A partial list of plants available for various uses in general landscape planting

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Published and Copyrighted 1916 by

A. D. TAYLOR
1900 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, Ohio

PRICE

Paper Cover . . 50 Cents
Cloth Cover . . . 15 Cents

APR 13 1916

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GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING

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Compiled by
ALBERT D. TAYLOR

Non-Resident Professor of Landscape Architecture
Ohio State University

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1900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio

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INTRODUCTION

HE writer has for some time felt the need in the landscape field,

especially by the amateur gardener, for a book of this type. Such

a list will be of little value to the expert gardener and to the property
owner who has made an exhaustive study of plant uses and adaptations.
It is hoped, however, that this will serve as a ready reference to those who
have no authoritative source of information and whose limited opportunity
for observation has not enabled them to be familiar with a wide range of
plant materials

This list is not a complete study of this subject. The aim of the
writer is to provide the property owner and the student, in a compact form,
with the essential facts concerning the correct use of the more prominent
species of trees, shrubs, vines and perennials.

The question is so often asked, ‘‘What plants can I use for a specific
purpose?”’ This booklet will place immediately at the disposal of such
persons, a list of plants from which species and varieties may be selected.

While the range of material is sufficient to meet the requirements
of the average property owner, it can, however, be supplemented with
additional varieties which should be selected with much greater care.
This information is the result of a number of years of study in the work
of professional landscape architecture. Many of these lists have been
compiled, modified and checked by competent gardeners on large estates
whose practical experience has enabled them to provide the writer with
information of exceptional value.

In many of these groups of plants there are species which can be
included in more than one group. In many instances, species which may
be used in more than one group, but which are especially desirable in
only one group, are not included in other groups. It is to be assumed
that a number of these plants in the different groups may be transferred
to one group or another by persons who have acquired sufficient expert
knowledge to be familiar with the characteristics of the plants under many
different conditions.

The correct selection of plants for various purposes is but a part of
the success for landscape plantings. Not only should we know the correct
use of plants as indicated in this list, but their landscape value from the
standpoint of their peculiar adaptation to design and composition should
be carefully studied. The information in this booklet should be supple-
mented with additional information procured thru descriptions in nursery
catalogues, encyclopedias, and garden books.

{ The writer is indebted for many valuable suggestions contained
in this volume to Mr. G. D. Cooper and to Mr. H. L. Flint, who have
carefully checked and revised the original manuscript.

Area to which This List is Adapted

The plant materials included in this list are well adapted to use in
the northern half of Ohio and in regions having approximately the same
growing season. This may be said to include, roughly, the Atlantic
coast area from Maine to New York. All of New York, New Jersey
and Pennsylvania to an elevation of 1500 feet above sea level, Northern
Illinois, Southern Michigan and Southern Wisconsin.

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN Lee

10.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
Plants for hedges ch le me te ae ok 2 ee en
A. As barriers:
a. Holding leaves during winter
b. Not holding leaves during winter
B. As edgings for walks and garden borders
C. As windbreaks and for solid screen effects
D. For privacy
Plants for ground cover A, Me Sy ee 11-16

A. As edging plants in perennial borders and for pattern
bedding

B. As ground cover plants in shady situations
C. As ground cover on embankments and rocky places

D. As small flowering and foliage plants for crevices between
stepping stones and flagging on paved terrace areas

E. As plants adapted to open sunny exposures
Plants) for border planting 5 2 5 =) in

A. As masses for refined lawn areas
B. As masses consisting mostly of native collected shrubs

Plants valuable for specimen use and for accent purposes . 19-20
Plants for street and avenue planting ee ee 20

A. Trees which are entirely hardy under all conditions

B. Trees which should be selected with a thoro knowledge
of the conditions under which they are to be used

Plants adapted to various types of soil conditions . . . 21-23

A. Boggy and peaty soils
B. Light sandy soils
C. Heavy clay soils

Plants for exposed lake front and river border conditions . 23-25
Plants for partially shaded and heavily shaded conditions . 25
Plants for undergrowth plantations in wooded areas . . 26-27

A. Shrubs and small trees
B. Ground cover plants

Plants for heavy formal effects . oe ere
[ 6 ]

GobeN bat As) LeA IN DSC AUPE, PLAN TING

TABLE OF CONTENTS—Continued

PAGE

11. Plants for natural informal effects fe tee CH ee eee eS. WEES

12. Plants valuable because of the autumn coloration of their
ICAV.CSM TE Men, oe be I retin neo 5) | RO BES 229

13. Plants for different flowering effects . . . . . . . £29-383

Producing flowers in early spring before the leaves appear

Producing flowers in early spring immediately after the
leaves appear

Producing flowers during the summer months
Producing flowers in late summer and during autumn
Producing flowers in reds and pinks

Producing yellow flowers

Producing white flowers

ies QE Neh

14. Plants valuable for the characteristics of their fruit = 33-36

Producing fruit of peculiarly interesting form or size
Producing fruit valuable for its color effects
Producing fruit valuable during the winter months
Producing fruit valuable for attracting birds

Producing fruit which makes the plant undesirable in
landscape planting

BOO W >

15. Plants valuable for use in rock Euceu: and in Japanese

gardens ee Ee ee — Lt ta sad LL OOSOo
16. Plants for use in congested city districts . . . . . . 3839
jemmvines Tor vanous Uses i+ =: 5 «9. «. 2). «& 2) 39240

A. Valuable for their flowering effect

B. Valuable for their use on brick, stone and masonry
walls, and wood structures

C. Valuable because of their vigorous climbing habits, and
heavy foliage effects

D. Valuable because of fruiting characteristics
E. Valuable because of their fast-growing character

18. Plants of fast-growing type valuable for pede screen
effects soon after planting . .. . . pray. , ako

[7]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANG@ ee

TABLE OF CONTENTS — Continued

PAGE
19. Plants adapted for transplanting at specific seasons of the
year pets I SY I a 4l
20. Perennials valuable for naturalizing in wild garden areas . . 42
21. Perennials valuable for different purposes . . . . . 43-47
A. Standard types of hardy perennials for general use
B. Perennials valuable for cut-flowers
C. Perennials valuable for early spring gardens
D. Perennials valuable for their summer-flowering effect
E. Perennials valuable for their fall-flowering effect
F. Perennials with blue flowers
G. Perennials with white flowers
H. Perennials with pink and white flowers
I. Perennials with red flowers
J. Perennials which should not be used in small refined
formal garden areas
22. Annuals and perennials especially valuable for cut-flowers . 47-48
23. ‘istofbulbs 2... . 3 -< 4 5 = s ~ 2) See
A. For use in refined lawn and garden areas 4
B. For naturalizing in woodland and wild garden areas
24. Evergreens most generally used in Ohio climate. . . . 49-50
25. Evergreens which should not be used in Ohio climate . . . 50
26; Plants valuable for window boxes) =) = eee

A. South or West exposure
B. East exposure
C. North exposure

[8]

Geb Neen Lo LANDSCAPE PLANTING

i; PLANTS FOR’ HEDGES

A. (As barriers). These should consist of shrubs
which are very close growing and compact in habit. Many
among them are thorny in character. They are excellent
as barriers for two reasons; either because of the thorny
character which makes passage undesirable, or because
of the extremely close habit of growth, which makes the
hedge solid in character.

a. Holding leaves during winter

Picea excelsa
Norway Spruce
Thuya (in variety)
Arborvitae
Retinospora plumosat
Plume-like Cypress

Tsuga Canadensis
Canadian Hemlock

Euonymus Japonicus
Evergreen Euonymus

Berberis ilicifoliat
Holly-leaved Barberry

Mahonia aquifolium

Oregon Grape

b. Not holding leaves during winter

Berberis vulgaris
Common European Barberry
Berberis Thunbergii
Thunberg’s Barberry
Cydonia Japonica*
Japanese Quince
Rosa rugosa
Wrinkled Japanese Rose
Rosa laevigata
Cherokee Rose
Hippophae rhamnoides
Sea Buckthorn
Rhamnus cathartica
Common Buckthorn

Toxylon pomiferum*
Osage Orange

Crataegus crus-galli*
Cockspur Thorn
Crataegus oxycantha*
May Thorn
Lonicera fragrantissima
Early Fragrant Honeysuckle
Fagus sylvatica
European Beech
Citrus trifoliatat*
Hardy Orange

Rhamnus frangula
Alder Buckthorn

Crataegus coccinea*
Scarlet-fruited Thorn

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep

them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (7), unless protected during the severe winter months, will

occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[9]

GENERAL,.LAN DS CAPE. PLA Nae

1. PLANTS FOR HEDGES (Continued)

B. (As edgings for walks and garden borders). Low
growing types of shrubs (under normal conditions not
exceeding 24’’ in height) lending themselves to frequent
clipping and shearing. These shrubs are often used in
edging formal garden walks, pools, and beds of plantings.
In general, most of these shrubs require a very small amount
of pruning, to maintain their close-growing compact habit.

Azalea amoenat{ Philadelphus nana aurea
Hardy evergreen Azalea Golden Dwarf Mock Orange
Buxus suffruticosa t Deutzia gracilis
Dwarf Box Slender Deutzia
Ilex microphylla Rose Dwarf polyantha (in variety) *
Small-leaved Holly Fairy Rose
Berberis Thunbergii Thuya occidentalis globosat
Thunberg’s Barberry Globe Arborvitae
Rosa blanda* Daphne Mezereumt{
Meadow Rose Mezereon Daphne
Andromeda Japonicat Astilbe Japonica
Japanese Fetterbush Japanese Astilbe
Viburnum opulus nanum Ligustrum ibota Regelianum
Dwarf Cranberry Bush Regel’s Privet

Thuya occidentalis Tom Thumb
Tom Thumb Arborvitae

C. (As windbreaks and for solid screen effects).
Mostly rapid growing trees and shrubs which are entirely
hardy under all normal climatic conditions. They can be
planted in close proximity to each other, without injuring
the individual specimen, for the purpose that it is being
used. This close planting renders all such trees useless
for future specimen planting.

