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THE    PARALLEL    PSALTER 


HENRY   FROWDE,   M.A. 

PUBLISHER  TO  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  OXFORD 

LONDON,  EDINBURGH 

NEW  YORK 


THE 

PARALLEL  PSALTER 

BEING 

THE   PRAYER-BOOK   VERSION   OF 
THE   PSALMS 

AND 

A   NEW   VERSION 

ARRANGED    ON    OPPOSITE    PAGES 

WITH  AN  INTRODUCTION  AND  GLOSSARIES 

By  THE 

REV.  S.  R. ^DRIVER,  D.D. 
Hon.  Litt.D.  Dublin,  Hon.  D.D.  Glasgow 

REGIUS  PROFESSOR   OF   HEBREW,    AND    CANON   OF   CHRIST   CHURCH,   OXFORD 

SECOND  EDITION  V-""^   ^^^ 


O 


S^' 


OXFORD 
AT    THE    CLARENDON    PRESS 

1904 


OXFORD 

PRINTED   AT  THE   CLARENDON   PRESS 

BY   HORACE   HART,   M.A. 
PRINTER  TO  THE   UNIYERSITV 


PREFACE  TO  THE  FIRST  EDITION 


The  present  volume  is  designed  as  a  help  to  the 
comprehension  of  the  Psalms.  The  Prayer-Book 
Version  of  the  Psalms,  with  which  English  Church- 
men are  mostly  familiar,  while  possessing  high  literary 
merits,  labours  unfortunately  under  serious  defects 
as  a  translation  :  many  passages  in  it  express  the 
sense  of  the  original  only  more  or  less  imperfectly, 
while  there  are  others  which  cannot  be  said  to 
express  it  at  all.  Hence  it  occurred  to  me  that 
there  might  be  some  who,  not  having  the  time  or 
the  inclination  to  study  elaborate  Commentaries, 
might  nevertheless  be  glad  to  have  a  trustworthy 
version  of  the  Psalms,  which  could  be  readily  com- 
pared with  the  Prayer-Book  Psalter,  and  with  the 
help  of  which  they  could  ascertain  and  correct  for 
themselves  the  deficiencies  of  the  latter.  Accord- 
ingly I  conceived  the  plan  of  the  present  volume. 
On  the  left-hand  page  is  printed  the  Prayer-Book 
Version,  on  the  right-hand  page  a  new  version, 
modelled  as  far  as  was  practicable  upon  the  Prayer- 
Book  Version  itself,  but  designed  generally  with  the 
view  of  bringing  out,  as  fully  and  clearly  as  I  was 
able  to  do,  the  meaning  of  the  original.  I  have 
endeavoured  in  my  translation  to  avoid  a  needless 
and  unidiomatic  literalism  :  at  the  same  time,  pre- 
cision rather  than  hterary  excellence  has  been   my 


VI  PREFACE 

primary  aim ;  for  my  desire  has  been  not  to  produce 
a  version  to  supersede  the  Prayer-Book  Psalter,  but 
to  produce  a  version  which  may  be  read  beside  it 
and  explain  it.  Although  my  translation  is  intended 
in  the  first  instance  for  the  use  of  readers  not  con- 
versant with  Hebrew,  those  acquainted  with  Hebrew 
may,  I  trust,  in  some  instances  find  it  serviceable ;  for 
as  they  read  the  Prayer-Book  Version  beside  it,  the 
principles  of  translation  which  I  have  followed  will, 
I  hope,  enable  them  to  recall  more  readily  than  they 
could  do  without  its  assistance,  the  expressions  and 
phraseology  of  the  original.  In  the  case  of  uncertain 
and  difficult  passages,  where  it  seemed  to  me  desir- 
able to  notice  alternative  renderings  or  readings,  this 
has  been  done  in  the  foot-notes,  which  also  include  a 
minimum  of  explanation  on  passages,  or  expressions, 
the  sense  of  which  might  not  be  apparent  to  all 
readers.  The  Introduction  contains  some  account 
of  the  origin  and  history  of  the  Prayer-Book  Psalter, 
and  an  explanation,  in  greater  detail  than  can  be 
stated  in  a  Preface,  of  the  principles  of  transla- 
tion which  I  have  adopted.  Of  the  Glossaries,  the 
first  contains  a  select  Hst  of  words  and  phrases  of 
frequent  occurrence  in  the  Psalter,  with  explanations 
(in  certain  cases)  of  their  import  and  meaning,  which 
I  hope  may  be  found  useful  by  students  of  the 
Psalms;  the  second  is 'intended  to  illustrate  and 
elucidate  the  principal  Archaisms  occurring  in  the 
Prayer-Book  Version,  especially  those  of  a  kind 
liable  to  mislead  the  reader. 

S.  R.  D. 

Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
April,  1898. 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

Introduction ix 

List  of  Authorities  referred  to        ...         .  xlvii 

The  Parallel  Psalter         ......  i 

Glossary    I.      Characteristic    or    otherwise    note- 
worthy expressions  occurring  in  the  Psalms  437 
Glossary  II.     Select  List   of  Archaisms  occurring 

in  the  Prayer  Book  Version  of  the  Psalms  .  466 


INTRODUCTION 


The  Prayer-Book  Version  of  the  Psalms  is,  with  insigni- 
ficant variations,  that  which  is  contained  in  the  so-called 
'Great  Bible' of  1539-1541.  The  sixteenth  century  was 
the  age  of  Bible-translation.  Certainly,  to  John  Wycliffe 
must  belong  the  honour  of  having  been  the  first  to  give 
the  English  nation,  in  its  own  vernacular,  a  complete 
translation  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments  (A.  D.  1382) ; 
but  Wycliffe's  version  was  not  made  directly  from  the 
original  texts,  but  based  upon  the  Vulgate,  and  it  was  not 
disseminated  by  the  agency  of  the  printing-press  \  The 
invention  of  the  printing-press,  and  the  revival  of  learning, 
which  had  marked  the  preceding  century,  caused  a  new 
interest  to  be  directed  towards  the  Scriptures  of  both  the 
Old  and  the  New  Testament ;  and  a  strong  desire  began 
to  be  manifested  both  to  study  them  more  closely  in  their 
original  languages,  and  also  to  publish  them,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  Church  at  large,  in  translations  worthier 
and  more  exact  than  any  which  existed  hitherto.     The 

*  Wycliffe's  version  was  revised  by  John  Purvey  in  1388. 
Both  texts  were  published  in  full,  in  parallel  columns,  by 
Forshall  and  Madden  in  4  vols,  quarto,  1850.  Convenient  re- 
prints of  Purvej^'s  revision  of  the  N.  T.,  and  of  the  Books  of 
Job,  Psalms,  Proverbs,  Ecclesiastes,  and  the  Song  of  Solomon, 
were  edited  by  Dr.  Skeat  in  1879  and  1881  respectively. 


X  INTRODUCTION 

limits  of  an  introduction  do  not  permit  me  to  describe  in 
detail  the  long  and  chequered  story  of  the  opposition  with 
which  the  ecclesiastical  authorities  of  the  day  met  the 
endeavour  to  impart  to  the  laity  the  new  light  which 
the  age  had  provided,  or  of  the  means  by  which,  not 
without  much  bodily  hardship  and  peril,  it  was  ultimately 
overcome^:  I  must  confine  myself  to  the  literary  aspects 
of  the  subject.  The  first  part  of  the  Hebrew  Bible  which 
was  printed  was  the  Psalter,  with  the  annotations  of  the 
celebrated  grammarian  and  commentator  David  Kimchi 
(thirteenth  century)  in  1477  (probably  at  Bologna)  :  the 
entire  Hebrew  Bible  was  first  printed  at  Soncino  in  14S8. 
In  15 16-17  and  1524-25  there  were  published  by  Daniel 
Bomberg  at  Venice  the  two  great  'Rabbinical'  Bibles, 
containing  in  the  middle  of  the  page,  in  parallel  columns, 
the  Hebrew  text  and  the  Targum,  and  exhibiting  around 
them  a  selection  of  the  Commentaries  of  the  most  dis- 
tinguished Jewish  teachers,  — in  particular  those  of  Rashi 
(eleventh  century),  Ibn  Ezra  (twelfth  century),  and  David 
Kimchi  ^  The  first  edition  of  the  Greek  New  Testament, 
accompanied  by  a  new  Latin  version,  was  pubhshed  by 
Erasmus  in  15 16:  other  editions  by  the  same  scholar 
followed  in  1 5 1 9  and  1522.  The  celebrated  Complutensian 
Polyglott  appeared  at  Alcala,  in  Spain,  in  1520.  Luther 
published  the  New  Testament  in  German  in  1522;  the 
Pentateuch  in  1523;  the  historical  and  poetical  books  in 
1524;   and  the  complete  Old  Testament  in  1534.     The 

1  See  particulars  in  WestCott's  History  of  the  English  Bible 
(ed.  2,  1872)  ;  Eadie's  The  English  Bible  (2  vols.,  1876)  ;  Mom- 
bert's  English  Versions  oj  the  Bible  (preface  dated  1883)  ;  in 
a  more  popular  form,  in  Stoughton's  Our  English  Bible  (no 
date  :  probably  1878  or  1879). 

2  See,  more  fully,  on  early  editions  of  the  Hebrew  Bible, 
Dr.  Ginsburg's  valuable  Introduction  to  the  Hebrew  Bible,  1897, 
esp.  p.  779  ff. 


INTRODUCTION  XI 


Zurich  version— so  called  because  it  was  the  work  of 
a  band  of  Ziirich  scholars,  including  Zwingli,  Pellican, 
and  Leo  Juda — began,  with  a  translation  of  the  Prophets, 
in  1524,  and  was  completed  in  1529. 

1525  was  the  memorable  year  in  which,  amid  much 
difficulty  and  danger,  William  Tyndale  succeeded  in  pub- 
lishing his  English  New  Testament — the  first  translation, 
into  our  language,  made  directly  from  the  Greek.  Tyn- 
dale's  Pentateuch  followed  in  1530;  and  a  revised  edition 
of  both  the  New  Testament  and  the  Pentateuch  in  1534. 
In  1528  Sanctes  Pagninus  published  a  Latin  version  of 
the  entire  Bible.  In  1534-35  Sebastian  Miinster,  court- 
preacher  at  Heidelberg,  printed,  in  two  goodly  volumes  of 
795  pages,  a  text  of  the  Hebrew  Old  Testament,  accom- 
panied by  a  new  Latin  translation  of  the  Old  Testament*, 
and  annotations  based  often  upon  the  Commentaries  of 
mediaeval  Jewish  scholars.  Coverdale's  epoch-making 
translation  of  the  whole  Bible  (including  the  Apocrypha) 
was  published  in  1535.  In  1537  there  appeared  Matthew's 
Bible,  which  however  possessed  but  little  independent 
value,  and  consisted  in  fact,  with  unimportant  alterations, 
of  a  combination  of  Tyndale's  Pentateuch  and  New  Testa- 
ment, of  a  translation  which  had  been  prepared  by  Tyndale 
but  not  published,  of  the  other  historical  books  of  the  Old 
Testament,  and  of  Coverdale's  prophetical  and  poetical 
books.  The '  Great  Bible'  was  published,  in  seven  editions, 
in  1539-41.  Of  subsequent  versions,  the  only  ones  which 
need  be  mentioned  here  are  the  Genevan  Bible  of  1560, 
the  work  of  English  exiles  in  Geneva — a  quarto  volume, 
of  convenient  size,  with  a  brief  marginal  commentary, 
which  rapidly  became  popular,  and  was  often  reprinted^ 
and  the  Bishops'  Bible  of  1568,  both  of  which  prepared 
the  way  for  the  Authorized  Version  of  161 1. 

^  Gen. -2  Kings,  1534  ;  the  rest  of  the  O.  T.  1535. 


XU  INTRODUCTION 

The  dates  given  in  the  preceding  paragraphs  are  impor- 
tant for  two  reasons :  firstly,  they  are  evidence  of  the 
activity  in  Bible-publication  and  Bible-translation,  which 
marked  especially  the  first  half  of  the  sixteenth  century ; 
and  secondly,  they  provide  us  with  the  means  of  studying 
the  versions  in  question  chronologically,  and  so  of  deter- 
mining the  influences  under  which  each  was  made.  Thus 
a  comparison  of  Tyndale's  version  with  those  of  his  pre- 
decessors shows  that,  while  influenced  by  the  Vulgate, 
and  also  by  Luther's  translation,  it  was  in  reality  based 
throughout  upon  the  original  texts.  Coverdale,  in  his 
dedicatory  Epistle  to  the  king,  as  well  as  in  his  Prologue 
to  the  reader,  disclaims  originahty  for  his  work,  and 
expressly  states  that  he  had  fgllowed  largely  '  five  sundry 
interpreters  ' — probably,  to  judge  from  internal  evidence, 
the  Vulgate,  Luther,  the  Ziirich  version,  Sanctes  Pagninus, 
and  Tyndale^  The  'Great  Bible,'  with  which  we  are 
here  more  immediately  concerned,  owed  its  origin  to  the 
zeal  of  Thomas  Crumwell,  Earl  of  Essex,  at  that  time 
chief  minister  of  Henry  VIII,  who  had  already  lent  his 
aid  both  to  Coverdale  and  to  Matthew,  and  who  now,  it 
seems,  invited  Coverdale  to  undertake  the  preparation  of 
a  revised  translation,  on  the  basis  of  Matthew's  Bible, 
but  with  a  more  systematic  collation  of  the  Hebrew  and 
Greek  originals  than  had  been  previously  attempted.  It 
was  the  intention  of  those  engaged  upon  this  work  that  it 
should  be  printed  in  Paris ;  and  several  sheets  had  been 
already  printed  there,  when  an  order  came  from  the 
inquisitor-general  for  France,  forbidding  the  further  pro- 
gress of  the  work.  Coverdale,  with  his  publisher  Grafton, 
had  accordingly  to  leave  Paris  in  haste :  and  the  printing 
was  completed  in  London.  The  book  was  published  in 
April,  1539.     At   almost   the   same   time,  an   injunction 

1  Especially  the  Zurich  version  :  see  Westcott,  pp.  169-171, 
187  f,  192-9.  313-320. 


INTRODUCTION  XIU 


published  by  Crumwell,  with  the  king's  authority,  required 
a  copy  to  be  set  up  in  some  convenient  place  in  every 
church  in  the  kingdom  before  a  specified  day.  The 
success  of  the  publication  was  thus  ensured;  and  we 
read  in  addition  of  the  singular  eagerness  with  which 
practically  all  classes  of  society  sought  to  acquaint  them- 
selves with  the  contents  of  the  hitherto  unknown  Book— 
*  everybody  that  could  bought  the  book,  or  busily  read  it 
or  got  others  to  read  it  to  them  if  they  could  not  them- 
selves, and  divers  more  elderly  people  learned  to  read  on 
purpose.'  A  second  edition  of  the  Great  Bible,  with  a 
partially  revised  text,  followed  in  April,  1540  ;  a  third  and 
fourth  in  July  and  November,  1540;  a  fifth,  sixth,  and 
seventh  in  May,  November,  and  December,  respectively, 
1541.  These  six  editions  have  all  a  preface  by  Thomas 
Cranmer,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and  are  sometimes 
spoken  of  for  distinctness  as  Cranmer's  Bibles  ^ 

The  '  Great  Bible'  well  deserves  the  name  by  which  it 
is  known.  It  is  a  magnificent  black-letter  folio  of  some 
1050  pages,  larger  than  that  of  Coverdale  or  Matthew, 
and  only  equalled,  twenty-nine  years  afterwards,  by  the 
Bishops'  Bible.  The  translation  was  left  less  complete 
than  Coverdale  designed.  There  still  stand  in  the  text 
the  marks  o)t  and  (in  the  first  three  editions)  ^°,  pre- 
fixed to  certain  passages,  the  former  pointing  to  a  'diversity 
of  reading  among  the  Hebrews,  Chaldees  and  Greeks  and 
Latinists ;  as  in  a  table  at  the  end  of  the  book  shall  be 
declared,'  and  the  latter  to  an  annotation,  intended  to 
follow  at  the  close  of  the  volume,  '  which  we  have  written 
without  any  private  opinion,  only  after  the  best  inter- 
preters of  the  Hebrews,  for  the  more  clearness  of  the 

^  Minute  bibliographical  information  respecting  the  seven 
editions  are  given  by  Mr.  Francis  Fry  in  his  Description  qf  the 
Great  Bible  {io\ ,  1865). 


^IV  INTRODUCTION 


text,'     Neither  of  these  Appendices  was  ever  added  to 
the  volume. 

The  sotcrces  of  the  characteristic  renderings  of  the 
Great  Bible  have  been  made  clear  by  Dr.  (afterwards 
Bishop)  Westcott  in  his  interesting  and  instructive  work, 
which  has  been  already  referred  to,  A  History  of  the 
English  Bible.  The  text  which  was  taken  as  the  basis  was 
that  of  Matthew's  Bible  (1537) ;  and  this  was  revised  by 
Coverdale  with  the  help  of  Seb.  Miinster's  Latin  version, 
which  had  appeared  in  1534-35,  though  hardly  in  time  to 
be  used  by  Coverdale  in  his  own  translation  of  1535.  Two 
examples  will  be  sufficient  to  substantiate  these  state- 
ments. Ps.  xix.  7  is  in  Coverdale's  version  (1535),  and 
Matthew's  (1537) : 

The  law  of  the  Lord  is  2l  perfect  law  ;  it  quichencth  the  soul : 
the  testimony  of  the  Lord  is  true,  and  giveth  wisdom  even  unto 
babes. 

Seb.  Miinster  has : 

Lex  domini  immaculata,  convcrtcns  animam  :  testimonium 
^Qmxmfiruiimi,  sapienter  erudiens  simpliccm. 

In  the  Great  Bible  : 

The  law  of  the  Lord  is  an  undefiled  law,  converting  the  soul : 
the  testimony  of  the  Lord  is  sure,  and  giveth  wisdom  unto  the 
simple. 

Ps.  li.  6,  Coverdale  and  Matthew : 

Thou  hast  a  pleasure  in  the  truth  and  shewest  me  secret 
wisdom. 

Miinster  : 

Veritatem  exigis  in  interioribus  et  in  occulta  sapientiam  me 
scire  fades. 

Great  Bible : 

Thou  rcquirest  truth  in  the  inward  paris,  and  shalt  make  me 
to  understand  wisdom  secretly  ^ 

*  See  further  illustrations  in  Westcott,  pp.  187-192;  Eadie, 
i.  367-369  (Ps.  ii  and  xxiii);  Kirkpatrick  on  Ps.  cxli  (p.  Soo  f.). 


INTRODUCTION  XV 


The  seven  editions  of  the  Great  Bible,  while  exhibiting 
substantially  the  same  text,  nevertheless  differ  frequently 
in  details :  in  particular,  the  prophets  and  poetical  books 
appear  to  have  been  revised  a  second  time  by  Coverdale 
for  the  second  edition  (April,  1540),  and  to  have  had  then 
further  alterations  introduced  into  them,  based  largely 
upon  Miinsteri.  The  edition  of  July,  1540,  agrees  mostly 
with  that  of  April,  1540;  but  it  is  remarkable  that  the 
subsequent  editions  frequently  revert  to  the  renderings  of 
the  first  edition  of  April,  1 539  '^.  Some  of  the  most  familiar 
passages  in  the  Prayer-Book  Version  are  due  to  the 
revision  of  1 540.     Thus 

1539-  1540. 

Ps.  ii.  I  Why  do  the  heathen       Why  do  the  heathen  so  furi- 
grudge  together?  ously  rage  together?  (Miin- 

ster :    ad  titmultum   conve- 
itiimf). 
ix.  6  destructions  are  come  to       destructions    are    come   to   a 
an  end.  perpetual  end  (so  Munster). 

xviii.  3  the  brooks  of  ungodli-       the  overflowings  of  ungodli- 
ness, ness      (Munster  :     munda- 

hones). 
xxxii.  7  in  due  season.  in  a  time  when  thou  mayest 

be  found  (so  Munster). 
cxxix.  6  even  as  the  hay  upon      even   as   the   grass    growing 
the  housetops.  upon  the  housetops  (Miin- 

ster  :    sicut  hnba  (crescens) 
in  teciis). 
cxliii.  3  as  the  dead  men  of      as   the  men    that    have  been 
the  world.  long  dead  (so  Munster) '. 

At  the  time  when  both  the  First  (1549)  and  the  Second 
(1552)  Prayer-Books   of  Edward  VI  were  set  forth,  the 

^  Westcott,  pp.  192-200  ;  cf.  Eadie,  i.  379-382. 
^  Westcott,  pp.  200-202. 

2  See  further  Prof.  Earle's  work  (quoted  p.  xvi,  note),  p.  xlv  ; 
and  comp.  below,  p.  xxi  ff. 


XVI  INTRODUCTION 

Great  Bible  was  still  the  authorized  English  translation 
of  the  Scriptures ;  and  it  is  net  surprising  therefore  to 
find  the  version  of  the  Psalms  contained  in  it  expressly- 
appointed  as  the  one  to  be  used  in  the  daily  services  of 
the  Church.  And  when  at  the  last  revision  of  the  Prayer- 
Book  in  1662,  it  was  directed  that  the  other  lessons  from 
Scripture  should  be  taken  from  the  version  of  161 1,  an 
exception  was  made  in  the  case  of  the  Psalter  :  the  choirs 
were  familiar  with  the  older  version,  and  it  was  felt  to  be 
'  smoother  and  more  easy  to  sing.' 

The  Psalter,  however,  as  printed  in  modern  Prayer- 
Books,  is  not  an  exact  reprint  of  the  Psalter  of  any  of  the 
editions  of  the  Great  Bible :  it  agrees  substantially  with 
the  later  editions  of  the  Great  Bible  ;  but  small  variations 
have  from  time  to  time  been  introduced,  mostly,  as  it 
seems,  by  the  early  printers,  but  without  any  authority, 
except  in  so  far  as  they  were  afterwards  implicitly 
sanctioned  by  being  adopted  in  the  revised  Prayer-Book, 
which  was  accepted  by  Convocation  in  1661,  and  annexed 
in  MS.  to  the  Act  of  Uniformity  in  1662*.  Some  of  these 
variations  have  been  noticed  by  Dr.  Westcott  (p.  214  f.) ; 
I  have  observed  others  myself ;  and  a  few  specimens  may 
be  interesting  to  readers. 

Ps.  vii.  18  GB.'-''+  the  Lord  the  most  Highest:  P.B.V.  the 
Lord  most  High. 

xi.  I  G.B.'  upon  [G.B.''  unto]  youre  hyll  [so  the  Heb.]  : 
P.B.V.  unto  the  hill. 

xii.  6  G.B.'*'  will  set  them  at  rest  :  P.B.V.  will  set  hint  at  rest. 

*  Certain  printed  copies  of  this  MS.,  certified  as  correct  under 
the  Great  Seal  in  1662,  arc  hence  called  the  Sealed  Books. 

f  I  quote  the  first  and  seventh  editions  of  the  Great  Bible 
from  the  fine  and  complete  copies  in  the  Bodleian  Library. 
The  first  edition  has  also  been  reprinted  (in  black  letter)  by 
Prof.  Earle,  with  an  introduction  and  notes,  under  the  title, 
The  Psalter  of  1539.  A  Landmark  in  English  Literature  (1892). 


INTRODUCTION  XVll 


xxviii.  I  G.B.'-"-'  if  thou  make  tliee  as  though  thou  heardest 
not :  P.B.V.  if  thou  make  as  though  thou  hearest  not. 

xxviii.  9  G.B.'-"  their  strength  [so  the  Heb.]  :  P.B.V.  my 
strength  (so  G.B.'). 

xlvi.  4  G.B.'-"-'  tabernacles  [so  the  Heb.]  ;   P.B.V.  tabernacle. 

xlvi.  8  G.B.'-^-'  destructions  [sothe  Heb.] ;  P.B.V.  destruction, 

Ixv.  5  G.B. '•'•''  in  righteousness  [so  the  Heb.]  ;  P.B.V.  in  thy 
righteousness. 

Ixix.  21  G.B.'  the  rebuke  hath  broken  [so  the  Heb.]  ;  P.B.V. 
thy  rebuke  (so  G.B.'). 

cxxxviii.  6  G.B."-'  beholdeth  hint  afar  off  ['  proud  '  is  sing,  in 
the  Heb.] ;  P.B.V.  beholdeth  them  afar  off. 

cxliv. 6 G.B.'-'/Af  lightning  [sotheHeb.];  P. B.V.% lightning. 

Some  interesting  archaisms,  also,  as  Prof  Earle  has  pointed 
out  (p.  xlviii  f.,  lii  f ,  and  ad  locc.),  have  been  silently  removed  : 
as  Ps.  xxxii.  5  '  I  wyll  knowledge  my  syiine  unto  the,'  Ixiv.  5 
'  they  courage  them  selves,'  Ixviii.  18  '  thou  art  gone  up  an  hye ' 
[G.B.'  '  on  hye  '],  Ixxx.  2  '  and  come  helpe  us'  ['  helpe  '  being 
an  iiifin. :  G.B.',  however,  '  come,  helpe  us  '],  Ixxx.  13  '  and  the 
wylde  beastes  of  the  felde  devourcth  it '  [^-eth  being  the  termin. 
of  the  3  plur.],  civ.  21  '  to  [sic~\  seke  theyr  meate  at*  God,' 
cvii.  32  '  and  have  [G.B.'  love~\  him  in  the  seat  of  the  elders' 
(J.  e.  praise  him,  Germ,  loben),  cxii.  9  '  He  hath  sparsed  abroad,' 
cxviii.  17  'I  will  not  dye,  but  lyve,'  cxxviii.  7  '  thy  chyldersf 
chyldren  '  ;  and  sprcte  regularly  for  spint.  Which,  where  it 
refers  to  persons,  has  also  frequently  been  changed  to  who,  as 
ciii-  3,  4,  5  ;  civ.  3  ;  cxxxvi.  4,  5,  6,  7,  10,  13,  &c.  And  in 
Ixxxi.  13  hertes,  cvii.  27  wittes,  cxl.  3  adders,  are  spelt  without  the 
apostrophe,  both  in  G.B.'*',  and  in  the  'Annexed 'Prayer-Book. 

In  Ps.  Ixviii.  4  the  curious  misprint  j/^a  iox  Jah  is  found 
already  in  the  second  edition  (April,  1540)  of  the  Great 
Bible  itself:  this  error  continued  throughout  the  seven- 
teenth century,  being  found  even  in  the  Annexed  Prayer- 
Book  of  1662  !     Dr.  Westcott   says  he  does  not  know 

*  This  at  '  is  true  English  :  a  noble  archaism  .  .  .  we  may 
wonder  how  it  was  ever  suffered  to  drop  out  of  use'  (^Earle). 
"t*  'Still  living  language  in  Yorkshire  '  (Earle). 

b 


XVI 11  INTRODUCTION 


-definitely  when  the  true  reading  was  first  restored :    he 
has  observed  the  error  in  a  Prayer-Book  printed  at  Oxford 
in  1698,  while  he  has  found  it  corrected  in  one  printed  in 
the  same  place  in  1703.    Two  or  three  other  old  misprints 
are  corrected  for  the  first  time,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  in 
the  present  edition  of  the  P.  B.  Psalter.     'Cherubi/zs'  in 
18^"  80^  99^  is  in  accordance  with  the  Great  Bible  in  all 
three  passages,  and  with  the  Annexed  Prayer-Book  in  i8^'\ 
and  is  the  correct  old  English  form  (see  below,  p.  468). 
In  XXXV.   15  'mouths'  is  nothing  but  either  a  misprint, 
or  a  mistaken  correction,  for  'mowes'  {i.e.  grimaces)  : 
though  the  correction  found  its  way  into  the  Annexed 
Book,  the  true  reading  retained  its  place,  according  to 
Mr.  Aldis  Wright  ^  in  many  Prayer-Books  down  to  at 
least  16S7.     In   Ixxvi.  10  'the  fierceness   of  them  shalt 
thou  refrain,'  I  was,  many  years  ago,  much  perplexed  how 
to  account,  consistently  with  the  Hebrew,  for  the  pronoun 
them  ;  my  investigations  led  me  naturally,  before  long,  to 
the  Great  Bible;    and  there  to  my  astonishment  I  dis- 
covered that  'them'  was  nothing  more  than  a  very  old 
misprint,  the  origin  of  which  was  at  once  apparent  from 
a  comparison  of  the  different  editions  of  the  Great  Bible. 
The  first  three  editions,  viz.  all  read,  '  The  fierceness  of 
other  shaXi  thou  refrain';  the  fourth  (Nov.  1540)  has  the 
for   other;    the   fifth  (May,   1541)  has   them;    the   sixth 
(Nov.   1541)  the  again;    the   seventh    (Dec.   1541)  ther 
[sic].     Manifestly  them  is  simply  a  misprint  for  other.    Of 
reprints   of  the  Great  Bible,  and  early  Psalters,  in  the 
Bodleian  Library  which  Y  have  examined,  the  majority 
perpetuate  the  misprint  them  ;  but  other  occurs  in  reprints 
of  1549,  1553  (two),  1562,  and  in  a  Psalter  of  1560. 

That    other  is  really  the    genuine    rendering   of  the   Great 
Bible  is  shewn  independently  by  the  evidence  of  the  earlier 


^  Bible  Word-book,  s.  v. 


INTRODUCTION  XIX 


translations.  Thus  Pellicano  (1536)  paraphrases  '  alligabisque 
rcliquos  ne  quid  audeant  deinceps  contra  populum  tuum ' ;  Seb. 
Munster  has  '  et  rcliquias  furoris  tu  accinges,'  with  the  note 
'  Sensus  :  tu  cohibebis  gentes  ne  posthac  saeviant  contra  popu- 
lum tuum'  ;  and  Kimchi,  in  his  note  on  the  passage,  explains 
'  the  residue  of  wraths'  as  meaning  '  Hie  residue  of  the  nations, 
who  will  be  afraid  of  thee,  and  will  no  more  manifest  Wiath 
against  Israel  ^' 

Lastly,  the  comma  found  in  ordinary  editions  of  the 
Prayer-Book,  after  '  marvellous'  in  Ps.  cxlv.  3,  is  an  error : 
it  is  not  in  the  Great  Bible,  or  in  the  Annexed  Book ; 
and  'marvellous'  here  is  not  an  adjective,  but  an  adverb 
(just  as  in  xxxi.  23),  qualifying  '  worthy  to  be  praised^.' 

In  the  Great  Bible  certain  passages  are  printed  in 
smaller  type,  within  parentheses,  with  an  asterisk  pre- 
fixed, for  the  purpose,  as  Coverdale  expressly  states  in 
the  preface,  of  calling  the  reader's  attention  to  the  fact 
that  they  form  no  part  of  the  Hebrew  text,  but  are  in 
fact  either  interpolations  or  explanatory  glosses,  retained 
in  many  cases  from  what  was  at  the  time  the  more  familiar 
Vulgate.  The  distinction  was  maintained,  more  or  less 
completely,  in  early  Psalters,  pointed  for  use  in  churches ; 
but  it  was  gradually  more  and  more  neglected,  and  finally 
dropped  altogether.  It  is  however  scrupulously  preserved 
in  the  Annexed  Book  of  1662,  all  the  passages  printed 
in  smaller  type  in  the  Great  Bible,  as  well  as  some  others, 
which  though  not  so  distinguished,  are  nevertheless  not 
in    the    Hebrew,   being    enclosed    in    square    brackets  ^. 

'  The  facts  mentioned  above  were  pointed  out  by  me  in 
a  letter  to  the  Guardian  of  Nov.  3,  1880,  p.  1515  f. 

^  The  error,  in  this  case  (cf.  Earle,  p.  349),  appears  already 
in  the  'Sealed'  Books  (p.  xvi,  note).  It  may  be  added  that 
Coverdale  is  not  responsible  for  the  error  implied  in  the 
capital  A  in  'Anointed,'  cv.  15. 

^  See  the  facsimile  of  the  Annexed  Prayer-Book,  published 
by  the  Queen's  Printers  in  1891  ;  and  cf.  Eadie,  i.  383-386. 

b2 


XX  INTRODUCTION 

Dr.  Westcott^  observes  that  the  omission  of  these  dis- 
tinguishing marks ^  is  'very  greatly  to  be  regretted,'  and 
adds  that  it  would  be  only  in  accordance  with  the  purpose 
of  those  who  first  inserted  them,  if  they  were  restored. 
In  view  of  their  express  retention  in  the  Annexed  Prayer- 
Book,  we  may  in  fact  go  further,  and  pronounce  their 
omission  to  be  wholly  unauthorized.  I  have  accordingly, 
in  the  present  edition,  felt  no  hesitation  in  restoring  them, 
the  passages  marked  as  insertions  in  the  Great  Bible 
itself  being  printed  within  parentheses  in  smaller  type, 
and  the  additional  passages  marked  in  the  Annexed 
Book  as  insertions  being  enclosed  in  square  brackets. 

Of  these  other  passages,  those  in  vii.  i6,  xxx.  13,  xxxix.  4, 
Ixxxi.  6,  cxxxix.  11,  are  in  the  Great  Bible  enclosed  in  paren- 
theses (as  though  the  intention  were  to  mark  them  as  glosses), 
but  they  are  not  printed  in  smaller  type,  nor  is  there  an  aste- 
risk prefixed.  The  remaining  passages  are  not  distinguished 
in  the  Great  Bible  at  all. 

The  origin  and  purport  of  these  glosses  is  generally  obvious. 
They  are  mostly  intended  to  amplify  or  explain  the  sense ; 
sometimes  they  are  borrowed  from  passages  supposed  (rightly 
or  wrongly)  to  be  parallel  ;  and  here  and  there  they  are 
a  double  translation  of  the  same  Hebrew  text.  In  many  cases 
they  are  derived  ultimately  from  tlie  Septuagint.  Those  in 
i.  5,  ii.  II,  12,  iii.  2,  vii.  12,  xi.  5,  for  instance,  are  evidently  of 
the  nature  of  explanations  ;  the  addition  in  iv.  8  comes  from 
the  frequently  recurring  combination,  Deut.  vii.  13,  xi.  14,  &c., 
that  in  xiii.  6  from  vii.  18,  those  in  xiv.  2,  9  from  xiv.  4,  liii.  5 
(on  xiv.  5-7,  see  the  notearf/oc),  xxii.  32  (Vulg.,  but  not  Sept.) 
from  1.  6,  xiv.  10  from  v.  14  (Sept.,  Vulg.),  Ixxiii.  27  from  ix. 
14,  cxxxvi.  27  (Vulg.,  not  Sept.  ^  from  v.  3;  those  in  xii.  6  and 
xxix.  I  are  double  renderings  of  the  Hebrew ;  and  in  xviii.  49 
'  cruel '  (so  Sept.,  Vulg.)  comes  from  another  explanation  of 
the  Heb.  word  rendered  yea.     In  one  of  these  passages,  xiv. 

1  Op.  cit.  pp.  207-8  n.  \   The  Paragraph  Psalter,  p.  xi. 

^  Which  began,  strange  to  say,  even  in  the  Sealed  Books. 


INTRODUCTION  XXl 


12,  the  unauthorized  introduction  of  the  word  '  God'  (Vulg., 
not  Sept.)  suggests  an  entirely  false  interpretation  of  the 
passage.  Although,  however,  the  critically  important  prin- 
ciple of  distinguishing  glosses  was  thus  recognized  in  both  the 
Great  Bible  and  the  Annexed  Prayer-Book,  it  was  not  in  either 
carried  through  consistently:  for  other  insertions,  equally 
without  authority  in  the  Heb.,  are  left  without  any  distinguish- 
ing mark  whatever  (e.  g.  in  Ixviii.  4). 

I  may  close  this  part  of  my  Introduction  by  demon- 
strating the  origin  of  some  rather  noteworthy  renderings 
of  the  Prayer-Book  Version  of  the  Psalms.  The  influence 
of  Seb.  Miinster,  it  will  be  seen,  is  very  marked. 

Ps.  xii.  6  Gov.  and  Matth. :  I  will  helpe  them,  and  set  them 
at  rest. 

Miinster  :  et  ponam  (quenque)  in  salutem,  (ab  eo)  qui  sufHat 
in  eum. 

G.B.'-' :  and  will  helpe  every  one,  from  him  that  swelleth 
agaynst  him,  and  will  set  them  at  rest. 

P.B.V.  (1662) :  and  will  help  every  one  from  him  that 
swelleth  against  him,  [and  will  set  him  at  rest.] 

The  passage  is  difficult  ;  but  '  from  him  that  swelleth  against 
him'  and  'and  will  set  him  at  rest,'  are  really  duplicate 
renderings,  or  paraphrases,  of  the  same  Hebrew. 

Ps.  XV.  5  Vulg.  :  qui  iurat  proximo  suo,  et  non  decipit. 

Gov.  Matth.  :  he  that  swcareth  unto  his  neghboure,  and 
dispoynteth  him  not. 

G.B.'  :  he  that  sweareth  unto  his  neyghboure,  and  dis- 
apointeth  hym  not. 

Miinster  :  atque  iurat  malum  inferre  ^,  et  non  mutat. 

G.B.' :  he  that  sweareth  unto  hys  neyghbour,  and  dis- 
apoynteth  hym  not,  though  it  w^ere  hys  owne  hynderaunce. 

'Unto  his  neighbour,'  and  'malum  inferre'  (of  which,  as 
explained  in  the  note,  '  though  it  were  his  own  hindrance '  is 
a  paraphrase),  are  duplicate  renderings  of  the  same  Hebrew. 

'  Meaning,  as  the  note  shews,  an  oath,  quod  etiam  iuranti 
grave  et  damnosum  est. 


xxii  INTRODUCTION 


Ps.  XXX.  13  Cov.  Matth.  :  That  my  honoure  [so  Sept.,  Vulg.] 
might  synge  prayses  unto  thee  with  out  ceassynge. 

Miinster  :  Propterea  decantabit  tibi  (bonus  quisque)  gloriam 
et  non  silebiK 

CB.'-' :    Therfore  shall    (every  good    man)    synge    of  thy 
prayse  without  ceassing. 

P.B.V.  (1662):  Therefore  shall  [every  good  man]  sing  of  thy 
praise  without  ceasing. 

Ps.  XXXV.  16  Cov.  Matth.  :  With  the  gredy  and  scornefull 
ypocrites. 

Miinster :   Cum  assentatoribus  erant  garruli  subsannatores. 

CB.'-':  Wyth  the  flatrers  were  busy  mockers. 

Ps.  xxxix,  12  Cov.  Matth.  :    so  that  his  beutie  consumeth 
awa3'e,  like  as  it  were  a  mothe. 

G.B.' :  thou  makest  his  bewtye  to  consume  awaye,  like  as  it 
^vere  a  mothe, 

Miinster:    tabescere   facis   quasi   tinea    (vestem    arrodens) 
expetibile  (robur)  eius. 

G.B.':  thou  makeste  hys  bewtj^e  to  consume  awaye,  lyke 
as  it  w^ere  a  mothe  fretynge  a  garmente. 

P.B.V.  (1662)  :  ...  as  it  were  a  moth  [fretting  a  garment]. 

Ps.  xlii.  8  Cov.  Matth. :    therfore  I  remembre  the  londe  of 
Jordane. 

Miinster  :  idcirco  recordabor  tui  de  terra  Jordanis. 

G.B.'-':  therfore  will  I  remembre  the  concernyng  the  land 
of  Jordane. 

'  Concerning'  is  a  mistranslation  of  Miinster's  '  de'  {from). 

Ps.  Iviii.  8  Cov.  Matth.  :  Or  ever  your  thornes  be  sharpe,  the 
wrath  shal  take  them  awaye  quycke,  like  a  stormy  wynde. 

Miinster :    Priusquam    percipiant    ollae    vestrae    rhamnum 
(accensum  :)  sicut  crudum  quid,  sic  furor  exagitet  eum. 

G.B.'-' :  Or  ever  your  pottes  be  made  whot  with  thornes,  so 
let  indignacion  vexe  him,  even  as  a  thinge  that  is  rawe. 

Ps.  Ixviii.  4  Cov.  Matth.  :   magnifie  him  that  rydeth  above 
the  heavens. 

Miinster :   exaltate  eum  qui  orbibus   coelorum  veluti  equo 
insidet. 

G  B.'-' :  magnifj'e  hym  that  rydeth  upon  the  heavens  as  it 
w^ere  upon  a  horse. 


INTRODUCTION  XXIU 


'  Heavens  '  is  a  Jewish  interpretation  of  the  word  properly 
rendered  '  deserts  '  :  '  as  it  were  upon  a  horse '  comes  from 
Miinster's  explanatory  addition. 

Ps.  Ixviii.  14  Cov.  Matth,  :  it  shal  be  cleare  even  in  the 
darcknesse.  (Ziirich  :  so  wirdt  es  schneeweyss  sein  aiich  im 
tuncklen  [dunklen].) 

Mlinster  :  candescebat  veluti  nix  in  Zalmon. 

G.B.'-' :  then  were  they  as  white  as  snowe  in  Zalmon. 

Ps.  Ixviii.  22  Cov.  Matth. :  some  wil  I  bringe  agayne  from 
Basan,  some  wil  I  bringe  agayne  from  the  depe  of  the  see. 

Miinster:  restituam  (^meos  sicut)  ex  Basan  ;  reducam  (^meos 
sicut  olim)  ex  profundis  maris. 

G.B.'-' :  I  will  brj'ng  my  people  agayne  as  I  dyd  from  Basan  : 
myne  owne  wyll  I  brynge  agayne  as  I  dyd  somtyme  from  the 
depe  of  the  see. 

Ps.  Ixviii.  26  Cov.  Matth.  :  O  gave  thankes  unto  God  the 
LoRDE  in  the  congregacion,  for  the  welles  of  Israel  (Zurich  ; 
um  den  brunnen  Israels^ 

Miinster  :  In  congregationibus  benedicite  deo  atque  domino, 
ex  origine  (cordis)  Israel. 

G.B.'-' :  Geve  thankes  O  Israel,  unto  God  the  Lorde  in  the 
congregacions  from  the  ground  of  the  hart. 

A  mistranslation  of  Miinster's  Latin,  the  genitive  'Israel' 
being  understood  as  a  vocative. 

Ps.  Ixviii.  30  Cov.  Matth. :  Reprove  the  beestes  amonge  the 
redes,  the  heape  of  bulles  with  the  calves  :  those  that  dryve  for 
money.     Oh  scatre  the  people  that  delyte  in  batayle. 

Miinster:  Dissipato  coetu  (eorum  qui  utuntur)  lanceis,  coetu 
validorum  inter  vitulos  populorum,  humiliabit  se  cum  fragmentis 
argenteis,  cum  disperserit  populos  qui  bella  volunt. 

G  B.'-':  When  the  company  of  the  spearmen,  &c.  (as  P.B.V.). 

Evidently  nothing  more  than  an  idiomatic  version  of  Miin- 
ster's Latin.  Miinster's  renderings  are  based  (as  he  expressly 
states)  upon  the  explanations  of  David  Kimchi. 

Ps.  cxxxvii.  5  Cov.  Matth.  G.B.'  :  let  my  right  hande  be 
forgotten. 

Miinster:  obliviscatur  dextera  mea  (operis  sui). 

G.B.' :  let  my  right  hande  forget  her  connynge. 

P.B.V.  (1662)  :  let  mj^  right  hand  forget  [her  cunning]. 


xxiv  INTRODUCTION 


Ps.  cxli.  6  Cov.  Matth.  G.B.'  :  So  will  I  take  it,  as  though 

he  had  powred  oyle  upon  my  head  :  it  shall  not  hurt  my  head. 

Miinster  :  Oleum  autem  piaecipuum  non  fr&ngat  caput  meum. 

G.B.' :  But  let  not  ther  preciouse  balmes  breake  myne  heed. 

The  Prayer-Book  Version  of  the  Psalms  has  many 
merits.  Though  made  upwards  of  360  years  ago,  it  is 
still— save  for  occasional  archaisms,  to  be  noted  presently 
— perfectly  intelHgible :  its  style  is  bold  and  vigorous, 
and  at  the  same  time  singularly  flowing  and  melodious  ; 
its  phraseology,  while  thoroughly  idiomatic,  and  of 
genuinely  native  growth,  is  dignified  and  chaste.  Cover- 
dale,  it  is  evident,  must  have  been  a  natural  master  of 
English  style,  and  must  have  possessed  a  natural  aptitude 
for  finding  felicitous  turns  of  expression,  and  for  casting 
them  into  harmonious  and  finely-rolling  periods  ^  But 
the  warmest  admirers  of  Coverdale's  work  must  allow 
that  it  is  disfigured  by  many  inaccuracies— inaccuracies 
which  were  unavoidable  at  the  time  when  it  was  made, 
but  which  are  capable  of  correction  now.  These  in- 
accuracies are  due  to  various  causes.  In  some  cases 
they  arise  from  the  undue  influence  of  the  Vulgate;  in 
others  from  the  imperfect  philology  of  the  sixteenth 
century;  in  others  from  the  fact  that,  even  where  the 
general  sense  was  correctly  apprehended,  the  need  of 
precision  in  such  points  as  the  rendering  of  tenses,  the 
preservation  of  characteristic  expressions,  and  the  dis- 
tinction of  synonyms,  was  not  formerly  so  clearly  perceived 


1  Comp.  the  appreciative  judgement  of  Prof.  Earle,  pp.  xlvii- 
xlix,  Ix,  &c.  Many  improvements  were  introduced  by  Cover- 
dale,  when  he  revised  his  original  version  of  1535  for  the  first 
edition  of  the  Great  Bible  (1539).  A  large  number  of  verses 
are  the  same  in  the  two  versions  ;  but  in  others  both  the 
rhythm  and  the  expression  are  much  superior  in  the  later  form. 
And  other  improvements  (see  p.  xv)  were  introduced  in  1540. 
Cf.  Westcott,  pp.  171  f.,  174-6. 


INTRODUCTION  XXV 


as  it  is  in  modern  times.  It  has  been  my  aim  in  the 
present  volume  to  provide  the  reader,  who  is  not  con- 
versant with  Hebrew,  with  a  version  of  the  Psahns,  which, 
while  avoiding  a  pedantic  or  slavish  literalism,  may  be 
as  faithful  to  the  original  as  idiom  permits,  and  at  the  same 
time,  by  placing  it  side  by  side  with  the  Prayer-Book 
Version,  to  enable  him  to  judge  for  himself  where,  and  how 
far,  the  latter  is  at  fault,  and  in  what  cases  its  renderings 
are  merely  legitimate  paraphrases,  or  real  inaccuracies. 

It  only  remains  to   indicate  briefly  the  principles  of 
translation  which  I  have  followed. 

I.  I  have  made  the  Prayer-Book  Version  the  basis  of 
my  translation  ;  and  have  changed  no  words  in  it  which 
did  not  seem  to  me  to  need  changing.  The  framework 
of  each  sentence  remains  thus,  wherever  possible,  that  of 
the  Prayer-Book  Version.  My  general  style  and  phrase- 
ology I  have  modelled,  as  far  as  was  feasible,  on  those  of 
the  Prayer-Book  Version  itself  and  of  the  Authorized 
Version.  I  have,  it  is  true,  been  obliged  sometimes  to 
use  modern  words  not  found  in  either  of  these  versions ; 
for  their  vocabulary  did  not  seem  to  me  to  be  always 
sufficient  to  give  adequate  expression  to  the  ideas  which 
the  Hebrew  was  intended  to  convey:  but  I  have  not 
modernized  the  phraseology  more  than  was  necessary, 
and  I  have  gladly,  upon  occasion,  preserved  an  archaism, 
where  it  was  not  liable  to  be  misundei'stood.  Nor  have 
I  adopted  inver.sions  of  order,  made  with  the  view  of 
accommodating  the  English  to  the  Hebrew  arrangement 
of  words,  such  as  is  adopted  often,  for  instance,  by  Dr.  De 
Witt  in  his  spirited  and  suggestive  version  of  the  Psalms, 
entitled  the  Praise-Songs  of  Israel  (New  York,  1884)  \ 

^  E.g.  i.  I  'Nor  in  the  way  of  sinners  standeth,  Nor  in  the 
seat  of  scoffers  sitteth '  ;  vi.  7  '  Shrivelled  with  grief  is  mine 
eye  ;  Through  all  my  foes  it  has  grown  old.' 


XXVI  INTRODUCTION 

The  principles  which  determine  the  order  of  words  in 
a  Hebrew  sentence  are  (in  many  cases)  very  different 
from  those  which  govern  the  arrangement  of  an  English 
sentence :  hence  such  inversions — except  occasionally, 
where  emphasis  really  requires  them— appear  to  me  to 
be  not  genuinely  idiomatic  in  English,  and  to  produce 
not  unfrequently  an  unnatural  emphasis,  not  really  corre- 
sponding to  the  intention  of  the  Hebrew.  On  the  other 
hand,  it  sometimes  undoubtedly  happens  that  an  inversion 
in  English,  by  throwing  emphasis  on  a  word  which 
requires  emphasis,  but  which  would  otherwise  lack  it, 
is  forcible  and  effective ;  and  where  that  has  seemed  to 
me  to  be  the  case,  I  have  not  hesitated  to  adopt  it. 
I  readily  own  that  in  the  endeavour  to  render  my  version 
adequate,  I  have  sometimes  used  words  which  I  should 
have  preferred  not  to  use,  and  have  had  also  sometimes 
to  content  myself  with  sentences  which  compare  un- 
favourably with  those  of  the  Prayer-Eook  Version  in 
point  of  rhythm.  But  I  did  not  see  how  these  con- 
tingencies could  be  avoided :  for  it  does  not  seem  to  me 
to  be  possible  to  produce  a  version  of  the  Old  Testament 
which  shall  be  in  all  respects  both  classical  and  exact : 
the  two  principles  will  inevitably  sometimes  come  into 
conflict,  and  one  must  then  be  sacrificed.  For  the 
purposes  of  the  present  volume,  1  have  thought  it  right 
to  prefer  the  second  of  these  principles ;  but  I  have 
sometimes  been  able  to  avoid  the  collision  by  placing 
the  literal,  but  (as  English)  less  natural  or  idiomatic 
rendering  in  a  foot-note  \ 


'  It  is  sometimes,  it  may  be  worth  remarking,  more  difficult 
than  might  perhaps  be  supposed,  to  find  an  English  equivalent 
for  a  Hebrew  word  :  for  we  may  not  possess  a  word  with  the 
shade  of  meaning  required.  Thus  in  xxvii.  4,  xc.  17,  'sweet- 
ness '  is  slightly  too  strong,  while  '  pleasantness  '  is  too  colour- 


INTRODUCTION  xxvii 


2.  I  have  not  sought  to  reproduce  Hebrew  constructions, 
or  turns  of  expression,  with  needless  minuteness.  Hebrew 
is  a  much  terser  language  than  English ;  and  a  Hebrew 
sentence  often  leaves  things  to  be  understood,  which  in 
English  have  to  be  expressed  distinctly.  '  Those  that  take 
refuge  in  him'  consists  in  Hebrew  of  two  words  only; 
'O  God  of  my  salvation'  consists  similarly  of  two  words 
only  :  '  those  who  rise  up  against  me'  is  expressed,  clearly 
and  sufficiently,  by  a  single  word  consisting  (in  the  un- 
pointed text)  of  three  characters  only.  In  some  such 
cases  a  compacter  rendering  than  that  which  has  been 
adopted  either  in  the  Prayer-Book  Version,  or  by  myself, 
might  have  been  possible :  but  it  would  not  have  been  a 
more  faithful  rendering ;  it  would  have  produced  a  version 
which,  as  English,  was  balder  than  the  original  was,  as 
Hebrew.  The  idioms  of  the  two  languages  differ:  and 
there  is  no  reason  why  a  sentence  which  in  Hebrew  is 
smooth  and  flowing,  according  to  the  principles  of  that 
language,  should  not,  when  expressed  in  English,  be 
equally  smooth  and  flowing,  according  to  the  principles 
of  our  language.  In  all  such  cases  I  have  not  deviated 
from  the  general  style  of  translation  adopted  in  the  Prayer- 
Book  Version,  and  the  Authorized  Version.  So,  for 
instance,  to  take  a  particular  case,  there  is  no  '  O  '  in  the 
Hebrew  before  a  vocative,  or  an  imperative  :  but  it  is 
a  natural  addition  in  the  English,  and  its  omission  would 
often  leave  a  sentence  markedly  bare.  I  have  generally, 
in  the  case  of  this  word,  left  the  rendering  as  it  was  in  the 
Prayer-Book  Version  :  if  I  have  omitted  it  often  before 
'Jehovah'  (as  compared  with  'O  Lord'),  it  is  because 

less  and  weak.  Comp.  (with  the  foot-notes)  vii.  i4,xxv.  14,  xxvi. 
4,  xxvii.  5,  xxviii.  2,  xxxvi.  8,  xxxviii.  20,  Iv.  21,  xc.  10;  and  see 
Glossary  I,  under  be  ashamed,  meditate,  be  moved,  muse, 
naughtiness,  senseless,  unreality,  &c.  In  the  case  of  rare  Heb. 
words,  also,  their  precise  meaning  is  not  always  certain. 


XXVlll  INTRODUCTION 


'Jehovah'  differs  rhythmically  from  'Lord,'  and  did  not 
seem  to  me,  as  a  rule,  to  require  strengthening  in  the 
same  way  by  prefixing  the  exclamation.  Again,  Hebrew 
often  links  together  sentences  by  a?id,  where  we  naturally 
bring  out  more  precisely  the  relation  to  be  expressed  by 
the  use  of  such  conjunctions  as  so,  then,  but,  yet,  also,  yea, 
for,  that.  The  simple  and  \\ov\^  in  such  cases  often  read 
baldly,  while  its  frequent  repetition  in  the  same  context 
would  lead  to  an  unnatural  and  unpleasing  monotony : 
I  have  therefore,  while  retaining  it  somewhat  more 
frequently  than  is  done  in  the  Prayer-Book  Version, 
observed  in  general  with  regard  to  it  the  variety  which 
is  consonant  with  our  idiom  \ 

3.  On  the  other  hand,  I  have  made  it  a  characteristic 
aim  of  my  version  to  preserve,  wherever  possible,  the 
distinctive  features  of  the  original,  which  are  often 
obliterated  or  confused  in  the  Prayer-Book  Version.  The 
Hebrew  poets  are  conspicuous  for  the  varied  and  striking 
imagery  which  they  employ,  and  for  the  many  different 
phases  of  feeling  and  emotion  to  which  they  give  ex- 
pression ;  but  in  the  Prayer-Book  Version  of  the  Psalms 
their  most  characteristic  figures  are  constantly  obliterated, 
and  their  most  clearly-expressed  thoughts  are  often  blurred 
and  indistinct.  Shield  and  fasttiess,  for  instance,  both 
become  defence,  rock  (applied  to  God)  becomes  strength^ 
tent  becomes  dwellitig,  to  take  refuge  becomes  to  trust, 
ransom  and  redeem  both  become  deliver ;  various  dis- 
tinctive terms,  each  conveying  a  distinct  shade  of  meaning, 
are  confused  under  such  indefinite  renderings  as  wicked- 


*  E.g.  Ps.  xviii.  7  (twice),  15,  18,  23,  24,  27,  34,  35  (twice), 
38,  40,  41  (twice).  However,  some  Hebrew  idioms  I  have 
occasionally  ventured  to  reproduce  ;  for  instance,  the  use  of 
the  plural  with  an  intensive  force  (as  xviii.  47  'vengeances,' 
but  not  in  liii.  6  or  Ixxiii.  22), 


INTRODUCTION  XXIX 


ness,  ungodliness,  mischief,  sorrow,  heaviness^,  trouble, 
vanity,  imagine,  praise,  sing,  rejoice,  magnify,  destroy, 
vex,  enemies,  foolish,  excellent  ;  elsewhere,  conversely, 
a  single  distinctive  and  characteristic  expression  is 
variously  rendered,  as  salvation,  kindness,  compassiott, 
be  gracious :  in  other  cases,  again,  tenses  incorrectly 
rendered  seriously  conceal  the  true  meaning  of  a  passage; 
while  not  unfrequently  archaisms,  now  entirely  misunder- 
stood, mislead  or  perplex  the  reader.  All  imperfections 
such  as  these  I  have  sought  especially  to  rectify.  There 
are,  as  it  seems  to  me,  many  passages  in  the  Psalms,  which 
need  only  to  be  accurately  translated,  for  their  true  force 
to  be  at  once  apparent;  while  the  preservation  of  the 
imagery  and  distinctive  colouring  of  the  original  naturally 
leaves  upon  the  reader  a  far  truer  and  more  vivid  im- 
pression of  what  the  author,  it  may  be  presumed,  desired 
to  express,  than  he  could  otherwise  obtain.  The  serious 
consequences  which  sometimes  follow,  when  'artificial  dis- 
tinctions' are  'created,'  by  the  translation  of  the  same  word 
being  capriciously  varied,  and  when  'real  distinctions '  are 
'  obliterated '  by  the  same  rendering  being  adopted  to 
represent  different  words,  have  been  abundantly  illustrated, 
so  far  as  regards  the  New  Testament,  by  Dr.  (afterwards 
Bishop)  Lightfoot  in  his  most  instructive  work  On  a  Fresh 
Revision  of  the  English  New  Testament  (pp.  33-80).  Both 
these  faults  are  of  frequent  occurrence  in  the  Prayer-Bpok 
Version  of  the  Psalms.  There  are,  however,  it  must  not 
be  forgotten,  limits  imposed  by  idiom  to  the  possibility  of 
carrying  out  what  would,  no  doubt,  if  feasible,  constitute 
the  ideal  of  translation,  viz.  the  principle  of  representing 
consistently  the  same  Hebrew  (or  Greek)  word  by  the 
same  English  ont.     No  two  languages,  namely,  exhibit 


'  This  v/ord  occurs  sixteen  times  in  the  Prayer-Book  Psalter, 
and  represents  fifteen  different  Hebrew  words. 


XXX  INTRODUCTION 


a  perfectly  symmetrical  development :  they  do  not  possess 
exactly  corresponding  synonyms ;  and  a  word  in  one 
language  often  acquires  a  new  meaning,  or  is  used  in 
a  special  application,  which  is  not  found  in  the  case  of 
the  word  which,  speaking  generally,  corresponds  to  it  in 
another.  To  express  the  idea  of  seeing,  for  instance, 
Hebrew  possesses  more  synonyms  than  we  have — or  at 
least  than  we  can  suitably  use — in  English  ;  and  the  one 
which  corresponds  most  generally  to  our  verb  io  see  is 
used  in  special  idioms  in  which  it  would  be  impossible  to 
represent  it  adequately  by  the  same  word.  The  case  is 
similar  with  many  other  words,  especially  with  some  of 
those  in  very  common  use  ;  and  we  are  in  such  instances 
obliged  perforce  both  to  obliterate  real  distinctions  and  to 
create  artificial  ones. 

Happily,  however,  in  the  case  of  ordinary  words,  the 
error  which  arises  in  consequence  is  not  serious.  The 
case  is  otherwise  with  words  which  are  at  all  of  a  technical 
or  distinctive  character.  With  such  words  it  seems  to  me 
to  be  of  the  first  importance  to  preserve  the  distinctions  of 
the  original ;  and,  fortunately,  it  is  usually  quite  possible 
to  do  so.  There  is  not  the  least  reason,  for  instance,  why  a 
peculiar  expression  occurring  only  six  times  in  the  Psalms 
(and  not  elsewhere  in  the  entire  Old  Testament)  should 
be  rendered  vaguely  'my  enemies,'  or  why  another  ex- 
pression (which  often  recurs)  should  be  rendered,  now  'they 
that  work  vanity '  (v.  5),  now  '  workers  of  mischief  (xiv.  8), 
now  'wicked  doers '  (xxviii.  3),  now  '  they  that  work  wicked- 
ness '  (xxxvi.  12),  now  'evil-'doers '  (cxxv.  5)^ ;  or  why  '  high 
retreat'  should  be  both  defence  and  refuge  in  the  same 
verse  (ix.  9),  and  elsewhere  also  (cxliv.  2)  '  castle ' ;  or  why 
again  one  and  the  same  quality,  ascribed  equally  to  God 

'  The  substantive  is  a  peculiar  one  ;  and  I  have  adopted  the 
rendering  naughtmess  (see  the  first  Glossary,  under  this  word). 


INTRODUCTION  XXXl 


and  man,  should  be  represented  variously  by  'mercy,' 
'kindness,'  'goodness'  (lii.  i,ciii.  8)  \  'merciful  goodness' 
(ciii.  I7\  'loving  mercy'  (cxv.  i),  'merciful  kindness' 
(cxvii.  2, — in  these  last  cases  without  any  special  adjective 
in  the  Hebrew),  and '  loving-kindness.'  All  such  instances 
— and  they  are  very  numerous— tend  to  create  confusion, 
to  obliterate  the  distinctive  features  of  the  original,  to 
change  the  lights  and  shades  which  the  authors  them- 
selves desired  to  portray,  and  to  conceal  from  the  reader, 
especially  from  the  accurate  reader,  who  is  at  the  pains  ot 
comparing  passages  together,  the  genuine  meaning  of  the 
Hebrew  ^  If  the  confusion,  even  in  the  case  of  important 
words,  cannot,  for  the  reasons  indicated  above,  be  entirely 
removed,  it  can  be  very  considerably  diminished;  and 
I  have  endeavoured  to  do  my  best  to  diminish  it  ^     The 

•*  Producing  confuoion  with  an  entirely  different  word 
occurring  in  xxv.  7,  xxvii.   13,  xxxi.   19,  cxlv.   7. 

Comp.  R.  B.  Girdlestone,  Suggestions  for  Translators^ 
Editors,  and  Revisers  of  the  Bible  (1877),  p.  15  '  All  important 
words  in  Scripture  ought  to  be  rendered  uniformly,'  p.  26  '  In 
numerous  instances  [in  A.  V.]  the  point  of  a  passage  is  lost  by 
the  variation  of  a  word  in  the  translation  where  it  is  designedly 
the  same  in  the  original.'  On  p.  27  the  same  writer  shews, 
from  the  Preface  to  the  Authorized  Version  (which  may  be 
found  in  the  so-called  '  Variorum  Bible,'  published  by  the 
Queen's  Printers),  that  uniformity  in  the  rendering  of  impor- 
tant words  was  really  the  principle  laid  down  for  themselves 
by  King  James'  translators,  though  in  practice  they  failed  often 
to  observe  it.     For  illustrations,  see  Eadie,  ii.  383  ff. 

^  Where,  for  a  word  occurring  in  P.B.V.  there  is  substituted 
in  my  translation  a  synonym  not  appreciably  different  in  mean- 
ing, the  reader  may  rest  assured  that  this  has  been  done  on 
account  of  some  other  passage  or  passages,  in  which  the  same 
Heb.  word  is  so  rendered.  For  instance,  in  xliv.  9  hosts  is 
substituted  for  armies,  because  it  is  the  rendering  (in  the  P.  BV. 
itself")   of  the  same  Hcb.  word    in  almost   exactly  the  same 


XXXll  INTRODUCTION 

Glossary  of  characteristic  words  and  phrases  recurring  in 
the  Psalter  will,  I  hope,  be  of  assistance  to  the  reader  who 
desires  to  pursue  the  subject  further,  or  wishes  for  further 
illustrations  of  the  importance  of  the  principles  to  which 
I  have  referred. 

The  archaisms  of  the  Prayer-Book  Version  I  have 
endeavoured  to  elucidate  and  illustrate  in  a  second 
Glossary  (p.  466  ff.).  These  archaisms  fall  into  two  classes, 
viz.  expressions  which,  though  they  might  not  be  naturally 
used  now,  are  nevertheless  understood  without  serious 
difficulty,  and  expressions  which  are  either  positively 
misleading,  on  account  of  their  meaning  having  materi- 
ally changed  since  the  sixteenth  eentury,  or  which  convey 
no  meaning  whatever,  on  account  of  their  having  fallen 
altogether  out  of  use.  Archaisms  of  the  former  kind  add 
strength  and  dignity  to  our  language ;  archaisms  of  the 
latter  kind  are  a  source  of  error  and  confusion.  It  is  to 
these  that  (in  the  main)  I  have  confined  myself  in  the 
Glossary,  The  three  archaisms  most  liable  to  be  mis- 
understood are  perhaps  health,  wholesome,  and  worship. 
I  do  not  understand  how  any  modem  English  reader, 
who  has  not  been  specially  instructed,  can  be  expected  to 
know  that  in  such  passages  as  xxii.  i  'and  art  so  far 
from  my  health,  and  from  the  words  of  my  complaint,' 
li.  14  'thou  that  art  the  God  of  my  health,'  Ixii.  7  'in  God 
is  my  health,'  cxviii.  15  '  the  voice  of  joy  and  health  is  in 

phrase,  in  Ix.  10,  cviii.  ir.  So  anger  in  ii.  5,  12  {wrath  being 
kept  for  a  stronger  word  in  the  Heb.),  ends  for  utmost  parts  in 
ii.  8,  &c.  An  unusual  English  word  (if  a  suitable  one  exists) 
sometimes  corresponds  to  an  unusual  word  m  the  Hebrew ; 
as  shrivelled  (from  DeWitt)  vi.  7,  crucible  (?)  xii.  6,  impenetrable 
parts  li.  6,  potent  Ixxxix.  8  [an  Aramaic  word].  If  the  figures 
used  sometimes  strike  the  reader  as  strong  {e.g.  xlii.  10),  it 
must  be  remembered  that  hyperbole  is  more  natural  to  Oriental 
poets  than  it  is  to  us  (cf.  Jobxvi.  12,  13;  Lam.  iii.  4-16, 53,54). 


INTRODUCTION  XXXlll 


the  dwellings  of  the  righteous,'  cxix.  155  'health  is  far 
from  the  ungodly,'  cxxxii.  17  '  I  will  deck  her  priests  with 
health'  (see  also  Ixvii.  2;  cxix.  123,  166,  174;  cxl.  7\  the 
word  means  deliverance,  salvation  (Germ.  Heil),  and  is 
in  the  Hebrew  the  word  which  is  commonly  rendered 
salvation ;  or  that  wholesotne  (xx.  6 ;  xxviii.  9)  is  the 
Germ,  heilsam,  and  means  saving  \  or  again  that  rvor- 
ship  in  iii.  3  '  thou  art  my  worship,'  viii.  5  '  to  crown  him 
with  glory  and  worship,'  xxix.  I  'ascribe  unto  the  Lord 
worship  and  strength '  (cf.  xcvi.  6,  7),  xlv.  4  '  according 
to  thy  worship  and  renown,'  xlvii.  4  '  even  the  worship  of 
Jacob,  whom  he  loved,'  Ixviii.  34 '  his  worship  and  strength 
is  in  the  clouds,'  Ixxxiv.  12  'the  Lord  will  give  grace  and 
worship,'  cxlv.  5  '  as  for  me,  I  will  be  talking  of  thy 
worship,'  means  simply  glory  or  honour.  Hell  is  another 
notable  example  (see  the  Glossary)  of  a  word  of  which 
the  meaning  has  materially  changed  ;  though  from  the 
occurrence  of  this  word,  in  its  old  sense,  in  the  Creed, 
there  are  many  who  are  probably  aware  that  it  has  the 
same  meaning  in  the  Psalms,  and  indeed  wherever  else  it 
occurs  in  the  Old  Testament.  We  may  regret  that  these 
and  other  words  which  were  familiar  to  our  forefathers  of 
the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  centuries  have  become  archa- 
isms ;  we  may  even  hold  that  our  language  has  become 
impoverished  in  consequence :  but  meanwhile  custom ' 
has  decided  against  us ;  and  if  we  desire  to  be  under- 
stood, we  have  no  option  but  to  eschew  the  words  which 
fashion,  however  inconsiderately,  has  condemned. 

4.  The  text  which  I  have  followed  is  the  recognized 
Jewish  text,  commonly  called  the   Massoretic   text  ^,  as 

'^  Horace,^.P.  7off. :  'Multa  renascentur  quae  iam  cecidere, 
cadentque 
Quae  nunc  sunt  in  honore  vocabula,  si  volet  iisus, 
Quern  penes  arbitrium  est  et  ius  et  norma  loquendi.' 

"^  From  the  fact  that  it  was  adopted  and  sanctioned  by  the 

C 


XXxiv  INTRODUCTION 

printed  in  Baer's  edition  (Lipsiae,  1880).  From  the 
consonants  and  vowels  of  this  text  I  have  never  deviated 
without  informing  the  reader  of  the  fact.  I  have  also  as 
a  rule  translated  in  accordance  with  the  accents  (which 
act  also  as  marks  of  interpunction),  or  at  least  in  accord- 
ance with  the  principal  and  more  important  accents  ;  but 
I  have,  here  and  there,  disregarded  these  where  attention 
to  them  would  have  yielded  a  strained  and  unnatural 
sensed  Certainly,  I  have  not  been  able  to  limit  myself 
throughout  to  the  readings  of  the  official  Jewish  text. 
Scrupulously  as  this  text  has  been  guarded  by  the  Jews 


scholars  called  the  '  Massoretes '  (seventh  to  eighth  century 
A.  D.).  These  scholars  provided  the  text  of  the  Old  Testament 
(which  previously,  in  the  manner  of  most  Semitic  languages, 
had  been  written  with  consonants  only)  with  vowel-points, 
indicating  the  pronunciation,  and  (frequently)  fixing  the  inter- 
pretation. This  punctuation  represents  a  highly  valuable 
philological  and  exegetical  tradition,  and  in  the  great  majority 
of  cases  is  unquestionably  correct :  but  it  is  not  infallible  :  the 
tradition  which  it  expresses,  not  being  fixed  in  a  written  form 
for  centuries  after  the  time  at  which  the  books  to  which  it 
relates  were  composed,  is  liable  in  details  to  error ;  and 
obviously  it  affords  no  guarantee  that  the  consonantal  text  to 
which  it  was  affixed  was  itself  free  from  error. 

^  As  xl.  5,  Ivii.  4,  Ixix.  13,  Ixxiii.  6  b,  cvii.  4,  cxix.  53,  cxI.  11. 
The  accents  appear  to  have  been  designed  primarily  as  a  guide 
for  the  cantillation  or  recitation  of  the  text  in  public  worship  ; 
but  they  possess  at  the  same  time  a  logical  value  as  marks  of 
interpunction.  See  the  lucid  exposition  of  the  principles 
regulating  their  use  in  Dr.  Wickes'  two  Treatises  on  the 
Accentuation  of  the  Three  so-called  Poetical  Books  of  the  O.  T. 
(1881),  and  the  Accentuation  of  the  Twenty-one  so-called  Prose 
Books  of  the  O.  T.  (1887),  in  which  (amongst  other  things)  it  is 
shown  that  frequently,  as  exhibited  in  ordinary  editions,  and 
sometimes,  even  as  exhibited  in  Baer's,  the  accents  express 
false  and  untenable  interpretations. 


INTRODUCTION  XXXV 


for  the  last  1,400  years  or  so,  internal  evidence  demon- 
strates in  it  the  existence  of  errors,  and  shews  that  there 
was  a  preceding  period  during  which  it  was  guarded  by 
the  Jews  very  indifferently  indeed.  The  principal  grounds 
for  this  conclusion  are  summarized  clearly  by  Professor 
Kirkpatrick  ^,  in  words  which  may  be  worth  quoting  : — 

'  (i)  There  are  many  passages  in  which  the  Massoretic  text 
cannot  be  translated  without  doing  violence  to  the  laws  of 
grammar,  or  is  irreconcilable  with  the  context  or  with  other 
passages. 

'  (2)  Parallel  passages  (e.g.  Ps.  xviii  and  2  Sam.  xxii)  differ 
in  such  a  way  as  to  make  it  evident  that  the  variations  are  due 
partly  to  accidental  mistakes  of  transcription,  partly  to  inten- 
tional revision. 

'  (3)  The  Ancient  Versions  represent  various  readings,  which 
in  many  cases  bear  a  strong  stamp  of  probability  upon  them, 
and  often  lessen  or  remove  the  difficulties  of  the  Massoretic 
text.' 

The  Ancient  Versions,  in  particular,  were  made  from 
MSS.  many  centuries  earlier  than  the  oldest  Hebrew  MSS. 
now  extant  ^ ;  the  readings  followed  by  them  (though  they 
may  be  doubtful  in  some  cases)  are  often  perfectly  evident  ; 
and  these  readings,  when  compared  with  those  of  existing 
Hebrew  MSS.,  are  found  sometimes  to  be  beyond  question 
superior.  Hence  there  is  every  reason  why,  when  this  is 
clearly  the  case,  the  reading  of  the  Ancient  Version  should 
be  preferred.  Further,  in  view  of  the  peculiar  character 
of  the  Hebrew  script,  and  of  the  ease  with  which,  in  all 
the   phases  through  which   it   passed^,  until  the  words 


'  Commentary  on  the  Psalms  in  the  Cambridge  Bible  for 
Schools,  p.  1. 

^  The  oldest  dated  Hebrew  MS.  is  of  a.  d.  916.  The  Septua- 
gint  translation  was  made  from  MSS.  more  than  1,000  years 
older. 

See  specimens  in   the  Introduction  to  my  Notes  on  the 

C   2 


3 


XXX  VI  INTRODUCTION 


(between  the  seventh  and  ninth  centuries,  A.  D.)  were 
provided  with  vowel-points,  it  could  give  rise  to  confu- 
sion and  error,  it  is  not  difficult  to  understand  how  errors 
might  have  found  their  way  into  the  Hebrew  text  of  the 
Old  Testament,  even  before  the  date  (third  to  first  cen- 
tury B.  c.)  at  which  the  Septuagint  version  was  made  ;  and 
hence  it  will  be  seen  that  cases  may  arise  in  which  even 
purely  conjectural  emendation  may  be  fully  justified.  Ex- 
amples both  of  emendations  supported  by  the  Ancient 
Versions,  and  of  emendations  based  upon  conjecture, 
will  be  found  in  the  following  pages  ^.  I  have,  however, 
been  careful  to  introduce  into  the  translation  only  such 
emendations  (of  either  of  the  classes  just  mentioned)  as 
appeared  to  me  to  be  certainly  correct ;  and  even  these 
I  have  sometimes  placed  only  in  the  foot-notes.  In  many 
cases,  the  superiority  of  the  emendation  to  the  reading  of 
the  Hebrew  text  will,  I  believe,  be  apparent  to  the  attentive 
reader. 

Hebrew  Text  of  Samuel,  pp.  xii,  xv,  xviii,  xxi,  xxv,  xxvi ;  and 
the  examples  of  variants  from  the  Versions,  p.  xxx  ff. 

*  In  this  connexion  it  ought  not  to  be  forgotten  that  the 
renderings  of  the  P.B.V.  itself  are  often  based  upon  readings 
which  vi'ere  followed  by  the  LXX  and  Vulg.,  but  are  not  those 
of  the  existing  Massoretic  text.  It  may  be  added  that  some- 
times the  Authorized  Version,  and  occasionally  even  the  Revised 
Version,  gives  a  rendering  which  is  agreeable  with  the  con- 
text, though  it  is  not  actually  expressed  by  the  Hebrew  words 
used  ;  in  other  words,  they  adopt  implicitly  an  emendation  of 
the  text.  In  Ps.  Ixxxviii.  i,  for  example,  '  I  have  cried  day 
and  night  before  thee '  yields  an  excellent  and  suitable  sense  ; 
but  he  must  be  a  bold  man  who  would  undertake  to  extract  it 
from  the  existing  Hebrew  text  of  that  verse.  Comp.  i  Sam. 
xxiii.  6,  Jer.  xix.  13,  Ez.  xlv.  21,  AV.  and  R.V.  And  there 
are  other  passages  in  which  the  smoothness  and  simplicity  of 
the  English  version  by  no  means  leads  the  reader  to  suspect 
the  obscurity  and  uncertainty  of  the  original  {e.g.  Zeph.  ii.  i,  6). 


INTRODUCTION  XXXvn 


I  must,  however,  guard  against  its  being  supposed  that 
where  I  have  not  mentioned  an  emendation  I  entertain 
no  suspicion  of  the  integrity  of  the  text.  On  the  contrary, 
there  are  several  passages  in  which  I  have  indicated  my 
doubts  either  by  a  note,  or  by  a  mark  of  interrogation  in 
the  text.  There  are,  moreover,  other  passages  in  which, 
I  readily  allow,  the  text  seems  to  me  to  be  open  to 
question ;  but  in  which  I  have  not  noticed  the  emen- 
dations which  have  been  proposed — whether  from  the 
Versions,  or  by  conjecture — in  some  cases,  because  though 
there  may  be  grounds  for  doubt,  I  have  found  a  difficulty 
in  satisfying  myself  that  the  grounds  are  conclusive ;  and 
in  other  cases,  either  because  the  emendations  proposed 
do  not  commend  themselves  as  improvements,  or  because, 
though  they  yield  a  suitable  sense,  they  deviate  too  widely 
from  the  existing  Hebrew  text  (even  as  attested  by  the 
LXX),  to  be  accepted  with  any  confidence  as  representing 
what  the  author  really  wrote.  For  instance,  in  Ps.  xviii.  i 
'  I  will  exalt  thee '  for  '  I  love  thee  fervently,'  and  in  Ps. 
xxii  'calling'  for  'salvation'  in  v.  i,  'Jehovah  is  his 
redeemer-"  for  'commit  (thyself)  unto  Jehovah'  in  v.  8, 
'  surely  all  the  fat  ones  of  the  earth  shall  worship  him ' 
for  'all  the  fat  ones  of  the  earth  have  eaten  and  wor- 
shipped '  in  V.  29,  are  all  plausible  and  scholarly  sugges- 
tions, and  may  all  very  probably  be  right :  the  reason 
why  I  have  not  mentioned  them  has  been  that  in  each 
case  it  did  not  seem  to  me  to  be  sufficiently  clear  that  the 
Psalmist  might  not  have  written  the  text  which  we  have. 
It  ought  not  to  be  forgotten  that  it  is  often  exceedingly 
difficult  to  find  a  trustworthy  '  objective '  standard  by 
which  to  estimate  emendations  of  the  text.  Our  know- 
ledge of  ancient  Hebrew  is  virtually  limited  by  the  not 

'  Halevy,  as  quoted  by  Cheync,  in  the  Jewish  Quarterly 
Review,  Oct.  1897,  p.  13. 


XXXVllI  INTRODUCTION 


very  voluminous  compass  of  the  Old  Testament ;  never- 
theless, it  is  abundantly  sufficient  to  satisfy  us  that  in 
sojiie  cases  the  Massoretic  text  is  in  error,  and  that 
a  proposed  emendation  is  manifestly  preferable  :  in  other 
cases,  on  the  contrary,  our  knowledge  of  the  language, 
and  the  light  which  we  may  obtain  from  a  comparison  of 
parallel  passages,  while  they  may  lead  us  to  feel  doubt  as 
to  the  correctness  of  the  text,  do  not  enable  us  to  pro- 
nounce confidently  that  it  is  incorrect :  hence,  in  such 
cases,  our  decision,  whatever  it  is,  must  be  subject  to 
some  uncertainty,  and  we  can  only  express  it  with  more 
or  less  reserve.  It  is  impossible,  in  questions  of  this  kind, 
to  free  one's  judgement  altogether  from  subjectivity  ;  but 
the  principle  which  I  have  endeavoured  to  adhere  to,  has 
been  to  notice  emendations  only  in  cases  in  which  it 
seemed  to  me  decidedly  probable  that  the  Massoretic 
text  was  in  error,  and  in  which  I  was  further  satisfied 
that  the  emendation  proposed  was  intrinsically  probable, 
as  well  as  a  real  improvement '. 

In  the  translation,  italic  type  is  used  to  indicate  words 
that  are  emphatic — chiefly,  the  personal  pronouns,  where 
they  are  expressed  with  the  finite  verb  in  the  Hebrew  ^ 
Parentheses  are  used  to  mark  words  which  are  either  not 
expressed  at  all,  or  are  not  distinctly  expressed,  in  the 
Hebrew,  but  are  needed,  or  at  least  are  desirable,  in 

^  Many  clever  and  scholarly  emendations  may  be  seen  in 
Cheyne's  Book  of  Psalm ^  p.  369  ff.,  and  in  Wellhausen's 
edition  of  the  Hebrew  Text  of  the  Psalms,  in  Haupt's  Sacred 
Books  of  the  Old  Testament  (London,  1895). 

*  But  it  must  not  be  inferred  from  this  statement  that  the 
emphatic  pronoun  is  always  indicated  by  italics  ;  where  the 
pronoun,  for  instance,  receives  a  natural  emphasis  in  English 
through  standing  immediately  before  a  vocative  (as  xii.  7)  the 
italics  have  been  dispensed  with  ;  and  elsewhere  it  has  been 
represented  by  '  As  for  me/  &c. 


INTRODUCTION  XXXIX 


English,  to  make  the  sense  clear.  By  'not  distinctly 
expressed,'  I  mean  such  cases  as  ix.  7  'sitteth  (enthroned),' 
or  xxxviii.  20  '  (maliciously)  oppose,'  where  the  word 
within  a  parenthesis  does  not  correspond  to  a  separate 
word  in  the  Hebrew,  but  is  implied  in  the  word  which  is 
used  \  In  the  case  of  the  word '  soul,'  (life)  has  sometimes 
been  attached  to  it  by  way  of  explanation.  The  para- 
graphs—or strophes,  as  they  may  be  termed,  where  they 
are  tolerably  uniform  in  length — marked  by  the  spaces  ^, 
do  not  correspond  to  anything  in  the  Hebrew  text :  they 
are  introduced  simply  for  the  purpose  of  marking  the 
logical  divisions  of  a  Psalm,  and  will  often,  it  is  hoped, 
prove  of  assistance  to  the  reader.  Alternative  renderings, 
where  they  seemed  worthy  of  note,  as  also  alternative 
readings,  are  mentioned  in  the  foot-notes.  I  have  also 
added  other  brief  notes,  sometimes  for  the  purpose  of 
justifying  a  rendering  by  reference  to  a  parallel  passage, 
and  sometimes  for  the  purpose  of  explaining  some  peculi- 
arity of  idiom  or  expression,  the  force  of  which  might  not 
be  apparent  to  all  readers.  I  am  aware  that  I  could 
easily  have  added  to  the  number  of  these  notes,  and 
perhaps  I  have  sometimes  omitted  them  where  they  might 
have  been  usefully  added  ;  but  I  did  not  wish  my  volume 
to  run  into  a  Commentary. 

The  principal  English  translations  of  the  Psalms  (other 
than  those  in  the  Authorized  and  Revised  Versions)  are 
those  of  Prof,  (now  Bishop)  Perowne,  ed.  i,  1864,  1868, 

*  It  is  possible  that  I  may  not  have  been  perfectly  consistent 
in  the  use  of  such  parentheses.  But  I  hope  that  no  serious 
error  will  arise  in  consequence. 

^  I  mean,  of  course,  the  spaces  on  the  right-hand  page. 
Those  in  the  P.B.V.  (on  the  left-hand  page)  must,  of  course,  be 
disregarded  altogether  ;  they  arise  simply  from  the  mechanical 
impossibility  of  always  adjusting  the  P.  B.  verses  to  the  verses 
when  printed  in  parallel  lines. 


xl  INTRODUCTION 

Dr.  Kay,  2nd  ed.,  1874,  Dr.  De  Witt  (New  York),  1884, 
Prof.  Cheyne,  1888,  and  the  amended  renderings  in  the 
notes  in  Prof.  Kirkpatrick's  Commentary  in  the  Cambiidge 
Bible  for  Schools  (Book  i,  1891,  Books  ii-iii,  1895— more 
not  at  present  pubHshed)  \  While  my  own  translation 
embodies  the  results  of  much  independent  study,  I  have 
been  in  different  ways  indebted  to  all  these  translators, 
and  in  the  choice  of  English  expressions  have  found,  at 
different  times,  assistance  from  all.  I  am  indebted  also 
to  my  friend  and  colleague,  Prof.  Sanday,  for  reading  my 
volume  in  proof,  and  for  making  various  suggestions  and 
criticisms,  which  have  often  enabled  me  to  improve  what 
I  had  originally  written.  It  may  inspire  confidence  in  my 
translation  if  I  say  that,  so  far  as  I  know,  it  contains  no 
distinctively  new  rendering  of  any  passage  in  the  Psalms  ; 
I  may  indeed  sometimes  have  used  an  expression  which 
has  not  been  employed  before  ;  but  in  substance,  I  believe, 
the  great  majority  of  my  renderings  will  be  found  in  four 
out  of  five,  if  not  in  the  fifth  as  well  ^,  of  the  authorities 
mentioned  above. 

It  has  been  my  aim,  as  I  said  above,  to  present  the 
Hebrew  Psalms  as  faithfully  as  I  could  do  in  an  English 
dress,  and  at  the  same  time  to  elucidate  the  Prayer-Book 
Version,  with  which  all  English  churchmen  are  so  familiar, 
and  which  they  love  so  much.  I  should  feel  rewarded,  if  my 
volume  were  in  any  degree  to  pave  the  way  for  what  must 
surely  be  seen  by  many  to  be  a  desideratum,  viz.  a  revision 
of  the  Prayer-Book  Version,  which  while  not  altering  its 


^  To  these  must  be  added  now  [March,  1898],  Dr.  Furniss's 
translation  of  Wellhausen's  version  (based  upon  the  text  men- 
tioned, p.  xxxviii,  note)  in  Haupt's  Sacred  Books  of  the  Old 
Testament  (London,  1898). 

^  In  a  few  very  difficult  and  obscure  passages  there  may  be 
a  greater  divergence. 


INTRODUCTION  xH 


general  character,  or  disturbing  its  melodious  rhythm, 
might  remove  misleading  archaisms,  and  correct  the  more 
serious  mistranslations  by  which  it  is  disfigured.  Cover- 
dale,  it  is  true,  perfected  a  style  of  Bible-translation,  which, 
while  the  English  language  remains  what  it  is,  will  not,  in 
its  general  features,  be  readily  excelled  ;  but  these  general 
excellences  of  Coverdale's  work  would  not,  we  may  rest 
assured,  be  impaired  by  the  introduction  into  it  of  correc- 
tions in  detail,  conceived  in  the  same  spirit,  and  adapted 
so  as  to  harmonize  with  it.  On  this  subject,  I  rejoice  to 
be  able  to  quote  the  weighty  and  pertinent  remarks  of 
Bishop  Westcott^ : — 

'This  is  not  the  place  to  enter  further  in  detail  into  the 
mistakes  of  the  Prayer-Book  Psalter.  It  is  not,  perhaps,  too 
much  to  hope  that  the  unquestionable  errors  of  rendering  and 
form  may  be  dealt  with  by  competent  authority  at  no  distant 
period,  ...  If  such  a  revision  were  undertaken,  it  should  be 
guided  by  the  spirit  of  Coverdale.  The  precise  and  literal 
exactness  which  is  required  in  a  version  of  Scripture  for  study 
is  not  required  in  a  version  for  use  in  public  service.  For  such 
a  purpose  the  main  object  must  be  to  secure  a  plain  and 
rhythmical  expression  of  the  sense  of  the  original,  even  at  the 
sacrifice  of  the  letter;  and  any  one  who  will  compare  the 
Prayer-Book  Psalter  with  the  original  will  be  able  to  convince 
himself  that  the  changes  which  are  needed  to  remove  distinct 
mistakes  could  be  made  without  injury  to  its  general  character.' 

These  words  I  cordially  endorse.  The  Prayer-Book 
Version  of  the  Psalms,  though  sufficient  for  the  require- 
ments of  the  sixteenth  century,  dees  not  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  nineteenth  or  twentieth  century ;  and  the 
rich  and  manifold  spiritual  thoughts  of  which  the  Hebrew 
Psalmists  were  the  unique  exponents  deserve  to  be  placed 
more  adequately  before  those  who  habitually  read  the 
Psalms  for  devotional  purposes  than  they  are  placed  by 

^  Preface  to  The  Paragraph  Psalter  (1881),  pp.  xii-xiii. 


xlii  INTRODUCTION 


the  Version  which  is  now  generally  in  use.  At  the  same 
time,  for  such  purposes  minute  and  verbal  exactitude  is 
not  necessary;  a  'plain 'and  rhythmical  expression  of  the 
sense  of  the  original,  even  at  the  sacrifice  of  the  letter,'  is 
as  much  as  it  would  be  needful  to  aim  at ;  and  a  gentle 
and  sparing  revision  of  Coverdale's  version,  preserving 
intact  its  general  characteristics,  and  retaining  wherever 
possible  its  familiar  features,  is  all  that  would  be  required. 
Is  it  too  much  to  hope  that  means  may  be  found  to  mark 
the  opening  years  of  the  twentieth  century  by  a  revision  of 
the  Prayer-Book  Psalter,  worthy  of  the  scholarship  of  the 
age,  and  carried  out  upon  the  lines  which  the  Bishop  of 
Durham  has  so  justly  indicated? 


Since  the  first  edition  of  this  work  was  published  in 
1898,  my  attention  has  been  called  to  the  very  elaborate 
and  instructive  synopsis  of  various  readings  in  the  Psalter, 
in  different  editions  of  the  Great  Bible  and  Prayer-Book 
from  1539  to  1892,  compiled  by  the  Rev.  Frederick 
Gibson,  D.D.,  Rector  of  St.  George's  Church,  Baltimore, 
and  printed  as  an  appendix  to  McGarvey's  Liturgiae 
y^w^r/Va«(i:^  (Philadelphia,  1895),  pp.  i*-5i*\  Altogether 
upwards  of  sixty  editions  of  the  Psalter  were  collated  for 
this  synopsis  ;  and  the  readings  of  more  than  500  passages 
are  tabulated  in  it.  The  general  result  of  the  collation  is  to 
illustrate  very  fully  what  was  said  above  on  pp.  xvi-xvii, 
shewing,  viz.  (i)  that  in  small  textual  points  the  seven 
primary  editions  of  the  Great  Bible  (1539-41)  differed 
from  each  other,  (2)  'that  subsequently  slight  textual 
changes  were  introduced  from  time  to  time  into  different 

^  Some  remarks  on  the  text  of  the  P.B.  Psalter,  and  a  table  of 
select  various  readings  from  the  same  synopsis,  will  be  found 
also,  in  the  Report  of  the  Joint  Committee  appointed  to  prepare  a 
Standard  Book  of  Common  Prayer  (New  York,  1892),  pp.  43- 
55,  93-99- 


INTRODUCTION 


xliii 


editions  of  the  P.B.  Psalter,  apparently  without  any 
authority,  but  often,  it  seems,  suggested  by  a  comparison 
of  the  rendering  in  some  other  version  of  the  Psalms  (as 
the  text  of  the  Great  Bible  Psalter,  incorporated  in  the 
'Bishops'  Bible'  of  1568,  and  the  Authorized  Version  of 
161 1),  and  (3},  that,  in  particular,  modern  Psalters  follow 
very  closely  texts  contained  in  a  Great  Bible  (4to)  of  1 569 
(Lea  Wilson's  No.  31),  a  Bishops'  Bible  of  1591,  and  a 
P.B,  Psalter  of  15S3.  The  great  majority  of  differences 
thus  tabulated  are  extremely  insignificant  (as  v.  7  '  into 
thine  house,'  first  introduced  for  '  into  thy  house '  in  the 
Annexed  Book  ;  xviii.  5  '  I  will  call,'  first  introduced  for 
'will  I  call'  in  the  Bishops'  Bible):  but  others  possess 
greater  interest ;  and  some  of  these  (in  addition  to  those 
instanced  on  pp.  xvi-xvii)  may  be  mentioned  here  '  :  — 


Great  Bible  renderings. 


Ps.  xiii.  2  mine  enemy,  G.B.^*^ 

(so  the  Heb.) 
XV.  3*^  his  neighbours,  G.B.^'^ 

xxxviii.  10  the  light  of  mine 
eyes  \  G.B.'-'  (so  the  Heb.) 


xl.  6  thy  wondrous  works, 
G.B.'-^  (so  the  Heb.) 

xl.  12  my  talking,  G.  B.'*''  [cf. 
Ixxiii.  8,  Ixxvii.  12,  cv.  2] 

xlii.  9  thy  water-pipes,  G.B.'"'' 
(so  the  Heb.) 


Annexed  Book  and  Sealed 
Books  {except  where  other- 
wise  stated),  and  modern 
Prayer-Books. 

'  mine  enemies,'  first  in  1548 

(Annexed  Book,  '  enemy's  '). 

'  his  neighbour '  (so  the 
Heb.),  first  in  1633. 

'  the  sight  of  mine  eyes,'  first 
in  1574  (a  mere  misprint, 
due  to  the  resemblance  of 
the  black  letter  1  to  {). 

'  the  wondrous  works,'  first 
in  the  Annexed  Book. 

'  my  talk,'  first  in  the  Annexed 
Book. 

'the  water-pipes,'  first  in 
G.B.  of  1569. 


1  The  editions  cited  are  not  here  given  in  full.  The  readings 
of  the  Sealed  Books  are  taken  from  Stephens'  elaborate  an- 
notated edition,  vol.  iii  (1854). 

^  In  Prof.  Earle's  reprint  (above,  p.  xvi,  n.')  fggljt  is  a  mis- 
print for  Iggljt. 


xliv 


INTR  OD  UCTION 


Great  Bible  renderings. 


xlviii.  lo  daughters  of  Judah, 

G.B.i-^   (so   the    Heb.  :    cf. 

xcvii.  8) 
xh'x.  15  shall  deliver  my  soul, 

G.B.'-'  (so  the  Heb.) 
1.  9  nor  he-goats,  G.B.'"'  and 

Annexed  Book  (so  the  Heb.) 
Iv,  II  out  of  her  streets,  G.B.' 

(so  the   Heb.),  out   of  the 

streets,  G.B.' 
Ixxxvii.  4  Behold,   j'ee    (i.e. 

yea)  the    Philistines    also, 

G.B.'-=-' 
xc.  12  O  teach  us,  G.B.'-" 

xcv.  7  sheep  of  his  hands, 
G.B.''and  subsequently, in- 
cluding the  Annexed  Book. 

cv.  25  whose  heart  turned, 
so  that  they  hated,  G.B.'-', 
Annexed  Book  (in  agree- 
ment with  the  Heb.) 

ex.  3  thy  people,  G.B.^-^  (so 
the  Heb.) 

cxxi.  I  from  whence  cometh 
my  help?  G.B.'-"-' (so  the 
Heb.) 


Annexed  Book  and  Sealed 
Books  {except  where  other- 
wise stated),  and  modern 
Prayer-Books, 

'  daughter  of  Judah,'  first  in 
the  Annexed  Book. 


■  hath     delivered 

first  in  1599. 
'  nor    he-goat,'    first 

Sealed  Books  ^. 
'out  of  their  streets,'  first  in 

G.B.^ 


my    soul,' 
in    the 


The  erroneous  comma  in  cxlv 
appears  first  in  the  Sealed  Books. 


'  Behold  ye  the  Philistines 
also,'  G.B.'-^-*^-',  and  gener- 
ally in  subsequent  editions^. 

'  So  teach  us'  (so  the  Heb), 
first  in  the  Annexed  Book  s. 

'sheep  of  his  hand'  (so  the 
Heb.),  first  in  the  Sealed 
Books. 


'  whose  heart  turned  so,  that 

they  hated,' first  in  1633  :  so 

the  Sealed  Books. 
'  the  people,'  G.B.^-«  ;  th  fsicl 

G.B.' 
'from    whence 

help,'   G.B.^-= 

terrogation 

omitted)*. 

3,   noticed  on  p. 


cometh    my 

(note    of  in- 

accidentally 


also 


^  The  Sealed  Books  do  not  always,  as  they  should  do,  agree 
with  the  Annexed  Book  (gf.  pp.  xix  n.  2,  xx  n.  2). 

^  An  error,  due  to  the  confusion  oi yee  {=yea),  andjv^.  The 
Heb.  has  only  the  interjection,  '  Behold.' 

'  In  the  Burial  Service  '  O '  remains  to  the  present  da}'. 

^  The  notes  appended  to  the  synopsis  in  the  Liturgiae 
Americanae  supply  also  numerous  illustrations  of  the  influence 
exerted  by  Seb.  Munster  (above,  pp.  xiv-xv,  xxi-iv)  on  the 
different  editions  of  the  Great  Bible. 


INTRODUCTION  xlv 


It  will  be  apparent,  from  these  examples,  that,  of  the 
alterations,  other  than  such  as  are  purely  verbal,  which 
have  been  gradually  introduced  into  the  original  text  of 
the  Great  Bible  Psalter,  some  are  corrections  which  ought 
to  be  retained  in  modern  editions  of  the  P.B.  Psalter, 
while  others  are  corruptions  which  ought  undoubtedly  to 
be  corrected. 

In  what  I  said  above  (pp.  xl-xlii),  and  in  the  Preface 
(p.  vi),  I  had  supposed  that  I  had  distinguished  with 
sufficient  clearness  between  the  new  version  of  the  Psalms 
contained  in  the  following  pages,  and  any  revision  of  the 
Prayer-Book  Psalter  such  as  I  certainly  hope  may  one 
day  be  essayed.  It  seems,  hov/ever,  that  in  some  quarters 
my  meaning  has  been  misunderstood ;  and  I  therefore  take 
this  opportunity  of  stating  it  again.  My  aim  in  the  present 
volume  has  been,  not  to  produce  a  version  suited  to  super- 
sede the  Prayer-Book  Psalter,  but  to  produce  a  version, 
which  while  as  accurate  and  faithful  as  idiom  permits,  and 
possessing  consequently  an  independent  value  of  its  own, 
may  be  read  beside  the  Prayer-Book  version,  and  serve  to 
explain  it.  My  object  has  thus  been  something  completely 
different  from  a  revisiofi  of  the  P.B.  Psalter,  suitable  for 
use  in  the  public  services  of  the  Church.  In  such  a 
revision,  alterations  which,  while  not  affecting  materially 
the  general  sense,  had  the  effect  of  impairing  the  grace 
or  rhythm  of  the  present  version,  would  obviously  be 
unsuitable.  Any  revision  of  the  P.B.  Psalter  which  is 
essayed,  should  be,  as  I  said  before  (p.  xlii),  'gentle  and 
sparing,'  i.  e.  it  should  be  limited  strictly  to  the  removal 
of  serious  errors  of  translation,  and  of  archaisms  which 
have  become  misleading  or  unintelligible,  all  the  general 
characteristics  of  the  existing  version  being  scrupulously 
preserved,  and  the  changes  introduced  being  conceived 
in  the  spirit  of  Coverdale's  translation,  and  adapted  to 


xlvi  INTRODUCTION 


harmonize  with  it.  Often  the  mere  change  of  a  tense,  or 
a  slight  aheration  in  a  single  word,  not  at  all  affecting  the 
rhythm,  or  general  structure  of  a  verse,  is  all  that  would 
be  required  :  for  instance  in  xxxii.  4,  5,  '  was  '  for '  is,'  and 
'  acknowledged  '  for  '  will  acknowledge  '  (similarly  xviii. 
5,  6,  16,  17;  civ.  6*^,  7,  8;  cxvi.  4);  in  viii.  i,  'glorious' 
for  '  excellent,'  and  *  majesty  upon  '  for  'glory  above  ' ;  in 
xix.  7,  'refreshing'  for  'converting';  in  xlvii.  i,  3,  and 
elsewhere — a  slight,  but  important  alteration  ^ — '  peoples ' 
for  '  people.'  In  Ps.  xlvi  the  only  change  which  I  should 
think  necessary  would  be  '  There  is  a  river,  the  streams 
whereof  make  glad  the  city  of  God '  (as  in  R.V.),  for '  The 
rivers  of  the  flood  thereof  shall  make  glad  the  city  of  God'; 
and  in  Ps.  Ixvii  (besides  'peoples  '  four  times  for  'people') 
*  salvation  '  for  '  saving  health '  in  v.  2.  There  are  many 
other  Psalms  in  which  the  changes  needed  would  be 
similarly  slight.  Of  course  in  some  passages  greater 
alterations  would  be  required  :  but  in  such  cases  it  would 
be  a  mistake  to  attempt  to  be  too  Hteral ;  the  general 
meaning  of  the  passage  should  first  be  seized,  and  the 
endeavour  then  be  made  to  express  it  with  the  boldness 
and  breadth  of  diction,  and  the  rhythmical  flow,  of  which 
Coverdale  shewed  himself  to  be  so  consummate  a  master. 
A  revision  of  the  Prayer-Book  Psalter,  carried  out  upon 
strictly  conservative  hues,  as  it  is  surely  due  to  the 
thousarids  who  use  it,  so  ought  certainly  not  to  be  beyond 
the  achievement  of  the  literary  abilities  of  the  age. 

'  See    the    Preface    to'  the    Revised  Version   of  the   Old 
Testament. 


AUTHORITIES  REFERRED  TO 


Sept.  =  Septuagint,  the  Greek  translation  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment, made  in  Egypt  by  Hellenistic  Jews,  mostly  between 
the  third  and  the  first  centuries  b.  c. 

Aq.         =  Aquila  ^  The   authors   of  three  revised   trans- 

Symm.  =  Symmachus  V  lations  of  the  O.  T.  into  Greek,  who 
Theod.  =  Theodotion  )  lived  in  the  second  century  a.  d.  Only 
fragments  of  their  versions  are  preserved.  Origen,  in 
the  third  century  a.  d.,  transcribed  in  six  parallel  columns 
the  Heb.  text  of  the  O.  T.,  the  Heb.  text  transliterated 
into  Greek  characters,  the  Septuagint,  and  the  Versions  of 
Aquila,  Symmachus,  and  Theodotion.  This  work,  called 
the  Hexapla,  is  no  longer  extant  ;  but  many  of  the  charac- 
teristic renderings  of  Aq.,  Symm.,  and  Theod.  have  been 
preserved  independently,— mostly  as  glosses  on  texts  of 
the  Septuagint.  The  best  edition  of  the  fragments  which 
remain  (apart  from  a  few  which  have  come  to  light  since) 
is  in  Dr.  Field's  Origcnis  Hexaplorum  quae  supersunt,  1875. 

Syr.  =  The  Syriac  Version  of  the  O.  T.  (the  '  Peshitto '),  made 
probably  in  the  second  or  third  century  a.  d. 

Targ.  =  The  'Targum'  (which  means  interpretation),  or  trans- 
lation of  the  O.  T.  into  Aramaic,  made  at  different  times, 
and  by  different  hands,  for  the  use  of  different  Jewish 
communities,  in  Palestine  and  Babylonia,  after  Hebrew 
had  ceased  to  be  their  vernacular  dialect.  The  Targum 
of  the  Psalms,  as  we  have  it,  is  not  earlier  than  the  fifth 
century  a.  d.  ;  according  to  some  authorities,  it  is  even  as 
late  as  the  seventh  century  a.  d. 


Xlviii  AUTHORITIES   REFERRED    TO 

Vulg.  =  The  Latin  translation  of  the  Bible  bj'  St.  Jerome, 
completed  a.  d.  405.  This,  in  the  case  of  all  other  books 
of  the  O.T.,  consists  of  translations  made  by  him  directly 
from  the  Hebrew ;  but  in  the  case  of  the  Psalms,  the  ver- 
sion accepted  as  the  '  Vulgate '  was  not  Jerome's  direct 
translation  from  the  Hebrew,  but  his  revision  of  the  Old 
Latin  Version  (based  on  the  Septuagirft),  which  he  had 
published  previously  (c.  387),  and  which  speedily  obtained 
a  wide  popularity  (see  Smith's  Dictionaiy  of  the  Bible,  iii. 
1698  f.). 

Jer.  =  Jerome's  own  translation  of  the  Psalms,  made  directly 
from  the  Hebrew.  This  is  not  contained  in  the  '  Vulgate,' 
but  has  been  preserved  independently.  The  best  edition 
is  that  of  de  Lagarde  {Psalterium  iuxta  Hebraeos Hieronynii, 
1874);  there  is  another,  with  the  Heb.  text  printed  on 
the  opposite  page,  by  Tischendorf,  Baer,  and  Delitzsch 
{Psalmi  Hebraice  atque  Laiine,  1874). 

Heb.  text.  )  In  certain  passages  of  the  Hebrew  Bible,  the 
Heb.  marg.  \  Massoretic  scholars  (p.  xxxiv  n.'),  representing 
the  Jewish  tradition  of  the  day,  have  introduced  what 
may  be  termed  an  authorized  correction  of  the  text,  noting 
the  alteration  in  the  margin,  and  directing  the  reader  to 
substitute  it  for  what  he  finds  in  the  text.  Thus  in  Ps. 
Ixxi.  20  the  Heb.  MSS.  read  actually  us  ;  but  the  Masso- 
retic scholars  thought  that  me  was  preferable  (probably 
on  the  ground  that  it  harmonized  better  with  the  context)  : 
they  did  not,  however,  venture  to  alter  the  text  itself,  but 
directed  the  reader  to  substitute  me  in  reading.  These 
corrections  relate  sometimes  to  grammatical  points  only, 
and  do  not  affect  the  translation  {e.  g.  one  in  Ps.  Ixxiii.  2  6). 
Each  case  must  be  estimated  on  its  own  merits  :  the  cor- 
rection is  not  always  intrinsically  preferable  to  the  reading 
of  the  text.  In  the  present  volume  the  '  Heb.  text'  and 
the  '  Heb.  margin  '  are  treated  as  of  equal  authority,  some- 
times one  and  sometimes  the  other  (chiefly,  however,  the 
Heb.  text)  being  adopted  as  the  basis  of  the  translation, 
and  the  other  being  noted  where  necessary  (but  not 
uniformly)  in  a  foot-note. 


THE   PARALLEL   PSALTER 


THE  PSALMS 

(prayer  book  version) 


MORNING  PR  A  YER 
Psalm  I.     Beatus  vtr,  qui  non  abiit,  ^c. 

1  Blessed  is  the  man  that  hath  not  walked  in 
the  counsel  of  the  ungodly,  nor  stood  in  the  way 
of  sinners  :  and  hath  not  sat  in  the  seat  of  the 
scornful. 

2  But  his  delight  is  in  the  law  of  the  Lord  :  and 
in  his  law  will  he  exercise  himself  day  and  night. 

3  And  he  shall  be  like  a  tree  planted  by  the  water- 
side :  that  will  bring  forth  his  fruit  in  due  season. 

4  His  leaf  also  shall  not  wither  :  and  look,  what- 
soever he  doeth,  it  shall  prosper. 

5  As  for  the  ungodly,  it  is  not  so  with  them  :  but 
they  are  like  the  chaff,  which  the  wind  scattereth 
away  (from  the  face  of  the  earth )\ 

6  Therefore  the  ungodly  shall  not  be  able  to  stand 
in  the  judgement  :  neither  the  sinners  in  the  congre- 
gation of  the  righteous. 

*  In  the  Great  Bible  of  1539-4T,  certain  words  or  clauses, 
which  do  not  form  part  of  the  original  Hebrew,  but  are 
glosses  introduced  from  the  Vulgate,  are  printed  in  smaller 
type  than  the  body  of  the  Psalms,  and  enclosed  in  parentheses. 


THE  PSALMS 

(new  version) 


-H- 


BOOK  I 
Psalm  I. 

1  Happy  is  the  man  that  hath  not  walked  in  the 

counsel  of  the  wicked, 
nor  stood  in  the  way  of  sinners, 
nor  sat  in  the  company  "^  of  scorners. 

2  But  his  delight  is  in  the  law  of  Jehovah  ; 

and  on  his  law  doth  he  meditate^  day  and  night. 

3  So  is  he  like  a  tree  planted  by  water-courses, 

which  yieldeth  its  fruit  in  its  season, 

and  whose  leaf  doth  not  fade ; 

and  whatsoever  he  doeth  he  maketh  to  prosper. 

4  The  wicked  are  not  so ; 

but  (they  are)  like  chaff,  which  the  wind  driveth 
away. 

5  Therefore  the  wicked  do   not  endure  in  judge- 

ment, 
nor  sinners  in  the  congregation  of  the  righteous. 

The  distinction,  which  has  been  neglected  in  most  subsequent 
reprints  of  the  Psalter  of  1539-41,  is  here  restored. 

-  Lit.  sitting-place. 

^  Lit.  mm  unit-,  mutter.  See  Glossary  I. 

B  2 


THE   PSALMS  [daY  I 


7  But  the  Lord  knoweth  the  way  of  the  righteous  : 
and  the  way  of  the  ungodly  shall  perish. 

Psalm  II.     Quare  fremuerunt gentes  ? 

1  "Why  do  the  heathen  so  furiously  rage  together  : 
and  why  do  the  people  imagine  a  vain  thing  ? 

2  The  kings  of  the  earth  stand  up,  and  the  rulers 
take  counsel  together  :  against  the  Lord,  and  against 
his  Anointed. 

3  Let  us  break  their  bonds  asunder  :  and  cast 
away  their  cords  from  us. 

4  He  that  dwelleth  in  heaven  shall  laugh  them 
to  scorn  :  the  Lord  shall  have  them  in  derision. 

5  Then  shall  he  speak  unto  them  in  his  wrath  : 
and  vex  them  in  his  sore  displeasure. 

6  Yet  have  I  set  my  King  :  upon  my  holy  hill 
of  Sion. 

7  I  will  preach  the  law,  whereof  the  Lord  hath 
said  unto  me  :  Thou  art  my  Son,  this  day  have 
I  begotten  thee. 

8  Desire  of  me,  and  I  shall  give  thee  the  heathen 
for  thine  inheritance  :  and  the  utmost  parts  of  the 
earth  for  thy  possession. 

9  Thou  shalt  bruise  them  with  a  rod  of  iron  :  and 
break  them  in  pieces  like  a  potter's  vessel. 

10  Be  wise  now  therefore,  O  ye  kings  :  be  learned, 
ye  that  are  judges  of  the  earth. 

1 1  Serve  the  Lord  ,in  fear  :  and  rejoice  (unto  him) 
with  reverence. 

12  Kiss  the  Son,  lest  he  be  angry,  and  so  ye 
perish  from  the  (right)  way  :  if  his  wrath  be  kindled, 
(yea,  but  a  little,)  blessed  are  all  they  that  put  their 
trust  in  him. 


^  Cf.  Dan.  vi.  6  (^R.  V.  niarg.^.  ^  Or,  Miurninr,  mutter.^ 

3  More  exactly,  snap  their  thongs  {i.e.  the  thongs  of  their 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  II 


6  For  Jehovah  knoweth  the  way  of  the  righteous : 
but  the  way  of  the  wicked  perisheth. 

Psalm  II. 

1  Why  do  the  nations  throng  tumultuously  \ 

and  the  peoples  meditate  ^  emptiness  ? 

2  The  kings  of  the  earth  take  their  stand, 

and  the  rulers  sit  in  conclave  together, 
against  Jehovah  and  against  his  anointed : 

3  '  Let  us  burst  their  bands '  asunder, 

and  fling  away  their  cords  from  us.' 

4  He  that  sitteth  in  heaven  laugheth  : 

the  Lord  mocketh  at  them. 

5  Then  will  he  speak  unto  them  in  his  anger, 

and  dismay  them  in  his  hot  displeasure : 

6  '  But  /  have  set  firm  my  king 

upon  Zion,  my  holy  mountain.' 

7  I  will  tell  concerning  the  decree  : 

Jehovah  said  unto  me,  '  Thou  art  my  son  ; 
'/have  this  day  begotten  thee  : 

8  '  Ask  of  me,  and  I  will  give  the  nations  for  thine 

inheritance, 
*  and  the  ends  of  the  earth  for  thy  possession  : 

9  '  Thou  shalt  break  them  with  a  mace  ■•  of  iron  ; 

'  thou  shalt  dash  them  in  pieces  like  a  potter's 
vessel.' 

10  Now,  therefore,  O  ye  kings,  be  wise; 

be  admonished,  ye  judges  of  the  earth. 

1 1  Serve  Jehovah  with  fear, 

and  rejoice  with  trembling. 

12  Kiss  the  son,  lest  he  be  angry,  and  ye  perish  as 

regards  the  way  ; 
for  his  anger  burneth  quickly  : 
happy  are  all  they  that  take  refuge  in  him, 

yoke ;  cf.  Jer.  v.  5,  xxvii.  2). 

*  Or,  sceptre  (fig.  for  rule^  :  lit.  rod. 


THE   PSALMS  [day  I 


Psalm  III.    Domtne,  guid  multiplicatt? 

1  Lord,  how  are  they  increased  that  trouble  me  : 
many  are  they  that  rise  against  me. 

2  Many  one  there  be  that  say  of  my  soul  :  There 
is  no  help  for  him  in  (his)  God. 

3  But  thou,  O  Lord,  art  my  defender  :  thou  art 
my  worship,  and  the  lifter  up  of  my  head. 

4  I  did  call  upon  the  Lord  with  my  voice  :  and 
he  heard  me  out  of  his  holy  hill. 

5  I  laid  me  down  and  slept,  and  rose  up  again  : 
for  the  Lord  sustained  me. 

6  I  will  not  be  afraid  for  ten  thousands  of  the  peo- 
ple :  that  have  set  themselves  against  me  round  about. 

7  Up,  Lord,  and  help  me,  O  my  God  :  for  thou 
smitest  all  mine  enemies  upon  the  cheek-bone ;  thou 
hast  broken  the  teeth  of  the  ungodly. 

8  Salvation  belongeth  unto  the  Lord  :  and  thy 
blessing  is  upon  thy  people. 

Psalm  IV.     Ctim  invocarem. 

1  Hear  me  when  I  call,  O  God  of  my  righteous- 
ness :  thou  hast  set  me  at  liberty  when  I  was  in 
trouble ;  have  mercy  upon  me,  and  hearken  unto  my 
prayer. 

2  O  ye  sons  of  men,  how  long  will  ye  blaspheme 
mine  honour  :  and  have  such  pleasure  in  vanity,  and 
seek  after  leasing  ? 

3  Know  this  also,  that  the  Lord  hath  chosen  to 
himself  the  man  that  is  godly  :  when  I  call  upon  the 
Lord,  he  will  hear  me. 


^  i.e.  deliverance.     See  Glossary  I.  =  Qf  cxviii.  5. 

*  i.  e.   probably,   false    and    baseless   imputations   of  liaving 
brought  misfortune  upon  you. 


BOOK  l]  PSALMS   III,    IV 


Psalm  III. 

1  Jehovah,  how  many  are  mine  adversaries  become  ! 

many  are  rising  up  against  me : 

2  Many  are  saying  of  my  soul, 

'  There  is  no  salvation '  for  him  in  God.' 

3  But  thou,  Jehovah,  art  a  shield  about  me  ; 

my  glory,  and  the  lifter  up  of  mine  head. 

4  With  my  voice  I  call  unto  Jehovah, 

and  he  answereth  me  out  of  his  holy  mountain. 

5  /  lay  down  and  slept ; 

I  awaked,  for  Jehovah  sustaineth  me. 

6  I  will  not  be  afraid  for  ten  thousands  of  the  people, 

that  have  set  themselves  against  me  round  about. 

7  Arise,  Jehovah ;  save  me,  O  my  God  : 

for  thou  hast  smitten  all  mine  enemies  upon 

the  cheek ; 
thou  hast  broken  in  pieces  the  teeth  of  thewicked. 

8  Salvation  belongeth  unto  Jehovah  : 

thy  blessing  (be)  upon  thy  people. 

Psalm  IV. 

1  Answer  me  when  I  call,  O  God  of  my  righteous- 

ness ; 
thou  hast  made  room  for  me  (when  I  was)  in 

straits^; 
be  gracious  unto  me,  and  hear  my  prayer. 

2  O  ye  sons  of  men,  how  long  shall  my  glory  be 

(put)  to  confusion, 
while  ye  love  emptiness,  (and)  seek  after  false- 
hood ^  ? 

3  But  know  that  Jehovah  hath  separated  for  him- 

self* the  godly  man  ^ ; 
Jehovah  will  hear  when  I  call  unto  him. 

*  Or,  distinguished  as  Ms  oivn  ;  cf.  Ex.  xxxiii.  i6. 

*  Properly,  the  kind  man.     So  always  ;  see  Glossary  I. 


8  THE   PSALMS  [daY  I 

4  Stand  in  awe,  and  sin  not  :  commune  with  your 
own  heart,  and  in  your  chamber,  and  be  still. 

5  Offer  the  sacrifice  of  righteousness  :  and  put  your 
trust  in  the  Lord. 

6  There  be  many  that  say  :  Who  will  shew  us  any 
good  ? 

7  Lord,  lift  thou  up  :  the  light  of  thy  countenance 
upon  us. 

8  Thou  hast  put  gladness  in  my  heart  :  since  the 
time  that  their  corn,  and  wine,  (and  oil,)  increased. 

9  I  will  lay  me  down  in  peace,  and  take  my  rest : 
for  it  is  thou,  Lord,  only,  that  makest  me  dwell  in 
safety. 

Psalm  V.      Verba  mea  auribus. 

1  Ponder  my  words,  O  Lord  :  consider  my  medita- 
tion. 

2  O  hearken  thou  unto  the  voice  of  my  calling,  my 
King,  and  my  God  :  for  unto  thee  will  I  make  my 
prayer. 

3  My  voice  shalt  thou  hear  betimes,  O  Lord  :  early 
in  the  morning  will  I  direct  my  prayer  unto  thee,  and 
will  look  up. 

4  For  thou  art  the  God  that  hast  no  pleasure  in 
wickedness  :  neither  shall  any  evil  dwell  with  thee. 

5  Such  as  be  foolish  shall  not  stand  in  thy  sight  : 
for  thou  hatest  all  them  that  work  vanity. 


^  Or,  Be  wroth,  but  sin  not.  ^  Or,  nfled  :  lit.  say. 

^  i.  e.  sacrifices  offered  in  a  right  spirit  ;  cf.  li.  19. 
*  i.  e.    in   seclusion,  beyond    the  reach    of  foes  ;    cf.   Deut. 
xxxiii.  28,  Jer.  xlix.  31. 

^  Cf.  Job  xxiii.  4  '  I  would  set  out  my  cause  before  him ' ; 


BOOK  l]  PSALM    V 


4  Tremble,  and  sin  not  ^ ; 

resolve'^  in  your  heart  upon  your  bed,  and  be 
still. 

5  Sacrifice  sacrifices  of  righteousness  ^ 

and  trust  in  Jehovah. 

6  Many  are  saying,  '  Who  will  grant  us  to  see  pros- 

perity ? ' 
Jehovah,  lift  thou  up  the  light  of  thy  countenance 
upon  us. 

7  Thou  hast  put  gladness  in  my  heart, 

more  than  that  of  the  time  when  their  corn  and 
their  must  increase. 

8  In  peace  will  I  lie  down,  and  sleep  at  once ; 

for  thou,  Jehovah,  makest  me  dwell  alone  ^  (and) 
in  safety. 

Psalm  V. 

1  Give  ear  to  my  words,  Jehovah, 

consider  my  meditation. 

2  Attend  unto  the  voice  of  my  cry,  my  King,  and  my 

God ; 
for  unto  thee  do  I  pray. 

3  Jehovah,  in  the  morning  shalt  thou  hear  my  voice; 

in  the  morning  will  I  set  out  (my  case)  ®  unto 
thee,  and  will  look  out  ^ 

4  For  thou   art  not  a  God  that  hath  pleasure  in 

wickedness : 
evil  shall  not  sojourn ''  with  thee. 

5  Boasters  shall  not  stand  ^  before  thine  eyes : 

thou  hatest  all  them  that  work  naughtiness  ®. 


xxxiii.  5  '  set  out  (thy  words)  before  me.' 

"   Viz.  as  a  watchman,  expecting  an  answer  (Hab.  ii.  i). 
'  Or,  be  a  guest. 

*  Or,  maintain  their  position  ;  cf.  Ps.  ci.  7,  Prov.  xxii.  29. 
'  i.  e.  what  is  morally  worthless.     Comp.  Glossary  I. 


lO  THE   PSALMS  [daY  1 

6  Thou  shalt  destroy  them  that  speak  leasing  :  the 
Lord  will  abhor  both  the  bloodthirsty  and  deceitful 
man. 

7  But  as  for  me,  I  will  come  into  thine  house,  even 
upon  the  multitude  of  thy  mercy  :  and  in  thy  fear  will 
I  worship  toward  thy  holy  temple. 

8  Lead  me,  O  Lord,  in  thy  righteousness,  because 
of  mine  enemies  :  make  thy  way  plain  before  my 
face. 

9  For  there  is  no  faithfulness  in  his  mouth  :  their 
inward  parts  are  very  wickedness. 

10  Their  throat  is  an  open  sepulchre  :  they  flatter 
with  their  tongue. 

11  Destroy  thou  them,  O  God;  let  them  perish 
through  their  own  imaginations  :  cast  them  out  in  the 
multitude  of  their  ungodliness ;  for  they  have  rebelled 
against  thee. 

12  And  let  all  them  that  put  their  trust  in  thee 
rejoice  :  they  shall  ever  be  giving  of  thanks,  because 
thou  defendest  them  ;  they  that  love  thy  Name  shall  be 
joyful  in  thee ; 

13  For  thou,  Lord,  wilt  give  thy  blessing  unto  the 
righteous  :  and  with  thy  favourable  kindness  wilt  thou 
defend  him  as  with  a  shield. 

'  EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  VL     Domine,  tie  hi  furore. 

1  O  Lord,  rebuke  me  not  in  thine  indignation  : 
neither  chasten  me  in  thy  displeasure. 

2  Have  mercy  upon  me,  O  Lord,  for  I  am  weak  : 
O  Lord,  heal  me,  for  my  bones  are  vexed. 

^  Properly  prostrate  myself  (Gen.  xviii.  2,  xxiii.  7,  &c., 
'  bowed  himself).     So  always. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM    VI  II 

6  Thou  destroyest  them  that  speak  falsehood  : 

the    man    of    blood  and   of    deceit    Jehovah 
abhorreth. 

7  But  as  for  me,  through  the  abundance  of  thy  kind- 

ness I  can  come  into  thy  house  ; 
I  can  worship^  in  the  fear  of  thee  toward  thy 
holy  temple. 

8  Jehovah,  in  thy  righteousness  lead  me  because  of 

my  watchful  foes  ; 
make  thy  way  even  ^  before  my  face. 

9  For  there  is  no  stedfastness  in  his  mouth ; 

their  inward  part  is  a  yawning  gulf : 
their  throat  is  an  open  sepulchre  ; 
while  their  tongue  they  make  smooth. 

10  Declare  them  guilty,  O  God  ; 

let  them  fall  by  their  own  counsels  : 

for  the  multitude  of  their  transgressions  thrust 

them  out ; 
because  they  have  been  defiant  against  thee. 

1 1  But  let  all  them  that  take  refuge  in  thee  rejoice, 

let  them  for  ever  ring  out  their  joy,  and  do  thou 

shelter  them ; 
let  them  also  that  love  thy  name  exult  in  thee. 

1 2  For  thou  blessest  the  righteous  ; 

Jehovah,  as  with  a  buckler  dost  thou  encompass 
him  with  favour. 


Psalm  VI. 

1  Jehovah,  reprove  me  not  in  thine  anger, 

neither  chasten  me  in  thy  fury. 

2  Be  gracious  unto  me,  Jehovah,  for  I  languish ' ; 

Jehovah,  heal  me,  for  my  bones  are  dismayed. 

^  Cf.  xxvii.  I  r.    Or,  straight ;  cf.  Prov.  iii.  6,  xi.  5,  R.V.  marg, 
*  Or,  droop  (as  a  failing  plant)  ;  cf.  Joel  i.  12,  Nah.  i.  4. 


12  THE   PSALMS  [daY  I 

3  My  soul  also  is  sore  troubled  :  but,  Lord,  how 
long  wilt  thou  punish  me  ? 

4  Turn  thee,  O  Lord,  and  deliver  my  soul  :  O  save 
me  for  thy  mercy's  sake. 

5  For  in  death  no  man  remembereth  thee  :  and 
who  will  give  thee  thanks  in  the  pit  ? 

6  I  am  weary  of  my  groaning ;  every  night  wash 
I  my  bed  :  and  water  my  couch  with  my  tears. 

7  My  beauty  is  gone  for  very  trouble  :  and  worn 
away  because  of  all  mine  enemies. 

8  Away  from  me,  all  ye  that  work  vanity  :  for  the 
Lord  hath  heard  the  voice  of  my  weeping. 

9  The  Lord  hath  heard  my  petition  :  the  Lord  will 
receive  my  prayer. 

10  All  mine  enemies  shall  be  confounded,  and  sore 
vexed  :  they  shall  be  turned  back,  and  put  to  shame 
suddenly. 

Psalm  VII.     Domtne,  Deus  mens. 

1  O  Lord  my  God,  in  thee  have  I  put  my  trust  : 
save  me  from  all  them  that  persecute  me,  and  de- 
liver me; 

2  Lest  he  devour  my  soul,  like  a  lion,  and  tear  it 
in  pieces  :  while  there  is  none  to  help. 

3  O  Lord  my  God,  if  I  have  done  any  such  thing  : 
or  if  there  be  any  wickedness  in  my  hands  ; 

4  If  I  have  rewarded  evil  unto  him  that  dealt 
friendly  with  me  :  yea,  I  have  delivered  him  that 
without  any  cause  is  mine  enemy  ; 


*  The  Hebrew  name  of  the  abode  of  the  dead,  correspond- 
ing to  the  Greek  Hades  (Acts  ii.  27,  R.V.).  Cf.  Gen. 
xxxvii.  35,  R.V.  marg. ;  and  see  Glossary  I. 

^  Lit.  is  moth-eaten.     Cf.  xxxi.  9,  10. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   FIT  13 


3  My  soul  also  is  exceedingly  dismayed ; 

but  thou,  Jehovah^  how  long  ? 

4  Return,  Jehovah,  rescue  my  soul ; 

save  me  for  thy  kindness'  sake. 

5  For  in  death  there  is  no  remembrance  of  thee ; 

in  Sheol  ^  who  will  give  thee  thanks  ? 

6  I  am  weary  with  my  sighing ; 

every  night  make  I  my  bed  to  swim ; 
I  melt  away  my  couch  with  my  tears. 

7  Mine  eye  is  shrivelled  '^  from  vexation  ^ ; 

it  is  grown  old  because  of  all  mine  adversaries. 

8  Depart  from  me,  all  ye  that  work  naughtiness  ; 

for  Jehovah  hath  heard  the  voice  of  my  weeping  ! 

9  Jehovah  hath  heard  my  supplication  ! 

Jehovah  will  receive  my  prayer, 
10  All  mine  enemies  shall  be  ashamed^  and  dismayed 
exceedingly  ; 
they  shall  turn  back,  they  shall  be  ashamed* 
suddenly. 

Psalm  VII. 

1  Jehovah,  my  God,  in  thee  have  I  taken  refuge  : 

save   me  from  all  them   that  pursue  me,  and 
deliver  me : 

2  Lest  he  tear  in  pieces  my  soul  like  a  lion, 

plucking  it  away,  while  there  is  none  to  deliver. 

3  Jehovah,  my  God,  if  I  have  done  this  ; 

if  there  be  unrighteousness  in  my  hands  ; 

4  If  I  have  wrought  evil  unto  him  that  was  at  peace 

with  me  ; 
(yea,   I  have  rescued   him  that  without   cause 
was  mine  adversary  :)  ® 


'  i.e.  the  feeling  aroused  by  unmerited  treatment. 
*  i.  e.  be  disappointed.     So  always  ;  see  Glossary  I. 
^  Or,  perhaps,  Or  despoiled  htm  that  without  cause  was  mine 
adversary. 


14  THE  PSALMS  [day  I 

5  Then  let  mine  enemy  persecute  my  soul,  and 
take  me  :  yea,  let  him  tread  my  life  down  upon  the 
earth,  and  lay  mine  honour  in  the  dust. 

6  Stand  up,  O  Lord,  in  thy  wrath,  and  lift  up  thy- 
self, because  of  the  indignation  of  mine  enemies  : 
arise  up  for  me  in  the  judgement  that  thou  hast 
commanded. 

7  And  so  shall  the  congregation  of  the  people  come 
about  thee  :  for  their  sakes  therefore  lift  up  thyself 
again. 

8  The  Lord  shall  judge  the  people ;  give  sentence 
with  me,  O  Lord  :  according  to  my  righteousness, 
and  according  to  the  innocency  that  is  in  me. 

9  O  let  the  wickedness  of  the  ungodly  come  to  an 
end  :  but  guide  thou  the  just. 

ID  For  the  righteous  God  :  trieth  the  very  hearts 
and  reins. 

1 1  My  help  cometh  of  God  :  who  preserveth  them 
that  are  true  of  heart. 

12  God  is  a  righteous  Judge,  (strong,  and  patient)  : 
and  God  is  provoked  every  day. 

13  If  a  man  will  not  turn,  he  will  whet  his  sword  : 
he  hath  bent  his  bow,  and  made  it  ready. 

14  He  hath  prepared  for  him  the  instruments  of 
death  :  he  ordaineth  his  arrows  against  the  persecu- 
tors. 

15  Behold,  he  travajleth  with  mischief  :  he  hath 
conceived  sorrow,  and  brought  forth  ungodliness. 


*  Vis.  as  Thou  resumest  on  high  Thy  seat  of  judgement. 

*  i.  e.  to  Thy  throne  of  judgement,  which  Thou  seemest  to 
have  deserted. 

2  The  organ  of  intellect  (Hos.  vii.  11,  R.V.  warg.). 

*  The  organs  of  feeling.     See  Glossary  I. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   VII  15 


5  Let  the  enemy  pursue  my  soul,  and  overtake  it ; 

let  him  tread  my  life  also  down  to  the  earth, 
and  make  my  glory  dwell  in  the  dust. 

6  Arise,  Jehovah,  in  thine  anger, 

lift  up  thyself  against  the  rage  of  mine  ad- 
versaries ; 

and  arouse  thyself  towards  me,  thou  (that)  hast 
commanded  judgement. 

7  And   let   the   congregation  of  peoples   surround 

thee^ ; 
and  over  it  return  thou  on  high  ^ 

8  Jehovah  ministereth  judgement  to  the  peoples  : 

judge  me,  O  Jehovah, 

according  to  my  righteousness,  and  according 
to  my  perfectness  (that  is)  upon  me. 

9  O  let  the  evil  of  the  wicked  come  to  an  end,  but 

establish  thou  the  righteous : 
for  the  righteous  God  is  a  trier  of  the  hearts  ^ 
and  reins*. 

10  My  shield  (resteth)  upon  God, 

who  saveth  them  that  are  upright  of  heart. 

1 1  God  is  a  righteous  judge, 

and  a  God  that  hath  indignation  every  day. 

12  If  a  ilian  do  not  turn,  he  will  whet  his  sword ; 

he  hath  bent  his  bow,  and  fixed  it : 

13  For  him,  also,  he  hath  prepared  the  weapons  of 

death  ; 

he  maketh  his  arrows  fiery. 

14  Behold,  he  travaileth  with  naughtiness^; 

yea,  he  conceiveth  mischief,  and  bringeth  forth 
delusion  *. 

*  Or,  a  thing  of  naught.  The  word  used  suggests  both  what 
is  worthless  morally,  and  also  what  is  materially  of  no  value. 

*  Lit.  a  lie;  cf.  xxxiii.  17.  The  meaning  is  that  the 
'mischief  (lit.  labour,  i.e.  trouble),  devised  by  him  against 
others,  issues  only  in  delusion  and  disappointment  to  himself. 


l6  THE  PSALMS  [day  I 

1 6  He  hath  graven  and  digged  up  a  pit  :  and  is 
fallen  himself  into  the  destruction  that  he  made  [for 
other]. 

17  For  his  travail  shall  come  upon  his  own  head: 
and  his  wickedness  shall  fall  on  his  own  pate. 

18  I  will  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  according  to 
his  righteousness  :  and  I  will  praise  the  Name  of  the 
Lord  most  High. 


Psalm  VHI.     Doniine,  Dominus  noster. 

1  O  Lord  our  Governor,  how  excellent  is  thy  Name 
in  all  the  world  :  thou  that  hast  set  thy  glory  above 
the  heavens ! 

2  Out  of  the  mouth  of  very  babes  and  sucklings 
hast  thou  ordained  strength,  because  of  thine  ene- 
mies :  that  thou  mightest  still  the  enemy,  and  the 
avenger. 

3  For  I  will  consider  thy  heavens,  even  the  works 
of  thy  fingers  :  the  moon  and  the  stars,  which  thou 
hast  ordained. 

4  What  is  man,  that  thou  art  mindful  of  him  :  and 
the  son  of  man,  that  thou  visitest  him  ? 

5  Thou  madest  him  lower  than  the  angels  :  to 
crown  him  with  glory  and  worship. 

6  Thou  makest  him  to  have  dominion  of  the  works 
of  thy  hands  :  and  thou  hast  put  all  things  in  subjec- 
tion under  his  feet ; 

7  All  sheep  and  oxen  :  yea,  and  the  beasts  of  the 
field; 

'  So  Targ.,  Syr.,  Jerome.     The  Heb.  text  has  which  set  thou. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   VIII  1 7 

15  He  hath  digged  a  pit,  and  graven  it  out, 

and  then  falleth  into  the  hole  which  he  was 
making. 

16  His  mischief  shall  return  upon  his  own  head, 

and  his  violence  shall  come  down  upon  his  own 
pate. 

17  I  will  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  according  to  his 

righteousness ; 
and  I  will  make   melody  unto   the   name   of 
Jehovah  Most  High. 

Psalm  VHI. 

1  Jehovah,  our  Lord, 

how  glorious  is  thy  name  in  all  the  earth  ! 
thou    that    hast    set  ^    thy   majesty   upon    the 
heavens. 

2  Out  of  the  mouth  of  little  children  and  sucklings 

hast  thou  founded  strength, 
because  of  thine  adversaries, 
to  make  to  cease  the  enemy  and  the  revengeful. 

3  When    I    behold   thy  heavens,  the  work  of  thy 

fingers, 
the  moon  and  the  stars,  which  thou  hast  esta- 
blished ; 

4  What  is  man,  that  thou  rememberest  ^  him  ? 

and  the  son  of  man,  that  thou  visitest  ^  him  ? 

5  And  thou  hast  made  him  lack  but  little  of  God, 

and  thou  crownest  him  with  glory  and  state  : 

6  Thou  makest  him  to  rule  over  the  works  of  thy 

hands ; 
thou  hast  put  all  things  under  his  feet : 

7  Sheep  and  oxen,  all  of  them, 

yea,  and  the  beasts  of  the  field  ; 

^  Cf.  cvi.  4,  Jer.  xv.  15. 

c 


l8  THE   PSALMS  [daY  2 

8  The  fowls  of  the  air,  and  the  fishes  of  the  sea  : 
and  whatsoever  walketh  through  the  paths  of  the  seas. 

9  O  Lord   our  Governor  :  how  excellent  is  thy 
Name  in  all  the  world  ! 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  IX.     Confitebor  tibi. 

