Past and present of Alameda County, California

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PAST AND PRESENT

OF

ALAMEDA COUNTY

CALIFORNIA

VOLUME II

ILLUSTRATED

CHICACiO

THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING COMPANY
1914

1131898

FKAXK K. MOTT

BIOGRAPHICAL

FRANK K. MOTT.

Among the prominent and representative men of Alameda county
none stands higher nor possesses a wider circle of friends than Frank
K. Mott, the mayor of Oakland. A self-made man who, by his
natural leadership, initiative and unswerving principles of honor,
has risen from humble station through the several positions of mes-
senger boy, clerk, merchant, real-estate dealer, member of city coun-
cil and several times mayor of Oakland. In every capacity he has
measured up to the highest standards of efficiency and more than
satisfied the expectations of his friends and party.

Frank K. Mott was born in San Francisco, January 21, 1866. His
parents, Peter D. and Fannie K. Mott were from New York state
and settled in San Francisco at an early day. Leaving school at the
age of twelve years and working as a messenger boy for the Western
Union and American District Telegraph Company, his education was
of necessity very limited. However in a year's time he had advanced
to the position of clerk and collector for the company, and he
remained there for four years, at the end of which time he entered
the employ of George S. Brown, a hardware merchant of Oakland.

When he was twenty- two years of age Mr. Mott entered into
partnership with A. E. Howard and together they succeeded to a
part of the business. This firm continued for eleven years when
Mott bought his partner out and became sole proprietor. In Janu-
ary, 1907, he sold his mercantile business and founded the well known
firm of Frank K. Mott Company, real-estate brokers, whose extensive
dealings and manifold improvements have helped so materiallv
toward a greater Oakland.

In the meantime, in 1897, he was appointed to the city council and
chairman of the committee on finance by Mayor Pardee, afterward
governor of California. In this capacity he served for two years,
the last year of which time he was president of the council. In 1899
he was elected on the republican ticket to the council again. Another
honor was bestowed upon him in 1905 when he was elected mayor of

6 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

Oakland on the republican ticket, having also received endorsement
of the democratic party and the Municipal League. He was elected
again in 1907 to succeed himself, being a candidate of all parties.
Since then two elections have been held, in 1909 and 191 1, and he
has been reelected both times.

Mr. Mott is a member of the Nile and Athenian Clubs, and
is active in Masonic, Elk, Knights of Pythias, Moose and Native
Sons orders. He has also served on the republican state central com-
mittee. He is organizer, president and stockholder of the Frank
K. Mott Company and several allied corporations. He is director
in the Security Bank & Trust Company and was president of the
League of California Municipalities.

Mr. Mott was married in 191 1 to Mrs. Gertrude Bennett.

HON. CHARLES FREDERICK HORNER.

On the roster of county officials of Alameda county appears the
name of Hon. Charles Frederick Horner, who, following a period
of efficient and capable service as a member of the board of super-
visors, was in 191 1 elected county assessor. He is a native son, born
in Irvington, Alameda county, November, 1858, his father, the late
W. Y. Horner having been one of the well known figures in the
pioneer days of California. He came to the Pacific coast around the
Horn in 1849 and became prominently identified with the develop-
ment of San Francisco in early times, laying out the first addition to
the city, which was known as Horner's Addition, and controlling
about two hundred and thirteen thousand acres of land in tlie state.

Charles F. Horner acquired his early education in the public
schools and later attended Washington college. Early in his career
he became interested in the business of refining sugar and lias made
a comprehensive study of every branch and department of this
industry. He was for many years manager of one of the largest
sugar plantations in the Hawaiian islands located at Lahaina, Mani.
Starting in with a very modest position at this plantation, he exhibited
such business acumen and earned such a reputation for integrity and
responsibility that he soon won the confidence of the capitalists who
had invested in the enterprise and was steadily promoted, being
finally given full supervision of the property. He took an active part
in public affairs while a resident of the Hawaiian islands and in 1887

HISTORY OF ALA:\IEDA COUNTY 7

and 1888 served as a member of the legislature under the reform
movement.

Mr. Horner was elected a member of the board of supervisors
of Alameda county in 1900 and served in this capacity for eleven
years, his continued reelection to office being the best proof of his
acceptability to the people. His tireless efforts and conscientious
work in behalf of progress and general improvement, particularly in
regard to the betterment of the roads and public highways, soon
gained for him an enviable reputation for well directed activitv in
office.

Improvements along these lines had his particular attention as a
member of the board, and it is largely owing to his influence that
Alameda county enjoys its excellent system of roads. In addition to
this Mr. Horner was a strong advocate for better bridges and suc-
ceeded, among other things, in obtaining for the county the modern
steel bridge in Niles canyon. As presiding member of the board he
always showed a constant courtesy and impartiality to petitioners, to
his fellow board members and to the public at large. In August,
iQii, after the conviction of Henry P. Dalton, county assessor, the
board of supervisors appointed Mr. Horner to fill the vacancy, and
he has since served in this office, discharging his duties in his usual
prompt and systematic manner.

Mr. Horner is well known in fraternal circles, being a Knight
Templar Mason, a member of the Order of Elks, the Odd Fellows,
the Woodmen of the World, the Knights of Pythias, the Native Sons
of the Golden West and the Druids. He holds membership also in
the Nile Club of Oakland. He is a progressive and public-spirited
citizen, a business man of unusual insight and ability and a conscien-
tious and capable official, and he holds the confidence and good-will
of all who are in any way associated with him.

PERRY A. HAVILAND.

One of the most valued and representative citizens of Oakland
is Perry A. Haviland, well known in official circles in Alameda
county from his many years of continuous service in the department
of engineering with which he is still connected as county survevor.
He was born in Fort Dodge, Iowa, September 8, 186^, and there
ac(]uired a public-school education, later entering the Iowa State
University where he took a thorougli engineering course. After

8 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTV

finishing his studies at the university he was tendered a position with
the Union Pacific Railway Company in the engineering department
and after several years' satisfactory service with them came to Cali-
fornia. He established a private engineering office in San Luis
Obispo and for two years did work of various kinds in line with his
profession, serving as consulting engineer, draftsman, and in similar
capacities. Following this he came to Oakland, where he took up his
residence. At about this time he accepted a position in the citv
engineer's office, where he remained for several years.

Mr. Haviland has been connected with the department of
engineering in various capacities in Alameda county for the past
eighteen years. As county surveyor he has conducted the work of
his office in a businesslike and systematic manner, and the public is
to be congratulated in securing the services of a man of his broad
experience, integrity and unquestioned ability in the engineering
department of the county. He is uniformly courteous and prompt
in his business transactions and in his dealing with his associates and
office staff. The best proof of his popularity is the fact that he has,
for two elections, received the indorsement of both the republican and
democratic parties and at the last election was nominated by the
republican, democratic and union labor parties. Mr. Haviland has
recently had supervision of some very important public work. The
county boulevard, which was planned by him, is widely known as one
of the finest works of its kind in the state.

Mr. Haviland's marriage to Miss Anna Knight of San Francisco,
who comes from a prominent English family, took place in that
city in 1891;. There are two children in the family, Marian, a
daughter of eighteen and a son Carlton, aged fourteen.

Mr. Haviland has had to make his own way in the world and
is what is generally called a self-made man. During his long resi-
dence in Oakland he has become well liked in both his social and
business intercourse and has many firm friends throughout the county.

ALAMEDA COl NTY ABSTRACT COMPANY.

The Alameda County Abstract Company, one of tiie leading busi-
ness concerns of its kind in this part of California, was established
in 1878. Wright anci Lvnch being the founders and owners. After
a few years the concern was purchased by William drier, who con-
ducted it until icioi.whcn lohn McCarthy became tlic owner. Since

HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY 9

that time he has been associated with W. H. Waste in the conduct of
this enterprise, Mr. McCarthy being its president and Mr. Waste
vice president. Under its present management the business has had
a remarkable growth and is now the leading abstract company in
Alameda county. When Mr. McCarthy assumed control in 1901
about fifty orders a month were received by the house. The monthly
average today is five hundred and fifty orders and the entire business
has expanded proportionately. The Alameda County Abstract Com-
pany purchased the plant of the Oakland Title & Abstract Company
two years ago and is the only company in the county that has a com-
plete title plant which enables it to do thorough and reliable work.
The concern is well managed along progressive and modern lines and
is a valuable contribution to the business resources of the city and
county.

John McCarthy, president of the Alameda County Abstract Com-
pany, came to Berkeley in 1873, later removing to Oakland, where he
now resides, honored and respected by all who know him. He has
been in the abstract business for eighteen years and understands it in
principle and detail, his experience and knowledge being salient ele-
ments in his success. He has always taken an active interest in com-
munitv afifairs, being in heartv sympathy with all movements to
advance the permanent interests of the city. He has won a wide
circle of friends, who hold him in the highest estimation for the many
sterling traits of character which he has evidenced in many ways,
throughout his long career as a citizen of Alameda county.

JAMES B. BARBER.

The worth and fidelity of James B. Barber in positions of public
trust is evidenced by the fact that since 1888 he has been continuously
in public office and since 1894 has served by reelection as tax collector
of Alameda county. He was born in Marysville, this state, Novem-
ber 9, 1850, and is a son of Arthur S. and Elmira (Burton) Barber,
who came to Alameda, Alameda county, in 1853. In that city James
B. Barber was reared and educated, attending public school until he
was fifteen years of age at which time he laid aside his books and
began his business career, working as a clerk in his fathers grocery
store and continuing there until he was twenty years of age. Being
ambitious for a broader field of activity he learned telegraphy and
was afterward for three years and a half in the employ of the Southern

10 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Pacific Railroad as operator, proving conscientious, prompt and able
in the discharge of his duties. He resigned this position in order to
go into business for himself, turning his attention to dealing in wood
and coal in Alameda and building up a large and profitable enter-
prise along this line, a liberal patronage being accorded him in recog-
nition of his upright and honorable business methods and his earnest
desire to please his patrons.

Mr. Barber sold out his business interests at the end of three years
and came to Oakland, accepting the appointment of deputy county
tax collector, a position which he filled so ably and efficiently that in
1888 he was elected tax collector of Alameda county. He served
two years and at the end of his term was elected city treasurer of
Alameda, an office which he held until 1894. I" th^ latter year he
was again elected county tax collector, and he has served continuously
since that time, his excellent record proving his business ability, fore-
sight and discrimination.

In Alameda on the 25th of December, 1878, Mr. Barber married
Miss Anna M. Cook, and both are well known in the city where they
make their home as people of genuine personal worth and many fine
qualities of mind and character. Mr. Barber is prominent in fra-
ternal circles, being past master of Oak Grove Lodge, No. 215, F. and
A. M., past president of Halcyon Parlor, Native Sons of Alameda
and past chancellor of Alameda Lodge, No. 49, K. P. He belongs
.also to the Order of the Eastern Star and is a member of the Unitarian
club. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, and
he has always been stanch in his support of its principles and policies,
upholding them both as a private citizen and as a public official. In
the city where he has resided since the beginning of his public career,
he is well known and deservedly popular, commanding the respect,
esteem and confidence of all with whom he is in any way associated.

HON. JOSEPH R. KNOWLAND.

Hon. Joseph R. Knowland is the present representative of his
district to the sixty-third United States congress, having been elected
to that office by virtue of his previous excellent work in various fields
of public service. He is, moreover, numbered among the distin-
guished citizens of California because of the prominence he has
attained in promoting the permanent interests of the state along all
lines and by reason of the extent and importance of his business con-

KXdWl.AXI

HISTORY OF AI,AMKDA COUNTY 13

nections. He is identified with industrial, commercial and financial
enterprises, the successful conduct of which indicates his keen sagacity
and unfaltering enterprise.

Mr. Knowland was born in Alameda, August 5, 1873, and is a
representative of a well known pioneer family of this state. His
father, Joseph Knowland, settled in California in the early days and
was one of the most prominent and successful business men of Ala-
meda county, being one of the leading lumbermen of the Pacific
coast.

Following the completion of a public-school education Joseph R.
Knowland attended Hopkins Academy and the University of the
Pacific, after which he became associated with his father in the
lumber industry and in the latter's various shipping interests. He
began at the bottom and rose steadily, learning the business in prin-
ciple and detail and becoming soon a valuable assistant to his father.

Later, however, he turned his attention to public affairs and here
found his chosen field of work, for he early manifested ability as a
politician and an intelligent interest in matters of community develop-
ment. He was only twenty-five years of age when he was elected to
the assembly from the forty-seventh district by a majority of fifteen
hundred votes and he served with credit and ability both at the
regular session of 1899 and the extra session of 1900, during which he
was chairman of the committee on commerce and navigation. So
acceptable was his work to the people of his district that in 1900 he
was reelected by a majority of two thousand and during his term of
service was appointed chairman of a special committee to investigate
the police department of San Francisco. As a result of disclosures
made in the course of this investigation Mr. Knowland introduced
legislation, now on the statute books, prohibiting Chinese slave girl
traffic in San Francisco.

In 1902 Mr. Knowland was elected to the state senate from the
fourteenth district by a majority of twenty-eight hundred votes and
he served in an eflicient and capable manner as chairman of the com-
mittee on banking. During his entire legislative career he was identi-
fied with all movements calculated to improve public morals and
elevate the standard of citizenship and his courage and integrity as
well as his ability led to his nomination in 1904 to fill out the unex-
pired term in the fifty-eighth congress of Hon. Victor H. Metcalf,
who had been appointed secretary of commerce and labor. His elec-
tion to the fifty-ninth congress followed by a plurality of seventeen
thousand, three hundred and eighty-four votes and he was later
reelected to the sixtieth congress and again to the sixtv-third, being

14 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

now a member of the house. His continued return to office speaks
eloquently of his services for the state and is a tribute to his integrity,
intelligence and public spirit. As a member of the committee on
interstate and foreign commerce Mr. Knowland has taken an active
interest in legislation connected with the Panama canal and he led
the fight on the floor of the house for free tolls for American ships
on the coastwise trade. He has at all times favored movements which
would allow the United States to get the fullest possible benefit from
the canal, voting in favor of a provision in the Panama canal bill pre-
venting railroads owning or controlling steamships from operating
through the canal, where they compete with railroad lines in traffic.
Never being content without exact and comprehensive knowledge of
the subject on which he is working, Mr. Knowland made four trips
to the canal during its construction, has studied methods and condi-
tions there and can speak with authority on everything connected
with its building and use. Among other important legislation with
which he has been connected was the bill to suppress the white slave
traffic and it was he who recently introduced bills to enlarge the pro-
vision of the present act relating to this. In the natural course of
advancement he is now a candidate for the senate. He is of the con-
scientious type of public men, ever holding to his ideals and principles
without swerving. He is not only a patriotic x\merican but an ultra
loval Californian, with an intimate knowledge of the state's needs.
Mr. Knowland has had extensive and important business affilia-
tions, being president and a director of the Gardiner Mill Company;
a director in the Kennedy Mine & Milling Company; a member of
the Gas Consumers Association of the United States; and a director
in the Alameda National Bank and the Union Savings Bank of Oak-
land. He is thoroughly alive to the interests of the city and com-
iiuinity and can always be counted upon to further any plan for their
material development.

Mr. Knowland married Miss Ella Fife and of the children born
to them two are still living. Mrs. Knowland passed away in July,
iqo<S, and her death was sincerely mourned by a wide circle of friends
in Oakland, to whom her culture and refinement as well as her many
excellent qualities of character had greatly endeared her.

Mr. Knowland is well known in various fraternal organizations,
being a life member of the Masonic body; past master of Oak Grove
Lodge, No. 215. F. & A. M.; Alameda chapter, Oakland com-
mandery, Oakland consistory and Islam Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.
He also belongs to the Klks and the Woodmen and for eight years
served as grand officer of the Native Sons of the Golden West, of

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 15

which he is now past grand president. Early in his career Mr.
Knowland became interested in the preservation of the landmarks,
relics and other mementos of the early history of California and
ardently participated in movements for the restoration of the old
missions and other structures of the pioneer period. He delivered
illustrated lectures in over twenty states on this subject and con-
tributed greatly toward raising public sentiment to the necessity of
preserving the landmarks of the first European occupation on these
shores. He is now president of the California Landmarks League.
His interests are varied and all along lines of progress and improve-
ment. He is a broad-minded man who places a correct valuation
upon life, its opportunities and its privileges, and in the course of a
useful and honorable career has wrought along lines of the greatest
good to the greatest number, his activities in various fields proving
of great benefit to the community at large. He stands today among
the most honored and eminent residents of Alameda countv.

JUDGE E. M. GIBSON.

The life of Judge E. J\L Gibson of Oakland has been so varied
in its activities, so high in its purposes and so far-reaching in its
effects, that it is difficult to state which of its phases has been most
directly beneficial, for at different periods he has proved himself a
patriot, jurist, statesman, philosopher and philanthropist, and at all
times an honorable and worthy man and a loyal citizen. During
a period of connection with the legal profession in Oakland dating
from 1874, he has risen to a place of honor and distinction in this
field, but it does not by any means limit the scope of his interests
which extend to every phase of municipal development or public
growth.

Judge Gibson is a native of Indiana, and was born on a farm in
Hamilton county on the 13th of June, 1842. He is a representative
of one of the oldest southern families, the members of which have
been prominent in North Carolina for many generations. He is
descended from Quaker lineage. From North Carolina his paternal
granii father, Thomas Gibson, was a volunteer soldier in the con-
tinental army of the Revolutionary war, rendering distinguished
service as a cavalryman. After receiving an honorable discharge he
made his home in that state until his death. He wedded a Miss
Crothers and their son, George (iibson, father of the subject of this

16 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

review, was born in North Carolina and went to Indiana as one
of the early pioneers of the latter state. George Gibson married
Mary Winslow, daughter of Eleazer Winslow, a descendant of an
old Massachusetts family of Winslows, one of whom was at one time
governor of that state. The Winslows were Quakers for generations
and left their native Massachusetts to become residents of the south.
Judge Gibson's great-grandfather Winslow, was a sea captain of
Nantucket, Massachusetts, sailing the high seas in his own ship for
many years. When he retired because of approaching old age he'
purchased a large tract of land in North Carolina where he estab-
lished his home, and the family became prominent among the wealthy
and aristocratic people of that locality. The Winslow family were
intimately related with the Stantons, also Quakers of North Caro-
lina, Elizabeth Stanton being the maternal grandmother of our sub-
ject and Edwin M. Stanton, who was secretary of war under Lincoln,
was a member of the same family.

Judge Gibson acquired his early education in the crude log school-
house, so representative of that early day, in his native county, which
was supplemented by a course at a Quaker seminary. Upon the out-
break of the Civil war, being a patriotic lad, he enlisted in Company

A, Nineteenth Indiana (Volunteer) Infantry, under Colonel Sol
Meredith, and went with his company into camp in Indianapolis.
From there it was sent to Washington, D. C, and later to Arlington
Heights, Virginia, where Judge Gibson served under General George

B. McClellan. He saw a great deal of active service, participating
in many of the most important engagements of the war, including the
battles of Gainesville, Second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain,
Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. He
was with General Pope's army on its retreat from the Rapidan to
Washington when it was under fire much of the time for twenty-one
consecutive days. During that retreat Pope's army fought the battles
of Gainesville, Second Bull Run and Chantilly.

After the battle of Antietam General Burnside was placed in com-
mand of the army of the Potomac and fought the battle of Fredericks-
burg. For excellent conduct in that battle young (iibson was pro-
moted from the ranks to the position of sergeant. His service at
Gettysburg was as a member of the famous Iron Brigade, the Hrst
infantry on the field of that great battle. Late in the afternoon in a
desperate charge made by the enemy he was badly wounded, taken
prisoner and was left four days and nights on the field before being
taken to a hospital. \Mien he had recovered sufficiently to be moved
he was taken to Phil uielphia, whence in December he was sent to

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 17

Indianapolis and was honorably discharged from the service, June
25, 1864.

With this creditable military record Judge Gibson returned home
and took up the study of law, a profession which had always attracted
him. For a time he read in the offices of Hamlin and Wickersham
in Indianapolis and in the autumn of 1865 entered the law depart-
ment of Columbian University, now George Washington University,
\\'ashington, D. C, from which he was graduated in 1868. He was
appointed a clerk in the department of the interior and was later
transferred to the third auditor's office in the United States treasury
department.

He was in Washington when President Lincoln was assasinated
and Andrew Johnson became president, heard his impeachment trial,
and knew personally General Benjamin Butler who had much to do
in bringing the impeachment proceedings; was in Washington during
the trial of Mrs. Suratt, who was tried and executed for conspiracy
resulting in the shooting of President Lincoln and he was also present
at Ford's Theatre the night of the assasination and saw the martyred
president carried from the building. Among his friends were many
of the illustrious men of that time, and his personal acquaintance
embraced such men as James A. Garfield, Senator Oliver P. Morton,
Thaddeus Stevens, Charles Sumner, Schuyler Colfax, General Wil-
liam T. Sherman, General John A. Logan and many other noted men
of that period.

In 1870 he came west to California and in this state made his
first location at San Jose and after a short stay removed to San
Francisco. Remaining for a time in that city he came, in 1874, to
Oakland where he made his home. Here he took up the active prac-
tice of law and soon became widely and prominently known as a
resourceful, strong and able practitioner, whose knowledge of legal
principles was comprehensive and exact, and whose application of
points of law was generally correct and logical. Turning his atten-
tion to politics he soon won a position high in the councils of the
republican party, to which he gave the aid of a powerful, convincing
and eloquent speaker and a versatile and able politician. As a plat-
form speaker he travelled to various parts of the state in political
campaigns and did a great deal to insure the election of his party's
candidates. In recognition of his legal and political ability he was
in 1S7S appointed district attorney to Hll the vacancy caused by
the resignation of Henry Vrooman, and one year later was elected
and later reelected to the office which he filled with credit and dis-
tinction for four years. After being defeated for the office of railroad

18 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

commissioner and for that of mayor of Oakland, he was elected judge
of the superior court of Alameda county and served for six years,
accomplishing much effective work. Upon the expiration of his term
he again took up the practice of law in Oakland, where he is today
recognized as one of the leading members of the legal fraternity. He
is well versed in every branch of his profession and has won distinc-
tion in all, although he does his best and most effective work in the
court, especially in jury cases, where his commanding eloquence, his
striking presence and attractive personality hold the attention of his
listeners. He has been connected with a great deal of important
litigation and has won many hotly contested cases, his powers con-
tinually expanding and developing with the added calls made upon
them. Not wholly has his time been devoted to his professional and
political labors for the financial interests have for some years held
claim to his valued services. He is president of the Bank of Com-
merce.

In Washington, D. C, in 1869, Judge Gibson married Miss Irene
E. Brashears, a native of that city, of French and German ancestry.
They have three children: Augusta; Clara, the wife of Ben F.
Woolner, city attorney and junior partner of Judge Gibson; and
Grace. For a number of years the family occupied a beautiful
country home beyond Piedmont but they now reside in the city.

Mrs. Gibson for many years has been an active factor in the social
life of this vicinity being a member of the Ebell Society, one of the
oldest and most influential woman's organizations of Alameda county.
She is also a member of the Oakland Club ; the Women's Relief Corps
of California and Nevada, being past president of this department;
and the Daughters of the American Revolution, having served as
regent of the Oakland chapter, besides being a member of several
other societies. She has evinced a marked interest in all matters
tending to social uplift and improvement and possesses a wide circle
of friends.

Judge Gibson holds membership in the Sons of the American
Revolution, and, being public-spirited, patriotic and loyal himself, is
justly proud of his ancestors who fought for the cause of freedom.
He is a most ardent admirer of Abraham Lincoln, classing him above
all other men of any age and has developed in himself much of Lin-
coln's broad sympathy and wide understanding. He is so familiar
with the history of the great emancipator that he has made his life
and character the subject of many interesting lectures. An inde-
fatigable worker, a hard student, a deep thinker. Judge Gibson has
throughout his life systematically developeii his powers, talents and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 19

abilities and in so doing has won success — a success important in its
material and tangible manifestations and important also by reason
of the standards, ideals and principles upon which it is based. His
charities have been most liberal yet unostentatious and with it all his
honesty of purpose and absence of misleading pretense have been
characteristic virtues.

WILLIAM J. BACCUS.

William J. Baccus, serving in a creditable and able manner as
commissioner of streets of Oakland, has demonstrated his ability
during a period of nearly ten years in the public service, rising rapidly
to his present place in official circles. He was born in San Fran-
cisco, November 17, 1869, and is a son of Benjamin Baccus, one of
the pioneers in California, who came overland by team to the coast in
1 85 1. The father worked for the Southern Pacific Railroad and was
afterward engaged in the plumbing business in San Francisco.

William J. Baccus came to Oakland when he was ten years of
age and acquired his education in the public schools of this city.
Following the completion of his studies he engaged in the teaming
business with W. H. Parrish and later learned the bricklaying trade,
which he followed for several years. Recognizing, however, the
greater opportunities which were to be found in the contracting busi-
ness, he turned his attention to this line of work and soon met with
excellent success in it, for he had a thorough knowledge of general
construction work, acquired through practical experience, and the
insight, integrity and ability necessary for success in any field. Bv
virtue of these qualifications and his thoroughness and promptness in
filling his many large contracts he has now become one of the fore-
most men engaged in this line of work in Oakland, many of the most
important structures in the city being built by him. His most recent
contract was for the reconstruction of the Syndicate building and he
was also identified with the reconstruction of the Kahn Brothers
building.

Mr. Baccus began his public career in 1903, wlien he accepted
the nomination on the republican ticket for member of the city coun-
cil, receiving the indorsement of the union labor forces, with whom
he is closely affiliated. He was elected by a large majoritv and after-
ward served four terms by reelection, during four years of which he
was chairman of the street committee. He has alwavs been a hard

20 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

and consistent worker for better streets in Oakland and has accom-
plished a great deal of valuable work along this line, as it has been
largely through his efforts and influence that the number of paved
streets has been so greatly increased. So acceptable was Mr. Baccus'
record on the city council that when the primary law went into effect
he was nominated by direct primary vote for the office of commis-
sioner of streets under the new charter and was elected by a large
majority. He has continued his intelligent and constructive work
in this office and is regarded today as one of the most able men in the
service of the municipal government.

In San Jose, California, in 1896, Mr. Baccus was united in mar-
riage to Miss Catherine Muir, daughter of an early pioneer in this
state. They have become the parents of three children: Volma,
William J.. Jr., and Robert. Mr. Baccus is a member of the Native
Sons of the Golden West; Council No. 7, I. O. R. M.; the Loyal Or-
der of Moose, and other fraternal orders and clubs. In all essential
respects he is a self-made man, the foundation of his success being
plain, honest hard work. Most of his opportunities he has himself
created, and he has utilized them in an intelligent and capable way,
being ranked today among the men of worth and substance in the citv
where he makes his home.

JUDGE JOHN ELLSWORTH.

Judge John Ellsworth, who in January, 1913, declined to be a
candidate for reelection to the position of judge of the superior court
of Alameda county, which he had filled with credit and distinction
for twenty-four years, has had a long and varied career in public
service, his worth and fidelity in positions of trust and responsibilitv
being indicated by the wide-spread confidence and esteem in which
he is held today. For forty-six years he has resided in Alameda
county and may be termed the dean of the legal fraternity of the
countv. He is now engaged in the general practice of law in
Oakland.

Mr. Ellsworth was born at East Windsor, Connecticut, on the
7th of January, 1842, a descendant of one of the old and prominent
families of New England, who settled in Connecticut in 1646. He
is a son of Abner Moseley and Lucy W. Ellsworth. His early labor
was that of the farm boy and the public schools of his native com-
munitv afforded him his first educational opportunities. He was

rrnr;!-: .khix kllsworti

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 23

afterward a student in Phillips Academy, but he responded to his
country's call for troops in the great Civil war, enlisting in the
Twenty-fifth Connecticut Regiment, and proceeded to the south. He
served nine months under General Banks in Louisiana and was
present at the surrender of Fort Hudson, which had been besieged for
six weeks. After his honorable discharge from the army he returned
to Phillips Academy at Andover, Massachusetts, and there pursued
such studies as would prove advantageous to his subsequent study of
law, as he had decided to devote himself to that profession. He was
graduated in 1864, but although he had fitted himself for Yale
University financial conditions prevented his going there, so after
spending one year in Williams College at Williamstown, Massa-
chusetts, where ne took senior work, he began to study law, enter-
ing the law office of Hubbard & McFarland in Hartford, Connecti-
cut. He read there for tw'o years, winning his admission to the bar
in October, 1 867. In the same year he came west to California, estab-
lishing his residence in Alameda county, his home being at Alameda
and his office in San Francisco, where he engaged in a general legal
practice until 1876, when he moved his office to Alameda. The same
year he became city attorney of that community. This position he
resigned in 1886, after ten years of able and effective service, in order
to accept a seat in the state assembly, to which he had been elected.
After two years of progressive work in that capacity he was elected
in 1888 and in January, 1889, took his seat as judge of the superior
court of Alameda county and by reelection he served four terms,
holding the office in all twenty-four years and accomplishing during
that period a great deal of constructive, beneficial and far-reaching
work and leaving the impress of his personality and ability upon the
judicial history of this section of California. His last term expired
on the 5th of January, 1913, and he declined to be a candidate for
reelection, turning his attention to the general practice of law in Oak-
land. He is known in this city as a strong and able practitioner, well
versed in underlying legal principles, able in his appeals before the
court and concise in his presentation of a case.

On the 17th of April, 1892, Judge Ellsworth was united in mar-
riage to Miss Ada L. Hobler, of Alameda, and both were well known
in social circles of this city until April 15, 1906, when the wife died.
Fraternally Judge Ellsworth is identified with the Odd Fellows, the
Masonic order and the Grand Army of the Republic, and he is a
member of the Athenian Club. His political allegiance is given to
the republican party, which he has served capably and well through-
out his entire connection with public life, upholding always its prin-

24 ]]1S•|■()R^• Oi- AI.AMI'IDA COfXTV

ciplcs and policies, in which he lirnily believes. Throughout a period
of residence in Alameda dating from 1867 he has securely entrenched
himself in the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens, his public
career having been varied in service and faultless in honor, and his
professional and personal life beyond reproach. It has been said of
him that "He has established a record that few public men can
equal, not only for continued public service, but for the able and faith-
ful manner in which he has performed the duties entrusted to him."

GEORGE E. GROSS.

Oakland numbers among its most progressive and successful native
sons George E. Gross, who since 1901 has been connected with the
treasury department of the city government and is now serving in
a capable manner as auditor and assessor. He was born in this city,
March 14, 1872, and acquired his education in the public schools.
Following the completion of his studies he went into business with
his father, who was engaged in the marble and granite industry in
Oakland.

On the ist of May, igoi, Mr. Gross entered public life as dejuity
in the city treasurer's ofHce and during his three years of service in
that capacity exhibited an unusual aptitude for the work and mas-
tered the details of the management of the office. His ability led to
his appointment in 1904 as chief deputy treasurer and it was while
he still held that office that he accepted the republican nomination
for city auditor and assessor, receiving the indorsement of the demo-
crats and the Municipal League. He was elected by an overwhelm-
ing majority and assumed his duties at the time of the charter elec-
tion. About two years ago the office was raised from being one in
which the county auditor's figures were accepted as the basis of the
city assessment rolls to a department in which the entire work of the
city was handled carefully and justly. The change was made by
charter amendment but the work of bringing the office up to the
new standard has been undertaken carefully and slowlv, new men
being employed from time to time as necessitv required. These are
now employed on a permanent basis instead of being appointed by a
blanket ordinance from time to time for successive periods. The
handling of the auditing and assessing by the city instead of accepting
the county figures raised the assessed valuation for the city as a whole
over ten million dollars above what it would have been under the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 25

county figures and resulted in a more equal distribution of the burden
of taxation in the city. An ordinance was introduced and passed to
print under suspension of the rules of the last council, placing the
auditor's office on a permanent basis. The ordinance provides for
the following: The fixing of the salaries of the first and second
deputy auditors at one hundred and fifty dollars; the appointment by
the auditor of one additional deputy at a salary of one hundred and
twenty-five dollars; the fixing of the salary of the deputy assessor in
charge of personal property at one hundred and seventy-fi^ve dollars,
and the appointment of three additional deputy assessors. Mr. Gross
proved his popularity in the direct primary election of 191 1, when he
was nominated by the people direct and elected by an overwhelming
majority with practically no opposition. He is assisted by Deputy
Auditors A. V. B. Davus and H. C. Hencken. W. H. Dwyer is also
afYected by the new ordinance, having been appointed permanently
with the title of deputy assessor in charge of personal property.

Mr. Gross married Miss Ethel Gage, of Oakland, and his home
and social life has been particularly pleasant, for during a life's resi-
dence in Oakland he has made a wide circle of friends. He is con-
nected fraternally with the Woodmen of the World and belongs to the
Native Sons of the Golden West. In all the relations of life he has
held stcadilv to high standards and his sterling worth makes him
well known in his native city both as a public official and a private
citizen.

p:dwin meese.

No more able and conscientious public official can be found in
Alameda county than Edw^n Meese, city treasurer of Oakland, who
in the course of twelve years' connection with the municipal govern-
ment has fully demonstrated his intelligence, executive ability and
initiative spirit. He was born in San Francisco, March 28, iSs". and
is a son of Hermann Meese, one of the pioneers in California, who
came to the coast in 1850. In the early days the father engaged in
carpentering and later went into business as a contractor and builder.
He also enjoyed the distinction of having been one of the first men to
engage in the sugar business in the west, having been one of the pro-
moters of the Bay Sugar Refinery and was prominentlv identified
with business interests of Oakland for thirty years.

Edwin Meese acquired Iiis early education in the public schools
of San Francisco and later attended the GoUcge of Fort Wavne,

2(j HISTORY OF ALA.MKDA COUNTY

Indiana, and Heald's Business College, of which institution he is a
graduate. Following the completion of his studies he accepted a
position as assistant secretary of the Bay Sugar Refinery and when he
resigned went into the mercantile business in Sacramento, building
up a large and profitable enterprise. In 1879 Mr. Meese came to
Oakland and almost immediately began to take an active interest in
civic afifairs. In 1898 he accepted the nomination on the republican
ticket for the ofiicc of city councilman and served in this position by
reelection for a number of years. He stood always for progress and
improvement along municipal lines and has always been a strong
advocate of the consolidation of the city and county governments.
During his membership on the city council he was identified with
the street committee and in this capacity accomplished a great deal
of constructive work looking toward the improvement of the public
streets and highways. While Mr. Meese was still a member of the
council a vacancy was created by the resignation of the city treasurer,
and he was appointed to fill the position. His appointment was not
one of political preferment but came to him because of his unques-
tioned integrity and proven ability. He has held the office since that
time and his record has been one of conscientious, intelligent and able
service. In the election of 1907 his nomination for the position of
city treasurer was indorsed by all parties and he had no opponent,
this being a gratifying tribute to his popularity and efficiency.

In politics Mr. Meese is a stanch republican and has been a con-
stant worker for the principles and candidates of that party. He is
a member of the Nile Club of Oakland and well known in social
circles of the community which has for the past thirty-five years num-
bered him among its most public-spirited and progressive citizens.

ARCHIBALD G. TAFT.

Archibald G. 'I'aft, occupying a position of distinctive precedence
in financial circles of Oakland as president of the Harbor Bank and
in business afifairs as founder, secretary and manager of the Oakland
Box Factory, was born in Elko, Nevada, March 26, 1877, and is a
son of George W. and Millicent 'I'aft. In the acquirement of an
education he attended public school until he was sixteen vears of
age and then entered the I'niversity of California, from which he was
graduated in due course of time. Immediately afterward he came
to Oakland and here engaged in various occupations until 1898, when

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 27

he moved to Flagstaff, Arizona, establishing there a box factory
which he disposed of after conducting it for one year and a half.
Returning to Oakland at the end of that time, he founded a similar
enterprise in this city, organizing the Oakland Box Factory, of which
he has since been secretary and manager. His ability and resource-
fulness have been prominent elements in the growth of this institu-
tion, and his work in its upbuilding has been rewarded by a success
which places him in the front ranks of substantial and representative
business men of the city.

This prominence has resulted in the extending of his interests into
other fields for in January, 1910, he became connected with the
Harbor Bank of Oakland as vice president and in January, 1912, was
elected president, a position which he now holds. During the four
years of his association with this institution he has proved himself a
reliable, forceful and discriminating financier and has conducted the
affairs of the bank in a conscientious and able way, continuing the
policies upon which it was founded but inaugurating the necessary
changes. He is also a past president of the Merchants Exchange of
Oakland, and his signal ability is widely recognized in financial and
business circles.

In Oakland, on July 4, 1905, Mr. Taft was united in marriage to
Miss Katharine Alexander, and they have become the parents of a
son, Harold, seven years of age. Mr. Taft is a member of the Benevo-
lent Protective Order of Elks and is a thirty-second degree Mason,
belonging to the shrine. He has been since 1900 treasurer of the
local lodge of the Woodmen of the World and is a stanch republican
in his political beliefs. During the period of his residence here he
has taken an active interest in community affairs, and his labors have
been an element in the substantial growth and progress of the city,
while his efforts in business circles have brought him substantial
returns.

PHILIP M. WALSH.

Philip M. Walsh, a prominent and successful attorncv of Oak-
land, was born in California, May i, 1870, and is a son of .Maurice D.
ami Mary Walsh, natives of Ireland. The father served in the Civil
war as a corporal in the Sixty-ninth New York Volunteer Infantry,
forming a part of the Irish Brigade. One year after the close of
hostilities he and his wife came to California. In their familv were

28

TTTSTORV OF Al.AMEDA COUNTY

three sons and one daut^HKcr. the subject of this review being the first
in tlie order of birth.

Philip M. Walsh acHiuired his education in the Oakland public
schools and afterward turned his attention to journalism, becoming a
reporter on the Oakland Times. In 1890 he was made court reporter
and in this way became interested in the legal profession, which he
determined to follow. Accordingly he read law during his spare
time and in 1895 was admitted to the bar of California. After four
years he was made deputy district attorney of Alameda county and
in 1900 was appointed chief deputy, serving under John J. Allen.
He was elected to the state legislature in 1902 and served as a mem-
ber of that body for two years, his vote and influence being always on
the side of riglit, reform and progress. Mr. Walsh is now engaged
in the general practice of law in Oakland, where he is numbered
among the foremost representatives of the bar, his knowledge and
ability bringing him a large and growing practice which he is very
successful in conducting.

In 1894 ^Ii"- ^^ <ilsh married Miss Annette Lefevre, a daughter of
Dr. A. Lefevre, a leading dentist of California. Mr. Walsh is con-
nected fraternally with the Order of Elks and the Native Sons of
the Golden \\'est. In all official, professional and social relations he
has adhered steadily to high ideals and has the confidence and regard
of the entire communitv.

ASA \^ MENDENHALL.

Asa V. Mendenhall, who since 1898 has been in the active and
successful practice of law in Oakland, was born in Danville, Contra
Costa county, California, August i, 1866, a son of William M. and
Mary (Allen) Mendenhall, pioneers in this state. He acquired his
education in the public schools of Santa Clara county and in Liver-
more College at Livermore. At the age of eighteen he drove stage
in Amador and Alameda counties and continued at that occupation
for three years, after which he embarked in the mercantile business
in San Francisco. He also acted as traveling salesman for A. Shill-
ing & Company and carried on his legal studies at the same timc
under the direction of his brother-in-law, G. W. Langan, of Oakland.
He was admitted to the bar in 1898 and began practice as a member
of the firm of Goodcell & Mendenhall, which partnership was dis-
solved in 1903. He was then alone in practice in Oakland until

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 29

March. 1906, when he formed a partnership with his brother-in-law,
Mr. Langan, under the firm name of Langaii & Mendenhall. They
have built up a large and lucrative practice, specializing in corpora-
tion law and in mining and land cases. Mr. Mendenhall has become
an expert in this branch of his profession and his opinions are con-
sidered authority on all matters pertaining thereto. The firm has
had charge of some very important cases and represents fourteen
large mining companies and eight manufacturing companies, includ-
ing the Electric Amalgamation Company, the original Amador
Mines Company, the Omega Gold Mining Company and the Es-
meralda Land Company of Nevada. Mr. Mendenhall has also large
interests in mining companies in this part of California and is known
as a progressive and farsighted business man.

In June, 1903, he married Miss Florence E. Hatch, a native of
Oakland, and they have two children: Edwin, aged six; and Sally,
aged three. Mr. Mendenhall is a member of the Masonic fraternity
and prominent in its afifairs. He is not active in politics, preferring
to concentrate his attention upon his profession, of which he is today
a leading and successful representative.

STANLEY T- S^^TH.

The California bar numbers among its representatives no more
able, prominent and successful lawyer than Stanley J. Smith, now
practicing in Oakland as a member of the firm of Bell, Bell & Smith.
He was born in Downieville, Sierra county, California, December
30, 1879, and is a son of Stanley A. and Anna C. (Neilson) Smith.
In the acquirement of an education he attended public school in his
native community until he was fifteen years of age and then came
to Oakland, where he entered the high school, graduating in 1898.
He was afterward a student in the University of California and
received his degree from that institution in 1903. Having determined
to make the practice of law his life work, he attended Hastings Col-
lege of the Law in San Francisco, graduating in 1905 and being
immediately afterward admitted to the bar by the supreme court.

He began the practice of his profession in San Francisco and
there remained until lanuar\, 1906, when he moved to Oakland,
becoming a partner with Harmon Bell in the (irm of Bell, Bell &
Smith, a connection which he still maintains. His farsighted and
discriminating work has been an important factor in making this

30 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

one of the strongest and most reliable firms of its kind in the city,
connected through a representative and extensive patronage with a
great deal of important litigation. Mr. Smith himself is a forceful
and able lawyer possessed of a comprehensive knowledge of under-
lying professional principles, and, being energetic and able in his
presentation of his cases, he has developed a large and growing
clientage and his ability makes him very successful in its conduct.

In Oakland, in June, 1907, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to
Miss Genevieve Costa and they have two children: Margaret, aged
four; and Stanley Campbell, aged two months. Mr. Smith is a
stanch republican in politics and is an active member of the Athenian
Club. His career has been marked by continuous advancement in
a difficult profession, one in which success can come only as a result
of superior merit and ability.

MELVIN C. CHAPMAN.

Among the strong and reliable legal firms in Oakland is num-
bered that of Chapman & Trefethen, and its senior member, Melvin
C. Chapman, has long been accounted one of the most progressive
and able representatives of the California bar. Along with profes-
sional success he has also won prominence in politics and his inter-
ests have extended to many other fields touching closely the general
advancement of the community.

He was born in Westfield, Illinois, September 5, 1850, and is a
son of Charles de Grasse and Cynthia (Palmer) Chapman, botii
representatives of well known American families. One of his pater-
nal ancestors, Robert Chapman, came from England in 1637 and
was among the first settlers at Saybrook, Connecticut, the homestead
upon which he lived being still in possession of the family. Others
of Mr. Chapman's forebears served under Oliver Cromwell and sev-
eral were conspicuous in the Revolutionary war, the War of 18 12 and
in the Civil war. Members of this family have been prominent in
commercial, professional and political life, winning success as mer-
chants, ministers and lawyers.

Melvin C. Chapman acquired his early education in the public
schools of Chicago, which he attende"d from 1856 until 1S67. He was
graduated from Onarga Seminary in Illinois in 1870 and three years
later came to California. He established himself in the real-estate
business in San I^ancisco, whence he moved his residence to Oakland

MELVIX C. CHAPMAN

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY :«

in 1876. Six years later he disposed of all his business interests in
San Francisco and began the study of law. After he was admitted
to the bar he formed a partnership with Roscoe Havens under the
firm name of Chapman & Havens, an association which was dissolved
after eight months, Mr. Chapman continuing alone. In June, 1910,
he formed a partnership with E. E. Trefethen and they are still
associated under the name of Chapman & Trefethen. In the office
of this firm is transacted some of the most important legal business
heard in the courts of California, for the partners control a large and
representative clientage, both being strong, forceful and able prac-
titioners. Mr. Chapman has won for himself an enviable place at
the bar of the state and his success is the direct result of his ability
and energy. He is president of the Oakland Bar Association and is
held in high respect and honor by the members of the legal fraternity.

In Oakland, on the 21st of December, 1887, Mr. Chapman was
united in marriage to Miss Lillian M. Childs, and they became the
parents of one son, Melvin C, Jr. Mrs. Chapman has passed away.

Mr. Chapman gives his political allegiance to the republican
party and takes an active interest in public affairs. In 1887 he served
for one term as a member of the state legislature and he has been
mayor of Oakland, giving to the city a constructive and progressive
administration. He is president of the Tribune Publishing Company
and belongs to the Athenian Club. He is an enterprising and pro-
gressive citizen, who takes a commendable interest in public affairs,
and along professional lines he has met with that success which is the
natural result of merit and ability.

OAKLAND FIRE DEPARTMENT.

Oakland may well point with pride to its fire department which
under the able direction of its chief, N. A. Ball, is today one of the
best managed, most perfectly equipped and most adequate public
service enterprises in California. In addition to this the fire-fighting
force is composed of men of more than ordinary ability and intelli-
gence, and the entire department maintains a standard of efficiency
not equaled in this part of the state.

There has been a remarkable growth in the department during
the last ten vears, for in 1903 there were only si.x engine companies
and two truck companies, whereas today there are seventeen engine
and five truck companies and a permanent working force of two

;{4 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COL'XTY

hundred and ninety men headed by Chief Ball, who is aided by two
assistant chiefs and two battalion chiefs. The fire department has
also three chemical and hose companies and two chemical companies
provided with eight pieces of automobile apparatus and fourteen
steamers. A salt-water, high-pressure fire protection system has
recently been placed in operation, being designed as an au.xiliary to
the other fire-fighting facilities in a restricted area in which the
number of fire streams required is greater than is demanded in the
surrounding sections of the city. The pumping plant of the system
supplies these additional streams and the design provides that as the
restricted area increases the salt-water mains may be extended. Hose
streams are taken directly from hydrants on the high-pressure mains,
so that no steamers are required. Dependence for a supply for
fighting ordinary fires is placed on the existing fresh-water system of
mains, and the salt water pumping plant stands idle except when
called on in emergencies. Damage to the contents of a building by
salt water thus is avoided in all except large fires. The pumping
plant is in a park on the shore of Lake Merritt, a body of salt water
connected with San Francisco bay, and is at a distance of about one
and one-quarter miles from the center of the area in which the mains
of the salt-water system have been laid. Including the force main
leading to the edge of that area, twelve tiiousand feet of mains are in
service, protection thus being provided to sixty blocks of business
propertv. An additional five thousand three hundred and forty feet
of mains, including fire-boat connection on the water front, has been
installed and the scheme for the system contemplates that mains
eventually will cover an area of one and one-half square miles.

The mechanical ei]uipment of the pumping plant embraces two
two hundred and fifty horsepower gas engines, each connected to a
four-stage turbine pump. The two units are capable of delivering
ten fire streams of two Inimlred gallons per minute each, against
pressure of two hundred pounds per square inch. The specifications
require that within two minutes of the time an alarm is given, five of
the streams should be delivered and the additional five within two
minutes of the call on tiie station. These requirements have been
reduced by actual service so tliat one pump is placed in operation in
thirty seconds and the second within two minutes. Recent tests
siinwL-d that two piniips dclivereil twenty-four hundred gallons per
minute througii two hundred and fifty feet of hose in the center of
the business area with eighty pounds nozzle pressure. The pressure
on the mains at the pumps is two hundred pounds per stjuare inch.
The plans contemplate an additional engine and pump, which will be

1131898

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 35

used as a spare unit, or to increase the capacity of the phmt fifty per
cent during a conflagration. In the design of the pumping plant and
the arrangement of the distribution mains, the suggestions of the
engineers of the Board of Underwriters of the Pacific were followed.
The pumping station, which is also a park building, is a one-
story reinforced concrete structure, sixty-four by eighty feet in plan
and seventeen feet high to the eaves line, which is treated architectur-
ally to harmonize with its surroundings. The exterior walls were
given a plaster finish. The roof is of the low, Spanish type, with a
covering of red tile on steel trusses. The ground around the build-
ing was graded to bring the latter naturally into the landscape, the
eft'ect secured being particularly satisfactory. The interior of the
building also is finished in keeping with the exterior treatment. The
building is divided into five rooms, one, forty-six by forty-six and
five-tenths feet in plan, that contains the mechanical equipment, an
engineer's room, a storeroom, and two public toilet rooms, with a
sixteen foot porch on both sides. The pump of each main unit draws
water from a separate screen chamber in a section well under the
floor of the room. This well is built to provide for the installation
of a third unit and is connected with the adjacent lake by means of a
four by four foot concrete conduit extending twenty feet ofT shore into
ten feet of water. The suction pipe of each pump is provided with a
double flap foot valve designed to hold a pressure of two hundred
and fifty pounds to the square inch. The discharge of both pumps
has an eight-inch connection to a fourteen-inch force main laid on the
floor at the end of the room and over the suction well. Each of these
connections is provided with a check valve, which prevents the return
of water to the pump in case the latter goes out of commission su«i-
denlv- Beyond this check valve is a gate valve provided to permit
the pump to be cut off when desired, without interfering with the
operation of the other unit. The valves by means of which the mains
are divided into sections arc in brick manholes having cast-iron tops
and covers. They are of extra weight and are designed for the high-
pressure salt water service, under a working head of two hundred
and twenty-five pounds to the square inch. They have cast iron
bodies, w'ith bell connections, except for special lengths. Their
dcjuble gates are independently adjustable and are arranged so the
central pressure is removed entirely and the disks freed from their
seats before being raised. All working parts of the valves, including
the entire gate disk and all contact surfaces, are of bronze of a special
composition selected to resist wear and corrosion by salt or brackish
water, the wedging surface on the spreader being of harder bronze

Sfi HISTORY OF ALA^FEDA COUNTY

than those on the disks. The upper end of the spreader nuts and the
inner surface of the top of the valve case are finished to a close tit
when the valve is fully open, so that only slight leakage occurs when
the stuffing box is repacked without shutting down the valves.

A flush hydrant is placed at every street intersection in the area
protected by the high-pressure mains. The hydrants are each in a
concrete manhole built at one side of the main and below the surface
of the street, a location being selected in each case as near the center
of the street intersection as possible. This type of hydrant was
chosen because any possibility of damage to a hydrant by a wagon or
other vehicle striking it was eliminated. These hydrants also avoid
the difficulty occasionally experienced with the usual type of post
hydrant, placed behind the curb at the corners of a street intersec-
tion, being rendered unsafe for use during a fire in an adjoining
building. The hydrant manholes each have a cast iron cover, so
that any part of the hydrant may be repaired or replaced without
disturbing the surface of the street. The cover also is of such design
that two men can lift it with ease. The fact that no frost occurs in
Oakland, of course, should be borne in mind, since this condition per-
mitted the employment of a hydrant of this type. Each hydrant has
a manifold of eight-inch pipe which is connected inside of the man-
hole to tile main. A valve on this connection is provided with a
hand wheel in the manhole, placed where it can be reached and
operated readily. The quarter-turn on which the manifold is
mounted is carried by a cast iron chair anchored to the bottom of
the manhole. The blank flanges on the ends of the manifold also are
both fastened to brackets embedded in the sides of the manhole. Five
three-inch hose connections are attached to the manifold by means
of flanges. Each connection is provided with a gate valve so it may
be operated independently. The manifold not only permits a quite
satisfactory arrangement of these connections, but also reduces the
loss of friction in the hydrants to a minimum. On each hydrant is
a four-inch connection, by means of which standpipes for buildings
can be supplied through a pipe laid underground and provided at
the hydrants with gate valves. These standpipes have hose connec-
tions at the sidewalk which are left open for use with fire engines
and Ircsh water. The connection with the high-pressure system is
made at the base of the standpipe, so the one above it can be left open
witiiout interference. Since tiie hydrants are ordinarily only two
hundred and eighty feet apart on the mains, it was considered better
to make the standpipe connections at them, where they are readily
found, rather than along the main between the hvdrant.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 37

The total cost of the high-pressure fire protection system, embrac-
ing the pumping plant and the twelve thousand feet of mains that
were laid under the first contract, was ninety-five thousand dollars.
This amount included approximately four thousand five hundred
dollars for the replacement of pavements in the streets in which the
main had to be laid. The cost of the pumping station building also
was somewhat higher than would ordinarily be incurred under most
conditions, amounting to a total of twenty-three thousand dollars.
The contract for the entire mechanical equipment amounted to
twenty-eight thousand dollars and included all of the apparatus in
the station.

The Oakland Fire Department is under the supervision of Chief
N. A. Ball, one of the most able firemen in Alameda county, who,
with the exception of four years, has in the thirty-three years since
1880 been continuously a member of the department. He is a native
of San Francisco and in 1862, when he was three years of age, moved
with his family to Oakland, where he was reared and educated. Fol-
lowing the completion of his studies he engaged in the grocery
business for a number of years and while still retaining this connec-
tion joined the Oakland Fire Department in 1880 as call man.
Advancement came rapidly. In 1889 he was made assistant chief
and on the 29th of March, 1898, was appointed chief. He still holds
this responsible and important position, and his success is unques-
tioned, being evidenced in the excellent condition of the fire depart-
ment and in its growth and improvement along all lines.

JOSEPH W. BINGAMAN.

One of the most prominent and enterprising young attorneys of
Oakland is Joseph W. Bingaman, practicing as a member of the
firm of Reed, Black, Nusbaumer & Bingaman. He was born in
Salinas, California, on the ist of March, 1881, and is a son of W. H.
and Isabella Bingaman. His early education was acquired in the
public schools of his native community and in 1898 he went to
Berkeley, where he entered the high school, graduating in 1900.
He afterward became a student in the University of California, re-
ceiving his bachelor's degree from that institution in 1904, after
which he took up the study of law, graduating from the legal depart-
ment of the State University in 1908 with the degree of Doctor of
Law (J. D.). In the same year he began the practice of his pro-

38 mSTOin- ol" Al.AAIKDA COUXTY

fcssioii as a clerk with the hrni of Reed, Bhick & Reed, but he proved
such a strong and able practitioner that in 1912 he was admitted to
tile firm, the name being then Reed, Black, Reed & Bingaman. since
which time Clarence Reed has retired and Emil Nusbaumer become
a member, the rtrm name now being Reed, Black, Nusbaumer &
Bingaman. This is one of the most important law firms in Oakland,
connected through its extensive practice with a great deal of notable
litigation, and its junior member has proven himself fully up to the
high standards which have always distinguished its other repre-
sentatives. Mr. Bingaman specializes in probate and real-estate law
and trial work and for the past five years has also been acting as
attornev for George Gray, public administrator.

Mr. Bingaman together with his copartners is also associated with
Charles F. Lee of Fruitvale and Walter A. Clark of San Francisco
in the ownership and subdivision of a tract of land containing about
eight thousand acres in Fresno county. The land is adapted espe-
cially to the growth of alfalfa and is one of the largest irrigati(Ki
projects in Fresno county.

In Oakland on the 8th of September, 1909, Mr. Bingaman was
united in marriage to Miss Genevieve Kimball, and they have be-
come the parents of two children: Jean, aged three and one-iialf
years; and Geraldine, one vear and six months. Fraternallv Mr.
Bingaman is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks, the Masonic order and the Phi Delta Phi, and gives his political
allegiance to the republican party. He belongs to the Methodist
church and has done active and helpful work as a member of the
Oakland Commercial Club. He is still a young man, but his ability
has carried him forward into important professional relations and
his many friends do not hesitate to predict for him continued and
rapid progress in his chosen field.

GEORGE E. SLEEPER.

George E. Sleeper, a representative of a well known pioneer
family of California, prominently connected with business interests
of Oakland as manager of the Oakland Clearing House Association,
was born in this state in 1874. His father, Charles Sleeper, a native
of Maine, came to California in 1861 and for a time mined at Co-
lumbia, Tuolumne county. He is now manager of the San Francisco
Clearing House. George E. Sleeper's grandfather, \\\ O. Sleeper.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY :»

was one of the earliest settlers in this state, having arrived here in
1 85 1. He was one of the first bankers in California, conducting a
bank at Columbia.

George E. Sleeper acquired his education in the public schools
of San Francisco and later engaged in the electrical business in Oak-
land. During the last eighteen years he has been connected with the
clearing house business in San Francisco and Oakland and a great
deal of his present success is due to his wide experience and detailed
knowledge. When the Oakland Clearing House Association was
organized in 1906 Mr. Sleeper was chosen its manager, and this
position he has filled with credit and ability since that time. He
occupies an enviable position in business circles of the city as a man
whose sagacity is far-reaching and whose integrity is beyond question.

GEORGE J. McDONOUGH.

Actively connected with a profession which has important bear-
ing upon the progress and stable prosperity of any section or com-
munity and one which has long been considered as conserving the
public welfare by furthering the ends of justice and maintaining
individual rights, George J. McDonough has won success as a law-
yer, practicing before the bar of Oakland.

He is one of California's native sons, his birth having occurred
in Eureka on the 8th of February, 1879, his parents being John and
Margaret McDonough. In the public schools he pursued his edu-
cation until sixteen years of age, after which he matriculated at St.
Mary's College in Oakland, graduating therefrom in 1902. His
legal training was acquired at Hastings College of Law, which he
attended for a year and eight months, and then, with wide general
information and careful preparation, he was admited to the bar of
the supreme court. He did not at once, however, embark upon his
professional career as a lawyer but accepted a position as instructor
at the Sacred Heart College of San Francisco, which he capablv and
efficiently filled until April, 19116, when he resigned. Since that
year he has been engaged in active practice in Oakland, making a
specialty of criminal law, and his success in a professional wav
affords the best evidence of his capabilities in this line. He is a
strong advocate with the jury and concise in his appeals before the
court and he has won for himself most favorable criticism for the

40 HISTORY OF ALAAIKDA COUNTY

careful and systematic methods which he follows in the conduct of
his cases.

Mr. McDonough was married in San Francisco on the 14th of
June, 1908, to Miss Syd Frances Reidy. and they are well known
and popular in the social circles of Oakland. Mr. McDonough
belongs to the Catholic church and his political views are in accord
with the principles of the republican party. He is yet numbered
among the younger generation of practitioners in this city but, pos-
sessing the qualities of an able lawyer, he has already established a
good practice in the line of his specialty, his increasing reputation
bringing him more and more into connection with litigation of an
important and distinctively representative character.

HON. FREDERICK S. STRATTON.

Hon. Frederick S. Stratton, member of the Oakland bar, has de-
voted much of his life to public service and over his record there
falls no shadow of wrong nor suspicion of evil. He stands as a high
tvpe of American manhood, citizenship and chivalry and he has been
termed "one of the most eminent and popular attorneys in Califor-
nia." The state is proud to number him among her native sons. His
entire life having been passed on the Pacific coast, he is thoroughly
familiar and in sympathy with every phase of life that means prog-
ress, development and upbuilding in this section. He was born in
Oakland in 1859, when this city, now of large and attractive propor-
tions, was of comparatively little importance. He has been an inter-
ested witness of its development and along various lines has contrib-
uted to its progress. After attending the old Swett grammar school
and the Oakland high school he entered the University of California
and was graduated therefrom in the class of i88r, winning high hon-
ors. He may well be saitl to be a self-educated as well as self-made
man, as it was his own effort that made it possible for him to secure
the university course. While pursuing his studies he set type in a
newspaper office, earning from eighteen to twenty-hve dollars per
month, and thus met his expenses.

It was in early manhood that Mr. Stratton decided upon the prac-
tice of law as a life work and, entering upon preparation for the prtv
fession, he soon acquired a knowledge that enabled him to pass an
examination that admitted him to the bar. He entered upon active
practice in partnership with W. W. Morrow, later judge of the

X. 1'i;i;i)i;kiik •<. stkai'iox

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COL-XTY 43

United States circuit court of appeals in San Francisco. Some time,
afterward Mr. Stratton became senior partner in the firm of Strat-
ton, Kauffman & Torchiana. Since that time his progress has been
continuous, and he has long since reached an enviable position as a
leader of the California bar. His knowledge of law is compre-
hensive and exact. He is familiar with principle and precedent,
and the analytical trend of his mind enables him to readilv apply his
knowledge to points in litigation.

It is not alone in the field of his chosen profession, however, that
Frederick S. Stratton is known and honored. Immediately follow-
ing the earthquake and the fire of 1906 Mr. Stratton was appointed
a member of the Red Cross committee of San Francisco and of the
Oakland relief committee and in that capacity assisted largely in
the distribution of fourteen million dollars sent for the relief of the
sufferers. It was at a period when sound judgment had to direct
sympathy and when business management was necessary to meet the
exigencies of the case, and in none of these qualities was he found
lacking.

At various times public honors have been conferred upon him.
In 1897 Alameda county elected him to the state senate and during
his connection therewith he carefully studied every situation that
bore upon the welfare of the commonwealth, introducing many
miportant measures and advocating others which found their way to
the statute books and have had to do with shaping the later existence
and policy of the state. From the time of his election to the senate
until the present Frederick S. Stratton has been a recognized leader
in public affairs in California and the Oakland Enquirer said in this
connection : "His record is one of distinguished public service, based
upon progressive ideas and marked by unflinching integrity and
unswerving fidelity to duty and to the public interests." One of the
measures which he put through while a member of the general assem-
bly w as that which increased the State University tax from one cent
to two, thus providing a substantially increased revenue with which
to help build up the university to its present gigantic proportions.
He also wrote and put through the bill which exempted Leland Stan-
ford, Jr., University from taxation and wrote and fathered the bill
whicli established primary elections in the state. He afterward
drafted every amendment to this law passed by the legislature up
to 1909 and also all the constitutional amendments necessary to meet
the new order in the election laws through their evolution to the
direct primary measure. He is the author of the first primary law
ever introduced into the California assembly and which, after many

44 HTSTORV OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

amciulnicnts, Hnally developed into the present law as it is found
upon the statute books of the state today. In 19(10 he was called to
the position of collector of the port of San Francisco and his duties
in that connection were mostly of a judicial character, for upon him
devolved the task of making decision upon practically all questions
officially submitted to him according to the law of the land.

.Mr. Stratton might have had many other political honors, had he
desired. l\vice would President Roosevelt have made him assist-
ant secretary of the United States treasury had he not declined to
serve, owing to the fact that he did not wish to leave his home and
establish his residence in Washington. Many of his friends and
admirers urged him to become a candidate for the United States
senate, but, as that would have meant removal to Washington had he
been elected, he again declined. He prefers California as a place of
residence and does not care to accept office that will take him from
his native state.

Mr. Stratton has ever been a stalwart republican, with progressive
views. He has studied the vital questions with thoroughness, and
his position is based upon the keenest interest in the welfare and
progress of the country and the adoption of those principles which he
deems of vital force in advancing the national goixl. One other
feature of his public service worthy of mention is the fact that he
was the author and twice introduced the legislative measure for the
exemption of church property from taxation, a measure that was
finally passed. His knowledge of law has been of the utmost value
to him in his public career and as lawyer and legislator his record
is one which reflects honor and credit upon the state that has honored
him. Since his retirement from the office of collector of the port of
San Francisco, in which he served under the administrations of
Presidents McKinley, Roosevelt and Taft, he has continued in pri-
vate practice, with a clientage which in extent and importance indi-
cates his standing among the foremost members of the California bar

A. G. DEARDORFF. M. D.

The ability with which Dr. A. G. DeardorfT has handled intricate
and important cases at once indicates his marked ability and his high
standing in the profession. He practices at Berkeley, and through-
out his connection with the profession his progress has been con-
tinuous. He was born near Oakland, Oregon, in i8i;4. and is n

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 45

representative of a pioneer family of the northwest, his parents being
W. H. B. and Georgiana (Harl) Deardorfif. In 1849 the father
came to California from the vicinity of Burlington, Iowa, and in
the fall of 1 85 1 went to Portland, Oregon. The following winter
he returned to Iowa, where he remained for about a year, and in the
spring of 1853 h^ married and organized a company of relatives and
friends, numbering more than one hundred people, whom he piloted
across the plains to the Pacific coast, being particularly well qualified
to act as their leader because he had been over the ground before.
Mr. Deardorff and most of the party located in Oregon, but a few
continued on their way to California. In the Beaver state he engaged
in ranching and after years of earnest and well directed labor he
retired and established his home in the town of Oakland, Oregon,
where he remained until his death, which occurred November 25,
1902. His widow survived him for about nine years and passed
away in Portland, Oregon, in May, 191 1.

Dr. Deardorfif pursued his education in the schools of Wilbur,
Oregon, with an academic course in Willamette University. He
then taught school in Oregon for several years and also engaged in
farming for a time. He lived most economically, saving his earn-
ings until he had a sum sufficient to enable him to pursue a course in
medicine. He then entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons
at Keokuk, Iowa, in the fall of 1878, and was graduated with the
class of 1882. At once he returned to Oregon and engaged in the
practice of medicine in the town of Jefiferson. There he continued
until the fall of 1885, when he established his home temporarily in
Salem, but in 1886 removed to Fresno. In that city he enjoyed a
liberal and extensive practice, remaining there for nearly ten years.
In 1895 he opened an office in San Francisco, where he practiced
for eleven years, or until the fire of 1906. In August of that year he
came to Berkeley, where he was soon well established as a successful
physician. He has since resided here and has always been very active
with the exception of the year 1913, when, owing to ill health, he
was not able to practice. In 1909, in connection with G. C. Bohannon,
he organized the Bohannon Cancer Institute, a sanitarium for the
scientific treatment of cancer. The institution was thoroughlv
e(]uipped along the most scientific lines and the work accomplished
has been of most splendid and commendable character. While in
Fresno Dr. Deardorfif was for some time United States examiner for
pensions. He is never a man to rest content with his success of past
years, nor is he content to continue the practice of his profession
according to the old methods. On the contrary, he is at all times

4(i IIISI'OR^' ol- .\I.A.\ll-;i)A C< iL'XTY

busy in experimental work, and study and in his research work has
been remarkably successful. His progress is of a character that will
be of decided help to humanity through the prevention of disease.
He is successfully administering vaccines and serum treatments for
the cure of chronic and acute rheumatism, pneumonia, bronchitis,
typhoid, diphtheria and numerous other prevalent and dreaded
diseases.

He and his wife are members of the Congregational church at
Berkeley, in which Dr. Deardorff is serving as a trustee. Mrs. Dear-
dorfif is also active in the church and in the social circles of the Bay
cities. Dr. Deardorff belongs to the Masonic fraternity, in which
he has attained the Knight Templar degree. He assisted in organiz-
ing and firmly establishing the republican party in Fresno county
and while there was closely associated with the late Joseph Baker
in political affairs. On all political, economic and sociological as
well as professional questions he keeps abreast with the best thinking
men of tiie age and is well fitted for leadership upon many essential
questions.

GEORGE F. WITTER.

George F. Witter, prominently identified with professional in-
terests of Oakland as an able and successful lawyer, was born in
Grand Rapids, Wisconsin, on the 8th of November, 1863, a son of
George F. and Frances Witter. He attended the public and high
schools in his native city until 1880, when he entered the North-
western Business College, remaining a pupil in that institution for
one year thereafter. In 1881 he entered the University of \\'isconsin
and after two years laid aside his books, turning his attention to
teaching and becoming principal of the high school at Humbird,
Wisconsin. He did earnest, straightforward and efficient work in
that capacity until 1885, when he again became a student in the State
University, remaining until he received his degree in 1887. He
afterward resumed his teaching, going to Merrill, Wisconsin, where
as principal of the city schools he reorganized the entire public-
school system of the city, placing it upon a more thorough ami busi-
nesslike basis. His able and forceful work won him reelection to
the position of principal hut this he resigned in the fall of 1887 in
order to accept the ofiicc (.1 principal of the high school at Marsh-
field, Wisconsin, where he remained until the fall of 1888.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 47

In that year he determined to study law and accordingly entered
the law department of the University of Wisconsin, graduating in
1889 and winning admission to the bar in the same year. He opened
his first office in Wallace, Idaho, where he built up a lucrative
patronage which he continued to conduct until 1892, going in that
year to California and locating at Paso Robles, where he engaged
in general practice until 1900. From Paso Robles he moved to San
Francisco, becoming prominent and well known in legal circles of
that city, where he remained until 1906, when he moved to Oakland,
and he has since been in practice here, making steady progress in
his profession and controlling today a representative and extensive
clientage.

In Humbird, Wisconsin, on January 22, 1891, Mr. Witter was
united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Carter and they have become
the parents of five children: Jean C, who is twenty-one years of
age; Esta, who is attending the high school; Edwin, aged fourteen;
Phelps, aged ten; and Wendell, who is two years of age.

Mr. Witter is a member of the Congregational church and fra-
ternallv is affiliated with the Woodmen of the World. He is a
republican in his political beliefs, and although he is not active as
an office seeker he takes an intelligent interest in the growth of the
community and does everything in his power to promote and ad-
vance it. His salient qualities of character commend him to the
confidence and good-will of his fellow citizens, and his circle of
friends is constantly increasing.

J. A. HILL, .M. D. C, V. S.

Among the veterinary surgeons of Oakland, California, there is
none wlio enjoys a higher reputation for efficiency than Dr. J. A.
Hill, a native of Yolo county, this state. When a young man he
followed the sea, spending many years on the trans-Pacific liners and
traveling extensively, touching on his journevs all of the important
Pacific ports. In 1903 he took a course at the Chicago Veterinary
College, graduating in 1906. Shortly afterward he opened an office
in Alameda, beginning the practice of his profession. In the fall
of 191 1 he moved to East Oakland, where he built a most completely
equipped veterinary hospital for the care of sick and maimed animals.
The building is forty by one hundred and twenty-five feet, modern
in every respect and sanitary to the minutest detail. Good ventila-

48 HISTORY OF AI.A.MEDA COUXTY

tion is provided and pure water is always at hand. An idea as to
the up-to-date improvements prevailing is given in the fact that even
a roof garden is provided for the dogs. There are spacious box
stalls for sick and convalescent animals and, last but not least, there
is the expert knowledge, wide experience and care of Dr. Hill. He
is fortunate in having the services of a humane and kindly attendant
whose object it is to furnish the animals the greatest possible comfort.
The Doctor has an interesting military record to his credit, having
served in the Spanish-American war with Company A, of the United
States Regular Engineers' Corps, on the Philippine islands, his
services extending over thirteen months. He was detailed on many
surveying parties, often assigned to special duty, and assisted in
raising small sunken vessels. He also was engaged in clearing the
rivers and streams as far south as Jolo. He keeps in touch with his
comrades of that memorable conflict through his membership in the
United Spanish War Veterans and is also a member of several fra-
ternal organizations. He is veterinarian for the First Battalion
Field Artillery, National Guard of California, which includes Bat-
tery B of Oakland. A of Los Angeles and C of Stockton. During
the summer of 1912 he was the veterinarian in charge of the horses
in the war maneuvers which were held in Monterey county. As is
but natural Dr. Hill is a great lover of animals and is especially
fond of fine horses, of which he owns four, some of them broken to
driving and some saddle horses. He is enthusiastic over the advan-
tages of Oakland, its climate and its living conditions and is ever
ready to extol the beauties of his home city. He says that in all his
travels he has never found a place which pleases him as well as his
California home, and his enthusiastic spirit finds vent in the support
of many worthy enterprises undertaken in the interests of the public
along materia! or intellectual lines.

REV. LAWRENCE SERDA.

One of the greatest individual forces in the spread of Catholic
doctrines in Oakland and in the promotion of Catholic educational
interests in this part of Alameda county is Rev. Lawrence Serda,
pastor of the Sacred Heart church, founder and upbuilder of the
school in connection with it. a scholar, educator and a worthy and
upright Christian gentleman. He was born in Spain and in that
country ac(]uired his general education, afterward spending three

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 49

>cars in the study of theology. At the end of that time he went to
Ireland, where he continued his studies and where he was ordained
to the Catholic priesthood.

In August, 1870, Father Serda crossed the Atlantic to America
and, making his way to California, went directly to St. Francis
church, in San Francisco, owing to the fact that Father Andrew
Garriga, the assistant at that church, had been a classmate of his in
the theological college in Spain. After a brief stay he was appointed
assistant to Father King at St. Mary's church in Oakland, where he
remained for about two years, at the end of which time he was re-
quested to go to San Jose as assistant to Father Gallagher, pastor
of St. Patrick's church. Father Serda was chosen for tills charge
for tlie reason that the mining camp Alamaden was attended from
St. Patrick's church and it ree]uired a man who spoke both Spanish
and English. He continued at San Jose for two and a half years
and during that period attended the noted California bandit Basques
at the time of the latter's execution, staying with him during his last
days and administering to him the last sacraments. At the close of
his work there Father Serda was returned to St. Mary's church in
Oakland to again become assistant to Father King, wnth whom he
remained for one year. He established his present parish (Sacred
Heart) in Oakland, December 17, 1876. This church is one of the
oldest in the county and has been served by Father Serda continu-
ously since its foundation. Before the erection of the church build-
ing services were held in the home of A. M. Montgomery, and the
first church was soon afterward erected, a small wooden building
seventy by fifty feet in dimensions, fronting on Fortieth street.

Father Serda, always interested in the cause of education and a
most earnest believer in its value and efficacy, established in 1880 a
small school in connection with his church and brought three sisters
from the convent to teach his classes. No funds being available to
pay them, Father Serda built a small room and installed a piano
in it, where the sisters gave lessons in music in order to defray the
expenses of the school. This was the only remuneration they re-
ceived for their services. Later another school was erected for the
boys of the parish and this was taught by the Christian Brothers
until 1899, when the church and all the surrounding buildings were
destroyed by fire. Following the fire the people of his parish, and
several other Catholics in Oakland as well, were as liberal as they
possibly could be and readily furnished funds to start the new build-
ings. They were gradually rebuilt and in 1902 a large school and
home was erected. The sisters at this time received permission to

50 HISTORY OF .\I..\M!-:DA COUNTY

teach the boys, and the school has been uninterruptedly prosperous
since that time. In 1910 a fine grammar and commercial grade
school was erected and the institution has now primary, grammar
and commercial departments. Eight teachers are employed and the
attendance averages from three hundred and fifty to three hundred
and seventy-five pupils. This is a fine modern and well equipped
institution of learning and has been built up against almost over-
whelming obstacles by Father Serda, who has labored unsparingly
to make it what it is today. Adjoining it is the pastor's home and a
fine modern stone church, which was dedicated December 15, iqoi.
Great credit is due Father Serda for the important work he has
accomplished along religious and educational lines — work the value
of which it is impossible to estimate and which he has done unosten-
tatiously and with no desire for personal aggrandizement. He has,
indeed, been an apostle among the Catholic people of Oakland, and
he has their love in large measure, as he has the confidence, esteem
and respect of people of all denominations.

S. H. BUTEAU, M. D.

Dr. S. H. Buteau, a leading surgeon of the Bay cities and promi-
nently known by reason of his important achievements in medical
circles of the state, was born in Cape Girardeau, Missouri, January
4, 1864. At the age of seven he was brought to California by his
parents and acquired his education in the public and high schools
of Oakland. His first work was teaching, and in this he spent eight
years. Deciding to enter the field of medicine he matriculated at the
Cooper Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1889. He
soon took up the practice of his profession, but not being content with
the field of study which he had covered he has since spent much
time abroad in post-graduate work, visiting Vienna, Edinburgh and
the many centers noted for expert physicians and surgeons.

Dr. Buteau has always kept in close touch with the most advanced
medical thought and his prominence and distinction as an able sur-
geon is reflected in his extensive practice and important professional
connections. He is a trustee of the Merritt estate and w-as one of the
builders of the Samuel Merritt Hospital, which has an endowment
of one million dollars and is one of the leading hospitals in the west.
Dr. Buteau specializes in surgery and has attained an enviable repu-
tation in this field, not only because he has performed a number of

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 5:^

difficult operations most successfully but also by virtue of the fact that
through his own investigation and research he has been able to give
to the surgical world a most important operation. He is a member
of the state board of medical examiners and is in close touch with
the work of the various medical associations. In 1904 he served the
Oakland board of health. His memberships include the American
Association of Surgeons and the American Association of Gynecolo-
gists and Obstetricians. He was a popular lecturer in the Cooper
Medical College, in which he was once a student, and has contributed
many valuable articles to the foremost medical journals.

Dr. Buteau wedded Miss Alice Buswell, a native of Oakland, and
they have two daughters, Alice and Helen. The Doctor is well
known in the Masonic fraternity, holding membership in the lodge,
chapter and commandery. His personal characteristics have gained
for him the warm regard and friendship of many, while in profes-
sional circles he has gained that eminence which comes only in recog-
nition of merit and ability.

ANDREW E. JOHNSTONE.

There is no more efficient, able and farsighted man in public
service in Oakland than Andrew E. Johnstone, chief deputy county
clerk of Alameda county. He was b(jrn in New Brunswick. Canada,
on the 8th of September, 1876, and is a son of Robert and Martha
Johnstone, who came to Oakland in 1883. In this city their son
attended puJDlic school, graduating from the high school in 1894 and
afterward entering the University of California, from which he
received a degree in pharmacy after two years. He began his busi-
ness career as pharmacist with Leber & Jackson Brothers, druggists,
in Oakland, and he continued to hold this position until 1903. when
he resigned in order to become manager of the Oakland Crematory.
After one year he became deputy in the registration department of
the county clerk's office, where three years of able and practical
work brought him advancement to the position of chief deputv. He
is still serving and has proved capable and farsighted in the discharge
of his duties, being today one of the most popular men on the roster
of county officials.

Fraternally Mr. Johnstone is identified with the Masonic order,
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the \\^)rld
and the Loyal Order of Moose, and he is past president of Live Oak

54 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

Chapter, National Union. He has been a resident of Oakland since
his childhood and has become well known to his fellow citizens,
who hold him in high esteem for his many sterling qualities of mind
and character and his genuine personal worth.

UNITED HOME BUILDERS.

One of the busiest places in Oakland today is the offices of the
United Home Builders which, established in 1913, has already be-
come one of the important factors in the development of the city.
This stable corporation is practically the pioneer of the home build-
ing investment idea in the city, and its method of operation furnishes
a thorough demonstration of the value of a publicly-financed com-
pany under the direction of practical men and backed by assets
greater than its market value for its shares. The United Home
Builders have introduced into Oakland a system of doing business
which has proved immensely successful and profitable in Los An-
geles. Home-building companies are fixed necessities in the develop-
ment of the west and are here to stay. They are founded upon
scientific principles and although originally experimental, are today
as established in principle as banks, insurance companies or any
other form of investment in whicii the public's money may par-
ticipate.

The United Home Builders combine the best features of the
most successful companies. The concern was organized after years
of close study of the home building investment idea and gives to the
people of Oakland all that is good in the companies that have prcn-en
successful elsewhere, as well as added features which make this the
best investment of its kind ever ofifered. The profits of the United
Home Builders will be derived from the following sources: First,
bv purchasing tracts of home building property, by subdividing this
propcrtv, improving it, building homes on it and taking a profit
three ways in the process. Second, by building homes on the prop-
crtv owned by others. Third, by buying properties at wholesale and
selling them at retail. Fourth, by operating in country lands along
the same principles. l''itth, by the conduct of a general real-estate
and insurance business, including every branch, which they can do
on a larger and more profitable scale than a company with less capital
and prestige. These sources of profit are not problematical either
in thcorv or practice. The United Home Builders are actuallv

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNT Y 55

conducting a successful business along these lines, as is evidenced
from the fact that their list of shareholders includes people from
various cities and states, including Burlingame, San Jose, Point Rich-
mond, Mendocino, San Mateo, Cedarville, Campo Seco, Berkeley,
San Leandro, Stockton, Fruitvale, Broderick, Riverdale, Angels'
Camp, Oakland, San Francisco, Richmond, Piedmont, Sacramento,
Del Monte, Visalia, Amedee, Areata, Spreckels, Oilfields and Santa
Cruz, California; Verdi, Tonopah, Lovelock and Reno, Nevada;
Topeka, Kansas; Portland, Oregon; Osceola and Council Blufifs,
Iowa; Chicago, Freeport, Brownstown, Beecher City, Dietrich,
Greenville, Morrisonville, Mount Olive, Staunton and Effingham,
Illinois; Crawford, New Jersey; Crown King and Phoenix, Ari-
zona; and Honolulu.

The founders of United Home Builders include men of years of
experience in building and real estate in the Bay cities. They spent
much time studying the most successful companies of other cities
before they applied the plan here. The president of the concern is
Frederick G. Becker, member of the Real Estate Association of Oak-
land, actively engaged in real-estate and building operations in this
city for several years past. He was formerly connected with the firm
of Becker & Eliel, vice president of the Northern Dredging Com-
pany in Canada and connected also with Becker, Mayer & Company,
manufacturers, in Chicago. A. F. Eliel, vice president of United
Home Builders, has had thirty years' experience in the general con-
tracting business in several countries. While in South Africa he was
consulting construction engineer of one of the largest mines in the
world, and for seven years he has been engaged in the building busi-
ness in Oakland. He was formerly connected with the firm of
Becker & Eliel. The other officers in this concern are: T. A.
Mitchell, second vice president, formerly branch manager for the
Ford Automobile Company in Iowa; B. G. Ensign, treasurer, for-
merly president of the State Bank of Neola, Iowa, and of the Bank
of Persia, that state; W. A. Powell, secretary, a member of the well
known law firm of Schwartz & Powell, of Oakland; G. H. Hunger-
ford, assistant secretary; and R. Kittrelle, director. With such men
of wide experience and recognized ability United Home Builders
cannot fail to reap the fullest advantage of the tremendous oppor-
tunities now being oflfered in this city.

Interviewed regarding this enterprise, its purpose and its success,
President Frederick G. Becker said : "A proposition of this kind
financed by the general public is the best for the county at large.
Any time a clean proposition is put to the public and the people

5(5 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

interested, it is a boost to the community. It helps all and is a new-
factor in progress. With a large number of stockholders, every one
is a silent salesman and a booster. It can be handled on an extensive
scale, so why not divide the profits with the general public instead
of borrowing money from the banks. Oakland and Alameda county
is an ideal location for a project of this kind. The people have been
setting the stage for years and the curtain is now ready to rise on the
first act of progress. Oakland is strictly a home town and Alameda
county the hub of all the surrounding counties of the state. The
United Home Builders are almost pioneers in the field. This section
has a million people to draw from. The success of this enterprise
is assured with the fine management. Many eastern people have been
interested and are now locating here; also many from the southern
part of the state are realizing the fine climate of Oakland. The
people are demanding a better class of homes and more artistic, also
calling for larger lots, where they can cultivate flowers, etc. The
company is improving and beautifying its tract. The demand for
plastered exterior houses tends to beautify the hills around the bay
and the color of the homes against the green hills makes it similar
to the Italian villas in Italy. Oakland has the making of the finest
residential citv in the Union."

LESTER G. BURPEE.

More than a quarter of a century ago Lester G. Burpee entered
the First National Bank of Oakland in the capacity of bookkeeper
and has remained with the institution to the present time, winning
successive promotions until elected vice president in iqo6. which
position he now holds. His birth occurred in Jacksonville, Oregon,
on the 4th of September, i860, his parents being Joseph S. and Irene
J. Burpee. In 1873 the father came to Oakland, California, and
embarked in business as a building contractor, being thus success-
fully engaged until the time of his retirement in 1906. In former
years he was an active member of the Municipal League.

Lester G. Burpee attended the graded and high schools of Oak-
land until 1879 and tlien became private secretarv to E. C. Sessions,
wlio was at that time president of the Oakland Bank of Savings.
In 1 88 1 he left that position and went to Solano countv, wliere he
purchased a fruit ranch, operating the same until he disposed of it in
1883. In that \ear he returned to Oakland and here secured a posi-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 57

tion as clerk in the office of tlie deputv citv marshal, while at the
end of a year he became deputy in the office of the city treasurer,
discharging the duties of the latter position for six months. Subse-
quently he was employed as bookkeeper in several mercantile houses
until 1886. in which year he entered the First National Bank as
bookkeeper, afterward serving as exchange clerk, receiving teller
and cashier in that institution. In 1906 he was elected vice president
and in that position has since remained an important factor in the
control and management of the bank, being also a director. He
likewise acts as vice president and director of the First Trust &
Savings Bank, which is affiliated with the First National Bank. His
rise in financial circles is further attested by the fact that he is now
serving as vice president of the Oakland Clearing House, while
formerly he was a director of the People's Water Company and the
New Oakland Hotel.

In January, 1882, at Oakland, Mr. Burpee was joined in wed-
lock to Miss Mary Isabelle Adams, by whom he has four children,
as follows: Earl Lester, who is employed as a salesman by R. A.
Leet Company of Oakland; Joseph S., Jr., the cashier of the West
Oakland Bank; Donald, who is a public-school student; and Mrs.
Roy B. Baker, of Oakland.

Mr. Burpee gives his political allegiance to the republican party
and in religious faith is a Methodist. He acts as treasurer of the
Young Men's Christian Association and Young Women's Christian
Association and is a w^orthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity, be-
longing to Oakland Lodge and Chapter and having attained the
fourteenth degree of the Scottish Rite. He likewise belongs to the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Woodmen of the World,
the Nile Club, the Commercial Club, the Home Club of Oakland,
the San Francisco Fly Casting Club and the Oakland Scottish
Bowling Club. Mr. Burpee looks at life from a broad standpoint,
recognizes its obligations and its opportunities and in the enjoyment
of the latter never neglects the former.

EDWARD J. TYRRELL.

Edward J. Tyrrell, state senator, is a native of Oakland. He was
born May 19, 1880, and in the public schools of his native city
ac(]uircd an education. On the ist ni .April, 191^^, he was appointed
secretary to Mayor Frank K. Mott and served in that capacity until

58 1 11 STORY (.)l- ALAMEDA COUXTV

January i, 191 1, when he resigned to attend the session of the legis-
lature, having been elected state senator in November, 19 10.

Mr. Tyrrell is a lawyer by profession, having been admitted to
the bar on the i i;th of October, 1909, since which time he has engaged
in active practice. On the ist of August, 1913, he was appointed
attorney for tlie California State Commission in Lunacy.

Mr. Tyrrell is a married man and is identified with several fra-
ternal and social organizations. He has membership with the Elks,
the Moose, the Knights of Columbus and also in the Commercial
Club and the Chamber of Commerce.

E. R. ANTHONY.

Among the well known residents of Alameda, California, is E. R.
Anthony, who holds the important position of assistant superin-
tendent of the Southern Pacific Railway Company. Mr. Anthony
was born in Sacramento, California, in i860, and has been a resident
of Alameda, Alameda county, ever since 1875. After completing
his education, he entered as a youth the services of the Southern
Pacific Railwav Companv and graduallv rose to importance. For
seventeen years Mr. Anthony was a paymaster of the company and
for ten years has been assistant superintendent. He is successful
largely on account of his rare executive ability, and he also has the
knack of handling a great amount of detail work without overlook-
ing the more important phases of work under his direction. Mr.
Anthony stands in the most cordial relations with the men who work
under him, who esteem him as a man of character and one who is
just in all of his dealings. He corrects by censure where such a
course is needed but he is just as ready to commend anv of his em-
ployes for their enterprise and faithfulness, and stands high in the
estimation of his superior officers.

Mr. Anthony was married on the 20th of June, 1883, to Miss
Helen V. Hitchcock, a native of Illinois and to them have been born
three children. Gerald is a resident of Alameda; E. R., Jr., is with
the American Radiator Company at San Francisco; and the daugh-
ter, Helen, is at home.

Mr. Anthony is socially popular in Alameda, where he has manv
friends. He is well known in commercial circles and has done much
toward popularizing his company among business men of the place
and section. Fraternally he is a Mason, exemplifving in his life the

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 59

beneficent principles of that order, and politically he is a republican,
having been active in the interest of his party for many years. For
twenty years he has been the president of the Alameda Republican
Club. Mr. Anthony is a business man of probity, energy and good
judgment, and the high position which he has attained in railroad
circles has come to him in response to hard work, and close applica-
tion. He interests himself in all public measures that will make for
the improvement of local conditions and is in every way a public-
spirited man and valuable citizen.

REV. PATRICK J. QUINN.

Rev. Patrick J. Quinn, pastor of St. Andrew's church in Oak-
land, was born in Templemore, Ireland, on the 17th of November,
1868, and is a son of Richard and Helen (Bannon) Quinn. In the
acquirement of an education he attended the schools of his native
country until he was fifteen years of age and then entered St. Patrick's
College at Thurles, from which institution he was graduated in 1894.
In the same year he crossed the Atlantic to America and went to
Washington, D. C, where he entered the Catholic University, study-
ing for the priesthood and graduating in 1895.

After his ordination he came to California as assistant pastor of
St. Patrick's church at San Jose, whence after one year he was trans-
ferred to San Francisco as assistant pastor of St. Patrick's church of
that city. He held that responsible position for two years, after
which he was made assistant pastor of St. Brenden's church in San
Francisco, where he remained for four years, receiving at the end
of that time his appointment as pastor of St. Alphonsus' church at
Suisun, California. There he did capable and farsighted work in
the cause of the Catholic religion until 1907, when he became pastor
of St. Andrew's church in Oakland, a position which he still holds
and in which he has done excellent work during the eight vears of
his connection with the church. The church building, which was
dedicated September 19, 1909, by Archbishop Riordan, of San Fran-
cisco, is constructed after a peculiarly attractive style, being the onlv
real reproduction of old California mission architecture in the citv.
It is a cement structure built at a cost of sixty thousand dollars, and
it serves one of the largest and most important parishes in Oakland.

Father Quinn belongs to Pioneer Council, No. i, Y. M. I., and
is chaplain of Oakland Council, No. 787, K. C. He is undoubtedlv

60 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

doing a great work in this city among the Catholic people, and he
has their love in large measure, while he enjoys the respect and
confidence of people of all denominations. He is a man of scholarly
attainments, most earnest and consecrated in his work, and is ever
watchful over the interests of his people, his activities being an im-
portant element in the spread of Catholic doctrines in this part of
California.

WILLIAM REED.

Xo one can carry investigation far into the pioneer history of
California without learning of the honorable and useful career of
William Reed, whose identification with this state dates back to
the days of the early mining boom, and who from that time until his
death remained one of the greatest single forces in the development
of the Bay country.

Mr. Reed came of a well known family, the American progenitor
having been Andrew Reed, a retired colonel of the English armv,
who was born in County Antrim, Ireland, in 1693, and there mar-
ried Jean Murray, of Scotch-Irish descent. With his wife and eight
sons and one daughter Colonel Andrew Reed came to America, set-
tling in Boothbay, Maine, in 1743. With others he founded the first
church in that town and a nephew of Mrs. Reed, Rev. John Murray,
was its first pastor. Colonel Reed died July 22, 1762, and his wife
February 8, 1780. Two sons passed away before the Revolutionary
war and of the six remaining five took an active part in that struggle,
as did also several of Colonel Reed's grandsons. The eldest son,
Andrew (from whom the Reed family of Oakland is descended),
was a lieutenant colonel and his son Robert, a boy of nineteen, was
a fifer. Paul, the sixth son, was commander of a privateer which
captured several valuable prizes. David was a captain, Joseph, first
lieutenant and William a private. A grandson, Andrew, Jr., was
second lieutenant and Robert, before mentioned, was afterward cap-
tain of a re\enue cutter in connection with the custom house at Wis-
casset, Maine. liis son William followed the sea for many years
and was in command of a vessel captured by the British in the war
of 1 81 2. He was afterward paroled and allowed to continue his
voyage. One dark night a vessel under his command ran afoul of
the man-of-war Constitution in Boston harbor, breaking a spar of
Old Ironsides. Captain ^^'illiam Reed established his home in

HISTORY OF ALA:\IEDA COUNTY 65

Vassalboro, Maine, in 1831;, and in the meantime had married Han-
nah P. Hutchings. Among the children born to this union was a
son, William, of this review, whose birth occurred October 11, 181 1,
on Cape Newagen Island, now known as Westport, Lincoln county,
Maine. The Reed family is well represented in Oakland and the
vicinity by the children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren of
the pioneer, William Reed, who with their wives and children now
number forty living descendants, among whom may be mentioned
Charles G. Reed, formerly national bank examiner, and George W.
and Clarence M. Reed, senior and junior members of the former law
firm of Reed, Black & Reed.

Early in his life William Reed became familiar with the sea,
accompanying his father on his voyages, and when he grew to
maturity he turned his attention to a seafaring life, becoming com-
mander of a vessel at the age of twenty years. He conveyed the first
cargo of cotton ever sent direct from a southern port to Europe,
making the trip from Galveston, Texas, to Havre de Grace in 1846.
This marked an epoch in the development of shipping relations
between the United States and Europe, for previous to this time all
cotton had been sent to New York or Boston and reshipped. On the
return voyage Captain Reed brought back a cargo of wines procured
at Bordeaux. During the thirty years or more of his seafaring life
he entered every port of any importance from Maine to Florida,
as well as Mobile and New Orleans, besides making several voyages
to Europe and various ports of the West Indies. In 1850, on his
ship Rob Roy, he made the trip around Cape Horn, arriving in
San Francisco on August 9th of that year, bringing with him as part
of the cargo the stern-wheel steamer Kennebec, which was put to-
gether at North Beach and later, with William Reed as captain,
plied between Sacramento and Marysville. In 1851 Captain Reed
returned to Maine and there engaged in farming until 1854, ^vhen
he came again to California, mining at Angels' Camp for two years
thereafter! At the end of that time he sent for his family and on
November 4, 1856, they settled in Oakland, the captain having pur-
chased a tract of thirteen acres on Market street and turned his
attention to raising fruit From the later sale of this property, all
of which is now a part of the city, he realized a comfortable fortune
and upon this was able to spend his declining years in retirement
from business cares, his horn being at the corner of Sixteenth and
Market streets.

On the 30th of December, 1839, Captain Reed was united in
marriage to Miss Hannah Carletm Hall, who was born at Vassal-

66 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

boro, Maine, August i6, 1818, a daughter of John Goffe and Mercy
(Taylor) Hall. Six children were born to the marriage of Captain
and Mrs. Reed: Elizabeth M., who was born in 1840 and who is
now the widow of D. P. Barstow; Emily P., who was born in 1842
and who has passed away; Charles Gofife, born in 1844; George W.,
born in 1852; Nellie Carleton, who was born in 1854 and who is
now the wife of Thomas C. Mayon, and Annie Lincoln, who was
born in 1857 and who has passed away. Captain Reed and his wife
are both deceased, the former passing away April 19, 1905, when
in his ninety-fourth year, and the latter December 31, 1906.

Captain Reed was intensely interested in public afifairs and was a
member of the Union League, organized during the Civil war. He
was at one time a member of the board of education in Oakland, and
the public-school system found in him a loyal and able supporter.
In public as well as in private life his honor never was questioned,
and his word was always as good as his bond. His sterling character
and upright dealings with his fellowmen won for him the love and
friendship of all who knew him, and his death was deeply and sin
cerely mourned in the city where he had made his home for so
many years.

D. G. DONAHUE.

D. G. Donahue, secretary, treasurer and attorney of the Pulcher
Concrete Block & Paving Company, has been a resident of California
since March, 191 1, and of Oakland since December of that vear. .A
lawyer by profession, he has now turned his attention to commercial
pursuits in his active connection with the Fulchcr Companv. He
was born in Hancock, Michigan, February 6, 1879, a son of |. C.
and Minnie (Jennings) Donahue. He attended the public schools
until he reached the age of eighteen years, after which he became
baggage man for the Duluth South Shore & Atlantic Railroad, con-
tinuing in that position for three years. He afterward attended the
Michigan College of Mines, studying mining engineering for two
years, and later he entered the University of Michigan, from which
he was graduated in 1906 with the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and
Bachelor of Laws. Having thus prepared for a professional career,
he opened offices in Hancock, Michigan, and South Range, Michi-
gan, practicing in both places. He was city attorney in the latter
place until 1910, when he removed to Chicago, where he followed

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 67

his profession until March, 191 1. At that date he became a resident
of Del Norte county, California, practicing in Crescent City until
the following October. In December of the same year he came to
Oakland, where he opened a law office and was in active practice
until April 24, 1913, when he became secretary, treasurer and attor-
ney of the Fulcher Concrete Block & Paving Company, which
positions he now holds. As legal advisor and practical business man
he is contributing to the success of this growing enterprise.

Mr. Donahue was married in Hudson, Wisconsin, to Mrs. Dolly
(Lynch) O'Dell on the 15th of June, 1909. They have gained many
friends during their residence in this state. Mr. Donahue gives his
political allegiance to the progressive party, and his fraternal con-
nections are with the Elks and with the Masons. He has attained the
thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and is also a member of the
Mystic Shrine. He is most loval to the craft and exemplifies in his
life its beneficent teachings.

WALTER D. COLE.

Walter D. Cole, a representative of the legal profession in Oak-
land, has here practiced as a member of the firm of Peck, Bunker
& Cole since March, 191 1. His birth occurred in San Bernardino
county, California, on the 15th of April, 1880, his parents being
James A. and Mary E. Cole. The father came to California in
1850, settling in San Bernardino county, where he engaged in farm-
ing and stock-raising and became a large landowner. His demise
occurred in the year 1885.

Walter D. Cole completed the high-school course in 1900 and
subsequently entered the law department of the University of Michi-
gan, from which institution he was graduated in 1905. Locating for
practice in Tonopah, Nevada, he there followed his profession until
1909 or until appointed by the supreme court as a member of the
code commission for the revising of the state laws. His duties in that
connection demanded his attention until March, 191 1, when he came
to Oakland and joined the law firm of Peck & Bunker, which has
since been known as Peck, Bunker & Cole. This firm are the per-
sona! attorneys and are handling the corporation interests of F. M.
Smith in the bay region and throughout California. Mr. Cole has
always realized that success depends largely upon a thorough prep-
aration of his cases and has never feared that laborious work of the

68 HISTORY OF yXLAMEDA COUNTY

office which must precede the presentation of his case in the court-
room. His reasoning is strong, his deductions logical and his points
follow in a natural sequence that cannot fail to impress court and
jury with the correctness of his opinion. He never fails to command
the attention of those in the courtroom and seldom fails to win the
verdict desired.

In Oakland, on the jth of October, 1907, Mr. Cole was united
in marriage to Miss Winifred Burdge, by whom he has two children,
John A. and Walter D., Jr., who were born in 1909 and 191 1, re-
spectively.- In politics Mr. Cole is a democrat, believing firmly in
the principles of that party. He has many genial and admirable
qualities which have gained him a host of friends and it is charac-
teristic of him that he holds friendship inviolable.

JOSEPH KNOWLAND.

Prominently connected with various business and corporate in-
terests of San Francisco and Alameda, Joseph Knowland became
known as one of the real builders and promoters of the Bay country of
California and through the extent and importance of his commercial
and financial relations influenced in an important way general ad-
vancement and progress. From pioneer times until his death.
November 13, 1913, he remained prominent in business circles and
in Alameda, where he had resided since 1872, was also a leader in
the advancement of those interests looking toward civic development
and community growth. He was born in New York, Octcibcr 8,
1833, and was reared in Southampton, Long Island, a representative
of a family long established on American soil.

Joseph Knowland acquired his education in the public schools
of Southampton, and when a young man moved to California, at-
tracted by the reports of the gold discoveries in this state. He secured
passage on the George Law to Aspinwall, arriving in San Francisco
on the 14th of February, 1857. Shortly afterward he went to the
mines and worked in the neighborhood of Yankee Jim's, in Placer
county, until illness compelled him to return to San Francisco. Fol-
lowing his recovery he secured an engagement with the shipping
house of Moore & Folger, then agents for a line of clipper ships
running between San Francisco and New York city. Mr. Knowland
retained this connection for some years and also had other engage-
ments of a like character. In the vear 1862 he first became connected

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 69

with the lumber business, in which he became a prominent figure
in the course of time. He first secured a position with Benjamin
Dore and afterward was connected with the house of Blythe &
Wetherbee. In 1867 he formed a partnership with Jason Springer,
and they established an independent business under the name of
Springer & Knowland, this enterprise existing for about three years.
During this period Mr. Knowland was ill for some time and out of
business for about a year. Afterward he associated himself with
Charles F. Doe under the title of Knowland & Doe, and this firm
controlled a large and important lumber business for a number of
years. After the company was dissolved Mr. Knowland made a trip
east and upon his return in 1882 assisted in the organization of the
Gardiner Mill Company, with which he was connected until his
death, being for many years previous president and managing owner.
The Gardiner Mill Company controls a very important enterprise.
The mill, which is located at Gardiner City, Oregon, was burned in
October, 1888, but this impeded operations for only a time. The
company today owns extensive lumber lands and has interests in a
coasting fleet besides being heavily interested in the KerckhofT-Cuz-
ner Mill & Lumber Company of Los Angeles. In its operations a
large amount of money is used, and it makes for the development of
this section as only such an extensive enterprise can.

As president of the Gardiner Mill Company Mr. Knowland
occupied a prominent place in industrial circles, but his interests
were not by any means confined to this one connection, as his business
ability soon carried him forward into important relations with a
number of other equally important enterprises. He was the principal
owner of the well known whaler, the Amethyst, which was wrecked
some time ago, the crew being rescued by a government relief vessel.
He was at one time interested with the Hoopers and Talbots in the
San Pedro Lumber Company and acted as director of that concern
and also had large interests in the Southern Lumber Company of
San Diego, having acted as president and a member of the board of
directors. With Governor Lowe, Egbert Judson and other prom-
inent men he was at one time extensively interested in mines in Tomb-
stone, Arizona. In Alameda he was one of the largest stockholders
and a member of the board of directors of the Alameda Bank and a
trustee of the Gas Consumers Association, with which he was
identified for seventeen years. He was also vice president of the
Kennedy Mining & Milling Company of Jackson, Amador county,
one of the largest mining industries on the coast, employing about
three hundred men at the plant.

70 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

On the 13th of May, 1863, Mr. Knowland was united in marriage
to Miss Hannah B. Russell, a native of Bingham, Maine, and they
became the parents of the following children: Joseph R. ; Mollis
P., deceased; Sadie E., who married Professor George E. Coe and
who died August 24, 1905; and Lucy B.

Mr. Knowland was well known in fraternal circles, having been
made a Mason in Golden Gate Lodge in San Francisco in 1864,
although he later transferred his membership to Oak. Grove Lodge,
No. 215, F. & A. M. He was a member of Alameda Chapter,
No. 70, R. A. M.; Oakland Commandery, No. 11, K. T. ; Oakland
Consistory; and Islam Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. A short time
before his death he was raised to the first section of the thirty-third
degree. For a long time he was associated with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to San Francisco Lodge, No. 3.
In citizenship he was progressive and public-spirited and took a
most helpful interest in matters looking toward municipal advance-
ment. He was a constant contributor to the Old People's Home, of
which he was one of the trustees, and made various gifts of a similar
character, always following the Bible maxim of not allowing his
left hand to know what his right hand did. A man of broad and
unostentatious charity, of progressive views and stanch honesty of
purpose, he rose to a high place among the representative citizens of
California, and his name adds to the list of those whose labors have
been so far-reaching and beneficial in effect that they have influenced
many phases of community development.

CENTRAL NATIONAL BANK.

Among the solid, conservative and most thoroughly reliable
moneyed institutions in Alameda county is numbered the Central
National Bank of Oakland, which with its savings affiliation, the Cen-
tral Savings Bank, has long been a prominent factor in the financial
development of this section of the state. The Central Savings Bank
is the older institution, having been organized in 1892 as the Home
Savings Bank. This title was subsequently changed to the Central
Bank and under this name it continued as both a savings and com-
mercial bank until August 12, 1909. On that date the commercial
business of the Central Bank was turned over to a new institution
known as the Central National Bank of Oakland, \\ ith a paid up capi-
tal and surplus of one million, one hundred and twenty-five thousand

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUiXTY 71

dollars, which has since been increased to one million five hundred
thousand dollars. The Central Bank afterward continued as a strictly
savings institution and in April, 19 1 1 , its title was changed to the Cen-
tral Savings Bank of Oakland, its capital having previously been
increased from three hundred thousand dollars to five hundred thou-
sand dollars, with a surplus and undivided profits of three hundred
and twenty-two thousand five hundred dollars. The combined re-
sources of the two banks are approximately sixteen million two hun-
dred and sixty-eight thousand dollars. The Central National Bank
has assets in the neighborhood of nine million dollars, and the Cen-
tral Savings Bank takes rank with the largest institutions of its kind
in the city, its assets being approximately seven million two hundred
and fifty thousand dollars. The two banks are housed in a five-story
brick and stone building at the northeast corner of Fourteenth street
and Broadway, a property which the Central Savings Bank pur-
chased in 1892 and which it has occupied continuously since that
time. The building has a floor area of about one hundred by one hun-
dred feet and this affords ample room for the conduct of the banking
business as well as for a spacious lobby. The directors have recently
installed new coin and book vaults of the latest design, the former
being practically impregnable. The safe deposit vaults are located
on the Fourteenth street side of the building and entrance to them
may be had both from Fourteenth street and from the lobby of the
bank. These are the property of the Central Savings Bank and have
the largest and finest safe deposit equipment to be found in Oakland.
The officers of the Central National Bank are as follows: J. F.
Carlston, president; H. N. Morris, R. M. Fitzgerald and H. A.
Mosher, vice presidents; and A. J. Mount, cashier. Both banks are
under the control of the same board of directors, which is composed
of the following members: J. F. Carlston, president; H. N. Morris,
vice president; R. M. Fitzgerald, vice president and attorney at law
in Oakland; John P. Maxwell of the Maxwell Hardware Company;
J. W. Phillips, president of the Grayson-Owen Company, wholesale
butchers; T. A. Crellin, of the Morgan Oyster Company and the
Ruby Hill V'ineyard Company; W. G. Manuel, capitalist; (jeorge
L>. Kraft, capitalist; J. K. Mofiitt, vice president and cashier of the
First National Bank of San Francisco; A. S. Blake, president of
Blake Brothers, Incorporated, and W. T. Veitch, contractor and capi-
talist. All of these men have proved their capabilities in representa-
tive lines of endeavor and are recognized as farsighted, keen and
discriminating business men. lliey have made the policy of the Cen-
tral National Bank and of the Central Savings Bank of Oakland

72 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

one of progressiveness tempered by a safe conservatism and under
their efficient management the banks have had a steady and rapid
growth, both being known today as being among the leading financial
institutions in Alameda county.

CAPTAIN CHARLES NELSON.

The death of Captain Charles Nelson occurred June 5, 1909, and
he was buried June 8th, from his beautiful home in Oakland, inter-
ment being made in Mountain View cemetery. The many flowers
sent as tributes of love and respect by individuals and societies served
as a slight indication of the place he held in the estimation of the
people of the Bay country. His demise brought to a close a long,
honorable, useful and successful life the influence of which was
felt as a factor in the pioneer development of the state, as an
element in the industrial, social, economic and civic upbuilding of
San Francisco and as an influence upon the standards and ideals upon
which rest the permanent growth and greatness of the Bay cities.
He was numbered among the representative citizens of California
and among the men who played an important part in the history of
the state. His name was well known in financial circles as president
of the Merchants National Bank of San Francisco and in industrial
circles as president of the Charles Nelson Company, controlling
large lumber and shipping interests and conducting one of the most
stable enterprises of its kind on the Pacific coast.

Mr. Nelson was born in Denmark. September 15, 1830, and was
a descendant of an old Danish family, whose members for many
generations had lived and died in that country. When he was only
thirteen years of age he left his family and went to sea, securing
a humble position on a vessel and receiving for a month's laborious
work seventy-five cents. From this position he rose to that of
mate on the ship, for it was found that he had mastered practically
every detail connected with the operation of the vessel and could
even take the place of cook when necessity arose. On one of his
voyages he went to New York in 1847 and two years later sailed from
that city for his old home in Denmark, having promised his mother
when he left that country that he would return in five years. This
was the last time he saw his parents, for his father died in 1850
and his mother in 1863. In the former year Captain Nelson came to
California, arriving in tiic harbor of San Francisco in July, 18^0.

CAPTAIX CHARLES NKLSdX

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 75

He had been attracted by the news of gold discoveries in the state
and accordingly turned his attention to mining. However, meeting
with only fair success, he determined to engage in work to which he
was better adapted and with which he was more familiar and accord-
ingly secured an interest in a whaling boat at Sacramento. With
the assistance of a comrade he rowed this from Sacramento to Marys-
ville, a distance of ninety miles, carrying freight and passengers, and
he made the trip frequently, often buying vegetables and garden
produce, which were sold in the city. At this time also Captain
Nelson took up a government claim, paying two dollars and fifty
cents per acre for two hundred and fifty acres of land. During the
winter months, when his shipping operations ceased, he engaged men
to chop wood and this he sold to the steamers which were engaged in
the river trade. In this way he accumulated a small sum of monev,
and he placed it in the Adams & Company Bank, intending to use it
to defray the expense of rebuilding his vessel. However, before he
did this the bank, together with other financial institutions in San
Francisco, closed its doors and he never received one cent of his
hard earned money. He did not, however, allow this to discourage
him, but continued his shipping operations, becoming interested in
1862, in connection with a partner, John Kantfield, in a barkentine,
this being the first vessel of its kind built on the Pacific coast. Cap-
tain Nelson still later became interested in a larger vessel in San
Francisco and his holdings along this line increased rapidiv and
became very extensive with the passing years.

Mr. Nelson's identification with the lumber business in San
Francisco dates from 1867, when he purchased an interest in the
Kimphill Lumber Company, which controlled large sections of tim-
ber land in Humboldt county, California. Mr. Nelson had a great
deal to do with the rapid extension of the scope of this business, for
he aided in improving the facilities for the manufacture of lumber
and was instrumental in securing the purchase of a line of tow-
boats, on which were shipped large quantities of lumber from the
mills t(j all points along the coast, as far south as San Pedro and
north to Portland and Seattle. As his financial resources increased
Mr. Nelson invested in vessels of his own and developed a large
lumber shipping business on the coast which he owned himself and
which he organized and incorporated in 1901 as the Charles Nelson
Company, of which he remained president and active manager until
his death. This company controls a fleet of steamers, among which
is a new one of steel built by Moran Brothers of Seattle. During the
period of Mr. Nelson's connection with this concern the officers were

76 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

as follows: Charles Nelson, president; James Tyson, vice president
and treasurer; and P. Thompson, secretary. The company enjoys
an excellent business reputation and controls a large share of the
business in their line in San Francisco and the surrounding country.
Their trade has grown so that their territory includes China, South
America, Australia and intermediate points. Mr. Nelson remained
active in the conduct of his immense shipping interests until a short
time before his death, which occurred in 1909, when he was seventy-
nine years of age. His unremitting work, his ability, industry and
untiring ability constituted some of the greatest and most signal
forces in the upbuilding and growth of the business controlled by
the Charles Nelson Company. He was endowed by nature with
retentive, keen and incisive qualities of mind and in whatever com-
plex situation he found himself he possessed the faculty of grasp-
ing its details and the no less important ability of executing w'hat
he had planned. Under his hands his business grew along con-
structive and modern lines, becoming a great, well managed and
important institution, a worthy monument to his energy and acumen
and a factor in the industrial expansion of a great state.

Captain Nelson was twice married. He wedded in San Fran-
cisco on the 13th of October, 1856, Miss Metha Clausen, a native of
Denmark, and six children were born to their union, all of whom
died in infancy with the exception of one daughter, Margaret, who
is the widow of Eugene Bresse of San Francisco. Mrs. Nelson
passed awav in 1896. She was well known in charitable work in San
Francisco and was especially prominent in the alYairs of the Old
Peoples Home, with which she had been identified for a number of
years. At first this was restricted to those of Danish origin, but it
finally opened its doors to old people of all nationalities. It is now
in charge of Mrs. Bresse, who was appointed president upon the
death of her mother. Captain Nelson's second marriage occurred
at San Francisco, in 1901, when he wedded Miss Helen Stind, also
a native of Denmark. They took a trip around the world, seeing
much of interest in the many lands visited. They lived on Seminary
avenue in Oakland in one of the fine residence properties of the city,
the ten acres of well kept grounds beautified by flowers and trees
affording an appropriate setting for the pleasing architecture of the
house, and there Captain Nelson spent the later years of liis life,
going daily to his office in San Francisco.

He was a stanch republican and was identified with the Masonic
fraternity. He was also a member of the Dania, a Danish society of
Oakland. For four years he served in a creditable and able manner

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 77

as president of the Chamber of Commerce and was throughout his
life interested in the growth, development and expansion of San
• Francisco. The cause of education found in him a loyal and earnest
supporter, and for a number of years he was a trustee of Mills Col-
lege, the widely known girls' school located near his home. He was
a personal friend of Mrs. Mills, the founder. He was himself a
scholar and a wide reader, familiar with the best literature, well
informed upon questions and issues of the day, a fluent and easy
speaker. Those who were fortunate enough to come within the
close circle of his friendship found him a large-hearted, broad-
minded and liberal man, whose devotion to duty was unswerving
and whose honesty of purpose unquestioned through over fifty years
of prominent activity in California. His name swells the list of
San Francisco's pioneer business men who have built for all time and
in whose footsteps their successors must follow closely or else be left
behind in a race the honors of which are success, prominence and
widespread esteem.

ARTHUR HASTINGS BREED.

Among the men whose initiative, enterprise and ability have been
active facto'rs in promoting the remarkable growth and prosperity
of the city of Oakland is numbered Arthur Hastings Breed, of the
firm of Breed & Bancroft, well known real-estate operators of the
city. Mr. Breed has other important business afl^liations, and his
interests have extended also to politics, in which field his prominence
is attested by his position in the state senate, representing the fifteenth
senatorial district. He was born in San Francisco, California, No-
vember 27, 1865, and is a son of Daniel C. Breed, who came to
California by way of the isthmus of Panama in the '50s and was
afterward for many years a well known wholesale grocery dealer in
San Francisco.

Arthur Hastings Breed acquired his education in the public
schools of his native city and after his graduation was for five years
connected with the wholesale book and stationery firm of Samuel
Carson & Company. He afterward turned his attention to the real-
estate business and with this has been connected continuously since
that time. He is president of the real-estate firm of Breed & Ban-
croft, a corporation, one of the leading companies of its kind in the
state, and through his work as its head has proven himself a man of

78 HISTORY OF ALA^fEDA COUNTY

administrative ability and executive power of a high order. In
addition to this Mr. Breed is president of the Magnesite Dock &
Land Company, president of the Pardee Park Company, president
of the Roseville Heights Land Company, a director in several other
land corporations and also in the Oakland Bank of Savings and the
Bankers Trust Company — connections which prove the extent,
variety and character of his business interests.

Politically Mr. Breed is a stanch republican and is without doubt
one of the leading representatives of this party in Alameda county.
From 1899 until 1907 he served as auditor and assessor of the city
of Oakland and in 191 2 was elected to the state senate for a term
expiring in 1916. Mr. Breed represents the fifteenth senatorial dis-
trict of California, embracing East Berkeley, the town of Piedmont
and a considerable portion of Oakland. He has already made a
creditable record as a member of the state legislature and it is a
certainty that a great deal of important legislation will bear the
stamp of his interest and activity.

On the 9th of May, 1893, in Oakland, Mr. Breed was united in
marriage to Miss Caroline Hall, and they have become the parents
of four children, three sons and one daughter. Two are students in
the high school and the other two are in the grammar scho.ols of
Oakland.

Mr. Breed is connected fraternally with the ALisons, the Elks
and the Native Sons of the Golden West, holds membership in the
Bohemian Club of San Francisco and the Nile and Athenian Clubs
of Oakland and is a devout adherent of the First Congregational
church. Broad-minded and liberal in his views, he has wrought
along the lines of the greatest good to the greatest number and his
city and state have profited by his efforts in various fields of endeavor.
His unbending integrity of character, his fearlessness in the discharge
of dutv and his appreciation of the responsibilities which rest upon
him make him a citizen wliose worth is widely acknowledged.

1RAL\ L MOON, D. O.

Among the women who have entered the medical profession and
proven that their ability is equal to that of brother practitioners is
Dr. Irma L Moon of Oakland, who has her offices in the Union Sav-
ings Bank building and who, by the consensus of public opinion, is
accounted one of the most skilled and learned representatives of the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 79

medical fraternity. Dr. Moon is a native of Colusa county, Cali-
fornia, and in her girlhood days went to San Jose, where she attended
high school. Having decided to take up the practice of medicine as
her life work, she entered the Pacific College of Osteopathy in Los
Angeles. The faculty of this college includes many regular medical
practitioners, as well as osteopathic practitioners. Its students, there-
fore, have an unusual opportunity to gain an unprejudiced knowl-
edge of the differet systems of treating diseases. The school ranks
today among the foremost in America, and it was from this institu-
tion that Dr. Moon was graduated. Immediately afterward she
established an office in Oakland, and since 1905 she has continuously
enjoyed a growing practice in the city — a practice that is now very
extensive.

Dr. Moon belongs to the American, Bay and State Medical Asso-
ciations, which were organized to further the interests of osteopathy
through uniting the members of that branch of practice more closely.
Tliey have also thus been enabled to keep their practice upon a high
ethical standard. Since taking up professional duties, Dr. Moon has
been an active member of those organizations. She is also well
known in social circles of Oakland and is a member of the Home
Club and of the Eastern Star.

WILLIAM H. L. HYNES.

William H. L. Hynes, as district attorney of Alameda county,
has discharged his duties with a sense of conscientious obligation,
combined with ability that has made his record a notable one. He is
an able and learned lawyer, whose progress has been continuous and
gratifying, since his admission to the bar. He was born in San
Francisco, June 12, 1874, and is a son of Patrick and Alicia M.
Hynes, who in 1877 removed to Oakland, so that the son became a
pupil in the public schools. He passed through consecutive grades
until he graduated from the high school, with the class of 1893,
after which he attended the LTniversity of California and was grad-
uated in 1897. He next became a student in the Hastings College
of the Law, in which he completed his course with the class of 1898,
and in January, 1S99, he entered the office of the district attorney in
Oakland, in tlie capacity of deputy. He was gradually advanced in
that connection, until i9(V' when he became first assistant, and on
the 2nd of December, 191 2, he was elected district attorney, which

80 HISTORY OF ALA:\rEDA COUNTY

position he is now capably filling. He has prosecuted all the im-
portant civic cases during the past six years and has made a splendid
record, standing stanch and firm in support of the legal interests of
the district. His cases are prepared with thoroughness and care and
the strength which he manifests in their prosecution is evidenced
in the favorable verdicts which he has won. Aside from his active
duties as prosecuting attorney, he is now professor of medical juris-
prudence in the Oakland College of Medicine.

Mr. Hynes was married in Alameda, California, to Miss Pauline
Merle on the 5th of February, 1902, and they have one child, Adrien
M., who is eight years of age. In religious faith, Mr. Hynes is a
Catholic, and his political belief is that of the republican party.
He is prominently identified with various fraternal and social organ-
izations, being a member of Piedmont Parlor of the Native Sons
of the Golden West and member of the grand parlor; a past exalted
ruler of the Elks lodge; a member of the Moose; of the University
of California Club; the Unitarian Club of Alameda; and the Alumni
Council of the Newman Club of the University of California.

His social t]ualities and personal worth have won him wide
popularity, while his professional ability ranks him with the repre-
sentative citizens of Oakland.

GEORGE WATKINS HOLLISTER.

One of the most prominent, able and successful members of the
Alameda county bar is George Watkins Hollister, who since 1895
has been in the general practice of his profession in San Francisco.
He was born near Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, October 15, 1866. and
is a son of Levi J. and Lydia (Dodge) Hollister, the former a native
of Ithaca, New York, born in 1820, and the latter of Wisconsin.
The father w'ent to the latter state in 1840 and twenty years later
moved to Kansas, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. From
Kansas he wxnt in 1880 to Oregon, turning his attention to farming
and merchandising and continuing in both lines of occupation until
his death, which occurred in 1904.

George W. Hollister began his education in Wisconsin, later
moving to Kansas, where he continued his studies, graduating from
the high school in Ellsworth in 1881. After laying aside his books
he turned his attention to farming and followed this occupation for
about eight years, abandoning it eventuallv in order to take up the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 81

study of law, a profession which had always attracted him and which
he had determined to make his life work. In 1889 he began reading
with the firm of Bonham & Holmes of Salem, Oregon, and in 1894
was admitted to the bar, coming in the following year to California
and settling in San Francisco, where he has since engaged in the
practice of his profession. Well merited success has attended his
labors during the years, and he has built up a large and representa-
tive patronage, connecting him with much important litigation. He
is known as a strong and able practitioner, possessed of a compre-
hensive and exact knowledge of the underlying principles of his
profession and logical in his application of them, and his success
places him todav among the leading members of the legal fraternity
in this section of the state.

On the 25th of December, 1887, Mr. Hollister was united in
marriage t(j Miss Maude Doty, a daughter of George and Hattie
Doty, of Oregon. Mr. and Mrs. Hollister have three children:
Edward, twenty-three years of age; Roland, twenty; and Gladys,
sixteen.

In the life history of Mr. Hollister there is a creditable military
chapter. On the 27th of April, 1898, he enlisted in the First Cali-
fornia Volunteer Regiment and until September 21, 1899, served
as regimental band master, receiving his honorable discharge when
his regiment was mustered out of the United States service. He
served with distinction in the Philippines, participating in several
important engagements of the Spanish-American war, and since its
close has been a member of the California National Guard. He is
an accomplished musician and an enthusiastic hunter, giving a great
deal of Iiis leisure time to the latter recreation. In military and social
circles of Alameda county he is well known and popular and along
professional lines has gained that distinction which results only
from superior merit and ability.

HENRY F. STEEN.

As Pacific coast manager for the National Biscuit Companv, the
position of Henry F. Steen in commercial circles is one of import-
ance, for in this connection he controls extensive commercial inter-
ests. He was born in Ireland, March 28, 1874, a son of John and
Jane Stccn. After attending public schools of Chicago to the age of
fifteen years, he then entered the Lewis Institute of that city, from

82 HISTORY OF AI..\Mi:i)A COUNTY

which he was graduated at the age of eighteen. He made his initial
step in the business world in connection with the National Biscuit
Company of Chicago, in the capacity of clerk, and his faithfulness
and industry won him recognition that brought about promotion.
He was made cashier and afterward salesman and in December,
1905, was appointed to the position of manager of one of the Chicago
branches of the corporation, there remaining until February, 191 1,
when he was transferred to Los Angeles as superintendent of south-
ern California agencies. After six months spent in that city he came
to Oakland and organized the Pacific coast department, having charge
of fifteen branch houses on the coast with Oakland as headquarters.
They have erected a fine three-story brick building at Fortieth street
and San Pablo avenue for their purpose and are constructing similar
buildings all over the coast, where they have branch houses. Mr.
Steen is the controlling spirit in the development of the business on
the coast and has instituted plans and methods which are proving
directly beneficial as factors in the growth and prosperity of the
business.

On the 7th of May, 1896, in Chicago, Mr. Steen was married to
Miss Eugenie V. Brain, and they have two children: Myrtle, seven-
teen years of age, who is attending high school, and Alfred, eleven
years of age, a pupil in the Emerson public school. The parents hold
membership in the Baptist church, and Mr. Steen belongs to the
order of the Royal Arcanum. His political indorsement is given to
the republican party, but the honors and emoluments of office have
no attraction for him, although he keeps well informed on the ques-
tions of the day and is a public-spirited citizen. His time, however,
is fully occupied with the responsibilities and interests of a growing
business, in control of which he has become recognized as one of the
representative men of his city.

E. N. TAPSCOTT.

E. N. Tapscott, engaged in the real-estate business in Oakland,
is known as the biggest individual owner of subdivided propertv in
Alameda and Contra Costa counties. He is a native of Howards-
ville, Virginia, and a son of ^^^ L. and Sallie E. Tapscott. In the
acquirement of an education he attended successively the public
schools, the Miller Manual School of Albemarle at Miller School,
Albemarle count\, \Miginia, and Gans Academv at Red Bluff,

E. N. TAPSCOTT

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 85

Tehama county, California. Subsequently he removed to Prince-
ton, Colusa county, this state, and there conducted a mercantile estab-
lishment for two years. On the expiration of that period he sold
out and returned to Red Bluff, where he was successfully engaged
in the same business for fifteen years.

Mr. Tapscott then came to Oakland and embarked in the real-
estate business with E. J. Henderson under the firm style of Hender-
son & Tapscott. The partnership was dissolved in January, 191 2, and
since that time Mr. Tapscott has conducted his interests independ-
ently. In 1906 the firm of Henderson & Tapscott put on the market
the Kinsella tract No. i, in Elmhurst, then a rolling country. Next
they subdivided Kinsella tract No. 2. The rolling fields turned into
homes and stores, property values went up and many a person who
had paid a few hundred for a lot realized to the extent of thousands
on the deal. The two tracts, comprising one hundred and fifteen
acres, are now all utilized as city lots. They then purchased one
hundred and six acres on the county line and put the property on the
market as the Henderson & Tapscott tract No. i. Homes sprang up
like mushrooms in the night. The Toler Heights tract, embracing
two hundred acres and located on the beautiful scenic boulevard over-
looking a magnificent pancjrama of city and suburb, lake and bay,
in the annexed district, is another of the many subdivisions which
has proven its great popularity by increasing sales and demand from
the first day it was placed on the market. The lots in this tract are
all fifty feet front with a generous depth. The property contains all
improvements, including water mains, sewers and street work. The
following is an excerpt from a local publication: "Tapscott usually
gets what he wants. He wanted a railroad for the benefit of his
clients in the Toler Heights. He built one extending from the tract
to the East Fourteenth street line of the Oakland Traction Company.
He paid twenty thousand dollars for that railroad and presented it
to the railroad company. Recently the contract was let for forty
thousand dollars worth of sewer work in the tract."

Mr. Tapscott has on the market for himself Boulevard Gardens
tract No. i and Reserve Boulevard tract, comprising one hundred
and sixty acres in citv lots. He purchased the land from a man who
had made a failure of it and turned it into a successful proposition.
Then came North Berkeley Terrace, which rests on a continuation
of the lower range of foothills that shelter Claremont and Piedmont.
The lots in this one hundred and sixty acre tract have proved and
are proving most attractive to home buyers. Mr. Tapscott lias
recently organized tiie East Bay Land Company, of which lie is

8(i HISTORY Ol' ALA.MI-:i)A COfXTV

president and in which he owns one hundred and seventy acres. As
above stated, he owns and controls more subdivided property than
any other individual in either Alameda or Contra Costa counties.
In Contra Costa county alone he owns rive thousand lots in the imme-
diate vicinity of Richmond and the Pullman car shops, all of them
having a frontage on San Pablo avenue. In fact all the western
frontage of San Pablo avenue extending for a distance of three miles
from Berkeley county line to Stege Junction, and extending back to
the foothills, is owned by him. This propertv is superbly beautiful
and is so situated that realty experts declare it cannot but increase
in value to a remarkable extent. His latest acquisition is called
Richmond Junction. He has two hundred acres of fine land with
control of five iiundred more acres. The propertv lies along San
Pablo avenue, beginning at the junction of Cutting boulevard and
extending past Macdonald avenue. The propertv occupies a most
favorable position. It overlooks Richmond, Stege and the Golden
Gate and is considered one of the most valuable pieces of realty in the
vicinity of Richmond. Contract has been let for the grading, macad-
amizing and street work, and on April ist two thousand five hundred
lots were placed on the market, over one million dollars worth of
property being sold in the first few months. Following the sale of
these two thousand five hundred lots, the rest of the acreage will be
subdivided and placed on the market. The Key Route goes through
Richmond Junction and the Santa Fe has a station there. It is the
converging point of three main arteries of travel. The Pullman
shops are located just in front of the property, and it is one of the
most picturesque spots in this section of the state and yet has the
advantage of a commercial center.