Populus (in variety) Picea (in variety)
Poplar Spruce

Salix (in variety) Tsuga Canadensis
Willow Canadian Hemlock

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[10]

PeeNban ds ye ANDY SoC APE. PoLAN'T. 1 NG

1. PLANTS FOR HEDGES (Continued)
C. (Continued)

Fagus ferruginea Carpinus Caroliniana
American Beech American Hornbeam or Blue
F eats Beech
ee Acer Tataricum
European Beech Tartarian Maple
Pinus strobus Acer dasycarpum pyramidalis
White Pine Pyramidal Silver Maple

D. (For privacy). This list consists of tall-growing
shrubs and a few trees (exceeding five feet in height) having
a heavy foliage character, compact in their habit of growth
and holding their foliage during the later summer and early
fall. (Largest of group).

Eleagnus angustifolia Ligustrum (in variety)
Russian Olive Privet
Forsythia intermedia Hibiscus syriacus
Hybrid Golden Bell Rose of Sharon
Forsythia viridissima Syringa vulgaris*
Dark Green Golden Bell Common Lilac
Spiraea Van Houttei* Fagus sylvatica
Van Houtte’s Spirea European Beech
Lonicera Tatarica Acer dasycarpum pyramidalis
Tartarian Honeysuckle Pyramidal Silver Maple
(Low-branched)
Rhamnus cathartica Viburnum (in variety)
Common Buckthorn Viburnum

Cornus Mas
Cornelian Cherry

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER

A. (As edging plants in perennial borders and pattern
bedding). This list contains perennials and annuals with
close growing, compact habit, thus forming a neat border
for walks and flower beds, or for matting purposes over an
area. Some of these are adapted to moist soil, and others
to dry soils, as specified by the two lists into which they
are divided.

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[11]

GENERAL LAN DS CA PE PL ANG

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued)

A. (Continued)

MOIST

Thymus serpyllum
Mother of Thyme
Veronica repens (and others)
Speedwell
Galax aphyllat
Galax
Helleborus niger
Christmas Rose
Vinca minor
Myrtle
Erica
Heath
Daphne Cneorum
Garland Flower
Euonymus radicans
Creeping Euonymus
Alyssum saxatile compactum
Gold Tuft
Phlox procumbens
Phlox
DRY
Arenaria
Tufted Sand Wort
Dendrium buxifolium
Sand Myrtle
Vinca minor
Periwinkle
Gaultheria procumbens
Wintergreen
Sedums
Stonecrops
Pachysandra terminalis
Japanese Spurge

Armeria maritima
Sea Thrift

Nepeta glechoma
Ground Ivy

Viola tricolor
Common Pansy

Viola cornuta
Tufted Pansy

Iberis sempervirens
Hardy Candytuft
Potentilla fruticosa
Shrubby Cinquefoil
Campanula Carpatica
Carpathian Harebell
Myosotis palustris
True Forget-me-not
Achillea tomentosa
Yellow Milfoil

Funkia
Day Lily

Phlox subulata
Moss Pink Phlox
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Bearberry
Mitchella repenst
Partridge Berry
Yucca filamentosa
Adam’s Needle
Dianthus plumarius
Scotch Pink
Dianthus deltoides
Maiden Pink

Cerastium tomentosum
Snow-in-Summer

NOTE:—All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months.
will occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[12]

BEB gNee ie nek hoA ND SiG A PE +P LAN Tl NG

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued)

B. (As ground cover plants in shady situations.)
This list contains only the more common types of perennials
and low growing shrubs, which are used for covering areas
under larger trees, or in situations heavily shaded by build-
ings. For supplementary information on general ground
cover plants for shady conditions, see List No. 20 “‘Perennials
valuable for ground cover in wild garden areas.”’

Hedera helix t Pachysandra terminalis
English Ivy Japanese Spurge

Vinca minor Mitchella repenst
Periwinkle Partridge Berry

Ajuga reptans Polygala paucifolia
Bugle Milkwort

Convallaria majalis Lysimachia nummularia
Lily-of-the-Valley Moneywort

Euonymus obovatus Hydrophyllum appendiculatum
Semi-Creeping Euonymus Water Leaf

Sanguinaria Canadensis Hydrophyllum Virginicum
Bloodroot Water Leaf

Cornus Canadensis Gaultheria procumbens
Bunch Berry Wintergreen

FERNS:

For dry shady places:

Asplenium ebeneum Asplenium Trichomanes
Rock Fern Evergreen Fern

Camptosorus rhizophyllus Polypodium vulgare
Walking-Fern Polypody

Woodsia obtusa Aspidium acrostichoides
Neat Fern Christmas Fern

Aspidium marginale Dicksonia punctilobula
Margined Fern Hay-scented Fern

Osmunda Claytoniana
Clayton’s Fern

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[13]

GENERAL. LANDSCAPE PL ANS

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued)

B. (As ground cover plants in shady situations.)
(Continued)
FERNS—Continued

For moist shady places:

Adiantum pedatum

Maiden-hair Fern
Aspidium acrostichoides

Christmas Fern
Aspidium marginale
Margined Fern

Aspidium cristatum

Dwarf Fern

Woodwardia Virginica

Virginia Chain Fern

Phegopteris hexagonoptera

Broad Beech Fern

Asplenium Felix-foemina
Lady Fern

C. (As ground cover on embankments and rocky
places). This list consists mostly of vines and shrubs
particularly adapted for this use. Embankments which are
composed of heavy soils, with moisture retaining qualities,
can be covered with any of the general shrub plantings.
For additional information on plants for rocky places, see
list No. 15.

SHRUBS
Rosa setigera Rubus crataegifolius
Prairie Rose Thorn-leaved Raspberry
Rhus glabra Symphoricarpos vulgaris
Smooth Sumac Indian Currant
Rhus aromatica Xanthorrhiza apiifoliat
Fragrant Sumac Yellow Root
Rhus typhina Genista tinctoria
Staghorn Sumac Butcher's Broom
Rhus copallina Myrica cerifera
Shining Sumac Bayberry
Kalmia angustifolia Myrica asplenifolia
Sheep Laurel Sweet Fern
Spiraea tomentosa Spiraea salicifolia
Hardhack Willow-leaved Spirea

Spiraea sorbifolia
Sorbe-leaved Spirea

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[14]

Gabe Nwtae Ak LAND SC APIE PLAN TIN:G

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued)

C. (As ground cover on embankments and rocky
places)—Continued.

PERENNIALS
Phlox subulata Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Moss Pink Bear Berry
Pachysandra terminalis Vinca minor
Japanese Spurge Periwinkle
VINES
Rosa Wichuraiana (and hybrids) Ampelopsis quinquefolia
Memorial Rose Virginia Creeper
Celastrus scandens Euonymus radicans
Bittersweet Creeping Euonymus
Celastrus orbiculatus Lycium vulgare
Japanese Bittersweet Matrimony Vine

Lonicera Halleana
Hall’s Honeysuckle

D. (As small-flowering and foliage plants for crevices
between stepping stones and for paved terrace areas). This
list is composed of very low growing perennials and annuals,
which may be planted in small soil pockets, between stepping
stones, in the crevices of walls, and between flagging on
paved terrace areas. Their use mostly is confined to relieving
the monotonous uninteresting effect of such areas, when
unplanted.

Sedum acre (and others) Armeria maritima
Stonecrop Sea Thrift

Phlox subulata Arabis albida
Moss Pink Rock Cress

Iberis sempervirens Saxifraga sarmentosa
Hardy Candytuft Aaron’s Beard

Dianthus deltoides Ceratostigma plumbaginoides
Maiden Pink Plumbago

Cerastium tomentosum Iris cristata
Snow-in-Summer Crested Iris

Nepeta glechoma Veronica rupestris
Catmint Speedwell

Vinca minor Iris pumila
Periwinkle Dwarf Flag

[15]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANG@ Ie

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued)

E. (As plants adapted to open sunny exposures). This
list contains perennials which will withstand extreme
exposure to the sun. Most of the plants in this group are
adapted to sandy and to light soil.

Onoclea Struthiopteris
Ostrich Fern
Yucca filamentosa
Adam’s Needle
Phlox subulata

Veronica repens
Creeping Speedwell

Cerastium tomentosum
Snow-in-Summer

Armeria maritima

Moss Pink Sea Thrift
Dianthus deltoides Sempervirum
Maiden Pink House Leek

3. PLANTS FOR BORDER PLANTING

A. (As masses for refined lawn areas). This list
consists of both low-growing and tall-growing shrubs, mostly
of the more hardy flowering type, neat in habit of growth,
compact in texture of foliage, and comparatively free from
the ravages of insects and scales.

LOW-GROWING SHRUBS

Deutzia gracilis Symphoricarpos vulgaris

Slender Deuztia Coral Berry

Kerria Japonica t Symphoricarpos racemosus
Globe Flower Snow Berry

Xanthorrhiza apiifoliat Myrica cerifera
Yellow-root Bay Berry

Spiraea Thunbergii Stephanandra flexuosa
Thunberg’s Spirea Stephanandra

Hypericum Moserianum t Berberis Thunbergii
Gold Flower Thunberg’s Barberry

Spiraea Anthony Waterer Callicarpa purpurea f
Anthony Waterer’s Spirea Beauty Fruit

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will

occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 16 ]

GENE RAL. LAND S'C A PE

PE AN: TT NvG

3. PLANTS FOR BORDER PLANTING (Continued)

A.

(As masses for refined lawn areas) —Continued.

