaji  tsi  1 1  tu  i  t>i  i  r*^ 


References : 
Metropolitan   Bank 
Marine  Bank  and  Trust  Co. 


Cable  Address: 

RKNCO 
Codes:  A.  B.  C.  i 

W.  D.  T. 
Bedford  McNeil 


H.  S.  RENSHAW,  Inc. 

Export  —  Import  —  Commission 

205-206  Metropolitan  Bank  Building 

I      Freight    Forwarders  NEW   ORLEANS.    LA.  Correspondence  Solicited      | 

^^■■■asi  tsijjiiaiiariii  tt  iiitjiisiiiaiiii  tiiiat  iiiiiii  •■■■■siiii-*aiii»iii*iii*iiiiiiiii>ais4iiiiiiiiaiiii*iiiaiii  tiiiii-iiiiaiiiiaiiis  jii  tsiii  tsuisjiri  t  insaiii  tiiiitsjisssiistsiiia^ 
^.•itiiiitiiifiiiifiiif  iiitiiiit  mi  tuiiiiiriiiisiiiiiiitaiiitaitriiiitiiitxiiraiiitijiftjiifiiiiriiirsiirtiiiif  iiitiiittjiirjiiraiiiitii»>iiitiaiii«iiritiitjiirtiiitijiisiutii4ii-W 

j    WHOLESALE  SEEDS  RETAIL    \ 

GROWERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

Send  For  Our  Catalog 

AGGELER  &  MUSSER  SEED  COMPANY 

|    LOS  ANGELES  CALIFORNIA    [ 

nnllliliiiiiiniMiiiiniMniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiniiinniniinnniiiiniiiiiiiniiniiiininniiinnnniniiininniiinniniiiniiniiiiiiiiliiiiniiiiiiiiiniii 


214 

■lllllllllllllllll r  i  ii  i  [  ii  11  r  1 1  it  1 1  ici  l  ll  ll  II II  im 


Pan    Pacific 

iiniiiiiiuLiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiMiiiiiiiMiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiMiiMiiiiiiii ill MiiMiiMililmiimimiuiiiimiimiiiMiimiiimiiinm 


CHESTER  WILLIAMS,  Pics. 


J.  E.  PETERS,  Vic.Pl.s. 


SHOES 

AT  WHOLESALE 


CEO.  R.  WEEKS.  Sfdetaiy 


minn* 


The  Largest  Assortment  of  Men's,  Women's  and  <  hildren's  Shoes  for  Immediate  Delivery. 

EXPORT 
Export  Orders  Will    Receive  Our  Careful  Attention,  and  Any  Special    Styles  or  Other 
Details  Will  Be  Considered. 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE 

WILLIAMS-MARVIN  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A.  Cable  Address  '"WILMAR" 

TiiiiiiiijiimiimiiNiimiimiiiiiiiiMiuiimiimiijiiimiiminiiimiuiin imiiiiimiiiiiimiimiimimiiiiiiiiinHimimiiiiHiimmiiiimimiimmm 

£iiiiimiiiiiimiimiiifiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiti  i  in  i  inn  mi  mmmmimiiiiimimiimiii  mi  iniinn  inn  innmimimi  i  mi  fin  i  nmiuiihiiiiii  mi  i  NiiiitiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiTiiiniiiuiiMiiiiMmiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiinmii [iiimiiiiiiniiiitiimimiimiiiiiiiiniiniiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiy 


Field  &  Gross,  Inc. 


PACKERS  OF 


California  Sardines 

260  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF.,  U.  S.  A. 


"Sierra"   '::    "El  Capitan" 
Brands 


Cannery  at  MONTEREY,  CALIFORNIA 

A.  B.  C.  Code  (5th  Edition)  Bentley 


^mjjiiliJiiiiiiicjiiiiMLijiiiiiMjiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiirMiiijiijiiiirMiJ  rpiiiiiiriiii  ieiiimijieiti  [eij^jijiEiiijiiiniMiiiiueiijiiitiiiiiitjiia  liiij  [iii^iiijtiiiiiiiieiid  eeiiimii  i  iiij  tiiriiijjiiiTEiij  iiiijiiij  iii^MiaiiiijiiMxiiriMii  [iiiieiiriiiijiiijjiitEiiiriiiitiii  reii  iiiij  iiiijmij  riiitiiiitiii^tiiriiiiijEiaj  imi;iim  rill  1 1  miijiii  i  rEiirtiiiuiiiriiiij  iiiiiiiii  r^ 

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|     Branches   and   Agencies: 

YOKOHAMA 
|         KOBE 

VLADIVOSTOK 

TSING  TAXI 
|  SHANGHAI 
I         SAIGON 

COLOMBO 
|         SINGAPORE 
=         SOERABAYA 
I         MANILA 


INTERNATIONAL  TRADING  COMPANY 

of  America,  Inc. 

IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

FORWARDERS  AND  COMMISSION  AGENTS 
MANUFACTURERS'  REPRESENTATIVES 


Cable  Address:   "INTRACO" 

Codes: 
Bentley's 
W.  U. 
A.   B.   C.   6th  Edition 


Import   Products  of  all 

Countries   where   we 

are  located 


—  EXPORTS  — 

Iron  and  Steel,  Machinery,  Plumbing  Supplies,  Heavy  and  Light  Hardware,  Automobile 

Accessories,  Paints,  Tractors,  Typewriters,  Talking  Machines,  Cotton  and 

Wool  Textiles,  Hosiery  and  General  Dry  Goods 

We  will  purchase  for  foreign  merchants  on  small  commission  basis  of  certified  invoice.     Correspondence  and  inquiries  solicited. 

Head  Offices:    SEATTLE,  U.  S.  A. 

Miiii.iiiiimmimiim.mMm.MiMiii.imm 


March    1920 


215 


jymmiimimiiimimiiiimiimimiiimiimi mm miiimimiimiiiimmiimiiimmiimiimiiimiimiimwiiiiimmiiimimiii ■iiitMiiiiiriiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiriiiiriiiriiijiMiiiiiiriuriiiitriiitiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiMriiiTiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMitiiMiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiJiirtiiiitjiitiiiitriiuiiiiiiiirjiiuiiir 

1       D.  MARTIN  ^0&  8^^  F.  BBOMLEY  JANSEN 

= 

i 

"ANTI-BACTERIAL  SOLUTION" 

Open  to  accept  the  representation  of  Foreign  Druggist  interested  in  our  Anti-Bacterial  Solution 

Correspondence  in  all  Languages 


235  MONTGOMERY  STREET 


DUNWER  MF'G  CO. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 


jiiimiHimmimiiiminiiiiniimiimimmiiimmiiiniimMiimiiminimiiiiiHiimimiiiiiimiimimiimiiiiiiiiiiiniimiimiiimiiJiiimm^ 

jiiiiiiiiNiiiiNiiiiiiiiimiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiimiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiMiiiiiiiiiimimimmiiiimiiiiiimmiiiiim 

LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIF 


5*«  South  Main  Street 


Bishop  &  Bahler  Co. 


Bookings  through  all  United 

States  Ports  to  all  parts 

of  the  World 


TRAFFIC 
OCEAN-SERVICERAIL 


127  Montgomery  Street 


MARINE  INSURANCE 
SHIPPING  ADVICE 


- .  1 J 1 1  [  [  1 L  L  L  u  1 1 1 .'  - :  I ,  L 1 1 1 1  u J 1 1 1 !  1 1 1 ;  j  1 1 1  j  1 1 1  [ .  1 1  l  i  j  1 1 1 : 1 1  r  i  J 1 1 1 .  J I : :  / 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 J 1 1 1  r  1 1 1  r  1 1 1 :  :  1 1  : 1 1 .   I : . ,  1 1 .  - 1 1 : 1 1 1 :  - 1 1 1 . :  1 1 .  j  1 1 : ;  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 ;  1 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 L  ^  1 1 1 1 ;  1 1 : 7 !  1 1 ; !  1 1 1 ; '  I  i  -  <  1 1 :  j  1 1 1  l  :  1 1  <  1 1 1 , 1 1 1  r  - 1 1 L :  1 1 1 :  J 1 1 :  ?  1 1  r  i  1 1 1 :  J 1 1  [  1 1 1 L  i  1 1 1  ■ ;  1 1 1 : 1 1 1 : :  1 1 . .  1 1 L ,  i  I L  L  J 1 1  >;  1 1 1 :  J 1 1 L  i  1 1 1 . :  1 1 1 1 1 1 L  - :  1 1 . '  1 1 .  ;  1 1  l  ,  1 1 1 . 1 1 1  l L 1 1 1 L  i  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1  j  1 1 1 ;  1 1 1 L  i  1 1  b  1 1 1 1 1  ■  j  1 1 1 1  j  1 1  ■ ,3 

^iiimimiiimimiimiimiimiiimimimimimmmimimmiiiimiimiiiiimimiimiimimimimiimmiiimimimiimmmmimimiimimmiiuiiimm'UMm 


Contractors  to  Governments 
Municipalities,  Manufacturers,  Etc. 