1  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  with  my 
whole  heart  :  I  will  speak  of  all  thy  marvellous 
works. 

2  I  will  be  glad  and  rejoice  in  thee  :  yea,  my  songs 
will  I  make  of  thy  Name,  O  thou  most  Highest. 

3  While  mine  enemies  are  driven  back  :  they  shall 
fall  and  perish  at  thy  presence. 

4  For  thou  hast  maintained  my  right  and  my  cause  : 
thou  art  set  in  the  throne  that  judgest  right. 

5  Thou  hast  rebuked  the  heathen,  and  destroyed 
the  ungodly  :  thou  hast  put  out  their  name  for  ever 
and  ever. 

6  O  thou  enemy,  destructions  are  come  to  a  per- 
petual end  :  even  as  the  cities  which  thou  hast 
destroyed ;   their  memorial  is  perished  with  them. 

7  But  the  Lord  shall  endure  for  ever  :  he  hath  also' 
prepared  his  seat  for  judgement. 


^  In  the  Sept.,  Vulg.,  and  in  Jerome's  translation  from  the 
Hebrew,  Psalms  ix  and  x  form  a  single  Psalm  ;  and  the 
acrostic  arrangement  which   links  together  the  two  Psalms, 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  IX  I9 

8  The  birds  of  heaven,  and  the  fishes  of  the  sea, 

whatsoever  passes  through  the  paths  of  the  seas. 

9  Jehovah,  our  Lord, 

how  glorious  is  thy  name  in  all  the  earth  1 


Psalm  IX  \ 

1  (x)  I  will  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  with  my  whole 

heart ; 
I  will  tell  of  all  thy  wondrous  works. 

2  I  will  be  glad  and  exult  in  thee  ; 

I  will   make  melody  unto  thy  name,  O  Most 
High: 

3  (3)  Because  mine  enemies  turn  backward, 

(because)    they   stumble    and    perish    at    thy 
presence : 

4  For  thou  hast  maintained  my  right  and  my  cause  ; 

thou  didst  take  thy  seat  on  the  throne,  judging 
righteously. 

5  (3)  Thou   hast   rebuked   the    nations,  thou    hast 

destroyed  the  wicked, 
thou  hast  blotted  out  their  name  for  ever  and 
ever. 

6  The  enemy  are  come  to  an  end,  (they  are)  desola- 

tions for  ever ; 
and  the  cities  which  thou  didst  uproot,  their 
memory,  even  theirs,  is  perished. 

7  But  Jehovah  sitteth  (enthroned)  for  ever  : 

he  hath  established  his  throne  for  judgement. 

though  it  is,  as  the  text  at  present  stands,  imperfectly  carried 
through,  shows  at  least  that  Psalm  x  is  a  companion  Psalm 
to  Psalm  ix,  and  designed  as  its  sequel. 

C  2 


20  THE   PSALMS  [daY  2 


8  For  he  shall  judge  the  world  in  righteousness  : 
and  minister  true  judgement  unto  the  people. 

9  The  Lord  also  will  be  a  defence  for  the  oppressed : 
even  a  refuge  in  due  time  of  trouble. 

10  And  they  that  know  thy  Name  will  put  their 
tiust  in  thee  :  for  thou,  Lord,  hast  never  failed  them 
that  seek  thee. 

1 1  O  praise  the  Lord  which  dwelleth  in  Sion  : 
shew  the  people  of  his  doings. 

12  For,  when  he  maketh  inquisition  for  blood,  he 
remembereth  them  :  and  forgetteth  not  the  complaint 
of  the  poor. 

13  Have  mercy  upon  me,  O  Lord;  consider  the 
trouble  which  I  suffer  of  them  that  hate  me  :  thou 
that  liftest  me  up  from  the  gates  of  death. 

14  That  I  may  shew  all  thy  praises  within  the 
ports  of  the  daughter  of  Sion  :  I  will  rejoice  in  thy 
salvation. 

15  The  heathen  are  sunk  down  in  the  pit  that  they 
made  :  in  the  same  net  which  they  hid  privily,  is  their 
foot  taken. 

16  The  Lord  is  known  to  execute  judgement  :  the 
ungodly  is  trapped  in  the  work  of  his  own  hands. 


17  The  wicked  shall  be  turned  into  hell  :  and  all 
the  people  that  forget  God. 


'   Or,  sitteth  {enthroned). 
^  Cf.  Gen.  ix.  5. 

^  So  Heb.  text :  lit.  the  afflicted.     See  v.  13  ('my  affliction')  ; 
and  cf.  the  Glossary.     Heb.  marg,  the  humble  (the  Heb.  words 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  IX  21 

8  And  he  will  judge  the  world  in  righteousness, 

he  will  minister  judgement  unto   the  peoples 
with  equity. 

9  (l)  So  may  Jehovah  be  a  high  retreat  for  the  down- 

trodden, 
a  high  retreat  for  times  of  extremity  : 

10  And  let  them  that  know  thy  name  trust  in  thee  ; 

because  thou  dost  not  forsake  them  that  seek 
after  thee,  O  Jehovah. 

1 1  (t)  Make  melody  unto  Jehovah,  which  dwelleth  ^  in 

Zion  : 
declare  among  the  peoples  his  doings. 

12  For   he  that  requireth^  blood  hath  remembered 

them  ; 
he  hath  not  forgotten  the  cry  of  the  poor  ^ 

13  (n)  Be  gracious  unto  me,  Jehovah, 

see  my  affliction  (which  I  suffer)  of  them  that 

hate  me, 
thou  that  liftest  me  up  from  the  gates  of  death  ; 

14  In  order  that  I  may  tell  of  all  thy  praise  ; 

in  the  gates  of  the  daughter  of  Zion  that  I  may 
rejoice  in  thy  salvation. 

15  (t3)  The  nations  are  sunk  down   in  the  pit  that 

they  made  ; 
in  the  net  which  they  hid  is  their  foot  caught. 

16  Jehovah   hath    made    himself    known,    he    hath 

executed  judgement, 
trapping  the  wicked  *  in  the  work  of  his  own 
hands. 

17  ("')  The  wicked  shall  return  unto  SheoP, 

(even)  all  nations  that  forget  God. 

for  '  poor'  and  '  humble  '  resemble  each  other  very  closely). 

*  Or,    with    the     change    of  a    vowel-point,    the    wicked    is 
trapped.     So  the  Ancient  Versions. 

^  i.  e.  will  be  cut  off  prematurely  (Iv.  15,  23) ;  cf.  Glossary  I. 


22  THE   PSALMS  [daY  2 

1 8  For  the  poor  shall  not  alway  be  forgotten  :  the 
patient  abiding  of  the  meek  shall  not  perish  for 
ever. 

19  Up,  Lord,  and  let  not  man  have  the  upper 
hand  :  let  the  heathen  be  judged  in  thy  sight. 

20  Put  them  in  fear,  O  Lord  :  that  the  heathen 
may  know  themselves  to  be  but  men. 

Psalm  X.     Ul  quid,  Domine? 

1  Why  standest  thou  so  far  off,  O  Lord  :  and  hidest 
thy  face  in  the  needful  time  of  trouble  ? 

2  The  ungodly  for  his  own  lust  doth  persecute  the 
poor  :  let  them  be  taken  in  the  crafty  wiliness  that 
they  have  imagined. 

3  For  the  ungodly  hath  made  boast  of  his  own 
heart's  desire  :  and  speaketh  good  of  the  covetous, 
whom  God  abhorreth. 

4  The  ungodly  is  so  proud,  that  he  careth  not  for 
God  :  neither  is  God  in  all  his  thoughts. 

5  His  ways  are  alway  grievous  :  thy  judgements  are 
far  above  out  of  his  sight,  and  therefore  defieth  he  all 
his  enemies. 

6  For  he  hath  said  in  his  heart.  Tush,  I  shall  never 
be  cast  down  :  there  shall  no  harm  happen  unto  me. 

7  His  mouth  is  full  of  cursing,  deceit,  and  fraud  : 
under  his  tongue  is  ungodliness  and  vanity. 

8  He  sitteth  lurking  in  the  thievish  corners  of  the 
streets  :  and  privily  in  his  lurking  dens  doth  he  murder 
the  innocent ;  his  eyes  are  set  against  the  poor. 

*  So  Heb.  text.     Heb.  marg.  the  poor. 
^  Or,  let  them  (i.  e.  the  wicked)  be  caught. 
^  Or,  The  wicked  praiseth  for  his  soul's  desire, 

and  in  his  covetousness  blesseth,  {but)  contemneth  Jehovah. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  X  23 

18  For  the  needy  shall  not  alway  be  forgotten, 

(nor)  the  expectation  of  the  humble  ^  perish  for 
ever. 

19  Arise,  Jehovah,  let  not  man  prevail ; 

let  the  nations  be  judged  before  thy  face. 

20  Appoint  terror  for  them,  Jehovah  ; 

let  the  nations  know  they  are  but  men. 

Psalm  X. 

1  (^)  Why,  Jehovah,  standest  thou  afar  off, 

(and)  hidest  thou  thyself  at  times  of  extremity  ? 

2  Through  the  pride  of  the  wicked  the  poor  is  set 

on  fire ; 
they  are  caught  ^  in  the  devices  that  they  have 
imagined. 

3  For  the  wicked  boasteth  of  his  soul's  desire, 

and  in  his  covetousness  renounceth,  (yea,)  con- 
temneth  Jehovah  ^ 

4  The  wicked,  according  to  the  loftiness  of  his  looks  *, 

(saith),  '  He  will  not  require  ; ' 
*  There  is  no  God,'  is  the  whole  of  his  devices. 

5  His  ways  are  stable  at  all  times  ; 

thy  judgements  are  far  above  out  of  his  sight : 
as  for  all  his  adversaries,  he  puffeth  *  at  them. 

6  He  saith  in  his  heart,  '  I  shall  not  be  moved, 

'  I  who  to  all  generations  shall  not  be  in  adversity.' 

7  Of  cursing  is  his  mouth  full,  and  of  deceits  and 

oppression  : 
under  his  tongue  ^  is  mischief  and  naughtiness. 

8  He  sitteth  in  the  places  of  ambush  in  the  villages : 

in  secret  places  he  slayeth  the  innocent : 
his  eyes  watch  privily  for  thy  host^ 

'  Lit.  of  his  noblnl, 

5  Cf.  Hag.  i.  9,  Mai.  i.  13.  "  Cf.  Job  xx.  12. 

'  So   the    pointed    Heb.    text.     With    other  vowel-points, 
rendered  questionably  (^from  the  Arabic),  ybr  the  hapless. 


24  THE    PSALMS  [daY  2 


9  For  he  lieth  waiting  secretly,  even  as  a  lion 
lurketh  he  in  his  den  :  that  he  may  ravish  the 
poor. 

10  He  doth  ravish  the  poor  :  when  he  getteth  him 
into  his  net. 

11  He  falleth  down,  and  humbleth  himself  :  that 
the  congregation  of  the  poor  may  fall  into  the  hands 
of  his  captains. 

1 2  He  hath  said  in  his  heart,  Tush,  God  hath  for- 
gotten :  he  hideth  away  his  face,  and  he  will  never 
see  it. 

13  Arise,  O  Lord  God,  and  lift  up  thine  hand  : 
forget  not  the  poor. 

14  Wherefore  should  the  wicked  blaspheme  God  : 
while  he  doth  say  in  his  heart,  Tush,  thou  God  carest 
not  for  it. 

15  Surely  thou  hast  seen  it  :  for  thou  beholdest 
ungodliness  and  wrong. 

16  That  thou  mayest  take  the  matter  into  thine 
hand  :  the  poor  committeth  himself  unto  thee;  for 
thou  art  the  helper  of  the  friendless. 

17  Break  thou  the  power  of  the  ungodly  and 
malicious  :  take  away  his  ungodhness,  and  thou  shalt 
find  none. 

18  The  Lord  is  King  for  ever  and  ever  :  and  the 
heathen  are  perished  out  of  the  land. 

19  Lord,  thou  nast  heard  the  desire  of  the  poor  : 
thou  preparest  their  heart,  and  thine  ear  hearkeneth 
thereto ; 


20  To  help  the  fatherless  and  poor  unto  their  right : 
that  the  man  of  the  earth  be  no  more  exalted  against 
them. 

^  i.  e.  the  poor. 

^  So  the  pointed  Heb.  text.     Otherwise,  and  the  hapless  (J), 

^  So  Heb.  text.      Heb.  marg.  (he  humble. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  X  25 

9  He  lieth  in  ambush  in  a  secret  place,  as  a  lion  in 

his  covert, 
he  lieth  in  ambush  to  capture  the  poor ; 
he  doth  capture  the  poor,  dragging  him  along 

in  his  net : 

10  And  being  crushed,  he^  sinketh  down, 

and  the  host  of  the  cowed  ones  ^  fall  by  his 
strong  ones. 

11  He  hath  said  in  his  heart,  *  God  hath  forgotten  : 

'  he  hideth  his  face  ;  he  will  never  see.' 

1 2  (p)  Arise,  Jehovah  ;  O  God,  lift  up  thine  hand : 

forget  not  the  poor  ^. 

13  Wherefore  doth  the  wicked  contemn  God, 

(and)    say    in    his   heart,   '  Thou    wilt   not  ^re- 
quire '  ? 

14  (n)  Thou  hast  seen  ;  for  thou  beholdest  travail  and 

vexation, 
to  take  (them)  into  thy  hand  : 
thy  host  committeth  (its  cause)  *  unto  thee  j 
thoic  hast  been  the  helper  of  the  fatherless. 

1 5  (C')  Break  thou  the  arm  of  the  wicked  ; 

and  as  for  the  evil  man,  mayest  thou  require  his 
wickedness  till  thou  find  none. 

16  Jehovah  is  King  for  ever  and  ever ; 

the  nations  are  perished  out  of  his  land. 

17  (n)  Jehovah,  thou  hast  heard  ^  the  desire  of  the 

humble  ; 
thou  directest  their  heart,  thou  causest  thine 
ear  to  attend  : 

18  To  judge  the  fatherless  and  the  downtrodden, 

that  man  (which  is)  of  the  earth  may  terrorize  no 
more. 

*  So  the  pointed  Heb.  text.  With  other  vowels,  the  hapless  (?) 
committeth  [his  cause). 

^  i.  e.  by  Hebrew  idiom,  thou  vcilt  assuredly  hear. 


26  THE   PSALMS  [day  2 

Psalm  XI.     In  Domino  co7ifido, 

1  In  the  Lord  put  I  my  trust  :  how  say  ye  then 
to  my  soul,  that  she  should  flee  as  a  bird  unto  the 
hill? 

2  For  lo,  the  ungodly  bend  their  bow,  and  make 
ready  their  arrows  within  the  quiver  :  that  they  may 
privily  shoot  at  them  which  are  true  of  heart. 

3  For  the  foundations  will  be  cast  down  :  and  what 
hath  the  righteous  done  ? 

4  The  Lord  is  in  his  holy  temple  :  the  Lord's  seat 
is  in  heaven. 

5  His  eyes  consider  (the  poor)  :  and  his  eye-lids  try 
the 'children  of  men. 

6  The  Lord  alloweth  the  righteous  :  but  the  un- 
godly, and  him  that  delighteth  in  wickedness  doth  his 
soul  abhor. 

7  Upon  the  ungodly  he  shall  rain  snares,  fire  and 
brimstone,  storm  and  tempest  :  this  shall  be  their 
portion  to  drink. 

8  For  the  righteous  Lord  loveth  righteousness  :  his 
countenance  will  behold  the  thing  that  is  just. 


EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XII.     Salvum  mefac. 

I  Help  (me),  Lord,  for  there  is  not  one  godly  man 
left  :  for  the  faithful  a:re  minished  from  among  the 
children  of  men. 


'  So  Heb.  text.  Heb.  marp;.  has  Flee  (fern.  sing.).  Read  pro- 
bably, with  the  Ancient  Versions,  Flee  (fern,  sing.)  to  the  nioi'.n- 
taiii  as  a  bird.  ^  i.  e.  the  stays  of  social  order. 

^  Or,  with  the  change  of  a  vowel-point,  he  raineth  (with  are 
for  be  in  the  next  line). 


BOOK  l]  PSALMS   XI,    XII  27 

Psalm  XI. 

1  In  Jehovah  have  I  taken  refuge ; 

how  say  ye  to  my  soul, 

'  Flee  ye  '  to  your  mountain  (as)  a  bird  ? 

2  '  For,  lo,  the  wicked  bend  the  bow, 

'  they  have  fixed  their  arrow  upon  the  string, 
*  to  shoot  in  darkness  at  them  which  are  upright 
of  heart. 

3  '  When  the  buttresses  ^  are  being  torn  down, 

'  what  can  the  righteous  do  ? ' 

4  Jehovah  is  in  his  holy  temple, 

Jehovah^  his  throne  is  in  heaven  ; 
his  eyes  behold,  his  eyelids  try,  the  children  of 
men. 

5  Jehovah  by  trial  approveth  the  righteous  ; 

but  the  wicked  and  him  that  loveth  violence 
doth  his  soul  hate. 

6  Upon  the  wicked  may  he  rain  ^  traps  ; 

fire  and  brimstone  and  *  a  glowing  wind  ^  (be) 
the  portion  of  their  cup  ! 


7  For   Jehovah  is  righteous,  he   loveth   righteous- 
.    nesses  "^ : 
the  upright  behold  his  face. 

Psalm  XII. 

I  Save,  Jehovah,  for  the  godly ''  man  is  come  to  an 
end ; 
for  the  faithful  are  vanished  from  among  the 
children  of  men. 

*  Read  probably,  may  he  rain  (or,  he  rahteth)  coals  of  fire 
and  brimstone;  and,  &c.  (the  word  rendered  'traps'  means 
a  network  bird-trap,  laid  upon  the  ground  ;  see  Am.  iii.  5). 

^  With  allusion  to  the  scorching  blast  of  the  sirocco. 

'  i.e.  acts  of  righteousness.  ''  Or,  kind  {ci.  Is.  Ivii.  i). 


28  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  2 

2  They  talk  of  vanity  every  one  with  his  neighbour  : 
they  do  but  flatter  with  their  lips,  and  dissemble  in 
their  double  heart. 

3  The  Lord  shall  root  out  all  deceitful  lips  :  and 
the  tongue  that  speaketh  proud  things ; 

4  Which  have  said,  With  our  tongue  will  we 
prevail  :  we  are  they  that  ought  to  speak,  who  is  lord 
over  us  ? 

5  Now  for  the  comfortless  troubles'  sake  of  the 
needy  :  and  because  of  the  deep  sighing  of  the  poor, 

6  I  will  up,  saith  the  Lord  :  and  will  help  every  one 
from  him  that  swelleth  against  him,  [and  will  set  him 
at  rest]. 

7  The  words  of  the  Lord  are  pure  words  :  even  as 
the  silver,  which  from  the  earth  is  tried,  and  purified 
seven  times  in  the  fire. 

8  Thou  shalt  keep  them,  O  Lord  :  thou  shalt 
preserve  him  from  this  generation  for  ever. 

9  The  ungodly  walk  on  every  side  :  when  they  are 
exalted,  the  children  of  men  are  put  to  rebuke. 


Psalm  XIII.      Usque  quo,  Domine  ? 

1  How  long  wilt  thou  forget  me,  O  Lord,  for  ever  : 
how  long  wilt  thou  hide  thy  face  from  me  ? 

2  How  long  shall  I  seek  counsel  in  my  soul,  and  be 
so  vexed  in  my  heart  :  how  long  shall  mine  enemies 
triumph  over  me  ? 

'  Lit.  unreality.  ^  Lit.  lip  of  smoothnesses  :  so  v.  3. 

'Or,  In  regard  to  otir  tongue  we  are  miglity. 
*  Lit.  with  us,  i.  e.  on  our  side  (2  Ki.  ix.  32),  ready  to  aid  us. 
'  For  the  figures  used  in  this  verse,  cf.  MaL  iii.  3,  '  And  he 
shall  sit  as  a  smelter  and  purifier  of  silver,  and  he  shall  purify 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XIII  29 

2  They  speak  insincerity^  every  one  with  his  neigh- 

bour ; 
with  flattering  Hp^,  (and)  with  a  double  heart, 
do  they  speak. 

3  Jehovah  cut  off  all  flattering  lips, 

the  tongue  that  speaketh  great  things  ! 

4  (Even  them)  that  have  said,  '  Our  tongue  will  we 

make  mighty  ^ ; 
'  our  lips  are  our  own  * :  who  is  lord  over  us  ?  ' 

5  '  For  the  violent  using  of  the  poor,  for  the  groaning 

of  the  needy, 
'  now  will  I  arise,'  saith  Jehovah, 
'  I  will  set  him  in  the  safety  that  he  panteth  for.' 

6  The  words  of  Jehovah  are  pure  words ; 

(even)  silver  smelted  in  a  crucible  (?)  (and  flowing 

down)  to  the  earth, 
refined  seven  times  ®. 

7  T/wu,  Jehovah,  wilt  keep  them, 

thou  wilt  preserve  him "  from  this  generation 
for  ever, 

8  (Though)  the  wicked  walk  about  on  every  side, 

when     worthlessness''    is    exalted    above    the 
children  of  men. 

Psalm  XIII. 

r  How  long,  Jehovah,  wilt  thou  forget  me  for  ever  ? 

how  long  wilt  thou  hide  thy  face  from  me  ? 
2  How  long  shall  I  lay  plans  in  my  soul, 

(having)  sorrow  in  my  heart  by  day  *  ? 

how  long  shall  mine  enemy  be  exalted  over  me? 

the  sons  of  Levi,  and  refine  them,  as  gold  and  silver.' 

^  Or,  with  other  vowel-points,  us.     Sept.   (codd.   Sin.  and 

Al.)  has  us  in  both  clauses. 

'  Lit.  cheapness,  i.  e.  common,  worthless  men. 

"  Read  either,  with  Sept.  (codd.  Sin.  and  Al.),  by  day  and 

by  night,  or,  with  several  modern  scholars,  daily. 


30  THE   PSALMS  [daY  2 

3  Consider,  and  hear  me,  O  Lord  my  God  :  lighten 
mine  eyes,  that  I  sleep  not  in  death. 

4  Lest  mine  enemy  say,  I  have  prevailed  against 
him  :  for  if  I  be  cast  down,  they  that  trouble  me  will 
rejoice  at  it. 

5  But  my  trust  is  in  thy  mercy  :  and  my  heart  is 
joyful  in  thy  salvation. 

6  I  will  sing  of  the  Lord,  because  he  hath  dealt  so 
lovingly  with  me  :  (yea,  I  will  praise  the  Name  of  the  Lord 
most  Highest.) 

Psalm  XIV.     Dixit  insij>iens. 

1  The  fool  hath  said  in  his  heart  :  There  is  no 
God. 

2  They  are  corrupt,  and  become  abominable  in 
their  doings  :  there  is  none  that  doeth  good,  (no  not 
one.) 

3  The  Lord  looked  down  from  heaven  upon  the 
children  of  men  :  to  see  if  there  were  any  that  would 
understand,  and  seek  after  God. 

4  But  they  are  all  gone  out  of  the  way,  they  are 
altogether  become  abominable  :  there  is  none  that 
doeth  good,  no  not  one. 

5  (Their  throat  is  an  open  sepulchre,  with  their  tongues  have 
they  deceived  :  the  poison  of  asps  is  under  their  lips. 

6  Their  mouth  is  full  of  cursing  and  bitterness  :  their  feet 
are  swift  to  shed  blood. 

7  Destruction  and  unhappiness  is  in  their  ways,  and  the 
way  of  peace  have  they  nOt  known  :  there  is  no  fear  of  God 
before  their  eyes.)  ^ 

'  St.  Paul,  in  Rom.  iii.  10-12,  after  quoting  Ps.  xiv.  1-3, 
proceeds  to  quote  Ps.  v.  9,  cxl.  3,  x.  7,  Is.  fix.  7,  8,  Ps.  xxxvi.  i : 
this  whole  series  of  passages  was  at  an  early  date  introduced 
by  a  scribe  into  the  Sept.  text  of  Ps.  xiv,  w^hence  it  passed 
into  the  Vulgate,  and  so,  through  the  Great  Bible  of  1539-41, 
into  the  Prayer  Book  Version  of  the  Psalms. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XIV  31 


3  Behold,  (and)  answer  me,  Jehovah  my  God ; 

lighten  mine  eyes  ^  lest  I  sleep  in  death  : 

4  Lest  mine  enemy  say,  '  I  have  prevailed  against 

him ' ; 
(and)  mine  adversaries  rejoice   because  I  am 
moved. 

5  But  as  for  me,  in  thy  kindness  do  I  trust : 

let  my  heart  rejoice  in  thy  salvation. 

6  I  will  sing  unto  Jehovah, 

because  he  hath  dealt  bountifully  with  me. 


Psalm  XIV. 

The  senseless  man'  hath  said  in  his  heart,  'There 
is  no  Co 2'  : 
they   have   dealt    corruptly,    they   have    made 

abominable  their  doings ; 
there  is  none  that  doeth  good. 
Jehovah    looked    forth    from    heaven    upon   the 
children  of  men, 
to  see  if  there  were  any  that  did  understand  *, 
that  did  seek  after  God. 
The  whole  are  turned  aside,  all  together  are  they 
become  tainted ; 
there  is  none  that  doeth  good,  no,  not  one. 


-the  brightness  of  the  eyes  being  a  sign  that 
the  bodily  powers  are  in  full  vigour.  See  i  Sam.  xiv.  27,  29, 
Ezra  ix.  8. 

^  The  man  who  has  no  sense,  or  perception,  for  the  claims 
of  either  God  or  man.     See  Glossary  I. 

*  Or,  deal  wisely. 


32  THE  PSALMS  [day  3 

8  Have  they  no  knowledge,  that  they  are  all  such 
workers  of  mischief  :  eating  up  my  people  as  it  were 
bread,  and  call  not  upon  the  Lord  ? 

9  There  were  they  brought  in  great  fear,  (even 
where  no  fear  was  :)  1  for  God  is  in  the  generation  of 
the  righteous. 

ID  As  for  you,  ye  have  made  a  mock  at  the  counsel 
of  the  poor  :  because  he  putteth  his  trust  in  the 
Lord. 

1 1  Who  shall  give  salvation  unto  Israel  out  of  Sion  ? 
When  the  Lord  turneth  the  captivity  of  his  people  : 
then  shall  Jacob  rejoice,  and  Israel  shall  be  glad. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

PsALisi  XV.     Domine,  quis  habitabit  ? 

1  Lord,  who  shall  dwell  in  thy  tabernacle  :  or  who 
shall  rest  upon  thy  holy  hill  ? 

2  Even  he,  that  leadeth  an  uncorrupt  life  :  and 
doeth  the  thing  which  is  right,  and  speaketh  the  truth 
from  his  heart. 

3  He  that  hath  used  no  deceit  in  his  tongue,  nor 
done  evil  to  his  neighbour  :  and  hath  not  slandered 
his  neighbour. 

4  He  that  setteth  not  by  himself,  but  is  lowly  in  his 
own  eyes  :  and  maketh  much  of  them  that  fear  the  Lord. 

5  He  that  sweareth  unto  his  neighbour,  and  disap- 
pointeth  him  not :  though  it  were  to  his  own  hindrance. 


*  Borrowed  from  Ps.  liii.  5. 

*  Or,  with  Sept.,  Vulg.,  changing  one  vowel,  S/iall  not  all 
the  workers  of  naughtiness  come  to  know  it  ?  (i.  e.  experience  the 
consequences  of  their  folly,  Hos.  ix.  7). 

2  z'.i'.  who  live  upon  extortion;  cf.  Mic. iii.  2.3,  Prov.  xxx.  14. 

*  The  Psalmist  sees  them  surprised  by  a  panic  terror. 

*  hit.  put  to  shame.  '  Or ,  of  the  afflicted. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XV  33 


4  Have  all  the  workers  of  naughtiness  no  know- 

ledge ^  ? 
eating  my  people,  they  eat  bread  *, 
(and)  call  not  upon  Jehovah. 

5  There  feared  they  a  fear  !  * 

for  God  is  in  the  generation  of  the  righteous. 

6  Ye  may  frustrate  ®  (,  if  ye  will,)  the  counsel  of  the 

poor ! ® 
for  Jehovah  is  his  refuge. 

7  O  that  the  salvation  of  Israel  were  come  out  of 

Zion  ! 
when   Jehovah   turneth  the   captivity ''   of  his 

people, 
let  Jacob  rejoice,  let  Israel  be  glad. 


Psalm  XV. 

Jehovah,  who  shall  sojourn  *  in  thy  tent  ? 

who  shall  dwell  upon  thy  holy  mountain  ? 
He   that   walketh   in   perfectness,   and    worketh 
righteousness, 

and  speaketh  truth  with  his  heart : 
He  that  hath  not  had  slander  upon  his  tongue, 

nor  done  evil  to  his  fellow, 

nor  taken  up  a  reproach  against  his  neighbour: 
In  whose  eyes  a  reprobate ''  is  despised, 

but  he  honoureth  them  that  fear  Jehovah ; 

he   that    sweareth   to    (his   own)   hurt'",    and 
changeth  not  '^ : 


''  Or,  perhaps,  restoreth  the  fortunes. 

^  Or,  be  a  guest.  The  meaning  is,  Who  is  worthy  to  be 
admitted  to  Thy  hospitality,  and  to  enjoy  Thy  protection  ? 

^  Lit.  one  reacted  or  refused  ;  cf.  Jer.  vi.  30. 

^*  Lit.  so  as  to  do  harm,  viz.  to  himself,  by  the  oath  turning 
out  unexpectedly  to  his  own  disadvantage  :  see  Lev.  v.  4. 

"  Cf.  Lev.  xxvii.  10. 

D 


34  THE   PSALMS  [day  3 

6  He  that  hath  not  given  his  money  upon  usury  : 
nor  taken  reward  against  the  innocent. 

7  Whoso  doeth  these  things  :  shall  never  fall. 

Psalm  XVI.     Conserva  me,  Domine. 

1  Preserve  me,  O  God  :  for  in  thee  have  I  put  my 
trust. 

2  O  my  soul,  thou  hast  said  unto  the  Lord  :  Thou 
art  my  God,  my  goods  are  nothing  unto  thee. 

3  All  my  delight  is  upon  the  saints,  that  are  in  the 
earth  :  and  upon  such  as  excel  in  virtue. 

4  But  they  that  run  after  another  god  :  shall  have 
great  trouble. 

5  Their  drink-offerings  of  blood  will  I  not  offer  : 
neither  make  mention  of  their  names  within  my  lips. 

6  The  I.ord  himself  is  the  portion  of  mine  inherit- 
ance, and  of  my  cup  :  thou  shalt  maintain  my  lot. 

7  The  lot  is  fallen  unto  me  in  a  fair  ground  :  yea, 
I  have  a  goodly  heritage. 

8  I  will  thank  the  Lord  for  giving  me  warning  :  my 
reins  also  chasten  me  in  the  night-season. 

9  I  have  set  God  always  before  me  :  for  he  is  on  my 
right  hand,  therefore  I  shall  not  fall. 

10  Wherefore  my  heart, was  glad,   and  my  glory 
rejoiced  :  my  flesh  also  shall  rest  in  hope. 


^  So  Sept.,  Vulg.,  Syr.  (cf.  xxxi.  14,  cxl.  6).  The  pointed 
Heb.  text  has.  Thou  (fern.)  hast  said,  implying  an  improbable 
ellipse  of  '  O  my  soul.' 

*  So  with  a  very  slight  emendation.  The  text,  as  it  stands, 
cannot  be  intelligibly  translated. 

^  So  with  a  very  slight  change.  The  Heb.  text,  as  pointed, 
cannot  be  satisfactorily  explained. 

*  Fig.  for  the  Psalmist's  spiritual  possessions. 


35 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XVI 

5   He  that  hath  not  given  his  money  upon  usury, 
nor  taken  a  bribe  against  the  innocent. 
Whoso  doeth  these  things  shall  never  be  moved. 

Psalm  XVI. 

1  Keep  me,  O  God  :   for  I  have  taken  refuge  in 

thee. 

2  I  have  said  ^  unto  Jehovah,  '  Thou  art  my  Lord ; 

'  my  good  is  not  beyond  (?)  thee.' 

3  As  for  the  holy  ones  that  are  in  the  land, 

they  are  the  nobles  in  whom  is  all  my  delight ^ 

4  Their  sorrows  are  multiplied  that  take  another  in 

exchange  (for  Jehovah) ; 
their  drink-offerings  of  blood  will  I  not  pour  out, 
neither  take  up  their  names  upon  my  lips. 

5  Jehovah  is  the  share  of  my  portion,  and  my  cup  ; 

thou  boldest  fast  ■'  my  lot. 

6  The  measuring-lines  are  fallen  unto  me  in  pleasant 

places  ■* ; 
yea,  mine  inheritance  *  is  acceptable  ^  unto  me. 

7  I  will  bless  Jehovah,  who  hath  given  me  counsel ; 

yea,  in  the  nights  my  reins  admonish  me ''. 

8  I  have  set  Jehovah  continually  before  me  ; 

because  he  is  at  my  right  hand,  I  shall  not  be 
moved. 

9  Therefore  my  heart  is  glad,   and  my  glory''  re- 

joiceth  ; 
my  flesh  also  dwelleth  in  safety  ^ : 

'  Cf.  Dan.  iv.  27.     Lit.  is  fair,  comely. 

*  i.  e.  the  impulses  of  the  Psalmist's  own  breast  respond  to 
the  Divine  'counsel,'  which  had  prompted  him  to  choose  the 
better  way.     Cf.  Glossary  I,  under  'reins.' 

'  A  poetical  expression  for  the  soul  (as  the  noblest  part  of 
manV,  so  Gen.  xlix.  6,  Ps.  xxx.  12,  Ivii.  8  (  =  cviii.  i),  and 
probably  vii.  5. 

"  Cf.  Deut.  xxxiii.  12,  28,  Prov.  i.  33  ('securely'), 

1)  2 


36  THE   PSALMS  [day  3 

1 1  For  why  ?  thou  shalt  not  leave  my  soul  in 
hell  :  neither  shalt  thou  suffer  thy  Holy  One  to  see 
corruption. 

12  Thou  shalt  shew  me  the  path  of  life;  in  thy 
presence  is  the  fulness  of  joy  :  and  at  thy  right  hand 
there  is  pleasure  for  evermore. 

Psalm  XVII.     Exaiidi,  Doniine. 

1  Hear  the  right,  O  Lord,  consider  my  complaint  : 
and  hearken  unto  my  prayer,  that  goeth  not  out  of 
feigned  lips. 

2  Let  my  sentence  come  forth  from  thy  presence  : 
and  let  thine  eyes  look  upon  the  thing  that  is  equal. 

3  Thou  hast  proved  and  visited  mine  heart  in  the 
night-season;  thou  hast  tried  me,  and  shalt  find  no 
wickedness  in  me  :  for  I  am  utterly  purposed  that  my 
mouth  shall  not  offend. 

4  Because  of  men's  works,  that  are  done  against 
the  words  of  thy  lips  :  I  have  kept  me  from  the  ways 
of  the  destroyer. 

5  O  hold  thou  up  my  goings  in  thy  paths  :  that  my 
footsteps  slip  not. 

6  I  have  called  upon  thee,  O  God,  for  thou  shalt 
hear  me  :  incline  thine  ear  to  me,  and  hearken  unto 
my  words. 

7  Shew  thy  marvellous  loving-kindness,  thou  that 
art  the  Saviour  of  theiji  which  put  their  trust  in  thee  : 
from  such  as  resist  thy  right  hand. 

« 

8  Keep  me  as  the  apple  of  an  eye  :  hide  me  under 
the  shadow  of  thy  wings. 

^  So  Heb.  marg.  and  Ancient  Versions.  Heb.  text,  godly 
ones.  -  Cf.  Ps.  xlix.  9. 

^  Cf.  cxliii.  8.  *   Vis.  to  distribute :   cf.  Prov.  iii.  16. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XVII  37 

10  For  thou  wilt  not  leave  my  soul  to  Sheol ; 

thou  wilt  not  suffer  thy  godly  one  ^  to  see  the 
pit^ 

11  Thou  makest  me  to  know  ^  the  path  of  life  : 

in  thy  presence  is  satiety  of  joys  ; 
in  thy  right  hand*  there  are  pleasures  for  ever- 
more. 

Psalm  XVII. 

1  Hear    righteousness,    Jehovah,    attend   unto   rny 

ringing  cry, 
give  ear  unto  my  prayer,  (that  is  uttered)  with 
no  deceitful  lips. 

2  Let  my  judgement  come  forth  from  thy  presence ; 

let  thine  eyes  behold  equity  ^. 

3  Thou  hast  tried  mine  heart,  thou  hast  visited  (it) 

in  the  night ; 
thou  hast  tested  me,  without  finding  aught : 
it  is  my  purpose  that  my  mouth  shall  not  trans- 
gress. 

4  As  for  the  works  of  men,  by  the  word  of  thy  lips 

/  have  marked  (so  as  to  avoid)  the  paths  of  the 
violent. 

5  My  treadings  have  held  fast  to  thy  tracks, 

my  footsteps  have  not  slipped. 

6  As  for  me,  I  call  upon  thee,  for  thou  wilt  answer 

me,  O  God  : 
incline  thine  ear  to  me,  hear  my  speech. 

7  Make  signal  thy  kindnesses,  O  thou  that  savest 

them  which  take  refuge  (in  thee) 
from  those  that  rise  up  (against  them),  by "  thy 
right  hand. 

8  Keep  me  as  the  apple  of  an  eye  '', 

hide  me  in  the  shadow  of  thy  wings. 


^  Or,  tbmc  eyes  behold  in  equity.  ^  Or,  rise  up  against. 

Heb.  the  pupil  (Deut.  xxxii.  10),  the  daughter  (Lam.  ii.  18) 


7 


of  an  eye. 


38  THE   PSALMS  [day  3 

9  From  the  ungodly  that  trouble  me  :  mine  enemies 
compass  me  round  about  to  take  away  my  soul. 

10  They  are  inclosed  in  their  own  fat  :  and  their 
mouth  speaketh  proud  things. 

11  They  lie  waiting  in  our  way  on  every  side  : 
turning  their  eyes  down  to  the  ground ; 

1 2  Like  as  a  lion  that  is  greedy  of  his  prey  :  and  as 
it  were  a  lion's  whelp,  lurking  in  secret  places. 

13  Up,  Lord,  disappoint  him,  and  cast  him  down  : 
deliver  my  soul  from  the  ungodly,  which  is  a  sword  of 
thine ; 

14  From  the  men  of  thy  hand,  O  Lord,  from  the 
men,  I  say,  and  from  the  evil  world  :  which  have 
their  portion  in  this  life,  whose  beUies  thou  fiUest  with 
thy  hid  treasure. 

15  They  have  children  at  their  desire  :  and  leave 
the  rest  of  their  substance  for  their  babes. 

16  But  as  for  me,  I  will  behold  thy  presence  in 
righteousness  :  and  when  I  awake  up  after  thy  like- 
ness, I  shall  be  satisfied  with  it. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XVIIL     Diligam  te,  Domine. 

1  I  will  love  thee,  O  Lord,  my  strength ;  the  Lord 
is  my  stony  rock,  and  my  defence  :  my  Saviour,  my 
God,  and  my  might,  in  whom  1  will  trust,  my  buckler, 
the  horn  also  of  my  salvation,  and  my  refuge. 

2  I  will  call  upon  the  Lord,  which  is  worthy  to  be 
praised  :  so  shall  I  be  safe  from  mine  enemies. 

»  Cf.  Ps.  cxix.  70.  Or,  perhaps,  their  midriff  they  have  shut 
tight  (/■.  e.  they  are  insensible  to  pity — the  midriff  covering  the 
liver,  which  is  regarded  by  the  Arabs  as  a  seat  of  feelingj. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XVIII  39 


9  From  the  wicked  that  use  me  violently, 
my  greedy  enemies,  that  encircle  me. 

10  Their  fat  they  have  shut  tight  \ 

with  their  mouth  they  speak  proudly. 

1 1  At  our  steps  they  now  surround  us  ; 

they  set  their  eyes  to  lay  (us)  down  upon  the 
earth. 

12  He  is  like  a  lion  eager  to  tear  in  pieces, 

and  like  a  young  lion  sitting  in  secret  places. 

13  Arise,  Jehovah,  confront  him,  cause  him  to  bow 

down: 
deliver  my  soul  from  the  wicked  by  thy  sword  ; 

14  From  men,  by  thy  hand,  O  Jehovah, 

from  men,  whose  portion  in  life  is  of  the  (fleeting) 

age', 
and  whose  belly  thou  fiUest  with  thy  hid  treasuue; 
who  are  satisfied  with  sons, 
and  leave  their  abundance  for  their  little  ones. 

15  As  for  me,  may  I  behold  thy  face  in  righteous- 

ness ! 
may  I  be   satisfied,  when  I  awake,  with  thy 
similitude !  ^ 


Psalm  XVIII*. 

1  I  love  thee  fervently,  O  Jehovah,  my  strength. 

2  Jehovah  is  my  crag,  and  my  fastness,  and  my 

deliverer ; 
my  God,  my  rock,  wherein  I  take  refuge ; 
my  shield,  and  the  horn  of  my  salvation,  my 

high  retreat. 

3  I  call  upon  him  who  is  to  be  praised,  upon  Jehovah, 

and  I  am  saved  from  mine  enemies. 

^  Cf.  xlix.  I  ;  also  xxxix.  5,  Ixxxix.  47  ('  time'). 

=  Cf.  Num.  xii.  8  (R.V.  '  form  '). 

*  There  is  a  parallel  text  of  this  Psalm  in  2  Sam.  xxii. 


40  THE   PSALMS  [day  3 

3  The  sorrows  of  death  compassed  me  :  and  the 
overflowings  of  ungodhness  made  me  afraid. 

4  The  pains  of  hell  came  about  me  :  the  snares  of 
death  overtook  me. 

5  In  my  trouble  I  will  call  upon  the  Lord  :  and 
complain  unto  my  God. 

6  So  shall  he  hear  my  voice  out  of  his  (holy)  temple  : 
and  my  complaint  shall  come  before  him,  it  shall 
enter  even  into  his  ears. 

7  The  earth  trembled  and  quaked  :  the  very 
foundations  also  of  the  hills  shook,  and  were  re- 
moved, because  he  was  wroth. 

8  There  went  a  smoke  out  in  his  presence  ':  and 
a  consuming  fire  out  of  his  mouth,  so  that  coals  were 
kindled  at  it. 

9  He  bowed  the  heavens  also,  and  came  down  : 
and  it  was  dark  under  his  feet. 

10  He  rode  upon  the  cherubins,  and  did  fly  :  he 
came  flying  upon  the  wings  of  the  wind. 

1 1  He  made  darkness  his  secret  place  :  his  pavilion 
round  about  him  with  dark  water,  and  thick  clouds  to 
cover  him. 

12  At  the  brightness  of  his  presence  his  clouds 
removed  :  hail-stones,  and  coals  of  fire. 

13  The  Lord  also  thundered  out  of  heaven,  and 
the  Highest  gave  his  thunder  :  hail-stones,  and  coals 
of  fire. 

14  He  sent  out  his  arrows,  and  scattered  them  :  he 
cast  forth  lightnings,  and  destroyed  them. 


^  Vv.  4-19  describe,  in  figurative  language,  the  Psalmist's 
deliverance.  The  onslaught  of  his  foes  is  compared  to  rising 
waters  which  threatened  to  overwhelm  him  ;  but  Jehovah,  in 
answer  to  his  call,  descended  from  heaven  in  a  thunder-storm, 
and  rescued  him  from  their  grasp. 

•^  So  2  Sam.  xxii.  5.     The  text  here  has  nooses  (see  v.  5). 

^  i.  c.    mountain-torrents,    swollen    with    rain,    and    rushing 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XVIII  4I 


4  The  ^  billows  ^  of  death  encompassed  me, 

and  the  torrents  of  destruction  ''  affrighted  me. 

5  The  nooses  *  of  Sheol  surrounded  me  ; 

the  gins  of  death  confronted  me. 

6  In  my  distress  I  called  upon  Jehovah, 

and  cried  for  help  unto  my  God  : 

he  heard  my  voice  out  of  his  palace, 

and  my  cry  before  him  entered  into  his  ears. 

7  Then  the  earth  swayed  and  shook, 

the  foundations  also  of  the  mountains  trembled, 
and  swayed  to  and  fro,  because  he  was  angry. 

8  There  went  up  a  smoke  in  his  nostrils, 

and  fire  out  of  his  mouth  devoured  ; 
coals  were  kindled  at  it. 

9  And  he  bowed  the  heavens,  and  came  down  ; 

and  thick  darkness  was  under  his  feet. 

10  And  he  rode  upon  a  cherub,  and  did  fly ; 

and  came  swooping  upon  the  wings  of  the  wind. 

11  He  made  darkness  his  hiding-place,  his  pavilion'^ 

round  about  him  ; 
darkness  of  waters,  thick  clouds  of  the  skies. 

12  Out  of  the  brightness  before  him, 

there  passed  through  his  thick  clouds 
hailstones  and  coals  of  fire. 

13  And  Jehovah  thundered  in  the  heavens, 

and  the  Most  High  uttered  his  voice; 
hailstones  and  coals  of  fire. 

14  And  he  sent  out  his  arrows,  and  scattered  them  ; 

and  shot  forth  lightnings,  and  discomfited  them. 


along  with  destructive  violence. 

*  Job  xviii.  10.     The  figure  is  that  of  a  hunter. 

^  Cf.  Job  xxxvi.  29  (the  same  word  ;  lit.  booth).  It  was  the 
Hebrew  belief  that  the  dense  thunder-cloud  shrouded  the 
majesty  of  Jehovah  ;  the  lightnings  were  partings  of  the  cloud, 
disclosing  flashes  of  the  brilliancy  concealed  within,  and  the 
thunder  (cf.  Ps.  xxix.  39)  was  His  voice. 


42  THE   PSALMS  [daY  3 

15  The  springs  of  waters  were  seen,  and  the 
foundations  of  the  round  world  were  discovered,  at 
thy  chiding,  O  Lord  :  at  the  blasting  of  the  breath  of 
thy  displeasure. 

16  He  shall  send  down  from  on  high  to  fetch  me  : 
and  shall  take  me  out  of  many  waters. 

17  He  shall  deliver  me  from  my  strongest  enemy, 
and  from  them  which  hate  me  :  for  they  are  too 
mighty  for  me. 

18  They  prevented  me  in  the  day  of  my  trouble  : 
but  the  Lord  was  my  upholder. 

19  He  brought  me  forth  also  into  a  place  of  liberty  : 
he  brought  me  forth,  even  because  he  had  a  favour 
unto  me. 

20  The  Lord  shall  reward  me  after  my  righteous 
dealing  :  according  to  the  cleanness  of  my  hands  shall 
he  recompense  me. 

21  Because  I  have  kept  the  ways  of  the  Lord  :  and 
have  not  forsaken  my  God,  as  the  wicked  doth. 

22  For  I  have  an  eye  unto  all  his  laws  :  and  will 
not  cast  out  his  commandments  from  me. 

23  I  was  also  uncorrupt  before  him  :  and  eschewed 
mine  own  wickedness. 

24  Therefore  shall  the  Lord  reward  me  after  my 
righteous  dealing  :  and  according  unto  the  cleanness 
of  my  hands  in  his  eye-siglit. 

25  With  the  holy  thou  shalt  be  holy  :  and  with 
a  perfect  man  thou  shalt  be  perfect. 

26  With  the  clean  ^hou  shalt  be  clean  :  and  with 
the  froward  thou  shalt  learn  frowardness. 

27  For  thou  shalt  save  the  people  that  are  in  adver- 
sity :  and  shalt  bring  down  the  high  looks  of  the  proud. 

*  2  Sam.  xxii.  16  has,  of  the  sea. 
^  Or,  stretched  forth  ;  cf.  cxliv.  7. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XVIII  43 

15  Then  the  bed  of  the  waters  ^  was  seen, 

and  the  foundations  of  the  world  were  laid  bare, 

at  thy  rebuke,  O  Jehovah, 

at  the  blast  of  the  breath  of  thy  nostrils. 

16  He  sent  ^  from  on  high,  he  took  me, 

he  drew  me  out  of  many  waters. 

1 7  He  delivered  me  from  my  strong  enemy, 

and  from  them  which  hated  me,  for  they  were 
too  mighty  for  me. 

18  They  confronted  me  in  the  day  of  my  calamity  ; 

but  Jehovah  was  my  stay. 

19  And  he  brought  me  forth  into  a  broad  place  ■"' ; 

he  rescued  me,  because  he  delighted  in  me. 


20  Jehovah  dealt  with  me  according  to  my  righteous- 

ness ; 
according  to  the  purity  of  my  hands  did  he 
recompense  me. 

21  Because  I  kept  the  ways  of  Jehovah, 

and  departed  not  wickedly  from  my  God. 

22  For  all  his  ordinances  were  before  me, 

and  I  put  not  away  his  statutes  from  me. 

23  I  was  also  perfect  with  him, 

and  I  kept  myself  from  mine  iniquity. 

24  So  Jehovah  recompensed  me  according   to    my 

righteousness, 
according  to  the  purity  of  my  hands  in  his  eye- 
sight. 

25  With  the  kind  thou  *  shewest  thyself  kind  ; 

with  the  perfect  man  thou  shewest  thyself  perfect; 

26  With  the  pure  thou  shewest  thyself  pure  ; 

and   with   the   crooked   thou    shewest    thyself 
tortuous. 

27  For  thou  savest  the  afflicted  people  ; ' 

but  haughty  eyes  thou  dost  abase. 

"  Cf.  xxxi.  8.  1  i.  e.  God. 


44  THE   PSALMS  [DAY   3 

28  Thou  also  shalt  light  my  candle  :  the  Lord  my 
God  shall  make  my  darkness  to  be  light. 

29  For  in  thee  I  shall  discomfit  an  host  of  men  : 
and  with  the  help  of  my  God  I  shall  leap  over  the  wall. 

30  The  way  of  God  is  an  undefiled  way  :  the  word 
of  the  Lord  also  is  tried  in  the  fire  ;  he  is  the  defender 
of  all  them  that  put  their  trust  in  him. 

31  For  who  is  God,  but  the  Lord  :  or  who  hath 
any  strength,  except  our  God  ? 

32  It  is  God,  that  girdeth  me  with  strength  of  war  : 
and  maketh  my  way  perfect. 

33  He  maketh  my  feet  like  harts'  feet  :  and  setteth 
me  up  on  high. 

34  He  teacheth  mine  hands  to  fight  :  and  mine 
arms  shall  break  even  a  bow  of  steel. 

35  Thou  hast  given  me  the  defence  of  thy  salvation  : 
thy  right  hand  also  shall  hold  me  up,  and  thy  loving 
correction  shall  make  me  great. 

36  Thou  shalt  make  room  enough  under  me  for  to 
go  :  that  my  footsteps  shall  not  slide. 

37  I  will  follow  upon  mine  enemies,  and  overtake 
them  :  neither  will  I  turn  again  till  I  have  destroyed 
them. 

38  I  will  smite  them,  that  they  shall  not  be  able  to 
stand  :  but  fall  under  my  feet. 

39  Thou  hast  girded  me  with  strength  unto  the 
battle  :  thou  shalt  throw  down  mine  enemies  under 
me. 

40  Thou  hast  made  mine  enemies  also  to  turn 
their  backs  upon  me  :  and  I  shall  destroy  them  that 
hate  me. 

^  Lit.  smelted;  i.  e.  free  from  all  dross  or  alloy  :   cf.  xii.  6. 
^  i.  e.  the  hills  and  mountain-ranges  of  Canaan  ;  cf.  Deur. 
xxxii.  13. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XVIII  45 

28  For  thou  lightest  my  lamp  : 

Jehovah  my  God  maketh  my  darkness  to  be 
bright. 

29  For  by  thee  I  can  run  upon  a  troop, 

and  by  my  God  I  can  leap  over  a  wall. 

30  As  for  God,  his  way  is  perfect : 

the  word  of  Jehovah  is  (of)  sterling  (metal)  ^  • 
he  is  a  shield  unto  all  them  that  take  refuge  in 
him. 

31  For  who  is  God,  save  Jehovah  ? 

and  who  is  a  rock,  except  our  God  ? 

32  The  God  that  girdeth  me  with  strength, 

and  maketh  my  way  perfect ; 

33  Who  setteth  my  feet  like  hinds'  (feet), 

and  causeth  me  to  stand  upon  my  high  places^; 

34  Who  teacheth  mine  hands  for  war, 

so  that  mine  arms  press  down  a  bow  of  bronze. 

35  Yea,  thou  givest  me  the  shield  of  thy  salvation; 

thy  right  hand  also  supporteth  me, 
and  thy  humility  ^  maketh  me  great. 

36  Thou  broadenest  *  my  steps  under  me, 

and  mine  ankles  totter  not. 

37  I  pursue  mine  enemies,  and  overtake  them; 

neither   turn    I   back   until  I  have   consumed 
them. 

38  I  shatter  them,  so  that  they  are  not  able  to  rise ; 

they  fall  under  my  feet. 

39  And   thou   girdest   me   with    strength    unto   the 

battle : 
thou  causest  them  that  rise  up  against  me  to 
bow  down  under  me. 

40  Thou  hast  made  mine  enemies  also  to  turn  their 

backs  unto  me ; 
and  I  exterminate  them  that  hate  me. 

^  Read,  perhaps,  with  a  sHght  change,  thy  help. 
*  i.  e.  so  that- 1  may  tread  firmly.     Cf.  the  opposite  expres- 
sion, to  be  narrowed,  Prov.  iv.  12,  Job  xviii.  7. 


46  THE   PSALMS  [day  4 


41  They  shall  cry,  but  there  shall  be  none  to  help 
them  :  yea,  even  unto  the  Lord  shall  they  cry,  but  he 
shall  not  hear  them. 

42  I  will  beat  them  as  small  as  the  dust  before  the 
wind  :  I  will  cast  them  out  as  the  clay  in  the  streets. 

43  Thou  shalt  deliver  me  from  the  strivings  of  the 
people  :  and  thou  shalt  make  me  the  head  of  the 
heathen. 

44  A  people  whom  I  have  not  known  :  shall  serve  me. 

45  As  soon  as  they  hear  of  me,  they  shall  obey  me  : 
but  the  strange  children  shall  dissemble  with  me. 

46  The  strange  children  shall  fail  :  and  be  afraid 
out  of  their  prisons. 

47  The  I.ord  liveth,  and  blessed  be  my  strong 
helper  :  and  praised  be  the  God  of  my  salvation. 

48  Even  the  God  that  seeth  that  I  be  avenged  : 
and  subdueth  the  people  unto  me. 

49  It  is  he  that  delivereth  me  from  my  (cruel) 
enemies,  and  setteth  me  up  above  mine  adversaries  : 
thou  shalt  rid  me  from  the  wicked  man. 

50  For  this  cause  will  I  give  thanks  unto  thee, 
O  Lord,  among  the  Gentiles  :  and  sing  praises  unto 
thy  Name. 

51  Great  prosperity  giveth  he  unto  his  King  :  and 
sheweth  loving-kindness  unto  David  his  Anointed, 
and  unto  his  seed  for  evermore. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XIX.     Cmli  enarrant. 

I  The  heavens  declare  the  glory  of  God  :  and  the 
firmament  sheweth  his  handy-work. 

^  Lit.  lie  to  me,  i.  e.  yield  unwilling  and  feigned  submission 
after  defeat.     So  Ixvi.  3,  Ixxxi.  15,  Deut.  xxxiii.  29. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XIX  47 

41  They  cry,  but  there  is  none  to  save  ; 

unto  Jehovah,  but  he  answereth  them  not. 

42  And  I  beat  them  small  as  the  dust  before  the 

wind : 
I  empty  them  out  as  the  mire  of  the  streets. 

43  Thou   deliverest   me   from    the   strivings   of  the 

people ; 
thou  makest  me  a  head  of  nations  : 
a  people  whom  I  have  not  known  serve  me. 

44  At  the  hearing  of  the.  ear  they  are  obedient  unto 

me  : 
the  foreigners  come  cringing '  unto  me. 

45  The  foreigners  fade  away, 

and  come  trembling^  out  of  their  fastnesses. 

46  Jehovah  liveth,  and  blessed  be  my  rock ; 

and  exalted  be  the  God  of  my  salvation  : 

47  Even  the  God  that  giveth  vengeances  unto  me, 

and  leadeth  peoples  subject  *  under  me  : 

48  Who  delivereth  me  from  mine  enemies  ; 

yea,  thou  liftest  me  up  above  them  that  rise  up 

against  me, 
from  the  man  of  violence  thou  rescuest  me. 

49  Therefore  will  I  give  thanks  unto  thee,  Jehovah, 

among  the  nations, 
and  make  melody  unto  thy  name  : 

50  Who  magnifieth  the  salvations  of  his  king ; 

and  doeth  kindness  to  his  anointed, 
to  David  and  to  his  seed,  for  evermore. 


Psalm  XIX. 

I  The  heavens  do  tell  the  glory  of  God  ; 

and  the  firmament  declareth  his  handy-work. 

^  Sept.  (here),  and  2  Sam.  xxii.  46  (Heb.  text)  have  limping 
(two  letters  transposed). 

^  Or,  perhaps,  dyiveth  peoples  in  flight. 


48  THE   PSALMS  [daY  4 

2  One  day  telleth  another  :  and  one  night  certifieth 
another. 

3  There  is  neither  speech  nor  language  :  but  their 
voices  are  heard  among  them. 

4  Their  sound  is  gone  out  into  all  lands  :  and  their 
words  into  the  ends  of  the  world. 

5  In  them  hath  he  set  a  tabernacle  for  the  sun  : 
which  Cometh  forth  as  a  bridegroom  out  of  his 
chamber^  and  rejoiceth  as  a  giant  to  run  his  course. 

6  It  goeth  forth  from  the  uttermost  part  of  the 
heaven,  and  runneth  about  unto  the  end  of  it  again  : 
and  there  is  nothing  hid  from  the  heat  thereof. 

7  The  law  of  the  Lord  is  an  undefiled  law,  con- 
verting the  soul  :  the  testimony  of  the  Lord  is  sure, 
and  giveth  wisdom  unto  the  simple. 

8  The  statutes  of  the  Lord  are  right,  and  rejoice 
the  heart  :  the  commandment  of  the  Lord  is  pure, 
and  giveth  light  unto  the  eyes. 

9  The  fear  of  the  Lord  is  clean,  and  endureth  for 
ever  :  the  judgements  of  the  Lord  are  true,  and 
righteous  altogether. 

10  More  to  be  desired  are  they  than  gold,  yea, 
than  much  fine  gold  :  sweeter  also  than  honey,  and 
the  honey-comb. 

11  Moreover,  by  them  is  thy  servant  taught  :  and 
in  keeping  of  them  there  is  great  reward. 


*  Or,  //  is  not  a  speech,  neither  are  they  words, 

the  voice  whereof  cannot  be  heard : 

*  i.e.  the  measuring-line  (Jer.  xxxi.  39),  marking  the  extent 
of  their  domain.  But  Sept.  and  many  mioderns  read,  their 
voice  (one  letter  added) ;  cf.  P.B.V.  ('  sound  '). 

^  The  tent  erected  specially  for  the  use  of  a  newly-married 
couple  ;  cf.  Joel  ii.  16  (A.V.,  R.V.,  '  closet 'j. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XIX  49 

2  Day  unto  day  poureth  forth  speech, 

and  night  unto  night  proclaimeth  knowledge. 

3  There  is  no  speech,  neither  are  there  words  ; 

their  voice  cannot  be  heard  ' : 

4  Their  hne  "^  is  gone  out  through  all  the  earth, 

and  their  words  unto  the  bound  of  the  world. 
In  them  hath  he  set  a  tent  for  the  sun  : 

5  and  he  is  like  a  bridegroom  coming  forth  from 

his  canopy  ^ ; 
he  rejoiceth  as  a  mighty  man  *  to  run  his  course: 

6  His  going  forth  is  from  the  bound  of  the  heaven, 

and  his  circuit  is  unto  the  bounds  of  it  (again) ; 
and  nothing  is  hidden  from  his  heat. 

7  The  law  of  Jehovah  is   perfect,  refreshing''  the' 

soul : 
the  testimony  of  Jehovah  is  trustworthy,  giving 
wisdom  unto  the  simple. 

8  The  precepts  of  Jehovah  are  upright,  rejoicing  the 

heart : 
the  commandment  of  Jehovah  is  pure,  giving 
light  unto  the  eyes ". 

9  The  fear  of  Jehovah  is  clean,  enduring  for  ever  : 

the  ordinances  of  Jehovah  are  truthful,  they  are 
righteous  all  together ; 

10  Which  are  more  to  be  desired  than  gold,  yea,  than 

much  fine  gold, 
and  sweeter  than  honey  and  the  droppings  of 
honey-combs. 

11  Moreover  by  them  is  thy  servant  warned ; 

in  keeping  of  them  there  is  great  reward. 


*  i.  e.  a  warrior ;  cf.  2  Sam.  xxiii.  8,  &c. 

^  See  Prov.  xxv.  13,  Lam.  i.  11,  16,  ig  ;  and  cf.  Ps.  xxiii.  3. 
Lit.  bringing  bach^  i.e.  restoring,  invigorating.  The  'soul'  is 
the  principle  of  life  (see  Glossary  I)  ;  here,  of  the  spiritual 
life. 

®  /'.  e.  a  source  of  (spiritual)  vitality  ;  cf.  xiii.  3,  Prov,  xxix.  13. 

E 


50  THE   PSALMS  [daY  4 

12  Who  can  tell  how  oft  he  offendeth  :  O  cleanse 
thou  me  from  (my)  secret  faults. 

13  Keep  thy  servant  also  from  presumptuous  sins, 
lest  they  get  the  dominion  over  me  :  so  shall  I  be 
undefiled,  and  innocent  from  the  great  offence. 

14  Let  the  words  of  my  mouth,  and  the  meditation 
of  my  heart  :  be  (alway)  acceptable  in  thy  sight, 

15  O  Lord  :  my  strength,  and  my  redeemer. 

Psalm  XX.     Exaudiat  te  Domi7tus. 

1  The  Lord  hear  thee  in  the  day  of  trouble  :  the 
Name  of  the  God  of  Jacob  defend  thee ; 

2  Send  thee  help  from  the  sanctuary  :  and  strengthen 
thee  out  of  Sion  ; 

3  Remember  all  thy  offerings  :  and  accept  thy 
burnt-sacrifice ; 

4  Grant  thee  thy  heart's  desire  :  and  fulfil  all  thy 
mind. 

5  We  will  rejoice  in  thy  salvation,  and  triumph  in 
the  Name  of  the  Lord  our  God  :  the  Lord  perform  all 
thy  petitions. 

6  Now  know  I,  that  the  Lord  helpeth  his  Anointed, 
and  will  hear  him  from  his  holy  heaven  :  even  with 
the  wholesome  strength  of  his  right  hand. 

7  Some  put  their  trust  in  chariots,  and  some  in 
horses  :  but  we  will  remember  the  Name  of  the  Lord 
our  God. 

8  They  are  brought  down,  and  fallen  :  but  we  are 
risen,  and  stand  upright. 

1  i.  e.  sins  of  inadvertence ;  cf.  Lev.  iv.  2,  R.V.  tnarg. 
^  The  same  word  which  is  rendered  'clear  '  in  Ex.  xxxiv.  7 ; 
and  'hold  guiltless'  in  Ex.  xx.  7,  and  elsewhere. 

'  Or,  Hold  back  thy  servant  also  from  the  proud;  cf.  Ps.  cxix. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XX  5 1 

12  Who  can  discern  errors '  ? 

Absolve  ^  thou  me  from  hidden  (faults). 

13  Keep  back  thy  servant  also  from  presumptuous 

(sins)  * ;  let  them  not  rule  over  me  : 
then  shall  I  be   perfect,  and   absolved^  from 
great  transgression. 

14  Let  the  words  of  my  mouth,  and  the  meditation  ■* 

of  my  heart,  be  acceptable  before  thee  °, 
Jehovah,  my  rock,  and  my  redeemer. 

Psalm  XX. 

1  Jehovah  answer  thee  in  the  day  of  trouble  ; 

the  name  of  the  God  of  Jacob  set  thee  up  on 
high « ; 

2  Send  forth  thine  help  from  the  sanctuary, 

and  support  thee  out  of  Zion  ; 

3  Remember  all  thy  meal-offerings, 

and  find  thy  burnt-sacrifice  fat ; 

4  Grant  thee  as  thy  heart  longeth, 

and  fulfil  all  thy  counsel. 

5  We  will  ring  out  our  joy  in  thy  salvation, 

and  in  the  name  of  our  God  we  will  set  up  our 

standards : 
Jehovah  fulfil  all  thy  petitions. 

6  Now  know  I  that  Jehovah  saveth  his  anointed ; 

he  will  answer  him  trom  his  holy  heaven 
with  mighty  acts  of  salvation  of  his  right  hand. 

7  Some  (make  mention)  of  chariots,  and  some  of 

horses  ; 
but   7ve   will   make   mention   of  the   name  of 
Jehovah  our  God. 

8  They  bow  and  fall  : 

but  we  are  risen,  and  stand  upright. 

51,  69,  78,  85,  122. 

*  Or,  murmuring  ;  cf.  i.  2,  and  xxxv.  28,  xlix.  3. 
^  Cf.  Lev.  i.  3. 

*  Secure  from  the  attack  of  foes. 

E  2 


52  THE   PSALMS  [daY  4 

9  Save,  Lord,  and  hear  us,  O  King  of  heaven  : 
when  we  call  (upon  thee). 

Psalm  XXI.     Domitie,  in  virtiite  tua. 

1  The  King  shall  rejoice  in  thy  strength,  O  Lord  : 
exceeding  glad  shall  he  be  of  thy  salvation. 

2  Thou  hast  given  him  his  heart's  desire  :  and  hast 
not  denied  him  the  request  of  his  lips. 

3  For  thou  shalt  prevent  him  with  the  blessings  of 
goodness  :  and  shalt  set  a  crown  of  pure  gold  upon 
his  head. 

4  He  asked  life  of  thee,  and  thou  gavest  him  a  long 
life  :  even  for  ever  and  ever. 

5  His  honour  is  great  in  thy  salvation  :  glory  and 
great  worship  shalt  thou  lay  upon  him. 

6  For  thou  shalt  give  him  everlasting  felicity  :  and 
make  him  glad  with  the  joy  of  thy  countenance. 

7  And  why  ?  because  the  King  putteth  his  trust  in 
the  Lord  :  and  in  the  mercy  of  the  most  Highest  he 
shall  not  miscarry. 

8  All  thine  enemies  shall  feel  thy  hand  :  thy  right 
hand  shall  find  out  them  that  hate  thee. 

9  Thou  shalt  make  them  like  a  fiery  oven  in  time 
of  thy  wrath  :  the  Lord  shall  destroy  them  in  his  dis- 
pleasure, and  the  fire  shall  consume  them. 

10  Their  fruit  shalt  thou  root  out  of  the  earth  : 
and  their  seed  from  among  the  children  of  men. 

1 1  For  they  intended,  mischief  against  thee  :  and 
imagined  such  a  device  as  they  are  not  able  to 
perform. 


1  Read,  with  Sept.,  Vulg.,  and  many  moderns,  O  Jehovah, 
save  the  king  ;  and  answer  us. 

^  Heb.  blessings  (intensive  plural).     Cf.  Gen.  xii.  2. 

^  Heb.  of  thy  face  {or  presence)  ;  cf.  2  Sam.  xvii.  i  r,  R.  V.  nmrg. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXI  53 

9  Save,  Jehovah : 

let  the  king  answer  us  ^  in  the  day  that  we  call. 

Psalm  XXL 

1  Jehovah,  for  thy  strength  the  king  is  glad  ; 

and   for   thy   salvation    how   greatly    doth    he 
rejoice! 

2  Thou  hast  given  him  his  heart's  desire, 

and  hast  not  withholden  the  request  of  his  lips. 

3  For  thou  comest  to  meet  him  with  blessings  of 

good; 
thou  settest  a  crown  of  fine  gold  upon  his  head. 

4  He  asked  life  of  thee,  thou  gavest  it  him, 

(even)  length  of  days  for  ever  and  ever, 

5  His  glory  is  great  through  thy  salvation ; 

majesty  and  state  thou  layest  upon  him. 

6  For  thou  makest  him  most  blessed  ^  for  ever ; 

thou  makest  him  glad  with  joy  in  thy  presence, 

7  For  the  king  trusteth  in  Jehovah, 

and  through  the  kindness  of  the  Most  High  he 
shall  not  be  moved, 

8  Thy  hand  shall  find  out  all  thine  enemies  ; 

thy  right  hand  shall  find  out  them  that  hate  thee: 

9  Thou  shalt  make  them  like  a  fiery  oven  at  the 

time  when  thou  appearest  ^. 
Jehovah  shall  swallow  them  up  in  his  anger, 
and  fire  shall  devour  them  : 
ID  Their  fruit  shalt  thou  destroy  from  the  earth, 

and  their  seed  from  among  the  children  of  men. 
1 1  Though  they  hold  out  evil  over  thee, 

(though)  they  imagine  a  (mischievous)  device, 
they  shall  not  prevail  * : 

Or,  Because  they  held  out  evil  over  thee, 

{because)  they  imagined  a  device,  (zvhich)  they  are  not 
able  {to petform) . 


i 


54  THE  PSALMS  [day  4 

12  Therefore  shalt  thou  put  them  to  flight  :  and 
the  strings  of  thy  bow  shalt  thou  make  ready  against 
the  face  of  them. 


13  Be  thou  exalted,  Lord,  in  thine  own  strength  : 
so  will  we  sing,  and  praise  thy  pow6r. 

E  VENING  PR  A  YER. 
Psalm  XXII,     Deus,  Deus  metes. 

1  My  God,  my  God,  (look  upon  me  ;)  why  hast  thou 
forsaken  me  :  and  art  so  far  from  my  health,  and  from 
the  words  of  my  complaint  ? 

2  O  my  God,  I  cry  in  the  day-time,  but  thou  hear- 
est  not  :  and  in  the  night-season  also  I  take  no  rest. 

3  And  thou  continuest  holy  :  O  thou  worship  of 
Israel. 

4  Our  fathers  hoped  in  thee  ;  they  trusted  in  thee, 
and  thou  didst  deliver  them. 

5  They  called  upon  thee,  and  were  holpen  :  they 
put  their  trust  in  thee,  and  were  not  confounded. 

6  But  as  for  me,  I  am  a  worm,  and  no  man  :  a  very 
scorn  of  men,  and  the  out-cast  of  the  people. 

7  All  they  that  see  me  laugh  me  to  scorn  :  they 
shoot  out  their  lips,  and  shake  their  heads,  saying, 

8  He  trusted  in  God,  that  he  would  deliver  him  : 
let  him  deliver  him,  if  he  will  have  him. 

9  But  thou  art  he  that  took  me  out  of  my  mother's 
womb  :  thou  wast  my  hope,  when  I  hanged  yet  upon 
my  mother's  breast. 


'  i.e  were  not  disappointed  ;  see  the  note  on  vi.  10. 
^  Heb.  Roll;  cf.  xxxvii.  5,  Prov.  xvi.  3. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXII  55 

1 2  For  thou  shalt  make  them  turn  their  shoulders  (in 

flight^, 
thou  shalt  aim  with  thy  bowstrings  against  the 
face  of  them. 

13  Be  thou  exalted,  Jehovah,  in  thy  strength ; 

so  will  we  sing  and  make  melody  of  thy  might. 


Psalm  XXII. 

1  My  God,  my  God,  why  hast  thou  forsaken  me, 

(being)  far  from  my  salvation,  (and  from)  the 
words  of  my  roaring  ? 

2  O  my  God,  I  call  by  day,  but  thou  answerest  not; 

and  at  night,  but  find  no  respite. 

3  And  (yet)  thou  art  holy, 

O  thou  that  sittest  (throned)  upon  the  praises 
of  Israel. 

4  In  thee  did  our  fathers  trust ; 

they  trusted,  and  thou  didst  deliver  them. 

5  Unto  thee  they  cried,  and  escaped  ; 

in  thee  did  they  trust,  and  were  not  ashamed  ^ 

6  But  I  am  a  worm,  and  no  man ; 

a  reproach  of  men,  and  despised  of  the  people. 

7  All  they  that  see  me  make  a  mock  at  me  ; 

they  gape  with  the  lip,  they  shake  the  head, 
(saying), 

8  '  Commit^  (thyself)  unto  Jehovah  !  let  him  deliver 

him; 
'  let  him  rescue  him,  seeing  he  delighteth  in  him.' 

9  For  thou  art  he  that  caused  (?)  me  to  burst  forth 

from  the  womb  ; 
that  madest  me  trust  ^  (when  I  was)  upon  my 
mother's  breasts. 

^  Sept.,   Syr.,  Vulg.,  Jer.    read,  {thoit  wast)  my  trust;    cf. 
P.B.V.  here,  and  Ps.  Ixxi.  5. 


56  THE   PSALMS  [day  4 

10  I  have  been  left  unto  thee  ever  since  I  was  born: 
thou  art  my  God  even  from  my  mother's  womb. 

1 1  O  go  not  from  me,  for  trouble  is  hard  at  hand  : 
and  there  is  none  to  help  me. 

12  Many  oxen  are  come  about  me  :  fat  bulls  of 
Easan  close  me  in  on  every  side. 

13  They  gape  upon  me  with  their  mouths  :  as  it 
were  a  ramping  and  a  roaring  lion. 

14  I  am  poured  out  like  water,  and  all  my  bones 
are  out  of  joint  :  my  heart  also  in  the  midst  of  my 
body  is  even  like  melting  wax. 

15  My  strength  is  dried  up  like  a  potsherd,  and 
my  tongue  cleaveth  to  my  gums  :  and  thou  shalt  bring 
me  into  the  dust  of  death. 

16  For  (many)  dogs  are  come  about  me  :  and  the 
council  of  the  wicked  layeth  siege  against  me. 

17  They  pierced  my  hands  and  my  feet;  I  may 
tell  all  my  bones  :  they  stand  staring  and  looking 
upon  me. 

18  They  part  my  garments  among  them  :  and  cast 
lots  upon  my  vesture. 

19  But  be  not  thou  far  from  me,  O  Lord  :  thou  art 
my  succour,  haste  thee  to  help  me, 

20  Deliver  my  soul  from  the  sword  :  my  darling 
from  the  power  of  the  dog. 

21  Save  me  from  the  lion's  mouth  :  thou  hast 
heard  me  also  from  among  the  horns  of  the  unicorns. 


22  I  will  declare  thy  Name  unto  my  brethren  :  in 
the  midst  of  the  congregation  will  I  praise  thee. 


^  Read  probably,  transposing  t'w^o  letters,  My  palate ;  cf. 
Lam,  iv.  4. 

^  So  Sept.,  Vulg.,  S3'r.     The  Heb.  text  has  like  a  lion. 

'  Poet,  for  my  life  ;  cf.  xxxv.  17.  It  is  the  word  used  of  an 
only  daughter,  Judg.  xi,  34. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXII  57 

10  Upon  thee  have  I  been  cast  from  the  womb : 

thou  art  my  God  from  my  mother's  belly. 

1 1  Be  not  far  from  me  ;  for  trouble  is  near ; 

for  there  is  none  to  help. 

12  Many  bulls  surround  me  : 

strong  ones  of  Bashan  close  me  in  on  every  side. 

13  They  open  their  mouth  against  me, 

(as)  a  ravening  and  a  roaring  lion. 

14  I  am  poured  out  like  water, 

and  all  my  bones  are  parted  asunder : 

my  heart  is  become  like  wax  ; 

it  is  melted  in  the  midst  of  my  bowels. 

15  My  strength  '  is  dried  up  like  a  potsherd  ; 

and  my  tongue  cleaveth  to  my  gums  ; 

and  thou  art  laying  me  in  the  dust  of  death. 

16  For  dogs  surround  me  : 

a  company  of  evil  doers  encircle  me ; 

they  have  digged  into  "^  my  hands  and  my  feet. 

1 7  I  can  count  all  my  bones  : 

they  look  (and;  gaze  upon  me. 

18  They  part  my  garments  among  them, 

and  upon  my  vesture  do  they  cast  lots. 

19  But  thou,  Jehovah,  be  not  thou  far  off; 

O  my  succour,  haste  thee  to  help  me. 

20  Deliver  my  soul  from  the  sword, 

my  only  one  ^  from  the  power*  of  the  dog. 

21  Save  me  from  the  lion's  mouth, 

and  from  the  horns  of  the  wild-oxen  ^ — thou  hast 
answered  me " ! 

22  I  will  tell  of  thy  name  unto  my  brethren ; 

in  the  midst  of  the  congregation  will  I  praise 
thee  : 

*  Heb.  hand. 

'  See  Job  xxxix.  9-12.     A  fierce,  untameable  animal,  now 
extinct. 

*  The  Psalmist,  by  a  sudden  impulse  of  faith,  pictures  his 
deliverance  as  accomplished. 


58  THE   PSALMS  [day  4 

23  O  praise  the  Lord,  ye  that  fear  him  :  magnify 
him,  all  ye  of  the  seed  of  Jacob,  and  fear  him,  all  ye 
seed  of  Israel ; 

24  For  he  hath  not  despised,  nor  abhorred,  the 
low  estate  of  the  poor  :  he  hath  not  hid  his  face  from 
him,  but  when  he  called  unto  him  he  heard  him. 

25  My  praise  is  of  thee  in  the  great  congregation  : 
my  vows  will  I  perform  in  the  sight  of  them  that  fear 
him. 

26  The  poor  shall  eat,  and  be  satisfied  :  they  that 
seek  after  the  Lord  shall  praise  him ;  your  heart  shall 
live  for  ever. 

2  7  All  the  ends  of  the  world  shall  remember  them- 
selves, and  be  turned  unto  the  Lord  :  and  all  the 
kindreds  of  the  nations  shall  worship  before  him. 

28  For  the  kingdom  is  the  Lord's  :  and  he  is  the 
Governor  among  the  people. 

29  All  such  as  be  fat  upon  earth  :  have  eaten,  and 
worshipped. 

30  AH  they  that  go  down  into  the  dust  shall  kneel 
before  him  :  and  no  man  hath  quickened  his  own 
soul. 

31  (My)  seed  shall  serve  him  :  they  shall  be  counted 
unto  the  Lord  for  a  generation. 

32  They  shall  come,  and  (the  heavens)  shall  declare 
his  righteousness  :  unto  a  people  that  shall  be  born, 
whom  the  Lord  hath  made. 


'  Or,  of  the  poor.     See  Glossary  I. 

"^  t.  e.  Thou,  by  delivering  me,  givest  me  occasion  to  praise 
Thee. 

^  Or,  levive  ;  cf.  Gen.  xlv.  27, 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXII  59 

23  '  Ye  that  fear  Jehovah,  praise  him  ; 

'  all  ye  the  seed  of  Jacob,  glorify  him  ; 
'and  stand  in  awe  of  him,  all  ye  the  seed  of 
Israel. 

24  '  For   he   hath   not   despised,  nor   abhorred,  the 

affliction  of  the  afflicted  ^ ; 
'neither  hath  he  hid  his  face  from  him ; 
*  but  when  he  cried  unto  him,  he  heard.' 

25  From  thee  (cometh)  my  praise  ^  in  the  great  con- 

gregation ; 
my  vows  will  I  pay  in  the  sight  of  them  that 
fear  him. 

26  The  humble  shall  eat,  and  be  satisfied  ; 

they  shall  praise  Jehovah  that  seek  after  him : 
may  your  heart  live  ^  for  ever  ! 

27  All  the  ends  of  the  earth  shall  remember,   and 

return  unto  Jehovah ; 
and  all  the  families  *  of  the  nations  shall  worship 
before  thee. 

28  For  the  kingdom  is  Jehovah's  ; 

and  he  is  ruler  over  the  nations. 

29  All  the  fat  ones  of  the  earth  ®  have  eaten  ^  and 

worshipped  ; 
all  they  that  go  down  into  the  dust  shall  bow 

before  him, 
and  he  that  hath  not  kept  his  soul  ahve. 

30  A  seed  shall  serve  him  ; 

it  shall  be  told  of  the   Lord  unto  the  (next) 
generation : 

31  They  shall  come  and  shall  declare  his  righteous- 

ness 
unto  a  people  that  shall  be  born,  that  he  hath 
done  (it;. 


*  Cf.  Gen.  xii.  7,  xxviii.  14, 

^  i.  e.  those  in  the  full  enjoyment  of  health  and  prosperity ; 
cf.  Deut.  xxxi.  20,  Ps.  xcii.  14,  Prov.  xxviii.  25. 

''  Vis,  in  a  saciificial  feast  (Ex.  xviii.  is,  Num.  xxv.  3). 


6o  THE   PSALMS  [day  5 


Psalm  XXIII.     Dominus  regit  me. 

1  The  Lord  is  my  shepherd  :  therefore  can  I  lack 
nothing. 

2  He  shall  feed  me  in  a  green  pasture  :  and  lead 
me  forth  beside  the  waters  of  comfort. 

3  He  shall  convert  my  soul  :  and  bring  me  forth  in 
the  paths  of  righteousness,  for  his  Name's  sake. 

4  Yea,  though  I  walk  through  the  valley  of  the 
shadow  of  death,  I  will  fear  no  evil  :  for  thou  art  with 
me ;  thy  rod  and  thy  staff  comfort  me. 

5  Thou  shalt  prepare  a  table  before  me  against 
them  that  trouble  me  :  thou  hast  anointed  my  head 
with  oil,  and  my  cup  shall  be  full. 

6  But  (thy)  loving-kindness  and  mercy  shall  follow 
me  all  the  days  of  my  life  :  and  I  will  dwell  in  the 
house  of  the  Lord  for  ever. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XXIV.     Domini  est  terra. 

1  The  earth  is  the  Lord's,  and  all  that  therein  is  : 
t"he  compass  of  the  world,  and  they  that  dwell  therein. 

2  For  he  hath  founded  it  upon  the  seas   :  and 
prepared  it  upon  the  floods. 

3  Who  shall  ascend  into  the  hill  of  the  Lord  :  or 
who  shall  rise  up  in  his  holy  place  ?  . 

'  Lit.  of  resting-places. 

*  i.e.  renews  and  sustains  my  life.     See  the  note  on  xix.  7. 

^  The  nail-knobbed  club,  for  purposes  of  defence,  and  the 
staff  with  a  bent  handle,  for  help  in  walking,  still  used  by 
shepherds  in  the  East. 


BOOK  l]  PSALMS   XX III,    XXIV  6l 


Psalm  XXIIL 

1  Jehovah  is  my  shepherd ;  I  shall  not  want. 

2  He  niaketh  me  to  he  down  in  pastures  of  young 

grass  ; 
to  waters  of  repose '  he  gently  guideth  me. 

3  He  refresheth  my  soul  ^ : 

he  leadeth  me  in  just   tracks  for  his  name's 
sake. 

4  Yea,   though    I   walked   in   a   ravine   of  deathly 

gloom,  I  would  fear  no  evil ; 
for  thou  art  with  me  : 
thy  club  and  thy  staffs,  they  comfort  me. 

5  Thou  layest  out  a  table  before  me  in  the  sight  of 

mine  adversaries  : 
thou  hast  made  my  head  fat  with  oil ;  my  cup 
runneth  over  *. 

6  Surely^  goodness  and  kindness  shall  pursue  me  all 

the  days  of  my  life  ; 
and  my  dwelling  (shall  be)''  in  the  house  of 
Jehovah  for  length  of  days. 


Psalm  XXIV. 

1  The  earth  is  Jehovah's,  and  the  fulness  thereof; 

the  world,  and  they  that  dwell  therein. 

2  For  he  hath  founded  it  upon  the  seas, 

and  he  maketh  it  fast  upon  the  streams. 

3  Who  shall  ascend  into  the  mountain  of  Jehovah  ? 

or  who  shall  stand  in  his  holy  place  ? 

*  Heb.  is  saturation.  '  Or,  Only. 

^  So  Sept.,  Symm.  (pronouncing  one  vowel  differently)  ; 
and  I  ivill  divell,  Jer.  (one  letter  added).  The  Heb.  text,  as 
pointed,  has,  a}id  I  will  return  {into). 


62  THE  PSALMS  [day  5 

4  Even  he  that  hath  clean  hands,  and  a  pure  heart : 
and  that  hath  not  Hft  up  his  mind  unto  vanity,  nor 

sworn  to  deceive  (his  neighbour). 

5  He  shall  receive  the  blessing  from  the  Lord  : 
and  righteousness  from  the  God  of  his  salvation. 

6  This  is  the  generation  of  them  that  seek  him  : 
even  of  them  that  seek  thy  face,  O  Jacob. 

7  Lift  up  your  heads,  O  ye  gates,  and  be  ye  lift  up, 
ye  everlasting  doors  :  and  the  King  of  glory  shall 
come  in. 

8  Who  is  the  King  of  glory  :  it  is  the  Lord  strong 
and  mighty,  even  the  Lord  mighty  in  battle. 

9  Lift  up  your  heads,  O  ye  gates,  and  be  ye  lift  up, 
ye  everlasting  doors  :  and  the  King  of  glory  shall 
come  in. 

10  Who  is  the  King  of  glory  :  even  the  Lord  of 
hosts,  he  is  the  King  of  glory. 


Psalm  XXV.     Ad  fe,  Domine,  levavi. 

1  Unto  thee,  O  Lord,  will  I  lift  up  my  soul;  my 
God,  I  have  put  my  trust  in  thee  :  O  let  me  not 
be  confounded,  neither  let  mine  enemies  triumph 
over  me. 

2  For  all  they  that  hope  in  thee  shall  not  be 
ashamed  :  but  such  as  transgress  without  a  cause 
shall  be  put  to  confusion. 

3  Shew  me  thy  ways,  O  Lord  :  and  teach  me  thy 
paths. 

4  Lead  me  forth  'in  thy  truth,  and  learn  me  :  for 


^  i.  e.  directed  his  desires.     See  Glossary  I,  under  '  soul.' 
*  i.  e.  to  what  is  either  frivolous  or  insincere  :  of.  xii.  2. 
^  So  the  Syr.  and  most  moderns.    The  Heb.  text  has,  {even) 
Jacob  (or,  O  Jacob).  *  Or,  everlasting. 

^  The  word  used  suggests  the  idea  of  a  warrior  ;  cf,  xix.  5, 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXV  63 


4  He  that  hath  clean  hands,  and  a  pure  heart ; 

who  hath  not  lifted  up  his  soul  *  unto  unreality^, 
and  hath  not  sworn  deceitfully. 

5  He  shall  receive  a  blessing  from  Jehovah, 

and  righteousness  from  the  God  of  his  salvation. 

6  Such  is  the  generation  of  them  that  seek  after  him, 

that  seek  thy  face,  O  God  of  Jacob  \ 

7  Lift  up  your  heads,  O  ye  gates, 

and  be  ye  lift  up,  ye  ancient  *  doors ; 
and  the  King  of  glory  shall  come  in. 

8  '  Who  is  the  King  of  glory  ?  ' 

*  Jehovah  strong  and  mighty  ^" 
'Jehovah  mighty  in  battle.' 

9  Lift  up  your  heads,  O  ye  gates, 

yea,  lift  them  up,  ye  ancient  *  doors ; 
and  the  King  of  glory  shall  come  in, 
10  'Who  is  the  King  of  glory?  ' 
'  Jehovah  of  hosts, 

*  he  is  the  King  of  glory.' 

Psalm  XXV ». 

1  (x)  Unto  thee,  Jehovah,  do  I  lift  up  my  soul  ^. 

2  My  God,  (3)  in  thee  have  I  trusted, 

let  me  not  be  ashamed  ; 

let  not  mine  enemies  exult  over  me. 

3  (3)  Yea,  none  that  wait  for  thee  shall  be  ashamed  : 

they  shall  be  ashamed  that  are  faithless  (towards 
thee)  without  cause. 

4  (n)  Make  me  to  know  thy  ways,  Jehovah  ; 

teach  me  thy  paths. 

5  (n)  Make  me  to  tread  in  thy  truth,  and  teach  me ; 


and  Is.  xlii.  13. 

^  The  Psalm  is  an  alphabetical  one,  except  that  (as  the  text 
now  stands)  the  Vau  verse  (after  v.  5)  is  missing,  and  there 
is  an  irregularity  in  vv.  2,  18.  The  last  verse  is  a  super- 
numerary one.  '  i.  e.  direct  my  desires. 


64  THE   PSALMS  [daY  5 

thou  art  the  God  of  my  salvation ;  in  thee  hath  been 
my  hope  all  the  day  long. 

5  Call  to  remembrance,  O  Lord,  thy  tender  mercies  : 
and  thy  loving-kindnesses,  which  have  been  ever  of 
oJd. 

6  O  remember  not  the  sins  and  offences  of  my 
youth  :  but  according  to  thy  mercy  think  thou  upon 
me,  O  Lord,  for  thy  goodness. 

7  Gracious  and  righteous  is  the  Lord  :  therefore 
will  he  teach  sinners  in  the  way. 

8  Them  that  are  meek  shall  be  guide  in  judge- 
ment :  and  such  as  are  gentle,  them  shall  he  learn 
his  way. 

9  All  the  paths  of  the  Lord  are  mercy  and  truth  : 
unto  such  as  keep  his  covenant,  and  his  testimonies. 

10  For  thy  Name's  sake,  O  Lord  :  be  merciful  unto 
my  sin,  for  it  is  great. 

11  What  man  is  he,  that  feareth  the  Lord  :  him 
shall  he  teach  in  the  way  that  he  shall  choose. 

12  His  soul  shall  dwell  at  ease  :  and  his  seed  shall 
inherit  the  land. 

13  The  secret  of  the  Lord  is  among  them  that  fear 
him  :  and  he  will  shew  them  his  covenant. 

14  Mine  eyes  are  ever  looking  unto  the  Lord  :  for 
he  shall  pluck  my  feet  out  of  the  net. 

15  Turn  thee  unto  me,  and  have  mercy  upon  me  : 
for  I  am  desolate,  and  in  misery. 

16  The  sorrows  ©f  my  heart  are  enlarged  :  O  bring 
thou  me  out  of  my  troubles. 

17  Look  upon  my  adversity  and  misery  :  and  for- 
give me  all  my  sin. 

*  Or,  conf.dence:    properly  friendly  or  confidential  converse 
(Iv.  14). 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXV  65 


for  thou  art  the  God  of  my  salvation ; 
for  thee  do  I  wait  all  the  day. 

6  (r)  Remember  thy  compassions,  Jehovah,  and  thy 

kindnesses ; 
for  they  have  been  from  of  old. 

7  (n)  Remember  not  the  sins  of  my  youth,  and  my 

transgressions ; 
according  to  thy  kindness  remember  thou  me, 
for  thy  goodness'  sake,  Jehovah, 

8  ip)  Good  and  upright  is  Jehovah  : 

therefore  doth  he  instruct  sinners  in  the  way. 

9  ('•)  The  humble  he  maketh  to  tread  in  judgement ; 

and  he  teacheth  the  humble  his  way. 

10  (a)  All  the  paths  of  Jehovah  are  kindness   and 

truth 
unto  such  as  keep  his  covenant  and  his  testi- 
monies. 

1 1  (7)  For  thy  name's  sake,  Jehovah, 

pardon  mine  iniquity,  for  it  is  great. 

12  (d)  Who  is  the  man  that  feareth  Jehovah  ? 

him  will  he  instruct  in  the  way  that  he  should 
choose : 

13  (j)  His  soul  shall  abide  in  prosperity; 

and  his  seed  shall  inherit  the  land. 

14  (d)  Jehovah's  friendship'  is  for  them  that  fear  him; 

and  he  will  make  them  to  know  his  covenant. 

15  (y)  Mine  eyes  are  continually  toward  Jehovah  ; 

for  he  will  bring  forth  my  feet  out  of  the  net. 

16  (d)  Turn  thee  towards  me,  and  be  gracious  unto 

me; 
for  I  am  solitary  and  afflicted. 

1 7  (S)  The  troubles  of  my  heart  are  relieved  : 

O  bring  me  ^  out  of  my  distresses. 

18  (l)  See  my  affliction  and  my  travail ; 

and  forgive  all  my  sins. 


^  Read,  dividing  two  words  differently,  O  relieve  the  troubles 
(lit.  broaden  the  straits  ;  cf.  iv.  x)  of  my  heart,  and  bring  me. 

F 


66  THE   PSALMS  [daY  5 

18  Consider  mine  enemies,  how  many  they  are  : 
and  they  bear  a  tyrannous  hate  against  me. 

19  O  keep  my  soul,  and  dehver  me  :  let  me  not  be 
confounded,  for  I  have  put  my  trust  in  thee. 

20  Let  perfectness  and  righteous  dealing  wait  upon 
me  :  for  my  hope  hath  been  in  thee. 

21  Deliver  Israel,  O  God  :  out  of  all  his  troubles. 


Psalm  XXVI.    Judica  me,  Domine. 

1  Be  thou  my  Judge,  O  Lord,  for  I  have  walked 
innocently  :  my  trust  hath  been  also  in  the  Lord, 
therefore  shall  I  not  fall. 

2  Examine  me,  O  Lord,  and  prove  me  :  try  out  my 
reins  and  my  heart. 

3  For  thy  loving-kindness  is  ever  before  mine 
eyes  :  and  I  will  walk  in  thy  truth. 

4  I  have  not  dwelt  with  vain  persons  :  neither  will 
I  have  fellowship  with  the  deceitful. 

5  I  have  hated  the  congregation  of  the  wicked  : 
and  will  not  sit  among  the  ungodly. 

6  I  will  wash  my  hands  in  innocency,  O  Lord  :  and 
so  will  I  go  to  thine  altar; 

7  That  I  may  shew  the  voice  of  thanksgiving  :  and 
tell  of  all  thy  wondrous  works. 

8  Lord,  I  have  loved  the  habitation  of  thy  house  : 
and  the  place  where  thine  honour  dwelleth. 

9  O  shut  not  up  my  soul  with  the  sinners  :  nor  my 
life  with  the  blood-thirsty  ; 

10  In  whose  hands  is  wickedness  :  and  their  right 
hand  is  full  of  gifts. 


^  Lit.  tottering  ;  cf.  Ps.  xxxvii.  31. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXVI  67 

19  (1)  See  how  many  mine  enemies  are; 

and  they  hate  me  with  a  hatred  of  violence. 

20  {^)  O  keep  my  soul,  and  deliver  me  : 

let  me  not  be  ashamed,  for  I  have  taken  refuge 
in  thee. 

21  (n)  Let  perfectness  and  uprightness  preserve  me, 

because  I  wait  for  thee. 

22  Ransom  Israel,  O  God, 

out  of  all  his  troubles. 

Psalm  XXVI. 

1  Judge   me,  Jehovah,  for  /  have  walked   in   my 

perfectness, 
and  in  Jehovah  have  I  trusted  without  waver- 
ing'. 

2  Try  me,  Jehovah,  and  prove  me ; 

test  my  reins  and  my  heart. 

3  For  thy  kindness  is  before  mine  eyes, 

and  I  have  walked  in  thy  truth. 

4  I  have  not  sat  with  insincere  persons  ^, 

neither  will  I  go  in  with  dissemblers. 

5  I  hate  the  assembly  of  evil  doers, 

and  will  not  sit  with  the  wicked. 

6  I  will  wash  my  hands  in  innocency, 

and  go  round  thine  altar,  Jehovah  : 

7  That  I  may  make  the  voice  of  thanksgiving  to  be 

heard, 
and  tell  of  all  thy  wondrous  works. 

8  Jehovah,  I  love  the  habitation  of  thy  house, 

and  the  place  where  thy  glory  dwelleth. 

9  O  gather  not  ^  my  soul  with  sinners, 

nor  my  life  with  men  of  blood  : 
10  In  whose  hands  are  wicked  devices*, 
and  their  right  hand  is  full  of  bribes. 


s 


Ot,  frivolous  persons  :  lit.  men  of  tmreality. 

Or,  take  not  aivay  (Is.  Ivii.  i).  *  Is,  xxxii.  7, 

F  2 


68  THE   PSALMS  [day  5 

1 1  But  as  for  me,  I  will  walk  innocently  :  O  deliver 
me,  and  be  merciful  unto  me. 

12  My  foot  standeth  right  :  I  will  praise  the  Lord 
in  the  congregations. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XXVII.     Dominus  illuminatio. 

1  The  Lord  is  my  light,  and  my  salvation ;  whom 
then  shall  I  fear  :  the  Lord  is  the  strength  of  my  life ; 
of  whom  then  shall  I  be  afraid  ? 

2  When  the  wicked,  even  mine  enemies,  and  my 
foes,  came  upon  me  to  eat  up  my  flesh  :  they  stumbled 
and  fell. 

3  Though  an  host  of  men  were  laid  against  me,  yet 
shall  not  my  heart  be  afraid  :  and  though  there  rose 
up  war  against  me,  yet  will  I  put  my  trust  in  him. 

4  One  thing  have  I  desired  of  the  Lord,  which 
I  will  require  :  even  that  I  may  dwell  in  the  house  of 
the  Lord  all  the  days  of  my  life,  to  behold  the  fair 
beauty  of  the  Lord,  and  to  visit  his  temple. 


5  For  in  the  time  of  trouble  he  shall  hide  me  in 
his  tabernacle  :  yea,  in  the  secret  place  of  his  dwelling 
shall  he  hide  me,  and  set  me  up  upon  a  rock  of 
stone. 

6  And  now  shall  he  lift  up  mine  head  :  above  mine 
enemies  round  about  me. 

*  «'.  e.  by  Hebrew  idiom,  'shall,  as  I  know,  stand.' 

^  i.e.  upon  an  open  plain, — such  as  the  Moabite  table-land 
(Deut.  iii.  10), — where  it  can  move  freely  and  securely. 
^  Or,  pleasantness,  i.e.  gracious  kindliness  ;  cf.  xc.  17. 

*  The  word  used  suggests  '  concealeth  as  a  treasure ' ;  cf. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXVII  69 

1 1  But  as  for  me,  I  will  walk  in  my  perfectness : 

O  ransom  me,  and  be  gracious  unto  me. 

1 2  My  foot  standeth  ^  upon  even  ground  ^ ; 

in  full  assemblies  will  I  bless  Jehovah. 


Psalm  XXVII. 

1  Jehovah  is  my  light   and  my   salvation ;    whom 

shall  I  fear  ? 
Jehovah  is  the  stronghold  of  my  life ;  of  whom 
shall  I  be  afraid  ? 

2  When  evil  doers  came  near  against  me  to  eat  up 

my  flesh, 
my  adversaries  and  my  enemies,  even  mine,  they 
stumbled  and  fell. 

3  Though  an  host  should  encamp  against  me, 

my  heart  would  not  fear  : 

though  war  should  rise  up  against  me, 

even  then  would  I  trust. 

4  One   thing   have  I  asked   of  Jehovah,  that  will 

I  seek  after ; 
that  I  may  dwell  in  the  house  of  Jehovah  all 

the  days  of  my  life, 
to  gaze  upon  the  sweetness  ^  of  Jehovah,  and  to 

inquire  in  his  temple. 

5  For  he  concealeth  *  me  in  his  covert  ^  in  the  day 

of  evil " : 
he  hideth  me  in  the  hiding-place  of  his  tent ; 
he  lifteth  me  up  upon  a  rock. 

6  And  now  shall  mine  head  be  lifted  up  above  mine 

enemies  round  about  me ; 

Ixxxiii.  3. 

°  Lit.  thicket.  Or  (with  the  change  of  a  vowel-point),  in  a 
booth  (secure,  vis.,  against  extremes  of  weather  :  see  Is.  iv.  6 
('  pavilion  '),  Jonah  iv.  5;  and  cf.  Ps.  xxxi.  20). 

*  Jen  xvii.  17. 


70  THE   PSALMS  [day  5 

7  Therefore  will  I  offer  in  his  dvveUing  an  oblation 
with  great  gladness  :  I  will  sing,  and  speak  praises 
unto  the  Lord. 

8  Hearken  unto  my  voice,  O  Lord,  when  I  cry  unto 
thee  :  have  mercy  upon  me,  and  hear  me. 

9  My  heart  hath  talked  of  thee,  Seek  ye  my  face  : 
Thy  face,  Lord,  will  I  seek. 

10  O  hide  not  thou  thy  face  from  me  :  nor  cast 
thy  servant  away  in  displeasure. 

11  Thou  hast  been  my  succour  :  leave  me  not, 
neither  forsake  me,  O  God  of  my  salvation. 

12  When  my  father  and  my  mother  forsake  me  : 
the  Lord  taketh  me  up. 

13  Teach  me  thy  way,  O  Lord  :  and  lead  me  in  the 
right  way,  because  of  mine  enemies. 

14  Deliver  me  not  over  into  the  will  of  mine 
adversaries  :  for  there  are  false  witnesses  risen  up 
against  me,  and  such  as  speak  wrong. 

15  I  should  utterly  have  fainted  :  but  that  I  believe 
verily  to  see  the  goodness  of  the  Lord  in  the  land  of 
the  living. 

16  O  tarry  thou  the  Lord's  leisure  :  be  strong,  and 
he  shall  comfort  thine  heart ;  and  put  thou  thy  trust 
in  the  Lord. 

Psalm  XXVIIL     Ad  ie,  Domine. 

I  Unto  thee  will  I  cry,'0  Lord  my  strength  :  think 
no  scorn  of  me ;  lest,  if  thou  make  as  though  thou 
hearest  not,  I  become  like  them  that  go  down  into 
the  pit. 

1  Cf.  Judg.  xix.  15. 

^  Where  I  cannot  stumble  ;  cf.  v.  8,  and  xxvi.  12. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XXVIII  71 

and  I  will   sacrifice   in   his   tent   sacrifices   of 

shouting ; 
I  will  sing  and  make  melody  unto  Jehovah. 

7  Hear,  Jehovah,  when  I  call  with  my  voice, 

and  be  gracious  unto  me,  and  answer  me. 

8  My  heart   hath  said   unto  thee,  '  (Thou  saidst), 

"Seek  ye  my  face;" 
'  thy  face,  Jehovah,  will  I  seek.' 

9  Hide  not  thy  face  from  me  ; 

turn  not  thy  servant  aside  in  anger : 
thou  hast  been  my  help  ; 

abandon  me  not,  neither  forsake  me,  O  God  of 
my  salvation. 
10  For  my  father  and  my  mother  have  forsaken  me, 
but  Jehovah  will  take  me  in  \ 

X I  Instruct  me,  Jehovah,  in  thy  way ; 
and  lead  me  in  an  even  path  "^^ 
because  of  my  watchful  foes. 

12  Give   me   not    over   unto    the   greed*   of    mine 

adversaries  : 
for  false  witnesses  are  risen  up  against  me,  and 
such  as  breathe  out  violence*. 

13  If  I  had  not  believed  to  look  upon  the  goodness 

of  Jehovah 
in  the  land  of  the  living  ! 

14  Wait  for  Jehovah  : 

be  strong,  and  let  thine  heart  take  courage ; 
yea,  wait  for  Jehovah. 

Psalm  XXVIII. 

I  Unto  thee,  Jehovah,  do  I  call ; 

my  rock,  keep  not  silence  from  me : 

lest,  if  thou  be  silent  from  me, 

I  become  like  them  that  go  down  into  the  pit. 

3  Heb.  the  soul :   cf.  xli.  2  ;  and  see  Glossary  I. 
*  Cf.  Prov.  vi.  19  (R.V.  matg.). 


72  THE   PSALMS  [daY  5 

2  Hear  the  voice  of  my  humble  petitions,  when 
I  cry  unto  thee  :  when  I  hold  up  my  hands  towards 
the  mercy-seat  of  thy  holy  temple. 


3  O  pluck  me  not  away,  (neither  destroy  me)  with  the 
ungodly  and  wicked  doers  :  which  speak  friendly  to 
their  neighbours,  but  imagine  mischief  in  their  hearts. 

4  Reward  them  according  to  their  deeds  :  and 
according  to  the  wickedness  of  their  own  inven- 
tions. 

5  Recompense  them  after  the  work  of  their  hands  : 
pay  them  that  they  have  deserved. 

6  For  they  regard  not  in  their  mind  the  works  of 
the  Lord,  nor  the  operation  of  his  hands  :  therefore 
shall  he  break  them  down,  and  not  build  them  up. 


7  Praised  be  the  Lord  :  for  he  hath  heard  the  voice 
of  my  humble  petitions. 

8  The  Lord  is  my  strength,  and  my  shield ;  my 
heart  hath  trusted  in  him,  and  I  am  helped  :  therefore 
my  heart  danceth  for  joy,  and  in  my  song  will  I  praise 
him. 

9  The  Lord  is  my  strength  :  and  he  is  the  whole- 
some defence  of  his  Anointed. 

10  O  save  thy  people,  and  give  thy  blessing  unto 
thine  inheritance  :  feed  them,  and  set  them  up  for 
ever. 


*  Lit.  hindmost  part  (viz.  of  the  Temple),  i.e.  the  Holy  of 
holies  (i  Kings  vi.  19-21,  viii.  6.  The  rendering  'oracle' 
depends  upon  an  incorrect  etymology). 

*  Cf.  Ez.  xxxii.  20.  ^  Cf.  Jen  xxiv.  6,  xlii.  10. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXVIII  73 

2  Hear  the  voice  of  my  supplications,  when  I  cry 

unto  thee  for  help, 
when    I   lift   up  my   hands   towards   thy   holy 
chancel '. 

3  O  draw  me  not  away "  with  the  wicked, 

and  with  them  that  work  naughtiness, 
which  speak  peace  with  their  neighbours, 
but  evil  is  in  their  hearts. 

4  Give  them  according  to  their  work,  and  according 

to  the  evil  of  their  deeds  : 
give  them  according  to  the  operation  of  their 

hands ; 
recompense  their  dealings  unto  them. 

5  Because  they  have  no  discernment  for  the  works 

of  Jehovah, 
nor  for  the  operation  of  his  hands, 
he  will  pull  them  down,  and  not  build  them 

up°. 

6  Blessed  be  Jehovah  : 

for  he  hath  heard  the  voice  of  my  supplications. 

7  Jehovah  is  my  strength  and  my  shield, 

in  him  hath  my  heart  trusted,  and  I  was  helped; 

and  my  heart  exulteth, 

and  with  my  song  will  I  thank  him. 

8  Jehovah  is  a  strength  unto  them  ^ ; 

and  he  is  the  stronghold  of  salvation  ®  of  his 
anointed, 

9  O  save  thy  people,  and  bless  thine  inheritance ; 

and  shepherd  them  and  carry  them  "  for  ever. 


*  Read  probably,  with  Sept.,  Syr.  (adding  one  letter),  unto 
his  people. 

*  Heb.  salvniiotts  (intensive  plural). 
«  Cf.  Is.  Ixiii.  9. 


74  THE  PSALMS  [daY  5 


Psalm  XXIX.     Afferte  Domino. 

1  Bring  unto  the  Lord,  O  ye  mighty,  (bring  young 
rams  unto  the  Lord  :)  ascribe  unto  the  Lord  worship  and 
strength. 

2  Give  the  Lord  the  honour  due  unto  his  Name  : 
worship  the  Lord  with  holy  worship. 

3  It  is  the  Lord,  that  commandeth  the  waters  :  it  is 
the  glorious  God,  that  maketh  the  thunder. 

4  It  is  the  Lord,  that  ruleth  the  sea;  the  voice  of 
the  Lord  is  mighty  in  operation  :  the  voice  of  the 
Lord  is  a  glorious  voice. 

5  The  voice  of  the  Lord  breaketh  the  cedar-trees  : 
yea,  the  Lord  breaketh  the  cedars  of  Libanus. 

6  He  maketh  them  also  to  skip  like  a  calf :  Libanus 
also,  and  Sirion,  like  a  young  unicorn. 

7  The  voice  of  the  Lord  divideth  the  flames  of 
fire ;  the  voice  of  the  Lord  shaketh  the  wilderness  : 
yea,  the  Lord  shaketh  the  wilderness  of  Cades. 


8  The  voice  of  the  Lord  maketh  the  hinds  to  bring 
forth  young,  and  discovereth  the  thick  bushes  :  in  his 
temple  doth  every  man  speak  of  his  honour. 


9  The  Lord  sitteth  above  the  water-flood  :  and  the 
Lord  remaineth  a  King  for  ever. 

10  The  Lord  shall  give  strength  unto  his  people  : 
the  Lord  shall  give  his  people  the  blessing  of  peace. 

'  i.e.   divine   beings,    angels:    cf.  Ps.   Ixxxix.   6   (the   same 
expression  as  here) ;  and  Job  i.  6,  ii.  i.     For  '  gods,'  cf.  Ex. 

XV.   II. 

*  I.e.  the  thunder,  which  is  often  called  'voices'  in  Hebrew, 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXIX  75 


Psalm  XXIX. 

1  Ascribe  unto  Jehovah,  O  ye  sons  of  gods  ^ 

ascribe  unto  Jehovah  glory  and  strength. 

2  Ascribe  unto  Jehovah  the  glory  of  his  name  ; 

O  worship  Jehovah  in  holy  adornment. 

3  The  voice  of  Jehovah  ^  is  upon  the  waters  ^ : 

the  God  of  glory  thundereth  ; 
Jehovah  is  upon  many  waters. 

4  The  voice  of  Jehovah  is  with  power ; 

the  voice  of  Jehovah  is  with  majesty. 

5  The  voice  of  Jehovah  breaketh  the  cedars  ; 

yea,  Jehovah  breaketh  in  pieces  the  cedars  of 
Lebanon. 

6  He  maketh  them  also  to  skip  like  a  calf, 

Lebanon  and  Sirion  *  like  a  young  wild-ox. 

7  The  voice  of  Jehovah 

heweth  out  flames  of  fire. 

8  The  voice  of  Jehovah  bringeth  pangs  upon  the 

wilderness ; 
Jehovah  bringeth  pangs  upon  the  wilderness  of 
Kadesh. 

9  The  voice  of  Jehovah  maketh  the  hinds  to  be  in 

travail-pangs, 
and  strippeth  the  forests  bare  : 
and  in  his  palace  all  are  saying,  '  Glory.' 

10  Jehovah  sat  (enthroned)  at  the  Flood  ; 

and  Jehovah  sitteth  King  for  ever. 

11  Jehovah  will  give  strength  unto  his  people ; 

Jehovah  will  bless  his  people  with  peace. 

as  Ex.  ix.  23,  28,  29,  I  Sam.  xii.  17,  18.     The  Psalm  describes 
the  majesty  of  Jehovah  as  seen  in  a  thunderstorm. 

'  i.e.  the  waters  collected  in  the  storm-clouds  (xviii.  11). 

*  The  Sidonian  name  of  Hermon.     See  Deut.  iii.  9. 


76  THE   PSALMS  [daY  6 

MORNING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XXX.     Exaltabo  te,  Domine. 

1  I  will  magnify  thee,  O  Lord,  for  thou  hast  set  me 
up  :  and  not  made  my  foes  to  triumph  over  me. 

2  O  Lord  my  God,  I  cried  unto  thee  :  and  thou 
hast  healed  me. 

3  Thou,  Lord,  hast  brought  my  soul  out  of  hell  : 
thou  hast  kept  my  life  from  them  that  go  down  to 
the  pit. 

4  Sing  praises  unto  the  Lord,  O  ye  saints  of  his  : 
and  give  thanks  unto  him  for  a  remembrance  of  his 
holiness. 

5  For  his  wrath  endureth  but  the  twinkling  of  an 
eye,  and  in  his  pleasure  is  life  :  heaviness  may  endure 
for  a  night,  but  joy  cometlT  in  the  morning. 

6  And  in  my  prosperity  I  said,  I  shall  never  be 
removed  :  thou.  Lord,  of  thy  goodness  hast  made  my 
hill  so  strong. 

7  Thou  didst  turn  thy  face  (from  me)  :  and  I  was 
troubled. 

8  Then  cried  I  unto  thee,  O  Lord  :  and  gat  me  to 
my  Lord  right  humbly. 

9  What  profit  is  there  in  my  blood  :  when  I  go 
down  to  the  pit  ? 

10  Shall  the  dust  give  thanks  unto  thee  :  or  shall 
it  declare  thy  truth  ? 

1 1  Hear,  0  Lord,  and  have  mercy  upon  me  :  Lord, 
be  thou  my  helper. 

12  Thou  hast  turned  my  heaviness  into  joy  :  thou 

»  So  Heb.  text,  Sept.,  Theod.,  Vulg.,  Syr.  Heb.  marg.,  Aq., 
Symm..  Jen,  Targ.  have,  that  I  should  not  go  down  to  the  pit. 


BOOK  I]  PSALM  XXX  77 


Psalm  XXX. 

1  I  will  exalt  thee,  Jehovah,  for  thou  hast  drawn 

me  up, 
and  not  made  mine  enemies  to  rejoice  over  me. 

2  Jehovah,  my  God, 

I  cried  unto  thee,  and  thou  didst  heal  me : 

3  Jehovah,  thou  broughtest  up  my  soul  out  of  Sheol; 

thou  didst  keep  me  alive,  from  them  that  go 
down  to  the  pit'. 

4  Make   melody   unto   Jehovah,    O    ye    his    godly 

ones, 
and  give  thanks  unto  his  holy  memorial  "^ : 

5  For  a  moment  (passeth)  in  his  anger, 

a  life  in  his  favour  ; 

weeping  may  come  in  to  lodge  at  even, 

but  in  the  morning  (there  is;  a  ringing  cry. 

6  But  as  for  me,  I  had  said  in  my  prosperity  ^, 

'  I  shall  never  be  moved.' 

7  Jehovah,   in   thy  favour   thou    hadst   established 

strength  for  iny  mountain  : 
thou  didst  hide  thy  face ;  I  was  dismayed. 

8  Unto  thee,  Jehovah,  did  I  call, 

and  unto  the  Lord  I  made  supplication  : 

9  '  What  profit  is  there  in  my  blood,  in  my  going 

down  to  the  pit  ? 
'  shall  the  dust  give  thanks  unto  thee  ?  shall  it 
declare  thy  truth  ? 

10  '  Hear,  Jehovah,  and  be  gracious  unto  me  ; 

'  Jehovah,  be  thou  my  helper.' 

1 1  Thou  didst  turn  for  me  my  waihng  into  dancing  ; 


^  Poet,  for  '  name ' ;  cf.  Ex.  iii.  15,  Ps.  cxxxv.  13. 
^  Or,  careless  ease ;  cf.  Prov.  i.  32. 


78  THE   PSALMS  [daY  6 


hast  put  off  my  sackcloth,  and  girded  me  with  glad- 
ness. 

13  Therefore  shall  [every  good  man]  sing  of  thy 
praise  without  ceasing  :  O  my  God,  I  will  give  thanks 
unto  thee  for  ever. 


Psalm  XXXI.     In  te,  Domine,  speravi. 

1  In  thee,  O  Lord,  have  I  put  my  trust  :  let  me 
never  be  put  to  confusion,  deliver  me  in  thy  righteous- 
ness. 

2  Bow  down  thine  ear  to  me  :  make  haste  to 
dehver  me. 

3  And  be  thou  my  strong  rock,  and  house  of 
defence  :  that  thou  mayest  save  me. 

4  For  thou  art  my  strong  rock,  and  my  castle  :  be 
thou  also  my  guide,  and  lead  me  for  thy  Name's 
sake. 

5  Draw  me  out  of  the  net,  that  they  have  laid 
privily  for  me  :  for  thou  art  my  strength. 

6  Into  thy  hands  I  commend  my  spirit  :  for  thou 
hast  redeemed  me,  O  Lord,  thou  God  of  truth. 

7  r  have  hated  them  that  hold  of  superstitious 
vanities  :  and  my  trust  hath  been  in  the  Lord. 

8  I  will  be  glad,  and  rejoice  in  thy  mercy  :  for  thou 
hast  considered  my  trouble,  and  hast  known  my  soul 
in  adversities. 

9  Thou  hast  not  shut  me  up  into  the  hand  of  the 
enemy  :  but  hast  set  my  feet  in  a  large  room. 


'  So  Sept.,  Vulg.  ('my  glory'  being  'my  soul,'  as  xvi.  9, 
Ivii.  8).  The  Heb.  text  has  glory  (alone),  which  is  explained 
as  being  a  poetical  expression  for  the  Psalmist's  praises. 

^  i.e.  my  life;   the  'spirit'   being  the  principle  of  life  (cf. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXI  79 

thou  didst  loose  my  sackcloth,  and  gird  me 

with  gladness  ; 
12  To  the  end  that  my  glory  ^  might  make  melody 

unto  thee,  and  not  be  still : 
Jehovah,  my  God,  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee 

for  ever. 

Psalm  XXXI. 

1  In  thee,  Jehovah,  have  I  taken  refuge ;    let  me 

never  be  ashamed  : 
in  thy  righteousness  deliver  me. 

2  Incline  thine  ear  unto  me,  rescue  me  speedily ; 

be  to  me  a  stronghold-rock,  a  house  of  fastnesses 
to  save  me. 

3  For  thou  art  my  crag,  and  my  fastness ; 

for  thy  name's  sake,  therefore,  lead  me,  and 
gently  guide  me. 

4  Bring  me  forth   out  of  the  net,  that  they  have 

hidden  for  me ; 
for  thou  art  my  stronghold. 

5  Into  thy  hand  I  commit  my  spirit  ^ : 

thou  hast  ransomed  me,  Jehovah,  thou  God  of 
truth. 

6  I  hate '  them  that  regard  unreal  vanities  * ; 

but  /  trust  in  Jehovah. 

7  I  will  rejoice  and  be  glad  in  thy  kindness ; 

for  thou  hast  seen  my  affliction, 

thou  hast  known  of  the  troubles  of  my  soul  ^ 

8  And  thou  hast  not  shut  me  up  into  the  hand  of 

the  enemy ; 
thou  hast  made  my  feet  to  stand  in  a  broad 
place. 


Job  X.  12,  xvii.  I  ;  and  see  Gen.  ii.  7,  vii.  22"). 

'  Read,  probably,  with  Sept.,  Vulg.,  Syr.,  Jer.,  Thou  hatest. 
*  i.e.  false  gods,  or  idols:   cf.  Deut.  xxxii.  21,  Jer.  xiv,  22. 
'  Or,  known  my  soul  in  troubles. 


8o  THE  PSALMS  [day  6 

10  Have  mercy  upon  me,  O  Lord,  for  I  am  in 
trouble  :  and  mine  eye  is  consumed  for  very  heaviness  : 
yea,  my  soul  and  my  body. 

11  For  my  life  is  waxen  old  with  heaviness  :  and 
my  years  with  mourning. 

1 2  My  strength  faileth  me,  because  of  mine  iniquity  : 
and  my  bones  are  consumed. 

13  I  became  a  reproof  among  all  mine  enemies, 
but  especially  among  my  neighbours  :  and  they  of 
mine  acquaintance  were  afraid  of  me ;  and  they  that 
did  see  me  without  conveyed  themselves  from  me. 

14  I  am  clean  forgotten,  as  a  dead  man  out  of 
mind  :  I  am  become  like  a  broken  vessel. 

15  For  I  have  heard  the  blasphemy  of  the 
multitude  :  and  fear  is  on  every  side,  while  they 
conspire  together  against  me,  and  take  their  counsel 
to  take  away  my  life. 

16  But  my  hope  hath  been  in  thee,  O  Lord  :  I  have 
said,  Thou  art  my  God. 

17  My  time  is  in  thy  hand;  deliver  me  from  the 
hand  of  mine  enemies  :  and  from  them  that  persecute 
me. 

18  Shew  thy  servant  the  light  of  thy  countenance  ; 
and  save  me  for  thy  mercy's  sake. 

19  Let  me  not  be  confounded,  O  Lord,  for  I  have 
called  upon  thee  :  let  the  ungodly  be  put  to  confusion, 
and  be  put  to  silence  in  the  grave. 

20  Let  the  lying  lips  be  put  to  silence  :  which 
cruelly,  disdainfully,  and  despitefully,  speak  against 
the  righteous. 

21  O  how  plentiful  is  thy  goodness,  which  thou 
hast  laid  up  for  them  that  fear  thee  :  and  that  thou 

'  Cf.  vi.  7. 

-  Read  probably,  transposing  one  word,  /  am  become  a 
reproach  exceedingly,  and  a  dread  to  my  familiar  friends,  and  to 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXI  8l 

9  Be  gracious  unto  me,  Jehovah,  for  I  am  in  distress  : 
mine  eye  is  shrivelled  through  vexation  \  (yea,) 
my  soul  and  my  body. 

10  For  my  life  is  consumed  in  sorrow,  and  my  years 

in  sighing ; 
my  strength  stumbleth  because  of  mine  iniquity, 
and  my  bones  are  shrivelled. 

11  Because  of  all   mine   adversaries  I  am   become 

a  reproach, 
and    unto  my  neighbours  exceedingly,  and  a 

dread  to  my  familiar  friends^  : 
they  that  see  me  without  flee  from  me. 

12  I  am  forgotten  as  a  dead  man  out  of  mind  : 

I  am  become  like  a  perishing  vessel. 

13  For  I  hear  the  defaming  of  many, 

terror  on  every  side  ^ ; 

while  they  sit  in  conclave  together  against  me, 

(and)  plot  to  take  away  my  life. 

14  But  as  for  me,  I  trust  in  thee,  O  Jehovah : 

I  have  said,  '  Thou  art  my  God.' 

15  My  times  are  in  thy  hand : 

deliver  me  from  the  hand  of  mine  enemies,  and 
from  them  that  pursue  me. 

16  Make  thy  face  to  shine  upon  thy  servant ; 

save  me  in  thy  kindness. 

17  Jehovah,   let   me   not   be   ashamed,   for   I   have 

called  upon  thee ; 
let  the  wicked  be  ashamed,  let  them  be  brought 
to  stillness  *  for  Sheol : 

18  Let  the  lying  lips  be  dumb, 

which  speak  arrogancy  ^  against  the  righteous, 
with  pride  and  contempt. 

19  O  how  abundant  is  thy  goodness,  which  thou  hast 

treasured  up  for  them  that  fear  thee ; 

my  neighbours.  '  Cf.  Jer.  xx.  10. 

*  Lit.  let  them  be  still  (E-x..  xv.  16).     Cf.  xciv.  17,  cxv.  17. 
^  Cf.  I  Sam.  ii.  3. 

G 


82  THE   PSALMS  [daY  6 

hast  prepared  for  them  that  put  their  trust  in  thee, 
even  before  the  sons  of  men  ! 

2  2  Thou  shalt  hide  them  privily  by  thine  own 
presence  from  the  provoking  of  all  men  :  thou  shalt 
keep  them  secretly  in  thy  tabernacle  from  the  strife  of 
tongues. 

23  Thanks  be  to  the  Lord  :  for  he  hath  shewed  me 
marvellous  great  kindness  in  a  strong  city. 

24  And  when  I  made  haste,  I  said  :  I  am  cast  out 
of  the  sight  of  thine  eyes. 

25  Nevertheless,  thou  heardest  the  voice  of  my 
prayer  :  when  I  cried  unto  thee. 

26  O  love  the  Lord,  all  ye  his  saints  :  for  the  Lord 
preserveth  them  that  are  faithful,  and  plenteously 
rewardeth  the  proud  doer. 

27  Be  strong,  and  he  shall  establish  your  heart :  all 
ye  that  put  your  trust  in  the  Lord. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XXXIL     Beati,  guormn. 

1  Blessed  is  he  whose  unrighteousness  is  forgiven  : 
and  whose  sin  is  covered. 

2  Blessed  is  the  man  unto  whom  the  Lord  imputeth 
no  sin  :  and  in  whose  spirit  there  is  no  guile. 

3  For  while  I  held  my  tongue  :  my  bones  con- 
sumed away  through  my  daily  complaining. 

4  For  thy  hand  is  heavy  upon  me  day  and  night  : 
and  my  moisture  is  like  the  drought  in  summer. 


'  Cf.  the  note  on  xxvii.  5.  ^  See  the  note  on  xxvii.  4. 

'  Or,  in  a  besieged  city. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXn  83 

which  thou  hast  wrought  for  them  that  take 
refuge  in  thee,  in  the  sight  of  the  children  of 
men  ! 

20  Thou  hidest  them  in  the  hiding-place  of  thy  presence 

from  the  bandings  together  of  men  : 
thou  concealest  ^  them  in  a  booth  -  from  the 
chiding  of  tongues. 

21  Blessed  be  Jehovah  : 

for  he  hath  made  wonderful  his  kindness  to  me 
in  an  entrenched  city  *. 

22  But  as  for  me,  I  had  said  in  my  alarm,  *  I  am  cut 

away  from  the  sight  of  thine  eyes  ' : 
nevertheless  thou  heardest  the  voice  of  my  sup- 
plications when  I  cried  to  thee  for  help. 

23  O  love  Jehovah,  all  ye  his  godly  ones  : 

Jehovah  preserveth  them  that  are  faithful  *, 
and  plentifully  repayeth  ^  the  proud  doer. 

24  Be  strong,  and  let  your  heart  take  courage, 

all  ye  that  hope  in  Jehovah. 


Psalm  XXXII. 

1  Happy   is    he   whose    transgression    is    forgiven, 

whose  sin  is  covered. 

2  Happy  is  the  man  unto  whom  Jehovah  imputeth 

not  iniquity, 
and  in  whose  spirit  there  is  no  deception  *', 

3  When  I  kept  silence,  my  bones  wore  away 

through  my  roaring  all  the  day. 

4  For  day  and  night  thy  hand  was  heavy  upon  me  : 

my  moisture  was  changed  into  the  droughts  of 
summer. 

*  Or,  observeth  faithfulness.  *  Cf.  Deut.  vii.  10. 

^  Who  conceals  his  sin  neither  from  God  nor  from  himself. 

G  2 


84  THE   PSALMS  [daY  6 

5  I  will  acknowledge  my  sin  unto  thee  :  and  mine 
unrighteousness  have  I  not  hid. 

6  I  said,  T  will  confess  my  sins  unto  the  Lord  :  and 
so  thou  forgavest  the  wickedness  of  my  sin. 

7  For  this  shall  every  one  that  is  godly  make  his 
prayer  unto  thee,  in  a  time  when  thou  mayest  be 
found  :  but  in  the  great  water-floods  they  shall  not 
come  nigh  him. 

8  Thou  art  a  place  to  hide  me  in,  thou  shalt 
preserve  me  from  trouble  :  thou  shalt  compass  me 
about  with  songs  of  deliverance. 

9  I  will  inform  thee,  and  teach  thee  in  the  way 
wherein  thou  shalt  go  :  and  I  will  guide  thee  with 
mine  eye. 

10  Be  ye  not  like  to  horse  and  mule,  which  have 
no  understanding  :  whose  mouths  must  be  held  with 
bit  and  bridle,  lest  they  fall  upon  thee. 


11  Great  plagues  remain  for  the  ungodly  :  but 
whoso  putteth  his  trust  in  the  Lord,  mercy  embraceth 
him  on  every  side. 

12  Be  glad,  O  ye  righteous,  and  rejoice  in  the 
Lord  :  and  be  joyful,  all  ye  that  are  true  of  heart. 

Psalm  XXXIIL     Exidtate,  justi. 

1  Rejoice  in  the  Lord,  O  ye  righteous  :  for  it  be- 
cometh  well  the  just  to  be  thankful. 

2  Praise  the  Lord  wifh  harp  :  sing  praises  unto  him 
with  the  lute,  and  instrument  of  ten  strings. 


1  Lit.  ornament.     The  word  is,  however,  uncertain. 
^  Or,  he  compasseth  hint  about  with  kindness. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXIII  85 

5  I  made  known  my  sin  unto  thee,  and  mine  iniquity 

did  I  not  cover ; 
I  said,  'I  will  make  acknowledgement  concerning 

my  transgressions  unto  Jehovah  ' ; 
and  thou  didst  forgive  the  iniquity  of  my  sin. 

6  For  this  let  every  godly  man  pray  unto  thee  at 

a  time  when  thou  mayest  be  found  : 
surely  when  many  waters  overflow, 
they  shall  not  reach  unto  hifu. 

7  Thou  art  my  hiding-place,  thou  wilt  preserve  me 

from  trouble  ; 
thou  wilt  compass  me  about  with  ringing  cries 
of  deliverance. 

8  'I  will  inform  thee  and  instruct  thee  in  the  way 

wherein  thou  shouldest  go  ; 
'  I  will  counsel  (thee)  with  mine  eye  upon  thee.' 

9  Be  ye  not  like  a  horse,  or  a  mule,  without  under- 

standing : 
which  must  be  muzzled  with  bridle  and  halter, 

as  its  trappings  \ 
(else)  it  will  not  come  near  unto  thee. 

10  Many  pains  hath  the  wicked  : 

but  he  that  trusteth  in  Jehovah,  kindness  com- 
passeth  him  about  ^. 

11  Be  glad  in  Jehovah,  and  rejoice,  O  ye  righteous  : 

and  ring  out  your  joy,  all  ye  that  are  upright  of 
heart. 

Psalm  XXXIII. 

1  Ring  out  your  joy,  O  ye  righteous,  in  Jehovah  : 

praise  is  comely  for  the  upright. 

2  Give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  with  harp  : 

with  a  lyre^  of  ten  strings  make  melody  unto 
him. 

•'  Or,    perhaps,   a  lute.      So    always.      Comp.   Glossary  II, 
under  '  lute.' 


86  THE  PSALMS  [daY  6 

3  Sing  unto  the  Lord  a  new  song  :  sing  praises 
lustily  (unto  him)  with  a  good  courage. 

4  For  the  word  of  the  Lord  is  true  :  and  all  his 
works  are  faithful. 

5  He  loveth  righteousness  and  judgement  :  the 
earth  is  full  of  the  goodness  of  the  Lord. 

6  By  the  word  of  the  Lord  were  the  heavens 
made  :  and  all  the  hosts  of  them  by  the  breath  of  his 
mouth. 

7  He  gathereth  the  waters  of  the  sea  together,  as  it 
were  upon  an  heap  :  and  layeth  up  the  deep,  as  in 
a  treasure-house. 

8  Let  all  the  earth  fear  the  Lord  :  stand  in  awe  of 
him,  all  ye  that  dwell  in  the  world. 

9  For  he  spake,  and  it  was  done  :  he  commanded, 
and  it  stood  fast. 

ID  The  Lord  bringeth  the  counsel  of  the  heathen 
to  nought  :  and  maketh  the  devices  of  the  people  to 
be  of  none  effect,  (and  casteth  out  the  counsels  of  princes). 

1 1  The  counsel  of  the  Lord  shall  endure  for  ever  : 
and  the  thoughts  of  his  heart  from  generation  to 
generation. 

12  Blessed  are  the  people,  whose  God  is  the  Lord 
Jehovah  :  and  blessed  are  the  folk,  that  he  hath 
chosen  to  him  to  be  his  inheritance. 

13  The  Lord  looked  down  from  heaven,  and  be- 
held all  the  children  of  men  :  from  the  habitation  of 
his  dwelling  he  considereth  all  them  that  dwell  on  the 
earth. 

14  He  fashioneth  all  the  hearts  of  them  :  and 
understandeth  all  their  works. 


*  Sept .  Syr.,  Targ.,  Vulg.,  Jen,  and  several  moderns,  read 
as  in  a  ivater-skin. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXIII  87 

3  Sing  unto  him  a  new  song ; 

play  skilfully  on  the  strings,  with  shouting. 

4  For  the  word  of  Jehovah  is  upright ; 

and  all  his  work  is  (done)  in  faithfulness. 

5  He  loveth  righteousness  and  judgement : 

the  earth  is  full  of  the  kindness  of  Jehovah. 

6  By  the  word  of  Jehovah  were  the  heavens  made ; 

and  all  the  host  of  them  by  the  breath  of  his 
mouth. 

7  He  gathereth  the  waters  of  the  sea  together  as  an 

heap ' ; 
he  putteth  the  deeps  in  treasure-houses. 

8  Let  all  the  earth  be  in  fear  of  Jehovah  : 

let  all  the  inhabitants  of  the  world  stand  in  awe 
of  him. 

9  For  he  spake,  and  it  was  ; 

he  commanded,  and  it  stood. 

10  Jehovah  bringeth  the  counsel  of  the  nations  to 

nought : 
he  maketh  the  thoughts  of  the  peoples  to  be  of 
none  effect. 

1 1  The  counsel  of  Jehovah  standeth  for  ever, 

the  thoughts  of  his  heart  to  all  generations. 

1 2  Happy  is  the  nation,  whose  God  is  Jehovah ; 

the  people  that  he  hath'  chosen  to  him  for  an 
inheritance. 

1 3  Jehovah  looketh  from  heaven  ; 

he  seeth  all  the  children  of  men  ; 

14  From   the   place   of  his   habitation*  he  looketh 

narrowly  * 
at  all  the  inhabitants  of  the  earth  : 

15  He  that  fashioneth  their  hearts  all  together, 

that  hath  discernment  of  all  their  works. 

*  Or,  the  place  where  he  sitleth  (Ps.  ii.  4). 

*  Is.  xiv.  16. 


88  THE   PSALMS  [day  6 

15  There  is  no  king  that  can  be  saved  by  the 
multitude  of  an  host  :  neither  is  any  mighty  man 
dehvered  by  much  strength. 

1 6  A  horse  is  counted  but  a  vain  thing  to  save  a  man : 
neither  shall  he  deliver  any  man  by  his  great  strength. 

17  Behold,  the  eye  of  the  Lord  is  upon  them  that 
fear  him  :  and  upon  them  that  put  their  trust  in  his 
mercy ; 

18  To  deliver  their  soul  from  death  :  and  to  feed 
them  in  the  time  of  dearth. 

19  Our  soul  hath  patiently  tarried  for  the  Lord  :  for 
he  is  our  help,  and  our  shield. 

20  For  our  heart  shall  rejoice  in  him  :  because  we 
have  hoped  in  his  holy  Name. 

21  Let  thy  merciful  kindness,  O  Lord,  be  upon 
us  :  like  as  we  do  put  our  trust  in  thee. 


Psalm  XXXIV.     Benedicam  Domino. 

1  I  will  alway  give  thanks   unto  the   Lord   :   his 
praise  shall  ever  be  in  my  mouth. 

2  My  soul  shall  make  her  boast  in  the  Lord  :  the 
humble  shall  hear  thereof,  and  be  glad. 

3  O  praise  the  Lord  with  me  :  and  let  us  magnify 
his  Name  together. 

4  I  sought  the  Lord,  and  he  heard  me  :  yea,  he 
delivered  me  out  of  all  my  fear. 

5  They  had  an  eye  unto  him,  and  were  lightened  : 
and  their  faces  were  not  ashamed. 

6  Lo,  the  poor  crieth,  and  the  Lord  heareth  him  : 
yea,  and  saveth  him  out^of  all  his  troubles. 

*  Or,  by  great  poivet. 