MEDIUM-GROWING SHRUBS

Viburnum cassinoides
Withe-rod
Ligustrum ibota Regelianum
Regel’s Privet
Aralia pentaphylla
Five-leaved Angelica
Ribes aureum
Flowering Currant
Ligustrum Amurense
Amoor River Prive
Viburnum plicatum
Japanese Snowball

Spiraea Van Houttei*
Van Houtte’s Spirea

Rhodotypos kerrioides
White Kerria

Cornus (in variety) *
Dogwood

Forsythia suspensa
Drooping Golden Bell

Spiraea prunifolia*
Bridal Wreath

Viburnum dilatatum
Japanese Bush Cranberry

TALL-GROWING SHRUBS

Lonicera Tatarica

Tartarian Honeysuckle
Lonicera Morrowi

Japanese Bush Honeysuckle
Philadelphus coronarius

Common Mock Orange
Diervilla rosea

Rose-colored Weigela
Viburnum lentago

Sheep Berry

Viburnum opulus

Forsythia intermedia
Hybrid Golden Bell

Forsythia viridissima
Dark Green Golden Bell

Forsythia Fortunei
Fortune’s Forsythia

Syringa (in variety) *
Lilac

Viburnum lantana
Wayfaring Tree

High-Bush Cranberry

B.
shrubs).

(As masses consisting mostly of native collected
This list consists of shrubs indigenous to this

section of the country. Any of these types may as a rule

be collected in various localities.

These plants are adapted

to plantations on a large scale, which do not require the
feeling of formality or the refinement in detail produced by
shrubs in list No. 3-A

LOW-GROWING SHRUBS

Azalea nudiflora
Pinkster Flower

Symphoricarpos racemosus
Snowberry

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep

them entirely free from insects and scale.

[17 ]

GENERAL ‘LANDSCAPE PLAN ee

3. PLANTS FOR BORDER PLANTING (Continued)

B. (As masses consisting mostly of native collected
shrubs)—Continued.

LOW-GROWING SHRUBS—Continued

Azalea lutea Symphoricarpos vulgaris
Flame-colored Azalea Coral Berry
Azalea Vaseyi Callicarpa purpurea
Carolina Azalea Beauty Fruit
Spiraea tomentosa Rhus copallina
Steeple Bush Shining Sumac
Myrica cerifera Ceanothus Americanus
Bay berry New Jersey Tea
MEDIUM-GROWING SHRUBS
Dirca palustris Amorpha fruticosa
Leatherwood False Indigo
Roses* Berberis vulgaris
(in variety) Common Barberry
Azalea arborescens Sambucus racemosus
Fragrant Azalea Red-berried Elder
Clethra alnifolia Cornus (in variety) *
Sweet Pepper Bush Dogwood
Kalmias Rhododendrons
Laurel
Ilex glabra Sambucus Canadensis
Ink Berry American Elder
Euonymus Americanus Rhus aromatica
Strawberry Bush Fragrant Sumac
TALL-GROWING SHRUBS
Amelanchier Canadensis Aronia nigra
Shad Bush Black Chokeberry
Corylus Americana Aronia arbutifolia
Hazelnut Red Chokeberry
Crataegus (in variety) * Hamamelis Virginiana
Thorn Witch Hazel
Diervilla trifida Viburnum (in variety)

Bush Honeysuckle
Ilex verticillata
Winterberry

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[ 18 ]

Capone Rh Ag i AUN DSC, AP EE. P-L AN T-LNG

4. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR SPECIMEN USE
AND FOR ACCENT PURPOSES

These plants as a rule, should seldom be used in large
groups for mass planting effects. Their best effect is obtained
as single specimens or in groups of from one to three specimens
used entirely to produce an accent either by quality of
flowers, color of foliage, peculiar habit of growth, texture,
or color of twigs.

SHRUBS
Hibiscus syriacus Prunus amygdalus*
Rose of Sharon Flowering Almond
Diervilla amabilis variegatis Rhus cotinus
Variegated Weigela Smoke Tree
Hydrangea Sambucus aurea
Hydrangea Golden Elder
Euonymus alatus Cydonia (in variety) *
Winged Burning Bush Quince
Euonymus Europaeus Halesia tetraptera
European Spindle Tree Silver Bell
Chionanthus Virginica Berberis vulgaris purpurea
White Fringe Purple Barberry
Corylus maxima purpurea Cornus stolonifera lutea*
Purple Hazel Yellow-twigged Dogwood
Caragana arborescens Tamarix odessana
Siberian Pea Tree Tamarisk
Exochorda grandiflora Aesculus parviflora
Pearl Bush Dwarf Horse Chestnut
TREES
Acer polymorphum t Tilia argentea
Japanese Maple Silver Linden
Sorbus quercifolia Acer platanoides Schwedleri
Oak-leaved Mountain Ash Schwedler’s Purple Maple
Crataegus (in variety) * Aesculus (in variety)
Thorn Horse Chestnut
Cladrastis tinctoria Pyrus (in variety) *
Yellow-wood Crab
Magnolias (in variety) t Fagus (in variety)
Magnolia Beech

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (7), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[19 ]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANAR

TREES—Continued

Cercis Canadensis
Judas Tree
Juniperus Virginiana

Oxydendrum arboreum
Sourwood
Cornus florida

White-flowering Dogwood Red Cedar

Retinospora + Pinus (in variety)
Cypress Pine

Thuya (in variety) Taxus (in variety)
Arborvitae Yew

Picea (in variety) Abies (in variety)
Spruce Fir

Betula (in variety) Catalpa Bungei
Birch Round-leaved Catalpa

Morus pendula Populus alba Bolleana
Tea’s Weeping Mulberry Bolle’s Poplar

Quercus (in variety) Populus nigra fastigiata
Oak Lombardy Poplar

Prunus Pissardii Ulmus montana pendula
Purple-leaved Plum Camperdown Weeping Elm

5. TREES FOR STREET AND AVENUE PLANTING

This list includes only the more desirable trees, com-
monly used in avenue plantings.

A. Trees which are entirely hardy under all conditions.

Ulmus Americana
American Elm

Quercus rubra
Red Oak

Quercus coccinea
Scarlet Oak

B. Trees which should be selected with a thoro
knowledge of the conditions under which they are to be used.

Ginkgo biloba
Maidenhair Tree
Liriodendron tulipfera
Tulip Tree
Ailanthus glandulosa
Tree of Heaven
Celtis occidentalis
Nettle Tree or Hack Berry

Acer saccharum
Sugar Maple
Tilia vulgaris
Common Linden
Aesculus hippocastanum
Horse Chestnut

Platanus occidentalis
American Plane

Plantanus orientalis
Oriental Plane

Acer platanoides
Norway Maple

Liquidambar styraciflua
Sweet Gum

Quercus palustris
Pin Oak

All plants marked (}), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing,

[ 20 |

Gabbe PAN DS CAPE PLANTING

6. PLANTS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS TYPES OF SOIL
CONDITIONS

A. (Boggy and peaty soils). This list contains many

of the broad-leaved evergreens, none of which should ever

be planted in a limestone soil or watered with water from
a source where limestone is present.

BOGGY SITUATIONS

Ulmus Americana Quercus bicolor
American Elm Swamp White Oak
Acer rubrum Salix (in variety)
Red Maple Willow
Betula nigra Alnus incana
Red Birch Speckled Alder
Nyssa sylvatica Cephalanthus occidentalis
Sour Gum Button Bush
Chamaecyparis thyoides Itea Virginica
White Cedar Virginian Willow
Alnus rugosa Salix tristis
Smooth Alder Dwarf Gray Willow
Ilex verticillata Thuya occidentalis
Winterberry Arborvitae
Aronia arbutifolia Larix Americana
Red Chokeberry American Larch

Taxodium distichumt
Bald Cypress

PEATY SITUATIONS

Rhododendrons

Kalmia latifolia Xanthorrhiza apiifoliat
Mountain Laurel Yellow-root

Kalmia angustifolia Andromeda floribunda
Lambhkill Fetterbush

Rhodora Canadensis Ledum latifolium
Canadian Rhodora Labrador Tea

B. (Light sandy soils). This list consists of the very
hardy types of trees and shrubs which flourish under poor
soil conditions. Plants for seashore plantings may be
obtained from this list.

TREES
Juniperus Virginiana Quercus rubra
Red Cedar Red Oak
Robinia pseudacacia
Black Locust

All plants marked (jf), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[21 ]

GENERAL LANDS CAP EY Pb AANea eee
6. PLANTS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS TYPES OF SOne
CONDITIONS (Continued)

B. (Light sandy soils)—Continued.
TREES—Continued

Pinus Austriaca
Austrian Pine

Pinus strobus
White Pine

Pinus sylvestris
Scotch Pine

Rhus aromatica
Fragrant Sumac
Salix tristis
Dwarf Gray Willow
Hamamelis Virginiana
Witch Hazel
Caragana arborescens
Siberian Pea Tree
Rhamnus cathartica
Buckthorn
Azalea nudiflora
Pinkster Flower
Cytisus scoparius
Scotch Broom
Mahonia aquifolium
Oregon Grape
Prunus maritima*
Beach Plum

Lycium vulgare __
Matrimony Vine

C. (Heavy clay soils).

Cornus florida
Flowering Dogwood
Pyrus baccata*
Crab
Pinus rigida
Pitch Pine

SHRUBS

Rosa rugosa
Ramanas Rose
Myrica cerifera
Bayberry
Juniperus communis
Common Juniper
Vaccinium corymbosum
Huckleberry
Symphoricarpos vulgaris
Coral Berry
Spiraea Van Houttei*
Van Houtte’s Spirea
Hydrangea paniculata gr. fl.
Large-flowering Hydrangea
Comptonia asplenifolia
Sweet Fern
Hippophae rhamnoides
Sea Buckthorn

VINES

Lonicera Halleana
Hall’s Honeysuckle

The plants in this list are

better adapted to heavy soils than those in the preceding
list, but should nevertheless be given good drainage in

clay soils.
TREES

Tsuga Canadensis Abies balsamea
Canadian Hemlock Balsam Fir

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[ 22 ]

CepenNPerreAak Lo A“N,D-S°C A PE PLANTING

65 “PLANTS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS TYPES OF SOIL
CONDITIONS (Continued)