Hardware,  Metals  and  Sundries 
Suppliers  of  Engineering,  Naval  and 

Marine  Stores 

Representatives  of  Manufacturers 

Purchasing,  Selling  and  Commission 

Agents 


W.  Z.  Zee  &  Sons 

(ZUNG  LEE  &  SONS,  ESTABLISHED  1895) 

A 1299  Broadway,  Shanghai 


Telephones: 
N.  1468  and  N.  1% 

MM; 

Cable  Address: 
"ZUNGLEE"  SHANGHAI 


^iiiiiiiimiiiimiimmiimimiiimiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiii iiiiiiiiijiiitiiitiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiittiiiiiiiitaiitiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiittiiitaiitiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiriiitiMiitiitJiiitfiijiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiJiiiiMiii  iiiiiitiinif  tiiriiu  tiiiiini  j  iiuiiii  tiiitiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiititrs 


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G.  P.  STEINBERG  &  SONS 

MANUFACTURERS,  IMPORTERS  AND  EXPORTERS 

HEAD  OFFICE:  TIENTSIN,  CHINA 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE:  2  RECTOR  STREET 

SAN  FRANCISCO  OFFICE 

260  CALIFORNIA  STREET 

HARBIN  OFFICE:  38-84  BOLSHOI  PROSPECT 

DAIREN  OFFICE:  23  NICHIDORI 


)  All  Standard  Codes 
Codes     A.  B.  C.  5th  Edition 
I  Bentley's 

Cable  Address 

Steinmoran 

Agencies 

Vladivostock 

Manchuria 

Hailar 


^Tcl  UEllltlllEiaillllllLll EJ llEBJIIItlllll*llltllir*lllili:illllltlllllllLilllilll]l IMlJiMJiEIULEMltllllllllllllEEiaj iMlllllJ/MJJtllllllJIlllMIMMIlfFIIIIMIltllllllllMllllllMILIIIIlllMMIIEIIIEIIIirlllJMMIIIJllllJlMltllliriUtniJFMJlEllllllJMIJIMUMJJIIIUMIJIIllMIJllliaiMlllllMIIJlliaitlllltlltlllllllllllllEllll-llllrEl  1"=^ 


^^■MiiiiiiiiiifiiiiFFiiTiEijitiiiciii  1  EiiiiEMiJ  Fiiitiiij  Fiij  i  EiM  riiiitiij  i  lit]  riii  [1111  iiEi  rill  rriiiiii3i[MTrMTtiiifiiiiEFiijiiiaiiiiTEi!]  mm  [EiijiiiTriiiiEiiiiiiriiMriiiiiiisifrii  i  FiEj  i  rij  i  til  i  riijiEii  Fiiii  tiij  cii  1 1  til  rill  Fiiiicii  i  Fiiitiii  11111  riiiaMii-iiiiiiiiaiiiiiiiiiiiMiMi£iiiriiiaiii3iiiii  i  iiiaiiirFiMLiiriiiMtiiiikiiiiEiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiaiitaaiEaaaiaB 

I  Rolph,  Mills  &  Company 

General  Shipping  and   Commission   Merchants 
EXPORTS  and  IMPORTS 


SEATTLE 


Direct  Representatives  of  Eastern  Manufacturers  of  Principal  American  Goods 
PORTLAND  LOS   ANGELES  NEW  YORK 


CHICAGO 


F.iiiiiiiiimiimiimimiiminiiimiimimiiimim iiiiiiiiiiiimiuiiimiiiiiiniimii mimilmmmmmimmimlllllllimimiimimii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimiNiiimiimiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiimiii iiiiiiiiiiiini iiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin miiiiiiiililllimi 