*  i.  e.  a  warrior  ;  cf.  on  xix.  5.  '      ^  Heb.  a  lie. 

*  An  alphabetical  Psalm.  The  Vau  verse  (after  v.  5)  is 
missing,  and  there  is  a  supernumerary  verse  (as  in  Ps.  xxv)  at 
the  end. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XXXIV  89 

16  A  king  is  not  saved  by  the  multitude  of  an  host^ ; 

a    mighty   man^    is    not    dehvered    by   great 
strength  : 

17  A  horse  is  a  delusive  thing  ^  for  safety  ; 

neither  doth  he  give  escape  by  his  great  power : 

18  Behold,  the  eye  of  Jehovah  is  toward  them  that 

fear  him, 
toward  them  that  hope  in  his  kindness ; 

19  To  deliver  their  soul  from  death, 

and  to  keep  them  alive  in  famine. 

20  Our  soul  tarrieth  patiently  for  Jehovah : 

he  is  our  help  and  our  shield. 

21  For  in  him  is  our  heart  glad, 

because  we  trust  in  his  holy  name. 

22  Let  thy  kindness,  Jehovah,  be  upon  us, 

according  as  we  have  hoped  in  thee. 


Psalm  XXXIV*. 

1  (X)  I  will  bless  Jehovah  at  all  times  : 

his  praise  shall  continually  be  in  my  mouth. 

2  (3)  In  Jehovah  shall  my  soul  make  her  boast : 

the  humble  shall  hear,  and  be  glad. 

3  (3)  O  magnify  Jehovah  with  me, 

and  let  us  exalt  his  name  together. 

4  (l)  I  sought  after  Jehovah,  and  he  answered  me, 

and  delivered  me  from  all  my  terrors. 

5  (n)  They  looked  unto  him,  and  were  brightened  ^ ; 

and  let  not  their  faces  be  abashed ". 

6  (r)  This  poor  man  cried,  and  Jehovah  heard, 

and  saved  him  out  of  all  his  troubles. 

5  Vis.  with  joy;  cf.  Is.  Ix.  5  R.V.  ('lightened'). 
*  Read,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg.,  Jer.,  and  many  moderns, 
O  look  unto  hint  and  be  brightened, 
and  let  not  your  faces  be  abashed. 


90  THE   PSALMS  [dav  6 

7  The  angel  of  the  Lord  tarrieth  round  about  them 
that  fear  him  :  and  deHvereth  them. 

8  O  taste,  and  see,  how  gracious  the  Lord  is  : 
blessed  is  the  man  that  trusteth  in  him. 

9  O  fear  the  Lord,  ye  that  are  his  saints  :  for  they 
that  fear  him  lack  nothing. 

ID  The  lions  do  lack,  and  suffer  hunger  :  but  they 
who  seek  the  Lord  shall  want  no  manner  of  thing  that 
is  good. 

1 1  Come,  ye  children,  and  hearken  unto  me  :  I  will 
teach  you  the  fear  of  the  Lord. 

12  What  man  is  he  that  lusteth  to  live  :  and  would 
fain  see  good  days  ? 

13  Keep  thy  tongue  from  evil  :  and  thy  lips,  that 
they  speak  no  guile. 

14  Eschew  evil,  and  do  good  :  seek  peace,  and 
ensue  it. 

15  The  eyes  of  the  Lord  are  over  the  righteous  : 
and  his  ears  are  open  unto  their  prayers. 

16  The  countenance  of  the  Lord  is  against  them 
that  do  evil  :  to  root  out  the  remembrance  of  them 
from  the  earth. 

1 7  The  righteous  cry,  and  the  Lord  heareth  them  : 
and  delivereth  them  out  of  all  their  troubles. 

18  The  Lord  is  nigh  unto  them  that  are  of  a  contrite 
heart  :  and  will  save  such  as  be  of  an  humble  spirit. 

19  Great  are  the  troubles  of  the  righteous  :  but  the 
Lord  delivereth  him  out  of  all. 

20  He  keepeth  all  his  bones  :  so  that  not  one  of 
them  is  broken. 

21  But  misfortune  shall  slay  the  ungodly  :  and  they 
that  hate  the  righteous  shall  be  desolate. 


'  Either  read,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  Targ.,  The  righteous  cry  ; 
or  transpose  v.  15  and  v.  16  (with  Pe  before  Ain,  as  in  Lam. 
ii.  16,  iii.  46-48,  iv.  16.    '  They,'  as  the  text  stands,  would  refer, 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXIV  QI 

7  (n)  The  angel  of  Jehovah  encampeth  round  about 

them  that  fear  him, 
and  rescueth  them. 

8  (d)  O  taste  and  see  that  Jehovah  is  good : 

happy  is  the  man  that  taketh  refuge  in  him. 

9  (i)  O  fear  Jehovah,  ye  his  holy  ones  ; 

for  there  is  no  want  to  them  that  fear  him. 

10  (d)  The  young  lions  do  lack,  and  suffer  hunger  : 

but  they  who  seek  after  Jehovah  want  not  any 
good  thing. 

1 1  (?)  Come,  ye  children,  hearken  unto  me  : 

I  will  teach  you  the  fear  of  Jeliovah. 

12  (d)  Who  is  the  man  that  desireth  life, 

(and)  loveth  days,  that  he  may  see  good  ? 

13  (j)  Keep  thy  tongue  from  evil, 

and  thy  lips  from  speaking  deceit : 

14  (d)  Depart  from  evil,  and  do  good  ; 

seek  peace,  and  pursue  it. 

15  (y)  The  eyes  of  Jehovah  are  toward  the  righteous, 

and  his  ears  are  'directed)  toward  their  cry. 

16  (s)  The  face  of  Jehovah  is  against  them  that  do 

evil, 
to  cut  off  their  memory  from  the  earth. 

1 7  (v)  They  cry  \  and  Jehovah  heareth, 

and  delivereth  them  out  of  all  their  troubles. 

18  (p)  Jehovah  is  nigh  unto  the  broken  in  heart; 

and  he  saveth  them  that  are  crushed  in  spirit. 
[9  (i)  Many  are  the  misfortunes  -  of  the  righteous  : 
but  Jehovah  delivereth  him  out  of  them  all. 

20  (p)  He  keepeth  all  his  bones : 

not  one  of  them  is  broken. 

21  (n)  Misfortune^  shall  slay  the  wicked  : 

and  they  that  hate  the  righteous  shall  be  held 
guilty. 

unsuitably,  to  '  them  that  do  evil '  in  v.  16). 
^  Lit.  evils.  ^  Lit.  Evil. 


92  THE   PSALMS  [daY  7 

22  The  Lord  delivereth  the  souls  of  his  servants  : 
and  all  they  that  put  their  trust  in  him  shall  not  be 
destitute. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XXXV.    Judica,  Domine. 

1  Plead  thou  my  cause,  O  Lord,  with  them  that 
strive  with  me  :  and  fight  thou  against  them  that 
fight  against  me. 

2  Lay  hand  upon  the  shield  and  buckler  :  and 
stand  up  to  help  me. 

3  Bring  forth  the  spear,  and  stop  the  way  against 
them  that  persecute  me  :  say  unto  my  soul,  I  am  thy 
salvation. 

4  Let  them  be  confounded,  and  put  to  shame,  that 
seek  after  my  soul  :  let  them  be  turned  back,  and 
brought  to  confusion,  that  imagine  mischief  for  me. 

5  Let  them  be  as  the  dust  before  the  wind  :  and 
the  angel  of  the  Lord  scattering  them. 

6  Let  their  way  be  dark  and  slippery  :  and  let  the 
angel  of  the  Lord  persecute  them. 

7  For  they  have  privily  laid  their  net  to  destroy  me 
without  a  cause  :  yea,,  even  without  a  cause  have  they 
made  a  pit  for  my  soul. 

8  Let  a  sudden  destruction  come  upon  him  un- 
awares, and  his  net,  that  he  hath  laid  privily,  catch 
himself  :  that  he  may  fall  into  his  own  mischief. 

9  And,  my  soul,  be  joyful  in  the  Lord  :  it  shall 
rejoice  in  his  salvation. 

10  All  my  bones  shall  say,  Lord,  who  is  like  unto 


*  Or,  Contend  thou,  Jehovah,  with  them  that  contend  with  me  : 
cf.  Is.  xlix.  25. 

^  Or,  and  shut  {the  w^y)  against.  ^  Lit.  evil ;  so  v.  26. 

*  The    last  two  words   in  v.  5   and   v.  6  should   probably 
exchange  places. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXV 


2  2  Jehovah  ransometh  the  soul  of  his  servants  ; 

and  none  of  them  that  take  refuge  in  him  shall 
be  held  guilty. 


Psalm  XXXV. 

1  Plead  thou  my  cause,  Jehovah,  with  them  that 

implead  me  ^ ; 
fight  thou  against  them  that  fight  against  me. 

2  Take  hold  of  shield  and  buckler, 

and  rise  up  as  my  help. 

3  Draw  out  also  the  spear  and  battle  axe  to  meet  "^ 

them  that  pursue  me ; 
say  unto  my  soul,  '  I  am  thy  salvation.' 

4  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  brought  to  confusion, 

that  seek  my  soul ; 
let  them  retreat  backward  and  be  abashed,  that 
devise  my  hurt ''. 

5  Let  them  be  as  chaff  before  the  wind, 

and  the  angel  of  Jehovah  thrusting  (them)  *. 

6  Let  their  way  be  dark  and  slippery, 

and  the  angel  of  Jehovah  pursuing  them*. 

7  For  without  cause  have  they  hid  for  me  the  pit  of 

their  net, 
without  cause  have  they  graven  for  my  soul  ^ 

8  Let  desolation  *  come  upon  him  unawares  ^ ; 

and  let  his  net  that  he  hath  hid  catch  himself; 
with  desolation  ^  let  him  fall  therein. 

9  So  shall  my  soul  rejoice  in  Jehovah ; 

it  shall  be  joyful  in  his  salvation  : 
lo  All  my  bones  shall  say,  'Jehovah,  who  is  like  unto 
thee, 

*  Read,  transposing  two  words, 

For  without  cause  have  they  hid  for  me  their  net, 
a  pit  without  cause  have  they  graven  for  my  soul. 

*  Is.  xlvii.  II.  ■'   Lit.  which  (or  ivhen)  he  knoiveth  not. 

*  The  text  is  suspicious.     Syr.  has,  the  pit  that  he  hath  made. 


94  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  7 

thee,  who  deh'verest  the  poor  from  him  that  is  too 
strong  for  him  :  yea,  the  poor,  and  him  that  is  in 
misery,  from  him  that  spoileth  him  ? 

11  False  witnesses  did  rise  up  :  they  laid  to  my 
charge  things  that  I  knew  not. 

12  They  rewarded  me  evil  for  good  :  to  the  great 
discomfort  of  my  soul. 

13  Nevertheless,  when  they  were  sick,  I  put  on 
sackcloth,  and  humbled  my  soul  with  fasting  :  and 
my  prayer  shall  turn  into  mine  own  bosom. 

14  I  behaved  myself  as  though  it  had  been  my 
friend,  or  my  brother  :  I  went  heavily,  as  one  that 
mourneth  for  his  mother. 

15  But  in  mine  adversity  they  rejoiced,  and  gathered 
themselves  together  :  yea,  the  very  abjects  came  to- 
gether against  me  unawares,  making  mowes  ^  at  me, 
and  ceased  not. 

16  With  the  flatterers  were  busy  mockers  :  who 
gnashed  upon  me  with  their  teeth. 

17  Lord,  how  long  wilt  thou  look  upon  this  :  O 
deliver  my  soul  from  the  calamities  which  they  bring 
on  me,  and  my  darling  from  the  lions. 

18  So  will  I  give  thee  thanks  in  the  great  con- 
gregation :  I  will  praise  thee  among  much  people. 

19  O  let  not  them  that  are  mine  enemies  triumph 
over  me  ungodly  :  neither  let  them  wink  with  their 
eyes  that  hate  me  without  a  cause. 

»  ».  e.  grimaces.  So  in  the  Great  Bible,  and  in  P.  B.  till  1687. 
'  Or,  humbled  {i.  e.  mortified)  ;  cf.  Lev.  xvi.  29,  Is.  Iviii.  3,  5. 
'  See  on  xxxviii.  6.  *  %.  e.  my  calamity ;  cf.  Jer.  xx.  10. 

°  The  word  is  uncertain. 
*  Or,     the    abjccts    gather  themselves    together    agamst    me 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXV  95 


'  who  deliverest  the  poor  from  him  that  is  too 

strong  for  him, 
'yea,  the  poor  and  the  needy  from  him  that 

robbeth  him  ? ' 

r  I  Violent  witnesses  rise  up  ; 

they  ask  me  of  things  that  I  know  not. 

1 2  They  repay  me  evil  for  good, 

to  the  bereaving  of  my  soul. 

13  But  as  for  me,  when  they  were  sick,  my  vesture 

was  sackcloth ; 
I  afiflicted  -  my  soul  with  fasting ; 
but  my  prayer  returned  into  mine  own  bosom. 

14  I  went  about  as  though  it  had  been  my  friend  or 

my  brother; 
I  bowed    down  in   dark   attire  ^  as   one   that 
mourneth  for  his  mother. 

1 5  Yet  at  my  halting  *  they  rejoice,  and  gather  them- 

selves together : 
the   abjects^    and   those   whom    I  know   not, 

gather  themselves  together  against  me  ^ ; 
they  rend  (me),  and  are  not  still : 

1 6  Like  the  profanest  of  mockers  for  a  cake  ^, 

they  gnash  upon  me  with  their  teeth. 

17  Lord,  how  long  wilt  thou  look  on  ? 

0  recover  my  soul  from  their  desolations  \ 
my  only  one  *  from  the  young  lions. 

18  I  will  give  thee  thanks  in  the  great  congregation'"; 

1  will  praise  thee  among  a  mighty  "  people. 

19  Let   not   them    that   are   lyingly    mine    enemies 

rejoice  over  me  ; 
neither  let  them  wink  with  the  eye  that  hate  me 
without  a  cause. 


unawares  (lit.  and  I  know  it  not). 

'  ».  e.  (if  the  text  be  correct)  parasites,  buffoons  who  pur- 
chase a  place  at  a  feast  for  themselves  by  scurrilous  jests. 

*  Read,  perhaps, /;'o;w  their  roarings  ;  cf.  xxii.  13. 

»  See  xxii.  20.  '»  Cf.  xxii.  22,  25.  '■^  Or,  numerous. 


96  THE   PSALMS  [day  7 

20  And  why?  their  communing  is  not  for  peace  : 
but  they  imagine  deceitful  words  against  them  that  are 
quiet  in  the  land. 

21  They  gaped  upon  me  with  their  mouths,  and 
said  :  Fie  on  thee,  fie  on  thee,  we  saw  it  with  our 
eyes. 

22  This  thou  hast  seen,  O  Lord  :  hold  not  thy 
tongue  then,  go  not  far  from  me,  O  Lord. 

23  Awake,  and  stand  up  to  judge  my  quarrel  : 
avenge  thou  my  cause,  my  God,  and  my  Lord. 

24  Judge  me,  O  Lord  my  God,  according  to  thy 
righteousness  :  and  let  them  not  triumph  over  me. 

25  Let  them  not  say  in  their  hearts,  There,  there, 
so  would  we  have  it  :  neither  let  them  say,  We  have 
devoured  him. 

26  Let  them  be  put  to  confusion  and  shame  to- 
gether, that  rejoice  at  my  trouble  :  let  them  be 
clothed  with  rebuke  and  dishonour,  that  boast  them- 
selves against  me. 

27  Let  them  be  glad  and  rejoice,  that  favour  my 
righteous  dealing  :  yea,  let  them  say  alway.  Blessed 
be  the  Lord,  who  hath  pleasure  in  the  prosperity  of 
his  servant. 

28  And  as  for  my  tongue,  it  shall  be  talking  of  thy 
righteousness  :  and  of  thy  praise  all  the  day  long. 

Psalm  XXXVI.     Dixit  injustus. 

I  My  heart  sheweth  me  the  wickedness  of  the 
ungodly  :  that  there  is  no  fear  of  God  before  his 
eyes 

^  Lit.  words.  ^  In  derision  ;  cf.  Is.  Ivii.  4. 

'  Heb.  Aha,  our  soul!     See  Glossary  I,  under  'soul.' 

*  i.  e.  in  the  vindication  of  my  innocence. 

'  Or,  murmur;  cf.  Ixxi.  24. 

"  So  Sept.,  Syr.,  Jer.,  and  most  moderns.     Heb.  text,  my. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVI  97 

20  For  it  is  no  peace  that  they  speak : 

but  they  devise  deceitful  plots  ^  against  them 
that  are  quiet  in  the  land. 

21  Yea,  they  open  their  mouth  wide  ^  at  me  ; 

they  say,   'Aha,   aha,   our   eye  hath  seen  (its 
desire).' 

22  Thou  hast  seen,  O  Jehovah  ;  keep  not  silence  : 

O  Lord,  be  not  far  from  me. 

23  Arouse  thyself  and  awake  to  my  judgement, 

(even)  to  my  cause,  my  God  and  my  Lord. 

24  Judge  me,  Jehovah  my   God,  according  to   thy 

righteousness, 
and  let  them  not  rejoice  over  me. 

25  Let  them  not  say  in  their  heart,  '  Aha,  (we  have) 

our  desire^'; 
let  them  not  say,  'We  have  swallowed  him  up.' 

26  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  abashed  together,  that 

rejoice  at  my  hurt ; 
let  them  be  clothed  with  shame  and  confusion, 
that  magnify  themselves  against  me. 

27  Let  them  ring  out  their  joy,  and  be  glad,  that 

delight  in  my  righteousness  ■* ; 
yea,    let   them    say   continually,    '  Jehovah   be 

magnified, 
'  who  delighteth  in  the  prosperity  of  his  servant.' 

28  And  my  tongue  shall  meditate  ^  of  thy  righteous- 

ness, 
(and)  of  thy  praise  all  the  day. 

Psalm  XXXVI. 

I  Saith    transgression   to   the   wicked   within    his® 
heart : 
there  is  no  terror  of  God  before  his  eyes  ''. 

''  i.e.  he  is  blind  to  God's  awe-inspiring  judgements  (see 
Is.  ii.  10,  Jer.  ii.  19  '  and  that  my  terror  reached  not  unto 
thee ' ;  and  cf.  Ps.  x.  5).  '  Saith  '  is  the  word  commonly  used 
of  a  divine  oracle  :  the  Psalmist  personifies  transgression,  and 
ascribes  the  wicked  man's  godlessness  to  its  suggestion. 

H 


98  THE   PSALMS  [daY  7 

2  For  he  flattereth  himself  in  his  own  sight  :  until 
his  abominable  sin  be  found  out. 

3  The  words  of  his  mouth  are  unrighteous,  and  full 
of  deceit  :  he  hath  left  off  to  behave  himself  wisely, 
and  to  do  good. 

4  He  imagineth  mischief  upon  his  bed,  and  hath 
set  himself  in  no  good  way  :  neither  doth  he  abhor 
any  thing  that  is  evil. 

5  Thy  mercy,  O  Lord,  reacheth  unto  the  heavens  : 
and  thy  faithfulness  unto  the  clouds. 

6  Thy  righteousness  standeth  like  the  strong 
mountains  :  thy  judgements  are  like  the  great  deep. 

7  Thou,  Lord,  shalt  save  both  man  and  beast; 
How  excellent  is  thy  jnercy,  O  God  :  and  the  children 
of  men  shall  put  their  trust  under  the  shadow  of  thy 
wings. 

8  They  shall  be  satisfied  with  the  plenteousness  of 
thy  house  :  and  thou  shalt  give  them  drink  of  thy 
pleasures,  as  out  of  the  river. 

9  For  v/ith  thee  is  the  well  of  life  :  and  in  thy  light 
shall  we  see  light. 

10  O  continue  forth  thy  loving-kindness  unto  them 
that  know  thee  :  and  thy  righteousness  unto  them  that 
are  true  of  heart. 

11  O  let  not  the  foot  of  pride  come  against  me  : 
and  let  not  the  hand  of  the  ungodly  cast  me  down. 

1 2  There  are  they  fallen,  (all)  that  work  wickedness  : 
they  are  cast  down,  and  shall  not  be  able  to  stand. 

*  i.e.  God.     Or.  it  {i.e.  transgression). 

*  Heb.  in  his  eyes  (cf.  Gen.  xxix.  20,  &c.,  in  the  Heb.). 

*  Lit.  as  regards  the  finding  out  of  his  iniquity,  {and)  the 
hating  it.  *  Or,  to  deal  wisely  ;  cf.  xiv.  2. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVI  99 

2  For  he  *  flattereth  him,  as  he  thinketh  -, 

that  his  iniquity  will  not  be  found  out,  (and)  be 
hated  I 

3  The   words   of  his   mouth   are   naughtiness  and 

deceit : 
he  hath  left  off  to  understand ",  (and)  to  do 
good. 

4  He  deviseth  naughtiness  upon  his  bed  ; 

he  taketh  his  stand  upon  a  way  that  is  not  good; 
he  refuseth  not  evil. 

5  Jehovah,  thy  kindness  is  in  the  heavens  ; 

thy  faithfulness  (reacheth)  unto  the  skies. 

6  Thy  righteousness  is  like  the  mountains  of  God  ; 

thy  judgements  are  (like)  the  great  deep  : 
man  and  beast,  O  Jehovah,  thou  savest. 

7  How  precious  is  thy  kindness,  O  God  ! 

and  the  children  of  men  take  refuge  in   the 
shadow  of  thy  wings. 

8  They  are  richly  filled  with  ^  the  fatness  of  thy 

house ; 
and  thou  givest  them  to  drink  of  the  stream  of 
thy  pleasures. 

9  For  with  thee  is  the  fountain  of  life  : 

in  thy  light  do  we  see  hght. 

10  O  continue  thy  kindness  unto  them  that  know 

thee; 
and  thy  righteousness  unto  them  that  are  up- 
right of  heart. 

11  O  let  not  the  foot  of  pride  come  against  me, 

and  let  not  the  hand  of  the  wicked  make  me 
a  wanderer. 

12  There"  are  they  fallen  that  work  naughtiness  ! 

they  are  thrust  (down),  and  are  not  able  to  rise. 

^  Properly,  drink  to  satiety  of.    Cf.  Jer.  xxxi.  14  ('satiate'), 
Is.  xliii.  24  (*  filled,'  tnarg.  '  satiated  'j. 

*  The  Psalmist   points  to   the  spot  where    he   pictures   in 
imagination  the  overthrow  of  the  wicked  (cf.  xiv.  5). 

H  2 


lOO  THE   PSALMS  [daY  7 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XXXVII.     Noli  cemularL 

1  Fret  not  thyself  because  of  the  ungodly  :  neither 
be  thou  envious  against  the  evil  doers. 

2  For  they  shall  soon  be  cut  down  like  the  grass  : 
and  be  withered  even  as  the  green  herb. 

3  Put  thou  thy  trust  in  the  Lord,  and  be  doing 
good  :  dwell  in  the  land,  and  verily  thou  shalt  be  fed. 

4  Delight  thou  in  the  Lord  :  and  he  shall  give  thee 
thy  heart's  desire. 

5  Commit  thy  way  unto  the  Lord,  and  put  thy  trust 
in  him  :  and  he  shall  bring  it  to  pass. 

6  He  shall  make  thy  righteousness  as  clear  as  the 
light  :  and  thy  just  dealing  as  the  noonday. 

7  Hold  thee  still  in  the  Lord,  and  abide  patiently 
upon  him  :  but  grieve  not  thyself  at  him,  whose  way 
doth  prosper,  against  the  man  that  doeth  after  evil 
counsels. 


8  Leave  ofif  from  wrath,  and  let  go  displeasure  :  fret 
not  thyself,  else  shalt  thou  be  moved  to  do  evil. 

9  Wicked  doers  shall  be  rooted  out  :  and  they 
that  patiently  abide  the  Lord,  those  shall  inherit  the 
land. 

10  Yet  a  little  while,  and  the  ungodly  shall  be  clean 
gone  :  thou  shalt  look  after  his  place,  and  he  shall  be 
away. 


'  Or,  perhaps,  wither.  ^  Heb.  Roll;  cf,  xxii.  8. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVIl  lOl 


Psalm  XXXVII. 

1  (x)  Be  not  incensed  at  evil  doers  ; 

be  not   envious  against   them   that   work   un- 
righteousness. 

2  For  they  shall  soon  be  mown  down  Mike  the  grass, 

and  fade  like  the  green  of  young  grass. 

3  (3)  Trust  in  Jehovah,  and  do  good, 

dwell  in  the  land,  and  follow  after  faithfulness  : 

4  So  shalt  thou  have  thy  delight  in  Jehovah, 

and  he  shall  give  thee  the  petitions  of  thine 
heart. 

5  (3)  Commit  "^  thy  way  unto  Jehovah, 

and  trust  in  him,  and  he  will  do  (it) ; 

6  And  he  will  make  thy  righteousness  to  go  forth  as 

the  light, 
and  thy  just  right  as  the  noonday. 

7  (^)  Be  thou   stilP  towards   Jehovah,   and  wait 

patiently  for  him  : 
be  not  incensed  at  him  who  prospereth  in  his 

way, 
at  the  man  who  bringeth  (evil)  devices  to  pass. 

8  (n)  Desist  from  anger,  and  forsake  wrath  : 

be  not  incensed,  (it  tendeth)  only  to  evil-doing. 

9  For  evil  doers  shall  be  cut  off : 

but  those   that   wait   for  Jehovah,  they   shall 
inherit  the  land. 

10  (1)  And  yet  a  little  while,  and  the  wicked  shall  not 
be; 
yea,  thou  shalt  diligently  consider  his  place,  and 
he  shall  not  be  : 

^  i.  e.  resigned  ;  cf.  Ixii.  i,  5. 


I02  THE   PSALMS  [day  7 

11  But  the  meek-spirited  shall  possess  the  earth  : 
and  shall  be  refreshed  in  the  multitude  of  peace. 

1 2  The  ungodly  seeketh  counsel  against  the  just  : 
and  gnasheth  upon  him  with  his  teeth. 

13  The  Lord  shall  laugh  him  to  scorn  :  for  he  hath 
seen  that  his  day  is  coming. 

14  The  ungodly  have  drawn  out  the  sword,  and 
have  bent  their  bow  :  to  cast  down  the  poor  and 
needy,  and  to  slay  such  as  are  of  a  right  conver- 
sation. 

15  Their  sword  shall  go  through  their  own  heart  : 
and  their  bow  shall  be  broken. 

16  A  small  thing  that  the  righteous  hath  :  is  better 
than  great  riches  of  the  ungodly. 

17  For  the  arms  of  the  ungodly  shall  be  broken  : 
and  the  Lord  upholdeth  the  righteous. 

18  The  Lord  knoweth  the  days  of  the  godly  :  and 
their  inheritance  shall  endure  for  ever. 

19  They  shall  not  be  confounded  in  the  perilous 
time  :  and  in  the  days  of  dearth  they  shall  have 
enough. 

20  As  for  the  ungodly,  they  shall  perish;  and  the 
enemies  of  the  Lord  shall  consume  as  the  fat  of 
lambs  :  yea,  even  as  the  smoke,  shall  they  consume 
away. 

21  The  ungodly  borroweth,  and  payeth  not  again  : 
but  the  righteous  is  merciful,  and  liberal. 

22  Such  as  are  blessed  of  God  shall  possess  the 
land  :  and  they  that  are  cursed  of  him  shall  be  rooted 
out. 

23  The  Lord  ordereth  a  good  man's  going  :  and 
maketh  his  way  acceptable  to  himself. 

24  Though  he  fall,  he  shall  not  be  cast  away  :  for 
the  Lord  upholdeth  him  with  his  hand. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVII  103 

1 1  But  the  humble  shall  inherit  the  land, 

and  have  their  delight  in  abundance  of  peace. 

12  (t)  The  wicked  plotteth  against  the  righteous, 

and  gnasheth  upon  him  with  his  teeth. 

13  The  Lord  laugheth  at  him  : 

for  he  seeth  that  his  day  is  coming. 

14  (n)  The  wicked  have  drawn  the  sword,  and  have 

bent  their  bow ; 
to  cause  the  poor  and  the  needy  to  fall, 
to  slaughter  such  as  are  of  an  upright  way  : 

15  Their  sword  shall  enter  into  their  own  heart, 

and  their  bows  shall  be  broken. 

16  (a)  Better  is  a  little  that  the  righteous  hath 

than  the  abundance  of  many  wicked. 

17  For  the  arms  of  the  wicked  shall  be  broken : 

but  Jehovah  upholdeth  the  righteous. 

18  (*')  Jehovah  knoweth  the  days  of  the  perfect : 

and  their  inheritance  shall  be  for  ever. 

19  They  shall  not  be  ashamed  in  the  time  of  evil ; 

and  in  the  days  of  famine  they  shall  be  satisfied. 

20  (2)  For  the  wicked  shall  perish, 

and  the  enemies  of  Jehovah  shall  be  as  the 

glory  of  the  meadows  : 
they  shall  vanish  as  smoke,  they  shall  vanish. 

21  (?)  The  wicked  borroweth,  and  payeth  not  again  : 

but  the  righteous  dealeth  graciously,  and  giveth. 

22  For  such  as  are  blessed  of  him  shall  inherit  the 

land ; 
and  they  that  are  cursed  of  him  shall  be  cut  off. 

23  (d)  A  man's  goings  are  established  of  Jehovah  ; 

and  he  delighteth  in  his  way : 

24  Though  he  fall,  he  shall  not  be  cast  headlong  : 

for  Jehovah  upholdeth  his  hand. 


I04  THE  PSALMS  [day  7 


25  I  have  been  young,  and  now  am  old  :  and  yet 
saw  I  never  the  righteous  forsaken,  nor  his  seed 
begging  their  bread. 

26  The  righteous  is  ever  merciful,  and  lendeth  : 
and  his  seed  is  blessed. 

27  Flee  from  evil,  and  do  the  thing  that  is  good  : 
and  dwell  for  evermore. 

28  For  the  Lord  loveth  the  thing  that  is  right  :  he 
forsaketh  not  his  that  be  godly,  but  they  are  preserved 
for  ever. 

29  (The    unrighteous   shall   be   punished    :)    aS    for    the 

seed  of  the  ungodly,  it  shall  be  rooted  out. 

30  The  righteous  shall  inherit  the  land  :  and  dwell 
therein  for  ever. 

31  The  mouth  of  the  righteous  is  exercised  in 
wisdom  ;  and  his  tongue  will  be  talking  of  judge- 
ment. 

32  The  law  of  his  God  is  in  his  heart  :  and  his 
goings  shall  not  slide. 

2)2,  The  ungodly  seeth  the  righteous  :  and  seeketh 
occasion  to  slay  him. 

34  The  Lord  will  not  leave  him  in  his  hand  :  nor 
condemn  him  when  he  is  judged. 

35  Hope  thou  in  the  Lord,  and  keep  his  way,  and 
he  shall  promote  thee,  that  thou  shalt  possess  the 
land  :  when  the  ungodly  shall  perish,  thou  shalt  see  it. 

36  I  myself  have  seen  the  ungodly  in  great  power  : 
and  flourishing  like  a  green  bay-tree. 

'  The  alphabetical  arrangement  is  here  interrupted.  It  may 
be  restored,  with  great  probability,  by  reading,  partly  with 
the  Sept., 

(y)    The  unrighteous  are  destroyed  for  ever, 
and  the  seed  of  the  zvuked  is  cut  off. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVII  105 


25  (j)  I  have  been  young,  and  now  am  old; 

yet  have  I  not  seen  the  righteous  forsaken, 
nor  his  seed  seeking  bread  : 

26  All  the  day  he  dealeth  graciously,  and  lendeth ; 

and  his  seed  is  blessed. 

27  (d)  Depart  from  evil,  and  do  good; 

and  (so)  dwell  for  ever. 

28  For  Jehovah  loveth  judgement, 

and  forsaketh  not  his  godly  ones. 

They  ^  are  preserved  for  ever ; 

but  the  seed  of  the  wicked  is  cut  off. 

29  The  righteous  shall  inherit  the  land, 

and  dwell  for  ever  upon  it. 

30  (d)  The  mouth  of  the  righteous  meditateth*^  wis- 

dom, 
and  his  tongue  speaketh  judgement  : 

31  The  law  of  his  God  is  in  his  heart ; 

his  goings  will  not  totter. 

32  (^f)  The  wicked  watcheth  the  righteous, 

and  seeketh  to  slay  him  : 
II  Jehovah  will  not  leave  him  in  his  hand, 
nor  condemn  him  when  he  is  judged. 

34  (p)  Wait  for  Jehovah,  and  keep  his  way, 

and  he  shall  exalt  thee  to  inherit  the  land': 
when  the  wicked  are  cut  off,  thou  shalt  see  it. 

35  (">)  I  have  seen  the  wicked  as  a  terrible  one, 

and  putting  forth  his  strength  ^  like  a  spreading 
tree,  growing  in  its  native  soil  * : 


''■  Or,  murninreth, 
^  Lit.  emptying  himself  out. 

*  Read,  perhaps,  like  a  spreading  cedar  (Sept.  has,  like  cedars 
of  Lebanon). 


Io6  THE  PSALMS       -  [day  8 

37  I  went  by,  and  lo,  he  was  gone  :  I  sought  him, 
but  (his  place)  could  no  where  be  found. 

38  Keep  innocency,  and  take  heed  unto  the  thing 
that  is  right  :  for  that  shall  bring  a  man  peace  at  the 
last. 

39  As  for  the  transgressors,  they  shall  perish  to- 
gether :  and  the  end  of  the  ungodly  is,  they  shall  be 
rooted  out  at  the  last. 

40  But  the  salvation  of  the  righteous  cometh  of  the 
Lord  :  who  is  also  their  strength  in  the  time  of 
trouble. 

41  And  the  Lord  shall  stand  by  them,  and  save 
them  :  he  shall  deliver  them  from  the  ungodly,  and 
shall  save  them,  because  they  put  their  trust  in  him. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XXXVIII.     Domine,  ne  in  furore. 

1  Put  me  not  to  rebuke,  O  Lord,  in  thine  anger  : 
neither  chasten  me  in  thy  heavy  displeasure. 

2  For  thine  arrows  stick  fast  in  me  :  and  thy  hand 
presseth  me  sore. 

3  There  is  no  health  in  my  flesh,  because  of  thy 
displeasure  :  neither  is  there  any  rest  in  my  bones,  by 
reason  of  my  sin. 

4  For  my  wickednesses  are  gone  over  my  head  :  and 
are  like  a  sore  burden,  too  heavy  for  me  to  bear. 

5  My  wounds  stink,  and  are  corrupt  :  through  my 
foolishness. 

6  I  am  brought  into  so  great  trouble  and  misery  : 
that  I  go  mourning  all  the  day  long. 

1  So  Sept.,  Syr.,  Jer.  Heb.  text  has,  he  {passed  away). 

^  Lit.   latter  end   (t.  e.  sequel,    future),    cf.    cix.    13 ;    Prov. 
xxiii.  18  (R.V.  niarg.). 

^  Cf.  Ps.  vi.  I.  ■*  The  same  verb  in  the  Heb. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVIII  IO7 

36  But  I  *  passed  by,  and,  lo,  he  was  not ; 

and  I  sought  him,  but  he  could  not  be  found. 

37  {p)  Mark  the  perfect  man,  and  behold  the  up- 

right, 
how  there  is  a  posterity  ^  to  the  man  of  peace. 

38  But  transgressors  are  destroyed  together  : 

the  posterity^  of  the  wicked  is  cut  off. 

39  (n)  But  the  salvation   of  the  righteous   is   from 

Jehovah, 
(who  is)  their  stronghold  in  the  time  of  trouble. 

40  And  Jehovah  helpeth  them,  and  delivereth  them  ; 

he  delivereth  them  from  the  wicked,  and  saveth 

them, 
because  they  have  taken  refuge  in  him. 


Psalm  XXXVIII. 

1  Jehovah,  reprove  me  not  in  thy  displeasure, 

(neither)  chasten  me  in  thy  fury  ^ 

2  For  thine  arrows  have  gone  down  *  into  me, 

thy  hand  also  hath  come  down  *  upon  me. 

3  There  is  no  soundness  in  my  flesh,  because  of 

thine  indignation ; 
there  is  no  wholeness  in  my  bones,  because  of 
my  sin. 

4  For  mine  iniquities  are  gone  over  my  head ; 

like  a  heavy  burden  they  are  too  heavy  for  me. 

5  My  weals  stink,  (and)  fester, 

because  of  my  foolishness. 

6  I  am  bent,  I  bow  down  exceedingly; 

I  go  in  dark  attire  ^  all  the  day. 

^  Or,  squalidly,  with  allusion  to  the  dark-coloured  sackcloth 
worn  by  mourners  in  the  East,  the  dust  and  ashes  on  the  head, 
&c.  The  same  word  is  used  of  a  turbid  stream,  Job  vi.  16, 
and  of  a  leaden-coloured,  '  black  '  sky,  i  Kings  xviii.  45  ;  Is.  1.  3. 


Io8  THE   PSALMS  [daY  8 


7  For  my  loins  are  filled  with  a  sore  disease  :  and 
there  is  no  whole  part  in  my  body. 

8  I  am  feeble,  and  sore  smitten  :  I  have  roared  for 
the  very  disquietness  of  my  heart. 

9  Lord,  thou  knowest  all  my  desire  :  and  my 
groaning  is  not  hid  from  thee. 

10  My  heart  panteth,  my  strength  hath  failed  me  : 
and  the  sight  of  mine  eyes  is  gone  from  me. 

1 1  My  lovers  and  my  neighbours  did  stand  looking 
upon  my  trouble  :  and  my  kinsmen  stood  afar  off. 

12  They  also  that  sought  after  my  life  laid  snares 
for  me  :  and  they  that  went  about  to  do  me  evil 
talked  of  wickedness,  and  imagined  deceit  all  the  day 
long. 

13  As  for  me,  I  was  like  a  deaf  man,  and  heard 
not  :  and  as  one  that  is  dumb,  who  doth  not  open 
his  mouth. 

14  I  became  even  as  a  man  that  heareth  not  :  and 
in  whose  mouth  are  no  reproofs. 

15  For  in  thee,  O  Lord,  have  I  put  my  trust  :  thou 
shalt  answer  for  me,  O  Lord  my  Gqd. 

16  I  have  required  that  they,  (even  mine  enemies,) 
should  not  triumph  over  me  :  for  when  my  foot  slipped, 
they  rejoiced  greatly  against  me. 

17  And  I,  truly,  am  set  in  the  plague  :  and  my 
heaviness  is  ever  in  my  sight. 

18  For  I  will  confess  my  wickedness  :  and  be  sorry 
for  my  sin. 

19  But  mine  enemie's  live,  and  are  mighty  :  and 
they  that  hate  me  wrongfully  are  many  in  number. 


1  Cf.  xxxix.  10.  ^  Lit.  my  evil  (cf.  xxxv.  4,  26). 

"  Or,  Murmur,  mutter. 

*  ».  e.  am  on  the  verge  of  calamity  ;  cf.  xxxv.  15. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXVIII  I09 

7  For  my  loins  are  filled  with  burning  ; 

and  there  is  no  soundness  in  my  flesh. 

8  I  am  benumbed,  and  crushed  exceedingly  : 

I  roar  by  reason  of  the  moaning  of  my  heart. 

9  Lord,  all  my  desire  is  before  thee ; 

and  my  sighing  is  not  hid  from  thee, 

10  My  heart  throbbeth,  my  strength  hath  forsaken 

me; 
and  the  light  of  mine  eyes,  even  theirs',  is  not 
with  me. 

11  My  lovers  and  my  friends  stand  aloof  from  my 

stroke ' ; 
and  my  neighbours  stand  afar  off. 
1 7.  They  also  that  seek  my  soul  lay  snares  (for  me) : 
and  they  that   seek   after  my  hurt  ^   speak   of 

engulfing  ruin, 
and  meditate  ^  deceits  all  the  day. 

13  But  I  am  like  a  deaf  man,  I  hear  not, 

and  like  one  that  is  dumb,  who  doth  not  open 
his  mouth. 

14  Yea,  I  am  become  as  a  man  that  heareth  not, 

and  in  whose  mouth  are  no  replies. 

15  For  in  thee,  Jehovah,  do  I  hope  : 

thou  wilt  answer,  O  Lord  my  God. 

16  For  I  said,  '  Lest  they  rejoice  over  me : 

'when  my  loot  is  moved,  they  magnify  themx- 
selves  against  me.' 

1 7  For  I  am  ready  to  halt  *, 

and  my  pain  is  continually  in  my  sight. 

18  For  I  declare  mine  iniquity  ; 

I  am  anxious  by  reason  of  my  sin. 

19  And  mine  enemies,  being  alive  ^  are  mighty  "; 

and  they  that  hate  me  lyingly  are  multiplied. 

^  Read,  with  most  moderns,  And  they  that  are  mine  enemies 
without  cause  (cf.  Ixix.  4). 
^  Or,  numerous. 


no  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  8 


20  They  also  that  reward  evil  for  good  are  against 
me  :  because  I  follow  the  thing  that  good  is. 

21  Forsake  me  not,  O  Lord  my  God  :  be  not  thou 
far  from  me. 

22  Haste  thee  to  help  me  :  O  Lord  (God)  of  my 
salvation. 


Psalm  XXXIX.     Dixi,  custodiam. 

1  I  said,  I  will  take  heed  to  my  ways  :  that  I  offend 
not  in  my  tongue. 

2  I  will  keep  my  mouth  as  it  were  with  a  bridle  : 
while  the  ungodly  is  in  my  sight. 

3  I  held  my  tongue,  and  spake  nothing  :  I  kept 
silence,  yea,  even  from  good  words ;  but  it  was  pain 
and  grief  to  me. 

4  My  heart  was  hot  within  me,  and  while  I  was 
thus  musing  the  fire  kindled  :  and  [at  the  last]  I  spake 
with  my  tongue ; 

5  Lord,  let  me  know  mine  end,  and  the  number  of 
my  days  :  that  I  may  be  certified  how  long  I  ha\  e  to 
live. 

6  Behold,  thou  hast  made  my  days  as  it  were  a  span 
long  :  and  mine  age  is  even  as  nothing  in  respect 
of  thee;  and  verily  every  man  living  is  altogether 
vanity. 

7  For  man  walketh  in  a  vain  shadow,  and  dis- 
quieteth  himself  in  vain  :  he  heapeth  up  riches,  and 
cannot  tell  who  shall  gather  them. 


^  Or,  accuse.     It  is  the  verb  from  which  the  name  'Satan' 
is  derived.     Cf.  Ixxi.  13,  cix.  4,  20,  29, 
^  Cf.  xxxiv.  14. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XXXIX  III 

20  They  also  that  repay  evil  for  good 

(maliciously)  oppose^  me,   because  I  pursue'"* 
good. 

21  Forsake  me  not,  Jehovah  ; 

O  my  God,  be  not  far  from  me. 

22  Haste  thee  to  help  me, 

0  Lord,  my  salvation. 

Psalm  XXXIX. 

T  I  said,  *  I  will  keep  my  ways, 

'  that  I  sin  not  with  my  tongue  ; 
'  I  will  keep  a  muzzle  to  my  mouth, 
'  while  the  wicked  is  in  my  sight.' 

2  I  was  dumb  in  stillness,  I  was  silent  even  from 

good  ^ ; 
but  my  pain  was  stirred. 

3  My  heart  was  hot  within  me ; 

while  I  meditated  the  fire  kindled : 

1  spake  with  my  tongue  : 

4  »'  Jehovah,  make  me  to  know  mine  end, 

'  and  the  measure  of  my  days,  what  it  is  ; 
'  let  me  know  how  frail  *  I  am. 

5  '  Behold,    thou    hast    made    my   days   as   hand- 

breadths  ; 
'  and  my  time  is  as  nothing  in  thy  sight : 
'surely  every  man,  (though)  standing  firm,  is 

altogether  vanity  ^ 

6  *  Surely  as  a  (mere)  semblance  doth  man  walk  to 

and  fro ; 
'  surely  for  vanity  ^  are  they  in  turmoil ; 
'  he  heapeth  up  (riches),  and  knoweth  not  who 

shall  gather  them.' 

'  Or,  and  had  no  comfort.     Heb.  away  from  good. 

*  Or,  sliort-lived.     Heb.  ceasing. 

'  Or,  a  breath  (Is.  Ivii.  13)  ;  cf.  Ps.  Ixii.  9,  Jas.  iv.  14. 


112  THE   PSALMS  [day  8 

8  And  now,  Lord,  what  is  my  hope  :  truly  my  hope 
is  even  in  thee. 

9  Dehver  me  from  all  mine  offences  :  and  make  me 
not  a  rebuke  unto  the  foolish. 

10  I  became  dumb,  and  opened  not  my  mouth  : 
for  it  was  thy  doing. 

11  Take  thy  plague  away  from  me  :  I  am  even 
consumed  by  the  means  of  thy  heavy  hand. 

12  When  thou  with  rebukes  dost  chasten  man  for 
sin,  thou  makest  his  beauty  to  consume  away,  like  as 
it  were  a  moth  [fretting  a  garment]  :  every  man  there- 
fore is  but  vanity. 

13  Hear  my  prayer,  O  Lord,  and  with  thine  ears 
consider  my  calling  :  hold  not  thy  peace  at  my  tears. 

14  For  I  am  a  stranger  with  thee  :  and  a  sojourner, 
as  all  my  fathers  were. 

15  O  spare  me  a  little,  that  I  may  recover  my 
strength  :  before  I  go  hence,  and  be  no  more  seen. 

Psalm  XL.     Expedans  expectavi. 

1  I  waited  patiently  for  the  Lord  :  and  he  inclined 
unto  me,  and  heard  my  calling. 

2  He  brought  me  also  out  of  the  horrible  pit,  out 
of  the  mire  and  clay  :  and  set  my  feet  upon  the  rock, 
and  ordered  my  goings. 

3  And  he  hath  put  a  new  song  in  my  mouth  :  even 
a  thanksgiving  unto  our  God. 

'  4  Many  shall  see  it,  and  fear  :  and  shall  put  their 
trust  in  the  Lord. 

5  Blessed  is  the  man  that  hath  set  his  hope  in  the 
Lord  :  and  turned  not  unto  the  proud,  and  to  such  as 
go  about  with  lies. 

^  »'.  e.  the  attractiveness  of  his  person ;   cf.  Is.  liii.  2. 
*  Or,  a  breath. 

•*  Technical  terms  for  foreigners  resident  in  Israel,  whose 
position  and  rights  were   dependent   upon  the  favour  of  the 


BOOK  l]  PSALM  XL  TI3 

7  And  now,  what  wait  I  for,  O  Lord  ? 

my  hope  is  in  thee. 

8  Dehver  me  from  all  my  transgressions  : 

make  me  not  the  reproach  of  the  senseless. 

9  I  am  dumb,  I  will  not  open  my  mouth ; 

because  thou  hast  done  (it). 

10  Remove  thy  stroke  from  off  me  : 

by  the  hostility  of  thine  hand  I  am  consumed. 

1 1  With  reproofs  for  iniquity  thou  chastenest  man^ 

and  like  a  moth  makest  his  desirableness  ^  to 

melt  away : 
surely  every  man  is  vanity  ^ 

1 2  Hear  my  prayer,  Jehovah,  and  give  ear  unto  my  cry; 

keep  not  silence  at  my  tears  : 
for  I  am  a  sojourner  *  with  thee, 
a  settler  ^,  as  all  my  fathers  were. 

1 3  Look  away  from  me,  that  I  may  be  cheered  again  *, 

before  I  go  (hence),  and  be  no  more. 

Psalm  XL. 

1  I  waited  waitingly  for  Jehovah  ; 

and  he  inclined  unto  me,  and  heard  my  cry. 

2  And  he  brought  me  up  out  of  the  roaring  pit,  out 

of  the  miry  clay, 
and  set  my  feet  upon  a  crag,  making  firm  my 
goings. 

3  And  he  put  a  new  song  in  my  mouthy  (even)  praise 

unto  our  God  : 
many  shall  see,  and  fear, 
and  shall  trust  in  Jehovah. 

4  Happy  is  the  man  that  hath  made  Jehovah  his  trust, 

and  hath  not  turned  toward  the  proud,  or  to 
such  as  fall  away  treacherously  ^ 

native  Israelites.     Cf.  Gen.  xxiii.  4,  i  Chr.  xxix.  15. 

■*  Lit.   brighten  up   (in  countenance)  ;    cf.  Job  x.  20  (R.V. 
marff.),  and  xiv.  6. 

^  Or,  to  false  apostates. 

I 


114  ^-^^   PSALMS  [day  8 

6  O  Lord  my  God,  great  are  the  wondrous  works 
which  thou  hast  done,  hke  as  be  also  thy  thoughts 
which  are  to  us-ward  :  and  yet  there  is  no  man  that 
ordereth  them  unto  thee. 

7  If  I  should  declare  them,  and  speak  of  them  : 
they  should  be  more  than  I  am  able  to  express. 

8  Sacrifice,  and  meat-offering,  thou  wouldest  not  : 
but  mine  ears  hast  thou  opened. 

9  Burnt-offerings,  and  sacrifice  for  sin,  hast  thou 
not  required  :  then  said  I,  Lo,  I  come, 

ID  In  the  volume  of  the  book  it  is  written  of  me, 
that  I  should  fulfil  thy  will,  O  my  God  :  I  am  content 
to  do  it ;  yea,  thy  law  is  within  my  heart. 

Ill  have  declared  thy  righteousness  in  the  great 
congregation  :  lo,  I  will  not  refrain  my  lips,  O  Lord, 
and  that  thou  knowest. 

12  I  have  not  hid  thy  righteousness  within  my 
heart  :  my  talk  hath  been  of  thy  truth,  and  of  thy 
salvation. 

13  I  have  not  kept  back  thy  loving  mercy  and 
truth  :  from  the  great  congregation. 

14  Withdraw  not  thou  thy  mercy  from  me,  O  Lord  : 
let  thy  loving-kindness  and  thy  truth  alway  preserve 
me. 


15  For  innumerable  troubles  are  come  about  me; 
my  sins  have  taken  such  hold  upon  me  that  I  am  not 
able  to  look  up  :  yea,  they  are  more  in  number  than 
the  hairs  of  my  head,  and  my  heart  hath  failed  me. 

16  O  Lord,  let  it  be  'thy  pleasure  to  deliver  me  : 
make  haste,  O  Lord,  to  help  me. 

^  Or,  there  is  no  setting  them  forth  unto  thee. 
*  i.  e.  thou  hast  given  me  the  means  of  hearing,  and  obeying. 
'  Digged,'  with  reference  to  the  shape  of  the  ear. 


"5 


BOOK  l]      ■  PSALM  XL 

5  Many  things  hast  thou  done,  O  Jehovah,  my  God, 

(even)  thy  wondrous  works  and   thy  thoughts 

towards  us ; 
there  is  none  to  be  compared  unto  thee  ^ ; 
if  I  would  declare  and  speak  (of  them), 
they  are  more  than  can  be  told. 

6  Sacrifice  and  meal-offering  thou  hast  no  delight  in; 

ears  hast  thou  digged  for  me  "^ : 
burnt-offering   and   sin-offering   thou   hast   not 
asked  : 

7  Then  said  I,  '  Lo,  I  am  come ; 

'  in  the  roll  of  the  book  it  is  prescribed  to  me  : 

8  '  I  delight  to  do  thy  pleasure,  O  my  God  ; 

'  and  thy  law  is  in  my  inmost  parts.' 

9  I  have  proclaimed  glad  tidings  of  righteousness  in 

the  great  congregation  ^ ; 

lo,  my  lips  I  will  not  restrain, 

Jehovah,  thou  knowest. 
ID  I  have  not  hid  thy  righteousness  within  my  heart; 

I  have  affirmed  thy  faithfulness  and  thy  salva- 
tion : 

I  have  not  concealed   thy   kindness   and  thy 
truth  from  the  great  congregation  \ 

11  Thou,  Jehovah,  wilt  not  restrain  thy  compassions 

from  me : 
let  thy  kindness  and  thy  truth  continually  pre- 
serve me. 

12  For  innumerable  evils  have  encompassed  me, 

mine  iniquities  have  overtaken  me,  and  I  can- 
not see  ; 

they  are  more  in  number  than  the  hairs  of  my 
head,  and  my  heart  hath  forsaken  me. 
13*  Be  pleased,  Jehovah,  to  deliver  me; 

Jehovah,  haste  thee  to  help  me. 

^  Cf.  XXXV.  18. 

*  Vv.  13-17,  with   slight   differences,    appear  in  an   inde- 
pendent form,  as  Ps.  Ixx. 

I  2 


Il6  THE   PSALMS  [day  8 

1 7  Let  them  be  ashamed,  and  confounded  together, 
that  seek  after  my  soul  to  destroy  it :  let  them  be  driven 
backward,  and  put  to  rebuke,  that  wish  me  evil. 

1 8  Let  them  be  desolate,  and  rewarded  with  shame  : 
that  say  unto  me.  Fie  upon  thee,  fie  upon  thee. 

19  Let  all  those  that  seek  thee  be  joyful  and  glad 
in  thee  :  and  let  such  as  love  thy  salvation  say  alway, 
The  Lord  be  praised. 

20  As  for  me,  I  am  poor  and  needy  :  but  the  Lord 
careth  for  me. 

21  Thou  art  my  helper  and  redeemer  :  make  no 
long  tarrying,  O  my  God. 


EVENING  PRAYER. 


Psalm  XLI.     Beatus  qui  intelligit. 

1  Blessed  is  he  that  considereth  the  poor  (and 
needy;  :  the  Lord  shall  deliver  him  in  the  time  of 
trouble. 

2  The  Lord  preserve  him,  and  keep  him  alive,  that 
he  may  be  blessed  upon  earth  :  and  deliver  not  thou 
him  into  the  will  of  his  enemies. 

3  The  Lord  comfort  him,  when  he  lieth  sick  upon 
his  bed  :  make  thou  all  his  bed  in  his  sickness. 


4  I  said.  Lord,  be  merciful  unto  me  :  heal  my  sotil, 
for  I  have  sinned  against  thee. 


^  Cf.  XXXV.  4,  26. 

"^  i.  e.  the  disgrace  falling  upon  them. 

^  Or,  perhaps,  the  ivcakly.     Properly,  thin,  reduced, — usually 
by  poverty  (see  Glossary  I),  here  perhaps  by  sickness. 


BOOK  l]  PSALM   XLl  II7 

14  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  abashed  together,  that 

seek  my  soul  to  sweep  it  away ; 
let  them  retreat  backward  and  be  brought  to 
confusion,  that  delight  in  my  hurt  \ 

15  Let  them  be  appalled  by  reason  of  their  shame  ^, 

that  say  unto  me,  Aha,  aha. 
J  6  Let  all  those  that  seek  thee  be  joyful  and  glad 
in  thee  ; 

let  such  as  love  thy  salvation  say  continually, 

'  Jehovah  be  magnified.' 
1 7  But  I  am  poor  and  needy  ; 

the  Lord  thinketh  of  me  : 

thou  art  my  help  and  my  deliverer  ; 

O  my  God,  make  no  tarrying. 


Psalm  XLL 

1  Happy  is  he  that  considereth  the  poor  ^ : 

Jehovah  will  deliver  him  in  the  day  of  evil. 

2  Jehovah   will  preserve  him,  and  keep  him  alive, 

and  '  he  shall  be  called  happy  in  the  land  ; 
and  give  not  thou  him  over  unto  the  greed  of 
his  enemies ''. 

3  Jehovah    will    support    him   upon    the    couch    of 

illness  : 
all  his  lying  down  thou  turnest  in  his  sickness ". 

4  As  for  me,  I  said,  'Jehovah,  be  gracious  unto  me; 

'  heal  my  soul,  for  I  have  sinned  against  thee.' 


*  So  Heb.  marg.     Heb.  text  has  no  '  and.' 

^  Cf.  Ps.  xxvii.  12. 

^  i.  e.   thou   turnest    his   sickness    into    health ;    '  turn,'    as 

.'CXX.    II. 


Il8  THE  PSALMS  [day  8 

5  Mine  enemies  speak  evil  of  me  :  When  shall  he 
die,  and  his  name  perish  ? 

6  And  if  he  come  to  see  me,  he  speaketh  vanity  : 
and  his  heart  conceiveth  falsehood  within  himself,  and 
when  he  cometh  forth  he  telleth  it. 

7  All  mine  enemies  whisper  together  against  me  : 
even  against  me  do  they  imagine  this  evil. 

8  Let  the  sentence  of  guiltiness  proceed  against 
him  :  and  now  that  he  lieth,  let  him  rise  up  no  more. 

9  Yea,  even  mine  own  familiar  friend,  whom  I 
trusted  :  who  did  also  eat  of  my  bread,  hath  laid 
great  wait  for  me. 

10  But  be  thou  merciful  unto  me,  O  Lord  :  raise 
thou  me  up  again,  and  I  shall  reward  them. 

11  By  this  I  know  thou  favourest  me  :  that  mine 
enemy  doth  not  triumph  against  me. 

12  And  when  I  am  in  my  health,  thou  upholdest 
me  :  and  shalt  set  me  before  thy  face  for  ever, 

13  Blessed  be  the  Lord  God  of  Israel  :  world  with- 
out end.     Amen. 


Psalm  XLIL     Qimjiadinoduin. 

I  Like  as  the  hart  desireth  the  water-brooks  :  so 
longeth  my  soul  after  thfie,  O  God. 

^  Lit.  unreality  ;  i.  e.  unreal,  hypocritical  sympathy. 
'  ».  e.    malicious   hopes    that    the    Psalmist's   illness    would 
terminate  fatally. 

^  Fig.  for,  has  fast  hold  of  him.     Or,  is  infused  into  him. 


BOOK  ll]  PSALM  XLII  II9 

5  Mine  enemies  speak  evil  of  me,  (saying,) 

'When  will  he  die,  and  his  name  perish?' 

6  And   if  one   (of  them)   come   to   see   (me),   he 

speaketh  insincerity  ^ : 
his  heart  gathereth  naughtiness  "^  to  itself; 
he  goeth  abroad,  (and)  speaketh  of  it. 

7  All  they  that  hate  me  whisper  together  against  me ; 

against  me  do  they  imagine  evil  for  me : 

8  '  Some  deadly  thing,'  (say  they,)  '  is  molten  firm 

upon  him  ^ ; 
*  and  now  that  he  lieth,  he  will  rise  up  no  more.' 

9  Yea,  the  man  that  was  at  peace  with  me  *,  in  whom 

I  trusted,  who  did  eat  of  my  bread, 
hath  made  great  the  heel  against  me  ^ 

10  But  thou,  Jehovah,  be   gracious    unto   me,  and 

raise  me  up, 
that  I  may  repay  them. 

11  By  this  I  know  that  thou  delightest  in  me, 

that  mine  enemy  doth  not  shout  (in  triumph) 
over  me. 

12  But  as  for  me,  because  of  my  perfectness  thou 

boldest  me  fast, 
and  settest  me  before  thy  face  for  ever. 

13  Blessed^  be  Jehovah,  the  God  of  Israel, 

from  everlasting  and  to  everlasting. 
Amen  and  Amen. 

BOOK  II 
Psalm  XLII. 

I  As  a  hind  which  longeth  after  the  water-brooks, 
so  longeth  my  soul  after  thee,  O  God. 

*  Cf.  Jer.  XX.  10  (Heb.),  xxxviii.  22,  Ob.  7  ;  also  Ps.  Iv.  20. 
^  i.  e.  endeavoured  strenuously  to  trip  me  up. 
^  V.  13  does  not  belong  to  Ps.  xli,  but  is  the  doxology  form- 
ing the  subscription  to  Book  I  of  the  Psalms. 


I20 


THE  PSALMS  [day  8 


2  My  soul  is  athirst  for  God,  yea,  even  for  the 
living  God  :  when  shall  I  come  to  appear  before  the 
presence  of  God  ? 

3  My  tears  have  been  my  meat  day  and  night  : 
while  they  daily  say  unto  me,  Where  is  now  thy 
God? 

4  Now  when  I  think  thereupon,  I  pour  out  my 
heart  by  myself  :  for  I  went  with  the  multitude,  and 
brought  them  forth  into  the  house  of  God ; 


5  In  the  voice  of  praise  and  thanksgiving  :  among 
such  as  keep  holy-day. 

6  Why  art  thou  so  full  of  heaviness,  O  my  soul  : 
and  why  art  thou  so  disquieted  within  me  ? 

7  Put  thy  trust  in  God  :  for  I  will  yet  give  him 
thanks  for  the  help  of  his  countenance. 

8  My  God,  my  soul  is  vexed  within  me  :  therefore 
will  I  remember  thee  concerning  the  land  of  Jordan, 
and  the  little  hill  of  Hermon. 

9  One  deep  calleth  another,  because  of  the  noise 
of  the  water-pipes  :  all  thy  waves  and  storms  are  gone 
over  me. 

10  The  Lord  hath  granted  his  loving-kindness  in 
the  day-time  :  and  in  the  night-season  did  I  sing  of 
him,  and  made  my  prayer  unto  the  God  of  my  life. 

Ill  will  say  unto  the  God  of  my  strength,  Why 
hast  thou  forgotten  me  :  why  go  I  thus  heavily,  while 
the  enemy  oppresseth  me  ? 

12  My  bones  are  smitten  asunder  as  with  a  sword  : 
while  mine  enemies  (that  trouble  me^  cast  me  in  the  teeth ; 

1  Or,  with  other  points,  see  the  face  of  God  {i.e.  come  before 
God  as  a  sovereign  ;  cf.  Gen.  xxxii.  20,  xliii.  3.  2  Sam.  xiv.  24I. 
^  i.e.  here,  my  feelings;  cf.  Glossary  I  ('  soul'  and  'upon'). 
^  Read  rather,  with  other  points,  and  had  Ihent  solemnly. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLII  121 

2  My  soul  is  athirst  for  God,  for  the  living  God : 

'When  shall  I  come  and  appear  in  the  presence 
of  God^?' 

3  My  tears  have  been  my  bread  day  and  night, 

while  they  say  unto  me  all  the  day,  '  Where  is 
thy  God  ? ' 

4  These  things  will  I  remember,  and  pour  out  my 

soul  "^  upon  me, 

(namely,)  how  I  used  to  pass  on  with  the  crowd  (?), 
and  go  solemnly  with  (?)  them^  unto  the  house 
of  God, 

with  the  sound  of  a  ringing  cry  and  of  thanks- 
giving, a  multitude  on  pilgrimage. 

5  Why  art  thou  cast  down,  O  my  soul  ? 

and  (why)  moauest  thou  upon  me  ? 

hope  thou  in  God  ;  for  I  shall  yet  thank  him, 

(which  is)  the  salvation  of  my  countenance  *. 

6  O  my  God,  my  soul  upon  me  is  cast  down  : 

therefore  do  I  remember  thee  from  the  land  of 

Jordan, 
and  the  Hermons,  from  the  mountain  of  Mizar. 

7  Deep  calleth  unto  deep  at  the  sound  of  thy  water- 

spouts ■'  : 
all  thy  billows  and  thy  waves  are  gone  over  me. 

8  By  day  will  Jehovah  command  his  kindness, 

and  in  the  night  his  song  shall  be  with  me, 
(even)  a  prayer  unto  the  God  of  my  life. 

9  I  will  say  unto  God  my  crag,  '  Why  hast  thou 

forgotten  me  ? 
'Why  go  I  in  dark  attire '^  amidst  the  oppression 
of  the  enemy  ? ' 
TO  As  with  a  battering  in  my  bones  mine  adversaries 
reproach  me; 


*  So  Sept.,  Pesh.,  and  nearly  all  moderns;  cf.  v.  ii, 
xliii.  5  (and  my  God  should  also,  probably,  be  added).  The, 
Heb.  text  has,  {even)  the  salvation  of  his  countenance. 

=  Or,  cataracts.  ^  See  on  xxxviii.  6. 


122  THE   PSALMS  [daY  8 

13  Namely,  while  they  say  daily  unto  me  :  Where 
is  now  thy  God  ? 

14  Why  art  thou  so  vexed,  O  my  soul  :  and  why  art 
thou  so  disquieted  within  me  ? 

15  O  put  thy  trust  in  God  :  for  I  will  yet  thank 
him,  which  is  the  help  of  my  countenance,  and  my 
God. 


Psalm  XLIII.    Judica  me,  JDeus. 

1  Give  sentence  with  me,  O  God,  and  defend  my 
cause  against  the  ungodly  people  :  O  deliver  me  from 
the  deceitful  and  wicked  man. 

2  For  thou  art  the  God  of  my  strength,  why  hast 
thou  put  me  from  thee  :  and  why  go  I  so  heavily, 
while  the  enemy  oppresseth  me  ? 

3  O  send  out  thy  light  and  thy  truth,  that  they  may 
lead  me  :  and  bring  me  unto  thy  holy  hill,  and  to  thy 
dwelling.- 

4  And  that  I  may  go  unto  the  altar  of  God,  even 
unto  the  God  of  my  joy  and  gladness  :  and  upon  the 
harp  will  I  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  God,  my  God. 

5  Why  art  thou  so  heavy,  O  my  soul  :  and  why  art 
thou  so  disquieted  within  me  ? 

6  O  put  thy  trust  in  God  :  for  I  will  yet  give  him 
thanks,  which  is  the  help  of  my  countenance,  and  my 
God. 


^  Ps.  xliii  forms  really  the  concluding  part  of  Ps.  xlii,  from 
which  by  some  accident  it  has  been  incorrectly  separated. 
Notice  the  same  refrain  xlii.  5,  11,  xliii.  5. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLIII  I23 

while  they  say  unto  me  all  the  day,  '  Where  is 
thy  God?' 
1 1  Why  art  thou  cast  down,  O  my  soul  ? 
and  why  meanest  thou  upon  me  ? 
hope  thou  in  God  ;  for  I  shall  yet  thank  him, 
(which  is)  the  salvation  of  my  countenance,  and 
my  God. 


Psalm  XLIir. 

1  Judge  me,  O  God,  and  plead  my  cause  (so  as  to 

rescue  me)  from  ^  an  ungodly®  nation  ; 
O  deliver  me  from  the  deceitful  and  unrighteous 
man. 

2  For  thou  art  the  God  who  is  my  stronghold ;  why 

hast  thou  cast  me  off? 
why  go  I  about  in  dark  attire  amidst  the  oppres- 
sion of  the  enemy  ? 

3  O  send  forth  thy  light  and  thy  truth ;  let  them 

lead  me : 
let  them  bring  me  unto  thy  holy  mountain,  and 
unto  thy  dwelling-places ; 

4  That  I  may  come  in  unto  the  altar  of  God, 

(even)  unto  God,  the  gladness  of  my  joy  ; 
and  upon  the  harp  will  I  give  thanks  unto  thee, 
O  God,  my  God. 

5  Why  art  thou  cast  down,  O  my  soul  ? 

.  and  why  moanest  thou  upon  me  ? 
hope  thou  in  God ;  for  I  shall  yet  thank  him, 
(which  is)  the  salvation  of  my  countenance,  and 
my  God. 


^  Cf.  I  Sam.  XXV.  39,  2  Sam.  xviii.  19  (R.V.  niarg^. 
^  Or,  unkind. 


124  THE   PSALMS  [day  9 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XLIV.     Dens,  aiiribus. 

1  We  have  heard  with  our  ears,  O  God,  our  fathers 
have  told  us  :  what  thou  hast  done  in  their  time  of 
old; 

2  How  thou  hast  driven  out  the  heathen  with  thy 
hand,  and  planted  them  in  :  how  thou  hast  destroyed 
the  nations,  and  cast  them  out. 

3  For  they  gat  not  the  land  in  possession  through 
their  own  sword  :  neither  was  it  their  own  arm  that 
helped  them ; 

4  But  thy  right  hand,  and  thine  arm,  and  the  light 
of  thy  countenance  :  because  thou  hadst  a  favour  unto 
them. 

5  Thou  art  my  King,  O  God  :  send  help  unto 
Jacob. 

6  Through  thee  will  we  overthrow  our  enemies  : 
and  in  thy  Name  will  we  tread  them  under,  that  rise 
up  against  us. 

7  For  I  will  not  trust  in  my  bow  :  it  is  not  my  sword 
that  shall  help  me  ; 

8  But  it  is  thou  that  savest  us  from  our  enemies  : 
and  puttest  them  to  confusion  that  hate  us. 

9  We  make  our  boast  of  God  all  day  long  :  and  will 
praise  thy  Name  for  ever. 

10  But  now  thou  art  far  off,  and  puttest  us  to 
confusion  :  and  goest  not  forth  with  our  armies. 

11  Thou  makest  us  to  turn  our  backs  upon  our 
enemies  :  so  that  they  which  hate  us  spoil  our  goods. 

»  Cf.  Hab.  i.  5. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLIV  I25 


Psalm  XLIV. 

1  O  God,  we  have  heard  with  our  ears, 

our  fathers  have  told  us  : 

a  work  ^  thou  workedst  in  their  days, 

in  the  days  of  old. 

2  Thou  with  thy  hand  didst  dispossess  nations,  and 

plantedst  them  in ; 
thou  didst  afflict  the  peoples,  and  cause  them^  to 
spread  out. 

3  For  not  by  their  own  sword  did  they  get  the  land 

in  possession, 
neither  did  their  own  arm  save  them ; 
but  thy  right  hand,  and  thine  arm,  and  the  light 

of  thy  countenance, 
because  thou  hadst  a  favour  unto  them. 

4  Thou  art  my  King,  O  God  : 

O  command  the  salvations  of  Jacob. 

5  Through  thee  we  can  butt  our  adversaries  ; 

in  thy  name  we  can  tread  them  under,  that  rise 
up  against  us. 

6  For  not  in  my  bow  do  I  trust, 

neither  can  my  sword  save  me  ; 

7  But  thou  hast  saved  us  from  our  adversaries, 

and  hast  put  to  shame  them  that  hated  us. 

8  Of  God  have  we  made  our  boast  all  the  day, 

and  we  will  give  thanks  unto  thy  name  for  ever. 

9  And  yet  thou  hast  cast  off,  and  brought  us  to  con- 

fusion, 
and  goest  not  forth  with  our  hosts. 
10  Thou  makest  us  to  turn  back  from  the  adversary  : 
and  they  which  hate  us  plunder  at  their  will. 

"  i.e.  Israel  ;    cf.  Ps.  Ixxx.  11. 


126  THE   PSALMS  [daY  9 

12  Thou  lettest  us  be  eaten  up  like  sheep  :  and 
hast  scattered  us  among  the  heathen. 

13  Thou  sellest  thy  people  for  nought  :  and  takest 
no  money  for  them. 

14  Thou  makest  us  to  be  rebuked  of  our  neigh- 
bours :  to  be  laughed  to  scorn,  and  had  in  derision  of 
them  that  are  round  about  us. 

15  Thou  makest  us  to  be  a  by-word  among  the 
heathen  :  and  that  the  people  shake  their  heads  at  us. 

16  My  confusion  is  daily  before  me  :  and  the 
shame  of  my  face  hath  covered  me  ; 

1 7  For  the  voice  of  the  slanderer  and  blasphemer  : 
for  the  enemy  and  avenger. 


18  And  though  all  this  be  come  upon  us,  yet  do 
we  not  forget  thee  :  nor  behave  ourselves  frowardly  in 
thy  covenant. 

19  Our  heart  is  not  turned  back  :  neither  our  steps 
gone  out  of  thy  way  ; 

20  No,  not  when  thou  hast  smitten  us  into  the 
place  of  dragons  :  and  covered  us  with  the  shadow  of 
death. 

2 1  If  we  have  forgotten  the  Name  of  our  God,  and 
holden  up  our  hands  to  any  strange  god  :  shall  not 
God  search  it  out?  for  he  knoweth  the  very  secrets 
of  the  heart. 

2  2  For  thy  sake  also  are  we  killed  all  the  day  long  : 
and  are  counted  as  sheep  appointed  to  be  slain. 


23  Up,  Lord,  why  sleepest  thou  :  awake,  and  be 
not  absent  from  us  for  ever. 

24  Wherefore  hidest  thou  thy  face  :  and  forgettest 
our  misery  and  trouble  ? 


^  Or,  hast  not  set  their  prices  high. 
*  Cf.  Ixxix.  4. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLIV  I27 


1 1  Thou  makest  us  like  sheep  appointed  for  food, 

and  hast  scattered  us  among  the  nations. 

1 2  Thou  sellest  thy  people  for  no-wealth, 

and  hast  not  gained  by  their  prices  \ 

13  Thou  makest  us  a  reproach  to  our  neighbours, 

a  mockery  and  a  derision  unto  them  that  are 
round  about  us  ^. 

14  Thou  makest  us  a  proverb  '  among  the  nations, 

a  shaking  of  the  head  among  the  peoples. 

15  All  the  day  my  confusion  is  before  me, 

and  the  shame  of  my  face  hath  covered  me, 

16  For  the  voice  of  him  that  reproacheth  and  blas- 

phemeth, 
by  reason  of  the  enemy  and  the  revengeful. 

1 7  All  this  is  come  upon  us ;  yet  have  we  not  for- 

gotten thee, 
neither  have  we  been  false  to  thy  covenant. 

18  Our  heart  hath  not  drawn  backward, 

neither  have  our  steps  declined  from  thy  path ; 

19  That  thou  shouldst  have  crushed  us  into  a  place 

of  jackals  *, 
and  covered  us  with  deathly  gloom. 

20  If  we  had  forgotten  the  name  of  our  God, 

or  spread  forth  our  hands  to  a  strange  god ; 

21  Would  not  God  search  this  out  ? 

for  he  knoweth  the  secrets  of  the  heart. 

22  (Nay,)  but  for  thy  sake  are  we  killed  all  the  day  ; 

we  are  counted  as  sheep  for  the  slaughter. 

23  Arouse  thyself  !  why  sleepest  thou,  O  Lord? 

awake,  cast  not  off  for  ever  ! 

24  Why  hidest  thou  thy  face, 

(and)  forgettest  our  affliction  and  our  oppres- 
sion ? 


^  Deut.  xxviii.  37. 

*  i.  e.  a  place  of  ruin  and  desolation  :  see  Jer.  ix.  1 1,  x.  22. 


128  THE   PSALMS  [daY  9 

25  For  our  soul  is  brought  low,  even  unto  the  dust : 
our  belly  cleaveth  unto  the  ground. 

26  Arise,  and   help  us   :  and   deliver  us  for  thy 
mercy's  sake. 


Psalm  XLV.     Erudavit  cor  meum. 

1  My  heart  is  inditing  of  a  good  matter  :  I  speak  of 
the  things  which  I  have  made  unto  the  King. 

2  My  tongue  is  the  pen  :  of  a  ready  writer. 

3  Thou  art  fairer  than  the  children  of  men  :  full  of 
grace  are  thy  lips,  because  God  hath  blessed  thee  for 
ever. 

4  Gird  thee  with  thy  sword  upon  thy  thigh,  O  thou 
most  Mighty  :  according  to  thy  worship  and  renown. 

5  Good  luck  have  thou  with  thine  honour  :  ride 
on,  because  of  the  word  of  truth,  of  meekness,  and 
righteousness ;  and  thy  right  hand  shall  teach  thee 
terrible  things. 

6  Thy  arrows  are  very  sharp,  and  the  people  shall 
be  subdued  unto  thee  :  even  in  the  midst  among  the 
King's  enemies. 

7  Thy  seat,  O  God,  endureth  for  ever  :  the  sceptre 
of  thy  kingdom  is  a  right  sceptre. 

8  Thou  hast  loved  righteousness,  and  hated  iniquity  : 
wherefore  God,  even  thy  God,  hath  anointed  thee  with 
the  oil  of  gladness  above  thy  fellows. 

9  All  thy  garments  smell  of  myrrh, '  aloes,  and 
cassia  :  out  of  the  ivory  palaces,  whereby  they  have 
made  thee  glad. 

10  Kings'  daughters  were  among  thy  honourable 
women  :  upon  thy  righf  hand  did  stand  the  queen  in 

a  vesture  of  gold,  (wrought  about  with  divers  colours). 

*   Lit.  /  am  saying.  ^  /.  e.  O  warrior  (xix.  5). 

^  Is.  Ixi.  3.  Fig.  for,  made  thee  happier  (vis.  by  thy 
marriage)  than  other  kings.  ■•  Or,  prized  ones. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLV  129 

**2  5  For  our  soul  sinketh  down  to  the  dust : 
our  belly  cleaveth  unto  the  earth. 
26  Arise,  to  be  our  help, 

and  ransom  us  for  thy  kindness'  sake.  ^ 

Psalm  XLV. 

1  My  heart  is  astir  with  a  goodly  matter ; 

I  address  ^  my  work  unto  the  king  : 
my  tongue  is  the  pen  of  a  ready  writer. 

2  Thou  art  fairer  than  the  children  of  men  ; 

graciousness  is  shed  over  thy  lips  : 
therefore  God  hath  blessed  thee  for  ever. 

3  Gird  thy  sword  upon  thy  thigh,  O  mighty  one  ^, 

thy  majesty  and  thy  state  : 

4  And  (in)  thy  state  ride  on  prosperously, 

on  behalf  of  truth  and  meekness  (and)  righteous- 
ness : 
and  let  thy  right  hand  teach  thee  terrible  things. 

5  Thy  arrows  are  sharpened  ; 

peoples  fall  under  thee  ; 

(they  are)  in  the  heart  of  the  king's  enemies. 

6  Thy  throne,  O  God,  is  for  ever  and  ever  ; 

a  sceptre  of  equity  is  the  sceptre  of  thy  kingdom. 

7  Thou  hast  loved  righteousness,  and  hated  wicked- 

ness : 
therefore  God,  thy  God,  hath  anointed  thee 
with  the  oil  of  joy  ^  above  thy  fellows. 

8  All  thy  garments  are  myrrh,  and  aloes,  (and)  cassia  ; 

out  of  ivory  palaces  stringed  instruments  make 
thee  glad. 

9  Kings'  daughters  are  among  thy  favourites* : 

upon  thy  right  hand  standeth  the  consort  ^  in 
gold  of  Ophir. 


5  Not  the  usual  w^ord  for  'queen,'  Elsewhere  only  Neh. 
ii.  6,  Dan.  v.  2,  3,  23  ('  wives  ')  ;  and  read  by  some  scholars 
conjecturally  in  Jud.  v.  30  end\'-  for  the  neck  of  the  consort'). 


K 


T30  THE   PSALMS  [daY  9 


1 1  Hearken,  O  daughter,  and  consider,  incline  thine 
ear  :  forget  also  thine  own  people,  and  thy  father's 
house. 

12  So  shall  the  King  have  pleasure  in  thy  beauty  : 
for  he  is  thy  Lord  (God),  and  worship  thou  him. 

13  And  the  daughter  cf  Tyre  shall  be  there  with 
a  gift  :  like  as  the  rich  also  among  the  people  shall 
make  their  supplication  before  thee. 

14  The  King's  daughter  is  all  glorious  within  :  her 
clothing  is  of  wrought  gold. 


15  She  shall  be  brought  unto  the  King  in  raiment 
of  needle-work  :  the  virgins  that  be  her  fellows  shall 
bear  her  company,  and  shall  be  brought  unto  thee. 

16  With  joy  and  gladness  shall  they  be  brought  : 
and  shall  enter  into  the  King's  palace. 

1 7  Instead  of  thy  fathers  thou  shalt  have  children  : 
whom  thou  mayest  make  princes  in  all  lands. 

18  I  will  remember  thy  Name  from  one  generation 
to  another  :  therefore  shall  the  people  give  thanks 
unto  thee,  world  without  end. 

Psalm  XLVI.     Deus  noster  refugium. 

1  God  is  our  hope  and  strength  :  a  very  present 
help  in  trouble. 

2  Therefore  will  we  not  fear,  though  the  earth  be 
moved  :  and  though  the  hills  be  carried  into  the  midst 
of  the  sea. 


•  Cf.  Gen.  xxiii.  7,  i  Ki.  i.  23,  &c. 

^  Lit.  make  thy  face  sweet  [i.  e.  gracious).     So  Prov.  Xix.  6. 
'  Or,  And,  O  daughter  of  Tyre,  the  richest  of  the  people  shall 
intreat  thy  favour  with  gifts. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLVI  131 

10  'Hearken,  O  daughter,  and  see,  and  incline  thine 

ear; 
*  forget  also  thine  own  people,  and  thy  father's 
house ; 

11  'And  when  the  king  desireth  thy  beauty, 

'  (for  he  is  thy  lord,)  then  bow  thyself  unto  him  ^ 
(in  homage). 

12  'And   the   daughter   of    Tyre   shall    intreat   thy 

favour  ^  with  gifts, 
'  (yea,)  the  richest  of  the  people  ^' 

13  All   glorious   is   the  king's   daughter  within  (the 

palace)  * ; 
her  clothing  is  of  chequer  work  inwrought  with 
gold. 

14  In  richly  woven  raiment^  shall  she  be  escorted 

unto  the  king ; 
the  virgins  following  her,  her  companions, 
shall  be  brought  unto  thee  : 

15  With  gladness  and  rejoicing  shall  they  be  escorted ; 

they  shall  enter  into  the  king's  palace. 

16  Instead  of  thy  fathers  shall  be  thy  children, 

whom  thou  shalt  make  princes  in  all  the  land ". 

1 7  I  will  make  mention  of  thy  name  in  all  generations  : 

therefore  shall  the  peoples  give  thanks  unto  thee 
for  ever  and  ever. 

Psalm  XLVI. 

1  God  is  unto  us  a  refuge  and  strength, 

very  present  as  a  help  in  troubles. 

2  Therefore  will  we  not  fear,  though  the  earth  do 

change  (?), 
and  though  the  mountains  be  moved  into  the 
heart  of  the  seas  ; 

*  'Lxt.  face-waids,  i.e.  in  the  inmost  part  of  a  hall,  or  pre- 
sence-chamber, facing  those  who  enter  by  the  door  at  the 
further  end  ;  cf.  2  Chr.  xxix.  18. 

'  Or,  On  richly  woven  tapestries.  *  Or,  earth, 

K  2 


132  THE   PSALMS  [day  9 

3  Though  the  waters  thereof  rage  and  swell  :  and 
though  the  mountains  shake  at  the  tempest  of  the 
same. 

4  The  rivers  of  the  flood  thereof  shall  make  glad 
the  city  of  God  :  the  holy  place  of  the  tabernacle  of 
the  most  Highest. 

5  God  is  in  the  midst  of  her,  therefore  shall  she 
not  be  removed  :  God  shall  help  her,  and  that  right 
early. 

6  The  heathen  make  much  ado,  and  the  kingdoms 
are  moved  :  but  God  hath  shewed  his  voice,  and  the 
earth  shall  melt  away. 

7  The  Lord  of  hosts  is  with  us  :  the  God  of  Jacob 
is  our  refuge. 

8  O  come  hither,  and  behold  the  works  of  the  Lord  : 
what  destruction  he  hath  brought  upon  the  earth. 

9  He  maketh  wars  to  cease  in  all  the  world  :  he 
breaketh  the  bow,  and  knappeth  the  spear  in  sunder, 
and  burneth  the  chariots  in  the  fire. 


10  Be  still  then,  and  know  that  I  am  God  :  I  will 
be  exalted  among  the  heathen,  and  I  will  be  exalted 
in  the  earth. 

11  The  Lord  of  hosts  is  with  us  :  the  God  of  Jacob 
is  our  refuge. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XLVH.     Oinites  gentes,  plaudite. 

1  O  clap  your  hands  together,  all  ye  people  :  O  sing 
unto  God  with  the  voice  of  melody. 

2  For  the  Lord  is  high^  and  to  be  feared  :  he  is  the 
great  King  upon  all  the  earth. 


^  Or,  appalments ;  cf.  Mic.  vi.  16  (text  and  marg.). 


BOOK  ll]  PSALM  XLVII  I33 

3  Though  the  waters  thereof  are  in  tumult  and  foam, 

though    the    mountains    shake   at   the   proud 
swelUng  thereof. 

4  (There  is)  a  river,  whose  arms  make  glad  the  city 

of  God, 
the  holiest  dwelling-place  of  the  Most  High. 

5  God   is  in  the  midst  of  her,    she   shall  not  be 

moved  ; 
God  shall  help  her  when  the  morning  turneth. 

6  Nations  were  in  tumult ;  kingdoms  were  moved  : 

he  uttered  his  voice ;  the  earth  melted. 

7  Jehovah  of  hosts  is  with  us  ; 

the  God  of  Jacob  is  our  high  retreat. 

8  Come,  behold  the  works  of  Jehovah, 

who  hath  set  desolations  ^  in  the  earth  : 

9  Who  maketh  wars  to  cease  unto  the  bounds  of  the 

earth  ; 
he  breaketh  the  bow,  and  knappeth  the  spear 

in  sunder, 
he  burneth  the  (war-)wagons  in  the  fire  : 

10  'Let  alone '^,  and  know  that  I  am  God  ; 

'  I  will  be  exalted  among  the  nations,  I  will  be 
exalted  in  the  earth.' 

1 1  Jehovah  of  hosts  is  with  us ; 

the  God  ot  Jacob  is  our  high  retreat. 


Psalm  XLVII. 

O  strike  the  hand,  all  ye  peoples  ; 

shout  unto  God  with  the  sound  of  a  ringing  cry. 
For  Jehovah  is  most  high,  (and)  terrible; 

a  great  King  over  all  the  earth. 


^  Cf.  2  Ki.  iv.  27.     Lit.  let  drop,  or  relax  (viz.  the  hand). 


134  THE   PSALMS  [day  9 


3  He  shall  subdue  the  people  under  us  :  and  the 
nations  under  our  feet. 

4  He  shall,  choose  out  an  heritage  for  us  :  even  the 
worship  of  Jacob,  whom  he  loved. 

5  God  is  gone  up  with  a  merry  noise  :  and  the 
Lord  with  the  sound  of  the  trump. 

6  O  sing  praises,  sing  praises  unto  (our)  God  : 
O  sing  praises,  sing  praises  unto  our  King. 

7  For  God  is  the  King  of  all  the  earth  :  sing  ye 
praises  with  understanding. 

8  God  reigneth  over  the  heathen  :  God  sitteth  upon 
his  holy  seat. 

9  The  prince?  of  the  people  are  joined  unto  the 
people  of  the  God  of  Abraham  :  for  God,  which  is 
very  high  exalted,  doth  defend  the  earth,  as  it  were 
with  a  shield. 


Psalm  XLVIII.     Magnus  Dominus. 

1  Great  is  the  Lord,  and  highly  to  be  praised  :  in 
the  city  of  our  God,  even  upon  his  holy  hill. 

2  The  hill  of  Sion  is  a  fair  place,  and  the  joy  of 
the  whole  earth  :  upon  the  north-side  lieth  the  city  of 
the  great  King ;  God  is  well  known  in  her  palaces  as 
a  sure  refuge. 


3  For  lo,  the  kings  (of  the  earth)  :  are  gathered,  and 
gone  by  together. 

4  They  marvelled  to  see  such  things  :  they  were 
astonished,  and  suddenly  cast  down. 


'  Or,  perhaps,  drave  peoples  inflight :  cf.  xviii.  47. 
'^  Or,  is  become  king.     The  meaning  is,  not  that  God  is  king 
in  the  abstract,  but  that  He  has  now  given  fresh  evidence  of 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLVIII  I35 

3  He  led  peoples  subject  ^  under  us, 

and  nations  under  our  feet. 

4  He  chose  our  inheritance  for  us, 

(even)  the  pride  of  Jacob,  whom  he  loved. 

5  God  is  gone  up  with  a  shout, 

Jehovah  with  the  sound  of  the  horn. 

6  Make  melody  unto  God,  make  melody  : 

make  melody  unto  our  King,  make  melody. 

7  For  God  is  King  of  all  the  earth  : 

make  ye  melody  with  a  skilful  strain. 

8  God  reigneth  '^  over  the  nations  : 

God  sitteth  ^  upon  his  holy  throne. 

9  The  nobles  of  the  peoples  are  gathered  together, 

(to  be)  the  people  *  of  the  God  of  Abraham  : 
for  to  God  belong  the  shields  of  the  earth  ; 
greatly  is  he  become  exalted. 


Psalm  XLVHI. 

1  Great  is  Jehovah,  and  highly  to  be  praised, 

in  the  city  of  our  God,  his  holy  mountain. 

2  Beautiful  in  elevation,  the  joy  of  the  whole  earth, 

is  mount  Zion, 
the  uttermost  parts  of  the  north,  the  city  of  the 
great  King. 

3  God  in  her  palaces 

hath  made  himself  known  as  a  high  retreat. 

4  For,  lo,  the  kings  met  by  appointment, 

they  came  onward  together. 

5  They  saw  ;  so  were  they  amazed  : 

they  were  dismayed  ;  they  fled  in  alarm. 

His  sovereignty  :  cf.  Is.  Hi.  7. 
■'■  Or,  hath  seated  himself. 
*  Read  perhaps^  with  many  moderns,  with  the  people. 


13^  THE   PSALMS  [day  9 


5  Fear  came  there  upon  them,  and  sorrow  ;  as 
upon  a  woman  in  her  travail. 

6  Thou  shalt  break  the  ships  of  the  sea  :  through 
the  east-wind. 

7  Like  as  we  have  heard,  so  have  we  seen  in  the 
city  of  the  Lord  of  hosts,  in  the  city  of  our  God  :  God 
upholdeth  the  same  for  ever. 

8  We  wait  for  thy  loving-kindness,  O  God  :  in  the 
midst  of  thy  temple. 

9  O  God,  according  to  thy  Name,  so  is  thy  praise 
unto  the  world's  end  :  thy  right  hand  is  full  of 
righteousness. 

10  Let  the  mount  Sion  rejoice,  and  the  daughter 
of  Judah  be  glad  :  because  of  thy  judgements. 

1 1  Walk  about  Sion,  and  go  round  about  her  :  and 
tell  the  towers  thereof. 

12  Mark  well  her  bulwarks,  set  up  her  houses  : 
that  ye  may  tell  them  that  come  after. 

13  For  this  God  is  our  God  for  ever  and  ever  :  he 
shall  be  our  guide  unto  death. 

Psalm  XLIX.     Audite  hkc,  omnes. 

1  O  hear  ye  this,  all  ye  people  :  ponder  it  with 
your  ears,  all  ye  that  dwell  in  the  world ; 

2  High  and  low,  rich  and  poor  :  one  with  another, 

3  My  mouth  shall  speak  of  wisdom  :  and  my  heart 
shall  muse  of  understanding. 


'  i.  e.  (as  always  in  the  O.  T. '.  the  sirocco  fArab.  sherkiyeh, 
'  eastern  '),  a  scorching  and  destructive  wind,  blowing  up  from 
the  S.E. ;  cf.  Gen.  xli.  6,  Job  xxvii.  21,  Ez.  xvii.  10. 

"  Cf.  I  Ki.  xxii.  48,  Ez.  xxvii.  26. 

^  Ships   large   and   strong   enough   to   navigate   as   far   as 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLIX  137 

6  Trembling  took  hold  of  them  there ; 

pangs,  as  of  a  woman  in  travail. 

7  With  the  east-wind  ' 

thou  wreckest "-  ships  of  Tarshish  ^ 

8  As  we  had  heard,  so  have  we  seen 

in  the  city  of  Jehovah  of  hosts,  in  the  city  of 

our  God  : 
God  will  establish  it  for  ever. 

9  We  think,  O  God,  on  thy  kindness, 

in  the  midst  of  thy  temple. 

10  As  is  thy  name,  O  God, 

so  is  thy  praise  unto  the  bounds  of  the  earth  : 
thy  right  hand  is  full  of  righteousness. 

1 1  Let  mount  Zion  be  glad, 

let  the  daughters  of  Judah  rejoice, 
because  of  thy  judgements. 

12  Walk  about  Zion,  and  go  round  about  her ; 

count  her  towers  : 

13  Mark  well  her  ramparts, 

go  to  and  fro  between  *  her  palaces ; 

that  ye  may  tell  it  to  the  generation  to  come. 

14  For  such  is  God,  our  God,  for  ever  and  ever  : 

he  will  guide  us  unto  dying  (?)  ^ 

Psalm  XLIX. 

1  O  hear  ye  this,  all  ye  peoples ; 

give  ear,  all  ye  that  dwell  in  the  (fleeting)  age  ^ : 

2  Both  sons  of  mankind  and  sons  of  men, 

rich  and  needy  together. 

3  My  mouth  shall  speak  wisdom  ; 

and  the  meditation '^  of  my  heart  shall  be  under- 
standing : 

Tartessus  in  Spain. 

*  Lit.  cleave,  divide.     The  word  is,  however,  very  uncertain. 

^  The  Heb.  is  difficult  and  uncertain.  Read  perhaps,  with 
Sept.,  Symm.  (^treating  two  words  as  one),  for  evermore  (cf. 
Ps.  Ixi.  4).  ^  Cf.  xvii.  I.:!.  '  Or,  murmuring. 


138  THE  PSALMS  [day  9 

4  I  will  incline  mine  ear  to  the  parable  :  and  shew 
my  dark  speech  upon  the  harp. 

5  Wherefore  should  I  fear  in  the  days  of  wicked- 
ness :  and  when  the  wickedness  of  my  heels  com- 
passeth  me  round  about  ? 

6  There  be  some  that  put  their  trust  in  their 
goods  :  and  boast  themselves  in  the  multitude  of 
their  riches. 

7  But  no  man  may  deliver  his  brother  :  nor  make 
agreement  unto  God  for  him ; 

8  For  it  cost  more  to  redeem  their  souls  :  so  that 
he  must  let  that  alone  for  ever ; 

9  Yea,  though  he  live  long  :  and  see  not  the 
grave. 

10  For  he  seeth  that  wise  men  also  die,  and  perish 
together  :  as  well  as  the  ignorant  and  foolish,  and 
leave  their  riches  for  other. 

11  And  yet  they  think  that  their  houses  shall 
continue  for  ever  :  and  that  their  dwelling-places 
shall  endure  from  one  generation  to  another;  and 
call  the  lands  after  their  own  name. 

12  Nevertheless,  man  will  not  abide  in  honour  : 
seeing  he  may  be  compared  unto  the  beasts  that 
perish  ;  this  is  the  way  of  them. 

13  This  is  their  foohshness  :  and  their  posterity 
praise  their  saying. 

14  They  lie  in  the  hell  like  sheep;,  death  gnaweth 
upon  them,  and  the  righteous  shall  have  domination 
over  them  in  the  morning  :  their  beauty  shall  consume 
in  the  sepulchre  out  of  their  dwelling. 


'  Or,  For  he  shall  see  it :  wise  men  die. 

2  Lit.  Their  inward  part  {v.  9,  Iv.  15).     Read  probably,  with 
Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg.,  Targ.,  transposing  two  letters, 
Their  graves  are  their  houses  for  ever, 
their  dwelling-places  to  all  generations, 
{even  of  them)  that  called  lands  after  their  own  names. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  XLIX  139 


4  I  will  incline  mine  ear  to  a  parable ; 

I  will  propound  my  enigma  upon  the  harp. 

5  Wherefore  should  I  fear  in  the  days  of  evil, 

when  the  iniquity  of  them  that  would  supplant 
me  compasseth  me  about, 

6  (Even  of  them)  that  trust  in  their  wealth, 

and  boast  themselves  of  the  multitude  of  their 
riches  ? 

7  No  man  can  by  any  means  ransom  a  brother, 

or  give  to  God  the  price  of  his  life — 

8  For  the  ransom  of  their  soul  (life)  is  too  costly, 

and  one  will  let  that  alone  for  ever — 

9  That  he  should  live  on  perpetually, 

(and)  not  seethe  pit. 

10  For  he  seeth  that  wise  men  die\ 

the  fool  and  the  brutish  perish  together, 
and  relinquish  their  wealth  unto  others. 

11  Their  inward  thought  (?)^  is,  (that)  their  houses 

(are)  for  ever, 
(and)  their  dwelling-places  to  all  generations ; 
they  call  lands  after  their  own  names  ^ 

12  But  man  being  in  honour  abideth  not : 

he  is  become  like  the  beasts  that  are  cut  off. 

13  This  is  the  way 'of  them  that  have  (self-)confidence^ 

and  of  those  who  following  them  approve  their 
speech  ^ 

14  Like  a  flock,  they  are  set  (ready)  for  Sheol ;     • 

death  is  their  shepherd  ; 

and  the  upright  have  dominion  over  them  in 

the  morning ''  • 
and  their  form  is  for  Sheol  to  wear  away,  that 

there  be  no  habitation  for  it. 


s  Heb.  call  with  their  names  over  lands  (cf.  2  Sam   xii.  28). 

*  i.e.  the  fate,  lot.  *  Or  Jolly. 

^  Or,  This  their  way  (t.  e.  their  conduct  in  hfe)  is  their  folly, 

yet  after  them  men  approve  their  speech. 
''  i.  e.,  probably,  in  the  morning  which  follows  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  wicked  ;  cf.  Mai.  iv.  1-3. 


I40  THE   PSALMS  [day  IO 


15  But  God  hath  deHvered  my  soul  from  the  place 
of  hell  :  for  he  shall  receive  me. 

16  Be  not  thou  afraid,  though  one  be  made  rich  : 
or  if  the  glory  of  his  house  be  increased  ; 

1 7  For  he  shall  carry  nothing  away  with  him  when 
he  dieth  :  neither  shall  his  pomp  follow  him. 

18  For  while  he  lived,  he  counted  himself  an 
happy  man  :  and  so  long  as  thou  doest  well  unto 
thyself,  men  will  speak  good  of  thee. 

19  He  shall  follow  the  generation  of  his  fathers  : 
and  shall  never  see  light. 

20  Man  being  in  honour  hath  no  understanding  : 
but  is  compared  unto  the  beasts  that  perish. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  L.     Deus  deorum. 

1  The  Lord,  even  the  most  mighty  God,  hath 
spoken  :  and  called  the  world,  from  the  rising  up  of 
the  sun,  unto  the  going  down  thereof. 

2  Out  of  Sion  hath  God  appeared  :  in  perfect 
beauty. 

3  Our  God  shall  come,  and  shall  not  keep  silence  : 
there  shall  go  before  him  a  consuming  fire,  and 
a  mighty  tempest  shall  be  stirred  up  round  about 
him. 

4  He  shall  call  the  heaven  from  above  :  and  the 
earth,  that  he  may  judge  his  people. 

5  Gather  my  saints  together  unto  me  :  those  that 
have  made  a  covenant  with  me  with  sacrifice. 

6  And  the  heaven  shall  declare  his  righteousness  : 
for  God  is  Judge  himself. 

'  i.e.  congratulated  himself:  cf.  Deut. xxix.  19,  Luke  xii.  19. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   L  14I 

15  Nevertheless  God  will  ransom  my  soul  (life)  from 

the  hand  of  Sheol ; 
for  he  will  take  me. 

16  Fear  thou  not,  when  one  groweth  rich, 

when  the  glory  of  his  house  is  increased  ; 

1 7  For  he  will  take  nothing  away  when  he  dieth  ; 

his  glory  will  not  descend  after  him. 

18  Though  in  his  lifetime  he  blessed  his  soul\ 

(and  men  praise  thee,  when  thou  doest  well  unto 
thyself,) 

19  It^  shall  go  to  the  generation  of  his  fathers  ; 

who  shall  never  see  light. 

20  Man  being  in  honour,  who  hath  no  understanding, 

is  become  like  the  beasts  that  are  cut  off. 


Psalm  L. 

God,  (even)  God,  Jehovah,  hath  spoken, 

and  called  the  earth  from  the  rising  of  the  sun 
unto  the  going  down  thereof: 
Out  of  Zion,  the  perfection  of  beauty, 

God  hath  shined  forth  : 
'  Let  our  God  come,  and  let  him  not  keep  silence  ! ' 

fire  devoureth  before  him, 

and   a  mighty  whirlwind  is   stirred  up  round 
about  him  : 
He  calleth  to  the  heavens  above, 

and  to  the  earth,  that  he  may  judge  his  people : 
'  Gather  my  godly  ones  unto  me, 

'  those  that  have  made  a  covenant  with  me  by 
sacrifice : ' 
And  the  heavens  declare  his  righteousness  ; 

for  God  is  about  to  judge. 

^  Read  probably,  He. 


142  THE   PSALMS  [daY  IO 


7  Hear,  O  my  people,  and  I  will  speak  :  I  myself 
will  testify  against  thee,  O  Israel ;  for  I  am  God,  even 
thy  God. 

8  I  will  not  reprove  thee  because  of  thy  sacrifices, 
or  for  thy  burnt-offerings  :  because  they  were  not 
alway  before  me. 

9  I  will  take  no  bullock  out  of  thine  house  :  nor 
he-goat  out  of  thy  folds. 

10  For  all  the  beasts  of  the  forest  are  mine  :  and 
so  are  the  cattle  upon  a  thousand  hills. 

Ill  know  all  the  fowls  upon  the  mountains  :  and 
the  wild  beasts  of  the  field  are  in  my  sight. 

12  If  I  be  hungry,  I  will  not  tell  thee  :  for  the 
whole  world  is  mine,  and  all  that  is  therein, 

13  Thinkest  thou  that  I  will  eat  bulls'  flesh  :  and 
drink  the  blood  of  goats? 

14  Offer  unto  God  thanksgiving  :  and  pay  thy  vows 
unto  the  most  Highest. 

15  And  call  upon  me  in  the  time  of  trouble  :  so 
will  I  hear  thee,  and  thou  shalt  praise  me. 

16  But  unto  the  ungodly  said  God  :  Why  dost 
thou  preach  my  laws,  and  takest  my  covenant  in  thy 
mouth ; 

1 7  Whereas  thou  hatest  to  be  reformed  :  and  hast 
cast  my  words  behind  thee  ? 

18  When  thou  sawest  a  thief,  thou  consentedst 
unto  him  :  and  hast  been  partaker  with  the  adulterers. 

19  Thou  hast  let  thy  mouth  speak  wickedness  : 
and  with  thy  tongue  thou  hast  set  forth  deceit. 

20  Thou  satest,  ani  spakest  against  thy  brother  : 
yea,  and  hast  slandered  thine  own  mother's  son. 


1  The  Heb.  is  peculiar.     Read  perhaps,  ttpon  the  mountains 
of  God  (xxxvi.  6). 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   L  143 

7  '  Hear,  O  my  people,  and  I  will  speak, 

'  O  Israel,  and  I  will  protest  unto  thee  : 
*  I  am  God,  thy  God. 

8  '  Not  for  thy  sacrifices  will  I  reprove  thee  ; 

'  and  thy  burnt-offerings  are  continually  before 
me. 

9  '  I  will  take  no  bullock  out  of  thine  house, 

'  nor  he  goats  out  of  thy  folds. 

10  '  For  mine  are  all  the  beasts  of  the  forest, 

'  (and)  the  cattle  upon  a  thousand  mountains  \ 

11  'I  know  all  the  fowls  of  the  mountains, 

'and  that  which  moveth  in  the  field  is  in  my 
mind  '^. 

12  '  If  I  were  hungry,  I  would  not  tell  thee  : 

'  for  the  world  is  mine,  and  the  fulness  thereof. 

13  '  Should  I  eat  the  flesh  of  bulls, 

'  or  drink  the  blood  of  h^-goats  ? 

14  '  Sacrifice  unto  God  thanksgiving, 

'  and  pay  thy  vows  unto  the  Most  High  : 

15  '  And  call  upon  me  in  the  day  of  trouble ; 

'  I  will  rescue  thee,  and  thou  shalt  glorify  me.' 

16  But  unto  the  wicked  God  saith  : 

'  What  hast  thou  to  do  to  tell  my  statutes, 
'  and  that  thou  hast  taken  up  my  covenant  upon 
thy  mouth, 

17  '  Seeing  thou  hatest  discipline, 

'  and  hast  flung  my  words  behind  thee  ? 

18  '  When  thou  sawest  a  thief,  thou  wast  well  pleased 

with  him, 
'  and  thy  portion  was  with  adulterers. 

19  'Thou  hast  let  loose  thy  mouth  for  evil, 

'and  thy  tongue  frameth  deceit, 

20  '  Thou  sittest  (and)  speakest  against  thy  brother  ; 

'against  thine  own  mother's  son  thou  allegest 
a  fault. 

*  Heb.  with  me{ci.  Job  x.  13,  xxvii.  11). 


144  ^^^  PSALMS  [day  io 

21  These  things  hast  thou  done,  and  I  held  my 
tongue,  and  thou  thoughtest  (wickedly>,  that  I  am  even 
such  a  one  as  thyself  :  but  I  will  reprove  thee,  and  set 
before  thee  the  things  that  then  hast  done. 


22  O  consider  this,  ye  that  forget  God  :  lest  I  pluck 
you  away,  and  there  be  none  to  deliver  you. 

23  Whoso  offereth  me  thanks  and  praise,  he 
honoureth  me  :  and  to  him  that  ordereth  his  con- 
versation right  will  I  shew  the  salvation  of  God. 

Psalm  LI.     Miserere  met,  Deus. 

1  Have  mercy  upon  me,  O  God,  after  thy  (great) 
goodness  :  according  to  the  multitude  of  thy  mercies 
do  away  mine  offences, 

2  Wash  me  throughly  from  my  wickedness  :  and 
cleanse  me  from  my  sin. 

3  For  I  acknowledge  my  faults  :  and  my  sin  is  ever 
before  me. 

4  Against  thee  only  have  I  sinned,  and  done  this 
evil  in  thy  sight  :  that  thou  mightest  be  justified  in 
thy  saying,  and  clear  when  thou  art  judged. 


5  Behold,  I  was  shapen  in  wickedness  :  and  in  sin 
hath  my  mother  conceived  me. 

6  But  lo,  thou  requirest  truth  in  the  inward  parts  : 
and  shalt  make  me  to  understand  wisdom  secretly. 


7  Thou  shalt  purge  me  with  hyssop,  and  I  shall  be 
clean  :  thou  shalt  wash  me,  and  I  shall  be  whiter  than 
snow. 

"^  Lit.  (if  the  text  be  correct)  places  plaistered  (or  coated)  over. 


BOOK  II]  ,  PSALM   LI  145 

21  'These  things  hast  thou  done,  and  should  I  keep 

silence  ? 
'  thou  thoughtest  that  I  was  even  such  a  one  as 

thyself : 
'  I  will  reprove  thee,  and  set  out  (the  truth) 

before  thine  eyes. 

22  '  Consider,  now,  this,  ye  that  forget  God, 

'lest  I  tear  in  pieces, and  there  be  none  to  deliver. 

23  '  He  that  sacriiiceth  thanksgiving  glorifieth  me, 

'  and  prepareth  a  way  whereby  I  may  cause  him 
to  look  upon  the  salvation  of  God.' 

Psalm  LI. 

1  Be  gracious  unto  me,  O  God,  according  to  thy 

kindness : 
according  to  the  multitude  of  thy  compassions 
blot  out  my  transgressions. 

2  Wash  me  throughly  from  mine  iniquity, 

and  cleanse  me  from  my  sin. 

3  For  /know  my  transgressions  ; 

and  my  sin  is  continually  before  me. 

4  Against  thee,  thee  only,  have  I  sinned, 

and  done  that  which  is  evil  in  thy  sight : 

that    thou    mightest   be    justified   when   thou 

speakest, 
(and)  be  clear  when  thou  judgest. 

5  Behold,  I  was  brought  forth  in  iniquity ; 

and  in  sin  did  my  mother  conceive  me. 

6  Behold,  thou  delightest  in  truth  in  the  impene- 

trable parts  ^ ; 
make  me,  therefore,   to  know  wisdom  in  the 
closed  (chamber  of  my  breast). 

7  Purge  me  from  sin  ^  with  hyssop,  and  I  shall  be  clean : 

wash  me,  and  I  shall  be  whiter  than  snow. 

^  Cf.  Lev.  xiv.  4,  6,  49,  52  ('cleanse');  Num.  xix.  18,  ig 
('  purify  'j :  in  each  case,  properly,  purge  from  sin. 

L 


146  THE   PSALMS  [daY  IO 

8  Thou  shalt  make  me  hear  of  joy  and  gladness  : 
that  the  bones  which  thou  hast  broken  may  rejoice. 

9  Turn  thy  face  from  my  sins  :  and  put  out  all  my 
misdeeds. 

10  Make  me  a  clean  heart,  O  God  :  and  renew 
a  right  spirit  within  me. 

1 1  Cast  me  not  away  from  thy  presence  :  and  take 
not  thy  holy  Spirit  from  me. 

12  O  give  me  the  comfort  of  thy  help  again  :  and 
stablish  me  with  thy  free  Spirit. 

13  Then  shall  I  teach  thy  ways  unto  the  wicked  : 
and  sinners  shall  be  converted  unto  thee. 

14  Deliver  me  from  blood-guiltiness,  O  God,  thou 
that  art  the  God  of  my  health  :  and  my  tongue  shall 
sing  of  thy  righteousness. 

15  Thou  shalt  open  my  lips,  O  Lord  :  and  my 
mouth  shall  shew  thy  praise. 

16  For  thou  desirest  no  sacrifice,  else  would  I  give 
it  thee  :  but  thou  delightest  not  in  burnt-offerings. 

17  The  sacrifice  of  God  is  a  troubled  spirit  : 
a  broken  and  contrite  heart,  O  God,  shalt  thou  not 
despise. 

18  O  be  favourable  and  gracious  unto  Sion  :  build 
thou  the  walls  of  Jerusalem. 

19  Then  shalt  thou  be  pleased  with  the  sacrifice  of 
righteousness,  with  the  burnt-offerings  and  oblations  : 
then  shall  they  offer  young  bullocks  upon  thine  altar. 


Psalm  LI  I.     Quid  gloriaris  ? 

1  Why  boastest  thou  thyself,  thou  tyrant :  that  thou 
canst  do  mischief. 

2  Whereas  the  goodness  of  God  :  endureth  yet  daily? 

^  «'.  e.  stedfast,  unwavering ;  cf.  Ivii.  i  ('  fixed  '),  Ixxviii.  37. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  LII  I47 

8  Make  me  to  hear  joy  and  gladness, 

that  the  bones  which  thou  hast  crushed  may 
rejoice. 

9  Hide  thy  face  from  my  sins, 

and  blot  out  all  mine  iniquities. 

10  Create  me  a  clean  heart,  O  God  ; 

and  renew  a  firm  '  spirit  within  me. 

1 1  Cast  me  not  away  from  thy  presence  ; 

and  take  not  thy  holy  spirit  from  me. 

12  Restore  unto  me  the  joy  of  thy  salvation  ; 

and  uphold  me  with  a  willing  spirit  '. 

13  So  will  I  teach  thy  ways  unto  transgressors, 

and  sinners  shall  return  unto  thee. 

14  Deliver  me  from  blood-guiltiness,  O  God,  thou 

God  of  my  salvation  ; 
(and)  my  tongue  shall  ring  out  thy  righteousness. 

1 5  O  Lord,  open  thou  my  lips  ; 

and  my  mouth  shall  declare  thy  praise. 

16  For  thou  delightest  not  in  sacrifice,   else  would 

I  give  it ; 
thou  hast  no  pleasure  in  burnt-offering. 

1 7  The  sacrifices  of  God  are  a  broken  spirit : 

a  broken  and  crushed  heart,  O  God,  thou  wilt 
not  despise. 

18  O  do  good  in  thy  favour  unto  Zion ; 

build  thou  the  walls  of  Jerusalem  : 

19  Then    shalt   thou    delight   in    the    sacrifices    of 

righteousness,    in   burnt-offering   and  "whole 
offering  ; 
then  shall  they  offer  bullocks  upon  thine  altar. 

Psalm  LII. 

I  Why  boastest  thou  thyself,  thou  mighty  man,  of 
evil? 
the  kindness  of  God  (endureth)  all  the  day. 


2 


A  spirit  eager  and  ready  to  do  right  (cf.  Ex.  xxxv.  5,  21). 


L  2 


148  THE   PSALMS  [day  IO 

3  Thy  tongue  imagineth  wickedness  :  and  with  lies 
thou  cuttest  like  a  sharp  razor. 


4  Thou  hast  loved  unrighteousness  more  than  good- 
ness :  and  to  talk  of  lies  more  than  righteousness. 

5  Thou  hast  loved  to  speak  all  words  that  may  do 
hurt  :  O  thou  false  tongue. 

6  Therefore  shall  God  destroy  thee  for  ever  :  he 
shall  take  thee,  and  pluck  thee  out  of  thy  dweUing, 
and  root  thee  out  of  the  land  of  the  living. 

7  The  righteous  also  shall  see  this,  and  fear  :  and 
shall  laugh  him  to  scorn ; 

8  Lo,  this  is  the  man  that  took  not  God  for  his 
strength  :  but  trusted  unto  the  multitude  of  his  riches, 
and  strengthened  himself  in  his  wickedness, 

9  As  for  me,  I  am  like  a  green  olive-tree  in  the 
house  of  God  :  my  trust  is  in  the  tender  mercy  of  God 
for  ever  and  ever. 

10  I  will  always  give  thanks  unto  thee  for  that  thou 
hast  done  :  and  I  will  hope  in  thy  Name,  for  thy 
saints  like  it  well. 


E  VENING  PR  A  YER. 


Psalm  LIII.     Dixit  insipiens. 

I  The  foolish  body  hath  said  in  his  heart  :  There 
is  no  God. 


'  Lit.  words  of  swallowing  up  ;  cf.  xxxv.  25. 


Or,  of  life. 


^  Or,   {evil)   desire   (Prov.  x.  3^.     But  read   probably,    with 
Targ.,  Syr.,  and  many  moderns,  wealth  (^cxii.  3,  Prov.  xviii.  11). 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LIII  I49 

2  Thy  tongue  deviseth  engulfing  ruin, 

like    a    whetted     razor,    O    thou     worker    of 
deception. 

3  Thou  lovest  evil  more  than  good, 

(and)  lying  rather  than  to  speak  righteousness. 

4  Thou  lovest  all  devouring  words  ', 

0  thou  deceitful  tongue. 

5  God,  also,  (on  his  part,)  shall  tear  thee  down  for 

ever ; 
he  shall  seize  thee,  and  pluck  thee  up  tent-less, 
and  root  thee  out  of  the  land  of  the  living  ^ 

6  And  the  righteous  shall  see,  and  fear, 

and  shall  laugh  at  him,  (saying,) 

7  '  Lo,  there  is  the  man  that  used  not  to  make  God 

his  stronghold, 
'  but  trusted  in  the  multitude  of  his  riches, 
'(and)  was  strong  in  his  engulfing  ruin  ^' 

8  But  as  for  me,  I  am  like  a  spreading  olive-tree  in 

the  house  of  God  : 

1  trust  in  the  kindness  of  God  for  ever  and  ever. 

9  I  will  give  thee  thanks  for  ever,  because  thou  hast 

done  (it) ; 
and  I  will  wait  for  *  thy  name,  for  it  is  good,  in 
the  sight  of  thy  godly  ones. 


Psalm  LIII^ 

I  The  senseless  man  ^  hath  said  in  his  heart,  '  There 
is  no  God  : ' 


*  Read  probably,  with  a  change  of  one  letter,  will  proclaim 
(that  thy  name  is  good,  tfc). 

^  Ps.  liii  is  another  recension  of  Ps.  xiv. 
®  See  the  note  on  Ps.  xiv.  i. 


150  THE   PSALMS  [daY  IO 

2  Corrupt  are  they,  and  become  abominable  in 
their  wickedness  :  there  is  none  that  doeth  good. 

3  God  looked  down  from  heaven  upon  the  children 
of  men  :  to  see  if  there  were  any,  that  would  under- 
stand, and  seek  after  God. 

4  But  they  are  all  gone  out  of  the  way,  they  are 
altogether  become  abominable  :  there  is  also  none 
that  doeth  good,  no  not  one. 

5  Are  not  they  without  understanding  that  work 
wickedness  :  eating  up  my  people  as  if  they  would  eat 
bread  ?  they  have  not  called  upon  God.  « 

6  They  were  afraid  where  no  fear  was  :  for  God 
hath  broken  the  bones  of  him  that  besieged  thee ; 
thou  hast  put  them  to  confusion,  because  God  hath 
despised  them. 

7  Oh,  that  the  salvation  were  given  unto  Israel  out 
of  Sion  :  Oh,  that  the  Lord  would  deliver  his  people 
out  of  captivity  ! 

8  Then  should  Jacob  rejoice  :  and  Israel  should  be 


right  glad. 


Psalm  LIV.     Deus,  in  nomine. 


1  Save  me,  O  God,  for  thy  Name's  sake  :  and 
avenge  me  in  thy  strength. 

2  Hear  my  prayer,  O  God  :  and  hearken  unto  the 
words  of  my  mouth. 

3  For  strangers  are  risen  up  against  me  :  and 
tyrants,  which  have  not  God  before  their  eyes,  seek 
after  my  soul. 


'  Or,  deal  wisely. 

^  Or,  with  Sept.,  Vulg.,  changing  one  point,   Shall  not  the 
workers  of  naughtiness  come  to  know  it  ? 
^  See  the  note  on  Ps.  xiv.  4. 
*  It  is  uncertain  whether  this  verse  is  intended  to  describe 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  LIV  I5I 

they    have    dealt    corruptly,    and    have   made 

abominable  (their)  unrighteousness  ; 
there  is  none  that  doeth  good. 

2  God  looked  forth  from  heaven  upon  the  children  of 

men, 
to  see  if  there  were  any  that  did  understand  \ 
that  did  seek  after  God. 

3  The  whole  of  them  have  drawn  back,  all  together 

are  they  become  tainted  ; 
there  is  none  that  doeth  good,  no,  not  one. 

4  Have  the  workers  of  naughtiness  no  knowledge^? 

eating  my  people,  they  eat  bread  '% 
(and)  call  not  upon  God. 

5  There  feared  they  a  fear,  where  no  fear  was ; 

for   God    scattered    the    bones    of    him    that 

encamped  against  thee  : 
thou  didst  put  (them)  to  shame,  because  God 

had  rejected  them  *. 

6  O  that  the  salvation  ^  of  Israel  were  come  out  of 

Zion  ! 
when  God  turneth  the  captivity "  of  his  people, 
let  Jacob  rejoice,  let  Israel  be  glad. 


Psalm  LIV. 

O  God,  save  me  by  thy  name, 

and  judge  me  in  thy  might. 
O  God,  hear  my  prayer ; 

give  ear  unto  the  words  of  my  mouth. 
For  strangers  are  risen  up  against  me, 

and  terrible  men  have  sought  my  soul  (life) 

they  have  not  set  God  before  their  eyes. 


a  past  occurrence,  or  (as  seems  to  be  the  case  in  Ps.  xiv.  5,  6) 
an  ideal  scene  in  the  future.  The  verses  differ  (in  the  Heb.) 
in  such  a  way  as  to  leave  it  doubtful  what  the  genuine  text  in 
either  Psalm  is.  ^  Heb.  salvations  (intensive  plural;. 

*  Or,  perhaps,  restoreth  the  fortunes. 


152  THE  PSALMS  [day  io 

4  Behold,  God  is  my  helper  :  the  Lord  is  with 
them  that  uphold  my  soul. 

5  He  shall  reward  evil  unto  mine  enemies  :  destroy 
thou  them  in  thy  truth. 

6  An  offering  of  a  free  heart  will  I  give  thee,  and 
praise  thy  Name,  O  Lord  :  because  it  is  so  comfort- 
able. 

7  For  he  hath  delivered  me  out  of  all  my  trouble  : 
and  mine  eye  hath  seen  his  desire  upon  mine 
enemies. 

Psalm  LV.     Exaudi,  Dens. 

1  Hear  my  prayer,  O  God  :  and  hide  not  thyself 
from  my  petition. 

2  Take  heed  unto  me,  and  hear  me  :  how  I  mourn 
in  my  prayer,  and  am  vexed. 

3  The  enemy  crieth  so,  and  the  ungodly  cometh 
on  so  fast  :  for  they  are  minded  to  do  me  some 
mischief;  so  maliciously  are  they  set  against  me. 

4  My  heart  is  disquieted  within  me  :  and  the  fear 
of  death  is  fallen  upon  me. 

5  Tearfulness  and  trembling  are  come  upon  me  : 
and  an  horrible  dread  hath  overwhelmed  me. 

6  And  I  said,  O  that  I  had  wings  like  a  dove  :  for 
then  would  I  flee  away,  and  be  at  rest. 

7  Lo,  then  would  I  get  me  away  far  off  :  and 
remain  in  the  wilderness. 

8  I  would  make  haste  to  escape  :  because  of  the 
stormy  wind  and  tempest. 


*  Or,  among  them  that  uphold  my  soul. 

*  So  Heb.  marg.,  and  most  authorities  :  Heb.  text  has,  The 
evil  shall  rctimi  ('  recompense  '  is  lit.  cause  to  return). 

Cf.  V.  8.  <  Properly,  musing. 

^  Or,  am  distracted.    But  the  word,  though  found  in  Arabic, 
is  doubtful  in  Hebrew.     Read    probably,  with  a  very  slight 


BOOK  11  ]  PSALM  LV  153 

4  Behold,  God  is  my  helper  : 

the  Lord  is  the  Upholder  of  my  soul '. 

5  He  shall  recompense  the  eviP  unto  my  watchful 

foes  ^ : 

0  exterminate  them  in  thy  truth. 

6  With  a  free  will  I  will  sacrifice  unto  thee ; 

1  will  give  thanks  unto  thy  name,  O  Jehovah, 
for  it  is  good. 

7  For  he  hath  delivered  me  out  of  all  trouble  ; 

and  mine  eye  hath  seen  (its  desire)  upon  mine 
enemies. 

Psalm  LV. 

1  Give  ear,  O  God,  to  my  prayer, 

and  hide  not  thyself  from  my  supplication. 

2  Attend  unto  me,  and  answer  me  : 

I  am  restless  in  my  complaint  *,  and  am  driven 
about  ^ ; 

3  Because  of  the  voice  of  the  enemy, 

because  of  the  constraint  of  the  wicked  ; 
for  they  start  ®  calamity ''  upon  me, 
and  in  anger  are  they  set  against  me. 

4  My  heart  within  me  is  in  pangs  ; 

and  the  terrors  of  death  are  fallen  upon  me. 

5  Fear  and  trembling  come  upon  me, 

and  horror  hath  covered  me  ^ 

6  And  I  said,  '  O  that  I  had  pinions  like  a  dove  ! 

'  then  would  I  fly  away,  and  abide  ; 

7  '  Lo,  then  would  I  flee  far  off, 

'  I  would  lodge  in  the  wilderness ; 

8  '  I  would  hasten  my  escape 

'  from  the  running  (?)  wind',  from  the  whirlwind.' 

change,  and  do  moan  (cf.  v.  17}. 

*  Or,  dislodge  :  lit.  cause  to  move  or  toiler, 

''  Lit.  naughtiness  :  see  Glossary  I. 

"  Cf.  Ez.  vii.  18. 

^  So,  though  questionably,  from  the  Arabic.    Read  probably, 
from  the  blast  of  the  tempest. 


154  THE  PSALMS  [day  IO 

9  Destroy  their  tongues,  O  Lord,  and  divide  them  : 
for  I  have  spied  unrighteousness  and  strife  in  the  city. 

10  Day  and  night  they  go  about  within  the  walls 
thereof  :  mischief  also  and  sorrow  are  in  the  midst 
of  it. 

1 1  Wickedness  is  therein  :  deceit  and  guile  go  not 
out  of  their  streets. 

12  For  it  is  not  an  open  enemy,  that  hath  done  me 
this  dishonour  :  for  then  I  could  have  borne  it. 

13  Neither  was  it  mine  adversary,  that  did  magnify 
himself  against  me  :  for  then  (peradventure)  I  would 
have  hid  myself  from  him. 

14  But  it  was  even  thou,  my  companion  :  my  guide, 
and  mine  own  familiar  friend. 

15  We  took  sweet  counsel  together  :  and  walked  in 
the  house  of  God  as  friends. 

16  Let  death  come  hastily  upon  them,  and  let  them 
go  down  quick  into  hell  :  for  wickedness  is  in  their 
dwellings,  and  among  them. 

1 7  As  for  me,  I  will  call  upon  God  :  and  the  Lord 
shall  save  me. 

18  Li  the  evening,  and  morning,  and  at  noon-day 
will  I  pray,  and  that  instantly  :  and  he  shall  hear  my 
voice. 

19  It  is  he  that  hath  delivered  my  soul  in  peace 
from  the  battle  that  was  against  me  :  for  there  were 
many  with  me. 

20  Yea,  even  God,  that  endureth  for  ever,  shall 
hear  me,  and  bring  them  down  :  for  they  will  not 
turn,  nor  fear  God. 


'  i.  e.  their  speech  (cf.  Gen.  xi.  6-9).  ^  Properly,  muse. 

'  Faith  anticipating  the  future  (cf.  xxii.  21"). 
*  Or,  less  probably, /ro;«  the  battle  affecting  me. 
^  Or,    with    other   vowel-points,   humble  them.     So    Sept., 
Syr.,  Vulg.,  Jer. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LV  155 

9  Swallow  up,  O  Lord  ;  divide  their  tongue  ^  : 

for  I  have  seen  violence  and  strife  in  the  city. 

10  Day  and  night  they  go  round  about  it  upon  the 

walls  thereof; 
naughtiness  also  and  mischief  are  in  the  midst  of  it : 

11  Engulfing  ruin  is  in  the  midst  of  it ; 

oppression  also  and  deceit  depart  not  from  its 
broad  place. 

12  For  it  was  not  an  enemy  that  reproached  me  ; 

then  I  could  have  borne  it : 

neither  was  it  he  that  hated  me,  that  did  magnify 

himself  against  me  ; 
then  I  could  have  hid  myself  from  him  : 

13  But  it  was  thou,  a  man  mine  equal, 

mine  associate,  and  my  familiar  friend. 

14  Together  we  used  to  hold  sweet  converse, 

(and)  to  walk  in  the  house  of  God  with  the  throng. 

15  Let  death  come  treacherously  upon  them, 

let  them  go  down  alive  into  Sheol ; 
for  wickednesses  are   in  their   dwelling,  (and) 
within  them. 

16  As  for  me,  I  will  call  unto  God  ; 

and  Jehovah  shall  save  me. 

17  At  evening,  and  at  morning,  and  at  noonday,  will 

I  complain  ^,  and  moan  : 
and — he  hath  heard  my  voice*  ! 

18  He  hath  ransomed  my  soul  in  peace,  that  none 

should  come  nigh  me  * ! 
for  there  have  been  many  (striving)  with  me. 

19  God  shall  hear,  and  answer  them'', 

and  he  that  sitteth  (enthroned)  from  of  old ", 
(namely,  the  men)  who  have  no  changes  '^, 
and  who  fear  not  God. 

°  The  text  seems  incomplete.  Read  probably,  dividing  two 
words  differently,  God  shall  hear,  and  he  that  sitteth  {enthroned) 
front  of  old  shall  humble  them. 

'  i.e.  (probably),  if  the  text  be  sound,  vicissitudes  of  fortune. 
Unbroken  prosperity  leads  them  to  forget  God. 


156  THE   PSALMS  [day  II 


21  He  laid  his  hands  upon  such  as  be  at  peace 
with  him  :  and  he  brake  his  covenant. 


22  The  words  of  his  mouth  were  softer  than  butter, 
iving  war  in  his  heart  :  his  word 
oil,  and  yet  be  they  very  swords. 


having  war  in  his  heart :  his  words  were  smoother  than 


23  O  cast  thy  burden  upon  the  Lord,  and  he  shall 
nourish  thee  :  and  shall  not  suffer  the  righteous  to 
fall  for  ever. 

24  And  as  for  them  :  thou,  O  God,  shalt  bring 
them  into  the  pit  of  destruction. 

25  The  blood-thirsty  and  deceitful  men  shall  not 
live  out  half  their  days  :  nevertheless,  my  trust  shall 
be  in  thee,  (O  Lord). 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  LVI.     Miserere  met,  Deus. 

1  Be  merciful  unto  me,  O  God,  for  man  goeth 
about  to  devour  me  :  he  is  daily  fighting,  and 
troubling  me. 

2  Mine  enemies  are  daily  in  hand  to  swallow  me 
up  :  for  they  be  many  that  fight  against  me,  O  thou 
most  Highest. 

3  Nevertheless,  though  I  am  sometime  afraid  :  yet 
put  I  my  trust  in  thee. 

4  I  will  praise  God,  because  of  his  word  :  I  have 
put  my  trust  in  God,  and  will  not  fear  what  flesh  can 
do  unto  me. 


'  Properly,  milk  artificially  soured, — in  Palestine  now  called 
lihen,  and  esteemed  as  a  refreshing  beverage  (cf.  Judg.  v.  25). 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LVI  T57 


20  He  hath  put  forth  his  hands  against  them  that 

were  at  peace  with  him  ; 
he  hath  profaned  his  covenant. 

21  Smooth    were    the   whey  Mike    speeches   of    his 

mouth  '^, 
but  his  heart  was  war ; 
softer  than  oil  were  his  words, 
yet  were  they  drawn  swords. 

22  Cast  thy  lot  upon  Jehovah,  and  he  will  sustain 

thee  : 
he  will  not  suffer  the  righteous  to  be  moved  for 
ever. 

23  But  thou,  O  God,  shalt  bring  them  down  into  the 

well  of  the  pit  : 
men  of  blood  and  deceit  shall  not  Hve  out  half 

their  days ; 
but  /  will  trust  in  thee. 


Psalm  LVI. 

Be  gracious  unto  me,  O  God,  for  man  panteth 
after  me ; 

all  the  day  he  fighting  oppresseth  me. 
My  watchful  foes  pant  after  me  all  the  day  ; 

for  many  with  high  looks  ^  are  fighting  against 
me. 
In  the  day  that  I  fear, 

/  will  trust  in  thee. 
Through  God  can  I  praise  his  word  : 

in  God  do  I  trust,  I  will  not  fear ; 

what  can  flesh  do  unto  me  ? 


2  Read,  perhaps,  Sntoother  than  whey  was  his  tnouth. 
^  So  Cheyne  :  lit.  are  fighting  on  high  ;  cf.  Ixxiii.  8. 


158  THE   PSALMS  [day  II 


5  They  daily  mistake  my  words  :  all  that  they 
imagine  is  to  do  me  evil. 

6  They  hold  all  together,  and  keep  themselves 
close  :  and  mark  my  steps,  when  they  lay  wait  for  my 
soul. 

7  Shall  they  escape  for  their  wickedness  :  thou, 
O  God,  in  thy  displeasure  shalt  cast  them  down. 

8  Thou  tellest  my  flittings ;  put  my  tears  into  thy 
bottle  :  are  not  these  things  noted  in  thy  book  ? 

9  Whensoever  I  call  upon  thee,  then  shall  mine 
enemies  be  put  to  flight  :  this  I  know ;  for  God  is  on 
my  side. 

10  In  God's  word  will  I  rejoice  :  in  the  Lord's 
word  will  I  comfort  me. 

1 1  Yea,  in  God  have  I  put  my  trust  :  I  will  not  be 
afraid  what  man  can  do  unto  me. 

12  Unto  thee,  O  God,  will  I  pay  my  vows  :  unto 
thee  will  I  give  thanks. 

13  For  thou  hast  delivered  my  soul  from  death, 
and  my  feet  from  falling  :  that  I  may  walk  before  God 
in  the  light  of  the  living. 


Psalm  LVII.     Miserere  mei,  Deus. 

1  Be  merciful  unto  me,  O  God,  be  merciful  unto 
me,  for  my  soul  trusteth  in  thee  :  and  under  the 
shadow  of  thy  wings  shall  be  my  refuge,  until  this 
tyranny  be  over-past. 

2  I  will  call  unto  the  most  high  God  :  even  unto 
the  God  that  shall  perform  the  cause  which  I  have  in 
hand, 

'  The  sense  is  uncertain.      Read  perhaps,  They  gather  in 
bands  (xciv,  21). 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LVII  159 


5  All  the  day  they  wrest  my  words  : 

against  me  are  all  their  thoughts  for  evil. 

6  They   collect   themselves   together ',   they   watch 

privily ; 
they  mark  my  steps, 
according  as  they  have  waited  for  my  soul. 

7  In  spite  of  naughtiness  (shall  there  be)  escape  for 

them  ? 
in  anger  bring  down  the  peoples,  O  God. 

8  Thou  hast  counted  my  wanderings  : 

put  my  tears  into  thy  water-skin  ; 
are  they  not  in  thy  book  ^  ? 

9  Then  shall  mine  enemies  turn  backward,  in  the  day 

•  that  I  call : 

this  I  know,  that  God  is  for  me  ^ 

10  Through  God  can  I  praise  (his)  word: 

through  Jehovah  can  I  praise  (his)  word. 

1 1  In  God  do  I  trust,  I  will  not  fear ; 

what  can  man  do  unto  me  ? 

12  Thy  vows  are  upon  me,  O  God  : 

I  will  pay  thank-offerings  unto  thee. 

13  For  thou  hast  delivered  my  soul  from  death; 

(hast    thou)    not     (delivered)    my    feet    from 

thrusts  ■*  ? 
that  I  may  walk  before  God  in  the  light  of  the 

living  ^ 

Psalm  LVII. 

1  Be  gracious  unto  me,  O  God,  be  gracious  unto  me  • 

for  in  thee  hath  my  soul  taken  refuge  ; 

and  in  the  shadow  of  thy  wings  will  I  take  refuge, 

until  engulfing  ruin  be  over-past. 

2  I  will  cry  unto  God  Most  High, 

unto  God  that  completeth  (all  things)  for  me. 

^  Or,  record.  ^  Josh.  v.  13. 

*  Cf.  cxviii.  13.  *  Or,  of  life. 


l6o  THE   PSALMS  [day  II 

3  He  shall  send  from  heaven  :  and  save  me  from 
the  reproof  of  him  that  would  eat  me  up. 

4  God  shall  send  forth  his  mercy  and  truth  :  my 
soul  is  among  lions. 

5  And  I  lie  even  among  the  children  of  men,  that 
are  set  on  fire  :  whose  teeth  are  spears  and  arrows, 
and  their  tongue  a  sharp  sword. 

6  Set  up  thyself,  O  God,  above  the  heavens  :  and 
thy  glory  above  all  the  earth. 

7  They  have  laid  a  net  for  my  feet,  and  pressed 
down  my  soul  :  they  have  digged  a  pit  before  me,  and 
are  fallen  into  the  midst  of  it  themselves. 

8  My  heart  is  fixed,  O  God,  my  heart  is  fixed  : 
I  will  sing,  and  give  praise. 

9  Awake  up,  my  glory ;  awake,  lute  and  harp  : 
I  myself  will  awake  right  early. 

10  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  among 
the  people  :  and  I  will  sing  unto  thee  among  the 
nations. 