.A-n issue of the Home Industry Edition contains the following:
"In all his dealings Mr. Tapscott has earned the highest praise and
commendation for his fair methods of dealing with the working
classes, and the prices and terms arranged for at time of sale have
always been so fair and reasonable that even the most modest wage
earner could meet them without any embarrassment whatever. In
addition to the fair-dealing methods of Mr. Tapscott he also enjoys
the reputation of being one of the best posted men on realty values
in the state, a fact borne out by the volume of business done. 'i"he
headquarters of the Tapscott interests are at 215 to 220 First National
Bank building and suitable branch offices are maintained on ilic
difTerent properties in charge of able and courteous salesmen."

In San Francisco, Mr. Tapscott wedded Miss Lena A. Mcndle-
son. He is independent in politics and is a popular member of the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 87

Athenian Club. Fraternally he is identified with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has passed through all the chairs.
In matters of citizenship he manifests a progressive and public-
spirited interest, yet he devotes the greater part of his attention to
his business, which is constantly growing in volume and importance.

ABE P. LEACH.

Abe P. Leach, who since September 13, 1909, has creditably filled
the position of attorney for the public administrator in Oakland,
was born in Vallejo, California, July 27, 1873, a son of Frank A.
and Mary L. (Powell) Leach. He acquired his early education in
the Oakland grammar and high schools and afterward studied law
in the University of California, receiving the degree of LL. B. in
May, 1895. H^£ was admitted to practice before the supreme court
of the state May 21st of that year and began the practice of his pro-
fession in Oakland, where he has since continued. In 1898 he was
appointed prosecuting attorney of the city, serving with credit and
ability until 1907. Two years later he was appointed attorney for
the public administrator, and he has held this responsible position
from 1909 until the present time. He possesses an exact and compre-
hensive knowledge of the law and a personality which makes his
efforts doubly effective before the court.

On the 6th of February, 1901, Mr. Leach was united in mar-
riage to Miss Freda Curdts and they have become the parents of a
son, Abe P., Jr., aged ten. Mr. Leach gives his political allegiance
to the republican party, is a member of the Masonic fraternity and
belongs to the Nile Club. He is well known in professional, official
and social circles and holds the esteem and confidence of all who are
connected with him.

CHARLES F. MAU.

Charles F. Mau, a veteran of the Franco-Prussian war and since
1873 one of the leading architects of Oakland, where his superior
ability has gained him wide prominence in his profession, was born
in Germany in 1848. He learned his profession in the schools and
colleges of his native country and after completing his education

88 HISTORY Ol' AT.AAIKDA COL'XTV

entered the German army in r868. He served in the Franco-Prus-
sian war, taking part in the battle of Sedan and the siege of Paris.

In 1 87 1 he emigrated to America and settled first in Nevada,
where he engaged in mining and where he still owns valuable min-
ing interests. Mr. Mau afterward engaged in architectural work in
Chicago, Illinois, and in 1873 came to Oakland, opening an office
at the corner of Eighth street and Broadway. He designed and
erected many office buildings in the early days and a number of
these are still standing and in use. In 1875 he built Germania Hall
and followed this by the Old People's Home in Fruitvale. He was
the architect of the Abrahamson, Clifif and Reliance buildings, built
the Acme Athletic Club and the Masonic Temple in Alameda, as
well as many of the historic old residences of the early days. His
later structures include the Pabst Cafe building, the Ghirardelli
home and many other modern residences. He is a member of the
American Institute of Architects and in the course of forty years'
connection with the architectural interests in Oakland has risen
steadily in his profession until he is today one of its leading repre-
sentatives in this part of the state.

ISIr. Mau married Miss Louisa Schumer, and they became the
parents of four children, t\\(i of whom, Alfred and Gladvs, have
passed away, and two of whom, Louis and Carl, survive. Mr. Mau
is a member of the Royal Arch Masons and prominent in the alTairs
of that organization. He has lived in Oakland since 1873 and has
borne an active part in the work of city development since that time,
many of its most important business and residence structures being
the product of his professional skill. He has earned for himself
an enviable reputation as a careful man of business, being known for
his prompt and honorable methods, which have won him the de-
served confidence of his fellow citizens.

WILLIAM DP:LAC0UR.

William Dclacour is well known in Oakland, where he has been
successfully engaged in business since .April. n)o6, manufacturing
a general line of art glass. His birth occurred in "^'oughal, in the
south of Ireland, on the i4tii of November, 1S83, his parents being
Timothy and Katharine Delacour. He atteiuicil the public schools
until fourteen years of age, when he began service as an apprentice
with a stained-glass firm, with whom he remaineil until he had

HISTORY OF ALA:\IEDA COUNTY 89

attained his majority. When twenty-one years of age he made his
way to San Francisco, California, and was there engaged as stained-
glass designer with the Sierra Glass Company until April, 1906.
At that time he came to Oakland and embarked in business on his
own account in association with Mr. Trobock, the firm of Trobock
& Delacour continuing until 1909, when our subject purchased his
partner's interest and has since conducted the enterprise alone. He
manufactures a general line of art glass and has built up a business
of extensive and profitable proportions.

In Oakland Mr. Delacour was united in marriage to Miss Marie
C. Perkins, by whom he has one child, Norbert. He is a member
of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Attracted by the opportunities
of the new -world and especially those of the "golden west," he here
started upon his business career and has already won an enviable
reputation as one of the prosperous, enterprising and respected citi-
zens of Oakland.

JAMES W. McMANNIS.

James W. McMannis. treasurer of the Sibbett Manufacturing
Company, one of the important progressive industries of Oakland,
was born in Washington county, Kentucky, November 30, 1857, and
is a son of James and Angeline McMannis. He attended public
school to the age of sixteen years and then turned his attention to
farming, which he followed until 1878, when he engaged w'ith the
Queen & Crescent Railway Company, having charge of the main-
tenance of way department, until 1892. He next became connected
with the Southern Pacific Railway Company in the same capacity
and was stationed at Sacramento, Lodi and later at Oakland. He
continued in that position until 1904, when he resigned and organized
the Sibbett Manufacturing Company, for the purpose of manufac-
turing a general line of working garments. He was elected treas-
urer of the company and his since guided its financial destiny. They
employ forty people, and the enterprise has been very successful since
its inception, the business steadily growing until the annual sales
now reach a large figure.

On the 17th of May, 1883, Mr. McMannis was married in Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, to Miss Ella N. Williams, and thcv have become the
parents of four children; James W., twenty-eight years of age, who
is n(nv a locomotive engineer on the Southern Pacific Railroad; Ray-

W HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

mond, twenty-six years of age, a marine engineer on the steamship
Paraso; Monica, a nurse at the receiving hospital; and Verano, nine-
teen years of age, a graduate of the high school and now a student
of Heald's Business College. The religious faith of the family is
that of the Catholic church, and the political belief of Mr. McMan-
nis is that of the democratic party. Since starting out in life on his
own account he has worked his way steadily upward by persistent
effort, close application and unfaltering energy, and whatever suc-
cess he has achieved is the direct reward of his labors.

E. N. WALTER.

Among the vounger men prominent in the financial life of Oak-
land is E. N. Walter, vice president of the First National Bank.
Born in Virginia City, Nevada, January 24, 1870, he is a man of the
west and typical of the western spirit that, never daunted, success-
fully overcomes all obstacles or adverse conditions. His father was
William A. Walter, a California pioneer, who came to this state in
1852, locating in Oakland in the early '70s. He took an active part
in public affairs, serving for two terms on the city council and for
one term as president thereof. For many years and up to the time
of his death he was connected with tiie Wells-Fargo Express Com-
pany in Oakland in an important position.

E. N. Walter, after attending public scliool in Oakland, entered
the employ of the Wells-Fargo Express Company, but in 1887
changed positions, beginning his banking career with the First
National Bank of Oakland. He has ever since been connected with
this important institution, having watched its phenomenal growth
and grown with its progress. He worked his way through various
departments and, his ability being recognized, was called upon to
fill more and more responsible positions until on Januarv i, 191 2, he
was elected vice president of the institution. He has ever since given
his whole energv toward the building up of the bank and to him
must be attributed a large measure of the enormous business which
is now passing through its hands. Thoroughly well informed upon
the financial situation, he manages the affairs under his direction ablv
and has become recognized as an authority on banking, his reputa-
tion far exceeding the confines of his city.

in 1912 Mr. Walter was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Lewis.
Mr. N\'altcr has always been an ardent lo\er of sports and lias taken

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 91

an active part in athletics, finding therein an even bahince to his
strenuous and confining duties. He was one of the founders and
commodore of t"he California Yacht Club and in 1904, when the
Oakland Baseball Club was put on a business basis, he was made
secretary and was president thereof from 1906 until 19 13. He was
the first secretary and the second president of the organization. It
was through his efforts that the club, which won the championship
of the Pacific Coast League in 191 2, was placed on a secure financial
basis. The Oakland Club of 1913 was practically the same as the
igi2 team. Mr. Walter is also well known in fraternal circles, being
a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and a promi-
nent Mason, having been treasurer of the local lodge for fifteen
years and having attained the Royal Arch degree. He is deeply
interested in all that pertains to the welfare of the city, and his sup-
port can ever be enlisted in any worthy cause.

HENRY D. CUSHING.

Henry D. Cushing, a well known and prosperous merchant of
Oakland, has since 1909 served as president of the firm of H. D.
Cushing & Company, conducting a general retail grocery establish-
ment. His birth occurred in Shasta county, California, on the i8th
of September, 1865, his parents being John and Annette Cushing.
In the acquirement of an education he attended the public schools
of Oakland until eighteen years of age and then became a clerk in
his father's grocery store, subsequently securing an interest in the
business, which was conducted under the name of John Cushing &
Son. In 1897 he took full control of the business, changing the style
of the concern to H. D. Cushing. He has been at the head of this
retail grocery establishment throughout the intervening sixteen years
and has enjoyed an extensive trade, carrying a large and well selected
line of staple and fancv groceries and doing everything possible to
please his patrons. He was one of the organizers of the Alameda
County Retail Merchants' Association and acts as treasurer thereof.
Mr. Cushing was likewise one of the organizers of the Merchants'
Exchange and for thirteen vears served as a director and also in the
capacity of treasurer.

In Oakland, on the nth of July, 1900, Mr. Cushing was united
in marriage to Miss Edna A. Cook, by whom he has three children.

92 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Phillip H., Charles and Barbara, who are eleven, eight and five years
of age, respectively.

Mr. Gushing gives his political allegiance to the' republican party
and is a Unitarian in religious faith, while fraternally he is identified
with the Native Sons, belonging to Oakland Parlor, No. 50. He is
likewise a member of the Nile and Commercial Clubs and was one
of the organizers and a director of the Chamber of Commerce. His
fellow townsmen recognize his merit and ability and his business
colleagues and contemporaries entertain the warmest admiration for
his many good qualities.

ABRAHAM JONAS.

This history presents the record of no other citizen more thor-
oughly imbued with the spirit of public progress than Abraham
Jonas. He has ever been a man of fair judgment, broadminded and
sagacious, and in working for the public welfare he has looked
beyond the exigencies of the moment to the possibilities and opportu-
nities of the future. Oakland numbers him among its representative,
useful and worthy citizens, to whose initiative spirit the city owes the
establishment of one of its best known men's clothing and furnishing
stores, the development of which has resulted directly from his reso-
lute energv and unremitting industry, whereby the establishment
has advanced from an humble beginning to its present large propor-
tions. For almost thirty-five years he remained active in its man-
agement and only recently retired from its presidency and from
active mercantile life, having won rest and leisure, which he now
enjoys and which enables him to direct his energies into fields of pub-
lic activity relative to the further growth and development of Oak-
land. He finds broad scope for his labors in his present position as
president of the Chamber of Commerce.

Mr. Jonas was born in Germany in 1855 and supplemented his
public-school education by a commercial course, after which he
sailed for America in T<S7q, with Oakland as his destination. He
accepted a minor position in a clothing house, but his energy and
ambition — his dominant qualities — brought him to the front and
after two years' residence here he founded what is now the Hub
Clothing Company, beginning business in a little store on Broadway,
between Sixth and Seventh streets. The enterprise was established
in a modest way. but during the thirty-six years of its existence its

ABRAHAit .TOXAS

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 95

growth has been of a steady and healthful character. The business
was in due time incorporated and at different periods when he felt
that his trade would warrant Mr. Jonas removed to larger quarters,
ultimately occupying one of the finest and most modern business
structures of the city at 1103 Broadway. As his sons Milton and
Irving reached an age whereby they were qualified to take up onerous
business duties and responsibilities they were admitted to partnership
and the business was incorporated with Mr. Jonas as president, his
elder son, Irving, as secretary and manager, and the younger son as
vice president and assistant manager. These positions they still hold,
although they have entire charge of the business, their father having
recently retired from active participation therein. The store was
established on sound, conservative business principles, to which close
adherence has been maintained throughout the intervening years,
and the result of this policy is seen today in the company's prosperity.

Mr. Jonas is one of the leading figures in the affairs of the Oak-
land Chamber of Commerce, in which he has served for several
years as a member of the board of directors and as chairman of its
finance committee. In the latter position he gave demonstration of
his ability by placing the affairs of the chamber on a firm financial
and business basis. His fellow members, recognizing his valuable
services, elected him president, which position he now occupies. At
the time of his induction into office a local paper spoke of him as
follows:

"To the work which President Jonas takes up he brings special
qualifications. He has served successfully as president of the Mer-
chants' Exchange, has held high station upon all occasions of cere-
mony and big commercial endeavor in the city's latter years. He
has been a student of the city's conditions and her needs. He is pos-
sessed of masterful executive ability, is self-reliant, courageous and
alert. The plans which he speaks of for the Oakland forward move-
ment will be carried out by him to the letter.

"Moreover, the Chamber of Commerce is an institution of estab-
lished reputation. It is nation-wide in its acquaintanceship and
influence. It has priority of claim to favor by reason of accomplish-
ment already wrought. It stands today in the forefront of all matters
related to Oakland's vital interests; has in hand vast schemes for local
advancement and deep-laid plans for yet further achievement.

"The Oakland Chamber of Commerce is non-political and
entirely free from danger of being made use of to further the low
ambition of individual exploiters. It is free and untrammeled in its
commercial and industrial policv and beyond the reach of selfish

06 TIISTCIRV OF ALAMRDA COL'XTY

combinations. It stands for the city's dignity, and wealth, and indus-
try, and power.

"President Jonas takes the hehn of the Chamber oi Commerce
at a moment fraught with portentous consequence to tlie welfare of
Oakland. The immediate opening of the Panama canal, the con-
struction of the Oakland harbor upon the Rces plans, the extension
of the transportation facilities and centralization of terminals, the
conquest of trade at home and abroad — the establishment of Oakland
as the port of the Pacific — all these are possibilities and coming events
of the highest importance. Upon the proper placing of this citv in
the rapidly approaching new situatiiMi depends its destiny for all
time. If it is placed forward where it belongs it will outrun all
other cities of the coast within ten years from the passage of the first
commercial ship through the isthmus.""

Mr. Jonas was for many years a director of the Merchants" Ex-
change and in 190:; was elected its president, about which time the
tunnel road was built. He took an active part in that movement,
which connected Contra Costa and Alameda counties and which is
tlie largest wagon road tunnel in the world. Mr. Jonas makes these
connections with the different organizations mentioned the avenues
by which he accomplishes important work of civic service, for he is
at all times interested in the growth and welfare of Oakland and is
untiring in his efforts to promote the city's advancement. For a
number of years he has been a str(jng advocate of the consolidation
of the city and county governments, has been chairman of the com-
mission and iias done everything in his power to bring this about as
a means toward securing a "Greater Oakland." He iias made a
careful study of European and American conditions in city building
and business development and believes in the concentration of power.
So earnestlv and steadfastly has he worked for such a consummation
that he is often called "The Father of Consolidation."" He hopes to
live to see the consummation of tlie plan, which from the recent
changes in the law may soon be realized.

Anian of wide cliaritv, Mr. Jonas has of late years devoted much
time to piiilanthropic work and during the San I'rancisco Hre of i(;ii^
he was vice president of the executive committee whicii had charge
of tlie relief work and ga\e much of time ami monev to tlie cause. He
is keenly alert to all measures for the relief of the worthy poor and
in charities takes an active part. For years he has been a director in
the Non-Sectarian Associated Charities. He is treasurer and a direc-
tor of the Associated Cliarities and was appointed bv Mayor Mott

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 1)7

one of the five commissioners of the municipal wood vard, the pur-
pose of which is the relief of the unemployed.

Mr. Jonas has extensive and important fraternal relations, being
a member of the Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and
the Knights of Pythias. He is past grand president of the Indepen-
dent Order of B'Nai B'rith, for the last fifteen years has been a
supreme representative of the order and is the president of the syna-
gogue of the First Hebrew congregation. For the last thirty-two
years he has been a member of the board of directors and also treas-
urer for years of Oakland. He was the incumbent at the time when
the old synagogue was built in 1886, and he is now promoting the
construction of a new synagogue of which the city of Oakland may
well be proud and which will soon be dedicated.

Another important work in which Mr. Jonas has been engaged
has been to some degree the assistance rendered Rabbi Friedlander in
revising the Jewish prayer book, which as revised was afterward
approved by the conference of American rabbis. This revised prayer
book is now in use in the congregation and fills a long felt want in
the interpreting of the modern spirit of religion.

In 1881, in Oakland, he was united in marriage with Miss Katie
Hartman of this city, and they are the parents of four children:
Gertrude, wife of Otto Hirschman of New York; Corinne, wife of
Morris Goldtree of San Francisco; and Irving and Milton, pre-
viously mentioned.

His business career has been actuated by laudable ambition and
characterized by unfaltering industry, combined with a close adher-
ence to a high standard of business ethics. It would be difficult to
point out any one characteristic as his most pronounced trait, for his
is a most evenly balanced character, in which business capacity and
power are matched by the recognition of life's purposes and the
obligation of man to his fellowmen. The importance of the work he
has accomplished along commercial, civic and moral lines in Oak-
land cannot be overestimated.

JOSEPH EUGENE BAKER.

Joseph Eugene Baker was widclv known on the Pacific coast as
editorial writer for the Oakland Tribune, remaining in that connec-
tion for sixteen years. He was horn near Conycrs, not far from
Atlanta, Georgia, January 10, 1H47, and in Iiis boyhood accompanied

98 HISTORY OF ALA:\IEDA COUNTY

his parents to Texas. He supplemented study in private schools by
a course in a local academy, which he attended to the age of sixteen
years. Soon afterward he joined the Confederate service as a soldier
in the Army of the Tennessee, in which his uncle. Brigadier General
Alpheus Baker, commanded a brigade. He followed the fortunes
of war with his command and during the progress of hostilities it
was said that although a boy in his teens he took an active part in
compelling the proper and humane treatment of Union prisoners.

After the close of the war he visited Mexico, then in the throes
of the republican revolution against the misguided and unfortunate
Emperor Maximilian. Being equipped with letters from both im-
perial and revolutionary authorities granting him free transit, he
traversed the country at will and witnessed the fluctuations of the
tide of war which ended in the tragic death of Maximilian at Quera-
taro and the birth of the republic of Mexico under the presidency of
Juarez. Subsequently he visited Brazil and ascended the Amazon
river to the highest point which had then been reached by a white
man, his purpose being to study the agricultural possibilities oi that
region. With the same purpose in view he went to Rio de Janeiro
and explored the interior of southern Brazil. In 1868 he entered
the employ of a St. Louis tobacco house, which he represented as
traveling salesman in the central part of Texas until 1870. He after-
ward drove a herd of cattle from Texas to the Laramie plains of
Wyoming and while enroutc camped upon the present site of Okla-
homa City. From the Laramie plains he drove a herd of cattle to
Salt Lake City, where he remained until .^L^rch, 1873. Subsequently
he went to Pioche, Nevada, where he engaged in mining and after-
ward turned his attention to newspaper work. In 1877 he removed
to Tybo, Nevada, where he became a smelter in a mining camp,
while afterward he was connected with a weekly newspaper until
the spring of 1879.

While with the Meadow Lake Mining Company he had with
him a crowd of fellow workers who afterward became verv distin-
guished, including Judge Beatty, George Story Curtis, grandson of
Justice Story of the United States supreme court, and Henrv T.
Creswell, one of tiie best known members of the San Francisco bar.
His association with tiiese ilistinguished men greativ influenced iiis
future life and turned his thoughts into a literary ciiannel, bringing
him at last to a position as one of the best and most versatile and
accomplished writers of California. From Pioche Mr. Baker went
to Belmont and thence to Tybo, Nevada, and after working in a
smelter there became interested in a small newspaper. During that

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 99

period he read thoughtfully the works of Addison, Carlyle, Ma-
caulay and other standard essayists and also spent many hours with
Hume's History of England. In fact, his reading was broad and of
a most excellent character. Possessing a wonderfully retentive mem-
ory, he gathered a store of material from which he could draw at
will in future years, finding on almost every occasion something that
applied to the subject matter in hand. In writing of this period of
his career the Oakland Tribune said, following his death: "When
the mining company operating the smelter at Tybo closed down Mr.
Baker moved to Bodie, Mono county, which at that time was one
of the richest quartz mining camps in this state, and he lived there
and thereabouts for some time. During a winter spent in a mountain
cabin near the shore of the lake Mr. Baker witnessed the slide of
an avalanche of snow down the flank of the Sierran peak and with
a deafening roar tearing a great gap through the forest of gigantic
pines fringing the shores of the lake, grinding them into kindling
wood on its way and moving with such tremendous velocity that
when it struck the frozen surface of the lake the floe swept swiftly
over the ice and ascended far up the flank of the mountain at whose
base his own cabin was located, ripping out in its course the big
pines by the roots and incorporating them in the wreckage it created.
The scene was so extraordinary and impressive that Mr. Baker wrote
an account of it for the newspaper, which revealed his great descrip-
tive powers. It has been described as the most graphic description
of an avalanche ever published, not in any sense equaled in vividity
by any of the numerous productions of distinguished writers who
have described in their works the great snow avalanches which have
periodically swept down the flanks of the European Alps, carrying
death and disaster into the valleys at their feet."

At a later date Mr. Baker was employed for a time as a writer
on one of the Reno, Nevada, newspapers. He afterward removed to
Bodie. California, and for a short time was connected with the Bodie
Daily News and afterward had charge of the Bodie Standard until
1 88 1. In that year he removed to Lundy, California, where he began
the publication of a weekly paper. While thus engaged he was
offered and accepted a position in a surveying party, which work
took him across the mountains to the town of Sonora and it was dur-
ing his residence there that he met the lady who afterward became
his wife and the mother of his three children, a son and two daugh-
ters. He was editor of the Sonora Union Democrat until 1885, in
which year he spent a few months on the local stafT of the Chronicle
and later on the local staff of the Examiner, where he remained until

100 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

1887, when he became city editor of the Alta California, which posi-
tion he held until 1891. He then became managing editor of the
Oakland Times, with whicii he was connected until the summer of
1892, when he took editorial charge of the Fresno Expositor. After
a year spent in Fresno, California, he returned to San Francisco and
engaged on the special stalif of the Chronicle until 1893. He then
became managing editor of the Oakland Times, but resigned in 1895
to become general overseer of the state prison at Folsom. He retained
that office until June, 1900, when he tendered his resignation. He
was for sixteen years editorial writer on the Oakland Tribune, which
position he held at the time of his demise.

In every place where Mr. Baker resided he made many friends
and his friendships comprised invariably the brightest men in eacii
community, by whom he was held in the highest respect for his
native abilitv, sterling integrity, great mentality and strength of
character. He always took an active interest in politics and as a
stanch democrat ranked among the leaders of the party in this state
and in Nevada. "But," said one of his closest friends and greatest
admirers in speaking of Air. Baker's career, "he was not a hide-
bound democrat. He was a democrat with sound discrimination,
which was exemplified by the support he gave Judge Beatty during
his two candidacies for a position on the bench in Nevada and when
he \\as a candidate for the chief justiceship of the supreme court of
this state, to which he was elected and which position he has since
held with abilitv, honor and distinction. But while he was an ardent
democrat, Mr. Baker was not an office seeker. When Governor
Budd was elected he appointed Mr. Baker to a position at the Fol-
som state prison, which he accepted and held during Governor Budd's
term. It was the only public office he ever held and that came to
him unsolicited and unsought."

Following the death of Mr. Baker, which occurred at his home
in Oakland on the 19th of March, 1914. P^H^^'''* "^ th'S and adjoining
states commented upon his career and from these the following
excerpts have been made: "Baker was ever loyal to the craft. He
believed the newspaper was the greatest power on earth and the
paper he attached himself to was dominant authority in the locality
where it was published and if it was not he generally aided in making
it such. Baker was brusque but kind. His friendship rang true.
He ranks with Frank M. Pixley, Arthur McKewen and John P.
Irisli as a leader among editorial writers of this generation. He was
direct, powerful and caustic in his style and he was a general in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 101

command of the English language." Another said: "In the death
of Joseph Baker of the Oakland Tribune California newspaperdom
loses one of its strongest and most trenchant writers. Baker was no
ordinary man. His erudition covered a wide field. His memory
was a veritable storehouse of facts, on which he was able to draw
for any subject at any time." The Woodland Democrat writes:
"He was one of the ablest editorial writers in the state and was such
a careful student of public questions that his ambitions were regarded
with the greatest respect by his contemporaries. Although editor of
a republican paper he was a democrat of the old school and through-
out his whole life he was an ardent supporter of democratic prin-
ciples, having a record tor loyalty, devotion and integrity that is
stainless and unblemished. His journalistic career was brilliant,
full of years and honest achievements, and his private virtues were
worthy of emulation." The personal note is touched in the words of
a writer in the Contra Costan, published at Richmond, California:
"In the death of Editor Joe Baker this writer feels that he has lost
a good friend, but there are thousands of others who feel the same
way, for he had friends everywhere by the countless hundreds. We
seldom ever went to Oakland that we did not drop into the Tribune
office and chat a few moments with Colonel Joe, and they were
always bright moments, for he was a good man and a man of noble
instincts and fine traits of character. It was a pleasure and a privi-
lege to know him and to be counted among his friends. He was a
broad and liberal-minded man, \\ith a big brain, a big heart and lots
of soul." Still another said: "Baker was as big of heart and mind
as the great west which developed him. That he worked in the mines
in commonplace positions even into his young manhood might seem
strange in one so extraordinarly gifted intellectually, but while thus
employed he was burning the candle into the morning hours, putting
away for future use a treasure store of information that finally
brought him distinction and honor in the profession he so splendidly
ad(jrned. His paragraphs were as fresh and clean as the fine man-
hood he typified, while his more profound observations were as logi-
cally powerful as they were entertaining and instructive."

A well merited tribute to his memory was paid by the Oakland
Observer in the following: "An American man of the old school is
dead. The customary phrase is 'a gentleman of the old school' — and
few ever held in ampler measure the finer qualities of the gentleman
than Joseph E. Baker — but, as the tribute to Iiis memory from all
his associates is not perfunctory, I tiiink it is beter to speak of him
in the more enviable and descriptive words, 'an American man of the

102 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUXTY

old' school.' Baker was an American of the period when men were
needed. He was embrued in the Civil war. He was a pioneer and
adventurer into far places. He had the Ulyssean spirit that has made
this nation. He sought the sources of the Amazon. He was in
Mexico during the days of Maximilian. He trekked to the west in
the times that we know now only through the record of Remington.
He lived the life of the frontier American. In journalism he was
vigorous, sometimes intemperate, but always true to his convictions,
right or wrong though they might have been. But his adversaries
always respected his manly qualities, as he always respected the
manly qualities of his adversaries. In his enmities he was severe and
uncompromising; in his friendships sincere and unreserved. He
belonged to the type that made his country — the basic type of initia-
tive, courage and vigor. He is a type that cannot be replaced; it
remains only as an inspiration to the coming generation. We mourn
to see another gap in the ranks of the Old Guard of real Americans,
but our sorrow is subordinated to the pride we possess in what these
men have done. Baker would not have us sentimentalize over him.
He deserves the plain, untearful tribute of respect that the soldier
accords to the comrade who falls in the van of the charge."

EMIL LEHNHARDT.

A man whose force of character, business insight and genius for
organization made him one of the leaders in the business develop-
ment of Oakland was Emil Lehnhardt, well and prominently known
as the founder and upbuilder of one of the largest candy, confection-
erv and ice cream manufacturing establishments in the bay cities.
During practically the entire period of his active life he gave his
energy and attention to this enterprise, with the result that it devel-
oped from small beginnings to its present large proportions.

Mr. Lehnhardt was born in New York city and is of German
ancestry, his father having been a native of Mainz on the Rhine and
his mother of Westphalia, Germany. In that country his grand-
father started the first lithograph establishment and for a number
of years served as lithographer to the crown, some of the official
maps of his making having been in the possession of the subject of
this review. His son, the father of our subject, came to America in
the early \(;os and was one of the founders of the German Turners
Societv in New York citv.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 105

Emil Lehnhardt came to California in 1868 and after complet-
ing a course in the public schools of San Francisco learned the
trade of watchmaking. He afterward became connected with a large
wholesale jewelry house, acting as traveling representative of that
concern for five years, during which he journeyed along the coast as
far south as Mexico and as far east as the Rocky mountains. When
he severed his connection therewith he turned his attention to the
candy and confectionery manufacturing business, opening a small
plant on Fourteenth street, near the city hall in Oakland. Being a
conscientious, energetic and capable worker, he met with immediate
success in the conduct of his business and the enterprise grew so rapidly
that in 1895 he was obliged to seek larger quarters. He established
his second plant at 1309-13 Broadway and year by year enlarged this
as the business expanded. The concern now gives employment to one
hundred and forty people, this working force having gradually
developed from the time when Mr. Lehnhardt employed only four
men and did himself as much work as five. The factory and parlors
are as complete as those of the leading confectionery firms in the east
and the equipment is modern in every detail. Mr. Lehnhardt con-
tinued in active business until his death, which occurred January 26,
iQi I, after which his wife assumed charge. LInder her able manage-
ment the concern has continued its phenomenal growth, for she has
proven a woman of executive ability and keen business insight and
has held the concern to its enviable position among the leading enter-
prises of its kind on the coast. She and her husband had planned a
new factory and after his death she carried out the plans, completing
the fine modern factory at Twenty-fourth and Grove streets.

On the 5th of July, 1883, Mr. Lehnhardt was united in marriage
to Miss Hattie Marcus, a native of New York city, who came to
California with her parents when she was still an infant. Her father
engaged in general merchandising in San Francisco in the early '70s
and continued there until his death, building up a large and important
enterprise. Mr. and Mrs. Lehnhardt became the parents of two
children: Edna Anita, who married E. J. Cowing, of Oakland, by
whom she has two children ; and Emil, attending school.

Mr. Lehnhardt was a member of the Athenian and Nile Clubs
of Oakland and was very active in the Masonic fraternity, holding
membership in the lodge, chapter, commandery and shrine. He
gave his political allegiance to the republican party but, although he
was interested in public afifairs as a progressive and public-spirited
citizen, he was not active as an office seeker, constantly refusing all
political honors and emoluments. For a number of years he was a

106 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

director in the Unitarian church of Oakhmd and was known as a man
of broad but unostentatious charity, giving largely of his time and
means to the help of the needy and afflicted but adhering closely to the
Bible maxim of "never letting his right hand know what his left hand
did." He was a man whose merit and ability carried him forward
into important relations with many phases of community life' and
during the course of a long and active career his integrity remained
unquestioned and his popularity unbounded. His death was sincerely
mourned bv a wide circle of friends.

WILLIAM CHRISTOPHER WOOD.

William Christopher Wood, who since January i, 1914, has been
state commissioner of secondary schools, was connected with
educational interests of Alameda as city superintendent of schools
for a period of five years. He is a native son of California, born in
Elmira, Solano county, December 10. 1880. His father, Emerson
Wood, was born in East Smithfield, Pennsylvania, in 1844, and after
graduating from Abingdon College, Illinois, turned his attention to
teaching, following this occupation in Illinois and Kansas. He was
a soldier in the Civil war, marching with General Sherman from
Atlanta, Georgia, to Raleigh, North Carolina, and upon the organi-
zation of the Grand Army of the Republic identified himself with
the afifairs of the association, becoming commander of J. W. Geary
Post. He came to California in 1875 and in Solano county engaged
in farming until his death, which occurred in May, 1898. The
paternal branch of this family is one of the oldest in America, being
descended from Sir William Wood, who visited the northern Atlan-
tic coast in 1632, wrote an account of his observations and called it
"The New England Prospect." The great-grandfather of the sub-
ject of this review was born at Westminster, Massachusetts, in 1761.
At the age of sixteen he enlisted in the Continental army and served
in the defense of Boston in 1780. He died in 1825, at East Smith-
field, Pennsylvania. His son, Joel \\'ood, the grandfather of the
subject of this review, was born in Massachusetts in 18 10 and when
he was two years of age was brought to East Smithfield, where he
grew to manhood. He became a minister and a farmer, following
both occupations in Pennsylvania, Illinois and Kansas and dying
in Thurman, in the latter state, in 1907. Emerson Wood married

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 107

iMiss Martha Turner, a daughter of Jackson and Mary Turner, of
Missouri.

In the acquirement of an education William C. Wood attended
public school in Solano county and was afterward a student in the
Leland Stanford University and the University of California. He
immediately identified himself with educational interests, becoming
principal of the Fairfield schools and in 1906 principal of the Lin-
coln school of Alameda. Having proved himself an able educator,
he was called upon on the ist of January, 1909, to fill out an unex-
pired term as superintendent of schools of this city and in recogni-
tion of his efifective and far-reaching work was elected to the posi-
tion in May, 191 1, for a term of four years. In January, 1914, he
resigned his position to assume his duties as state commissioner of
secondary schools. He has proved efficient, conscientious and capa-
ble in the discharge of his duties and has already left the impress
of his work and personality upon the educational history of the state.

In 1905 Mr. Wood was united in marriage to Miss Agnes Kerr, a
daughter of Andrew and Eudora Kerr of Fairfield, California. Mr.
and Mrs. Wood have one child, Willsie, who is seven years of age.
Mr. Wood is an enthusiastic fisherman and, in fact, is devoted to
all kinds of outdoor sports, being particularly interested in moun-
tain climbing, to which he gives a great deal of his leisure time. He
has tramped for pleasure over the Sierra Nevadas and the Canadian
Rockies and can relate many interesting incidents of his travels.
Fraternally he is past exalted ruler of Alameda Lodge, No. 101 q,
B. P. O. E., and he is identified with Oak Grove Lodge, F. & A. M.,
and the National Union of Alameda. He is in addition vice presi-
dent of the Unitarian Club of this city. In his official capacity he
did much to promote the cause of public education in this commu-
nity, managing the school's of the citv in a systematic and businesslike
way and reaping the reward of his well directed labors in the
increased efficiency of the pupils and teachers alike.

GEORGE KIRCHNER.

George Kirchner, a partner in the firm of Kirchncr & Mante,
representatives in Oakland of the Seattle Brewing & Malting Com-
pany of Seattle, Washington, was born at Vertheim, Germanv, Jan-
uary 22, 1868, a son of Fritz Kirchner. He was a public school
pupil to the age of fourteen years and then came to the United States

108 HISTORY Ol- ALA.MKDA COL'XTY

in 1882, settling in San Francisco, where he served an apprenticeship
with Lang Brothers, bcjttlers, with whom he remained for two years.
He was afterward employed in various bottling establishments until
1888, when he entered the employ of the Bufifalo Bottling Company
at Oakland, with which he continued as bottler for five years. He
then entered the bottling business on his own account, and soon after-
ward entered into a partnership with F. Mante under the firm style
of Kirchner & Mante. They represent the Seattle Brewing & Malt-
ing Company of Seattle, the largest brewery on the Pacific coast,
in a business which has been constantly growing and which has won
them a substantial measure of success.

In Oakland in 1893 ^^^- Kirchner was married to Miss Dora
Lueddeke, and they have four children, Helen, Minna Dora, Fritz
and George. Mr. Kirchner belongs to the Merchants' Exchange
and the Chamber of Commerce, and also holds membership in the
Eintracht, the Sons of Herman, the Eagles, the Oakland Turnverein
and the Loyal Order of Moose. He has never had occasion to regret
his determination to come to the new world, for here he found the
business opportunities A\hich he sought and in their improvement
has made steadv advancement.

NORALA.N FISK PEART.

Since 1906 Norman Fisk Peart has been successfully engaged in
business at Oakland as president of the firm of Peart, Incorporated,
who handle automobile tires and also conduct a repair shop. As
their business has grown they have established branches in San Fran-
cisco and Berkeley. His birth occurred in San Francisco, Califor-
nia, on the 19th of September, 1878, his parents being Benjamin and
Sophia Peart, who in iSSS established their home at ^^'oodland, Yolo
county, this state.

Norman F. Peart obtained his education in the graded and high
schools of Woodland and following his graduation, in 1897, spent
one year as a student in the University of California. Subsequentlv
he returned to San Francisco, where for four years lie was emploved
as clerk with the Overland Freight & Transportation Company. He
next acted as salesroom foreman for the Mobile Carriage Company i
until 1906, when he resigned his position and came to Oakland, here
opening an automobile tire and repairing establishment. Mr. Peart
manifests excellent executive ability and sound judgment in his

HISTORY OF ALA^iIEDA COUXTY 109

capacity as president of the firm of Peart, Incorporated, wliich has
enjoyed continuous growth and prosperity, so that branches have
been opened in San Francisco and Berkeley.

In San Francisco, on the 15th of March, 1906, Mr. Peart was
united in marriage to Miss Kate Ralston, by whom he has two
children, Madeline and Ruth. He is a republican in politics and
belongs to the Nile and Rotary Clubs.

DAN ANDKER.

Dan Andker has been engaged in business as an undertaker of
Oakland since 1909, in which year he organized the firm of Andker
& Company, of which he is the president. His birth occurred in
Odense, Denmark, on the 19th of April, 1865, his parents being
Anders and Mortensen Andker. He attended the public schools
until a youth of fourteen and afterward worked with his father, a
gardener, until twenty years of age. Subsequently he spent three
and a half years as a soldier in the army and on the expiration of that
period emigrated to the United States, settling in San Francisco,
California, where he worked in a tailor shop for three years. At the
end of that time he came to Oakland and here was employed as a
tailor by Joseph Poeheim for six years. Subsequently he spent two
years in the service of Lancaster & Rehor, tailors, and was then
engaged as a tailor with John J. Andersen until 1909. In that year
he embarked in the undertaking business, organizing the firm of
Andker & Company, of which he has since served as president. Suc-
cess has come to him in this connection, for his is a well appointed
and up-to-date establishment and the service rendered is of the
very best.

Mr. Andker has been married twice. On the 21st day of Decem-
ber, 1889, in San Francisco, he wedded Miss Clara Andker, whose
demise occurred in August, 1906. On the 28th of December. 1909,
in Sacramento, California, he was again married, his second union
being with Mrs. Ella Biggi. His children are three in number,
namely: Exe, twenty-one years of age; Carla, who is fourteen years
old and a public-school student; and Norman Dan, who is two years
of age. The last named was born of his second marriage.

In his political views Mr. Andker is a republican, while his
religious faith is that of the Lutheran church. He is a member of
all the Danish societies and likewise belongs to the Masonic order.

110 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

the Fraternal Brotherhood, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
the Knights of Pythias, the Woodmen of the World and the Improved
Order of Red Men. Coming to the new world in early manhood,
he here found tlie opportunities which he sought and in their wise
utilization has won a place among the substantial and representative
citizens of his communitv.

FRANK R. CRAWFORD.

Frank R. Crawford is the superintendent of the Oakland Crema-
tion Association, which was incorporated on the 28th of June, 1901.
His birth occurred in Sonoma county, California, on the 4th of Jan-
uary, i860, his parents being T. B. and Sarah Crawford. The father,
who was born in Scotland on the 21st of May, 1830, acquired his edu-
cation in that country and in 1849 emigrated to the United States,
settling in Tuolumne county, California, where he was engaged in
mining until 1863. In that year he removed to Calaveras county
and was there identified with copper mining as superintendent of a
mine until 1869, when he went to Stockton, San Joaquin county,
and embarked in the steamboat business, his craft plying between
Stockton and San Francisco. In 1900 he put aside active business
cares and the remainder of his life was spent in honorable retire-
ment. In 1884 he had taken up his abode in Oakland, here continu-
ing to reside until called to his final rest in 1912. The period of his
residence in Oakland covered twenty-eight years and he was widely
recognized as one of its prosperous, representative and respected
citizens.

Frank R. Crawford attended the public schools of Sonoma, Cali-
fornia, and then accompanied his parents on their removal to
Stockton, this state, where he continued his education in the public
schools until 1884. In that year he came to Oakland and after-
ward worked as a machinist in the service of the San Francisco Tool
Company of San Francisco until 1888, while subsequently he was
engaged as engineer for the Pacific Mail Steamship Company until
1902. He then returned to Oakland and took charge of the construc-
tion of the Oakland Crematorium, continuing as superintendent of
the same. The officers for 19 12- 13 are as follows: George W. Reed,
president; Dr. F. R. Jordan, vice president; Horace E. Smith, secre-
tary; First National Bank, treasurer; George W. Reed, Dr. F. R.
Jordan, the late M. T. Emmert, F. F. Mood, the late A. E. H.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 111

Cramer, George R. Crane and Dr. E. T. Hosford, directors. The
crematorium is fully equipped with the best and latest improved
appliances for incineration, which work is performed by competent
men of long experience. The columbarium is one of the finest in
the world for the reception of ashes. The magnificent fireproof
building is modern in every respect and contains thousands of niches
for the benefit of those who desire permanent resting places for the
ashes of their dead. The oflice of the Oakland Cremation Asso-
ciation is in the Crematorium building at Howe and Mather streets.
The Pacific contains a well written article setting forth the wisdom
of cremating the dead and states that "in 1890 there were three hun-
dred and seventy-two cremations in the United States. In 1900 the
number was two thousand three hundred and eighty-nine. In 1908
it was three thousand four hundred and sixty-two. Nearly one-third
of the number for 1908 was in San Francisco, the figures being one
thousand one hundred and four. The number in New York that
year was seven hundred and twenty-three. The number of crema-
tories in operation in the United States at that time was twenty-five.
The crematory in Oakland, operated by the Oakland Cremation
Association, first used in June, 1902, had three hundred and twelve
incinerations in 1903, nine hundred and thirtv-one in 191 1 and over
one thousand in 1912."

On the i6th of February, 1901, Mr. Crawford was joined in
wedlock to Miss May Kennedy, the ceremony taking place in Oak-
land. He is a republican in politics, and his religious views accord
with those of the Christian Science church. He belongs to the Ma-
rine Engineers and is identified fraternally with the Royal Arch
Masons. His genuine worth and his devotion to all that is right, just
and elevating, make him a man whom to know is to respect and
honor.

JOHN HEAFEY.

John Heafey is the junior member of the firm of Chambers &
Heafey, contractors of Oakland, who are engaged in general cement
construction, sewer work and water works. He came to Oakland
in 1901 and has resided here continuously throughout the intervening
twelve years. His birth occurred in County Waterford, Ireland, on
the 3rd of June, 1S81, his parents being John and Margaret Heafev.
Mc attended the public scliools until a vouth of sixteen and subse-

112 HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY

quentlv worked for his father until he had attained the age of nine-
teen years. At that time he emigrated to the United States, making
his way direct to Oakland, California. Here he secured employ-
ment as a carpenter with his brother William, engaged in the con-
tracting business, remaining in his service until 1907, when he
became a partner of his brother. In January, 191 1, he sold out to
his brother and formed a partnership with Mr. Chambers under
the name of Chambers & Heafey, which firm has built up an exten-
sive and profitable business in general cement construction, sewer
work and water works. The junior partner is a young man who has
been well trained in his chosen field of labor and merits the success
which he now enjoys.

On the 7th of February, 191 1, in Sebastopol, California, Mr.
Heafey was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary McSorley. He gives
his political allegiance to the republican party and has fraternal
relations with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, belonging to
Berkeley Lodge. In religious faith he is a Catholic. Both he and
his wife have a large circle of friends and acquaintances and arc held
in the highest regard by all who know them.

CHARLES G. REED.

Charles G. Reed, who from 1907 to 1909 served with credit and
ability as national bank examiner for the northern district of Cali-
fornia, is a member of a family which has been well represented in
Oakland and vicinity; first by the father. Captain William Reed, and
his wife Hannah; and also by their children, grandchildren and
great-grandchildren to the number of forty.

Mr. Reed, of this review, has spent practically his entire life in
California, for he came to this state with the family when he was
onlv twelve years of age. He was born in Vassalboro, Maine, De-
cember 24, 1844. and in November, 1856, was brought to Oakland.
He attended the old Carpentier school, beginning in the winter of
1856-7, and circulated a petition for the building of the second
schoolhouse, the Lafayette primary, at Twelfth and Grove streets.
He afterward entered the Oakland College school, taking a business
course. Following the completion of his studies he obtained a posi-
tion in a wholesale clothing house in San Francisco, with which he
was connected for four years. At the end of that time he came to
Oakland and conducted a hardware store at the northwest corner of

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 115

Twelfth and Broadway. When he disposed of this enterprise he
entered the office of the county clerk as deputy under J. V. B. Good-
rich and after four years in this service was elected to the office of
county clerk in 1875. He won reelection in 1877 and served two
terms, after which he was made deputy under C. E. Palmer, county
treasurer. At the end of four years in this office he entered the Union
National Bank and was soon advanced to the position of paying
teller. He was later made exchange teller and held this position
until October, 1907, when he received the appointment as national
bank examiner for the northern district of California. He held this
position until 1909 and discharged its important duties in a pains-
taking, conscientious and efficient manner.

In Oakland on the 8th of January, 1868, Mr. Reed married Miss
Flora A. Moore, a daughter of Gorham H. and Mary A. (Jenkins)
Moore. Mr. and Mrs. Reed became the parents of four children:
Olive, the wife of S. W. Cushman of Oakland; Elmer, who is
engaged in the United States marshal's office in Nome, Alaska;
Aimee, the wife of Harwood D. Swales of the Firemens Fund Insur-
ance Company; and Eva, who became the wife of H. D. Danforth
and died June 28, 1904, at the age of twenty-nine years. There are
seven grandchildren, four boys and three girls. All the children
and grandchildren have exceptional musical ability and hnd music
the source of much enjoyment.

Mr. Reed is connected fraternally with the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, in which he is past grand, and he has also filled all
of the chairs in the Ancient Order of United Workmen, representing
his lodge in the grand lodge at various sessions and serving also as
grand trustee. He is at present grand receiver. He is also affiliated
with the Fraternal Brotherhood and is a member of the First Baptist
ciiurch, in which he officiated as trustee for a number of years. He
has always taken a keen interest in movements looking toward the
benefit of general conditions and has been found ready to lend his
aid for the promotion of all progressive public projects. He was a
member of the old Oakland Guard, serving as private in 1862 and
being later promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. He was also a
member of the Oakland light cavalry. From 1893 until 1897 he
served on the board of education of Oakland, acting as chairman of
the finance committee and the high school committee. Being a
great lover of liis native state he founded the State of Maine Asso-
ciation of California and was its first secretary and later its president.
He can truthfully say that he has never taken a drink of liqui)r, a
record that few who have lived in California as long as he has can

116 IIIS'KJRV OF ALAAlliUA C(JUXTY

equal. He signed a pledge during the great Maine campaign in
1 8^5 and has never broken it. During the long period of his resi-
dence in this city he has attained a wide reputation as a broad-minded,
liberal and public-spirited citizen, and by his strict integrity of char-
acter, business ability and excellent qualities of mind has won the
confidence and esteem of all who know him.

REV. JOSEPH GALLI.

Rev. Joseph Galli, pastor of St. Joseph's Portuguese church in
Oakland, has been at the head of this congregation since iqog and
his labors have been an effective force in the lives of those who
have come under his teachings. His birth occurred in Varese, Italy,
on the 1 8th of April, 1877, his parents being John and Antonia Galli.
He attended the gymnasium until fifteen years of age and then went
to Braga, Portugal, where he continued his education in the high
school for three years. He next studied theology for five years and
subsequently taught in an orphanage in Braga, Portugal, until
twenty-three years of age, when he went to Lisbon, Portugal, as
ordain and teacher in a school of trades. At the age of twenty-four
he came to Oakland, California, as assistant pastor of St. Joseph's
Portuguese church and in 1909 became pastor thereof. With con-
secrated zeal he has labored to advance moral interests, and his teach-
ings have borne fruit in many lives. He is a member of the Y. M. I.
and the Knights of Columbus, and also belongs to the Salesian Fath-
ers of Venerable Don Bosco.

HOWARD A. BIGELOW.

Howard A. Bigelow, who began the practice of law at Oakland
in the spring of 1910, has in the intervening period of three years
built up an extensive and enviable clientage and established his
reputation as an attorncv of pronounced abilitv. He was born at
Sailor Springs, lllinnis, on the 14th of April, 1S7:;, and after acquir-
ing his more specificallv litcrarv education prepared for the practice
of his chosen profession in the law department of Washington I'ni-
versity at St. Louis, Missouri, 1 roni which he was graduated in
1900. Opening an office at Decatur, Illinois, he there practiced law

HISTORY OF AL.UtEDA COUXTY 117

for seven years with gratifying and growing success. In the spring
of 1910 he came to Oakland, California. His offices are at 1020
Broadway, and in the comparatively short period of time which
has since elapsed he has built up a large and lucrative practice here.
He has won a reputation as a criminal lawyer of unusual ability and
is well versed in that branch of the profession.

In 1897 Mr. Bigelow was united in marriage to Miss Clara
Chamberlain, a native of Illinois, by whom he has two children,
Beulah and Helen. The family home is a handsome residence on
Fourth avenue, which Mr. Bigelow purchased. He is widely rec-
ognized as one of Oakland's most enterprising and public-spirited
citizens and is a public speaker of note, having stumped the state of
Indiana in the interests of William Howard Taft prior to his elec-
tion to the presidency. Mr. Bigelow is the attorney for the Progres-
sive Development Syndicate of Oakland and his aid and cooperation
are given to every movement and measure instituted to further the
growth of the city. Fraternally he is identified with the Loyal
Order of Moose.

CARL J. FOARD.

Carl J. Foard, prominently connected with business interests of
San Francisco as founder and president of the firm of Foard &
Barstow, ship chandlers, is one of Alameda's native sons, born on the
26th of November, 1878. His father, Lorens Foard, was born in
Denmark and in the early '60s came to California, settling in Ala-
meda county, where he remained active and prominent in local pub-
lic affairs until his death, which occurred in 1905. His wife was in
her maidenhood Miss Julia Bertelsen, a daughter of Otto and Julia
Bertelsen of Germany.

In the acquirement of an education Carl J. Foard attended public
school in Alameda, and he began his business career in 1893, ^'^'hen
he went into business for his father, engaging in ship chandlery,
building up a large and profitable patronage and proving himself a
reliable, resourceful and able business man. In 1906 he organized
the firm of Foard & Barstow and became its president, a position
which he has filled with credit and efficiency since tliat time. It
has called for his excellent organizing and executive ability, and tlie
credit for the rapid expansion and continued growth of the concern
is in large measure due to him. He has become known as a keen

118 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

and discriminating man, whose sagacity is far-reaching and whose
integrity beyond all question, and his success is only the natural result
of earnest, persistent and well directed labor.

Mr. Foard married Mrs. Anita Humphrey, a daughter of Gott-
leib and Juana Zeh, the former a native of Frankfort, Germany, and
the latter of Mexico. Mr. Foard is identified fraternally with the
Elks, the Masonic order and the Native Sons of the Golden West.
He is a member also of the Master Mariners' Association, and is
well known in social, fraternal and business circles, his name stand-
ing for enterprise, progress and integrity along all lines.

WILLIAM N. VAN DE MARK.

William N. Van De Mark has been a resident of California for
a period covering four decades and has ably served as deputy county
assessor of Alameda county for the past twenty years. He makes his
home in Oakland and here established and still conducts the Dramatic
Institute and School of Oratory. His birth occurred in Albany
county, New York, on the 23d of October, 1843, '""'^ parents being
John E. and Julia A. Van De Mark, nee Vanzandt. The V^an-
zandts and Stanfords lived on adjoining farms. Hon. Leland
Stanford was a warm friend of the mother of Mr. Van De Mark.

In 1S44 the family home was established in Rochester, New
York, w here our subject attended the graded and high schools until
the age of fifteen years, while subsequently he spent a vear as a
student in St. Lawrence University of Canton, New York. In 1S62
he enlisted in the Union army and served as chaplain during the
remainder of the period of hostilities between the north and the
south, being honorably discharged by reason of resignation in 186^.
During the latter part of his army service he acted as general super-
intendent of colored education for the Department of the Gulf. His
service in this position was highly satisfactory.

Mr. Van De Mark was then elected to the pastorate of the Uni-
versalist society in Churchville, New York, for one vear and was
next transferred to Lockport, New York, where he preached for
three years. On the expiration of that period he went to Pittsburg,
Pennsylvania, there following his calling until 1873, when he came
to California and for two years served as minister of the Universalist
church in San Francisco. He then resigned his pastorate and became
a teacher of elocution in Oakland and San Francisco, opening the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 119

Dramatic Institute and School of Oratory, which he has successfully
conducted to the present time. He has graduated a large number of
pupils, among whom are some of the most prominent men in San
Francisco and Oakland. In addition to his work in this connection
Mr. Van De Mark has also done public service, acting as assistant
weigher in the United States customs house from 1891 to 1894.
Since the latter year he has held the position of deputy county assessor
of Alameda county, proving an able and highly satisfactory incum-
bent. During the past three years he has had full charge of war
veterans' exemptions for Alameda county. He has traveled largely,
having been twice in Europe and completed the round of the States,
the West Indies and Mexico.

Mr. Van De Mark has been twice married and by his first wife
has one son, Clarence R., who is forty-two years of age and is engaged
in the men's furnishing business in Denver, Colorado. For his second
wife he chose Miss Mary A. McDonald, whom he wedded in Oak-
land on the 2d of March, 1884. They have two children: Lester
W., who is twenty-eight years old and is a manager in the employ of
the Taylor & Spottswood Company of San Francisco; and Lucy M.,
a soloist in the First Church of Christ, Scientist. The latter has a
pure contralto voice and is studying for grand opera.

Politically Mr. Van De Mark has always been a stanch repub-
lican, supporting the men and measures of that party at the polls.
He is a member of the Christian Science church and still main-
tains pleasant relations with his old army comrades through his
membership in the Grand Army of the Republic and the Military
Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. Mr. Van De Mark
has recently passed the Psalmist's allotted span of three score vears
and ten but is still an active factor in the world's work and has long
been numbered among the most highly esteemed and best known
citizens of Oakland.

MAURICE M. ROACH.

Maurice M. Roach, a wortliv native son and successful business
man of Oakland, is half owner in the undertaking establishment
formerly conducted under the name of J. H. McCarthy & Company,
but since changed to Roach & Kenney. He was born on the 12th of
August, 1869, a son of Michael and Hannah Roach. The father
came to Oakland in t868 and was here engaged in the tannery busi-
ness until Ills death in 1869.

120 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA QJUXTV

Maurice M. Roach attended the Christian Brothers College
until sixteen years of age and subsequently secured a position as clerk
in a retail grocery store, being thus employed until 1894. He then
became requisition clerk in the United States construction and repair
department on Mare Island, holding that position until May, 1Q05,
when he resigned and returned to Oakland. Here he spent two
years in the government supply business and then became deputy
county assessor, discharging the duties of that position for a year and
a half. On the e.xpiration of that period he purchased a half interest
in the undertaking establishment of J. H. McCarthy & Company,
now known as Roach & Kenney, and has remained in that business
to the present time, success attending his venture. In March, 19 14,
they removed to their present location at 3479 Piedmont avenue,
where they have one of the finest equipped parlors in the state.

In March, 1896, in San Francisco, Mr. Roach was united in
marriage to Miss Alice M. Giggus, by whom he has four children,
as follows: Maurice, sixteen years of age, who is a student in St.
Anthony's school; Elizabeth, who is fourteen years old and attends
Lourdes Academy; Leo, who is nine years of age and attends St.
Anthony's school; arid Charles, five years old.

In his political views Mr. Roach is independent, supporting men
and measures rather than party. His fraternal relations are with the
Knights of Columbus, the Maccabees and the Foresters of America.
Well known in the city of his nativity, he has won the uniform trust
and good will of all by reason of his pleasant and attractive per-
sonalitv, and all his life he has been straightforward and honorable.

FRANK A. BRIGGS.

Frank A, Briggs is an active representative of business interests
in Alameda county as manager of the Oakland branch of Sherman-
Clay & Company of San Francisco, who are the leading piano mer-
chants on the Pacific coast. His birth occurred in Booneville, Mis-
souri, on the 1 8th of August, 1877, his parents being Dr. C. H. and
Mrs. Mattie A. Briggs. He became a public-school student in
Nevada, Missouri, at the age of twelve and a year later entered a
private school at Fayette, Missouri, there continuing his studies until
fourteen years of age. During the following four years he attended
Central College and subsequently engaged in the profession of teacli-
ing in Kansas City, Missouri, for four years. He next pursued a

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 121

two years' post-graduate course in Vanderbilt University at Nash-
ville. Tennessee, and then returned to Kansas City, where he taught
school until September, 1904. At that time he entered the service
of the Jenkins Music Company as salesman and later became depart-
ment manager, holding the latter position until February, 1912, when
he resigned to become manager of the Oakland branch of Sherman-
Clay & Company of San Francisco. In that position of responsibility
he has remained to the present time, ably directing the interests of
the firm in Oakland, for he is a young man of excellent executive
ability and sound judgment.

In May, 1903, at Kansas City, Missouri, Mr. Briggs was united
in marriage to Miss Bessie Barlow, by whom he has one child,
Richard, who is nine years of age and a public-school student. He is
a republican in politics and belongs to the Chamber of Commerce,
the Oakland Commercial Club and the Nile Club. Fraternally he
is identified with the Masons, being past commander of Oriental
Commandery of the Knights Templar in Kansas City. He has by
his winning personality formed a large acquaintance in Oakland and
his successful business career as well as his general reputation for
sterling integrity and ability have made him respected wherever he
is known.

JOHN J. Mcdonald.

John J. McDonald, a practicing attorney of Oakland, has here
followed his profession successfully for about two decades and has
likewise been a prominent factor in political circles. He is num-
bered among the worthy native sons of Alameda county, his birth
having occurred near Haywards. His father, Thomas McDonald,
was one of the early settlers of this county, coming here in 18 1^4.

In the acquirement of an education John J. McDonald attended
the public schools of Alameda county and also pursued a course of
study in St. Mary's College, where he was graduated in 1891. In
preparation for the practice of law he entered Hastings Law School
and following h.is graduation was admitted to the bar in 1894. Dur-
ing the nineteen years which have since elapsed he has built up an
extensive and enviable clientage in Oakland and has maintained a
reputation as one of the able and successful representatives of the
profession here, ^^'hatever else may be said of the legal fraternity,
it cannot be denied that members of the bar haye been more promi-

122 IIISTURY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

nent actors in public affairs than any other class of the community.
This is but the natural result of causes which are manifest and require
no explanation. The ability and training which qualify one to
practice law also qualify him in many respects for duties which lie
outside the strict path of his profession and which touch the general
interests of society. Mr. McDonald has been a very prominent fac-
tor in public affairs and for the past fifteen years has taken an active
part in democratic politics in California. He served as chairman
of the democratic county committee for ten years and was a member
of the board of freeholders which formed the last city charter of
Oakland, being the only democrat elected on the board.

In April, 1904, Mr. McDonald was united in marriage to Miss
Alice Flvnn, a native of San Francisco, by whom he has two sons,
John }., jr., and Robert L. He is a member of the Benevolent Pro-
tective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus and also belongs
to the Athenian Club of Oakland. In professional, political and
social circles of Alameda county he is well and favorably known,
having spent his entire life within its borders.

JOHN WATERMAN PHILLIPS.

As president of the Grayson-Owen Company and in many other
important connections John Waterman Phillips is prominently iden-
tified with the business life of Oakland, where for many years he has
been considered one of its most enterprising citizens and a man who
in a large way has contributed toward establishing the present pros-
perous conditions. A descendant of old New England families, Mr.
Phillips has inherited many laudable traits of character peculiar to
that race which he has turned to good account. His birth occurred
in Middletown. Connecticut, in 1832 and he is a son of Elijah and
Clarissa (Hough) Phillips, both natives of that state. The original
seat of the Phillips home was in England, whence an ancestor emi-
grated to American shores during the Colonial period. The mother
was a daughter of Asa Hough, who distinguished himself in the Revo
lutionary war, serving with the rank of captain.

In the public schools of Lewis county. New York, John Waterman
Phillips acquired his early education and later attended LowvilK
Academy, his parents having removed from Connecticut to New York
state in 1837, when he was but five years of age. For two winters
Mr. Phillips taught school but in 1854 came to California over

JOHN \V. I'll I M

HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY 125

the Isthmus route. Arriving in San Francisco, he proceeded to Mari-
posa county, where for one winter he followed placer mining. In
the spring he removed yet farther north to Trinity county, locating
near Weaverville, where he established several meat markets. He
also engaged extensively in buying cattle, driving them to his place
of business, where he slaughtered them and prepared them for sale.
For the greater part of the time he conducted three markets and also
supplied a number of local butchers in that section. The year 1858
found him in Oregon purchasing cattle which he drove to the Cali-
fornia markets. In i860 Mr. Phillips returned to New York for
his bride and shortly after again set out for California, continuing
in his former line, conducting meat markets in Trinity county and
in Red BlufT, Tehama county. He carried on an extensive business of
this kind for about ten years.

The year 1870 witnessed his arrival in Oakland, where shortly
after he established a wholesale packing house from which he sup-
plied the city butchers as well as the surrounding country. His firm
was known as Grayson, Owen & Company and so continued until
1901, when Messrs. Grayson and Owen sold their interests. The
continually growing business made it advisable to incorporate and
for that reason the Grayson-Owen Company came into being, its
capital stock amounting to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.
Mr. Phillips was elected president and has ever since continued in
that important position. Mr. Phillips has also other interests, being
director of the Union Gas Engine Company, a director of the Pacific
Surety Ccmipany and at present president of the Mountain View
Cemetery Association. He has also been a director of the Central
Bank ever since its inception. In early days Mr. Phillips invested in
Fruitvale property, and the first business block ever built in that
section was due to his initiative. He is an aggressive and progressive
man, shrewd, able and one who readily understands a situation and
who, moreover, can make such situation serve his purpose. The
Gravson-Owen Company own twenty thousand acres of the finest
land in San Luis Obispo county, where they raise and breed cattle for
the market, and they iiave a large plant at the stockyards at Emery-
ville.

In 1H60, at East Durham, New ^'<)I■k, Mr. Phillips married Miss
Anna M. Pierce, the only daughter of a well known and highly
respected merchant of East Durham. She bore her husband two
daughters, the oldest of whom became the wife of Irving C. Lewis,
vice president of the Grayson-Owen Company. Mrs. Lewis died
April I. 1907, leaving one son, Phillips Frisbie Lewis. The otlier

126 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

daughter married G. N. Easton, and their children are Anna J.,
Russell and Elizabeth. After forty-three years of domestic happi-
ness Mrs. Phillips passed away in 1903. Two years later Mr. Phillips
married Mrs. Henry Martin of San Francisco. She has also been
called to her final rest, and he has since made his home with his
daughter, Mrs. Easton.

Mr. Phillips is prominent in the Masonic order, having been one
of the charter members of Brooklyn Lodge, No. 225, F. & A. M.. of
East Oakland, in which he has held all of the chairs. He also belongs
to Alameda Chapter, No. 36, R. A. M., and Oakland Commandery.
No. II, K. T. He is a life member of the Order of the Eastern Star.
His club connections are with the Athenian, of which he is a life
member, the Home and the Claremont Country Clubs. Although
now past eighty years of age Mr. Phillips is still actively concerned
in all questions of public importance and gives much time and thought
to his extensive interests. He has become a loyal son of California
and is proud of the city which honors in him one of her pioneers.

GEORGE ROEHM.

George Roehm is the president of the Independent Brewing Com-
pany of Oakland, which he organized on the ist of November, 191 1.
His birth occurred in Wittenburg, Germany, on the i8th of Novem-
ber, 1872, his parents being David and Margaret Roehm. He
attended the public schools until fourteen years of age and subse-
quently served an apprenticeship in a brewery, being employed
therein until he had attained his majority. At the age of twenty-
one he emigrated to the United States and located in San Francisco,
California, where he was employed as a brewer in the South San
Francisco Brewery until February, 1899. He then came to Oakland
and was here engaged as brewer with the Anchor Brewery until
November i, 191 1, when he organized the Independent Brewing
Company, of which he has since remained the president. Succes;;
has come to him in large measure and has won him recognition
among the prosperous and representative business men of the citv.
He is a valued member of the Brewer Masters Association.

On the 8th of September, 1900, in Wittenburg, Germany, Mr.
Roehm was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Neu, by whom he
has two children, George and Fred, who are twelve and nine years of
age respectively and arc attending the public schools. He gives his

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 127

political allegiance to the republican party and belongs to the
Schwaben Verein, the Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Foresters.
Mr. Roehm is a man of many sterling traits of character, reliable in
business and progressive in citizenship, and has gained the confi-
dence, good-will and esteem of all who have been in any way asso-
ciated with him.

W. B. TOWN SEND.

W. B. Townsend, who has been a resident of Oakland for the past
three years, acts as general agent of the Western Pacific, Denver &
Rio Grande and Missouri Pacific Railways, to which position he was
appointed on the ist of July, 1910. During his varied career he has
been identified with journalism, advertising, photography and rail-
road interests, now having charge of all freight and passenger busi-
ness for the Western Pacific Railway in Alameda county. He began
his business career at the age of eighteen as official photographer for
the Missouri Pacific Railway at St. Louis and spent two years in
taking photographs of all industries, depots, etc., of the Missouri
Pacific System. At the end of that time he was appointed traveling
passenger agent of the Missouri Pacific and St. Louis, Iron Moun-
tain & Southern Railways at Memphis and was thence transferred to
Chicago as traveling passenger agent for the Missouri Pacific System.

Immediately after the peace treaty had been signed with the
Spaniards after the Cuban war, Mr. Townsend entered into a con-
tract with the N. D. Thompson Publishing Company and the St.
Louis Republic to visit Cuba, Isle of Pines, Porto Rico, Sandwich
Islands and the Philippines and take some three thousand pictures
showing the island possessions of the United States as they looked
at the conclusion of the war and also to write upon conditions of
the country at the time. This work consumed a year and a half and
resulted in the publication of a thousand page book called "Our
Island Possessions and Their People," which was sold extensively in
connection with newspapers throughout all parts of the United States.
After completing this trip Mr. Townsend was appointed superin-
tendent of the Southwestern Railway Advertising & Distributing
Company at St. Louis, that company distributing railway advertising
matter throughout the states of Missouri, Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska,
Texas and Louisiana.

12S HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

On the ist of January, 1902, Mr. Townsend was appointed travel-
ing passenger agent for the Rock Island Railway at Buffalo, where
he remained during the Bulifalo Exposition. From that point he was
transferred as traveling passenger agent of the Rock. Island Railway
at Salt Lake City, but resigned this position to take that of contract-
ing freight agent for the Missouri Pacific Railway at San Francisco.
Subsequently he was appointed traveling freight and passenger agent
of the Denver & Rio Grande at San Francisco, and later district
freight and passenger agent of the Denver & Rio Grande, Missouri
Pacihc and Texas & Pacific Railways at San Jose, while afterward
he was again transferred to San Francisco. On the ist of July, 1910,
he was appointed general agent of the Western Pacific, Denver &
Rio Grande and Missouri Pacific Railways at Oakland and in this
capacity has remained to the present time, being recognized as a
valued and highly efficient representative of those roads.

Mr. Townsend was united in marriage to Miss Leila McKillican,
her father being Robert McKillican, a prominent contractor of Oak-
land. He owns a handsome little bungalow at the foot of Paru
street in Alameda. Mr. Townsend is a popular member of the Encinal
Yacht Club, the Athenian Club of Oakland, the Oakland Commercial
Club, the Nile Club, Aahmes Temple of the Mystic Shrine, Apollo
Lodge of Masons and California Commandery of San Francisco. He
has lived in various places throughout the United States but likes
Oakland better than any previous home.

LESTER WARREN MANTER.

Lester Warren Manter, a progressive young citizen of Oakland,
was for four years connected with the Macdonough theatre as its
treasurer and assistant manager. His birth occurred in Pasadena,
Los Angeles county, California, on the ist of December, 1887, his
parents being Edwin Warren and Nellie B. Manter. In 1889 the
family home was established in Oakland and here our subject attended
the graded and high schools until the age of nineteen years. Subse-
quently he spent two years as a clerk in the retail crockery store of
Nathan Dohrman & Company and afterward w as emploved as book-
keeper by the Firemen's Fund Insurance Company for one vear, serv-
ing as an usher in the Chutes theatre at the same time. He next acted
as an usher in the Orpheum theatre of San Francisco for ten months
ami later spent a year and a half as clerk with the Whittier &

HISTORY OI' ALAMEDA COUNTY 129

Coburn Company. Afterward he was employed as a salesman by
Butler Brothers of San Francisco until 1909, when he resigned his
position to become treasurer and assistant manager of the Mac-
donough theatre in Oakland. Throughout the intervening four years
he has ably discharged the duties devolving upon him in these con-
nections and his efforts have been an important factor in the success-
ful management of the theatre.

On the 22d of July, 191 1, in Oakland, Mr. Manter was united
in marriage to Miss Dorothy Henry, by whom he has a son, Warren
Addis. He gives his political allegiance to the republican party and
is identified fraternally with the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks. Mr. Manter likewise belongs to the Theatrical Treasurers
Club and is a y(5ung man well liked and highly esteemed.

GEORGE H. NOBLE.

George H. Noble, a prominent contract(^r and builder of Ala-
meda, w-as born in Allegan, Michigan, January 15, 1861;. He is a
son of John and Maria (Burroughs) Noble, the former a native of
Oswego, New York, and the latter of Rochester. The father was a
hotel keeper in his native state. He afterward moved to Los Angeles
and later to Alameda, where he became well known in religious
circles, doing a great deal of effective church work and holding the
position of sexton of the Methodist Episcopal church until his death
in 1 9 1 1 .

George H. Noble acquired a public-school education, laving aside
his books in 1879. He learned the carpenter's trade and w^orked at
it for about two years, giving it up in 1881 in order to mine in Colo-
rado, a state in which he remained for two years. In September,
1883, he came to California and for a time worked in the mountain
lumber camps around Lake Tahoe and Truckee but came eventually
to Alameda, where he turned his attention to the painting business.
In :886 he moved to Los Angeles but after three years returned to
Alameda, again establishing himself in the painting business in this
city and conducting a profitable enterprise of this character from
1889 to 1907. In the latter year he went to Lake countv and engaged
in mining, also taking up a government claim, which was valuable
on account of the mineral springs upon it. Tills propcrtv, which he
called Castle Springs, he sold shortly al'icrwarii ami, returning again
to Alameda, engaged in contracting and building, in which he has

r.iO HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

continued since that time. Many rtne business buildings and resi-
dences in the city and in surrounding communities testify to his skill
and ability, and he has already secured a large and representative
patronage, which is constantly increasing as he becomes more widely
known.

Mr. Noble married Miss Bessie Echenberger, a daughter of Carl
F. and Frances Echenberger, of Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Noble have
four children: George Leonard, aged nineteen; Ruth Elizabeth,
aged sixteen; Doris Margaret, thirteen; and Harold Edward, nine.
Mr. Noble was for ten years a member of the volunteer fire depart-
ment of Alameda, and fraternally he is connected with the Knights
of Pythias, the Woodmen of the World and the Improved Order of
Red Men. In the development of his individual success he has con-
tributed also to the commercial advancement of the city where he
makes his home and where he is held in high regard by his business
associates by reason of his enterprise, integrity and sterling personal
worth.

M. M. ENOS, M. D.

Among the prominent and successful surgeons of Alameda county
stands Dr. M. M. Enos, founder and owner of St. Anthony's Hos-
pital, Oakland. Dr. Enos is truly a native of this county, his birth
having occurred at Hayward, July 26, 1875.

Dr. Enos acquired his early education in the public schools of
his native town and later attended the California Medical College at
San Francisco, from which he was graduated in 1896. He after-
ward took a course in the National University of Chicago and was
later a student in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Chicago,
the medical department of the University of Illinois, and later took
a post-graduate course in the Chicago Polyclinic. For a time Dr.
Enos taught surgery in the National Medical School of Chicago and
while there was associated with many of the leading surgeons of the
middle west.

He is the founder of St. Anthony's Hospital, established in Oak-
land in 1904, and he holds a high position in the ranks of the medical
profession in California. The Doctor specializes in surgery.

Dr. Enos is a director in the Portuguese- American Bank of San
Francisco and makes his home at the Hotel Oakland. He is a
member of the American Medical Association and the California

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 131

State and Alameda County Medical Societies and always keeps in
close touch with the most advanced thought and practice of the medi-
cal profession. He is a conscientious and able physician and is held
in high regard by the local public and by his fellow practitioners.

RICHARD T. KESSLER.

Richard T. Kessler, a successful and representative citizen of Oak-
land, acts as secretary and manager of the Kessler Cafe at No. 463
Eleventh street. His birth occurred in Bernburg, Germany, on the
14th of November, 1861, his parents being Albert and Augusta
Kessler. The father was a manufacturer of lead and tin pipes, con-
ducting a foundry and machine shop at Bernburg.

Richard T. Kessler attended the gymnasium until seventeen years
of age and afterward was employed as a clerk by an importing and
banking firm of Stettin, Germany, until 1880. In that year he emi-
grated to the United States and, landing in New York, there became
clerk for a large pocket-book manufacturer, for whom he subse-
quently traveled until 1886. During that year he spent three months
in Europe. He next made his way to San Francisco and there spent
a year as a hotel clerk in the Russ House, while later he conducted
a cafe in the wholesale district until 1895. Selling out, he then spent
one year in European travel.

Returning to San Francisco, Mr. Kessler again opened a cafe
and conducted the same until 1905, when he sold out to become
manager of the Pabst Cafe in Oakland, on Eighth street, between
Broadway and Franklin. There he remained until April, 1913, and
then removed to Eleventh street, between Broadway and Washington,
which is his present location. The name was changed to the Kessler
Cafe and our subject now acts as its secretary and manager. It is
attractively appointed and has become very popular and much
patronized under the able management and direction of Mr. Kessler.

In San Francisco, on the 26th of August, 1896, Mr. Kessler was
united in marriage to Miss Emma Michaelis, by whom he has a
daughter, Irma, who is a high-school student. He is a republican in
politics and casts his ballot in support of the men and measures of
that party. He belongs to the Turn Verein and is likewise identified
with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Loyal Order of Moose, the
German General Benevolent Society of San Francisco and the Ger-
man Altcnhcim, Fruitvale. With trade interests he keeps in touch

132 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

as a member of the Commercial Club, the Chamber of Commerce and
the Merchants Exchange. He is widely and favorably known in
various connections, possessing the social, genial qualities which
everywhere gain friendship and win confidence.

JOSEPH NICHOLAS GHIRARDELLI.

In the death of Joseph Nicholas Ghirardelli, which occurred in
Oakland, May 1 1, 1906, Alameda county lost one of its most popular,
prominent and successful business men and public-spirited citizens,
and California a representative of one of the best known pioneer
families of the state. Mr. Ghirardelli was born in San Francisco,
February 7, 1852, and was a son of Domingo Ghirardelli, a pioneer
in that city, who had founded and conducted a successful chocolate
manufacturing business for many years.

Joseph N. Ghirardelli spent his early boyhood in his native city
but at a comparatively early age he was sent with his brothers to
Europe, where he pursued his studies. One of the brothers. Caesar,
died on the continent. Mr. Ghirardelli of this review remained for
some time in Italy and then returned to California, where he enrolled
in Santa Clara College, which he attended until within six months
of his graduation. At the age of twenty years he entered the store
established by his father in Oakland and there assisted in the man-
agement of the enterprise, later becoming a partner. The three
brothers entered earnestly into the business with the father. The
business at this time was not prospering, but Joseph N. Ghirardelli,
whose happy disposition enabled him to make friends, brought to
bear his unusual powers as an organizer, and his influence soon told,
the business gradually increasing in magnitude until it assumed large
proportions. Accompanying the development, more and more
responsibility was assumed by Mr. Ghirardelli, until he was elected
vice president of the company, a position he held until his death.
The company became one of the largest manufacturers of chocolate
in Oakland and San Francisco.

In Oakland, in 1885, Mr. Ghirardelli married Miss Ellen Frances
Barstow, a daughter of David Pierce and Elizabeth (Reed) Barstow.
Mr. and Mrs. Ghirardelli became the parents of two children:
Joseph N., Jr., who is now engaged in the insurance business in Oak-
land, and Carmen, still pursuing her studies and residing with her
mother at Piedmont. Joseph N., Jr., is a member of the Native Sons

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 135

of the Golden West, the Nile Club and the Elks. On July 2, 1910,
he was united in marriage with Miss Nina Jones, daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Harry Jones.

The old family home of the Ghirardellis was at the corner of
Fifth and Brush streets in Oakland, and after Joseph N. Ghirar-
delli's marriage he built a residence on the corner of Market and
Nineteenth streets, wherein he made his home until his death.

Mr. Ghirardelli was a member of the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows at one time, and at the time of his death was connected with
the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, being very active in the
affairs of the Oakland lodge. He was also a member of the Athenian
Club and was very active in its affairs, being one of the earnest advo-
cates of the removal to the present location, at Fourteenth and Frank-
lin streets. During his early years he voted the Democratic ticket,
but later inclined to independent views in political matters.

He passed away at his home in Oakland, May 11, 1906, of heart
failure, superinduced by the shock received at the time of the earth-
quake. He was sincerely mourned by a large circle of friends, won
in the course of a long and honorable connection with the business
and social life in this community. His funeral was largely attended
and among the many floral tributes laid upon his casket were some
from those in humble positions who had found in him a friend in
need.

A man of genial personality and keen business acumen, whose
friends were legion; and although he has ceased from his labors and
no longer his happy smile and friendly handclasp bring gladness
to the manv who once called him friend, vet his memory is still green
and his name is spoken in eulogy throughout Alameda county and the
state.

EDWARD V. TIFFANY, M. D.

Dr. Edward V. Tiffany, a successful and able representative of
the medical profession, has maintained offices in Oakland since 1906
and has enjoyed an extensive and lucraj:ive practice. He is a native
of Independence, Iowa, and a son of V'ester and Louisa Tift'any. In
the acquirement of an education he attended the graded and high
schools until the age of twenty and afterward the Upper Iowa Uni-
versity of Fayette until 1890. Having determined upon the practice
of medicine as a life work, he entered the medical department of the

i;{6 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

University of Iowa, where he studied for one year, and then entered
the medical department of the University of California, which insti-
tution conferred upon him the degree of M. D. in 1894. He located
for practice in Amador county, California, and there remained until
1Q06, when he came to Oakland, which city has since remained the
scene of his professional labors, and the success which has attended
iiim is ample evidence of his skill and ability in the field of his
chosen life work. He belongs to the Alameda County Medical So-
ciety and the California State Medical Society, and the proceedings
of those bodies keep him thoroughly informed concerning the most
advanced work being done in the country.

In December, 1895, in Amador county, California, Dr. Tiffany
was united in marriage to Miss Carrie L. Easton. He is a progres-
sive in politics and has fraternal relations with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Loyal Order of
Moose, the Woodmen of the World and the Masons, belonging to
the lodge and chapter of the last named organization. Dr. Tiffany
is loyal to the teachings of these fraternities, which he exemplifies in
his life, and in matters of citizenship he manifests a progressive and
public-spirited interest, yet he devotes the greater part of his atten-
tion to his professional duties, which are constantly growing in vol-
ume and importance.

OSWALD R. WOOD.

Oswald R. Wood, a prosperous young attorney of Oakland, has
here practiced his profession with growing success for the past four
years. His birth occurred in Ovid, Michigan, on the i6th of October,
1 88 1, his parents being Robert C. and Edna E. (Read) Wood, natives
of Ontario, Canada. He acquired his early education in the public
schools of Vancouver, British Columbia, and Everett, Washington,
and after coming to Oakland, California, in 1895, continued his
studies here, being graduated from the high school with the class of
1 90 1. Subsequently he pursued a course of study in the Polytechnic
Business College at Oakland and then embarked in business in San
Francisco. Later he made his way to Chico, Butte county, Cali-
fornia, there entering the law offices of F, C. Lusk. On returning to
San Francisco he became traveling freight agent for the Rock Island
Railroad Company.

HISTORY OF ALA^FEDA COUNTY 137

In 1908 Mr. Wood took up the study of law with Fred W. Fry,
of Oakhmd, and was admitted to the bar of California on the i6th
of October, 1909, for practice in the state and federal courts. He
has since maintained his office fn Oakland and has been accorded a
large clientage in recognition of his professional ability. He has
won for himself very favorable criticism for the careful and system-
atic methods which he has followed. He has remarkable powers
of concentration and application and his retentive mind has often
excited the surprise of his professional colleagues. The utmost care
and precision characterize his preparation of a case and have made
him one of the successful attorneys of Oakland.

EDWARD E. THORNTON.

Edward E. Thornton is superintendent of the Key division of the
San Francisco & Oakland Terminal Railway Company and is a rail-
road man Of experience, who has won this position entirely on his
own merits. He was born in Leesville, Indiana, March 12, 1874, and
is a son of Henry P. and Louise Thornton.

Edward E. Thornton attended the public schools in Oakland until
1889. in which year he became a pupil in Crawford's Private School,
there remaining for one year. At the end of that time he accepted
a position as fireman in the emplov of the Southern Pacific Railroad,
continuing so until 1894, when he was made motorman of the Oak-
land, Alameda & Piedmont Electric Railway, which later became
the Oakland Traction Company. In 1899 Mr. Thornton was pro-
moted to the position of inspector, and in 1900 he was made superin-
tendent of the Hayward division, resigning in 1902 in order to accept
the position of superintendent of the Petaluma & Santa Rosa Rail-
road. He continued as such until 1904, when he resigned and became
superintendent of the Key division of the San Francisco & Oakland
Terminal Railway Company, which office he now holds. He is a
thoroughly able man, who knows all details of railroading from the
ground up. His executive force was soon recognized and his man-
agerial ability was largely the cause of his rapid advancement. He
is a man who readily grasps any situation and has a large capacity
for detail, never overlooking small matters in the execution of an
object. He is determined and energetic, always completing any-
thing he undertakes. In the estimation of his superior officers he
stands high and is popular with his associates and with the many

138 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

men who work under him, all of whom recognize his justness and
his honorable character.

Politically Mr. Thornton is a republican, interested but not active
in the welfare of his party. He cooperates, however, very readily in
any enterprise undertaken for the welfare of his city and Alameda
county, and he is ever willing to bear his share in order to further
the public weal. He is interested in the intellectual and moral
upbuilding of humanitv.

CRIS N. ^^LISICH.

Cris N. INIilisich has for the past twenty-two years been engaged
in the restaurant business at Oakland in partnership with John
Crchum, with whom he has conducted the California Cafe at No.
469 Eleventh street since 1S9S. He was born in Herzegovina,
Austria, on the 7th of April, 1871, and attended the public schools
of that country until sixteen years of age. Desiring to take advantage
of the opportunities offered in the new world, he then emigrated
to the United States, settling in San Francisco, California, where he
was employed in a restaurant until 1891. In that year he came to
Oakland and established a restaurant at the corner of Sixteenth and
Broadway in partnership with John Crchun.i, remaining at that loca-
tion until 1898. During the past fifteen years, however, they have
conducted the California Cafe at No. 469 Eleventh street and have
been very successful, attracting and holding a desirable patronage.

On the I St of December. 1897, at Oakland, Mr. Milisich was
united in marriage to Miss Katie \V. Stratford, by whom he has a
son, Cris Frank. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows and various Servian organizations.

^V1LL1A^[ B. OriGLEY, Jr.

William B. Quigley, Jr., is the proprietor of a wholesale and
retail liquor establishment at the corner of Tenth and Clav streets in
Oakland and has conducted the same successfully for the past seven
years. He is a native son of Alameda county, having been born in
Oakland on the gth of June, 1880, of the marriage of W. B. and Isa-
belle Quigley. He ac(|uired his education in the graded and high

HISTORY OF ALAATEDA COUNTY 139

schools and following his graduation, in 1897, spent two months as
a student in Heald's Business College. Subsequently he secured a
position as credit man with Benjamin Curtay & Sons, a piano concern,
remaining in their service until 1900, when he embarked in the retail
liquor business in Oakland at the corner of Seventh and Magnolia
streets. In 1907 he sold that establishment, having in January, 1906,
opened a wholesale and retail liquor store at the corner of Tenth and
Clay streets, the conduct of which has claimed his attention to the
present time.

On the 17th of March, 1902, in Oakland, Mr. Quigley was united
in marriage to a Miss Kispert. His political allegiance is given to
the republican party, while fraternally he is identified with the
Knights of Pythias, the Native Sons, the Druids, the Loyal Order of
Moose, the Eagles and the Masons, being a member of the local
chapter of the last named organization. He is a popular and repre-
sentative young citizen of Oakland and enjoys an extensive acquaint-
ance in the city in which his entire life has been spent.

LOUIS J. SILVERS.

Louis J. Sievers is known in business circles of Oakland as local
manager of the John Wieland Brewery of San Francisco. His birth
occurred in Chicago, Illinois, on the i6th of March, 1861, his father
being Louis Sievers. His mother bore the maiden name of Schafif-
hausen. He began his education in a German-American school, later
attended the public schools and subsequently pursued a two years'
course in a business college. He then entered the University of Notre
Dame but at the end of a year returned to Chicago and became a
partner of his father, who was engaged in the wholesale liquor busi-
ness, under the firm style of Louis Sievers & Son. In 1890 he severed
this connection and went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he was
engaged in the wholesale liquor business on his own account until
1895. In that year he sold out and again returned to his native city,
remaining with his father until 1896, when he went to St. Paul,
Minnesota, acting as salesman for the Schlitz Brewing Company
until 1900. Subsequently he spent three years as manager of the
Minneapolis branch and on the expiration of that period removed
to San Francisco as assistant manager of the Wunder Brewery. He
was afterward employed as traveling salesman by the wholesale
liquor iirm of Hotaling & Company for six months and at the end

140 HISTORY Ol' ALAMEDA COUXTY

of that time came to Oakland, being here engaged in the real-estate
business until April 30, 191 1. On that date he became local manager
for the John Wieland Brewery of San Francisco and has since held
that important position, the business here having doubled under his
able direction. Mr. Sievers likewise acts as president of the Oak-
land Beer Bottlers Association and is a member of the Board of
Trade.

On the 16th of .March. 18S7, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, Mr.
Sievers was united in marriage to Miss \'on Ende, by whom he has a
daughter, Agnes, who has decided talent as a vocalist and is studying
for grand opera. In his political views he is a progressive republican.
He is a strong man of excellent judgment, fair in his views and
highlv honorable in all his relations with his fellowmen.

F. BRICE MAIDEN.

Numbered among the successful and enterprising young business
men of Oakland is F. Bruce Maiden, now the general manager of
the Laymance Real Estate Company. His birth occurred in Platts-
mouth, Nebraska, on the 6th of May, 1887, his parents being George
W. and Mary A. Maiden. Accompanying his parents on their
removal to Fresno, California, he there pursued his education in a
graded school and after his graduation, at the age of fourteen years,
came to Oakland. Here he attended high school until graduated at
the age of seventeen and while a student published a school paper
called "Tom Cat." Subsequently he spent two years as expert
accountant in the freight department of the Southern Pacific Rail-
road Company and on tiie expiration of that period secured a posi-
tion as clerk in the rent department of the Laymance Real Estate
Company at a salary of fifty dollars per month. At the end of a vear
in that capacity he became manager of the rent department and two
and a half years later was made general manager of the entire com-
pany, which position of importance and responsibility he holds at the
present time. His promotions have come in recognition of unusual
ability and faithful service. During his first year in the sales depart-
ment he did business amounting to more than two million dollars
and brought to a successful culmination the Kahn deal, making it
possible for the Kahns to erect their present new building at the
corner of IVelfth and Washington streets, which is considered the
finest department store on the I'ac'fic coast todav.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 141

On the qth of July, 191 2, in Oakland, Mr. Maiden was united in
marriage to Miss Winte Perkins, by whom he has one child, Rowan
Perkins, born July 22, 1913. He gives his political allegiance to the
republican party and is a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity,
having attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and
also belonging to the Mystic Shrine. He is likewise a member of the
Commercial Club and the Athenian Club. Both Mr. and Mrs.
Maiden are popular in social circles and have many friends in
Oakland.

HARRY A. MOSHER.

Among the strong financial institutions of Oakland is the Central
National Bank, and among the bankers of prominence in the city is
Harry A. Mosher, who as cashier and later as a vice president has
done much toward securing for his institution the foremost position it
now occupies. His banking experience extends over twenty years, and
he has since August i, 1908, been connected with the institution of
which he is now a vice president. A native of Alameda countv,
Mr. M(^sher was born in Centerville, July 9, 1871, a son of H. E.
and Sarah Jane (Warnick) Mosher, who settled in this county
during its early history, in 1867, and now resides at Niles, California.

Harry A. Mosher attended in the acquirement of his education
the grammar schools at Centerville and Niles and the Oakland high
school. However, ever since he was twelve years of age he has
earned his own livelihood. He entered banking circles in 1893 ^^
clerk in the Farmers & Merchants Savings Bank, later becoming
assistant cashier as his ability became recognized. For a number of
years he was private secretary to Edson F. Adams but on August i,
1908, came to the Central National Bank of Oakland as assistant
cashier. On January i, 1909, he was elected cashier and in Januarv,
1914, was elected a vice president and still holds this position. Care-
ful, painstaking and systematic, Mr. Mosher is yet aggressive and
progressive, and as he is a student of human nature and conditions,
seldom, if ever, has made an error in extending credit or making
investments. The institution of which he is a vice president has
greatly prospered through his efforts, and he is readily conceded to
be one of the most able and best informed men in his line of work
in the city. Mr. Mosher is also president of the Fificld Steamship
Company of San Francisco.

U2 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COL'XTY

Mr. Mosher married Miss Ethel Baechtel, a native of California,
and they have one daughter, Esther A., and one son, Hugh Martin.
He is a well known member of the Athenian Club of Oakland.
While his duties largely confine him to his bank, Mr. Mosher is ever
ready to join worthy public movements for the extension of trade or
betterment of conditions. He has never been active along political
lines, but fulfills the obligations of citizenship faithfully. He enjoys
the esteem and respect of his colleagues and the general public, and
by his personalitv has done much toward upholding the prestige
which his bank cnjovs.

T. L. CHRISTIAN SON.

Although yet a young man, T. L. Christianson of Oakland, Cali-
fornia, is considered one of the best trial lawyers on the Pacific coast
and has made for himself a reputation along lines of medical juris-
prudence and toxicology. He is deeply informed along these lines
and often drawn into important cases for consultation.

T. L. Christianson is a native son of Oakland, his day of birth
being February i6, 1880. His parents are Captain H. O. and Karen
(Thompson) Christianson, and he is of Norwegian descent. He
spent his boyhood in Washington county, Oregon, and there in his
early years received a limited education. At the age of seventeen he
retraced his steps to Oakland, his sole asset, other than his character
and ability, being an indifferent country-school training. In this city
he attended for a short time public and night schools, acquiring a
competent business training. Early in life he studied dentistrv to
some extent, acted as clerk in a drug store and later was a student
in the offices of various physicians. His ability was recognized when
he was appointed an assistant to the surgeon-general under Governor
Pardee. While he filled this position he also read law. Making
removal to Indiana. Mr. Christianson attended the University of Val-
paraiso, there passing his junior year in tlie law department. His
senior work was done at the American Central Law School of
Indianapolis, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of
Laws degree, being one of the foremost in his class. He took the bar
examination before even obtaining his diploma and was thereupon
admitted to practice in the courts of Indiana. He has since been
admitted to practice before the department of the interior united
patent office. In Indianapolis he first began active work in connec-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 145

tion with one of the foremost firms of the Hoosier state, Holtzman &
Coleman, there gaining a wide practical knowledge.

After about two years he returned to California in April, 1912,
and was admitted to the courts of this state, opening an office in the
Pantages building at Oakland. No long novitiate awaited him in
this city, as he soon demonstrated his ability to successfully handle
the most intricate cases and he is now accorded a most lucrative prac-
tice. As Mr. Christianson specializes in medical jurisprudence and
to.xicology his library along these lines is extensive. He is often
called into consultation by his colleagues and is considered one of the
foremost authorities in the state on these subjects. Mr. Christianson
also acts as California representative for the firm of Bradford &
Doolittle, patent attorneys, who have offices in Indianapolis and
Washington, D. C. Mr. Christianson is particularly effective in
criminal defense and in this field has made himself widely known.
He has distinct oratorical ability, a convincing manner and a pleas-
ing personality, and his services are ever in demand by those who
are unfortunate enough to fall under suspicion. Quiet and
determined, he cannot be moved by sarcasm or ridicule to precipitate
action, always preserving his dignity and clear judgment. It is but
natural, therefore, that he has great influence on court and jury and
that he succeeds in winning most of his cases. A recent honor which
has come to Mr. Christianson is his election to membership in the
Medico-Legal Society of New York.

Mr. Christianson married Miss Elizabeth L. Spencer on March
28, 1907, and they have four children: Lawrence Spencer, Blaine
Ingersoll. and twins, Elizabeth Avis and Lorraine Enid.

GEORGE MAGGIO.

George Maggio, an enterprising and prosperous representative
of business interests in Alameda county, has since 1906 been manager
of the Oakland branch of the Western California Fish Company.
His birth occurred in San Francisco, California, in November, 1876,
his parents being Fortutno and Eleanor Maggio. The father became
a resident of San Francisco in 1852 and was there engaged in the
fish supply business until the time of his retirement in 1904.

George Maggio remained a public-school student until fifteen
years of age and subsequently spent nine months in Heald's Business
College. He then embarked in the fish business in San Francisco

146 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

and conducted an independent enterprise of that character until
1906, when he consolidated his interests with those of the Western
California Fish Company, becoming manager of its Oakland branch.
He has held that important position throughout the intervening seven
years and has promoted the success of the local establishment in no
uncertain degree.

On the 30th of April, 1898, in San Francisco, Mr. Maggio was
united in marriage to Miss Chlotilde Franchi, by whom he has three
children: Eleanor, Alma and Maria. The two first named are
public-school students. In politics Mr. Maggio is a republican, while
his religious faith is that of the Catholic church. He belongs to
Piedmont Parlor of the Native Sons and is likewise identified with
the Loyal Order of Moose and the National Union. In all the rela-
tions of life he has been honorable and straightforward, and his
example is well worthy of emulation.

FRANK A. PARISH.

Frank A. Parish, general manager of Frank A. Parish & Com-
pany, has been engaged in the real-estate business in Oakland since
the fall of 1910. His birth occurred in Corvallis, Oregon, on the
loth of May, 1873, his parents being James A. and Matilda E.
Parish. In the acquirement of an education he remained a public-
school student of The Dalles, Oregon, until 1894 and then went
to Des Moines, Iowa, where he pursued a course in oratory, elocu-
tion and dramatic art at Drake University. He afterward lectured
throughout the state until 1901 and in that year removed to Lawton,
Oklahoma, where he embarked in the real-estate business, handling
town sites until 1905, when he disposed of his interests. His next
place of residence was Long Beach, California, where he dealt in
real-estate until the fall of 1910, when he came to Oakland. Here
he has been engaged in the general real-estate business throughout
the intervening three years, making a specialty of trading countrv
properties for city realty.

The following is an excerpt from a local publication : "It is the
purpose and intent of this issue of our Home Industry Edition to
call the attention of our friends, members and readers to those busi-
ness houses who have shown a kindly interest in the principles we
promulgate, and it is witli this end in view that we are pleased to
give space to the well known lirm of Frank A. Parish & Company,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 147

dealers in real-estate and making a specialty of exchanges, located at
1544 Broadway. This firm enjoys the hearty good-will of the entire
wage-earning population with which they have done business, and
the fact that their business has continued to thrive under the vigorous
business policy proves that the fair and reasonable consideration
always given to their customers is appreciated. Of equal importance
is the fact that this firm's standing in the community is such as to
reflect great credit upon the city at large. They are among the lead-
ing business men of this section and have never hesitated to give
liberal support to all worthy projects that have had for their object
the uplifting and betterment of the city's welfare. We urge our
readers to do all in their power to further this firm's interest during
the ensuing year."

On the 26th of June, 1894, i"^ Heppner, Oregon, Mr. Parish was
united in marriage to Miss Effie J. 'Warren, by whom he has a
daughter, Irma, who is eighteen years of age and a high-school
student. In politics he is independent, while fraternally he is identi-
fied with the Masons and the Elks. He is also a valued member of
the Oakland Real Estate Association.

DAVID MORRIS.

David Morris, division superintendent of the Peoples Water
Company in Alameda and one of the well known, popular and repre-
sentative business men of his community, was born in London, Eng-
land, on the 26th of May, 1852. He acquired his education in the
public schools of his native city and there remained until he was nine-
teen years of age. Leaving England in 1871, he crossed the Atlantic
to America and, pushing westward to California, located in San Fran-
cisco, where he remained for a number of years, engaging first in
various occupations and finally centering his attention upon civil
engineering, with some branch of which he has been connected since
that time. He has mastered the profession in principle and detail,
and this knowledge, combined with the spirit of enterprise which
actuates him in all that he does, has brought him an enviable degree
of success and a high phice in business circles of the city where he
makes his home.

Mr. Morris came to Alameda in 1880 and here became connected
with the Artesian Waterworks, rising through successive stages of
progress and advancement from the position of collector and clerk

148 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

to that of division superintendent, this final promotion coming in
April, 1900, when the waterworks plant was taken over by the Contra
Costa Water Company. Mr. Morris has since served in this respon-
sible position, and he has proved himself eminently well qualified
to fill it, being a discriminating, resourceful and enterprising busi-
ness man and thoroughly well informed on questions relating to the
work under his charge.

Mr. Morris married Miss Mary B. Tibbery, a native of San
Francisco, and they have one son, Jack E. The parents are well
known in social circles of the city, their genuine personal worth hav-
ing drawn to them many warm friends. During the thirty-three years
that he has lived in Alameda Mr. Morris has taken an active and
intelligent interest in public affairs, cooperating heartily in move-
ments for the general good and lending the weight of his influence
to progressive public measures. His business record is above
reproach, and the long period of his residence here has been fruitful
and of great good to the community, to the advancement and growth
of which he has made such substantial contributions.

PERRY F. BROWN.

A man well known in Oakland for his public spirit, his broad
views and his excellent business and professional ability is Perrv F.
Brown, now acting in a capable and efiicient manner as city engineer
and superintendent of streets. He was born in Janesville, Wisconsin,
and acquired his preliminary education in the public schools of tliat
city, later entering the State University, from which he was grad-
uated as a civil engineer in 1897. Immediately afterward he engaged
in professional practice at Janesville and he served as city engineer
of that city, gaining thus his first experience in his profession as
applied to municipal questions. Mr. Brown came to Oakland in
1900. and here he spent one year with the Standard Electric Com-
pany, in charge of the construction of the Bear River dam, com-
pleted in 1901. in the following year he entered the employ of the
city of Oakland in the city engineering department and when the new
charter went into elfect in July, 191 1, was appointed superintendent
of streets and city engineer, positions which he has since capablv
filled. Mr. Brown takes a just pride in the fact that he has been
identified with tiie inauguration of many movements making for
public sanitation and beautification and tiiat he lias done much to

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 149

advance the cause of good roads throughout the county. It has been
his constant aim to see that all affairs coming before his departments
are conducted along business lines and upon a fair and honorable
basis, and in this way he has done a great deal to promote efficiency
in the offices over which he has control.

Mr. Brown married Miss Beulah Hodgdon, a native of Wis-
consin, and they are the parents of a daughter, Marian. Mr. Brown
has since 1908 been a member of the American Society of Civil
Engineers and is widely known in engineering circles, on account
of his professional ability and the excellent constructive work he has
done along this line in the public service.

GILBERT P. HALY

Gilbert P. Haly embarked in the real-estate and insurance busi-
ness at Oakland on attaining his majority and during the eight years
which have since elapsed has won gratifying success in that field of
endeavor. His birth occurred in London, England, in April, 1884,
his parents being G. S. and E. M. Haly. In 1896 the family home
was established in Oakland, California, the father embarking in busi-
ness as a tea broker of San Francisco, where he is still active.

In the acquirement of an education Gilbert P. Haly attended the
graded and high schools until 1905 and when twenty-one vears of age
became identified with the real-estate and insurance business, in which
he has won success. He has thoroughly acquainted himself with
realty values here and is qualified to give expert advice to clients.

In August, 1907, at Oakland, Mr. Haly was united in marriage
t(j Miss S. M. Fritsch, by whom he has two children, Ann and Phillip.
He is a young man of excellent business ability and is popular in
social circles by reason of his attractive personality.

CORNELIUS J. TWOMEY.

Cornelius J. Twomey, merchant tailor of Oakland, has been for
more than tvyenty-five years a resident of that city and enjoys an
extensive and gratifying patronage. His birth occurred in County
Cork, Ireland, on the 21st of March, 1869, his parents being James

150 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

and Nora Twomey. He attended the public schools until fourteen
years of age and then made his way to San Francisco, California,
where he entered the dry goods establishment of J. J. O'Brien, being
employed as clerk for two years. On the expiration of that period
became to Oakland and here continued as buyer for James A. Joyce,
a dry goods merchant, until igoi. At that time, having gained both
the necessary capital and experience, he embarked in the men's tailor-
ing business on his own account and has won an enviable reputation
for high-class merchant tailoring.

At Oakland, in 1896, Mr. Twomey was united in marriage to
Miss Sadie Gallagher, by whom he has three children: Margaret,
Earl James and Henrietta Marie. His fraternal relations are with
the Knights of Columbus and other prominent orders. The period
of his residence in Oakland covers almost three decades and he is
widely recognized as one of the city's substantial, esteemed and repre-
sentative residents.

CHRISTOPHER RUESS.

Christopher Ruess, of Oakland, was appointed probation officer
of Alameda county in 1907 and his labors in this connection have
since been of incalculable benefit in the work of moral uplift here.
He was born in Sterling, Kansas, on the loth of December, 1878,
his parents being William E. and Katharine Ruess. He acquired his
early education in the public schools of Fort Wayne, Indiana, and
Grand Rapids, Michigan, and at the age of fourteen entered high
school in Los Angeles, California, graduating when a youth of
eighteen. Subsequently he matriculated in Harvard College, Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts, and completed a four years' course in 1900,
while three years later he was graduated from the Divinity School
of Harvard University, a non-sectarian institution. He then made
his way to San Francisco and became head of Boys Work and editor
of The Kingdom, a social service monthly, at the People's Place
Social Settlement, 111 the meantime acting as superintendent of the
Sunday School of the First Unitarian church under Rev. Bradford
Leavitt until igo4. In that year he became minister of the First
Unitarian church in Alameda, there remaining until 1906, and after-
ward acted as a representative of the American Unitarian Associa-
tion in the earthquake and fire relief work in San Francisco for one

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 151

vear. At the end of that time he was appointed probation officer of
Alameda county.

When Mr. Ruess first undertook the duties of this responsible
position he occupied half of a desk in the office of District Attorney
Brown and the Detention Home comprised one small room in the
Receiving Hospital of Alameda county. Mr. Ruess was the first full
time probation officer in the county and his salary for the first two
years was paid by private subscription, as it had been paid since 1903
to his predecessors, who were Miss Anita Whitney, recently the presi-
dent of the California Civic League, and Ezra Decoto, now prosecut-
ing attorney for Oakland, under whom the work was successfully
carried forward. Great credit is due for ten years of successful
juvenile court and probation work in Alameda county to the Oakland
Club and to the Child's Welfare League in particular, under the
leadership of Miss Bessie J. Wood, Mrs. Elinor Carlisle and Dr.
Susan J. Fenton, as well as to many other women's organizations in
this county. Fifty such organizations sent in resolutions to the super-
visors in 1908, when John Mitchell was president of the board, ask-
ing for the present juvenile court building to be rented. Recently
one hundred women's organizations have petitioned the present super-
visors to appropriate money for land and a building. The super-
visors have since purchased for twenty thousand dollars the entire
block between Eighteenth and Nineteenth and between Poplar and
Union streets, in Oakland. Mr. Ruess' policy has been to enlist the
cooperation of men and women of ability and caliber by permitting
and encouraging self-expression and initiative. During his incum-
bency as probation officer the juvenile court has been under the direc-
tion of Judges Harry A. Melvin, E. J. Brown, F. B. Ogden and
William S. Wells, whose successive policies he has endeavored to
carry out.

The Detention Home is not under the direction of the probation
officer but under that of the probation committee, whose members
are as follows: J. B. Richardson, Herbert D. Clark, Mrs. A. S.
Lavenson, J. D. McCarthy, R. A. Leet, Dr. Sarah L Shuey and
Mrs. C. S. Chamberlain, secretary. These are unpaid and are
appointed for four-year terms by the superior judges.

Mr. Ruess' hobby may be said to be public service. He has been
interested in many reforms in the county, especially those bearing
on the juvenile court, adult probation, child labor, the larger use of
public-school buildings and the enforcement of educational rights
of children. He did a great deal of campaigning under the auspices
of the Women's Christian Temperance Union for the red light injunc-

152 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

tion and abatement act in towns within one hundred miles of Oak-
land. Among the local reforms which have enlisted his active sup-
port are those pertaining to the reduction of the number of saloons,
the closing of the segregated vice district, the censorship of public
amusements, the persistent advocacy of more and better playgrounds
and the establishment of municipal club houses like the Young Men's
Christian Association in every part of the city. He is a valued mem-
ber of the Santa Fe Improvement Club, the Central California Social
Workers Club and the Alameda County Social Workers Club.

On the 2d of April, 1905, in Los Angeles, Mr. Ruess was united
in marriage to Miss Stella Knight, her father being William H.
Knight, a journalist who is connected with several Los Angeles
papers. They now have two children, Waldo, aged five, and Everett,
aged one. Mrs. Ruess is a former president of the Mothers Club
of the Washington school, Oakland, and to her sympathy and interest
in his work Mr. Ruess attributes his success in great measure.

ADELBERT WILSON.

From 1870 until 191 2 Adelbert Wilson was connected with the
police force of Oakland, with but two years' interruption, and from
December 20, 1905, he served as chief of police. Under him the
department developed and increased in efficiency and lawlessness in
the city of Oakland was kept down at the lowest possible level.
There is great credit due Mr. Wilson for what he achieved in his
official position and many were those who voiced regret when he.
retired on account of ill health on a pension on October i, 191 2,
although all recognized that this faithful and untiring official was
entitled to a rest.

Mr. Wilson was born in Camden, Maine, January 8, 1844, and
there received a serviceable public-school education, remaining in
his native town until nineteen years of age. Being possessed of
ambition and desirous to see the world, he decided to seek his for-
tune in the west, and in 1863 arrived in San Francisco, California.
His first position was with Boswell & Geddes, who were located at
Front and Commercial streets. He was willing to work and turned
his attention to anything that would yield him a living. After he
relinquished his first position he turned his attention to the black-
smith business, and subsequentlv, with his brother Edmund, engaged
in the express business, and later owned the San Francisco news-

ADKLI'.IMIT WILSOX

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 155

paper routes of the News and Transcript of Oakland. On May 30,
1870, Mr. Wilson was appointed special officer in the police depart-
ment in Oakland, and served in that position for four years and four
months, receiving, on October 5, 1874, his appointment to the reg-
ular force. On October 15, 1877, he was made sergeant, but shortly
thereafter, during the political excitement known as the "Kearney
Workingmen's Movement," Sergeant Wilson and eighteen other
officers were discharged. He was reinstated, only to be again
dropped from the force and again taken on many times, according
to what political leaders were in power. For example, on January
17, 1881, he was reappointed, and removed again on June 6th. He
was not reappointed after his removal on June 6th until August 20,
1883, and from this time was continuously connected with the police
force. On May 7, 1889, he was made captain, and for over sixteen
years held that important position, being on December 20, 1905,
appointed chief of police. Although different political administra-
tions came and went, Mr. Wilson was retained as chief, which title
was changed to that of superintendent of police, but under the new
charter was again changed to chief. There is great credit due him
for what he has achieved, for he rose from the ranks and by the
faithful and fearless performance of duty and because of his natural
ability became the head of the department.

Chief Wilson held office when the great fire in San Francisco
occurred, and largely to him fell the handling of the immense
crowds of homeless people who made their way to Oakland, accom-
panied by the usual lawless element. The magnitude of this task
can be better appreciated when it is known that over two hundred
thousand arrived in Oakland within three davs. By promptly insti-
tuting strict rules Chief Wilson remained master of the situation,
although he only had his regular force of seventy-one policemen.
At the recent celebration in honor of the entrance of the Western
Pacific Railroad into Oakland he again distinguished himself by
handling an immense throng of one hundred thousand visitors, tak-
ing precautionary measures in advance of the occasion which made
the affair pass off without a hitch, and not a single accident was
reported. This excellent result was largely due to his personal dili-
gence and inspection. Chief Wilson moved with the police depart-
ment into Oakland's first city hall on August 9, 1870, one prisoner
being removed at the time. The city jail was formerly where the
courthouse now stands and the police court and police office were
located on the southwest corner of Eighth street and Broadway.
After forty years of most efficient service Mr. Wilson retired on a

156 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

pension on October i, 19 12, and the good wishes of thousands accom-
panied him into a life of leisure, to which he is perhaps more entitled
than any one man now living in the city.

On December 19, 1872, Chief Wilson married Miss Mary E.
Poole, of Whitman (then Abington), Massachusetts, the ceremony
being performed by Rev. Hamilton and taking place in Oakland.
Of their three children all are dead. Florence married Wilbur
Walker, Jr., and passed away October 18, 1913, leaving a daughter,
Adele. Fraternally Mr. Wilson is a thirty-second degree Mason
and a Shriner, and since February 12, 1872, has been a member of
Oakland Lodge, No. 118, I. O. O. F. Both he and his wife belong
to the Order of the Eastern Star. His home is on Twenty-fifth
street and was built by him many years ago, as he has resided there
for twenty-eight years. On May 30, 1907, he was presented with a
valuable diamond set gold shield by the members of the Oakland
police force as a token of their esteem and friendship, the mayor of
the city making a suitable speech at the time. Mr. Wilson has had
few outside interests except those already mentioned, police effi-
ciency being always foremost in his mind and his duties being the
all important thing which continually occupied him. Courteous,
afifable and approachable, he is ever ready to do a kindness to those
who need his services, and is esteemed for his unfaltering veracity,
the purity of his motives and the sincerity of his opinions. As an
official he has reflected honor upon the citv of Oakland and is a
credit to the department of which he was so long the head.

ALBERT C. BARKER.

Albert C. Barker, present city superintendent of the Oakland
schools, was born in Canton, Maine. He attended the public schools
of Turner, Maine, and the Maine Wesleyan Seminary. He served
as principal of the schools of Mays Landing, New Jersey, for three
years, and of Austin, Nevada, for the same length of time.

Mr. Barker then came to California, where he continued his edu-
cation at Stanford University and the University of California. After
leaving college he became principal of the high school and superin-
tendent of schools in Salinas, from which position he resigned to
accept a similar one in Eureka. Seven years later he came to Oak-
land and became principal of the Bay and of the Prescott schools.
He was then elected city superintendent of Santa Rosa, but resigned

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 157

this position to become assistant superintendent of schools in Oakland.
In 191 2 he became business manager of the Oakland schools, and on
the resignation of Superintendent McClymonds became his suc-
cessor.

In June, 1900, he was married to Miss Nettie E. Hindry. They
have two sons, Richard and Horace Albert, who are eleven and six
years old respectively. Superintendent Barker is a member of the
Oakland Commercial Club and of several fraternal and local civic
organizations.

HENRY B. ORWIG.

Henry B. Orwig is widely known as the president and general
manager of the North American Hospital Association at No. 577
Fourteenth street in Oakland. His birth occurred in Bangor, Michi-
gan, in August, 1864, his parents being Henry G. and Mary A.
(Gardiner) Orwig. In the acquirement of an education he attended
the graded and high schools of Garnett, Kansas, until 1884 and then
went to Chicago, where for one year he was employed as clerk by
I. O. Harsh, a member of the Board of Trade. Returning to Gar-
nett, Kansas, he there worked on his father's stock farm until twenty-
two years of age and subsequently made his way to Clatskanie,
Oregon, where he was engaged in the butchering business in associa-
tion with his brother for two years. On the expiration of that period
he sold out and again returned to Kansas, working on his father's
farm for two years. He next went to Girard, Kansas, and there con-
ducted a mercantile establishment until 1898, when he sold out and
organized Company D of the Twentieth Kansas United States Volun-
teers, acting as its captain until his regiment was mustered out in
July, 1899. In that month he was promoted major of the Thirty-
seventh United States Volunteers and thus served until the regiment
was discharged in June, 1901, when he accepted a commission as
major of native troops around Manila.

In 1908 Mr. Orwig resigned and came to Oakland, California,
here acting as a salesman with the M. T. Minney Real Estate Com-
pany for one year. Subsequently he spent a year as manager of the
Pacific Coast Hospital Association and then consolidated a number
of hospital associations under the name of the North American Hos-
pital Association, of which he was elected president and general
manager. The purpose of the organization is to afford surgical,

158

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

medical and hospital service to men, women and children at a nominal
cost of one dollar per month. Mr. Orwig is well qualified for his
important duties as head of this splendid organization— an institu-
tion of great-value and inestimable benefit to the general public.

On the 24th of December, 1889, in Garnett, Kansas, Mr. Orwig
was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Rupp, by whom he has three
children, namely: Raymond L., who acts as agent for the North
American Hospital Association; Ethel, at home with her parents;
and Robert, a resident of Stockton, California. In politics Mr.
Orwig is a progressive republican and at all times a loyal and public-
spirited citizen. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and enjoys
an extensive acquaintance in Oakland and Alameda county.

BROWN G. ENSIGN.

Brown G. Ensign assisted in the organization and has since acted
as treasurer of the United Home Builders, a prosperous con-
cern of Oakland. His birth occurred in Effingham, Illinois, on the
6th of June, 1879, his parents being J. H. and Hattie J. Ensign. In
the acquirement of an education he attended the graded and high
schools until eighteen years of age and then went to St. Louis,
Missouri, where he was employed as a stenographer by the
Mississippi Valley Trust Company until 1903. In that year he
returned to Effingham, Illinois, and there served as assistant cashier
for the First National Bank until 1907, when he resigned and
removed to Neola, Iowa, acting as president of the State Bank of
Neola for five years or until 19 12. He then made his way to Cali-
fornia and after spending five months in Sacramento came to Oak-
land, here assisting in the organization of the United Home Builders,
of which he has served as treasurer to the present time. In that
capacity he has contributed in no small degree to the continued
growth and success of this Oakland concern, which has gained both
prestige and prosperity.

At Williamsport, Pennsylvania, on the 7th of June, 190;. Mr.
Ensign was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary Donaldson, by wliom
he has two children: Donaldson, a public-school student; and
Brown (i. Ensign, jr.

Mr. Ensign is a republican in politics and a Protestant in religious
faith. He belongs to the Athenian Club and the Oakland Commer-
cial Club and is identified fraternally witii tlie Benevolent Protective

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 159

Order of Elks. He is a man of exemplary habits, strict integrity and
strong personality and is well known in Oakland, holding the high
esteem of all who have business and social relations with him.

THOMAS M. ROBINSON.

Thomas M. Robinson, a highly respected and representative citi-
zen of Oakland, ably discharges the duties devolving upon him in
the capacity of assistant assessor of Alameda county, having been
appointed to that position in 1880 and having held the same con-
tinuously since with the exception of four years. His birth occurred
near Jacksonville, Jackson county, Oregon, on the 28th of February,
iBqS, his father being one of the pioneer settlers in both California
and Oregon coming to the former state in 1849. The latter enjoyed
a reputation as an able physician and surgeon and was also recog-
nized as one of the stanch upbuilders of the new and growing western
commonwealths.

Thomas M. Robinson acquired his early education in the common
schools of his native state and when ten years of age accompanied
his parents on their removal to California, here continuing his studies
as a high-school student. After putting aside his text-books he
secured a position in a furniture store and continued to devote his
attention to that line of business until 1880, when he was appointed
assistant assessor of Alameda county. A third of a century has since
passed and, with the exception of four years spent as clerk of superior
court No. 2, Hon. F. W. Henshaw, judge, he has held the office
throughout that entire period. Such a record speaks for itself most
convincingly and requires no eulogistic comment.

On the 27th of July, 1887, Mr. Robinson was joined in wedlock
to Miss Mary J. Havens, who was born in Crown Point, Essex
county. New York, and came to California with her parents in 1868.
Five children have been born of this marriage. Mr. Robinson is
identified with numerous fraternal organizations, belonging to
Sequoia Lodge, F. & A. M., of Oakland; Oakland Consistory, No. 2,
Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of F. M.; S. J. R. S. A.; Live Oak
Lodge, No. 17, K. P.; Oakland Tent, K. O. T. M. ; and Oakland
Lodge, T. O. F. He is likewise a member of Oakland Camp of
the Woodmen of the World, in which organization he has passed
all of the chairs, having been clerk for the past twenty-three years,
and has also been head manager of the Pacific Jurisdiction of the

160 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Woodmen of the World for eight years. On account of his father's
service in the Civil war he is eligible to membership in the Sons of
Veterans, and his name may be found on the roster of E. D. Baker
Camp, No. 5, of which he is past commander. He is also past chan-
cellor of his lodge in the Knights of Pythias. Mr. Robinson is one of
the well known and highly esteemed citizens of Oakland and his sub-
stantial qualities of manhood and of character have gained for him
an enviable position in the regard of all with whom he has come in
contact.

JOHN J. HOGARTY, D. V. S.

Dr. John J. Hogarty, who was admitted to practice as a veterinai \
surgeon more than a quarter of a century ago, has spent his entire
life in Oakland and for the past eleven years has followed his pm
fession in association with Dr. Archibald, an eminent veterinarian
and bacteriologist. His birth occurred in Oakland on the 6th ot
October, 1867, his parents being Dr. J. B. and Josephine Hogarty.
The father, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, acquired his education in
the public schools of that city and subsequently removed to Daven
port, Iowa, where for five years he studied veterinary surgery under
the preceptorship of Dr. P. J. McDonald, a graduate of the Royal
College of Veterinary of England. He then located for practice in
Oakland, California, and here remained an active representative ot
his profession until 1887, when he retired. His demise occurred in
1907.

John J. Hogarty attended the graded and high schools in the
acquirement of an education and subsequently worked in the butchei
shop of his uncle for a time. He then studied veterinary surger\
under the direction of his father and was examined by the state boanl
and admitted to practice. In 1897 he entered the San Francisco
Veterinary College, being graduated from that institution three yeai>
later. He has always been accorded an extensive practice and during
the past eleven years has followed the profession in association with
Dr. Archibald. His prominence in the field of his chosen life work
is indicated by the fact that he is now serving as president of the
California State Veterinary Association.

In March, 1889, at Oakland, Dr. Hogarty was joined in wedlock
to Miss Mary Senner, by whom he has two children: Ethel B., a
high-school graduate; and Edward J., who is attending the public

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 161

schools. Fraternally the Doctor is identified with the Elks and the
United Workmen. In matters of citizenship his influence and sup-
port are given on the side of advancement and progress and he holds
to high standards in man's personal relations with his fellowmen.

BENJAMIN A. GLOVER.

Benjamin A. Glover, residing in Oakland, has served as manager
of the Berkeley branch of the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Com-
pany since 1910. He was born in Flint, Michigan, on the nth of
August, 1876, and attended the graded and high schools until grad-
uated at the age of nineteen years. Subsequently he pursued a two
years' course of study in a commercial college at Bay City, Michigan,
and was afterward employed as billing clerk and baggageman by the
Grand Trunk Railroad for three years. Later he was engaged with
various railroads in different capacities until the time of his removal
to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he entered the service of the Inde-
pendent Telephone Company. Mr. Glover was next identified there
with the Bell Telephone Company in the contract department until
1907 and in that vear was transferred to Oakland, the company being
here known as the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Company. He
held the position of district contract agent until 1910 and was then
transferred to Berkeley as manager of the branch at that place, in
which connection he has proven a valued and efficient representative
of the corporation.

On the istof September, 1906, in St. Paul, Minnesota, Mr. Glover
was joined in wedlock to Miss Marie Colby. He belongs to the
Chamber of Commerce and is also connected with the Michigan
Society and the Masonic fraternity. A cordial, genial manner wins
his friends wherever he goes, and he well merits the esteem which is
accorded him.

EZRA S. FOWLER.

Ezra S. Fowler is a representative of realty interests in Oakland,
where he has carried on a business of that character with excellent
success since 1909. His birth occurred in New Brunswick, Canada,
on the 22d of January, 1857, 'i'* parents being Weslcv and Mary

162 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Fowler. He acquired his education in a private school and in 1872
removed to Rice county, Minnesota, where he acted as manager of
a large land holding until 1876. In that year he came to California
and was made manager of the San Francisco plumbing establishment
of J. J. Vasconcellos, ably serving in that capacity until 1882. He
then came to Oakland and here was made the first secretary of the
Young Men's Christian Association, holding the office until 1886,
when he resigned and went to Lake county, California. There he
carried on agricultural pursuits for eight years and subsequently
traveled for a St. Louis hardware concern until 1903. Mr. Fowler
then returned to Oakland and during the following six years was
engaged in the metal business in San Francisco. In 1909 he sold out
and embarked in the real-estate business in Oakland, in which he has
continued to the present time, enjoying an extensive and gratifying
clientage. He is thoroughly informed concerning realty values and
is recognized as one whose judgment is sound in relation to the pos-
sible rise or diminution in the same.

On the ist of July, 1884, in San Francisco. Mr. Fowler was united
in marriage to Miss Jennie E. Mahan, by whom he has two children,
Eugene S. and Walter M., the former being now a public-school
student. Mr. Fowler is an enthusiastic supporter of the progressive
party, believing in the efficacy of the principles and policy expounded
by Theodore Roosevelt. His fraternal relations are with the Masons,
of the teachings of which organization he is a worthv exemplar.

WILLIAM C. DOHRMAXN.

\^'illiam C. Dohrmann, engaged in the general real-estate busi-
ness in Oakland, with offices at 706-7 First National Bank building,
is the general agent of the East Shore Park l^ract at Stege. His
parents were H. G. F. and Mary E. Dohrmann, and his paternal
grandfather was one of the pioneers in California, coming to Ala-
meda county in 1849. He acquired land which is now the business
center of Oakland and sold for nine hundred dollars what is now the
corner of Ninth and Broadway. It was at that time covered with
oak trees, 'i'hc motiicr of the subject of this review died in San
Francisco wiicn he was but two years of age, but the father, who
reached the ripe old age of eighty in June, 1914, survives and is
living retireil. There were five children in their family. Wil-
liam C. Dohrmann acquired his education by attendance at the

WII.I.IAM ( . IMUIKMAXX

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 165

public schools until fourteen years of age, and subsequently entered
the employ of Lebenbaum Brothers, grocers of San Francisco, driv-
ing a team for two years. On the expiration of that period he went
to Pinole, Contra Costa county, California, and there worked for one
year as a box maker with the California Powder Company. He next
spent three months in San Francisco taking care of a soda fountain
for N. M. Benjamin & Company and afterward worked for three
years in the service of the Underwriters Fire Patrol in the capacity
of patrolman under Captain J. F. O. Comstock. Returning to Pinole,
he there remained in the employ of the California Powder Company
until 1898 and then went back to San Francisco, engaging with the
Pacific Mail Steamship Company as storekeeper on one of their ves-
sels, while subsequently he acted as assistant purser for eight years.
At the end of that time he resigned and removed to Richmond,
Contra Costa county, where he was employed by the Standard Oil
Company as timekeeper for two months and later as paymaster for
three months. Afterward he again returned to San Francisco and
had charge of the vessels of the Barneson-Hibbard Navigation Com-
pany for two years.

He then resigned and came to Oakland, here embarking in the
real-estate business, which he has since carried on with gratifying
success. He acts as manager of the East Shore Park Tract in Stege,
which comprises thirty acres and was formerly owned by his grand-
father, Richard Stege, and was khown as the Stege ranch. Lots sell
for two hundred and fifty dollars and upwards. Sixty steam trains
a day, forty on the Southern Pacific and twenty on the Santa Fe, pass
through Stege, affording splendid service. There are also one hun-
dred and eighty-five electric cars which reach Pullman through
Stege's East Shore Park Tract. The depot is but fifty minutes' ride
from San Francisco, fortv-hvc minutes from Broadway and three
minutes to Pullman, where the Pullman Company is erecting an
extensive plant at a cost of two million dollars, and employ one thou-
sand men. Stege is a well settled community, promising the best
of social life and community interests. There are factories there,
fine schools, one of them the grammar school and another the fine
Union high school, the latter costing eighty-five thousand dollars.
It is close to the water front, and its pier reaches deep water and
serves the factories already established. Stege is in Contra Costa
county, which means "over against the coast,'' and is a pleasant land
of hill and dale bordering on the western shore of the great northern
arm of the bay of San Francisco and the southern bank of the great
Sacramento river. The climate of Stege is exceptional, a minglnig

166 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

of that belonging to the sea and that of the land. Mr. Dohrmann
is successfully handling property there and is widely recognized as
one of the representative and leading real-estate men of Oakland.

He belongs to the Oakland Real Estate Association and is like-
wise a member of the Chamber of Commerce. Fraternally he is
identified with the Masons, being connected with the organization
as a member of California Lodge, A. F. & A. M., of San Francisco.
He also belongs to the Sequoia Club in Richmond, and the Oakland
Commercial Club.

PETER N. SCH^^DT.

Peter N. Schmidt has been actively and successfully identified
with business interests of Alameda as a contractor and builder since
1907, and he is today one of the leading business men of the city.
He was born in Scherrebek, Germany, August 26. 1876. a son of
Carsten Schmidt, also a native of Germany, a jeweler and watch-
maker by trade, occupations which he followed until his death in
1900. He was a veteran of the Franco-Prussian war, in which he
served with honor and distinction, receiving the iron cross as a
reward for bravery in action. He was a soldier also in the Danish-
Prussian war of 1864 and after the close of that conflict was deco-
rated with a bronze medal in recognition of his courage. His wife,
who was in her maidenhood Miss Anna Hansen, was born in Ton-
dern, Germany, and died in 1904.

Peter N. Schmidt acquired his education in the public and Iiigh
schools of his native city. He was graduated in 1891 and imme-
diately afterward began serving his apprenticeship at the carpenter's
trade, completing his term in four years. Afterward he traveled
through Germany, France, Switzerland and Austria for about two
years and then extended his journey across the Atlantic to America.
He settled in California on the ist of May, 1901, and for a time
worked at his trade in Oakland, going to San Rafael in the latter
part of the same year. At the end of two years he returned to
Oakland and there remained until 1906. Tn the following vear he
moved to Alameda and here established Iiimself as a general con-
tractor and builder, an occupation to wiiich lie has devoted his
attention since that time w^ith gratifying results. Manv of tlie most
attractive buildings in this section of the countv testifv to liis ability
and skill, and among these may be mentioned tlie Young Men's

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 167

Christian Association building in Oakland and the First Presbyte-
rian church in the same city, both structures being artistic in design
as well as adequate and convenient in arrangement. He has built
also some of the best residences in Piedmont, Oakland and Alameda,
and his business is constantly increasing as his ability and excellent
qualifications become more widely known.