^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiimiiliiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiliiii milium iiimiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiimiiiiimiimiimmiimiiiiimiri iiimimimiimiiiiiiiii Ill iiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiliiiililililimiiiiiiliiiliillllmimiimimmillllimiimimillliimiilliiiililiiillllllilllli'-- 

THE  CHUNG  MEI  TRADING  CORPORATION 

IMPORT     ::    EXPORT 


President.  MR.  C.  C.  NIEH 


All  Codes  Used 
!    Cable:  "Chungmel  Shanghai" 


Address:  S  11  Ningpo  Road,  Shanghai,  China 


U.  S.  Box  764 


5uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiuiiiiniiiiiiniiiuiiiiiiiiiiiin«niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiMiiiiiiiuiiiiii iiiiiuiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiniiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 


■viiimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiimii miiimmiiiiiimiimiiimimilllllillllillimimiimimiimimiiiiilmlimiimimimiilii iimiimimiiiiiimimmiimiimimiimii iiiiilililillllllllillllllllllliiilliliiliiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiimiiii'j 


TRAFFIC  MANAGERS 


EXPORT 


SHIP  BROKERS 


WESTERN  TRAFFIC  SERVICE 


Marsh-Strong  Bldg. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CALIF.  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  Address  "WESTRAF" 

Codes 

A.  B.  C.  Sth  Improved— Western  Union 


FREIGHT  FORWARDERS 


IMPORT 


C.  I.  F.  QUOTATIONS  A.  B.  C.  Sth  Improved-Western  Union  DOCUMENTATION 

gtmiimiiiiiimmiimmiu iiuuuiiiJijlluUllluillllllllilluiillililllillllllllllllllllllllulllllMllllllllMlllliiilllllllUllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllli m miiiiiiimimiitiiiiiiimiiniiiiiiiiimi iiiiiiiiiiimiiiinimiiiiimi imiimiiimi nun i mini iiiiiiiiiimin' 


166 


Pan   Pacific 


^jilltllllllll  ;illli1lltJllltlllliMll>lllilllllllllllllllllilliliiijr:iitii3ijiiiitiijiiiitiiiiiiiii>iiiiiijjiiiiiitiiiiil<lMitiiijMi»iiiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiitiiiiiiiii>iiitiiitjiiitiiiiiiiiiiii<tllJtllltil>itiiiiiiiixiiiiiiiiiililtJll»IJItlllillltllliltiiii Minimum iiiiinmiimi i iiiiiiiiiiiiilllillilimiimiimiiii n mi| 

TO  FOREIGN  BOTTLERS  AND  BREWERS: 

We  offer  you  CROWN  CORKS  of  various  qualities  and  grades  at  prices  which  cannot  be  surpassed. 
Manufactured  in  San  Francisco,  assures  you  of  prompt  shipment  at  lowest  rates. 

Write  direct  for  prices  and  samples,  or  specify  Western  Stopper  Company  Crowns  when  ordering 
through  your  broker. 

THE  WESTERN  STOPPER  COMPANY 

2800  TWENTIETH  STREET  SAN  FRANCISCO,  U.  S.  A. 

Cable   Address:      WESTOPCO.,   San   Francisco 

ni iimiillMlllilm miimi i milin Illll i i limilliiimiimimi illllllillimillllliimiiiiimiimil iimimmmilii i tlllliilliimillliiili imiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiimii mi iiiiiiiimimiimiiiiiiiiiiiiii illllll'miimimii,mmmiiiij 

iiiiiiiiiiimii i  >■  j  1 1 1  j  ■  1 1  j  ■  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  ■ mimiini i n iiiiiiii mill iiiiMiiiiiiiminiiii iiimiiiimmimimimiimmiiiiiiimmniiii iiiiiim miiiiiiiiiiimmnimim iiiiiiiiiimiiiiiimiiiuiiiiiimii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiuiiir. 


