Past and present of Pike County, Illinois

5»?r «— -v i

/ LIBRARY OF THE >
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN

w-*CfeS$V

PAST AND PRESENT

OF

PIKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS

BY

CAPT. M. D. MASSIE,

TOGETHER WITH

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES

OF MANY OF ITS PROMINENT AND LEADING CITIZENS AND ILLUSTRIOUS DEAD

ILLUSTRATED

CHICAGO:

THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING CO.
1906

DEDICATION

To the good people of Pike county, old and young,
who are proud of your homes and citizenship, and those
of you, who knew some of the pioneers and the notable
citizens of the past, many of you who are their suc-
cessors and representatives, who lovingly appreciate
the labors of the early pioneers and progressive citizens
of the old county, for their life services in your and the
county's interests, this work is respectfully dedicated,
BY THE AUTHOR.

PRBFACB.

T

HE publishers take pride in presenting this volume to the public. The historical part is
the work of Capt. Al. D. Massie, of New Canton, and the citizens of the county
are to be congratulated on his services being secured by the publishers, as no man
in the county is better qualified for the task. A perusal of the volume will show
that his work is well done.

The biographical part of the work is the compilation of well qualified men, those
long experienced in the business. They have gone to the people, the men and women
who have, by their enterprise and industry, brought the county to a rank second to
none among those comprising this great and noble State, and from their lips have the story of
their life struggles. No more interesting or instructive matter could be presented to an intelligent
public. In this volume will be found a record of many whose lives are worthy the imitation of
coming generations. It tells how some, commencing life in poverty, by industry and
economy have accumulated wealth. It tells how others, with limited advantages for securing
an education, have become learned men and women, with an influence extending throughout
the length and breadth of the land. It tells of men who have risen from the lower walks of
life to eminence as statesmen, and whose names have become famous. It tells of those in
every walk in life who have striven to succeed, and records how success has usually
crowned their efforts. It tells also of many, very many, who, not seeking the applause of the
world, have pursued the "even tenor of their way," content to have it said of them, as Christ
said of the woman performing a deed of mercy — "They have done what they could." It
tells how many in the pride and strength of young manhood, left the plow and the anvil, the
lawyer's office and the counting-room, left every trade and profession, and at their country's
call went forth valiantly "to do or die," and how through their • efforts the Union was
restored and peace once more reigned in the land. In the life of every man and of every
woman is a lesson that should not be lost upon those who follow after.

Coming generations will appreciate this volume and preserve it as a sacred treasure, from
the fact that it contains so much that would never find its way into public records, and which
would otherwise be inaccessible. Great care has been taken in the compilation of the work
and every opportunity possible given to those represented to insure correctness in what has
been written; and the publishers flatter themselves that they give to their readers a work with
few errors of consequence. In addition to biographical sketches, portraits of a number of
representative citizens are given.

The faces of some, and biographical sketches of many, will be missed in this volumt.
For this the publishers are not to blame. Not having a proper conception of the work, some
refused to give the information necessary to compile a sketch, while others were indifferent.
Occasionally some member of the family would oppose the enterprise, and on account of such
opposition the support of the interested one would be withheld. In a few instances men never
could be found, though repeated calls were made at their residence or place of business.
March, 1906. THE 5. j. CLARKE PUBLISHING Co.

PRESENT COURTHOUSE

Historical.

INTRODUCTION.

When the Divine Master dispersed the waters
and said, "Let there be light," the western hem-
isphere appeared and later was known as America.
Then as the centuries rolled by and civilization
began its march Illinois was defined and in that
great state Pike county was given a boundary and
a name, and now with the aid of the printer's art,
old Pike will be given its proper place in a home
history, and its progress and development will be
carefully chronicled for this and the generations
that are to come. The work will be as follows :
First, Illinois ; second, Pike county ; third, town-
ships; fourth, river history; fifth, war history;
sixth, railroad history; seventh, county officials';
eighth, old settlers' society; ninth, California argo-
nauts ; tenth, banks and bankers ; eleventh, bench
and bar; twelfth, illustrious dead; thirteenth,
churches and schools ; fourteenth, sny levee
history; fifteenth, miscellaneous.

ILLINOIS.

For one hundred and two years, from 1673 to
1765, the French possessed Illinois. From 1700
to 1719 Illinois was a dependency of Canada and
part of Louisiana with the government a theoc-
racy ; from 1763 to 1765 under French control,
and from 1765 to 1778 under British dominion.
In 1778 it was known as Illinois county in the
state of Virginia. The county of Illinois then
contained all the territory that is now Ohio, Indi-

ana, Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan. In De-
cember, 1778, Governor Patrick Henry of Vir-
ginia appointed John Todd lieutenant command-
ant of Illinois county. On March i, 1784, Vir-
ginia ceded all the territory north of the Ohio
river to the United States. Then the general
government proceeded to establish a form of
government for the settlers in the new territory
which remained until the famous ordinance of
1787 was passed. The third and sixth sections
of the much discussed ordinance in the past im-
presses one with the fact that men of divine sen-
timent were the authors, who are said to be Na-
than Dane, Rufus King arid Timothy Pickering.
Thomas Jefferson and Rev. Manasseh Cutler, of
Massachusetts, were perhaps two who did most
for the passage of the resolution that did so much
for the northwestern territory. A portion of sec-
tion three reads thus: "Religion, morality and
knowledge being necessary to good government
and the happiness of mankind schools and the
means of education shall be forever encouraged."
A part of section six reads : "There shall be
neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in the
said territory. Otherwise than in the punishment
of crime whereof the party shall have been duly
convicted."

From 1780 to 1809 Illinois was a part of the
Indiana territory. The population of the terri-
tory in 1800 was : whites 4,875, negroes 135, In-
dians 100,000. The boundaries of the Indiana
territory extended to the British possessions and
included what is now Illinois, Wisconsin, Michi-
gan and Indiana. The capital was at Vincennes

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and there were three counties, Knox, St. Clair and
Randolph. The latter two in Illinois. During
this period Governor William Henry Harrison
did great service in the allotments of the public
lands that were very beneficial to the early set-
tlers' whose means were very limited.

He also aided in the division of the territory.
In 1805 Aaron Burr made a treasonable move to
found his southwestern empire but failed. In
1809 Illinois by act of congress was made a sepa-
rate territory, John Boyle was appointed gover-
nor but declined, to accept a judgeship in the
Kentucky court of appeals. Ninian Edwards,
upon the recommendation of Henry Clay, was ap-
pointed territorial governor by President Madi-
son. Its population was estimated at 9,000.
The census of 1810 made it 12,282; 11,500
whites, 168 negro slaves. It is said that the
largest part of the territory was filled by a roving
band of Indian savages that outnumbered the
whites three to one. At this period territorial
revenue was raised by a tax on the land. The
land on the river bottoms was taxed one dollar
on every one hundred acres, uplands were seven-
ty-five cents on the one hundred acres. Horses
were taxed not to exceed fifty cents per head and
cattle ten cents. The entire revenue 1811 to 1814
was four thousand eight hundred seventy-five dol-
lars forty-five cents, only two thousand five hun-
dred sixteen dollars and eighty-nine cents paid
in to the treasury two thousand three hundred
seventy-eight dollars forty-seven cents remained
in the hands of deliquent sheriffs. This conduct
of the sheriffs remained a curse for many years
after Illinois was admitted as a state. Illinois
had her first constitutional convention at Kaskas-
kia in July, 1818, and the fifteen counties, St.
Clair, Randolph, Madison, Gallatin, Johnson,
Edwards, White, Monroe, Pope, Jackson, Craw-
ford, -Bond, Union, Washington and Franklin,
had thirty-two members. The convention signed
the new constitution August 26th, and without
ratification by the people. The new document took
effect at once, and in September the new state
officers were elected. The first general assembly
met October 5, 1818. In 1824 there was an effort
to call a new convention with the evident pur-
pose of making Illinois a slave state. Pike county

had sent Nicholas Hansen to the legis attire,
whose seat was contested by John. Shaw and as
the house needed one vote to submit the call for i
new convention Hansen was unseated and Shaw
admitted. The latter voted for the conventio i and
a great uprising then occurred and a howling
mob formed and marched the streets of Yan-
dalia, insulted Governor Coles, burned Hansen in
effigy and did many other things that they after-
ward regretted. The matter was submitted to a
Vote and after bitter canvass of eighteen months,
the effort to make llinois a slave state was de-
feated by i, 800 majority. The whole vote of the
state was 11,612. Thus we see that the early
pioneers were duly imbued with the glorious
principles shown in the declaration of independ-
ence and the ordinance of 1787. They were
earnest, far-seeing men and laid foundations
upon which the state structure stands to-day. The
people of Illinois suffered great losses from early
banking system and up to 1821 the state was
rich in "wild cat shin plaster money." In 1821
the Illinois State Bank was evolved with a capital
of a half million dollars, the issues bore two per
cent annual interest and were to be redeemed in
ten years by the state. An effort was made to
keep the bills at par with gold and silver and
they were to be made receivable at the land of-
fices. A vote was taken in the Illinois Senate when
Pierre Menard, the old Frenchman, was presiding
officer, and he put the question thus: "Gentle-
men of de senate, it is moved and seconded dat
de notes of dis bank be made land office money,
all in favor of dat motion say aye, all against it,
say no. It is decided in de affirmative and now
gentlemen, I bet you one hundred dollars he never
be made land office money." There was no takers
of the bes}:, but the sturdy old Frenchman was
correct as they never were and soon were utterly
worthless. In 1821 the counties of Greene, Fay-
ette, Montgomery, Lawrence, Hamilton, Sanga-
mon and Pike were established. Pike's territory
was then all between the Illinois and Mississippi
rivers up to the Wisconsin line. At this time the
state's population was nearly 75,000 with perhaps
nearly 100,000 Indians and 500 negroes.

Illinois has had the following governors: ist,
Shadrach Bond, St. Clair countv, October 6,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1818, to December 5, 1822; 2nd, Edward Coles,
Madison county. December 5, 1822, to Decem-
ber 6. 1826; 3rd, Ninian Edwards, Madison
county. December 6, 1826, to December 9, 1830;
4th, John Reynolds, St. Clair county, December

9, 1830, to November 13, 1834; 5th, William Lee
D. Ewing, Fayette county, November 17, 1834,
to December 3, 1834; 6th, Joseph Duncan, Mor-
gan county, December 3, 1834, to December 7,
1838; 7th, Thomas Carlin, Greene county, De-
cember 7, 1838, to December 8, 1842; 8th,
Thomas Ford, Ogle county, December 8, 1842.
to December 9, 1846 ; 9th, Augustus C. French,
Crawford county, December 9, 1846, to January

10, 1853; loth, Joel A. Matteson, Will county,
January 10, 1853, to January 12, 1857; nth,
William H. Bissell, St. Clair county, January 12.
1857, to March 15, 1860: I2th. John Wood,
Adams county, March 21, 1860, to January 14,
1861 ; 1 3th, Richard Yates, Morgan county, Jan-
ary 14, 1861, to January 16, 1865; i4th,Richard J.
Oglesby, Macon county, January. 1865, to 1869,
January 13, 1873, to January 23, 1873, January
30, 1885, to January 14, 1889; I5th, John M.
Palmer, Macoupin county, January n, 1869, to
January 13, 1873; i6th, John L. Beveridge, Cook
county, January 23, 1873, to January 8, 1877 ;
1 7th, Shelby M. Cullom, Sangamon county, Jan-
uary 8, 1877, to January 10, 1881, January 10,
1881. to February 6, 1883 ; i8th, John M. Hamil-
ton, McLean county, February 6, 1883, to Janu-
ary 30, 1885 ; i gth, Joseph W. Fifer, McLean
county. January 14, 1889, to January 10, 1893;
20th, John P. Altgeld, Cook county, January 10,
1893, to January n, 1897; 2ist, John R. Tanner,
Clay county, January 11. 1897, to January 14.
1901 : 22nd. Richard Yates. Morgan county. Jan-
uary 14, 1901. to January 14, 1905; 23rd, Charles
S. iVuren. Cook county. January 14, 1905. to the
present.

In eighty-seven years the state has had eleven
democrats and twelve republicans as governors.
In the old whig party days they were only in the
running but did not capture the prize. From 1810
to 1813 the territory of Illinois furnished 1,500
men for the Indian wars that the general govern-
ment was suppressing, and the state furnished
8,500 men in the Black Hawk war, 1832 to 1833.

In the .Mexican war Illinois was called upon
for thirty companies to rendezvous at Alton and
seventy-five companies responded. Governor
Ford selected thirty companies to go. In the
Civil war, 1861 to 1865, Illinois furnished 259,- .
147 men as follows: One hundred and fifty-five
infantry regiments, sixty-seven independent com-
panies, fifteen cavalry regiments, eighteen inde-
pendent cavalry companies, thirty-eight compa-
nies of light artillery. Washington army records
show that under the different calls for troops,
Illinois furnished 60,171 more men than her
quota, leading all the other' states in a total in
excess of 149,393. Ohio came next with 28,429;
Indiana, 25,511; Iowa, 13,897; New York, 5,517.
We have just cause to be proud of the great state
that gave a Lincoln, a Grant, a Logan and so
many other illustrious patriots and heroes-. Not
forgetting the great army of gallant boys that
carried the muskets and wore the imperishable
title of volunteer soldiers. For eighty-eight
years territorial and state history shows that Il-
linois has been the big and generous one in the
gifts of men for human rights.

Illinois had Kaskaskia as a territoral capital
and from 1818 to 1836 the state capital was at
Vandalia, and since that date Springfield has
been the seat of .government. The state has a
larger number of railroads with a greater ex-
tent of track than any other state in the union.
The railway interests are so vast and complicated
that they are under the supervision of a state
railway commission organized by the -last consti-
tutional convention. Illinois was the eighth state
admitted after the adoption of the federal consti-
tution. It is 388 miles long and 212 miles wide
and has in its borders 36,256,000 acres, and is
the third state in the rank of population. Its
corn crop in 1880 was 325,792,481 bushels, and
the nation's crop in 1905 was 2,707,993,400 bush-
els. In forty-seven years the Illinois Central
Railroad has paid into the state treasury in con-
formity with the law enacted at the instance of
Senator Stephen A. Douglas $20,581,528.26, in
sixty-three years there has been paid into the
state treasury from property tax over two hun-
dred millions dollars, and for over twenty-five
vears the state has been out of debt.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The state has had the following United States
Senators: Ninian Edwards, Jesse B. Thomas,
John McLean, Elias Kent Kane, David J. Baker,
John M. Robinson, William L. D. Ewing, Rich-
ard M. Young, Samuel McRoberts, Sidney
Breese, James Sample, Stephen A. Douglas,
James Shields, Lyman Trumbull, Orville H.
Browning, William A. Richardson, Richard
Yates, John A. Logan, Richard J. Oglesby, Da-
vid Davis, Shelby M. Cullum, Charles B. Far-
well, John M. Palmer, William E. Mason and
Albert J. Hopkins. Edwards, Thomas, McLean,
Robinson Kane, each had two terms, Douglas,
Trumbull and Logan three terms, Cullom four
terms. They were fifteen democrats, nine repub-
licans and one independent. From 1818 to 1832
the state had only one congressional district!
Shadrach Bond was the first delegate and served
in the twelfth and thirteenth congress. John Mc-
Lean was the first state congressman and was in
the fifteenth congress. In 1818 the state had one
member in congress and 1905 had twenty-five. In
the census of 1820 Illinois had nineteen counties
with 55,162 population. The smallest county
was Jefferson with 691, and the largest was Mad-
ison with 13,550. In the census of 1900 the state
had one hundred and two counties and 4,821,500
inhabitants, and in 1905 perhaps 5,250,000. The
state's growth has been wonderful. In 1830 a
gain of over 100,000; 1840, over 300,000; 1850,
a gain of nearly 400,000; 1860, over 860,000;
1870, nearly 828,000; 1880 nearly 540,000; 1890,
nearly 750,000; 1900, nearly 1,000,000 gain. The
little village of Chicago in 1833, now in 1906 is
the second city of the nation with over 2,000,000
population and the greatest interocean city in the
world.

ILLINOIS CONFEDERACY.

The Illinois confederacy, the various tribes of
which comprised most of the Indians of Illinois
at one time, was composed of five tribes: The
Tamaroas, Michigans, Kaskaskias, Cahokas, and
Peorias. The Illinois, Miamis and Delawares
were of the same stock. As early as 1670 the
priest Father Marquette mentions frequent visits
made by individuals of this confederacy to the
missionary station at St. Esprit, near the western

extremity of Lake Superior. At that time they
lived west of the Mississippi, in eight villages,
whither they had been driven from the shores of
Lake Michigan by the Iroquois. Shortly after-
ward they began to return to their old hunting
ground, and most of them finally settled in Illi-
nois. Joliet and Marquette, in 1673, met with a
band of them on their famous voyage of discov-
ery down the Mississippi. They were treated
with the greatest hospitality by the principal
chief. On their return voyage up the Illinois
river they stopped at the principal town of the
confederacy, situated on the banks of the river
seven miles below the present town of Ottawa.
It was then called Kaskaskia. Marquette re-
turned to the village in 1675 and established the
mission of the Immaculate Conception, the oldest
in Illinois. When, in 1679, LaSalle visited the
town, it had greatly increased, numbering 460
lodges, and at the annual assembly of the differ-
ent tribes, from 6,000 to 8,000 souls. In common
with other western tribes, they became involved
in the conspiracy of Pontiac, although displaying
no very great warlike spirit. Pontiac lost his life
by the hands of one of the braves of the Illinois
tribe, which so enraged the nations that had fol-
lowed him as their leader they they fell upon
the Illinois to avenge his death, and almost anni-
hilated them.

When Illinois was admitted into the Union in
1818, James Monroe was president of the United
States, also when Pike county was named in
1821. The author of the famous Monroe Doc-
trine will always live in the history of the world
and especially in the United States. The doc-
trine reads thus : "That we should consider any
attempt on the part of European powers to ex-
tend their system to any portion of this hemi-
sphere as dangerous to our peace and safety, and
that we could not view any interposition for the
purpose of oppressing or controlling American
governments or provinces in any other light than
as a manifestation by European powers as an un-
friendly disposition towards United States."
This doctrine immediately affected the course of
foreign governments, and has become the ap-
proved sentiment of the people of the United
States.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

This with many other notable words : Lincoln
"No man has a right to rule over another
without his consent," and "with malice toward
none, with charity for all ;" Grant : "Let us have
peace," and his heretofore unknown magnaminity
to Lee's soldiers; and with Roosevelt's splendid
saying, '"Tis not who or how rich, but how good
a citizen you are," has aided Illinoisans in being
among the best citizens in the universe. Many of
our citizens, past and present, have doubtless had
in mind this thought given by Epictetus, the Ro-
man stoic and philosopher, who lived and died
in the first and second century : "Remember that
you are an actor in a drama of such sort as the
author choses, if it be his pleasure that you should
act a poor man, see that you act it well, or a crip-
ple or a ruler or a private citizen, for this is your
business to act well a given part."

FIRST THINGS IN ILLINOIS— CHRONO-
LOGICAL TABLE.

THE FRENCH IN ILLINOIS, 1673-1765.

1673 — Illinois river explored and Mt. Joliet
named by Joliet and Marquette.

1674-1675 — Marquette revisits Illinois country.

1675 — Mission known as Kaskaskia mission near
present site of Utica founded by Mar-
quette.

1677 — Claude Allouez takes charge of the Kas-
kaskia mission.

1680 — Ft. Creve Coeur, near present site of Pe-
oria,. erected by LaSalle. Later the
same year he finds it destroyed.

1 682 — Ft. St. Louis, on Starved Rock, erected bv
LaSalle.

1687 — Assassination of LaSalle in Texas.

1699-1700 — Cahokia mission established.

1700 — Kaskaskia mission and the Kaskaskia In-
dians removed to the Mississippi. The
mission established near the present site
of Kaskaskia.

1717 — Illinois annexed to Louisiana.

1718-1720 — Ft. Chartres built near Prairie du
Rocher.

7720 — Renault introduces African slaves.

1723 — Renault land grant.

1754 — French and Indian war begins.

1756— Rebuilding of Ft. Chartres completed.

1758 — Ft. Massac erected by the French.

1763 — Illinois country together with Canada

ceded to English by the French.
1763-1764 — Pontiac's Conspiracy. British fail

to reach Illinois country.
1765 — Ft. Chartres surrenders to the British.

THE BRITISH DOMINION IN THE ILLINOIS COUN-
TRY, 1765-1778.

1768 — Colonel Wilkins organizes first British
Court at Ft. Chartres.

1769 — Pontiac assassinated by an Illinois Indian,
at Cahokia.

1771 — Mass meeting at Kaskaskia demands rep-
resentative privileges.

1772 — Ft. Chartres damaged by overflow of the
Mississippi and abandoned. Kaskaskia
made capital of Illinois country.

1775 — American revolution begins.

1778 — George Rogers Clark conquers the Illinois
country for Virginia.

ILLINOIS A COUNTY OF VIRGINIA, 1778-1784.

1778 — October. "County of Illinois" created by
the Virginia legislature.

1779 — February. Clark's expedition against Vin-
cennes. May. Col. John Todd, com-
mandant of "Illinois County," sets up
a temporary government at Kaskaskia.

1783 — Treaty of peace with Great Britain recog-
nizes title of the United States to the
Illinois country.

1784 — March i. Virginia cession of the North-
west Territory to the United States.

ILLINOIS UNDER TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT.
1784-1818.

1784 — April. First ordinance for the Northwest

Territory.
1785 — April. Massachusetts cedes her claim in

northern Illinois. May. Congressional

ordinance establishes township survey

system.
1786 — Connecticut cedes her claim in northern

Illinois.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1787 — July 13. Ordinance for the government
of the Northwest Territory.

1790 — Governor St. Clair visits Kaskaskia. The
county of St. Clair organized.

1795 — Judge Turner holds court for St. Clair
county. Removal of records from Ca-
hokia to Kaskaskia. Creation of Ran-
• dolph county. Treaty of Greenville.
Nearly all of Illinois reserved for In-
dian occupancy.

1799 — General Assembly organized for North-
west Territory. Illinois sends two rep-
resentatives.

1800 — May 7. Formation of Indiana territory,
which included Illinois.

1804 — Land office established at Kaskaskia. The
erection of Ft. Dearborn (Chicago) by
United States troops.

1805 — First election of a territoral house of dele-
gates for Indiana.

1806 — "Burr Conspiracy."

1809 — February 3. Illinois territory organized.
April 24, Ninian Edwards appointed
first Governor. June. The Governor
and judges first met as a law making
body at Kaskaskia.

181 1— Battle of Tippecanoe.

1812 — May 21. Illinois raised to the second grade
of territorial government. Election of
territorial officers and delegate to Con-
gress, October. First session of Terri-
torial Legislature at Kaskaskia, No-
vember 25. June. War of 1812 begins.
August 15. Massacre of Ft. Dearborn.
September 14. Creation of Madison,
Gallatin and Johnson counties. Novem-
ber. French village near present site of
Peoria destroyed by Captain Craig.

1813 — Pre-emption act passed by Congress for
Illinois.

1816 — Ft. Dearborn rebuilt. Act establishing
banks at Shawneetown and EcKvards-
. ville.

1817 — First steamboat. "The General Pike," as-
ceuds the Mississippi above Cairo.

1818 — April 1 8. — Act of Congress enabling the
people of Illinois to form a constitution
and fixing the present northern bound-

ary. August. Constitutional conven-
tion (elected in July) adopted and pro-
claimed a constitution.

II.LIXOIS A FRONTIER STATE, 1818-1848.

Sept. i7.^First election of State officers. Octo-
ber 5. First General Assembly met at
Kaskaskia. October 6. Shadrach Bond
inaugurated first governor of the State.
December 3. Illinois formally admitted
as a state.

1819 — Legislature provides for the selection of a
new capital.

1820 — Removal of State offices to Vandalia.

1821 — Legislature charters the State Bank of Il-
linois.

1823 — Legislature passes resolution for constitu-
tional convention. December 9. State
House destroyed by fire.

1824 — August 2. Attempt of pro-slavery men to
call a convention to amend the consti-
tution defeated. November. Special
session of the Legislature to amend the
election law.

1825 — First general school law enacted. Gen-
eral LaFayette visits Illinois. Illinois
and Michigan Canal association incor-
porated.

1826 — First steamboat began to ply on the Illi-
nois river.

1827 — Winnebago Indian scare near Galena. The
building of penitentiary at Alton. First
State institution. Congress makes a
grant of land for Illinois-Michigan
canal, in answer to a memorial from the
State Legislature.

1829 — Illinois college at Jacksonville founded.
Law providing commissioners for the
Illinois-Michigan canal. School laws
of 1825 repealed.

1831 — Congressional re-apportionment. Illinois
gets three Congressmen.

1832 — Black Hawk war.

1833 — -Chicago incorporated as a village. Its
first newspaper, "The Democrat." pub-
lished.

1835 — Illinois, Shurtleff and McKendree colleges

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

incorporated. December 7. Special ses-
sion of the Legislature to provide for a
canal loan and to re-district the State.

1836 — Old State house torn down and new one
erected. September 8. Elijah P. Love-
joy issues the first number of "The Ob-
server," at Alton.

1837 — February. Bill passed making Spring-
field future capital. Internal improve-
ment scheme. July 4. Corner stone of
State House at Springfield laid. Panic
°f '37- Special session of the Legis-
lature, July 10-22. November 7. Love-
joy killed by pro-slavery mob at Alton.
December 4. First Democratic conven-
tion at Vandalia.

1838 — Nov. 8. First locomotive in Illinois run
on the Northern Cross Railroad.

1839 — Completion of the Northern Cross Rail-
road by the State. The first line in Il-
linois. Act creating Asylum for the
Deaf and Dumb at Jacksonville. April
9. First daily paper in the State issued,
"The Daily American," of Chicago. Oc-
tober 7. First Whig convention in the
State. December 9. Special session of
the Legislature at Springfield, the capi-
tal having been removed there during
the year.

1840 — November. Special session of the Legis-
lature to provide money for interest on
State debt. Springfield incorporated as
a city.

1841 — $46,289.00 received from Congress as the
share of Illinois from sale of public
lands. Knox college opens.

1842 — Call for constitutional convention is de-
feated.

1843— Act of Legislature puts the State Bank
and the Bank of Illinois into liquida-
tion. State re-districted. Illinois gets
seven congressmen.

1844 — Legislature votes to submit call for con-
stitutional convention. June 27. Joseph
Smith killed by a mob while in jail at
Carthage.

1846 — Call for constitutional convention carried.
Expulsion of the Mormons. Troops

leave Alton for the Mexican war. Lin-
coln elected to the Thirtieth Congress.
1847 — Julle 7- Second constitutional convention
met at Springfield. Founding of the Il-
linois State Hospital for the Insane at
Jacksonville. First I'niversity of Chi-
cago chartered.

THE ERA OF SECTIONAL CONFLICT, 1848-1870.

1848 — New constitution ratified by the people,
Wisconsin admitted as a state. In spite
of Wisconsin's opposition, Congress
confirmed the northern boundary of Il-
linois as established by the enabling act
of 1818. Illinois-Michigan canal com-
pleted. First boat, "General Thornton,"
passes the entire length of the canal,
April 23.

1849 — Special session of Legislature charters In-
stitution for the Blind at Jacksonville ;
passes resolutions in favor of the "Wil-
mot Proviso ;'' enacts township organi-
zation law.

1850 — Congressional land grant for the Illinois
Central Railroad.

1851 — Completion of the Bloody Island dike, op;
posite St. Louis. The Illinois Central
Railroad Company incorporated. First
geological survey provided for.

1852 — June. Special session of Legislature en-
acted laws relating to. swamp, seminary,
and canal lands. Congressional re-ap-
pointment. Illinois gets nine congress-
men.

1853 — January i. State debt reaches highest
, point. $16,724,177. State Agricultural
Society incorporated. First state fair
held at Springfield. Act providing for
the erection of an executive mansion.
Sale of remaining lands of the State

1854 — Special session of the Legislature re-ap-
pointed the State for the General As-
sembly and established the office of
State Superintendent of Public Instruc-
tion. Ninian W. Edwards appointed
first superintendent.

1855 — General education act; basis of the pres-
ent school system.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1856 — May 29. State convention at Blooming-
ton organizes the republican party in Il-
linois. September. Completion of the
Illinois Central Railroad from Cairo to
East Dubuque.

1857 — Building of State Penitentiary at Joliet.
State Board of Education created. State
Normal University at Normal estab-
lished.

1858 — Republican State convention nominated
Lincoln for United States Senator.
Lincoln-Douglas debate.

1859 — Bill passed in relation to the "Canal
Fraud."

1860 — May 19. Lincoln nominated for presi-
dent at the republican national conven-
tion at Chicago. Elected November 6.

1861 — -General re-apportionment act. Illinois gets
thirteen congressmen. April 15. Presi-
dent Lincoln calls for volunteers. April
16. First call for volunteers by Gover-
nor Yates. April 19. Governor Yates
takes military charge of Cairo. April
23. Special session of Legislature for
war emergencies. April 26. Arms at
St. Louis seized and transferred to
Springfield. June 3. Death of Stephen
A. Douglas. August. Logan resigns
his seat in Congress and accepts com-
mission as colonel. September 4. U.
S. Grant takes command at Cairo. No-
vember. Election of delegates to the
constitutional convention.

1862 — January 7. Third constitutional conven-
tion met at Springfield. The constitu-
tion it drafted was rejected by the peo-
ple. Fall elections in Illinois go against
the State and national administrations
on the war issues.

1863 — General Assembly adopts a hostile atti-
tude toward the State and national ad-
ministrations. February. House passes
the "Armistice Resolutions.'' June 10.
Governor Yates prorogues the Legisla-
ture. June 17. Mass convention of
democrats opposed to the war meets at
Springfield. September 3. Union mass
meeting at Springfield.

1864 — March. Clash at Charleston between
soldiers and citizens opposed to the war.
August. Democratic national conven-
tion at Chicago nominated George B.
McClellan. November. Discovery of
plot to liberate Confederate prisoners at
Camp Douglas. Lincoln re-elected.

1865— Asylum for Feeble Minded Children at
Jacksonville and the Soldiers' Orphans'
Home at Normal established. Feb-
ruary i. Illinois the first State to rati-
fy the Thirteenth Amendment. April
14. Lincoln assassinated. May 5.
Buria.1 of Lincoln at Springfield.

1867 — Legislative acts: Illinois ratifies the Four-
teenth Amendment ; State Reformatory
at Pontiac established; Erection of
present State House provided for ; Es-
tablishment of Illinois Industrial Uni-
versity, now University of Illinois, at
Urbana ; State Board of Equalization
created; Office of State Entomologist
established. June. Special sessions
provided for taxing banks and bankir.g
corporations and for the management
of the State Penitentiary at Joliet.

1868 — May. Republican National Convention at
Chicago nominated U. S. Grant. No-
vember. Call for constitutional con-
vention carried by the people.

1869 — Legislative acts: Fifteenth Amendment
ratified ; Lincoln and West Park boards
created ; Establishment of State Board
of Charities ; Northern Hospital for the
Insane at Elgin and of the Southern
Hospital for the Insane at Anna. De-
cember 13. Fourth constitutional con-
vention met at Springfield.

THE ERA OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, I?70-IyOI.

1870. — Present constitution adopted in conven-
tion May 13, ratified by the people July
2, in force August 8.

1871 — Legislative acts: Railroad and Ware-
house Commission created. October
9-10. Great Chicago fire. October 13.
Special session of the Legislature to
relieve the city of Chicago. October 2O.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Governor Palmer protests against the
use of United States troops in Chicago.

1872 — Congressional and legislative reappor-
tionment. Illinois gets nineteen con-
gressmen.

1873 — Legislative acts: Women allowed to
hold office under the school law; Gov-
ernor Oglesby elected Senator; bill to
prevent discrimination in railroad rates ;
bill to establish three cent railroad fares.

1874 — State Board of Canal Commissioners
created. July 14. Second great fire in
Chicago.

1875 — January i. New State house occupied;
asylum for Feeble-Minded Children re-
moved to Lincoln.

1876 — Illinois railroad sustained by the United
States Supreme Court.

1877 — Legislative acts: Palmer- Logan contest;
election of David Davis United States
Senator; State Board of Health creat-
ed ; the State Commission of Claims es-
tablished ; appellate courts created ; ap-
propriation for the completion of the
State House. July 25. Beginning of
the great railroad strike at Chicago.

1878 — Amendment to the Constitution, giving
the Legislature power to create drain-
age districts.

1879 — Creation of the Bureau of Labor Statistics
and Board of Fish Commissioners ; tax-
ing power of cities and villages limited.

1880 — June. Republican national convention at
Chicago nominated James A. Garfield ;
greenback national convention nomi-
nated James B. Weaver at Chicago ; the
power of Railroad and Warehouse
Commission sustained by the Supreme
Court of the United States.

1881 — January. Last State bonds called in; the
State debt practically extinguished.
Legislative acts : Creation of the Board
of Dental Examiners and the Board of
Pharmacy ; pure food law.

1882 — State and congressional re-apportion-
ments; Illinois gets twenty congress-
men.

1883 — Legislative acts: Creation of State Min-
ing Board and the office of State Inspec-

tor of Mines; "Harper High License
Law."

1884 — June. Republican national convention at
Chicago nominated James G. Elaine.
July. Democratic national convention at
Chicago nominated Grover Cleveland.
An amendment to the Constitution, per-
mitting the Governor to veto items in
appropriation bills.

1885 — Legislative acts: Logan-Morrison sena-
torial contest, Logan elected; establish-
ment of Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at
Ouincy; office of State Veterinarian
and State Game Wardens; Illinois In-
dustrial University becomes the Uni-
versity of Illinois.

1886— Labor troubles: April. Railroad strike
at East St. Louis. March. Strike at
McCormick Harvester works. May 4.
Anarchist riot, Haymarket square, Chi-
cago. Trial and conviction of anarchists.
Amendment to the Constitution, for-
bidding the contracting of convict labor.

1887 — Legislative acts: Creation of Live Stock
Commission and the Industrial Home
for the Blind at Chicago; laws against
conspiracy ; provision for Arbor day.
Execution of Chicago Anarchists.

1888 — Republican national convention at Chi-
cago nominated Benjamin Harrison.

1889 — Legislative acts: Establishment of Asy-
lum for Insane Criminals at Chester;
State Horticultural Society, and Chicago
Sanitary District; a general school law
with compulsory clauses, "The Ed-
wards Law." Coal miners strike in La-
Salle and adjoining counties.

1890 — World's Columbian Exposition: Febru-
ary. Congress selects Chicago as the
site; special session of the Legislature
to provide for the Columbian Exposi-
tion ; amendment to the Constitution,
enabling Chicago to issue five millions
of five per cent, bonds for World's Fair
purposes. New University of Chicago
incorporated.

1891 — Legislative acts: Palmer-Oglesby sena-
torial contest ; Palmer elected by a com-

i6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

bination of democratic and F. M. B. A.
votes ; anti-trust law ; legal rate of in-
terest reduced to five per cent. ; child
labor law ; Australian ballot system is
adopted.

1892 — October I. Chicago University opened.
October 21. Dedication of World's
Fair buildings.

1893 — Legislative acts : Congressional and leg-
islative re-apportionment ; Illinois gets
twenty-two congressmen ; modification
of Edward's compulsory educational
law ; creation of the State Insurance
Department, State Board of Factory
Inspectors and State Home for Juve-
nile Female Offenders. June 26. Gov-
ernor Altgeld pardons the anarchists,
Nebee, Fielden and Schwab. World's
Columbian Exposition opened May i.
Closed October 30.

1894 — Labor troubles : Pullman and American
Railway Union strikes. State and Fed-
eral troops called out. Protest by Gov-
ernor Altgeld against the use of Fed-
eral troops in Chicago.

1895 — Legislative acts: Establishment of East-
ern Normal School at .Charleston, the
Northern Normal at DeKalb, Asylum
for Incurable Insane at Bartonville and
Farmer's institutes ; prison parole sys-
tem adopted ; inheritance tax law ; mu-
nicipal civil service law. Special ses-
sions, June 25 to August 2, provided
additional revenue and established the
State Board of Arbitration.

1896— July. Democratic national convention at
Chicago nominated William Jennings
Bryan and adopted the "Chicago Plat-
form."

1897 — Legislative acts : Establishment of State
Board of Pardons. State Board of Ex-
aminers of Architects, State Board of
Examiners of Horseshoers ; second
"Torrens Land Act" (first act of 1895
declared unconstitutional.)

1898 — Special session of the Legislature, Decem-
ber, 1897. February, 1898. New pri-

mary election law ; general revision of
the revenue law. ,,.

1899 — Legislative acts: "Juvenile Court Act;"
establishment of offices of State Food
Commissioner and State Commissioner
of Game; creation of Western Normal
School at Macomb.

1900 — Chicago drainage canal in operation; wa-
ter turned in January 2.

1901 — Legislative acts. Senatorial and congres-
sional re-apportionment. Illinois gets
twenty-five congressmen ; the "Little
Ballot Law ;" new primary election law.

THE CAPITALS AND CAPITOLS OF ILLINOIS.

Since its organization as a state, Illinois has
had three capitals or seats of government, and
five capitol buildings which were the property of
the State — three at Vandalia and two at Spring-
field. Of these five capitol buildings, three are
still standing, one at Vandalia, now the court
house of Fayette county, and two at Springfield,
one the present court house of Sangamon county,
and the other the present State capitol.

From the earliest occupation of the country
until its organization as a state in 1818, a period
of nearly 150 years, the seat of government was
at. or iii the near vicinity of, Kaskaskia.

During the occupation of the Illinois country
by the French and their immediate successors,
the British, the government was essentially mili-
tary in character, and the seat of government was
the principal fort or block house occupied as
headquarters by the military commandant of
the country. For a short time, about 1680, Fort
Creve Couer, near the present site of Peoria, was
the military headquarters of the country and the
seat of government, so far as the country had
a government and so far as that government re-
quired a seat. But the "American Bottom"
seemed to have greater attractions for the early
French settlers than any other part of the im-
perfectly explored country, and Kaskaskia soon
thereafter became the metropolis of the country,
the center of missionary effort among the Indians
as well as military headquarters and seat of gov-
ernment. In 1711, by royal decree of the king of

roc *TV tf*"

LINCOLN MONUMENT, SPRINGFIELD

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

France, the Illinois country ceased to be a de-
pendency of Canada and was attached to the Dis-
trict of Louisiana, the lieutenant commandant
and acting governor still maintaining his head-
quarters at Kaskaskia until the erection of Fort
Chartres about twenty miles northwest of Kas-
kaskia in 1720, which then became the seat of
government and so continued during the remain-
der of the French administration of affairs, and
after the British occupation in 1765 until 1772.
In this year the walls of the fort, yielding to the
gradually encroaching waters of the Mississippi,
tumbled into the river, and the military head-
quarters and seat of government were trans-
ferred once more to old Kaskaskia.

After the conquest of the country by the Vir-
ginia troops in 1778 under Colonel George Rog-
ers Clark, military headquarters were continued
at Kaskaskia; and when in 1778 Virginia created
the "County of Illinois," including^ not only all
the area of the present State, but that of Ohio
and Indiana as well, Colonel John Todd, of Ken-
tucky, was commissioned lieutenant command-
ant, with his headquarters at Kaskaskia, and was
acting governor of the entire region, which later
(1787) was organized as the Northwest Ter-
ritory.

From 1787 to 1800, while a part of the North-
west territory, Marietta first, and Chillicothe
and Cincinnati afterward, were the capitals of the
territory, but Illinois retained its name and ident-
ity as a county with its county seat at Kaskas-
kia until 1790, when the name of the county was
changed by Governor St. Clair, in honor of him-
self, to St. Clair county, and the county seat was
established at Cahokia. From this time until the
organization of the territory in 1809, "Illinois"
had no place upon the map and no legal status
anywhere; and Kaskaskia ceased to be the seat
of government, either civil or military, for terri-
tory or county, until 1795, at which time St. Clair
county was divided, Randolph being formed out
of the southern portion. The county seat of the
new county was fixed at Kaskaskia, where it re-
mained until its removal to Chester in 1848.

In 1800, when Indiana territory was organized
with General Harrison its first governor and
Vincennes its capital, the division of the Illinois

country into the two counties of St. Clair and
Randolph, with their respective county seats at
Cahokia and Kaskaskia, was continued; and in
1809, upon the organization of the Illinois terri-
tory, the same division of counties was preserved
and confirmed by proclamation of the acting gov-
ernor. By the act of 1809 creating the territory,
the name "Illinois" was officially restored to the
country and the government re-established at its
ancient seat at Kaskaskia.

During the territorial period of nine years and
the first two years of statehood with the seat of
government at Kaskaskia, it seems that no capi-
tol building, assembly hall for the Legislature
nor offices for the executive departments was
ever owned by the territory or State. Nothing
of the sort had been inherited by the common-
wealth nor were any provisions made for such
purchase or construction. Several of the early
historians inform us that the first territorial leg-
islature met (November 25, 1812) in a house
formerly occupied 'by the military commandant
during the French and English periods and de-
scribe it as "a large, rough old building of uncut
limestone, with steep roof and gables of un-
painted boards, situated in the center of a square.
The first floor, a large, low, cheerless room, was
fitted up for the House (seven members) and a
smaller room above for the Council (five mem-
bers). The two houses had one doorkeeper in
common and the twelve legislators constituting
the assembly all boarded with the same family
and lodged in the same room." However this
may be, it appears from the acts of the several
territorial legislatures and of the first General
Assembly of the State, that each assembly held
its session in a different building, or else that the
rented "capitol" was continually changing own-
ers. The appropriation bills of the various as-
semblies show that, at the first session of the
First Assembly, an appropriation was made (De-
cember 26, 1812) "To Hugh H. Maxwell, agent
for the heirs of Elijah Backus, deceased, for a
house for the use of the Legislature during the
present session, $1.00 per day for each day the
same may have been occupied." At the second
session of the same assembly no appropriation
was made for house rent; but (December n,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1813), there was appropriated to "John Hogue
for certain repairs done to the court house of
Randolph county for the use of the Legislature
during the present session, $15.00," and "To
Pierre Menard for plank furnished for repairs
on court house and for two tin pitchers, $10.40;"
from which it seems that this session was held in
the Randolph county court house. At the third
session an appropriation was made (December
24, 1814) "To James Gilbraith for firewood and
house rent, $1.25 per day during the present ses-
sion." At the ' fourth session an appropration
was made (January n, 1816) "To William Ben-
nett for house room and firewood during the
present session, $2.00 per day." Again at the
fifth session an appropriation was made (Janu-
ary 13, 1817) "To William Bennett, $2.00 per
day for rent and firewood for two days during
the present session," and "To William Morrison,
for house rent furnished the present session,
$1.50 per day." Again at the sixth and last ses-
sion of the territorial legislature an appropriation
was made (January 9, 1818) "To John W. Gillis,
$2.00 per day for each day the Legislature sat in
,his house at this session."

At the, second session of the First General As-
sembly of the State appropriations were made
(March 29, 1819) to cover rent for the two ses-
sions of the First General Assembly of the State,
as well as for the Constitutional Convention of
1818, as follows: "To George Fisher for the use
of three rooms of his house during the present
and preceding session, $4.00 per day ; also for the
use of one room during the sitting of the conven-
tion, $2.00 per day."

From these appropriation items it seems clear
that, while the seat of government remained at
Kaskaskia, neither the State nor the territory
owned a capitol building, that each legislature
was left to its own devices to provide a place of
meeting, and that each session secured a different
building, or, at least, paid rent to a different land-
lord. If, by the term, "Capitol" or "State House"
is meant any building in which the legislative
body holds its sessions, there, may have been, and
most probably were, several capitals at Kaskas-
kia. If, however, the term is restricted in its ap-
plication to a building owned by the State and

used for legislative assemblies and executive of-
fices, the first capitol of Illinois was located at
Vandalia.

THE FIRST STATE CAPITOL.

At the first session of the First General As-
sembly of the State, in compliance with section
13, of the schedule of the' constitution of 1818,
a petition was prepared arid approved (October
12, 1818) asking Congress to donate to the State
not less than one nor more than four sections of
land "situate on the Kaskaskia river, as near as
may be east of the third principal meridian for a
seat of government for this State." On March
3, 1819, Congress passed an act in conformity
with this petition donating four sections of land
for the purposes set forth in the petition, and on
March 30, 1819, at the second session of the
First General Assembly an act was passed in con-
formity to the constitution, appointing five com-
missioners who were authorized to make a proper
selection for a site, to employ a surveyor to lay
off a town, to select a name for the town, to sell
150 lots, not more than ten of which were to be
on the public square and to contract for the
building of a suitable house for the reception of
the General Assembly. The act provided that the
said house should be located on some lot belong-
ing to the State, but not on the public square,
that it should consist of two stories, and be of
sufficient capacity to accommodate the House of
Representatives on the lower floor and the Sen-
ate on the upper floor, with suitable rooms for the
council of revision, clerks, etc., all of which was
to be done within six months ; and the act further
provided, "That the next stated session of the
General Assembly shall be holden at the town
thus laid off and in the building before de-
scribed."

The commissioners did their work within the
time specified, locating the capital eight or ten
miles north of the point where the third principal
meridian crosses the Kaskaskia river. The place
was known at the time as "Reeve's Bluff," and
was about eighty miles from Kaskaskia and
twenty miles from the nearest "settlement." To
the capital they gave the name of Vandalia, and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the capitol building has been described as "a plain
two story wooden structure, the lower floor of
which was devoted to one room for the House of
Representatives and a passage and stairway to
the second floor. The second story consisted of
two rooms — the larger for the Senate chamber
and the smaller for the Council of Revision. The
Secretary of State, Auditor and Treasurer oc-
cupied offices, detached from the capitol, rented
for their use.

The State archives, constituting a small wagon
load, were removed from Kaskaskia to Vandalia
by Sidney Breese, then clerk to the Secretary
of State, for which service he received $25.00;
and the first session of the Second General As-
sembly met in the first capitol owned by the State.
December 4, 1820. During the session an act
was passed (January 27, 1821) approving and
confirming all the acts of the commissioners and
declaring Vandalia to be the "permanent seat of
government for twenty years from and after De-
cember i, 1820." Another act of this session
incorporated the town of Vandalia; and among
other powers and duties vested in the board of
trustees, they were authorized to "employ some
skillful person to paint the State House in a neat
and workmanlike manner, and to make such al-
terations in the chimneys of the house as they
may deem necessary." It was further made the
duty of the trustees of the town of Vandalia "to
take possession of and keep in good repair the
State House during each and every recess of
the General Assembly." The said trustees were
further authorized to "allow the Secretary of
State to occupy one of the small rooms in the
State House, and the Auditor of Public Ac-
counts the other small room until the meeting of
the next General Assembly."

THE SECOND CAPITOL.

The building just described was destroyed by
fire December 9, 1823, after having been occu-
pied but three years, and was succeeded by a
more pretentious brick structure costing about
$15,000, of which amount the citizens of Van-
dalia contributed $3,000. This second State cap-
itol was erected during the summer of 1824. In

Governor Cole's biennial message (November 16,
1824) he says concerning the rebuilding of the
capitol: "The citizens of Vandalia have rebuilt
it, and will, doubtless, not be disappointed in
their just expectation of being reimbursed for the
expenses they have incurred in thus providing for
the public accommodation." The confidence of
the citizens, it seems, was not misplaced ; for the
General Assembly made an appropriation (De-
cember 8, 1824) of $12,164.71 to different citi-
zens of Vartdalia, to be paid in the paper of the
State Bank of Illinois, for money, labor and ma-
terial advanced in the construction of the new
capitol. This capitol continued in use until 1836,
the last legislative session held in the building
being the second session of the Ninth General
Assembly (December 7, 1835, to January 13,
1836).

The schedule to the constitution providing for
the location of the capital specified that the place
chosen should remain the capital for a period of
twenty years, and the act changing the capital
from Kaskaskia to Vandalia specifically declared
Vandalia to be the "permanent seat of govern-
ment for twenty years on and after December i,
1820;" still, before half of the specified twenty
years had passed, the question of removal was
agitated and a strong sentiment was soon created
in favor of a location farther north and nearer the
center of population, which was already leaving
Vandalia far to the south. In 1833, this senti-
ment took shape in an act of the Eighth General
Assembly (February 5) providing, "That at the
next election to be held in 'the several counties
of this State for members of the Legislature,
there shall be opened at each place of voting, a
book, in which shall be entered the votes of the
qualified voters in favor of the following named
places, as their choice for the permanent location
of the seat of government of this State, after the
time prescribed by the constitution for its re-
maining at Vandalia, to-wit : Geographical center
of the State, Jacksonville, Springfield, Vandalia,
Alton and Peoria. The place receiving the high-
est number of votes shall forever thereafter re-
main the seat of government of the State of Illi-
nois." The question was submitted to the people
in accordance with the provisions of this act and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the election, which was held August 4, 1834, re-
sulted as follows :

Votes

The Geographical Center received 790

Jacksonville received 273

Springfield received 7>°75

Peoria received 423

Alton received 8,157

Vandalia received 7.73°

At this election Sangamon county polled the
largest vote of any county in the State, 2,297 (51
votes more than were cast for sheriff at the same
election), of which 2,261 were for Springfield,
21 for the Geographical Center (which was sup-
posed to be in the immediate neighborhood of II-
liopolis), i for Jacksonville, 3 for Peoria, 10 for
Alton, and I for Vandalia. Putman, on the other
hand, polled the smallest vote, only 4, of which
3 went to Peoria and i to Springfield ; 369 votes
were cast in this county for sheriff at the same
election. Cook county, like Putman, was more
interested in local affairs than in locating a State
capital, casting at this election 515 votes for sher-
iff and but 52 on the capital question. Of these
52 Cook county votes Peoria received 23 and
Springfield 13, while 9 went to the Geographical
Center, 4 to Vandalia, 2 to Jacksonville, and i to
Alton. Fayette county was naturally interested
in the question and, while but 627 votes were cast
for sheriff, 668 votes were rounded up on the
question of locating the capital ; of which Alton
received 7, Peoria 2, Springfield I, and Vandalia
the remaining 658. Calhoun was the only county
casting a unanimous vote for any place, Alton
receiving her entire vote of 158.

THE THIRD CAPITOL.

Though Alton received the highest number of
votes and was entitled, under the act of 1833, to
be made the permanent seat of government, this
fact was never officially declared, and so far as
the public records show, the vote was never can-
vassed, nor the matter referred to during either
session of the Ninth Assembly. Outside of the
Legislature, however, the matter continued to be
discussed, and one of the arguments in favor of

removal was the need of a better State house,
and as one had to be built it would be better to
locate it nearer the center of population. The
wide-awake citizens of Vandalia, who had al-
ready built one State capital without legislative
warrant, sought to overcome this argument and,
accordingly, in the summer of 1836, during the
recess of the General Assembly, tore down the
building which they had built twelve years be-
fore and used the material so far as it was avail-
able in the construction of a new capitol at a
cost of about $16,000. Of this amount $6,000
was paid by Governor Duncan out of the con-
tingent fund and $10,000 advanced by the citizens
of Vandalia. No law "had been enacted authoriz-
ing the destruction' of the old State house nor the
construction of a new one, but the self-sufficient
citizens of Vandalia took the matter into their
own hands as they had done in 1824, and the first
official reference to the tearing down of the old
capitol and replacing it with a new one is found
in a brief paragraph of Governor Duncan's mes-
sage to the Tenth General Assembly (Decem-
ber 9, 1836), as follows:

"In consequence of the dilapidated and failing
condition of the old State house, the public offi-
cers, mechanics and citizens of this place, believ-
ing that the Legislature would have no place to
convene or hold their session, have built the
house you now occupy. This work has been done
in a time and under circumstances which evinces
an industry, zeal and public spirit that does honor
to the place and commands our grateful acknowl-
edgment, and I hope their services and expenses
will be promptly remunerated."

The work done on this building was certainly
of a character superior to that of 1824, for, after
a lapse of sixty-three years, the building still
stands and is the present court house of Fayette
county.

The last session of the Legislature to meet at
Vandalia was the first session of the Eleventh
General Assembly which convened December 3,
1838. During this session (February 16. 1839)
an act was passed conveying the capitol, built less
than four years before, to the county of Fayette
and the town of Vandalia, the west half of the
building to the county to be used as a court

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

house and the east half to the town for school
purposes, while all the unsold lots belonging to
the State within the original four sections
granted by the general government to the State,
were conveyed to the county of Fayette, to be
sold by the county commissioners, and the pro-
ceeds to constitute a road and bridge fund for the
county. Until 1857 the east half of the old cap-
itol was used for school purposes as contemplated
by the act of 1839. In 1851 the "Fayette Semi-
nary" was incorporated, and under its charter
was entitled to the east half of the building "to
be held and used as a county seminary." So far
as can now be ascertained, the trustees never or-
ganized an actual school under this charter, but
June 19, 1856, they conveyed the property to the
county of Fayette. This conveyance was legal-
ized by special act of the Legislature (February
15< l&57-) The proceeds of the sale were turned
over to the Vandalia school district, and the old
capitol and surrounding grounds have since be-
longed to the county of Fayette. Since that time
the building has undergone material changes
both as to its outside appearance and interior ar-
rangement. In 1858-59 the county spent about
$50,000 in remodeling the building, the original
cost of which was less than one-third of this sum.
Besides a complete re-arrangement of the inter-
ior, handsome porticoes were added to the north
and south sides of the building, supported by mas-
sive brick pillars which added much to the archi-
tectural appearance of the plain old capitol. After
a lapse of forty years these brick pillars were re-
placed in the summer of 1899 by modern iron
columns. For many years it was one of the hand-
somest and largest court houses in the State, and
even yet it surpasses many of the county build-
ings erected in other counties half a century later.
The enterprising move On the part of the "pub-
lic officers, mechanics and citizens" of Vandalia,
however, did not settle the State house question
for an act was passed (February 25, 1837), pro-
viding that the long-discussed question should be
settled by joint ballot of the two houses, to be
convened in joint session for that purpose, three
clays after the passage of the act. Accordingly,
on February 28, 1837, at 10 o'clock a. m., the two
houses met in joint session and on the fourth

ballot Springfield was chosen as the new capitol,
receiving 73 votes, a majority over all competi-
tors for the prize. On the final ballot Vandalia
received 16 votes, Jacksonville n, Peoria 8, Al-
ton 6, Illiopolis 3, and i vote each was received
by Bloomington, Shawneetown, Hillsboro, Graf-
ton, Caledonia and Essex.

THE FOURTH CAPITOL.

Already an act had been passed (February n,
1837), making an appropriation of $10,268.82,
including twenty-eight separate items, "in full of
all materials furnished, money advanced, and the
work and labor done to and upon the said State
house," so that the" "public officers, mechanics
and citizens" of Vandalia were reimbursed for
their outlay on the third capitol, and on March
3, 1837, an act supplemental to the act of Febru-
ary 25 was passed authorizing the commissioners
of Sangamon county to convey to the State the
"public square" in Springfield, containing two
and one-half acres, more or less, and naming
Archibald Job, A. G. Henry and Thomas Hou-
gan (or Hogan) as a board of State House
Commissioners to superintend the erection of the
new capitol. Fifty thousand dollars had already
been appropriated for building purposes, the citi-
zens of Springfield subscribed $50,000 additional,
and the corner stone of the new building was laid
with impressive ceremonies July 4, 1837. Major
E. D. Baker, ten years later a Representative in
Congress from this State, and still later a United
States Senator from Oregon, who fell in one of
the early engagements of the Civil war, was the
orator of the day; and the oration of this bril-
liant young lawyer is said to have been worthy
of the occasion. Dr. Hogan declined to act as
State House Commissioner, and William Hern-
don, in 1839, was appointed to fill the vacancy.
John F. Rague was selected by the commission-
ers as the architect, and the work went forward
on the new capitol. A few months only had been
required to complete either of the former capi-
tols, but this was a more serious undertaking,
and its completion proved to be the work of years
instead of months, the last of the numerous "ap-
propriations for completion of the State house"

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

being made in 1851 and the work completed in
1853, sixteen years after the laying of the corner
stone, and at a total cost of about $260,000, in-
stead of $120,000 as first estimated.

The commissioners made their last report to the
Twelfth General Assembly (December 15, 1840)
in which they reported an expenditure of $182,-
800, besides liabilities incurred to the amount of
$29,153, and estimated as necessary to complete
the building a further appropriation of $39,000.
They were immediately legislated out of office
and a new commission was appointed, consisting
of the, Secretary of State, Auditor and Treasurer,
who, at this time, were James Shields, Lyman
Trumbull and Milton Carpenter, respectively.
They were authorized to effect a settlement with
former commissioners and to complete the con-
struction of the State house, for which work
$7,000 was appropriated. Two thousand six hun-
dred dollars more was appropriated at the next
session, and in 1847 the Governor was given a
place on the commission instead of the Secretary
of State, and $20,000 more appropriated to com-
plete the work. In 1849 the new commission re-
ported that work had been done and contracts
made which had exhausted all available funds
and $7,000 additional was appropriated, and
again in 1851 $i 1,000, the final appropriation for
completing the capitol ; but in 1854 $20,000 was
further appropriated for enclosing and embellish-
ing the grounds about the building so as to "cor-
respond with and be equal to the court house
square in the city of Chicago."

THE FIFTH CAPITOL.

The State capitol, the corner stone of which
had been laid with impressive ceremonies July
4, 1837, was fifteen years in building; and, fif-
teen years after its completing, it was so inade-
quate to the wants of the State that the erection
of a new capitol seemed imperative. At the time
of is erection it was the architectural wonder of
the State and commonly considered beyond the
necessity of the times, and the tax-paying abili-
ties of the commonwealth. It was frequently
characterized as a monument of extravagance,
and excused on the ground of State pride rather

than the immediate or future necessities of the
State government. The population of the State
in 1837 was less than a half million. In 1867 it
was nearly two and one-half millions ; an increase
of four hundred per cent in thirty years. In the
meantime Springfield had grown from a town of
1,100 to one of 17,000, while Chicago had in-
creased from 4,000 to about a quarter of a mil-
lion. The increase in wealth had more than kept
pace with the growth of population ; and in 1867
(February 25) the Twenty-fifth General Assem-
bly passed an act providing for the erection of a
new State house. This act authorized the Gov-
ernor to convey to the county of Sangamon and
the city of Springfield the existing capitol and
grounds in consideration of $200,000 and the
further consideration of the site for the erection
of the new capitol. The act limited the cost to
three million dollars, and named a board of seven
commissioners to carry out' the provisions of the
act in superintending the erection of the building.
The act contained an emergency clause and the
commissioners proceeded to their work without
delay. On March II, 1868, ground was broken
for the new building. On June nth the first
stone was laid, and on October 5, 1868, the
formal laying of the corner stone took place.
Judge J. D. Caton making the principal address
— an eloquent and scholarly essay of historic
value, fortunately, has found a place in the prin-
cipal libraries of the State. In September, 1869,
the foundation was completed at a cost of nearly
half a million dollars ; in 1876 the capitol was first
occupied in an unfinished condition; in 1885 the
final appropriation was made, and it was com-
pleted in 1888.

The first appropriation, $450,000, made in 1867,
was wholly exhausted before the completion of
the foundation, which cost $465,686.67. In 1869,
a further appropriation was made of $450,000 ; in
1871, $600,000 more; in 1873, $1,000,000, and in
1875, $800,000. These appropriations made a
total of three and one-half million dollars, the
limit fixed by the constitution of 1870, beyond
which the Legislature could not go without a vote
of the people ratifying further appropriation. In
1877, an appropriation of $531,712, contingent
upon the approval of the people, was made for

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the completion of the State house, and submitted
at the November election of that year. The prop-
osition received but 80,222 affirmative votes out
of a total of 389,189 cast at the election. Again,
in 1881, a similar appropriation was made and
again submitted at the election in November,
1882, and was again defeated, receiving but 231,-
632 votes out of a total of 532,683. Again, in

1884, the same proposition was once more sub-
mitted to a vote at the November election, and se-
cured the endorsement of the people, receiving
364,796 votes out of a total of 673,086. June 29,

1885, an act was passed to render effective the
act of 1883, and the final appropriation of $531,-
712 was made available after October i, 1885. A
new State house commission was appointed by
the Governor to superintend its expenditure, and
the capitol was completed in 1888, twenty-one
years after its building was authorized. The sev-
eral appropriations enumerated above, together
with smaller sums appropriated during the prog-
ress of the work, as well as during the years
when work was practically suspended, made for
repairs, for protection and preservation of work
already done; for vaults, laying walks upon the
grounds, planting trees, and other items, not,
perhaps, properly chargeable to the first cost of
building, amounted in the aggregatte to nearly
four and one-half million dollars.

The first Board of State House Commission-
ers, named in the act of 1867, consisted of seven
members as follows: John W. Smith, John J.
S. Wilson, Philip Wadsworth, James C. Robin-
son, William T. Vandeveer, William L. Hamble-
ton and James H. Beveridge. March 12, 1867,
Jacob Bunn was appointed, vice John J. S. Wil-
son, and on the organization of the board was
elected president of the commission. In 1869
the board, by act of the General Assembly, was
reduced to three members, and the Governor re-
appointed Jacob Bunn, James C. Robinson and
James H. Beveridge, of the old commission, to
constitute the new board, of which Mr. Bunn
was made president and Mr. Beveridge secre-
tary. In 1871 Mr. Robinson resigned his ap-
pointment and John T. Stuart was named to fill
the vacancy. These commissioners continued to
act until 1877, at which time, there being no

funds available for carrying on the work of
building, they were relieved, by act of the Gen-
eral Assembly, from further duty. After the
favorable vote of 1884, ratifying the legislative
appropriation of 1883, Governor Hamilton ap-
pointed, December 30, 1884, a new board, con-
sisting of General John Cook, Rheuna D. Law-
rence and John O'Neill ; but, on the assembling
of the Legislature the Senate failed to confirm
these appointments, and Governor. Oglesby ap-
pointed George Kirk, William Jayne and John
McCreery, who directed the expenditure of the
final appropriation and completion of the building.

In response to an advertisement by the first
board of commissioners offering a premium of
$3,000 for the best design for the building, twen-
ty-one designs were submitted, from which that
of John C. Cochrane, of Chicago, was chosen,
July 2, 1867, ancl m Januar>'» I868, Mr. Cochrane
was appointed architect and superintendent of
the works, on a contract of two and one-half
per cent of the cost of the building and W. D.
Clark, of Davenport, was appointed assistant su-
perintendent. In 1886 Alfred H. Pinquenard,
of the firm of Cochrane &Pinquenard, undertook
the personal supervision of the work, and acted
as resident supervising architect until his death,
November 19, 1876. M. E. Bell, who had been
appointed assistant superintendent in 1874, vice
W. D. Clark, assumed the personal supervision
of the work after the death cf Mr. Pinquenard.

This great work, continuing through twenty-
one years, was not carried forward without de-
lays and embarrassments. From the first there
was a strong element in the State opposed to the
construction of the building. At first this oppo-
sition was confined to interested localities that
wanted the capital located elsewhere, but as times
got "hard" and the appropriations began to
mount into the millions, the opposition became
more wide-spread and of deeper significance. As
early as 1871, petitions, carrying 40,000 names,
were presented to the Generaly Assembly, ask-
ing that further appropriations be withheld until
the questions of location and cost could be sub-
mitted to a vote of the people. Peoria made a
munificent bid for the transfer of the capital to
that city, and Chicago, in protest against the in-

26

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

adequate accommodations of the old building
and the slow progress of the new one, invited the
Twenty-seventh General Assembly to hold its
adjourned session in Chicago, offering suitable
assembly halls, executive and committee rooms
free of charge to the State. This offer, in spite
of the constitutional provision that all sessions
of the General Assembly must be held at the
capital, was accepted by joint resolution of the
assembly. The great conflagration which, in
1871, swept away all the public buildings of Chi-
cago, prevented the carrying out of this plan and
avoided the possible complications which might
have arisen on account of it. From 1875 to 1885
no appropriation was made available for prose-
cuting the work, and for about eight years no
progress was made toward the completion of the
building, nothing being attempted between 1877
and 1885 except to protect the work done pre-
vious to that time. No report of the last board
of commissioners is on file concerning the com-
pletion of the building, but the Auditor's reports
show that the last of the appropriation of 1885
was expended in 1888.

The site selected for the building and given
by the county of Sangamon and city of Spring-
field, in part consideration of the transfer of the
old capitol and grounds to the city and county,
is a beautiful plot of ground about one-fourth
of a mile southwest of the old capitol, containing
eight and one-half acres, sloping gently toward
the east, the direction in which the capitol faces
the business part of the city. The original plans
contemplated a further addition of ground to the
south end of the site which, unfortunately, was
never secured, and the south portico of the build-
ing, as provided for in the original design, was
never constructed, for want of necessary space,
the south wall of the south wing being flush
with the street.

The building, in the form of a Latin cross, is of
the composite order of architecture in which
modern effects of utility and convenience are
happily combined with the strength and beauty
characteristic of ancient styles of building. The
circular foundation, ninety-two and a half feet
in diameter, upon which the great dome rests, is
twenty-five and a half feet below the grade line,

based upon the solid rock, and the walls support-
ing the dome are seventeen feet in thickness from
the foundation to the floor of the first story. The
foundation for the outer walls is eleven to sixteen
feet below the grade line, these walls being nine
feet thick up to the first floor. The foundation
walls are all built of granular magnesian lime-
stone of unquestioned strength and durability, ob-
tained from the Sonora quarries of Hancock
county. The outer walls of the superstructure are
constructed of Niagara limestone, the lower story
from the quarries of Joliet, and the upper stories
from Lemont. The extreme length of the build-
ing from north to south is 379 feet, and from east
to west 268 feet. The height from ground line
to top of dome is 361 feet, and to tip of flag staff
405 feet — higher, exclusive of the flag staff by
74 feet, than the dome of the national capitol at
Washington. The building consists of basement,
first, second and third stories, gallery floor and
dome. The basement is used for vaults, en-
gine rooms, carpenter shop, and storerooms
for various purposes. The first floor is de-
voted (1899) largely to offices for various
State boards, the east wing being occupied
by the Railroad and Warehouse Commission on
the north side, and by the Bureau of Labor Sta-
tistics and State Board of Health on the south
side; the north wing, by the Superintendent of
Insurance on the east side, and by the land de-
partment of the Auditor's office, the Farmers'
Institute and the supply department of the Secre-
tary of State on the west ; the west wing by the
Board of Live Stock Commissioners on the north
side and by the chambers of the Supreme Judges
on the south, while the south wing contains the
office of clerk of the Supreme Court, the ship-
ping department of the Secretary of State's of-
fice and the War Museum on the west side, and
the offices of the Adjutant General and State
Board of Pharmacy on the east. The second floor
(called the main floor by the architect, and origi-
nally reached from the outside by a broad flight of
marble steps on the east front) contains the ex-
ecutive offices, the east wing being occupied by
the Governor's suite of rooms on the north side
and the Secretary of State's on the south ; the
north wing by the State Board of Public Chari-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ties, the Board of Agriculture and Agricultural
Museum on the east side and the offices of the
Auditor and Treasurer on the west ; the west wing
by the Attorney General's office on the north side,
the Law Library in the west end, while the south
side of this wing and the west side of the south
wing are devoted to the use of the Supreme
Court. The east side of the south wing is oc-
cupied by the State Superintendent of Public In-
struction and the anti-trust and index depart-
ments of the office of the Secretary of State.

On the third floor the north wing is occupied
by the Senate Chamber, the south wing by the
Hall of the House of Representatives, the east
wing by the Geological and Natural History
Museum and offices of the State Board of Par-
dons and Printer Expert, and the west wing by
the State Library and State Historical Library.
There are also numerous committee rooms and
offices- for the officers of the General Assembly
on this floor, while the gallery floor and mansard
story are wholly occupied by committee rooms.

The porticoes of the east and north fronts, sup-
ported by massive arches and columns of Joliet
limestone and stately pillars of polished Fox Is-
land granite, with the gigantic but perfectly pro-
portioned and graceful dome, constitute the
notable architectural features of the outer build-
ing, while the magnificent rotunda and grand
stairway of the interior were the special pride of
the architects and builders.

The floors of the rotunda and of the corridors
are mosaic work of different colored marble. The
walls of the rotunda in the first and second
stories and to the spring of the arches, as well as
the arches themselves, are of solid stone faced
with Bedford blue limestone and Missouri red
granite. The grand stairway, leading from the
second floor to the third, constructed of solid
marble, with columns, pilasters, arches, rails, bal-
usters, wainscoting and soffits connected with it,
also of solid marble, was, at the time of its con-
struction, considered superior in design, mate-
rial and finish, to any similar stairway in the
world. The polished columns in the second story
of the rotunda are of Missouri red granite with
bases of blue granite and rich foliated caps of
Tuckahoe marble. The wainscoting of the cor-

ridors of vari-colored marbles, domestic and im-
ported (including white Italian, Alps green, Lis-
bon, Glens Falls, old Tennessee, Concord, and
other varieties) artistically paneled, is a piece of
work unexcelled for beauty and durability and in
perfect harmony with the other parts of the spa-
cious hallways. The ceilings of the principal
rooms are heavily paneled and tastefully deco-
rated ; those of the Supreme Court room and the
Assembly halls being particularly worthy of note.

The paintings and statuary intended to adorn
the interior are hardly in keeping with the archi-
tectural beauty of the building, though some of
the work is of unquestioned merit. The panels
of the main corridor of the first floor are deco-
rated with paintings illustrative of scenes and
events closely connected with the early history
of the State, such as old Fort Chartres on the
Mississippi, Starved Rock on the Illinois, old
Fort Dearborn, New Salem in the time of Lin-
coln, General Grant taking command of the
troops at Cairo at the beginning of the Civil war,
Marquette and Joliet in a conference with the In-
dians during the earliest recorded exploration of
Illinois in 1673, and Governor Coles liberating
his slaves as they drift down the Ohio river in a
flat boat on their immigration to Illinois. A large
painting representing Col. George Rogers Clark
negotiating a treaty with the Illinois Indians fills
the large panel on the wall above the landing of
the grand stairway. Full length portraits of Lin-
coln and Douglas are found in the hall of the
House of Representatives, and of Washington
and Lafayette in the State Library, while por-
traits, varying widely in artistic merit, of all the
Governors of the State adorn the walls of the
Governor's office.

In the center of the first floor at the intersection
of the main corridors, as a relic of the World's
Fair at Chicago, stands a bronze female figure
of heroic size representing "Illinois welcoming
the world," to the Columbian Exposition of 1892.
This piece of statuary was placed on exhibition
by the woman's exposition committee during the
exposition, in the Illinois building, and was trans-
ferred to the state after the close of the fair.

On the second floor are marble statues of Lin-
coln, Douglas and Governor Wood, and high up

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

on the walls of the rotunda on pedestals near the
base of the inner dome are heroic bronze casts
of eight men prominent in the civil and military
history of the state — Ninian Edwards, governor
by appointment and re-appointment during the
entire territorial period, 1809 to 1818, and third
of governor of the state; Shadrach Bond, the
state's first governor; Edward Coles, the second
governor ; Sidney Breese, judge of the supreme
court of the state for many years, and United
States senator ; Lyman Trumbull, United States
senator and eminent jurist; U. S. Grant, com-
mander of all the armies of the Union at the close
of the Civil war and afterwards twice elected to
the presidency ; John A. Logan, Major General of
Volunteers during the Civil war, and afterwards
for many years United States senator — a brilliant
figure in the military and political history of the
state; and William R. Morrison, eminent, alike,
as a statesman and jurist, the only one of these
eight worthies still living.

Still above these statues, and just at the base of
the inner dome, is a series of allegorical and his-
torical pictures, in bas relief, of conceded artis-
tic merit. Among them are the discussion of the
stamp act, in the Virginia House of Burgesses,
with Patrick Henry as the central figure, making
his memorable address, and Washington and
Richard Henry Lee among his attentive auditors ;
the evacuation of Yorktown by the British forces ;
Peter Cartwright, the pioneer preacher, conduct-
ing a religious service in a "settler's" cabin ; the
surrender of Black Hawk at Prairie du Chien ;
and a joint debate between those giants of the
political forum, Abraham Lincoln and Stephen
A. Douglas, in their great campaign of 1858. In
these historical representations all of the figures
are supposed to be portraits of historical charac-
ters. Many of them are easily recognized, but
others it seems impossible to identify, as the
gifted artist, T. Nicolai, who designed and exe-
cuted the work, dying before it was wholly com-
pleted, left no key to the different groups so
graphically represented.

It is difficult to describe in detail such a build-
ing without making the description tedious to the
average reader. It is unnecessary, perhaps, to de-
scribe it at all. It stands to speak for itself, and

except for some unforeseen disaster, will yet
stand for many years a monument to the fore-
sight of those who conceived it, as well as to the
skill of the architects and workmen who designed
and constructed it. At the time of its construc-
tion there was no public building in the United
States, except the capital at Washington, to com-
pare with it in size, cost or elegance ; and now.
thirty-five years after the drawing of the plans
by which it was built, there are few buildings in
the country surpassing it for architectural beauty
or which more adequately serve the purpose for
which they were intended.

THE CAPITAL CITIES OF ILLINOIS.

KASKASKIA.

No reliable data can be found from which the
earliest settlement of Kaskaskia may positively
be determined. Authentic records show that in
1675 Marquette established a mission among the
Kaskaskia Indians, known as the Kaskaskia Mis-
sion, near the present site of Utica, LaSalle
county, and that, on account of the repeated at-
tacks of the warlike Iroquois, this mission, with
a considerable body of the Kaskaskia Indians, was
removed, in 1700, to the present site of Kaskas-
kia. Some authorities claim that a settlement had
previously been formed here as early as 1682 by
some of LaSalle's followers on the return voyage
from their exploration of the lower Mississippi.
Others" state that the first settlement was the estab-
lishment at this point of a trading post by Tonti
in 1685. It is probable that the settlement was
no continuous from the first, for the early French
traders and trappers were as migratory in their
habits as the Indians themselves ; and probably
those authorities are not far wrong who fix the
earliest settlement in 1700, reckoning from the
date of the transfer of the Kaskaskia Mission from
the upper waters of the Illinois to the lower Kas-
kaskia river. It is .known, at least, that Kaskas-
kia was among the earliest French settlements in
the Illinois country, that it soon outstripped all of
its neighboring villages in wealth and population,
and at an early date became the center of coloniza-
tion and exploration, as well as the headquarters

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of missionary effort and mercantile and military
enterprise in that part of New France known as
the Illinois country. The first military occu-
pation of the village by the French govern-
ment was in 1718. 1719 saw the first
regular parish organization. A monastery and
college were erected as early as 1721, and in 1725
the village was incorporated and received from
Louis XV. a grant of commons to the inhabitants.
Under French rule the village gradually increased
in population and importance, until in 1763, at the
close of the French and Indian war, it is said to
have had a population of 2,000 or 3,000. These
figures, however, are not well authenticated. In
1765, at the time of the British occupation, a large
proportion of the population, estimated at one-
third of the whole, left the village and took up
their residences at St. Louis and Ste. Genevieve.
on the west bank of the Mississippi. During the
Piritish occupation,' from 1765 to 1778, few acces-
sions were made to the village ; but after the con-
trol passed into the hands of the colonies, at the
close of the Revolutionary war, the tide of emi-
gration from the older colonies set toward Kas-
kaskia ; but its growth was slow until afte'r the
organization of Illinois as a territory. The terri-
torial period, from 1809 to 1818, included the
most prosperous years in the history of the vil-
lage, and- after the removal of the state capital
to Vandalia it never again acquired so large a
population as it had fA that time. On the other
hand, the village since that event has steadily di-
minished in population and importance, and even
its ancient site is disappearing, a prey to the an-
nual spring floods of the Mississippi. In 1818,
Kaskaskia was incorporated as a town under the
laws of the territory. In 1820, the state govern-
ment removed to Vandalia — the new capital of the
state. In 1848, four years after a disastrous in-
undation, the county seat was removed to Ches-
ter. From 1836 to 1871 no town officers were
elected under that charter. In 1871, a town gov-
ernment was again formed under the old char-
ter, and in 1873 the town reorganized under the
general law. In 1880. the town retained a popu-
lation of 350. In 1881, the Mississippi broke
through the narrow neck of alluvial land above
the town and joined its waters with those of the

Kaskaskia, leaving the old town on an island, and
washing away a considerable part of the old town
site. Each recurring spring flood takes away a
portion of the old site, and it is probable that the
spring of 1900 will witness the disappearance of
the last vestige of the old town. At the present
time there are not more than eight or ten of its
remaining houses occupied — its population less
than half a hundred, its postoffice and last busi-
ness house long since departed, the building
known in tradition as the Old State House stand-
ing on the edge of the crumbling bank of the
river, waiting for the next flood to carry it away
— its total obliteration now seems to be a ques-
tion of a few months only, after an eventful ex-
istence of two hundred ears.

VANDALIA.

When Vandalia was made the state capital in
1820, the site of the town and all the country
round about it was an unbroken wilderness. Fay-
ette county was not organized nor the town in-
corporated until the following- year.. In 1830
the population of Fayette county had grown to
2,700 and at the time of the removal of the capi-
tal, ten years later, the population had more than
doubled, being something more than 6,000, of
which number 900, perhaps, lived in the town of
Vandalia. After the removal of the capital to
Springfield the population of the town fell away
for several years, and as late as 1854 contained
but about 800 people. The present population is
about 2,500 or 3,000 and the present area is less
than half, perhaps, of the four sections constitut-
ing the original town site, much of which now
forms corn and wheat fields adjoining the town
as it exists to-day. Recent years have brought
to it a gradual but steady increase of population,
and though it has not kept pace with its successor,
Springfield, there is nothing to indicate its total
extinction, the fate that seems meted out to its
predecessor, historic old Kaskaskia.

SPRINGFIELD.