Mr. Schmidt married Miss Edna B. Waters, a daughter of Helon
and Sara Waters of Nantucket. Mr. Schmidt is not active in politics,
but is nevertheless a loyal and public-spirited citizen. His salient
characteristics are such as have gained for him the friendly regard
and good-will of all with whom he has been associated through either
business or social relations, and he is well entitled to a foremost place
among the representative and respected citizens of Alameda.

FERDINAND MANTE.

The German element is an important one in the citizenship of
Oakland and finds a representative in Ferdinand Mante, who was
born in Stettin, Germany, December i8, 1857, his parents being
Ferdinand and Wilhelmina Mante. In accordance with the educa-
tional laws of the country, he attended the public schools till he
reached the age of fourteen years and then began working for his
father, who was engaged in the draying business and also in the sale
of potatoes. The son spent his time in that way until he reached
the age of twenty, after which he served for three years in the
German army. On the expiration of that period he returned home
and after visiting family and friends in the fatherland sailed for'
the United States, settling in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on the 4th
of May, 1882. He was employed as an apprentice in a furniture and
hardware store until 1888, when he sought the opportunities fur-
nished by the great and growing west and made his way to Sacra-
mento, California. There he entered the employ of the bottling
firm of Postel & Sneer, by whom he was employed as a bottler for a
short time. He afterward worked for various other bottling firms
until 1 891, when he engaged with the Bufifalo Brewing Company,
being placed in charge of the bottling department. That he was
capable and reliable is indicated in the fact that he remained in
that position for six years. He subsequently entered into partner-
ship with George Kirchner under the firm style of Kirchner &
Mante, beer bottlers, representing tiie Seattle Brewing & Malting

168 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

Company. Thev have built up a business of large proportions and
enjoy substantial success.

Mr. Mante was married in Milwaukee to Miss Minna Ness on
the 7th of May, 1882, and they have one daughter, now Mrs. Helen
Gray, of Los Angeles. Mr. Mante belongs to the Eintracht and
to the Oakland Turn Verein. He also holds membership with the
Fraternal Order of Eagles. He has based his success upon persist-
ent purpose and unfaltering energy, and those qualities have placed
him in the substantial financial position which he now occupies.

H. & H.-PATENT DEVELOPING COAH^ANY.

H. &; H. -Patent Developing Company was incorporated Decem-
ber \2, 1912, under the laws of the state of California. The busi-
ness of the company is to develop patents, inventions patented, per-
fected, bought and sold. Sales office at 30 North LaSalle street,
Chicago, Illinois, executive offices and factory at 386-388 Tenth
street. Oakland, California.

KEYES & MARTIN.

Among the law firms of Berkeley that of Keyes & Martin takes a
foremost place. They are located in the Berkeley National Bank
building and there have for a number of years conducted a suc-
cessful practice.

E. E. Keyes, the senior member of the firm, is a native of Kansas
and when eleven years of age moved with his parents and their
family to San Diego, California. He was educated in the public
schools there and in 1897 graduated from the Los Angeles State
Normal School. He subsequently entered the University of Cali-
fornia, from which he graduated in 1902. He took post-graduate
courses in law until 1904, which further prepared him for his pro-
fession, although he was admitted to the bar in 1903. In 1905 he
formed a law partnership with Mr. Waite and Mr. Martin under the
firm name of Waite, Keyes & Martin. Upon the death of Mr. Waite
in 1907 the firm assumed its present style of Keves & Martin.

Mr. Keyes was united in marriage to Miss Mabel Gaines, a
native of California, and they have two children, Kenneth and Enid.
Mr. Keyes is popular in Berkeley Lodge, No. 1002, B. P. O. E.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 169

L. E. Martin, the junior member of the firm, was born in Ver-
mont and when two years of age was brought to California by his
parents, the family settling in Orange county. In the acquirement
of his education he attended Berkeley high school and in 1902 grad-
uated from the University of California, having satisfactorily com-
pleted his undergraduate work. He then taught in Alameda high
school and took his bar examination. He then took another course
of one year in the University of California, beginning practice in
1904 and in 1905 becoming a partner of Mr. Keyes. He was a class-
mate in college of his present partner.

Keyes & Martin are well known in Berkeley as attorneys for the
Equitable Building & Loan Association of this city. Both are able
exponents of the law, well grounded in its principles and well
informed on precedents. They enjoy therefore a large and repre-
sentative clientage and have gained a place of distinction among the
practicing lawyers of the city. Both are public-spirited and aggres-
sive, ever interested in the progress of the city, and readily indorse
public measures undertaken for the general welfare.

WILLIAM B. BUNKER.

William B. Bunker, a leading and successful attorney of Oakland,
is a member of the law firm of Peck, Bunker & Cole, maintaining
offices in both San Francisco and Oakland. His birth occurred in
Rush county, Indiana, in 1863, and there he was reared to manhood.
He supplemented his early education by a course of studv in Purdue
University and subsequently took up the study of law at ^^'a^saw,
Indiana, being admitted to the bar of that state in 1886. The same
year he made his wav to Las Vegas, New Mexico, and there began
the practice of law, for a number of years enjoying an extensive
clientage as a member of the firm of Bunker & Lucas. He was like-
wise local attorney for the Santa Fe Railroad. In public afifairs he
became a leading and influential factor, acting as chairman of the
democratic central committee of New Mexico, being elected state
senator and also serving as president of the bureau of investigation,
clerk of the United States court and as a member of the citv council
of Las Vegas. In these various connections he made a highlv
creditable record, winning the approbation of his constituents in
unc]ualified degree.

170 HISTORY OV .\L.\-MI-:i)A COUNTY

In igio Mr. Bunker came to California and in March of the
following year became a member of the law firm of Peck, Bunker &
Cole, which was organized at that time and has since maintained
offices in both San Francisco and Oakland. Their practice is exten-
sive and of an important character. Mr. Bunker is remarkable
among lawyers for the wide research and provident care with which
he prepares his cases. At no time has his reading ever been confined
to the limitation of the questions at issue. It has gone beyond and
compassed every contingency and provided not alone for the expected
but for the unexpected, which happens in the courts quite as fre-
quently as out of them.

In August, 1890, Mr. Bunker was united in marriage to Miss
Lydia |. Peck, of Merced. Fraternally he is identified with the
Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, having been
exalted ruler of the latter in Las Vegas. What he has accomplished
represents the fit utilization of the innate talents which are his and the
directing of his efiforts along lines where mature judgment is leading
the wav.

LELAND SPENCER.

Leland Spencer, a prosperous and respected citizen of Oakland,
is actively engaged in the real-estate business as a member of the
firm of George McComb & Company, in which he owns a halt
interest. His birth occurred in Raleigh, West Virginia, on the 23d
of March, 1868, his parents being James H. and Polly Spencer. In
the acquirement of an education he studied in the public schools
of Fayette county. West Virginia, until sixteen years of age and sub-
sequently attended a high school and business college in Cincinnati,
Ohio, graduating when eighteen years of age. He afterward em-
barked in the real-estate brokerage business and when nineteen years
of age went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he was also engaged
in the real-estate business and acted as right-of-way agent for a laro-e
transcontinental railroad during the next six years.

At the age of twenty-five Mr. Spencer went to Seattle, Wash-
ington, and associated himself with one of the leading real-estate
firms of the city, though still retaining his business in Minneapolis.
In 1898 he disposed of his interests and thereafter lived retired in
California, except for the mining interests he retained in Alaska,
until August, 1913, when he formed tlie real-estate firm of George

HISTORY OF ALA-MEDA COUNTY 171

McComb & Company, in which he owns a half interest. They handle
citv and country properties and also subdivisions and are accorded
a gratifying clientage. Mr. Spencer lost heavily in the San Fran-
cisco fire of 1906 and for that reason again embarked in the business
which had formerly brought him a fortune. He is determined to
recoup his losses, and in his present undertakings is meeting with a
measure of success which promises the speedy fulfillment of his
hopes.

In July, 1907, in San Francisco, Mr. Spencer was united in mar-
riage to Miss Osburne, a daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Osburne, of
Los Angeles. They have one child, Leland, who is five years of age.

JACOB V. SM EATON.

Jacob V. Smeaton is an active and enterprising representative of
business interests in Oakland as general manager of the C. A. Smith
Lumber Company, which important position he has held since 191 1.
His birth occurred in Montgomery county. New York, on the 20th
of December, 1868, his parents being James and Elizabeth Smeaton.
He attended the graded and high schools in the acquirement of an
education and following his graduation, in 1886, secured a position
as bookkeeper with the John E. Sutphen Lumber Company, being
thus employed until 1888. In that year he went to Rochester, New
York, where he acted as bookkeeper for the Hollister Lumber Com-
pany until 1890 and was then transferred to their branch in North
Tonawanda, New York, there serving as bookkeeper until 1893.
Mr. Smeaton was in that year made manager and held the position
until 1901, when he resigned and went to Ashland, Wisconsin, there
establishing the Spider Lake Sawmill & Lumber Company, of which
he acted as treasurer and manager until disposing of his interests
in 1909. He then went to Marshfield, Oregon, and there had charge
of a mill for the C. A. Smith Lumber Company until 1911, when
he was transferred to Oakland, California, as general manager of
the concern, and in that connection his efforts have since constituted
no small factor in its continued growth and success.

In Passaic, New Jersey, on the 24th of January, 1893, Mr. Smea-
ton was united in marriage to Miss Jennie F. Birch, by whom he has
two children: James D., a youth of sixteen, who is attending high
school; and Samuel Edgar, who is eleven years old and a public-
school student.

172 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

In his political views Mr. Smeaton is a republican, exercising
his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of that
party. In Masonry he is identified with both the York and Scottish
Rites and also with the Mystic Shrine. He is a past commander of
Ashland Commandery of Ashland, Wisconsin, and a popular mem-
ber of the Athenian Club and the Commercial Club of San Fran-
cisco. Mr. Smeaton is widely and favorably known for his straight-
forward and honorable methods both in business and social relations
and is numbered among the successful and representative citizens
of Oakland, being highly esteemed for his sterling worth and as a
promoter of all that tends to advance the general welfare.

EDWIN J. BOYES, M. D.

Dr. Edwin J. Boyes, who since 1893 has been engaged in the
general practice of medicine in Oakland^ was born in Toronto, Can-
ada, April 30, 1864. He acquired his early education in the Model
School in that city and later attended Normal School, after which
he engaged in teaching in Toronto. Later he took a course in
natural science at the Association of Civil Engineers and joined the
engineer corps in the Northwest Territory. He was stationed in
the wilderness, in the Hudson bay section, and assisted in preparing
the first map of the northwest country. Having determined to study
medicine. Dr. Boyes entered Trinitv L'niversity, from which he was
graduated in 1890. He also holds degrees from the College of
Physicians and Surgeons in Ontario and Victoria University. He
came west in 1890 and settled on the old Comstock at Virginia City,
Nevada, where he remained until 1893. He gained wide reputation
for skill and had during these years the largest practice of anyone
in the state, and although locating here over twentv vears ago. some
of his Nevada patients still come to him for his services. In the
last named year he moved to Oakland, California, and here has since
resided, being numbered today among the leading representatives
of the medical fraternity in the city. He is senior consulting physi-
cian of the Merritt Hospital and has been since its establishment.
He also has a large and lucrative private practice, accorded him in
recognition of his superior skill and ability. He is a member of the
national, state and county medical societies and in this wav keeps
in touch with the most advanced medical thought of his profession.
His personal characteristics have gained him the warm regard and

nVIX J. BOYKS

FIISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 175

friendship of many, while in professional lines he has attained that
eminence which comes only in recognition of merit and ability.

In Toronto in 1891 Dr. Boyes was married to Miss Mabel
Walker, a daughter of Irving Walker, a leading dry-goods merchant
of Toronto. Of this union two sons have been born: Bedford, a
graduate of the University of California, and Gordon, a graduate
of the Oakland high school.

GEORGE W. HEINTZ.

George W. Heintz, who embarked in the clothing business at
Oakland in 1907, now conducts an exclusive establishment of that
character at Nos. 1217 and 1219 Broadway. He was born in Erie,
Pennsylvania, on the 24th of June, 1876, a son of Martin Heintz.
In 1885 he removed with his parents to Pueblo, Colorado, and there
attended the graded and high schools until seventeen years of age.
Subsequently he spent five years in travel throughout the United
States and in 1898 came to California, here acting as a clothing sales-
man in the service of Brown Brothers of San Francisco until 1907.
In that year he came to Oakland and embarked in the clothing busi-
ness on his own account, occupying the second floor of the First
National Bank building until 1909, when he removed to his present
location at Nos. 12 17 and 12 19 Broadway. He enjoys a gratifying
patronage as an exclusive clothier and has the agency for "Benjamin
Clothes."

On the I ith of October, 191 1, in Oakland, Mr. Heintz was united
in marriage to Miss Georgia Wheeler. He is independent in politics
and is identified fraternally with the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks and the Knights of Pythias.

FRANK M. SMITH.

Among the many brilliant and able men in public life in Cali-
fornia is numbered Frank M. Smith, who left the impress of a virile
and forceful personality and an unusual political ability upon the
legislative history of the state as a member of the thirty-ninth and
fortieth general assemblies. In Oakland where he makes his home
he is found always among the leaders in the promotion of con-

176 HISTORY OF ALA.MIIDA COUNTY

striictive and progressive projects for community advancement, and
he is doing a great deal in the best interests of the city through his
present service as city clerk. Mr. Smith was born in Albion, Men-
docino county, California, in 1868 and is a son of George M. Smith,
who came to this state in 1852. His maternal grandfather was a
pioneer, arriving in California in 1848. and he afterward formed
one of the famous vigilante committees which hanged Corey and
Casey in San Francisco.

Frank M. Smith came to Centerville, Alameda county, when
he was five years of age. and after he grew to maturity entered the
contracting business, following in his father's footsteps. Through-
out his entire business career he has been interested in this line of
work and now controls an important patronage in Oakland. He
is recognized as a farsighted, able and progressive business man
and his integrity, ability and straightforward dealings have gained
for him a high place in business circles.

Mr. Smith is well and favorably known in public life in Cali-
fornia, and has been for many years a powerful individual force in
republican politics. In San Francisco he served four years as state
wharfinger under Governor Pardee, but his most efifective work
in the public service was accomplished during his term in the state
legislature. He was a member of the thirty-ninth and fortieth
general assemblies and during that period was identified with the
passage of a great deal of important legislation, securing many public
improvements for Oakland and promoting the interests of the city
whenever possible. He took a prominent part in the passage of the
bill which gave the city its present improved waterfront and was
identified with the East Oakland bill. He was the author of the
bill providing for free text-books in the grammar schools and dur-
ing the last term of his service was a member of the committee on
education, accomplishing a great deal of farsighted, intelligent and
constructive work in school interests throughout the state. He advo-
cated the raising of the standard of efficiency in the grammar schools
and the general adoption of that standard in countv schools and was
tlic fatlier ol tiie bill permitting local optinn in the matter of kinder-
gartens. He iniroduccii a bill for the improvement of the streets
and sewers of Oakland, and, wherever it was consistent with the
general interests of the state, advanced the claims of his citv in a
powerful and able wav. He was found alwavs progressive and
modern in his views, which lie was able to support bv intelligent
argument, and Ik- liad the adilitional advantage of being a powerful
and elni]ucnt speaker on the lloor n\ tiie house. He made an enviable

HISTORY OF ALAMEIX-V COUNTY 177

record in the state legislature and left behind him a reputation for
political ability and integrity and constant and untiring work in
the public service. Mr. Smith is now serving as city clerk of Oak-
land and in his official and private capacities is a leader in all
movements for municipal advancement, co-operating heartily in
projects of civic improvement. As president of the local Improve-
ment Club he is proving his energy, foresight and business ability,
and he is well entitled to the place which he holds among the leading
and representative citizens of Oakland.

Mr. Smith married Miss Ella R. Trefry, a daughter of J. A.
Trefry, a pioneer in California, who served as deputy under Sheriff
Harry Morse. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have four children: Ruth,
who married George Ellis; Gertrude C, the wife of Herbert Town-
send; Frank W. M., and Zebbie T. Mr. Smith is prominent in the
Masonic fraternity and is past presiding officer of the local lodges
of the Woodmen of the World and the Native Sons of the Golden
West. His career in the public service has been varied in activity,
high in its standards and important in its accomplishments and his
life has brought him public honor, business prominence and that
true success which lies in the respect, esteem and confidence of many
friends.

HENRY Z. JONES.

Henry Z. Jones, a leading representative of real-estate interests
in Oakland, here established himself in business twenty-three years
ago and has enjoyed continued success. He was born in Somerset-
shire, England, on the 4th of March, 1850, and in the acquirement
of an education attended the public schools until sixteen years of
age. Subsequently he was employed as clerk in a dry goods store
of London, England, until twenty-two years old and then emigrated
to the United States, settling in Warren, Ohio, where he acted as
clerk in a general mercantile establishment for two years.

On the expiration of that period Mr. Jones came to California
and located in San Francisco, there clerking in a dry goods store
for a year and a half, while during the next thirteen years he was
successfully engaged in the retail coal business. He then purchased
thirtv-five acres of land in Fruitvale (now Oakland) and took up
his abode here, embarking in the real-estate business. He has sub-
divided, owned and sold the following tracts: Silver Heiirhts in

178 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

San Francisco, fifteen acres; Allendale tract, thirty acres; Galindo
tract, twenty-one acres; Allendale Annex, four acres; Florence-
Jones tract, fifteen acres; Bona Terrace, four acres; Jones Subdivi-
sion Quigley tract, six acres; Jones Addition tract in San Francisco,
ten acres; Westall tract, thirty-five acres; Jessie Jones tract, thirty \
acres; Laurel Grove Park, sixty-nine acres; Florence Jones No. 2,
five acres; Boulevard Villa tract, fifteen acres, and Orange Grove,
twelve acres. Mr. Jones has sold only his own properties and has
disposed of them on the easy payment plan.

In April, 1887, in San Francisco, Mr. Jones was united in mar-
riage to Miss Sarah M. Hillman, by whom he has four children,
namely: Mrs. Abbie A. Biddall, of Oakland; Jessie A., a higli-
school student; Florence A., and Henry Z., Jr., who attend public
school.

Mr. Jones gives his political allegiance to the republican part\
and in religious belief is a Protestant. He enjoys an enviable repu-
tation as a reliable business man, public-spirited citizen and trust-
worthv friend.

A. F. ST. SURE.

A. F. St. Sure, one of the prominent attornevs of Oakland, is a
man to whom success has come as a result of unfaltering determina-
tion, untiring industry, energy and enterprise, for he has worked
liis own way upward to the success which he now enjoys, never hav
ing failed to carry forward to completion any project which he
undertook. His prominence in law and politics has followed closelv
upon a brilliant career as a journalist, and his success along all linc>
has been the result of the qualities in his character which make him
today a leading and representative citizen of Alameda county. He
was born in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, March 9, 1869, and is a son of
Frank A. and Ellen (Donoghue) St. Sure, the former a native n\
Sweden and the latter of County Cork, Ireland. 'Hie father emi-
grated to America when lie was still a child and located in ^^'i^C()nsin
and afterward in Tennessee, engaging in both states as a druggisi
and a miner. He was a veteran of the Ci\il war, iiaving served as ,i
captain in the Confederate army. His father, A. F. St. Sure, alsi
took part in that conflict, but he served in the Union army, be
member of the medical staff under General Sherman.

K'ing a J

HISTORY OF ALAilEDA COUXTY 179

Mr. St. Sure of this review was brought to California by his
parents before he was one year old and when he had reached the
usual age entered the public schools of Oroville, which he left when
he was thirteen in order to take a position in the office of the Oroville
Mercury. He thus began a long period of identification with the
newspaper business, learning printing in all of its branches and ris-
ing from a humble position to that of foreman of the printing shop,
an office to which he was promoted when he was eighteen years of
age. He was afterward made a reporter and finally manager of
the Mercury, with which he remained identified until 1891, when
he came to Alameda. In February of that year he began the pub-
lication of the Alameda Daily News, associating himself with R. H.
Magill, Jr., and attempting the difficult task of conducting an
uncompromising democratic journal in a republican community.
He was afterward city editor of the Alameda Argus and when he
resigned that position went to San Francisco, where he was con-
nected with the Chronicle and the Call, later becoming identified
with the Sacramento Bee. By a natural evolution he became inter-
ested in politics and in 1891 began his public career as secretary of
the Alameda county democratic convention. He was afterward
appointed city recorder to fill out an unexpired term and was then
elected to the position, which he held for four terms of two vears
each.

After taking office he found it necessary to know law and accord-
ingly began the study of this profession, winning his admission to
the bar in 1895. After passing his examination he began the practice
of his profession and before the earthquake of 1906 was connected
with the office of the attorney general in the Call building in San
Francisco. After the fire he established a law practice in Oakland
and there built up a large and representative patronage, his business
growing as his ability and legal knowledge became more widely
known. In 191 1 he was appointed city attorney of Alameda and
served as such for two and one-half years, his excellent record prov-
ing conclusively his political ability, his conscientiousness and energy
in the discharge of his duties. He is one of the well known and
popular men in the Bay cities at the present time, and his prominence
has substantial and worthy causes, based as it is upon a public recog-
nition of the excellent work he lias accomplished along many public
and private lines.

Mr. St. Sure married Miss Ida Laura Pettes, a daughter of Wil-
liam E. and Virginia T. Pettes, the former a native of Pennsylvania
and the latter of Canada. Mr. and Mrs. St. Sure have two chihircn:

180 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

William Pettes, aged thirteen; and Joseph Paul, ten. Mr. St. Sure
is a member of the Alameda County Exposition Commission and is
active and prominent in all movements and projects for the general
welfare. He is an enterprising and progressive citizen who takes a
commendable interest in public afifairs and during the period of his
residence in Alameda has made a host of warm friends.

GEORGE SHELDON McCOMB.

George Sheldon McComb is now at the head of the real-estate
firm of George McComb & Company, of Oakland, California, where
it has secured an extensive clientage, although it has been in exist-
ence for less than a year. Mr. McComb was born in San Francisco
March 9, 1862. His father, John McComb, was born, in New York
in 1828 and was a son of John McComb, a native of Scotland. He
married Elizabeth Milholland, who was born in Columbus, Ohio,
in 1823, a daughter of John and Mary Milholland. Both John
McComb and Elizabeth Milholland were pioneer settlers of Cali-
fornia, the former arriving in 1849 ^^'^ ^^'^^ latter in 1850. Mr.
McComb made the trip from New York by way of the isthmus of
Panama and by steamer to the Pacific coast, while the ladv whom
he afterward married crossed the plains by ox team. For a time
John McComb engaged in mining, but later returned to San Fran-
cisco and took up journalism. Subsequently he became managing
editor of the "Alta California," one of the oldest and most reliable
commercial newspapers on the coast, and was associated with that
paper for over thirty years. He next went to Folsom as warden of
the state prison and was afterward transferred to the San Quentin
prison as warden of that institution, where he remained in charge
for eleven years. He afterward became secretary of the Societv for
the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and after a life of activity
and usefulness passed away in June, 1896, at the age of sixtv-eight
years. His widow lived to the advanced age of eighty-six years.

George S. McComb acquired his education in the public schools
of San Francisco and of Oakland. He was a primary in the Lincoln
school at the corner of Fifth and Market streets in San Francisco,
afterward attended the Washington grammar school of that city
and the Iiigh school of Oakland, but left school before his gradua-
tion to accept a position in San Francisco as correspondent for the
Western Associated Press of Chicago and New York. Having taken

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 181

up the study of law, he was admitted to practice in San Francisco
in 1891, but later accepted a position as court stenographer in the
superior court of the state of California for the years 1891-2. He
was elected clerk of the justices court of the city and county of
San Francisco in 1901 and held that office for eleven years, retiring
on the expiration of that period to enter the real-estate business in
Oakland. He formed a partnership in August, 1913, with Leland
Spencer, and they now conduct business under the firm style of
George McComb & Company, of Oakland. Their business is one
of growing importance and already they have a clientage which is
enviable.

Mr. McComb was married in San Francisco, California, on the
28th of November, 1889, to Miss Josephine Silva, a daughter of
Joseph T. and Alice E. Silva, and they have one child, Alice E.
McComb.

In his political views Mr. McComb is a republican and has
ever kept well informed on the questions and issues of the day. He
holds membership with the Native Sons of the Golden West, having
become a charter member and trustee of Stanford Parlor in 1886.
He is also a member of the Knights of the Maccabees. For years he
was prominent in connection with swimming and other athletic fea-
tures of the Olympic Club of San Francisco, but his attention is
more and more largely concentrated upon his business afifairs which
are of growing importance and volume, making him today one of
the well known real-estate dealers of Oakland.

FRANK C. SULLIVAN.

Among the successful representatives of real-estate interests in
Oakland is numbered Frank C. Sullivan, who has been continuously
engaged in business here for the past seven years. His birth occurred
in Contra Costa county, California, on the 24th of March, 1880.
His father, Patrick Sullivan, came to California in 1849, settling
in Contra Costa county, where he devoted his attention to farming
and cattle raising until the time of his demise m 1882.

Frank C. Sullivan acquired his education in the graded and high
schools of San Pablo, Contra Costa county, and following his gradu-
ation became identified with agricultural pursuits, being actively
engaged in farming until 1906. In that year he disposed of his
interests and came to Oakland, embarking in the real-estate business.

182 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

in which he has continued to the present time with gratifying suc-
cess. He has the agency for Brookward Acres and other properties,
all of which he is handling in a capable and resultant manner.

In Berkeley, California, on the 14th of May, 1906, Mr. Sullivan
was united in marriage to Miss Alice Gallagher, by whom he has
three children : Carmen, Alice and Virginia. He gives his political
allegiance to the republican party and is a devout communicant of
the Catholic church.

WILLIAM HENRY FULCHER.

^^'illiam Henry Fulcher, president of the Fulcher Concrete Block
& Paving Company, is at the head of one of the younger enterprises
of Oakland that promises to become one of the most important pro-
ductive industries of the city. The old saying that necessity is the
mother of invention has found verification through all the ages.
There is no individual in the United States who does not recognize
the fact that forest preservation has become imperative, and that
other things must take the place of lumber as a building material.
An understanding of this need has led William Henry Fulcher, in-
ventor and mechanician, to perfect the Fulcher Concrete Block &
Paving Machine for the manufacture of concrete monolithic build-
ing blocks and cement brick, and today the business is one of grow-
ing importance. Mr. Fulcher was born in San Francisco August
18, 1856, a son of William and Hannah (Dunphie) Fulcher. The
father, born in Manchester, England, in 1825, was educated there
and in 1853 arrived in San Francisco, where he became bookkeeper
for a large wholesale flour mill. Later he mined in Sacramento
county until his death, which occurred in 1872. His wife has also
passed away.

William H. Fulcher attended the public schools of Sacramento
county to the age of fourteen years, after which he engaged in herd-
ing sheep for a year and a iialf. Subsequently he took charge of
a fruit-drying factory, remaining its manager to the age of twenty-
one years. At that time he went to Folsom, California, where he
engaged as blacksmith helper in the Folsom prison. Soon afterward
he had charge of men in the contract to put up all doors in the prison,
which work was successfully executed. When about twentv-five
years of age his interest in all phases of mechanics led him to take up
mechanical drawing at Sacramento and to continue his work in Oak-

WIl.I.I.Wl II. ITLC'HKR

HISTORY OF ALA^fKDA COUNTY 185

land, where he completed the course. In 1880 he went to Tucson,
Arizona, where he entered the employ of the Southern Pacific Rail-
road Company as brakeman. He afterward became conductor, but
resigned his position in 1886 and returned to California, settling at
Lodi, where he became inspector of locomotives for the San Joaquin
& Sierra Nevada Railroad Company, which has since been merged
into the Southern Pacific. He filled that position for seven years,
or until 1893, when he opened a hotel in Woodbridge, but the fol-
lowing year sold out and organized a company for the manufacture
of pottery at Stockton, California, where he continued until 1895.
He built there the Stockton Terra Cotta Works, thus establishing
the first plant making glazed pottery on the Pacific coast. Selling
out, he came to Oakland and engaged as bridge tender for the South-
ern Pacific Railroad until 1900, when he incorporated the National
Ditching & Dredging Company, selling stock in an excavating ma-
chine which he had invented. In 1904 he invented and exhibited
a pulverizing machine, upon which he received a gold medal at the
St. Louis World's Fair, and also a personal gold medal for his abil-
ity. In 1906 he disposed of his interest in the ditching companv and
invented a mining machine \yhich he sold.

He then turned his attention to the perfecting of a machine ro
manufacture concrete blocks and on the 22d of March, 19 13, he
organized the Fulcher Concrete Block & Paving Company under
the laws of the state of Arizona. He complied with the law of Cali-
fornia April 24, 1913, being authorized to do general contracting
and manufacturing in all of its branches. He is now president and
mechanical engineer of the company, with Dr. C. F. Allardt as vice
president and D. G. Donahue as secretary, treasurer and attorney.
Thoroughly understanding the fact that some other building mate-
rial must supplant lumber, and also the fact that natural stone is
too costly for the majority of builders, he set to work to study the
prices of concrete manufacture and became impressed with the pos-
sibilities in that line. He determined to find a way to manufacture
concrete blocks and bricks very cheaply, and invented an automatic
rotary press in such form that it not only turns out the finished prod-
uct, but also produces it in such large quantities automatically as to
render its cost non-competitive.

The machine which developed from the inventive genius of Mr.
l-\ilclicr will produce over thirty-six thousand standard sized bricks
per day of eight hours, and by changing the molds in the machine
will produce over seventy-two thousand building blocks of mono-
lithic design, which have also been standardi-zed to meet the univer-

186 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

sal requirements of the trade. These blocks can be laid on any curve
or angle, the whole structure being laced and anchored together,
forming a compact, air-tight wall, proof against fire, water and
earthquake. Their system of interlocking the corners of the blocks
not only insures the solidarity of the walls, but also largely does away
with the need of reinforcing material and lessens the cost of concrete
construction. The provision made for anchoring the ceiling and
floor joists in the walls is another factor in securing rigidity of struc-
ture. The adamant coat of plaster is applied directly on the blocks
without the use of lathes and without the preliminary coating of
rough plaster. This is a point worthy of notice, as it means consider-
able saving in the building of a residence; moreover, the blocks
themselves form a beautiful exterior finish which does away with
the expense of painting. The company also manufacture a splendid
imitation and substitute for Spanish tiling and tiling for bathrooms,
kitchens, etc. They have also perfected plans whereby they can
imitate in colored brick the Persian rugs, with the beautiful color-
ings of the orient harmoniously blended. All their bricks are per-
fect and they can be made in any shape and size desired. They are
likewise able to reproduce all forms of natural stone in colors, glazed
and otherwise. It is their contention that they are in a position to
produce at least fifty per cent of the material that goes into the con-
struction of a building at a saving of at least thirty per cent of the
gross cost of construction. In addition to the cement blocks being
used for the most handsome residences and public buildings, they
can be utilized for paving, for rififraffing for river banks, for rail-
road bridges, viaducts, dams, tunnels, piers, sewers and many other
purposes, and can be manufactured at about half the cost of brick
making. As a paving material the blocks leave little if anything to
be desired, as they are cheaper than any other paving and last for
many years. Already the blocks arc coming into popular favor and
the sale of the machine for manufacturing the same is constantly
increasing. One fact notable is that the building blocks and brick
made by the means of Mr. Fulcher's invention remain in perfect
alignment after being laid for an indefinite period of time and can
easily be removed for repairs. They also offer unusual resistance to
the wear and tear of the elements and withstand enormous strain, as
they are manufactured under great pressure and have a cohesiveness
almost equal to that of the original rock.

In addition to his other interests, Mr. Fulcher is president of the
Teddy Jam Pulverizer Machine Company, in which the rock is
crushed to a sand. This will produce a material superior to anv

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 187

other kind, for seaside sand rounded by the waves does not hold,
while the crushed rock, having a rough edge, does, sustaining fifty
tons' pressure, and this quality of the sand made from crushed rock
insures the solidarity of the building materials made therefrom.
The sand is pure, all vegetable matter being removed. Twenty mil-
lion dollars is now invested in the manufacture of concrete blocks
in the United States and no competition exists in this line except in
the hydraulic press. What Mr. Fulcher has accomplished along
business lines places him with the foremost representatives of indus-
trial and commercial activity upon the Pacific coast, and his efforts
are of untold value, not only as a source of individual success, but as
a feature in the prosperity of the district.

Mr. Fulcher was united in marriage, in Lodi, to Mi?s Mary
McGill, a native of California, and unto them were born four
children: Ruth, who is now deceased; William H., acting as
surveyor in Alameda county; Jeannette, who is head stenographer
with a lumber company, which position she has occupied for four
years; and Marguerite, who is attending the Fremont high school.

In politics Mr. Fulcher is a republican of the progressive type.
His study of political conditions has led him to take this advanced
step, and he keeps well informed on the questions and issues of the
day, yet does not seek nor desire public office, preferring to concen-
trate his energies upon his business interests, which are of growing
importance.

FRED L. BUTTON.

The bar of California numbers among its most progressive, able
and successful representatives Fred L. Button, of Oakland, who is
not only in control of a large and lucrative private practice but has
also rendered valuable public service along professional lines. He
was born in Pontiac, Michigan, in March, 1856, and came to Cali-
fornia with his parents in 1863. The family settled in Oakland
and Mr. Button acquired his early education in the public schools
of this city. He was afterward for a time employed in the office
of the Daily Transcript, learning the printer's trade, and he also
attended Brayton College. He later entered the State University,
from which he was graduated with high honors in 1876, receiving
the university gold medal for excellence in scholarship and also a
prize for the most meritorious scientific essay. Having at that time
served one year as assistant instructor in matliematics under appoint-

188 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUXTY

ment by the regents, he continued in that positi(jn during the suc-
ceeding year.

Mr. Button studied hiw in the office of Vrooman & Davis and
in 1879 was admitted to the bar of the supreme court of California,
after which he remained with Vrooman & Davis until 1881 and then
established an office in Oakland, where his ability has brought him a
large and representative clientage. Mr. Button stands in the front
ranks of the legal fraternity in this part of the state and his profes-
sional opinions are considered authoritative. In 1888 he rendered
the city valuable service as secretary of the Board of Freeholders,
who drafted the charter of the city of Oakland, and he later three
times codified the city ordinances for publication. He is also the
autlior of the second edition of "Harlow on Sheriffs," a standard
law text-book. Mr. Button has a comprehensive and exact knowl-
edge of the law and is a strong and forceful practitioner, possessed
of the insight, coolness and resourcefulness necessary to success in
this field.

On November 5, 1899, he was appointed by the board of educa-
tion as school director for the second ward, an office to which he
was afterward elected and filled for one term with credit and ability.
His attention is given largely to a general office and probate practice,
and in a field where success is largely the result of individual merit
and ability, has made rapid and steady advancement, standing today
in the front ranks of progressive and successful attorneys. He gives
his political allegiance to the progressive republican partv.

A. L. WAGNER.

A. L. Wagner is engaged in business in Oakland as the senior
member of the real-estate firm of Wagner & Pugh, dealing in citv
and country property. His birth occurred in Detroit, Michigan, in
June, 1868, and in the acquirement of an education he attended the
public schools of Detroit and Saginaw, Michigan, until sixteen years
of age. He then secured a position as salesman with a hardware
house and subsequently went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he
acted as salesman for the Dodson, Fisher & Brockman Hardware
Company. Mr. Wagner next went to Boston, Massachusetts, and
was there employed as salesman by the Campbell, Bosworth Ma-
chinery Company until January, 1906, when he came to San
Francisco to take charge of their Pacific coast business. In March,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 189

191 1, he resigned that position to embark in the real-estate specu-
lating business in Ventura county, California, there remaining until
January, 1913, when he came to Oakland and here entered a similar
field of endeavor. In the ist of October, 1913, he formed a partner-
ship with Mr. Pugh, under the firm style of Wagner & Pugh, and
is now engaged in dealing in city and country property. Their
undertakings, though so recently begun, have already been attended
with results which augur well for the future.

In Ventura, California, on the i8th of March, 191 1, Mr. \A'ag-
ner was united in marriage to Miss Elvira Solari. His political
allegiance is given to the republican party, while fraternally he is
identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.

MARTIN KATICH.

Martin Katich, a resident of Oakland for more than a quarter
of a century, has for the past eight years been successfullv engaged
in business as sole proprietor of the Avenue Cafe, a high-class restau-
rant located at the corner of Sixteenth street and San Pablo avenue.
A native of Dalmatia, Austria, Martin Katich, however, came with
an uncle to California when he was but thirteen years of age, in
1887. Thus his early schooling was obtained in Oakland, where he
remained with relatives when his uncle, a retired sea captain,
returned to Austria. After graduating from the grammar grades,
Martin Katich entered the Oakland high school, then situated on
Market street. It was destroyed by fire before he had completed
his course and he did not return to school, preferring to work instead.
In 1890 he entered into business on his own account with a partner
in the conduct of a restaurant on Seventh street. That street was
then a busy location and the business prospered. Mr. Katich was,
however, possessed with an unusual amount of ambition which
always induced him to strive for better things, so in 1906 he dis-
solved partnership and removed to San Pablo avenue, there to
embark on a business alone. After the disaster of that year he
removed to his present location and from a somewhat modest begin-
ning has developed his enterprise to admirable proportions, so that
now the Avenue Cafe is second to none in the city in excellence of
appointments and cuisine.

Meantime Mr. Katich made a journey back to his old home in
Dalmatia to visit his parents and there, in 1899, 'ic married Miss

190 HISTORY OF AI.A.MEDA COUNTY

Annie Urlovich. Two years thereafter the young couple spent in
their native land, where a daughter, Annie, was born to them. Then
Mr. Katich brought his wife and their little daughter to California,
but Mrs. Katich died two years later. Martin, Jr., the only son of
the couple, was then but three months of age. Later Mr. Katich
and the sister of his late wife were united in marriage and by this
union there is a daughter. Lucille, named for her mother.

Throughout his career Mr. Katich has been successful in his
business enterprises and has gained an enviable reputation for fair
dealing and uprightness among all with whom he has come in con-
tact. Never afraid to venture, he has met with success, and, though
his career has not been without its vicissitudes, he has now reached a
position of undoubted security.

Prominent in commercial and civic affairs, he is a member of
the Commercial Club, Chamber of Commerce and Merchants
Exchange of Oakland. In fraternal circles he is also active and is
a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Loyal Order of Moose,
Royal Arch and the United Slavonian Society. Politically he is a
progressive. He owns a handsome home at Twentieth and Webster
streets and socially both Mr. and Mrs. Katich are popular and noted
for their hospitality.

H. A. AL^KINSON, M. D.

Dr. H. A. Makinson is a prominent and successful representa-
tive of the medical fraternitv in Oakland and enjoys an enviable
reputation among his professional brethren here. He was born in
Ohio in 1873 and acquired his early education in the graded and
high schools, while subsequently he pursued a course in Latin and
English at the Salina Normal University of Salina, Kansas, gradu-
ating from that institution in 1897. -^^ ^^^'^ followed the profession
of teaching at Smith Center, Kansas, for a period of four years.
Having determined upon the practice of medicine as a life work, he
entered the College of Medicine of the LTniversity of Minnesota and
in 1903 won his degree. He came to California the same year and
for two years practiced his profession in Sonoma county, while in
1905 he opened an office in Oakland, Alameda county. For a period
of five years he taught hygiene and public health in the College of
Physicians and Surgeons at San Francisco. He is now engaged in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 1!)1

the general practice of his profession at Oakland and is accorded
an extensive and lucrative patronage in recognition of his skill and
ability in the line of his chosen vocation.

As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Dr. Makin-
son chose Miss Grace M. Cassidy. His fraternal relations are with
the \A^oodmen of the World, the Knights of Pythias and the Masons,
and he acts as examining physician for the local lodges of these
organizations. He is well known throughout the city and has won
an enviable reputation in both professional and social circles.

CHARLES W. SHAW

Charles W. Shaw is secretary of the Alameda County Milk
Dealers Association, a business organization which has been of im-
mense value to the county in many ways, improving sanitary condi-
tions and promptness in the delivery of milk and securing reduction
in prices.

Mr. Shaw is a native of New Gloucester, Cumberland county,
Maine. His youthful days were passed in the Pine Tree state, and
in the acquirement of his education he passed through various grades
to the high school, from which he was graduated at the age of seven-
teen years. He then took a practical course in cotton manufacturing
and when nineteen years of age was given charge of a department
with one hundred and fifty men under his supervision. He con-
tinued in that position of responsibility until he reached the age of
twenty-five, after which he traveled through the southern states with
a gang of men, installing machinery in cotton mills for two years.
He then returned to Lewiston, Maine, where he continued for a
year, after wiiich he came to Oakland and engaged with the Hook
Brothers Furniture House as salesman for eight years. Since that
time he has conducted a dairy business which is one of the extensive
and important enterprises of the kind in the city. In 1908 he became
secretary of the Alameda County Milk Dealers Association, which
was organized about 1Q03 for the purpose of bettering milk condi-
tions in Alameda, Oakland and Berkeley, some of the objects of
the association being to prevctit an advance in prices, the improve-
ment of the quality of milk and tlic methods of its handling. This
association now handles about ninety-five per cent of the milk sold
in tlie three cities, and the fact tliat it controls this product is a guar-
antee tliat the milk is handled in a sanitarv manner.

192 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Shaw is president of the Business League of Alameda county
and is regarded as one of the most enterprising citizens of the county,
looking at all times to the betterment of trade conditions and the
substantial growth of his part of the state. In politics he is not
guided by partv rule but votes independently. His religious belief
is that of the Spiritual Society. Fraternally he is connected with
the Moose, and he is secretary of the Oakland Stadium Club. The
width of the continent separates him from his birthplace. Attracted
by the opportunities of the west, he has here advanced and is now
numbered among the successful men of Oakland as the result of his
enterprise, keen discernment and unabating industry.

L. N. COBBLEDICK.

Many, indeed, were the warm friends of L. N. Cobbledick. An
analyzation of his life work shows that the high regard in which he
was held was the logical sequence of a life of activity, integrity and
honor. He possessed in large measure a sense of that growing com-
munity spirit which is manifest throughout the country and which
is but a keener, stronger recognition of the brotherhood of man and
the obligations of the individual to his community.

A native of California, Mr. Cobbledick was born in- Oakland,
February 15, 1867, his parents being James and Isabelle (Newsom)
Cobbledick, the father a native of England and the latter of To-
ronto, Ontario. James Cobbledick came to San Francisco about
1849 by way of Cape Horn and was one of the pioneer residents of
East Oakland, settling there at a time when there were but two
houses within a radius of several miles. He engaged in the whole-
sale hardwood business and was also a builder of fancv carriages
and stage coaches. In addition he operated or was interested in
many of the pioneer stage lines in and around the Bay cities, at a
period which long antedated the construction of railroads. In pol-
itics he was a strong republican, and was a factor among the polit-
ical leaders of the embryo town. Fraternally a Mason, he became
a charter member of Brooklyn Lodge, and in his life exemplified
the principles and beneficent spirit of the craft. He was also a
charter member of the Mountain View Cemetery Association. His
religious faith was evidenced in his membership in the Seventh
Avenue Methodist church, in the work of which he took a very
active and prominent part, as did his wife, who was a recognized

L. Jv'. COBBLKDiaC

HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY 195

leader not only in church circles but also in the social life of the
community. They were the parents of eleven children. The death
of James Cobbledick occurred in 1904, when he had reached the
age of seventy-six years, while his wife survived him until August,
1912.

L. N. Cobbledick, having attended the Franklin grammar
school, continued his education in the Oakland high school, and
with his entrance into business circles became connected with the
Whittier-Fuller Company, with whom he remained until twenty-
three years of age as a most trusted employe. On the ist of March,
1890, after nine years' experience in the paint and glass business, he
embarked in business on his own account, opening his first store at
No. 358 Twelfth street, Oakland. In this general business of paints,
oils, glass, wall paper, etc., he continued until 1906, in which year
he closed out all departments save the glass. He then enlarged his
activities in that line and after that confined his attention solely to
handling glass and mirrors. The business is now conducted under
the name of the Cobbledick-Kibbe Glass Company and is one of
the leading concerns of its kind in Oakland, while the mirror silver-
ing plant is one of the largest on the coast. The company also has
a department given to the exclusive manufacture of leaded art glass
and the trade along this line is also extensive and gratifying. Mr.
Cobbledick was president of the company, which until his death
was known as the L. N. Cobbledick Glass Company. His keen busi-
ness discernment and unfaltering energy proved the salient features
in the attainment of substantial success, and his plans and methods
constituted the foundation upon which later prosperity has been
buildcd.

In his political views Mr. Cobbledick was a republican and
from early manhood took an active part in politics and in civic
affairs. He was an officer in the Clinton Improvement Club, which
organization did much toward improving and modernizing East
Oakland. The vast amount of efifective work which he did in that
connection attracted the attention of Mayor Mott and the people of
his community, and he was induced to become a candidate for the
city council in ward 7. He won by a large majority and served
throughout the life of Oakland's last city council. When the new
form of government was established he was appointed a member of
the civil service board for a term of two years. At the close of that
period, in July, 19 13, he was reappointed for a term of six years.
Throughout the period of his active connection with civic afifairs he
maintained a remarkably helpful attitude toward movements for

196 HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY

the public benefit, and the drastic measures which he introduced and
carried forward will ever be remembered. Very soon after his elec-
tion to the council and even before this time he labored incessantly
and untiringly to have the marsh between Eighth street and Lake
Merritt filled in. He also labored just as earnestly for the abolish-
ment of the old wooden bridge on Eighth street and the reopening
of that street as a thoroughfare. Although he was strongly opposed
in manv measures, his work was ultimately successful and its value
has been proven by time. He was one of the prime movers in for-
warding the plan of building the immense auditorium on that newly
built site to fill the long-felt want of Oakland for such a building.

This by no means comprised the e.\tent of the activities of Mr.
Cobbledick in behalf of all that pertained to the welfare, progress,
upbuilding and improvement of his city and state. He conceived
the idea and secured the passage of laws doing away with slot
machines and with closed boxes in saloons and cafes. He was also
interested in the measure providing .for a board of censorship for
all films to be shown in the moving picture houses. One of his
hardest fights was forcing the equipment of proper fenders on street
cars. He was ever constantly on the alert for ways in which the
public might be benefited and municipal progress advanced. He
readily recognized a public need and sought at once to meet the need
by the adoption of such measures or actions as would accomplish the
purpose. Never tiring in his efforts to advance the public welfare,
Mr. Cobbledick again and again gave his services where the inter-
ests of the community were at stake. He was one of the committee
selected to investigate the rates of the Peoples Water Company and
report upon the same. On the expiration of the franchise of the
Southern Pacific Railwav for their right of way on Seventh street
he was the leader of the opposition, taking the stand that it should
not be renewed for fifty years and almost without compensation, but
that sucli a lease should not be given for more than twenty-five years.
He \\as successful in this to cjuite a degree, for finally the concession
was made for tliirtv-fi\e vears, and the companv also pavs the citv
a handsome rental, as well as keeping the street in good repair and
the maintenance of the lighting system along that thoroughfare.
While a member of tiie city council Mr. Cobbledick represented
iiis ward in most admiraiile and commendable manner, and although
it w as the largest ward in tlie citv, he overlooked no point that would
help to improve or beautify it. One phase of his work not to be
forgotten was iiis successful efifort in securing the building of Hop-
kins boulevard from Lake Merritt to Foothill boulevard, which

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 197

lurnishes Oakland with a perfect thonjughfare from the heart of
the city into the beautiful valleys that lie to the southward of the
Bay cities.

Another notable line of Mr. Cobbledick's activity arose from
his great interest in poultry. For many years he kept a prize flock
of Barred Plymouth Rocks and other pure bred fowl. He was an
exhibitor at the Bufifalo and St. Louis expositions and many shows
of less fame, and on all occasions carried awav the highest prizes
awarded to poultry. He was also to have been an exhibitor and
official of the poultry division at the Panama-Pacific exposition, but
death frustrated this plan.

On the 20th of February, 1890, Mr. Cobbledick was married to
Miss Florence White, a daughter of Wilson and Elizabeth (Raw-
lings) White, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Ho-
bart, Tasmania. Mr. White went from his native country to Aus-
tralia as a young man and there, following sheep-raising and mining,
ac(]uired a large fortune. He owned a large estate and palatial
home, known as Eurella, at Launceston, Tasmania. Thirty-five
years ago he went to San Francisco, and not long afterward came
to Oakland, where he established the California Jute Mill Com-
pany, which enterprise he successfully conducted for many years,
becoming known throughout the coast region as the "Bag King."
He died about 1889 and his wife passed away in 1904. Mr. and
Mrs. Cobbledick had two sons. Lloyd N. was graduated from the
Oakland high school with the class of January, 1914. He was pres-
ident of the student body of the high school and is now a director
in the Cobbledick-Kibbe Glass Company. The younger son, Wilson
R., is in the branch office of the glass cornpany which is maintained
in San Francisco.

The military record of L. N. Cobbledick was a long one for a
man of his years and notable in that during his fifteen years of mem-
bership in the California National Guard he won many medals for
United States army shooting. He was the organizer and captain of
the Boys' Brigade of the Eighth Avenue Methodist Episcopal
church and also established the Cadet Corps of the First Congre-
gational church, of which he was captain for many years. He was
a member of the First Congregational church and of its Men's
League. His death occurred February 18, 1914, after a serious
operation. He was confined by this for about six weeks and it was
believed that he would recover, so that the news of his demise came
as a great shock to his many friends and business associates. The
luneral was held in the Scottish Rite Cathedral, under the auspices

198 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

of the Scottish Rite bodies. The pallbearers included Mayor Mott
and others of his lifelong friends. Mr. Cobbledick belonged to Rose
Croi.x and Brooklyn Lodges, F. & A. M., to the branches of the Scot-
tisii Rite and to Aahmes Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He was a
past president of Oakland Parlor of the Native Sons of the Golden
West and belonged to the Woodmen of the World and the Oakland
Commercial Club. The nature, breadth and variety of his interests
showed him to be one of the most forceful and valued citizens of
Oakland. I'hrough his important business interests he contributed
to its material development and, prompted by his patriotic spirit,
he largely promoted the public welfare. His record is that of a
man faultless in honor, fearless in conduct and stainless in repu-
tation.

MAY H. SAMPSON, M. D.

Dr. May H. Sampson, since 1907 in active and successful practice
of medicine in Berkeley, is a native Californian, born in Mendocino
county. Her father, Eugene Sampson, was born in Maine and fol-
lowed a seafaring life for many years, coming in tiic bark Olive Jane
around the Horn to California in pioneer times. The mother was
also a native of Maine and a pioneer in California, having crossed
the Isthmus and come to this state at a very earlv date.

Dr. Sampson was reared in Mendocino countv and acquired her
preliminary education in the public schools. She afterwards en-
gaged in teaching there until 1895 ^^Iien she came to Berkelev, where
she followed the same occupation in the schools of this citv. Later
she took up the study of medicine, a profession which had alwavs
attracted her, entering Cooper Medical College, from which she
was graduated, M. D. in 19(^-6. In order to supplement her knowl-
edge by practical experience she served one year as interne in the
Children's Hospital in San Francisco, and then began the active
practice ol her profession, coming to Berkeley, where she has since
resided. In recognition of her knowledge of medicine and her skill
and ability in the application of it she has been accorded a liberal
and representative patronage and has gained a high place among
the leading physicians in the city where she makes her home. She
keeps in touch with the most advanced professional thought through
her membership in the state and county medical societies and has
remained always a close and earnest student of the medical science,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 199

the results of this study being evident in the excellent work she has
done along medical lines. Dr. Sampson is a member of the Friends'
Church and is well known in Berkeley, where her many sterling
qualities of mind and character have won her an extensive circle
of friends.

AUGUSTUS M. CHURCH.

Alameda county lost one of its public-spirited and progressive
citizens and successful and prominent business men and California
one of its pioneer settlers when Augustus M. Church died at his
home in Oakland, September i, 1889. He was a conspicuous figure
in the earlv development of the state and was for many years asso-
ciated with the interests of the bay country, his activities extending
to many fields and touching closely business, political and social
progress.

Mr. Church was born in Allen's Hill, Ontario county, New York,
June 19, 1816, and was a son of Lovett and Sally (Boyd) Church.
He spent the first fifteen years of his life in Richmond, New York,
and then began his business career, finding employment in a hard-
ware store in Canandaigua. He held this position for about one
year and then entered the postoffice as clerk. He afterward became
postmaster in Lockport. Niagara county, New York, and he dis-
charged the duties of that position until 1834, when he became
identified with the banking business through his connection with the
bank conducted by L. A. Spaulding. After two years in this capacity
he became clerk in the canal collector's office of Judge McKane and
in the winter of 1837-38 went to Chicago, where he sold out a stock
of goods for the Bank of Washtenaw, Ann Arbor, Michigan. When
this work was accomplished he went to Ottawa, Illinois, and there
became interested in the construction of the Illinois & Michigan
canal and also in the general mercantile business. In the same year
he removed to Berrien county, Michigan, and in the following
autumn to Bcllevue, Iowa, where he embarked in a mercantile enter-
prise, in which he met with gratifying success, becoming one of the
most prominent business men of the community. From Bellevue
Mr. Church removed to Whitmanville, in Cass county, and con-
ducted a hotel there until 1842, when he moved to St. Joseph, Mich-
igan, and managed a hotel for a number of years, during which
time he also engaged in trading. In 1841; he removed to St. Marv's

I
I

200 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

Rapids, where for eighteen months he conducted a hotel, after which |
he returned to St. Joseph, Michigan, resuming his former business, i

In the year 1849, attracted by the reports of the wonderful gold i
discoveries on the Pacific coast and of the quick fortunes to be made |
in the mines, Mr. Church joined a number of companions and j
equipped an outfit for the journey across the plains. On the 13th of I
August, 1849, the party arrived at Bear river and there called a halt I
for a brief rest, after which they proceeded to the mines on the Yuba j
river and Deer creek. In October Mr. Church and his comrades j
removed to the north fork of the Yuba and mined for a time at Good- |
year and Michigan bars. During this month three of the party pro- '
ceeded to the point where the town of Downieville, Sierra countx .
now stands. There in an incredibly short time they took out five
hundred dollars worth of gold and with elated spirits returned u>
their companions on Goodyear's bar, having decided to locate there ;
for the winter. Thev were prevented from doing any more work I
at their mine by the rain and snow which set in and accordingly :
returned to Sacramento to pass the rainy season. In the spring they ■
returned to the location only to find that every vestige of gold was gone |
and there were no prospects either for the present or the future. Mr. I
Church then decided to return home and after disposing of all his 1
effects found himself with eighteen hundred dollars more than when 1
he first came to California. This, however, was later stolen from
him, and eventually he returned to Michigan no better off than wlien ;
he left the state.

After his return Mr. Church remained at home until the spring
of 1851, when in company with Socrates Huff of San Leandro, with '
whom he had made the first trip, he again came to California. In •
the following winter with others he hunted in the hills back of j
Mission San Jose and from this expedition each of the party cleared |
three hundred dollars. In the following spring Mr. Church located I
a trading point at New Haven, now Alvarado, in partnership with ,
Henry C. Smith, and while a resident of this locality was elected to
membership on the board of supervisors, serving in 1852 and 1853,
when Washington township was a portion of Santa Clara county, j
It was during Mr. Church's residence in New Haven that Alameda '
county was created out of portions of the counties of Contra Costa :
and Santa Clara, and he was elected the first county clerk and j
recorder of the new county. He was connected with these otfices
as chief and as deputy for nine years, and his able service was fol- 1
lowed in 1867 by his election to the state legislature as representative
from .Alameda county. He served with tiie late John W. Dwindle

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 201

and during the period of his activity as a member of the assembly
gave his influence ahvavs to measures of reform and advancement.
In 1870 he again turned his attention to business, establishing a
mercantile enterprise at Healdsburg, which he then believed would
be the terminus of the San Francisco & North Pacific Railroad.
However, upon the granting of the franchise for the continuation
of the line to Cloverdale, the commercial prospects of Healdsburg
were shattered, and Mr. Church returned to his ranch in Murray
township, where he succeeded his former partner, Henry C. Smith,
as justice of the peace, holding that office for four years at Liver-
more. Mr. Church sold his estate in 1877 and took up his residence
in the city of Oakland, where in the following year he was elected
justice of the peace for Oakland township, an office in which he
served with marked abilitv as he did in all others which he was
called upon to fill.

In Berrien county, Michigan, in 1838, Mr. Church was united
in marriage to Miss Ellen Cronkhite, a native of New York. Mr.
and Mrs. Church became the parents of the following children:
Helen White, deceased; Sarah, now Mrs. Gill, of Santa Barbara;
William H., residing in Oakland; Rod W., of Piedmont, Alameda
county, and Lincoln S., of Oakland. Mr. Church was well known
in the Masonic fraternity and belonged also to the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Society of California Pioneers. He
died in Oakland, September i, 1889, and was sincerely mourned
by a wide circle of friends. His life was characterized by unfalter-
ing loyalty in all of its important relations, and his honorable stand-
ards, his stanch honesty and his singleness of purpose, influenced
the history of California in many of its most important chapters.

WILLIAM R. GEARY.

William R. Geary, now filling the ofiice of justice of the peace
of Brooklyn township, is well known in business connections and
has his office at No. 607 East Twelfth street, Oakland, where, as
president, he controls the interests of the Alameda, Venice & Swim-
ming Baths Company. He was born in Oakland, September 25,
1876, a son of Maurice and Luella (Yates) Geary. The father
came to Oakland in 1875 and engaged in the teaming business to
the time of his death, which occurred fourteen years later, in 1889.
The son, reared in his native city, attended the public schools until

202 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

fifteen years of age, after which he pursued a course in a business
college at night. The day was devoted to work in a drug store until
1896, when he became collector and bookkeeper for the Hogan
Lumber Company and so continued until 1902, when he resigned to
become justice of the peace of Brooklyn township. He is now dis-
charging the duties of that position in a fair and impartial manner,
his course winning him high commendation. His business interests
too are of growing importance. He was one of the organizers of
the Alameda, Venice & Swimming Baths Company, of which he
has been the president since the 23d of October, 1913. In business
affairs he displays an initiative spirit, and his progressiveness is
winning him growing success.

In Oakland Mr. Geary was united in marriage to Miss Adelaide
S. Derby, the wedding being celebrated April 28, 1896. To them
were born five children: Edwin W. and Henry T., aged respect-
ively fifteen and thirteen years, now students in a parochial school;
Mildred E., eleven years of age, attending the College of the Holy
Names; George T., six years of age, and William R., Jr., a year
old. The religious faith of the family is that of the Catholic church,
and Mr. Geary belongs to the Knights of Columbus, the Fraternal
Order of Eagles and the Woodmen of the World. He is also con-
nected with the Commercial Club and is in hearty sympathy with
its purposes for the business development and substantial upbuild-
ing of the city. In politics he is now a progressive and stands at all
times for advancement in every relation of life.

GEORGE W. REED.

George W. Reed, one of the successful and prominent attornc}^
of Oakland and well known in professional circles as the senior
member of the firm of Reed, Black, Nusbaumer & Bingaman, wa>
born in Vassalboro, Maine, June 14, 1852. When he was four year^;
of age he was brought to the Pacific coast by his parents and up tn
the age of twelve attended the public schools of Oakland. Later he
was a student in the Brayton school and afterward enrolled in the
University of California, being graduated from that institution in
1872, at the age of twenty. Following this he began the study m
law and at the end of one year received the appointment of depui\
county clerk under iiis brother, Charles G. Reed, a position which
he iicld for four vears. He resumed his law studies at the end of

'^(&^^^rtUTr-/&^^.p^^

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 205

that time and in December, 1879, was admitted to the bar of
California.

In 1880 he entered the office of A. A. Moore as law clerk and
held this position three years, after which he was admitted to partner-
ship, the firm name being Moore & Reed. This became one of the
important law firms of the city, the partners building up an extensive
and profitable clientage. Their association was dissolved when Mr.
Reed was elected to the office of district attorney in November, 1888.
At the close of his first term he was reelected, serving in all four
years and leaving the office with a record of unusually efficient and
conscientious service. Subsequently Mr. Reed formed a partnership
with ]\Ir. Nusbaumer and the firm of Reed & Nusbaumer existed
eleven years. The present firm is Reed, Black, Nusbaumer & Bing-
aman, the other members being P. C. Black, E. Nusbaumer and
J. W. Bingaman. This firm is connected through a large and con-
stantly increasing patronage with some of the most important cases
heard in the courts of California, and its strength and prominence are
growing year by year. Mr. Reed has in the course of a long pro-
fessional career attained a high place at the bar of California and
is numbered today among its foremost representatives.

Mr. Reed became the father of three children: Mabel Linden;
Clarence Munroe; and Russell Albert, who died at the age of twenty-
one years. Mr. Reed gives his political allegiance to the republican
party, and since he attained his majority has always lent his aid to
the advancement of that party's principles. He takes a strong
interest in public affairs and has held various important positions
of trust and responsibility, serving in 1900 as a delegate to the national
convention at Philadelphia which nominated William McKinley for
president, and in 1904, in the same capacity, to the national conven-
tion at Chicago which nominated Theodore Roosevelt. He was
again a delegate to the national convention in Chicago in 1908 which
nominated William H. Taft and in 1907 and 1908 served as chair-
man of the republican county central committee. He was a strong
supporter of Victor H. Metcalf when Mr. Metcalf ran for congress
and was a member of his congressional committee. For several years
he was chairman of the congressional committee of Joseph R.
Knowland, who was a member of congress from the third district.

In educational matters Mr. Reed is also active, now serving as
trustee for the Cogswell Polytechnical College of San Francisco, and
he was a director of the California School for the Deaf and Blind at
Berkeley for about ten years. Fraternally he belongs to the Masonic
organization, being a member of Sequoia Lodge, F. & A. M., and is

206 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

past exalted ruler of Oakland Lodge, No. 107, B. P. O. E. In the
latter organization he acted as chairman of the building committee,
which succeeded in the face of many obstacles in building the Elks
Hall in Oakland. He belongs also to University Lodge, No. 144,
L O. O. F., and socially is affiliated with the State of Maine Associa-
tion and the Commercial Club. He is a man of varied interests, all
of which he has succeeded in making forces in progress, so that he
stands today among the men of Oakland whose activities have
influenced political, social and professional advancement.

H. L. WOOD.

H. L. Wood is president of the East Bay Home Builders, Incor-
porated, and as such is contributing much to the substantial develop-
ment and improvement of Oakland. He was born in Evansville,
Indiana, January 25, 1877, ^"^^ '* a son of H. B. and C. M. Wood.
In the acquirement of his education he passed through consecutive
grades in the public schools until graduated from the high school
of his native city with the class of 1896. He then went to Chicago,
where he entered the wholesale dry-goods house of Carson, Pirie,
Scott & Company, whom he represented as a salesman for three
years. He then returned to Evansville, where he opened a retail
grocery store, which he conducted until 1904. He then sold out
and came to Oakland, where he purchased the business of the Sunset
Cream & Butter Company in San Francisco. He remained there in
active business until 1906, when he lost everything that he had in
the fire.

Following that disaster Mr. Wood went to Vera Cruz, Mexico,
where he purchased a ranch and thereon conducted a general mer-
chandise store. At length oil was discovered upon his land and the
sale thereof made him immensely wealthy, but when the revolution
of 1 9 10 broke out he had to leave that country. He was shot eight
times while trying to get away from Mexico. Disposing of his oil
interests to the Southern Pacific Railroad, he returned to Oakland,
where he has since been engaged in the building business, and he
has erected thirty homes which he has sold on the installment plan.
On the 6th of December, 191 3, he organized the East Bay Home
Builders, Incorporated, of which company he is the president. One
hundred business men of Oakland arc interested in this company,
wliich iias been cstablisiu-ii upon .1 most substantial basis. Among

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 207

them are some who represent every commodity in the building busi-
ness, so that the company is in a position to build better homes for
less money than any company or firm that ever entered the same
line. Moreover, the men in control are thoroughly familiar with
every phase of the business, and they have eliminated all promotion
schemes or plans. The business has already been firmly established
and is growing day by day. The officers of the company, which is
capitalized for five hundred thousand dollars, are: H. L. Wood,
president; A. G. Rhodes, first vice president; C. U. Henderson, sec-
ond vice president; A. Alder, secretary; W. P. Stone, treasurer, and
Benjamin R. Aiken, attorney. On the board of directors are: H. P.
Briggs, Thomas J. Thompson, A. G. Rhodes, W. P. Stone, A. Alder,
H. L. Wood and C. U. Henderson.

In St. Louis, Missouri, Mr. Wood was married to Miss Bertha
Bridgeman on the 9th of May, 1903, and they have gained many
friends during the period of their residence here. Mr. Wood be-
longs to the Oakland Commercial Club, and he gives his political
allegiance to the republican party. In his connection with the
former he co-operates in all movements that tend to the upbuilding
and substantial improvement of his city and manifests at all times a
public-spirited devotion to the general good.

OTTO BECHTLE.

Among the men who by reason of their personal integrity, ability
and business enterprise have come to be regarded as representative
citizens and leading business men of Alameda is numbered Otto
Bechtle, who since 1906 has been engaged in the manufacture of
gas and electric fixtures in the city. He is a native of Germany,
born in Wurtemberg, October 3, 1872, a son of Max Bechtle, a
machinist by trade, who followed his chosen occupation in the
fatherland until 1907, when he retired from active life. His wife,
who was in her maidenhood Miss Christiana Geisert, also survives.

In the public schools of his native country Otto Bechtle acquired
his education, laying aside his books in 1886 in order to learn the
silversmith's trade, at which he became very proficient, following
it in Wurtemberg until 1892. In that year he crossed the Atlantic
to America and after his arrival in this country pushed westward
to California, settling in San Francisco in December. In that city
he engaged in the chandelier manufacturing business as an employe

208 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

in the San Francisco Novelty Works, a connection which he main-
tained for about one year, resigning his position in order to engage
in the same line of work with the Thomas Day Company. He
remained with that concern until 1906, when he came to Alameda,
where he established himself in business as a manufacturer of gas
and electric fixtures. Success has steadily attended his w-ell directed
labors since that time, and his business has expanded yearly, the
entire credit for its rapid growth being directly due to Mr. Bechtle's
enterprise, initiative and progressive spirit, guided and controlled
by his excellent business ability. He has now a large and repre-
sentative patronage, and this has been accorded to him in recognition
of the fine quality of the goods which he manufactures and his
straightforward and upright business methods.

Mr. Bechtle married Miss Elese Kurth, a daughter of John and
Marianna Kurth, natives of Sw^itzerland. Mr. and Mrs. Bechtle
have four children: Freda, aged fourteen; Otto, eleven and a half;
Bertha, nine, and Albert, three. Always interested in the growth
and welfare of his home city and anxious to do his part in promoting
its advancement, Mr. Bechtle has identified himself with the North
Side Improvement Club of Alameda and the Chamber of Com-
merce. He is a member also of the Electric Association of Oakland
and fraternally belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
the Knights of Pythias, the Red Men and the Loyal Order of Moose.
He has made steady progress as the years have gone by and has
achieved a measure of prosperity which is most creditable, as it has
been gained by methods that have been ever honorable and upright,
winning him the respect and good-wall of his associates and friends.

FRED D. VOORHEES.

Among the foremost architects and engineers of Oakland is to
be numbered Fred D. Voorhees, who for about twenty years has
practiced his profession in this city. Buildings which owe their
origin to his genius can be found on every hand in the cit\, but of
late Mr. Voorhees has more closely confined himself to specializing
in school buildings and also acts as consulting architect.

A native of Rockford, Illinois, he came with his parents to Cali
fornia when but six years of age and was educated in the Oakland
and Vallejo schools. He began his career as an employe of the
Mare Island navy yard at Vallejo in the civil engineering depart-

HISTORY OF ALAIMEDA COUNTY 209

ment. In 1893 he began his private practice in Oakland as civil
engineer and architect. Among the early buildings for which he
drew plans are the Reed block on Clay street, the Havens block,
the Blake block on Eleventh street and the Woodman building on
Twelfth street, also the Tutt building on Thirteenth street, the M. C.
Chapman home and the famous home of W. Sharon at Piedmont.
His later work includes the Pacific building on Sixteenth and Jef-
ferson and the Powell hotel on Thirteenth and Webster streets. Of
late years he has made a specialty of school buildings, having drawn
the plans of the Manzinita school at Oakland and the Grove Street
school, also of this city. He also made the plans for the addition
to the Lafayette, Piedmont and Elmhurst schools and the Park and
Division school and the Fifty-fourth and Market Street school. He
also acted as architect for the Centerville and Vallejo high schools
and also for schools in Richmond, California. On account of his
ability along these lines he is often chosen as consulting architect
by his fellow workers and also by intending investors and by public
bodies, and has done work in that connection on the Lodi high school
of Lodi, California, and the Elks building at Richmond, as well as
for the supervisors of Alameda county. For a number of years he
was architect for the Fruitvale school district.

Mr. Voorhees was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Hunger-
ford Lewis. He is prominent in the Masons, being a Knight Tem-
plar, a Shriner and a Scottish Rite Mason. He is also a member
of the Elks at Oakland and a charter member of Oakland camp of
the Woodmen of the World. He is a member of the Oakland Com-
mercial Club and the Chamber of Commerce and his professional
affiliation is with the American Institute of Architects. A man of
progressive tendencies and public-spirited in the truest meaning of
the word, he interests himself as deeply in matters of public import
as in his own success, and his labors have been of distinct advantage
to Alameda county and the citv in which he makes his home.

CHARLES N. WALTER.

Charles N. Walter, assistant cashier of the First National Bank
of Oakland, entered the employ of that institution in an humble
capacity almost a quarter of a century ago and has worked his way
upward to his present responsible position. He was born in Oakland
on the 7th of March, 1872, his fatlier being William A M'altcr, a

210 HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY

native of New York. The latter became a California pioneer,
crossing the plains to this state in 1852 and being here engaged in
mining in the early days. Subsequently he became identified with
the wood and coal business, conducting an enterprise of that char-
acter at Oakland as the junior member of the firm of Shakespear &
Walter. Later he was associated with the Wells Fargo Express
Company at Oakland. As a member of the city council of Oakland
he did valuable and efficient service, proving himself a public-
spirited and enterprising citizen who had the best interests of his
community at heart. His demise occurred in February, 1893.

Charles N. Walter obtained his education in the public schools
of his native city and after putting aside his text-books spent two
years in the office of Wells Fargo & Company. On the ist of August,
1889, he entered the employ of the First National Bank as messenger
boy and has since remained in the service of that financial institution,
being steadily promoted as he has demonstrated his worth and
ability until he now holds the important position of assistant cashier.
He is a popular official of the bank and enjoys an enviable reputation
as one of its able and valued representatives.

As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Mr. Walter
chose Miss Lucy L. Drake, a native of Colusa, California. Their
children are four in number, namely: Elizabeth, Charles A., Ar-
thur G. and Edward M. In Masonic circles Mr. Walter is promi-
nent. On the rjth of March, 1894, he joined Oakland Lodge, No.
188, and has held all of the offices therein, serving as master in 1905
and now acting as secretary, while for two years he s-erved as
inspector of the district. He is likewise a member of Oakland
Chapter, No. 36, R. A. M., and Oakland Lodge of Perfection, No. 2.
For a period of thirteen years Mr. Walter acted as clerk of the
local library board. He has spent his entire life in Oakland and
well deserves representation among its substantial and progressive
citizens.

HORACE E. SMITH.

Horace E. Smith is secretary of the Oakland Cremation Asso-
ciation. He was born in Bristol, Vermont, October 27, 1849, and
is a son of James Monroe and Martha (Lowell) Smith. At the
usual age he entered the district schools, which he attended until
eight years of age, when his parents left the Green Mountain state

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 211

and with their family removed westward to Sycamore, De Kalb
county, Illinois. There he continued his education in the public
and high schools until he reached the age of fifteen years, when, in
1864, he entered the United States army as a private, becoming a
member of Company D, One Hundred and Forty-first Illinois
Infantry, with which he continued for six months.

At the end of that time, the war having closed, he returned to his
home in Sycamore, Illionis, where he secured a position on the
Sycamore True Republican as "printer's devil." He applied himself
to the mastery of the business and later became a journeyman, so
continuing until 1877. He next made his way to Salt Lake City,
where he engaged as clerk in the general merchandising establish-
ment n{ John W. Lowell until 1879. In that year he came to Oak-
land and here engaged as traveling salesman for an Eastern text-
book publishing house, with which he continued for a year. On the
expiration of that period he returned to Salt Lake City, where he
again became clerk in the general merchandise store in which he had
formerly been employed. There he remained until 1884, when he
came to Oakland and again was connected with the text-book house
for a year. He afterward made his way to Los Angeles and became
secretary and assistant manager of the Los Angeles Daily Tribune,
with which he was associated until 1890. He then went upon the
editorial stafT of the Los Angeles Herald, with which he continued
for a year, and was next appointed chief clerk of the United States
weather bureau at Washington, D. C, acting in that capacity until
[894, when he was transferred to Oakland as inspector of the same
department. Here he continued until 1895, when he went to Los
Angeles and engaged on the editorial stalT of the Los Angeles Herald
until 1897. In that year he was appointed observer for the United
States weatlier bureau at Los Angeles, where he continued for a year
and was then transferred to San Francisco in the same capacity, so
continuing until 1910, when he resigned and purchased a ranch near
Martinez. California. A year later he disposed of that property and
returned to Oakland, at which time he became secretary of the Oak-
land Cremation Association, in which connection he still continues.

On the 30th of May, i88r, in Salt Lake City, Mr. Smith was
united in marriage to Miss Kate Hobson, who passed away seventeen
years later, on the nth of March, 1898. Mr. Smith was again mar-
ried on the 28th of November, 1906, in Oakland, at which time Miss
Emma Nicholson became his wife. He has a son, Edwin Lowell
Smith, thirty-two years of age, who attended the schools of Washing-
ton, D. C, Los Angeles and Oakland, being graduated from the

212 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Oakland high school with the class of igoo. He then spent a year
in dental college, and at this writing is president of Ye Liberty
Candy Company of Oakland. Mr. Smith's business and official con-
nections have made him widely known, as he has traveled from point
to point, sojourning in various sections of the country. His many
substantial qualities are widely recognized and have made him popu-
lar wherever he has gone.

ROBERT DALZIEL, Sr.

Robert Dalziel, Sr., a long-time resident of Oakland, whose busi-
ness enterprise has constituted the foundation of his growing and
substantial success, is one whose life record may well serve to inspire
and encourage others, showing what may be accomplished when
determination and energy lead the way. Starting out in life with no
capital, he has gradually advanced to his present enviable position.

Mr. Dalziel was born in Paisley, Scotland, on November 8, 1836,
and is a son of Andrew and Margaret (Smith) Dalziel. He attended
the public schools of his native land until fifteen years of age and then
crossed the Atlantic to the new world, settling first at Brooklyn, New-
York, where he served his time as an apprentice to a plumber for
three years. On the expiration of that period he went to San Fran-
cisco and entered the employ of the San Francisco Water Company
in the capacity of plumber. After filling that position, for a year
he went to Sacramento, where he embarked in the plumbing business
on his own account. After six years spent in the capital city he sold
out and came to Oakland, opening a plumbing shop on Broadway,
between Fifth and Sixth streets. After six months he removed to
Eighth and Broadway, where he conducted business for two years,
and then located his establishment at Twelfth and Broadway, where
he continued for three years. He was afterward at Thirteenth and
Broadway, where he remained for six years, when he sold out. turn-
ing over his business to his children. In the meantime his patronage
had steadily increased. Each removal meant that he was seeking
more commodious quarters and a more advantageous situation for
the conduct of his trade. He built up a business of gratifying pro-
portions, his success being attributable in large measure to his enter-
prise and to the fairness and probity which characterized his deal-
ings at all times.

KOBKKT DALZIKL. Si;.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 215

In his native city of Paisley Mr. Dalziel was united in marriage
to Miss Agnes Smith, and they have become the parents of seven
children: Andrew, who is now president of the Dalziel-Muller
Company, wholesale dealers in plumbing supplies at San Francisco;
Robert, who is engaged in the plumbing business at Oakland and San
Francisco; Alexander, now living retired at Oakland; William, who
is connected with the plumbing business in Oakland; James, a mem-
ber of the Dalziel-Muller Company of San Francisco; Anstruther
Smith, living in Oakland, and Mrs. Margaret Smith Williams, of
Oakland.

The religious faith of the family is that of the Presbyterian
church, to which they loyally adhere, and Mr. Dalziel is a member of
St. Andrew's Society. His political allegiance is given to the repub-
lican party, and his fraternal relations are with the Masons and the
Odd Fellows. He deserves much credit for what he has accom-
plished, and he has never had occasion to regret his determination to
come to the new world, for here he has found the opportunities which
he sought and in their improvement has made continuous advance-
ment. Ambition has pointed out the way, and ability and energy
have carried him forward to success.

TIMOTHY C. COUGHLIN.

Timothy C. Coughlin, newspaper writer and well known Ala-
medan, took up his residence in that city with his parents in 1892,
moving from Santa Cruz county. He was born in Springfield,
Massachusetts, February 17, 1872, his parents being Michael C. and
Margaret M. (O'Brien) Coughlin. His father, a native of Ireland,
was brought to the United States as a child and was educated in the
schools of the old Bay State. In 1868 he came to California by way
of the Isthmus of Panama and assisted in the building of the first
transcontinental railroad into Alameda county, via the Altamont
pass. In 1874 he went to Santa Cruz, becoming one of the pioneer
lumbermen of that section of the state. He later directed large lum-
ber industries in Humboldt and Shasta counties. His death occurred
in Alameda in 1903. His wife, a daughter of the late William and
Margaret O'Brien, of Springfield, Massachusetts, followed him to
the grave the same year.

Timothy C. Coughlin obtained his early education at Notre
Dame Convent, San Jose, and in the public schools of Santa Cruz
county. He continued his studies at St. Mary's College, Oakland,

21(j HISTORY OF AT.AMEDA COUNTY

from which institution he was graduated with high honors in 1893,
taking the degree of Bachelor of Science. Following two years' con-
nection with the San Francisco commission house of Henry Doyle &
Company, Mr. Coughlin took up news writing, joining the editorial
stafT of the Examiner. After two years with that paper he went to
the Morning Call, with which he continued for nearly fourteen years,
also doing work at various times during that period for the Oakland
Herald, Tribune and Enquirer. He retired from the Call editorial
staf¥ April 19, 1913, and two days later was appointed city clerk of
Alameda, the first political position he ever accepted and one to
which he did not aspire. As city clerk he won an enviable name for
himself by reason of his sterling, rugged honesty, fair dealing, all
around competency and incorruptibility.

Mr. Coughlin was married in San Francisco, February 17, 1909,
to Miss Mary C. O'Brien, daughter of the late John and Mary
O'Brien of Altamont. Two children, a son and daughter, have
blessed the union. Mr. Coughlin is affiliated with the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks, being a member of Oakland Lodge, No.
171. The high principles that have consistently actuated his life
have been such as to win for him the respect and esteem of all who
know liim well.

B. B. MASTEN, M. D.

Dr. B. B. Masten, who since 1906 has been in active and suc-
cessful practice of medicine and surgery in Oakland, where he is
numbered among the foremost representatives of his profession, was
born in Brazil, Indiana, in 1871, and acquired his early education in
the public schools of Lafayette, in the same state. He afterward
took a course in mechanical engineering at Purdue University and
then entered the L-niversity of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where he
spent three years. At the end of that time he enrolled in Bennett
Medical College of Chicago and in 1895 was graduated from that
institution with the degree of M. D.

He came to California in 1896 but remained only a short time,
returning to Chicago and accepting a position as house physician
at the Palmer House. He did creditable and able work in that
capacity for a number of years, after wiiich, in 1905, he returned
west, locating in San Francisco. After one year's practice there he
moved his ollicc to Oakland and here he lias since huih up a large

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 217

and representative patronage, accorded to him in recognition of liis
unusual proficiency in his chosen field of labor. Dr. Masten belongs
to the National Medical Association and the state and county med-
ical societies and keeps in touch with his profession in its most
advanced phases. Everything pertaining to the medical science,
every new experiment, every different field of investigation and
research are of interest to him, and he himself has always remained
a close and earnest student, his powers developing with the years.
In Oakland he is regarded as an able, conscientious and reliable
phvsician and has the respect of his associates in the medical frater-
nity and the esteem and confidence of the local public.

FRED L. HANNA.

Fred L. Hanna, who has been in the service of the Santa Fe
Railroad for almost a quarter of a centurv, has worked his way
steadily upward from a clerical position to that of general freight
and passenger agent in Oakland, winning the last promotion on the
istof January, 1914. His birth occurred in Steubenville, Ohio, on
the 1st of May, 1869, his parents being-D. W. and Ella Hanna. He
attended public school in his native town until fourteen vears of age
and then came to Los Angeles, California, where he completed the
high-school course by graduation in 1888.

Mr. Hanna afterward embarked in the stationery business, but
sold out at the end of two years and secured a positiiMi as clerk with
the Santa Fe Railroad Company, in the service of which he has
remained continuously to the present time, winning gradual promo-
tion as he has demonstrated his ability and faithfulness in the dis-
charge of the duties entrusted to his care. Mr. Hanna served as-
traveling freight agent from 1901 until 1907 and subsequently acted
as traveling freight and passenger agent until the ist of January,
1914, when he was made general agent of the freight and passenger
department in Oakland. In this important position he has already
ingratiated himself with the officers of the road, as well as shippers
and the traveling public, by reason of the new ideas which he has
advanced and the improvements he has promulgated.

On the 24th of December, 1896, in Los Angeles, Mr. Hanna was
joined in wedlock to Miss Mary McAleer. He is a valued member
of the Chamber of Commerce and also belongs to the Commercial
Club and the Nile Club. In politics he is a republican, while his

21S HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTV

religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church. In whatever rela-
tion of life he has been found he has been true and loyal to the trust
reposed in him and his career has been in conformity with a high
standard of conduct.

WILLIAM A. POWELL.

William A. Powell, a well known young attorney of Oakland,
was born in this city August 29, 1880. He is a son of Walter and
Anne B. (Denny) Powell, natives of England, who came to Cali-
fornia in 1865, the father going by way of the Isthmus of Panama
and the mother around the Horn in a sailing vessel.

William A. Powell acquired his early education in the public
schools of Berkeley and later attended the L'niversity of California,
from which he was graduated in igo2. He is a prominent athlete,
having been a member of the varsity track team in 19(^12 and from
that year until 1907 holding the Pacific Coast championship for
hurdling. He now engages in the general practice of law in Oak-
land and controls an important and growing patronage. Mr. Powell
is a member of the Athenian Club and is a democrat in his political
views. He holds a high place in his party's councils, as is indicated
by the fact that from 1910 to 191 2 he was chairman of the democratic
countv central committee and is now a member of the democratic
executive state central committee. Although still a young man, he
has already gained an enviable place in the ranks of the legal frater-
nity in this part of the state and will undoubtedly be carried forw ard
into still more important relations with professional life.

EDWIN H. MAYON.

Edwin H. Mayon, a representative and esteemed citizen of Oak-
land, has held the position of chief deputy county auditor for the
past four years and has made a most creditable record in that connec-
tion. His birth occurred in Pioche, Nevada, on the ist of Novem-
ber, 1877, his parents being Thomas C. and Nellie C. (Reed)
Mavon. The father, who was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, Octo-
ber 14, 1S43, actjuircd iiis education in the place of his nativity and
there remained until 1S62, when he came to California and turned

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 219

his attention to mining, locating first in Marysville and subsequently
in Amador county, where he continued until 1875. He then went
to Central America and followed mining there until his removal to
Alaska, where he served as superintendent of the Apollo until 1900.
During the past fourteen years, however, he has lived retired in Oak-
land, being widely recognized as one of its respected and substantial
residents. It was here that he wedded Miss Nellie C. Reed, by whom
he has two children: George C. and Edwin H., of this review.

The latter attended the graded and high schools of Oakland until
seventeen years of age and subsequently spent eight months as a stu-
dent in the Aydelotte Business College. He then went to Alaska and
until 1897 "^^'^^ engaged as assayer in the mine of which his father
acted as superintendent. Afterward he made his way to Dawson,
Yukon Territory, and worked a claim until the spring of 1899, when
he went to Nome, Alaska, being one of the first miners there. In the
fall of 1899 he returned to Oakland, but in the spring of 1900 again
made his way to Nome, where he was engaged in mining for six
months. Subsequently he followed mining in the southeastern part
of Alaska until 1901 and then sold out, returning to Oakland. Froqi
1901 to 1904 he was engaged in mining in California, operating in
Tuolumne, Amador, Butte, Trinity, Siskin, Eldorado and Caliveras.
He was employed as bookkeeper in the office of the city treasurer
at Oakland from 1904 until 1908 and in the latter year became chief
deputy county auditor, in which capacity he has remained continu-
ously since, discharging his duties in a highly satisfactory and com-
mendable manner.

On the 4th of March, 1906, in Oakland, Mr. Mayon was united
in marriage to Miss Ella McLaughlin, by whom he has one child,
Elinor, now five years of age. He is a republican in politics and a
Protestant in religious faith and is identified fraternally with the
Woodmen of the World. Mr. Mayon is a wide-awake, energetic
and alert young man, and both he and his wife are highly respected
in the citv where thev make their home.

THE BOHANNON CANCER INSTITUTE.

The Bohannon Cancer Institute, under the management of G. C.
Bohannon, is an institution established for the scientific treatment and
cure of cancer and all forms of malignant and benign growths with-
out the use of the knife, burning plaster or X-ray. It is a large and

220 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

thoroughly equipped private sanitarium exclusively for the treat-
ment of cancer and tumor sufferers, and the men in charge of the
institution have been unusually successful along their special line.
Their experience in the treatment of malignant growths extends over
a period of many years, during which several thousand cases have
come under their observation. With the idea in view that there was
no reason why they, who have had experience in the treatment of
cancer and have made a special study of it, should not specialize in
this disease as others do in other branches of medicine, The Bohannon
Cancer Institute was established. It is only necessary to consult per-
sons who have been patients at the sanitarium to be convinced tliat
the services there are real and efficient and that the institution is
conducted in a manner which commands respect and approbation
from all who have come to knovv' about it.

The directors of The Bohannon Institute claim that cancer is a
curable disease and base these claims upon the success which they
have had in the treatment of it. Their scientific method utilizes many
different medicines in such a manner as to completely revolutionize
the treatment of all abnormal growths, either malignant or benign.
There is no one medicine that can be successfully employed in the
treatment of cancer, and this fact to a certain extent accounts for the
failures that have been made in the past in this branch of practice.
The Bohannon method is founded upon three facts, recognized today
by all regular schools of practice. First: Cancer in its incipiency
is always a local disease and not a disease of the blood. Second:
Cancer is a vegetating cell growth and in every instance invades the
tissues and glands by the process known as infiltration. Third: Can-
cer, to be permanently cured, requires the removal of the remotest
cell. Recognizing these facts, The Bohannon Institute employs anti-
cancer toxin, with a strong affinity for malignant growths, which,
being diseased and porous, offer it no response but absorb the medi-
cine instantly, leaving the sound tissue in a perfectly healthy and
normal condition. The advantages of this treatment are as follows:
( I ) it is a very rapid method. The patient only need spend a
short time awav from home; in many cases can be treated and return
home the same day; the busy man need not neglect his affairs; the
workman loses but a little time; the housewife is gone from her
familv but a short time.

(2) It is a moderate priced treatment. Cost of treatment in
every case depends entirely upon the extent of the growth and amount
of tissue involved.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 221

(3) It is a bloodless treatment. There is no loss of blood and
consequently no weakening of the system.

(4) It is a safe treatment.

(5) It does not produce violent inflammation, as usually accom-
panies the application of escharotics in general, hence

(6) Pain is minimized.

(7) It does not undermine the constitution.

(8) It does not rack the nerves.

(9) Patients are not required to remain in bed.

(10) It does not aflfect the heart.

(11) The appetite is not impaired.

(12) It may be used inside the mouth and on other mucous
surfaces.

This treatment, or anti-cancer toxin, is introduced into the afifect-
ed tissues by a hypodermic syringe and in this way the diseased tissue
is reached immediately and efifectively. The toxin attacks and kills
only the diseased tissue, having no effect whatever on sound and
healthy tissues. The Bohannon Institute is located at 1813 Univer-
sity avenue in Berkeley and is thoroughly equipped and efficiently
managed, being in the hands of a competent corps of directors, aided
by a staff of hospital trained nurses, trained also in this particular line
of nursing. The institution since its foundation in 1909 by G. C.
Bohannon, its present manager, has had a very prosperous career
and it treats an increasing number of patients year by year, its best
advertisement being its satisfied clients.

LINCOLN S. CHURCH.

Lincoln S. Church, a member of the firm of Snook & Church,
general legal practitioners in Oakland, was born in Alvarado, Ala-
meda county, California, May 12, 1865, a son of Augustus M. and
Ellen (Cronkhite) Church. He acquired his education in the public
schools of Oakland, and after he was graduated from the high school
studied law with J. C. Martin. In 1886 he was admitted to the bar
and began the practice of his profession. He rose rapidly to a posi-
tion of prominence and a short time after beginning his independent
career, or in 1889, was appointed prosecuting attorney for the police
court, serving for four years under District Attorney George W.
Reed, and being assistant district attorney for two years, 1895-97,
under District Attorney Charles K. Snook. He was afterward for

222 HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY

four years chief deputy in the district attorney's office. In 1899 he
formed a partnership with Mr. Snook under the name of Snook &
Church, and this has since become one of the sound and reliable legal
firms in the city, connected through an extensive clientage with a
great deal of important litigation. Mr. Church handles all of the
criminal cases and has made a wide reputation as a criminal lawyer.
Mr. Church married Miss Rosalia Clark, an accomplished mu-
sician, a native of California and a daughter of Marion Clark, who
came to this state in 1851. Mr. and Mrs. Church have a daughter,
Esther. Mr. Church was for four years prior to January, 1903,
attorney for the public administrator. He is a member of the
Masonic fraternity, having taken the fourteenth degree according to
the Scottish Rite, and he is identified also with the University Lodge
of Odd Fellows and the Commercial Club. His record since starting
upon the practice of law has been marked by consecutive progress,
and his natural qualifications indicate that he will win still higher
advancement in his chosen field.

CHARLES LUTHER TRABERT.

The rapid rise of Charles Luther Trabert in the lumber business
is a splendid example of the value of specialization in the modern
commercial world, and it demonstrates also the importance of well-
directed energy, resolution and ambition as factors in the attainment
of success. AL-. Trabert has devoted his entire active life to the
lumber industry and has been associated with the various C. A.
Smith companies longer than anv of his business associates or em-
ploves, rising from a humble position to be secretary of all of the
great lumber corporations controlled by C. A. Smith. Mr. Trabert
is not only a lumberman, but a forester also, having made a scien-
tific studv of forestrv and liaving accomplished a great deal of con-
structive and important work along this line.

He was born at Ephrata, Pennsylvania, April 30, 1871, and is a
son of Rev. George H. Trabert, pastor of an English Lutheran con-
gregation in that city. He is of Pennsylvania-Dutch stock and of a
familv descended from a line of German burgomasters which can
be traced back to an ancestor who was a soldier under Gustavus
Adolphus. The father of the subject of this review is still active
in the ministry as pastor of the Salem English Lutheran church at
Minneapolis, Miimesota. He has reached the age of seventy years.

HISTORY OF ALA:\IEDA COUXTY 225

For more than forty years he has been a great individual force in
the advancement of the Lutheran religion in this country and has
accomplished a great deal of important work during that time. In
1883 he went to Minnesota as missionary for the Lutheran synod
and, with the exception of five years spent in Pennsylvania, has made
Minneapolis his home since that time. He has established English
Lutheran congregations in Duluth and Red Wing, Minnesota, Fargo,
North Dakota, La Crosse, Wisconsin, and many other cities, and he
was for years the only English Lutheran minister in the northwest.
His wife, who was in her maidenhood Miss Mary Elizabeth Min-
nigh, is of mixed Pennsylvania-Dutch and English stock, an ancestor
of the family having come from Munich in 1622.

When Charles L. Trabert was still a child his parents moved to
Lebanon, Pennsylvania, and in that city he began his education,
later completing it at Minneapolis, where he attended the grade
school and later the Central high school for three years. He was a
member of the first manual training class in the Minneapolis schools
and was for three years a student in Gustavus Adolphus College at
St. Peter, Minnesota. Before he received his degree he was obliged
to lay aside his books in order to earn his livelihood, and the summer
after his last year at college he entered the employ of C. A. Smith,
with whom he has remained connected since that time. His first
position was in the office of C. A. Smith & Company in the Lumber
Exchange and his work consisted of drawing maps and plans. In
this way he became interested in the lumber business and gained
his first knowledge of standing timber, along which line he directed
his future interests and activities. Later Mr. Trabert was engaged
by Mr. Smith as tutor for his eldest son, Oscar Smith, afterward
killed in a street-car accident, and while holding this position he
traveled with young Smith to Florida and spent the winter there,
returning the next summer to Minnesota. Thev spent the season in
the Pine River district, living at the summer farm camp for the
logging crews, and Mr. Trabert went with the driving crews, thus
becoming familiar through personal experience with the various
details of practical lumbering. Mr. Trabert was afterward able to
arrange his work so that he took his final year in college at New-
berry College, North Carolina, from which institution he received
his degree of B. A. in 1894.

Following this he returned to Minneapolis, where he perma-
nently entered the employ of C. A. Smith & Company, then a part-
nership of C. A. Smith and former Governor lohn S. Pillsbury.
Mr. Trabert at once became connected with the timber end of the

226 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

business and rose within a year to be private secretary to Mr. Smith,
a position which he filled for seventeen years, gradually taking
charge of the financial side of the business. Mr. Trabert retained
his position as private secretary to Mr. Smith until January i, 1904,
when the C. A. Smith Timber Company was formed with a capital
stock of one million dollars. This company took over all of the
timber holdings of the former concern and moved its northwestern
headquarters and Mr. Smith's private offices from the mill in North
Minneapolis to the Andrus building, whence they moved in May,
191 2, to their present premises in Oakland, California. Gradually
the C. A. Smith Timber Company acquired interests in the west,
and the business grew so rapidly that subsidiary corporations were
formed to handle various phases of the western business. Of each
of these companies Mr. Trabert was made secretary, and he now
holds this position in the C. A. Smith Timber Company of Oregon,
a corporation with a capital of six million dollars; the Linn & Lane
Timber Company, with a capital of three million; the C. A. Smith
Lumber & Manufacturing Company, with a capital of four and
one-half million; the Smith-Powers Logging Company, with a cap-
ital of eight hundred thousand; the Inter-Ocean Transportation
Company, with a capital of five hundred thousand; the C. A. Smith
Fir Company, and six or seven minor corporations. As the Smith
timber was cut oft' in Minnesota and the interests on the Pacific coast
grew, Mr. Smith, looking about for a western location, decided
upon Oakland, for the reason that the five timber districts controlled
by the Smith interests — two fir tracts and one spruce in Oregon and
one redwood and one sugar pine and yellow pine tract in California
• — all are tributary to tidewater. He therefore moved all of his
interests to Oakland and established yards, a planing mill and a
box factory at Bay Point, which he has made the distributing center
of the concern. The company occupies nearly an entire floor in the
Syndicate building, on Broadway in Oakland.

For many years past Mr. Trabert has been interested in forestry.
or rather in what he terms "conservative lumbering." Mr. Smitli
placed Mr. Trabert in general charge of the forestry department
of his companies, and under his able management one of the best
forestry libraries in the United States has been collected. This has
been moved from Minneapolis and is now in Oakland. Mr. Trabert
spent a week with the late J. E. Defebaugh and others studying witli
Dr. C. A. Schenck at Biltmore, North Carolina, the methods of
reforestation employed there. He has written considerably on the
subject and has talked before numerous bodies in the effort to direct

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 227

public sentiment and to stir up interest in reforestation. He advo-
cates the abolition of prohibitive taxation of timber lands, his theory
being that the only way to get justice in this regard is to make the
public see that it is to its interests to get trees grown rather than
to have them sacrificed. Mr. Trabert is in direct control of the for-
esters in the employ of C. A. Smith, and while the company has
given up reforesting its Minnesota lands, several men trained under
Mr. Trabert's direction are now in the Minnesota service under
State Forester W. T. Cox. Mr. Trabert is a member of the National
Forestry Association, the National Geographical Association, the
Archaeological Association of America and kindred bodies. He
also belongs to the Oregon Conservation Association, and consulted
with the secretary of state of California in regard to the formation
of the California Conservation Association. He has frequently lec-
tured before the University of California and the Forestry Club on
the subject of forestry.

On the 2t;th of June, i S94, in Newberry, South Carolina, Mr.
Trabert was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Abney W'ells, a
daughter of Osborne Wells, a prominent planter of that city. The
father is a veteran of the Civil war, having served as commissary
officer in the Confederate army. He is still managing his estate,
which is on the outskirts of Newberry, partly within the city. Mr.
and Mrs. Trabert have become the parents of a daughter, Dorothv,
aged seventeen.

Mr. Trabert was well known in social circles of Minneapolis,
where he held membership in the L'niversity Club, the Interlachen
Club and in various other organizations, such as the Minneapolis
Choral Club, the Philharmonic Club, of which he was president,
and the Federation of Men's Church Clubs, of which he was a mem-
ber of the executive committee. He was a member of the Minneap-
olis bar, having received a degree in law from the University of
Minnesota in 1899, and he intends to ask admission also in Califor-
nia. In Oakland he has also become well known in community life,
holding membership in the Athenian Club and the Commercial
Club. In addition to this he is a director in the Chamber of Com-
merce and in the Young Men's Christian Association and belongs
also to the University Club of San Francisco. During his entire life
he has been active in the afifairs of the Lutheran church and during
his residence in Minneapolis was choirmaster of the vested choir of
the Salem English Lutheran church. He was one of the prime
movers in organizing the St. Michael's Lutheran church of Berke-
ley, which was incorporated September 29, 1913, and is vestryman

228 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

and choirmaster. He is a director in the Berkeley Ontario Society.
He belongs to the Sons of the Revolution, and his wife is treasurer
of John Rutledge Chapter, D. A. R. She is in addition a member
of Joseph Le Conte Chapter, Daughters of the Confederacy, and
is popular in the Wednesday Morning Musical Club, connected
with the Ebell Society of Oakland.

The ilmerican Lumberman, under date of June 22, 191 2, speak-
ing of the career of Charles L. Trabert, says: "Faithful allegiance
to an enterprise and faithful adherence to a principle bring man\
rewards. There is the satisfaction of having done good things well.
There is the success that certainly follows consistent thought and
action. In the lumber industry especially are many notable exam-
ples of men who have devoted their lives to the industry, or to some
particular phase of it, and who have been long connected with houses
of national standing. In some instances that connection began in
the early days of the enterprise, when its proportions were smaller
than they are todav. It is fair, therefore, to give these men credit
for having contributed a share toward the upbuilding of these par-
ticular concerns and the development of the industry in general.
It is the purpose of this article to indicate in a small way the part
that Charles L. Trabert, secretary of the various C. A. Smith com-
panies, has plaved in the operations of that great lumberman, and in
shaping public thought and policy regarding conservative lumber-
ing. No better example can be found of a man who has grown
with his company, whose capacity has kept step with his increasing
responsibilities and increasing opportunities for labor that would
count. In the rapid development of great industrial enterprises in
this countrv the pace often becomes too swift for the little men; by
the potential big man the pace is relished and accelerated. Mr. Tra-
bert began in a most humble capacity but quickly demonstrated his
fitness for larger responsibilities. ' In the development of the great
C. A. Smith operations he has done his share and is accorded proper
credit by his associates and fellow lumbermen."

LANCELOT RICHARDSON.

Lancelot Richardson is well known in railroad circles of ()akl:ind
as district freight and passenger agent of the Southern Pacific Rail-
road. He is a trustworthy and faithful official, standing high in the
estimation of his superior otficers, and is popular with the general

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 229

public on account of his courtesy and his readiness to oblige them in
every possible way. He was born in Princeton, California, August
17, 1863, a son of Lancelot and Catherine (Gardener) Richardson,
who were married in Maryland. The father was born in Lancashire,
England, and was there educated, coming to California in 1862 and
settling in Princeton, where he was engaged in mining until 1868.
He then went to Utah, where he operated coal mines near Coalville
until 1873 and thence to Vallejo, California, where he established
himself in the general merchandise business, continuing thus until
his retirement in 1877. He died in 1903. He was a popular mem-
ber of the local lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.
To him and his wife was born one child, Lancelot, of this review.

The latter attended the public and high schools in Vallejo until
thirteen years of age and then became a messenger for the Southern
Pacific Railroad Company, being after two years promoted to the
position of operator and ticket agent at South Vallejo and remaining
there until 1885. He was then transferred to Summit, California,
as agent, where he was stationed until 1886, then becoming assistant
agent at Rocklin, in which town he staid until 1887. Until 1888 he
was telegraph operator in the superintendent's office in Sacramento,
when he was appointed agent at Suisun City, where he remained until
1 89 1. In that year he became agent at Carpinteria, remaining there
until 1893, when he was transferred in the same capacity to Santa
Barbara, and there he acted as agent until 1905. From 1901; until
191 1 he was commercial agent of the railroad at Santa Barbara and
then became district freight and passenger agent at Oakland, which
position he now holds. His advancement has been steady, and he has
been constantly promoted to more important positions as his ability
developed. He stands high in the estimation of the railroad officials
because of his devotion to his work, his untiring energy and the tact
which he uses in transacting all business which comes under his
department.

In October, 1884, Mr. Richardson married Miss Harriet E.
Kitto, and they have two children: Elizabeth E., a graduate of the
Santa Barbara high school, the Berkeley Arts and Crafts School, the
State Normal and Training School and now a teacher in the Oakland
public schools; and Lillian B., also at home. Mr. Richardson is a
member of the Oakland Commercial Club and the Chamber of Com-
merce and can always be found in the front ranks with those men who
have at heart the progress of the city. Fraternally he is a Mason and
practices the principles of that brotherhood in his everyday life.
He is a member of the Traffic Club of San Francisco and the Atlicn-

230 HISTORY OF ALA .M EDA COUXTY

ian and Nile Clubs of Oakland. His political persuasion is that of
the republican party and in religious faith he is a Unitarian. His
career should serve as an incentive to the young man of today, for it
shows that ambition and perseverance lead to the goal of worthv
success.

PETER CHRISTENSEN.

No foreign nation has made better or more valuable contributions
to the cosmopolitan population of this great republic than the little
kingdom of Denmark, for the people of that land, coming to this
country in search of new homes and fortunes, invariably develop into
substantial, constructive, law-abiding citizens, who in most cases
make their marks in the world and contribute materially to the pros-
perity of the communities in which their activities are centered. A
good example of Denmark's excellent product was found in Peter
Christensen, a well known and popular contractor of Alameda, who
died suddenly on February 23, 1912.

Mr. Christensen was born in the rural district of Fredericia,
Denmark, June 21, 1845, the son of Peter Christensen, Sr., a well-to-
do builder in that vicinity. Until he was fourteen years of age the
son attended the public schools, and then became an apprentice to
learn the trade of joiner and cabinet-maker. At the end of his two
years of apprenticeship he went to work at his trade, and followed
it for fourteen years, or until he was twenty-eight years of age.

In 1875 Mr. Christensen decided to seek his fortune in the new
world, so bidding farewell to his home and friends he set sail for
New York. From that city he went directly to Wisconsin, the mid-
dle west at that time being the principal destination of the Scandi-
navian newcomers, but he remained in the Badger state only about
a year. Hearing of the opportunities for skilled artisans in the Bay
cities, he came westward and settled in x-^lameda. He immediately
found ample opportunity to ply his trade of cabinet-maker, and with-
in a comparatively short time he became a contractor and builder
on his own account. His business grew rapidly, and as proof of his
industry and success it may be stated that many of the finest residences
in Alameda and also business houses and schoolhouses were erected
under his personal supervision. He employed a large number of
nuMi in the execution of his contracts, and bv his honesty and integ-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 231

rity and his straightforward dealing, he won the confidence of the
people of the city.

His prominence in business also brought him into the local
political limelight. He was a pronounced republican and sturdily
upheld his party's principles in and out of season. He was a valued
member of the city council and was serving his second term when he
died. Mr. Christensen also was prominent in fraternal circles, being
affiliated with the following ocders : Oak. Grove Lodge, F. & A. M. ;
Alameda Chapter, R. A. M., of which he was past high priest; Oak-
land Commandery, No. ii, K. T. ; Encinal Lodge of the Independ-
ent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he was a past grand, having
been identified with that order for more than thirty years; and Ala-
meda Lodge, Loyal Order of the Moose.

On October 4, 1878, soon after his arrival in California, Mr.
Christensen was united in marriage with Miss Marie Nielson. They
were married in Alameda and there established their home. Mrs.
Christensen is also a native of Denmark and came to California as
a young girl. Her father was a prosperous builder in his native
land. To this union were born two sons: George W., now deputy
city clerk of Alameda, and William P., a machinist and stationary
engineer.

Mrs. Christensen has for many years been a member of the
Eastern Star and Rebekah lodges. She has held numerous ofiices in
both orders and has been made the recipient of high honors. In
October, 1910, she was chosen as the member from her Rebekah
lodge to receive the Chivalry degree, which was conferred by the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows at their convention held at Santa
Anna that year.

No higher compliment can be paid the memory of Mr. Christen-
sen than to quote the resolutions passed by the city council of Ala-
meda at the time of his demise, which are as follows:

IN MEMORIAM.

Whereas, It has pleased Almighty God to take from our midst the
HoxoR.MU.E Piter Christexsex,
who has faithfully served the city of Alameda as a member of this
Council for the past five years, giving ungrudgingly of his time anel
abilitv in both an official and unofficial capacity.

Resolved, That in the untimely death of Peter Christensen, the
citv of Alameda has lost a tried and faithful public official, the

232 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUXTY

City Council a wise, true and upright advisor and the community an
honored and public-spirited citizen.

Resolved further, As a mark of respect to the memory of
Peter Christexsex
that the flags on all public buildings be placed at half-mast until after
the funeral of the deceased, that the entrance to the City Hall be
draped for a period of thirty days, that a copy of these resolutions be
sent to the family of the deceased and also spread on the minutes
of this body and as a further token of respect that this council do
now adjourn.

Adopted and passed by the Council of the City of Alameda, this
23rd day of February, 191 2. E. B. BULLOCK,

Presiding Officer of the Council.
Attest: F. E. Bruwxixg. City Clerk.

Presented to and approved by me this 23d day of February,
191 2. W. H. Nov, Mayor of Alameda.

OLIVER D. HAMLIN, M. D.

One of the most prominent members of the medical profession
in Alameda county and one who has risen to the place of importance
which he now occupies through his own energy, industry and ability
is Dr. Oliver D. Hamlin, who for more than twenty years has
practiced his profession in the city of Oakland. He was born in
Alameda county, April 21, 1870, and is a son of Oliver Hamlin, both
his father and mother having been numbered among the pioneers
of California who came to the coast in 1849 by way of the Isthmus
of Panama.

Dr. Hamlin acquired his preliminary education in the public
schools of Alameda county and later attended Santa Clara College,
taking a general course and graduating in 1890. In the following
year he entered the Cooper Medical College of San Francisco and
received the degree of M. D. from that institution in 1894. January
I, 1895, almost immediately upon leaving college, he engaged in
active practice, his first connection being that of resident physician,
under Dr. Woolsey, at the Southern Pacific Hospital. He showed
marked ability and a decided liking for his duties and from the very
beginning preferred surgery to ordinary practice. Now, after his
years of experience, he finds it possible to devote almost his entire
time to that branch of professional work and is considered one of

DR. OLIVER n. HAMUX

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 235

the foremost surgeons on the Pacific coast. He began as assistant in
the Receiving Hospital and was later appointed chief division sur-
geon of the Southern Pacific Company. He is consulting surgeon of
the Providence and Merritt Hospitals and for a number of years
acted as surgeon of the Deaf, Dumb and Blind Institution of Berk-
eley. He was for six years president of the Oakland board of health,
although his membership in that body covered a period of eight
years.

Dr. Hamlin is professor of surgery in the Oakland College of
Medicine and Surgery and chief surgeon of the Alameda County
Emergency Hospital. Aside from his professional labors he has
prepared many papers on surgical subjects which have been pub-
lished in the leading medical journals and read at numerous meet-
ings of the local societies. For the years 1912 and 191 3 Dr. Hamlin
was honored with the office of president of the California State Med-
ical Society, which demonstrates the high esteem in which he is
held by his many professional associates. He is past president of the
Alameda County Medical Society, past president of the Alumni
Association of Cooper Medical College, and past president of the
Pacific Coast Association of Railroad Surgeons.

Dr. Hamlin married Miss Elizabeth McMahon, of San Mateo,
California, and they have become the parents of a son, Oliver D., Jr.,
who is attending the University of California. The doctor is promi-
nent in fraternal circles, being a member of the Benevolent Protect-
ive Order of Elks, the Nile, the Athenians, and the Claremont Coun-
try Clubs of Oakland, and the Bohemian Club of San Francisco. He
keeps in close touch with the most advanced medical thought through
constant reading and research, is thoroughly devoted to the interests
of his patients and adheres steadfastly to the highest standards of
professional ethics. Those who know him personally find him a
genial and courteous gentleman and value his friendship most highly.

WALTER JOSEPH PETERSEN.

The present chief of police of Oakland is Walter Joseph Peter-
sen, who for many years has been connected with that department.
He is a highly trained, well informed, courteous officer, who is
eminently fitted for the important position which he holds. He
comes of Norwegian stock and was born in Jersey City, New Jersey,
on March 14, 1868, and is a son of Captain Henry U. K. and Amelia

2;56 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

(Bergner) Petersen. The father was born in Porsgrund, Norway,
and early in life took up seafaring as his profession. He rose through
the ranks and later became captain, having charge of several ocean
liners in the course of his career. He came to Oakland in 1871 and
from this port operated his own vessels up and down the coast, con-
ducting excursions between San Diego and Mexico. Both he and
his wife have passed away. In their family were five children, of
whom Francis and Laurette are deceased; Fred, another brother
of our subject, is an expert accountant, employed in the office of the
auditor of Alameda county.

Walter J. Petersen came to California in his early youth, attend-
ing the public schools in this state until he was thirteen years of age,
when he became a student in the California Military Academy, in
which institution he remained until sixteen years of age. He then
went to sea, as was the tradition of his family, entering the employ
of N. Bichard & Company of San Francisco, his first voyage being
on the bark Montana, on which he shipped as a cabin bov. The
voyage was to China and Australia, and he soon worked up to the
position of third mate. After two years on that line he entered the
service of the Dispatch line, with which he remained as officer for
seven months. He subsequently associated himself with his father
in making excursions between San Diego and Mexico and continued
so until 1894, when he became a carrier and later superintendent in
the Oakland postoffice and so remained for about four years. At the
end of that time he became a patrolman on the Oakland police force
and on January 12, 1898, was promoted to the rank of sergeant. On
June 7, 1899, he was made captain of police and in October, 1907,
became captain of detectives. He showed himself well adapted for
this work and so ably handled all cases intrusted to him that on June
I, 191 I, he was promoted captain of inspectors and on September 5,
1912. became chief of police, the duties of this office beginning on
October i. In regard to his activities as captain of detectives a for-
mer writer said :

"When Captain Petersen assumed his duties he took hold of the
office with the firm resolution of keeping the detective bureau up to
a high standard of efficiency. During his administration some of
the most important and intricate criminal cases in the history
of the country have come under his supervision. He has been called
upon to untangle some very knotty problems and there are not many
instances wherein he has failed to do so. His wide experience among
all classes of people has given him an exceptional opportunity to
studv human nature. He is not often wrong in weighing people's

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 237

motives, their weaknesses or their worth and generally has been able
to extract the truth from the evidence before him."

On October 20, 1887, Chief Petersen married Florence B. Fisher,
and they have three children : Ulric K., who is twenty-four years of
age and is foreman of the electric shops of the P. P. I. Railroad at
Beaverton, Oregon; Cedric W., twenty-three years old, who is an
attorney for the First National Bank and resides at Pleasanton; and
Roderick Paul, who is six and a half years of age.

Mr. Petersen is a progressive republican and is interested in pub-
lic affairs, but is not in any sense a politician. He stands, however,
for everything that is of value to the city and gives his ready support
to movements which have for their purpose the advancement of the
community. Fraternally he is a thirty-second degree Mason of the
Scottish Rite and a Shriner, is grand master of the Ancient Order
of United Workmen and belongs to the Woodmen of the World. His
religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church, and he belongs to
the Oakland Commercial Club and the Chamber of Commerce,
being thoroughly in sympathy with the purposes of these organiza-
tions. He is a useful and valued citizen, and his appointment to the
position of chief of police has met with the ready approval of all of
the residents of Oakland.

WILLIAM RANDALL ALBERGER.

William Randall Alberger, a man of action rather than of theory,
and yet a man whose plans are carefully formulated before being
promptly executed, is now traffic manager of the Tonopah & Tide-
water Railroad and vice president of the San Francisco-Oakland
Terminal Railway. He occupies a central place on the stage of
activity in connection with western traffic. He is both forceful and
resourceful; recognizes possibilities and utilizes them; plans out big
things and accomplishes them. He was born in Bufifalo, New York,
October 4, i860, and is a son of William Clendenin and Frances
Augusta Alberger. The father, also a native of Bufifalo, was born
in 1S36, attended the public schools and during the Civil war served
with the Forty-ninth New York Infantry, becoming lieutenant
colonel. He was mustered out in 1865 and turned his attention to
railroad building and operation, being thus engaged in various places
until 1885, when he came to Oakland. Here he practiced civil engi-
neering until IQ04, when he removed to San Francisco, wliere he

238 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

continues actively in his chosen profession. He was married in
Buffalo, New York, on the 12th of January, 1858, to Frances Augusta
Tyron, and unto them were born five children: William R. ; Ida W.
Severin, of San Francisco; diaries R. ; Mrs. J. E. Dorry, of Detroit,
and one who has passed away.

The stability of the east and the enterprise of the west combine
in W. R. Alberger and have made him one of the giants in the west-
ern traflic world. At an early day he heard and heeded the call of
the business life. He did not even pursue a high-school course, but
entered at once into the world's activities and has learned his lessons
in the school of experience, where he has been a most apt pupil.
However, following his removal westward he was persuaded to enter
\\'illiam Jewell College at Liberty, Missouri, where he took a spe-
cial course.

His identification with railway interests dates from the early
'70s. and he has been connected with every department, save the
treasury department. In early life he was employed by the Hannibal
& St. Joseph Railway Company, in which connection he passed suc-
cessively through the positions of yard weighmaster, division store-
keeper and division superintendent's clerk. In 1881 he entered the
auditing department of the Santa Fc at Lawrence, Kansas, where he
remained for a longer period than in any other position, for his
promotions have come with rapidity, inducing many changes. On
leaving Lawrence he went to Ottawa, Kansas, where he was con-
nected wdth the mechanical and stores departments. In 1885 he
arrived in California and served first as freight and afterward as
passenger agent at San Jose, representing the Santa Fe. He was also
traveling freight and passenger agent at large and afterward excur-
sion agent and general agent of the Santa Fe Fruit and Refrigerator
line. He next became chief clerk to the assistant traflic manager,
was subsequently foreign freight agent and eventually general agent
at San Francisco. He was appointed to the last named position just
three days before the great fire. He passed that period which tried
men's souls and tested the mettle whereof they were made. The duties
of that position were not the onlv ones that devolved upon him at
that momentous period, for only a month before he had been placed
at the head of the Transportation Club and its quarters, too, were
destroyed in the widespread conflagration. In July, 1906, Mr. Alber-
ger became connected with the railway interests controlled by F. M.
Smith and has so continued to the present time.

The Time Card, a trade journal, says: *'He has seen railroads
grow from small, poorly ecjuipped and poorly operated properties

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 239

to the perfect systems of today. He has seen traffic-getting and rate-
making in all its phases. He has been through hard times, panics,
receiverships and paydays delayed four months. He has seen club
members develop from minor positions to general agents and higher
places. This experience has molded and made of Alberger the com-
posite all around railroad and business man that he is, and won the
higher regard of all those who have ever been associated with him.
Alberger's word and judgment are law with those who know of his
ability and achievements." Aside from being traffic manager of the
Tonopah & Tidewater Railroad in Nevada, Mr. Alberger continues
as vice president of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railway
Companv. Again we quote from the Time Card : "Alberger is
largely responsible for the vast improvements in docks, extensions,
yards and general facilities planned by the big Key Route System,
which will involve many millions and serve to focus the eves of the
world on California. Alberger's has been a busy life. Even in his
cradle he was planning big deals, and his tireless capacity for work
is the marvel of his confreres. He tackles each problem with a fresh
mind and a keen zest, moving in an incisive way, and grappling with
complex issues as easily as with the simplest, apparently. He is a
born railroad man and organizer, and his life is so systematized that
even in his career as president and vice president of the Transporta-
tion Club, he had in short order perfected it into a working, resultful
band of hustling committeemen. That is Alberger's way. His ex-
ample is inspiring."

There are interests which claim Mr. Alberger's attention aside
from business, and not the least of these are his home and family.
He was married in Ottawa, Kansas, December 27, 1884, to Miss Ala-
meda Frances Stephens, and they have a daughter, now Mrs. Anna
A. Stanlev, of Portland, Oregon. His social nature finds expression
in his membership in various clubs. He belongs to the Oakland
Commercial Club, the Athenian Club, the Jonathan Club, of Los
Angeles; the Drug and Chemical Club, of New York, and the Ma-
sonic lodge. He is likewise a member of the Loyal Legion. His
greatest activity in the field of clubdom has perhaps been in connec-
tion with the Transportation Club of San Francisco, of which he is
a most earnest member. He was chosen vice president in 1906 and
through the two succeeding years served as its president. Another
biographer has said, in speaking of him in connection with the
Transportation Club: "Alberger is first in the alphabet — and first
in the hearts of his fellow club members — and as one of the pillars
of 'Borax' Smith's gigantic interests he is one of the men wiio control

240 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

tlie destinies of the Pacific slope. During his term as vice president
in 1906 and as president in 1907 and 1908 he saw some critical times
in its history. He is a ready speaker, always has a message of import,
is witty and humorous, and always loaded with facts and good stories
to make them more palatable and convincing.

"Always agreeable and afifable, he takes a pride in watching the
men who have grown up under his care or purview reach positions
of prominence. His friends make a line from coast to coast and from
the gulf to the great lakes. They know Alberger up in Alaska, and
in the British inner financial and commercial circles they know him
as one of the potential men of the Pacific coast — the theater of com-
mercial progress just now." Mr. Alberger is also a member of the
American Association of Freight and Traffic OiTicers. Like many
active men of the present age, Mr. Alberger does not scorn politics
as something unworthy of his notice. He is a republican and there
is no vital question relating to the party, its policy and its progress
with which he is not acquainted, nor are his religious duties neg-
lected, his membership being in the Episcopal church, to which he
is a generous contributor. The best thing to be said in the history of
W. R. Alberger is that he is still up and doing and to the activities
of the past will be added the accomplishments of the future, for in
his present railway connections there devolves upon him the respon-
sibility of carrying out the gigantic plans of railway construction
and development which will mean so much to the future of Cali-
fornia. His intellect, his energy and his executive ability, com-
bined with his technical knowledge, are concentrated upon projects
relative to the improvement of the harbor and transportation plans.
He can turn with ease to greet a friend and with equal readiness
take up the big projects which claim his attention. It is this concen-
tration upon the duty or interest of the moment that constitutes one
of the salient features of his remarkably successful and resultant
career.

JOHN A. COLE, D. C.

Dr. John A. Cole is now successfully engaged in chiropractic in
Oakland, California, having embraced this science after many vears
of careful study and after having reached the conclusion that it is
the method by which health may be restored in practically all cases
heretofore treated bv the drug and surgical method.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY -241

Dr. Cole was born in Barry county, Michigan, November lo,
i860, and after receiving his education in the district schools re-
mained on the parental farm until 1882. At the age of twenty-two
medical men declared that his life could not be prolonged a great
while, and he therefore decided to devote the years which were left
to him to the study of and search for health. His travels in this
quest led him to all parts of western United States and he remained
in Missouri for a short time before returning to his Michigan home.
The latter part of the year 1SS2 and the year 1883 Dr. Cole devoted
to the study of medicine under a brother-in-law, who was located
in Kent county, Michigan. He later completed a business course in
Professor Parson's Business College at Kalamazoo, but in 1892 went
to Valley City, North Dakota, where he was engaged in telephone
work. In 1901 he was engaged in the same line of work in Lewiston,
Idaho, but during all these years gave most of his attention to the
state of his health. He studied the various methods of drugless cures
for diseases and in the spring of 1902 returned to North Dakota,
where he remained for two years. In 1904 he went to Reno, Nevada,
and lived in the mountains for four years, conducting experiments
with nature cures, and continuing his studies, also cooperating for
a part of that time with Dr. J. P. Bean and becoming more and more
convinced of the value of drugless methods for the cure of disease.
In the fall of 1907 Dr. Cole located in the mountains, returning to
California, where he built a cabin, studying nature and successfully
demonstrating to himself a nature cure and studying Professor Bab-
bit's philosophy of light and color. In February, 19 10, he took an
eastern trip and remained in that section of the country until June,
when he went to Davenport. Iowa, and after a thorough investiga-
tion enrolled in the Palmer Sch(H)l of Chiropractic, chiropratic's
fountain head.

To better understand the full meaning of this treatment and its
import we quote what Dr. Palmer says himself as to chiropractic:
"Chiropractic is the knowledge (not theory or belief) of philosophy
of cause of disease, the science of knowing how and the art or ability
to adjust it. The human brain is the dynamo where life currents are
concentrated. The spinal cord and nerves are the purveyor of
this mental force. If brain absorbs, spinal cord conveys, nerves
transmit, and tissues, organs and viscera receive this life current.
Health is the product. Body plus life equals health. Body minus
life equals death. Disease is the abnormal fluctuation between these
two quantities caused by varying degrees of pressures upon nerves,
interfering with transmission. A chiropractor knows win. where

242 HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY

and how to remove the 'pressure' and permit currents to continue
transmission for the purpose of reconstructing disease to health.
Health is the restoration of currents — not the stimulation or dinumi-
tion of how little does exist. Stop taking drugs; they are unneces-
sary. Avoid the knife; it is useless in ninety-five per cent of cases.
If sick, no matter what or where your ailment (mild or severe),
investigate. We can prove that chiropractic is right and applicable
to your case. Consultation and spinal analysis free."

In September, 191 1, Dr. Cole completed his studies. He came
to Oakland about November ist, 191 1, and engaged as a practitioner,
having ever since continued therein. Many have come to him, and
he has seldom failed to obtain results by applying his method. Being
himself an example of nature's cure of disease he can more readily
understand his patients and has a sympathetic understanding of their
ailments. He has adjusted many complicated cases where the patients
themselves had despaired of ever regaining health, but soon those
v\'ho intrusted themselves to his able hands found to their own aston-
ishment that a turn for the better had set in and soon they were on the
high road to recovery.

Dr. Cole is politically independent, preferring to follow his
own judgment and supporting those candidates whom he considers of
greatest value to the public without taking cognizance of their partv
affiliation. For twenty-eight years he has been a member of Unity
Lodge, No. 407, I. O. O. F., of Kalamazoo, Michigan. Within but
a few vears chiropractic has come to the fore in a most remarkable
way, and it is nKire and more accepted by the general public.

GEORGE E. DE GOLIA.

Investigation into the business, political and legal history of
Alameda county indicates the prominence of George E. De Golia,
whose position is one of honor and distinction. Energy and perse-
verance, keen mentality, clear insight, laudable ambition and strong
purpose have carried him tt) his present position. His is the record
of a man whom California is proud to claim as a native son, and
he was born in Hangtown, now Placerville, on the 3d of May, 1857,
his parents being Darwin and Lavinia (Baldwin) De Golia. His
father was one of the early gold seekers, coming to California in
1849. As the \ears passed on he won place among the influential
citizens of Placerville and for years was proprietor of the Placer-

(:kok(;k kllis dk golia

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTV 245

ville Republican., In community affairs he exerted a wide and
beneficial influence, and his name is inscribed deeply on the pages
of the history of El Dorado county and Placerville, in which city
he made his home until 1873, when he moved to Oakland so that his
children could attend the State University.

After attending the grammar and high schools of Placerville,
George E. De Golia became a student in the Universitv of Cali-
fornia, from which he was graduated in June, 1877, with the degree
of Bachelor of Philosophy. His early environment had to do with
the rugged conditions of pioneer times, when California was the
home of gold seekers, manv of whom were adventurers — men with-
out principle, caring for naught save the gold which they might
secure, honestly or otherwise. Among all these, however, was a
little percentage of substantial citizens, who laid the foundation for
the present prosperity and progress of this great commonwealth. In
preparation for the practice of law George E. De Golia began
reading in the oflice of Vrooman & Davis, the senior partner being
recognized as a most brilliant member of the bar and an influential
republican, occupying a position of leadership in political ranks for
many years. Through this association he became well acquainted
with Leland Stanford, John F. Swift, Stephen T. Gage, Governor
Henry T. Gage, Edson Adams, Henry Carpentier and many other
well known citizens of Alameda county and the state. On the retire-
ment of Mr. Vrooman from politics Mr. De Golia became the repub-
lican leader in Alameda county.

In the meantime, in his early manhood, after completing his
preliminarv reading, Mr. De Golia was admitted to practice upon
e-xamination before the supreme court of California, November 10,
1879, and was admitted to practice before the United States district
courts, August 24, 1888, the United States circuit court. May 22,
1889, and the United States supreme court, October 1 1, 1904. After
he began his professional career he became associated with Henry
Vrooman and so continued until the latter's death in 1889, the part-
nership between them being thus terminated. Since then he has
practiced alone and has won for himself a foremost position as a
representative of tlie bar. The consensus of public opinion places
him in a position of leadership among the distinguished lawyers
of the state. He is the representative of a number of large cor-
porations and of many of these is a director. The number includes:
the Bank of Germany, the Fresno Cactus Nursery Company and the
Montana Smelting Comp^'iv, of all of which he is a director. The
Theo Gier Corporation; tiie .Meeker Land Company; and a number

246 HISTORY OF .\LAMEDA COUNTY

of mining companies. Mr. De Golia, while. having financial inter-
ests in many of these important industrial, commercial and financial
enterprises, displaying sound judgment as a factor in their control,
regards his law practice as his real life work, and his comprehensive
study of the science of the profession and his familiarity with
precedent and principle have gained him the distinguished honors
tvhich have deservedly come to him.