P.  /.  SEALE  &  COMPANY 


485   California  Street 
San  Francisco 


-•-Cargo  Surveyors  and  Appraisers  Exclusively 


TELEPHONE  SUTTER   4893 

KjiuiuniHiiimuwiHiiiiuiiiiimmmmmiiNiiiiiMiiiimim 

^triiirtiii»liiiriillflliiriirtiiiriiiriiiiiiiiitiiiitiiiTii>TiliFiTllitf  ill  tiiiiiiiiiiiitJiiriiiiTiiiiiiiriiirTiiiiiiiitiiiifiiiPlliiiliKiiiiiiiitiiJJiiiJriii  tiiimiiilllllllllll^        "£J^r  i  1 1  ■  m  j  I  r  u  i  r  r  m  i  r  j  1 1 1  t  m  1 1 1  n  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  1 1  r  u  j  r »  m  r  r  f  1 1  r  m  i  t  t  m  i  f  c  m  r  1 1 1 1 1  m  i  r  x  1 1 1  r  r  1 1  m  m  a  j  j  n  i ;  1 1  u  m  1 1 1  j  i  r  n  i  r  i  ]  i  r  r  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m  i  r  1 1  j  i  r  r  1 1 1 1  r  j  1 1 1  t  j  i  r  i  n  i  m  1 1  m  f  1 1 1  rr: 


Good  Used  Machinery  and 
Power  Plant  Equipment 


Electrical  Equipment 
Sawmill  Machinery 
Boilers 
Engines 


LOCOMOTIVES 
from  5  to  80  tons 
both  geared  and 
rod 


Machinery  Supply  Company 


801-2  L.  C.  SMITH  BLDG. 


Machinery  and  Equipments 

FOR  CHEMICAL,  SUGAR  and  INDUSTRIAL  PLANTS 

Write  Me  Your  Requirements 

BARTHOLOMEW     VIOLA,     M.     E. 

CONSULTING  AND  EXPORTING  ENGINEER 

Member  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers 

309  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK,  U.  S.  A. 


Elliott  4041 


SEATTLE   I 


aiimimiimimiimiimi  mi  i  mi  inn  itiiiiiiiiuiiiii  mil  iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuinT 
^rjirt^iit^iiLiiirriiiriiirfiirriiMriiirMiitiiirtJiiin [riiiriiiriiirriiiiiuiLiirriiiKiiriiiiMi riiiruiitjirtiiitiJiriijriuriMtriiirrtirrritriiirEiiiitJMtiiirjii^^ 


VICTOR  PATRON 


7<i)iiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiuiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiuiiiniiiiiiiiiimiimii 


iiiitiiiHinuiiiHiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiii; 


IMPORT 
EXPORT 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
OCEANIC  BLDG.,  No.  2  Pine  Street 

MAZATLAN,  MEXICO 

CABLE:  'PATRON" 


^^riiifiiitTiiiiiin  riiiiiiiiiiiiitiriiiiiiiiiiriiiuiiiiiiiiiiii  riiiiiiiujiiixiiitTrrTtiiiriiiitciiitiiiiiiit  iiiiTtiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiittMitiiiiJiiaiiiiitiiiiiiitiiiitiirr 


/.mimimiimimiimmiimiimimiimmnm iiimilliimiiumilllimmilllll mimiminim m iiimiimiiimimiiiimmiiir 

EXPORTERS  OF 
Cinnamon,  Gardamons,  Cocoa,  Citron- 
I   ella   Oil,   Plumbago,   Coffee,   Tea, 
j    Bristle  and  Mattress  Fibre,  Desic- 
I   cated  Cocoanut  and  all  other 
j   Ceylon  Produce.             ^coVJ? 
|   Correspondence       CM^ 

y^  %Z^    tion  1912  for  Coffee  and 
^SS^S^         Gingelly  Oil.     The  Only   I 
Holders    of    Special    Gold   I 
Medal  for  Coffee  in  the  C.  B.   | 
T.  S.  Exhibition  held  in  1909. 

Cable   Address:    "ENTARENOOG,"  Colombo 
Codes:  A. B.C.  5th   Ed.,   Bentley's  and  Private  Code         I 

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The  Only  First 
Prize  Winners  in 
All-Ceylon  Exhibi- 


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A.  A.  M.  SALEEM 

SHIP  CHANDLER,  IMPORT  AND  EXPORT  MERCHANT 

IMPORTER  of  Estate  Tools,  Building  Materials,  Mining  Implements,  Explosives  and  all  kinds  of  General  Hardware. 
EXPORTER  of  Ceylon  Produce,  viz.,  Tea,  Coffee,  Cocoa,  Rubber,  Plumbago,  Copra,  Cocoanut  Oil,  etc. 