Springfield, at the time it became the capital of
the state, was but little larger than the deserted
village of Vandalia. The act of 1821, organizing

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the county of Sangamon, authorized the commis-
sioners to locate a temporary county seat, by which
authority they proceeded, according to the final
clause of their own report, to "fix and designate
a certain point in the prairie near John Kelly's
field on the waters of Spring creek, at a stake set
marked Z. D., as the temporary seat of justice of
said county, and do further agree that the said
county seat be called and known by the name of
Springfield." The "stake marked Z. D." was
driven near what is now the corner of Second and
Jefferson streets, and later in the same year a
court house and jail, the total cost of which was
$84, was erected on this spot. The following
year Elijah lies and Pascal Enos caused to be
surveyed . and platted a town which surrounded
this "temporary seat of justice" and called the
town Calhoun. But as Springfield was the official
title of the county seat as well as of the postoffice,
established in 1823, the name Calhoun was seldom
used ; and the town, in spite of its owners and
godfathers, was generally called Springfield. In
1824, by act of the legislature, the boundary lines
of the county were readjusted and the commis-
sioners authorized to permanently locate a county
seat, in the doing of which they were directed to
procure a donation of not less than thirty-five
acres of land upon which they were to lay off a
town site. Rather than lose for their town the
prestige which attaches to a county seat, the pro-
prietors of Calhoun donated forty-two acres ad-
joining their own town and including a portion of
it, for the site of the permanent county seat. The
donation was accepted by the commissioners,
"platted" by them into blocks and lots with
streets and alleys to correspond with those of the
old town of Calhoun, and without change of name
and but a slight change in location, the permanent
county seat was fixed May 18, 1825. Neither
town was incorporated and neither had any form
of municipal government until 1827, when an act
was passed by the general assembly authorizing
the county commissioners to appoint a supervisor
for the town whose principal duty, as defined by
the act, was "to have all the trees and stumps in
any of the streets described, cut off as nearly level
with the ground as possible." He was also made
custodian of certain fines and penalties collected

by the justices within the town, which he was to
expend for the improvement of streets and alleys.
In 1832 the town was incorporated under the
general act of 1831, and was governed by the
president and board of trustees of the town, who
continued in municipal control until its incorpora-
tion as a city. In 1833 an act was passed by the
general assembly providing for a resurvey of the
town and declaring that "hereafter the plat of the
town of Calhoun shall be forever known and de-
clared as a part of the town of Springfield." In
1840, after having been designated as the capital
of the state, the town was reincorporated as a
city, at which time it had a population of about
1,100.

This charter of 1840 was the subject of amend-
ment at nearly every session of the legislature for
many years, and in 1882 the city was reorganized
under the general law. Since that time its growth
in area as well as in wealth and population has
steadily gone forward and its present estimated
population is 35,000 or 40,000. Besides the im-
portance which attaches to it as the county seat of
a large and properous county and as the capital
city of a great state, its location in the midst of
a great coal region furnishing an inexhaustible
supply of cheap fuel, makes it an important min-
ing and manufacturing center. Its excellent ho-
tels together with the accommodations afforded
for large assemblies by its public buildings, make
it a favorite convention city for political, religious,
educational and social organizations. It has be-
come in recent years one of the most attractive
and prosperous cities of the state, and apparently
there is nothing likely to interrupt its continued
growth and prosperity.

ILLINOIS AS A STATE.

ORGANIZATION.

In January of 1818 the territorial legislature
forwarded to Nathaniel Pope, delegate in con-
gress from Illinois, a petition praying for admis-
sion into the national Union as a state. On April
1 8th of the same year congress passed the enabling
act, and December 3, after the state government
had been organized and Governor Bond had

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

signed the constitution, congress by a resolution
declared Illinois to be ''one of the United States of
America, and admitted into the Union on an equal
footing with the original states in all respects."

The ordinance of 1787 declared that there
should be at least three states carved out of the
Northwestern Territory. The boundaries of the
three, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, were fixed by
this law. Congress reserved the power, however,
of forming two other states out of the territory
which lies north of an east and west line drawn
through the southern boundary of Lake Michi-
gan. It was generally conceded that this line
would be the northern boundary of Illinois; but
as this would give the state no coast on Lake
Michigan ; and rob her of the port of Chicago and
the northern terminus of the Illinois and Michi-
gan canal which was then contemplated, Judge
Pope had the northern boundary moved fifty miles
further north.

BOUNDARY CHANGED.

Not only is Illinois indebted to Nathaniel Pope
for the port where now enter and depart more
vessels during the year than in any other port in
the world, for the northern terminus of the Illi-
nois and Michigan canal, and for the lead mines
at Galena, but the nation, the undivided Union,
is largely indebted to him for its perpetuity. It
was he, — his foresight, statesmanship and energy,
— that bound our confederated Union with bands
of iron that can never be broken. The geograph-
ical position of Illinois, with her hundreds of
miles of water-courses, is such as to make her the
key to the grand arch of northern and southern
states. Extending from the great chain of lakes
on the north, with snow and ice of the arctic
region, to the cotton fields of Tennessee ; peopled,
as it is, by almost all races, classes and conditions
of the human family ; guided by the various and
diversified political, agricultural, religious and
educational teachings common to both North and
South, — Illinois can control, and has controlled,
the destinies of our united and beloved republic.
Pope seemingly foresaw that a struggle to dis-
solve the Union would be made. With a pro-
phetic eye he looked down the stream of time for a

half century and saw the great conflict between
the South and North, caused by the determination
to dissolve the confederation of states ; and to pre-
serve the Union, he gave to Illinois a lake coast.

Governor Ford, in his History of Illinois,
writen in 1847, while speaking of this change of
boundary and influence upon our nation, says :

"What, then, was the duty of the national gov-
ernment ? Illinois was certain to be a great state,
with any boundaries which that government
could give. Its great extent of territory, its un-
rivaled fertility of soil and capacity for sustain-
ing a dense population, together with its com-
manding position, would in course of time give
the new state a very controlling influence with
her sister states situated upon the Western riv-
ers, either in sustaining the federal Union as it is,
or in dissolving it and establishing new govern-
ments. If left entirely upon the waters of these
great rivers, it was plain that, in case of threat-
ened disruption, the interest of the new state
would be to join a souhern and western confeder-
acy; but if a large portion of it could be made
independent upon the commerce and navigation of
the great northern lakes, connected as they are
with the eastern states, a rival interest would be
created to check the wish for a western and south-
ern confederacy.

"It therefore became the duty of the national
government not only to make Illinois strong, but
to raise an interest inclining and binding her to
the eastern and northern portions of the Union.
This could be done only through an interest in
the lakes. At that time the commerce on the
lakes was small, but its increase was confidently
expected, and, indeed, it has exceeded all antici-
pations, and is yet only in its infancy. To accom-
plish this object effectually, it was not only neces-
sary to give to Illinois the port of Chicago and a
route for the canal, but a considerable coast on
Lake Michigan, with a country back of it suffi-
ciently extensive to contain a population capable
of exerting a decided influence upon the councils
of the state.

"There would, therefore, be a large commerce
of the north, western and central portion of the
state afloat on the lakes for it was then foreseen
that the canal would be made; and this alone

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

would be like turning one of the many mouths of
the Mississippi into Lake Michigan at Chicago.
A very large commerce of the center and south
would be found both upon the lakes and rivers.
Associations in business, in interest, and of friend-
ship would be formed, both with the north and
the south. A state thus situated, having such a
decided interest in the commerce, and in the pres-
ervation of the whole confederacy, can never con-
sent to disunion ; for the Union can not be dis-
solved without division and disruption of the
state itself. These views, urged by Judge Pope,
obtained the unqualified assent of the statesmen
of 1818.

"These facts and views are worthy to be re-
corded in history as a standing and perpetual call
upon Illinoisans of every age to remember the
great trust which has been reposed in them, as
the peculiar champions and guardians of the
Union by the great men and patriot sages who
adorned and governed this country in the earlier
and better days of the republic.''

During the dark and trying days of the Rebel-
lion, well did she remember this sacred trust, to
protect which two hundred thousand of her sons
went to the bloody field of battle, crowning their
arms with the laurels of war, and keeping invio-
late the solemn obligations bequeathed to them by
their fathers.

FIRST CONSTITUTION.

In July and August of 1818 a convention was
held at Kaskaskia for the purpose of drafting a
constitution. This constitution was not submit-
ted to a vote of the people for their approval or
rejection, it being well known that they would ap-
prove it. It was about the first organic law of
any state in the Union to abolish imprisonment
for debt. The first election under the constitu-
tion was held on the third Thursday and the two
succeeding days in September, 1818. Shadrach
Bond was elected governor, and Pierre Menard
lieutenant governor. Their term of office extended
four years. At this time the state was divided
into fifteen counties, the population being about
40.000. Of this number by far the larger portion
were from the southern states. The salary of the

governor was $1,000, while that of the treasurer
was $500. The legislature re-enacted, verbatim,
the territorial code, the penalties of which were
unnecessarily severe. Whipping, stocks and pil-
lory were used for minor offenses, and for arson,
rape, horse-stealing, etc., death by hanging was
the penalty. These laws, however, were modi-
fied in 1821.

The legislature first convened at Kaskaskia,
the ancient seat of empire for more than one hun-
dred and fifty years, both for the French and
Americans. Provisions were made, however, for
the removal of the seat of government by this
legislature. A place in the wilderness on the Kas-
kaskia river was selected and named Vanclalia.
From Vandalia it was removed to Springfield
in the year 1837.

DERIVATION OF THE NAME ILLINOIS.

The name of this beautiful "Prairie State" is
derived from Illini, an Indian word signifying su-
perior men. It has a French termination, and is
a symbol of the manner in which the two races,
the French and Indians, were intermixed during
the early history of the country. The appellation
was no doubt well applied to the primitive inhab-
itants of the soil, whose prowess in savage war-
fare long withstood the combined attacks of the
fierce Iroquois on the one side, and the no less
savage and relentless Sacs and Foxes on the
other. The Illinois were once a powerful con-
federacy, occupying the most beautiful and fertile
region in the great valley of the Mississippi,
which their enemies coveted and struggled long
and hard to wrest from them. By the fortunes
of war they were diminished in number and
finally destroyed. "Starved Rock," on the Illinois
river, according to tradition, commemorates their
last tragedy, where, it is said, the entire tribe
starved rather than surrender.

The low cognomen of "Sucker," as applied to
Illinoisans, is said to have had its origin at the
Galena lead mines. In an early day, when these
extensive mines were being worked, men would
run up the Mississippi river in steamboats in the
spring, work the lead mines, and in the fall re-
turn, thus establishing, as was supposed, a simili-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

33

tude between their migratory habits and those of
the fishy tribe called "suckers." For this reason
the Illinoisans have ever since been distinguished
by the epithet "Suckers." Those who stayed at
the mines over winter were mostly from Wiscon-
sin, and were called "Badgers." One spring the
Missourians poured into the mines in such num-
bers that the state was said to have taken a puke,
and the offensive appellation of "Pukes" was aft-
erward applied to all Missourians.

The southern part of the state, known as
"Egypt," received this appellation because, being
older, better settled and cultivated, grain was had
in greater abundance than in the central and
northern portion, and the immigrants of this re-
gion, after the manner of the children of Israel,
went "thither to buy and to bring from thence
that they might live and not die."

'STATE BANK.

The legislature, during the latter years of terri-
torial existence, granted charters to several banks.
The result was that paper money became very
abundant, times flush, and credit unlimited; and
everybody invested to the utmost limit of his
credit, with confident expectation of realizing a
handsome advance before the expiration of his
credit, from the throng of immigrants then pour-
ing into the country. By 1819 it became appar-
ent that a day of reckoning would approach be-
fore their dreams of fortune could be realized.
Banks everywhere began to waver, paper money
became depreciated, and gold and silver driven
out of the country. The legislature sought to
bolster up the times by incorporating the "Bank
of Illinois," which, with several branches, was
created by the session of 1821. This bank, being
wholly supported by the credit of the state, was
to issue one, two, three, five, ten and twenty-dol-
lar notes. It was the duty of the bank to ad-
vance, upon personal property, money to the
amount of $100, and a larger amount upon real
estate. All taxes and public salaries could be
paid in such bills; and if a creditor refused to
take them, he had to wait three years longer be-
fore he could collect the debt. The people imag-
ined that simply because the government had is-

sued the notes, they would remain at par; and
although this evidently could not be the case, they
were yet so infatuated with their project as actu-
ally to request the^ United States government to
receive them in payment for their public lands!
Although there were not wanting men who, like
John McLean, the Speaker of the House of Rep-
resentatives, foresaw the dangers and evils likely
to arise from the creation of such a bank, by far
the greater part of the people were in favor of it.
The new bank was therefore started. The new
issue of bills by the bank of course only aggra-
vated the evil, heretofore so grievously felt, of the
absence of specie, so that the people were soon
compelled to cut their bills in halves and quar-
ters, in order to make small change in trade.
Finally the paper currency so rapidly depreciated
that three dollars in these bills were considered
worth only one in specie, and the state not only
did not increase its revenue, but lost full two-
thirds of it, and expended three times the amount
required to pay the expenses of the state govern-
ment.

LA FAYETTE'S VISIT.

In the spring of 1825 the brave and generous
LaFayette visited Illinois, accepting the earnest
invitation of the general assembly, and an affec-
tionately written letter of Governor Cole's, who
had formed his personal acquaintance in France
in 1817. The general in reply said : "It has been
my eager desire, and it is now my earnest inten-
tion, to visit the western states, and particularly
the state of Illinois. The feelings which your
distant welcome could not fail to excite have in-
creased that patriotic eagerness to admire on that
blessed spot the happy and rapid results of repub-
lican institutions, public and domestic virtues. I
shall, after the 22d of February (anniversary
day), leave here for a journey to the southern
states, and from New Orleans to the western
states, so as to return to Boston on the I4th of
June, when the corner-stone of the Bunker Hill
monument is to be laid, — a cerernony sacred to the
whole Union and in which I have been engaged
to act a peculiar and honorable part."

General LaFayette and suite, attended by a
large delegation of prominent citizens of Mis-

34

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

souri, made a visit by the steamer Natchez to the
ancient town of Kaskaskia. No military parade
was attempted, but a multitude of patriotic citi-
zens made him welcome. A reception was held,
Governor Cole delivering a glowing address of
welcome. During the progress of a grand ball
held that night, a very interesting interview took
place between the honored General and an Indian
squaw whose father had served under him in the
Revolutionary war. The squaw, learning that the
great white chief was to be at Kaskaskia on that
night, had ridden all day, from early dawn till
sometime in the night, from her distant home, to
see the man whose name had been so often on her
father's tongue, and with which she was so famil-
iar. In identification of her claim to his distin-
guished acquaintance, she brought with her an
old worn letter which the General had written to
her father, and which the Indian chief had pre-
served with great care, and finally bequeathed on
his death-bed to his daughter as the most precious
legacy he had to leave her.

By 12 o'clock at night General LaFayette re-
turned to his boat and started south. The boat
was chartered bv the state.

PIKE COUNTY.

Pike county was established January 31, iS^ji,
and then had all the territory west of the Illinois
river and north to the Wisconsin line. It was
named in honor of Hon. Zebulon Montgomery
Pike, an American soldier and explorer. He was
born in New Jersey and died near Toronto, Can-
ada, in April, 1813. He served in the war of
1812, explored the headwaters of the Mississippi
and the interior of the Louisiana territory, was
the discoverer of Pike's Peak, whose summit is
•\ 14,200 feet above sea level. Pike county has 7^6.
- square miles as it now is and a population in 1900
of 31,595, with twenty-four townships, sixteen in-
corporated towns antl thirty-one towns and
villages.

GEOLOGY.

A large proportion of the upland of Pike
county was originally heavily timbered, but there
are several small prairies in the central and north-

ern portions. It is a well watered county, and the
valley of the Mississippi is from eight to twelve
miles wide, most of it lying on the Illinois side.
More than one-fifth of the area of the county lies
in this valley. The general level of the uplands
may be estimated at from 200 to 300 feet above
the great water courses, with no very well de-
fined water-shed. The soil on the timbered lands
is generally a chocolate-colored clay loam, becom-
ing- lighter in color on the banks of the streams
and in the vicinity of the river bluffs.

The geological structure of this county is some-
what peculiar, and the strata exposed within its
limits comprise the upper part of the Niagara
limestone, the whole series of lower carboniferous
limestones except the Chester group, and a limited
thickness of coal measures, with the usual surface
deposits of loess and drift. The most northerly
outcrop of Devonian beds is in Calhoun county.
The loess and drift measure is 40 to 100 feet in
thickness in Pike county, the coal measures
twenty to sixty, St. Louis limestone one to thirty,
Keokuk group 100 to 125, Burlington limestone
150 to 200, Kinderhook 100 to 120, and the
Niagara limestone one to fifty.

The Niagara limestone is found only in the
southwest part of the county, where its main out-
crop is at the base of the bluffs between Rockport
and the south line of the county and for a short
distance up Six-Mile creek. It contains a few
fossils at the outcrop near Pleasant Hill, among
which are trilobites and a few shells. At Mr.
Wells' place, northwest quarter section 17, Pleas-
ant Hill township, the buff-colored magnesia beds
of this group are exposed about ten feet in thick-
ness, and the rock has been quarried for building-
stone. On the southeast quarter section 8 there is
an exposure of about twenty-two feet of this lime-
stone, the lower ten feet being a gray, even-bed-
ded limestone, and the upper twelve feet a buff-
colored magnesian rock, closely resembling the
rock from the Grafton quarries. It is the prevail-
ing rock at Pleasant Hill, where it forms a lime-
stone bench about thirty feet high, above the road,
at the base of the bluffs. Two miles north of
Pleasant Hill, on a branch of Six-Mile creek, the
upper part of this limestone is exposed in the bed
of the creek.

FIRST COURTHOUSE, 1821

on HE

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

37

KINDERHOOK GROUP.

One of the best exposures of this group in this
county is just above Kinderhook ; whence the
name. It is at the point of the bluff, and com-
prises twenty feet of loess, fifteen of Burlington
limestone, six of thin-bedded, fine-grained lime-
stone, thirty-six of thin-bedded sandstone and
sandy shales, and forty feet of clay and sandy
shales, partly hidden. Fossil shells are found in
the sandstone. This group is also well exposed
at Rockport and two miles below Atlas, and some-
what exposed at the base of the Illinois river
bluffs. Almost everywhere in the county the Bur-
lington limestone overlies the group, which de-
termines the topographical features of the region
also underlaid by the shales and gritstones of the
group.

BURLINGTON LIMESTONE.

This limestone forms the bed rock over fully
one-half the uplands. It is from fifty to 100 feet
in thickness, and its best exposures are among the
river bluffs. It is a rather coarse-grained, gray
stone, interspersed with brown layers, and is
largely composed of the fossilized remains of
crinoids and mollusks. In the Mississippi bluff,
near the north line of the county, forty feet or
more of the lower portion of this limestone is ex-
posed, forming the upper escarpment of the
bluff, and consisting of alternate beds of gray and
brown limestone, usually in regular and tolerably-
thick beds. It has fossils, and has been exten-
sively quarried on Big Blue creek for building
purposes. On the eastern side of the county the
most northerly outcrop of this limestone is near
Griggsville Landing, where the cherty beds of the
upper division of this rock are exposed at the base
of the bluff. The outcrop here is about fifty feet
thick. It appears about the same at Montezuma.
and is seen exposed at points all along these bluffs.
It is well exposed on Bay creek, forming the
main portion of the bluffs along this stream from
near Pittsfield to the southeast corner of the
county. It is the most important of all the lime-
stones exposed in this county, both as regards ex-
tent of exposure and its economical value. As a
building stone it is not equal to the magnesian

beds of the Niagara group, as found near Pleas-
'ant Hill, but is nevertheless very durable. It can
be found over half the county.

KEOKUK GROUP.

This group lies just above the Burlington lime-
stone, and outcrops over a large portion of the
northern and northeastern parts of the county,
where it is frequently found immediately beneath
the coal measures. The St. Louis group, which
should properly intervene, was worn away before
the coal epoch. It consists of light gray and blu-
ish gray cherty limestones at the base, which
closejy resemble the upper beds of the Burlington
limestone. ^*Some of the limestone strata are as
crinoidal in their structure as the Burlington, but
they are usually more bluish gray in color. There
is usually a series of cherty beds, ten to thirty feet
in thickness, separating the main limestones of
the two groups, which may properly be regarded
as transitional. The upper division consists of
lime-clay shales and thin-bedded limestones, con-
taining geodes lined with crystallized quartz,
chalcedony, calcite, dolomite, crystals of zinc
blende and iron pyrites. The pyrites is usually in
minute crystals implanted on quartz.

This division may be seen a mile and a half
southeast of Griggsville, and where it first ap-
pears beneath the coal measures the geodes are im-
bedded in a ferruginous sandstone, which perhaps
represents the conglomerate usually lying at the
base of the coal measures. This indicates that be-
fore or during the formation of this conglomerate
the shales originally inclosing the geodes were
swept away, and the geodes were then enclosed in
sand which subsequently hardened. These geode-
bearing limestones are exposed near Perry
Springs, where the waters derive the mineral in-
gredients from these beds. At Chambersburg,
the limestones of this group form the bed of Mc-
Gee's creek. Other prominent exposures of these
limestones are at Griggsville Landing, on Hadley's
creek, near Huntley's coal-bank, etc. From this
stratum much good building stone has been quar-
ried.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ST. LOUIS GROUP.

On the banks of McGee's creek only are indica-
tions of the presence of this group. The beds ex-
posed here consist of brown magnesian limestone
and shales, twenty to thirty feet thick. A mile
and a half northwest of Perry quarries have been
opened in these beds, and about three miles north
of Perry Springs they are again exposed, overlaid
by shale, the whole being about twenty feet in
thickness.

COAL MEASURES.

The coal formation occupies but a limited area
in the central and northern portions of this
county, underlying the whole of New Salem
township, and a portion only of the four sur-
rounding townships. The thickness does not
probably exceed sixty feet. The following are the
principal points where coal has been dug in Pike
county :

Huntley's, northwest quarter section 15, Had-
ley township ; coal sixteen to twenty-four inches
thick, overlaid by about six inches of black shale.

Huntley's new bank, northwest quarter section
10, Hadley township ; bed six feet thick, with a
parting of clay shale in the middle, about two
inches in thickness. The coal in the upper part
of this seam is rather soft, and contains consider-
able iron bisulphide. The lower division affords
a harder and better coal and rests upon a gray
fire clay two feet or more in thickness.

Three miles east of Barry coal has been dug
on a small branch south of the Philadelphia road ;
and a mile further south there is a blue clay shale
twenty-five to thirty feet thick exposed along the
creek which intersects the river bluffs near New
Canton. It contains septaria and tuten-mergel,
and closely resembles the shale over the coal at
Huntley's mine.

From this point the western boundary of the
coal measures trends southeastwardly to House-
worth's coal bank, two miles and a half north-
west of Pittsfield, on northwest quarter section
1 6, Pittsfield township. Coal about eighteen inches
thick, overlaid by about three feet of dark blue
shale, passing upward into sandy shale ten feet
more.

Four miles west of Griggsville, coal is found
on Mr. Dunham's place. It is fourteen to twenty
inches thick, overlaid by about two feet of fossil-
iferous black shale. This seam of coal outcrops
on southeast quarter section n, same township,
and in the ravines between Griggsville and Phila-
delphia, via New Salem.

A half mile south of Griggsville coal has also
been worked, the seam being eighteen to twenty-
four inches thick.

On Lazarus Ross' place, a mile and a half
northwest of Perry Springs, some indications of
coal may be seen in the bluffs of the middle fork
of McGee's creek.

QUATERNARY SYSTEM.

A broad belt of alluvial bottom lands, six to
twelve miles wide, skirts the whole western bor-
der of Pike county. The deposit consists of alter-
nations of clay, sand and loam, in quite regular
strata, but of variable thickness. The soil is ex-
ceedingly fertile, and where they are above high
water, they constitute the most productive and
valuable lands in the county. A large proportion
of this land was originally prairie, but now there
are many belts of heavy timber skirting the small
streams intersecting these bottoms.

On the east side of the county there is very
little bottom land from the south line of the
county to the north line of Flint township, where
it begins to widen, and thence to the north line
of the county the Illinois bottoms are two to five
miles wide ; but they are too low and wet for cul-
tivation. A portion of them is heavily timbered
with cotton wood, sycamore, soft maple, elm, ash,
hackberry, honey locust, linden, black walnut,
water oak, hickory, etc.

The river bluffs on both sides of the county are
capped with this formation, which ranges from
ten to sixty feet or more. It always overlies the
drift, where both are present, and hence is of more
recent origin. It generally consists of buff or
brown marly clays or sands, usually stratified,
and often so coherent as to remain in vertical

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

39

walls twenty or thirty feet high when cut through.
F,rom seventy-five to eighty per cent of it is silica,
ten to fifteen per cent alumina and iron per-
oxide, three to four per cent lime, and one to two
per cent magnesia. In the vicinity of Chambers-
burg the loess is sixty to seventy feet thick. Ev-
erywhere it furnishes a light, porous sub-soil,
which is admirably adapted to the growth of fruit
trees, vines and small fruits. In some places it
contains a variety of fossil shells which present
the usual bleached and water-worn appearance of
the dead shells of our ponds and bayous. It also
affords a variety of chalky lumps and masses
which assume many imitative forms, as of pota-
toes and the disks called "clay-stones" in New
England. It also gives origin to the bald knobs
so frequently met with along the river bluffs, and
is often rounded into natural mounds which have
been very generally used by the Indians as burial
places. The bones of extinct animals are often
found in the marly beds of this formation, along
with land and fresh-water shells.

This deposit consists of variously colored clays
containing gravel and boulders. It underlies the
loess, and hence is not visible along the bluffs.
In the interior of the county it is often penetrated
by well-diggers. It thins out toward the bluffs.
At the base of the drift near Barry there is a bed
of clean, yellow flint gravel, partially cemented
by iron oxide into a ferruginous conglomerate.

ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY.

Pike county has an abundance of building
stone. The Niagara limestone near Pleasant Hill
furnishes a buff magnesian rock, in very regular
beds, fully equal in quality to that of Grafton and
Joliet. Part of the stone in the public-school
building at Pittsfield was brought from Joliet,
while stone just as good and beautiful was out-
cropping within ten miles of that town. "A want
of the knowledge of this fact," says Mr. Worthen,
"has probably cost the citizens of Pike county far
more than their proportion of the entire cost of
the geological survey of Illinois."
3

The Burlington limestone, which outcrops over
a wide area in this county, will furnish an unlim-
ited supply of excellent building stone. It is
probably not less than 150 feet thick. The more
flinty portions are the best material for macad-
amizing roads. Near Montezuma is a ten-foot
bed of excellent dimension stone. Similar beds
are exposed on Big Blue creek four miles south-
east of Pittsfield, where they are forty feet thick,
containing masses two to four feet in thickness.
On the west side of the county it forms an almost
continuous outcrop, ten to forty feet thick, along
the river bluffs ; and on the east side of the county
it also forms a continuous outcrop in the bluffs
from Griggsville Landing south.

The lower portion of the Keokuk limestone is
fully as useful as the preceding. Excellent quar-
ries are worked two miles north of Griggsville
on the south fork of McGee's creek. The stone is
composed almost entirely of the joints and plates
of crinoids, cemented together by a calcareous
paste.

The St. Louis group, although limited in ex-
tent, furnishes some good building stone, mostly
found in Perry township and vicinity, as already
described.

The coal deposits in this county are all, except
at Huntley's place, too thin for profitable work-
ing. Where surface "stripping," however, can
be done, it pays to mine the thinner deposits.
Huntley's is probably a local deposit, a "pocket,"
which will soon be exhausted.

No mineral ore, except a little iron, has been
found in Pike county.

The Burlington and Keokuk groups furnish
the best of material for quick-lime. The St.
Louis group, which is generally preferred, is very
limited.

Good hydraulic limestone for cement can be
obtained from the Kinderhook group.

Fire clay, which usually underlies the coal,
can be mined with coal to advantage. The brown
clays of the drift and the loess furnish superior
material for brick.

For marble the bed of oolitic conglomerate of
the Kinderhook group at Rockport furnishes a
stone capable of a fine polish and makes a beauti-
ful variegated marble ; but the bed, so far as ex-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

amined, is rather thin for profitable working.
Some of the sub-crystalline beds of the Burling-
ton limestone also receive a high polish and make
a fine ornamental stone.

The Perry mineral springs, three in number, is-
sue from the upper part of the Keokuk limestone
which underlies the valley and outcrops along the
bluffs. The principal ingredients of the water
here are the bi-carbonates of lime and magnesia,
the silicate of potash and soda and the carbonate
of potash. For further account of these springs
see history of Perry township in this volume.

There are a few small caves in Pike county,
two near Barry, into one of which one can enter
a distance of 550 feet and the other 400 feet. In
early day panthers were known to inhabit these
caves. In Pearl township, on land owned by
Judge Atkinson, the railroad employes of the
Chicago & Alton Company were blasting rock in
1871 or 1872, when they discovered a small cave
in which were found lime carbonate drippings in
the form of stalagmites and stalactites. Many of
these are of imitative forms and can be imagined
to be petrified human beings or aniamls. An ex-
aggerated account of this cave was published in
the Pittsfield papers at the time, which led many
people to believe something wonderful was found
at the place.

ARCHAEOLOGY.

Perhaps no district of country in the west con-
tains more traces of that pre-historic people
known to us only as the "Mound Builders" than
the district between the Illinois and the Missis-
sippi rivers. There is scarcely a township of land
in this section which does not contain more or less
of these traces, and in some of them are works
which in extent and character will compare with
any in the west.

The mounds in this county are evidently of
three classes: sacred mounds, which were used
for the sacrificial fires ; burial mounds, which
were erected over the last remains of important
personages ; and mounds which were used for
domestic habitations. These were probably resi-
dences similar to those of some tribes of our pres-
ent Indians. First, poles or logs set up in a cir-
cle, then covered with brush or grass, and the

whole with earth to a considerable extent. The
sacrificial mounds always contained burnt earth,
burnt bones, and frequently, too, the charred
bones of human beings. In the burial mounds
only the bones of a few persons are found, prob-
ably of some chief and his immediate family, and
usually near them are utensils of the kitchen, ar-
rows, pottery, and such other articles as were
most prized in life by the departed.

In some localities immense shell-heaps exist,
while it is not uncommon to find in the mounds
shells from the sea, notably the conch-shell and
sea-periwinkles, the latter very common. Imple-
ments of both hardened copper and copper in a
soft state are often found, and a metal resembling
iron in texture and color, but hard enough to cut
glass and which resists the action of almost all
the acids.

That these mounds were not erected by the same
race as our present Indians is at once apparent
from the bones of the latter being of a reddish
hue, while those of the Mound Builders are of a
different shade and much larger.

It is our opinion that the Mound Builders were
a pastoral people, who had made considerable
progress in civilization. In the winter, doubtless,
they drove their flocks and herds to the bluffs and
rich, sheltered bottoms where they could obtain
shelter, and in the summer they drove them to the
prairies for pasturage. Doubtless, like the Chi-
nese of to-day, they esteemed their native hills
sacred and sought to be buried there, no matter
where the iron hand of death overtook them ; and
their friends, respecting this desire, were in the
habit of bringing the bones of each family or tribe
to these sacred burial places, after they had been
stripped of their flesh, for permanent burial.

Perhaps some future archaeologist will delve
among these ruins and find a key to the mystery
of the Builders, of whom we to-day know next
to nothing; and unless some means are taken by
the government or societies organized for the pur-
pose, and these measures at no distant day, they
will have become so far obliterated by the plow
and by unskilled diggers that the slight clues they
contain will be buried in oblivion greater than
now enshrouds the history of their builders.

A few years ago some of the prominent gentle-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

men of Pike county interested themselves in or-
ganizing an "Archaeological Society," but of late
the interest seems to have abated very perceptibly,
and the Society so enthusiastically organized can
now scarcely be said to be in existence.

The gentlemen proposing to organize an "Anti-
quarian Society" met at the court-house in Pitts-
field, May 24, 1873, when Dr. T. Worthington
was called to the chair and R. H. Criswell ap-
pointed secretary. They organized the "Pike
County Antiquarian Society," and the permanent
officers elected at this meeting were, president,
Wm. A. Grimshaw ; vice presidents, Wm. McAd-
ams, Esq., Dr. E. S. Hull, of Madison county,
Capt. W. H. Reed, of Calhoun, Dr. T. Worthing-
ton, of Pike, Dr. A. Mittower, of Pike, Richard
Perry, of Pike, H. J. Harris, of Pike, C. L. Obst,
of Pittsfield, archaeological artist; Dr. Thomas
Aiton, secretary ; William R. Archer, treasurer.

W, B. Grimes, Dr. Mittower and C. L. Obst
were appointed a committee to solicit contribu-
tions to the cabinet of the Society, and invite the
exhibition of such relics as owners are unwilling
to part from, the object being to obtain possession
of evidences and traces of the people of antiquity,
their implements and usages as far as practicable.

A letter was read before the Society from Mr.
McAdams, of Waterville, Jersey county, May 18,
1873, as follows:

"I see in the papers a call for a meeting in
Pittsfield on the 24th inst., to organize a society
with a view of further investigation and more per-
fect knowledge of relics and ancient remains near
the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. I have for the
last fifteen years, during my leisure hours, been
making some investigations of the mounds and
tumuli of Jersey and Calhoun counties. There is
not perhaps in all the west a section richer or more
interesting in its great number of relics of an al-
most unknown race of people who once inhabited
this country. No thorough investigation has
been made. Already many of them have been de-
stroyed by the cultivation of new fields. Before
many years the majority of them will be obliter-
ated, or so defaced that the original plan of con-
struction will be lost. There should be a society
like the one you propose to organize, not only
for the purpose of investigation but also for the

purpose of making some record of their work.
Comparatively little is known of the mounds of
Jersey and Calhoun, although I have visited many
of them and collected quite a number of inter-
esting relics. Yours truly,

"WM. McADAMS."

The second week in June, 1873, the society made
an excursion to the southern part of the county
and spent several days among the numerous
mounds in that locality, where they found many
relics of the aborigines, among which were arrow
heads, fish spears, stone knives and hatchets,
earthen vessels of various • kinds, copper kettles,
stone pipes, shell and copper beads, silver ear-
rings, silver buckles, etc. Nearly all these arti-
cles were found imbedded in the mounds with
human bones, pieces of pottery, etc., generally at
a depth of about three feet below the surface. In
some cases stone vaults containing bones and other
relics were discovered a few feet beneath the sur-
face. The members of the Society who went on
that excursion say they had a most enjoyable trip
and consider themselves well repaid for their
trouble.

In the summer of 1873, Col. D. B. Bush pre-
sented to the Society for its museurh Indian trap-
pings of great value. Thomas James, of Martins-
burg, presented a large lot of beautiful beads and
amulets from the Big Mound of Sacramento Val-
ley, California ; also, moss, peat, cinnabar and Chi-
nese corn, etc., — all from California. Col. S. S.
Thomas presented a rare and beautiful specimen
of coquine and concrete shells from St. Augus-
tine, Fla. In' September of the same year, Col.
A. C. Matthews contributed to the museum one
beaked saw-fish (Pristis) from Matagorda Isl-
and, Texas; autograph letter of Henry Clay,
dated October 5, 1829, Ashland, Ky. ; pass of
Gen. S. B. Buckner, C. S. A. ; one copy of army
correspondence; also coin and fossils. George
H. French presented a stone mortar from Pilot
Bluff, Illinois river; E. N. French, specimens of
columnar limestone ; Hon. J. M. Bush presented
one copy of the Massachusetts Centennial, pub-
lished at Boston, September 5, 1789, about four
months after the inauguration of President Wash-
ington ; Hon. W. A. Grimshaw presented books
as follows : American volume, Ancient Armeca ;

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Lines of Humboldt; two volumes of Smithsonian
Institute Reports, i865-'6; two volumes of His-
tory of Wisconsin; stone and flint implements,
bone needle and specimens of pottery. Patrick
Halpin presented specimens of American and
Italian marble.

In December Mr. R. Perry contributed speci-
mens of silicious and ferruginous conglomerate;
Dr. A. McFarland, a very nice human skeleton,
five bottles containing in alcohol specimens of
ophidian, all indigenous to Pike county, and also
one containing taenia ; Thomas Williams, seven
beautiful flint implements ; and N. W. Kibler,
a very large tooth of a pachyderm.

February 21, 1874, George Bell, Thomas
Bloomer, Hiram Horton and G. S. Pennington
found remains of five human skeletons in the
Mississippi bluffs on the farm of Mrs. L. B.
Lyon at the mouth of Dutch creek hollow. One
skull measured twenty-six inches from the top of
the cranium around under the lower jaw. In-
deed, many more skeletons are in these bluffs.
Several wagon-loads of rock had been thrown
over these remains. The heads appeared to be laid
toward a common center of about three feet
space. One skull contained a rock which had
doubtless been thrown there when the remains
were buried. The bones were very brittle and
difficult to secure in their intirety from among
the roots. There' are seven of the mounds in Mr.
Horton's field, in a semi-circle, all containing
human remains. Also a species of pottery has been
found there.

In the southeast part of Pearl township about a
mile from the Illinois river two copper vessels
were once found, one smaller than the other, un-
der some flat stones which had been plowed up,
and a little lower down stone coffins were found in
a field where they had been plowing; but these
"remains" were probably left there by early
French explorers.

.Mr. C. L. Obst, photographer in Pittsfield. who
is a fine archaeologist and the virtual founder of
the "Pike County Antiquarian Society." has a
splendid collection ; namely. 100 varieties of flint
implements, four varieties of stone hatchets, four
of wedges, varieties of stone disks of various ma-
terials, as iron ore, sandstone, granite and green-

stone, four varieties of plummets, mostly iron ore,
.two of hammers, pestles, round stone for clubs,
eight kinds of pipes, iron ore and greenstone chis-
els, plowshares and hoes, a large variety of pot-
tery and mortars, bone of the pre-historic bison,
sinkers, weights, etc. Mr. Obst has also a good
collection of geological specimens.

The museum of the society is in the Public Li-
brary room over the postoffice in Pittsfield, but
the association is not active at present and their
collection of relics seems neglected.

ORGANIC HISTORY.

At the close of the war between the United
States and England in 1812 our government laid
off a tract of land in Illinois for the soldiers who
participated in that war. The land thus appro-
priated was embraced in the region between the
Mississippi and the Illinois rivers, and south of
the north line of Mercer county. Its northern
boundary, therefore, ran east to Peru on the Illi-
nois river, and a little south of the middle of Bu-
reau and Henry counties. To it the name "Mili-
tary Tract" was given, and by that name this sec-
tion is still known. Within this boundary is em-
braced one of the most fertile regions of the
globe. Scarcely had Congress made the proper
provisions to enable the soldiers to secure their
land ere a few of the most daring and resolute
started to possess it. There were only a few, how-
ever, who at first regarded their "quarter-section"
of sufficient value to induce them to endure the
hardships of the pioneer in its settlement and im-
provement. Many of them sold their patent to a
fine "prairie quarter" in this county for one hun-
dred dollars, others for less, while some traded
theirs for a horse, a cow, or a watch, regarding
themselves as just so much ahead. It is said that
an old shoemaker of New York city bought sev-
eral as fine quarters of land as are in Pike county
with a pair of shoes. He would make a pair of
shoes for which the soldier would deed him his
"patent quarter" of land. This was a source
of no little trouble to the actual settlers, for they
could not always tell which quarter of land be-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

43

longed to a soldier, or which was "Congress
land" and could be pre-empted. Even when a
settler found a suitable location known to be
"patent land," with a desire to purchase, he ex-
perienced great difficulty in finding the owner,
and often did not find him until he had put hun-
dred of dollars' worth of improvements on it,
when the patentee was sure to turn up. Many of
the early settlers presumed that the owner never
won Id be known; but in many instances, after a
patent quarter-section was made valuable by im-
provement, .the original patent would be brought
on by some one, who would oust the occupant and
take possession, sometimes paying him something
for his improvments and sometimes not. Many
holders of patents had no pity. This condition of
affairs presented a temptation to merciless "land-
sharks." who would come into this section and
work up cases, ostensibly for the original paten-
tees, but really for their own pockets. The 'most
notorious of these was one Toliver Craig, who
actually made it a business to forge patents and
deeds. This he carried on extensively from 1847
to 1854, especially in Knox and Fulton counties,
and to some extent in Pike. He had forty bogus
deeds put on record in one day at Knoxville. He
was arrested in New York state, in 1854, by O.
M. Boggess, of Monmouth, and taken to the jail
at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he attempted suicide
by arsenic ; but at the end of the year he was re-
leased on bail.

PIKE COUNTY.

As a part of the Territory of Illinois in 1790
all that portion of Illinois south of what is now
Peoria was made a county and named St. Clair,
in honor of General St. Clair, Governor of the
Northwestern Territory. Cahokia was the county
seat of this county. In 1812 that part of Illi-
nois Territory above St. Louis, was created into a
county called Madison, with Edwardsville as the
county scat. Illinois was admitted as a State in
1818, and in 1821 all that part of Madison county
between the Mississippi and Illinois rivers was
organized into a county and named Pike. Its
iiaiiH' was chosen in honor of General Pike of the
war of 1812. The tract of countrv now known as

Pike county was surveyed by the government in
the years 1817-9, and soon afterward attracted at-
tention on account of its natural advantages for
commerce, fertility of soil and abundance of wa-
ter. It is the oldest county in the Military Tract,
and one of the largest, containing 510,764 acres,
or 800 square miles, in 23 townships. The fol-
lowing is a copy of the act"o"rganizing the county :
An act to form a new county of the bounty lands.
Approved January 31, 1821.

Section i. Be it enacted, etc., that all that tract
of country within the following boundaries, to-
wit : Beginning at the mouth of the Illinois river
and running thence up the middle of said river to
the fork of the same, thence up to the south fork of
said river until it strikes the State line of Indiana,
thence north with said line to the north boundary
line of this State, thence west with said line to the
west boundary line of this State, and thence with
said line to the place of beginning, shall constitute
a separate county to be called Pike.

Sec. 3. Be it further enacted that there
shall be appointed the following persons, to-wit:
Levi Roberts, John Shaw and Nicholas Hanson, to
meet at the house of Levi Roberts, in said county,
on or before the first day of March next, to fix the
temporary seat of justice of said county, the said
justice to be south of the base line of said county.

Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, etc., that the
citizens of Pike county be hereby declared en-
titled in all respects to the same rights and privi-
leges that are allowed in general to other counties
in the State.

Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, etc., that "said
county of Pike be and form a part of the first ju-
dicial circuit.

This act to take effect and be in force from and
after its passage.

COUNTY SEAT LOCATED.

The following act was passed at the next ses-
sion of the Legislature :

An act defining the boundaries of Pike county,
and for other purposes. Approved December
30. 1822.

Section I. Be it enacted by the people of the
State of Illinois represented in the General As-

44

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

sembly, that the county of Pike shall be bounded
as follows, to-wit : On the north. by the base line ;
on the east by the Illinois river; on the west by
the Mississippi ; and all the rest and residue of
the territory, composing the county of Pike before
the passage of this act, shall be attached to, and be
a part of, said county until otherwise disposed of
by the General Assembly of this State.

Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, etc., for the
purpose of fixing the permanent seat of justice
of said county, the following persons be and the
same are hereby appointed commissioners, to-wit :
Garrett Van Dusen, Ossian M. Ross, John M.
Smith, Daniel Ford and Daniel Shinn, who, after
being duly sworn by some judge or justice of the
peace of this State, faithfully and impartially to
discharge the duties imposed upon them by this
act, shall meet at the house of John Shaw, in said
county, on or before the first day of March next,
and proceed to determine on the permanent seat
of justice of said county, and designate the same
taking into consideration the condition and con-
venience of the people, the future population of
the county, and the health and eligibility of the
place; and they are hereby authorized to receive
as a donation for the use of said county any quan-
tity of land that may be determined on by them,
from any proprietor that may choose to offer such
donation of land ; which place, so fixed and de-
termined upon, the said commissioners shall cer-
tify, under their hands and seals, and return the
same to the next Commissioners of the Court in
said county, which shall cause an entry thereof
to be made upon their books of record.

Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, etc.,, that the
said commissioners shall receive as a compensa-
tion for their service, the sum of two dollars per
day for each day by them necessarily spent in dis-
charging the duties imposed upon them by this
act to be allowed by the Commissioners of the
Court, and paid out of the county treasury.

Pursuant to that portion of the above act as re-
lating to locating the county seat, the commis-
sioners made their report to the County Commis-
sioners at their March term of court, 1823, and
presented the court with a deed from William
Ross and Rufus Brown for an acre of land upon
section 27, Atlas township.

COUNTIES CUT FROM PIKE.

When Pike county was organized it embraced
all of that country between the Illinois and Mis-
sissippi rivers, and extended east along the line
of the main fork of the Illinois, the Kankakee
river, to the Indiana State line, and on to the
' northern boundary of the State, including the
country where Rock Island, Galena, Peoria and
Chicago now are. It was indeed a large county,
and embraced what is now the wealthiest and
most populous portion of the Great West. The
extensive lead mines of Galena had not yet been
discovered, and Chicago was only a trading and
military post. The commissioners of Pike county,
as will be noticed in the following chapter, ex-
ercised full authority, so far as the duties of their
respective offices were concerned, over all this
vast region.

Settlers soon began to locate here and there in
the Military Tract. Two years had scarcely passed
ere the few settlers east of the fourth principal
meridian and north of the base line desired a
county, and appealed to the Legislature for power
to organize one. Ossian M. Ross, the founder of
Lewistown, Fulton county, and one of the prime
movers in the organization of that county, was
at that time a member of the County Commis-
sioners' Court of Pike county. The following
is an abstract of the act referred to :

An act approved Janunary 28, 1823, forming
the county of Fulton out of all the attached part
of Pike, beginning where the fourth principal
meridian intersects the Illinois river, thence up
the middle of said river to where the line between
ranges five and six east strikes the said river,
thence north with the said line between ranges
five and six east, to the township line between
townships nine and ten north, then west with said
lint to the fourth principal meridian, then south
to the place of beginning ; and all the rest and resi-
due of the attached part of the county of Pike east
of the fourth principal meridian shall be attached
to Fulton county.

January 13, 1825, Schuyler county was cut off
from Pike and Fulton, and included all that coun-
try within the following boundaries : "Com-
mencing at a place where the township line be-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

45

tween townships two and three south touches the
Illinois river, thence west on said line to the range
line between ranges four and five west, thence
north from said line to the northwest corner of
township three north, range one west, thence east
on said township line to the Illinois river, thence
down the said river to the place of beginning."

The same year an act was passed forming new
counties. Those formed were Adams, Hancock,
McDonough, Warren, Mercer, Henry, Putnam
and Knox. Their boundaries were fixed by the
act of January 30, 1825. Calhoun county was cut
off from Pike county and organized in 1825.

GENERAL REVIEW.

No whites settled north of Alton for agricul-
tural purposes prior to 1819. During that year
and the next three there was a sufficient number
of settlers to organize a county. Accordingly the
Legislature of 1820-1, as above seen, organized
the county of Pike, which then included all of the
State of Illinois between the Illinois and Missis-
sippi rivers. The county seat was first fixed at
Coles' Grove, adjoining the locality of Gilead,
afterward the county seat of Calhoun county.
This place was named after Edward Coles, Gov-
ernor of Illinois.

We copy the following topographical sketch of
Pike county from "Peck's Illinois Gazeteer," pub-
lished in 1834, as giving an idea of the county at
that early date :

"Pike county is the oldest county in the Mili-
tary Tract, and was erected from Madison and
other counties in 1821. It then embraced the
whole country northwest of the Illinois river, but
by subsequent formation of new counties it is
now reduced to ordinary size, containing twenty-
two townships, or about 800 square miles. It is
bounded north by Adams, east by Schuyler and
the Illinois river, south by that river and Cal-
houn, and west by the Mississippi. Besides the
Mississippi and Illinois rivers, which wash two
sides, it has the Sny Carte slough, running the
whole length of its western border, which floats
steamboats to Atlas at a full stage of water. Pike
county is watered by the Pigeon, Hadley, Keyes,
r.lack. Dutch Church, Six-Mile and Bav creeks,

which flow into the Mississippi ; and Big and Lit-
tle Blue, and the North and West Forks of Mc-
Gee's creek, which enter into the Illinois. Good
mill sites are furnished by these streams.

"The land is various. The section of country,
or rather island,, between the Sny Carte slough
and the Mississippi, is a sandy soil, but mostly
inundated land at the spring flood. It furnishes a
great summer and winter range for stock, afford-
ing considerable open prairie, with skirts of heavy
bottom timber near the streams. Along the bluffs
and for two or three miles back the land is chiefly
timbered, but cut up with ravines and quite roll-
ing. Far in the interior and toward Schuyler
county excellent prairie and timber lands are
found, especially about the Blue rivers and
McGee's creek. This must eventually be a rich
and populous county.

"In Pleasant Vale, on Keyes creek, is a salt
spring twenty feet in diameter, which boils from
the earth and throws off a stream of some size,
and forms a salt pond in its vicinity. Salt has
been made here, though not in great quantities.

"In the county are seven water saw mills, four
grist mills, one carding machine, five stores, and
a horse ferryboat across the Mississippi to
Louisiana."

HANSON AND SHAW.

The State constitution, adopted on the admis- i-
sion of Illinois into the Union in .1818, prohibited
slavery in this State. Owing to this fact many of
the early immigrants coming west, who were
from the slave States of Virginia and Kentucky,
passed right through this garden of Eden into
Missouri. An effort was made, therefore, to so
amend the constitution as to permit slavery in this ^,
State that it might be more attractive to settlers,
and the sequel showed that Illinois had a narrow
escape from the dreadful evils of slavery. When
the necessary preliminary resolution was offered
in the Senate it was ascertained that the requisite
two-thirds vote to pass the resolution for the call
of a convention to amend the constitution could
be obtained and to spare ; but in the House they
needed one vote. At first it was strenuously
argued that the two-thirds vote meant two-thirds
of the two Houses in joint convention ; but the

46

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

opponents were too powerful in their argument
upon this point. The majority, however, was not
to be foiled in their purpose. Another mode pre-
sented itself ; all that was required was courage
to perpetrate a gross outrage on a recalcitrant
member. There had been a contested election case
from Pike county. The sitting member decided
by the House to be entitled to the seat was Nicho-
las Hanson, and the contestant, John Shaw, the
"Black Prince." Hanson's vote had been obtained
for the re-election of Jesse B. Thomas, strongly
pro-slavery, to the United States Senate; but
further than this he would not go. Shaw, who
favored the convention project, was now dis-
covered to be entitled to the seat. A motion was
thereupon made to reconsider the admission of
Hanson, which pervailed. It was next further
moved to strike out the name of Hanson and
insert that of Shaw. During the pendency of the
resolution a tumultuous crowd assembled in the
evening at the State house, and after the delivery
of a number of incendiary speeches, inflaming
the minds of the people against Hanson, they pro-
ceeded through the town (Vandalia) with his ef-
figy in a blaze, accompanied with the beating of
drums, the sound of bugles, and shouts of "Con-
vention or death." A motion to expel Hanson
and admit Shaw was adopted, and the later
awarded the majority by voting for the conven-
tion resolution, which thus barely passed. The
night following, a number of members of both
Houses entered the solemn protest against this
glaring outrage of unseating Hanson, both with
the object intended and the manner of perpetrat-
ing it. Many reflecting men, earnest in their sup-
port of the convention question, condemned it,
and it proved a powerful lever before the people
in the defeat of the slavery scheme. The passage
of the convention resolution was regarded as tan-
tamount to its carriage at the polls.

The pro-slavery party celebrated their triumph
by an illumination of the town, and the procession,
accompanied by all the horrid paraphernalia and
discordant music of a charirari, marched to the
residence of Governor Coles, and the quarters of
the chief opponents of the measure, where they
performed with their demoniac music to annoy
and insult them.

The convention resolution was finally defeated
by i ,800 majority at the polls.

It is thus seen how Pike county gave the casting
vote on the slavery question in this State in 1820.

MAROUETTE COUNTY.

The counties now bounding Pike county on
the north are Adams and Brown; but in 1841
there was a county struck off from the east side
of Adams and called Marquette. Columbus, being
more centrally located in Adams county, became
ambitious for the county seat, but as Quincy was
too powerful against this project, the eastern por-
tion of Adams county was struck off by an act
of the Legislature in order that the ambition of
Columbus might be satisfied and become a county
seat. No attempt was made to organize the county
until 1846, when Quincy again proved too power-
ful for them, and the following Legislature re-
pealed the act defining the boundaries of the
county.

COUNTY SEAT CONTEST.

In 1842-3 an effort was made to divide the
county, the new county seat to be at Barry. Dr.
Thomas Worthington was a member of the State
Senate, and William Blair of the House, each rep-
resenting the interests of his section of the county.
The bill .introduced by Mr. Blair proposed to di-
vide the county by a line running north and south
through its extent : but, after the presentation of
many petitions and remonstrances, and a period
of considerable excitement, the bill failed to pass
the House. In 1850 the county was divided into
nineteen townships, and organized under the
township organization law of the constitution of
'1848. Under this mode the county is at present
conducted. And that was the end of this little
fight. The county remains, therefore, to the pres-
ent day as it was outlined by the Legislature of
1825. In the fall of 1846 the effort was renewed.
Meetings were held in various parts of the county
and speeches were made on both sides of the ques-
tion ; but public interest soon died down.

In 1893 another effort was made to move the
county capital to Barry, but at the election in No-
vember, 1803, tlle voters decided to leave it at
Pittsfield.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

47

FIRST AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS.

Coming on down through the years for over a
century, we wish to speak 'of the first American
settlements in the State, as an introductory to the
more immediate history of the original Pike
county.

The first settlement made within the borders of
the great State of Illinois by citizens of the United
States was in 1784, when a few families from
Virginia founded a small colony or settlement
near Bellefontaine, in Monroe county. The next
American settlement was made in St. Clair county,
two of which were' made prior to the year 1800.

The first American settlers in Illinois were
chiefly from Kentucky, Virginia, Pennsylvania,
North Carolina, Tennessee and some from Mary-
land. Some of these had served with General
Clark, who conquered the country from the British
in 1778. This whole people did not number more
than 12,000 in 1812, but with the aid of one com-
pany of regular soldiers defended themselves and
their settlements against the numerous and power-
ful nations of Kickapoos, Sacs, Foxes, Pottawato-
mies and Shawnees, and even made hostile expe-
dition into the heart of their country, burning
their villages and defeating and driving them
from the territory.

When the State was admitted in 1818 the set-
tlements extended a little north of Edwardsville
and Alton ; south along the Mississippi to the
mouth of the Ohio ; east in the direction of Car-
lyle to Wabash, and down the Wabash and Ohio
to the conjunction of the Ohio and Mississippi.
Such was the extent of the settlement in Illinois
when the Territory was clothed with State
honors.

There were but fifteen organized counties rep-
resented in the convention to frame the first con-
stitution. These were St. Clair, Randolph, Madi-
son, Gallatin, Johnson, Edwards. White, Mon-
roe, Pope, Jackson, Crawford, Bond, Union
Washington and Franklin. The last three were
the youngest counties and were formed in 1818.

ORIGINAL PIKE COUNTY.

Pike county was the first or second county or-
ganized after the State was admitted into the

Union. It was erected January 31, 1821, and in-
cluded all of the territory west and north of the
Illinois river, and its south fork, now the Kanka-
kee river. At the first election in Pike county af-
ter its organization only thirty-five votes were
polled, even though it did extend over the entire
northern part of the State, and out of which more
than fifty counties have since been organized.

A "Gazeteer of Illinois and Wisconsin," pub-
lished about 1822, says that the county "included
a part of the lands appropriated by Congress for
the payment of military bounties. The lands con-
stituting that tract are included within a penin-
sula of the Illinois and the Mississippi, and ex-
tend on the meridian line (4th), passing through
the mouth of the Illinois, 162 miles north. Pike
county will no doubt be divided into several
counties ; some of which will become very wealthy
and important. It is probable that the • section
about Fort Clark (now Peoria)-will be the most
thickly settled. On the Mississippi river, above
Rock river, lead ore is found in abundance. Pike
county contains between 700 and 800 inhabitants.
It is attached to the first judicial circuit, sends
one member to the House of Representatives, and,
with Greene, one to the Senate. The county seat
is Coles' Grove, a post town. It was laid out in
1821, and is situated in township n south, in
range 2 west of the fourth principal meridian ;
very little improvement has yet been made in this
place or vicinity. The situation is high and
healthy and bids fair to become a place of some
importance."

Thus the historian of three-score years ago
speaks of Pike county as it was in its original
magnitude and wildness. How changed is the
face of the country since then ! Who could have
foretold its future greatness with any degree of
knowledge or certainty !

We deem it within the province of this work
to speak of the earliest settlement of all this vast
region. Much of it was settled prior to that por-
tion contained within the present boundaries of
the county, and as it was for many years a part
of Pike county it is proper we should refer to it,
briefly at least.

The earliest history and the first occupation of
the original Pike county are enshrouded in almost

48

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

impenetrable obscurity. After the lapse of more
than three-quarters of a century, the almost total
absence of records, and the fact that the whites
who visited or lived in this region prior to 1820
are all dead, render it impossible now to deter-
mine with any degree of certainty the name of
him who is entitled to the honor of being recorded
as "first settler." Perhaps the first man who so-
journed within the Miltary Tract, lived in what
is now Calhoun county. He went there about 1801,
and lived for years before any other settler came,
and remained alone and unknown for a long time
after the first pioneers moved into that section. His
home was a cave dug out by himself, and was
about a quarter of a mile from the Mississippi
river. In 1850 the boards of his cave floor were
dug up and the ground leveled. Who 'he was or
where he came from was known only to himself,
for he refused all intercourse with the settlers.

LOG CABINS.

We shall, in this chapter, give as clear and
exact a description of pioneer life in this county
as we can find language to picture it in, com-
mencing with the time the sturdy settlers first
arrived with their scanty stores. They had mi-
grated from older States, where the prospects for
even a competency were very poor, many of them
coming from Kentucky, for, it is supposed they
found that a good State to emigrate from. Their
entire stock of furniture, implements and family
necessities were easily stored in one wagon, and
sometimes a cart was their only vehicle.

As the first thing after they arrived and found
a suitable location, they would set about the build-
ing of a log cabin, a description of which may be
interesting to the younger readers, and especially
their descendants, who may never see a structure
of the kind. Trees of uniform size were selected
and cut into pieces of the desired length, each end
being saddled and notched so as to bring the logs
as near together as possible. The cracks were
"chinked and daubed" to prevent the wind from
whistling through. This had to be renewed ev-
ery fall before cold weather set in. The usual
height was one story of about seven or eight feet.
The gables were made of logs gradually short-

ened up to the top. The roof was made by laying
small logs or stout poles reaching from gable to
gable, suitable distances apart, on which were
laid the clapboards after the manner of shingling,
showing two feet or more to the weather. The
clapboards were fastened by laying across them
heavy poles called "weight poles," reaching from
one gable to the other, being kept apart and in
their place by laying pieces of timber between
them called "runs" or "knees." A wide chimney
place was cut out of one end of the cabin, the
chimney standing entirely outside and built of
rived sticks laid up cob-house fashion and filled
with clay or built of stone, often using
two or three cords of stone in building
one chimney. For a window, a piece about
two feet long was cut out of one of the wall
logs, and the hole closed, sometimes with glass,
but oftener with greased paper pasted over it. A
doorway was also cut through one of the walls,
and the door was made of spliced clapboards and
hung with wooden hinges. This was opened by
pulling a leather latch-string which raised a
wooden latch inside the door. For security at
night this latch-string was pulled in, but for
friends and neighbors, and even strangers, the
"latch-string was always hanging out," as a wel-
come. In the interior, upon one side, was the huge
fireplace, large enough to contain a back log as big
as the strongest man could carry, and holding
enough wood to supply an ordinary stove a week ;
on either side were poles and kettles, and over
all a mantel on which was placed the tallow dip.
In one corner stood the larger bed for the old
folks, under this the trundle bed for the children ;
in another corner stood the old-fashioned, large
spinning wheel, with a smaller one by its side ; in
another the pine table, around which the family
gathered to partake of their plain food ; over the
door hung the ever-trustful rifle and powder horn ;
while around the room were scattered a few splint
bottomed chairs and three-legged stools ; in one
corner was a rude cupboard holding the table-
ware, which consisted of a few cups and saucers
and blue-edged plates, standing singly on their
edges against the back, to make the display of
table furniture more conspicuous.

These simple cabins were inhabited by a kind

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

49

and true-hearted people. There were strangers to
mock modesty, and the traveler, seeking lodgings
for the night or desirous of spending a few days
in the community, if willing to accept the rude
offering, was always welcome, although how they
were disposed of at night the reader may not eas-
ily imagine ; for, as described, a single room was
made to serve the purpose of kitchen, dining
room, sitting room, bedroom and parlor, and
many families consisted of six or eight members.

STATE IMPROVEMENTS.

The celebrated internal improvement system
inaugurated by the State in 1836-7 did not give
Pike county any railroads or canals, or even
promise any ; but an appropriation of several
thousand dollars was made, which was economic-
ally expended in the improvement of highways.
Commissioners were appointed, men were hired
to superintend the work, and wagon roads were
made evener or improved from Quincy through
the northeastern part of the county, from Pitts-
field to Florence, and one from Griggsville to the
Illinois river. These works were completed, how-
ever, by county and township aid.

ORIGIN OF NAMES OF CREEKS.

McCraney's creek, formerly called "McDon-
ald's creek," by the government survey, was so
named after McCraney, who was the first settler
upon its banks. He was a man of great endur-
ance and a skillful sportsman. One day he chased
down a gray wolf with his horse, when he placed
one foot upon the animal's neck and with the
other succeeded in breaking his legs so -that he
could get something with which to completely
dispatch him.

Hadley creek was named after Col. Levi Had-
ley, an early settler.

Dutch Church creek was named after a rocky
bluff near its bank which is supposed to resemble
an old Dutch church in the city of Albany, N. Y.
Keyes creek was named after Willard Keyes.

Ambrosia creek was named from the purity of
its waters.

Two-Mile creek was named from its crossing
the bluff two miles from Atlas.

Six-Mile ^creek is six miles below Atlas.

Bay creek was so called from the bay into
which it runs.

FIRST THINGS IN PIKE COUNTY.

The first settler in Pike county was Ebenezer
Franklin, who also cut the first tree and built the
first log cabin in 1820.

The first white female person born in the county
was Nancy, daughter of Col. William Ross, at
Atlas, May i, 1822, who died November 18, the
same year.

Marcellus Ross, now living one mile east of
Pittsfield, was the second white male child born
in Pike county.

The first death in the county was that of Clar-
endon Ross, at Atlas.

Daniel Shinn brought the first wagon into the
county in 1820.

Col. Benjamin Barney was the first blacksmith
in the county, erecting his shop at Atlas in 1826.
He also burned the first coal in the county, it hav-
ing been shipped from Pittsburg, Pa.

James Ross brought and used the first grain
cradle here, in 1828.

James Ross also equipped and ran the first
turner's lathe and cabinet shop at Atlas, in 1828.

Col. William Ross built the first brick house in
the county, at Atlas, in 1821.

He also erected the first store building at Atlas
in 1826, and also the first grist mill, a band mill
at Atlas about the same time.

Fielding Hanks was the first to follow tanning
in Pike county.

The first Circuit Court was held at Coles'
Grove, October i, 1821.

The first court at Atlas was held "on the first
Thursday .after the fourth Monday in April,"
which would be May I, 1823.

The first courthouse within the present limits
of Pike county was built at Atlas in 1824.

The first jail was erected at Atlas in 1824.

The first school was taught at Atlas by John
Jay Ross in 1822.

The first church was organized in the Ross

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

family at Atlas prior to 1830. It was Congre-
gational.

The first church building in Pittsfield was the
Congregational, and built by Colonel Ross.

Captain Hale, a Baptist minister, probably or-
ganized the first Baptist church in Pike county.

The first library was founded at Atlas, about
1833-4.

The first Fourth of July celebration was held
at Atlas in 1823.

The first political meeting was held in Monte-
zuma township in 1834, when Colonel Ross, who
was running for the Legislature, made a speech.
About fifty voters were present, besides boys. No
nominations or appointments were made.

The first whisky distilled in the county was
manufactured by Mr. Milhizer in 1826.

The first wheat was raised by Colonel Ross
and Mr. Seeley near Atlas, which was also the
first ground in Pike county and made into bis-
cuit. The flour was bolted through book muslin.

The first apples were raised by Alfred Bissell,
near New Hartford, and the first at Pittsfield by
Col. William Ross.

The first man hanged in the Military Tract was
a Mr. Cunningham, at Quincy.

The first man executel in Pike county was Bar-
tholomew Barnes, at Pittsfield, December 29,
1872.

The first State Senator elected from Pike
county was Col. William Ross.

The first County Commissioners were Capt.
Leonard Ross, John Shaw and William Ward.

The first County Treasurer was Nathaniel
Shaw, appointed in 1821.

The first County and Circuit Clerk was James
W. Whitney.

T. L. Hall, of Detroit township, taught the first
singing school at Atlas.

The first justices of the peace were Ebenezer
Smith and Stephen Dewey, appointed in 1821.

The first constable was Belus Jones, appointed
in 1821.

The first Masonic lodge was held upstairs at the
house of Colonel Ross, in Atlas, between 1830
and 1834. The desk used on the occasion is still
in the possession of Marcelhis Ross. It is a plain
box, strongly built, fifteen inches square and two

and one-half feet high, and contains two shelves.
In one side is a door swung on hinges.

FIRST WHITE MEN IN PIKE COUNTY.

The first white men who came to Pike county
were possibly Fathers Marquette, LaSalle, Tonti
and others who, as history says, made frequent
trips up and down the. two rivers that are Pike
county's east and west boundaries in the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries. The first settler was
J. B. Tebo, a French Canadian trapper and hunter
who had a cabin on the bank of the Illinois river
just -north of the line of Detroit township, or on
a part of section 33, Flint township. He was
there in 1817 and was killed at Milton in 1844.

The first settlement of Pike county by white
men was in the summer of 1820, 'when four sons
of Micah Ross, of Pittsfield, Mass., and a few
other families started for what was then known
as the Far West — the State of Illinois, on the
Mississippi bottoms. They arrived safely at the
headwaters of the Allegheny river, and there pro-
curing boats for their families, horses and wag-
ons, set out to descend the stream, then in a very
low stage of water. Difficulties here began to as-
sail the little band. Again and again the boats
ran hard aground, rendering it necessary for the
sturdy emigrants to rush into the water, and
wield the pries and levers with a will. However,
they were not to be disheartened, but by dint of
perseverance succeeded in reaching Pittsburg, af-
ter fourteen days of unremitting exertion. Here
they entered upon the broad and beautiful Ohio,
which bore them pleasantly upon its ample bosom,
permitting them to review, at leisure, the toils
and sufferings endured upon the Allegheny. In
a few weeks they arrived at Shawneetown, situ-
ated above the mouth of the Ohio, in Illinois, at
which point they took leave of their water pal-
aces, and started with wagons and teams for their
place of destination near the Mississippi river.

At Upper Alton, which they reached in due
time, they secured quarters for their families,
where they left them, while they went in search
of their intended location. There was but one
house at this time in what is now the city of
Alton, .-ind that was occupied by Major Hunter.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

At the mouth of the Illinois river they came
across at Indian camp, where they procured two
canoes, split puncheons of plank and laid across
them, an 1 thus safely ferried over their wagons.
The horses were made to swim alongside of the
canoes. They then crossed the bluff and pro-
ceeded to the Mississippi Bottom, at the point
where Gilead ( in Calhoun county) is now situated,
then continued up the Bottom, marking the trees
as they went, for there were no roads, and noth-
ing to guide them but an occasional Indian trail.
At length they arrived in township 6 south, 5
west, Atlas township, about six miles east of the
Mississippi, in the tract appropriated for military
bounties. This beautiful prairie land charmed
the emigrants, and they at once set to work their
energies and constructed a camp to shelter them-
selves while preparing quarters for their families.
No time was lost in throwing up four rough log
cabins, intended to form the immediate settle-
ment, for there were not more than five white
men within fifty miles of this location, east of the
river. All being prepared, the pioneers returned
for their families, and shortly after took perma-
nant possession of their habitations. The priva-
tions and sufferings endured by this little band in
the first years of settlement need not be par-
ticularized.

At this time the Legislature was in session at
Vandalia, and learning of the location of these
emigrants, they took measures to lay off and form
the county of Pike, embracing all the territory
north and west of the Illinois river, and including
what are now known as the cities of Chicago, Pe-
oria, Quincy and Galena. At the first election held
in this vast territory, there were but thirty-five
votes polled, including those of the French at
Chicago. Since then more than fifty counties
have been created out of it, while the population
continues to increase rapidly every year.

For a while the prospects of our settlers were
very flattering : but afterward sickness and death
entered their ranks. Colonel Ross lost his first wife,
one brother and several of the company, the first
year. Subsequently, the Colonel visited New
York, and married a Miss Ednah Adams, of that
State, after which he returned to Illinois, laid out

a town, embracing his first location, and named
it Atlas. There had previously been established
a post-office called Ross Settlement, but this desig-
nation gave way to the one now adopted by the
Colonel, who soon commenced improving a farm,
and built a mill, which was much needed at the
time.

The seat of justice was then at Coles' Grove,
near what is now known as Gilead, in Calhoun
county. The first Probate Court was at Coles'
Grove, May 23, 1821, by Judge Abraham Beck.
The first Circuit Court was held at Coles'
Grove, October i, 1821, John Reynolds, Judge.
The sheriff returned a panel of grandjurors, six-
teen of them appearing, viz. : Levi Roberts, fore-
man; Ebenezer Franklin, Gardner H. Tullis,
Joseph Bacon, George Kelly, Ebenezer Smith,
David Dutton, Amos Bancroft, James Nixon, Na-
thaniel Shaw, Thomas Procter, Richard Dilley,
Stephen Dewey, William Mossey, Combart Shaw,
and Daniel Phillips. The following persons
were called, but made default: Leonard Ross,
Henry J. Ross, Daniel Shinn, J. M. Seeley, Abra-
ham Kurtz, Levi Newman, Henry Loup, John
Better and John Jackson. Joseph Jervais and John
Shaw, interpreters, were also sworn in. The
first case was a divorce suit — Sally Durham
z's John Durham, on the ground of absence for
more than two years. Granted, and given cus-
tody of only child. The next case was that of the
People vs Pemison and Shorewennekeh, two In-
dians, on the charge of murder. The court ap-
pointed David P. Cook and P. H. Winchester at-
torneys for the prisoners. The verdict was a
very singular one. It was this: ."That we, the
jury, have agreed as to our verdict, according to
the evidence before us, that Pemison, otherwise
called 'Traveler,' is guilty of manslaughter, and
Shorewennekeh, called 'Spice Bush,' is not guilty.
It is therefore ordered and adjudged by this court
that the said Shorewennekeh, otherwise called
'Spice Bush,' go hence and be wholly discharged
and acquitted ; and it is therefore further ordered
and adjudged by the court that the said Pemison,
otherwise called 'Traveler,' make the fine to the
people of this State in the sum of twenty-five
cents, and be imprisoned for a term of twenty-

UBRARY
iiun/rDcnv nc M

5-'

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

four hours." The full term of imprisonment was
meted out to him, in a rail pen, that served the
purpose of jail.

William W. Ward was the first white child
born in Pike county. He was born in
1821, Nancy Ross in 1822 and Marcellus Ross
in 1824. Hiram Ward was the first mail
carrier from Atlas to Quincy in 1827. The first
death was Nancy, wife of Col. William Ross,
February 12, 1821. The first marriage of which
we can procure any information, was Peter J.
Saxberry to Miss Matilda Stanley, June 19, 1827.
The first sheriff was Bigelow C. Fenton, who was
elected and commissioned October 2, 1821. James
W. Whiting was appointed clerk of the county,
March 12, 1821.

The first member of the Legislature was Gen.
Nicholas Hanson. His seat was contested by
John Shaw, of Calhoun county. The first State
Senator was Tom Carlin, of Greene county. The
present county of Pike was organized in 1821.
The first county seat was Atlas. In 1833 it be-
came evident that the county seat must very soon
be moved to some point near the center of the
county. Colonel Ross joined enthusiastically in
this movement, and advanced the money to the
county authorities with which to enter the land
on which Pittsfield now stands. The County
Commissioners, Colonel Barney, George Hinman
and Hawkins Judd, in consideration of Colonel
Ross's valuable services in securing the new lo-
cation gave him the honor to name the new county
seat, which he accordingly did, naming it Pitts-
field, in honor of his old home in Massachusetts.

The first mill in the county was built in 1822,
by Colonel Ross at Atlas. It was propelled by two
horses, and could grind from a peck to a half
bushel of corn per hour. In 1822, Mr. Van Du-
sen started a ferry at what is now known as
"Phillip's Ferry," on the Illinois river. He com-
menced with a canoe, ferrying footmen and
swimming horses. He subsequently sold his
ferry and land claim to Nimrod Phillips, many of
whose descendants are still living in Pike county.
Pike county has much with which to enrich his-
tory and cause its citizens to be proud of their
county. In early days the "State of Pike," as it was
called, did much to shape the political future of

the great State of Illinois. It had many sole and
influential men ; men whose pride for "Pike" was
their chief ambition and aim, whether in the Leg-
islative halls or in the lobby, their power was felt
and feared.

In March and April, 1820, Ebenezer Franklin
and Daniel Shinn came to what is now Pike
county and settled near what afterward was At-
las. The Ross family came in the summer of
1820 and to these sturdy and fearless pioneers
Pike county and its people will ever render proper
homage. And could they return from the echo-
shore, and see the progress and development in
their old home county they could truly say, Great
God, Thou hast been good and merciful to our
successors. All the blessings of nature are freely
shown in the once wilderness now a garden spot.
And in all the years since 1820 no famine or
pestilence has smitten the land. Fruits, flowers,
cereals and material blessings have been without
stint. Colonel Benjamin Barney came in 1826,
and he with Col. William Ross and others took
an active part in the Black Hawk war. Colonel
Ross was aide to the commanding general and ap-
pointed Abraham Lincoln as captain of one of the
companies from Sangamon county. Pike county
had in that war companies under command of
Captains Barney, Petty and Hale. Colonel Ross
had an intimate acquaintance with Col. Zachary
Taylor and Capt. Abraham Lincoln, who were
afterward presidents of the United States. He
also knew well the early Governors and Senators
of Illinois.

BLACK HAWK WAR.

In November, 1830, fifty or sixty of the Sac and
Fox tribes of Indians came down on a hunting
excursion and camped on Bay creek. These tribes
at that time were living on Rock river in the
northern part of the State, and wished once more
to visit the scenes of their former hunting ground.
Some little trouble occurred between these In-
dians and the whites on account of the disappear-
ance of hogs in the neighborhood. The settlers
turned out and caught some of the red men, tied
them up and administered to them severe flagella-
tions with withes, and they immediately left the
country, never, with one or two exceptions, to re-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

53

turn in a body to Pike county. This episode
comes as near as anything of a warlike nature,
especially a hostile collision with the Indians, as
any that we have any record of occurring in Pike
county.

In the fall of 1831 Black Hawk and his tribes
appeared on Rock river, where they committed
several petty depredations. The settlers of Rock
river and vicinity petitioned Governor Reynolds
for aid, stating that "Last fall the Black Hawk
band of Indians almost destroyed all of our crops,
and made several attacks on the owners when they
attempted to prevent their depredations, and
wounded one man by actually stabbing him in
several places. This spring they acted in a more
outrageous and menacing manner." This petition
represented that there were 600 or 700 Indians
among them ; it was signed by thirty-five or forty
persons. Another petition sets forth that "The In-
dians pasture their horses in our wheat fields,
shoot our cows and cattle and threaten to burn our
houses over our heads if we do not leave." Other
statements place the Indians at not more than 300.

According to these petitions, Governor Rey-
nolds in May, 1831, called for 700 mounted men.
Beardstown was the designated place of rendez-
vous, and such were the sympathy and courage
of the settlers that the number offering themselves
was nearly three times the number called for. They
left Rushville for Rock Island June 15, 1831 ;
and on the 3Oth of the same month, in a council
held for the purpose, Black Hawk and twenty-
seven chiefs and warriors on one part, and Gen.
Edmund P. Gaines, of the United States Army,
and John Reynolds, Governor of Illinois, on the
other part, signed a treaty of peace and friend-
ship. This capitulation bound the Indians to go
and remain west of the Mississippi river.

In April, 1832, in direct violation of the treaty
above referred to, Black Hawk, with some 500
followers, appeared again upon the scene of ac-
tion, and fear and excitement spread through the
length and breadth of the State. To again drive
them from the State, Governor Reynolds called
on the militia April 16, 1832.

TROOPS RAISED IN PIKE COUNTY.

No sooner had volunteers been called for than
every county and settlement throughout this por-

tion of the State promptly responded. Nowhere
however, was such alacrity shown in answering
the call as in Pike county. The hearts of the
sturdy pioneers were easily touched by the stories
of depredations by the Indians. These stories
were doubtless greatly exaggerated, yet the fron-
tiersmen who knew the subtlety and treachery of
the red men well knew they could not be trusted ;
and almost any crime was expected of them.

Col. Wm. Ross, then Captain of the Pike Coun-
ty Militia Company, received word from the Gov-
ernor on Friday, the 2oth, and he immediately is-
sued the following :

"COMPANY ORDERS — The volunteer company
of Pike county will meet at Atlas', on Monday,
the 23d inst., ready to take up their march by
sun-rise, except such part of the company as are
living on the east side of said county, which part
will meet the company at the house of William
Henman, about four miles this side of Phillips'
Ferry, on the same day, all with a good horse,
and rifle, powder-horn, half pound of powder, and
one hundred balls, with three days' provisions.
The commanding officer of said company flatters
himself that every man will be prompt to his duty.

[Signed,] "W. Ross,

"Capt. ist Rifles, Pike Co."

"April, 1832."

The Captain then called upon Benj. Barney at
his blacksmith shop and told him of the nature of
the order he had received, and for him to forth-
with mount a horse and start out to notify the
settlers to assemble immediately. Mr. Barney
was engaged at his forge at the time, making a
plow ; but he straightway laid down hammer and
tongs, untied his leathern apron, left his fire to
smolder and die, and started immediately upon his
mission. He first went to a man at the mouth of
Blue creek ; from thence he made a circuit of the
county, appealing to all to^assemble at Atlas with-
out delay. He tells us that almost all of them left
their work and started immediately.

The men having assembled at Atlas, the martial
band began to discourse lively music to stir the
patriotism of the militia-men to a high pitch so
that they would enlist for the service. The music
did not seem to "enthuse" them with as great a
desire to enlist as their leaders had anticipated.
Something more potent must be had; so two

54

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

buckets of whisky were summoned to their aid ;
the men were formed in two lines facing each
other, and wide enough apart to admit of two men
walking up and down the line between them. Capt.
Ross and Lieut. Seeley started down the line, each
with a bucket of liquor; two boys followed with
water, and then came the music. It was under-
stood that those who would fall in after the music
would enlist for service. By the time the third
round was made 100 men were in line, which was
even more than the quota of this county under
that call. Wm. Ross was elected Captain and
Benj. Barney, ist Lieutenant. The company ed-
journed to meet at Griggsville on the following
day at 10 o'clock A. M. The men went to their
homes in various parts of the county to notify
their families of their enlistment and to make
slight preparations for their journey. We are
told that with four or five exceptions, and those
lived along the Illinois river, every man was at
Griggsville by sunrise on the day appointed.