C. (Heavy clay soils) —Continued.
TREES—Continued

Abies Nordmanniana
Nordman’s Fir

Acer saccharum
Sugar Maple

Acer rubrum

Picea excelsa
Norway Spruce

Thuya occidentalis
American Arborvitae

Catalpa bignonioides

Indian Bean Red Maple
Abies Larix Americana

Fir American Larch
Pinus strobus Fagus

White Pine Beech

SHRUBS

Diervilla trifida
Bush Honeysuckle

Viburnum dentatum
Silver Bell Arrow wood

Corylus avellana Berberis Thunbergii
Filbert Thunberg’s Barberry

Calycanthus floridus Hamamelis Virginiana
Sweet-scented Shrub Witch Hazel

Cornus Sibirica
Siberian Red Osier

Halesia tetraptera

VINES

Lonicera Halleana .
Hall's Honeysuckle

Wistaria Chinensis
Chinese Wistaria

fooweeNtS FOR EXPOSED LAKE FRONT AND
RIVER BORDER CONDITIONS

This list includes the most hardy types of trees and
shrubs. All of these have been known to withstand severe
exposure on seashore and lake shore frontage thru the
northeastern United States. They are used frequently in

planting steep slopes.
TREES

Acer Ginnale
Siberian Maple

Betula alba

European White Birch

Alnus glutinosa
Black Alder

Caragana arborescens
Siberian Pea Tree

[ 23 ]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN DV

TREES—Continued

Betula populifolia Juniperus communis Hibernica
American Birch Trish Juniper
Crataegus coccinea* Populus balsamifera
Scarlet Thorn Balsam Poplar
Crataegus oxycantha* Populus Carolinensis
May Thorn Carolina Poplar
Eleagnus angustifolia Juniperus Virginiana
Russian Olive Red Cedar
Ulmus Americana Pinus Austriaca
American Elm Austrian Pine
Pyrus baccata* Pinus rigida
Flowering Crab Pitch Pine
Fraxinus Americana Pinus sylvestris
White Ash : Scotch Pine
Robinia pseudacacia Pinus mughus
Black Locust Dwarf Pine
Picea excelsa Sorbus Americana
Norway Spruce Mountain Ash
Picea alba Quercus macrocarpa
White Spruce Mossy Cup Oak

Salix vitellina
Golden Willow

SHRUBS
Syringa vulgaris* Rhamnus cathartica
Common lilac Buckthorn
Philadelphus coronarius Symphoricarpos occidentalis
Mock Orange Western Snowberry
Ribes floridum* Viburnum opulus
Flowering Currant High Bush Cranberry
Cornus alba Sibirica Berberis vulgaris
Siberian Oster Common Barberry
Eleagnus argentea Rhus typhina
Silver Thorn Staghorn Sumac
Spiraea tomentosa Rhus glabra
Hardhack . Smooth Sumac
Spiraea sorbifolia Rhus aromatica
Sorbe-leaved Spirea Fragrant Sumac
Myrica cerifera Rosa rugosa
Bayberry Wrinkled Japanese Rose

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[ 24 ]

eerie ae. E.AIND-S'C APE PLAN TING

7 PLANTS FOR EXPOSED LAKE FRONT AND
RIVER BORDER CONDITIONS (Continued)

Vitis
Grape Vine
Lycium vulgare
Matrimony Vine
Smilax rotundifolia
Bull Brier

VINES

Lonicera Halleana
Hall’s Honeysuckle

Ampelopsis quinquefolia
Virginia Creeper

Celastrus scandens
American Bittersweet

Euonymus radicans
Creeping Euonymus

8. PLANTS FOR PARTIALLY SHADED AND
HEAVILY SHADED SITUATIONS AS
UNDER LARGE TREES ON LAWNS

This list consists of lower growing types of trees and

shrubs, which are adapted to heavy shade. Some of these
will flourish much better in the shade than in exposed

conditions.
Calycanthus floridus
Sweet-scented Shrub
Cornus florida
Flowering Dogwood
Symphoricarpos vulgaris
Coral Berry
Symphoricarpos racemosus
Snowberry
Kalmia latifolia
Mountain Laurel
Taxus Canadensis
Canadian Yew
Acer Pennsylvanicum
Striped Maple
Amelanchier Canadensis
Shad Bush
Ceanothus Americanus
New Jersey Tea
Rhodotypos kerrioides
White Kerria
Tsuga Canadensis
Canadian Hemlock
Cornus alternifolia
Alternate-leaved Dogwood

Diervilla trifida
Bush Honeysuckle

Cornus (in variety)
Dogwood
Cornus Mas
Cornelian Cherry
Ligustrum (in variety)
Privet
Clethra alnifolia
Sweet Pepper Bush
Azalea (in variety)
Azalea
Viburnum acerifolium
Maple-leaved Viburnum
Viburnum lentago
Sheepberry
Viburnum alnifolium
Hobble-bush
Viburnum dentatum
Arrow-wood
Viburnum opulus
Bush Cranberry

Hamamelis Virginiana
Witch Hazel

[ 25 |

GENERAL LANDSCAPE. PLA Ae

9. PLANTS FOR UNDERGROWTH PLANTATIONS
IN WOODED AREAS

This list consists of material, which in general, can be
collected from the woods. It is valuable as background
for perennial wild-garden planting and for undergrowth
screen in wooded areas. For information supplementing
this list concerning perennials valuable for ground cover
in wooded areas, see list No. 20.

A. SHRUBS AND SMALL TREES

Cornus alternifolia Ceanothus Americanus
Alternate-leaved Dogwood New Jersey Tea
Tsuga Canadensis Rubus odoratus
Canadian Hemlock Flowering Raspberry
Cornus florida Calycanthus floridus
Flowering Dogwood Sweet Scented Shrub
Hamamelis Virginiana Abies balsamea
Witch Hazel Balsam Fir
Ostrya Virginiana Philadelphus inodorus
Hop Hornbeam Scentless Mock Orange
Acer saccharum Staphylea trifolia
Sugar Maple American Bladder-nut
Carpinus Caroliniana Aronia arbutifolia
Blue Beech Red Chokeberry
Viburnum acerifolium Aronia nigra
Maple-leaved Viburnum Black Chokeberry
Clethra alnifolia Leucothoe Cataesbaei
Pepper Bush Cataesby’s Leucothoe
Ilex verticillata
Winterberry
B. GROUND COVER PLANTS
Ajuga reptans Vinca minor
Bugle Periwinkle
Convallaria majalis Hedera helixt
Lily-of-the-Valley English Ivy
Euonymus obovatus Hypericum kalmianum
Semi-creeping Euonymus St. John’s Wort
Euonymus radicans Polypodium vulgare
Creeping Euonymus Polypody
Dicksonia punctilobula Aster ericoides
Hay-scented Fern Wood Aster

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 26 |

Seen nt LN DSCAPE PLAN TING

9. PLANTS FOR UNDERGROWTH PLANTATIONS
IN WOODED AREAS (Continued)

B GROUND COVER PLANTS—Continued.

Osmundia Claytoniana
Clayton’s Fern
Aspidium acrostichoides
Christmas Fern
Aspidium marginale
Margined Fern
Viola Canadensis
Canadian Violet
Viola cucullata
Common Violet

Chimaphila maculata
Spotted Wintergreen

Hepatica triloba
Hepatica or Liverwort

Podophyllum peltatum
Mandrake

Trillium (in variety)
Wake Robin

Geranium maculatum
Crane’s Bill

Anemone Pennsylvanica

Windflower

10. PLANTS FOR HEAVY FORMAL EFFECTS

Consisting of trees and shrubs with upright, compact
form. These plants are well suited for points of emphasis

in formal garden developments.

The plants in groups

No. 10 and 11 should be mixed only after very careful study.

Juniperus Virginiana
Red Cedar

Juniperus Virginiana glauca
Blue Virginia Cedar

Juniperus Virginiana Schotti
Schott’s Red Cedar

Thuya occidentalis pyramidalis
Pyramidal Arborvitae

Taxus Hibernica
Trish Yew

Sciadopitys verticillata
Umbrella Pine

Picea excelsa pyramidalis
Pyramidal Norway Spruce

Juniperus communis Hibernica
Trish Juniper

Juniperus communis Suecica
Swedish Juniper

Carpinus betulus
European Hornbeam
Quercus robur pedunculata
English Oak
Populus nigra Italica
Italian Lombardy Poplar
Betula alba fastigiata
Pyramidal White Birch
Populus alba Bolleana
Bolle’s Poplar
Cercidiphyllum Japonicum
Kadsura Tree
Acer dasycarpum pyramidalis
Pyramidal Silver Maple
Hibiscus syriacus
Rose of Sharon
Catalpa Bungei
Bunge’s Catalpa

[27 |

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN fhe

11. PLANTS FOR NATURAL INFORMAL EFFECTS

These plants are quite the opposite to those in list
No. 10. Irregular in outline, loose in texture and habit of
growth, they are not adapted in general to produce the neat
lines of foliage required in formal developments.

Forsythia suspensa Robinia pseudacacia
Drooping Golden Bell Black Locust
Tamarix gallica Cornus (in variety)*
French Tamarisk Dogwood
Hippophae rhamnoides Deutzia (in variety)
Sea Buckthorn Weigela (in variety)
Rhus cotinus Philadelphus grandiflorus
Smoke Bush Large-flowered Mock Orange
Chionanthus Virginica Rosa rugosa
White Fringe Wrinkled Japanese Rose
Salix Babylonica Spiraea Van Houttei*
Weeping Willow Van Houtte’s Spirea
Amelanchier botryapium Viburnum opulus
Service Berry High Bush Cranberry
Cerasus avium fl. pl.* Lonicera Tatarica
European Double-flowering Tartarian Honeysuckle
Cherry Native Rhododendron
Laburnum vulgare Rhus (in variety)
Golden Chain Sumac
Sambucus Canadensis Ribes*
Elder Flowering Currants
Symphoricarpos racemosus
Snowberry

12. PLANTS VALUABLE BECAUSE OF Ta
AUTUMN COLORATION OF LEAVES

This list consists of trees and shrubs which brighten the
landscape at the end of the growing season. No reference
in this list is made to trees and shrubs whose leaves merely
turn brown in the fall. Many of these types can be used
for specimen and accent purposes. (See list No. 4.)