11  For  the  greatness  of  thy  mercy  reacheth  unto 
the  heavens  :  and  thy  truth  unto  the  clouds. 

12  Set  up  thyself,  O  God,  above  the  heavens  :  and 
thy  glory  above  all  the  earth. 


Psalm  LVIII.     Si  vere  utique. 

I  Are  your  minds  set  upon  righteousness,  O  ye 
congregation  :  and  do  ye  judge  the  thing  that  is  right, 
O  ye  sons  of  men  ? 

'  Read  perhaps,  omitting,  one  letter.  My  soul  lieth  down  in 
the  midst  of  lions. 

2  With  vv.  7-1 1  comp.  cviii.  1-5. 

^  i.e.  stedfastly  resolved.     Cf.  \\.  10  ('  firm'),  cxii.  7. 

*  Or,  Do  ye  indeed  utter  the  dumbness  0/ justice  (».  e.  long- 
silent  justice)?     Or,  Is  indeed  the  Justice  that  ye  should  utter 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LVIII  l6l 


3  He  shall  send  from  heaven,  and  save  me, 

(when)  he  that  panteth  after  me  reproacheth ; 
God  shall  send  forth  his  kindness  and  his  truth. 

4  With  my  soul  in  the  midst  of  lions,  I  will  lie 

down  ^ : 
aflame  are  the  children  of  men ; 
their  teeth  are  spears  and  arrows, 
and  their  tongue  is  a  sharp  sword. 

5  Be  thou  exalted,  O  God,  above  the  heavens ; 

.(let)  thy  glory  (be)  above  all  the  earth. 

6  They  have  prepared  a  net  for  my  steps ; 

my  soul  is  bowed  down  : 

they  have  digged  a  pit  before  me ; 

they  are  fallen  into  the  midst  of  it. 

7  My^  heart  is  fixed ^  O  God,  my  heart  is  fixed" ; 

I  will  sing,  and  make  melody. 

8  Awake  up,  my  glory ;  awake,  lyre  and  harp  : 

I  will  awake  the  dawn. 

9  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  among  the 

peoples ; 
I  will  make  melody  unto  thee  among  the  nations. 

10  For  thy  kindness  is  great  unto  the  heavens, 

and  thy  truth  unto  the  skies. 

1 1  Be  thou  exalted,  O  God,  above  the  heavens  ; 

(let)  thy  glory  (be)  above  all  the  earth. 

Psalm  LVIII. 

I  Do  ye  indeed  in  dumbness  utter  justice  *? 

do  ye  judge  with  equity  the  children  of  men  ? 

dumb  ?  The  words  are  an  expostulation  with  judges  who 
neglect  their  duty;  but  the  exact  sense  is  uncertain,  and  the 
text  very  probably  incorrect.  Most  moderns,  changing  one 
point,  read,  Do  ye  indeed  speak  righteousness,  O  ye  gods  ? 
(cf.  Ixxxii.  I,  6). 


M 


l62  THE   PSALMS  [daY  II 


2  Yea,  ye  imagine  mischief  in  your  heart  upon  the 
earth  :  and  your  hands  deal  with  wickedness. 

3  The  ungodly  are  froward,  even  from  their  mother's 
womb  :  as  soon  as  they  are  born,  they  go  astray,  and 
speak  lies. 

4  They  are  as  venomous  as  the  poison  of  a  serpent : 
even  like  the  deaf  adder  that  stoppeth  her  ears ; 

5  Which  refuseth  to  hear  the  voice  of  the  charmer  : 
charm  he  never  so  wisely, 

6  Break  their  teeth,  O  God,  in  their  mouths  ;  smite 
the  jaw-bones  of  the  lions,  O  Lord  :  let  them  fall  away 
like  water  that  runneth  apace ;  and  when  they  shoot 
their  arrows  let  them  be  rooted  out. 

7  Let  them  consume  away  like  a  snail,  and  be  like 
the  untimely  fruit  of  a  woman  :  and  let  them  not  see 
the  sun. 


8  Or  ever  your  pots  be  made  hot  with  thorns  :  so 
let  indignation  vex  him,  even  as  a  thing  that  is  raw. 


9  The  righteous  shall  rejoice  when  he  seeth  the 
vengeance  :  he  shall  wash  his  footsteps  in  the  blood 
of  the  ungodly. 


*  Or,  in  the  land.  -      ^  Lit.//-ow  the  belly. 

'  See  Tristram's  Natural  History  of  the  Bible,  p.  271  f. 

*  Lit.  whisperers. 

*  Lit.  that  goeth  into  melting. 

*  Or,  perhaps,  the  green    and  the  burning  (?)    alike.       The 
precise  sense  is  uncertain,  the  word  rendered  '  hot  (embers),' 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  LVIII  163 

2  Yea,  in  heart  ye  work  unrighteousnesses  ; 

ye  weigh  out  in  the  earth  ^  the  violence  of  your 
hands. 

3  The  wicked  are  estranged  from  the  womb  ; 

as  soon  as  they  are  born  ^  they  go  astray,  speak- 
ing Hes. 

4  Their  poison  is  hke  the  poison  of  a  serpent : 

(they  are)  hke  the  deaf  cobra  ^  that  stoppeth  his 
ear; 

5  Which  hearkeneth  not  to  the  voice  of  charmers  *, 

or  of  the  wisest  binder  of  spells. 

6  Tear  away  their  teeth,  O  God,  in  their  mouth ; 

dash   out   the   eye-teeth   of    the   young   lions, 
Jehovah  : 

7  Let   them    melt  away   like   water  that    runneth 

apace ; 
when  one  (of  them)  aimeth  his  arrows,  let  them 
be  as  though  they  were  cut  off: 

8  (Let   them   be)  like  a  snail  melting  as  it  goeth 

along  ^ ; 
(like)  the  untimely  births  of  a  woman,  that  have 
not  beheld  the  sun. 

9  Before  your  pots  perceive  the  thorns, 

he  shall  sweep  it  away  with  a  whirlwind,  the  raw 
(flesh)  and  the  hot  embers  (?) "  alike. 

10  The  righteous  shall  be  glad  when  he  beholdeth  the 
vengeance ; 
he  shall  wash  his  footsteps  in  the  blood  of  the 
wicked : 


or  '  burning  (mass),'  elsewhere  always  denoting  the  '  heat '  of 
anger.  But  the  general  aim  of  the  verse  is  evidently  to  describe 
the  swift  destruction  of  the  wicked  and  their  schemes  under 
the  figure  of  a  fire  lighted  by  travellers  in  the  desert,  but 
rapidly  swept  away,  together  with  the  pots  placed  upon  it,  by 
a  sudden  whirlwind. 

M   2 


164  THE    PSALMS  [day  II 

10  So  that  a  man  shall  say,  Verily  there  is  a  reward 
for  the  righteous  :  doubtless  there  is  a  God  that 
judgeth  the  earth. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  LIX.     Eripe  7ne  de  inimicis. 

1  Deliver  me  from  mine  enemies,  O  God  :  defend 
me  from  them  that  rise  up  against  me. 

2  O  deliver  me  from  the  wicked  doers  :  and  save 
me  from  the  blood-thirsty  men. 

3  For  lo,  they  lie  waiting  for  my  soul  :  the  mighty 
men  are  gathered  against  me,  without  any  offence  or 
fault  of  me,  O  Lord.         * 


4  They  run  and  prepare  themselves  without  my 
fault  :  arise  thou  therefore  to  help  me,  and  behold. 

5  Stand  up,  O  Lord  God  of  hosts,  thou  God  of 
Israel,  to  visit  all  the  heathen  :  and  be  not  merciful 
unto  them  that  offend  of  malicious  wickedness. 


6  They  go  to  and  fro  in  the  evening  :  they  grin 
like  a  dog,  and  run  about  through  the  city. 

7  Behold,  they  speak  with  their  mouth,  and  swords 
are  in  their  lips  :  for  who  doth  hear  ? 

8  But  thou,  O  Lord,  shalt  have  them  in  derision  : 
and  thou  shalt  laugh  all  the  heathen  to  scorn. 

9  My  strength  will  I  ascribe  unto  thee  :  for  thou  art 
the  God  of  my  refuge. 

*  Heh.  fruit;  cf.  Is.  iii.  10,  Prov.  i.  31. 
^  Or,  i/iere  are  gods  (z.  e.  divine  powers)  judging. 
'  The  sense  is  uncertain.     Read  perhaps,  gather  in  bands 
(xciv.  21)  ;  cf.  Ivi.  6. 
^  Cf.  XXV.  3. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LIX  165 

1 1  And  men  shall  say, '  Verily  there  is  a  reward  ^  for 
the  righteous  ; 
'  verily  there  is  a  God  that  judgeth  ^  in  the  earth.' 


Psalm  LIX. 

1  Deliver  me  from  mine  enemies,  O  my  God  : 

set  me  on  high  from  them  that  rise  up  against  me. 

2  Deliver  me  from  them  that  work  naughtiness, 

and  save  me  from  men  of  blood. 

3  For,  lo,  they  lie  in  ambush  for  my  soul ; 

strong  ones  collect  themselves  together  ^  against 

me; 
without  any  transgression  or   sin  of  mine,   O 

Jehovah. 

4  Without  iniquity  (of  mine)  they  run  and  station 

themselves  : 
arouse  thyself  to  meet  me,  and  behold. 

5  And  thou,  Jehovah  God  of  hosts,  the  God  of  Israel, 

awake  to  visit  all  the  nations ; 
be  not  gracious  unto  all  them  that  are  faithless  * 
(towards  thee)  in  naughtiness. 

6  They  return  in  the  evening,  they  snarl  like  a  dog, 

and  go  round  about  the  city. 

7  Behold,  they  belch  out  with  their  mouth ; 

swords  are  in  their  Hps  ; 

'  for  who,'  (say  they,)  'doth  hear?' 

8  But  thou,  Jehovah,  wilt  laugh  at  them  ; 

thou  wilt  mock  at  all  the  nations. 

9  O  my  strength  '",  unto  thee  will  I  make  melody  ® : 

for  God  is  my  high  retreat. 

*  So  Sept.,  Vulg.,  Targ.,  Jer.,  and  some  Heb.  MSS. ;  cf. 
V.  17.   The  Heb.  text  has,  His  strength,  which  yields  no  sense. 

*  So  Syr.,  and  many  moderns  (one  letter  changed)  ;  cf. 
V.  17.  The  Heb.  te.Kt  has,  ovo-  ilice  vuill  I  keep  guafd  (i  Sam, 
xxvi.  15,  2  Sam.  xi.  16). 


l66  THE  PSALMS  [day  II 


10  God  sheweth  me  his  goodness  plenteously  :  and 
God  shall  let  me  see  my  desire  upon  mine  enemies. 

11  Slay  them  not,  lest  my  people  forget  it  :  but 
scatter  them  abroad  among  the  people,  and  put  them 
down,  O  Lord,  our  defence. 

1 2  For  the  sin  of  their  mouth,  and  for  the  words  of 
their  lips,  they  shall  be  taken  in  their  pride  :  and 
why  ?  their  preaching  is  of  cursing  and  lies. 

13  Consume  them  in  thy  wrath,  consume  them, 
that  they  may  perish  :  and  know  that  it  is  God  that 
ruleth  in  Jacob,  and  unto  the  ends  of  the  world. 

14  And  in  the  evening  they  will  return  :  grin  like 
a  dog,  and  will  go  about  the  city. 

15  They  will  run  here  and  there  for  meat  :  and 
grudge  if  they  be  not  satisfied. 

16  As  for  me,  I  will  sing  of  thy  power,  and  will 
praise  thy  mercy  betimes  in  the  morning  :  for  thou 
hast  been  my  defence  and  refuge  in  the  day  of  my 
trouble. 

17  Unto  thee,  O  my  strength,  will  I  sing  :  for  thou, 
O  God,  art  my  refuge,  and  my  merciful  God. 

Psalm  LX.     Dens,  repiilisti  nos. 

1  O  God,  thou  hast  cast  us  out,  and  scattered  us 
abroad  :  thou  hast  also  been  displeased ;  O  turn  thee 
unto  us  again. 

2  Thou  hast  moved  the  land,  and  divided  it  :  heal 
the  sores  thereof,  for  it  shakeih. 


1  So  Heb.  text,  Sept.,  Vulg. ;   The  God  of  my  kindness,  Heb. 
gram.,  Targ.  (cf.  y.  17).  2  Qr,  by  thy  might. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LX  167 


10  My  God  with  his  kindness  ^  shall  come  to  meet  me  : 

God   shall   let   me   see   (my  desire)   upon  my 
watchful  foes. 

1 1  Slay  them  not,  lest  my  people  forget : 

make  them  wander  up  and  down  by  thine  army^, 

and  bring  them  down, 
O  Lord,  our  shield. 

1 2  A  sin  of  their  mouth  is  the  word  of  their  lips  ; 

let  them  be  caught,  then,  in  their  pride, 

and  for  the  cursing  and  lying  which  they  talk. 

13  Consume  (them)  in  wrath,  consume  (them),  that 

they  be  no  more ; 
and  let  them  know  that  God  ruleth  in  Jacob, 
unto  the  ends  of  the  earth. 

14  And  they  return  in  the  evening,  they  snarl  like 

a  dog, 
and  go  round  about  the  city. 

1 5  They  indeed  wander  up  and  down  to  devour  : 

if  they  are  not  satisfied,  then  they  tarry  all  night  ^ 

16  But  as  for  me,  I  will  sing  of  thy  strength; 

and  I  will  ring  out  thy  kindness  in  the  morning  : 

for  thou  hast  been  to  me  a  high  retreat, 

and  a  place  to  flee  unto  in  the  day  of  my  distress. 

1 7  O  my  strength,  unto  thee  will  I  make  melody  : 

for  God  is  my  high  retreat,  the  God  of  my 
kindness. 

Psalm  LX. 

1  O  God,  thou  hast  cast  us  off,  thou  hast  broken  us 

down  : 
thou  hast  been  angry ;  O  restore  us  again. 

2  Thou  hast  made  the   land  to  shake,  thou  hast 

cleft  it : 
heal  the  breaches  thereof,  for  it  is  moved. 


3 


Or,  with  a  change  of  points,  then  they  murmur  (complain)  ; 
so  Sept.,  Aq.,  Vulg.,  Jer.  (cf,  P.B.V.),  and  some  moderns. 


l68  THE   PSALMS  [day  II 

3  Thou  hast  shewed  thy  people  heavy  things  :  thou 
hast  given  us  a  drink  of  deadly  wine. 

4  Thou  hast  given  a  token  for  such  as  fear  thee : 
that  they  may  triumph  because  of  the  truth. 

5  Therefore  were  thy  beloved  delivered  :  help  me 
with  thy  right  hand,  and  hear  me. 

6  God  hath  spoken  in  his  holiness,  I  will  rejoice, 
and  divide  Sichem  :  and  mete  out  the  valley  of 
Succoth. 

7  Gilead  is  mine,  and  Manasses  is  mine  :  Ephraim 
also  is  the  strength  of  my  head ;  Judah  is  my  law- 
giver ; 

8  Moab  is  my  wash-pot ;  over  Edom  will  I  cast 
out  my  shoe  :  Philistia,  be  thou  glad  of  me. 

9  Who  will  lead  me  into  the  strong  city  :  who  will 
bring  me  into  Edom  ? 

10  Hast  not  thou  cast  us  out,  O  God  :  wilt  not 
thou,  O  God,  go  out  with  our  hosts  ? 

11  O  be  thou  our  help  in  trouble  :  for  vain  is  the 
help  of  man. 

1 2  Through  God  will  we  do  great  acts  :  for  it  is  he 
that  shall  tread  down  our  enemies. 

Psalm  LXI.     Exaudi,  Deus. 

I  Hear  my  crying,  O  God  :  give  ear  unto  my 
prayer. 

^  Fig.  for,  hast  sent  upon  us  a  bewildering  and  paralysing 
calamity  ;  cf.  Is.  li.  a2,  Jer.  xxv.  15,  16. 

-  So  Sept.,  Symm.,  Vulg.,  Jer.,  and  many  moderns  (change 
of  one  letter).  The  verse  is'meant  ironically.  Heb.  text  has, 
that  they  may  display  it  because  of  the  truth. 

^  With  vv.  5-12,  comp.  cviii.  6-13. 

*  So  Heb.  text.  Heb.  marg.,  Ancient  Versions,  and  many 
MSS.,  read  me;  so  also  Ps.  cviii.  6. 

*  i.  e.  promised.     The  Psalmist  appeals  to  an  ancient  oracle, 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXI  169 


3  Thou  hast  caused  thy  people  to  see  hard  things  : 

thou  hast  made  us  to  drink  the  wine  of  staggering  \ 

4  Thou  hast  given  a  banner  to  them  that  fear  thee, 

that  they  may  betake  themselves  to  flight  from 
before  the  bow  ^ 

5  That  ^  thy  beloved  ones  may  be  delivered, 

save  with  thy  right  hand,  and  answer  us  *. 

6  God  hath  spoken^  by  his  holiness:  'I  will  exult ; 

'  I  will  divide  Shechem,  and  mete  out  the  vale 
of  Succoth. 

7  '  Gilead  is  mine,  and  Manasseh  is  mine  ; 

'  Ephraim  also  is  the  defence  of  my  head  ; 
'  Judah  is  my  commander's  staff. 

8  '  Moab  is  my  wash-pot ; 

'  upon  Edom  will  I  cast  my  sandal  ® : 
'  Philistia,  shout  thou  because  of  me^' 

9  Who  will  conduct  me  ^  into  the  entrenched  city  ? 

who  can  lead  me  unto  Edom  ? 

10  Hast  not  thou  cast  us  off,  O  God? 

and  thou  goest  not  forth,  O  God,  with  our  hosts. 

1 1  O  give  us  help  against  the  adversary  : 

for  vain  is  the  salvation  of  man. 

12  Through  God  we  shall  do  valiantly  ; 

and  he  will  tread  down  our  adversaries. 

Psalm  LXI. 

I   Hear  my  ringing  cry,  O  God ; 
attend  unto  my  prayer. 

in  which  Jehovah  had  promised  to  grant  His  people  the  posses- 
sion of  Canaan,  and  to  humble  their  envious  neighbours. 

*  Supposed  to  be  a  legal  symbol  for  taking  possession  of 
a  piece  of  land  (cf.  drawing  off  the  sandal  in  renouncing  a 
right,  Ruth  iv.  7).  Or,  unto  Edom,  &c.,  Edom  being  then 
represented  as  the  slave  to  whom  his  master  tosses  his  sandals. 

^  Or,  with  a  change  of  points,  over  Philistia  shall  be  my 
shout  [of  triumph')  \  cf.  cviii.  9. 

*  Vis.  in  triumphal  procession,  as  a  conqueror. 


lyo  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  12 


2  From  the  ends  of  the  earth  will  I  call  upon  thee  : 
when  my  heart  is  in  heaviness. 

3  O  set  me  up  upon  the  rock  that  is  higher  than 
I  :  for  thou  hast  been  my  hope,  and  a  strong  tower 
for  me  against  the  enemy. 

4  I  will  dwell  in  thy  tabernacle  for  ever  :  and  my 
trust  shall  be  under  the  covering  of  thy  wings. 

5  For  thou,  O  Lord,  hast  heard  my  desires  :  and 
hast  given  an  heritage  unto  those  that  fear  thy  Name. 

6  Thou  shalt  grant  the  King  a  long  life  :  that  his 
years  may  endure  throughout  all  generations. 

7  He  shall  dwell  before  God  for  ever  :  O  prepare 
thy  loving  mercy  and  faithfulness,  that  they  may 
preserve  him, 

8  So  will  I  alway  sing  praise  unto  thy  Name  :  that 
I  may  daily  perform  my  vows. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  LXII.     Nonne  Deo  ? 

1  My  soul  truly  waiteth  still  upon  God  :  for  of  him 
cometh  my  salvation. 

2  He  verily  is  my  strength  and  my  salvation  :  he  is 
my  defence,  so  that  I  shall  not  greatly  fall. 

3  How  long  will  ye  imagine  mischief  against  every 
man  :  ye  shall  be  slain  all  the  sort  of  you ;  yea,  as 
a  tottering  wall  shall  yeiDC,  and  like  a  broken  hedge. 


^  Or,  be  a  guest  (cf.  xv.  i). 

'  Or,  Surely.     So  vv.  a,  4,  5,  6,  g. 

*  i.  e.  resigned,  submissive  ;  cf.  xxxvii.  7. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXII  171 


2  From  the  bounds  of  the   earth  will  I  call  unto 

thee,  when  my  heart  fainteth  : 
lead  me  to  the  rock  that  is  too  high  for  me. 

3  For  thou  hast  been  a  refuge  for  me, 

a  strong  tower  from  before  the  enemy. 

4  Let  me  sojourn  ^  in  thy  tent  for  evermore ; 

let  me  take  refuge  in  the  hiding-place  of  thy 
wings. 

5  For  thou  hast  heard  my  vows,  O  God  : 

thou  hast  granted  the  possession  of  them  that 
fear  thy  name. 

6  Mayest  thou  add  days  to  the  days  of  the  king  ! 

may  his  years  be  as  many  generations  ! 

7  May  he  sit  (enthroned)  before  God  for  ever  ! 

appoint  kindness  and  truth,  that  they  may  pre- 
serve him. 

8  So  will  I  make  melody  unto  thy  name  for  ever, 

that  I  may  daily  pay  my  vows. 


Psalm  LXII. 

1  Only  ^  unto  God  is  my  soul  stillness  ^ : 

from  him  (cometh)  my  salvation. 

2  Only  he  is  my  rock  and  my  salvation  : 

my  high  retreat ;  I  shall  not  be  greatly  moved. 

3  How  long  will  ye  rush  at  a  man, 

battering  (him)  *,  all  of  you, 

like  a  leaning  wall,  a  fence  pushed  in  ? 

♦  Or,  murdering  {him).  Many  MSS.  and  editions  read,  with 
a  very  slight  difference  of  punctuation,  but  against  the  con- 
text, _j'e  shall  be  murdered. 


172  THE   PSALMS  [day  12 

4  Their  device  is  only  how  to  put  him  out  whom 
God  will  exalt  :  their  delight  is  in  lies ;  they  give 
good  words  with  their  mouth,  but  curse  with  their 
heart. 

5  Nevertheless,  my  soul,  wait  thou  still  upon  God  : 
for  my  hope  is  in  him. 

6  He  truly  is  my  strength  and  my  salvation  :  he  is 
my  defence,  so  that  I  shall  not  fall. 

7  In  God  is  my  health,  and  my  glory  :  the  rock  of 
my  might,  and  in  God  is  my  trust. 

8  O  put  your  trust  in  him  alway,  ye  people  :  pour 
out  your  hearts  before  him,  for  God  is  our  hope. 

9  As  for  the  children  of  men,  they  are  but  vanity  : 
the  children  of  men  are  deceitful  upon  the  weights, 
they  are  altogether  lighter  than  vanity  itself. 

10  O  trust  not  in  wrong  and  robbery,  give  not 
yourselves  unto  vanity  :  if  riches  increase,  set  not  your 
heart  upon  them. 

11  God  spake  once,  and  twice  I  have  also  heard 
the  same  :  that  power  belongeth  unto  God ; 

12  And  that  thou.  Lord,  art  merciful  :  for  thou 
rewardest  every  man  according  to  his  work. 

Psalm  LXIII.     Deus,  Deus  mens. 

1  O  God,  thou  art  my  God  :  early  will  I  seek 
thee. 

2  My  soul  thirsteth  for  thee,  my  flesh  also  longeth 
after  thee  :  in  a  barren  and  dry  land  where  no 
water  is. 

'  Or,  a  breath  ;  cf.  xxxix.  5,  u. 
2  i.  e.  a  deceptive  help. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXIII  173 

4  Only  from  his  dignity  to  thrust  him  out  have  they 

consulted,  taking  pleasure  in  lies  ; 
with  their  mouth  do  they  bless,  but  inwardly 
they  curse. 

5  Only  unto  God  be  thou  still,  my  soul ; 

for  from  him  (cometh)  my  hope. 

6  Only  he  is  my  rock  and  my  salvation  : 

my  high  retreat ;  I  shall  not  be  moved. 

7  Upon  God  (resteth)  my  salvation  and  my  glory : 

the  rock  of  my  strength,  (and)  my  refuge,  is  in 
God. 

8  Trust  in  him  at  all  times,  ye  people ; 

pour  out  your  heart  before  him  : 
God  is  a  refuge  for  us. 

9  Only  vanity^  are   the   sons   of  mankind,   (only) 

a  lie  ^  are  the  sons  of  men  ; 
in  the  balances  they  will  go  up  ^, 
they  are  all  together  made  of  vanity  \ 

10  Trust  not  in  oppression, 

and  become  not  vain  through  robbery  : 
if  wealth  beareth  fruit,  pay  no  regard. 

1 1  One  thing  hath  God  spoken, 

two  things  are  there  which  I  have  heard  : 
that  strength  belongeth  unto  God ; 

1 2  And  that  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  belongeth  kindness  : 

for  thou  repayest^  every  man  according  to  his 
work. 

Psalm   LXIII. 

I  O  God,   thou  art  my   God,  earnestly  do  I  seek 

thee ; 
my  soul  thirsteth  for  thee,  my  flesh  craveth  for 

thee, 
in  a  dry  and  weary  land,  where  no  water  is. 

^  Or,  if  they  are  laid  m  the  balances. 

*  Or,  lighter  than.  ^  Cf.  xxxi.  23. 


174  THE   PSALMS  [day  12 

3  Thus  have  I  looked  for  thee  in  holiness  :  that 
I  might  behold  thy  power  and  glory. 

4  For  thy  loving-kindness  is  better  than  the  life 
itself  :  my  lips  shall  praise  thee. 

5  As  long  as  I  live  will  I  magnify  thee  on  this 
manner  :  and  lift  up  my  hands  in  thy  Name. 

6  My  soul  shall  be  satisfied,  even  as  it  were  with 
marrow  and  fatness  :  when  my  mouth  praiseth  thee 
with  joyful  lips. 

7  Have  I  not  remembered  thee  in  my  bed  :  and 
thought  upon  thee  when  I  was  waking  ? 

8  Because  thou  hast  been  my  helper  :  therefore 
under  the  shadow  of  thy  wings  will  I  rejoice. 

9  My  soul  hangeth  upon  thee  :  thy  right  hand  hath 
upholden  me. 

10  These  also  that  seek  the  hurt  of  my  soul  :  they 
shall  go  under  the  earth. 

1 1  Let  them  fall  upon  the  edge  of  the  sword  :  that 
they  may  be  a  portion  for  foxes. 

12  But  the  King  shall  rejoice  in  God ;  all  they  also 
that  swear  by  him  shall  be  commended  :  for  the 
mouth  of  them  that  speak  lies  shall  be  stopped. 

Psalm  LXIV.     Exaudi,  Deus. 

1  Hear  my  voice,  O  God,  in  my  prayer  :  preserve 
my  life  from  fear  of  the  enemy. 

2  Hide  me  from  the  gathering  together  of  the 
froward  :  and  from  the"  insurrection  of  wicked  doers ; 

*  Read,  perhaps,  desired. 

^  Heb.yh/.  ^  Lit.  -murmur. 

*  i.e.  into  Sheol  (cf.  Ez.  xxvi.  20). 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXIV  175 

2  So    (longingly)    have    I    beheld '    thee    in    the 

sanctuary, 
to  see  thy  strength  and  thy  glory. 

3  For  thy  kindness  is  better  than  life ; 

my  lips  shall  laud  thee. 

4  So  (gratefully)  will  I  bless  thee  as  long  as  I  live  : 

I  will  lift  up  my  hands  in  thy  name. 

5  My  soul  is  satisfied  as  with  marrow  ^  and  fatness ; 

and  with  lips  uttering   ringing  cries  doth  my 
mouth  praise  (thee). 

6  If  I  remember  thee  upon  my  couch, 

I  meditate  ^  on  thee  in  the  night-watches. 

7  For  thou  hast  been  my  help, 

and  in  the  shadow  of  thy  wings  I  can  ring  out 
my  joy. 

8  My  soul  cleaveth  after  thee : 

thy  right  hand  holdeth  me  fast. 

9  But  they  to  (their  own)  desolation  seek  my  soul, 

they  shall  go  into  the  nether  parts  of  the  earth  *. 

10  They  shall  be  spilled  into'  the   power*'  of  the 

sword ; 
they  shall  be  a  portion  for  jackals. 

1 1  But  the  king  shall  rejoice  in  God  ; 

every  one  that  sweareth  by  him  shall  glory ; 
for  the  mouth  of  them  that  speak  lies  shall  be 
stopped. 

Psalm  LXIV. 

1  Hear  my  voice,  O  God,  in  my  complaint '' : 

preserve  my  life  from  the  terror  of  the  enemy. 

2  Hide  me  from  the  council  *  of  evil  doers ; 

from  the  throng  of  them  that  work  naughtiness  : 

°  Cf.  Jer.  xviii.  21,  Ez.  xxxv.  5  (A.V.,  R.V.,  'give  over*). 

*  Heb.  hands.  '  Properly,  my  ntusiytg. 

*  Or,  confidential  gathering. 


176  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  12 

3  Who  have  whet  their  tongue  hke  a  sword  :  and 
shoot  out  their  arrows,  even  bitter  words ; 

4  That  they  may  privily  shoot  at  him  that  is  perfect : 
suddenly  do  they  hit  him,  and  fear  not. 

5  They  encourage  themselves  in  mischief  :  and 
commune  among  themselves  how  they  may  lay  snares, 
and  say,  that  no  man  shall  see  them. 

6  They  imagine  wickedness,  and  practise  it  :  that 
they  keep  secret  among  themselves,  every  man  in  the 
deep  of  his  heart. 


7  But  God  shall  suddenly  shoot  at  them  with 
a  swift  arrow  :  that  they  shall  be  wounded. 

8  Yea,  their  own  tongues  shall  make  them  fall  : 
insomuch  that  whoso  seeth  them  shall  laugh  them  to 
scorn. 

9  And  all  men  that  see  it  shall  say,  This  hath  God 
done  :  for  they  shall  perceive  that  it  is  his  work. 

10  The  righteous  shall  rejoice  in  the  Lord,  and  put 
his  trust  in  him  :  and  all  they  that  are  true  of  heart 
shall  be  glad. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  LXV.     Te  decet  hymnus. 

1  Thou,  O  God,  art  praised  in  Sion  :  and  unto  thee 
shall  the  vow  be  performed  (in  Jerusalem). 

2  Thou  that  hearest  the  prayer  :  unto  thee  shall  all 
flesh  come. 


'  Lit.  word;  cf.  xxxv.  20.' 

*  Or,  neglecting  the  Heb.  interpunction,  But  God  shootetk 
at  them  with  an  arrow  ;  sudden  are  their  ivounds. 

^   Viz.  in  derision.     See  Jer.  xlviii.  27  ;  and  cf.  Ps.  xxii.  7. 

*  i.e.  resignation  (Ixii.  i)  ;  but  the  meaning  of  the  passage 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXV  177 


3  Who  have  whet  their  tongue  hke  a  sword, 

(and)  have  aimed  their  arrow,  a  bitter  plot ' : 

4  That  they    may   shoot   in    secret   places   at   the 

perfect : 
suddenly  do  they  shoot  at  him,  and  fear  not. 

5  They  make  strong  for  themselves  an  evil  plot ' ; 

they  tell  of  hiding  gins  ; 

they  say,  '  Who  will  see  them  ?  ' 

6  They  scheme  unrighteousnesses;  'We  have  perfect- 

ed (?),'  (say  they,)  '  a  well-schemed  scheme  : ' 
and   the   inward   part   of  every  one,  and   the 
heart,  is  deep. 

7  But  God  shooteth  at  them  ; 

a  sudden  arrow  are  their  wounds  -. 

8  And  they  are  made  to  stumble,  their  own  tongue 

being  against  them  : 
all  that  look  upon  them  wag  the  head  I 

9  And  all  men  fear  ; 

and  declare  the  work  of  God, 
and  understand  his  doing. 
xo  The  righteous  shall  be  glad  in  Jehovah,  and  take 
refuge  in  him  ; 
and  all  they  that  are  upright  of  heart  shall  glory. 


Psalm  LXV. 

Unto  thee  stillness  *  is  praise,  O  God,  in  Zion  : 

and  unto  thee  is  the  vow  paid. 
O  thou  that  hearest  prayer, 

unto  thee  do  all  flesh  come. 


is  doubtful,  and  the  text  is  probably  corrupt.  Sept.,  Syr., 
Vulg.  render  Praise  bcseemeih  thee  :  this  sense  would  be  suitable, 
but  it  is  a  very  questionable  rendering  of  the  existing  Hebrew 
text  (even  with  a  change  of  vowel-points). 


N 


178  THE   PSALMS  [day  12 

3  My  misdeeds  prevail  against  me  :  O  be  thou 
merciful  unto  our  sins. 

4  Blessed  is  the  man,  whom  thou  choosest,  and 
receivest  unto  thee  :  he  shall  dwell  in  thy  court,  and 
shall  be  satisfied  with  the  pleasures  of  thy  house,  even 
of  thy  holy  temple. 


5  Thou  shalt  shew  us  wonderful  things  in  thy 
righteousness,  O  God  of  our  salvation  :  thou  that  art 
the  hope  of  all  the  ends  of  the  earth,  and  of  them 
that  remain  in  the  broad  sea. 


6  Who  in  his  strength  setteth  fast  the  mountains  : 
and  is  girded  about  with  power. 

7  Who  stilleth  the  raging  of  the  sea  :  and  the  noise 
of  his  waves,  and  the  madness  of  the  people. 

8  They  also  that  dwell  in  the  uttermost  parts  of 
the  earth  shall  be  afraid  at  thy  tokens  :  thou  that 
makest  the  outgoings  of  the  morning  and  evening  to 
praise  thee. 

9  Thou  visitest  the  earth,  and  blessest  it  :  thou 
makest  it  very  plenteous. 

ID  The  river  of  God  is  full  of  water  :  thou  preparest 
their  corn,  for  so  thou  providest  for  the  earth. 


1 1  Thou  waterest  her  furrows,  thou  sendest  rain 
into  the  little  valleys  thereof  :  thou  makest  it  soft 
with  the  drops  of  rain,  and  blessest  the  increase 
of  it. 


^  Heb.  the  matters  (or  iitnis)  of  iniquities. 
^  Read  perhaps,  and  of  isles  (or  coasts)  afar  off  {Is.  Ixvi.  19). 
^  i.e.  the  places  whence  morning  and  evening  issue  forth  ; 
poet,  for  East  and  West. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  LXV  179 

3  Manifold  iniquities  '  are  too  strong  for  me  : 

as  for  our  transgressions,  thou  wilt  cancel  them. 

4  Happy  is  he  whom  thou  choosest,  and  bringest  near, 

that  he  may  dwell  in  thy  courts  : 

O  may  we  be  satisfied  with  the  goodness  of  thy 

house, 
the  holy  place  of  thy  temple  ! 

5  With    terrible    things    dost    thou    answer    us    in 

righteousness, 
'  O  God  of  our  salvation  ; 
thou  that  art  the  trust  of  all  the-  bounds  of  the 

earth, 
and  of  the  sea  of  them  that  are  afar  off  ^ : 

6  Who  by  his  power  establisheth  the  mountains  ; 

being  girded  with  might  : 

7  Who  stilleth  the  roaring  of  the  seas,  the  roaring 

of  their  waves, 
and  the  tumult  of  the  peoples  : 

8  So  that  those  who  dwell  in  the  bounds  (of  the 

earth)  are  afraid  at  thy  signs  : 
thou  makest   the  outgoings  ^  of  morning    and 
evening  to  ring  out  their  joy. 

9  Thou  hast  visited  the  earth,  and  made  it  to  over- 

flow * ; 
thou  greatly  enrichest  it : 
the  channel  ®  of  God  is  full  of  water  : 
thou  preparest  their  corn,  for  so  preparest  thou 

her. 
10  Saturating  her  furrows, 

settling  down  her  ridges, 
thou  meltest  her  with  showers, 
thou  blessest  her  growth. 


*  Cf.  Joel  ii.  24,  iii.  13. 

^  i.  e.  the  channel  by  which  rain  is  poetically  supposed  to 
be  conducted  from  its  reservoirs  in  the  heavens.  Cf.  Job 
xxxviii.  25  ('  Who  hath  cleft  a  conduit  for  the  rain  ? '  &c.'. 

N   2 


l8o  THE   PSALMS  [day  12 

12  Thou  crownest  the  year  with  thy  goodness  : 
and  thy  clouds  drop  fatness. 

13  They  shall  drop  upon  the  dwellings  of  the 
wilderness  :  and  the  little  hills  shall  rejoice  on  every  side. 

14  The  folds  shall  be  full  of  sheep  :  the  valleys 
also  shall  stand  so  thick  with  corn,  that  they  shall 
laugh  and  sing. 

Psalm  LXVI.    Jubilate  Deo. 

1  O  be  joyful  in  God,  all  ye  lands  :  sing  praises 
unto  the  honour  of  his  Name,  make  his  praise  to  be 
glorious. 

2  Say  unto  God,  O  how  wonderful  art  thou  in  thy 
works  :  through  the  greatness  of  thy  power  shall  .thine 
enemies  be  found  liars  unto  thee. 

3  For  all  the  world  shall  worship  thee  :  sing  of 
thee,  and  praise  thy  Name. 

4  O  come  hither,  and  behold  the  works  of  God  : 
how  wonderful  he  is  in  his  doing  toward  the  children 
of  men. 

5  He  turned  the  sea  into  dry  land  :  so  that  they 
went  through  the  water  on  foot ;  there  did  we  rejoice 
thereof. 

6  He  ruleth  with  his  power  for  ever ;  his  eyes 
behold  the  people  :  and  such  as  will  not  believe  shall 
not  be  able  to  exalt  themselves. 

7  O  praise  our  God,  ye  people  :  and  make  the 
voice  of  his  praise  to  be  heard ; 

8  Who  holdeth  our  soul  in  life  :  and  suffereth  not 
our  feet  to  slip. 

9  For  thou,  O  God,  hast  proved  us  :  thou  also  hast 
tried  us,  like  as  silver  is  tried. 

^  Or,  with  the  change  of  a  letter,  the  year  uutih  thy  goodness. 
*  Cf.  on  Ps.  xviii.  44.      — 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXVI  l8l 

1 1  Thou  hast  crowned  the  year  of  thy  goodness ' ; 

and  thy  tracks  drop  with  fatness  : 

12  The  pastures  of  the  wilderness  drop  (therewith) : 

and  the  hills  are  girded  with  rejoicing. 

1 3  The  meadows  are  clothed  with  flocks  ; 

the  vales  also  are  decked  with  wheat ; 
they  shout  aloud,  yea,  they  sing. 

Psalm  LXVI. 

1  Shout  unto  God,  all  the  earth  : 

2  Make  melody  unto  the  glory  of  his  name  ; 

make  his  praise  to  be  glorious. 

3  Say  unto  God,  '  How  terrible  are  thy  works  ! 

'through  the   greatness  of  thy   strength   shall 
thine  enemies  come  cringing  '^  unto  thee. 

4  '  All  the  earth  shall  worship  thee, 

'  and  make  melody  unto  thee  ; 

'  they  shall  make  melody  unto  thy  name.' 

5  Come  and  see  the  works  of  God  : 

(who    is)   terrible   in   (his)   doing    toward   the 
children  of  men. 

6  He  turned  the  sea  into  dry  land ; 

they  passed  through  the  river  on  foot — 
there  let  us  be  glad  in  him  ! 

7  Who  ruleth  by  his  might  for  ever ; 

his  eyes  look  out  ^  upon  the  nations : 
let  not  the  refractory  exalt  themselves. 

8  O  bless  our  God,  ye  peoples, 

and  make  the  voice  of  his  praise  to  be  heard  : 

9  Who  hath  set  our  soul  in  life, 

and  suffered  not  our  foot  to  be  moved, 
lo  For  thou  hast  tried  us,  O  God; 

thou  hast  smelted  *  us,  as  silver  is  smelted. 

Asa  watchman  from  a  tower;  cf.  Prov.xv.  3  ('keep  watch'). 
Fig.  of  severe  trial;  cf.  Glossary  I. 


4 


1 82  THE   PSALMS  [daY  12 

10  Thou  broughtest  us  into  the  snare  :  and  laidest 
trouble  upon  our  loins. 

11  Thou  sufferedst  men  to  ride  over  our  heads  : 
we  went  through  fire  and  water,  and  thou  broughtest 
us  out  into  a  wealthy  place. 

12  I  will  go  into  thine  house  with  burnt-offerings  : 
and  will  pay  thee  my  vows,  which  I  promised  with 
my  lips,  and  spake  with  my  mouth,  when  I  was  in 
trouble. 

13  I  will  offer  unto  thee  fat  burnt-sacrifices,  with 
the  incense  of  rams  :  I  will  offer  bullocks  and  goats. 

14  O  come  hither,  and  hearken,  all  ye  that  fear  God  : 
and  I  will  tell  you  what  he  hath  done  for  my  soul. 

15  I  called  unto  him  with  my  mouth  :  and  gave  him 
praises  with  my  tongue. 

16  If  I  incline  unto  wickedness  with  mine  heart  : 
the  Lord  will  not  hear  me. 

17  But  God  hath  heard  me  :  and  considered  the 
voice  of  my  prayer. 

18  Praised  be  God  who  hath  not  cast  out  my 
prayer  :  nor  turned  his  mercy  from  me. 


Psalm  LXVII.     Dens  misereatur. 

1  God  be  merciful  unto  us,  and  bless  us  :  and 
shew  us  the  light  of  his  countenance,  (and  be  merciful 

unto  us)  ; 

2  That  thy  w^ay  may  be  known  upon  earth  :  thy 
saving  health  among  all 'nations. 

'  So  Sept.,  Symm.,  Targ.  (one  letter  changed)  :  for  the 
figure,  cf.  xviii.  19.  The  Heb.  text  has  sainration  (xxiii.  5, 
Ixv.  10).  '^  Cf.  Judg.  xi.  35,  36  (Heb.). 

^  Lit.  do,  i.  e.  prepare  for  sacrifice,   dress :  cf.   i   Ki.  xviii. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXVII  183 

1 1  Thou  broughtest  us  into  the  net ; 

thou  laidest  constraint  upon  our  loins. 

12  Thou  didst  cause  men  to  ride  over  our  heads; 

we  went  through  fire  and  through  water : 
but   thou    broughtest   us   out  into    a  spacious 
place  \ 

13  I  will  come  into  thy  house  with  burnt-offerings, 

I  will  pay  thee  my  vows, 

14  Wherewith  my  lips  opened  '^j 

and  which   my  mouth  spake,   when  I  was   in 
distress. 

15  Burnt-offerings  of  failings  will  I  offer  unto  thee, 

with  the  sweet  smoke  of  rams  ; 
I  will  offer  ^  bullocks  with  he-goats. 

16  Come  ye,  hearken,  all  ye  that  fear  God, 

and  I  will  tell  what  he  hath  done  for  riiy  soul. 

17  Unto  him  did  I  call  with  my  mouth, 

and  high  praise  *  was  under  ^  my  tongue  : 

18  If  I  had  had  naughtiness  in  view  in  mine  heart, 

the  Lord  would  not  hear : 

1 9  But  verily  God  hath  heard  ; 

he  hath  attended  to  the  voice  of  my  prayer. 

20  Blessed  be  God, 

who  hath  not  turned  away  my  prayer,  or"  his 
kindness  from  me. 

Psalm  LXVII. 

1  God  be  gracious  unto  us,  and  bless  us, 

(and)  make  his  face  to  shine  toward  us  "^ ; 

2  That  thy  way  may  be  known  in  the  earth, 

thy  salvation  among  all  nations. 


23,  26,  Ex.  xxix.  38,  39,  &c. 

*  Lit.  exaltation  ;  cf.  cxlix.  6,  and  xxx.  i. 

^  Ready  to  be  brought  out  when  required.     Cf.  x.  7. 

*  Read,  perhaps,  or  withheld.  '  Cf  Numb.  vi.  25. 


184  THE   PSALMS  [day  I3 

3  Let  the  people  praise  thee,  O  God  :  yea,  let  all 
the  people  praise  thee. 

4  O  let  the  nations  rejoice  and  be  glad  :  for  thou 
shalt  judge  the  folk  righteously,  and  govern  the 
nations  upon  earth. 

5  Let  the  people  praise  thee,  O  God  :  let  all  the 
people  praise  thee. 

6  Then  shall  the  earth  bring  forth  her  increase  : 
and  God,  even  our  own  God,  shall  give  us  his  blessing. 

7  God  shall  bless  us  :  and  all  the  ends  of  the 
world  shall  fear  him. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  LXVIIL     Exurgat  Deus. 

1  Let  God  arise,  and  let  his  enemies  be  scattered  : 
let  them  also  that  hate  him  flee  before  him. 

2  Like  as  the  smoke  vanisheth,  so  shalt  thou  drive 
them  away  :  and  like  as  wax  melteth  at  the  fire,  so 
let  the  ungodly  perish  at  the  presence  of  God. 

3  But  let  the  righteous  be  glad  and  rejoice  before 
God  :  let  them  also  be  merry  and  joyful. 

4  O  sing  unto  God,  and  sing  praises  unto  his  Name  : 
magnify  him  that  rideth  upon  the  heavens,  as  it  were 
upon  an  horse ;  praise  him  in  his  Name  JAH,  and 
rejoice  before  him. 

5  He  is  a  Father  of  the  fatherless,  and  defendeth 
the  cause  of  the  widows  :  even  God  in  his  holy 
habitation. 

6  He  is  the  God  that  maketh  men  to  be  of  one 
mind  in  an  house,  and  bringeth  the  prisoners  out  of 
captivity  :  but  letteth  the  runagates  continue  in 
scarceness. 

*  Cf.  Numb.  X.  35. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  LXVIII  185 


Let  the  peoples  give  thee  thanks,  O  God ; 

let  the  peoples,  all  of  them,  give  thee  thanks. 
Let  the  nations  be  glad  and  ring  out  their  joy  : 

for  thou  wilt  judge  the  peoples  with  equity, 

and  lead  the  nations  upon  earth. 

Let  the  peoples  give  thee  thanks,  O  God ; 

let  the  peoples,  all  of  them,  give  thee  thanks. 
The  earth  hath  yielded  her  increase  : 

may  God,  (even)  our  God.,  bless  us ! 
May  God  bless  us  ! 

and  let  all  the  ends  of  the  earth  fear  him. 


Psalm  LXVIIL 

Let  God  arise,  let  his  enemies  be  scattered ; 

and  let  them  that  hate  him  flee  before  him  ^. 
As  smoke  is  driven  away,  so  drive  them  away ; 

as  wax  melteth  before  the  fire, 

so  let  the  wicked  perish  at  the  presence  of  God. 
But  let  the  righteous  be  glad,  let  them  exult  before 
God ; 

yea,  let  them  be  joyful  with  gladness. 

Sing  unto  God,  make  melody  unto  his  name  : 
cast  up  a  highway  ^  for  him  that  rideth  through 

the  deserts  ; 
his  name  is  Jah ;  and  exult  ye  before  him. 

A  father  of  the   fatherless,  and  a  judge  of  the 
widows, 
is  God  in  his  holy  habitation. 

God  maketh  the  solitary  to  dwell  in  a  house ; 
he  bringeth  out  the  prisoners  into  prosperity  : 
only  the  refractory  dwell  in  a  parched  land, 

^  Cf.  Is.  xl.  3,  Ivii.  14,  Ixii.  10. 


l86  THE   PSALMS  [day  13 


7  O  God,  when  thou  wentest  forth  before  the 
people  :  when  thou  wentest  through  the  wilderness, 

8  The  earth  shook,  and  the  heavens  dropped  at 
the  presence  of  God  :  even  as  Sinai  also  was  moved 
at  the  presence  of  God,  who  is  the  God  of  Israel. 


9  Thou,  O  God,  sentest  a  gracious  rain  upon  thine 
inheritance  :  and  refreshedst  it  when  it  was  weary. 

10  Thy  congregation  shall  dwell  therein  :  for  thou, 
O  God,  hast  of  thy  goodness  prepared  for  the  poor. 

11  The  Lord  gave  the  word  :  great  was  the 
company  of  the  preachers. 

12  Kings  with  their  armies  did  flee,  and  were 
discomfited  :  and  they  of  the  household  divided  the 
spoil. 

13  Though  ye  have  lien  among  the  pots,  yet  shall 
ye  be  as  the  wings  of  a  dove  :  that  is  covered  with 
silver  wings,  and  her  feathers  like  gold. 

14  When  the  Almighty  scattered  kings  for  their 
sake  :  then  were  they  as  white  as  snow  in  Salmon. 

15  As  the  hill  of  Basan,  so  is  God's  hill  :  even  an 
high  hill,  as  the  hill  of  Basan. 


1  Cf.  Jud.  V.  4,  5. 

^  Alluding  to  the  settlement  of  the  Israelites  in  Canaan. 
Cf.  'family,'  Am.  iii.  2. 

^  Vv.  II -14  allude  to  national  victories  won  over  the 
Canaanites,  &c. 

*  Vis.  of  victory  ;  cf.  i  Sam.  xviii.  6,7, 

^  A  reproach  addressed  to  those  Israelites  who  preferred 
ease  at  home  to  the  dangers  of  the  battlefield  (cf.  Jud.  v.  16). 
The  meaning  of  the  next  two  lines  is  very  uncertain.     It  has 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXVIII  187 


7  O  God,  when  thou  wentest  forth  before  thy  people, 

when  thou  marchedst  through  the  desert ; 

8  The  earth  shook, 

yea,  the  heavens  dropped  (rain)  at  the  presence 

of  God  : 
yon  Sinai  (shook)  at  the  presence  of  God,  the 

God  of  Israel  \ 

9  A  bounteous  rain  thou  didst  shed  abroad,  O  God  ; 

when  thine  inheritance  was  weary,  thou  didst 
confirm  it. 

10  Thy  clan  (?)  dwelt  therein  ^ ; 

in  thy  goodness,  O  God,  thou  didst  prepare  for 
the  poor. 

1 1  The  ^  Lord  gave  the  word  : 

the  women  that  published  the  tidings*  were  a 
great  host : 

1 2  '  Kings  of  armies  do  flee,  do  flee  : 

'and  she  that  tarrieth  at  home   divideth   the 
spoil. 

13  'Will  ye  lie  between  the  sheepfolds^, 

'(as .  the  wings  of  a  dove  that  is  covered  with  silver, 
'  and  her  pinions  with  the  green  shimmering  of 
gold  ? ' 

14  When  the  Almighty"  scattered  kings  in  it, 

it  snowed  in  Zalmon. 

15  A''  mountain  of  God  is  the  mountain  of  Bashan  ®; 

a  mountain  of  peaks  is  the  mountain  of  Bashan. 


been  supposed  that  the  dove,  with  its  plumage  glittering  in 
the  sunshine,  is  a  figure  of  the  Israelites  who  remained  heed- 
lessly (Hos.  vii.  11)  basking  in  indolence  and  ease,  while  their 
brethren  were  fighting  the  battles  of  their  country. 

"  Heb.  Shaddai. 

'  Vv.  15-18  allude  to  Jehovah's  choice  of  Zion  as  His 
sanctuary,  and  His  entry  into  it  (2  Sam.  vi.  17). 

^  i.  e.  the  Jebel  Hainan,  E.  of  Jordan,  which  contains 
numerous  conical  peaks,  the  craters  of  extinct  volcanoes. 


l88  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  I3 

16  Why  hop  ye  so,  ye  high  hills?  this  is  God's  hill, 
in  the  which  it  pleaseth  him  to  dwell  :  yea,  the  Lord 
will  abide  in  it  for  ever. 

17  The  chariots  of  God  are  twenty  thousand,  even 
thousands  of  angels  :  and  the  Lord  is  among  them,  as 
in  the  holy  place  of  Sinai. 

18  Thou  art  gone  up  on  high,  thou  hast  led 
captivity  captive,  and  received  gifts  for  men  :  yea, 
even  for  thine  enemies,  that  the  Lord  God  might 
dwell  among  them. 


19  Praised  be  the  Lord  daily  :  even  the  God  who 
helpeth  us,  and  poureth  his  benefits  upon  us. 

20  He  is  our  God,  even  the  God  of  whom  cometh 
salvation  :  God  is  the  Lord,  by  whom  we  escape 
death. 

21  God  shall  wound  the  head  of  his  enemies  :  and 
the  hairy  scalp  of  such  a  one  as  goeth  on  still  in  his 
wickedness. 

22  The  Lord  hath  said,  I  will  bring  my  people 
again,  as  I  did  from  Basan  :  mine  own  will  I  bring 
again,  as  I  did  sometime  from  the  deep  of  the  sea. 

23  That  thy  foot  may  be  dipped  in  the  blood  of 
thine  enemies  :  and  that  the  tongue  of  thy  dogs  may 
be  red  through  the  same. 

24  It  is  well  seen,  O  God,  how  thou  goest  :  how 
thou,  my  God  and  King,  goest  in  the  sanctuary. 


^  So  with  a  very  slight  change.  The  Heb.  text  has,  the  Lord 
is  among  them,  Sinai  is  in  the  sanctuary  (or,  in  holiness). 

^  Cf.  Jud.  V.  12.  Jehovah  is  figured  as  a  victor  taking  pos- 
session of  the  enemy's  citadel,  and  with  a  train  of  captives 
following  behind  him. 

*  i.  e.  tribute  offered  by  the  vanquished. 

*  Or,  bcareth  lis. 

^  Viz.  any  of  the  foe  who  may  escape  ;  cf.  Am.  ix.  2,  3. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXVIII  189 

16  Why  look  ye  askance,  ye  mountains  of  peaks, 

at  the  mountain  which  God  hath  desired  for  his 

abode  ? 
yea,  Jehovah  will  dwell  (in  it)  for  ever. 

17  The  chariots  of  God  are  twenty  thousand,  (even) 

thousands  redoubled  : 
the  Lord  is  come  from  Sinai  into  the  sanctuary  ^. 

18  Thou   wentest   up   on   high,    thou   leddest   (thy) 

captivity  captive  '^, 
thou  receivedst  gifts  among  men  ^ ; 
yea,  (among)  the  refractory  also,  that  Jah  God 

might  dwell  (there). 

1 9  Blessed  be  the  Lord !  day  by  day  he  beareth  for  us*, 

(even)  the  God  (who  is)  our  salvation. 

20  God  is  unto  us  a  God  of  deliverances  ; 

and  unto   Jehovah  the   Lord   belong  ways  of 
escape  from  death. 

2 1  But  God  will  shatter  the  head  of  his  enemies, 

the  hairy  scalp  (of  him)  that  goeth  about  in  his 
guiltinesses  : 

22  The  Lord  said,  '  I  will  bring  back  from  Bashan, 

'  I  will  bring  (them)  back ''  from  the  gulfs  of  the 
sea  : 

23  '  That  thou  mayest  stir*'  thy  foot  in  blood, 

'  (that)  the  tongue  of  thy  dogs  (may  have)  its 
portion  from  the  enemies.' 

24  They  see  thy  goings  '',  O  God, 

(even)  the  goings  of  my  God,  my  King,  into  the 
sanctuary  *. 


^  So  from  the  Arabic.  Or,  changing  one  letter,  wash  (Iviii, 
10).  Or,  transposing  two  letters,  that  thy  foot  may  be  red  (Is. 
Ixiii.  i). 

''  i.  e.  thy  progress,  or  festal  procession.  Vv.  24,  25  might  also 
be  rendered,  have  seen  .  .  .  ,  went  before  .  .  .  ,  followed  after ; 
but  it  seems  most  probable  that  the  Psalmist  in  vv.  24-27  is 
describing  an  ideal  scene  of  triumph  in  the  future. 

*  Or,  ui  holiness. 


190  THE    PSALMS  LDAY  I3 

25  The  singers  go  before,  the  minstrels  follow 
after  :  in  the  midst  are  the  damsels  playing  with  the 
timbrels. 

26  Give  thanks,  O  Israel,  unto  God  the  Lord  in 
the  congregations  :  from  the  ground  of  the  heart. 

27  There  is  little  Benjamin  their  ruler,  and  the 
princes  of  Judah  their  counsel :  the  princes  of  Zabulon, 
and  the  princes  of  Nephthali. 

28  Thy  God  hath  sent  forth  strength  for  thee  : 
stablish  the  thing,  O  God,  that  thou  hast  wrought  in  us. 

29  For  thy  temple's  sake  at  Jerusalem  :  so  shall 
kings  bring  presents  unto  thee. 

30  When  the  company  of  the  spear-men,  and 
multitude  of  the  mighty  are  scattered  abroad  among 
the  beasts  of  the  people,  so  that  they  humbly  bring 
pieces  of  silver  :  and  when  he  hath  scattered  the 
people  that  delight  in  war  ; 

31  Then  shall  the  princes  come  out  of  Egypt  :  the 
Morians'  land  ^  shall  soon  stretch  out  her  hands  unto 
God. 

32  Sing  unto  God,  O  ye  kingdoms  of  the  earth  : 
O  sing  praises  unto  the  Lord ; 

33  Who  sitteth  in  the  heavens  over  all  from  the 
beginning  :  lo,  he  doth  send  out  his  voice,  yea,  and 
that  a  mighty  voice. 

'  i.  e.  the  land  of  the  Moors,  or  Africans. 
^  i.  e.  ye  that  are  sprung  from  Israel.     Cf.  Is.  xlviii.  i. 
^  So,   changing  one  letter  i,lxiv.  2).     The  Heb.  text  could 
hardly  mean  anything  except  heap  of  stones. 

*  Command,  O  God,  Sept.,  Syr.,  Targ.,  Symm.,  Vulg.,  Jer., 
and  many  moderns. 

'  Or,  thou  who  hast  wrought  for  us  out  of  thy  temple.  (29) 
Unto  Jerusalem  kings,  &c. 

*  Viz.  (as  the  word  used  implies)  in  a  train  or  procession. 

'  i.e.  cither  the  crocodile  or  (cf.  Job  xl.  21)  the  hippopotamus; 
in  either  case  a  symbolical  designation  of  Egypt  (cf.  Ez.  xxix.  3, 
Ps.  Ixxlv.  14). 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXVIII  I91 

25  The   singers  go  before,  the  players  on  stringed 

instruments  follow  after, 
in  the  midst  of  damsels  playing  upon  timbrels  : 

26  '  In  full  assemblies,  bless  ye  God, 

'{even)  the  Lord,  (ye  that  are)  from  the  fountain 
of  Israeli' 

27  There  is  little  Benjamin,  ruling  them, 

the  princes  of  Judah,  their  throng ', 

the  princes  of  Zebulun,  the  princes  of  Naphtali. 

28  Thy  God  hath  commanded  *  thy  strength  : 

be  strong,  O  God,  thou  who  hast  wrought  for  us. 

29  Because  of  thy  temple  at  Jerusalem 

kings''  shall  lead  up"  presents  unto  thee. 

30  Rebuke  the  wild  beast  of  the  reeds  ', 

the  troop  of  bulls  ^,   with   the   calves  ^  of  the 

peoples, 
trampling  under  foot  the  pieces  of  silver  ^ : 
he  hath  scattered '°  thepeoplesthat  delight  in  war! 

31  Magnates  (?)  "  shall  come  out  of  Egypt ; 

Ethiopia  ^^  shall  make  her  hands  run  out  unto 
God. 

32  Sing  unto  God,  O  ye  kingdoms  of  the  earth  ; 

O  make  melody  unto  the  Lord  : 

33  To  him  that  rideth  upon  the  heavens  of  heavens, 

which  are  of  old ; 
lo,he  uttereth  his  voice,  (and  that)  a  mighty  voice. 

^  Fig.  for  the  leaders  of  foreign  nations,  and  their  peoples. 
Cf.  Is.  xxxiv.  7. 

*  Offered,  vis.  as  tribute.  Or,  so  that  every  one  prostrateth 
himself  (lit.  letteth  himself  be  trampled  upott)  imth  pieces  of  silver. 
The  sense  and  text  are  both  very  doubtful. 

"  Scatter  thou,  Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg..  Jer.,  and  many  moderns 
(with  different  vowels).  The  reading  of  the  text,  if  correct, 
will  describe  what  the  poet  hopes  for  from  the  future,  as  if 
he  beheld  it  already  accomplished. 

^^  The  meaning  of  the  Heb.  word,  thus  rendered  conjectur- 
ally,  is  unknown. 

^^  Heb.  Cush.     See  Gen.  x.  6 ;  and  cf.  Is.  xviii.  t,  7. 


192  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  13 


34  Ascribe  ye  the  power  to  God  over  Israel  :  his 
worship,  and  strength  is  in  the  clouds. 

35  O  God,  wonderful  art  thou  in  thy  holy  places  : 
even  the  God  of  Israel;  he  will  give  strength  and 
power  unto  his  people;  blessed  be  God. 


EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  LXIX.     Salvum  me  fac. 

1  Save  me,  O  God  :  for  the  waters  are  come  in, 
even  unto  my  soul. 

2  I  stick  fast  in  the  deep  mire,  where  no  ground 
is  :  I  am  come  into  deep  waters,  so  that  the  floods 
run  over  me. 

3  I  am  weary  of  crying;  my  throat  is  dry  :  my 
sight  faileth  me  for  waiting  so  long  upon  my  God. 

4  They  that  hate  me  without  a  cause  are  more  than 
the  hairs  of  my  head  :  they  that  are  mine  enemies, 
and  would  destroy  me  guiltless,  are  mighty. 

5  I  paid  them  the  things  that  I  never  took  :  God, 
thou  knowest  my  simpleness,  and  my  faults  are  not 
hid  from  thee. 

6  Let  not  them  that  trust  in  thee,  O  Lord  God  of 
hosts,  be  ashamed  for  my  cause  :  let  not  those  that 
seek  thee  be  confounded  through  me,  O  Lord  God  of 
Israel. 

7  And  why  ?  for  thy  sake  have  I  suffered  reproof : 
shame  hath  covered  my  face. 


^  Properly,  a  watery  gulf  or  depth  (Ixviii.  22). 
^  Or,  are  exhausted ;  cf.  Lam.  iv.  17. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXIX  I93 

34  Ascribe  ye  strength  unto  God : 

his  majesty  is  over  Israel, 
and  his  strength  is  in  the  skies. 

35  Terrible  is  God  out  of  thy  sanctuaries  ; 

the  God  of  Israel,  he  giveth  strength  and  mighti- 
ness unto  the  people. 
Blessed  be  God. 


Psalm  LXIX. 

1  Save  me,  O  God  ; 

for  the  waters  are  come  in  even  unto  the  soul. 

2  I  am  sunk  in  the  mire  of  a  morass',  where  there  is 

no  standing-place  : 
I  am  come   into   deep  waters,  and  the   flood 
washeth  me  away. 

3  I  am  weary  with  my  crying,  my  throat  burnetii; 

mine  eyes  fail  ^,  while  I  hope  for  my  God. 

4  They  that  hate  me  without  a  cause  are  more  than 

the  hairs  of  mine  head  ; 
they  that  would  exterminate  me,  being  lyingly 

mine  enemies,  are  mighty  ^ : 
that  which  I  had  not  robbed  I  then  restored  *. 

5  God,  thou  knowest  my  foolishness  ; 

and  my  guiltinesses  are  not  hid  from  thee. 

6  Let   not   them   that   wait   for   thee   be   ashamed 

through  me,  O  Lord,  Jehovah  of  hosts  : 
let   not   those   that   seek   thee   be   brought  to 
confusion  through  me,  O  God  of  Israel. 

7  Because  for  thy  sake  have  I  borne  reproach, 

confusion  hath  covered  my  face. 


^  Or,  numerous;  cf.  xxxviii   19. 
*  Read  probably,  '/restored.' 
O 


194  ^^^-^  PSALMS  [day  13 

8  I  am  become  a  stranger  unto  my  brethren  :  even 
an  alien  unto  my  mother's  children. 

9  For  the  zeal  of  thine  house  hath  even  eaten  me  : 
and  the  rebukes  of  them  that  rebuked  thee  are  fallen 
upon  me. 

10  I  wept,  and  chastened  myself  with  fasting  :  and 
that  was  turned  to  my  reproof. 

Ill  put  on  sackcloth  also  :  and  they  jested  upon 
me. 

1 2  They  that  sit  in  the  gate  speak  against  me  :  and 
the  drunkards  make  songs  upon  me. 

13  But,  Lord,  I  make  my  prayer  unto  thee  :  in  an 
acceptable  time. 

14  Hear  me,  O  God,  in  the  multitude  of  thy  mercy  : 
even  in  the  truth  of  thy  salvation. 

15  Take  me  out  of  the  mire,  that  I  sink  not  :  O  let 
me  be  delivered  from  them  that  hate  me,  and  out  of 
the  deep  waters. 

16  Let  not  the  water-flood  drown  me,  neither  let 
the  deep  swallow  me  up  :  and  let  not  the  pit  shut  her 
mouth  upon  me. 

17  Hear  me,  O  Lord,  for  thy  loving-kindness  is 
comfortable  :  turn  thee  unto  me  according  to  the 
multitude  of  thy  mercies. 

18  And  hide  not  thy  face  from  thy  servant,  for 
I  am  in  trouble  :  O  haste  thee,  and  hear  me. 

19  Draw  nigh  unto  my  soul,  and  sav6  it  :  O  deliver 
me,  because  of  mine  enemies. 

20  Thou  hast  known  my  reproof,  my  shame,  and 
my  dishonour  :  mine  adversaries  are  all  in  thy  sight. 


^  Read  perhaps,  Andl  afflicted  (xxxv.  13)  my  soul  with  fasting. 
^  Cf.  Job  XXX.  9,  Lam.  iii.  14,  63.     Properly,  a  song  sung  to 
stringed  music. 


BOOK  IlJ  PSALM   LXIX  I95 

8  I  am  become  a  stranger  unto  my  brethren, 

and  a  foreigner  unto  my  mother's  children. 

9  Because  jealousy  for  thine  house  hath  eaten  me 

up, 
and  the  reproaches  of  them  that  reproach  thee 
are  fallen  upon  me, 
10  And  I  wept,  with  my  soul  fasting  \ 

but  it  was  turned  into  reproaches  for  me. 
Ill  made  sackcloth  also  my  vesture, 

and  I  became  a  proverb  unto  them. 

1 2  They  that  sit  in  the  gate  muse  of  me  ; 

and  (I  am)  the  song^  of  them  that  drink  strong 
drink. 

13  But  as  for  me,   (let)  my  prayer  (be)  unto  thee, 

Jehovah,  in  an  acceptable  time''; 
O   God,    in   the   abundance   of    thy   kindness 
answer  me  with  the  truth  of  thy  salvation. 

14  Deliver  me  out  of  the  mire,  and  let  me  not  sink ; 

O  let  me  be  delivered  from  them  that  hate  me, 
and  out  of  the  deep  waters. 

1 5  Let  not  the  flood  of  waters  wash  me  away, 

neither  let  the  morass  swallow  me  up, 

and  let  not  the  pit  shut  her  mouth  upon  me. 

16  Answer  me,  Jehovah,  for  thy  kindness  is  good  ; 

according  to  the  multitude  of  thy  compassions, 
turn  thee  towards  me. 

1 7  And  hide  not  thy  face  from  thy  servant ; 

because  I  am  in  distress,  answer  me  speedily. 

18  Draw  nigh  unto  my  soul,  (and)  redeem  it : 

O  ransom  me  because  of  mine  enemies. 

19  Thou  knowest  my  reproach,  and  my  shame,  and 

my  confusion  : 
mine  adversaries  are  all  in  thy  sight. 

^  Lit.  a  time  of  plccsme  or  favour;  see  Glossary  I  (under 
*  pleasure '). 

02 


196  THE   PSALMS  [day  13 

21  Thy  rebuke  hath  broken  my  heart ;  I  am  full  of 
heaviness  :  I  looked  for  some  to  have  pity  on  me, 
but  there  was  no  man,  neither  found  I  any  to  comfort 
me. 

22  They  gave  me  gall  to  eat  :  and  when  I  was 
thirsty  they  gave  me  vinegar  to  drink. 

23  Let  their  table  be  made  a  snare  to  take  them- 
selves withal  :  and  let  the  things  that  should  have  been 
for  their  wealth  be  unto  them  an  occasion  of  faUing. 

24  Let  their  eyes  be  blinded,  that  they  see  not  : 
and  ever  bow  thou  down  their  backs. 

25  Pour  out  thine  indignation  upon  them  :  and  let 
thy  wrathful  displeasure  take  hold  of  them. 

26  Let  their  habitation  be  void  :  and  no  man  to 
dwell  in  their  tents. 

27  For  they  persecute  him  whom  thou  hast  smitten  . 
and  they  talk  how  they  may  vex  them  whom  thou  hast 
wounded. 

28  Let  them  fall  from  one  wickedness  to  another  : 
and  not  come  into  thy  righteousness. 

29  Let  them  be  v/iped  out  of  the  book  of  the 
living  :  and  not  be  written  among  the  righteous. 

30  As  for  me,  when  I  am  poor  and  in  heaviness  : 
thy  help,  O  God,  shall  lift  me  up. 

31  I  will  praise  the  Name  of  God  with  a  song  :  and 
magnify  it  with  thanksgiving. 

32  This  also  shall  please  the  Lord  :  better  than 
a  bullock  that  hath  horns  and  hoofs. 

33  The  humble  shall  consider  this,  and  be  glad  : 
seek  ye  after  God,  and  your  soul  shall  live. 

'  The  Heb.  word  is  uncectain.  Read  perhaps,  dividing  the 
words  differently,  and  it  is  very  sick  ;  I  looked,  &c. 

^  The  fruit  or  juice  of  some  bitter  and  poisonous  plant, 
perhaps  the  poppy  :  see  Deut.  xxix.  18  ;  and  cf.  Jer.  viii.  14, 
ix.  15,  xxiii.  15. 

^  /.  e.  let  their  enjoyments  become  a  means  of  luring  them 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXIX  I97 

20  Reproach  hath  broken  my  heart,  and  I  am  very 

weak  ^ ; 
and  I  looked  for  some  to  show  sympathy,  but 

there  was  no  one, 
and  for  comforters,  but  I  found  none. 

2 1  They  gave  me  also  gall  ^  as  my  food ; 

and  for  my  thirst  they  gave  me  vinegar  to  drink. 

22  Let  their  table  before  them  become  a  trap ; 

and  to  them  that  are  at  peace  (let  it  become) 
a  bait^ 

23  Let  their  eyes  be  dark,  that  they  see  not ; 

and  make  their  loins  continually  to  totter. 

24  Pour  out  thine  indignation  upon  them, 

and  let  the  heat  of  thine  anger  overtake  them. 

25  Let  their  encampment^  be  desolate; 

let  there  be  none  to  dwell  in  their  tents. 

26  For  him  whom  thou  hast  smitten  they  persecute ; 

■  and  they  tell  of '  the  pain  of  those  whom  thou 
hast  wounded. 

27  Put  iniquity  on  to  their  iniquity  ; 

and  let  them  not  come  into  thy  righteousness. 

28  Let  them  be  blotted  out  of  the  book  of  the  living^, 

and  not  be  written  with  the  righteous. 

29  But  I  am  poor  "^  and  in  pain  : 

thy  salvation,  O  God,  shall  set  me  up  on  high. 

30  I  will  praise  the  name  of  God  with  a  song, 

and  magnify  him  with  thanksgiving ; 

3 1  And  it  shall  please  Jehovah  better  than  an  ox, 

(or)  a  bullock,  that  hath  horns*  and  parted  hoofs®. 

32  The  humble,  when  they  see  it,  shall  be  glad  : 

ye  that  seek  after  God,  let  your  heart  live  '**. 

to  destruction. 

'  Gen.  XXV.  16,  Numb.  xxxi.  lo,  Ez.  xxv.  4. 

'  Read  probably,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  add  to. 

«  Or,  o/li/e.  '  Or,  afflicted. 

"  i.  e.  which  is  of  full  age.  ^  Cf.  Lev.  xi.  3. 

'°  Or,  revive ;  cf.  Ps.  xxii.  26. 


198  THE   PSALMS  [day  14 

34  For  the  Lord  heareth  the  poor  :  and  despiseth 
not  his  prisoners. 

35  Let  heaven  and  earth  praise  him  :  the  sea,  and 
all  that  moveth  therein. 

36  For  God  will  save  Sion,  and  build  the  cities  of 
Judah  :  that  men  may  dwell  there,  and  have  it  in 
possession. 

37  The  posterity  also  of  his  servants  shall  inherit 
it  :  and  they  that  love  his  Name  shall  dwell  therein. 

Psalm  LXX.     Dens  in  adjutorium. 

1  Haste  thee,  O  God,  to  deliver  me  :  make  haste  to' 
help  me,  O  Lord. 

2  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  confounded  that  seek 
after  my  soul  :  let  them  be  turned  backward  and  put 
to  confusion  that  wish  me  evil. 

3  Let  them  for  their  reward  be  soon  brought  to 
shame  :  that  cry  over  me,  There,  there. 

4  But  let  all  those  that  seek  thee  be  joyful  and 
glad  in  thee  :  and  let  all  such  as  delight  in  thy  salvation 
say  alway,  The  Lord  be  praised. 

5  As  for  me,  I  am  poor  and  in  misery  :  haste  thee 
unto  me,  O  God. 

6  Thou  art  my  helper,  and  my  redeemer  :  O  Lord, 
make  no  long  tarrying. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER.    . 
Psalm  LXXL     In  te,  Domine,  speravi. 

I  In  thee,  O  Lord,  have  I  put  my  trust,  let  me 
never  be  put  to  confusion  :  but  rid  me,  and  deliver 
me,  in  thy  righteousness;  incline  thine  ear  unto  me, 
and  save  me. 


cr.  Ps.  xi.  13-17. 


BOOK  II]  PSALMS   LXX,    LXXI  199 

33  For  Jehovah  hearkeneth  unto  the  needy, 

and  despiseth  not  his  prisoners. 

34  Let  heaven  and  earth  praise  him, 

the  seas,  and  all  that  moveth  therein. 

35  For  God  will  save  Zion, 

and  build  the  cities  of  Judah  ; 
and    men    shall  inhabit  there,  and  have  it  in 
possession. 

36  The  seed  also  of  his  servants  shall  inherit  it ; 

and  they  that  love  his  name  shall  dwell  therein. 

Psalm  LXX^ 

1  O  God,  (haste  thee)  to  deliver  me ; 

Jehovah,  haste  thee  to  help  me. 

2  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  abashed,  that  seek  my 

soul; 
let  them  retreat  backward  and  be  brought  to 
confusion,  that  delight  in  my  hurt. 

3  Let  them  turn  back  by  reason  of  their  shame, 

that  say,  Aha,  aha. 

4  Let  all  those  that  seek  thee  be  joyful  and  glad  in 

thee  ; 
and  let  such  as  love  thy  salvation  say  continually, 
'  God  be  magnified.' 

5  But  I  am  poor  and  needy ; 

O  God,  haste  thee  unto  me  : 

thou  art  my  help  and  my  deliverer ; 

Jehovah,  make  no  tarrying. 


Psalm  LXXI. 

1  ~  In  thee,  Jehovah,  have  I  taken  refuge  ; 

let  me  never  be  ashamed  : 

2  In  thy  righteousness  rescue  me  and  deliver  me ; 

incline  thine  ear  unto  me,  and  save  me. 

^  With  vv.  1-3  comp.  Ps   xxxi.  1-3, 


20O  THE   PSALMS  [daY  14 

2  Be  thou  my  strong  hold,  whereunto  I  may  alway 
resort  :  thou  hast  promised  to  help  me,  for  thou  art 
my  house  of  defence,  and  my  castle. 


3  Deliver  me,  O  my  God,  out  of  the  hand  of  the 
ungodly  :  out  of  the  hand  of  the  unrighteous  and 
cruel  man. 

4  For  thou,  O  Lord  God,  art  the  thing  that  I  long 
for  :  thou  art  my  hope,  even  from  my  youth. 

5  Through  thee  have  I  been  holden  up  ever  since 
I  was  born  :  thou  art  he  that  took  me  out  of  my 
mother's  womb ;  my  praise  shall  be  always  of  thee. 

6  I  am  become  as  it  were  a  monster  unto  many  : 
but  my  sure  trust  is  in  thee. 

7  O  let  my  mouth  be  filled  with  thy  praise  :  (that 
I  maj'  sing  of  thy  glory)  and  honour  all  the  day  long. 

8  Cast  me  not  away  in  the  time  of  age  :  forsake  me 
not  when  my  strength  faileth  me. 

9  For  mine  enemies  speak  against  me,  and  they 
that  lay  wait  for  my  soul  take  their  counsel  together, 
saying  :  God  hath  forsaken  him;  persecute  him,  and 
take  him,  for  there  is  none  to  deliver  him. 


10  Go  not  far  from  me,  O  God  :  my  God,  haste 
thee  to  help  me. 

1 1  Let  them  be  confounded  and  perish  that  are 
against  my  soul  :  let  them  be  covered  with  shame  and 
dishonour  that  seek  to  do  me  evil. 


*  The  Sept.  renders  these  two  lines  nearly  as  Ps.  xxxi.  2  ; 
hence  read  perhaps,  as  there,  Be  to  me  a  siroiighold-rock,  a 
house  of  fastnesses  to  save  me.  (In  the  Heb.  the  text  found 
here  might  be  easily  corrupted  from  that  in  xxxi.  2.) 

^  Heb.  from   my  mothers  bowels.     With   this  verse  comp. 


BOOK  ll]  PSALM   LXXI  20I 

3  Be  to  me  a  rock  of  habitation,  into  which  I  may 

continually  enter  ; 
thou  hast  commanded  to  save  me  -^ ; 
for  thou  art  my  crag  and  my  fastness. 

4  Deliver  me,  O  my  God,   from  the  hand  of  the 

wicked, 
from  the  grasp  of  the  unrighteous  and  cruel 
dealer. 

5  For  thou  art  my  hope  ; 

the  Lord  Jehovah  is  my  trust  from  my  youth. 

6  Upon  thee  have  I  stayed  myself  from  the  womb ; 

thou   hast  been   my  benefactor  (?)  ever  since 

I  was  born  ^ : 
my  praise  is  continually  of  thee. 

7  I  am  become  as  it  were  a  portent  ^  unto  many  : 

but  thou  art  my  strong  refuge. 

8  My  mouth  shall  be  filled  with  thy  praise, 

(and)  with  thy  glory  all  the  day. 

9  Cast  me  not  away  in  the  time  of  old  age  ; 

forsake  me  not  when  my  strength  faileth. 

10  For  mine  enemies  speak  concerning  me, 

and   they   that  watch  for   my   soul  (life)  take 
counsel  together, 

11  Saying,  'God  hath  forsaken  him  : 

'pursue   and  take  him,  for   there   is   none  to 
deliver.' 

1 2  O  God,  be  not  far  from  me  : 

O  my  God,  haste  thee  to  help  me. 

13  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  consumed,  that  are  the 

(malicious)  opposers  *  of  my  soul ; 
let  them  put  on  reproach  and  confusion,  that 
seek  my  hurt  ^. 

Ps.  xxii.  9,  10. 

^  Attracting  attention  on  account  of  my  extraordinary  suffer- 
ings.    Cf.  Deut.  xxviii.  46  ('  for  a  sign  and  for  a  portent '). 

*  Or,  accusers  (cf.  xxxviii.  20 "i. 

*  Lit.  my  evil;  cf  v.  24,  xxxv.  4,  26,  xxxviii.  12,  xl.  14,  Ixx.  2. 


202  THE  PSALMS  [day  14 


12  As  for  me,  I  will  patiently  abide  alway  :  and 
will  praise  thee  more  and  more. 

13  My  mouth  shall  daily  speak  of  thy  righteousness 
and  salvation  :  for  I  know  no  end  thereof. 

14  I  will  go  forth  in  the  strength  of  the  Lord  God  : 
and  will  make  mention  of  thy  righteousness  only. 

15  Thou,  O  God,  hast  taught  me  from  my  youth 
up  until  now  :  therefore  will  I  tell  of  thy  wondrous 
works. 

16  Forsake  me  not,  O  God,  in  mine  old  age,  when 
I  am  gray-headed  :  until  I  have  shewed  thy  strength 
unto  this  generation,  and  thy  power  to  all  them  that 
are  yet  for  to  come. 

17  Thy  righteousness,  O  God,  is  very  high  :  and 
great  things  are  they  that  thou  hast  done;  O  God, 
who  is  like  unto  thee  ? 

18  O  what  great  troubles  and  adversities  hast  thou 
shewed  me  !  and  yet  didst  thou  turn  and  refresh  me  : 
yea,  and  broughtest  me  from  the  deep  of  the  earth 

(.again). 

19  Thou  hast  brought  me  to  great  honour  :  and 
comforted  me  on  every  side. 

20  Therefore  will  I  praise  thee  and  thy  faithfulness, 
O  God,  playing  upon  an  instrument  of  musick  :  unto 
thee  will  I  sing  upon  the  harp,  O  thou  Holy  One  of 
Israel. 

21  My  lips  will  be  fain  when  I  sing  unto  thee  :  and 
so  will  my  soul  whom  thou  hast  delivered. 


'  Cf.  XXXV.  28.  ^  i.  e.  bring  as  my  theme  of  praise. 

^  So  Heb.  text ;  Heb.  marg.,  Versions,  me. 

*  So  Heb.  text,  Targ.,  Jer. ;  Heb.  marg.,  Sept.,  Syr.,Vulg.,M?e. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM   LXXI  203 


14  But  as  for  me,  I  will  hope  continually, 

and  will  add  unto  all  thy  praise. 

15  My  mouth  shall  tell  of  thy  righteousness, 

(and)  of  thy  salvation  all  the  day  \ 
for  I  know  not  the  numbers  (thereof). 

16  I  will  come  with^  the  mighty  acts  of  the  Lord  Jehovah ; 

I  will  make  mention  of  thy  righteousness,  even 
of  thine  only. 

17  O  God,  thou  hast  taught  me  from  my  youth  ; 

and   until   now  do    I   continue   declaring   thy 
wondrous  works. 

18  And  even  to  old  age  and  hoar  hairs,  O  God,  for- 

sake me  not ; 
until  I  have  declared  thine  arm  unto  (the  next) 

generation, 
thy  might  to  every  one  that  is  yet  for  to  come. 

19  Thy  righteousness  also,  O  God,  (reacheth)  unto 

the  height  (of  heaven)  : 
thou  who  hast  done  great  things, 

0  God,  who  is  like  unto  thee  ? 

20  Thou  who  hast  caused  us  ^  to  see  many  and  sore 

troubles, 
wilt  turn  and  quicken  us^, 
and  bring  us*  up  again  from  the  deeps  of  the 

earth  '\ 

21  O  multiply  my  greatness, 

and  turn  and  comfort  me. 

22  I  also  will  give  thanks  unto  thee  with  the  lyre, 

(even)  unto  thy  truth,  O  my  God  : 

1  will  make  melody  unto  thee  with  the  harp, 
O  thou  Holy  One  of  Israel. 

23  My   lips  shall  ring   out  their  joy  when  I  make 

melody  unto  thee ; 
and  (so  shall)  my  soul,  which  thou  hast  ransomed. 

'•'  i.e.  the  subterranean  waters  (xxiv.  2),  fig.  for  a  position 
of  great  humiliation  and  peril.  Cf.  Ixxxviii.  6  ;  also  xxx.  3, 
Ixxxvi.  13. 


204  THE   PSALMS  [day  1 4 

2  2  My  tongue  also  shall  talk  of  thy  righteousness 
all  the  day  long  :  for  they  are  confounded  and  brought 
unto  shame  that  seek  to  do  me  evil. 


Psalm  LXXII.     Deus,  judicium. 

1  Give  the  King  thy  judgements,  O  God  :  and  thy 
righteousness  unto  the  King's  son. 

2  Then  shall  he  judge  thy  people  according  unto 
right  :  and  defend  the  poor. 

3  The  mountains  also  shall  bring  peace  :  and  the 
little  hills  righteousness  unto  the  people. 

4  He  shall  keep  the  simple  folk  by  their  right  : 
defend  the  children  of  the  poor,  and  punish  the  wTong 
doer. 

5  They  shall  fear  thee,  as  long  as  the  sun  and  moon 
endureth  :  from  one  generation  to  another. 

6  He  shall  come  down  like  the  rain  into  a  fleece  of 
wool  :  even  as  the  drops  that  water  the  earth. 

7  In  his  time  shall  the  righteous  flourish  :  yea,  and 
abundance  of  peace,  so  long  as  the  moon  endureth. 


8  His  dominion  shall  be  also  from  the  one  sea  to 
the  other  :  and  from  the  flood  unto  the  world's  end. 

9  They  that  dwell  in  the  wilderness  shall  kneel 
before  him  :  his  enemies  shall  lick  the  dust. 

10  The  kings  of  Tharsis  and  of  the  isles  shall  give 
presents  :  the  kings  of  Arabia  and  Saba  shall  bring 
gifts. 

1 1  All  kings  shall  fall  down  before  him  :  all  nations 
shall  do  him  service. 

*  Or,  nmrnntr;  cf.  xxxv.  28.  -  Heb.  with  the  sun. 

'  Read  probably,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg.,  Jen,  righteousness. 

*  i.e.  the  Euphrates.     Cf.  Ex.  xxiii.  31. 


BOOK  II]  PSALM  LXXII  205 

24  My  tongue  also  shall  meditate '  of  thy  righteous- 
ness all  the  day  : 
for  they  are  ashamed,  for  they  are  abashed,  that 
seek  my  hurt. 

Psalm  LXXII. 

1  Give  the  king  thy  judgements,  O  God, 

and  thy  righteousness  unto  the  king's  son. 

2  He  shall  judge  thy  people  with  righteousness, 

and  thy  poor  with  judgement. 

3  The  mountains  shall  bear  peace  for  the  people, 

and  the  hills,  through  righteousness. 

4  He  shall  judge  the  poor  of  the  people  ; 

he  shall  save  the  children  of  the  needy, 
and  crush  the  oppressor. 

5  They  shall  fear  thee  as  long  as  the  sun  endureth  ^, 

and  before  the  moon,  throughout  all  genera- 
tions. 

6  He  shall  come  down  like  rain  upon  the  mown 

grass, 
as  showers  (that  are)  a  flood  upon  the  earth. 

7  In  his  days  shall  the  righteous  ^  flourish  ; 

and  abundance  of  peace  till  the  moon  be  no 
more. 

8  Let  him  have  dominion  also  from  sea  to  sea, 

and  from  the  River*  unto  the  ends  of  the  earth. 

9  Let  the  desert-dwellers  bow  before  him, 

and  his  enemies  lick  the  dust. 
ID  Let  the  kings  of  Tarshish  and  of  the  isles  ^  render 
tribute ; 

let  the  kings  of  Sheba "  and  Seba ''  bring  dues. 
1 1  Yea,  let  all  kings  fall  down  to  him ; 

let  all  nations  serve  him. 


*  Or,  coasts;  vis.  of  the  Mediterranean  Sea. 

*  A  wealthy  and  celebrated  people  in  the  S.  of  Arabia. 
'  Perhaps  the  region  about  Massowah,  in  Abyssinia. 


206  THE   PSALMS  [daY  1 4 

12  For  he  shall  deliver  the  poor  when  he  crieth  : 
the  needy  also,  and  him  that  hath  no  helper. 

13  He  shall  be  favourable  to  the  simple  and  needy  : 
and  shall  preserve  the  souls  of  the  poor. 

14  He  shall  deliver  their  souls  from  falsehood  and 
wrong  :  and  dear  shall  their  blood  be  in  his  sight. 

15  He  shall  live,  and  unto  him  shall  be  given  of 
the  gold  of  Arabia  :  prayer  shall  be  made  ever  unto 
him,  and  daily  shall  he  be  praised. 

16  There  shall  be  an  heap  of  corn  in  the  earth, 
high  upon  the  hills  :  his  fruit  shall  shake  hke  Libanus, 
and  shall  be  green  in  the  city  like  grass  upon  the 
earth. 

17  His  Name  shall  endure  for  ever;  his  Name 
shall  remain  under  the  sun  among  the  posterities  : 
which  shall  be  blessed  through  him;  and  all  the 
heathen  shall  praise  him. 

18  Blessed  be  the  Lord  God,  even  the  God  of 
Israel  :  which  only  doeth  wondrous  things. 

19  And  blessed  be  the  Name  of  his  Majesty  for 
ever :  and  all  the  earth  shall  be  filled  with  his  Majesty. 
Amen,  Amen. 


EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  LXXHI.     Quam  bonus  Israel ! 

I  Truly  God  is  loving  unto  Israel  :  even  unto  such 
as  are  of  a  clean  heart. 

'^  The  meaning  is  very  uncertain. 

-  So  Heb.  text.  Heb.  marg.  be  propagated.  The  text  might 
also  be  rendered,  have  offspring  (Gen.  xxi.  23,  R.V.  marg.). 
But  read  perhaps,  changing  one  letter,  be  established. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXIII  207 

12  For  he  will  deliver  the  needy  when  he  crieth, 

the  poor  also,  and  him  that  hath  no  helper. 

13  He  will  have  pity  on  the  feeble  and  the  needy, 

and  the  souls  of  the  needy  he  will  save. 

14  He  will  redeem  their  soul  from  oppression  and 

violence ; 
and  precious  will  their  blood  be  in  his  sight. 

15  So  may  he  live  !  and  may  there  be  given  unto 

him  of  the  gold  of  Sheba  ! 
may  prayer  also  be  made  for  him  continually ! 
may  he  be  blessed  all  the  day  ! 

16  May  there  be  an  expanse  {?)^  of  corn  in  the  land 

upon  the  top  of  the  mountains  ! 
may  the  fruit  thereof  shake  like  Lebanon  ! 
and  may  men  blossom  out  of  the  city  like  herb 

of  the  earth  ! 

17  May  his  name  endure  for  ever  ! 

may  his  name  propagate "'  before  the  sun ! 
may  men  also  bless  themselves  by  ^  him  ! 
may  all  nations  call  him  happy  ! 

18  Blessed  *  be  Jehovah  God,  the  God  of  Israel,  ' 

which  only  doeth  wondrous  things  : 

19  And  blessed  be  his  glorious  name  for  ever; 

and  let  the  whole  earth  be  filled  with  his  glory. 
Amen,  and  Amen. 


BOOK  III. 


Psalm  LXXIII. 

I  Surely  God  is  good^  to  Israel, 

(even)  to  such  as  are  of  a  pure  heart. 

'  Using  his  name  as  a  type  of  happiness  ;  cf.  Gen.  xlviii.  20, 
R.V.  niarg. 
*   Vv.  18,  19  are  the  doxology  closing  Book  11  of  the  Psalms. 
^  Or,  Only  good  is  God. 


2o8  THE   PSALMS  [daY  I4 


2  Nevertheless,  my  feet  were  almost  gone  :  my 
treadings  had  well-nigh  slipt. 

3  And  why?  I  was  grieved  at  the  wicked  :  I  do 
also  see  the  ungodly  in  such  prosperity. 

4  For  they  are  in  no  peril  of  death  :  but  are  lusty 
and  strong. 

5  They  come  in  no  misfortune  like  other  folk  : 
neither  are  they  plagued  like  other  men. 

6  And  this  is  the  cause  that  they  are  so  holden 
with  pride  :  and  overwhelmed  with  cruelty. 

7  Their  eyes  swell  with  fatness  :  and  they  do  even 
what  they  lust. 

8  They  corrupt  other,  and  speak  of  wicked  blas- 
phemy :  their  talking  is  against  the  most  High. 

9  For  they  stretch  forth  their  mouth  unto  the 
heaven  :  and  their  tongue  goeth  through  the  world. 

10  Therefore  fall  the  people  unto  them  :  and 
thereout  suck  they  no  small  advantage. 

1 1  Tush,  say  they,  how  should  God  perceive  it  :  is 
there  knowledge  in  the  most  High  ? 

12  Lo,  these  are  the  ungodly,  these  prosper  in  the 
world,  and  these  have  riches  in  possession  :  (and  I  said,) 
Then  have  I  cleansed  my  heart  in  vain,  and  washed 
mine  hands  in  innocency. 

13  All  the  day  long  have  I  been  punished  :  and 
chastened  every  morning. 

14  Yea,  and  I  had  almost  said  even  as  they  :  but 
lo,  then  I  should  have  condemned  the  generation  of 
thy  children. 

^  Heb.  been  poured  out.  "  Lit.  bonds  (Is.  Iviii.  6\ 

'  Read  probably,  with   most  moderns    (dividing  one  word 
into  two),  For  they  have  no  torments  (?)  ; 

their  body  is  sound  and  fat. 
*  Cf.  Job  XV.  27  (bodily  fatness  a  mark  of  pride).    But  Sept., 
Syr,,   and   many    moderns    read  (one    letter    changed).    Their 
iniquity  cometh  forth  out  of  fatness  {i.  e.  out  of  a  gross,  unfeel- 
ing heart ;  cf.  xvii.  10). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXIII  209 

2  But  as  for  me,  my  feet  were  almost  gone ; 

my  treadings  had  well-nigh  slipt  \ 

3  For  I  was  envious  at  the  boasters, 

when  I  saw  the  welfare  of  the  wicked. 

4  For  there  are  no  torments  (?)  ^  at  their  death, 

and  their  body  is  fat  ^ 

5  They  are  not  in  the  travail  of  (ordinary)  folk  ; 

neither  are  they  stricken  with  (other)  men. 

6  Therefore  pride  is  about  them  as  a  necklace  ; 

they  deck  themselves  with  apparel  of  violence. 

7  Their  eye  cometh  forth  out  of  fatness  * ; 

the  imaginations  of  their  heart  overflow  ^ 

8  They  scoff,  and  in  wickedness  speak  oppression  : 

they  speak  (as)  from  on  high  : 

9  They  have  set  their  mouth  in  the  heavens, 

and  their  tongue  goeth  about  in  the  earth. 

10  Therefore  his  people  returneth  hither'^', 

and  waters  of  fulness  are  drained  out  by  them. 

1 1  And  they  say,  '  How  doth  God  know  ? 

'  and  is  there  knowledge  in  the  Most  High  ? ' 

12  Behold,  such  are  the  wicked  ; 

and  being  ever  prosperous,  they  increase  riches. 

13  (And  I  said,)  'Surely  in  vain  have  I  cleansed  my 

heart, 
'  and  washed  mine  hands  in  innocency ; 

14  'And' yet  I  was  stricken  all  the  day, 

'  and  my  reproof  was  every  morning.' 

15  If  I  had  said,  '  I  will  tell  accordingly ',' 

behold,   I  should    have  been    faithless   to  the 
generation  of  thy  children. 

■'•  Viz.  in  proud,  overweening  speeches.  Cf.  Jer.  v.  28 
('  they  overflow  with  words— or  things — of  evil '). 

^  So  Heb.  marg.,  and  Versions;  Heb.  text,  he  bringefh  back 
his  people  hither.  Neither  reading  appears  to  yield  a  sense 
suited  to  the  context.  Read  probably,  Therefore  he  satisfieth 
them  with  bread  (or,  they  are  satisfied  with  bread). 

'  So,  inserting  a  word  ;  lit.  like  these  things.  The  Heb.  text 
has  only  like. 

P 


2IO  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  14 

15  Then  thought  I  to  understand  this  :  but  it  was 
too  hard  for  me, 

16  Until  I  went  into  the  sanctuary  of  God  :  then 
understood  I  the  end  of  these  men ; 

17  Namely,  how  thou  dost  set  them  in  slippery 
places  :  and  castest  them  down,  and  destroyest  them, 

18  Oh,  how  suddenly  do  they  consume  :  perish, 
and  come  to  a  fearful  end  ! 

19  Yea,  even  like  as  a  dream  when  one  awaketh  : 
so  shalt  thou  make  their  image  to  vanish  out  of  the 
city. 

20  Thus  my  heart  was  grieved  :  and  it  went  even 
through  my  reins. 

21  So  foolish  was  I,  and  ignorant  :  even  as  it  were 
a  beast  before  thee. 

22  Nevertheless,  I  am  alway  by  thee  :  for  thou  hast 
holden  me  by  my  right  hand. 

23  Thou  shalt  guide  me  with  thy  counsel  :  and 
after  that  receive  me  with  glory. 

24  Whom  have  I  in  heaven  but  thee  :  and  there  is 
none  upon  earth  that  I  desire  in  comparison  of  thee. 

25  My  flesh  and  my  heart  faileth  :  but  God  is  the 
strength  of  my  heart,  and  my  portion  for  ever. 

26  For  lo,  they  that  forsake  thee  shall  perish  :  thou 
hast  destroyed  all  them  that  commit  fornication  against 
thee. 

27  But  it  is  good  for  me  to  hold  me  fast  by  God, 
to  put  my  trust  in  the  Lord  God  :  and  to  speak  of  all 

thy  works  (in  the  gates  of  the  daughter  of  Sion). 


^  Or,  in  the  city.  ^  Cf.  Ps.  xxxix.  6. 

'  Heb.  beasts  (^intensive  plural). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXllI  211 

1 6  And  1  pondered  how  I  might  know  this ; 

(but)  it  was  travail  in  mine  eyes  ; 

1 7  Until  I  entered  into  the  sanctuary  of  God, 

(and)  considered  their  latter  end  : 

1 8  Surely  thou  settest  them  in  slippery  places  ; 

thou  causest  them  to  fall,  so  that  they  become 
ruins. 

19  How  are  they  become  a  desolation  in  a  moment ! 

they  are  brought  utterly  to  an  end  by  sudden 
terrors  : 

20  As  a  dream  when  one  awaketh, 

so,  Lord,  when  thou  arousest  thyself ',  dost  thou 
despise  their  semblance  ^ 

21  For  my  heart  was  soured, 

and  I  was  pricked  in  my  reins. 

22  But  /was  brutish,  and  knew  not : 

a  very  beast  ^  was  I  toward  thee. 

23  Yet  I  am  continually  with  thee; 

thou  boldest  my  right  hand. 

24  Thou  wilt  guide  me  with  thy  counsel, 

and  afterward  receive  me  with  glory. 

25  Whom  have  I  in  heaven  (but  thee)  ? 

and  having  thee  *  I  delight  not  (in  aught  that  is) 
upon  earth. 

26  My  flesh  and  my  heart  faileth : 

(but)  God  is  the  rock   of  my  heart  and  my 
portion  for  ever. 

27  For,  lo,  they  that  go  far  from  thee  shall  perish  ; 

thou  dost  exterminate  all  them  that  go  a  whoring 
from  thee. 

28  But  as  for  me,  to  draw  near  unto  God  is  my  good  ; 

in  the  Lord  Jehovah  have  I  made  my  refuge, 
that  I  may  tell  of  all  the  works  that  thou  hast 
in  hand'\ 


*  Or,  in  comparison  of  thee.     Lit.  with  thee, 

*  Lit.  all  thy  businesses. 

P  2 


212  THE   PSALMS  [daY  I4 


Psalm  LXXIV.     Ut  quid,  Deus  ? 

1  O  God,  wherefore  art  thou  absent  from  us  so 
long  :  why  is  thy  wrath  so  hot  against  the  sheep  of  thy 
pasture  ? 

2  O  think  upon  thy  congregation  :  whom  thou  hast 
purchased,  and  redeemed  of  old. 

3  Think  upon  the  tribe  of  thine  inheritance  :  and 
mount  Sion,  wherein  thou  hast  dwelt. 

4  Lift  up  thy  feet,  that  thou  mayest  utterly  destroy 
every  enemy  :  which  hath  done  evil  in  thy  sanctuary. 

5  Thine  adversaries  roar  in  the  midst  of  thy  con- 
gregations :  and  set  up  their  banners  for  tokens. 

6  He  that  hewed  timber  afore  out  of  the  thick 
trees  :  was  known  to  bring  it  to  an  excellent  work. 

7  But  now  they  break  down  all  the  carved  work 
thereof  :  with  axes  and  hammers. 

8  They  have  set  fire  upon  thy  holy  places  :  and 
have  defiled  the  dwelling-place  of  thy  Name,  even 
unto  the  ground. 

9  Yea,  they  said  in  their  hearts,  Let  us  make 
havock  of  them  altogether  :  thus  have  they  burnt  up 
all  the  houses  of  God  in  the  land. 

10  We  see  not  our  tokens,  there  is  not  one  prophet 
more  :  no,  not  one  is  there  among  us,  that  under- 
standeth  any  more. 

11  O  God,  how  long  shall  the  adversary  do  this 
dishonour  :  how  long  shall  the  enemy  blaspheme  thy 
Name,  for  ever  ? 

*  Or,  of  tliy  shepherding.  2  Y,yi.  xv.  16. 

^  Or,  with  the  change  of  a  point,  the  enemy  hath  marred  all. 

*  i.e.  the  Temple.     See  Ex.  xxv.  22  ;   and  cf.  Lam.  ii.  6  (^'  he 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXIV  213 


Psalm  LXXIV. 

1  Why,  O  God;  hast  thou  cast  off  for  ever  ? 

uvhy)  doth  thine  anger  smoke  against  the  flock 
of  thy  pasture  ^  ? 

2  O  remember  thy  congregation,  which  thou  hast 

purchased "  of  old, 
which  thou  hast  redeemed  to  be  the  tribe  of 

thine  inheritance, 
mount  Zion,  wherein  thou  hast  dwelt. 

3  Lift  up  thy  feet  unto  the  perpetual  ruins, 

(even)  all  that  the  enemy  hath  marred^  in  the 
sanctuary. 

4  Thine  adversaries  have  roared  in  the  midst  of  thy 

meeting-place  * ; 
they  have  set  up  their  own  signs  for  signs  °. 

5  They  have  become   known   as   men   who   wield 

upwards 
axes  in  a  thicket  of  trees. 

6  And  now  all  the  carved  work  thereof  together 

they  strike  down  with  hatchet  and  hammers. 

7  They  have  set  thy  sanctuary  on  fire  ; 

they  have  profaned  the  dwelling-place  of  thy 
name  "  even  unto  the  ground. 

8  They  have  said  in  their  heart,  '  Let  us  oppress  (?) 

them  altogether ' : 
they  have  burned  up  all  the  meeting-places  of 
God  in  the  land. 

9  We  see  not  our  signs  : 

there  is  no  prophet  any  more  ; 

neither  is  there  any  with  us  that  knoweth  how 

long. 
ID  How  long,  O  God,  shall  the  adversary  reproach  ? 
(how  long)  shall  the  enemy  contemn  thy  name 

for  ever  ? 

hath  destroyed  his  meeting-place'). 

^  Their    own    rehgious    symbols   take    the    place   of   those 
belonging  to  the  worship  of  Jehovah.  ^  Cf.  Deut.  xii.  11. 


214  THE   PSALMS  [day  14 

12  Why  withdrawest  thou  thy  hand  :  why  pluckest 
thou  not  thy  right  hand  out  of  thy  bosom  to  consume 
the  enemy  ? 


13  For  God  is  my  King  of  old  :  the  help  that  is 
done  upon  earth  he  doeth  it  himself. 

14  Thou  didst  divide  the  sea  through  thy  power  : 
thou  brakest  the  heads  of  the  dragons  in  the  waters. 

15  Thou  smotest  the  heads  of  Leviathan  in  pieces  : 
and  gavest  him  to  be  meat  for  the  people  in  the 
wilderness. 

16  Thou  broughtest  out  fountains  and  waters  out 
of  the  hard  rocks  :  thou  driedst  up  mighty  waters. 

17  The  day  is  thine,  and  the  night  is  thine  :  thou 
hast  prepared  the  light  and  the  sun. 

18  Thou  hast  set  all  the  borders  of  the  earth  :  thou 
hast  made  summer  and  winter. 

19  Remember  this,  O  Lord,  how  the  enemy  hath 
rebuked  :  and  how  the  foolish  people  hath  blasphemed 
thy  Name. 

20  O  deliver  not  the  soul  of  thy  turtle-dove  unto 
the  multitude  of  the  enemies  :  and  forget  not  the 
congregation  of  the  poor  for  ever. 

21  Look  upon  the  covenant  :  for  all  the  earth  is 
full  of  darkness,  and  cruel  habitations. 


22 
the 


2  O  let  not  the  simple  go  away  ashamed  :  but  let 
poor  and  needy  give  praise  unto  thy  Name. 

^  Read,  perhaps,  and  keepest  thou  thy  right  hand  within  thy 
bosom  ? 

^  A  symbolical  designation  of  the  power  of  Egj^pt.  Cf. 
Ez.  xxix.  3,  xxxii.  2,  Is.  li.  9. 

^  i.e.  the  crocodile  (Job  xli") :  also  symbolical  of  Egypt. 
The  word  means  something  ivreathcd  or  coiled. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXIV  215 

11  Why  drawest  thou  back  thy  hand,  and  thy  right 

hand  ? 
from  the  midst  of  thy  bosom  (pkick  it  forth 
and)  consume  !  ^ 

1 2  Yet  God  is  my  King  from  of  old, 

working  salvations  in  the  midst  of  the  earth. 

13  Thou  didst  divide  the  sea  by  thy  strength ; 

thou  brakest  the  heads  of  the  (river-)monsters  ^ 
upon  the  waters. 

14  Thoti  didst  crush  the  heads  of  leviathan  ^  in  pieces, 

thou  gavest  him  to  be  food  for  a  folk  of  desert- 
dwellers  *. 

1 5  Thoii  didst  cleave  fountain  and  torrent ; 

thou  didst  dry  up  ever-flowing  streams. 

16  The  day  is  thine,  the  night  also  is  thine, 

thou  hast  established  luminary  and  sun. 

1 7  Thou  hast  fixed  all  the  borders  of  the  earth  : 

summer  and  winter,  thou  hast  formed  them. 

18  Remember  this,  (how)  the  enemy  hath  reproached, 

O  Jehovah  ®, 
and  (how)  a  senseless  people  have  contemned 
thy  name. 

19  O  deliver  not  thy  turtle-dove  unto  the  greedy  wild- 

beast  ^ ; 
forget  not  for  ever  the  life  of  thy  poor. 

20  Look  upon  the  covenant : . 

for  the   dark   places  of  the   land   are   full   of 
pastures  of  violence ''. 

21  O  let  not  the  downtrodden  turn  back  in  confusion  ; 

let  the  poor  and  needy  praise  thy  name. 


*  i.  e.  wild-beasts  inhabiting  the  desert.  For  'folic,'  cf.  Prov. 
XXX.  25,  26. 

^  Or,  hath  reproadied  Jehovah. 

"  Or,  changing  a  letter,  deliver  not  the  soul  of  thy  turtle-dove 
unto  the  wild-heast  (or,  with  a  further  change,  uuto  death). 

'  Read  probably,  are  full  of  pride  (xvii.  10)  and  violence. 


2l6  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  15 

23  Arise,  O  God,  maintain  thine  own  cause  : 
remember  how  the  fooHsh  man  blasphemeth  thee 
daily. 

24  Forget  not  the  voice  of  thine  enemies  :  the 
presumption  of  them  that  hate  thee  increaseth  ever 
more  and  more. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  LXXV.     Confitebimur  tibi. 

1  Unto  thee,  O  God,  do  we  give  thanks  :  yea,  unto 
thee  do  we  give  thanks. 

2  Thy  Name  also  is  so  nigh  :  and  that  do  thy 
wondrous  works  declare. 

3  When  I  receive  the  congregation  :  I  shall  judge 
according  unto  right. 

4  The  earth  is  weak,  and  all  the  inhabiters  thereof : 
I  bear  up  the  pillars  of  it. 

5  I  said  unto  the  fools,  Deal  not  so  madly  :  and 
to  the  ungodly,  Set  not  up  your  horn. 

6  Set  not  up  your  horn  on  high  :  and  speak  not 
with  a  stiff  neck. 

7  For  promotion  cometh  neither  from  the  east,  nor 
from  the  west  :  nor  yet  from  the  south. 

8  And  why?  God  is  the  Judge  :  he  putteth  down 
one,  and  setteth  up  another. 

9  For  in  the  hand  of  the  Lord  there  is  a  cup,  and 
the  wine  is  red  :  it  is  full  mixed,  and  he  poureth  out 
of  the  same. 


1  Read  probably,  and  they  that  call  upon  thy  name  tell  of. 
-  God,   as  judge,  interposes   when  the    right  moment   has 
arrived. 

^  i.e.  panic-struck,  disorganized;  cf.  Ex.  xv.  15,  Josh.  ii.  g. 
*  Fig.  for,  restore  order. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXV  217 

2  2  Arise,  O  God,  plead  thine  own  cause  : 

remember  the  reproach  which  thou  hast  all  the 
day  at  the  hand  of  the  senseless  man. 
23  Forget  not  the  voice  of  thine  adversaries, 

the  uproar  of  them  that  rise  up  against  thee, 
which  ascendeth  (unto  heaven)  continually. 


Psalm  LXXV. 

1  We  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  God, 

we  give  thanks,  and  thy  name  is  near ; 
they  tell  of  ^  thy  wondrous  works. 

2  '  For  I  take  the  appointed  time  ^ : 

'/  judge  with  equity. 

3  '  When  the  earth  and  all  the  inhabitants  thereof 

are  melted  away  ^, 
'  /adjust  the  pillars  of  it  *. 

4  '  I  say  unto  the  boasters,  "  Be  not  boastful  "  ; 

'and  to  the  wicked,  "  Lift  not  up  the  horn  "' : 

5  Lift  not  up  your  horn  on  high  \ 

speak  not  arrogancy  ^  with  (haughty)  neck. 

6  For  neither  from  the  east,  nor  from  the  west, 

nor  yet  from  the  wilderness,  (cometh)  lifting  up  ^ 

7  For  God  is  judge  : 

he  putteth  down  one,  and  lifteth  up  another. 

8  For  in  the  hand  of  Jehovah  there  is  a  cup,  and 

the  wine  foameth  ; 
it  is  full  of  mixture '',  and  he  poureth  out  of  the 
same  : 

^  Cf.  I  Sam.  ii.  3. 

^  Or,  according  to  a  vocalization  found  in  many  MSS.  and 
editions,  nor  yet  front  the  wilderness  of  nioiiiitains  {conieih 
jitcigeinent). 

'  i.e.  wine  mixed  with  aromatic  spices  ;  cf.  Prov.  xxiii.  30. 


2l8  THE   PSALMS  [day  I5 

10  As  for  the  dregs  thereof  :  all  the  ungodly  of  the 
earth  shall  drink  them,  and  suck  them  out. 

11  But  I  will  talk  of  the  God  of  Jacob  :  and  praise 
him  for  ever. 

12  All  the  horns  of  the  ungodly  also  will  I  break  : 
and  the  horns  of  the  righteous  shall  be  exalted. 


Psalm  LXX VI.     Notts  in  Judcea. 

1  In  Jewry  is  God  known  :  his  Name  is  great  in 
Israel. 

2  At  Salem  is  his  tabernacle  :  and  his  dwelling  in 
Sion. 

3  There  brake  he  the  arrows  of  the  bow  :  the 
shield,  the  sword,  and  the  battle. 

4  Thou  art  of  more  honour  and  might  :  than  the 
hills  of  the  robbers. 

5  The  proud  are  robbed,  they  have  slept  their 
sleep  :  and  all  the  men  whose  hands  were  mighty 
have  found  nothinsj. 

6  At  thy  rebuke,  O  God  of  Jacob  :  both  the  chariot 
and  horse  are  fallen. 

7  Thou,  even  thou  art  to  be  feared  :  and  who  may 
stand  in  thy  sight  when  thou  art  angry  ? 

8  Thou  didst  cause  thy  judgement  to  be  heard 
from  heaven  :  the  earth  trembled,  and  was  still, 

9  When  God  arose  to  judgement  :  and  to  help  all 
the  meek  upon  earth. 


*  The  Sept.  has,  /  will  rejoice  (one  letter  different). 
"^  Read  probably.  Terrible  (cf.  vv.  7,  12). 
^  Vis.  as  a  lion  ;  cf.  v.  2,  and  Is.  xxxi.  4. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXVI  219 

surely  the  dregs  thereof,  all  the  wicked  of  the 
earth  shall  drain  them  out,  and  drink  them. 

9  But  as  for  me,  I  will  declare  ^  for  ever, 

I  will  make  melody  to  the  God  of  Jacob. 
10  All  the  horns  of  the  wicked  also  will  I  hew  off; 
but  the  horns  of  the  righteous  shall  be  lifted  up. 


Psalm  LXXVI. 

1  In  Judah  is  God  known  : 

his  name  is  great  in  Israel. 

2  In  Salem  also  is  his  covert, 

and  his  lair  in  Zion. 

3  There  brake  he  the  flashings  of  the  bow ; 

the  shield,  and  the  sword,  and  the  battle. 

4  Illumined^  art  thou,  (and)  glorious, 

(coming  down ')  from  the  mountains  of  prey. 

5  The  stouthearted  are  spoiled,  they  slumber  their 

(last)  sleep  * ; 
and  none  of  the  men  of  might  have  found  their 
hands  ®. 

6  At  thy  rebuke,  O  God  of  Jacob, 

both  chariot  and  horse  are  cast  into  a  dead 
sleep. 

7  Terrible  art  thou  ; 

and  who  may  stand  in  thy  sight  when  once  thou 
art  angry  ? 

8  Out  of  heaven  didst  thou  cause  sentence  to  be 

heard  ; 
the  earth  feared,  and  was  still, 

9  When  God  arose  to  judgement, 

to  save  all  the  humble  of  the  earth. 

♦  Cf.  Nah.  iii.  18,  Jer.  li.  39,  57. 

'  J.  e.  they  were  powerless,  unable  to  defend  themselves.    Cf. 
Josh.  viii.  20  ;  Is.  xxxvii.  27  '  of  small  power'  (lit.  short  of  hand). 


220  THE   PSALMS  [daY  I5 


10  The  fierceness  of  man  shall  turn  to  thy  praise  : 
and  the  fierceness  of  other  ^  shalt  thou  refrain. 

1 1  Promise  unto  the  Lord  your  God,  and  keep  it, 
all  ye  that  are  round  about  him  :  bring  presents  unto 
him  that  ought  to  be  feared. 

12  He  shall  refrain  the  spirit  of  princes  :  and  is 
wonderful  among  the  kings  of  the  earth. 

Psalm  LXXVII.      Voce  mea  ad  Dominum. 

1  I  will  cry  unto  God  with  my  voice  :  even  unto 
God  will  I  cry  with  my  voice,  and  he  shall  hearken 
unto  me. 

2  In  the  time  of  my  trouble  I  sought  the  Lord  : 
my  sore  ran,  and  ceased  not  in  the  night-season ;  my 
soul  refused  comfort. 

3  When  I  am  in  heaviness,  I  will  think  upon  God  : 
when  my  heart  is  vexed,  I  will  complain. 

4  Thou  boldest  mine  eyes  waking  :  I  am  so  feeble, 
that  I  cannot  speak. 

5  I  have  considered  the  days  of  old  :  and  the  years 
that  are  past. 

6  I  call  to  remembrance  my  song  :  and  in  the 
night  I  commune  with  mine  own  heart,  and  search 
out  my  spirits. 

7  Will  the  Lord  absent  himself  for  ever  :  and  will 
he  be  no  more  intreated  ? 

8  Is  his  mercy  clean  gone  for  ever  :  and  is  his 
promise  come  utterly  to  an  end  for  evermore? 

9  Hath  God  forgotten  to  be  gracious  :  and  will  he 
shut  up  his  loving-kindness  in  displeasure? 

'  So  the  Great  Bible  of  1539:  see  the  Introduction. 
^  Properly,  lead  along  in  a  procession  ;  cf.  Ixviii.  29. 
^  i.e.  the  passion  (Jud.  viii.  3  . 

^   Read  probably,  mine  eye  {^poured  down,  &c.).     Cf.  Lam. 
iii.  49,   '  mine  eye   fotireth    dozvn,    and  ceaseth  not,   vi^ithout 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXVII  221 


10  For  the  wrath  of  man  shall  give  thanks  unto  thee  ; 

with  the  residue  of  wraths  thou  wilt  gird  thyself. 

1 1  Vow,  and  pay  unto  Jehovah  your  God  : 

let  all  them  that  are  round  about  him  bring  ^ 
presents  unto  the  Terrible  one ; 

12  He  loppeth  short  the  spirit  ^  of  princes  ; 

(and  is)  terrible  to  the  kings  of  the  earth. 

Psalm  LXXVII. 

1  (I  said,)  '  My  voice  is  unto  God,-  and  I  will  cry ; 

'  my  voice  is  unto  God,  and  he  will  give  ear  unto 
me.' 

2  In  the  day  of  my  trouble  I  sought  after  the  Lord  : 

my  hand*  was  poured  out  in  the  night,  and 

grew  not  numb ; 
my  soul  refused  to  be  comforted. 

3  '  I  will  remember  God,'  (I  said,)  'and  I  will  moan: 

'  I  will  muse,  and  my  spirit  fainteth.' 

4  Thou  heldest  (open)  the  guards  of  mine  eyes  : 

I  was  troubled  ^  and  could  not  speak. 

5  I  pondered  the  days  of  old^ 

the  years  of  (past)  ages  : 

6  (I  said,)  '  I  will  remember  my  song  in  the  night  ^ ; 

'  I  will  muse  with  my  heart ; ' 

and  my  spirit  made  diligent  search  ^,  (saying)  : 

7  '  Will  the  Lord  cast  off  for  ever  '^  ? 

'  and  will  he  be  favourable  no  more  ? 

8  '  Is  his  kindness  clean  gone  for  ever  ? 

*  is  the  promise  come  to  an  end  for  all  genera- 
tions ? 

9  '  Hath  God  forgotten  to  be  gracious  ? 

'  or  hath  he  in  anger  shut  up  his  compassions  ? ' 

numbness.'  ^  Cf.  Gen.  xli.  8,  Dan.  ii.  i,  3. 

^  t.  e.  the  songs  in  which  the  Psalmist  could  once  praise  God 
for  His  mercies  ;  cf.  Job  xxxv.  10. 

'  And  I  searched  out  my  spirit,  Sept.,  S3'r.,  Symm.,  Theod., 
and  some  moderns.  *  W&h. /or  ages. 


222  THE   PSALMS  [daY  1 5 

10  And  I  said,  It  is  mine  own  infirmity  :  but  I  will 
remember  the  years  of  the  right  hand  of  the  most 
Highest. 

Ill  will  remember  the  works  of  the  Lord  :  and 
call  to  mind  thy  wonders  of  old  time. 

12  I  will  think  also  of  all  thy  works  :  and  my 
talking  shall  be  of  thy  doings. 

13  Thy  way,  O  God,  is  holy  :  who  is  so  great  a  God 
as  (our)  God  ? 

14  Thou  art  the  God  that  doeth  wonders  :  and 
hast  declared  thy  power  among  the  people. 

15  Thou  hast  mightily  delivered  thy  people  :  even 
the  sons  of  Jacob  and  Joseph. 

16  The  waters  saw  thee,  O  God,  the  waters  saw 
thee,  and  were  afraid  :  the  depths  also  were  troubled. 

17  The  clouds  poured  out  water,  the  air  thundered  : 
and  thine  arrows  went  abroad. 

18  The  voice  of  thy  thunder  was  heard  round 
about  :  the  lightnings  shone  upon  the  ground ;  the 
earth  was  moved,  and  shook  withal. 

19  Thy  way  is  in  the  sea,  and  thy  paths  in  the 
great  waters  :  and  thy  footsteps  are  not  known. 

20  Thou  leddest  thy  people  like  sheep  :  by  the 
hand  of  Moses  and  Aaron. 


E  VENING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  LXXVIII.     Attendite,  popule. 

I  Hear  my  law,  O  my  people  :  incline  your  ears 
unto  the  words  of  my  mouth. 

^  As  we  might  saj',  my  cross  ;  cf.  Jer.  x.  19. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXVIII  223 


10  And  I  said,  '  It  is  my  sickness ' ; 

'  the  years  of  the  right  hand  of  the  Most  High 
(will  I  remember) ! 

1 1  '  I  will  make  mention  of  the  deeds  of  Jah  ; 

'for  I  will  remember  thy  wonders  of  old. 

12  'I  will  meditate'^  also  on  all  thy  work, 

'  and  muse  on  thy  doings.' 

13  O  God,  thy  way  is  in  holiness  ; 

who  is  a  great  god  like  unto  God  ? 

14  Thou  art  the  God  that  doeth  wonders  : 

thou  hast  made  known  thy  strength  among  the 
peoples. 

15  Thou  didst  with  thine  arm  redeem  thy  people, 

the  sons  of  Jacob  and  Joseph. 

16  The  waters  saw  thee,  O  God, 

the  waters  saw  thee,  they  were  in  pangs ; 
yea,  the  deeps  trembled. 

17  The  clouds  flooded  forth  water  ; 

the  skies  uttered  (their)  voice  ^ : 
yea,  thine  arrows  went  abroad. 

18  The  voice  of  thy  thunder  was  in  the  whirling  storm  • 

the  lightnings  illumined  the  world  : 
the  earth  trembled  and  shook. 

19  Thy  way  was  in  the  sea, 

and  thy  paths  were  in  the  great  waters, 
and  thy  footprints  were  not  known. 

20  Thou  leddest  thy  people  like  a  flock, 

by  the  hand  of  Moses  and  Aaron. 


Psalm  LXXVIII. 

1  Give  ear,  O  my  people,  to  my  instruction  ; 

incline  your  ears  unto  the  words  of  my  mouth 

2  Lit.  murmur.  ^  Cf,  Hab.  iii.  10. 


224  T^^   PSALMS  [day  15 

2  I  will  open  my  mouth  in  a  parable  :  I  will  declare 
hard  sentences  of  old  ; 

3  Which  we  have  heard  and  known  :  and  such  as 
our  fathers  have  told  us ; 

4  That  we  should  not  hide  them  from  the  children 
of  the  generations  to  come  :  but  to  shew  the  honour 
of  the  Lord,  his  mighty  and  wonderful  works  that  he 
hath  done. 


5  He  made  a  covenant  with  Jacob,  and  gave  Israel 
a  law  :  which  he  commanded  our  forefathers  to  teach 
their  children ; 

6  That  their  posterity  might  know  it  :  and  the 
children  which  were  yet  unborn  ; 

7  To  the  intent  that  when  they  came  up  :  they 
might  shew  their  children  the  same ; 

8  That  they  might  put  their  trust  in  God  :  and  not 
to  forget  the  works  of  God,  but  to  keep  his  pommand- 
ments ; 

9  And  not  to  be  as  their  forefathers,  a  faithless  and 
stubborn  generation  :  a  generation  that  set  not  their 
heart  aright,  and  whose  spirit  cleaveth  not  stedfastly 
unto  God ; 

10  Like  as  the  children  of  Ephraim  :  who  being 
harnessed,  and  carrying  bows,  turned  themselves  back 
in  the  day  of  battle. 

1 1  They  kept  not  the  covenant  of  God  :  and  would 
not  walk  in  his  law ; 

1 2  But  forgat  what  he  had  done  :  and  the  wonderful 
works  that  he  had  shewed  for  them. 


*  Heb.  pour  forth. 

^  i.  e.  truths  stated  figuratively  or  indirectly  (cf.  Ez.  xvii.  2)  ; 
here,  the  lessons  implicit  in  the  past  history  of  Israel. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXVIII  225 

2  I  will  open  my  mouth  with  a  parable  ; 

I  will  utter  ^  riddles^  concerning^  times  of  old. 

3  That  which  we  have  heard  and  known, 

and  our  fathers  have  told  us, 

4  We  will  not  hide  from  their  children, 

telling  to  the  generation  to  come  the  praises  of 

Jehovah, 
and  his  strength,  and  his  wondrous  works  that 

he  hath  done. 

5  For  he  established  a  testimony  in  Jacob, 

and  appointed  a  law  in  Israel, 
whereby  he  commanded  our  fathers, 
to  make  them  known  to  their  children  ; 

6  in  order  that  the  generation  to  come  might  know 

(them), 
even  the  children  which  should  be  born  ; 
that  they  might  arise  and  tell  (them)  to  their 

children  : 

7  That  they  might  put  their  confidence  in  God, 

and  not  forget  the  deeds  of  God, 
but  keep  his  commandments  : 

8  And  might  not  be  as  their  fathers, 

a  refractory  and  defiant  generation  ; 

a  generation  that  fixed  not  their  heart  firmly, 

and  whose  spirit  was  not  faithful  with  God. 

9  The  children  of  Ephraim,  armed*  (and)  shooting 

with  the  bow, 
turned  about  in  the  day  of  battle.^ 

10  They  kept  not  the  covenant  of  God, 

and  refused  to  walk  in  his  law ; 

11  And  they  forgat  his  doings, 

and  his  wondrous  works  that  he  had  caused 
them  to  see.  "'"'^''''  ^ 

^  Heb.  {springing)  out  of,  or  {derived)  front. 
*  Or,  handling.     The  exact  sense  is  uncertain. 


226  THE   PSALMS  [day  15 

13  Marvellous  things  did  he  in  the  sight  of  our 
forefathers,  in  the  land  of  Egypt  :  even  in  the  field  of 
Zoan. 

14  He  divided  the  sea,  and  let  them  go  through  : 
he  made  the  waters  to  stand  on  an  heap. 

15  In  the  day-time  also  he  led  them  with  a  cloud  : 
and  all  the  night  through  with  a  light  of  fire. 

16  He  clave  the  hard  rocks  in  the  wilderness  :  and 
gave  them  drink  thereof,  as  it  had  been  out  of  the 
great  depth. 

17  He  brought  waters  out  of  the  stony  rock  :  so 
that  it  gushed  out  like  the  rivers. 

18  Yet  for  all  this  they  sinned  more  against  him  : 
and  provoked  the  most  Highest  in  the  wilderness. 

19  They  tempted  God  in  their  hearts  :  and  required 
meat  for  their  lust. 

20  They  spake  against  God  also,  saying  :  Shall 
God  prepare  a  table  in  the  wilderness  ? 

21  He  smote  the  stony  rock  indeed,  that  the  water 
gushed  out,  and  the  streams  flowed  withal  :  but  can 
he  give  bread  also,  or  provide  flesh  for  his  people  ? 


22  When  the  Lord  heard  this,  he  was  wroth  :  so 
the  fire  was  kindled  in  Jacob,  and  there  came  up 
heavy  displeasure  against  Israel ; 

23  Because  they  believed  not  in  God  :  and  put  not 
their  trust  in  his  help. 

24  So  he  commanded  the  clouds  above  :  and 
opened  the  doors  of  heaven. 

25  He  rained  down  manna  also  upon  them  for  to 
eat  :  and  gave  them  food  from  heaven. 

26  So  man  did  eat  Angels'  food  :  for  he  sent  them 
meat  enough. 

>  Ex.  xvii.  6.  ^  Num.  xx.  11  (Heb.). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXVIII  227 

12  In  the  sight  of  their  fathers  he  did  wonders, 

in  the  land  of  Egypt,  in  the  field  of  Zoan. 

13  He   clave   the   sea,    and   caused   them    to    pass 

through  ; 
and  he  made  the  waters  to  stand  as  a  heap. 

14  By  day  also  he  led  them  with  a  cloud, 

and  all  the  night  with  a  light  of  fire. 

15  He  clave  rocks  '  in  the  wilderness, 

and  gave  them  drink  abundantly  as  out  of  the 
deeps. 

16  He  brought  forth  streams  also  from  the  crag  ^, 

and  caused  waters  to  run  down  like  rivers. 

1 7  Yet  went  they  on  still  to  sin  against  him, 

to  defy  the  Most  High  in  the  desert. 

18  And  they  put  God  to  the  proof  in  their  heart, 

by  asking  food  for  their  appetite  ^ 

19  Yea,  they  spake  against  God; 

they   said,  '  Can  God   lay  out  a  table  in  the 
wilderness  ? 

20  '  Behold,  he  smote  the  rock,  and  waters  gushed 

out, 
'  and  torrents  overflowed  : 
'  can  he  give  bread  also  ? 
'  or  will  he  provide  flesh  for  his  people  ? ' 

2 1  Therefore  Jehovah  heard,  and  was  enraged  : 

and  a  fire  was  kindled  against  Jacob, 
and  anger  alscTcame  up  against  Israel ; 

22  Because  they  believed  not  in  God, 

and  trusted  not  in  his  salvation. 

23  And  he  commanded  the  skies  above, 

and  opened  the  doors  of  heaven; 

24  And  he  rained  manna  upon  them  for  to  eat, 

and  gave  them  the  corn  of  heaven. 

25  Man  did  eat  the  bread  of  the  mighty  : 

he  sent  them  provisions  to  the  full. 

'  Heb.  soul.     See  Glossary  I. 
Q  2 


228  THE   PSALMS  [daY  15 

27  He  caused  the  east-wind  to  blow  under  heaven  : 
and  through  his  power  he  brought  in  the  south-west- 
wind. 

28  He  rained  flesh  upon  them  as  thick  as  dust  : 
and  feathered  fowls  like  as  the  sand  of  the  sea. 

29  He  let  it  fall  among  their  tents  :  even  round 
about  their  habitation. 

30  So  they  did  eat,  and  were  well  filled ;  for  he  gave 
them  their  own  desire  :  they  were  not  disappointed  of 
their  lust. 

3 1  But  while  the  meat  was  yet  in  their  mouths,  the 
heavy  wrath  of  God  came  upon  them,  and  slew  the 
wealthiest  of  them  :  yea,  and  smote  down  the  chosen 
men  that  were  in  Israel. 

32  But  for  all  this  they  sinned  yet  more  :  and 
believed  not  his  wondrous  works. 

33  Therefore  their  days  did  he  consume  in  vanity  : 
and  their  years  in  trouble. 

34  When  he  slew  them,  they  sought  him  :  and 
turned  them  early,  and  enquired  after  God. 

35  And  they  remembered  that  God  was  their 
strength  :  and  that  the  high  God  was  their  redeemer. 

36  Nevertheless,  they  did  but  flatter  him  with  their 
mouth  :  and  dissembled  with  him  in  their  tongue. 

37  For  their  heart  was  not  whole  with  him  :  neither 
continued  they  stedfast  in  his  covenant. 

38  But  he  was  so  merciful,  that  he  forgave  their 
misdeeds  :  and  destroyed  them  not. 

39  Yea,  many  a  time  turned  he  his  wrath  away  : 
and  would  not  suffer  his  whole  displeasure  to  arise. 

40  For  he  considered  that  they  were  but  flesh  : 
and  that  they  were  even  a  wind  that  passeth  away, 
and  Cometh  not  again. 

^  See  the  note  on  Ps.  xlviii.  7. 
*  Cf.  Num.  xi.  31  (Heb.). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXVIII  229 


26  He  caused  the  east-wind '  to  set  forth  ^  in  heaven  : 

and  by  his  strength  he  guided  on''  the  south 
wind. 

27  And  he  rained  flesh  upon  them  as  dust, 

and  winged  fowl  as  the  sand  of  the  seas  : 

28  And  he  let  it  fall  in  the  midst  of  their  camp, 

round  about  their  dwellings. 

29  So  they  did  eat,  and  were  well  filled ; 

and  he  brought  them  their  desire. 

30  They  were  not  estranged  from  their  desire, 

their  food  was  yet  in  their  mouths, 

31  When  the  anger  ofGod  came  up  against  them, 

and  slew  among  the  lustiest  *  of  them, 
and  bowed  down  the  young  men  of  Israel. 

32  For  all  this  they  sinned  yet  more, 

and  believed  not  in  his  wondrous  works. 

33  So  he  made  their  days  to  vanish  as  a  breath, 

and  their  years  in  dismay. 

34  When  he  slew  them,  then   they   would   inquire 

after  him, 
and  turn  back  and  seek  God  earnestly. 

35  And  they  remembered  that  God  was  their  rock, 

and  God  Most  High  their  redeemer. 

36  But  they  beguiled  him  with  their  mouth, 

and  lied  unto  him  with  their  tongue : 

37  For  their  heart  was  not  firm  with  him, 

neither  were  they  faithful  in  his  covenant. 

38  But   he,   being    full    of    compassion,    cancelleth 

iniquity,  and  destroyeth  not ; 
yea,  many  a  time  turneth  he  his  anger  back, 
and  stirreth  not  up  all  his  fury. 

39  So  he  remembered  that  they  were  but  flesh ; 

a  wind  that  passeth  away,  and  returneth  not 
again. 


^  Ex.  X.  13  (Heb.). 

*  Jud.  iii.  29,  A.V*.,  R.V.  ;  \ii.fat.     Cf.  Is.  x.  16. 


230  THE   PSALMS  [daY   15 


41  Many  a  time  did  they  provoke  him  in  the 
wilderness  :  and  grieved  him  in  the  desert. 

42  They  turned  back,  and  tempted  God  :  and 
moved  the  Holy  One  in  Israel. 

43  They  thought  not  of  his  hand  :  and  of  the  day 
when  he  delivered  them  from  the  hand  of  the  enemy; 

44  How  he  had  wrought  his  miracles  in  Egypt  : 
and  his  wonders  in  the  field  of  Zoan. 

45  He  turned  their  waters  into  blood  :  so  that  they 
might  not  drink  of  the  rivers. 

46  He  sent  lice  among  them,  and  devoured  them 
up  :  and  frogs  to  destroy  them. 

47  He  gave  their  fruit  unto  the  caterpillar  :  and 
their  labour  unto  the  grasshopper. 

48  He  destroyed  their  vines  with  hail-stones  :  and 
their  mulberry-trees  with  the  frost. 

49  He  smote  their  cattle  also  with  hail-stones  :  and 
their  flocks  with  hot  thunder-bolts. 

50  He  cast  upon  them  the  furiousness  of  his  wrath, 
anger,  displeasure,  and  trouble  :  and. sent  evil  angels 
among  them. 

51  He  made  a  way  to  his  indignation,  and  spared 
not  their  soul  from  death  :  but  gave  their  life  over  to 
the  pestilence ; 

52  And  smote  all  the  first-born  in  Egypt :  the  most 
principal  and  mightiest  in  the  dwellings  of  Ham. 

53  But  as  for  his  own  people,  he  led  them  forth 
like  sheep  :  and  carried  them  in  the  wilderness  hke 
a  flock. 


'  Lit.  the  finisher,  the  name  of  a  species  of  locust  (of.  Deut. 
xxviii.  38,  'for  tlie  locust  ^\\?>S\. finish  it'). 

'■^  So  the  Sept.  The  sense  suits  the  context ;  but  the  real 
meaning  of  the  Heb.  word  is  not  known. 

•'  Or,  {lightning-)  flashes. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXVIII  2^1 


40  How  often  did  they  defy  him  in  the  wilderness, 

and  grieve  him  in  the  desert ! 

41  And  still  again  they  put  God  to  the  proof, 

and  pained  the  Holy  One  of  Israel. 