The company then started for Beardstown, the
place of rendezvous for the troops in this part of
the State. The Illinois river was very high and
much difficulty was experienced in crossing it.
The ferry would carry but six horses at a time;
and while waiting for transportation the horses
stood in mud up to their knees. It was a gloomy
time and they had no liquor with which to cheer
up the new volunteers. Capt. Ross was among the
first to cross over, while Lieut. Barney remained
with the men upon the western bank. Great dis-
satisfaction was being manifested by the men
under Lieut. Barney, who were waiting in the
mud and water to cross the river, all of whom did
not get over until i r o'clock that night. Lieut.
Barney sent word to Capt. Ross to forward him a
jug of whisky. This was done; a fire was built,
striking it by flint locks of their guns ; the whisky
was distributed, and once more the troops were in
good spirits and ready for any hardship.

The Pike county troops arrived at Beardstown
the next day, being the first company to reach that
point. The Governor and some of the leading
officers were already there. It was found that the
Pike county company was too large; it accord-
ingly was divided and formed into two companies.

Lieut. Barney was chosen Captain of one of these,
and Joseph Petty, Captain ->f the other. James
Ross was elected ist Lieutenant of Capt. Petty's
company, and a Mr. Allen, of Capt. Barney's
company. Capt. Ross was chosen Colonel and
aid of the commanding General. It was he who
appointed Abraham Lincoln, our martyr Presi-
dent, to the captaincy of one of the Sangamon
county companies in this war.

The troops marched from Beardstown to Rock
Island, where they were mustered into the United
States service by Gen. Zachary Taylor. At Fort
Armstrong, which was at that point, there were
then only about 50 United States troops. The Pike
county volunteers, with others, then marched up
toward Dixon on Rock river, the course the In-
dians had taken. They followed them for some
days, but did not overtake them or encounter them
in any engagement. During the entire campaign
the Pike county troops did not meet the foe in
battle array ; not a leaden ball was shot at any of
these men during the 50 days they were out.
During this time they ran short of provisions, and
sent to Chicago, but in that present great city,
where millions of hogs are slaughtered annually
and the greatest grain market in the world exists,
they could not get a barrel of pork or of flour.
The Pike county volunteers then went to Ottawa
and shared with some of the troops at that point.
They obtained rations enough there to last them
about three days, when they marched on down the
river to the rapids, where there was a boat filled
with United States provisions: There they drew
rations for their homeward march. Capt. Barney
drew seven days' rations for his men, but Capt.
Petty thought they would get home in three or
four days, so only drew four days' rations, much
to the regret of the hungry stomachs of his men,
as it took them longer to get home than he had
anticipated. The privates of this call received
$8 a month, and were paid off that fall by United
States agents, who came to Atlas.

THE STAMPEDE.

While in the northern part of the State four
regiments of troops camped together, among

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

55

whom were the men from this county. They
formed a hollow square, upon the inside of which
were the officers' tents. The horses, about 1,000
in number, were guarded in a corral outside of
the square. In the dead hour of night, when not
a light remained burning, and the slow tread of
the faithful sentinel was the only sound that broke
the silence, the horses became frightened and
stampeded. In the wildest rage they dashed for-
ward, whither they knew not; they headed toward
the camp of slumbering soldiers, and in all the
mad fury of frightened brutes they dashed for-
ward over cannon, tents and men, wounding sev-
eral of the latter quite severely. The troops
heard their coming and supposed each wild steed
was ridden by a wilder and less humane red-skin ;
the treacherous and subtle foe was momentarily
expected and the frightened men thought they
were now coming down upon them. They all had
heard of the night attack upon the rangers at the
famous battle of Tippecanoe, and feared a repeti-
tion of that night's bloody work. Capt. Barney,,
with quickness of thought and military skill, in a
loud voice gave order for his men to form at the
rear of their tents. He hallooed lustily, and when
he went up and down the line feeling his way he
found every man in his place. The commanding
officers hearing the Captain's orders .and knowing
there would be safety with his company if any-
where, ran to him. Fortunately the horses were
riderless, which was soon discovered, and then the
frightened men began joking. Col. De Witt
joked Capt. Barney considerably about his hal-
looing so loud, when Gen. Taylor spoke up and
said he was glad the Captain was so prompt to
give orders for his men to form, as it showed a
soldierly disposition ; besides, it let him know
where he might go for safety.

The following Pike county soldiers were in the
Black Hawk war :

CAPTAIN OZIAS HAIL/S COMPANY

Of the 4th Regiment, 3d Brigade of Illinois
Mounted Volunteers, called into the service of the
United States, on the requisition of Gen. Henry
Atkinson, by the Governor's proclamation, dated

.May 15, 1832. Mustered out August 16, 1832.
Captain, Ozias Hail ; first leutenant, David Seeley ;
second lieutenant, Robart Goodin ; sergeants,
Enoch Cooper, Adam Harpool, John McMullin,
Isaac Turnbaugh, Josiah Sims ; corporals, Ben-
jamin Shin, John Battershall, William Cooper,
Isaac Dolbaugh, John Crass; privates, Smith
Ames, William Alcorn, Culverson Blair, Elijah
liradshaw, John Blythe, Enoch Bradshaw, John
Burcaloo, Sylvanus Baker, Derns Butler, Wm.
Buffenbarger, David Cole, Abner Clark, Joshua
Davis, William Davis, John Foster, Frederic
Franklin, William Harpool, William Kinney, Ab-
salom McLain, Caleb Miller, George Miller,
David Moore, John Melhizer, Wm. McLain, Wil-
liam Mitchell, Burgess Neeley, John Neeley,
Samuel Neeley, Thomas Neeley, Resen Nisenger,
James B. Prior, Benjamin Pulum, John Shinn,
Harris Spears, Philip H. Stigney, Joseph Turn-
baugh, John M. Taylor, Ebenezer Yesley.

The above company volunteered and organized
in Atlas, in Pike county, on June 4, 1832, and in
pursuance of orders then received, marched im-
mediately to rendezvous at Fort Wilbourn, where
they arrived on June 17, and were mustered into
service June 19, 1832.

CAPTAIN BENJAMIN BARNEY'S COMPANY

Of the 3d Regiment, commanded by Col. Abram
B. Dewitt, of the Brigade of Mounted Volunteers
commanded by Brig.-Gen. Whitesides. Mus-
tered out of the service at the mouth of Fox
River, on May 27, 1832. Distant 250 miles from
the place of enrollment. Captains, William Ross,
Benjamin Barney; first lieutenant. Israel N.
Bert ; second lieutenant, Lewis Allen ; ser-
geants, Bridge Whitten, Hawkins Judd, Eli
Hubbard, Hansel G. Horn ; corporals, Allen B,
Lucas, Mathias Bailey, William Mallory, Jesse
Luster ; privates, Jonathan B. Allen, William Ad-
ney, William Blair, Alfred Bush, Joseph Card,
Meredith W. Coffee, Robert Davis, Joseph Gall,
Louis A. Garrison, Robert Haze, David Hull,
Eliphalet Haskins, Charles Kannada, Willis Lay,
Chidister B. Lewis, Samuel W. Love, Jesse Lucas,
John McAtee, Andrew McAtee, Richard Marrow,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Adair C. Meredith, Samuel P. Mize, James
O'Neil, John Perkins, St. Clair Prewitt, Emery
Swiney, Stephen Shipman, Lindsay Tolbert, Aus-
tin Wilson, Lucius Wells.

CAPTAIN ELISHA PETTY's COMPANY

Of the 3d Regiment, commanded by Col.
Ab.ram B. Dewitt, of the Brigade of Mounted
Volunteers of the "Illinois Militia, commanded by
Brig.-Gen. Samuel Whitesides. Mustered out of
the service at the mouth of Fox river, May 27,
1832. Distance, 250 miles from place of the en-
rollment.

Captain, Elisha Petty ; first lieutenant, James
Ross ; second lieutenant, John W. Birch. Ser-
geants, Joab Brooks, Gilham Bailey, Joel Har-
pole, Cornelius Jones. Corporals, William Kin-
man, William Gates, Ira Shelly, James Woosley.
Privates, Ira Andrews, Caret Buchalew, Caleb
Bailey, Franklin P. Coleman, Joseph Cavender,
Harrison Decker, Thomas Edwards, Benjamin
Fugate, James Green, Edwin Grimshaw, Appolis
Hubbard, Berry Hume, Francis Jackson, Samuel
Jeffers, Sims Kinman, Hiram Kinman, Thomas
Kinney, William Lynch, Joseph McLintock, Sol-
omon Main, Thomas More, Mathew Mays, Owen
Parkis, Samuel Riggs, Nathaniel C. Triplet, Wil-
liam Wadsworth, B. Whitten, Lucius Wells.

MEXICAN WAR.

COMPANY K, FIRST REGIMENT.

This company was discharged at Alton, Illi-
nois, October 17, 1848. Captains, Israel B. Don-
alson, William Kinman; first lieutenant, Manoah
T. Bostick; second lieutenants, Robert E. Hicks,
Constantine Hicks ; sergeants, David K. Hobbs.
Andrew Main, Austin W. Matthews, Uriah
Thomas ; corporals, Daniel Gray, Joseph W. In-
gals, George W. Freeman, Jarvis P. Rudd ; mu-
sicians, William Kiser, John Moore; privates,
John Arnet, James H. Atkins, Archibald A.
Brown, William B. Bobbett, Alfred I. Blair,
Jackson Bell, Lawrence C. Bristow, David P.
Baldwin, Frederick M. Bulson, Alfred Bissell,

Robert F. Babcock, Ephraim Cram, John Cooper,
Calvin Davis, Alney Durall, Duran Durall, Bur-
ton T. Gray, Nathaniel P. Hart, John Hawker,
John C. Heavener, Christoph Heavener, George
Henry, Anderson Hedrick, Jackson Jennings,
Thomas I. Jordan, John W. Kneeland, Hiram G.
Kendall, Joseph W. Kinney, James W. Lewis,
Josiah Lippincott, James Leeper, Philip Main,
Benjamin L. Mastin, Nicholas Main, Daniel W.
Meredith, Franklin Madison, John Mace, Wil-
liam Main, Joseph McDade, Reuben McDade,
Andrew J. Neely, John Neely, Robert Peterson,
Lemuel Parks, Jacob Seybold, John G. Seavers,
Zachariah L. Smart, Charles A. Spencer, Hiram
G. W. Spencer, Samuel Schanck, John L. Under-
wood, Benjamin F. Wade, McDaniel Welch,
Henry P. Yorke, J. C. Densmore, J. S. Troy,
Rivers Sellon, Charles Sellon.

CIVIL WAR.

Pike county men went to the Civil war in the
following commands:

SECOND ILLINOIS CAVALRY, COMPANY K.

Colonels, John J. Mudd and Daniel B. Bush;
major, T. W. Jones; captains, Presley G. Athey,
Thomas W. Jones, Montgomery Demmons ; first
lieutenants, Thomas W. Jones, Benjamin F. Gar-
rett, William R. Scull ; second lieutenants, Ben-
jamin F. Garrett, Franklin Kinman, Anson
Mitchell, Montgomery Demmons, David C.
Rothrock ; first sergeant, Franklin Kinman ;
quartermaster sergeant, Richard T. Woolfolk ;
sergeants, Samuel V. Swearingen, Richard A.
Bard, Ira St. John, William R. Crary ; corporals,
Montgomery Demmons, George Miers, Alex C.
McPhail, Elijah M. Williams, Hiram D. Moul-
ton, Benjamin V. Sharp, William A. Reed ; bu-
glers, Dorus E. Bates, Clifford R. Scranton;
wagoner, John McCune; privates, Cornelius B.
Archer, Logan W. Allen, Carlisle Burbridge,
John Bringman, James Bradberry, Josephus
Brown, George Bickerdike, James Collins, Peter
Carey, Charles C. Clifford, Alonzo Cheek, Wil-
liam M. Cunningham, Samuel Dell, Anthony
Dell, George R. Carrier, Jeremiah Fireman, Wil-
liam H. French, George W. Gunn, James Graves,
Rowland Green, Watson Goodrich, John L. B.

VICKSBURG MONUMENT

UBHARY

0* 1HE ,,MC
V,1Y 0' ' ' S

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

59

Goings, John W. Graham, William R. Hale,
Stephen B. Hale, Bailey Hayden, William E.
Handel, William Hill, Jacob Johnson, John
Knox, William Kelly, Lawson Lovett, David
Lynch, Thomas C. Leek, Joseph A. P. Love,
Michael McMahon, Benjamin F. Mills, William
H. Mclntyre, James Mayo, Henry S. Norton,
David Pearcy, Franklin Ransom, David C. Roth-
rock, Stephen A. St. John, Riley Stephens, John
Stotts, William R. Scull, William L. Smith, Guy
Smith, David W. Sparrow, William T. Sawyers,
George W. Thompson, Jacob Wulsey, Charles
Wood, Samuel White, Richard Wade, Conrad
Winnant.

Sergeants, Montgomery Demmons, William R.
Scull, Watson Goodrich, William R. Hale ; cor-
porals, Jacob Wulsey, Peter Carey, David C.
Rothrock, Samuel Dell; privates, Robert R.
Bean, Oscar F. Beach, M. William Cunningham,
John Fromelsberger, John L. B. Goings, Roland
Green, Joseph Graham, Stephen B. Hale, Wil-
liam E. Handel, William L. Kelley, Joseph A. P.
Love, John W. Lindsey, Sylvester Mullen, Wil-
liam H. Mclntyre, William McCormick, Ben-
jamin F. Mills, Joseph Polite, Isaiah Ruble, Edwin

A. Rockwell, Stephen A. St. John, John Stotts,
David W. Sparrow, Benjamin F. Thompson,
George W. Webster ; recruits, William L. Allen,
Cuffner W. Allen, Abel A. Adams, William M.
Baldwin, John Brown, Robert R. Bean, William

B. Babbitt, George Bowman, George P. Beck-
holdt, Broadus Briscoe, Williston Beardsley,
Lewis D. Brown, William W. Blackburn, John
Boyd, Buffmgton Babin, William Berry, Pleasant
H. Boston, Aaron Carroll, Giles Culver, William
Dix, Noble M. Dyke, Samuel A. Dunlap, Charles
Dickens, John C. Eagle, John Fromelsberger,
Jesse L. Fields, James P. Foote, John Fisher, Ben-
jamin Fisher, Jonah Goings, Julius C. Graham,
John W. Graham, Joseph Graham, William His-
ted, John D. Hale, James Hayden, John C. Han-
del, Isaac J. Handel, Daniel H. Huffman, Marion
Heavner, James S. Hyde, George W. Harris,
Harrison Johnson, Henry Jacobs, Miller Johnley,
William Jackson, William H. Kerman, William
L. Kelly, Francis Keys, Thomas Knox, James

Kelley.-Andrew Lytle, John W. Lindsay, William
Lytle, John Lovett, George Main, Charles Main,
William McCormick, Alex C. McPhail, John Mc-
Clerry, James Main, Andrew J. Molar, Ennis
Newnham, Joseph Polite, John Peoples, Isaiah
Ruble, James or Elisha Ransom, E. A. Rockwell,
John W. Reynolds, Lyman Ransom, Francis M.
Scanlan, Peter Swiggert, Cicero Scobey, Ben-
jamin F. Thompson, William Trownsell, Peter
M. Tysinger, William W. Walworth, Samuel H.
Wynn, Hampton Wade, George W. Webster;
under cooks of A. D., William Britton, Franklin
Gazaphail, Edward Putnam, Henry Wilkins.

FIFTH ILLINOIS CAVALRY, COMPANY G.

Captains, John A. Harvey, Benjamin B. Hop-
kins, Alexander D. Pittenger; first lieutenant,
. William A. McAllister ; second lieutenants, Amos
" PL Smith5, WiHktm A, McAllister, John W. Pat-
terson; quartermaster sergeant, Amos H. Smith;
sergeants, James P. Taylor, William H. Cham;
corporals, Nathan Swigget, Wallis Dike, John
W. Patterson ; bugler, Joshua Ward ; blacksmith,
James Thompson ; saddler, James Hedger ; pri-
vates William G. Allen, Frederick Akart, Ziba
G. Brown, Curtis J. Brown, John Cahl, Edgar
W. Chase, Thomas P. Clark, Noble M. Dike, Ed-
ward T. Gullcross, William P. Gwinn, Charles
Havens, John J. Heden, George W. Higgins,
John W. Hill, William S. Hill, John Hofsess,
Benjamin B. Hopkins, Benjamin J. Jones, Henry
J. Luckinbill, Samuel Lutes, William A. McAl-
lister, Benjamin F. Mclntyre, John W. Meek, Ol-
iver H. Perry, Jimmerson Pierce, Benjamin J.
or B. Powell, Cornelius Rathburn, John P. Rat-
tic, John M. K. Reid, Wesley Stanley, Hiram P.
•Stetson, Thomas B. Skidmore, Thomas Taylor,
William H. Uppinghouse, Marion Uppinghouse,
Albert Willits, Charles G. Wilson, John Wilson,
Abram L. Winsor; veterans, Frederick Akart,
William T. Gwinn, John J. Heden, Jacob Her-
man, John Hoffses, William A. McAllister, Alex-
ander D. Pittinger, John M. K. Reed, Hiram P.
Stettson, Nathan Swiggett, Thomas B. Skidmore,
Charles Sherman, James Thomson, Stephen B.
Watson, John Wilson, David B. Wacaser; re-
cruits, Levi Brewer, John P. Brower, Owen Crea-

6o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

son, John Clark, Peter Cusic, Jacob Herman, John
Judd, William H. Macaser, John Mier, Samuel M.
Miller, Joseph Stanley, Alick Sanders, Charles
Sherman, Charles O. Ward, Stephen B. Watson,
David B. Wacaser, John W. Willey, Albert
Watson.

TENTH II.LIXOIS CAVALRY.

Robert Wright, Hart Quarv. Xaper Reeves, Ja-
cob Nelson, H. C. Osborn, John A. Beverly.
James M. Champ, Peter Brimm, Oliver Ellmore,
Josiah Taylor. James A. Woods, Giles Bulercl,
Ed. Bell, William Bell, Press Crofton, David
Chapin, William Parkis, E. H. Bently. John Cal-
vert, J. H. Ellege, Moses Greenup, F. Fewgate,
J. T. Gebhart, A. J. Hill. Alpheus Winneger, W.
W. Bell, Jacob Butts, Jack Woolery, Martin
Ayers, A. Jackson, C. Preston, J. P. Johnston.

Captain, William A. Hubbard : first lieutenant,
John H. Gay ; second lieutenant, William Athey ;
first sergeant, Nathan L. Adams ; sergeants, John
W. Hill, Robert T. Babcock, John Scott, Josiah
G. Williams ; corporals, John Shaffner, Edgar
Peckenpaugh, John Gallagher, John B. Mills,
John Bringman, Peter H. Sullivan, John I.
Sackett, John P. Adams; musicians, Jacob F.
Miller, John Peters; wagoner, William J. Bran-
don ; privates, Roder G. Allen, Henry C. Bran-
don, Lewis J. Bradshaw, Eli Bradshaw, Joseph
H. Brown, Nathan Baughman, Jacob Baughman,
George L. Boyd, Joshua N. Butler, Lewis Chase,
John L. Cunningham, Joseph H. 'Cooper, George
W. Carrel, John Davidson, John W. Foreman,
Abner W. Foreman, Isaac Fast, Andrew J. Good-
win, Benjamin Goodwin. William H. Goodwin,
George Huff, David Hadley, Hartley Hines, Wil-
liam G. Hopkins, William A. Higgins, Francis
L. Jones. James S. Johnston, Peter Johnston,
William Kriowles, Samuel Kelly, James Laforce,
James Lee. James Low, Robert Laughridge, Wil-
liam C. Lynch, Joseph J. Lusk, Coatsworth
Aloore, William A. Monroe, William McGuire,
Absalom C. Murphy, John J. Miller, James Nich-
olson, John R. Noble, John D. Reed. Burk Ralph.

William J. Rowley. Joel Rowley. Isaac Roberts,
William Stark, John Sharer. William C. Sim-
mons, Jonathan R. Sitton, Henry Shaffner, Wil-
liam R. Smith, John Shaffner, John M. Smith,
Henry T. Shaw, James L. Saxberry. George
Turnbaugh. Wilberforce Tuthaker, Anthony M.
Triplett, Michael Tinkle, Edwin H. Webster,
Moody J. Webster, William S. Windsor, Delos
D. Walker, John Shaw.

COMPANY G.

Captain, Samuel N. Hoyt ; first lieutenant, An-
drew Moore ; second lieutenant, William H. Hal-
lin ; first sergeant, Gilbert E. Brooks ; sergeants,
Edward W. Baker, Jesse Parke, John W. Knee-
land, Bartholomew Brooks ; corporals, William
H. Hammond, Stephen Northrop, Samuel S.
Leeds, Melvin T. Johns, James F. Hameo,
Thomas C. Manchester, James Rutherford, Ben-
jamin A. Lord ; musicians, Samuel Wade, Henry
Pool; teamster, John S. Buster; privates, John
Ayers, Archibald D. Brown, John A. Bell, George
W. Brooks, James M. Brown, Francis M. Bald-
win, Walter Bell, William Cryder, Jasper Cryder.
John Caton, Benjamin Cawthorn, James Craw-
ford, Thomas Cunningham, John Cahill, Darius
Dexter, John W. Davis, William H. Darrah, John
J. Emory, William H. Elliott, David Evans. Wil-
liam S. Ellidge, Henry C. Ferry, John J. Frank-
lin, Josephus Foreman, Clark Gilhan, John E.
Gray, Thomas Gowings, James P. Gibbs, James
Gleason, Francis Houston, William Heldrith,
Hines A. Hardy, Jonah Hossess, Philip Hahn,
Marion Kinman, James Keyes, George R. Kin-
cade, John Kernan, Wesley H. Mayfield, Harri-
son Mitchell, Francis Miller, Franklin Morrison,
Samuel Oliphant. Andrew J. Rushing, Charles
C. Seaborn, James W. Six, Jefferson S. Steel.
John Santhoff, James A. Sewell, James R. P.
Sparks, George Scutt, Willis J. Stead. George W.
Steel, Charles Tucker, Noah Talbot. Clint P.
Vandermant, Robert L. Wilson, Xoah X. Watts,
Daniel Wardlow. Minor Wanllow, Charles H.
William. George W. Wicker, John M. Wicker.
F.lijah X. Watts, John White, Alfred H. Watts,
John T. Woods, Frank Wade, Henry Woods.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFAXTUY. COMPANY G.

Captain, John McWilliams : first lieutenant,
James S. Bernard ; second lieutenant, Thomas
Butler; first sergeant, Elihu Jones; sergeants, W.
P. Sitton, Robert Wills, Sampson Purcell ; cor-
porals, Elijah Dickenson, George W. Stoby,
Michael McNaughten, William T. Lyon ; musi-
cians, George Martins, Seth W. Pierce ; privates,
John S. Ault, John W. Agnew, Thomas G. Alex-
ander, J. B. Baker, Levi Barber, George Barn-
grover, Hiram Bigsbee, William Bowman, John
Bowman, Daniel Bradley, Gilbert Brooks, Wil-
liam Cammire, George L. Carson, Nathan J. Cof-
fee, Robert Davis, Josiah Davis, Montgomery
Demmons, Denise Denise, Pine Dexter, Edward
Durant, Thomas Foster, Watson Goodrich, Sam-
uel Goozee, John C. Handle, Isaac I. Handle,
Reuben B. Hatch, Charles B. Hays, Moses Hem-
menway, James Heavener, John M. Hurt,
Charles H. Hurt, Joseph H. Johnson, William
Kelley, Daniel D. Kidwell, Robert H. Kinman,
Henry Kinney, John T. Lovett, Amos Laikin,
James Lindsay, William Little, Jacob Long,
Henry Lucas, Fernando Moreno, John Madigan,
John E. Mathis, William H. McFadden, William
R. Moore, William H. Owen, Thomas D. Pettis.
George Petty, Alexander G. Pettinger, Andrew
W. I 'lattner, Thomas H. Post, George W. Rader,
George Rice, Alexander Russell, George Sander-
son, Albert Shaw, Jackson Stout, John T.
Thompson, Carlos L. Toby, John Tucker, John
W. Troutner, David Troutner, David Wacasser ;
captains, James S. Bernard, Elihu Jones, Charles
H. Hurt; first lieutenants, Elihu Jones, William
P. Sitton, Charles H. Hurt. George Sanderson;
second lieutenants, William P. Sitton, Charles H.
Hurt, William A. Savior: first sergeant, Charles
IT. 1 furt ; sergeants, Levi Barber, George San-
derson, William H. Owings, Thomas Foster ;
corporals, John S. Hanlen. Gilbert Brooks, Dan-
iel 15. Owings. William IT. Williams, George
Jackson, Joseph Shinn ; privates, Hiram Byxbe,
Joseph Byxbe, John U. Byxbe, Charles W.' Bar-
bee. George W. I'arr. John D. Boren. James
l!n>\vn. IJartholomew Brooks, James Caton,
Thomas Cein, Isaac Chandler, Thomas Cassady,
James Ca vender, Xoah E. Dye, Stephen Duncan,

Walter Decker, John G. Davis, Warren S. Oil-
worth, William' Durant, James Elwood, Perry
Foster, Marcus Frawner, Benjamin F. Foreman,
John S. Fulks, James Gibson, Thomas Gallaher,
Francis M. Ghant, James Hodge, Thomas Harris,
Thomas Humes, Adam A. Hanlin, William Han-
lin, Jackson B. Hudson, John Harrington, John
W. Henry, John C. Jenkins, Daniel McFarland,
Jesse Mappin, James Marcy, Joseph Moore, Roy-
al Mooers, Rhoderic Moore, David Orton, Henry
Osborn, John Perkins, Frederick Regie, William
Robinson, James Shinn, Peter F. Simpson, Na-
thaniel Stevens, Henry Steel, Joseph Simpson,
Adam Snyder, Reuben Ult, James P. Vincent,
Daniel Vandermant, William H. White, William
W. Westrope, Daniel S. Westrope, Alexander
Wood ; recruits, James Baird, Austin D. Barber,
John Bailey, Matthew F. Castator, Silas A. Car-
roll, Anderson Corder, James Elwood, John
Frawner, Oliver Jones, Amos Larkins, Lyman
Langwell, John T. Lovett, Elias Manning, Alex-
ander Matthews, Charles Mallory, William Mat-
thews, William M. Mills, Silas A. Perry, William
H. Phillips, George Rice, William H. Smith,
George Stevens, Xorman A. Taylor, Franklin
Thompson, John P. Vaughn, Thomas H. B. Wil-
son, Nathaniel W. Webster, William H. Willard ;
veterans, James Gating, Isaac Chandler, Walter
Decker, John S. Fulks, Marcus Frawner, Adam
Hanline. Thomas M. Humes, Amos Larkin,
Joseph Moore, Jesse F. Mappin, John Perkins,
Joseph Shinn, George Sanderson, Adam A. Sny-
der, James P. Vincent, William H. Willard, Wil-
liam H. Westrope.

SIXTKF.XTH ILLI

Captains. George D. Stewart, John Bryant;
first lieutenants, James Hedger, French B. Wood-
all, John Bryant. Franklin J. Cooper ; second lieu-
tenants, Richard B. Higgins, Joseph E. Haines,
Asbury Brown ; first sergeant, Elijah J. Gidd-
ings ; sergeants, Joseph E. Haines, James E. Ir-
win. Samuel Morris, Robert A. Coulter; corpo-
rals, Norton H. Close, Daniel W. Rider, William
Brown, Juclson C. Gillespie, Charles W. Beers.
Alexander S. Hatch, Edson W. Berry, William
Baclgley: musicians, Joseph J. P.obo, James
Shields ; wagoner. William W. Smith ; privates.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

William M. Austin, Almeron C. Bennett, William
Bramble, Asa D. Baker, Benjamin Branic, John
M. Bryant, Sanford P. Bennett, John W. Bal-
linger, William L. Baldwin, Thomas J. Burkee,
James H. Butler, Alexander Baird, Asbury
Brown, Peter Beemer, John B. Brinson, William

E. Chapman, Silas G. Corey, John M. Cooper,
William Copeland, Frederick P. Dillingham,
James Daugherty, William H. Eddingfield, Ben-
jamin Ezzell, John T. Ezzell, Oliver R. Emerson,
Miner A. Foster, Lamar Farnsworth, John C.
Gregory, William Gay, Henry Gale, James Hull,
Joseph Huet, George Hallett, Thomas J. House,
John Halpin, Thomas Hull, James Ingram,
Thomas J. Johnson, Bernard Kane, David D.
Kidwell, Charles A., Kendall, Thomas J. Lusk,
Thomas Lomax, Hiram J. Lee, Patrick McMa-
hon, Thomas McGuire, Robert Martin, Matthew
H. Nichols, William H. D. Noyes, Calvin F. Pier-
son, Alfred Payne, Moses Perkins, John H. Rig-
ney, Thomas Y. Reppey, John M. Shinn, Silas
Shaw, Charles F. Sanderson, Silas Sprague,
Francis M. Smith, Ira W. Shelby, William
Sharpe, Josiah Thorn, Asa E. Topliff, James
Tipton, Edgar Tyler, Cyrus C. Walburn; veter-
ans, Frederick Arnold, Alexander Baird, Asbury
Brown, John M. Bryant, John B. Bimson, Ben-
jamin Brannic, Joseph J. Bobo, James H. But-
ler, William Badgeley, William Bramble, Peter
Beamer, Franklin J. Cooper, John Conley, Ed-
ward F. Gaines, Thomas Hull, George W. House,
John Halpin, Alfred F. Hildreth, John Harrison,
George Leslie, Robert Martin, Matthew Nicols,
Calvin F. Pierson, William H. Quincy, Benjamin

F. Saxbury, Thomas Sheppard, William J. Smith,
Francis M. Smith, Josiah Thorn; recruits, William
Badgeley, William Bramble, Montgomery Bain,
Richard B. Bagby, Samuel Boice, William But-
ler, Horace O. Bennett, Frank J. Cooper, John
Conley, William Cooper, John Collins, Shubal B.
Day, John W. Elder, Edward F. Gaines, Horatio
Gray, Pyrus Clancy, George W. House, Henry
Hubbard, Ed. House, William G. Howe, Joseph
F. Lowe, William J. Little, Alexander Massie,
Charles M. McCauley, Nathan P. Nichols, Jeptha
B. Parks, Elias Price, John Rippey, William Rus-
sell, William J. Smith, Daniel Van Slyke, Her-
bert W. Wilcox, Simon Zumalt, Obadiah Zumalt.

TWENTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.

Three companies in the Twenty-eighth Illinois
Infantry were Pike county boys, and were in bat-
tle at Shiloh, Corinth, Hatchie, Vicksburg, Jack-
son, Spanish Fort and Blakeley. Some of the boys
served four years and seven months. Lieutenant
Colonel Thomas M. Kilpatrick, of Milton, Illi-
nois, a member of the Twenty-eighth Illinois In-
fantry, a brave and gallant soldier, enlisted Janu-
ary 10, 1862, and was killed in battle at Pitts-
burg Landing, April, 1862.

COMPANY I.

Captain, Elisha Hurt ; second lieutenant,
Henry L. Hadsell ; first sergeant, John H. Hurt ;
sergeants, Samuel C. Brown, Henry L. Hadsell,
Horatio Walker, Andrew J. Petty ; corporals, Al-
vin Jessup, Thomas Durell, Andrew A. Veach,
John Smith, William Garten, James H. Rogers;
musician, William J. Pence ; privates, Eli Boff-
man, John Bell, Henry W. Brown, William Brit-
ton, Isaac Bridge'water, William H. Bonifield.
John Barney, Thomas F. Bain, Bartholomew
Boyles, Enoch M. Clift, William Custead, James
Collier, Alfred M. Delano. William S. Dole, Wil-
liam M. Decker, James T. Demarree, Charles E.
Fletcher, Orville Goodale, James M. Green,
James Holmes, Henry C. Hart, John T. Hall,
Henry Hammond, Isaac Halstead, Harrison
Hand, Hollingsworth Hender, Thomas James,
John S. Kinman, John R. Larue, Andrew J. La-
rue, Edward F. Larue, Isaac Micky, William
Mong, Alexander McBride, William H. Murphy,
James McGinnas, Patrick E. Murphy, Menzoo
W. Massie, William W. Martin, Samuel Phrim-
mer, Alfred S. Pryor, Stephen Palmer, James L.
Price, Jackson Rogers, Joseph L. Rogers, Joseph
Stevens, Jacob Stombaugh, Thomas J. Voorhes,
James M. Voorhes, James White; veterans, Wil-
liam Britton, Eli Boffman, John Currie, William
Craig, Enoch M. Clitt, John A. Demaree, Wil-
liam S. Dole, William M. Decker, Henry T. Gray,
Orville L. Goodale, William H. Hubbard, John
M. Hurt, Harrison Hand, John T. Hall. Francis
M. Likes, William W. Martin, John Smith, John
T. Veach, Horatio Walker, Isaac N. Woods'; re-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

emits, William J. Beddy, James Badger, James
or George Bridgewater, Franklin Currie, Joseph
Clark, John Currie, William Craig, James L.
Gordan, Henry T. Gray, Eugene Gray, Gavid
Geer, John S. Gorton, Daniel D. Gray, William
H. Huntly, William H. Hubbard, Dick Johnson,
Daniel D. Kidwell, John Kipp, Charles F. C.
Krauss, Daniel Likes, Joseph Losson, William
Mazingo, Francis N. Martin, Enos Stephens, Al-
bert Stephens, Benjamin F. Stephens, Isaac N.
Woods, James F. Walker.

COMPANY B.

Captains, Thomas H. Butler, George W. Sto-
bie, John T. Thompson ; first lieutenants, John T.
Thompson, Robert Young; second lieutenants,
George Stobie, David C. Troutner, Cyrus K. Mil-
ler; first sergeant, Cyrus K. Miller; sergeants,
Carlos L. Tobey, James C. Clark, Alexander Rus-
sell, Amos Bagby; corporals, George Chrysup,
Pine Dexter, Joseph P. Hensley, John Schwartz,
Thomas Alexander, Robert Young, George B.
Petty ; musician, Seth W. Pierce ; privates, Rich-
ard D. Baker, William A. Baxter, Greenbury
Blain, John J. Browning, Robert Blair, James D.
Brothers, Edward Cain, William Crepps, John
Cannon, William Curiman, Claridon Cherry, Mil-
ton H. Capps, Michael Dorr, Francis Donely,
John Ducy, Jasper Dorset, Nathan Foreman,
George Frank, Paschal F. Forbes, John Fitzsim-
mons, David Guthrie, Daniel Haggerty, William
H. Hisel, August Haberlin, William F. Hayden,
Robert Hunter, James Harris, Jasper N. Jame-
son, John M. Jones, Oliver Kile, Thomas Long,
James McDermott, John Murrey, William G.
McGhee, William R. Moore, Job Pringle, Frank
Rupert, Henry Stewart, Columbus C. Sapp, Ru-
fus S. Shaw, Benjamin Schoolcraft, William
Shaffner, Covington H. Sibert, Allen S. Sanford,
James Tucker, Joseph I. Troutner, Peter C. Wil-
liams, Austin J. Wyatt, Tip Winans, Forener
Williams, Josiah G. Williams, Jacob Yoaugh;
veterans, Thomas Alexander, Robert Blair,
Thomas Brown, Greenbury Blair, George W.
Chrysup, Milton H. Capps, Claridon F. Cherry,
John Cannon, William Crepps, Pine Dexter,
George M. Frank, Paschal F. Forbes, John Fitz-

simmons, David Guthrie, William F. Hayden,
Daniel Hagerty, Jasper N. Jameson, Thomas
Long, Richard Main, William T. McGhee, Wil-
-liam R. Moore, Daniel Morgan, Job Pringle,
George B. Petty, Seth W. Pierce, James E. Riley,
Robert H. Rollins, Allen S. Sanford, Rufus F.
Shaw, Covington H. Sibert, Peter C. Williams,
Austin J. Wyatt; recruits', Thomas Brown,
Charles Bagbey, John Goldsmith, Nathan Harris,
Jacob Johnson, Robert H. Kinman, Rufus Main,
Alvin Main, Richard Main, Robert H. Rollins,
John Shaffner.

COMPANY E.

Captains, Thomas M. Kilpatrick, John M.
Griffin ; first lieutenants, John M. Griffin, Frede-
rick C. Bechdoldt, William B. Griffin ; second lieu-
tenant, Burrell McPherson ; first sergeant, Fred-
erick C. Bechdoldt; sergeants, Harrison C.
French, William B. Griffin, William T. Hensley,
Jackson Stout ; corporals, Eldridge Dinsmore,
Major H. Camby, Zachariah A. Garrison, Henry
C. Binns, David C. B. Rummel, John B. Willard,
Lycurgus D. Riggs, Hulburt Burman ; musicians,
William A. Giles, Daniel D. Dinsmore; privates,
Samuel Andrew, Uriah B. Brokaw, Peter
Backus, Daniel Crawford, Warren Comer, Den-
nis Duff, Anzley Donoho, Peter Foreman, Ebene-
zer M. Foreman, James .Gilleland, William B.
Hatcher, Americus B. Hack, James M. Hen-
dricks, Thomas W. Heavner, Samuel G. Hall,
John W. Hamerton, William A. Lacy, Moses Mc-
Madden, Thomas H. Overturf, John Robbison,
Jeremiah Rogers, Christian Schuepf, John R. Sit-
ton, Martin V. Terry, Samuel G. Walk, James
T. Whyte, John Maher, Bernard Smith, Peter
Wroughton ; veterans, Robert Allen, Andrew
Brinker, Lorenzo D. Brinker, Henry C. Binns,
Hubert Borman, Peter Backus, Dennis Duff,
Jacob Foreman, William J. Farthing, Thomas S.
Farthing, Wyman W. Griffin, William A. Giles,
James G. Griffin, William B. Griffin, William B.
Hatcher, Americus G. Hack, Samuel G. Hall,
John F. Kinman, Joseph H. Long, William A.
Lacey, Thomas H. Overturf, Isaac Pecarre,
Walker W. Paul, Jeremiah Rogers, John Rob-
inson, Lycurgus Riggs, Christian Schuepf, Jack-
son Stout; recruits, Leonard Ames, Robert Al-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

len, William C. Bond, Lorenzo D. Brinckner,
James W. Bogby, Charles Barnes, William Bin-
ets, Isaac M. Bristow, Andrew Brinker, Hubert
Borman, Edward Cox, Thomas J. Coulter, Grant-
son Chapman, William Daniels, George W. Farth-
ing, Thomas J. Farthing, Jacob Foreman, Wil-
liam Foreman, James G. Griffin, Thomas J. R.
Grant, William Goff, Wyman W. Griffin, Joseph
Horton, William C. Hevener, George C. Hills,
John Hutchins, Edward G. Jenkins, Hiram Jor-
don, H. T. Jolly, or Yolly.

TWENTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS (CONSOLIDATED) IN-
FANTRY, COMPANY I?.

Captains, John T. Thompson, George W.
Chrysup ; first lieutenants, Robert Young, Henry
L. Hadsell, George W. Chrysup, Job Pringle;
second lieutenants, George W. Chrysup, Job
Pringle, Thomas James ; first sergeant, Job Prin-
gle; sergeants. Pine Dexter, Henry C. Binns,
Harrison Hand, John C. Casteel ; corporals, Ly-
curgus D. Riggs, Samuel G. Hall, Jasper N.
Jameson, Isaac N. Woods, William W. Martin,
Allen S. Sanford, John Smith, John F. Kinman ;
privates, Thomas Alexander, Charl,es Bagby,
Thomas Brown, Eli Boffman. William Britton.
James Bridgewater, William J. Boddy, Lorenzo

D. Brinker, Aaron P. G. Beard, Charles Barnes,
Peter O. Backus, Claridon F. Cherry, John Can-
non, William Crepps, Franklin Currie, Franklin
M. Clanton, Joseph C. Clark, Enoch M. Gift,
William S. Dole, William M. Decker, Dennis
Duff, James W. Edwards, John Fitzsimmons,
George M. Frank, Jacob Foreman, William J.
Farthing, Thomas Farthing, John Fitzgerald.
James C. Ferrand, Paschal F. Forbes, David
Guthrie, Orvil L. Goodale, Eugene Gray, James
L. Gordon, Wyman W. Griffin, William A. Giles,
James G. Griffin, Daniel D. Gray, Daniel Hag-
gerty, William F. Hay.den, Nathaniel Harris,
William H. Hubbard, Americus G. Hack,
Thomas James, Charles F. C. Krauss. William
A. Lacy. Joseph H. Long, William T. McGhee.
Daniel Morgan, Richard Main, Alvin Main, John
Popp, George B. Petty, Robert H. Rollins, James

E. Riley, Robert M. Ruark, Andrew J. Ruark.
John Robinson, Jeremiah Rodger, James W. Ser-
geant, Henry C. Smalley, Covington H. Sibert,

Christian Schuepf, Edward Starr, John T.
Veach, Peter C. Williams, James F. Walker, Wil
Hani White, Austin J. Wyatt ; recruits, Greenbury
Blain, Robert Blair, Leander W. Bacus, Martin
Cox, Willis M. Davis, John M. Hurt, Thomas
Long, Samuel A. Long, James H. Long, John W.
Leftwick, James B. Murray, Stephen B. Modie,
Marcus McCallister, Thomas P. Ownby, Seth
W. Pearce, John T. Pearce, Rufus T. Shaw,
Lewis H. Stillwell, John Shafner, Benjamin
Worden ; drafted and substitute recruits, Henry
Baimer, Albert Brothers, Marshall A. Barney,
Alexander R. Elliott, Hiram G. Kendall, Thomas
M. Martin, John A. Seward, Henry L. Taylor.

Captain, Henry L. Hadsell ; first lieutenant,
Isaac N. Woods; second lieutenants, Joseph C.
Clark; John T. Hall; first sergeant, Isaac N.
Woods; sergeants, John T. Hall, Joseph C.
Clark, Paschal F. Forbes, John T. Yeach.

THIRTY-THIRD ILLINOIS INFANTRY, COMPANY I.

Captains, William W. H. Lawton, William T.
Lyon ; first lieutenants, William T. Lyon, Charles
T. Kenney, Nathaniel W. Reynolds ; second lieu-
tenants, Edward A. F. Allen, Charles T. Ken-
ney, Nathaniel W. Reynolds, David F. Jenkins;
first sergeant, Sampson Purcell ; sergeants, Na-
thaniel W. Reynolds, Samuel C. Chapman,
Charles B. Hayes ; musicians, John M. Bodine.
William W. Tedrow ; wagoner, John P. Lawton;
privates, James Alcorn, Arthur C. Baldwin,
George W. Brown, Charles Brewer, Solomon
Chami, Albert Cook, Henry Carroll, William H.
Duffield. Albert J. Dickinson, William W. H.
Doane, Davis Durand, William Dunham, William
Eldridge, Stephen Evens, Edwin Ferber, Frank-
lin Gardner, John Greenough, Henry Green,
Frank X. Gardner, John W. Hill, I. Page Hill,
William S. Johnson, Charles W. Jackson, David
F. Jenkins, Asher E. Jones, Thomas H. Jones.
Simeon E. Job, Reuben Johnson, Michael Kelley,
Charles T. Kenney, John P. Lawton, Jefferson
Lee, George Marshall. Patrick Menrs. Kryan
Martin, Charles W. Maag, Michael McXattin,
William S. Morgan, Michael McXattin. Graften

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

S. Xntter, Ira Xiswonger, Eleazer Nighswanger,
Norman A. Reynolds, James H. Rusher, Samuel
Stotts, Samuel P. Shannon, James C. Tmit,
George Taylor, William Todd, Nathaniel Whit-
ten, Joshua Whitten, James Wright, William W.
Winters, Newton Ward, Oliver Wilkins, Ander-
son Wells ; veterans, David F. Jenkins, George
W. Brown, Stephen Evans, Thomas H. Jones,
Arthur C. Baldwin, Samuel Stotts, Isaac Meats,
Phillip Wenzel, William Dunham. John M.
Hines, John M. Bodine, Henry Carroll, Solomon
G. Chanie, Robert B. Coe, Martin Conroy, Rob-
ert Davis, William H. Duffield, Edwin Ferber,
Fletcher Ingram, William S. Johnson, James N.
Morrison, Ira Nighwonger, Nathaniel W. Reyn-
olds, Walter Reynolds, William S. Robinson,
Ransom P. Stowe, Anderson Wells, Isaac T.
Webb; recruits, Alex H. Benson, Benjamin F.
Baldwin, Robert Chenowith, Martin Conroy,
Adolph Cook, George Dunham, George F. Dick-
erson, Robert Davis, Thomas J. Gladwell, Ed-
ward K. Green, John M. Hobbs, Davis W.
Hawker, John Hines, Fletcher Ingram, Willard
Kneeland, John W. Lytle, John W. McGarvey,
James Morrison, Isaac Meats, John McClenagan,
John Mull, Jotham T. Moulton, James H. Mayo,
James A. McGee, John G. Martin, Walter Reyn-
olds, William Robinson, Patrick Ryan, Augus-
tus W. Rollins, George Reed, James Slattin, Ran-
som P. Stowe, Samuel Since, Joseph T. Short.
Willis Teft, Jerome Trill, Edward H. Thomp-
son, Phillip Wenzell, Isaac T. Webb. William A.
Winslow, Enos W. Wood; recruits, transferred
from 72d Illinois Infantry, John H. Armstrong,
John Bell, John Beeman, James Broderick,
Thomas Brooks, Christian Carlson, James Dai-
ton, Alick V. Granland, John Hart, John Kilroy,
Michael Lavvler. Patrick H. Lannon, John H.
Martin, Franklin M. Marriat, Alfred Merritt,
John W. O'Xcil. Edward H. Opits, Gustave Pe-
terson, Elizur Sage ;- recruits transferred from
1 1 7th Illinois Infantry, Peter Capps, John R. Ed-
wards, George Jenkins, Burgess Pugh, Thomas
J. Rumley, Harvey A. Rumley, Joseph Weddell.
William Watson; recruits transferred from 1 24th
Illinois Infantry, Gilbert Barnhart. Benjamin
Blackmail, Tobias Blackmail, Henry Brown, Wil-
liam H. Crowder.

SIXTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY, COMPANY B.

Captain, Daniel F. Coffey ; first lieutenant,
Judson J. C. Gillespie: second lieutenant, Wil-
liam Reynolds; first sergeant, Hiram Barrett;
sergeants, Eugene Gray, David D. Kidwell,
Henry C. Kenney. Martin V. B. Smith ; corpo-
rals, Robert B. Robinson, John Fulford, Sylvanus
Fee, Bethuel H. Rowland, Nathan T. Phillips,
Jackson L. Gibbs, Isaac N. Craig, Jesse E. Al-
corn ; musicians, William Trumbull, William
Shinn ; wagoner, Thaddeus G. Nesbitt ; privates,
John A. Alexander. Charles W. Allen, Thomas
Bates, Benjamin Bates, Aaron Birt, William F.
Barrett, Benjamin Baldwin, Benjamin Beckford,
Charles G. Bradbury, William Bernard, James
Bernard, Abner Booth, John Blake, Harvey
Booth, Joseph C. Clark, John H. Carnes, Nathan
F. Coffey, John Campbell. Meredith W. Coffey,
Michael Cocran, Allison Cryder, Thomas Collins,
James Clark. George Collyer, John Collins, Na-
than Decker, Isaiah Doosenbery, George DeHa-
ven, Charles Dorsey, William Dorsey, Joseph
Donner. Samuel Elwood, John Farrell, James
Fields, John Farnsworth, Arthur Gillum, Nathan
V. Gossett, James K. Gibbs, Thomas Gray, Ira O.
Gray, Harvey R. Gray, Thomas Gray, Edward
Higgins. John Hibbs, John Hobson, William
Hull, Henry Ingalls, William Ingalls, Hamilton
Johnson, loseph Jemison, John W. Kidwell, Sam-
uel Linsey, William Miller, Samuel McCune,
Selah Mors, Milton McCartney, John B. Petrie,
James W. Pyle, Edwin A. Rockwell, George
Reed, Thos. H. B. Snedeker, Jerome Stoddard,
Peter Scholl, Joseph K. Sharp, William Seaborn,
Frederick Sebers, Henry C. Sebers, Lewis Sebers,
Walter J. Scott, Henry C. Steele, Job W. Tripp,
William Tanner, Clinton P. Vandermint, Thomas
J. Wade, Dawson Wade, Wallace Wells, Nimrod
F. White, Martin J. S. Wampier.

SEVENTY-THIRD ILLINOIS INFANTRY, COMPANY H.

Captain. James I. Davidson ; first lieutenants,
Samson Purcell ; James B. Wolgermuth; second
lieutenants. Clement L. Shinn, DeWitt C. Sim-
mons ; first sergeant, DeWitt C. Simmons ; ser-
geants, Uriah Warrington, John W. Sherrick,

66

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

James B. Wolgermuth; corporals, William Cam-
mire, Joseph J. Goullee, Jesse B. Newport,
Thomas Wade, Elijah Bazin, George Johnson,
James Anthony; privates, Samuel Anthony, Wil-
liam Anthony, Charles Bickerdike, Simeon Bald-
win, Richard Bickerdike, James Biddle, James
Bickerdike, Henry Bennett, Henry W. Butter-
field, Elijah Brown, Thomas C. Biddle, George
W. Bradberry, Thomas Bradberry, Joseph D.
Cawthon, Samuel C. Cohenour, Martin Culler,
Smith Culler, Joshua Duran, James Dolby, Wil-
liam Dickerson, Mark Dickerson, Hiram Evans,
Marion Fuller, James Greeno, Josiah Goolman,
Archibald Goodwin, Samuel Gargess, Daniel
Hanlan, William H. Harris, John Hedges, James
Hedges, Nathaniel Lynd, James Lytle, Isaac
Lytle, Jeremiah Lytle, Isaac McCune, Edwin
McCallister, William McKibbon, Charles Mc-
Clane, John T. McCallister, Joshua Mummy,
James McKnight, Edward Nettleton, Giles H.
Penstone, Andrew J. Phillips, Edward Penstone,
John W. Rush, William H. H. Swin, David Turn-
icliff, Nathaniel M. Thompson, John W. Thomp-
son, Edward Thayer, Nathaniel L. Watson, Al-
pheus Winegar, John Yelliott; recruits, Able
Carnes, Lafayette Leeds, Francis A. Phillips.

Some Pike county men were in other regiments,
Henry C. Thompson and Mason M. Thompson
being members of the Seventy-eighth Illinois In-
fantry and Leonard H. Orion and Benjamin F.
Taylor of the Eigthy-fourth.

NINETY-NINTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY.

Colonel, Geo. W. K. Bailey ; lieutenant-colonels,
Lemuel Parke, Asa C. Matthews; majors, Edwin
A. Crandall, Asa C. Matthews, John F. Richards ;
adjutants, Marcellus Ross, -Harvey D. Johnson,
Joseph R. Furry ; quartermasters, Isaac G.
Hodgen, Joshua K. Sitton, James F. Greathouse ;
surgeons, Joseph H. Ledlie, Edwin May ; first as-
sistant surgeons, Archibald E. McNeal, John F.
Curtiss ; second assistant surgeon, Abner F. Spen-
cer; chaplains, Oliver A. Topliff, William M.
Evans; sergeant majnrs, Robert H. Criswell ;
James F. Greathouse, William L. Carter ; quarter-
master sergeants, Harvey D. Johnson, Robert H.
Griffin, Erastus Foreman ; commissary sergeants,
Joseph R. Furry, Thompson J. Beard; hospital

stewards, Jas. K. Worthington, George T.
Brooks; principal musicians, Fordyce A. Spring,
George Barber.

COMPANY A.

Captains, George T. Edwards, Isaac G.
Hodgen ; first lieutenant, James K. Smith ; second
lieutenants, James F. Stobie, Thomas A. Hub-
bard, John W. Saylor; first sergeant, Thomas A.
Hubbard; sergeants, John W. Saylor, Edgar F.
Stanton, Peter S. Veghte, John H. Coulter; cor-
porals, James Band, Charles H. Shaw, William
W. Hale, Thompson G. Moyer, Edmond L. Allen,
Delos C. Boyd, John H. Heavner, John C. Moore-
head ; musicians, Spring A. Fordyce, George Bar-
ber ; wagoner, John W. Murphy ; privates, Se-
bastian B. Abrams, Henry L. Anderson, Edmond-
son Altizer, Franklin Altor, James H. Blackburn,
Richard Blackburn, George L. Bagby, John N.
Byrd, Anderson P. Bowman, Robert L. Bowman,
Charles W. Beard, Kingsbury Covery, David E.
Cannon, Mark P. Cannon, James Covey, Wm. P.
Chambers, Aaron Chamberlain, Wm. R. Dem-
nouds, Benjamin F. Davis, William Dix, William
C. Dickson, Samuel W. Dobbins, William N.
Fortune, William H. Fortune, John Fortune, John
J. Foreman, George Foreman, Michael Foreman,
Hamilton Grey, John H. Grey, Thomas Gaffney,
Mathew Gaffney, James M. Graham, William B.
Hand, Willis Hand, George F. Hammer, Peter H.
Ham. Isaac Hildreth, Henry Haskin, Henry W.
Hendrix, George W. Heavner, George Hoffman,
Samuel Holloway, Joseph James, Russell R.
Johnson, Elisha Johnson, Solomon Kaisinger,
Jaret N. Long, Henry Lucas, Charles E. Main,
Robert B. Morris, Franklin A. Moran, Oliver
Martin, Daniel Mills, William F. Mathews, Peter
McKenna, William Ogle, Lewis C. Paine, John J.
Perry, James W. Parks, James Rush, Peter R.
Rogers, Charles Rogers, James P. Rogers, Orin
S. C. Rogers, Michael Rafter, John W. Smith,
Simon W. Scott, David D. String, George W.
Shaw, Henry L. Shaw. Lyman J. Shaw, John W.
Sparrow, Christopher Turner, Webster E. Tozier,
William Tedrow, Henry A. Wade. Wallace Wee-
thee. James Williamson, John Weaver; recruits,
Franklin Aldrich. Robert H. Criswell, Alonzo
Tozer.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

67

COMPANY B.

Captains, Benjamin L. Matthews, James W.
Fee; first lieutenants, James W. Fee, James A.
Elledge, Harvey Thornbury; second lieutenants,
James A. Elledge, Harvey Thornbury, Milton L.
Tiell; first sergeant, Harvey Thornbury; ser-
geants, John H. Battles, Samuel A. Kelsey,
Christian Hearle, Thomas M. Triplet; corporals,
George B. Peeples, Milton L. Tull, David M.
Dickinson, Jesse Johnson, Allen B. Haughey,
Cephas D. Vertrees, Stephen Mullens, James W.
Carr; musicians, Alonzo C. Cobb, Joel H. El-
ledge; privates, Francis M. Ayers, Charles H.
Allen, James M. Birt, John B. Baldwin, Elisha M.
Barrett, John T. Bratten, Henry Conover, Miles
Chenoweth, John Davis, Levi R. Ellis, John Fer-
rell, Josiah P. Gould, James Gould, Matthias
Gregory, Charles A. Hobbs, William Hurley,
Daniel B. Higgins, Louis Harling, Charles B.
Hightower, Harvey D. Johnston, John M. Klaus,
Adolphus Kallasch, Owen F. Kaylor, Morris Kel-
lenbach, Nicholas Kaylor, Thomas Kaylor,
George Lipkaman, Aaron Maddux, George Mad-
dux, George S. Metz, John J. Mayo, George Mull,
Benjamin Noble, John W. Newingham, Albert
Noble, Oliver R. Noble, Edward Nicholas, Au-
gustine Piper, Abraham Piper, Henry W. Peters,
James B. Razey, Francis Rettig, John M. Sheer,
Frederick Straus, August Straus, John Stro-
hecker, Jacob Schnider, Thomas J. Taber, Adol-
phus Thomas, Henry Velte, Henry Wilson, John
Williams, Henry Waldron, Francis Waldron,
Henry Winters, William D. Wood, William C.
Walpole, Leonard Waggoner, William Webel,
Augustus D. Watson, Alexander Wilson, Jacob
Zimmerman ; recruits, George W. Adams, James
W. Adams, Cyrus Cheek, Thomas Dennis, Rich-
ard Long.

COMPANY C.

Captains, Asa C. Matthews, John A. Ballard;
first lieutenants, Joshua K. Sitton, Lucian W.
Shaw, John A. Ballard, William B. Sitton, W.
Henry Kinne ; second lieutenants, Lucian W.
Shaw, William B. Sitton ; first sergeant, John A.
Ballard; sergeants, Benjamin Moore, Edward
Coulter, Louis P. Kinman, William B. Sitton ;

corporals, W. Henry Kinne, Rial A. Walker,
James K. Worthington, James H. Blair, John S.
Barkley, Alexander H. Walton, Henry H. An-
drews; musician, John Moore; privates, Buel R.
Adams, Richard Austin, William T. Armstrong,
John Burns, Jacob Bunce, George T. Black,
George W. Burge, Joseph D. Brooks, Henry Bis-
sell, Perry Brazier, George Billings, Thomas
Barry, William J. Bailey, Thompson J. Beard,
Levi Barnett, John Badgely, Robert Cunningham,
Andrew J. Creason, Harrison J. Curtis, Henry A.
Curtis, Philip Donahoe, James D. Dickerson,
Emanuel Ellis; Thomas B. Ellis, Joel Enderly,
Patrick Flynn, Charles H. Forest, Barney Fey,
Marion Francis, John Guthrie, Nathan Hunter,
Nathaniel Clay Harris, Joseph S. Hubbard, Wil-
liam Hargett, Charles L. Hammell, William
Hines, John Irwin, William Ingraham, John
Johnson, Reuben Jones, Thomas J. Jones, La-
fayette Kendle, George W. Kendle, Henry Lozier,
Stewart Lannum, John Lambert, Wm. Lotzen-
heizer, William H. Lewis, Isaac McCune, Wil-
liam W. McClintock, James W. McCune, Moses
Mitchell, George McCauley, John McCauley,
William E. Norris, John Nash, James Ogle, Wil-
liam O'Brien, Amos Patterson, Charles E. Pettis,
William K. Pratt, David Ralph, John Rutledge,
Martilleus Roberts, Jonathan Smith, Solomon
Spann, Charles W. Stewart, Theophilus Snyder,
William A. Townsend, Francis M. Tucker, James
Tinsclale, Jonathan C. Turnbaugh, Henry Wade,
Robert Wells, William C. Wisdom, James
Winner ; recruit, John W. Shinkle.

COMPANY D.

Captains, John F. Richards, William B.Claudy;
first lieutenants, Francis M. Dabney, William B.
Claudy, John B. Bowsman; second lieutenants,
William T. Mitchell, William B. Claudy, John
Bowsman ; first sergeant, William B. Claudy ; ser-
geants, John Bowsman, Leonard G. Burk, Wil-
liam G. Hubbard, Dennis Badgley; corporals,
Thomas "J. Higgins, Franklin A. Askew, Homer
V. Harris, Jonathan Winner, George W. Sellers,
James Badgley, John M. Hoffman, Jared Jessup;
privates, Theophilus A. Askew, Calvin S. .Allen,
John R. Allen, Thomas H. Blair, Darius Baker,

68

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

John .S. Bentky, Andrew H. Baine, Henry D.
Bowers, David S. Blanchard, Elias Bridgewater,
William S. Barclay, John M. Brackley, David
Croosan, Thomas Cochran, David Call, Henry
Call, Henry J. Crim, Charles Chandler, James
Cullen, William Croosan, Peter Duffey, Henry
Davis, Henry Dutcher, Sylvester Dudley, John
G. Dudley, Adam Decker, Reuben Dudley, Jesse
Dudley, William Gay, Theodore W. Gates, John
Guss, Jasper Card, Thomas E. Gorton, John Gar-
route, John A. Hall, Jr., Nimrod J. Hodges,
Thomas W. Hankins, Reuben A. Hazen, Robert
House, Granville Hall, Otis Hull, Henry L. Jack-
son, John Kerr, Michael Lain, John W. Lippin-
cott, Reuben Louder, Hiram Lillie, James Mcln-
tyre, John M. Marlow, Francis M.cCauley,
Charles McCartney, Andrew J. Morrow, Matthew
W. Mclntyre, Daniel McMahan, William Mc-
Clain, Justin J. Newell, Jacob S. Phennegar,
Thomas J. Parrick, Jerome B. Plummer, Calvin
Rice, Edmund B. Rice, Simpson Sellers, Andrew
J. Smith, Henry A. Sackett, James C. Sperry,
Samuel G. Smith. Alexander Tacket, Nelson Wil-
kins, Robert C. Woods, James L. Whitehouse,
John White, Joseph Wright, William P. Ware,
Joseph C. Williams, Joel Woodward, William H.
Walker, William J. Young; recruits, Lewis W.
Chase, Samuel Ellwoocl, Ezra Gates, Thomas
Hamilton, William H. Johnson, James Tucker.

COMPANY E.

Captains, John C. Dinsmore, Allen D.Richards;
first lieutenants, Joseph G. Colvin, Allen D. Rich-
ards, Robert H. Griffin ; second lieutenant, Allen
D. Richards ; first sergeant, Daniel L. Roush ; ser-
geants, Solomon Fisher, William H. Lindsey,
Jonathan Holder, Robert H. Griffin; corporals,
Christy Ryan, William' Bagby, Isaac J. Dyer, An-
drew J. Davidson, Erastus Foreman, Walter D.
Kent, James H. Dye, Solomon Johnson ; musi-
cians. Nicholas Main, David T. Dinsmore; pri-
vates, George Anson, Roland Anson, John Angel,
John T. Beard. Rufus Birclsell, Thomas H. Black-
eter, John W. Blacketer, Washington Broadey,
George T. Black, George W. Colvin, Jacob Cox.
Morris Chaplin, Andrew J. Conner, Lewis Colvin,
Joel Cox, William Cox. William P. Chambers,

John J. Call, Jackson Colvin, Willis Daniels, Syl-
vester Durall. William Davis, Martin V. Daniels,
Elijah Paris, Ephraim S. Farthing, John W.
Foreman, John J. Foreman, Elias Hammerton,
Adam C. Hill, John Hack, George W. Hayton,
Adams Hunter, Oliver Heavener, John H. Heav-
ener, Milton A. Humphrey, Abel P. Johnson,
William R. Johnson, Cornelius Johnson, Moses
Lindsey, William A. Lansdon, Socrates Lee,
Henry Lucas, Athemore Mitchell, Wyatt M.
Mitchell, Cornelius Mitchell, Saimiel W. Miller,
William E. Norris, Rufus Reeves, Anderson Rut-
ledge, Robert Ryan, Samuel Rutledge, Isaac C.
Roach, James Stewart, Jr., James Stewart, Sr.,
Solomon Stone, Matthew Stewart, John Swader,
David D. Tillman, Volney M. Willard, Wm. H.
Wroughton, Joseph G. Williams, Milton C.
Williamson, Lewis Walker, James B. Williams,
Samuel A. Willard, Thompson Westrope; re-
cruits, Lewis Harper, Henry Smith, George
Wilson.

COMPANY F.

Captains. Eli R. Smith, Daniel McDonald; first
lieutenants, Leonard Greaton, Jacob E. Stauffer;
second lieutenants, Daniel McDonald, Jesse
Parke; first sergeant, Jacob E. Stauffer; ser-
geants. Jones H. Whitney, Milton Batley, Elias
Reed, William H. H. Callis ; corporals, Robert
Cannon. John F. Davis. John M. Campbell, Wil-
liam Edom, John C. Robinson, George W. De-
spain, George H. Webb, James Albert Lee; mu-
sicians, Levi Gardner, John H. Ashley; wagoner,
Frank Rettig; privates, George W. Allen, James
Anderson, Edwin Brown, Thomas Bentley, Henry
C. Boggs, William H. Beckman, Nicholas Cun-
ningham, Charles' A. Campbell, Frank Cooper,
Henry Collins, William Carpenter, James Carpen-
ter, Harrison Daigh, William C. Duff, Henry C.
Deacon, Samuel L. Emery, Walter C. Elder, John
Edom, Dele Elder, Samuel T. Fesler, Adam
Hofsess, Wm. H. Henderson. Thomas J. Hodge,
Andrew J. Johnson, James M. Job, Reed Lee,
Nathaniel Medaugh, Samuel Mitchell. John E.
Miller, Solomon Ogle, Andrew J. Osborn, Albert
Phillips, James Palmer, Stephen Powell, Jesse
Park. Zachariah Reeder, Nathan Razey. James C.
Robinson, "Bruce H. Robinson. Andrew Rubert.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

69

( Vphus ("i. Rounds, Henry Stevens, Stephen Sey-
bold, Abram W. Scontain, Benjamin Scontain,
John W. Sparrow. John Steel. Samuel G. Short,
\Yilliam Yarner. Lyman Vanhyning, Wells Van-
hyning. Wallace W. Winegar, Samuel F. Wil-
liams. Thomas Westfall, Walter D. Waters, Archi-
bald E. Wood, William A. Wood. John W. Woods
Nelson M. Wilson, Charles G. Wilson ; recruit,
Thomas Collins.

COMPANY G.

Captains, Henry D. Hull, Henry B. Atkinson;
first lieutenants, James H. Crane, Henry B. At-
kinson : second lieutenant, Lewis Button ; first
sergeant, Henry B. Atkinson ; sergeants,
William Crawford, David S. Hill, Abram
Mulk-nix, Cyrus McFadden ; corporals, William
R. Conkright, William H. Cowden, James C.
Newport, George W. Lyman, John A. McFadden,
Oliver S. Goodsell, James A. McCoy, William
Elliott ; musicians, William Hawk, John J. John-
son; privates, James S. Alexander, William H.
Alexander. John B. Bowman, Samuel Bollman,
William H. Betts. Charles H. Betts, George M.
Bringle, Benjamin E. Baker, Joseph Burnes, Bal-
lard T. Collins. James M. Collins, Townsend H.
Carver, Thomas Dobson, Don F. Drake, James M.
Eddy, Harrison Emerson, Joseph H. Fisher. John
S. Gilles, George H. Hazelrigg, Thos. J. Hen-
drickson, Solomon Hendrickson, Horace Haskins,
Joel Houchens, Andrew House, Alexander M.
Irving. Oscar F. Johns, Samuel F. Kesterson,
Noah W. Kelso, John N. Littler, James Laxson,
William T. Low, William C. Lovett, Asa C.
Lovett, Chapman Leek, William McCurdy, Rob-
ert McFadden, William Maxwell, David Morris,
George W. Meyer, Ezra Nighswonger, James B.
Orr. Martin O'Grady. James S. Oliver, James
Posten. James Parsons. Henry Proctor, John
Price, William Ransom, Andrew J. Smart. Robert
L. Smith, William Strawmatt, Edson Saxbery,
Samuel Satterlee, Moses L. Stanley, Franklin
Thompson, Francis A. Thomas, Bartlett Toombs,
Thomas Veal. Edward West, William H. Wine-
ger, William Walker, James H. Watson, John W.
Willis. George Whitner, Jr., Bradford Wilson;
recruits, Christian M. Butz, Solomon Hadischer,
William H. Nelson, Jeptha A. Wiles.

Captains, Lewis Hull. Melville D. Massie; first
lieutenants, Melville D. Massie, Benjamin L.
Blades, Daniel Riley; second lieutenants, Gott-
fried Wenzel, Benjamin L. Blades; first sergeant,
Benjamin L. Blades ; sergeants, John G. Furniss,
Talman F. Andres, Solomon E. Thomas, Alfred
Lawson ; corporals, Hamilton H. Devol, Alexan-
der Smith, Jesse Hull, James M. Baird, William
P. Ham, James M. Burke, Richard W. Kennedy,
Thomas S. Wilson ; musicians, David D. Hull,
William J. Ezell ; wagoner, Jonathan Halsted ;
privates, Orrin P. Allen, John M. Ambers, Cor-
nelius V. Burke, Henry Bowman, Thomas W.
Bowman, Isaac Brewster, Moses Bryant, Ralph
Bryant, William Bailey, George Brooks, Isaiah
Collins, John Conley, Patrick Conley, John
Caves, August Claus, John T. Dickey, Robert
Dickson, Henry Durfee, Lavosier Farnsworth,
William Fitzpatrick, Herman Green, Lewis C.
Gillum, John Cudgel, Joseph Gudgel, Daniel W.
Godwin, Dudley Gates, Seton Hampton, John
Higgins, John. Harctesty, John W. F. Hudson,
George Hughes, Michael B. Johnson, Nicholas
F. Kerr, Edward Lowe, Simon E. Likes, James
W. Lyon, William Marshall, Peter McGraw,
Joseph W. McAtee, Byron McGonigel, James
Montieth, Frederick Nutting, William M.
Owings, Joseph Robertson, Daniel Riley, John
Sharp, John C. Smith, Dennis Smith, William W.
Smith, John M. Saxer, Henry Saxer, Adam
Schaffnit. John Shaffner, John Sullivan, John
Stumbaugh, Charles R. Turner, Samuel P.
Travis, John Toohey, Joseph P. VanZant, Charles
Witte ; recruits, Samuel Curry, John Neusel,
Eliud Sells.

COMPANY I.

Captain, Joseph G. Johnson ; first lieutenants,
John G. Sever, George S. Marks ; second lieu-
tenant, Robert E. Gilleland ; first sergeant.
George S. Marks ; sergeants, Joseph Dugdall,
Walter S. Morgan, William L. Carter, Israel
M. Piper ; corporals. Silas C. Walters, Henry
Sowers, Francis M. Fultz, Lemuel W. Shock,
Alexander H. Wampler, Thomas A. Sowers,
William Dillon. Philip D. Greathouse ; musi-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

cians, John W. Borren, Thomas J. Bagby ; wa-
goner, Isaac S. Brown; privates, Thomas J. Al-
bert, Philip Augustine, William H. Bacus, Luth-
er Bacus, Conway Battershell, William R. Bat-
tershell, William J. Bowman, Henry M. Cade,
Henry C. Clemmens, J. G. Coursen, James A.
Canterberry, William Callender, Joseph Collins,
David S. Cranton, George D. Chapman, Henry
H. Coonrod, Nicholas B. Collins, Alvin C. Evett,
Elisha N. Ford, James Foster, William R. Fos-
ter, Ethan S. Gridley, James F. Greathouse,
Isaac A. Grace, Robert Gorman, John C. Gibbs,
Winchester Good, Powhattan Hatcher, Eli
Hanks, John Holoway, David J. Holoway, John
R. Hoover, Marcus Hull, Martin S. Hos-
ford, Henry Hosford, Oscar M. Hickerson,
Andrew J. Kirk, Ransom Kessinger, Elijah
Lakin, Timothy Laughlin, Henry Liles, Wil-
liam P. Lee, Nathan G. Mills, John H. Nicolay,
James Patterson, William P. Pease, Henry Perry,
John H. Pierce, Stephen F. Richards, Julius J.
Smitherman, Ephraim C. Statham, Francis J.
Shireman, Marquis D. Tucker, Oscar Tucker,
James L. Thurman, Lorenzo D. Taylor, Solomon
E. Vickroy, David Walk, Jasper F. Walk, John
A. Wood, Eli Wilkins, William M. Watt; re-
cruits, James Callender, Israel G. Garrison, Rob-
ert N. Long, Thomas J. Modie, Jeremiah Mor-
ton, James H. Silkwood, Robert R. Tisenger,
Andrew J. Williams, James T. Whyte.

COMPANY K.

Captains, Isaiah Cooper, John G. Sever; first
lieutenants, William Gray, Augustus Hubbard,
Zebulon B. Stoddard ; second lieutenants, Thom-
as J. Kinman, John Andrew; first sergeant, James
Hubert ; sergeants, Augustus Hubbard, John
Andrew, John A. Hooper, John C. Ellis ; corpo-
rals, Zebulon B. Stoddard, William Kirtright,
Clayton B. Hooper, Samuel D. Livingston, Rob-
ert Brown, Thomas Potter, Benjamin Bruno,
Edwin E. Gray ; musician, Henry Hubbard ; pri-
vates, Joseph Ackels, John Brown, Joshua Burk-
head, John C. Bennett, Clark P. Bebee, Lorenzo
D. Burdeck, Able R. Burdeck, William H.
Brown, Daniel Barnes, James Harvey Barnes,
Hiram Burton, Harrison Brown, John F. Barnes,
John W. Burkhead, John Barrow, Robert L.

Bowman, Anderson P. Bowman, Levi Barnet,
George W. Burge, Stephen T. Conkright, James
H. Clarkson, William Crowder, George W. Con-
det, Daniel Case, Absalom Cummings, Isaac S.
Dumford, Charles L. Eastman, William W. Ellis,
Dele Elder, Gilbert H. Faulkner, Marion Fran-
cis, Benjamin Gray, William R. Hooper, Henry
Hillman, John B. -Hartshorn, William Hines,
Xurry M. Inglasbe, James M.Job, Samuel K. Mc-
Intyre, James Miller, Edward McLaughlin, John
Magary, Claborn Morgan, William Morrow,
Jacob J. Miller, Thomas P. Ogden, Robert Paull,
John T. Petty, Isaac Piper, George W. Sackett,
Cyrus C. Shaffner, William Smith, Thomas
Starks, John Sackett, Caleb Shinn, John Saylor,
Abraham Saylor, Perry Smith, John P. Spicer,
George Schaffer, Dudley S. Shipton, James To-
land, Thomas Toland, Edward Taylor, William
Vanpelt, Jr., Charles G. Wilson; recruits, John
A. Askew, John A. Allen, Henry Dillon, Almond
C. Hadsell, Nathan A. Hadsell, Solomon P.
Hooper, James M. Parkes, George W. Pine, John
W.' Wright; unassigned recruits, Edward W.
Briscoe, Samuel Carr, Albert Cousins, Jasper
Foster, James M. Hendrickson, George Luzadder,
Mitchell Long, Lewis Peters, Joseph Penrod,
Jabez R. Sickles, Lee B. Thompson, Alexander
Webb.

HISTORY OF NINETY-NINTH INFANTRY.

The Ninety-ninth Infantry was organized in
Pike county, in August, 1862, by Col. George W.
K. Bailey, of Pittsfield, and was mustered in at
Florence, Pike county, August 23, by Capt. J. H.
Rathbone ; on the same day moved to St. Louis,
Mo., and went into Benton Barracks on the 24th,
where it received its equipments, being the first
regiment out of the State under the call of 1862.

September 8 was sent to Rolla, Mo., thence,
September 17, to Salem, Dent county, thence,
November 20, to Houston, Texas county. Was
assigned to the brigade of Brig.-Gen. Fitz Henry
Warren. Was engaged in a skirmish at Bear
Creek, losing I killed, 4 wounded and I taken
prisoner, and in the battle of Hartsville, lost
35 killed and wounded.

January 27, 1863, moved to West Plains, Ho-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

well county, reporting to Brigadier-General Da-
vidson.

March 3 moved to Pilot Knob, thence to St.
Genevieve.

March 15 embarked for Millikens Bend, La.;
was assigned to General Benton's Brigade, Gen.
E. H. Carr's Division, General McClelland's
Thirteenth Army Corps.

Left Millikens Bend April n, arrived at New
Carthage 22d. Marched down Roundaway Ba-
you in Louisiana, passed Vicksburg and Grand
Gulf. Crossed the river April 30, and after
marching all night met the enemy at Magnolia
Hills, near Port Gibson, Miss., lost thirty-seven
killed and wounded.

Marched with General Grant's Army toward
Jackson, Miss., was held in reserve at the battle
of Champion Hills (the hardest one-day battle
fought in the West). Started into the engage-
ment at nightfall, pursued the retreating rebels
to Edwards Station, and engaged them the next
morning ; charged upon their works at Black
river, and drove them across the river, capturing
many prisoners. Our loss was light.

On the i gth of May was at the defenses of
Vicksburg. On the 22d the regiment took a
prominent part in the assault, losing out of 300
men, 103 killed and wounded. The Colonel and
Major were wounded early in the day, leaving
Captain A. C. Matthews in command. Its line,
during the day, was close to the enemy's works,
and its colors planted on their breastworks. This
position was held by the Ninty-ninth until 4
o'clock P. M., when it was relieved by another
regiment, and moved back 150 yards, to where
its knapsacks had been left. While calling roll,
the line which had relieved the regiment was
driven back in great confusion. The Ninty-
ninth advanced, and opening a heavy fire drove
the enemy back into his works and held him there
probably saving the whole division from a
stampede.

Was engaged, during the siege, in General
Benton's Brigade — Eighth and Eighteenth In-
diana, and Thirty-third and Ninety-ninth Illi-
nois. The Ninety-ninth lost, during the entire
campaign and siege, 253 — killed, wounded and
missing.

On July 5 the Ninth, Thirteenth and Fifteenth
Corps, Major-General Sherman commanding,
moved after Johnston's Army to Jackson. Re-
turned to Vicksburg July 24. On the 2 1st of Au-
gust moved to New Orleans, and on the 26th,
went into camp at Brashear City.

October 3, 1863, the Campaign of the Tesche
was commenced. The regiment was in several
skirmishes, and a detachment of the regiment,
Capt. A. C. Matthews commanding, was engaged
in the battle of Grand Coteau. On the gth of
November, returned to Brashear City and moved
to New Orleans.

In the assault at Vicksburg May 22, the color
bearer, the gallant young hero, William Sitton,
was wounded, when the invincible Tom Higgins
grasped the stars and stripes, and carried them
irfto the breastworks, where he was captured,
and lost the stand of colors. In 1873 the colors
were sent from Richmond, Va., to Philadelphia,
Pa., thence to Springfield, 111., where they are
now. Stains of blood can yet be seen on them,
the patriot blood of the lamented Sitton.

November 16, embarked for Texas. On the
25th, landed at Mustang Island, ana, marching
up to Matagorda Island, commenced the attack
on Fort Esperanza, which was soon surrendered.
The Ninety-ninth remained in Texas during the
spring of 1864.

On the i6th of June, 1864, it evacuated the
island, and reported to General Reynolds, at Al-
giers, La. The regiment performed garrison
duty on the Mississippi during the entire sum-
mer, in First Brigade, Brigadier-General Slack;
First Division, General Dennis ; Nineteenth
Corps, General Reynolds. The Ninety-ninth
was brigaded with Twenty-first Iowa, Twenty-
ninth Wisconsin and Forty-seventh Indiana.