EARLY
Acer negundo Liquidambar styraciflua
Box Elder Sweet Gum
Acer rubrum Sassafras officinalis
Red Maple Common Sassafras

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[ 28 ]

Sener eA LS LAN DSC APE PLA-NTING

12. PLANTS VALUABLE BECAUSE OF THE AU-
TUMN COLORATION OF LEAVES (Continued)

EARLY—Continued.

Rhus typhina Acer saccharum
Staghorn Sumac Sugar Maple
Betula lutea Acer rubrum
Yellow Birch Red Maple
MEDIUM
Ampelopsis quinquefolia Nyssa sylvatica
Virginia Creeper Sour Gum
Quercus rubra Berberis Thunbergii
Red Oak Thunberg’s Barberry
Fraxinus Americana Vaccinium corymbosum
White Ash Huckleberry
Viburnum acerifolium Rhus aromatica
Maple-leaved Viburnum Fragrant Sumac
Viburnum dentatum
Arrow-wood
LATE
Quercus coccinea Ginkgo biloba
Scarlet Oak Maidenhair Tree
Cornus florida Euonymus Europaeus
White-flowering Dogwood European Spindle Tree
Cladrastis lutea Forsythia viridissima
Yellow-wood Dark Green Forsythia
Mahonia aquifolium Euonymus alatus
Oregon Grape Winged Spindle Tree
Hamamelis Virginiana Oxydendrum arboreum
Witch Hazel Sourwood

13. PLANTS FOR DIFFERENT FLOWERING
ERFECTS

A. (Producing flowers in early spring before the leaves
appear). The types of trees and shrubs included in this list
are necessarily few in number. They add greatly to land-
scape plantings by shortening the so often uninteresting
period just previous to the time when the leaves break.
These specimens should seldom be used in large mass effects.

Cornus Mas Forsythia suspensa
Cornelian Cherry Drooping Golden Bell

[ 29 ]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN Tee

Magnolia stellata
Starry Magnolia
Cercis Canadensis
Red Bud
Cornus florida
White-flowering Dogwood
Halesia tetraptera
Silver Bell
Benzoin odoriferum
Spice Bush
Azalea lutea
Flame* Azalea

Forsythia (in variety)
Golden Bell
Prunus triloba*
Flowering Plum
Prunus (in variety)*
Plum
Amelanchier botryapium
Service Berry
Mahonia aquifolium
Oregon Grape
Azalea Vaseyi
Vasey’s Azalea

Azalea nudiflora

Pinkster Flower

B. (Producing flowers in early spring immediately

after the leaves appear).

Thru a careful selection of plants,

the season of bloom with flowering trees and shrubs can be

made almost continuous.

Only the trees and shrubs pro-

ducing an abundance of flowers are listed in this group.

Crataegus (in variety)*
Thorn

Azalea mollis
Japanese Azalea

Spiraea Thunbergii
Thunberg’s Spirea

Spiraea prunifolia*
Bridal Wreath Spirea

Syringa (in variety) *
Lilac

Sambucus Canadensis
Elder

Rhodotypos kerrioides
White Kerria

Exochorda grandiflora
Pearl Bush
Viburnum plicatum
Japanese Snowball
Viburnum (in variety)
Viburnum
Lonicera fragrantissima
Early Fragrant Honeysuckle
Robinia pseudacacia
Black Locust
Prunus Japonica fl. pl.*
Double-flowered Almond
Halesia tetraptera
Silver Bell

_C. (Producing flowers during the summer months).
This is probably the largest group of flowering trees and
shrubs. This list may be used freely for flowering effects

during June and July.

Cladrastis tinctoria
Yellow-wood

Spiraea Van Houttei*
Van Houtte’s Spirea

Koelreuteria paniculata
Varnish Tree

Diervilla hybrida
Hybrid Weigela

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep

them entirely free from{insects and scale.

[ 30 ]

Peer de Ack: MS AON DOS -CAsP Eo PLAN T ING

13. PLANTS FOR DIFFERENT FLOWERING
EFFECTS (Continued)

C. (Producing flowers during the summer months) —

Continued.

Kalmia latifolia
Mountain Laurel

Rhododendrons
Hybrid Varieties

Oxydendrum arboreum
Sourwood

Roses*
(in variety)

Philadelphus (in variety)*
Mock Orange

Syringa (in variety) *
Lilac

Callicarpa purpurea
Beauty Fruit
Rosa rugosa
Japanese Rose
Deutzia (in variety)
Hydrangea (in variety)
Cornus (in variety)
Dogwood
Viburnum (in variety)
Viburnum
Spiraea (in variety) *
Spirea

D. (Producing flowers in late summer and during
autumn). There are comparatively few shrubs which
produce an interesting flowering effect during the later
summer months and the early autumn. All of these shrubs

are entirely hardy.

Spiraea Billardi
Billard’s Spirea
Spiraea Anthony Waterer
Crimson Spirea
Hibiscus syriacus
Rose of Sharon
Hydrangea paniculata gr. fl.
Large-flowered Hydragen
Potentilla fruticosa
Shrubby Cinquefoil
Symphoricarpos vulgaris
Coral Berry

Baccharis halimifolia
Groundsel Bush
Hamamelis Virginiana
Witch Hazel
Kerria Japonica
Globe Flower
Hypericum (in variety) ¢
Hypericum
Clethra alnifolia
Pepperbush
Symphoricarpos racemosus
Snowberry

E. (Producing flowers in reds and pinks).
EARLY-FLOWERING TYPES

Magnolia Soulangeana t+
Soulange’s Magnolia
Cercis Canadensis
Red Bud

Pyrus angustifolia*
Narrow-leaved Crab
Pyrus coronaria*
Wild Crab Apple

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep

them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will

occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[31 ]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN

Cornus florida rubra
Red Flowering Dogwood
Prunus Japonica
Japanese Plum
Prunus Persica vulgaris*
Common Peach
Prunus tomentosa*
Japanese Plum
Kalmia angustifolia
Sheep Laurel

Pyrus floribunda*
Flowering Crab
Pyrus Halleana*
Parkman’s Crab
Azalea nudiflora
Pinkster Flower
Azalea Vaseyi
Carolina Azalea
Rhodora Canadensis
Rhodora

LATE SPRING AND SUMMER FLOWERING TYPES

Diervilla rosea
Rose-colored Weigela

Spiraea Anthony Waterer
Crimson Spirea

Rosa rugosa rubra
Japanese Rose

Spiraea tomentosa
Hardhack

Roses (in variety)

F. (Producing yellow flowers)
EARLY-FLOWERING TYPES
Forsythia (in variety) Lonicera fragrantissima
Golden Bell Fragrant Honeysuckle

Jasminum nudiflorum Ribes aureum*
Yellow Jasmine Flowering Currant

Berberis (in variety) Eleagnus angustifolia

Barberry Russian Olive
Benzoin odoriferum Eleagnus longipes
Spice Bush Japanese Oleaster

Cornus Mas

Cytisus scoparius
Cornelian Cherry

Scotch Broom
LATE SPRING AND SUMMER-FLOWERING TYPES

Colutea arborescens
Bladder Senna

Harrison’s Yellow Roset
Yellow Rambler Rose

Persian Yellow Rose

Azalea calendulacea
Flame Azalea

Caragana arborescens
Siberian Pea Tree

Kerria Japonica ft

Globe Flower
Hypericum (in variety) } Koelreuteria paniculata
Hypericum Varnish Tree

Laburnum vulgare Potentilla fruticosa
Golden Chain Shrubby Cinquefoil
NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 32 |

SeeeNetoh A LEAN DSCA PE PLAN TING

13. PLANTS FOR DIFFERENT FLOWERING
EFFECTS (Continued)

G. (Producing white flowers)
EARLY-FLOWERING TYPES

Cornus florida Spiraea Van Houttei*

Flowering Dogwood Van Houtte’s Spirea
Prunus (in variety)* Crataegus (in variety) *

Plum Thorn
Halesia tetraptera Azalea viscosum

Silver Bell Swamp Azalea
Spiraea Thunbergii Viburnum (in variety)

Thunberg’s Spirea Viburnum
Chionanthus Virginica Lonicera Morrowi

White Fringe Morrow’s Honeysuckle

Cornus (in variety) *
Dogwood
LATE SPRING AND SUMMER-FLOWERING TYPES

Rhodotypos kerrioides Spiraea prunifolia*

White Kerria Bridal Wreath
Philadelphus (in variety) Aesculus parviflora

Mock Orange Dwarf Horse Chestnut
Hydrangea (in variety) Rhododendron (white)

Deutzia (in variety)

Cladrastis tinctoria Clethra alnifolia

Yellow-wood Pepper Bush
Robinia pseudacacia Rosa alba*

Black Locust Whiteflowered Rose
Rosa multiflora Rosa lucida*

Japanese Climbing Rose White-flowered Glossy Rose
Sambucus racemosus Sambucus Canadensis

Red-berried Elder American Elder
Spiraea opulifolia Ligustrum (in variety)

Ninebark Privet

14. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR THE
CHARACTERISTICS. OF THEIR FRUIT

These lists include trees and shrubs which bear fruit
singularly interesting for landscape effects. There are many
other shrubs which bear fruit which is not interesting from a
landscape standpoint because of no marked characteristic.