On the 23d of June, 1883, Mr. De Golia was united in marriage
to Miss Carrie B. Rabe, and both are well known in social circles
of Oakland. Mrs. De Golia is a daughter of William Rabe, an
early settler of San Francisco, who with other influential citizens
was sent to Washington to aid in influencing the support of a bill
to assist the building of the railroads over the mountains to connect
with California. Mr. and Mrs. De Golia have two children, George
E. and Mrs. Challen R. Parker, both of Oakland. Throughout his
entire professional career Mr. De Golia has taken active interest, as
previouslv indicated, in the political situation and has long been a
potent force in molding public thought and action in this section
of the state. He was assistant district attorney of Alameda county
from 1883 until 1889, his record in this position indicating not only
his legal abilitv but his marked public spirit. For a number of
vears, beginning in the latter part of the '80s and extending through
more than a decade, he controlled republican activity, dictating the
policies of the party with an understanding that rose from compre-
hensive study of the situation as well as keen insight into the great
state and national issues. Toward the close of the century, how-
ever, he gave up his political activity to devote himself entirely to
his legal interests, which were of growing extent and importance.
During his entire career he has accepted no office for himself except
that of assistant district attorney under Judge Sam T. Hall from
1883 until 1889.

Mr. De Golia has been very prominent also in promoting social
and fraternal interests of county and state. He organized the local
lodge of Elks, was honored with the position of exalted ruler and
is now president of the Elks Hall Association. He induced the
order to purchase its present location at a cost of forty-five thousand
dollars, a property which is now worth many times that amount. He
gave two years of his time to the interests of Elkdom in California.
He worked for the clean and wholesome interests of the organization
and succeeded in phuing it in California on the high plane which it
occupies today. He caused the old Elk Lodge of San Francisco to
lose its charter, and the lodge was reorganized on a basis that every

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 247

where commands respect. For three years at intervals he was dis-
trict deputy of the Elks. He was also one of the organizers and
directors of the Claremont Country Club and aided in selecting the
site of its present building. He was a charter member and the first
secretary of the Athenians, and in Masonry he has attained the
Knight Templar degree and is a member of the Mystic Shrine. He
greatly enjoys outdoor life and all manly athletic sports, finding
recreation and pleasure in tennis and golf especially. In every rela-
tion of life and in every activity he is strong and purposeful. His
interests have been wide and varied and have largely been of a
character that has contributed to public progress. What he has
accomplished has worked for the benefit of the community and for
public welfare, and he stands as a splendid representative of that
profession wliich the public has rightfully come to regard as the
conservator of the life and liberties and the rights of the individual
and the community.

WILLIAM M. MENDENHALL.

The last word in one of the most momentous chapters in the his-
tory of California was written on November 21, 191 1, when William
M. Mendenhall, only survivor of the original Bear Flag party and
one of the earliest settlers in Alameda county, passed away. He was
a conspicuous figure in the early settlement of this part of the state
and a leader in its later development, a man of such loyal and reso-
lute faith in his adopted region that after his arrival here on Christ-
mas Eve, 1845, he never again turned his steps eastward. Through-
out a life of important accomplishment, closely connected with some
of the most representative industries in the state, Mr. Mendenhall
adhered steadily to high and worthy ideals, and his death deprived
California of one of her honored and valued citizens and one of her
earliest and greatest pioneers.

William M. Mendenhall was born in Xenia, Ohio, April 22,
1823, and spent his youth and early manhood in the east. In July,
1845, he and nine others met at Independence, Missouri, laid in a
supply of food and with horses and mules started across the plains to
California. After an eventful journey, during which they encoun-
tered many hardships and obstacles, including trouble with the In-
dians, the party arrived safely at American river, California, reach-
ing this point on Christmas Eve. Mr. Mendenhall first worked in

248 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

the lumber mills in the Moroga red woods in Alameda county, con-
tinuing thus until the troublous conditions throughout the state made
it necessary for him to take refuge at Sutter's Fort, where a large
party of Americans had gathered for protection. When the Bear
Flag was raised in June, 1846, Colonel John C. Fremont, then on his
way to Oregon, was informed of the conditions in California and
immediately returned. He was soon afterward joined at Fort So-
noma by a small company, of which Mr. Mendenhall was a member.
In the meantime a man-of-war had been sent by the federal -govern-
ment to San Francisco Bay with the stars and stripes at the masthead.
The war craft brought an American flag to Sutter's Fort and as the
Bear Flag was hauled down and the national colors run up the little
band in the garrison saluted it with cheers and at once began plans to
place the whole state under the sovereignty of the American common-
wealth. General Fremont, at the head of one hundred and seventy
men, started to take the state by march, going through to San Diego
and wresting control from the Spaniards without the loss of a man.
Mr. Mendenhall was a member of that historic party and witnessed
the stirring events which gave California to the United States. Fol-
lowing the close of hostilities he engaged in business in San Francisco
and after his marriage, in 1847, lived in Santa Clara county, where
he raised stock on an extensive scale. In 1853 he disposed of all his
interests there and went to Contra Costa county, where he operated
a stock ranch for fifteen years. At the end of that time he purchased
twelve hundred acres of land on the present site of Livermore, subse-
quently selling all but four hundred and eighty acres, upon which
are situated the celebrated springs known as Mendeniiall Springs,
where there was for years a popular health resort.

Mr. Mendenhall was the founder of the town of Livermore,
which stands upon a tract of land which he formerly owned. In 1869
he laid out the town site on a six hundred acre tract, gave the grounds
for schools and all public utilities, roads, etc. He erected Livermore
College on seven acres of land and maintained the institution from
his private means for several vears, during which time his interests
extended also to many other fields of public and social development.
With a faith that never wavered he watched the growth and prog-
ress of his city, leading in all measures to promote its material and
moral advancement, cooperating heartily in all progressive public
projects and making the weight of his influence a potent force in
growth. He did capable and farsighted work in various positions
of public trust and responsibility, making an enviable record during
the eight vears of his service as town trustee of Livermore. Tn the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 249

city which he founded he built a beautiful nine thousand dollar
home and there resided until his death, which occurred November
21, 191 1.

In Santa Clara county, in 1S47, Mr. Mendenliall was united
in marriage to Miss Mary Allen, who had crossed the plains with
her parents in the previous year, her father, David Allen, being a
pioneer settler of California. Mr. and Mrs. Mendenhall were the
first American couple to be married south of the Sacramento river.
They became the parents of nine children: James M. ; Elizabeth,
the wife of Curtis H. Lindley of San Francisco; Emma, who married
James N. Block of the same city; Ella, now Mrs. G. \V. Langan of
Oakland; David A.; William W. ; Oswald V.; Etta, who married
Fred A. Carrick; and Asa V.

Mr. Mendenhall was a democrat in his political views and
always a stanch supporter of the principles and policies of that
party. In the early days he was a member of the Vigilante committee
of Contra Costa county and belonged to the Society of California
Pioneers. He was a splendid representative of those brave and hardy
men who faced the dangers and privations of life on the frontier,
whose energies and indomitable purpose aided in the building up of
a great commonwealth and whose dauntless spirit lives today in the
works thev have left behind.

VICTOR REITER.

Victor Reiter, the popular manager of the Hotel Oakland of
Oakland, has had an interesting career, connecting him with two
continents. He was born in the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, April
14, 1866. a son of Valentine and Annie L. (Leyers) Reiter. His
father was born and educated there in the public schools and the
gvmnasium. Subsequently he devoted himself to general mercantile
pursuits. He died in his native country.

\Mctor Reiter attended the grammar schools and the gymnasium
in Luxeniburg until sixteen years of age. He then went to Versailles,
France, where lie entered the Eyceiun, from which he graduated at
the age of nineteen. At the end of that period he went to Pari.-, con-
necting himself with his cousin, who nwncd the Peter Hotel, in order
to learn the business. He remained with him until iS8g, when he
had charge of the Palais de rAlimentation at tiie Paris Exposition of
that vear. Seeking new fields to coiujuer, Mr. Reiter then came to

250 HISTORY' OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

New York city, where he managed the outside catering department
of the Dehnonico until 1891 and then made his way to San Francisco,
becoming assistant manager of the Palace and Fairmont Hotels.
He so continued until June, 19 13, when he accepted the position of
manager of Hotel Oakland. Mr. Reiter is very popular and
thoroughly conversant with all the details of hotel and restaurant
business. His connection with some of the foremost institutions of
that kind in the world well fits him for his present position. Although
he has been in charge of the Hotel Oakland but a year, marked
improvements have taken place since he has become the head of the
establishment.

On the 14th of November, 1896, Mr. Reiter married, in San
Francisco, Miss Augusta Pages, and they have one son, Victor Pages,
ten years of age, who is attending school. Although Mr. Reiter is
not active politically, he takes part in all public movements under-
taken in the interest of the city. He displays marked energv and
determination in his business affairs and has succeeded in life because
of persistent, energetic and honorable efifort.

FRANK W. FROST.

Frank W. Frost holds important offices with a number of trans-
portation and public utility companies, being particularly known
in connection with the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railway,
of which he is assistant secretary and assistant treasurer. He was born
in San Francisco, California, April 29, 1867, and is a son of Horatio
and Mary Frost, the former born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire,
in October, 1821. The father was educated there and later went to
Boston, Massachusetts, where he was engaged in painting and con-
tracting until the spring of 1850. Being attracted to San Francisco
by the stories of great riches which were to be gained in California,
he made his way to the Golden Gate via the Isthmus of Panama and
engaged in mining at Placerville until 1852. He then returned to
San Francisco and again devoted himself to painting and contracting,
being very successful along that line of business until he retired in
1887. He was actively interested in the vigilantes movement. He
died in 1889. He was a charter member and one of the founders of
the Mechanic's Institute of San Francisco. His political allegiance
was given to the republican party, and his religious faith was that of
the Unitarian denomination. He was one of the founders of Star

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 251

King church and was deeply interested in its work. Mr. Frost, Sr..
married in San Francisco Miss Mary L. Wadhams. They had three
children : Charles H., Frank W. and Horatio T.

Frank W. Frost attended the public schools until seventeen years
of age, when he entered upon his active career, becoming an office
boy with Sullivan & Ravekes, wholesale paint and oil dealers. He
subsequently was shipping clerk for this firm, remaining with them
for four years. He then held a similar position with the Overland
Packing Company for three years. Resigning this position, he was,
until 1893, teller in the money order department of the San Francisco
postoffice and then removed to Oakland, accepting a position as
receiving teller and assistant secretary for the Oakland Consolidated
Street Railway Company. He remained as such until the latter
company consolidated with the Alameda, Oakland & Piedmont Elec-
tric Railway and the Central Avenue Railway under the name of
Oakland Transit Company on March 21st, 1898. Mr. Frost became
assistant secretary, remaining in this position until 1910. when he was
elected secretary, which office he held until March 21, 1912, when
this firm consolidated with the East Shore & Suburban Railway
Company and the California Railway, the new company becoming
the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railway, of which Mr. Frost
became secretary and treasurer, retaining these offices until January,
1 9 14, when the property was taken over by other interests, he being
given the offices of assistant secretary and assistant treasurer. He has
since held these important positions and is one of the important
factors in the successful operation of this road. His long and varied
experience* makes him valuable to his company, and he is recognized
as one of the most expert men in transportation matters on the coast.
He is also secretary and treasurer of the Union Water Company, sec-
retary of the United Properties Company, secretary of the United
Light & Power Company, secretary of the Oakland Railways and
secretary of the Oakland Terminal Company.

On the 26th of February, 1895, ^^^- Frost married Aletta Garret-
son, and to them were born three children: Harlan G., eighteen
years of age, who is attending high school; Dudley, fourteen, and
Phyllis, both attending the public schools. Mr. Frost is a member
of the Transportation Club of San Francisco and the Oakland Com-
mercial Club. He is deeply interested in the growth and trade
progress of his city and county and stands in the front ranks with
those men who have at heart the expansion and advancement of their
city. Politically he is a republican, and his religious adherence is
given to the I7nitarian church. He is connected fraternally with the

252 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Woodmen of the World and is very popular in social circles of his
city. As a business man he ranks high and, while he has attained
individual success, he has also been a factor in the upbuilding of
Oakland.

SUSAN J. FENTON, .M. D.

Among the prominent women physicians of the state of California
is Dr. Susan J. Fcnton, of Oakland, who for many years has prac-
ticed in this city with ever increasing success, being accorded an
extensive practice. She has also always taken a deep interest in
the public welfare and in charitable work and has done much
toward promoting the health of children and the sanitary condi-
tions under which they live, being fully cognizant of the importance
of giving to the coming generation the best possible chance in life
She is deeplv interested in civic improvement of anv kind and in
that line is connected with a number of effective organizations which
make it their aim to improve the government and remedy antiquated
measures or bring to a realization new proposals, the wisdom of
which cannot be so quickly discerned by the general public as it is
recognized by those who make a particular study of the needs of the
people.

Dr. Fenton is a native of Pennsylvania and came to California in
1874, graduating in medicine from Hahnemann Hospital College
of San Francisco in 1889. She had, however, previously been in
Oakland, having served for one year on the staff of Fabiofa Hospital,
returning to the same institution after her graduation and remaining
for five years, at the end of that time opening an office on Fourteenth
street, Oakland, wiiere she remained for two years. Recognizing the
advantages of studying European methods, she then went, in [896,
to Berlin, Germany, there pursuing her studies under the most
famous surgeons of the capital. Ever since she returned she has
g'wcn herself to her extensive practice. Sympathetic of nature, she
inspires in her patients that confidence which means half a cure and
to many families has become more than the mere physician, being
considered the truest and most unselfish family friend. Dr. Fenton
is still a member of the staflf of Fabiola Hospital of Oakland. She
is a surgeon of fine ability and is probably the only woman in the
county proficient in the many branches of the science of surgery.
She specializes in gynecology and has operated extensively and most
successfully along that line.

HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY 255

Along professional lines the Doctor is a member of the California
State and Alameda County Medical Societies, taking a prominent
part in their meetings and keeping in touch with the latest discoveries
in the world of medical science through meeting her fellow workers.
She is also a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy.
She has taken a most helpful part in civic afifairs during her long resi-
dence here and is a director in the Associated Charities of Oakland.
She is also a member of the public welfare committee and president
of the Children's Welfare Club. She has always taken an active
part in all matters pertaining to the well-being of the children and
takes her memberships and offices most seriously, advocating meas-
ures which she deems beneficial and formulating new plans in order
to attain her ends. As a member of the Public Service Club she is
interested in and active in good government. The city of Oakland
has in an immeasurable degree profited by her labor, and Dr. Fenton
has therefore well earned the esteem and appreciation which is
accorded her. Essentially a practical woman, she is a physician of
more than average ability, natural talent and wide experience and
is also a public-spirited citizen, ever enlisting her powers and abili-
ties in support of movement that make for the betterment of con-
ditions.

BURG BROTHERS.

The city of Richmond finds progressive and enterprising repre-
sentatives of its business interests in C. H. and E. J. Burg, compris-
ing the Burg Brothers Company, Inc., controlling large and import-
ant real-estate interests in the vicinity. They are the largest real-
estate operators in Richmond, and their business has grown frt)m a
humble beginning to its present great proportions.

Both brothers are natives of Sweden and E. J. came to California
in 1884, C. H. following in 1889. They have been interested in the
real-estate business during practically all of their active careers and
in 1 901 began operations in Richmond. Five years later they formed
tile Bay City Land Company and in 1910 incorporated the Burg
Brothers Company. One of their first enterprises was the subdivid-
ing of the Richmond tract, the first subdivision in Richmond, and
since that time they have sold si.xtcen different tracts of land in and
about the city. In two years, ending August i, 1913. they disposed
of over two and a half million dollars worth of Richmond property,

256 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

and many of the most important subdivisions of the city have been
promoted and developed by them. In May, 1910, they put upon the
market the Central Richmond tract and by January eleven hundred
and fifty lots had been sold. Some of these were later resold at an
advance of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars over the original
price. On the 26th of March, iqi i, the Burg Brothers Company put
upon the market the Richmond Pulman townsite and up to March
I, 1913, held contracts for the sale of fourteen hundred and seventy-
five lots, the largest real-estate record ever made in Richmond. Thev
are the developers also of Grand View Terrace, a subdivision 111
which one thousand and seventy-three lots were sold within nine
mortths, and in November, 191 2, they purchased and put upon the
market the Nicholl McDonald Civic Center tract, paying five-
thousand dollars per acre for this propertv. Bv August t, 19 13, thev
had sold one thousand lots. Both are keen, resourceful and far-
sighted business men and under their able direction the firm has
become a powerful factor in the development of Richmond.

C. H. Burg is a member of the Masonic fraternity, holding mem-
bership in the lodge, chapter, commandery and shrine, and E. J.
is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Both
are members of the Richmond Industrial Commission and at all times
enthusiastic on the subject of the opportunities which this city ofifers.
They believe in its splendid future, which their well directed activi-
ties have aided in making possible.

DAVID HADDEN, M. D.

Dr. David Hadden has been successfully engaged in the practice
of medicine at Oakland for the past seven years and is widely recog-
nized as one of the able and representative members of the profes-
sion here. He was born in Ireland in 1875 and when a youth of
si.xteen came to Oakland, California, spending two years in the Oak-
land high school with the class of 1893, while subsequently he entered
the University of California, from which institution he was graduated
in 1897. Desiring to prepare for the practice of medicine, he then
matriculated in Cooper Medical College of San Francisco and in
189Q won the M. D. degree. He makes a specialty of gynecology and
for four vears acted as first clinical assistant in Cooper Medical
College, while he was also instructor of gynecology in that institu-
tion, remaining in tliat capacity for four years. For a period of five

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 257

years he practiced his profession in San Francisco, being in the marine
hospital service of that city for a time. In 1906 he opened offices in
Oakland and this city has since remained the scene of his profes-
sional labors. The liberal practice accorded him is proof of his skill
and ability in the field of his chosen vocation, and he is recognized
as a capable and successful physician and surgeon. He finds inspira-
tion for further study and research through his membership in the
Alameda County Medical Society, the California State Medical
Society, the American Medical Association and the American Asso-
ciation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians.

Dr. Hadden married Miss Edith Backus, whose father was a
California pioneer and the founder of the George H. Tay Company.
They have two sons, David Rodney and Malcolm Backus. Dr.
Hadden is a member of the University of California Club and is
well known and popular in social as well as professional circles.

CHARLES R. WELCH.

Charles R. Welch is one of the owners and general manager of
the James Taylor Company, Incorporated, who are engaged in the
undertaking business. They conduct one of the foremost establish-
ments of its kind in Oakland and have been in charge of some of
the imposing funerals in this city. Mr. Welch gives careful atten-
tion to all the details of this difficult work and discharges his duties
in connection with the business in such a quiet and dignified way that
he has built up a large patronage. He was born in Marion county,
Iowa, January 29, 1858, and is a son of W. T. and Nancy Ann
Welch.

Charles R. Welch attended the public schools until eighteen
years of age and then followed the profession of teaching for two
years. At the end of that time he matriculated in the State Agricul-
tural College at Manhattan, Kansas, remaining there for two terms
and again teaching for about two years before he removed to Garden
Plains, Kansas, where he successfully conducted a hardware business.
He also taught during the winter months, while his father-in-law
waited upon the customers at the store. Two years later Mr. Welch
went to Hutchinson, Kansas, where for one year he engaged in car-
pentering and contracting, and then removed to Salem, Oregon, being
attracted to the west by the large opportunities which he believed
existed on the Pacific coast. He continued in contracting there until

258 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTV

1899, in which year he turned his attention to the furniture and under-
taking business, being successful along both lines. He is a man of
executive ability, thoroughly acquainted with the most modern busi-
ness methods and therefore successful in his undertakings. At the
end of six years he gave up the furniture department, giving his entire
attention to the undertaking business in Salem until December. 191 2,
when he removed to Oakland to take charge of the James Tavlor
Company. He became a partner in the business in May. 191 2, and
has control of its afifairs.

In July, 1880, Mr. Welch was married in Burton, Kansas, to Miss
Flora Winches and they have three children: Ernest M., who is
thirty-three and is engaged in the furniture and hardware business
in Baker, Oregon; Chester E., twenty-seven years of age, who assists
his father in the management of the James Tavlor Company; and
Mildred K., attending high school.

Politically Mr. Welch is independent, giving his support to all
measures which he considers of the greatest benefit to the largest
number of people and supporting candidates according to their quali-
fications and not because of party affiliation. His religious faith is
that of a Protestant and he contributes generously to the local
churches. He is a progressive man who is careful of the interests
of others and has succeeded in life because he has always closely
applied himself to the business at liand. He follows the most honor-
able methods and is esteemed by all with whom he comes in contact
both in business and social circles, being well worthy of the confi-
dence and respect which he enjoys.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN PRICK.

Abraham Lincoln Prick, who is successfully engaged in the prac-
tice of law in Oakland, belongs to an old California family, his
father, George Washington Prick, having settled here many years
ago. He was a native of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and a
son of Abraham Prick, a descendant of early German settlers of
Pennsylvania. The paternal grandfather died in 1888 and his wife
some years earlier. In their family were eight children, six sons and
two daughters. The parents sought the opportunities of the middle
west, going to Illinois about 1839 and settling on a farm near Moline.
With them was George \\'asliington Prick, father of our subject.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 259

There he attended the district schools, supplementing his knowledge
by private study and subsequently taking a course in the Mount
Morris Seminary when he was about twenty years old. In Galena,
Illinois, in 1852, he married Mary Elizabeth Bryant, and before the
year was out the young couple started for California, being accom-
panied by Mrs. Prick's parents. Arriving in the Golden state in
1853, Mr. Frick taught school in Santa Cruz for two terms, at the
end of which time he removed to Centerville, Alameda countv, there
following the same profession. He was a republican of strong con-
victions and from the beginning took an active part in political affairs.
In 1857 he removed to Sonoma county, purchasing a ranch of one
hundred and twenty acres, to the cultivation of which he gave some
time, while during the winter months he taught in Bethel school.
In i860 he was the nominee for sheriff on his party's ticket but with-
drew before the election in favor of a union democrat, in order to
promote the chances of the union party, which was then formed
between the Douglas democrats and republicans. He was active in
the Union League movement and was elected president of the Bethel
Union League. Becoming more and more prominent in his party,
he was chosen chairman of the Sonoma county delegation to the state
convention in which George C. Gorham was selected as candidate
for governor. Twice Mr. Frick served as supervisor, being elected
in a county in which a democratic majority prevailed. This may be
taken as a testimonial of his integrity and the confidence which even
his political opponents had in his ability. For fifteen years he served
as a school trustee and was an officer in the Methodist Episcopal
church practically throughout his life.

In 1 871 he sold his interests near Petaluma and located in Men-
docino county, where he remained until 1874, when he made his home
in Santa Barbara county, identifying himself with the Lompoc Tem-
perance Colony, being one of the pioneers of that movement. He
kept the first general store in Lompoc and while holding the office
of school trustee there assisted in making possible the erection of the
five thousand dollar schoolhouse, which was erected within the first
year of the settlement. He also took great interest in building the
church for the Methodist Episcopal denomination. After selling his
store in Lompoc he bought a dairy ranch of one thousand acres in
San Miguelito canyon, about 1876, and three years later took up his
permanent residence thereon. He subsequently rented this propertv
and removed to Oakland in order to give his children better educa-
tional advantages. He died while on a visit to Lompoc, fulv 12.
i88q, at the age of si.\ty-four years, his wife having passed awav

260 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

May 3, 1884. She was a daughter of William Cowper Bryant, a
New Englander, who had removed to Illinois early in that state's
history, becoming a merchant of Galena. He made several trips to
California by way of Mexico and the Isthmus, and while crossing
the plains was shot by Indians, although he was not fatally wounded.
He turned his attention to the draying business in San Francisco and
while so occupied sustained injuries which crippled him for life.
His wife, Anna (Stcrret) Bryant, was of German extraction, deeply
interested in church and charitable work and known throughout the
state as "Mother Bryant." She lived to be about seventy years old
and had the respect of all who knew her. Two of her sons, John
and William, both became ministers. Mrs. Frick was president of
the Women's Christian Temperance Union of Lompoc at the time
of her death and always took part in movements for the upbuilding
and betterment of humanity along moral and intellectual lines. In
the family of George W. Frick were the following children : George
\^^, a well known educator of Alameda county; Laura A., who died
December 3, 1888; Abraham Lincoln, of this review; John Frederick,
who was born October 23, 1869, and is a lawyer; and Blanche, born
October 9, 1874.

Abraham L. Frick was born in Sonoma county, California, Feb-
ruary 21, 1866, and there attended the public schools until 1875, when
he went to Santa Barbara, where he completed his course and subse-
quently entered the high school, which he attended until the age of
eighteen. He then became a student of the San Jose high school,
in which institution he remained for six months, subsequently improv-
ing his knowledge by private study. His professional education was
acquired in Hastings College of the Law, from which he was grad-
uated, and in 1888 he was admitted to the bar by the supreme court.
He immediately established himself in practice in Oakland and has
remained in this city ever since, being connected with legal matters
in a private and public capacity. He served as deputy district
attorney under George Reed for two years and then became chief
deputy district attorney under Charles Snook, with whom he also
served for two years. On December 10, 1894, '""c was appointed
superior judge of Alameda county, filling the unexpired term of
Judge Henshaw. l^pon the bench he proved himself a man of highly
trained, judicial mind, rendering decisions which established him
firmly as a man deeply versed in the law. Mr. Frick now enjoys a
large and profitable practice, representing a number of important
interests of Oakland and Alameda county. He is a man of clear,
logical mind who readily grasps the salient points in any case and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 261

presents his arguments convincingly before court and jury. His serv-
ices are also sought as advisor, and he has a large consulting practice.
On May 21, 1896, Mr. Frick married Miss Matilda M. Bader,
and both are very popular in social circles of their city. His political
allegiance is given to the republican party, in the local councils of
which he is influential. He is entirely in accord with the aims of
that organization and has done much toward increasing republican
prestige in Alameda county. He is a Protestant in religious faith
and is fraternally a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fel-
lows and the Loyal Order of Moose, being popular in these societies.
Mr. Frick has at heart the welfare of the people and the growth of
his city and county and has contributed in various ways to these aims.
He enjoys in full measure the confidence and respect of his fellow
members of the profession and stands high in the eyes of the general
public.

JAMES P. POTTER.

James P. Potter holds an important position with the San Fran-
cisco-Oakland Terminal Railway as the superintendent of trans-
portation of this system. There is great credit due him for having
obtained this position, as he succeeded entirelv through his own
efforts, rising from a comparatively humble position to one of fore-
most importance.

Mr. Potter was born in Woolwich, Maine, August 20, 1868, and
is a son of John B. and Julia S. Potter. After attending the public
and high schools until fifteen years of age, Mr. Potter of this review
went to sea and in the latter part of the year 1891 sailed for San
Francisco around the Horn on the ship Susquehanna. He arrived in
the harbor of the Golden Gate in 1892 and subsequently removed to
Oakland, where his first position was that of a bus driver for J.
Bartlett, who operated a bus line from Twenty-third avenue to the
narrow gauge railway at Alameda avenue and Park street in Ala-
meda. He held that position until 1893, when he entered the employ
of the Alameda, Oakland & Piedmont Electric Railway, with whom
he continued as motorman until 1898. In that year he was made
receiver and cashier of the company and later became inspector of the
Alameda division. His next rise made him division superintendent.
During this period the company changed hands several times and
bv consolidation became the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal

262 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

Railway. Mr. Potter is one of the most efficient officials of his
company, standing high in the estimation of the officers and directors
of the road and also with the general public. He has succeeded by
the sheer force of his ability, his straightforwardness and his close
application to all matters intrusted to his care.

In May, 1899, Mr. Potter married, in Alameda, Miss Eleanor N.
Nebeker, and they have two children: Dorothy, aged thirteen, who,
after graduating from the public schools, is now attending high
school; and Donald James, aged ten, attending public school.
Politically Mr. Potter is a republican, but he has never been active
in political matters, although he discharges his duties as a citizen
faithfully. He is deeply interested in the progress of his city and
ever readv to give valuable help to worthy enterprises of a public
nature. Fraternally he stands high in the Masons, having reached
the Royal Arch degree, and is also connected with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Elks. Mr. Potter enjoys in full the
confidence of all who know him and socially is popular. In his
important position he renders valuable service to his company and
the citv of Oakland.

IRVING C. LEWIS.

Irving C. Lewis, vice president of the Grayson-Owens Company,
is one of the strong and resourceful business men of Oakland, ready
to meet anv emergency, discriminating easily between the essential
and the non-essential and making use of all those forces and situations
which are most conducive to the results desired. Many important
business enterprises of Oakland have profited by his cooperation and
sound judgment, and the city numbers him among its representative
business men.

Mr. Lewis was born in Medford, Dodge county, Minnesota, Sep-
tember 22, 1862, a son of Dr. William Frisbie and Albertina
(Cowhan) Lewis. It is interesting to note that the Lewis family can
be traced to the very ancestor who emigrated to America. It was a
Thomas Lewis who at the time of Cromwell's entrance into Ireland,
i6t;o, came to New Amsterdam from Belfast and thereby established
the familv in the new land. Thomas Lewis was born in Belfast in
1628 and landed in New Amsterdam in March, 1650, and in that
city became engaged in shipping and merchandising. In conjunc-
tion with Frederick Pliilipse and Thomas Delaval he purchased the

nixc ( . i.i;\\ IS AXi) SOX

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 265

territory which became known as the Manor of Philipseburg, now
the city of Yonkers, stretching sixteen miles along the Hudson
river. This property remained in the family until after Mr. Lewis'
death, which occurred in his home on the northeast corner of Han-
over Square and Williams street, New York city, in 1686, his widow
a year later selling out these interests.

His wife was formerly Geesje Barent, a native of Holland, who
made her home in Beverwyck, now Albany, New York. Of their
family a son, Leonard, who is the second in direct line of the family
to reside in this country, was born August 3, 1667, and rose to
prominence in New York city, serving in various public capacities,
among them being that of the first treasurer of Dutchess county; first
representative to the colonial assembly; and the first judge of
Dutchess county. He was associated with Johannes Hardenburgh in
the purchase of the great patent of land in Ulster county. New York,
where he made his home for sometime, the period of his residence
extending from 1696 to 1700 at least, and perhaps longer. He was a
man of much ability and of strong, upright character, winning and
holding the esteem and confidence of all who knew him.

On December 23, 1772, by order of the New York legislature, he
was awarded nine ounces and fifteen pennyweights of silver for his
services at Albany in an expedition against the French in the
Mohawk country.

He married Elizabeth Hardenburgh, the daughter of Gerrit J.
Hardenburgh and his wife, formerly Jalpje Schepmore, both natives
of Holland.

A son of Mr. and Mrs. Lewis, Geradus, who also comes in the
direct line of descent, was born January 2, 1698, and became allied
through marriage with one of the oldest and most prominent families
of the eastern states, his wife being in maidenhood Rachel Kip. Of
their familv a son, Gradus Lewis, married Angelica Gonsallus, of
Spanish descent. A son of Gradus Lewis, John by name, married
Ann Eliza Frisbie, a daughter of Dr. William and Elizabeth
(Davidson) Frisbie, of Vermont. John Lewis graduated from
Albanv Medical College with the degree of M. D., after which he
practiced in Clyde, Wayne county, New York, until his death at the
earlv age of thirty-eight years. His wife, surviving him, married
William D. Wylie. Her death occurred in Walworth, New York.
Bv her first marriage she had two children, a son, William Frisbie
Lewis, and a daughter who died at an early age.

Born October 3, 1829, in Clyde, Wayne county. New York.
William Frisbie Lewis was reared to young manhood in tiiat town

266 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

and Phelps, receiving his preliminary education through attendance
at the Phelps Academy, from which he was graduated. Deciding
to take up the profession of his father, he spent the first two years
in this study at Rush Medical College, Chicago, his third year being
passed in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York city.
From this latter institution he was graduated in 1854 with the degree
of M. D. and practiced for a time in New York city. Following
this he visited the hospitals of Europe, where he went to Edinburgh,
Scotland, and attended a course of lectures. In 1856 he located in
Mankato, Minnesota, practicing medicine only a short time until he
became interested in the land and banking business of that city. He
was one of the first bankers of Mankato, his business being conducted
for many years under the firm name of Lewis & Shaubut. On
account of impaired health, he was finally forced to give up his many
business interests. While a resident of that locality, in 1857, he was
appointed captain of a company of forty men who went to quell the
Indians that had taken part in the Spirit Lake Massacre. Their
principal battle was fought near Mankato.

He left the impress of his individuality upon public thought and
action, having aided largely in shaping public afifairs. Seeking
recuperation, Dr. Lewis came to California in 1887, since which time
he has virtually retired from the cares of active life. The greater
part of his time is spent in traveling, having been abroad four times,
once around the world, and all through India, Asia Minor and
Egypt, as well as in nearly every state in the Union. Interested in
the state of his adoption he has purchased two fruit ranches in Tulare
county.

In Vienna, Walworth county, Wisconsin, June 15, 1857, Dr.
Lewis was united in marriage with Miss Albertina Cowhan, a native
of New York city. To the Doctor and his wife were born the fol-
lowing children: Irving C, the subject of this review; John Mell-
gren, a prominent attorney of San Francisco, and Louise Bertina, the
wife of S. E. Grove of Oakland. Dr. Lewis is a Royal Arch Mason
and politically adheres to the principles advocated in the platform of
the republican party. Mrs. Lewis is a member of the Presbvterian
church. They reside at beautiful Palo Alto and on June 15, 1014,
they celebrated the fifty-seventh anniversary of their wedding ulicn
then entertained many of their dearest friends and relatives.

In the pursuit of his education Irving C. Lewis passed through
consecutive grades in the public and high schools of Mankato until
he reached the age of seventeen years, when lie went to Minneapolis
and entered the employ of N. B. Harwood & Company, wholesale

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 267

dry-goods merchants, with whom he remained for about a year. He
then went to Iowa and became a partner in the firm of Abbee &
Lewis in the conduct of a general mercantile establishment. Soon
afterward, however, he disposed of his interests there and removed
to Austin, Texas, where he entered the shoe trade as senior partner
in the firm of Lewis & Peacock. This relation was maintained
until 1885, when Mr. Lewis disposed of his interests in the south
and removed to Denver, Colorado. There he began dealing in real
estate and afterward re-entered the commercial field, but a little
later came to California, where in 1887 he aided in incorporating
the Market Street Bank of San Francisco, of which his father was
president, while he became cashier. After disposing of his banking
interests he became a member of the Healdsburg & Sonoma Commis-
sion Company, engaged in the commission business, but his connec-
tion therewith was brief, and he joined the Grayson-Owens Company,
of Oakland, becoming vice president on its incorporation. In this
connection he has since remained and the success of the undertak-
ing is attributable in large measure to his efforts. Another business
enterprise which profits by his cooperation, sound judgment and
stimulus is the California Ice Company, of Oakland, of which he is
the president. 7"his company not only engages in the manufacture
of ice, but conducts a cold storage plant, being the largest of the kind
in Alameda county. Mr. Lewis has also made extensive investments
in real estate and in connection with his father and brother has
large holdings in Oakland and this part of California. To carry
on their real-estate business the William Frisbie Lewis Company was
organized, with Irving C. Lewis as vice president and the active
manager of the business. In association with his brother he erected
the fine three-story building, seventy-five by one hundred feet, at the
corner of Ninth and Franklin streets in Oakland, and thus materially
added to the improvement of that section. Whatever he undertakes
is carried forward to successful completion and in his vocabularv
there is no such word as fail.

In December, 1890, occurred the marriage of Mr. Lewis and
Miss Clara Eliza Phillips, daughter of J. W. Phillips, president of
the Grayson-Owens Company, of Oakland. Following their mar-
riage they entered upon a tour around the world, spending eight
months in visiting many points of historic, ancient and modern, inter-
est, Mr. Lewis' father giving them this trip as a wedding present.
To them was born one son, Phillip Frisbie Lewis, now a successful
young artist of Oakland. The wife and mother passed away April
I, 1907.

268 HISTORY OF-" ALAMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Lewis is well known in club circles, holding membership
with the Athenian, the Home and the Claremont Country Clubs,
and also with the Oakland Commercial Club. He is a loyal member
of Brooklyn Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and of the First Presbyterian
church. His political views are in accord with the principles of the
republican party, but he has never sought nor desired office, pre-
ferring to concentrate his energies upon his business afifairs, which
are of growing importance, constituting him a leading representative
of the commercial and financial interests of Oakland.

ST. MARY'S COLLEGE, OAKLAND.

Under date of July gth, 1863, the Most Rev. Joseph Sadoc
Alemany, D. D., O. P. (i 814-1888), Archbishop of Upper Cali-
fornia, made entry in his diary: "I blessed the chapel of the College
of St. Mary beyond the Mission Dolores." Simply that and nothing
more. But it was significant; it marked an epoch in the histt)ry of
Catholic education in the west.

San Francisco was growing fast; its El Dorado fascination had
not vet waned. A sprinkling of the population had the faith and its
children were maturing with few men to break the word to them.
To develop a native priesthood, the saintly Bishop had established
St. Thomas Seminary at the old Mission Dolores, placing it in charge
of Monsignor J. Prendergast, the present Vicar General of the Arch-
diocese. To preserve and cultivate the old faith he founded St.
Mary's College on the Mission Road to San Jose, about three miles
west of the seminarv. On the scroll that went into the cornerstone
was written: "* * Joseph Alemany, Archbishop of California,

laid the cornerstone of this college under the title of St. Mary, for
the instruction of the youth of California, not in literature only but
what is, greater, in true Christian knowledge."

The founding of St. Mary's College was a gigantic undertaking
in those days and the event is enshrined in names that will forever
adorn the history of the Catholic church on the Pacific coast. Some
of these names arc Patrick Manogue (1831-1895), subsequently
Bishop of Sacramento, who took a handful of clay from the proposed
site and carried it to town for chemical analysis (it proved fit and
the brick that went into the beautiful Gothic pile was manufactured
on the ground) ; James Croke, V. G. (1829-1889), a brother of the
Archbishop of Cashcl, Ireland, who collecting thirty-three thousand

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 269

dollars among the miners of California is immortalized in the above
mentioned scroll with these words : "It has been erected by the offer-
ings of the miners and the faithful of California, through the exer-
tions of Rev. James Croke, V. G.;" William Gleason, M. A. (1827-
1903), author of "Trials of the Church" (1880), and "History of
the Catholic Church in California" (1872), and Richard Brennan
( '835-1905), Chancellor of the Archdiocese, both of whom professed
the ancient classics in the institution; and Patrick J. Gray (1822-
1907), its first president.

The site comprised sixty acres of the Salinas Y Viejo Potrero
Ranch and was purchased for fourteen hundred dollars. The fact
lends a tinge of romanticism to the establishment. Though exposed
to the wind and fog of the Pacific ocean the site was long known as
University Mound and lay on the western slope of Bernal Heights,
named after the original grantees. The name and a few city lots near
Mission Dolores is all that is left of that generous Spanish Grant.
The Bernals have deserved to fare better. They were liberal bene-
factors to Archbishop Alemany; the boys received their early educa-
tion at St. Mary's College; but time and "squatters" have dealt hard
with their descendants. The old college building too has disap-
peared, having been sold and razed in 1910.

The beginnings of St. Mary's were quite modest. Five lay pro-
fessors and two priests composed the faculty. They were assisted
by pupil-teachers — men who attended class sessions three-fourths of
the time and taught the other fourth. The curriculum embraced
the three R's, English, grammar and rhetoric, mathematics to quad-
ratics, Euclid's geometry, logic and philosophy, modern languages,
music, physical culture, and a rather extensive course in classics and
religion. Students flocked to it from all quarters. The first year
registered four hundred and seventeen, but hard times succeeded the
season of prosperity. Father Grey was an earnest and stern man of
the old school. He worked hard and zealously but the proverbial
Californian writhed under restraint. Though the opportunity was
offered him to get an education at one hundred and seventy-five
dollars a year he began to shun St. Mary's and the registration in 1868
• fell to less than one-fourth the initial number.

Archbishop Alemany felt keenly the diminution in numbers and
finances. When one of the professors in 1864 asked about his salary
for the ensuing year his Grace wrote in reply: "I regret very much
to have to state — that I must back out from the engagement made
with you. Poor old St. Mary's has lost too much these last two
years * * * . If you continue acting as professor — it will have

270 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

to be at what Father Grey can afiford, which may be a fraction less
than what he generally gave last year." Father Croke, who was
absorbed in the success of the college, wrote to the same professor in
a similar but more hopeful strain, from Mission San Jose, where he
was confined with a fractured knee: "From what I heard of the last
examination I think we have reason to be proud of St. Mary's as a
literary establishment. Its advantages to the public are not duly
appreciated, but time will efifect a change. Then I hope St. Mary's
can afiford to be generous toward those who labor with zeal and
profit in the noble cause of education. Meanwhile they must be satis-
fied with a moderate supply of United States coin and plenty of
prayers."

From the inception of the institution it was the Archbishop's inten-
tion to have it conducted by Brothers. In December, 1863, he wrote
to Archbishop Spaulding at Baltimore and to the Bishop of Bruges,
Belgium, asking if they could provide him Brothers. During the
same year he visited Montreal, New York and Paris in an effort to
secure them. In 1867 Cardinal Bornabo wrote to the Superior of the
Salesians at Bruges, and of the Christian Brothers at Dublin, Ireland,
inquiring if they could supply subjects to the Archbishop of San
Francisco to take charge of a boarding college. In 1868 the untiring
Alemany again visited Montreal, New York and Paris, but in vain.
As a court of last resource he applied to Rome. The Holy Father,
Pius IX, immediately ordered Brother Phillipe (1806-1874),
Superior General of the Brothers of the Christian Schools at Paris,
to give Archbishop Alemany enough Brothers to open a boarding
college. On the evening of August 10, 1868, eight Brothers under
the direction of Brother Justin (1834-1912) landed in San Fran-
cisco. On the following day they dined with his Grace and in the
afternoon rode in carriages out the Mission Road to the college, where
they were installed without ceremony.

The building was amply large for two hundred students though
but thirty-four greeted the new tutors. Brother Justin with charac-
teristic energy immediately sent broadcast the first prospectus of St.
Mary's, a quarto-sheet, and his Grace sent urgent letters to all the
priests of the archdiocese asking them to encourage Catholic parents
to send their children to the college for a Christian education. The
result was beyond expectations. The register swelled to three
hundred and twenty-seven names the first year, though the tuition had
been advanced to two hundred and fifty dollars. In 1872 the institu-
tion was incorporated. That year was graduated the first Bachelor in
Arts and Letters, J. Alphcus Graves, and since tiiat year three inindred

HISTORY OF ALAMf<:DA COUNTY 271

and twenty-five men have received their degrees from St. Mary's be-
sides five hundred and seventeen who have been awarded diplomas in
accounting by the commercial department. A record for collegiate
work on the Pacific coast.

Fulfilling admirably the fondest hopes of Archbishop Alemany,
his Grace felt most kindly towards St. Mary's. He honored it on
many occasions with his presence and was proud to make it an objec-
tive point for all his distinguished visitors. Several times was he the
recipient of words of respect and devotion from the students of the
college. The bond of union that naturally grew between the clergy
and the Brothers has been strengthened with time, and his present
Grace, Most Rev. P. W. Riordan, D. D., has fostered it with untiring
vigilance. He it was who annually administered the Sacrament of
Confirmation in St. Mary's since 1884, who dedicated and rededi-
cated the building in Oakland in 1889 and 1895, and who opened the
first course of lectures in the new institution with "Books and How
to Use Them," October, 1889. Other members of his clergy who
also lectured in the course were the late Most Rev. George Mont-
gomery, D. D., Rev. Thomas McSweeney, and Rev. Joseph
Sasia, S. J.

Brother Justin was succeeded in 1879 by Brother Bettelin, who in
1889 transferred St. Mary's to Oakland, where a massive building
had been erected at a cost of three hundred and twenty-five thousand
dollars. Owing to the duties devolving on him through the provin-
cialship of California, Brother Bettelin placed the guidance of the
college under one of his subordinates, called director. This title
was maintained until 1900 when the director became president of the
college and the provincial, president of the board of trustees.

The Brothers early realized that they were not organized to make
money and St. Mary's has been no exception. The debt that hung
over it on August 11, 1889, has never been raised; in fact it has
grown with age. In 1894 the building was burned and the walls of
the old college in San Francisco once again resounded with teachers
and pupils in battle array. Eighteen months passed before the Oak-
land building was reoccupied. The earthquake of 1906 again
enhanced the debt when fifty thousand dollars were expended in
repairs and in the enlargement of accommodations. Then during the
active prefectship of Brother Joseph, thirty thousand was spent in
the erection of a completely equipped gymnasium, a swimming tank,
and the construction of a regulation stadium. Withal the equipment
of the institution has steadily improved. Assaying, chemical and
phvsical laboratories were added in h)(xi-i903, a pre-medical course

272 HISTORY OF .\LA:\IEDA COUNTY

introduced in 1910, while the first graduates in civil engineering had
been given their sheepskins in 190^.

St. Mary's College upholds the old system of non-electives. The
courses are prescribed and students must fall in line. Some time ago
it was considered antiquarian, but universities have reverted lately to
it as the savior of their standards of scholarship. Even in the matter
of religion all students must follow the religious exercises of H(jly
Mother Church, and listen to the exposition of Catholic doctrine
though non-Catholics are dispensed from recitation. Tiie result is
that St. Mary's has fitted men for this world while it trained them
for another. The thirst for knowledge acts for and by itself and
makes its own way; but the art of living must be learned by instruc-
tion and developed by regular systematic practice. As evidence of
this idea in education, St. Mary's already numbers amongst its grad-
uates, twenty-eight priests, thirty-three doctors, fifty-seven lawyers,
and twelve judges. Further, as orators, its men are called into requi-
sition on all occasions and never does a St. Patrick's Dav or a Fourth
of July pass without the alumni of the college upholding the tradi-
tion emanating from the great Brother Justin. The standard of a
nation's greatness is set by the number of its great men; may not the
criterion apply to institutions as well? It is substantiated in the
Catholic church, and like wheels within a wheel it is lived in the
institutions which she fosters.

St. Mary's great work on the Pacific coast will stand. It will also
grow because its ideal is set down in the scroll that went into the
head of the corner. On subserviency to this ideal alone does it bank
its continuity for good. Men must get a moral, physical and intel-
lectual education, to attain the right standard of true citizenship.
The influence of such men on the body politic is known to God alone.
Communicative, it enlarges in an ever increasing circle.

FREDERICK KAHN.

In all the Bay cities no firm is more conspicuous for progress and
fair dealing, nor has done more for the beautification of the city,
and for the development of the commercial interests of Oakland,
than has the house of Kahn whose recognized leader and president
is the subject of this review.

His father, Israel Kahn, a native of Germany, arrived in New
York in the year 1849, where he lived until 1S77. In tlic latter year,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 273

taking with him his wife and nine children, he migrated to Cali-
fornia. Israel Kahn was not a wealthy man; on the contrary his
means were extremely limited but he was possessed of those fine quali-
ties, energy, thrift and conservative progressiveness. He was quick
to sense a business opportunity and to take advantage of it but in
connection therewith he always manifested precaution not to overstep
the needs of the present so far that it would place an element of risk
in his path. Mr. Kahn's entry into business upon his own resources
was in small quarters at 908 Market street, San Francisco, the same
year that he arrived on this coast. He was not there long, however,
until he became acquainted with conditions and began to look into
the more distant future. It was then, by most careful study of the
situation, that he became convinced that the continental side of the
Bay would soon gain the foothold, growth and prestige to which,
as the logical terminus for all overland transportation, it was entitled.

In 1879 he transferred his interests to this side of the Bay and
first opened to the public of Oakland a store under the name of Kahn
Sons, a name that is inseparably linked with the annals of Alameda
county. The many struggles that followed (and many they were for
Mr. Kahn), were bravely borne, and his arduous labors ultimately
brought forth fruits of success. This busy little store was situated
at the corner of Twelfth and Broadway, and, the concensus of
opinion was an expression of doubt that Mr. Kahn's small estab-
lishment, with its corps of three salespeople and a floor space of.
20x40 feet, would even survive the obstacles of a year.

In a few years the business justified the seeking of more spacious
accommodations which were found in the vicinity of Tenth and
Broadway. The evolution of this store, now one of Oakland's most
substantial, progressive and popular institutions of business, would
if dealt with step by step fill volumes. In brief, the location has
been changed five times, the removal each time being necessitated
bv the enormously increased patronage which has marked every year
in the history of the business.

August 2, 1913, marked the opening of the beautiful new store
facing on Sixteenth street, Telegraph and San Pablo avenues. The
site occupies an entire acre. The magnificent structure, erected at a
cost of three quarters of a million dollars, is a masterpiece in the
art of architectural design ami in the arrangement for the artistic
display of goods together with the many innovations provided to
afiford convenience and comfort to its patrons.

This store justly holds the distinction of being the largest in Ala-
meda county and the third largest in California. The management

274 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

remained in the hands of the founder until 1883 when he passed away.
With all the foresight and wisdom with which the father had builded
the three sons then continued the business, although Frederick. Kahn
was not until four years later, 1887, intimately connected with the
management. The firm was incorporated in 1903, with Henry Kahn
as president. He capably filled that oflfice until his death in 1907
when he was succeeded by the late Solomon Kahn who served the
interests of the concern well for three years. In 1910 Frederick
Kahn, the only surviving member of the original corporation,
assumed the presidency.

Frederick Kahn was born in New York city, September 21, i860.
He acquired his education in grammar school No. /12 oi the city of
New York and later attended the evening classes of the Thirteenth
Street high school. When he began his independent career he was
made office manager in a San Francisco importing house, holding this
position from 1880 to 1887. In the latter year he joined his brothers
in the conduct of the now well established business.

Mercantile interests however have not held his entire attention
which is evidenced by his connection with various other capitalistic
enterprises. He is also president of the Kahn Realty Company and
University Investment Company.

On the 19th of February, 1905, Mr. Kahn was united in mar-
riage to Miss Helen Lavenson, a daughter of Samuel Lavenson, a
pioneer merchant of Sacramento, and they have become the parents
of three children: Frederick, Jr., Rose Etta and Helen Sarah. Mr.
Kahn is a member of the First Hebrew Congregation of Oakland and
belongs to the Olympic Club, and the Commercial Clubs of both
Oakland and San Francisco. He is also a thirty-second degree
Mason, belonging to the San Francisco consistory.

CLARENCE CROWELL.

Clarence Crowell, wiio is successfully engaged in the general
practice of law in Oakland, was born in Waterloo, Iowa, December
17, 1868, and has been a resident of Oakland since 1888. He acquired
his legal education in the University of California, from which insti-
tution he received his degree in 1894, in the same year beginning
the practice of his profession. In 1896 he was made assistant city
attorney of Oakland and served one year, after which he was attornev
for the public administrator for six years. Since 1900 he has been

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 275

court commissioner of the superior court of Alameda county and has
held various other positions of trust and responsibility. As a lawyer
he is recognized as a strong and able practitioner. He is well versed
in the various departments of the law, is thoroughly devoted to the
interests of his clients and his careful preparation of his cases and
their clear presentation in the courts are strong elements in an
unusually successful legal career.

Mr. Crowell is connected with the Masonic order, the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks and the Nile and Commercial Clubs. He
gives his political allegiance to the republican party and stands high
in its councils, having served for ten years as chairman of the repub-
lican county central committee. He is now at the head of a large and
constantly increasing practice, and his success is the merited reward
of his own labor.

J. STITT WILSON.

J. Stitt Wilson needs no introduction to the readers of this volume,
as he is known by reputation if not personally to thousands in this
country and in Great Britain. He has won distinction as a lecturer
upon the various phases of socialism, and few men speak with greater
authority upon the subject, for his studies have embraced every phase
of life which has to do with socialistic conditions. He was born in
Huron county, Ontario, Canada, in 1868, a son of William James
and Sarah Ann (Stitt) Wilson, the former a native of Ireland and
the latter of Ontario, although both were of Scotch descent. On leav-
ing Canada the family removed to Huron county, Michigan, where
the parents spent their remaining days.

J. Stitt Wilson acquired his classical education in the North-
western University at Evanston, Illinois, where he won the Bachelor
of Arts degree in 1897, while in 1901 the Master of Arts degree was
conferred upon him by his alma mater. While pursuing his studies
there he was ordained for the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal
church and occupied several pastorates ere his college course was
finished, the last being in the Erie Street Methodist church of Chi-
cago, where he remained as minister for four vears. He was also
a worker in the Northwestern University social settlement and in that
connection and while serving as pastor of the Erie Street church
he became a student of social and industrial science and proclaimed
himself a socialist. He then resigned his pastorate and began tn

276 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

devote himself entirely to the socialist cause. For years he traveled
throughout the United States, Canada and Great Britain, preaching
the doctrine of socialism, which, based upon a recognition of the
rights of the individual and his obligations to his fellowmen, seeks
that equitable adjustment in which is found solution for many of
the vexing national problems. In 1901 he removed to Berkeley,
where he has since made his home, but at no moment in his life has
his enthusiasm waned or his cause been neglected. He has made
four trips to England, studving the social problems of that land,
lecturing on socialism and on constructive socialistic legislation. In
TQio he was nominated for governor of California on the socialist
ticket and was given fifty thousand votes. In 191 1 he was elected
mayor of Berkeley and in 1913 refused to accept a renomination, feel-
ing that he could accomplish more for his cause when left free than
when in public oflice. His work on the public platform in the
interest of moral and social reform has been of an illustrious char-
acter attended with splendid results. His efforts in this state alone
cover thirteen years, during which time he has addressed more people
than any other public speaker in California. For several years there
has been maintained in San Francisco a hall, in which cverv Sundav
he speaks to a large audience.

Mr. Wilson has been a most thorough student of many of the
grave, vital and significant questions of the day. His position is
never an equivocal one. He stands fearlessly for what he believes
to be right and is an aggressive advocate of woman suffrage, temper-
ance reform, prison reform and other lines of action leading to the
progress of the community an(i to the adoption of higher standards.
He is a strong opponent of capital punishment and is an ardent
worker for a form of taxation which will embrace the taxing of the
unearned increment of land values which he declares to be the funda-
mental principle for the emancipation of the people from industrial
injustice. In 1912 he was socialist candidate for congress, opposing
the Hon. J. R. Knowland, and was given a large vote. He has been
a student of the subject of international peace and often speaks upon
that question. Beside his numerous contributions to the daily press,
he has written many pamphlets and several books on social prob-
lems, which have been widelv read throughout the United States
and Europe.

In 1889, in Huron county, Ontario, Mr. Wilson was united in
marriage to Miss Emma Agnew, also a native of that district, and
they have three children : William Gladstone, who is now a student
in the l^niversitv of California; Gladvs Viola, who is the wife of

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 277

Jack Conway and is known on the stage as Viola Barry; and Violette
Rose, who is attending high school in Berkeley and who also gives
indication of marked musical and dramatic talent. Mrs. Wilson is
especially interested in the socialist movement and often travels with
her husband.

BLAKE D. MYERS.

Blake D. Myers occupies an important position in railroad circles
in Oakland as terminal agent of the Southern Pacific Railroad Com-
pany. He began work for the Southern Pacific in 1890 as telegraph
operator and advanced through various positions until he was made
terminal agent in Oakland in April, 191 2, which position he now
holds. He has risen steadily and by merit only, and there is great
credit due him for what he has achieved. He enjoys the full con-
fidence of his superior officers and stands high in the estimation and
respect of those who work with and under him. He has many friends
in Oakland and is particularly esteemed by the general public
because of his courtesy, his obliging manner and his readiness to
do a kindness to those who may request his help or assistance.

WILLIAM BLANCHARD BANCROFT.

William Blanchard Bancroft is a man of initiative, enterprise and
discrimination and in the course of a long and successful business
career has been identified with a number of important corporate
interests in various parts of the United States and London and was
for many years one of the greatest individual forces in the upbuild-
ing and development of the Bancroft Publishing Company of San
Francisco. For a number of years past he has been identified with
the real-estate business in Oakland, and he controls today a large
and representative patronage. He was born in Grand Prairie, Dunk-
lin county, Missouri, September 27, 1847, and is a son of Curtis and
Louisa J. (Lamb) Bancroft, the former a native of Grandville, Ohio,
and the latter of Kentucky. The parents crossed the plains to Cali-
fornia in 1850 and arrived in Hangtown, now Placerville. The
father afterward engaged in mining on Rich Bar, Plumas county,
and later built and operated the Xalional Hotel at Bidwcil's Bar.

278 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

W. B. Bancroft came by the Nicaraguan route to California in
August, 1854, being at that time seven years of age. He made the
journey up the coast to San Francisco on the historic old steamer
Brother Jonathan and from San Francisco pushed on to Bidwell's
Bar, where he acquired his preliminary education in private schools
and subscription schools. He later attended the Oak Grove Institute
of Alameda, being but twelve years of age, the youngest boarding
pupil, and he also studied in the public schools of San Francisco.
In 1861 he entered the employ of H. H. Bancroft & Company, book-
sellers and stationers of San Francisco, and for twenty-nine years
thereafter did able work in the service of this corporation. Starting
in as an errand boy he rose through every department, learning the
business in principle and detail. He spent some time as a bookkeeper
and was later, at eighteen years of age, sent to New York, where he
took complete charge of the company's wholesale department. He
subsequently returned to California and traveled all over the Pacific
coast in the interests of the companv, which numbered him among
its most trusted and able representatives. The period of his con-
nection with H. H. Bancroft & Company was not continuous, for in
August, 1869, Mr. Bancroft went to San Diego, purchased three lots
and built a small store, engaging in the book and stationery business
for himself. When he returned to San Francisco he again joined
the Bancroft Company, becoming manager of the printing, book-
binding and publishing department, a position which offered ade-
quate scope to his initiative power and executive ability. Under his
administration the business increased from sixty-five thousand dollars
a vear to half a million in 1886 when the building was destroyed by
fire.

Mr. Bancroft later went to New York, where he became asso-
ciated with the American Trading Company and was sent by them
to London as resident agent with the full unrestricted power of
attorney to reorganize their London office. He accomplished this
work so successfully that he purchased for them a business worth
twelve and one-half million dollars. After a number of years of
unusually able and discriminating service Mr. Bancroft resigned
from the employ of the American Trading Company and again
entered the publishing business. He compiled in London a book
called "Bancroft's Americans in London," which was made a standard
volume and published every year for six years. At the request of his
brother, H. P. Bancroft, Mr. Bancroft of this review returned to
California and became associated in the real-estate business in Oak-
land with the Breed & Bancroft Company. At the end of six years

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 279

he returned to London but after one year came again to Oakland,
resuming his real-estate operations independently.

Mr. Bancroft is a member of the London- American Society and
well known in club circles of the world's metropolis, holding mem-
bership in the Queen's Athletic Club and the Balham Constitutional
Club of London and also the London branch of the United States
Navy League, of which he was one of the incorporators. He is
prominent in the affairs of the Athenian Club of Oakland. He is a
man of broad culture, progressive views and high ideals and is well
and favorably known in the social life of the community. In business
circles he occupies a place of prominence and distinction, being
widely recognized as a man of tried integrity and worth.

OLIN D. JACOBY

Since 1908 Olin D. Jacoby has been cashier of the First Trust
and Savings Bank of Oakland, occupying a foremost position in the
financial life of that city. He was born in Towanda, Pennsylvania,
in December, 1880, and is a son of E. H. and Maria (Trumbull)
Jacoby. He attended public and preparatory schools until nineteen
years of age, when he went to New York city and entered the office
of a marine insurance company as a clerk, remaining with that firm
for one year. He then was for six months clerk and stenographer in
the employ of the Western National Bank. At the end of that time
he crossed the continent to Los Angeles and for three months held a
position as stenographer with the Santa Fe Railroad Company in that
city. His next position, covering a period of six months, was as clerk
of the West Side Lumber Company at Tuolumne, California. Upon
coming to San Francisco he became a clerk in the American National
Bank, continuing in that position for three years, when he was made
assistant cashier of that institution. In 1908 Mr. Jacoby came to Oak-
land as cashier of the First Trust and Savings Bank, and he has ever
since held that position. This institution has greatly prospered under
his able management and has gained in prestige and solidity.

On July 6, 1903, Mr. Jacoby married, in Los Angeles, Miss
Elizabeth Jones, and they have three children, Esther Barbara,
Harold Stanley and Roger De Vere. Mr. Jacoby is a democrat and
thort^ughly in accord with the principles of his party. He is con-
versant with the issues of the day and deeply interested in the growth
of his citv and county, although not an office seeker and not anxious

280 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

to actively enter into political contests. He is a member of the Metho-
dist church and is deeply interested in its work, and is also president
of the Alameda County Epworth League Alliance. Mr. Jacoby is
an American citizen of the highest type, a man who is considerate
of the interests of others and who is ever ready to promote the gen-
eral welfare and the growth and expansion of his C(Mnmunity.

GRANT D. MILLER.

Grant D. Miller is a well known undertaker of Oakland, con-
ducting a handsomely appointed establishment at No. 2372 East
Fourteenth street. His birth occurred in Amador county, California,
on the 24th of November, 1863, his parents being David R. and Julia
(Hinkson) Miller. It was in 1851 that the father came to this state,
settling in Amador county, where he engaged in business as a black-
smith and subsequently conducted a carriage factory until 1884, In
that vcar he removed to Merced, California, and there carried on
agricultural pursuits until the time of his retirement in 1908, being
the first fruit grower of the county. His demise occurred in January,
1909. The mother of our subject, who is still living in Oakland,
crossed the plains when a girl of nine years with her parents. The
journev was made with ox teams from Washington county, Missouri,
and the family settled in Amador county, California, \vhere
she grew to womanhood and where her parents died. Grant
D. was the second in order of birth in a family of five children, the
others being: Edith, the wife of F. B. Layton, of Eureka; Harry,
a resident of Oakland; Edna, the wife of Donald Foster, of San
Francisco; and Julia, of Oakland.

Grant D. Miller attended the public schools until sixteen years
of age and then came to San Francisco, where he entered the Pacific
Business College, being graduated from that institution at the end
of six months. Subsequently he was employed as clerk by Wells
Fargo & Company for two years and on the expiration of that period
went to Mariposa, California, serving as secretary of the Compromise
Mining Company until 1884. In that year he removed to Merced
and there followed farming in association with his father. In May,
1900, during the famous Klondike strike, he went to Alaska and from
June until November of that year was at Nome. He then came to
Oakland and established the undertaking business which he now con-
ducts. In this connection he has won a well merited measure of pros-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 283

perity that has gained him recognition among the substantial and
representative citizens of Alameda county.

On the 8th of November, 1894, ''i Fresno, California, Mr. Miller
was united in marriage to Miss Nella Wood, a daughter of the Rev.
I. D. Wood. They now have two children: Marjorie, who is a
high-school graduate; and Jean, who is still attending the high
school.

In politics Mr. Miller is a republican and he is now a candidate
for the office of county coroner. His religious faith is that of the
Baptist church. He belongs to the San Francisco Press Club and
the Young Men's Christian Association and is identified fraternally
with the following organizations: Brooklyn Lodge, A. F. & A. M.;
the Native Sons, of which he is past president; the Woodmen of
the World; the subordinate lodge and encampment of the Independ-
ent Order of Odd Fellows; and the Knights of Pythias. Both Mr.
and Mrs. Miller are popular in the social circles of their community
and are highly regarded.

H. C. CAPWELL.

The leaders are few. The majority of men are content to remain
in positions where circumstance or environment has placed them,
lacking the ambition and the determination which would enable them
to advance and become active in control of business enterprises or
important interests. Contrary to the general rule and, therefore,
standing as a central figure on the stage of activity among his fellows
is H. C. Capwell, to whom Oakland owes much for the develop-
ment of her commercial interests, for he stands at the head of the
H. C. Capwell Company, owners of the largest and most important
department store in Alameda county. Moreover, he has been deeply
and actively concerned in municipal affairs, especially along the line
of improving and beautifving the city, and whether in busmess or
public connections is actuated at all times by the spirit of modern
progress.

Mr. Capwell is a native of Michigan, his birth having occurred
in Grand Ledge in the year 1858. His father, William Capwell, was
born in New York, but in early life removed westward to Michigan,
establishing his home near Grand Ledge, where he engaged in stock-
raising, being one of the pioneer settlers of that section of the state.

2S4 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

At the usual age H. C. Capwell became a pupil in the public schools
near his father's home and afterward had the benefit of instruction
in Wheelock Academy of Grand Ledge. He has been identified with
the western coast since 1880, in which year, as representative of
several eastern mercantile firms, he took charge of a San Francisco
office, spending two years in that connection. In 1889 he removed to
Oakland, where he established a small store that formed the nucleus
of his present gigantic and attractive establishment. His business
grew steadily from the beginning and something of the extent and
importance of the enterprise is indicated in the fact that the H. C.
Capwell Company now employs a sales force of five hundred people.
Moreover, he has ever held to the highest standards in the character
of goods carried, in the personnel of the house and in the treatment
of patrons. Courtesy as well as straightforward dealing is demanded
from all of his employes, and the attractive trade methods insure
a continuance of the liberal patronage that has long been accorded the
house. The company has erected a magnificent business block, which
adds much to the architectural adornment of Oakland. Mr. Capwell
remains as president of the company and its chief stockholder, and
the business is a monument to his enterprise, keen sagacity and initia-
tive spirit. He is also the president of the Security Bank & Trust
Company of Oakland, which is likewise one of the visible evidences
of his ability, industry and integrity. He was very active in the
founding of the Oakland Chamber of Commerce and has been one
of its moving spirits. It was when he was president of the old Board
of Trade that, in 1905, he circulated the petition for the formation
of the present Chamber of Commerce, of which he became president.
In 1890 Mr. Capwell was united in marriage to Miss Edwards, a
daughter of a prominent capitalist and bond broker of San Fran-
cisco. The family now numbers a son and two daughters. That Mr.
Capwell is descended from one of the old colonial families is indi-
cated in the fact that he is entitled to membership with the Sons
of the American Revolution, for among his ancestors were those who
fought for independence. Using his prerogative to become identified
with the patriotic organization of the present day, he has taken active
part in its work, has held the office of director and has been honored
with the position of state president. Fraternally he is a Knight
Templar and also a prominent Elk. He is a past exalted ruler of
the Elks lodge of Oakland and was its chief official at the time of?
the erection of the new Elks building. He belongs to a number of |
the leading clubs and social organizations of the Bay cities, including j|
the Bohemian Club of San Francisco, the Clarcmont Countrv Club, J'

HISTORY. OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 285

the Sequoia Country Club and the Nile and Athenian Clubs of
Oakland.

He is perhaps best known, outside of business circles, by reason of
his connection with those agencies which work for civic betterment.
He has been identified with many projects which are a matter of
civic virtue and civic pride and his labors have been an effective force
in advancing the welfare of his city. A contemporary writer has
said of him: "A shrewd business man, a logical thinker and a con-
vincing advocate, combined with his unswerving loyalty, has made
him a potent factor of conceded leadership in all enterprises initiated
for the development of Oakland and Alameda county. Generous
and responsive, he has given with a free hand to many worthy causes
and may well be regarded as one of Alameda county's foremost
merchants. Mr. Capwell is a very pleasing and forceful speaker
and his personality captivates his audiences. His humor is ever-
ready and infectious." There has been nothing esoteric in his entire
life history, nor have there been any unusual circumstances or
advantages. The opportunities which he has recognized and utilized
are such as are open to all, and it is because he has had the ability
to persevere in the pursuit of a persistent purpose that he stands today
where he does, as a leading representative and honored citizen of
Oakland, prominent in business and equally prominent in civic and
social affairs.

HOWELL A. POWELL.

Howell A. Powell, conducting a law office in San Francisco,
through which passes a great deal of the most important litigation
heard in the courts of the state, is a descendant of a Welsh family
of Breconshire, and his father was among the earliest settlers in
Sutter county, California. There the subject of this review was
reared, acquiring his early education in the public schools. He later
entered the State Normal School at San Francisco and after his
graduation in 1867 became principal of the Brooklyn grammar
school of Alameda county. In 1868 he took a special course in law
in the office of Judge Blatchley in San Francisco and in 1870 was
admitted to the bar of California. In the same year he established
an office in San Francisco, where he has since engaged in general
practice. He has been employed in a number of noted civil cases
for the state and has successfully completed the settlement of a

286 HISTORY OF AI.A^rEDA COUXTV

number of large and complicated estates in probation. He served
as attorney of the city of Oakland in the water front litigation with
the Southern Pacific Railroad and by his able handling of this case
won added prominence as a strong, forceful and able lawyer. In
1889 Mr. Powell was made a member of the board of freeholders,
which framed the Oakland city charter, and he was the author of
that provision which makes it compulsory upon the city council to
grant franchises within certain territory contiguous to the water
front to any railroad company that may seek to enter the city.

In 1876 Mr. Powell married Miss Mary E. King, and they have
four children, Eva, Helen, Alvin and Stanlev. Mr. Powell gives
his political allegiance to the republican party and has been at all
times active and prominent in public affairs. He is an ex-member
of the Oakland board of education and in 1896 served as a McKinley
elector, representing tlie third congressional district, having received
for this office the highest vote of his party in thirteen counties. In
all official, social and professional relations he has held steadily to
high ideals, and he commands and holds the confidence and regard
of all who are in anv way associated with him.

JOHN C. SCOTT.

John C. Scott, a well known and successful attorney of Oakland,
has here practiced his profession for more than a decade. His birth
occurred in Schleswig, Germany, on the 2d of March, 1861, and
it was as a youth of seventeen that he crossed the Atlantic to the
United States. Making his way to the Hawkeye state, he attended
the Iowa State Teachers' College at Cedar Falls and subsequently
studied law at Waterloo with Hon. Charles Mullen, attorney-gen-
eral of the state of Iowa. While preparing for the legal profession
he taught school in Iowa for a period of six years.

In 1889 Mr. Scott was admitted to the bar and began practice
at Cedar Falls. Iowa, where he remained an able and successful
representative of his profession for thirteen years. He was there
elected citv attornev and held the office for two terms. In 1902 he
came to Oakland, California, where he has remained to the present
time, having built up an extensive and lucrative clientage as a prac-
titioner of law. He is a strong advocate with the jury, and concise
in his appeals before the court. Much of the success which has
attended him in his professional career is undoubtedlv due to tlic

HISTORY OF ALA^klEDA COL'XTY 287

fact that in no instance will he permit himself to go into court with
a case unless he has absolute confidence in the justice of his client's
cause. Basing his efiforts on this principle, from which there are
far too many lapses in professional ranks, it naturally follows that
he seldom loses a case in whose support he is enlisted.

In 1892 Mr. Scott was united in marriage to Miss Minnie E.
Thompson, a native of Illinois, by whom he has one son, Leo L.,
born in Iowa. Fraternally he is identified with Sequoia Lodge of
Masons and Oakland Lodge of the Knights of the Maccabees, acting
as commander of the latter organization in 1904. He is likewise a
member and trustee of Live Oak Lodge of the National Union at
Oakland. Attractive social qualities make him popular and he has
gained many friends during the period of his residence in that city.

MARSHALL J. RUTHERFORD.

Marshall J. Rutherford, a practicing attorney of Oakland, has
won success at the bar and is numbered among the able representa-
tives of the legal fraternity here. His birth occurred in Vallejo,
Solano county, California, on the 14th of April, 1880, his parents
being John and Mary Rutherford. The father came to California
in 1 861, settling in Vallejo, where he w'as employed as a locomotive
engineer until 1885. In that year he came to Oakland and here
resided until 1891, when he removed to Calistoga, Napa county,
California. He was engaged as a locomotive engineer until 1902,
but for the past eleven years has devoted his attention to general
agricultural pursuits.

Marshall J. Rutherford attended the graded and high schools
of V^aUcjo and Calistoga until 1899, when he came to Oakland and
learned the machinist's trade, working at that occupation for four
and a half years. During that period he continued his studies in
the evening high school. Subsequently he went to Palo Alto, Santa
Clara county, California, and there spent one year as a student in
the Manzanita Hall Preparatory School for Boys, while later he
attended The Lyceum, a preparatory school in San Francisco, for
eight months. He next entered the University of the Pacific at
San Jose and won the degree of B. A. in December, 1909. Having
decided upon a professional career, he then matriculated in the law
department of the University of California and in 191 2 received
the degree of D. J. The University of tlie Pacific likewise conferred

288 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

upon him the honorary degree of Master of Arts. He was admitted
to the bar in Oakland and has already built up an extensive and
lucrative clientage. His is a natural discrimination as to legal ethics,
and he is so thoroughly well read in the minutiae of the law that he
is able to base his arguments upon thorough knowledge of and
familiarity with precedents, and to present a case upon its merits,
never failing to recognize the main point at issue and never neg-
lecting to give a thorough preparation.

While obtaining his education Mr. Rutherford spent his vacation
periods in travel, working his way to various places. His first trip
was taken on the steamer Queen, plying between San Francisco and
Vancouver, British Columbia, on which he spent five months as
oiler. The ne.xt year he worked as oiler for three months on the
steamer Korea, which sailed from San Francisco to China, Japan
and Honolulu, and during the following year spent three months
as deck engineer on the steamer Transport Buford, which sailed to
Honolulu and Manila. During the next year he worked as oiler,
water tender and machinist on the steamer Acapulco, which sailed
to Mexico and Panama, and in the year following spent three
months as machinist and junior engineer on the steamer Mongolia,
which sailed to Honolulu, Japan and the island of Formosa.

Mr. Rutherford gives his political allegiance to the republican
party, while his religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church.
Fraternally he is identified with the Woodmen of the World. Oak-
land is fortunate in having as a member of its legal profession a
young man with the ability possessed by Mr. Rutherford. His pro-
fessional knowledge is exhaustive and in his presence he is tactful,
his abilitv winning him a greater degree of success than usuallv
falls to the lot of an attorney of his age and experience.

JEREMIAH JOSEPH HANIFIN.

For many years Jeremiah Joseph Hanitin has been connected with
business interests of Alameda county, having come to the coast over
sixtv years ago. He now owns a liquor store at No. 471 Fourteenth
street, Oakland, and enjoys a profitable trade. He w^as born in
County Kerry, Ireland, May 15, 1834, and is a son of James and
Alice Hanifin. In 1838 the parents emigrated to the United States
and settled in Boston, Massachusetts, where the father for several
Years was engaged in the mineral water business. His son Jeremiah

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 289

attended the parochial schools in Boston until thirteen years of age,
when his parents removed to New York, where he continued in the
parochial schools until fifteen years of age.

Laying aside his text-books, he learned the boat builder's trade,
continuing along that line for about two years, and then came to
California by way of Cape Horn, being a cabin boy on the Michael
Angelo, which arrived in San Francisco, August 5, 1852. His first
position at the Golden Gate was as clerk in a hotel owned by C. L.
Longley, with whom he remained for ten months. At the end of
that time, however, he returned to New York city by way of the
Isthmus of Panama, walking across the isthmus from Panama to
Gargona in order to save the twenty dollars which was charged for
the mule ride from one coast to the other. He arrived several hours
before those who rode, thereby establishing a fair claim as a cham-
pion pedestrian. After arriving in New York city, his father being
dead, he assisted his mother in her business afifairs, which largely
consisted of looking after her investments, collecting rents, and other
interests, etc. In 1858 Mr. Hanifin returned to San Francisco by
way of Panama, establishing in that city the. Great Western Hotel,
which he conducted until 1865, when he sold out and turned his
attention to the shipping and brokerage business, so continuing for
three years. Upon disposing of these interests he moved to Oakland,
where he established the Cosmopolitan Hotel at Seventh street and
Broadway, but after four years disposed of the hotel in order to give
his whole attention to his retail liquor stores, which were located at
Seventh street and Broadway, Seventh street and Washington street
and 471 Fourteenth street and Broadway. In 1905 he sold the
Washington and Broadway stores and now gives his undivided
attention to his establishment on Fourteenth street. He is a man of
honorable business principles and well liked by his many friends.
He is courteous, afifable and kindly to those who are in less fortunate
circumstances and is ever ready to support enterprises as long as
their value can be proven to him, being always among the foremost
to do something which may prove of advantage to his city.

In New York city, on May 16, 1856, Mr. Hanifin married Miss
Eliza J. Farley, and to them were born the following children:
Mrs. V. S. McClatchy, of Sacramento; Lyda, a Sister in the Con-
vent of the Holy Family, who has taken the name of Sister Mary
Agatha; J. J., Jr., under-sheriff of Alameda county; Herbert L.,
who is a member of the office force of the Pacific Gas Company of
San Francisco; Mrs. Alice Casey, widow of Dr. P. F. Casey, of
Oakland; Irene, deceased; Edward Everett, who holds a position

290 HISTORY OF ALA]\IEDA COUNTY

in the recorder's office in San Francisco; Ada, a graduate of high
school, and Frank C, in school.

Politically Mr. Hanifin is a republican and has ever been inter-
ested in the progress of his party. He has participated in many
ways in public afifairs in Alameda county and from 1873 to 1876
served as fire commissioner of Oakland. From 1881 to 1890 he was
supervisor and chairman of the board of supervisors, being elected
from the fourth district, and in that connection did much valuable
work, promoting many public measures which were of vast benefit
to the general public. Although he is eighty years of age he is hale
and hearty, walking eight or ten miles a day, and has the strength
as well as the appearance of a much younger man. In all the rela-
tions of life Mr. Hanifin has proven himself a useful, conscientious
citizen of sound ideas and sound principles and one who considers
an untarnished name of greater value than the mere acquirement of
wealth.

WILLIAM AMBROSE BISSELL.

William Ambrose Bissell, assistant traffic manager for the Santa
Fe system at San Francisco, in which connection he manifests notable
executive power, was born in Lyons, Wayne county. New York, in
1848, a son of the Rt. Rev. W. H. A. and Martha Colton (Moulton)
Bissell. The former was an Episcopal bishop of Vermont from
1868 until his death in 1893. Reared in the atmosphere of a scholarly
home, his early training left a strong influence on the life of Wil-
liam A. Bissell who, directing his energies in the broad field of
business rather than along professional lines, has gained a place
of responsibility and prominence in connection with railwav man-
agement. He was educated in the Geneva (New York) Academy
and throughout his entire career has been interested in railway
activity. At the age of si.xteen years he entered the employ of the
Michigan Central Railroad at Detroit, Michigan, where he re-
mained for about four years or until March, 1868, when he left the
Mississippi valley and came to California by way of the Isthmus
route. At that time the Central Pacific Railway Company was
operating ninety miles of railway in this state, and he became asso-
ciated with that corporation in a clerical position at Sacramento.
He was later advanced to the position of freight auditor and con-
tinued with that corporation until 1883, when he became coast agent

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 291

for the Texas Pacific Railway with offices in San Francisco. In
December, 1884, he accepted the office of coast agent for the Atlantic
& Pacific Railroad, which later became a part of the Atchison Rail-
road system. In 1894 he was promoted to the position of assistant
freight traffic manager of the Santa Fe system, which called him to
Chicago, and he remained there until 1899, when the Atchison,
Topeka & Santa Fe as reorganized purchased the Santa Fe & San
Joaquin Valley Railway, when he returned to the Pacific coast as
assistant trafiic manager of the Santa Fe system. Here he has since
remained, continuously occupying the position which calls for rare
executive ability, keen discrimination and thorough understanding
of every phase of traffic control. He also has large private financial
interests, having made judicious investment in corporations and busi-
ness enterprises which have constituted important elements in the
promotion of public progress and prosperity as well as in the attain-
ment of individual success. He is president of the Livermore Water
& Power Company which supplies light and power to the Livermore
valley; is vice president of the Richmond Light & Power Company;
vice president of the McNamara Mining Company and a director
of the Holland Sandstone Company, Lake Tahoe Railway & Trans-
portation Company, Northwestern Pacific Railway Company, Oak-
land & East Side Railroad Company, Richmond Land Company,
Union Savings Bank of Oakland and Santa Fe Terminal Company
of California. In May, 1913, when the affairs of the United Prop-
erties Company of California became involved, he was appointed
one of the trustees of that corporation and as such trustee was elected
a director of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminals Railways. On
May 20, 1 91 3, he was elected president of that company and still
continues in that capacity.

On the 7th day of January, 1870, Mr. Bissell was married to Miss
Cora A. Messick and their children are William H. and Daniel R.
Mr. Bissell makes his home in Alameda and has a beautiful summer
residence on a delightful location at Lake Tahoe, beside owning
ranch property near Livermore, California. He is very prominent
in club circles of San Francisco, being one of the founders and
members of the Transportation Club and a member of the Pacific
Union. He also belongs to the Athenian and Claremont Clubs of
Oakland and the California Club of Los Angeles. He is likewise
a member of the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce and is in
hearty sympathy with its many pj-ojects and movements for the
upbuilding of the city. In fact he is a very public-spirited man,
active in matters pertaining to the growth, development and gen-

292 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

eral welfare of San Francisco and of the state at large. He recog-
nizes the wonderful possibilities of California and is doing
everything in his power to promote their utilization, thus aiding in
the material growth of the state, while at all times he is actively
and helpfully concerned as well in those things which are a matter
of civic virtue and civic pride.

HENRY N. MORRIS.

Henry N. Morris, of Oakland, California, is vice president of
the Central National Bank and Central Savings Bank and widely
known in financial circles of Alameda county as a conservative banker
who is ever careful of the interests of his depositors and who is yet
progressive, giving valuable aid to commercial and industrial
development. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, April 24, i860, and
is a son of E. D. and Frances Elizabeth Morris.

Henry N. Morris attended the public and high schools of Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, graduating from the latter at the age of seventeen,
when he entered the Western Reserve College at Cleveland, from
which he was graduated in 1882. He then entered the Cincinnati
Law School, receiving his degree in 1885, and subsequently prac-
ticed law in Cincinnati for two years. At the end of that time he
became connected with the machinery manufacturing business, con-
tinuing thus until 1896, when he sold out and went to Munising,
Michigan, as the representative of eastern capitalists who owned
large timber tracts there and also as financial agent of the Munising
Railroad Company. He remained in that city for several years and
then accepted the position of president of the Shreveport Gas, Elec-
tric Light & Power Company at Shreveport, Louisiana, also becom-
ing president of the Texarkana Gas & Street Railway Company at
Texarkana, Texas. At the end of eight years he retired, however,
and went to San Antonio, 'I'exas, being appointed receiver of the
Woods National Bank and discharging the afifairs of that institution
until Mav, 1909, when he came to Oakland, being appointed receiver
of the Union National Bank. A little later he was appointed by the
governmental national bank examiner for the San Francisco dis-
trict. He administered these offices until August, 1913, since which
time he has been vice president of the Central National Bank and
Central Savings Bank of Oakland. His extensive experience well fits
him for the important position which he now holds at the head of

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 293

one of the strongest financial institutions of the state. Mr. Morris is
an influential, man of rare executive ability who thoroughly under-
stands banking routine and financial conditions. He has a great
capacity for detail and considers no matter too unimportant to be
worthy of his attention, realizing that many seemingly trivial affairs
might make a combination which is of the greatest moment. He has
all the qualities of which a banker might be proud and is a man of
unerring accuracy in judgment and of caution in business transac-
tions. He possesses that intuition as to character and that knowledge
of humanity so essential in the successful transaction of business,
and he seldom if ever commits errors as to what and whom to trust.

In March, 1886, in Cincinnati, Ohio, Mr. Morris married Miss
Ella M. Blymyer and they have three children: William B., who
is now connected with oil interests in Geneva, Indiana; Ellis Eliza-
beth, who is attending Miss Ransome's private school in Oakland,
and Fearing H., who is attending the Thatcher School at Nordhofif,
California.

Politically Mr. Morris is a republican, and his religious faith
is that of the Congregational church. He is a member of the Athe-
nian and Home Clubs, and he stands high in the business and finan-
cial life of Oakland and Alameda county, enjoying in full measure
the confidence which is his due because of his honorable principles
and his ability.

JACOB M. SIPE.

Jacob M. Sipe began his independent career at the early age of
seven and his record since that time furnishes many splendid exam-
ples of the value of energy, perseverance and resolution in the attain-
ment of success. His prosperity has increased steadily through the
years and he is today one of the prominent and leading business
men of Oakland, where he deals in real estate on an extensive scale.
He was born in Noblesville, Indiana, in July, 1870, and is a son of
Peter Wells and Hannah (River) Sipe, natives of Pennsylvania,
both of whom have passed away. Two children were born to them :
Marv, who is married and lives in Kansas, and Jacob M., of this
review.

The father of our subject died when his son was still an infant
and the mother afterward married again, leaving him dependent
upon his own resources at the earlv age of seven. He secured a jiosi-

294 HISTORY OF ALA^^IEDA COUNTY

tion on a farm at three dollars per month and afterward worked at
odd jobs for dififerent people and in various places until he was
twenty years of age. In 1890 he came to California and settled in
Siskiyou county, where for a time he worked in a mine, after which
he began developing a mine of his own. He met with a fair measure
of success in this venture and engaged in mining in Siskiyou county
and in southern Oregon until 1906, when he came to Alameda county,
settling in Elmhurst, where he has since resided. He gives his
attention to the real-estate business, buying and selling property for
himself and others. He has valuable city and farm holdings in
Texas and also important interests in Elmhurst.

On the 2 1 St of May, 1898, Mr. Sipe was united in marriage to
Miss Elwilda Howe, a daughter of John and Catherine (Mills)
Howe, the former a native of Missouri and the latter of V^irginia.
To them were born live children: Henderson, a resident of Kansas;
Elwilda, wife of our subject; Elmer, of Kansas; Mary, deceased,
and Roselle, of Kansas. Mr. and Mrs. Sipe have become the parents
of a son, Roy Emerson, aged thirteen years.

Mr. Sipe is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fel-
lows and gives his political allegiance to the democratic partv. His
attention is, however, concentrated upon his business affairs, in which
he is meeting with gratifying and well deserved success.

CHARLES L. STURM.

Charles L. Sturm, who since he was fifteen vears of age has
been engaged in the plumbing business, has now the distinction of
being the oldest merchant on Twelfth street in point of continuous
business activity, thirty years of profitable and well-directed labor
here having brought him prominence, success and a substantial
fortune. He is one of the oldest residents of Oakland and is a native
of California, his birth having occurred in Stockton, San Joaquin
county, July 24, 1859. The name has long been known and honored
in this state, for the father of the subject of this review, John D.
Sturm, was a California fortv-niner and a pioneer in the cigar manu-
facturing business in Oakland, where he took up his residence fifty
years ago.

Charles L. Sturm Iias been a resident of Oakland for half a
century and has been in llic plumbing business on Twelftli street
for over thirty years, each year bringing him increased prosperity

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 295

as a reward for his well directed and energetic labor. He has now
one of the finest plumbing establishments in the city and controls
an important and representative trade along this line, for he under-
stands his business thoroughly in principle and detail, having been
connected wath it since he was fifteen years of age. He furnished
and did the plumbing for the Hotel Dana, at the corner of Geary
and Hyde streets, San Francisco; remodeled the plumbing in the
Kohl building, in the same city, and installed the plumbing fixtures
in the Key Route Inn and the Eva building, on Thirteenth street,
in Oakland. He did the plumbing in the Shattuck building and
in many other structures in Berkeley, and his reputation for lasting,
reliable and thorough work is increasing with the passing years.

Mr. Sturm married Miss Mary A. Dufify, a native of San Fran-
cisco, and they have two daughters : Gertrude, and Genevieve, the
wife of A. G. Freear. Mr. Sturm gives his political allegiance to
the republican party and fraternally holds membership in the Elks,
the Modern Woodmen of America, the Foresters and the Ancient
Order of United Workmen. He is president of the Amador Consoli-
dated Mines Company and treasurer of the Seventh Street & South
Side Improvement Club of Oakland.

He is interested in everything that pertains to the advancement
and permanent welfare of the community, the more so because he
has seen practically the entire development of the city and has borne
an active and honorable part in the work of upbuilding. He has
a wonderful memory and relates many interesting facts concerning
early days in Oakland, having still a clear recollection of the time
when the Delger block was the site of Muller's Gardens and when
Blote Gardens stood on the lot now occupied by the Oakland post-
office. In those days the boys stole apples from Merritt's orchard,
at Twelfth and Jackson streets, and the first horse-car barn was
situated on the Broadway wharf, the cars running to Fourteenth
street and Broadway and the fare being ten cents a passenger. On
the east side of Broadway, at Eighth and Ninth streets, were located
the old circus grounds, owned and operated by August Seequest,
while the present site of the Hall of Records was occupied by the
Democratic Party Park and the courthouse site was the Republican
Party Park. For fifty cents passengers were taken on the boats, the
S. M. Whipple and the Chinda Warn, running between Oakland
and San Francisco, the vessels many times striking on the sand bars
and being delayed for hours. Mr. Sturm remembers when the
Ames Hotel was located at First and Broadway and the Washing-
ton Hotel at Second and Broadwav; when Edson Adams' law office

2% HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

was on the Broadway wharf and the Oakland Brewery was located
at Ninth and Broadway. He remembers when East Oakland was
called San Antonio and when oak trees stood in the center of Broad-
way, and he can recall the first fire engine, the Phoenix, which was
housed at Eighth and Washington streets. He knew James Du
Bois, who ran the first bowling alley, and can remember when
Hardy's creek ran between Adeline and Market streets. The first
cemetery was at Nineteenth and Webster streets and tomato orchards
occupied a great portion of what is now Center street. Joe Dillon,
the first assessor of Oakland, had his ofiice at the corner of Seventh
and Fallon streets, and the section lying between Twelfth and Oak
streets contained the finest residences in the city. Ships were built
in the yards at First and Franklin streets.

These and many other reminiscences of the early days are still
vivid in Mr. Sturm's memory, and he takes great delight in recalling
things which are matters of history at the present time. The fifty
years of his residence here have been prosperous and happy ones
and have brought him a large and important business, a substantial
fortune and that true success which lies in the respect, esteem and
confidence of many friends.

STEPHEN WYTHE, M. D.

Dr. Stephen W\the is specializing in the treatment of diseases of
the eye, ear, nose and throat in Oakland, where he is engaged in
private practice, following a period of connection with the govern-
ment service as acting assistant surgeon in the United States army
and with community interests of Oakland as medical inspector of
the city. He has attained a gratifying reputation in the ranks of
the medical fraternity in this part of the state, and his ability is
evident in his large and constantly increasing patronage.

Dr. Wythe was born in San Francisco, December i6, 1874, and
is a son of William T. and Laura Belle (Willson) \A'ythe, the former
a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Oregon. The maternal
grandfather was one of the pioneers in the last named state and
owned and laid out the town site of Salem, which still remains as
originally planned. The paternal grandfather of the subject of this
review served in the Civil war and following his discharge came
to California, where he was chief surgeon on the governor's stafif
in 1864. He became one of the leading physicians and surgeons in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 297

the state and was instrumental in building up Cooper Medical Col-
lege. His son, father of the subject of this review, was also a physi-
cian and connected with the staff of the Cooper Medical Col-
lege. In his family were five children: Alice Belle, who makes her
home with the subject of this review; Willson Joseph, a well known
architect and assistant professor of mechanical drawing in the Uni-
versity of California; Grace, who is a teacher in the University of
Tokio, Japan; Margaret, connected with the Zoological Museum of
the University of California, and Stephen, of this review.

Dr. Stephen Wythe was five years of age when his father died
and he afterward made his home with his grandfather, acquiring
a preliminary education in the public and high schools. He later
took a special course in science in the University of California,
which he attended during the years 1893 and 1894, following which
he entered Cooper Medical College, from which he was graduated
in 1895 '^^'ith the degree of M. D. He supplemented his medical
education by one year's service in the Lane Hospital in San Fran-
cisco and by a similar period in the United States Marine Hospital
in the same city. Following this he was surgeon on the United States
auxiliary cruiser No. 9 of the Pacific squadron, holding this position
during the Spanish-American war. He was afterward made acting
assistant surgeon in the United States army, serving from January,
1899, until December, 1905. During three years of this term he
was on the transport Sheridan and for one year was stationed on
the Buford. After the fire in San Francisco Dr. Wythe was placed
in charge of the emergency hospital in Oakland and when the relief
work was successfully completed made several trips to Panama as
surgeon on the Pacific Mail steamship Newport. Following this
he resigned from the government service and settled in Oakland,
where from 1907 to 1908 he served as medical inspector, taking an
active part in the campaign against the bubonic plague.

Upon the expiration of his term he engaged in private practice
in Oakland, where he is now one of the leading eye, ear, nose and
throat specialists. He is connected with the Oakland College of
Medicine as assistant professor of ophthalmology and laryngologist,
and he is a member of the Alameda County Society for the Preven-
tion of Tuberculosis. He belongs to the Pacific Coast Ophthal-
mological Society and is a member of the American Medical
Association and the county and state medical societies, thus keeping
in close touch with the most advanced thought of his profession.
He is a Scottish Rite Mason and holds membership in Live Oak
Lodge, F. & A. M. Socially he belongs to the Nile Club. He is

2<tS HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTV

hcld in high regard by his fellow practitioners and by the local
public, for he conforms at all times to the highest standards of pro-
fessional ethics and is thoroughly devoted to the interests of his
patients.

ALEXANDER FRIEDMAN.

Alexander Friedman is senior partner in the Yosemite Wine
Company. A native of Oakland, he attended the public and high
schools, passing through consecutive grades until graduated at the
age of seventeen years. He then engaged with Fibush Brothers,
wholesale tobacconists, in the position of salesman and so continued
for four years, at the end of which time he resigned and embarked
in the retail cigar business at Thirteenth and Washington streets.
There he continued until February, 1913, when he and his brother,
Morris Friedman, bought out the interests of the Yosemite Wine
Company and are now engaged in the wholesale and retail liquor
and cigar business. They also have a branch store at No. 488 Sev-
enth street. They are very successful and conduct a high class
business, catering to the best people around the bay. Their patron-
age is now extensive and each month marks an increase in their trade.

Mr. Friedman was married in Oakland in 1902 to Miss Lydia
H. Meyers, and they have two children, Verna and Harold. Mr.
Friedman is well known in Oakland, where he has spent his entire
life and where he has a circle of friends that includes many that
have known him from his boyhood to the present.

ERGO ALEXANDER ALAJORS, M. D.

Dr. Ergo Alexander Majors, whose suite of offices is in the new
Dalziel building of Oakland, was born in Santa Cruz, California,
June 2, 1877. He had a cousin, Joseph Majors, who settled in that
city in 1843, while his great-grandfather, Benjamin Alajors, came v^
the Golden state in i8!;o and was one of three who died on the bank-
of the San Joaquin with cholera in that year. His grandfather. Alex-
ander Majors, instituted the famous Pony express, which he ownol
and ran, in April, 18611. Dr. ^L^jors' father is Greene ALijors, who
wended his wav to this peerless commonwealtii in 1873 and Iiere mar

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 301

ried Miss Cora C. Reese in 1875. It is thus seen that Dr. Majors is
very thoroughly Californian through early family association as well
as by birth.

As a boy he showed such a consuming curiosity in studying the an-
atomy of crabs, birds, gophers and other representatives of animal life
at every opportunity that his parents were constrained to enter him in
the medical department of the University of California, from which
he received his professional degree in 1902. At the close of his col-
lege course he entered upon country practice, riding over the hills
and through the valleys for five years and gaining the experience
that can be obtained in no other wav. In 1907 he drove his stakes
in Oakland as his permanent home. Since coming to this city Dr.
Majors has taken his well earned position in the front ranks of
his profession both as a surgeon and physician, acquiring a prac-
tice in both that is at once enviable and very lucrative.

Dr. Majors was married September 7, 1902, to Miss Anna Belle
Rader, of Siskiyou county, and three lovelv children have blessed
their union. Dr. Majors spent a number of his boyhood years in
the lovely city of Alameda, where he attended the public school
and where his parents have lived for the past twenty-three years.

HARRY S. ANDERSON.

Harry S. Anderson, creditably filling the position of commis-
sioner of public works of Oakland and prominently connected with
mercantile interests of the city as the proprietor of a large carpet
business, was born in Oakland, September 3, 1877, and has spent
his entire life here. Following the completion of a public-school
education he entered the carpet business with his father, S.
Anderson, and has been connected with this line of work since that
time. His present enterprise was established in the old Masonic
Temple building, whence after three years it was removed to 1114
Broadway. There it remained for twelve years and at the end of
that time was moved to its present location at No. 405 Thirteenth
street. Mr. Anderson gives a great deal of his time and attention
to the conduct of this concern and, thoroughly understanding the
business in principle and detail, has met with gratifying and well
deserved success. In igii he was elected commissioner of public
works of Oakland, and he has since filled this important position,
giving to the citv a businesslike administration. He has charge of

302 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

the construction work on the new two million d(jllar city hall, the
development work on the water front, the construction of all new
schoolhouses and full direction of all matters pertaining to wharves,
docks and shipping, these being some of the most important enter-
prises within the control of the municipal government.

On the 23d of April, 1901, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage
to Miss Edna Frances Camp of Oakland, and both are well and
favorably known in social circles. Mr. Anderson is a stanch repub-
lican, and although this is his first elective office, he has been active
in politics for some years past. He was secretary of tlie county
republican central committee of Alameda county, secretary of the
Seventh Ward Republican Club and of the last state republican
committee's convention under the old regime, before the direct pri-
marv law went into elTect. He is well known in fraternal circles,
being a member of the Elks and all the branches of the Masonic
order, besides holding membership in the Moose, the Owls, the
Fraternal Brotherhood of America, the Royal Arcanum and other
representative fraternities. He also enjoys the distinction of holding
the position of "speaker of the senate" of the National Union, which
is the third highest gift of the order in the United States. He is one
of the most active men in the city in furthering the cause of athletics
and is one of the directors of the Oakland Baseball Association. He
is a man of energy, resource and capacity and whether in business,
official or social relations holds the good-will and confidence of all
who are associated with him.

JOHN PETER COOK.

John Peter Cook, now in the third term of his able service as
county clerk of Alameda county, is one of California's native sons,
iiis birth having occurred in San Francisco, on the 30th of November,
i<S69, his parents being Peter and Margaret Cook. The public and
high schools of his native city afiforded him his educational oppor-
tunities and after he was graduated in 1886 he spent two years in the
University of California. He then began his independent career,
engaging as a clerk for Whittier, Fuller & Company, dealers in
paints in San Francisco, and he remained active in their interests
until 1895, when he was appointed deputy county clerk of Alameda
county under F. C. Jordan, who is now secretary of state. He con-
tinued as deputy until 1902 and in that year was elected county clerk.

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 303

serving by re-election in 1906 and again in 1910. He still holds this
position, his continued return to office indicating the value of his
services and their acceptability to the public at large.

Mr! Cook married, on the i6th of June, 1897, in Woodland, Cali-
fornia, Miss Sadie Briggs, and they have three children, Mildred,
Virginia and Carol, all of whom are attending public school. Mr.
Cook gives his political allegiance to the republican party and fra-
ternally is connected with Masonic order, the Benevolent Protective
Order of Elks and the Native Sons of the Golden West. He is also
secretary of the Oakland Baseball Association. With him persever-
ance, diligence and integrity have been the guiding principles of
life, bringing him to the honorable position which he now occupies
in the opinion of his fellow citizens among whom he has long lived
and labored.

ALPHONSE CARPENTIER.

Alphonse Carpentier needs no introduction to the people of
Alameda or San Francisco for during the twenty-nine years during
which he has resided in the former city and done business in the
latter, he has become widely and favorably known as a man wh(jse
liigh integrity and excellent business ability constitute him a promi-
nent factor in community advancement and progress. He is a native
of Belgium and is a representative of one of the most honored fam-
ilies in that country.

Alphonse Carpentier was reared and educated in Belgium and
after laying aside his books served fifteen years in the Belgian army
as aide de camp. In 1884 he came to America and after his arrival
in this country pushed directly westward to California, settling in
Alameda w here he has since made his home. He established himself
in the shipping and importing business in San Francisco and to this
line of work he has given his attention for twenty-nine years, success
steadily attending his well directed labors. Through energy, enter-
prise and persistent purpose, he has developed a large and profitable
business and has taken his place among the deservedly successful
and able business men of the community, his name standing today as
a synonym for straightforward and honorable methods, and high
commercial standards.

Mr. Carpentier married Miss Angelc Cobb of Belgium, a daugh-
ter of |ohn and Marie Cobb, and thev have three children: Ciabrielle,

304 HISTORY OF ALAMFJJA COUXTV

Jcanne and Marguerite, all born in Brussels, Belgium. Mr. Car-
pentier is a member of the San Francisco Commercial Club and is
always active and interested in anything which tends to promote busi-
ness activity and commercial growth. The culture of previous
generations has left its impress upon him and his well developed
intellectual powers and his breadth of view make him a favorite
in social circles where intelligent men gather for the discussion of
deep and vital questions. Alameda is proud to number him among
her citizens, and he in turn is proud of the achievements of the city
where he has resided for over a quarter of a century.

GEORGE E. KLEEMAN, M. D.

Dr. George E. Kleeman, in the practice of his profession, medi-
cine and surgery, having specialized in the latter to a large extent,
is acknowledged today as one of the most skilful and successful
members of the profession in the Bay cities. Like a great many men
of his profession, however, he has not devoted his entire time and ;
attention to the same, having found time to engage in other business \
connections of a profitable nature. At the present time he is affiliated i
with the Fulcher Concrete Block & Paving Company, a new indus- ]
trial enterprise in the early, though not experimental, stages of j
development which has a very promising future and is destined to \
revolutionize the building industry of the world. In addition he !
has come to be recognized as an authority in the pigeon industry, |
having brought into existence some of the finest specimens of birds j
which the western coast has been able to boast of. He was born in 1
Oakland, California, April 3, 1876, and is the son of the late William
Thomas Frederick and Natalie ( Fischer) Kleeman. His father was '
born in the province of Posen, Germany, December 21, 1829, and
attended the public schools there, receiving his preliminary educa
tion. After a further preparatory course in government schools he
entered the army with a commission of first lieutenant, with which
rank he served until he resigned at the age of twenty-three years.
Hearing of the fabulous gold Helds of this state then opening up. lu'
migrated to California hy way of the Isthmus of Panama. Thiv
however, was not without its difficulties, for in addition to the storni\
and dangerous passage experienced in crossing the Atlantic oceaii
he contracted the vellow fever together with twentv-one others in ,
the party. The entire party were cared for on the isthmus as well

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 305

as was possible with the crude methods then existant, he being one
of four to survive the terrible ordeal. Coming thence to San Fran-
cisco, he very shortly followed the roving spirit of the early d.ay
miners and located in Trinity county, where he began mining,
accumulating enough to enable him at the end of five years to open
a general merchandise store. In this he was eminently successful
and at the end of five years sold same to enlist under his adopted
country's flag in the war of the rebellion as a Union soldier. This
was in 1861. His service was valuable in the cause in which he
enlisted on account of his previous army experience. His entire
period of enlistment covered four years, after which he was honor-
ably discharged at Washington, D. C, in 1865. Again feeling the
magnetism of his adopted state, he soon set forth for San Francisco,
where he established a wholesale paper collar business, manufac-
turing paper collars for men. This venture proved extremely profit-
able owing to his large acquaintanceship, in fact, so much so, that
the enterprising firm of Murphy & Grant, wishing to stifle competi-
tion, in addition to buying out his business, paid him a bonus of five
thousand dollars to permanently retire from said business. He was
married in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Miss Natalie Fischer on
the 29th day of May, 1874. She survives, but Mr. Kleeman passed
away March 13, 1898, leaving his beloved companion well provided
for against the worries of business life.

Dr. Kleeman, whose name introduces this record, was a student
in the grammar and high schools of Oakland until he graduated at
the early age of seventeen years. In preparation for his medical
career he immediately entered the Polytechnic College, remaining
two vears. He afterward attended the University of Illinois as a
medical student for three years, on the expiration of which period
he returned to Oakland and matriculated in the College of Physi-
cians and Surgeons of San Francisco, from which he was graduated
with signal honors in 1903. Still deeming this insufficient from a
theoretical standpoint, he immediately entered the Cooper Medical
College of San Francisco, pursuing a post graduate course and spe-
cializing in surgery. Upon completing his course he immediately
opened offices in the Bacon block in the city of Oakland, where he
remained until March, 1913, when on account of a disastrous fire
which consumed to a large extent his medical instruments, he moved
to the Blake block. The Doctor is progressive in thought as well
as action and believes in keeping abreast with the latest discoveries
in his profession, and in accordance with this view has endeavored
to and has every two years since graduating attended some notable

806 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

institution in the United States in quest of advanced kncnvledge. He
has visited the famous Mayo Institution of Rochester, Minnesota,
which is without a peer in the surgical world. He has also attended
instructions in connection with the Polyclinic and Bellevue Hospital
of New York City. His practice is now extensive and of a most
important character, and his success has come as the direct result
of his ability due to his broad study, research and wide experience.
During the terrible conflagration at San Francisco in 1906 the doctor
was one of those to sufTer, losing everything he possessed. Not to
be daunted, however, he immediately got busy and since that time
has gained wonderful success, so much so, that he might readily be
termed a self-made man, a proud cognomen attached to men of
American genius and ability. As before stated, he is prominently
connected with the Fulcher Concrete Block & Paving Company,
being a large stockholder.

Dr. Kleeman was married in San Francisco on the 17th of May,
1906, shortly after the fire and earthquake, to Miss Etta Tiedeman.
and they have become the happy and proud parents of two children:
George William and Marietta Martina, aged respectively six and
two years. The doctor is a Protestant in his religious beliefs, and
his political faith is allied with that of the republican party. In
addition to being a member of the Native Sons of the Golden West,
he is affiliated with the Elk's. Along strictly professional lines he
is connected with the Alameda County Medical Society, the State
Medical Association and the American Medical Association, which
keeps him in close ttnich with the advanced thought of the profes-
sion. Year by year his knowledge and ability have increased, and
he is today one of the most successful physicians and surgeons on the
Pacific coast.

STEPHEN KULCHAR.

Stephen Kulchar is now engaged in the manufacture of office
and bank fixtures in Oakland and has a large and profitable business.
There is great credit due him for what he has achieved, for he has
reached an independent position in life entirely through his own
efforts. Long years of experience along that line in this and foreign
countries make him an expert, and some of the largest contracts ever
let in Alameda county have been handled by his firm. Mr. Kulchar
is vet a comparatively young man and is a worthy type of the sue-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 307

cessful American business man of today. He was born in Austria-
Hungary, March 12, 1876, and is a son of John and Julia Kulchar.

Stephen Kulchar attended the public schools of his native city
and subsequently was a student in the Polytechnic School until he
had reached his sixteenth year. He then attended a manual training
school, from which he graduated at the age of seventeen, and subse-
quently worked as a cabinetmaker in various places in Hungary
until 1896, when he went to Paris, France, where he followed his
trade for one year. At the end of that time he crossed the channel
to London, England, where he worked as a cabinetmaker for two
and one-half years, and then came to this country, working at his
trade in New York city for two years. At the end of that time, in
1902, he came to Oakland, accepting a position as cabinetmaker
for W. T. Veitch & Brothers, with which firm he remained for five
years. Having acquired the means to make himself independent
and having gained all the experience necessary, he then established
himself in business and has since continued in the manufacture of
office and bank fixtures. Among the many contracts which he has
had are the following: The entire finishing of the Kahn Brothers
store, at a cost of one hundred thousand dollars; the work in the
Pantages Theater, which cost the same sum of monev; the work in
the Young Men's Christian Association building, Heeseman's store,
the Lem Williams store, the Bradden residence, the store of M. J.
Keller, all of the woodwork in the Bercovich cigar stores and the
Central National Bank. In addition he has done part of the work
in practically all of Oakland's banks. He is a very reliable, trust-
worthy man, and his work is of the highest class. In his particular
line there is no one today in Alameda county who turns out finish-
ings of better workmanship.

At Newark, New Jersey, in 1900, Mr. Kulchar married Miss
Sophie Misoebs and they have five children, George Victor, Helen,
Sophie, Ruby and Alice, who are respectively twelve, ten, eight,
six and five years of age. Fraternally Mr. Kulchar is a member
of the council in the Masonic order and also belongs to the Royal
Arch degree. He is likewise affiliated with the Oakland Commer-
cial Club, in which he serves on the manufacturers' committee, and
the Chamber of Commerce, and is in full sympathy with the pro-
gressive movements of these organizations. He also holds mem-
bership in the Young Men's Christian Association. Politically he
is a republican and interested in the welfare of his party but not a
politician, although he is ever ready to support enterprises which
may prove of value to his city and county. His religious faith is

;j()8 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

that of the Unitarian church. Mr. Kulchar has won many friends
since coming to Oakland, and all admire him for his steadfastness
of purpose, his determination, his industry and his business ability.
And yet while he has promoted his own interests, he has always been
considerate of others and has never lost sight of the general welfare.

JESSE PROUTY MEEHAN.

Jesse Proutv Meehan, veteran of the Civil war, and today
prominently connected with business interests of Oakland as presi-
dent of the Yosemite Laundry Company, was born in Fort Edwards,
Washington county, New York, January 12, 1^43, and is a son of
John and Elizabeth Meehan.

In the acquireniLMit of an education he attended school in Albany,
New York, to which city his parents had moved, and continued
until he was sixteen years of age. At that time he became connected
with the New York Central Railroad and engaged in this work until
April 29, 1 86 1, when he enlisted in Company R, Twenty-fifth New
York Volunteers. After three months' service he himself raised a
company for the Forty-third New York Volunteers, and with it
served until the fall of 1862, when he received his honorable dis-
charge. With a creditable militarv record he returned to Albany
and resumed his connections with the New York Central Railroad,
remaining with it until 1868. In that year he went to Chicago,
Illinois, where he accepted a position with the Pullman Company.
After one year his ability gained him advancement to the position of
assistant superintendent, and he held this until 1883, when he was
transferred to San Francisco as superintendent of the Pacific division.
He has since remained an honored and respected resident of this
community, and the years have been marked by continued success
in managing the affairs of his responsible position. Hci retired
from active service in 1902, after being with the company thirty-four
years, eighteen of which were spent on the coast.

He then associated himself with his brother-in-law, Josepii M.
Kclley, and together they founded the Yosemite Laundry Company,
of which Mr. Meehan has since become president. Their principal
work is for the Pullman Company on all lines terminating in Oak-
land, San Francisco and Richmond and they have a large and well
managed plant, where seventy people are constantly employed. As
president of this concern Mr. Meehan's executive and organizing

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 309

ability has been called forth, and the success of the institution is due
largely to his ability and foresight.

In Chicago, on the 19th day of January, 1885, Mr. Meehan was
united in marriage to Miss Kate M. Kelley. They are members of
the Roman Catholic church, and Mr. Meehan gives his political
allegiance to the republican party. He belongs to the National
Union and is one of the charter members and hrst ex-president of
California Council, also the Society of New Yorkers and is well
known in the George H. Thomas Post of San Francisco, of the Grand
Army of the Republic, of which post he is a member, thus keeping
in touch with his comrades of fifty years ago. He has resided in
Oakland for thirty-one years and has won during that time promi-
nence and substantial fortune and that true success that lies in the
confidence, regard and esteem of many friends. Mr. Meehan's first
trip to the coast was in 1870, with the Boston Board of Trade excur-
sion, which was the first one made after the completion and connec-
tion of the Union and Central Pacific Roads at Promontory. At the
present time Mr. Meehan is the oldest living officer of the Pullman
Company, as he entered the service August ist, 1868, forty-six vears
ago.

JOSEPH CLEMENT BATES, Jr.

Joseph Clement Bates, Jr., for twenty-five years a resident of
Alameda, is known as one of that community's representative and
honored citizens. He has left the impress of his work and person-
ality upon the political history of the state and upon the public
thought and opinion of the city where he makes his home, and
today as cashier of the I'nited States mint occupies a position of
distinction which he has won worthily and which he richly deserves.
He is one of California's native sons, iiis birth having occurred in
San Francisco, August 10, 1871. His father was J. C. Bates, who
came to California in 1863 and who gained more than a local repu-
tation as the author of a book entitled "Bench and Bar of California."

Mr. Bates of this review remained in his native city until 1889
and then moved to Alameda, where he has since resided. A few
Years later he became prominent and active in local public life,
winning election to the state assembly in 1903 and again in 1901;.
In recognition of his able, beneficial and far-sighted work in the
lower house he was in 1906 elected to the senate and served during

310 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

the sessions of 1907 and 1909. His name figures conspicuously upon
legislative records, and he has been a promoter of many projects
which have found tiieir way to the statute books of tlie state. He is a
fearless champion of whatever course he believes to be right, and his
loyal defense of his honest convictions formed one of the strongest
elements in his success in political circles. Mr. Bates left the senate
in 1909 to become cashier of the Tnited States mint in San Francisco,
a position which he now holds and the duties of which he discharges
with ability and conscientiousness.

Mr. Bates married Miss Caroline Williams of Concord, Cali-
fornia, and they have two children: Edith, aged nine; and Joseph,
six. Fraternally Mr. Bates is well known in the Masonic order,
holding membership in the lodge, chapter, Oakland Commandery
and the Mystic Shrine. He is identified also with the Native Sons
of the Golden West, the Elks and the Woodmen of the World. Few-
men have done more effective work in the public service, and the
record of none lias been more faultless in honor.

WALTER R. RIDEOUT.

Walter R. Rideout, who enjoys recognition as one of the leading
and enterprising business men of Oakland, has won merited suc-
cess as president of the W. R. Rideout Company, engaged in general
transportation. His birth occurred in Oak Valley, California, on
the I ith of July, 1S67, his parents being J. R. and Alvira Rideout.

Ill iS6g the family home was established in Marysville, Yuba
couiitv, and there our subject pursued his education until eleven
vears of age, when his parents removed to San Francisco, where he
attended the public schools until a youth of sixteen. Subseiiuentlv
he became a li reman in the employ of his father, who owned a river
steamer, and later acted as engineer and then as pilot, being the only
man holding an engineer's and pilot's license at the age of twenty-
one. He ser\ed as pilot on the steamer Alvira until 1H93 and after-
ward acted as pilot of the steamer 'I'rilby for a year and a half or
until his father sold it to the Sacramento Transportation Company.
He next served as pilot on the Pride of the River for a year and
atferward built the steamer l^'ort Bragg, which he ran for two years
and then sold to the Sacramento 'I'ransportation Company. Subse-
(luently he joined his brotlicr, E. V. Rideout, for the coneluct of a
shipping and transportation business in San Francisco, and in 1910

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 311

Walter R. Rideout came to Oakland to establish the trans-bay
shipping end of the business, organizing a separate company of which
lie became president. The company in Oakland is known as the
W. R. Rideout Company and does a general transportation busi-
ness, operating three steamers, two barges and one tug boat. Walter
R. Rideout is the first man to make the transportation business a suc-
cess in Oakland.

The following is an excerpt from a publication called Greater
Oakland, published in 191 i : "One of the most progressive and larg-
est concerns of its kind in Alameda county is the W^ R. Rideout
Company, wliose big warehouse and yards are located on the water-
front at the foot of Webster street. The business was established
about live years ago, and under the able management of its hustling
and progressive president, Walter R. Rideout, it has steadily grown
to its present proportions. In 1910 Mr. Rideout established the
trans-bay shipping end of the business, and the company is now in a
position to handle the biggest contracts for the transportation of
freight between San Francisco and Oakland, Alameda and Berkeley,
riie concern operates the following freight boats: the Alviso, one
hundred and fifty tons, and the Juliette, four hundred tons. About a
year ago, following out its policy of doing everything possible ti)
increase the efficiency of its service, the company inaugurated the
use of auto-trucks for deliveries, and up to date have purchased six
of these big trucks, which means the investment of nearly thirty
thousand dollars for autos alone. The company gives employment
to some seventy-two men, and the annual pay roll amounts to fifty-
one thousand, two hundred dollars, which adds materially to the
general prosperity of Oakland. The concern transfer from one hun-
dred and fifty to one hundred and seventy-five tons of freight per day,
doing mere business than all the rest of the transfer companies com-
bined. The warehouse, which is situated directly on the water front,
with excellent shipping facilities, is three hundred and fifty feet long
by seventy-five feet wide. In addition to the auto-truck service,
the company operate about fifteen teams. The company practically
controls the trans-bay freighting business, doing all the work of the
Pacific Hardware Company, Dunham, Carrigan & Hayden, Lally &
Company, Holbrook, Merrill & Stetson, Haas Brothers, N. O. Nel-
son, Whittier-Coburn & Company, Bass-Hueter Paint Company,
N. R. Nason, Sherwin-Williams Company, Wellman-Peck Com-
pany. J. H. Newbauer, Sussman-Wormser Company, Tillmann &
Bendel, L. T. Snow, M. Getz, Getz Brothers, Hooper & Jennings,
A. P. Hotaling, Italian-Swiss Colony Wine Company and iiun-

:n2 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

dreds of others. Walter R. Rideout, the congenial head of this con-
cern, is one of the best known and most popular business men in the
citv. He is a man of generous proportions and big ideas. While
shrewd and energetic in business matters, all those who know him
find in him a good fellow, generous to a fault and a stanch friend."

In politics Mr. Rideout is a republican, while in religious faith
he is a Protestant. He is a valued member of the Chamber of Com-
merce and the Board of Trade and also belongs to the Woodmen of
the \\'orld. His fellow townsmen recognize his merit and ability
and his business colleagues and contemporaries entertain the warm-
est admiration for his many good qualities.

HERBERT P. GLASIER.

Herbert P. Glasier is now president and manager of tiie Oakland
Cream Depot, with which he hrst became identified as bookkeeper
in 1892. His birth occurred in Ann Arbor, Michigan, on the loth
of November, 1864, his parents being Rich and Anna Glasier. He
attended the graded and high schools until fourteen years of age and
subsequently went to Tower City, North Dakota, where he was
engaged in farming for two and a half years. On the expiration of
that period he made his way to The Dalles, Oregon, where he was
employed as a hotel clerk for three years. He then followed farming
in Washington territory for a few months and afterward carried on
agricultural pursuits in the Sacremento valley of California for two
years. Returning to The Dalles, Oregon, he was there employed as a
drug clerk until 1892, when he came to Oakland, California, and
secured a position as bookkeeper with the Oakland Cream Depot.

In 1893 -^''"- Glasier began to institute needed reforms in the milk
business. The hrst thing necessary was an accurate and detaild
knowledge of cverv branch of tiie business, and lie accordinglx
worked in every department until he knew not only all of the proc-
esses used, but their relation to each other, and their elifect upon the
quality of the product. He then began to institute beneficial change-
and among other things did away with the use of preservatives in milk
which was tlien common. Bicarbonate of soda and boracic acul
were among those most frequently employed. He eliminated their
use cntire!\ in the Oakland Cream Depot and built instead coolers
which were found to be very efiicient and absolutely without injur-
ious efiects. His plan is now generally used in this localitv. In

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 313

1894 the enterprise was incorporated and Mr. Glasier became its
secretary, while upon the retirement of the president, Mr. Bliss,
in 1909, he was made chief executive officer of the concern. It
employs thirty-eight people in Oakland, has eight cream buyers in
the country and utilizes seven wagons and five automobiles. It is
the largest butter manufacturing company in Alameda county and
the oldest in the city. It was :.lso the first concern in the state to
undertake the centralizing of butter making. Its brand is known as
the O. C. D. and is a high grade product in all respects. The fineness
of its quality is shown by the rapid growth in the number of pounds
sold. The first year the output was two hundred and thirty pounds,
but now four thousand pounds are used annually in Oakland and
vicinity. Much of the growth of the concern is due to the able
management and direction of Mr. Glasier, who is widely recognized
as a man of excellent business ability and sound judgment.

In June, 1894, i" Oakland, Mr. Glasier was united in marriage
to Miss Carrie Hefty, by whom he has three children, namely:
Harold, who is sixteen years of age and attends high school; Eunice,
a maiden of fourteen, who is a high-school student; and Alice, ten
years old, who is also attending the public schools. Mr. Glasier exer-
cises his right of franchise in support of men and measures of the
republican party, being convinced that its principles are most con-
ducive to good government. He is a member of the Woodmen of
the World and also belongs to the Junior Order. He is known as a
steady, reliable, persevering man and whatever he undertakes he
carries forward to successful completion. This reputation has made
him a person on whom his associates can always depend and he is
known for his upright character and his straight-forward dealings in
both social and business circles.

ALVIN W. BAKER.

A period of connection with the Southern Pacific Railroad Com-
panv dating from 1877 has brought Alvin W. Baker to a pt)sition
of trust and responsibility with that great corporation, which num-
bers him among its most reliable and worthy representatives. He
has risen through department after department in the service and
is now land and tax agent for the company at Oakland, a position
which he lias filled with credit and ability since Tunc, 1910.

.•!14 HISTORY OF ALA:\[1:DA COUNTY

Alvin \y. Baker was reared at home and acquired a public-
school education. He laid aside his books at the early age of six-
teen and afterward worked for his brother, who conducted a drug
store, postoffice and express office. Later Mr. Baker turned his
attention to railroading, becoming connected with the Southern
Pacific Railroad Company in 1877 as telegraph operator, working
at various points in California, Nevada and Arizona. In 1879 he
was put upon the company's regular stafif of employes and rose
rapidlv to a responsible position, being given charge of the main-
tenance of way department in Oakland in 1884. For ten years
thereafter he did capable and farsighted work in this capacity and
at the expiration of that time was transferred to Oakland Pier as
chief clerk. He held this position until 1903, when he was made
assistant superintendent. In June, 1910, he was again transferred
to the citv of Oakland and made land and tax agent at this point.
He has learned the railroad business through long and practical
experience in its various departments, and his executive ability and
keen business insight well qualify him for the responsible position
which he now holds.

Fraternally Mr. Baker is connected with the Benevolent Pro-
tective Order of Elks, the Masons and the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows. He is liberal in his political views and has never
sought public office, although he is at all times interested in projects
to advance the general welfare of the community. He has been
instrumental in bringing a number of manufacturing plants and
other concerns to Oakland and has done a great deal for the city
along lines of progress and growth. He is largely responsible for
his own success, which he has gained thr(Kigh his energy, ambition
and ability — qualities which have established him among the repre-
sentative men of Oakland.

L. E. GRIMM.

L. E. Grimm, a successful and prominent representative of real-
estate interests in Oakland, has been a resident of this city since
i(;()6. His birth occurred in Oakland Citv, Indiana, on the 8th of
March, 1874, his parents being George \N'. and Sarah Grimm. He
began his education in the public schools and subsequently attended
Princeton College and the Oakland City College of his native town,
while later he continuc^^ his stuiiies in the Indiana State Normal

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 315

School at Terre Haute. He next pursued a course in law at the
John Marshall Law School of Chicago and after leaving that insti-
tution in 1894 embarked in the real-estate business in that citv, there
conducting his interests until 1906. In the latter year he came to
Oakland, California, and took the position of manager with the
M. T. Minney Real Estate Company, and for a time was the high-
est salaried man in the city, receiving a thousand dollars per month.
In 191 1 he embarked in business on his own account and has since
become very successful as a real-estate dealer, ranking among the
leading representatives of that business in Oakland.

In July, 1904, in Chicago, Mr. Grimm was united in marriage
to Miss Martha L. Moore, by whom he has five children His polit-
ical allegiance is given to the republican party, while fraternally he
is identified with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protec-
tive Order of Elks, being a life member of the latter. He also
belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and is a charter member of the
Oakland Commercial Club. In social and business circles he is
recognized as a man of genuine personal worth who well deserves
the widespread respect and esteem which he enjoys.

THOMAS KELLY

Thomas Kelly, a well known and respected citizen of Oakland,
has done valuable work as superintendent of St. Mary's cemeterv,
which position he has held for the past fourteen years. His birth
occurred in County Carlow, Ireland, on the nth of January, 1867,
his parents being Thomas and Margaret Kelly. He attended the
public schools of his native land until seventeen years of age and then
crossed the Atlantic to the United States, first spending eight months
in New York city as a freight handler in the service of the Pennsyl-
vania Railroad. Subsequentlv he came to Oakland, California,
here working in the car department of the Southern Pacific Railroad
Company until iScj^, wiicn he was transferred to San Jose as car
inspector. In 1 S99 he returned to Oakland and became superin-
tendent of St. Mary's cemetery, the duties of which position he has
ablv and creditably discharged to the present time. The cemetery
comprises thirtv-fivc acres. When Mr. Kelly took charge it was in
a state of neglect, but he has since transformed it into a beautiful
garden spcH, setting out trees and making various other improve-
ments.

316 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

In ills political views Mr. Kelly is a republican and exercises
his rii^ht of franchise in support of the men and measures of that
party. He is a devout communicant of the Catholic church and
also belongs to the Knights of Columbus, e.xemplifying the teachings
of both in his daily life.

HON. GEORGE SAMUELS.

As one of the prominent citizens of Alameda county Hon. George
Samuels of Oakland is assisting materially in the development of
the be:t interests of the section, filling the position of judge of the
police court, to which he was elected in 1903, and to which he has
been continuouslv reelected since that time. He is a native of Leeds,
England, born February 18, 1859, and is a son of Barnet Samuels,
who many years previous to his death left England and came to
America, feeling that this country ofifered better opportunities for
himself and for his children. He took up his residence in Chicago
in 1865 and there engaged in business until he came to Oakland,
where he was numbered among the pioneer settlers.

Judge Samuels acquired his education in the public schools of
Chicago and in 1875 came to Oakland with the family. As a young
man he engaged in the mercantile business here, but being ambi-
tious and following his natural bent and inclination, he began the
studv of law. He entered law school, where he made an excellent
record as a student and passed his exarninations with high honors,
winning his admission to the bar of the supreme court of California
in 1S98. Almost immediately afterward he commenced practice,
and in the field to which he then turned his attention has remained
prominent and active since that time, the years bringing him suc-
cess, prominence and many iionors. He soon distinguished himself
for eloquence, for abilitv in argument and for comprehensive and
exact knowledge of the principles of law, and his excellent (jualiti-
cations drew to jiim extensive clientage and gained for him the place
he occupies todav among the leading jurists in this section of the
state.

His record as an able, farsighted and discriminating lawyer drew
public attention to his qualifications and accomplishments and led
to his appointment in 1899 ^^ assistant district attorney of Alameda
countv, thus beginning a public career which has extended over a
period of fifteen years and which has been higli in its purpose and

HON. GEOEGE SAMUELS

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 319

beneficial and far-reaching in its results. In 1903 he was elected
judge of the police court, and he has been reelected continuously
since that time, giving to the people of the city the services of a prac-
tical, strong and able lawyer as well as of an impartial, discriminat-
ing and incorruptible judge.

Judge Samuels married in Oakland in 1882 Miss Lily Steen, and
they became the parents of three children: Mrs. Irving Magnes;
Mervyn J., a graduate of the University of California College of
Law and now a practicing attornev in Oakland; and Boris L., a
student in high school.

Judge Samuels is a member of the Oakland Chamber of Com-
merce and is very prominent in fraternal circles, being past supreme
representative of the Knights of Pythia?, past noble grand of Oak-
land Lodge, No. 118, I. O. O. F., and past grand president of the
Independent Order of B'nai B'rith. He is a member of the Brook-
lyn lodge of Masons, belongs to Alcatraz Chapter, R. A. M., and
is affiliated also with the Sons of St. George. He holds a high place
in the confidence and esteem of the people of Oakland, and this has
been won bv merit and abilitv and held by the maintenance of the
principles of truth and honor upon which all of his life work has
been based. A man of broad and liberal mind and effective public
spirit, he does not only seek his personal advancement, but also gives
his time and attention to the duties which fall to the lot of a loyal
citizen.

CHARLES D. BENNETTS.

Charles D. Bennetts, living in Oakland, is serving as superin-
tendent of the commissary department for the San Francisco-Oak-
land Terminal Railwav. His birth occurred in lone, Amador
county, California, on the 6th of October, 1H77, his parents being
W. A. and Eva Bennetts. It was in 1865 that the father came to
this state, settling in lone, where he conducted a general merchandise
store until 1912. During the past two years he has lived retired in
San Jose.