In November, 1864, moved to Memphis. Here
the regiment was consolidated into a Battalion of
five Companies, and Lieu.-Col. A. C. Matthews
assigned to command, Colonel Bailey, and the
other supernumerary officers, being mustered
out.

Moved to Germantown, and went on duty
guarding railroad. On December 25, three men
of the battalion were captured and murdered by
guerrillas. Moved to Memphis, December 28. On

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

January i, 1865, embarked for New Orleans, and
arrived on the gth. On February ist, embarked
for Dauphine Island, Ala. Was assigned to the
First Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Corps,
with Twenty-first Iowa, Forty-seventh Indiana
and Twenty-ninth Wisconsin — General Slack
commanding the brigade. Brigadier-General
Veatch commanding the division.

On March I7th moved to Fort Morgan, and,
on the 26th, arrived at Fish river. Took part
in the siege of Spanish Fort, until the 3Oth, when
the division was sent to General Steele's Army,
and, April i, went into position at Fort Blakely.
The Xinty-ninth assisted in its investment and
capture, and, on the I2th, entered Mobile.

In June, 1865, the division was ordered to Red
river, to receive the surrender to Kirby Smith,
and it proceeded to Shreveport, La. From this
place Colonel Matthews was detailed to proceed,
with a body-guard of the Sixth Missouri Cavalry
to the Indian Territory, and receive the surren-
der of Brigadier-Generals Cooper and Stand-
waite, and to form temporary treaties of peace
with the Indian tribes. The Colonel formed trea-
ties with ten tribes — including the Choctaws,
Cherokees, Chickasaws, and Osages — -and re-
turned (having traveled a thousand miles) on
the 3d of July.

On the i gth of July, ordered to Baton Rouge.
On the 3 ist of July, mustered out by Capt. E. S
Hawk, A. C. M.

Arrived at Springfield, 111.. August 6, 1865,
and received final payment and discharge, Au-
gust 9, 1865, and by midnight of the same day
the surviving veterans were in their own county.

The Ninety-ninth had three years of active
service and were in the States of Missouri. Ar-
kansas, Tennessee, Mississippi. Texas, Louisiana
and Alabama.

The Ninety-ninth was often honored by hav-
ing important staff positions given to its line offi-
cers. Captain, afterward Colonel Matthews, was
on staff duty with different Generals, also Lieu-
tenants Sever, Bowsman and Kinne. Captain
Massie was A. A. Q. M. and A. A. C. S., and was
A. A. A. General in the battles at Spanish Fort
and Blakely. No particular distinction is claimed
for the officers named, but this mention is due

them, and the regiment, as the position came
to them unsought, and the survivors of the old
regiment take just pride i;1 <emembering the gal-
lant and famous commanders with whom they
served, namely. Grant, Sherman, Granger, Steele,
Reynolds, Canby, Carr, McGinnis, Veatch, Slack,
Lawler, Washburn and Schenck.

Shortly after their discharge the survivors,
their wives and sweethearts, were given a grand
dinner by the citizens of Pittsfield, where three
years before over 900 men had marched out to
do and die for their country. At the banquet less
than 350 partook of the feast.

The Ninety-ninth was in the following bat-
tles and skirmishes : Beaver Creek, Mo., Harts-
ville. Mo.. Magnolia Hills, Miss., Raymond,
Miss., Champion Hills, Miss., Black River, Miss.,
Vicksburg, Miss., Jackson, Miss., Fort Espe-
ranza, Tex., Grand Coteau, La., Fish River, Ala.,
Spanish Fort, Ala., and Blakely, Ala.

No. days under fire 62

No. of miles traveled 5,900

No. of men killed in battle 38

No. of .men died of wounds and disease. ... 149

No. of -men discharged for disability 127

No. of men deserted 35

No. of officers killed in battle 3

No. of officers died 2

No. of officers resigned 26

ORDER OF CONSOLIDATION.

HEADQU.

Mouth of White River, Ark., Nov. 25, 1864.
SIT.CI.M. FIELD ORDERS, No. 26. Extract.

II. In accordance with the provisions of Gen-
eral Orders, No. 86, War Department, April 2,
1863. the Ninety-ninth Regiment Illinois Volun-
teers is hereby consolidated into a Battalion of
five Companies— A, B, C. D, and E— officers as
follows, viz. : A. C. Matthews, lieutenant-colo-
nel ; Edwin May. surgeon ; John T. Curtis, as-
sistant surgeon; William M. Evans, chaplain; J.
R. Furry, first lieutenant and adjutant; J. F.
Greathouse. first lieutenant and R. Q. M.; John
F. Richards, captain Company A ; James W.
Fee, captain Company B ; M. D. Massie, captain
Company C ; J. G. Hodgen, captain Company D;

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

73

John A. Ballard, captain Company E; W. A.
Clandy, first lieutenant Company A ; J. E. Stauf-
fer, first lieutenant Company B ; H. B. Atkinson,
first lieutenant Company C ; J. K. Smith, first
lieutenant Company D ; N. H. Kinne, first lieu-
tenant Company E ; John Bowsman, second lieu-
tenant Company A ; Joseph Dugdell, second lieu-
tenant Company B ; William L. Carter, second
lieutenant Company C; Sylvester Durall, second
lieutenant Company D; Clayton B. Hooper, sec-
ond lieutenant Company E.

The commissioned officers not designated
above will be mustered out of service.

The following named non-commissioned offi-
cers, rendered supernumerary, will also be mus-
tered out of service, viz:

First Sergeant John H. Battles, First Sergeant
John H. Coulter, First Sergeant Daniel W.
Goodwin.

By command of Maj.-Gen. J. J. REYNOLDS.

S. C. FARRINGTON,

Major and A. A. A. G.

NINETY-NINTH (CONSOLIDATED) IN-
FANTRY.

THREE YEARS' SERVICE.

Colonel, Asa C. Matthews; lieutenant-colonel,
Asa C. Matthews ; adjutant, Joseph R. Furry ;
quartermaster, James F. Greathouse ; surgeon,
Edwin May ; first assistant surgeon, John F.
Curtis; chaplain, William M. Evans; sergeant-
majors, William L. Carter, Robert B. Morris;
quartermaster sergeant, Erastus Foreman ; com-
missary-sergeant, Thompson J. Beard : hospital
steward, George T. Brooks ; principal musicians,
Fordyce A. Spring, George Barber; captain,
John F. Richards; first lieutenant, William B.
Clandy; second lieutenant, John Bowsman; first
sergeant. William G. Hubbard ; sergeants,
Thomas J. Higgins, Milton Batley, Elias Reed,
Homer V. Harris ; corporals, John M. Camp-
bell, George W. Sellers, William Edom, James
Badgley. John C. Robinson, Justin J. Newell,
John W. Woods, John M. Marlow ; privates,
5

John R. Allen, Thomas H. Blair, Darius Baker,
John S. Bentley, Andrew H. Baine, Elias Bridge-
water, William S. Barkley, John M. Brackley,
Henry C. Boggs, William H. Beckman, William
H. Cooper, Charles A- Campbell, Robert Cannon,
Thomas Cochran, Henry Call, Charles Chandler,
James Cullen, Lewis W. Chase, Thomas Collins,
Sylvester Dudley, John G. Dudley, Adam Deck-
er, George W. Despain, Harrison Daigh, Wil-
liam C. Duff, John Edom, Samuel T. Fesler, Wil-
liam Gay, Theodore W. Gates, Thomas E. Gor-
ton, John W. Garroute, Ezra Gates, Thomas
Hamilton, John A. Hall, Jr., Thomas W. Han-
kins, Reuben A. Hazen, Adam Hofsess, William
H. Henderson, Thomas J. Hodge, Andrew J.
Johnson, William H. Johnson, John Kerr, Mich-
ael Lane, John W. Lippincott, Reuben Louder,
Reed Lee, Benjamin Morrel, Matthew W. Mc-
Intyre, James Mclntrye, Charles McCartney,
Daniel McMahan, Jacob S. Phennegar, Jerome
B. Plummer, James Palmer, Stephen Powell,
Zachariah Reeder, Frank Rettig, Brice H. Rob-
inson, Cephas G. Rounds, Calvin Rice, Edmond
B. Rice, Andrew J. Smith, Henry Stevens,
Stephen Seybold, Charles Stuart, Samuel G.
Short, Columbus Thompson, James Tucker, Wil-
liam Varner, Lyman Vanhyning, Wells Van-
hyning, Wallace W. Wineger, Samuel F. Wil-
liams, William D. Waters, John White, William
P. Ware, Joseph C. Williams, William J. Young;
recruits, Augustus Beswick, Dennis Donnigan,
Lewis Dejaynes, William A. Tanksley.

COMPANY B.

Captain, James W. Fee ; first lieutenant, Jacob

E. Stauffer; second lieutenant, Joseph Dugdell;
first sergeant, Christian Haerle; sergeants,
Charles A. Hobbs, Henry Sowers, Lemuel W.
Shock, Alexander Wampler; corporals, Jasper

F. Walk, Robert Newingham, John B. Baldwin,
James W. Carr, John A. Wood. Thomas J. Al-
bert, Andrew J. Kirk, Henry C. Clemmons ; pri-
vates, Philip Augustine, Charles H. Allen,
George W. Adams, James M. Birt, William H.
Bacits, Luther Bacus, John W. Borren, William
R. Battershell. William J. Bowman, William H.
Cade, James A. Canterbery, William Callender,

74

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Nicholas B. Collins, James Callender, Henry H.
Coonrod, Henry Conover, John Davis, David M.
Dickinson, Thomas Dennis, Levi R. Ellis, Elisha
N. Ford, James Foster, William R. Foster, Isaac

A. Groce, Ethan S. Girdley, Robert Gorman,
John C. Gibbs, Israel G. Garrison, David J. Hol-
oway, Powhatten Hatcher, John R. Hoover,
Martin S. Hosford, Henry Hosford, William
Hurley, Daniel B. Higgins, Adolphus Kallasch,
Morris Kallenbach, James H. Kimball, Thomas
Kaylor, Owen T. Kaylor, Ransom Kessinger,
William P. Lee, Timothy Laughlin, Robert N.
Long, George Lipkaman, Richard Long, George
S. Metz, John J. Mayo, Thomas J. Modie, Jere-
miah Morton, John W. Newingham, Albert No-
ble, Augustine Piper, Henry W. Peters, William
P. Pease, Henry Perry, John H. Pearce, Stephen
F. Richards, Ephraim C. Statham, Julius S.
Smitherman, John M. Sheer, August Straus,
Jacob Schneider, James H. Silkwood, Lorenzo
D. Taylor, Oscar A. Tucker, Marquis D. Tucker,
James L. Thurman, Robert Tisenger, Adolphus
Thompson, Thomas J. Taber, William D. Wood,
William C. Walpole, Leonard Waggoner, Au-
gustus D. Watson, Alexander Wilson, David
Walk, Andrew J. Williams, James T. Whyte,
Jacob Zimmerman ; recruits, Augustus W. Bes-
wick, Calvin J. Cupples, John Christian, Dennis
Dunnegan, Samuel Manter, Zadock Pease,
George Restine, Lorenzo D. Scott, William H.
Tanksley, Henry Wells.

COMPANY C.

Captain, Melville D. Massie ; first lieutenant,
Henry B. Atkinson ; second lieutenant, William
L. Carter ; first sergeant, David S. Hill ; sergeants,
Abram Mullinix, Solomon E. Thomas, Cyrus Mc-
Faddin, James M. Baird; corporals, Oliver S.
Goodsell, William H. Cowden, James C. New-
port, Jonathan Halstead, John A. McFadden,
Frederick Nutting, Charles R. Turner, Michael

B. Johnston ; privates, James S. Alexander, John
B. Bowman, Samuel Bollman, William H. Betts,
Benjamin E. Baker, Christian M. Butz, William
Crawford, Ballard T. Collins, James M. Collins,
John Caves, Samuel Curry, John T. Dickey, Rob-
ert Dickson, Thomas Dobson, Don F. Drake, Wil-

liam J. Ezell, Lavosier Farnsworth, Joseph Gud-
gel, Herman Green, Dudley Gates, John S. Gillis,
George H. Hazelrigg, Thomas J. Hendrickson,
Solomon Hendrickson, Andrew House, Horace
Haskins, William Hawk, John Higgins, John W.
F. Hudson, John Hardesty, David D. Hull, Alex-
ander M. Irving, Oscar F. Johns, John J. John-
ston, Noah W. Kelso, William C. Lovett, Asa C.
Lovett, Edward Lowe, James Montieth, Peter Mc-
Graw, Byron McGonigle, William Marshall, Wil-
liam McCurdy, George W. Mayer, William Max-
well, David Morris, James B. Orr, Martin
O'Grady, James S. Oliver, Martin M. Pennick,
James Posten, Henry Procter, Andrew J. Smart,
Edson Saxbery, Moses L. Stanly, William Straw-
mat, John Sharp, Henry Saxer, Adam Shaffnit,
William W. Smith, John C. Smith, Samuel C.
Smith, Eliud Sells, John Stambaugh, Bartlett
Toombs, Francis A. Thomas, William Walker,
John W. Willes, Bradford Wilson, Jeptha A.
Wiles, George Whitner, Jr., Charles H. Wedding,
Charles Witte ; recruits, Elijah M. Butler, Calvin
J. Cupples, Aaron Cohen, Henry Hosford, Wil-
liam Riddle.

COMPANY D.

Captain, Isaac G. Hodgen; first lieutenant,
James K. Smith ; second lieutenant, Sylvester Du-
rall; first sergeant, Peter S. Veghte; sergeants,
Walter D. Kent, Charles H. Shaw, Henry L. An-
derson, Christy Ryan ; corporals, William F. Ma-
thews, John Hack, William H. Fortune, John T.
Beard, Isaac Hildreth, Andrew J. Connor, Ro-
land Anson, Orin S. C. Rogers; privates, Sebas-
tian B. Abrams, George Anson, John Angel, George
L. Bagby, George W. Baird, John N. Byrd, George
T. Black, Kingsbury Covery, James Covey, David
E. Cannon, Aaron Chamberlin, William Cox, Joel
Cox, Jackson Colvin, George W. Colvin, Wil-
liam C. Dickson, Benjamin F. Davis, David T.
Dinsmore, Willis Daniels, Martin V. Daniels,
•Ephraim S. Farthing, John J. Foreman, Thomas
Gaffney, Matthew Gaffney, William B. Hand,
Willis 'Hand, Henry W. Hendrix, Henry Hos-
kins, Samuel Holloway, Elias Hammerton, Oliver
Heavener, John H. Heavener, Adanj C. Hill, Rus-
sell R. Johnson, William R. Johnson, Jaret N.
Long, Moses Lindsey, Charles E. Main, Robert

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

75

B. Morris, Oliver Martin, Daniel Mills, John W.
Murphy, Franklin A. Moran, Peter McKinna,
Athamore Mitchell, Cornelius Mitchell, Samuel
W. Miller, Nicholas Main, Lewis C. Paine, John
J. Perry, James Rush, Peter R. Rogers, James P.
Rogers, Anderson Rutledge, Isaac C. Roach, Sam-
uel Rutledge, Edgar F. Stanton, Simon W. Scott,
John W. Smith, David D. String, John W. Spar-
row, Henry L. Shaw, James Stewart, Jr., James
Stewart, Sr., Matthew Stewart, John Swader,
Henry Smith, Christopher Turner, Alonzo Tozer,
William Tedron, Wallace Weethee, William H.
Wroughton, Milton C. Williamson, Samuel A.
Willard, Lewis Walker, George Wilson.

COMPANY E.

Captain, John A. Ballard ; first lieutenant, W.
Henry Kinne ; second lieutenant, Clayton B.
Hooper; first sergeant, John C. Ellis; sergeants,
James L. Hubert, William A. Townsend, William
P. Kirtright, Moses Mitchell ; corporals, Samuel
D. Livingston, Robert Brown, Thomas Potter,
James Harvey Barnes, William C. Wisdom,
Charles H. Forrest, Robert Cunningham, Charles
W. Stewart; wagoner, Xurry M. Ingalsbe ; pri-
vates, John A. Askew, John A. Allen, Buel R.
Adams, Richard Austin, William T. Armstrong,
Henry H. Andrews, Jacob Bunce, Joseph D.
Brooks, Henry Bissell, Perry Brazier, William J.
Bailey, John Badgley, George Billings, Lorenzo
D. Burdick, Abel R. Burdick, William H. Brown,
Benjamin Bruno, Daniel Barnes,. John F. Barnes,
John W. Burkhead, Robert L. Bowman, Levi
Barnett, Stephen T. Conkright, James H. Clark-
son, George W. Condet, Daniel Case, Isaac S.
Dumford, Henry Dillon, Charles L. Eastman,
William W. Ellis, Thomas B. Ellis, Barney Fey,
Benjamin Grey, John Guthrie, William R.
Hooper, Henry Hillman, Almond C. Hadsell, Na-
than A. HadseTl, John B. Hartshorn, Nathan
Hunter, Charles L. Hammell, John Irwin, Wil-
liam Ingraham, Reuben Jones, Thomas J. Jones,
George W. Kendle, Henry Lozier, Stewart Lan-
num, William Lotzennhizer, George McCauley,
John McCauley, Edward McLaughlin, John Ma-
gary, James Miller, John Nash, William O'Brien,
Thomas P. Ogden, Robert Paull, John T. Petty,

George W. Pine, Marion Pruett, Jonathan Smith,
Solomon Spann, Andrew H. Smithers, John W.
Shinkle, Theophilus Snyder, George W. Sackett,
Perry Smith, Thomas Starks, Abram Saylor, John
Saylor, Cyrus C. Shaffner, James Toland, Thomas
Toland, Francis M. Tucker, William Vanpelt,
Jr., John W. Wright, Rial A. Walker; recruits
Edward W. Briscoe, Albert Cousins, Jasper Fos-
ter, George Louzadder, Lee B. Thompson ; unas-
signed recruits, Isaac Esque, Samuel Lane.

Here is an interesting letter, written by Cap-
tain now Colonel A. C. Matthews, May 24, 1863,
to his wife after the desperate assault at Vicks-
'burg led by the Ninety-ninth Regiment, or the
Pike County Regiment May 22, 1863.
"My Dear Wife,

"It is with pleasure I again take my pen in
hand to write you a few lines. I shall not at-
tempt at this time to give you any of the details
of the five battles I have had the good luck to
pass through, but want to write to let you know
that I have been spared and have come through,
unscathed and unscratched, and am, aside from
being somewhat- worn out, by marching and
fatigue, well and in good spirits. On the 22d of
this month our whole force made an assault
upon the fortifications of Vicksburg, and accord-
ing to my notion we were repulsed along the en-
tire line; that is, not being able to make an en-
trance or permanent lodgment in the enemy's
works. The fighting was of the most desperate
character, and is is but little, if any, exaggeration
to say that in places, end especially so on the
ground where we contended, our dead and
wounded almost covered the ground. We be-
lieve we had the hardest point in the whole line,
but of this I am not sure. By that I mean our
division, brigade and regiment.

"In the morning of the day of the assault we
were in line in a little ravine back of what is
known as the "Burnt Chimneys" on the Bald-
win's Ferry Road, and at 10 o'clock we moved
forward by the flank in fours, up the ravine to
the attack. We did not have far to go, and as
soon as we struck the Baldwin's Ferry Road
which ran by the fort, we were fired upon with
terrific force and rapidity. We were to move
against the fort and make our fight there, but our

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Regiment, which was in the lead of the brigade
and of the division, and in the lead of everything,
made the mistake of, after the first volley, pass-
ing the fort with the left of the Regiment, leav-
ing the right at the fort, to make the contest
alone, until the reserves should arrive. Our loss
during the day was 102 men in killed and
wounded. We were right up against the enemy's
works, and the left of the Regiment that moved
forward as if to pass the fortifications and as-
sault the rifle pits,' exposed itself to a galling fire
of the enemy at a distance of not over thirty
yards. This added very considerably to our cas-
ualty list.

"The most of our men were killed in the first
dash ; not less than ten minutes, I should say ;
but there were men being wounded all day, and
in retiring from the field at sunset I had two men
wounded. Colonel Bailey and Major Crandall
vvere among the wounded in the early part of
the engagement, and then for the remainder of
the day I commanded the Regiment, and have
just been relieved late this afternoon of the com-
mand by Colonel Park. Colonel Park was not in
the assault.

"We went on the battle-field at 10 o'clock and
were relieved by Sanborn's brigade, McPherson's
Corps, fresh troops about sundown. They did not
remain on the field but a short time; they came
down the hill in a great hurry and came near
creating a panic in camp, but I prevented it by
having the remainder of our Regiment, less than
one hundred strong, get into line and move out
on picket where we stayed all night.

"The killed in my Company were John Lam-
bert, Charles Long and James Teasdale. The
wounded were, as they have been reported to me
at this time, William Sitton. color bearer, who
handed the colors to Major Crandall when
wounded, who was also wounded; J. K. Sittnn.
Thompson Beard, William O'Brien, Jonathan
Smith, Moses Mitchell, Rial Walker and Joel
Scurvin. 1'uel Adams was wounded in the battle
at Magnolia Hills. In my next letter I will give
you the killed and wounded of the entire Regi-
ment, if I can ascertain their names, but at this
time the wounded are not all in off the field, ami
it is impossible to state who they all are, and it is

impossible to give the names of all of them, or
how badly they were wounded. They have now
been on the field two days and two nights. I don't
care to tell you how bad things look, and how ter-
rible the field is, but we feel sure in the end we
will take the city ; it may require a long siege,
and it may take all summer, but if it does in the
end I feel sure we will be victorious. After this
campaign and siege is over I expect to come home
for a day or two, and see you and the children,
but whether I can or not will be doubtful.

"A flag of truce has just been sent in, and the
dead will doubtless be buried this afternoon.

"Hoping that our lives may be spared to meet
again, I am,

"Your affectionate husband,

"A. C. Matthews."

Here follows a letter from Capt. M. D. Mas-
sie to the Old Flag at Pittsfield in April, 1865.

From the Ninety-ninth Illinois now operating
before Mobile, Alabama, First Brigade, First
Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. Mr. Editor : —
While we were slowly but surely bringing Ala-
bama back to her first love, I will give you a few
notes under the shells and bullets from the army
now operating here under General Canby, as-
sisted by Generals Granger, A. J. Smith. Veritch,
Benton, Slack, Dennis and other able command-
ers, with assistance from smaller shoulder
straps and an amply sufficient number of the boys
in blue. This grand army began its march on
the 1 7th of last month and after building abort
twenty miles of corduroy road through the
swr.mps of Mobile Point we arrived at Fish
River, where we separated in three grand col-
umns and after two days' march we met the
enemy on the morning of the 26th. After a run-
ning' skirmish fight we soon drove them into their
works, night coming on settled the day's action
which resulted in our brigade (General Stack's),
driving them from their position with a loss of
one. man killed and two wounded of the Twenty-
first Iowa. On the morning of the twenty-sixth
the rebels made a dash with cavalry on our ad-
vance skirmish line and turned it's left flank,
killing one and wounding seven of the Forty-
seventh Indiana. Our brigade is composed of the
Forty-seventh Indiana. Twenty-ninth Wiscon-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

77

sin, Ninety-ninth Illinois and Twenty-first Iowa.
The brigade advanced in line of battle and gained
a close position to the enemy's stronghold, which
is called Spanish Fort. The other brigades" of
the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Army Corps closed
in and the action became general, then the can-
nons belched forth their shot and shell, the min-
nies went whistling over our heads and again
the scenes of Vicksburg and other battle-fields
were re-enacted. During the day a heavy rain
fell but we kept our powder dry and our batteries
and sharpshooters played upon our enemy's works
and line until night. Then there was a lull in
the battle and in a few minutes the opposing
armies were wrapped in the sweet forgetfulness
of sleep. Our Regiment lost but one man, Cor-
poral Robinson of Company A. Our brigade
lost only ten killed and wounded. The morning
of the twenty-eighth opened very lazily and dur-
ing the day there was little done. At night the
enemy charged upon our left but were driven
back with heavy loss. We did not lose a man.
On the thirtieth the enemy opened with shell.
They have the best artillery and their shells are
well timed and they explode just where 'they want
them. One shell exploded in the Twenty-ninth
Illinois, killing four and wounding nine, another
exploded over our Regiment, killing Reuben
Jones of Company E. They rely more upon their
artillery and torpedoes than they do in a fair
stand up battle. They have their harbors and
channels filled with infernal machines and their
main roads with torpedoes, so whenever a wagon
runs over them or a horse or man steps on them
there is an immediate explosion often tearing men
and horses to pieces. The navy is fast clearing
out the channel and whenever we take prisoners
the commanding general has them dig the torpe-
does out of the road. In the afternoon of the
3oth our division moved out of its works and
went to the rear to guard a supply train to Gen-
eral Steele who had left Pensacola, Florida, about
the same time that our corps had left Fort Gaines,
Alabama, and was out of rations and forage. We
opened communications with General Steele on
the 2d of April and then moved to this place,
where we are waiting orders. The rebels hold
Blakely with about 5,000 men and are reinforcing.

Our lines are well formed and I presume we
will do nothing more than to hold them here
until Spanish Fort is reduced. Last night our
fleet and land mortars gave the fort the heaviest
bombardment it ever had. It was kept up for two
hours. It has been very quiet down there to-day,
some think they are evacuating. They admit a loss
up to the present time of thirty-three killed and
two hundred and forty-nine wounded. I saw Mo-
bile Tribune of the 3Oth. I should judge from its
tone that the Mobile citizens did not take a very
large stock in the present strife. The paper says
a great many Yankee sympathizers in Mobile,
deserters and refugees say that the people are very
tired of rebel rule and will hail with joy the day
when Federal authority is again asserted over
Alabama.

Spanish Fort and Blakely are both on the east
side of Mobile bay and are the principal outer
defenses of the city and southern Alabama, and
with the forces now operating against them they
will soon have to yield and we will have an easy
passage into the interior of the state, and from all
we can learn, the people of Alabama have but lit-
tle hope of their sinking craft, C. S. A., and when
the old banner of our country floats over Mobile
the state will soon fall into line and shake off the
curse of secession and rebellion. Boom! boom!
our mortars are opening on Spanish Fort and
away goes all speculation about surrender. The
rebs have concluded to hold out a little longer
and General Canby has put about forty mortars
and siege guns in a commanding position so
that they can not complain of cold treatment. They
gave us a warm reception and now our batteries
are returning the compliment with compound
interest. The naval fleet has been prevented from
taking a very active part thus far, in consequence
of the many obstructions in the bay but they are
rapidly clearing up the channel and just as soon
as they run by the fort the rebel communication
is cut and all is lost for them as we will have full
control of the bay and all the most prominent ap-
proaches to Mobile and the Alabama river. The
officers and men of the Ninety-ninth are in good
health and excellent spirits.

Yours truly,

M. D. Massie.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SEVENTH ILLINOIS
INFANTRY, COMPANY H.

Captain, Levi Barber; second lieutenant, Wil-
liam H. Hubbard ; first sergeant, Anthony B. Mc-
Charles C. Clark, William Hall; privates, Wil-
liam M. Anson, Henry Brandon, George W. Car-
rel, Francis M. Cooper, John Davidson, Benjamin
F. Dean, George S. Edwards, Samuel Genish, Ste-
phen Henderson, Lucius Howland, James L. Ir-
win, Francis L. Jones, Joseph Kesterson, Samuel
Kelly, William C. Lynch, Joseph J. Lusk, Philip
Main, Nathan B. Moore, William McGuire,
James K. McGuire, Robert Morgan, James Nich-
olsen, John H. Platt, Allen C. Peebles, Edgar A.
Peckenpaugh, David M. Doughty, Michael F.
Dixon, Isaac K. Emery, Franklin Files, George
Finley, John Hubbard, Charles C. Hoover, Wil-
liam Horn, Samuel Hess, James Irwin, John H.
Kirkham, James M. Liles, Daniel Looper, Robert
N. McConnell, John Modie, John Martin, James
Metts, George Miller, William Newman, Joshua
R. Otwell, Obed Otwell, John Peacock, William
Riddle, Clinton Randall, Isaac F. Selders, Wil-
liam Stewart, Melen Taylor, Lewis R. Tolbert,
Nathan A. Tucker, Gardner Woodard, Alexan-
der Webb ; recruits, Isaac N. P. Brown, James H.
Chesney, John H. Kirkham, Archibald Morey,
Lewis Stilwell, William Richardson, Simon Rian,
William B. Richards, Henry J. Rapp, John Scott,
Robert Stewart, James H. Sapp, William A.
Shriver, Jonathan Simeve, Willis P. Stotts, Henry
Shaffner, Henry T. Scanland, Mathias Shellcop,
Delos D. Walker, Charles Watson, John Whit-
field, Norman A. Wing, James Waters, David
Walker, Robert S. Wills ; recruit, John H. Platt.

PIKE COUNTY SOLDIERS WHO EN-
LISTED IN OTHER STATES.

FIRST MISSOURI.

A. K. Baucom, John Morrow, O. P. Johnson,
Taylor Uppinghouse.

COMPANY C, THIRD MISSOURI CAVALRY.

A. C. Shearer, William Good, Ross Wakeman,
Emmett Wakeman, Samuel Weir.

COMPANY B, THIRD MISSOURI CAVALRY.

Captains, George W. Carey, Herman M. Roosa ;
Harvey Weaver, Thomas Aiton, Henry Williams,
George W. Pryor, Silas Wadsworth, Jonathan
W. Conklin, Lewis Perry, David Hunter, Thomas
Kilebrew, Charles McCaffrey, Elliot Baker, John
H. McClintock, Henry Wadsworth, William H.
Capps, Alexander Toole, John Andrews, William
Baker, James Brewer, William Butler, William R.
Capps, James B. Clampitt, Jones Covey, Ephraim
Cram, Michael Doyle, Jacob Felch, William
Grotts, James M. Guthrie, Isaac S. Hobbs, Simon
Johnson, Richard A. Myers, Andrew McMullen,
William W. McMullen, William Rupert, Lucas
Richardson, Richard Roan, Lindsy T. Sapp, Wil-
liam Shofner, John T. Starr, Thomas Waggoner,
Sweeney Winder, Matthew Sapp, Henry Pollard,
Losson Lovett, William Grover, Jasper Dorsett,
Elias Flower, George Ames, Lafayette Beardsley,
Charles H. Betts, William S. Brunson, John L.
Brunson, Samuel Camp, Josiah Cowdrey, Thomas
J. Davis, William Daily, John W. Foster, Thomas
Howard, Jacob Myers, Thomas P. Pryor, Milo
Ripley, William R. Whittaker, Andrew Wag-
goner, John W. Buckingham, Leonard Covey,
Moses H. Hemingway, John Kinchelow, Joseph
McCarmach, Samuel J. Waggoner, John W.
Betts, Isaac Cheedle, David M. Campbell, Daniel
Garman, John M. Meyers, F. W. Mills, Thomp-
son Pruitt, William T. Parker, James H. Rupert,
Joseph H. Sanders, Lawrence Tedrow, William
Bramble, Joseph Dingman, James Dew, David
Morris, Thomas W. Penn, James P. Williams.

In all the wars of England, during the thou-
sand years of her history, there were not so many
lives lost, nor so much money spent, as in the
American Civil war.

SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR.

FIFTH ILLINOIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, COM-
PANY A.

Captains, William C. Ware, George Barber;
first lieutenant, George Barber; second lieuten-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

79

ant, V. C. Peckenpaugh ; first sergeant, D. Ern-
est Moreland; quartermaster sergeant, Tracey T.
Tompkins; sergeants, William W. Ahl, James
F. Petty, George Beard, Burr H. Swan; corpo-
rals, Guss Anson, Harry A. Abbott, Loren E.
Waters, James L. Adams, Hicks Dow, William
Worthington, Frank Stanton, Oliver R. Barrett,
Lee Stobie, William St. John, Chauncey H. Bo-
dine ; musicians, Roland Fry, George Waters ;
wagoner, William F. Wyatt ; artificer, Fred
Petty; privates, William Allen, Edward Allen,
Lawrence Bagby, Newton Bennett, William
Bergman, Archie Brown, Louis Bringman, E. J.
Downing, William Dutton, Samuel Elledge, Wil-
liam B. Gratton, Lawrence Harvey, Newton
Harris. Albert Heck, Thomas C. Huestead, Her-
man Jones, Charles Johnson, Thomas E. John-
son, Fred Johnson, Ellis Kindred, Louis Lou-
woert, John M. Lovett, Loren Main, Charles Mc-
Glasson, Joseph Milby, Leon P. Monta, Bert
Niccurn, James Niccum, Charles Paine, George
Paine, Marshall Parker, Carl E. Rogers, Thom-
as D. Shehan, George Shinn, Lewis M. Smith,
Guy Stanton, Fred J. Stobie, Eugene Thompson,
Roy Vertrees, Russell Wells, J. E. Wyle ; trans-
ferred from Company D, Charles Boyd, David
D. Edwards, William B. Harris, Frank Hurst,
Lewis G. Kindred, Jesse G. Morrison,' John H.
McKinney, Charles Sweeden, Cool Stanton,
George Smith ; transferred from Company K,
Henry Caplinger, Edward Foreman. Robert L.
Gratton, Everett Miller, William Paine, John
Shanahan, Morris Seaman; recruits, William S.
I'owden, Leon Chamberlain, Lawrence Cawthon,
Arthur E. Daman, Charles C. Dunn, Rollo
Grimes, William A. Grimshaw, Joseph C. Hamil-
ton, William H. Harris, Oliver Jones, Charley
Kastner, Ernest C. Lightle, William L. Lawson,
Tuhvin (). McKinney, Hugo May, Cecil Manker,
F. C. Peebles, H. Douglas Parke, Zack N. Pul-
liam, John Quinlan, Clyde Rush, Henry J. Ree-
den, A. Fred Williams.

TOWNSHIP HISTORY OF PIKE COUNTY.

In 1824 there were only three townships,
namely : Coles Grove, Atlas and Franklin, while

in 1906 the county has sixteen full congressional
and eight fractional townships.

In 1847 a State election was held for members
of the Constitutional Convention, which Conven-
tion prepared and submitted to the people a new
Constitution, which was adopted by a large ma-
jority. By this Constitution, in place of the Com-
missioners' Court a County Court was organized
in each county. This court consisted of a county
judge, and, if the Legislature saw proper to so
order it, two associate justices. This the Legis-
lature favorably acted upon. The last meeting of
the County Commissioners' Court was held No-
vember, 1849. After the transaction of such busi-
ness as properly came before them, they adjourned
until court in course, but never re-assembled.

On the first Monday of December of the same
year the first regular term of the County Court
was held. The duties of the court in a legislative
capacity were precisely the same as those of the
County Commissioners' Court. In addition to
the legislative power the members of this court
were permitted to exercise judicial authority, hav-
ing all the rights and privileges of justices of the
peace, together with all probate business. This
court consisted of a county judge and two asso-
ciate justices. The judge and associate justices
acted together for the transaction of all county
business, but none other. The justices had an
equal vote with the judge, and received the same
salary while holding court, which was $2 per day.
Two of the three constituted a quorum. '

The county judge who served under this re-
gime was James Ward. The associate justices
were Joshua Woosley and William P. Harpole.

The Constitution of 1847 provided for town-
ship organization in those counties desiring it.
(Hons. William R. Archer and William A. Grim-
shaw, both of this county, were members of the
convention framing this constitution.) The ques-
tion of organizing according to this provision soon
began, of course, to agitate the people of Pike
county, and the controversy grew bitter, — the
bitterest indeed that this more than usually peace-
ful community ever indulged in. Immigrants
from the East were familiar. with the workings of
township legislation and management, and de-
sired to perpetuate their home institution in the

8o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

West ; but the other citizens of the county were
afraid that the introduction of the measure would
necessitate an increase of office holders, useless
expenses and many unforeseen vexations. The
judges in office were all opposed to the innovation,
— so much so indeed that they continued to hold
court even after the great victory of the innova-
tors in carrying the county by 1,563 votes against
317, and the election of new members. For a
short time the county had two legislatures at
once. The vote was taken at the general election
of November 6, 1849, at which election Peter V.
Shankland was elected county clerk on this hotly
contested issue, and Stephen R. Gray sheriff.
Both these gentlemen were Democrats, in favor
of township organization. Indeed, as a matter of
curiosity, but of no political significance, we may
state that the fight on both sides was nearly all
done by the Democrats, the Whigs taking but
little part.

An election was held in November, 1849, to
vote "for" or "against" township organization,
which resulted in favor of the measure. This was
met with bitter opposition, however, and an appeal
was taken to the Circuit Court by Samuel L.
Crane. The law was decided to be constitutional,
and the election a fair one.

The Board of Supervisors of Pike county first
assembled April 8, 1850, this being one of the first
counties in the State to organize under the town-
ship mode.

There were present at this meeting the follow-
ing members : Montgomery Blair, Barry ; Hazen
Pressy, Washington; Archibald Brooks, Cham-
bersburg; David Preble, Salem; Wilson Adams,
Hardin ; William Ross, Newburg ; Thomas Hull,
Kinderhook; A. W. Bemis, Martinsburg; R. C.
Robertson, Milton ; James M. Seeley, Atlas, and
John McTucker, Hadley. Supervisor Blair was
elected temporary chairman and Colonel Ross
chosen chairman. The board then adjourned
to re-assemble April 23, 1850. There were
present at this second meeting the following
gentlemen: William Ross; Archibald Brooks;
Darius Dexter, Perry ; Amos Hill, Griggsville ;
David Preble; John McTucker; Montgomery
Blair; Jesse Seniff, Detroit; Thomas Hull; A. W.
Bemis ; J. M. Seeley ; J. T. Hyde, Pittsfield ; R. C.

Robertson ; Wilson Adams ; Hazen Pressy ; and
James Talbot, Pleasant Vale.

Chambersburg, Flint, Detroit, Montezuma,
Pearl, Levee, Cincinnati and Ross are fractional
townships, while Atlas has eighteen full sections
and seven fractional sections on her western
border.

CHAMBERSBURG. This township lies in the
extreme northeastern part of the county. The
first pioneers who came to this township were
James Wells, Samuel Atchison, a Mr. Brewster
and a Mr. Van Woy. They came in 1822. The
first sermon preached in the township was in
1827. The town was laid out May 7, 1833, by
Sebourn Gilmore. It is situated under a high
bluff on the edge of the Illinois river bottom and
is surrounded by some good farming country.
The town is a small one but filled with good and
enterprising citizens.

FLINT. This is the smallest township in the
county and was the first one settled, in 1817. A
Frenchman by the name of Teboe was the first
settler. Garrett Van Deusen was the next set-
tler. He established a ferry at what is known as
Phillipsburg, now Griggsville Landing or Valley
City. Flint has a fine magnesia spring in the.
southeastern portion of the township. Valley
City is the only town in the township and is on
the Wabash Railroad.

DETROIT. Detroit township was settled by
Lewis Allen in 1823. The pioneers had many en-
counters with wild animals during the early settle-
ment. Detroit has two towns, Florence being the
oldest and laid out in 1836 by the Florence Com-
pany, composed principally of Pittsfield business
men, among whom were Austin Barber, William
Ross, Robert R. Green and Thomas Worthing-
ton. In the old Illinois Gazeteer, Florence was
known by the name of Augusta. Florence has
the honor of being the place where nearly one
thousand men of Pike county's bravest and best
were mustered into the United States service in
1862 and afterward known as the Ninety-ninth
or Pike County Regiment of Volunteers. Detroit
village was founded in 1837 by Peter H. Lucas,
and is surrounded by beautiful farming country
and its people are among Pike county's best.

MONTEZUMA. The first settlers of Montezuma

FIRST JAIL AT PITTSFIELD

^

FAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

township were Ebenezer Franklin, who came in
1819; Charles Adams, James Daniels, David Dan-
iels, David and Daniel Hoover, Joel Meacham,
Thomas Davis, who came in 1826. Like all set-
tlers of new countries they suffered many hard-
ships and inconveniences. The nearest mill for
the first few years was at Edwardsville, Madison
county, eighty miles away. At that time there
were about 200 Indians in the neighborhood. A
Dr. Houston was the first physician. Polly Davis
was the first school teacher. In addition to the
care of the neighbors' children she had eight of
her own. The first marriage was that of Joseph
Gale and Elizabeth Garrison in 1830. There
are three villages in this township, Milton, Mon-
tezuma and Bedford. The townsTtfp .is a' most
excellent agricultural one and has some (ft 'the*
best and most enterprising farmers.

PEARL. Pearl's first settlers came in 1824 or
1825 and were A. Perkins, J. R. Ottwell, William
Pruett and John Ottwell. The first marriage was
William Ottwell and Rachel Collins and they were
united by Rev. Mr. Osborne, a Baptist minister,
who preached the first sermon in the township in
1829. Pearl has the villages of Pearl, Bee
Creek Village, Bee Creek Mills, Pearl Station
and Chow Row. Near old Pearl is one of the
finest springs in Illniois. In the old times an old-
fashioned undershot watermill was run by the
immense volume of water flowing from the
spring. What is known as the new town of
Pearl is situated on the Chicago & Alton Railroad
and is a place of considerable business.

PERRY. Perry is one of the first class town-
ships situated in the northeast part of the county.
The first settlers came in about 1829 and were
Joseph Cavander, John Hume, Abel Shelley, John
Matthews, Mr. Lovelady and John Gillaspie. The
first school taught in the township was in 1830
by John Cavander. The town of Perry, number-
ing about 700, was laid out by Joseph S. King
in 1836 and first christened Booneville in. honor
of Daniel Boone. The name was afterward
changed to Perry in honor of Commodore Perry,
the hero of Lake Erie, who said "We have met
the enemy and they are ours." Perry has a bank
and a newspaper and while an inland town with
no railroads is an enterprising, energetic and pro-

gressive town. This township also has the fa-
mous Perry Springs, which are called magnesia,
iron and sulphur springs, but of late years seem
to have lost their prestige as a heiltli resort.

GRIGGSVILLE. Griggsville is one of the most
important and wealthy townships in the county.
It has the distinctive honor of being the only
town of that name in the United States. The
township was settled as early as 1825 by Henry
Bateman. The first birth in the township was a
son of Mr. Bateman and the first to die was
Mr. Bateman's wife. The city of Griggsville
was laid out in 1833 by Joshua Stanford and
Richard Griggs and was named Griggsville by
Mr. Jones in honor of Mr. Griggs. In 1838 there
was what was known as an abolition melee in
..Griggsville caused over a democratic and whig
ele'ction for constable. They had a red hot and
bitter contest which resulted in the election of
B. S. Coffey. The democrats were very hostile
over the election and a democrat assaulted Cof-
fey, which caused a general row with no one se-
riously hurt. A few weeks later a gentleman
visited at Griggsville holding anti-slavery meet-
ings and asking people to petition congress to
abolish slavery in the District of Columbia. Quite
a number signed his petition. The objectors
met in a saloon and passed resolutions that the
parties who had signed the petition should be
compelled to erase their signatures from it. The
mob element took the papers away from the man
and returned with them, called upon the signers
and demanded that they immediately erase their
names under the penalty of violence should they
refuse. Some complied, others did not. They
then notified the obstinate ones that they must
erase their names. The good people of the town
met in a hotel and organized for resistance. The
mob came with a rope and threw it around the
body of N. W. Jones and attempted to drag
him out and hang him, but he escaped from them
am! the s;ood citizens soon showed what metal
tlicv were made of and the mob soon found it the
best policy to desist from their murderous
intention. Griggsville has two banks and two
newspapers and all kinds of business is fully rep-
resented in the town. The early settlers knew
what privations were. In 1834 tea, coffee or

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

sugar could not be bought. They had maple
sugar and corn or rye coffee and sassafras tea.
Griggsville has a very successful fair and is now
the only fair held in the county. They have per-
haps the most commodious fair grounds of any
county in the state and being in the racing circuit,
the lovers of equine speed have great enjoyment
in witnessing the trials on the track.

NEWBURG. The first settler in Newburg was
Daniel Husong in 1833. Newburg is so closely
identified with Pittsfield that it has no town of
its own but is noted as a most excellent agricul-
tural township.

HARDIN. The first settlers in Hardin were
Benjamin Barney, Nathaniel Bagby, Solomon
Main, Jacob Henry, Joseph Halford, Jesse Mason
and Aaron Thornton. The first couple married
was Nathaniel Thornton and Lucinda Bagby,
the ceremony being performed by Rev. Lewis
Allen. The first school was taught by Jesse Gar-
rison in 1833. Time, a very pleasant little- village,
is located in this township. Its population now
is about one hundred and fifty, and being an in-
land town, its future is not very bright. It has
many good citizens and is an excellent farming
community.

SPRING CREEK. Spring Creek is one of the
southern tier of townships bounded on {he south
by Calhoun county. It was settled in 1832 by
Silas Wilson. The surface is very broken and is
not a very good agricultural township. Nebo
is its principal town and has about six hundred
people. It has a bank and a newspaper and is
located on the Chicago & Alton Railroad and is
known as a good business town.

FAIRMOUNT. Fairmount is one of the finest
townships on the north side of the county. Its
first settlement was about 1831. The township
is an excellent one for farm and stock operations
and her citizens are among the best of the county.
In 1840 Henry Benson taught the first school on
section 16, in a log school house. In the time of
the Civil war Fairmount's patriotic blood was
aroused and she sent her quota of her gallant boys
in blue to do or die for home and country.

NEW SALEM. The first pioneer who ventured
to locate in this township was Mr. Joab Shinn,
who came in 1830. In 1831 came Isaac Conklin

and his two sons, William Scholl and Nathan
Swigert. The first school house built in New
Salem was in 1834. New Salem has two enter-
prising towns, Baylis and New Salem. New
Salem was laid out in 1847 and Baylis in 1869.
Baylis has a bank and a newspaper. Both towns
have enterprising business men and have the
benefits of the Wabash Railroad. A noted resi-
dent of New Salem township from 1833 until his
death a few years ago, was Capt. Henry Browne,
who was born in Ireland, highly educated and
aristocratic, a quiet and useful man, always held
his allegiance to Great Britian. He was a skilled
physician, and was a true friend to the poor; and
was never known to take a cent for services or
medicines. He was noted for his high sense of
honor, and marked respect for the rights of
others.

PITTSFIELD. Pittsfield is near the center of the
county and is the county capital. The pio-
neer who first located here was Joel
Moore, next came Ephraim Cannon and
Moses Riggs. The county seat was located at
Pittsfield by Commissioners George W. Hin-
man, Hawkins Judd and Benjamin Barney. The
first sale of lots took place May 15, 1833. The
town was recorded May 14, 1833. The first court
house was built in 1833, and the second one in
1838, and the present structure in 1894-5, is a
handsome temple of justice and perhaps in its
appointments and finish will compare favorably
with any in the State. The town has three news-
papers, two banks and the largest flouring mill
in the western part of the state; has eight
churches and two large school buildings. Among
the famous people who began their careers in
Pittsfield were Milton Hay ; John Hay, who in his
lifetime was recognized as one of America's
greatest diplomats; John G. Nickolay, private
secretary to President Lincoln. Pittsfield's citi-
zens that are sojourning on the Pacific coast and
in the West are very numerous, and most of
them are making fame and fortunes for them-
selves. Pittsfield has several good hotels and a
very commodious opera house. In secret socie-
ties, she has the Masons, blue lodge, chapter and
commandery ; Odd Fellows ; Knights of Pythias ;
Woodmen ; Mutual Protective League ; Pike

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

County Mutual ; Grand Army of the Republic,
and numerous others.

MARTINSBURG. This township is situated in
the second tier above the Calhoun county line,
and its southwest corner is within five miles of
the Mississippi river. Fisher Petty was the first
settler and came in 1825. It has two villages,
Martinsburg and New Hartford ; both towns are
occupied by good quiet citizens, and for little vil-
lages do their share of the business. Neither
have railroad facilities, which rather militates
against their business.

PLEASANT HILL. This township was first set-
tled in 1821 by Belus and Egbert Jones. Pleas-
ant Hill's southern boundary touches Calhoun
county. It has the Chicago & Alton Railroad, a
bank and a newspaper. It has a number of pro-
gressive business men and a population of about
450. The town of Pleasant Hill was laid out in
1836, and was incorporated in 1869. Pleasant
Hill had the first license from" the county com-
missioners court in 1821 to keep a tavern and sell
liquor. The first sermon was preached by Rev.
Stephen Ruddle in 1826, who had been a pris-
oner held by the Indians for sixteen years. The
man's ability and knowledge was such that al-
most every person in the entire township turned
out to hear him preach. The first schoolhouse
was erected in 1832.

HADLEY. Hadley is a fine township of land,
perhaps one of the best in the military tract. The
first settler in this township was a black, man, who
was known as Free Frank, and who came from
Kentucky in 1829. The Legislature gave him a
name, and he was afterward known as Frank
McWorter. The first white settler to locate in
this township was Joshua Woosley, who was af-
terward sheriff of the county. Mr. Woolsey
used the first grain cradle superseding the old-
fashioned sickle ; and it was such a curiosity that
the settlers came from far and near to see it. He
charged a bushel of wheat per acre for cutting
with it, which was a very small price, being only
about thirty-seven and a half cents.

DERRY. Derry is a splendid farming town-
ship. It was first settled by David W. Howard
in 1826. Derry has one town, founded in 1836
by Nathaniel Winters and named Washington.

In 1850, when township organization took effect,
it was found there was another Washington in
Tazewell county, and the postmaster general noti-
fied them they should change their name, which
was afterward changed to Eldara. The town
has about two hundred and fifty population and
several thoroughgoing business men, two churches
and an excellent school building.

ATLAS. When we reach this name we are car-
ried back to the day when Atlas was expected to
be a great city. . It is located in a fertile valley,
with upland and bottom land, good and produc-
tive. The first settlers were the Ross family;
Ebenezer, Franklin and Daniel Shinn. Many of
the early settlers of Atlas went to other parts of
the county, and John Wood went to Quincy- and
founded the now "Gem City." Atlas township
has three towns, Atlas, Rockport and Summer
Hill, filled with many of Pike county's
best people. Rockport, on the railroad, has
a fine elevator and several good business
houses. In Atlas town there is yet standing a
house that was erected in 1822. To a person vis-
iting Atlas for the first time, seeing the beautiful
landscape and surroundings, would be impressed
that Colonel Ross was evidently much elated
with his great expectations that Quincy would
not make much of a town because it was too near
Atlas.

Ross. Ross township was formed from Atlas
township in 1879 and was named in honor of
Colonel William Ross by Captain M. D. Massie,
who was a member of the board of supervisors in
that year. The township is fractional and has
no particular history except for its productive
farms and worthy agricultural citizens.

BARRY. The first settlers in Barry, in 1824,
were Rev. David Edwards and Mr. Hadley. Soon
after these men came Rev. William M. Blair and
his sons. Those who afterward took an impor-
tant part in the history of the township were
Montgomery and William Blair, Hezekiah Me-
Atee, Alfred Grubb and Elijah L. McAtee.
Other early settlers were Josiah and Wil-
liam Lippencott, Stephen R. Gray, Burton
Gray, John Milhizer and Levi McDaniel. Most
of the above came prior to or during the year
1836. Benjamin Barney, Michael and Alonzo

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Gard came in 1826, A. C. Baker in 1827. A noted
Dr. Hudnel was an eccentric character and useful
man, practiced in Barry and Pleasant Vale. Bart-
lett & Birdsong kept the first store and they also
laid out Barry as the agents for Stone, the owner,
of the land. In 1836 Daniel A. Shaw hauled the
first load of goods into Worcester, now Barry, for
Bartlett & Birdsong. They were landed at Phil-
lips Ferry, now Griggsville Landing or Valley
City. The first Fourth of July celebration in Barry
took place in 1838. Among the speakers were
Dr. A. C. Baker, William A. Grimshaw and Colonel
William Ross. The first wedding1 in the town-
ship was that of Samuel Blair and Miss Lucy
Brewster in 1829. Rev. William Blair preached
the first sermon in his own log house on section
30, in 1829, and he also taught the first school in a
log building on section 28 in 1830. Barry has
two newspapers, the Adage and Record.- The
first bank in Barry was known as the C. & S.
Davis and Angle Bank. It was opened in 1872
and in 1905 it became insolvent and went into the
hands, of a receiver. Indications appear to show
that the depositors will lose but little if anything.
The First National Bank was organized in 1901.
Barry has numerous secret societies as follows:
Masons ; Odd Fellows ; Modern Woodmen of
America; Ancient Order of United Workmen;
Mutual Protective League; Court of Honor;
Grand Army of the Republic ; Woman's Relief
Corps; Fraternal Army of America and Loyal
Americans and a few others. Stephen R. Gray
was the first postmaster ; Captain C. H. Hurt is
postmaster now. Barry has a fine library build-
ing, the gift of Mrs. B. D. Brown. The library
is one of the best in the county, and is being
added to frequently. Barry has a fine record for
entertaining as the old settlers and soldiers can
attest, having been often given the keys of the
city.

Jon Shastid's school in Barry for the term
ending on April 2, 1857 : Edward W. Baker, Al-
fred Baker, James C. Brown, Arthur Baird, Al-
bert Blackman, James Baird, George Bill, Eugene
Chamberlain, Jerome Chamberlain, Jon Chamber-
lain, Aaron Chamberlain, Alfred Elam, Oliver
Emerson, Marion Fairchild, Eugene Gray,
William E. Grubb, Ira 6. Gray, William P.

Gorton, Thomas E. Gorton, Marcellus Harvey,
Henry L. Hadsell, Charles H. Hurt, Jon M.
Hurt, George Rowland, George Jasper, Edward
D. B. Jerome, Charles Klein, William H. Kidwell,
David Kidwell, Daniel Kidwell, George Luzader,
George W. Liggett, William E. Robison, George
W. Thompson, James M. Widby, Sarah E. Bond,
Jane Cheadle, Diantha Cheadle, Mary J. Crooks,
Lucy ' M. Ellis, Emma Eddingfield, Dorothy
Frike, Mary E. Gillum Catherine Harvey, Allena
Lane, Elizabeth J. Lane, Mary A. Mason, Maricia
Mason, Julia U. Mason, Elizabeth Petty, Nancy
Petty, Lucetta Pope, Matilda Sprague.

PLEASANT VALE. The first settlers were
John Wood, afterward Governor of Illinois,
Willard Keyes and David Dutton, who came in
1821 and 1822, and settled on sections 16 and 22.
Mr. Dutton was one of the county commissioners
in 1822. Amos and Joseph Jackson, Major
Hinckly, Parley Jackson, Levi Howard, Mr.
Rice, Daniel Mitchell and Andrew Shearer were
also very early settlers. Mr. Shearer "blazed
out" the first road from where New Canton now
is to the town of Washington, now Eldara. The
first vVhite child born in the township was An-
drew J. Stanley, in 1823. The first death was
Mary Jane McDaniel in the same year, and the
first marriage was Peter J. Saxbury and Ma-
tilda Stanley in June, 1827. These early settlers
endured many hardships and privations in pre-
paring the way for future generations and future
prosperity, which the people of to-day know not
of. They ground their corn for food on a hand
mill, and at times crushed it in a hominy block.
The latter consisted of a hole burnt in a stump
or block of wood, in which corn was placed and
crushed with an iron wedge or mallet. In a short
time, however, these odd and rude pieces of pio-
neer machinery were replaced by horse mills.
These were generally situated eight or ten miles
from the settlers here, and although they were a
great improvement upon the hand mills and the
hominy blocks, the process of grinding would be
considered very slow, indeed, by the people of
this day and age of steam mills. The boys then
went to mill on horseback, and seldom ever re-
turned the same day. They would congregate
under the old shed of the horse mill while wait-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ing for their turn, and there make a fire and
parch corn, tell jokes, etc. In this way they
would pass the night very pleasantly without sup-
per or sleep ; for the supper could not be had.
and there was no place to sleep, save on the sacks
of corn.

Then came the days of schools and churches.
The first schoolhouse erected by the settlers was
on section 22, in 1825. It was a log cabin with
a clapboard door, puncheon floor, slab benches
for seats and a huge fire place at one end of the
room. The desks consisted of puncheons sup-
ported by pins in the wall ; the fire place had no
chimney except above the root"; there were two
doors, one at each side of the fire place. The
fuel used consisted of huge logs, which were of-
ten dragged into the house by a horse coming
in at one door and passing through and out at the
other. Around and near the fire place there was
no floor except the ground, the puncheon floor
covering the back part of the room only. The
window consisted of a log removed from one side
of the room, with greased paper pasted over the
aperture. The first teacher here was a Mr. Ran-
kin. The pioneer teacher was of the ox driver
class, and generally carried a large "gad" in his
hands, to maintain order in the school.

Religious worship was early instituted in the
first settlement of this township. The first ser-
mon was preached by Rev. Mr. Hunter, of the
Methodist denomination, and the first regularly
organized religions society was also that of the
Methodist. This society first worshiped in the
house of Mr. Jackson, and afterward in the
schoolhouse on section 22. The Mormons also
figured largely in a church organization here some
years later. They at one time had a society of
about 100 communicants, and erected a house of
worship in the northwest part of the township.
When the Xauvoo trouble came, however, they
left this neighborhood to join their brethren at
that place. The old Mormon church was after-
ward moved to the Mississippi river, and there
used for a warehouse.

In those early days the wagons, for the most
part, were rudely constructed by the settlers
themselves, and consisted wholly of wood. The
wheels were sawed from large sycamore trees.

and holes were bored in the center, in which to
insert the axletree. The farmers often used these
wagons in going to mill, hauling their produce
to market, and for a conveyance in which to at-
tend church.

In pioneer times, when there were scarcely any
fences, and not land enough under cultivation to
stop the great prairie fires which occurred in
the fall of the year, they proved very disastrous
to those living in the prairie. This township,
consists, for the most part, of Mississippi river
bottom land, a large portion of which is prairie.
The grass on this bottom land grew to an enor-
mous height, was very thick, and as high as a
man's head while on horseback. This grass was
so heavy and thick that when the settlers went a-
fishing in the sny they would hitch the team to
a large bush or tree and drag it through the grass
and mash it down, to make a road for them to
pass over. In the fall of the year this luxuriant
growth of grass would be set on fire by the In-
dians or hunters, and 'especially when the wind
was high, would sweep resistlessly over the whole
country, high and low, destroying a great deal
of property.

The pioneers early learned to guard against
this destructive element by plowing wide strips
of land around their premises and around their
grain and hay. As soon as the alarm of fire was
given, each settler would immediately begin to
"back fire." This was done by setting the grass
on fire next outside the plowed strip, which would
burn slowly and meet the rapidly advancing
flames that came rolling in majestic grandeur,
from twenty to thirty feet in the air.

This bottom land ig now under a high state
of cultivation, and since the completion of the
levee has become one of the richest farming dis-
tricts of America. The land lying between the
sny and the Mississippi is timber land, and as
fertile as the prairie. It is now rapidly being
cleared and improved.

On the northwest quarter of section 29 is a salt
spring, which at one time afforded considerable
salt water. Mr. Keyes carried water from this
spring to his home on section 22, a distance of a
mile and a half, boiled it down, and made salt for
family use and for his neighbors.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

As the bluffs extend from the northwest to
southeast through the township, the up land is
divided from the bottom land, forming a trian-
gular section. This land is very rough and
roken, and is underlaid with a heavy bed of
nestone, and is consequently better adapted to
ic growing of small grain and fruit than to gen-
ral farming. There is some excellent farming
and along the course of Keyes creek, which ex-
ends along the eastern portion of the township.
This creek was named in honor of Mr. Keyes, of
whom we have spoken in the first part of this
sketch. At one time this creek and others
abounded in countless numbers of fish, and thus
aided in furnishing the settlers with the neces-
saries of life. Although the pioneers were de-
prived of many things that are enjoyed at the
present day, yet they always had abundance to
eat and wear. If their store clothes or homespun
gave way, they would simply construct clothing
from the hides of animals. The first justice of
the peace of this township was Major Hinckley.
New Canton is the only town in Pleasant Vale
township, and has nearly 600 population. It was
founded April 2, 1835, by Charles T. Brewster,
Hiram Smith and Jesse Titsworth. New Can-
ton has two churches, Methodist and Union,
open to all denominations, but mostly used by the
Christian society, flourishing Sunday schools ;
and Epworth League and Christian Endeavor
are held at both churches, with large attendance
and great interest. The first school was on sec-
tion 9, in 1832, and the first schoolhouse was
built in 1836, a Mr. Hale being the first school
master. The present school building was erected
in 1866, with an addition a few years later. The
principal and assistants are Miss Emma Card,
Misses Flossie Shearer, Clyde Temple and Edith
Card, and the gems of knowledge are cheerfully
imparted to the young citizens that will take
them. The town was incorporated in 1869. The
present officers are: Abraham Likes, president;
trustees, M. H. Fuller, L. Card, Jr., H. A. Mas-
sie, H. Koeller, James Temple and D. Godfrey.
The business of the town is three general stores,
three grocery stores, one drug store, one jewelry
store, one restaurant, one hotel, two barber shops,
two blacksmiths, one wood worker, two grain ele-

vators, one lumber yard, one livery and feed
stable, two physicians, four notaries public, three
magistrates, three constables, seven carpenters,
five stone masons and plasterers, a postoffice with
three rural routes, one bank, and the following
secret societies: Masons, Woodmen, Knights of
Pythias, Mutual Protective League, Pike County
Mutual, Knights and Ladies of Security, Royal
Neighbors, Loyal Americans, Mystic Circle and
Grand Army of the Republic. A few years ago
the town had a pork packing and milling indus-
try, but they were smothered out like all modest
r>lants have been in the rural districts. New Can-
ton is on the branch of the Chicago, Burlington
& Quincy Railroad, twenty-eight miles from
Quincy, Illinois, and sixteen miles from Louisi-
ana, Missouri, and six miles from the Mississippi
river. The town has telegraph and telephone
connection with the outside world, also a band
hall and an excellent cornet band, a billiard hall,
two entertainment halls and a lodge hall, a town
hall and a "cooler." The town has had ' several
destructive fires and numerous costly burglaries.
The agricultural and live stock interests are well
conducted by up-to-date and enterprising farm-
ers, which makes the town one of the best ship-
ping points in the county. Chicago and St.
Louis are within a few hours' run, and are the
town's principal markets. The old-time business
men were John Webb, Shipman & Freeman, W.
P. Freeman, William Turner, Hugh Barker,
Warner & Blain, Perry H. Davis, Amos
Morey, A. Shewe, Massie & Gray, Massie, Heid-
loff & Company. The business men of to-day are
Atkinson & Son, H. Koeller, W. Ware, D. God-
frey, Dudley Brothers, H. A. Massie, Ed. Up-
pinghouse, Ellis Gard and G. W. Staff ; and the
physicians and surgeons, James H. Rainwater,
George U. McComas. Joseph Jackson was the
first postmaster, and John L. Morey the last one.
The elevator men are Shaw-Garner Company,
with Joseph McFarland, manager, and Werner
Heidloff. R. E. Funk is the Chicago, Burlington
& Quincy Railroad agent.

KINDERHOOK. Kinderhook is west of Barry
and joins Adams county on the north. Its south-
west corner is a half mile from the Mississippi
river. The first settlers were David Cole, Bird

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Brewer, Mr. Lyle, Amasa Shinn, Mr. McCraney,
James Hull, Charles Smith, Charles and James
Stratton, Thomas Orr and C. Devoll. The town
of Kinderhook was laid out in 1836 by Chester
Churchill and Bridge Whitten. The Wabash
Railroad touches the town. Two churches and
an excellent school are the town's pride. Hull, in
this township, is at the junction of the Wabash
and Chicago, Burlington & Quincy railroads.
Hull has a bank and a newspaper, two churches,
a large grain elevator and is a good business cen-
ter. The town was laid out in 1871 by David
Hull, Rensselear Sweet and William Bridge.

CINCINNATI. Cincinnati is a fractional town-
ship taken from Pleasant Vale in 1881. It con-
sists of eighteen full sections and six fractional
sections and contains the old-time town of Cin-
cinnati that in 1848 was the greatest business
town in Pike county, but the great flood of 1851
almost obliterated the town. During the palmy
days of steamboating it was the greatest shipping,
point on the west side of the county. After the
coming of the railroad the shipping interests have
become a dead letter. It has some as good and
fertile lands as are on the earth. It has one
Methodist Episcopal church in the township,
known as the Wike Chapel, and numerous com-
modious schcolhouses. The township is noted
for its abundant production of wheat and corn._
It used to have a postoffice, with W. H. Odiorne
as the first postmaster. Its first school treasurer
was Nelson Morey.

LEVEE. Levee was originally a part of Kinder-
hook township and was set off in 1875. It con-
sists of eighteen full sections and five fractional
sections, nearly all of which are as good land as
the sun shines on. The township has several good
school buildings and a church at Spencer switch,
owned and occupied by the Methodists. It has
a good macadamized road leading through the
township, partly sustained by the Hannibal busi-
ness men. Levee has two railroads, the Wabash
and the Quincy & Hannibal branch of the Chi-
cago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad.

The business men of the various towns and
villages of the county are progressive, active and
enterprising, and in the past as well as the pres-
ent have been an important factor in the county's

development, in the way of schools, churches,
public improvements and all matters that were
for the people's best interests, but in the past
decade all have been seriously handicapped in
their business enterprises by a lack of home reci-
procity and the blighting cry for cheap and
cheaper supplies. It has closed the factories and
decreased the population of the county. There
is a great cry against trusts and combines, and yet
perhaps unconsciously, the general public are play-
ing into the hands of their enemies, greatly to
their own detriment. A few are awakening to the
fact that the great money powers are only inter-
ested in the plain people just as far as the al-
mighty dollar goes. Pike county is one of the
best agricultural sections in the great military
tract, and should be a good manufacturing center,
having, as it has, all the natural advantages of
two great rivers and three great railroads. The
old-time residents were blessed with pure foods
and unadulterated material. Now laws are in
force forbidding adulterations, but the suffering
public are greatly imposed upon and the law
seems to be a dead letter.

SUPERVISORS.

Below we give a full list of all the Supervisors
from the time the county was organized under
the township law till the present time, by years,
together with the name of the chairman and the
township each member is from :

1850 — William Ross, Newburg, Chairman;
Archibald Brooks, Chambersburg ; Darius Dex-
ter, Perry; Amos Hill, Griggsville; David Pre-
ble, New Salem ; John McTucker, Hadley ; Mont-
gomery Blaii**" Barry; Jesse Seniff, Detroit;
Thomas Hull, Kinderhook; A. W. Bemis, Mar-
tinsburg ; J. M. Seeley, Atlas ; J. F. Hyde, Pitts-
field ; R. C. Robertson, Milton (Montezuma) ;
Wilson Adams, Hardin ; Hazen Pressy, Wash-
ington, Derry; James Talbott, Pleasant Vale;
William Turnbull, Flint ; William Morrison, Fair-
mount; Thomas Barton, Pleasant Hill; J. P.
Stark, Spring Creek.

1851 — William Ross, Newburg, Chairman;
Amos Hill, Griggsville; Thomas Odiorne, Atlas;
Hazen Pressy, Derry ; William Morrison, Fair-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE- COUNTY.

mount; William Turnbull, Flint; Thomas Bar-
ton, Pleasant Hill; William Grammar, Hadley;
John Lyster, Detroit; Worden Willis, Pleasant
Vale ^Montgomery Blair, Barry; Darius Dexter,
Perry ; D. H. Gilmer, Pittsfield ; R. C. Robertson,
Montezuma ; William Adams, Hardin ; Harvey
W. McClintock, Martinsburg ; David Preble, New
Salem ; J. P. Stark, Spring Creek ; Thomas Hull,
Kinderhook ; < Constantine Smith, Pearl ; Peter
Karges, Chambersburg.

1852 — H. R. Ramsay, Atlas, Chairman; James
Brown, Chambersburg; Darius Dexter, Perry;
David Preble, New Salem ; John E. Ayres, Fair-
mount ; M. B. Churchill, Kinderhook ; S. K. Tay-
lor, Derry ; D. H. Gilmer, Pittsfield ; M. J. Noyes ;
Amos Hill, Griggsville ; John Lyster, Detroit ; Wil-
liam Turnbull, Flint; H. W. McClintock, Mar-
tinsburg; E. C. Thurman, Pleasant Hill; William
Grammar, Hadley; B. F. Brownell, Barry; S.
Grigsby, Pleasant Vale ; Richard Robertson, Mon-
tezuma ; A. Main, Hardin ; John P. Stark, Spring
Creek.

1853 — William Turnbull, Chairman ; James
Brown, Chambersburg ; William Dustin, Atlas ;
Daniel Fisher, New Salem; Thomas Hull, Kin-
derhook ; Harlow Huntley, Hadley ; Tyre Jen-
nings, Barry; B. L. _Matthe\vs. Perry; H. T.
Mudd, Pittsfickl ; Constantine .Smith, Pearl ; Wil-
liam E. Smith, Spring Creek ; Cornelius Sullivan,
Martinsburg; Jonathan Frye, Detroit; Dennis
Leary, Montezuma; William Kinman, Griggs-
ville; Samuel G. Sitton, Hardin; William C.
Crawford, Fairmount ; L. H. Stone, Pleasant
Hill ; F. A. Landrum, Derry.

1854 — J. S. Roberts, Martinsburg, 'Chairman:
Tames Brown, Chambersburg; Calvin Greenleaf,
Flint ; Jonathan Frye. Detroit ; Dennis Leary.
Montezuma; Constantine Smith. Pearl; B. L.
Matthews, Perry; James Winn, Griggsville; B.
F. Westlake, Newburg ; John Heavener, Hardin ;
Wm. E. Smith, Spring Creek ; Daniel Fisher,
New Salem ; Henry T. Mudd. Pittsfield ; L. H.
Stone, Pleasant Hill ; Wm. Grammar, Hadley ;
Jethro Petty, Derry; Wm. Dustin, Atlas; Tyre
Jennings, Barry ; Charles T. Brewster, Pleasant
Vale ; S. B. Gaines, Kinderhook ; Wm. C. Craw-
ford, Fairmount.

1855 — B. F. Westlake, Newburg, Chairman;

John Loer, Chambersburg ; Wm. Thackwray,
Flint; D. Leary, Montezuma; Constantine Smith,
Pearl; B. L. Matthews, I'erry: James Winn,
Griggsville; Wilson Adams, Hardin; Wm. C.
Smith, Spring Creek; Wm. C. Crawford, Fair-
mount ; Daniel Fisher, New Salem ; H. T. Mudd,
Pittsfield; John S. Roberts, Martinsburg; John
Ray, Pleasant Hill ; Joseph P. Smith, Hadley ; J.
S. Vertrees, Perry ; Simon K. Taylor, Derry ;
Tyre Jennings, Barry; Thomas Odiorne, Atlas;
Charles T. Brewster, Pleasant Vale; S. B.
Gaines, Kinderhook; R. C. Allen, Detroit; Nicho-
las Hobbs, Fairmount.

1856 — J. S. Roberts, Martinsburg, Chairman;
John Loer, Chambersburg; Jonathan Frye, De-
troit ; 'VVm. Wheeler, Pearl ; O. M. Hatch, Griggs-
ville; Joseph G. Colvin, Hardin; Wm. H. Love,
Fairmount; Daniel D. Hicks, Pittsfield; Alex.
Hemphill, Pleasant Hill; Josiah Long, Atlas;
Daniel Pyle, Flint ; Edwin Wooley, Montezuma ;
John L. Gaine, Perry; B. F. Westlake, Newburg;
Wm. E. Smith, Spring Creek ; Wm. F. Hooper,
New Salem; Richard Hayes, Hadley; James
Wallace, Pleasant Vale; A. Landrum, Derry;
John P. Grubb, Barry.

1857 — John W. Allen, Detroit, Chairman; B.
B. Metz, Chambersburg; Joseph G.^Pyle, Flint;
Spencer Hudson, Montezuma, ' Constantine Smith,
Pearl ; Thos. Reynolds, Perry ; Alfred Gordon,
Griggsville; B. F. Westlake'; Newburg; J. G.
Colvin, Hardin ; John H . Brewer, Fairmount ;
Wm. E. Smith, Spring Creek; Wm. F. Hooker,
New Salem ; Daniel D. Hicks. Pittsfield ; Joshua
Butler, Martinsburg; Alex. Hemphill, Pleasant
Hill; Richard Hayes, Hadley; John L. Under-
wood, Derry ; Jesse Long, Atlas ; J. R. Williams,
Barry ; James Wallace, Pleasant" Vale ; M. B.
Churchill, Kinderhook.

1858— Wm. Turnbull, Flint. Chairman: Har-
vey Dunn, Chambersburg; Jonathan Fryf^JDe-
troit; E. N. French. Montezuma: IIiram_Hes§,"
Pearl: Thos. Reynolds, Perry; James Winn,
Griggsville; B. F. Westlake, Newburg; Adam
Puterbaugh, Hardin; Wm. E. Smith, Spring
Creek ; John H. Brewer, Fairmount ; Thos. Gray.
New Salem; Austin Barber, Pittsfield: Joshua
Butler, Martinsburg; John G. Sitton. Pleasant
Hill: Wm. Grammar, Hadley: John L. Under-

„

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

wood, Derry; Sherman Brown, Atlas; James B.
Williams, Barry ; James Wallace, Pleasant Vale ;

A. T. Love, Kinderhook.

1859 — John S. Roberts, Martinsburg, Chair-
man ; Wilson S. Dennis, Chambersburg ; James
L. Thompson, Flint; Jonathan Frye, Detroit;
Isaac S. Brown, Montezuma ; Constantine Smith,
Pearl; B. L. Matthews, Perry; James Winn,
Griggsville, Benj. F. Westlake, Newburg; Wil-
son Adams, Hardin ; Wm. E. Smith, Spring
Creek; John Vail, Fairmount; James C. Conk-
right, New Salem; Isaac W. Jones, Pittsfield ;
Thos. Barney, Pleasant Hill; Wm. Grammar,
Hadley; Simon K. Taylor, Derry; Sherman
Brown, Atlas ; Richard St. John, Barry ; James
Wallace, Pleasant Vale ; John G. Wheelock, Kin-
derhook.

1860 — John S. Roberts, Martinsburg, Chair-
man; James H. Dennis, Chambersburg; Jas. L.
Thompson, Flint ; John W. Allen, Detroit ; E. C.
Clemmons, Montezuma ; Hiram Hess, Pearl ;
James Johns, Perry ; T. H. Dimmitt, Griggsville ;

B. F. Westlake, Newburg ; J. C. Colvin, Hardin ;
Wm. E. Smith, Spring Creek; John Vail, Fair-
mount ; Jas. C. Conkright, New Salem ; David A.
Stanton, Pittsfield; Alex. Parker, Pleasant Hill;
Wm. Grammar, Hadley; James B. Landrum,
Derry ; Sherman Brown, Atlas ; Lewis D. White,
Barry ; Harrison Brown, Pleasant Vale ; John G.
Wheelock, Kinderhook.

1861— John S. Roberts, Martinsburg, Chair-
man; J. H. Dennis, Chambersburg; Geo. H. San-
ford, Flint; John W. Allen, Petroitr Wm. B.
Grimes, Montezuma ; -Andrew-rN. -Hess^j Pearl ;
Geo. W. Baldwin, Perry; Thos. H. Dimmitt,
Griggsville; B. F. Westlake, Newburg; Jos. G.
Colvin, Hardin; Wm. E. Smith, Spring Creek;
John Vail, Fairmount; A. J. McWilliams, New
Salem; D. A. Stanton, Pittsfield; A. J. Lovell,
Pleasant Hill ; Wm. Grammar, Hadley ; Isaac
Pryor, Perry ; J. G. Adams, Atlas ; John Mc-
Tucker, Barry ; Perry H. Davis, Pleasant Vale ;
John Aron, Kinderhook.

1862— John S. Roberts, Martinsburg, Chair-
man; James H. Dennis, Chambersburg; Geo. H.
Sanford, Flint ; Jonathan Frye, Detroit ; Geo. Un-
derwood, Montezuma; Andrew N. Hess, Pearl;
James W. Brown, Perry ; T. H. Dimmitt, Griggs-
6

ville; B. F. Westlake, Newburg; J. G. Colvin,
Hardin ; Wm. E. Smith, Spring Creek ; Wm.
Morrison, Fairmount; A. J. McWilliams, New
Salem; D. A. Stanton, Pittsfield; L. H. Stone,
Pleasant Hill; Wm. Grammar, Hadley; J. B.
Landrum, Derry; J. G. Adams, Atlas; Henry
Wallace, Barry; P. H. Davis, Pleasant Vale; John
Aron, Kinderhook.

1863 — John S. Roberts, Martinsburg, Chair-
man; James H. Dennis, Chambersburg; Wm.
Thackwray, Flint; L. J. Smitherman, Detroit;
J. O. Bolin, Montezuma; A. N. Hess, Pearl; Au-)(
gustus Akin, Perry ; T. H. Dimmitt, Griggsville ;
Strother Grigsby, Newburg; B. F. Westlake,
Newburg; J. G. Colvin, Hardin; D. Hollis,
Spring Creek; Wm. Morrison, Fairmount; A. J.
McWilliams, New Salem; S. R. Gray, Pittsfield;
A. Hemphill, Pleasant Hill ; Wm. Grammar, Had-
ley; Thos. Harris, Derry; J. G. Adams, Atlas;
.Wm. P. Shields, Barry; J. R. Thomas, Pleasant
Vale ; John Aron, Kinderhook.

1864 — James H. Dennis, Chambersburg, Chair-
man ; Wm. Thackwray, Flint ; L. J. Smitherman,
Detroit; E. N. French, Montezuma; A. N. Hess^
Pearl ; Harvey Dunn, Jr., Perry ; Thos. H. Dim-
mitt, Griggsville ; Nathan Kelley, Newburg ; B. C.
Lindsay, Hardin ; David Hollis, Spring Creek ;
John Vail, Fairmount ; John Preble, New Salem ;
N. A. Wells, Pittsfield; J.' S. Roberts^ Martins-
burg ; Alex. Hemphill, Pleasant Hill ; Wm. Gram-
mar, Hadley; Thos. S. Harris, Derry; J. G.
Adams, Atlas; Wm. P. Shields, Barry; James
Wallace, Pleasant Vale ; John G. Wheelock, Kin-
derhook.