NOTE:—All plants marked(*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[ 33 |

GENERAL LANDS CAPE PUAN

A. (Producing fruit of peculiarly interesting form
or size)

Toxylon pomiferum* Gleditsia triacanthos
Osage Orange Honey Locust
Magnolia acuminata Gymnocladus Canadensis
Cucumber Tree Kentucky Coffee Tree
Asimina triloba Liquidambar styraciflua
Paw-Paw Sweet Gum
Platanus orientalis Liriodendron tulipifera
Button-Ball Tree Tulip Tree
Cephalanthus occidentalis Catalpa speciosa
Button Bush Western Catalpa

Fruit trees in general

B. (Producing fruit valuable for its color effects)

Berberis (in variety) Celastrus scandens
Barberry Bittersweet Vine
Cotoneasters Ilex opaca ft
Cotoneasters American Holly
Crataegus (in variety)* Ilex verticillata
Thorn Winterberry
Eleagnus longipes Ilex crenatat
Japanese Oleaster Japanese Holly
Euonymus Americanus Lonicera Morrowi
Strawberry Bush Morrow’s Honeysuckle
Euonymus alatus Lonicera Tatarica
Winged Burning Bush Tartarian Honeysuckle
Myrica cerifera Rhodotypus kerrioides
Bayberry White Kerria
Rhus glabra Sambucus racemosus
Smooth Sumac Red-berried Elder
Rhus typhina Sambucus Canadensis
Staghorn Sumac Common Elder
Rosa blanda* Sorbus aucuparia
Meadow Rose European Mountain Ash
Rosa rugosa Symphoricarpos vulgaris
Wrinkled Japanese Rose Indian Currant
Rosa multiflora Symphoricarpos racemosus
Japanese Climbing Rose Snowberry

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 34 ]

eek ALD LANDSCAPE PLAN TING

14. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR FRUIT (Continued)

Rosa rubiginosa Viburnum opulus

Sweet Brier High Bush Cranberry
Pyracantha coccinea t Viburnum lentago

Evergreen Thorn Sheepberry
Ligustrum (in variety) Viburnum lantana

Privet Wayfaring Tree
Callicarpa purpurea Cornus (in variety)

Purple-Fruited Beauty Fruit Dogwood

C. (Producing fruit valuable during the winter months)

Berberis (in variety) Rhodotypos kerrioides

Barberry White Kerria
Celastrus scandens Rhus glabra

Bittersweet Vine Smooth Sumac
Crataegus (in variety)* Rhus typhina

Thorn Staghorn Sumac
Ilex opaca ft Rosa rugosa

American Holly Wrinkled Japanese Rose
Ilex verticillata Rosa blanda*

Winterberry Meadow Rose
Myrica cerifera Rosa multiflora

Bayberry Japanese Climbing Rose
Ligustrum ibota Viburnum opulus

Ibota Privet High Bush Cranberry
Ligustrum vulgare Pyracantha coccineat

European Privet Evergreen Thorn

D. (Producing fruit valuable for attracting birds)
a. Fruit in summer

Morus rubra Gaultheria procumbens
Red Mulberry Wintergreen
Prunus (in variety)* Aralia pentaphylla
Plum Five-leaved Aralia
Amelanchiers (in variety) Ampelopsis quinquefolia
Service Berry Virginia Creeper
Rubus (in variety) Fragaria Virginiana
Raspberry Strawberry
Sambucus (in variety) Benzoin odoriferum
Elder Spice Bush
Vaccinium (in variety) Cerasus serotina*
Blue Berry Wild Cherry
Cornus alternifolia Cerasus padus*
Alternate-leaved Dogwood European Bird Cherry
Cornus sericea* Pyrus (in variety)
Silky Dogwood Chokeberry

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[35 ]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PEAN Tae

a. Fruit in summer—Continued

Viburnum (in variety) Lonicera (in variety)
Viburnum Honeysuckle
Vitis Symphoricarpos (in variety)
Grape Coral Berry and Snow Berry
Crataegus (in variety)
Thorn
b. Holding fruit into winter months
Cornus florida Sorbus Americana
Flowering Dogwood Mountain Ash
Juniperus Virginiana Betula lenta, lutea, and alba
Red Cedar Birch
Rhus (in variety) Diervilla hybrida
Sumac Wetgela (in variety)
Chionanthus Virginica Myrica cerifera
White Fringe Bayberry
Tsuga Canadensis Lonicera (in variety)
Canadian Hemlock Honeysuckle
Ilex verticillata Symphoricarpos (in variety)
Winter Berry Snow Berry and Coral Berry
Viburnum (in variety)
Viburnum

E. (Producing fruit which makes the plant unde-
sirable in landscape planting).

Ginkgo biloba Gleditsia triacanthos
Maidenhair Tree Honey Locust

Aesculus hippocastanum Catalpa (in variety)
Common Horse Chestnut Catalpa

Ailanthus glandulosa Nut Trees (in variety)

Tree of Heaven

15. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR USE IN RO@GE
GARDENS AND IN JAPANESE GARDENS

This list consists of trees, shrubs and perennials, which
are dwarf in habit of growth and sometimes picturesque in
character. Many of the perennials included in this list
are adapted to the poorer soil conditions.

EVERGREENS
Rhododendron ferrugineum Picea excelsa Gregoriana
Rusty-leaved Rhododendron Gregory’s Spruce
Pinus mughus Juniperus Sabina
Dwarf Pine Savin Juniper
Andromeda floribunda Juniperus communis
Mountain Fetterbush Common Juniper
Buxus suffruticosa Juniperus communis tamariscifolia
Dwarf Box Tamarisk-leaved Juniper
Erica vagans Taxus baccata repandens
Cornish Heath Spreading Yew

[ 36 |

Seen A ob AN DSC APE PLAN TING

is) PLANTS VALUABLE FOR USE IN ROCK
GARDENS AND IN JAPANESE GARDENS (Continued)

EVERGREENS—Continued
Daphne Cneorum Taxus cuspidata
Garland Flower Japanese Yew
Retinospora obtusa nana aurea Retinospora obtusa nana
Dwarf Golden Japanese Cypress Dwarf Japanese Cypress
, DECIDUOUS TREES AND SHRUBS
Azalea mollis Hypericum Moserianumt
Japanese Azalea Gold Flower
Azalea nudiflora Lonicera Alberti
Pinkster Flower Large-Fruited Honeysuckle
Deutzia gracilis Philadelphus corinarius nanus
Slender Deutzia Dwarf Mock Orange
Euonymus obovatus Rhodora Canadensis
Running Strawberry Bush Rhodora
Acer polymorphum Viburnum opulus nanum
Japanese Maple Dwarf Cranberry Bush

Cotoneaster horizontalis
Prostrate Cotoneaster

PERENNIALS
Achillea Boule de Neige Iberis sempervirens
Ball of Snow Hardy Candytuft
Alyssum saxatile compactum Phlox subulata
Golden Tuft Moss Pink
Arabis alpina nana compactis Sedum sexangulare
Dwarf Rock Cress Dark Green Stonecrop
Campanula Carpatica Sedum spectabile
Carpathian Harebell Brilliant Stonecrop
Cerastium tomentosum Thalictrum aquilegifolium
Snow-in-Summer Meadow Rue
Lychnis viscaria splendens Saxifraga cordifolia
Double-flowered Lychnis Saxifrage
Aquilegia Canadensis Sedum acre
Columbine Stonecrop
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Tunica saxifraga
Bear Berry : Tunica
Dianthus plumarius Vinca minor
Scotch Pink Periwinkle
Dodecatheon meadia Veronica repens
Shooting Star Creeping Speedwell

_ All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 37 |

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PEA N 4.

Anemone Pennsylvanica

Silene maritima

Windflower Catchfly
Mitchella repenst Silene Pennsylvanica
Partridge Berry Wild Pink
16. PLANTS FOR USE IN CONGESTED Cit
DISTRICTS

Atmospheric conditions existing in the more intensely
developed portions of the residence, apartment house and
factory districts, require a careful selection of plants to
withstand these conditions. This list contains trees and
shrubs which may be used with a large degree of certainty
under normal city conditions. Collected native stock
should never be immediately transferred to city atmosphere.

TREES
Ailanthus glandulosa Crataegus (in variety)*
Tree of Heaven Thorn
Platanus orientalis Cercis Canadensis
Oriental Plane Judas Tree
Ginkgo biloba Pinus mughus
Maidenhair Tree Dwarf Pine

Quercus palustris
Pin Oak

Aesculus hippocastanum
Common Horse Chestnut

Ulmus campestris
English Elm

Fraxinus (in variety)
Ash

Salix (in variety)
Willow

Robinia pseudacacia
Black Locust

Ligustrum (in variety)
Privet

Rhamnus (in variety)
Buckthorn

Syringa vulgaris*
Common Lilac

Pinus sylvestris
Scotch Pine
Picea pungens
Colorado Blue Spruce
Thuya occidentalis
American Arborvitae
Juniperus Virginiana
Red Cedar
Abies concolor
Silver Fir
Tilia Europaea
European Linden

SHRUBS

Viburnum (in variety)
Viburnum

Symphoricarpos (in variety)
Symphoricarpos

Forsythia (in variety)
Golden Bell

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 38 ]

Peer eee LANDSCAPE. PLANTING

16: PLANTS EOR USE IN CONGESTED CITY
DISTRICTS (Continued).

SHRUBS (Continued)

Spiraea (in variety) * Cornus (in variety)
Spirea Dogwood

Hibiscus syriacus Euonymus Americanus
Rose of Sharon Strawberry Bush

Berberis Thunbergii
Thunberg’s Barberry

7. VINES FOR VARIOUS USES

The following lists show various groups of vines which
are valuable for various uses. The list in (B) is complete.
With careful selection under widely varying conditions a
more general use of vines can be made than shown in these
lists.