Charles D. Bennetts attended the graded and high schools of
Oakland until his graduation in 1897 and then returned to lone, being
there employed as guard in the lone Preston School of Industry for
one vcar. On the expiration of that period he came back to Oakland
and tor five vears was engaged as clerk lor \\"ells Fargo & Companv.

:?20 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Subsequently he became identified with the San Francisco-Oakland
"Icrminal Railway as receiver, later was made storekeeper and after-
ward superintendent of the commissary department, in which capac-
ity he has since ably served.

On the i6th of April, 1903, in Sacramento, California, Mr. Ben-
netts was united in marriage to Miss Hazel Maude Luce, by whom
he has two children, Stewart and lone, who are ten and seven years
of age respectively. Both are public-school students. In politics
Mr. Bennetts is a stanch republican, while his religious faith is that
of the Methodist church. He is also a worthy exemplar of the
Masonic fraternity, belonging to Live Oak Lodge. He is well
known as a man of strict integrity and sterling worth, as well as busi-
ness capacity and enterprise, and his many admirable qualities have
placed him among the respected citizens of his communitv.

THOALAS P. EMIGH.

Thomas P. Emigh, engaged in the general insurance business in
Oakland, has been continuously identified with that field of endeavor
here since January, 1907, and is the county insurance expert. He
was born in Rio Vista, Solano county, California, in December, 1878,
a son of Thomas P. and Rachel (Lawhead) Emigh, the former a
native of the state of New York and the latter of Ohio. The father
came to California as one of the gold seekers of the '60s, but instead
of spending his time in the mines* he saw that there were good oppor-
tunities in the field of business Jand engaged in the mercantile end
warehouse business at Rio Arista, Solano county, in which he con-
tinued for many years, becoming one of the best known men of that
county, where he built up a business of large and profitable propor-
tions. He afterward removed to San Francisco, where he continued
in business for fifteen years and then retired from active commercial
life in 1902, having acquired a handsome CDmpetence which enabled
him to spend his remaining days in the enjoyment of a well earned
rest and enjov the comforts and some of the luxuries of life. From
1874 he made his home in Oakland, there continuing until his death,
which occurred in September, 1909, when he had reached the age
of seventy-two years. He was a valued and highly respected citizen
of Alameda county, where his memory is yet cherished and honored.
His widow spends much of her time at Ben Lomond, where she has j
a summer home. I

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 321

In his political views Mr. Emigh was a stalwart republican,
always active in support of the principles of the party yet never seek-
ing office as a reward for party fealty. He was equally prominent in
Masonry, holding membership in the craft for many years. He was
a past master of Rio Vista lodge and held membership in the Knights
Templar Commandery at Oakland. In all of his business afifairs he
displayed sound judgment and unfaltering enterprise, and his finan-
cial interests were varied and extensive. His opinions were highly
valued by other business men, and he commanded the high regard
and confidence of all with whom he came in contact.

Thomas P. Emigh, whose name introduces this review, spent his
boyhood days under the parental roof and in the acquirement of an
education attended the graded and high schools of Oakland until the
time of his graduation in 1899. Subsequently he spent three years as
office man in the service of the British American Insurance Com-
pany in San Francisco and then became country raan in the San Fran-
cisco office of the American Central Insurance Company of St. Louis,
Missouri, holding the latter position until January, 1907. At that
time he came to Oakland and embarked in the local insurance business
on his own account, representing the Continental Fire Insurance
Company and the Globe Indemnity Company, both of New York.
He has since won a gratifying measure of success in this connection,
writing a large amount of insurance annually.

In June, 1902, in Oakland, Mr. Emigh was united in marriage
to Miss Mabel Holmes, by whom he has one child, Weldon, who is
nine years of'age and a public-spirited student. He is a republican
in politics and a Protestant in religious faith, while fraternally he is
identified with the Masons, of which order he is a worthy exempler.
He is likewise a charter member of the Oakland Commercial Club.
Public-spirited and progressive, he takes part in all movements
undertaken in the interests of the city and is ever ready to participate
in the promotion of worthy public enterprises.

REMY J. PAVERT.

Remv ]. Pavert, who has been a successful and prominent repre-
sentative of building interests in Oakland since 1905, acts as vice
president of the Surety Mortgage & Building Company. His birth
occurred in Amsterdam, Holland, in April, 186S, his parents being
William \'an dc Pavert and Johanna Pcelen. He acquired his early

322 HISTORY (Ji' AF.A.MI'IDA CUUXTY

education in the public schools and subsec]ucntlv attended Liege Uni-
versity until graduated from that institution in 1886.

In that year he emigrated to the United States, settling first in
San Antonio, Florida, where he purchased an orange grove which
he operated for nine months. On the expiration of that period he
sold out and removed to San Francisco, California, being there cm-
ployed as a carpenter for one year by the firm of Keenan & Cranston,
building contractors, while subsequently he acted as foreman in their
service until 1893. He then embarked in business as a building con-
tractnr on his own account, remaining in San Francisco until 1901.
when he dispt)sed of his interests there and went to Baker City, Ore-
gon. At that place he carried on the contracting business for four
years, erecting fifty-two cottages which he sold on the easy payment
plan. In 1905 he became a building contractor of Oakland, first
erecting small cottages and gradually branching out into larger con-
struction. He has erected many important structures of the city and
has made a number of profitable investments. Purchasing the prop-
ertv at the corner of Eleventh and Madison streets, he built three
apartment houses tiiereon and sold them when completed. After-
ward he bought the land at the corner of Eleventh and Brush streets,
on which he also erected three apartment houses which were sold
when completed, and likewise built and sold two apartment houses
at the corner of Eleventh and Fallon streets. Next he purchased a
piece of land seventy-five by one hundred feet on Twelfth street, be-
tween Madison and Oak streets, and erected thereon a business block,
which he sold. Subsequently he bought the southwest corner of
Twelfth and Jackson streets, erecting thereon four garages which he
sold when completed, and afterward purchased the property at the
northwest corner of Thirteenth and Harrison streets for forty thou-
sand dollars, selling it three weeks later for sixty-five thous-
sand dollars. He next came into possession of a piece of property
embracing one hundred bv one hundred feet at the corner of Fif-
teenth and Jefferson streets, for which he paid seventy thousand dol-
lars. On lifty by Hfty feet thereof he erected a handsome hostelry
which is called the Sa\oy Hotel and in which he owns a half inferest.
The property is now valued at three hundred and eighty thousand
dollars. .Mr. I'avert also purchased lifty b\ seventy-five feet at the
southwest corner of Sixteenth and Jelf'erson streets for twenty-live
thousand dollars, and the property is toda\ worth si\t\-five thou-
sand dollars. Some time ago he bought a piece of land, twentv-six
bv eighty feet, facing three streets, at Se\enteenth and Broadway,
for forty-five thousand dollars and sold it a year later for eighty

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 323

thousand dollars. He has recently completed a one-story building
on Fifteenth street, near Broadway, covering fifty by one hundred
feet. He is widely recognized as a shrewd and able business man
and one whose prosperity is the merited reward of his wisely directed
undertakings.

In 1893, in San Francisco, Mr. Pavert was united in marriage
to Miss Clara Peterson, by whom he has one son, Frank. R., who is
nineteen years of age and a student in the College of Agriculture
of the University of California. Mr. Pavert is a democrat in politics
and is identified fraternally with the Benevolent Protective Order
of Elks. He has gained many friends in both business and social
circles of Oakland, and his life record is creditable alike to the land
of his birth and that of his adoption.

THOMAS COOK STODDARD.

Thomas Cook Stoddard, a representative and respected citizen
of Alameda, now holds the responsible position of postmaster of
that citv, to which he was appointed July 18, 1913. His birth
occurred in Farmington, Iowa, on the 4th of February, 1855. His
father, Asa Church Stoddard, who was born in Ohio on the 13th of
August, 1826, came to California in 1873 and was engaged in the
milling business for a great many years. His demise occurred on
the 23d of June, 1909. His wife was Mrs. Sarah Hawkins, a native
of Indiana, whose father, Mr. Cook, was one of the few slave owners
(jf North Carolina who liberated his bondsmen. Mr. Cook removed
to Indiana and later to Iowa and spent the remainder of his life in
that state. Th(jmas C. Stoddard of this review is descended from
Jonathan Stoddard, who came to the United States in 1639. General
.Amos Stoddard, a descendant of this family, was the first governor
I if Louisiana territory, being appointed by the president of the nation.

Thomas C. Stoddard attended the public schools of liis native city
until 1870 and subsequently held various positions for some time. In
1873 he came to California and secured a position as telegraph oper-
ator with the Western Union Telegraph Company in San Jose, while
subsequently he spent a short time at l^jmbstone, Arizona. Return-
ing to this state, he took up his abode in Alameda and for seven years
was connected with the Narrow Gauge Railroad as telegraph oper-
ator. On the expiration of that period he went to work for his father,
who conducted a planing mill as a member of the firm of Stoddard

324 HISTORY OF AT.AMEDA COUNTY

& Barber. In 1893 Thomas Stoddard was appointed postmaster of
Alameda, serving in that capacity for four and a half years and sub-
sequently spending about a year in the insurance business. In 1899
he became deputy county assessor under H. P. Dalton and served in
that capacity until he resigned to accept appointment to his present
position. His work in the office of deputy county assessor extended
over a period of fourteen years of most creditable service. He be-
longs to several prominent fraternal orders in Alameda and has won
an extensive and favorable acquaintance during the many years of his
residence in this county.

JOHN MITCHELL.

Among the prominent and highly esteemed citizens of Alameda
county is John Mitchell, chairman of the state board of equalization
and a resident of Oakland. He was born of Scotch parentage in
Saint Andrews, Montreal, Canada, January i, 1862. He is a son of
the Rev. Andrew and Elizabeth (Patton) Mitchell. His father was
a Baptist minister who had been graduated from Andover (Mass.)
Theological Seminary. For a time he was in Canada and then re-
turned to the United States, serving his denomination until 1878,
when he came to Oakland and retired to private life. It was there
he died at the age of eighty-two years.

Following the removal of the family across the border into the
United States, Mr. Mitchell attended the public schools in Chester,
New Hampshire, afterward becoming a student in the Chester Acad-
emy, in which he continued until fifteen years of age. After leaving
school he took up the study of shoe designing and was in the leather
business for twelve years. He then came to Oakland and entered
the shoe store supply business with S. H. Steward, under the firm
name of Mitchell and Steward. This relation was maintained until
1899, when Mr. Mitchell retired from the business. In 1896 Mr.
Mitchell was elected supervisor of the Hfth district and served as
such for twelve years, being for eight years chairman of the board
of supervisors. Continuously he has held office for eighteen years
and the record which he has made is most commendable. In 19 10 he
was elected to the state board of equalization and following the
resignation of Hon. A. B. Nye, he was elected chairman and still
occupies the position. The important duties of the position are faith-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 325

fully and capably discharged and fairness, justice and progress have
characterized him in all of his official capacities.

In 1903 he joined Jas. T. Gardner in the wholesale and retail
grocery business under the name of the Gardner-Mitchell Company.
They first established a place of business on Broadway and later on
Telegraph avenue.

In December, 1882. Mr. Mitchell was married in Berkeley, Cali-
fornia, to Miss Minnie A. Gibbons, the daughter of Henry and Me-
lissa (Merryfield) Gibbons, and unto them have been born five chil-
dren, three sons and two daughters: Elsie; Edna, deceased; John
G.; Raymond A.; and Trueman H.

He was one of the organizers of the Oakland Chamber of Com-
merce, and served as one of the directors.

Mr. Mitchell is a Mason, holding membership in the Live Oak
Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is like-
wise a member of the Athenian Club and the Nile Club and has
served as one of the directors. In social connections he has gained
many friends, while in his business and official life he has won the
high regard, confidence and good-will of his colleagues and asso-
ciates.

NEAL J. V;cKEON.

Neal J. McKeon, a well kncnvn and successful citizen of Oak-
land, has been engaged in the real-estate business for the past si.\ years
and prior to that time served as secretary and manager of the Oak-
land Title & Abstract Company, a concern which he organized. He
was born in San Francisco in August, 1872, and acquired his more
advanced education in Christian Brothers College of Sacramento.
After leaving that institution he came to Oakland and in the capacitv
of office boy entered the employ of the abstract and title firm known
as the Gustave L. Mix Company. Promotion came to him as he
demonsti-ated his ability in the discharge of the duties intrusted to
him, so that he filled positions of greater and greater importance and
eventually acquired control of the business.

In March, 1906, he organized the Oakland Title & Abstract
Company, which was formed by the consolidation of a number of
similar companies that had been in operation for from twentv to
Hftv vears in this locality. The concern was capitalized for one hun-

;326 HISTORY OF AT.AIMEDA COUNTY

dred thousand dollars, and the following officers were installed:
Charles E. Palmer, president; James P. Edofif, vice president; Neal
J. McKeon, secretary and manager; and Arthur H. Breed, treasurer.
In a local publication the company was mentioned as follows : "They
are equipped for the most complete work in their line, having a com-
plete set of books of all records of Alameda county in their office,
and have proven themselves thoroughly in touch with all modern
methods, system and despatch in conducting their work. The com-
pany is regarded not only as the oldest and the most thoroughly re-
liable in Alameda county, in all its dealings, but enjoys public ap-
proval also for promptness and despatch with which orders are exe-
cuted." On the igth of March, iqo8, Mr. McKeon disposed of his
interest in that concern and embarked in the real-estate business, in
which he has remained continuously to the present time with excel-
lent success. Oakland has long numbered him among its most enter-
prising, prosperous and esteemed citizens.

W. T. BAKER.

W. T. Baker is president of the W. T. Baker Company, a large
concern engaged in the general painting and wallpapering business.
Their patronage comes not alone from Oakland, but from all over
the coast and the excellence of their work insures continued success.
Mr. Baker is a native of Liverpool, England, born October 2, 1865.
He attended the public schools of his native country until he reached
the age of fourteen years and then went to sea. As a sailor he made
the trip around Cape Horn to San Francisco, where he arrived in
1880. In that year he was apprenticed to the painter's trade in
Berkeley under \\'illiam Lingard, with whom he remained until
1888, after which he came to Oakland. In this city he worked at his
trade with various firms until 1890, when he engaged with ^^'. W.
Tucker & Company as a painter. He worked his way upward un-
til he became vice president of the company in 1908, and in 1912
he sold his interest in that firm and formed what is now the W. T.
Baker Company, of which he is the president. In March, 1913,
they took over the business of W. W. Tucker & Company ami are
now controlling an extensive trade.

Mr. Baker was married in Oakland to Miss Annie Young, of
V^irginia City, Nevada, on the 12th of November, 1891, and they
have a pleasant home in Oakland, where w arm friendship is accDrded

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 327

them by many who knew them. Mr. Baker has never had occasion
to regret his determination to come to the United States, for in this
country he found the opportunities which he sought and which, by
the way, are always open to ambitious, energetic young men. He
worked diligently to acquaint himself with the business in which he
is now successfully engaged, and as the years have gone by he has
worked his way steadilv upward in this connection until he is now at
the head of one of the foremost enterprises of the kind on the coast.

JOSEPH E. CAINE.

There are few men better qualified to speak authoritatively upon
commercial conditions and the methods of municipal commercial de-
velopment than Joseph E. Caine, who for the past year has filled
the important position of secretary and manager of the Oakland
Commercial Club. He thoroughly studies the questions that have to
do with business progress and exploitation, knows the best methods
of holding out inducements and realizes the fact that at all times
promises must be substantiated.

His life record had its beginning in Salt Lake City, Utah, on the
i6th of April, 1867. His father, John T. Caine, a pioneer resident
of Utah, was for many years one of the most eminent and widely
known public men of that state, which he represented in congress for
eleven years, from 1882 until 1893. For several terms he was a mem-
ber of the Utah senate and for a number of years was city recorder
of Salt Lake City. It was he who drafted the statehood bill upon
Utah's admission to the Union.

Liberal educational opportunities were accorded Joseph E.
Caine, who attended the University of Utah, the .ALaryland College
near WashingtcMi, D. C, and the United States Military Academy
at West Point. Upon his return to L'tah, he entered into active con-
nection with newspaper work, securing a position on the Salt Lake
Tribune, and during the period of his residence there he served for
two terms as a member of the board of public works of Salt Lake
City. When hostilities between Spain and the LInited States were
inaugurated in 1898 he was commissioned as captain of cavalrv and
given command of the First Troop LInited States Volunteer Cavalry,
an independent troop of one hundred mounted men. When the war
was over he was appointed superintendent ni the Voscmite National

;528 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Park and marched from the presidio of San Francisco to the park,
with his troop and a large pack train. He remained in the park
for four months.

In 1899 Mr. Caine returned to Utah and became casliier of the
Utah Commercial & Savings Bank, which position he retained until
1906. He then went to Nevada, where he had purchased some min-
ing interests, located in the well known Mason district, in which he
spent three years. In 1909 he returned to Salt Lake City and was
elected a member of the board of governors in the Salt Lake Com-
mercial Club. Following the death of the former secretary, Fisher
Harris, he succeeded him in that position and his efforts were an
influential element in the upbuilding of one of the strongest com-
mercial organizations of the west. He also organized the Commer-
cial Club Publicity Bureau, a subsidiary of the Commercial Club
and the Utah Development League, an alliance of all the commercial
clubs in the state of Utah.

During his absence from Utah Mr. Caine had retained his resi-
dence in that state and through the influence of his friends, in 1908
he consented to become a candidate for state treasurer. He has no
particular political ambition, however, and there are things about
political management not entirely to his taste. In fact, he prefers
to remain in the commercial club work, which he finds exceedingly
agreeable and for which he is undoubtedly well adapted, as has been
proven in the results which have attended his efTorts. While living
in Salt Lake City he was a member of the University Club of that
city.

On the I St of June, 1913, Mr. Caine came to Oakland to enter
upon the duties of secretary and manager of the newly created Oak-
land Commercial Club, the interests and policv of which he has
shaped and guided in its formati\e period. Ihe club was organized
for the purpose of binding together the interests of Oakland's citi-
zens, to promote its commercial and industrial development and to
cultivate a more intense civic spirit and greater fraternalism among
its business and professional men. In the Commercial Encyclopedia
of the Pacific Southwest was the following: "Mr. Caine came to
oLir citv thoroughly qualified by temperament and training to under-
take this work. His recent association with the Commercial Club of
Salt Lake City in the capacity of secretary and manager, in which
he built up that body from a membership of a few hundred to over
two tliDiisind, one of the strongest commercial bodies in the west,
has gi\ en him recognition as one of the ablest authorities on develop-
ment and upbuilding of western cities.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 329

"He has traveled extensively to various cities throughout the west,
studied the conditions and methods of publicity and encouraging in-
dustries, and has often been called upon to speak before commercial
bodies of the coast and mountain cities on the subject of civic develop-
ment. His ready and thorough understanding of the many problems
involved in development of cities and his natural aptitude for meet-
ing and mingling with men have made him eminently qualified for
the task to which he has been called, and has justified the judgment
of the committee in their selection."

Mr. Caine was married in 1889 to Miss Anna C. Hooper, of Salt
Lake City, a daughter of Captain William H. Hooper, who removed
to Utah during his association with Ben Holliday of Overland Stage
fame. Captain Hooper was a prominent banker and railroad
builder, and was one of the organizers and builders of the old Utah
Central Railroad, which later became a part of the Oregon Short
Line and the Los Angeles, San Pedro & Salt Lake Railroad systems.
For a number of terms he represented Utah in the national halls of
legislation and during his service as delegate to congress appointed
to the Naval Academy at Annapolis, Cadet Robley D. Evans, who
afterward became the famous admiral, familiarly known as "Fight-
ing Bob." Mr. and Mrs. Caine have four sons, three of whom are
students in the public schools of Oakland. Although the period of
residence of the family in this city has been brief, they have already
made warm friends here, and the circle is growing day by day. Mr.
Caine shows himself possessed of attractive social as well as business
qualities and Oakland feels that she has made no mistake in placing
him in his present responsible position, for his knowledge and energy
well qualify him for the duties which devolve upon him.

PATRICK A. KEARNEY.

Since 1893 Patrick A. Kearney has been connected with the
United States mint at San Francisco, and he has worked his way up-
ward through successive stages of progress and advancement to be
superintendent of the coining department, a position which he is
now filling with credit and ability. He is a native of Minnesota, born
in Heidelberg, February 22, 1871, and his father died when he was
still very young, but the mother lived until 191 1, when she passed
away in Alameda. At the age of three the subject of this review
was brought to California, and he accjuired his education in the

330 HISTORY OF AT.AMEDA COUNTY

public schools of Alameda, completing the usual course and after-
ward learning the machinist's trade at the National Iron X^'orks in
San Francisco. In 1893 he entered the United States mint as engin-
eer and proved able and conscientious in the discharge of his duties,
winning quick recognition and rapid advancement through various
positions of trust and responsibility to that of superintendent of the
coining department, an office which he now holds. He is recognized
as one of the able employes of the treasury department and to the
discharge of the duties which devolve upon him he brings a keen
business ability and discrimination and a power of handling and con-
trolling men. Throughout the course of his active career he has
steadily utilized all the opportunities which iiave come his way, and
his success is the natural reward of earnest, well directed and per-
sistent labor.

In San Francisco, in 1894. Mr. Kearney was united in marriage
to Miss Margaret May Reid, of that city, and they have four chil-
dren: Miriam, Roderick, Norma and Elinor. Fraternally Mr.
Kearnev is a member of the Loyal Order of Moose and is connected
with the Unitarian Club of Alameda. In the city where he has made
his home since he was three years of age he is well and favorably
known, for his many sterling qualities of mind and character com-
mand respect and esteem wherever they are known.

JOHN M. \'AN EVERY.

John M. Van Every, now engaged in the real-estate business in
Oakland, was for twenty-one years closely identified with the minis-
try ot the Methodist Episcopal church, in which connection he has
dune important work for mankind. He was born in Smithville, Lin-
coln county, Ontario, Canada, January 21, 1850, a son of John C. and
Louisa Van Every. At the usual age he became a public-school stu-
dent and afterward attended the high school until within a few weeks
of sixteen years of age, when he began teaching a school of eighty
pupils and thus continued for two years. He had this school engaged
for a third year, but resigned for a better as teacher near his native
town. He engaged in this profession until he reached tiie age of
twenty years, when he entered the Missouri conference of the Meth-
odi:it Episcopal church in 1870, having determined to devote his life
to the work of preaching the gospel. Having spent two and a half
vears in this conference, he was then transferred to the Detroit con-

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 331

ference of Michigan, where he remained for fourteen years, seven
ol which were spent on the Upper Peninsula in the Lake Superior
district.

]n 1872 he was sent to L'Anse, Michigan, which was a new town
without a Protestant church. Here Mr. Van Every organized a
society of five members and very soon erected a fine church, aiding
the enterprise by rolling the barrels of lime, piling the lumber and
soliciting and collecting money. He went to this place when twenty-
tw'/ years of age, and while there he was not only busily engaged in
building the church but was still pursuing his theological studies in
addition to preaching twice each Sunday and also at some outlying
points. One such point was a Welsh slate quarry, where he preached
once in two weeks in the middle of the week and to which he walked.
This quarry was fourteen miles from L'Anse, through a dense forest.
On two of his trips he lost his way, once sleeping out all night and
on the other occasion being unable to find the right direction from
early morning to night. When in charge of the church at L'Anse,
he also had the superintendency of the Chippewa Indian missions
for two hundred miles on the south shore of Lake Superior. At Han-
cock, in the Upper Peninsula, he made extensive church improve-
ments and conducted a gracious revival. He also spent a pastorate
at Ishpeming in the Lake Superior region, where he conducted a
very fruitful revival, adding about one hundred and fifty persons
to the membership. At Clayton and Dundee in Lower Michigan,
he not only conducted successful revivals, but at the latter place the
church experienced a phenomenal growth and increased interest in
the Sunday school work. When at Northville, near Detroit, the
church was wonderfuUv quickened under his ministry; and there. he
succeeded in erecting a beautiful house of worship.

Later he was transferred to Dakota, serving pastorates at such
important centers as Wahpeton, Jamestown and Bismarck. In 1889,
on account of the health of his wife, he came to California and ac-
cepted a pastorate at Grace Methodist church in Oakland. On the
expiration of this pastorate, in 1891, he retired from the active work
of the ministry. Indolence and idleness are utterly foreign to his
nature, and as he could not content himself to remain without some
pursuit or vocation, he entered the auditing department of the gen-
eral offices of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company in San Fran-
cisco, where he remained until June, 1912, when he was pensioned
bv that company. Since that time lie has been engaged in the real-
estate business in Oakland anti has negotiated a number of impor-
tant property transfers.

332 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

On the loth of September, 1873, Mr. Van Every was united in
marriage at Akron, Xcw "^'ortc. to Miss Fanny Crampton, and they
have become the parents of two children: Osmond, now a teller
of the State Savings Bank of Oakland; and Irene, who is at home.
On the 14th of April, 1903, Mr. Van Every became a member of the
Oakland Presbytery, and for fifteen years he has been connected
with the Knights of the Maccabees. His life has been strong, pur-
poseful and resultant. As the years have gone by he has accomplished
much good for mankind and for the organizations with which he
has been affiliated. He is today well known in the Bay cities and
his substantial traits of character have gained for him the warm
regard of all with whom he has been associated.

ANDREW W. McLIMONT.

Through the successive stages of orderly progression Andrew
W. McLimont has advanced to his present position of responsibility
and importance as manager of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal
Railways. Previous experience as electrical engineer and organizer
of traction properties qualified him for his present position, and his
ability brought him step by step upward until he attained the busi-
ness heights on which he now stands. His fellow citizens speak of
his thoroughness, capability and brilliancy in the control of impor-
tant business interests and recognize the fact that the Key Route sys-
tem will be carefully managed and directed not only for the benefit
of the stockholders but also for the welfare of the general public.

Mr. McLimont is a native of Quebec, Canada, born on March
26, 1872. His father, Andrew W. McLimont, Sr., was also a native
of Quebec, in which city he was reared and educated. He engaged
in the wholesale dry-goods business as half-owner in the William
McLimont Company and figured for many years as a leading and
important factor in commercial circles.

His son and namesake attended the public and normal schools
and was graduated at the age of seventeen years. He then engaged
with the Montreal Telegraph Company as operator in Ottawa, Can-
ada, that business being a branch <if the Edison Telephone Company
of the United States. In that connection he advanced and when he
left the service he was acting as inspector of telephones. He ne.xt
went to Nova Scotia as traveling inspector for the same company
and after a year proceeded to Boston, Massachusetts, where he be-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 335

came inspector of the New England Telegraph & Telephone Com-
pany, which he represented in various capacities until he went to
Lynn, Massachusetts, in the employ of the Thompson & Houston
Electric Company, and an early recognition of his unusual business
sagacity brought him quick advancement through the responsibilities
of such positions as engineer in charge of construction and installa-
tion of traction systems at Boston, Massachusetts, Nashville, Tennes-
see, Brooklyn, New York, Coney Island, Springfield, Illinois, Rock-
ford, Illinois, Dallas, Texas, Marquette, Michigan, Cedar Rapids,
Iowa, Houston, Texas, New Orleans, Galveston and other cities. He
thoroughly mastered every task assigned him and his broadening
powers fitted him for larger duties, while his fidelity won him ad-
vancement. He secured a position in the foreign department of
the General Electric Company and as such constructed electric sys-
tems in Brazil, the Argentine Republic, Peru, Costa Rica, Mexico
and other foreign countries. He afterward became consulting en-
gineer for the Federal Electric Company at New York and later
was in the employ of W. R. Grace & Company, by whom he was
sent to South America to install electric trolley systems. In 1907,
as electrical engineer, he became connected with the public service
commission for the first district of New York and as such upon him
devolved the task of making recommendations regarding the phys-
ical properties of the surface, elevated and subway lines of the greater
New York railway companies operating seven thousand electric cars,
twenty-four car houses and several large power houses. While thus
engaged with that commission he was also prominently connected
with making the appraisals of the New York city lines. In 1Q09
he left the public service commission to take the position of general
manager and treasurer of the Chicago & Milwaukee Railroad Com-
pany. In June, 1910, he accepted the position of vice president and
general manager of the Michigan United Railways, which now oper-
ate three hundred and sixty miles of interurban and urban lines at
Detroit, Michigan. Having become recognized as a standard au-
thority in his field, possessing technical and practical skill of superior
order, he was called into various districts and became vice presi-
dent and general manager of the Georgia Power Companv, which
operated a one hundred thousand kilowatt plant, located at Taliulah
Falls, supplying power in and about Atlanta, Georgia. At Kenosha,
Wisconsin, his interests centered in the Kenosha Railway & Light
Company, of which he became vice president, and he also occupied
the same position in the Vermont Consolidated Lighting Companies
of Montpelier, Vermont, and had charge of the operation of the

334 HISTORY OF ALA.MEDA COUNTY

plants. All of these different properties are controlled by George G.
Moore of Detroit, Michigan, and his associates. The business man-
agement of all of these has been directed by Mr. McLimont, whose
broad experience, ready adaptability and resourcefulness, whose keen
insight and indefatigable energy are features which contribute to
the growing and substantial success of any enterprise with which he
becomes connected. Removing to Oakland, he took charge of the
interests of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railways, recently
acquired by George G. Moore of Detroit, and the policy which he
instituted is bringing about excellent results in the development and
improvement of the system, in keeping with the progressive spirit
which is the basic element of California's rapid growth and develop-
ment. After taking charge he instituted plans for the installation
of up-to-date rolling stock, for the improvement of tracks and pave-
ment, and at once began seeking a solution of the problem brought
about by down-town congestion during the rush hours. He also
took up the study of the completion of the down-town Washington
Street Broadway loop system and has since carried forward the work
of improvement and progress to a notable degree.

On the qth of June, 1895, '''' New York city, Mr. McLimont was
married to .Miss Lois yi. Shaffner, and they have a daughter, who
bears the mother's name. Mr. McLimont is a member of the Athen-
ian Club and the Sequoia Club and also of the Oakland Commercial
Club. He is stil.l a comparatively young man, having not vet reached
the prime of life. His career, however, is notable in that he has
reached positions of management which might well be coveted bv
many a man much his senior. He seems to grasp all the details of
a situation almost at a glance and never loses sight of the important
features of any business interest. He is watchful, alert and deter-
mined and in his vocabulary there is no such word as fail.

JOSEPH LORAN PEASE, D. D. S.

Prominent among the representatives of the dental profession
in Oakland is Dr. Joseph Loran Pease, who is, moreover, a repre-
sentative citizen in various other connections. He was born at Boze-
man, Montana, May 22, 1873. His father, Joseph Alonzo Pease,
was a pioneer of that state and was closely identified with its upbuild-
ing and progress. He possessed a broad acquaintance and enjoyed the
high regard of all who knew him. for he was a man of unusually up-

DR. .KlSKI'll 1.. I'KA^

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 337

right character and nobility. He married Orvilla Kimpton and to
them were born nine children, all of whom reached manhood or
womanhood before she passed away. She was a most devoted wife
and mother and she was well known for her activity in church circles.

After attending the grammar schools of his native city Dr. Pease
of this review prepared at the Wisconsin Academy in Madison, Wis-
consin, to enter the State University, in which he continued his stud-
ies. His preparation for the profession of dentistry was made in the
Chicago College of Dental Surgery, from which he was graduated
in April, 1897. He was a student for a time in Rush Medical Col-
lege of Chicago and in 1901 took the degree of M. D. at the Pacific
Coast College of Medicine. His educational training was not con-
tinuous, however, for in early manhood he had followed stock-raising
in Montana and in Chicago he had engaged in clerking in a hardware
store. Since entering upon the active practice of his profession he
has made continuous advancement and in 1898 was elected cliniciiin
in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in San Francisco, which
position he filled until appointed a member of the California Board
of Dental Examiners, serving as president one term and as treasurer
for four terms. For two terms he was honored with the presidency
of the Alameda County Dental Society and he was president of the
Oakland Dental Club, while recently he has been made an associate
of the California Study Club. In addition to his practice, which
returns to him a substantial annual income, he is interested in real
estate, holding property in Oakland, in Fresno county, California,
and in Montana. In January, 1906, he was made a member of the
Board of Dental Examiners of California and continued in that office
until April, 1914. His high professional standing is indicated in the
fact that he has been made a member of the committee of organiza-
tion of the Panama Pacific Dental Congress and is a director of the
Pacific Dental Congress Commission of 1915. He holds to the high-
est professional standards and his own efficiency and skill have con-
stituted a stimulating example for others.

In his political views Dr. Pease is a republican but has never
aspired to local office, thinking that he can best serve the people of
his state and the dental profession by close attention to his duties as
a member of the board of dental examiners, with which he was con-
nected during the administrations of Governors Pardee, Gillett and
Johnson. He recently resigned to devote most of his time to the
practice of his profession.

At Oakland, on the 3d of June, 1903, Dr. Pease was married to
Miss Mable 'I'hornton Cage, a daughter of Stephen T. (jage, wlio

338 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

for many years was closely identified with the Southern Pacific Rail-
road Company as a director. He was prominent in the early devel-
opment of California and Nevada and is the only living electoral
messenger who supported President Lincoln, having been sent from
Nevada when but twenty-two years of age. Dr. and Mrs. Pease have
one son, Loran Thornton, nine years of age, who is a leader in his
classes in school and also possesses rare musical talent. He is a pupil
of Madame Von Hergott.

The parents hold membersliip in St. Paul's Episcopal church and
Dr. Pease belongs to the Men's Club of the church. Fraternally he
is a Mason, holding membership in Live Oak Lodge, No. 6i, F. &
A. AL, and in the different branches of York and Scottish Rite Ma-
sonrv. He is a past high priest of Aahmes Temple of the Mystic
Shrine. He also has membership in Oakland Lodge, No. 171, B. P.
O. E., and belongs to Psi Omega, a Greek letter dental fraternity. In
club circles he is well known as a member of the Commercial Club,
serving as a member of the public health commission, and he also
belongs to the Mount Diablo Park Club. Along strictly professional
lines his associations are with the Alameda County District Dental
Society and the California State Dental Association, having served as
director and vice president of the same. Dr. Pease was much inter-
ested in bringing about the Alameda county free clinic for indigent
and needv school children.

GAVIN AITCHISON.

In IQ05, after an eventful period of close identification with
milling interests in Alaska, Gavin Aitchison came to Alameda, turn-
ing his attention to the contracting and building business, in which
he has engaged continuously since that time. A spirit of enterprise
and progress has actuatcil him in all he has done and success has
steadily attended his well directed labors so that lie stands todav
among the representative and substantial business men of the citv.
He was born in Nova Scotia, July 9, 1855, and is a representative
of one of the pioneer families of that province, his maternal great-
grandfather having been one of the first settlers there and his. father.
James Aitchison, having come from his native Dumfriesshire, Scot-
land, to the province in 1834. He there turned his attention to gen-
eral farming and followed that occupation successfullv until his
death in 191 2. The mother of our subject was in her maidenhood

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 339

Miss Ann Bell, a daughter of Gavin and Mary (Irving) Bell, of
Scotland.

Gavin Aitchison acquired his education in the public schools of
his native province and at the early age of ten laid aside his books
in order to learn the carpentering business, completing his appren-
ticeship in 1879. He then became identified with mill work, taking
charge of the Balfour mills of Waugh's River, Nova Scotia, whence
after six months he came to the United States, settling in Boston,
Massachusetts, in 1885. There he took up the carpenter's trade but
after six months went to Waterbury, Connecticut, returning in 1886
to Waugh's River. There he again became connected with saw-
milling, which he followed for one year thereafter, going in 1887
to Spring Hill, Nova Scotia, and there entering the contracting
business for himself, thus beginning his independent career. He
left Nova Scotia for California on the ist of January, 1888, and
after his arrival in San Francisco obtained work as a carpenter for
the Spring Valley Water Company. In 1889 he secured a position
in the bridge department of the Southern Pacific Railroad and re-
tained it for four years, proving capable, eflicient and conscientious
in the discharge of his duties. From 1889 to 1898 he engaged in
the carpentering business in San Francisco and in the latter year
went to St. Michaels, where he worked as a carpenter on the con-
struction of the Northern Alaska Transportation Company's hotel.
From St. Michaels he went with dog teams to Gollivan bay as a
prospector and was with the party that discovered Ophir Creek,
a valuable property now owned and operated by the Northern Lights
Mining Company. In all Mr. Aitchison made six trips to Alaska
but in 1905 returned to California with the intention of remaining
permanently. He went to San Francisco and almost immediately
afterward came to Alameda, where he established himself as a gen-
eral contractor and builder. In this occupation he has engaged
since that time and the excellent work he has accomplished is the
best evidence of his ability and skill. He has erected many fine
homes and other structures in this city and in the neighborhood, his
buildings showing always excellent workmanship and artistic design.
As a result his patronage has steadily increased and it has now
reached extensive proportions, Mr. Aitchison being numbered among
the leading contractors and builders in this section of the countv.

Mr. Aitchison married Miss Mary Belle Matheson, a daughter
of Angus and Margaret (Monroe) Matheson, of Pictou countv. Nova
Scotia. Mr. and Mrs. Aitchison are the parents of seven children:
James Miller, aged thirty-three; Margaret Belle, thirty-one; John

.•i4U HISTORY Ol'" AI.A.MEDA COUNTY

Walter, twenty-nine; Alexander Gordon, twenty-seven; Ethel
Louise, twenty-Hve; and Mabel Irene and Gretta May, twins, aged
eighteen.

Fraternally Mr. Aitchison is a member of Oak. Grove Lodge,
No. 115, F. & A. AL, and he is president of the Alameda Improve-
ment Club, a position in which he has accomplished a great deal of
constructive and farsighted work. He is not a politician and the
honors and emoluments of office have no attraction for him. He
prefers rather to concentrate his attention upon his business affairs,
in whicli he has been very successful, and much credit is due to him
for the position he has attained among the substantial and represent-
ative business men of Alameda.

GEORGE H. HARRIS.

George H. Harris of Oakland is widely recognized as one of the
foremost railway and electrical engineers of the coast, being at pres-
ent general superintendent of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal
Railway, with head offices in Oakland.

Mr. Harris was born in Rome, Georgia, October 22, 1873, and
is a son of Frank H. and Sarah Harris. He attended the public
schools, graduating from the high school at the age of sixteen, and
then went to Cedartown, Georgia, where he took his degree from
the Harris School of Technology at the age of twenty. Returning
to Rome, he entered the engineering department of the Chattanooga,
Rome & Columbus Railroad, with whom he remained for six months.
He then went to Mississippi, where for a half year he was connected
with tlie engineering department of the Georgia Pacific Railway.
The next four moiitiis he spent in the same department of the Geor-
gia, Florida (S: .Alabama Railroad at Quitman, Georgia, and then
was for two months in the engineering department of the Brierfield,
l^lockton >S: Birmingham Railroad. After aci]uiring this valuable
experience he removed to Birmingiiam, Alabama, and engaged in
civil and mining engineering, continuing along tiiat line for about
half a year. He tiien became connected with the engineering de-
partment of the Birmingham Railway & Electric Company, later,
becoming chief engineer and remaining with that company until in
\()n] tiiey consolidated with several other street railway and lighting
companies, Mr. Harris becoming superintendent of transportation
and ci]uipnient. The companv was then called the Birmingiiam

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY . 341

Railway, Light & Power Company. Mr. Harris remained superin-
tendent until 1903 and then became general superintendent, con-
tinuing in this important position until January, 1914. He resigned
his office at that date in order to accept the general superintendency
of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railway in Oakland. Al-
though he has held this office for a comparatively short time, it is
quite evident that his vast experience will be of the greatest benefit
to his new company. During the period from 1903 to 1914 he was
also vice president and general manager of the Birmingham & Edge-
wood Electric Railway Company. Mr. Harris is still a director and
a member of the finance committee of the Merchants & Mechanics
Trust & Savings Bank of Birmingham.

On December 4, 1901, Mr. Harris married, at Rome, Georgia,
Miss Eva V. Camp, and they have one daughter, Josephine. Fra-
ternally Mr. Harris is a Knight of Pythias and along professional
lines belongs to the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and
the Engineering Association of the South, of which he is a past pres-
ident. His religious faith is that of the Methodist church. The
city of Oakland is to be congratulated upon having secured the serv-
ices of such an efficient and experienced man as Mr. Harris. In his
important office ha is in a position to greatly improve public trans-
portation facilities and there is no doubt that he will use his best
efforts in maintaining the standards of his road and in making its
expansion keep pace with the fast growth of the city.

LEROY W. POTTER.

Leroy W. Potter holds the important position of freight and pas-
senger agent of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway in Oak-
land. Bv training and inclination he is a railroad man and has
proven himself highly efficient in the office which he fills. He was
born near Xenia, Ohio, May 20, i860, and is the son of S. L. and
A. C. Potter. After completing his education he took up the study
of medicine for three years, which he was compelled to give up on
account of ill health. In 1882 he moved to South Dakota and
entered the service of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad
at Vermilion as assistant agent, later being promoted to agent, and
continuing in the service of that company in the various departments
until iM()7, when he resigned to come to California. The same vcar
he entered the service of the -Atcliison, Topeka & Santa Fe Raihvav

342 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

in Los Angeles, serving in track, oil and station departments at vari-
ous points until 1904, at which time he was transferred to Oakland
as cashier and chief clerk, serving in that capacity until 1906, when
he was appointed freight and passenger agent of the same system,
which position he now holds. His wide experience in railroad work
fits him eminently for this responsible position, which he tills to tlic
entire satisfaction of his company, and of the public in general.

Politically, Mr. Potter is a republican, but although interested in
the welfare of his party, he is not a politician. He is widely known
in fraternal circles, being a Mason of the York and Scottish Rites,
having attained the thirty-second degree in the latter. He is also
a member of and prominently identified with the Mystic Shrine.
In addition to the above he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights
of Pythias, the Independent Order of Foresters and the Modern
Woodmen of America and holds membership in both the Oakland
Commercial Club and the Nile Club.

Mr. Potter has attained prominence in the railroad world by close
application and incessant diligence in the exercise of his duties.
These qualities, combined with his high principles, are the founda-
tion of his success. He has many friends in Oakland, all of whom
respect and esteem him, and he is popular with those who work
with and under him, all of whom appreciate his justness and the
integrity of his motives.

BEXJAMIX H. PENDLETON.

Following a period of progressive and able service as president
of the city council of Oakland Benjamin H. Pendleton was made
civil service commissioner and this important position he held for
a number of years, discharging its duties in a prompt, capable and
reliable manner. In addition to this he has held various other
positions of public trust and responsibility, and he is besides con-
nected with business interests of the city as proprietor of the whole-
sale cigar house operated under the name of Horn & Company.

Mr. Pendleton was born in Shanghai, China, October 20, 1862,
and numbers among his ancestors several who occupied important
places in the early history of the United States. Captain Ben Pen-
dleton, from whom he is a direct descendant, fought in the cause
of American independence and as a naval officer succeeded in cap-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 343

turing a British warship. Although born in China Mr. Pendleton
has spent most of his life in America. After completing his pre-
paratory education he entered Yale University, where he took an
academic course, graduating with high honors in 1884, at the age
of twenty-two. Soon afterward he became associated with Horn
& Company, who conducted a wholesale cigar house at 40 Drumm
street, San Francisco. He has been identified with this enterprise
since 1885 and is now its sole owner. He has developed this into
one of the largest concerns of its kind in the city and is recognized
as a man of unusual business ability and progressiveness.

Since taking up his residence in Oakland Mr. Pendleton has
always taken an active interest in public affairs and has done effec-
tive and lasting work in various positions of public trust and respon-
sibility. In 1898 he was appointed on the board of free public
library trustees, and he served for four vears. In 1903 he was
elected councilman on the republican ticket and was for two years
president of the council, being the last to hold this office under the
old form of government. Mr. Pendleton's record is an excellent
one. He was the dominant figure in arranging the details of the
Southern Pacific franchise on Seventh street and it was largely on
account of his study and his untiring efforts that the matter was
finally settled by the payment by the railroad company of a yearly
rental for the use of the street, which is greater than is paid for a
similar privilege by any other railroad in the United States. Mr.
Pendleton was also a strong factor in securing for the city a reduc-
tion in the water rates, after a great deal of argument and litigation
of long standing. A graduated scale of reduction was brought
about, which has meant a saving during a period of four years to
the city of Oakland of about nine hundred thousand dollars. He
was also very active in bringing about a settlement of the Western
water front matter and it was he who suggested that the wharfing-
out rights be recognized by the Western Pacific Railway Company
bv the payment of a yearly rental, which principle, having been
established, was later followed out to the great advantage of the
citv, which exacted a like rental from the Southern Pacific Com-
pany and the Key Route. It was Mr. Pendleton's suggestion also
that the Oakland Mole and water front rights of the Southern Pa-
cific Company revert to the city of Oakland at the expiration of its
franchise. After the commission form of government was estab-
lished in Oakland Mr. Pendleton was made civil service commis-
sioner and he is now chairman of the municipal water commission.

344 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

which has tdr its purpose the acquisition of the water company's
plant.

I\ir. Pendleton is president of the Associated Charities Associa-
tion of Oakland, whicii is affiliated with the city government, and
he is a member of several clubs and organizations, among which are
the Nile Club, the I'niversity Club of San Francisco and the Sons
of the American Revolution. He stands for progress at all times
and seeks his own success and the city's advancement along lines of
activity which will bear the closest investigation and scrutiny.

NORMAN LOGAN.

Norman Logan, prominentlv connected with business interests of
San Francisco and until lately secretary of the Northern Electric
Company, was born in London, England, October 20, 1864, a son of
William G. and Mary Louisa (Canham) Logan, also natives of that
city. The father was for many years manager of Coutts & Company
of London, England, the largest private banking establishment in
the world, and was financial adviser to the Duchess of Teck, the
mother of the present queen of England. He was one of the most
prominent financiers in Great Britain and his ability carried him
forward into important relations with banking interests and with gen-
eral business life. He died in 1896. His wife was a daughter of
John and Mary Canham, of London, England, and a granddaughter
of John Canham, collector of the port of London for many years.

Norman Logan acquired his education in Aldenham, Hertford-
shire, England, in one of the Elizabethan schools founded by Richard
Piatt during the reign of Queen Elizabeth. From this institution
he was graduated in 1881 and after laying aside his books became
interested in the real-estate business as an employe of the firm of
Rogers, Chapman & Thomas, of London, with whom he remained
for five years, proving himself even at this early period, reliable, re-
sourceful and discriminating in business afYairs. When he left Eng-
land Mr. Logan came to California, settling in Eldorado county in
1887. He came to this country in order to take charge of a mining
property owned by his father and in this way became interested in
mines and mining, gradually concentrating his attention upon this
line of work. In the latter part of 1887 he took charge of a mine
in Placer county in the interests of an English syndicate and this he
continued to operate until 1889. when he returned to England in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 345

order to place the Mammoth Bar mine on the English market. Re-
turning to America in 1892, he settled again in California, purchas-
ing a ranch in Placer county and engaging in farming and mining
until 1 901, moving to various parts of the southwest from California
to New Mexico during that time. Late in the latter year he joined
E. R. Cowles and under the firm name of Cowles & Logan they en-
gaged in the commission business, Mr. Logan retiring from this con-
nection in 1906. In the same year he entered the auditing depart-
ment of the Ocean Shore Railroad in San Francisco and in May
joined the Northern Electric Company as assistant secretary, win-
ning promotion to the position of secretary in 1907. This connec-
tion has called forth his initiative and executive ability, much of the
credit for the advancement and progress of the concern being due to
him. He possesses organizing power, ability to coordinate different
forces and to carry forward a difficult business project to successful
completion, and these qualities have all been elements in a success
which places him in the front ranks of progressive and able business
men.

Mr. Logan married Miss Lilian Leigh, a daughter of Frederick
and Sarah Leigh, of Southampton, England, and they have two
children: Shirley Muriel, aged nineteen; and Kenneth Norman,
seventeen. Mr. Logan is an enthusiastic cricketer and is not only a
member of the Alameda Cricket Club but is vice president of the
Alameda Cricket Association. He is a member of the Olympic and
the Merchants Exchange Clubs of San Francisco and does all in his
power to promote general business expansion and progress. He has
himself reached a creditable place in business circles, for he is broad-
minded, progressive and enterprising and a valuable addition to the
ranks of San Francisco's able and successful men.

JEWETT CASTELLO GILSON.

Jewett Castello Gilson, educator, business man and author, was
born in the town of Rockingham, Windham county, V^ermont, May
23, 1844. He acquired his education in the public schools and
colleges of New England, attending Amherst College and sub-
sequently pursuing a course of study in the astronomical department
of Harvard University. When seventeen years of age he took up
the profession of teaching and was an instructor in the common
schools of Vermont and New Hampshire. For two years he taught

;M6 history OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

mathematics in the Green Mountain Institute of South Woodstock,
\'crmont, and for a similar period acted as principal of Allegany
Institute at Almond, New York. He came to California in 1869
and for two years taught school at Irvington, while for seven years
he was thus identified with educational interests at Pleasanton. In
1877 he was elected superintendent of the Alameda county schools
and served in that capacity for three years, resigning to accept the
position of superintendent of the Oakland city schools and acting
thus for two terms. He then established a private normal and spe-
cial training school in Hamilton Hall, which he had purchased in
the meantime. This private institution was conducted by him for
twelve years or until he was elected principal of the Swett school
of Oakland, which position he held for nine years. On the expira-
tion of that period he was transferred to the principalship of the
Longfellow school, which institution he has ably served in that
capacity for the past five years. As a side issue Mr. Gilson has for
many years been interested in the electrical business. At the present
time he acts as vice president of the Pacific States Electric Com-
pany, which has business houses in the five largest cities on the Pa-
cific coast, namely: San Francisco, Los Angeles, Oakland, Portland
and Seattle. He has found time for travel as a means of recreation
and has also made contributions to the public press. He is the author
of "Wealth of the World's Waste Places," a work published bv
the Scribners in 1913. He is especially interested in scientific and
nature studies, having written many articles along those lines.

In 1872, at Ogden, Utah, Mr. Gilson was united in marriage tn
Miss Carrie T. Greene. His three children, Dr. Ray E., Cass L.
and Rosse M. Gilson, reside in Oakland, where they are engaged
in business.

GEORGE H. BINKLEY.

George H. Binklcy, chief engineer maintenance of way and struc-
tures department of the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railway,
was born in Richmond, Indiana, November 23, 1866, a son of
Charles C. and Georgia H. Binkley. He attended the public schools
until 1883, and upon leaving the high school entered De Pauw
University at Greencastle, Indiana, where he pursued an engineer-
ing course until 1886.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 347

He next engaged with the Pennsylvania Railroad in the engineer-
ing department on preliminary and location surveys and construction
and maintenance work, being thus engaged in Indiana, Ohio, West
Virginia and Pennsylvania until 1891, when he went to Chicago.
There he was placed in charge of the surveys and grades depart-
ment of the World's Columbian Exposition. In October, 1894, he
entered into active connection with the Lake Shore & Michigan
Southern Railroad and the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail-
road, having charge of the design of subways in their joint track
elevation work in Chicago. He was thus occupied until 1895, when
he became connected with the bureau of streets of Chicago as assist-
ant engineer. In the fall of the same year he entered into a contract
with the Calumet Electric Railway of Chicago, having charge of
all the construction and maintenance of track and overhead work
until 1900. His next business association was with Kohler Brothers,
contracting engineers, in the capacity of chief engineer of their rail-
way department. He thus remained until 1904, when the went to
Indianapolis, Indiana, where he organized and managed the Hadley
Derrick Company until 1905. He next became vice president and
chief engineer of the iVmerican Engineering Company of Indianap-
olis, and in 1906 he went to Chicago, where he took charge of the
construction and operation of the Southern Traction Company. In
1907 he engaged with the Arnold Company as engineer, having
charge of several of their projects, embracing irrigation, electric
railway and hydro-electric plants. There he continued until 1912,
when he went to Phoenix, Arizona, as chief engineer with the
Chandler Improvement Company, having charge of all their oper-
ations except sales of lands until May, 1913. Early in 1914 he
accepted the superintendency of engineering and maintenance of
way for the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railway in Oakland.
Each step in his business career has been a forward one, bringing
him broader opportunities and a wider outlook. Important proj-
ects have been intrusted to his care and scientific and practical
knowledge has enabled him to cope with intricate and involved
problems.

In Richmond, Indiana, on the 27th of func, 1893, Mr. Binkley
was united in marriage to Miss Bertha K. Line, and unto them have
been born three children: Joanna, at home; George Holland, fifteen
years of age, who is attending high school; and Margaret, who is
a public school pupil. Mr. Binkley holds membership with the
Masonic fraternity. He has attained the thirty-second degree of
the Scottish Rite and is likewise a member of the Mvstic Shrine.

348 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

He belongs to the Phi Gamma Delta college fraternity, and he gives
his political support to the republican party. Along strictly pro-
fessional lines his connection is with the Western Society of Engi-
neers and the American Society of Civil Engineers. He stands
among those whose ability has spelled prominence and distinction
in his chosen calling, his record being an honor to the profession.

JUDGE HENRY A. MELVIN.

Judge Henry A. Melvin, eminent lawyer and jurist, has been a
member of the California bar since i8g2. The public offices which
he has held have always been in the strict path of his profession, in
connection with which he has won high judicial honors.

He was born September 28, 1865, in Springfield, Illinois, and
traces his ancestry back to one of the oldest Maryland families.
His grandfather, James Melvin, was born in Cecil county, Mary-
land, and died in Oakland, California. From early childhood he
was a devout member of the Presbyterian church, the religious faith
of the family being in accordance with the tenets of that denomina-
tion. \\niile visiting his kinsmen. General Robert and Colonel
William Patterson, of Philadelphia, Irishmen and Presbyterians,
he met a Miss McMillan, a beautiful woman, who had gone to
I'hiladelphia from her home in Belfast, Ireland. They were mar-
ried and established their home in Washington county, Pennsyl-
vania, near the southern border of the state, and there James Melvin
engaged in teaching school for a number of years. Their children
were born in that localitv and included William, Samuel Houston,
James, Robert, Loetitia Ann and Elizabeth. The family removed
to Steubenville, Ohio, where James Melvin engaged in teaching
and afterward in merchandising. He was also probate judge for a
time. His wife died in early womanhood and he afterward married
I^lizabeth Maple. In the late 'sos he removed to Illinois aiitl fol-
lowed merchandising and also served as justice of the peace in
Chatham, Sangamon countv, until 187s, when a removal was made
to California, l^he remainder of his life was devoted to studv and
to writing for the Presbyterian press and up to the time of his death
he served as an elder in the Brooklyn I'resbyterian church of East
Oakland.

Only one of his children lived to adult age. This was Samuel
Houston Melvin, M. D., who was born in Washington countv.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 349

Pennsylvania, April 22, 1829, and died in Oakland, California,
February 11, 1898. He attended school in Steubenville, Ohio, until
lie reached the age of fifteen years, when he entered the employ of
Dr. Sinclair, who was a druggist and a graduate of Dublin Uni-
versity. Later Dr. Melvin attended a local medical institution
called Medical Hall, from which he was graduated, and entered
upon active practice in partnership with Dr. Sinclair. His health
became impaired, however, necessitating a period of rest, which was
folhnved by his re-entry into the drug business.

While thus engaged he formed the acquaintance of Miss Sarah
Amanda Slemmons, a daughter of Samuel Slemmons, of Cadiz.
Ohio. The young lady was at that time attending Beatty's Sem
inarv. The discipline concerning the visits of young men was very
strict, but both Dr. Melvin and Miss Slemmons possessed excellent
voices and became members of the church choir, which led to their
frequent meetings and resulted in their marriage in 1853. Mrs.
Melvin was born at Cadiz, Ohio, March 30, 1833, and passed away
in Oakland, May 11, 1900. While they were living in Steubenville
the following children were born unto them. Samuel Slemmons,
rlie eldest, was born May 8, 1854, and passed away October 22, 1882.
The second son, James Breed, born February 3, 1856, resides in San
Mateo, California, and is connected with the California Fruit
Canners Association in San Francisco. He is the father of two sons
and two daughters and three of his children are married. Charles
Stuart, born August 20, 1857, was graduated with the Bachelor of
Science degree from Lafayette College at Easton, Pennsylvania, in
the class of 1882, and died in Oakland, California, January 23, 191 1.
William Patterson was born March 18, 1859, and died in Oakland,
October i, 1899. After the family removed to Springfield, Illinois,
where Dr. Melvin was engaged in the drug business, other children
were added to the family. Of these Mary Lincoln, born December
29, i860, became the wife of A. A. Dewing, of .Oakland, and the
mother of three living sons and of twin boys who died in infancy.
Tlie next member of the family is Judge Henry A. Melvin. Martha
Barrett, born December 31, 1866, died in infancy. Alice Harvey,
born July 12, 1873, passed away on the 19th of November of the
same year.

\^■hile the family were residents of Springfield Dr. Melvin was
a neighbor, client and intimate friend of Abraham Lincoln. He
and his father were ardent Union men, the former being at the head
of the Union League. The Knights of the Golden Circle offered
a large sum to anyone who would do away with him, but as it was

350 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

known that the mild, quiet druggist could drive a ten-penny nail at
ten paces with a derringer, no one earned the reward. When the
war broke out ill health in the family prevented Dr. Melvin from
joining the army, but he gave liberally of his means tor the care of
wounded soldiers, and his wife was the state president of the relief
society which did so much for the comfort of the wounded in the
hospitals.

After the war business prosperity in Illinois brought wealth to
Dr. Melvin. After disposing of his drug business he became prom-
inent in banking and railway circles and in the latter was associated
with Colonel Thomas A. Scott, but financial misfortune brought
about by those who proved unworthy of trust caused him to lose
nearly all that he had acquired. At about that time physicians
ordered Mrs. Melvin to California and in consequence the family
removed to this state, but the prophecy that she would live but a
year proved unfounded, as she traveled life's journey for a quarter
of a century thereafter. For three years the family resided in St.
Helena and then came to Oakland, where Dr. Melvin opened a
drug store, conducting the business until his death. For many years
he was the president of the state board of pharmacy and also the
presiding officer of the State Pharmaceutical Society, which carried
with it the presidency of the College of Pharmacy. In early life
Dr. Melvin and his wife were of the Presbyterian faith but after
removing to Oakland joined the First Congregational church, of
which an old-time and dear friend. Dr. John K. McLean, was
pastor.

judge Henry A. Melvin was a young lad w'ho had not yet com-
pleted has first decade when the family came to the Pacific coast.
He attended the Franklin Grammar school, from which he was
graduated in 1881, and three years later he completed a course in
the Oakland high school. The following year was devoted to busi-
ness and then, with the desire to prepare for a professional career,
he entered the University of California. The Scroll, the official
magazine of the Phi Delta Theta, wrote of his college days as fol-
lows: "In that great institution he early attracted the attention of
his college mates and the professors of the university by his ability
and aptitude as a scholar. A member of a very notable class that
produced Professor Charles M. Bakewell, soon to become distin-
guished in metaphysics; Lincoln Hutchison, early to win honors
in the science of political economy; Professor W. L. Jepscn, who
quicklv showed eminence as a botanist; Dr. Herbert C. Moflit, who
readilv became a leading physician of San Francisco; Professor

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 351

Charles A. Noble, who won laurels in mathematics; Lincoln Stef-
fens, the student of political and social conditions and relentless
critic of corruption; and Thomas B. Sullivan, the gifted journalist
— Judge Melvin at once won recognition as a leader of them all.
He was in every sense an active member of California Alpha and
contributed much to the high tone and prosperity of the chapter.
He was editor of the college annual and easily took full college
honors in his class. During his student days he cultivated thoroughly
the wonderful voice with which he has often captivated those who
heard him and was frequently heard at entertainments in behalf of
charity."

Following the completion of his university course, in which he
had laid a broad and deep foundation upon which to build the
superstructure of professional learning, Judge Melvin became a
student in the Hastings College of the Law at San Francisco and
completed his course bv graduation with the class of 1892. He
entered upon a clerkship with the senate committee on county and
township governments of the California legislature and served dur-
ing the session of 1891. In March of the same year he was called
bv appointment to the office of justice of the peace of Brooklyn
township, Alameda county, and in 1900 he was appointed to the
position of deputy attorney general of the state. All of his briefs
on appeal to the supreme court of the state while in the office of
attorney general were marked by clearness, accuracy and profound
learning in the law.

Judge Melvin became identified with the bench when in 1901
the legislature decided up the addition of a fifth judge to the supe-
rior court. The governor of the state chose Judge Melvin, who
was indorsed by the bar and the general public, and who in No-
vember, 1902, was elected to the office by the largest vote ever given
a candidate for superior judge of Alameda county. We again quote
from The Scroll: "His career on the bench has been characterized
by a broad grasp of the principles of law and equity and a fine
power of clear statement in his opinions, as well as firmness and
dignity in his conduct. His high reputation as a jurist is not con-
fined t(j his own county, but extends throughout the state and higher
judicial honors for him are confidently foretold." Judge Melvin
resigned to accept an appointment September 28, 1908, as associate
justice of the supreme court to fill the place of T. B. McFarland,
deceased, until the next general election. On November 3, 1908,
he was elected to serve the unexpired term of Justice McFarland,
which ended January, 191 1. On November S, 1910, Judge Melvin

:352

lllSTORV OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

was re-elected for the full term of twelve years, beginning January,
191 ]. He has also been professor of medical jurisprudence in the
Oakland Medical College and is likewise widely known as a writer,
his name being a familiar one in journalistic circles. The products
of his pen are always characterized by clearness and purity and
stamp him as a writer of well chosen and virile English. He has
also written some songs, one of which has been a popular number
in the university song book.

Judge Melvin was married in 1893 ^'^ Miss S. Louise Morse,
a niece of Governor Pennoyer, of Oregon. They have a son, Brad-
ford, nineteen years of age, who is a student in Leland Stanford
L'nivcrsity. Judge Melvin has been well known in the club life of
the Bay cities and has been equally popular in college fraternity
circles. He was elected to the Golden Bear, a senior society of the
Univcrsitv of California, an invitation to membership being ex-
tended to one or tw'o alumni each year. He is a most loyal member
of the Phi Delta Theta, and in July, 1906, he was unanimously
elected grand exalted ruler of the Benevolent Protective Order of
Elks. He has a well earned reputation for many-sided ability and
for unfailing good nature and enjoys wide popularity. He is, more-
over, regarded as one of the most substantial citizens of Alameda
countv, Iiis record at all times being an honor and credit to the pro-
fession which has honored him.

JOHN M. SANTAXA.

John M. Santana, who is now vice president and treasurer of the
American Creamery Company, of Oakland, California, has also been
engaged for years in the wool business and has been connected with
banking interests. He was born in the Azores, April 16, 1864, and
is a son of Joseph Santana, who in 1849, at the age of sixteen years,
came to California by way of Cape Horn, the journey from his native
land consuming three months.. Immediately upon his arrival he pro-
ceeded to the mines in Shasta county and with three of his brothers
acquired title to a valuable property. They operated the mine under
a partnership agreement until Joseph Santana, the youngest of the
four, was twenty-four vcars of age. His mother being in poor health
and having expressed a desire to see her son, he sold his share to his
brothers and returned to iiis island home. However, Mrs. Santana

H.\ i[. SAXTAXA

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 355

had passed away before he arrived. , He remained a year in the
Azores, expending the one thousand dollars which he had received
as his share of the mine in assisting the poor of the neighborhood
and in other charitable work. He then secured the funds to return
to California and resumed work in the mine. Two years later he
again went to his native land, where he married, reared his family
and continued to reside for the remainder of his life.

John M. Santana came to America when a youth of sixteen years,
landing in Boston. While still in his teens he came to California
by train and after reaching the Golden state worked for six months
on a ranch near Antioch and then herded sheep for a similar length
of time in Fresno. His next position was on a ranch, where for a
half year he tended cattle and did general work. By this time he
had saved three hundred and ten dollars and after forming a partner-
ship with a man who had four hundred dollars capital, purchased
nine hundred sheep. x\fter two years they sold their flock and di-
vided the net profit of six thousand dollars. Mr. Santana removed
to San Francisco, arranging to take a course in Heald's Business Col-
lege, but as there was an unprecedented boom in wool and mutton
he never commenced his studies but reengaged in the sheep business
in Fresno county. The two seasons which followed were very dry
and therefore he and his partner were compelled to sell their sheep,
which numbered between seven and eight thousand, receiving only
one dollar per head and selling their wool at two and a half and three
cents a pound. In this venture Mr. Santana suffered a great loss, but
they succeeded in paying their debts, with the exception of a sum less
than one hundred dollars. In 1899 he formed a partnership with a
Mr. Perry and they entered the wool business under the firm name of
Santana & Perry. This business was conducted for some time and in
1906 Mr. Santana organized the California Sheep & Wool Company,
of which he became president. He retired from the wool business
in 1908. As early as 1905 he had taken a most important part in the
organization of the Portuguese- American Bank of San Francisco and
he is still interested in that enterprise, a branch of which will be
opened in Oakland, in July, 1915, in the new I. O. O. F. building at
Eleventh and Franklin streets. For a time Mr. Santana was more or
less free from business cares but in 191 1 he acquired a half interest
in the American Creamery Company, which was founded bv f. A.
Silveria in 1898, and our subject now serves as vice president and
treasurer of the company. He is a man of good executive capacity
and one who is able to handle a great amount of detail work and
because of these iiualities has been very successful in promoting the

;]56 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

interests of the creamery company. He has always followed fair
and square methods and in business circles his name stands high.

On January 6, 1890, Mr. Santana married Miss Anna Joseph, a
native of San Leandro, and their children are -Isabelle, John and
Joseph. Mrs. Santana is a member of the Ladies of the Portuguese
Society but she finds her greatest happiness at her own fireside and
with her husband and children.

Mr. Santana has resided in San Leandro for the past twenty-five
years and has always showed a laudable interest in public progress.
For the past six years he has been a member of the San Leandro
school board and for four vears has served on the board of town
trustees. He is a republican in a general sense but since Woodrow
Wilson has occupied the presidential chair has developed a strong
liking for the man in whose policy and sincerity he implicitly believes.
Mr. Santana is a member of the U. P. E. C. and J. D. E. S. (Portu-
guese societies) and the Knights of Pythias. He is popular in these or-
ganizations and is considered one of the most prominent Portuguese-
Americans of Alameda county. In him are combined the courtesy
and politeness which are the heritage of his native race, with an
aggressiveness and business judgment which are considered to be the
chief American characteristics.

GEORGE F. RICE.

George F. Rice is prominent as a building contractor of Berk-
eley and Oakland, having thus been successfully engaged in business
for the past eleven years. He is a native of California, his birth
having occurred in Sonoma county, this state, on the i8th of July,
1877. His father, Jacob Rice, came to California in 1852 and be-
gan mining in Angels Camp, Placer county. Subsequently he set-
tled in Sonoma county and there devoted his attention to ranching
throughout the remainder of his life, passing away in 1909.

George F. Rice attended the graded and high schools of Santa
Clara county until si.xteen years of age and then began the operation
of a fruit ranch on his own account, conducting the same until he
disposed of the property in 1898. In that year he embarked in the
contracting business in the town of Santa Clara, there remaining
until \()OT,, when he came to Oakland. Throughout the past eleven
years he has met with gratifying success as a general contractor of
Berkeley and Oakland, having erected some of the largest apart-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 357

ment houses in Oakland as well as stores and a large number of
handsome residences. That his ability is widely recognized is at-
tested by the fact that many important contracts are awarded him.
Mr. Rice is fraternally identified with the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows of Oakland and the Foresters, being a member of
Berkeley Lodge of the latter organization, and has filled all of the
chairs in both' orders. He is popular in both business and social
circles of his community and has won an extensive circle of warm
friends here.

MILLARD JOSEPHUS LAYMANCE.

The life record of Millard J. Laymance entitles him pre-emi-
nently to the distinctive title of one of the "builders" of his city, and
as such he has contributed a notable share to the material progress
of all the communities bordering on the bay of San Francisco.
More than half his life has been spent in California, and he is still
in his prime, wielding a substantial influence for the upbuilding of
the city and possessing the respect and esteem of his fellows.

Mr. Laymance is of southern birth and ancestry and was born
at Tunnel Hill, Whitfield county, Georgia, November lo, 1856.
His parents were Elijah M. and Adeline D. Laymance, the former
being a native of South Carolina and for many years a planter and
merchant of Georgia, whither he came with his father when a boy.
The grandfather was born in France and coming to America, settled
in South Carolina as a planter. On the maternal side, the great-
great-grandfather of Millard J. Laymance came to this country from
England and settled in eastern Tennessee.

Millard J. Laymance spent his boyhood on his father's planta-
tion and was instructed by private tutors until he was fourteen years
of age, after which for five years he acted as clerk in a general store.
At the age of nineteen years he was thrown upon his own resources
and decided to carve out his career in the west. Accordingly, he came
to California and settled in Sonoma county, where he engaged in the
raising of wine grapes. In 1887 he went to Humboldt county,
Nevada, and enlarged his holdings, becoming interested in raising
cattle on a large scale. He continued in this business for seven
years, at the same time becoming connected with several gold and
copper mining enterprises, with gratifying success. In 1884 he be-
gan raising wheat on a ranch of throe thousand acres in San Joatjuin

358 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

county, and after three years he sold out his ranch and came to Oak-
land. He then engaged in the real estate business, his offices being
at Nos. 460-462 Eighth street, where he dealt in city and farm
property under the firm name of M. J. Lymance & Company. A
few years later the firm was incorporated, with Mr. Laymance as
its president, under the name of the Laymance Real Estate Com-
pany, and the corporation has since continued as one of the most
important realty brokerage houses in Oakland, if not on the coast.
The company has dealt in large tracts and valuable properties in
Oakland and has engineered some of the most notable real-estate
deals in the city. By reason of his extensive business Mr. Laymance
has been foremost in the upbuilding of Oakland, "the Athens of
America." He has erected many large buildings, among which
may be mentioned the fine Orpheum Theater structure, and was one
of the prime movers in the building of the Hotel Oakland — one of
the finest hotels in the west. He is one of its directors and a member
of the finance, building and furnishing committee.

Besides his real estate business Mr. Laymance is heavily and
extensively interested in a large number of other enterprises in the
city of Oakland. Mr. Laymance has been identified with the oil
interests of this state for the last fifteen years — was one of the orig-
inal organizers and directors of the Associated Oil Company and
was one of the pioneer oil operators at McKittrick in the McKittrick
district, California, and is president and director of several large oil
companies operating at Maricopa and the Midway oil fields.

Mr. Laymance was married in July, 1884, ^o Mary L. Lemon,
daughter of William S. Lemon, a pioneer of Oakland and of the
state. To them were born four children: Ada, who married
Edwards Hall Dodge; Blanche Leila, the wife of Leslie Rice; Miss
Grace, and Hazel D., wife of Henry A. Heilbron, Jr., of Sacra-
mento.

Aside from his business activities Mr. Laymance has been ex-
ceedingly prominent in civic afifairs. He was director for a number
of years of the Oakland Chamber of Commerce, is vice president
and director of the Oakland Commercial Club and director and
member of the executive committee of the Tax Association. Has
always taken great interest in the Oakland harbor and its develop-
ment, as chairman of the harbor committee of the Oakland Com-
mercial Club and for the past twenty years has devoted a great deal
of his time and energy to the development of the harbor of the city
of Oakland. As a member of the National Rivers and Harbors
Congress he has attended a number of meetings of the congress in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 359

Washington. As a member of the California Development Board
he has performed valuable service in advertising to the world Cali-
fornia's immense resources and opportunities. He was president of
the Alameda County World's Fair Association, which he rep-
resented at the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893.
In political affairs Mr. Laymance is a stanch democrat and
served eight years as chairman of the Democratic County Central
Committee. He occupies a prominent position as a clubman, being
affiliated with the Sierra Madre Club of Los Angeles; the Southern
Club of San Francisco; and the Oakland Commercial Club, Athen-
ian and Nile Clubs of Oakland. He is also a member of Oakland
Lodge, No. 188, A. F. & A. M., and the Oakland Chapter, R. A. M.
He participates in all matters of civic endeavor and in a personal
way is known as a cultured, refined and amiable gentleman,
extremely popular in his choice circle of friends.

EDWIN STEARNS.

Edwin Stearns is the secretary of the Down Town Association
and as such is widely and popularly known in Oakland. The width
of the continent separates him from his birthplace, for he is a native
of Boston, Massachusetts, born June 20, 1857, his parents being
Nathaniel C. and Sarah A. Stearns. He attended the public and
Latin schools of his native city until fourteen years of age, when
he made his initial step in the business world by entering the employ
of the Saturday Evening Gazette and Boston Post in a reportorial
capacity. He afterward engaged with the Boston Globe in similar
work, and his increasing ability brought him to the position of night
city editor with the Boston Herald. He continued in that connection
until 1891, when he became night manager of New England for the
Associated Press. He thus remained until 1894, when, feeling that
better opportunities might be secured upon the coast, owing to the
rapid and substantial development of the west, he came to Cali-
fornia and engaged in the real-estate and fire insurance business in
Pasadena until 1898, when he again entered the field of journalism.
He became connected with the Los Angeles Express in a reportorial
capacity and as dramatic editor, remaining on the paper until 1901.

Mr. Stearns then came to Oakland and was business secretary of
the Oakland Board of Trade, which in 1906 was reorganized as the
Chamber of Commerce. He continued in that capacity until Feb-

ago HISTORY Ol' ALAMEDA COUXTY

ruarv, 1909, when he resigned. In November, 1912, he became
secretary of the Down Town Association, an organization which was
formed by property owners and merchants to upbuild and maintain
the business left in the section of the city south of Twelfth street,
and he is doing excellent work in this connection. His former
newspaper service enables him to rapidly acquire an accurate
knowledge of the situation and his business ability enables him to
utilize the means at hand in the accomplishment of desired results.
On the 2ist of October, 1900, Mr. Stearns was married in Los
Angeles to Miss Gertrude A. Howard. He is a charter member of
the New England Association of California and an honorary life
member of the Elks lodge at Boston. His political allegiance is
given to the republican party, and his religious faith is that of the
Unitarian church. He has never regretted his determination to
come to the coast, for here he has found the opportunities which
he sought and, gradually working his way upward, stands today as
a forceful factor in the improvement of business conditions in Oak-
land.

JOHN FORREST.

A man who has by his own energy, ambition and enterprise,
guided and controlled by sound and practical judgment, worked his
wav upward to a place among the representative men of Oakland
is fohn Forrest, prominently connected with the municipal govern-
ment as commissioner of revenue and finance and ex-officio member
of the board of educatiDii. He was born in Ireland in 1858 and
came to America in 1S72, arriving in Oakland three years later.
He has been dependent upon his own resources from an early age.
beginning his active career in this city as a member of a construction
gang on the old San Pablo cable road. Following this he was con-
nected with the Southern Pacific Railroad Company for many years
as car repairer and inspector of air-brake equipment. He left the
employ of the Southern Pacific and became identified with the gas
company, serving for a number of years in various capacities. Under
Governor Pardee's administration he secured the position of water
front paver and was later appointed to the office of trench inspector
in the city of Oakland, this petition involving the duties of examin-
ing and passing upon all trenches or openings in the citv streets or
elsewhere made by the various utility companies for water pipes,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 361

gas mains, telephone conduits and sewers. In this position Mr.
Forrest did the careful, thorough and conscientious work which has
come to be recognized as characteristic of him, bringing himself
prominently before the public as a man upon whom public honor
may safely rest. In view of his efficient and intelligent service in
positions of trust and responsibility he was nominated a member of
the Freeholders of Oakland, who framed the new charter, and served
as chairman of the board during nearly all of its sessions.

Mr. Forrest enjoys the distinction of having been elected a mem-
ber of the present city council and was assigned to the department
of revenue and finance, his position carrying with it membership on
the board of education. Mr. Forrest has supervision of one of the
most important departments in the city government and is giving
to the public a conservative and businesslike administration.

A feature worthy of the careful consideration of every resident
of Oakland is the economy with which the office of revenue and
finance has been conducted throughout Mr. Forrest's administration
as commissioner of that department. It is equally interesting to
know that ever since entering the employ of the city Mr. Forrest
has had no other business affiliations and has received no salaries
nor remuneration from any source other than his official salary. He
has therefore devoted his undivided attention to the duties of his
office and the success of his labors is evident to every person who has
keenly observed the growth and ever increasing prestige of the city
of Oakland. He has been a prominent labor man all his life for,
having been a worker himself, he appreciates the needs and diffi-
culties of all other workers, and has done much to further the cause
of labor. He is at present the president of the Gas Workers' Union
of Oakland, a position which he has filled for many years. He is
well liked by all who know him because his success has made no
change in his attitude toward his friends and the public has found
him an unassuming, courteous and painstaking official.

FRANCIS MARION SMITH.

W'itliout invidious distinction, for it is tiie consensus of opinion
on the part of his fellow townsmen, Francis Marion Smith mav be
termed the foremost citizen of Oakland. Few there are, indeed,
who would dissent from this opinion, and investigation into the
historv of this section shows how clnsclv his name is interwoven with

362 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

much that has promoted the material progress and developed the
activities of Oakland and the state. His influence and reputation
have extended far beyond even county and state lines, for the name
of "Borax" Smith is known in every part of the civilized world.
The history of Rome is practically written in the lives of a few
men. and the history of any country is found in the biographies
of its representative citizens. The history of Alameda county and
particularly of Oakland, with its development and attending pros-
perity, has its origin largely in the activities, enterprise and initi-
ative of Francis Marion Smith. While upbuilding his individual
fortunes he has ever been keenly interested in the upbuilding of
the community. The plans which have brought him individual
success have brought ever greater prosperity to the commonwealth.
He has contributed liberally of his fortune, his time and his judg-
ment to all matters relative to civic betterment and advancement and
as the result of his sagacity, initiative and liberality Oakland has
its modern traction and ferry — the Key Route system, which is
acknowledged to be the best ferry system in the world. The Realty
Syndicate, extensive, powerful and valuable, was of his conceiving
and of it he is the president. Nearly all of the public utilities that
have to do with water power, lumber, transportation and manufac-
turing owe more to his co-operation than to that of any other man.
He is a man of big heart and generous impulses, and his humani-
trianism manifests itself in the practical way of assisting people to
aid themselves.

To begin at the beginning, however. Francis Marion Smith was
born in Richmond. Wisconsin. February 2. 1846. a son of Henry G.
and Charlotte (Paul) Smith. His maternal ancestor, William
Paul, came from England to America in 1637. Francis M. Smith
attended the common schools of his native city and later Milton
College, Wisconsin. On the completion of his school work he left
his father's ranch and, answering to the irresistible call of the west,
he made his way toward the Pacific, visiting Idaho, California and
Nevada, spending considerable time in mining and other work in
those states, being a resident of Nevada for five years. While there
in 1872 he located the great borax deposits at Teals Marsh. He
had been working under a contract with several ore mills near Co-
lumbus, locating and getting out timber for the various mining
camps, and while so engaged made his discovery and location of the
valuable borax claim. Up to that time the world's supply of borax
had been small and the finished product was selling at thirtv-five
cents per ounce. The Teals Marsh deposits soon became the world's

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 363

principal source of supply and remained so for years. The activi-
ties of Mr. Smith in developing the find and producing the finished
product caused the hitherto almost prohibitive price to drop to but
three or four cents per pound and brought borax to a wide com-
mercial use in the world, as evidenced by the increase of the output
from six hundred tons per annum to twenty-five thousand tons.
Reading between the lines, one may learn the history of the devel-
opment of a vast enterprise which has been of untold value in pro-
moting the material progress of the sections in which he has ope-
rated, while at the same time the work has placed Mr. Smith among
the millionaires of California.

On the 23d of June, 1907, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to
Miss Evelyn Ellis, and of this union four children have been born,
May Evelyn, Charlotte Dorothy, Mildred Alberta and Francis M.
Their beautiful home, Arbor Villa, is situated in East Oakland, and
the family spend their summers at Shelter Island, New York.
As previously suggested, Mr. Smith's activities have been of the
utmost benefit to Oakland, not only in a material way, but along the
lines of benevolence and humanitarianism. He has erected near his
home fully equipped homes for worthy girls. He is a trustee of
Mills College.

He established the Mary R. Smith Trust. Mary R. Smith, who
was born in New York city, died on New Year's eve of 1905.
Mr. Smith of this review had given her thirty acres of land, all in
Oakland, for a Christmas present, and she converted this into the
Mary R. Smith Trust and built several homes for friendless girls —
nine cottages in all. This trust is governed by a board of trustees
of women of the First Congregational church and the cottages were
begun in 1901, one cottage having been built since the death of Mrs.
Smith, who was the first wife of Francis M. Smith. His second
wife has continued the activities along these lines and is now presi-
dent of the cottage work, the board holding very closely to the plans
of the founder. Any girl that is in need of a home and worthy
of aid is admitted to the cottages and she is always allowed to stay
as long as necessary. There are from five to eight in a cottage and
the ages are from four to twenty-five years. There has only been
one death on Cottage Hill since the work was undertaken and there
have been five marriages there. All of the girls attend the public
schools, several have been high-school graduates and one has been
graduated from the university. Another has been a student in the
San Francisco Art Institute and several attend the Normal School.
The number includes nurses, stenographers and teachers. They

364 illSTOkV OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

make most of their own clothes and help with the housework and
have a real home life, under the direction of a matron in each cot-
tai^e. The cottages were named for children whom Mrs. Smith
had adopted and cared for. This is but one of the many charities
undertaken by Mr. Smith's first wife. His second wife is likewise
active in philanthropic work and all has the indorsement and
cooperation of Mr. Smith.

HOBSON & PAVERT.

The enterprising and progressive city of Oakland finds active and
energetic representatives of its business interests in the gentlemen who
compose the firm of Hobson & Pavert, contractors and builders.
They have made their business a prominent factor in commercial
growth and development and, constantly adhering to progressive
methods, to high standards of integrity and to a policy of constructive
expansion and progress, have aided in the physical growth of the
city and in the spread of that general commercial activity which
means advancement.

R. I. Pavert has been a resident of California since 1889. He was
for six years with the large contracting firm of Clauson & Keating,
of San Francisco, and he remained in that city until the spring of
1906, when he came to Oakland and started his building operations
in Fruitvale in a very small way, his limited finances not allowing
him to extend the field of his activities to any great degree. At first
he built and sold small cottages, realizing from each a considerable
profit, and, thus gaining a little capital, he moved into the heart of the
city and purchased at the corner of Eleventh and Madison streets a lot
costing seventy-five luindrcd dollars. Upon this he erected three
apartment buildings which he sold tor sixty-eight thousand dollars
and then purchased a lot on the corner of Eleventh and Brush streets,
lie here repeated his original transaction, building three apartment
houses and disposing of them for sixty-one thousand dollars. This
deal completed he bought a lot seventy-five by one hundred feet on
Twelfth street, near xMadison, selling afterward half of this propertv
for eighteen thousand five hundred dollars and building on the other
half a fine business block which when completed brought twentv-
eight thousand Wxc hundred dollars on the market. Continuing
his operations along this line, Mr. Pavert bought on the southwest
corner of Twelfth and lackson streets a seventv-fivc bv one iiundred

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 365

toot lot, and the business block which he built upon this property
sold for eighty-tive thousand dollars. This brought a high price,
owing to some very unique features, the lower floor having been made
into four stores, each a corner store and each with two street front-
ages. Mr. Pavert's next purchase was a lot on the corner of Thir-
teenth and Harrison streets fifty by one hundred feet in dimensions,
and this he afterward sold for sixty-five thousand dollars and bought
almost immediately afterward a lot one hundred by one hundred
feet in extent on the corner of Fifteenth and Jefiferson streets. This
is the site of the Savoy hotel, a fine modern, six-story structure, which
is today worthy of rank with the best hostelries on the coast, and
which was begun by Mr. Pavert and completed after he had associ-
ated himself with Mr. Hobson.

After work on the hotel and two adjoining business blocks was
started on the 6th of May, 191 2, he formed a partnership with R. O.
Hobson, a wealthy mining man and capitalist of Nevada, the business
being reorganized under the name of Hobson & Pavert. Mr. Hob-
son is a man of sound business judgment and his acumen and practical
ideas have been of great aid to Mr. Pavert in the inauguration and
completion of the important projects with which the firm was con-
nected. The building of the Savoy hotel, completed by the firm of
Hobson & Pavert, created a new business center in that section
of Oakland, as is evidenced by the fact that the Pacific Mutual Life
Insurance Company of Los Angeles has loans of over a quarter of a
million dollars for the erection of buildings in that part of the city
in the near future. Soon after the partnership was formed Hobson
& Pavert purchased the southwest corner of Sixteenth and Jefferson
streets and a lot on the corner of Seventh, Broadway and Telegraph
avenue, this being the most desirable ofiice-building location in
Oakland. They intend to erect in the near future an eleven-storv
mixlern structure upon this property and will also improve a fifty by
one hundred foot lot on the north side of Fifteenth street and East
Broadway, a property which they have recently purchased.

The total valuation of the property held by the firm, including
the Savoy hotel and the surrounding buildings which were built for
investment and large tracts of downtown real estate, is valued at five
hundred and thirty thousand dollars. Mr. Pavert has made a scien-
tific study of land values and business locations, and the results of his
thorough knowledge are seen in the success which has steadilv
attended all his operations. Hobson & Pavert have accomplished
a great deal of constructive work along business lines in Oakland and
are rightly regarded as among the important forces in the growth

366 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

of the city. They have demonstrated its advantages, have tested its
possibilities and, with a belief in its future which has already to a
large extent been justified, have stimulated the spirit of activity and
progress which is the basis of municipal advancement. Both are
able, discriminating, farsighted and progressive business men who
are widely known and highly respected in the city where the name
Hobson & Pavert stands for progress, for high standards of integrity,
and for honorable business dealings.

WELLS DRURY.

Wells Drurv is unusually well qualified for his present position
of secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of Berkeley, California,
as he is intimately acquainted with the resources and possibilities
of the Bay country. He has a still broader background for his work
as he knows conditions throughout the state of California and even
on the whole Pacific slope. The greater part of his life has been
spent west of the Rockies, and he held editorial positions on many
of the important papers in California, thus being brought into direct
contact with present-day conditions in the state. He is making the
Chamber of Commerce of Berkeley a potent force in the develop-
ment of that beautiful university city and finds his knowledge of the
country of value in his work. He is vice president of the Alameda
County Exposition Commission and secretary of the Publicity Com-
missioners of Alameda county, California.

Mr. Drury was born in New Boston, Illinois, September i6, 1851,
a son of Squire Thompson and Rebecca (Newton) Drury. His
education was acquired in the high school of Olympia, Washington,
and in Christian College located at Monmouth, OregcMi. In his
youth he acted as interpreter for the superintendent of Indian affairs
on Puget Sound, Washington, after the Medicine Creek treaty. He
served an apprenticeship as compositor and pressman and worked
at this trade in Seattle, Washington, and Portland, Oregon, from
1 866 to 1870. After he had learned the mechanical part of the
printing business he became editor of the Monmouth (Ore.) Mes-
senger, holding that position from 1871 to 1873. I" 1873 he moved
to San Francisco where he joined the staff of the Alta California.
He was connected with a number of papers throughout the Pacific
slope, being editor of the Carson City (Nev.) Dailv News from
1876 to 1878 and of the Virginia City (Nev.) Daily Stage, 1879-
1880. In 1 881 -I 882 Iie was city and managing editor of the Daily

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 367

Territorial Enterprise of the last named city, and in 1888 we find him
as city editor of the San Francisco Examiner. He founded the
Daily Evening News of Sacramento, California, being also its editor,
and so continued until 1893. In 1895-6 he was managing editor
of the San Francisco Daily Call and from 1900 to 1901 he was man-
aging editor of the Los Angeles Daily Record, after which he was
in the period from 1902 to 1906 news editor of the Sacramento Union,
becoming city editor of the San Francisco Daily Examiner in 1907.
On the ist of August, 1908, he left the field of journalism to become
secretary of the Berkeley Chamber of Commerce.

Mr. Drury has written voluminously for newspapers and maga-
zines aside from his work as an editor and is the author of "To Old
Hangtown or Bust," published in 1912, and in conjunction with
Aubrey Drury he compiled the "California Tourist Guide and
Handbook," published in 1913. During his residence in Nevada
he was deputy secretary of state from 1882 to 1886 and from 1887
to 1889 a member of the Nevada house of representatives, of which
he was speaker pro tem. He was for years a member of the First
Regiment, National Guard, of Nevada, being a commissioned officer
from 1877 to 1883, rising from second lieutenant to first lieutenant.
He was captain and aid-de-camp of the First Brigade from 1883
to 1887. Mr. Drury is a charter member and ex-president of the
San Francisco Press Club and is an honorary member of the Typo-
graphical Union, associations which keep him in touch with the
field of newspaperdom.

DR. JOHN A. LESOINE.

Dr. John A. Lesoine, who in the practice of chiropody is ac-
corded a liberal patronage, was born in New York state, October 3,
1888, a son of John and Antoine L. Lesoine. He attended the pub-
lic schools of Monroe county, Pennsylvania, to which place his par-
ents had removed in 1893, when he was a lad of five years. He
continued his studies to the age of fourteen and then worked as a
clerk in a grocery store for six months. He was next employed in
a wholesale grocery house as clerk for a year and a half, after which
he went to Los Angeles and remained for four months, securing
employment in a restaurant there. He next undertook the study of
chiropody and was active in that line of work for one year. On

:168 HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY

the expiration of that period he went to San Francisco and prac-
ticed as a chiropodist for four months. He afterward returned to
Monroe county, Pennsylvania, and remained with his parents for
six months. Later he went to New York city and attended a chi-
ropodist school for three months, when he again went to Los An-
geles and was in the employ of a chiropodist of that city for three
and one-half years. He then embarked in business on his own ac-
count in Los Angeles, where he remained until July 21, 191 1, when
he sold out and embarked in the wholesale fruit business, in which
he continued for a year. Disposing of his interests in that line, he
next went to San Francisco, where he practiced chiropody for five
months, after which he came to Oakland, where he has since re-
mained. He follows his profession and the excellence of his treat-
ment is attested in the liberal patronage which is accorded him.
He is very successful and his business is growing month by month.
Dr. Lesoine belongs to the Masonic fraternity and to the Wood-
men of the World. He also belongs to the Sciots and to the Pedic
Society of California. His political belief is that of the republican
party, and his religious faith that of the Lutheran church. What-
ever success he has achieved is the result of his own efforts and
labors. Gradually he has advanced along lines which have brought
him substantial results, and in all he has been actuated by a spirit
that recognizes the fact that efficiency and capability are the only
qualities which really entitle one to advancement.

STUART S. HAWLEY.

Stuart S. Hawley, a prominent business man of Oakland, engaged
in the land development and general investment business, is a native
of this city, born October 12, 1883. His father, George T. Hawley,
was an early settler in California, having taken up his residence
in this state in 1859.

Stuart S. Hawley acquired his education in the public schools
of Oakland and in the University of California, from which institu-
tion he graduated with the class of 1905.

Since that time he engaged for a time in banking and then in land
development and general investment business, and is now the man-
ager of the H. W. Meek Estate and the Hawley Investment Com-
pany, with all their allied interests, covering lands and investments
in Alameda, Los Angeles, San Diego, Tehama and Inyo counties.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 369

He has had complete charge of the development of their different
holdings, which have comprised over forty thousand acres, in addi-
tion to their numerous other interests.

Mr. Hawley married Miss Harriette E. Meek, and they have one
son, Stuart M. Hawley.

Mr. Hawley is a thirty-second degree Mason, a member of the
Bohemian Club of San Francisco and the Commercial Club, Athen-
ian Club, Claremont Country Club and Mystic Shrine of this city.

M. J. KELLY.

On the roster of county officials of Alameda county is numbered
AL J. Kelly, serving with credit and ability as county treasurer. He
is a native of West Virginia, born in Benwood, near Wheeling, April
27, 1864, and came to California as a boy, beginning his independent
career as a nailmaker's apprentice. He afterward followed this trade
until 1894, when he was tendered a position in the United States
mint in San Francisco. For thirteen years thereafter he remained
connected with the mint, rising step by step through the various
departments, being assistant smelter, dissolver, and weigher, in the
assay department, and eventually humid assayer, in charge of the
assaying of silver, a position which he held until the time of his
appointment as Treasurer of Alameda county. During this time he
had established an enviable record for honesty, reliability and effi-
ciency and his resignation was received with regret when he tendered
it to the mint officials in order to take up his broader work. In
March, 1906, he was appointed by the board of supervisors to the
office of treasurer of Alameda county to fill the unexpired term of
A. W. Feidler, whose death occurred about that time. Mr. Kelly
has since filled this office with his characteristic efficiency, and during
the period of his administration he has inaugurated needed reforms
which have corrected the loose methods prevailing in the past. The
office is now conducted along the most approved and businesslike
lines and courtesy has been made the first policy of the department.
Mr. Kelly's popularity throughout Alameda county is unquestioned
and the best evidence of this lies in the fact that he has been twice
elected to his present position and at the last primary election he
received the republican, democratic and union labor nominations for
his present office.

370 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

As a private citizen Mr. Kelly is noted for his kindly disposition
and his desire to help whenever and wherever he can. A bachelor
himself, with a strong friendship for boys, he has informally adopted
a number of them and they have been largely those whom the great
majority of people would not consider desirable. They have been
young men that have lacked many of the advantages of birth, educa-
tion and favorable environment; but the more they lacked, the more
Mr. Kelly felt they needed a guiding hand. A man of broad charity,
progressive views and high ideals, Mr. Kelly has made his influence
felt as a constructive force in official and social circles of Oakland,
where his many excellent personal characteristics have won him a
wide circle of friends.

ALBERT J. MAZURETTE.

Albert J. Mazurette, a young and successful architect of Oak-
land, who owes his present position entirely to his own efforts and
ability, has here been engaged in business since 1910 and is president
of the Melbourne Construction Company of Oakland and Alameda.
His birth occurred in Detroit, Michigan, on the 17th of September,
1888, his parents being O. A. and Bella (Robidoux) Mazurette, of
Montreal. The mother passed away in 1895. Five years later the
father came to California and in this state has since held positions
in different sawmills.

Albert J. Mazurette attended the public schools of Stockton and
Oakland, California, until 1904 and then pursued a special course
in drawing in the Polytechnic high school of Oakland, leaving that
institution in 1905. His later valuable training was acquired in the
"university of hard knocks." He first secured a position in a planing
mill in Santa Clara, California, and there learned every branch of
the business. In 1905 he left the mill and went to Stockton, entering
the employ of the Enterprise planing mill as designer under R. P.
Morrell, who is one of the foremost architects of Stockton and to
whom he is indebted for the major part of his present knowledge of
the profession. In February, 1906, Mr. Mazurette returned to Oak-
land and was here employed by the Pacific Coast Lumber & Mill
Company until 1907, while subsequently he was in the service of
Karl H. Nickel, the "bungalow king," until 1910. In that year he em-
barked in business as an architect on his own account and has since
maintained oflices in the Baeon building in Oakland. In January,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 373

1914, he organized the Melbourne Construction Company, of which
he is president. This company has offices in both Oalcland and Ala-
meda and specializes in heavy construction of all kinds, bridges,
warehouses, factories, pumping plants, schools, amusement parks,
wharves and docks all falling within the scope of their activities.
They have the contract for and are building the Alameda-Venice
swimming baths and amusement park, located on the shore of the
bay at Almeda. The work involves an expenditure of three hun-
dred thousand dollars and is the largest place of its kind west of the
Rockies. The fact that the Melbourne Construction Company has
been awarded the contract for this work is in itself proof of the
splendid reputation which the company has already gained. The
work is progressing splendidly under the direction of its able presi-
dent and its completion will add greatly to the prestige of the com-
pany.

In fraternal and social circles Mr. Mazurette is popular. He
belongs to Alameda Lodge, No. 1015, B. P. O. E., the Gamma
Chapter of Sigma Omega Psi (an engineering fraternity), the
Alpha Chapter of Delta Kappa Sigma and the Knickerbocker Club
of San Francisco.

BENJAMIN F. BERGEN.

A man who achieved distinction as an official of the United
States government and who later sustained a high reputation as a
member of the bar of the Bay cities was Benjamin F. Bergen.
A native of Schuyler county, Illinois, born in 1838, Mr. Bergen was
the descendent of the early New Jersey Bergens, the first of whom
came to America with Henrik Hudson in 162 1. The head of this
family married the first white woman to be born in the province
of New Netherlands. The great-grandfather of our subject was a
soldier in the Revolution and his grandfather an officer in the War
of 1812. His father, George S. Bergen, conducted a large stock
farm in Schuyler county. He was a native of New Jersey, from
which state he removed to Kentucky in 181 8, the same year that
Illinois was admitted to the Union. Four years later he went to the
liiucr state and entered Shurtleff College, which had just been
founded. On completing his course of study there he settled at Jer-
sey Prairie, near Jacksonville. At this time Illinois saw a large

374 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

influx of people from the northern Confederate states, who settled in
the country between the Wabash and St. Louis rivers, especially,
in Vermilion, Edgar, Champaign, Sangamon and Morgan coun-
ties. The mixture of these old families with those of the pioneers
produced a race of people from which sprang many of the country's
greatest men.

Benjamin F. Bergen received his early education in the common
schools near his home and at an early age decided to become a
lawyer, lliis meant in those days long and steady application to his
studies in a law office, but he persevered and was finally admitted
to the bar. Although he was of an exceedingly studious turn of
mind, bent on further perfecting himself in his profession, he found
time to participate in politics, being affiliated with the democratic
party. He possessed an aptitude for organization and had few peers
in the state. As long as he remained in Illinois — nearly twenty-five
years — he was a delegate to nearly every state convention of his party
and he numbered among his associates such men as Hon. Virgil
Hickox, Hon. William M. Springer, Hon. James C. Allen, Hon.
William A. Richardson, Hon. O. B. Ficklin, United States Senator
John M. Palmer, Hon. William R. Morrison and others who have
left their impress upon the pages of history. He was a member
of the democratic state central committee from the state at large for
many years; a member of the executive committee of that
body; and also secretary of the state central committee during
the Tilden campaign, spending several months at the headquarters
in Chicago. He called to order the memorable convention in the
Windy City at which Tilden was nominated for president.

In 1885 Mr. Bergen was sent to California and went to Eureka,
Humboldt county, as special agent of the United States land office
to investigate irregularities in the acquirement of certain redwood
timber holdings, being commissioned by President Cleveland. He
prosecuted several cases successfully in the federal courts and became
the bane of the "land-sharks" of those days. In the course of this
work he reclaimed many hundreds of acres of valuable timber lands
which had illegally been taken from the government. When Cleve-
land was succeeded as president by Harrison he resigned and began
the practice of law in San Francisco. When first he tendered his
resignation it was not accepted, the reasons for which are later seen
in letters from Washington. He made his home in Berkeley until
1910, when he moved to Alameda. Until 1896 he maintained his law
office in San Francisco, achieving much distinction and handling
much important litigation. Then he removed his office to Oakland,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 375

that he might be nearer his family, and continued to practice until
his death, which occurred on June 22, 191 2.

During his residence in Alameda county he took an active intei-
est in local affairs and in 1894 was a candidate for the superior bench.
He served several terms as member of the board of education of
Berkeley and in 1898 was appointed a director of the Deaf. Dumb
and Blind Institute in the college city.

Mr. Bergen was first married at the age of twenty-three to Eliza-
beth Ann Clark, daughter of David C. and Martha Ann Clark of
Santa Rosa. She died in 1900. In 1910 he wedded Mrs. Louise
(Briggs) Bigler of Alameda. Four children were born of the first
union: Anna, who married James U. Smith, of Berkeley; M. Emily;
Benjamin C. ; and Ethel, the wife of Frank N. Lowell of Berkeley.

Among the records of his career as a government official which
were treasured by Mr. Bergen and which go far to show that he had
been one of its valued agents is a letter received bv him from the
commissioner of the land office, on receipt of Mr. Bergen's resigna-
tion, which is reproduced herewith:

Washington, D. C, May 9, 1889.
B. F. Bergen, Eureka, California:

Dear Sir: — Referring to your request to have your resignation
as special agent accepted as soon as practicable, I have to say that I
regret very much to learn of your purpose to leave the service, and
hope you will reconsider the matter and find it agreeable to remain.
Your thorough knowledge of the land laws and the duties of your
office have enabled you to render service which has been of incal-
culable benefit to the government; and I feel it my duty to do and say
whatever I can to keep you in the service. You have proven vour-
self to be an honest and efficient officer, and the government cannot
well afford to lose your services. The able manner in which you
conducted the trial in the California redwood case is especially
deserving of the highest commendation and praise. I shall therefore
decline to recommend the acceptance of your resignation, as long
as I believe you can be induced to remain in office.

Yours very truly,

S. M. Stocksleger,
Commissioner, G. L. O.

The "California redwood case" to which the foregoing letter
referred was the prosecution of the California Redwood Company,
or "Scotch Svdicate," in which he was bitterlv opposed bv the best

376 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

legal talent procurable. It involved the title to some sixty thousand
acres of redwood timber land in Humboldt county, valued at twenty
million dollars. The case was long contested, over four hundred
witnesses being examined, but Mr. Bergen won it for the government.
In further recognition of his valuable services and summarizing well
his career, William F. Vilas, then secretary of the interior, when
Mr. Bergen's resignation finally was accepted, wrote to him: "An
honorable record is your just reward for public labor."

As a lawyer in after vears, in private practice, Mr. Bergen main-
tained his high reputation for ability, integrity and faithfulness to the
interests of those who intrusted their attairs to him. In social life
he was one of the most companionable of men, of genial disposition,
and popular among the host of friends who were privileged to know
him.

JOHN C. STOUT. M. D.

For sixteen vears Dr. Jolm C. Stout has been located in Oakland,
California, and is numbered among the city's foremost physicians,
specializing in nervous diseases. He was born in Greene county,
Illinois, January 27, 1846, and is a son of J. M. Stout, M. D., who
never was a permanent resident of California, but once made a visit
to this state extending over six months. John C. Stout, the son, was
educated in the public schools of Greene county, at Illinois College,
at Jacksonville, Illinois, and at ShurtlefT College, at Upper Alton,
Illinois. He had begun the study of medicine, but when the war
broke out, although but sixteen years of age, he enlisted in the Nine-
ty-first Illinois Volunteer Regiment and served over three years,
being discharged on account of disability due to a severe wound in
the hand. While in the service he distinguished himself by faith-
fulness to duty and bravery before the enemv.

Upon his return to his Illinois home Dr. Stout became an employe
in his father's drug store, again taking up the study of medicine at the
same time. He came to California in 1874 and for one year was
connected with the wholesale drug house of Langley & Michael,
of San Francisco. He then went to Gilroy, where he practiced for
two years and then returned east as far as St. Louis, Missouri, where
he took a medical course in the American Medical College, graduat-
ing in 1878. He next was engaged in practice in Edwardsville,
Illinois, remaining there three years, and in 1881 again came to Cali-
fornia, locating in San Jose, where he was successful, enjoying a large

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 377

and profitable practice until July i, 1895, when he went to Los
Angeles. Two years he remained in that city, but on March i, 1898,
came to Oakland, where he has been located ever since. It is now
sixteen years since he began practice in Oakland, and he has made
for himself a place among the foremost physicians of this city. He
makes a specialty of nervous diseases and is very often called in con-
sultation on account of his deep knowledge upon this particular sub-
ject. Dr. Stout has always remained a student of human nature and
human ailments, and as the years have passed has gathered a vast
amount of experience which entitles him to the consideration which
he enjoys among his colleagues in the profession. While yet a resi-
dent of the east he served as the first vice president of the Illinois
State Medical Society and also was president of the Madison County
Medical Society. He served for two terms as president of the State
Eclectic Medical Society of California and for one year held the
same office in the Santa Clara County Medical Society. He is still a
member of the California State Medical Society and the National
Eclectic Medical Association. He is a member of the Grand Army
of the Republic and is past medical director of the Department of
California, also regimental surgeon of D. D. Porter Post.

On October 31, 1876, at Upper Alton, Illinois, Dr. Stout mar-
ried Miss Gertrude L. Smith, a native of that city, who died May
I, 191 1, leaving three children: Pearl H.; Arthur G., of Ogden,
Utah; and Olive G. Dr. Stout is a lover of nature and throughout
life has been a student of botany, having a fine appreciation of the
wonders of plant life. He also has interested himself in mineralogy,
although he has not taken up that study so exhaustively as the first
mentioned.

Politically he is a republican, conversant with the principles of
his party, ever eager to promote its success, but not an active poli-
tician. He served as commander in chief of the Army and Navy
Republican League of California, in the days of its greatest influence.
He has been offered that office on various occasions since but has
always steadfastly refused. For the past forty years he has been a
member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and in 1894 was
one of the organizers of Observatory Lodge, I. O. O. F., at San
Jose. He is a past grand, for many years has served as high priest
of Golden Rule Encampment, and was made district deputy grand
patriarch in 191 3. He is also regimental major of the grand can-
ton. He is surgeon and captain of the uniformed rank of the
Knights of Pythias and also is a past chancellor in this organization,
of which lie has been a member for many years. He is also a past

378 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

master of the \^'()()dmen of the World and has been a member of the
Baptist church since boyhood, being now connected with the Twenty-
third Avenue church, at Oakland. Dr. Stout is a man of robust
physique, his strength and reserve force being greater than that of
many a younger man. He has a liberal mind and broad sympathies
and is interested in all measures and movements which have the
betterment of humanity for their purpose or which are intended
to improve living conditions. In a quiet way he has contributed
to the development of Oakland and has been a valued factor in the
development of Alameda county.

WALTER EMERSON DENNISON.

During a residence of thirty-four years in California VValter
Emerson Dennison has closely identified himself with many repre-
sentative business interests in different sections of the state and his
successful career has had an important effect upon the later advance-
ment of the commonwealth. The projects with which his name has
been associated have all been progressive and useful ones, varied in
kind and in purpose but all alike in this, that their successful com-
pletion has constituted an element in the general growth and develop-
ment. As president and managing director of the Steiger Terra
Cotta & Pottery Works he today holds an enviable position in busi-
ness circles of San Francisco, where his name has come to be regarded
as a synonym for business integrity and enterprise and for progressive
citizenship.

Mr. Dennison was born near Kankakee, Illinois, August 17, 1856,
and is a son of Walter Horace and Nancy Jane (Ransom) Dennison,
both natives of Indiana. The family is of old New England origin,
the paternal grandfather, Timothy Dennison, having been born in
Freeport, Maine, and having in 18 18 emigrated to Indiana, where
he settled in Ripley county. Mr. Dennison's mother is a daughter
of Stillman and Eleanor Cole (Parsons) Ransom, the former a native
of Vermont and the latter of Maryland.

In the acquirement of an education Walter E. Dennison attended
public school in his native community and later entered the Ohio
Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio, graduating from that insti-
tution in 1877 after completing the full classical course. Almost
immediately afterward he turned his attention to teaching in the
high school of Upper Sandusky. Ohio, and after one year was made

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 379

superintendent of schools in that city. He resigned this office at the
end of twelve months in order to enter the Cincinnati Law School,
but he did not pursue the study of this profession, abandoning it in
1880, when he came to California, settling in Los Angeles, where he
opened an agency for the Continental Oil & Transportation Com-
pany. After one year he was transferred to Stockton and in recogni-
tion of his former able and competent work was given charge of the
Stockton and Sacramento agencies, winning advancement in 1882 to
the position of general superintendent of all agencies, with head-
quarters at San Francisco. Being a man of initiative, enterprise and
constructive ability, he proved eminently well qualified for this diffi-
cult and responsible position which he held until 1884, when he
resigned, accepting the appointment of guardian of the Yosemite
valley for the state of California. This position he resigned in 1887
to take charge of the Southern California agency for the Electric
Development Company at Los Angeles, but in 1888 he severed this
connection, turning his attention to mining, in which he engaged
successfully until 1891. In that year he came again to San Fran-
cisco and aided in the organization of the City Street Improvement
Company, occupying the position of secretary until 1902, when he
resigned this office, but remained as a director of the concern until
the fall of 1912. While actively connected with the management
of the City Street Improvement Company he took personal charge
of the construction of the Humboldt Bay Jetty system, for which the
national government appropriated one million, seven hundred and
fifty thousand dollars. This work covered the period between 1894
and 1899 ^"d was very successful both from a financial and an en-
gineering standpoint. In 1898 the Steiger Terra Cotta & Pottery
Works were founded in San Francisco, and Mr. Dennison was made
president and managing director. These positions he is now capably
filling, evidencing in his discharge of the innumerable duties which
fall to his lot as president of a great corporation an initiative spirit,
a reorganizing power and a well-timed aggressiveness which have
enabled him to make the business expand and grow until it is today
one of the largest and best managed of its kind in the city.

Mr. Dennison married Miss Isabella Ba.xter Richardson, a daugh-
ter of Israel J. and Estelle T. (Pettibone) Richardson, natives of
Delaware, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Dennison have become the parents
of four children: Isabel, aged thirty-one; Leonidas, twenty-nine;
Margaret, twenty-one; and Walter Emerson, Jr., eighteen.

Mr. Dennison is well and prominently known in club circles of
San Francisco, holding membership in the Pacific l^nion, tlic

380 HISTORY OF .\LAMEDA COUNTY

Bohemian and the Commercial clubs, in Beta Theta Pi and in the
Sons of the American Revolution. He is in addition a member ot
the Merchants Exchange Club and the Commonwealth Club, and in
the spring of 1907 was appointed a member of the board of state
harbor commissioners, winning his reapointment in 1909. Along
lines of his business he is second vice president of the National Terra
Cotta Society. No progressive public movement, no project insti-
tuted for the benefit or welfare of the city lacks his cooperation and
hearty support, his influence being always on the side of right, reform
and progress. He uses the wealth which he has acquired by his
own efforts in a capable and consicentious manner, not only support-
ing public institutions, but also giving a great deal to private charity,
his hand being- always outstetched to help the needy and affiicted.
His friends in San Francisco are numerous and come from all ranks
of life, the poor and lowly, who know his charity, esteeming him
even more highly than his business associates, who respect his integ-
rity and honor.

CARL H. ABBOTT.

Carl H. Abbott, one of the leading attorneys in Alameda county,
prominently connected with important legal interests as a member
of the firm of Fitzgerald, Abbott & Beardsley, was born in Boston,
Massachusetts, August 4, 1867, a son of Granville Sharp and Susan
(Davis) Abbott. The familv moved to California in 1877 and set-
tled in Oakland, where Carl H. Abbott attended school, graduating
from Oakland high school. He later enrolled in Brown University,
Providence, Rhode Island, and received his degree of B. A. from that
institution in 1888. Following this he became a student in the Hast-
ings College of the Law, from which he was graduated in 1891, with
the degree of LL. B. In the same year he was admitted to the bar
of California and began the practice of his profession in Oakland.
Four years later he entered into partnership with R. M. Fitzgerald
under the name of Fitzgerald & Abbott and later moved to San
Francisco, becoming a partner in the firm of Campbell, Fitzgerald,
Abbott & Fowler. This association was dissolved in October, 1905,
and Mr. Fitzgerald again became a partner of Mr. Abbott, the
second firm of Fitzgerald & Abbott being organized in October,
1901;. They practiced in San Francisco until April, 1906, and then
moved their business to Oakland, where in 191 3 they admitted

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 381

Charles A. Beardsley into partnership, the firm being now Fitz-
gerald, Abbott & Beardsley. It is considered one of the strong and
important law firms of the city, connected through an extensive and
representative patronage with a great deal of important litigation.
Mr. Abbott is a powerful and able lawyer, and his professional
attainments put him in the front ranks of the legal fraternity in this
part of the state. He is a member of the Athenian Club of Oakland
and gives his political allegiance to the democratic party.

HORACE AUSTIN JOHNSON.

Horace Austin Johnson, active in the insurance and real-estate
field in Berkeley, is thoroughly conversant with the different phases
of a business that is bringing him prominently before the public as a
successful, enterprising and progressive man. He was born in Fari-
bault county, Minnesota, in 1870, a son of Rufus and Coralinn (Wil-
liams) Johnson, both of whom were natives of the state of New
York, the latter being a direct descendant of Roger Williams, that
great apostle of freedom who, that people might have the liberty of
worshipping God according to the dictates of their conscience,
founded in 1636, a few miles from the Massachusetts line, the town of
Providence. "Religious freedom" were the words on the tongue of
every man and woman of that day. It was a desire for that which
had brought them to this new land and constituted the guiding star
of their lives. Roger Williams' idea of freedom, which in that
day was without parallel, was tiie positive separation of the state
and church, a principle that is today regarded as the cornerstone
in the foundation of our mighty republic. In recognition of the
distinctly individual and advanced belief of Roger Williams and
his success in establishing a colony where his theory might be put
into practice he is accorded a position among the most prominent
of those who have shaped the history of the nation.

Following the marriage of Rufus Johnson and Coralinn Wil-
liams, which was celebrated in New York, they removed westward
in 1857 to Minnesota, where they resided until 1871. In that vear
they crossed the plains to California and settled in Santa Clara
county, where Mr. Johnson engaged in farming. There the family
lived for many years. In the later years of his life Mr. Johnson
retired and in March, 1896, wishing to be with his children, who
were still in the east, he returned to Minnesota, where in the fol-

;}82 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

lowing summer he passed away. Mrs. Johnson now resides with
one of her daughters in Alberta, Canada.

Horace Austin Johnson began his education in the public
schools of Santa Clara county, California, but received most of his
educational training in Minnesota, his college work being done at
Wheaton, Illinois, where he was graduated in 1899, with the degree
of B. L. In the year 1899-1900 he took post-graduate work in
science at the University of California. It was his purpose to engage
in teaching school, but, abandoning that plan, he turned to other
activities. Upon completing his studies he entered the real-estate
field and, finding it most congenial, he has continued active in this
line to the present time, confining his operations largely to handling
Berkeley property. He also engages in the fire insurance business,
representing the Springfield Fire & Marine Company of Springfield,
Massachusetts, the Commercial Union of London and the Maryland
Casualty Company.

Society or club life has never found in Mr. Johnson a follower,
but uppermost in his heart at all times is the cause of prohibition.
From the period when he took up his residence in Berkeley he has
been active in the behalf of that movement endeavoring in every
possible way to promote and establish prohibition in his city and
county. He is treasurer of the northern California executive com-
mittee of the prohibition party and in 1908 was a candidate for presi-
dential elector on that ticket. He has in many campaigns taken the
platform and never hesitates to lend every possible assistance in the
war that is constantly being waged against the liquor traffic. At one
time he was president ofthe Anti-Saloon League of Berkeley and was
one of the committee of si.x chosen by the reform element to supervise
the enforcement of the law when the new plan of city government
was inaugurated. Mr. lohnsoii is a trustee and is secretary of the
Baptist Seminary of Berkeley, which is conducted under the auspices
of the Baptist Theological Union. He has been a member of the
First Baptist church of Berkeley since its organization and is one of
its trustees.

In 1904, at Wheaton, Illinois, was celebrated the marriage of Mr.
Johnson and Miss Helen Kennedy, a daughter of Thomas E. Ken-
nedy, who was for many years connected with the departments of
education of San Jose and San Francisco, having been interested in
those matters until his death, which occurred in 1892. Mrs. Johnson
is a native daughter of California. By her marriage she has become
the mother of two children, Olive Coralinn and Rufus William.
Mrs. Johnson holds membership in the same church as her husband

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 383

and is active therein. In fact, their influence is always on the side
of right, progress, truth and reform. They have never been content
to choose the second best in anything, but have held to the highest
ideals and the loftiest principles in personal conduct, in business and
in citizenship.

THOiMAS DYKES BEASLEY.

Thomas Dykes Beasley was born at Woodbury, Cambridgeshire,
England, June 23, 1850, and was educated at the Grantham grammar
school, in Lincolnshire. In 1868, with two sisters, he came to Cali-
fornia, crossing the Isthmus of Panama shortly after the completion
of the railroad, and arriving in San Francisco just in time to be
impressed by the big earthquake whih occurred in the spring of that
year, but which he, viewing it as "the custom of the country,"
accepted as a matter of course.

His first experiences were on a sheep ranch at Jolon, Monterey
county, owned by his father, to join whom, he and his sisters had left
the old country. His father being anxious to make a lawyer of him,
at the end of a year, he came to San Francisco and studied faithfully
in a lawyer's office, doing office drudgery the while, for two years,
when arriving at the conclusion that the law was the profession for
which he was the least suited, he abandoned Blackstone and Kent.
After various experiences which included acting as tutor to the three
sons of Mr. Edward Taylor of San Mateo, for many years and at the
time of his death cashier of the Pacific Mail Company, he took up a
timber claim in the heart of the Santa Cruz mountains, situated on
the divide between Bear creek and the San Lorenzo river, becom-
ing at the same time a citizen of the United States.

Here he lived the life of a backwoodsman for seven or eight
years, in a climate unsurpassed the world over for invigorating quali-
ties, with the result that a somewhat weak constitution and slender
physique, were toughened and rendered fit to cope with life's strug-
gles. By the advice of friends he was induced to take a step, since
much regretted, of abandoning a life which, but for occasional loneli-
ness, lie much enjoyed and, returning to San Francisco, became in
1 88 1 a draughtsman in the office of the United States surveyor
general. The coming into power of the democrats under Cleveland
led to the speedy decapitation of himself with many others in the
office. After an interval of a few weeks spent in roaming the coun-

384 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

try aloot he was employed by the Coronado Beach Company, among
otlier things making the plat ot the town of Coronado. This work
led to making the official map of San Diego county, followed by that
of San Bernardino county.

Becoming interested in literary work, in partnership with F. £.
A. Kimball he founded in San Diego, and for four years edited a
weekly illustrated journal. The Seaport News. The town, however,
at this time, just after the collapse of the "boom," was little short of
moribund. Greatly to his disappointment he was forced to abandon
the enterprise and accepted the editorship of a new evening daily,
The Tribune, still in existence. Being unable to accept corporation
dictatorship, after a six months' experience, he resigned the editor-
ship and though it was twice otTered him at intervals of time with
the positive assurance he would be given a free hand, he abandoned
journalism for good having found by bitter experience the tempta-
tions that beset a man who tries to do his duty by the people, his con-
science and his employers.

Having by these ventures lost all the money he had accumulated
by many years' hard work, he once more became a wanderer, spend-
ing a year in the Hawaiian islands just after annexation. While
there he made what is now the official map of the island of Oahu.
Finding that the languid climate was sapping his strength, he aban-
doned excellent opportunities and returned to California, vowing
mentally he never again would forsake "God's country."

Gradually he became absorbed in the drama, having written
while in San Diego, in collaboration with a friend, a little Chinese
tragedy, "The Golden Flower," afterwards successfully produced in
Albany, New York, Miss Miriam Nesbit playing the heroine.
Some years ago it was produced by the Centurv Club of San Fran-
cisco to a fashionable audience of ladies only, all the parts being
played by members of the club. It has also been produced by the
Larchmont Club, New York.

About this time, he wrote the libretto of a musical comedy, "The
Ahkoond of Swat," for Gerard Barton, a well known composer, at
that time organist of St. Stephen's Church, San Francisco, and later
an organist of the Episcopal Cathedral, Honolulu, and professor
of music at the Oahu College. This musical comedy under Mr.
Barton's direction was produced in Honolulu with great success, the
parts being taken by the leading society people of that city.

The premature death of Gerard Barton — a cousin by the wav,
of Fitzgerald, who w rote the beautiful translation of the Rubaivat of
Omar Khayyam — a year later at Toronto, Canada, was a great blow

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 385

to Mr. Beasley; for apart for his friendship for a man beloved by all
who knew him, Mr. Barton was, when carried oflf by a sudden attack
of pneumonia, arranging for a professional production of "The
Ahkoond of Swat" at Toronto.

Mr. Beasley had by this time reentered the service of Uncle Sam
in his former capacity as a draughtsman in the office of the United
States surveyor general, where he is, in fact, today employed. Dur-
ing the past ten years he has worked steadily during spare hours
on literary subjects, having among other things written two librettos
of comic operas, to one of which, the music has been recently writ-
ten by a composer of great professional experience. An inherent
love of nature and an out-door life led to tramping as his chief form
of exercise, amusement and study of human nature. A little volume,
"A Tramp Through the Bret Harte Country," recently published by
Paul Elder & Company, San Francisco, which is meeting with favor
both from the press and the public, was a natural outgrowth of his
love for "hiking" and the "hard highway."

Shortly after the big fire Mr. Beasley was married to Miss Mar-
garet Isabella McKellar, who was born in New Zealand, but came>
as a child, with her parents and brothers and sisters, to the United
States. Mr. McKellar made his home in New Mexico, going into
sheep-raising on a large scale. His surviving sons and daughters
still reside in that state. Mr. Beasley's father died in England many
years ago. His sisters are living in Berkeley, the elder, now the wife
of Charles \V. Jackson, has a beautiful home at Claremont Court;
with her, his younger sister, Mrs. Dora Amsden, well known as the
author of two books on Japanese art, is now residing. His own
home is in Alameda, where he had resided for years previous to his
marriage. There are also two sisters in England whom he has not
seen for nearly half a century, but the fates permitting, he still hopes
to at least bid "hail and farewell."

DR. MEADORA AUSTIN-DERR FRITZ.

Dr. Meadora Austin-Derr Fritz, physician, lecturer, author and
educator and well known throughout the United States for her suc-
cess in the treatment of diseases peculiar to women, is a native of
New York state and a daughter of Dr. Benjamin Austin, a prominent
physician and surgeon of Rome, New York. In early life she was
united in marriage to Dr. A. D. Fritz, of Michigan, and under the

386 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

guidance of her husband studied medicine, afterward practicing with
him for some years. During practically her entire life she has been
associated with physicians and is herself a competent, able and
successful practitioner, as her large and representative clientele
plainly shows. Dr. Fritz engaged in professional work in Phila-
delphia, Chicago and Boston with steadily increasing popularity and
at the time she closed her office in the last named city she had seven
hundred and eighty-three people under treatment. Her husband
died in 1901 and four years later she left the east and came to Cali-
fornia, settling in San Francisco, where for some time she was at the
head of a large and lucrative practice. She has made her home in
Oakland since May, 1913, and has already become well established
in practice, her reputation as a skilled and successful physician hav-
ing preceded her. Dr. Fritz has some original theories regarding
the cause and treatment of disease — theories which have been splen-
didly upheld by the remarkably successful results which have
attended her labors. She uses no medicine, curing by purifying
mind and body and treating the latter through the medium of the
former.

Dr. Fritz is spoken of as a "counsellor to women" and a large
proportion of her patients are women. She is an authority on sex
hygiene and has studied the subject of marital happiness in its rela-
tion to this science. She believes in physical beauty, in body poise
and, being a fluent and forceful speaker, promulgates her belief
from the platform. She has a large and enthusiastic following in
California and her recent lectures in the Scottish Rite Temple in San
Francisco were attended by over three thousand women. Dr. Fritz
is a well known lecturer and her talks on Sex, its Functions and its
Bearing upon Health, Happiness and Longevity, have added greatly
to her reputation as a speaker and a thinker. In addition to this she is
an author of great power and insight and has published many books
of vital interest and significance. Among them may be mentioned
"Do Men Understand Women?" "All Motherhood Divine," "Self-
hood vs. Success," "Strength in Silence," "Girlhood Ignorance,"
"The Pirates Who Prey," "The Human Race," "Degenerates, and
Why," "Basic Principle of Life," "The Science of Sex," "Self-re-
liance," "Hope Without Fear," "Mind and Body Poise." "Mind
Serene," "Troublesome Nerves are Monitors," "Obesity, its Develop-
ment" and "A New Interpretation of the Birth of Christ and its Mes-
sage."

Dr. Fritz is also a composer of merit and ability and has written
a number of popular songs, including the campaign song. "Sixteen

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 387

to One," endorsed by the National Democratic Association and used
during William Jennings Bryan's first race for the presidency.
Among the sentimental songs she has written are some that have
become very popular, her latest being "No Sweeter Then, Than
Now," which is classed by leading authority as being equal, if not
superior, to "Silver Threads Among the Gold," and the orchestra-
tion of which is most beautiful.

However, the Doctor gives most of her time to her professional
work and to her lectures, these and her large practice leaving her
little leisure for outside interests. However, she is vitally interested
in woman's sovereignty and she has confidence in her own sex in
their ability, integrity and in that greatest of all understanding —
mother consciousness. She is also interested in economics and has
spoken most forcefully on this subject. Her address upon "National
Referendum" has startled the thinking world, and she is an ardent
advocate of municipal and governmental ownership. Her religious
belief is clearly outlined in the following: "Do not bow thy head.
Stand upright in thy glory. Beest thou what thou wilt be. Glorv in
thy strength. Bow thy head to no man less. divine than spirit and
goest thou outward into the all divine." Her religion is also ex-
pressed in the following beautiful lines: "Love is the king of the
ages; patience is the throne; fidelity and sympathy united make us
one. Through love we help each other in life's near race to win;
there is no blood to separate, for we are all one kin." To know Dr.
Fritz is to love her; to call her friend is to be enriched.

CHARLES HADLEN.

Charles Hadlen is numbered among the pioneers of West Berke-
ley, where since very early times his activities have been a force in
progress and his citizenship a valuable municipal asset. He first
came to the city in 1868 and since 1875 has been identified with busi-
ness interests. He is now proprietor of one of the largest grocery,
hay and grain establishments in the city and controls an important
and representative patronage.

Mr. Hadlen was born in Hanover, Germany, and came to the
United States a poor boy when he was nineteen years of age, making
the journey by way of the Panama route. • He settled in San Fran-
cisco in 1866, and at the end of two years moved to West Berkeley,
finding employment in the old starch works. From 187:5 until 1875

388 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

he mined in Alaska and Montana, but in the latter year returned to
West Berkeley, where he engaged in the express business, conducting
an express route between Oakland and Berkeley before the days of
railroads. Afterward he worked in a planing mill and later became
identified with the grocery firm of D. H. Burns & Company, under
whom he learned the grocery business. In 1896 he opened an estab-
lishment of his own at No. 945 University avenue, and he has since
conducted this enterprise, dealing in groceries, hay and grain. He
follows always the most practical and progressive business methods
and in the conduct of his interests has met with constantly increasing
success, being numbered today among the leading merchants of the
community.

Mr. Hadlen is married and has seven children, Annie, Charles,
Julia, Herman, Fred, Mabel and Edward. He has served one term
as township trustee of Berkeley. Since pioneer times he has taken
an active interest in public afTairs and has made many valuable con-
tributions to community development and growth. He built his first
home in West Berkeley, in 1879, at a time when few streets had been
laid out in the section, and he has watched the communitv develop
along all lines, his interests touching closely social, political and busi-
ness growth. A wide reader, especially of such volumes as deal with
the history of the Bay cities, he has kept himself well informed
regarding conditions on the Berkeley side of the bay and is consid-
ered an authority on everything pertaining to the early settlement
and later development of this section. He deserves great credit for
what he has accomplished, for he started out in business life a poor
boy and by his energy, enterprise and ambition has steadilv worked
his way upward to success.

E. F. GARRISON.

One of the most progressive and capable men in public life in
Alameda county is E. F. Garrison, who, in 1910, was elected to
the office of county auditor. He was born September 7, 1873, in
Sacramento, where his family had settled two years previously.
The father was connected with the Southern Pacific Railroad Com-
pany as engineer for over thirty-two years. His death occurred in
Oakland in 1904.

The Garrison family moved to Oakland when E. F. Garrison
was a child of five, and he has since remained a resident of this

E. F. GARRISON

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 391

city. After completing a public-school course he finished his educa-
tion in St. Mary's College and then secured a position with the Cali-
fornia Door Company. He began in a humble capacity, but being
ambitious and attentive to his work, he soon mastered the details of
the business and rose, step by step, through its various departments,
becoming first timekeeper and finally estimator.