1865— P. H. Davis, Pleasant Vale, Chairman;
Jas. H. Dennis, Chambersburg; Wm. Turnbull,
Flint; L. J. Smitherman, Detroit; Robert E. Gil-
liland, Montezuma; A. N. Hess, Pearl; John E>
Morton, Perry ; T. H. Dimmitt, Griggsville ; Wm.
J. Ross, Jr., Newburg; Samuel Heavener, Har-
din ; David Hollis, Spring Creek ; John Vail, Fair-
mount ; Asahel Hinman, New Salem ; J. M. Bush,
Pittsfield; David Roberts, "Martinsburg ; Alex.
Hemphill, Pleasant Hill; Wm. Grammar, Had-
ley; Albert Landrum, Derry; Wm. Dustin, Atlas;
Wm. P. Shields, Barry ; John G. Wheelock, Kin-
derhook.

1866 — James H. Dennis, Chambersburg, Chair-

92

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

man ; William Turnbull, Flint ; L. J. Smitherman,
Detroit; George Marks, Montezuma; Joshua

v Hanks, Pearl; John E. Morton, Perry; T. H.
Dimmitt, Griggsville ; Strother Grigsby, New-
burg; David Hollis, Spring Creek; John Vail,
Fairmount; John Preble, New Salem; James M.
Ferry, Pittsfield; R. A. McClintock, Martins-
burg; A. F. Hemphill, Pleasant Hill; William
Grammar, Hadley ; Albert Landrum, Derry ; J. G.
Adams, Atlas ; William M. P. Shields, Barry ;
James Wallace, Pleasant Vale; R. M. Murray,
Kinderhook.

1867 — James H. Dennis, Chambersburg, Chair-
man; James L. Thompson, Flint; L. J. Smither-
man, Detroit ; John O. Bolin, Montezuma ; Joshua
•Hanks, Pearl; John A. Morton, Perry; Thomas
H. Dimmitt, Griggsville ; Strother Grigsby, New-
burg; Jos. G. Colvin, Hardin; David Hollis,
Spring Creek; John Vail, Fairmount; John Pre-
ble, New Salem; George W. Jones, Pittsfield;
William M. McClintock, Martinsburg; A. F.
Hemphill, Pleasant Hill ; William Grammar, Had-
ley ; Albert Landrum, Derry ; J. G. Adams, Atlas ;

>/M. Blair, Barry; Perry H. Davis, Pleasant Vale;
Thomas Mclntire, Kinderhook.

1868 — James H. Dennis, Chambersburg, Chair-
man; William Anderson, Flint; John W. Allen,
Detroit ; James A. Brown; Montezuma ; Joshua

N Hanks, Pearl; Harvey Thornbury, Perry; T. H.
Dimmitt, Griggsville; Strother Grigsby, New-
burg; John C. Dinsmore, Hardin; F. J. Halford,
Spring Creek; John Vail, Fairmount; John Pre-
ble, New Salem; George W. Jones, Pittsfield;
John Melton, Martinsburg; William Grammar,
Hadley; Albert Landrum, Derry Montgomery
Blair, Barry; P. H. Davis, Pleasant Vale; A. J.
Lovell, Pleasant Hill ; J. G. Adams, Atlas ; R. M.
Murray, Kinderhook.

1869 — George W. Jones, Pittsfield, Chairman;
James H. Dennis, Chambersburg; William An-
derson, Flint; John Lester, Detroit; James A.
Brown, Montezuma ; David Hess, Pearl ; B. L.
Matthews, Perry; Noah Divilbiss, Perry; T. H.
Dimmitt, Griggsville; B. F. Westlake, Newburg;
B. C. Lindsay, Hardin ; Frank J. Halford, Spring
Creek ; T. M. Coss, Fairmount ; John Preble, New
Salem ; Joseph Turnbaugh, Martinsburg ; J. B.
Harl, Pleasant Hill; William Grammar, Hadley;

Maberry Evans, Derry; A. Simpkins, Atlas;
^Montgomery Blair, Barry; P. H. Davis, Pleasant
Hill ; John Aron, Kinderhook.

1870 — George W. Jones, Pittsfield, Chairman;
Lewis Ham, Chambersburg; William Anderson,
Flint ; Samuel Hayden, Detroit ; James A. Brown,
Montezuma; George W. Roberts, Pearl; B. L. '
Matthews, Perry; T. H. Dimmitt, Griggsville;
Thompson J. Pulliam, Newburg; Alvin Petty,
Hardin ; F. J. Halford, Spring Creek ; Taylor M.
Coss, Fairmount ; John Preble, New Salem ; John
Brittain, Martinsburg; A. J. Lovell, Pleasant
Hill- J. W. Burke, Derry; William Dustin, At-
lasVM. Blair, Barry; P. H. Davis, Pleasant Vale;
John Clutch, Kinderhook.

1871 — George W. Jones, Pittsfield, Chairman;
Lewis Ham, Chambersburg; William Anderson,
Flint; B. W. Flynn, Detroit; James A. Brown,
Montezuma ; George W. Roberts, Pearl ; Thomas
Reynolds, Perry ; James McWilliams, Griggs-
ville; T. G. Pulliam, Newburg; Francis Frye,
Hardin; T. J. Halford, Spring Creek; William
Morrison, Fairmount ; John Preble, New Salem ;
Hardin Goodin, Martinsburg ; A. J. Lovell, Pleas-
ant Hill; William Grammar, Hadley; William
Dustin, Atlas; James W. Burke, Derry; Calvin
Davis, Barry; M. D. Massie, Pleasant Vale; John
Clutch, Kinderhook.

1872 — George W. Jones, Pittsfield, Chairman;
Lewis Ham, Chambersburg; B. W. Flynn, De-
troit; William T. Dugdell, Montezuma; G. W.
Roberts, Pearl; Thomas Reynolds, Perry; James
McWilliams, Griggsville ; Strother Grigsby, New-
burg ; Francis Frye, Hardin ; David Hollis, Spring
Creek ; William Corey, Fairmount ; John Preble,
New Salem ; William Fowler, Martinsburg ; A. J.
Lovell, Pleasant Hill ; William Grammar, Hadley ;
J. W. Burke, Derry ; William Dustin, Atlas ; Cal-
vin Davis, Barry; M. D. Massie, Pleasant Vale;
John Clutch, Kinderhook.

1873 — Lewis Hani, Pittsfield, Chairman ; David
Pyle, Flint ; B. W. Flynn, Detroit ; Milton Grimes,
Montezuma ; George W. Roberts, Pearl ; Thomas
Reynolds, Perry ; James McWilliams, Griggs-
ville; P. H. Cooper, Newburg; Wright Hicks.
Hardin; F. J. Halford, Spring Creek; William
Corey, Fairmount ; Addison Caldwell, New Sa-
lem; Lewis Dutton, Pittsfield; William Fowler,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

93

Martinsburg ; A. J. Lovell, Pleasant Hill; William
Grammar, Hadley; Thomas H. Coley, Derry;
Josiah Long, Atlas ; John P. Grubb, Barry ; John
Horn, Pleasant Vale ; John Clutch, Kinderhook.

1874 — James H. Dennis, Chambersburg, Chair-
man ; William Turnbull, Flint ; William Douglas,
Detroit ; A. J. Worcester, Montezuma ; Andrew
N. Hess, Pearl; Thomas Reynolds, Perr,y; James >
McWilliams, Griggsville; Nathan Kelley, New-
burg; Wright Hicks, Hardin; C. C. Melton,
Spring Creek; William Corey, Fairmount; Addi-
son Cadwell, New Salem ; Lewis Dutton, Pitts-
field; Francis Fowler, Martinsburg; A. J. Lovell,
Pleasant Hill; William Grammar, Hadley; Ma-
berry Evans, Derry ; J. G. Adams, Atlas ; Calvin
Davis, Barry ; John B. Horn, Pleasant Vale ; John
Clutch, Kinderhook.

1875 — William B. Grimes, Pittsfield, Chairman;
J. L. Metz, Chambersburg; Austin Wade, Flint;
Henry Moler, Detroit ; A. J. Worcester, Monte-
zuma; D. W. Miller, Pearl; Thomas Reynolds,"'
Perry; James McWilliams, Griggsville; J. H.
Farrington, Hardin ; C. C. Melton, Spring Creek ;
R. B. McLaughlin, Fairmount ; Addison Cadwell,
New Salem; Thomas Aiton, Martinsburg; A. J.
Lovell, Pleasant Hill; William Grammar, Had-
ley ; Maberry Evans, Derry ; J. G. Adams, Atlas ;
Alex. White, Barry; M. D. Massie, Pleasant
Vale; William Ross, Newburg; R. M. Murray,
Kinderhook.

1876 — A. , J. Worcester, Montezuma, Chair-
man ; J. L. Metz, Chambersburg ; Joseph Wilson,
Flint; Henry Moler, Detroit; G. W. Roberts,
Pearl; Z. Wade, Perry; George Pratt, Griggs-
ville; C. P. Chapman, Newburg; R. R. Pollock,
Spring Creek; R. B. McLaughlin, Fairmount;
Addison Cadwell, New Salem; Wm. B. Grimes,
Pittsfield; Thomas Aiton, Martinsburg; A. J.
Lovell, Pleasant Hill; William Grammar, Had-
ley; Maberry Evans, Derry; Samuel Taylor, At-
las ; W. F. White, Barry ; R. M. Murray, Kinder-
hook ; John W. Brammell, Pleasant Vale ; J. H.
Farrington, Hardin ; F. A. Douglas, Levee.

1877 — J. W. Burke, Derry, Chairman; George
Ham, Chambersburg; Joseph Wilson, Flint; Da-
vid Stoner, Detroit; Charles E. Bolin, Monte-
zuma; A. N. Hess, Pearl; Z. Wade, Perry;'
George Pratt, Griggsville; C. P. Chapman, New-

burg; Wright Hicks, Hardin; W. R. Wilson,
Spring Creek; R. B. McLaughlin, Fairmount;
Addison Cadwell, New Salem; Lewis Dutton,
Pittsfield; William Fowler, Martinsburg; John
S. Lockwood, Pleasant Vale; William Grammar,
Hadley; Samuel Taylor, Atlas; W. F. White,
Barry; F. L. Zernberg, Pleasant Hill; R. M.
Murray, Kinderhook; Marcus Hardy, Levee.

1878 — Calvin Davis, Barry, Chairman; George
Ham, Chambersburg; Joseph Wilson, Flint; W.
T. Smith, Detroit; C. E. Bolin, Montezuma; G.
W. Roberts, Pearl ; J. W. Grimes, Perry ; George X
Pratt, Griggsville; C. P. Chapman, Newburg; J.
H. Griffin, Hardin ; M. W. Bogart, Spring Creek ;
Dele Elder, Fairmount; John Preble, New Sa-
lem; Lewis Dutton, Pittsfield; P. H. Sullivan,
Martinsburg; A. L. Galloway, Pleasant Hill; H.
L. Hadsell, Hadley; T. H. Coley, Derry; Samuel
Taylor, -Atlas; J. S. Lockwood, Pleasant Vale;
Samuel Clark, Kinderhook; Marcus Hardy,
Levee.

1879—6. W. Flynn, Detroit, Chairman; J. C.
Newton, Chambersburg; David Pyle, Flint;
N. D. McEvans, Montezuma; G. W. Rob-)(
erts, Pearl; Z. Wade, Perry; George Pratt,
Griggsville ; C. P. Chapman, Newburg ;
George Main, Hardin; C. C. Melton, Spring
Creek; Dele Elder, Fairmount; Abel Dunham,
New Salem; H. S. Lloyd, Pittsfield; P. H. Sul-
livan, Martinsburg; A. L. Galloway. Pleasant
Hill; Orrin Campbell, Hadley; T. H. Coley,
Derry; C. B. Dustin, Atlas; E. A. Crandall,
Perry; M. D. Massie, Pleasant Vale; John Clutch,
Kinderhook ; Marcus Hardy, Levee.

1880— A. L. Galloway, Pleasant Hill, Chair-
man; J. C. Newton, Chambersburg; N. D. Mc-
Evers, Montezuma ; W. D. Hanks, Pearl ; George \
Pratt, Griggsville; George Main, Hardin; Dele
Elder, Fairmount ; R. M. Murray, Pittsfield ;
John Eckes, Hadley; John Clutch, Kinderhook;
N. P. Hart, Barry ; Marcus Hardy, Levee ; J. F.
M. Meredith, Detroit; David Pyle, Flint; Asa
Hinman, Perry; C. P. Chapman, Newburg;
Francis Fowler, Spring Creek ; Abel Dunham,
New Salem ; P. H. Sullivan, Martinsburg ; T. H.
Coley, Derry ; C. B. Dustin, Atlas ; Eugene Gray,
Pleasant Vale ; C. F. Lovett, Ross.

1881— J. C. Newton, Chambersburg, Chair-

94

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

man ; Joseph Wilson, Flint ; Elisha Hayden, Mon-
tezuma ; L. W. McMahan, Griggsville ; James G.
Hayden, Hardin ; T. M. Coss, Fairmount ; Julius
Swartz, Martinsburg ; J. W. Eckes, Hadley ; C. B.
Dustin, Atlas; N. P. Hart, Barry; M. M. Aid-
rich, Cincinnati; Marcus Hardy, Levee; W. D.

yHanks, Pearl; H. D. Williams, Detroit; Asa
Hinman, Perry; C. P. Chapman, Newburg;
David Hollis, Spring Creek ; A. Dow, Pittsfield ;
A. L. Galloway, Pleasant Hill ; William Evans,
Derry; Henry Ferguson, Ross; Eugene Gray,
Pleasant Vale ; Smith Hull, Kinderhook ; W. H.
Winterbothom, New Salem.

1882 — Marcus Hardy, Levee, Chairman; Ed-
ward Irving, Chambersburg ; Joseph Wilson,
Flint; Elisha Hayden, Montezuma; W. H. Yates,
Griggsville; Harvey Weaver, Hardin; J. R.
Walker, Fairmount; A. Dow, Pittsfield; A: L.
Galloway, Pleasant Hill; T. H. Coley, Derry;
Henry Ferguson, Ross; J. H. Brammell, Pleas-
ant Vale; Smith Hull, Kinderhook; H. D. Wil-
liams, Detroit ; J. G. Phillips, Perry ; C. P. Chap-
man, Newburg ; C. C. Melton, Spring Creek ; W.
H. Winterbothom, New Salem; Julius Swartz,
Martinsburg; Solon Huntley, Hadley; Samu.l
Taylor, Atlas; N. P. Hart, Barry;. John F. Hall,
Cincinnati ; W. D. Hanks, Pearl.

1883 — Marcus Hardy, Levee, Chairman ; Ed-
ward Irving, Chambersburg; H. D. Williams.

^Detroit ; C. C. Lammy, Pearl ; William H. Yates,
Griggsville ; Harvey Weaver, Hardin ; John R.
Walker, Fairmount; Albert Fishell, Pittsfield;
A. L. Galloway, Pleasant Hill ; Clem L. Hoskins,
Derry; Henry Ferguson, Ross; J. H. Brammell,
Pleasant Vale; J. F. Hall, Cincinnati; Joseph
Wilson, Flint; Thomas N. Hall, Montezuma;
Asahel Hinman, Perry; Hardin Westlake, New-
burg ; D. H. Johnson, Spring Creek ; John Preble.
New Salem; Julius Swartz, Martinsburg; Solon
Huntley, Hadley; Thomas Fesler, Atlas; N. P.
Hart, Barry; Smith Hull, Kinderhook.

1884— Marcus Hardy, Levee, Chairman : Ed-
ward Irving. Chambersburg ; Thomas Shaw, Mar-
tinsburg ; John W. Cannon, Pleasant Hill : Wil-
liam Grammar, Hadley ; H. L- Anderson, Atlas ;
Asa Winter, Newburg ; David Benn, Hardin ; D.
Hollis. Spring Creek ; E. R. Rust, Fairmount ;
John Preble, New Salem ; H. Ferguson, Ross ;

C. L. Hoskins, Derry; J. Wilson, Flint; H. D.
Williams, Detroit ; T. N. Hall, Montezuma ; J. G.
Phillips, Perry ; Frank Hatch, Griggsville ; N. P.
Hart, Barry; H. B. Atkinson, Pleasant Vale;
Smith Hull, Kinderhook ; Daniel Caffrey, Cincin-
nati; E. F. Binns, Pittsfield; George Roberts,
Pearl.

1885— Marcus Hardy, Levee, Chairman ; Ed-
ward Irving, Chambersburg; H. D. Williams,
Detroit : Ransom Kesinger, Pearl ; W. H.
Yates, Griggsville ; William Cunningham,
Hardin; E. R. Rust, Fairmount; E. F.
Binns, Pittsfield; George Watson, Hadley;
H. L. Anderson, Atlas ; H. B. Atkinson, Pleasant
Vale ; J. F. Hall, Cincinnati ; N. F. Brown, Ross ;
John Clark, Flint ; T. N. Hall, Montezuma ; W.
S. Johns, Perry; C. P. Chapman, Newburg;
David Hollis, Spring Creek ; John Preble, New
Salem; H. T. Shaw, Martinsburg; William
Evans, Derry ; William Hoyt, Barry ; Smith
Hull, Kinderhook; A. L. Galloway, Pleasant
Vale.

J886 — E. F. Binns, Pittsfield, Chairman ; Ed-
ward Irving Chambersburg ; W. J. Smitherman,
Detroit ; R. Kesinger, Pearl ; James A. Farrand,
Griggsville ; William Cunningham, Hardin ; Dele
Elder, Fairmount; H. T. Shaw, Martinsburg;
William Grammar, Hadley ; H. L. Anderson, At-
las; T. A. Retallic, Barry; Smith Hull, Kinder-
hook ; Marcus Hardy, Levee ; John Clark, Flint :
C. E. Bolin, Montezuma ; O. F. Johns, Perry ;
C. P. Chapman, Newburg ; C. C. Melton, Spring
Creek; D. E. Donly, New Salem; A. L. Gallo-
way, Pleasant Hill; William Pryor, Derry; N.
Brown, Ross ; H. B. Atkinson, Pleasant Vale ; M.
M. Aldrich, Cincinnati.

1887— A. L. Galloway, Pleasant Hill, Chair-
man ; Edward Irving, Chambersburg ; W. J.
Smitherman, Detroit ; George Roberts, Pearl ; J.
A. Farrand, Griggsville ; D. L. -Benn, Hardin ;
Dele Elder, Fairmount; George Barber, Pitts-
field ; W. A. Peck, Hadley ; H. L. Anderson, At-
las : T. A. Retallic, Barry ; Smith Hull, Kinder-
hook ; Marcus Hardy, Levee ; John Clark, Flint ;
C. E. Bolin, Montezuma ; O. F. Johns, Perry : C.
P. Chapman, Newburg ; C. C. Melton, Spring
Creek ; W. H. Laird, New Salem : H. T. Shaw,
Martinsburg: W. H. Pryor, Derry; William

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

95

Lovett, Ross ; H. B. Atkinson, Pleasant Vale ; E.
G. Lyon, Cincinnati.

1888— H. B. Atkinson, Pkasant Vale, Chair-
man; Edward Irving, Chambersburg ; H. E. Wil-
liams, Detroit ; Ransom Kessinger, Pearl ; J. A.
Farrand, Griggsville; D. L. Benn, Hardin; Dele
Elder, Fairmount ; R. T. Hicks, Pittsfield ; I. D.
Webster,' Pleasant Hill ; W. H. Pryor, Derry ; H.
H. Duff, Ross; Smith Hull, Kinderhook; Mar-
cus Hardy, Levee ; Wallace Parker, Flint ; O. W.
Bagby, Montezuma ; O. F. Johns, Perry ; Asa
Winter, Newburg ; William Gheen, Spring Creek ;
W. H. Laird, New Salem ; H. G. Shaw, Martins-
burg ; W. A. Peck, Hadley ; H. L. Anderson, At-
las; T. A. Retallic, Barry; E. G. Lyon,
Cincinnati.

1889— H. B- Atkinson, Pleasant Vale, Chair-
man ; Ed Irving, Chambersburg ; H. E. Williams,
Detroit; A. N. Hess, Pearl; J. A. Farrand,
Griggsville; D. L. Benn, Hardin; W. D. Waters,
Fairmount; George Barber, Pittsfield; I. D. Web-
ster, Pleasant Hill; William Evans, Derry;
George Hoskins, Ross; Smith Hull, Kinderhook;
Marcus Hardy, Levee; John Clark, Flint; O. W.
Bagby, Montezuma; Asa Hinman, Perry; Asa
Winter, Newburg ; C. C. Melton, Spring Creek ;
W. H. Laird, New Salem; H. T. Shaw, Mar-
tinsburg; John McCleery, Hadley; C. R. Shaw,
Atlas; T. A. Retallic, Barry; Daniel Caffrey,
Cincinnati.

1890 — E. F. Binns, Pittsfield, Chairman; Ed
Irving, Chambersburg; W. J. Smitherman, De-
troit ; R. Kessinger, Pearl ; J. A. Farrand, Griggs-
ville ; Hayes Colvin, Hardin ; Leander Vail, Fair-
mount; H. T. Shaw, Martinsburg; John Mc-
Cleery, Hadley ; C. R. Shaw, Atlas ; John Weber,
Barry; Smith Hull, Kinderhook; Marcus Hardy,
Levee ; John Clark, Flint ; William Hess, Monte-
zuma ; O. F. Johns, Perry ; H. J. Westlake, New-
burg ; C. C. Melton, Spring Creek ; W. H. Laird,
New Salem ; I. D. Webster, Pleasant Hill ; J. R.
Easley, Derry; George Hoskins, Ross; Nelson
Morey, Pleasant Vale; H. B. Jeffries, Cincinnati.

1891— E. F. Binns, Pittsfield, Chairman; J. C.
Newton, Chambersburg ; O. F. Johns, Perry ; H.
J. Westlake, Newburg; W. D. Waters, Fair-
mount; W. A. Peck, Hadley; George Hoskins,
Ross; John Weber, Barry; Smith Hull, Kinder-

hook; William Hess, Montezuma; Hayes Colvin,
Hardin; James Cawthorn, Flint; John Clark,
Flint; Walter Scarborough, Detroit; J. A. Far-
rand, Griggsville; Asahel Duff, Spring Creek;
Ira Roberts, Pleasant Hill; J. R. Easley, Derry;
Werner Heidloff, Pleasant Vale; R. Kessinger,
Pearl; H. B. Jeffries, Cincinnati; Marcus Hardy,
Levee; C. R. Shaw, Atlas; W. H. Laird, New
Salem; H. T. Shaw, Martinsburg.

1892 — E. F. Binns, Pittsfield, Chairman; J. C.
Newton, Chambersburg; Walter Scarborough,
Detroit; A. N. Hess, Pearl; J. A. Farrand,
Griggsville ; George Main, Hardin ; W. D. Wa-
ters, Fairmount; Elliott Baker, Martinsburg;
J. R. Easley, Derry; William Bright, Barry;
Smith Hull, Kinderhook ; Marcus Hardy, Levee ;
George Hoskins, Ross; James Cawthorn, Flint;
William Hess, Montezuma ; O. F. 'Johns, Perry ;
H. J. Westlake, Newburg; Asahel Duff, Spring
Creek; W. R. Hooper, New Salem; W. A. Peck,
Hadley; T. J. Fesler, Atlas; W. Heideloff,
Pleasant Vale; George W. Klitz, Cincinnati; Ira
Roberts, Pleasant Hill.

1893— E. F. Binns, Pittsfield, Chairman; James
Cawthorn, Flint; A. N. Hess, Pearl; W. R.
Hooper, New Salem; William Bright, Barry;
George W. Klitz, Cincinnati; H. J. Westlake,
Newburg; Walter Scarborough, Detroit; Asahel
Duff, Spring Creek; M. F. Godwin, Pleasant
Hill ; Henry Young, Ross ; Thomas J. Fesler, At-
las ; F. L. Hall, Perry; William Hess, Monte-
zuma ; George Main, Hardin ; Elliot Baker, Mar-
tinsburg; Smith Hull, Kinderhook; J. R. Easley,
Derry; George W. Gerard, Chambersburg; L. W.
McMahan, Griggsville; Dele Elder, Fairmount;
Charles Johnson, Hadley; William I. Ware,
Pleasant Vale ; W. H. Griggs, Levee.

!894 — J. R. Easley, Derry, Chairman; J. L.
Cawthorn, Flint ; George Williams, Pearl ; W. R.
Hooper, New Salem ; Fred Jaritz, Martinsburg ;
William Bright, Barry ; W. P. Kennedy, Cincin-
nati; G. W. Gerard, Chambersburg; F. L. Hall,
Perry; H. J. Westlake, Newburg; Dele Elder,
Fairmount; Charles Johnson, Hadley; W. I.
Ware, Pleasant Vale ; William Hess, Montezuma ;
George Main, Hardin; Thomas N. Hall, Pitts-
field; C. I. Rupert, Atlas; Smith Hull, Kinder-
hook; Thomas Davis, Levee; W. Scarborough,

96

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Detroit; L. W. McMahan, Griggsville; Asahel
•Duff, Spring Creek; M. F. Godwin, Pleasant
Hill ; Henry Young, Ross.

1895 — John McTucker, Hadley, Chairman; J.
L. Cawthorn, Flint; G. W. Williams, Pearl; W.
R. Hooper, New Salem ; Fred Jaritz, Martins-
burg; William Bright, Barry; W. P. Kennedy,
Cincinnati; G. W. Gerard, Chambersburg ; F. L.
Hall, Perry; Alva R. Foreman, Newburg; Ed R.
Lake, Fairmount; J. R. Easley, Derry; John M.
Ross, Pleasant Vale ; William Hess, Montezuma ;
George Main, Hardin; T. N. Hall, Pittsfield; C.
I. Rupert; Smith Hull, Kinderhook; Thomas
•Davis, Levee; Nathan Sloan, Detroit; C. M. Sim-
mons, Griggsville; Asahel Duff, Spring Creek;.
M. F. Godwin, Pleasant Hill; John L. Capps,
Ross.

1896— Henry Hall, Derry, Chairman; Frank
Wade, Flint; G. W. Williams, Pearl; W. R.
Hooper, New Salem; Elliott Baker, Martinsburg;
J. G. Woolery, Barry; J. W. Smith, Cincinnati;
G. W. Gerard, Chambersburg ; F. L. Hall, Perry ;
A. R. Foreman, Newburg; E. R. Lake, Fair-
mount; John McTucker, Hadley; John M. Ross,
Pleasant Vale; William Hess, Montezuma;
George Main, Hardin ; M. R. Peckenpaugh, Pitts-
field ; C. I. Rupert, Atlas ; John McCrory, Kinder-
hook; W. H. Griggs, Levee; Nathan Sloan, De-
troit; C. M. Simmons, Griggsville; Asahel Duff,
Spring Creek; M. F. Godwin, Pleasant Hill;
J. L. Capps, Ross.

1897 — !• L. Lemon, Spring Creek, Chairman;
Frank Wade, Flint; G. W. Williams, Pearl; W.
R. Hooper, New Salem; Elliot Baker, Martins-
burg; J. G. Woolery, Barry; J. W. Smith, Cin-
cinnati; S. J. Hobbs, Chambersburg; W. T. Rey-
nolds, Perry ; A. R. Foreman, Newburg ; J. R.
Collard, Pleasant Hill; W. A. Strubinger, Derry;
H, E. Reed, Pleasant Vale ; William Hess, Mon-
tezuma ; George Main, Hardin ; M. R. Pecken-
paugh, Pittsfield ; C. I. Rupert, Atlas ; J. J. Mc-
Crory, Kinderhook ; A. D. Eckman, Levee ; Harry
Dempsey, Detroit; C. M. Simmons, Griggsville;
E. R. Lake, Fairmount; Arthur Elder, Hadley;
Henry Young, Ross ; George McFarland, Pleasant
Vale.

1898 — I. L. Lemon, Spring Creek, Chairman;
S. J. Hobbs, Chambersburg; W. T. Reynolds,

Perry; A. R. Foreman, Newburg; J. R. Collard,
Pleasant Hill ; W. A. Strubinger, Derry ; George
McFarland, Pleasant Vale; William Hess, Mon-
tezuma; William Pringle, Hardin; M. R. Peck-
enpaugh, Pittsfield; Joseph Dober, Atlas; W. P.
Kennedy, Cincinnati ; A. D. Eckman, Levee ; W.
G. Hubbard, Hadley; Harry Dempsey, Detroit;

C. M. Simons, Griggsville; E. R. Lake, Fair-
mount ; Arthur Elder, Hadley ; Henry Young,
Ross; Robert Kilpatrick, Flint; G. W. Roberts,
Pearl; D. Cover, Jr., New Salem; H. T. Shaw,
Martinsburg; Calvin Davis, Barry; J. J. Mc-
Crory, Kinderhook; C. H. Hurt, Barry.

1899—1. D. Webster, Pleasant Hill, Chairman;
Robert Kilpatrick, Flint; G. W. Roberts, Pearl;

D. Cover, Jr., New Salem; H. T. Shaw, Martins-
burg; C. H. Hurt, Barry; W. P. Kennedy, Cin-
cinnati ; S. J. Hobbs, Chambersburg ; W. T. Rey-
nolds, Perry ; A. R. Foreman, Newburg ; Thomas
J. Waters, Fairmount; W. A. Strubinger, Derry;
George McFarland, Pleasant Vale ; William Hess,
Montezuma ; William Pringle, Hardin ; M. R.
Peckenpaugh, Pittsfield; Joseph Dober, Atlas;
J. J. McCrory, Kinderhook ; A. D. Eckman,
Levee; W. Scarborough, Detroit; G. M. Smith,
Griggsville; C. C. Melton, Spring Creek; M. C.
Brown, Hadley ; Henry Young, Ross.

1900 — I. D. Webster, Pleasant Hill, Chairman;
S. J. Hobbs, Chambersburg; W. T. Reynolds,
Perry; A. R. Foreman, Newburg; T. J. Waters,
Fairmount ; W. A. Strubinger, Derry ; Geo. Mc-
Farland, Pleasant Vale ; C. E. Bolin, Montezuma ;
Hayes Colvin, Hardin; A. L. McDonald, Pitts-
field ; George Adams, Atlas ; John Walsh, Kinder-
hook ; A. D. Eckman, Levee ; W. Scarborough,
Detroit ; G. M. Smith, Griggsville ; C. C. Melton,
Spring Creek; M. C. Brown, Hadley; Henry
Young, Ross; R. Kilpatrick, Flint; G. W. Rob-
erts, Pearl; D. Cover, Jr., New Salem; H. T.
Shaw, Martinsburg; N. R. Davis, Barry; J. W.
Smith, Cincinnati.

1901—!. D. Webster, Pleasant Hill, Chairman ;
Robert Kilpatrick, Flint; G. W. Roberts, Pearl;
D. Cover, Jr., New Salem ; H. T. Shaw, Martins-
burg ; N. R. Davis, Barry ; J. W. Smith, Cincin-
nati; S. J. Hobbs, Chambersburg; J. B. Gregory,
Perry ; A. R. Foreman, Newburg ; T. J. Waters,
Fairmount ; E. T. Strubinger, Derry ; W. I. Ware,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

97

Pleasant Vale; C. E. Bolin, Montezuma ; Hayes
Colvin, Hardin; A. L. McDonald, Pittsfield ; G.
S. Adams, Atlas; John Walch, Kinderhook ; A.
D. Eckman, Levee; Samuel Williams, Detroit;
G. M. Smith, Griggsville ; Arch Wall, Spring
Creek; A. B. Wike, Hadley; Henry Young,
Ross.

1902 — C. E. Bolin, Montezuma, Chairman ; S.
J. Hobbs, Chambersburg ; J. B. Gregory, Perry;

A. R. Foreman, Newburg ; T. J. Waters, Fair-
mount ; A. B. Wike, Hadley; Henry Young,
Ross ; W. J. Garner, Atlas ; J. W. Smith, Cincin-
nati ; W. E. Allen, Levee ; N. R. Davis, Barry ;
Robert Burbridge, Hardin; John Biddle, Flint;
Samuel Williams, Detroit; G. M. Smith, Griggs-
ville; Arch Wall, Spring Creek; I. D. Webster,
Pleasant Hill; E. T. Strubinger, Derry ; W. I.
Ware, Pleasant Vale ; John Walch, Kinderhook ;
William Shinn, Martinsburg; John Seigle, Pitts-
field; D. Cover, Jr., New Salem; J. H. Stillwell,
Pearl.

1903 — C. E. Bolin, Montezuma, Chairman ;
John Biddle, Flint; Robert Burbridge, Hardin;
John Seigle, Pittsfield ; W. J. Garner, Atlas ; John
Walch, Kinderhook; J. W. Stead, Griggsville;
Arch Wall, Spring Creek ; A. B. Wike, Hadley ;
Werner Heidloff, Pleasant Vale ; E. B. Tolbert ;
Chambersburg ; W. T. Reynolds, Perry ; Thomas
Troutner, Ross ; J. H. Stillwell, Pearl ; D. Cover,
Jr.. New Salem ; W. T. Shinn, Martinsburg ; X.
R. Davis. Barry ; J. W. Smith, Cincinnati ; A. R.
Foreman, Newburg; M. F. Godwin, Pleasant
Hill; E. T. Strubinger, Derry; T. E. Aldrich,
Levee: G. W. Seybold, Fairmount ; S. Williams,
Detroit.

1904 — C. E. Bolin. Montezuma, Chairman ; E.

B. Tolbert, Chambersburg ; W. T. Reynolds, Per-
ry; A. R. Foreman. Newburg; G. W. Seybold,
Fairmount ; A. B. Wike, Hadley ; Thomas Trout-
ner. Ross: G. W. Darrah. Flint; Robert Bur-
bridge, Hardin ; John Seigle, Pittsfield : W. D.
Miller. Atlas: John Walch, Kinderhook; T. E.
Aldrich, Levee ; Samuel Williams, Detroit ; J. W.
Stead, Griggsville ; Arch Wall, Spring Creek ; M.
F. Godwin. Pleasant Hill; E. T. Strubinger.
Derry ; W. Heidloff. Pleasant Vale ; J. S. Crow-
der. Pearl ; S. B. Peacock, New Salem ; W. T.
Shinn, Martinsburg ; N. R. Davis, Barry ; G. W.
Lowe, Cincinnati.

1905 — Samuel Williams, Detroit, Chairman;
G. W. Darrah, Flint; Smith Crowder, Pearl; S.
B. Peacock, New Salem; W. T. Shinn, Martins-
burg; N. R. Davis, Barry; G. W. Lowe, Cincin-
nati; John Wilson, Fairmount; Harry Peck,
Hadley; E. T. Strubinger, Derry; Henry A.
Ham, Chambersburg; J. S. Felmly, Griggsville;
M. F. Godwin, Pleasant Hill ; C. E. Bolin, Mon-
tezuma ; Robert Burbridge, Hardin ; John Seigle,
Pittsfield; W. D. Miller, Atlas; John Walch,
Kinderhook ; T. E. Aldrich, Levee ; Thomas
Troutner, Ross ; C. C. Dewell, Pleasant Vale ; A.
L. Kiser, Newburg ; W. T. Reynolds, Perry ; A.
F. Turnbaugh, Spring Creek.

PIKE COUNTY OFFICIALS.

Pike county circuit clerks have been James
Whitney— My Lord Coke, 1821-5; George W.
Hight, 1825-7; William Ross, 1827-35; James
Davis, 1835 ; John J. Lombaugh, 1835-43 ; P. N.
O. Thompson, 1843-52 ; James Kenney, 1852-6 ;
•W. R. Archer, 1856-60; George W. Jones, 1860-4,
1876-80; J. H. Crane, 1864-8; J. J. Topliff,
1868-72; J. A. Rider, 1872-6; W. R. Wilson,
1880-4; E. R. Motley, 1884-8; George W.
Archer, 1888-1896; Henry Bowers, 1896-1904;
J. E. Dinsmore, 1904.

The county clerks were: J. W. Whitney, 1821 ;
George W. Britton, 1825-6; William Ross,
1826-34; James Davis, 1834-8; Asa D. Cooper,
1836; William D. Boling, 1838-43; Henry T.
Mudd, 1843-7; J°hn J- Collard, 1847-9; p«ter v-
Shankland, 1849-53 ; Austen Barber, 1853-7 ;Stro-
ther Griggsby, 1857-61; William Stears, 1861-9;
William B. Grimes, 1869-73; J- L- Fl7e. ^73-?',
E. F. Binns, 1877-81; C. I. Swan, 1881-6; V.
A. Grimes, 1886-98; J. R. Gicker, 1898. Only
four of the circuit clerks and five of the county
clerks are living.

The county has had seventeen circuit and
eighteen county clerks from 1821 to 1905, and I
knew all but seven of them.

The county has had the following school super-
intendents : 'j. G. Pettingill, 1865] John N. De-
well, 1869 ; "j. W. 7ohnson. 1873 ; William H.
Crow, 1877: R. M. Hitch. 1886; W. R. Hatfield,
1894; J. B. Gragg, 1897; Miss Caroline Grote,
present incumbent.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The following served as school commissioners :
Joseph H. Goodin, 1832; Lyman Scott, 1833;
D. B. Bush, 1841 ; T. G. Trumbull, 1845 ; James
F. Hyde, 1849; M. H. Abbott, 1851; John D.
Thomson, 1853; Joseph J. Topliff, 1859; J. G.
Pettingill, 1861.

The county has had the following surveyors:
Stephen Dewey, 1821-24; James W. Whitney,
1824; Charles Pollock, 1834; David Johnston,
1835-39; Joseph Goodin, 1839; David Johnston,
1841-49; James H. Ferguson, 1849; A. G. Cham-
berlain, 1853; H. P. Buchanan, 1857; John A.
Harvey, 1859; Hiram J. Harris, 1863; Isaac A.
Clare, 1875: George H. Whittaker, 1882; Jesse
Bowen, 1895; M. Z. Smith, 1900; H. H. Hardy,
1905.

Pike county's coroners have been as follows:
Daniel Whipple, 1822; Israel N. Burt, 1832;
Benjamin E. Dunning, 1834; Stephen St. John,
1838; James Brown, 1842; C. H. Brown, 1844;
Cyrus B. Hull, 1846; Edward Connet, 1850; R.
S. Underwood, 1852 ; Samuel Sitton, 1854 ; Wil-
liam Benn, 1856; H. St. John, 1857; Lewis E.
Hayden, 1858; G. W. Molinix, 1860; Eli Farris,
1862; Sherman Brown, 1868; Martin Camp,
1872; Martin V. Shive, 1874; A. C. Peebles,
1876; Fred Ottowa, 1879; L. N. Ferris, 1880;
J. Windmiller, 1884; John Morton, 1888; D. P.
H. Marshall, 1892; Daniel Weeks, 1896; I. L.
Lemon, 1900; L. J. Huntley, 1904.

Pike county has had the following treasurers :
Nathaniel Shaw, 1821 and 1825 ; Nathaniel
Hinckley, 1822 ; Leonard Ross, 1823 ; Henry J.
Ross, 1824; John Ross, 1827-9; Isaac Vandeven-
ter, 1829-34; John Barney, 1834-7; John Britton,
1838; Jones Clark, 1839-43 and 1850; William
Watson, 1843-7; Samuel L. Crane, 1847-9 and
1850; Charles Mason, 1849; William T. Harper,
1851-3 ; Strother Griggsby, 1853-63 ; R. A. Mc-
Clintock, 1863-5; David S. Hill, 1865-7; L- J-
Smitherman, 1867-71 ; Thomas Gray, 1871-3 ;
David Hollis, 1873-5 ', Thomas Reynolds, 1875-7 '<
R. M. Murray, 1877-9; B- W. Flinn, 1879-84;
Addison Cadwell, 1884-8; Thomas H. Coley,
1888-92; Jacob Windmiller, 1892-6; Thomas H.
Ward, 1896-1900; Daniel L. Weeks, 1900-4;
A. L. McDannold, present incumbent.

Twenty-eight in all, twenty of whom I knew.

All but six have joined the silent majority. The
first treasurer received $765, and the others have
handled from $5,000 to $50,000 a year. One of
the first probate judges received only $16.60 as
salary. Money was scarce and doubtless court
business was light.

"My Lord Coke" was the money maker in
1822. He received $50 as sheriff, $30 for circuit
clerk, $30 for clerk of the commissioner's court,
and $50 as probate judge, $160 in all. David
Dutton, one of the first commissioners of Pike
county, received a small compensation, and was a
resident here for nearly forty years. He died in
New Canton in 1854, perhaps the richest man on
the west side.

Pike county has had the following sheriffs :
Rigdon C. Fenton, 1821 ; Leonard Ross, 1822 to
1829; Levi Huntley, 1827; Nathaniel Hinckley,
1832; J. W. Seeley, whig, 1831 to 1838; Alfred
Grubb, democrat, 1840; Ephraim Cannon, demo-
crat, 1842, 1844; D. D. Hicks, democrat, 1846;
S. R. Gray, ind. democrat, 1850; Elisha Hurt,
whig, 1852; G. T. Edwards, whig, 1854;
W. S. Dennis, democrat, 1856; John Hous-
ton, democrat, 1858; Joshua Woosley, dem-
ocrat, 1860; P. H. Davis, democrat, 1862; J. B.
Landrum, democrat, 1864 ; W. G. Hubbard, dem-
ocrat, 1866; J. J. Manker, democrat, 1868:
Joseph McFarland, democrat, 1870, 1872 ; A.
Simpkins, democrat, 1874, 1882; E. W. Blades,
democrat, 1876, 1884 ; Theo. Kellogg, republican,
1878; J. Windmiller, democrat, 1886; M. H.
Darrah, democrat, 1890; Sam Knox, democrat,
1892; P. P. Johnson, democrat, 1896; G. W.
Smith, present incumbent.

Just half of the number named are living. I
personally knew all but five. All were compe-
tent and able officials, and laid down their offices
at the expiration of their terms with general sat-
isfaction to the public.

Pike county has had two members of congress :
Scott Wike, three terms and W. E. Williams.
one term. The county has had the following
presidential electors: William A. Grimshaw,
Thomas Worthington, jr., and A. C. Matthews.
Mr. Grimshaw was the messenger to take the
state vote to Washington.

Alex. Starn and O. M. Hatch were secretaries

COUNTY JAIL

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

101

of state. W. R. Archer, Harvey Dunn, W. A.
Grimshaw and Montgomery Blair were members
of the constitutional convention of 1847. Alex.
xStarn of 1862 and W. R. Archer of 1870.

The state senators from Pike county were
Henry J. Ross, William Ross, Thomas
Worthington, Sr., Hugh L. Sutphin, Solomon
Parsons, J. M. Bush, W. R. Archer, J.
W. Johnson and Harry Higbee. The fol-
lowing were members of the Illinois house of
representatives : N. Hanson, John Shaw, Leo
Roberts, H. J. Ross, John Turney, Joel Wright,
William Ross, Solomon Parsons, Parvin Paulen,
William Blair, Adolph Wheeler, B. D. Brown,
Richard Kerr, Oscar Long, Alfred Grubb, James
McWilliams, Alex. Starn, William P. Harpole,
James M. Higgins, Tyre Jennings, O. M. Hatch,
Hugh L. Sutphin, C. L. Higbee, J. L. Grimes,
Gilbert J. Shaw, W. R. Archer; Scott Wike, J.
H. Dennis, A. Mittower, Charles Kenney, Albert
Landrum, M. D. Massie, A. C. Matthews, J. L.
Underwood, Thos, Worthington, jr., H. D. L.
Griggsby, A. Dow, W. I. Klein, F. L. Hall, T. A.
Retallic, A. G. Crawford, I. D. Webster. Out
of forty-two only ten are living who were in the
general assembly from 1820 to 1905.

The county has had the following circuit
judges: C. L. Higbee, A. C. Matthews, Jeffer-
son Orr, Harry Higbee; and the following pro-
bate or county judges : James Ward, Charles
Harrington, Alfred Grubb, John W. Allen, R. M.
Atkinson, Strother Griggsby, Edward Doocy,
William B. Grimes, B. F. Bradburn. Judges of
the appellate court: C. L. Higbee and Harry
Higbee.

THE PIKE COUNTY BAR.

The county was originally in the first judicial
circrit and has ever been prominent in this great
state. Some of the greatest and most famous men
of the state and nation have practiced at this bar.
namely : Abraham Lincoln, "the greatest man
who ever came in the tide of time ;" Stephen A.
Douglas, "the little giant of Illinois;" General
E. D. Baker, "the superb orator ;" General John J.
Hardin, a martyr of the Mexican war; Milton
Hay, Pike county's steadfast friend; O. H.

Browning, a member of Lincoln's cabinet ; Ne-
hemiah Bushnell, a great United States court
lawyer; Governor Richard Yates, the war gov-
ernor ; Samuel D. Lockwood ; Lyman Trumbull ;
W. A. Richardson ; Calvin A. Warren ; Murray
McConnell ; Arch Williams ; Jackson Grimshaw ;
Daniel H. Gilmer ; I. N. Morris ; Z. N. Garbutt ;
Alfred Grubb ; Joseph Kline ; William R. Archer ;
William A. Grimshaw; R. M. Atkinson; J. L.
Dobbin ; James S. Irwin ; James F. Greathouse ;
H. D. L. Griggsby ; Thomas Worthington ; J. L.
Underwood ; S. V. Hayden ; J. M. Bush ; Chaun-
cey L. Higbee; Scott Wike; and D. B. Bush, who
was a member of the bar in Massachusetts in 1814
and came here in 1836. All of the above have
passed away save J. M. Bush, Thomas Worthing-
ton and S. V. Hayden.

The present Pike county bar is as follows:
Judge Harry Higbee, Joseph M. Bush, A. C.
Matthews,' Jtefrerson Orr, A. G. Crawford, Ed-
ward Doocy, William Mumford, W. E. Williams,
A. Clay Williams, B. T. Bradburn, Paul F.
Grote, Ray N. Anderson, A. C. Bentley, H. T.
Bush, Edward Yates, W. H. Crow, J. W. Stauf-
fer, L. T. Graham, George C. Weaver, Edwin
Johnson, Mark Bradburn, J. D. Hess, Frank Du-
lany, W. I. Klein and George Hinman. A little
of the prominence of some of these disciples of
Blackstone is interesting now and will be more so
as time wings its flight. Harry Higbee was several
times state se'nator and twice elected circuit judge.
J. M. Bush was United States commissioner, state
senator, and for a quarter of a century was mas-
ter in chancery. A. C. Matthews was a colonel
in the Civil war, collector internal revenue, for
six years supervisor of internal revenue for the
states of Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan, from
1875 until the office was abolished, three times a
member of the Illinois legislature and was speaker
of the thirty-sixth general assembly, was circuit
judge and comptroller of the United States treas-
ury under President Harrison. Jefferson Orr has
been state's attorney and circuit judge; Edward
Doocy has been county judge and master in chan-
cery. W. E. Williams, state's attorney and a
member of congress ; A. Clay Williams, state's
attorney; B. T. Bradburn, county judge; A. C.
Bentley, master in chancery ; Mark Bradburn,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

state's attorney; W. I. Klein, a member of the
Illinois legislature; W. H. Crow, master in chan-
cery, the other gentlemen have fame before them,
and Richelieu said: "In the bright lexicon of
youth there is no such word as fail," and an old
lawyer once said: "Use what talent you possess.
The woods would be very silent if no bird sung
there but those which^'can sing best."

Pike county's first circuit court was held at
Cole's Grove, October i, 1821, and the following
have been the judges in the eighty-five years that
have passed : Hon. John Reynolds was a supreme
judge when he held court at Atlas about 1822 ;
Hon. John Y. Sawyer was the first circuit judge
to hold court in this county in 1825 ; Hon. Rich-
ard M. Young was judge till 1837, when he re-
signed to accept a seat in the United States
senate; Hon. James H. Ralston served in 1837,
but in August of the same year he resigned on
account of ill health; Hon. Peter Lott was in
office till 1841 ; Hon. S. A. Douglas was elected
by the legislature in 1841, and served until he
was elected to congress in 1843; Hon. Jesse B.
Thomas was appointed in 1843 ! Hon. Norman
H. Purple was elected in 1845 and held until
1849 ; Hon. W. A. Minshall was elected in May,
1849, ar>d held till his death, October, 1851 ; Hon.
O. C. Skinner succeeded Judge Minshall and held
the office until May, 1853; Hon. Pinckney H.
Walker was in office until 1858, when he was ap-
pointed to fill a vacancy on the supreme bench ;
Hon. John S. Bailey served three years ; Hon.
Chauncey L. Higbee was elected in 1861 for a
term of six years and was three times re-elected,
making nearly twenty-four years of consecutive
service therein. He departed this life December
7, 1884. He was one of the purest and most
learned of jurists, was wise in counsel, learned
and upright in decision, on. A. C. Matthews
was appointed in 1885 to fill out the unexpired
term of the late Judge Higbee. Hon. S. P. Shope
was elected judge of this district in 1877. Hon.
Charles J. Schofield was judge for six years.
Hon. Jefferson Orr served from 1889 to 1895.
Hons. J. C. Broady, John H. Williams and Oscar
Bonney held court here frequently. The present
incumbents are Hon. Harry Higbee, resident
judge, who is on his second term, Hon. Albert

Akers and T. N. Mehan. All have been able
and of great legal ability, and have added much to
the jurisprudence of the old first judicial circuit.

The prosecuting attorneys have been as fol-
lows : In the early days the attorney general of
the state acted as prosecuting attorney and later
each circuit was given an attorney, while in 1872
each county was given one. These were Thomas
Ford, J. H. Ralston and J. J. Hardin from about
1826 to 1835 ; in 1837 W. A. Richardson, best
known as old Dick, an old-time democratic war
horse, six times a member of congress, and gov-
ernor of Nebraska under President Buchanan ;
Henry L. Bryant, in 1839; William Elliott till
1848; Robert S. Blackwell, 1848 to 1852; Mr.
Blackwell was a great lawyer, an old-time spell-
binder on the stump ;^Harmon G. Reynolds, Wil-
liam C. Goudy and Calvin A. Warren from 1852
to 1854; John S. Bailey till 1858; L. H. Waters
in 1860, who entered the civil war and became
colonel of the eighty-fourth Illinois, it being re-
lated of him that when he came to Springfield in
1865 with his regiment for muster out, that the
only citizen that met him at the depot was a
butcher and the proprietor of a "hand me down,"
who wanted to sell "cheap cloding" and blue
beef. The boys all say "Lew" was a good officer.
Daniel H. Gilmer, Thomas E. Morgan and Wil-
liam R. Archer served as attorneys pro tem from
1860 to 1862. Mr. Morgan and L. W. James
were the last under the old law. When each
county was given a prosecuting attorney, Jeffer-
son Orr was elected in 1873 and 1876; J. W.
Johnson in 1880, and H. C. Johnson in 1884. W.
E. Williams served from 1887 to 1892 and was
afterwards a member of congress from this coun-
ty. A. Beavers served one term ; A. Clay Wil-
liams was elected in 1896 and 1900; M. S. Brad-
burn in 1904 being the present incumbent.

The masters in chancery have been J. Merrick
Bush from 1860 to 1885, and his successors have
been W. H. Crow, A. C. Bentley and Edward
Doocy.

CHURCH HISTORY OF PIKE COUNTY.

The first sermon preached in Chambersburg
township was at the house of Rachel Brown by

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

103

'Rev. John Medford, a Methodist, and the first
Sunday-school was by the Methodists in the town
of Chambersburg. The Christians and Baptists
are also well represented by a host of good citi-
zens. Flint has Methodist, Baptist and Christian
churches, and the worshipers are devout and
worthy citizens. Detroit has six churches:
Christian, Methodist Episcopal South, Methodist,
Presbyterian, Baptist and Missionary Baptist.
Montezuma township has the towns of Milton,
Montezuma and Bedford, which each have
Christian and Methodist houses of worship with
good membership. Pearl has a Trinity Metho-
dist Episcopal church and a Christian church.
Both societies are in a flourishing condition. The
first church was built in 1867. Perry has a
Methodist church organized in 1832, with such
noted old pioneers as B. L. Matthews and wife,
G. W. Hinman and wife and ten others. The
Christian church was organized in 1837. In
1879 a committee consisting of Jon Shastid,
Alex Dorsey and seven others erected a gothic
style church at a cost of about four thousand dol-
lars. Zion church was erected in 1852. The
Lutheran church was organized in 1859. Griggs-
ville has six churches. The Baptist church was
organized in 1834, and their first house of wor-
ship was finished in 1840. In 1873 the old church
was torn down and a brick edifice costing about
two thousand dollars was erected. The First
Methodist society was called the Atlas mission in
1830, with the great Peter Cartright as presiding
elder. The regular church was organized in 1835
by the Rev. William Hunter. The Congrega-
tional church was organized February 16, 1837.
Hinman Chapel Methodist Episcopal church was
organized in 1844; the United Brethren church in
1842, and the church of Christ in 1874. Newburg
has a Bethel church built by the Methodists.

Hardin has a Methodist and two Christian
churches. Spring Creek has, in the town of Nebo,
a Baptist church and the Regular Predestinarian
Baptist. The societies were formed in 1862 and
1863. Fairmount has the United Brethren, Pres-
byterian, Methodist and Christian churches. New
Salem lias a Universalist church and Methodist,
also Methodist, Presbyterian and United Breth-
ren churches in Baylis. Pittsfield has a Congre-

gational church. Its first house of worship was
built in 1838 and its second in 1846. They now
have one of the largest edifices, erected several
years ago. The Christian church is one of mod-
ern style and has, perhaps, the largest membership
of any in the county. The Methodists also have
a large and substantial church, erected in 1876.
The Baptist church was organized in 1839. St.
Stephen's Episcopal was built in 1852. The
Roman Catholic church was built in 1869. There
is also a Presbyterian church, a German Metho-
dist and a church of the Latter Day Saints. Mar-
tinsburg has a Methodist and a Christian church.
Pleasant Hill has a Baptist, Methodist and Chris-
tian church. Hadley has several church organ-
izations and their meetings are held in some of the
commodious school buildings of the township.
Derry had a Methodist society in 1829, and in 1830
the renowned Lorenzo Dow preached there and
baptized two persons. The town of Eldara has a
Methodist and a Christian church. Atlas has a
Congregational church at Summer Hill, also at
Atlas ; a Methodist church at Rockport and Gilgal.
Barry has a Methodist, Baptist and Christian
church, and all three churches are large and com-
modious edifices, each with large memberships.
Pleasant Vale has at New Canton a Methodist and
Union church, the latter occupied by the Christian
society. Cincinnati has Wike chapel, a Methodist
church. Kinderhook has a Baptist and Metho-
dist church in the town and the Akers chapel,
a Methodist Episcopal church, and a Methodist
and Baptist church at Hull. Levee has a Metho-
dist Episcopal church near Spencer Switch. The
wonderful and famous Lorenzo Dow and Peter
Cartright several times preached on the west side
of the county, notably at" Atlas, Derry and Pleas-
ant Vale. This church history is not as complete
as desired, but the cause is that so few of the
church societies have kept records.

"By ourselves our lives are fed,
With sweet or bitter daily bread."

Pike county men who went to California in
1849, 1850, 1851 and 1852 were as follows: From

104

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Detroit : John J. Mudd, John Haddican, Andy
Work, Dr. George C. Harris, Wash Harris, Neal
Peckenpaugh, J. K. Sitton, James Rush, James
Dinsmore, James Stoner, John Marcus, William
Meredith, Woodson Meredith, James Meredith, J.
Brown, Ben Hayden, Elisha Hayden, Asa Hay-
den, Jack Tucker, Alex Blake, William Stack-
pole, Zack Ownby, Thomas Ownby, Sam Fry,
Henry Ingils and wife, Henry <Kiser and wife
and Joseph W. Ingles ; from Montezuma : B. F.
Stewart, James Stewart, Burl McPherson, Joe
McCrary, William Lester, John Nation, Dr. Clein-
mons, Dan Crawford, Joel Mechan, James Het-
terick and wife, W. Zumalt and W. B. Grimes,
from Hardin : David Porter, Samuel G. Sitton,
David Sitton, Ruben Hendricks, Marsh Dins-
more, William Dinsmore, Johnson Brace, Lince
Johnson, George Kent, Samuel Hendj^cks, Riley
Johnson, Ben Barney and John Kiser; from Pitts-
field: Dewitt Castle, George Abbott, Alfred Mil-
ler, William Thompson, Hamilton Wills, Norton
Bates, Ervin Davis, Mr. McElroy, Marshall Dut-
ton, Henry St. John, N. E. Quinby and Jones
Clark ; from Barry :. George Griffith, L. Brown,
Barton Alkire, Josiah Alkire, William Israel,
Grant Israel, Jack Brown, Henry Brown, William
Hedger, John Brown, Elijah McAtee, Elisha
Hurt, Major Donaldson and Jackson Jennings;
from Griggsville : James Elledge, Uriah Elledge,
Dan Elledge, George Coss, William Jones, old
Mr. Fessenden and son, Captain May, Enos
Parks and John McWilliams; from Pearl: Wil-
liam Wheeler, Peter Kessinger, William \yinne-
ger and William Leper ; from Newburg'T David
Gibson, James Gibson, Holly Rose, Henry Rob-
inson, Nathan Kelly, George Godwin, Abe Liv-
ingston and Fred Stone; from New Canton:
Amos Morey, J. H. Talbart, P. H. Davis, Wil-
liam Weir, Harrison Brown, W. H. Uppinghouse,
Henry Havens, Peter Bully, Aura Brown, Walk
Neely, Joseph Mygatt, John Emerson, Samuel
Taylor, L. G. Hosford, James Dutton, John H.
Brammell, Orin Parkis, Frank Tittswirth, Clark
Churchill, Ed Tryon, C. T. Brewster, Orin
Shearer, Sam Dowden, Manly Barney, Henry
Dobbins, George Stanley, James Speed, Jo Stan-
ley, William Flippen, Horace Palmer, Jay Green,
John Cartright, William Handlin, Moses Sam-

uels, Tom Cravens, William Redmond, Arnold
Woodward, William Fugate, Hugh Barker, Isaac
Williams, Horace Garrison, Hardin Havard, Ru-
ben Griggsby and Moses Waggoner; from El-
dara: In 1848, W. Isaiah Cooper, John Cooper
and George Wood, in 1849, Sam Blackwood,
Sam Watson, George Roberts, William Lippin-
cott, Nathan Paulin, Ben Newnham and family,
James Harris, Henry Hazelrigg, Sam Steele, H.
R. Wood, Henry Taylor, J. L. Underwood, James
Caldwell, Isaiah Cooper, William Crozier, Simon
Crozier, William Crozier, Jr., William P., George
W. and Pleasant M. Freeman, Charles Foreman,
in 1850 William Chamberlin, Peter Carey, Carlisle
Burbridge, Isaac Holman, George Hoover, Sam
Hoover, John Sigsworth, Ben Dolbow, Jake
Swerengen, Nathan Kendall, in 1852, Joe Lip-
pincott, David Lippincott, T. W. Martin, Oliver
Martin, William Snyder, George W. Underwood,
Jehu Wood, John Bowers, Ed Bowers, Phil
Crowder and son, David Crowder, P. T. Dickin-
son, Maybery Evans, William H. Johnson, in
1854 William Veal and family, William Corner
and family, John Keezee, John R. Newnham, Wil-
liam Evans, Tilford B. Taylor, Thomas Taylor,
L. N. Worsham and Robert Little ; from Pleasant
Hill: H. Weaver, George Roberts, James Goff,
Ched B. Lewis, William Ward and Peter Carey.
The above list of the Pike county argonauts is
not as complete as it should be, but upon reflec-
tion, over a half century has passed since the trip
was made overland, and it took long and tedious
months crossing the plains, beset with many dan-
gers and much suffering and loss of life. There
is a new generation now and the old Californians
are not in their thoughts. Many of the gold seek-
ers left their bones to bleach on the then great
American desert. The gold fever excitement and
the Civil war were the most costly in lives and
treasure of any thing in American history. Only
about six of the returned Californians are living
in 1906.

BANKS AND BANKERS.

In the old times banks were not known, as
coon skins and beeswax were in many cases the
medium of exchange, but later when the stage

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

105

coach and the mail service were inaugurated
money became a necessity, and the old picayune
six and a quarter cents;' and the old bit or twelve
and one-half cents, and wild cat paper circulated
and then the Spanish mill dollar, and occasionally
some American silver. Then came a deluge of
"shinplaster" paper, promises to pay, that in most
instances were a delusion to the holder. This un-
satisfactory condition of the "root of all evil"
lasted until the Civil war, since which time the
"money question" is one of entire satisfaction to
all. Pike county has banks in many of the towns
and they have been a great aid in all business
transactions. The first bank in the county was
at Pittsfield in an early day, established by Colo-
nel Ross and others. The old-time note shavers
and sidewalk brokers have come down through
the ages and are still with us. The county in
1906 had fifteen banks as follows:

Barry, the First National, with T. A. Retallic
president, and O. Williamson, cashier ; Baylis, the
Farmers' Bank, with S. T. Grammar, presi-
dent, and R. Y. Barnes, cashier ; Chambersburg,
the Farmers' Exchange, J. M. Chenoweth presi-
dent, and H. B. Dennis, cashier ; Griggsville, the
Griggsville National, with B. F. Newman presi-
dent, and E. S. Hoyt, cashier ; and Illinois Val-
ley Bank, with A. Dunham president, and F. H.
Farrand, cashier ; Hull, the First International
Bank, with J. W. Sperry president, and' W. W.
Somers, cashier ; Milton, the Exchange Bank,
with C. E. Bolin, president, and C. E. Bolin, cash-
ier; Nebo, the Minier Brothers, with T. L. Minier
president, and C. Armentrout, cashier ; and the
Bank of Nebo. with R. R. Pollock president, and
Roy Pollock, cashier; New Canton, Bank of
New Canton, with H. B. Atkinson, and
J. R. Easley, cashier; Pearl, the Bank of
Pearl, with C. A. Manker president, and C. A.
Manker, cashier; Perry, the Perry State Bank,
with W. H. Wilson president, and Robert Greg-
ory, cashier; Pittsfield, the First National Bank,
with Harry Higbee president, and R. T. Hicks,
cashier : and the Farmers' State Bank, with
Lewis Dutton president, and Ross Matthews,
cashier; Pleasant Hill, the Citizens' Bank, with
N. R. Shultz president, and C. C. Thomas,
cashier.

NEWSPAPERS OF PIKE COUNTY.

The first newspaper was started in 1842 by
Michael J. Noyes in Pittsfield and named The
Sucker & Farmers Record, which was followed
by the Free Press, Journal, Old Flag, Radical,
Morning Star, Sentinel, Banner, People's Advo-
cate and Herald, all at Pittsfield; at Barry, the
Enterprise, Observer, Unicorn, Greenback and
Breeze ; at Perry, The News and Paragraph ; at
Hull, The Breeze; at Griggsville, The Reflector;
at Milton, The Beacon and Advocate; at New
Canton, the Mail, News and Advance. They are
papers of the past, gone but not forgotten. The
publications in 1906 are in Pittsfield, the Pike
County Democrat, started in 1857. I" I86S» J- M.
Bush became editor and owner, running the paper
for nearly forty years. It is now managed by
William and J. M. Bush, Jr. The Pike County
Republican was started by S. T. Donahue about
1896, and is now edited and owned by Burr H.
Swan. The Pike County Times, started in 1895,
is owned and edited by A. C. Bentley and C. W.
Caughlin. Griggsville has the Press, with E. E.
Williamson, editor; the Herald, with Arden
Northrup, editor. Perry has the Citizen, edited
by Six & Bro. Milton has the Beacon, with H. T.
Humm as editor ; Barry has the Adage, with A. E.
Hess as editor and owner; the Record, owned and
edited by the .Record Publishing Co. Pleasant
Hill has the Messenger, with C. R. Barnes as ed-
itor. Hull has the Enterprise, with H. C. Sperry
as editor. Baylis has the Guide, with G. R.
Haines as editor. Nebo 'has the Banner, with
Truman Dinsmore as editor. New Canton has the
Press, with C. L. 'Hopkins as editor and owner.
These papers are all well managed, have good
patronage and are welcome weekly visitors to
many homes. Their subscribers are very numer-
ous all over the west as Pike county people are
to be found in all the western states, and the old
home papers are like a letter from home.

STEAMBOATING.

In the days of steamboating the Illinois river
was a great outlet and inlet for the east side of
the countv and the river steamers that were so

io6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

useful are now recalled : the Post Boy, Lady Lee,
Calhoun, Time and Tide, North Star, Peoria,
Belle of Pike, Regulator, Fanny Keener and many
others. Captain Samuel Rider, Captain Abrams
and Dan Bates are well remembered by passen-
gers and shippers. Many times freight would be
left at the various landings for several days,
awaiting shipment because the steamers had not
sufficient tonnage for the vast quantities that were
offered. Pittsfield had a plank road to Florence
and it made the latter place one of the large re-
ceiving and shipping points, but when the rail-
roads came they soon made the rosy, glorious
days of river traffic vanish and now they are
only a memory. On the Illinois river Griggs-
ville Landing, Florence, Montezuma and Bedford
were the principal shipping points, while on the
Mississippi river the points were Douglasville,
opposite Hannibal, Missouri, Cincinnati and
Scott's Landings. The business of Pike county
farmers and business men on the two rivers up to
the time that railroads took the trade were im-
mense as the crops were nearly always abundant,
and our industrious and active citizens have ever
been alert in grasping the opportunities that have
mad.e the county so great.

Like a pleasant dream the good old days of
steamboating pass in review, and the realty of
those halcyon times will appeal vividly to the
older citizens who remember the floating palaces
that were to be seen daily between St. Louis and
Keokuk. Many were real palaces finished in
white, blue and gold, with beautiful pictures on
the stateroom doors, and fore and aft painting
of some city or historical scene. The steamers
those days cost from $60,000 to $80,000 and often
more, and a trip on one of those commodious
and tastefully equipped steamers, either for busi-
ness or pleasure, will never be forgotten by those
who enjoyed it in the wonderful past.

A list of the old-time boats and their very ca-
pable, affable and courteous captains will interest
many along the great Mississippi river, as well as
those here, who will recall the names with pleas-
urable recollections. The list will embrace about
all the freight and passenger boats since the time
of the organization of the St. Louis & Keokuk
Packet Co., which was a power in its time, and

assisted in making the great river the commer-
cial artery for all the vast valley of the Mississippi.

The Boreas, the boat that will never be for-
gotton, as it was the only one that had a high
pressure engine that could be heard for five miles
and was a fright to animals.

The low pressure boats were the Ocean Wave,
Edward Bates, Kate Kearney, Die Vernon, Mary
Stephens, Sheridan, New England, Regulator,
Lucy Bertram, Golden Era, Jennie Deans, Han-
nibal City, Quincy, Warsaw, Keokuk, City of
Louisiana, Mollie McPike, Sam Gaty, Des
Moines, Golden Eagle, Gray Eagle, Bon Accord,
J. H. Johnson, Andy Johnson, Rob Roy, Min-
nesota, St. Paul, Gem City, Tom Jasper, Denmark
and Atlas. The two last named sank near Cincin-
nati Landing and were never raised. The Atlas
had 100 barrels of whisky in the hull, and after
the upper works were removed, attempts were
made to get the whisky but with no success. The
knowing ones assert that the hull and contents
were buried in the sand and could the whisky be
be saved it would be worth more money than
the article ever sold for. The island called Atlas
and Denmark is now over the wrecks.

The old-time captains were Meal Cameron,
Chas. Dean, Rufus Ford, A. Berzie, J. H. John-
son, Flem Calvert, John W. Malin, R. J. Whit-
tedge,' Frank Burnett, David Asbury, C. Alford,
J. W. Gunn, H. W. Brolaski, I. Matson, Moses
Hall, John Hamilton, and Lyman Scott. The
latter was not in command very long, as he was
a prohibitionist and removed the bar on his boat,
and as the public would not stand for that he
was soon removed.

All the boats had bars, and they were kept till
the Diamond Jo line of boats superseded the old
Keokuk line, when they were all removed. A few
years later the railroads on both sides of the
river captured the river business, and now, in-
stead of seeing from five to ten boats every day
plowing the old Father of Waters, laden with
freight and passengers, two or three a week is all
that is to be seen. All the glory and profit of the
palmy days is only a memory.

In those days, especially in the pork packing
seasons, from fifty to one hundred teams a day
from Barrv, Kinderhook and New Canton, would

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

107

go to Cincinnati Landing, where the pork, lard
and bulk meats, wheat and corn would be stored
till the river opened. It was frequently the case
that the bank of the river would have ricked up
from 3,000 to 5,000 barrels of pork and lard, and
as much as 50,000 pieces of bulk meat in the
warehouses. Large quantities of hay were also
shipped. It was baled in the old and slow way,
pressing a bale at a time tying it with ropes of
hickory withes.

The boats were so overloaded that many times
freight would lie in the warehouses for a month
or more, awaiting shipment. One man had 500
sacks of wheat that cost $1.00 per bushel and he
was vexed that he could not ship it, but his worry
turned to a great grin of satisfaction, for when
it did go, wheat had advanced, and he sold it for
$2.00 per bushel.

Another man had about 2,000 bushels of ear
corn and was offered 75 cents for it, but held it
for a rise. He afterwards had offers of.$i.oo,
$1.25, and the last offer included shelling, sacking
and hauling to the river, which meant $1.25 net
for him. No sale; he was holding for $1.50.
Here's where he laughed out of the other corner
of his mouth. Corn went down. He sent for
sacks, shelled and shipped it to St. Louis, and it
net him only 35 cents. One man bought a lot
of wheat at $3.00 per bushel, sent it to the landing
by flatboat, thence by ' the steamer to St. Louis,
and sold it for $3.55 per bushel. He had a net
profit of 20 cents a bushel.

The writer personally knew all the old-time
boatmen named in this article, and with possibly
two exceptions all have joined the silent major-
ity on the other shore. The principal shippers
here and at Barry and at Kinderhook have all
passed away with possibly four exceptions.
Among the warehouse men at Cincinnati Land-
ing not one is left.

RAILROADS.

In reference to means of transportation this
county is greatly favored by nature. Indeed,
there is no county in the State to which nature
gave such abundant and convenient channels of
transportation as to Pike. Here are two of the

finest water courses in America washing its
shores, and no portion of the county over half a
day's drive from one of them. Without a rail-
road many of the northern counties of the State
would yet be in their native condition. Yet Pike
county could, and did, get along very conven-
iently without a railroad.

As early as May, 1860, a railroad was pro-
jected, principally by Messrs. Starne and Hatch.
This road was known as the Pike County Road,
and later as the Hannibal & Naples Road.
Some grading was done, but the county, at a
general election, refused aid, and the project was
abandoned until after the war, when through the
efforts of Judge Higbee, Scott Wike, James S.
Irwin, Hon. William A. Grimshaw, W. Steers,
of Pittsfield, Messrs. Brown and Wike, of Barry,
and Messrs. McWilliams, Ward, Philbrick and
others of Griggsville, the enterprise was revived
and pushed to completion.

Originally about $350,000 were expended on
old Pike road ; and of this sum the city of Hanni-
bal furnished as a city $200,000, the townships
on the line of the road $70,000, and individuals
in Hannibal and Pike county the balance. The
money subscribed was faithfully expended under
the direction of Mr. Starne, the president of the
road, and a competent engineer ; the war com-
menced and the road failed, as did most of the
public enterprises of the country. It was at that
time in debt to Mr. Clough, one of the engineers,
about $1,000, and upon a suit commenced by him
a judgment was rendered against the road for his
debt. The friends of the road were anxious that
it should not be sacrificed, and when it was sold,
bid it in in the name of Scott Wike, for $1,039,
who transferred the certificate of purchase to the
directors of the old road, Messrs. A. Starne, B.
D. Brown, O. M. Hatch, George Wike, George
W. Shields, J. G. Helme, James McWilliams and
Scott Wike ; and the sheriff made them a deed
February 12, 1863. They were then incorpo-
rated as the Hannibal & Naples Railroad Com-
pany. Mr. Shields was the mayor of the city of
Hannibal, and Mr. Helme a large property
holder there. They were directors of the old
road, and were appointed by the city council to
look after the interests of the city. The other

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

gentlemen were directors in the old road and
large property holders in Pike county.

When the agitation incident to the Rebellion
had subsided and the people again turned to the
improvement of their homes and the carrying
out of home enterprises, the completion of this
road was urged.

Enthusiastic meetings were held throughout
the county in December, 1867. The proposition
by the supervisors to bond the county was de-
feated by a popular vote December 24 — 2,777
for, to 2,841 against, one of the largest votes ever
cast in the county.

At a railroad meeting held at the courthouse
in Pittsfield December 30, 1868, resolutions for
pushing the railroad interests of the county were
passed, and a committee appointed, headed by
William A. Grimshaw, to "take the requisite
steps to carry out the project of railroad con-
nections for Pittsfield and Pike county with the
Chicago & Alton, or the Pennsylvania Central,
or any other roads interested and willing to co-
operate with Pittsfield and Pike county."

At the same time there was a project of a rail-
road from Louisiana, Missouri, to run west to the
Missouri river, headed by Thomas L. Price, then
a railroad king of the West.

Ten miles of the Hannibal & Naples road were
completed February 18, 1869, namely, to Kinder-
hook, and a banquet and great rejoicing were had
on the occasion, in a car at Kinderhook.

In pursuance of an official call a railroad
meeting was held at Pittsfield, March 8, 1869,
with R. A. McClintock, chairman, and J. M.
Bush, secretary, when Col. A. C. Matthews ex-
plained the object of the meeting. A committee
was appointed, one from each township repre-
sented, to assess the sum of $150,000 among the
various townships embraced in the call. The
meeting passed a resolution indorsing the act
of the Legislature providing for the refunding
to the several townships and counties, the con-
tracting debts for railroads, the entire taxes on
such railroad property, and the excess of all
State taxes over the assessment of 1868.

August, 1869, the Hannibal & Naples road
reached a point within two and one-half miles of
New Salem ; reached Griggsville in September ;

railroad completed in October; crossed the Illi-
nois river January 20, 1870 ; February 1 1 , fin-
ished to Pittsfield. At that time a grand free
excursion was given, when the following inci-
dent occurred : The train being gone about three
hours longer than was expected, parties who had
been left behind began to feel uneasy. One man,
whose wife and son were with the excursionists,
with his remaining son built a fire near the track ;
and while waiting with great anxiety for the re-
turn of the train, the little boy started toward the
track. The father in his agony said, "Don't, my
son ; don't go near the track ; I'm afraid some
dreadful accident has happened and you and I
will both be orphans." When the train at last
arrived all safe and sound, there was great re-
joicing. The contract for building the railroad
from Pittsfield to the Hannibal & Naples road was
let July 24, 1869, to Hon. A. Starne. Work was
immediately begun and before a year had passed
trains were running.

After the Hannibal & Naples road was com-
pleted, it was changed soon after to the Toledo,
Wabash & Western Railway, and in March,
1880, when the great Wabash line came in pos-
session of the T., P. & W. Ry. and other lines,
it was changed to the Wabash, St. Louis & Pa-
cific Railway. About the time of the completion
of the Hannibal & Naples road, other roads were
projected. In May, 1869, a line was surveyed
from Rushville, via. Mt. Sterling to Pittsfield.

In the summer of 1869 special efforts were
made' by the citizens of the county to complete
the projected railroads, and at a meeting of the
citizens of Pittsfield and Newburg townships at
Pittsfield, June 17, committees were appointed to
devise ways and means to raise the amount re-
quired of them, namely, $32,000. C. P. Chap-
man was appointed chairman of said committee.

In the spring of 1871, everything pertaining to
the railroad interests of the county seemed to be
lying dead or asleep, and the suspicion of the
people began to be aroused that the enterprise
was abandoned, when Qeneral Singleton, presi-
dent of the Quincy, Alton & St. Louis road, an-
nounced that that company was waiting to obtain
the righ of way through Quincy. This road was
soon completed, following the line of the Mis-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

109

sissippi from the northern line of the county
to the southern where it crosses the river at
Louisiana.

In the spring of 1872 it was proposed to build
a road to Perry Springs, connecting with the
Bobtail to Pittsfield. At this time the county of
Pike and the townships of Pittsfield and New-
burg had invested $132,000 in the Pittsfield
branch, with no prospect of dividends ; but it was
proposed to issue county bonds of $10,000 to
$12,000 per mile on the Pittsfield branch, on
which the Wabash company should guaranty the
interest, thus enabling them to negotiate the
bonds at a fair rate.

The Quincy, Payson & Southeastern Railroad
was projected to make a direct line to Pittsfield
through Payson, thence nearly directly east to
Effingham, to connect for Cincinnati and the
East, but nothing definite has been done.

The Chicago, Alton & St. Louis ran the "Lou-
isiana," of "Kansas City" branch through the
southern townships of this county. This was
done without local aid from this county, but re-
ceived help from the city of Louisiana. This
is a first-class road, and opened up a most pro-
lific part of Pike county. At this time a railroad
bridge was built across the Mississippi at Louisi-
ana. August i, 1871, a magnificent bridge was
completed across the same river at Hannibal.

In the olden times, when Berry, New Canton
and Kinderhook shipped all their produce and
received their goods from Cincinnati Landing,
the ways and means were confined to teams in
midsummer and in spring to skiffs and flatboats,
as it was almost certain that the Mississippi
would overflow the low lands and sometimes re-
main half of the year. After the Hannibal & Na-
ples Railroad had been in operation a year or
so, the Quincy, Alton & St. Louis was built from
Quincy to Louisiana; then the Chicago & Alton
in the south part of the county, and soon the old
ways were changed.

Along the whole of the west side of Pike county
there runs a bayou of the Mississippi river, named
by the early French Chenal Ecarte (crooked
7

channel) but in English generally called "Sny,"
for short, from the French pronunciation of Che-
nal. This bayou commences in Adams county
about twelve miles below Quincy, and runs south-
easterly somewhat parallel with the river, until
it ends in Calhoun county, its channel being gen-
erally about midway between the river and the
bluffs. The low land drained by this "bayou,"
"channel," "slough," "creek," etc., as it is vari-
ously called, comprises about 110,000 acres. This
was subject to overflow every spring, and being
the most fertile ground in the West, it is very im-
portant that it be reclaimed if possible. Without
improvement it is entirely useless, and even a
source of malaria and sickness.

Consequently, in the year 1870 a movement was
set on foot to reclaim this vast tract of rich land
by an embankment near the river. To aid in this
great enterprise the Legislature passed an act, ap-
proved April 24, 1871, authorizing the issue of
bonds, to be paid by special assessments on the
lands benefited. To carry out the provisions of
this act "The Mississippi Levee Drainage Com-
pany" was organized about the first of August,
1871, by a meeting of the citizens of Pike and
Adams counties, electing a board of directors,
with S. M. Spencer, president, other officers, and
a board of commissioners. The citizens also drew
up and signed a petition for the appointment of
the commissioners according to law, whereupon
the County Court (R. M. Atkinson, Judge) ap-
pointed George W. Jones, William Dustin and
John G. Wheelock, commissioners, Mr. Dustin's
place, after his death, being filled by Benjamin F.
Westlake. For the construction of the levee they
issued bonds, bearing interest at 10 per cent, and
they were sold mostly in the Eastern markets,
some in Detroit, Michigan, the interest payable an-
nually. Accordingly the levee was constructed in
1872-4, at a cost of about $650,000.