A. (Valuable for their flowering effect):

Roses Wichuraiana Hybrids Tecoma radicans
Memorial Rose American Trumpet Vine
Clematis (in variety) Wistaria (in variety)
Clematis Wistaria
Lonicera (in variety) *
Honeysuckle

B. (Valuable for their use on brick, stone, and masonry
walls, and wood structures):
Schizophragma hydrangeoides Ampelopsis Engelmanni
Climbing Hydrangea Engelmann’s Ampelopsis
Euonymus radicans Hedera helixt
Climbing Euonymus English Ivy
Ampelopsis Veitchi
Boston Ivy
C. (Valuable because of their vigorous climbing habits
and heavy foliage effects):

Clematis paniculata Ampelopsis quinquefolia
Japanese Clematis Virginia Creeper
Euonymus radicans Wistaria (in variety)
Climbing Euonymus Wistaria
Celastrus scandens Aristolochia sipho
American Bittersweet Dutchman’s Pipe
Lonicera (in variety) Tecoma radicans
Honeysuckle American Trumpet Vine

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 39 ]

GENERAL LAN DSiCA PE, PAN eee

D. (Valuable because of fruiting characteristics):

Akebia quinata
Five-leaved Akebia
Clematis paniculata
Japanese Clematis
Celastrus scandens
American Bittersweet
Roses (in variety)

Lycium vulgare
Matrimony Vine
Ampelopsis quinquefolia
Virginia Creeper
Solanum dulcamara
Woody Night Shade
Actinidia polygama
Dark-leaved Silver Vine

E. (Valuable because of their fast-growing character):

Humulus Japonicus
Japanese Hop

Lonicera Halleana
Hall's Honeysuckle

Actinidia polygama
Dark-leaved Silver Vine

Clematis paniculata
Japanese Clematis

Tecoma radicans
Trumpet Vine

Aristolochia sipho
Dutchman’s Pipe

Pueraria Thunbergiana f
Kudzu Vine

18. PLANTS OF FAST-GROWING TYPES VALUABLE
FOR PRODUCING SCREEN EFFECTS
SOON AFTER PLANTING

This list of materials enables the designer to quickly
cover or screen undesirable objects. Such plants in general,
should be considered only temporary in character, until
the more permanent and slower growing types have devel-
oped. This list includes vines shown under No. 17-E.

TREES
Pinus sylvestris Catalpa speciosa
Scotch Pine Indian Bean
Picea excelsa Toxylon pomiferum *
Norway Spruce Osage Orange
Acer dasycarpum Robinia pseudacacia
Silver Maple Black Locust
Populus (in variety) Ailanthus glandulosa
Poplar Tree of Heaven
Salix (in variety) Acer negundo
Willow Box Elder
SHRUBS

Spiraea opulifolia
Ninebark
Sambucus Canadensis

Ligustrum Amurense
Amoor River Privet

Cornus Sibirica*
Siberian Dogwood

Cornus stolonifera*
Red Osier Cornel

NOTE:—All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep
them entirely free from insects and scale.

[ 40 ]

Elder
Philadelphus grandiflorus
Large-flowered Mock Orange

PeeoveeceA reAINeD SCA PE PLAN TING

19. PLANTS ADAPTED FOR TRANSPLANTING AT
SPECIFIC SEASONS OF THE YEAR

This list includes two groups; a group which should
be planted in the fall and a group which should be planted
in the spring. Results may be obtained with extra care
thru fall planting or spring planting in either instance.
The plants indicated in this group, however, develop much
more readily if transplanted at the season indicated.

FOR FALL PLANTING

Paeonies (in variety) Most native perennials

Papaver orientale Most coniferous evergreens
Oriental Poppy (Aug.-Sept.)

Liliums (in variety) Most deciduous vines

Trillium Most deciduous shrubs

Blood Root Most small fruits

Solomon’s Seal
FOR SPRING PLANTING

Rhododendrons Ericaceous plants, all sorts
Calycanthus floridus Rosa rugosa
Strawberry Bush Wrinkled Japanese Rose
Crataegus (in variety) Stephanandra flexuosa
Thorns Stephanandra
Hibiscus syriacus Tamarix gallica
Rose of Sharon French Tamarisk
Kerria Japonica t+ Viburnum tomentosum plicatum
Globe Flower Japanese Snowball
Benzoin odoriferum Hedera helix t
Spice Bush English Ivy
Magnolia glauca Liriodendron tulipifera
Sweet Bay Tulip Tree
Rhus aromatica Morus rubra
Sweel-scented Sumac Red Mulberry
Acer dasycarpum Anemone Japonica
Silver Maple Japanese Windflower
Cornus florida Taxus (in variety)
Flowering Dogwood Yew
Populus (in variety) Fagus sylvatica
Poplar Beech
Andromedas Chrysanthemums
Azaleas Kalmias

_ All plants marked (+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

Vase)

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN WiGaee

20. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR NATURALIZING
IN WILD GARDEN AREAS

TALL-GROWING TYPES

Anemone Pennsylvanica Asclepias tuberosa
Windflower Butterfly Weed
Aquilegia Canadensis Liatris pycnostachia
Native Columbine Blazing Star
Cimicifuga racemosa Aster corymbosus
Snakeroot Aster
Lobelia cardinalis Solidago Canadensis
Cardinal Flower Goldenrod
Spiraea filipendula Aster ericoides
Herbaceous Meadowsweet Aster
Digitalis purpurea Tradescantia
Foxglove Spiderwort
Hemerocallis (in variety) Actaea alba
Day Lily White Baneberry
Eupatorium purpureum Aster cordifolius
Eupatorium Starwort Aster
Helianthus (in variety) Smilacina racemosa
Perennial Sunflowers False Spikenard
Phlox divaricata Osmunda (in variety)
Wild Sweet William Ferns
Aquilegia vulgaris Thalictrum
Common Columbine Meadow Rue
Dicksonia punctilobula Lychnis (in variety)
Hay-scented Fern Lychnis
Monarda (in variety)
Bee-balm
LOW-GROWING TYPES
Trillium grandiflorum Phlox subulata
Trillium Moss Pink
Hepatica triloba Primula
Liver Leaf Primrose
Viola Canadensis Polygonatum biflorum
Canadian Violet Solomon’s Seal
Aspidium marginale Viola canina
Evergreen Wood Fern Dog-toothed Violet
Heuchera sanguinea Myosotis palustris
Coral Bell Forget-me-not
Oenothera biennis Claytonia Virginica
Evening Primrose Spring Beauty
Convallaria majalis Mitchella repenst
Lily-of-the-Valley Partridge Berry

All plants marked (f+), unless protected during the severe winter months, will
occasionally be subject to winter killing.

[ 42 ]

Pence Ak LAN DSC A PE PLAN TING

21. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR DIFFERENT

PURPOSES

A. (Standard types of hardy perennials for general use):

Iris

Iris
Phlox

Phlox
Paeonia

Peony
Delphinium

Larkspur
Campanula

Harebell
Viola

Violet

Aquilegia

Columbine
Lilium

Lily
Aster

Aster
Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum
Spiraea

Spirea
Dianthus

Pinks

Windflower

B. (Perennials valuable for cut-flowers):

Achillea Boule de Neige
Ball of Snow
Anemone Japonica
Japanese Windflower
Astilbe Japonica
Japanese Astilbe
Boltonia asteroides
False Chamomile
Chrysanthemum
Pompom varieties
Coreopsis lanceolata
Lance-leaved Tickseed
Delphinium formosum
Showy Larkspur
Dianthus barbatus
Sweet William
Gaillardia aristata
Blanket Flower

Gypsophila paniculata
Baby’s Breath

Helianthus (in variety)
Sunflower

Heuchera sanguinea
Coral Bells

Iris Germanica
German Iris

Paeonies (in variety)
Peony

Phlox paniculata
Garden Phlox

Pyrethrum roseum
Feverfew

Veronica (in variety)
Speedwell

Digitalis
Foxglove

C. (Perennials valuable for early spring gardens):

Adonis vernalis
Pheasant’s Eye

Aquilegia Canadensis
Columbine

Dianthus barbatus
Sweet William

Iberis sempervirens
Evergreen Candytuft

[ 43 |

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN eee

Iris cristata
Crested Iris

Anemone Pennsylvanica

Canadian Windflower

Astilbe Japonica
Japanese Astilbe

Myosotis palustris

True Forget-me-not
Paeonia officinalis

Double-flowering Peony
Trollius Europaeus

Orange Globe

Bellis perennis
English Daisy

D. Perennials valuable for their summer flowering

effect):

Clematis recta
Herbaceous Clematis
Coreopsis lanceolata
Lance-leaved Tickseed
Delphinium formosum
Showy Larkspur
Gaillardia aristata
Blanket Flower
Hemerocallis
Day Lily
Iris Germanica
German Iris

Phlox paniculata
Garden Phlox
Paeonia Chinensis
Chinese Peony
Funkia subcordata
White-flowered Day Lily
Platycodon grandiflorum
Balloon Flower
Pyrethrum roseum
Feverfew
Veronica longifolia subsessilis
Japanese Speedwell

Iris laevigata
Japanese Iris

E. (Perennials valuable for their fall flowering effect):

Aster amellus
Dwarf Aster
Aster Novae Angliae
New England Aster
Aster (in variety)
Aster
Boltonia asteroides
False Chamomile
Campanula pyramidalis
Chimney Bellflower
Anemone Japonica
Japanese Windflower
Chrysanthemum
(Hardy types)

Clematis Davidiana
David’s Clematis
Helenium autumnale
Sneeze Wort
Helianthus rigidus
Sunflower
Lobelia cardinalis
Cardinal Flower
Kniphofia pfitzeri
Red-hot_ Poker
Solidago (in variety)
Golden Rod
Salvia Greggil
Salvia

bes |

week AL LANDSCAPE PLANTING

21. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR DIFFERENT
PURPOSES (Continued)

F. (Perennials with blue flowers):

Vinca minor
Periwinkle
Viola cornuta
Violet
Viola odorata
Scented Violet
Scilla Sibirica
Squill
Monarda fistulosa
Bee Balm
Aster Novae Angliae
New England Aster
Iris pallida dalmatica
Dalmatian Iris
Iris Sibirica
Siberian Iris
Baptisia Australis
False Indigo
Campanula pyramidalis
Chimney Bell Flower