42  They  remembered  not  his  hand, 

(nor)  the  day  when  he  ransomed  them  from  the 
adversary  : 

43  How  he  set  his  signs  in  Egypt, 

and  his  portents  in  the  field  of  Zoan  ; 

44  And  turned  their  Nile-canals  into  blood, 

so  that  they  could  not  drink  their  streams. 

45  He  sent  among  them  the  dog-fly,  which  devoured 

them ;  "^ 

and  frogs,  which  destroyed  them. 

46  He  gave  also  their  increase  unto  the  caterpillar  ^ 

and  their  labour  unto  the  locust. 

47  He  killed  their  vines  with  hail, 

and  their  sycomore  trees  with  frost  ^. 

48  He  delivered  over  their  cattle  also  to  the  hail, 

and  their  flocks  to  fire-bolts  *. 

49  He  sent  forth  *  upon  them  the  heat  of  his  anger, 

rage,  and  indignation,  and  trouble, 
a  mission  of  evil  angels  ^ 

50  He  levelled  a  path  for  his  anger ; 

he  withheld  not  their  soul  from  death, 

but  delivered  their  life  over  to  the  pestilence; 

5 1  And  smote  all  the  first-born  in  Egypt, 

(even)  the  firstfruits  of  (their)  strength  ^  in  the 
tents  of  Ham. 

52  But  he  moved  forth  his  own  people  by  stages'  like 

sheep, 
and  guided  them  in  the  wilderness  like  a  flock. 


*  Or,  lei  loose  (Prov.  vi.  14  R.V.  marg.). 

^  Heb.  angels  0/  {the  class  of)  evtl  (^hurtful)  ones.     Cf.  Job 
xxxiii.  22,  '  and  his  life  to  the  slaying  ones.' 

*  Cf.  Gen.  xlix.  3,  Deut.  xxi.  17. 

^  Cf.  Ex.  xii.  37  (Hcb.),  Jer.  xxxi.  24  (Heb.). 


232  THE  PSALMS  [day  1 5 

54  He  brought  them  out  safely,  that  they  should  not 
fear  :  and  overwhelmed  their  enemies  with  the  sea. 

55  And  brought  them  within  the  borders  of  his 
sanctuary  :  even  to  his  mountain  which  he  purchased 
with  his  right  hand. 

56  He  cast  out  the  heathen  also  before  them  : 
caused  their  land  to  be  divided  among  them  for  an 
heritage,  and  made  the  tribes  of  Israel  to  dwell  in 
their  tents. 

57  So  they  tempted,  and  displeased  the  most  high 
God  :  and  kept  not  his  testimonies ; 

58  But  turned  their  backs,  and  fell  away  like  their 
forefathers  :  starting  aside  like  a  broken  bow. 

59  For  they  grieved  him  with  their  hill-altars  :  and 
provoked  him  to  displeasure  with  their  images. 

60  When  God  heard  this,  he  was  wroth  :  and  took 
sore  displeasure  at  Israel. 

61  So  that  he  forsook  the  tabernacle  in  Silo  :  even 
the  tent  that  he  had  pitched  among  men. 

62  He  delivered  their  power  into  captivity  :  and 
their  beauty  into  the  enemy's  hand. 

63  He  gave  his  people  over  also  unto  the  sword  : 
and  was  wroth  with  his  inheritance. 

64  The  fire  consumed  their  young  men  :  and  their 
maidens  were  not  given  to  marriage. 

65  Their  priests  were  slain  with  the  sword  :  and 
there  were  no  widows  to  make  lamentation. 

66  So  the  Lord  awaked  as  one  out  of  sleep  :  and 
like  a  giant  refreshed  with  wine. 


^  Heb.  as  the  line  of  an  inheritance.  ^  Cf.  Jer.  vii.  12. 

^  Sept.,  Syr.,  Targ.  read  (with  other  vowels),  where  he  dwelt. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXVIII  233 


53  And  he  led  them  safely,  and  they  had  no  fear : 

but  the  sea  covered  their  enemies. 

54  And  he  brought  them  to  his  holy  border, 

to  the   mountain,  which   his   right   hand   had 
purchased. 

55  And  he  drave  out  the  nations  from  before  them, 

and  allotted  them  as  a  measured  inheritance  \ 
and  made  the  tribes  of  Israel  to  dwell  in  their 
tents. 

56  But  they  put  to  the  proof  and  defied  God  Most 

High, 
and  kept  not  his  testimonies  : 

57  But  drew    back,   and    were    faithless   like   their 

fathers  : 
they  turned  aside  like  a  deceitful  bow. 

58  For  they  vexed  him  with  their  high  places, 

and  made  him  jealous  with  their  graven  images. 

59  God  heard,  and  was  enraged, 

and  he  utterly  rejected  Israel ; 

60  And  abandoned  the  dwelling-place  of  Shiloh  ^ 

the  tent  which  he  had  made  to  dwell  ^  among 
men; 

61  And  he  gave  up  his  strength^  into  captivity, 

and  his  glory  *  into  the  adversary's  hand. 

62  He  delivered  his  people  over  also  unto  the  sword, 

and  was  enraged  with  his  inheritance. 

63  Fire  devoured  their  young  men  ; 

and  their  virgins  were  not  praised  (in  marriage- 
song). 

64  Their  priests  fell  by  the  sword ; 

and  their  widows  wept  not. 

65  Then  the  Lord  awaked  as  one  asleep, 

like  a  mighty  man  °  that  shouteth  by  reason  of 
wine ". 


*  2.  e.  the  ark  (i  Sam.  iv.  21,  22  ;  cf.  Ps.  cxxxii.  8). 

5  i.e.  a  warrior.     Cf.  Is.  xlii.  13.         "^  Or,  overcome  by  tviiie. 


234  ^^^  PSALMS  [day  i6 

67  He  smote  his  enemies  in  the  hinder  parts  :  and 
put  them  to  a  perpetual  shame. 

68  He  refused  the  tabernacle  of  Joseph  :  and  chose 
not  the  tribe  of  Ephraim  ; 

69  But  chose  the  tribe  of  Judah  :  even  the  hill  of 
Sion  which  he  loved. 

70  And  there  he  built  his  temple  on  high  :  and 
laid  the  foundation  of  it  like  the  ground  which  he 
hath  made  continually. 

71  He  chose  David  also  his  servant  :  and  took 
him  away  from  the  sheep-folds. 

72  As  he  was  following  the -ewes  great  with  young 
ones  he  took  him  :  that  he  might  feed  Jacob  his 
people,  and  Israel  his  inheritance. 

73  So  he  fed  them  with  a  faithful  and  true  heart" : 
and  ruled  them  prudently  with  all  his  power. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  LXXIX.     Deus,  venerunt. 

1  O  God,  the  heathen  are  come  into  thine  inheri- 
tance :  thy  holy  temple  have  they  defiled,  and  made 
Jerusalem  an  heap  of  stones. 

2  The  dead  bodies  of  thy  servants  have  they  given 
to  be  meat  unto  the  fowls  of  the  air  :  and  the  flesh  of 
thy  saints  unto  the  beasts  of  the  land. 

3  Their  blood  have  they  shed  like  water  on  every 
side  of  Jerusalem  :  and  there  was  no  man  to  bury 
them. 

4  We  are  become  an  open  shame  to  our  enemies: 
a  very  scorn  and  derision  unto  them  that  are  round 
about  us. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXIX  235 

66  And  he  smote  his  adversaries  backward : 

he  laid  upon  them  an  everlasting  reproach. 

67  And  he  rejected  the  tent  of  Joseph, 

and  chose  not  the  tribe  of  Ephraim  : 

68  But  chose  the  tribe  of  Judah, 

the  mountain  of  Zion  which  he  loved. 

69  And  he  built  his  sanctuary  like  the  heights  (of 

heaven), 
like  the  earth  which  he  hath  founded  for  ever. 

70  He  chose  David  also  his  servant, 

and  took  him  from  the  sheep-folds  : 

71  From    following    the   ewes   that    gave   suck    he 

brought  him, 
to  be  shepherd  over  Jacob  his  people,  and  over 
Israel  his  inheritance. 

72  So  he  shepherded  them  according  to  the  perfect- 

ness  of  his  heart ; 
and  with  the  understanding  of  his  hands  did  he 
lead  them. 


Psalm  LXXIX. 

O  God,  the  nations  are  come  into  thine  inheri- 
tance ; 
they  have  defiled  thy  holy  temple  ; 
they  have  made  Jerusalem  into  heaps. 
They  have  given  the  dead  bodies  of  thy  servants 
to  be  food  unto  the  fowls  of  the  heaven,- 
the  flesh  of  thy  godly  ones  unto  the  beasts  of 
the  earth. 
They   have   shed   their  blood   like   water   round 
about  Jerusalem ; 
and  there  was  none  to  bury  them. 
We  are  become  a  reproach  to  our  neighbours, 
a  mockery  and  a  derision  unto  them  that  are 
round  about  us  ^. 

Cf.  xliv.  13. 


236  THE  PSALMS  [day  i6 


5  Lord,  how  long  wilt  thou  be  angry  :  shall  thy 
jealousy  burn  like  fire  for  ever? 

6  Pour  out  thine  indignation  upon  the  heathen  that 
have  not  known  thee  :  and  upon  the  kingdoms  that 
have  not  called  upon  thy  Name. 

7  For  they  have  devoured  Jacob  :  and  laid  waste 
his  dwelling-place.    ' 

8  O  remember  not  our  old  sins,  but  have  mercy 
upon  us,  and  that  soon  :  for  we  are  come  to  great 
misery. 

9  Help  us,  O  God  of  our  salvation,  for  the  glory  of 
thy  Name  :  O  deliver  us,  and  be  merciful  unto  our 
sins,  for  thy  Name's  sake. 

10  Wherefore  do  the  heathen  say  :  Where  is  now 
their  God  ? 

11  O  let  the  vengeance  of  thy  servants'  blood  that 
is  shed  :  be  openly  shewed  upon  the  heathen  in  our 
sight. 

12  O  let  the  sorrowful  sighing  of  the  prisoners 
come  before  thee  :  according  to  the  greatness  of  thy 
power,  preserve  thou  those  that  are  appointed  to  die. 

13  And  for  the  blasphemy  wherewith  our  neighbours 
have  blasphemed  thee  :  reward  thou  them,  O  Lord, 
seven-fold  into  their  bosom, 

14  So  we,  that  are  thy  people,  and  sheep  of  thy 
pasture,  shall  give  thee  thanks  for  ever  :  and  will 
alway  be  shewing  forth  thy  praise  from  generation  to 
generation. 


^  Cf.  with  vv.  6,  7,  Jer.  x.  25. 

^  Lit.  cause  to  remain  over.     But  Syr.,  Targ.  read,  release 
thoti  (cxlvi.  7). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXIX  237 


5  How  long,  Jehovah,  wilt  thou  be  angry  for  ever  ? 

(how  long)  shall  thy  jealousy  burn  like  fire  ? 

6  Pour  out  thy  fury  upon  the  nations  that  have  not 

known  thee, 
and  upon  the  kingdoms  that  have  not  called 
upon  thy  name  : 

7  For  they  have  devoured  Jacob, 

and  laid  waste  his  homestead  \ 

8  Remember  not  against  us  the  iniquities  of  (our) 

forefathers : 
let  thy  compassions  speedily  come  to  meet  us  ; 
for  we  are  brought  very  low. 

9  Help  us,  O  God  of  our  salvation,  for  the  glory  of 

thy  name  ; 
and  deliver  us,  and  cancel  our   sins,   for   thy 
name's  sake. 

10  Wherefore   should   the   nations    say,    '  Where    is 

their  God  ? ' 
Let  the  vengeance  of  thy  servants'  blood  that  is 

shed, 
be  made  known  among  the  nations  before  our 

eyes. 

1 1  Let  the  groaning  of  the  prisoner  enter  in  before  thee; 

according  to  the  greatness  of  thine  arm  reprieve 
thou  ^  those  that  are  appointed  to  die  * ; 

12  And  recompense  unto  our  neighbours  sevenfold 

into  their  bosom 
their  reproach,  wherewith  they  have  reproached 
thee,  O  Lord. 

13  So  we,  (that  are)  thy  people  and  the  flock  of  thy 

pasture  *, 
will  give  thee  thanks  for  ever  ; 
we  will  tell  of  thy  praise  to  all  generations. 

^  Heb.  the  children  of  death. 
*  Or,  of  thy  shepherding. 


238  THE   PSALMS  [daY  1 6 


Psalm  LXXX.     Qui  regis  Israel. 

1  Hear,  O  thou  Shepherd  of  Israel,  thou  that  leadest 
Joseph  hke  a  sheep  :  shew  thyself  also,  thou  that 
sittest  upon  the  cherubins. 

2  Before  Ephraim,  Benjamin,  and  Manasses  :  stir 
up  thy  strength,  and  come,  and  help  us. 

3  Turn  us  again,  O  God  :  shew  the  light  of"  thy 
countenance,  and  we  shall  be  whole. 


4  O  Lord  God  of  hosts  :  how  long  wilt  thou  be 
angry  with  thy  people  that  prayeth  ? 

5  Thou  feedest  them  with  the  bread  of  tears  :  and 
givest  them  plenteousness  of  tears  to  drink. 

6  Thou  hast  made  us  a  very  strife  unto  our 
neighbours  :  and  our  enemies  laugh  us  to  scorn. 

7  Turn  us  again,  thou  God  of  hosts  :  shew  the  light 
of  thy  countenance,  and  we  shall  be  whole. 

8  Thou  hast  brought  a  vine  out  of  Egypt  :  thou 
hast  cast  out  the  heathen,  and  planted  it. 

9  Thou  madest  room  for  it  :  and  when  it  had 
taken  root  it  filled  the  land. 

10  The  hills  were  covered  with  the  shadow  of  it  : 
and  the  boughs  thereof  were  like  the  goodly  cedar- 
trees. 

11  She  stretched  out  her  branches  unto  the  sea  : 
and  her  boughs  unto  the  river. 


*  Or,  bring  us  back. 

^  Heb.  zvilt  thou  smoke.     Cf.  Ps.  Ixxiv.  i. 
^  Lit.  by  the  tierce,  the  third  part  of  some  larger  measure, 
perhaps  the  bath  (Ez.  xlv.  11),  and  if  so  equivalent  to  nearly 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXX  239 


Psalm  LXXX. 

1  Give  ear,  O  Shepherd  of  Israel, 

thou  that  guidest  Joseph  hke  a  flock  ; 
thou  that  sittest  (enthroned)  upon  the  cherubim, 
shine  forth. 

2  Before  Ephraim,  and  Benjamin,  and  Manasseh, 

stir  up  thy  might, 
and  come  to  save  us. 

3  O  God,  restore  us  ', 

and  cause  thy  face  to  shine,  and  wc  shall  be 
saved. 

4  Jehovah,  God  of  hosts, 

how   long   wilt    thou    be   angry  ^   against    the 
prayer  of  thy  people  ? 

5  Thou  hast  fed  them  with  the  bread  of  tears, 

and   given   them   to   drink   of    tears   in   large 
measure  ^ 

6  Thou  makest  us  a  strife  unto  our  neighbours : 

and  our  enemies  mock  as  they  please. 

7  O  God  of  hosts,  restore  us  ^ ; 

and  cause  thy  face  to  shine,  and  we  shall  be  saved. 

8  Thou  didst  move  a  vine  out  of  Egypt : 

thou  didst  drive  out  the  nations,  and  plantedst  it. 
p  Thou  didst  clear  a  place  before  it, 

and  it  struck  out  its  roots,  and  filled  the  land. 
10  The  mountains  were   covered   with   the   shadow 
of  it, 
and  the  boughs  thereof  were  cedars  of  God  *. 
I J  She  sent  out  her  branches  unto  the  sea, 
and  her  shoots  unto  the  River  '. 


three  gallons, — a  large  measure  for  tears,  though  a  small  one 
for  the  earth,  Is.  xl.  12  ('measure'). 

*  Or,  and  the  cedars  of  God  with  its  boughs. 

^  i.  e.  the  Euphrates.     Cf.  Ixxii.  8,  i  Ki.  iv.  24. 


240  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  1 6 

12  Why  hast  thou  then  broken  down  her  hedge  : 
that  all  they  that  go  by  pluck  off  her  grapes  ? 

13  The  wild  boar  out  of  the  wood  doth  root  it  up  : 
and  the  wild  beasts  of  the  field  devour  it. 

14  Turn  thee  again,  thou  God  of  hosts,  look  down 
from  heaven  :  behold,  and  visit  this  vine ; 

15  And  the  place  of  the  vineyard  that  thy  right 
hand  hath  planted  :  and  the  branch  that  thou  madest 
so  strong  for  thyself. 

16  It  is  burnt  with  fire,  and  cut  down  :  and  they 
shall  perish  at  the  rebuke  of  thy  countenance. 

17  Let  thy  hand  be  upon  the  man  of  thy  right 
hand  :  and  upon  the  son  of  man,  whom  thou  madest 
so  strong  for  thine  own  self 

18  And  so  will  not  we  go  back  from  thee  :  O  let  us 
live,  and  we  shall  call  upon  thy  Name. 

19  Turn  us  again,  O  Lord  God  of  hosts  :  shew  the 
light  of  thy  countenance,  and  we  shall  be  whole. 

Psalm  LXXXI*.     Exultate  Deo. 

1  Sing  we  merrily  unto  God  our  strength  :  make 
a  cheerful  noise  unto  the  God  of  Jacob. 

2  Take  the  psalm,  bring  hither  the  tabret  :  the 
merry  harp  with  the  lute. 

3  Blow  up  the  trumpet  in  the  new-moon  :  even  in 
the  time  appointed,  and  upon  our  solemn  feast-day. 

4  For  this  was  made  a  statute  for  Israel  :  and  a  law 
of  the  God  of  Jacob. 

5  This  he  ordained  in  Joseph  for  a  testimony  : 
when  he  came  out  of  the  land  of  Egypt,  and  had 
heard  a  strange  language. 


1  Heb.  son.  ^  Or,  bring  us  back. 

^  I.  e.  as  a  witness  to  His  relationship  to  Israel. 
*  Or,  over.     Cf.  Ex.  xi.  4,  xii.  23. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXXI       '  24I 

1 2  Why  hast  thou  broken  down  her  fences, 

so  that  all  they  that  pass  by  the  way  do  pluck 
her? 

13  The  boar  out  of  the  wood  doth  gnaw  it, 

and  that  which  moveth  in  the  field  grazeth  on  it. 

14  O  God  of  hosts,  return,  we  beseech  thee; 

look  from  heaven,  and  behold^ 
and  visit  this  vine  ; 

15  And  the  stock  which  thy  right  hand  hath  planted, 

and  the  branch  ^  that  thou  madest  strong  for 
thyself. 

16  It  is  burned  with  fire,  it  is  cut  away : 

they  perish  at  the  rebuke  of  thy  countenance. 

1 7  Let  thy  hand  be  upon  the  man  of  thy  right  hand, 

upon  the  son  of  man  whom  thou  madest  strong 
for  thyself. 

18  So  shall  we  not  draw  back  from  thee  : 

O  quicken  us,  and  we  will  call  upon  thy  name. 

19  Jehovah,  God  of  hosts,  restore  us  - ; 

cause  thy  face  to  shine,  and  we  shall  be  saved. 

Psalm  LXXXI. 

1  Ring  out  your  joy  unto  God  our  strength  ; 

shout  unto  the  God  of  Jacob. 

2  Take  up  the  melody,  and  bring  hither  the  timbrel, 

the  pleasant  harp  with  the  lyre. 

3  Blow  up  the  horn  in  the  new  moon, 

at  the  full  moon,  for  the  day  of  our  pilgrimage. 

4  For  it  is  a  statute  for  Israel, 

an  ordinance  of  the  God  of  Jacob. 

5  He  appointed  it  in  Joseph  for  a  testimony  ^, 

when  he  went  forth  against '  the  land  of  Egypt : 
the   language   of  one   whom    I  knew  not  did 
I  hear  ® :    - 

^  The  Psalmist,  speaking  in  the  name  of  the  nation,  says 
that  at  the  Exodus  Israel  first  learnt  to  know  the  voice  of  its 
Deliverer. 

R 


242  THE  PSALMS  [day  1 6 


6  I  eased  his  shoulder  from  the  burden  :  and  his 
hands  were  dehvered  from  [making]  the  pots. 

7  Thou  calledst  upon  me  in  troubles,  and  I  delivered 
thee  :  and  heard  thee  what  time  as  the  storm  fell  upon 
thee. 

8  I  proved  thee  also  :  at  the  waters  of  strife. 

9  Hear,   O   my   people,   and   I  will   assure   thee, 

0  Israel  :  if  thou  wilt  hearken  unto  me, 

10  There  shall  no  strange  god  be  in  thee  :  neither 
shalt  thou  worship  any  other  god. 

Ill  am  the  Lord  thy  God,  who  brought  thee  out 
of  the  land  of  Egypt  :  open  thy  mouth  wide,  and 

1  shall  fill  it. 

12  But  my  people  would  not  hear  my  voice  :  and 
Israel  would  not  obey  me. 

13  So  I  gave  them  up  unto  their  own  heart's  lusts  : 
and  let  them  follow  their  own  imaginations. 

14  O  that  my  people  would  have  hearkened  unto 
me  :  for  if  Israel  had  walked  in  my  ways, 

15  I  should  soon  have  put  down  their  enemies  : 
and  turned  my  hand  against  their  adversaries. 

16  The  haters  of  the  Lord  should  have  been  found 
liars  :  but  their  time  should  have  endured  for  ever. 

17  He  should  have  fed  them  also  with  the  finest 
wheat-flour  :  and  with  honey  out  of  the  stony  rock 
should  I  have  satisfied  thee. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 
Psalm  LXXXII.     Deus  stetit. 

I  God  standeth  in  the  congregation  of  princes  :  he 
is  a  Judge  among  gods: 

1  Heb.  passed  away. 

2  i.e.  in  the  pillar  of  cloud.     Cf.  xviii.  11;  Ex.  xiv.  19,  24. 
^  Cf.  Ps.  1.  7. 

*  See  the  note  on  xviii.  44. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXII  243 


6  '  I  removed  his  shoulder  from  the  burden  : 

'  his  hands  were  freed  '  from  the  basket. 

7  '  Thou  calledst  in  trouble,  and  I  rescued  thee  : 

'  I  answered  thee  in  the  hiding-place  of  thunder'; 
'  I  tried  thee  at  the  waters  of  Meribah. 

8  '  (I  said,)  "  Hear,  O  my  people,  and  I  will  protest  ^ 

unto  thee  : 
'"O  Israel,  ifthouwouldest  but  hearken  unto  me! 

9  '  "  There  shall  no  strange  god  be  in  thee ; 

*  "  neither  shalt  thou  worship  any  foreign  god. 

10  '  "  I  am  Jehovah  thy  God, 

'  "  who  brought  thee  up  out  of  the  land  of  Egypt : 
' "  open  thy  mouth  wide,  and  I  will  fill  it." 

1 1  '  But  my  people  hearkened  not  to  my  voice  ; 

'  and  Israel  did  not  consent  unto  me. 

12  '  So  I  let  them  go  in  the  stubbornness  of  their  heart, 

'  that  they  might  walk  in  their  own  counsels. 

13  'O  that  my  people  would  hearken  unto  me, 

'  that  Israel  would  walk  in  my  ways  ! 
14^1  should  soon  subdue  their  enemies, 

'  and  turn  my  hand  against  their  adversaries  : 

1 5  *  The  haters  of  Jehovah  should   come   cringing 

unto  him  * ; 
'  but  their  time  should  endure  for  ever  : 

16  'I  would  feed  them  also  ®  with  the  fat  of  wheat*; 

'  and  with  honey  out  of  the  rock  would  I  satisfy 
thee.' 


Psalm  LXXXII. 

I  God  standeth  in  the  congregation  of  God ; 
he  judgeth  in  the  midst  of  the  gods  : 

^  So  with  a  change  of  one  letter.  The  Heb.  text  has,  And 
he  fed  them.  (The  verb  in  the  next  line  may  be  rendered 
indifferently  either  '  did  '  or  '  would.') 

^  Cf.  Num.  xviii.  12,  R.V.  niarg.,  Deut.  xxxii.  14. 

R  2 


244  THE   PSALMS  [day  i6 

2  How  long  will  ye  give  wrong  judgement  :  and 
accept  the  persons  of  the  ungodly  ? 

3  Defend  the  poor  and  fatherless  :  see  that  such  as 
are  in  need  and  necessity  have  right. 

4  Deliver  the  out-cast  and  poor  :  save  them  from 
the  hand  of  the  ungodly. 

5  They  will  not  be  learned  nor  understand,  but 
walk  on  still  in  darkness  :  all  the  foundations  of  the 
earth  are  out  of  course. 

6  I  have  said,  Ye  are  gods  :  and  ye  are  all  the 
children  of  the  most  Highest. 

7  But  ye  shall  die  like  men  :  and  fall  like  one  of 
the  princes. 

8  Arise,  O  God,  and  judge  thou  the  earth  :  for  thou 
shalt  take  all  heathen  to  thine  inheritance. 


Psalm  LXXXIH.     Deus,  quis  similisi 

1  Hold  not  thy  tongue,  O  God,  keep  not  still 
silence  :  refrain  not  thyself,  O  God. 

2  For  lo,  thine  enemies  make  a  murmuring  :  and 
they  that  hate  thee  have  lift  up  their  head. 

3  They  have  imagined  craftily  against  thy  people  : 
and  taken  counsel  against  thy  secret  ones. 

4  They  have  said,  Come,  and  let  us  root  them  out, 
that  they  be  no  more  a  people  :  and  that  the  name  of 
Israel  may  be  no  more  in  remembrance. 

5  For  they  have  cast  their  heads  together  with  one 
consent  :  and  are  confederate  against  thee ; 

6  The  tabernacles  of  the  Edomites,  and  the  Is- 
maelites  :  the  Moabites,  and  Hagarens ; 

7  Gebal,  and  Ammon,  and  Amalek  :  the  Philistines, 
with  them  that  dwell  at  Tyre. 

^  i.  e.  the  principles  of  social  order;   cf.  xi.  3,  Ixxv.  3. 

^  Cf.  xxvii.  5  (note),  xxxi.  20  (note).  ■'  Cf  Jer.  xi.  19. 

*  Read,  perhaps,  ivilh  one  heart  (i  Ch.  xii.  38). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXni  245 

2  '  How  long  will  ye  judge  unrighteously, 

'and  accept  the  persons  of  the  wicked  ? 

3  '  Judge  the  feeble  and  fatherless  ; 

'  do  justice  to  the  poor  and  destitute  : 

4  '  Deliver  the  feeble  and  needy  ; 

'  rescue  them  from  the  hand  of  the  wicked. 

5  '  They  know  not,  neither  do  they  understand ; 

'  they  go  about  in  darkness  : 

'  all  the  foundations  of  the  earth  ^  are  moved. 

6  '/said,  "  Ye  are  gods, 

'  "  and  all  of  you  sons  of  the  Most  High  : " 

7  '  But  in  truth  ye  shall  die  like  men, 

'  and  fall  like  one  of  the  princes.' 

8  Arise,  O  God,  judge  the  earth  : 

for  thou  hast  an  inheritance  in  all  the  nations. 

Psalm  LXXXHI. 

1  O  God,  hold  thee  not  still : 

keep  not  silence,  and  take  no  rest,  O  God. 

2  For,  lo,  thine  enemies  are  in  tumult ; 

and  they  that  hate  thee  have  lift  up  the  head. 

3  They  hold  crafty  discourse  against  thy  people, 

and  take  counsel  against  thy  treasured  ones  ^ 

4  They  have  said,  '  Come,  and  let  us  cut  them  off 

from  being  a  nation  ; 
'and  so  the  name  of  Israel  shall  be  no  more 
remembered  ^' 

5  For  they  have  consulted  with  heart  together  * ; 

against  thee  do  they  make  a  covenant : 

6  The  tents  of  Edom,  and  the  Ishmaelites  ; 

Moab,  and  the  Hagrites  ^ ; 

7  Gebal ",  and  Amnion,  and  Amalek  ; 

Philistia,  with  them  that  dwell  at  Tyre  ; 

■"*  An  Arab  tribe  dwelling  on  the  East  of  Gilead  ;  cf.  i  Ch. 
V   10,  19,  20. 

^  A  tribe  living  in  the  North  of  Edom. 


246  THE   PSALMS  [day  i6 


8  Assiir  also  is  joined  with  them  :  and  have  holpen 
the  children  of  Lot. 

9  But  do  thou  to  them  as  unto  the  Madianites  : 
unto  Sisera,  and  unto  Jabin  at  the  brook  of  Kison ; 

10  Who  perished  at  Endor  :  and  became  as  the 
dung  of  the  earth. 

1 1  Make  them  and  their  princes  like  Oreb  and  Zeb  : 
yea,  make  all  their  princes  like  as  Zeba  and  Salmana ; 

12  Who  say,  Let  us  take  to  ourselves  :  the  houses 
of  God  in  possession. 

13  O  my  God,  make  them  hke  unto  a  wheel  :  and 
as  the  stubble  before  the  wind ; 

14  Like  as  the  fire  that  burneth  up  the  wood  :  and 
as  the  flame  that  consumeth  the  mountains. 

15  Persecute  them  even  so  with  thy  tempest  :  and 
make  them  afraid  with  thy  storm. 

16  Make  their  faces  ashamed,  O  Lord  :  that  they 
may  seek  thy  Name. 

17  Let  them  be  confounded  and  vexed  ever  more 
and  more  :  let  them  be  put  to  shame,  and  perish. 

18  And  they  shall  know  that  thou,  whose  Name 
is  Jehovah  :  art  only  the  most  Highest  over  all  the 
earth. 


Psalm  LXXXIV.     Qiiam  dileda  ! 

1  O  how  amiable  are  thy  dwellings  :  thou  Lord  of 
hosts ! 

2  My  soul  hath  a  desire  and  longing  to  enter  into 
the  courts  of  the  Lord  :  my  heart  and  my  flesh  rejoice 
in  the  living  God. 

3  Yea,  the  sparrow  hath  found  her  an  house,  and 
the  swallow  a  nest  where  she  may  lay  her  young  : 

*  Or,  is  exhausted.     Properly,  is  come  to  an  end,  a  forcible 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXIV  247 

8  Assyria  also  is  joined  with  them  : 

they  have  been  an  arm  to  the  children  of  Lot. 

9  Do  unto  them  as  unto  Midian  ; 

as  to  Sisera,  as  to  Jabin,  at  the  torrent  of  Kishon : 

10  Who  were  destroyed  at  En-dor, 

(and)  became  dung  for  the  ground. 

1 1  Make  their  nobles  like  Oreb  and  Zeeb, 

and  like  Zebah  and  Zalmunna  all  their  princes ; 

12  Who  have  said,  '  Let  us  possess  for  ourselves 

'  the  pastures  of  God.' 

13  O  my  God,  make  them  like  the  whirling  dust, 

like  stubble  before  the  wind. 

14  As  the  fire  that  burneth  a  forest, 

and  as   the   flame  that  setteth  the  mountains 
ablaze  ; 

15  So  pursue  them  with  thy  whirlwind, 

and  dismay  them  with  thy  storm. 

16  Fill  their  faces  with  ignominy, 

that  they  may  seek  thy  name,  Jehovah. 

17  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  dismayed  for  ever ; 

yea,  let  them  be  abashed  and  perish  : 

18  That  they  may  know  that  thou  alone,  whose  name 

is  Jehovah, 
art  most  high  above  all  the  earth. 

Psalm  LXXXIV. 

1  How  dear  are  thy  dwelling-places, 

Jehovah  of  hosts  ! 

2  My  soul  yearneth,  yea,  even  faileth  ^  (with  longing) 

for  the  courts  of  Jehovah  : 
my  heart  and  my  flesh  ring  out  their  joy  unto 
the  living  God. 

3  Yea,  the  sparrow  findeth  an  house, 

and  the  swallow  a  nest  for  herself,  where  she 
layeth  her  young, 

figure,  used  to  express  a  keen  longing;  cf.  Ps.  cxix.  81,  82, 123. 


248  THE   PSALMS  [day  i6 

even  thy  altars,  O  Lord  of  hosts,  my  King  and  my 
God. 

4  Blessed  are  they  that  dwell  in  thy  house  :  they 
will  be  ahvay  praising  thee. 

5  Blessed  is  the  man  whose  strength  is  in  thee  :  in 
whose  heart  are  thy  ways. 

6  Who  going  through  the  vale  of  misery  use  it  for 
a  well  :  and  the  pools  are  filled  with  water. 

7  They  will  go  from  strength  to  strength  :  and  unto 
the  God  of  gods  appeareth  every  one  of  them  in  Sion. 

8  O  Lord  God  of  hosts,  hear  my  prayer  :  hearken, 
O  God  of  Jacob. 

9  Behold,  O  God  our  defender  :  and  look  upon  the 
face  of  thine  Anointed. 

10  For  one  day  in  thy  courts  :  is  better  than  a 
thousand. 

Ill  had  rather  be  a  door-keeper  in  the  house  of 
my  God  :  than  to  dwell  in  the  tents  of  ungodliness. 

12  For  the  Lord  God  is  a  light  and  defence  :  the 
Lord  will  give  grace  and  worship,  and  no  good  thing 
shall  he  withhold  from  them  that  live  a  godly  life. 

13  O  Lord  God  of  hosts  :  blessed  is  the  man  that 
putteth  his  trust  in  thee. 

Psalm  LXXXV.     Benedixisti,  Domine. 

I  Lord,  thou  art  become  gracious  unto  thy  land  : 
thou  hast  turned  away  the  captivity  of  Jacob. 


■  ^  Or,  the  balsam  vale  (with  a  play  on  ti^khi,  'weeping'). 
Balsam-trees  love  a  dry  soil :  it  seems,  therefore,  that  the  vale 
of  Baca  was  some  dry,  cheerless  valley,  through  which  the 
pilgrims  passed  on  the  way  to  Jerusalem  ;  their  faith,  how- 
ever, made  it  seem  to  them  a  place  of  springs,  and  richly 
blessed  by  showers  from  above. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXXV  249 

even  thy  altars,  Jehovah  of  hosts, 
my  King,  and  my  God. 

4  Happy  are  they  that  dwell  in  thy  house  : 

they  will  be  still  praising  thee. 

5  Happy  is  the  man  whose  strength  is  in  thee  ; 

in  whose  heart  are  the  highways  (to  Zion\ 

6  Passing  through  the  vale  of  Baca  '  they  make  it  a 

place  of  springs ; 
yea,  the  early  rain  ^  clotheth  it  with  blessings  : 

7  They  go  from  strength  to  strength  ; 

each  one  appeareth  unto  God  in  Zion. 

8  Jehovah,  God  of  hosts,  hear  my  prayer ; 

give  ear,  O  God  of  Jacob. 

9  Behold,  O  God  our  shield '', 

and  look  upon  the  face  of  thine  anointed. 

10  For  a  day  in  thy  courts  is  better  than  a  thousand  ; 

I  had  rather  be  at  the  threshold  in  the  house  of 

my  God, 
than  to  dwell  in  the  tents  of  wickedness. 

1 1  For  Jehovah  God  is  a  sun  and  a  shield  : 

Jehovah  giveth  graciousness  and  glory  ; 
no  good  thing  will  he  withhold  from  them  that 
walk  in  perfectness. 

1 2  Jehovah  of  hosts  ! 

happy  is  the  man  that  trustbth  in  thee. 

Psalm  LXXXV. 

I  Jehovah,  thou  hadst  become  favourable  unto  thy 
land, 
thou  hadst  turned  the  captivity  ''  of  Jacob. 

^  The  rains  falling  in  Oct.-Nov.,  which  fitted  the  soil  to 
receive  the  seed.  The  '  latter  rain  '  (Deut.  xi.  14,  &c.)  was 
the  showers  of  April-May,  which  advanced  and  strengthened 
the  ripening  crops. 

'   Or,  Behold  otir  shield,  O  God. 

*  Or,  turned  the  fortune. 


250  THE  PSALMS  [daY  17 

2  Thou  hast  forgiven  the  offence  of  thy  people  : 
and  covered  all  their  sins. 

3  Thou  hast  taken  away  all  thy  displeasure  :  and 
turned  thyself  from  thy  wrathful  indignation. 

4  Turn  us  then,  O  God  our  Saviour  :  and  let  thine 
anger  cease  from  us. 

5  Wilt  thou  be  displeased  at  us  for  ever  :  and  wilt  thou 
stretch  out  thy  wrath  from  one  generation  to  another  ? 

6  Wilt  thou  not  turn  again,  and  quicken  us  :  that 
thy  people  may  rejoice  in  thee  ? 

7  Shew  us  thy  mercy,  O  Lord  :  and  grant  us  thy 
salvation. 

8  I  will  hearken  what  the  Lord  God  will  say 
(concerning  me)  :  for  he  shall  speak  peace  unto  his 
people,  and  to  his  saints,  that  they  turn  not  again. 

9  For  his  salvation  is  nigh  them  that  fear  him  : 
that  glory  may  dwell  in  our  land. 

10  Mercy  and  truth  are  met  together  :  righteous- 
ness and  peace  have  kissed  each  other. 

11  Truth  shall  flourish  out  of  the  earth  :  and 
righteousness  hath  looked  down  from  heaven. 

1 2  Yea,  the  Lord  shall  shew  loving-kindness  :  and 
our  land  shall  give  her  increase. 

13  Righteousness  shall  go  before  him  :  and  he 
shall  direct  his  going  in  the  way. 

MORNING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  LXXXVL     Inclina,  Doinine. 
I  Bow  down  thine  ear,  O  Lord,  and  hear  me  :  for 
I  am  poor,  and  in  misery. 

'  Read  probably  (on  grammatical  grounds),  turned  back  (Ps. 
Ixxviii.  38). 

2  Or,  unto  folly  (of.  xlix.  13). 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXXVI  25I 


2  Thou  hadst  forgiven  the  iniquity  of  thy  people, 

thou  hadst  covered  all  their  sin. 

3  Thou  hadst  gathered  in  all  thy  rage, 

thou  hadst  turned  (thyself)  from  ^  the  heat  of 


thine  anger. 


4  Restore  us,  O  God  of  our  salvation, 

and  break  off  thy  vexation  toward  us. 

5  Wilt  thou  be  angry  with  us  for  ever  ? 

wilt  thou  continue  thine  anger  to  all  generations? 

6  Wilt  not  iliou  turn,  and  quicken  us  : 

that  thy  people  may  be  glad  in  thee  ? 

7  Cause  us  to  see  thy  kindness,  Jehovah, 

and  grant  us  thy  salvation. 

8  I  will  hear  what  God,  Jehovah,  will  speak : 

for  he  will  speak  peace  unto  his  people,  and  to 

his  godly  ones ; 
but  let  them  not  turn  backunto  (self-;Confidence^ 

9  Surely  his  salvation  is  nigh  them  that  fear  him  3 

that  glory  may  dwell  in  our  land. 

10  Kindness  and  truth  are  met  together ; 

righteousness  and  peace  have  kissed  each  other. 

1 1  Truth  springeth  out  of  the  earth  ; 

and  righteousness  hath  looked  out  from  heaven. 

12  Yea,  Jehovah  shall  give  that  which  is  good  ; 

and  our  land  shall  yield  her  increase. 

13  Righteousness  shall  go  before  him; 

and  shall  make  his  footsteps  a  way  ^. 


Psalm  LXXXVI. 

I  Incline  thine  ear,  Jehovah,  (and)  answer  me  ; 
for  I  am  poor  and  needy. 


3   Viz.  for  His  people  to  follow.     The  meaning  of  the  line  is 
not,  however,  quite  certain. 


252  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  1 7 

2  Preserve  thou  my  soul,  for  I  am  holy  :  my  God, 
save  thy  servant  that  putteth  his  trust  in  thee. 

3  Be  merciful  unto  me,  O  Lord  :  for  I  will  call 
daily  upon  thee. 

4  Comfort  the  soul  of  thy  servant  :  for  unto  thee, 
O  Lord,  do  I  lift  up  my  soul. 

5  For  thou.  Lord,  art  good  and  gracious  :  and  of 
great  mercy  unto  all  them  that  call  upon  thee. 

6  Give  ear.  Lord,  unto  my  prayer  :  and  ponder  the 
voice  of  my  humble  desires. 

7  In  the  time  of  my  trouble  I  will  call  upon  thee  : 
for  thou  hearest  me. 

8  Among  the  gods  there  is  none  like  unto  thee, 
O  Lord  :  there  is  not  one  that  can  do  as  thou  doest. 

9  All  nations  whom  thou  hast  made  shall  come 
and  worship  thee,  O  Lord  :  and  shall  glorify  thy 
Name. 

10  For  thou  art  great,  and  doest  wondrous  things  : 
thou  art  God  alone. 

11  Teach  me  thy  way,  O  Lord,  and  I  will  walk  in 
thy  truth  :  O  knit  my  heart  unto  thee,  that  I  may  fear 
thy  Name. 

12  I  will  thank  thee,  O  Lord  my  God,  with  all  my 
heart  :  and  will  praise  thy  Name  for  evermore; 

13  For  great  is  thy  mercy  toward  me  :  and  thou 
hast  delivered  my  soul  from  the  nethermost  hell. 

14  O  God,  the  proud  are  risen  against  me  :  and 
the  congregations  of  naughty  men  have  sought  after 
my  soul,  and  have  not  set  thee  before  their  eyes. 


'  i.  e.  my  affections.     Cf.  on  xxv.  i. 

"  ».  e.  concentrate  its  energies.     But  Sept.,  Syr.,  with  other 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXVI  253 

2  Keep  my  soul,  for  I  am  godly  ; 

save  thy  servant,  O  thou  my  God,  who  trusteth 
in  thee. 

3  Be  gracious  unto  me,  O  Lord ; 

for  unto  thee  do  I  call  all  the  day. 

4  Make  glad  the  soul  of  thy  servant ; 

for  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  do  I  lift  up  my  soul  ^ 

5  For  thou,  Lord,  art  good,  and  ready  to  pardon, 

and  abundant  in  kindness  unto  all  them  that 
call  upon  thee. 

6  Give  ear,  Jehovah,  unto  my  prayer ; 

and  attend  unto  the  voice  of  my  supplications. 

7  In  the  day  of  my  trouble  I  call  unto  thee  \ 

for  thou  wilt  answer  me. 

8  There  is  none  like  thee  among  the  gods,  O  Lord ; 

and  there  are  none  like  thy  works. 

9  All  nations  whom  thou  hast  made  shall  come  and 

worship  before  thee,  O  Lord, 
and  shall  glorify  thy  name. 

10  For  thou  art  great,  and  doest  wondrous  things  : 

thou  art  God  alone. 

1 1  Instruct  me,  Jehovah,  in  thy  way,  (and)  I  will  walk 

in  thy  truth  : 
unite  my  heart  ^  to  fear  thy  name. 

12  I  will  thank  thee,  O  Lord  my  God,  with  all  my 

heart ; 
and  I  will  glorify  thy  name  for  evermore. 

13  For  great  is  thy  kindness  upon '^  me; 

and  thou  hast  delivered  my  soul  from  the  nether 
Sheol  *. 


14  O  God,  the  proud  are  risen  up  against  me, 
and   the    congregation   of    terrible   me 

sought  my  soul  (life), 
and  have  not  set  thee  before  their  eyes  ^ 


vowels,  have,  let  my  heart  rejoice.  ^  Cf.  ciii.  17. 

^  Cf.  Ixxxviii.  6.  '  With  this  verse,  cf.  Ps.  liv.  3. 


254  THE   PSALMS  [day  I7 

15  But  thou,  O  Lord  God,  art  full  of  compassion 
and  mercy  :  long-suffering,  plenteous  in  goodness  and 
truth. 

16  O  turn  thee  then  unto  me,  and  have  mercy 
upon  me  :  give  thy  strength  unto  thy  servant,  and 
help  the  son  of  thine  handmaid. 

17  Shew  some  token  upon  me  for  good,  that  they 
who  hate  me  may  see  it,  and  be  ashamed  :  because 
thou.  Lord,  hast  holpen  me,  and  comforted  me. 


Psalm  LXXXVII.     Fundanienta  ejus. 

I  Her  foundations  are  upon  the  holy  hills  :  the 
Lord  loveth  the  gates  of  Sion  more  than  all  the 
dwellings  of  Jacob. 

•  2  Very  excellent  things  are  spoken  of  thee  :  thou 
city  of  God. 

3  I  will  think  upon  Rahab  and  Babylon  :  with  them 
that  know  me. 

4  Behold  ye  the  Philistines  also  :  and  they  of  Tyre, 
with  the  Morians  ' ;  lo,  there  was  he  born. 

5  And  of  Sion  it  shall  be  reported  that  he  was  born 
in  her  :  and  the  most  High  shall  stablish  her. 

6  The  Lord  shall  rehearse  it  when  he  writeth  up 
the  people  :  that  he  was  born  there. 


^  See  the  note  on  Ps.  Ixviii.  31. 

*  Cf.  Ex.  xxxiv.  6. 

*  i.  e.  some  evidence  of  Thy  favour  towards  me. 

*  Or,  perhaps  (though  the  existing  verse-division  is  as  old  as 
the  Sept.), — 

His  foundation  upon  the  holy  mountains  Jehovah  loveth, 
{even)  the  gates  of  Zion  more  than  all  the  dwellings  of  Jacob. 

*  A  poetical  title  of  Egypt  (signifying  boastfulness ;  see  Is. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXVII  255 

15  But  thou,  O  Lord,  art  a  God  full  of  compassion, 

and  gracious, 
slow  to  anger,  and  abundant  in  kindness  and 
truth  ^ 

1 6  O  turn  thee  towards  me,  and  be  gracious  unto  me ; 

give  thy  strength  unto  thy  servant,  and  save  the 
son  of  thine  handmaid. 

1 7  Work  with  me  a  sign  ^  for  good ; 

that  they  who  hate  me  may  see  it,  and  be  put 

to  shame^ 
because  thou,  Jehovah,  hast  holpen  me,  and 

comforted  me. 


Psalm  LXXXVII. 

1  His  foundation  is  upon  the  holy  mountains. 

2  Jehovah  loveth  the  gates  of  Zion 

more  than  all  the  dwellings  of  Jacob  *. 

3  Glorious  things  are  spoken  of  thee, 

O  city  of  God  : 

4  '  I  will  make  mention  of  Rahab  ^  and  Babylon  as 

them  that  know  me  : 
*  behold  Philistia,  and  Tyre,  with  Ethiopia  " — 
'this  one'^  was  born  there ^' 

5  And  of  Zion  it  shall  be  said,  '  Each  and  every  one 

was  born  in  her; 
'and  he,  the  Most  High,  shall  establish  her.' 

6  Jehovah   will    count,   when    he   writeth    up   the 

peoples,  (saying,) 
'  This  one  was  born  there  °.' 

XXX.  7).  ^  Heb.  ChsIi.     Cf.  Ps.  Ixviii.  31. 

'  i.  e.  this  individual  of  the  nations  just  named. 

'  God  declares  his  intention  of  including  the  various  nations 
of  the  earth  amongst  those  who  own  Him,  and  of  reckoning 
their  members  as  full-born  citizens  of  Zion. 

8  Jehovah,  when  He  registers  the  peoples  in  His  census- 
book,  will  count  this  and  that  individual  among  them  as 
belonging  to  the  commonwealth  of  Zion. 


256  THE  PSALMS  [day  1 7 


7  The  singers  also  and  trumpeters  shall  he  re- 
hearse :  All  my  fresh  springs  shall  be  in  thee. 

Psalm  LXXXVIII.     Domine  Deus. 

1  O  Lord  God  of  my  salvation,  I  have  cried  day 
and  night  before  thee  :  O  let  my  prayer  enter  into 
thy  presence,  incline  thine  ear  unto  my  calling. 

2  For  my  soul  is  full  of  trouble  :  and  my  life 
draweth  nigh  unto  hell. 

3  I  am  counted  as  one  of  them  that  go  down  into 
the  pit  :  and  I  have  been  even  as  a  man  that  hath  no 
strength. 

4  Free  among  the  dead,  like  unto  them  that  are 
wounded,  and  lie  in  the  grave  :  who  are  out  of 
remembrance,  and  are  cut  away  from  thy  hand. 


5  Thou  hast  laid  me  in  the  lowest  pit  :  in  a  place 
of  darkness,  and  in  the  deep. 

6  Thine  indignation  lieth  hard  upon  me  :  and  thou 
hast  vexed  me  with  all  thy  storms. 

7  Thou  hast  put  away  mine  acquaintance  far  from 
me  :  and  made  me  to  be  abhorred  of  them. 

8  I  am  so  fast  in  prison  :  that  I  cannot  get  forth. 

9  My  sight  faileth  for  very  trouble  :  Lord,  I  have 
called  daily  upon  thee,  I  have  stretched  forth  my 
hands  unto  thee. 

10  Dost  thou  shew  wonders  among  the  dead  :  or 
shall  the  dead  rise  up  again,  and  praise  thee  ? 

^  In  a  festal  procession,  the  newly-made  citizens  own  Zion 
as  the  source  and  spring  of  their  spiritual  joy.    But  the  rendering 
of  the  verse  is  not  certain  ;  and  tlie  text  may  be  in  error. 
^  Read,  probably,  with  very  slight  changes, — 
Jehovah,  my  God,  I  cry  for  help  by  day, 

{and)  in  the  night  my  calling  is  before  thee. 
~  Cf.  xxii.  19. 
■•  Read,  perhaps  (with  a  change  of  one  letter).  My  soul  is 


BOOK  in]  PSALM  LXXXVIII  257 

7  And  the  singers  like  the  dancers  (shall  say), 
'All  my  fountains  are  in  thee '.' 

Psalm  LXXXVIII. 

1  Jehovah,  God  of  my  salvation, 

in  the  day  that  I  call  in  the  night  before  thee'', 

2  Let  my  prayer  enter  in  before  thee  ; 

incline  thine  ear  unto  my  ringing  cry. 

3  For  my  soul  is  sated  with  evils  ; 

and  my  life  draweth  nigh  unto  Sheol. 

4  I  am  counted  with  them  that  go  down  into  the 

pit; 
I  am  become  as  a  man  that  hath  no  succour    : 

5  Free  *  among  the  dead, 

like  the  slain  that  lie  in  the  grave, 
whom  thou  rememberest  no  more, 
seeing  they  are  cut  away  from  thy  hand. 

6  Thou  hast  laid  me  in  the  nether  pit  ^ 

in  dark  places,  in  the  gulfs. 

7  Thy  fury  presseth  upon  me  ; 

and  thou  hast  afflicted  (me)  with  all  thy  billows. 

8  Thou  hast  put  my  familiar  friends  far  from  me ; 

thou  hast  made  me  an  abomination  unto  them  : 
I  am  shut  up,  and  I  cannot  come  forth. 

9  Mine  eye  pineth  away  ^  by  reason  of  affliction  ; 

I  have  called  upon  thee,  O  Jehovah,  every  day, 
I  have  spread  out  my  hands  unto  thee. 
10  Wilt  thou  do  wonders  for  the  dead? 

or  shall  the  shades''  arise  and  give  thee  thanks^  ? 

among  the  dead  (cf.  Ixxxvi.  13). 

5  i.  e.  in  Sheol  (Ixxxvi.  13),  fig.  for  a  situation   of  extreme 

suffering    and    danger.     In    Lam.  iii.  55,    the    same    Heb.    is 

rendered  in  R.V.  the  loivcst  dungeon. 

«  Cf.  Lev.  xxvi.  16,  Deut.  xxviii,  65  ('  pining  of  soul  '\ 

'  Heb.  Rephaim  ;  cf  Is.  xiv.  9,  xxvi.  14  ('  the  dead  live  not, 

the  shades  arise  not').  *  Cf  Ps.  vi.  5,  Is.  xxxviii.  18. 

S 


258  THE  PSALMS  [day  1 7 

Ti  Shall  thy  loving-kindness  be  shewed  in  the 
grave  :  or  thy  faithfulness  in  destruction  ? 

12  Shall  thy  wondrous  works  be  known  in  the 
dark  :  and  thy  righteousness  in  the  land  where  all 
things  are  forgotten  ? 

13  Unto  thee  have  I  cried,  O  Lord  :  and  early 
shall  my  prayer  come  before  thee. 

14  Lord,  why  abhorrest  thou  my  soul  :  and  hidest 
thou  thy  face  from  me  ? 

15  I  am  in  misery,  and  like  unto  him  that  is  at  the 
point  to  die  :  even  from  my  youth  up  thy  terrors  have 
I  suffered  with  a  troubled  mind. 

16  Thy  wrathful  displeasure  goeth  over  me  :  and 
the  fear  of  thee  hath  undone  me. 

17  They  came  round  about  me  daily  like  water  : 
and  compassed  me  together  on  every  side. 

18  My  lovers  and  friends  hast  thou  put  away  from 
me  :  and  hid  mine  acquaintance  out  of  my  sight. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  LXXXIX.     Misericordias  Domini. 

1  My  song  shall  be  alway  of  the  loving-kindness  of 
the  Lord  :  with  my  mouth  will  I  ever  be  shewing  thy 
truth  from  one  generation  to  another. 

2  For  I  have  said,  Mercy  shall  be  set  up  for  ever  : 
thy  truth  shalt  thou  stablish  in  the  heavens. 


^  i.e.  Destruction,  a  name  of  the  Underworld  (Job  xxvi.  6, 
xxviii.  22,  xxxi.  12,  Prov.  xv.  11,  xxvii.  20. 

^  The  meaning  of  the  Hebrew  word  which  stands  here  is 
unknown.  Read  perhaps,  changing  one  letter,  {and)  am 
benumbed  (xxxviii.  8),  i.  e.  am  paralyzed  and  helpless,  through 
the  weight  of  calamity. 

^  The  word  usually  rendered  '  exterminate.' 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXIX  259 

11  Shall  thy  kindness  be  told  in  the  grave? 

thy  faithfulness  in  Abaddon  ^  ? 

12  Shall  thy  wonders  be  known  in  the  dark? 

and  thy  righteousness  in  the  land  of  forgetful- 
ness  ? 

13  But  as  for  me,  unto  thee,  Jehovah,  do  I  cry  for  help, 

and  in  the  morning  doth  my  prayer  come  to 
meet  thee. 

14  Why,  Jehovah,  castest  thou  off  my  soul, 

(and)  hidest  thou  thy  face  from  me  ? 

15  I  have  been  afflicted,  and  at  the  point  to  die,  from 

my  youth  up  ; 
I  have  borne  thy  terrors,  (and)  am ^ 

16  Thy  hot  displeasures  have  gone  over  me; 

thy  dread  alarms  have  undone"  me. 

17  They  have  come  round  about  me  like  water  all 

the  day  ; 
they  have  encircled  me  together. 

18  Lover  and  companion  hast  thou  put  far  from  me; 

my  familiar  friends  axe  darkness  *, 


Psalm  LXXXIX. 

1  Of  Jehovah's  kindnesses  will  I  sing  for  ever : 

to  all  generations  will  I  make  known  thy  faith- 
fulness with  my  mouth. 

2  For  I  have  said,  '  For  ever  shall  kindness  be  built  up ; 

'  in  the  heavens  shalt  thou  establish  thy  faith- 
fulness ^' 

*  i.  e.  darkness  takes  the  place  of  friends.     Cf.  Job  xvii.  14. 
'  Read  perhaps, 

For  thou  satdst  (so  Sept.) ,  ^Forever  shall  kindness  be  built  up, 
'  in  the  heavens  shall  my  faithfulness  be  established : 
Sept.   has  also,  shall  be  established.     The  words  of  God  will 
then  begin  in  v.  2,  instead  of  in  v.  3,  as  they  do  at  present. 

S  2 


26o  THE   PSALMS  [daY  1 7 

3  I  have  made  a  covenant  with  my  chosen  :  I  have 
sworn  unto  David  my  servant ; 

4  Thy  seed  will  I  stablish  for  ever  :  and  set  up  thy 
throne  from  one  generation  to  another. 

5  O  Lord,  the  very  heavens  shall  praise  thy 
wondrous  works  :  and  thy  truth  in  the  congregation 
of  the  saints. 

6  For  who  is  he  among  the  clouds  :  that  shall  be 
compared  unto  the  Lord  ? 

,    7  And  what  is  he  among  the  gods  :  that  shall  be 
like  unto  the  Lord  ? 

8  God  is  very  greatly  to  be  feared  in  the  council  of 
the  saints  :  and  to  be  had  in  reverence  of  all  them 
that  are  round  about  him. 

9  O  Lord  God  of  hosts,  who  is  hke  unto  thee  :  thy 
truth,  most  mighty  Lord,  is  on  every  side. 

10  Thou  rulest  the  raging  of  the  sea  :  thou  stillest 
the  waves  thereof  when  they  arise. 

11  Thou  hast  subdued  Egypt,  and  destroyed  it  : 
thou  hast  scattered  thine  enemies  abroad  with  thy 
mighty  arm. 

12  The  heavens  are  thine,  the  earth  also  is  thine  : 
thou  hast  laid  the  foundation  of  the  round  world,  and 
all  that  therein  is. 

13  Thou  hast  made  the  north  and  the  south  : 
Tabor  and  Hermon  shall  rejoice  in  thy  Name. 

14  Thou  hast  a  mighty  arm  :  strong  is  thy  hand, 
and  high  is  thy  right  hand. 

15  Righteousness  and  equity  are  the  habitation  of 
thy  seat  :  mercy  and  truth  shall  go  before  thy  face. 

'  /.  e.  the  angels  ;  cf.  Job  v.  i,  xv.  15.     So  v.  7. 
^  Cf.  Ps.  xxix.  r. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXIX  26 1 

3  '  I  have  made  a  covenant  with  my  chosen  one, 

'  I  have  sworn  unto  David  my  servant : 

4  '  For  ever  will  I  establish  thy  seed, 

'  and  I  will  build  up  thy  throne  to  all  genera- 
tions.' 

5  And  the  heavens  celebrate  thy  wonders,  Jehovah, 

yea,  thy  faithfulness  in  the  assembly  of  the  holy 
ones  \ 

6  For  who   in   the   skies   can   be   compared   unto 

Jehovah, 
or  be  like  unto  Jehovah  among  the  sons  of  the 
gods  ^  ? 

7  A  God  greatly  to  be  dreaded  in  the  council  of  the 

holy  ones^, 
and   terrible   above   all   them  that  are  round 
about  him. 

8  Jehovah,  God  of  hosts, 

who  is  potent  hke  thee,  O  Jah  ? 

and  thy  faithfulness  is  round  about  thee. 

9  Thou  rulest  the  proud  swelling  of  the  sea ; 

when  the  waves  thereof  arise,  thou  stillest  them. 

10  Thou  didst  crush  Rahab  *,  as  one  that  is  slain  ; 

thou  didst  scatter  thine  enemies  with  the  arm 
of  thy  strength. 

1 1  The  heavens  are  thine,  the  earth  also  is  thine : 

the  world  and  the  fulness   thereof,  thou  hast 
founded  them. 

12  The  north  and  the  south,  thou  hast  created  them  : 

Tabor  and  Hermon  ring  out  their  joy  at   thy 
name. 

1 3  Thou  hast  an  arm  with  might ; 

strong  is  thy  hand,  (and)  high  is  thy  right  hand. 

14  Righteousness  and  judgement  are  the  foundation 

of  thy  throne ; 
kindness  and  faithfulness  come  to  meet  thy  face. 

^  Cf.  Job  XV.  8,  R.V.  marg.^  Jer.  xxiii.  18. 

*  i.  e.  Egypt.     Cf.  Is.  li.  9 ;  and  see  the  note  on  Ixxxvii.  4. 


262  THE   PSALMS  [day  17 

16  Blessed  is  the  people,  O  Lord,  that  can  rejoice 
in  thee  :  they  shall  walk  in  the  light  of  thy  counte- 
nance. 

17  Their  delight  shall  be  daily  in  thy  Name  :  and 
in  thy  righteousness  shall  they  make  their  boast. 

18  For  thou  art  the  glory  of  their  strength  :  and  in 
thy  loving-kindness  thou  shalt  lift  up  our  horns, 

19  For  the  Lord  is  our  defence  :  the  Holy  One  of 
Israel  is  our  King. 

20  Thou  spakest  sometime  in  visions  unto  thy 
saints,  and  saidst  :  I  have  laid  help  upon  one  that  is 
mighty ;  I  have  exalted  one  chosen  out  of  the  people. 

21  I  have  found  David  my  servant  :  with  my  holy 
oil  I  have  anointed  him. 

22  My  hand  shall  hold  him  fast  :  and  my  arm  shall 
strengthen  him. 

23  The  enemy  shall  not  be  able  to  do  him  violence  : 
the  son  of  wickedness  shall  not  hurt  him. 

24  I  will  smite  down  his  foes  before  his  face  :  and 
plague  them  that  hate  him. 

25  My  truth  also  and  my  mercy  shall  be  with  him  : 
and  in  my  Name  shall  his  horn  be  exalted. 

26  I  will  set  his  dominion  also  in  the  sea  :  and  his 
right  hand  in  the  floods. 

27  He  shall  call  me,  Thou  art  my  Father  :  my 
God,  and  my  strong  salvation. 

^  The  shout  with  which  many  rehgious  festivities  were 
celebrated  ;  cf.  Ps.  xxvii.  6,  xxxiii.  3,  Ixxxi.  i,  xcv.  i,  2,  2  Ch. 
XV.  14. 

2  So  Heb.  text,  Jer.  (with  horn).  Heb.  marg.,  our  horns 
are  exalted;  Sept.,  Syr.,  Targ.,  Vulg.,  our  horn  is  exalted 
(Jiorn  is  read  also  by  many  Heb.  MSS.  and  edd.). 

^  The  recognized  Heb.  text,  and  the  Ancient  Versions,  have 
the  plural ;  but  some  MSS.  and  editions  have,  thy  godly  one. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM  LXXXIX  263 


15  Happy  are  the  people  that  know  the  (sacred)  shout  ^ : 

they  walk,  O  Jehovah,  in  the  light  of  thy  coun- 
tenance. 

16  In  thy  name  do  they  rejoice  all  the  day  ; 

and  through  thy  righteousness  are  they  exalted. 

1 7  For  thou  art  the  glory  of  their  strength  ;    ^ 

and  in  thy  favour  thou  hftest  up  our  horns  ^ 

18  For  our  shield  belongeth  unto  Jehovah; 

and  our  king  to  the  Holy  One  of  Israel. 

19  Then  thou  spakest  in  vision  unto  thy  godly  ones^, 

and  saidst,  '  I  have  laid  help  upon  one  that  is 

mighty " ; 
'  I  have  exalted  one  chosen  out  of  the  people. 

20  'I  have  found  David  my  servant ; 

'  with  my  holy  oil  I  have  anointed  him : 

2 1  '  With  whom  my  hand  shall  be  established ; 

'  yea,  my  arm  shall  strengthen  him. 
2  2   'The  enemy  shall  not  come  treacherously  upon  him ; 
'  and  the  son  of  unrighteousness  shall  not  afflict 
him^ 

23  'And  I  will  beat  to  pieces  his  adversaries  from 

before  him, 
'and  smite  them  that  hate  him. 

24  'But  my  faithfulness  and  my  kindness  shall  be 

with  him ; 
'  and  through  my  name  shall  his  horn  be  exalted. 

25  'I  will  set  his  hand  also  on  the  sea, 

'  and  his  right  hand  on  the  rivers  ^. 

26  'He  shall  call  me,  (saying,)  "Thou  art  my  father, 

'  "  my  God,  and  the  rock  of  my  salvation  '." 

*  i.  e.  a  warrior  (xix.  5). 

^  See  2  Sam.  vii.  10.  Vv.  19-37  of  this  Psalm  are  a  poetical 
amplification  of  the  prophecy  of  Nathan,  2  Sam.  vii.  5-17,  on 
the  non-fulfilment  of  which  the  Psalmist  afterwards  [yv.  38-51) 
expostulates  with  Jehovah. 

•^  A  poetical  generalization  of  the  'River'  {i.e.  the  Euphra- 
tes) ;  cf.  Ex.  xxiii.  31,  and  Ps.  Ixxii.  8.  ^ 

'  See  2  Sam.  vii.  14.  , 


264  THE  PSALMS  [day  1 7 

28  And  I  will  make  him  my  first-born  :  higher  than 
the  kings  of  the  earth. 

29  My  mercy  will  I  keep  for  him  for  evermore  :  and 
my  covenant  shall  stand  fast  with  him. 

30  His  seed  also  will  I  make  to  endure  for  ever  : 
and  his  throne  as  the  days  of  heaven. 

31  But  if  his  children  forsake  my  law  :  and  walk 
not  in  my  judgements  ; 

32  If  they  break  my  statutes,  and  keep  not  my 
commandments  :  I  will  visit  their  offences  with  the 
rod,  and  their  sin  with  scourges. 

33  Nevertheless,  my  loving-kindness  will  I  not 
utterly  take  from  him  :  nor  suffer  my  truth  to  fail. 

34  My  covenant  will  I  not  break,  nor  alter  the 
thing  that  is  gone  out  of  my  lips  :  I  have  sworn  once 
by  my  holiness,  that  I  will  not  fail  David. 

35  His  seed  shall  endure  for  ever  :  and  his  seat  is 
like  as  the  sun  before  me. 

36  He  shall  stand  fast  for  evermore  as  the  moon  : 
and  as  the  faithful  witness  in  heaven. 

37  But  thou  hast  abhorred  and  forsaken  thine 
Anointed  :  and  art  displeased  at  him. 

38  Thou  hast  broken  the  covenant  of  thy  servant  : 
and  cast  his  crown  to  the  ground. 

39  Thou  hast  overthrown  all  his  hedges  :  and 
broken  down  his  strong  holds. 

40  All  they  that  go  by  spoil  him  :  and  he  is  become 
a  reproach  to  his  neighbours. 

41  Thou  hast  set  up  the  right  hand  of  his  enemies  : 
and  made  all  his  adversaries  to  rejoice. 

42  Thou  hast  taken,  away  the  edge  of  his  sword  : 
and  givest  him  not  victory  in  the  battle. 

'  Or,  be  made  sure  (2  Sam.  vii.  n). 

2  Or,  changing  a  letter,  lake  away  (i  Ch.  xvii.  13). 

3  With  vv.  30-33,  cf.  2  Sam.  vii.  14,  15. 


BOOK  III]  PSALM   LXXXIX  265 


27  '/also  will  make  him  (my)  first-born, 

'  high  above  the  kings  of  the  earth. 

28  '  For  ever  will  I  keep  for  him  my  kindness, 

'  and  my  covenant  shall  stand  faithful  ^  to  him. 

29  '  His  seed  also  I  will  appoint  for  ever, 

*  and  his  throne  as  the  days  of  heaven. 

30  '  If  his  children  forsake  my  law, 

'  and  walk  not  in  my  ordinances  ; 

31  'If  they  profane  my  statutes, 

'  and  keep  not  my  commandments  ; 

32  '  I  will  visit  their  transgression  with  the  rod, 

'  and  their  iniquity  with  strokes  : 
2tZ  '  But  my  kindness  I  will  not  break  off  ^  from  him, 
'  nor  will  I  belie  my  faithfulness  ^ : 

34  '  My  covenant  will  I  not  profane, 

'  nor  alter  the  thing  that  is  gone  out  of  my  lips. 

35  '  Once*  have  I  sworn  by  my  holiness  : 

'  "  Surely  I  will  not  be  false  unto  David : 

36  '  "  His  seed  shall  endure  for  ever, 

'  "  and  his  throne  as  the  sun  before  me  : 

37  '  "  It  shall  be  established  for  ever  as  the  moon ; 

'  "  and  the  witness  in  the  sky  ^  is  faithful ! " ' 

38  But  f/zot(  hast  cast  off  and  rejected, 

thou  hast  been  enraged  with  thine  anointed. 

39  Thou  hast  spurned  the  covenant  of  thy  servant ; 

thou  hast  profaned  his  crown  even  to  the  ground. 

40  Thou  hast  broken  down  all  his  fences ; 

thou  hast  made  his  fortresses  a  ruin. 

41  All  they  that  pass  by  the  way  spoil  him  : 

he  is  become  a  reproach  to  his  neighbours. 

42  Thou  hast  exalted  the  right  hand  of  his  adversaries; 

thou  hast  made  all  his  enemies  to  rejoice. 

43  Yea,  thou  turnest  back  the  edge  of  his  sword, 

and  hast  not  granted  him  to  stand  ^  in  the  battle. 

*  Or,  One  thing  {viz.  the  promise,  v.  36). 
^  i.  e.  God  Himself. 
*■  Cf.  Josh.  vii.  12,  13. 


266  \he  psalms  [day  i8 

■  "1    

43  Thou  hast  put  oiit  his  glory  :  and  cast  his 
throne  down  to  the  ground. 

44  The  days  of  his  youth  hast  thou  shortened  :  and 
covered  him  with  dishonour. 

45  Lord,  how  long  wilt  thou  hide  thyself,  for  ever  : 
and  shall  thy  wrath  burn  like  fire  ? 

46  O  remember  how  short  my  time  is  :  wherefore 
hast  thou  made  all  men  for  nought  ? 

47  What  man  is  he  that  liveth,  and  shall  not  see 
death  :  and  shall  he  deliver  his  soul  from  the  hand  of 
hell? 

48  Lord,  where  are  thy  old  loving-kindnesses  :  which 
thou  swarest  unto  David  in  thy  truth  ? 

49  Remember,  Lord,  the  rebuke  that  thy  servants 
have  :  and  how  I  do  bear  in  my  bosom  the  rebukes  of 
many  people ; 

50  Wherewith  thine  enemies  have  blasphemed  thee, 
and  slandered  the  lootsteps  of  thine  Anointed  :  Praised 
be  the  Lord  for  evermore.     Amen,  and  Amen. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XC.     JDottime,  refugium. 

\  Lord,  thou  hast  been  our  refuge  :  from  one 
generation  to  another. 

2  Before  the  mountains  were  brought  forth,  or  ever 
the  earth  and  the  world  were  made  :  thou  art  God 
from  everlasting,  and  world  without  end. 


1  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxix.  5. 

^  Read  either,  supplying  two  letters,  the  shame  (Ez.  xxxiv. 
29)  ;  or,  supplying  one  word,  all  the  reproaches  (cf.  Jer.  xv.  15). 
^  The  doxology  closing  Book  III  of  the  Psalms. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM  XC  "2.^1 


44  Thou  hast  made  his  lustre  to  cease, 

and  flung  his  throne  down  to  the  ground. 

45  The  days  of  his  youth  hast  thou  shortened  : 

thou  hast  made  him  to  put  on  shame. 

46  How  long,  Jehovah,  wilt  thou  hide  thyself  for  ever? 

(how  long)  shall  thy  fury  burn  like  fire  ^  ? 

47  O  remember  how  short  my  time  is  : 

for  what  vanity  hast  thou  created  all  the  chil- 
dren of  men  ! 

48  What  man  is  he  that  liveth  and  shall  not  see  death, 

that  shall  deliver  his  soul  from  the  hand  of  Sheol? 

49  Where  are  thy  former  kindnesses,  O  Lord, 

which  thou  swarest  unto  David  in  thy  faithfulness  ? 

50  Remember,  Lord,  the  reproach  of  thy  servants  ; 

how  I  bear  in  my  bosom  the  whole'-  of  many 
peoples ; 

51  Wherewith    thine    enemies,    Jehovah,    have    re- 

proached, 
wherewith  they  have  reproached  the  footsteps 
of  thine  anointed. 

52  Blessed  ^  be  Jehovah  for  ever. 

Amen,  and  Amen. 


BOOK  IV 

Psalm  XC. 

1  Lord,  thou  hast  been  our  habitation  * 

in  all  generations. 

2  Before  the  mountains  were  brought  forth, 

or  thou  gavest  birth  to^  the  earth  and  the  world  ^, 
from  everlasting  to  everlasting,  thou  art  God. 

*  Cf.  xci.  9.  ^  Cf.  Deut.  xxxii.  18. 

*  Sept.,  Aq.,  Symm.,  Vulg.,  Targ.,  and  some  moderns,  read 
(with  one  different  vowel),  or  the  earth  and  the  world  were 
given  birth  to. 


258  THE   PSALMS  [day  i8 

3  Thou  turnest  man  to  destruction  :  again  thou 
sayest,  Come  again,  ye  children  of  men. 

4  For  a  thousand  years  in  thy  sight  are  but  as 
yesterday  :  seeing  that  is  past  as  a  watch  in  the  night. 

5  As  soon  as  thou  scatterest  them  they  are  even  as 
a  sleep  :  and  fade  away  suddenly  like  the  grass. 

6  In  the  morning  it  is  green,  and  groweth  up  : 
but  in  the  evening  it  is  cut  down,  (dried  up,)  and 
withered. 


7  For  we  consume  away  in  thy  displeasure  :  and 
are  afraid  at  thy  wrathful  indignation. 

8  Thou  hast  set  our  misdeeds  before  thee  :  and  our 
secret  sins  in  the  light  of  thy  countenance. 

9  For  when  thou  art  angry  all  our  days  are  gone  :  we 
bring  our  years  to  an  end,  as  it  were  a  tale  that  is  told. 

10  The  days  of  our  age  are  threescore  years  and 
ten ;  and  though  men  be  so  strong  that  they  come  to 
fourscore  years  :  yet  is  their  strength  then  but  labour 
and  sorrow;  so  soon  passeth  it  away,  and  we  are 
gone. 

11  But  who  regardeth  the  power  of  thy  wrath  :  for 
even  thereafter  as  a  man  feareth,  so  is  thy  displeasure. 

12  So  teach  us  to  number  our  days  :  that  we  may 
apply  our  hearts  unto  wisdom. 

13  Turn  thee  again,  O  Lord,  at  the  last  :  and  be 
gracious  unto  thy  servants. 

14  O  satisfy  us  with  thy  mercy,  and  that  soon  ;  so 
shall  we  rejoice  and  be  glad  all  the  days  of  our  life. 


^  Lit.  that  which  is  crushed,  ^  Cf.  Ixxvii.  17  (Heb.). 

^  Or,  decline  (Jer.  vi.  4). 

*  Or,  boastfuliiess,  vain-glory  (i  John  ii.  16). 

^  Or,  disappointment,  trouble,  iinhappincss ,  which  the  word 


BOOK  iv]  PSALM  XC  269 


3  Thou  turnest  man  back  even  unto  atoms  ^ ; 

and  thou  sayest,  '  Return,  ye  children  of  men.' 

4  For  a  thousand  years  in  thy  sight 

are  as  yesterday  when  it  was  passing, 
and  a  watch  in  the  night. 

5  Thou  floodest  them  away  with  a  rain-storm  "^ ;  they 

become  a  sleep  : 
in   the   morning   (they   are)    like    grass   which 
shooteth  up  : 

6  In  the  morning  it  blossometh,  and  shooteth  up ; 

at  even  it  is  mown  down,  and  withereth. 

7  For  we  are  consumed  in  thine  anger, 

and  are  dismayed  in  thy  fury. 

8  Thou  hast  set  our  iniquities  before  thee, 

our  secret  sins  in  the  light  of  thy  countenance. 

9  For  all  our  days  vanish  away "  in  thy  wrath  : 

we  bring  our  years  to  an  end  as  a  murmur. 

10  The  days  of  our  years  are  threescore  years   and 

ten, 
and  if  (we  are)  in  full  strength  fourscore  years ; 
yet  is  their  pride  *  but  travail  and  sorrow  ® ; 
for  it  is  soon  gone,  and  we  fly  away. 

1 1  Who  knoweth  the  power  of  thine  anger, 

and  thy  wrath  according  to  the  fear  that  is  due 
unto  thee  ? 

12  So  ^  make  us  know  how  to  number  our  days, 

that  we  may  get  us  an  heart  of  wisdom, 

13  Return,  Jehovah:  how  long^? 

and  let  it  repent  thee  concerning  thy  servants. 

14  O  satisfy  us  in  the  morning  with  thy  kindness ; 

so  will  we  ring  out  our  joy  and  be  glad  all  our 
days. 


used  expresses  rather  than  '  sorrow,'  as  such.  Others  render 
here,  vanity,  or  nothitigness.  Cf.  Glossary  I,  under  '  naughti- 
ness.' 

«  Vis.  as  thy  wrath  {v.  11)  requireth.  ''  Cf.  vi.  3. 


270  THE  PSALMS  [day  18 

15  Comfort  us  again  now  after  the  time  that  thou 
hast  plagued  us  :  and  for  the  years  wherein  we  have 
suffered  adversity. 

16  Shew  thy  servants  thy  work  :  and  their  children 
thy  glory. 

1 7  And  the  glorious  Majesty  of  the  Lord  our  God 
be  upon  us  :  prosper  thou  the  work  of  our  hands 
upon  us,  O  prosper  thou  our  handy-work. 


Psalm  XCI.     Qui  habitat. 

1  Whoso  dwelleth  under  the  defence  of  the  most 
High  :  shall  abide  under  the  shadow  of  the  Almighty. 

2  I  will  say  unto  the  Lord,  Thou  art  my  hope,  and 
my  strong  hold  :  my  God,  in  him  will  I  trust. 

3  For  he  shall  deliver  thee  from  the  snare  of  the 
hunter  :  and  from  the  noisome  pestilence. 

4  He  shall  defend  thee  under  his  wings,  and  thou 
shalt  be  safe  under  his  feathers  :  his  faithfulness  and 
truth  shall  be  thy  shield  and  buckler. 

5  Thou  shalt  not  be  afraid  for  any  terror  by  night  : 
nor  for  the  arrow  that  flieth  by  day ; 

6  For  the  pestilence  that  walketh  in  darkness  :  nor 
for  the  sickness  that  destroyeth  in  the  noon-day. 


^  Or,  pleasantness,  i.  e.  gracious  kindliness.  Cf.  Ps.  xxvii. 
4 ;   cxxxv.  3  :  also  2  Sam.  i.  26  and  Cant.  i.  16  ('  pleasant'). 

^  V.  I  seems  to  be  tautologous.  It  has  been  supposed  that 
a  word  has  fallen  out,  and  that  the  text  should  read,  \Happy 
is]  he  that  dwelleth  .  .  .  ,  that  abideth,  &c. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM  XCI  27I 


15  Make  us  glad  according  to  the  days  wherein  thou 

hast  afflicted  us, 
(and)  the  years  wherein  we  have  seen  adversity. 

16  Let  thy  work  appear  unto  thy  servants, 

and  thy  majesty  upon  their  children. 

17  And    the    sweetness^   of  Jehovah   our   God    be 

upon  us : 
the   work   of    our   hands   also   establish    thou 

upon  us  ; 
yea,  the  work  of  our  hands  establish  thou  it. 


Psalm  XCI. 

1  He  that  dwelleth  in  the  hiding-place  of  the  Most 

High 
abideth  Mn  the  shadow  of  the  Almighty  I 

2  I  will  say  *  unto  Jehovah,   '  My  refuge  and  my 

fastness, 
'  my  God,  in  whom  I  trust.' 

3  For   he  shall  deliver   thee  from  the  trap  of  the 

fowler, 
from  the  engulfing  pestilence. 

4  He  shall  shelter  thee  with  his  pinions, 

and  under  his  wings  shalt  thou  take  refuge ; 
his  truth  (shall  be)  a  buckler  and  a  targe. 

5  Thou  shalt  not  be  afraid  for  the  terror  of  the  night ; 

nor  for  the  arrow  that  flieth  by  day  : 

6  For  the  pestilence  that  walketh  in  darkness  ; 

nor  for  the  destruction  ^  that  wasteth  at  noon- 
day. 


^  Heb.  Shaddai. 

*  Read,  perhaps,  with  a  change  of  points,  Say  thou  (in 
P-greement  with  the  second  persons  following,  vv.  3-13). 

^  A  poetical  synonym  of  '  pestilence '  (Deut.  xxxii.  24)  ;  so 
that  P.B.V.  paraphrases  correctly.  \ 


\ 


272  THE   PSALMS  [daY  i8 


7  A  thousand  shall  fall  beside  thee,  and  ten  thousand 
at  thy  right  hand  :  but  it  shall  not  come  nigh  thee. 

8  Yea,  with  thine  eyes  shalt  thou  behold  :  and  see 
the  reward  of  the  ungodly. 

9  For  thou.  Lord,  art  my  hope  :  thou  hast  set 
thine  house  of  defence  very  high. 

ID  There  shall  no  evil  happen  unto  thee  :  neither 
shall  any  plague  come  nigh  thy  dwelling. 

11  For  he  shall  give  his  angels  charge  over  thee  : 
to  keep  thee  in  all  thy  ways. 

12  They  shall  bear  thee  in  their  hands  :  that  thou 
hurt  not  thy  foot  against  a  stone. 

13  Thou  shalt  go  upon  the  lion  and  adder  :  the 
young  lion  and  the  dragon  shalt  thou  tread  under  thy 
feet. 

14  Because  he  hath  set  his  love  upon  me,  therefore 
will  I  deliver  him  :  I  will  set  him  up,  because  he  hath 
known  my  Name. 

15  He  shall  call  .upon  me,  and  I  will  hear  him  : 
yea,  I  am  with  him  in  trouble ;  I  will  deliver  him,  and 
bring  him  to  honour. 

16  With  long  life  will  I  satisfy  him  :  and  shew  him 
my  salvation. 

Psalm  XCII.     Bonum  est  confiteri, 

1  It  is  a  good  thing  to  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord  : 
and  to  sing  praises  unto  thy  Name,  O  most  Highest ; 

2  To  tell  of  thy  loving-kindness  early  in  the  morning : 
and  of  thy  truth  in  the  night-season ; 

'  Cf.  Iviii.  4. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM  XCII  273 


7  A  thousand  may  fall  at  thy  side, 

and  ten  thousand  at  thy  right  hand ; 
it  shall  not  draw  nigh  unto  thee. 

8  Only  with  thine  eyes  shalt  thou  behold, 

and  see  the  recompense  of  the  wicked. 

9  Because  thou  (hast  said),  '  Jehovah  is  my  refuge,' 

(and)  hast  made  the  Most  High  thy  habitation  -, 
ID  There  shall  no  evil  happen  unto  thee, 

neither  shall  any  plague  come  nigh  thy  tent, 

1 1  For  he  shall  command  his  angels  concerning  thee, 

to  keep  thee  in  all  thy  ways  : 

1 2  They  shall  bear  thee  upon  (their)  hands, 

lest  thou  strike  thy  foot  against  a  stone. 

13  Thou  shalt  tread  upon  the  lion  and  cobra  ^ : 

the   young   lion   and   the   dragon^  shalt   thou 
trample  under  feet. 

14  'Because  he  hath  set  his  love  upon  me,  therefore 

will  I  deliver  him  ; 
'  I  will  set  him  on  high,  because  he  hath  known 
my  name : 

15  '  He  shall  call  upon  me,  and  I  will  answer  him ; 

'  I  will  be  with  him  in  trouble ; 

'  I  will  rescue  him,  and  bring  him  to  honour : 

16  '  With  length  of  days  will  I  satisfy  him, 

'  and  cause  him  to  look  upon  my  salvation.' 

Psalm  XCH. 

1  It  is  a  good  thing  to  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah, 

and  to  make  melody  unto  thy  name,  O  Most 
High  : 

2  To  declare  thy  kindness  in  the  morning, 

and  thy  faithfulness  in  the  nights, 

-  A  poetical  word  for  a  large  serpent.     Cf.  Ex.  vii.  9,  10,  la 
(where  the  Hebrew  word  is  the  samej. 

T 


274  THE   PSALMS  [day  1 8 

3  Upon  an  instrument  of  ten  strings,  and  upon  the 
lute  :  upon  a  loud  instrument,  and  upon  the  harp, 

4  For  thou,  Lord,  hast  made  me  glad  through  thy 
works  :  and  I  will  rejoice  in  giving  praise  for  the 
operations  of  thy  hands. 

5  O  Lord,  how  glorious  are  thy  works  :  thy  thoughts 
are  very  deep. 

6  An  unwise  man  doth  not  well  consider  this  :  and 
a  fool  doth  not  understand  it. 

7  When  the  ungodly  are  green  as  the  grass,  and 
when  all  the  workers  of  wickedness  do  flourish  :  then 
shall  they  be  destroyed  for  ever ;  but  thou,  Lord,  art 
the  most  Highest  for  evermore. 


8  For  lo,  thine  enemies,  O  Lord,  lo,  thine  enemies 
shall  perish  :  and  all  the  workers  of  wickedness  shall 
be  destroyed. 

9  But  mine  horn  shall  be  exalted  like  the  horn  of 
an  unicorn  :  for  I  am  anointed  with  fresh  oil. 

10  Mine  eye  also  shall  see  his  lust  of  mine  enemies  : 
and  mine  ear  shall  hear  his  desire  of  the  wicked  that 
arise  up  against  me. 

11  The  righteous  shall  flourish  like  a  palm-tree  : 
and  shall  spread  abroad  like  a  cedar  in  Libanus. 

1 2  Such  as  are  planted  in  the  house  of  the  Lord  : 
shall  flourish  in  the  courts  (of  the  house)  of  our  God. 

13  They  also  shall  bring  forth  more  fruit  in  their 
age  :  and  shall  be  fat  and  well-liking. 

*  Cf.  Job  iv.  II. 


BOOK  iv]  PSALM  XCII  275 

3  With  an  instrument  of  ten  strings,  and  with  the 

lyre, 
with  murmuring  sound  upon  the  harp. 

4  For  thou  hast  made  me  glad,  O  Jehovah,  through 

thy  work  : 
I    will    ring    out  my  joy   in  the  works  of  thy 
hands. 

5  Jehovah,  how  great  are  thy  works  ! 

very  deep  are  thy  thoughts. 

6  A  brutish  man  knoweth  not, 

and  a  fool  doth  not  understand  this : 

7  When  the  wicked  flourish  as  the  herbage, 

and  when  all   the  workers  of  naughtiness  do 

blossom, 
it  is  that  they  may  be  destroyed  for  ever. 

8  But  thou  art  on  high 

for  ever,  O  Jehovah. 

9  For,  lo,  thine  enemies,  Jehovah, 

for,  lo,  thine  enemies  shall  perish  ; 
all  the  workers  of  naughtiness  shall  be  scattered 
abroad  \ 

10  But  thou  hast  exalted  my  horn  like  (the  horn  of) 

a  wild  ox : 
I  am  spread  over  (?)  with  rich  oil. 

11  Mine  eye  also  hath  beheld  (its  desire)  upon  my 

watchful  foes, 
mine  ears  have  heard  (their  desire)  of  them  that 
rise  up  against  me  as  evil-doers. 

12  The  righteous  shall  flourish  like  a  palm-tree  ; 

he  shall  wax  tall  like  a  cedar  in  Lebanon. 

13  Planted  in  the  house  of  Jehovah, 

they  shall  flourish  in  the  courts  of  our  God. 

14  They  shall  still  bear  fruit  in  hoar  age ; 

they  shall  be  full  of  sap  ^  and  luxuriant : 

2  Lit./aUcf.  Ixv.  11). 
T  2 


276  THE   PSALMS  [day  1 8 

14  That  they  may  shew  how  true  the  Lord  my 
strength  is  :  and  that  there  is  no  unrighteousness  in  him. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XCIII.     Dotninus  regnavit. 

1  The  Lord  is  King,  and  hath  put  on  glorious 
apparel :  the  Lord  hath  put  on  his  apparel,  and  girded 
himself  with  strength. 

2  He  hath  made  the  round  world  so  sure  :  that  it 
cannot  be  moved. 

3  Ever  since  the  world  began  hath  thy  seat  been 
prepared  :  thou  art  from  everlasting. 

4  The  floods  are  risen,  O  Lord,  the  floods  have  lift 
up  their  voice  :  the  floods  lift  up  their  waves. 

5  The  waves  of  the  sea  are  mighty,  and  rage 
horribly  :  but  yet  the  Lord,  who  dwelleth  on  high,  is 
mightier. 

6  Thy  testimonies,  O  Lord,  are  very  sure  :  holiness 
becometh  thine  house  for  ever. 


Psalm  XCIV.     Dezis  ultionmn. 

1  O  Lord  God,  to  whom  vengeance  belongeth  :  thou 
God,  to  whom  vengeance  belongeth,  shew  thyself 

2  Arise,  thou  judge  of  the  world  :  and  reward  the 
proud  after  their  deserving. 

3  Lord,  how  long  shall  the  ungodly  :  how  long  shall 
the  ungodly  triumph  ? 

^  See  the  note  on  xlvii.  8 ;  and  cf.  Is.  lii.  7. 
^  i.e.  by  Jehovah's  assumption  of  sovereignty,  the  agitated 
world  of  civil  societies  is  awed  into  peace  (cf.  Ixxv.  3).     The 


BOOK  iv]  PSALMS   XCIII,    XCIV  2^^ 


15  That  they  may  declare  that  Jehovah  is  upright, 
my  rockj  in  whom  is  no  unrighteousness. 


Psalm  XCIII. 

1  Jehovah  reigneth  ^  ;    he  hath  clothed  himself  in 

majesty  ; 
Jehovah  hath  clothed  himself,  he  hath  girded 

himself  with  strength  : 
yea,  the  world  is  established,  that  it  cannot  be 

moved ". 

2  Thy  throne  is  established  from  of  old  : 

thou  art  from  everlasting. 

3  The  streams,  Jehovah,  have  lifted  up, 

the  streams  have  lifted  up  their  voice  ; 
the  streams  lift  up  their  din. 

4  More  than  the  voices  of  many  waters, 

glorious  '  (waters),  billows  of  the  sea, 
is  Jehovah  glorious  *  on  high. 

5  Thy  testimonies  are  very  trustworthy  ^ : 

holiness  becometh  thine  house, 
O  Jehovah,  for  length  of  days. 

Psalm  XCIV. 

1  O  God  of  vengeances,  Jehovah, 

O  God  of  vengeances,  shine  forth. 

2  Lift  up  thyself,  thou  judge  of  the  earth  : 

recompense  (their)  dealings  upon  the  proud. 

3  How  long,  Jehovah,  shall  the  wicked, 

how  long  shall  the  wicked  exult  ? 


reference  is  not  to  the  physical  globe  (the  '  round  world  ')- 
3   Or,  im'g/iiy  (Ex.  xv.  10).  *  Or,  nn'g/iiy  (,1s.  x.  34). 

5  Cf.  Ps.  xix.  7. 


278  THE   PSALMS  [day  i8 

4  How  long  shall  all  wicked  doers  speak  so  dis- 
dainfully :  and  make  such  proud  boasting  ? 

5  They   smite   down   thy   people,   O   Lord   :  and 
trouble  thine  heritage. 

6  They  murder  the  widow,  and  the  stranger  :  and 
put  the  fatherless  to  death. 

7  And  yet  they  say,  Tush,  the  Lord  shall  not  see  : 
neither  shall  the  God  of  Jacob  regard  it. 

8  Take  heed,  ye  unwise  among  the  people  :  O  ye 
fools,  when  will  ye  understand  ? 

9  He  that  planted  the  ear,  shall  he  not  hear  :  or  he 
that  made  the  eye,  shall  he  not  see  ? 

10  Or  he  that  nurtureth  the  heathen  :  it  is  he  that 
teacheth  man  knowledge,  shall  not  he  punish  ? 

11  The  Lord  knoweth  the  thoughts  of  man  :  that 
they  are  but  vain. 

12  Blessed   is   the    man   whom   thou   chastenest, 
O  Lord  :  and  teachest  him  in  thy  law ; 

13  That  thou  mayest  give  him  patience  in  time  of 
adversity  :  until  the  pit  be  digged  up  for  the  ungodly. 

14  For  the  Lord  will  not  fail  his  people  :  neither 
will  he  forsake  his  inheritance ; 

15  Until  righteousness  turn  again  unto  judgement ; 
all  such  as  are  true  in  heart  shall  follow  it. 

16  Who  will  rise  up  with  me  against  the  wicked  : 
or  who  will  take  my  part  against  the  evil-doers  ? 

17  If  the  Lord  had,  not  helped  me  :  it  had  not 
failed  but  my  soul  had  been  put  to  silence. 

'  See  the  note  on  xxxix.  12. 

*  The  word  used  impHes  moral  discipline  and  education. 

^  i.e.  men.     Or,  that  they  ;^men's  thoughts)  are  vanity. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM  XCIV  279 


4  They  pour  forth,  they  speak  arrogancy  : 

all  the  workers  of  naughtiness  bear  themselves 
loftily. 

5  They  crush  thy  people,  O  Jehovah, 

and  afflict  thine  inheritance. 

6  They  slay  the  widow  and  the  sojourner  \ 

and  murder  the  fatherless. 

7  And  they  say,  '  Jah  will  not  see, 

'  neither  will  the  God  of  Jacob  perceive.' 

8  Consider,  ye  brutish  among  the  people : 

and  ye  fools,  when  will  ye  understand  ? 

9  He  that  planted  the  ear,  shall  he  not  hear? 

or  he  that  formed  the  eye,  shall  he  not  see  ? 

10  He  that  admonisheth -'  the  nations,  shall  not  he 

correct, 
(even)  he  that  teacheth  man  knowledge  ? 

11  Jehovah  knoweth  the  thoughts  of  men, 

because  they  ^  are  (but)  a  breath. 

1 2  Happy  is  the  man  whom  thou  admonishest^  O  Jah, 

and  teachest  out  of  thy  law  ;  ^ 

1 3  That  thou  mayest  give  him  rest  from  the  days  of 

evil  *, 
until  a  pit  be  digged  for  the  wicked. 

14  For  Jehovah  will  not  abandon  his  people, 

neither  will  he  forsake  his  inheritance. 

15  For  judgement  shall  return  unto  righteousness  ^ 

and   all  they  that   are   upright  of  heart   shall 
follow  it. 

16  Who  will  rise  up  for  me  against  the  evil  doers? 

who  will  stand  up  for  me  against  the  workers  of 
naughtiness  ? 

17  Unless  Jehovah  had  been  my  help, 

my  soul  had  soon  dwelt  in  stillness  ^ 

'  Cf.  xlix.  5. 

^  From  which  it  is  now  divorced  {yv.  20,  21). 

*  See  cxv.  17. 


28o  THE   PSALMS  [day  19 


18  But  when  I  said,  My  foot  hath  slipt :  thy  mercy, 
O  Lord,  held  me  up. 

19  In  the  multitude  of  the  sorrows  that  I  had  in 
my  heart  :  thy  comforts  have  refreshed  my  soul. 

20  Wilt  thou  have  any  thing  to  do  with  the  stool 
of  wickedness  :  which  imagineth  mischief  as  a  law  ? 

21  They  gather  them  together  against  the  soul  of 
the  righteous  :  and  condemn  the  innocent  blood. 

22  But  the  Lord  is  my  refuge  :  and  my  God  is  the 
strength  of  my  confidence. 

23  He  shall  recompense  them  their  wickedness, 
and  destroy  them  in  their  own  malice  :  yea,  the  Lord 
our  God  shall  destroy  them. 


MORNING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  XCV.      Venife,  exultemus. 

1  O  come  let  us  sing  unto  the  Lord  :  let  us  heartily 
rejoice  in  the  strength  of  our  salvation. 

2  Let  us  come  before  his  presence  with  thanks- 
giving :  and  shew  ourselves  glad  in  him  with  psalms. 

3  For  the  Lord  is  a  great  God  :  and  a  great  King 
above  all  gods. 

4  In  his  hand  are  all  the  corners  of  the  earth  :  and 
the  strength  of  the  hills  is  his  also. 

5  The  sea  is  his,  and  he  made  it  :  and  his  hands 
prepared  the  dry  land. 

6  O  come,  let  us  worship  and  fall  down  :  and  kneel 
before  the  Lord  our  Maker. 


1  A  peculiar  word  ;  cf.  Ps.  cxxxix   23. 

2  Lit.  of  engulfing  ruin  (Hi.  2,  &c.);  i  e.  the  tribunal  which 
ruins  the  innocent  by  injustice. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM  XCV  281 

18  If  I  say,  '  My  foot  is  moved,' 

thy  kindness,  Jehovah,  holdeth  me  up. 

19  When  my  roving  thoughts^  are  multiphed  within 

me 
thy  comforts  delight  my  soul. 

20  Shall  the  throne  of  destruction  ^  have  fellowship 

with  thee, 
which  frameth  mischief  by  statute  ? 

21  They   gather   themselves  in   bands  ^   against  the 

soul  of  the  righteous, 
and  condemn  innocent  blood. 

22  But  Jehovah  hath  been  to  me  a  high  retreat, 

and  my  God  the  rock  of  my  refuge. 

23  And  he  hath  recompensed  *  upon  them  their  own 

naughtiness, 
and  he  will  exterminate  them  through  their  own 

wickedness ; 
Jehovah  our  God  will  exterminate  them. 


Psalm  XCV. 

O  come,  let  us  ring  out  our  joy  unto  Jehovah  ; 

let  us  shout  to  the  rock  of  our  salvation. 
Let  us  come  to  meet  his  face  with  thanksgiving, 

let  us  shout  unto  him  with  melodies. 
For  Jehovah  is  a  great  God, 

and  a  great  King  above  all  gods  : 
In  whose  hand  are  the  recesses  ^  of  the  earth  ; 

and  the  summits  of  the  mountains  are  his  also. 
The  sea  is  his,  and  he  made  it ; 

and  his  hands  formed  the  dry  land, 
O  come  in,  let  us  worship  and  fall  down  ; 

let  us  kneel  before  Jehovah  our  maker  : 

^  Properly,  marauding  bands  (2  Ki.  v.  2). 

■•  i.  e.  (by  Hebrew  idiom)  will  assuredly  recompense. 

°  Lit.  places  to  be  explored;  cf.  Job  xxxviii.  16. 


282  THE   PSALMS  [day  IQ 


I 


7  For  he  is  (the  Lord)  our  God  :  and  we  are  the 
people  of  his  pasture,  and  the  sheep  of  his  hand. 


:^         8  To-day  if  ye  will  hear  his  voice,  harden  not  your 
I     hearts  :  as  in  the  provocation,  and  as  in  the  day  of 
temptation  in  the  wilderness  ; 

9  When  your  fathers  tempted  me  :  proved  me,  and 
saw  my  works; 

ID  Forty  years  long  was  I  grieved  with  this  genera- 
tion, and  said  :  It  is  a  people  that  do  err  in  their 
hearts,  for  they  have  not  known  my  ways. 

I         II  Unto  whom  I  sware  in  my  wrath  :  that  they 
-    should  not  enter  into  my  rest. 


Psalm  XCVI.     Cantate  Domino. 

1  O  sing  unto  the  Lord  a  new  song  :  sing  unto  the 
Lord,  all  the  whole  earth. 

2  Sing  unto  the  Lord,  and  praise  his  Name  :  be 
telling  of  his  salvation  from  day  to  day. 

3  Declare  his  honour  unto  the  heathen  :  and  his 
wonders  unto  all  people. 

4  For  the  Lord  is  great,  and  cannot  worthily  be 
praised  :  he  is  more  to  be  feared  than  all  gods. 

5  As  for  all  the  gods  of  the  heathen,  they  are  but 
idols  :  but  it  is  the  Lord  that  made  the  heavens. 

6  Glory  and  worship  are  before  him  :  power  and 
honour  are  in  his  sanctuary. 

7  Ascribe  unto  the  Lord,  O  ye  kindreds  of  the 
people  :  ascribe  unto  the  Lord  worship  and  power. 


^  Or,  of  his  shepherding  (Ixxiv.  i). 

*  That  is,  strife  (Ex.  xvii.  7).  "  That  is,  proving  (ibid.). 

*  i.  e.  My  work  of  judgement  (Ixiv.  9),  My  chastisements. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   XCVI  283 

7  For  he  is  our  God, 

and  we  are  the  people  of  his  pasture  \  and  the 
flock  of  his  hand. 

To-day  if  ye  would  but  hearken  to  his  voice  ! 

8  '  Harden  not  your  heart,  as  at  Meribah  '\ 

'  as  in  the  day  of  Massah  ^  in  the  wilderness  : 

9  '  When  your  fathers  put  me  to  the  proof, 

'  (when)  they  tried  me,  but  also  saw  my  work\ 

10  *  For  forty  years  loathed  I  (that)  generation, 

'and  said,  "They  are  a  people  that  go  astray  in 

(their)  heart, 
'  "  for  they  do  not  know  my  ways  :  " 

11  'So  that  I  sware  in  my  anger, 

'  "  Surely  they  shall  not  enter  into  my  rest  ®."  ' 


Psalm  XCVI. 

1  O  sing  unto  Jehovah  a  new  song ; 

sing  unto  Jehovah,  all  the  earth. 

2  Sing  unto  Jehovah,  bless  his  name  ; 

proclaim  the  glad  tidings  of  his  salvation  from 
day  to  day. 

3  Tell  of  his  glory  among  the  nations, 

his  wondrous  works  among  all  the  peoples. 

4  For  great  is  Jehovah,  and  highly  to  be  praised  : 

he  is  terrible  above  all  gods. 

5  For  all  the  gods  of  the  peoples  are  nothingnesses  : 

but  Jehovah  made  the  heavens. 

6  Majesty  and  state  are  before  him  : 

strength  and  glory "  are  in  his  sanctuary. 

7  Ascribe  unto  Jehovah,  O  ye  families  of  the  peoples, 

ascribe  unto  Jehovah  glory  and  strength''. 

^  i.e.   place  of  rest :   cf.  Deut.  xii.  g. 

^  The  word  used  here  denotes  glory  which  is  also  a  deco- 
ration or  ornament  (Is.  Ix.  7,  19).  '  Cf.  Ps.  xxix.  i. 


284  THE   PSALMS  [day  19 


8  Ascribe  unto  the  Lord  the  honour  due  unto  his 
Name  :  bring  presents,  and  come  into  his  courts. 

9  O  worship  the  Lord  in  the  beauty  of  hohness  : 
let  the  whole  earth  stand  in  awe  of  him. 

10  Tell  it  out  among  the  heathen  that  the  Lord  is 
King  :  and  that  it  is  he  who  hath  made  the  round 
world  so  fast  that  it  cannot  be  moved ;  and  how  that 
he  shall  judge  the  people  righteously. 

11  Let  the  heavens  rejoice,  and  let  the  earth  be 
glad  :  let  the  sea  make  a  noise,  and  all  that  therein  is. 

12  Let  the  field  be  joyful,  and  all  that  is  in  it  : 
then  shall  all  the  trees  of  the  wood  rejoice  before  the 
Lord. 

13  For  he  cometh,  for  he  cometh  to  judge  the 
earth  :  and  with  righteousness  to  judge  the  world,  and 
the  people  with  his  truth. 


Psalm  XCVIL     Dominus  regnavit. 

1  The  Lord  is  King,  the  earth  may  be  glad  thereof : 
yea,  the  multitude  of  the  isles  may  be  glad  thereof. 

2  Clouds  and  darkness  are  round  about  him  : 
righteousness  and  judgement  are  the  habitation  of 
his  seat. 

3  There  shall  go  a  fire  before  him  :  and  burn  up 
his  enemies  on  every  side. 

4  His  lightnings  gave  shine  unto  the  world  :  the 
earth  saw  it,  and  was  afraid. 

5  The  hills  melted  like  wax  at  the  presence  of  the 
Lord  :  at  the  presence  of  the  Lord  of  the  whole  earth. 


*  Cf.  Ps.  xxix.  2. 

^  Viz.  to  secure  admission  to  His  presence.     Cf.  2  Sam.  viii. 
2,  6,  Jud.  iii.  18  end. 

^  Cf.  Ps.  xlvii.  8,  xciii.  i. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM  XCVII  285 

8  Ascribe  unto  Jehovah  the  glory  of  his  name  '  : 

bring  presents  "^j  and  come  into  his  courts. 

9  O  worship  Jehovah  in  holy  adornment  ^ ; 

be  in  pangs  before  him,  all  the  earth. 

10  Say  among  the  nations,  '  Jehovah  reigneth  ^ ; ' 

yea,  the  world  is  established  that  it  cannot  be 

moved  * ; 
he  will   minister  judgement  unto  the  peoples 

with  equity  ^. 

1 1  Let  the  heavens  be  glad,  and  let  the  earth  rejoice ; 

let  the  sea  thunder,  and  the  fulness  thereof : 

1 2  Let  the  field  exult,  and  all  that  is  in  it ; 

then  '^  let  all  the  trees  of  the  wood  ring  out  their 
joy: 

13  Before  Jehovah,  for  he  is  come  ; 

for  he  is  come  to  judge  the  earth  : 

he  will  judge  the  world  with  righteousness, 

and  the  peoples  with  his  faithfulness. 

Psalm  XCVII. 

1  Jehovah  reigneth  ^ ;  let  the  earth  rejoice  : 

let  many  isles ''  be  glad. 

2  Clouds  and  darkness  are  round  about  him  : 

righteousness  and  judgement  are  the  foundation 
of  his  throne^. 

3  Fire  goeth  before  him, 

and  setteth  ablaze  his  adversaries  round  about. 

4  His  lightnings  illumined  the  world  : 

the  earth  saw,  and  was  in  pangs ". 

5  The  mountains  melted  like  wax  at  the  presence  of 

Jehovah, 
at  the  presence  of  the  Lord  of  the  whole  earth. 

*  See  the  note  on  Ps.  xciii.  i.  ^  See  Ps.  ix.  8. 

*  Read  probably,  jy^a. 

'  Or,  coasts  ;  cf.  the  note  on  Ps.  Ixxii.  10. 

8  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxxix.  14.  3  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxvii.  18,  16. 


286  THE   PSALMS  [day  19 


6  The  heavens  have  declared  his  righteousness  : 
and  all  the  people  have  seen  his  glory. 

7  Confounded  be  all  they  that  worship  carved 
images,  and  that  delight  in  vain  gods  :  worship  him, 
all  ye  gods. 

8  Sion  heard  of  it,  and  rejoiced  :  and  the  daughters 
of  Judah  were  glad,  because  of  thy  judgements, 
O  Lord. 

9  For  thou.  Lord,  art  higher  than  all  that  are  in 
the  earth  :  thou  art  exalted  far  above  all  gods. 

10  O  ye  that  love  the  Lord,  see  that  ye  hate  the 
thing  which  is  evil  :  the  Lord  preserveth  the  souls  of 
his  saints;  he  shall  deliver  them  from  the  hand  of  the 
ungodly. 

11  There  is  sprung  up  a  light  for  the  righteous  : 
and  joyful  gladness  for  such  as  are  true-hearted. 

12  Rejoice  in  the  Lord,  ye  righteous  :  and  give 
thanks  for  a  remembrance  of  his  holiness. 


E  VENING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  XCVIIL     Cantate  Domino. 

1  O  sing  unto  the  Lord  a  new  song  :  for  he  hath 
done  marvellous  things. 

2  With  his  own  right  hand,  and  with  his  holy  arm  : 
hath  he  gotten  himself  the  victory. 

3  The  Lord  declared  his  salvation  :  his  righteous- 
ness hath  he  openly  shewed  in  the  sight  of  the 
heathen. 

4  He  hath  remembered  his  mercy  and  truth  toward 
the  house  of  Israel  :  and  all  the  ends  of  the  world 
have  seen  the  salvation  of  our  God. 


1  Cf.  Ps.  1.  6.  ••'  Cf.  Ps.  xlviii.  1 1.  ■'  Ps.  xlvii.  9. 

*  Read  probably,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  Targ.,  Vulg.,  Jen,  shineth 


BOOK  iv]  PSALM   XCVIII  287 

6  The  heavens  declared  his  righteousness  ', 

and  all  the  peoples  saw  his  glory, 

7  Ashamed  be  all  they  that  serve  graven  images, 

that  boast  themselves  of  nothingnesses  : 
worship  him,  all  ye  gods. 

8  Zion  heard  and  was  glad, 

and  the  daughters  of  Judah  rejoiced, 
because  of  thy  judgements,  Jehovah  ". 

9  For  thou,  Jehovah,  art  most  high  above  all  the  earth : 

greatly  art  thou  exalted  *  above  all  gods. 

10  O  ye  that  love  Jehovah,  hate  evil  : 

he  preserveth  the  souls  of  his  godly  ones ; 
he  delivereth   them   out   of  the   hand   of  the 
wicked. 

1 1  Light  is  sown  *  for  the  righteous, 

and  gladness  for  them  that  are  upright  of  heart. 

12  Be  glad,  O  ye  righteous,  in  Jehovah  ; 

and  give  thanks  unto  his  holy  memorial  ^ 


Psalm  XCVIII. 

O  sing  unto  Jehovah  a  new  song  ; 
for  he  hath  done  wondrous  things  : 
his  own  right   hand,  and  his  holy  arm,   hath 
wrought  salvation  for  him  ^ 
Jehovah  hath  made  known  his  salvation  : 

his  righteousness  hath  he  revealed  in  the  eyes 
of  the  nations ''. 
His  kindness    and  his    faithfulness   hath   he    re- 
membered unto  the  house  of  Israel : 
all  the  ends  of  the  earth  have  seen  the  salvation 
of  our  God ''. 


forth  ;  cf.  Ps.  cxii.  4.  *  See  Ps.  xxx.  4. 

6  Cf.  Is.  lix.  16,  Ixiii.  5.  '  Cf.  Is.  Hi.  10. 


288  THE   PSALMS  [daY  I9 


5  Shew  yourselves  joyful  unto  the  Lord,  all  ye 
lands  :  sing,  rejoice,  and  give  thanks. 

6  Praise  the  Lord  upon  the  harp  :  sing  to  the  harp 
with  a  psalm  of  thanksgiving. 

7  With  trumpets  also,  and  shawms  :  O  shew  your- 
selves joyful  before  the  Lord  the  King. 

8  Let  the  sea  make  a  noise,  and  all  that  therein  is  : 
the  round  world,  and  they  that  dwell  therein. 

9  Let  the  floods  clap  their  hands,  and  let  the  hills 
be  joyful  together  before  the  Lord  :  for  he  is  come  to 
judge  the  earth. 

10  With  righteousness  shall  he  judge  the  world  : 
and  the  people  with  equity. 

Psalm  XCIX.     Dominus  regnavit. 

1  The  Lord  is  King,  be  the  people  never  so  im- 
patient :  he  sitteth  between  the  cherubins,  be  the 
earth  never  so  unquiet. 

2  The  Lord  is  great  in  Sion  :  and  high  above  all 
people. 

3  They  shall  give  thanks  unto  thy  Name  :  which  is 
great,  wonderful,  and  holy. 

4  The  king's  power  loveth  judgement ;  thou  hast 
prepared  equity  :  thou  hast  executed  judgement  and 
righteousness  in  Jacob. 

5  O  magnify  the  Lord  our  God  :  and  fall  down 
before  his  footstool,  for  he  is  holy. 

6  Moses  and  Aaron  among  his  priests,  and  Samuel 
among  such  as  call  upon  his  Name  :  these  called  upon 
the  Lord,  and  he  heard  them. 


BOOK  IVJ  PSALM  XCIX  289 


4  Shout  unto  Jehovah,  all  the  earth  ; 

break  forth  and  ring  out  your  joy,  and  make 
melody. 

5  Make  melody  unto  Jehovah  with  the  harp ; 

with  the  harp,  and  the  voice  of  melody. 

6  With  trumpets  and  sound  of  the  horn 

shout  ye  before  the  King,  Jehovah. 

7  Let  the  sea  thunder,  and  the  fulness  thereof; 

the  world,  and  they  that  dwell  therein  : 

8  Let  the  streams  clap  their  hands ; 

let  the  mountains  together  ring  out  their  joy  : 

9  Before  Jehovah,  for  he  is  come  to  judge  the  earth; 

he  will  judge  the  world  with  righteousness, 
and  the  peoples  with  equity. 

Psalm  XCIX. 

1  Jehovah  reigneth  ;  let  the  peoples  tremble  : 

he  sitteth  upon  the   cherubim;    let  the  earth 
quiver. 

2  Jehovah  is  great  in  Zion  ; 

and  he  is  high  above  all  the  peoples. 

3  Let  them  give  thanks  unto  thy  name,  (which  is) 

great  and  terrible  : 
he  is  holy. 

4  And  the  King's  strength  loveth  judgement ; 

thou  hast  established  equity, 
thou  hast  executed  judgement  and  righteous- 
ness in  Jacob. 

5  Exalt  ye  Jehovah  our  God, 

and  worship  towards  his  footstool : 
he  is  holy. 

6  Moses  and  Aaron  among  his  priests, 

and   Samuel   among  them  that  call   upon  his 

name, 
did  call  unto  Jehovah,  and  he  answered  them. 
u 


ago 


THE  PSALMS  [day  19 


7  He  spake  unto  them  out  of  the  cloudy  pillar  : 
for  they  kept  his  testimonies,  and  the  law  that  he  gave 
them. 

8  Thou  heardest  them,  O  Lord  our  God  :  thou 
forgavest  them,  O  God,  and  punishedst  their  own 
inventions. 

9  O  magnify  the  Lord  our  God,  and  worship  him 
upon  his  holy  hill  :  for  the  Lord  our  God  is  holy. 


Psalm  C.    Jubilate  Deo. 

1  O  be  joyful  in  the  Lord,  all  ye  lands  :  serve  the 
Lord  with  gladness,  and  come  before  his  presence 
with  a  song. 

2  Be  ye  sure  that  the  Lord  he  is  God  :  it  is  he  that 
hath  made  us,  and  not  we  ourselves;  we  are  his 
people,  and  the  sheep  of  his  pasture. 

3  O  go  your  way  into  his  gates  with  thanksgiving, 
and  into  his  courts  with  praise  :  be  thankful  unto  him, 
and  speak  good  of  his  Name. 

4  For  the  Lord  is  gracious,  his  mercy  is  everlasting  : 
and  his  truth  endureth  from  generation  to  generation. 


Psalm  CI.     Misericordiam  etjudichnn. 

1  My  song  shall  be  of  mercy  and  judgement  :  unto 
thee,  O  Lord,  will  I  sing. 

2  O  let  me  have  understanding  :  in  the  way  of 
godliness. 

3  When  wilt  thou  come  unto  me  :  I  will  walk  in 
my  house  with  a  perfect  heart. 


'  Cf.  Ps.  Ixvi.  I,  xcviii.  4. 

^  So  Heb.  marg.,  Aq.,  Jer.,  Targ.  ;  and  not  ive  ourselves, 
Heb.  text,  Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg.  (Symm.  also  read  not). 


BOOK  iv]  PSALMS    C,    CI  291 

7  He  spake  unto  them  in  the  cloudy  pillar  : 

they  kept  his  testimonies,  and  the  statute  that 
he  gave  them. 

8  Jehovah  our  God,  thou  didst  answer  them  ; 

a  forgiving  God  wast  thou  unto  them, 

but  one  that  took  vengeance  on  their  doings. 

9  Exalt  ye  Jehovah  our  God, 

and  worship  towards  his  holy  hill ; 
for  Jehovah  our  God  is  holy. 


Psalm  C. 

1  Shout  unto  Jehovah,  all  the  earth  \ 

2  Serve  Jehovah  with  gladness  ; 

come  before  his  presence  with  a  ringing  cry. 

3  Know  ye  that  Jehovah  he  is  God : 

it  is  he  that  hath  made  us,  and  we  are  his  ^ ; 
(we  are)  his  people,  and  the  flock  of  his  pasture  *. 

4  O  enter  into  his  gates  with  thanksgiving  *, 

(and)  into  his  courts  with  praise : 
give  thanks  unto  him,  bless  his  name. 

5  For  Jehovah  is  good,  his  kindness  (endureth)  for 

ever, 
and  his  faithfulness  unto  all  generations. 


Psalm  CI. 

Of  kindness  and  judgement  will  I  sing  : 

unto  thee,  Jehovah,  will  I  make  melody. 
I  will  deal  wisely  in  ^  a  perfect  way ; 

0  when  wilt  thou  come  unto  me  ? 

1  will  walk  within  my  house  in  the  perfectness 
of  my  heart. 


^  Or,  of  his  shepherding.  *  Or,  uith  a  thank-offctiyig. 

^  Or,  give  heed  ttnio. 

U  2 


292  THE   PSALMS  [daY  20 


4  I  will  take  no  wicked  thing  in  hand;  I  hate  the 
sins  of  unfaithfulness  :  there  shall  no  such  cleave 
unto  me. 

5  A  froward  heart  shall  depart  from  me  :  I  will  not 
know  a  wicked  person. 

6  Whoso  privily  slandereth  his  neighbour  :  him  will 
I  destroy. 

7  Whoso  hath  also  a  proud  look  and  high  stomach  : 
I  will  not  suffer  him. 

8  Mine  eyes  look  upon  such  as  are  faithful  in  the 
land  :  that  they  may  dwell  with  me. 

9  Whoso  leadeth  a  godly  life  :  he  shall  be  my 
servant. 

10  There  shall  no  deceitful  person  dwell  in  my 
house  :  he  that  telleth  lies  shall  not  tarry  in  my  sight. 


Ill  shall  soon  destroy  all  the  ungodly  that  are  in 
the  land  :  that  I  may  root  out  all  wicked  doers  from 
the  city  of  the  Lord. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CII.     Do}nt?ie,  exandi. 

1  Hear  my  prayer,  O  Lord  :  and  let  my  crying 
come  unto  thee. 

2  Hide  not  thy  face  from  me  in  the  time  of  my 
trouble  :  incline  thine  ear  unto  me  when  I  call ;  O  hear 
me,  and  that  right  soon. 

3  For  my  days  are  consumed  away  like  smoke  : 
and  my  bones  are  burnt  up  as  it  were  a  fire-brand. 

^  Vis.  from  the  standard  of  right,  or,  perhaps,  of  faith  ;  cf. 
Ps.  xl.  4  ('  fall  away').     The  exact  meaning  of  the  Hebrew  is 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CII  293 


3  I  will  set  no  base  thing  before  mine  eyes ; 

I  hate  the  doing  of  deeds  that  swerve  \ 
it  shall  not  cleave  unto  me. 

4  A  crooked  heart  shall  depart  from  me; 

I  will  know  no  evil  ^. 

5  Whoso  slandereth  his  neighbour  in   secret,  him 

will  I  exterminate  ; 
whoso  hath  lofty  eyes  and  a  proud  heart,  him 
I  will  not  suffer. 

6  Mine  eyes  are  upon  the  faithful  of  the  land,  that 

they  may  dwell  with  me  ; 
whoso  walketh  in  a  perfect  way,  he  shall  minister 
unto  me. 

7  He  that  worketh  deception  shall  not  dwell  within 

my  house ; 
he  that  speaketh  lies  shall  not  be  established 
before  mine  eyes. 

8  Morning  by  morning'  will  I  exterminate  all  the 

wicked  of  the  land, 
that  I  may  cut  off  all  them  that  work  naughti- 
ness from  the  city  of  Jehovah. 


Psalm  CII. 

1  Jehovah,  hear  my  prayer, 

and  let  my  cry  for  help  come  unto  thee. 

2  Hide  not  thy  face  from  me  in  the  day  of  my 

distress  : 
incline  thine  ear  unto  me ; 
in  the  day  when  I  call  answer  me  speedily. 

3  For  my  days  are  consumed  like  smoke, 

and  my  bones  are  burned  through  like  a  hearth. 

uncertain. 

*  Or,  no  evil  person.  ^  Cf.  Jer.  xxi.  12. 


294  THE   PSALMS  [day  20 


4  My  heart  is  smitten  down,  and  withered  like 
grass  :  so  that  I  forget  to  eat  my  bread. 

5  For  the  voice  of  my  groaning  :  my  bones  will 
scarce  cleave  to  my  flesh. 

6  I  am  become  like  a  pelican  in  the  wilderness  : 
and  like  an  owl  that  is  in  the  desert. 

7  I  have  watched,  and  am  even  as  it  were  a  sparrow : 
that  sitteth  alone  upon  the  house-top. 

8  Mine  enemies  revile  me  all  the  day  long :  and  they 
that  are  mad  upon  me  are  sworn  together  against  me. 

9  For  I  have  eaten  ashes  as  it  were  bread  :  and 
mingled  my  drink  with  weeping; 

10  And  that  because  of  thine  indignation  and  wrath : 
for  thou  hast  taken  me  up,  and  cast  me  down. 

11  My  days  are  gone  like  a  shadow  :  and  I  am 
withered  like  grass. 

12  But,  thou,  O  Lord,  shalt  endure  for  ever  :  and 
thy  remembrance  throughout  all  generations. 

13  Thou  shalt  arise,  and  have  mercy  upon  Sion  : 
for  it  is  time  that  thou  have  mercy  upon  her,  yea,  the 
time  is  come. 

14  And  why?  thy  servants  think  upon  her  stones  : 
and  it  pitieth  them  to  see  her  in  the  dust. 

15  The  heathen  shall  fear  thy  Name,  O  Lord  :  and 
all  the  kings  of  the  earth  thy  Majesty ; 

16  When  the  Lord  shall  build  up  Sion  :  and  when 
his  glory  shall  appear ; 

1 7  When  he  turneth  him  unto  the  prayer  of  the 
poor  destitute  :  and  despiseth  not  their  desire. 

18  This  shall  be  written  for  those  that  come  after  : 
and  the  people  which  shall  be  born  shall  praise  the 
Lord. 


Vis.  by  the  sun  ;  cf.  Ps.  cxxi.  6. 

i.e.  my  body  is  emaciated  ;  cf.  Lam.  iv.  8. 

Read,  perhaps,  and  do  ntoan  (Ps.  Iv.  17). 

Using  m}'  name  in  imprecations ;  see  Jer.  xxix,  22. 


BOOK  iv]  PSALM   CI  I  295 

4  My  heart  is  smitten  like  the  herbage',  and  withered; 

for  I  forget  to  eat  my  bread. 

5  For  the  voice  of  my  sighing 

my  bone  cleaveth  to  my  flesh  ^. 

6  I  am  Hke  a  pelican  of  the  wilderness  ; 

I  am  become  as  an  owl  of  the  waste  places. 

7  I  watch,  and  am  become^ 

like  a  bird  alone  upon  the  house-top. 

8  All  the  day  mine  enemies  reproach  me ; 

they  that  are  mad  against  me  do  curse  by  me^ 

9  For  I  have  eaten  ashes  like  bread, 

and  mingled  my  drink  with  weeping  : 

10  Because  of  thine  indignation  and  thy  displeasure, 

for  thou  hast  taken  me  up,  and  flung  me  away. 

1 1  My  days  are  like  a  shadow  that  is  stretched  out, 

and  I  wither  like  the  herbage. 

12  But  thou,  Jehovah,  sittest  (enthroned)  for  ever; 

and  thy  memorial  ^  is  unto  all  generations. 

13  Thou  wilt  arise,  and  have  compassion  upon  Zion  ; 

for  it  is  time  to  be  gracious  unto  her,  for  the 
appointed  time  is  come  : 

14  For  thy  servants  take  pleasure  in  her  stones, 

and  look  graciously  upon  her  dust. 

15  So  the  nations  will  fear  the  name  of  Jehovah, 

and  all  the  kings  of  the  earth  thy  glory ; 

16  When  Jehovah  hath  built  up  Zion, 

(when)  he  hath  appeared  in  his  glory, 

17  (When)  he  hath  turned  him  towards  the  prayer  ot 

the  destitute, 
and  hath  not  despised  their  prayer. 

18  This®  shall  be  written  for  the  generation  to  come; 

and  a  people  which  shall  be  created  shall  praise 
Jah^; 

^  i.  e.  thy  name  ;  cf.  Ex.  iii.  15  end. 
*  i.  e.  the  promises  contained  in  vv.  16,  17. 
'  A  future  generation  will  praise  God  for  the  fulfilment  of 
these  promises. 


296  THE  PSALMS  [daY  20 


19  For  he  hath  looked  down  from  his  sanctuary  : 
out  of  the  heaven  did  the  Lord  behold  the  earth ; 

20  That  he  might  hear  the  mournings  of  such  as 
are  in  captivity  :  and  deliver  the  children  appointed 
unto  death. 

21  That  they  may  declare  the  Name  of  the  Lord  in 
Sion  :  and  his  worship  at  Jerusalem ; 

22  When  the  people  are  gathered  together  :  and 
the  kingdoms  also,  to  serve  the  Lord. 

23  He  brought  down  my  strength  in  my  journey  : 
and  shortened  my  days. 

24  But  I  said,  O  my  God,  take  me  not  away  in  the 
midst  of  mine  age  :  as  for  thy  years,  they  endure 
throughout  all  generations. 

25  Thou,  Lord,  in  the  beginning  hast  laid  the 
foundation  of  the  earth  :  and  the  heavens  are  the 
work  of  thy  hands. 

26  They  shall  perish,  but  thou  shalt  endure  :  they 
all  shall  wax  old  as  doth  a  garment ; 

27  And  as  a  vesture  shalt  thou  change  them,  and 
they  shall  be  changed  :  but  thou  art  the  same,  and 
thy  years  shall  not  fail. 

28  The  children  of  thy  servants  shall  continue  : 
and  their  seed  shall  stand  fast  in  thy  sight. 

Psalm  CIIL     JBejiedic,  anima  mea. 

1  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul  :  and  all  Jhat  is 
within  me  praise  his  holy  Name. 

2  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul  :  and  forget  not  all 
his  benefits ; 

3  Who  forgiveth  all  thy  sin  :  and  healeth  all  thine 
infirmities ; 


'   Heb.  the  children  of  death  ;  cf.  Ps.  Ixxix.  11. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   cm  297 


19  Because   he  hath   looked   forth   out  of  his  holy 

height, 
Jehovah  out  of  heaven  hath  beheld  the  earth, 

20  To  hear  the  groaning  of  the  prisoner, 

to  loose  such  as  are  appointed  to  die  ^  ; 

21  That  they  may  tell  of  the  name  of  Jehovah  in 

Zion, 
and  his  praise  in  Jerusalem, 

22  When  the  peoples  are  gathered  together, 

and  the  kingdoms,  to  serve  Jehovah. 

23  He  hath  brought  down  my  strength  in  the  way; 

he  hath  shortened  my  days. 

24  I  will  say,  '  O  my  God,  take  me  not  away  in  the 

midst  of  my  days  ; 
'  thy  years  (endure)  throughout  all  generations  : 

25  *  Of  old  thou  didst  lay  the  foundation  of  the  earth  ; 

'  and  the  heavens  are  the  work  of  thy  hands  : 

26  'They  shall  perish,  but  thou  shalt  endure; 

'  yea,  all  of  them  shall  wear  away  like  a  garment, 
'  as  a  vesture  shalt  thou  change  them,  and  they 
shall  be  changed  : 

27  'But  thou  art  He'', 

'  and  thy  years  shall  have  no  end. 

28  '  The  children  of  thy  servants  shall  dwell, 

'and  their  seed  shall  be  established  before  thee.' 


Psalm  CHI. 

Bless  Jehovah,  O  my  soul ; 

and  all  that  is  within  me,  (bless)  his  holy  name. 
Bless  Jehovah,  O  my  soul, 

and  forget  not  all  his  benefits : 
Who  pardoneth  all  thine  iniquity  ; 

who  healeth  all  thy  diseases  ; 


^  »'.  e.  He  who  is  (as  opposed  to  the  transitory  fabric  of  the 
world).     Cf.  Deiit.  xxxii.  39,  Is.  xli.  4,  xliii.  13,  xlviii.  12. 


298  THE   PSALMS  [dAY  20 

4  Who  saveth  thy  Hfe  from  destruction  :  and 
crowneth  thee  with  mercy  and  loving-kindness ; 

5  Who  satisfieth  thy  mouth  with  good  things  : 
making  thee  young  and  lusty  as  an  eagle. 

6  The  Lord  executeth  righteousness  and  judge- 
ment :  for  all  them  that  are  oppressed  with  wrong. 

7  He  shewed  his  ways  unto  Moses  :  his  works  unto 
the  children  of  Israel. 

8  The  Lord  is  full  of  compassion  and  mercy  :  long- 
suffering,  and  of  great  goodness. 

9  He  will  not  alway  be  chiding  :  neither  keepeth  he 
his  anger  for  ever. 

10  He  hath  not  dealt  with  us  after  our  sins  :  nor 
rewarded  us  according  to  our  wickednesses. 

1 1  For  look  how  high  the  heaven  is  in  comparison 
of  the  earth  :  so  great  is  his  mercy  also  toward  them 
that  fear  him. 

12  Look  how  wide  also  the  east  is  from  the  west  : 
so  far  hath  he  set  our  sins  from  us. 

13  Yea,  like  as  a  father  pitieth  his  own  children  : 
even  so  is  the  Lord  merciful  unto  them  that  fear 
him. 

14  For  he  knoweth  whereof  we  are  made  :  he 
remembereth  that  we  are  but  dust. 

15  The  days  of  man  are  but  as  grass  :  for  he 
flourisheth  as  a  flower  of  the  field. 

16  For  as  soon  as  the  wind  goeth  over  it,  it  is 
gone  :  and  the  place  thereof  shall  know  it  no  more. 

17  But  the  merciful  goodness  of  the  Lord  endureth 
for  ever  and  ever  upon  them  that  fear  him  :  and  his 
righteousness  upon  children's  children ; 

'  The  meaning  is  very  uncertain.     The  word,  as  it  stands,  is 
the  one  which  ordinarily  means  'ornament'  (Ex.  xxxiii.  4,  &c.). 
^  Sec  Tristram's  Natuial  History  of  the  Bible,  p.  172. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   cm  299 


4  Who  redeemeth  thy  Hfe  from  the  pit ; 

who  crowneth  thee   with   kindness   and  com- 
passion : 

5  Who  satisfieth  thy  prime  (?)  ^  with  good  things, 

so  that    thy   youth    reneweth    itself    hke   the 
vulture's '. 

6  Jehovah  executeth  righteousnesses, 

and  judgements  for  all  that  are  oppressed. 

7  He  made  known  his  ways  unto  Moses, 

his  doings  unto  the  children  of  Israel. 

8  Jehovah  is  full  of  compassion,  and  gracious, 

slow  to  anger,  and  abundant  in  kindness  *. 

9  He  will  not  alway  contend  * ; 

neither  keepeth  he  (his  anger)  for  ever  ^. 

10  Not  according  to  our  sins  hath  he  done  unto  us, 

and  not  according  to  our  iniquities  hath  he  dealt 
with  us : 

11  For  as  the  heaven  is  high  above  the  earth, 

so  his  kindness  is  mighty  over*  them  that  fear 
him  : 

1 2  As  far  as  the  east  is  from  the  west, 

so  far  hath  he  set  our  transgressions  from  us. 

13  Like  as  a  father  hath  compassion  upon  his  children, 

so  hath  Jehovah  compassion  upon  them  that 
fear  him. 

14  For  /le  knoweth  our  frame  ; 

he  is  mindful  that  we  are  dust. 

15  As  for  man,  his  days  are  as  grass  ; 

as  a  blossom  of  the  field,  so  he  blossometh  : 

16  For  the  wind  passeth  over  it,  and  it  is  gone  ; 

and  the  place  thereof  knoweth  it  no  more. 

17  But  the  kindness  of  Jehovah  is  from  everlasting  to 

everlasting  upon  them  that  fear  him, 
and  his  righteousness  unto  children's  children  ; 

3  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxxvl.  15.  *  Cf.  Is.  Ivii.  16. 

5  Cf.  Jer.  iii.  5,  12.  *  Cf.  Ps.  cxvii.  2. 


300  THE   PSALMS  [daY  20 

1 8  Even  upon  such  as  keep  his  covenant  :  and 
think  upon  his  commandments  to  do  them. 

19  The  Lord  hath  prepared  his  seat  in  heaven  : 
and  his  kingdom  ruleth  over  all. 

20  O  praise  the  Lord,  ye  angels  of  his,  ye  that 
excel  in  strength  :  ye  that  fulfil  his  commandment, 
and  hearken  unto  the  voice  of  his  words. 

21  O  praise  the  Lord,  all  ye  his  hosts  :  ye  servants 
of  his  that  do  his  pleasure. 

22  O  speak  good  of  the  Lord,  all  ye  works  of  his, 
in  all  places  of  his  dominion  :  praise  thou  the  Lord, 
O  my  soul. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  CIV.     Benedic,  anima  inea. 

1  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul  :  O  Lord  my  God, 
thou  art  become  exceeding  glorious ;  thou  art  clothed 
with  majesty  and  honour. 

2  Thou  deckest  thyself  with  light  as  it  were  with 
a  garment  :  and  spreadest  out  the  heavens  like 
a  curtain. 

3  Who  layeth  the  beams  of  his  chambers  in  the 
waters  :  and  maketh  the  clouds  his  chariot,  and 
walketh  upon  the  wings  of  the  wind. 

4  He  maketh  his  angels  spirits  :  and  his  ministers 
a  flaming  fire. 

5  He  laid  the  foundations  of  the  earth  :  that  it 
never  should  move  at  any  time. 

.  6  Thou  coveredst  it  with  the  deep  like  as  with 
a  garment  :  the  waters  stand  in  the  hills. 


^  Cf.   Am.   ix.  6.     The    Psalmist    alludes   poetically  to  the 
Hebrew  belief  that  above  the  solid  *  firmament '  there  were 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CIV  30I 


18  To  such  as  keep  his  covenant, 

and  to  them  that  remember  his  precepts  to  do 
them. 

19  Jehovah  hath  estabhshed  his  throne  in  heaven; 

and  his  kingdom  ruleth  over  all. 

20  O  bless  Jehovah,  ye  angels  of  his, 

ye  that  are  mighty  in  power,  that  fulfil  his  word, 
hearkening  unto  the  voice  of  his  word. 

21  O  bless  Jehovah,  all  ye  his  hosts  ; 

ye  ministers  of  his,  that  do  his  pleasure. 

22  O  bless  Jehovah,  all  ye  his  works, 

in  all  places  of  his  dominion  : 
bless  thou  Jehovah,  O  my  soul. 


Psalm  CIV. 

1  Bless  Jehovah,  O  my  soul. 

O  Jehovah  my  God,  thou  art  very  great ; 
thou  art  clothed  with  majesty  and  state. 

2  Who  puttest  on  light  as  a  mantle ; 

who   stretchest   out   the   heavens   like  a  tent- 
curtain  : 

3  Who  layeth  the  beams  of  his  upper-chambers  ^  in 

the  waters : 
who  maketh  the  clouds  his  chariot ; 
who  walketh  upon  the  wings  of  the  wind  : 

4  Who  maketh  his  messengers  of  winds  ; 

his  ministers  of  the  flaming  fire. 

5  He  founded  the  earth  upon  its  bases, 

that  it  should  not  be  moved  for  ever  and  ever. 

6  Thou  coveredst  it  with   the   deep   like   as   with 

a  vesture ; 
the  waters  stood  above  the  mountains : 

huge  reservoirs  of  water  (cf.  Gen.  i,  7\  which  served  as  store 
houses  of  rain  (^see  below,  v.  13). 


302  THE   PSALMS  [daY  20 

7  At  thy  rebuke  they  flee  :  at  the  voice  of  thy 
thunder  they  are  afraid. 

8  They  go  up  as  high  as  the  hills,  and  down  to  the 
valleys  beneath  :  even  unto  the  place  which  thou  hast 
appointed  for  them. 