But the manner of collecting assessments au-
thorized by this act was called in question by a
case brought up to the Supreme Court fro.m the
Wabash river, where similar work was being
done, and the court decided that feature of the act
to be unconstitutional. A similar case went up to
that tribunal from this county, and the Court re-
affirmed its former decision. It was then thought

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

expedient to procure an amendment to the State
Constitution ; the necessary resolution was sub-
mitted to the people by the 3Oth General Assem-
bly, and it was adopted by an overwhelming ma-
jority. Thereupon another act was passed by the
3 1st General Assembly, to make the law conform
to the constitution as amended, and under this act
the owners of lands on the Sny bottom proposed
to construct a drainage district to be known as
"The Sny Island Drainage District."

The levee, as at first projected, was completed,
as before stated, but it has proved wholly insuffi-
cient, as the Mississippi flood, aided by high
winds, in April, 1876, broke through the embank-
ment, and all the low land was inundated, destroy-
ing crops, carrying away fences, and driving out
the inhabitants. No one, however, was drowned,
but planting was retarded. The breaches were
soon repaired, but more lately a new company has
been organized to improve the levee and make it
perfect, that is, capable of protecting the bottom
land against such a high water as there was
in 1851.

This levee is by far the largest above Vicksburg,
being about fifty-two miles in length, commencing
on a sand ridge in Adams county, and extending
into Calhoun county. It is constructed of the
sandy soil along its line, and readily becomes sod-
ded and overgrown with willow and other small
growth. The streams which formerly emptied
into the Mississippi now find their way into Bay
creek, and then into Hamburg bay, in Calhoun
county. A few farms were opened in the bottom
before the construction of the levee, but since that
work was completed the land is becoming pretty
well covered with farms, occupied by a good, in-
dutrious class of citizens. The time may come
when the dwellers in this land will become a
power in the county.

We desire here to state to the public, with some
emphasis, that neither the county nor any munici-
pality in the same is in any manner liable for the
bonds issued in aid of the construction of this
-levee. Neither the State, county nor towns took
any part in the issue of the bonds, or in the con-
struction of the work. The enterprise was a pri-
vate one, and the fact that the bonds are not paid
reflects on no one. The law under which they

were issued was declared unconstitutional, and
in such cases the bonds must fall with the law.

On the completion of the levee the source of
water supply for the Rockport Mills, situated on
the Sny, was of course mostly cut off. Conse-
quently, about September 15, 1874, the proprie-
tors of the mills, Messrs. Shaw & Rupert, hired
parties in St. Louis to come up and cut the levee,
having been advised that they had lawful authority
to "abate the nuisance" by their own act. Great
excitement was occasioned by this transaction, and
during the ensuing litigation the mill proprietors
obtained a mandamus for opening the Sny ; but a
settlement was finally effected by a compromise
with the drainage company, the latter paying the
former $30,000. The mill, however, was subse-
quently destroyed by fire.

The levee bond suit was in the courts for many
years, when it was settled in favor of the land
owners.

In 1870 the primary committee for putting the
Sny Island levee on its way to reclaim 1 10,000
acres from annual overflow held its meetings here
and was composed of the following citizens, resi-
dents near the proposed levee : C. N. Clark,
Charles T. Brewster, Samuel Spencer, Joseph
Colvin and Richard Wells, with M. D. Massie as
secretary and assistant treasurer. This committee
met here and at the house of C. T. Brewster near
here, and formulated plans for getting money and
legislation, which resulted in the Levee and Drain-
age law of 1871, and the appointment of the first
levee commissioners, namely: George W. Jones,
John G. Wheelock and William Dustin.

The levee was hurriedly and poorly constructed
and was not protective, and in a suit testing the
validity of the law the State Supreme Court de-
clared the law void and unconstitutional as to the
land assessments. The court also issued an inter-
locutary order that the levee commissioners take
charge of the works for the parties interested.
Hence the great bond suit for about two millions
of dollars, for old bonds and accrued interest.
After years of delay the suit was tried, and re-
sulted in a verdict for the land owners as against
the bond holders. The defendants at a meeting
at Hull chose the following five as an executive
committee to employ attorneys and look after the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the case : C. N. Clark, chairman ; Thomas Worth-
ington, secretary; M. D. Massie, treasurer; Wil-
liam Grammar and George Long.

After a trial in the various courts, ending in
the United States Supreme Court and lasting
twenty years, the case was decided in favor of the
land owners. The executive committee, in con-
junction with the levee commissioners : S. E.
Hewes, Marcus Hardy and H. B. Atkinson, met
at Hannibal, Missouri, in 1902 and settled up all
the old business. The costs aggregated nearly
$31,000, as follows:

Hay, Green & Company, attorneys first

employed $ 8,000

Ex-President Harrison 7>75°

Attorney General Miller 2,000

Home attorneys, printing, stenographers . . 1 1 ,800
Committee expenses 900

$30,450

William Grammar, one of the committee, died,
and Joel Scarborough was chosen and did duty
till the suit was ended.

The rebuilding of the levee, which broke at the
following periods : April 17, 1876; June 30, 1880;
April 25, 1881 ; October 20, 1881 ; May 14, 1888;
June 5, 1903, was of an immense benefit, not only
to the reclaimed lands but to the adjoining terri-
tory. The sanitary benefits were perhaps greatest
of all, as malaria, chills and fever, and other dis-
eases incident to flooded lands had possession,
and kept the doctors busy day and night. Now
all is changed, and the entire 110,000 acres are
dotted with homes, schools and churches, and are
in a high state of cultivation, and the people en-
joy as good health as anywhere in the county.

Now the lands that were slow sale at $2 to $10
per acre are held at from $40 to $100 an acre. Re-
cent purchasers are loath to sell at current prices,
as the yields of corn, wheat and hay are so satis-
factory that it makes the land about the best
investment that can be had. One illustration. A
certain tract of land that formerly was almost
worthless, now pays owner and tenant each from
$7.50 to $10 per acre. The soil is apparently al-
most inexhaustible, and will improve in quality

and productiveness as it is properly tilled and
cared for.

The Sny levee commissioners, since its organ-
ization, have been George W. Jones, John G.
Wheelock, William Dustin, B. F. Westlake, Al-
fred Stebbins, J. Barnard, R. M. Murray, A. V.
Wills, Henry C. Cupp, Marcus Hardy, J. G.
Adams, Edward Prince, Samuel E. Hewes, H. B.
Atkinson, H. E. Seehorn, A. J. Thomas. The
treasurers were Philip Donahue, H. B. Atkin-
son, Joseph Dober and J. R. Easly. The first
attempt to construct a levee was made by Samuel
Leonard, of Louisiana, Missouri, about 1858, and
some work was done near Cincinnati Landing,
and then abandoned. In 1870 Charles N. Clark,
of Hannibal, Missouri, began the preliminary
work, and lived to see it a grand success.

The present commissioners are about complet-
ing a ditch fifty-three miles in length that is ex-
pected when finished will thoroughly drain the
entire one hundred and ten thousand acres in the
Sny levee district. They have at work a large
dredge boat and a suction boat, well manned, and
the work is highly satisfactory. The entire cost
will exceed one hundred thousand dollars. Pike
county is not alone in the interest of this work,
but Illinoisans, Missourians and Indianians are
landowners and interested in the district.

RURAL MAIL ROUTES.

Pike county has the following rural mail
routes : Pittsfield, seven ; Barry four ; Griggs-
ville, three; New Canton, three; Nebo, two;
Hull, two; Rockport, two; Pleasant Hill, two:
Baylis, two ; Pearl, one ; Strout, one ; Kinder-
hook, one ; Hadley, one ; New Salem, one ; Cham-
bersburg, one ; total, thirty-three routes. There
are thirty-three postoffices, twenty-one of which
are money order offices. Sixty years ago mail
and postal facilities were very crude and limited.
Now with fast 'mails and a generous Uncle Sam
the great dailies with news of the world are now
an additional breakfast food. The old-time post-
masters, who kept postoffice in their hats, would
be astonished could they return from the echoless
shore and see the modern and up-to-date post-
offices. In the old days envelopes and stamps

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

were unknown. Sheets were folded and mailed
for a distant friend, who paid twenty-five cents
for his letter. Now in 1906 a letter for from two
to five cents will traverse the globe.

PIKE COUNTY'S ILLUSTRIOUS DEAD.

The early pioneers were not particularly noted
for their legal acumen and statecraft but more
for the eternal principles of right, and their en-
ergy and endurance in the old and trying times
when they started old Pike on the forward
march of progress and civilization, and gave to
us one of the gardens of the then new world.
The first names on the roll of illustrious dead are
Ebenezer Franklin and Daniel Shinn ; and soon
came William, Clarenden, Leonard and Henry
Ross. The first named was the most distin-
guished and was known as Col. William Ross,
who is now held in everlasting esteem for what
he did for posterity. John and Jeremiah Ross,
Rufus Brown, John Wood, Willard Keyes,
James M. Seely, John and Nathaniel Shaw, Al-
fred Bissell, John Matthews, Nicholas Hansen
and Benjamin Barney, all will live in history as
our first and most illustrious pioneer citizens.
In the list of pioneer business men the following
left their impression on the times, and will be
remembered for what they did for the advance-
ment and development of affairs : Lyman Scott,
John Webb, N. W. Jones, C. P. Chapman, Aus-
tin Barber, B. D. Brown, M. Blair, Lombard &
Ayres, D. D. Hicks, George Wike, Amos Morey,
Lewis Angle, B. F. Westlake, John McTucker
and Isaac A. Hatch. In the list of professional
men occur the medical ; and they gave the best
years of their lives to the public: Drs. W. A.
Whiting, A. C. Baker, Thomas Worthington, O.
C. Campbell, F. A. Landrum, John A. Thomas
and J. H. Ledlie. The brilliant legal minds that
now are still and pulseless, but are so well re-
membered are: Chauncey L. Higbee, of whom
Milton Haly said, "As great soldiers are said to
learn the art of war upon the battlefield, so in the
open field of practice, opposed with rivals and
contestants, so Judge Higbee acquired, to a high
degree of excellence, both the principles and art
of his profession" ; Scott Wike, William A.Grim-

shaw, James S. Irwin, William R. Archer,
Strother Griggsby and H. D. L. Griggsby, each
were devoted to this profession, and doubtless
fully endorsed this, from the day when Cicero
said that the law was set over the magistrate to
the time of Chatham's famous declaration, that
where law ends tryanny begins, and from that
day to ours, great men have celebrated the con-
nection of law with liberty. To lessen the re-
spect for law in America, whether that respect is
lost by magistrate or the people, is a poor serv-
ice" to our country.

Added to this list properly come the following
who were well known as good citizens, whose
lives added to the glory and prosperity of old
Pike. They all did something for schools,
churches, for charity, and generally for all the
people's interests. B. L. Matthews, J. L. Metz,
Rev. William Hawker, J. Cleveland, J. H. Den-
nis, William Turnbull, James McWilliams,
Charles Gibbs, George Pratt, J. O. Bolin, B. H.
Atkinson, William Watson, Joel Pennington,
Perry Wells, William Yokum, W. R. Wills, Sr..
J. G. Adams, J. D. Rupert, Samuel Taylor, Ha-
zen Pressy, D. A. Shaw, Moses Easley, Joseph
Strubinger, Rev. William Rose, Revs. Carter,
Worthington and Barrett, William Green, Niles
Kinne, Samuel Clark, Horace Horton, James
Tolbert, Moses and Joel Morey, J. C. Colvin,
Joseph McFarland, Alex McClintock, C. T.
Brewster, Dr. P. M. Parker and F. M. Clyde.

OLD SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.

It is not strange that among the pioneer settlers
of any new country a deep-seated and sincere
friendship should spring up that would grow and
strengthen with their years. The incidents pe-
culiar to life in a new country, the trials and
hardships, privations and destitution, — are well
calculated to test not only the physical powers of
endurance, but the moral, kindly, generous attri-
butes of manhood and womanhood. Then are
the times that try men's souls, and bring to the
surface all that may be in them whether good or
bad. As a rule there is an equality of conditions
that recognizes no distinctions. All occupy a
common level, and as a natural consequence a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

strong brotherly and sisterly feeling rise up that
is as lasting as time. For "a fellow feeling makes
us wondrous kind." With such a community
there is a hospitality, a kindness, a benevolence, a
charity unknown and unpracticed among the old-
er, richer and more dense commonwealths. The
very nature of the surroundings teaches them to
feel each other's woe and share each other's joy.
An injury or a wrong may be ignored, but a
kindly, charitable act is never forgotton. The
memory of old associations is always fresh.
Raven locks may bleach and whiten, full, round
cheeks become sunken and hollow, the fires of
intelligence vanish from the organs of vision, the
brow become wrinkled with care and age and the
erect form bowed with accumulating years, —
but the true friends of "long ago'1 will be re-
membered as long as life and reason endure.

The surroundings of pioneer life are well cal-
culated to test the "true inwardness" of the hu-
man heart. As a rule the men and women who
first settle in a new country, — who go in advance
to spy out the land and prepare it for the coming
people, — are bold, fearless, self-reliant and indus-
trious. In these respects, no matter from what
remote section or country they may come, there
is a similarity of character. In birth, education,
religion and language, there may be a vast differ-
ence, but imbued with a common purpose, — the
founding and building of homes, — these differ-
ences are soon lost by association, and thus they
become one people united by a common interest :
and no matter what changes may come in after
years the associations thus formed are never
buried out of memory.

In pioneer life are always incidents of peculiar
interest, not only to the pioneers themselves, but
which, if properly preserved, would be of interest
to posterity; and it is a matter of some regret
that "The Old Settlers' Association" was not
formed years before it was, and that more copious
records were not kept. Such an association with
well kept records of the more important events,
such as dates of arrivals, births, marriages, deaths,
removals, natavities, etc.. as any one can easily
and readily see, would be the direct means of
preserving to the literature of the country the
history of every community, that to future gen-

erations would be valuable as a record of refer-
ence, and a ready and sure method of settling
important questions of controversy. Such rec-
ords would possess facts and figures that could
not be had from any other source. Aside from
this' historic importance such associations serve
as a means of keeping alive and further cement-
ing old friendships and renewing among its mem-
bers associations that were necessarily interrupt-
ed by the innovation of increasing population, cul-
tivating social intercourse and creating a chari-
table fund for such of their old members as were
victims of misfortune and adversity.

The subject of organizing an old settlers' so-
ciety was brought up in the summer of 1869. In
the Pike County Democrat of July 29, that year,
the following significant passage occurs : "The
time will come when the history of this county
will be written. For that history, the meeting of
such society will furnish the best material, and
the parties now living attest the facts that will
form a large portion of it." There was nothing
definitely done toward the organization of this
society until the summer of 1872, when some of
the leading old settlers interested themselves in
it. The first meeting was held on what is called
Blue creek, August 21, 1872. The meeting was
called to order by Wm. Turnbull, of Flint, on
whose motion Capt. B. F. Westlake was appoint-
ed temporary chairman. Upon taking the chair
Captain Westlake stated in brief the object of /
the meeting, and for the purpose of effecting an
organization he suggested the propriety of ap-
pointing a committee on permanent organization
to report to the meeting at i o'clock, p. m. This
committee consisted of Col. A. C. Matthews,
James H. Dimmitt and William Turnbull. The
meeting was then addressed by Rev. Mr. McCoy,
after which an adjournment was had until I
o'clock, p. m. After the dinner was dispatched
the people were called together by the choir, dis-
coursing most pleasant music. After singing,
the committee on permanent organization report-
ed the following named persons as officers of the
"Old Settlers' Association of Pike and. Calhoun
counties, Illinois.

For President, Col. Wm. Ross, Newburg; 1st
Vice President, Col. Benj. Barney. Pleasant Vale;

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

2d Vice President. Daniel B. Bush, Pittsfield ;
3d Vice President, Capt. B. F. Westlake, New-
burg; 4th Vice President, Capt. Benj. L. Mat-
thews, Perry; 5th Vice President, Jos. Brown,
Chambersburg ; 6th Vice President, John Lyster,
Detroit; 7th Vice President, James Grimes, Mil-
ton; 8th Vice President, Abel Shelley, Griggs-
ville; gth Vice President, Perry Wells, Atlas;
loth Vice President, Samuel G. Sitton, Hardin ;
nth Vice President, William Grammar, Hadley ;
1 2th Vice President.vMontgomery Blair, Barry;
1 3th Vice President, John Brittain, Martins-
burg; I4th Vice President, Thomas H. Dimmitt,
Griggsville. Secretary, Marcellus Ross, New-
burg; ist Assistant Secretary, Dr. E. M. Seeley,
Pittsfield ; 2d Assistant Secretary, William Turn-
bull, Flint.

Colonel Barney presided at this meeting, Colo-
nel Ross being absent on account of sickness. A
communication was however read from the presi-
dent. Rev. W. D. Trotter, one of the pioneer
preachers of the county, spoke for about an hour,
reviewing the early life of the pioneers. Hon.
William A. Grimshaw delivered the address of
the day. It was an ably prepared historical re-
view of the county's history. Indeed, so replete
is it with interesting facts of pioneer times that
we give the entire address in this connection :

ADDRESS OF HON. WILLIAM A. GRIMSHAW.

Mr. President. Ladies and Gentlemen — Se-
lected by your committee of arrangements to bid
you welcome here to-day, I do so most cordially
as an old settler myself, of, say, the second period
of Pike county, coming here in the year 1833:
that being after the winter of the deep snow,
which was our early noted period in the annals
of this then wild, romantic and beautiful coun-
try, •sparsely settled and embraced in the bounds
of Pike county. That snow with us, once, was
the starting point of the date of current events,
although our records of the court of justice do
not legally recognize that as "a day in law,"
vet u e even in courts, in the simplicity of onr
early language, often heard events traced by that
snow as the date point.

In the early days we all enjoyed the largest

constitutional liberty ; we voted for him we like J
best, as I, a whig, did for "honest Joe Duncan,"
a democrat, on a deep question in those days,
the Illinois and Michigan canal, "the deep cut ;''
M-C also each worshipped God according to the
dictates of our own conscience and under our
vine and fig tree. When Brother Trotter, who
;s now present, venerable with years and revered
for piety, or old Father Woolf, now gathered to
his fathers, blessed for his good deeds, came
around to his appointment, all, of every religion
and no one religion, turned out to meeting in the
woods or the log schoolhouse or at a settler's
home. We had no fine churches in those days.
Mormons puzzled the unwary by their startling
pretense at new revelations. Or, if disappointed
by the regular minister, old Father Petty would
recite in prayer Belshazzar's feast in trembling
tones of piety.

Our worthy and venerable president (elect but
absent), Col. William Ross, who has been often
honored by the people of Pike county by their
votes, ejecting him to high offices of public trust,
could tell vou much of the first period or earliest
years of the settlement of your county, as he ar-
rived in the county in 1820 and settled at Atlas,
which was the county seat in its day, and was laid
out by the Ross brothers. Atlas was yet the place
at which the county records were kept in 1833,
but in the spring of the year Pittsfield was sur-
veyed and laid off into lots and the sale thereof
made at different periods, the first sale of lots be-
ing in that spring. A courthouse was built in
the summer of 1833 at Pittsfield; from that event
the greater prosperity of the country and an in-
crease of population began.

The terror infused into the public mind, be-
yond the settlements of Illinois,, by the Black
Hawk war, which had retarded emigration to oir.-
State, the Indians being removed to the west
of the Mississippi, the tide of emigration began
to set in, and you witness to-day, in the presence
here of this assemblage, the vast change in a
little over fifty years since the Yankees (who
came before the clock peddlers) set foot within
the limits of Pike county, as it now exists. Clock
peddlers were the only gentlemen in those days,
as they rode in the only covered carriages.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

It is true, when you consider the rise and the
growth of Chicago in our own State, and of St.
Louis in Missouri, rival cities, each of nearly
four hundred thousand people, we don't seem
to have much to brag of as our growth. Con-
sider, however, that we are almost strictly an
agricultural county, that being our chief and
most profitable pursuit, and then the greatest
zealot for progress must admit that, from a be-
ginning of a few families in 1821, we are now a
county not to be sneezed at, and especially when
our vote at the polls is counted. Excluding
counties in which cities have arisen, we are most
densely populated, more so than many in our
beautiful Illinois, and yet we have broad acres
of valuable lands in a state of nature.

Once our prairies were the home of the bound-
ing deer in vast herds, of the prairie wolf, the
prairie fowl in great flocks, the timber land
abounded with the squirrel, the turkey and the
pigeon, and in the hollow trees we had the beau-
tiful but noisy paroquet; as well as in their
haunts numerous other birds and animals. These
have in a great measure disappeared until game
is a rarity. The wild fruits once abounding have
been superseded by more luscious cultivated
fruits. And yet, who of the old settlers does not
remember with a twinkle in his eye the old set-
tlers' first substitute for an apple, a big turnip;
and also find a good taste in the mouth when he
thinks of those nice preserved plums, crab apples
and ground cherries, and the pumpkin pie, and
the pork mince meat. We then think of the prai-
rie and woodland each abounding in the season
in beautiful flowers, rivaling in their colors the
rainbow. These were the holiday delights of
dame and maiden, and the husband and lover
were alike made glad in their contemplation. The
retrospect of nature has its beauties. The reality
of the first settler's life in a new country is often
full of prose and but little poetry. Compare the
simple and even poor furniture of our early
homes with the elegant furniture now in use, and
what a contrast ! But with all the drawbacks of
an early settler's life few repine at their lot in
this beautiful land. None can who accept with
reflection and thankfulness the many mercies
which crown our lives.

I am reminded by this retrospection, that yes-
terday, on returning home, I found a written,
kind notification from your committee, in charge
of the convening of this your first Old Settlers'
meeting, that I was invited and expected to ad-
dress you to-day. I then took my pen to endeavor
to bridle my thoughts and to bid them serve the
request of the committee, that I should speak as
to the "honesty, patience, industry, self-sacrifice
and hospitality of the old settlers.

Honesty was the rule, crime the exception, in
the early days. It would seem as if at the first
mention of the honesty of the old settlers it was a
sarcasm, on the idea of lawyers settling here,
and as if I had some personal experience and
revelation to make. Of course I know something
and much of the facts, and will relate them.

It was well known that because we had no
locks we never locked our houses and out build-
ings ; it was proverbial that the deer skin of the
door latch was never pulled in, that is the latch
string was out; then we had not much to tempt
people to steal ; so our things lay about loose ; our
plows with wooden mold boards hung on the
fences with impunity ; but at Christmas time, the
plow or ox skull hung upon a tree by the way-
side, reminded the passer-by of the three-year-
old, riding to see his girl, that a fool's head was
too soft to butt either of those pendants in the
tree.

At an early day an old ax, worth fifty cents
perhaps in these days being stolen, the vile thief
was ordered to leave the settlement of Atlas, and
did leave for his country's good. It was said that
loud porcine cries were heard upon the "Sny Is-
land" at times, because men would kill their
neighbor's hogs; that was a trifling affair and
cost only the penalty of going halves with the
nearest justice ; thus dividing the meat — unless
the head and ears were found and those bearing
some man's recorded mark ; then that was a case
for the grand jury. Hog stealing was said to be
caused by drinking Sny water.

We have told only of the style of dishonest
tricks in those days. With more facts to bear us
out, we can now affirm that the general reputa-
tion of our early settlers was remarkably good
for honesty in general, but there was a slight

Tl6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

propensity to "hook timber" to make rails and
to use at house logs, and some fellows in the
land, held, in fact it was "common law" that a
"bee tree" even in your pasture lot was lawful
plunder.

As to the patience of our people, if that means
bearing up with the courage of a true man and
true woman under the perils to limb and prop-
erty, the early settlers were exemplary for that ;
the trials of an early settler's life were legion.
His resources, so far as supplies for his family
were small; his debts were a great vexation, and
some if not all, had these pests, until the lands
were entered and paid for, the money often being
loaned at interest as high as seventy-five per cen-
tum per annum. Then if you went to mill, you
journeyed a score, aye, three-score miles; to
meeting often as far. No bridges, and but few
roads existed ; the saddle, or the ox cart, or the
truck, wooden-wheeled wagon, and no fine car-
riages, was the mode of travel.

Corn dodger, without salt, and pork or side-
meat, were great staples ; vegetables and fruits,
unless wild fruits, were rarely on the table, unless
when company came to spend the afternoon, or
to a quilting, then the best in the house or the
neighborhood afforded was forthcoming for the
visitor. The quilting parties were generally the
resort .of young and old. Marriages were rare
in those days, because bachelors were more plen-
tiful than belles.

As to the industry of the old settlers, as a
class, industry was to the extent of present abil-
ity, implements, health and condition, and was
not surpassed by the toil of men of the present
day. The matron and the few young ladies had
much toil and vexation, and that was often more
excessive on wash day, because of having to
pick up fuel as it could be gleaned, or carryng
the clothes to and from the wash place, which was
a branch or spring. The clothes line was a grape
vine or a fence, and the hogs and calves tres-
passed on that to "chaw the things," and to keep
the "creeters" off old boss and the old woman
(not yet twenty-five years old) often had a hard
fight lest the baby in the cradle sitting near the
out-door fire should be "up-sot."

Self-sacrifice was one of the many and noblest

virtues of the early settler ; in times of sickness
you were free to call up any neighbor for help,
to sit up with the sick, to ride twenty-five or even
more miles for the doctor, and that mostly, as
our doctors said, in the dead of night, to the great
horror of the doctor, who had to saddle up and
travel in the dead of night, to the farthest limits
of his own or to an adjoining county.

Although the county of Pike was naturally
healthy, the over toil, the privation, the imperfect
protection from the inclemency of seasons, the
water used from shallow water holes, all these
tended to multiply disease and death. This
county was never, as a general thing, visited so
much with sickness and death as other counties
in our State.

In the early day no iron horse snorted and
raced over the prairies. The steamer once perhaps
in several weeks dragged itself along. Twelve
days was a short time for a trip from New York
here, and that mostly by stage. Our mails ar-
rived once a week, and a letter cost us our "last
quarter." News from Europe a month old was
fresh. No troublesome quotations of daily mark-
ets puzzled or enlightened us. A counterfeit
United States bill was almost legal tender. Hoop
poles, staves and cord wo.od were equal at a later
day to gold. Store pay was better than any of
the foregoing, but often lead to heavy mortgages
and secret bills of sale. The laws were quickly
enforced. Once a client of a celebrated lawyer
was taken out of court and the penalty of the law
put on his back with stripes before the motion for
a new trial was over ; then the client protested
against a new trial lest if convicted he would be
a second time whipped.

Now how changed is everything around us !
In the early day there was more variety in dress,
if less taste. All dressed in their best, and some-
times (if the ladies will pardon such an o'er true
tale) a white satin bonnet, the worse for the wear,
was seen over a blue "Dolly Varden" ruffled cap.
The most distinguished man at shows for a num-
ber of years, was an old, gaunt, straight man,
with a bell-crowned hat, in the height of the
fashion when he was young, which was nearly
twelve inches perpendicular; horses often carried
double in those days, if girls were plenty, and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

117

about sparking and wedding time. Oh how so-
ciable Land yet all was modesty and innocence.

Hospitality — that signifies strictly "practice of
entertaining strangers," but in its true early set-
tler's ways much more was meant, intended, and
done. On a journey almost every house wasawel-
come home to the weary traveler; if any charge
was made for the entertainment it was very mod-
erate ; at times the parting word to you was, "You
are welcome to such as we had, and please call
again when traveling this way."

Hospitality scarce expresses the fine sensibility,
the manly Christian spirit, of many of the olden
time. The pioneer feels that each and every set-
tler of his neighborhood (and he does not criti-
cise much as to who is his neighbor) is entitled
to such help and good feeling as may be asked or
should be extended.

I felt and still feel a large degree of sympathy,
and that the most cordial, with the old settlers.
It occurs to me that as Pike county once included
Calhoun, and as some of the settlers there are
contemporaries with our earliest settlers, we
should include the Calhoun old settlers in our So-
ciety— in fact just this week that was named to
me in that county.

With great hopefulness as to the prosperity of
this new society, desiring, for it many happy re-
unions, I offer to you the thanks of myself, an
old settler, for your courtesy in inviting me to ad-
dress this meeting ; and may God bless our vast
population spread over our large county, which
had when first known to myself about three thou-
sand people, and now contains approaching forty
thousand, although the hive of people has swarmed
many times.

Farewell, my friends, one and all. Let us part
with mutual good wishes, as we never more can
all meet again in this life.

At the first meeting it was decided to invite the
old settlers of Calhoun county to join with the
Pike County Old Settlers' Society. In harmony
with this decision Calvin Twitchell, Smith Jen-
nings and William Wilkinson were elected vice
presidents.

SECOND MEETING.

The second meeting of the Old Settlers' Asso-
ciation was held in September, 1873. The fol-

lowing letter from Judge William Thomas, of
Jacksonville, was read :

"JACKSONVILLE, Aug. 30, 1873.
"MR. MARCELLUS Ross, Secretary: Dear Sir —
I have received two invitations to attend the Old
Settlers' meeting in Pike county on Wednesday
next. I regret that I can not accept either, for I
would be glad to meet the survivors of those with
whom I became acquainted forty-five years ago.
I attended the circuit court in Atlas in June, 1827,
which was my first visit to Pike. The court was
held by Judge Lockwood, who now resides at
Batavia, in Kane county. The attorneys in at-
tendance were John W. Whitney, N. Hanson, and
John Jay Ross, of Pike county, Gen. James Tur-
ney and Alfred Caverly, of Greene county, now of
Ottawa, and J. W. Pugh, of Sangamon county,
Mr. Jenkins, of Calhoun county, John Turney and
myself, of Morgan county. Capt. Leonard Ross,
one of nature's noblemen, was sheriff. Col. Wil-
liam Ross was clerk ; James M. Seeley was an
officer of the court. Of all these, Judge Lock-
wood, Mr. Caverly and myself are the only sur-
vivors. The court was in session three days, and
then went to Calhoun county. It was held in a
log cabin in the prairie, near which was a log
cabin occupied by the grand jury. The traverse
jury had the privilege of the prairies.

"In September afterward, returning from the
Winnebago war I left the boat at Quincy, where I
purchased a horse, saddle and bridle for $40.
From Quincy I came to Atlas, a good day's travel ;
remained in Atlas one day and two nights, and
then set out for home. Passing Colonel Seeley's,
I found no other house until I reached Blue river,
where Van Deusen had a small grist mill, and I
crossed the Illinois river on Van Deusen's ferry.
That night I reached Exeter. The weather was
pleasant, the roads were dry and smooth.

"Pike county was then a wilderness. I came as
directed, the nearest and best route home. I could
never then have been made to believe that I should
live to see a population of 30,000 within its
boundaries.

"Captain Ross entertained .the jury and the law-
yers in their double log cabin free of charge, ex-
pressing his regret that we could not stay longer.
I was at Atlas at the presidential election in 1824

n8

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and voted for John Quincy Adams for President.

"Judge Lockwood, Mr. McConnell and myself,
in attending court at Atlas (the year I do not
recollect), passed the present site of Griggsville
and saw the man, Mr. Scholl, raising the first log
cabin on the hill. I suppose the land had been
laid out in town lots.

"In the early settlement of the Military Tract
traveling cost but little. The old settlers were
always glad of the opportunity of entertaining
travelers, and especially the judge and lawyers,
from whom they could obtain interesting accounts
in relation to what was going on in the world
around them. Besides, we often had to encamp
in the woods and prairies because no house was
within reach at dark, and this was called "lodging
at Munn's tavern," because of the large number of
quarter sections of land owned by him. I have
often fared sumptuously in the log cabins on
bread made of grated meal, venison, honey, but-
ter, and milk and stewed pumpkins, and slept
comfortably and soundly on the puncheon floor.

"Feb. 14, 1823, Wm. Ross was elected Judge
of the Court of Probate. In 1823, Geo. Cadwell,
then of Greene County, but afteward included in
Morgan, was elected to the Senate for Greene
and Pike, and Archibald Job, who was still living,
for the House. Cadwell's term expired in two
years, and in 1824, Thomas Carlin, afterward
elected governor in 1836, was elected to the Sen-
ate. Cadwell was a*n educated physician, a man
of talent and stern integrity ; he died in 1824 or
1825.

"At the meeting of the Legislature in 1824
Nicholas Hanson and John Shaw both produced
certificates of election to the House. The ques-
tion which was entitled to the seat was referred to
the Speaker, who decided in favor of Hanson.
During the session the question was again
brought before the House, and decided by a
unanimous vote in favor of Hanson. Near the
close of the session the question was reconsidered
and Shaw admitted, in consideration of which
Shaw voted for the resolution for a call of a con-
vention.

"For several years after I came to the State,
deer, wild turkey and wild beasts were plenty,
especially on the Illinois and Mississippi rivers.
But for this fact many of our early settlers
would have suffered for provisions, or have been
compelled to retreat for supplies.

"In passing from Rushville to Quincy, the
Judge, Mr. Caverly and myself slept on the
prairie during the night, and the next morning,
which was Sunday, we found a house a few miles
distant in the barrens ; and we could not make the
family believe it was not Saturday. The nearest
neighbor lived five miles distant. They lived on
wild game, grated corn meal and roasted ears,
and lived well. We thought at breakfast we
could not wish for better fare.

"In passing from Atlas to Gilead in Calhoun
county we always made the house of an old
gentleman named Munn our stopping place. He
and his wife were always glad to see us and made
sumptuous preparations for our comfort.

"If I were at the stand and questioned I could
probably answer many questions in regard tc
matters of interest to the present inhabitants;
but as I do not know the points on which they
would question me, and as I have already extend-
ed this letter, considering the hot weather, to what
may be considered a reasonable length, I close,
hoping that you may have a good day and a
good time.

"Respectfully your friend,

"William Thomas."

This meeting was addressed by many old set-
tlers, who related many interesting experiences.
The exercises were interspersed with music and
a grand picnic dinner, etc. Letters were read from
Edwin Draper and Levi Pettibone, of Louisiana,
Missouri, besides one from Judge Thomas, above
given. Wm. A. Grimshaw was elected President,
James McWilliams, of Griggsville, Vice Presi-
dent, and George W. Jones Assistant Secretary.
The following resolution was ad opted: "Resolved,
That the old settlers of Pike and Calhoun coun-
ties be requested to notify the President and Sec-
retary of the Old Settlers' organization, the names
of all members of this Association who shall
depart this life during the present year, and that

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

119

the Secretary be instructed to enter the same
upon record."

Among those who addressed the assembly were
Hon. Wm. A. Grimshaw, John T. Hodgen, of
St. Louis, Calvin Twichell, of Calhoun county,
J. T. Long, now of Barry, for many years a
resident of Adams county, Wm. Turnbull, of
Flint, A. P. Sharpe, of Griggsville, Alvin Wheel-
er, the oldest living settler of Pike county (came
here in 1818), now 75 years of age. Col. D. B.
Bush closed the line of history by giving a sketch
of Pittsfield. Dr. Worthington claimed Fred-
erick Franklin, of Montezuma, as the oldest liv-
ing settler of Pike county now living. He was
the son of Ebenezer Franklin, the first settler in
the county.

In this connection we give the very interesting
letter of Mr. Draper:

"Louisiana, Mo., Sept. i, 1873.

"Hon. Wm. A. Grimshaw and Others: Gentle-
men.— Through the politeness of some friend of
your county-seat I am indebted for an invitation
to attend the meeting of old settlers of your coun-
ty at Pittsfield, on the 3d inst. ; for this invitation
I presume I am indebted for the fact of being
nearly connected by marriage with Levi Petti-
bone, Esq., an old settler and perhaps the oldest
man in Pike county, Missouri, and perhaps with
exceptions the oldest man in Missouri, he being-
few exceptions the oldest man in Missouri, he be-
ing now nearing the completion of his 93d year.
But from whatever cause,! esteem it a compliment
altogether undeserved to myself, but \vhich never-
theless I should take the greatest pleasure, if cir-
cumstancs permitted, of meeting with the old
settlers of your county, among whom I am proud
to recognize, not only the many distinguished
public men, but many old and long esteemed per-
sonal friends, some of whom have long been set-
tlers of Pike county, Illinois, and not a few of them
old settlers of Pike and Lincoln counties, Mis-
souri, who. not being content with aiding to break
up the wilds of Missouri and bring them into paths
and fields of civilization, have largely colonized
Pike county, Illinois, where they have been long
enough to earn the appellation of 'old settlers,'
where they are realizing the rich fruits of their
industry in land flowing with milk and honey,

and as I lament to know, many of them are rest-
ing beneath the sods that are no respecters of
persons in the final winding up of human affairs.
The memory of many of these persons, both liv-
ing the dead, carries me far back into the history
of the past, in the early history of Missouri, of
whose soil I have been an occupant since the
year 1815, before either your State or Missouri
had a State Government. Though then quite
young (but eight years old) I was old enough
to remember everything I saw, and everybody I
knew, — much more so than persons and facts of
later years; but to attempt to recount or name
any considerable number of them would be to in-
flict a bore upon you that I dare not presume
upon, but as I presume that a part of the exer-
cises of the occasion would be to recur to the early
history of the West, including your State and
ours, I can not resist the temptation to jot down
a few facts and names, even at the risk of being
laid upon the table as a bore.

"The date 1815 shows that the early settlers,
among whom was my father, were crowding
into Missouri even before the forts were all va-
cated, whither the old settlers had fled for the pur-
pose of protection from hostile savages, who had
but recently had almost undisputed possession
of a large part of our state. To get into Missouri,
then largely considered as the promised land, we
had to cross the Mississippi river, the Father of
Waters. I don't know how much of a father he
was at that time, but I have been acquainted
with him since that time, and I don't know much
difference in his size between then and now, ex-
cept occasionally, as in 1851, he got into a terrible
rage and had uncontrolled possession from Louis-
iana to Atlas, and rolled on, whether vexed or
unvexed, in solemn majesty to the Gulf of
Mexico.

"But to continue. He had to be 'crossed' to get
into Missouri. In 1815, as history shows, no
steamboats were known on our rivers, and the
only modes, or rather mode, of crossing the river
at St. Louis was by means of a small keel-boat or
barge without any deck or covering, propelled by
poles; and our wagons were crossed by placing
two planks or slabs across the keel, running the
wagons by hand upon these slabs across the boats

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and 'scotching' the wheels with billets of wood,
filling in the inner parts of the boat with horses,
children, etc. Yet we conquered the old gentle-
man and rode across in triumph, but not, however,
until after waiting two days on the eastern bank
for the wind to lie, which had so ruffled the sur-
face and temper of the 'father' that he could not,
safely at least, be mounted by an insignificant keel-
boat until the cause of his irritation had ceased.

"Safely on the Missouri shore, the first night
was passed in the city of St. Louis, then contain-
ing about 1,200 inhabitants and very few brick
houses ; J did not count them, however. No rail-
roads then were even thought of in the West, so
far as I remember, but now — well, you can tell
the tale yourselves. St. Louis has now 450,000
inhabitants and would likely have a million but for
Chicago and the railroads, which have revolution-
ized the course of nature and the natural rights
of St. Louis, which depended on the navigation
of the great rivers to work for her ; and while her
great landowner slept a quarter of a century,
Chicago and the railroads were surging ahead
of her.

"Excuse this digression, which I could not help
while reflecting on the immense change all over
the West since I first crossed the great river.

"I have alluded to the fact of your county being
largely colonized from Pike and Lincoln counties,
Missouri. It would be impossible for me to enu-
merate all of them, even if I knew them all ; but
among the names I remember well those of the
Gibsons, the Sittons, Buchanan, Yokems, Gallo-
way, Uncle Jake Williamson, the Cannons, Col-
lard, Wellses, Kerrs, Noyes, Metz, Johnsons, Mc-
Connells, Andersons, etc., etc., all of whom went
from Pike or Lincoln. All of them were good
citizens, while some of them held high and honor-
able positions in public office. Your former val-
ued sheriff, Ephraim Cannon, was for a while a
schoolmate of mine, larger and older than I, but
still a schoolmate. The only special recollection
I have of our schoolboy's life was that the
teacher once asked him, when nearly time to close
school, 'How high is the sun ?' He replied he
had no means of measuring the height, but 'from
appearance it was about a rod high.'

"John J. Collard, Esq., a former clerk of one of

your courts, was the son of an old settler of Lin-
coln county, dating before the war of 1812, if my
memory is not at fault. I have attended your
courts when held at the old county seat, Atlas,
and since its location at your beautiful town, Pitts-
field. The old settlers at Atlas, as well as of Pitts-
field were the Rosses, most of whom I knew per-
sonally, and had a slight acquaintance with the
'Bashaw' of Hamburg, Mr. Shaw. Old Father
Burnett and his boys John and Frank belonged to
both Pikes, in Illinois and Missouri. The sons
wore out their lives in trying to sustain a ferry
between the two Pikes.

"But I must forbear, fearing that I have already
bored you, a thing I feared at the start. I could
write a half quire of recollections of Pike in Mis-
souri, and some of Pike in Illinois, if there were
any market for them. But I must close with my
best wishes for your people, both old and young.
"EDWIN DRAPER."

THIRD MEETING.

At the Old Settlers' meeting, September 2,
1874, Hon. William A. Grimshaw delivered an
address of welcome, and interesting speeches were
made by Col. Benjamin Barney. Rev. J. P. Dim-
mitt, Dr. Hodgen, Mr. Turnbull, Judge Grigsby
and others. Dr. P. E. Parker was elected secre-
tary in place of G. W. Jones, resigned. A motion
was adopted changing the time of membership
from 1840 to 1850; also a motion to establish a
portfolio and gallery of likenesses of old settlers ;
and members and others were invited to send pic-
tures. A social reception of old settlers was given
in the evening at Bush's Hall.

FOURTH MEETING.

At the fourth annual meeting of the old settlers
at Barry, August 19, 1875, old-time customs were
commemorated by the erection of a cabin com-
plete in all its details. It looked as if a family
had been living in it for years. Cooking utensils
hanging around the wall; suspended on a string
were slices of pumpkin and dried apples, corn
hung from the posts suspended by the husks, the
rifle hung on the wooden hook over the door, the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

spinning wheel, the reel and the hand-cards occu-
pied prominent positions; the mammoth gourd
for a water bucket and the lesser one as a dipper,
attracted considerable attention. On the outside
walls the skins of different fur-bearing animals
were stretched ; climbing vines were turned up to
the roof, and the sunflower in all its magnificence
nodded here and there close to the house, and last,
but not least, the latch-string hung on the out-
side. The cabin was presided over during the
early part of the day by Mr. William Grotts, who
entertained his visitors with his "fiddle," playing
"Arkansas Traveler," "Money Musk," "Old
Rosin the Bow," etc. Mr. Grotts was born in this
state in 1802, in Madison county. His father was
killed by Indians in Bond county in 1814.

FIFTH MEETING.

During the Old Settlers' meeting at Griggs-
ville, August 30, 1876, they formed a pro-
cession in front of the Methodist Episcopal
church, headed by an old truck wagon
drawn by oxen, containing a band, the peo-
ple being dressed in the Sunday attire of
pioneer times, girls and boys riding double on
horseback without saddles, showing how they
went to church in olden times. This was one of
the most attractive features of the procession, the
young 1 adies especially conducting themselves
with becoming grace, and appeared as if they
were inspired with the spirit of their grandmoth-
ers. An old dilapidated wagon drawn. by oxen was
loaded with the old-fashioned loom, spinning
wheel, flax wheel and reel, and an old plow was
followed by most of our modern machinery in the
shape of reapers, mowers, harrows, etc. After
these a man dressed in Indian costume on his
pony, ladies and gentlemen in modern style in
buggies and carriages, the fire engine drawn by
members of the base-ball clubs in uniform, and a
modern child-wagon with children was drawn by
a very small donkey.

Col. William Ross was the first president and
Marcellus Ross the first secretary. The record
is rather indefinite until 1877, when William A.
Grimshaw was chosen president and William H.
Johnson secretary. Each held the office for nine

consecutive years. In 1877 J- M. Bush, Sr., was
chosen president and held the office for five years
at intervals. Jason A. Rider was secretary for
six years. A. L. Galloway was president two
years ; M. D. Massie was president for five years
at intervals ; W. B. Grimes, secretary for three
years. Jon Shastid, president three years at in-
tervals ; Asa C. Matthews, president four years,
and is the present incumbent. Will S. Binns has
been secretary for ten years, and is the present
incumbent. At one of the meetings at Barry, the
citizens presented Hon. William A. Grimshaw
with a fine silver set, and at New Canton, old and
young settlers presented William H. Johnson
with a gold-headed ebony cane. The presents
were given as a fitting token to the gentlemen
for long and faithful services. The old settlers'
meetings have been held at Blue Creek, Pitts-
field, Barry, Griggsville, New Salem, Kinder-
hook, New Canton, Pleasant Hill and Eldara.
The different towns each gave interesting pro-
grams, intespersed with addresses by noted citi-
zens at home and abroad, music, old relics, pic-
tures of departed pioneers and other interesting
matters, that made the day one of recreation and
pleasure that will always keep the towns and the
entertainers bright for the dear old memories
awakened.

"Say, Bill, don't you remember when you an' me

was small,
How all the houses looked so big, an' all the trees

so tall,
An' we could look an' see jest where the sky come

to the ground?
'Twas jest about a mile from us, fer all the way

around.
An' that, to us, was all the world ; we knowed of

nothin' more.
Our knowledge of earth's magnitude was jest

about "two by four."
An' we never knowed no better till one day when

Uncle Ike
Come drivin' like the mischief, down that old

river pike,
An' stoppin' sudden at our gate, he said that

Uncle Jim

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Was at his house, most awful sick, an' we all went

home with him.
An' you an' me both sot behind in that old wagon

box,
An' jolted us 'most inside out, o'er stumps and

roots and rocks,
Till Uncle struck that prairie road, an' started

toward the sun ;
That's where the "spreadin-out process" in you

an' me begun.
We noticed that the place where earth had always

met the sky

Was jest as far ahead of us, an' we both won-
dered why,
An' ever since that day, dear Bill, the earth an'

sky's been growin'.
But, Oh ! the years have gone so fast ; so short the

time for sowin'.
But lookin' back along the paths that you and me

have trod,
I think I see at every turn the guidin' had of

God.
From that small world whose bound'ry was where

heaven touched the ground,
To this great, boundless universe ; along the road

I've found
That when the path seemed darkest, and my soul

was filled with dread,

If I reached my hand out heavenward, I was al-
ways safely led.
But, thinkin' of that startin' point, and how things

have spread out,
I wonder, when this life is done, if we're not jest

about
Ready to start in on one that's always goin' to

grow,
An' spread, an' widen, an' expand, an' like a river

flow,
Until our knowledge has no bound — our joy is

unconfined,
An' we become like unto God — in love, an' soul,

an' mind."

EARLY EVENTS.

The first three couples married in Pike county
under license law were: First, Peter J. Sax-
bury and Matilda Stanley, on June 27, 1827, by
Nathaniel Hinckly, J. P. ; second, William Foster

and Elizabeth Sconce, on August n, 1827, by
William Ross, J. P.; third, William White and
Barbara Sapp, on August 20, 1827, by James
W. Whiting, J. P., best known as my "Lord
Coke." There were great weddings in the old
days. The ceremony was very impressive and
taught that it was "till death do us part." The
happy bridegroom certainly felt as Shakespeare
expresses it in his Two Gentlemen of Verona:

"Why, man, she is mine own ;
And I as rich in having such a jewel,
As twenty seas, if all their sands were pearls,
The water nectar and the rocks pure gold.

Too sacred to be spoken."

The old-time political meetings were often a
source of pleasure as well as a gathering of
knowledge as to how "we" are saving the country
and how the other fellows are about to dump
the whole outfit into ruin. An old party man
related a good one illustrative of the often long
and tedious speeches that were so common.

"Old man Cinnattus was to speak at one of the
river towns and he began at the creation and
apologized and explained for an hour and the
fellow who went with him had often heard the
old straw threshed over and he said to a man
near by, 'I will take a nap and when the old man
gets down to where Washington crossed the Del-
aware wake me up.' " It is not so now, as a read-
ing public will not submit to long and tiresome
harangues as of old.

The county's amusements have been good and
sufficient, and the old and young generations have
perhaps properly mixed labor and recreation, the
older ones are yet wishing for the old-fashioned
one-ring circus, and it is a pleasant remembrance
to recall the old-time funmakers and entertainers,
the old clowns, Dan Rice, Bill Lake and Den
Stone, and the proprietors were Van Amburg,
Sands, Caldwell, Bailey, Mabie, Robbins, Bar-
num and a host of others that willingly exchanged
fun and the glittering tinsel of the sawdust arena
for the public's quarters and halves, and after a
day at the circus and a good social mixing with
their neighbors, all returned to their homes and
buckled down to hard work till the next and only

OLD COURTHOUSE

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

125

greatest came along. It was ever thus, and the old
fellows are still attending "jist" to take the chil-
dren.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Forty-five years ago a merchant here had a
big lot of eggs which he had taken in trade at
three cents a dozen. The demand was so poor
he concluded to pack them and ship them to St.
Louis. Here is the result:

180 dozen eggs

One barrel

Two bushels oats. . . .
Freight and hauling. .

Total...

$5-40

30

80

. ..,75

•$7-25

In about four days he heard from them. St.
Louis was overstocked and his shipment sold for
three cents a dozen. After paying a small sum
for commission he had $5.00 left. Now the same
number of eggs would net at his door about $30.

About those times a dressed hog would sell
for $1.50 per hundred, and nearly all farm prod-
ucts were dull sale and at low prices. Now the
public have good prices for all farm stuff, and all
supplies are very cheap as compared with the
past. Progress, demand, competition and most
excellent facilities of transportation make this
the golden age.

This township had a venerable old citizen,
John Hardesty, an old-time pedagogue, who was
an auctioneer at a sale in Scott county when
Stephen A. Douglas, afterward the "little giant
of Illinois," was the clerk of the sale. He al-
ways referred with pride to the fact that he had
given the young Green Mountain boy his first
job in Illinois. Mr. Hardesty and the great
Douglas entered the dreamless sleep that knows
no waking, in the same year.

Peter J. Saxbury, the first man married in
Pike county under the license law, in 1827, was
a native of New York, and attended the same
school with Martin Van Buren ; who was eighth
president of the United States. He was a resi-

dent here from 1826 to his death, about 1869.
Had the high honor of having all of his sons in
the Federal army: Benjamin in the Sixteenth
Illinois, Edison in the Ninety-ninth Illinois, and
James in the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh
Illinois.

The old-time wheat harvest was a great one as
compared to the present. When the first Mc-
Cormick reaper was used here it was a wonder-
ful attraction and the driver and raker were
looked upon as great people to manage such an
intricate machine. Then there were six or eight
binders, several shockers and a whiskey and wa-
ter boy ; so the harvest was an expensive one.
Then, came the dropper, and manv said the
heights had been reached and there could be
nothing better. Next the self-binder, and now
instead of nearly twenty men three or four men
can harvest a hundred-acre field with less than
one-fourth the expense of the old way.

The writer has ridden a horse to tramp out
wheat, before threshing machines were in use,
and saw the wheat winnowed in a sheet. Next
saw the old-fashioned flail in use, the sickle and
then the cradle for cutting wheat. Now all is
changed, and the present generation hardly real-
izes how primitive things were in our grand-
father's days.

A little over fifty years ago the writer was
explaining a water telegraph system that was in
use in this county at the Wike woolen mill and
on the farm now owned by John Kendrick. The
old man who was a listener said, "Now, my son,
don't tell me that." As I was trying to assure the
old man it was true he said, "You young rascal,
don't lie to me. It can't be did." A week later
the old man saw it in operation, and the next
thing he did was to hunt up the boy and say. "My
boy, I ax your pardon. It is the truth you tell
me. I seed it with my own eyes."

In 1847 James Hyde, now a resident of Lin-
coln. Illinois, and in the ninety-second year,
taught school here. Solomon Shewe, Sr., who was
a resident here for nearly forty years, was in the

126

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY;

early days an Ohio river boatman, and saw the
celebrated Mike Fink shoot the cup of whiskey
off of Carpenter's head. And later, when their
friendship waned, he saw Fink after he had pur-
posely killed Carpenter by aiming below the cup
and- putting the ball in his forehead.

It is not generally known but it is true that in
1846 to 1850 what is now Cincinnati Landing
was the larg'est and most business-like town in
the county. It had several stores, a large lumber
and grist mill, a beef and pork packing establish-
ment, and was the point of entry for nearly all of
Pike county. The largest New Orleans boats
came there, and took their entire cargoes of
wheat, corn, beef, pork and other produce that
had accumulated during the winter. In those
days there were two lines of steamers every day
from St. Louis to Keokuk.

Not so many decades ago Pike county had
twenty-four mills, fifteen pork packing plants,
three woolen mills, six tobacco factories and a
few foundries. But now changed conditions
have closed all but three or four flour mills, and
yet the old county is one of the best in an agri-
cultural way, but very poor in manufactures.

Pike county was organized January 31, 1821,
and in 1830 had 2,396 inhabitants. In 1880 it had
the largest population, 33,761 ; in 1900, only

31,595-

In war times Pike county had some citizens
that were as useful at home as those at the front.
A few that I knew in various parts of the country
were highly esteemed by home folk as well as
the boys in the field. The writer at one time sent
nearly $10,000 to the following for distribution
to their families and home friends from the Nine-
ty-ninth boys: L. L. Talcott, Pittsfield; Benjamin
D. Brown, Barry; Amos Morey, New Canton;
S. B. Gaines, Kinderhook, and others that I do
not now recall. The money, representing several
months of service of the soldier boys, was
promptly turned over to those that were named
in the instructions, and riot a cent of charges
would any of those splendid old citizens take.
Their hands and hearts were ever open to the
families of the soldier boys. John McTucker, of
Barry, and Amos Morey, of New Canton, were

about the only citizens that Grand Army posts
were named after.

In 1862 when the Pikers of the Ninety-ninth
were in Texas county, Missouri, S. S. Burdett,
who was afterward commander of the national
Grand Army of the Republic, was quartermaster
for General Warren's brigade, he was called upon
by a native who said, "Are you the quatamasta ? I
come to get a voucha for some cohn you alls' men
took from me." "How much?" asked Burdett.
"Well, sah, there was a heap of it." "Well, how
many bushels ?" "There was a great pile of it."
"Was.it loo or 500 bushels?" "Well, sah, there
was a right smart chance of it." "Well, I will
give you a voucher for a right smart chance of
corn," said the quartermaster, and that was the
end of it. Another native asked for some powder
and shot to shoot a few squirrels with, as his boy
had the ager. I met Burdett in Washington a
few years ago, and he was yet having fun at the
thought of the yokels of the Ozarks.

"When I was a small lad I stopped one night at
the house of Colonel Seeley, who was known as
the 'easy sheriff' of Pike county. He earned the
title by paying taxes for other men when he was
sheriff and collector, they paying him when more
convenient, and 'tis said he lost but little by ad-
vancing for them. A good old-time story is told
of a seeker for office meeting one of the voters,
telling his mission and who he was. The voter
said, 'I don't know you, never heard of you.'
'Why, you should know me. I am a son-in-law of
Colonel Seeley.' The honest rustic said, 'Who
the devil is Colonel Seeley?' But the son-in-law
was elected all the same.

"After Colonel Barney, well known here as
'Uncle Ben,' left Atlas he made his home between
New Canton and Kinderhook. He was a promi-
nent and useful citizen, and a great friend of the
Pike county soldiers of the Civil war. His son
John was killed at Jackson, Mississippi, in 1863, a
member of the Twenty-eighth Illinois. Pike
county had another 'Uncle Ben,' B. D. Brown, of
Barry, that will always be remembered as one of
old Pike's grand old men."

"J. W. Reed was ferninst us'ns and was with
Gen. John Morgan. He told a good story of a
mother's kindness to him and three other Johnnies

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

127

that were cut off from Morgan's men in Tennes-
see in 1864. The good old soul fed and housed
them, and kept them an extra day to rest up.
When they left her cabin home in the Tennessee
mountains she filled their haversacks with fried
chicken, young squirrels and biscuits and butter.
When the boys wanted to pay her out of what
little Confederate money they had, she said no,
she was only doing for them what she hoped
some one would do for her boy.

"One of the listeners asked Reed where the
good woman was. He said, 'In heaven.' The in-
quirer said, 'How do you know?' 'Say, fellow,
don't you think I know? Of course I do. All
women of her kind are there, because she fed
the hungry and did her duty in a way that in-
sured her a crown of glory."

In the days when tramps first invaded old
Pike, a weary walker canvassed New Canton and
vicinity for all its people would hand out, and
then wended his way to Barry. There he struck
"Uncle Gumry and Dr. Baker. The first was
rich in money ; the other was rich in his jolly
and generous ways, but did not have pennies
where Uncle Gumry had dollars. Each gave
the tramp half a dollar and Dr. Baker said, "My
good man, you should be very grateful, as this
poor man (Uncle G.) has given you as much as
I." Both are on the other shore, but Barry and
New Canton will long remember them for their
good citizenship.

In 1859, an incident in regard to the way
passers of counterfeit money did, occurred. A
well-dressed and fine-looking man came here on
horseback, -stopped at the store of Amos Moore,
bought a 25 cent saddlegirth, gave a $10 bill,
took 'the change and departed. Mr. Morey dis-
covered later that the bill was a counterfeit. Two
weeks later he was in St. Louis and went down to
see the morning boat come in, as he expected to
meet a Barry man.

As he was going on the boat he saw the
counterfeiter, and called his attention to the fact
lie had a bad bill he had passed on him up in
Illinois. The fellow said, "I will see you in a
moment and make it all right." "Now is the
moment." said Mr. Morey, "and I insist that it
be now attended to." The fellow was profuse
8

in apologies, said it was not intended, and gave
him a new State Bank of Missouri $10 bill, the
best bank in existence in wildcat money times,
taking back his counterfeit.

After the close of the war a grand Charity
Ball was given at New Canton, which netted
$100 in cash for the deserving poor of Pleasant
Vale township. A noted attorney from St. Louis,
a Mr. Jones, W. A. Grimshaw and J. M. Bush,
Sr., were attendants and added to the exchequer
and everybody but Mr. Grimshaw tripped the
light fantastic toe. It was the talk of the town.
How happy and generous all were for sweet
charity's sake.

An amusing incident occurred when Tyre Jen-
nings, one of the county's best old-time farmers,
was elected to the General Assembly. Old Un-
cle John Benson, one of the observant and well-
to-do farmers, enquired, "Who got to -go to the
Legislature ?" The answer was "Tyre Jennings,"
and the old man in great astonishment said,
"What! Send Jennings? Why did they not send
Gumry or Grubb? They've got clothes." He
thought Jennings as a plain old farmer would
not make a presentable appearance in the old-
fashioned clothes of that date that the farmers
wore.

Back 'in the old days the seekers for office made
calls on the older and most prominent citizens, and
one called on William Turner, ah eccentric and
blunt old citizen, who was justice of the peace
and postmaster at the time, and was prominent
and well liked for his many good traits. "My

name is and I am a candidate for

and I understand you are one of the well known
and highly connected citizens." "Well, yes, I
guess I am. There was a wedding yesterday
that made me kin to the d — dest set of hog
thieves ever in Illinois."

Another incident in the old postmaster's plain
' speech. He kept a small stock of goods in con-
nection with the postoffice. A man who stam-
mered came to him and said, "Squeer, I wa-want
to get a s-s-eet of cu-cups and saucers, and I will
pay you Saturday." As the old postmaster was
wrapping them up the man said, "I-I-I am honest
and will pay you." The old postmaster set them
back on the shelf and said, "See here, feller, if you

128

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

will go out in town and get any one else to say
that, I will give you the cups and saucers."

Mr. Turner was postmaster for many years,
and is kindly remembered for his obliging and af-
fable, though blunt ways. In those days the sal-
ary was only about $40 a year, and the mails were
few and far between. Mr. Turner had a brother
here who boasted of the honor of seeing and
shaking hands with Marquis de Lafayette, who
visited America in 1825.

John Webb was an early settler, a successful
business man for many years. He had a store in
New Canton from about 1840 to 1852, and left
here very rich.

Among the old ones just after the war we had
a very positive and circumspect citizen that was
noted for his big "I." Once in a discussion re-
garding spelling and pronouncing, the boys re-
ferred him to Noah Webster as authority. The
old fellow said, "That's all right, but that's where
me and Mr. Webster differ."

We had an old minister once that was very
plain, and would make himself very agreeable to
the common sinner as well as the plated one. Some
of the "better than thou" crowd said, "He is los-
ing his dignity and we fear impairing his influ-
ence by being too sociable with the common
crowd." But he did not. Many a man has en-
deared himself to the populace by plain ways, and
mingling with the ordinary mortals.

When Lincoln's monument was dedicated
shortly after the close of the war, many Pike
county people were in attendance, and were pro-
fuse in praise of General Shermar, "Old Tecum-
seh" and "Uncle Billy," as he was called because
he marched in the procession with the boys from
the public square to Oak Ridge. It was noted,
and will be forever remembered that Grant, Sher-
man, Canby and other noted generals that Pike
county boys were with, were loved for their
plain and affable ways.

It pays in all the walks of life to be manly,
kind, affable and considerate with others, and
that is the secret, an open one, why so many Pike
county people and people elsewhere are so highly
esteemed, past and present. They knew others
had rights and were willing to so admit. I re-
member vividly and gratefully many good men

and women here and elsewhere who, though plain
citizens, have left their impress on the times, and
did their duty well.

Pike county is now eighty- four years old, and
in the years that have flown it has had a good
record. Its people have sized up with other
counties and it has had its share of joys and
sorrows. It has kept up with the march of civili-
zation and progress, and in the years to come
its people will be found on the right and onward
march for all time.

In the old wildcat banking days, "befo' the wah,
sah," when all the village had banks of issue,
on paper only but was registered at the state capi-
tal, there was a Farmer's Bank of New Canton.

About a year after its establishment, on paper
only, a man came riding into town with an old-
fashioned saddlebag full of the bills, well printed
and on fair paper, looking for the bank with its
capital of $50,000, to have the bills redeemed in
gold or silver But as he had no microscope or
search warrant he failed to locate it.

It should be stated in justice to our citizens
that no one here knew anything of it, nor had any
part in the transaction. But that is the way
many of the old-time banks of issue were con-
ducted. The sharper that could get a lot of al-
leged securities could deposit them in the state
auditor's office, and then the bank was a go, and
the man who took the bills was a goner.

The only paper money of those days that was
not at a discount was the State Bank of Missouri
at St. Louis. Those were the times when coon
skins were taken for taxes. When the first issue
of greenbacks or demand notes were in circu-
lation they were discounted here five per cent.
and soon afterwards were at a fine premium. In
the old days every man in business had a bank
detector, and would refer to it every time a bill
was offered to ascertain its worth, and whether
it was genuine or a counterfeit.

We had reformers, too, in the past. One man
here went into the only store in town and bought
all the light literature, or "yellow back novels"
as they were called, and made light of them by
burning to stop the sale and use of them. The
whole lot cost him $4.00, but others were printed
and sold "allee same." Another man wanted the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

129

apple and peach orchards cut down to stop fruit
distilling. They recall the fable of the ox and the
fly. The latter said, "I beg your pardon for light-
ing on your horn." "Don't mention it," said the
ox. "I did not know you were there."

The old style harvest of half a century ago
was a curiosity as compared with the present.
The wheat fields were small and two or three
stout men would start out in the morning with
the old-fashioned grapevine cradles. A boy fol-
lowed each cradler to straighten out the wheat
for the binder, who tied it in bundles for the
shocker. The harvest began after an early break-
fast. At nine o'clock a lunch was brought to the
field, with whiskey for an appetizer and butter-
milk, sweet milk, coffee or water, as the taste
of the man required. Then at noon a heavy din-
ner with another "jigger" of whiskey, at three in
the afternoon another lunch and at sundown a
big supper and more whiskey. It was rather re-
markable with so much whiskey thai there was
no drunkenness.

After the harvest came the stacking and then
the threshing with the flail or tramping out with
horses. The harvests were long and tedious, but
all went well and the people seemed happy in the
primitive ways. That sytle of wheat cutting re-
quired over a dozen men and boys. Now the
work that then took a whole day can be done by
a man and boy in a few hours.

The old-time corn crops were slow but sure.
The ground was usually plowed by oxen and the
old wooden moldboard plows, the seed dropped
by hand and covered with a hoe. The weeds were
kept down with a hoe and sometimes a small
plow. The crops, however, were generally good,
and the old-timers were very happy in the pos-
session of a small piece of land and an abun-
dance of the earth's bounties.

In 1825 when Lewis Turner, a resident of
New Canton for many years, saw the Marquis
de Lafavette at St. Louis, he told how great was
the enthusiasm and respect shown the noted
Frenchman, and how primitive things were. Mr.
Turner often spoke of the changes from 1825 to
about 1865, when he passed away. Could he now

see the remarkable transformation in the forty
year.s that have come and gone, he would be ask
ing, "What next? Can there be anything else
wonderful to happen?" The onward march has
been startling and surprising and to the observer
who is of an optimistic turn great changes will
yet occur.

"Tis always morning somewhere, and above
The awakening continents from shore to
shore,

Somewhere the birds are singing evermore."

And 'tis always morning with progressive people
here and elsewhere.

My first trip from Quincy to Chicago was
made in eighteen hours over the old Northern
Cross Railroad, now the C. B. & Q., and my first
trip from New Canton to New York was made in
seventy-two hours. Now it can be made in less
than thirty hours and the trip to Chicago in about
nine hours. When a boy I stemmed tobacco for
a German cigarmaker .that was ten months in
crossing the ocean. Now it is made in a week and
often less. In the old times it took part of a day
and a night to get to St. Louis, now the trip can
be made in four hours. From ocean to ocean is
now traveled in as many days as it took months
fifty years ago.

Up ,to the year 1860 our people kept up with
the march of civilization and progress as best
they could, and were apparently contented with
old-fashioned ways. But about that time the
Hannibal & Naples Railroad was surveyed, and
the prospect was fair enough for the iron horse
to be soon crossing the country between the Mis-
sissippi and Illinois rivers, where for many years
the stagecoach had held supreme sway. Then
several of the old-time citizens engaged largely
in getting out ties. The right of way was piled
high with many thousand ties that were never
used, as there was a hitch somewhere in the rosy
outlook. The ties rotted and caused great loss
to many men.

Soon after the war a new start was made, and
the road now known as the Wabash was built.
In 1871 the Quincy, Alton & St. Louis was built

1 3o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

by General Singleton and Mr. Woods, of Phila-
delphia. It is known now as the Louisville
branch of the C. B. & Q. R. B. Lewis was
the engineer, and Mr. Lionburger the man who
secured the right of way and very generous dona-
tions from the citizens and along the route. New
Canton people were liberal givers, and for a
while it was the connecting link between St. Louis
and St. Paul. The Keokuk & Northwestern was
built later on the west side of the river, and soon
took the through business from this line, but it
has been a great convenience to the west side
of the county for its mail, passenger and freight
service, and we are all glad that we have it.

The first general freight and passenger agent
was N. D. Munson, of Quincy, who was after-
ward secretary of the Illinois railroad and ware-
house commission. The following gentlemen
were Mr. Munson's successors: General Dana,
Mr. Miles, Mr. Crampton, Col. W. P. Moore,
and the present able and courteous agent, E. F.
Bradford.

In the roseate days of steamboating Cincinnati
Landing had a noted character for mischief and
goodness. A rare combination, but such was
"old" John Blain. He would care for the sick,
render any favor possible for him, and then lie
awake to think up some harmless mischief to play
upon someone, friend or stranger. In peach time
(and in the old times there were many fine or-
chards) a boat crowded with passengers stopped
at the landing to take on about 1,500 sacks of
wheat. Old John came around eating a peach,
with two in his hand. A passenger asked him
where he could buy some. The old mischief said,
"Out by the slough bridge there is a big peach
orchard, and the owner will give you all you can
eat."

The passenger said, "Captain, how long will
the boat be here?" "About an hour. I will
ring the bell and you will have time enough." At
that moment all on board were suddenly peach-
hungry and over a hundred started on the run.
Then old John wandered up the river, as his joke
had caught with a vengeance. The passengers
went to the bridge, and up and down the slough
for a quarter of a mile. Presently the bell rang

and then there was a free-for-all race back to the
boat. There was not a peach orchard within five
miles of the Landing. Old John was conveni-
ently out of sight, and did not go to the boat land-
ing for weeks, as he was afraid someone would
catch him.

This township had a worthy old citizen, Moses
Morey, who was present at a meeting of com-
missioners in 1828 or 1829, on the bluffs along
the Mississippi river when a county and town
were to be named. After considerable deliber-
ation one man said : "John Quincy Adams is our
President, and I propose that the new county
(then a part of old Pike) be named Adams and
the town (that was then partly platted) be
called Quincy." It was so ordered and Pike has
always been proud of the Gem City and Adams
county.

Shortly after, it was said by an old citizen,
Col. William Ross, 'that Quincy would not make
much of a town as it was too close to Atlas. But,
alas, "the plans of mice and men gang aft aglee."
Atlas is still here and has about held its own,
while Quincy has got to be "a right peart town."
with 40,000 people.

In 1865 Amos Morey and Eli Lyons visited
Quincy to purchase a boiler for the mill then
being built here, and they asked the boiler maker
to put it on the levee and close up the flues. The
man said, "What boat will take it?" "We will
float it down." Nearly all said it would sink and
be lost, and the word was passed around that a
couple of suckers from Pike county were going
to roll a twenty-foot boiler in the river and float
it down to Cincinnati Landing. So a crowd of
five or six hundred gathered to see the boiler
go to the bottom. It cost $850 and a number were
sorry to see the owner lose so much money.
But at the word "Let her go," it was soon in the
water and floated like a duck. It was brought
into the cut-off and down the Sny, and hauled
from there to the mill, where it did service for
over twenty years.

Before the Sny levee was built the bottom
lands were a free grazing place for great herds
of cattle and many acquired riches in that way.
The levee project soon had that class up in arms
Against it, but the onward march of civilization

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and progress soon changed the wild into bounti-
ful harvest fields. About that time the vicinity
had a number of rich and enterprising men who
assisted in nearly all worthy enterprises for the
general good, and their impress on the country
and the welfare will last through succeeding gen-
erations.

Forty years ago the federal troops under Gen-
eral Canby were investing Spanish Fort and
Blakely in Alabama. Mat McKinney, an Iowa
boy, who was orderly for the Pike county brigade,
told one evening while sitting around the bivouac
fire a story that was fully illustrative of the mod-
esty of the greatest soldier of modern times.
"General Carr gave me an order to take to Gen-
eral Grant's headquarters near Vicksburg. When
I was about half way there I saw a man sitting
on his horse and I knew from his clothes he was
one of our boys. So I saluted and said, 'Can you
tell me the way to General Grant's camp?' 'I am
going there, you can ride with me.' He was going
on a quick-stepping horse and I had to thump my
old plug to keep up. But I kept alongside of him
and presently he asked, 'Do you want to see Grant
or his adjutant?' I said, 'I have papers for Gen-
eral Rawlins.' 'That is his tent,' and just then a
darky took the man's horse and I found I had
been riding with General Grant. I almost fell
off my horse in surprise, as he was the first gen-
eral I ever rode beside. With all the others I
had to keep in the rear."

Following the list of steamboats and their
captains, the names of a few of their patrons of
"aid lang syne" may be interesting. At Barry
was Shields & Lillis. Angle, Brown & Crandall,
Montgomery Blair, Hammond & Green. Thomas
Gray, Gorton & Dutton, White Brothers. C. & S.
Davis, Elisha Hurt, Sweet & Mallory and E. W.
Blades.

Kinderhook : Hull & Orr, Alex. Anderson, J.
W. Mellon, David Devoe, S. B. Gaines and Hull
& Colvin. Eldara : Alex. Dubois, Smith & Hacl-
sell, Dr. Landrum, Burke & Davis, Freeman &
Lippincott and Jones & Easley.

New Canton : John Webb, S. Gay, Shipman &
Freeman, William P. Freeman, P. H. Davis.
Amos Morev, Warriner & Blain, Dobbins & Min-

ton and Massie & Gray. In those times all
named were large shippers of produce and re-
ceivers of goods.

The pork packing industry was well repre-
sented in the three towns, and in 1865 when
Amos Morey and Bradford Uppinghouse started
the flour mill here they often had orders for flour
to go west, as at that time there were no flour
mills in what is now the Central West. At a time
when wheat was scarce they had orders for flour
at $20 a barrel at the mill. Frequently corn was
shippped from here at seventy-five cents to a dol-
lar a bushel. That was usually in the spring,
when the southern planters most needed corn,
and also before they knew that corn could be
raised in the South. The highest price for corn
ever known here was $1.29 per bushel. Wheat
was $2.50 to $3.00 per bushel, pork $25 per bar-
rel, lard $50 per tierce, hogs 12 1-2 cents per
pound net.

A recent number of Everybody's Magazine
has an article in which the wrecking by cannon
and musket balls of the steamer Empress on the
lower river in war time recalls the trip before
that of the Empress. Col. Dan Bush of the Sec-
ond Illinois Cavalry, and now of Portland, Ore-
gon, and the writer, made a trip from St. Louis
to New Orleans when Capt. Sam Rider, of Pike
county, and his brother Jason, who was afterward
circuit clerk of Pike county, were in command of
the Empress, and we with the other passengers
enjoyed the trip, and felt gratified that we es-
caped the bushwhackers. On her next trip she
was shot nearly to pieces and partially wrecked.
Capt. Sam Rider and Captain Abrams were Illi-
nois river captains, and were highly esteemed
by all who knew them.

Near New Canton is a wonderful spring that
is known as Salt Spring, and its healing bene-
ficial waters will rank with any others in curing
many of the ills mankind is afflicted with. An
analysis of the water made several years ago
showed salt, sulphur, magnesia and carbonate of
iron. The water never freezes, and when a heavy
snow is on the ground there is an open space of

132

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

fifty feet in diameter that the snow stands as
though an artist had smoothed its walls.

It is a great laxative, and a most excellent
anti-scorbutic. Some day it will be better known
and its healing qualities sought. About twenty
years ago the owner, the late James D. Rupert,
put some pipes in the spring and had a tin cir-
cus put on top, and the heavy flow of the water
upward kept the objects constantly in motion,
greatly to the delight of old and young.

One beautiful balmy day in October, the sunny
golden month of the year, there was said by care-
ful estimate to have been fully 2,000 visitors,
coming from Pittsfield and many of the nearby
towns. A man once ran a fifteen-foot pole down
in the center of the spring, and as soon as he
let go of it it was shot out in the air its full
length.

It may be given as a reason for its not being
fitted up and utilized as a health resort, that it is
on very low land, and as the bottom is slowly fill-
ing up from the floods of Kizer creek it may in
the near future come into greater prominence.
It is known to be a sure cure for eczema and el-
cosis. Louisiana's spring is of the same charac-
ter. Rails county, Mo., also has a like one.

In the old whig days of 1840, Harrison and
Tyler were the candidates, and the cry was, "Tip-
pecanoe and Tyler, too," log cabins and hard
cider. Charles T. Brewster, Hiram Smith and
others went from here to Springfield with ox
teams, a miniature log cabin and several barrels of
hard cider to attend a great whig gathering of
that time. The trip took about two weeks. Now
it could be made by rail in a few hours.

C. T. Brewster, Hiram Smith and Jesse Titts-
worth were the men who laid out New Canton
in 1835 and at the sale af town lots the prices
were from $7 to $75. David Dutton, who died in
1854, had the first apple orchard in this town-
ship about 1825, and the fruit was very good,
people came long distances to buy. Old-time
citizens, like Hazen Pressy, Mr. Nesmith and D.
A. Shaw, who resided on the old mail route from
Quincy to Pittsfield, came every season to buy,
till they raised orchards of their own.

When John Wood, afterward Governor of Il-

linois, and Mr. Keyes were on their way to what
is now Quincy, they camped here on the creek,
which was afterward named Keyes creek, now
called Kizer.

Answering the query, "Did slavery ever exist
in Pike county or Illinois ?" No, but there was a
mighty effort to make the state slave territory. At
an election in 1822, when Edward Coles was
elected governor, there then was an incidental
test vote that showed about 2,000 in favor of mak-
ing Illinois a slave state, but as the new governor
was a strong opponent of the traffic in human
chattels the great curse for Illinois was averted.

At an old-time public dinner were given the
following toasts: "The means of introducing
and spreading the African family." (Three
cheers. ) "The enemies of the convention ; may
they ride a porcupine saddle on a hard trotting
horse a long journey, without money or friends."
"The state of Illinois. The ground is good, prai-
ries in abundance; give us plenty of negroes, a
little industry and she will distribute her treasure."

Thus many of the old-timers felt, and it lasted
for nearly forty years. It received its first quietus,
however, during the great debate of Lincoln and
Douglas in 1858, when Douglas said, "It matters
not to me whether slavery is voted up or down,"
and the great Lincoln answered, "It does matter
to me. I hope to live so long that under God I
may see every man a freeman." And by the bless-
ing of the great Father and the Union army his
hope was realized.

The writer has seen the auction block in the
old slave states, and witnessed a few sales of
mothers from their children. Pleasant Vale has
to-day a worthy colored citizen whose mother was
sold away from him when he was about six
months old.

Pike county had a few stations on what was
known as the underground railroad in slavery
times. Many honored old citizens were often
very severely censured because they sheltered and
fed the runaway negroes. Oftentimes a negro
would be captured and returned and the captor
receive $50 or $100, and be looked upon as a great
hero by many for his bravery in capturing a poor
fugitive from slavery.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

133

Old Pike is perhaps as well known as any
county in any of the states. About thirty-five
years ago I was in a city in Indiana and was pre-
sented to an old gentleman as from Illinois.
"What part?" "Pike county." 'Well, that's my
old home. I resided there thirty-five years ago,
and knew Ross, Scott, Barney, Grimshaw, Blair,
Horton and the Burnetts. I never shall forget
that good old county. It was a veritable garden
spot then, and I presume it has made great strides
forward since I was there." Well, if he could
come from the echoless shore he would see the
best county in the state, where all are happy and
contented, if they so will it, and where we have
no famines, but an abundance and to spare.