Mr. Garrison began his public career in November, 1900, when
he was appointed deputy city assessor and auditor under A. H. Breed.
In this position he did efficient work for ten years and at the end of
that time was elected to his present office. Since his installation as
county auditor he has thoroughly systematized the work of his de-
partment and the results are seen in the promptness and dispatch with
which information may be had on all matters coming under Mr. Gar-
rison's official jurisdiction. He has a selected staff of assistants whose
past business experience has especially fitted them for their present'
duties, and he is already in a fair way to realize his ambition of mak-
ing his office one of the best conducted in the state. Something like
sixty thousand warrants for salaries and other expenditures go
through Mr. Garrison's hands during a year and no funds are paid
out without his signature. The great responsibilities of his position
are most apparent and Mr. Garrison is keenly alive to the importance
of his work, always scrutinizing all of these warrants for the expendi-
ture of public funds before affixing his name. One of the notable and
commendable features of his incumbency is his adoption of a new
svstem of accounts in the office of auditor of Alameda county, making
it dovetail with the state accounts in accord with the requirements of
state laws. It is hugely due to his efforts that the system is such a
success and of this he is justly proud. Alameda county is the only
one of the fifty-eight in California that has such a thorough system of
accounts. The auditor's department is able at all times to know the
true condition of the funds of the county. A trial balance is taken
off each month and a report of the exact condition of the county
funds is made to the public through the press. Another point in Mr.
Garrison's service that is equally commendable is that he has always
notified the taxpayers when there has been a refund due them on the
tax on personal property unsecured by real estate, and he has likewise
notified them when their property has become delinquent, thus doing
work never before done by any auditor of Alameda county. He has
discharged all of his duties in a thorough and businesslike manner,
and it is to be hoped that further political honors will be accorded one
so worthy.

392 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Garrison is prominent in fraternal circles, his connections
being extensive and important. He is a member of Oakland Tent,
No. 17, K. O. T. M., and is also state auditor of the Pacific jurisdic-
tion of the same order. He belongs to Oakland Lodge, No. 171,
B. P. O. E., and is chairman of its finance committee. He likewise
belongs to Athens Parlor, No. 195, N. S. G. W., has been financial
secretary of the Native Sons for the past twelve years, and was chair-
man of the state board of relief and treasurer of the Native Sons Hall
Association of Oakland. In addition to this he belongs to the Young
Men's Christian Association and the U. P. E. C. and is financial
secretary (jf Live Oak Council, No. 1 102, National Union. He is
likewise junior past president of the Audit Association of California.
It has been said of him: "He is a man of fine personal appearance,
but, more than that, of fine character." He is alert and enterprising
and ready to meet any emergency that may arise with the conscious-
ness that comes from the right conception of things and a just regard
for what is best in the exercise of human activities.

KATHERINE McCLURG, M. D.

Those who doubt the capacity of women for success in the profes-
sions will hnd ample refutation of their opinion in the successful
career of Dr. Katherine McClurg, who is today one of the leading
phvsicians in Oakland. She was born in Ohio and spent her child-
hood in her native state, coming to California with her parents in
i<S93. Here she took up the training course for nurses in order to
familiarize herself to some extent with the medical science, whicii
had always attracted her. She never practiced as a nurse, however,
but after completing tiie required course entered Cooper Medical
College in San Francisco, from which she was graduated in 1903.
She afterward practiced for a short time but, not considering her
medical education complete, went to Baltimore, Maryland, where
she took a post-graduate course at Johns Hopkins University, com-
pleting it in 1910.

In that year, splendidly equipped for the practice of her pro-
fession, she returned to California and opened an office in Oakland,
where she has since remained. She possesses a deep and compre-
hensive knowledge of uiKicrhiiig medical principles and is con-
scientious and practical in her application of it, having a svmpathv
with lunnan suffering and a sense of personal responsibility which

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 393

make her unusually able in her chosen field. Always a close and
earnest student of her profession, Dr. McClurg keeps in touch with
the most advanced practical thought through her membership in the
American Medical Association and the state and county medical
societies, and her ability is widely recognized in professional circles.
She has secured a large and representative patronage, and her skill
and ability are evervwhere evident in the excellent results which have
followed her labors.

TOM CARPENTER, V. S.

A man who has made a comprehensive knowledge of the science
of veterinary surgery and a phenomenal success in the practice of this
profession the basis of a work of public service broad in extent and
far-reaching in purpose is Dr. Tom Carpenter, who for more than
nineteen years has been practicing in Alameda, his reputation spread-
ing to all parts of California and his patronage extending through-
out all the neighboring sections of the state. Aside from his great
professional success he is known also as one of the organizers of the
Oakland Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to iVnimals and the
leading spirit in carrying forward its work, this forming one of his
chief interests at the present time.

Dr. Carpenter was born in Dartmouth, England, June 19, 1862,
and is a son of William Henry and Harriet (Edwards) Carpenter,
;i(nv deceased, who were former residents of San Francisco, where
they settled in 1869. Their son was at that time seven years of age, and
he soon afterward entered the public schools of the city, where he
acquired his primary and grammar education. Later he received
instruction in Latin ami French from a private tutor, interrupting
his studies in 1H79 in order to accompany his parents to Europe.
He returned to San Francisco in 1881 and resumed his education,
laving aside his books finally in 1883. In that year he went to the
northwest, visiting Puget sound and the Eraser river country and
locating a pre-emption claim in Whatcom county, Washington. Re-
turning home in the same year, he took charge of his father's veter-
inary infirmary as superintendent and thus first became a student
of veterinary science, a profession in which he has since achieved
such remarkable and well-deserved success. As he grew more inter-
ested in it, he broadened his studies and, in order to get the advantage
of the best facilities offered along this line, went in r88q to Toronto,

304 HISTORY ()!• .\I-.\mp:da county

Ontario, and entered the Ontario Veterinary College, an institution
established in 1862. During his vacations he practiced under the
direct supervision of a practical veterinarian at Dayton, Ohio, and
in college besides completing the regular general course, took a spe-
cial course in veterinary dentistry, becoming in this way a master of
all the branches of the profession which he intended to make his own.
On the 30th of March, 1888, he received his diploma from the Onta-
rio \'eterinarv College and the great honor of a certificate of Hon-
orary Fellowship from the Ontario Veterinary Medical Society in
acknowledgment of valuable contributions in the line of essays on
disease.

Being thus thoroughly equipped for the practice of his profes-
sion, and having already proved himself possessed of more than ordi-
nary ability along his chosen line. Dr. Carpenter returned to the
coast and, settling near Oakland, established a veterinary inlirmary.
l^his institution he conducted along with his general practice for two
years, but his patronage grew so rapidly and finally reached such
extensive proportions that he could not properly superintend the
infirmary and was obliged to discontinue it. He has since that time
devoted himself to the general practice of his profession, making his
lionic in Alameda, although his practice is drawn not onlv from this
city, but from San Francisco and Oakland also, and his services are
in frequent requisition through the interior of the state from Shasta
to San Diego. Upon an exhaustive and exact knowledge of the
underlying principles of veterinary science, upon his constant studv
of the new ideas and methods always being introduced into practice,
upon his superior attainments in all branches of his profession, Dr.
Carpenter has based a signal success, and it places him todav among
the men of marked ability and substantial worth in his community.
He keeps in touch with the most advanced thought of his profes-
sion, and his practice, though large, is constantly increasing.

>>.'ot content with achieving an enviable degree of individual
prosperity Dr. Carpenter has striven always to make his ability and
knowledge effective along lines of public benefit, and this he has
succeeded in doing in the ccnirse of his nineteen years of continuous
and able service as city veterinarian and food inspector of Alamed.i
He was the first veterinarian in California to use Koch's tuberculin
when, in 1894, he experimented on the dairy cattle of Alameda, dem-
onstrating its great value as a diagnostic agent in tuberculosis. This
is only one of many great and varied services which Dr. Carpenter
has performed for Alameda and for California. He gained special
distinction during the (ire and e:irth(]uakc of 1906, and after the di>

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY :W5

aster, when he had charge of the supply wagons of the Masonic state
board of relief. When the Elks took up the relief work, he installed
an outfit for the purpose of aiding those quartered at the Elks' relief
camp and brought hundreds of the refugees to Alameda, where they
were cared for at the Elks' camp in this city. Dr. Carpenter went
east in 1907 for the purpose of studying the pure food question in all
its relations and of mastering the requirements of the new pure food
law. He talked with experts in New York and Washington and on
his return supplied the merchants of San Francisco with advance
information regarding the requirements, aims and purposes of the
new enactment, doing a great deal to promote its intelligent accept-
ance in this section of the state. Making another trip east in 191 2 he
continued his work of investigation regarding food and dairy prod-
ucts. He has used his professional ability and influence intelligently
and with public spirit, recognizing the obligations which his powxr
and position entail upon him. He is at present deeply and keenly
interested in the work of the Alameda Humane Society, which he
aided in organizing. He is executive officer for the Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and in this capacity has con-
ducted a vigorous campaign against cock fighting, dog fighting and
live-turkey shooting, and he has accompli^'hed some lasting reforms
along this line.

In St. Paul's church. New York city, on the 21st of May, 1889,
Dr. Carpenter was united in marriage to Miss Annie Elizabeth Hix
of Devonshire, England. After the death of his first wife he wedded
Miss Helen A. Martin of Healdsburg, California, a daughter of the
late John A. Martin and a granddaughter of Clark Foss, one of the
earliest settlers of Sonoma county. Fraternally Dr. Carpenter is
identified with the Masonic Order, belonging to Oakland Lodge, No.
188, A. F. & A. M., and Alameda Chapter, No. 70, R. A. M. He is
affiliated also with Alameda Aerie, No. 1076, F. O. E. ; Alameda
Council, No. 734, National Union, and Alameda Lodge, No. 1015,
B. P. O. E. He takes intelligent and active interest in the growth
and advancement of Alameda along all lines, and iiis hcartv support
is always given to progressive public movements. In 1911-12 he pre-
sided over the North Side Improvement Club, which at that time
was dealing with the question of harbor improvements in Alameda,
and he is today keenly interested in the promotion of the subwav
between Oakland and Alameda, acting as chairman of the sub\\av
committee of the North Side Improvement Club. A man of varied
interests, all of which he has made forces in the promotion of the
public tievelopment, progress and advancement, Dr. Carpenter has

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

thoroughly identified himself with tiie affairs of the city where he
has so long made his home, and in so doing has gained the greatest of
all successes — that which lies in the widespread honor and esteem
which his character has commanded and in the confidence and trust
of many friends.

JOHN FECHTER.

Inhn Fechter, general secretary of the Young Men's Christian
Association of Oakland, is doing splendid work in this connection,
the various activities being well organized and the work systematic-
ally conducted so that the best possible results are obtained. Mr.
Fechter is a native of Alma, Kansas, born October 23, 1874, and is a
son of John and Hannah Fechter. The father was a native of Baden,
Germany, born in December. 1832. He was educated in that land
and later engaged in the tailoring business. He was a youth of nine-
teen when he crossed the Atlantic to New York city, w^iere he was
employed at tailoring, but subsequently he attended the Rochester
Baptist Theological Seminary. He afterward went to Kansas, where
he cast in his lot with the pioneer settlers, traveling over the state as
a minister of the Baptist church and preaching at various places
He next went to Salem, Oregon, and later to Sacramento, California,
where his remaining days were passed, his death occurring on the
ist of March, 191 1.

John Fechter is indebted to the public and high schools for the
educational opportunities which he enjoyed. He pursued his studies
in Pasadena, California, and in Salem, Oregon, until fifteen years of
age when he made his start in the business world as an employe in a
dry-goods store in Salem, Oregon, where he remained until 1895.
During that time he became a charter member of the Salem Young
Men's Christian Association, thus entering upon a connection which
has led him to his present position. He afterward went to Sacra-
mento, where he entered the service of the Weinstock-Lubin Com-
pany, dealers in dry goods, as salesman and buyer, continuing with
that house for three years. He next went to Chicago, where he
entered the Young Men's Christian Association College, and was
graduated with the class of 1900. His deep interest in and prepara-
tion for the work t]ualified him for the position of general secretary,
to which position he was called in connection with the Young Men's
Christian Association at Salem, Oregon, where he remained until

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 397

1905, when he became secretary at Fresno, California. In 1910 he
came to Oakland as assistant secretary of the Young Men's Christian
Association and so continued until November, 191 2, when he became
general secretary. L'nder his direction the work has been well organ-
ized and is advancing rapidly and substantially. The association
occupies a splendid building, seven stories in height, most tastefully
furnished and fitted out for the purpose intended. A two-story addi-
tion to the already spacious building was completed in November,
1913, at a cost of fifty thousand dollars, the gift of Wallace M. Alex-
ander, president of the association. The education department en-
deavors to accommodate itself to the needs of employed men and
boys and occupies the greater part of the third floor with fifteen regu-
lar recitation rooms and a large study hall, well lighted and well fur-
nished. Tablet armchairs are used in the regular classrooms. Draw-
ing desks, commercial desks, and new visible typewriters have been
added for the various departments. There is a course especially
suited to the needs of the boys of Oakland who do not speak English,
giving brief but thorough instruction in the use of words, pronuncia-
tion and sentence building, paragraphing and letter writing. In ad-
dition to this instruction, free talks are given on civic, good citizen-
ship, laws of health and sanitation. In the commercial school, the
courses include stenography and bookkeeping. There are also
courses in English and music, mechanical drawing, plan reading and
estimating, building construction, electricity and chemistry. If ten
people desire instruction in any branch, a class is organized and
teachers are selected u ith direct reference to their qualifications, the-
oretical and practical.

The social department of the association is equallv well organ-
ized and in the rooms boys and men may find congenial, elevating
companionship, with every facility for entertainment in the line of
games, literature and motion pictures. There are four regulation
bowling alleys, seven billiard and pool tables, and various other
games. Four floors of the building are devoted to the dormitory,
which has 180 rooms, providing accommodation for two hundred
and fifty men, and all the rooms are furnished in an attractive and
comfortable manner with steam heat, hot and cold water and private
telephone service. There is also a cafeteria, where meals are fur-
nished at moderate prices, and one of the most attractive features of
the building is its natatorium, the floor graded in depth from four to
eight feet. There is a splendidly equipped gymnasium, ball teams,
fencing classes, etc. Never forgetting for an instant that this work
has its root in the spirit of true religion, there are classes in Bible

398 HISTORY OF ALAIMEDA COUNTY

Study, and Sunday afternoon meetings. All of this is under the direc-
tion of Mr. Fechter, who is thoroughly acquainted with every phase
of tlie work, recognizing the opportunities and planning to meet the
needs of the association in the most practical way. He believes in
studying the individual member and giving the assistance most
desired, and his geniality, sympathy and deep understanding, as well
as training, have thoroughly equipped him for the position.

On the 25th of March, 1903, in Salem, Oregon, Mr. Fechter mar-
ried Miss Frances L. Lane, and they have three children — Lane,
Frances and Gordon, all attending the public schools. Mr. Fechter
is a member of the Rotary Club and of the Public Welfare Club. He
also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce — associations which indi-
cate much of the nature of his interests, the trend of his thought and
the breadth of his view. . In politics he is a progressive republican
and in religious faith a Baptist. In all of his work and activities he
transcends, however, any spirit of denominationalism, reaching to the
greater heights that are above the barriers of creed and dogma.

E. T- COWING.

E. J. Cowing is general manager of the Lehnhardt Candy Fac-
tory, and thus an active factor in the commercial circles of Oakland.
He was born in San Francisco in September, 1886, and is regarded
as one of the more enterprising and progressive young business men
of his city. His parents were E. H. and M. G. Cowing. The father
came to California in i860 and settled in San Francisco, where he
later engaged in the canning business. The son attended the public
and high schools of Alameda until he reached the age of nineteen
vears, when he entered the commission business in San Francisco,
being active in that line until 1907, when he sold out and became
general manager for the Lehnhardts at Oakland. The company has
just completed a fine two-story brick building at the corner of
Twenty-fourth and Grove streets, to be used as a factory for the
manufacture of candy and ice cream. The building is modern in
every sense of the word, is thorougiily e(]uipped along all lines, and
has been supplied with every facility that will promote sanitary con-
ditions or advance excellence in manufacture. That the product is
of high grade is indicated by the growing patronage. The retail
store is located on Broadway between Thirteenth and Fourteenth
streets and is the leading confectionery establishment of Oakland.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 399

Mr. Cowing was married in Oakland to Miss Edna Anita Lehn-
hardt in October, 1908. They have two children — Marjorie Joel,
four years of age, and Emil Joseph, two years of age. In his political
views Mr. Cowing is a progressive. He does not seek nor desire
ofiice, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his business afifairs.
He is yet a young man, and the progress that he has already made
indicates the success which will come to him in the future, for he has
selected as the foundation upon which to build prosperity the sub-
stantial qualities of industry, determination and thorough under-
standing of everything that he undertakes.

FREDERICK CHRISTIAN POOCK.

Frederick Christian Poock was one of those Germans who came
to this country in order to profit by the larger opportunities w^hich
are within the reach of those who are w^illing to work, to strive, and
to deny themselves in order that they may attain a substantial posi-
tion in life. Mr. Poock was a German-American who combined in
himself the characteristics of both nations and who won success along
honorable lines by following the highest principles. He was born
in Hamburg, Germany, January 27, 1862, and was a son of Fred C.
Poock of Hamburg.

The subject of this review attended the e.xccllent public schools
there until fourteen years of age, remaining in the famous Hanse
town until he had reached his twentieth birthday, when he emigrated
to America, making his entrance into this country by w'ay of New
York city. Until 1890 he traveled over the country, acquainting
himself with conditions and gaining valuable experience, journeving
from city to city and working at various occupations. In the latter
vear he arrived in San Francisco, and for two years held a position
in a retail liquor store. He then came to Oakland and established
himself independently in that business, conducting a place on Four-
teenth street near Broadway, and there he continued until his death,
on January 30, 1906, his demise causing sincere sorrow to his many
friends, all of whom esteemed him for his good qualities of charac-
ter. He was a courteous, obliging, kindly man who was ever ready
to render a service to those in need and who would ever extend a
helping hand when charity ofifered a plea. His genial manner, his
heartiness, and the kindly spirit with whicli he judged his fellowmen
won liim tile friendship of manv in tlic city of Oakland.

400 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

In Oakland, in 1890, Mr. Poock was united in marriage to a Miss
(ninth, who survives him. Mr. Poock stood high in Masonr>, in
which he had reached the Royal Arch degree, and he was also a
member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In religious
belief he was a Protestant. In all the relations of life he proved him-
self worthy of confidence and enjoyed in a large measure the respect
of those who came in contact with him.

ISAAC P. ALLEN.

The force of Isaac P. Allen's ability in the world of finance, of
his energv, enterprise, constructive power, his initiative, aggressive-
ness and organizing skill has been felt in a vital way in banking cir-
cles of San Francisco and, extending beyond local limits, has in no
unimportant manner influenced the banking development of the
world at large. He is known not only as the founder of the agencv of
the Russo-Chinese Bank in America, but also as the founder of the
Bank of Canton, Ltd., in Hong Kong, and he undoubtedly occupies
a central position in financial circles of San Francisco, where since
1907 he has been manager of the Canton Bank of that city. A spirit
of enterprise and progress, dominated and controlled by keen busi-
ness discrimination and sound judgment, has actuated him in all his
undertakings and has brought him to the position which he occupies
today among the captains of finance in this section of the state.

Mr. Allen was born in Manchester, Massachusetts, November 2,
1H4-, and is a son of Isaac S. Allen, a native of Cavendish, V^ermont.
The fatlier was one of the early settlers in San FTancisco and was well
known in the old city, with the business interests of which he was
closelv identified for manv years. His wife, who was in her maiden-
hood Miss Alice Jane Patten, was born in Hancock, New Hamp-
shire.

Isaac P. Allen was eight years of age when his parents moved to
San Francisco and in the public schools of the city he acquired his
education, completing the high-school course. He afterward studied
cliemistr\ and became very proficient along this line, securing a posi-
tion in I S64 with Reddington & Company. He later identified his
interests with those of Heathfield, Bogel & Company, becoming a
member of the firm and engaging in the wholesale drug business in
this connection. When he retired from this association he purchased
the interests of R. II. McDoiiaUi (5c Company of Sacramento and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 401

conducted the business successfully for some time, enlarging his con-
cern by the establishment of a branch in Chico under the name of
J. W. Scott & Company. On account of his failing health he was
eventually obliged to sell this enterprise and in 1871 became con-
nected with the Bank of California, thus beginning a financial career
which has brought him prosperity and distinction and which has con-
tributed substantially to general banking development. Acting in
various capacities, he remained with the Bank of California until
September, 1887, when sickness again compelled his retirement, his
enforced inactivity lasting for about five years. After his recovery
he acted as auditor for several eastern concerns, engaging in this line
of work for about four years. In 1902 he accepted the agencv for
the Russo-Chinese Bank and established a branch of this institution
in San Francisco, this marking the first appearance of the concern
in America. With ability, keen discrimination and enterprise, Mr.
Allen directed its affairs, keeping it on a solid financial basis and
developing it along modern and progressive lines until after the
earthquake in 1906. He severed his connection with the Russo-
Chinese Bank in March of the following year, after having done able
work in its interests and in the interests of the city of San Francisco
by aiding in forcing the German and Austrian insurance companies
to pay to the extent of their ability losses incurred in the earthquake
and fire.

On the qth of October, iqoj, Mr. Allen opened the Canton Bank
of San Francisco with four hundred and forty stockholders, located
all over the world. He has been manager of this institution since
that time, and in this position his excellent business and executive
ability has been called forth, the credit for the remarkable growth
and development of the enterprise being largely due to him. He has
given unsparingly of his energy, his time and his ability to its afifairs,
and the bank has steadily prospered, being today one of the strong,
safe and conservative financial institutions in the west. Mr. Allen
left San Francisco on the 27th of September, 191 i, for liong-Kong,
and there he established the Bank of Canton, Ltd., with a capital of
two million dollars. In this work he was assisted by four of the em-
ployes of the Canton Bank of San Francisco, and when he left China,
February 16, 1912, he had already placed the institution upon a busi-
nesslike, safe and profitable basis, establishing it in strict conformity
to the laws of Hong-Kong. He arrived in San Francisco on the 14th
of March and reassumed his duties as manager of the Canton Bank.
In the course of years his energy, enterprise and unsual ability have
carried him forward into important business relations in this city

402 HISTORY- OI' AI.A^rKDA COL'XTY

and he has steadily extended the scope of his interests, being identi-
fied with a great many of the most important corporate concerns.
He recently assisted in establishing the Prudential Loan Society and
has become its president, iiis name standing as a guaranty of the per-
manence and reliability of the enterprise. The concern, \yhich has
offices in the Phelan building, is patterned after the Collateral Loan
Society of Boston, which has been in existence for oyer fifty years
and which has been of inestimable benefit to the community at large.

Mr. Allen married Miss Lizzie C. Fuller, a daughter of Hiram
and Laurilla Fuller of Hancock, New Hampshire. Mr. and Mrs.
Allen haye three sons: Arthur, forty-four years of age; Sidney D.,
forty-two, and I. Christy, thirty-nine. The two younger are in busi-
ness in San Francisco and the oldest is in Manila, Philippine Islands,
and all are following in their father's footsteps, proying themselyes
reliable, resourceful and enterprising business men.

Mr. Allen is well known in the Masonic order, holding member-
ship in Excelsior Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; in San Francisco Chapter;
Golden Gate Commandery; and Islam Temple, Nobles of the Mystic
Shrine. He is a splendid type of the twentieth century American
business man, keen, aggressiye and resourceful, modern in his \ lews,
progressive in his ideals and actuated at all times by a sense of com-
munity obligation and the necessity of making his individual success
an element in general advancement. Throughout a residence of many
years in San Francisco he has proved himself trustworthy and faith-
ful in business, progressive in citizenship and loyal to the claims of
friendship, and he has thus commanded and kept the esteem and high
regard of all who are associated with him.

ALVA F. .ALAINE, M. D.

Dr. Alva F. >Ltine, who has been successfully engaged in the
practice of medicine in Oakland since 1908, is well known as a rep-
resentative of that class of progressive professional men who utilize
the most advanced methods of medical science, his broad reading and
earnest study keeping him in touch with the advancement that is
being continually made by the profession. Dr. Maine was born in
Newark, New Jersey, November 2, 1877. and is a son of Dr. A. P.
and M. M. (Sheffield) Maine. The father is still an active and suc-
cessful representative of the medical fraternity in \\'ebster. New
York.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 40:5

Alva F. Maine attended the public and high schools, being grad-
uated from the latter when nineteen years of age. He was afterward
employed by his father until he reached the age of twenty-one years,
when, wishing to prepare for the pratcice of medicine, he entered
the University of Buffalo, at Buffalo, New York, spending three
years in its medical department. While a student there he was editor
of tlie Iris, the second annual classbook of that school, issued by the
graduating class of 1900. On leaving Buffalo he entered the Univer-
sity of Louisville and after a year spent in the medical department
was graduated. He then returned from Kentucky to New York and
for a year was engaged in active practice at Webster with his father.
Thinking, however, to try his fortune up<Mi the Pacific coast,
he made his way to Redwood City, California, where he engaged in
active practice and for two years filled the position of health officer.
In 1904 and again in 1907 he went to New York city for post-
graduate work in the Polyclinic. In the fall of 1908 he came to Oak-
land and has been practicing here continuously since. His ability is
widely recognized and is attested in the liberal patronage now ac-
corded him. Anything which tends to bring to man the key to the
complex mystery which we call life is of interest to him, and his
reading has been wide and varied, covering all the phases of advanced
medical and surgical science. He belongs to the American Medical
Association, the California State Medical Society, and the Alameda
County Medical Society, and through attendance at the meetings of
these organizations keeps in touch with the work of eminent mem-
bers of the profession.

In addition to his practice Dr. Maine has become financially inter-
ested in the Coin-Controlled Seat Company of San Francisco, of
which he is the treasurer. This company is engaged in the manufac-
ture and sale of seats which can be controlled and operated by means
of a coin and is the only one of the kind upon the market. After a
number of years of experimenting and the expenditure of thousands
of dollars E. W. Allen of San Jose, Califprnia, has perfected, built
and patented a coin-controlled seat or bench of simple design which
will withstand the hard usage and exposure to which a seat of this
kind is subjected. Such seats are intended for coast resorts, summer
gardens, open-air theaters, ball parks and public parks, and the com-
pany also manufacture specially designed seats or opera chairs for
inside use, with coin box adjusted to accommodate any size coin from
a nickel to a dollar. Other seats are manufactured with a canopv or
umbrella. It is believed that the installment of such seats in public
places will net a verv large income to tiie proprietc^rs, aiul indications

404

irrsTORV OF ai.ameda county

arc that thousands of such seats will be in immediate use almost as
soon as manufactured. Progressive and enterprising business meth-
ods have been adopted by the officers of this company, who are:
Peter Bacigalupi, president; Edgar W. Allen, vice president; Walter
A. Chowen, secretarv; Dr. Alva F. Maine, treasurer, and Charles A.
Beardsley, auditor.

Dr. Maine was married, at Rochester, New York, to Miss Kath-
rvne Smith on the 13th of September, 1902. He holds membership
with the Knights of Columbus, and in politics he is independent,
\oting as his judgment dictates, without regard to party ties.

GEORGE FRIEND COMPANY.

The beautiful and enterprising city of Berkeley owes a great deal
of its later development and upbuilding to the activities of the George
Friend Company, which since 1905 has controlled important real-
estate interests in the city and the vicinity. It was founded in that
year under the name of Irwin-Patten Company, and was later reor-
ganized as the Newell-Hendrickson Company. In July, 191 1, Wil-
liam C. Murdock and George Friend bought out Mr. Hendrickson's
interests in the concern and the Newell-Murdock Company was
formed. This continued until May i, 1913, when George Friend
became sole proprietor of the business and manager of the companv
which bears his name.

The companv has alwavs been especially interested in subdivision
and development work in Berkeley and three of the most attractive
and beautiful residence districts of the city. Regents Park, North
Brea and Thousand Oaks, have been exploited and developed by it.
Mr. Friend is now giving practically all of his attention to this latter
subdivision, which is known as the most beautiful residence park in
California, and the artistic and lovely efifects which have been pro-
duced here by adapting the architecture of the houses to the wild
but beautiful forest scenery, defy description. The view from the
heights of Thousand Oaks is magnificent. It embraces the entire
western horizon from nortli to south — five counties, twelve cities
and the bay from Alviso to Cart]uinez straits being in full view. A
street car ride along Arlington avenue places this panorama before
the visitor. This street with its double driveway, imposing con-
crete ornamentation and geranium covered terraces, winds past the
Spring estate and is destined soon to become one of the most famous

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 405

drives in the west as it ,is already one of the most beautiful. Mr.
Friend has striven to place the advantages of this garden spot
within the reach of all, and a five thousand dollar house and lot
may be bt)ught in Thousand Oaks for an initial pavment of six
hundred and twentv-five dollars and monthly payments of fifty
dollars. There is e.xcellent transportation service, one hundred
and fifty-five trains each way, running between San Francisco and
Thousand Oaks, while the finest electric suburban service in the
United States connects the little community with all the Alameda
county lines of the Traction Company. The streets in the subdivision
are all parked and planted with grass or geraniums. Red-haw-
thorne trees are set at short intervals, while in the parks and rock
walled footways, ornamental stone benches and gigantic urns are
placed, producing an efifect altogether delightful. The natural
beauty of this spot, the excellent transportation facilities, the artistic
landscape gardening, the proximity of the University of California,
which is one and a half miles distant, all combine to make Thousand
Oaks a most desirable resident section and its rapid development and
upbuilding is assured. Mr. Friend has given a great deal of his
time and attention to this project and has carried it forward to a most
successful completion. He is regarded as a reliable, farsighted and
progressive business man, and his activities have been for several
years past potent factors in the development and upbuilding of the
city where he makes his home.

PASQUAL KISICH.

Pasqual Kisich, who has been a resident of Oakland for more tlian
a quarter of a century, is the well known proprietor of the beautiful
Saddle Rock Cafe at No. 418 Thirteenth street. His birth occurred
in Ragusa, Austria, on the i6th of October, 1869, his parents being
Michael and Svieta Kisich. In the acquirement of an education he
attended the public schools until fourteen years of age. He and his
fatlier were awarded a contract to supply soldiers with food, and this
work claimed his attention for three years. At the age of seventeen
he emigrated to the United States and settled in California, being
emploved on a ranch near Santa Clara for tliree months. He then
came to Oakland and worked in a restaurant for two years. On the
expiration of that period, in association with Joiin Marcovitch, he
opened the Saddle Kock Cafe at the corner of Tweiftli and Wash-

40fi HISTORY OF ALA.MKDA COUNTY

ington streets and in 1893 purchased the interest of his partner. In
1900 lie removed to Broadway, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth
streets, there remaining until 1905, when he came to his present
place of business at No. 418 Thirteenth street. Here he conducts an
attractive and handsomely appointed cafe that is considered the best
in Oakland. As the years have gone by he has won a measure of
success that is well merited and that entitles him to recognition among
the prosperous and representative citizens of his community.

On the 1 2th of April, 1898, in Oakland, Mr. Kisich was united
in marriage to Miss Nettie C. Stroinski, by whom he has three chil-
dren, namely: Oliver, who is fourteen years of age and a high-school
student; Bernice, eight years old, who is in school in a convent; and
Pasqual, a little lad of three.

Mr. Kisich is a republican in politics, while fraternally he is
identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Fra-
ternal Order of Eagles and the Loyal Order of Moose. He is a
member of organizations whose aim is to promote the expansion of
Oakland, belonging to the Chamber of Commerce, the Oakland
Commercial Club and the Merchants Exchange, of which lie is a
director. In this citv, where he took up his abode more than a quar-
ter of a centurv ago, he has gained an extensive circle of friends and
acquaintances.

CHARLES E. OILMAN.

Charles E. Oilman, a prominent, prosperous and enterprising
young citizen of Oakland, serves as vice president, general manager
and director of the Union \\'ater Company, of which he was one of
the organizers in February, 1910. His birth occurred in Oakland
on the I St of August, 1880, his parents being C. H._ and Kate K.
(Cullcn) Oilman. The father, who was born in Toronto, Canada,
on the 17th of October, 1S38, acquired his more advanced educa-
tion in McOill I'niversity and in 1857 went to Japan in a sailing
vessel, being the first white man to attempt such a trip. In 1859
he landed in San Francisco and there organized the firm of Gil-
man & Danforth for the conduct of a warehouse, their business
increasing to such an extent that at the time of his retirement in
1896 thcv owned seven warehouses in San F"rancisco. His demise
occurred in the vear 1899. He was a charter member of the Bohe-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 409

mian Club of San Francisco, held several chairs in the Ancient
Order of United Workmen and also belonged to the Athenian Club
of Oakland.

Charles E. Oilman attended the graded and high schools until
i8g5 and subsequently spent a year as a student in the Manzanita
Hall Preparatory School for Boys at Pala Alto, California. He
then entered Leland Stanford Junior University and while pursuing
his education there acted as manager of the football team, leader
of the Glee Club and track manager of the Delta Upsilon, being
also a member of Psi Upsilon, Sigma Sigma and Snake and Keys.
Following his graduation in 1900 he went to South America as
engineer and geologist for the Braner-Agassiz Exposition, explor-
ing the east coast of South America for six months. On returning
to California he became manager of the Elizabeth Mining Com-
pany in Shasta county and remained in that capacitv until iqoi.
Subsequently he was appointed and served as field engineer and
petrographer for the Washington State Geological Survey until 1902
and was afterward engaged as mining engineer for the Crosbv-
Ehrich syndicate at Colorado Springs, Colorado, until the winter
of 1902. He then joined Mr. Wright in the firm known as the
Wright & Oilman Company, mining engineers, and in 1903 be-
came assistant chief engineer for the Bay City Water Company of
San Francisco, acting in that capacity until 1904. Mr. Oilman next
served for five months as consulting engineer for the Tonopah Water
Company of Tonopah, Nevada. In the latter part of 1904 he in-
vestigated all the power sites, power rights and land holdings of
the Western Power Company and the Golden State Power Com-
pany, spending four months in that way. He then went to Cudahy,
Wisconsin, and there spent six months as mining engineer for the
Power & Mining Machinery Company. On the 17th of April,
1906, in San Francisco, he formed the Duryea, Heahl & Oilman
Engineering Company and is still a member thereof. In February,
1910, he was one of the organizers of the Union Water Company
in Oakland and was made vice president, general manager and
director of the cijrporation, which positions he still holds at the
present time, displaying excellent executive ability in the discharge
of his important duties. The company supplies three thousand homes
with water. During the fire of 1906 Mr. Oilman was appointed
first lieutenant of artillery and later became major, serving for ninety
days. Governor Pardee complimented him for his executive ability
and tiie commendable manner in which he maintained order through-
out tile destroyed district in San Francisco.

406 HISTORY- Ol' ALAMEDA COUNTY

ington streets and in 1893 purchased the interest of his partner. In
1900 he removed to Broadway, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth
streets, there remaining until 1905, when he came to his present
place of business at No. 418 Thirteenth street. Here he conducts an
attractive and handsomely appointed cafe that is considered the best
in Oakland. As the years have gone by he has won a measure of
success that is well merited and that entitles him to recognition among
the prosperous and representative citizens of his community.

On the 1 2th of April, 1898, in Oakland, Mr. Kisich was united
in marriage to Miss Nettie C. Stroinski, by whom he has three chil-
dren, namely: Oliver, who is fourteen years of age and a high-school
student; Bernice, eight years old. who is in school in a convent; and
Pasqual, a little lad of three.

Mr. Kisich is a republican in politics, while fraternally he is
identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Fra-
ternal Order of Eagles and the Loyal Order of Moose. He is a
member of organizations whose aim is to promote the expansion of
Oakland, belonging to the Chamber of Commerce, the Oakland
Commercial Club and the Merchants Exchange, of which he is a
director. In this city, where he took up his abode more than a quar-
ter of a century ago, he has gained an extensive circle of friends and
acquaintances.

CHARLES E. OILMAN.

Charles E. Oilman, a prominent, prosperous and enterprising
young citizen of Oakland, serves as vice president, general manager
and director of the Union Water Company, of which he was one of
the organizers in February, 1910. His birth occurred in Oakland
on the 1st of August, iSSo, his parents being C. H. and Kate K.
(CuUen) Oilman. The father, who was born in Toronto, Canada,
on the 17th of October, 1S38, acquired his more advanced educa-
tion in McGill Cniversity and in 1S57 went to japan in a sailing
vessel, being the first white man to attempt such a trip. In 18^9
he landed in San Francisco and there organized the lirm of Gil-
man & Danforth for the conduct of a warehouse, their business
increasing to such an extent that at the time of his retirement in
1896 they owned seven warehouses in San Francisco. His demise
occurred in the vear i89<;. He was a ciiartcr member of the Bohe-

HISTORY OF AT.AMEDA COUNTY 409

nian Club of San Francisco, held several chairs in the Ancient
Order of United Workmen and also belonged to the Athenian Club
3f Oakland.

Charles E. Gilman attended the graded and high schools until
i8q5 and subsequently spent a year as a student in the Manzanita
Hall Preparatory School for Boys at Pala Alto, California. He
then entered Leland Stanford Junior University and while pursuing
bis education there acted as manager of the football team, leader
Df the Glee Club and track manager of the Delta Upsilon, being
ilso a member of Psi Upsilon, Sigma Sigma and Snake and Keys.
Following his graduation in 1900 he went to South America as
engineer and geologist for the Braner-Agassiz E.xposition, explor-
ing the east coast of South America for six months. On returning
to California he became manager of the Elizabeth Mining Com-
pany in Shasta county and remained in that capacity until 1901.
Subsequently he was appointed and served as field engineer and
petrographer for the Washington State Geological Survey until 1902
and was afterward engaged as mining engineer for the Crosby-
Ehrich svndicate at Colorado Springs, Colorado, until tiic winter
of 1902. He then joined Mr. Wright in the Hrm ktiown as the
Wright & Gilman Company, mining engineers, and in 1903 be-
came assistant chief engineer for the Bay City Water Company of
San Francisco, acting in that capacity until 1904. Mr. Gilman next
served for five months as consulting engineer for the Tonopah Water
Company of Tonopah, Nevada. In the latter part of 1904 he in-
vestigated all the power sites, power rights and land holdings of
the Western Power Company and the Golden State Power Com-
pany, spending four months in that way. He then went to Cudahy,
Wisconsin, and there spent six months as mining engineer for the
Power & Mining Machinery Company. On the 17th of April,
1906, in San Francisco, he formed the Duryea, Heahl & Gilman
Engineering Company and is still a member thereof. In February,
1910, he was one of the organizers of the Union Water Company
in Oakland and was made vice president, general manager and
director of the corporation, which positions he still holds at the
present time, displaying e.xcellent executive ability in the discharge
of his important duties. The company supplies three thousand homes
with water. During the fire of 1906 Mr. Gilman was appointed
first lieutenant of artillery and later became major, serving for ninety
days. Governor Pardee complimented him for his executive ability
and the commendable manner in which he maintained order through-
out the destnned district in San Francisco.

410 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

On the 8th of December, 1906, in San Francisco, Mr. Oilman
was united in marriage to Miss Antoynette Granelli, who was a vol-
unteer Red Cross nurse during the fire of 1906. They now have two
children, Antoynette and C. E., Jr., who are six and two years of age
respectively. Fraternally Mr. Oilman is a Scottish Rite Mason, and
also belongs to the Mystic Shrine. He is likewise connected with the
Modern Woodmen of America, the Nile Club and the Athenian Club
and is a charter member of the Army and Navy Club. The sub-
jective and objective forces of life are in Mr. Oilman well balanced,
making him cognizant of his own capabilities and powers, while at
the same time he thoroughly understands and meets his obligations
and opportunities.

W. A. CATTELL, C. E.

W. A. Cattell is one of the foremost construction engineers of the
Pacific coast, being located in San Francisco. He now tends to a
large general practice, and is also consulting engineer to many enter-
prises, his activities having an important influence upon the develop-
ment of Alameda county and other parts of the state of California.
Mr. Cattell was born in Princeton, New Jersey, June 16, 1863, and
is a son of Thomas W. and Anna C. (Ashburner) Cattell. He
attended various public and private schools until 1880, when he
entered Lafayette College. From that year until 1884 he took the
four years' course in civil engineering in the Pardee scientific depart-
ment of Lafayette College, graduating in 1884 with the degree of
civil engineer.

He then accepted employment with the State Board of Railroad
Assessors of New Jersey, becoming an assistant engineer under Colo-
nel James Allen and later serving under Edlow W. Harrison in
making resurveys and valuations of the railroad and canal property
in the state. He was also later employed by the Atchison, Topeka &
Santa Fe Railroad Company on preliminary and location surveys in
Kansas and Indian Territory. In 1889 Mr. Cattell accepted the
position of assistant chief engineer of the Long Island Railroad,
being in charge of the construction department. He had supervision
of the design and construction of bridges, buildings, docks, piers and
terminals and the location and construction of the new lines. During
this period, the road was practically reconstructed, many miles of
new lines and double track were added and extensive improvements
effected.

HISTORY OF AI,.\MEDA COUNTY 411

Mr. Cattell remained as assistant chief engineer with the Long
Island Railroad until 1897 ^^'^ from that year until 1905 was en-
gaged in general practice as consulting engineer in New York city.
He acted in that capacity for the Brooklyn park department, super-
vising the construction of steel and masonry bridges; for the Ohio
Southern Railroad, on bridges and general improvement, and for the
Manhattan Beach Company, on the installation of the electric light,
power and refrigerating plants, the electric railroad, marine bulk-
heads and shore protection. He assisted William Barclay Parsons and
H. de B. Parsons in the valuation of a number of large manufacturing
plants, aggregating many million dollars in value, among them the
Rogers Locomotive Works and the William Cramp shipbuilding
plant at Philadelphia; also on the report on a high-speed electric
railway projected to run from Philadelphia to Atlantic City. He
made examinations, estimates and reports on a large number of exist-
ing and projected railroads, including a belt railway for the city of
St. Louis and the proposed terminals for the Southern Railroad at
Pensacola, Florida. He reported on the extensive irrigation project
in New Mexico now being constructed by the United States reclama-
tion service and on a number of minor water supply and power proj-
ects in various parts of the United States. He made complete and
detailed designs for the buildings and mechanical installations of
several manufacturing plants, including a plant for the manufacture
of sewer pipe which was erected at Shawmut, Pennsylvania. He
prepared the estimate for bids for various construction concerns on
extensive improvements, among them the Atlantic Avenue improve-
ments of the Long Island Railroad and the section of the New York
Rapid Transit Subway from the City Hall, New York, to Flatbush
avenue, Brooklyn, including the tunnel section under the East river.
He also made the estimates for the track elevation of the New
York Central Railroad, Schenectady, New York. He assisted H. de
B. Parsons in the examination of the new filtration plants, pumping
stations and the aqueduct tunnel of the Philadelphia waterworks
system in connection with the charges of graft in the construction of
these works. He was appointed chairman of the commission to
determine the cause of a fatal building collapse in Albany, New
York, by the mayor of that city. He prepared preliminary plans for
extensive improvements at Manhattan Beach, involving reinforced
concrete sea walls, a large amount of hydraulic filling for reclama-
tion, complete water supply and sewerage system, power plant and
railway terminal facilities; also prepared the plans for a number of
buildings, private residences, a casino and a hotel.

412 HISTORY OF AT.AMEDA COUXTY

During 1905 and 1906 Mr. Cattell was consulting engineer for
E. H. Rollins & Sons (municipal and corporation bonds) of San
Francisco, California, making examinations and reports on various
steam and electric railroads, existing and projected, including the
Western Pacific Railroad, and on many of the important hydro-
electric developments of the state. He was president of the Petaluma
& Santa Rosa Electric Railroad, operating thirty-four miles of inter-
urban line, and also president of the Marin Terminal and Santa Rosa
and Northern Railroads when they projected to build sixty-five miles
of additional high-grade interurban lines. Construction work on
these lines had been started shortly before the earthquake, but was
suspended at that time and has never since been resumed. Since 1908
Mr. Cattell has been engaged in general practice as consulting en-
gineer in San Francisco. He was chief engineer of the Clear Lake
power and irrigation project; made a reconnaisance survey and
report for the Hirsch Syndicate, Ltd., of London, on the Valdez-
Yukon Railroad project in Alaska (one hundred and sixty-four
miles) ; a report on the terminal pier of the San Francisco-Oakland
Terminal Railways, a double-track structure extending three miles
out into San Francisco bay, with a special investigation of the effect
of sea water on the concrete cylinders which supported a portion of
the structure; and a reconnaisance survey for the United States for-
est service of a railway line along the Klamath river, California,
seventy-two miles in length. At this writing Mr. Cattell is chief
engineer of the Trona Railway, a standard-gauge steam railroad in
California of which thirty miles are nearly completed. He is con-
sulting engineer for the San Francisco-Oakland Terminal Railwavs,
operating two hundred and fifty-six miles of line in Oakland and
adjoining cities, and engaged in the design and construction of the
new terminals and harbor improvements for that companv. He is
consulting engineer for the People's Water Company in connection
with the litigation now in progress in the federal courts over water
rates. He is consulting engineer for the Los Angeles Railway Cor-
poration, operating three hundred and sixty-four miles of line in Los
Angeles, California, in connection with the valuation of the propertv
in the case now at issue before the State Railroad Commission.

Mr. Cattell is connected with the following scientific and profes-
sional associations: American Society of Civil P^ngineers, of which
he is a director; American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Amer-
ican Institute of Consulting Engineers; Pacific Association of Con-
sulting Engineers; American Water Works Association, and En-
gineers' Club of San Francisco. His work has been of the greatest

HISTORY OF ALA:MEDA COUNTY 413

importance to the growth and development of Oakland and Alameda
county, and his accomplishments will for years to come contribute
to the prosperity of its residents.

GEORGE WILLIAM PRICK.

George W. Prick is one of the most prominent educators of Ala-
meda county, having three times served in the position of county
superintendent of schools, his first election taking place in 1890 and
his second in 1907, since which time he has filled that position. Mr.
Prick comes of a family which settled in California in pioneer days.
It was established in this state by his father, George Washington
Prick, a native of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and a son of
Abraham Prick, the latter a sturdy settler of German ancestry, whose
death occurred in 1880, while his wife died some years earlier. In
their family were six sons and two daughters.

George W^ashington Prick, the father of the subject of this review,
sought the opportunities of the middle west, removing to Illinois in
1839, the family making their home on a farm near Galena. He
received his education in the district schools there, and also studied
privately, subsequently taking a course in the Mount Morris Semi-
nary when about twenty years of age. In 1852, in Galena, Illinois,
he married Miss Mary E. Bryant, and before the year was out they
started for California, accompanied by her parents. They made the
long journey without any serious adventures, although they expe-
rienced the hardships and privations incident to such a trip.
"Mother Bryant," as she was known, however, was crippled by an
accident at the beginning of the journey, but was able to do the cook-
ing for the party all the way across the plains.

Arriving in the Golden state in 1853, Mr. Prick took up teaching
in Santa Cruz, having charge of the first public school there for two
terms, at the end of which time he removed to Centerville, Alameda
countv, where he also followed this profession. He was one of the
first republicans in the county and from the date of his arrival took
an active interest in the afifairs of his party. In 1857 he removed to
Sonoma county and purchased a ranch about three miles northeast
of Petaluma, his property comprising one hundred and twenty acres.
He continued to teach school, having charge of the Bethel school for
one term. In i860 he became the candidate of the republican party

414 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

lor sheriff, but later withdrew in order to better the chances of the
union party candidate. He was active in the Union League move-
ment during the Civil war and was the president of the Bethel Union
League near Petaluma. He was also chairman of the Sonoma county
delegation to the state convention which nominated George C. Gor-
ham for governor. Although his county had a large democratic
majority, he was twice elected supervisor, drawing many democratic
votes because even his political opponents were absolutely sure of the
purity of his motives and the sincerity of all his actions. For fifteen
years he served as a school trustee, always taking an interest in the
cause of education, and practically all his life he held an official posi-
tion of one sort or another in the Methodist Episcopal church.

In 1 871 he sold his farming interests near Petaluma and in the
following year located in Mendocino county. In 1874 he became a
settler of Santa Barbara county, where he was identified with the
Lompoc Temperance Colony, of which movement he was a pioneer.
He conducted a mercantile establishment in Lompoc and also par-
ticipated in the public life of the municipality as school trustee. It
was largely due to his efforts that a five thousand dollar schoolhouse
was erected, and he also was instrumental in the building of a church
edifice for the Methodist Episcopal denomination. After disposing
of his store in Lompoc he acquired title to about one thousand acres
of land in the San Miguelito canyon, which he devoted to dairying,
making the purchase in 1876 and locating upon the property about
three years later. Subsequently, however, he leased this land and
removed to Oakland in order to give his children the best educational
advantages.

Mrs. Frick, who in her maidenhood was Miss Mary E. Brvant.
was a daughter of William Cowper Bryant of New England, who at
an earlier day became a merchant of Galena, Illinois. He made sev-
eral trips to California by way of Mexico and the Isthmus and while
crossing the plains was shot by Indians and for some time carried the
arrowhead in his breast, finally having it cut out with a butcher
knife, as he was unable to reach a doctor. He was one of the pioneer
draymen of San Francisco and while at his work fell through a
wharf, receiving such serious injuries that he was crippled for life.

His wife, Anna (Sterret) Bryant, was of German descent and
became widely known throughout the state of California for church
and charitable work. As "Mother Bryant" she was familiarly known
to the inhabitants of San Francisco and the surrounding territory.
She crossed the plains on crutches and lived to be about seventy years
of age. Two of her sons, John and \^'iIliam, became ministers. Mrs.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 415

Frick was president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union
of Lompoc at the time of her death, which occurred May 3, 1884.
Her husband passed away in Lompoc while on a visit, July 12, 1889,
at the age of sixty-four years. In their family were the following
children: George William, of this sketch; Laura A., who died
December 3, 1888, at the age of twenty-seven; Abraham Lincoln,
who is a lawyer by profession and served as deputy district attorney
of Alameda county in 1891 and later became superior judge; John
Frederick, who was graduated from the Oakland high school in 1888
and later studied law; and Blanche.

George William Frick was born in Santa Cruz, California, April
4, 1854, and attended the Bethel district school in Sonoma county
until fourteen years of age, when he became a pupil in Professor
H. S. Lippett's scientific and classical institute at Petaluma. In 1870
he attended grammar school for one term and in 1871 entered the
Napa Collegiate Institute. In 1873, when he was nineteen years of
age, he apprenticed himself to the printer's trade in a newspaper
office in Napa and subsequently removed with his employer to San
Jose, where he first began to write for the paper. He subsequently
returned to Petaluma and then went to Lompoc, where he taught a
private school and also followed newspaper work. Subsequently he
studied law for nine months in San Francisco and then returned to
Petaluma, where he again acted as compositor and writer and also
studied for teaching, receiving his certificate in Santa Rosa in 1877.
His first school was taught in Sebastapol. In 1879 he came to Ala-
meda county and followed his profession for eighteen months in Cas-
tro valley. He next was connected with the two department school
at Mount Eden for three and one-half years, and in 1884 became head
of the Hayward school of seven departments, and in 1886 of the San
Leandro school of eight departments. In July, 1888, he was chosen
bv the Oakland board of education to fill the principalship of the
Tompkins school of eight departments, and in the fall of 1890 was
elected county superintendent of schools. After serving his term he
became principal of the Cole school of Oakland, and continued in
that position for twelve years, being in 1906 again elected county
superintendent and having since continued in that position. Mr.
Frick has made many improvements since he has taken charge of the
office. He has simplified the clerical work and has placed all of the
affairs of the office upon a strict business basis. He makes it a point
to visit all of the schools in the county, if possible, five or six times a
year and keeps in close touch with the teachers and pupils in order
to maintain that spirit of cooperation which is so necessary in order

416 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

to insure success. He has also encouraged the introduction of indus-
trial education in the country schools.

]n Oakland, January i, 1885, Mr. Frick married Miss Rhoda
Louise Tucker, who taught in the Hayward school when he was prin-
cipal. Her parents were William J. and Sarah L. (Walker) Tucker.
She was born in Brandon, Vermont, and came to California in her
early life. She attended the public schools, and graduated as class
poet from the University of California in the class with ex-Governor
Pardee. Mr. and Mrs. Frick had two children: Gladys C, now
Mrs. Shepherd and Raymond L. Mrs. Frick passed awav in 1H92,
her death causing sincere sorrow, not only to her immediate family,
but to her many friends, all of whom esteemed her for her womanly
qualities of character.

Mr. Frick is thoroughly devoted to his profession, which demands
nearly all of his time. He is, however, interested in fraternal work
and has been an active member of the Odd Fellows since attaining
his majority, having held all of the chairs in the subordinate lodge
and encampment. In 1890 he joined Oakland Canton, No. 11, of
that order, and he is a past grand of Sycamore Lodge, No. 129, and
a past chief patriarch of Alameda Encampent, No. 29, both of Hay-
ward. For two terms he was district deputy grand master. He is
also prominent in the Masonic order, being a past master of Euca-
lyptus Lodge, No. 243, A. F. & A. ^L, of Hayward; is a member of
Oakland Chapter, No. 36, R. A. M.; and the Order of the Eastern
Star. He is a charter member and past exalted ruler of Oakland
Lodge, No. 171, B. P. O. E., and is past president of Oakland Par-
lor, No. 50, N. S. G. W. He also belongs to the Loval Order of
Moose. In all the relations of life he has proven himself trustworthy,
and he well merits the confidence the public places in him. He is a
public-spirited and patriotic citizen who for many years has worked
for the betterment of educational opportunities in Alameda county
and who has achieved results which will tell in vears to come.

CHARLES A. BEARDSLEY.

Charles A. Beardsley, assistant city attorney of the City of Oak-
land, and one of the able and prosperous young lawyers of Oakland,
connected with important litigated interests as a member of the
firm of Fitzgerald, Abbott & Beardsley, was born in Pennsylvania,
January 14, 1882, a son of Ezra S. and May (Fleming) Beardsley.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 417

Charles A. Beardsley came to California in 1892 and resumed
his education, begun in Pennsylvania, in the public schools of this
state, graduating from Campbell high school in 1901. He later
entered Leland Stanford University, from which he was graduated
with the degree of B. A. in 1906 and with the degree of Doctor of
Law in 1908. He was admitted to the bar by the first appellate
court of California in January, 1907, and on June ist of the follow-
ing year began the practice of his profession in association with
Fitzgerald & Abbott, the hrm name being now Fitzgerald, Abbott
& Beardsley. Mr. Beardsley was made deputy city attorney of Oak-
land in January, 191 1, and later was made assistant city attorney,
which office he now holds, discharging the duties incumbent upon
him in a way which reflects credit upon Ins ability, impartiality and
public spirit.

On the 9th of July, 191 i, Mr. Beardsley was united in marriage
to Miss Agnes I. LalYerty. He is a member of the Nile Club and
gives his political allegiance to the republican party. He is a young
man of energy, ambition and enterprise, who in professional, official
and social relations holds steadily to high ideals, so that he com-
mands the confidence and regard of all who are associated with him.

CHARLES JURGENS.

Charles Jurgens, who is one of the oldest business men still active
in the commercial life of Oakland, was born in Waldeck, Germany,
January 3, 1844. In that country he was educated, pursuing his
studies to the age of sixteen years, when, in i860, he sailed for Amer-
ica. Landing in New York, he made his way to Michigan and
remained in that state for three years, at the end of which time he
started for California by way of the Isthmus route. Crossing the bay
from San Francisco on the steamer Clinton, which then made daily
trips between the two places, he settled in Oakland when the city
consisted of but four business blocks and the streets were of deep sand.
He engaged as a clerk in a grocery house in what was then called
San Antonio and in 1868 embarked in business on his own account
as proprietor of a grocery store in Temescal, now known as North
Oakland. After conducting the business for several years he sold
out in 1 876 and built the St. Johns House, the first brick business block
on Twelfth street, having a plate-glass front and a basement. The
people generally considered the innovation foolish. He then built the

418 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

present Globe Hotel, at Thirteenth and Broadway, conducting it
until recently, when he leased it.

In 1905 he bought out the W. M. Watson Company and called
it the Winedale Company, of which he is the president. He is a
director in many large banks and business establishments, has dealt
extensively in real estate and is one of the very wealthy men of Ala-
meda county. He is regarded as a very active, energetic business
man, wide-awake to the conditions of trade and at all times alert and
enterprising. Fraternally Mr. Jurgens is a member of the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows and is popular in that organization.
In 1870 he was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Springer, who
passed away in 1913, leaving two sons and two daughters. Mr. Jur-
gens has witnessed and helped in the growth of Oakland and he
marks as epochs in the city's development: 1863, when the Southern
Pacific built the Seventh street line; 1868, when the Overland Rail-
road was completed; 1876, Centennial year, when the city had a
rapid and unusual growth; and 1906, when the city really awoke
from a village to realize its true destiny.

WILLIAM C. JURGENS.

William C. Jurgens is secretary of the Winedale Company, con-
trolling one of the largest wholesale and retail liquor houses in the
county. He was born in Oakland (Temescal), California, Januar\
13, 1873, and is a son of Charles Jurgens. Reared in his native city,
the public schools afiforded William C. Jurgens his preliminary edu-
cational opportunities. He passed through consecutive grades until
graduated from the high school, in December, 1892. He next entered
the University of California and was graduated in 1897. He subse-
quently had charge of the cooperative store at the university for five
years, at the end of which time he and his father bought out the W.
M. Watson Company, which they have since conducted under
the firm name of the Winedale Company. Since that time William
Jurgens has been secretary, and as such has been active in the control
of a business which is growing along substantial lines. He is watch-
ful of all indications concerning trade conditions, is energetic and
determined in carrying out his plans, and as the years have passed on
has achieved a measure of success which is the direct and merited
reward of persistent, earnest effort.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 419

In Oakland, on the 13th of January, 191 i, Mr. [urgens was united
in marriage to Miss Gladys Thorpe. Fraternally he is connected
with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has never been a
politician in the sense of office seeking, preferring to concentrate his
energies upon his business affairs, which, capably directed, have
brought to him substantial success. He has many friends in the city
in which he has spent his entire life and attractive social qualities
have made him popular among those with whom he is connected.

FRANK C. FABENS.

Throughout the years of an active business career Frank C.
Fabens of Alameda has given all of his time and attention to the
railroatl business and is today one of the most trusted and valued
representatives of the Southern Pacific Railroad in California, ris-
ing through the various departments to be manager of the pass bureau,
a position which he has filled with credit and distinction since July
28, 1913. He was born in San Francisco, July 7, 1874, and is a mem-
ber of one of the well known California pioneer families, his father,
George C. Fabens, having come around the Horn from Salem.
Massachusetts, in 1864. He also was a prominent railroad official,
spending many years of his active life in the employ of the Southern
Pacific Railroad and holding the position of claim adjuster at the
time of his death in 1905.

Frank C. Fabens was tlirce years of age when his parents moved
to Alameda in November, 1877. In the public schools of this city he
acquired his early education and after completing the grammar-
school course entered the Alameda high school, from which he was
graduated in 1891. He was afterward a student in the Aydelotte
Business College of Oakland, completing the course there in 1892.
In the following year he became connected with the Southern Pacific
Railroad, entering the claim adjusting department on January i, of
that year and giving immediate evidence of unusual ability along
this line. Advancement came rapidly but only in recognition of
superior merit and accomplishments, and he was soon transferred
to the operating department as private secretary to the general super-
intendent and general manager. After the San Francisco fire he
was made chief clerk to the general superintendent and as such acted
until July 28, 19 13, when he was made manager of the pass bureau
at San Francisco. This position calls for e.xecutive ability, business

420 HISTORY OF ala:meda county

discrimination and tact of a high order and upon his possession of
these qualities Mr. Fabens has based a success which places him
among the leading railroad men in the state.

In April, 1910, Mr. Fabens was united in marriage to Miss Lucv
Haviland Bates, and both are well known in social circles of Ala-
meda. Mr. Fabens belongs to the Unitarian Club of Alameda and
the Transportation Club of San Francisco and fraternally is identi-
fied with the Oakland lodge of Elks and Halcyon Parlor, Native
Sons of the Golden West. His many sterling qualities of mind and
character are well known in Alameda, where he has so long resided,
and tiiev have gained him the respect and confidence of his business
associates and of all who arc in anv wav connected with him.

P. FRANK BRADHOFF.

P. Frank Bradhoff, of Oakland, acts as secretary of the General
Contractors Association, which was organized in October, 1913. He
was born in Oakland on the 28th of March, 1873, a son of J. H. and
Katharine BradhofT. The father, who was first officer on a sailing
vessel, first came to California prior to i8so and in 1861 permanently
established his home in Oakland, but devoted his attention to general
agricultural pursuits in Contra Costa county until the time of his
retirement in 1906. His demise occurred in 1910, after a residence
of about a half century in this part of the state, and in his passing the
community lost one of its respected, esteemed and substantial citizens.

P. Frank Bradhofif attended the public schools in the acquirement
of an education until a vouth of fourteen and then worked on his
father's ranch until seventeen years of age. He was subsequently em-
ploved in the operating department of the Southern Pacific Railroad
at Oakland until 1898 and afterward entered the service of the Cali-
fornia Powder Companv, remaining with that concern for three and
a half years and acting in various capacities. Embarking in the real-
estate and building business, he was thus engaged in Oakland and
Berkelev until January, 191 2, when he associated himself with the
Contractors & Builders E.xchange and in tiiat year became secre-
tarv of -the Oakland Builders Exchange, in which position he re-
mained until April, 1914. He then took charge, as secretary, of the
(ieneral Contractors Association, whicli was organized in October,
\<)\T,. Its object is to foster the building industry in Alameda county
and vicinity and to secure equitable dealing between owners, arclii-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 421

tects and contractors in the several branches of construction work,
thus serving the ends of equity, justice and fair dealing. It is in no
way affiliated with or opposed to union labor, but instead endeavors
to promote the harmonious cooperation of all. The association is
necessarily in its infancy but has already registered a large member-
ship of representative men in their respective lines, has won the favor
of material men, specialty contractors and architects as well as that
of the general contractors, and is accorded the respect and hearty
cooperation of the local banking interests. In the capacity of sec-
retary Mr. Bradhofif has promoted the interests of the organization in
no small degree, and his resultant labors have established his reputa-
•tion as a valued official of the association. He likewise organized
the Berkeley Chamber of Commerce and is a prominent factor in
business circles here.

Mr. Bradhofif is a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity, in
which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scotish Rite.
He also belongs to the Mystic Shrine and is a past patron of the East-
ern Star, is an Elk and a past royal patron of Amaranth. His entire
life has been spent in Alameda county and in all itS relations he has
been actuated by honorable, manly principles that have won him the
confidence and esteem of those with whom he has been associated.

BERKELEY LUMBER COMPANY.

One of the representative business institutions in Alameda county
is the Berkeley Lumber Company, which dates its origin from a
time when West Berkeley was little more than a country village.
Its growth has been coincident with the growth of the community,
for since its foundation the business has been in the hands of pro-
gressive, far-sighted and able men, under whose direction it has
advanced to its present large proportions.

The concern was founded about the year 1868 by F. B. Heywood,
a member of the Heywood family, which has for years maintained a
place of importance in the business life of California. F. B. Hey-
wood was a native of Calais, Maine, and in 1850 sent his three sons
around the Horn to California on the bark Ida. After a perilous
vovage, during which thev were marooned for some time on an
island, they arrived in this state and after mining for a time in Yuba
county, acquired property in San Francisco. In the early '60s F. B.
Hevwood followed his sons to the Pacific coast and in partnership

422 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

with Mr. Jacobs entered into the mercantile business in Berkeley
under the name of Heywood & Jacobs. They built the first wharf on
the east side of San Francisco bay and established the first ferry line
to San Francisco. One of F. B. Heywood's sons. Charles Heywood,
engaged in the sheep business in the Napa valley for many years,
driving his sheep to market from Napa to Oakland. In 1868 father
and sons united in the foundation of a lumber business in West
Berkeley, and they laid the foundation for the building of all of the
cities on the east side of the bay. They furnished the lumber for
many of the most important structures of the early times, these includ-
ing the first building of the Universitv of California. The firm con-
tinued for some time in a small way, but little by little extended its
trade relations until it was finally sought after by many of the largest
concerns on the coast. With the expansion of the business F. B. Hev-
wood went to San Francisco, where he established a wh(jlesale lum-
ber business, leaving the ^^'est Berkeley concern in charge of another
companv under a lease.

After the death of F. B. Heywood his sons conducted the busi-
ness in San Frahcisco under the name of Heywood Brothers for
several years. Later Samuel Heywood, one of his brothers, took
charge of the Berkeley establishment, having as a partner at that time
Thomas Richardson, who continued as secretary of the company
until he sold his interests to Mr. Heywood. A corporation was
formed in 1900 under the laws of the state of California, the concern
becoming known as the West Berkelev Lumber Companv. and it
was conducted by Charles D. Heywood, who was president of the con-
cern, and Frank B. Heywood, the secretary and treasurer. In 1912
the company was reorganized and reincorporated under the name of
the Berkeley Lumber Company and it has since enjoyed its usual
prosperity. In 1907 the company disposed of the original property
and established its present quarters at the foot of University avenue,
the buildings extending to the bay in order that large vessels mav
come direct to the wharf for loading and unloading. January i, 1914,
the Heywoods sold the business after it had been in the control of the
family for forty-six years, during which time it became one of the
large enterprises of Berkeley and kept pace w ith the rapid growth of
the community, increasing its capacity as its growing trade justified.
Charles D. and Frank B. Heywood are prominent in public affairs, as
was their father, the latter having served for a number of years as a
member of the board of trustees and also as a member of the board of
education. The Berkeley Lumber Company has been for manv
vears one nf the great single forces in the development of Berkeley

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 423

and its inception and development were due to the energy, enterprise
and business progressiveness which are characteristics of the Hey-
wood family, and any mention of the company invariably brings to
mind the family name with which it was so long associated.

JOSEPH W. KRAMM.

Joseph W. Kramm is identihed with business interests in Oak-
land as secretary of the Golden West Brewery Company, which he
assisted in organizing in 1910. His birth occurred in Oakland on
the qth of September, 1880, his parents being Charles and Augusta
Kramm. The father, who was born in Hanover, Germany, on the
15th of November, 1836, there atended the public schools until
fourteen years of age and subsequently emigrated to the United
States and resided in New York for a short time. In i860 he came
to Oakland, California, and here worked in a brewery for a few
years. He then embarked in the brewing business on his own ac-
count, conducting what was known as the Oakland Brewery at the
corner of Ninth and Broadway until it was destroyed by fire in
1870. In that year he erected a brewery at the corner of Nineteenth
street and Telegraph avenue and there carried on business until he
sold out to the syndicate in 1888 and retired. His demise, which
occurred on the 20th of December, 1890, was deeply deplored, for he
had won many friends in both business and social circles during the
thirty years of his residence in Oakland.

Joseph W. Kramm acquired his education by attendance at the
public schools until 1894 ^"^ also spent a year as a student in
Aydolett's Business College. Subsequently he was employed as
brewer with the Anchor Brewing Company until 1902 and then pur-
chased the plant, continuing its conduct until 1910. In that year, in
association with several others, he organized the Golden West Brew-
ery Company, of which he became secretary and the success of which
he has since furthered in that capacity. The prosperity which has
come to iiim, winning him recognition among the substantial and
representative business men of his native city, is but the merited re-
ward of ably directed effort and excellent executive ability.

Mr. Kramm was married in San Francisco in 1905 and has four
cliildrcn, one son and three daughters. Since age conferred upon
him the right of franchise Mr. Kramm has supported the men and
measures of the republican partv, while fraternally he is identified

424 HISTORY Ol' AT-A.MT.DA COUNTY

with the Native Sons, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Loyal
Order of Moose and the Sons of Hermann. He likewise belongs
to the Turn Verein and the Knights of the Royal Arch. Energetic,
diligent and persevering, he is always found reliable in all his busi-
ness connections and stands for the progressive element in citizenship
and for trustworthiness in every relation.

HIRAM BAILEY.

The life record of Hiram Bailey is interwoven with the history
of Livermore and the valley. He is, indeed, one of the true pioneers
of the county, having been one of the first men to locate in the valley
where he still resides. He has now passed the eighty-fourth mile-
stone on life's journey, his birth having occurred in the state of New
York, January lo, 1830.

He came alone to the west, making the trip by way of the Isthmus
route and arriving in San Francisco on the 20th of March, 1852. He
went to the San Ramon valley, where he spent the summers of 1852
and 1 853, and later was for a time at Contra Costa. In August, 1855,
he arrived in Livermore valley, at which time there were only two
people in the immediate valley — Robert Livermore, the original set-
tler, and a Scotchman by the name of Peter Wilson. Mr. Bailey
took up carpenter work and his first job was the building of a house
for Joseph Livermore. About 1865 he turned his attention to farm-
ing, settling on a ranch five miles northwest of Livermore, where he
carried on general agricultural pursuits for about eight years, cul-
tivating a tract of two thousand acres. In 1873 he purchased another
ranch of two thousand acres in Stanislaus county and operated the
two ranches in conjunction for five years. His place was not used
for grazing purposes, the greater part of it being under cultivation,
and for several years he was farming approximately five thousand
acres. He then retired and removed to Livermore, where he has
since made his home, enjoying well earned and well merited rest from
business cares during his later years. Throughout his active life he
displayed sound judgment in the management of his business interests,
was determined and unfaltering in carrying on his work, and througli
his persistency of purpose won most gratifying success.

Mr. Bailey was married in Livermore to Miss Casimira Liver-
more, a daughter of Robert Livermore, who settled in the \allcy
about 1 820 before the adxciit of anv otiicr white person. In 1914 Mr.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 427

Bailcv was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who passed
away in the month of April, leaving three of the eighi children who
were born of their marriage. These are: Josephine, now the wife
of Dennis F. Bernal of Livermore; Rebecca, the wife of J. A. Seg-
bers of Dawson, Yukon Territory; and Mamie I., the wife of W. H.
Hupers, a merchant of Livermore.

In his political views Mr. Bailey has been a republican since
the organization of the party and has been active in its support.
When the law was passed making the office of towsnhip assessor an
elective one he was chosen to that position and served for two years,
while later he acted as deputy for a few years. He also served as
supervisor of Murray township for ten years and for fourteen years
was a trustee of the Livermore grammar school and for five years
a trustee of the high school. He served during the twenty-seventh
session in the state legislature, to which he was elected in 1886, with
Judge Ellsworth, the speaker during that session being W. H. Jor-
dan. Every public duty entrusted to him has been faithfully dis-
charged and his record is most commendable. He is a member of
Mosaic Lodge, No. 218, A. F. & A. M., and his life has been in har-
mony with the teachings of the craft. He has lived to witness notable
changes during the period of his residence in the Livermore valley,
covering almost six decades, and he can relate many interesting inci-
dents of the early days when he was a pioneer in this district, which
is now thickly populated and highly cultivated.

FRED WALTER FOSS.

One of the most able, progressive and enterprising young men
in public life in Alameda county is Fred Walter Foss, of Berkeley,
now creditably serving as chairman of the finance committee of the
board of supervisors. He was born in Lynn county, Missouri, on
the I St of August, 1 87 1, and as a boy went to San Francisco, acquir-
ing his education in the public schools of that city. He afterward
entered the Commercial high school and, having obtained a thor-
oughly practical education, accepted a position as bookkeeper with
the Central Lumber & Mill Company, with whom he remained
from 1887 to 1889. In the latter year he became yard clerk, book-
keeper and salesman for the C. L. Dingley Company and from 1889
to 1893 did capable and loyal work in those capacities. He was then
offered a position by the Pacific Lumber Company and accepted it,

428 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

remaining in this connection until 1895 and winning during that time
the confidence of his superiors and the respect and esteem of all with
whom he came in contact. Having mastered the details of the lum-
ber business thoroughly, he determined to engage in business for him-
self and accordingly came to Berkeley, founding the F. W. Foss Com-
pany, of which he has since been president. This position has called
forth his executive abilitv, his organizing power and his keen grasp
of business detail, and in his management of the afifairs under his
charge he has clearly demonstrated his possession of these qualities
which have made his concern one of the well and favorably known
business institutions in the community.

It is not alone along business lines, however, that Mr. Foss has
done splendid work for Berkeley, for he has been identified with
public afifairs in the city for many years, his progressive ideas and
the enterprising spirit which dominates all of his activities having
proven helpful factors in community upbuilding. Mr. Foss is now
a member of the county board of supervisors and as chairman of the
finance committee has accomplished a great deal of important and
constructive work. He has systematized and reorganized the afifairs
of the department, putting them upon a strictly business basis, and he
has used his influence unfailingly on the side of fairness and justice,
giving everyone an equal opportunity for legitimate competition in
the awarding of public contracts and the expending of public funds
generally. He has been especially farsighted and discriminating
in his use of all moneys for improvements of a permanent sort and
is recognized as a man whose undoubtful business abilitv has formed
the basis of valuable work in the public service. Mr. Foss is
especially interested in securing for Alameda county a first-class
public hospital and has progressive ideas concerning its building and
etjuipment which his own words best describe. He says: "I believe
tliat a community with the wealth of Alameda county should have
an up-to-date and first class public hospital. The institution should
be sanitary in every particular, with advanced scientific medical ap-
pliances and conveniences and a credit to the county. I believe that
this important measure should be submitted to the people for ap.-
proval and provided for in a bond issue, the burden of which should
be distributed ainono; those w lio will ha\c need of an institution of
this kind in future years."

In San Francisco, in 1893, Mr. Foss was united in marriage to
Miss Anna M. Renwick, who passed away on New Year's day, 1910,
leaving four children, Anita L., Lulu R., \\'illiam R. and Elmer R.
In politics Mr. Foss is a stanch republican and was the first presi-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 429

dent of the Lincoln-Roosevelt Republican League of Berkeley. He
is a member of the Berkeley Elks; Lodge No. 1002, L O. O. F. ; and
the Woodmen of the World, and he is past vice chairman of the Hoo
Hoos of California. He is undoubtedly one of the most able and
prominent men of Berkeley and in business and in politics has made
tangible and substantial contributions to municipal growth and de-
velopment.

HON. GEORGE C. PARDEE.

An encomium upon the life and services of Hon. George C.
Pardee is not needed in a volume presenting the representative
citizens of Oakland, and indeed of the state of California, both of the
past and present, for wherever the name is known it is honored as
that of one of the forceful men of the younger generation who has
made the accomplishment of his efforts the bulwark of our western
statehood. The double honor of being the son of a pioneer and a
native son of California belongs to Dr. Pardee, for his father, the
Hrst Dr. Pardee of California fame, gave the strength of his man-
hood's prime toward the upbuilding and development of the state.
For the complete details concerning his life and the ancestry of the
Pardee family refer to his personal biography.

George C. Pardee was born in San Francisco, July 25, 1857, and
received his primary education in the old City College, and later
attended McClure's Academy and the College School of Oakland,
whither his parents removed in 1867. Subsequently he took a three
years course in the Oakland high school, after which he became a
student in the University of California, first entering the fifth class,
which was then and for some time afterward, maintained as a useful
adjunct to the new institution of learning. His regular university
course was taken during the years 1875 to 1879. The class which
has given the state a governor, a justice of the supreme court, a pro-
fessor of the university and other more or less distinguished citizens,
was more numerous than any that had entered up to that time, and
it was some years before any other of equal numbers followed it. Its
members felt very proud when they graduated sixty-eight out of
one hundred and fifty-nine who entered. It was a class which car-
ried everything before it from the outset, for the seniors, juniors and
sophomores were so much weaker in numbers that it was hardly
worth while for them to attempt to withstand '79. In those days

430 HISTORY OF AI.A.MKDA COUXTY

baseball was the principal athletic sport of the university, and in this
young Pardee exccUeil. retaining to the present day a fondness for
the game. Charter day and class day were then celebrated with as
much spirit as they are today, and in all of these diversions from the
regular line of work he was ever found ready to take a part. Profes-
sional studv in Europe was one of tiie objects wliich he had long had
in mind, and after two years of preliminary work in Cooper College
he went to Germanv and entered the University of Leipzig, from
which he was graduated after three years. And not alone was this
beneficial from a professiooal standpoint, but it served to give him a
broader view of the world, a more complete understanding of human
nature, and in diverse ways fitted him for the important positions he
was afterward called upon to fill.

Returning to his home in Oakland in 1885, Dr. Pardee began
the practice of his profession in San Francisco and Oakland, married
and established a home. It was not over two years, however, before
he found himself interested in politics, manifesting the ability which
was his both bv inheritance and training in his association with
municipal affairs. In a short time he became a member of the Oak-
land city board of health and made a strenuous campaign for the
purification of the water supply. A popular demand was thus
created that he should be a councilman, and in this capacity he in
nowise lost the high regard in which he had come to be held. The
highest office in the gift of the municipality was ne.xt his, and he
entered upon the duties of mayor under discouraging labor condi-
tions, which, however, he managed to surmount with credit to him-
self and satisfaction to those who had entrusted him with the city's
affairs, and upon retiring to private life carried with him the
increased regard of the public. In 1898 he was a candidate for
the republican nomination for governor of California, but was de-
feated in the convention. On November 4, '.(y^i. he was elected on
the republican ticket to th.e office of governor of California. As
Governor, Dr. Pardee had a progressive administration. In fact, it
was so progressive that tiie special interests who dominated politics
at that time succeeded in defeating him for renomination. His na-
tional reputation as a conservationist is attested by his having been
selected to make the opening speech at the National Conservation
Congress at St. Paul in 1910.

Other official and scmi-ofHcial positions occupied by him have
been regent of the State University; member of the National Con-
servation Commission, under appointment by President Roosevelt;
twice president of the National Irrigation Congress; delegate, sev-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 431

eral times, to the National Conservation Congress; chairman of the
Conservation Commission of the State of California; delegate to sev-
eral national republican conventions; presidential elector; etc.

He is an Honorary Thirty-Third Degree Mason, a Knight Tem-
plar, a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, of the
Knights of Pythias, of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, of the
State Medical Society, etc.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF OAKLAND.

It has often been said that the banks of a community are a fair
index of its commercial, industrial and financial prosperity.
Especially is this true of the First National Bank of Oakland which
dates its origin from a time when the citv was a mere countrv vil-
lage and which has since that time been one of the important fac-
tors in the financial development of the community. The institu-
tion was founded on a policy of progressiveness, tempered by a safe
conservatism, and this has been adhered to steadily through the
years, the results being seen in the e.xcellent condition of the bank,
which is today one of the leading financial enterprises in the country.

The First National Bank of Oakland began its existence in 1S74
and was the outgrowth of the Alameda County Savings & Loan So-
ciety. In 1875 the bank was reorganized under the national system as
the First National Gold Bank of Oakland. This was one of the few
gold banks created, there being only nine in the entire United States
— eight in California and one in Boston. A peculiarity of the gold
banks was that they were permitted to take out circulation redeem-
able in gold coin by the deposit of I'nited States bonds bearing inter-
est payable in gold. All of the other national banks in the United
States at that time were making no attempt to redeem their currency
in gold, and consequently all currency was depreciating and could
be exchanged for gold only at a great discount. After the govern-
ment resumed specie payments, thereby restoring greenbacks to a
parity with gold, there was no longer any reason for the special
character of tiie gold banks, and they became like other national
banks. Consequently in 1880, the word "gold" was dropped from
the title of the First National Gold Bank of Oakland and thereafter
It was known simply as the First National Bank of Oakland. Affili-
ated with it is the First Trust ami Saxings Bank which, althougli a

432 HISTORY OF AI.A.MMDA COL'XTY

separate institution, is owned by the stockholders in the First Na-
tional and managed by the same board of directors.

Although this was organized only in 1908 it has now total deposits
amounting to more than 'two million dollars and it is constantly
expanding its resources and widening its sphere of influence.

The officers of the two banks are as follows: P. E. Bowles, presi-
dent; George D. Metcalf, vice president; L. G. Burpee, vice
president; O. D. Jacoby, cashier; and J. F. Lange, assistant cashier.
The board of directors is as follows: L. C. Morehouse, E. L. Dow,
H. C. Morris, E. A. Heron, W. H. Taylor, L. G. Burpee, O. D.
Jacoby, P. E. Bowles and George D. Metcalf. The capital and sur-
plus of the First National Bank are six hundred thousand dollars,
and its total resources are more than four million dollars. The First
Trust and Savings Bank has a capital of five hundred thousand dol-
lars and resources of over four million dollars.

The present management took control in 1893 and under this
administration the present modern building was erected at the inter-
section of San Pablo Avenue, Broadway and Fourteenth streets.
Believing that the function of the modern bank is to supply any
banking need that any customer may possibly desire, the First Na-
tional Bank has provided a fine and up-to-date safe deposit depart-
ment, in which boxes for the keeping of valuable papers, jewelry and
other things may be rented at a low price. The safe deposit vaults
are unique in being situated on the street fiocjr, so that customers are
not obliged to climb stairs in reaching their boxes. A storage vault
in the basement provides facilities for the safekeeping of rugs, sil-
verware, fine paintings and other valuables of a bulky nature. The
officers and directors of the First National Bank are all men of in-
sight and ability, main of whom arc proving their capabilities in
other fields of endeavor. They have steadily adhered to the excel-
lent policy upon which the institution was founded and their intelli-
gent and able management has kept the First National a power in
financial circles of this part of the state.

ADDISON WOOD NAVLOR

One of the most commanding figures in financial circles in
Berkeley and Alameda county, California, as well as a man who
his influenced even the state of California by his activities is Addison
Wood Naylor, president of the First National Bank of Berkeley and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 433

the Berkeley Bank of Savings and Trust Company, the combined
resources of which institutions exceed eight million dollars. An
interesting history of the growth of these two concerns can be found
on another page of this work, and therefrom can easily be gleaned
an idea as to the ability of Mr. Naylor as a financier. Moreover is
he identified with numerous other enterprises of Berkeley, occupying
a foremost place in the business affairs of the city. Along financial
lines he is also president of the South Berkeley Bank.

Mr. Naylor was born in Morgan county, Ohio, August 27, 1841,
of Quaker ancestry. In the acquirement of his education he attended
the Quaker schools, finishing in the Mt. Pleasant Seminary, Ohi
where he subsequently taught for a time. Ambitious to succeed and
recognizing the value of a more thorough education, he then at-
tended the Iron City College at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, from which
he was graduated in August, 1864, and resumed teaching, joining
the staff of the normal scho(jl at Chester Hill, Ohio. In 1865 he
located in New Sharon, Iowa, where for a number of years he was
engaged in the dry-goods business, and he established in 1873 a
private bank in that city, the cashier of which was Miss Anna King,
the first woman to ever occupy such a position in the United States.
Mr. Navlor remained in New Sharon until 1878, when he sold his
interests in order to seek the larger opportunities of Des Moines.
There he assisted, in 1878, in the organization of the Capitol City
State Bank, of which he became the first president, continuing in that
capacity with highly gratifying success for ten years. Disposing of
his interests in 1888, he came to the Pacific coast, making his first
home in San Diego, California, and afterward living in various
places until in 1891, when he permanently located in Berkeley.
Here, in 1892, he became a prominent factor in the organization of
The Commercial Bank, which soon was converted into the First Na-
tional Bank, and the Berkeley Bank of Savings. In 1906 a trust
department was also established under his direction and the name of
the last mentioned bank was changed to the Berkeley Bank of Savings
and Trust Company. He held the position of cashier and manager
of these institutions until the death of the president, Mr. Shat-
tuck, when Mr. Naylor succeeded him in that office. He has ever
since discharged his important duties as chief executive of the banks,
building up two of the strongest financial institutions within the con-
fines of the state. In March, 1904, Mr. Naylor was instrumental in
organizing the South Berkeley Bank, of which he was also elected
president, having held the office ever since. To give an idea of his
wonderful ability along financial lines, which really may be termed

434 11ISTC)R^" OF AI.A.MMUA COUNTY

genius, it is but necessary to mention that the First National Bank of
Berkeley in January, 1892, had deposits amounting practically to
forty-nine thousand dollars, while at the present writing the com-
bined resources of the First National and Savings Banks amount to
over eight million dollars.

Near Marietta, Ohio, January 9, 1864, Mr. Naylor married Miss
Rebecca Smedley King, a daughter of James and Deborah (Stevens)
King. Her father passed away in that state in September, 1906, at
the remarkable age of ninety years. Mr. and Mrs. Naylor became
the parents of the following children: Flora May, who died in 1869^
at the age of three years; Frank L., vice president of the First
National Bank and the Berkeley Bank of Savings, who until enter-
ing upon his present position served as cashier of these institutions;
and Jessie, who married Elmer K. Cole of Berkeley, cashier of the
South Berkeley Bank.

Although the business duties of Mr. Naylor are very confining,
he ever finds time to e.xert his progressive spirit in the support of
worthy public enterprises. He alwavs uses his power and influence
toward promoting the good of the city, the county and the state and
many beneficial measures have succeeded by his endorsement and
through his backing.

Mr. and Mrs. Naylor were reared in the faith of the Friends
church, both having descended from an ancestry deeply imbued with
these religious beliefs for hundreds of years. John Naylor, one of
the early forebears of Mr. Naylor, was persecuted in every pos-
sible way for preaching Quakerism and even endured torture for the
sake of his Christianity. He came to America in order to escape
these prosecutions and it was he who founded the familv on the east-
ern shore of Maryland. Mrs. Naylor is equally sincere and zealous
in her religion, having been instrumental in the organizing of two
Friends churches, one in Des Moines, Iowa, and one in Berkeley.
Mr. Naylor has always been in deep sympathy with the temperance
movement, having joined the Good Templars lodge in New Sharon
in 1876, and also belonging to the State Alliance. Casting his first
vote in support of (ieiiera! (irant, he has ever since affiliated with
tlie republican party. He still regrets the fact that he was not able
to vote for Lincoln, as at tiiat time he was on his way from Ohio to
Iowa. For some years Mr. Naylor was a member of the Berkeley
library board and did valuable service in that connection, recogniz-
ing the importance of educating the general public. He is ever
.-.ctive in promoting the moral and intellectual status of the people
and has proven a powerful factor for good along those lines. For

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 435

many years he has served as Sunday school superintendent in the
Friends church and has officiated as elder of his church for a long
period.

A. S. KELLY, ^L D.

Dr. A. S. Kelly has since 1902 been engaged in the medical pro-
fession in Oakland, having won in the course of years a gratifying
practice. He is equally well known for his efforts on behalf of the
hygienic welfare of the school children, making his work particularly
effective as a member of the Oakland board of education. A native
of Ontario, Canada, Dr. Kelly was born January 15, 1879, and is of
English and Scotch parentage. His father, A. W. Kelly, was born
in England and emigrated to America, later becoming a prominent
citizen of Yolo county, California, where he located when Dr. Kelly
was a boy of fifteen years, and there he conducted a profitable mer-
cantile establishment for si.xteen years. The mother was a native of
Scotland.

Dr. Kelly spent his boyhood days within the borders of the
Dominion, journeying with his parents to Yolo county, California,
when fifteen years of age. He there remained until coming to Oak-
land in 1896, his capital upon his arrival here consisting mainly of
good health, energy and the ambition to succeed in the world. At
times he worked for his board and on Saturdays and holidays earned
the money to assist him in continuing his education. Of his own
volition he entered the high school, graduating from that institution
and supporting himself during the entire time. He also earned his
way through the Cooper Medical College of San Francisco, from
which he graduated in 1901. He began the practice of his pro-
fession in Oakland in 1902, after a year's hospital experience. Care-
ful in diagnosis, he is successful in applying the remedies a case
requires and as the years have passed has not only succeeded in
building up a gratifying patronage but has made a name for himself
among his colleagues. He is at present surgeon to the Alameda
County Hospital and is professor of operative surgery in the Oakland
Medical College. He is a member of the County Medical Society,
of which he was president in 191 1 ; the California Medical Society;
the American Medical Association; and the California Academy of
Medicine. Of a pleasing personality and sympathetic nature, Dr.
Kellv inspires that confidence in his patients which is so necessary to
obtain results and is popular on account of these ijualitics.

436 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

A public-spirited man, Dr. Kelly has always been interested
ill the general welfare and in April, 1907, was tendered the nomina-
tion on the republican ticket for member of the board of education
for the city of Oakland from his ward. He was elected by a large
majority. Ever since he has been an untiring worker for the cause
of education, having been largely responsible for the introduction
of medical inspection in the public schools by a competent physician
who devotes his entire time to the hygienic welfare of the children.
It is now the dutv of this physician to not only examine general sani-
tary conditions, but to give attention to sickly and backward children.
In 1909 and 191 1 Dr. Kelly was again nominated and elected school
director. As chairman of the high school committee he has taken a
strong stand against secret societies and clubs in the high schools, con-
sidering them a danger to the democracy and equality of schools, the
principles on which xAmerican educational institutions are founded.

He has been president of the board of education for the past two
years. Dr. Kelly, however, has not occupied himself entirely with
the ethical side of life, but takes a deep interest in the material wel-
fare of the city and trade expansion, giving an impetus to new meas-
ures undertaken in those interests as a member of the Commercial
Club. His name is also carried on the roster of the Nile and Uni-
versity Clubs. In the Masonic order he stands high and is a Shriner
and is also a popular member of the Elks. There is much to be ad-
mired in the career of Dr. Kelly, who by his own efforts has attained
the position he now occupies, and his accomplishments are the more
commendable as they have been largely consecrated to the public
welfare.

JUDGE GEORGE SMITH.

Honored and respected by all, Judge (Icorge Smith occupies an
enviable position in the regard ot his fellow citizens of San Lean-
dro and Alameda county, where he has made his home since 1867.
He was the si.xtli in order of birth in a family of seven children, his
natal day being April ;. 1S22. He comes of Holland ancestry, his
grandfather, George Schmidt, having been born in Holland in 1730.
\\'hen a boy of ten years he accompanied his parents to .America and
while serving in the I'rcneh and Indian war sustained a wound tliat
caused his death twenty-live years later. He married Katrina \'an
Alstine, and thev occupied the old stone tavern in Esopus, Xew "\'ork

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 437

which the English army, under Sir Henry Clinton, failed to destroy
when the town was burned, October 17, 1777. In that house the wife
lived for one hundred and three years and there the father of Judge
Smith was born, June 14, 1785. In 1810 he married Anna Ellis, who
was born in Dutchess county, New York, October 20, 1793, a daugh-
ter of Noah Ellis, who was born in 1763 and was of English lineage.
When sixteen years of age he volunteered for service under General
Washington and participated in the Revolutionary war to its close,
acting a part of the time as one of Washington's life guard. In 1784
he married Amelia Graham, of Highland Scotch descent. Noah
Ellis was the pioneer settler of Rensselaerville, New York, he and
his wife riding through the unbroken forest to their new home. He
died in Middletown, Delaware county, New York, in 1859. For
some time George Smith, father of the Judge, followed farming in
Delaware county, but in 1822 he returned to the old stone tavern at
Esopus. On the ist of May, 1823, the family started for Chautauqua
county, New York, arriving there thirty days later.

Judge Smith was reared and educated in his native state, attend-
ing the Fredonia Academy, from which he was graduated in 1839,
after which he took up the profession of teaching. In 1846 he be-
came a teacher at Coldwater, Michigan, and afterward became one
of the pioneer settlers at Hales Corners, Wisconsin, not far from
Milwaukee. While there he strongly supported the state constitu-
tion and urged the admission of Wisconsin into the Union. In 1848
he returned to New York and followed farming and teaching at
South Stockton. On the 24th of July, 1850, he married Eliza M.
Fenner, and they became parents of six sons and three daughters.
Mrs. Smith was the eldest daughter of C. C. Fenner, who was born
December 5. 1801, and in 1825 married Lucinda Fross, who was born
January 9, 1807, ^"^ was the eldest daughter of Rufus Fross, who
settled in Chautauqua, New York, in 18 10. C. C. Fenner, a pioneer
of South Stockton, built the first sawmill and the hrst grist mill of
that section.

On the I St of December, 1855, Judge Smith and his wife, after
having tried dairy farming in New York, removed to Michigan and
resumed teaching, which both had previously followed. In r8i;7,
however, they once more took up dairy farming at Stockton, New
York. Suffering from rheumatism, Mr. Smith was advised bv his
physician to make an overland journey to California, and on the
15th of April, 1861, left home for the far west, accompanied bv liis
brothers-in-law, P. C. and \\'allacc Fenner, and his nephew, Alonzo
Putnam. On reaching Toledo, Ohio, tliey learned that Fort Sumter

438 HISTORY OF ala:\ikl)a colxty

had been fired upon and on arriving at Chicago saw two companies
armed and equipped leaving for the front. The company with which
they were traveling soon joined with otlicrs, some from Illinois. In-
tiiana. Wisconsin and Michigan, until there were one hundred men
and nineteen women in the party. It was perhaps because of the large
number in the party that they were not attacked when crossing the
plains, for many other parties suftered as the result of the unrest
among Indians at the time of the war.

After reaching California Mr. Smith spent the winter with Sid
Griggs at Sid's Landing, Colusa county, and that fall \i)ted for
Leland Stanford, republican nominee for governor. In April, 1862,
he engaged in teaching school at Fairfield and was appointed deputy
county assessor and later deputy county clerk of Solano county.
Pleased with California and its prospects, he- sent for his wife to
join him, and she started on the ist of January, 1863, as a passenger
on the ship Ariel. In May of that year Mr. Smith was one of the
pioneers in the Washoe territory, where he engaged in teaming, and
while there voted for the second time to convert California into a
state. On the 17th of March, 1867, he and his wife took up their
permanent abode at San Leandro, where he purchased a house and
three blocks of ground from Socrates Hufi'. On this land was an
orchard of cherry and pear trees, the cherry trees being some of the
first planted in this county, and two of them are still standing and
bearing fruit.

In 1869 Mr. Smith was elected justice of the peace, the position
being an important one, for San Leandro was the capital of the
county. In 1871 he was re-elected, but at the ne.xt term, the courts
having been removed to Oakland, he did not seek the position. In
(872 San Leandro was incorporated and he was elected police judge,
filling the position for four years. Twice he has been elected one of
the five trustees of San Leandro and has taken an active and helpful
interest in promoting the progress and upbuilding of the place.

Neither the Judge nor his wife ever joined a religious organiza-
tion, yet were active in the work of the Presbyterian church, which
they attended, and several times he served as a trustee of the church.
He was also elected and served for seven years as superintendent of
the Sunday school and did much to further the growth and promote
the progress of the church. He also ser\ed for three terms of tliree
years each as trustee of the schools in San Leandro. On the 24th of
|ulv, 1900, he and his wife celebrated their golden wedding, enter-
taining one hundred guests. Their home. Rose Cottage, was deco-
rated in exquisite and tasteful style, all in the color of gold, and re-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 439

freshments were served in a vine-covered arbor near the house. It
was a happy occasion, not only for the judge and his wife, but for all
who were present. Judge Smith has considerable talent as a writer of
verse and on the occasion of the golden jubilee read one of his origi-
nal poems. His wife died December 14, 1906, at the age of seventy-
eight years, after they had traveled life's journey together as man
and wife for fifty-six years.

GEORGE S. MEREDITH.

A man of varied interests, forceful personality and effective abil-
ity, George S. Meredith is numbered today among the most able
financiers and public-spirited citizens of Oakland, where he is cashier
of the Farmers & Merchants Savings Bank and active in various
movements and projects designed to promote the permanent inter-
ests of the community. Through successive stages of progress and
advancement he has risen steadily in his chosen field of labor and
occupies today a position of distinctive prominence in banking
circles. He is a director of the bank as well as cashier and secre-
tary; has been secretary of the Oakland Clearing House Association
ever since its organization; and is a member of the executive council
of the California Bankers' Association.

Mr. Meredith was born in Sacramento, California, December 16,
1865, and is a son of one of the early pioneers of Sierra county, from
which he served as a member of the state legislature in 1865. He
later moved into Oakland. In the public schools of the latter city
George S. Meredith acquired his education and after laying aside his
text books turned his attention to the newspaper business in St. Hel-
ena, Napa county, where he remained for five years. At the end of
that time, however, he returned to Oakland and took a position in a
local bank. He entered the employ of the Farmers & Merchants Sav-
ings Bank in 1902, beginning a career which has already brought him
prominence and distinction. Soon after he became connected with
this institution he was made its cashier, a position whicii he now oc-
cupies and the duties of which he discharges in an able and con-
scientious manner. He is recognized as a far-sighted and resource-
ful financier of sound judgment and discriminating ability and since
entering the Farmers & Merchants Savings Bank has been a helpful
factor in its success.

440 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Meredith is an authority on real-estate values and his promi-
nence in this line is recognized throughout the county. He serves on
the board of appraisers for schoolhouse sites in Oakland and has
various other public and semi-public connections, his interest and
enthusiasm having rapidly carried him forward into important rela-
tions with general community life. He was at one time chairman of
the republican city central committee, is secretary and treasurer of
the Industrial Home for the Adult Blind, has been secretary of the
Oakland Clearing-House Association since its formation in 1906
and is a director and vice president of the California Mutual Invest-
ment Association.

Mr. Meredith married Miss Mary Xoyes, a native of San Fran-
cisco, who is well known in social circles of Oakland. He belongs to
the Nile Club and is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the
native Sons of the Golden West. He is at this time potentate of
Aahmes Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He is widely and favorably
known in business circles of Oakland, where his ability, industry and
integrity have gained him the respect and esteem of all with whom
he comes in contact.

FRANK W. BILGER.

Business, fraternal, social and political interests of Oakland find
a progressive and worthy representative in Frank W. Bilger, whose
interests have extended to many fields touching closely the general
development of this community. He is president, treasurer and gen-
eral manager of The Oakland Paving Company and has a record of
able and far-sighted service as president of the Chamber of Com-
merce. He has been active in the support of various progressive
public measures and his name has come to be regarded as synonymous
with development and progress in this locality.

Frank W. Bilger was born at Willow Springs, Jackson county,
Oregon, August 2, 1868, a son of William F. and Pauline (Hauser)
Bilger, both of German ancestry. His education was acquired in San
Leandro, Alameda county, where the family moved in 1874 and
where he remained until 1883, after which he spent two years work-
ing upon Iiis father's farm at Vacaville, Solano county. Tiring of
this, he secured employment in 1885 in Bowman's drug store in Oak-
land as errand boy, window washer and general handy man. During
this time he entered the department of pharmacy at the University

I

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 441

of California and was graduated in 1889 with the degree of Ph. G.
Pending his intended entrance into the Cooper Medical College, he
secured a position as collector for the Oakland Paving Company
and, becoming interested in this line of work, rose rapidly to the posi-
tion of bookkeeper. On the death of one of the owners he was elected
a member of the board of trustees and later was made secretary, treas-
urer and general manager. He is now president of the company,
which position his initiative spirit and executive ability make him
eminently well qualified to fill. In 1905 Mr. Bilger, with Anson S.
Blake, organized the Blake & Bilger Company, contractors for all
kinds of work connected with the paving business. Although he has
labored for his individual success, he is also interested in the general
business advancement of the city and for years promoted this in an
intelligent and able way as a director of the Oakland Chamber of
Commerce. During the period of his service the membership in this
body was greatly increased and his work proved so valuable that hi
1906, on the consolidation of the Chamber of Commerce with the
Board of Trade, he was made first vice president of the organization,
of which he was elected president in the following year. In his
official capacity and as a private citizen he took an active part in the
relief work following the fire of 1906 and was truly a Good Samari-
tan to those afflicted in that disaster. Mr. Bilger organized the Har-
bor Bank in 1907 and served as its first president, inagurating the
policy of progressiveness, tempered by a safe conservatism, to which
its directorate has since adhered. He is recognized in business cir-
cles as a resourceful and discriminating man, whose sagacity is far-
reaching and whose integrity is beyond question.

In Oakland, on the 19th of December, 1894, ^^r. Bilger was
united in marriage to Miss Carrie S. Siebe, a daughter of George
Siebe. for many years an official in the San Francisco customhouse.
Mr. and Mrs. Bilger have four children — Anson S., Marion A., Wil-
liam F. and Frank W., Jr.

Mr. Bilger is prominent in Masonic circles in California and was
the organizer of the Alameda County Shriners Club. He was instru-
mental in having the Imperial Council grant a charter for Aahmes
Temple, Oakland's new shrine, and in 1910 was elected first illus-
trious potentate of this temple. He is a member of the Yuerba Buena
Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; Oakland Chapter, No. 36, R. A. M.;
Oakland Commandery, K. T., and Oakland Consistory, A. & A. S. R.
He is connected with St. Philip Conclave, Red Cross of Constantine,
M. P. Sovereign.

442 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Bilger is also well known in local republican politics and
stands high in the councils of his party, his public service having been
always of the most intelligent and discriminating kind. For a period
of six years he was chairman of the city central committee and in 19(^5
he managed Mayor Mott's campaign. He was also state campaign
manager for Alden Anderson, candidate for governor in 1910, and he
has done important political wx)rk along this line. Besides the Oak-
land Chamber of Commerce he is a member of the Merchants Ex-
change, the Oakland Commercial, the University of California,
Athenian, Nile and Deutscher Clubs, the Woodmen of the World,
the Loyal Order of Moose, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks
the Union League and the Royal Rosarians of Portland. He is the
tenth member of the Society of American Magicians and also a mem-
ber of the Pacific Coast Society of Magicians and was one of the
organizers and the first secretary of the Vernon Heights and Lake
Shore Improvement Club. He also belongs to the Claremont Coun-
try Club and is fond of outdoor sports, especially hunting and fishing.
He is a member of the San Francisco Fly Casting Club, going to the
Sierra Nevada mountains and to Lodge on the Truckee river. He is
a man of varied interests, practically all of which he has made forces
in progress, and for many years the influence of his ability and per-
sonality have been a C(Mistructive element in the advancement of the
community.

GEORGE T. POMEROY, M. D.

Dr. George T. Pomcroy, who has been actively engaged in prac-
tice as a physician and surgeon of Oakland for the past seven years,
is an able and representative member of the medical profession here.
He was born in Whiteside county, Illinois, on the 8th of February,
1877. the son of a Methodist minister. At the early age of thirteen
years he began providing for his own support, going to Chicago and
there working for a time in the office of Dr. A. B. Strong. There it
was that his ambition to one day become a physician took root. In
1892 he made his way to Arizona and in that state worked with a
surveying crew. Always an omnivorous reader and deep student
and anxious to augment his knowledge, he next attended both night
school and business college in Los Angeles, California. Subsequently
he went to Valparaiso, Indiana, and there began preparatory work
in the studv of medicine. On returning to Arizona he became pay-

DR. GEORGE T. POIIEROY

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 445

master at the Commonwealth mine at Pearce. At the time of the
outbreak of the Spanish-American war he entered the government
employ, serving as quartermaster's agent for Fort Grant, Arizona,
stationed at Wilcox, that state, and also as special revenue collector
in Arizona. Subsequently he took up the study of mining and chem-
istry, mastering a correspondence course at night.

In 1902 Dr. Pomeroy came to Oakland, California, and here
entered the Oakland College of Medicine and Surgery, being the
very first student enrolled in the institution and a member of the
first graduating class in 1906. The city of Oakland his since remained
the scene of his professional labors, and the large practice accorded
him is proof of his skill and ability in the line of his chosen voca-
tion. For a year he acted as resident physician at Providence Hos-
pital. In the summer of 1913 he took a post-graduate course at Rush
Medical College of Chicago, and he has also kept in close touch
with the progress which is being continually made by the profession
through his membership in the Alameda County Medical Society,
the California State Medical Society and the American Medical
Association.

In 1906 Dr. Pomeroy was united in marriage to Miss Grace
Creasinger, of Los Angeles, California. He has taken an active part
in church and Sunday school work, being one of the officials in the
Methodist church of Oakland and an officer in the California State
Association of Sunday Schools. He is likewise the youngest member
of the board of trustees of the Young Men's Christian Association
in Oakland. His record is that of a self-made man who has won
recognition and success entirely by his own efforts and wisely directed
energy and may well serve as a source of inspiration and encourage-
ment to others.

THEODORE GIER.

One of the most prominent and widely known men in California
is Theodore Gier, founder and president of the Theodore Gier Wine
Company of Oakland. He has displayed both initiative spirit and a
genius for organization and never fearing to venture where favoring
opportunity has led the way, he has reached a commanding position
in connection with one of the most e.xtensive and important produc-
tive industries on the Pacific coast. One interest alone, however,
docs not indicate the scope of his activities, for his efforts have ex-

446 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

tended to many fields touching closely commercial, industrial and
financial interests and aside from all of these lines of endeavor in
which his labors have brought him profit, he has put forth efifective
efforts for the benefit and upbuilding of his city, county and state,
cooperating largely and generously where the welfare of the com-
munity has been involved.

Mr. Gier is a native of Peine, Hanover, Germany, and acquired
his education in the public schools of that locality. He learned
wine making in Peine and was afterward a wine salesman in various
parts of Germany. In 1881 he came to America and after spending
one year in Chicago traveled through various eastern states. In 1882
he came to California and bought a small ranch at Anaheim, vshich
he later sold, moving to Oakland, where he established himself in the
grocery business. In 1890 he became identified with the wine mak-
ing industry and in this field has since made rapid advancement to a
position of distinction and importance. In 1893 he bought a vine-
vard in Livermore, in 1898 another at Napa and in 1901 the second
vineyard at Livermore. He owns also a vineyard at St. Helena, pur-
chased in 1903. His extensive wine making interests are conducted
under the name of the Theodore Gier Wine Company which was in-
corporated a few years ago for one million dollars. This company
operates vineyards aggregating over one thousand acres and has wine
cellars capable of storing more than a million gallons at the dififerent
vineyards. The general offices, salesroom and wine cellar at Nos.
581-1^93 Eighteenth street in Oakland occupy a floor space of twenty-
six thousand four hundred square feet. The local wine cellar is one
of the most sanitary and best equipped in California. The company
makes a most complete variety of wines and disposes of about three
hundred thousand gallons every year, the Giersberger brands having
become a standard article all over the United States.

Some years ago Theodore Gier contribu^d a very interesting
essay on wine culture for "Facts and Figures," of which the follow-
ing paragraphs are extracts:

"The numerous medals that have been awarded the wines of .Ala-
meda county in competition with American as well as foreign wines,
both in America and Europe, and the flattering commendations of
connoisseurs, have established beyond a doubt the natural fitness of
both soil and climate to the production of the highest grades of wines,
especially of the Sauterne and Cabernet types. It is with pride that
we speak of the numerous medals that were awarded our wines at
the Paris Exposition in 1889, and latterly at our own Columbian
Exposition in 1893. The encouragement of our achievements has

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 447

given the industry renewed impetus and shown possibilities of greater
success than was conceived of.

"It is a sad commentary upon the American wine drinkers that
dealers at times, in order to get the higher grades upon the market,
have been compelled to sell them under foreign labels. I have known
of higher grades of Alameda county wines being sold in the New
York markets at enormous prices under foreign labels. In my opin-
ion the time is not far distant when California will supersede the
world in wines and Alameda county will be in the foreground. I
have been associated with the production of wines the greater portion
of my life and have had experience in other parts of the state, but
believe Alameda county to have superior advantages, both in soil and
climate, to most any other locality, especially in the production of
the French varieties of Sauterne and Cabernet types.

"In 1892, in company with two gentlemen from Rhode Island by
the names of Barker and Chesbro, I traveled through Germany and
Austria, visiting the leading wineries, inspecting their methods and
studying their wines with a view of acquiring such information as
might be of service in this country, and brought back much valuable
knowledge, some of which I have been able to put to practical use;
but, on account of the difference of our soil and climate, everything
must be modified to suit our conditions. In my vineyard at Liver-
more I have in bearing about two hundred twenty-five acres and am
now adding about thirty acres more.

"I have one hundred and twenty-five different varieties of grapes
in all, many of which are for experimental purposes. Among the
above varieties, from which my finer grades of wine are produced,
are Cabernet, Sauvignon, Carbernet Franc, Verdot, Petit Sirrah,
Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Petite Pinot, Petite Bouchet, Folle
Blanche, Muscatel du Bordelaise, Green Hungarian, Grand Noir
and Zinfandel. With two or three exceptions these grapes have been
imported from France with a view of producing the Sauterne and
Cabernet types, so popular among wine drinkers, and our success has
far exceeded our expectations. There are in Livermore Valley about
four thousand acres of producing vines, and the output in 1911 in
round numbers was three and one-fourth of a million gallons."

Mr. Gier married in 1886 Miss Ferdinande Hornung, a native of
Marysville, California, and they have three daughters — Grace, Elsa
and Amalie. Mr. Gier is connected fraternally with the Elks, the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the various Masonic organ-
izations, and he gives his political allegiance to the republican party.
As a public-spirited and progressive citizen he takes an intelligent

448 HISTORY OF ALA.MKDA COUNTY

and active interest in public afifairs and to iiis influence and energy
is due the promotion of some of the most important public and semi-
public enterprises in this part of California. He was one of the
founders and is a director of the Security Bank & Trust Company
of Oakland, aided in the establishment of the Merchants' Exchange,
of which he served as president for several years and of which he is
now director, and was one of the founders and still is a director in
the Oakland Chamber of Commerce. He was one of the promoters
of the Oakland Exposition in 1897 and served as vice president of
the association and was president of the board of commissioners for
Alameda county to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, at St. Louis.
In addition to this he promoted the tunnel between Alameda and
Contra Costa counties. In 1903 he was honored by Emperor VVil-
helm of Germany, being presented by an order of the crown in recog-
nition of services rendered during the Boxer war in China. Mr.
Gier is easily the leader in the wine industry in California and is a
splendid representative of the prominent manufacturer and capitalist
to whom business is but one phase of life and who does not allow it to
exclude him from active participation in the other vital interests
which make up the sum of human existence.

PHILIP E. BOWLES.

Mr. Bowles, residing in Claremont, was born at Areata, Hum-
bnldt county, California, in October, 1S59, and is a son of Joseph anil
Sarah (Harding) Bowles, who came to this state from New Orleans
and were among the early settlers of Humboldt county. In 1867 the
family moved to Santa Clara.

At the age of nineteen Philip E. Bowles entered the University
of California, from which he graduated with the scientific degree in
1882. He soon became associated in business with the late George
W. McNear in the grain and shipping business, and his experien.ces
in that enterprise covered a period of ten years. In 1893 he became
interested in the First National Bank of Oakland and not long after
was elected its president. In 1903 he organized the American
National Bank of San Francisco, of which he is still president. Mr.
B')\vles is also president of the First Trust and Savings Bank of Oak-
hind and tile First National Bank of Vallejo.

Ill 1S84 Mr. Bowles was united in marriage with Miss Marv A.
.McNear, a daughter of George W. McNear, his former partner in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 149

business. They are the parents of four children. For more than
twenty years Mr. Bowles' business activity has been confined to the
field of banking, which has precluded his indulgence in other enter-
prises. He is shrewd, diplomatic and known through the Bay Cities
as one of the foremost men of his profession.

Mr. Bowles is a man of strong physique, particularly fond of
outdoor sports of all kinds, being especially interested in the manly
sports of the Claremont Club, to which he belongs. He is also a
member of the Pacific Union and University Clubs of San Francisco
and for some time has been a member of the board of regents of the
University of California. He is a courteous, genial gentleman and a
man of sound business judgment, public-spirited and progressive,
taking an active interest in works of charity and public beneficence.
His business acumen leads him to a thorough investigation of every
proposition to which he lends his support. His work is in San Fran-
cisco as well as in Oakland and the demands of both cities receive his
attention.

JOHN RICHARD NYSTROM.

The late John Richard Nystrom was for many years numbered
among the prominent and valued citizens of Richmond, where he
was regarded as a pioneer settler, his residence there dating from the
year 1871. From that time on he was active in the real-estate busi-
ness as the developer of several subdivisions and tracts and took a
leading part in public aflfairs, lending the weight of his influence to
all projects for the advancement and growth of the communiiv.

He was a native of Finland, his birth having occurred August 24,
1848. His parents, John and Johanna (Kallis) Nystrom, died in
their native country. In their family were eight children, of whom
the subject of this review was the eldest.

John Richard Nystrom acquired his very early education under
the instruction of his mother and later entirely by his own efforts in
private study, and when he was twenty-three years of age emigrated
to America, making a permanent location in California. Previous to
this, however, he traveled over a large part of the world, visiting the
land of the Midnight Sun and then journeying far enough south to
see the Southern Cross. Having heard a great deal of the wonderful
resources and matchless climate of California, he finally decided to
locate in this state and after his arrival was first employed in boating

450 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

on the bay. He had been a sailor before the mast and in his new
work took charge of the vessel of his late captain, for whom he car-
ried on a general freighting business for a period of nine years. In
the meantime he had purchased seventy acres of land in Richmond
and after retiring from boating he operated this until 1903, when he
subdivided the property and sold it for building lots, retaining a part
for his own home. Ail of the land is within the corporate limits of
Richmond and is now fully ticvclnpcd and on it many houses are
built. In addition to this Mr. Nystrom had an interest in seven other
subdivisions in Richmond and did some important work in the line
of land development. He was a member of the Richmond Industrial
Commission and a director in the Mechanics Bank of Richmond.

In 1881 Mr. Nystrom married Miss Mary Griffins, a daughter of
Owen and Kate (Evans) Griffins, both of whom have passed away.
Mr. and Mrs. Nystrom became the parents of eleven children —
Alfred John, Edwin, Mary E., Mabel, Alice, William, Louise,
Hazel, Edna, Raymond and Richard. The last named has passed
away.

Mr. Nvstrom was a member of the Masonic fraternity, having be-
come a Royal Arch Mason at Berkeley and a Knight Templar at Oak-
land. He was a trustee in the Presbyterian church of Richmond and
gave his political allegiance to the republican party, having served for
fifteen years as school director and for a long period as a member of
the citv council. He was an intelligent, active and progressive citizen
and in all official or personal relations held the esteem and confidence
of those who were associated with him. On December 24, 19 13, Mr.
Nvstrom passed away, after many years of usefulness in a community
where he will long be remembered as an able, honest and kindly
gentleman.

HON. WILLIAM H. DONAHUE.

One of the leading members of the Alameda County bar and a
man who has demonstrated his knowledge, understanding and ability
in various public positions along lines of his profession is Hon. Wil-
liam H. Donahue, who, following a period of able service as district
attorney, was in January, 1913. elected judge of the superior court.
He is a native son of California, born in Mission San Jose, February
13, 1870. In the acquirement of an education he attended various
public schools in Alameda county and afterward entered Washing-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 451

on College, graduating with the class of 1891. Following this he
turned his attention to teaching, becoming identified with the faculty
of Hopkins Academy, in Oakland, and later serving as principal of
the Pleasanton schools. He resigned the latter position in order to
take up the study of law under private tuition, he and Superior Judge
Harris pursuing their studies together. In 1900 the well-remem-
bered law firm of Harris & Donahue was established and the partner-
ship proved a success in every particular, the firm becoming con-
nected with a great deal of important litigation.

Judge Donahue began his public career September 29, 1908,
when he was appointed by the board of supervisors district attorney
of Alameda county. His work in office for the first two years was of
such a satisfactory sort that in the election of 1910 he had no opponent
and was nominated by the democrats and republicans together, win-
ning election without opposition and having over twenty-five thou-
sand votes clear majority. He made an enviable record in the office
of district attorney, handling a great many important criminal and
civil cases with exceptional skill and ability. Prominent among these
was the Delancy case, which won for him a state-wide reputation.
The crime with which he connected Delancy was committed while
the latter was acting as attorney for Public Administrator Gray. It
consisted of the embezzlement of ten thousand dollars from the Hite
Cook estate, which, together with other irregularities, was unearthed
by Mr. Donahue after the discovery of the forgery of the name of
undertaker, E. J. Finney, to a claim against the estate of the late A. L.
Pounstone, a Grand Army veteran who died in the county infirmary
and whose body was interred in the potter's field. There were eight
indictments against Delancy for alleged crimes committed as attorney
for the public administrator. This case was fought in the courts for
weeks, and Mr. Donahue, after a skillful examination of all wit-
nesses, bringing out the most damaging evidence, finished the case
with a masterly address to the jury which, though convincing to the
last degree, was free from malice or vindictiveness and he secured a
conviction for the people. Another case in which Mr. Donahue did
able and intelligent work was the recent Dalton bribery case, well
known to everyone in this part of the country. Upon its completion
Judge Brown established a precedent in Alameda county by com-
mending the district attorney from the bench, as well as Assistant Dis-
trict Attorney Hyncs and the members of the grand jury. Judge Don-
ahue's record in ofiicc may well set a new standard of efficiency for all
future district attorneys to follow. His administration came to a
close in January, 1913, when, on tiie retirement of Superior Judge

452 HISTORY OF ALAMF.DA COUNTY

John Ellsworth, he was elected as his successor for a term of six years.
His work on the bench has been distinguished by his unusual disin-
terested, capable and intelligent work and his decisions have been at
all times impartial and based upon the principles of equity.

Judge Donahue for a number of years before going on the
bench was vice president of the California Bar Association and in
1913 and 1914 was elected by the bar of California as its representa-
tive to the American Bar Association meeting's.

W. K. COLE.

W. K. Cole is one of the leading bankers of Alameda county, con-
trolling the Berkeley National Bank, its affiliated institution, the
University Savings Bank, and a number of banks through northern
California. He is a native of Indiana, but he spent his early manhood
in New York citv, where he engaged in business until 1889, ^vhen he
came to California, locating in Martinez, Contra Costa county.
There in 1892 he married the daughter of B. Fernandez, a repre-
sentative of one of the old pioneer familes of California. In 1899
Mr. Cole removed to San Francisco, where for eight years he held
the position of cashier of the United States mint. This responsible
office he resigned in 1906 in order to turn his attention to banking,
becoming associated with the Anglo-California Bank, Limited, of
San Francisco, as manager of the Mission branch of that bank. He
later organized the Anglo-California Trust Company and held the
position of vice president and manager until 191 2, when he sold his
interest in that bank to the Fleishhackers in order to give his entire
attention to his banks throughout California. The institutions which
are now under his control are the Berkeley National Bank and the
University Savings Bank, both of Berkeley, with a combined capital
and surplus of four hundred and fifty thousand dollars; the Vallejo
Commercial Bank, with capital, surplus and undivided profits of one
hundred and seventy thousand dollars; the Bank of Richmond, with
capital, surplus and undivided profits of si.xty-five thousand dollars,
and the San Ramon Valley Bank, at Walnut Creek, whose capital,
surplus and undivided profits amount to ninety-three thousand dol-
lars. Mr. Cole has also control of the branch of this latter organiza-
tion at Danville, and also owns the controlling interest in the Bank of
Concord. He is a director of the First National Bank of Martinez

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 453

an institution which he founded, and he also holds a place on the
directorate of the Bank of Pinole, with its branch at Crockett.

To the two institutions at Berkeley Mr. Cole is devoting most
of his energies, but in doing so he is not neglecting the interests of the
other banks. The Berkeley banks in his list have been growing stead-
ily, but, with the direct management of a man so energetic as their
president, they are e.xpected to expand still more rapidly. The most
recent statement of these institutions shows that with a combined
capital of three hundred and fifty thousand dollars the two Berkeley
banks have surplus and undivided profits amounting to one hundred
and twenty-six thousand five hundred dollars and deposits totaling
one million two hundred and eighty-five thousand dollars. The
statement shown on this page shows a splendid year of progress
in these two banks, the combined assets having increased one
hundred and twenty-six thousand nine hundred dollars in one
year. The total resources of the two banks have now reached
the two million dollar mark. The Vallejo Commercial Bank, at
Vallejo, California, in its statement shows a capital, surplus and
undivided profits amounting to one hundred and seventy thousand
dollars, which is also a good increase over the same time of last year.
At Walnut Creek the San Ramon Valley Bank is known as one of
the most prosperous of the interior banks of California. It was
started as a private bank in 1906, and in June, 1907, through the
efforts of its organizer, Joseph L. Silveira, and W. K. Cole, it was
incorporated with a capital of twenty-five thousand dollars. This
capital has since been trebled and strong gains in business have been
made. The opening of the valley by the new electric line through
the tunnel from Oakland has brought greatly increased business, and
the future of this bank and its two lusty branches is of the brightest.
Ten years ago, when Richmond was in its infancy and only the far-
seeing business man was impressed with its possibilities as a manu-
facturing center, the Bank of Richmond was started by W. R. Star-
lev, and even though his friends tried to dissuade him with the state-
ment that he could never make a prosperous bank there, he felt that
his judgment was correct. He started the bank with a capital of
thirtv thousand dollars, and now the bank has grown to such an extent
that its capital has been increased to one hundred thousand dollars
and is doing a business that is surprising even to the most optimistic.
It has done a business that has enabled it to pay dividends to its stock-
holders amounting to more than its capital. That the bank has at-
tracted attention is evidenced by the fact that it has taken on new life
through new blood, and the business methods that are strictly up-to-

454 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

date have kept pace with the phenomenal growth of the citv of Rich-
mond. All these banks are now so closely allied in their interests
that they have become a strong chain of finance around the thriving
manufacturing and agricultural district which lies to the north of
San Francisco, touching on the shores of the bay. These institutions
are destined to play a large part in the progress and upbuilding of
the communities which they represent, and, with a central mind that
looks to the general good of the communities as well as to the banks,
California may look for rapid development in that part of the com-
monwealth.

HON. MORTIMER SMITH.

Hon. Mortimer Smith, judge of the police court of Oakland, adds
to his comprehensive knowledge of the law in the performance of his
judicial duties a thorough familiarity with the forces and conditions
which foster crime. He has made an extensive study of the many
social evils that come under his notice and has in this way founded
upon experience and knowledge a practically invaluable work of
public service.

Pennsylvania numbers him among her native sons, his birth hav-
ing occurred in V'enango county, that state, June 9, 1872. His par-
ents came west in 1876, taking up their residence in Oakland, where
Judge Smith has remained continuously since that time. He acquired
his preliminary education in the public schools of this city and after
he had decided upon a legal career began the study of law in the office
of his father, James Hume Smith, one of Oakland's foremost attor-
neys. He showed a strong natural aptitude for the profession and
passed a creditable examination, being admitted to tlie bar .August
7. 1894.

As a general practitioner he handled a number of important
cases with exceptional skill, and it was his high rating as a rising
young lawvcr which led to his being offered the nomination on the
republican ticket for the otlke of judge of the police court, to which
he was elected in 1898, at the age of twenty-six, and in which he has
served by re-election since that time. He is probably the youngest
man who was ever entrusted with the duties of this responsible posi-
tion, and during the period of his service he has discharged these
duties in an unusually intelligent and far-sighted manner, making a
special study of criminal law and of the conditions which foster the

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 455

evils which every day come to his notice. He fully appreciates the
fact that our present social evils present a problem which has not yet
been solved by the leading minds of the country, but in his adminis-
tration of justice and in his bench decisions he has conscientiously
sought to give every one a square deal and absolute justice according
to the law.

Judge Smith is well known in fraternal circles, being past presi-
dent of Oakland xA.erie, No. 7, F. O. E. ; past master of Oak Leaf
Lodge, No. 35, A. O. U. W. ; a member of Oakland Camp, No. 94,
W. O. W. ; Bay View Lodge, No. 401, A. F. & A. M. ; Oakland Con-
sistory, No. 2, Scottish Rite of Free Masonry; Aahmes Temple of the
Mystic Shrine; Oakland Pyramid, No. 2, A. E. O. S. ; Oakland
Lodge, No. 171, B. P. O. E., and No. 324, Loyal Order of Moose.
He also holds membership in the Nile Club. He is a representative
and valued citizen of Oakland and is without doubt one of the most
popular and able men connected with the municipal government.

JOHN W. BANKHEAD.

John W. Bankhead is a successful business man of Oakland, being
engaged in contracting. He was born in St. Louis, Sierra county,
California, March 9, 1857, and is a son of Malcolm and Jane
(Brown) Bankhead. The father was born in Glasgow, Scotland, in
1823 and educated there. Coming to America in his early manhood,
he settled in Cape Breton, where he remained for a year, and then
removed to Boston, Massachusetts, where he completed his appren-
ticeship at the blacksmith's trade, continuing in that city for two
years. At the end of that time he went to Maryland, working as a
blacksmith for one year, and then went to West Virginia, in which
state he resided until 1850. In that year he took up his residence in
Missouri, where he followed the blacksmith's trade for one year, and
then came to California, settling in Sierra county. There he mined
until 1857, and from that year until 1863 followed the same occupa-
tion in Janesville, California, coming at the end of that time to Oak-
land and working as a machinist until 1865. He then turned his
attention to the furniture business, and also acted as an auctioneer,
being the first to take up that line of work in Oakland. He partici-
pated in the commercial and business life of his city until his death,
in 1875. Politically he was a republican and fraternally a member of
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while he also belonged to the

456 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

St. Andrew and Caledonian Clubs. His marriage to Miss Jane
Brown took place in Maryland, and to them were born ten children.

John W. Bankhead attended the public and high schools until
fifteen years of age and then went to Virginia City, where he mined
for two years. At the end of that time he went to Oakland with his
father and for two years worked in association with him in business.
Subsequent to that time he engaged in house moving and contracting,
but in 1889 turned his attention to well boring, although he continued
as a contractor. He is now engaged in well boring exclusively and
is very successful, deriving a gratifying income from his occupation.
For a quarter of a century he has now been engaged in this business
and has put in the majority of the deep wells, soundings and elevator
holes, of all of which he keeps correct data, to show the dififerent
strata passed through.

He bored the well of the Oakland Gas, Light & Heat Company,
which is a sixteen inch well and produces between four hundred and
fifty and seven hundred gallons per minute. He bored a twelve-inch
well for the California Door Company — one of the best wells in Oak-
land— producing four thousand and eighty gallons an hour. He also
put in several wells for the Pacific States Refineries, each between
two hundred and three hundred feet deep and producing from three
hundred to seven hundred gallons a minute. He bored a sixteen-inch
well for the Young Men's Christian Association, which is two hun-
dred and seventy-four feet deep; also a sixteen-inch well at the Prov-
idence Hospital, which supplies the hospital plentifully with pure,
fresh, cold water. At the new home of the Little Sisters of the Poor,
on East Fourteenth street, he bored a large well to a depth of three
hundred feet, producing between three and four thousand gallons
an iiour. He put in a well for Jake Pantosky at the free market that
is two hundred and ninety feet deep, and in this he passed through
the most remarkable strata of gravel that he has encountered in any
of the Oakland wells. This well supplies the free market as well as
the surrounding property. Mr. Bankhead has also put down most
of the large wells for the various laundries in Oakland. The Excel-
sior has a sixteen-inch well, which gives it ten thousand gallons an
hour and is almost four hundred feet deep; the Crystal Laundry has
a well two hundred and thirty feet in dcprh, producing between seven
and ten thousand gallons an hour, and tiic Vosemite Laundry has a
sixteen-inch well almost two hundred feet deep. The largest hand-
bored well in the citv of Oakland is at Tenth and Webster streets,
which Mr. Bankhead put down for .Mr. iutt. it is only twenty-
four inches in diameter and eighty-four feet in depth and supplies

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 457

about twenty-four flats. He also put down two large wells in the
new Kahn store and one large, deep well in the handsome new build-
ing of the First Trust & Savings Bank at Sixteenth and San Pablo
streets. Another remarkable well put down by Mr. Bankhead is that
of the Yosemite Bottling Company at First and Myrtle streets and a
centrifugal pump is used, which is quite unusual.