9  Thou  hast  set  them  their  bounds  which  they 
shall  not  pass  :  neither  turn  again  to  cover  the  earth. 

10  He  sendeth  the  springs  into  the  rivers  :  which 
run  among  the  hills. 

1 1  All  beasts  of  the  field  drink  thereof  :  and  the 
wild  asses  quench  their  thirst. 

12  Beside  them  shall  the  fowls  of  the  air  have  their 
habitation  :  and  sing  among  the  branches. 

13  He  watereth  the  hills  from  above  :  the  earth  is 
filled  with  the  fruit  of  thy  works. 


14  He  bringeth  forth  grass  for  the  cattle  :  and 
green  herb  for  the  service  of  men  ; 

15  That  he  may  bring  food  out  of  the  earth,  and 
wine  that  maketh  glad  the  heart  of  man  :  and  oil 
to  make  him  a  cheerful  countenance,  and  bread  to 
strengthen  man's  heart. 

16  The  trees  of  the  Lord  also  are  full  of  sap  :  even 
the  cedars  of  Libanus  which  he  hath  planted  ; 

17  Wherein  the  birds  make  their  nests  :  and  the 
fir-trees  are  a  dwelling  for  the  stork. 

18  The  high  hills  are  a  refuge  for  the  wild  goats  : 
and  so  are  the  stony  rocks  for  the  conies. 


*  This  is  the  force  of  the  Heb.  word  employed. 

^  Poet,    for   the   rain,— the    'fruit,'    or   product,    of  God's 
providential  arrangements.  '  See  v.  13. 

*  The  Hyrax  Syriaciis,  for  which  no  proper  English  name 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CIV  303 


7  At  thy  rebuke  they  fled, 

at    the   voice   of    thy   thunder    they   sped    in 
alarm — 

8  The  mountains  rose,  the  plains  between  them  ' 

sank — 
unto  the  place  which  thou  hadst  founded  for 
them : 

9  Thou  didst  set  a  bound  which  they  should  not 

pass  over, 
that  they  might  not  return  to  cover  the  earth. 

10  Who  sendeth  forth  springs  into  the  torrent- valleys; 

they  run  between  the  mountains  : 

1 1  They  give  drink  to  every  beast  of  the  field  ; 

the  wild  asses  quench  their  thirst : 

1 2  Beside  them  dwell  the  fowl  of  the  heaven, 

from  among  the  branches  they  utter  their  voice. 

13  Who   watereth   the   mountains    from   his   upper- 

chambers  : 
the   earth   hath   its   fill   from  the  fruit  of  thy 
works  ^. 

14  Who  causeth  grass  to  spring  up  for  the  cattle, 

and  herb  for  the  service  of  men  : 
To  bring  forth  bread  out  of  the  earth, 

15  and  that  wine  may  make  glad  the  heart  of  man  ; 
To  make  his  face  shine  with  oil, 

and  that  bread  may  support  man's  heart. 

16  The  trees  of  Jehovah  have  their  fill  ^, 

the  cedars  of  Lebanon,  which  he  hath  planted ; 

17  Wherein  the  birds  make  their  nests  : 

as  for  the  stork,  the  fir  trees  are  her  home. 

18  The  high  mountains  are  for  the  wild  goats ; 

the  crags  are  a  refuge  for  the  rock-rabbits ". 


exists.  An  allied  species  about  the  Cape  is  termed  there  the 
'  rock- rabbit.'  The  creature  resembles  a  rabbit  in  general 
appearance  ;  but  it  does  not  belong  to  the  same  species.  Cf. 
Prov.  XXX.  26. 


304  THE   PSALMS  [daY  20 


19  He  appointed  the  moon  for  certain  seasons  : 
and  the  sun  knoweth  his  going  down. 

20  Thou  makest  darkness  that  it  may  be  night  : 
wherein  all  the  beasts  of  the  forest  do  move. 

21  The  lions  roaring  after  their  prey  :  do  seek  their 
meat  from  God. 

22  The  sun  ariseth,  and  they  get  them  away  to- 
gether :  and  lay  them  down  in  their  dens. 

23  Man  goeth  forth  to  his  work,  and  to  his  labour  : 
until  the  evening. 

24  O  Lord,  how  manifold  are  thy  works  :  in  wisdom 
hast  thou  made  them  all ;  the  earth  is  full  of  thy 
riches. 

25  So  is  the  great  and  wide  sea  also  :  wherein  are 
things  creeping  innumerable,  both  small  and  great 
beasts. 

26  There  go  the  ships,  and  there  is  that  Leviathan  : 
whom  thou  hast  made  to  take  his  pastime  therein. 

27  These  wait  all  upon  thee  :  that  thou  mayest 
give  them  meat  in  due  season. 

28  When  thou  givest  it  them  they  gather  it  :  and 
when  thou  openest  thy  hand  they  are  filled  with 
good. 

29  When  thou  hidest  thy  face  they  are  troubled  : 
when  thou  takest  away  their  breath  they  die,  and  are 
turned  again  to  their  dust. 

30  When  thou  lettest  thy  breath  go  forth  they  shall 
be  made  :  and  thou  shalt  renew  the  face  of  the  earth. 

31  The  glorious  Majesty  of  the  Lord  shall  endure 
for  ever  :  the  Lord  slTall  rejoice  in  his  works. 

32  The  earth  shall  tremble  at  the  look  of  him  :  if 
he  do  but  touch  the  hills,  they  shall  smoke. 

'  Or,  perhaps,  productions  (^cf.  Gen.  xiv.  19,  R.V.  marg.). 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CIV  305 


19  He  made  the  moon  for  stated  seasons  : 

the  sun  knoweth  his  going  down. 

20  If  thou  makest  darkness,  then  it  is  night, 

wherein  all  the  beasts  of  the  forest  do  creep 
forth : 

2 1  The  young  lions  roar  after  their  prey, 

and  seek  their  food  from  God. 

22  The  sun  ariseth,  they  gather  themselves  in, 

and  lay  them  down  in  their  dens  : 

23  Man  goeth  forth  unto  his  work 

and  to  his  labour  until  the  evening. 

24  How  manifold  are  thy  works,  O  Jehovah  ! 

in  wisdom  hast  thou  made  them  all : 
the  earth  is  full  of  thy  possessions  '. 

25  Yonder  sea,  great  and  wide — 

therein  are  things  creeping  innumerable, 
living  creatures,  both  small  and  great. 

26  There  go  the  ships  ; 

(and)  leviathan,  whom  thou  hast  formed  to  play 
therein  ^ 

27  All  of  them  wait  upon  thee, 

that  thou  mayest  give  them  their  food  in  its 
season. 

28  Thou  givest  (it)  unto  them,  they  gather  (it) ; 

thou  openest  thine  hand,  they  are  satisfied  with 
good  : 

29  Thou  hidest  thy  face,  they  are  dismayed ;_ 

thou  withdrawest  their  breath,  they  expire, 
and  return  to  their  dust. 

30  Thou  sendest  forth  thy  breath,  they  are  created ; 

and  thou  renewest  the  face  of  the  ground. 

31  Let  the  glory  of  Jehovah  endure  for  ever  ! 

let  Jehovah  be  glad  in  his  works  ! 

32  Who  looketh  on  the  earth,  and  it  trembleth  ; 

he  toucheth  the  mountains,  and  they  smoke. 

*  Or,  with  him.     See  Job  xli.  5. 
X 


306  THE   PSALMS  [daY  21 

T,2t  I  will  sing  unto  the  Lord  as  long  as  I  live  :  I  will 
praise  my  God  while  I  have  my  being. 

34  And  so  shall  my  words  please  him  :  my  joy 
shall  be  in  the  Lord. 

35  As  for  sinners,  they  shall  be  consumed  out  of 
the  earth,  and  the  ungodly  shall  come  to  an  end  : 
praise  thou  the  Lord,  O  my  soul,  praise  the  Lord. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CV.     Confitemini  Domino. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  and  call  upon  his 
Name  :  tell  the  people  what  things  he  hath  done. 

2  O  let  your  songs  be  of  him,  and  praise  him  :  and 
let  your  talking  be  of  all  his  wondrous  works. 

3  Rejoice  in  his  holy  Name  :  let  the  heart  of  them 
rejoice  that  seek  the  Lord. 

4  Seek  the  Lord  and  his  strength  :  seek  his  face 
evermore. 

5  Remember  the  marvellous  works  that  he  hath 
done  :  his  wonders,  and  the  judgements  of  his  mouth, 

6  O  ye  seed  of  Abraham  his  servant  :  ye  children 
of  Jacob  his  chosen. 

7  He  is  the  Lord  our  God  :  his  judgements  are  in 
all  the  world. 

8  He  hath  been  alway  mindful  of  his  covenant 
and  promise  :  that  he  made  to  a  thousand  genera- 
tions ; 

9  Even  the  covenant  that  he  made  with  Abraham  : 
and  the  oath  that  he  sware  unto  Isaac ; 

10  And  appointed  the  same  unto  Jacob  for  a  law  : 
and  to  Israel  for  an  everlasting  testament ; 

1 1  Saying,  Unto  thee  will  I  give  the  land  of  Canaan  : 
the  lot  of  your  inheritance ; 

'  Heb.  Hallelujah.         "^  Cf.  Is.  xii.  4  (the  same  Hebrew). 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CV  307 

2,2,  I  will  sing  unto  Jehovah  as  long  as  I  live  : 

I  will  make  melody  unto  my  God  while  I  have 
my  being. 

34  Let  my  musing  be  sweet  unto  him  : 

as  for  me,  I  will  be  glad  in  Jehovah. 

35  Let  sinners  be  consumed  out  of  the  earth, 

and  let  the  wicked  be  no  more. 
Bless  thou  Jehovah,  O  my  soul. 
Praise  ye  Jah  \ 


Psalm  CV. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  proclaim  his  name ; 

make  known  his  doings  among  the  peoples  ^ 

2  Sing  unto  him,  make  melody  unto  him ; 

muse  ye  of  all  his  wondrous  works. 

3  Glory  ye  in  his  holy  name : 

let  the  heart  of  them  be  glad  that  seek  Jehovah. 

4  Seek  after  Jehovah  and  his  strength  : 

seek  his  face  continually. 

5  Remember  his  wondrous  works  that  he  hath  done, 

his  portents,  and  the  judgements  of  his  mouth  ; 

6  O  ye  seed  of  Abraham  his  servant, 

ye  children  of  Jacob,  his  chosen  ones. 

7  He  is  Jehovah  our  God : 

his  judgements  are  in  all  the  earth. 

8  He  hath  remembered  his  covenant  for  ever, 

the  word  which  he  commanded  to  a  thousand 
generations  ; 

9  (The  covenant)  which  he  made  with  Abraham, 

and  his  oath  unto  Isaac. 

10  And  he  appointed  it  unto  Jacob  for  a  statute, 

to  Israel  for  an  everlasting  covenant : 

1 1  Saying,  '  Unto  thee  will  I  give  the  land  of  Canaan, 

'  the  lot  ^  of  your  inheritance.' 

^  Ilcb.  line,  fig.  for  measured  lot  (cf.  Ps.  Ixxviii.  55). 

X  2 


3o8  THE   PSALMS  [daY  21 


12  When  there  were  yet  but  a  few  of  them  :  and 
they  strangers  in  the  land ; 

13  What  time  as  they  went  from  one  nation  to 
another  :  from  one  kingdom  to  another  people ; 

14  He  suffered  no  man  to  do  them  wrong  :  but 
reproved  even  kings  for  their  sakes  ; 

15  Touch  not  mine  anointed  :  and  do  my  prophets 
no  harm. 

16  Moreover,  he  called  for  a  dearth  upon  the  land  : 
and  destroyed  all  the  provision  of  bread. 

17  But  he  had   sent  a  man  before  them  :  even 
Joseph,  who  was  sold  to  be  a  bond-servant ; 

18  Whose  feet  they  hurt  in  the  stocks  :  the  iron 
entered  into  his  soul ; 

19  Until  the  time  came  that  his  cause  was  known  : 
the  word  of  the  Lord  tried  him. 

20  The  king  sent,  and  delivered  him  :  the  prince 
of  the  people  let  him  go  free. 

21  He  made  him  lord  also  of  his  house  :  and  ruler 
of  all  his  substance ; 

22  That  he  might  inform  his  princes  after  his  will  : 
and  teach  his  senators  wisdom. 

23  Israel  also  came  into  Egypt  :  and  Jacob  was 
a  stranger  in  the  land  of  Ham. 

24  And  he  increased  his  people  exceedingly  :  and 
made  them  stronger  than  their  enemies ; 

25  Whose   heart   turned  so,  that  they  hated   his 
people  :  and  dealt  untruly  with  his  servants. 

26  Then  sent  he  Moses  his  servant  :  and  Aaron 
whom  he  had  chosen. 

27  And  these  shewed  his  tokens  among  them  :  and 
wonders  in  the  land  of  Ham. 


^  Gen.  xxxvii.  7,  9. 

*  Or,  the  promise  (involved  viz.  in  Joseph's  dreams). 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CV  309 


1 2  When  they  were  yet  men  that  could  be  numbered, 

(yea,)  few,  and  sojourners  in  it, 

13  And  (when)  they  went  about  from  nation  to  nation, 

from  one  kingdom  to  another  people, 

14  He  suffered  no  man  to  oppress  them, 

and  reproved  kings  for  their  sakes ; 

15  (Saying,)  'Touch  not  mine  anointed  ones, 

'  and  do  my  prophets  no  harm.' 

16  And  he  called  a  famine  upon  the  land : 

he  brake  the  whole  staff  of  bread. 

1 7  He  sent  a  man  before  them  ; 

Joseph  was  sold  to  be  a  bond-servant : 

18  His  feet  they  afflicted  with  fetters  ; 

his  soul  entered  into  iron  : 

19  Until  the  time  that  his  word  ^  came  to  pass, 

the  saying  ^  of  Jehovah  tested  him. 

20  The  king  sent  and  released  him  ; 

the  ruler  of  peoples,  and  let  him  go  free. 

2 1  He  made  him  lord  of  his  house, 

and  ruler  over  all  his  possessions  : 

22  To  bind  his  princes  at  his  pleasure, 

and  teach  his  elders  wisdom. 

23  And  Israel  came  into  Egypt, 

and  Jacob  sojourned  in  the  land  of  Ham. 

24  And  he  made  his  people  to  be  fruitful  exceed- 

ingly ; 
and  made  them  stronger  than  their  adversaries. 

25  He  turned  their  heart  to  hate  his  people, 

to  deal  craftily  with  his  servants. 

26  He  sent  Moses  his  servant, 

(and)  Aaron  whom  he  had  chosen. 

27  They^  set  among  them  his  manifold  signs, 

and  portents  in  the  land  of  Ham. 

^  Read  probably,  He,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  Aq.,  Symm.,  Vulg., 
Jer.  ;  cf.  Ps.  Ixxviii.  43. 


3IO  THE   PSALMS  [daY  21 


28  He  sent  darkness,  and  it  was  dark  :  and  they 
were  not  obedient  unto  his  word. 

29  He  turned  their  waters  into  blood  :  and  slew 
their  fish. 

30  Their  land  brought  forth  frogs  :  yea,  even  in 
their  kings'  chambers. 

31  He  spake  the  word,  and  there  came  all  manner 
of  flies  :  and  lice  in  all  their  quarters. 

32  He  gave  them  hail-stones  for  rain  :  and  flames 
of  fire  in  their  land. 

2,2,  He  smote  their  vines  also  and  fig-trees  :  and 
destroyed  the  trees  that  were  in  their  coasts. 

34  He  spake  the  word,  and  the  grasshoppers  came, 
and  caterpillars  innumerable  :  and  did  eat  up  all  the 
grass  in  their  land,  and  devoured  the  fruit  of  their 
ground. 

35  He  smote  all  the  first-born  in  their  land  :  even 
the  chief  of  all  their  strength. 

36  He  brought  them  forth  also  with  silver  and 
gold  :  there  was  not  one  feeble  person  among  their 
tribes. 

37  Egypt  was  glad  at  their  departing  :  for  they 
were  afraid  of  them. 

38  He  spread  out  a  cloud  to  be  a  covering  :  and  fire 
to  give  light  in  the  night-season. 

39  At  their  desire  he  brought  quails  :  and  he  filled 
them  with  the  bread  of  heaven. 

40  He  opened  the  rock  of  stone,  and  the  waters 
flowed  out  ;  so  that  rivers  ran  in  the  dry  places. 

41  For  why?  he  remembered  his  holy  promise  : 
and  Abraham  his  servant. 

42  And  he  brought  forth  his  people  with  joy  :  and 
his  chosen  with  gladness ; 

*  Or,  and  made  it  dark.  "  i.  e.  Moses  and  Aaron. 

^  So  Heb.  text ;  Heb.  marg.  w  rd.  *  Or,  gnats. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CV  31 1 


28  He  sent  darkness,  and  it  was  dark ' ; 

and  they  "^  defied  not  his  words  ^ 

29  He  turned  their  waters  into  blood, 

and  slew  their  fish. 

30  Their  land  swarmed  with  frogs, 

in  the  chambers  of  their  kings. 

31  He  spake,  and  the  dog-fly  came, 

(and)  lice*  in  all  their  border. 

32  He  made  their  rains  to  be  hail, 

(and)  flaming  fire  in  their  land. 

33  He  smote  their  vines  also  and  their  fig-trees  ; 

and  brake  in  pieces  the  trees  of  their  border. 

34  He  spake,  and  the  locust  came, 

and  the  young  locust ''  without  number, 

35  And  did  eat  up  every  herb  in  their  land, 

and  did  eat  up  the  fruit  of  their  ground. 

36  He  smote  also  all  the  first-born  in  their  land, 

the  firstfruits  of  all  their  strength. 

37  And  he  brought  them  forth  with  silver  and  gold  ; 

and  there  was  none  that  stumbled  among  his 
tribes. 

38  Egypt  was  glad  at  their  departing  : 

for  their  terror  had  fallen  upon  them. 

39  He  spread  out  a  cloud  to  be  a  screen ; 

and  fire  to  give  light  by  night. 

40  They  asked,  and  he  brought  quails, 

and  satisfied  them  with  the  bread  of  heaven. 

41  He  opened  the  rock,  and  waters  gushed  out ; 

they  ran  in  the  deserts  (like)  a  river. 

42  For  he  remembered  his  holy  word, 

(and)  Abraham  his  servant ; 

43  And  he  brought  forth  his  people  with  joy, 

his  chosen  ones  with  ringing  cries  : 

•'  Lit.  thelapper,  perhaps  (cf.  Jer.  li.  27  ;  Nah.  iii.  16)  the  name 
of  the  locust  in  its  'pupa'  stage,  before  the  wings  are  grown. 


312  THE   PSALMS  [day  21 


43  And  gave  them  the  lands  of  the  heathen  :  and 
they  took  the  labours  of  the  people  in  possession ; 

44  That  they  might  keep  his  statutes  :  and  observe 
his  laws. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  CVL     Confiiemini  Domino. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  for  he  is  gracious  : 
and  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

2  Who  can  express  the  noble  acts  of  the  Lord  :  or 
shew  forth  all  his  praise  ? 

3  Blessed  are  they  that  alway  keep  judgement :  and 
do  righteousness, 

4  Remember  me,  O  Lord,  according  to  the  favour 
that  thou  bearest  unto  thy  people  :  O  visit  me  with 
thy  salvation  ; 

5  That  I  may  see  the  felicity  of  thy  chosen  :  and 
rejoice  in  the  gladness  of  thy  people,  and  give  thanks 
with  thine  inheritance. 

6  We  have  sinned  with  our  fathers  :  we  have  done 
amiss,  and  dealt  wickedly. 

7  Our  fathers  regarded  not  thy  wonders  in  Egypt, 
neither  kept  they  thy  great  goodness  in  remem- 
brance :  but  were  disobedient  at  the  sea,  even  at  the 
Red  sea. 

8  Nevertheless,  he  helped  them  for  his  Name's 
sake  :  that  he  might  make  his  power  to  be  known. 

9  He  rebuked  the  Red  sea  also,  and  it  was  dried 
up  :  so  he  led  them  through  the  deep,  as  through 
a  wilderness. 

1  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CVI  313 


44  And  he  gave  them  the  lands  of  the  nations, 

and  they  took  the  labour  of  the  peoples  in  pos- 
session ; 

45  To  the  end  that  they  might  keep  his  statutes, 

and  observe  his  laws. 

Praise  ye  Jah\ 

Psalm  CVI. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah^ 

O  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  for  he  is  good, 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

2  Who  can  express  the  mighty  acts  of  Jehovah  ? 

(or)  make  all  his  praise  to  be  heard  ? 

3  Happy  are  they  that  keep  judgement, 

and  he  that  doeth  righteousness  at  all  times. 

4  Remember  me,  Jehovah,  with  the  favour  that  thou 

bearest  unto  thy  people ; 
O  visit  me  with  thy  salvation  : 

5  That  I  may  look  upon  the  felicity  of  thy  chosen 

ones, 
that  I  may  rejoice  in  the  gladness  of  thy  nation, 
that  I  may  glory  with  thine  inheritance. 

6  We  have  sinned  with  our  fathers, 

we    have    done    iniquitously,    we    have    dealt 
wickedly. 

7  Our  fathers  considered  not  thy  wonders  in  Egypt ; 

they  remembered   not   the   abundance   of  thy 

kindnesses  ; 
but  were  defiant  by  the  sea,  at  the  Red  sea  ^ 

8  Yet  he  saved  them  for  his  name's  sake, 

that  he  might  make  his  might  to  be  known. 

9  And  he  rebuked  the  Red  sea,  and  it  was  dried  up  ; 

and  he  led  them  through  the  deeps,  as  through 
the  wilderness. 


2  The  text  is  tautologous  and  doubtful.      Read  perhaps,  but 
defied  the  Most  High  at  the  Red  sea  (cf.  Ps.  Ixxviii,  56). 


314  THE   PSALMS  [day  21 


10  And  he  saved  them  from  the  adversary's  hand  : 
and  delivered  them  from  the  hand  of  the  enemy. 

11  As  for  those  that  troubled  them,  the  waters 
overwhelmed  them  :  there  was  not  one  of  them  left. 

12  Then  believed  they  his  words  :  and  sang  praise 
unto  him, 

13  But  within  a  while  they  forgat  his  works  :  and 
would  not  abide  his  counsel. 

14  But  lust  came  upon  them  in  the  wilderness  : 
and  they  tempted  God  in  the  desert. 

15  And  he  gave  them  their  desire  :  and  sent  lean- 
ness withal  into  their  soul. 

16  They  angered  Moses  also  in  the  tents  :  and 
Aaron  the  saint  of  the  Lord. 

1 7  So  the  earth  opened,  and  swallowed  up  Dathan  : 
and  covered  the  congregation  of  Abiram. 

18  And  the  fire  was  kindled  in  their  company  :  the 
flame  burnt  up  the  ungodly, 

19  They  made  a  calf  in  Horeb  :  and  worshipped 
the  molten  image. 

20  Thus  they  turned  their  glory  :  into  the  similitude 
of  a  calf  that  eateth  hay. 

21  And  they  forgat  God  their  Saviour  :  who  had 
done  so  great  things  in  Egypt ; 

22  Wondrous  works  in  the  land  of  Ham  :  and 
fearful  things  by  the  Red  sea. 

23  So  he  said,  he  would  have  destroyed  them,  had 
not  Moses  his  chosen  stood  before  him  in  the  gap  : 
to  turn  away  his  wrathful  indignation,  lest  he  should 
destroy  them. 

24  Yea,  they  thought  scorn  of  that  pleasant  land  : 
and  gave  no  credence  unto  his  word ; 


^  Num.  xi.  4  (the  same  Heb.).     Lit.  desired  a  desire. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CVI  315 


10  And  he  saved  them  from  the  hand  of  him  that 

hated  them, 
and  redeemed  them  from  the  hand  of  the  enemy. 

1 1  But  the  waters  covered  their  adversaries  ; 

there  was  not  one  of  them  left. 

12  Then  believed  they  his  words  ; 

they  sang  his  praise. 

13  They  soon  forgat  his  works ; 

they  tarried  not  patiently  for  his  counsel : 

14  But  fell  a  lusting  ^  in  the  wilderness, 

and  put  God  to  the  proof  in  the  desert, 

15  And  he  gave  them  their  request ; 

but  sent  leanness  into  their  soul. 

16  They  were  jealous  also  of  Moses  in  the  camp, 

(and)  of  Aaron  the  holy  one  of  Jehovah. 

1 7  The  earth  opened,  and  swallowed  up  Dathan, 

and  covered  the  congregation  of  Abiram  : 

18  And  fire  kindled  on  their  congregation  ; 

the  flame  set  ablaze  the  wicked. 

19  They  made  a  calf  in  Horeb, 

and  worshipped  a  molten  image. 

20  Thus  they  exchanged  their  glory  '■^ 

for  the  likeness  of  an  ox  that  eateth  herbage. 

21  They  forgat  God  their  saviour, 

who  had  done  great  things  in  Egypt ; 

22  Wondrous  works  in  the  land  of  Ham, 

terrible  things  by  the  Red  sea. 

23  So  he  said,  that  he  would  destroy  them, 

had  not  Moses  his  chosen  stood  before  him  in 

the  breach, 
to  turn  back  his  fury  from  destroying. 

24  Moreover,  they  rejected  the  desirable  land ", 

they  believed  not  his  word  : 

*  i.e.  Jehovah  ;  cf.  Jer.  ii.  11.  ^  Zech.  vii.  14. 


3l6  THE   PSALMS  [day  21 

25  But  murmured  in  their  tents  :  and  hearkened 
not  unto  the  voice  of  the  Lord. 

26  Then  Hft  he  up  his  hand  against  them  :  to  over- 
throw them  in  the  wilderness  ; 

27  To  cast  out  their  seed  among  the  nations  :  and 
to  scatter  them  in  the  lands. 


28  They  joined  themselves  unto  Baal-peor  :  and  ate 
the  offerings  of  the  dead. 

29  Thus  they  provoked  him  to  anger  with  their 
own  inventions  :  and  the  plague  was  great  among  them. 

30  Then  stood  up  Phinees  and  prayed  :  and  so  the 
plague  ceased. 

31  And  that  was  counted  unto  him  for  righteous- 
ness :  among  all  posterities  for  evermore. 

32  They  angered  him  also  at  the  waters  of  strife  : 
so  that  he  punished  Moses  for  their  sakes ; 

33  Because  they  provoked  his  spirit  :  so  that  he 
spake  unadvisedly  with  his  lips. 

34  Neither  destroyed  they  the  heathen  :  as  the 
Lord  commanded  them  ; 

35  But  were  mingled  among  the  heathen  :  and 
learned  their  works. 

36  Insomuch  that  they  worshipped  their  idols,  which 
turned  to  their  own  decay  :  yea,  they  offered  their 
sons  and  their  daughters  unto  devils  ; 

37  And  shed  innocent  blood,  even  the  blood  of 
their  sons  and  of  their  daughters  :  whom  they  offered 
unto  the  idols  of  Canaan ;  and  the  land  was  defiled 
with  blood. 

38  Thus  were  they  stained  with  their  own  works  : 
and  went  a  whoring  with  their  own  inventions. 

^  i.  e.  sware,  the  expression  being  derived  from  the  gesture 
accompanying  an  oath  ;  cf.  Num.  xiv.  30,  Ez.  xx.  5,  15,  23. 

*  Read,  with  a  change  of  one  letter,  scatter  their  seed;  see 
Ez.  XX.  23. 


BOOK  IV]  PSALM   CVI  317 

25  And  they  murmured  in  their  tents, 

they  hearkened  not  unto  the  voice  of  Jehovah. 

26  So  he  hfted  up  his  hand  ^  unto  them, 

that  he  would  make  them  fall  in  the  wilderness  ; 

27  And  that  he  would  make  their  seed  to  falP  among 

the  nations, 
and  disperse  them  in  the  lands. 

28  They  joined  themselves  also  unto  Baal  of  Peor, 

and  ate  the  sacrifices  of  the  dead  ^, 

29  And  vexed  him  with  their  doings, 

and  a  plague  brake  in  upon  them. 

30  But  Phinehas  stood  up,  and  interposed, 

and  so  the  plague  was  stayed ; 

31  And  that  was  counted  unto  him  for  righteousness 

unto  all  generations  for  ever. 

32  They  angered  him  also  at  the  waters  of  Meribah, 

and  it  went  ill  with  Moses  for  their  sakes  : 
2,2,  Because  they  had  defied  his  ^  spirit, 
and  he  spake  rashly  ^  with  his  lips. 

34  They  did  not  destroy  the  peoples, 

as  Jehovah  commanded  them  : 

35  But  mingled  themselves  with  the  nations, 

and  le?rned  their  works  : 

36  And  they  served  their  idols  ; 

which  became  a  snare "  unto  them  : 

37  Yea,  they  sacrificed  their  sons  and  their  daughters 

unto  Shedim '', 

38  And  shed  innocent  blood,  even  the  blood  of  their 

sons  and  of  their  daughters, 
whom  they  sacrificed  unto  the  idols  of  Canaan  : 
and  the  land  was  polluted  with  blood. 

39  And'  they  became  unclean  through  their  works, 

and  went  a  whoring  in  their  doings. 

^  i.e.  idols  (Wisd.  xiii.  10),  opp.  to  the  'living  God'  (Jer. 
X.  10''.  *  i.  e.  Grid's.  •''  Lev.  v.  4. 

''  Cf.  Ex.  xxiii.  33,  Deut.  vii.  16.     Properly,  a  bait. 
'  Or,  demigods  ;  mentioned  besides  only  in  Deut.  xxxii.  17. 


3l8  THE   PSALMS  [day  22 


39  Therefore  was  the  wrath  of  the  Lord  kindled 
against  his  people  :  insomuch  that  he  abhorred  his 
own  inheritance. 

40  And  he  gave  them  over  into  the  hand  of  the 
heathen  :  and  theythat  hated  them  were  lordsover  them. 

41  Their  enemies  oppressed  them  :  and  had  them 
in  subjection, 

42  Many  a  time  did  he  deliver  them  :  but  they 
rebelled  against  him  with  their  own  inventions,  and 
were  brought  down  in  their  wickedness. 

43  Nevertheless,  when  he  saw  their  adversity  :  he 
heard  their  complaint, 

44  He  thought  upon  his  covenant,  and  pitied  them, 
according  unto  the  multitude  of  his  mercies  :  yea,  he 
made  all  those  that  led  them  away  captive  to  pity 
them. 

45  Deliver  us,  O  Lord  our  God,  and  gather  us  from 
among  the  heathen  :  that  we  may  give  thanks  unto 
thy  holy  Name,  and  make  our  boast  of  thy  praise. 

46  Blessed  be  the  Lord  God  of  Israel  from  ever- 
lasting, and  world  without  end  :  and  let  all  the  people 
say.  Amen, 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CVIL     Confitemini  Domino. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  for  he  is  gracious  : 
and  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

2  Let  them  give  thanks  whom  the  Lord  hath 
redeemed  :  and  deli-vered  from  the  hand  of  the 
enemy ; 


>-  Cf.  Judg.  iii.  30. 
Cf.  I  Ki,  viii.  50  (R.V.  marg.). 


2 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CVII  319 


40  So  the  anger  of  Jehovah  was  kindled  against  his 

people, 
and  he  abhorred  his  inheritance. 

41  And  he  gave  them  into  the  hand  of  the  nations ; 

and  they  that  hated  them  ruled  over  them. 

42  Their  enemies  also  oppressed  them, 

and  they  were  subdued  under  their  hand  \ 

43  Many  times  did  he  deliver  them  ; 

but  they  were  defiant  in  their  counsel, 
and  sank  low  through  their  iniquity. 

44  But  he  looked  upon  their  distress, 

when  he  heard  their  ringing  cry  ; 

45  And  he  remembered  for  them  his  covenant, 

and   repented  according  to  the  abundance  of 
his  kindnesses ; 

46  And  gave  them  to  be  for  compassion 

before  them  that  carried  them  captive  ^. 

47  Save  us,  Jehovah,  our  God, 

and  gather  us  from  the  nations, 

that  we  may  give  thanks  unto  thy  holy  name, 

and  make  our  boast  of  thy  praise, 

48  Blessed '  be  Jehovah,  the  God  of  Israel, 

from  everlasting  even  to  everlasting : 
and  let  all  the  people  say,  '  Amen.' 
Praise  ye  Jah  *. 

BOOK  V 

Psalm  CVII. 

1  '  O  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  for  he  is  good, 

'  for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever : ' 

2  (So)  let  the  redeemed  of  Jehovah  say, 

whom  he  hath  redeemed  from  the  hand  of  the 
adversary ; 

*  The  doxology  closing  Book  IV  of  the  Psalms. 

*  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


320 


THE   PSALMS  [daY  22 


3  And  gathered  them  out  of  the  lands,  from  the 
east,  and  from  the  west  :  from  the  north,  and  from  the 
south. 

4  They  went  astray  in  the  wilderness  out  of  the  way : 
and  found  no  city  to  dwell  in  ; 

5  Hungry  and  thirsty  :  their  soul  fainted  in  them. 

6  So  they  cried  unto  the  Lord  in  their  trouble  :  and 
he  delivered  them  from  their  distress. 

7  He  led  them  forth  by  the  right  way  :  that  they 
might  go  to  the  city  where  they  dwelt. 

8  O  that  men  would  therefore  praise  the  Lord  for 
his  goodness  :  and  declare  the  wonders  that  he  doeth 
for  the  children  of  men  ! 

9  For  he  satisfieth  the  empty  soul  :  and  filleth  the 
hungry  soul  with  goodness. 

10  Such  as  sit  in  darkness,  and  in  the  shadow  of 
death  :  being  fast  bound  in  misery  and  iron  ; 

1 1  Because  they  rebelled  against  the  words  of  the 
Lord  :  and  lightly  regarded  the  counsel  of  the  most 
Highest ; 

12  He  also  brought  down  their  heart  through  heavi- 
ness :  they  fell  down,  and  there  was  none  to  help  them. 

13  So  when  they  cried  unto  the  Lord  in  their 
trouble  :  he  delivered  them  out  of  their  distress. 

14  For  he  brought  them  out  of  darkness,  and  out 
of  the  shadow  of  death  :  and  brake  their  bonds  in 
sunder. 

15  O  that  men  would  therefore  praise  the  Lord  for 
his  goodness  :  and  declare  the  wonders  that  he  doeth 
for  the  children  of  men  ! 

16  For  he  hath  broken  the  gates  of  brass  :  and 
smitten  the  bars  of  iron  in  sunder. 

^  Read  probably,  adding  one  letter, //owz  the  souili. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CVII  32I 

3  And  gathered  out  of  the  lands, 

from  the  east,  and  from  the  west, 
from  the  north,  and  from  the  sea  \ 

4  They  went  astray  in  the  wilderness  in  the  desert ; 

they  found  no  way  to  a  city  of  habitation. 

5  Hungry  and  thirsty, 

their  soul  fainted  in  them. 

6  Then  they  criedunto  Jehovah  in  their  trouble, 

(and)  he  delivered  them  out  of  their  distresses. 

7  And  he  made  them  to  tread  in  a  straight  way, 

that  they  might  go  to  a  city  of  hiahitation. 

8  Let  them  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  for  his  kind- 

ness, 
and  for  the  wonders  that  he  doeth  for  the  children 
of  men  ! 

9  For  he  satisfieth  the  longing  soul, 

and  filleth  the  hungry  soul  with  good. 

ID  Those  that  sat  in  darkness  and  in  deathly  gloom, 
being  bound  in  affliction  and  iron — 

1 1  Because  they  defied  the  words  of  God, 

and    contemned    the    counsel    of    the    Most 
High, 

12  So  that  he  subdued  their  heart  with  travail, 

they  stumbled,  and  there  was  none  to  help — 

13  They  cried  unto  Jehovah  in  their  trouble, 

(and)  he  saved  them  out  of  their  distresses. 

14  He  brought  them  forth  out  of  darkness  and  deathly 

gloom, 
and  burst  their  bands '"  in  sunder. 

15  Let  them  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  for  his  kind- 

ness, 
and  for  the  wonders  that  he  doeth  for  the  children 
of  men  ! 

16  For  he  brake  in  pieces  the  doors  of  bronze, 

and  hewed  the  bars  of  iron  in  sunder  ^ 

^  See  Ps.  ii.  3.  ^  From  Is.  xlv.  2. 


322  THE   PSALMS  [daY  22 

17  Foolish  men  are  plagued  for  their  offence  :  and 
because  of  their  wickedness. 

18  Their  soul  abhorred  all  manner  of  meat  :  and 
they  were  even  hard  at  death's  door. 

19  So  when  .they  cried  unto  the  Lord  in  their 
trouble  :  he  delivered  them  out  of  their  distress. 

20  He  sent  his  word,  and  healed  them  :  and  they 
were  saved  from  their  destruction. 

21  O  that  men  would  therefore  praise  the  Lord  for 
his  goodness  :  and  declare  the  wonders  that  he  doeth 
for  the  children  of  men  ! 

22  That  they  would  offer  unto  him  the  sacrifice  of 
thanksgiving  :  and  tell  out  his  works  with  gladness ! 

23  They  that  go  down  to  the  sea  in  ships  :  and 
occupy  their  business  in  great  waters ; 

24  These  men  see  the  works  of  the  Lord  :  and  his 
wonders  in  the  deep. 

25  For  at  his  word  the  stormy  wind  ariseth  :  which 
lifteth  up  the  waves  thereof. 

26  They  are  carried  up  to  the  heaven,  and  down 
again  to  the  deep  :  their  soul  melteth  away  because  of 
the  trouble. 

27  They  reel  to  and  fro,  and  stagger  like  a  drunken 
man  :  and  are  at  their  wit's  end. 

28  So  when  they  cry  unto  the  Lord  in  their  trouble  : 
he  delivereth  them  out  of  their  distress. 

29  For  he  maketh  the  storm  to  cease  :  so  that  the 
waves  thereof  are  still. 

30  Then  are  they  glad,  because  they  are  at  rest  : 
and  so  he  bringeth  them  unto  the  haven  where  they 
would  be. 

*  Read  probably,  slightly  changing  one  word,  They  that 
languish  [or,  that  are  sick]  on  account  of  the  way  of  their 
transgression,  and  are  afflicted  on  account  of  tlmr  iniquities — 

■■^  i.  e.  their  graves.     The  verses  describe  how  the   sinner, 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CVII  323 


1 7  Fools  on  account  of  the  way  of  their  transgression, 

and  on  account  of  their  iniquities,  are  afiflicted  ' : 

18  Their  soul  abhorreth  all  manner  of  food  ; 

and  they  draw  nigh  unto  the  gates  of  death. 

19  Then  they  cry  unto  Jehovah  in  their  trouble, 

(and)  he  saveth  them  out  of  their  distresses. 

20  He  sendeth  his  word,  and  healeth  them, 

and  delivereth  (them)  from  their  pits  ^ 

2 1  Let  them  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  for  his  kindness, 

and  for  the  wonders  that  he  doeth  for  the  children 
■  of  men  ! 

22  And  let  them  sacrifice  the  sacrifices  of  thanksgiving, 

and  tell  of  his  works  with  ringing  cries. 


23~They  that  go  down  to  the  sea  in  ships, 
that  do  business  in  great  waters  ; 

24  These  men  see  the  works  of  Jehovah, 

and  his  wonders  in  the  deep. 

25  For  he  commandeth,  and  causeth  a  stormy  wind 

to  arise, 
which  lifteth  up  the  waves  thereof. 

26  They  mount  up  to  the  heaven,  they  go  down  to 

the  deeps  : 
their  soul  melteth  away  because  of  trouble. 

27  They  reel  to  and  fro  and  stagger,  like  a  drunken 

man, 
and  all  their  wisdom  is  swallowed  up. 

28  Then  they  cry  unto  Jehovah  in  their  trouble, 

and  he  bringeth  them  out  of  their  distresses. 

29  He  settleth  the  storm  into  a  whisper, 

so  that  their  waves  are  silent. 

30  Then  are  they  glad,  because  they  are  calm ; 

and  he  leadeth  them  unto  the  haven  ^  of  their 
desire. 

brought  by  sickness  to  the  brink  of  the  grave,  is  saved  from 
death  by  the  divine  mercy.     Comp,  Job  xxxiii.  19-24. 

^  The  Heb.  word,  which  occurs  only  here  in  the  O.T.,  is  of 
uncertain  meaning  :  probably  either  city  or  district. 

Y  2 


324  THE   PSALMS  [day  22 

31  O  that  men  would  therefore  praise  the  Lord  for 
his  goodness  :  and  declare  the  wonders  that  he  doeth 
for  the  children  of  men  ! 

32  That  they  would  exalt  him  also  in  the  con- 
gregation of  the  people  :  and  praise  him  in  the  seat  of 
the  elders ! 

33  Who  turneth  the  floods  into  a  wilderness  :  and 
drieth  up  the  water-springs. 

34  A  fruitful  land  maketh  he  barren  :  for  the 
wickedness  of  them  that  dwell  therein. 

35  Again,  he  maketh  the  wilderness  a  standing 
water  :  and  water-springs  of  a  dry  ground. 

36  And  there  he  setteth  the  hungry  :  that  they 
may  build  them  a  city  to  dwell  in ; 

37  That  they  may  sow  their  land,  and  plant  vine- 
yards :  to  yield  them  fruits  of  increase. 

38  He  blesseth  them,  so  that  they  multiply  exceed- 
ingly :  and  suffereth  not  their  cattle  to  decrease. 

39  And  again,  when  they  are  minished,  and  brought 
low  :  through  oppression,  through  any  plague,  or 
trouble ; 

40  Though  he  suffer  them  to  be  evil  intreated 
through  tyrants  :  and  let  them  wander  out  of  the  way 
in  the  wilderness ; 

41  Yet  helpeth  he  the  poor  out  of  misery  :  and 
maketh  him  households  like  a  flock  of  sheep. 

42  The  righteous  will  consider  this,  and  rejoice  : 
and  the  mouth  of  all  wickedness  shall  be  stopped. 

43  Whoso  is  wise  will  ponder  these  things  :  and 
they  shall  understand  the  loving-kindness  of  the 
Lord. 

'  In  the  Heb.,  a  verbal  quotation  from  Job  xii.  21 «,  246, 
and  not  quite  adjusted  grammatically  to  its  new  context. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CVII  325 

31  Let  them  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  for  his  kind- 

ness, 
and  for  the  wonders  that  he  doeth  for  the  children 
of  men  ! 

32  Let  them  exalt  him  also  in  the  assembly  of  the 

people, 
and  praise  him  in  the  seat  of  the  elders. 

33  He  turheth  streams  into  a  wilderness, 

and  water-springs  into  a  thirsty  ground, 

34  A  fruitful  land  into  a  salt  waste, 

for  the  wickedness  of  them  that  dwell  therein. 

35  He  turneth  a  wilderness  into  a  pool  of  water, 

and  a  dry  land  into  water-springs  : 

36  And  there  he  maketh  the  hungry  to  dwell, 

and  they  establish  a  city  of  habitation  ; 

37  And  sow  fields,  and  plant  vineyards, 

which  yield  (them)  fruits  of  increase. 

38  He   blesseth   them   also,    so   that   they    multiply 

exceedingly, 
and  suffereth  not  their  cattle  to  decrease. 

39  And    (when)   they    are    minished,    and    brought 

low, 
through  coercion,  adversity,  and  sorrow, 

40  'He  poureth  contempt  upon  princes, 

'  and  causeth  them  to  go  astray  in  the  pathless 
waste  V 

41  And  he  setteth  the  needy  on  high  out  of  affliction, 

and  maketh  (him)  families  like  a  flock '. 

42  The  upright  see  it,  and  are  glad ; 

and  all  unrighteousness  stoppeth  her  mouth  ^ 

43  Whoso  is  wise,  let  him  observe  these  things, 

and   let   them    understand   the    kindnesses   of 
Jehovah. 

''  Cf.  Job  xxi.  ir. 

^  From  Job  xxii.  19  «..  and  v.  i6b. 


326  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  22 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  CVIII.     Paratiim  cor  memji. 

1  O  God,  my  heart  is  ready,  (my  heart  is  ready)  : 
I  will  sing  and  give  praise  with  the  best  member  that 
I  have. 

2  Awake,  thou  lute,  and  harp  :  I  myself  will  awake 
right  early. 

3  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  among  the 
people  :  I  will  sing  praises  unto  thee  among  the 
nations. 

4  For  thy  mercy  is  greater  than  the  heavens  :  and 
thy  truth  reacheth  unto  the  clouds. 

5  Set  up  thyself,  O  God,  above  the  heavens  :  and 
thy  glory  above  all  the  earth. 

6  That  thy  beloved  may  be  dehvered  :  let  thy  right 
hand  save  them,  and  hear  thou  me. 

7  God  hath  spoken  in  his  holiness  :  I  will  rejoice 
therefore,  and  divide  Sichem,  and  mete  out  the  valley 
of  Succoth. 

8  Gilead  is  mine,  and  Manasses  is  mine  :  Ephraim 
also  is  the  strength  of  my  head. 

9  Judah  is  my  law-giver,  Moab  is  my  washpot  : 
over  Edom  will  I  cast  out  my  shoe ;  upon  Philistia 
will  I  triumph. 

10  Who  will  lead  me  into  the  strong  city  :  and  who 
will  bring  me  into  Edom  ? 

1 1  Hast  not  thou  forsaken  us,  O  God  :  and  wilt  not 
thou,  O  God,  go  forth  with  our  hosts  ? 

12  O  help  us  against  the  enemy  :  for  vain  is  the 
help  of  man. 


*  Ps.  cviii.  is  a  composite  Psalm,  consisting  of  Ps.  Ivii.  7-11, 
and  Ps.  Ix.  5-12,  witli  very  slight  textual  variations. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CVIII  327 


Psalm  CVIII  \ 

1  My  heart  is  fixed,  O  God ; 

I  will  sing,  and   make  melody,  yea,  with  my 
glory. 

2  Awake,  lyre  and  harp  : 

I  will  awake  the  dawn. 

3  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  Jehovah,  among  the 

peoples ; 
and  I  will  make  melody  unto  thee  among  the 
nations. 

4  For  thy  kindness  is  great  above  the  heavens, 

and  thy  truth  (reacheth)  unto  the  skies. 

5  Be  thou  exalted,  O  God,  above  the  heavens ; 

and  (let)  thy  glory  (be)  above  all  the  earth. 

6  That  thy  beloved  ones  may  be  delivered, 

save  with  thy  right  hand,  and  answer  me. 

7  God  hath  spoken  by  his  holiness  ^  :  '  I  will  exult ; 

'  I  will  divide  Shechem,  and  mete  out  the  vale 
of  Succoth. 

8  '  Gilead  is  mine,  Manasseh  is  mine ; 

'  Ephraim  also  is  the  defence  of  my  head  ; 
*  Judah  is  my  commander's  staff. 

9  '  Moab  is  my  wash-pot ; 

'  upon  ^  Edom  will  I  cast  my  sandal  * : 
'  over  Phihstia  will  I  shout.' 

10  Who  will  conduct  me  into  the  fortified  city  ? 

who  can  lead  me  unto  Edom  ? 

1 1  Hast  not  thou  cast  us  off,  O  God  ? 

and  thou  goest  not  forth,  O  God,  with  our  hosts. 

12  O  give  us  help  against  the  adversary  : 

for  vain  is  the  salvation  of  man. 


-  See  the  note  on  Ps.  Ix.  6.  ^  Or,  iinfo. 

*  See  on  Ps.  Ix.  8. 


328  THE   PSALMS  [day  22 

13  Through  God  we  shall  do  great  acts  :  and  it  is 
he  that  shall  tread  down  our  enemies. 


Psalm  CIX.     Deus  laudem. 

1  Hold  not  thy  tongue,  O  God  of  my  praise  :  for 
the  mouth  of  the  ungodly,  yea,  the  mouth  of  the 
deceitful  is  opened  upon  me. 

2  And  they  have  spoken  against  me  with  false 
tongues  :  they  compassed  me  about  also  with  words  of 
hatred,  and  fought  against  me  without  a  cause. 

3  For  the  love  that  I  had  unto  them,  lo,  they 
take  now  my  contrary  part  :  but  I  give  myself  unto 
prayer. 

4  Thus  have  they  rewarded  me  evil  for  good  :  and 
hatred  for  my  good  will. 

5  Set  thou  an  ungodly  man  to  be  ruler  over  him  : 
and  let  Satan  stand  at  his  right  hand. 

6  When  sentence  is  given  upon  him,  let  him  be 
condemned  :  and  let  his  prayer  be  turned  into  sin. 

7  Let  his  days  be  few  :  and  let  another  take  his 
office. 

8  Let  his  children  be  fatherless  :  and  his  wife 
a  widow. 

9  Let  his  children  be  vagabonds,  and  beg  their 
bread  :  let  them  seek  it  also  out  of  desolate  places. 

10  Let  the  extortioner  consume  all  that  he  hath  : 
and  let  the  stranger  spoil  his  labour. 

1 1  Let  there  be  no  man  to  pity  him  :  nor  to  have 
compassion  upon  his  fatherless  children. 


1  Read  probably,  with  other  vowels,  of  wi  kedness. 

2  Or,  accuse  me  ;  cf.  v.  6,  and  see  the  note  on  xxxviii.  20. 
^  Syr.,  and  some  moderns,  recompensed  me  (xciv.  231. 

*  Or,  a  {malicious)  opposer.  ^  Or,  plcadeth  in  judgement. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CIX  329 


13  Through  God  we  shall  do  valiantly  ; 

and  he  will  tread  down  our  adversaries. 


Psalm  CIX. 

1  Keep  not  silence,  O  God  of  my  praise  : 

2  For  the  mouth  of  the  wicked  '  and  the  mouth  of 

deceit  have  they  opened  against  me  ; 
they  have  spoken  with  me  with  a  lying  tongue. 

3  They  have  compassed  me  about  also  with  words 

of  hatred, 
and  fought  against  me  without  a  cause. 

4  In  return  for  my  love  they  (maliciously)  oppose 

me  ^ : 
but  I  am  (given  unto)  prayer. 

5  And  they  have  laid  upon  me  ^  evil  for  good, 

and  hatred  for  my  love. 

6  Set  thou  a  wicked  man  over  him  ; 

and  let  an  accuser*  stand  at  his  right  hand. 

7  When  he  is  judged  ^  let  him  come  forth  guilty ; 

and  let  his  prayer  become  sin. 

8  Let  his  days  be  few  ; 

let  another  take  his  office ". 

9  Let  his  children  be  fatherless, 

and  his  wife  a  widow. 

10  Let  his  children  be  vagabonds,  and  beg; 

and  let  them  seek  after  (their  bread; '  out  of*  their 
desolate  places  ^. 

1 1  Let  the  creditor  ensnare  all  that  he  hath  ; 

and  let  strangers  take  his  labour  for  a  prey. 

12  Let  him  have  none  to  continue  kindness  (to  him) ; 

neither  let  his  fatherless  children  have  any  to  be 
gracious  (to  them). 

^  Or,  ihaf  ivhich  he  hath  laid  up  (Is.  xv.  7). 
'   Let  them  be  driven   (without  'and'j,   Sept.,   and  several 
moderns.  "  Or,  away  ft  om. 

'^  i.  e.  their  ruined  homes. 


330  THE   PSALMS  [daY  22 

12  Let  his  posterity  be  destroyed  :  and  in  the  next 
generation  let  his  name  be  clean  put  out. 

13  Let  the  wickedness  of  his  fathers  be  had  in 
remembrance  in  the  sight  of  the  Lord  :  and  let  not 
the  sin  of  his  mother  be  done  away. 

14  Let  them  alway  be  before  the  Lord  :  that  he 
may  root  out  the  memorial  of  them  from  off  the 
earth ; 

1 5  And  that,  because  his  mind  was  not  to  do  good  : 
but  persecuted  the  poor  helpless  man,  that  he  might 
slay  him  that  was  vexed  at  the  heart. 

16  His  delight  was  in  cursing,  and  it  shall  happen 
unto  him  :  he  loved  not  blessing,  therefore  shall  it  be 
far  from  him. 

17  He  clothed  himself  with  cursing,  like  as  with 
a  raiment  :  and  it  shall  come  into  his  bowels  like 
water,  and  like  oil  into  his  bones. 

18  Let  it  be  unto  him  as  the  cloke  that  he  hath 
upon  him  :  and  as  the  girdle  that  he  is  alway  girded 
withal. 

19  Let  it  thus  happen  from  the  Lord  unto  mine 
enemies  :  and  to  those  that  speak  evil  against  my 
soul. 

20  But  deal  thou  with  me,  O  Lord  God,  according 
unto  thy  Name  :  for  sweet  is  thy  mercy. 

2 1  O  deliver  me,  for  I  am  helpless  and  poor  :  and 

my  heart  is  wounded  within  me. 

22  I  go  hence  like  the  shadow  that  departeth  :  and 
am  driven  away  as  the  grasshopper. 

^  Lit.  latter  end;  cf.  xxxvii.  37,  38. 

^  Or,  and  was  for  slaying  him  that  was  coived  in  heart. 
3  The  Psalmist  describes  the  future  retribution  of  the  perse- 
cutor, as  if  it  were  ah-eady  accomplished.     With  other  vowels, 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CIX  331 


13  Let  his  posterity '  be  for  cutting  off; 

in  the  next  generation  let  their  name  be  blotted 
out. 

14  Let   the   iniquity    of  his   fathers    be   brought   to 

remembrance  unto  Jehovah  ; 
and  let  not  the  sin  of  his  mother  be  blotted  out. 

15  Let  them  be  in  the  sight  of  Jehovah  continually, 

that  he  may  cut   off  their   memory  from   the 
earth. 

16  Because  he  remembered  not  to  do  kindness, 

but  persecuted  the  poor  and  needy  man, 

and  him  that  was  cowed  in  heart,  to  slay  (them)  ^. 

17  Yea,  he  loved  cursing,  and  it  is  come  ^  unto  him  ; 

and  he  delighted  not  in  blessing,  and  it  is  far ' 
from  him  ; 

18  He    clothed    himself    with    cursing   as    with     his 

raiment, 
and  it  is  come  ^  into  his  inward  parts  like  water, 
and  like  oil  into  his  bones. 
!9   Let   it   be   unto   him   as  the  garment  which  he 

putteth  on, 
and   for   the   girdle    that   he   is   alway    girded 

withal. 

20  These  be  the  wages  of  my  (malicious)  opposers  * 

from  Jehovah, 
and  of  those  that  speak  evil  against  my  soul. 

21  But  thou,  O  Jehovah  Lord,  work  thou  with  me^ 

for  thy  name's  sake  ; 
because  thy  kindness  is  good,  deliver  me, 

22  For  I  am  poor  and  needy, 

and  my  heart  is  wounded  within  me. 

23  I  am  gone  like  a  shadow  when  it  is  stretched  out : 

I  am  shaken  off  like  a  locust. 

the  verbs  might  be  rendered,  so  may  it  come,  so  may  it  he  far  ; 
or  (Sept.,  Vulg.,  cf.  'P. ^.V.),  and  it  shall  come,  and  it  shall  be  far. 

*  Or,  accusers. 

*  i.e.  on  my  behalf;  cf.  Ez.  xx.  44,  Jer.  xiv.  7. 


332  THE   PSALMS  [day  23 

23  My  knees  are  weak  through  fasting  :  my  flesh  is 
dried  up  for  want  of  fatness. 

24  I  became  also  a  reproach  unto  them  :  they  that 
looked  upon  me  shaked  their  heads. 

25  Help  me,  O  Lord  my  God  :  O  save  me  according 
to  thy  mercy ; 

26  And  they  shall  know,  how  that  this  is  thy  hand  : 
and  that  thou.  Lord,  hast  done  it. 

27  Though  they  curse,  yet  bless  thou  :  and  let  them 
be  confounded  that  rise  up  against  me ;  but  let  thy 
servant  rejoice. 

28  Let  mine  adversaries  be  clothed  with  shame  :  and 
let  them  cover  themselves  with  their  own  confusion,  as 
with  a  cloke. 

29  As  for  me,  I  will  give  great  thanks  unto  the  Lord 
with  my  mouth  :  and  praise  him  among  the  multitude: 

30  For  he  shall  stand  at  the  right  hand  of  the  poor  : 
to  save  his  soul  from  unrighteous  judges. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CX.     Dixit  Dominus. 

1  The  Lord  said  unto  my  Lord  :  Sit  thou  on  my 
right  hand,  until  I  make  thine  enemies  thy  footstool. 

2  The  Lord  shall  send  the  rod  of  thy  power  out  of 
Sion  :  be  thou  ruler,  even  in  the  midst  among  thine 
enemies. 

3  In  the  day  of  thy  power  shall  the  people  offer 
thee  free-will  offerings  with  an  holy  worship  :  the  dew 
of  thy  birth  is  of  the  womb  of  the  morning. 

*  Sept.,  Vulg.  (cf.  P.B.V.)  have,  ihey  that  rise  tip  against  me 
{sliall,  Sec).  "^  Or.  accusers. 

^  Vis.  as  warriors  ;  cf.  Jud.  v.  2.  Heb.  are  ivillingnesscs 
(intensive  plural). 

*  Or,  of  thy  host  ;  in  either  case  the  meaning  being,  on  the 
day  when  thy  forces  muster  for  battle. 

Symm.,  Jer.,  and  many  Heb.  MSS.  read,  very  probably 


b 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CX  333 

24  My  knees  stumble  from  fasting  ; 

and  my  flesh  is  lean,  (and  hath)  no  fatness. 

25  And  I — I  am  become  a  reproach  unto  them  ; 

when  they  see  me,  they  shake  their  head. 

26  Help  me,  Jehovah,  my  God, 

O  save  me  according  to  thy  kindness  ; 

27  And  let  them  know  that  this  is  thy  hand, 

(and  that)  thou,  Jehovah,  hast  done  it. 

28  They  may  curse,  but  thou  dost  bless  ; 

when  they  arise  S  they  shall  be  put  to  shame, 
but  thy  servant  shall  be  glad. 

29  My  (malicious)  opposers  ^  shall  be  clothed  with 

confusion, 
and  shall  put  on  their  shame  as  a  robe. 

30  I  will  give  great  thanksuntojehovahwithmymouth; 

and  praise  him  in  the  midst  of  many  : 

31  Because  he  standeth  at  the  right  hand  of  the  needy, 

to  save  him  from  them  that  judge  his  soul. 


Psalm  CX. 

1  Saith  Jehovah  to  my  lord :  'Sit  thou  at  my  right  hand, 

'  until  I  make  thine  enemies  thy  footstool.' 

2  The  sceptre  of  thy  strength  shall  Jehovah  stretch 

forth  out  of  Zion  (,  saying) : 
'  rule  thou  in  the  midst  of  thine  enemies.' 

3  Thy  people  offer  themselves  willingly  ^  in  the  day 

of  thy  power  * ; 
in  holy  state  ^  from  the  womb  of  the  dawn, 
thine  is  the  dew  of  thy  young  men  ^ 

rightly,  with  the  slightest  possible  change  in  one  letter,  on 
the  holy  mountains. 

®  The  verse  describes  how  the  king  is  enabled  to  carry  into 
effect  the  commission  of  t;.  2  :  in  stately  array  [or,  with  the 
other  reading,  on  the  mountains  near  Jerusalem],  fresh  and 
numerous  as  the  dewdrops  in  the  early  dawn,  his  young 
warriors  press  forward  in  his  service. 


334  THE  PSALMS  [day  23 

4  The  Lord  sware,  and  will  not  repent  :  Thou  art 
a  Priest  for  ever  after  the  order  of  Melchisedech. 

5  The  Lord  upon  thy  right  hand  :  shall  wound 
even  kings  in  the  day  of  his  wrath. 

6  He  shall  judge  among  the  heathen ;  he  shall  fill 
the  places  with  the  dead  bodies  :  and  smite  in  sunder 
the  heads  over  divers  countries. 

7  He  shall  drink  of  the  brook  in  the  way  :  therefore 
shall  he  lift  up  his  head. 


Psalm  CXI.     Confitelwr  tibi. 

I  I  will  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord  with  my  whole 
heart  :  secretly  among  the  faithful,  and  in  the  con- 
gregation. 


2  The  works  of  the  Lord  are  great  :  sought  out  of 
all  them  that  have  pleasure  therein. 

3  His  work  is  worthy  to  be  praised,  and  had  in 
honour  :  and  his  righteousness  endureth  for  ever. 

4  The  merciful  and  gracious  Lord  hath  so  done 
his  marvellous  works  :  that  they  ought  to  be  had  in 
remembrance. 

5  He  hath  given  meat  unto  them  that  fear  him  :  he 
shall  ever  be  mindful  of  his  covenant. 

6  He  hath  shewed  his  people  the  power  of  his 
works  :  that  he  may  give  them  the  heritage  of  the 
heathen. 


*  i.  e.  as  king  and  priest  at  once  (Gen.  xiv.  18). 
/  Vv.  5,  6  describe  the  successes  won  by  the  king  against 
his  enemies. 

^  The  corpses  of  the  defeated  enemy  cover  the  plain. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXI  335 


4  Jehovah  hath  sworn,  and  will  not  repent  : 

'  Thou  art  a  priest  for  ever 

'  after  the  manner  of  Melchizedek  '.' 

5  The  ^  Lord  upon  thy  right  hand 

shattereth  kings  in  the  day  of  his  anger. 

6  He  shall  judge  among  the  nations, 

he  fiUeth  (the  places)  with  the  dead  bodies ; 
he  shattereth  the  heads  in  pieces  over  a  wide 
country  '■\ 

7  He  shall  drink  of  the' torrent  in  the  way  : 

therefore  shall  he  lift  up  the  head  *. 


Psalm  CXI. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  ^. 

(n)  I  will  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah  with  my  whole 

heart, 
(3)      in  the  council "  of  the   upright,  and  in  the 

congregation. 

2  (3)  The  works  of  Jehovah  are  great, 

(l)      (they  are)  sought  out  '^  by  all  them  that  have 
delight  therein. 

3  (n)  His  work  is  majesty  and  state  ; 

(1)      and  his  righteousness  standeth  fast  for  ever. 

4  (r)  A  memorial  hath   he    made  for  his  wondrous 

works  ^ : 
(n)      Jehovah  is  gracious  and  full  of  compassion. 

5  (u)  He  hath  given  food  unto  them  that  fear  him  : 

i^)      he  will  remember  his  covenant  for  ever. 

6  (3)  The  power  of  his  works  hath  he  declared  to  his 
people, 

in  giving  them  the  inheritance  of  the  nations. 


(i-) 


*  The  king,  exhausted  by  the  pursuit,  stops  to  refresh  him- 
self at  a  torrent  by  the  way.  ^  Heb.  Hallelujah. 
^  Or,  confidential  gaihcring.  '  Or,  studied. 
°  i.e.  He  has  caused  their  memory  to  be  perpetuated. 


33^  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  23 

7  The  works  of  his  hands  are  verity  and  judge- 
ment :  all  his  commandments  are  true. 

8  They  stand  fast  for  ever  and  ever  :  and  are  done 
in  truth  and  equity. 

9  He  sent  redemption  unto  his  people  :  he  hath 
commanded  his  covenant  for  ever;  holy  and  reverend 
is  his  Name. 

10  The  fear  of  the  Lord  is  the  beginning  of  wisdom  : 
a  good  understanding  have  all  they  that  do  thereafter; 
the  praise  of  it  endureth  for  ever. 


Psalm  CXI  I.     Beatus  vir. 

1  Blessed  is  the  man  that  feareth  the  Lord  :  he 
hath  great  delight  in  his  commandments. 

2  His    seed    shall   be    mighty   upon    earth    :   the 
generation  of  the  faithful  shall  be  blessed. 

3  Riches  and  plenteousness  shall  be  in  his  house  : 
and  his  righteousness  endureth  for  ever. 

4  Unto   the    godly   there   ariseth   up   light   in   the 
darkness  :  he  is  merciful,  loving,  and  righteous. 

5  A  good  man  is  merciful,  and  lendeth  :  and  will 
guide  his  words  with  discretion. 

6  For  he  shall  never  be  moved  :  and  the  righteous 
shall  be  had  in  everlasting  remembrance. 


'  Heb.  thetn  {i.e.  the  'precepts'  oivv.  7,  8). 

^  Heb.  Hallelujah.  ^  Or,  in  the  land. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXII  337 

7  (o)  The  works  of  his  hands  are  truth  and  judge- 

ment ; 
(3)      all  his  precepts  are  trustworthy  : 

8  (d)  (They  are)  established  for  ever  and  ever, 
(y)      (they  are)  done  in  truth  and  uprightness. 

9  (2)  He  hath  sent  ransoming  unto  his  people ; 

(V)      he  hath  commanded  his  covenant  for  ever  ; 
(p)      holy  and  terrible  is  his  name. 
10  (1)  The    fear    of   Jehovah    is   the    beginning    of 

wisdom ; 
(c)      good  understanding  have  all  they  that  do 

thereafter ' ; 
(n)      his  praise  standeth  fast  for  ever. 


Psalm  CXII. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  ^. 

(n)  Happy  is  the  man  that  feareth  Jehovah, 

(n)       that  delighteth  greatly  in  his  commandments. 

2  (j)  His  seed  shall  be  mighty  upon  earth  ^ ; 

(n)      the    generation    of    the    upright    shall     be 
blessed. . 

3  (n)  Wealth  and  riches  are  in  his  house ; 

(1)      and  his  righteousness  standeth  fast  for  ever. 

4  (t)  Unto  them  that  are  upright  there  shineth  *  a 

Light  in  the  darkness, 
(n)      gracious  and  full  of  compassion,  and  righteous. 

5  (£3)  Well  is  it  with  the  man  that  dealeth  graciously, 

and  lendeth ; 
(>)      he  will  maintain  his  cause''  in  judgement. 

6  (d)  For  he  shall  never  be  moved ; 

(b)      the   righteous   shall   be    had   in   everlasting 
remembrance. 


*  The  word  is  used  regularly  of  the  rising  sun. 

*  Lit.  his  luoids,  i.  e.  his  pleadings  ;  cf.  Josh.  xx.  4,  Heb, 


333  THE   PSALMS  [day  23 

7  He  will  not  be  afraid  of  any  evil  tidings  :  for  his 
heart  standeth  fast,  and  believeth  in  the  Lord. 

8  His  heart  is  established,  and  will  not  shrink  : 
until  he  see  his  desire  upon  his  enemies. 

9  He  hath  dispersed  abroad,  and  given  to  the  poor  : 
and  his  righteousness  remaineth  for  ever ;  his  horn 
shall  be  exalted  with  honour. 

10  The  ungodly  shall  see  it,  and  it  shall  grieve  him  : 
he  shall  gnash  with  his  teeth,  and  consume  away ;  the 
desire  of  the  ungodly  shall  perish. 

Psalm  CXHI.     Laudate,  pueri. 

1  Praise  the  Lord,  ye  servants  :  O  praise  the  Name 
of  the  Lord. 

2  Blessed  be  the  Name  of  the  Lord  :  from  this 
time  forth  for  evermore. 

3  The  Lord's  Name  is  praised  :  from  the  rising  up 
of  the  sun  unto  the  going  down  of  the  same. 

4  The  Lord  is  high  above  all  heathen  :  and  his 
glory  above  the  heavens. 

5  Who  is  like  unto  the  Lord  our  God,  that  hath  his 
dwelling  so  high  :  and  yet  humbleth  himself  to  behold 
the  things  that  are  in  heaven  and  earth  ? 

6  He  taketh  up  the  simple  out  of  the  dust  :  and 
lifteth  the  poor  out  of  the  mire  ; 

7  That  he  may  set  him  with  the  princes  :  even  with 
the  princes  of  his  people. 

8  He  maketh  the  barren  woman  to  keep  house  : 
and  to  be  a  joyful  mother  of  children. 


'  i.e.  stedfast  (Ivii.  7).  ^  Heb.  HaUchijah. 

^  Heb.  maketh  high  to  sit. 


BOOK  v]         PSALM   CXIII  339 

7  (o)  He  will  not  be  afraid  of  evil  tidings  ; 

(3)      his  heart  is  fixed  \  trusting  in  Jehovah. 

8  (d)  His  heart  is  established,  he  vi^ill  not  be  afraid, 
(y)      until  he  see  (his  desire)  upon  his  adversaries. 

9  (a)  He  hath  dispersed,  he  hath  given  to  the  needy  ; 
(^)      his  righteousness  standeth  fast  for  ever ; 

(p)      his  horn  shall  be  exalted  in  glory. 
10  ("i)  The  wicked  shall  see,  and  be  vexed  ; 

l^)       he  shall  gnash  with  his  teeth,  and  melt  away; 
(n)      the  desire  of  the  wicked  shall  perish. 

Psalm  CXHI. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  '. 
Praise,  O  ye  servants  of  Jehovah, 

praise  the  name  of  Jehovah. 

2  Blessed  be  the  name  of  Jehovah 

from  this  time  forth  and  for  ever. 

3  From  the  rising  of  the  sun  unto  the  going  down 

of  the  same 
Jehovah's  name  is  to  be  praised. 

4  Jehovah  is  high  above  all  nations, 

his  glory  is  above  the  heavens. 

5  Who  is  like  unto  Jehovah  our  God, 

who  sitteth  (throned)  on  high ', 

6  Who  stoopeth  to  look  * 

upon  the  heavens  and  upon  the  earth  ? 

7  Who  raiseth  up  the  poor  out  of  the  dust, 

and  lifteth  up  the  needy  from  the  dunghill ; 

8  To  make  him  sit  with  nobles, 

even  with  the  nobles  of  his  people  : 

9  Who  maketh  the  barren  housewife  to  dwell, 

as  a  joyful  mother  of  children. 
Praise  ye  Jah  ^ 

*  Heb.  maketh  low  io  look. 
Z  2 


340  THE  PSALMS  [day  23 

E  VENING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CXIV.     In  exitu  Israel. 

1  When  Israel  came  out  of  Egypt  :  and  the  house 
of  Jacob  from  among  the  strange  people, 

2  Judah  was  his  sanctuary  :  and  Israel   his   do- 
minion. 

3  The  sea  saw  that,  and  fled  :  Jordan  was  driven 
back. 

4  The  mountains  skipped  like  rams  :  and  the  little 
hills  like  young  sheep. 

5  What  aileth  thee,  O  thou  sea,  that  thou  fleddest  : 
and  thou  Jordan,  that  thou  wast  driven  back  ? 

6  Ye  mountains,  that  ye  skipped  like  rams  :  and  ye 
little  hills,  like  young  sheep  ? 

7  Tremble,  thou  earth,  at  the  presence  of  the  Lord  : 
at  the  presence  of  the  God  of  Jacob ; 

8  Who  turned  the  hard  rock  into  a  standing  water  : 
and  the  flint-stone  into  a  springing  well. 


Psalm  CXV.     Non  nobis,  Domine. 

1  Not  unto  us,  O  Lord,  not  unto  us,  but  unto  thy 
Name  give  the  praise  :  for  thy  loving  mercy,  and  for 
thy  truth's  sake. 

2  Wherefore  shall  the  heathen  say  :  Where  is  now 
their  God  ? 

3  As  for  our  God,  he  is  in  heaven  :  he  hath  done 

whatsoever  pleased  hfm.  - 

^  Ps.  CXV,  is  a  liturgical  Psalm  ;  and  seems  designed  to  be 
sung  antiphonally.   It  may  be  distributed  conjecturally  between 


BOOK  v]  PSALMS    CXIV,    CXV  34I 


Psalm  CXIV. 

1  When  Israel  came  forth  out  of  Egypt, 

the  house  of  Jacob  from  a  people  of  unintelligible 
speech, 

2  Judah  became  his  sanctuary, 

Israel  his  dominion. 

3  The  sea  saw  it,  and  fled  ; 

Jordan  turned  backward : 

4  The  mountains  skipped  like  rams, 
•    the  hills  like  young  sheep. 

5  What  aileth  thee,  O  thou  sea,  that  thou  fleest  ? 

thou  Jordan,  that  thou  turnest  backward  ? 

6  Ye  mountains,  that  ye  skip  like  rams  ? 

ye  hills,  like  young  sheep  ? 

7  Be   in    pangs,  O  earth,  at   the   presence   of  the 

Lord, 
at  the  presence  of  the  God  of  Jacob ; 

8  Who  turned  the  rock  into  a  pool  of  water, 

the  flint  into  a  fountain  of  waters. 


Psalm  CXV\ 

(The  congregation.') 

1  Not  unto  US,  Jehovah,  not  unto  us, 

but  unto  thy  name  give  glory, 

because  of  thy  kindness,  because  oi  thy  truth. 

2  Wherefore  should  the  nations  say, 

'  Where,  pray,  is  their  God  ? ' 

3  But  our  God  is  in  heaven  : 

he  hath  done  whatsoever  pleased  him. 

different  speakers,  in  the  manner  indicated  in  the  text. 


342  THE   PSALMS  [day  23 

4  Their  idols  are  silver  and  gold  :  even  the  work  of 
men's  hands. 

5  They  have  mouths,  and  speak  not  :  eyes  have 
they,  and  see  not. 

6  They  have  ears,  and  hear  not  :  noses  have  they, 
and  smell  not. 

7  They  have  hands,  and  handle  not ;  feet  have 
they,  and  walk  not  :  neither  speak  they  through  their 
throat. 

8  They  that  make  them  are  like  unto  them  :  and 
so  are  all  such  as  put  their  trust  in  them. 


9  But  (thou,  house  of)  Israel,  trust  thou  in  the  Lord 
he  is  their  succour  and  defence. 


10  Ye  house  of  Aaron,  put  your  trust  in  the  Lord  : 
he  is  their  helper  and  defender. 


II  Ye  that  fear  the  Lord,  put  your  trust  in  the 
I^ord  :  he  is  their  helper  and  defender. 


12  The  Lord  hath  been  mindful  of  us,  and  he  shall 
bless  us  :  even  he  shall  bless  the  house  of  Israel,  he 
shall  bless  the  house  of  Aaron. 

13  He  shall  bless  them  that  fear  the  Lord  :  both 
small  and  great. 

14  The  Lord  shall  increase  you  more  and  more  : 
you  and  your  children. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXV  343 

4  Their  idols  are  silver  and  gold, 

the  work  of  men's  hands. 

5  They  have  mouths,  and  speak  not ; 

eyes  have  they,  and  see  not : 

6  They  have  ears,  and  hear  not : 

noses  have  they,  and  smell  not : 

7  Their  hands — they  feel  not : 

their  feet- — they  walk  not : 

neither  give  they  any  sound  '  with  their  throat. 

8  They  that  make  them  shall  become  like  unto  them, 

(yea,)  every  one  that  trusteth  in  them. 

(A  LevHe.) 

9  O  Israel,  trust  thou  in  Jehovah  ! 

{The  whole  choir.) 

He  is  their  help  and  their  shield  ! 

{A  Levtte.) 

10  O  house  of  Aaron,  trust  ye  in  Jehovah  ! 

(  The  ivhole  choir ^ 

He  is  their  help  and  their  shield  ! 

{A  Leviie.) 

1 1  Ye  that  fear  Jehovah,  trust  in  Jehovah  ! 

( The  whole  choir.) 

He  is  their  help  and  their  shield  ! 

{A  pi-iest.) 

12  Jehovah  hath  remembered  us,  he  will  bless  (us)  : 

he  will  bless  the  house  of  Israel ; 
he  will  bless  the  house  of  Aaron  : 

13  He  will  bless  them  that  fear  Jehovah, 

both  small  and  great. 

14  Jehovah  add  to  you, 

to  you  and  to  your  children. 

'  Or,  murmur  (or  mutter')  they. 


344  THE  PSALMS  [day  24 

15  Ye  are  the  blessed  of  the  Lord  :  who  made 
heaven  and  earth. 

16  All  the  whole  heavens  are  the  Lord's  :  the  earth 
hath  he  given  to  the  children  of  men. 

17  The  dead  praise  not  thee,  O  Lord  :  neither  all 
they  that  go  down  into  silence. 

18  But  we  will  praise  the  Lord  :  from  this  time 
forth  for  evermore.     Praise  the  Lord. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CXVI.     Dilexi,  quoniavi. 

1  I  am  well  pleased  :  that  the  Lord  hath  heard  the 
voice  of  my  prayer  ; 

2  That  he  hath  inclined  his  ear  unto  me  :  therefore 
will  I  call  upon  him  as  long  as  I  live. 

3  The  snares  of  death  compassed  me  round  about : 
and  the  pains  of  hell  gat  hold  upon  me. 

4  I  shall  iind  trouble  and  heaviness,  and  I  will  call 
upon  the  Name  of  the  Lord  :  O  Lord,  I  beseech  thee, 
deliver  my  soul. 

5  Gracious  is  the  Lord,  and  righteous  :  yea,  our 
God  is  merciful. 

6  The  Lord  preserveth  the  simple  :  I  was  in  misery, 
and  he  helped  me. 

7  Turn  again  then  unto  thy  rest,  O  my  soul  :  for 
the  Lord  hath  rewarded  thee. 

8  And  why  ?  thou  hast  delivered  my  soul  from 
death  :  mine  eyes  from  tears,  and  my  feet  from 
falling. 

1  Heb.  Hallelujah. 

^  The  Heb.  is  peculiar.    Read  perhaps,  I  believe  that  Jehovah 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXVI  345 


15  Blessed  be  ye  of  Jehovah, 

the  maker  of  heaven  and  earth. 

{The  congregation.') 

16  The  heavens  are  heavens  for  Jehovah  : 

but  the  earth  hath  he  given  to  the  children  of 
men. 

1 7  The  dead  praise  not  Jah, 

neither  all  they  that  go  down  into  stillness  ; 

18  But  7ve  will  bless  Jah 

from  this  time  forth  and  for  ever. 
Praise  ye  Jah  \ 


Psalm  CXVI. 

1  I  love  that  Jehovah  should  hear^ 

my  voice,  (even)  my  supplications. 

2  For  he  hath  inclined  his  ear  unto  me, 

and  I  will  call  (upon  him)  all  my  days. 

3  The  nooses  of  death  encompassed  me, 

and  the  straits  of  Sheol  gat  hold  upon  me  ^ ; 
I  found  trouble  and  sorrow. 

4  But  I  called  upon  the  name  of  Jehovah  : 

'  I  beseech  thee,  Jehovah,  deliver  my  soul.' 

5  Jehovah  is  gracious,  and  righteous ; 

yea,  our  God  is  compassionate. 

6  Jehovah  preserveth  the  simple  : 

I  was  brought  low,  and  he  saved  me. 

7  Return,  O  my  soul,  unto  thy  rest ; 

for  Jehovah  hath  dealt  bountifully  with  thee. 

8  For  thou  hast  rescued  ray  soul  from  death, 

mine  eye  from  tears, 
my  feet  from  thrusts  ^ 

will  hear.  "   }ieb.  found  me. 

*  Cf.  Ps.  Ivi.  13. 


346  THE   PSALMS  [day  24 

9  I  will  walk  before  the  Lord  :  in  the  land  of  the 
living. 

10  I  believed,  and  therefore  will  I  speak  ;  but  I  was 
sore  troubled  :  I  said  in  my  haste,  All  men  are  liars. 


1 1  What  reward  shall  I  give  unto  the  Lord  ;  for  all 
the  benefits  that  he  hath  done  unto  me  ? 

12  I  will  receive  the  cup  of  salvation  :  and  call 
upon  the  Name  of  the  Lord. 

13  I  will  pay  my  vows  now  in  the  presence  of  all 
his  people  :  right  dear  in  the  sight  of  the  Lord  is  the 
death  of  his  saints. 


14  Behold,  O  Lord,  how  that  I  am  thy  servant  : 
I  am  thy  servant,  and  the  son  of  thine  handmaid ; 
thou  hast  broken  my  bonds  in  sunder. 

15  I  will  offer  to  thee  the  sacrifice  of  thanksgiving  : 
and  will  call  upon  the  Name  of  the  Lord. 

16  I  will  pay  my  vows  unto  the  Lord,  in  the  sight 
of  all  his  people  :  in  the  courts  of  the  Lord's  house, 
even  in  the  midst  of  thee,  O  Jerusalem.  Praise  the 
Lord. 


Psalm  CXVIL     Laudate  Dotfiimim. 

1  O  praise  the  Lord,  all  ye  heathen  :  praise  him,  all 
ye  nations. 

2  For  his  merciful  kindness  is  ever  more  and  more 
towards  us  :  and  the  truth  of  the  Lord  endureth  for 
ever.     Praise  the  Lord. 

'  Or,  of  life.     Cf.  Ps.  Ivi.  13. 

^  Or,   /  believed,  though  I  spake,   (saying,)    '/  am  greatly 
ajfticted^  (Though)  I  said.      The  passage  is  obscure  ;  and  its 


BOOK  v]  PSALM  CXVII  347 

9  I  shall  walk  before  Jehovah 
in  the  lands  of  the  living  \ 

TO  I  believe,  for  I  will  speak: 

I  was  greatly  afflicted  ; 
III  said  ^  in  my  alarm  ^, 

'  All  men  are  liars  *.' 

12  How  can  I  repay  unto  Jehovah 

all  his  bountiful  dealings  toward  me  ? 

13  I  will  take  the  cup  of  salvations, 

and  call  upon  the  name  of  Jehovah  : 

14  My  vows  I  will  pay  unto  Jehovah, 

in  the  presence  of  all  his  people  I  will   (pay 
them). 

15  Precious  in  the  sight  of  Jehovah 

is  the  death  of  his  godly  ones. 

16  I  beseech  thee,  Jehovah,  for  I  am  thy  servant ; 

I  am  thy  servant,  the  son  of  thine  handmaid  \ 
thou  hast  loosed  my  thongs. 

17  I  will  sacrifice  to  thee  the  sacrifice  of  thanksgiving, 

and  call  upon  the  name  of  Jehovah  : 

18  My  vows  I  will  pay  unto  Jehovah, 

in  the  presence  of  all  his  people  I  will  (pay  them), 

19  In  the  courts  of  Jehovah's  house, 

in  the  midst  of  thee,  O  Jerusalem. 
Praise  ye  Jah*. 


Psalm  CXVII. 

1  O  praise  Jehovah,  all  ye  nations  ; 

laud  him,  all  ye  peoples. 

2  For  his  kindness  is  mighty  over  us  ^ ; 

and  the  truth  of  Jehovah  (endureth)  for  ever. 
Praise  ye  Jah  ®. 

exact  meaning  is  uncertain.  '  Cf.  Ps.  xxxi.  22. 

*  t.  e.  a  deceptive  help  ;  cf.  Ps.  Ixii.  9. 
=   Heb.  Hallelujah.  »  Cf.  Ps.  ciii,  it. 


348  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  24 


Psalm  CXVIII.     Cowfitejiiini  Domino. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  for  he  is  gracious  : 
because  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

2  Let   Israel   now  confess,  (that  he  is  gracious  :  and) 

that  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

3  Let  the  house  of  Aaron  now  confess  :  that  his 
mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

4  Yea,  let  them  now  that  fear  the  Lord  confess  : 
that  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

5  I  called  upon  the  Lord  in  trouble  :  and  the  Lord 
heard  me  at  large. 

6  The  Lord  is  on  my  side  :  I  will  not  fear  what 
man  doeth  unto  me. 

7  The  Lord  taketh  my  part  with  them  that  help  me  : 
therefore  shall  I  see  my  desire  upon  mine  enemies. 

8  It  is  better  to  trust  in  the  Lord  :  than  to  put  any 
confidence  in  man. 

9  It  is  better  to  trust  in  the  Lord  :  than  to  put  any 
confidence  in  princes. 

10  All  nations  compassed  me  round  about  :  but  in 
the  Name  of  the  Lord  will  I  destroy  them. 

11  They  kept  me  in  on  every  side,  they  kept  me 
in,  I  say,  on  every  side  :  but  in  the  Name  of  the  Lord 
will  I  destroy  them. 

12  They  came  about  me  like  bees,  and  are  extinct 
even  as  the  fire  among  the  thorns  :  for  in  the  Name  of 
the  Lord  I  will  destroy  them. 

13  Thou  hast  thrust  sore  at  me,  that  I  might  fall  : 
but  the  Lord  was  my  help. 


'  Ps.  cxviii.  seems  designed  to  be  sung  antiphonally;  and  it 
may  be  distributed  conjecturally  between  different  speakers 
in  the  manner  shown.  The  procession,  as  it  approaclies  the 
Temple,  speaking  in  the  name  of  the  nation,  expresses  trium- 


BOOK  v]  PSALM  CXVIII  349 


Psalm  CXVIII  \ 

{Procession  approaching  the  Temple.) 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  for  he  is  good, 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

2  Let  Israel,  now,  say, 

that  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

3  Let  the  house  of  Aaron,  now,  say, 

that  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

4  Let  them  that  fear  Jehovah,  now,  say, 

that  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

5  Out  of  (my)  straits  I  called  upon  Jah  : 

Jah  answered  me  (and  set  me)  in  a  broad  placed 

6  Jehovah  is  for  me  ;  I  will  not  fear  : 

what  can  man  do  unto  me  ^  ? 

7  Jehovah  is  for  me  as  my  Helper  * ; 

and  /  shall  see  (my  desire)  upon   them  that 
hate  me. 

8  It  is  better  to  take  refuge  in  Jehovah 

than  to  trust  in  man. 

9  It  is  better  to  take  refuge  in  Jehovah 

than  to  trust  in  princes. 

10  All  nations  compass  me  about : 

in  the  name  of  Jehovah  I  will  mow  them  down. 

11  They  compass  me  about,  yea,  they  compass  me 

about : 
in  the  name  of  Jehovah  I  will  mow  them  down. 

12  They  compass  me  about  like  bees  ; 

they  are  extinguished  as  the  fire  of  thorns  : 

in  the  name  of  Jehovah  I  will  mow  them  down. 

13  Thou  hast  thrust  sore  at  me,  that  I  might  fall : 

but  Jehovah  helped  me. 


phantly  its  gratitude  to  God  for  some  recent  deliverance. 

^  So,   treating  one  word  as  two.      The  Heb.  text  has,   he 
answered  me  [and  set  me)  in  a  broad  place  of  Jah. 

^  Cf.  Ps.  Ivi.  96,  II.  *  Or,  among  them  that  help  me. 


350  THE  PSALMS  [day  24 


14  The  Lord  is  my  strength,  and  my  song  :  and  is 
become  my  salvation. 

15  The  voice  of  joy  and  health  is  in  the  dwellings 
of  the  righteous  :  the  right  hand  of  the  Lord  bringeth 
mighty  things  to  pass. 

16  The  right  hand  of  the  Lord  hath  the  pre- 
eminence :  the  right  hand  of  the  Lord  bringeth 
mighty  things  to  pass. 

17  I  shall  not  die,  but  live  :  and  declare  the  works 
of  the  Lord. 

18  The  Lord  hath  chastened  and  corrected  me  : 
but  he  hath  not  given  me  over  unto  death. 

19  Open  me  the  gates  of  righteousness  :  that  I  may 
go  into  them,  and  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord. 

20  This  is  the  gate  of  the  Lord  :  the  righteous 
shall  enter  into  it. 

21  I  will  thank  thee,  for  thou  hast  heard  me  :  and 
art  become  my  salvation. 

22  The  same  stone  which  the  builders  refused  :  is 
become  the  head-stone  in  the  corner. 

23  This  is  the  Lord's  doing  :  and  it  is  marvellous 
in  our  eyes. 

24  This  is  the  day  which  the  Lord  hath  .made  :  we 
will  rejoice  and  be  glad  in  it. 

25  Help  (mej  now,  O  Lord  :  O  Lord,  send  us  now 
prosperity. 


26  Blessed  be  he  that  cometh  in  the  Name  of  the 
Lord  :  we  have  wished  you  good  luck,  ye  that  are  of 
the  house  of  the  Lord. 


*  From  Ex,  xv.  2,  Is.  xii.  2. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXVIII  35I 

14  Jah  is  my  strength  and  (theme  of)  melody ; 

and  he  is  become  my  salvation  ^ 

15  The  sound  of  a  ringing  cry  and  of  salvation  is  in 

the  tents  of  the  righteous  : 
the  right  hand  of  Jehovah  doeth  valiantly. 

16  The  right  hand  of  Jehovah  is  exalted  : 

the  right  hand  of  Jehovah  doeth  valiantly. 

17  I  shall  not  die,  but  live, 

and  tell  of  the  works  of  Jah. 

18  Jah  hath  chastened  me  indeed  ; 

but  he  hath  not  given  me  over  unto  death. 

19  Open  to  me  the  gates  of  righteousness  : 

I  will  enter  into  them,  I  will  give  thanks  unto  Jah. 

{Levites  within  the  Temple.') 

20  This  is  the  gate  of  Jehovah  ; 

the  righteous  shall  enter  in  by  it. 

{The  procession.) 

21  I   will    give    thanks    unto    thee,    for   thou    hast 

answered  me, 
and  art  become  my  salvation. 

22  The  stone  which  the  builders  rejected 

is  become  the  head  of  the  corner. 

23  This  Cometh  from  Jehovah  ; 

it  is  wonderful  in  our  eyes. 

24  This  is  the  day  which  Jehovah  hath  made ; 

we  will  rejoice  and  be  glad  in  it. 

{The  whole  chorus?) 

25  We  beseech  thee,  O  Jehovah,  save,  now  ! 

we  beseech  thee,  O  Jehovah,  make  (us),  now, 
to  prosper ! 

{Levites  within  the  Teniple.) 

26  Blessed   be  he   that   entereth  ^,  in    the   name  of 

Jehovah  : 
we  bless  you  from  the  house  of  Jehovah. 

^  i.  e.  the  procession  entering  the  Temple  ;  cf.  vv.  19  b,  20  b. 


352  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  24 


27  God  is  the  Lord  who  hath  shewed  us  hght  : 
bind  the  sacrifice  with  cords,  yea,  even  unto  the 
horns  of  the  altar. 

28  Thou  art  my  God,  and  I  will  thank  thee  :  thou 
art  my  God,  and  I  will  praise  thee. 

29  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  for  he  is  gracious  : 
and  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 


E  VENING  ERA  YER. 

Psalm  CXIX.     Beati  i?fimaailaii. 

1  Blessed  are  those  that  are  undefiled  in  the  way  : 
and  walk  in  the  law  of  the  Lord. 

2  Blessed  are  they  that  keep  his  testimonies  :  and 
seek  him  with  their  whole  heart. 

3  For  they  who  do  no  wickedness  :  walk  in  his 
ways. 

4  Thou  hast  charged  :  that  we  shall  diligently  keep 
thy  commandments. 

5  O  that  my  ways  were  made  so  direct :  that  I  might 
keep  thy  statutes  ! 

6  So  shall   I  not  be  confounded   :  while  I  have 
respect  unto  all  thy  commandments. 

7  I  will  thank  thee  with  an  unfeigned  heart  :  when 
I  shall  have  learned  the  judgementsof  thy  righteousness. 

8  I  will  keep  thy  ceremonies  :  O  forsake  me  not 
utterly. 

In  quo  corrigit  ? 

9  Wherewithal  shall  a  young  man  cleanse  his  way  : 
even  by  ruling  himself  after  thy  word. 

1  In  each  section  of  this  Psalm  the  several  verses  begin  in 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXIX  353 

{The  procession.) 

27  Jehovah  is  God,  and  hath  given  us  hght : 

bind  the  festal  victim  with  cords,  (and  lead  it) 
unto  the  horns  of  the  altar. 

28  Thou  art  my  God,  and  I  will  thank  thee  : 

my  God,  I  will  exalt  thee. 

{The  whole  chorus^ 

29  O  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  for  he  is  good, 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 


Psalm  CXIX\ 
i^   ALEPH. 

1  Happy  are  they  that  are  of  a  perfect  way  ^, 

who  walk  in  the  law  of  Jehovah. 

2  Happy  are  they  that  keep  his  testimonies, 

that  seek  after  him  with  the  whole  heart : 

3  Who  also  work  no  unrighteousness ; 

who  walk  in  his  ways. 

4  Thou  hast  enjoined  thy  precepts, 

that  (we)  should  observe  (them)  diligently. 

5  Ah  that  my  ways  were  established 

so  that  I  might  observe  thy  statutes  ! 

6  Then  should  I  not  be  put  to  shame, 

when  I  look  towards  all  thy  commandments. 

7  I  will  thank  thee  with  uprightness  of  heart, 

when  I  learn  thy  righteous  ordinances. 

8  I  will  observe  thy  statutes  : 

O  forsake  me  not  utterly. 

n    BETH. 

9  Whereby  shall  a  young  man  cleanse  his  path  ? 

by  guarding  (it)  according  to  thy  word. 

the    Hebrew  with  the  letter  shown  at  the  beginning  of  the 
section.  ^  Cf.  Ps.  ci.  2,  6. 

A  a 


354  THE   PSALMS  [day  24 

TO  With  my  whole  heart  have  I  sought  thee  :  O  let 
me  not  go  wrong  out  of  thy  commandments. 

11  Thy  words  have  I  hid  within  my  heart  :  that 
I  should  not  sm  against  thee. 

12  Blessed   art   thou,  O  Lord  :  O  teach  me  thy 
statutes. 

13  With  my  lips  have  I  been  telling  :  of  all  the 
judgements  of  thy  mouth. 

14  I  have  had  as  great  delight  in  the  way  of  thy 
testimonies  :  as  in  all  manner  of  riches. 

15  I  will  talk  of  thy  commandments  :  and  have 
respect  unto  thy  ways. 

16  My  delight  shall  be  in  thy  statutes  :  and  I  will 
not  forget  thy  word. 

Retribue  servo  tiio. 

1 7  O  do  well  unto  thy  servant  :  that  I  may  live,  and 
keep  thy  word. 

18  Open   thou   mine  eyes  :  that  I  may  see   the 
wondrous  things  of  thy  law, 

19  I  am  a  stranger  upon  earth  :  O  hide  not  thy 
commandments  from  me. 

20  My  soul  breaketh  out  for  the  very  fervent  desire  : 
that  it  hath  alway  unto  thy  judgements. 

21  Thou  hast  rebuked  the  proud  :  and  cursed  are 
they  that  do  err  from  thy  commandments. 

22  O  turn  from  me  shame  and  rebuke  :  for  I  have 
kept  thy  testimonies. 

23  Princes  also  did  sit  and  speak  against  me  :  but 
thy  servant  is  occupied  in  thy  statutes. 

24  For  thy  testimonies  are  my  delight  :  and  my 
counsellors. 

AdhcBsit  pavimen  to. 

25  My  soul  cleaveth  to  the  dust  :  O  quicken  thou 
me,  according  to  thy^word. 

'  Or,  neglecting  the  Heb.  interpunction,  Thoti  hast  rebuked 
the  proud ;  cursed  are  they  that  do  etT. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM  CXIX  355 

10  With  my  whole  heart  have  I  sought  after  thee; 

O  let  me  not  err  from  thy  commandments. 

1 1  Thy  word  have  I  laid  up  within  my  heart, 

in  order  that  I  might  not  sin  against  thee. 

12  Blessed  art  thou,  Jehovah  ; 

0  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

13  With  my  lips  have  I  told 

of  all  the  ordinances  of  thy  mouth. 

14  I  have  rejoiced  in  the  way  of  thy  testimonies, 

as  over  all  riches. 

15  I  will  muse  upon  thy  precepts, 

and  look  unto  thy  paths. 

16  I  will  delight  myself  in  thy  statutes ; 

1  will  not  forget  thy  word. 

:i   GIMEL. 

1 7  Deal  bountifully  with  thy  servant,  that  I  may  live, 

and  I  will  observe  thy  word. 

18  Uncover  mine  eyes,  that  I  may  behold 

wondrous  things  out  of  thy  law. 

19  I  am  a  sojourner  in  the  earth; 

O  hide  not  thy  commandments  from  me. 

20  My  soul  is  crushed  with  longing 

for  thy  ordinances  at  all  times. 

21  Thou  hast  rebuked  the  proud  that  are  cursed, 

who  do  err  ^  from  thy  commandments. 

22  Strip  off  ^  from  me  reproach  and  contempt ; 

for  I  have  kept  thy  testimonies. 

23  Yea,  princes  sit  and  talk  together  against  me  ; 

thy  servant  museth  upon  thy  statutes. 

24  Yea,  thy  testimonies  are  my  delight 

(and)  my  counsellors  I 

T   DALETH. 

25  My  soul  cleaveth  to  the  dust  ■* ; 

O  quicken  me,  according  to  thy  word. 

2  Or,  with  the  change  of  a  vowel-point,  Roll  away  (Josh. 

V.  9). 

^  Heb.  the  men  0/ my  counsel.  *  Cf.  Ps.  xliv.  25. 

A  a  2 


35^  THE   PSALMS  [day  25 

26  I  have  acknowledged  my  ways,  and  thou  heardest 
me  :  O  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

27  Make  me  to  understand  the  way  of  thy  com- 
mandments :  and  so  shall  I  talk  of  thy  wondrous  works. 

28  My   soul   melteth   away   for   very   heaviness    : 
comfort  thou  me  according  unto  thy  word. 

29  Take  from  me  the  way  of  lying  :  and  cause  thou 
me  to  make  much  of  thy  law. 

30  I  have  chosen  the  way  of  truth  :  and  thy  judge- 
ments have  I  laid  before  me. 

31  I  have  stuck  unto  thy  testimonies  :  O  Lord, 
confound  me  not. 

32  I  will  run  the  way  of  thy  commandments  :  when 
thou  hast  set  my  heart  at  liberty. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Legem  pone. 

2,z  Teach  me,  O  Lord,  the  way  of  thy  statutes  :  and 
I  shall  keep  it  unto  the  end. 

34  Give  me  understanding,  and  I  shall  keep  thy 
law  :  yea,  I  shall  keep  it  with  my  whole  heart. 

35  Make  me  to  go  in  the  path  of  thy  command- 
ments :  for  therein  is  my  desire. 

36  Incline  my  heart  unto  thy  testimonies  :  and  not 
to  covetousness. 

37  O  turn  away  mine  eyes,  lest  they  behold  vanity  : 
and  quicken  thou  me  in  thy  way. 

38  O  stabUsh  thy  word  in  thy  servant  :  that  I  may 
fear  thee. 

39  Take  away  the  rebuke  that  I  am  afraid  of  :  for 
thy  judgements  are -good. 


*  i.  e.  unfaithfulness  to  God ;  cf.  vv.  104,  128. 

^  Cf.  Ps.  xvi.  8.     Or,  perhaps,  deemed  meet,  esteemed. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXIX  357 

26  I  told  of  my  ways,  and  thou  aiisweredst  me : 

O  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

27  Make  me  to  understand  the  way  of  thy  precepts, 

and  I  will  muse  on  thy  wondrous  works. 

28  My  soul  droppeth  away  for  heaviness ; 

raise  me  up  again  according  unto  thy  word. 

29  Remove  from  me  the  way  of  falsehood  ^ ; 

and  grant  me  thy  law  graciously. 

30  I  have  chosen  the  way  of  faithfulness  ; 

thy  ordinances  have  I  set  (before  me)  ^. 

31  I  cleave  unto  thy  testimonies; 

O  Jehovah,  put  me  not  to  shame. 

32  I  will  run  the  way  of  thy  commandments, 

because  thou  dost  enlarge  my  heart '. 


n  HE. 

33  Instruct  me,  Jehovah,  in  the  way  of  thy  statutes ; 

and  I  shall  keep  it  unto  the  end. 

34  Make  me  to  have  understanding,  and  I  will  keep 

thy  law, 
yea,  I  will  observe  it  with  my  whole  heart. 

35  Make  me  to  tread  in  the  path  of  thy  command- 

ments ; 
for  in  it  do  I  delight. 

36  Incline  my  heart  unto  thy  testimonies, 

and  not  to  covetousness. 

37  Turn  away*  mine  eyes  from  regarding  unreality®; 

quicken  me  in  thy  ways. 

38  O  confirai  unto  thy  servant  thy  word, 

which  tendeth  unto  the  fear  of  thee. 

39  Turn  away  "*  my  reproach  which  I  dread  ; 

for  thy  ordinances  are  good. 


^  I.  e.  cause  it  to  swell  with  joy;  cf.  Is.  Ix.  5. 

^  Heb.  Cause  to  pass  away .  ^  Cf.  xxiv.  4. 


358  THE   PSALMS  [daY  25 

40  Behold,  my  delight  is  in  thy  commandments  : 
O  quicken  me  in  thy  righteousness. 

Ei  veniat  super  me, 

41  Let  thy  loving  mercy  come  also  unto  me,  O 
Lord  :  even  thy  salvation,  according  unto  thy  word. 

42  So  shall  I  make  answer  unto  my  blasphemers  : 
for  my  trust  is  in  thy  word. 

43  O  take  not  the  word  of  thy  truth  utterly  out  of 
my  mouth  :  for  my  hope  is  in  thy  judgements. 

44  So  shall  I  alway  keep  thy  law  :  yea,  for  ever  and 
ever. 

45  And  I  will  walk  at  liberty  :  for  I  seek  thy  com- 
mandments. 

46  I  will  speak  of  thy  testimonies  also,  even  before 
kings  :  and  will  not  be  ashamed. 

47  And  my  delight  shall  be  in  thy  commandments  : 
which  I  have  loved. 

48  My  hands  also  will  I  lift  up  unto  thy  com- 
mandments, which  I  have  loved  :  and  my  study  shall 
be  in  thy  statutes. 

Memor  esto  verbi  tut. 

49  O  think  upon  thy  servant,  as  concerning  thy 
word  :  wherein  thou  hast  caused  me  to  put  my  trust. 

50  The  same  is  my  comfort  in  my  trouble  :  for  thy 
word  hath  quickened  me. 

5 1  The  proud  have  had  me  exceedingly  in  derision  : 
yet  have  I  not  shrinked  from  thy  law. 

52  For  I  remembered  thine  everlasting  judgements, 
O  Lord  :  and  received  comfort. 

.53  I  am  horribly -afraid  :  for  the  ungodly  that  for- 
sake thy  law. 

^  Cf.  Ps.  xviii.  19,  cxviii.  5. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXIX  359 


40  Behold,  I  long  after  thy  precepts  ; 

O  quicken  me  in  thy  righteousness. 

1  VAU. 

41  Let  thy  kindnesses  also  come  unto  me,  Jehovah, 

(even)  thy  salvation,  according  unto  thy  word : 

42  And  I  will  make  answer  unto  him  that  reproacheth 

me; 
for  I  trust  in  thy  word. 

43  And  snatch  not  the  word  of  truth  utterly  out  of 

my  mouth ; 
for  I  hope  in  thy  ordinances  : 

44  So  shall  I  observe  thy  law  continually 

for  ever  and  ever ; 

45  And  I  shall  walk  in  a  broad  place  \ 

because  I  have  sought  out  ^  thy  precepts ; 

46  I  will  also  speak  of  thy  testimonies  before  kings, 

and  shall  not  be  put  to  shame. 

47  And  I  will  delight  myself  in  thy  commandments, 

which  I  have  loved. 

48  My  hands  also  will  I  lift  up  unto  thy  command 

ments,  ^  which  I  have  loved  ^ ; 
and  I  will  muse  upon  thy  statutes. 

T  ZAIN. 

49  O  remember  (thy)  word  unto  thy  servant, 

seeing  that  thou  hast  caused  me  to  hope. 

50  This  is  my  comfort  in  my  affliction, 

that  thy  word  hath  quickened  me. 

5 1  The  proud  have  had  me  exceedingly  in  derision  ; 

from  thy  law  I  have  not  declined. 

52  I  have  remembered  thine  ordinances  (which  are) 

of  old,  Jehovah, 
and  have  received  comfort. 

53  A  glow  (of  indignation)  hath  taken  hold  upon  me, 

because  of  the  wicked  that  forsake  thy  law. 

'■^  Or,  studied.  *  Repeated  probably  by  error  from  v.  47. 


360  THE   PSALMS  [daY  25 

54  Thy  statutes  have  been  my  songs  :  in  the  house 
of  my  pilgrimage. 

55  I  have  thought  upon  thy  Name,  O  Lord,  in  the 
night-season  :  and  have  kept  thy  law. 

56  This  I  had  :  because  I  kept  thy  command- 
ments. 

■  Portio  mea,  Dotnine. 

57  Thou  art  my  portion,  O  Lord  :  I  have  promised 
to  keep  thy  law. 

58  I  made  my  humble  petition  in  thy  presence  with 
my  whole  heart  :  O  be  merciful  unto  me,  accordmg  to 
thy  word. 

59  I  called  mine  own  ways  to  remembrance  :  and 
turned  my  feet  unto  thy  testimonies. 

60  I  made  haste,  and  prolonged  not  the  time  :  to 
keep  thy  commandments. 

61  The  congregations  of  the  ungodly  have  robbed 
me  :  but  I  have  not  forgotten  thy  law. 

62  At  midnight  I  will  rise  to  give  thanks  unto  thee  : 
because  of  thy  righteous  judgements. 

63  I  am  a  companion  of  all  them  that  fear  thee  : 
and  keep  thy  commandments. 

64  The  earth,  O  Lord,  is  full  of  thy  mercy  :  O  teach 
me  thy  statutes. 

Bonitatem  fecisti. 

65  O  Lord,  thou  hast  dealt  graciously  with  thy 
servant  :  according  unto  thy  word. 

66  O  learn  me  true  understanding  and  knowledge  : 
for  I  have  believed  thy  commandments. 

67  Before  I  was  troubled,  I  went  wrong  :  but  now 
have  I  kept  thy  word. 

68  Thou  art  good  and  gracious  :  O  teach  me  thy 
statutes. 

^  Cf.  V.  19,  xxxix.  12. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXIX  361 

54  Thy  statutes  have  been  melodies  to  me 

in  the  house  of  my  sojourning  '. 

55  I  have  remembered   thy  name  in  the  night,   O 

Jehovah, 
and  I  have  observed  thy  la'w. 

56  This  hath  been  mine, 

that  I  have  kept  thy  precepts, 

n   CHETH. 

57  Jehovah  is  my  portion  ; 

I  have  said  that  I  would  observe  thy  words. 

58  I   have   intreated   thy  favour  ^  with    (my)    whole 

heart ; 
O  be  gracious  unto  me,  according  to  thy  word. 

59  I  thought  on  my  ways, 

and  turned  my  feet  back  unto  thy  testimonies. 

60  I  made  haste,  and  delayed  not, 

to  observe  thy  commandments. 

61  The  nooses  of  the  wicked  have  enclosed  me  ; 

thy  law  I  have  not  forgotten. 

62  At  midnight  I  will  rise  to  give  thanks  unto  thee 

because  of  thy  righteous  ordinances. 

63  I  am  a  companion  of  all  them  that  fear  thee, 

and  of  those  that  observe  thy  precepts. 

64  The  earth  is  full  of  thy  kindness,  Jehovah  ; 

O  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

to  TETH. 

65  Thou  hast  dealt  well  with  thy  servant, 

O  Jehovah,  according  unto  thy  word. 

66  Teach  me  goodness  of  discernment  and  knowledge ; 

for  I  have  believed  thy  commandments. 

67  Before  I  was  afflicted,  I  did  err ; 

but  now  I  observe  thy  word. 

68  Thou  art  good,  and  doest  good  ; 

O  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

*  See  Ps.  xlv.  12. 


362  THE   PSALMS  [day  25 

69  The  proud  have  imagined  a  lie  against  ine  :  but 
I  will  keep  thy  commandments  with  niy  whole  heart. 

70  Their  heart  is  as  fat  as  brawn  :  but  my  delight 
hath  been  in  thy  law. 

71  It  is  good  for  toe  that  I  have  been  in  trouble  : 
that  I  may  learn  thy  statutes. 

72  The  law  of  thy  mouth  is  dearer  to  me  :  than 
thousands  of  gold  and  silver. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Manus  hicz  fecerunt  me. 

73  Tliy  hands  have  made  me  and  fashioned  me  : 

0  give  me  understanding,  that  I  may  learn  thy  com- 
mandments. 

74  They  that  fear  thee  will  be  glad  when  they  see 
me  :  because  I  have  put  my  trust  in  thy  word. 

75  I  know,  O  Lord,  that  thy  judgements  are  right  : 
and  that  thou  of  very  faithfulness  hast  caused  me  to 
be  troubled. 

76  O  let  thy  merciful  kindness  be  my  comfort  : 
according  to  thy  word  unto  thy  servant. 

77  O  let  thy  loving  mercies  come  unto  me,  that 

1  may  live  :  for  thy  law  is  my  delight. 

78  Let  the  proud  be  confounded,  for  they  go 
wickedly  about  to  destroy  me  :  but  I  will  be  occupied 
in  thy  commandments. 

79  Let  such  as  fear  thee,  and  have  known  thy 
testimonies  :  be  turned  unto  me. 

So  O  let  my  heart  be  sound  in  thy  statutes  :  that 
I  be  not  ashamed. 

Defecit  anima  inea. 

81  My  soul  hath,  longed  for  thy  salvation  :  and 
I  have  a  good  hope  because  of  thy  word. 

'  i  e.  have  misrepresented  me. 

*  i.  e.  impervious  to  good  influences  ;  cf.  Is.  vi.  10. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXIX  363 


69  The  proud  have  plaistered  falsehood  over  me ' ; 

I  with  (my)  whole  heart  will  keep  thy  precepts. 

70  Their  heart  is  gross  like  fat  ^ ; 

as  for  me,  I  delight  in  thy  law. 

71  It  is  good  for  me  that  I  have  been  afflicted, 

in  order  that  I  might  learn  thy  statutes. 
7  2  The  law  of  thy  mouth  is  better  unto  me 
than  thousands  of  gold  and  silver. 


■^  JOD. 

73  Thy  hands  have  made  me  and  established  me : 

make  me  to   have   understanding,  that  I  may 
learn  thy  commandments. 

74  They  that  fear  thee  shall  see  me  and  be  glad, 

because  I  hope  in  thy  word. 

75  I  know,  Jehovah,  that  thy  judgements  are  righteous, 

and  that  in  faithfulness  thou  hast  afflicted  me. 

76  Let  thy  kindness,  I  pray  thee,  be  (ready)  to  com- 

fort me, 
according  to  thy  word  unto  thy  servant. 

77  Let  thy  compassions  come  unto  me,  that  I  may  live; 

for  thy  law  is  my  delight. 

78  Let  the  proud  be  put  to  shame,  for  they  have 

lyingly  subverted  me  (in  judgement) ; 
as  for  me,  I  will  muse  upon  thy  precepts. 

79  Let  those  that  fear  thee  return  unto  me, 

and  they  shall  know  ^  thy  testimonies. 

80  O  let  my  heart  be  perfect  in  thy  statutes, 

in  order  that  I  may  not  be  put  to  shame. 

^   CAPH. 

81  My  soul  faileth  *  (with  longing)  for  thy  salvation; 

in  thy  word  do  I  hope. 

^  So   Heb.   text,  Targ. ;    and  they  that  know,   Heb.   marg., 
Sept.,  Syr.,  Jen,  Viilg.      .  *  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxxiv.  2. 


3^4  THE   PSALMS  [day  2  = 


82  Mine   eyes   long   sore   for   thy  word  :  saying, 
O  when  wilt  thou  comfort  me  ? 

83  For  I  am  become  like  a  bottle  in  the  smoke  : 
yet  do  I  not  forget  thy  statutes. 

84  How  many  are  the  days  of  thy  servant  :  when 
wilt  thou  be  avenged  of  them  that  persecute  me  ? 

85  The  proud  have  digged  pits  for  me  :  which  are 
not  after  thy  law. 

86  All  thy  commandments  are  true  :  they  persecute 
me  falsely ;  O  be  thou  my  help. 

87  They  had  almost  made  an  end  of  me  upon 
earth  :  but  I  forsook  not  thy  commandments. 

88  O  quicken  me  after  thy  loving-kindness  :  and  so 
shall  I  keep  the  testimonies  of  thy  mouth. 

I?i  cefernum,  Do  mine. 

89  O  Lord,  thy  word  :  endureth  for  ever  in  heaven. 

90  Thy  truth  also  remaineth  from  one  generation 
to  another  :  thou  hast  laid  the  foundation  of  the  earth, 
and  it  abideth. 

91  They  continue  this  day  according  to  thine 
ordinance  :  for  all  things  serve  thee. 

92  If  my  delight  had  not  been  in  thy  law  :  I  should 
have  perished  in  my  trouble. 

93  I  will  never  forget  thy  commandments  :  for  with 
them  thou  hast  quickened  me. 

94  I  am  thine,  O  save  me  :  for  I  have  sought  thy 
commandments. 

95  The  ungodly  laid  wait  for  me  to  destroy  me  : 
but  I  will  consider  thy  testimonies. 

96  I  see  that  all  things  come  to  an  end  :  but  thy 
commandment  is  exceeding  broad. 

'  Which  would  be  dried  up  and  blackened ;  fig.  for  some- 
thing cast  aside  and  worthless. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXIX  365 


82  Mine  eyes  fail  for  thy  word, 

saying,  '  When  wilt  thou  comfort  me  ? ' 

83  For  I  am  become  like  a  wine-skin  in  the  smoke  ^  ; 

thy  statutes  I  have  not  forgotten. 

84  How  many  are  the  days  of  thy  servant  ? 

when  wilt  thou  execute  judgement  on  them  that 
persecute  me  ? 

85  The  proud  have  digged  pits  for  me, 

who  are  not  after  thy  law. 

86  All  thy  commandments  are  faithful : 

they  lyingly  persecute  me ;  help  thou  me. 

87  They  had   almost   made    an   end    of  me    upon 

earth  ^ ; 
but  as  for  me,  I  forsook  not  thy  precepts. 

88  O  quicken  me  according  to  thy  kindness, 

and  I  will  observe  the  testimony  of  thy  mouth. 


h 


LAMED. 


89  For  ever,  Jehovah, 

thy  word  is  fixed  in  heaven. 

90  To  all  generations  is  thy  faithfulness  : 

thou  hast  established  the  earth,  and  it  standeth. 

91  They   stand   this   day   according    to   thine   ordi- 

nances ; 
for  all  things  are  thy  servants. 

92  Unless  thy  law  had  been  my  delight, 

I  should  then  have  perished  in  mine  affliction. 

93  I  will  never  forget  thy  precepts  ; 

for  with  them  thou  hast  quickened  me. 

94  I  am  thine,  O  save  me ; 

for  I  have  sought  out  ^  thy  precepts. 

95  The  wicked  have  waited  for  me  to  destroy  me  ; 

I  will  diligently  consider  thy  testimonies. 

96  To  all  perfection  I  have  seen  an  end  ; 

thy  commandment  is  exceeding  broad. 

*  Or,  in  the  land.  ^  Or,  studied. 


366  THE  PSALMS  [day  26 

Quoviodo  dilexil 

97  (Lord,)  what  love  have  I  unto  thy  law  :  all  the 
day  long  is  my  study  in  it. 

98  Thou  through  thy  commandments  hast  made  me 
wiser  than  mine  enemies  :  for  they  are  ever  with  me. 

99  I  have  more  understanding  than  my  teachers  : 
for  thy  testimonies  are  my  study. 

100  I  am  wiser  than  the  aged  :  because  I  keep  thy 
commandments. 

10 1  I  have  refrained  my  feet  from  every  evil  way  : 
that  I  may  keep  thy  word. 

102  I  have  not  shrunk  from  thy  judgements  :  for 
thou  teachest  me. 

103  O  how  sweet  are  thy  words  unto  my  throat  : 
yea,  sweeter  than  honey  unto  my  mouth. 

104  Through  thy  commandments  I  get  understand- 
ing :  therefore  I  hate  all  evil  ways. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Lucerna  pedibus  meis. 

105  Thy  word  is  a  lantern  unto  my  feet  :  and 
a  light  unto  my  paths. 

106  I  have  sworn,  and  am  stedfastly  purposed  :  to 
keep  thy  righteous  judgements. 

107  I  am  troubled  above  measure  :  quicken  me, 
O  Lord,  according  to  thy  word. 

108  Let  the  free-will  offerings  of  my  mouth  please 
thee,  O  Lord  :  and  teach  me  thy  judgements. 

109  My  soul  is  alway  in  my  hand  :  yet  do  I  not 
forget  thy  law. 


^  So,  with   Sept.,  altering  one  vowel-point.     The  pointed 
Heb.  text  has  commandments. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXIX  367 


r^    MEM. 

97  O  how  love  I  thy  law  ! 

all  the  day  is  it  my  musing. 

98  Thy  commandment  ^  maketh  me  wiser  than  mine 

enemies  ; 
for  it  is  mine  for  ever. 

99  I  have  more  understanding  than  all  my  teachers ; 

for  thy  testimonies  are  my  musing. 
100  I  understand  more  than  the  aged, 

because  I  have  kept  thy  precepts. 
loi  I  have  refrained  my  feet  from  every  evil  way, 

in  order  that  I  might  observe  thy  word. 

102  I  have  not  turned  aside  from  thy  ordinances  ; 

for  iho2i  hast  instructed  me. 

103  How  sweet  are  thy  words  unto  my  palate  ! 

(yea,  sweeter)  than  honey  unto  my  mouth  ! 

104  Through  thy  precepts  I  get  understanding ; 

therefore  I  hate  every  way  of  falsehood. 


;]   NUN. 

105  Thy  word  is  a  lamp  unto  my  foot, 

and  a  light  unto  my  path. 

106  I  have  sworn,  and  have  confirmed  it, 

to  observe  thy  righteous  ordinances. 

107  I  am  afflicted  very  much  ; 

quicken  me,  Jehovah,  according  to  thy  word. 

108  Accept,   Jehovah,   I  beseech  thee,   the  freewill- 

offerings  of  my  mouth, 
and  teach  me  thy  ordinances. 

109  My  soul  is  continually  in  my  hand'^ ; 

but  thjp  law  I  have  not  forgotten. 

^  i.  e.  my  life  is  in  jeopardy  ;  cf.  Judg.  xii.  3,  i  Sam.  xix.  5. 


368  THE   PSALMS  [daY  26 

1 10  The  ungodly  have  laid  a  snare  for  me  :  but  yet 
I  swerved  not  from  thy  commandments. 

111  Thy  testimonies  have  I  claimed  as  mine  heritage 
for  ever  :  and  why  ?  they  are  the  very  joy  of  my  heart. 

112  I  have  applied  my  heart  to  fulfil  thy  statutes 
alway  :  even  unto  the  end. 

Iniqiios  odio  habui. 

113  I  hate  them  that  imagine  evil  things  :  but  thy 
law  do  I  love. 

114  Thou  art  my  defence  and  shield  :  and  my  trust 
is  in  thy  word. 

115  Away  from  me,  ye  wicked  :  I  will  keep  the 
commandments  of  my  God. 

116  O  stablish  me  according  to  thy  word,  that 
I  may  live  :  and  let  me  not  be  disappointed  of  my 
hope. 

117  Hold  thou  me  up,  and  I  shall  be  safe  :  yea, 
my  delight  shall  be  ever  in  thy  statutes. 

118  Thou  hast  trodden  down  all  them  that  depart 
from  thy  statutes  :  for  they  imagine  but  deceit. 

119  Thou  puttest  away  all  the  ungodly  of  the  earth 
like  dross  :  therefore  I  love  thy  testimonies. 

120  My  flesh  trembleth  for  fear  of  thee  :  and  I  am 
afraid  of  thy  judgements. 

Feci  judiciiwi. 

121  I  deal  with  the  thing  that  is  lawful  and  right  : 
O  give  me  not  over  unto  mine  oppressors. 

122  Make  thou  thy  servant  to  delight  in  that  which 
is  good  :  that  the  proud  do  me  no  wrong. 

1  i.  e.  C probably)  religious  compromisers. 

2  delight  myself  in^  Ancient  Versions  (cf.  vv.  16,  17), 
^  Cf.  Jer.  xiv.  14. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXIX  369 


no  The  wicked  have  laid  a  trap  for  me  : 

yet  went  I  not  astray  from  thy  precepts. 

111  Thy  testimonies  have  I  taken  as  an  heritage  for 

ever; 
for  they  are  the  joy  of  my  heart. 

1 1 2  I  have  inchned  my  heart  to  fulfil  thy  statutes, 

for  ever,  even  unto  the  end. 

D   SAMECH. 

113  I  hate  them  that  are  divided  (in  their  mind)  ^ ; 

but  thy  law  do  I  love. 

114  Thou  art  my  hiding-place  and  my  shield ; 

in  thy  word  do  I  hope. 

115  Depart  from  me,  ye  evil  doers; 

that  I  may  keep  the  commandments  of  my  God. 

116  Uphold  me  according  to  thy  word,  that  I  may 

live; 
and  let  me  not  be  disappointed  of  my  hope. 

117  Support  thou  me,  and  I  shall  be  saved ; 

and  I  will  regard  ■^  thy  statutes  continually. 

118  Thou  hast  set  at  nought  all  them  that  err  from 

thy  statutes, 
for  their  (self-) deceit  ^  is  a  lie*. 

119  Thou  puttest  away*  all  the  wicked  of  the 

(like)  dross ; 
therefore  I  love  thy  testimonies. 

120  My  flesh  shuddereth  for  terror  of  thee; 

and  I  am  afraid  of  thy  judgements. 

i?   AIN. 

121  I  have  done  judgement  and  justice  ; 

O  leave  me  not  to  mine  oppressors. 

122  Be  surety  for  thy  servant  for  good  ; 

let  not  the  proud  oppress  me. 

^  i.  e.  both  baseless  in  fact,  and  also  delusive  as  a  principle 
of  action. 

^  I  account,  Sept.  and  many  moderns. 

Bb 


370  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  26 

123  Mine  eyes  are  wasted  away  with  looking  for 
thy  health  :  and  for  the  word  of  thy  righteousness. 

124  O  deal  with  thy  servant  according  unto  thy 
loving  mercy  :  and  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

125  I  am  thy  servant,  O  grant  me  understanding  : 
that  I  may  know  thy  testimonies. 

126  It  is  time  for  thee,  Lord,  to  lay  to  thine  hand  : 
for  they  have  destroyed  thy  law. 

127  For  I  love  thy  commandments  :  above  gold 
and  precious  stone. 

128  Therefore  hold  I  straight  all  thy  command- 
ments :  and  all  false  ways  I  utterly  abhor. 


Mirabilia. 

129  Thy  testimonies  are  wonderful  :  therefore  doth 
my  soul  keep  them. 

130  When  thy  word  goeth  forth  :  it  giveth  light 
and  understanding  unto  the  simple. 

131  I  opened  my  mouth,  and  drew  in  my  breath  : 
for  my  delight  was  in  thy  commandments. 

132  O  look  thou  upon  me,  and  be  merciful  unto 
me  :  as  thou  usest  to  do  unto  those  that  love  thy 
Name. 

133  Order  my  steps  in  thy  word  :  and  so  shall  no 
wickedness  have  dominion  over  me. 

134  O  deliver  me  from  the  wrongful  dealings  of 
men  :  and  so  shall  I  keep  thy  commandments. 

135  Shew  the  light  of  thy  countenance  upon  thy 
servant  :  and  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

136  Mine  eyes  gush  out  with  water  :  because  men 
keep  not  thy  law. 

•  Read,  with  Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg.,  Jer.,  all  thy  precepts. 
^  i.  e.  the  unfolding,  setting  forth. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXIX  371 

123  Mine  eyes  fail  for  thy  salvation, 

and  for  thy  righteous  word. 

124  O  deal  with  thy  servant  according  unto  thy  kind- 

ness, 
and  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

125  I  am  thy  servant,  O  make  me  to  have  under- 

standing, 
that  I  may  know  thy  testimonies. 

126  It  is  time  for  Jehovah  to  act : 

they  have  broken  thy  law. 

127  Therefore  I  love  thy  commandments 

above  gold,  yea,  above  fine  gold. 

128  Therefore  I  deem  right  all  the  precepts   about 

alP; 
every  way  of  falsehood  do  I  hate. 

D  PE. 

129  Thy  testimonies  are  wonderful; 

therefore  doth  my  soul  keep  them. 

130  The  opening  ^  of  thy  words  giveth  light ; 

it  giveth  understanding  unto  the  simple. 

131  I  opened  my  mouth  wide,  and  panted  * ; 

for  I  longed  for  thy  commandments. 

132  Turn   thee  towards  me,  and   be  gracious  unto 

me, 
as  is  just  unto  those  that  love  thy  name. 

133  Establish  my  footsteps  by  thy  word, 

and   let   not   any    naughtiness   have   dominion 
over  me. 

134  O  ransom  me  from  the  oppression  of  man, 

and  I  will  observe  thy  precepts. 

135  Make  thy  face  to  shine  upon  thy  servant ; 

and  teach  me  thy  statutes. 

136  Mine  eyes  run  down  with  rills  of  water, 

because  men  observe  not  thy  law. 

'  Fig.  for  'eagerly  desired' ;  cf.  Job  xxix.  23,  Jer.  xiv.  6. 

B  b  2 


372 


THE   PSALMS  [daY  26 


Justus  es,  Domine. 

137  Righteous  art  thou,  O  Lord  :  and  true  is  thy 
judgement. 

138  The  testimonies  that  thou  hast  commanded  : 
are  exceeding  righteous  and  true. 

139  My  zeal  hath  even  consumed  me  :  because 
mine  enemies  have  forgotten  thy  words, 

140  Thy  word  is  tried  to  the  uttermost  :  and  thy 
servant  loveth  it. 

141  I  am  small,  and  of  no  reputation  :  yet  do  I  not 
forget  thy  commandments. 

142  Thy  righteousness  is  an  everlasting  righteous- 
ness :  and  thy  law  is  the  truth. 

143  Trouble  and  heaviness  have  taken  hold  upon 
me  :  yet  is  my  delight  in  thy  commandments. 

144  The  righteousness  of  thy  testimonies  is  ever- 
lasting :  O  grant  me  understanding,  and  I  shall  live. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Clamavi  in  toto  corde  meo. 

145  I  call  with  my  whole  heart  :  hear  me,  O  Lord, 
I  will  keep  thy  statutes. 

146  Yea,  even  unto  thee  do  I  call  :  help  me,  and 
I  shall  keep  thy  testimonies. 

147  Early  in  the  morning  do  I  cry  unto  thee  :  for 
in  thy  word  is  my  trust. 

148  Mine  eyes  prevent   the   night-watches   :  that 
I  might  be  occupied  in  thy  words, 

1  The  word  usually  rendered  exterminate. 

«  See  Ps.  xviii.  30.  ^Qv,  young. 

*  '^&\).  found  me  (cf.  cxvi.  3). 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXIX  373 


JJ   TZADDI. 

137  Righteous  art  thou,  Jehovah, 

and  upright  are  thy  ordinances. 

138  Thou  hast  enjoined  thy  testimonies  as  righteous- 

ness 
and  exceeding  faithfulness. 

139  My  jealousy  hath  undone^  me, 

because   mine   adversaries   have   forgotten   thy 
words. 

140  Thy  word  is  (of)  very  sterhng  (metal)  ^ ; 

and  thy  servant  loveth  it. 

141  I  am  small  ^  and  despised ; 

thy  precepts  I  have  not  forgotten. 

142  Thy  righteousness  is  an  everlasting  righteousness, 

and  thy  law  is  truth. 

143  Trouble  and  distress  have  taken  hold  upon  me  "* ; 

thy  commandments  are  my  delight. 

144  Thy  testimonies  are  righteousness  for  ever  ; 

O  make  me  to  have  understanding,  and  I  shall 
live. 


p  KOPH. 

145  I  have  called  with  (my)  whole  heart;  answer  me, 

Jehovah ; 
I  will  keep  thy  statutes. 

146  I  have  called  upon  thee,  O  save  me, 

and  I  will  observe  thy  testimonies. 

147  I  am  beforehand  in  the  (morning-)twilight,  and 

cry  for  help ; 
in  thy  word  ^  do  I  hope. 

148  Mine  eyes  forestall  the  night-watches®, 

that  I  might  muse  on  thy  word. 

5  So  Heb.  marg.,  Syr.,  Targ.,  Jer.  (cf.  vv.  74,  81,  1 14) ;  words, 
Heb.  text,  Sept.,  Symm. 

*  As  each  watch  arrives,  I  am  already  awake. 


374  T^^  PSALMS  [day  26 

149  Hear  my  voice,  O  Lord,  according  unto  thy 
loving-kindness  :  quicken  me,  according  as  thou  art 
wont. 

150  They  draw  nigh  that  of  malice  persecute  me  : 
and  are  far  from  thy  law. 

151  Be  thou  nigh  at  hand^  O  Lord  :  for  all  thy 
commandments  are  true. 

152  As  concerning  thy  testimonies,  I  have  known 
long  since  :  that  thou  hast  grounded  them  for  ever. 

Vide  humilitatem. 

153  O  consider  mine  adversity,  and  deliver  me  : 
for  I  do  not  forget  thy  law. 

154  Avenge  thou  my  cause,  and  deliver  me  : 
quicken  me,  according  to  thy  word. 

155  Health  is  far  from  the  ungodly :  for  they  regard 
not  thy  statutes. 

156  Great  is  thy  mercy,  O  Lord  :  quicken  me,  as 
thou  art  wont. 

157  Many  there  are  that  trouble  me,  and  persecute 
me  :  yet  do  I  not  swerve  from  thy  testimonies. 

158  It  grieveth  me  when  I  see  the  transgressors  : 
because  they  keep  not  thy  law. 

159  Consider,  O  Lord,  how  I  love  thy  command- 
ments :  O  quicken  me,  according  to  thy  loving-kind- 
ness. 

160  Thy  word  is  true  from  everlasting  :  all  the 
judgements  of  thy  righteousness  endure  for  evermore. 

Principes  persecuti  sunt. 

161  Princes  have  persecuted  me  without  a  cause  : 
but  my  heart  standet-h  in  awe  of  thy  word. 

'  that  persecute  me  with  wicked  intent,  Sept.,  Symm.,  Syr., 
Vulg,,  Jer.  (one  vowel  difterent)  ;  cf.  P.B.V. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXIX  375 


149  Hear  my  voice  according  unto  thy  kindness ; 

quicken  me,  Jehovah,   according  to   thy   ordi- 
nances. 

150  They  draw  nigh  that  pursue  after  wicked  devices \ 

(that)  are  far  from  thy  law. 

151  Thou  art  nigh,  O  Jehovah  ; 

and  all  thy  commandments  are  truth. 

152  Of  old  have  I  known  from  thy  testimonies, 

that  thou  hast  founded  them  for  ever. 

-1   RESH. 

153  O  see  mine  affliction,  and  rescue  me; 

for  I  do  not  forget  thy  law. 

154  Plead" thou  my  cause,  and  redeem  me; 

quicken  me  according  to  thy  word. 

155  Salvation  is  far  from  the  wicked  ; 

for  they  seek  not  after  thy  statutes. 

156  Thy  compassions,  Jehovah,  are  many ; 

quicken  me  according  to  thy  ordinances. 

157  Many  are  my  persecutors  and  mine  adversaries ; 

from  thy  testimonies  I  have  not  declined. 

158  I  beheld  them  that  were  faithless  (towards  thee), 

and  had  loathing, 
because  they  observed  not  thy  word. 

159  O  see  how  I  love  thy  precepts; 

quicken  me,  Jehovah,  according  to   thy  kind- 
ness. 

160  The  sum  of  thy  word  is  truth  ; 

and  all  thy  righteous  ordinances  (endure)  for 
ever. 

•Q)   SHIN. 

t6i  Princes  have  persecuted  me  without  a  cause; 
but  my  heart  standeth  in  awe  of  thy  words  ^ 


-  So  Heb.  text,  Sept.,  Vulg.,  Jer.  ;  word,  Heb.  marg.,  Targ., 
Syr. 


376  THE  PSALMS  [day  26 


162  I  am  as  glad  of  thy  word  :  as  one  that  findeth 
great  spoils. 

163  As  for  lies,  I  hate  and  abhor  them  :  but  thy 
law  do  I  love. 

164  Seven  times  a  day  do  I  praise  thee  :  because 
of  thy  righteous  judgements. 

165  Great  is  the  peace  that  they  have  who  love  thy 
law  :  and  they  are  not  offended  at  it. 

166  Lord,  I  have  looked  for  thy  saving  health  :  and 
done  after  thy  commandments. 

167  My  soul  hath  kept  thy  testimonies  :  and  loved 
them  exceedingly. 

168  I   have   kept   thy   commandments   and   testi- 
monies :  for  all  my  ways  are  before  thee. 


Appropinqiiet  deprecatio. 

169  Let  my  complaint  come  before  thee,  O  Lord 
give  me  understanding,  according  to  thy  word. 


170  Let  my  supplication  come  before  thee  :  deliver 
me,  according  to  thy  word. 

171  My  lips  shall  speak  of  thy  praise  :  when  thou 
hast  taught  me  thy  statutes. 

172  Yea,  my  tongue  shall  sing  of  thy  word  :  for  all 
thy  commandments  are  righteous. 

173  Let  thine  hand  help  me  :  for  I  have  chosen 
thy  commandments. 

174  I  have  longed  for  thy  saving  health,  O  Lord  : 
and  in  thy  law  is  my  delight. 

175  O  let  my  soul  live,  and  it  shall  praise  thee  :  and 
thy  judgements  shall  help  me. 

176  I  have  gone  astray  like  a  sheep  that  is  lost  : 
O  seek  thy  servant,  for  I  do  not  forget  thy  command- 
ments. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXIX  377 


162  I  rejoice  at  thy  word, 

as  one  that  findeth  great  spoil. 

163  I  hate  and  abhor  falsehood ; 

thy  law  do  I  love. 

164  Seven  times  a  day  do  I  praise  thee, 

because  of  thy  righteous  ordinances. 

165  Great  peace  have  they  who  love  thy  law; 

and  they  have  no  stumbling-block. 

166  I  have  hoped  for  thy  salvation,  O  Jehovah, 

and  have  done  thy  commandments. 

167  My  soul  hath  observed  thy  testimonies; 

and  I  love  them  exceedingly. 

168  I   have   observed   thy    precepts   and    thy   testi- 

monies ; 
for  all  my  ways  are  before  thee. 

n  TAU. 

i6g  Let  my  ringing  cry  come  near  before  thee,  O 
Jehovah  ; 
make  me  to  have  understanding  according  to 
thy  word. 

170  Let  my  supplication  come  before  thee  ; 

deliver  me  according  to  thy  word. 

171  Let  my  lips  pour  forth  praise, 

because  thou  teachest  me  thy  statutes. 

172  Let  my  tongue  sing  of  thy  word  ; 

for  all  thy  commandments  are  righteousness. 

173  Let  thine  hand  be  (ready)  to  help  me; 

for  I  have  chosen  thy  precepts. 

174  I  have  longed  for  thy  salvation,  O  Jehovah  ; 

and  thy  law  is  my  delight. 

175  O  let  my  soul  live,  and  it  shall  praise  thee  ; 

and  let  thy  judgements  help  me. 