Some one, unidentified, at a gathering where
they had a feast, when the toasts were on tap, re-
sponded to the sentiment, "Man :"

"Here's to the man that has nothing to wear;
Nothing to live for but trouble and care.
He dies ; he goes — we know not where.
If he's all right here, boys, he's all right there."

That expresses a very broad kind of Pike
county religion and will fit many other counties
and states. The old county has its share; good,
bad and indifferent, but the good predominates.

In the past titles were few. It was plain Mr.,
or Uncle Dick, Uncle Jack or Grandpa Smith.
Now all are judges, colonels or generals. This
recalls the remark of a new arrival in this country
who said, "Phat a great war they had; all the
privates killed entirely, only colonels and gen-
erals left."

At the meeting of the army of the Tennessee
in Chicago, when General Grant returned from
his tour around the world, a lot of big guns were
at the Palmer House. There was a sort of love
feast there and all the old boys were taken in and
introduced to the notables. An old doctor from
Indianapolis was among them, and when the Pike
county boy was introduced as captain the old
doctor said, "Why, bless you, Captain, shake
again. I am glad to see you. I have been here
three days and you are the only ordinary mortal
I have met. I feel at home now. Shake."

Recently an incident at Jackson, Miss., in 1863,
was recalled. During the afternoon, when the

sharpshooters of both armies were lying in wait
for a shot at each other, the Johnnies were making
it hot for our boys. In one squad was a very
talkative soldier that annoyed his captain with
many useless questions. At last the officer said to
him, "Keep still, you will draw the Yanks' fire."
After a short silence he said, "Say, Cap, don't
you think South Carolina was jist a leetle bit
hasty in fetching on this yer wah ?"

One night at Vicksburg a few 99th boys were
on guard near the chevau de frieze, or sharpened
sticks as the boys called them. While the lonely
hours wore away, and both sides were watching
for the gray dawn, one of the 99th said, "Say,
Johnnie, don't you want some paper for some flat
tobacco?" The exchange was made and our boy
inquired, "What regiment is yours?" "The I4th
Georgia, sah, what regiment is you all's ?" "The
99th Illinois." "Gee whiz! How many regiments
has that state got?" England remembers York-
town, the world remembers Appomattox and Pike
county will never forget Vicksburg. There in
the national cemetery of 16,000 federals old Pike
has many a gallant boy.

Rev. Father Newman, the good old-time Meth-
odist who said to a fashionable and as he intimated
a rather cold congregation, "If you hear that Mr.
A, the rich man, is sick, you need not go to see
him as he has all the attention needed. But if -you
hear that Mr. B, the poor man, is sick, go. He
will need you. Take supplies and minister unto
him, for as you do unto him you do unto me."

The blunt old brother knew the weakness of
the human family, and how much they were
blinded by gold and position.

In 1822, when Rock Island was in Pike county,
an election for county commissioners was held.
The county was divided into three precincts, and
as this section or precinct was the largest, David
Dutton, of this town, J. M. Seeley and O. M. Ross
of Atlas were elected. Their election was con-
tested, and it took Judge Reynolds some time
after dispossessing them to reinstate them, which
was done in September, 1822. Dutton and See-
ley I knew personally, and in a social and busi-
ness way have known many of their descendants
in the past sixty years.

134

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The first courthouse at Pittsfield cost about
$1,100. The second, which was completed in
1839, cost about $15,000. In 1843 I was with my
mother in Hodgen's store which stood about
where Clayton's hardware store is now, and some
tinners were repairing the cupola. Seeing a fire
break out on the roof I called mother's attention
to it, and in a few minutes the men about the
square extinguished it. •

The new courthouse stood until 1895, when
the present large and beautiful one was erected
to taKe the place of the old Pike county tem-
ple of justice. A very appropriate and fitting se-
lection was made at the dedication of the new
courthouse in November, 1895, when Hon. J.
M. Bush, who was at the first term of court in
the old house in 1839, was made chairman. The
exercises were very impressive and interesting.
It is sad to think of how many who participated
in the dedication of Pike's new court temple only
a decade ago have ended life's journey. But so
it is. Time and tide wait for none, and the great
reaper is constantly at work.

The old courthouse had as attorneys within
its walls many men that were noted among the
great and able men of America. Abraham Lin-
coln, "the greatest man that ever came in the tide
of time ;" Gens. E. D. Baker and John J. Hardin ;
Senators Douglas, McDougal, Richardson and
Browning; and eminent lawyers like Bushnell,
Blackwell. Hay, Higbee, Skinner and Wike.

In 1848, when Cincinnati Landing was the big
town of the county, there was an old pioneer
named Mitchell, of great physical powers but
quiet and unobtrusive, who was a resident there.
Near Barry was a good old citizen, P. McDaniel,
who was of a fiery temper, and he concluded
that Mitchell should be given a "licking" for
some alleged affront. So he went to Cincinnati
and told the men he came to give Mitchell a
thrashing, and asked where to find him. The by-
standers told him he would find Mitchell in his
field near town. McDaniel started up to meet
Mitchell, but when he came in sight of him he
found hiin grubbing and pulling up by hand the
small saplings and doing it with such ease he
did not let his mission be known, but came back

and told the boys that Mitchell was a steam stump
puller, and that the fight was postponed without
date.

It was quite lucky those times that the Samsons
were quiet and harmless unless aroused, and then
they were a terror to the intruders. In 1853 a
boat was loading flour made at the Israel mill near
Barry and the captain asked for idle men to as-
sist in loading the boat. Two Pike county giants
engaged with him. They would take a barrel of
flour under each arm and carry them on board as
easily as an ordinary man could carry a sack of
wheat. The boat was soon loaded and the extra
help paid off. The captain said he would not dare
to carry such men as, if they should become an-
gered, they would take the boat.

At another time a powerful colored man was
freight handler on one of the Keokuk packets
and the mate abused him and ended by striking
him with a light barrel stave. The darkey said,
"Look out, boss, don't do dat any more." The
mate attempted to strike again, and was caught
and held so tightly that he could not move. Then
quiet and cool the darkey said, "Boss, I don't
want to hurt you, but if you do dat again I will
crunch de life out of you." The mate desisted,
and said he was the best man in strength and
temper ever on the boat.

The county has had a few cyclones, the first
nearly sixty years ago, that destroyed the brick
dwelling of AJfred Grubb, the "Little bay horse
of Pike," as he was best known. It% was equidis-
tant between New Canton and Kinderhook. In
1855 a disastrous and perhaps the heaviest ever
in the county, passed over this town and struck
on the hills between sections 13 and 14, and 23
and 24. At the time the lands were covered with
great oak, hickory, ash and hackberry trees, and
were monarchs of the forest; some two or three
feet in diameter. The cyclone mowed them down
on the east of the hill for nearly a mile, and per-
haps two hundred feet in width. The fine timber
then destroyed would make a comfortable fortune
now. Lighter storms have done considerable
damage in Pittsfield, Derry and a few other town-
ships. Happily no loss of life occurred in any of
them.

The following towns have had disastrous fires,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

I3S

entailing great loss to the property owners and in
cases of insurance there was some remuneration.
Pittsfield, Griggsville. Barry, Rockport, New
Canton, Eldara, Kinderhook, Milton and Baylis.
Perhaps the greatest fire was when Barry was
nearly wiped out of existence in its business por-
tion. The others were great sufferers also, but
with a spirit of pluck and enterprise they were all
rebuilt and better than before.

From 1876 to 1889, when the Sny levee broke,
the owners and tenants had trying times and
great losses. A careful estimate of the losses in
the district for the years 1876, 80, 81 and 88 was
nearly one and a half million dollars. Our citi-
zens were not dismayed, but made necessary re-
pairs and soon had the lands teeming with good
crops, and our people with their adversity were
soon putting it away and striving for better
things.

" 'Tis easy enough to be pleasant
When life flows by, like a song.
But the man worth while, is the man with a

smile
When everything goes dead wrong."

This captured verse is a fair index to many of
our Pike county people, and may they ever con-
tinue to laugh at adversity.

Pike county was laid out January 31, 1821,
was named and its boundaries defined. It then
contained all the territory between the Missis-
sippi and Illinois rivers, extending east in one
portion of the line of what is now Indiana, and
north to Wisconsin. The large and populous
counties of Cook, Peoria, Adams, La Salle, with
about fifty other counties, were once in old Pike.
Now the original Pike county has a population
of nearly 3,000,000 people.

Coles Grove was its first capital, and at the first
election only thirty-five votes were cast. The
great county then had but about 750 people. Now
in the original old Pike Illinois is proud of one
city that is second in the nation, and has nearly
2.000.000 inhabitants.

John Kinzcr was Pike county's first justice
of the peace and resided near where Chicago now
is. Belus Jones was the first constable, and Na-

thaniel Shaw, a great uncle of the writer, was
Pike's first treasurer. "My Lord Coke," James
W. Whitney, was its first clerk. All these in
1821.

In that year the county commissioners issued
a tavern license to a Mr. Hinksley, and here are
the prices he was permitted to charge :

Victuals, for meal 2$c

Horsekeeping, night 37//2c

Lodging i2*/2c

Whiskey, per half pint I2l/2c

Rum and gin 25c

French brandy SGC

Wine '. tfy2c

The county seat was moved from Coles Grove
to Atlas in 1823, and from Atlas to Pittsfield in
1833. • Of the pioneers of the grand old county
the writer in his boyhood knew Cols. Ross and
Barney, Nathaniel Shaw and "My Lord Coke,"
and later Col. Seeley, David Dutton and James
Gay. The latter is now living at the age of
ninety-one in Atlas township.

James W. Whitney. "My I^ird Coke," was an
eccentric character and dressed oddly and rather
carelessly. He always had his hair tied up with
a shoestring, or something else that came handy,
in the style of the old-fashioned cue of colonial
times. He was a great show for our folks the
time he was in New Canton half a century ago.
He often visited the state capital, and would or-
ganize the lobbyists and call it the third house.
He was always a speaker, self-elected, and mon-
arch of all he surveyed. He died in 1860, over
eighty.

His last session of the "third house" was in
1857. when Bissell was governor. The writer
saw him there in his cue and quaint dress, the
observed of all. He was quite a scholar, but
lacked a balance wheel to apply his knowledge
in a practical way.

Marcellus Ross, now of California, was said
to be the first white child born in the county.
He was the first adjutant of the Ninety-ninth
Illinois regiment in 1862.

In 1821 Pike county organized the Regiment
of Pike. It was formed in two battalions and

1 36

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was to be in readiness for Indian attacks, which
were common and much feared. From that came
the old-fashioned training or muster days. The
custom passed out of observance in my boyhood
days, but the musters are remembered, and now
come up in a panoramic way, showing the motley
crowd that participated therein, with their march-
ing and counter-marching, their sweating, swear-
ing and awkwardness, as they only met once or
twice a year. Then the hucksters with their slabs
of gingerbread, cider and whiskey.

Occasionally there was considerable drunken-
ness, but there was one good feature observed. It
was an unwritten law that no boys should be al-
lowed to have whiskey or hard cider, but ginger-
bread and apples galore for the boys.

When the muster was over it was a nine days'
wonder, and then apparently forgotten till the
next meeting. The officers with their swords,
uniforms and prancing horses, the fife and drum,
recall the old verse :

"Oh, were you never a soldier,

And did you never train
And feel that swelling of the heart

You never can feel again ?"

I remember about a dozen lads at school in
the old days that had their regular floggings for
failing to memorize that and other verses.

Here is Pike county treasurer's first report,
March 5, 1822 :
Amount of money received during the

current year $765.00

Paid out 703.13

Treasurer's salary 38.25

Balance on hand 23.62

Was everybody happy those days and were
there any resentments? Perhaps the majority
were happy and there were but few resentments.
An incident in the life of "old Bullion" Thomas
H. Benton, the great Missouri senator, may fit in
here, and also apply to the present generation.
Senator Foote, of Mississippi, said to Benton one
day: "Senator Benton, I shall write a book some
day, in which you will figure very small." Ben-
ton replied quickly: "I shall write a book some
day in which you shall not figure at all."

Senator Benton was near here not many years
ago, and was to make a speech in an adjoining
town, across the river. There were people from
the two Pikes there, as well as nearly all of
Marion county, Mo. The ordinary mortals were
following everywhere he went, till he became dis-
gusted and turning to them said: "Keep away
from me. I am only a common man."

Our old Pike, in its eighty-four years of his-
tory making, has had a great host of useful and
noted men, pioneers and others that in their mod-
esty felt that they were only "common men," but
as nearly all have answered the dread summons,
those who are left hold them in veneration for
what they did for God, for home and country.
May coming generations learn the story and keep
their memories green for what they did for the
development of old Pike, and the part they played
in the march of civilization.

The early pioneers were not idle. Gradually
they subdued nature. Cabins were erected, land
cleared and the virgin soil broken. The new set-
tlement was a happy one. All were on an equality,
and sociability, generosity and neighborly kind-
ness reigned supreme.

The first settlements were invariably made near
the edge of a piece of timber and within easy
reach of a spring, many of which were found in
the townships. Some fields were, cleared and
plowed, generally with yoke of oxen, and occa-
sionally with teams of horses. This work was
hard as the soil was tough or the ground stumpy.
No extensive farming was attempted. Corn and
wheat in small quantities were raised, some flax,
oats, etc., and occasionally some settler who had
come from a southern state, would undertake to
raise cotton, but it was not considered a success
and was soon abandoned. Sheep were raised for
the wool, which was found a necessary article.
Farming was not as easily done in those days as
now. Instead of the riding plow of to-day, the
early settler was content to use the old "bar-
share" plow of rude structure and deficient
mechanism, with its wooden mold-board as nature
had fashioned it. Seed was sown or rather
brushed in by dragging a sapling with a bushy
top over the ground. Grain was harvested with
the sickle or cradle, and threshing was done with

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

137

a flail, or the grain was trodden out by horses
or oxen instead of with the modern appliances.

The resources of the early settler were very
limited. They were all poor and in debt and
everything was bought on credit. When money
was borrowed it was at an exorbitant rate of in-
terest. Corn sold at 10 cents a bushel and wheat
at yjl/2 to 40 cents for the best grade, and it was
sold on credit. All kinds of merchandise was
high, calico selling at 50 cents a yard and com-
mon domestics at 25 cents.

Parched corn, ground hickory nuts and wal-
nuts were used in place of coffee. Taxes were
paid in coon skins, or anything the farmer or
trapper could spare. The mode of travel in those
days was principally on horseback, except short
distances of a few miles, which were made on
foot. Teaming was done with oxen and wooden
wagons. Horse wagons and buggies were few.
Wearing apparel was of home manufacture. Men
wore buckskin pantaloons and coats, coonskin
caps- and moccasins or rudely made shoes for the
feet, itinerant shoemakers visiting the homes of
the settlers to supply the footwear. The women
wove and made up the material for their wear.

The living consisted principally of wild game,
pork meat and corn dodgers. Wild honey was
plentiful, also wild fruits, but vegetables were a
rarity. The habitations were log cabins. They
were built of rough logs, with mud plastered be-
tween the cracks to keep out the winter's cold.
The cabin consisted of one room, in which was
combined the sitting-room, parlor, bed-room and
kitchen. There was one door, but no windows.
The floor was of puncheon and on one side was a
large fire-place with a blackened crane for cook-
ing purposes. Overhead from the rude rafters
hung rows of well cured hams and around the
chimney were long strings of red pepper pods
and dried pumpkins. The furniture consisted of
a puncheon table, a clumsy cupboard, a couple of
bedsteads made by driving stakes in the floor,
in which were placed the uprights to support
clapboards on which the beds rested, the wall
furnishing the other support; some blocks for
seats, a spinning wheel, a well-kept gun and the
family dog. The cooking was done in iron ves-
sels on and around the log fire. If the weather

was cold, the family large or company present,
which frequently happened, the wood was piled
on so as to raise the heat and cause "all hands
to set back and give the cooks a chance."

The earliest settlers, those who came prior to
1830, were subjected to considerable trouble in
obtaining legal title to their farms. Before that
year the general government did not offer the
land for sale, and all the titles they held were
"claims." By agreement among themselves each
man was permitted to "claim" as much timber
land as he might need, generally not over a quar-
ter section, upon which he might build his cabin
and make other improvements, and woe unto the
speculator or new comer who attempted to jump
a "claim" occupied by a bonafide settler.

Pike county had a regiment of volunteers in
August, 1861, formed in one day and night, and
it was in service only about two weeks. Its brief
but useful existence will be a bit of news to our
citizens, but more especially will it be historical
reminiscence to those that were members of the
regiment that never was numbered or mustered in.

In the latter part of August, 1861, word came
to Pittsfield, Barry, Rockport and New Canton
that a body of "secesh" as they were called were
marching upon Louisiana, Mo., and as their Pike
was the other Pike that made the kingdom of
Pike, and was also known as the state of Pike
and the home of Joe Bowers, what could they do
but call on their other Pike for assistance, as
they all knew their call would be answered. So in
a day and a night about enough of our Pikers
from the towns named and other parts of the
county to make a good regiment were on the east
bank of the river.

The next morning they were in camp out at the
old Fritz house, armed and equipped. Their
arms were rifles, shotguns and revolvers, all very
old style. Soon they were divided up into com-
panies. Pittsfield had Captain Rockwell's, Barry
Capt. Richards', New Canton Capt. Jackson's, and
the other commanders I do not recall.

Louisiana did the best she could to feed them,
but about the time the boys first felt hungry
there was some scolding done. Their wrath,
however, was soon turned to joy, for the noble
women of cur old Pike sent the next day several

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

wagonloads of good eatables. The first load was
from Pittsfield, and the next from Barry and New
Canton, and soon all had a plenty and to spare.
We all felt that if we were to be so well fed that
war was not such a terrible thing. We remained
two weeks and if the "secesh" had started they
must have changed their minds and counter-
marched, so the Louisiana war was over.

There were ten companies with Dr. A. E. Mc-
Neal in command. George W. K. Bailey, A. C.
Matthews and two companies of scouts made a
tour of the country west of Louisiana, and found
all quiet and peaceable. Nearly all who were in
the "Louisiana war" went out to the real thing a
year later in the Ninety-ninth and other regi-
ments, and soon we wished for the good things
our mothers, wives and sweethearts sent us at
Louisiana. But we fell into line and became ac-
quainted with the poor fare Uncle Sam's big
boarding house put up. Nearly forty-four years
have flown since that time, and but few of Pike
county's un-named and un-numbered regiment of
two weeks' service are left.

The Ninety-ninth Illinois was organized at
Pittsfield by volume from all the townships in Pike
county. August 21, 1862, they left the county
seat and were mustered into the United States ser-
vice August 23, at Florence, on the Illinois river.
by Major J. P. Rathbonc. They embarked that
night on the steamer Post Boy, arrived in St.
Louis the 24th, and went to Benton barracks,
where the regiment was armed and equipped.

It left St. Louis September 8 and went to Rolla.
in Phelps county. Mo. Left Rolla September 17
and went into camp at Salem, Dent county, Mo.,
left Salem November 20, and remained at Hous-
ton. Texas county. Mo., till January 27, 1863.
Moved to West Plains, Mo., and Pilot Knob
March 3. Thence to St. Genevieve, Mo., and on
the 1 5th embarked for Milliken's Bend, La.
Stopped for a short time at Cairo, Memphis and
Helena, Ark.

Left Milliken's Bend April n, 1863, New Car-
thage the I2th, was a short time at Perkins' plan-
tation, at Grand Gulf, Miss.. April 29, at Bruins-
burg, Miss., April 30, and at Magnolia Hills May
i. At Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills. Mis-
sissippi Springs and P.lack River Bridge; May

19 at the defense of Vicksburg and left Vicks-
burg July 5 for Jackson, Miss.

Left Jackson, July 20 and Vicksburg, August
21. Went to New Orleans and Brashear City,
and October 3 left Berwick for a scouting tour up
the Teshe country. Was at New Iberia, Franklin,
Opelousas and Grand Coteau, La. Left New Or-
leans and crossed the Gulf of Mexico. Was at
Point Isabel and Aranzos Pass in November, and
at Fort Esperanza, Texas, at Indianola and La-
vacca, Texas, and on Matagorda Island.

Left Texas June 15, 1864. Returned to New
Orleans. Was at Greenville, Kennerville, Don-
aldsonville and Algiers. Left New Orleans July
29, was at the mouth of the White river, St.
Charles and Duvall's Bluff, Ark., Memphis, Mos-
cow and Wolf River, Tenn.

Left Memphis January i, 1865. Went to New
Orleans and thence out the mouth of the Missis-
sippi river to Dauphin Island, Ala. Was at Span-
ish Fort, Blakely, Mobile and Spring Hill, Ala.,
till June 2, 1865. At Shreveport, La., till about
July 17, sent to Baton Rouge, Ala., and mustered
out July 21, 1865, sent to Springfield, 111., August,
1865. for pay and final discharge.

The Ninety-ninth was in battle at Beaver
Creek and Hartsville, Mo., Grand Gulf, Miss.,
Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, Black River
Bridge, Vicksburg, and under fire daily from
May 19 to July 3. Was at Spanish Fort and
Blakely. Ala. A detachment of the regiment was
in a battle at Grand Coteau, La. The losses of
the Ninety-ninth in the various battles during its
three years of active service were nearly 306
killed, wounded and missing.

In November. 1864, the regiment was so re-
duced in numbers that by order of General Reyn-
olds it was consolidated into a battalion of five
companies. During its service the old Pike coun-
ty regiment had all told nearly 1,100 men. Now,
after the war has closed nearly forty years, there
are only about 225 left. Of the officers who took
the regiment to the field there are left only Col.
Bailey, Capt, now Col., Matthews. Capt. Tray
Edwards, Capt. J. G. Johnson and Adjutant Mar-
cellns Ross.

Old Pike, the infant of 1821, in its history-
making of three-fourths of a century has been a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

139

strong factor in the march of progress and de-
velopment, and has buds from the old vine in all
the coast states west, and scattered over what was
once the great American desert. Go where you
may the Piker is to be found.

In quasi prohibition times, thirty-five years ago,
a Pike county town was known as a good one to
"keep the lid on." An old-timer from St. Louis
came and his friends knew that he needed a
"drop," so one called to him and said, "Joe, I
have a little for sickness. Try it. It is all there
is in town." Joe tried it, and the next place he
called the same story was told and another drink
taken. The third call was a repetition, his friend
saying with a wink, "What a good one I am !"
The St. Louis man called about ten places, meet-
ing the same reception at each. Joe told it on the
prohib. boys and had a dozen drinks out of the
"only bottle in town." The entire crowd has
passed away, and the story is all that is left.

A candidate for a county office was once intro-
duced to a blunt old German voter. The old man
heard his tale of woe, how the other fellow was
not so well fitted to hold the office, how much he
had done for the party, etc. The old voter said,
"Veil, if you bin on my dicket I vote for you. if
you don't, I vont. Goot py." So it has been
since the first election and will still continue, but
there is a fine change now, the old-time scurrility
and abuse is eliminated and the old cry is not so
savage.

Pike county's first probate court was at Coles
Grove, May 23, 1821, the judge being A. Beck.
The first circuit court was held at the same place
October I, 1821. Judge John Reynolds presiding.
Among the first grand jurors were David Duttpn,
who died in New Canton in 1854, Comfort Shaw,
of Hadley, who died near Barry about 1864,
Nathaniel Shaw. John Shaw and J. M. Seeley.
These I knew in my boyhood days.

Atlas was laid out in 1823. Chambersburg and
Pittsfield 1833, Griggsville 1834. Milton. Xew
Canton. Florence, 1835; Perry, Eldara, Kinder-
hook, Rockport. Barry. New Hartford, Martins-
burg, Pleasant Hill 1836; Detroit, 1837, Summer
Hill 1845. New Salem 1847. Pearl 1855, Time
1857, Baylis 1869, Nebo 1870. Hull 1871.

In the olden times the stage coach was the
means of transportation. After the close of the
civil war the county was fortunate in getting the
present system of railroads, and now it is con-
servative to say no county has any better or
cheaper means of transporting freight and pas-
sengers. The county has telegraph and telephone
connection with all the civilized world. What
would the old pioneers say could they return for
a brief visit! They would be lost in wonder-
ment to see the strides the good old county has
made.

Forty-three years ago Pike county' had in the
trenches at Vicksburg what was left of the Nine-
ty-ninth Illi.iois regiment, and it will not be un-
interesting in another forty-three years for those
who will be here to read of and know how the
Pike county soldiers reached there and what they
did.

In August, 1862, nearly 1,000 men were mus-
tered into the United States service at Florence
and were called the Ninety-ninth Illinois Volun-
teers. After service in Missouri they had gone
down the Mississippi river to Milliken's Bend in
Louisiana, and thence began the movement on
Vicksburg. the Gibraltar of the great river, that
was strongly fortified and in possession of the
confederates. It was freely asserted, and too
often in our own homes, that they could never be
dislodged or driven out. The federals under
General Grant were certain, however, that the ob-
struction could and would be removed, and the
river flow "unvexed to the sea."

Our march began from Milliken's Bend, April
IT, 1863. After marching down Roundaway
bayou in the state of Louisiana we reached New
Carthage, La., on April 22, 1863. There we re-
mained a brief period till the gunboats and trans-
ports of our own navy ran the batteries at Vicks-
burg' and brought supplies and medical stores to
the armr. then below Vicksburg.

One of our transports, the Henry Clay, was dis-
abled and burned.. On board were James Worth-
ington and Capt. L. Hull, of the Ninety-ninth.
The former was our hospital steward and had
charge of the medical stores. They quickly re-
moved the most valuable drugs and anesthetics

140

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

to a barge and got away from the burning
steamer, and the next morning they were safely
delivered to our medical directors.

The ninety-ninth left Perkins' plantation, April
27, and embarked on steamers and flats for Grand
Gulf, a strongly fortified place, which was soon
evacuated. April 30 we crossed the river at
Bruinsburg, Miss., and after marching all night
met General Bowen's army near Port Gibson on
Magnolia Hills, at midnight. The Ninety-ninth
unslung their knapsacks and started into the
fight, and from that day to this they have never
seen their knapsacks or the few valuables therein.

The battle lasted all day. At night the boys
slept on their arms, and when morning came not a
"Johnnie" was seen, except their dead and
wounded left on the field. James Allen Lee, of
Company F, was the first one of our boys that
fell. He was shot through the head and killed
instantly. Our loss in killed and wounded was
thirty-seven of the Ninety-ninth boys.

Our brigade at that time was composed of the
Eighth and Eighteenth Indiana, Thirty-third and
Ninety-ninth Illinois, with General Benton in
command, Carr's division and McClernand's
Thirteenth army corps. We were short of rations,
but General Grant said, "I will have supplies,"
and sent men to carry hard tack, coffee and meat
up to the regiment. We had no baggage or for-
age wagons across the river at that time.

While the pioneer corps were building a bridge
over the bayou near Port Gibson my company
was sent to guard and run a steam corn mill. We
kept it running night and day while the corn held
out, and General Sherman's corps and our own
had corn bread for a luxury. If not a luxury it
was a change from very old and poor hard tack.
When the call was made on the boys for a miller
and engineers, there were three or four who were
experts. Not only millers and engineers, but the
Ninety-ninth had all vocations and professions,
preachers, lawyers, doctors and farmers. In fact,
the federal army was not small in useful men of
all kinds.

May 14, 1863, the army was near the capital of
Mississippi, and on the i6th was held in reserve
till nearly night at the battle of Champion Hill,
one of the most desperate one-day battles fought
in the west. The Ninety-ninth was marched in

line of battle till late in the night, when we
bivouacked at Edwards Station, where we cap-
tured a train load of meat, meal, sugar and mo-
lasses, and had a midnight supper.

We went into the fight at Black river at 7 a. m.
After four hours' fighting and a charge led by
the Twenty-third Iowa on our right, the confed-
erates were driven out of their works and the
battle was over. Capt. Cooper, of Company K,
lost an arm, and two New Canton boys were
slightly wounded.

An occurrence just as we started on the charge
fully illustrates how little some officials at a dis-
tance knew about an army in the field. While
the fight was at its height. General Grant was
given an order from the secretary of war to fall
back to Grand Bluff and make that his head-
quarters and base of supplies. Just then the
colonel of the Twenty-third Iowa led his regiment
into the charge, losing his own life. The charge
was general all along the line and victory was
oiirs. General Grant didn't disobey orders, but
the staff officer got lost in the excitement, or as
the boys said, "in the shuffle," and that was the
last ever heard of Grand Gulf headquarters.

On the i8th day of May we crossed Black river
on specially constructed pontoon bridges. The
igth we started at 4:15 a. m., and were in the
fight at 10 a. m., also the 2Oth and 2ist, gaining
position with light losses. May 22cl the troops
were ordered to charge the works at 10 a. m.
While the boys were waiting for the hour many
were reading their testaments, given them by the
United States Christian Commission, and all that
had playing cards threw them away. Many
generals and colonels were making short ad-
dresses to the boys, as all realized the frightful
and dangerous move.

The Ninety-ninth led the charge for our
brigade, and in a few minutes the old regiment
had lost in killed, wounded and missing over
200 men. Col. Bailey and Maj. Crandall were
wounded, and Capt. A. C. Matthews rallied the
men and held the confederates in check. Colonel
Boomer, of a Missouri regiment, was killed about
the same time the Ninety-ninth drove the John-
nies back.

The writer was stunned by the explosion of a
shell, and lay for about four hours in the hot sun,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

141

with Joseph James and two other Ninety-ninth
boys lying dead near him. When night fell the
weary sank down to rest and the wounded to
die. Morning found the survivors in line, set-
tling down to the siege that lasted till the 4th of
July, when 30,000 hungry and weary confederates
marched out, stacked their arms, ate hard tack
and fat meat and drank black coffee with our
boys. Quite a change for them from mule meat
and Mississippi river water.

One tall Georgian said to the boys of our mess,
"Yes, sah, I am gwine home, and thar's three
things I never want to hear again. That word 'at-
tention,' 'fall in,' and that old kettle drum I never
want to hear any more." Vicksburg and Gettys-
burg, both on Old Glory's day, did more to inspire
the north and hasten the close of the war than any
other two events.

After the fall of Vicksburg the Ninety-ninth
went to Jackson, Miss., and was under fire there
for a day or so, with small losses. Then went to
Bryan Station and was engaged in tearing up the
Jackson & New Orleans Railroad. A lot of Pikers
went to Pearl river near by for a bath. There
they saw a soft place in the bank, and as our boys
had curiosity in common with all other mortals,
they investigated the river bank and found about
thirty barrels of Louisiana rum. Of course they
sampled it, and appearing satisfactory they took
the whole lot. The Ninety-ninth boys as well as
the boys of other regiments were very rummy
and rich for the balance of the day.

The regiment returned to Vicksburg July 24,
and August 21 went to New Orleans. In October
went into the Tesche country, the Italy of
America. November 16 embarked and crossed
the Gulf of Mexico. Remained in Texas till
June, 1864, when it reported to General Reynolds
at Algiers, La., and was brigaded with Twenty-
first Iowa, Twenty-sixth Wisconsin and Forty-
seventh Indiana.

At Memphis, Tenn., in November, 1864, the
regiment was made a battalion of five companies
under command of Lieut. Col. Matthews. Feb-
ruary i, 1865. moved to Dauphin Island, Ala-
bama. Was in the last battles of the war at
Spanish Fort and Blakely, entered Mobile April
I2th, in June went up the Red river, thence to

Baton Rouge, La., where it was mustered out,
and reached home in August, 1865, after three
years' absence.

In the more prosperous days of old Pike the fol-
lowing towns had tobacco factories: Pittsfield,
Eldara, Rockport and Pleasant Hill, and first-
class woolen mills were at Pittsfield, Barry and
Perry ; a plow factory at Stebbinsville, pork and
beef packing plants at Cincinnati, Barry, New
Canton, Pittsfield, Florence, Kinderhook, Rock-
port, Griggsville, Perry and Milton. Flour mills :
Two at Pittsfield, three at Barry, two at Griggs-
ville, and one each at Rockport, New Canton,
Time, Summer Hill, Pleasant Hill, Milton, Perry,
New Salem, Eldara and Kinderhook. With
about three exceptions the mills are abandoned,
"and a quiet that crawls round the walls as you
gaze has followed the olden din."

The tobacco made in Pike was prepared by
skilled workmen and had good sales. The
woolens, blankets, yarns, cassimeres and satinettes
were all wool and gave excellent satisfaction.
The mills had to close up because the public pre-
ferred shoddy and cheap stuff, and with the clos-
ing of the tobacco factories and woolen mills all
the expert labor went elsewhere, and those alone
are said to have cut the population fully 300.

The packing establishments had to close be-
cause of too sharp competition, and the hog and
cattle men seemed to prefer selling at five and six
cents and buying back from Chicago, St. Louis
and elsewhere at ten to fifteen cents for the cured
product. In the old times the public had pure
kettle rendered lard; now they have cottolene
and other adulterations that are called lard.

The flour mills gave up the race because the
big concerns could make a barrel of flour for
from two to four cents, while to the others it
would cost perhaps 20 cents or even more.

But the worst feature in Pike as well as else-
where out of the big cities, is the lack of a re-
ciprocal feeling toward home enterprises. In the
old times the farms were smaller and had many
tenant houses. Now, some men who were hap-
py in the possession of a hundred acres are un-
happy with 2,000 or 3,000 acres, and the good
tenants have nearly all moved away.

It is strongly asserted by many that greed and

142

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

selfishness now are holding the trump cards and
it seems that the old postmaster's story will fit in
here. A man said to another, "Would you let
me have fifteen cents?" "What do you want of
fifteen cents ?" "I wish to cross the river." Have
you no money?" "No." "Well, just stay where
you are. If you have no money it doesn't make
any difference which side of the river you are on."

With the changes noted it seems as if the old-
fashioned hospitality and "a man's a man for
a' that" has become obsolete. Too many are in-
terested in you for the dollar that can be gained
from you. This state of affairs is no worse in
old Pike than elsewhere, and the old county has
a host of good citizens that generally endorse the
words of a noted man who said, "We Care not
what you believe politically or religiously, or
where you were born, or how much money you
have, but we do care as to how good a citizen you
are." With all the name "good citizen" has a
potent power and is recognized as the great de-
sideratum.

A recent magazine article mentioned the de-
struction of the City of Madison, a large river
steamer, at Vicksbtirg in 1863, by the explosion of
fixed shells that were being loaded on the boat.
The boat was torn all to shreds, and only a few
pieces were seen after the terrific blast. The
second vessel from the one destroyed was a hos-
pital boat. Frank Thomas, a Ninety-ninth boy
from New Canton, had been sick there and his
death was reported to his captain, H. D. Hull,
who invited me to go with him and take care of
Frank's effects, a small book and a few dollars.

We were in the hospital boat when the City of
Madison was blown up, and our boat came nearly
breaking in two. I sent the soldier's money and
book to his father, and reported his death as given
to us by the boat's surgeon. About three month's
latter the company was surprised to see the sup-
posed dead soldier return in recovered health. A
year later he was captured by guerrillas near
Memphis, Tenn.. with two others of the Ninety-
ninth and put to death.

The only solution of his reported death on
the hospital book was : The cots were numerous
and the occupant's name and number was in the

surgeon's and hospital steward's books. Possi-
bly in the absence of' nurses Frank Thomas had
changed cots with someone. The new occupant
had died, and the number being that of Thomas,
it was reported the Ninety-ninth boy was dead.

The day of the explosion a large number of
soldiers and contrabands were killed, but only a
few were known. The old hotel known as the
Prentiss, was stripped of all the glass in the west
and north sides, and many other buildings were
more or less injured.

In 1862, when the Ninety-ninth Illinois was
in the Ozark mountains of Missouri, the writer
with a detachment of soldiers was sent to guard
a wagon train to Beaver Creek. When night
came the pickets were put out and instructions
given. Morning came and we moved on without
accident or incident.

The trip was about forgotten till in 1866 Gen.
Jack Burbridge, of the C. S. A., came to New
Canton on business. He was well known by
many in the two Pikes as his home had been at
Louisiana. He called my attention to the Beaver
Creek pickets and said : "I was there with about
500 men, heard your instructions to the picket
guard and could have captured you and your en-
tire force. I knew you and many of your boys,
but we did not want you. We were after a loaded
train, and as your wagons were empty we did not
care for them. But two nights later we took your
wagons that were loaded and took all your boys
prisoners but one. and if he had not said too
much we would not have shot him. The others
we paroled when morning came."

The boy that was killed was a New Canton
boy. Blackburn Jiy name. A few weeks later the
soldiers of the two Pikes met at Hartsville. Mo.,
and had a short but bloody struggle, with many
killed and wounded on both sides. The federals
were victorious, but it is true that if the confed-
erates had not overestimated the federal force the
victory could have been theirs. Tames Montieth.
of New Canton, and Phil Donohoe. of Rockport.
\vere both wounded at Hartsville.

There were two General Burbridges that the
Ninety-ninth boys knew. The V. S. A. was a
Kentuckian. while the C. S. A. was from Pike

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

143

county, Mo. Both are on the other shore, but
they will be long remembered for their dare-devil
ways, and for being good officers.

The past with its flood of memories recalls
many changes from the old to the new. Those
of you in the old days who went fishing and got
a fish hook in your hand or fingers remember it
took a small surgical operation to remove it. The
old method was observed until about six years
ago, when a young and progressive doctor de-
veloped sense enough to take a file, cut off the
end of the hook and pull it out without cutting
the hand.

The old-timers always bled the sick person for
any or all ailments. Now that has passed away
and we have more improved ways in caring for
the sick. In old times a sea-going vessel had to
take in sand or stone for ballast, and carry a sup-
ply of fresh water. Now they pump water out of
the sea for ballast, and supply their vessels with
fresh water by condensing sea water, also making
ice on shipboard. As the old darkey said, "De
world do move," and the people are keeping up
with the procession.

In the happy past divorces and alimony were
almost unknown. Now the majority of cases in
the courts are for divorce. Pike county had one
case in 1821, and that was for desertion. My
old friend, J. M. Bush, an 1838 man, told a good
joke on himself. He said he was elected justice
of the peace in an early day, and stated that his
first marriage ceremony would be free. A young
Piker came to him one wet and stormy night to
go about five miles out of town to marry a couple.
He went and the evening was so inclement he
could not get back to town so remained over night.
The couple came down to breakfast, looking a
little sheepish, and after the meal the young man
said, "How much do I owe you, Squeer?" He
told the youngster that what he had. stated when
elected and the new benedict said, "Well, Squeer,
I'm much obleeged to you. We wouldn't a had
you if we could a got Squeer Scanland."

The old-style camp meeting was another cus-
tom that now is about obsolete, but in those days
was a week or two in duration and was greatly
enjoyed. The old-time preachers and singers
made the woods resound with their music and
9

earnest appeals to the congregation to abandon
the broad road and to travel in the narrow way
that leads to life beyond this vale.

Pike county had an eminent and distinguished
citizen in the person of Judge Chauncey L. Hig-
bee. In the trying times of the Civil war he was
noted for one act that endeared him to the citi-
zens of that period. That was when he visited
an alleged disloyal camp on the northwest side of
the county and by a brief but able address caused
the misguided and almost disloyal ones to break
camp and go home to pursue their vocations and
not endanger the best interests of the county.
He also by word and act was a power in getting
the Hannibal & Naples Railroad, now the Wa-
bash, through our county. He was so able and
noted that he was mentioned as candidate for
the vice-presidency of the United States.

Pike county now has two banks at Pittsfield, at
Griggsville two, Barry two, Perry one, Milton
one, Nebo one, New Canton one, Baylis one, Hull
one, Pleasant Hill one. It is commendable to the
thrift and economy of our citizens to say that
more people now have bank accounts than were
ever dreamed of a few years ago. The county
should have all optimistic people and none of the
other order, for the simple reason that there is
an opportunity for all to do well if they so will
it. Look on the bright side, and think of the jolly
»on of Erin's song, "Trust to luck, stare fate in
the face. Sure your heart will be aisy if it's in the
right place."

In answer to the query, "Why are we called
suckers," there are two versions. About 1777
Gen. George Rogers Clark applied to the Gover-
nor of Virginia for permission to take a small
army and conquer the Northwest Territory. The
Governor consenting, he marched from where
Shawneetown now is to Kaskaskia, where the
French had a settlement. He moved on the little
town, and it being "in the good old summer
time," and very hot, the French were discovered
sitting on their verandas, quietly sucking their
juleps through straws. He charged upon them
and shouted, "Surrender, you suckers," which
they did, and from that day to this Illinoisians
have been known as "suckers."

Once Senator Stephen A. Douglas said in a

144

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

speech at Petersburg, Va., "We honor you for a
Washington, a Jefferson, a Marshall, and many
other distinguished sages and patriots. We yield
that you gave us territory for a great and sov-
ereign state, but when you claim the glory of the
mint julep we say, 'hands off.' Illinois claims
that."

'Tis said a traveler once taught an old Virgin-
ian how to make a mint julep. Going back a
year later he asked a darkey, "Where is your
master?" "Dar he." No, your old master." "O,
he bin dead for six months. A man from de norf
showed him how to drink grass in his whiskey
and it done killed him."

The other version is that in 1826, at the Ga-
lena lead mines, a lot of Illinois boys were start-
ing home in the fall. A Missourian said, "Boys,
where are you going?" "Home." "Well, you
put me in mind of suckers. Up in the spring,
spawn, and all return in the fall."

Take your choice of the two versions, but keep
in mind that the Suckers are a mighty people.
The Sucker State is the third in the nation, and
the world is proud of Illinois, which gave a Lin-
coln, a Grant, and nearly 300,000 others that as-
sisted in keeping the old flag flying in the free
air of America.

In the days when Illinois was a county of Vir-
ginia and before the Ross's came to Atlas, a very
old Indian trapper told Daniel Barney that when
he was a boy he saw the river washing the bare
rocks that now show along the bluffs. All the
creek valleys between the bluffs that led up to
what is called the watershed of the county were
great inland seas. A fair evidence of the truth
of the statement is that all the highest points on
the bluffs were the burial places of the Indians,
and 'tis many moons since this was their hunting
grounds.

While Pike county has held its own in its mod-
est way, her citizens past and present have been
alert in aiding to advance civilization, educating
old and young pupils in the great study of every-
day life and how to make good citizenship and to
leave behind something to show that their lives
were not all vain. Longfellow says :

"A millstone and the human heart
Are driven ever round,

If they have nothing else to grind
They must themselves be ground."

The old citizens that Pike county knew have
answered the inevitable summons. Many hearts
have ground out good and some evil, but the
good they did will live on and the evil will be for-
gotten and forgiven.

In the past when the pioneers were converting
the virgin fields into homes, farms and orchards,
they led happy lives and did not know much of
luxuries. Rich old mother earth furnished an
abundance of the plain necessities, a few stores
with supplies ran accounts with the farmers for
a year and often longer. When settlements were
made and the crop was not enough to pay the
bill, notes were given drawing thirty-seven and
one-half per cent annual interest. Notwithstand-
ing this large interest they were paid. Later,
when interest was down to 18, 15 and 10 per
cent they still kept their credit good.

Many that left large estates paid their notes
and made money by the advance in the price of
land, and in those days almost never failing crops.
There was no cry then for cheap and shoddy
stuff. All had the best, and it was a glory of the
times that adulteration in food products and sup-
plies was unknown. A host of good fellows sized
up the old German's remark, "I yonst as veil
haf his vord as his note." But now, alas, a few
are at large whose word or note is not as good as
it should be.

The good old county has been very fortunate
in having a majority of its officials that were
ever alert, and sought earnestly to advance pub-
lic interests. Edwin Markham's finely expressed
thought is here given, not that it applies to Pike
county, but that future officials may be impressed
by it for their own and our citizens' glory:
"What de we need to prop the State? We need
the fine audacities of honest deed, the homely old
integrities of soul, the swift temerities that take
the part of outcast right, the wisdom of the
heart, brave hopes that Mammon never can de-
tain or sully with his gainless clutch for gain."

The county for many years had fairs at Pitts-
field and Barry that were always well attended
and enjoyed by all. But time with its rapid
changes soon crowded them out. Griggsville

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

14,

still conducts a good fair, but the larger ones
have taken much of its patronage. It seems the
public is too exacting, and want a world's fair
lor a quarter.

I remember very pleasantly many of the man-
agers of the Pittsfield and Barry fairs, and the
fine entertainment they put up for the people.
Whither are we drifting ! Unless we turn about
and sustain home enterprises our good old
county will be as dry and uninteresting as an
Egyptian mummy. The public should plead
guilty to this charge. We have done too much for
the cities and larger counties, greatly to the detri-
ment of the home towns. Don't forget that the
great cities are only interested in you for the
money they get from you.

In 1851 the great flood in the Mississippi river
did great damage. The river was from six to
eight miles wide, the backwater coming out to
the farm of Joel Morey and within half a mile
of New Canton. The Louisiana ferryboat, then
run by Frank and Wash Burnett, made trips
from Louisiana to Atlas. The water was from
six to ten feet deep all over the Sny bottom. The
cordwood industry was quite extensive at Cin-
cinnati Landing and there were over 5,000 cords
of choice wood on the banks, as in those days the
steamboats used wood exclusively. The flood
took all the wood and completely ruined a few
men who had their all in cordwood. The Sny
bottoms were a wreck and a ruin till they were
reclaimed by the great Sny levee, fift.v-two miles
in length. There were floods before and after,
but that of 1851 was the greatest in the memory
of our citizens.

Pike county people will be long remembered
for many deeds of charity. There never has been
a call in vain. Once they sent money and sup-
plies to sufferers in Europe, and several times
to Kansas and Nebraska, when their crops failed
and gaunt famine was staring them in the face.
Our grand old county did not stop to ask who,
what color or what society they belonged to, but
it was sufficient to us to know they were our
brothers and that they were in distress. Our peo-
ple were thankful and now remember very grate-

fully the generous people who contributed s<
freely to the Sny bottom sufferers of 1888, whei
the levee broke and so many lost all they had
The donation of money and food for man am
animal came from as far east as Boston, am
many other cities of the East and North.

The old time school passes in review, and whil
the present system with all its advantages an<
the able and earnest instructors claim our prais
and encouragement, yet the old-fashioned schoc
with its "reaclin, ritin and rithmetic," the ol<
time "spellin' skules" and the log school house
with but few conveniences and less comforts stil
hold the palm for the good they accomplished
Methods now are different, and it is an unsettlei
question if there are as many useful and prac
tical products, numbers considered, as in the ol
time schools. The great army of illerates is nc
far different from the past, and who is to blame
Perhaps it is safe to say lack of interest in th
pupils is the cause. Too many alleged studies
too much hurrying through the books and to
little actual practical knowledge gained.

This is not a pleasant truth, and is not a re
flection on the schools of today, but all wish tha
the youth could properly see and apprepricat
the great feast of knowledge daily set befor
them.. There are many youngsters that can i
they will be a Clay, a Webster, a Lincoln or
Garfield, and we must have them as the time
still need useful men. Did those named wast
their time on football, baseball, club regattas an
athletic sports? Did they draw on the "govei
nor" for more money ? Did they come home a
the latest fashion plates and society darlings
These thoughts are given to warn the rising ger
eration that it takes work and hard unremittin
study to fit yourself for the race of life. Be
hero, be a close student, gather useful know]
edge, make yourself a great and useful citizen.

"Love theyself last, cherish those hearts tha
hate thee.

Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace.

To silence envious tongues."

And if you fail, you have the pleasant assui
ance that you made the effort and did your bes

LIBRARY
Of THE

Of U.UN01S.

/T
C

Biographical

HON. CHAUNCEY L. HIGBEE.

Hon. Chauncey L. Higbee, legislator and jur-
ist, carved his name high on the keystone of the
legal arch of Illinois. He was a representative
of that rare element in modern life which, al-
though an invaluable part of it, yet rests upon a
basis of something ideal and philosophical. In
a worldly sense he certainly made his mark, serv-
ing most creditably in Illinois as one of the ap-
pellate judges, being recognized as an astute law-
yer, politician and statesman. Whenever he came
in contact with men of note not only was he val-
ued as an equal of practical strength and re-
sources but also as one whose integrity was be-
yond question. Judge Higbee was not only
practical, drawing to himself the strongest minds
of his profession, but was imbued with the best
scientific and philosophical thought of the day
and his mind reached out with a statesman's
grasp of affairs to the mastery of the important
questions involving the welfare of the common-
wealth.

A native of Clermont county, Ohio, Judge Hig-
bee was born September 7, 1821, and died on the
7th of December, 1884. In 1844, at the age of
twenty-three years, having in the meantime ac-
quired only a comparatively limited education,
but nevertheless ambitious and energetic, he took
up the study of law with his uncle, Judge James
Ward, of Griggsville, Pike county, Illinois, and
after two or three years preliminary reading was

admitted to the bar and entered upon the prac-
tice of his profession. Within a few years he
had worked his way steadily upward to a posi-
tion in the front ranks of the legal fraternity of
this section of the state and had a large practice
in his own county and throughout the military
tract. He continued successfully as counsellor
and advocate before the bar until 1861, when he
was elected to the circuit bench for a term of six
years, and no higher testimonial of his capability
can be given than the fact that he was three times
re-elected to this office, making nearly twenty-
four consecutive years of service therein. In
1877, when .the system of appellate courts was es-
tablished, the supreme court selected Judge Hig-
bee as one of the three circuit judges from the
third appellate district and upon his re-election
in June, 1879, he was again assigned to the high
position and at the time of his death was presid-
ing justice of that body. He took to the bench
the highest qualities necessary for the impartial
hearing of litigated interests. He had the faculty
of freeing his mind from personal prejudices and
peculiarities and giving unremitting attention to
the cause in argument and the application of
legal principles thereto, and his decisions were
regarded as models of judicial soundness by
many of the most distinguished lawyers and
jurists, representing the judiciary of Illinois.

In his political views Judge Higbee was a dem-
ocrat and took an active interest in the work of
the party up to the time of his elevation to the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

bench. Afterward he allowed nothing to inter-
fere with the faithful performance of his duties,
standing as he did as a conservator of justice and
right. In 1854 he was elected to the state legis-
lature and in 1858 was chosen to represent his
district in the state senate, where he served until
his elevation to the bench. He took a conspicu-
ous part as one of the four delegates at large to
the democratic national convention held in St.
Louis in 1876. As a citizen as well as a politi-
cian, judge and statesman he was conspicuous
by reason of his worth and activity and his city
profited largely by his efforts in its behalf. The
large school building at Pittsfield is a monument
to the activity of Judge Higbee and others, for
he took a most helpful interest in the cause of
education and his labors were an effective agency
for its advancement. That the Methodist people
of Pittsfield worship in so handsome and commo-
dious a building is largely due to his efforts. He
was an earnest promoter of the Pittsfield House,
was a charter member of the First National
Bank of the city, and for years acted as its
president.

In 1854 Judge Higbee was married to Miss
Julia M. White, a niece of the Hon. I. N. Mor-
ris, deceased, and a native of Clermont county,
Ohio. They had a son and daughter, Harry and
Sue, the former now circuit judge.

Judge Higbee was the contemporary and
friend of many 'of the distinguished lawyers of
Illinois. His intellectual energy, professional in-
tegrity and keen insight combined to make him
one of the ablest lawyers of the state. He was
by nature endowed with the greatest of human
qualities — integrity — which wealth can not pur-
chase, power can not imitate or dying men decree.
Upon the bench he was the soul of judicial honor
and his career was distinguished by a masterful
grasp of every question that was presented for
solution. In his social life he had the quality of
winning warm, personal regard and strong
friendships. It may be said of him that he has
left to his children and to his country the record
of a life

"Rich in the world's opinion and men's praise
And full of all he could desire but praise."

EDWARD PENSTONE.

Edward Penstone, a veteran of the Civil war,
is now living in Pittsfield but for many years was
closely associated with farming interests, belong-
ing to a family that has taken a prominent part in
the development and progress of the county in
agricultural lines. A native of England, his
birth occurred in the city of London in 1842, his
parents being Giles and Sarah (Stratton) Pen-
stone, both of whom were natives of Berkshire,
England. When a youth of fifteen years the
father was apprenticed to learn the dry-goods
trade and was connected with commercial pursuits
in his native country until 1849, when, attracted
by the possibilities of the new world he came to
the United States with his family and at once
made his way into the interior of the country,
settling in Newburg township, Pike county. His
capital was invested in eighty acres of land which
he at once began to cultivate and improve, and in
later years, associated with his sons, he invested
in property until their realty holdings covered
seven hundred and sixty-five acres of very valua-
ble land in Newburg township. To the develop-
ment of the property he gave his energies with the
result that in due course of time he was the owner
of a very valuable farm which had been brought
to a high state of cultivation. In 1867 however,
he put aside business cares and he and his wife
spent their remaining days in Griggsville. Their
family numbered four sons and two daughters, of
whom three sons and the daughters are yet living,
as follows : Giles H., who is mentioned elsewhere
in this work ; Edward, of this review ; Stratton,
who is living in Newburg township; Sarah, the
wife of David Dolbow; and Ellen R., the wife of
W. E. Kneeland, of Griggsville.

Edward Penstone spent the first seven years of
his life in the land of his nativity and was then
brought by his parents to Pike county, where he
pursued his education as a public-school student
and in the periods of vacation aided in the farm
work. When a young man of nineteen years he
donned the blue uniform of the nation and went to
the front as a member of Company H, Seventy-
third Illinois Infantry, with which he served for
three years. Being captured he was held as a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

prisoner of war in Libby prison for three months.
He took part in the battles of Perryville and of
Stone River and in the latter was wounded by a
shell. He was also shot in the left arm and side
in the battle of Chickamauga and was there cap-
tured, after which he was sent to Atlanta and later
to Libby prison. After three months he was re-
leased, paroled and exchanged, and he then re-
turned to the army in April, 1864. He took part
in the battle of Kenesaw Mountain, the siege of
Atlanta and the engagements at Jonesboro, Frank-
linville and Nashville. While at Libby prison he
was reported dead. He held rank of corporal and
proved a loyal soldier, never faltering in any
duty that was assigned to him.

When. the war was over Mr. Penstone returned
to his home and the following year was married to
Miss Maria Glenn, a native of Flint township,
Pike county, and a daughter of William Glenn, of
Ireland. Mr. and Mrs. Penstone began their do-
mestic life upon a farm and in 1872 he purchased
one hundred and sixty acres of land in Newburg
township which he still owns. He afterward
bought eighty acres more and he now owns two
hundred and forty acres constituting a valuable
property, on which he raises hogs and sheep. He
retired from the active work of the farm in 1895
and removed to Pittsfield, where he purchased a
fine residence and now makes his home, while
his son operates his farm.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Penstone have been born
two children: William E., who married Alice
Turnbull, and lives upon the home place ; and
Mabel G., who is the wife of Thomas Pence, and
lives on a farm in Salem township. His son
has two children — Lena M. and Frank E. The
daughter, Mrs. Pence, has five children, Edward
W., Orville E., Louise M., Thomas H. and
Glenn P.

Politically Mr. Penstone is a republican and
lias served as township school trustee and school
director. He belongs to W. W. Lawton post,
No. 38, G. A. R., of Griggsville, and also to the
Modern Woodmen camp and to the Masonic
lodge, while both he and his wife are affiliated with
the Eastern Star. Mr. and Mrs. Penstone are
Congregationalists in religious faith and for
twenty years he has been a church trustee, acting

in that capacity for nine years in Pittsfield. He
made a creditable record as a soldier and an
equally creditable one as an agriculturist, and he
owes his success largely to his own efforts, for
with little financial assistance he started out in life
and has worked his way upward through deter-
mined purpose, close application and unremitting
diligence. He is to-day the owner of valuable
farming property which is the visible evidence
of his life of well directed effort and persever-
ance.

W. H. HASKINS.

W. H. Haskins, living on section 3, Hardin
township, is one of the large landowners and suc-
cessful stock feeders of Hardin township. His
realty holdings embrace one thousand acres, with
two hundred acres in the home farm, constituting
a well improved and valuable property equipped
with all modern conveniences and accessories.
Born in Newburg township on the 5th of January,
1845, ne was a son °f Otis A. Haskins. His
father was born in Massachusetts, in November,
1817, and was there reared to manhood, coming in
1838 to Illinois. He was a carpenter and joiner
by trade and his first location was at Alton,
where he worked at his trade until 1844. He was
married in Greene county, Illinois, to Miss Nancy
Thomas, whose birth occurred in that county. In
the year 1844 he removed to Pike county and pur-
chased one hundred and sixty acres of land in
Newburg township. He resided upon that farm
and later on another farm in Newburg township
for several years. He then bought one hundred
and sixty acres of land, where his son S. T. Has-
kins now resides. He was an active and pros-
perous farmer and a man of good business ability,
making careful investments of his capital until he
owned over two thousand acres of land. He dis-
played keen discernment, executive force and in-
defatigable energy as he gave his time and atten-
tion to farming and stock-raising. He also fed
stock for a number of years. Eventually he pur-
chased property in Pittsfield, where he erected a
large, neat and substantial residence and there he
located, spending his remaining years in honora-

'52

.'PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ble retirement from further labor save the super-
vision of his invested interests. He died January
28, 1897. His wife passed away February 16,
1885. and both were laid to rest in the West ceme-
tery in Pittsfield.

William H. Haskins is the eldest in a family of
four children, two sons and two daughters, all of
whom are yet living. He was reared upon the old
home farm in Hardin township and although he
received ample training in farm labor his educa-
tional privileges were somewhat meager, so that
he is largely a self-educated man and although
now well informed his knowledge has been ac-
quired greatly through reading, observation and
experience since attaining man's estate. He re-
mained upon the old homestead with his father
until twenty-eight years of age and assisted him in
the work of tilling the soil and caring for the
stock and crops.

Starting out in life on his own account Mr.
Haskins was united in marriage in Atlas town-
ship, on the ist of September, 1873, to Miss
Emily Yokem, a native of Pike county, reared and
educated here, a daughter of William Yokem, one
of the early settlers who came to Illinois from
Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Haskins located upon
a farm in Hardin township where they lived for
two years and then removed to what is now the
home farm on section 3 of the same township. Mr.
Haskins began to further improve and cultivate
this property and success resulted from his ear-
nest, well directed and practical efforts. As his
financial resources increased he bought other lands
from time to time and he now owns six good
farms comprising more than one thousand acres.
He also owns the Haskins home in Pittsfield, the
former residence of his father. In connection
with the cultivation of the cereals best adapted to
the soil and climate he has for a number of
years made a business of raising, feeding and
dealing in cattle and hogs, selling each year
quite a large herd of well fattened cattle and also
a goodly number of hogs. He is accounted one
of the far-sighted, enterprising and successful
agriculturists and stockmen of the county.

Mr. and Mrs. Haskins have eight children:
Mary; William O. ; Kate, the wife of Selden
Formen, of Jacksonville, Illinois ; Nellie ; Nancy ;

Nettie; Verd I.; and Wallace. They also lost a
son, Herbert, who died at the age of about three
years. The children have been students in the
Pittsfield high school and Mr. Haskins has pro-
vided his sons and daughters ' with good educa-
tional privileges, thus equipping them for life's
practical and responsible duties. In 1868 he
proudly cast his first presidential vote for General
U. S. Grant and he has supported every presi-
dential nominee on the republican ticket since
that time but is without aspiration for office.
Rather than to enter into public life as an office
holder he has preferred to do his public service
as a private citizen and give the greater part
of his attention to his business interests. He is
a member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he
has taken the Master's degree in the lodge at
Time. He and his estimable wife have been
life-long residents of Pike county and are familiar
with much of its history as the work of develop-
ment and growth has been carried forward. They
have also been identified with the improvement
and progress of their community and genuine
worth insures for them warm friendship and
kindly regard.

HON. JEFFERSON ORR.

Hon. Jefferson Orr, a prominent member of
the Pittsfield bar, who in the practice of his pro-
fession has made consecutive advancement until
he occupies a position in the foremost rank among
the leading lawyers of western Illinois, was born
in the vicinity of Deersville, Harrison county,
Ohio, on the 2Oth day of July, 1842, his parents
being John and Ary (Moore) Orr, the latter a
daughter of Alexander Moore, a resident of Ohio.
John Orr was born in Pennsylvania in the year
1810 and was of Scotch descent, his father, John
Orr, Sr., being a native of Scotland although
reared in Ireland. The father of our subject ac-
companied his parents to Ohio when he was a
small lad and passed the days of his boyhood and
youth in his parents' home, early becoming famil-
iar with agricultural pursuits. He was married
in the Buckeye state to Miss Ary Moore, and.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

155

turning his attention to farming, was thus en-
gaged until 1852, when he came with his family
to Pike county, Illinois, settling in Fairmount
township, where he made his home for twenty-
two years. Subsequently he took up his abode
in Mount Sterling, where his death occurred on
the 3d of June, 1890. His wife had died in Oc-
tober, 1860, and thus he survived her for almost
a third of a century. They reared a family of ten
children, of whom the subject of this review is
the seventh in order of birth. One son, Albert,
was killed at the battle of Jackson. Mississippi,
while serving as a member of the Forty-first Illi-
nois Infantry in defense of the Union. Most of
the other members of the family are still resi-
dents of Illinois.

Jefferson Orr was a youth of ten summers
when his parents came to this state and his edu-
cation, begun in the district schools of Ohio, was
continued in the public schools of this county,
and afterward at Mount Sterling, Illinois, prior
to his matriculation in the Illinois College at
Jacksonville. He later spent three years in the
Chicago University, the last two years of that
period being passed in the law department, from
which he was graduated with honors in the class
of 1864. Soon afterward he went to Atchison,
Kansas, where he practiced for about nine
months and on the expiration of that period he
returned to Pittstield. He has since been an able
member of the bar of this city and in 1872 was
elected prosecuting attorney of Pike county, to
which position he was elected until he had served
for eight consecutive years. He has since given
his attention to the private practice of law and
in 1877 formed a partnership with Edward
Yates, which was continued until 1880. In the
following year he became a partner of A. G.
Crawford under the firm style of Orr & Craw-
ford, and they enjoyed an extensive clientage.
For the past few years, however, Mr. Orr has
been alone and has controlled a legal business
which in volume and importance indicates his
high standing at the bar.

On the 7th of November, 1878, was celebrated
the marriage of Jefferson Orr and Miss Ella M.
Yates, a daughter 'of George and Maria (Hin-
-man) Yates, and a graduate of the Methodist

College of Jacksonville. She is a lady of super-
ior culture and refinement and is an active mem-
ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, to which
Mr. Orr also belongs. Mr. Orr stands high as
a citizen and in every department of jurispru-
dence, and is particularly noted for his success-
ful practice in the department of criminal law.
Moreover he is financially successful. In 1891
he was elected circuit judge and for six years
served upon the bench. Mr. Orr has always
been identified with the anti-license party of
Pittsfield, has served as trustee and president of
the board, also alderman, and for the past six
years as mayor of the city, holding that office at
the present time. His life has been one of untir-
ing activity and he has so directed his ability and
efforts as to gain recognition as one of the repre-
sentative citizens of Pike county. Realizing the
necessity for thorough preparation he industri-
ously prepares his cases and in the court-room
his manner is characterized by a calmness and
dignity that indicate reserve strength.

JAMES M. NORTON.

James M. Norton, an honored veteran of the
Civil war, now living retired in Milton, is a
native son of Indiana, born in Warren county on
the loth of January, 1844. His parents, Ichabod
S. and Elizabeth (French) Norton, were among
the early settlers of Warren county and contrib-
uted to its pioneer development and progress.
In later years they removed to Rossville, Ver-
milion county, Illinois, where their last days were
spent. In their family were fifteen children, of
whom James was the seventh in order of birth.
The record is as follows : Minerva, now de-
ceased ; Mary A. ; Adeline A. ; William, who died
in Columbus, Kentucky, from illness contracted
while serving his country as a soldier of the
Union army; John, deceased; Harvey, who
served in Company K, Thirty-third Indiana Regi-
ment and was honorably discharged July 21,
1865, near Louisville, Kentucky; James M. ;
Thomas Jefferson ; Jane and Laura, both deceased ;
Sarah M. ; Zeruah ; Rebecca; Lizzie; and one

156

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

child who died unnamed. Minerva was the
daughter of the father's first marriage, the
mother bearing the maiden name of Polly Fore-
man.

James M. Norton was reared upon the old
homestead • farm and acquired his education in
the country schools. He assisted in the work of
field and meadow until seventeen years of age,
when, in response to his country's call, he enlisted
in defense of the Union cause on the I2th of
September, 1861, for three years' service with
Company K, Thirty-third Indiana Infantry. He
re-enlisted as a veteran in the same regiment on
the 23d of January, 1864, and continued with the
army until the close of hostilities. His first en-
gagement with the enemy was at Wild Cat, Ken-
tucky, and he afterward participated in several
skirmishes in the vicinity of Cumberland Gap.
Later he was at Thompson Station, Tennessee,
and there -the entire regiment was captured and
sent to Libby prison, where Mr. Norton re-
mained for thirty days, when he was released and
exchanged. With his regiment he then returned
to Chattanooga, Tennessee, and took part in the
battle of Resaca, after which the command was
under fire constantly for sixty-five days, or until
the fall of Atlanta, Georgia. During this time
the battles of Dallas Wood, Kenesaw Mountain
and Peach Tree Creek were fought. Following
the capitulation of Atlanta the Thirty-third In-
diana joined Sherman on his march to the sea
and afterward participated in the engagements
at Salisbury and Goldsboro, North Carolina, fol-
lowing which the regiment went to Washington,
D. C., and took part in the grand review there,
the most celebrated military pageant ever seen
on the western hemisphere. The regiment then
proceeded to Louisville, Kentucky, where the men
were honorably discharged on the 2ist of July,
1865.

Mr. Norton returned home with a most cred-
itable military record, having ever been faithful
and loyal to his duty no matter where it called
him. He was often in the thickest of the fight
and he never wavered in his allegiance to the old
flag and the cause it represented. Again taking
up his abode in Vermilion county, Illinois, he con-
tinued farming there until 1866, when he came to

Pike county, where he afterward devoted his
energies to general agricultural pursuits, but
now he is practically living a retired life.

On the 27th of May, 1869, Mr. Norton was
married to Miss Ellerslie Foreman, a daughter
of Peter and Cloe Foreman, who were among
the early settlers of Pike county. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Norton have been born five children, of
whom four are living: James W., Winfield C.,.
Guy W., William H. and Clyde A., but the last
named died October 18, 1901. Mr. Norton is one
of Milton's representative citizens, a man who in
business relations has been found honorable and
in social circles reliable. He is devoted to the
welfare of his family, for whom he has provided
a comfortable competence and in citizenship he is-
to-day as loyal to his country as when he followed
the stars and stripes upon the battle-fields of
the south.

MARCELLUS MAYS.

Marcellus Mays, an enterprising farmer resid-
ing on section 31, Pittsfield township, was born
in Clinton county, Ohio, November 17, 1849, and
is a son of A. and Rebecca J. (Davis) Mays.
The father was born in Ohio and was a farmer
by occupation, following that pursuit in the Buck-
eye state until 1864, when he came to Illinois, set-
tling in Pittsfield township. He bought a farm
of one hundred and forty acres and resided there-
on until 1884, when he went to California, estab-
lishing his home near Ventura, where he now re-
sides at the advanced age of seventy-eight years.
His wife also survives and is now seventy-
seven years of age. He has retired from active
farm life, but is still the owner of a large fruit
farm in California, which is well situated and re-
turns to him an excellent annual income. His
political allegiance has long been given to the
democracy and both he and his wife are members
of the Methodist church. In the family were-
three children, of whom two are now living : Mar-
•cellus, of this review, and William Mays, who is
a resident of California.

Marcellus Mays was educated in the schools
of Ohio and Illinois, and after putting aside his-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

157

text-books began farming. He remained at home
until twenty-five years of age, after which he
purchased ninety acres of land on section 31,
Pittsfield township, where he now resides. He
carries on general farming and stock-raising, mak-
ing a specialty of hogs and cattle. He keeps thor-
oughbred Poland China hogs and also raises a
high grade of cattle. In all of his work he has
displayed close application and unremitting dili-
gence as well as good business discernment.

In 1877 Mr. Mays was married to Miss Cenith
Townsend, who was formerly a school teacher.
She was born in Pike county and is a daughter
of William and Nancy R. Townsend, both of
whom are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Mays
have no children of their own, but have reared
an adopted daughter, Esther McClintock Mays,
who has received from them the care, love and
attention which would have been given .to an own
child. She became a member of their household
in 1895, when seven years of age. She is a great
lover of music, possessing much natural talent
in that direction, and she is a graduate of the
Pike county schools. Mr. Mays was formerly a
democrat, but is now independent in his political
affiliation. He belongs to lodge No. 453, A. F.
& A. M., of New Hartford, and to Summer Hill
camp, No. 1053, M. W. A. He and his wife are
members of the Methodist church. He is now
faking life in a somewhat easy manner, having
acquired a competence that relieves him from
the more arduous cares of farm work. His excel-
lent qualities of manhood endear him to those
with whom he has come in contact and he is one
of the representative citizens of his community.
He has read extensively, keeping well informed
on questions of the day, political and otherwise,
and is a pleasant companion and gentleman of
genial and social disposition, who has gained
many friends.

WILLIAM H. DUNHAM.

William H. Dunham has since 1891 resided
upon his present farm in New Salem township
and in connection with general agricultural pur-
suits he is engaged in buying and selling hogs

and cattle. Numbered among the native sons
of the county, his birth occurred near Maysville,
on the gth of July, 1859, his parents being
Nathaniel and Mary (Kiser) Dunham. The
father came from Ohio to Pike county about 1844.
His birth had occurred in Warren county, Ohio,
on the 1 4th of February, 1834, and he was there-
fore a youth of ten years when he accompanied
his parents on their removal to this state. The
paternal grandfather, Lewis Dunham, was born
September 12, 1802, and was a cooper by trade,
but devoted the greater part of his time and
attention to agricultural pursuits after removing
to the west. He died September 14, 1866. As.
a pioneer resident he was well known in the
county and he aided in the early development and
substantial improvement of this part of the state.
Nathaniel Dunham was here reared and edu-
cated. He bore the usual hardships and pri-
vations of pioneer life and shared with the family
in the arduous task of developing a new farm.
On the 26th of October, 1854, he was united in
marriage to Miss Mary A. Kiser, a daughter of
Daniel Kiser, who settled in Pike county in 1844.
Mrs. Dunham was born in Warren county, In-
diana, on the 3d of May, 1838, and remained
under the parental roof until she went to her
husband's home. She has been to him a faithful
companion and helpmate on life's journey. Mr.
Dunham for many years -engaged in general
farming and stock-raising. He owned about four
hundred acres of rich and productive land and
for many years resided in the vicinity of Mays-
ville, while at the present time he and his wife
make their home in that town, where he is now
retired from active business cares. He votes with
the democracy and both he and his wife are
members of the United Brethren church, in which
Mr. Dunham is serving as a trustee. They take
an active and helpful part in the work of the
church and are interested in all that tends to the
moral development as well as the material prog-
ress of the community. Mr. Dunham has reach-
ed the age of seventy-two years, while his wife
has passed the sixty-ninth milestone on life's
journey. In their family were seven children,
five of whom are yet living : Daniel, who resides
in New Salem township ; William H. ; Louis O.,.

158

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

who resides in Griggsvill'e; Nicholas and David,
both deceased; Charles E., who is living on the
old homestead near Maysville; and Orpha J.,
who is the wife of Stanton Kennedy, a resident
of Griggsville township.

William H. Dunham was educated in Mays-
ville, acquiring a good English education. As
the father was crippled the children early had to
start out in life on their own account and William
H. Dunham followed the plow when only eight
years of age. His youth was largely a period
of earnest and unremittng toil but he developed
thereby a self-reliance and force of character
which have made him a strong man in later
years — strong in his honor and 'good name, strong
in his purposes and in what he has accomplished.
When twenty-one years of age he was married,
but remained upon the home farm for two years
longer and at the age of twenty-three years he
began the operation of rented land, giving his
time and energies to farm labor for ten years
longer. He then bought one hundred and sixty
acres where he now resides, taking up his abode
thereon in 1891. He has a splendid property
here, the land being arable and responding readily
to the care and cultivation he bestows upon it.
The fields are now well tilled and he has good
buildings upon the place, including a fine two
story residence. He also buys and sells hogs and
cattle and everything about his farm is kept in
excellent condition, its neatness and thrift indi-
cating his careful supervision.

Mr. Dunham was married in 1880 to Miss
Sarah E. Aber, a native of Detroit township,
Pike county, born on the 28th of October, 1862,
;and a daughter of Henry and Ann Eliza (Sloan)
Aber. The father was an early settler here, hav-
ing come to Pike county when a young man with
his parents. By trade he is a blacksmith and for
many years led a very busy life. He still survives
but his wife has been called to her final rest.
Mrs. Dunham is one of six children. Her father
married again and had five children by his second
wife. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dunham have been
born ten children, of whom one died in infancy.
Nellie May, who pursued her education in Mays-
ville, Griggsville and in the State Normal School,
is now teaching for the fifth term. Mary Alta

married Newton Moon, resides in Griggsville
township and has two children, Amy May and
Charles Winfred. Nannie A., Orpha L., Bessie
D., Nathaniel Clay, Daniel Truman, Willa Fern,
and Sadie Esther are all at home. Lucinda
died in infancy. The home farm is pleas-
antly located about two and a half miles south-
east of New Salem. Mr. Dunham votes with the
democracy and for fifteen years served as school
director. He is a member of the Modern Wood-
men camp, No. 1 1 10, of New Salem and his wife
and eldest daughter are members of the Royal
Neighbors. He and his family hold membership
in the United Brethren church, in which he is
serving as a trustee and president of the board.
His life has been honorable and upright, his
actions manly and sincere and he is a gentleman
whom to know is to respect. He has made all
of his property by hard and persistent work and
his name stands as a synonym for business integ-
rity and unfaltering perseverance.

J. T. KIBLER.

J. T. Kibler, living on section n, Martinsburg
township, is one of the early settlers of Pike
county, dating his residence here from 1851, while
since 1866 he has lived upon his present farm.
He owns and operates one hundred and sixty
acres of land and is a prosperous agriculturist.
A native son of Ohio, he was born in Highland
county, on the r/th of July, 1824. His father was
Frederick Kibler, a native of Virginia, and his
grandfather was William Kibler, one of the early
residents of the Shenandoah valley in the Old
Dominion. He was of German birth. Frederick
Kibler was reared and educated in Virginia and
there married Leah Wilkin, who was born in that
state and was a daughter of Henry Wilkin, who
was likewise a native of Virginia but became an
early settler of Ohio. Both the Kibler and Wilkin
families went to the Buckeye state, settling near
Hillsboro, in Highland county, where Frederick
Kibler engaged in clerking and also developed a
farm. In his family were ten children, all of
whom reached years of maturity, J. T. Kibler

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

159

being the ninth in order of birth. Three of the
number are now living, the sixth being William,
who resides in Marjpil county, Kansas, while
Henry is living in Highland county, Ohio.

J. T. Kibler was reared in the Buckeye state
and supplemented his early education by study
in the South Salem Academy. Subsequently he
became a teacher of Highland county, where he
followed his profession for several years. On the
2ist of February, 1851, he was married to Miss
Sarah A. Ruble, of the same county, and daughter
of John Ruble, one of the first settlers of that
locality, to which place he removed from Ten-
nessee.

Not long after his marriage Mr. Kibler came
to Pike county, Illinois, arriving here on the i8th
of March, 1851. He located on a farm in New-
burg township, where he rented land and carried
on general agricultural pursuits for a year. He
also taught school during the winter months for
twelve or fifteen years, being one of the pioneer
educators of this locality, his labors contributing
in substantial measure to the intellectual develop-
ment of this part of the state. He also bought
a farm near the village of Time. This was an
improved place, which he further cultivated, and
in 1869 he bought his present property, compris-
ing one hundred and sixty acres on section 1 1 ,
Martinsburg township. There was an old log
cabin upon the place, in which he lived for two
years, when he built a more modern and com-
modious residence. He has continued the work
of improvement and cultivation until the farm
bears little resemblance to the place which came
into his possession more than a third of a cen-
tury ago. In fact, it is a splendidly improved
property and in the year 1905 he gathered there-
from four thousand bushels of corn, together with
other grain. He keeps a high grade of stock,
including cattle, horses and swine, and is one of
the enterprising and energetic agriculturists of
his community.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kibler have been born
seven children : Wiliam W., who is a druggist
in Visalia, California; Albert M., who is living
in Montgomery county, Missouri ; Ben F., a civil
engineer and rancher, also of Visalia ; W. A., who
resides in old Mexico, where he is a railroad-

bridge contractor ; Joseph B., who is farming with
his father ; Kathie B., the wife of N. E. Unsell,
of Pike county, Missouri ; and Rebecca V., the
wife of George Peters, who is deputy postmaster
at Pittsfield.

Politically Mr. Kibler has long been a repub-
lican. He was reared in the faith of the whig
party and cast his first presidential ballot for
Henry Clay. He supported Fremont in 1856
and has voted for each presidential nominee to
the present time. He served as township clerk
for several years and was also school treasurer
for eight or nine years. He has been connected
with the Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company
since its organization, has been a director for a
long period and during the last four years has
been its president. He and his wife are members
of the Christian church, with which they have
been identified from youth to the present time,
and now he is serving as an elder in the Martins-
burg church. This worthy couple have long
traveled life's journey together, celebrating their
golden wedding in 1901, and they are esteemed
as most worthy and respected people, whose lives
of uprightness and honor well entitle them to the
confidence and esteem of all who know them.

ISAAC BARTON.

There is perhaps no resident of Pike county
more deserving of mention among its represent-
atives and respected citizens than Isaac Barton,
a retired farmer now living in Pittsfield. He was
born in Kentucky, June 7, 1825, a son of William
'and Mary( Brewer) Barton, the former of Eng-
lish descent. The family, however, was founded
in America at an early day, the paternal grand-
father having been a native of Virginia, where
he followed the occupation of farming. At the
time of the outbreak of hostilities between the
colonies and the mother country, he espoused the
cause of liberty and laid down his life on its altar
in the battle of Bunker Hill. His wife lived to
the advanced age of eighty years and reared
their family of five children, filling the place of
both father and mother after the death of her

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

husband. During the greater part of her life she
was a devoted member of the Baptist church.