No.  44  THIRD  CROSS  STREET,  COLOMBO,  CEYLON 
Telegrams:   Giant-Colombo  All  Standard  Codes  Used  Telephones:  596,  1079       1 

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[RON  AND  STEEL  PRODUCTS/ £#  \J    MARTIN  \0il  and  Gas  En&ines 


Steam  Engines  and  Boilers 
Oil  Mill  Machinery 
Hoisting  Machinery 
Marine  Engines 


Factory  Export  Sales  Representative 

72  FREMONT  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO.  U.  S.  A. 

Cable  "Hydramine  San  Francisco" 

Codes:  Bentley's,  A.  B.  C  6th  Edition 

DIRECT  FACTORY  CONNECTION  OR  AGENCIES  OFFERED 

Write  for  Associated  Manufacturer's  Catalogue 


Pumps — all  types 

Pneumatic  Water  Systems 
Portable  Electric  Plants 
Special  Machinery 


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W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  332  Pine  Street 
NEW  YORK,  Hanover  Square 

Importers  Exporters 

Letters  of  Credit  Foreign  Exchange 

Cable  Transfers 


AGENCIES: 

Seattle 

Peru 

Costa  Rica 

Panama 

Los  Angeles 

Guatemala 

Nicaragua 

Ecuador 

New  Orleans 

Salvador 

Chile 

Bolivia 

General  Agents 

JOHNSON  LINE 

Direct  Bi-Monthly  Service  Between  San  Francisco  and  Scandinavian  Ports 

General  Agents 

ATLANTIC  &  PACIFIC  S.  S.  CO. 

Service  temporarily  suspended 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports,  Direct  Service.     No  Transshipment. 

General  Agents 

MERCHANTS  LINE 
UNITED  STATES  AND  PACIFIC  LINE 

Operating  Between  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coast  Ports  and  West  Coast  South  America 


GRACE  BROTHERS  ( INDIA)  Ltd, 
Calcutta,  India 


GRACE  CHINA  COMPANY  Inc. 
Shanghai,  China 


EXPORTERS  of  all  American  products, 
including  especially  Iron  and  Steel,  Salmon, 
Flour,  Canned  Goods,  Dried  Fruits,  Chem- 
icals, Lumber  and  Machinery. 

— Also — 
Nitrate — Direct  shipments  from  Chilean 
Nitrate  Ports  to  Japan  and  other  Far  East 
destinations. 
Coffee. 


IMPORTERS  of  all  raw  materials  from 
South  and  Central  America,  Japan  and  Far 
East,  including: 

Wool,  Cotton,  Hides  and  Skins. 

All  edibles — Rice,  Beans,  Cocoanuts,  Pea- 
nuts, Tapioca,  Pepper,  Cassia  and  Tea. 

Oils,  Copra,  Rubber,  Jute,  Hemp. 


LARGE  STOCKS  OF  ORIENTAL  IMPORTS  CARRIED  AT 
SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  SEATTLE 


GRACE  BROS.  &  CO.,  Ltd. 
London  and  Liverpool 


W.  R.  GRACE  &  CO.'S  BANK 
New  York 


GRACE  &  CO. 
Rio  de  Janeiro  BRAZIL  Santos 


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uuniul 


"SUNSHINE 
BELT" 


PACIFIC  MAIL 
Steamship  Co. 

"Sunshine  Belt"  to  Orient 

PASSENGERS  AND   FREIGHT 


Trans-Pacific  Service 

San  Francisco,  Honolulu,  Japan,  China  and  Philippines 

Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"VENEZUELA"  "ECUADOR"  "COLOMBIA" 


Manila — East  India  Service 

Direct  Route  to 

INDIA  via  Manila,  Saigon,  Singapore,  Calcutta,  Colombo 

Approximate  Bi-Monthly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 
"COLUSA"  "SANTA  CRUZ" 


Panama  Service 


Mexico,  Central  America,  Panama,  and  South  America 

Fortnightly  Sailings  by  American  Steamers 

"NEWPORT"  "PERU"  "CITY  OF  PARA" 

"SAN  JOSE"  "SAN  JUAN" 


Service  and  Cuisine  Unexcelled 


For  Full  Information  Apply 

General  Office  508  California  Street 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA 


«&*• 


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