1 76  I  have  gone  astray  like  a  sheep  that  is  lost ;  O  seek 

thy  servant : 
for  I  do  not  forget  thy  commandments. 


378  THE   PSALMS  [day  27 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CXX.     Ad  Dominunu 

1  When  I  was  in  trouble  I  called  upon  the  Lord  : 
and  he  heard  me. 

2  Deliver  my  soul,  O  Lord,  from  lying  lips  :  and 
from  a  deceitful  tongue. 

3  What  reward  shall  be  given  or  done  unto  thee, 
thou  false  tongue  :  even  mighty  and  sharp  arrows, 
with  hot  burning  coals. 

4  Wo  is  me,  that  I  am  constrained  to  dwell  with 
Mesech  :  and  to  have  my  habitation  among  the  tents 
of  Kedar, 

5  My  soul  hath  long  dwelt  among  them  :  that  are 
enemies  unto  peace. 

6  I  labour  for  peace,  but  when  I  speak  (unto  them) 
thereof  :  they  make  them  ready  to  battle. 

Psalm  CXXI.     Levavi  oculos. 

1  I  will  lift  up  mine  eyes  unto  the  hills  :  from 
whence  cometh  my  help. 

2  My  help  cometh  even  from  the  Lord  :  who  hath 
made  heaven  and  earth. 

3  He  will  not  suffer  thy  foot  to  be  moved  :  and  he 
that  keepeth  thee  will  not  sleep. 

4  Behold,  he  that  keepeth  Israel  :  shall  neither 
slumber  nor  sleep. 

5  The  Lord  himself  is  thy  keeper  :  the  Lord  is  thy 
defence  upon  thy  right  hand  ; 

6  So  that  the  sun  shall  not  burn  thee  by  day  : 
neither  the  moon  by  night. 

7  The  Lord  shall  preserve  thee  from  all  evil  :  yea, 
it  is  even  he  that  shall  keep  thy  soul. 


BOOK  v]  PSALMS    CXX,    CXXI  379 


Psalm  CXX. 

1  Unto  Jehovah  in  my  trouble 

I  called,  and  he  answered  me. 

2  Jehovah,  deliver  my  soul  from  the  lying  lip, 

from  the  deceptive  tongue. 

3  What  shall  he  give  unto  thee,  and  what  shall  he 

give  more  unto  thee, 
thou  deceptive  tongue  ? 

4  The  sharpened  arrows  of  a  warrior, 

with  glowing  coals  of  broom. 

5  Woe  is  me,  that  I  sojourn  with  Meshech, 

that  I  dwell  beside  the  tents  of  Kedar ! 

6  Full  long  hath  my  soul  had  her  dwelling 

beside  him  that  hateth  peace. 

7  I  am  (for)  peace ; 

but  when  I  speak,  they  are  for  war. 

Psalm  CXXI. 

1  I  will  lift  up  mine  eyes  unto  the  mountains  : 

O  whence  shall  my  help  come  ? 

2  My  help  (cometh)  from  Jehovah, 

the  maker  of  heaven  and  earth. 

3  Never  may  he  suffer  thy  foot  to  be  moved  ! 

never  may  he  slumber  that  keepeth  thee  ! 

4  Behold,  he  that  keepeth  Israel 

doth  neither  slumber  nor  sleep. 

5  Jehovah  is  thy  keeper  : 

Jehovah  is  thy  shade  upon  thy  right  hand. 

6  The  sun  shall  not  smite  thee  by  day, 

neither  the  moon  by  night. 

7  Jehovah  shall  keep  thee  from  all  evil ; 

he  shall  keep  thy  soul. 


380  THE   PSALMS  [day  27 

8  The  Lord  shall  preserve  thy  going  out,  and  thy 
comins;  in  :  from  this  time  forth  for  evermore. 


Psalm  CXXII.     Lcetahis  sum. 

1  I  was  glad  when  they  said  unto  me  :  We  will  go 
into  the  house  of  the  Lord. 

2  Our  feet  shall  stand  in  thy  gates  :  O  Jerusalem. 

3  Jerusalem  is  built  as  a  city  :  that  is  at  unity  in 
itself. 

4  For  thither  the  tribes  go  up,  even  the  tribes  of 
the  Lord  :  to  testify  unto  Israel,  to  give  thanks  unto 
the  Name  of  the  Lord. 

5  For  there  is  the  seat  of  judgement :  even  the  seat 
of  the  house  of  David. 

6  O  pray  for  the  peace  of  Jerusalem  :  they  shall 
prosper  that  love  thee. 

7  Peace  be  within  thy  walls  :  and  plenteousness 
within  thy  palaces. 

8  For  my  brethren  and  companions'  sakes  :  I  will 
wish  thee  prosperity. 

9  Yea,  because  of  the  house  of  the  Lord  our  God  : 
I  will  seek  to  do  thee  good. 

Psalm  CXXIII.     Ad  te  kvavi  oculos  meos. 

1  Unto  thee  lift  I  up  mine  eyes  :  O  thou  that 
dwellest  in  the  heavens. 

2  Behold,  even  as  the  eyes  of  servants  look  unto 
the  hand  of  their  masters,  and  as  the  eyes  of  a  maiden 
unto  the  hand  of  her  mistress  :  even  so  our  eyes 
wait  upon  the  Lord  our  God,  until  he  have  mercy 
upon  us. 


1  More  lit.  joined  well  together',  i.e.  consisting  of  well-built 
houses,  and  encircled  by  walls. 


BOOK  V]  PSALMS    CXXII,    CXXIII  381 


8  Jehovah  shall  keep  thy  going  out  and  thy  coming  in, 
from  this  time  forth  and  for  ever. 

Psalm  CXXII. 

1  I  was  glad  at  them  which  said  unto  me, 

'  We  will  go  unto  the  house  of  Jehovah  ; ' 

2  Our  feet  were  standing  at  last 

in  thy  gates,  O  Jerusalem : 

3  Jerusalem,  that  art  builded 

as  a  city  that  is  compact  together ' ; 

4  Whither  the  tribes  went  up,  (even)  the  tribes  of 

Jah,  as  a  testimony  ^  unto  Israel, 
to  give  thanks  unto  the  name  of  Jehovah. 

5  For  there  were  set  thrones  for  judgement, 

(even)  the  thrones  of  the  house  of  David. 

6  O  pray  for  the  peace  of  Jerusalem  : 

let  them  prosper  that  love  thee. 

7  Peace  be  within  thy  ramparts, 

(and)  prosperity  within  thy  palaces. 

8  For  my  brethren  and  companions'  sakes, 

I  will  wish  thee,  now,  peace  I 

9  For  the  sake  of  the  house  of  Jehovah  our  God 

I  will  seek  thy  good. 

Psalm  CXXIII. 

1  Unto  thee  lift  I  up  mine  eyes, 

O  thou  that  sittest  in  the  heavens. 

2  Behold,  as  the  eyes  of  servants  (look)  unto  the 

hand  of  their  masters, 
as  the  eyes  of  a  maiden  unto  the  hand  of  her 

mistress  ; 
so  our  eyes  (look)  unto  Jehovah  our  God, 
until  he  be  gracious  unto  us. 

^  Cf.  the  note  on  Ps.  Ixxxi.  5. 
'  Heb.  speak  peace  of  thee. 


382  THE  PSALMS  [daY  27 


3  Have  mercy  upon  us,  O  Lord,  have  mercy  upon 
us  :  for  we  are  utterly  despised. 

4  Our  soul  is  filled  with  the  scornful  reproof  of  the 
wealthy  :  and  with  the  despitefulness  of  the  proud. 


Psalm  CXXIV.     Nisi  quia  Dominus. 

1  If  the  Lord  himself  had  not  been  on  our  side, 
now  may  Israel  say  :  if  the  Lord  himself  had  not 
been  on  our  side,  when  men  rose  up  against  us  ; 

2  They  had  swallowed  us  up  quick  :  when  they 
were  so  wrathfuUy  displeased  at  us. 

3  Yea,  the  waters  had  drowned  us  :  and  the  stream 
had  gone  over  our  soul. 

4  The  deep  waters  of  the  proud  :  had  gone  even 
over  our  soul. 

5  But  praised  be  the  Lord  :  who  hath  not  given  us 
over  for  a  prey  unto  their  teeth. 

6  Our  soul  is  escaped  even  as  a  bird  out  of  the 
snare  of  the  fowler  :  the  snare  is  broken,  and  we  are 
delivered. 

7  Our  help  standeth  in  the  Name  of  the  Lord  :  who 
hath  made  heaven  and  earth. 


Psalm  CXXV.     Qui  confidunt. 

1  They  that  put  their  trust  in  the  Lord  shall  be 
even  as  the  mount  Sion  :  which  may  not  be  removed, 
but  standeth  fast  for-ever. 

2  The  hills  stand  about  Jerusalem  :  even  so  standeth 
the  Lord  round  about  his  people,  from  this  time  forth 
for  evermore. 


BOOK  v]  PSALMS    CXXIV,    CXXV  383 


Be  gracious  unto  us,  Jehovah,  be  gracious  unto  us ; 
for  we  are  exceedingly  filled  with  contempt. 

Exceedingly  hath  our  soul  had  her  fill 
of  the  mocking  of  them  that  are  at  ease, 
(and)  of  the  contempt  of  the  proud. 


Psalm  CXXIV. 

'  If  it  had  not  been  Jehovah  who  was  for  us,' 

let  Israel,  now,  say  ; 
'  If  it  had  not  been  Jehovah  who  was  for  us, 

'  when  men  rose  up  against  us  : 
'  Then  they  had  swallowed  us  up  alive, 

'  when  their  anger  was  kindled  against  us : 
'  Then  the  waters  had  washed  us  away, 

*  the  torrent  had  gone  over  our  soul : 
'  Then  the  proud  waters 

'  had  gone  over  our  soul.' 

Blessed  be  Jehovah, 

who  hath  not  given  us  over  for  a  prey  unto  their 
teeth. 
Our  soul  is  escaped  as  a  bird  out  of  the  trap  of 
the  fowlers ; 
the  trap  is  broken,  and  we  are  escaped. 
Our  help  is  in  the  name  of  Jehovah, 
the  maker  of  heaven  and  earth. 


Psalm  CXXV. 

They  that  trust  in  Jehovah 

are  as  mount  Zion,  which  cannot  be  moved, 
but  abideth  for  ever. 
As  the  mountains  are  round  about  Jerusalem, 

so  Jehovah  is  round  about  his  people, 

from  this  time  forth  and  for  ever. 


384  THE   PSALMS  [daY  27 

3  For  the  rod  of  the  ungodly  cometh  not  into  the 
lot  of  the  righteous  :  lest  the  righteous  put  their  hand 
unto  wickedness. 

4  Do  well,  O  Lord  :  unto  those  that  are  good  and 
true  of  heart. 

5  As  for  such  as  turn  back  unto  their  own  wicked- 
ness :  the  Lord  shall  lead  them  forth  with  the  evil- 
doers ;  but  peace  shall  be  upon  Israel. 

E  VENING  FRA  YER. 

Psalm  CXXVI.     In  convertendo. 

1  When  the  Lord  turned  again  the  captivity  of 
Sion  :  then  were  we  like  unto  them  that  dream. 

2  Then  was  our  mouth  filled  with  laughter  :  and 
our  tongue  with  joy. 

3  Then  said  they  among  the  heathen  :  The  Lord 
hath  done  great  things  for  them. 

4  Yea,  the  Lord  hath  done  great  things  for  us 
already  :  whereof  we  rejoice. 

5  Turn  our  captivity,  O  Lord  :  as  the  rivers  in  the 
south. 

6  They  that  sow  in  tears  :  shall  reap  in  joy. 

7  He  that  now  goeth  on  his  way  weeping,  and 
beareth  forth  good  seed  :  shall  doubtless  come  again 
with  joy,  and  bring  his  sheaves  with  him. 


Psalm  CXXVIL     Nisi  Dominus. 
I  Except  the  Lord  build  the  house  :  their  labour  is 
but  lost  that  build  it. 


1  Read  probably,  with  the  Ancient  Versions,  slightly  changing 
the  text,  turtied  the  captivity  (or,  turned  the  fortunes)  of  Zion ;  of. 
V,  4.  2  Or,  perhaps.  Turn  our  fortunes. 


BOOK  V]  PSALMS    CXXVI,    CXXVII  385 


<j 


3  For  the  sceptre  of  wickedness  shall  not  rest  upon 
the  lot  of  the  righteous  ; 
that   the  righteous  put   not  forth  their  hands 
unto  iniquity. 

Do  good,  Jehovah,  unto  those  that  are  good, 

and  to  them  that  are  upright  in  their  hearts. 
But  as  for  such  as  turn  aside  their  crooked  ways, 
Jehovah  will  lead  them  away  with  the  workers 
of  naughtiness. 

Peace  be  upon  Israel ! 


Psalm  CXXVI. 

1  When  Jehovah  brought  back  the  returned  of  Zion  \ 

we  were  like  unto  them  that  dream  : 

2  Then  was  our  mouth  filled  with  laughter, 

and  our  tongue  with  a  ringing  cry  : 

then  said  they  among  the  nations, 

'  Jehovah  hath  done  great  things  with  these.' 

3  Jehovah  hath  done  great  things  with  us  ; 

(whereof)  we  are  glad. 

4  Turn  our  captivity  ^,  Jehovah, 

as  the  streams  in  the  South  ^ 

5  They  that  sow  in  tears 

shall  reap  with  ringing  cries. 

6  He  that  beareth  the  trail  *  of  seed  may  go  on  his 

way  weeping ; 
he  shall  surely  come  home  with  ringing  cries, 
bearing  his  sheaves. 

Psalm  CXXVII. 

I  Except  Jehovah  build  the  house, 

they  labour  upon  it  in  vain  that  build  it : 

'  i.e.  as  streams  in  the  arid  '  South  '  of  Judah  (^Gen.  xii.  9, 
R.  V.  marg.,  Josh.  xv.  21-32)  are  filled  with  water  by  the 
rains  of  autumn,  ^  Cf.  Am.  ix.  13  (Heb.^. 

C  C 


386  THE   PSALMS  [daY  27 

2  Except  the  Lord  keep  the  city  :  the  watchman 
waketh  but  in  vain. 

3  It  is  but  lost  labour  that  ye  haste  to  rise  up  early, 
and  so  late  take  rest,  and  eat  the  bread  of  carefulness  : 
for  so  he  giveth  his  beloved  sleep. 

4  Lo,  children  and  the  fruit  of  the  womb  :  are  an 
heritage  and  gift  that  cometh  of  the  Lord. 

5  Like  as  the  arrows  in  the  hand  of  the  giant  : 
even  so  are  the  young  children. 

6  Happy  is  the  man  that  hath  his  quiver  full  of 
them  ;  they  shall  not  be  ashamed  when  they  speak 
with  their  enemies  in  the  gate. 


Psalm  CXXVIII.     Beati  omnes. 

1  Blessed  are  all  they  that  fear  the  Lord  :  and  walk 
in  his  ways. 

2  For  thou  shalt  eat  the  labours  of  thine  hands  : 
O  well  is  thee,  and  happy  shalt  thou  be. 

3  Thy  wife  shall  be  as  the  fruitful  vine  :  upon  the 
walls  of  thine  house. 

4  Thy  children  like  the  olive-branches  :  round 
about  thy  table. 

5  Lo,  thus  shall  the  man  be  blessed  :  that  feareth 
the  Lord. 

6  The  Lord  from  out  of  Sion  shall  so  bless  thee  : 
that  thou  shalt  see  Jerusalem  in  prosperity  all  thy  life 
long. 

7  Yea,  that  thou  shalt  see  thy  children's  children  : 
and  peace  upon  Israel. 

*  Lit.  the  keeper. 

*  Prov.  X.  22,  R.V.  ntarg. 

^  Read  perhaps,  adding  a  letter,  Surely  he  giveth. 

*  Because,  when  their  father  is  old,  they  will  be  grown  up, 
and  able  to  stand  by  and  defend  him  (v.  5). 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CX XVIII  387 


except  Jehovah  keep  the  city, 

the  watchman  '  waketh  but  in  vain. 

2  It  is  vain  for  you,  O  ye  that  rise  up  early,  and  sit 

down  late, 
eating  the  bread  of  toils  ^ : 
so  giveth  he  '  to  his  beloved  in  sleep. 

3  Lo,  sons  are  an  heritage  of  Jehovah  ; 

the  fruit  of  the  womb  is  (his)  reward. 

4  As  arrows  in  the  hand  of  a  warrior, 

so  are  the  sons  of  (a  man's)  youth  *. 

5  Happy  is  the  man  that  hath  filled  his  quiver  with 

them  : 
they  shall  not  be  put  to  shame, 
when  they  speak  with  (their)  enemies  in  the  gate\ 

Psalm  CXXVIII. 

1  Happy  is  every  one  that  feareth  Jehovah, 

that  walketh  in  his  ways. 

2  For  thou  shalt  eat  the  labour  of  thine  hands ; 

happy  art  thou,  and  well  shall  it  be  with  thee. 

3  Thy  wife  shall  be  as  a  fruitful  vine,  in  the  inner- 

most parts  of  thine  house " ; 
thy  children  like  olive-plants,  round  about  thy 
table. 

4  Lo,  thus  shall  the  man  be  blessed, 

that  feareth  Jehovah. 

5  Jehovah  bless  thee  out  of  Zion  ; 

and  look  thou  upon  the  prosperity  of  Jerusalem 
all  the  days  of  thy  life  ; 

6  and  see  thy  children's  children. 

Peace  be  upon  Israel ! 

'  The  place  where  judgement  was  often  administered  (Deut. 
xxi.  19,  Am.  V.  12).  The  man  who  has  a  number  of  stalwart 
sons  to  support  him,  will  not  be  exposed  there  to  the  danger 
of  an  unjust  conviction. 

o  i.  e.  in  the  secluded  women's  apartments. 

C  C  2 


388  THE  PSALMS  [day  27 

Psalm  CXXIX.     Scepe  expugnaveruni. 

1  Many  a  time  have  they  fought  against  me  from 
my  youth  up  :  may  Israel  now  say. 

2  Yea,  many  a  time  have  they  vexed  me  from  my 
youth  up  :  but  they  have  not  prevailed  against  me. 

3  The  plowers  plowed  upon  my  back  :  and  made 
long  furrows. 

4  But  the  righteous  Lord  :  hath  hewn  the  snares  of 
the  ungodly  in  pieces. 

5  Let  them  be  confounded  and  turned  backward  : 
as  many  as  have  evil  will  at  Sion. 

6  Let  them  be  even  as  the  grass  growing  upon  the 
housetops  :  which  withereth  afore  it  be  plucked  up ; 

7  Whereof  the  mower  filleth  not  his  hand  :  neither 
he  that  bindeth  up  the  sheaves  his  bosom. 

8  So  that  they  who  go  by  say  not  so  much  as,  The 
Lord  prosper  you  :  we  wish  you  good  luck  in  the  Name 
of  the  Lord. 

Psalm  CXXX.     De  profundis. 

1  Out  of  the  deep  have  I  called  unto  thee,  O  Lord  : 
Lord,  hear  my  voice. 

2  O  let  thine  ears  consider  well  :  the  voice  of  my 
complaint. 

3  If  thou,  Lord,  wilt  be  extreme  to  mark  what  is 
done  amiss  :  O  Lord,  who  may  abide  it  ? 

4  For  there  is  mercy  with  thee  :  therefore  shalt  thou 
be  feared. 

5  I  look  for  the  Lord ;  my  soul  doth  wait  for  him  : 
in  his  word  is  my  trust. 

6  My  soul  fleeth  unto  the  Lord  :  before  the  morning 
watch,  I  say,  before  the  morning  watch. 


BOOK  V]  PSALMS    CXXIX,    CXXX  389 


Psalm  CXXIX. 

1  '  Greatly  have  they  afflicted  me  from  my  youth  up,' 

let  Israel  now  say  ; 

2  *  Greatly  have  they  afflicted  me  from  my  youth  up  : 

'but  they  have  not  prevailed  against  me. 

3  'The  plowers  plowed  upon  my  back : 

'  they  made  long  their  furrows. 

4  '  Jehovah  is  righteous  : 

'he  hath  knapped  the. cords  of  the  wicked  in 
sunder.' 

5  Let  them  be  ashamed  and  retreat  backward, 

as  many  as  hate  Zion. 

6  Let  them  be  as  the  grass  of  the  housetops, 

which  withereth  afore  it  be  unsheathed  : 

7  Wherewith  the  reaper  filleth  not  his  hand ; 

nor  he  that  bindeth  sheaves  his  bosom : 

8  And  they  who  go  by  say  not : 

'  The  blessing  of  Jehovah  be  upon  you ; 
*we  bless  you  in  the  name  of  Jehovah.' 

Psalm  CXXX. 

1  Out   of  the   depths    have   I   called    upon    thee, 

Jehovah. 

2  Lord,  hearken  unto  my  voice  ; 

let  thine  ears  be  attentive 

to  the  voice  of  my  supplications. 

3  If  thou  shouldest  mark  iniquities,  O  Jab, 

Lord,  who  would  stand  ? 

4  For  with  thee  there  is  pardon, 

in  order  that  thou  mayest  be  feared. 

5  I  wait  for  Jehovah,  my  soul  doth  wait, 

and  in  his  word  do  I  hope. 

6  My  soul  (looketh)  for  the  Lord, 

more  than  watchmen  (look)  for  the  morning, 
(yea,    more    than)   watchmen    (look)    for    the 
morning. 


390  THE   PSALMS  [daY  28 


7  O  Israel,  trust  in  the  Lord,  for  with  the  Lord 
there  is  mercy  :  and  with  him  is  plenteous  redemp- 
tion. 

8  And  he  shall  redeem  Israel  :  from  all  his  sins. 


Psalm  CXXXI.     Domine,  non  est. 

1  Lord,  I  am  not  high-minded  :  I  have  no  proud 
looks. 

2  I  do  not  exercise  myself  in  great  matters  :  which 
are  too  high  for  me. 

3  But  I  refrain  my  soul,  and  keep  it  low,  like  as 
a  child  that  is  weaned  from  his  mother  :  yea,  my  soul 
is  even  as  a  weaned  child. 

4  O  Israel,  trust  in  the  Lord  :  from  this  time  forth 
for  evermore. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CXXXII.     Memejito,  Domine. 

1  Lord,  remember  David  :  and  all  his  trouble ; 

2  How  he  sware  unto  the  Lord  :  and  vowed  a  vow 
unto  the  Almighty  God  of  Jacob  ; 

3  I  will  not  come  within  the  tabernacle  of  mine 
house  :  nor  chmb  up  into  my  bed  ; 

4  I  will  not  suffer  mine  eyes  to  sleep,  nor  mine 

eye-lids   to   slumber  :  (^neither  the  temples  of  my  head  to 
take  any  rest  ;) 

5  Until  I  find  out  a  place  for  the  temple  of  the 
Lord  :  an  habitation  for  the  mighty  God  of  Jacob. 

^  Strictly,  ransoming  (Ps.  cxi.  9). 
*  Cf.  I  Ch.  xxii.  14. 


BOOK  V]  PSALMS    CXXXI,    CXXXII  39I 


7  O  Israel,  hope  in  Jehovah  : 

for  with  Jehovah  there  is  kindness, 
and  with  him  is  plenteous  redemption  \ 

8  And  he  will  ransom  Israel 

from  all  his  iniquities. 

Psalm  CXXXI. 

1  Jehovah,  my  heart  is  not  haughty,  nor  mine  eyes 

lofty  ; 
neither  walk  I  in  things  too  great, 
or  in  things  too  dififiicult  for  me. 

2  Surely  I  have  composed  and  quieted  my  soul : 

like  a  weaned  child  upon  his  mother, 
my  soul  is  upon  me  like  a  weaned  child. 

3  O  Israel,  hope  in  Jehovah 

from  this  time  forth  and  for  ever. 


PSAIM   CXXXII. 

1  Jehovah,  remember  unto  David 

all  his  afflictedness  ^ : 

2  How  he  sware  unto  Jehovah, 

(and)  vowed  unto  the  Puissant  One  of  Jacob 

3  'Surely   I  will  not  come  into  the  tent  of  mine 

house, 
'  nor  go  up  into  the  bed  of  my  couch  : 

4  '  I  will  not  give  sleep  to  mine  eyes, 

'  nor  slumber  to  mine  eyelids  : 

5  '  Until  I  find  a  place  for  Jehovah, 

'  a  dwelling-place  for  the  Puissant  One  of  Jacob.' 


,  3 


^  A  divine  title,  occurring  elsewhere  only  v.  5,  Gen.  xlix.  24, 
Is.  i.  24  ('of  Israel'),  xlix.  26,  Ix.  16. 


392  THE  PSALMS  [day  28 

6  Lo,  we  heard  of  the  same  at  Ephrata  :  and  found 
it  in  the  wood. 

7  We  will  go  into  his  tabernacle  :  and  fall  low  on 
our  knees  before  his  footstool. 

8  Arise,  O  Lord,  into  thy  resting-place  :  thou,  and 
the  ark  of  thy  strength. 

9  Let  thy  priests  be  clothed  with  righteousness  :  and 
let  thy  saints  sing  with  joyfulness. 

10  For  thy  servant  David's  sake  :  turn  not  away 
the  presence  of  thine  Anointed. 

1 1  The  Lord  hath  made  a  faithful  oath  unto  David  : 
and  he  shall  not  shrink  from  it ; 

12  Of  the  fruit  of  thy  body  :  shall  I  set  upon  thy 
seat. 

13  If  thy  children  will  keep  my  covenant,  and  my 
testimonies  that  I  shall  learn  them  :  their  children 
also  shall  sit  upon  thy  seat  for  evermore. 

14  For  the  Lord  hath  chosen  Sion  to  be  an  habita- 
tion for  himself  :  he  hath  longed  for  her. 

15  This  shall  be  my  rest  for  ever  :  here  will  I  dwell, 
for  I  have  a  delight  therein. 

16  I  will  bless  her  victuals  with  increase  :  and  will 
satisfy  her  poor  with  bread. 

17  I  will  deck  her  priests  with  health  :  and  her 
saints  shall  rejoice  and  sing. 

18  There  shall  I  make  the  horn  of  David  to  flourish  : 
I  have  ordained  a  lantern  for  mine  Anointed. 

19  As  for  his  enemies,  I  shall  clothe  them  with 
shame  :  but  upon  himself  shall  his  crown  flourish. 

'  In  vv.  6-10  Israel  speaks,  expressing  dramatically  in  vv. 
6-7  the  national  sentiment  of  the  age  of  David  (,2  Sam.  vi.), 
in  vv.  8-9  that  of  the  age  of  Solomon,  at  the  time  of  the 
Dedication  of  the  Temple  (i  Ki.  viii),  and  in  v.  10,  probably, 
that  of  the  Psalmist's  own  age. 

^  i.  e.  in  Kirjath-jearim,  the  *  city  of  the  woods,'  where  the 
Ark  was,  when  David  and  the  Israelites  were  preparing  to 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXXXII  393 


6  '  Lo  S  we  heard  of  it  (as  being)  in  Ephrathah  ; 

'  we  found  it  in  the  fields  of  the  wood^ : 

7  '  Let  us  go  into  his  dwelling-place ; 

'  let  us  worship  towards  his  footstool. 

8  '  Arise,  Jehovah,  into  thy  resting-place, 

'  thou,  and  the  ark  of  thy  strength  : 

9  '  Let  thy  priests  be  clothed  with  righteousness, 

'  and  let  thy  godly  ones  ring  out  their  joy. 

10  '  For  thy  servant  David's  sake 

'turn  not  away  the  face  of  thine  anointed.' 

1 1  Jehovah  sware  unto  David  in  truth ; 

he  will  not  turn  back  from  it : 
'  Of  the  fruit  of  thy  body  will  I  set  upon  thy 
throne : 

12  '  If  thy  children  keep  my  covenant, 

'  and  my  testimonies  that  I  shall  teach  them, 
'  their  children  also  for  ever 
'  shall  sit  upon  thy  throne.' 

13  For  Jehovah  hath  chosen  Zion  ; 

he  hath  desired  it  for  his  abode  : 

14  'This  is  my  resting-place  for  ever; 

'here  will  I  abide,  for  I  have  desired  it. 

15  *  I  will  surely  bless  her  provision  : 

'  her  needy  ones  I  will  satisfy  with  bread. 

16  '  Her  priests  also  I  will  clothe  with  salvation  : 

'and  her  godly  ones  shall  ring  out  their  joy. 

17  'There  will  I  make  a  horn  to   bud   forth   unto 

David  ^ : 
'  I  have  set  in  order  a  lamp  for  mine  anointed  *, 

18  '  His  enemies  I  will  clothe  with  shame  : 

'  but  upon  himself  shall  his  crown  blossom  ^' 

remove  it  to  Jerusalem  (i  Ch.  xiii.  5,  6\  There  are  reasons 
for  thinking  that  Ephrathah  may  have  been  the  name  of  the 
district  around  Kirjath-jearim. 

*  Cf.  Ez.  xxix.  21. 

*  The  lamp  burning  in  a  house,  or  tent,  implying  its  con- 
tinued prosperity  :  cf.  i  Ki.  xi.  36,  xv.  4  ;  and  the  opposite, 
Prov.  XX.  20.  ^  Or,  perhaps,  glitter. 


394  ^^^  PSALMS  [day  28 

Psalm  CXXXIII.     Ecce,  quam  bonum  ! 

1  Behold,  how  good  and  joyful  a  thing  it  is  : 
brethren,  to  dwell  together  in  unity  ! 

2  It  is  like  the  precious  ointment  upon  the  head, 
that  ran  down  unto  the  beard  :  even  unto  Aaron's 
beard,  and  went  down  to  the  skirts  of  his  clothing. 

3  Like  as  the  dew  of  Hermon  :  which  fell  upon  the 
hill  of  Sion. 

4  For  there  the  Lord  promised  his  blessing  :  and 
life  for  evermore. 


Psalm  CXXXIV.     Ecce  nunc. 

1  Behold  (now),  praise  the  Lord  :  all  ye  servants  of 
the  Lord ; 

2  Ye  that  by  night  stand  in  the  house  of  the  Lord  : 
(even  in  the  courts  of  the  house  of  our  God). 

3  Lift  up  your  hands  in  the  sanctuary  :  and  praise 
the  Lord. 


4  The  Lord  that  made  heaven  and  earth  :  give  thee 
blessing  out  of  Sion. 

Psalm  CXXXV.     Laiidate  Nomen. 

1  O  praise  the  Lord,  laud  ye  the  Name  of  the  Lord  : 
praise  [it],  O  ye  servants  of  the  Lord ; 

2  Ye  that  stand  in  the  house  of  the  Lord  :  in  the 
courts  of  the  house  of  our  God. 

^  i.  e.  in  a  manner  corresponding  to  the  idea  of '  brethren  ' : 
whether  united  locally  in  Jerusalem,  and  no  longer  scattered 
among  the  heathen,  or  'in  unity'  of  mind  and  temper. 

^  So  the  Heb.  interpunction.     Many  authorities,  however, 


BOOK  v]        PSALMS    CXXXni-CXXXV  395 


Psalm  CXXXIII. 

1  Behold,  how  good  and  how  pleasant  it  is 

for  brethren  to  dwell  also  ^  together  ! 

2  It  is  like  the  goodly  oil  upon  the  head, 

coming  down  upon  the  beard, 
(even)  Aaron's  beard,  which ^  cometh  down  upon 
the  collar  of  his  garments  : 

3  Like  the  dew  of  Hermon, 

which  cometh    down    upon    the   mountains  of 

Zion: 
for  there  Jehovah  commanded  the  blessing, 
(even)  life  for  ever. 

Psalm  CXXXIV. 

{Greeting  addressed  to  the  night-watchers  in  the  Temple^ 

1  Behold,   bless   ye    Jehovah,    all    ye    servants    of 

Jehovah, 
who  in  the  nights^  stand  in  the  house  of  Jehovah  : 

2  Lift  up  your  hands  to  the  sanctuary, 

and  bless  Jehovah. 

(  Their  reply. ) 

3  Jehovah  bless  thee  out  of  Zion, 

(even)  the  maker  of  heaven  and  earth. 

Psalm  CXXXV. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  *. 
Praise  ye  the  name  of  Jehovah  ; 

praise  (it),  O  ye  servants  of  Jehovah: 

2  Ye  that  stand  in  the  house  of  Jehovah, 

in  the  courts  of  the  house  of  our  God. 

prefer  to  attach  '  (even)  Aaron's  beard '  to  the  preceding  line 
(referring  '  which  '  to  the  oil). 

^  See  I  Ch.  ix.  33  end. 

*  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


396  THE  PSALMS  [daY  28 


3  O  praise  the  Lord,  for  the  Lord  is  gracious  : 
O  sing  praises  unto  his  N»me,  for  it  is  lovely. 

4  For  why?  the  Lord  hath  chosen  Jacob  unto 
himself  :  and  Israel  for  his  own  possession. 

5  For  I  know  that  the  Lord  is  great  :  and  that  our 
Lord  is  above  all  gods. 

6  Whatsoever  the  Lord  pleased,  that  did  he  in 
heaven,  and  in  earth  :  and  in  the  sea,  and  in  all  deep 
places. 

7  He  bringeth  forth  the  clouds  from  the  ends  of 
the  world  :  and  sendeth  forth  lightnings  with  the  rain, 
bringing  the  winds  out  of  his  treasures. 

8  He  smote  the  first-born  of  Egypt  :  both  of  man 
and  beast. 

9  He  hath  sent  tokens  and  wonders  into  the  midst 
of  thee,  O  thou  land  of  Egypt  :  upon  Pharaoh,  and  all 
his  servants. 

10  He  smote  divers  nations  :  and  slew  mighty 
kings ; 

1 1  Sehon  king  of  the  Amorites,  and  Og  the  king  of 
Basan  :  and  all  the  kingdoms  of  Canaan  ; 

12  And  gave  their  land  to  be  an  heritage  :  even  an 
heritage  unto  Israel  his  people. 

13  Thy  Name,  O  Lord,  endureth  for  ever  :  so  doth 
thy  memorial,  O  Lord,  from  one  generation  to  another. 

14  For  the  Lord  will  avenge  his  people  :  and  be 
gracious  unto  his  servants. 

15  As  for  the  images  of  the  heathen,  they  are  but 
silver  and  gold  :  the  work  of  men's  hands. 


*  Ex.  xix.  5. 

2  The  subterranean  waters  (xxiv.  2,  cxxxvi.  6). 

3  See  Jer.  x.  13.  *  Cf.  Ps.  xxx.  4. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM  CXXXV  397 


o 


Praise  ye  Jah,  for  Jehovah  is  good  : 

make  melody  unto  his  name,  for  it  is  sweet. 

4  For  Jah  hath  chosen  Jacob  unto  himself, 

(and)  Israel  for  his  peculiar  treasure  ^ 

5  For  /  know  that  Jehovah  is  great, 

and  that  our  Lord  is  above  all  gods. 

6  Whatsoever  Jehovah  pleased,  he  hath  done, 

in  heaven,  and  in  earth, 
in  the  seas,  and  all  deeps  "^ : 

7  Who  causeth  vapours  to  ascend  from  the  bounds 

of  the  earth ; 
he  maketh  lightnings  for  the  rain  ; 
he  bringeth  forth  the  wind  out  of  his  treasuries  ^ 

8  Who  smote  the  first-born  of  Egypt, 

both  of  man  and  beast. 

9  He  sent  signs  and  portents  into  the  midst  of  thee, 

O  Egypt, 
upon  Pharaoh,  and  upon  all  his  servants. 

10  Who  smote  many  nations, 

and  slew  mighty  kings ; 

1 1  Sihon  king  of  the  Amorites, 

and  Og  the  king  of  Bashan, 
and  all  the  kingdoms  of  Canaan  : 

1 2  And  gave  their  land  as  an  heritage, 

an  heritage  unto  Israel  his  people. 

1 3  Jehovah  !  thy  name  (endureth)  for  ever  ; 

Jehovah  !  thy  memorial^  is  unto  all  generations  ^ 

14  For  Jehovah  will  judge  his  people, 

and  repent  himself  concerning  his  servants  I 

15  The '  idols  of  the  nations  are  silver  and  gold, 

the  work  of  men's  hands. 


^  Ex.  iii.  15.  °  Deut.  xxxii.  36. 

^  Cf.  Ps.  cxv.  4-8,  9  fl,  10  a,  II  rt. 


398  THE  PSALMS  [day  28 


16  They  have  mouths,  and  speak  not  :  eyes  have 
they,  but  they  see  not. 

1 7  They  have  ears,  and  yet  they  hear  not  :  neither 
is  there  any  breath  in  their  mouths. 

18  They  that  make  them  are  like  unto  them  :  and 
so  are  all  they  that  put  their  trust  in  them. 

19  Praise  the  Lord,  ye  house  of  Israel  :  praise  the 
Lord,  ye  house  of  Aaron. 

20  Praise  the  Lord,  ye  house  of  Levi  :  ye  that  fear 
the  Lord,  praise  the  Lord. 

21  Praised  be  the  Lord  out  of  Sion  :  who  dwelleth 
at  Jerusalem. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  CXXXVL     Confitemini. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord,  for  he  is  gracious  : 
and  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

2  O  give  thanks  unto  the  God  of  all  gods  :  for  his 
mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

3  O  thank  the  Lord  of  all  lords  :  for  his  mercy 
endureth  for  ever. 

4  Who  only  doeth  great  wonders  :  for  his  mercy 
endureth  for  ever. 

5  Who  by  his  excellent  wisdom  made  the  heavens  : 
for  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

6  Who  laid  out  the  earth  above  the  waters  :  for  his 
mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

7  Who  hath   made   great   lights   :  for  his   mercy 
endureth  for  ever ; 

8  The  sun  to  rule- the  day  :  for  his  mercy  endureth 
for  ever ; 

^  Heb.  Hallelujah, 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXXXVI  399 

1 6  They  have  mouths,  and  speak  not; 

eyes  have  they,  but  they  see  not : 

17  They  have  ears,  but  they  give  no  ear ; 

neither  is  there  any  breath  in  their  mouths. 

18  They  that   make  them   shall   become   like   unto 

them  : 
(yea,)  every  one  that  trusteth  in  them. 

19  O  house  of  Israel,  bless  ye  Jehovah  ; 

O  house  of  Aaron,  bless  ye  Jehovah  : 

20  O  house  of  Levi,  bless  ye  Jehovah  ; 

ye  that  fear  Jehovah,  bless  ye  Jehovah. 

21  Blessed  be  Jehovah  out  of  Zion, 

who  dwelleth  in  Jerusalem. 
Praise  ye  Jah  ^  1 


Psalm  CXXXVI. 

1  O  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  for  he  is  good, 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

2  O  give  thanks  unto  the  God  of  gods  : 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

3  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord  of  lords  : 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

4  To  him  who  alone  doeth  great  wonders : 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 
•  5  To  him  who  by  understanding  made  the  heavens: 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

6  To   him  who   spread   forth   the  earth   upon   the 

waters  ^ : 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

7  To  him  that  made  great  lights  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

8  The  sun  to  rule  by  day  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

^  Cf.  xxiv,  2,  Ex.  XX.  4. 


400  THE  PSALMS  [day  28 

9  The  moon  and  the  stars  to  govern  the  night  :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

ID  Who  smote  Egypt  with  their  first-born  :  for  his 
mercy  endureth  for  ever ; 

11  And  brought  out  Israel  from  among  them  :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever  ; 

1 2  With  a  mighty  hand,  and  stretched  out  arm  :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

13  Who  divided  the  Red  sea  in  two  parts  :  for  his 
mercy  endureth  for  ever ; 

14  And  made  Israel  to  go  through  the  midst  of  it : 
for  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

15  But  as  for  Pharaoh  and  his  host,  he  overthrew 
them  in  the  Red  sea  :  for  his  mercy  endureth  for 
ever. 

16  Who  led  his  people  through  the  wilderness  :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 


17  Who  smote  great  kings  :  for  his  mercy  endureth 
for  ever ; 

18  Yea,  and  slew  mighty  kings   :  for  his   mercy 
endureth  for  ever ; 

19  Sehon  king  of  the  Amorites   :  for  his  mercy 
endureth  for  ever ; 

20  And  Og   the   king  of  Basan   :  for  his  mercy 
endureth  for  ever ; 

21  And  gave  away  their  land  for  an  heritage  :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever  ; 

22  Even  for  an  heritage  unto  Israel  his  servant :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

23  Who  remembered  us  when  we  were  in  trouble  : 
for  his  mercy  endureth  for  ever. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXXXVI  401 

9  The  moon  and  the  stars  to  rule  by  night  : 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

10  To  him  who  smote  Egypt  in  their  first-born  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

11  And  brought  out  Israel  from  the  midst  of  them  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

12  With  a  mighty  hand,  and  with  a  stretched   out 

arm ; 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

13  To  him  who  divided  the  Red  sea  into  (two)  parts  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

14  And  made  Israel  to  pass  through  the  midst  of  it ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

15  But  shook  off'  Pharaoh  and  his  host  in  the  Red 

sea : 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

16  To  him  who  led  his  people  through  the  wilder- 

ness : 
for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

17  To  him  who  smote  great  kings  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

18  And  slew  noble  kings  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

19  Sihon  king  of  the  Amorites  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever : 

20  And  Og  the  king  of  Bashan  ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever : 

21  And  gave  their  land  for  an  heritage ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever  : 

22  (Even)  an  heritage  unto  Israel  his  servant; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

23  Who  remembered  us  in  our  abasement; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever : 


Ex.  xiv.  27. 

Dd 


402  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  28 

24  And  hath  delivered  us  from  our  enemies  :  for 
his  mercy  endureth  for  ever.  , 

25  Who  giveth  food  to  all  flesh  :  for  his  marcy 
endureth  for  ever.  \ 

26  O  give  thanks  unto  the  God  of  heaven  :  for  his 
mercy  endureth  for  ever. 

27  O  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord  of  lords  :  for  his  mercy 
endureth  for  ever. 

Psalm  CXXXVII.     Super flumina. 

1  By  the  waters  of  Babylon  we  sat  down  and  wept : 
when  we  remembered  (thee,  O)  Sion. 

2  As  for  our  harps,  we  hanged  them  up  :  upon  the 
trees  that  are  therein. 

3  For  they  that  led  us  away  captive  required  of  us 
then  a  sbng,  and  melody,  in  our  heaviness  :  Sing  us 
one  of  the  songs  of  Sion. 


4  How  shall  we  sing  the  Lord's  song  :  in  a  strange 
land? 

5  If  I  forget  thee,  O  Jerusalem  :  let  my  right  hand 
forget  [her  cunning]. 

6  If  I  do  not  remember  thee,  let  my  tongue  cleave 
to  the  roof  of  my  mouth  :  yea,  if  I  prefer  not  Jerusalem 
in  my  mirth. 

7  Remember  the  children  of  Edom,  O  Lord,  in  the 
day  of  Jerusalem  :  how  they  said,  Down  with  it,  down 
with  it,  even  to  the  ground. 

8  O  daughter  of  Babylon,  wasted  with  misery  :  yea, 
happy  shall  he  be  -that  rewardeth  thee,  as  thou  hast 
served  us. 

*  See  Is.   lii.  5.     But  the  rendering  is  questionable ;    read 
probably,  with  Targ.,  changing  one  letter,  they  that  spoiled  us. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXXXVII  403 

24  And  hath  rescued  us  from  our  adversaries ; 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

25  Who  giveth  food  to  all  flesh  : 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 

26  O  give  thanks  unto  the  God  of  heaven  : 

for  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever. 


Psalm  CXXXVII. 

1  By  the  rivers  of  Babylon, 

there  we  sat  down,  yea,  we  wept, 
when  we  remembered  Zion. 

2  Upon  the  poplars  in  the  midst  thereof 

we  hanged  up  our  harps. 

3  For  there  they  that  led  us  captive  asked  of  us  the 

words  of  a  song, 
and  they  that  howled  over  (?)  us  ^  (asked  of  us) 

mirth,  (saying,) 
*  Sing  us  one  of  the  songs  of  Zion.' 

4  How  shall  we  sing  Jehovah's  song 

in  a  foreign  land  ? 

5  If  I  forget  thee,  O  Jerusalem, 

let  my  right  hand  forget  (her  cunning). 

6  Let  my  tongue  cleave  to  the  roof  of  my  mouth, 

if  I  remember  thee  not ; 
if  I  set  not  Jerusalem 
above  my  chiefest  joy. 

7  Remember,  O  Jehovah,  against  the  children  of  Edom 

the  day  of  Jerusalem  ; 

who  said,  '  Lay  it  bare,  lay  it  bare, 

'even  to  the  foundation  therein.' 

8  O  daughter  of  Babylon,  thou  that  art  laid  waste^; 

happy  shall  he  be,  who  repayeth  thee 

thine  own  dealing,  which  thou  hast  dealt  out  to  us: 

-  /.  e.  perhaps,  thou  that  art  to  be  laidivaste.     But  Targ.,  Pesh., 
and  many  moderns,  read  (with  different  vowels),  thou  waster. 

D  d  2 


404  THE   PSALMS  [daY  29 

9  Blessed  shall  he  be  that  taketh  thy  children  :  and 
throweth  them  against  the  stones. 

Psalm  CXXXVIII.     Confitebor  tibi. 

1  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  with  my 
whole  heart  :  even  before  the  gods  will  I  sing  praise 
unto  thee. 

2  I  will  worship  toward  thy  holy  temple,  and  praise 
thy  Name,  because  of  thy  loving-kindness  and  truth  : 
for  thou  hast  magnified  thy  Name,  and  thy  Word, 
above  all  things. 

3  When  I  called  upon  thee,  thou  heardest  me  :  and 
enduedst  my  soul  with  much  strength. 

4  All  the  kings  of  the  earth  shall  praise  thee, 
O  Lord  :  for  they  have  heard  the  words  of  thy  mouth. 

5  Yea,  they  shall  sing  in  the  ways  of  the  Lord  :  that 
great  is  the  glory  of  the  Lord. 

6  For  though  the  Lord  be  high,  yet  hath  he 
respect  unto  the  lowly  :  as  for  the  proud,  he  be- 
holdeth  [them]  afar  off. 

7  Though  I  walk  in  the  midst  of  trouble,  yet  shall 
thou  refresh  me  :  thou  shalt  stretch  forth  thy  hand 
upon  the  furiousness  of  mine  enemies,  and  thy  right 
hand  shall  save  me. 

8  The  Lord  shall  make  good  his  loving-kindness 
toward  me  :  yea,  thy  mercy,  O  Lord,  endureth  for 
ever  ;  despise  not  then  the  works  of  thine  own  hands. 

MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CXXXIX.     Domine,probasti. 

I  O  Lord,  thou  hast  searched  me  out,  and  known 
me  :  thou  knowcst  -my  down-sitting,  and  mine  up- 
rising ;  thou  understandest  my  thoughts  long  before. 

'  The  fulfilment  of  Thy  promise  surpasses  the  renown  of  all 
Thy  former  mercies. 


BOOK  V]       PSALMS    CX XXV III,    CXXXIX  405 

9  Happy  shall  he  be,  who  taketh  and  dasheth 
thy  httle  ones  against  the  crags. 

Psalm  CXXXVIII. 

1  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee  with  my  whole  heart : 

in  the  sight  of  the  gods  will  I  make  melody  unto 
thee. 

2  I  will  worship  toward  thy  holy  temple, 

and  give  thanks  unto  thy  name  because  of  thy 
kindness  and  because  of  thy  faithfulness ; 

for  thou  hast  magnified  thy  word  above  all  thy 
name  ^ 

3  In  the  day  that  I  called,  thou  answeredst  me; 

thou  makest  me  proud  with  strength  in  my  soul. 

4  All  the  kings  of  the  earth  shall  give  thanks  unto 

thee,  Jehovah, 
because  they  have  heard  the  words  of  thy  mouth  : 

5  Yea,  they  shall  sing  of  the  ways  of  Jehovah  ; 

for  great  is  the  glory  of  Jehovah. 

6  For  Jehovah  is  high,  yet  seeth  he  the  lowly ; 

but  the  haughty  "  he  knoweth  from  afar. 

7  Though  I  walked  in  the  midst  of  trouble,  thou 

wouldest  quicken  me ; 
thou  wouldest  stretch  forth  thine  hand  against 

the  anger  of  mine  enemies, 
and  thy  right  hand  would  save  me. 

8  Jehovah  will  complete  (all  things)  *  on  my  behalf : 

Jehovah,  thy  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever ; 
discard  not  the  works  of  thine  own  hands. 

Psalm  CXXXIX. 

1  Jehovah,  thou  hast  searched  me,  and  known  (me). 

2  2'hoii  knowest  my  down-sitting  and  mine  up-rising, 

thou  understandest  my  thought  afar  off. 

2  Lit.  the  lofty.  ^  Cf.  Ps.  Ivil.  2. 


4o6  THE   PSALMS  [daY  29 

2  Thou  art  about  my  path,  and  about  my  bed  : 
and  spiest  out  all  my  ways. 

3  For  lo,  there  is  not  a  word  in  my  tongue  :  but 
thou,  O  Lord,  knowest  it  altogether. 

4  Thou  hast  fashioned  me  behind  and  before  :  and 
laid  thine  hand  upon  me. 

5  Such  knowledge  is  too  wonderful  and  excellent  for 
me  :  I  cannot  attain  unto  it. 

6  Whither  shall  I  go  then  from  thy  Spirit  :  or 
whither  shall  I  go  then  from  thy  presence  ? 

7  If  I  climb  up  into  heaven,  thou  art  there  :  if  I  go 
down  to  hell,  thou  art  there  also. 

8  If  I  take  the  wings  of  the  morning  :  and  remain 
in  the  uttermost  parts  of  the  sea ; 

9  Even  there  also  shall  thy  hand  lead  me  :  and 
thy  right  hand  shall  hold  me. 

10  If  I  say,  Perad venture  the  darkness  shall  cover 
me  :  then  shall  my  night  be  turned  to  day. 

1 1  Yea,  the  darkness  is  no  darkness  with  thee,  but 
the  night  is  as  clear  as  the  day  :  the  darkness  and 
light  [to  thee]  are  both  alike. 

12  For  my  reins  are  thine  :  thou  hast  covered  me 
in  my  mother's  womb. 

13  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,  for  I  am  fearfully 
and  wonderfully  made  :  marvellous  are  thy  works,  and 
that  my  soul  knoweth  right  well. 


*  Or,  winnowest,  i.  e.  scrutinizest  narrowly. 

^  The  word  used  implies  '  high  so  as  to  be  inaccessible'  ;  it 
is  used,  for  instance,  of  an  impregnable  city,  Deut.  ii.  36. 

'  Or,  hindmost  part.  'The  word  used  suggests  the  furthest 
West ;  cf.  the  expression  '  the  hinder  sea,'  of  the  Mediterra- 
nean Sea,  Deut.  xi.  24,  Zech.  xiv.  8  (R.V.  'western'). 

■*  So  with  the  change  of  a  point.     The  text  has,  So  I  said. 

*  So  the  Heb.  (Gen.  iii.  15,  '  bruise  ').     Read  probably,  with 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXXXIX  407 

3  Thou  siftest  ^  my  path  and  my  couch, 

and  art  acquainted  with  all  my  ways. 

4  For  there  is  not  a  word  in  my  tongue, 

but,  lo,  Jehovah,  thou  knowest  it  altogether. 

5  Thou  hast  shut  me  in  behind  and  before, 

and  laid  thine  hand  upon  me. 

6  (Such)  knowledge  is  too  wonderful  for  me  ; 

too  high  ^,  I  cannot  attain  unto  it. 

7  Whither  shall  I  go  from  thy  spirit? 

or  whither  shall  I  flee  from  thy  presence  ? 

8  If  I  ascend  up  into  heaven,  thou  art  there  ; 

and  if  I  make  Sheol  my  couch,  behold,  thou  art 
there. 

9  If  I  take  the  wings  of  the  dawn, 

and  dwell  in  the  uttermost  parts  ^  of  the  sea, 

10  Even  there  would  thy  hand  lead  me, 

and  thy  right  hand  would  hold  me. 

1 1  And  if  I  say  *,  '  Only  let  darkness  crush  me  ^, 

'  and  the  light  about  me  be  night ; ' 

12  Even  darkness  darkeneth  not  from  thee''; 

but  the  night  shineth  as  the  day; 
the  darkness  is  even  as  the  light. 

13  For  thou  art  the  author  of '^  my  reins  : 

thou  didst  knit  me  together"  in  my  mother's 
womb. 

14  I  will  give  thanks  unto  thee,   for  I  am  fearfully 

wondrous  °  : 
wonderful  are  thy  works  ; 
and  my  soul  knoweth  (it)  well. 

a  slight  change  (Symm.,  Jer.),  screen  me  i,Ps.  cxl.  7,  Ex. 
xxxiii.  22). 

''Or,  is  not  too  dark  for  thee, 

''  Heb.  hast  gotten  (Prov.  iv.  7)  or  acquired ;  viz.  by  origina- 
tion. Cf.  (in  the  Heb.)  Gen.  xiv.  19,  Deut.  xxxii.  6,  Prov.  viii.  22. 

"  Cf.  Job  X.  II,  R.V. 

^  Sept.,  Syr.,  Jer.  have,  thou  art  fearfully  wondrous.  (There 
i?  no  'made'  in  the  Hebrew.) 


4o8  THE   PSALMS  [daY  29 

14  My  bones  are  not  hid  from  thee  :  though  I  be 
made  secretly,  and  fashioned  beneath  in  the  earth. 


15  Thine  eyes  did  see  my  substance,  yet  being 
imperfect  :  and  in  thy  book  were  all  my  members 
written  ; 

16  Which  day  by  day  were  fashioned  :  when  as  yet 
there  was  none  of  them. 

17  How  dear  are  thy  counsels  unto  me,  O  God  : 
O  how  great  is  the  sum  of  them  ! 

18  If  I  tell  them,  they  are  more  in  number  than  the 
sand  :  when  I  wake  up  I  am  present  with  thee. 


19  Wilt  thou  not  slay  the  wicked,  O  God  :  depart 
from  me,  ye  blood-thirsty  men. 

20  For  they  speak  unrighteously  against  thee  :  and 
thine  enemies  take  thy  Name  in  vain. 

21  Do  not  I  hate  them,  O  Lord,  that  hate  thee  : 
and  am  not  I  grieved  with  those  that  rise  up  against 
thee? 

22  Yea,  I  hate  them  right  sore  :  even  as  though 
they  were  mine  enemies. 

23  Try  me,  O  God,  and  seek  the  ground  of  my 
heart  :  prove  me,  and  examine  my  thoughts. 

24  Look  well  if  there  be  any  way  of  wickedness  in 
me  :  and  lead  me  in  the  way  everlasting. 


^  Lit.  variegated ;  the  word  used  in  Ex.  xxvi.  36,  xxvii.  16 
(lit.  the  work  of  the  variegator)  of  cloth  or  tapestry  for  a 
curtain  woven  artistically  of  differently  coloured  threads  (cf. 
also  Ps.  xlv.  14  '  richly  woven  '). 

^  ?'.  e.  pre-determined  in  the  Divine  mind.  The  word  (properly, 
to  form  or  mould  as  a  potter)  is  used  in  the  same  sense  in  Is. 
xxii.  II  (where  'it'  means  the  present  situation),  xxxvii.  26 
('formed'),  xlvi.  11  (in  A.V.,  R.V.  '  purposed'). 


3 


Or,  how  weighty. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXXXIX  409 

1 5  My  frame  was  not  hidden  from  thee, 

when  I  was  made  in  secret, 
(and)  curiously  wrought  ^  in  the  lowest  parts  of 
the  earth. 

16  Thine  eyes  did  see  mine  unformed  substance, 

and  in  thy  book  were  all  of  them  written, 
(even)  the  days  which  were  fashioned  ^, 
when  as  yet  there  was  none  of  them. 

17  Unto  me,   then,  how  precious^  are  thy  thoughts, 

OGod! 
how  vast  are  the  sums  of  them  ! 

18  If  I  would  count  them,  they  are  more  in  number 

than  the  sand  : 
when  I  wake  up,  I  am  still  with  thee  *. 

19  O  that  thou  wouldest  slay  the  wicked,  O  God  ! 

and  ye  men  of  blood,  depart  from  me. 

20  Who  defy  thee  °  with  wicked  intent, 

and   thine   enemies    (?)    Hft   themselves   up   in 
vain  ^ 

21  Do  not  I  hate  them,  Jehovah,  that  hate  thee? 

and  do  not  I  loathe  those  that  rise  up  against 
thee? 

22  I  hate  them  with  perfect  hatred  : 

they  are  to  me  as  enemies. 

23  Search  me,  O  God,  and  know  my  heart ; 

try  me,  and  know  my  roving  thoughts'' : 

24  And  see  if  there  be  in  me  any  way  of  sorrow  *, 

and  lead  me  in  the  way  everlasting. 


*  i  e.  present  to  Thy  mind  (1.  11). 

^  So  most  moderns,  with  the  change  of  one  point.  The 
text,  as  pointed,  has,  Who  say  thee. 

^  The  text  and  sense  of  this  line  are  both  very  uncertain. 
Some,  changing  one  letter,  render,  and  lift  themselves  up 
against  thee  in  vain  ;  others,  with  a  further  change,  read,  and 
take  thy  name  in  vain. 

'  Cf.  Ps.  xciv.  19. 

^  i.  e.  any  way  leading  to  sorrow,  any  wicked  habit. 


4IO  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  29 


Psalm  CXL.     Eripe  me,  Domine. 

1  Deliver  me,  O  Lord,  from  the  evil  man  :  and 
preserve  me  from  the  wicked  man. 

2  Who  imagine  mischief  in  their  hearts  :  and  stir  up 
strife  all  the  day  long. 

3  They  have  sharpened  their  tongues  hke  a  serpent : 
adder's  poison  is  under  their  lips. 

4  Keep  me,  O  Lord,  from  the  hands  of  the  ungodly  : 
preserve  me  from  the  wicked  men,  who  are  purposed 
to  overthrov/  my  goings. 

5  The  proud  have  laid  a  snare  for  me,  and  spread 
a  net  abroad  with  cords  :  yea,  and  set  traps  in  my 
way. 

6  I  said  unto  the  Lord,  Thou  art  my  God  :  hear 
the  voice  of  my  prayers,  O  Lord. 

7  O  Lord  God,  thou  strength  of  my  health  :  thou 
hast  covered  my  head  in  the  day  of  battle. 

8  Let  not  the  ungodly  have  his  desire,  O  Lord  :  let 
not  his  mischievous  imagination  prosper,  lest  they  be 
too  proud. 

9  Let  the  mischief  of  their  own  lips  fall  upon  the 
head  of  them  :  that  compass  me  about. 

10  Let  hot  burning  coals  fall  upon  them  :  let  them 
be  cast  into  the  fire,  and  into  the  pit,  that  they  never 
rise  up  again. 


•  Read  probably,  they  stir  up  (Prov.  xv.  18)  wfl/-s. 
"^  The  meaning  of  the  Heb.  word  is  uncertain. 
^  Cf.  Ps.  xxxvi.  12,  Ivi.  13. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXL  4II 


Psalm  CXL. 

1  Rescue  me,  O  Jehovah,  from  the  evil  man  j 

from  the  man  of  violences  preserve  me  : 

2  Who  devise  evil  things  in  (their)  heart ; 

every  day  they  collect  themselves  together  (unto) 


o 


wars  ^ 


They  have  sharpened  their  tongue  like  a  serpent ; 
adder's "  poison  is  under  their  lips. 

4  Keep  me,  Jehovah,  from  the  hands  of  the  wicked ; 

from  the  man  of  violences  preserve  me ; 
who  have  devised  to  give  a  thrust  ^  unto  my  foot- 
steps. 

5  The  proud  have  hid  a  trap  for  me,  and  nooses  ; 

they  have  spread  a  net  by  the  side  of  the  track  ; 
they  have  set  gins  for  me. 

6  I  have  said  unto  Jehovah,  '  Thou  art  my  God ' : 

give  ear,  Jehovah,  to  the  voice  of  my  supplica- 
tions. 

7  O  Jehovah,  Lord,  the  strength  of  my  salvation, 

thou  hast   screened    my   head   in   the   day   of 
weapons. 

8  Grant  not,  Jehovah,  the  desires  of  the  wicked  man  ; 

further  not  his  evil  device,  so  that  they  exalt 
themselves. 

9  As  for  the  head  of  them  that  compass  me  about*, 

let  the  mischief  of  their  own  lips  cover  them. 
10  May  burning  coals  be  dislodged^  upon  them  ; 
may  he  cast  them  into  the  fire, 
into  waterfloods,  that  they  rise  not  up  again. 


4 


Read  probably,  fmihcr  not  his  evil  device. 

9.    They  that  compass  me  about  lift  up  the  head; 
^  Cf.  Ps.  Iv.  3.     But  the  expression  is  peculiar  ;  read  per- 
haps, with  a  slight  change,  May  he  rain  (Ps.  xi.  6)  burning  coals. 


412  THE   PSALMS  [day  29 

1 1  A  man  full  of  words  shall  not  prosper  upon  the 
earth  :  evil  shall  hunt  the  wicked  person  to  overthrow 
him. 

1 2  Sure  I  am  that  the  Lord  will  avenge  the  poor  : 
and  maintain  the  cause  of  the  helpless. 

13  The  righteous  also  shall  give  thanks  unto  thy 
Name  :  and  the  just  shall  continue  in  thy  sight. 


Psalm  CXLI.     Domine,  clamavi. 

1  Lord,  I  call  upon  thee,  haste  thee  unto  me  :  and 
consider  my  voice  when  I  cry  unto  thee. 

2  Let  my  prayer  be  set  forth  in  thy  sight  as  the 
incense  :  and  let  the  lifting  up  of  my  hands  be  an 
evening  sacrifice. 

3  Set  a  watch,  O  Lord,  before  my  mouth  :  and  keep 
the  door  of  my  lips. 

4  O  let  not  mine  heart  be  inclined  to  any  evil 
thing  :  let  me  not  be  occupied  in  ungodly  works  with 
the  men  that  work  wickedness,  lest  I  eat  of  such  things 
as  please  them. 

5  Let  the  righteous  rather  smite  me  friendly  :  and 
reprove  me. 

6  But  let  not  their  precious  balms  break  my  head  : 
yea,  I  will  pray  yet  against  their  wickedness. 

7  Let  their  judges  be  overthrown  in  stony  places  : 
that  they  may  hear  my  words,  for  they  are  sweet. 


^  Heb.  A  man  of  tongue :  cf.  Ps.  ci.  5  (lit.  be-iongucth). 

*  Or,  be  established,  i.e.  be  regularly  offered. 

3  The  word  used  in  2  Ki.  ix.  33  ('  Fling  her  down'). 

*  The  sense  is  obscure  ;  but  perhaps  the  meaning  is  that 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXLI  413 

1 1  A  slanderer  ^  shall  not  be  established  in  the  earth  : 

as  for  the  man  of  violence,  evil  shall  hunt  him 
with  thrust  upon  thrust. 

1 2  I  know  that  Jehovah  will  maintain  the  cause  of  the 

poor, 
(and)  the  right  of  the  needy. 

13  Surely  the  righteous  shall  give   thanks  unto  thy 

name  : 
the  upright  shall  dwell  in  thy  presence. 

Psalm  CXLI. 

1  Jehovah,  I  have  called  upon  thee;    make  haste 

unto  me : 
give  ear  unto  my  voice,  when  I  call  unto  thee. 

2  Let  my  prayer  be  set  forth  ^  as  incense  before  thee, 

(and)  the  lifting  up  of  my  hands  as  the  evening 
meal-offering. 

3  Set  a  guard,  Jehovah,  to  my  mouth  ; 

keep  the  door  of  my  lips. 

4  Incline  not  my  heart  to  any  evil  thing, 

to  be  occupied  wickedly  in  deeds 
with  men  that  work  naughtiness  : 
and  let  me  not  eat  of  their  dainties. 

5  Let  the  righteous    smite  me  kindly,  and  correct 

me  ; 
oil  so  choice,  let  not  my  head  refuse : 
for  still  is  my  prayer  against  their  wickednesses. 

6  Their  judges  shall  be  flung  down  ^  by  the  sides  of 

a  crag, 
and  they  shall  hear  my  words,  that  they  are 
sweet  *. 


when  the  leaders,  whose  practices  the  Psahnist  repudiates 
{vv.  4,  5  end),  meet  with  their  reward  at  the  hands  of  an  out- 
raged nation,  people  will  find  his  words  grateful,  and  perceive 
that  he  was  right  in  his  condemnation  of  them. 


414  THE  PSALMS  [day  29 

8  Our  bones  lie  scattered  before  the  pit  :  like  as 
when  one  breaketh  and  heweth  [wood]  upon  the  earth. 

9  But  mine  eyes  look  unto  thee,  O  Lord  God  :  in 
thee  is  my  trust,  O  cast  not  out  my  soul. 

10  Keep  me  from  the  snare  that  they  have  laid  for 
me  :  and  from  the  traps  of  the  wicked  doers. 

1 1  Let  the  ungodly  fall  into  their  own  nets  together  : 
and  let  me  ever  escape  them. 

EVENING  PRAYER. 

Psalm  CXLII.      Voce  mea  ad  Domtnum. 

1  I  cried  unto  the  Lord  with  my  voice  :  yea,  even 
unto  the  Lord  did  I  make  my  supplication. 

2  I  poured  out  my  complaints  before  him  :  and 
shewed  him  of  my  trouble. 

3  When  my  spirit  was  in  heaviness  thou  knewest 
my  path  :  in  the  way  wherein  I  walked  have  they 
privily  laid  a  snare  for  me. 

4  I  looked  also  upon  my  right  hand  :  and  saw  there 
was  no  man  that  would  know  me. 

5  I  had  no  place  to  flee  unto  :  and  no  man  cared 
for  my  soul. 

6  I  cried  unto  thee,  O  Lord,  and  said  :  Thou  art 
my  hope,  and  my  portion  in  the  land  of  the  living. 

7  Consider  my  complaint  :  for  I  am  brought  very 
low. 

8  O  deliver  me  from  my  persecutors  :  for  they  are 
too  strong  for  me.    , 

*  /.  e.  give  it  not  over  to  death  ;  cf.  Is.  liii.  12. 

^  Yich.  from  the  hands  of :  cf.  xxii.  20,  Ixiii.  10. 

^  Sept.,  Syr.,  Vulg.,  Targ.,  with  different  vowels,  /  looked 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXLII  415 

7  As  when  one  cleaveth  and  breaketh  up  the  earth, 

our  bones  are  scattered  at  the  mouth  of  Sheol. 

8  For  unto  thee,  Jehovah,  Lord,  are  mine  eyes  ; 

in  thee  have  I  taken  refuge,  O  pour  not  out  my 
soul  \ 

9  Keep  me  from^  the  trap  which  they  have  laid  for  me, 

and  the  gins  of  them  that  work  naughtiness. 
10  Let  the  wicked  fall  into  their  own  toils, 
whilst  /  at  the  same  time  pass  by. 


Psalm  CXLIL 

1  With  my  voice  I  cry  unto  Jehovah  ; 

with  my  voice  I  make  supplication  unto  Jehovah : 

2  I  pour  out  my  complaint  before  him  ; 

I  declare  before  him  my  trouble. 

3  When  my  spirit  fainteth  upon  me,  thou  knowest 

my  path  : 
in  the  way  wherein  I  walk  have  they  hidden  a 
trap  for  me. 

4  Look  on  (my)  right  hand,  and  see^  for  I  have 

none  that  will  know  me  : 
I  have  no  place  to  flee  unto*;  my  soul  hath 
none  to  care  for  her. 

5  I  have  cried  unto  thee,  Jehovah  ; 

I  have  said,  *  Thou  art  my  refuge, 
'  my  portion  in  the  land  of  the  living.' 

6  Attend  unto  my   ringing  cry ;  for  I  am   brought 

very  low  : 
O  deliver  me  from  my  persecutors  ;  for  they  are 
too  strong  for  me. 

.  .  .  and  sawi ,  and  I  had  none  that  wotdd,  &c. ). 

''  Heb.  place  of  flight  hath  perished  from  me  (the  same  idiom, 
Am.  ii.  14,  Jer.  xxv.  35,  Job  xi.  20). 


41 6  THE  PSALMS  [day  29 

9  Bring  my  soul  out  of  prison,  that  I  may  give 
thanks  unto  thy  Name  :  which  thing  if  thou  wilt 
grant  me,  then  shall  the  righteous  resort  unto  my 
company. 


Psalm  CXLIII.     Domi?te,  exaudi. 

1  Hear  my  prayer,  O  Lord,  and  consider  my  desire  : 
hearken  unto  me  for  thy  truth  and  righteousness' 
sake. 

2  And  enter  not  into  judgement  with  thy  servant  : 
for  in  thy  sight  shall  no  man  living  be  justified. 

3  For  the  enemy  hath  persecuted  my  soul;  he 
hath  smitten  my  life  down  to  the  ground  :  he  hath 
laid  me  in  the  darkness,  as  the  men  that  have  been 
long  dead. 

4  Therefore  is  my  spirit  vexed  within  me  :  and  my 
heart  within  me  is  desolate. 

5  Yet  do  I  remember  the  time  past ;  I  muse  upon 
all  thy  works  :  yea,  I  exercise  myself  in  the  works  of 
thy  hands. 

6  I  stretch  forth  my  hands  unto  thee  :  my  soul 
[gaspeth]  unto  thee  as  a  thirsty  land. 

7  Hear  me,  O  Lord,  and  that  soon,  for  my  spirit 
waxeth  faint  :  hide  not  thy  face  from  me,  lest  I  be  like 
unto  them  that  go  down  into  the  pit. 


'  i.e.  appear  wearing  crowns,  fig.  for  'triumph.'  The 
passage  is  uncertain  ;  -but  other  renderings,  as  '  compass  me 
about,'  or  '  wait  for  me,'  are  open  to  objection  on  grammatical 
grounds. 

^  Or, /or  no  man  living  is  righteous  before  thee. 

8  Cf.  Ps.  vii.  5. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXLIII  417 

7  Bring  forth  my  soul  out  of  prison,  that  I  may  give 
thanks  unto  thy  name  ; 
the   righteous  shall  put  out   crowns^  because 

of  me, 
because  thou  dealest  bountifully  with  me. 


Psalm  CXLIII. 

1  Jehovah,  hear  my  prayer ; 

give  ear  to  my  supplications  ; 
in   thy  faithfulness   answer   me,   (and)    in   thy 
righteousness. 

2  And  enter  not  into  judgement  with  thy  servant ; 

for  in  thy  sight  shall  no  man  living  be  justified^. 

3  For  the  enemy  hath  pursued  my  soul ; 

he  hath  crushed  my  life  down  to  the  earth  ^ ; 
he  hath  made  me  to  dwell  in  dark  places,  as 
those  that  have  been  long  dead  *. 

4  And  my  spirit  fainteth  upon  me  ; 

my  heart  within  me  is  bewildered 


5 


5  I  remember  the  days  of  old  ; 

I  meditate "  on  all  thy  work  ; 

I  muse  on  the  operation  of  thy  hands ''. 

6  I  spread  forth  my  hands  unto  thee  \ 

my  soul  is  towards  thee,  like  a  weary  land. 

7  Answer  me  speedily,  Jehovah,  my  spirit  faileth  ; 

hide  not  thy  face  from  me, 
so  that  I  become  like  them  that  go  down  into 
the  pit  ^ 


*  Or,  that  are  for  ever  dead  (cf.  Jer.  li.  39).     The  line  agrees 
verbatim  with  Lam.  iii.  6. 

*  Cf.  Dan.  viii.  27  ('  astonied '). 

*  Lit.  tnuntnir.  '  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxvii.  5,  11,  12. 

*  Cf.  Ps.  xxviii.  I. 

E  e 


4l8  THE  PSALMS  [day  30 

8  O  let  me  hear  thy  loving-kindness  betimes  in  the 
morning,  for  in  thee  is  my  trust  :  shew  thou  me  the 
way  that  I  should  walk  in,  for  I  lift  up  my  soul  unto 
thee. 

9  Deliver  me,  O  Lord,  from  mine  enemies  :  for 
I  flee  unto  thee  to  hide  me. 

10  Teach  me  to  do  the  thing  that  pleaseth  thee, 
for  thou  art  my  God  :  let  thy  loving  Spirit  lead  me 
forth  into  the  land  of  righteousness. 

11  Quicken  me,  O  Lord,  for  thy  Name's  sake  : 
and  for  thy  righteousness'  sake  bring  my  soul  out  of 
trouble. 

12  And  of  thy  goodness  slay  mine  enemies  :  and 
destroy  all  them  that  vex  my  soul;  for  I  am  thy 
servant. 


MORNING  PR  A  YER. 

Psalm  CXLIV.     Benedictus  Dominus. 

1  Blessed  be  the  Lord  my  strength  :  who  teacheth 
my  hands  to  war,  and  my  fingers  to  fight ; 

2  My  hope  and  my  fortress,  my  castle  and  deliverer, 
my  defender  in  whom  I  trust :  who  subdueth  my  people 
that  is  under  me. 


3  Lord,  what  is  man,  that  thou  hast  such  respect 
unto  him  :  or  the  son  of  man,  that  thou  so  regardest 
him  ? 

4  Man  is  like  a  thing  of  nought  :  his  time  passeth 
away  like  a  shadow. 

'  Cf.  Ps.  XXV.  I. 

^  This  is  the  literal  rendering  of  the  Heb.  ;  but  the  meaning 
is  very  uncertain  ('in  thee  have  I  confided'?  'with  thee  have 
I  hidden  m3'self '  ?)  ;  and  the  text  is  very  possibly  incorrect. 

^  See  Ps.  xxvii.  11. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM   CXLIV  419 

8  Make  me  to  hear  thy  kindness  in  the  morning; 

for  in  thee  do  I  trust : 

make  me  to  know  the  way  wherein  I  should  go ; 

for  unto  thee  have  I  hft  up  my  soul  ^ 

9  Deliver  me  from  mine  enemies,  O  Jehovah  ; 

unto  thee  have  I  hidden  ^ 

10  Teach  me  to  do  thy  pleasure,  for  thou  art  my  God ; 

let  thy  good  spirit  lead  me  in  an  even  land  ^. 

11  For  thy  name's  sake,  Jehovah,  quicken  me  : 

in  thy  righteousness  bring  forth  my  soul  out  of 
trouble. 

12  And  in  thy  kindness  exterminate  mine  enemies; 

and  destroy  all  them  that  are  the  adversaries  of 

my  soul ; 
for  I  am  thy  servant. 


Psalm  CXLIV. 

1  Blessed  be  Jehovah  my  rock, 

who  teacheth  my  hands  to  war, 
(and)  my  fingers  to  fight : 

2  My  kindness  ■*,  and  my  fastness  ; 

my  high  retreat,  and  my  own  deliverer ; 
my  shield,  and  he  in  whom  I  take  refuge  ^ ; 
who  beateth  flat  my  people "  under  me. 

3  Jehovah,  what  is  man,  that  thou  takest  knowledge 

of  him, 
or  the  son  of  man,  that  thou  thinkest  upon  him ''  ? 

4  Man  is  like  unto  a  breath ' : 

his  days  are  as  a  shadow  that  passeth  away. 

*  Cf.  Ps.  lix.  17,  Jon.  ii.  8. 
^  Cf.  Ps.  xviii.  2, 

*  Read  probably,  with  Syr.,  Aq.,  Jer.,  Targ.,  the  peoples  (cf. 
Ps.  xviii.  47). 

'  Cf.  Ps.  viii.  4.  8  cf_  p3_  xxxix.  5,  Ixii.  9, 


E  e  2 


420 


THE  PSALMS  [day  30 


5  Bow  thy  heavens,  O  Lord,  and  come  down  : 
touch  the  mountains,  and  they  shall  smoke. 

6  Cast  forth  [thy]  lightning,  and  tear  them  :  shoot 
out  thine  arrows,  and  consume  them. 

7  Send  down  thine  hand  from  above  :  deliver  me, 
and  take  me  out  of  the  great  waters,  from  the  hand  of 
strange  children ; 

8  Whose  mouth  talketh  of  vanity  :  and  their  right 
hand  is  a  right  hand  of  wickedness. 

9  I  will  sing  a  new  song  unto  thee,  O  God  :  and 
sing  praises  unto  thee  upon  a  ten-stringed  lute. 

10  Thou  hast  given  victory  unto  kings  :  and  hast 
delivered  David  thy  servant  from  the  peril  of  the 
sword. 

11  Save  me,  and  deliver  me  from  the  hand  of 
strange  children  :  whose  mouth  talketh  of  vanity,  and 
their  right  hand  is  a  right  hand  of  iniquity. 

12  That  our  sons  may  grow  up  as  the  young  plants  : 
and  that  our  daughters  may  be  as  the  polished  corners 
of  the  temple. 

1 3  That  our  garners  may  be  full  and  plenteous  with 
all  manner  of  stores  :  that  our  sheep  may  bring  forth 
thousands  and  ten  thousands  in  our  streets. 

14  That  our  oxen  may  be  strong  to  labour,  that 
there  be  no  decay  :  no  leading  into  captivity,  and  no 
complaining  in  our  streets. 

^  With  vv.  5-7,  cf.  P€.  xviii.  9,  civ.  32,  xviii.  14,  16. 

*  Heb.  unreality  ;  cf.  Ps.  xii.  2. 

*  Cf.  Ps.  xviii.  50. 

*  Vv.  12-15  are  imperfectly  connected  with  vv.  i-ii  ;  and 
appear  to  be  really  a  fragment  of  another  Psalm. 


BOOK  v]  PSALM  CXLIV  42I 


5  Jehovah  !  bow  thy  heavens,  and  come  down ; 

touch  the  mountains,  that  they  may  smoke  : 

6  Flash  forth  hghtning,  and  scatter  them  ; 

send  out  thine  arrows,  and  discomfit  them : 

7  Stretch  forth  thine  hands  from  on  high  ;  % 

free  me,  and  deliver  me  out  ot  many  waters, 
from  the  hand  of  foreigners ' ; 

8  Whose  mouth  speaketh  insincerity  ^, 

and  their  right  hand  is  a  right  hand  of  false- 
hood. 

9  O  God,  a  new  song  will  I  sing  unto  thee  ; 

with  a  lyre  of  ten  strings  will  I  make  melody 
unto  thee. 

10  Who  giveth  salvation  unto  kings ' ; 

who  freed  David  his  servant  from  the  hurtful 
sword. 

1 1  Free  me,  and  deliver  me  from  the  hand  of  foreigners, 

whose  mouth  speaketh  insincerity  ^ 
and  their  right  hand  is  a  right  hand  of  false- 
hood. 

12  We*  whose  sons  are  as  plants,  grown  tall  in  their 

youth ; 
whose  daughters  are  as  corners,  darkly-striped 
after  the  fashion  of  a  palace  ^ : 

13  Whose  garners  are  full,  dealing  forth  from  kind  to 

kind  ; 
whose  sheep  bring  forth   thousands,  (and)  be- 
come ten  thousands  in  our  fields : 

14  Whose  kine  are  great  with  young  ; 

with  no  breach  (in  our  walls),  and  no  exile-train ", 
and  no  woful  cry  '^  in  our  broad-places. 

'  Alluding  apparently  to  sculptured  or  decorated  figures, 
with  which  it_  was  usual  to  ornament  the  inside  corners  of 
large  reception-rooms  or  halls. 

^  Lit.  tio  company  going  forth  {viz.  to  surrender,  2  Ki.  xxiv. 
12,  or  into  exile,  Am.  iv.  3).  "•   Is.  xxiv,  11,  Jer.  xiv.  2. 


422  THE   PSALMS  [DAY  30 


15  Happy  are  the  people  that  are  in  such  a  case  : 
yea,  blessed  are  the  people  who  have  the  Lord  for 
their  God. 


Psalm  CXLV.     Exaltaho  te,  Deus. 

1  I  will  magnify  thee,  O  God,  my  King  :  and  I  will 
praise  thy  Name  for  ever  and  ever. 

2  Every  day  will  I  give   thanks  unto  thee  :  and 
praise  thy  Name  for  ever  and  ever. 

3  Great  is  the  Lord,  and  marvellous  worthy  to  be 
praised  :  there  is  no  end  of  his  greatness. 

4  One   generation    shall    praise    thy   works   unto 
another  :  and  declare  thy  power. 

5  As  for  me,  I  will  be  talking  of  thy  worship  :  thy 
glory,  thy  praise,  and  wondrous  works  ; 

6  So  that  men  shall  speak  of  the  might  of  thy 
marvellous  acts  :  and  I  will  also  tell  of  thy  greatness. 

7  The  memorial  of  thine  abundant  kindness  shall 
be  shewed  :  and  men  shall  sing  of  thy  righteousness. 

8  The  Lord  is  gracious,  and  merciful  :  long-suffer- 
ing, and  of  great  goodness. 

9  The  Lord  is  loving  unto  every  man  :  and  his 
mercy  is  over  all  his  works. 

10  All  thy  works  praise  thee,  O  Lord  :  and  thy 
saints  give  thanks  unto  thee. 

1 1  They  shew  the  glory  of  thy  kingdom  :  and  talk 

of  thy  power ; 

1 2  That  thy  power,  thy  glory,  and  mightiness  of  thy 
kingdom  :  might  be  known  unto  men. 


»  Cf.  Ps.  xlviii.  I. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXLV  423 

1 5  Happy  is  the  people,  that  is  in  such  a  case ; 

(yea,)    happy   is    the    people,    whose    God    is 
Jehovah. 


Psalm  CXLV. 

1  (n)  I  will  exalt  thee,  my  God,  O  king ; 

and  I  will  bless  thy  name  for  ever  and  ever. 

2  (3)  Every  day  will  I  bless  thee ; 

and  I  will  praise  thy  name  for  ever  and  ever. 

3  (3)  Great  is  Jehovah,  and  highly  to  he  praised  ' ; 

yea,  his  greatness  is  unsearchable. 

4  (l)  One   generation   shall   laud   thy   works    unto 

another, 
and  declare  thy  mighty  acts. 

5  (n)  Of  the  glorious  majesty  of  thy  state, 

and  of  thy  manifold  wonders^  I  will  muse. 

6  (1)  And  men  shall  affirm  the  might  of  thy  terrible 

acts  ; 
and  I  will  tell  of  thy  greatness. 

7  (r)  The  memory  of  thine  abundant  goodness  shall 

they  pour  forth, 
and  they  shall  ring  out  thy  righteousness. 

8  (n)  Jehovah  is  gracious,  and  full  of  compassion, 

slow  to  anger,  and  of  great  kindness. 

9  (D)  Jehovah  is  good  unto  all  ; 

and  his  compassions  are  ove"r  all  his  works. 

10  ('•)  All  thy  works  give  thanks  unto  thee,  Jehovah ; 

and  thy  godly  ones  bless  thee. 

11  (3)  They  affirm  the  glory  of  thy  kingdom, 

and  speak  of  thy  might ; 

12  (7)  To   make  known  to  the  children  of  men  his 

mighty  acts, 
and  the  stately  glory  of  his  kingdom. 


"  Heb.  the  matters  (or  items)  of  thy  wonders  (cf.  Ps.  Ixv.  3). 
But  Sept.  haSj  of  thy  state  shall  they  speak  ;  and  of  thy  wonders. 


424  THE   PSALMS  [daY  30 

13  Thy  kingdom  is  an  everlasting  kingdom  :  and 
thy  dominion  endureth  throughout  all  ages. 

14  The  Lord  upholdeth  all  such  as  fall :  and  lifteth 
up  all  those  that  are  down. 

15  The  eyes  of  all  wait  upon  thee,  (O  Lord)  :  and 
thou  givest  them  their  meat  in  due  season. 

16  Thou  openest  thine  hand  :  and  fiUest  all  things 
living  with  plenteousness. 

1 7  The  Lord  is  righteous  in  all  his  ways  :  and  holy 
in  all  his  works. 

18  The  Lord  is  nigh  unto  all  them  that  call  upon 
him  :  yea,  all  such  as  call  upon  him  faithfully. 

19  He  will  fulfil  the  desire  of  them  that  fear  him  : 
he  also  will  hear  their  cry,  and  will  help  them. 

20  The  Lord  preserveth  all  them  that  love  him  : 
but  scattereth  abroad  all  the  ungodly. 

21  My  mouth  shall  speak  the  praise  of  the  Lord  : 
and  let  all  flesh  give  thanks  unto  his  holy  Name  for 
ever  and  ever. 

Psalm  CXLVI.     Lmida,  anima  mea. 

I  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul;  while  I  live  will 
I  praise  the  Lord  :  yea,  as  long  as  I  have  any  being, 
I  will  sing  praises  unto  my  God. 


2  O  put  not  your  trust  in  princes,  nor  in  any  child 
of  man  :  for  there  is  no  help  in  them. 

3  For  when  the  breath  of  man  goeth  forth  he  shall 
turn  again  to  his  earth  :  and  then  all  his  thoughts  perish. 

4  Blessed  is  he  that  hath  the  God  of  Jacob  for  his 
help  :  and  whose  hope  is  in  the  Lord  his  God ; 

*  Sept.  inserts  here  (3)  Jehovah  is  faithful  in  all  his  words, 

and  kind  in  all  his  works. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM  CXLVI  425 

13  (?j)  Thy  kingdom  is  a  kingdom  of  all  ages, 

and   thy   dominion    (endureth)   throughout  all 
generations  \ 

14  (d)  Jehovah  upholdeth  all  such  as  fall, 

and  lifteth  up  all  them  that  are  bowed  down. 

15  (y)  The  eyes  of  all  wait  upon  thee  ; 

and  thou  givest  them  their  food  in  its  season  ^. 

16  (s)  Thou  openest  thine  hand, 

and  satisfiest  all  things  living  with  good  will. 

1 7  (v)  Jehovah  is  righteous  in  all  his  ways, 

and  kind  in  all  his  works. 

18  (p)  Jehovah  is  nigh  unto  all  them  that  call  upon  him, 

(even)  to  all  such  as  call  upon  him  faithfully. 

19  (n)  He  will  fulfil  the  pleasure  of  them  that  fear  him ; 

he  also  heareth  their  cry,  and  saveth  them. 

20  (p)  Jehovah  preserveth  all  them  that  love  him  ; 

but  all  the  wicked  he  destroyeth. 

21  (n)  My  mouth  shall  speak  the  praise  of  Jehovah  : 

and  let  all  flesh  bless  his  holy  name  for  ever  and 
ever. 

Psalm  CXLVI. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  *. 
Praise  Jehovah,  O  my  soul : 

2  I  will  praise  Jehovah  as  long  as  I  live ; 

1  will  make  melody  unto  my  God  while  I  have 
my  being  \ 

3  O  trust  not  in  princes, 

(or)  in  the  son  of  man,  in  whom  there  is  no 
salvation. 

4  His  breath  goeth  forth,  he  returneth  to  his  ground"^; 

in  that  day  his  thoughts  perish. 

5  Happy  is  he,  whose  help  is  the  God  of  Jacob, 

whose  hope  (resteth)  upon  Jehovah  his  God  : 

2  Cf.  Ps.  civ.  27.  3  Hgb   Hallelujah. 
*  Cf.  Ps.  civ.  33.                          ^  Gen.  iii.  19. 


426  THE   PSALMS  [daY  30 

5  Who  made  heaven  and  earth,  the  sea,  and  all 
that  therein  is  :  who  keepeth  his  promise  for  ever ; 

6  Who  helpeth  them  to  right  that  suffer  wrong  : 
who  feedeth  the  hungry. 

7  The  Lord  looseth  men  out  of  prison  :  the  Lord 
giveth  sight  to  the  blind. 

8  The  Lord  helpeth  them  that  are  tallen  :  the  Lord 
careth  for  the  righteous. 

9  The  Lord  careth  for  the  strangers ;  he  defendeth 
the  fatherless  and  widow  :  as  for  the  way  of  the 
ungodly,  he  turneth  it  upside  down. 

10  The  Lord  thy  God,  O  Sion,  shall  be  King  lor 
evermore  :  and  throughout  all  generations. 


E  VENING  ERA  YER. 

Psalm  CXLVIL     Laudate  Dominum. 

1  O  praise  the  Lord,  for  it  is  a  good  thing  to  sing 
praises  unto  our  God  :  yea,  a  joyful  and  pleasant  thing 
it  is  to  be  thankful. 

2  The  Lord  doth  build  up  Jerusalem  :  and  gather 
together  the  out-casts  of  Israel. 

3  He  healeth  those  that  are  broken  in  heart  :  and 
giveth  medicine  to  heal  their  sickness. 

4  He  telleth  the  number  of  the  stars  :  and  calleth 
them  all  by  their  names. 

5  Great  is  our  Lord,  and  great  is  his  power  :  [yea, 
and]  his  wisdom  is  infinite. 

6  The  Lord  setteth  up  the  meek  :  and  bringeth  the 
ungodly  down  to  the  ground. 

*  See  the  note  on  Ps.,xxxix.  12  ;  and  cf.  Ps.  xciv.  6. 

"^  Or,  helpeth  up.  The  word  occurs  besides  only  in  Ps. 
XX.  8  (in  the  reflexive  conjugation,  '  stand  upright '). 

^  i.  e.  leadeth  aside  into  the  trackless  desert,  where  destruc- 
tion may  overtake  them.  *  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXLVII  427 

6  Who  made  heaven  and  earth, 

the  sea,  and  all  that  in  them  is  ; 
who  keepeth  truth  for  ever  : 

7  Who  executeth  judgement  for  the  oppressed  ; 

who  giveth  bread  to  the  hungry. 

Jehovah  releaseth  the  prisoners  ; 

8  Jehovah  openeth  (the  eyes  of)  the  blind  : 
Jehovah  lifteth  up  them  that  are  bowed  down  ; 

Jehovah  loveth  the  righteous  : 

9  Jehovah  preserveth  the  sojourners  ^ ; 

he  recovereth  ^  the  fatherless  and  widow  : 
but  the  way  of  the  wicked  he  maketh  crooked  ^. 
10  Jehovah  shall  reign  for  ever, 

(yea,)  thy  God,  O  Zion,  unto  all  generations. 
Praise  ye  Jah  *. 


Psalm  CXLVII. 

T  Praise  ye  Jah  ■*. 

For  it  is  good  to  make  melody  unto  our  God  ; 
for  it  is  pleasant,  (and)  praise  is  comely  '. 

2  Jehovah  doth  build  up  Jerusalem  ; 

he  gathereth  together  the  out-casts  of  Israel 

3  Who  healeth  those  that  are  broken  in  heart, 

and  bindeth  up  their  sorrows. 

4  He  counteth  the  number  of  the  stars  ; 

he  giveth  them  all  their  names  ". 

5  Great  is  our  Lord,  and  abundant  in  power : 

his  understanding  is  incalculable. 

6  Jehovah  recovereth '  the  humble  : 

he  abaseth  the  wicked  to  the  ground. 

'  Read  perhaps,  changing  one  letter, 
Praise  ye  Jah,  for  he  is  good  ; 

make  melody  unto  our  God,  for  he  is  sweet : 
praise  is  comely.     Cf.  Ps.  cxxxv.  3,  and  xxvii.  4. 
"  Heb.  callcth  names  to  them  all  (Gen.  ii.  £o\ 


428  THE   PSALMS  [daY  30 


7  O  sing  unto  the  Lord  with'  thanksgiving  :  sing 
praises  upon  the  harp  unto  our  God ; 

8  Who  covereth  the  heaven  with  clouds,  and  pre- 
pareth  rain  for  the  earth  :  and  maketh  the  grass  to 

grow  upon  the  mountains,  (and  herb  for  the  use  of  men  ;) 

9  Who  giveth  fodder  unto  the  cattle  :  and  feedeth 
the  young  ravens  that  call  upon  him. 

10  He  hath  no  pleasure  in  the  strength  of  an  horse  : 
neither  delighteth  he  in  any  man's  legs. 

1 1  But  the  Lord's  delight  is  in  them  that  fear  him  : 
and  put  their  trust  in  his  mercy. 

12  Praise  the  Lord,  O  Jerusalem  :  praise  thy  God, 
O  Sion. 

13  For  he  hath  made  fast  the  bars  of  thy  gates  : 
and  hath  blessed  thy  children  within  thee. 

14  He  maketh  peace  in  thy  borders  :  and  filleth 
thee  with  the  flour  of  wheat. 

1 5  He  sendeth  forth  his  commandment  upon  earth  : 
and  his  word  runneth  very  swiftly. 

16  He  giveth  snow  like  wool  :  and  scattereth  the 
hoar-frost  like  ashes. 

17  He  casteth  forth  his  ice  like  morsels  :  who  is 
able  to  abide  his  frost  ? 

18  He  sendeth  out  his  word,  and  melteth  them  : 
he  bloweth  with  his  wind,  and  the  waters  flow. 

19  He  sheweth  his  word  unto  Jacob  :  his  statutes 
and  ordinances  unto  Israel. 

20  He  hath  not  dealt  so  with  any  nation  :  neither 
have  the  heathen  knowledge  of  his  laws. 


Psalm  CXLVHL     Laudafe  Dominum. 

I  O  praise  the  Lord  of  heaven  :  praise  him  in  the 
height. 

1  Cf.  Ps.  Ixxxi.  16.  ^  Lit.  saying. 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXLVIII  429 


7  O  sing  unto  Jehovah  with  thanksgiving ; 

make  melody  unto  our  God  with  the  harp : 

8  Who  covereth  the  heaven  with  clouds, 

who  prepareth  rain  for  the  earth, 

who  maketh  the  mountains  to  spring  with  grass ; 

9  Who  giveth  to  the  beast  his  food, 

(and)  to  the  young  ravens  which  cry. 

10  Not  in  the  might  of  a  horse  doth  he  delight; 

not  in  the  legs  of  a  man  hath  he  pleasure : 

11  Jehovah  hath  pleasure  in  them  that  fear  him, 

in  those  that  wait  for  his  kindness. 

1 2  Laud  Jehovah,  O  Jerusalem  ; 

praise  thy  God,  O  Zion. 

13  For  he  hath  made  strong  the  bars  of  thy  gates  ; 

he  hath  blessed  thy  children  within  thee. 

14  Who  maketh  thy  border  peace, 

(and)  satisfieth  thee  with  the  fat  of  wheat ' : 

1 5  Who  sendeth  forth  his  commandment  ^  to  the  earth ; 

his  word  runneth  very  swiftly  : 

16  Who  giveth  snow  like  wool, 

(and)  scattereth  the  hoar-frost  like  ashes. 

1 7  Who  casteth  forth  his  ice  like  crumbs  : 

who  can  stand  before  his  cold  ? 

18  He  sendeth  forth  his  word,  and  melteth  them  : 

if  he  maketh  his  wind  to  blow,  the  waters  flow. 

19  Who  declareth  his  word  unto  Jacob, 

his  statutes  and  his  ordinances  unto  Israel. 

20  He  hath  not  done  so  unto  any  nation ; 

and  as  for  (his)  ordinances,  they  do  not  know  them. 
Praise  ye  Jah '. 

Psalm  CXLVIH. 

I  Praise  ye  Jah  ''. 

O  praise  Jehovah  from  the  heavens  ; 
praise  him  in  the  heights  : 

^  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


43°  THE   PSALMS  [day  30 

2  Praise  him,  all  ye  angels  of  his  :  praise  him,  all 
his  host. 

3  Praise  him,  sun  and  moon  :  praise  him,  all  ye 
stars  and  light. 

4  Praise  him,  all  ye  heavens  :  and  ye  waters  that 
are  above  the  heavens. 

5  Let  them  praise  the  Name  of  the  Lord  :  (for  he 

spake  the  word,   and  they  were  made;)     he   commanded, 

and  they  were  a-eated. 

6  He  hath  made  them  fast  for  ever  and  ever  :  he 
hath  given  them  a  law  which  shall  not  be  broken, 

7  Praise  the  Lord  upon  earth  :  ye  dragons,  and  all 
deeps ; 

8  Fire  and  hail,  snow  and  vapours  :  wind  and 
storm,  fulfilling  his  word  ; 

9  Mountains  and  all  hills  :  fruitful  trees  and  all 
cedars  ; 

10  Beasts  and  all  cattle  :  worms  and  feathered 
fowls ; 

1 1  Kings  of  the  earth  and  all  people  :  princes  and 
all  judges  of  the  world ; 

12  Young  men  and  maidens,  old  men  and  children, 
praise  the  Name  of  the  Lord  :  for  his  Name  only  is 
excellent,  and  his  praise  above  heaven  and  earth. 

13  He  shall  exalt  the  horn  of  his  people;  all  his 
saints  shall  praise  him  :  even  the  children  of  Israel, 
even  the  people  that  serveth  him. 


So  Heb.  text ;  hosts,  Hob.  marg.,  and  Ancient  Versions 
(cf.  ciii.  21). 

^  Cf.  Ps.  xxxiii.  9. 

"  Or,  steam,  smoke  ;;Gen.  xix.  28,    Ps.  cxix.  83),  alhiding 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CXLVIII  43I 

2  Praise  him,  all  ye  angels  of  his ; 

praise  him,  all  his  host ' : 
3'  Praise  him,  sun  and  moon  ; 

praise  him,  all  ye  stars  of  light : 

4  Praise  him,  ye  heavens  of  heavens, 

and  ye  waters  that  are  above  the  heavens  : 

5  Let  them  praise  the  name  of  Jehovah ; 

for  he  commanded,  and  they  were  created  ^ ; 

6  And  he  hath  made  them  to  stand  for  ever  and 

ever; 
he  hath  given  (them)  a  decree  which  none  shall 
transgress. 

7  O  praise  Jehovah  from  the  earth, 

ye  (sea-)monsters,  and  all  deeps : 

8  Fire  and  hail,  snow  and  vapour*, 

stormy  wind  *  fulfilling  his  word : 

9  Mountains  and  all  hills ; 

fruitful  trees  and  all  cedars  : 

10  Beasts  and  all  cattle; 

creeping  things  and  winged  birds  : 

1 1  Kings  of  the  earth  and  all  peoples  ; 

princes  and  all  judges  of  the  earth  : 

12  Young  men  and  also  virgins  ; 

old  men  together  with  children  : 

13  Let  them  praise  the  name  of  Jehovah; 

for  his  name  alone  is  exalted ; 

his  majesty  is  above  earth  and  heaven. 

14  And  he  hath  lifted  up  a  horn  for  his  people, 

(to  be)  a  praise  for  '^  all  his  godly  ones  ; 
(even)  for  the  children  of  Israel,  a  people  near 
unto  him  *. 

Praise  ye  Jah ''. 


probably   to    phenomena    accompanying    a    thunderstorm    in 
mountain-regions. 

*  Or,  blast  of  the  whiiiwind.  ^  Cf.  Jer.  xiii.  ir. 

«  Cf.  Deut.  iv.  7.  T  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


432  THE  PSALMS  [daY  30 


Psalm  CXLIX.     Ca?itate  Domino. 

1  O  sing  unto  the  Lord  a  new  song  :  let  the  congre- 
gation of  saints  praise  him. 

2  Let  Israel  rejoice  in  him  that  made  him  :  and  let 
the  children  of  Sion  be  joyful  in  their  King. 

3  Let  them  praise  his  Name  in  the  dance  :  let  them 
sing  praises  unto  him  with  tabret  and  harp. 

4  For  the  Lord  hath  pleasure  in  his  people  ;  and 
helpeth  the  meek-hearted. 

5  Let  the  saints  be  joyful  with  glory  :  let  them 
rejoice  in  their  beds. 

6  Let  the  praises  of  God  be  in  their  mouth  :  and 
a  two-edged  sword  in  their  hands  ; 

7  To  be  avenged  of  the  heathen  :  and  to  rebuke 
the  people ; 

8  To  bind  their  kings  in  chains  :  and  their  nobles 
with  links  of  iron. 

9  That  they  may  be  avenged  of  them,  as  it  is  written  : 
Such  honour  have  all  his  saints. 


Psalm  CL.     Laudate  Dominum. 

1  O  praise  God  in  his  holiness  :  praise  him  in  the 
firmament  of  his  power. 

2  Praise  him  in  his  noble  acts  :  praise  him  accord- 
ing to  his  excellent  greatness. 

3  Praise  him  in  the  sound  of  the  trumpet  :  praise 
him  upon  the  lute  a'nd  harp. 


»  Heb.  Hallditjah.  ^  Cf.  Ps.  Ixvi.  17. 

3  Cf.  Is.  xxiii.  8,  9,  Nah.  iii.  10. 


BOOK  V]  PSALMS    CXLIX,    CL  433 


Psalm  CXLIX. 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  \ 
O  sing  unto  Jehovah  a  new  song, 

(and)  his  praise  in  the  assembly  of  the  godly. 

2  Let  Israel  rejoice  in  him  that  made  him  ; 

let  the  children  of  Zion  be  joyful  in  their  King. 

3  Let  them  praise  his  name  in  the  dance  ; 

let  them  make  melody  unto  him  with  timbrel 
and  harp. 

4  For  Jehovah  hath  pleasure  in  his  people  : 

he  decketh  the  humble  with  salvation. 

5  Let  the  godly  exult  in  glory  ; 

let  them  ring  out  their  joy  upon  their  beds : 

6  Let  the  high  praises  ^  of  God  be  in  their  throat, 

and  a  two-edged  sword  in  their  hand : 

7  To  execute  vengeance  upon  the  nations, 

(and)  corrections  upon  the  peoples ; 

8  To  bind  their  kings  with  chains, 

and  their  honourable  men  ^  with  fetters  of  iron  ; 

9  To  execute  upon  them  the  judgement  written  * : 

an  honour  that  to  all  his  godly  ones. 
Praise  ye  Jah '. 


Psalm  CL, 

1  Praise  ye  Jah  \ 
O  praise  God  in  his  sanctuary ; 

praise  him  in  the  firmament  of  his  power. 

2  Praise  him  for  his  mighty  acts ; 

praise  him  according  to  the  abundance  of  his 
greatness. 

3  Praise  him  with  the  blast  of  the  horn  ; 

praise  him  with  the  lyre  and  harp. 

''   Vis.  by  prophets,  in  such  passages  as  Mic.  iv.  13,  Is.  xli. 
15  f.,  Joel  iii.  12-14. 

V  f 


434  T^^^  PSALMS  [day  30 

4  Praise  him  in  the  cymbals  and  dances  :  praise 
him  upon  the  strings  and  pipe. 

5  Praise  him  upon  the  well-tuned  cymbals  :  praise 
him  upon  the  loud  cymbals. 

6  Let  every  thing  that  hath  breath  :  praise  the 
Lord. 

'^  Heb.  cymbals  of  hearing ;  cf.  i  Ch.  xv.  ig  '  with  bronze 
cymbals,  to  cause  to  be  heard''  {i.e.  to  sound  aloud),  xvi.  5  'and 
Asaph  with  cymbals,  causing  to  be  heard'  (t.  e.  sounding  aloud 
with  them). 


BOOK  V]  PSALM   CL  435 

4  Praise  him  with  the  timbrel  and  dance ; 

praise  him  with  strings  and  pipe. 

5  Praise  him  with  loud-sounding  cymbals  ^ ; 

praise  him  with  clashing"  cymbals. 

6  Let  everything  that  hath  breath  ^  praise  Jah. 

Praise  ye  Jah  \ 

Cf.  I  Cor.  xiii.-i  (where  the  verb  used  by  St.  Paul  is  cog- 
nate with  the  substantive  used  by  tlie  Sept.  here). 
2  Heb.  all  breath.  *  Heb.  Hallelujah. 


\ 


F  f  2 


GLOSSARY    I 

OF  CHARACTERISTIC  OR  OTHERWISE  NOTE- 
WORTHY EXPRESSIONS  OCCURRING  IN 
THE    PSALMS  * 


abashed,  to  be  :  34^^  35**^*  40'*  (=  70^)  71"  83".  A  syn.  of 
to  be  ashamed  (with  which  it  is  often  parallel)  ;  and,  Hke  that, 
expressing  the  disappointment  arising  from  defeated  hopes  or 
expectations.  Cf.  Job  6^"  (see  under  ashamed) ;  Is.  i-^  '  They 
shall  be  ashamed  on  account  of  the  oaks  which  ye  have 
desired  [not  obtaining  from  them  the  expected  help  or 
deliverance],  and  ye  shall  be  abashed  on  account  of  the 
gardens  which  ye  have  chosen';  Mic.  3'  'And  the  gazers 
shall  be  ashamed,  and  the  diviners  shall  be  abashed,^  being 
unable  viz.  to  obtain  the  oracles  which  they  expected. 

adversary,  mine :    7* ;    mine  adversaries,  3'  6'  7''^  13*  23^ 

2^2.12  gjU  ^a'O  69'S   II9^S9-157;     cf.    143^^ 

afflicted  (lit.  humbled),  the  :  see  poor. 

affliction  (lit.  humiliation,  esp.  at  the  hands  of  oppressors  : 
cognate  with  (2)  poor,  q.  v.)  :  9'^  22°^  as"  31'  44"*  88'  io7"'-*' 

*  The  references  in  this  Glossary  are  not  to  the  Praj'er-Book  Version  of 
the  Psahns,  but  to  the  new  version,  printed  in  tliis  volume  on  the  right- 
hand  page.  The  Glossary  is  constructed  on  the  basis  of  the  Hebrew,  the 
words  ciled  in  it  being  those  adopted,  as  far  as  possible  uniformly,  for  the 
corresponding  words  in  the  original ;  but  it  may  occasionally  happen 
that,  in  a  particular  passage,  circumstances  may  have  necessitated  a 
different  rendering  from'the  one  here  given.  1  he  mark  t  attached  to 
a  list  of  passages  is  an  indication  that  it  contains  all  examples  of  the  word 
or  phrase  in  question  occurring  in  the  O.  T.  The  references  to  books  other 
than  the  Psalms  are  all,  unless  a  passage  is  translated  independently,  to 
the  Revised  Version. 


438  GLOSSARY  I 


j.jgf;o.92.i53_  Jq  sgg  fjyig^s  affliction  (said  of  God)  is  a  standing 
expression :  g^^  25'*  31'  1 19'^^ ;  cf.  Ex.  3'  4'^  Deut.  Q.G  a  Ki.  14^^ 
Neh.  9"  Lam.  i^ ;  similarly  with  look  upon,  Gen.  29'2  3i"  i  S.  i" 
2  S.  i6'2  (R.V.  marg.). 

answer,  to  (of  God) :  3*  17^  i8»  ao^"^-^  22^-^'  34*  38"  55"  658 
81^  %&  91'^  99*-*  iiB'-'^i  119^'  120'  138^ ;  answer  mcj  4^  13'  zf 
552  60'  69«-i«-"  86'  102^  108^  119"=  143'-''. 

arise!  (i.e.  stand  up:  addressed  to  God)  :  3'  7^9'^  10^^  17'' 
35^  442"'  7422  82^;  rather  differently  1328  (hence  2  Ch.  6"). 
Not  so  elsewhere;  but  cf.  Jer.  2",  where  it  is  represented 
as  addressed  in  vain  to  an  idol. 

arouse  thyself!  {i.e.  bestir  thyself,  viz.  from  inactivity: 
addressed  to  God)  :  t  35''  44''  59*-  Cf.  Hab.  2"  (addressed 
in  vain  to  an  idol). 

ashamed,  to  be  {t.e.  not  to  feel  a  sense  of  shame,  but  to  be 
disconcerted  by  the  frustration  of  one's  plans  or  hopes;  the 
Heb.  idiom  for  what  we  should  express  by  saying  be  disap- 
pointed :  sometimes  rendered,  for  greater  clearness,  be  put  to 
shame) :  22"^  25'  37'^  69"  71^*  i  ig-'-^-so  127^ ;  in  the  phrases  let  me 
not  be  ashamed  ss'-^"  311-"  71I  (so  Jer.  17'*) ;  let  them  be  (or  they 
shall  be)  ashamed  6''>'^'>  25'  31"  35*  (with  and  be  brought  to  confu- 
sion: sols.  41'^,  =^  (with  and  be  abashed:  so  Ps.  40'*  =  70^),  71'' 
83"  86"  97'^  109^'  119'^  129';  in  the  causative  conjugation 
i4«  44'  53^  ii9"-i'6  (p.B.V.  '  disappointed  ')•  Very  common  in 
the  prophets,  where  it  is  often  used  of  the  disappointment 
experienced  by  those  who  trust  in  false  gods,  or  false  hopes. 
The  meaning  appears  well  from  such  passages  as  Job  6* 
(caravans  in  the  desert,  journeying  towards  a  Wady,  in  the 
hope  of  finding  water,  are  'ashamed,' «.^.  as  we  should  say, 
disappointed,  at  finding  none),  and  Is.  i^'  (cited  under  abashed) : 
similarly  Is.  20''  41"  44'^  Jer.  2'*  48 '^  &c.  {ashamed  of  in  such 
passages  is  never  to  be  understood  in  our  sense  of  the  expres- 
sion, but  as  meaning  put  to  shame  by  or  on  account  of\\\t.from, 
i.  e.  at  the  hands  of  indicating  the  source  of  the  disappoint- 
ment], viz.  through  the,  help  expected  not  being  realized). 
Cf.  abashed,  and  confusion. 

attend  (to  me,  to  my  cry,  &c.)  :  5'  17^  Si^  61^  86=  142';  cf. 
10''  66^  130^ 


WORDS    AND   PHRASES  439 

awake !  (addressed  to  God)  :  35^'  44^^  ^^s^  q^  Hab.  2^' 
(addressed  to  an  idol). 

behold,  to  {hdzah'.  a  syn.  of  'see,'  but  found  chiefly  in 
poetry,  and  denoting  a  rather  more  sustained  and  intent 
contemplation  :  often  used  of  the  prophetic  vision,  as  Is.  30'" 
propei-ly,  'Which  say  to  the  seers,  Ye  shall  not  see;  and  to 
the  beholders,  Ye  shall  not  behold  for  us  right  things, . .  .  behold 
deceits'):  ii*"^  I7^''*27'  (rendered  here 'gaze  upon,'  on  account 
of  the  prep.  :  see  look  upon),  46'  sS''-'"  63'^  (but  see  the  note). 
Cf.  Is.  332"  Job  i9=«-2\ 

Blessed  be  ... :  (a)  said  of  God,  i8«  28«  31='  66^0  eS"-^^ 
119''^  124''  135"  i44\  and  in  the  doxologies,  41'' 72'^-'^  89'^  106*'; 
(6)  said  of  men,  115^'  ii8-«. 

bones,  the  (as  the  framework  of  the  body:  in  Heb.  poetry 
often  regarded  as  affected  by,  or  responding  to,  intellectual 
and  spiritual  states,  and  even  personified)  :  &  22'*  31^"  32^  35' 
38=  42!"  518 102'  109I8.  Cf  Job  4^*  Prov.  3'  12'  145"  15=0  Hab.  s'^ 
Is.  38"  66^*  Lam.  i'^ 

buckler  (fig.  for  a  defence) :  5^^  35^  91*.  Not  so  elsewhere. 
Cf.  shield. 

cancel  sin,  to  (of  God) :  65'  78^^  79'.  The  word,  as  Arabic 
appears  to  show,  means  properly  to  cover,  though  it  does  not 
occur  in  the  O.  T.  in  a  literal  sense,  but  is  always  used  in 
a  fig.  sense  of  coveting  morally :  thus  in  Gen.  32'^'  Jacob, 
fearing  Esau's  anger,  says  'I  will  cover  his  face  with  a  present/ 
i.e.  induce  him  by  the  present  to  overlook  the  offence;  and  so 
it  acquires  the  more  general  sense  oi  conciliate,  pacify,  propitiate, 
as  Prov.  16"  Is.  47'^  ('  evil  shall  come  upon  thee,  thou  shalt 
not  know  how  to  charm  it  away ;  and  destruction  shall  fall 
upon  thee,  thou  shalt  not  be  able  to  propitiate  it,' — fig.  ior  avert 
it).  In  some  passages  God  is  the  subject  of  the  verb,  and  then 
the  meaning  is  that  He  treats  as  covered  an  offence  or  an  offender, 
i.e.  overlooks  or  cancels  the  offence,  or  pardons  the  offender:  see, 
for  the  former,  Jer.  18^^  Dan.  9-*  (as  well  as  the  three  passages 
from  the  Psalms) ;  for  the  latter,  Deut.  21^  32*'  ('  and  will  pardon 
his  land,  his  people ')  Ez.  16"^  2  Ch.  30^'.  In  the  Levitical  law 
the  priest  is  usually  the  subject ;  and  then  the  meaning  is  that 
he  covers  up  sin  by  means  of  a  propitiatory  rite,  upon  ground 


440  GLOSSARY  1 


of  which  God  consents  to  overlook  it:  in  this  sense,  it  is  the 
word  which   is   often  rendered  to  make  atonement  (Lev.   i* 

4-0-2C-''  &c.). 

compassions:  25"^  40^^  51'  69"^  77^  79*  103'  106'"  iig'^-'^^ 
145*.  The  P.B.V.  renderings,  tender  mercies,  mercy,  mercies^ 
loving-kindness  (77'),  loving  menies  (119''),  obliterate  the 
connexion  with  the  corresponding  adjective,  'full  of  com- 
passion,' and  especially  with  the  fundamental  passage, 
Ex.  34^ 

compassion,  full  of  (lit.  conipassionate) :  78'*  86"  103*  iii* 
112'  145'';  cf.  Ex.  34"  Deut.  4'^  Joel  ■^^  Jon.  4^  2  Ch.  30^ 
Neh.  9'"-3't. 

compassion,  to  show:  102'^  103"  116'.     Cf.  Ex.  33'^ 

confusion  (see  the  next  word)  :  4-35^''  44'''  69''  (cf.  Jer.  51'^), 
19  ^j-13  109-^.     Cf.  Is.  30'  45'^  Jer.  3-',  and  elsewhere. 

confusion,  to  be  brought  to  (a  syn.  of  to  be  ashamed  and 
to  be  abashed,  but  a  stronger  word)  :  35*  40'*  ( =  70-)  44^  (to 
bring  to  confusion)  69*^74^' ('in  confusion').  Soi  S.ao'*  Is.45'^-" 
50'  Jer.  14^,  and  elsewhere  (often  rendered  to  be  confounded). 

crag  (fig.  of  God,  as  a  lofty  and  inaccessible  place  of 
security ;  cf.  Is.  ss*" '  his  high  retreat  shall  be  the  munitions 
of  crags')  :  18'^  (=28.  22-)  31^  42^  71^.     Not  so  elsewhere. 

cry  for  help,  to  :  i8"-"  22*'  28-  30-  31^2  ^312  ss's  119I". 

cry  for  help  (subst.)  :  5^  18''  (=  2  S.  22')  34'^^  39^^  40'  102' 
145''.  This  and  the  last  word  are  used  exclusively  of  crying 
for  help;  but  'for  help'  has  occasionally  been  omitted  in  the 
translation,  where  the  object  of  the  'cry'  was  sufiBciently 
evident  from  the  context. 

(i)  deliver,  to  {hizsll)  from  foes,  troubles,  sins,  &c.  (said  of 
God)  :  18"-"'^  *  22*^''*  (ironically),  33"  34'-»'-w  35I'  40'^  (=  70') 
54'  56*''  71- *  86^^  91'  97'"  loS*-*  107*^;  deliver  me  ...  7^  25^"* 
2^2*. 15  gg?  ^jU  ^g'--  69'*  109-'  119""  142^  143''  144'""  ;  deliver  us 


*  Rendered  here  rescue,  on  account  of  deliver  being^  needed  for  pillet  in 
a  parallel  clause  or  verse,  illiterate  would  have  been  a  possible  synonym 
for  pillet ;  but  it  would  not  have  been  quite  suitable  as  a  general  rendering. 
Rid  (^see  p.  480)  is  unfortunately  obsolete.) 


WORDS  AND  PHRASES  44I 

79^ ;  deliver  my  soul  22""  120'.     Often  used  similarly  in  other 
books. 

(2)  deliver,  to  (piUct) :  17"  i8«  (=28.  22'^)  '^^  22*-'»  31I 
37'°**''  43'  71^'*  82*"  91'*;  my  deliverer,  18-  (=28.  22^)  40'^ 
(=70')  144- ;  cf.  'ringing  cries  of  deliverance,'  32''.  Rare 
elsewhere. 

(3)  deliver,  to  {millet)  :  33"  41'  89*^  107^'  116'.  In  the 
passive,  rendered  escape,  22''  124'''^  (so  2  S.  i^  Job  i'',  and 
frequently). 

For  a  fourth  syn.  {Itdlas),  see  rescue  :  a  fifth  {pdsdh — a 
common  Aramaic  word  for  deliver),  which  occurs  only  thrice  in 
the  O.  T.,  is  rendered  to  free,  Ps.  144'''''''". 

dismay,  to  (a  strong  word,  which  might  also  be  rendered 
to  throw  into  consternation  or  perturb)  :  2'  fi'J.s.iu  go'  48'  83'^-" 
90'  104^^;  dismay  (subst.),  78^^ 

distress :  see  trouble. 

draw  back  (in  faithlessness)  :  44'*  53'  78"  80'^ :  cf.  Zeph.  i® 
(A. v.,  R.V.,  'are*  turned  back')  Is.  50^^  (R.V.  'turned  away 
backward  ').  Rendered  retreat  backward  (in  failure  and  dis- 
grace), 35*  40'*  (=  70^)  129"' :  cf.  Is.  42"  ('they  shall  retreat 
backward,  they  shall  be  greatly  put  to  shame,  that  trust  in  graven 
images ')  Jer.  38^^  46'. 

enemy,  mine  :  i3'''*  18'^  41";  mine  enemies:  3'  6'"  9^  17^ 
j8'.37.<o.48  2^2.19  a^a.'i  30I  3i>5  35i!>  gS'"  41=  54'  56»  59^  eg'-i"  7119 
102**  119^^  138'  139^^  143''*^;  cf.  the  enemy,  7'  31''  42'  43^  55'  61^ 
64I  143^ 

engulfing  ruin  (properly,  a  yawning  gidf  or  chasm — the 
corresponding  Syriac  word  stands  in  the  Syriac  Version  of 
the  N.  T.  for  the  great  '  gulf  of  Luke  16^^ :  then  fig.  for  ruin, 
destruction)  :  s'-*  ('a  yawning  gulf)  38'^  52''''^  (but  see  the  note) 
55"  57'  91'  94'';  so  Job  62-"  30"  Prov.  17'  19'^ 

equity  (in  judgement)  :  9^  17''  45'  58^  67'  75^  96'"  98^  99'. 
Cognate  with  the  words  rendered  upright,  uprightness. 

exalt,  to  {vis.  God)  :  30'  34^  (His  name  ;  cf.  Neh.  9"'),  99^-* 
107^2  118  *  145^  (so  Ex.  152  Is.  25').     Cf.  exaltation,  66"  149^ 

*  are  turtied  is  not  here  used  with  the  force  of  a  passive,  but  is  the  archaic 
form  of  the  past  tense  of /o  (urn  (lilie  are  gone). 


442  GLOSSARY  I 


expectation :  see  under  wait  for. 

exterminate,  to:  18'"  (=  2  S.  22")  54' 69*  73''^  88«  g42'-23 
loi^-"  119*5*  i43^'.  A  poetical  word,  found  besides  only  in 
Job  6"  23"  Lam.  3". 

exult,  to  :  l^alaz)  28'  60^  (--  108')  68'  94'  g6^-  149';  i^dlaz) 
5"  9'  252  68'. 

face,  countenance,  presence  of  God  (the  same  Heb. : 
passages  in  which  the  word  is  used  to  express  prepositional 
relations,  as  before,  at  the  presence  of,  not  included)  :  9^*  34''' 
80*°  119^  (so  Ex.  32'^  al.) ;  as  spiritually  seen  by,  or  accessible 
to,  the  righteous,  11'  16"  17"  21^  31"°  41'^  61'  140",  cf.  42^'^-" 
43^  51";  to  seek  Jehovah'' s  face,  24^  27''*  105* ;  the  light  (fig.  for 
the  favour)  of  Jehovah'' s  face,  or  to  cause  his  face  to  shine  (the 
cognate  verb,  to  make  light  or  bright),  4*  31'^  44^  67'  (Num.  6") 
8o'-'-i9  89"  1 19'^^  (somewhat  differently  in  90^).  See  also  hide 
the  face. 


faithfulness  :  (God's)  33*  36'  40*°  88"  Sg'-^-'-^-^'-ss-"  92-  96" 
98'  loo'  ii9''5.86.9o.i38  J43I .  (man's)  37'  119'°.     Cf.  truth. 

fastness  (fig.  of  God) :  18"  31^-'  71'  91^  I44^.  Not  so  else- 
where. The  same  word  which  is  rendered  hold  in  i  S.  22*-^, 
and  strong  hold  in  2  S.  s^-"-"  Job  39**  (the  vulture  has  its  home 
'  on  the  point  of  the  crag  and  the  strong  hold').  The  idea  of  the 
word  is  a  mountain-stronghold.  It  means  etymologically  a 
hunting-place,  i.e.  a  hunters'  retreat  in  the  mountains  (Jer.  16"), 
and  so  more  generally  a  mountain-stronghold. 

forgive  (lit.  take  away) :  25'''  32*-=  85-  99^  So  Ex.  23^'  i  S.  15^' 
Mic.  7*',  and  elsewhere. 

fury  {hemdh ;  sometimes  rendered  wratJi)  :  6"*  (=  38*'')  37^ 
59"  76"'-''»  78^'  79''  88^  89'^  90'  io623.  In  A. V.  nearly  always  in 
the  prophets  rendered  fury  (as  Is.  63°-^-«  Jer.  4*  10"*  21"-"  ; 
altogether  more  than  sixty  times)  ;  in  other  books  more  fre- 
quently un-ath  (some  thirty-five  out  of  forty-five  times ;  fury, 
Gen.  27"  Lev.  26^*;  a  rage,  2  Ki.  5'^). 

gin  :  18'  64"'  140''  141'' :  rendered  in  69^^  bait,  in  106^"  snare. 
Properly  a  fowling-instruntent,  and  strictly,  as  Am.  3' ('Will 
a  bird  fall  into  a  trap  on  the  earth,  when  there  is  no  bait  for 
it  ? ')  appears  to  show,  the  bait,  or  lure  :  hence  the  word  is  often 


WORDS    AND   PHRASES  443 

used  fig.  of  what  allures  to  destruction ;  as  Ex.  23''^  '  it ' — 
i.e.  the.  worship  of  the  gods  of  Canaan — 'will  surely  be  a  lure 
to  thee '),  Jud.  3^  '  their  gods  shall  be  a  lure  unto  you,'  i  S.  18^' 
'  that  she  (Michal)  may  be  a  lure  to  him'  (^inducing  him  to  risk 
his  life)  :  and  so  Ps.  6g'''^  106^^. 

give  ear  (addressed  to  God)  :  5'  17'  39'-  54-  55'  80'  84'  866 
140''  141'  143' ;  cf.  77'. 

glory,  poet,  for  soul  (as  the  noblest  part  of  man),  only  in 
the  expression  my  glory  :  7'  (probably),  16'  30'^  (as  emended), 
57'  (cf.  108')  :  so  Gen.  49"  f. 

godly  (properly  kind:  see  below):  4^32^86^  I49''' :  with 
pron.  my  godly  ones,  so"' ;  thy  godly  one,  16^"  89"  (so  Deut.  33")  ; 
thy  godly  ones,  52'  79*  132"  145'"  (so  2  Ch.  6'^) ;  his  godly  ones, 
30'  31"  37^^  85*  97>''  116^5  1481*  149^  (so  I  S.  2'  Prov.  2')  ;  her 
godly  ones,  132^^.  The  word  (Heb.  hdsld)  is  an  adj.,  corre- 
sponding to  the  subst.  rendered  kindness  {hesed).  It  thus 
properly  signifies  kind;  and  has  this  force  in  145^'  Jer.  3^^ 
(where  it  is  used  of  God),  in  18^''  (=  2  S.  22^^),  and  perhaps 
in  12^  (cf.  Is.  57')  43^  Mic.  7".  But  in  usage  it  came  to  be 
a  designation  of  the  pious  servants  of  Jehovah,  and  as  such 
must  as  a  rule  be  rendered  by  a  more  general  term,  such  as 
godly.  It  is  a  question  how  it  acquired  this  more  general 
sense.  Most  probably  it  was  a  consequence  of  the  conditions 
of  society  in  ancient  Israel.  Those  who  were  '  kind '  to  one 
another,  and  to  their  inferiors — in  contrast  to  the  proud 
aristocratic  oppressors,  so  often  denounced  both  by  the 
prophets  and  also  by  Psalmists  (cf.  Ps.  10*"^'  36"  94^',  &c.) 
— were  the  god-fearing,  religious  members  of  the  community  : 
•  kindness '  was  a  moral  quality  which  Jehovah  highly  prized 
in  man  (Hos.  4'  6'-^  10'*  Mic.  6'),  and  also  took  under  His 
special  patronage  (i  S.  20'*  2  S.  9^),  and  habitually  manifested 
in  His  dealings  with  Israel  (Ex.  20'  ['mercy'],  and  constantly)  : 
hence  the  term  gradually  came  to  be  applied  as  a  designation 
of  the  godly  Israelite,  the  acquired  sense  superseded  the 
primary  one,  and  thus  it  was  frequently  used  in  passages 
where  (as  in  most  of  those  from  the  Psalms)  the  stress  lies 
manifestly  not  on  the  kindness  of  the  persons  referred  to,  but 
on   their  general  godliness.      In  the  age   of  the   Maccabees 


444  GLOSSARY  I 


(B.C.  i68  and  following  years)  the  terra  was  adopted  as  the 
title  of  the  patriotic  party  in  Israel,  who  were  faithful  to 
the  national  religion,  and  resisted  the  attempts  that  were 
made  to  overthrow  it ;  see  i  Mace.  2"  7"  2  Mace.  14''  (where 
'Hasidaeans'  is  the  Heb.  hdsidim,  the  plural  of  this  word). 
It  is  possible  that  'godly'  is  already  used  in  this  sense  in 
Ps.  I491-5-9,  if  not  in  116'^  as  well. 

gracious,  to  be  (of  God) :  59"'  77^  102"  1232 ;  of  men,  3721.26 
102'*  109'^  112'' :  be  gracious  unto  me,  4*  6-  9"  25"^-^'^  26"  27' 
30I0 31'. 41. .10 5ji  55: 5^1.1 86'-'« ii9-'«-i32^  cf.  ii9=»  (as  Gen  330  ;  be 
gracious  unto  us,  123^,  cf.  Is.  33^;  God  be  gracious  unto  us,  6f. 
Cf.  Gen.  43«  Ex.  33I9  Num.  6^\  The  rendering  of  the  phrase 
'be  gracious  unto  me'  in  P.B.V.,  'have  mercy  upon  me,'  or 
'  be  merciful  to  me,'  (i)  does  not  so  justly  express  the  force  of 
the  Heb.  (see  Kirkpatrick's  note  on  Ps.  iv.  i ),  and  (2)  entirely 
obliterates  the  connexion  of  the  word  with  the  adj.  '  gracious,' 
and  with  such  passages  as  Ex.  33'-'  Num.  6^'. 

gracious  (of  God) :  86^5 103'  in*  ii2»  116'^  145' ;  cf.  Ex.  22^^ 
34''  Joel  2'=  Jon.  42  2  Ch.  30^  Neh.  9"-"  f. 

graciousness :  45-  84". 

habitation  (fig.  of  God)  :  71^  90^  91". 

Happy  is  (are)  ...  (a  less  solemn  expression  than  Blessed, 
without  any  explicit  reference  -to  God)  :  i'  2'*  32^-^  33"  34"  40' 
41^  65'  84*-5-'2  89"94>2  106'  112I  ii9'-2  127'  i28'-2  i37'^-s  14415." 
i46\  The  Heb.  word  is  often  rendered  Happy  in  the  A.V. 
(as  Ps.  1275  144I5.15  1^65  Deut.  33^  Job  5"  Prov.  s'^  1421  16 « 
28''*) ;  and  it  ought  for  distinctness  to  be  so  rendered  always. 
See  Blessed, 

happy,  to  count  or  call:  41-  72"  (so  Gen.  30",  and 
elsewhere). 

haste  thee  to  help  me  (Heb.  for  my  help)  :  22'^  38^'  40" 
(=  70^)  71'^ ;  haste  thee  unto  me,  70"'  141'.     Not  so  elsewhere. 

hate  me,  those  that :  9"  18"  35"  38"  41^  69'-'*  86"  118^ ; 
(a  different  form  of  the  verb  in  the  Heb.)  18'",  cf.  55'-. 

help  (subst.),  in  connexion  with  God  :  20'^  44-"  46'  60'' 
(=  108^2)  89'9;    my  help,  2f  35^  40"  (=  qo')  63^  94"  i2ii-2j 


WORDS    AND   PHRASES  445 

our  help,  33-0  124"';  his  help,  146'^;  their  help,  115s-'"-".  Cf. 
Ex.  18*  Hos.  13^  Deut.  33' •^«-^''.  Not  so  elsewhere  :  but  cf.  (in 
the  Heb.)  haste  thee  to  help  me. 

hide  the  face,  to  (of  God)  :  10"  i3»  22^'  30^  44"  519  88'* 
104°^ ;  hide  not  thy  face  from  me,  27^  102^  143'.  cf.  69''. 

hiding-plaoe  (fig.  of  God,  as  a  defence  for  His  people")  : 
27' 31^"  32'' 61*  91^  119"'.  In  18"  Si'  (cf.  Job  22^')  the  thunder- 
cloud is  described  as  Jehovah's  hiding-place.  For  other  fig. 
applications,  see  Is.  16*  28'^  32^. 

high  retreat  (fig.  of  God)  :  ^^■''  18'  (=  2  S.  22^)  46'-"  48'' 
2^9.10. 17  ^2^-6  94'-^  144^  Not  so  elsewhere.  The  word  occurs  in 
its  literal  sense  in  Is.  25*^  (R.V.'high  fort')  ;  it  is  used  figuratively 
(though  not  of  God)  in  Is.  33'*  (R.V.  'place  of  defence'). 

high,  to  set  on  (cognate  with  the  word  rendered  '  high 
retreat';  fig.  for  to  place  in  some  impregnable  position,  beyond 
the  reach  of  foes)  :  20'  59'  69^^  91"'  io7'\  Cf.  Prov.  18'"  29^5, 
R.V.  marg^. 

hope,  to  (in  Jehovah  :  properly  to  ivait  for  ;  see  Gen.  8'^  Job 
29^'  '  unto  me  they  gave  ear  and  waited'  v.^^  'they  waited  for 
me  as  for  the  rain'):  a.  31"  33"  69'  130^  131';  absol.  71" 
119'"  ;  for  His  kindness,  33''  147";  for  His  ordinances,  119"; 
for  His  word,  up".".'".'";  b.  (a  different  form  of  the  same 
verb  in  the  Hebrew)  38"  42'-"  43',  cf.  37'  (a  synonym) ;  for 
His  word,  130'.  Not  common  elsewhere  :  with  a.  comp.  Is.  42^ 
51^ ;  with  b.  2  Ki.  6"  Mic.  7'  Lam.  3''-^     Cf.  wait. 

hope  (the  cognate  subst.)  :  39'  (cf.  Prov.  10'"  11^  13'^ 
Lam.  3"). 

humble  (orafflict\  to  :  35"  88'  89"  90"  94'  102^'  ('brought 
down'),  io5'«  107"  116"  ii9«'-"-'^-""  132'  (lit.  his  being  afflided). 
Comp.  in  other  books  Ex.  i"-'^  22'^  Deut.  8--^  &c. 

humble  {'andw :  of  one  who  humbles  or  submits  himself 
voluntarily,  esp.  under  the  hand  of  God):  9'^  [marg.y*  10'^ 
{marg.y  22^  25'  34'  37"  69"  76'  147''  149^  Elsewhere  Nu.  12^ 
(of  Moses),  Am.  2'  8'  i^Heb.  text),  Is.  11'  29"  32'  (Heb.  text),  61^ 
Zeph.  2'',  and  in  the  Heb.  margin  of  Prov.  3'^  14-'  i6"f.  In 
A. v.,  R.V.,  mostly  rendered  meek.  The  word  in  the  Heb. 
closely  resembles  that  for  (2)  poor  ;  and  differences  of  reading 


446  GLOSSARY   I 


are  sometimes  produced  by  the  similarity  :  thus  in  Am.  8^  Is. 
32' Job  24^  (in  certain  MSS.)  Ps.  9'^  the  Heb.  text  has  humble, 
and  the  Heb.  margin  poor  {humbled)  ;  while  in  Ps.  9'"  10'^ 
Prov.  3'*  14*'  16"  the  Heb.  text  has  poor  {humbled,  and  the  Heb. 
margin  humble.  In  meaning  the  two  words  differ  materially, 
that  rendered  '  poor '  denoting  one  humbled  involuntarily  by 
external  circumstances,  while  this  denotes  one  who  is  volun- 
tarily AMw6/e  himself :  nevertheless  they  do  not  differ  greatly 
in  application,  especially  in  the  Psalms,  both  being  designations 
of  the  pious  servants  of  Jehovah,  the  one  term  describing  them 
from  the  point  of  view  of  their  external  condition,  the  other 
from  that  of  their  mental  character  or  disposition. 

humiliation  (or  aflaiction)  :  9"  22---  25'^  31'  44=^  88'  io7'»-" 
jjg5o.92.i53_     comp.  Ex.  3'-"  I  S.  i". 

humility  (cognate  with  humble) :  18"  (of  God,  strangely), 
45*.  Elsewhere  Zeph.  2'  (A.V.,  R.V.  '  meekness '),  Prov.  15" 
(=  18'^ :   '  before  honour  is  humility '),  22^f . 

incline  thine  ear  (addressed  to  God):  17'  31'*  71^  86' 
88=  102=  (cf  116^).  So  2  Ki.  19'"  ( =  Is.  37")  Dan.  9'^t.  (Prov. 
4-°  5'  22'^,  addressed  to  a  human  listener;  comp.  Ps.  45'°.) 

insincerity  :  see  unreality. 

Jah  (properly  Yah,  contracted  from  Jehovah,  i.  e.  as  it  ought 
to  be  pronounced,  Yahwch)  :  68*-'^  77"  89^  94'-'=  102'^  115"-" 
ii8=-^*  (=  Ex.  15^=  Is.  12=)  "•''•"  122*  130^  135'-'  150^  and  in 
Praise  ye  Jah  (see  Praise).  Elsewhere  (as  a  separate  word) 
only  Ex.  17'^  Is.  26'  38"-". 

(i)  judge,  to  (of  God  ;  often  with  the  collateral  idea  of 
defending  and  delivering  the  righteous,  and  of  condemning  and 
punishing  the  wicked) :  7"  9^-'  (cf.  v.  ■"),  10'^  50'  51'  58"  67* 
75=-'  82'-'  94'  96"-"  98'-' ;  judge  me,  f  26'  35='  43'. 