For most of the large buildings, subways, etc., he has put in sound-
ings and elevator holes, having just finished the elevator hole for the
Campanile at the University of California. He also put in the sound-
ings for the main steel bridge of the Northwestern Pacific and all of
the elevator holes for the Von Emon Elevator Company that have
been sunk in Oakland. He is trustworthy and always to be relied
upon to fulfill any contract to the letter and, therefore, enjoys a high
reputation which has secured him many important deals.

On October 19, 1878, Mr. Bankhead married Miss Carrie Ann
Moskiman, the ceremony taking place in Oakland. To them were
born five children: Mrs. F. W. Wetmore, of Oakland; Mathew B.,
who is an iron molder and a member of the Masonic lodge; Robert
O., who is also an iron molder and a member of the Masonic lodge
and the Native Sons; Minnie, a graduate of the high school; and
Harold, who is attending the public schools.

Politically Mr. Bankhead is a republican, but he has never been
active along party lines. He is interested in the growth of the city
and ever ready to bear his share in promoting advancement and de-
velopment. He was the first grand treasurer of the Native Sons of
California, holds a life membership in the Caledonian Club, which
he won by excelling in athletics, and also belongs to the Rotary Club.
He has many friends in these organizations and among the business
men of the city and is trusted bv all because of his high principles.

WALTER J. MATHEWS.

Walter J. Mathews is one of the foremost architects of Oakland,
iiaving drawn plans for some of the handsomest structures of that
city. His reputation is of the highest and evidences of his skill and
taste can be found on every haml. He was born in Markesan, Wis-
consin, in May, 1850, and is a son of Julius C. and Pauline H. (Mc-
Cracken) Mathews. The father was born in New York and edu-
cated in South Bend, Indiana, where he remained until 1847. He
tiien went to Markesan, Wisconsin, wiiere he engaged in the mer-

458 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

cantile business, and in 1852 removed to San Francisco, where he
continued along the same line until 1854, when he sold out and re-
turned to Markesan, there continuing in merchandising until 1S62.
His family removed from Markesan to Oakland in 1866 and the
father subsequently gave his attention to architectural work, becom-
ing quite prominent in that profession. He retired from active
labor in 1896 and died in Oakland in May, 191 1. His marriage to
Miss Pauline McCracken was celebrated in Markesan, Wisconsin,
and to them were born nine children, of whom four are living as
follows: Walter J., of this review; Frank Arthur, an artist of San
Francisco; Edgar, an architect of San Francisco; and Caroline, of
Oakland.

Walter J. Mathews attended the public schools at Markesan until
1866, when he removed to Oakland, where he pursued his public-
school studies until 1868. Deciding upon the profession of architect,
he went to Los Angeles and allied himself with Mr. Kysor, the firm
name being Kysor & Mathews. He remained in that city until 1877
and then returned to Oakland, becoming a partner of his father,
which association was maintained until 1886, when he established
business independently. He has been most successful in his profes-
sion and has achieved a reputation which places him high among his
associates.

He combines intuitively artistic taste with utility and has drawn
plans for a number of buildings which combined both of these quali-
ties admirably. He has made the drawings for the Union Bank of
Savings, the Central National Bank, the Bacon building, the Blake
and Moffitt building, the Crellin Hotel and the M. K. Blake estate
block, and was consulting architect for the Oakland Hotel. He was
the architect for the Immigration Station at Angel Island, the San
Luis Obispo and the Mono Hotels at San Luis Obispo, the Redondo
Beach Hotel at Redondo, California, the Old Cathedral on Main
Street, Los Angeles, the Methodist Church, Los Angeles, and the
Orpheum Theatre, Elks Club, Athenian Club, the Key Route pier
and the Unitarian and St. John's churches of Oakland. He is now
general superintendent of the Oakland Auditorium under construc-
tion. 'Hie residences of which he has had the building are of no
less importance, including the beautiful Soule home, the William
Pierce Johnson home at Monte Vista, the Goodell and Bailey resi-
dences on Jackson street, the A. A. Moore house and the F. AL Smith
mansion. His labors have not been confined to this side of the bay,
however, for credit is due him for full\ forty of the most palatial
homes of San Francisco. It is estimated that it all the structures of
which Mr. ALathews has made plans or with the building of which

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 459

he has been associated were placed in a row they would extend four
miles.

On the 24th of December, 1879, Mr. Mathews was married in
Oakland to Miss Viola Gates Strawbridge, and they have two chil-
dren: Pauline, who attended Mills College and is now the wife of
Earl B. Henley, a graduate of Purdue College, Indiana; and Joseph-
ine Hope, who was graduated from the University of California and
is now the wife of Elliott Johnsone, of East Oakland, also a graduate
of the University of California.

Mr. Mathews is a democrat, loyally supporting the party, but has
never aspired to political office. He is the oldest practicing architect
in the San Francisco Chapter of the American Institute of Architects,
and fraternally belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.
He holds membership in the Oakland Chamber of Commerce and
the Oakland Commercial Club, allying himself in these connections
with men who have done much toward attracting new commercial
and manufacturing enterprises to the city and promoting its trade
interests and its commercial importance. Along more social lines he
is a member of the Claremont Country Club, the Athenian Club and
the Home Club. He has always taken a deep interest in charitable
institutions and was formerly vice president of the California insti-
tute for the deaf, dumb and blind. He is ever ready to extend a help-
ing hand to those in need and largely gives his support to movements
which are undertaken in order to better humanity. His recreation is
fishing and he is a lover of the out-of-doors, seeking in the com-
munion with nature that recuperation which renews his vital energy
and again prepares him for taking up his arduous duties.

BENJA^^N PEARSON.

To Benjamin Pearson belongs the title of self-made man, for,
starting out in life without experience or resources, he has through
his own energy and initiative risen to be one of the leading business
men of Berkeley, where since 1903 he has been well known as a con-
tractor and builder. He was born in Sweden, March 24, 1866, and
reared upon a farm in his native country. In 1884 he came to the
United States, settling in De Kalb county, Illinois, where for two
years he worked at agricultural pursuits in the employ of others. At
the end of that time he removed to Chicago and was connected with
a railroad company there until iSSS, when he came to California.

460 HISTORY OF AT.AMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Pearson settled in Oakland, where he secured a position as
driver of a milk wagon. Later he learned the carpenter's trade,
working as journeyman for the California Sash & Door Company of
Oakland. On resigning this position he came to Berkeley and worked
at his trade until 1903, when he formed a partnership with Nels Ole-
son in the contracting business. This association was dissolved after
two years and since that time Mr. Pearson has engaged in business
for himself, his large and growing clientage being the best proof of
his success. He has erected a great many business buildings and pri-
vate residences, his work in Berkeley including the Rex Theater, the
two Morgan blocks, the Fitzpatrick and Ramsey residences and the
beautiful homes belonging to Mr. Stillman and Mr. Bonicott in
Piedmont avenue. He also erected the residence belonging to Mrs.
Morgan on College avenue, those of Miss Sheperd and Mrs. Kerr on
Hillside avenue, George Friend's home, and flats for Captain Siebe
at Shellmond Park. In Oakland Mr. Pearson built the warehouse
for the Paraffine Paint Company, flats for Mrs. Walsh and a modern
residence for Stuart Hawley. He has done a great deal of important
construction work in Piedmont also, having there erected residences
for Frank Kelly and John F. Conners. In addition to this he has
erected in Berkeley a factory for the American Photo Players Com-
pany and residences for S. J. Sill, Bruce Cornwall, Mrs. P. B. Corn-
wall, John G. Howard and Charles Fischel.

In 1891 Mr. Pearson married Miss Annie S. Peterson and they
have become the parents of two children, Agnes S. and Elmer B.
Mr. Pearson is a member of the Swedish Benevolent Society and be-
longs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen
of the World. He deserves great credit for what he has accom-
plished in a business way, for he started out in life empty-handed and
through his own energy and perseverance has worked his way up-
ward to success.

JAMKS BESTOR MERRITT.

James Bestor Merritt, one of the most highly esteemed and de-
servedly respected citizens of Oakland, is living retired in his beau-
tiful home at 1400 Jackson street, after many years of prominent and
successful identification with important industrial interests here as
one of the early developers and upbuilders of the large manufactur-
ing business controlled hy the Coast Supply & Manufacturing Com-

ilK. A.NU iIK«. JAMES B. MERRITT

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 46;j

paiiy. The business was established in Connecticut in 1836, and the
Ensign-Bicktord Company, as it was later known, was started in
Ahimeda county in 1868 by the same men who were behind the
Connecticut concern, but the California company was a separate or-
ganization. The plant was built in Oakland by L. S. Ellsworth, a
brother-in-law of the subject of this review, and it manufactured
blasting fuse.

Mr. Merritt is a native of Alabama, born in Spring Hill, Marengo
county, on the 31st of December, 1839, his parents being James B.
and Sarah Goodwin (Humphrey) Merritt, both of whom were
school teachers. They were natives of Connecticut, descended from
old families of that state, and there were three of the ancestors who
took part in the Revolutionary conflict. The parents of our subject
went to Alabama after their marriage. The father passed away a
few days before the birth of his son, his funeral occurring on the 30th
of December, 1839. The mother returned to Connecticut and made
her home there until her death, with the exception of a visit which
she made to Alabama, making the journey by wagon.

James B. Merritt acquired his early education in the public
schools of New England and afterward entered Wilbraham Acad-
emy, studying there in 1853 ''^'"'d 1854 and preparing himself for
Amherst College, where he afterward became a student. When he
was but eighteen years of age he went as a pioneer to Illinois, which
was then the western frontier, joining an uncle who resided near
Quincy, and engaged in teaching in Adams county. He divided his
time between that occupation and general farming and had many
of the usual experiences of the pioneer. In 1864 he returned to the
east and in Simsbury, Connecticut, operated a grist and sawmill for
one vear, developing during that time a fine business. Disposing of
this, he returned to Illinois and, purchasing a quarter section of land
eighteen miles from Quincy, he set to work to clear it of the timber
which was still standing and this done engaged in farming until 1871.

In that vear Mr. Merritt rented his farm in Illinois and pushed
westward to California, arriving on the 26th of October in what is
now Oakland, where he took up his abode in the house in which he
resided for thirty years thereafter. Soon after coming here he
entered the plant for the manufacture of fuse for blasting purposes
and this with many alterations and improvements is in operation at
the present writing although it is now at Livermore, where it was
moved recently. Mr. Merritt held this connection for thirty years,
until his retirement in 190T, and although the concern underwent
manv changes during that period he remained always the leading

464 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

figure in its operation. For a number of years the factory was oper-
ated by Toy, Bickford & Company and upon the death of Mr. Toy,
in 1887, the name was changed to Ensign-Bickford & Company.
Mr. Merritt remained active manager of the concern which his initia-
tive spirit had built up until the year his son, Albert H. Merritt,
succeeded to the position, incorporating the business under the name
ol the Coast Manufacturing & Supply Company. This is an ofif-
shoot of the Bickford, Smith & Davy Company, established in Eng-
land, where a factory is still maintained. The first American branch
was organized in Connecticut and later the California company came
into existence. For twenty years Mr. Merritt sold the output of
four plants in the United States but in 1899 the agreement providing
for this terminated. He has considerable mechanical genius and
invented many machines used in fuse making, including a machine
for the measurement of the size of the fuse. After his retirement he
spent two years in travel in Europe, Africa and Asia and soon after
returning designed and built the home at 1400 Jackson street, where
he now resides.

On the 26th of May, 1863, in Illinois, Mr. Merritt was united in
marriage to Miss Catharine E. Cormeny, a native of Pennsylvania
and a daughter of George W. Cormeny. Their fiftieth wedding
anniversary was celebrated on the 26th of May, 1913, by a reception
and entertainment at the Home Club of Oakland. Three hundred
guests congratulated the happy couple on this occasion, Mr. and
Mrs. Merritt being assisted in receiving bv their five children, as
follows: Sarah T., the wife of Edward C. Robinson, a prominent
attorney of Oakland; Albert H., manager of the Coast Manufactur-
ing & Supply Company; Mary Williston, the wife of Charles H.
Cowell, who is connected with the gas company of Oakland ; Gertrude
E., who married Claude M. Gardiner, in the employ of the Southern
Pacific Railroad Company; and Augusta A., the wife of Thomas
W. Norris, treasurer of the Coast Manufacturing & Supply
Company.

Mr. Merritt is especially prominent and active in the affairs of
the Masonic fraternity, which he joined January 22, 1866, in Tarilif-
ville, Connecticut, becoming at that time a member of St. Mark's
Lodge, No. 36, A. F. & A. M. He is now connected with the lodge,
chapter and commandery at Oakland and has been through all the
chairs of the subordinate lodge and many of the chairs of the three
grand lodges. He is grand master of the grand council and past
grand patron of the Eastern Star. He belongs also to the Scottish
Rite and the thirtv-third degree in Masonry was conferred upon him

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 465

January i6, 1887. The new Masonic Scottish Rite cathedral, which
was built in 1908, was designed by Mr. Merritt, who had the super-
vision of its erection. It is a magnificent building with large and
beautiful rooms and its systems of ventilation and water supply are
of the best. The water comes from a well sunk three hundred and
thirty-five feet in the earth. A fine bust of Mr. Merritt, the work of
Gertrude Kanno, occupies a prominent place in the temple. Mrs.
Merritt is prominent in the Order of the Eastern Star and has served
as associate matron. In 191 2 Mr. and Mrs. Merritt traveled through
Cuba, Newfoundland and many other places and visited at that time
seven grand chapters besides various other Masonic bodies.

He has always been active in politics and, representing the repub-
lican party, has held many important positions of trust and responsi-
bility. While a resident of Illinois he served as school trustee, as a
member of the district school board and as justice of the peace, and
this latter office he held in Oakland from 1873 to 1879. For twenty-
seven years, from 1873 to 1900, he served as a member of the election
board, his son succeeding him for several years on his retirement.
As one of the early settlers in Oakland Mr. Merritt has many inter-
esting recollections of the early days and can remember when he
knew personally and could call bv name every one of the three hun-
dred and forty-three voters who in 1876 resided in the section be-
tween the city limits and San Leandro bridge. During the long
period which has elapsed since that time he has never been found
remiss in the duties of citizenship or unfaithful to any tie or obliga-
tion of life and he can still be depended upon to further any move-
ment brought forward for the advancement of the general welfare.

WILLIAM PTNKNEY TOLER.

The historv of California would be incomplete and unsatisfactory
were there failure to make prominent reference to William Pinkney
Toler, who was connected with one of tlie notable events that figure
in the annals of the state — when Old Glory was first flung to the
breezes at Monterey. He was a native of Caracas, Venezuela, born
on the 23d of December, [826, at which time his father. Hopeful
Toler, was serving as American consul in Lajara. He was a native
of Virginia and fought in the war with England in 1812. The an-
cestors came originally from England. When a young man Hopeful
Toler went on business to Venezuela, where he was married to a

466 HISTORY OI- AI..\.MI:DA COUNTY

Spanish lady of tliat country. Two children were born unto them,
\\'illiani P. and a sister, who became the wife of Judge L. \V. Hast-
ings, a California pioneer, who figures prominently in the early his-
torv of this state. During the period of the family's residence in
Venezuela the father of William P. Toler was engaged in commer-
cial pursuits for man\ vears. His mother died when he was only
about three years of age. Subsequently the father returned to his
native state and was afterward appointed United States consul to
Porto Rico in the \\'est Indies, where he remained for many years.
At a later date he returned to V^irginia and subsequently went to
Washington, where he became connected with the diplomatic corps.
It was under these circumstances and in the capital of the nation that
William P. Toler was educated. As he advanced toward young
manhood he became a clerk in the office of Attorney General John
J. Crittenden, who was filling that position during the presidency of
William Henry Harrison, who died shortly after his induction into
that office, however, and was succeeded by John J. Tyler of Virginia.
William P. Toler, however, had no idea of becoming a lawyer,
for he preferred at that time "a life on the ocean wave" and decided
to accept an appointment as midshipman in the I'nited States navy
from Virginia, as that was his father's native state. .Much to his dis-
appointment, however, the N'irginia quota allowed to the congres-
sional district was full. At tiiat crisis he sought advice from his
father, who recommended him to call upon Henry Clay. Kentucky's
greatest statesman, and see what he could do for him in the emer-
gency. Clay replied: "Young man, your father is a Virginian and
so am 1 by birth, but I am now a Kentuckian, and, as we have no salt
water excepting for deer licks and no place for naval operations and
nobody just now from Kentucky who wants to go to sea. 1 will make
a Kentuckian of you by adoption and send you to sea." Thus Mr.
Toler secured his appointment as midshipman in the navy from Ken-
tucky in 1 841, when but fourteen years of age. During that year,
throughout the country, there were two hundred and fifty midship-
men appointed to the liiited States navy when there was no naval
academy, something that had never occurred before in the history of
the countrv. William P. Toler was a fluent speaker and a writer of
his native Spanish language, and at the request of Commodore
Thomas Ap Catesby Jones was assigned and appointed aid-dc-camp
on his itafi in 1841 and accompanied him to the Pacific station, which
brings us direct to California history.

At Callao, Peru, Commodore Jones received information from
the American Minister, Hon. Mr. Pickett, at Lima, and, believing

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 467

from the secret orders received that he had full authority to act, he
sailed direct to Monterey, California, upon learning that war had
broken out between the United States and Mexico, with the purpose
of taking possession of the country. He arrived at Monterey on the
i(Sth of October, 1842, in the frigate United States, which was his
flagship, accompanied by the sloop-of-war Cyane, Captain String-
ham in command. He at once sent a demand to Captain Silva, the
commandant, to surrender, which demand was complied with. Then
the Mexican flag was hauled down and the American flag was raised
on the next day, October, 19, 1842, in which act Midshipman Toler,
as aid-de-camp, hauled the stars and stripes to position in connection
with the quartermaster. With him was a Mr. Larraintree, secretary
of Commodore Jones. They had been ordered to search the office of
the collector of customs in the old customs house at Monterey, but at
first succeeded in finding no records of any value, as they had been
carried away. After looking around Toler espied in the corner a
dirty bundle of papers, which he dusted, and to his surprise found
they had never been opened. He concluded to open the package and
discovered some of the very latest news regarding the condition of
affairs between the two countries and learned that Commodore Jones
had been altogether too hasty in his conclusions and actions. Mr.
Toler than placed the papers in the commodore's hands and upon
examination thereof Commodore Jones, much to his mortification,
had to recognize the fact that he had been over hasty in the matter.
Accordingly, he sent Mr. Toler ashore on the 21st and he hauled
down the American flag and hoisted the Mexican flag, which was
saluted with twenty-one guns. Commodore Jones immediately sent
word overland to Governor General Micheltorena at Los Angeles
and the whole matter was to be referred to their respective govern-
ments. He set sail for San Pedro and upon arrival there went to
Los Angeles, where he held a personal interview with Governor Gen-
eral Micheltorena, which concluded with festivities and a grand ball
and entertainment, held in honor of the commodore and the other
United States naval oflicers. Commodore Jones was recalled by the
navy department on January 24, 1843, and Commodore A. J. Dallas
appointed to succeed him. The retiring commodore took his departure
for the United States, leaving Mr. Toler at the Pacific station. Mr.
Toler retired from the navy in 1848. He remained in continuous
connection with the Pacific coast and iiis name became prominent on
various pages of California's history. He was assistant to the alcalde
of San Francisco in 1850. He retired from active business in 1870.

468 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

On the 19th of October, 1853, Mr. Toler was married to Maria
AiHoiiia Peralta, daughter of Ygnacio Peralta, the wedding being
celebrated in the family home of her father near San Leandro. Thev
became parents of one son, J. Hoyt Toler. Mr. Toler was made a
life member of the California Pioneers and always took an active
part in that society. Among the picturesque figures whose life rec-
ords adorn the history of California William Pinkney Toler was
notable, not only from the fact that he raised the first American flag
at Monterey but because of his activity and prominence in other con-
nections. Fifty years after he unfurled the stars and stripes to the
breezes of Monterev, on tiie 7th of Julv, 1846, he again participated
in a similar occasion — the semi-centennial celebration in 1896.

ALONZO BRADFORD.

Alonzo Bradford, filling the position of postmaster at Hayward,
was born in Madison county, Ohio, December 9, 1841. The public
schools of southeastern Iowa afiforded him his educational privileges
following the removal of the family to that section. \Mien nineteen
years of age he enlisted for service in Company F, Second Iowa Vol-
unteer Infantry. He was later transferred to the First Regiment,
Missouri Light Artillery, and remained with the Army of the Cum-
berland for four years. Following the close of the war he returned
to Iowa and there engaged in farming for one year. He ne.xt went
to Missouri and purchased a farm, which he operated for three years.
On disposing of his property he came to the coast and in 1873 estab-
lished his home at Hayward, where he embarked in carpentering.
Later, as he became known, he began contracting on his own account
and continued in that business for several years. Following the elec-
tion of President Benjamin Harrison he was appointed postmaster
of Hayward and filled the position acceptably for four years and
seven months. Upon his retirement from the office he once more
engaged in contracting and building for a time ;ind in April, 1903, he
was again appointed to the office of postmaster, in which position he
has remained continuously since, covcrintj a period of nearly twelve
years, so tliat his entire incumbency in the position covers sixteen
years. His record speaks for itself. .Abrahani Lincoln has said:
"You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people
some of the time, but you can't fool all of the people all of the time,"
and when a man has been as long in public office as Mr. Bradford it

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 469

is indication that the great majority have faith in his ability and effi-
ciency and indorse his actions and his policy.

In politics Mr. Bradford has always been a stanch republican,
unfaltering in his allegiance to the party, and in addition to serving
as postmaster, he was a member of the board of town trustees and for
two terms was its president. He has also served as school trustee and
is interested in everything that pertains to the welfare and progress
of his community.

In Van Buren county, Iowa, in 1865, Mr. Bradford was united
in marriage to Miss Mary Glascock, of West Virginia, and they have
one son, Harry A., who is the first lieutenant of the Hayward Na-
tional Guards and assistant postriiaster at Hayward. Mrs. Bradford
is an active member of the Methodist church. Mr. Bradford has
membership in Eucalyptus Lodge, A. F. & A. M., which he joined as
a charter member on its organization in 1876. He is now treasurer of
that lodge and is the only charter member still living. He likewise
belongs to Lookout Mountain Post, G. A. R., and thus maintains
pleasant relations with his old army comrades, with whom he loves
to recount the incidents and experiences of the war, when, as "boys
in blue" they followed the old flag upon the battlefields of the south.
The same spirit of patriotism has ever characterized him in all of
the relations of life and Hayward numbers him among its most val-
ued citizens.

FRANK A. LEACH.

Frank A. Leach, who is manager and vice president of the Peo-
ple's Water Company of Oakland, was for many years connected
with newspaper work and also held a number of important official
positions. By means of his papers he contributed much toward the
growth and development of his state, and in many other ways he has
been an important factor in the advancement of Alameda county.

He was born in Auburn, New York, in August, 1846, a son of
Edwin W. and Mary A. Leach. The family has been represented in
America since 1639, the first to emigrate to this country being Lawr-
ence Leach, a descendant of John Leach, a prominent surgeon of
England. He took up his abode in Massachusetts. Edwin W. Leach,
tlic father of our subject, was born in Vermont in 1824 and was cdu-
1. atcd in the state of his nativity, there remaining until he reached his
niaioritv, when he and his parents remo\ed to Cayuga county, \ew

470 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUXTY

■^'ork, where he became connected with the wagon-making business
with his father. In December, 1849, he started for California and
reached San Francisco in the following September, being a passenger
on an old steamer which consuiTied nine months in making the voy-
age around the Horn. In San Francisco he followed the occupation
of a carpenter for a year. At the end of that time he went to Sacra-
mento, where he was engaged as a soda-water manufacturer until the
big conflagration in 1852. He then again turned his attention to
wagon-making and in 1857 removed to Napa, where he manufactured
wagons and agricultural implements, residing there until 1870, in
which year he retired and moved to Vallejo, which city remained his
home until 1886. In that year he came to Oakland and here he passed
away in 1901. His marriage took place in 1845, the maiden name of
his wife being Mary A. RofTee. To them was born one son, Frank
A. The mother died in Oakland in i8qo. In the spring of i8;2 she
had come to this state with her son, the father having decided to estab-
lish the family home here.

Frank A. Leach attended private school in Sacramento and en-
tered the public school on the first day that it was opened, continuing
therein until he was eleven years of age. At that time the family
removed to Napa, where our subject continued his studies, being a
pupil in the public schools and in the academy until seventeen years
of age. He then held a position in a printing office for two years,
and there gathered the experience which enabled him to start the
Napa Daily Reporter, which journal he successfully conducted until
the spring of 1867. Upon selling out he removed to Vallejo. where
he started the Vallejo Chronicle, and conducted the same until 1886,
disposing of his interest in that year and coming to Oakland. In this
city, associated with A. B. Nye and \V. F. Burbank, he founded the
Oakland Enquirer and published and edited the paper until 1899.
His long experience made him an ideal newspaper man, and he gave
careful attention not only to the editorial policy of the paper, its news
columns and its advertising pages, but always saw to it that it was of
tb.e highest type of typographical workmanship. In his long news-
paper career Mr. Leach pri)nioted many ni()\ements which were of
benefit to the communities and districts in which he published his
papers, and by means of his editorials educated the people to the
highest sense of political responsibility and citizenship.

In 1897 he was appointed by President McKinley superintendent
of the mint in San Francisco and held that position for ten years, or
until 1Q07, when he was appointed director of all the United States
mints, with head office at Washington, D. C, holding that position

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 471

until August, 1909, when he resigned in order to become president
and manager of the People's Water Company of Oakland. He served
as such until October i, 191 1, and then retired, but in July, 1912,
upon the death of Judge Sweeney, who was superintendent of the San
Francisco mint, the government officials requested him to accept the
position because of his familiarity with the work, which he did with
the understanding that he would remain in charge only until the next
settlement of the afifairs of the mint. This he did and resigned Au-
gust 15, 1913. In 1906, while Mr. Leach was in charge of the mint in
San Francisco, the great fire disarranged finances and a plan of iielp
was necessary. As the mint remained the only intact institution able
to cope with the situation, the people naturally looked to it for aid
and the bank officials through a committee came to consult Mr. Leach.
He recommended that the banks through their credit with eastern
institutions, secure telegraphic transfer of funds by the United States
treasury orders on the mint and use such funds in establishing a tem-
porary Central Bank representing all the banks of the city, the local
banks to supply tellers and bookkeepers to carry on the business,
quarters with vaults being furnished in the mint building. Within a
week the plan was carried into execution, the banks of the city were
the depositors and they supplied their customers with funds through
checks drawn on their deposits. The Central Bank was a matter of
great importance in reviving the business and financial interests of
the stricken citv. The plan filled every expectation and continued
in operation until the various banking institutions could open their
vaults in the ruins, secure new quarters and resume business. As soon
as the magnitude of the disaster was realized by the government
authorities at Washington the secretary of the treasury wired Mr.
Leach for a report on the situation, with a suggestion as to what the
treasury department could best do to relieve conditions. He recom-
mended free telegraphic transfer of funds from the east, payable in
(jrders on the United States mint in San Francisco. The suggestion
was immediately adopted. At the request of President Roosevelt,
Mr. Leach acted as treasurer of relief funds until the general relief
committee was organized. Independent of the banking arrangement
described, Mr. Leach received and disbursed through this transfer
system, over forty million dollars in six weeks' time and not one dollar
was lost or unaccounted for. Personally he superintended the pay-
ment of all this vast amount. He was in Oakland at the time of the
earthquake, but bv a special boat furnished by the railroad company
he got to the mint quickly and was able to direct affairs, I'ifty of
the emploves responded to figiit the hrc whicii soon surrounded and

472 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

threatened destruction of the building and through their able work
and the good supply of water the building was saved. On his retire-
ment from the mint the banks of San Francisco presented Mr. Leach
with a costly watch, which they had suitably engraved, and also a
set of resolutions and a fine library of about one thousand volumes.

On February i, 1914, he became vice president and manager of
the Peoples Water Company, which position he now holds. His large
experience fits him well for this executive position and he is doing
very valuable work in the interest of the city.

InDecember, 1870, in Vallejo, California, Mr. Leach married
Miss ALiry L. Powell, and to them were born four children: Frank
A., Jr., manager of the Pacific Gas & Electric Company of Oakland ;
Abe P., an attorney of Oakland; Edwin R., who is in charge of the
metallurgical plant at Palo Alto, California; and Harrv, who prac-
tices law in Oakland.

Mr. Leach of this review has always been prominent in political
circles and is a republican. For two terms, from December, 1879,
until March i, 1881, he served as representative of Solano countv in
the state legislature, doing valuable work in the interest of his con-
stituents, and from 1882 until 1884 was postmaster of Vallejo. Fra-
ternally he is a Mason, being a member of the Lodge of Perfection.
He likewise belongs to the Berkeley Club, a literary organization
and one of the oldest in California. There is much that is commend-
able in the career of Frank A. Leach, which shows us that prosper-
ity, honors and distinction may be won simultaneously and may be
achieved without jeopardizing the highest principles.

THE WILLIAM HOVEY FRIEND FAAHLY.

A sketch of his family, the first by that name in Oakland, where it
had its beginning in iS6(>, invites brief mention of its original mem-
bers, including the father, William Hovey Friend, the mother, Emma
Rogers Babson Friend, the sister and aunt. Miss Marie Rogers Bab-
son, and the two sons, William Nathaniel and Roger Berry Friend.

William Hovey Friend was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts,
February 6, 184(1, where he acquired an education, trade, and the
usual longing of boys of tiiat locality for tlic sea. One voyage to
the East Indies was. however, sufficient for him. In 1863 he set
out for California, locating in San Francisco, where he associated

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 473

himself with the wood and willow ware firm of Armes & Dallam
until 1880, when, as one of the leaders in the congressional campaigns
of Horace F. Page, he entered the custom house service. It was
at this time that he reorganized the business department of the Oak-
land Tribune. Later he engaged in the wholesale fish business,
representing the Gloucester firm of John E. Pew & Sons. In 1884 he
went into the wholesale tobacco business, forming the firm of Horn,
Friend & Erskine. In 1886 he became cashier of the Sun Insur-
ance Company of San Francisco and afterward its secretary under
the presidency of Colonel C. L. Taylor, in which connection he con-
tinued till the company retired from business in 1895. After manag-
ing the S. G. Hilborn campaign for congress in the succeeding year
he became postmaster of Oakland, serving till 1900. Always a strong
supporter of the Pardee wing of the Republican party, upon the lat-
ter's election as governor he went to Napa as business manager of the
State Hospital. Upon retirement from this position he visited his
native city for several vears, when he returned to Oakland to re-
main until his death, which occurred February 9, 1914. iMr. Friend
served for a term on the Oakland board of education. He was an
exempt fireman, having in early days belonged to Howard Engine
Company No. 3 of San Francisco. In 1880 he joined Oakland
Lodge, No. 188, F. &'A. M., of which he became a life member.
He afiiliated with Howard Presbyterian Church in San Francisco in
1866 and upon settlement in Oakland he and all his family became
active members of the First Presbyterian Church of this city. He
took a leading part in the building of the edifice that for many years
stood at Fourteenth and Franklin streets, was president of its society
for over a decade and occupied the ofiices of trustee and deacon.

Emma Rogers Babson Friend was born in Gloucester, Massachu-
setts, and educated in the public schools and finished at Oread Insti-
tute. She married William Hovey Friend June i q, 1869, immedi-
ately starting for California with him in one of the first through
Overland trains. She was one of the few original organizers of tiie
Ebell Society in 1876, and thougii ever afterward an in\ali(i con-
tinued actively in its affairs until her death, March 12, \i)n;. She
also helped to organize the Oakland Chapter of the Daughters of
the American Revolution and was a member of the General Society
of the Mayflower Descendants. She was a great collector of china
and an authority on the same. In the first campaign for woman's
sufifrage in 1896 she took an active interest, and when the Spanish
war broke out she was instrumental in organizing the Oakland Red
Cross Society, the preliminary meeting, at which plans were adopted,

474 IIISTOin- OF AI.AMKDA COUNTY

occurring at her home. The scope of Iier religious activities was only
limited by her health.

Miss Maria Rogers Babson, sister and aunt, was born in (douccs-
ter, Massachusetts, and educated with her sister in the school ot her
native city and at Oread Institute. She came to Oakland in i S70,
becoming a fixed part of the Friend familv through the prolonged,
invalidism of her sister. She was a charter member of the Ebell
Society and Club, its (General Curator, and indefatigable promoter
for many years. In the Oakland Red Cross Society and the founding
of the Convalescent Home during the Spanish war she took a promi-
nent and originating part. -She was treasurer of the fund for the
furnishing of the children's room in the Carnegie Librarv when that
institution was erected. In the organization and perpetuation oi the
Oakland Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution she
was deeply concerned. Identified with the First Presbyterian church
like the rest of the family from the beginning she took a large inter-
est in its activities and also in the larger missionary work of the
cliurch, being an honcn-ary member of the American Board and an
active member of the Occidental Board of Foreign Missions. Her
deatli occurred at the home of her nephew in San Francisco, May i.
1914.

Roger Berry Friend, the second son. was born in Oakland.
December 8. 1H73. He was educated in the grammar and high
school of the city and earlv went into the Sun Insurance Companv
with his father. His rise in that business was rapid and popular,
(poll the dissolution of the old Sun companv he served for a time
with the Continental of New York, then with the Aachen and
Munich, and afterward for a series of successful vears with Voss.
Conrad & Company in the Thuringia of Germany. Here he showed
his talents as a special agent and adjuster, being rated chee'rfully by
his fellow adjusters as one oi their best known, best liked and most
efficient members on the coast. The final retirement of his com-
pany from business in America opened the way for his further ad-
vancement to the management of the Providence and Washington.
But the strain of the success achieved under grave responsibility,
coupled with other business activities that he had engaged in. pro-
duceti a nervous collapse in which he was suddenlv stricken bv death
l'"ebruary 2T,. 1914. In tlie social life of younger Oakland he took a
prominent part. lie was a member of Oakland lodge, commanderv
and Shrine in .Masonry, of the Athenian and Reliance Clubs, and a
favorite leader of the Deu.x Temps and other cotillion clubs. His
church membership was with his family.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 475

William Nat. Friend, the surviving member of this family, was
bi)rn in Oakland, April 5, 1870, graduating from the Oakland high
school in 1889 and from the University of California in 1896, where
he was president of the Associated Students and a member of Phi
Delta Theta fraternity. He worked his way through college as a
newspaper correspondent; then studied law and was admitted to
practice; took a leading part in young men's politics in city, county
and state for a while. Then he studied for the Presbyterian ministry
at the seminaries at San Anselmo and Princeton and was a pastor at
Golden, Colorado, for eight years and at Howard churcii in San
Francisco for four years more. In the latter part of 1913 he pur-
chased an interest in the Albert Brown Company, becoming its secre-
tary and a managing director, and returned with his family to his
native citv. In 1902 he married Miss Anna Coyle, daughter of the
Rev. Robert F. Coyle, D. D., for many years pastor of the First
Presbyterian church of Oakland, a graduate of Mills College and
teacher therein and at East Denver high school, Colorado. Their
family includes three children, Robert Coyle, Roger Berry and Eliz-
abeth Gorham Friend. Mr. Friend is a Mason in both rites, an Elk
and a Woodman.

T. H. MOORE.

T. H. Moore, one of the successful and prominent business men
of Richmond, whose interests extend to many fields, was born in Lin-
coln county, Missouri, in 1854, his father having gone from Kentucky
to that state in pioneer times. The subject of this review was reared
upon a farm in his native county and when he was twenty-si.v years
oi age began his independent career, turning his attention to agri-
cultural pursuits. He understood farming in principle and detail
and his long experience and practical methods brought him a gratify-
ing degree of success, and he became finally one of the leading agri-
culturists in Lincoln county. He owned three farms, one of two
hundred acres, another of one hundred and twenty, and another of
forty, and for thirtv-six vcars lie continued to develop these tracts,
providing them witli substantial barns and outbuildings and neglect-
ing nothing which would add to their appearance or value.

For a number of years Mr. Moore made his home in Troy, Lin-
coln county, and was well known in local democratic politics, holding
the position of county coroner for eight years and of justice of the

476 HISTORY Ol- ALA.AIEDA COUNTY

peace for twelve. He was also a charter member and a director ot
the Peoples Bank of Troy. In 1909 Mr. Moore came to Richmond,
California, ami turned his attention to the teaming business, with
wiiicii lie lias been successfulh identified since that time. He is
also a real estate operator on an extensive scale and is a director in
the Mechanics Bank of Richmond. His interests are all capably and
progressively managed and liave brought him a gratifying measure
of success.

In 1880 Mr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Mattie Wyatt,
a native of Missouri, and they have become the parents of eight
ciiildren, Lulu A., Laura G., Lee D., William T., Florence B.,
Wright W., ALittie J. and Ray C.

Mr. Moore is prominent in the ^Lisonic order, holding member-
ship in the lodge and chapter, and he has been through all the
chairs in the ^Modern Woodmen of America. He is a business man
of insight, ability and capacity and holds a high place in business
circles of the city.

ALBERT J. BROWN.

Albert J. Brown, president of the Albert Brown Undertaking
Company, is a well known and representative business man of Oak-
land, and he also has a wide act]uaintance in San Francisco, where
club and social relations ha\c brought him into prominent connec-
tion. He was born in Denver, Colorado, February 17, 1875, and is a
son of Albert and Mary A. Brown. I'he father was a native of the
northern part of New Jersey, born July 21, 1842. There his educa-
tion was acquired and later he removed westward to Denver, Colo-
rado, where he engaged in the building and contracting business until
1874. He then embarked in the undertaking business, which he con-
ducted at that place until 1881, when he sold out and made his way
to Los Angeles, California, where he conducted an undertaking estab-
lishment until 1886. He then disposed of his interests in that city
and came to Oakland, where he purchased the undertaking estab-
lishment of W. T. Hamilton, which had been founded in 1874. He
conducted the business under liis own name until iq(i;, when it was
incorporated under the iinn style of Albert Brown Cndertaking
Company, of whicli he became president, ser\ing in that capacitv
vnitil Ids death, whicli occurred in Januar\, 19(19. He was promi-
nent in .Masonry, having attained the thirty-second degree of the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 477

Scottish Rite, and he was also a member of the Mystic Shrine. His
fraternal relations were with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows
and the Ancient Order of United Workmen and to their teachings he
was ever loyal. His political allegiance was given to the republican
party, but he preferred that other should hold office, while he con-
centrated his energies upon his business affairs.

In 1870, in Denver, Colorado, Albert Brown, Sr., was united in
marriage to Miss Mary A. Downey, and unto them were born four
children, including Albert J. Brown, whose name introduces this re-
view. He was a lad of about six years when the family came to
California, and he pursued his education in the public schools of Los
Angeles and of Oakland, passing through consecutive grades until
graduated from the high school in the latter city with the class of
June, 1894. He next attended the University of California and was
graduated in 1899. Since then he has been identified with the Albert
Brown Undertaking Company and in January, 1909, following the
death of his father, he was elected its president. The company con-
trols a large and growing business and its success is well estab-
lished.

In San Francisco Mr. Brown was united in marriage, in Feb-
ruary, 1906, to Miss Lois Rice, and they have one child, Barbara.
Mr. Brown holds membership in the University of California Club
of San Francisco and is well known in that city and in Oakland, hav-
ing an extensive circle of warm friends. In fact, he is widely known
throughout California because of his residence in Los Angeles, his
attendance at the State University and his identification with tlie two
Bay cities.

JOSEPH T. HINCH.

Joseph T. Hinch, who embarked in the real-estate business in
Oakland in 1903, has here been successfully engaged along that line
during the past decade. His birth occurred in Eureka, Humboldt
county, California, on the 14th of August, 1879, his parents being
Thomas and Eliza Hinch. The father came to California in 1873,
settling in. Eureka, where he was actively engaged in the mercantile
business until the time of his retirement in igo3. His demise oc-
curred in 191 3.

josepli T. Hinch attended the graded and high schools in the
acquirement of an education and following his graduation, at the age

478 HISTORY UF ALAMEDA COUNTY

of nineteen, spent six months in the Eureka Business College. Subse-
quently he purchased his father's stock in the firm of Hinch, Salmon
& Walsh, general merchants, in which he still owns a third interest.
In 1903 he came to Oakland and embarked in the real-estate busi-
ness, of which he has remained an active and successful representa-
tive to the present time. In the intervening decade he has erected
three hundred cottages which he has sold on the easy payment basis.
In San Francisco, on the 6th of February, 1901, Mr. Hinch
was united in marriage to Mrs. Paulena Huck, by whom he has one
child, Lucille. He gives his political allegiance to the republican
party and is a member of the Oakland Commercial Club and the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In matters of citizenship he is
intensely loyal and public-spirited and gives his unqualified indorse-
ment and cooperation to every movement inaugurated that will ad-
vance the municipality or promote the welfare of the community
along the various lines of human activity.

HARMON BELL.

Among the many brilliant, able and resourceful men who have
gained positions of prominence and distinction at the bar of the Bay
cities is Harmon Bell, practicing in Oakland and controlling mi-
portant legal interests here and in San Francisco. He is recognized
as the leader of the Oakland bar and is at the head of the law firm of
Bell, Bell & Smith, with offices in the Thomson building. The
record of liis career is the record of worthy and upright living, of
strict adherence to high personal and professional standards, of native
talents and powers well used for worthy ends. These things need
not be repeated to the readers of a history of this section of Califor-
nia, for Mr. Bell is one of Oakland's most progressive and successful
native sons and his name has been known and honored here since
pioneer times, his father having been one of the earliest and greatest
ministers of the gospel in San Francisco.

Harmon Bell was born on the 23d of March, 1855, and is a son
of Rev. Dr. Samuel B. and Sophia (Walworth) Bell, the former a
native of Orange county. New York, and the latter of Cleveland,
Ohio, both descendants of families which were prominent in Revolu-
lionarv times. A sketch of Samuel B. Bell appears on another page
of tiiis work. Harmon Hell was reared at hnme and in the acquire-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 481

ment of an education attended Lyons Academy in Lyons, New York,
and afterward Hillsdale College at Hillsdale, Michigan. He then
enrolled in Washington College, a private school at Alameda, Cali-
fornia, and at the age of twenty-two took up the study of law, a
profession which had always attracted him. He entered the offices
of Dirlam & Lehman in Mansfield, Ohio, whither he had gone with
his father in 1875, and in the next year he moved to Kansas City,
where he completed his legal studies in the office of Judge Turner
A. Gill of that city. He was admitted to the Missouri bar on the
ist of May, 1878, and opened an office in Kansas City, where he
continued for twenty years thereafter, becoming known as one of
the most prominent and successful attorneys in the state. Success
in law brought with it prominence in politics and, representing the
republican party, he was elected to the state legislature, serving from
1881 to 1882 and leaving the impress of his personality and ability
upon the political history of the state. Upon leaving Missouri, Mr.
Bell came to San Francisco and in that city he met with his usual
success in his profession, securing a large and representative clientage
which connected him with a great deal of notable litigation. In
1904, shortly before the fire, he became chief counsel for the San
Francisco, Oakland & San Jose Railroad and for the Oakland Trac-
tion Company, and he removed his home and office to this city, where
he has since remained. He was for years chief counsel for these con-
cerns, which absorbed the various smaller traction corporations and
which have done much to promote general growth and development.
Mr. Bel4 is known throughout the Bay cities as a strong and forcible
practitioner, well versed in underlying legal principles and possessed
of the discriminating ability necessary to make effective application
of his knowledge. His mind is incisive, analytical and deductive,
quick to grasp the most intricate details of a case, while his presenta-
tion of his arguments is always clear and logical. He has thus risen
to prominence in his chosen field, and his name has been coupled
with the successful completion of a great deal of notable and im-
portant legal work.

In 1880 Mr. Bell was united in marriage to Miss Catherine
Wilson, a daughter of A. C. J. and Margaret Wilson, who settled
in Santa Barbara in pioneer times. Mr. and Mrs. Bell have become
the parents of four children, two of whom, Walworth and Marjorie,
died in early childhood. The elder son, Traylor W., is an attorney
at law and is associated with his father, while the younger, Joseph
Samuel, is still at school. The family belong to the First Presby-
terian ciuirch of Oakland.

482 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Bell's interests are almost as extensive in San Francisco as
in Oakland and he is a leading member of the city bar association.
He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, belonging to the Knights
Templar and the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and he is a member
also of the Native Sons of the Golden West and the Sons of the
American Revolution. He belongs to the Athenian, Sequoia and
Claremont Country Clubs of Oakland and the Transportation and
Commonwealth Clubs of San Francisco. Mr. Bell is a man of sterl-
ing qualities of heart and mind and takes an active part in all mat-
ters tending to the uplift and advancement of citizenship. In 1913,
when the Oakland Commercial Club was formed, he was unani-
mously chosen its president.. The aim of the organization is to pro-
mote a greater harmony and a more united purpose in civic, com-
mercial and industrial growth. No better selection could have been
made for the head of such an organization than Mr. Bell. He at
once became a power in its councils and it has grown to be a strong
and potent factor in the business life of Alameda county. Mr. Bell
was reelected president of the club in 1914. Politically he is a stanch
adherent of the republican party and active, progressive and public-
spirited in matters of citizenship, taking an intelligent interest in
the advancement and growth of the community in which he resides.
He is a man of great breadth of view, of progressive ideas, of high
personal and professional standards and his wide experience and
successful practice have placed him among the leading attorneys of
the state. Those who come within the close circle of his friendship
find him a broad-minded, large-hearted and liberal man, a supporter
of public movements, an upholder of private morality — a man whose
success has been well deserved and alwavs worthilv used.

CHARLES PALMER.

A pioneer in California was Charles Palmer, who died in
Berkelev in 1897. He practiced law in San Francisco and Oakhind
for many years and from this field his interests extended to many
others touching closely public and business development. Mr.
Palmer was born in Connecticut and after completing his prelimi-
nary education was graduated from Yale I'niversity, where he
studied law. In iSqo he came to California hv way of the Strait of
Magellan and afterward mined in Nevada and Eldorado counties for
some time. Later he removed to Folsom, Sacramento county, and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 483

engaged in banking there until 1877, in which year he came to Ala-
meda county, where he remained a resident until his death. He
practiced law in San Francisco and Oakland, having been con-
nected through a large patronage with much important litigation in
the courts of the state. He founded the Oakland Paving Company
and was its attorney for many years, the weight of his influence being
felt in the direction of its policy and as a force in its continued growth
and progress.

Mr. Palmer married Miss Harriet Day, who came to California
with her parents in 1855. Her father, Sherman Day, was a surveyor
and mining engineer and surveyed the wagon road over the Sierras
before the advent of the railroad. In the early days he engaged in
mining and for a number of years he held the office of United States
surveyor, located at San Francisco. He was one of the trustees and
founders of the College of California, now the University of Cali-
fornia.

Mr. Palmer was a member of the Masonic fraternity and gave
his political allegiance to the republican party. He was a man of
ability, of unquestioned integrity and in the field of his profession
he attained a position of distinction and honor. His death, which oc-
curred in Berkeley in 1897, was sincerely mourned by a wide circle of
friends.

JONATHAN F. CHAMBERS.

Jonathan F. Chambers is engaged in the real-estate business in
Oakland and has found opportunities which he has utilized and
which have brought him success. His birth occurred in County
Cork, Ireland, January 31, 1883, his parents being Michael and
Catherine (Moynihan) Chambers, both natives of the same county.
The father came to America in 1884 and the mother in 1885 and es-
tablished their home in Bufifalo, New York, where they passed away.

Their son, Jonathan F. Chambers, remained in Ireland, where
he attended the public schools until he was eleven years of age and in
1894 came to this country, making his way to Bufifalo, where he im-
mediately began work at the printer's trade. In 1901 he went to
Cleveland as inspector for the Empire Typesetting Machine Com-
pany and there he remained for over a year. He engaged in print-
ing and newspaper work in New York city for several years and
then went to Washington, D. C, where for two years he held the
responsible position of superintendent of typesetting machines in

484 HISTORY Ol'^ ALAMEDA COUNTY

the government printing department. This department is one of the
best managed enterprises under government control and the fact
that he held a .position of authority therein is proof of his efficiency
and reliability. During the time he spent in Washington he took a
two years' course in the evening classes of the National University
Law School.

In 1907 Mr. Chambers came to California as coast representative
for the Lanston Monotype Machine Company, opening offices on
New Montgomery street, San Francisco, and continuing in that line
for four years. His practical knowledge of printing and of the good
points of a type-setting machine enabled him to make many sales
for the firm, but in August, 191 1, he entered the real-estate business
in Oakland, as he saw wonderful opportunities in that line. He
specializes in the building of houses and bungalows and the easy
terms which he offers have enabled many families of limited means to
secure homes w'hen they would otherwise pay rent year after year and
in the end have no property of their own. He is aggressive and
enterprising and has followed a well planned campaign which has
made the merits of his proposition known to those whose needs it is
his design to meet. His houses are good value for the money re-
ceived and as his terms are liberal he is doing a fine business and has
not only gained financial success for himself, but has helped to build
up the city of Oakland as well.

Mr. Chambers was married in Buffalo in September, iq(\v to
Miss Rachel McCabe, a native of that city. Both are Well known in
social circles of Oakland and the hospitality of their home is always
accorded their friends. Mr. Chambers is a republican in his political
belief, but has not taken an active part in politics as his business
aft'airs have dominated liis entire time and attention.

WILLIAM A. SIEBE.

William A. Siebe, a native son and popular young citizen of Oak-
land, devotes his attention to the duties devolving upon him as sec-
retary and manager of Shellmound Park. He was born on the loth
of November, iSHi, a son of Ludwig Siebe. In the acquirement of
an education he attended tiie public schools until the time of his
graduation at the age of sixteen, and subsequently wt)rked as clerk
in a retail grocery store of San Francisco for two years. He next
spent a year as a student in Heald's Business College and then

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY _ 485

secured employment as a clerk in the wholesale hardware establish-
ment of Dunham, Carrigan & Hayden of San Francisco.

Mr. Siebe next became secretary and manager of Shellmound
Park, of which his father. Captain Ludwig Siebe, acts as president.
The park embraces ten acres and derives its name from the shell
mounds located in and around the place, which were built by the
Indians centuries ago. Mr. Siebe and his father have rented the park
to the best societies in California and have managed it very success-
fully, ever maintaining its attractiveness for both the student and the
pleasure seeker. In 1915, commencing August 8th, the San Francisco
International Shooting Festival Association (Inc.) is to hold a rifle
and pistol tournament at this park in connection with the Panama-
Pacific Exposition and prizes to the amount of fifty thousand dollars
are to be competed for. This is the largest purse ever olifered at a
shooting contest in the United States. Marksmen from all over
the world will participate and the tournament will cover a period of
seven weeks. The Swedish Singing Societies from all parts of the
United States will hold a singing festival at this park Sunday, June
20, 191 5, which will mark the opening of the convention of the Swed-
ish Singers, which is to take place at the Panama-Pacific Exposition
in 1915. The Caledonian Club will celebrate its golden jubilee here
on May 30, 1915, which is to be a reunion of all the Scotch societies in
the United States.

On the 29th of November, 1904, in San Francisco, Mr. Siebe was
united in marriage to Miss Sophia Klevesahl, by whom he has
three children, namely: Madeline, who is eight years old; and
Harold and Dorothy, who are six and three years of age respec-
tively.

In politics Mr. Siebe is a stanch republican, while fraternally he
is identified with the Masons, belonging to Herman Lodge, A. F. &
A. M.; Mission Chapter, R. A. M.; San Francisco Commandery,
No. 41, K. T. ; and Aahmes Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He is like-
wise a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the
Native Sons, the North Deutscher Verein, the German American
League of California, the Shellmound Pistol & Rifle Club, the Gol-
den Gate Rifle & Pistol Club, the United States Revolver Associa-
tion, an honorary member of the San Francisco Scottish Thistle Club
and a director and vice president of the San Francisco International
Shoot Festival Association. Mr. Siebe is an expert pistol shot and is
one of the few men in California who holds the ninety-five per cent
medal of the United States Revolver Association. He has been
active in the sport of revolver and rifle shooting all his life and is the

486 IITSTORV OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

holder of several handsome medals, including state honors. He has
an extensive acquaintance in Oakland and has hosts of friends, as in
all of his dealings lie has conducted himself in a manner to entitle
him to the esteem and conlidencc of those with whom he comes in
contact.

ARTHUR VV. BEAM.

Arthur W. Beam is one of the substantial citizens of Hayward,
California, where he has for a number of years been engaged in the
real-estate business. He has important property interests and is also
connected with the First National Bank of Hayward. Mr. Beam
was born on the Puget Sound, in Island county, Washington, and
is a son of George and Almira N. (Wright) Beam, the former a
native of Illinois and the latter of Missouri. They crossed the plains
in 1854 and located in Island county. The father was engaged in
mining and farming. Both are deceased.

Arthur W. Beam attended the public schools of Island county
and while yet in his boyhood moved to San Francisco, where he made
his home for several years. He then became connected with the
Selby Smelting & Lead Company of Contra Costa county, remaining
in their employ for about twenty years and rising to the position
of chief accountant and department manager. After the company
disposed of their interests to the trust in 1906 Mr. Beam came to
Ha)rward, engaging in the real-estate business in partnership with
Peter Wilbert, the association having been continued to this dav with
mutual profit. Together they bought much property, including the
Villa Hotel, and they also own the land upon which their oflice
stands. Mr. Beam enjoys the reputation of being one of the most
competent judges of local real estate and is frequently consulted in
financial matters as regards realty investments. In 1905, in coopera-
tion with John A. Park, they organized the First National Bank of
Hayward, Mr. Park becoming cashier. In 1907 they bought a tract
in the Castro valley, which they subdivided and are now selling in
one and two acre lots, the speculation proving highly satisfactory
from a financial point of \icw and demonstrating the farsighted-
ness and business ability which have made them so successful in all
their transactions.

In San Francisco, Mr. Beam married Miss Margaret C. Benson,
a native of California, and they have one daughter, Edith, attending

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 487

Mills College. Mr. Beam is a stanch democrat and has always given
his allegiance to that party, doing all in his power to realize the ideals
which were first propounded by Jefferson. He is president of the
Jefferson Club of Oakland, which position indicates the important
place which he takes in his party, yet he is not an office seeker, his
personal modesty directing his political activities along other lines.
He has always been interested in educational matters and is a mem-
ber of the board of schools trustees of Hayward. He is also a mem-
ber of the Commercial Club of Oakland and of the Chamber of
Commerce of both Oakland and Hayward, being thoroughly in
accord with the aims and purposes of those organizations, and always
allying himself with the men who exert themselves in order to in-
crease the trade and commercial interests of Alameda county and to
extend its importance and prestige.

Fraternally Mr. Beam is a member of tlic blue lodge of Masons
in Contra Cosfa county and to the Aahmes Temple of the Mystic
Shrine, and the Scottish Rite Bodies of Oakland and Naval Com-
mandery at Vallejo. He is an Odd Fellow and a Woodman of the
World, acting in the capacity of banker in the latter lodge. His name
is also upon the roster of the Foresters of America and he is chief
ranger of the local organization. His religious faith is that of the
Presbyterian church and he is a member and an elder of the Hay-
ward organization. For several years he has actively participated
in Sunday school work and is at present superintendent, also inter-
esting himself in other church extension. There is much that is
creditable in the career of Arthur W. Beam, who has lent valuable
aid in tlie wav of enabling Havward to realize some aspects of its
higher self.

ANSON S. BLAKE.

Anson S. Blake is actively identified with a number of the busi-
ness concerns of Oakland and is doing much to aid in the develop-
iiK-nt of the citv. The most of his life has been devoted to contract-
ing and he has done a great deal of municipal and street work, giving
invariably satisfactory service. He was born in San Francisco in
1870, his parents being Charles T. and Harriet Waters (Stiles)
Blake, natives of New Haven, Connecticut, and of Massachusetts
respectively. In 1849 the father came to California by way of Nica-
ragua and was for many years engaged in mining in this state,
Nevada and Idaho, part of the time in tiic employ of others and part

488 HISTORY OF ALAMRDA COUNTY

of the time for himself. He had a large number of interesting stories
of the rough life of the mining camps of that period and always
enjoyed recalling those early days when the state was in the making.
In 1872 he came to Oakland and became a partner in the Oakland
Paving Company, with wliich concern he continued until his death,
in 1897, at which time he was its president. His political allegiance
was given to the republican [larty, but he never took an active part in
politics, W'hile fraternally he was a .Mason. His widow is still living
and resides in Berkeley.

Anson S. Blake was graduated from the public and high schools
of San Francisco and from the University of California, receiving
the Bachelor of Arts degree from the latter institution in 1891. He
immediately entered into business relations with his father as sec-
retary of the Bay Rock Company, remaining with that concern until
its dissolution in 1894. -"^t th'^t t'"''c he became interested in the
Oakland Paving Company, with which his father was also associated,
and he rose rapidly, becoming president of the organization in 1909.
He continued to hold that responsible position until 1914, when he
disposed of his interest in the company to F. W. Bilger, a well known
resident of Oakland. Ten years previously, in 1904, Mr. Blake with
his brother, Edwin T., and F. W. Bilger organized the firm of Blake
& Bilger, of which the subject of this review was the president. In
1914 Mr. Bilger retired from that firm, which is now known as Blake
Brothers Company. Hiey are general contractors and have done
much important work in their line, including a great deal of street
paving. The brotliers have an expert knowledge of the various
materials that can be used and of the conditions under which each
will give the most satisfactory service, l^his knowledge, com-
bined with their practical methods of construction and their relia-
bilitv, has won for them a high reputation as contractors and they
ha\e a very extensive and lucrative patronage. Mr. Blake's connec-
tions with the various companies mentioned above do not exhaust his
business activities, however, as he is president of the San Francisco
Quarries Company, which operates large quarries in Richmond and
in Marin county, and he is also a director in the Central Xationa!
Bank and the Central Savings Bank of Oakland.

Mr. Blake was married in San Francisco, Mav 17, 1894, to .Miss
Anita D. Symmes, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Frank J. Svmmes.
Her father is one of the well known business men of San Francisco
and is receiver for the California Safe Deposit Company.

Mr. Blake is a republican but has never taken an active inter-
est in politics. He is a member of several clubs of the Bav cities,

HISTORY OF ALA:\IEDA COUNTY 489

belonging to the Claremont Country Club, the University Club of
San Francisco, Athenian Club and the Commercial Club and the
Chamber of Commerce of Oakland. He has resided on the shores of
San Francisco bay during his entire life and is enthusiastic concern-
ing the delightful conditions of life and the splendid opportunities to
be found in this section of the state.

CHARLES E. SNOOK.

Charles E. Snook, successfully engaged in the practice of law in
Oakland as a member of the firm of Snook & Church, is a native of
California, born in San Francisco, February 19, 1863. He is a son
of William S. and Susan Helen (Louchran) Snook and is a member
of an old American family, his paternal ancestors having arrived in
this country from England in 181 2, becoming residents of New York
State. The maternal branch, which was of Irish origin, settled in
Vermont in early times.

Charles E. Snook acquired his early education in the public
schools of Oakland and afterward attended the Oakland high school,
from which he was graduated in 1879. After he had laid aside his
books he entered the employ of Goldberg, Bowen & Company and
when he resigned this connection began the study of law under Judge
S. P. Hall, of the appellate bench. Mr. Snook was admitted to the
bar of California on the ist of February, 1886, and opened an office
on Sansome street, in San Francisco, with the firm of Lowenthal &
Sutter. After one year he formed a partnership with Mr. Sutter
under the name of Sutter & Snook. He was elected justice of the
peace of Oakland in 1888 and after serving four years was made dis-
trict attorney of Alameda county, assuming office in January, 1893,
and serving with credit and ability for six years thereafter. In 1899
he formed a partnership with L. S. Church under the firm name of
Snook & Church and this is his present professional connection. Mr.
Snook handles all of the civil cases and is an able practitioner of
civil law, his success being indicated by a large and representative
clientage. He is a director of the Security Bank & Trust Company
of Oakland and a man of recognized honesty and ability.

In 1889 Mr. Snook was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Wade
and they have become the parents of three children, Charles W.,
Preston E. and Helen J. Mr. Snook gives his political allegiance
to the republican party and in addition to the offices before men-

490 HISTORY OF AI.AMKDA COUNTY

tinned served for ten months as a member of the board of regents of
the University of California and also as secretary of the state central
committee under Governor Pardee. He is a member of the Athenian
and Nile Clubs and well known in social circles of Oakland. His
attention is, however, largely given to his profession, in which he has
made rapid advancement, standing today among its most successful
representatives in this part of the state.

STANLEY MOORE.

The bar of California numbers among its representatives many
able, far-sighted and discriminating men who have won places of
distinction and prominence in their profession, and this work is
destined to form a part of the legal history of the state. Among
their number is Stanley Moore, a member of the firm of Moore &
Moore and one of the most distinguished representatives of the
younger generation of lawyers in California.

He waS' born in Oakland, June 9, 1880, and is a son of Albert A.
and Jaqueline (Hall) Moore, the former of Scotch-Irish and the
latter of English origin. The family is of old American establish-
ment, both the maternal and paternal ancestors having fought in the
American Revolution. From both sides Mr. Moore inherits also
his legal ability. His paternal grandmother was a sister of the late
Hon. H. R. S. O'Melveny, of Los Angeles, a noted member of the
California bar, and iiis mother was a sister of the Hon. Samuel P.
Hall, district attorney of Alameda county and subsequently superior
judge of the same county. His' father's family were among the pio-
neers in Monroe county, Illinois, having settled in Waterloo in 1778,
when the county was a part of the state of Virginia. A. A. .Moore.
father of our subject, was born there. He came with his parents in
1865 to Alameda county, California, and has since estabiislicd a repu-
tation as one of the ablest lawyers in the state.

Stanley Moore was reared in Oakland, acquiring his preliminar\
education in the grammar schools of the state. In 1894 '""^ entered
the Oakland high school and after one year became a student in
Boone's Academy at Berkeley, from wiiich he was graduated in 1897
He then enrolled in the I'nivcrsity of California, receiving the de-
gree of B. A. from that institution in i()()i. .Afterward he studied law
in his father's office and in December nf the same vcar was admitted
to the bar of California. Two years later he became deputy district

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 491

attorney of Alameda county, resigning that position in the following
year and removing to San Francisco, where he entered his father's
office. On the ist of January, 191 1, he was made a member of the
firm of Moore & Moore. This is one of the leading law firms of the
state and it controls a large and representative clientage connecting
it with some of the most important cases tried in the California
courts. Like his father Stanley Moore is a resourceful, keen and
able practitioner, well versed in underlying legal principles and dis-
playing great insight and discrimination in his application of them.
Stanley Moore is a member ofthe Claremont Country Club of
Oakland and he gives his political allegiance to the republican party.
He is a young man of capacity, enterprise and ambition, qualities
which will undoubtedly carry him forward into still more important
professional relations.

ANDREW J. NOR.

Andrew J. Nor has been actively engaged in the grocery business
in Oakland longer than any other man and the many years which he
has conducted hif' store have brought him increased patronage and
the absolute confidence of his customers. His birth occurred in
Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, March 21, 1855, and his father was
]. H. Nor, who never followed any occupation but the dairy business,
which he found very profitable and congenial.

The subject of this review was educated in the public scliools of
his native land, and as they rank among the best in the world, his
schooling was a thorough and liberal one. At the age of seventeen
he came to America, making his way directly to Livingston county,
Illinois, where for one year he was employed as a farm hand. In
the fall of 1S73 he came west to California and located in the San
Joaquin valley. In the spring of 1875 he came to Oakland and in
1877 took out his naturalization papers as he had decided to defi-
nitely cast in his lot with this country. In 1878 he embarked in the
retail grocery business on West Seventh street in connection with a
Mr. Eiben, the firm name being Eiben & Nor. xA^lthough the store
has been twice moved he has never left West Seventh street and has
been in business on that thoroughfare for the past thirty-si.x years.
He has followed the policy of absolute integrity and his willingness
to recti fv anv errors and to live up to the letter of all agreements
have won him customers who patmni/c him tn>m year to year.

492 HISTORY OF AI.AMEDA COUNTY

Mr. Nor was married in Oakland, November 27, 1881, to Miss
Annie Miller, a native of Ohio, who came to California as a young
woman. They have two daughters: Emily L., who is studying art in
Berkeley; and Frieda C, a graduate of the Oakland high school and
an accomplished pianist.

Mr. Nor is a republican in Iiis political views, but has never cared
to activelv enter the political arena. He belongs to Alcatraz Lodge,
No. 244, A. F. & A. M., and to Alcatraz Chapter, R. A. M. He
also holds membership in I'niversity Lodge of Odd Fellows and in
the Knights of Pythias. For thirty-nine yearS' he has resided in Oak-
land and in that time has seen it develop from a comparatively small
community to a thriving modern city, and the change brings him all
the more pleasure because he has done more than his share in devel-
oping its business. He is reaping the reward of his many years of
honorable activity in the respect with which he is uniformly regarded
bv all who know him.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BERKELEY AND

BERKELEY BANK OF SAVINGS AND

TRUST COMPANY.

The growth of the First National Bank of Berkeley and the
Berkeley Bank of Savings and Trust Company, which are prac-
tically under the same management, has been a most remarkable one,
their combined resources today exceeding eight million dollars. The
total accounts in both banks are over seventeen thousand, which
averages one account for every three inhabitants in Berkeley. The
First National Bank is today one of the largest in Alameda county
and is making mighty strides toward overcoming its competitors.
It grew out of The Commercial Bank, which in 1892 was converted
into the First National Bank and the Berkeley Bank of Savings. The
trust department was established in 1906. A. W. Naylor, the pres-
ent president of both institutions, was the first cashier when the now
extensive banking business was started in a small way at a time when
the population of Berkeley did not exceed ten thousand. Under his
wise and able management both banks have grown to their present
proportions and importance. More extended mention of tiic career
of Addison Wood Naylor will be found in another part of this work.
It is largely due to him and to his progressive policies that the banks
have become what thev are today in tiie commercial and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY VXi

financial life of the city and state, and the policy of the
banks has ever been such as to better and improve the
conditions of the city. For many years previous to com-
ing to California, Mr. Naylor was engaged in the banking busi-
ness. In 1873 he started a private bank in New Sharon, Iowa, the
cashier of which was Anna M. King, the first woman to become a
cashier of a bank in the United States. Three years later Mr. Naylor
sold out his interests and in 1878 went to Des Moines, Iowa, where he
organized the Capitol City State Bank, of which he served as presi-
dent for about ten years. Coming to California in 1888, he lived for
a few years in San Diego and San Jose, and in 1892 came to Berkeley,
organizing what was then The Commercial Bank. He is at present
president of the First National Bank of Berkeley and of the Berkeley
Bank of Savings and Trust Companv, as well as president of the
South Berkeley Bank. Frank L. Naylor, his son, is vice president of
the two banks first named. For two years he was connected with the
Central Bank of Oakland, but in 1895 became associated with his
father's institution in Berkeley. He served as cashier for a number of
years and in igm was elected vice president of both institutions,
Frank C. Mortimer then becoming cashier.

The First National Bank of Berkeley and the Berkelev Bank
of Savings and Trust Company occupy one of the most handsome
structures in the city of Berkeley, unexcelled for its equipment and
banking facilities. The First National is devoted to all branches
of modern banking, while the Berkeley Bank of Savings and Trust
Company transacts the business of a savings bank and also handles
trust business, taking safe and confidential care of the securities of its
patrons. Situated in one banking room, each department is con-
veniently accessible to all the others and, directed and managed by
the same men, these departments cooperate harmoniously. The bank
maintains an information bureau, where are kept on file stock lists,
directories and other sources of commercial information. Customers
and the general public are welcome to the use of this department.
Tiiere is also a customers' room, comfortably furnished and provided
with all conveniences to transact business. A committee room is ever
at the disposition of any of the corporations doing business with the
bank. A novel departure is a ladies' reception room, handsomely
furnished, where ladies, whether depositors or not, are always \vel-
comc in order to rest or write or telephone or prepare checks and
deposit slips. The bank library is filled with a variety of financial
literature anii numerous reference books are kept there on file, while
the directors' room is substantially appointed and so arranged as to

494 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

furnish the greatest convenience. The officers' quarters are easily
accessible to all customers of the bank. The loan department is care-
fully handled, yet the progressive policy of the institution is ever
visible in extending the desired help to worthy enterprises based
upon strict business prinicples. There is also a bond and travelers'
department as well as an exchange and collection department. A
quick system of paying and receiving has been instituted and the han-
dling of private accounts is so directed that it i- not necessary to
leave bank books but statements are sent from the institution. The
savings department is particularly carefully guarded. Interest is
paid, semi-annually computed and, as savingr- accounts in the state
are exempt from taxation, a fair return for the money is assured to
the depositors. In the trust department the bank acts as executor of
wills, trustee of estates, guardian and as confidential fiscal agent. Xo
charge is made for drawing a will where the corporation is appointed
executor or co-executor. There are special consultation rooms where
interviews may be carried on in privacv if desired, and the advice
and counsel of the officers of the bank is ever at the disposal of the
clients. The safe deposit department and storage vaults of the insti-
tution deserve especial mention, as they are constructed in accord-
ance with the latest ideas. The heavy ;teel doors, with their intricate
mechanism, electrical devices and time locks, form an absolute bar-
rier against successful entrance, except by authorized persons. Thev
are altogether impregnable against destruction by fire or attack by
thieves. The storage vaults are largely used for storing of famih
silverware or other household valuables, curios, paintings and such
other things as it is the part of wisdom to store in an absolutelv safe
place.

The present officer; of the First National Bank of Berkeley, Cali-
fornia, are: A. W. Naylor, president; F. L. Naylor, vice president;
William E. Woolsey, vice president; Frank C. Mortimer, cashier;
W. F. Morrish, assistant cashier; G. T. Douglas, assistant cashier;
anil G. L. Pape, assistant cashier. For the Berkeley Bank of Savings
and Trust Company the following officers serve: A. W. Naylor,
president; F. L. Naylor. vice president; William E. Woolsey, vice
president; W. S. Wooil, cashier and trust officer; J. S. Mills, assistant
ca;hier. The directors of both institutions are men well known for
their prominence in the commercial and financial life of the state.
They are William H. Crocker, C. M. Gayley, J. W. Havens, James
R. Little, W. H. Marston, A. W. Naylor, F. L. Naylor, W. R.' Scott
and William E. Woolsey. To give,a more accurate idea of the extra-
ordinarv growth of the two banks, we conclude with a statement of

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 495

the combined resources of the First National Bank and the Berkeley
Bank of Savings and Trust Company, as follows : 1 892 — $100,000.00 ;
1895 — $500,000.00; 1900 — $1,025,000.00; 1905 — $3,050,000.00; 1910
— $6,050,000.00; 191 2 — $7,350,000.00, while in 191 3 the combined
strength of the two banks exceeds eight million. For a number of
years the First National Bank of Berkeley has acted as United States,
state, city and postal savings depository.

JAMES P. p:doff.

James P. Edoff, one of the most prominent and progressive citi-
zen: of Oakland and one whose labors have been effective forces in
the citv's development, was born in Laporte, Indiana, on the ist of
Januarv, 1856, a son of Louis and Sarah Edofif, who became resi-
dents of New York city in 18^7. The father was a captain in the
Union army during the Civil war and was killed in battle before
Richmond.

It was during his infancv that James P. EdofI' was taken by his
parents to New York city, where he acquired his early education,
and later he attended the public schools of Oakland, the family hav-
ing come to this city when he was fourteen years of age. For one
year he was a student at Brayton's Academy and at the end of that
time went to Elko, Nevada, where he began his business career as
a clerk with the Diamond R Mercantile Company. He gradu-
allv gained influence with the company and soon was in charge of
their entire transportation of ores and machinery and the genera!
operation of mines at that point. At the age of twenty he became a
partner in the concern and continued his connection with it until
18S3, when he sold his interests and returned to Oakland. He then
embarked in business in San Francisco, carrying on operations there
until 1898. He became quite extensively interested in realty and in
mercantile concerns and also became prominent in local industrial
circles, promoting the interests of the city while advancing his own
private afifairs.

Selling out in 1898, Mr. Edoff retired from active business, but
in 1906 took a very prominent part in the relief work organized the
dav after the great earthquake and fire, continuing to aid for a year
and a half in the housing, feeding and support of those left penniless
by the disaster. He handled all the relief funds collected in this
localitv. It was during this time that he wa; appointed receiver of

496 HISTORY OI' AI.AMF.DA COUNTY

the California Bank of Oakland, which had closed its doors, and he
still continues to act in that capacity, his wise management, discrim-
ination and business ability having placed the afifairs of the institu-
tion in an excellent condition, the creditors receiving their claims
almost in full. Mr. Edoff is interested in the new Hotel Oakland
and in 1909 contributed substantially to the building of that magnifi-
cent structure, which has done so much to beautify the city. He had
the financial management during its erection.

Mr. Edoff was married in Oakland to Miss Florence Jones and
they have three children: Frank J., a prominent young business
man of Oakland; Florence, the wife of George P. Baldwin; and
A i Icon.

Politicallv Mr. Edoff gives his allegiance to the republican party
and although not an office seeker he was appointed and did most
creditable work as chairman of the board of park commissioners
from May, 1909, to 191 i, and he worked untiringly to make of Oak-
land a city beautiful. Fraternally he is connected with the Masonic
order and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He also be-
longs to the Athenian and Country Clubs and takes an active and
helpful part in the work of the Oakland Chamber of Commerce.
He is regarded as one of the leading business men of the city and
ha? done much to promote its interests.

WILLIAM W. GARTHWAITE.

For fortv-two years William W. Garthwaite has been identified
with the Oakland Bank of Savings, advancing from a humble
capacity through intermediate positions to the presidency of the in-
stitution, which is now the oldest and largest bank in Alameda county.
There have been no esoteric phases in his entire business career. He
has ever stood for progress and improvement and along legitimate
lines has sought advancement. His work has ever constituted a
valuable factor in business progress in the community in which he
has made his home, and he rightfully deserves mention with that
class who have been the upbuilders of the Bay cities.

A native of New York, Mr. Garthwaite was born in 1852 and in
cariv ciiildhood was brought to California by his parents, who made
the tri[i to the Pacific coast by way of the Panama route in 1856.
The laniilv iiome was established in San Francisco and there WW-
liam \\'. ( ianliwaitc attentled the public sclmols. His further train-

WILLIAM W. (.AKIIIW A

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 499

ing has been that acquired in the school of experience. He has never
feared to venture where favoring opportunity has led the way and
his ability and even paced energy have brought him into prominent
relations with the financial affairs of central California. His initial
step in the business world was made under the direction of A. J.
Ralston with the Pacific Fire Insurance Company. This was one of
the first companies operating in San Francisco and was organized
by some of the early financiers of that city. It was they who later
organized the Bank of California and who were well known in busi-
ness and financial circles as "the old Comstock crowd." Mr. Garth-
waite severed his business connections with San Francisco in 1872,
when he removed to Oakland, becoming note clerk in the Oakland
Bank of Savings. This bank had been organized with a capital stock
of one hundred and fifty^ thousand dollars in 1867 and in 1871 the
capital was increased to one million dollars. Something of the growth
of the institution is indicated in the fact that on its organization a
small building at Broadway and Ninth street was sufficient to accom-
modate the bank and its business, while in 1872 but four people were
employed therein. Its growth has been steady and substantial, how-
ever, and today the Oakland Bank of Savings is not only the oldest
but is also the largest Bank in Alameda county. Its capital has been
several times increased and the business handled now reaches a very
extensive figure. Mr. Garthwaite has advanced with its growth,
serving consecutively as note clerk, cashier, vice president and man-
ager before being elected to the presidency in 1909. For an extended
period he has bent his energies to administrative direction and execu-
tive control and his well formulated plans have constituted the basis
of much of the success of the institution.

In 1878 Mr. Garthwaite was married to Miss M. L. Mason, a
pioneer settler of Yuba county, California, and unto them have been
born two children, a son and daughter. Mr. Garthwaite is deeply
interested in civic matters and his indorsement and cooperation have
constituted valuable features in measures and movements which have
been of direct benefit and value to the community. He is recognized
as a strong man — strong in his ability to plan and perform, strong
ill his honor and good name, — and the importance of his business
afifairs, as well as the length of his residence in Oakland, makes liim
one of her most valued and honored citizens.

The Oakland Bank of Savings was organized August 13, 1867,
with a capital stock of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, which
in 1869 was increased to three hundred thousand dollars and in 1871
to one million dollars. In jaiuiary, 1910, The Oakland Bank of

500 HISTORY OF AT.A.MI-.DA COUNTY

Savings took over the business and assets of the Bankers Trust Com-
pany of Oakland, California, at which time its capital stock was in-
creased to one million one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. I'he
last published statement of the bank shows aggregate deposits of over
twenty-two million dollars and total resources of over twenty-four
million dollars. The bank began business in a small brick building
at Broadway and Ninth streets but moved to its present location at
the northeast corner of Broadway and Twelfth streets about Januarv,
1877, and since then the rapid increase of its business has four times
necessitated the enlargement of its banking quarters, the last resulting
in the present magnificent structure which it occupies.

The control of the bank has always been in strong hands and the
management has practically remained unchanged during a long
series of vears. There arc eleven members of the board of directors
of the Oakland Bank of Savings: W. W. Garthwaite, president;
W\ B. Dunning and Henry Rogers, vice presidents; J. Y. Eccleston,
cashier and secretary; and A. Borland, Arthur H. Breed, George H.
Collins, Horace Davis, J. P. EdofT, James K. Moffitt, and M. L.
Requa. The other officers of the bank are: J. A. Thomson and A.
E. Caldwell, assistant secretaries; Samuel Breck, F. A. AUardt, Les-
lie F. Rice and A. W. Moore, assistant cashiers; and D. A. Bulmore,
trust officer.

PETER WILBERT.

Peter Wilbert is not only a pioneer of Hayward, where he has
been successfully engaged in the real-estate and insurance business
for twenty-two years, but has made many valuable contributions to
the development of the town, of which he has served as trustee, also
being one of the organizers of the Chamber of Commerce. In point
of service he is the second oldest real-estate man in his city and the
high reputation wiiich he enjoys is greatly to his credit, for it stamps
him as a man who only follows the fairest iiietiiods and who has
ever discharged all obligations laitl upon him and who has fulfilled
the expectations whicli the people had in liini when they entrusted
their affairs to his care.

Mr. Wilbert was born in Carroll. Fairfield county, Ohio, Septem-
ber 12. 1849, and is a son of Valentine and Elizabeth (Kling) Wil-
bert. natives of (Jermanv. The father was born in 1792. He took part
in the famous NapolcDnic campaign against Russia in 1S12. at the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 501

time when Prussia was under the domination of the great French
emperor and when the Prussian battalions fought with the French
arms in order to reduce the Russian empire. He was stationed for
a time at the military barracks near Coblenz on the Rhine, the old
and famous city which was founded by the Romans under the Roman
empire. The parents of our subject came to America between 1833
and 1835 and settled in Ohio, near Cleveland. The father's reason
for going so far west was because no work could be found in the east,
but in Ohio the Hocking canal was being built and in its construction
many workmen were needed. Cleveland at that time was a cluster of
half a dozen cabins and Mr. Wilbert built a log house for his wife
and their five children in the woods. There he left them while he
went to work on the canal, receiving thirty-seven and a half cents per
day in remuneration for his labors. Industrious, thrifty and saving,
he acquired the means which permitted him to engage in farming,
an occupation which he followed in Ohio for the remainder of his
life. He died about 1878, hiS' widow passing away in 1880. In
their family were ten children, of whom Peter is the youngest and
of whom four came to California, two of these having passed away.
One brother of our subject, Martin L., is now engaged in business
pursuits in San Francisco.

Peter Wilbert was educated in the public and high schools at
Carroll, Ohio, but at the age of twenty decided to embrace the beck-
oning opportunities of the west, and set out for the land of promise
on his twentieth birthday. This was in the first year of the railroad,
the last spike of which was driven in April, while Mr. Wilbert came
to California in September. He traveled by train and, tarrying in
several places en route, it took him fully a week to make the trip.
He arrived in San Francisco on the 27th of September. His sole
financial resources consisted of a twenty dollar greenback, which
was worth fifteen dollars in gold, minus twenty-five cents which
was charged for exchange. He, tliorcforc, found himself with four-
teen dollars and seventy-five cents. He accepted any work that came
to hand, making his livelihood as best he could, but in less than two
years became connected with railroad work, beginning as an oiler
and then spending a short time as locomotive fireman. His ability,
faithfulness and trustworthiness were soon recognized and gained
him promotion to the position of engineer. In that capacity he con-
tinued for seventeen years. In 1887 he left the railroad employ and
turned his attention to the real-estate and insurance business at Clov-
erdale, also being interested at the time in a newspaper in that city.
Four years later he removed to Oakland and was for eight months

502 HISTORY OI' .\LAM1':DA C'OUXTY

successfully engaged in the real-estate business in Fruitvale, but in
June, 1892, came to Hayward and, establishing himself in the real-
estate business on June ist (jf that year, has ever since continued
along that line, also writing a considerable amount of insurance. He
enjoys the best reputation on account of his businec/s methods and
also on account of the great information which he has upon all local
real-estate conditions. His advice is frequently sought and he has
handled a number of important deals alYecting the community and
county most favorably. He has been interested in a number of busi-
ness enterprises and is always active in movements which have for
their purpose trade expansion. He has induced a number of new
concerns to locate in Hayward, bringing in that way additional cap-
ital into the city, and he has also cooperated in the municipal devel-
opment. It was Mr. Wilbert who prepared a petition for the pav-
ing of Castro street after the failure of the chairman of the town
board to do so. By two months of unremitting labor he secured
the signatures of nearly every property owner on the street to have
it paved. His petition when presented to the town board represented
eleven thousand of the twelve thousand feet fronting on that street
and the result was that the work was at once begun and that a street
which had long been an annoyance to all those who had to pass it
and an eyesore to all visitors and residents soon was one of the best
paved in the city. He was also one of the organizers of the original
Chamber of Commerce of Hayward and always has been a director,
having also served as president and secretary. For one term he
served as town trustee.

In 1876, at Stockton, California, Mr. Wilbert married Miss
Carrie Petty, a native of California, who died in 1885. In 1889 he
was married in Cloverdale to Mrs. A. Zuver, who was born in Ohio.
He has one daughter, Mrs. J. M. Mendell, of Claremont.

Mr. Wilbert has always given his allegiance to the republican
party and is thoroughly informed upon all questions and issues of
the day, although he is not a politician in the ordinarily accepted
sense of the term. He is a member of the Congregational church
and has always taken a deep interest in its work. Fraternally he be-
longs to the Woodmen of the World, being one of the organizers of
the Hayward lodge, which is known as Cypress Camp, \o. 141, and
was founded in 1893. He was its first consul commander and has
served as secretary of this organization for fourteen years. He is
also identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belong-
ing to Garden City Lodge, No. 142. of San Jose. There is much
that is creditable in tiic career of Peter Wilbert, who througiiout

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 503

life has shown himself a public-spirited and patriotic man, ever
ready to sustain new enterprises and to work for the benefit of the
community, having made many sacrifices for that purpose.

OTTO R. LUDEWIG.

Otto R. Ludewig is one of the pioneer business men of Rich-
mond and was the first to open a meat market in the city. He has
progressed with the development and upbuilding of the community,
of which he has seen practically the entire growth, and, utilizing
the advantages which it ofifered for progress, is today the owner of
three of the largest and most sanitary butcher shops in Contra Costa
county. During the twelve years of his residence here he has been
active in public afifairs and has held various positions of trust and
responsibility, being now chairman of the common council.

Mr. Ludewig was born in Germany in 1867 and in his native
country learned the butcher's trade. He came to the United States
in 1892, and after spending three years in Chicago removed to San
Francisco in 1895. He was in the butcher business there for five
years and then removed to Richmond when the town was first or-
ganized. He found here a cluster of rude shacks and has seen the
town grow to a populous and prosperous community, whose inhabi-
tants number fifteen thousand. Mr. Ludewig established himself
in business in a small shop at Point Richmond and in twelve years
his trade has increased so rapidly that he now owns three modern
and sanitary stores, known as the Richmond, the Central and the
Union markets. These are conspicuous examples of commercial en-
terprise and ability and are among the finest retail stores in Contra
Costa county. Each market is handsomely finished in marble and
stone and combines the features which give elegance and neatness
to an establishment of this kind. The main shop, at 510 Macdonald
avenue, is equipped with a large refrigerator, an ice-making ma-
chine, capable of manufacturing two tons of ice daily, and a com-
plete refrigerating system. The Harbor Creamery is also owned by
Mr. Ludewig and in this department there is an ice cream machine
in which cooled air is used exclusively and a butter making ma-
chine which turns out forty-five hundred pounds daily. The Har-
bor Creamery has a reputation for selling the best dairy produce,
eggs, butter and ice cream, and its prevailing motto is absolute clean-
liness. Mr. Ludewig conducts a strictly sanitary business' in all de-

504 HISTORY Ol' AI.A.MKDA COUNTY

partmcnts and this applies with equal force to the modern abattoir
at San Pablo. Six years ago he erected the two story brick structure
at 510 Macdonald avenue, and owns all of the buildings in which his
markets are located. He buys cattle in carload lots and has the larg-
est pay roll in the citv among the retail houses, his staff numbering
from eighteen to twenty people.

Mr. Ludewig married Miss Prantsch, and they have become the
parents of three children: Otto, Jr., Victor and Metar. Mr. Lude-
wig is connected fraternally with the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Maccabees and the
Elks. He gives his political allegiance to the progressive party and
has been very active is public afifairs, following four years of able
service on the common council by his present activity as chairman
of the board. His administration has been characterized by the ac-
complishment of a great deal of constructive, businesslike and
straightforward work in the best interests of the city. Mr. Ludewig
has been in the meat business for thirty-one years and thoroughly
understands it in principle and detail, founding his success upon
long experience, unremitting industry and keen business insight.

JUDGE EVERETT J. BROWN.

The active career of Judge Everett J. Brown lias been guided
and controlled by a spirit of enterprise, progress and initiative, has
been influenced by high professional and personal standards and
dominated always by a sense of his responsibility as a man and as a
public servant, these t]ua!ities bringing him distinction and success
at the bar and on the bench and gaining for him at the early age of
thirty-three the position of judge of the superior court of Alameda
county. He is not only the youngest judge on the bench, but. what
is of more value, his administration of the jaw has been of a charac-
ter that has won for him a high position among his colleagues as a
jurist and as a man and an enviable place in the regard of the public
at large.

Judge Brown acquired his early education in the grammar
schools of Oakland and was graduated from the Oakland high school
in 1894. He afterward entered the University of California where
he made an excellent record, graduating with the degree of Ph. B.
in 1898, wIkmi lie was twenty-one years of age. ^^'ith iiini there was
no hesitation or imlccision in choosing a life work, for tlie profes-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 505

sion of law had always attracted him. and he had fully determined
upon this before his graduation. He promptly enrolled as a stu-
dent in Hasting's College of Law, affiliated with the state university,
and he supplemented his studies at the college by practical experi-
ence in the offices of Hon. Victor H. Metcalf, with whom he re-
mained until the latter's appointment to ex-President Roosevelt's
i cabinet. He thus had the advantage of constant association with a
j fine legal mind and was consequently unusually well equipped for
j practice when he was admitted to the bar in 1901.

Judge Brown opened his first office in Oakland and was imme-
diately successful, his ability, enterprise and knowledge of his pro-
fession, drawing to him a large and representative patronage. He
became connected with a great deal of important litigation and
skilfully conducted a number of difficult cases, proving able in argu-
ment, lucid in presentation and efifective in his appeals before the
court. Having attracted considerable attention as a rising young
attorney, he received the appointment as deputy district attorney of
Alameda county in 1903 and completed one term, serving with such
energy, conscientiousness and ability that at the expiration of the
period he secured the nomination on the republican ticket for the
office of district attorney, to which he was elected by a gratifying
majority. About two years of his term had expired when he was
elected to the bench of the superior court of Alameda county, a
position which he has since filled with credit and dignity. Judge
Brown is an alert, active and vigorous young man and an excellent
judge, always ready to weigh carefully both sides of a case, never
ready to compromise in any way with his principles, but withal
courteous and sympathetic in his relations with his associates and
with the public. People who know him personally find him an
unselfish and cordial young man who recognizes all the ties and
obligations of life and meets them promptly and in a cheerful
spirit. He seems to have learned by precept and example what
most men have to learn by experience, and this is probably one of the
greatest elements in the success which has brought him at the age
of thirtv-three to his present high and responsible office.

Judge Brown married in Oakland in 1905 Miss Winifred L.
Osborne and they are the parents of three children: Winifred,
Everett and Jean. His mother .Mrs. Matilda Brown is well known
in the citv where for many years she has been a leader in the promo-
tion of various charitable and philanthropic enterprises. At present
she is president of the King's Daughter's Home. 'Hie official
career of Judge Brown has been marked by straightforward, able and

50.6 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

constructive work in the public service and in the private relations of
his life he has proved himself loyal, honorable and upright — one of
the men of distinction and ability in this part of California.

JOEL RUSSELL.

From comparative obscurity Joel Russell advanced steadily in
business connections until he became one of the large landowners of
Alameda county and also figured prominently in connection with
public affairs which shaped the policy and promoted the progress of
his section of the state. He lived to a ripe old age, and esteem and
respect were accorded him because of his many manly qualities and
his close conformity to the principles of right and honor.

He was born July i6, 1822, in Waterford, Oxford county,
Maine, so that the width of the continent separated him from his
birthplace after he had become a resident of this state. The first
seventeen years of his life were passed in the Pine Tree state and,
then while he did not leave New England, he left home to enter
upon business activities at Medford, Massachusetts. He secured a
clerkship in the drug store of Luther Anger and divided his time
between work in that position and the continuance of his education
as a pupil at Bethel Academy in his native county, from which in-
stitution he was graduated and was accorded a teacher's certificate.
The discovery of gold in California and the business possibilities
thereby opened up in the state attracted hundreds of the sons of New
England to the Pacific coast and the number included Joel Russell,
who left home on the 3()th of October, 1849, in company with a few
intimate friends, among whom was his special friend and shipmate,
W. H. Stearns. They took passage on the Hcnrv Ware, com-
manded by Captain Noah Nason and, sailing from Boston by way
of Cape Horn, arrived at San Francisco on the i3tli of March, 185(1.
For a brief period he engaged in contracting and building in
Stockton, California, and while there formed the acquaintance of
Captain Charles Weber, who formed a friendship with the young
man with the result that he received a deed for a hundred and si.\ty
acres of farm land near Stockton. During the winter of 1850-51 Mr.
Russell built a house upon the tract and made preparations to cul-
tivate the farm, but there was a lack of necessary rainfall that season,
causing him to abandon his purpose of developing the ranch. Sell-
ing his property, he afterward spent a year in the mines in northern

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 507

California with the usual experiences, ofttimes exciting, that came
to the early miner. There were the encounters with Indians and
other events that made a part of the hazardous life of the early miner
in this state. Mr. Russell traversed the mountain ranges from the
Humboldt bay to the Columbia river and in February, 1852, again
reached San Francisco.

Mr. Russell was without funds at the time of his return and once
more planned to engage in general agricultural pursuits. He ex-
pended his last cent for fare upon a sloop that bore him to Mayhew's
Landing and in Alameda county he secured employment that in
time, as the result of his industry and close economy, brought him
a sufficient sum to enable him to rent land and engage in farming
on his own account. In January, 1853, he settled as a squatter on
what proved to be a portion of the Soto ranch. The claimants to the
property secured their title by resort to the courts in 1856, after
which Mr. Russell purchased the tract upon which he had settled,
comprising one-seventh of the ranch. This he divided among his
fellow squatters, reserving sufficient to protect his own possessions.
From that time forward he added to his holdings until he became one
of the large landowners of Alameda county.

It was about the time that he acquired the ownership of the ranch
that Mr. Russell was married in August, 1856, to Miss Caroline M.
Bartlett, a native of Oldtown, Maine, and unto them were born a
daughter and two sons, Maude F., Thomas B. and Frederick James.
As time passed on Mr. Russell concentrated his efforts successfully
upon the development of his land and the acquirement of more
property, and success attended his ventures in large measure.

In addition to his extensive ranch interests, Mr. Russell became
active as a factor in the public life of the community. In 1854 he
was elected justice of the peace of Eaton township and for one term
he served on the bench as an associate judge in the court of sessions
with Judge A. M. Crane, who was then county judge. His interest
in the law was thus aroused, and he afterward successfully passed
the required examination and was admitted to practice in the courts
of Alameda county, continuing active in the profession until his
death. For several years he was town attorney of Hayward, estab-
lishing the boundaries of that town while lilling the office. He was
the candidate of the prohibition party for governor in the election
of 1866 and campaigned all over tlie state. He gave earnest sup-
port to the liberal party when James J. Birney was its candidate for
the presidency and in 1852 at Centerville precinct, adhering to his
principles, he nominated his own electors and cast the one vote of

508 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

jiis county for John P. Hale, of New Hampshire, who was then
the presidential candidate on the free soil ticket. Following the
organization of the republican party he continued one of its stal-
wart champions for many years. Later, becoming convinced that
the temperance question was the paramount issue before the people,
he joined the ranks of the prohibition party. It is well known that
Mr. Russell never faltered in the support of any course or a principle
which he believed to be right. He voted as his judgment dictated
and in all things was ruled by broad common sense, a progressive
spirit and the desire to promote the general welfare. He passed
away February 19, 1888, when in the sixty-sixth year of his age. and
left behind, not only a substantial competence, which was the result
of earnest and intelligently directed endeavor, but also bequeathed as
a priceless heritage to his family that good name which is rather to
be chosen than great riches.

LEWIS CASS MOREHOUSE.

A man's position in public regard is established by the con-
sensus of opinion on the part of his fellows. Judged in this way,
Lewis Cass Morehouse can, without invidious distinction, be termed
the most prominent resident of San Leandro, and it can be said of
him, and it cannot always be said of capitalists, that he is well liked
and esteemed by all with whom business or social relations have
brought him in contact. His judgment of others is founded upon
individual worth and not upon wealth, and in the attainment of his
own success he has followed methods so straightforward and honor-
able that the most envious cannot grudge him his prosperity.

Mr. Morehouse is a native of Onondaga county, New York, born
December 29, 1833, and is a son of Oliver Morehouse, who, in 1843,
removed from the Empire state to Lake county. Illinois, where he
owned and cultivated a farm only eighty rods south of the Wisconsin
border. There the family lived until 1852. when Oliver Morehouse
and his son Lewis, leaving the family in the east, crossed the plains
in a prairie schooner with Sacramento as their destination. I'or a
few months both were employed on a ranch near Davisville, after
which they went to the mines at Sonora, Tuolumne county. In
Februarv, 1853, they went to Stockton, where the father died. Later
in that year Lewis Morehouse drove a five team train of oxen to
^Lariposa, and in December. t)f the same year, he came to San

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY 509

Leandro, where he was employed on a ranch bordering the creek on
the east side of the road that is now known as East Fourteenth street.
After six months there passed he gave up his position and went
across the road to the San Antonio ranch, where he remained for two
years. During the succeeding summer he engaged in farming on
his own account and in the spring of 1858 he returned to Illinois,
where he remained until the spring of 1866. During his residence
there he married and in the spring of that year he secured several
teams and organized a party to come west. The start was made
from Kenosha, Wisconsin, and they traveled straight through to San
Leandro. where Mr. Morehouse has since made his home. Here
he engaged in teaming and after a few years was elected constable.
He was later appointed deputy under Sheriff Morse, and he also
engaged in the collection agencv business for several years. In 1882
he was a candidate for membership on the state board of equaliza-
tion, which was then comprised of men from eleven counties. He
was elected to the office and represented the south district. The
state was at that time entirely under democratic rule and Mr. More-
house was the only republican elected to the board. In that capacity
he served for four terms of four years each, remaining therefore
sixteen years in this one position, his reelections coming to him in
recognition of the ability, fidelity and fairness with which he dis-
charged the duties of his office. He made a careful study of all the
questions which came up for consideration and a spirit of equity
guided him in all of his decisions.

On retiring from office, Mr. Morehouse, accompanied by liis
wife, made a tour of Europe, which lasted for fourteen months. He
was one of the directors of the Central Bank of Oakland and for
a quarter of a century has been a director of the First National Bank
of that citv. He is likewise vice president of the First National and
has continued in that position for many years. Upon the organ-
ization of the Bank of San Leandro, in May, 1893, he was chosen
one of its directors and has so continued. Upon the death of Soc-
rates Huff he succeeded to the presidency and still remains at the
iiead of the institution. Some years after the Bank of San Leandro
was established and had proven itself a successful and well managed
institution, Mr. Morehouse organized the First National Bank of
San Leandro, of which he is also president. A branch of this bank
is now maintained at Elmhurst. Mr. Morehouse has thus entered
into active, and prominent relations with financial interests of the
county and lias done much to uphold the financial stability of this
section of the state. He lias likewise had other business conncc-

510 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

tions of importance. For twelve years he was owner and manager
of the junior Monarch Hay Press Company, one of the pioneer
manufacturing concerns of San Leandro, which is now operated by
Tofifehiiier Brothers. He was likewise for several years a director
in the original Best Manufacturing Company of San Leandro. It
is a widely recognized fact that his business judgment is sound and
his enterprise unfaltering. Moreover, he has the power to quickly
discriminate between the essential and nonessential in business af-
fairs, together with the ability to coordinate seemingly diverse inter-
ests into a harmonious and unified whole.

On the 28th of June, 1861, at Racine, Wisconsin, Mr. More-
house was married to Miss Marion Jewett, a native of the Western
Reserve of Ohio. Her death occurred in March, 1907, and thus was
terminated a happy married life of more than forty-five years. In
politics Mr. Morehouse has always been a stanch republican where
national issues are involved, and he cast his first presidential vote
in Alameda county for Fremont in 1856. In local politics he usuallv
gives his support to the candidate whom he thinks best fitted for ofiice
regardless of party affiliations. He is a broad-minded man, liberal
in thought and honorable in purpose. His life has been fruitful
of good results, not only in the attainment of success, but in his sup-
port of progressive public measures which are of benefit to tlie
community.

CHARLES LEWIS TISDALE, M. D.

Dr. Charles Lewis Tisdale, prominent in medical circles of
Alameda as a representative and successful phvsician and surgeon
and widely and favorably known in official life of Alameda county
by reason of his remarkable record in the office of county coroner,
was born in Auburn, New York, June 2, 1858. Following the com-
pletion of a course in the public schools of Palmira he entered Wcs-
leyan College at Lima, New York, and subsec]uciitly enrolled in the
University of Michigan.

Later he moved to California, but, having decided to follow the
medical profession, he returned east, entering the Hahnemann Med-
ical College of Chicago, from which he was graduated with the
degree of M. D. in March. 1878. He was at that time not yet
twenty-one years of age and could not legally begin active practice.
However, the fact that he was in every other way fully qualified

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 511

to engage in professional work was in itself a good evidence of his
ability and comprehensive knowledge of the science of medicine.
Shortly after his graduation Dr. Tisdale received an appointment
from the Hawaiian government as government physician on the
island of Hawaii in which capacity he served with credit and ability
for five years. Upon his return he determined to pursue his medical
studies further and accordingly went to New York city and took a
post-graduate course in the New York Homeopathic Medical Col-
lege. It was with this exceptional equipment that he came to Ala-
meda and engaged in the practice of medicine, and his time has been
occupied with the work of his profession since. He possesses a
comprehensive knowledge of the underlying principles of medicine
and keeps in close touch with the trend of modern thought along
professional lines through constant reading, study and research. His
patronage has increased steadily, and his skill and ability have be-
come more widely recognized. Dr. Tisdale was a member of the
board of medical examiners for twenty consecutive years, holding
the record for length of continuous service on that board. In addi-
tion to this he has been treasurer of the California State Homeop-
athic Society for the past twenty years and was professor of pyhsi-
ology and of theory and practice at the Hahnemann Medical College
of San Francisco until 1901. •

In Schoharie, New York, in October, 1884, Dr. Tisdale married
Miss Emma Krum, and they have become the parents of three
daughters: Mrs. E. L. Varney, Mrs. Paul Gardiner and Ruth, all
graduates of the Alameda high school.

Dr. Tisdale gives his political allegiance to the republican party
and as a progressive and public-spirited citizen he has taken a very
active part in public afifairs. In 1906 he was elected county coroner
of Alameda county and has served by reelection since that time.
During the period of his service he has held over two thousand in-
quests personally, and the work of the office has been so vastly
increased that it now requires eleven deputies to handle the business.
Notwithstanding this the alTairs of the department have been
thoroughly systematized and are conducted without friction or con-
fusion. In 1890 Dr. Tisdale consented to act as a member of the
board of education in the city of Alameda, holding this position for
eight years, during two of wliich he served as president of the board.
He received the appointment of United States pension surgeon in
1898, resigning this office after eleven years on account of pressure
of other business. He was also for seven years physician for the
county jail and in addition to these various positions of responsibility

512 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

has been chairman of the congressional committee of the third con-
gressional district for many years. He is president of the Bank of
Fruitvale, a reliable and growing institution. His fraternal con-
nections are important as he is past e.xalted ruler of Oakland lodge,
Xo. 171, B. P. O. E., and holds membership in the Oak Grove Lodge
of Masons and several other organizations and clubs. In all pro-
fessional, personal and official relations he has held steadily to high
and pure ideals and has won the confidence and esteem of a wide
circle of friends.

JAMES G. QUINN.

James G. Quinn, who was elected judge of the justice court of
Oakland township in 1899, '""^^ retained that position throughout the
intervening years and has made a highly creditable and commend-
able record in that connection. His birth occurred in Melrose,
Massachusetts, on the 24th of August, 1873, his parents being M. D.
and Mary Quinn. The father, who was born in Ireland on the 23d
of October, 1847, received his education in that country and when
twenty-three years of age emigrated to the United States, settling in
Melrose, Massachusetts. There he was engaged in business as a
sawyer until 1875 and then came to San Francisco, where he carried
on the same business until 1877. In that year he took up his abode
in Oakland and established himself in the grocery business, here con-
ducting an enterprise of that character until the time of his retire-
ment in 1897.

James G. Quinn attended the graded and high schools until grad-
uated therefrom at the age of eighteen years and subsequently en-
tered Hastings College of the Law, which is the law department of
the University of California and from which he was graduated in
1896. He was then apfioiiucd police magistrate of the cit\ of
Emeryville, acting in tiiat capacity until 1899 and making his home
in Oakland during the period of his incumbency. In 1899 Mr.
Quinn was elected judge of the justice court of Oakland township,
and this position lie has lield continuously since. The legal profes-
sion demands not onlv a iiigh order of ability but a rare combination
of talent, learning, tact, patience and industry. The successful law-
yer and the competent judge must be a man of well balanced intel-
lect, thoroughly familiar with the law and practice, of comprehen-
sive general information, possessed of an anahtical miiul and a self-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 513

control that will enable him to lose his individuality, his personal
feelings, his prejudices and his peculiarities of disposition in the
dignity, impartiality and equity of the office to which life, property,
right and liberty must look for protection. Possessing these qual-
ities, Judge Quinn has proved an able and conscientious minister in
the temple of justice.

In Oakland, California, on the i6th of February, 1904, Judge
Quinn was united in marriage to Miss Glenora Belle Harris, by
whom he has two children, James G., Jr., and William Harris, who
are five and three vears of age respectivelv. I.udge Quinn is a re-
publican in liis political views and is identified fraternally with the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Fraternal Order of Eagles,
the Knights of Pythias, the Woodmen of the World and the Loyal
Order of Moose. He is likewise Past Grand Chief Ranger for
California of the Foresters of America, the order having a member-
ship of twenty-three thousand in the state and enjoying a wonderful
increase during Judge Quinn's term as grand chief ranger. His
hobbies are sharpshooting, hunting and baseball, and he is a popular
member of the Oakland Athletic Club, the Commercial Club, the
Nile Club and the Shellmound Pistol & Rifle Club. He also be-
longs to the Chamber of Commerce and is w^ell known as one of the
leading, respected and representative citizens of Alameda county.

JAMES A. JOHNSON.

For thirty-three years James A. Johnson has been a member of
the Oakland bar. He was born in Springfield, Illinois, in 1850.
His father, William E. Johnson, was a Methodist preacher and for
more than thirty-five years an effective member of the Illinois An-
nual Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Mr. Johnson was a student in the public schools of Illinois and
later graduated from the Illinois Wesleyan University at Blooming-
ton in 1872. After his graduation he engaged in teaching in the
public schools and later took up the study of law and was admitted
to the bar upon examination before the supreme court of Illinois in
1881. Immediately afterward he came to Oakland and was ad-
mitted to practice at the bar of California. He has since resided
continuously in Oakland engaged in the practice of his profession.
He served as citv attorney from 1886 until 1896. In his political
views, he has always been a republican.

.-.14 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

In 1877 Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Cecelia
Johnson. They have two children: one daughter, Ethel Alberta,
now the wife of Dr. Elmer E. Brinckerhofif of Oakland; and one
son. Elliott Johnson, who is a graduate of the State University of
California and is engaged in the practice of law. Fraternally, Mr.
Johnson is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

DR. SAMUEL B. BELL.

Rev. Dr. Samuel B. Bell, who passed away at Santa Barbara,
California, in 1897, was one of the earliest and leading ministers of
the gospel in San Francisco, winning recognition as a distinguished
Presbyterian preacher. He was born in Orange county. New York,
and was ordained as an evangelist at Onondaga, that state, in 1852.
In November of that year he was sent by the American Home Mis-
sionary Society as one of their missionaries to the Pacific coast, and
he sailed around the Horn on the clipper ship Trade Wind, landing
in San Francisco after a most eventful voyage of one hundred and
five days. Upon his arrival in California he commenced his work
as a Presbyterian missionary on the shores of San Francisco bay,
upon the site where Oakland now stands, and he was thus a pioneer
in the foundation of Presbyterian principles and doctrines in this
vicinity. He built the first Presbyterian church edifice of Oakland
and was its pastor for many years, exemplifying in his honorable and
upright life the principles in which he believed.

A man of great breadth of view, activity of mind and of varied
interests, he left during the ten years of his first residence in Cali-
fornia the impress of his personality and standards upon many of the-
most notable institutions in the state. He procured the charter for
the College of California, now the University of California, and lie
was one of the founders of that institution. He represented iiis dis-
trict in the state senate and in the house of representatives for three
vears, during which time he was connected with a great deal of im-
portant legislation, aiding in the passage of the Homestead law and
introducing the bill creating the board of regents in California. He
was president of the first republican state convention ever convened
in California and in many other ways aided in making political his-
lorv. He preserved a lively recollection of pioneer times in the state
when gold was so plentiful that tlicre were grave apprelicnsions that
it would soon become valueless, and he could remember the period

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 517

of crime and lawlessness which necessitated the organization of the
\'igil<'.nce Committee.

A ter a residence of nearly ten years in California, Dr. Bell re-
turned to the east, making the journey overland to New York. He
tendered his services to General Hooker in 1862 but was not per-
mitted to go to the front, the same year witnessing his appointment
as prstor of the Fiftieth Street Presbyterian church in New York
city. He there became prominent as a lecturer and orator, taking
part in many stirring events of that time and making numeorus ad-
dresses at the laying of corner stones, and before colleges, univer-
sities and other learned bodies. He was a member of two general
assemblies of the Presbyterian church of the United States and was
prominent in the councils of his religious denomination.

From New York city he went to Lyons, in Wayne county, New
"\^)rk, and thence to Hillsdale, Michigan. From the latter city he
again removed to California, having accepted a chair in Washington
College, Alameda county, which he afterward resigned in order to
become pastor of the First Congregational church of Mansfield,
Ohio. Afterward he removed to Kansas City, Missouri, and then
came again to California, making his home in Santa Barbara, where
he lived a retired life until his death, passing away in 1897, '" hi*
cightv-first year. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Sophia
^^'alworth, was a native of Cleveland, Ohio, and a descendant of
Revolutionary ancestry.

WILBER E. STILL.

Wilber E. Still was long prominently known as the publislier
and editor of the Livermore Echo, a paper which is still being con-
ducted by his son. In 1863 he became a resident of the Pacific coast
country.

He was born in Plainwell, Allegan county, Michigan, August 6,
1843, a son of William and L. E. (Noble) Still, who were residents
of Rochester, New York, and in 1833 removed westward to Michi-
gan. The youthful days of Wilber E. Still were spent upon the
home farm in his native state with the usual experiences that fall to
the farm lad. His education was there acquired and when a young
man of twenty years he left his native state for California, making
the trip by water and across the Isthmus. In due time he arrived
in San Francisco, where he remained for eigiit years, or until 1S71.

518 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

During that time his business for the most part was carrying news-
papers and for a brief time he was with the San Francisco Call as
mail clerk. In i(S69 he purchased some country property in the
Arroyo Mocho, hvc miles from Livermore, and in 1871 moved upon
his ranch, which for many years remained his place of residence.
In 1873 he became a representative of leading book publishers and
was so employed continuouslv until 1881, when he turned his atten-
tion to the real-estate business in Livermore, concentrating his ener-
gies upon the purchase and sale of property and thus adding ma-
terially to the progress and prosperity of the town. In 1882, how-
ever, he embarked in the newspaper business, establishing the Liver-
more Echo, and thereafter gave his attention more and more largely
upon the publication of his journal until in January, 1889, he prac-
tically abandoned the field of real-estate operations and concentrated
his efforts upon the publication of the paper.

Mr. Still was married in Livermore in 1876 to Miss Anne E.
Webb, who was born in San Francisco, and they became the parents
of four children: Clarence E., Wilber H., both deceased; Elmer G.;
and Irene O. Mr. Still continued in the newspaper field until Oc-
tober, 1904, when he retired and was followed by his son, who is
still owner and publisher of the Echo. Both have enjoyed the high
regard and friendship of business colleagues and associates and the
name of Still is a synonym for enterprise and progress in this section
of the state.

LLOYD M. M.vcDONALD.

The Farmers and Merchants National Bank of Livermore, or-
ganized in 1885 under the name of the Bank of Livermore, has since
that time been an important factor in the Hnancial development of
this part of Alameda county, the solid and conservative policy stead-
ily adhered to by its managers having resulted in a normal and
gratifying growth. Its president, Lloyd M. MacDonald, holds a
position of distinctive precedence in financial circles, his excellent
work in a responsible position having brought him prominence ami
honor in his chosen field. He was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1879.
and is a son of Alexander and Elizabeth (McKenzie) MacDonald,
also natives of Canada, where the father was a banker and merchant.
He passed away in 1909 and is survived by his wife, who makes her
home in Berkeley. To their union were born three children: X'lola,

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 519

who lives with her mother; Lloyd M., of this review; and Frank,
deceased. The latter was for some years identified with the banking
business in San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley.

Lloyd M. MacDonald was reared in Canada and acquired his
preliminary education in the public schools of Stratford, taking a
first class teachers certificate from the Collegiate Institute. At the
age of seventeen he entered the employ of the Bank of Hamilton,
Ontario, rising in seven years from the position of clerk to that of
manager of one of the branches. He was the youngest man in the
employ of the bank to hold this responsible position and was recog-
nized by his superiors as an unusually conscientious and able worker.
Mr. MacDonald came to California in 1903 and shortly after his
arrival helped to organize the Livermore Valley Bank, of which he
was made cashier. This bank was later reorganized under the name
of the First National Bank, its present title. Mr. MacDonald re-
mained connected with it for two years and then disposed of his
interests, going to San Francisco, where he became connected with
the Merchants National Bank as casliier. At the end of five years,
in December, 1909, he returned to Livermore and was elected presi-
dent of the Farmers and Merchants National Bank of the city, of
which he has remained the head since that time. This bank was
founded in 1885 with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dol-
lars, Thomas Varney being president and H. H. Pitcher, cashier.
It was conducted under its original name until January 3, 191 1. at
which time it was changed to a national bank and given the title of
the Farmers and Merchants National Bank. At this time the capi-
tal stock was reduced to fifty thousand dollars. In 1905 the Liver-
more Savings Bank was incorporated and although this is a separate
institution with separate capital, it is under the same management.
The oflicers in the two institutions are as follows: Lloyd M. Mac-
Donald, president; Charles E. Beck, vice president; H. R. Parshall,
secretary and cashier; and E. Fuchs, assistant cashier. The board
of directors consists of Charles E. Beck, F. Mathiesen, L. M. Mac-
Donald, F. C. Lassen, G. A. Therkof, M. G. Callaghan, T. E. Kno.x,
Charles Holm, J. J. Callaghan, E. Pronzini and D. J. Murphv, all
business men of insight and sagacity, who have proved their cap.ibili-
ties in various fields of endeavor.

In 1909 Mr. MacDonald married Miss Leah McLeod, a native
of Livermore and a daughter of John McLeod, a pioneer in this
city, where he engaged in merchandising. He was also active in
politics and held the office of postmaster for a number of years. He
had five children: Mary E., the wife of D. J. Murphy, county super-

520 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

visor of Alameda county; Norman, a merchant of Livermore; A. C,
a vineyardist of Livermore; Annie, the wife of M. L. Silva, deputy
tax collector of Oakland; and Leah, the wife of the subject of this
review. Mr. and Mrs. MacDonald have become the parents of a
son, Norman L., who was born November 5. 19 10.

Mr. MacDonald is c(jnnected fraternally with the Benevolent
Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World, the L D. E.
S. and the U. P. C. In addition to his connection with the Farmers
and Merchants National Bank and the Livermore Savings Bank he
is also president of the Bank of Ceres, which he organized in 191 1,
and treasurer of the Dominion Oil Company, which he helped to
develop. He is a business man of rare insight and ability and holds
a place of prominence in business circles.

EDWIN WESLEY MASLIN.

Through the greater part of his life Edwin Wesley Maslin has
been in the public service and since the ist of March, 1894. has oc-
cupied the position of deputy naval officer through appointment of
Colonel J. P. Irish. He has passed the eightieth milestone on life's
journey, but is still active and energetic, displaying those qualities in
a degree not often seen in a man of his years. He was born in Balti-
more, Maryland, April i, 1834, his parents being Philip Thomas and
Harriet Maslin. In tracing the ancestral history it is learned that
William and Jane Maslin came from England in 1690 and settled
on the eastern shore of Maryland, where they and their descendants
were well known as prominent farming people. Representatives of
the family have since been found in that section of the country, but
the parents of Edwin W. Maslin removed to Baltimore in 1837.

Pursuing his education in the public schools of Baltimore, which
he entered in 1843, he there continued his studies and in August,
184^, became a high-school pupil, but did not graduate. On the
7th of November, 1852, he left Baltimore on the ship Hermann and
made the trip around the Horn. On the 15th of May. 1853. he
arrived at Grass Valley, California, and at once engaged in mining,
devoting his efforts to that work until September 5, 1855, when he
entered upon the study of law. He was admitted to the bar in the
spring of 1857 and opened an office in Grass Valley, where he con-
tinued in private practice until liis election to the position of district
attorney of Nevada county in the fall of 1859. He acceptably

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 521

served in that capacity until October, 1861, after which he resumed
private practice and so continued until July, 1870. He was then
again called to public office, being elected secretary of the state board
of equalization, in which connection he made an excellent record.
Upon his retirement from that position in April, 1872, he removed
to Santa Rosa, California, where he engaged in private practice for
about three and a half years, or until December, 1875, when he was
selected by Governor William Irwin as his private secretary, serving
until the retirement of the governor at the close of his term, in Jan-
uary. 1880. At that date he was again elected secretary of the state
board of equalization and filled the position with notable acceptabil-
ity for eleven years. Upon his retirement in April, 1891, he was at
once appointed manager of the state board of trade and so continued
until March i, 1894, when he was appointed by Colonel J. P. Irish
as deputy naval officer, and has since continued in this position, cover-
ing a period of two decades. His record needs little comment, for
it speaks for itself. That he has again and again been called to
positions of public honor and trust is an indication of the recognition
of his ability and the trust reposed in him. On the 20th of Decem-
ber, 1897, he was appointed one of the trustees of the Alameda Free
Library and is still acting as a member of the board.

Mr. Maslin has been married twice. On the 26th of December,
1859, at Grass Valley, he wedded Mary A. Underwood, who passed
away about fifteen years later, on the 7th of May, 1874. He did not
again marry until October, 1885, when, in Sacramento, he wedded
Mary A. Way, a native of Illinois. By the first marriage there were
two sons: Thomas Paul, who married Stella Wyllie and is a minister
of the Episcopal church, now in China; and Prentiss, who married
Grace Parker and is residing in Sacramento. The only child of
the second marriage is a son, Francis I., now an electrical engineer.

Mr. Maslin has been deeply interested in horticulture and stands
as a prominent representative of fruit-growing interests in California.
He has watched experiments and has been a leader in the movement
which has brought about many improvements in the methods and
manner of cultivating fruit on the Pacific coast. His religious
faith is that of the Episcopal church. He belongs to the Unitarian
Club of Alameda and to the Friendly Club of San Francisco. In
politics he is primarily an old-fashioned democrat, but lrc(]ucntly
votes for candidates of the republican party. In a word, he is a
broad-minded man, who looks at every vital and significant question
from a liberal standpoint, and he keeps in touch with the trend of
thought and interests of the day. Old age need not suggest as a

522 HISTORY OF ALAMKDA COUNTY

matter of course idleness nor want of occupation; on the contrary,
tiicre is an old age that grows stronger and brighter mentally and
physically as the years go on and gives out of its rich stores of wisdom
and experience for the benefit of others. Such is the career of
Edwin \\'csley Maslin, who at the age of eighty years is still an
active factor in the worhi's work.

GEORGE HENRY .\L\STICK.

George Henry Mastick, an able and prominent lawyer of San
Francisco and a resident of Alameda, was born in the former city
May 23, 1856, a son of E. B. and Lucretia L. M. (Wood) Mastick,
both of whom were natives of Ohio. They came to California in
1853, and Mr. Mastick opened an office for the practice of law in
San Francisco, where he continued in active connection with the
profession until his death in February, 1901, covering a period of
nearly fifty years. He ranked not only as one of the pioneer law-
yers but also as one of the prominent and honored attorneys there.
His wife passed away about the same time. In 1862 the family had
removed their residence to Alameda and here G. H. Mastick still
resides.

It was in the public and high schools of San Francisco that
George H. Mastick pursued his early education, while his profes-
sional training was received in the Hastings College of Law, from
which he was graduated with the class of 1881. He at once entered
upon active practice in San Francisco, where he has since remained,
and following in the footsteps of his father he has gained success,
honor and prominence as a member of the bar, being accorded a
large and distinctively representative clientage. In addition to his
profession he has done much public work of an important character
with far-reaching and beneficial effects. For the past twelve years
he has been one of the trustees of the State Normal School at San
Jose and to him is due the credit for the establishment of Alameda's
beautiful public library. Since reaching the age of eighteen years
he has been a member of the library board and much of the time
has served as its chairman, which position he now occupies. It was
in 1875 or 1876 that the library was established and received its
first supply of books from private libraries of the city. The people
took a keen interest in the movement and in 1878, when the state
law was voted giving cities the authority to own and manage public

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 523

libraries, it was decided to turn the library over to the city. During
the latter part of 1897 Mr. Carnegie volunteered a gift of ten thou-
sand dollars, but Mr. Mastick immediately took the matter up with
him, explaining that the city could furnish the necessary ground but
that it would not be possible to provide the cost of building, which
should not be less than thirty-five thousand dollars. After full con-
sideration of the subject and through the persuasion of Mr. Mastick,
Mr. Carnegie granted the full thirty-five thousand dollars, with
which was built the handsome library that stands as a monument to
the city's intellectual progress and would be a credit to a city of
much larger size.

On the 19th of May, 1883, in Alameda, Mr. Mastick was married
to Miss Lizzie Spencer, a native of Illinois, and unto them have
been born a daughter and two sons: Winifred, the wife of Ira Clerk
of Alameda; and Spencer and George H. The two sons are en-
gaged in operating the Langtry ranch in Lake county and, although
both are young men but little more than twenty years of age, they
are meeting with notable success in the undertaking. Mr. Mastick
is a republican in politics but not an active party worker. He is
widely known in San Francisco and throughout Alameda county
and is a popular member of the Pacific-Union and the Bohemian
Clubs of his native citv-

JOHN H. NICHOLL.

The name of John H. NichoU has come to be regarded as
synonymous with business development and progress in Oakland, for
as secretary of the John Nicholl Company he has given to the city
one of its largest and most important realty concerns. His initiative
spirit has founded other enterprises, which his executive ability has
made prosperous and important. He has, moreover, been active in
promoting the best interests of the community along many lines and
throughout his entire life has directed his efiforts where mature judg-
ment and keen discrimination have led the way.

John H. Nicholl was born in San Leandro, Alameda county, in
1855. and is a son of John and Agnes Booth (Hodge) Nicholl, natives
of the north of Ireland, both of Scotch ancestry. The father is one
of the pioneers of Alameda county. He came to America in 1849
and to California bv wav of the Isthmus of Panama in 1853. Upon
his arrival in San Francisco he paid one dollar to go across the bay

524 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

to San Antonio, now Oakland, and he went thence to San Leandro,
where for a time he operated a grain ranch on shares. He later pur-
chased land of his own, raising yearly abundant crops of wheat and
potatoes, and he operated this property until 1857, when he moved
to San Pablo Rancho, now the city of Richmond, where he again
engaged in grain farming, also buying and selling grain and operat-
ing a warehouse at Stege. In 1876 he built the Arlington block at
Ninth and Washington streets in Oakland, the first brick block on
Washington street, and this building is still in possession of the family.
Even in the early days he w^as a firm believer in the future of Ala-
meda county and frequently predicted that a citv would rise on the
old San Pablo Rancho and a tunnel would be cut through the hills
to the bay, making a shipping port at that point. This prediction
has since been fulfilled in every detail. In 1895, following the death
of his wife, John Nicholl, Sr., moved to East Oakland, where he now
lives in retirement at a very advanced age, as he will be ninety-two
years old in November, 1914.

John H. Nicholl acquired his early education in the San Pablo
public schools and later attended the California Military Academy
at Oakland and the Pacific Business College of San Francisco. Fol-
lowing the completion of his studies he ran the Nicholl Hotel in
Oakland for four years, after which he engaged in mining on the
Wood river, Idaho. He removed thence to Salt Lake City and in
1899 returned to Oakland, organizing in the same year the John
Nicholl Company, a close corporation, of which he has since been
secretary and manager. He maintains offices in Richmond and
Oakland, through which passes daily an immense amount of busi-
ness. The John Nicholl Company controls valuable real-estate
holdings in Ventura, Contra Costa and Alameda counties and holds
valuable tracts of land around Richmond. Land belonging to the
company was sold in 1896 for the right of way for the Santa Fe
Railroad. The company made the first sale in Richmond to Claus
Spreckels for the use of the San Francisco & San Jose Valley Rail-
road. The consideration was eighty thousand dollars, and the land
was the best part of ''Point Richmond." Mr. Nicholl recently sold
for five hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars one hundred and
eleven acres in the heart of Richmond, land which had been acquired
by his father in the early days for thirty dollars per acre. This was
the largest sale of undivided and unimproved property ever made in
the United States. Mr. Nicholl is now the owner of some of the
most valuable ranches in Ventura county, Spanish grants acquired
iu 1867, and has one thousand acres in that locality planted in lima

HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY 525

beans and English walnuts. He still has large property hold-
ings in Richmond and in various other sections of California. Al-
though he is a man of power and prominence in real-estate circles,
his interests have not by any means been confined to this field, as is
evident from the fact that he was the founder in 1901 of the Bank
of Richmond, which, starting with a capital of thirty thousand dol-
lars, has under his administration as president increased this to one
hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Nicholl is also known as the organ-
izer of the first water company in Richmond. His knowledge of
present day business conditions is comprehensive and exact and to the
solution of manv difficult problems which have confronted him in
the course of years he has brought keen discrimination and pene-
trating sagacity.

Mr. Nicholl is an ex-member of the Richmond industrial com-
mission and in the summers of 191 3 and 19 14 made trips to Wash-
ington as a delegate to secure an appropriation from the United
States government for harbor improvements in Richmond. He can
always be counted upon in the furtherance of any plan for the ad-
vancement of the city, where he has gained prominence as a man of
marked ability and substantial achievement. His unbending integ-
rity of character, his marked business ability and his public spirit
make him a citizen whose worth is widely acknowledged.

HAROLD HAVENS.

It is readily conceded that the rapid growth of California's cities
is largely due to the intelligent efforts of real-estate men, who by
keeping the realty market active have induced millions of foreign
capital to fiow to this state and have ever promoted enterprise and
expansion. One of the men who stands high among these success-
ful promoters is Harold Havens, of Berkeley, president of Harold
Havens, Incorporated, engaged in real-estate dealing and a native of
Oakland.

Mr. Havens received his education in the Oakland schools and
Leland Stanford Junior University, and was practically reared in a
real-estate atmosphere, having ever since his youth devoted his ener-
gies to that line of business. He has acquired a knowledge of realty
values which is wonderful in its accuracy, and he readily recognizes
an opportunity. He gives his customers and patrons the benefit of
his vast knowledge in this line and they are assured of expert service.

526 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

In Oakland he was connected with the Realty Syndicate and with his
brother, Wicham Havens, in the Wicham Havens Company, remain-
ing in that city until 1907, when he came to Berkeley and acquired
by purchase the hillside land overlooking San Francisco bay and the
Golden Gate. This tract comprised two hundred and eighty-seven
acres and he subdivided the same, giving it the name of Cragmont.
It is divided into attractive residence lots and is highly improved
with fine roads, drives, parking, flowers and trees, and traction lines
traverse the property. It commands probably the most attractive
view in Alameda county and the most modern street work has been
put into the subdivision. Cragmont is therefore fast becoming one
of the most exclusive residence sections of the city. Mr. Havens is
also interested in a number of other land companies. Moreover, he
is a director in the Claremont Hotel Company.

An incessant worker, Mr. Havens finds his recreation in the
open, of which he is a great lover, and is as ardent a player as he is
a worker. He is deeply devoted to the hunt and has trailed and
brought down with his gun big game in Alaska, Montana and
Nevada. Among his trophies is grizzly bear and moose, and he has
brought from his hunting trips a collection which is one of the finest
in the state. Mr. Havens is well known in clubdom, is a member of
the Bohemian and Family Clubs of San Francisco, the Athenian Club
of Oakland and the Fairmont Country Club. Careful of his own
interests, he has achieved success while he has always been considerate
of others. He is public-spirited in the most noble sense of the
word and is ever ready to place his ability and his means at the dis-
posal of worthy public enterprises. A western man, he pulses with
the western spirit, and he imbues with his enthusiasm all who come
in contact with him. Genial and pleasant in manner, he has made
many friends who prize his close acquaintanceship and is highly
esteemed and respected by the general public for what lie has accom-
plished and those qualities of his character which have made pos-
sible his success.

CHARLES A. JEFFERY.

The historv of Charles A. Jefifery is that ot a representative busi-
ness man of the west, alert and energetic. The steps in his orderly
progression are easily discernible. He has none of those qualities
which are termed genius, but he has a talent tor iiard work, com-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 527

billed with a discriminating judgment, that enables him to readily
recognize what is essential and discard the nonessential. Thus it is
that he has won place among the leading and prosperous business
men of San Leandro and Alameda county. He was born in Chi-
cago, Illinois, in September, 1879. His father, John B. Jeffery,
was one of the pioneer publishers of that city, devoting many vears
of his life to newspaper work and the publishing business in Chicago.
He is now a resident of New York city and is at the head of the
Jeffery-Ferguson International Publicity Bureau. The extent and
importance of his business interests have gained him prominence in
his chosen field.