Anchusa Italica
Italian Alkanet
Veronica longifolia subsessilis
Japanese Speedwell
Myosotis palustris semperflorens
True-forget-me-not
Aquilegia caerulea
Rocky Mountain Columbine
Delphinium formosum
Showy Larkspur
Delphinium elatum
Bee Larkspur
Salvia pratensis
Meadow Sage
Aconitum napellus
Monkshood
Platycodon
Balloon Flower
Campanula Carpatica
Carpathian Bell Flower

G. (Perennials with white flowers).

Achillea Boule de Neige
Ball of Snow
Anemone Japonica
Japanese Windflower
Arabis albida
Rock Crest
Astilbe Japonica
Japanese Astilbe
Campanula persicifolia alba
Peach Bells
Chrysanthemum maximum
Chrysanthemum
Delphinium grandiflorum album
Chinese Larkspur
Funkia subcordata
White-flowered Day Lily
Gypsophila paniculata
Baby’s Breath

Narcissus poeticus
Narcissus

Paeonies (in variety)
Peony

Phlox paniculata (in variety)
Garden Phlox

Trillium grandiflorum
Wake Robin

Viola cornuta alba
Horned Violet

Eupatorium ageratoides
White Snakeroot

Phlox subulata alba
White Moss Pink

Spiraea aruncus
Goat's Beard

Iberis sempervirens
Evergreen Candytuft

[ 45 |

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN Fale

H. (Perennials with pink and white flowers):

Anemone Japonica-Alice Dianthus deltoides
Japanese Windflower Maiden Pink

Armeria maritima-Lauchiana Dianthus plumarius
Sea Thrift Scotch Pink

Astilbe Chinensis Lilium speciosum roseum
Chinese Astilbe Japanese Pink Lily

Phlox subulata Lilium speciosum Melpomene
Moss Pink Melpomene Lily

Phlox paniculata (in variety) Papaver orientale-Blush Queen
Garden Phlox Oriental Poppy

Daphne Cneorum Paeonia (in variety)
Garland Flower Peony

I. (Perennials with red flowers):

Tritoma pfitzeri Dicentra spectabilis
Red-hot Poker Bleeding Heart

Tulipa (in variety) Heuchera sanguinea
Tulip Coral Bells

Paeonies (in variety) Aquilegia formosa hybrids

Phlox (in variety) Columbine

Lilium pardalinum Aquilegia Canadensis
California Lily American Columbine

Lilium tenuifolium Papaver orientale
Siberian Coral Lily Oriental Poppy

Lychnis viscaria splendens Geranium sanguineum
Ragged Robin Crane’s Bill

Penstemon barbatus Lobelia cardinalis
Beard Tongue Cardinal Flower

J. (Perennials which should not be used in small
refined formal garden areas). So often in small formal
gardens, one finds the garden overrun with large stock.
There are a few varieties of perennials which should con-
sistently be avoided in developing the small formal flower
garden. If used, these perennials will produce a loose,
rampant and ragged effect not in keeping with the neat
lines desired in a small refined garden.

Physostegia Virginica Rudbeckia laciniata
False Dragonhead Golden Glow
Bocconia cordata Rudbeckia maxima
Plume Poppy Large Coneflower
Helenium autumnale superbum Spiraea gigantea
Yellow Star Siberian Goat's Beard

[ 46 |

Siete ak LANDSCAPE PLANTING

21. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR DIFFERENT
PURPOSES (Continued)

Hibiscus moscheutos
Marsh Mallow

Althaea rosea
Hollyhock

Helianthus (in variety)
Sunflower

Solidago (in variety)
Goldenrod

Liatris pycnostachya
Blazing Star

Asters (in variety)

Stenanthium robustum
Mountain Fetterfleece
Arundo donax
Giant Reed
Eulalias (in variety)
Plume Grasses
Boltonia asteroides
False Chamomile
Astilbe grandis
Large-flowered Astilbe
Aconitum Wilsoni
Wilson’s Monkshood

22. ANNUALS AND PERENNIALS ESPECIALLY
VALUABLE FOR CUT-FLOWERS

(Under No. 21-B, is given a list of perennials valuable
for cut-flowers. This list contains in addition, a number
of perennials and annuals which should be considered in
designing the cut-flower garden).

Zinnias
Asters—late branching

Calliopsis—Crown of Gold
Chickseed
Sweet Peas
Arctolis grandis
African Daisy
Calendula
Pot Marigold

Poppies—single and double
Scabiosa

Mourning Bride
Verbena
Pansy
Schizanthus

ANNUALS

Cosmos
Eschscholtzia

California Poppy
Gaillardia

Blanket Flower
Helianthus

Single Sunflowers
Heliotrope

Marigold—African varieties
Papaver nudicaule

Iceland Poppy
Ageratum
Salpiglossis

[47 ]

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLAN fee

PERENNIALS
Antirrhinum Centaurea—double blue
Snapdragon Cornflower
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Mignonette
Shasta Daisy Digitalis
Delphinium—Larspur Foxglove
Gypsophila

Baby’s Breath

Zo, LIS OF BULBS

These lists contain only the standard types of bulbs,
from which to select in developing the ordinary bulb
plantings. As a check on heights of bulbs and character
of flowers, refer to ‘““The Blue Book of Bulbs,”’ published
by C. J. Hunt, Montclaire, N. J.

A. (For use in refined lawn and garden areas):

Crocus speciosus Scilla Sibirica
Fall Flowering Siberian Squill
Crocus sativus Muscari botryoides
Fall Flowering Grape Hyacinth
Crocus Narcissus—Single Yellow
Spring Blooming Narcissus—Bicolor Trumpet
Galanthus nivalis Narcissus—Poeticus types
Snowdrop Hyacinth (in variety)
Chionodoxa luciliae Puschkinia Libanotica
Glory-of-the-Snow Striped Squill

B. (For naturalizing in woodland and wild garden
areas) :

Narcissus Poeticus Leucojum carpaticum
Narcissus Leedsii amabilis Snowflake
Narcissus Trumpet Major Helleborus niger
Anemone (bulbous forms) Christmas Rose

5 Lilium auratum
Yellow Lily Leek Gold Banded Lily

[48]

Zorn Aer EAN DSCAPE PLANTING

Zo. “LIST-OF BULBS (Continued)

B. (For naturalizing in woodland and wild garden
areas) Continued.

Eranthis hymenalis Lilium Canadense
Winter Aconite Wood Lily
Erythronium Canadensis Lilium candidum
Adder Tongue Madonna Lily
Frittilaria meleagris Lilium Harrisonii
Frittillaria Spotted Lily
Camassia esculenta Lilium speciosum
Wild Hyacinth Japanese Lily
Convallaria majalis Lilium tigrinum
Lily-of-the-Valley Tiger Lily
Scilla campanulata Trillium erectum
Squill Wake Robin
Ornithogalum umbellatum Trillium grandiflorum
Star of Bethlehem Large Wake Robin

24. EVERGREENS MOST GENERALLY USED IN
OHIO CLIMATE

This list of evergreens which will withstand the cli-
matic conditions and the soil conditions in the middle west,
especially thruout Ohio, is limited. This list contains
standard types which, with normal care, and average
exposure, in suburban and country districts will flourish.

Pinus strobus Abies concolor
White Pine White Fir
Pinus resinosa Thuya occidentalis (in variety)
Red Pine American Arborvitae
Pinus Austriaca Thuya Sibirica
Austrian Pine Siberian Arborvitae
Pinus sylvestris Retinospora pisifera
Scotch Pine Pea-fruited Cypress
Pinus cembra Retinospora plumosa
Swiss Stone Pine Plume-like Cypress

[ 49 |

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLA Nees

Pinus mughus Retinospora squarrosa
Dwarf Pine Veitch’s Silver Cypress

Sciadopitys verticillata Retinospora obtusa
Umbrella Pine Japanese Cypress

Picea excelsa Juniperus (in variety)
Norway Spruce Juniper

Picea alba Taxus baccata repandens
White Spruce English Yew

Picea pungens glauca Taxus cuspidata brevifolia
Koster’s Blue Spruce Japanese Yew

Picea Engelmanni Tsuga Canadensis
Engelmann’s Spruce Canadian Hemlock

25. EVERGREENS WHICH SHOULD NOT BE USED
IN OHIO CLIMATE

There are a few evergreens which should under no
conditions, be used in the amateur’s garden. Either because
of climatic conditions, or soil conditions, they will either
die or become “‘shabby”’ within the first few years.

Abies Nordmanniana Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana
Nordman’s Fir Lawson’s Cypress

Abies balsamea Pieca excelsa
Balsam Fir Norway Spruce

Abies Fraseri Cephalotaxus (in variety)
Fraser’s Balsam Fir

Many refined types of Thuya and Retinospora

[ 50 |

een RAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING

26. PLANTS FOR WINDOW BOXES

A. South or West Exposure

Cardinal Geranium—S. A. Nutt Swainsona galegifolia alba
Scarlet Geranium—Bruant Dwarf Blue Ageratum

Salmon double Geranium—Beaute Nepeta Glechoma
Poitevine Ground Ivy

Salmon single Geranium—Mrs. E. White Petunias

G. Hill Dark and Light Crotons
White Snapdragon

White Phlox—Drummondi

Mauryandra Vine

Ivy-leaf Geranium—variegated

Heliotrope
B. East Exposure
Tuberous Begonia Solanum Jasminoides
; Jerusalem Cherry Vine
Nasturtium
; Ivy-leaf Geranium
Heliotrope Souv de Chas. Turner
Petunia Kenilworth Ivy
White Snapdragon Ferns—many sorts
Vinca variegated
C. North Exposure
Trailing Fuchsia Dwarf Ageratum
Nepeta Glechoma Ivy-leaf Geranium
Boston Ferns and others Asparagus Sprengeri
Caladiums Morning Glory

Vinca variegated

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