(2)  judge,  to  {dan,  a  rarer,  and  more  exclusively  poetical 
word  than  shdphat :  in  9',  in  order  to  avoid  the  repetition  of 
the  same  word  in  the  English,  rendered  to  minister  judgement 
to)  :  7'  9^  54'  72-  96"°  (rendered  as  in  9',  on  account  of  the 
general  phrase  being  the  same),  no"  I35'^ 

keep  (or  preserve)  me  :  16'  17'  140'  141' ;  keep  my  soul, 
25="  85^ 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  447 

kind  :  12'  (altern.),  18"'  (=  2  S.  22''),  43'  (altern.)  ;  of  God 
145"  (so  Jer.  3'^).  The  adj.  corresponding  to  kindness.  See 
also  godly. 

kind,  to  show  oneself  (of  God) :  i8^=  (=28.  2a'')t. 

kindness  (God's)  :  6"  13'  18="  21'  23°  si'-"'-^'  32'°  33'-"-'^ 
Se'-'"  42'  44'' 48'  52'-'  59"-''=-"  63'=  63^  66'-"  eg'"  77'  85'  86"  89-= 
90'*  94''  loi'  I03'-"-"  106"  io7''-'=-^'-''  109''  s.ig^'-'"  130''  i435-'2 
144"  145'  147"-  In  special  phrases  : — («)  according  to  thy  kind- 
ness, 25'  51'  109'-"  ii9".i24.H9.i59 .  ^^)  ;j^  the  plural,  kindnesses  17' 
25=89'-"  io6"-«  107^'  119";  (c)  combined  with  truth,  25'°  26' 
(as  a  model  for  man  to  imitate\  40'°-"  57^-"'  (  =  108^)  61'  69" 
86"  89'^  115'  117'-  138-  ;  {d)  with  faithfulness,  36'  88"  Sg'-'-'^-'^ 
92^  98^  100' ;  (e)  abundant  in  kindness,  86°-"  103' ;  cf.  the 
abundance  of  thy  {his)  kindness{es),  5'  6g"  io6'-"  ;  (/)  in  the 
liturgical  formula,  his  kindness  (endureth)  for  ever,  100°  106'  107' 
ii8>.M.4.29  1361-20  (26  times)  ;  cf.  138I  The  same  quality  is 
also  frequently  predicated  of  men,  as  Gen.  20''  21"  40'*  Josh. 
2"  Jud.  !"■'  I  S.  20'  2  S.  lol  In  A. v.,  R  V.,  when  used  with 
reference  to  men,  it  is  mostly  rendered  kindness,  but  occasion- 
ally mercy  (Prov.  16"  20^'  21^'  Is.  16')  and  goodness  (cf  Hos. 
6'-"  R.V.,  text  and  margin)  ;  when  used  with  reference  to  God, 
it  is  nearly  always  rendered  mercy  or  lovingkindness,  but  occa- 
sionally also  kindness  (as  Gen.  24'^''^  Ruth  2^°  2  S.  a''  i  Ki.  3" 
Is.  54^-'°).  Clearly  such  a  distinctive  word  should  be  rendered 
uniformly  ;  and  kindness  is  the  rendering  which  best  suits  all 
passages.  Mercy,  though  suitable  enough  in  particular  cases 
(especially  where  it  is  predicated  of  God),  is,  as  a  general 
rendering,  too  narrow  a  term,  and  accentuates  unduly  the  rights 
possessed  by  the  person  who  shows  the  hesed  as  against  the 
person  benefited  by  him  (cf.  the  writer's  Sermons  on  Subjects 
connected  with  the  Old  Testament,  p.  220  if.  [on  Hos.  6*^]).  Of 
course,  '  mercy'  is  not  excluded  by  '  kindness,'  but  is  included 
in  it.  (6)  So  Is,  55'  63',  and  occasionally  besides,  (c)  The 
same  combination  also  occurs  with  reference  to  men,  as  Gen. 
24'''  47'''  Josh.  2'^  (in  each  lit.  '  do  kindness  and  truth'),  Hos. 
4'  Ps.  85'°  Prov.  3'.  {e)  So  in  the  fundamental  passage,  Ex. 
34"  ;  whence  also  Nu.  14"  Joel  2"  Jon.  4=  Neh.  9''  (R.V.  '  plen- 
teous ').  Cf.  the  abundance  of  thy  [his)  kindness,  Is.  63'  Lam.  3^^ 
Neh.  13='. 


448  GLOSSARY  I 


king  (of  God)  :  10'^  24'-^-^"'-"'  29'"  47^-'  48^  95'  98'  99^  145' ; 
tny  king,  5^44^  68^^  74'^  84' ;  our  king,  47^ ;  their  king,  i49\  See 
reign. 

laud,  to  (a  rare  synonym  oi  to  praise)  :  63'  117'  145^  147'^- 

look  upon  (with  the  implication  of  satisfaction  or  delight,— 
in  a  good  or  bad  sense,  according  to  the  context ;  sometimes 
paraphrased  by  see  one's  desire  on)  :  22''  27'  ('gaze  upon';,'^ 
37''  50''  54'  59'"  91"  92'-  106'  112'  118'  128^ 

majesty :  8'  148^  (of.  Job  37'^  '  upon  God  is  terrible  majesty,' 
Hab.  3^  '  his  majesty  covered  the  heavens  ')  ;  majesty  and  state 
(the  attributes  of  a  king)  : — of  a  human  king,  21^  45^ ;  of  God, 
96°  (=1  Ch.  16-')  104'  iii^  ;  cf.  145°  '  the  state  of  the  glory  of 
thy  majesty,'  Job  40"  (Job  ironically  challenged  to  assume  the 
attributes  of  the  Almighty :  'Deck  thyself,  now,  with  pomp  and 
loftiness  ;  and  array  thyself  with  majesty  and  state  '). 

meditate,  to  (more  exactly,  to  meditate  aloud,  the  word 
meaning  properly  to  etnit  a  loiv  sound,  murmur,  mutter,  Is.  8") : 
i^  (cf.  Josh,  i'),  2'  38'^  63'  77''  115'  143' ;  of  the  tongue,  35'' 
71'^  (so  Is.  59'  R.V.  '  muttereth ' ;  Job  27^  R.V.  'utter');  of 
the  mouth,  37'"  (so  of  the  palate,  Prov.  8'  R.V.  '  utter ').  Cf. 
of  the  heart,  Prov.  15"  (R.V.  'studieth'),  24=  (R.V.  'studieth  '), 
Is.  33''  (R.V.  '  muse  on  '),  59"  (R.V.  '  uttering  from  the  heart '). 
Comp.  murmur  (subst.),  Ps.  90'  (also  Job  37-''  Ez.  a'^f). 

meditation :  5'  39'  (lit.  in  my  meditation). 

melody,  to  make  (to  Jehovah)  :  30'-  66">  147' ;  to  His  name, 
66''<=  92',  to  His  strength,  21"  ;  make  melody  (imper.)  .  .  . ,  9" 
30'  33'  47''-''-'-''-'  68''  98'-'  105=  (=  I  Ch.  16')  147' ;  to  His  name, 
68^  (cf.  66=)  135'  ;  /  will  make  melody  (to  Jehovah),  27**  57'-'' 
(■=  io8'-')  59" 71^'-''  75'  loi'  104"  138'  144'  146'-  149';  to  His 
name,  7"  9'  18"  (=  2  S.  22^")  21'^  ('we')  61'.  The  word, 
which  is  used  indifferently  of  both  music  and  singing,  is  very 
characteristic  of  the  Psalms  :  it  occurs  elsewhere  only  Jud.  5' 
and  Is.  12't. 

melody  :  8r-  98'  Is.  51'  Am.  5-^t ;  (a  slightly  different 
form  in  the  Heb.)  118''  (=  Ex.  15"=  Is.  I2=)t ;  (a  third  form) 
95'  119"  (cf.  2  S.  23'  Is.  24'^  25' Job  35'",  and  of  the  singing 
of  birds,  Cant.  2'')f . 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  449 

might  (of  God) :  21"  54"  65^  66'  71''  80^  89^'  106^  145"  ;  in 
the  plur.  =  mighty  ads,  20"  71'"  io6'^  145^''°  150'  (cf-  Dt.  3"  Is. 
63'*  Job  26").     See  the  next  word  ;  and  comp.  Jer.  <f\ 

mighty  man  (i.  e.  a  warrior,  comp.  David's  *  mighty  men,' 
2  S.  16"  23%  &c.  :  an  ancient  warrior,  with  his  person  clad  in 
armour,  would  suggest  the  idea  of  might  much  more  than  an 
ordinary  modern  soldier)  :  19'  33'"  45'  78''  89"  120'  127^  ;  of 
Jehovah,  24'-'  (so  Zeph.  3"  Is.  42''}  ;  cf.  78''. 

Most  High,  the  (title  o£ God) :  7"  g  iB'^  (=28.  22")  21' 
46'  47-  50"  sf  73"  77'°  78"-=^-^''  82"  87'  91'-'  92'  107"  ;  cf.  83" 
97I    Elsewhere  Gen.  i4'M3.2o.:2  Num.  24'"  Dt.  32'  Is.  14"  Lam. 

-35.38  .     X)a.T\      Q^'     .2.17.21.25.32.34    j.18.21    „13,22.25.25.27J.^ 

moved,  to  be  (i.e.  to  give  way,  shake,  totter;  see  Is.  40'° 
41'  of  an  image,  set  up  securely  so  that  it  '  cannot  be  moved  ' ; 
often  fig.  of  prosperity  being  shaken) : — (a)  ht.  of  mountains, 
46'  (cf.  Is.  54"j,  the  earth,  104',  Zion,  125'  ;  {b)  fig.  of  kingdoms, 
46^,  lands,  60-,  the  social  order  of  the  world,  82'  93'  96" ;  (c) 
fig.  of  the  prosperity  of  individuals,  13^  55"^ ;  esp.  in  the  phrases 
I  shall  not  be  moved,  10^  16'  30'  62^•^  and  {he)  shall  not  be  moved, 
15'  21'  112"  (cf.  Prov.  10'°  12')  ;  so  46'  of  the  Holy  city  ;  {d) 
spec,  of  the  foot  slipping  or  giving  way,  fig.  of  wavering 
morally,  17'  (cf.  73^),  of  failing  in  prosperity,  38'"  66'  94"*  121' 
(cf.  Dt.  32").  (Opp.  to  the  foot  standing  firm,  or  in  an  even 
place,  26'^  4o\)     Cf.  to  totter. 

muse,  to  :  55"  77'-'-"  np'^.^^-^-^^-''-'"  143^ ;  poet,  for  talk,  69'^ 
105^  (=  I  Ch.  16')  145^  (cf.  Jud.  5'°  Job  12'  Prov.  6'^).  Else- 
where only  Job  7"  ('  complain  '),  Is.  53'  (R.V.  '  consider  •)t. 

musing:  104'*  iig"-"';  with  the  collat.  idea  of  complaint, 
and  then  so  rendered,  55'  64'  142'  (so  i  S.  i"  Job  7"  9"  10' 
zi*  23^  Ps.  102  title,  Prov.  23'"). 

name's  sake,  for  thy  (his)  :  23^  25"  31'  79''  106'  109"  143". 

name,  to  call  upon  the  (lit.  '  to  call  with  the  name,'  i.  e. 
using  it  in  invocations)  :  79'  80"  ii6*-"-".  (In  105'=  Is.  12', 
the  same  Heb.  means  rather  to  proclaim  or  celebrate  the  name.) 

naughtiness  (^aven)  :  7"  10'  36^-"  41°  55"  56'  59'  66'^  94=' 
119'^' ;  workers  of  naughtiness  (or  they  that  work  naughtiness), 

Gg 


450  GLOSSARY  I 


5=  6'  14^  (=  530  2&  36'^  59'-  64^  92'-»  94'-"  loi'   125'  141'-'. 

A  standing  phrase,  occurring  also  Hos.  6'  Is.  31"  Job  31^  34'"" 
Prov.  10  '  2I'^  The  word,  to  judge  from  Arabic,  will  have 
denoted  primarily  what  is  wean'soine  ;  in  Heb.  it  is  applied  to 
what  is  trottbluig,  disappointing,  valueless,  and  may  denote, 
according  to  the  context,  {a)  calamity,  misfoytiine  (Ps.  55^90'°), 
(6)  naitght-y  conduct,  naughtiness,  a  term  of  disparagement  for 
wickedness,  (c)  what  ts  disappointing,  valueless,  a  thing  of  naught, 
esp.  of  idols.  Comp.  (a)  Dt.  26"  '  I  have  not  eaten  thereof  in 
my  trouble  (mourning),'  Prov.  12''  'there  shall  no  mis/oiiune 
happen  to  the  righteous,'  22'  R.V.  '  he  that  soweth  unright- 
eousness shall  reap  calamity,'  Job  5"  Hab.  3'  (A.V.,  R.V.,  in 
both,  affliction).  Am.  5'  'Bethel  shall  come  to  misfortune'  ;  (Z>) 
Mic.  2'  'Ah,  they  that  devise  naughtiness, and  work  evil,  upon 
their  beds  ! '  (cf.  Ps.  36'),  and  the  examples  cited  above  from 
the  Psalms;  (c)  i  S.  15°'  'stubbornness  is  as  idols  and  Tera- 
phim,'  Is.  66'  '  he  that  burneth  incense  is  no  better  than  he 
that  blesseth  a  thing  0/ naught  (an  idol)  ' ;  cf.  4 1"'  and  Zech.  10^ 
(R.V.  '  vanity  ')• 

needy  :  9"  12'  49-  69"  72^-'^-"  107"  109''  112'  113'  132"  140"  ; 
poor  {afflicted)  and  needy  :  35'°  37"  40"  (=  70')  74='  86'  109'"-'' 
(cf.  Dt.  24"  Jer.  22"^  Ez.  16'"  18'='  22='  Is.  41")  ;  feeble  and  needy, 
72''  82^  The  '  needy '  are  frequently  alluded  to  in  the  pro- 
phets as  the  victims  of  oppression,  and  the  objects  of  God's 
care,  e.  g.  Am.  z^  4'  5'^  8'-*  Is.  14'°  29"  32'  Jer.  5^^  20"  :  see 
also  Ex.  23*-". 

net  (fig.  of  destruction  prepared  for  any  one)  :  9"  10'  25" 
31'  35''^  57"  140'  (so  Job  18'  Prov.  29'  Lam.  i",  and  elsewhere. 
For  the  literal  sense,  see  Prov.  1"  '  in  vain  is  the  net  spread 
in  the  sight  of  any  bird  ').  The  word  used  in  66"  is  a  different 
one,  meaning  properly  a  hunting-implement,  and  occurring 
othenvise  only  Ez.  12"  17^°  (R.V.  'snare'). 

pardon,  to  (a  word  used  only  of  God)  :  25"  103'  (so  Ex.  34' 
Num.  14"°  Is.  55',  and  elsewhere)  ;  ready  to  pardon,  86^  |- ; 
pardon  (subst.)  130'  (also  Neh.  9"  Dan.  9't).  In  A.V.,  R.V., 
the  distinction  between  this  word  and  that  rendered  forgive 
(q.v. )  is  not  preserved. 

perfect  (i.  e.  morally  blameless ;  lit.  whole,   sound,   ivithout 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  451 

blemish,  as  an  animal  for  sacrifice,  Lev.  1'  and  often)  :  15' 
i8''-=-"  37"  loi-"  1 19'-»° ;  (a  slightly  different  form  in  the  Heb.) 
37"  64^  :  of  God,  18'°  (cf.  Dt.  33*)  ;  of  His  law,  19'.  Cf.  Gen. 
6»  17'  Job  i'. 

perfectness  :  f  25''  26'-"  4i'2  78"  84"  ioi\ 

perfect,  to  show  oneself  perfect  (of  God)  :  18"  ( =  2  S. 

perfect,  to  be,  19'^ 

(i)  pit  {bor,  Gen.  37^°-",  &c.  ;  also  used  often  of  a  dungeon, 
as  Gen.  40''  Jer.  38"-'',  &c.)  :  (a)  of  a  pit  dug  to  entrap  a  man, 
7'' ;  {b)  fig.  of  a  position  of  extreme  peril,.  40^  (cf.  Lam.  3^') ; 
(c)  of  the  under-world,  esp.  in  the  phrase  '  they  that  go  down 
into  the  pit,'  28'  30'  88^  (cf.  v."  Lam.  3")  143^  (so  Is.  14"  [cf. 

V.'']    38''   EZ.    Zf"'-'"   si"-"   32'».24.2=.«.30    [-j,f_    y_23J    pj.Qy_     j,2J.|._ 

(2)  pit  {shahaih)  -.—[a)  of  a  pit-fall,  7'^  9''  35'  94"  (so  Prov. 
26"  Ez.  i9'-')t;  (a  different  derivative  of  the  same  root),  57"  119'= 
(cf.  Jer.  iS^"-^^;  also  2«  Prov.  22"=  23")!;  (a  third  form),  1072" 
Lam.  42°  (cf.  Prov.  28'")  ;  (b)  of  the  under-world,  16'°  30'  49^ 
55''  103*  (so  Is.  38"  51"  Ez.  28'  Jon.  2"  Job  17"  33i^.22.24.2s.3o^l_ 
In  A.V.,  R.V.,  in  consequence  of  an  incorrect  etymology, 
sometimes  rendered  coryuptton. 

pleasure  in,  to  take,  to  be  pleased  :  40"  49"  ('  approve  ') 
50"  62'  102'^  I47"'-"  149^;  hence  to  show  pleasure  or  Javour  to, 
to  be  favourable  to,  44'  77'  85' ;  of  a  sacrifice,  or  other  offering, 
to  regard  with  pleasure  or  favour,  51'",  in  other  words  to  accept, 
119'°'  (so  Hos.  8'^  Am.  5^^  Mic.  & ;  cf.  2  S.  24=^). 

pleasure  (in  the  sense  of  something  in  which  one  takes 
pleasure,  or  which  one  would  have  done,  hence  nearly  =  w/7/)  : 
40'  103="  143'°  145''  (cf.  Ezr.  10")  ;  if  shown  towards  another, 
favour,  5'=  3o'-'  51''  89"  106^  145''  ;  of  a  sacrifice  or  other 
offering,  offered  for  favour,  i.  e.  so  that  it  may  be  regarded 
with  pleasure  or  favourably,  in  other  words  be  acceptable,  19" 
(cf.  Lev.  i'  Jer.  6'"  Is.  56'  60')  ;  a  time  of  pleasure  or  favour,  i.  e. 
an  acceptable  time,  69"  (cf.  Is.  49'  58^  61'). 

(i)  poor  {'dm,  lit.  humbled,  esp.  by  oppression  :  cognate 
with  the  verb  rendered  to  humble,  Dt.  8--',  and,  more  often,  to 
afflict,  Ex.  i"-'2  22-="-",  &c.,  and  with  the  subst,  rendered  afflic- 

Gg  2 


452  GLOSSARY  1 


Hon,  Ex.  3'-"  I  S.  i",  &c.)  :  q'^-'"  {marg>)  io=-'-'^  12'  14'  34' 
3^10.10  2^1.  ^Q.T  68>»  70'  72'-'-"  74"-'  82'  86'  109''-"  140".  See 
Ex.  22"  Dt.  24"-'-'-'=  ;  and  cf.  in  the  prophets,  Is.  3"-'^  ('  what 
mean  ye,  that  ye  grind  the  faces  of  the /foo;-? '),  66'  Jer.  22" 
Ez.  22^',  &c.  The  idea  of  humbled  or  afflicted  must  always 
have  been  felt  to  be  present  in  the  word  ;  and  sometimes  it 
seems  to  predominate  so  much  that  it  has  been  so  rendered:  see 
Ps.  18"  22'*  ('  the  affliction  of  the  afflicted '),  25"  88'^  Is.  14" 
49"  51"  54"  Zeph.  3'^     Cf.  the  remarks  under  humble. 

(2)  poor  (dal,  lit.  thin,  lean,  Gen.  41'°  2  S.  13',  then  fig. 
reduced,  feeble,  2  S.  3',  esp.  through  poverty  :  cognate  with  the 
verb  rendered  brought  low  in  Jud.  6'  Ps.  79'  lie'  142") :  41' 
(here,  perhaps,  weakly,  sick\  72"  82'-*  (rendered  in  these  three 
passages,  on  account  of  the  other  word  for  poor  standing  close 
by,  feeble),  113'.  See  Ex.  23^  30'' ;  and  cf.  Am.  2'  4'  5"  8"  Is. 
10'  ix\  &iC. 

praise,  to  (viz.  God):  Zi^'  6f  69"  84^  102"  107''  115" 
jjgi64.i-s  j^qS.  H,g  name,  74^'  148'-'^  149^  ;  /  ivitl  praise  (thee, 
him,  &c.),  22='  35"  56'->"-'<'  69^°  109'°  145'  146= ;  praise  (imper.), 
li3'->  (=  135'-')  117'  135'  146'  147'^  I48'-'  150'  ;  praise  him,  22^' 
148'-'-^-'-'-^  iSo'-^-''-^-*-^-'-'-^;  praise  ye  J  ah  ('Hallelujah'),  104" 
io5«  io6'-^«  III'  112'  113'-'  115"  116"  117'  135'-"  146'-"'  147'-'° 
148'-'^  149'*°  150'-'  (not  elsewhere)  ;  to  be  praised  (i.  e,  worthy 
to"  be  praised),  18'  (=  2  S.  22^)  48'  (=  96'=  i  Ch.  16'^  113' 
145^  A  liturgical  term,  similar,  and  often  parallel,  to  thank 
(q.  v.),  found  elsewhere  (with  reference  to  God)  Jer.  20''  31' 
Is.  38"  (Hezekiah's  song\  62'  64"  Joel  2'",  and  otherwise  only 
in  Ch.,  Ezr.,  Neh.,  as  i  Ch.  16^-^''  23'-'°  Ezr.  3'°-". 

praise  (subst.):  9''  22^-"  33'  34'  35"  40'  48"  51"  65'  66'-' 
^i6.8.H  ^34  ^g.3  3.0Q4  JQ221  io5--''-"  (hence  i  Ch.  16")  109'  iii"' 
119'^'  145"-'  147'  148'^  149'.  Cf.  Ex.  15"  Dt.  lo^'  Jer.  17'^  Is. 
42'-'°-'^  43".  This  is  the  word  of  which  the  Heb.  title  of  the 
book  of 'Psalms'  {T^hillim,  properly /ra/ses,  praise-songs)  is 
an  irregular  plural,  though  it  does  not  occur  in  the  Old  Testa- 
ment itself  in  that  sense  (the  word  in  the  titles  of  Ps.  3,  4,  &c., 
being  a  diflerent  one,  mismor). 

prove,  put  to  the  proof,  to  (the  same  Heb.):  (o)  of  God 
proving  man  (with  the  view  of  testing  his  sincerity,  or  his 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  453 

faith),  26';  (6)  of  man  proving  God,  or  putting  Him  to  the 
proof  (esp.  by  doubting  His  promise,  or  power  to  save), 
78"-'"-^'  95'  (cf.  Massah,  v/)  106".  With  a,  cf.  Gen.  22'  (R.V.), 
Ex  20'°  Dt.  8=  13'  ;  with  b,  Ex.  I7-''  Num.  14-'  Dt.  6'"  Is.  f\ 
Tempt  (P.B.V.,  A,V.,  sometimes  even  R.V.)  'is  a  misleading 
rendering  ;  for  to  tempt  has,  in  modern  English,  acquired  the 
sense  o( provoking  or  enticing  a  person  in  order  that  he  may  act 
in  a  particular  way  :  nissdh  is  a  neutral  word,  and  means  to 
test  or  prove  a  person,  to  see  whether  he  will  act  in  a  particular 
way  (Ex.  16*  Jud.  2"'  3"),  or  ivhether  the  character  he  bears  is 
well-established  ^i  Ki.  10')  '  (from  the  writer's  Commentary  on 
Deuteronomy,  p.  95).  So  temptations,  Dt.  4''  7'^  29",  mean 
really  testings,  provings,  viz.  of  Pharaoh's  disposition  and  pur- 
pose (ibid.  p.  75). 

quicken,  to  (both  in  the  sense  oi  preserving  alive,  and  in  that 
oi  giving  tiew  life  to)  :  71"°  80"  85''  iig'"-"^  138'  143";  quickennie 
(imper.),  11925.37.40.88.107.149.154.156.159_     Rendered  keep  alive,  22=^  30^ 

33"  41'. 

ransom,  to  {pdddh')  :  {a)  lit.  (from  death),  49' ;  (b)  fig.  of 
deliverance  from  enemies,  troubles,  death,  &c.,  25"  26"  31^34^^ 
44''  49"  55"  69'^  71=^  78"  119"'  130'  (from  sin).  Cf  the  subst. 
ransom,  ransoming,  49"  111°  130'.  The  word  is  used  properly 
of  ransoming  a  person,  or  animal,  from  death,  either  by  a  sub- 
stitute, or  by  payment  of  a  sum  of  money;  see  Ex.  i3"-''  3420 
Num.  i8'''"'-",  of  ransoming  the  first-born.  The  fig.  use  is 
frequent  in  other  books,  as  well  as  in  the  Psalms  :  see  e.g.  2  S. 
4"  I  Ki.  I-'  Hos.  13"  Is.  i"  Jer.  15"  Job  5'° ;  of  the  deliverance 
from  Egypt,  Dt.  7^  9'°  13',  and  elsewhere.  In  A.V.,  R.V., 
often  rendered  redeem,  and  thereby  confused  with  the  next 
word. 

redeem,  to  (gd'al),  in  various  fig.  applications,  of  rescuing 
from  peril,  oppression,  exile,  &c. :  69'''  72"  74'  77''  103^  106'° 
107'-^  119"';  my  redeemer,  ig^^ ;  their  redeemer, 'jS'^.  This  word 
is  properly  to  resume  a  claim  or  right  which  has  lapsed  (Lev. 
2^24.25^^  to  re  claim,  re-vindicate.  It  is  thus  used  of  God's  re- 
claiming His  people  from  Egypt,  Ex.  15"  (cf  Ps.  74^  77'^  106")  ; 
and  especially  in  the  second  part  of  Isaiah  (c.  40  66),  of  His 
re-claimtng  them  from  exile  in  Babj'lon  (43'  44^''^^  48''°  52''  63^ ; 


454  GLOSSARY  I 

so  in  the  title  thy,  your,  our,  /it's  redeemer,  41"  43''  44''""^  47*, 
&c.)-  For  other  fig.  applications,  see  Gen.  48'"  Hos.  13'* 
Prov.  23"  Job  19'°  (where  'vindicator'  would  be  a  better 
rendering  than  '  redeemer,'  the  word  signifying  one  who 
would  vindicate  Job  against  the  cruel  and  unjust  imputations 
made  by  his  friends). 

refuge  (fig.  of  God)  :  14' 46'  61'  62'-'  71^  73''  91=-'  94=^  142= ; 
so  Jer.  17"  Is.  25'  Joel  3'^  Not  elsewhere  in  this  application. 
The  lit.  sense  of  the  term,  shelter,  esp.  against  a  storm,  appears 
clearly  from  Job  24"  Is.  4^  'a  refuge  from  the  rain-flood,'  25^ 

refuge,  to  take  (vis.  in  God)  :  11'  18-  (=28.  22')  34'  37" 
57'i'  64'°  ii8''-^  144^;  under  Jehovah's  wings,  36'  57''=  61^  91* 
(cf.  Ruth  2'-) ;  in  thee  have  I  taken  refuge,  7'  31'  71'  141* ;  I  have 
taken  refuge  in  thee,  16'  25^° ;  he  (or  they^  that  take  refuge  in  him 
{thee),  2'"  5"  17'  iS-"  (=  2  S.  22")  31"  34=^  (so  Nah.  i'  Is.  57'^ 
Prov.  30^  [from  Ps.  18'°]).  Comp.  Dt.  32"  'the  rock  in 
which  they  took  refuge '  (of  a  false  god).  Is.  14'^Zeph.  3'^  The 
literal  sense  of  the  expression  is  apparent  from  Jud.  9"  'come 
and  take  refuge  in  my  shadow '  (said  by  the  bramble),  and  Is. 
30^-^  (refuge  in  the  shadow  of  Egypt).  P.B.V. — and  A.V. 
(mostly) — '  put  trust  in,'  which  is  no  doubt  a  correct  paraphrase, 
but  which  entirely  obliterates  the  distinctive  and  expressive 
figure  of  the  Heb. ,  and  at  the  same  time  confuses  the  word 
with  the  one  rightly  rendered  'trust'  (R.V.  has  several  times 
take  refuge). 

reign,  to  (of  God) :  47'  (see  the  note),  93'  (cf.  Is.  52^),  96'° 
97'  99>  146'°.     Cf.  king. 

reins,  the  (i.  e.  the  kidneys,  Lat.  renes) :  7'  16'  26'  73"'  139". 
Regarded  by  the  Hebrews  as  the  springs  oi  feeling:  hence, 
when  it  is  said  of  God  that  He  trieth  (or  seeth)  the  '  hearts  and 
reins'  (Ps.  7'  Jer.  11'°  17'°  20"),  it  is  implied  that  He  is  cogni- 
zant of  man's  emotions  and  affections,  not  less  than  of  his 
thoughts.  The  '  reins  '  are  mentioned  similarly  in  Jer.  12^ 
Prov.  23' ^ 

reproach  (directed  against  the  Psalmists,  Israel,  orjehovah) : 
22'  31"  39'  44''  eg'-'-''-'^-^"  71"  74"  79^-'2  89"-=^°  109"  II9"-''; 
Otherwise  15'  78''. 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  455 

reproach,  to":  42'°  44"^  55'=  57'  69'  74'"-"  79"  89^'-^'  102'  119". 
This  and  the  last  word  afford  an  indication  of  the  historical  and 
social  conditions  under  which  many  of  the  Psalms  were 
composed. 

rescue,  to  (said  of  God) :  6'  18''  (=28.  22'°)  34'  50"  81' 
91'^  116^  119'*^  140'  ;  cf.  the  passive,  60^^=  108'.  Elsewhere 
only  7'  Prov.  1 1--^  Job  36'^     Cf.  deliver. 

return  (as  a  prayer,  addressed  to  God)  :  6'  80"  90"  ;  cf.  7^. 
So  Is.  63". 

ring  out,  to,  or  (when  used  absolutely)  to  ring  out  joy 
(a  word  which  'properly  means  a  shrill,  piercing  cry,  expres- 
sive of  emotional  excitement,  such  as  an  F.astern  scruples  not 
to  use  in  prayer  [see  the  next  word  but  one],  but  which  is  also 
equally  adapted  for  rejoicing  and  for  lamentation.'  Cheyne 
on  Ps.  5'=) :  5"  20=  32"  33>  35"  51"  59"  63'  65^  6f  71=^  78^=  8i' 
84-  89'-  90"  92^  95'  96'^  98^-'  132'-"'  145'  i49\  Cf.  Is.  42"  44=^  49" 
52*  54'  (in  A. v.,  R.V.,  usually  sing ;  sometimes  sliout  or 
rejoice). 

ringing  cry  (^VncinaJi)  :  63'  100^ ;  also  Job  3'  20'f . 

ringing  cry  {rinimh)  :  (a)  of  rejoicing,  30' 42' 47'  105"  107"^ 
118''  I26'-'-'';  {b)  of  prayer,  17'  61'  88^  106"  119'°'.  With  a, 
comp.  Prov.  ii'"  Is.  14^  35'°  44"  48^"  (A.V.,  R.V.,  usually 
singing)  ;  with  b,  i  Ki.  8''  Jer.  7'"  11''  14'=  (A.V.,  R.V.,  ay). 

rise  up  against,  those  that  :  3'  17'  i8''-*"  44^*  59'  74='  92". 

rock  (fig.  of  God) :  18"  71'  78"  ;  my  rock,  iS-"*  (=  2  S. 
22'-"«),  19"  28'  62'-'  92''  95'  144' ;  cf.  31'  62^  73'-°  89==  94"^ 
Elsewhere  Dt.  ga^-i'-i^-s"-"  (also  in  vv."-",  of  a  false  God),  i  S. 
2"  2  S.  22"'^  23^  Is.  30''  44'  Hab.  i'^ ;  cf.  Is.  26*  '  in  Jah  Jehovah 
there  is  a  rock  of  ages.'  In  P.B.V.  usually  paraphrased  by 
'  strength,'  or  (as  Ps.  18"  89")  by  '  strong'  with  a  subst.,  to  the 
great  detriment  of  the  poetry.     Cf.  the  sj^n.  crag. 

(i)  salvation  {y^s/iil'd/i, — properly,  deliverance,  liberation'. 
the  root-idea  of  the  word,  as  Arabic  shows,  is  breadth,  spacious- 
ness, freedotn  from  constraint)  :  3^-*  9'*  13'  14'  20''  21'-''  22'  35'-' 
62'-'-''  e-f  68"  69'"  70'  78'=  80'  88'  (but  see  the  note),  89-°  91'' 

96=     98-'      106^      Il8"-'^-'      II9>23.155.ie6.174      j^q7      ^^^4.     J^      jjjg      p]^^^ 

(intensively)  i8''»  28'  42'-"  43^  44^  53"  74'^  116"  (so  Is.  26'^  33"). 


456  GLOSSARY  I 


The  word  is  used  primarily,  as  Ex.  14"  i  S.  14^'  very  clearly 
show,  ofa  material  deliverance  {cf.  Job3o'°A.V.,  R  V.,  'welfare')  ; 
and  a  comparison  of  the  context  shows  that  in  most  of  the 
passages  of  the  Psalms  it  has  a  similar  sense  (cf.  the  cognate 
verb  to  save)  *  ;  but  in  the  prophets  it  is  often  used  in  a  larger, 
ideal  sense  of  a  maferial  deliverance  accompanied  by  spiritual 
blessings  (cf.  Is.  12^-'  49"  si"-'  52"-"  56')  ;  and  it  has  sometimes 
the  same  sense  in  the  Psalms  (cf.  e.g.  Ps.  67^  98^  with  Is.  52'"). 
The  word  never  occurs  in  the  O.  T.  in  the  purely  spiritual 
sense,  which  the  corresponding  Greek  word  often  has  in  the 
N.T. 

(2)  salvation  (t^shft'ah,  a  synonym,  more  frequent  in  prose 
than  yes/uTd/i,  but  rarer  in  poetry)  :  37''  38'^  4o"'-"'  51"  60"  (  = 
io8'^)  71''  1 19^'-''  144'"  146'  (cf.  Jer.  3''  Lam.  3-").  The  sense 
of  material  deliverance  in  the  case  of  this  word  is  very  clear 
from  Jud.  15'^  i  S.  ii'-'^  19^  2  S.  19'  23"'-'=  2  Ki.  5'  13''  (R.V. 
in  all  '  deliverance '  or  '  victory,' — sometimes  with  marg.  '  Hob. 
salvation'),  Prov.  11"  ('in  the  multitude  of  counsellors  there 
is  safety'),  as  also  from  Ps.  33"  ('  a  horse  is  a  delusive  thing 
for  safety^),  60"  ('  vain  is  the  salvation  of  man  '),  144'°  (P.B.V. 
'victory'),  146'.     For  the  larger  sense,  see  Is.  45"  46"•'^ 

(3)  salvation  {yesha', — a  third  synonym,  found  exclusively 
in  poetry)  :  12'  ('safety'),  i8--"-"  (=  2  S.  22'-'°-^")  20"  24''  25' 
27'-"  50-'  51"  62'  65  •  6g'^  79"  Ss'-'-'  95'  132".  Comp.  elsewhere 
Job  5^-"  ('  safety'),  Is.  17"  45'  51'  61'°  62"  Mic.  7'  Hab.  a'-'-"-" 
2  S.  23'  I  Ch.  16'^  (varied  from  Ps.  io6")t. 

(4)  A  fourth  derivative  of  the  same  verb,  occurring  only  Ps. 
68'°,  is  rendered  there  deliverances. 

save  me  (imper.)  :  3'  6*  7"   22''  31"  54'  59'  69'   71'   109'' 

seek,  to  {ins.  God)  :  40"  (=  70')  69"  105'  ;  His  face,  24'' 
27'-'  105''' ;  His  name,  83  ^ 

seek  after  God,  to  {ddrash, — implying  rather  more  diligent 
and  careful  inquiry  than  the  last  word  %)  :    34'  77^  78"  105"* 

*  On  the  marg.  of  3"  2o'>  44'  140',  R.V.  h.as,  'Or,  victory.'' 
J  And  so  it  is  the  word  used  of   requiring  blood,'  Ps.  io'"'-"l^'  (cf.  v.  '5) ; 
comp.  Gen.  9''  42--  Ez.  33''. 


WORDS    AND   PHRASES  457 

iig^-'" ;  those  that  seek  after  God  {thee,  him),  9"  14^  (=  53")  22^^ 
24"  34'°  69".  Rendered  seek  out  (or  study),  when  applied  to 
such   objects   as   the   works   of  God,   iii^,    or   His   statutes, 

senseless  {nablidl) :  14'  ( —  53')  39'  74''-''.  *  Fool,'  the 
usual  rendering  in  AV.,  R.V.,  is  inadequate  and  confusing; 
the  Heb.  ndbhal  was  in  many  respects  a  very  different  charac- 
ter from  what  is  ordinarily  understood  in  English  by  a  *  fool ' ; 
and  the  rendering  at  the  same  time  obliterates  the  distinction 
between  this  and  other  words  which  are  correctly  represented 
by  '  fool.'  The  fault  of  the  ndbhal  wa.s  not  weakness  of  reason, 
but  moral  and  religious  insensibility,  an  invincible  lack  of  sense, 
or  perception,  for  the  claims  of  either  God  or  man.  The  term 
is  thus  applied  to  Israel,  unappreciative  of  Jehovah's  benefits 
(Dt.  32"),  to  the  heathen  (v.^'  Ps.  74'^-"),  to  the  man  who  can- 
not perceive  that  there  is  a  God  (Ps.  14'=  53')-  Isaiah  states 
explicitly  what  he  understood  by  the  ndbhal :  he  contrasts 
him  (32')  with  the  'noble'  or  'liberal'  man,  and  adds  (v."), 
'  For  the  senseless  man  speaketh  senselessness,  and  his  heart 
worketh  naughtiness,  to  practise  profaneness,  and  to  utter 
error  against  Jehovah,  to  make  empty  the  soul  of  the  hungry, 
and  to  cause  the  drink  of  the  thirsty  to  fail'  ;  the  description 
is  that  of  a  man  who  is  at  once  irreligious  and  churlish  (cf.  i  S. 
25^""i.  The  word  occurs  besides,  2  S.  3"  13"  Job  2'"  30'  Prov. 
17'--'  (second  clause),  30'^  Jer.  17"  Ez.  13't.  The  correspond- 
ing subst.  senselessness  is  used  of  acts  of  profanity  (Jos.  7''), 
churlishness  (i  S.  25'=),  and  immorality  (Gen.  34'  Dt.  22^' 2  S. 
13'^,  and  elsewhere). 

Sheol  (the  Heb.  name  of  the  under-world,  corresponding  to 
the  Greek  Hades)  :  6'  9''  i6'°  18'  30'  31"  4g'*-"-''  55'=*  86''  88' 
89"  116'  139'  141'  (cf.  Gen.  37''=  42"  Num.  iG'"-^^  Dt.  32=^ 
Is.  5"  i4'-"->^  38  "•'»  Am.  g\  and  elsewhere).  Sheol  according 
to  the  Hebrew  conception  was  the  dark  (Job  lo"''-)  and 
cavernous  (Is.  14°-";  Ez.  32^'"'^)  abode  of  the  departed,  sup- 
posed to  be  situated  in  the  lowest  parts  of  the  earth  (Ps.  63^ 
86''  Ez.  26^°  31''  32''-'^),  next  above  the  subterranean  waters 
(Ps.  71'°),  where  good  and  bad  meet  alike  (Job  30''  'the 
house  of  meeting  for  all  living'),  and  the  inhabitants  of  which 


4-58  GLOSSARY  I 


pass  a  dim  and  shadowy  existence,  unworthy  of  the  name  of 
life,  cut  off  from  the  memory  and  protecting  help  of  God 
(Ps.  88^),  and  where  the  voice  of  praise  is  for  ever  hushed 
(Ps.  6^  30-  SS''-'^  115"  Is.  38''),  Sheol  is  never  mentioned  as 
a  place  of  punishment,  '  hell,'  wherever  it  stands  for  it  (as  in 
the  P.B.V.  of  Ps.  9"  16"  18^  30'  49'^-''  ss'-'  86"  88-  89"  116' 
iSg';  and  in  the  R.V.  of  Is.  s"  i4»-"-'5  28'=-'«  57'  Ez.  2,^'' ■"'••" 
32-'-"  Am.  9'  Jon.  2^  Hab.  2^),  being  used  in  its  old  sense, 
which  it  retains  also  in  the  Creed,  as  a  general  name  of  the 
place  of  the  departed.  Sheol  is  sometimes  personified  as 
a  power  of  destruction  {e.g.  Ps.  18"'  'the  nooses  of  Sheol,' 
r  16'),  and  sometimes  also  is  used  fig.  for  a  situation  of  extreme 
peril :  thus,  to  bring  up  or  deliver  from  Slieol  is  (as  we  might 
say)  to  rescue  from  the  brink  of  the  grave,  Ps.  30'  86'^. 

shield  (fig.  of  God)  :  3'  iS'-'"  28'  33'"  59"  84='-"  iis'-'"-"  119"' 
144^  cf.  7'°  18"  35'  89'^  So  Gen.  15'  Dt.  33-'  Prov.  2'  30= 
(from  Ps.  18").     Cf.  buckler. 

shout,  to  (in  public  worship)  :  47^  66'  81'  95'-'  98^-^  100'  ; 
cf  65'^     Comp.  Is.  44-^  Zeph.  3"  Zech.  9"  Ezr.  3". 

shouting:  27"  33'  47'  89'^  Cf.  2  S.  6'=  Ezr.  ■^"■"■'^  Job  8'' 
33'^(A.V.,  R.V.,  weakly,  'joy'). 

silence,  keep  not  (addressed  to  God)  :  28'  35"  39'' 83'  109'  ; 
cf.  50'-'. 

sing,  to  (to  God)  :  106'-  138';  cf.  137' ;  /  ivill  sing,  13'  21'^ 
('we'),  27'  57'  (=  108')  59'=  89'  loi'  104^'  144' ;  sing  (imper.), 
33'  68'-"  96'-'  (hence  i  Ch.  i6-'j  '  98'  105=  (hence  i  Ch.  16') 
149'.  Cf.  singers,  68-'  87'.  Comp.  elsewhere,  Ex.  15'-^'  Jud.  5' 
Jer.  2o'~  [s.  26'  42'°.  The  'singers'  are  mentioned  frequently 
in  Ch.,  Ezr.,  Neh.,  as  i  Ch.  is"!-'^."  2  Ch.  5'-''  Ezr.  2" 
Neh.  i2"-==-«.«-"-". 

smelt,  to  (properly  to  smelt  gold  or  silver  ore  (or  alloy),  so 
as  to  free  the  noble  metal  from  impurities  :  hence  (i)  to  refine 
(as  it  is  often  rendered  in  A.V. ,  R.V.)  ;  (2)  to  test  by  subjecting 
to  such  a  refining  process,  or,  as  the  result  of  the  process,  to 
approve  as  refined)  : — {n)  of  silver,  12" ;  (6)  fig.  of  Jehovah's 
saying  (as  consisting  of  unalloyed  truth),  sterling  (lit.  smelted), 
18'°  119'"  (cf.  12') ;   (c)  to  smelt,  fig.  of  testing  by  severe  dis- 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  459 

cipline,  and  removing,  if  they  exist,  ignoble  elements,  66"°, 
to  test  [and prove  true),  105"  ;  {d)  fig.  to  test  searchingly,  17'  26^. 
With  (b)  comp.  Prov.  30^^ ;  with  (c)  Is.  i"'^  '  and  siudt  away  as 
with  lye  thy  dross,'  48'"  Jen  6''  '  in  vain  the  smelter  smelteth, 
for  the  evil  are  not  separated,'  9'  '  Behold,  I  will  smelt  them, 
and  try  them,'  Zech.  13"  Mai.  3^-' ;  with  {d)  Jud.  7'  'and  I  will 
test  it  (the  people)  for  thee  there.' 

snare  or  bait :  69'^  106'^  (rendered  elsewhere  gin,  q.v.)  ;  to 
snare,  ensnare,  lay  snares,  9'"  38'^  109". 

song  :  28'  42'  69'°  I37'-''-'";  a  new  song,  33'  40'  96'  98'  144^ 
149'  (so  Is.  42'"  t)-  Cf.  Jud.  5'=  Am.  5=^  Is.  26' ;  and  in  Ch., 
Neh.,  as  i  Ch.  13'  15'"  25"-''  2  Ch.  5"  7''  Neh.  12"-'"-". 

soul  (in  Heb.  psychology,  the  principle  of  sentient  life  *  : 
the  term  is  used  accordingly  in  different  connexions,  in  some  of 
which  the  predominant  idea  is  that  of  life,  while  in  others  it  is 
that  oi feeling)  : — 

(i)  As  the  principle  of  life  (and  often,  in  both  A.V.  and 
R.V.,  so  rendered) :  f  17"  22''  31"'  34=^  44"  49"  55"  56"  59'  66' 
69'  7i'<'-"  94^1  116^  119"-""  r4i» ;  in  the  phrase  to  seek  my  soul, 
35*  38'' 40"  (=  70=)  54'  63'  86";  as  delivered  from  Sheol  or 
death,  i6'»  30'  33''  49"  56"  (=  116')  86'='  89^' ;  with  life  in  the 
parallel  clause,  7'  26"  74"  (as  amended),  78'°  143%  cf.  22-"  35" ; 
in  the  phrase  to  bring  back  the  soul  ij.  e.  to  restore  the  sense  of 
life,  to  revive  and  refresh),  19'  23'  (cf.  Lam.  i"-"-'^  Prov.  25'' 
Ruth  4'^). 

(2)  As  the  principle  or  organ  of  feeling ;  and  hence  (a)  as 
the  sphere  in  which  various  emotions,  as  joy  and  grief,  plea- 
sure and  vexation,  love  and  hate,  hope  and  fear,  come  to 
consciousness,  G  13^  31'"'  33^°  34^  35"^^  42°-''-"  43'  62'-^  63'-'  71^^ 
77=  86"^  88'  94"  103'---=  104'-"  107^-^''  116'  119"  123'  130'  131^ 
138'  146',  cf.  42^  Comp.  in  other  books.  Gen.  42-'  i  S.  30' 
Jer.  13"  Song  of  Songs  i'.  (Z>)  As  a  pathetic  circumlocution 
for  the  personal  pronoun,  esp.  where  it  is  desired  to  represent 
a  person  as  vividly  conscious  of  some  emotion  or  experience, 
whether  pleasurable  or  painful,  3-  ('that  say  of  my  soul'  = 

*  And  as  such,  common  to  both  men  and  animals  :  exactly  the  same 
expression  living  soul  is  used  of  man  in  Gen.  2',  and  of  various  terrestrial 
and  marine  animals  in  Gen.  I'-iU-'J-t  2'^''  [A.V,  R.V.,  'living  creature'];  so 
also  Lev.  ii'u-Jii  Ez.  47>. 


460  GLOSSARY  I 


'  that  say  of  me,'  but  of  '  me  '  represented  as  keenly  sensible  of 
what  is  said',  11'  25"  ('his  sour=  be  himself,  but  depicting 
him  as  keenly  sensible  of  the  enjoyment  described),  ^°  ss^-'-"  41* 
49"  54'  S?'-'-'  66'"  eg'"-"  72"-'*  86=  88"  94"  97'°  105"'  106'^  log'"-" 
jjgU5.i67.i75  ((.f  Qgn.  12''),  120'-''  121'  i24^-'-'  139"  I42'-'  143"-''; 
of  Jehovah's  soul,  ii»  (cf.  Is.  i'';  also  42'  Jer.  5'  6'  14''). 
Comp.  in  other  books,  Gen.  27''-"-^'-^'  ('  that  my  soul  may  bless 
thee,'  interchanging  with  'that  I  may  bless  thee,'  v.').  Is.  55=-' 
61'°  66',  noticing  how  in  the  last  four  passages  (as  in  Is.  42' 
Jer.  5"  6^  14")  '  soul '  alternates  wiih  the  personal  pronoun  in 
the  parallel  clause.  (c)  Specially  as  the  seat  of  desire,  of 
appetite,  and  even  of  greed: — of  desire  (in  both  a  good  and 
a  bad  sense,  for  spiritual  as  well  as  for  material  enjoyments), 
10'  35'-'  ('Aha,  our  soul!'),  42'-  63'  84'  ii9=°-''i3o^  143" ;  in  the 
expression  to  lift  tip  the  soul  unto,  i.  e.  to  set  the  d:sire  upon,  24^ 
25'  86^''  143"  (cf  Dt.  24'=  '  for  to  it  [his  hire]  he  lifteth  up  his 
soul,'  Hos.  4^  '  and  lift  up  their  soul  to  their  iniquity,'  Jer  22" 
44''  R.V.  marg.);  =  wish,  pleasure,  105"  (cf.  Dt.  23^'  'thou 
mayest  eat  grapes  thy  fill  according  to  thy  sold'  Jer.  34"^  'at 
their  pleasure,'  lit.  according  to  their  soul)  ;  of  appetite  (as 
hungering,  thirsting,  &c.),  42^  (fig.)  63'  (fig.)  78"  io7'-'-'''  (cf. 
Job  33=°)  ;  of  greed,  17'  ('  my  greedy  enemies,'  lit.  'my  enemies 
in  sold'),  2f-  ('  give  me  not  over  unto  the  soul  of  my  enemies  '), 
41=  74'".  Comp.  in  other  books,  for  the  soul  as  the  seat  of 
desire,  Gen.  34'  44'°  2  S.  3-'  Is.  26'-'  Prov.  13'"  21'° ;  of  appetite. 
Num.  11"  Dt.  14=''  Is.  29'^  32"  Mic.  7'  Prov.  23^  ('a  man  given 
to  appetite,'  lit.  'the  possessor  of  souV)  27';  and  oi  greed, 
Ex.  15"  (lit.  'my  soul  shall  be  sated  with  them,'?. ^.  glutted 
with  them),  Is.  56"  {greedy  dogs,  lit.  '  dogs  strong  of  soul'). 

The  lines  of  demarcation  between  these  applications  of 'soul,' 
especially  those  between  (i)  and  (2  b),  and  between  (2  a)  and 
(26),  are  naturally  not  sharply  drawn;  and  there  are  a  few 
cases  in  which  a  passage  cited  here  under  one  head  might  be 
referred  to  another. 

state:  8'  29^  ('majesty'),  45'  90'''  ('majesty'),  no'  145' 
('  splendour '),  '^  149"  ('  honour ')  ;  also  in  majesty  and  state,  see 
majesty. 

still,  to  be,  to  or  towards  {i.  e.  to  be  resigned  to :   in  37' 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  .461 

well  paraphrased  in  A.V.  by  rest  in  :  the  lit.  sense  of  the  word 
will  appear  from  i  S.  14°  (R.V.  'tarry';  A.V.  rnarg.  '  Heb.  be 
star),  Is.  23") :  37'  62^ ;  similarly  stillness,  62'  65'  (otherwise 
22^  '  respite' ;  ^9^  'stillness,'  of  a  literal  silence). 

strength,  my  (of  God)  :  28'  59'  (as  emended),  "62'  118'^ 
(=Ex.  15'=  Is.  12") ;  cf.  81'  ('our  strength').  So  Is.  49' 
Jer.  16''  f. 

stronghold  (fig.  of  God)  :  27' 28' 31=-^  37"  43' 52'.  Sols.  17'° 
('thy  stronghold-rock,'  as  Ps.  31=)  25'-^  27'  (R.V.  'strength'), 
Jer.  16"  Nah.  i'  Joel  3"^  2  S.  22"^ ;  cf.  Prov.  10"  Neh.  8'°.  Not 
elsewhere  in  this  application  :  for  the  lit.  sense,  see  Is.  23^-"-". 

supplication,  to  make  (prop,  to  make  oneself  gracious  to,  the 
reflexive  of  the  verb  rendered  to  be  gracious) :  30^  142'. 

supplication  :   a.  (fhinnah)  &>  55'  119"°  (so  i  K.  S^'-'"  al.) ; 

b.  {tahdiiunim)  28'-''  31'^  T16'  130'  140"  143'  (so  Jer.  3"  ah); 

c.  (tahdnundtli)  86"  (not  elsewhere). 

tell  or  tell  of,  to  (Jehovah,  His  attributes,  or  His  works) : 
2'  9"  22-^-=°  44'  48'^  50'=  66'^  73=^  78^-«  79'^  88"  96'  102^'  107-' 
118"  119"  145°.  Spec,  with  wondrous  works,  9'  26'  40*  75'  (as 
emended),  78'  (so  Jud.  6").  Cf.  Ex.  9"^  ('that  my  name  may 
be  told  of,'  as  Ps.  22"  102''),  lo"  Is.  43"'  ('  they  shall  tell  of  my 
praise,'  as  Ps.  9"). 

terrible  (of  God  :  lit.  to  be  feared,  cognate  with  the  word 
usually  rendered  to  fear)  :  47^  66'-''  68"  76'-'^  89'  96'  99'  in' 
(cf  Dt.  7='  10"  28^') ;  terrible  things,  45^  65=  106^^  145"  (cf. 
Dt.  lo^'  Is.  64'). 

terrible  (of  man:  a  different  word  in  the  Heb.):  37^^54' 
86'''.  The  word  is  used  of  formidable  foreign  foes  in  Is.  13" 
sg'-^"  49":  elsewhere  it  stands  in  parallelism  with  'wicked,* 
and  denotes  the  overbearing  tyrannical  aristocrat,  who 
terrorizes  over  the  helpless,  and  only  too  often  gets  him 
into  his  clutches;  cf.  Jer.  15-'  'and  I  will  ransom  thee  from 
the  grasp  of  the  terrible^  Job  6"  (Did  I  say  .  .  .)  '  Or  ransom 
me  from  the  hand  of  the  terrible' 1  15-°  27''  (in  these  passages 
'  oppressor'  in  R.V.),  Prov.  ii"'.  Comp.  also  the  corresponding 
verb  in  Ps.  10"  ;  and  (of  God)  Is.  2"-='  ('  to  terrify  the  earth'). 

thank,  give  thanks  unto,  to  (viz.  God  :  the  same  Hebrew, 


462  GLOSSARY  I 


meaning  properly  to  own  or  acknowledge  publicly  and  openly)  ; 
€>'  (cf.  30'  88'°  Is.  38")  28^  42^-"  43=  45"  6f  ■'■'•'  75'-'  76"'  79"  89' 
('celebrate'),  92'  io7«-'^-"-^'  119-^=  138'  145"';  His  name,  44'  99^ 
106"  122*  140''  142"  (cf.  30'=  97'')  ;  I  will  give  thee  thanks,  18" 
30"  35"  43'  52'  57'  71''  86'2  108'  ii8^'-2»  119'  138'  139'^  (so 
Is.  12')  ;  /  will  give  thanks  unto  Jehovah,  7"  9'  109'°  iii'  (cf. 
Gen.  29") ;  unto  Jah,  118"  ;  unto  thy  name,  54°  138^  (so  Is.  25') ; 
O  give  thanks  unto  .  .  .,  33^  100*  105'  106'  107'  ii8'-^''  i36'-^-'-'^^ 
(so  Is.  12^  [=  Ps  105']  I  Ch.  ]6'-''  [from  Ps.  105'  106']  2  Ch. 
20^'  Jer.  33").  The  word  is  chiefly  a  liturgical  one  ;  and  occurs 
otherwise  most  frequently  in  the  Chronicles  (as  i  Ch.  i6'-'  23'" 
25'  2  Ch.  5"  7=-«). 

thanksgiving:  26'  42'  50"-"  56'=  69'°  95^  100^  107=^  116" 
147'. 

totter,  to  :  fig.  of  material  calamity,  18"'  (cf.  69"  Job  12')  ; 
of  wavering  morally,  26'  37".     Cf  to  be  moved. 

trap,  usu.  fig.  of  destruction  prepared  for  any  one  (properly 
— see  Am.  3' — a  network  trap  for  birds  laid  on  the  ground, 
which,  when  the  bird  touched  the  bait,  flew  up  and  enclosed 
it)  :  11'  (but  see  the  note),  69='  91'  119"°  i24'-''  140'  141'  142^ 
Cf.  Prov.  7='  ('  as  a  bird  hasteth  to  the  trap '),  Job  18^  ('  the  trap 
shall  take  him  by  the  heel'),  Is.  8"  ('for  a  trap  and  for  a  bait 
to  the  inhabitants  of  Jerusalem'),  Jer.  18"  ('and  hid  traps  for 
my  feet'). 

travail  (i.  e.  labour,  fig.  for  trouble) :  {a)  10"  25"  73''"  90'* 
107'-;  (b)  when  represented  as  devised  for  others,  rendered 
for  clearness  mischief,  7"-"'  10'  55'°  94-°  140^  With  a,  comp. 
Gen.  41^'  (A.V.,  R.V.  'my  toil'),  Jud.  10'"  (A.V.,  R.V. 
'misery'),  Job  3'°  (R.V.  'trouble').  Is.  53"  ('travail'),  Jer.  20" 
('labour'),  Prov.  31'  ('misery');  with  6,  Prov.  24^  ('mis- 
chief'), Job  15^^  Is.  59^  (in  both  'conceive  mischief,'  as 
Ps.  7"). — In  'a  woman  in  travail'  the  Heb.  is  diff"erent,  and 
means  simply  'a  parturient  woman.' 

trouble  [zdrdh,  properly  narrowness,  straits  [Lat.  angustiae'\, 
sometimes  in   the  English  versions   rendered  distress*,  also, 

*  As  Gen.  35'5  4221. 


WORDS   AND    PHRASES  463 

though  less  frequently,  hihulation*,  adversity %,  affliction^): 
(a)  22"  25"-"  31'  34"-"  37^'  46'  54^  71=°  78'"  81'  91''  116^  120'  138' 
142'  143"  ;  the  day  of  trouble,  20'  50''  77-  86'.  (6)  {zar),  in 
straits,  in  distress,  trouble,  in  their  trouble,  4'  18"  66"  106" 
jQ^6.i3.i9.28  ugi«^  .  I  am  in  distress\\,  31'  69"  ;  in  the  day  of  my 
distress,  59''  102^  Cf.  straits  ',Heb.  tnezar')  i\&  118'  Lam.  il 
The  last- cited  expression  is  rendered  be  in  a  strait  in  i  S.  13' 
2  S.  24"  (A.V.  and  R.V.)  ;  and  that  the  idea  of  narroivness, 
straits  must  have  been  felt  to  be  expressed  by  the  word  is 
shown  both  by  the  manner  in  which  it  is  contrasted  with  give 
room  to,  broaden,  enlarge,  in  Ps.  4'  25",  and  by  its  use  in 
passages  such  as  2  K.  6'  ('the  place  is  too  narrow  for  us  '). 

trust,  to  (in  Jehovah)  :  9'°  21'  22*-''-'-'  28'  si"-'^  32'"  40'  55'' 
56'  84''  86'  91'  112'  125';  in  His  kindness,  13'  52';  in  His 
name,  33'' ;  in  His  salvation,  78='  ;  in  His  word,  119*'' ;  in  thee 
do  I  trust,  25=  143" ;  in  Jehovah  {God)  do  I  trust,  26'  56'-"  ;  trust 
(imper.),  4^  37'-^  62' ii5»-'°-". 

trust  (=  object  of  trust,  of  Jehovah)  :  40^  65'  71°. 

truth  (God's)  :  19'  25=  30'  31'  43'  54=  1^"  86"  91^  iii 
J.  jg43.H2. 151.160  J22"  146";  combined  with  kindness  (q.  v.),  25 
26'  (as  a  model  for  man  to  imitate),  4o'"'-"  57'-''  (=  108')  61'  69" 
86'=  89"  115'  117'  138'.  As  a  human  virtue,  15'  45'  51°  85'° 
(*  kindness  and  truth '—as  reflexions  of  the  same  qualities  in 
God),  "  145".    Cf.  faithfulness  (which  is  cognate  in  the  Heb.). 

try,  to  (i.  e.  to  test,  prove,  Gen.  42''-'"^ ;  of  gold,  Zech.  13')  : 
(i)  of  God  :  {a)  as  testing  by  His  all-seeing  scrutiny  the 
thoughts  and  character  of  man,  7'  11'  if  26'  139^' ;  with  the 
collateral  idea  of  approving,  11'' ;  (6)  as  proving  man's  faith  or 
obedience  by  discipline,  66"  81'.  (2)  of  man  testing  or  proving 
God,  95'.  With  I  a,  comp.  Jer.  6"  i  r"  12^  =  20'')  17'°  Prov.  17' 
Job  7"' ;  with  I  b,  Jer.  9'  Job  23'°  Zech.  13' ;  with  2,  Mai.  3'°-". 
Comp.  prove  and  smelt. 

*  I  S.  2624 ;  Jud.  lo"  A.V.  (R.V.  distress) ;  i  S.  lo"  A.V.  (R.V.  dis- 

}  As  2  S.  49.  §  As  Is.  639  Jer.  is"  i6^'\ 

*\  In  the  last  five  passages,  distress  is  needed  for  a  synonym  in  the 

same  verse. 
II  Cf.  Jud.  215  and  10''  ('  was  distressed  ')  2  S.  i'^"*  ('  I  am  distressed  for 

thee,  my  brother  Jonathan '). 


7,8 
10 


464  GLOSSARY  I 


turn  back,  to  (in  flight  or  disgrace) :  6"  9'  56"  70'  74^'. 

tuxn  back  (or  return),  to  (viz.  to  God):  22-'  51"  78"; 
cf.  f\ 

unreality  (the  idea  of  the  word  is  what  is  groundless  or 
unsubstantial :  hence,  according  to  the  context,  it  may  denote 
what  is  materially  unsubstan';ial,  i.  e.  unreal  or  vain ;  what  is 
morally  unsubstantial,  or  frivolous  ;  or  what  is  morally  ground- 
less, i.  e.  false  or  insincere :  and  the  rendering  varies  accord- 
ingly) :  xz"  24^  26^  31^  41"  60"  (=  108'=)  89"  119"  i27'-'-^  1392" 
144'-".  Comp.  in  other  books,  Ex.  23'  '  thou  shalt  not  take  up 
a  groundless  report' ;  Job  15"  '  Let  him  not  trust  in  unreality 
{i.  e.  frivolity,  worldliness)  ;  for  unreal  (disappointing,  illusory) 
will  be  his  recompense '  ;  Is.  5"  '  who  draw  iniquity  with  cords 
of  unreality,'  i.e.  attach  themselves  to  it  by  worthless  motives 
and  considerations;  Jer.  18'^  'they  have  burned  incense  unto 
unreality'  i.e.  to  false  gods.  It  is  the  word  used  in  the  Third 
Commandment,  properly  'Thou  shalt  not  take  up  the  name  of 
Jehovah  thy  God  for  unreality,'  i.e.  make  use  of  it  for  any  false 
or  frivolous  object  (cf.  Ps.  24^). 

upon  :  in  '  my  soul  {or my  spirit)  upon  me,'  42^-^'^-"  43'  131^ 
142'  143^  is  a  Heb.  idiom,  which  imparts  pathos  to  the  expres- 
sion of  an  emotion  by  emphasizing  the  person  himself  who 
is  its  subject,  and  who,  as  it  were,  is  sensible  of  it  as  acting 
upon  him:  so  Jer.  8"  'my  heart  upon  me  is  sick,'  Hos.  11' 
Jon.  2'  I  S.  17"  25^"  Job  30"^  Lam.  3"°  (in  all  these  passages 
'  within,'  R.V.,  should  be  upon)  ;  cf.  Neh.  5'  Heb. 

upright,  the  :  11'  33'  37"  49"  107"  iii'  112"-^  140"  ;  upright 
of  heart,  f  11^  32"  36'»  64'°  94'^  97"  125* ;  upright  ofzvay,  37"; 
of  Jehovah,  25-  92'  ;  of  His  laws,  19'  119'";  His  word,  33^ 
{Straight,  straightforward,  is  the  idea  of  the  Heb.  word.) 

uprightness  :  25-' ;  uprightness  of  heart,  119'  (cf.  Deut.  9'); 
of  the  works  of  God,  11 1\  Comp.  equity  (which  in  the  Heb. 
is  cognate). 

vanity  (properly,  a  breath  or  vapour — see  Is.  57'' — and 
sometimes  so  rendered)  :  31'  39'^-^-"  62'-'  78"  94"  144^  So  in 
'  vanity  of  vanities,'  Eccl.  i^,  &c. 

wait  for  Jehovah,  to  (properly,  as  Syr.  shews  — see  Acts  20' 


WORDS   AND   PHRASES  465 

in  the  Syriac  version — to  remain,  abide  for  :  sometimes,  in 
accordance  with  the  metaphor  more  familiar  in  English, 
rendered  look  for,  as  Job  3"  'let  it  look  for  light,  but  have 
none,'  Ps.  69="  Is.  59'  Jer.  14")  :  ss'-'  27'^-"  37"  39'  40'  56^ 
i3o''* ;  for  His  name,  52'  (but  see  the  note) ;  those  that  wait  for 
Jehovah,  37'  (so  Is.  40'')  ;  for  thee,  25"  69''  [zi.  for  n-te,  Is.  49^^ ; 
for  him,  Lam.  3'').  Comp.  elsewhere,  Gen.  49"*Hos.  12''  Is.  8" 
('  look  '),  25'-*  26'  33^  51°  60'  Jer.  14"  Prov.  20"  ;  also  (in  a 
hostile  sense)  Ps.  56°  119".  Cf.  to  hope.  The  cognate  subst. 
is  expectation,  9'*  62''  71^ 

watching  foes,  my  (lit.  my  watchers  or  observers;  cf.  Jer.  5'^ 
Hos.  13')  :  5'  27"  54^  56^  59'°  92"  \.  An  expression  peculiar 
to  the  Psalms. 

wonders  (God's)  :  77"-'^  78'=  BS"'-'^  89' ;  also  (in  the  Heb.) 
119'".  A  much  rarer  expression  than  'wondrous  things,' 
and  one  hardly  found  except  in  poetry.     Cf.  Ex.  15"  Is.  25'. 

wondrous  things  or  works  (God's)  :  9'  26'  40^  71"  72"  75' 
78'-"-"  86'° 96' 98'  io5=-''  io6'-"  xof  •''•"■'''•''  iii'  ii9"'-"i36'  139'^ 
145^     So  Ex.  3"°  34'°  Jud.  6'^,  and  elsewhere. 

(i)  work  (of  God  :  ma'dseh)  :  (a)  of  parts  of  the  physical 
universe,  103^^  io4'^-^^-"  139'^  i45°''° ;  (6)  in  providence,  33''  64' 
(the  downfall  of  the  wicked),  66^  86^  92'  (see  v.')  106"  107"^-^^ 
(see  v.-*^-'")  II  r-'  118"  143'  145*-"  (so  Is.  5").  Work  of  hands  : 
(i)  of  God's  hands,  (a)  of  parts  of  the  physical  universe,  8* 
('of  thy  fingers')  "  19'  102"  138^  (of  man,  as  Job  14'^)  ;  {b)  in 
providence,  28^^  (rendered  here  '  operafion,'  on  account  of 
'  work'  being  required  for  a  synonym  in  the  parallel  clause) 
92*''  III'  (so  Is.  5'^).  (2)  of  men's  hands  :  (in  a  moral  sense) 
28'' ;  (=  enterprise,  as  Dt.  2',  and  elsewhere)  90"-";  (of  idols, 
as  2  Ki.  19"  al.)  115*  135". 

(2)  work,  of  God's  work  in  providence,  whether  of  deliver- 
ance or  judgement  {po'al,  a  syn.  of  ma'dseh,  but  confined 
almost  entirely  to  poetry)  :  44'  64"  77'^  90'°  92'"  95'  iii'  143' 
(cf  Dt.  32'  Is.  5'^  Hab.  r'  3=  Job  36=^  ;  {p'-'nllah)  zQ' ;  (a  third 
form,  not  found  elsewhere)  46'  66'. 


Hh 


GLOSSARY   11 

SELECT  LIST  OF  ARCHAISMS  OCCURRING  IN  THE 
PRAYER-BOOK  VERSION  OF  THE   PSALMS  * 


abide,  to  :  io6",  to  wait  for,  await ;  so  in  to  abide  patiently, 
37'-"  71'"  (in  37'  alide  upon  in  the  sense  of  wait  upoii).  Cf. 
Acts  20-^  A. v.,  R.V.,  'saying  that  bonds  and  afflictions 
abide  me.' 

abiding,  the  patient :  9",  the  patient  waiting  (Heb.  the 
expectation).  So  in  Coverdale's  version  Prov.  lo^'  '  the  pacieiit 
abydinge  of  the  rightuous,  23'^  (A.V.,  R.V.,  hope). 

abject:  35",  outcast,  degraded.  Shakesp.,  Richard  III. 
i.  I.  106  '  We  are  the  queen's  abjeds,  and  must  obey.' 

after:  i8=°-''  s8=  51'  90"  94'  103'"  105"  ii9''.«5.''.>«6^  and  in 
thereafter  90"  in'",  according  to,  in  proportion  to.  Cf.  in 
A.V.  Gen.  i^°  Is.  11'  &c. ;  and  in  the  Litany,  '  Deal  not  with 
us  after  our  sins,'  and  '  diligently  to  live  after  thy  command- 
ments.' In  90'^  almost  inevitably  misunderstood  in  the 
temporal  sense. 

*  In  the  preparation  of  this  list  of  archaisms,  I  have  been  especially 
indebted  to  Prof.  Skeat's  Ety»iologtcal  Dictionary  of  the  English  Lan- 
guage, and  to  Mr.  Aldis  Wright's  invaluable  Bible  Word-Book  '2nd  ed  , 
1884 >,  to  which  the  reader  is  referred  for  further  illustrations  of  the  words 
cited.  The  archaisms  of  the  A.V.  (and  often  of  P.  B.  Psalter  as  well)  are 
likewise  treated  verj'  fully  in  Hastings'  Dictionary  of  the  Bible  (Edin- 
burgh, i8g8  ff.).  Schmidt's  elaborate  Shakespeare  Lexicon  also  often 
aftbrds  interesting  illustrations  of  them.  There  is  a  Concordance  to  the 
P.  B.  Psalter  published  by  the  S.P.C.K. 


ARCHAISMS  467 

again:  18"  68=^-"  78"  8o'-'-"-"  85^-'  9o"'..3  ^^15  1049.29  ^gT 
126'-'  146',  without  any  idea  of  repetition,  where  we  should 
say  back ;  esp.  in  to  bring  again,  and  turn  again.  So  often 
in  A. v.,  as  Jer.  16"  '  I  will  bring  them  again  to  the  land,'  &c., 
Jud.  3'"  'But  he  himself  turned  again  [R.V.  back]  from  the 
quarries,'  &c. ;  and  in  Shakesp.,  as  '  To  bring  again  these 
foolish  runaways,'  As  You  Like  It,  ii.  2.  21. 

allow,  to:  11°,  to  praise,  approve  (O.  Fr.  aloiter,  Lat. 
allaudare ;  a  different  word  from  allow  =  grant,  O.  Fr.  alouer, 
Lat.  allocare).  So  Ps.  i'  in  Coverdale's  version  (for  'knoweth '); 
and  in  A.V.,  Luke  11"  (R  V.  consent  unto),  Rom.  f\KN. 
know),  I  Th.  2^  (R.V.  approve). 

amiable  (of  things)  :  84',  loveable.  Shakesp.,  M.  N.  D.  iv. 
1.2'  While  I  thy  amiable  cheeks  do  coy.' 

at  :  129^^  'to  have  evil  will  at  Zion '  (so  Cant,  i^  Cov.),  of 
the  object  of  an  emotion,  on  the  analogy  of  '  rejoice  at,'  '  be 
envious  at ' ;  cf.  78'°. 

blaspheme,  to  (with  a  human  object) :  4^,  to  defame, 
slander  (like  l3\aa<pT]fxfii',  Rom.  14"^  &c.)  :  so  blasphemies,  31" 
(cf.  Mt.  15";  R.V.  railings);  blasphemer,  119". 

body:  53',  person.  So  often  in  Coverdale,  as  Ps.  14', 
Prov.  15^° '  an  undiscrete  body,'  16-'  20^  21'^°. 

brass  :  107'^  copper.  So  Dt.  8'.  '  In  the  language  of  the 
i6th  cent.  "  brass  "  did  not  denote  the  alloy  of  copper  and 
zinc,  which  is  now  known  by  that  name,  but  pure  copper ' 
(W.  A.  Wright,  who  cites  a  chapter  from  Holland's  Pliny,  1601, 
headed  '  Mines  of  Brass '), 

brawn:  119'°,  the  flesh  of  the  boar. 

buckler  :  18'  35"  91^  a  shield  with  a  boss  or  knob  (Fr. 
bouclier,  from  boucle,  knob).     Much  Ado,  v.  2.  17. 

but :  19%  without,  except.  *  There  is  neither  speech  nor 
language,  but  their  voices  are  heard  among  them,'  i  e.  in  ivhich 
their  voices  are  not  heard.  Luther,  A.  V  ,  and  many  old  authori- 
ties understood  the  verse  in  the  same  way.  The  use  of  but  is 
exactly  similar  to  that  in  139'  'There  is  not  a  word  in  my 
tongue,  but  thou,  O  Lord,  knowest  it  altogether ' ;  and  it  occurs 
often  in  Shakesp.,  as  R.  and  J.  v.  3.  6  '  So  shall  no  foot  upon 

H  h  2 


468 


GLOSSARY  II 


the  churchyard  tread,  But  thou  shalt  hear  it ' ;  Com.  of  Err.  iv. 
3.  I  '  There's  not  a  man  I  meet,  but  doth  salute  me.*  Cf.  in 
A, v.,  R.V.,  Am.  3'. 


cast  me  in  the  teeth :  42'^,  taunt  me. 


Tob.  2'''  Coverdale, 
'With  these  and  soch  like  wordes  dyd  she  cast  him  in  the 
tethe:     Cf.  Jul  Caes.  iv.  3.  99  ;   Mt.  27"  A.V.  (as  Gov.). 

certify,  to  :  19"  39',  to  assure,  inform — hardly  in  as 
technical  a  sense  as  the  word  possesses  now.  Cf.  Job  12**  Cov. 
(A.V.  declare) ;  in  A.V.  2  S.  15^-'  (Heb.  declare),  Est.  2='  (R.V. 
told).  Gal.  i"  (R.V.  make  known  to  you ;  Gk.  irpoyvupi^w)  ; 
I  Hen.  VI,  iv.  i.  144. 

clierubins  :  i8'°  80'  99'.  Cherubi«  is  here  a  sing,  form, 
obtained  through  the  Fr.  chcrubin,  Ital.  cheruhino.  So  often  in 
Old  Engl.,  as  Wycliffe  Ex.  25"-'^  'two  cherubyns '  and  'o 
[one]  cherubyn  '  ;  Tempest, \.  2.  153  *  O,  a  cherubinTh.o\x  wast, 
that  did  preserve  me' ;  Othello,  iv.  2.  63. 

climb  up  :  132'  139'  [so  Is.  14"-'^  Am.  9'  Cov.].  *  For  this 
picturesque  rendering  the  A.V.  has  literally  "  go  up,"  the 
original  having  nothing  of  the  idea  of  effort  which  is  sug- 
gested by  "  climb."  Cf.  Tit.  Andron.  i.  i.  327  "  Or  climb  my 
palace  "  '  (W.  A.  Wright). 

coasts  :  105",  borders,  not,  as  now,  confined  to  the  side  of 
the  sea  (Lat.  costa,  a  rib,  side,  through  O.  Fr.  coste).  Often  in 
A.V.  ;  and  sometimes,  in  consequence  of  this  change  of 
meaning,  geographically  misleading.  Cf.  Ex.  10''  Dt.  11^^  16^ 
19',  Mt.  2'*  *  in  Bethlehem,  and  in  all  the  coasts  thereof  (R.V. 
in  all,  border),  15-'  'the  coasts  [R.V.  parts]  of  Tyre  and 
Sidon,' Acts  19';  see  Lightfoot,  Fresh  Revision  of  N.T.  p.  174. 

comfort,  to  :  27'"  41'  119",  to  support,  strengthen  (late  Lat. 
confortare,  in  its  more  primary  sense).  So  in  A.V.,  R.V., 
Gen.  18'  Jud.  I9^■^  where  the  Heb.  word  (properly  to  suppori') 
is  the  same  as  that  which  is  used  in  Ps.  41',  as  also  in 
Ps.  104'^  (where  it  is  rendered  strengthen)  ;  and  Job  9"  10-° 
(see  the  writer's  note  on  Am.  5'  in  the  Cambridge  Bible  for 
Schools).  Comp.  Is.  41'  Wycliffe,  'and  he  comfortide  hym 
[the  image]  with  nails,  that  it  shulde  not  be  moved '  ;  Bacon, 
Adv.  of  L.  I.  i.  3  'except   it  [water]  be   collected  in    some 


ARCHAISMS  469 


receptacle,  where  it  may  by  union  comfort  and  sustain  itself  ; 
Cov.  Is.  35'  (A.V.  confirm),  Job  4^  (A.V.  strengthen),  2  S.  11" 
(A.V.  encourage  ;  lit.  strejigthen). 

commune,  to  :  4'  64'  77",  to  converse  together,  confer  ;  so 
communing  35=°.  Cf.  Mea.  for  Mca.  iv.  3.  108  '  For  I  would 
.  commune  with  you  of  such  things  That  want  no  ear  but  yours.' 
In  A. v.,  R.V.,  an  artificial  distinction  is  sometimes  unfortu- 
nately and  needlessly  created,  by  this  word  being  used  for  the 
ordinary  Heb.  word,  signifying  to  speak:  see  e.g.  Gen.  18" 
23'  34"  Ex.  25"  31'^  I  S.  9"  19'  I  Ki.  ID-  2  Ki.  22"  &c.— in  all 
the  meaning  being  simply  '  to  speak.' 

consent  unto  :  50'',  not  merely  to  assent,  but  to  assent  with 
satisfaction  and  approval.  Cf.  Acts  8'  'And  Saul  was  con- 
senting unto  his  death'  {tjv  ffweuSoKw/')  ;  i  Hen.  VI,  i.  i.  5; 
5-  34- 

contrary  part :  109',  the  opposite  side.  So  Tit.  2',  and 
More's  Utopia  (ed.  Lumby),  p.  131.  For  the  possessive  pron. 
my  with  an  objective  force,  Wright  quotes  Com.  of  Errors,  i.  i. 
15  'our  adverse  towns'  {i.e.  the  towns  adverse  to  us),  and 
(p.  412)  Florio's  Montaigne  (1603),  p.  212  'He  was  of  our 
contrary  faction.'  Cf.  Job  31='  Cov.  'and  let  him  that  is  my 
contrary  party,  sue  me  with  a  lybell.' 

conversation :  37'''  50'^,  conduct,  behaviour.  So  in  A.V., 
as  2  Cor.  i'^  Gal.  i'^  Eph.  2'  4"  Heb.  13'  al.  (all  changed  in 
R.V.  From  Lat.  conversatio,  as  translation  of  the  Greek 
avaarpotp-l^  in  N.T.). 

cony:  104",  a  rabbit  (Old  Engl,  cunig,  conyng,  Dutch 
konijn,  Germ,  kaninchen).  '  They  will  out  of  their  burrows,  like 
conies  after  rain,'  Shakesp.,  Cor.  iv.  5.  226.  On  the  animal  really 
meant,  see  the  note  ad  loc. 

cunning  :  137',  simply  knowledge,  skill  (from  A.S.  cunnan, 
to  know.  Germ,  kenneti).  Othello,  iii.  3.  49  '  That  errs  in 
ignorance,  and  not  in  cunning.'  So  the  adj.  cunning  =  skilful, 
often  in  A.V.,  as  i  S.  16". 

curiously  wrought:  139".  'Curious'  means  properly 
'wrought  with  care  and  art'  (Lat.  curiosus)  ;  hence  applied  to 
objects  of  elaborate   workmanship,   as  Ex.  28^  the  '  curious 


470  GLOSSARY  II 


girdle  '  of  the  ephod,  35"  '  curious  works.'  So  3  Hen.  VI,  ii.  5. 
53  '  His  body  couched  in  a  curious  bed ' ;  Cymb.  v.  5.  361  '  In 
a  most  cuiioits  mantle.' 

decay:  106'°,  fall,  ruin  (O.  Fr.  dccair,  from  Lat.  dc  and 
cadere).  The  Heb.  is  lit.  a  bait,  fig.  for  occasion  of  ruin.  Cov. 
uses  the  same  word,  for  the  same  Heb.,  in  Ex.  23^'  '  For 
yf  thou  serve  their  goddes,  it  wil  surely  be  thy  decayc,'  Dt.  7'° 
'  for  that  shalbe  thy  dccaye ' ;  cf.  Is.  3'  (Heb.  stumble)  ; 
Spenser,  F.  Q.  I.  vi.  48. 

despitefully,  31"°,  despitefulness,  123^  Despite  (O.  Fr. 
despit,  from  Lat.  despicerc)  means  malicious  contetnpt  or  con- 
tumely ;  hence  Heb.  10"'  '  do  despite  to  '  stands  for  hvppl^aj, 
Mt.  5"  '  use  despitefully'  for  k-mjpia^o},  and  Wisd.  2"  'despite- 
fulness '  for  v&pis. 

discover,  to  :  18'',  to  uncover,  29'  to  lay  bare,  strip.  With 
t8",  comp.  Mic.  i'  (A.V.,  R.V.),  'I  will  discover  the  founda- 
tions thereof  ;  and  Merch.  of  V.  ii.  7.  i  '  Go,  draw  aside  the 
curtains,  and  discover  The  several  caskets  to  this  noble  prince  ' ; 
and  with  29'  Grindal,  Art.  of  Enquiry,  1576,  No.  50  (quoted 
by  W.  A.  Wright),  'whether  any  man  hath  pulled  down, 
or  discovered  any  church,  chancel,  or  chapel,  or  any  part 
of  them.' 

endue,  to :  138',  to  endow  (^O.  Fr.  endoer,  late  Lat. 
indotare). 

ensue,  to  (verb  trans.) :  34",  to  follow  after  (Fr.  ensuivre, 
Lat.  inscqui).  So  i  Pet.  3"  (a  quotation  from  Ps.  34")-  Cf. 
Rich.  II,  ii.  I.  197  '  Let  not  to-morrow  then  ensue  to-day.' 

estate  :  22'^  state,  condition  (O.  Fr.  estat,  Mod.  Fr.  ctat ;  Lat. 
status).     So  Ez.  16"  Luke  i"  al. 

excellent :  8'-"  36'  74"  87-  136'  139^  148"  150%  pre-eminent, 
surpassing,  '  excelling '  (Lat.  excello,  to  rise  up  out  of,  to 
surpass).  The  word  has  now  lost  the  distinctive  sense  of 
superiority,  which  it  once  possessed.  Cf.  Dan.  2"  5'°-'* 
( =  surpassing),  Is.  28-'  '  excellent  in  wisdom '  (Heb.  maketh 
wisdom  great],  i  Cor.  12"  (so  Wycliffe)  'a  more  excellent  way  ' 
(t^i'  Kad'  vrreplSoXrjv  uSov),  2  Pet.  i'"  'from  the  excellent  glory' 
(i/TTo  T^f  ntyaKowpenovs  Su^rjs)  ;  Blundeville,  Exercises,  fol.  156  a 


ARCHAISMS  47  T 


(ed.  1594),  stars  are  not  seen  by  day.  'because  they  are 
darkened  by  the  excellent  brightness  of  the  sun  '  (quoted  by 
Wright);  Is.  57'' Gov.  'the  high  and  excellent'  (A.V.  lofty). 
The  loss  of  meaning  which  this  word  has  sustained  is  much  to 
be  regretted.  Could  it  be  pronounced  excellent  instead  of 
excellent,  its  true  force  might  to  some  extent  be  recovered ;  for 
the  connexion  with  excel  would  then  be  more  apparent. 

extinct:  118",  extinguished.  So  Is.  43"  A.V. ;  'My  oil- 
dried  lamp,  and  time-bewasted  light,  Shall  be  extinct  with  age 
and  endless  night,  Rich.  II,  i.  3.  221  f. 

fain  :  71"  glad,  34"  gladly  (A.S.  fcegn,  fcegen,  glad).  '  And  of 
another  thing  they  were  as  fayn,  That  of  hem  (them)  alle  was 
ther  noon  y-slayn,'  Chaucer,  Knighfs  Tale,  2709  (1849).  Cf. 
to  be  fain  to  in  Gov.  Am.  5"  Mic.  3'. 

flood:  24^  72'  89'^  93*  98'  107'',  a  river,  or  stream,  not,  as 
now,  confined  to  an  overflow.  So  often  in  A.  V.,  where  the 
original  has  simply  '  river,'  as  Jos.  24'.'  Ps.  66'  Rev.  12'=-'' 
(iTOTanus;  R.V.  river). 

for  why?  16"  105*'  135^  In  Old  English /or  why  is  used 
as  a  conj.  (without  any  note  of  interrogation  following) :  so, 
for  instance,  repeatedly  in  Purvey's  revision  of  Wycliffe's 
version,  as  Gen.  3'  '/or  whi  God  knoweth,'  &c.,  Ps.  5'° 
18  (19)''  30  (31)"  76  (77)"  80  1,81  )^  Mt.  8''  '  For  wht  I  am  a  man 
ordeyned  under  power/  &c.,  Rom.  11''  I4'*-'-''  &c.  ;  Taming 
of  the  Shreiv,  iii.  2.  169  '  Trembled  and  shook,  for  why  he 
stamped  and  swore,'  Two  Gentlemen,  iii.  1.  99  :  but  in  view  of 
the  fact  (i)  that  the  note  of  interrogation  is  so  printed  in  the 
Great  Bible  itself,  and  (2)  that  a  somewhat  similar  pleonasm 
and  why  ?  occurs  in  Ps.  21' 35-°  59^^69' 73' 75' 102'^  116"  119"'*, 
it  is  probable  that /or  ivhy  ?  is  to  be  understood  in  the  three 
passages  quoted  as  it  would  be  understood  now  %. 

fret,  to  :  39'",  to  eat  away  (A.  S.  fretan,  contr.  from  for- 
etan ;    Germ,  fressen,    contr.    from    ver-esscn).     Chaucer,    The 


*  So  in  the  same  passages  in  Coverdale's  version  (and  elsewhere,  as 
Hos.  4I  io">  i.s"'  Mic.  7  >*  &c.). 

X  Coverdale  h&s  for  why  ?  in  16I'  (so  Hos.  i9  5"  10"  Lam.  ii")  ;  but  in 
JO.i'i  135'  (so  Jer.  20"^  Am.  2'  6  -  Mic.  ■;■>  al.)  for  why,  followed  by  a 
comma. 


472  GLOSSARY  II 


Monkes  Tale,  3294  f.  '  He  slow  the  cruel  tyrant  Busirus,  And 
made  his  hors  to  fret e  him,  flesch  and  boon.' 

froward :  18-°  58'  64^  loi'*,  perverse,  contrary,  the  opp. 
of  to-wai'd,  '  properly  a  Northern  form  oi  froinward,  due  to  the 
substitution  of  Scand.  Engl. /ro  for  the  A.  'S.  from''  (Skeatl  : 
cf.  in  to  and  fro.  So  frowardly,  44" ;  frowardness,  i8-^ 
Froward  and  frowardness  occur  frequently  in  A.V.,  usually  for 
Heb.  words  signifying  crooked,  crookedness,  e.  g.  Dt.  32'° 
Job  5"  Prov.  z''-''  3''  4"  ;  cf.  i  Pet.  2"  for  okoXios.  In  Is.  57" 
frowardly  stands  for  a  Heb.  word  signifying  turning  back  (or 
away).  See  Taming  of  the  Shrew,  iv.  5.  78f. ;  v.2. 119,  157, 182  f. 

go  about,  to:  38'^  56'  119",  to  attempt,  seek.  Cf.  in  Cov. 
Mt.  21"  '  And  they  went  about  [Gk.  sought]  to  take  him,' 
Ps-  37"  John  10'',  and  elsewhere ;  Bacon,  Essay  on  the 
Colours  of  Good  and  Evil,  line  i  ;  Hooker,  Eccles.  Polity,  line  i; 
in  A.V.,  John  7''-=''  Acts  21"  Rom.  10'  (as  transl.  of  the 
Greek  ^y]Tuv,  to  seek\  Acts  9''  24'  26".  Comp.  Dt.  31^' 
(A.V.,  R.V.). 

grave,  to  :  7",  to  dig  (A.  S.  grafan  ;  Germ,  graben).  *  And 
next  the  shrine  a  pit  then  doth  she  grave,'  Chaucer,  Legend  of 
Good  Women,  204  ;  Is.  37''  Cov.  (A.V.  dig). 

grin,  to  :  59'-",  to  snarl.  '  Small  curs  are  not  regarded 
when  ihey  grin,  But  great  men  tremble  when  the  lion  roars,' 
Shakesp.,  2  Hen.  VI,  iii.  i.  18. 

grudge,  to  :  sg'",  to  grumble,  murmur  (Low  "L^t.  groussare, 
to  murmur;  O.  Fr.  grocer,  groucer,  groucher,  to  murmur;  Middle 
Engl,  grochen).  Luke  15'  Wycliffe,  'And  the  Farisees  and 
scribis  griitchiden,  seiynge,'  i  Cor.  10'°  al.  ;  Ps.  2'  Coverdale, 
'Why  do  the  heathen  grudge]'  Jas.  5'  A.V.  (for  anva^eiv)  ; 
'  In  this  I  might  murmur  and  grudge  against  God,'  Latimer. 
The  modern  sense  of  the  word,  to  be  envious,  is  a  development 
of  the  older  meaning.     Cf  grudging,  i  Pet.  4'  for  yoyyvafios. 

hand,  to  be  in  :  56^0  be  busy,  engaged  (with).  '  But  I  am 
not  now  in  hand  with  censures,  but  with  omissions,'  Bacon, 
Adv.  of  L.  II.  3-  §  i;  cf.  1.3-  §  I- 

harnessed:  78°,  equipped,  armed.  Applied  formerly  to  men, 
and  not  only,  as  now,  to  animals.  So  Ex.  13"  A.V.  ;  Num.  31' 
32"'-2'-"  al.  Cov.     Cf  harness,  i  Ki.  20"  22"  2  Ch.  g'-\  A.V. 


ARCHAISMS  473 

hastily  :  55'^  quickly,  not  hurriedly  (as  in  modern  usage). 
So  Gen.  41'^  Jud.  2",  John  11^'  (R.V.  quickly). 

havock:  74',  ruin,  waste,  destruction.  Nine  times  in 
Shakesp.  :  e.  g.  Jul.  Cacs.  iii.  i.  273  '  Cry  "  Havoc !  "  and  lot 
slip  the  dogs  of  war.' 

health  :  22' 51"  62' 67^  ^^8'=  ii9'"-'==-""'-"'  132"  140',  welfare, 
salvation  (A.  S.  hild,  Germ.  Heil,  salvation,  connected  with 
Engl,  heal,  hail!  hale,  whole  [see  wholesome]).  The  orig. 
meaning  of  the  word  is  whole-ness,  sound-ness;  but  this  in 
modem  Engl,  has  come  to  be  limited  to  soundness  of  body, 
whereas  'health'  in  P.B.V.  is  used  in  the  wider  sense  of 
material  and  spiritual  '  whole-ness/  which  we  should  express 
now  by  welfare  or  salvation  (see  this  word  in  the  preceding 
Glossary).  Coverdale  has  it  frequently  ;  as  Is.  51"  '  But  my 
health  endureth  for  ever,'  52'  sg''  '  the  helmet  of  health '  for 
'  the  helmet  of  salvation  ' ;  and  Wycliffe  uses  it  regularly, 
where  A.V.  has  salvation.  '  Saving  health  '  (Ps.  67=)  occurs 
also  in  Is.  51'  52'°  56'  Gov.  A.  S.  Haland,  properly  'healer,' 
and  Germ.  Heiland,  both  mean  'Saviour.'  'Health'  occurs 
in  P.B.V.  of  bodily  wholeness  only  in  38',  and  (incorrectly)  41''. 
Cf.  in  A.V.  Acts  27^'  (R.V.  safety ;  Gk.  awTxjpia). 

hell  :  9"  16"  18^  30'  49"-"  55"  86"  88^  89"  116'  139',  the 
abode  of  the  dead  (A.S.  hel,  helle,  Dutch  hcl,  Germ.  Holle  ; 
from  A.S.  helan,  Germ,  hehlen,  to  hide;  and  thus  denoting 
properly  the  hidden  or  tinscen  place).  In  49"  '  the  hell,'  as  in 
Coverdale,  both  here  and  several  times  besides,  as  Ps.  &  31" 
Job  14"  24"  26'  Am.  9^     Comp.  Glossary  I,  under  '  SheoL' 

hindrance  :  15',  'not  merely  interruption,  but  disadvantage,' 
from  to  hinder,  properly  to  put  behind, 

hold  of,  to  :  31',  to  have  to  do  with,  cling  to.  Cf  Is.  51' 
Cov.  '  Hcrken  unto  me,  ye  that  holde  of  rightuousness ' ; 
Wisd.  2"  A.V.  '  they  that  do  hold  o/his  side.' 

indite,  to  :  45',  properly  to  dictate,  then  to  write  from  dicta- 
tion, then  more  gen.  to  compose  (O.  Fn  endicter ;  Low  Lat. 
tndicfare).  '  He  coude  songes  make  and  wel  endite'  Chaucer, 
Prologue,  95  ;  '  This  storie  which  with  hy  [high]  style  he 
endytelh,'  Gierke  s  Talc,  1148. 


474  GLOSSARY  II 


inform,  to  :  32'  105",  to  infuse  with  knowledge,  instruct 
fully  (more  than  merely  to  apprise^  which  is  the  modern  sense 
of  the  word).  So  often  in  Bacon,  Adv.  of  L.,  as  II.  vi.  i, 
natural  theology  '  sufEceth  to  convince  [convict]  atheism,  but 
not  to  inform  religion.'  Cov.  uses  it  for  Ka.Tr]\k(ii,  Luke  i* 
Acts  18-^  sr'-'-*  Rom.  2"  i  Cor.  14'^ 

instantly  :  55"  urgently  (Lat.  instarc,  to  press  on).  Cf. 
Luke  7:"  A.V.  (for  anov^aicos,  R.V.  earnestly),  Acts  26'  A.V. 
{iv  eKTfvfia,  R.V.  earnestly)  ;  Rom.  12""  '  continuing  instant 
in  prayer '  (for  tj}  irpoaevxjj  vpoaKaprepovvTi^,  R.V.  stedfastly). 

intend,  to  :  21",  to  aim,  direct  (Lat.  intendo  in  its  primary 
sense  ;  the  Heb.  is  stretch  out,  extend).  Cf  Bacon,  Adv.  of 
L.  II.  22.  4  'minds  proportioned  to  intend  [aim  at]  many 
matters ' ;  Shakesp.,  Lovers  Complaint,  23  '  As  they  did 
battery  to  the  spheres  intend.^ 

intreat,  to  :  properly  to  handle  (O.  Fr.  enfraiter,  from  traiter, 
Lat.  tractare),  hence  (i)  to  treat  or  use  107'°  (so  often  in  A.V., 
as  Gen.  12'°)  ;  (2)  to  treat  (negotiate)  about  or  for,  and  so,  as 
in  modern  Engl.,  to  intercede ;  but  in  Old  Engl,  it  often 
means  to  prevail  by  entreaty  as  Ps.  77',  which  has  to  be 
remembered  in  such  passages  of  A.V.  as  Gen.  25"  2  S.  21'* 
'  after  that  God  was  intrcated  for  the  land,'  i.  e.  was  prevailed 
upon  by  intreaty,  Ezr.  8^'  Is.  19"  &c. 

Jewry  :  76',  the  country  of  the  Jews,  Judaea.  So  Dan.  5" 
Luke  23' John  7'f  in  A.V.  ;  and  often  in  the  Apocrypha.  Fre- 
quently in  Coverdale,  as  Mt.  2'.  Also  seven  times  in  Shakesp.  ; 
as  '  Herod  of  Jewry,'  A.  and  CI.  i.  2.  28,  iii.  3.  3. 

kindreds :  22"  96',  families  (from  A.  S.  cyn,  kin'^.  So 
Acts  3"  A.V.  (R.V.  families)  ;  and  oft.  in  Cov.,  as  Jos    i3"--'. 

knap,  to  :  46',  to  snap,  break  wth  a  noise  '  Dutch  and  Germ. 
knapfen).  "Wright  quotes  from  Holland's  Pliny,  viii.  30  '  nor 
letteth  loose,  until  he  have  knapped  the  bone  in  sunder,  and 
heard  it  cracke  again.' 

lay  to,  to:  119^',  to  apply.  Joel  3'^  Cov.  '^ Laye  to  your 
sythes.' 

learn,   to:    25*-'  119"'"  132"  to   teach   (A.  S.   lisran,  Germ. 


ARCHAISMS  475 


lehren).  A  sense  which  was  formerly  common  (as  Hos.  ii' 
Cov.  'I  lerned  Ephraim  to  go'),  and  is  still  known  as  a  pro- 
vincialism.    Hence  2'°  82' '  be  learned,'  i.  e.  be  instructed. 

leasing  :  4^  5",  lying,  falsehood  (A.  S.  ledsimg,  a  lie,  from 
leas,  false,  orig.  empty  ;  Icel.  /a»5M«g,  falsehood).  Is.  59'  Cov. 
Spenser,  F.  Q.  II.  ix.  51  'And  all  that  fained  is,  as  leastngs, 
lies,  and  tales.'  In  i  Tim.  1'°  Wycliffe  has  the  expressive 
rendering  '  lesingmongeris  '  lor  Itars. 

lien  :  68",  the  old  pass.  part,  of  lie,  now  lain.  So 
Gen.  26'°  A.V. ;  Job  3'=  al.  ('lyen')  in  Coverdale. 

look  (interj.)  :  i',  cf.  los"-'^  A  graphic  and  picturesque 
pleonasm,  used  elsewhere  by  Coverdale,  as  Job  22'^  '  then, 
lake,  what  thou  takcst  in  honde,  he  shall  make  it  to  prospere 
with  thee,'  28'°  Prov.  16'  'and  loke,  what  thou  devysest,  it  shal 
prospere,'  Jer.  2^'  Ob."  Mt.  21"  'and  loke,  upon  whom  it 
falleth,  it  shal  grynde  him  :o  poulder.'  So  in  the  Offertory 
sentences,  'And  look,  what  he  layeth  out,'  &c.  (from  Cover- 
dale's  version  of  Prov.  19"). 

luck:  45'  118"'  129'',  fortune  (Dutch  Ink,  Germ.  Gliick), 
formerly  a  more  dignified  and  serious  word  than  now. 

lust :  10^  78'=-'°  81"  92"  io6'^  strong  desire,  not,  as  now, 
restricted  to  a  single  passion  (A.  S.  and  Germ,  htst,  pleasure). 
Chaucer,  Prol.  192  '  Of  prikyng  [spurring,  riding],  and  of 
huntyng  for  the  hare,  Was  al  his  hist';  Hos.  11'  Cov.  '  My 
people  hath  no  luste  to  turne  unto  me.' 

lust,  to  :  34'^  73'  (in  the  Great  Bible,  both  times,  '  lyst ' : 
Cov.  34'^  'list,'  73'  'lyst'),  to  desire,  in  a  perfectly  neutral 
sense  (A.  S.  lysian,  Dutch  Insten  ;  to  list,  John  3'  al.,  is  a 
parallel  form).     Is.  26'  Cov.  'My  soul  lusieih  after  thee.' 

lustily  :  33',  vigorously.  Two  Gentlemen  of  V.  iv.  2.  25 
'  Let's  tune,  and  to  it  lustily  awhile.' 

lusty  :  73'  103',  stout,  vigorous.  Cf.  Jud.  3^'  A.V.  (Heb. 
fat)  ;  and  in  Cov.  Is.  31'  '  and  m  horsemen,  because  they  be 
litstie  and  stronge,'  Prov.  17-^  'A  mery  herte  niaketh  a  lusty 
age.' 

lute :  33"  57"  ( =  io8-),  81^  92^  144"  150=  (Fv.  huh.  Port,  alaude, 


476  GLOSSARY  II 


from  the  Arab,  ^al'iid,  with  the  a  of  the  art.  elided,  'the  wood,' 
appHed,  Kar  e^oxw,  to  a  particular  instrument  of  wood), 
a  stringed  musical  instrument,  resembling  a  guitar,  but  with 
a  shorter  neck,  and  played  with  a  plectrum.  It  is  represented 
on  the  Ass3'rian  and  Egyptian  monuments  ;  and  has  for  long 
been  a  popular  instrument  among  the  Arabs.  See  illus- 
trations in  Stainer's  Music  of  the  Bible,  Figs.  i8,  sr  ; 
Wellhausen's  Psalms,  pp.  228,  229,  231 ;  Grove's  Did.  of 
Music,  ii.  176.  In  the  Psalms  it  stands  always  for  the  Heb. 
nebhel, — perhaps  rightly,  though  this  is  more  generally  con- 
sidered to  have  been  a  harp  or  lyre.  Cf  the  writer's  Joel  and 
Amos,  pp.  234-6. 

many  one  :  3^,  many  a  one.  '  Of  fees  and  robes  hadde  he 
many  oon,'  Chaucer,  Prologue,  317  ;  Job  n"  Coverdale  '  Yee 
[yea]  many  one  shulde  set  moch  by  thee.' 

marvellous :  as  adv.,  31"  145'.  So  Tempest,  iii.  3.  19 
^Marvellous  sweet  music';  Am.  5"  Cov.  ' warfe/oMS  pleasaunt 
vynyardes,'  Job  3-^  '  marvelous  glad.' 

meat :  42''  59"  74'"  78''-^''-''  79^  104^'-"  107"  iii'  145",  and  in 
nicat-offering  40',  food  in  general,  not,  as  now,  restricted  to 
flesh.  'Meat'  has  the  same  general  sense  throughout  the 
A.V.  [e.g.  Gen.  i^^-so)^ — notably  in  'meat-offering,'  which 
consisted  of  only  flour  and  oil  (^R.V.  mea'-offering). 

memorial:  9"  109"  135"  145',  memory.  Cf  Est.  9^'  'Nor 
the  rnemorial  of  them  perish  from  their  seed';  Holland's 
Pliny,  xxviii.  2  (Wright)  '  to  say  ought  prejudicial!  to  their 
good  name  and  memorialV  ;  Piov.  10^  Is.  26"  Cov. 

monster  :  71°,  a  prodigy  (Lat.  monstrum,  a  divine  omen,  and 
so  a  wonder,  marvel).     Chaucer,  Franklin'' s  Tale,  1 1656. 

Morians  :  68"  87*.  Used  by  old  writers,  where  we  should 
say  Moors  :  see  e.g.  Is.  43^  45"  Cov.  (also  for  Heb.  '  Cush'). 

move,  to  :  78",  to  rouse  to  anger,  as  often  in  Shakesp.,  e.g. 
Twelfth  Night,  iii.  4.  isr.  Taming  of  the  Shrew,  v.  2.  142  '  A 
woman  moved  is  like  a  fountain  troubled.' 

mow  :  35'°  ('  mowes,' — corrupted  in  modern  editions  into 
mouths),  a  grimace  (Old  Dutch  mouwe,  the  protruded  under- 


ARCHAISMS  477 


lip:  the  expression  maken  die  mouwe  =  to  make  a  grimace  is 
also  quoted).  Cf.  Ps.  22'  in  the  Geneva  Version  (1560),  '  they 
make  a  mowe  and  nod  the  head'  ;  Hatnlci,  ii.  2.  381  '  those  that 
would  make  mows  at  him.' 

naughty  :  86",  worthless,  bad.  A  more  dignified  word  once 
than  it  is  now.  In  A.V.  thrice,  Prov.  6'^  (R.V.  worthless), 
17'  (R.V.  mischievous),  Jer.  24'  '  very  naughty  figs '  (R.V.  bad). 
Gov.  has  ^naughty  silver'  in  Jer.  6"°  (Heb.  rejected;  R.V. 
refuse).     AlVs  Well,  v.  3.  254  '  a  naughty  orator.' 

nurture,  to :  94'°,  to  discipline,  educate,  train,  implying 
more  than  'nurture'  does  now.  Goverdale,  Deut.  4''  'out  of 
heaven  made  he  the  to  heare  his  voyce,  that  he  might  nurtoure 
thee,'  21'*'  '  and  whan  they  teach  him  nurtoure^  wyll  not  folowe 
them,'  I  K.  12"  'My  father  correcte  you  with  scourges,  but 
I  wyl  nourimv  you  with  scorpions,'  Prov.  8"  *geve  eare 
unto  nurtoure';  Eph.  6^  A.V.  (R.V.  chastening).  See  quota- 
tions from  Latimer  and  Shakespeare  {As  You  Like  It,  ii.  7.  97) 
in  Wright.  Coverdale's  rendering  is  in  itself  an  excellent  one  ; 
but  it  is  now  unfortunately  unintelligible  except  to  those  who 
are  specialists  in  Old  English. 

occupy,  to :  107^',  to  be  engaged  in  (Lat.  occuparc,  to  lay 
hold  of),  then  to  use,  employ,  and  esp.  to  trade  with.  Cf. 
Hos.  12'  Gov.  '  to  occupy  extortion '  ;  and  in  A.V.  Ex.  38' 
(A.V.  used),  Jud.  16",  Ez.  27'  '  mariners  to  occupy  \i.  e.  to  trade 
in]  thy  merchandise,'  so  ^z.  is-'^'^'-^^^  Luke  19^  (^R.V.  '  Trade  ye 
[herewith]  till  I  come ')  ;  More's  Utopia  (Lumby),  p.  29  '  such 
as  ...  be  not  hable  to  occupye  their  olde  craftes,  and  be  to 
aged  to  lerne  new.' 

of:  7"  9''  22^^37"  62' 68'°  127^  148'  (Seb.  Munster,  de  caelis), 
from;  115'°  =  by.  Gf.  'O  God  the  Father,  o/"  heaven '  (Lat. 
de  caelis)  ;  and  '  God  of  God,  Light  of  Light.'  In  22^'  taken 
almost  inevitably  in  the  sense  of  '  about'  (which  it  really  has 
in  the  apparently  similar  passage,  71*"^). 

ordain,  to  :  7"  8'-'  132",  to  set  in  order  (Lat.  ordinare), 
prepare,  appoint.  Used  formerly  of  material  objects  ;  cf  in 
A.V.  Is.  30"  (R.V.  prepared),  Hab.  i'=  i  Gh.  17"  (R.V. 
appoint).  In  81^  (of  a  festival),  more  in  accordance  with 
modern  usage. 


24 


478  GLOSSARY  II 


order,  to:  37"  4o'-'  50"  119'",  to  set  in  order,  arrange, 
direct.  Cf.  in  A,V.  Ex.  zf^  (we  should  say  here  'arrange'), 
Jud.  13"  Ps.  iS"  Miarg.  (of  a  table),  Is.  9'  Jer.  46'  '  Order  ye 
the  buckler  and  shield,'  t.  e.  arrange  them  properly  for  the 
battle,  Job  13"  '  I  have  ordered  my  cause,'  i.e.  arranged  it,  set 
it  out.  Often  so  in  Shakesp.,  as  Rich.  III.,  v.  3.  292  '  And  thus 
my  battle  shall  be  ordered'  (cf,  i  Ki.  20'') ;  Jul.  Caes.  v.  5  79  f. 
'  Within  my  tent  his  bones  to-night  shall  lie,  Most  like  a  soldier, 
ordered  honourably.' 

or  ever  :  58'  90",  before  (A.S.  cpr,  Germ,  eher,  before  ;  our 
ere.  Or  ever  is  a  pleonastic,  reduplicated  form).  So  Prov.  8" 
Dan.  6"  a!.  ;  Is.  65"  Gov.  '  or  ever  they  call,  I  shal  answere 
them  ' ;  Hamlet,  i.  2.  183  'Would  I  had  met  my  dearest  foe  in 
heaven  Or  ever  I  had  seen  that  day,  Horatio !  ' 

other  :  7'°  49"  73'  76",  the  old  plur.  of  other,  where  we 
should  say  others,  or  other  men.  Cf.  in  A.V.  Phil.  2'  4^ 
Job  24'' ;  and  Latimer,  Sermons,  p.  47,  '  It  is  no  marvel  that 
they  go  about  [seek]  to  keep  other  in  darkness.' 

pavilion:  18",  a  curtained  tent  (Fr.  pavilion,— so  called, 
because  spread  out  like  the  wings  of  a  butterfly,  Lat. 
papilionem). 

persecute,  to  :  in  7'-' 35'-^  71' 83"  143',  simply  to  pursue.  So 
often  in  A.V,  as  Jer.  29"  Lam.  3"-°"  tR.V.  in  all,  pursue). 
Wright  quotes  a  good  illustration  from  More's  Utopia  (p.  140, 
Lumby)  '  Whiles  their  enemies  rejoysing  in  the  victory  have 
persecuted  them  flying  some  one  way  and  some  another.' 

port:  9",  gate  (Lat.  porta\  Often  in  Goverdale,  as  Is.  14'' 
'Mourne,  ye  portes;  wepe,  ye  cities,'  Ez.  8'  11'  Mic.  2" 
Neh.  2''  3"'*  (in  A.V.  'dung-/)or/'  retained  in  2",  but  altered 
to  'dung-^rtfe'  in  3"-"),  Ps.  9'*,  &c.  ;  and  in  Shakesp.,  as 
Coiiol.  v.  6.  5  f.  '  Him  I  accuse,  The  city  poiis  by  this  hath 
entered.' 

prevent :  18"  21'  119"',  to  go  or  come  before,  to  anticipate 
(Lat.  pracvenire).  So  often  in  A.V.,  as  Job  3'' 30"  41"  Ps.  i8=-'' 
21'  [so  R.V.]  59'°  [so  R.V.]  79^  [also  R.V.]  88''  iig'"-"'  [so 
R.V.]  Is.  21"  Am.  9'"  [so  R.V.]  Mt.  xf  i  Th.  4'=.  Cf.  Bacon, 
Adv.  of  L.  II.  21.  §  9  ;  Holland's  Pliny,  ii.  8  '  For  all  the  while 


ARCHAISMS  479 

that  she  (the  planet  Venus)  prevcnteth  the  morning,  and  riseth 
Orientall  before,  she  taketh  the  name  of  Lucifer  (or  Daystarre).' 
So  in  the  P.  B.  :  'Prevent  us,  O  Lord,  in  all  our  doings,'  &c.  ; 
and  in  the  Collects  for  Easter-day  and  the  17th  Sunday  after 
Trinity. 

prolong,  to  :  119''°,  to  defer.  So  Ez.  12"-''  (R.V.  deferred). 
Cf.  Mt(ck  Ado,  iv.  I.  256  'This  wedding  day  Perhaps  is  but 
prolong'd.' 

quarrel  :  35",  '  like  the  Latin  querela,  used  of  a  plaintiflPs 
action  at  law  '  (W.  A.  Wright). 

quick :  55'"  124^,  alive  (A.  S.  civic,  Dutch  kivtk,  Swed.  qvick, 
&c.).  So  several  times  in  A.V.,  as  Lev.  is'"-'^  Numb.  16'° 
Heb.  4"  ;  and  in  the  Creed,  '  the  quick  and  the  dead.'  Cf. 
Chaucer,  Knight's  Tale,  1017  'Nat  fully  quyk,  ne  fully  dede 
they  were.'  The  same  sense  is  preserved  in  'a  quick-set 
hedge,'  'to  the  quick,'  'the  quick  of  the  nail,'  ^quick-lime,' 
'  quick-sand,'  '  quick-silver.' 

quicken:  (22'°  85"  ng^s-"-"-'"''-''-""- "»•'"•"'•■='  143")  in  the 
sense  of  give  life  to,  is  less  unfamiliar  than  quick  in  the  sense  of 
alive ;  cf.  Rom.  8"  i  Cor.  is^"  Eph.  2'-=  Col.  2",  A.V.  and  R.V. 
It  is  a  word  which  our  language  needs,  being  more  expressive 
and  significant  than  either  revive  or  keep  alive  ;  and  it  is  to  be 
hoped  that  it  may  not  fall  out  of  use.  Comp.  Glossary  I 
under  '  quicken.' 

ramping :  22",  pawing,  rearing,  with  the  collat.  idea  of 
raging  (prob.  from  Ital.  rampa,  a  claw).  Chaucer,  Monk's 
Prol.  3094  '  When  she  [my  wife]  comth  hoom,  she  ranipeth  in 
my  face'  ;  Spenser,  F.  Q.  L  v.  28  'Then,  foaming  tarre,  their 
bridles  they  would  champ.  And  trampling  the  fine  element 
would  fiercely  ramp '  ;  3  Hen.  VI,  v.  2.  13  '  Under  whose 
shade  the  ramping  lion  slept.' 

ravish,  to  :  lo'*"',  to  seize  with  violence  (Fr.  ravir,  Lat. 
rapere).  Coverdale  has  'a  ravyshinge  wolf  Gen.  49",  'a 
ravyshinge  beast,'  Is.  35'. 

refrain,  to:  40"  76'°-'^  119''"  131',  to  bridle,  restrain,  hold 
in  check  (Lat.  refraenare).     Cf  More's  Utopia  (Lumby\  p.  28 


480  GLOSSARY  VI 


'  It  is  to  extreame  and  cruel  a  punishment  for  thefte,  and  yet 
not  sufficient  to  refrayne  and  withhold  men  from  thefte'; 
Bacon,  £'s5rtj)'s,  Ivii,  first  par.,  'How  the  Particular  Motions 
of  Anger,  may  be  repressed,  or  at  least  refrained  from 
doing  Mischiefe'  ;  Adv.  of  L.  (Wright)  pp.  53,  183,  192;  Gov. 
Is.  12'  ;  in  A.V.  Prov.  i'^  i  Pet.  3'"  al.  With  Ps.  83'  'refrain 
thyself  cf.  (though  the  Heb.  is  different)  Gen.  45'  Is.  42". 

reins  :  7'°  16'  26^  73'°  139'^  (Lat.  renes),  an  old  word  for  the 
kidneys.     See  Glossary  I. 

remember  themselves,  to  :  22"  (cf.  O.  Fr.  se  remembrer ; 
and  Mod.  Fr.  se  souveni)).  The  reflexive  use  occurs  in  Shakesp., 
'  now  I  remember  me,'  Twelfth  Night,  v.  i.  286. 

reproof:  38",  disproof,  refutation,  rejoinder.  Cf.  i  Hen.  IV, 
i.  2.  213  '  in  the  reproof  of  this  lies  the  jest,'  i.e.  in  proving 
this  to  be  false. 

require,  to  :  27*  38'°  40'  51'  78"  137',  to  ask,— without  the 
idea  now  attaching  to  the  word  of  demanding  as  a  right  *.  So 
in  A.V.,  as  2  Sam.  12^°  'when  he  required,  they  set  bread 
before  him'  (where  the  Heb.  is  simply  asked),  Prov.  30' 
'Two  things  have  I  required  [R.V.  asked]  of  thee,'  Ru.  3" 
[R.V.  sayest],  Ezr.  8"  [R.V.  ask]. 

rid,  to  :  18"  71',  to  rescue  (A.  S.  hreddan,  to  snatch  away  ; 
Dutch  redden,  Germ,  retten).  Cf  Jer.  15='  Cov.  'And  I  will 
ryd  thee  out  of  the  hondes  of  the  wicked.'  So  in  A.V.  Gen.  37-^ 
Ps.  82^  (R.V.  deliver),  Ex.  6"  (also  R.V.\  Ps.  144'-"  (R.V. 
rescue).  The  loss  of  this  word  in  its  old  sense  in  modern 
English  is  much  to  be  regretted. 

right  (adv.):  30"  46=  53^  57'  102^  108=  ii6>^  139"-^  ^  An 
intensive  adverb,  often  in  Shakesp.,  and  still  not  entirely 
obsolete.     Cf  '  Right  Honourable,'  *  Right  Worshipful.' 

runagate  :  68",  runaway  (a  popular  corruption  of  renegade 
[apostate,  O.  Fr.  renegat,  Low  Lat.  renegatns,  one  who  denies 
the  faith],  interpreted  as  though  it  stood  for  renne  a  gate 
['  gate '  in  many  Engl,  dialects  signifying  a  way  ;  Icel.  gata. 


*  In  40''  i?!*'  'require'  may  perhaps  correspond  to  MiXnster's  />os/u/avt 
and  ejKi^is  \  but  in  27'  78^^  i.V'^  't  is  used  already  by  Coverdale,  and  111 
38^''  it  is  original  in  the  Great  Bible. 


ARCHAISMS  481 


Swed.  gafa],  i.  c.  a  runaway).  Is.  46'  Cov.  '  Go  in  to  youre 
owne  selves,  O  ye  ritnnagates'  {A.Y.  transgressors)  ;  Rom.  and 
Jul.  iii.  5.  90  '  Where  that  same  banished  runagate  doth  hve.' 

set :  g\  seated.     So  Mt.  5'  27"  Heb.  8',  A.V. 

set :  38",  fixed.  Cf.  (in  different  connexions)  58' ;  and  in 
A.V.,  Luke  2"  Phil.  i". 

set  by,  to:  15',  to  value,  esteem.  Cf.  i  S.  18'°  A.V.,  R.V., 
'his  name  was  much  set  by';  Hab.  i'  Cov.  'And  why?  the 
ungodly  is  more  set  by  then  the  rightuous.' 

shawm  :  98^,  a  reed-instrument  resembling  the  clarionet : 
see  Chappell's  Hist,  of  Music,  i.  35  (O.  Fr.  chahntie,  '  a  little 
pipe  made  of  a  reed,  or  of  a  wheaten  or  oaten  straw '  ;  from 
chauine,  straw,  Lat.  calamus).  Hos.  5'  Cov.  ;  Spenser,  F.  Q.  i.  12. 
§  13  '  With  shaumes,  and  trompets,  and  with  clarions  sweet.' 
The  plur.  form  shalmies  occurs  in  Chaucer  {House  of  Fame, 
iii.  128). 

shew,  in  P.B.V.  as  in  A.V.,  often  means  not  to  point  out  to, 
but  to  tell,  declare.  It  thus  stands  for  the  usual  Heb.  word 
signifying  to  declare  9"  19'  51'°  71"  92"  111°  142'  147",  to  tell  or 
recount  9'^  78^-'  79"  88",  to  say,  affirm  145",  to  cause  to  know 
i6'^  25'-''  79"  89'  103'  143',  to  cause  to  hear  26'  106' ;  cf.  also 
36'  49*  145'.  Comp.  in  A.V.  Jud.  is'"  i  S.  11'  (R.V.  told),  19' 
'Jonathan  shelved  him— i.e.  told  him— all  these  things,'  22-' 
(R.V.  told\  Mt.  11'  (R.V.  tell),  John  i6"  (R.V.  declare),  &c. 

shine  :  97',  sheen,  brightness.  Hab.  3*  Cov.  '  His  shyne  is 
as  the  Sonne.' 

sometime  :  68'^  89'°,  once,  formerly.  So  in  A.V  ,  Col.  3' 
I  Pet.  3'°  (R.V.  aforetime)  ;  Hamlet,  i.  2.  8  '  our  sometime 
sister,  now  our  queen.' 

sore  (adj.)  :  2''  38' '  78'°,  heavy,  severe  (.■\.  S.  sdr,  painful, 
Dutch  zeer,  sore).  Hamlet,  v.  2.  240  f.  '  And  you  must  needs 
have  heard,  how  I  am  punished  With  sore  distraction.' 

sore  (adv.):  e'"  38'-'  iie'"  118"  119"  139",  grievously, 
severely  (A.  S.  scire ;  Germ,  sehr,  very,  exceedingly).  2  Hen. IV, 
iv.  3.  83  'I  hear  the  king  my  father  is  sore  sick,'  R.  and  J.  i.  4. 
19  'I  am  too  sore  enpierced  with  his  shaft.'  Often  also  in 
A.V,  as  Ps.  44'»  Mark  14". 

I  i 


482  GLOSSjiRY  II 


sort :  62',  kind,  class,  and  so  a  company.  Spenser,  F.  Q.  vi.9. 
§  5  'There  on  a  day,  as  he  pursew'd  the  chace,  He  chaunst  to 
spy  a  soti  of  shepheard  groomes  '  (a  company  of  shepherd 
lads).     2  Hen.  VI,  ii.  i.  167,  iii.  2.  277  ;  Rich.  Ill,  v.  3.  316. 

stomach  :  loi',  fig.  for  pride,  spirit.  Cf.  Hen.  VIII,  iv.  2.  34 
'  He  was  a  man  Of  an  unbounded  stomach,  ever  ranking  Him- 
self with  princes'  ;  in  Coverdale's  version,  Is.  9'  '  can  saye 
with  pryde  and  hie  stomackes,'  46'^  '  Heare  me,  O  ye  that 
are  of  an  hie  stoma  k'  (A.V.  stout-hearted),  and  even,  very 
quaintly,  of  Jehovah,  42"  'and  take  a  stomacke  to  him  like 
a  fresh  man  of  warre'  ;  2  Mace.  7^'  (A.V.)  'stirring  up  her 
womanish  thoughts  with  a  rassAy  stomach,  she  said,'  &c.  (where 
the  Greek  is  Bv^oi  ;  Rich.  II,  i.  i.  18  '  High-stovnachtd  are  they 
both,  and  full  of  ire.' 

stool :  94'°,  a  chair  of  state.  So  2  Mace.  14"  (for  the  Greek 
5i<ppos)  ;  Am.  6'  Gov,  '  that  syt  in  the  stole  of  wylfulnesse.' 

strange  :  18"" 81'  114'  137'  I44'''",  foreign  (O.  Fr.  estrange, 
Lat  extraneus).  So  i  Ki.  11'  'strange  women '  (Heb.  foreign), 
Zeph.  i'  '  strange  apparel '  (R.V.  foreign^,  Ex.  2"  and  18' 
'  a  strange  land  '  (Heb.  foreign),  21'  R.V.  '  a  strange  people  ' 
(?'.  e.  a  foreign  people).  *  Strange  '  has  now  so  completely  lost 
its  old  meaning,  that  it  often  almost  entirely  obscures  the  real 
meaning  of  a  passage.  '  Strange '  occurs  also  44^'  81'° 
('strange  god  ')  ;  but  the  Heb.  here  is  not  the  distinctive  word 
for  'foreign.'  Mr.  Wright  quotes  from  the  Homilies  (p.  512) 
the  expression  '  a  certain  strange  philosopher,'  i.  e.  a  foreign 
philosopher. 

tabernacle  :  simply  tent  (Lat.  tabe>7taculum,  a  tent).  In  15' 
19'  61^  78"'  83^  132',  it  represents  the  usual  Heb.  word  for 
'  tent ' ;  in  27'  76'  it  stands  for  '  covert' ;  in  31"  for  '  booth '  (so 
in  the  '  Feast  of  Tabernacles,'  i.  e.  of  Booths)  ;  in  46^  78""  132' 
for  'dwelling-place.' 

tell,  to  :  22'' 48"  56'  139"  147',  to  count  (A.  S.  tellan  ;  Germ. 
zdhlen  ;  cf  tale  in  '  the  tale  of  the  bricks  '  Ex.  5',  and  '  in  full 
tale  '  I  S.  18").  Shakesp.,  King  Lear,  iii.  2.  89  '  When  usurers 
tell  their  gold  i'  the  field  '  ;  Milton,  U Allegro,  67  '  And  every 
shepherd  tells  his  tale  Under  the  hawthorn  in  the  dale '  ; 
Gen.  15'  A.V.,  R.V.,  '  and  tell  the  stars,  if  thou  be  able  to  tell 


ARCHAISMS  483 


them,'  Jer.  33"  A.V.,  R.V.  (as  in  Milton,  of  the  shepherd 
numbering  his  sheep). 

tempt,  to  :  78''-"  "  95'  106'',  to  try,  put  to  the  test,  John  6« 
Wycliffe,  '  But  he  seide  this  thing,  temptynge  hym  ;  for  he 
wiste  what  he  was  to  do'  (Coverdale,  A.V.,  R.V.  'to  prove 
him  ').  The  fact  that  the  word  has  acquired  now  a  different 
sense,  is  a  source  of  great  misunderstanding  in  some  passages 
(as  Gen.  22'  A.V.,  Is.  7'^  Luke  10"  A.V.,  R.V.),  where  it  is 
used  in  its  old  sense  :  comp.  Glossary  I,  under  'prove.' 

temptation :  95",  proving. 

testament :   105'°,  covenant. 

treasures  :  135',  treasuries.     So  Jer.  10"  2  Ki.  18''  20'^  &c. 

turned,  to  be  (in  both  a  good  and  a  bad  sense,  and  also 
neutrally)  :  6°  9''  22"  35^  70'  104''  119"  129'.  Probably 
a  Latinism  {converli)  :  at  any  rate,  '  be  turned  '  is  used  in  these 
passages,  where  the  Heb.  is  simply  timi  (neuter),  and  where 
we  should  now  say  turn  (or  retttni).  To  a  modern  reader, 
the  (apparent)  passive  is  sometimes  misleading,  as  Ps.  g"  22", 
and  in  A.V.,  R.V.  of  Jer.  31"  (where  the  Heb.  is  '  turn  thou  me, 
and  I  ivill  tiim'',  v."  (Heb.  'after  that  I  fumed),  34"  {' and  ye 
turned'  [exactly  as  f."]),  Lam.  5''  ('Turn  us  unto  thee,  and 
we  will  turn ')  *. — In  Ps.  44"  *  is  turned  '  stands  where  we 
should  say  '  hath  turned '  ;  and  in  Ps.  69'°  109'  139'°  be  turned 
is  simply  equivalent  to  become. 

Tush  :  id"-"""  73"  94',  an  exclamation  of  scorn  or  impatience. 
Often  in  Coverdale's  version,  as  Ps.  14"  'Tush,  there  is  no 
God,'  29(30)°,  Job  22"  '■Tush,  how  shulde  God  knowe?' 
Ez.  12'"-"  18^'  'And  yet  ye  saye,  Tush,  the  waye  of  the  Lorde 
is  not  indifferent  [impartial],'  20''  Mt.  24^'  &c. ;  and  in 
Shakespeare,  as  Love's  Labour's  Lost,  iv.  3.  158,  i  Hen.  VI,  iv.  i. 
178,  and  elsewhere. 

vanity  :  4'  5'  6'  10'  12'  24*  31'  39"-"  41'  62'-'-"'  78"  119" 
144""",  what  is  empty  and  worthless, — in  many  different 
applications,  material,  moral,  and  spiritual. 

*  Cf.  in  A.V.  Acts  I5'9  '  are  turned '  (R.V.  turn)  for  eTrL(TTpe<i>nvcni>,  by 
the  side  of  11'^'  '  and  turned'  for  e-niaTpixljev  \  and  Rev.  i'-  'and  I  turned  ' 
for  ini(npi\\/a,  followed  (f.  ")  by  '  and  being  turned  '  for  ini<rrp€\j)ai  (R.V. 
and  having  turned). 

1  i  2 


484  GLOSSARY  II 


vex,  to  :  2'  6-'°  58'  88'  129''  143'^  to  harass,  discomfit  (Lat. 
vexare).  The  word  had  formerly  a  stronger  sense  than  now  ; 
it  is  used  in  the  passages  quoted  (as  the  parallel  version  will 
show)  for  various  Heb.  words  expressing  ideas  much  stronger 
than  our  'vex.'  In  Jud.  2''  10'  it  stands  for  words  signifying 
to  crush  or  oppress.     Comp.  Acts  12"  A.V.  (for  KaKwaai). 

wax,  to  :  31"  102"  143',  to  grow,  fig.  to  become  (A.  S. 
weaxan,  Germ,  wachsen,  to  grow).  Often  in  A.V.,  as  Mt.  24'^ 
'  shall  wax  cold.' 

wealth :  69",  weal,  well-being,  welfare,  not  as  now 
restricted  to  riches  (an  extended  form  of  weal,  A.  S.  wela  :  cf 
heal-th  from  heal,  dear-th  from  dear').  Am.  g*  Cov.  '  for  their 
harme,  and  not  for  their  wealth  '  (A.V.  for  evil  and.  not  for 
good)  ;  Merch.  ofV.  v.  i.  249  '  I  once  did  lend  my  body  for  his 
wealth,' — for  his  benefit,  advantage.  So  in  the  Litany  '  in  all 
time  of  our  ivealth^  i.  e.  of  our  well-being,  opp.  to  '  tribulation' ; 
and  in  the  Prayer  for  the  Queen  in  the  Communion  Service, 
'  and  study  to  preserve  thy  people  committed  to  her  charge  in 
wealth,  peace,  and  godliness.'  Cf.  in  A.V.  i  S.  2"  Ezr.  9'^ 
(R.V.  prosperity),  Est.  10'  (R.V.  good),  Job  21"  (R.V.  pros- 
perity), I  Cor.  10"  (R.V.  good). 

wealthy  :  66"  78"  123',  well-to-do,  prosperous.  Cf  in 
Coverdale's  version  Zech.  7'  '  when  Jerusalem  was  yet 
inhabited  and  welthy'  (A.V.  in  prosperity)  ;  Jer.  49"  A.V. 
'wealthy  nation,'  with  marg.  '  Or,  that  is  at  ease,'  which  has 
been  taken  into  the  text  of  R.V.  In  Ps.  123^  A.V.  itself  has 
'  those  that  are  at  ease.' 

well:  114°;  cf  Cant.  4'*  John  4'^  'The  force  of  these 
passages  is  greatly  increased  by  remembering  that  "  well " 
(A.  S.  wyl,  well)  originally  signified  a  spring  or  fountain,  and 
not  merely  a  pit  containing  water '  (Wright).  '  Well '  stands 
for  the  Heb.  word  meaning  spring  in  Gen.  24"  49"  Ex.  15",  as 
in  John  4'''  for  the  Greek  Trrj-yq. 

well  is  thae  :  128^,  it  is  well  to  thee  ('  thee  '  being  the  dative): 
cf.  Ecclus.  25'-''  'well  is  him'  ;  Chaucer,  Knight's  Tale,  211 1 
(1251)  'And  well  was  him,  that  therto  chosen  was.' 

well  liking  :   92'^,  properly  well-pleasing,  hence  in  good 


ARCHAISMS  485 


condition.  Cf.  Dan.  1'°  '  worse  liking,'  i.  e.  in  worse  condition  ; 
2  Hen.  IF,  iii.  2.  93  'You  like  well,  and  bear  your  years 
very  well.' 

■whole  :  So'-''-"',  safe  and  sound  (in  Chaucer  hool,  A.  S.  hdl : 
see  wholesome).  Is.  64''  Coverdale,  '  and  there  is  not  one 
whole'  (Heb.  saved,  as  in  Ps.  8o'-'-"). 

wholesome :  20"  28',  saving,  the  adj.  corresponding  to 
health,  q.  v.  (from  A.  S.  hdl,  whole  ;  Germ,  heilsani.  The 
w  is  not  etjonological ;  and  is  probably,  says  Skeat,  not  older 
than  c.  1500).  Cf.  (in  moral  and  spiritual  applications) 
Wycliffe,  Ecclus.  6"  (1382)  'the  fairnesse  forsothe  of  lif  is  in 
it  [wisdom],  and  the  bondis  of  it  holsum  binding'  (Vulg. 
*  vincula  illius  alligatura  sahttis')  ;  Erasmus,  Exposytion  of  the 
Commune  Crede  (1533),  fol.  ix  b,  '  This  symbole  or  crede,  they 
in  the  old  tyme  that  were  baptized  whan  they  were  growne 
in  age,  dyd  recyte  openly,  every  man  with  his  owne  mouth 
(and  were  then  called  Catecumeni),  afore  that  they  were 
dipped  in  the  wholsome  water '  (cf.  '  the  wholesome  laver  of 
regeneration '  in  the  Baptismal  Service  in  the  Prayer-Book  of 
1549) ;  Udal,  Traits.  0/ Erasmus  Paraphrase  (1552),  fol.  278  a, 
'  and  for  this  cause  sake,  Christ  came  once  into  the  worlde, 
to  shew  the  waye  wherby  hys  commyng  againe  should 
become  holesome  and  luckye  unto  us.'  (I  am  indebted  for 
these  references  to  the  Rev.  J.  Hastings,  D.D.,  editor  of  the 
Dictionary  0/  the  Bible,  mentioned  on  p.  466,  and  author  of  the 
articles  in  it  on  the  English  of  the  Authorized  Version.) 

worship  (subst.)  :  3'  8'  21'  29'  =  45'  47^  68"  84"  96'-'  102^' 
no'  145',  honour,  glory,— not  limited,  as  now,  to  honour  paid 
to  God,  or  a  deity  (properly  worth-ship,  A.  S.  weorS-scipe, 
honour,  lit.  worthiness,  and  so  the  dignity  or  respect  due  to 
any  one).  In  Cov.  Gen.  45"  Job  14"  '  whether  his  children 
come  to  worshipe  or  no,  he  can  not  tell.'  Cf.  Luke  14'°  A.V. 
'  then  shalt  thou  have  worship  in  the  presence  of  them  that  sit 
at  meat  with  thee'  (Gk.  Sofa  ;  R.V.  glory)  ;  and  in  the  Marriage 
Service  '  with  my  body  I  thee  worships  i.  e.  treat  worthily, 
honour,  respect.  Wycliffe  rendered  Mt.  13"  'A  profete  is 
not  with  oute  worschip,  but  in  his  owen  countre,  and  in  his 
owne  hous  ';  Mt.  19"  '  Worschipe  thi  fadir  and  thi  modir  ' ;  and 


486  GLOSSARY  II 


John  12^'^  '  if  ony  man  serve  me,  my  fadir  schal  worschipe  hym.' 
A  survival  of  the  same  sense  is  preserved  in  the  civic  title 
worsliipful. 

There  are  besides,  in  the  Prayer-Book  Version  of  the 
Psalms,  a  considerable  number  of  expressions— in  fact,  as 
many  as  170  or  180 — which  are  more  or  less  antiquated,  and 
which  would  not  be  used  ordinarily  at  the  present  day  ;  but, 
as  they  are  not  of  a  kind  liable  to  be  misunderstood,  I  have 
not  thought  it  necessary  to  include  them  in  the  Glossary. 
The  great  majority  of  them  will  be  found  noted  in  Mr.  Aldis 
Wright's  Biole  Word  Book. 


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