Charles A. Jeffery was a student in the public schools of Chicago,
also pursued a business course there and took night courses of study
in the Young Men's Christian Association. In 1898, under the
civil service rules, he became civilian clerk under his father, who
was appointed by President McKinley as assistant quartermaster of
United States volunteers for service in the Philippines. Mr. Jelifery
went to the Philippines and there remained for a year, at the end
of which time he was mustered out. In the meantime the family
had removed to Oakland, where he joined them. After his return
home the Suburban Light & Power Company was organized, and
Mr. Jeffery was elected its secretary, in which position he continued
for ten or eleven years, or until the company sold out to the Pacific
Gas & Electric Company. He was largely instrumental in bringing
about the success which attended the original company, bending his
efforts to administrative direction and executive control and along
practical lines, building up a business which became one of the
profitable industries of the district. He was also at one time secre-
tary of the Mount Diablo Light & Power Company and since his
retirement from those offices he has given his attention to the real-
estate and brokerage business and to the supervision of his individual
interests. In the fall of 191 1 he removed to San Leandro and erected
a large and beautiful residence on Estudillo avenue, where he now
makes his home.

Mr. Jeffery has never allowed business interests to so occupy his
time that public duties have been forgotten. In fact, throughout
his entire life he has cooperated in movements for the general good
and in July, 191 3, he succeeded A. B. Cary as trustee of the San
Leandro school district, being appointed by the county superintendent
of schools to fill the vacancy. He was also elected to the ofiice of
clerk of the board. His cooperation can always be counted upon to
further public measures that have to do with the material, intel-

528 HISTORY Ol" AI.AMI-.DA COUNTY

loctual, political and moral progress of the community. He votes
with the republican party, yet is not an active worker in its ranks.
He is a member of the First Congregational church of Oakland, and
he belongs also to the Masonic lodge, the Eastern Star and the
Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.

On the 15th of April, 1903, in Oakland, Mr. Jeffery was united
in marriage to Miss Louise Robins, a daughter of George RoDins,
a pioneer of California and one of the early judges of San Francisco.
The children of this marriage are five in number: Dorothy, Florence,
Charles A., and John B. and George R., twins. Like her husband,
Mrs. Jeffery is a member of the First Congregational church and
takes an active and helpful interest in its work. She is also known
in club circles and is treasurer of the Aha Mira Club of San Leandro.
Their social position is one of leadership, and their own home is
noted for its warm-hearted hospitality. Mr. Jeft'ery is among those
who have recognized the wonderful opportunities of the growing
west and, taking advantage of these, has made rapid progress in a
business way, his even paced energy, undaunted enterprise and enter-
prising spirit bringing him into important business relations.

CHARLES PROWSE.

For many years Charles Prowse has been successfully engaged in
the real-estate and insurance business in Hayward, California, in
which city he was one of the pioneers. He also discharges the duties
of justice of the peace and county supervisor and moreover is town
recorder. He was born in Galena, Illinois, May 28, i8i;2, and is a
son of Thomas and Elvina (Bradshaw) Prowse, the former a native
of Kentucky and the latter of Jacksonville, Illinois. The father
paid his first visit to California in 1850, but in 1851 returned to
Illinois, coming again to California in 1868, when he brought his
family to the Castro valley, where he engaged in farming. He died
in 1869, his wife passing away quite recently. In their familv were
thirteen children, of whom our subject is the seventh in order of
birth.

Charles Prowse attended public school in Jo Daviess countv.
Illinois, but at the early age of thirteen made his wav across the
plains to Montana, bringing a drove of cattle from his native state
to the western frontier a trip of about twenty-six hundred miles.
He lived in Montana about three vears but later came to the Castro

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 529

valley, where his father had bought land. Following the death of
the latter he continued in the opeation of the family farm for a time,
but in 1880 gave up agricultural pursuits and moved to Hayward,
where he accepted a position as foreman of the warehouse business
and lumber yard conducted by Anspacher Brothers and so continued
until 1883. He then turned his attention to the real-estate and insur-
ance business and has ever since been active along that line. The
years have brought him success, and he has handled much country
and town property, being now considered one of the substantial
residents of his city. He has always proven himself worthy of the
confidence reposed in him and his advice is frequently sought upon
financial matters in regard to real estate, as he is considered one of
the best judges of land in and around Hayward.

Mr. Prowse married Miss Lucinda F. Luce, a native of Cali-
fornia, the ceremony taking place at Hayward. They became the
parents of five children: Joseph Bradshaw; Emma L., deceased;
Mary Olive, the wife of Joseph A. Gibson, of Elmhurst; Gertrude
L.; and Arthur James.

Mr. Prowse has always taken a most active part in public prog-
ress. One of his achievements was in securing Hayward public
park, the Plaza, which for years was a dumping ground for refuse
and a menace to the health of the city. Part of it was occupied by
business concerns who were illegally holding and using the ground.
In 1900 Mr. Prowse began a movement to secure and devote the
spot to public use. The matter had to be taken into court and a favor-
able decision was handed down by Justice Field, reestablishing the
city's title to the entire plat, which embraces a huge city block.
Judge Prowse personally donated one hundred trees at a consider-
able expense as a beginning to beautify the Plaza, which is now one
of the show places of the town and would be a credit to a city many
times the size of Haywarl.

He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and in 1903 was
appointed to the board of supervisors in order to serve out the unex-
pired term of Joseph Pinentel — a period of two years -and was
subsequently elected and reelected for two terms of four years. He
acts as justice of the peace and has earned tiie general indorsement
of the public, for his decisions have always been fair and impartial.
Since January i, 1901, he has also been town recorder of Hayward.
He has shown himself able and faithful in the discharge of his public
duties, the people giving evidence of the confidence which they have
in him by continued reelections. Politically he is a republican,
active in the interests of his party and loyal to its principles. He

530 HISTORY OF ALA^IEDA COUNTY

belongs to Sycamore Lodge, I. O. O. F., Eucalyptus Lodge of
Masons and the Alameda Lodge of Elks. In ail his relations of life
Mr. Prowse has proven himself a valuable and useful citizen who is
ever readv to give his moral and material support to tiiose measures
which promise to be of beneht to his fellowmen.

HERBERT F. BROWN.

Among the manv qualities of mind and character which render
men useful and worthy citizens that of public spirit stands pre-
eminent, for it takes success beyond the ranks of individual benefits
and places it among valuable and important public assets. Gener-
ously endowed with this quality is Herbert F. Brown, who more
than any other individual has built up the city of Richmond, pro-
moting its civic, moral, industrial and financial development and
accomplishing along with his own prosperity a valuable work oi
public service. His name has come to be regarded as a synonym for
progress and advancement in the community whicii numbers iiim
foremost among its men of worth and substance.

Mr. Brown is a native of Wisconsin and came to California in
1889, engaging in the hardware business in Los Angeles and San
Francisco. He continued at this occupation until 1907, when he
came to Richmond, where lie has since been numbered among the
representative and valued citizens. His interests here have extended
to many fields touching closely the general good of the community,
a fact which is plainly evident from a list of his important accom-
plishments and his business connections. In 1907 he bought the New
Richmond addition of Hfty-nine lots, erected houses and later sold
the entire tract. He has the remarkable record of having since that
time put about thirty tracts of Richmond property upon the market.
He is a member of the Richmond Industrial Commission and served
two years as president of this organization, in the work of which he
still takes an active part. In August, igi2, he founded the ^^'este^n
States Porcelain Company of Richmond, w hicii under his able man-
agement as president and treasurer has become one of the most pros-
perous industrial concerns in the city. Mr. Brown is vice president
of the Mechanics Bank of Richmond, former president of the Sterl-
ing Fixture Company and of the Herbert F. Brown Company,
Incorporated. He has important banking interests in San Francisco,
was the organizer of the Calistoga National Bank of Calistoga

HISTORY OF ALAAIEDA COUNTY 531

and owns apartment houses and homes in Richmond valued at over
one hundred thousand dollars. He has the utmost faith in the future
of this city, a faith testified to by many investments and made
stronger by the successful completion of various projects of advance-
ment. A keen and resourceful business man, he has worked steadily
along lines of progress and growth with the result that many of the
most important business concerns in Richmond owe their founda-
tion to his initiative spirit and their continued prosperity to his
ability and insight.

HENRY GORDON McGILL, M. D.

Dr. Henry Gordon McGill, a successful physician and surgeon
of Livermore, has here practiced his profession continuously for the
past eleven years and has won an enviable reputation as a representa-
tive of his chosen calling. He is a native of Toronto, Ontario, his
birth having there occurred in 1862. His father, George McGill,
M. D., was also a native of that province and a banker in Ontario.

Henry G. McGill acquired his early education in a private
school and subsequently attended Trinity University and McGill
University of Montreal, studying medicine in both institutions. In
1883 he went to San Diego county, California, and for several years
resided on a large fruit ranch there, while later he purchased a small
ranch in Pomona, Los Angeles county. In 1887 he went to New
York city and there took a course in medicine, being graduated in
1890. Immediately afterward he located for practice in San Fran-
cisco and there followed his profession successfully until 1903, when
he came to Livermore, where he has maintained an office continu-
ously since. He has especially developed his ability as a surgeon
but does a general practice and is accorded a liberal and lucrative
patronage. He frequently contributes articles on case observations
to professional journals, and these have been widely read and are
recognized as of value to the fraternity. Dr. McGill has served as
health officer for the town of Livermore during the past eight years
and has long been numbered among the Icaiiing and able represen-
tatives of his profession in Alameda county.

In 1901, at Sunol Glen, Alameda county. Dr. McCiill was united
in marriage to Miss Jessie Carter, a native of this countv. i'liey
have one daughter, Adelaide. .Mrs. McGill takes an active part in
church and missionarv work ami is a valued member of the Ladies'

532 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

Aid Society. The Doctor also attends the Presbyterian church and
sings in its choir. He joined the Masonic fraternity when twenty-
one years of age and now belongs to Lodge No. 218, A. F. & A. M.,
to which he transferred his membership upon coming to Livermore.
He holds to high ideals not only in professional service but in citi-
zenship and in social relations, and his sterling manhood has gained
for him the warm and enduring regard of all with whom he has
come in contact.

HON. GEORGE C. PERKINS.

California has long been noted for the high standing and excep-
tional ability of its representatives in congress. In the list none is
more prominent, nor more deserving of the highest encomium than
George C. Perkins, one of the present United States senators from the
Golden State and a citizen of whom San Francisco is proud. None
of our representatives in the national legislature has been of greater
service, not only to the nation as a member of its governing body,
but to his state and to the Bay cities. In the preparations for the great
Panama-Pacific International E.xposition, when San Francisco will
be host to the world in celebration of the opening of the Panama
Canal, Senator Perkins has had a conspicuous and active part, while
his work in behalf of legislation desired and needed bv the stale has
been indefatigable and unusually successful.

Senator Perkins began life as a farmer boy, having been born at
Kcnnebunkport, Maine, August 23, 1839. His parents were in mod-
erate circumstances, but as a boy he received such education as was
olfcred in the winter seasons to those whose sons were compelled to
help on the farm at other times. When he was only thirteen years
old, however, he tired of life on the farm and went to sea. He shipped
before tlu' mast and for four years as a sailor visited various ports
and climes all over the world. He returned home for six months
wiien he w as in his seventeenth year and went to school, but returned
to the sea. Finally, in the fall of 1855, in the course of his journeyings
on the ocean, he arrived at San Francisco, on the clipper ship Galatea,
via Cape Horn, and went ashore to try his luck as a gold miner.

He went first to Sacramento and then on to Butte and Plumas
counties and for two years tried his fortunes at mining, but with in-
different success. Next he tried teaming and lumbering, then work-
in<r ill a store. Ambition within him was strong, and he refused to

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 535

be daunted by reverses. At last fortune favored him, and he invested
his savings in a ferry boat at Long Bar on the Feather river. Then he
built the Ophir flour mills, invested in mining enterprises and con-
structed sawmills, and the fruits of his labor and his unbounded
optimism were more plenteous. In 1872 he came to San Fran-
cisco and joined the firm of Goodall & Nelson, which was just
then becoming a power in ocean transportation circles. In 1876 he
purchased the interests of Christopher Nelson and the firm name be-
came Goodall, Perkins & Company, which at the present time is still
active and still a leading factor in the shipping industry on the Pacific
Coast. The firm was largely interested in the Pacific Whaling Com-
pany, which was the first to introduce steam whalers in the Arctic
trade; and also is connected with many large shipping enterprises, its
business operations extending all along the coast from Alaska to
Mexico and employing over two thousand men.

While the Senator has been prominent in the business affairs of
the community and in coast-shipping circles, it is as a public man in
active political life that he is best known. He is one of the state's
foremost republicans, and has always been a power in the councils of
his partv. From 1869 to 1876 he served in the state senate, being
elected both times from a democratic district. In 1879 he was elected
governor of the state by a majority of twenty-two thousand votes —
which majority at that time was surprising, the total population of the
state being considered. Following his retirement from the gov-
ernor's chair, he gave less attention to politics and devoted himself
more closely to his private business. In 1893, however, he was ap-
pointed by Governor Markham to succeed Senator Stanford, de-
ceased. Two years later he was chosen by the state legislature to serve
out the unexpired term, and in 1897 was reelected to the full term of
six years. In January, 1903, he was again reelected, receiving every
republican vote in the legislature and finally the unanimous vote, on
motion of a democratic member. Again in 1909 the people testified
their appreciation of his signal services by choosing him for another
term, which expires in 191c;. In 1Q12 he announced that he would
IK It again be a candidate tor reelection and that the only ambition
he had was to serve out his term to the satisfaction of the people of
California, who had so often honored him with their confidence. By
virtue of his faithfulness and ability, he having been absent but
twenty-three days, during the twenty-one years he has served while
congress was in session, and that being caused by sickness. Senator
Perkins has attained a high standing among his colleagues in the

536 HISTORY OF .•y:.AMEDA COUNTY

national upper house. He is a good speaker and well equipped to
diligently watch the interests of his state and city in the senate.

Senator Perkins is widely known as a philanthropist and is con-
nected with quite a number of charitable enterprises, including the
Boys' and Girls' Aid Society, of which he has been president for
twenty-seven years. He was for two years president of the San
Francisco Art Association, president of the Chamber of Commerce in
1878 and again in 1887, and has been a trustee of the Academy of
Sciences since 1886. He takes a deep interest in Masonry because of
its instructive and moral influence. He was grand junior warden of
the Grand Lodge of California in 1871; grand senior warden in
1872; deputy master in 1873; and grand master in 1874, by unani-
mous vote. In the Knights Templar he has held all the offices up to
grand commander, which he held in 1882 and during the triennial
conclave in San Francisco; while at the latter meeting he was elected
grand junior warden of the grand encampment of the United States.

Senator Perkins was married in 1864 at Oroville, California, to
Ruth A. Parker, and to them were born three sons and four daugh-
ters. And now in the evening of life, having passed the milestone of
three-score years and ten, Senator Perkins may well find cause for
justifiable pride in the fact that he has not only achieved success in a
material way, but has been of immeasurable service in his deeds and
actions as a public man, especially to his adopted state — California.

FRANCISCO IGNACIO DE LEMOS.

Francisco Ignacio de Lemos is one of the foremost and in point
of residence the oldest lawyer in Hayward. He is a representative
of the Portuguese nation, so many members of which have become
useful and substantial citizens of this state. He was born March
10, 1865, at Villa Nova, in the island of Terceira, in the Azores.

When about twenty-three years of age he crossed the ocean, land-
ing in New Bedford, Massachusetts, on September 20, r888. In
the latter part of October of the same year he made his arrival at
the Mission San Jose and there wrote for a Portuguese paper which
was published at that point and known as O Amigo dos Catholico?.
Being attracted to .Alameda county and Hayward by the opportuni-
ties of which he had heard so much, he came to this city a short time
later, arriving February 18, 1889, and entered the law othcc of the

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 537

late G. S. Langan in order to teach Mr. Langan Portuguese and re-
ceiving in exchange instruction in English and law. He imme-
diately took up his studies, which he unflaggingly pursued until he
was admitted to practice before the superior court of Alameda
county on June i6, 1894, and the supreme court on April 25, 1895.
In the preceding January he had become a partner of Mr. Langan
and continued in that association until November i, 1903, when the
partnership was dissolved by mutual consent. He immediately en-
,<i;aged in practice independently and has since continued to do so.
Mr. Lenios has a large and important clientele. He represents a
number of prominent commercial enterprises and has also been verv
successful in court work.

He is a director of the Bank of Hayward and also the Bank of
Centerville and for nineteen years has acted as a notary public. In-
terested in the cause of education, he has served as clerk of the board
of school trustees for five years, still holding that office. In the
spring of 19 14 he was chosen as one of a committee of Portuguese
from California to visit their native country in order to induce the
Portuguese government to participate in the Panama-Pacific Exposi-
tion. Since 1890 he has been a member of the U. P. E. C, a Portu-
guese society, and in 1896 and 1897 was supreme president of this
order. Ever since 1898 he has been secretary of its board of direc-
tors with the exception of one year. Mr. Lemos has been continu-
ously engaged in the active practice of law in Hayward longer than
any other lawyer, having established himself in 1894. Among his
countrymen he was also well known as proprietor of the Portuguese
paper which he conducted for about four years and which is now
known as O Arauto. In 1898 Mr. Lemos paid a visit to his native
land and was there married on September i, 1898, to Miss Adelaide
L. Cotta de Menezes, a native of the Azores, who for several years
prior to her marriage was a teacher. Thev have one son, F. Clemente,
who is attending the Hayward grammar school. Mr. and Mrs.
Lemos reside at No. 1272 B street in a handsome residence. In
1907 they, accompanied by their young son, took a trip to their native
land, deriving great pleasure from this visit.

Mr. and Mrs. Lemos are devout communicants of the Catholic
faith. For years he has been an adherent of the republican party
but lately has changed his allegiance to the progressive organization
and is actively interested in politics, doing much valuable work in a
quiet way, although he does not expect or seek political preference
in remuneration for his work. Fraternally he is a member of Cypress
Camp, W. O. W.; Alameda Lodge, No. 101 ,-, B. P. O. E . ; the

538 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Knights of Columbus; the Fraternal Order of Eagles; the Foresters
of America; and the I. D. E. S., a Portuguese society. He has held
office in all of these organizations. Mr. Lemos has become one of
the useful and public-spirited citizens of Alameda county and Hay-
ward. He has made many friends in the community in which he
resides, and all agree as to his high standards of manhood.

CHARLES WILLIAM HEYER.

Charles William Heyer, a leading representative of business and
political interests in Alameda county, of which he is a worthy and
honored native son, has served for four terms of four years each as
mayor of the town of Hayward, where diring the oast quarter of a
century he has been active in the control and one of the owners of one
of the largest steam beer breweries in the state outside of Oakland
and San Francisco. His birth occurred in Alvarado, Alameda
county, California, on the zid of April, 1866, his parents being
Julius and Caroline (Ubhoff) Heyer, both of whom were natives
of Germany. The father emigrated to the United States at an early
age and in 1857 made his way to California by way of the Isthmus
route. During his active business career he was successfully en-
gaged in the conduct of a brewery at Hayward, where he continued
to reside until called to his final rest in 1873. To him and his
wife were born two sons, namely: William, who is a resident of Hav-
ward ; and Charles W., of this review. The mother was married a
second time, becoming the wife of Leo Palmtag, also a brewer of
Hayward, by whom she has two children : Flora, the wife of Vincent
Strovel, who is engaged in business as a butcher of Hayward; and
Lena, who lives at home.

In the acquirement of an education Charles W. Hever attended
the graded and high schools of Hayward. At the age of sixteen
years he entered upon his business career in connection with a brew-
ery, in which he remained until 1889, when he became a partner of
his stepfather, Mr. Palmtag. This association was maintained with
mutual pleasure and profit throughout nearly twenty years. In
1905 Mr. Palmtag retired, and they then incorporated as the Palm-
tag & Heyer Brewing and Malting Company with Mr. Heyer as
manager. This business was so conducted until June, 1910, when
they consolidated with several Oakland breweries forming the
Golden West Brewing Company. Mr. Hcvct's hrcwcrv has since

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 539

been operated as a branch of that concern. Ever since consolidation
Mr. Heyer has served as treasurer of the Golden West Brewing
Company and manager of the Hayward branch.

Mr. Heyer is identified fraternally with the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, the Native Sons of the Golden West, the Foresters
of America, the Hermann Soehne and the Benevolent and Protec-
tive Order of Elks. He is known as a stalwart defender of democra-
tic principles and his influence has been a potent element in shaping
political interests of his city. He is a very active worker in the local
ranks of his party and has been sent as a delegate to county and state
conventions. For fourteen years he has served as a trustee of Hay-
ward and for four terms of four years each he was chosen mayor of
the city, his election being conceded by the opposition in each in-
stance before the returns from the polls had been received. He has
always given the town a businesslike, practical and progressive ad-
ministration, characterized by many measures of improvement and
value which contributed to the substantial advancement and looked
toward the best interests of the municipality. His entire life has
been spent in Alameda county and his record is that of one of its fore-
most, popular and most esteemed citizens. Mr. and Mrs. Heyer
enjoy the hospitality of the best homes of Hayward, and their own
household is noted for its attractive social functions.

THOMAS BARTLETT RUSSELL.

Thomas Bartlett Russell has contributed in various ways to the
development of Hayward and Alameda county, where he has im-
portant agricultural interests and also has been active in contracting
and building for some time. He was born December 1 1, 1861, on a
tract of the old Soto ranch near Hayward and is a son of Joel Rus-
sell, who settled there at an early day in the history of this county
and of whom extended mention is made in another part of this work.

Thomas B. Russell attended the public schools of Hayward and
subsequently entered the University of California, from which he
graduated in 1885 in mining engineering. He then took up the
profession of railroad engineering and followed this line of work in
various states for three or four years, returning at the end of that time
to Hayward, where he engaged in farming. He has since remained
active in that occupation. In 1895 Mr. Russell also took up con-
tracting and has erected several buildings which have added consider-

540 HISTORY OI- AI.AMF.DA CCJUXTY

ably to the beautification of Hayward. Among those structures is
the new high school, a handsome concrete structure which was com-
pleted in 1914. Mr. Russell has reached out in other fields of en-
deavor and was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of
Hayward, becoming its first president.

On the 4th of February, 1891, Mr. Russell married at Hayward,
Miss Lelia Smalley, a daughter of David S. Smalley, a pioneer of
Alameda county, and to this union were born four children: Maude
M.. attending the University of California; Thomas B., and Lloyd
S.. high school students; and Lelia Mildred.

Although Mr. Russell is not active in politics, he has ever loyally
discharged his citizen's duties. He is a progressive and leans toward
the prohibition party, interesting himself much in the betterment of
humanity and giving his support to all movements which are under-
taken in order to change conditions to the better. For many years he
has been a notary public and is at present secretary of the board of
library trustees, realizing the valuable influence which an institution
of this kind has upon the education of the masses. He has also served
for years as a member of the school board. Fraternally he is a mem-
ber of Eucalyptus Lodge, A. F. & A. M., having belonged to this
organization for thirty years and having held the office of worship-
ful master. He also belongs to Eden Parlcir of the Native Sons of
the Golden West.

HON. THO^L\S WILLLAM HARRIS.

Energy, executive ability and well directed ambition guided
and controlled by sound and practical judgment have constituted
the foundation upon which Hon. Thomas William Harris has built
his success and these qualities have brought him prosperity in busi-
ness, distinction at the bar and prominence in the official life of
Alameda county. He is known as a man of exceptional virility and
force who has shown marked fidelity to public trusts and has accom-
plished farsighted and capable work in his present position as judge
of the superior court.

Judge Harris is a native of Minnesota, born in Chatfield,
October 1, 1859. He is a son of William Harris, who moved to Cali-
fornia in 1867 before the completion of the trans-continental rail-
road, Mr. Harris of this review, being at that time eight years of
age. Responsibility came to him in his early years, for his father's

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 541

health was poor and the care of his parents and sisters fell to his
lot as tiie only son. His early education was acquired in numer-
ous county schools in the different towns where the family resided
and he afterward completed the grammar school course at Pleas-
anton, California. He supplemented this by a thorough course in
bookkeeping which he studied evenings. Following the completion
of his studies Judge Harris assisted his parents in various ways for
two years and then became his father's partner in the livery stable
business at Pleasanton. Being ambitious, energetic and quick to
recognize opportunity, he advanced steadily in the business world
and gradually became a prominent figure in commercial circles.
After he and his father sold their livery stable they bought a ware-
house business, and Mr. Harris, of this review, conducted this enter-
prise so successfully that he was later offered the position of manager
of the Chadbourne Warehouse Company in Pleasanton, retaining
this position for a period of eight years.

Judge Harris had been a notary public for some time and upon
resigning his position with the Chadbourne Warehouse Companv
took up the study of law with Judge W. H. Donahue of Alameda
county. He was admitted to the bar in 1897 ^^^ began the practice
of law at Pleasanton in the same year. Two years later he accepted
an appointment as deputy in the district attorney's office, and the
manner in which he conducted the cases which came under his super-
vision added materially to his reputation as a lawyer. His record
in this office and his high professional standing finally led to his
appointment by Governor Pardee in 1901; as judge of the superior
court. Judge Harris has held this responsible position since that
time and has made an excellent record, being known as a conscienti-
tious and painstaking judge who bases his decisions entirely upon
the law and equity of the case and is never influenced by motives of
personal interest. His conservative manner of administering justice
with strict regard for the law has given him the confidence of the
public, and the respect and esteem of all who are in any way asso-
ciated with him.

Judge Harris has been twice married. He wedded first on Octo-
ber 21, 1883, Miss Leta Neal of Pleasanton, who died in Oakland in
1903, leaving two sons: Neal, a graduate of the University of Cali-
fornia; and Myron, a student in the same institution, where he is a
well known athlete, having inherited his father's splendid physique.
Judge Harris' second marriage occurred February 11, 1909, when
he wedded Mrs. Mary E. Slipp of Oakland. During the course of
a long career in the public service Judge Harris has made steady

542 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

progress toward a position of distinction and he is today, not only
one of the most important members of the judiciary of the city, but
a well read lawyer of unusual attainments and a progressive, public-
spirited and loyal citizen.

ROBERT M. FITZGERALD.

Robert M. Fitzgerald, a leading attorney of Oakland, practicing
as senior partner of the firm of Fitzgerald, Abbott & Beardsley. was
born in San Francisco, California, in January, 1858, a son of Edward
and Catherine (Mullins) Fitzgerald. He acquired his preliminary
education in the country schools of Marin county and afterward at-
tended the public and high schools of Oakland, to which city the fam-
ily removed in 1874. Subsequently he entered the University of
California, from which he was graduated on the 23d of May, 1883,
with the degree of LL. B.

The same year he was admitted to the bar and at once opened an
office in Oakland, where he practiced with constantly increasing suc-
cess until 1900. In that year he became a member of the San Fran-
cisco law firm of Campbell, Fitzgerald, Abbott & Fowler. This
association was dissolved in 1905 and Mr. Fitzgerald and Mr. Ab-
bott continued in practice in San Francisco under the firm st\lc of
Fitzgerald & Abbott. After the fire they came to Oakland and in
1913 Mr. Beardsley joined the firm under the present name of Fitz-
gerald, Abbott & Beardsley. This is one of the leading law firms
of Alameda county, all of the partners being forceful and able mem-
bers of the bar. They have a large and distinctively representative
clientage. They are retained by many important corporations, among
which may be mentioned the Central National Bank and the Cen-
tral Savings Bank. They are receivers for the Union National Bank
in Oakland and are attorneys for the city of Oakland in its litigation
with the Contra Costa Water Company and the Peoples Water Com-
pany. For more than three decades Mr. Fitzgerald has been well
known at the bar of California and in a profession where advancement
depends entirely upon indiyidual merit he has made continuous
progress. He handles important legal questions with comparative
ease and finds ready solution for intricate and involved law prob-
lems. He is well known also in financial affairs as the vice presi-
dent of the Central National Bank of Oakland.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 543

In December, 1902, Mr. Fitzgerald married Miss Laura M.
Crellin, and they are parents of a son and a daughter. In social
circles of Oakland they are well known.

The extensive legal practice of Mr. Fitzgerald and his fraternal
and political associations have gained him a wide acquaintance
throughout the state. He gives his political allegiance to the demo-
cratic party and in 1889 became a member of Oakland's first board
of public works, while from 1895 until 1905. or for a period of ten
years, he served on the state board of prison directors. As a delegate
he has attended five of the national conventions of his party, in 1888,
1896, 1900, 1908 and 191 2, and has been a delegate to nearly every
state democratic convention since he began the practice of law. He
lias also held other positions of public trust and responsibilitv and is
equally prominent in fraternal and club circles. He is a past grand
president of the Native Sons of the Golden West, having been hon-
ored with the highest office of that organization in 1891 and 1892.
He is a member of the Bohemian, the Pacific-Union and the Athenian
Clubs and is also a member of the Claremont Country Club and the
Elks Club. Fortunate in possessing the ability and character which
inspire confidence, he has gained for himself a position of prominence
in professional, official and social circles, and his influence is always
given in support of whatever he feels will promote the best interests
of the communitv.

ELMER GRANT STILL.

Elmer Grant Still, editor and publisher of the Livermore Echo,
is a son of Wilber and Anne E. (Webb) Still, of whom mention is
made elsewhere in this volume, and was born in Livermore, May
24, 1880. He graduated from the Livermore grammar school in
1895 ^^ the head of his class and after attending high school for a
time rounded out his education with studies independently conducted
while employed in his father's newspaper office, and in October, 1904.
his father retired, and he assumed the management of the paper.

From the age of seventeen years he has made a study of the occult
and mental sciences. He is unbiased in his investigations and
believes and accepts no theory or impressions for which he cannot
find actual proof, preferring to cxphiin psychic phenomena by matter-
of-fact instead of spiritualistic premises. His object in pursuing
these studies is to find the e.xact and whole truth, without fear or

644 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

prejudice, in regard to the laws of nature governing these sciences
and to demonstrate how they may be made of great practical useful-
ness to mankind, in detective work, the diagnosis and cure of disease,
the treatment of criminals and the insane, avoidance of accidents,
etc. By means of his scientific investigations Mr. Still has discov-
ered an entirely new, but reliable and accurate, method of long-range
weather and earthquake forecasting, having demonstrated the possi-
bility of making such entirely accurate forecasts in numerous in-
stances, and is now seeking cooperation with capital to put the system
into regular operation, it being quite expensive. He has also evolved
a method of positively reforming criminals by means of phreno-mag-
netism and hypnotic suggestion combined with ordinarv methods,
the idea being to stimulate and thus gradually enlarge these portions
of the brain which tend to uprightness, higher ideals and love and
sympathy for one's fellowmen, thus giving them self-control over
the evil tendencies which, through heredity, prenatal influence and
environment, have become overdeveloped. It is through the old
and much-neglected study of phrenology that Mr. Still has made
these discoveries, in which he will endeavor to interest tiie world's
penologists and criminologists.

He has also made a scientific study of aeronautics, especially
aviation, and has written a number of articles on the improvement of
the aeroplane which have been published in such journals as London
Aeronautics, New York Aeronautics and the Scientific American.
Instead of patenting his discoveries in aviation he has concluded to
give them to the w'orld, explaining his ideas as to the safe and effi-
cient flying machine of the near future, which he is convinced will
be a "combined helicopter and back-stepped multiplane, with upper-
surface wind-deflectors, automatically downward-turning hinged
sections, right-angle, balance sets of variable-pitch propellers, and
sets of very narrow, variable-angle planes just in front of the heli-
copter and at each lateral side to the rear," for successfully coping
with "air-holes" and accomplishing hovering, slow and vertical
flight. He has patents pending on improvements in moving-picture
machines and film, reference-book indexes, phonographs, talking pic-
tures, two-cvcle engines, automatic block-signals, etc.

Mr. Still is also interested in lexicography and has contributed
to both the new Webster's and Funk & Wagnalls' dictionaries, furn-
ishing, under contract, clippings of some one thousand five hundred
new words and phrases, and in the igi;^ edition of tlie latter diction-
ary acknowleilgment of his services in making suggestions and cor-
rections is given in the preface.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 545

Although now an enthusiastic and successful newspaper man,
Mr. Still expects, in a comparatively short time, to devote prac-
tically all his time and energy to scientific research and invention.
He is an independent republican, reserving the right to support
any better-qualified candidate of another party and being always a
strong advocate of non-partisanship in county and municipal elec-
tions, which has now become a state law. He belongs to the Foresters
of America and is well known through fraternal and journalistic
connections, as well as through his scientific researches and investiga-
tions. He is a student of the signs of the times and the breadth of
his learning is indicated in the extent and variety of his connections
and activities.

ALBERT H. MERRITT.

Albert H. Merritt is vice president and general manager of the
Coast Manufacturing & Supply Company, doing business at Liver-
more, California. A spirit of unfaltering enterprise actuates him in
all that he undertakes and in his business affairs he quickly discrimi-
nates between the essential and nonessential. He was born in Quincv,
Illinois, in 1870, a son of James B. Merritt, now a retired capitalist
of Oakland, of whom more extended mention is made elsewhere in
this volume.

The nucleus of the companv of which Albert H. Merritt is now
the head was a little New England enterprise. The business was
founded in Connecticut in 1836 by Joseph Toy, who came from Eng-
land and settled at Simsbury, Connecticut, where he embarked in
business under the name of Toy, Bickford & Company. In 1868 a
branch of this business was established in California. Their plant
was located in what was then known as Fitchburg but is now a part
of Oakland. James B. Merritt assumed the management of the busi-
ness, wliicli he successfully conducted for thirty years. Following
the demise of his stepfather, Joseph Toy, the name of the company
was changed to the Ensign-Bickford Company. Prior to 1903 there
were in operation in and near Alameda county four independent
fuse manufactories. These were the Ensign-Bickford Company,
the California Fuse Works, the Western Fuse & Explosive Company,
and the Metropolitan Fuse & Match Company. This existing con-
dition was not productive of prospcritv for any of the parties con-
cerned and in tiiat vear Mr. Merritt together with otiicrs succeeded

546 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

in bringing about a consolidation of these interests, which resulted
in the organization of the Coast Manufacturing & Supply Com-
pany. All of the plants were operated for a time but one by one
the three smaller ones were closed and in their closing they were all
virtually merged into the one big enterprise. In the fall of 191 2 they
purchased a tract of one hundred and fifty acres at Trevarno, one
mile east of Livermore, to which their huge plant in Oakland was
removed in the summer of 1913 without the loss of a day's time,
and the whole move was made by motor truck, no part of the machin-
ery or equipment being sent by rail. The little town of Trevarno,
which has been upbuilt by this industry, embraces a group of twenty-
seven factory buildings, offices, several cottages for the foremen and
three handsome homes for the men who guide and promote the suc-
cess of the company.

As vice president and manager Albert H. Merritt is the sole head
and director of the company on the Pacific coast and his authority is
unquestioned. The secretarv is T. W. Morris and the technical rep-
resentative is Grant H. Todd. The output is confined exclusively
to one product, that of the Safety Fuse.

Mr. Merritt was an infant of but sixteen months when brought
to California. After mastering the regular educational course fur-
nished by the Oakland grammar and high schools he attended the
California Military Academy and later on the University of the
Pacific at San Jose, where he remained for two years. Immediately
afterward he became associated with the business of his father
was for thirty years the active head. He is remarkably well equipped
by experience and training for the conduct of the extensive and im-
portant enterprise that is now under his guidance. In the course of
his experience he has worked in every part of the factorv and under-
stands every phase of the industry. The machinery used in tiie plant
is not of a nature that can be purchased, so it has been improved on
and manufactured by Mr. Merritt in the company's plant. Since
the consolidation of the business in 1903 Mr. Merritt has been man-
ager and since 1905 has been vice president. He is a director of the
First National Bank of Livermore and a director of the Lutlier Bur-
bank Company, of which he was one of tiie organizers in 191 i and
1912. His judgment in business, his keen sagacity, his unfaltering
activity and determination arc valuable assets to the commercial
growth and development of the west.

In San Jose, on the ist of .August, 1S92, Mr. Merritt was married
to Miss Florence Huniham, a resident of Oakland, and they have a
son and daughter, Ralph and W'ra. Tlic former is a senior in tlie

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 547

University of California. He has been very active in athletics and
has won high honors in rowing ever since his freshman year.

In his political views Mr. Merritt is an earnest republican. He
served as a member of the school board of the Fremont high school
district from the time the Fremont district was organized until the
annexation and was president of the board at the time of the erec-
tion of the Fremont high school. He also served for three terms as
a member of the board of the Lockwood school. Aside from his
activity along educational lines he has neither sought nor desired
public office, although an active worker for the party. For many
years he attended both county and state conventions.

He is very prominent in Masonic circles and is a life member of
the various branches of the order with which he is now connected.
He belongs to Oakland Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; is a past high priest
of Oakland Chapter, R. A. M.; and past vice illustrious master of
Oakland Council, R. & S. M. He has been past grand master of the
council of the state of California and is a member of Oakland Com-
mandery and a past commander of De Molay Council of the thir-
tieth degree of the Scottish Rite. He likewise belongs to the Knights
Commander of the Court of Honor of the Scottish Rite and to
Aahmes Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is a past patron of
Golden Wave Chapter of the Eastern Star, of which his wife is a
past matron. He is a member of Cherry Camp, W. O. W., of San
Leandro, and of iVlameda Lodge, No. 1015, B. P. O. E. For years
he has been a member of the Manufacturers Committee of the Oak-
land Chamber of Commerce and is a cooperant factor in the well
formulated plans of that organization for the upbuilding, develop-
ment and improvement of the city. Contemporaries and colleagues
speak of his business ability in high terms and are equally cordial in
their indorsement of him as a man and citizen.

ZACHARL\H MONTGOMERY.

Amongst the early pioneers of California none stand out more
prominently for honesty, integrity and ability than Zachariah Mont-
gomery, better known to the early settlers of California as "Zach"
Montgomery.

Mr. Montgomery was born on the 6th of March, 1S25, near
Bardstown, Nelson county, Kentucky. He came by inheritance to
those qualities which distinguished liis c\'cntful career, being the

548 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

descendant of a Norman family that accompanied William the Con-
queror to England. According to tradition it is two hundred years
since the Montgomerys came over to America with Lord Baltimore
and settled in Maryland, later descendants following the westward
trend of population and locating in Kentucky.

Zachariah Montgomery died in the city of Los Angeles. Cali-
fornia, September 3, 1900.

He was educated at St. Mary's and St. Joseph's colleges in his
native state and graduated from the last named institution with high
honors. In i<S5o he was admitted to the practice of law in Kentucky
and July 31, 1850, crossed the plains to California. On reaching
California he essayed the occupation of a miner but shortly after-
ward took up the practice of law in which profession he continued
with but little intermission until the close of his brilliant and honor-
able career.

In the early 50's he married Ellen Evoy who together with her
mother was an early pioneer of the state of California. Mrs. Mont-
gomery is a true type of the heroic women who crossed the plains to
the wild and unknown West and are the mothers of the builders of
this great and incomparable state. The fruit of this marriage was:
John J. Montgomery, who became afterwards noted as an early
pioneer in aerial navigation and a scientist of world wide renown;
Zachariah Montgomery, who died in infancy; Mary C. Mont-
gomery; Margaret Montgomery; Rose Montgomery, who died in
infancy; Richard Montgomery, who has been prominently identified
with the development of the city of Oakland ; Jennie E. Montgomery;
and James P. Montgomery, an attorney who has been actively iden-
tified in the civic uplift of his native city, Oakland.

In the early history of California Zachariah Montgomery was an
active and vigilant worker for the interests of his state as well as the
interests of the entire country. He was elected to the assembly of
California in the early 5(Vs and was one of the stalwart figures in
this great state in the development of its laws and in the formulating
of its destinies. Mr. Montgomery was a strong democrat and a fear-
less and conscientious supporter of all that tended to the uplift of his
adopted state. In 1884 he was called upon by G rover Cleveland to
act as assistant attorney general of the United States and in this office
performed invaluable services for his country and stood as a bulwark
against the greed and a\aricc of corruptionists in tiicir endeavor to
make way with the public lands.

As a man his word was never questioned; as a lawver lie enjoved
national reputation; as an orator he had few e(]uals; and in his pass-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 549

ing away his adopted state and his country lost a brilliant statesman,
a great orator and a man on whose tomb might well be written the
word "Just."

JAMES P. MONTGOMERY.

The subject of this sketch is the youngest son of Zachariah M(jnt-
gomery, whose fame as a lawyer and statesman was nation-wide, and
a brother of the late Professor John J. Montgomery of Santa Clara
College whose advancements in the world of science gave him a
position and recognition equal to that which his father had held in
jurisprudence and civil government.

James P. Montgomery was born March i, 1865, in the city of
Oakland, where he attended the Christian Brothers School in his
boyhood, afterward attending St. Ignatius College in San Francisco,
and Santa Clara College, and finally completing his college course,
including a course in law, in 1889, in the University of Georgetown,
District of Columbia.

After completing his collegiate education he returned to his
native state and engaged in the practice of law in partnership witli
his father, first in San Diego and later in Los x\ngeles. In 1 S97,
allured by the call of the Klondyke gold fields, he gave up for a
while his professional career, in which he had already gained con-
siderable distinction, and undertook the pursuit of gold mining which
he followed for the next ten years, and in which he frankly con-
fesses he acquired much more experience than wealth. In Decem-
ber, 1907, he returned to his native city and resumed the profession
of law, demonstrating by his success and his devotion to the profes-
sion in its higher and broader aspects, not only the ability of man
trained in the profession to make good after ten years spent in other
pursuits, but also that he himself is "a chip of the old block" of
whom his distinguished father, if still living, might well feci proud,

Mr. Montgomery is known throughout his native county, Ala-
meda, and far beyond its boundaries as a progressive citizen, active
in every movement for the uplift of society and the promotion of
civic virtue and public welfare, and fearless in his stand for the
right upon all questions affecting the public weal regardless of par-
tisan or personal considerations. He was chosen as a member of the
board of freeholders who framed the present charter of Oakland
and during the deliberations of that body lie was indefatigable in

550 IIISTOR^' OF ALAMRDA COUNTY

his efforts to embody in it the reforms which the general advance-
ment of the city had made necessary, and from the time of its adop-
tion he has been one of the most alert and active among those who
have shown a determination to see that the charter should be lived up
to and enforced in its spirit as well as in its letter. Among the many
improvements in civic development for which the charter opened the
way, and which have received special help from Mr. Montgomery,
may be mentioned the anne.xation of the district east and southeast of
the city, the provision of playgrounds in various sections of the city
and the recent election for an issue of bonds to complete the Audi-
torium. In all of these matters he put his shoulder to the wheel in
aid of the city administration, and to his efforts as much as to those
of any other individual the people owe the success that was achieved
in each case.

Though he has been a fearless and sometimes a severe critic of
the management of the city government, he has been at all times ready
to give the administration the heartiest and best support of his abili-
ties when its policy has seemed to move in the direction of higher
ideals and better service to the people.

ILO RAFENEL AIKIN. M. D.

Dr. Ilo Rafenel Aikin, a practicing physician of Oakland, was
born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, May 26, 1876, a son of N. J. and
Edna J. (Gates) Aiken, the former a native of the state of New York
and the latter of Canada. The father passed away many years ago,
but the mother survives and now makes her Iiomc in Oakland.

Dr. Aikin was a lad of twelve years when he arrived in the city
where he now resides. He acquired his education in the public
schools of Grand Rapids and of Oakland, pursuing the high-school
course here. He entered upon the study of medicine in the Hahne-
mann Medical College at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and com-
pleted his course in the Hahnemann Medical College of the Pacific
at San Francisco, winning the degree of M. D. in 1898. He then
practiced for a few months and in February, 1899, at the opening of
the Masonic home at Decoto, was appointed medical superintendent
of that insitution and continued in that capacity for five years. He
ne.xt accepted the position of chief surgeon for the Miller Planta-
tion Company at Cautotolapan. in the state of \'era Cruz. Mexico,
where he continued for one vcar. Returning to C^ilifornia, he located

TTISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 553

at Niles, Alameda county, where he practiced for eight months and
then went to New York city, where he pursued a post-graduate course
for six months. On the expiration of that period he returned to Oak-
hmd, where he entered upon practice, continuing active in the pro-
fession in this city to the present time. He has built up an extensive
practice and his increasing ability enables him to successfully cope
with many of the difficult and intricate problems which continually
confront the physician.

In Oakland, in the fall of 1907, Dr. Aikin was married to Miss
Annie Welling, of Troy, New York, and they have become parents
of two sons, Ilo Rafenel and John Stewart. The parents attend the
Episcopal church and Dr. Aikin holds membership in Oakland
Lodge, No. 171, B. P. O. E. His political support is given to the
republican party, although he is not an active worker in party ranks.
Along strictly professional lines his membership is with the Alameda
County, the California State and the American Medical Associations,
and thus he keeps in touch with the advanced thought of the profes-
sion and with the latest scientific research and investigation. He
makes his professional duties his first interest and is a most conscien-
tious and capable practitioner of medicine.

E. NELSON MABREY.

E. Nelson Mabrey has for a number of years been connected with
educational work in Hayward. He is supervising principal of tiic
Hayward school, having held that position since 1906, and has not
only proven himself a most successful teacher but also a man of re-
markable executive force, who deals strictly with teachers and pupils,
at the same time maintaining the most harmonious spirit in his
school. He was born Friday, December 13, 1867, at Eagletown,
Indiana, and it seems that this day was for him a particularly lucky
omen, for, like President Wilson, he has ever since considered the
thirteenth as a day on which the stars would be most favorable to
iiim. His parents were James M. and Sarah Melvina (Hoskins)
Mabrey, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of
Ohio. The father enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and I-'irst
Indiana Volunteers, Captain Jay commanding and served in tlic
Cixil war. for two vcars and eleven months. He died in tlie latter
part of 1870.

554 HISTORY OF ALA]\IEDA COUNTY

H. Nelson Mabrey came with his mother and brother in January,
iS<Si, to California, the family establishing their home near Chico,
Butte county- In December, 1886, when only nineteen years of age
he began to teach school, continuing so for some time. In the fall
of 1897 he entered Leland Stanford, Jr., University, graduating from
that famous school in June, 1901, with the degree of Bachelor of
Laws. In July, 1906, he received a call to accept the principalship
of the Hayward school, being then at tiie head of the Eldorado
county high school, which he organized. During the seven years
in which he has had charge of the Hayward school he has introduced a
number of new studies and has made other changes in the system
which have been of the utmost value to the school. He introduced
the study of domestic birds — those of the neighborhood — the work
being continued in the grades up to and including the high fourth.
The fish and game commission of California pronounced this work
superior to any which was done in the state in the preservation of bird
life. A cabinet of two hundred birds has been collected during the
last six and a half years. The commission form of government was
established among the pupils of the school nearly three years ago
and "Daddy" George said that he had witnessed no finer government
on his western trip. The interest in this government is largely stimu-
lated by principal Mabrey and the pupils take the greatest interest
in that work. Those who are officers wear beautifullv designed
badges to designate their rank. Departmental work among the more
advanced grades was inaugurated seven years ago and has been a
very great success in almost every way. Expert service has been the
result, as each teacher now instructs in just one particular subject.
A veritable art gallery has also come into existence. In less than
seven years there have been placed in the building: one hundred and
sixty-six reproductions of the world's best paintings; fifty feet of
plaster frieze, representing Alexander the Great's Triumphal March
into Babylon; twelve plaster busts; a representation of the victory
of Samothrace; a winged Mercury on a Roman pedestal ; two Gothic
pedestals; a brass tablet in honor of the principal's energy and en-
thusiasm; an exquisite picture of the Mission of San Juan Capistrano.
which was hung in honor of Miss Clara E. Ketelsen. the vice prin-
cipal; and four jardinieres of great artistic value. The above men-
tioned collection has cost over fifteen hundred dollars and it is said
that this sum represents about three-fourths of the actual retail value.
Under the enthusiastic leadership of Professor Mabrey the Hay-
ward school has become one of the best of its kind in the state accord-
ing to the judgment of eminent educational authorities, among them

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 555

superintendent of schools, George W. Frick. The school is credited
with having completely satisfied the county board of education. Al-
though many of the measures which were considered sound by Mr.
Mabrey were first strongly opposed, he went ahead undauntedly and
after years of forward movement he has now the satisfaction of hav-
ing realized his ideas and ideals and having proven their value to
those doubting Thomases who are to be found at any time and any-
where and who will never depart from the grooved road of habit and
who will never acknowledge that any new ideas are of value until
confronted with results.

E. Nelson Mabrey married on August 23, 1887, in Biggs, Butte
county, California, Miss Mattie Streeter, a native of the Golden state
and a daughter of Daniel Streeter, a pioneer of Biggs. In their
family are two children: Charles Streeter, of Sacramento; and
Harold Monroe, attending the State Normal School in Oregon. Mrs.
Mabrey is deeply interested in charitable and betterment work and
is financial secretary of the Hill and Valley Club. Not only has
Professor Mabrev contributed to educational advancement, but he
has ever taken an active part in other forward movements which
make for a higher plane of intellectuality and for a better citizenship.

Dr. W. A. SEHORN

Dr. W. A. Sehorn, town trustee of San Leandro, was born in
Richmond, Virginia, September i, 1858, and after pursuing his studies
in public and high schools took up the study of dentistry at Stanton
University in Richmond, Virginia. In 1877 he went to Texas, where
he remained for a short time, and in 1879 he removed to Princeton,
California, where he engaged in the practice of his profession for five
years. He next located at Red BlufY, where he remained for only a
brief period, and in 1886 he took up his abode at Glen Willows, where
lie established the Willows Journal, the first newspaper ever pub-
lished in that town. Dr. Sehorn continued as proprietor and editor
for twelve years, but then went to San Francisco, where he resumed
the practice of dentistry. He was not long in building up a good
business and continued there until the fire of 1906, having his offices
in the Press Club building. He next removed to San Leandro, where
he entered upon active practice, but is now living retired. For an
extended period he ranked with the leading representatives of his
profession in this part of the state and his pronounced ability and

556 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

skill won him high standing in the regard of his professional brethren,
as well as an extensive practice. Dr. Sehorn now has important
business connections through his investments. He is a director in the
Los Angeles Development Company, which holds a large tract of
farming land that is being subdivided as sites for small homes. His
investments have been carefully made and his success has resulted
largely therefrom.

Throughout his entire life Dr. Sehorn has been a stalwart demo-
crat, and his political activity dates from the time when at Red Bluff
he was captain of the Cleveland and Hendricks Guards. At the time
of the Lane-Pardee contest for the governorship of California Dr.
Sehorn purchased and published the Vallejo Times. The town of
Vallejo has always been strongly republican, but the strenuous efforts
of Dr. Sehorn turned the tables and secured a large democratic vic-
tory. His editorials were logical and his clear reasoning and thor-
ough understanding of the situation, together with his clear and con-
cise expression of opinions, constituted a most potent force in swerv-
ing public thought. In the furtherance of the cause he published
an "extra" every afternoon, which was largely responsible for the
success of the campaign at Vallejo and through that region. He has
been present at every state convention of his party since the celebrated
Stockton convention. Dr. Sehorn was also an active force in politics
while residing in San Francisco and in 1914 was elected town trustee
of San Leandro with a majority of two hundred and ten.

In San Francisco was celebrated the marriage of Dr. Sehorn and
Miss Ethel Hayes, of San Jose, California. His religious faith is
that of the Catholic church. His life is one of untiring activity in
support of any cause, business, political or otherwise, with which he
is connected, and his efforts have been notably resultant.

O. F. OLSEN.

O. F. Olsen, now living in Sacramento, was formerlv the man-
ager of the Oakland store conducted by the John Brenner Cnmpany
of Sacramento, dealers in house furnishings, and bv virtue of this
responsible position and the force of his ability, enterprise and dis-
crimination was one of the foremost business men of Oakland. Dur-
ing the entire course of Iiis active career he has been associated with
this concern and has risen steadily through successive stages of prog-
ress and advancement to a place of prominence in its affairs.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 557

Mr. Olsen is a native of San Francisco and when still a young
man entered the employ of the John Brenner Company of Sacra-
mento, applying himself to his duties conscientiously and assiduously
and learning the business in principle and detail. He was gradu-
ally advanced through the various departments as his ability became
known and recognized until he finally held the important office of
manager of the Sacramento store. The John Brenner Company
deals in all kinds of household furnishings and is prepared to furnish
a home from top to bottom. There are three stores, in Sacramento,
San Francisco and Oakland, and the company controls an important
and growing patronage. It is the exclusive agent for the Gustav
Stickley Craftsman furniture made in Syracuse, New York, and is
interested besides in many other lines of house furnishings. The
business is managed along the most progressive and modern lines.
The directors of the company believe in advertising and they give
away each year a fine lot and a new bungalow to one of their cus-
tomers. There is a combination mattress factory, warehouse and
garage in Alameda and there all the mattresses sold by the concern
are manufactured and all the upholstery work done. The John
Brenner Company is one of the largest and best known institutions
of its kind in California and its policy is one of development and
advancement, nothing being neglected which will aid in the expan-
sion of the business or promote its rapidity of growth.

In 1906 the John Brenner Company decided to open a branch
store in Oakland and, recognizing Mr. Olsen's excellent administra-
tive and organizing ability and his detailed knowledge of the busi-
ness, selected him as manager of the enterprise. Their choice proved
an excellent one for under Mr. Olsen's able direction the Oakland
store became the most profitable of all the branches, furnishing em-
plovment to one hundred persons in the store and warehouse. In
eonnection with the retail business Mr. Olsen conducted a house-
rental department and was thus enabled to keep in touch with the
newcomers who intended to make their home in Oakland. He
studied modern business conditions and did everything in his power
to cooperate with his employes for their mutual benefit, organizing
a Mutual Aid Society. This brought liim in close touch with his
employes and proved a measure of great benefit in fostering a whole-
some social life among them and enabling them to provide for their
needs in case of sickness or death.

Mr. Olsen is a member ol ihc Atlienian, p:iks and Commercial
Clubs and fratcrnallv is connected with tiie Masonic order, holding
membership in tiic Slirinc. While a resident <il Oakland he took an

558 HISTORY OF AJ^AMEDA COL-NTY

energetic part in the promotion of all progressive movements and
was a powerful individual factor in municipal growth and expan-
sion. He served at one time as a director of the Chamber of Com-
merce and his cooperation can always be counted upon to further
projects of permanent community interest. He is preeminently a
business man and he possesses the integrity, the aggressiveness and
the keen insight necessary for success along business lines. With
true administrative skill he founded and developed in Oakland a
large and profitable commercial concern and built it up along true
economic lines, making it a source of profit to the company and a
valuable addition to the industrial resources of the city.

FREDERICK DELGER.

A pioneer of Alameda county, a man who by his own initiative,
hard work and good judgment in real estate investments made a
marked financial success was Frederick Delger. Born in Sa.xony,
Germany, March 1 1, 1822, he spent his early manhood in his native
land. In 1847 he came to America, remaining for a time in New
York city, where in 1848 he was united in marriage with Miss Ernes-
tine Blecher. In 1852, with his wife and one child, he started for
California by way of Cape Horn, reaching San Francisco, January
7, 1853.

Being a hard worker and thrifty Mr. Delger accumulated enough
money to enable him, in 1855, to open a retail shoe store for himself,
and soon thereafter a second one and later a branch store in Sacra-
mento. His business prospered and a few years later, selling out the
retail stores, he opened, and for a while conducted, a wholesale shoe
business. In the meantime he began the purchase of real estate in
San Francisco and in i860 made quite an extensive investment in
real estate in Oakland. These several purchases proved to have been
wisely selected and by the development of the two cities greatly
increased in \aluc. In i860 he moved his residence to Oakland and
thereafter until his decease that city was his home. He subdivided
and improved his real-estate holdings and thus materially aided in
the expansion of his home city, and business blocks of both San
Francisco and Oakland still bear his name.

Possessed of benevolence of character, he gave to many worthy
objects, among which may be mentioned the Fabiola Hospital and
The Altenhcim, to which he and his wife contributed liberally.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 559

To Mr. and Mrs. Delger were born four children : Mrs. Matilda
Brown and Mrs. Annie MoUer, both of Oakland; Edward F. Del-
ger, of San Francisco; and Mrs. Lillian D. Powers, now residing
abroad. At the age of seventy-six, on April 25, 1898, Mr. Delger's
life work ended. He was survived by his widow until January 5,
1008.

CHARLES H. WENTE.

The name of Charles H. Wente has come to be regarded as
synonymous with development and progress in Alameda county, for
not only is he one of the most successful and progressive vineyardists
in this part of the state but his varied interests have also touched
closely many phases of financial and commercial development. He
was born in Germany in 1851 and grew up on his father's farm there,
taking charge of the property in partnership with his older brother
when he was eighteen years of age. He acquired his education in
the public schools of his native country.

Charles H. Wente came to the United States in his early man-
hood and after one year of travel settled in California in 1882. For
a short time he worked as a farm hand and later moved to Napa
county, where he was employed in one of the first vineyards in that
localitv. In the interests of his employer he laid out a large vine-
yard, and he continued this occupation in the employ of others for
three years thereafter. At the end of that time he came to Livermore
and bought an interest in fifty acres of vineyard land belonging to
Dr. Benard. Before the latter's death, in 1887, they made ten thou-
sand gallons of wine in one year, and after Dr. Benard passed away
Mr. Wente with his two new partners increased the capacity of the
enterprise steadily, setting out more vines year by year. In 1806
Mr. Wente purchased four hundred and forty-si.x acres and in the
following vear set out upon this property one hundred acres in vines.
In iqoi he purchased his partners' interests and has operated tiiis
L-nterprise alone since that time, owning today one thousand acres of
iaiid, three hundred acres being set out to vineyards. He has a plant
the capacity of which is half a million gallons of wine and for the
better disposal of his property purchased in 1908 the business con-
trolled by the Napa & Sonoma Wine Company, of San Francisco,
of which he is now president and majority stockholder.

Mr. Wente is also well known in financial circles, having extcn-
si\e and important connections along this line. He was one of the

560 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

organizers of the Livermore V'alley Bank, founded in 1905, with a
capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars. He was made vice-
president of this concern, holding this position until 1907, when tlie
enterprise was reorganized as the First Naitonal Bank of Livermore
with Mr. Wente as president, an office which he occupies at tiie
present time. At the time of the reorganization of the First National
Bank Mr. Wente also established the Livermore Valley Savings Bank
in connection with it and is at the head of this concern also. The
combined resources of the two banks are seven hundred and fifty
thousand dollars and the capital stock of the Savings Bank is twenty-
five thousand dollars and of the First National Bank fifty thousand
dollars. Mr. Wente was the organizer of the Farmers Warehouse
Company in Livermore and resigned as treasurer of this concern after
a number of years of able service in order to establish the Independent
Warehouse Company, in which he still owns an interest. He con-
trols a large brick yard in Livermore, being president of the only fire
brick plant in this region, and he is a director and was one of the
organizers of the Vulcan Fire Insurance Company of Oakland. He.
with several others, founded the Livermore Valley Building & Loan
Association, and he has been a director therein from its organization.
He was one of three men who established the Masonic Hall Associa-
tion of which he is president. The building together with the lot
cost twenty-seven thousand five hundred dollars, and is the finest
edifice in Livermore. Thus it may be seen that his interests are ex-
tensive, varied and important, and they are conducted always in a
progressive, farsighted and intelligent manner so that he stands today
among the men of power and prominence in this locality.

Mr. Wente married Miss Barbara Troutwein, a native of Ger-
many but a resident of Oakland at the time of her marriage. Mr.
and Mrs. Wente have become the parents of seven children: Ida
May and Caroline H., at home; Charles F., assistant cashier of the
First National Bank of Livermore; E. A., who is in the wine busi-
ness in association with his father and acts as manager of the vine-
yard; Herman L., attending the University of California; and Freda
B. and Hillman, who are attending school. Mr. Wente is a member
of the Masonic fraternity and is identified also with the Sons of
Herman and the Grape Growers Association. His home located
two miles from Livermore is called the Benard Vineyard. In 1913
he purchased the famous Oak Spring Vineyard which is situated
just across from his home and which has been noted for nianv vcars
because of tlic fine spring which afiforded a watering place for the
manv travelers who went from San Jose to Stockton, from Stockton

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 561

to Oakland, etc., on horseback. He holds a high place in business
circles of Alameda county and his integrity, enterprise and ability
have made him widely known and greatly respected.

JUDGE WILLIAM H. WASTE.

Ambition, energy and a progressive spirit, combined with a true
sense of the dignity and meaning of the law and of the value and
benefit of its aims and purposes, have brought Judge William H.
Waste to a position of prominence and distinction at the bar of Cali-
fornia and to a place of honor on the bench. For many years he has
assisted materially in the development of Alameda county and his
public services have been especially important as judge of the superior
court to which he was appointed by Governor Pardee on the 13th of
April, 1905.

California numbers Judge Waste among her honored native sons,
his birth having occurred on a farm in the vicinity of Chico, Butte
county, October 31, 1868. His parents were John Jackson and Mary
C. (Mcintosh) Waste, the former a native of New York and the
hitter of Kentucky. The father was a true California pioneer, for
he crossed the plains in 1851, riding a fine thoroughbred Kentucky
horse and carrying his rifie on the pommel of his saddle. He acted
as hunter and guide for an emigrant train which was over three
months in making the trip, and after his arrival in California he
settled in Sutter's Fort, whence he removed to Princeton, Colusa
county, where he engaged in general farming and stock-raising. He
followed the same occupations after he removed to Chico, Butte
county, and was a prosperous and prominent agriculturist at the time
of his death w'hich occurred in 1882. His wife has also passed away.

In the acquirement of an education Judge Waste attended public
school in his native community and supplemented this by a course in
the University of California, from which institution he received a
degree of Ph. B. in 1891. He had determined to make the practice
of law^ his life work in pursuance of this ambition he entered Hast-
ings Law school in San Francisco, graduating with the degree of
LL.B. in 1894. During his law student days he was also interested
in journalism, acting as a reporter on the San Francisco Examiner,
the San Francisco Chronicle and the Oakland Tribune and Times.
After he was admitted to the bar he began tlic practice of his pro-

562 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

fession in Oakland, there securing a large and representative clientage
and there remaining until he came to Berkeley where he has since
remained an honored, active and loyal citizen.

Judge Waste stands high in the councils of the local organization
of the republican party and has had a distinguished and successful
political career. He was elected to the state assembly from the fifty-
second district in 1902, his able work winning him reelection in 1904.
On the 13th of April in the following year he was appointed by
Governor Pardee Judge of the superior court and he has since served
in that capacity, dignifying and elevating the high office he holds.
He has proved his fitness for the position by eight years of straight-
forward, successful and beneficial work, his decisions being always
just, impartial and in accordance with both the principles of humanity
and the requirements of the law. His work has been constantly con-
structive, beneficial and far-reaching in its efifects and is destined to
form a part of the judicial history of California.

A man of broad views, modern ideas and well developed powers
Judge Waste has not confined the field of his activities to his heavy
and responsible professional and public duties, his interests extend-
ing to anything which he deems will promote the growth and de-
velopment of the city or the best interests of its citizens. It was
through his influence in the legislature that the appropriations for a
large state building at the University of California were secured and
he secured also an appropriation for an agricultural building which,
however, was not erected owing to lack of funds. He was the or-
ganizer and first president of the Holmes Library Association of
Berkeley to which Mr. Carnegie contributed forty thousand dollars
for the erection of a building, and he has identified himself closely
with various important business enterprises, acting as attorney for
the First National Bank, the Homestead Loan Association of Berke-
ley and the Berkeley Bank of Savings and Trust Company.

Judge Waste married in Berkeley on the i6th of September, 1896,
Miss Mary Ewing, a daughter of Archibald and Rowena (Taylor)
Ewing, natives of Virginia, judge and Mrs. W^iste have two chil-
dren, William E. and Eugenia Mcintosh. Fraternally Judge Waste
belongs to the Masonic order, holding membership in Durant Lodge,
A. F. & A. M. of Berkeley, of which he is past master; Berkeley
Chapter, No. 92, R. A. M.; Berkeley Commandery, No. 42, K. T. ;
and Aahmes Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He is identified also with
Berkeley Parlor. N. S. G. W., and Peralta Camp, W. O. W. He is
one of the prominent and well known members of the Methodist
Episcopal church and is an active religious worker, contrihutinir

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 563

liberally to the support of the church and its charities. He has served
as president of the Young Men's Christian Association of Berkeley
and is prominent in the Epworth League. The excellent qualities of
his character, his high integrity and righteousness, have molded his
destiny along honorable lines, bringing him professional success, per-
sonal prominence and public distinction — all worthily won and wisely
used.

HON. WILLIAM S. WELLS.

Hon. William S. Wells, who is at present presiding in depart-
ment 4 of the superior court of Alameda county, enjoys the distinc-
tion of being the first superior judge in the county to receive the
republican nomination for that office direct from the people, he, hav-
ing on the i6th of August, 1910, received a handsome majority at
the primaries. Judge Wells was born in Fairfield, Solano county,
California, June 24, r86i. He comes from old New England stock
and has inherited the qualities that generally lead to success. His
father, William S. Wells, was a native of Maine and came to Cali-
fornia in January, 1850, and was one of the sturdy pioneers who
helped to make California what it is today. The father settled in
Solano county and practiced law there and later in San Francisco.
He was a resident of Oakland at the time of his death, which occurred
on Christmas Day, 1878.

Judge Wells acquired his preliminary education in the public
schools and later entered St. Augustine College at Benicia, subse-
quently completing his studies at the University of California. He
V. as admitted to the bar of the state in 1884 and began the practice
of his profession in Contra Costa county with almost immediate
success. He received the appointment of assistant district attorney
of Contra Costa county in 1886, and his record in that office led to
his appointment as judge of the superior court in that county Janu-
ary 26, 1899, iri place of Joseph P. Jones, deceased. Judge Wells
was afterward elected to fill the unexpired term and again for a
full term which expired in January, 1909. In April of the same
vear he was appointed to the superior court of Alameda county upon
the passage of the law, creating an additional judge in this county
and since assuming office he has won the approval and respect of the
community for his fair disposition and just rulings. .As a judge of
the probate department of the superior court, where many compli-

564 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

cated and intricate points of law are coming before him, he has shown
a comprehensive and exact knowledge of the underlying principles
of his profession and a sound judgment which only long experience
and careful study can produce.

On the 4th of November, 1885, Judge Wells was united in mar-
riage to Miss Ella O'Neil and he has two children: William S.
Wells, Jr., a graduate of the University of California, now practicing
law in Oakland; and Ella M., a graduate of Miss Head's school.
Both are married. Judge Wells is prominently known in fraternal
circles, being past grand master of Masons of California, a member
of Oakland Lodge, No. 171, B. P. O. E., and belonging to the Wood-
men of the World. He is prominent socially in Oakland, and his
sterling worth and many excellent qualities of mind and character
have brought him a wide and representative circle of friends.

WILLIAM HENRY PARRISH.

The years which covered the active business career of William
Henry Parrish chronicled his success as the result of determined and
persistent purpose, close application and indomitable energy, for he
started out without influence and by his executive ability and genius
for organization built up in Oakland what is still the largest teaming
and draying establishment in the city. He is also entitled to repre-
sentation in this volume as a veteran of the Civil war.

Mr. Parrish was born in McHenry county, Illinois, January 24,
1841, and was a son of Ransom and Adelia (Lowell) Parrish, natives
of New York. The father came to California about the year 1862
and in this state secured employment as a carpenter and mechanic.
Soon afterward he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, set-
tling on a farm in Sonoma county, where he remained until ill health
compelled him to retire. He then moved to Oakland, dying at the
home of his son in this city at the age of sixty-seven, having survived
his wife for six months. Of their children Malinda died at the age
of nineteen and Norman, also deceased, owned the California plan-
ing mill in San Francisco for a number of years.

William Henry Parrish was reared in Wisconsin, where he re-.
maiiied until he was seventeen years of age. At that time he n^u'ed
to St. Louis. Missouri, and there secured employment in a store,
retaining this position until the outbreak of the Civil war, when he
returned to Illinois. At Rockford, that state, July 13, 1S61, he en-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 565

listed in Company G, Forty-fourth Illinois Infantry, in which he
served three years and one month, receiving his honorable discharge
August 13, 1864. On the 29th of October of the same year Mr. Par-
rish arrived in California and for about seven years thereafter worked
in a planing mill. At the end of that time he turned his attention to
the draying and truck business, establishing the enterprise with which
his name has since been honorably associated. For a time he was in
business with a partner but from 1890 until his deatii conducted the
concern alone, his office being located at 428 Sixth street. He began
with a meager equipment, but his business expanded rapidly and at
the time of his death he had seven draft teams, modern wagons and
a force of eight men to assist in the hauling and moving. All modern
appliances for the safe conduct of a business of this character were
found in his establishment and his workmen were all specially trained
in this line of labor. Many of the largest business houses in San
Francisco and Oakland retained Mr. Parrish to relieve them of the
details of their freight and express department. By his special sys-
tem he paid all freight and expense bills and then presented the entire
account when the goods were delivered to his patrons. Under his
able management his concern grew to extensive proportions, being at
the time of his death one of the largest and most important of its
kind on the coast. The business is now under the direction of his
sons, who have adhered to their father's policies and maintained the
business at its usual standard of efficiency.

While on the journey to California on the steamer Golden Rule,
Mr. Parrish made the acquaintance of Miss Catherine Machwirth,
a native of Buffalo, New York, and a daughter of Adolph and Cath-
erine Machwirth. The acquaintance thus formed ripened into aftec-
tion and culminated in their marriage four years later. Six children
were born to their union, of whom one, Arthur, has passed away.
The others are: Norman A., who is connected with the Machwirth
Cornice Company of Buffalo, New York, having had charge of tiic
architectural work of several of the largest buildings at the St. Louis
fair; Clinton C, who assisted his brother in the exposition work;
Charles C, and Wilfred E., managers of their father's interests; and
Louisa C, wiio is now Mrs. George Denison. Mrs. Parrish survives
her husband and is one of the well known and popular women of
Oakland, having made her home at 2053 Webster street the center of
a hospitable social circle.

William Henry Parrish had extensive and important fraternal
affiliations, being a member of Lyons Post, G. A. R., and well known
in the afifairs of the Oakland lodge of the Knights of Pvthias. He

566 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

joined this organization in 1870 and was trustee and marshal for
many years, being for a long period prior to his death the only sur-
viving charter member. Mr. Parrish became a Mason May 11,
1883, taking the first degree in Live Oak Lodge, No. 61, F. & A. .\L
On May 18 he rose to the second degree and on June 22 received the
third. In December, 1884, he wzs elected marshal; one year later
was chosen junior warden, serving two years in that capacity; and
was made senior warden in December, 1887. He was honorary mem-
ber of the V^eteran Association of the Pacific Coast, his connection
with this dating from October 13, 1887. He was identified also with
University Lodge, L O. O. F. Mr. Parrish's principal interest, how-
ever, lay along business lines and his determination and reliable
methods enabled him to accomplish whatever he undertook. He
dealt honestly and honorably with all men and his name came tn be
regarded as a synonym for integrity in business circles of the city,
where his activities were for more than a quarter of a century a force
in commercial progress.

CHARLES D. COBB, M. D.

Thorough scientific training qualified Dr. Charles D. Cobb to
take up the active work of the profession to which he has devoted
his life and has won for him place among the representative phv-
sicians and surgeons of Alameda county. A resident of Oakland,
the extent of his practice indicates his high standing in the regard of
his fellow citizens, for he has been accorded a most liberal practice,
that finds its justification in the splendid results that attend his min-
istrations. California claims him as a native son, his birth having
occurred in San Francisco, on the 12th of December, 1872, his par-
ents being Isaac and Katharine Cobb. Following the discovery of
gold on the Pacific coast the father came to California in 1849 and
sought wealth in the mines near Redding until 1853. Like many
others, he recognized the fact that, while gold was not to be had for
the asking, this rich state offered many other opportunities for the
attainment of success and in the year mentioned he removed to Solano
county, where he secured a ranch of two thousand acres. Thereon
he engaged in farming until 1866, when he removed to San Jose,
where he purchased a large tract of land. He was one of the first to
raise prunes in the vallcv and gave strong impetus to what is now one
of the most iniportaiit horticultural enterprises of the state. He con-

HISTORY OF ALA.MMDA COUNTY r,67

tinued in active connection with the fruit-raising interests until death
terminated his labors in 1880.

In the meantime the family home had been established in San
Francisco and Dr. Cobb there pursued his early education to tlie
age of ten years. He then crossed the continent to Boston, Massa-
chusetts, where he became a high-school pupil, being graduated at
the very early age of thirteen. He afterward became a student in
the State Normal at San Jose and was graduated with the class of
1888. For four months he engaged in teaching and then returned to
Boston, where he entered the College of Oratory, in which he com-
pleted a course in 1889. Immediately afterward he again came to
California and through the succeeding three years was a student in
the State L'niversity, making a specialty of social science. He after-
ward spent a year in the Cooper Medical College and on the expira-
tion of that period went to Chicago, where he studied for a year in
the Rush Medical College. The succeeding year was passed as a
student in the St. Louis Medical College, from which he in due time
graduated. He also attended courses of lectures in the Marion Sims
Medical College of St. Louis and is a graduate of that institution.
Still later he did post-graduate work in the Harvard Medical Col-
lege, remaining there for a year and a half, after which he became
instructor of clinical surgery in the St. Louis University, occupying
that chair until 1905. In the same year he again went to Boston,
where he practiced for a year, and then returned to the Pacific coast,
spending four years in practice in Seattle, Washington. The suc-
ceeding two vears were devoted to clinical work in the east and since
his return to California he has been practicing continuously in Oak-
land. No dreary novitiate awaited him here. His reputation had
already extended to this section of the country, and his pronounced
ability brought him almost immediate success. Always careful and
cautious in diagnosis, prompt and ready in action, his efforts have
been followed with excellent results and his practice has been not
only of an extensive but also of a most important character. He has
contributed to the literature of the profession as a newspaper and
magazine editor and writer and his opinions upon various subjects
are largely accepted as standard. Never content with what he has
accomplished, he is continually broadening his knowledge by further
reading, research and investigation, and he has few equals on the
coast in the breadth of his knowledge and none who recognize more
truly the opportunities and tiic responsibilities of the profession.

in- Bradford, Pcnns\ hania, in Mav, i9<^^^ Hr. Cobb married
Miss Rogerson, and thcv lia\c one son, Charles, who is six years old.

568 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

Politically Dr. Cobb is a republican and fraternally belongs to the
Native Sons, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows and the Masons. He is also a member of the University
Club of California, there meeting kindred spirits, all of whom pro-
nounce him a hail fellow well met. Along professional lines he be-
longs to the Alameda County Medical Society. Since coming to
Oakland Dr. Cobb has taken a great interest in the growth and de-
velopment of this city and in a quiet way has supported a number
•of enterprises which have for their aim a greater and better Oakland.

FREDERICK H. WHEATON.

Frederick H. Wheaton is engaged in real-estate transactions in
Oakland as a member of the firm of Sullivan & Wheaton and de-
serves mention among the leading business men of the city. He was
born in Greenville, Pennsylvania, on the 23d of Julv, 1869, and is a
son of William H. Wheaton. He attended the public schools of
Greenville and Grove City, Pennsylvania, until twenty years of age
and then spent a year as a student in Thiel College at Greenville.

On attaining his majority F. H. Wheaton became identified with
tiie P. L. Kimberly Iron Company as bookkeeper and assistant man-
ager, acting in those capacities for five years. On the expiration of
that period he went to Chicago and was there engaged with the
-Marsh & King Company in various capacities. He became a mem-
ber of the firm, which conducted a stock commission business, and
continued therewith until 1902, when he sold out and embarked
in the business of leather goods manufacturing, remaining the senior
member of the firm of Wheaton & Smith for two years or until he
disposed of his interests. Subsequently he made his way to Seattle,
Washington, where he was engaged in the real-estate business for
four years and then went to Nevada, conducting a brokerage business
in that state for one year. He then removed to San Francisco, where
he was engaged in the real-estate business for a year and afterward
was associated with the George Schmidt Real Estate Company in
Berkeley until July, 191 1. At that time he resigned his position and
came to Oakland, opening a real-estate office in the Syndicate build-
ing, while in October, 1913, he joined Mr. Sullivan in a partnership
under the firm style of Sullivan & Wheaton. Thev enjov an extensive
and gratifying clientage and are meeting with well merited success
in their undertakings.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 569

In Greenville, Pennsylvania, on the 24th of December, 1892, Mr.
Wheaton was united in marriage to Miss Rose Hodge. In politics
he is a republican. His fellow townsmen recognize his merit and
ability, and his business colleagues entertain the warmest admiration
for his many good qualities.

HON. FRANK B. OGDEN.

There are few men in official life in Oakland more deserving of
the encomiums of their associates and the respect and confidence of
the public than Hon. Frank B. Ogden, who enjoys the distinction of
having served more than twenty consecutive years as judge of the
superior court, a longer continuous term in this office than any other
man on the bench e.xcept Judge Ellsworth. His work in this respon-
sible position has been intelligent, constructive and impartial and he
fully deserves the confidence and respect which the community has
accorded to him.

Judge Ogden is a native of New Jersey, born in Newark, April
26. 1858. His parents came to California in 1870, when the Judge
was a lad of twelve, and he has lived in this state continuously since.
After completing a public-school education he determined to follow
the legal profession and accordingly studied law in San Francisco,
being admitted to the bar in 1882. He remained in private practice
for two years, his work showing a comprehensive and e.xact knowl-
edge of underlying legal principles and keen insight and sagacity
along the lines of his profession. When he wos only twenty-eight
vears of age, in 1886, he was elected to the bench in the justice court,
where he served with credit and ability for six years. Because of his
excellent record, his efficiency and the general satisfaction with which
his administration had been received he was in February, 1892, ap-
pointed by Governor Markham to the superior court of Alameda
county and he has served in this important position for more than
twenty vears. His public work is like an open book and his inter-
pretation of the law, his understanding of equity in involved cases
and his correct rulings, free from prejudice or favor, have made him
an ideal judge.

Judge Ogden has four children: Marguerite, a graduate of the
l/niversity of California; Clarence and Rosalie, now students in that
institution; and Frank, attending the Oakland high school. The
judge is preeminentlv a man of judicial temperament, careful, con-
scientious and open-minded. These qualities have made him emi-

570 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

nently successful on the bench, while his many excellent personal
characteristics have gained him the esteem and admiration of his
friends and associates.

JOSEPH KYLE WARNER, M. D.

Dr. Joseph Kyle Warner has been actively engaged in the practice
of medicine and surgery at Livermore for the past eighteen years and
is recognized as an able representative of the profession who ever
keeps in touch with the most advanced methods and discoveries. His
birth occurred in Shellsburg, Lafayette county, Wisconsin, on the
2d of September, 1868, his parents being John and Julia F. (Berry)
Warner, the former a native of England and the latter of Wisconsin.
John Warner came to California in 1868 and in the spring of 1870
brought his family to this state, locating in Stanislaus county, where
he embarked in business as a general merchant. Subsequently he
served as county assessor and later was engaged in the lumber busi-
ness for several years. He is now living retired and makes his home
in San Jose, Santa Clara county, this state. Mr. and Mrs. John
Warner have the following children : John B., who is employed in
the engineering department of the United States government at San
Francisco but resides in Oakland; Joseph Kyle, of this review; \^'il-
liam B., who is engaged in business as a general merchant of Hick-
man, Stanislaus county; Edna, the wife of Dr. F. B. Pearce, of San
Jose; Ethel, who gave her hand in marriage to John Gallegos of
Mission San Jose, a descendant of one of the very old families of
Alameda county; and Adel, still at home.

Dr. Joseph K. Warner acquired his early education in the public
schools and continued his studies in the State Normal School of San
Jose. In preparation for the practice of medicine he entered the
medical department of tiic l'ni\ersity of California and was gradu-
ated from that institution with the degree of M. D. in 1891. Subse-
quently he spent one year as interne in the Marine Hospital of San
Francisco and was afterward engaged in practice in that city until
1894, when he went to New York, there pursuing post-graduate work
for one year. Returning to San Francisco he followed his profession
until 1896 and in that year came to Livermore, where he has main-
tained an office to the present time. In 1909 he went abroad and
visited London, Berlin, Vienna and Paris in post-graduate work,
familiarizing himself with the most improved foreign methods in

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 571

medicine and surgery. He likewise spent considerable time in the
Maternity Hospital at Glasgow. Dr. Warner acts as local surgeon
at Livermore for the Western Pacific Railway and is widely recog-
nized as a leading and successful representative of his chosen pro-
fession.

At Berkeley, California, on the 22d of July, 191 1, Dr. Warner
was united in marriage to Miss Ethel V. Cumberpatch, a native of
London, England, and a daughter of George Cumberpatch, who is
connected with the engineering department of the Southern Pacific
Railway and has been a resident of this state for twenty years. The
Doctor and his wife have two children, Joseph Kyle and Frances
Jean. Dr. Warner gives his political allegiance to the republican
party but takes no active part in politics. Fraternally he is identified
with Oak Lodge of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Foresters of America and
the Masons at Livermore. In the course of a life devoted intelli-
gently to the amelioration of the ills of mankind he has conscien-
tiously attempted to perform his duty, and he richly merits the esteem
in which he is held by the people of Livermore and its vicinity.

EUGENE E. TREFETHEN.

Eugene E. Trefethen, junior partner in the firm of Chapman &
Trefethen, attorneys at law in Oakland, is a native son of the city,
born January 11, 1875, his parents being Eugene A. and Ada S.
(Van Syckle) Trefethen. Representatives of the paternal branch of
the family, which was of Welsh origin, came in the early part of the
seventeenth century from England to Maine, while the maternal an-
cestors were among the early Dutch residents of New York. The
father of our subject came to California about the year iS6g and ac-
quired valuable timber interests in this state.

Eugene E. Trefethen was reared on the east side of the bay and
acquired his education in the old Lafayette and Cole grammar
schools of Oakland, which he attended from 1883 until 1889. He
was afterward a student in the Oakland high school from iSgn
to 1892 and later took a post-graduate course in that institution. In
1893 he entered the L^niversity of California, but shortly before the
completion of his course in the College of Social Science was com-
pelled to leave without his degree on account of an injury to his eye.
He went to Alaska and there spent two years engaged in mining and

572 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

other occupations, numbering among his friends and companions at
this time Rex Beach, the famous author. In 1898 Mr. Trefethen
returned to the university and was graduated with the degree of Ph.
B. with the class of 1899. He afterward took a course in shorthand
and typewriting and in September of that year entered the law office
of Chapman & Clift as stenographer and clerk. In his spare mo-
ments he studied law and on the 1st of September, 1901, was admitted
to practice before the supreme court. The firm of Chapman & Clift
was dissolved in 1902 and Mr. Trefethen remained with Mr. Chap-
man as assistant attorney until June, 1910, when he was admitted to
partnership. He occupies a high position at the bar of Alameda
county and enjoys in an unusual degree the confidence of his clients
and the good-will of his fellow practitioners.

On the 31st of August, 1905, Mr. Trefethen was united in mar-
riage to Miss Georgia Van Voorhies Carroll, and they have become
the parents of four children, Carol A., Dorothy J., Eugene E., Jr.,
and Van Syckle.

Mr. Trefethen is a meinber of the Nile Club and connected fra-
ternally with the Royal Arcanum. He is one of Oakland's popular
and representative citizens and in a profession where advancement
depends almost entirely upon individual merit has made rapid and
steady progress, standing today in the front ranks of able and suc-
cessful attorneys.

J. C. BLACK.

During a period of connection with the Standard Oil Company
dating from 1897, J. C. Black has become known as one of the most
capable and reliable representatives of that great corporation. He
has risen in its service until he is now chief engineer at the large re-
fining plant at Point Richmond. He was born in Indiana and reared
in Chicago, Illinois, acquiring his education in the public schools of
that city and in Armour Institute.

Following the completion of his studies J. C. Black entered the
employ of the Standard Oil Company, a concern with which many
of the members of his family had previously been identified. He first
joined the company in 1897 at the refinery at Whiting, Indiana, and
so quickly proved his ability that when they decided to erect a
mammoth refining plant at Point Richmond in 1901 he was chosen
to take charge of this work. He arrived in Point Richmond October

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 573

7, 1901, and has since remained a resident, witnessing the develop-
ment of a little village into a prosperous community of sixteen thou-
sand inhabitants. Mr. Black had charge of all of the construction
work at the plant, which is one of the largest oil refineries west of
the Mississippi river. It was erected at a cost of many millions of
dollars and has since made Point Richmond famous as an oil-
shipping center, the shipments averaging over one and one-half
million tons a year. The capacity of the plant, which now covers
three hundred acres of land and gives employment to two thousand
men, will be doubled in the near future. Thus the importance of
Mr. Black's position as chief engineer may readily be seen. Tlirough
seventeen years' connection with the Standard Oil Company he has
proven his capability in positions of trust and responsibility as well
as his integrity of character and his superior professional attainments.
Mr. Black is a director in the First National Bank of Richmond
and has become well knmvn in business circles of the city, where his
ability and honestv are recognized and respected. He commands
and holds the confidence and regard of all who are in any way asso-
ciated with him.

FRANK E. BROWNING.

The roster of city officials of Alameda contains the name of no
more worthy, consicentious and capable public servant than Frank
E. Browning, who since May i, 1907, has filled the position of city
clerk with credit and ability. He was born in Livingston county,
Michigan, September 20, 1866, but he is nevertheless a representa-
tive of one of California's pioneer families, his birth having occurred
while his parents were visiting in the east. His grandfather moved
from New York to Livingston county, Michigan, in the early '30s
and his father, Jacob Browning, came to California in 1849. He
settled in San Francisco in the early days of the city's history and
engaged in the teaming business there until three years before his
death, which occurred in 1909. He was one of the founders of the
Mechanics Institute and a member of the Vigilance Committee of
San Francisco and at one time owned all of the property upon which
the St. Francis hotel now stands. His death was a loss to the city, as
the ranks of her honored pioneers numbered one less, and was sin-
cerely and deeply regretted by many friends to whom his unright
character and genuine personal worth had greatly endeared him.

574 HISTORY OK ALAMEDA COUNTY

His wife, who was in her maidenhood Miss Zernah Smith, was born
in Michigan, a daughter of William and Leah Smith, of Livingston
county.

Frank E. Browning grew to manhood in San Francisco, acquiring
iiis education in the grammar and high schools of that city. In 1885,
after his graduation from the latter institution, he joined his father
in the teaming business and for thirteen years engaged in that occu-
pation, building up a large and representative patronage. In 1898
lie began his public career, entering the county clerk's office in San
1 rancisco as deputy under Frank C Jordan. After four years he
came to Alameda and identified himself with the Pacific Light Com-
pany of this city, acting as collector and statement taker until April,
1907. In May of that year he was appointed city clerk of Alameda
and he has served by reappointment since that time, his return to
office signifying the high quality of his services and the excellent
results which have attended his labors.

Mr. Browning married Miss Mabel Hussey, a daughter of
George V. and Sarah A. Hussey, of San Francisco. Mr. and Mrs.
Browning have become the parents of two children : George N., aged
twenty-three; and Ella, eighteen. Mr. Browning is well known in
local fraternal circles, holding membership in Alameda Lodge, No.
1 01 5, B. P. O. E.; Alameda Aerie, No. 1076, F. O. E. ; and Alameda
Lodge, No. 509, L. O. M. He was initiated into the Masonic order
according to the Scottish Rite and is now a member of Apollo
Lodge, No. 396, A. F. & A. M. He was for four years secretary of
the Alameda Boat Club, of which he is still a member, and he is
affiliated also with the California Pioneers. He gives a great deal
of his time to the conduct of the afifairs of his office and has made
an e.xcellent record for probity, enterprise and ability, a record
which adds to the honor and esteem in which his name has long
been held in this section of the state.

MR. AND MRS. ROBERT FARRELLY.

Among the honored dead of Alameda countv is numbered Rob-
ert Farrelly. His career was one of distinct usefulness and benefit
for many years to the community in which he lived. He stood as a
high type of American manhood, citizenship and chivalrv, and he
ever represented the highest standards of industrial, educational and
moral activity. He contributed much to the welfare and prosperity

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 575

of Alameda county through the development of its fruit-growing
possibilities and his place, Elmhurst, became famed as one of the
most important horticultural centers in the vicinity of Oakland. A
native of Parkesburg, Chester county, Pennsylvania, he was born
February 24, 1824. His father, Patrick Farrelly, was a native of
Ireland and there learned and followed the weaver's trade, but in
early manhood sought the opportunities of the new world, crossing
the Atlantic to the United States. Thereafter he was a resident of
Pennsylvania until called to the home beyond, his death occurrmg
in Philadelphia ^vhen he had reached the age of fifty-eight years.
It was in that state that he married Sarah Wetherlow, who was born
in Coatesville, Chester county.

The family home being established in Philadelphia, Robert Far-
relly was there reared and educated and, as usual with the boys of
tile period, he began learning a trade, taking up carpentering, when
seventeen years of age, in that city and in Reading, Pennsylvania.
At a period in life when a story of opportunity and adventure
takes a strong hold upon one, he heard of the west and resolved that
he would try his fortune upon the Pacific coast, where the discovery
of gold seemed to open a limitless field for ambitious young men.
On the 26th of February, 1849, two days after celebrating his twenty-
fifth birthday, he joined a company intending to go to California,
a company that chartered a schooner which was to convey them to
Tampico, Mexico. From that point they traveled overland to San
Bias on the Gulf of California, at which point Mr. Farrelly and four
companions embarked on another ship for San Francisco, wiicre tlicy
arrived on the 15th of July. There was a great demand for carpen-
try work, and Mr. Farrelly, therefore, resumed activities in the line
of his trade. He had no difficulty in finding not only all the work
he could do but more and was thus employed until March, 1850,
when he went to San Jose Mission, where he also spent a year car-
pentering. In 1 85 1 he became a resident of San Lorenzo, Alameda
county, then a part of Contra Costa county, and purchased of Wil-
liam Castro sixty-five acres of land, turning his attention to general
farming, in which he continued until 1859. He then disposed (^f
his land and in i860 purchased the farm on Stanley road, near Oak-
land, on which he continued to reside until his demise. He came
into possession of an uncultivated tract and at once began the vv-ork
oi development, the result of his labors being manifest in one of the
most valuable ranches of Alameda county. His place comprised
fifty-two and a quarter acres, rich and productive, and as the result
of the improvements which he placed upon it, it became worth five

576 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

hundred dollars per acre. He soon proved the possibilities of his
place for general farming and then turned his attention to the culti-
vation of fruit, planting a cherry orchard in 1861. Within a feu-
years his cherries became famed throughout the United States. Year
after year he continued his horticultural activities until he retired
in the later years of his life. No man did more to demonstrate the
possibilities of California for fruit production, and the example
which he set was followed by many others, resulting greatly in the
benefit and prosperity of his section of the state. Mr. Farrelly, as
success attended him, made large investments in bank stock and was
one of the organizers of the Bank of San Leandro, of which he be-
came a director, so continuing until his death, while for many years
he was also vice president. Other banks profited by his wisdom and
judgment and his life at all times was one of distinct worth and value
to his county.

On the 26th of December, 1852, was celebrated the marriage of
Mr. Farrelly and Miss Henrietta Wilson, who was born in Pulaski,
Mercer county, Pennsylvania. Theirs was a union of kindred inter-
ests in every particular. Mrs. Farrelly is prominent among the pio-
neer women of Alameda county, where she has lived for more than
three score years. She has witnessed the entire development and up-
building of this section and the transformation of towns into thriving
metropolitan cities. She is a daughter of William M. Wilson, who
owned a ranch in this section in pioneer days, having been drawn
to California by a desire to win wealth in the gold fields. Mrs. Far-
relly was born in [837 and afterward became a resident of Cincin-
nati, whence she came to California with her stepmother by way of
the Isthmus route in 1851, joining her father in Alvarado. The fol-
lowing year she became the wife of Robert Farrelly and for a num-
ber of years they were residents of Alvarado, removing thence to the
place which became notable as their home.

In politics Mr. Farrelly was an active figure for an extended
period, exerting a wide influence in support of republican principles
in Alameda county. He was frequently called to office, serving as
county treasurer for two terms and as supervisor for six terms. The
validitv and value of his public acts were never questioned and his
public spirit was a marked force for good. He never met defeat at
the polls and had the general support of broad-minded citizens, who
recognized his fitness and ability. His life was always one of bene-
fit to the community. He had an extensive acquaintance and his in-
fluence was invariably on the side of progress and improvement. His
were the blessed accompaniments of old age — honor, riches and

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 577

troups of friends. Ere his death it was written of him after he had
passed the eightieth milestone on life's joruney:

"On all occasions when it has lain within his power to render
material assistance to promote the welfare of the community he has
not shirked his duty, but on the other hand has given freely of his
time and means toward the advancement of the best interests of all
and the elevation of the industrial, educational and moral status of
Alameda county. A man of unimpeachable integrity and abouning
public spirit, whose religion is a spirit of good-fellowship and an ad-
herence to the golden rule, his name will long be remembered as
that of one of the most useful and representative men of California.
In the twilight of his life he and his wife are surrounded by those
comforts to which their long labors entitle them, honored and
respected by all who know them. Throughout their lives they have
set an example which may well serve to guide those of the younger
generation who would win not only success but the regard of their
fellowmen."

E. A. HERON.

One of the commanding figures of the business life of Oakland
is E. A. Heron. Coming to California at the age of twenty-one, he
has ever since made steady progress toward prominence and is today
connected with many important interests which have made for
growth and expansion. He has also large financial interests and has
been in a large measure instrumental in making this city what it is
today — one of the most flourishing of the Pacific coast.

Mr. Heron was born in Galena, Illinois, in January, 1852, and
acquired his education in the common and high schools and also in
private institutions. The lure of the west induced him to come to
California in 1873 and in 1875 he became secretary to E. C. Sessions,
a well known banker and real-estate operator in his day. In 1876
Mr. Heron became one of the organizers of the Highland Park &
Fruitvale Railroad and in the following year, 1877. established an
extensive real-estate business, in which he was active for twenty-
five years with ever-increasing success. In that connection he be-
came acquainted with the conditions and needs of the country,
acquiring a broad outlook as to the financial and commercial situa-

578 HISTORY Ol' AI.AAri'.DA COUNTY

lion. In 1889 he was one of the organizers and became the president
of the Piedmont Cable Railroad, which was subsequently absorbed
by the Oakland Traction system, of which he has served continu-
ously as president since its organization in 1895. Mr. Heron has
displayed extraordinary executive ability and succeeded in building
up one of the most perfect systems in the state. He has also other
important financial interests. He was one of the organizers and until
recently the president of the San Francisco, Oakland & San Jose
Consolidated Railway, now known as the San Francisco-Oakland
Terminal Railroad Company, and is vice president of the Realty
Syndicate. He is also a director in the Oakland Hotel Company.
In 1892 Mr. Heron married Miss Elizabeth L. Dudley, of
Stockton, California, and they have two sons, William D. and Er-
nest A. Mr. Heron is prominent in Masonry, being a member of
Oakland Chapter, No. 36, R. A. M.; and Oakland Commandery,
No. II, K. T. Careful of his own interests, he has always considered
those of others and never loses sight of the ellfect his activities have
upon the general welfare. He is deeply convinced of the great fu-
ture in store for California and his city and exhibits a healthy enthu-
siasm which he makes efifective in promoting public enterprises of
worth. He has well earned the proud American title of self-made
man and has taken his place among the foremost railroad men and
financiers on the coast, having brought about his elevation to the
high and important office he now holds entirely by his own efiforts.

JOHN J. CALLAGHAN.

John J. Callaghan, one of the leading and successful attorneys
of Livermore and Oakland, engaged in the general practice of law
in partnership with A. F. St. Sure and J. Leonard Rose, was born in
Livermore, September 13, 1877. He is a son of John and Margaret
(Moy) Callaghan, the former of whom engaged in teaching school
in Ireland in his youth and afterward became a prominent stockman
in California. He died March 6, 1905, and was survived by his wife
until November 28, 1907. To their union were born seven children,
five of whom are living. The eldest is John J., of this review.
Henry J. is a wireless telegraph operator in Manila, Philippine
islands. Margaret married Charles Owens, purchasing agent in
Livermore, California, and has one son. Edward F. is engaged in
the stock business on a portion of his father's estate in Livermore.

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 579

He is married and has a daugliter. Susan E. married Emmet Moran,
postmaster of Altamont, California, where he is also engaged in the
hotel business. They have become the parents of a son.

John J. Callaghan was reared in Livermore and acquired his pre-
liminary education in the grammar and high schools of his native
city. He afterward enrolled in Hastings Law College of San
Francisco, which is now the law department of the University of
California, and he was admitted to practice before the state courts in
June, 1900. In May of the following year he received his degree of
LL.B. from the university- Following his graduation he returned
home and managed the estate until January, 1913, when he formed a
partnership with A. F. St. Sure, of Oakland, opening offices in Oak-
land and Livermore. The partners control a large and growing
patronage and are connected with a great deal of important litigation.
Mr. Callaghan has interests aside from his profession, for he owns
a stock ranch in San Joaquin county and is secretary of the Stock-
man's Protective Association of Alameda and San Joaquin counties,
being active and prominent in the work of this organization. He
was at one time a director in the First National Bank of Livermore
and is now attorney for the Farmers & Merchants Bank of this city.
He is a director in the Chamber of Commerce and interested in the
development of Livermore, supporting many movements which have
for their object the permanent interests of the community.

Mr. Callaghan is connected fraternally with the Knights of
Columbus, the Foresters of America and the Benevolent and Pro-
tective Order of Elks, and he has been grand director of the Young
Men's Institute. He gives his political allegiance to the democratic
party and is a member of the democratic county central committee.
He is a young man of energy, enterprise and discrimination and holds
a high place in professional, business and social circles of Livermore.

EDSON ADAMS.

In the death of Edson Adams, which occurred December 14,
1888, Oakland lost its founder and first settler and a man who had
been a conspicuous figure in the upbuilding and development of the
Bay country of California, where for nearly forty years he had made
his home. His life had been so varied in its activities, so honorable
in its purposes and so far-reaching in its effects that it constituted an

580 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

integral part of the history of the state, and his death is still deeply
and sincerely regretted after a quarter of a century. Mr. Adams was
descended from one of the early Colonial families, his paternal an-
cestor, Edward Adams, having established the name in New Haven,
Connecticut, in 1640. Four years later the American progenitor of
the branch, Edward Nash, became a resident of Norwalk, Con-
necticut.

Edson Adams was born in Fairfield county, Connecticut, May
18, 1824, and acquired a public-school education in his native state.
Following the completion of his studies he engaged in trade until
1849, when, attracted by the reports of the gold discoveries in Cali-
fornia, he took passage on board a steamer bound for the Pacific coast,
arriving in San Francisco in July of the same year. In the following
September he went to the mines and after a few months returned to
San Francisco, whence he conducted a thorough examination of the
Bay country with the purpose of establishing a town. On the 16th
of May, 1850, he located permanently at a point now known as
the foot of Broadway, Oakland, taking up one hundred and sixty
acres of what was then public domain. His property lav on
either side of the present Broadway and extended from the estuary
of San Antonio north to the present location on Fourteenth street.
Mr. Adams was the first settler in this locality, v^'hich was then a
frontier wilderness. But others followed soon afterward, among the
first of whom were Andrew Moon and H. W. Carpentier. In the
latter part of 1851 Mr. Adams with Mr. Carpentier and Mr. Moon
employed Julius Kellersberger and others to survey, lay out, set
the stakes and make maps and plats for the present citv of Oakland,
to be founded upon a tract of land including the properties of the
three gentlemen. Mr. Adams took a very active and prominent part
in the organization of the communitv and after it was founded was
elected to fill various offices, the duties of \\hich he discharged in an
efficient manner and with a public spirit worthy of a pioneer. He
and his associates in this enterprise labored under manv disadvan-
tages, for as a rule the first settlers in California were single men who
preferred to spend their time in the mines rather than assist in the
upbuiJding of a town in which they would probably not care to re-
side permanently, l^he citizens of San Francisco were slow in
making Oakland their home because of the poor ferry conditions,
the only means of travel at first being an occasional exursion from
San Francisco to the new town, then called Contra Costa. Finally
a company was induced to establish ferry communications with at
least one round trip each day. The fare was one dollar each way but

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 581

was finally reduced to fifty cents, with the chance of being detained
by foggy weather five or six hours on the trip. Gradually all of these
conditions changed, immigration became heavier and, with the ap-
pearance of new settlers in the town, city conveniences became a
matter of course, and Mr. Adams lived to see his dream fulfilled and
a city of importance and prosperity grow from his efforts and those
of his associates in the early days.

On the 3d of May, 1855, Mr. Adams was united in marriage to
Miss Hannah J. Jayne and they became the parents of three children,
Julia P., Edson F. and John C. Throughout his entire life, which
came to a close December 14, 1888, Mr. Adams continued to reside
in Oakland and became one of its foremost citzens, active in all work
of municipal progress and a leader in the furtherance of any plan
for the advancement of the general welfare. His honorable and use-
ful life, which bore the closest investigation and scrutiny, gained for
him the unqualified respect and esteem of the people of the city which
his enterprise and ambition had founded and his progressive spirit
built up and developed.

EDWARD H. CLAWITER.

\\'ith every phase of ranch development Edward H. Clawiter is
familiar and his efl'orts have been an element in bringing about rapid
progress and development in the production of both grain and vege-
tables in this section of the state. Today he is living retired as tlic
possessor of a handsome competence, which has come to him through
well ordered business affairs. He is a strong, forceful and resource-
ful man, active and energetic, and the most envious cannot grudge
him his success, so honorablv has it been won and so worthily used.

When Alvarado was known as Union City, Edward H. Clawiter
was born there November 27, 1852. His father, Edward Clawiter,
Sr., was born in Prussia, Germany, in 18 17, and in his youthful days
learned the machinist's trade, but the spirit of wanderlust was in him
in early manhood and led him to leave his native country, seeking
opportunity and adventure elsewhere. Thus, eventually he came to
California. He had spent some time upon the sea and had been ad-
vanced until he was occupying an official position on the ship that
bore him to the harbor of San Francisco in 1847. He did not then
give up the sea. but returned to San Francisco from another voyage
in 1849. It was then that he learned of the discovery of gold and.

582 IIISTom' Ol- .\l..\Mi:i).\ corxTY

abaniioniiig ilic ship, he went to Soiiora. where he engaged in the
search lor the precious metal, meeting with considerable success. He
it was who bore the first American gold to Germany and it was de-
posited in the Museum of Berlin. During this temporary sojourn in
his native country he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Garding,
a native of Bremen, Germany, born in 1830. In 1851 he brought his
bride to the new wcjrld, taking up his abode in Union City, Califor-
nia, where he embarked in merchandising, having originally but a
small stock. His enterprising methods, however, were soon mani-
fest in a growing trade and in time he was at the head of a very grati-
Iving business. During the residence of the familv at Union Citv
their first child was born and she was the first white female child
to claim Union City as the place of her nativity and was given the
name of Union, while John M. Horner, who owned most of the town
site, presented her with a lot, owing to the fact that she was given the
name. Three other children were afterward added to the family:
Edward H.; Mary, who lives with her mother; and Ida, who be-
came the wife of H. Krusi, a resident of Alameda. The eldest
daughter. Union, became the wife of Converse Howe, who was au-
ditor of Los Angeles county and died at a comparatively early age,
leaving four sons.

In his merchandising venture Mr. Clawiter met with substantial
success for two years. He possessed good business ability and, more-
o\cr, was a linguist, speaking Spanish, German and English fluently.
When the boom subsided he invested in land in Mount Eden and
San Lorenzo and continued the cultivation of five hundred acres
until 1877, when he turned the management of the ranch over to his
son Edward H. and took up his abode in Alameda, where he passed
away December 13, 1883. His portrait, presented by his son, Ed-
ward H. Clawiter, occupies a place in the Museum in Golden Gate
Tark of .San Francisco. He was the owner of much valuable prop-
erty, also holding extensive realty at Oakland and other parts of this
state. For many years he held membership with the Odd Fellows
and was a charter member of Svcamore Lodge at Havward.

While Edward H. Clawiter was born in Union City, he was still
an infant when his parents removed to the farm. After attending the
public schools he became a student in the Pacific Business College
of San Francisco and thus prepared for the onerous and responsible
duties of later life. His education completed, he became the active
assistant of his father and afterward took over the management of
the ranch and other properties held by his father. In all he has dis-
played splendid business ability, and his record proves that success

HISTORY OF ALAMKDA COUNTY 583

is not a matter of genius, but is tiie result of sound judgment, experi-
ence and keen insight. His plans are carefully formulated, his
investments wisely made and he has extended his holdings and in-
creased the value of the properties he inherited. He was married on
the i8th of October, 1877, at Mount Eden, to Miss Annie G. Schafer,
a native of Eldorado county, California, and they have become par-
rents of two children, Edward Ivan and Grace B. The son, after
completing a common-school course, entered the University of Cali-
fornia, from which he was graduated in 1900. He took, up the study
of law and was admitted to the bar upon examination before the
supreme court in June of the same year. He likewise pursued a
course in civil engineering at the Vander Naillen School in Oak-
land. Soon after completing that course he went to Manila, P. I.,
where he remained for more than five years. While there he met
and wedded a young lady, who was a native of one of the
eastern states. He returned to the United States, but soon afterward
went to Europe and subsequently engaged in engineering work on the
Suez canal. After once more returning to America he became asso-
ciated with the Atlantic, Gulf & Pacific Company, a large firm of
harbor contractors, and was for a time engaged on work on the Erie
canal. At the close of that work he severed his connection with the
rirm and went to Buenos Aires, South America, remaining in that
countrv for seven months, during which time he converted one hun-
dred miles of steam railroad into an electric line. After a brief visit
to the States he again went to South America for a year. He was then
transferred by his firm to Los Angeles, California, and later to San
Francisco, having now lived in the latter city for the past year. The
daughter is a musician, possessing both instrumental and vocal talent
in a marked degree, and is a member of the Adelphi Club of
Alameda.

Politically Mr. Clawiter is a stalwart republican, doing all in his
power to advance the interests of his party. Fraternally he is well
known as a member of Hayward Lodge, No. 243, A. F. & A. M.;
Doric Chapter, No. 66, R. A. M.. of San Leandro; and Oakland
Commandery, No. 1 1, K. T. He also belongs to Aahmes Temple of
the Mystic Shrine and is a member of Eden Parlor. Native Sons of
the Golden West, of Hayward.

While in active business Mr. Clawiter utilized his rancii for tiie
production of grain and vegetables and in 1887 purchased the ware-
house at Mount Eden station and for many years dealt in grain on a
large scale. In 1904, however, he discontinued his warehouse busi-
ness and retired. He now leases his large ranch, retaining only the

584 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

orchard which surrounds his beautiful home. In the summer of 1910
lie and his family made a two months' tour of the east, visiting the
principal cities and places of interest. He owns valuable real estate
in the city of Alameda as well as his ranch property. His chief rec-
reation is motoring and he has a fine car, enabling him to indulge
his desires along that line.

FARiMERS AND MERCHANTS SAVINGS BANK.

One of the leading banks in northern California is the Farmers
and Merchants Savings Bank of Oakland which since its organiza-
rion in 1893 has had a steady growth coincident with the growth and
development of the city. The bank transacts a strictly savings busi-
ness in all respects in accordance with the laws governing savings
banks in the state of California. Its deposits are invested in interest-
bearing securities of the first class and its loans are made only after
careful investigation of the security offered. The greater part of
these loans are made upon first mortgages in Oakland and the sur-
rounding country and usually do not exceed fiftv per cent of the
appraised value of the real estate and improvements. The Farmers
and Merchants Bank has four classes of savings accounts: term, or-
dinary, special ordinary and certificates of deposit. It also has
checking accounts for the convenience of its customers. From the
time of its organization in 1893 until June 29, 1910, the bank occu-
pied rooms on Broadway, just north of Twelfth street, and in the
latter year it removed to the new bank building at the southeast cor-
ner of Thirteenth and Franklin streets. This is one of the hand-
somest buildings of its kind on the coast and is used only for banking
purposes. The construction is steel frame and absolutely fireproof,
the first building of its type ever erected in Greater Oakland. Of
modified Grecian architecture, the building lifts from a base of
highly polished granite to the height of an ordinary three-story build-
ing. The superstructure was built of white menti stone from Utah
and the facade is supported by Ionic columns having beautifully
carved architraves, between which appear the name of the bank in
letters of stone. The building occupies a lot fronting fifty feet on
Franklin street and one hundred feet on Thirteenth street, and the
interior was arranged with infinite pains to secure the best working
conditions, being roomy, well ventilated and beautiful to look upon.
The vaults are protected by the American District Telegraph Com-

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 585

pain's electrical devices and the safe deposit department is adequately
equipped with safe deposit boxes with the new Yale changeable key
locks. One of the features of the bank is its ladies' parlor, which is
the finest of its kind on the coast and greatly appreciated by all the
women customers of the bank.

The officers of the Farmers and Merchants Savings Bank are as
follows: Edson F. Adams, president; S. B. McKee, vice president;
George S. Meredith, cashier; and F. C. Martens, assistant cashier.
The directors are; Edson F. Adams, S. B. McKee, A. W. Schafer,
C. D. Bates, A. L. Stone, George S. Meredith and F. C. Martens.
These are all men of insight, capacity and ability, many of whom
have proven their capability in various other fields of endeavor and
all of whom have by their intelligence and progressive management
made the Farmers and Merchants Savings Bank of Oakland one of
the leading financial institutions in Alameda countv.

WILLIAM EDWARD DARGIE.

William Edward Dargie was for many years the owner and editor
of the Oakland Tribune and built up the paper from a small and
unimportant journal to one of wide influence and great power. He
was known to all newspaper men in the state as a man of unusual
personal force and ability and the regret at his death in 191 1 was
statewide.

Mr. Dargie was a son of John and Eliza G. Dargie, bcnh of whom
have passed away, the mother surviving the father until a few years
ago. The subject of this review was born in San Francisco on the
13th of March, 1854, and received his early education in the public
schools of that city. After his graduation from the Union grammar
school he took a special course in the high school in order to prepare
himself for the business career which had been his ambition from his
earliest years. When but thirteen years of age he became bill clerk
for the firm of Armes & Dallam, of San Francisco, then the leading
wool and willow house of that city, and discharged the duties of that
position in a manner which commended him alike to his employers
and to those working with him. He remained in the employ of this
firm for some time, but he was anxious for an opportunity to become
connected with the publication business and at length he was given
a place in the office of the San Francisco Bulletin. He became an
apprentice printer and proved painstaking and industrious in learn-

586 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY

iiig the trade. He was considered the brightest apprentice the office
liad ever known and when he had completed his term and become a
journeyman, he was as proficient in the craft as the most expert mem-
ber of the stafif. After thus mastering the details of the mechanical
part of the business he joined the reportorial and editorial depart-
ment and for a time was one of the most expert gatherers of news in
the employ of the paper. While still a youth, he manifested a keen
news sense which often enabled him to secure exclusive and im-
portant information for his paper.

About this time, however, Mr. Dargie realized that a more lib-
eral education would enable him to do better work in his chosen
profession and he therefore became a freshman in the University of
California in 1875. He knew, however, that he would not take the
full course, because he intended to enter business for himself at the
earliest possible moment, and as his time in school was to be limited,
he made the most of every minute and took advantage of every op-
portunity to acquire knowledge. While in college he supported
himself by working as a reporter for the Bulletin, furnishing that
paper with accounts of all the happenings of the campus and all the
conferences of the faculty. His style of writing was simple, graphic
and well adapted to newspaper work and even then he gave promise
of becoming well known in journalism. While in the university he
watched with interest the Oakland Tribune, then a paper small in
size, of limited circulation and of still more limited influence. He
recognized, however, that the east coast of the bay would in the future
grow rapidly and that there was a place for a live, energetic, able
newspaper which would develop as the city of Oakland and the
county of Alameda grew in population and importance. Accord-
ingly, before the close of the vacation succeeding his freshman year
in the university, or on the 241)1 of July, 1876, he purchased a con-
trolling interest in the Tribune with money loaned to him for the
purpf)se by the late A. K. P. Harmon.

Mr. Dargie immediately assumed control of the management and
policy of the Tribune, which was at that time about as large as a
hand-bill. The new owner and editor was but twenty-two years of
age, but under his direction the paper rapidly increased in size, cir-
culation and influence. It eventually became the leading newspaper
in Alameda county and its news columns were complete and unusually
reliable. Its editorials were devoted to the securing of good govern-
ment and the welfare of Oakland and Alameda county in general
and there was alwavs room for the publication of letters from the
people on anv topic of public interest. There was noticeable in every

HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY 587

department, whether news or editorial comment, a completeness
equalling that of the cosmopolitan dailies and the paper became wide-
ly known. From the time that he acquired the paper until ill health
forced him in a large measure to retire from business, there was not
a day that the paper failed to receive the closest attention of Mr.
Dargie and there was not a moment when it was other than repre-
sentative of the personal feeling, energy and enterprise of its con-
trolling spirit. The paper was his pride and there was nothing that
could be done to better it that was not done. If it was a question of
securing some important news first there was no expense that was too
great. If a new news service was required it was procured regard-
less of expense. If the public demanded a new department the man
or woman was secured to satisfy the demand. If a new style of type
was wanted to render the pages more attractive or more easily read,
the want was supplied. One department followed another and short-
ly before Mr. Dargie was compelled to retire from active control of
his business he had one of the most completely equipped press rooms
in the west, while his paper was known for its excellence throughout
the Pacific slope. He realized at the start that competent reporters,
writers and editors were essential to the success of the paper and sur-
rounded himself with a corps of workers which in ability, brilliancy
and devotion have seldom been equalled on the coast. In fact, it has
been recognized for years that the Tribune has been the school in
which were trained many of the brightest minds in the journalistic
world of the present day.

As the Tribune grew in power and influence its editor and man-
ager received distinguished consideration at the hands of the people
and of the leaders of the republican party, his first preferment being
the appointment, on the 27th of February, 1883, to the office of post-
master of this citv, a position which he assumed with the approval
of every citizen of Oakland. He held the office for four years and
discharged the duties thereof with a devotion and assiduity that was
unusual. There was nothing that could be done to afford the people
a more satisfactory mail service that was left undone and the good
work that was accomplished in this respect at that time is not for-
gotten by residents of the city who were living here then. This im-
provement in service was accomplished without imposing upon the
employes of the office unnecessary burdens, but solely by the hus-
banding of resources, the conserving of energies and the wise direc-
tion and utilization of the forces at his command. There was during
his term of office an increase in tiic luimhcr ni niaiN delivered each

588 HISTORY OF ALAMEDA COUXTY

day and there was also an increase in the number of collections, but
this added work was handled efficiently and with dispatch.

In 1887 Mr. Dargie retired from the office and again devoted all
of his time to tiie management of his paper. At various times he was
besought by the people to become a candidate for an elective position,
but he invariably declined, as he wished to give his time and attention
to the Tribune. He was always more than willing to use the in-
fluence of his paper to assist in the election of good men to office, but
he had no desire for office himself. However, there came a crisis
in the afifairs of the republican party and there was a movement on
the part of the young men of the organization to select young men
for office and upon Mr. Dargie fell their choice for state senator. At
first Mr. Dargie declined the request of his young friends, but he
eventually allowed his name to go before the people with the result
that he was elected to the state senate by an overwhelming majority,
serving in that body during the terms of 1889 and 1891. During
those senatorial sessions a great deal of important legislation was
enacted and in the discussion of the measures and in their passage
Mr. Dargie played an important part. In recognition of his service
in the senate that body passed a resolution of congratulation a few
years ago when the citizens of Oakland were celebrating his fifty-fifth
birthday. At the expiration of his terms as senator he was again free
to devote his energies exclusively to the conduct of his paper and it
continued to grow in power and became one of the greatest influences
in the development of Alameda county.

Mr. Dargie was married in San Leandro, December 15, 1881, to
Miss Erminia Peralta, and thev became the parents of two children,
a daughter, who died in infancy, and a son. William E. Dargie, Jr.,
who died on the threshold of manhood. Mr. Dargie is survived by
his widow. He was for many years a member of Live Oak Lodge.
A. F. & A. M., and belonged to the Athenian and Nile Clubs of this
city and the Union League. Family Club and Press Club of San
Francisco.

His death occurred at his residence in Oakland on the evening
of February 10. 191 i, and was the result of a nervous breakdown
caused by overwork. His demise was sincerely regretted in the busi-
ness, social and industrial world of Alameda countv and indeed of
California. He held to the fullest extent the admiration of those
who worked under him and to those who needed assistance he proved
a friend indeed. The newspaper men of the coast knew and
respected him most highly as a master of the profession and the manv
readers of the Tribune felt a personal interest in him Out of respect

HISTORY OF ALA.AIEDA COUNTY 589

for his memory the flag on the city plaza of Oakland was ordered at
half-mast and the Alameda Press Club passed resolutions reciting the
accomplishments of Mr. Dargie and recounting his many admirable
traits of character, and in these resolutions it was stated that it was
the belief of the club "that not only has the profession lost a member
of unusual eminence, but that this community has lost an effective
advocate and defender, and the members of this association a warm
and personal friend." The state senate manifested respect for its
former member by adjourning and adopting resolutions of con-
dolence. Senator Stetson said at the time, "my acquaintance and
friendship with Senator Dargie has extended over many years, rarely
finding myself in accord with him in my political views or his with
mine. Nevertheless, he gained and enjoyed my complete respect as
he did that of all others who knew him well.

"He did not demand conformity of others to his own views, but
he did demand sincerity on the part of his opponents." The Senator
also said that, "he had no small share in the upbuilding of the city of
Oakland, where most of his life was spent, as well as of the greater
community of California."

INDEX

Abbott, C. H 380

Adams, Edson 579

Aikin, I. R 550

Aitchison, Gavin 338

Alameda County Abstract Co 8

Alberger, W. R 237

Allen, I. P 400

Anderson, H. S 301

Andker, Dan 109

Anthony, E. R 58

Baeciis, W. J 19

Bailey, Hiram 424

Baker, A. W 313

Baker. J. E 97

Baker, W. T 326

Bancroft, W. B 277

Bankhead, J. W 455

Barber, J. B 9

Barker, A. C 156

Bates, J. C, Jr 309

Beam, A. W 486

Beardsley, C. A 416

Beasley, T. D 383

Bechtle. Otto 207

Bell, Harmon 478

Bell, S. B 514

Bennetts, C. D 319

Bergen, B. F 373

Berkeley Bank of Savings and Trust Co. 492

Berkeley Lumber Company 421

Bigelow, H. A 116

Bilger, F. W 440

Bingaman, J. W 37

Binkley, G. H 346

Bissell. W. A 290

Black. J. C 572

Blake, A. S 487

Bohannon Cancer Institute 219

Bowles, P. E 448

Boyes, E. J 172

Bradford, Alonzo 468

Bradhoff, P. F 420

Breed, A. H

Briggs, F. A . . .
Brown, A. J. . .
Brown. E. J. . .
Brown, H. F. . .
Brown, P. F. . .
Browning, F. E.
Bunker, W. B. .
Burg Brothers .
Burpee, L. G. . .
Buteau, S. H, . .
Button, F. L . . .

( "aine. J. E .. . .
Callaghan, J. J
Capwell. H. C. .
Carpenter, Tom
Carpentier, Alph(
Cattell, W. A. .
Central National
Chambers, J. V
Cliapman, M. C
Christensen, Peter
Christianson, T. L
Cluirch. A. M.
Church. L. S. .
Clawiter, E. H
Cobb. C. D .. .
Cobbledick. L.
Cole. J. A. . .
Cole, W. n. . .
Cole, W. K. . .
Cook. .1. P....
Cougblin, T. C
Cowing. E. J..
Crawford. F. R
Crowell. Clarence
Cushing. H. D. ..

Dalziel. Robert, Sr

Dargie. W. E

Deardorff. A. G...
I)e Oolia. G. E...

578
283
393
303
410
70
483

199
221
581
566
192
240
67
452

110
274
91

2ia

585

592

INDEX

Jlrlaeour, William 88

de Lemos, F. 1 536

Di'lger, Frederick 558

Dennison. W. E 378

Dohrmann, W. C 162

Donahue, D. G 66

Donaluif. W. H 450

Drury. Wells 366

Kdoll. J. P 495

Ellsworth, John 20

Emigh. T. P 320

Enos, M. M 130

Ensign, B. G 158

Fabens, F. C 419

Farmers & Merchants Savings Bank. . . . 584

Farrelly, Mr. and Mrs. Robert 574

Fechter, John 306

Fenton, Susan J 252

First National Bank of Berkeley 492

First National Bank of Oakland 431

Fitzgerald, R. M 542

Foard, C. J 117

Forrest, John 360

Foss, F. W 427

Fowler, E. S 161

Frick, A. L 258

Friok, G. W^ 413

i riedman, Alexander 298

Friend, George, Company 404

Friend, The W. H. Family 472

Fritz, Meadora 385

Frost, F. W 250

Fulcher, W. H 182

Galli, .Joseph 116

Garrison, E. F 388

Garthwaite. W. W 496

Giarv, W. R 201

m>irardelli, J. N 132

Gibson. E. M 15

(iier, Theodore 445

Gilnian, C. E 406

Gilson. J. C 345

Glasier. H. P 312

Glover. B. A 161

Grimm, L. K 314

Gross, G. E 24

H & H-Patent Developing Co 168

Hadden, David 256

Hadlen, Charles 387

Haly, G. P 149

Hamlin, O. D 232

Hanifin, J. J 288

Ilanna, F, L 217

Harris. G. H 340

Harris. T. W 540

Havens. Harold 525

Haviland. P. A 7

Hawley. S. S 368

Haefcy, John Ill

Heintz, G. W 175

Heron, E. A 577

Heyer, C. W..... 538

Hill, J. A... 47

Hinch, J. T 477

Hobson & Pavert 364

Hogarty. .T. J 160

Hollister. G. W 80

Horner. C. F 6

Hynes. W. H. L 79

Jacoby. 0. D 279

Jeffery, C. A 526

.Iohn.son. H. A 381

•Johnson, .J. A 513

Johnstone. A. E 53

Jonas, Abraham 92

.Tones, H. Z 177

Jurgens, Charles 417

Jurgens, W, C 418

Kahn. Frederick 272

Katich. Martin 189

Kearney, P. A 329

Kelly, A. S 435

Kelly, M. J 369

Kelly, Thomas 315

Kessler. R. T 131

Keyes & Martin 168

Kirehner, George 107

Kisieh, Pasqual 405

Kleeman, G. E 304

Knowland, .Joseph 68

Knowland. J. R 10

Kramm, J. W 423

Kulchar. Stephen 306

T.aymance, M. J 357

Leach, A. P 87

Eeach, F. A 469

Lehnhardt, Emil 102

IjCsoine, J. A 367

Lewis, I. C 262

Ijogan, Norman 344

lAidewig. 0. R 503

Mctlurg. Katherine 392

McComb. G. S 180

McDonald, J. J 121

MeDonough, G.J 39

McGill. H. G 531

593

McKeon, N. J 335

McLimont, A. W 332

McMannis, J. W 89

MacDonald, L. M 518

Mabrey, E. N 553

Maggio, George 145

Maiden, F. B 140

Maine, A. F 402

Majors, E. A 298

Makinson, H. A 190

Mante, Ferdinand 167

Manter, L. W 128

Maslin, E. W 520

Masten, B. B 316

Mastick, G. H 522

Mathews, W. J 457

Man, C. F 87

Mayon, E. H 318

Mazurette, A. J 370

Meehan, J. P 308

Mi'ese, Edwin 25

Melvin, H. A 348

Mendenhall, A. V 28

Mendenhall, W. M 247

Meredith. G. S 439

Merritt, A. H 545

Merritt, J. B 460

Milisich. C. N 138

Miller. G. D 280

Mitchell, John 334

Montgomery, J. P 549

Montgomery, Zachariah 547

Moon, Irma 1 78

Moore, Stanley 490

Moore, T. H : 475

Morehouse, L. C 508

Morris, David 147

Morris, H. N 292

Mosher, H. A 141

Mott. F. K 5

Myers, B. D 277

Naylor. A. W 432

Nelson, Charles 72

NichoU, J. H 523

Noble, G. H 129

Nor, A. J 491

Ny^trom, J. R 449

Oakland Fire Department 33

Ogden, F. B 569

Olsen, 0. F 556

Orwig, H. B 157

Parrish, W. H 564

Pavert, R. J 321

Pearson, Benjamin 459

Peart, N. F 108

Pease, J. L 334

Pendleton. B. H 342

Perkins, G. C 532

Petersen, W. J 235

Phillips, J. W 122

Pomeroy, G. T 442

Poock, F. C 399

Potter, J. P 261

Potter, L. W 341

Powell, H. A 285

Powell, W. A 218

Prowse. Charles 528

Quigley, W. B., Jr 138

Quinn. J. G 512

Quinn, P. J 59

Reed, C. G

Reed. G. W

Reed, William

Reiter. Victor

Rice, G. F

Richardson, Lancelot

112
202
60
249
356
228

Palmer, Charles
Pardee, G. C...
Parish, F. A . . .
Vol. 11— 33

Rideout, W. R 310

Roach, M. M 119

Robinson, T. M 159

Rochm, George 126

Ruess, Christopher 150

Russell, Joel 506

Russell. T. B 539

Rutherford, M. J , 287

St. .Mary's College ' 268

St. Sure, A. F 178

Sampson, May H 198

Samuels, George 316

Santana, J. M 352

Schmidt, P. N 166

Scott, J. C 286

Sehorn, W. A 555

Serda, Lawrence 48

Sliaw, C. W 191

Siebe. W. A 484

Sievers, L. J 139

Sipe, J. M 293

Sleeper, G. E 38

Smeaton, J. V 171

Smith, Francis M 361

Smith, Frank M 175

Smith. George 436

Smith, H. K 210

Smith, Mortimer 454

Smith, S. J 29

594

INDEX

Siu...k. C. E

Spencer, Leland
Stearns, Edwin
Steen, H. F.
Still. E. (i. .
Still, \V. E.
Stoddard, T. C.
Stout, J. C. ..
Stratton, F. S
Sturm, C. L. .
Sullivan, F. C.

Taft, A. G..

Tapscott, E.

N.

Thornton, E. E.
Tiffany, E. V.
Tisdale, C. L .
Toler, W. P...
Townsend, W.
Trabert, C. L
Trefethen, E. ]
Twomey, C. J.
Tyrrell, E. J. .

489
170
359

323
376
40
294

26
82
137
135
510
465
127

571
149
57

riiitcd Home Builders 54

Van De Mark, W. N 118

Van Every, J. M 330

Voorhees, F. D 208

Wagner, A. L 188

Walsh, P. M 27

Walter, C. N 209

Walter, E. N 90

Warner, J. K 570

Waste, W, H 561

Welch, C. R 257

Wells, W. S 563

Wente. C. H 559

Wheaton, F. H 568

Wilbert, Peter 500

Wilson, Adelbert 152

Wilson, J. S 275

Witter, G. F 46

Wood, H, L 206

Wood, 0. E 136

AVood, W, C 106

Wythe, Stephen 296

Heckman

AUG 03

N. MANCHESTCR. INDIANA 46962