William Barton, father of our subject, was
born in the Old Dominion and in early manhood
went to Tennessee, where he was married to Miss
Mary Brewer, a native of that state and a woman
of high Christian character, belonging to the
Baptist church. They afterward removed to Knox
county, Kentucky, settling on the Cumberland
river, and were among the early residents of that
locality. Mr. Barton acquired a large tract of
land and met success in his business affairs. For
many years he was a deacon in the Baptist church
and took an active and helpful part in its work.
His political allegiance was given to the whig
party. He was killed in a runaway accident
when about sixty years of age and his wife died
when more than fifty years of age. In their
family were thirteen children, eight sons and five
daughters, of whom three are now living. Those
deceased are : Susan ; Henry ; James ; John ; Solo-
man ; William ; Lewis ; Elizabeth ; Sarah ; and
Nancy. Those who still survive are : Isaac ; Mary
Jane Barton, living in Kentucky ; and Daniel, also
of that state.

Isaac Barton was only eleven years of age at
the time of his father's death and he afterward
provided for his education by working for his
board and the privilege of attending school. He
remaining in his native state until twelve years of
age, pursuing his studies in one of the old-time log
schoolhouses, with its open fireplace, slab writing
desk beneath the window and other primitive
furnishings. He then accompanied his brother to
Parke county, Indiana, which was a pioneer dis-
trict with few evidences or promises of rapid de-
velopment, and there he secured employment as
a farm hand, his wage being seven dollars per
month for the first years. He continued in simi-
lar service for eight years and then learned the
carpenter's trade, which he followed for four or
five years, after which he operated a carding
machine for two years and also spent some time
in sawmills. He was likewise employed as a
clerk in a store before leaving Indiana, but think-
ing to find still better business opportunities in
Illinois, he came to Pike county in December,
1847, making the journey on horseback, at which

time his possessions consisted of his horse, saddle
and about fifteen dollars in money. For two years
he was employed in sawmills at Rockport, Pike
county, after which he invested his savings in
eighty acres of land on section 8, Martinsburg
township, of which only ten acres had been
cleared. A log house had also been built into
which he moved but after making some improve-
ments on that property he sold the place and
bought seventy-nine acres in Pleasant Hill town-
ship, the purchase price being six hundred dollars.
A year later he sold out for twelve hundred dol-
lars, thus realizing a good profit on his invest-
ment. He next became owner of one hundred and
sixty acres farther north, but soon disposed of
this at an advance of three hundred dollars and
invested in one hundred and sixty acres of timber
land north of Rockport, where he took up his
abode and there operated a sawmill for ten years.
As his financial resources increased he added to his
landed holding from time to time until he owned
three hundred and sixty acres. He carried on
farming on an extensive scale and also raised
stock, while to his farm he added excellent mod-
ern equipments and accessories. He carried on
his farm work in a most systematic and approved
manner and the place showed his careful super-
vision in its attractive appearance. He was
careful in expenditures but always in touch with
the spirit of progress in farm work and so directed
his labors that success resulted. He still owns
forty acres of valuable farming land together with
one of the finest homes in Pittsfield, standing
in the midst of seven acres of ground. The
dwelling, a beautiful brick residence, sets well
back from the street and the lawn is adorned with
fine evergreen trees, shrubs and flowering plants.
On the 1 5th of February, 1848, Mr. Barton
was married to Miss Rachel M. Owsley, who was
born in eastern Tennessee, December 27, 1830,
a daughter of Thomas and Charity (Butcher)
Owsley. The father was a most far-sighted busi-
ness man. He followed farming and he was also
the first in the country to deal in ready-made cof-
fins. He came to Pike county in 1847 and was
the owner of eleven hundred acres of bottom land
all in one body and a large farm on the upland.
He had three children but Mrs. Barton is the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

161

only one living. She is an intelligent lady and
earnest Christian woman who has indeed been a
faithful companion and helpmate to her husband.
They became the parents of eight children : Mary,
the wife of Richard Wells and a resident of
Arkansas ; William Thomas, deceased ; John A.,
who married Allie Hayes and lives in Missouri ;
Frank, who married Elizabeth Wells and resides
in Arkansas ; Delia R., at home ; Fred, who mar-
ried Annie Huffman and is located in Missouri ;
Anna, deceased; and Clyde E., a graduate of
Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia, and
now practicing his profession in Germantown.

Politically Mr. Barton is a stalwart democrat
and has been called to various offices by his
fellow townsmen who recognize his. trustworthi-
ness and ability. He was justice of the peace,
constable, assessor and collector while living in
Atlas township. He belongs to the Masonic
lodge of Hartford and both he and his wife have
been members of the Methodist church since
1855, taking an active and helpful part in its
work. Mr. Barton has served as steward, class
leader, trustee and superintendent of the Sunday-
school and his labors have been most beneficial.
He has always kept well informed on topics of
general interest and has lived an upright life,
crowned with successful accomplishment and the
respect and honor of his fellowmen throughout
the county in which he has now lived for almost
six decades, witnessing almost its entire growth
and development.

GILES H. PENSTONE.

Among the residents of Pittsfield formerly
identified with agricultural interests but now liv-
ing retired, is numbered Giles H. Penstone, who
took up his abode in this city in November, 1900.
He was born in London, England, February 22,
1838, and is a son of Giles and Sarah (Stratton)
Penstone, both of whom were natives of Berk-
shire, England. The father was engaged in the
dry-goods business in that country, having been
apprenticed to the trade when fifteen years of age.
In 1849 ne came with his family to America,

settling first in Newburg township, Pike county.
He there purchased eighty acres of land and for
about eighteen years carried on the work of the
farm, developing his place into a well improved
property. He then retired from active farm life
and removed to Griggsville, where he and his
wife spent their remaining days. In the mean-
time he added to his original possessions and
in connection with his sons had become the owner
of seven hundred and sixty-five acres of land in
Newburg township. In their family were six
children, four sons and two daughters, and with
the exception of one son all are yet living, namely :
Giles H. ; Edward, a resident of Pittsfield ; Strat-
ton, who is living in Newburg; Sarah, the wife of
David Dolbow; and Ellen R., the wife of Will
Kneeland of Griggsville.

Giles H. Penstone began his education in the
schools of England and continued his studies
after coming to America with his parents. He
was reared to farm life, early becoming familiar
with the duties and labors of the fields as he as-
sisted his father in the operation of the home
farm. He did not leave home on attaining his
majority, but, like the other brothers, continued
their business associations with their father and
invested in land until, as before stated, they
became the owners of valuable property. Through-
out his entire business career Mr. Penstone of this
review carried on general agricultural pursuits
and lived upon the homestead in Newburg town-
ship until his retirement from business life. In
all that he did he was methodical and systematic,
and his labors resulted in the acquirement of a
handsome competence so that he is now enjoying
the fruits of his former toil in a well earned rest.

At the time of the Civil war, responding to
his country's call for aid, he enlisted in 1862,
as a member of Company H, Seventy-third Regi-
ment of Illinois Volunteers under Captain James
R. Davidson, a Methodist Episcopal minister of
Griggsville, and at the close of his services he
was under command of Captain Joseph L. Mor-
gan, of Quincy, Illinois. The regiment was at-
tached to the Army of the Cumberland and he
was engaged in the battles of Perryville and
Stone River in 1862 and afterward in the en-
gagements at Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge,

1 62

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the Atlanta campaign, Kenesaw Mountain, Jones-
boro, Peach Tree Creek, Franklinyille, Nashville
and many skirmishes. He was wounded three
times at Perryville in the arm, at Chickamauga
in the leg and at Kenesaw Mountain in the left
hip. After sustaining his last wound and while
at Springfield he acted as head nurse in the hos-
pital for six months.

When the war was over Mr. Penstone returned
home and resumed farm work. He is now the
owner of four hundred and fifty-five acres of
valuable land in Newburg township and has
placed all of the improvements upon the property,
which is now a splendidly equipped farm with
fine buildings and modern accessories to facil-
itate the work of the fields and add to the at-
tractive appearance of the place. He has erected
a beautiful home and his land is as rich as any
that can be found in the county. When he had
acquired a handsome competence Mr. Penstone
retired and removed to Pittsfield, where he now
has a comfortable residence.

In 1867 was celebrated the marriage of Giles
H. Penstone and Miss Julia E. Edom, a native
of Lucas county, Ohio, born in 1840, and a
daughter of Edward Edom, who came to Pike
county in 1856. The father was a farmer by
occupation and after devoting some years to gen-
eral agricultural pursuits removed to Barry, where
he conducted a hotel for twenty years, his death
there occurring. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Penstone
have been born two sons and four daughters:
Charles H. and Edward G., who are living on
their father's farm; May E., the wife of George
Sanderson, a resident of Rock Island ; Nettie, the
wife of D. B. Welty, living in Oklahoma; Nellie,
at home; and Clara M., who is a teacher in
Griggsville.

Mr. Penstone is a republican and has been
honored with some local offices, having served
as township commissioner for twelve years and
as justice of the peace for four years. He has
likewise been school director for a number of years
and his interest in the general welfare is that of a
public-spirited citizen who puts forth effective
personal effort for the good of the community.
He belongs to W. W. Lawton post, No. 338, G.
A. R., of Griggsville and he is a member of the

Masonic fraternity. He also belongs to the Con-
gregational church and served as deacon and trus-
tee of the church at Griggsville for a long period.
Residing in Pike county from the age of eleven
years he has a wide acquaintance here and his
business activity and integrity have stood as un-
questioned facts in his career, bringing him suc-
cess and an honored name simultaneously.

ABBIE A. HATCH.

Abbie A. Hatch, whose efforts have been an
important factor in the intellectual development
of Pike county, is a representative of one of the
honored and prominent pioneer families of this
part of the state, her parents being Isaac A. and
Lydia (Baxter) Hatch. Her father was well
known in Pike county, where his labors proved
of the utmost value in the promotion of business
and social progress. He was born in Hillsboro,
Hillsboro county, New Hampshire, on the I3th
of September, 1812, and was of Welsh and Irish
descent, although the family has been repre-
sented in America through many generations.
More than two and a half centuries ago the
Hatch family was established in Connecticut and
the descendants of the original settlers remained
in the old Charter Oak state until Reuben Hatch,
Sr., removed to New Hampshire. One of his
brothers, also leaving the ancestral state, settled
in Vermont and a third in Maine.

Reuben Hatch, Jr., father of Isaac Hatch, was
born in New Hampshire, prepared for the prac-
tice of medicine and surgery and became a dis-
tinguished physician. He married Miss Lucy
Andrews and they became the parents of nine
children, of whom Isaac Hatch was the second
in order of birth, his elder brother being Seth C.
Hatch, who engaged in the practice of medicine
and surgery and at the time of the Civil war of-
fered his services to the government, becoming
surgeon in the Sixty-second Illinois Infantry. His
last days were spent in Barry, Pike county, Illi-
nois. O. M. Hatch became a distinguished citi-
zen of the state, prominent in republican circles.

ISAAC A HATCH

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

165

He served as clerk of the circuit court of Pike
county for eight years, and for a similar period
was the secretary of state in Illinois. He
was thus the associate and contemporary
of many of the distinguished residents of
Illinois, who regarded him in matters of states-
craft as every way their peer. Retiring from of-
fice he took up his abode in Springfield, where
he resided until the time of his death, which oc-
curred in 1893. He was, however, connected
with business interests in Pike county, having
extensive investments in a bank here. Sylvanus
Hatch, now deceased, was a farmer of Pike
county. Reuben, who has also passed away, was
a merchant of Griggsville and at the time of the
Civil war served as quartermaster in an Illinois
regiment, his death being occasioned by disease
contracted in the service. Rebecca was the wife
of Alexander Starr, a merchant and politician
in Griggsville. John has now passed away.
Franklin, who was a farmer of Griggsville town-
ship, is also deceased. Lucinda became the wife
of D. B. Bush, of Portland, Oregon.

In the maternal line Miss Hatch of this review
is descended from Major Isaac Andrews, who
was an officer of the war of 1812. He was the
father of Mrs. Reuben Hatch, who died in New
Hampshire. Her husband afterward came to
this state in January, 1836, settling at Griggsville,
where he died when more than four score years
of age.

Isaac Hatch, well known as a prominent and
honored pioneer resident of Pike county, spent
the first seventeen years of his life in Hillsboro,
New Hampshire, and enjoyed the advantages
of the public schools there but he was ambitious
to acquire a still broader education and with this
end in view went to Boston, Massachusetts, with
a drover, thinking that in such an educational
center he would have opportunity to continue
his studies, but he found that a poor boy had lit-
tle chance there and he had to turn his attention
to something that would yield him a living. He
therefore entered the employ of a gentleman who
was engaged in dealing in West India goods,
largely carrying on a wholesale trade. Mr. Hatch
remained in Boston until 1832, when he returned
to his native town and became a clerk in a gen-

eral mercantile store, retaining his residence in
Hillsboro until he came to Illinois in 1835. From
that time until after the inauguration of the
Civil war his attention was largely given to trade.

as one of the wealthy men of the county. His
ness he closed up his accounts on account of slow-
ness in collection and not long afterward he re-
ceived and accepted the appointment of revenue
collector, being the first incumbent in this posi-
tion in Pike and Brown counties. He served for
several years, discharging his duties with prompt-
ness and fidelity and giving general satisfaction
to his superior officers, although he. met with
considerable opposition in the enforcement of the
law, for this section of the state was rather a
hotbed of discontent during the period of the
Civil war, owing to the fact that there were
many southern as well as northern families liv-
ing in Pike county.

Mr. Hatch continued to fill the position of col-
lector until 1864, after which he was variously
employed until 1870, when he was urged by his
friends to establish a banking business and in
company with his brother, Hon. O. M. Hatch,
formerly secretary of state, he opened a private
bank. In 1873 the brother withdrew and in July
of that year the bank was re-organized as a na-
tional bank with Isaac Hatch as one of its large
stockholders and most active managers. He
placed the bank upon a safe conservative basis
that awakened uniform confidence and secured a
liberal patronage. His business methods were
such as neither required nor sought disguise and
lie had the full trust of the general public. In
business matters he possessed sound judgment,
which was rarely, if ever, at fault and each step
was carefully and thoughtfully made, so that he
ultimately reached the goal of success. As he
prospered in his undertakings he made judicious
investment in property and was the owner of
several farms in this vicinity, being recognized
as one of the wealthy men of the county. His
life was indeed a very busy and useful one and
he carried forward to sviccessful completion
whatever he undertook, so that his example is
well worthy of emulation, showing the force and
value of industry and integrity as active and es-
sential factors in a prosperous business career.

i66

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Mr. Hatch never sought nor desired public
office, nor did he ever belong to any secret soci-
ety. He preferred to give his undivided atten-
tion to his business affairs, regarding such in-
terests as abundantly worthy of his best efforts,
yet he was never remiss in the duties of citizen-
ship and co-operated in many measures for the
general good, but preferred to do his public serv-
ice as a private citizen.

In early manhood he wedded Miss Lydia Bax-
ter, a native of New Hampshire, in which state
their marriage took place in 1840. Her father
was Jonathan Baxter and further mention is
made of the family in connection with the his-
tory of John F. Hatch on another page of this
work. Mrs. Hatch is an estimable lady of su-
perior culture and refinement. By her marriage
she had two children who reached adult age,
Abbie A. and John F., while George died in in-
fancy. The parents were members of the Con-
gregational church in Griggsville and took a
most active and helpful part in its work. Mr. Hatch
was ever a student of the signs of the times, noted
the trend of events and held firm opinions con-
cerning the expediency and value of any meas-
ure which was introduced for the public good.
He never faltered to uphold a course which he
believed to be right nor condemn one which he
believed to be wrong and his labors proved an
important element in the substantial progress
and upbuilding of Pike county. He left the im-
press of his individuality for good upon the pub-
lic welfare and did much toward molding public
thought and opinion.

Miss Abbie A. Hatch, his only daughter, ac-
quired her early education in the public schools
and when a young lady of seventeen entered the
State Normal School at Normal, Illinois. After
finishing her studies at this place she returned
home and began teaching in Pike county. Soon
after, however, she went to Cairo, Illinois, where
she engaged in teaching for four years and then
returned to Griggsville, where she taught school
for fifteen or twenty years, having the ability to
impart clearly and readily to others the knowl-
edge that she had acquired. She did much
toward elevating the standard of public instruc-
tion in this county and her efforts were of value

in the promotion of the school interests of
Griggsville. She added to her own knowledge
through travel, making many trips with her par-
ents through the east and on various occasions
visiting their old home in New Hampshire. She
has also attended the Chautauqua assemblies at
Chautauqua Lake, New York, on different occa-
sions and the Bay View assemblies near Petoskey,
Michigan. She has twice gone to California, vis-
iting the various points of historic and scenic in-
terest in the valleys and through the mountain dis-
tricts of the far west, has also made three trips to
Colorado, has visited Salt Lake and also traveled
northward through Minnesota and Wisconsin. She
has likewise gone to the northwestern portion of
the country, journeying as far as Tacoma and,
suiting her pleasure and convenience, has stopped
off at various places en route to the west or upon
the eastern trip. She is eligible to membership
in the society of the Daughters of the Revolution
both in the paternal and maternal line. Deeply
interested in educational work, she has ever been
zealous and conscientious in her efforts as a
teacher and the efficiency and value of her labors
is acknowldged by many who have come under
her instruction.

CAPTAIN GEORGE BARBER.

Captain George Barber, the owner of five hun-
dred acres of valuable and well improved land in
Pike county, and a resident of Pittsfield, was born
in this county in 1844, his parents being Austin
and Caroline (Johnson) B-nber. The father was
born in Ohio in 1809, while the mother's birth oc-
curred in Missouri, but both are now deceased.
They came to Pike county in 1833, and Austin
Barber conducted a general mercantile business
in Pittsfield, being one of the first representatives
of commercial interests in the town. Later he
sold out and invested in land, entering his first
farm from the government, but to this he added
from time to time as his financial resources in-
creased until he owned more than one thousand
acres, five hundred acres of which lay in Pike
county, while the remainder was in adjoining

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

167

counties. He retained possession of this exten-
sive property up to the time of his death, although
he largely resided in Pittsfield. His business ca-
reer was characterized by integrity, honor and
industry and was well worthy of emulation. In
community affairs he was actively and helpfully
interested and served for four years as county
clerk. He. was a stanch republican, prominent
in the local ranks of the party and both he and
his wife were devoted members of the Christian
church. In his family were three sons, all of
whom are living: Levi, who resides in Mc-
Donough county, Illinois ; George, of this review,
and Austin D., who is living in Hancock county
and is president of the state board of agriculture.
He is likewise very prominent in political circles.

Captain Barber pursued his education in the
common schools of Pittsfield and when eighteen
years of age enlisted in the United States army
as a member of Company A, Ninety-ninth Regi-
ment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He was a non-
commissioned officer and served for three years,
campaigning in Missouri, after which he went to
Vicksburg, subsequently to Texas and later to
Mobile. Alabama. He participated in the battles
of Magnolia Hill, Black River Bridge, Champion
Hill, Jackson and the siege at Vicksburg from
the 28th of April until the 4th of July, 1863. His
regiment .led the charge of Vicksburg, where one-
third of its number were killed and wounded. The
last engagements in which he participated were
at Mobile, Fort Blakely and Spanish Fort.

After being mustered out Captain Barber re-
turned home and for twelve years was engaged
in the cultivation of one of the farms owned by
his father. He then came to Pittsfield, where
he engaged in the grocery business for ten years,
and during most of the time since he has acted
as deputy postmaster, which office he is still fill-
ing. He has been a member of the National
Guard for seventeen years, and when the Spanish-
American war was inaugurated he once more
offered his aid to his country, enlisting in Com-
pany A, Fifth Regiment of Illinois Volunteer
Infantry. He was first lieutenant and was trans-
ferred to Company B, after which he was pro-
moted to the captaincy. He enlisted in Spring-
field, was sent to Chickamauga Park and thence

to Newport News, where the regiment took pas-
sage on the transport, but just about that time
peace was declared and they returned to Lex-
ington, where they were mustered out.

Captain Barber was married in 1866 to Miss
Mary Frances Hicks, a native of New York, now
deceased. They were the parents of two children :
Charles, who is a bookkeeper in the First Na-
tional Bank in Pittsfield, and T. H., who is con-
nected with the Deaf and Dumb Institute at Jack-
•sonville. For his second wife Captain Barber
chose Leona Binns, who was born in Pike county
and is a daughter of E. F. Binns, now deceased.
He was prominent in political circles here and
served as county clerk for one term.

Captain and Mrs. Barber occupy a fine home
in Pittsfield one block south of the courthouse
square, and in addition to this property he owns
five hundred acres of valuable and productive
farm land, well improved, and is associated with
his son in the superintendency of this farm, where-
on they are engaged in the raising of fine Here-
ford cattle. In his political views Captain Barber
is a stalwart republican and for several terms has
served as supervisor of Pittsfield township. He
belongs to Dick Gilmore post, No. 515, G. A. R.,
and both he and his wife are members of the
Christian church. His entire life has been passed
in Pike county and he has therefore been a wit-
ness of its growth and development through more
than six decades. His acquaintance is wide and
tavorable for his strong and salient characterist-
ics in financial, political, official and social circles
have b^en such as to gain for him the warm re-
gard and friendship of those with whom he has
come in contact.

JOHN WEBER.

John Weber, receiver for the Exchange Bank
of Barry, is a native of St. Louis, Missouri. He
is a son of John and Margaret (Meis) Weber,
both of whom were natives of Germany. They
emigrated to America in 1841, settling in Pitts-
burg, Pennsylvania, whence they afterward went
to St. Louis, Missouri, where their son John 'was

i68

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

born. In 1844 they removed to Adams county,
Illinois, where the father rented a farm for two
years and then purchased the property which was
located in Beverly township. There he carried
on general agricultural pursuits until within a few
years of his death, his last days, however, being
spent in honorable retirement from further labor.
He made his home with his children and died
in Adams county in 1886. Both he and his wife
were earnest and upright Christian people, hold-
ing membership in the Lutheran church, in which
faith they had been reared. In their family were
four children and the mother is still living, now
making her home with her son John.

It was during his infancy that John Weber
was taken to Adams county, Illinois, where he was
reared in the parental home amid pioneer scenes
and environments. He attended school in a prim-
itive frame building where the seats were made
of split logs resting upon wooden pins. He be-
gan work upon the farm when a small boy and
at the age of twenty-one years he left home and
turned his attention to the profession of teaching,
which he followed for two terms. He afterward
clerked for one season in a store and later he
opened an establishment of his own in Kingston,
where he engaged in business for two years. At
the end of that time he sold out there and with
his brother-in-law purchased the flour mill in that
town. Six years later he disposed of his interest
in the mill and was engaged in teaching through
two terms of school.

In June, 1877, Mr. Weber came to Barry and
in the fall of that year purchased the Empire
House, which he managed for three years. After
disposing of his hotel interests he traveled for a
few months in the west and on his return pur-
chased a grocery store in Barry, which he con-
ducted for six years. He then sold out and be-
came proprietor of a warehouse, being thus identi-
fied with the business interests of the city for some
time, while at the present writing he is receiver
for the Exchange Bank.

Mr. Weber was married in 1867 to Miss Rosa
Perkins, a native of Adams county, Illinois, and
a daughter of B. C. and Isabel (High) Perkins.
Unto this union have been born four children :
Ralph K., Harry, Nettie and Cora. In his po-

litical views Mr. Weber is a republican and for
six years served as a member of the city council.
He has also been a member of the school board
and was township supervisor of Barry township.

JOHN G. McKINNEY, M. D.

Dr. John G. McKinney, who in former years,
was actively engaged in the general practice of
medicine, but now confines his attention largely
to office and consultation practice in Barry, is
classed with the prominent and representative citi-
zens of Pike county, the qualities of his manhood,
aside from his professional ability, winning for
him public regard and favor. A native of Ohio,
he was born in Cadiz, Harrison county, December
27, 1835. The family is supposed to be of
Scotch lineage. It is definitely known that the
great-grandfather was a sea captain, who for
some years resided on the Isle of Man. He was
lost at sea with his ship. His son, George Mc-
Kinney, however, grandfather of our subject, was
born in Ireland and spent the days of his boyhood
and youth in that country. He was also married
on the Green Isle of Erin and with his first wife
came to the United States, establishing his home
in Harrison county, Ohio, at an early epoch in its
history, remaining a resident of that locality up
to the time of his demise. He was a tailor by
trade. By his first marriage he had one son,
William, and by his second marriage had four
sons who reached adult age, John, George, Fryar
and James.

The last named was the father of Dr. McKin-
ney of this review. He was probably born in
Ohio, and at all events he spent the period of his
youth in that state, where he learned and fol-
lowed the trade uf a carpenter and joiner, con-
ducting business at Cadiz until 1837, when he emi-
grated westward to Illinois, accompanied by his
wife and five children. The journey was made by-
way of the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois rivers,
and they landed at Phillips' ferry, the present site
of Valley City. James McKinney chose as a lo-
cation a tract of land about a mile southwest of
Griggsville, which at that time was a small village

DR. JOHN G. McKINNEY

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

171

containing: hut one or two houses. The entire
county showed every evidence of frontier life for
there were no railroads and the work of develop-
ment seemed scarcely begun. Only here and there
had a little clearing been made to indicate that the
work of improvement had commenced, which in
due course of time produced a wonderful trans-
formation in the appearance of this part of the
state. Much of the land was still in possession of
the government but as James McKinney had in-
sufficient capital for the purchase of pr<}pe(rty, he
rented land for three years. He' then, received
from his father some money and he entered a tract
of land from the government for his two sons,
George W. and John G. McKinney, this tract be-
ing located in what is known as New Salem
township. He bnilt thereon a hewed log cabin
covered with rived shingles, which was consid-
ered the best building in that section of the county
at that time. Mr. McKinney continued to carry
on building operations most of the time, but when
not thus engaged his attention was given to the
cutlivation and improvement of his land on which
he lived for about ten years. He then purchased
an improved tract of land about two miles north-
east of Baylis, making his home thereon until
about 1 864, when he became a resident of Sardorus
township, Champaign county, Illinois, having sold
his property in Pike county. Following his re-
moval he invested in a tract of prairie land upon
which only a few improvements had been made.
He continued its further cultivation until 1877,
when he established his home in Plainville,
Adams county, Illinois, purchasing a home there,
and afterward buying lots and building a house,
which remained his home until his death. His
wife then bore the maiden name of Mary Orr and
was born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, a
daughter of James Orr. Mrs. McKinney was one
of the worthy pioneer women, did the work that
usually fell to the lot of wives, mothers and
daughters of the frontier settlers, cooking over a
fireplace and weaving both wool and flax. She
died in Champaign county, Illinois, at an ad-
vanced age. In the family were seven sons and
two daughters.

Dr. McKinney was only two years old when
brought by his parents to Pike county and in his

youth he pursued his studies in one of the old-
time log schoolhouses. In the end of the room
was a large fireplace and the seats and other
equipments of the little "temple of learning" were
very primitive. The larger pupils wrote their
"copy" upon a desk made by placing a board upon
wooden pins driven into the wall. As his age and
strength permitted Dr. McKinney aided in the
work of the home farm, continuing to reside
thereon until his marriage. He afterward began
farming on his own account, following that pur-
suit until 1861, when failing health caused him
"to turn his attention to other labor. Taking up
the study of medicine, for which he seemed to .
possess a natural predilection, he entered upon the
practice of his profession at Pleasant Hill in
1863. After a year he removed to Rock-
port, where he spent three years, and in 1867 he
located for practice at .Kingston, Adams county.
He made further preparation for his chosen call-
ing by study in Rush Medical College, of Chi-
cago, from which he was graduated in 1868, after
which he returned to Kingston, there residing
until 1875, when he came to Barry. Here he
rented a house and established a sanitarium and in
1885 he built a commodious and well arranged
frame building for sanitarium purposes. In the
conduct of this institution he met with success
and at the same time performed a valuable serv-
ice for his fellowmen. For some time he was as-
sociated with his brother George W., 'and they
ever maintained a foremost place in the ranks of
the medical fraternity. Always ambitious to
broaden his knowledge and promote his efficiency,
Dr. McKinney, of this review, pursued post-
graduate work in the medical department of the
Northwestern University and in 1883 was a post-
graduate student in Rush Medical College, and
later in a polyclinic in New York city, his certifi-
cate from that institution bearing date of 1887.
Two years later he went abroad and acquainted
himself with modern methods abroad in the prin-
cipal hospitals of London, Berlin, Paris, Vienna
and Dublin. His practice constantly increased in
volume and importance and he was accorded a
position of prominence among the representative
physicians of western Illinois. In more recent
years, however, he has largely retired from the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

active work of the profession and is now giving
his attention only to office and consultation prac-
tice. He has kept abreast with modern scientific
research and investigation through his member-
ship in the State Medical Society and the Missis-
sippi Valley Medical Association.

Dr. McKinney was first married in 1856 to
Miss Elizabeth Boulware, a native of Pike county
and a daughter of Daniel and Christina Boulware,
pioneer residents of this locality. She died in
June, 1861, and in November, 1863, Dr. McKin-
ney wedded Malinda Vining, a native of Adams
county and a daughter of Abner Vining. There
have been three sons born of this marriage and
there were two children by the first marriage :
Hardin W., who married Martha Chamberlin ;
and Mary E., the wife of Professor R. W. Ken-
ady. Of the sons of the second marriage, James
A. spent four years at the Illinois State Normal
School and four years at Rush Medical College,
from which he was graduated. He was also for
four years a student in a medical school in Louis-
ville, Kentucky, of which he was an alumnus. He
died at Grand Valley, Colorado, where he was
practicing at the time of his death. George B. is
a resident of Barry, where he is engaged in the
practice of dentistry. Jerome is now living at
home. In 1902 Dr. McKinney was called upon to
mourn the loss of his second wife, who died in
that year. On the i8th of February, 1903, he
wedded Mrs. Electa Henry.

Dr. McKinney sold his sanitarium in 1898 to
Dr. Charles E. Beavers, after which he removed to
Quincy, but when two years had passed he re-
turned to Barry. For sixty-eight years he has
lived in Pike county, and has long been recognized
as one of its most valued and representative men.
In addition to his practice he is connected with
other business interests, being a stockholder in
the Exchange Bank at Barry. He has deeded
all of his real estate over to the bank trustees for
the benefit of the depositors, for such is his ideal
of honesty and business integrity. His advance-
ment in life is attributable entirely to his own ef-
forts. He was dependent upon his own labors for
his education and he resolved that he would pro-
vide his children with good advantages in that
direction and has done so. He is a liberal man in

public affairs and has contributed generously to
movements for the public good. An exemplary
member of the Masonic fraternity, he joined the
order in New Salem in 1861, and is now connected
with Barry lodge, No. 34, A. F. & A. M. ; Barry
chapter. No. 88, R. A. M., ; Ascalon commandery,
No. 49, K. T., at Pittsfield, which was chartered
October 3, 1876, and of which he is a charter
member. He also belongs to the Methodist Epis-
copal church and his life has ever been actuated
by high and honorable principles and his entire
career has been in harmony with those traits of
character which ever command respect and re-
gard. His work has been of benefit to his fellow
men as well as a source of profit to himself and he
is to-day numbered among the valued and repre-
sentative citizens of Pike countv.

JOHN F. HATCH.

John F. Hatch, dealer in lumber and coal at
Griggsville, was born in Hillsboro, New Hamp-
shire, on the 5th of January, 1850, a son of Isaac
A. and Lydia (Baxter) Hatch, both of whom
were natives of Hillsboro. The father was born
September 13, 1812, and his life record continued
until February 7, 1896. He was married in
Hillsboro, October 6, 1840, to Miss Lydia Baxter,
who was born October n, 1814, and they became
the parents of a son and daughter, the latter
being Abbie A. Hatch, who was born March 3,
1842. In 1835 the father came to Illinois, settling
in Pike county, but in 1840 returned to New
Hampshire, and it was on the 6th of October of
that year that he was married. He afterward
started with his wife for the west, traveling by
team to Boston, Massachusetts, and on by way
of Pennsylvania to Illinois, making the journey
by canal and teams. At length he reached Pike
county and he and his brother, Hon. O. M. Hatch,
first purchased two sections of wild land near
Griggsville. They also bought timber land at
Milton, about two miles from Chambersburg,
and built a saw and grist mill at that point and
also erected a large storehouse. They conducted
the milling business for a number of winters and
also broke wild prairie land in Griggsville town-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

173

ship, converting it into cultivatable fields. Isaac
Hatch here carried on farming1 for about thir-
teen years and then in 1862 built a fine home in
the city of Griggsville, where his widow and
daughter are now living. She has made her
home in this residence for forty-three years and
now in her ninety-first year is enjoying good
health, being a bright and active woman, happy
in man}' pleasant memories of the past. In 1861-2
Mr. Hatch served as revenue collector, and in
1873 he and his brother, O. M. Hatch, organized
the Griggsville National Bank. Previous to this
time his brother had served as secretary of state
of Illinois and was a prominent factor in political
circles in the state for many years. Isaac Hatch
became cashier of the new bank and continuously
filled the position until within two years of his
death, when failing health caused him to retire.
In politics he voted for the candidates whom he
considered best qualified for office regardless
of party affiliation. He belonged to the Congre-
gational church and his efforts were a factor in
the material, intellectual, social and moral prog-
ress of the community. The Hatch family is
one of the most prominent in Pike county and the
family name is inseparably interwoven with its
history from pioneer times down to the present.

John F. Hatch was a young lad when brought
by his parents to Pike county and in the schools
of Griggsville acquired his early education, which
was supplemented by study in Princeton, Illinois,
and by a course in Cornell University. In early
manhood he was married, on the nth of March,
1873, to Miss Jenetta Vose, who was born Sep-
tember 8, 1852, in Danbury, New York, her
parents being Marcellus and Phebe (Montgom-
ery) Vose, both of whom were natives of the
Empire state, the father dying when sixty years
of age and his wife when fifty-five years of
age. They were married in the Empire state
and came to Pike county, Illinois, in 1874,
locating first on a farm near Griggsville. Sub-
sequently they became residents of Liberty,
Adams county, Illinois, and Mr. Vose died in
that county. Their children were Sarah, Mrs.
Hatch, Fannie, William and Frank.

Following the completion of his education in
Cornell University Mr. Hatch returned to Griggs-

ville and began farming, which pursuit he fol-
lowed until 1890, when he purchased the lumber
and coal yard of the firm of Button & Benson,
and has since carried on business in this city
with a patronage that is indicative of his straight-
forward methods and the confidence reposed in
him by the general public.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hatch have been born four
daughters : Nettie May, who was born April'
15, 1874, and is a wife of Harry N. Capps, a
resident of Jacksonville, Illinois; Stella M., born
February 17, 1876; Julia Edna, born December
18, 1878; and Ethel Blanche, who was born
November 24, 1880, and is the wife of William
S. Sanford, a resident of Chicago.

The wife and mother died August 23, 1893.
Mr. Hatch has been a member of the city council
of Griggsville, to which position he was elected
on the republican ticket. He belongs to the Con-
gregational church and is a worthy representative
of an honored pioneer family, his record being
in harmony, with that of the representatives in
the previous generation— his father and uncle,
who made a most creditable record in the various
departments of life into which their activities
were directed. Mr. Hatch is now closely con-
nected with the commercial interests of Griggs-
ville and his careful management of his business
and well directed labor are bringing him the
success which is the reward of active labor.

JAMES H. CRANE.

James H. Crane, now living retired but for
many years a leading factor in public life and the
business activity of Pittsfield and Pike county,
was born in Scott county, Illinois, July 25, 1832,
a son of Samuel L. Crane, a native of Weather-
field, Connecticut. Leaving New England he
removed to Kentucky, where he was married, and
in 1824 he took up his abode in Scott county, Illi-
nois. He was a tanner by trade but lost an arm
and afterward gave his time and attention largely
to the conduct of a hotel. He was proprietor of
the Union Hotel of Pittsfield at the time of his
death and for a long time was postmaster of the
city, proving a competent and popular official.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

In his family were five children, of whom two
sons and two daughters are yet living: William,
who is a miner in Utah ; James, of this review ;
Mrs. D. W. Hyde, a resident of Pittsfield ; and
Delia Crane, who is also living in this city.

Tames Crane, at the usual age, began his edu-
cation as a pupil of Jon Shastid, of Perry, but
largely acquired his education in the public schools
of Pittsfield. He afterward learned the printer's
trade with George W. Smith and followed that
pursuit for some time, being to-day the oldest
printer in Piftsfield. He afterward became the
assistant of his father in the postoffice and re-
mained with him until after the inauguration of
the Civil war, when, on the 23d of August, 1861,
he enlisted as a member of Company G, Ninety-
ninth Regiment of Illinois Infantry, with which
he served for six months. He then returned home
in February, 1862, having been honorably dis-
charged by reason of disability occasioned by in-
juries received in the army. The only important
battle in which he participated was at Hartsville,
Missouri. He held the rank of first lieutenant.

Following his return home Mr. Crane entered
the office of the circuit clerk as assistant to George
Jones, who was afterward secretary of state and
died in Springfield. Mr. Crane served in the cir-
cuit clerk's office until the following election, when
he was chosen circuit clerk by popular suffrage,
filling the office for four years, after which he was
deputy clerk under George W. Archer and oth-
ers. He was connected with the office altogether
for about sixteen years and he was also post-
master of Pittsfield for four years under the ad-
ministration of President Cleveland. He has since
filled the office of justice of the peace for three
years, but is now living retired. He has in his
possession the old desk which was in the circuit
clerk's office in 1856 and which he used when
employed there as deputy.

Mr. Crane was married November 6, 1856, to
Miss Emma Fisher, of Clermont county, Ohio,
who came here with her uncle, Judge Ward, about
1854. Mr. and Mrs. Crane became parents of
one son, Samuel Crane, who is now in the office
of the Pittsfield Abstract Company. He married
Leo Rathburn and they have two children, Cath-
erine and Josephine.

In the year of his marriage Mr. Crane built
a home in the west part of the city which -he oc-
cupied until 1880, when he sold that and pur-
chased his present fine home within six blocks
of the courthouse square. He also owns several
business blocks and is well-to-do, having made
judicious investment in property which yields
him a good return. He belongs to the Methodist
church, his wife to the Episcopal church, and in
the city where they have so long resided they have
many warm friends. They have now traveled
life's journey together for almost fifty years. In
his fraternal relations Mr. Crane is a Mason and
Knights of Pythias and also belongs to post No.
515, G. A. R. He has been a member of the Ma-
sonic order over fifty years. His political alle-
giance has always been given the democracy. For
many years the name of Crane has been associated
with public service in Pittsfield, as represented
by father and son, and in this, as in other connec-
tions, has ever been a synonym of honor and of-
ficial integrity.

WILLIAM ARTHUR GRIMSHAW.

William Arthur Grimshaw, of Pittsfield. now
numbered among the honored dead of Pike
county, was born June i, 1813, at Navin-on-the-
Boyne, County Meath, Ireland. His father was of
English parentage but was born near Belfast, Ire-
land. He emigrated to the United States in 1815
and landed from a neutral vessel, bringing to the
city of Charleston, South Carolina, the first news
of the treaty of Ghent. Charleston was the birth-
place of Harriet Milligan, who was the mother of
William A. Grimshaw. Her father was Captain
Milligan, a native of Ireland, who was residing
in South Carolina at the beginning of the Amer-
ican Revolution. Espousing the cause of the
colonies, he entered the American army to aid in
the struggle for independence and served in the
Pennsylvania line throughout the war. The
mother of William A. Grimshaw was educated in
the city of Chester, England, and for many years
after her marriage she was the principal of a large
female seminary in the city of Philadelphia. The
father of William A. Grimshaw was a member of

WILLIAM A. GRIMSHAW

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

177

the Philadelphia bar, made his home in that city
and also spent considerable time at Harrisburg.
For thirty years he was recognized as an author
of much celebrity. His histories of the United
States and England and his Etymological Dic-
tionary— a work of much erudition — were in high
repute and proved a gratifying source of remu-
neration to the author. Captain Milligan, the ma-
ternal grandfather of Mr. Grimshaw, was an
original member of the Cincinnati Society, of
which General George Washington was the presi-
dent.

William A. Grimshaw was educated in the. city
of Philadelphia and read law in the office of the
eminent attorney. David Paul Brown. He be-
longed to a family of patriots and educators. His
grandfather was a Revolutionary officer ; his
brother, Dr. James Grimshaw; --was a surgeon in
the Mexican war, being commissioned by' James
K. Polk in 1848, after which he went to Mexico
with General Scott; his brother, Dr. Arthur Grim-
shaw, was a colonel of the Civil war ; and his son,
William A. Grimshaw, Jr., then a lad of eighteen
years, served as a private soldier in the Fifth Illi-
nois Infantry Regiment in the Spanish-American
-war. His father was author of many textbooks
and other literary works and his mother was prin-
cipal of a seminary for young ladies at Philadel-
phia, while his sisters. Charlotte and Isabella, with
their brother, Dr. Arthur Grimshaw as lecturer
and business manager, owned and conducted —
until the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion
— the Hannah Moore Seminary for Young Ladies
at Wilmington, Delaware. Dr. Arthur was county
superintendent of New Castle county, Delaware,
and served on the school board of Wilmington, of
which he also acted as president. He was in-
tensely interested in educational matters and did
everything in his power for advancement along
such lines, although he had a large medical prac-
tice. William A. Grimshaw was an active mem-
ber of the Pittsfield school board and was in of-
fice when the beautiful East school building was
erected in 1864-5. continuing on the school board
for many years. He has a brother, Robert Grim-
shaw, a scientific ingenteur and critique, now and
for a number of years residing in Germany, and
a sister living in Kentucky.

At the early age of nineteen years Mr. Grim-
shaw was admitted to the bar and was licensed as
attorney at law by the district court for the city
and county of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1832.
He then came to Illinois, then the far west, upon
the responsible errand of locating and paying
taxes oh the large body of land owned by his
father, comprising many quarter sections of the
bounty lands in the northern counties of the mili-
tary tract. He lived at Atlas for a time and was
appointed adjutant of the Seventeenth Regiment
of the Illinois Militia under the old military sys-
tem. Colonel Benjamin Barney, commanding.
On the 25th of November, 1833, he was licensed
to practice as an attorney and counselor at law
in all the courts of law and equity in the state of
Illinois by Samuel D. Lockwood and William
Wilson, justices of the supreme court of the
state of Illinois. He was licensed to practice in
the circuit court of the United States for the dis-
trict of Illinois on -the igth day of December,
1839. He removed to Pittsfield, Pike county, in
1833, and here resided until his death. He was
commissioned public administrator of Pike county
by Governor Reynolds and was a member of the
bar of the county for sixty years in active prac-
tice. In a history of Pike county that was pub-
lished in 1880, is the following: "William A.
Grimshaw, the oldest practicing attorney of the
county, ranked as one of the leading lawyers of
the state, was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, at the age of nineteen years. In
1833 he came to this county, since which time he
has been actively identified with every public in-
terest of the county." He was always a willing
and full tax-payer. His property, under one
continuous ownership by taxation and his purse
by donation for over a half century have con-
tributed generously to every improvement that
Pittsfield has ever enjoyed. With characteristic
zeal and energy he at once took an active and sub-
stantial interest in establishing schools, churches
and Sunday schools. He was also instrumental
in stirting a library association and became one of
its stockholders. In 1847 ne was chosen a mem-
ber of the constitutional convention of Illinois and
aided in framing the organic law of the state.
The Daily Illinois State Journal of November 7,

I78

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1883, has the following under the heading, The
Real Old Timers; Survivors of 1847; Proposed
Reunion of the Members of the Constitutional
Convention ; Promise of an Interesting Event. A
praiseworthy movement has been set on foot for
holding a reunion of the surviving members of
the constitutional convention of 1847 of the state
of Illinois. This movement appears to have had
its immediate beginning in the following letter
from two old P,ike county members :

PITTSFIELD, PIKE COUNTY. ILL., Oct. 10,
1883.
To the Hons. Ninian W. Edwards and James H.

Matheny, Springfield, 111.

The undersigned desire to call your attention
to the number of years that have elapsed since
they had the honor and pleasure to meet and
serve with you, as members thereof, in the con-
stitutional convention of 1847. More than thirty-
six years have passed away since the organization,
deliberations and adjournment of that convention
and the first Monday of March next will be the
thirty-fifth anniversary of the adoption of its
work by the people of the state of Illinois. Prob-
ably all the members of the convention who as-
sisted in the framing of the constitution of 1848
survived long enough to be gratified and honored
by its adoption by the people. Some of them
(ourselves among the number) have had the
honor to see it last as the organic law until the
adoption of the present constitution in 1870. But
few of us remain. We can not call to mind more
than twenty-five or thirty who are now living.
We need hardly add that a reunion of the few
survivors could not fail to be a meeting of great
interest and pleasure to each and all of them. In
this view we beg leave to suggest to you a reunion
of the survivors of the convention of 1847 at the
circuit courtroom in Springfield (where the con-
vention was held) on some day, to be suggested
by you, during the ensuing winter. Please let us
hear from you as soon as convenient and give us
some suggestions as to the ways and means of
notifying the survivors and securing their re-
union at the time and place indicated.
Yours truly,
WM. R. ARCHER.
WM. A. GRIMSHAW.

The editor says, "In some respects the conven-
tion here referred to was one of the most impor-
tant bodies ever assembled in the state and its
work practically started the march of steady civil
progress which has resulted in the greatness to-
which the state has attained."

Under the caption of "Pioneers of Progress,"
the Daily Illinois State Register of Springfield,
January 3, 1884, gives a history of the convention
with short historical sketches of the survivors.
It says : "William A. Grimshaw, one of the three
surviving delegates from Pike county, was born
in Ireland in 1813. His father, William Grim-
shaw, was a distinguished historian and his
mother, Harriet Milligan Grimshaw, a daughter
of James Milligan, a captain of the Pennsylvania
line in the Revolutionary war. Mr. Grimshaw
was educated in Philadelphia and admitted to the
bar at the early age of nineteen years. He came
to Illinois in May, 1833, where he has since re-
sided. In 1840 he made an unsuccessful candi-
dacy for the legislature on the whig ticket, but
the vigorous campaign which he made in August
resulted in giving the county to Harrison in No-
vember. When in the convention, although his
party was in the minority, he took a prominent
part in its deliberations and was the author of the
anti-dueling clause incorporated in the constitu-
tion. In 1848 he carried his own county for the
legislature, but the vote of Calhoun county de-
feated him. He was in the Decatur convention in
1860, also in the state convention of 1864 and was
a delegate from the ninth Illinois district to the
Baltimore national convention of 1864, which
nominated Lincoln the second time for president.
He has been in the active practice of his profes-
sion (the law) for over fifty years and enjoys the
confidence and respect of a large and lucrative
clientage. He is at the present time the attorney
for the Wabash Railroad and the Sny levee com-
missioners. He has held numerous trusteeships
in various public institutions. He has been for
several years a member of the state board of char-
ities. In 1880 he was on the Republican electoral
ticket and was the messenger to take the vote ta
Washington.

"In accordance with the recommendation of the
senate and house of representatives of the United

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

179

States of America for the proper observance and
celebration of the first centennial of our national
independence on July 4, 1876, at a public meeting
at the courthouse in Pittsfield the following com-
mittee of arrangements and programme was ap-
pointed by the action of the meeting : C. L. Hig-
bee, chairman ; William A. Grimshaw, James G.
Erwin, William R. Archer, Strother Griggsby, J.
M. Bush, Richard M. Atkinson."

The following paragraph is copied from the
printed "Address of the Centenial Committee of
Invitation" : "In pursuance of the power of the
power of the committee they have chosen as the
historian of the county for the 4th of July, 1876,
the Hon. William A. Grimshaw, himself one of
the earliest settlers in the county and who, by rea-
son thereof, and his eminent ability, is most fully
qualified for the position." Mr. Grimshaw wrote
and delivered as a centenial address at the Fourth
of July celebration of 1876 a brief history of Pike
county. In closing he said, "It is my anticipa-
tion, in the march of events, that the next centen-
nial history of Pike will be offered by a lady."
By his consent extracts from his centennial his-
tory are incorporated in "The History of Pike
County" published in 1880. A copy of his cen-
tennial history is in the library of the Historical
Society of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia.

This is from the pen of Hon. J. M. Bush, the
able editor and proprietor of the Pike County
Democrat and the publisher of Mr. Grimshaw's
centennial history :

"TO THE PUBLIC.

"In presenting the foregoing able and exhaus-
tive centennial address it is due to the author and
ourself to say that circumstances beyond our
control have prevented its publication until the
present time, but as it is a work of that character
which will become the more valuable as time shall
elapse, little harm can arise from the delay. And
in this connection we deem it but just to the dis-
tinguished author to append a notice of one who
has been so prominently identified with the his-
tory of Illinois and especially of Pike county since
its earliest days — the Hon. William A. Grimshaw.
He is a son of William Grimshaw, who was an

early and distinguished historian of the United
States and whose mother was Harriet Milligan
Grimshaw, a native of Charleston, South Caro-
lina, and a daughter of James Milligan, a captain
in the Pennsylvania line in the American Revolu-
tion, and an original member of the Society of
Cincinnati, of which society General George
Washington was the president. The subject of
this sketch was admitted to the bar at nineteen
years of age in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In
May, 1833, he arrived in Pike county, Illinois,
and in November of the same year received a li-
cense from the supreme court of the state to
practice law. In the same year he was appointed
adjutant of the Seventeenth Illinois Militia, then
as other regiments, mustering regularly, and as
adjutant, equipped and uniformed, was ready for
service with his regiment and often held with his
colonel, Benjamin Barney, regimental and bat-
talion trainings in Pike. Governor John Rey-
nolds, unsolicited, commissioned Mr. Grimshaw
as public administrator of Pike county. In 1840
he ran as a whig candidate for the legislature
ahead of his ticket at the August election. The
vigorous campaign that he made secured to Har-
rison for president at the November election a
county majority of one hundred and twelve votes.
At his next candidacy he was elected as a dele-
gate to the constitutional convention of 1847 and
sat in that body, in whose deliberations and ac-
tions he took a prominent part. He was the au-
thor of the anti-dueling clause incorporated into
the constitution then adopted. The next year,
1848, his own county gave him a majority as a
candidate for the legislature, but he was defeated
by the vote of Calhoun county, which then voted
with Pike county. On several subsequent occa-
sions, as a candidate for the senate and constitu-
tional convention, he has run largely ahead of his
ticket, but opposition having substantial majori-
ties, he was defeated. In politics a whig and then
a republican, he has at the solicitation of others
been put forward as a representative of the views
of his party, but has always manifested a personal
independence, rarely, if ever, to be found in the
party politician. As a Union man he was very
pronounced in his views and devoted his time and
energies freely in support of the federal govern-

i8o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ment. In 1860, as a delegate to the Decatur con-
vention, he was for Lincoln for president and in
1864 took part in the Illinois state convention and
was also sent as a delegate of the old ninth con-
gressional district to the Baltimore republican
convention which re-nominated Lincoln. As a
personal friend of Douglas, in war speeches he
lauded him for his bold and emphatic support of
the Union cause. At the bar of Pike and other
counties and also in the supreme court of Illinois
and in the United States court at Springfield and
Chicago he has tried many causes and is yet in
very active practice ; and as attorney for the Sny
levee commissioners has from the first steps as to
legal proceedings in the state courts upheld the
acts of the commissioners, but the supreme court
of Illinois has decided adversely on the constitu-
tionality of the state laws as to levees, etc. He
is attorney for the Toledo, Wabash & Western
and Chicago & Alton Railroad Companies and
Mississippi River Bridge Company at Louisiana,
Missouri. During fourteen years the late Jackson
Grimshaw was in partnership with his brother,
William A., that partnership ceasing in 1857. He
is the owner of fine farms and takes pride in
agriculture and has raised fine horses, cattle and
sheep. He is a life member of the Pike County
Agricultural Society and has several times been
president thereof and has taken many premiums
on fine stock. In the promotion of railroads and
other interests in Pike he has always actively par-
ticipated. As a trustee of the State Institution
for the Blind at Jacksonville he served twelve
years and in the last year of his service the institu-
tion was rebuilt, the first edifice having been de-
stroyed by fire. This service was without emolu-
ment. He takes pride in having served many
years as a trustee of Pittsfield and also as a school
director of Pittsfield when the large and hand-
some East school building was erected in 1863-4,
and for many years thereafter.

"J. M. BUSH, Publisher.
"February 17, 1877."

On Monday at four o'clock in the afternoon
the bar of Pike county assembled to pay tribute
to the memory of the gentleman whose name
heads this article and there was a full attendance.

The chairman of the committee, appointed at a
former meeting to prepare proper resolutions, sub-
mitted the following :

"The committee, to whom at a farmer term of
this court was assigned the duty of preparing and
presenting to it suitable resolutions touching the
death of Hon. William A. Grimshaw, one of the
earliest and most honored members of the Pike
county bar, respectfully report the following pre-
amble and resolutions :

"Whereas, On the morning of January 7, A. D.
1895, Hon. William A. Grimshaw, who became a
member of this bar in 1833 and for more than half
a century was prominent in the practice of his
profession not only at it, but in the courts of what
is known as the military tract as well as in the
supreme court of the state and the federal courts,
passed at a ripe old age and full of honors to that
bourne from whence no traveler returns and is
no longer one of our number, therefore be it

"Resolved, That by his death the Pike county
bar has- lost one who in his mature manhood
through a long and useful life was an ornament to
his profession and in its practice commanded the
esteem and confidence of the entire community,
one who by his energy and zeal in behalf of his
clients, his study honesty, integrity and fidelity
to all trusts assumed by or imposed upon him
added lustre to a profession which from the earli-
est ages has been foremost in the conduct of all
matters tending to the well-being of a common
humanity, one who imbued with a high sense of
honor and regard for the majesty of the law,
waged his legal battles in an open field and so
conducted them as to be a foeman worthy of the
steel of the highest in the profession. In fine, one
the record of whose life as a lawyer stands out
fair and untarnished and presents in him a bright
exemplar for the emulation of the younger mem-
bers of a profession he so well adorned.

"Resolved. That not alone in his chosen walk
of life, the law, was he distinguished and promi-
nent, but in all the relations of life he was ever
foremost in good works. As a member of the
constitutional convention of 1847 he took high
rank among the ablest in that distinguished body
and rendered invaluable service in the framing
of an instrument which in the wisdom of its pro-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

iHi

visions was far ahead of the general spirit of the
age and became a model' for years for many of the
new states admitted into the Union. He was the
author of the anti-dueling provision which met
with much opposition in a day when the code
duello was largely in vogue for the settlement of
personal difficulties and was urgent in the sup-
port of the levy of the two mill tax, by which the
credit of the state was restored and its debt of
some twelve or fourteen million dollars eventu-
ally paid. When the dark and troublous times
that preceded the breaking out of the internecine
strife for the perpetuity of the Union first ap-
peared his patriotic spirit was deeply stirred and
with that zeal and ardor which were among his
marked characteristics he engaged earnestly and
vigorously in the upholding of the flag of his
country and rendered services in private life that
would have won him distinction if performed
upon the tented field, and ever during the pen-
dency of that terrible struggle was the trusted
friend and confidant of the federal authorities.
As a member of the State Board of Charities for
many years his work as such became a labor of
love and he was pre-eminently conspicuous in
making the various charitable institutions of the
state carry out most fully and economically the
noble purposes for which they were established.
Into this work he entered with all his soul and
that energy of purpose so characteristic of him in
all that he undertook and after his retirement as
a member he manifested by word and deed up to
the very last the warmest interest in a matter in
which all the better feelings of his nature had be-
come involved. In local matters he was in full
sympathy with whatever tended to the upbuilding
and prosperity of this county and community, as
is evidenced by his having been one of the incor-
porators of the Louisiana & Pike County Rail-
road, a member of the school board that erected
our costly East school building in 1863-4, presi-
dent and director of the Pike County Agricul-
tural Society, one of the originators of the Old
Settlers' Society and in the promotion of these
and other projects of like character he was ever
active, efficient and zealous. Your committee re-
spectfully ask that this preamble and resolutions
be spread upon the records of this court and a

copy presented to the family of the deceased and
furnished to the county papers for publication.
"J. M. BUSH, Chairman,
"A. C. MATTHEWS,
"J. D. HESS,

"Committee "

Mr. Grimshaw was a member of the Episcopal
church, a sincere, conscientious, consistent and
active Christian. His prayer was always : "Heav-
enly Father give me wisdom and strength faith-
fully to perform my whole duty in every relation
of life." His motto was "Candide et Constanter,"
and he exemplified it in his life. He was very lit-
erary in his tastes, a great reader, took an interest
in a wide range of subjects and was well in-
formed upon them. He collected a large and
valuable library of miscellaneous books and was
very liberal minded and generous, no worthy per-
son or cause ever appealing to him for aid in vain.
Although firm and unyielding where a principle
was involved, giving forth no uncertain sound, in
matters of mere will or pleasure he conceded
much. But it was in his home that his superior
qualities of heart and mind shone brightest. He
was a most affectionate and tender husband and
father and a true friend.

W. R. WILLS.

W. R. Wills, prominently known as a breeder
of pedigreed shorthorn cattle, owning a fine stock
farm four and a half miles west of Pittsfield, on
sections 20 and 21, Pittsfield township, and also
engaged in the real-estate business in the city as
a member of the firm of W. R. Wills & Brother,
is one of Pike county's native sons, his birth hav-
ing occurred at Summer Hill, Pike county, Illi-
nois, October 27, 1844. His parents were Wil-
liam R. and Lucy D. (Scott) Wills. The father,
a native of Herkimer county, New York, came
to Illinois in 1827, while the mother, also a na-
tive of Herkimer county, New York, born in
Litchfield, came west in 1818, landing at East
St. Louis on the 4th of July. Some years after
coming to Illinois the father purchased a farm on
which he spent his remaining days. As the years
passed by he prospered in his undertakings and

1 82

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

accumulated' considerable property, at one time
owning sixteen hundred and forty acres of fine
farm land. He made a specialty of stock-raising
and was extensively engaged in the stock business
for a number of years. In all that he undertook
he prospered, owing to his close application and
unremitting diligence. His political allegiance
was given to the republican party, but he was
without aspiration for office. He held member-
ship with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows
of Pittsfield, and in public affairs manifested a
helpful interest. In the family were eight chil-
dren, of whom three are living : W. R., of this
review ; Lucy, the wife of Jerome Chamberlain,
who resides at Laurel, Mississippi; and A. V.
The father died August 6, 1872, while the mother
survived until October 30, 1890.

W. R. Wills, of this review, after attending
the common schools of Pike county, prepared for
his business career by a course of study in Bry-
ant, Stratton and Carpenter's Commercial Col-
lege at St. Louis, Missouri, from which he was
graduated in 1867. Through the period of his
youth he worked upon his father's farm and con-
tinued as his assistant until the father's death,
since which time he has owned a part of the old
homestead and has always lived there. He is to-
day one of the best known breeders of shorthorn
cattle in this part of the state, having gained a
wide reputation for the high grade and good
points of his stock. He owns four hundred and
eighty acres of excellent farming land on sections
20 and 21, Pittsfield township, and the place is
improved with modern buildings and equipment,
while everything about the farm is kept in first-
class condition. In connection with his brother,
A. V. Wills, he also owns eight hundred and forty
acres of land on the Mississippi river bottoms.
These brothers are engaged in real-estate opera-
tions in Pittsfield under the firm style of W. R.
Wills & Brother. They give special attention
to large tracts of swamp lands, sell lands on com-
mission and have a large clientage in this busi-
ness.

On the 23d of July, 1868, Mr. Wills was united
in marriage to Miss Elizabeth J. Wells, a native
of Pike county, born August 27, 1850, and a
daughter of Robert and Mary (Jester) Wells,

who came to. Pike county at an early day. Her
father owned a small farm here, upon which he
spent his remaining days. Mr. and Mrs. Wills
have become the parents of ten children, of whom
eight are living : Lucy Ellen, who was born De-
cember 14, 1870, was married October 24, 1888,
to James O. Wilsey, a resident of Kahlotus, Wash-
ington, and they have four children : Lela May,
born August n, 1890; Alta P., born May 3, 1892 ;
Ross O., born August 27, 1901, and James O.,
born October 20, 1903. Charles H., born May
9, 1873, was married June 4, 1902, to Anna D.
Dutton, a resident of Pittsfield township. Isadora
I., born September 9, 1877, "was married in May,
1898, to Carson Tippets, a resident of Pittsfield
township, and they have three children, Alva,
Leland and Kieth. Edgar Eugene, born April
9, 1880, now living in Scott county, Illinois, was
married. May 21, 1905, to Grace Fern Frederick.
Clarence David, born August 9, 1882, Armine,
born November 29, 1885, Mabel Ethel, born Au-
gust 13, 1889, and Neva Rose, born July 23, 1892,
are all at home with their parents. They lost
their first born, Ida M., whose birth occurred
December 14, 1869, and who died on the 2d of
August, 1870. Their fourth child, Orion Ross,
born January 30, 1876, was killed by lightning
April 1 8, 1902.

In his political affiliation Mr. Wills is a stal-
wart republican and has served as school trustee
for several years. He has always been interested
in the cause of education, but has never cared
for other office. He belongs to Pittsfield lodge,
No. 95, I. O. O. F., of Pittsfield, and Pittsfield
lodge, No. 790, A. F. & A. M., Union chapter,
No. 10, R. A. M., and Ascalon commandery, No.
49, K. T. Both he and his wife are members of
the Daughters of Rebekah lodge and Mrs. Wills
is an active member of the Christian' church. A
gentleman of broad, general culture, Mr. Wills
has read widely and deeply and is a most inter-
esting conversationalist. He is especially inter-
ested in historical matters and genealogical re-
search. His business career has been character-
ized by steady progress that ultimately reaches
its objective point and in the conduct of his farm,
in the management of his stock breeding and in
the control of his real-estate operations he has

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

183

met with gratifying success, becoming one of the
substantial and representative citizens of Pike
county.

ARDEN NORTHUP.

Arden Northup was born in Griggsville, Ili-
nois, February 20, 1875. His parents were Mr.
and Mrs. Stephen Northup. His life thus far has
always been spent in Griggsville. At the age of
fifteen years he entered the printing office as an'
apprentice and has since followed that profession.
In 1903 he established the Griggsville Herald, a
newspaper which ranks well in the foremost list
of county papers. He is a member of Griggsville
lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A. M. and also of Pike
lodge, No. 73, I. O. O. F.

J. I. DOSS, M. D.

Dr. J. I. Doss, who since 1883 has engaged in
the practice of medicine and surgery in Milton,
where his ability and devotion to his profession
have been recognized in a large and constantly
growing patronage, was born in Waverly, Illi-
nois, August 29, 1858, his parents being Dr. C.
H. and Margaret Doss. Whether inherited ten-
dency or environment or a natural predilection
did most to influence the choice of J. I. Doss to
a profession is not definitely known, but that he
chose a life work for which nature seemed to
have intended him is indicated by the fact of his
success as a practitioner. His literary education
was completed by three years' study in the Chris-
tian University at Canton, Missouri, after which
he read medicine for one year under the direction
of his father. He next attended a term of lec-
tures at the Eclectic Medical Institute in Cincin-
nati. Ohio, and subsequently entered the Bennett
Medical College at Chicago, from which he was
graduated in the class of 1880, having pursued
a thorough course in that institution. He at once
entered upon the practice of his profession in
Pittsfield, where he remained for three years, and
in 1883 he came to Milton, Pike county, where

he has since remained, a liberal patronage being
accorded him in recognition of his thorough un-
derstanding of the principles of medicine and sur-
gery and his correct application of his knowledge
to the needs of suffering humanity. In 1892 he
pursued a post-graduate course in New York
Post-Graduate College and he has continuously
been a student of his profession, keeping in touch
with modern scientific researches through the
reading of medical journals and the books that
have been contributed to medical literature and
are of recognized value to the profession.

Dr. Doss was married September 12, 1883, to
Miss Virginia E. Luthy, a daughter of Samuel
and Mary Luthy, of Pittsfield, Illinois, and they
are highly esteemed in social circles of Milton,
the hospitality of the best homes being cordially
extended to them. Dr. Doss is a member of Mil-
ton lodge, No. 275, A. F. & A. M., and of Robin
Hood lodge, No. 415, K. P., both of Milton. He
is an elder -in the Christian church, of which he
has been a member since 1876. In his profession
he is connected with the Illinois State Eclectic
Association and the National Eclectic Associa-
tion. He is a self-made man in every respect,
and has devoted his life to a profession wherein
advancement depends entirely upon individual ef-
fort and merit, constantly broadening his knowl-
edge by reading and research, which has pro-
moted his efficiency year by year and in the twenty-
two years of his connection with Milton has sus-
tained a high reputation and enjoyed the unquali-
fied confidence and good will of his fellow
citizens.

LOREN L. CUNNINGHAM.

Loren L. Cunningham is one of the public-
spirited men of Hardin township, serving as
assessor at this writing, in 1906, while his activ-
ity and devotion to the general good have made
him a man of worth to the community. He is
also an active and thrifty farmer, operating one
hundred and sixty acres of land. His birth oc-
curred in Hardin township, on the 2d of Feb-
ruary, 1881. His father, John A. Cunningham,

1 84

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was also a native son of Pike county, first open-
ing his eyes to the light of day in Hardin town-
ship, where he was reared to manhood and ac-
quired his education. In 1878 he was married
to Miss Mary E. Mitchell, whose birth occurred
in the same township. Her father, John W.
Mitchell, was a native of Ohio and when a young
man came to Illinois, where he was married to
Miss Nancy E. Sitton, who was born in Missouri
but was reared in Pike county, her people having
located here at an early day in the development
of this part of the state. John A. Cunningham
became a substantial farmer who owned and
operated a tract of land of nearly one hundred
acres. He improved this tract and spent his
last days upon the farm, his death occurring here
in December, 1881. He left a wife and two
children : Lola, the wife of Charles Willard, now
one of the substantial farmers of Hardin town-
ship who is mentioned elsewhere in this volume ;
and Loren L., of this review.

The latter spent his youth in the usual manner
of farm lads, living upon the old homestead and
dividing his attention between the duties of the
schoolroom, the pleasures of the playground and
the work of the fields. Following his father's
death he remained with his mother upon the farm
and later took charge of the property. He was
married in Hardin township, February 22, 1903,
to Miss Clyde A. Cox, a daughter of Robert Cox,
a farmer of Hardin township. Mrs. Cunningham
spent her girlhood days in her parents' home
and is indebted to the public schools for the edu-
cational privileges she enjoyed. By her marriage
she has become the mother of two children,
Thelma L. and Jaunita, the latter now deceased.

Following his marriage Mr. Cunningham lo-
cated upon the old home farm, where he yet
resides, and in connection with the cultivation of
this place he also operates other lands. He is
a good business man and largely devotes his
attention to raising good grades of stock. His
labors are attended with a gratifying measure
of prosperity for he is thoroughly familiar with
the best methods of tilling the soil and preparing
his stock for the market. He has always been an
earnest republican and he was appointed com-
missioner to fill out an unexpired term. He was

elected and is now serving his first term as asses-
sor of Hardin township and the trust reposed in
him is well merited as is indicated by his faithful
performance of the duties that thus devolve upon
him. He is a Master Mason, belonging to the
lodge at Time. One of the young men of the
county, he has already made for himself a credit-
able name and a good position in business
circles.

HON. HARRY HIGBEE.

Hon. Harry Higbee, judge of the eighth judi-
cial district, is a native of Pittsfield, his present
home. He was born December 13, 1854, a son
of Judge and Mrs. Chauncey L. Higbee. His
father was a most eminent and distinguished jur-
ist and a man universally admired and kindly re-
membered. His death occurred in 1884.

Judge Higbee of this review was a student in
the public schools of Pittsfield until 1871, when
he entered Yale College, from which he was grad-
uated in the class of 1875. Following the comple-
tion of his collegiate course he read law for a
year in Pittsfield,. atter which he spent a year
in Columbia Law School in New York city. The
following year was devoted to the further study of
the principles of jurisprudence in the Union Col-
lege of Law in Chicago, from which he was
graduated in the class of 1878. Just prior to
this time he had successfully passed the examina-
tion for admission to the bar of Illinois, and fol-
lowing the completion of his law course he spent
nine months in travel in Europe in company with
the Hon. Scott Wike, thus gaining the knowl-
edge and culture which only travel can bring.

Following his return home Mr. Higbee entered
at once upon the practice of his profession and
was associated with Mr. Wike and Colonel Mat-
thews under the firm style of Matthews, Wike &
Higbee until 1884. Severing his connection with
the firm he then went to Minneapolis, Minnesota,
where he remained nine months, and on his return
to Pittsfield at the end of that time he formed a
partnership with Mr. Wike under the name of
Wike & Higbee. When Mr. Wike was made as-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

187

sistant secretary of the treasury Mr. Higbee be-
came a member of the firm of Matthews, Higbee
& Grigsby, with which he was connected until
his election to the circuit court bench in 1897, to
which office he has been re-elected, so that he is
the present judge of the eighth judicial district.
In 1888 he was elected to the state senate and was
re-elected in 1892. He was appointed a member
of the appellate court of the second district of Illi-
nois in 1898, and was re-appointed in 1900 and in
1903 was appointed in the fourth district. He is
also president of the First National Bank of
Pittsfield, but otherwise has concentrated his ener-
gies upon the legal profession.

On the 1 8th of December, 1879, Judge Hig-
bee was united in marriage with Miss Emma
Hicks, a daughter of Colonel D. D. Hicks, of
Pittsfield. She died July 12, 1881, and their only
son died on the 3d of August of the same year.
Judge Higbee has a wide and favorable acquaint-
ance in the county in which his entire life has been
passed and the circle of his friends is extensive.
He has ever occupied a prominent position in the
foremost rank of the legal practitioners of his dis-
trict. His life has been one of untiring activity
and has been crowned with a high degree of suc-
cess, yet he is not less esteemed as a citizen than
as a lawyer and his kindly impulses and charming
cordiality of manner have rendered him exceed-
ingly popular among all classes.

GEORGE F. BAGBY.

George F. Bagby, deceased, was a prominent
farmer and stock-raiser of Hardin township, who
owned about one thousand acres of land at the
time of his death, which occurred September 5.
1897. His life was one of intense and well
directed activity, crowned by successful accom-
plishment, as was indicated by his extensive land
holdings. He was born upon the old Bagby
homestead farm in this county, May 8, 1851,
and was reared and educated here, attending the
village school of Time. He remained with his
father through the period of his boyhood and
youth and afterward assisted in carrying on the
ii

home farm for his mother until her death, when
he succeeded to the ownership of a part of the
place.

On the 5th of April, 1895, Mr. Bagby was
united in marriage to Mrs. Eva M. Cannon, a
native of this county. Her father, Franklin Ran-
som, was also born in Pike county and his people
removed from Indiana to Illinois, settling among
the early residents of Pike county. The Ransom
family is of English lineage and was founded
in America at a very early day in the colonization
of the new world, the progenitor of the line in
this country having come to the new world on
the MayFfower. ••Franklin Ransom was reared
in this county and'Vas married here to Mrs.
Martha Cooper, a wicfow,4 whose former hus-
band was Robert Cooper. 'She was also born
in this county. Mr. Ransom was a soldier of the
Civil war, valiantly aiding the Union cause, and
later he was a farmer of Hardin township, being
connected for many years with agricultural pur-
suits, but he now resides in the village of Time,
enjoying a well earned rest from business cares.
In his family were four children : Isabelle, now
the wife of T. H. Mills, a resident of Armona,
California; Mrs. Bagby, of this review; Sarah
Lou, the wife of S. C. Brown, of Los Angeles,
California; and Lucy A., a young lady residing
with her sister, Mrs. Bagby.

Following his marriage Mr. Bagby settled upon
the old homestead and remained an active and
prosperous farmer of the county up to the time
of his death, which occurred here September 5,
1897. He was reliable in business, energetic
and ambitious, -and he was carefully conducting
his work along well defined lines of labor, so that
his efforts were being attended with a gratifying
measure of prosperity. Following her husband's
death Mrs. Bagby took charge of the farm and
business, held a public sale and paid off a large
indebtedness. She has proved very successful
in her control of business interests and although
she has sold off some of the land she still retains
four hundred acres and gives her supervision
to its improvement and cultivation. She has built'
a good, neat and substantial residence and has
three tenant houses and three large barns upon
her farm. The place is neat and thrifty in appear-

1 88

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ance, indicating her supervision to be of both a
practical and progressive nature. She employs a
good foreman who attends to the work of the
fields and the care of the stock, of which she
raises considerable, finding this a profitable source
of income.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Bagby was born a son,
George Forrest Bagby, and by her former mar-
riage Mrs. Bagby had a daughter, Lila Cannon.
Mr. Bagby was a strong republican, but never
cared for office, his time and attention being de-
voted to his farm and business. He was reared
in the faith of the Methodist Episcopal church
and although he did not become a member of the
denomination he displayed in his life many ster-
ling traits of character, being a reliable as well
as conscientious business man, thoroughly honest
in all of his dealings. He was also loyal and
progressive in citizenship and in his home
was a devoted husband and father. He belonged
to the Knights of Pythias lodge of Pittsfield and
to the Modern Woodmen camp. Mrs. Bagby
is a member of the Christian church at Time and
has many warm friends in the community where
she lives, the hospitality of her home being
greatly enjoyed by those who know her.

WILLIAM RILEY WILLSEY.

William Riley Willsey is a representative of a
prominent pioneer family and his record has been
cast in harmony with that of others of the name,
who has always been classed with the leading
and worthy citizens of this portion of the state.
He was born July 29, 1853, in Pittsfield, near his
present home and is a son of James Gallett and
Melinda (Rogers) Willsey. The father was born
in Tompkins county, New York, February 28,
1830, and was a son of Barnett and Cornelia
(Kiser) Willsey, both of whom were natives of
the Empire state. In the year 1837 the grand-
parents removed from New York to Ohio and in
1840 came to Illinois, their destination being
Grfggsville township. TJiere (the grandfather
began husking corn receiving every fifth load as
his wage. He was employed upon different

farms and as soon as he had saved a little money
he purchased a cow. Not long afterward he
traded a team for eighty acres of land in Pitts-
field township near where his son James G.
Willsey now resides, but there were no settlers in
the neighborhood at that time. There was some
timber on the land and the uninhabited condition
of the country is indicated by the fact that there
were many deer and wolves in the district. Mr.
Willsey first built a cabin and in a few years
erected a frame house, hauling the lumber on a
cart drawn by oxen. With characteristic energy
he began placing his land under cultivation and
in due course of time well cultivated fields were
returning to Ijim golden harvests. He remained
upon the old homestead up to the time of his
death, which occurred January 31, 1859, and he
was one of the leading and typical pioneer resi-
dents of the community. He owned four hundred
acres of land and was considered one of the sub-
stantial citizens of that day. He was also prom-
inent and influential in public affairs, did much
to mold thought and action in his community
and was called by his fellow townsmen to the
office of county commissioner and school director.
His political support was given to the democratic
party. In his family were ten children, of whom
two sons and two daughters are now living. His
wife died January 10, 1889, when about eighty-
five years of age.

James Gallett Willsey, the only representative
of the family of that generation now in Pike
county, attended the common schools, but his
educational privileges were very limited. He
began earning his own living when only ten
years of age and he has always worked hard. It
was his labor that brought a capital sufficient to
enable him to purchase one hundred and sixty
acres of land where he now lives. He became
owner of this property about 1855 and it has
since remained in his possession. He cleared the
land, placed all of the improvements upon the
farm, now has fine buildings and in fact his
property is one of the desirable farms of this por-
tion of the county. He has two hundred and forty
acres, having added to the original tract, and gives
personal supervision to the work of the farm, the
fields having been brought to a high state of cul-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

189

tivation. He is a member of the Masonic frater-
nity and a Knight Templar.

James G. Willsey was married in 1851 to Miss
Melinda Rogers, a daughter of David and Fannie
(Alcorn) Rogers. Her father 'was a son of Bart-
lett Rogers, a native of North Carolina, who re-
moved from that state to Kentucky and thence
went to Morgan county, Illinois, settling near
Williamsport, which was then a little town on the
Illinois river near Montezuma at Big Sandy
Creek. There he purchased a bond for a deed to
lot number fifteen, the seller being John Radcliff
and the transaction taking place December 29,
1826. John Radcliff had bought the lot of Joseph
Bentley for seventy dollars, but before he paid for
it sold it to Bartlett Rogers and Mr. Willsey of
this review now has the bond and deed in his pos-
session. Bartlett Rogers was born in 1771 and
served in the war of 1812. He died in Williams-
port May 2, 1831, and was buried there. David
Redmon Rogers, the maternal grandfather of Wil-
liam R. Willsey, was born February 18, 1802, and
came to Kentucky from North Carolina when a
young man. While in the former state he married
Miss Fannie Alcorn on the 26th of February,
1824. He and his brother, Robert Rogers, were
married at the same time and together they came
to Illinois. David R. Rogers while living in the
Blue Grass state made his home on the Kentucky
river near the Goose Creek Salt Works in Clay
county and there three children were born unto
him and his wife, Polly Ann, born January 4,
1825; Bartlett, November 3, 1826; and Nancy
Jane on the I5th of February, 1828. Soon after
the birth of this child David R. Rogers started for
Illinois, reaching Williamsport on the Illinois
river and while the family were there living the
mother of our subject was born on the I4th of
August, 1830. Not long afterward Mr. Rogers
removed with his family to Dutch Creek near Big
Spring below Stony Point, which place is now
owned by James Wassell. Later they removed to
the John Hoskins place near where John Hoskins
now resides and Mr. Rogers built a little cabin.
In that home occurred the birth of William
Rogers on the 1st of January, 1833. North
of this cabin in a little valley was a large
swamp that is still to be seen there and Mr;

Rogers would send the children there to keep the
cows out of the swamp. There were many wild
animals in those days, including wolves, bears,
panthers and other animals. In 1834 or 1835 Mr.
Rogers removed to the place which is now owned
by W. D. Shinn and there he spent the remainder
of his days, passing away on the 2ist of March,
1871, while his wife died March 10, 1873. A 'ma-
ternal great-uncle of Mr. Willsey was Benjamin
Alcorn, who built the first warehouse west of
Rockport at Gilgal on the Mississippi river, this
being one of the first in the county.

It will thus be seen that William Riley Will-
sey is a representative of honored and prominent
pioneer families of this section of the state, and
the work of improvement and development which
his parents and grandparents instituted he has
carried still further forward. He was educated
in the common schools of Pike county, and stu-
died for four years under a private teacher, Pro-
fessor J. M. Ruby. He is also educated in in-
strumental music, and he studied farming, en-
gineering and stock breeding in the University
of Illinois, being thus equipped by theoretical as
well as practical training for the business inter-
ests which have claimed his attention in later
years. He remained at home until 1880, when
he was married to Miss Judith A. Brown, a na-
tive of Pike county, born in Newburg township,
on Christmas day of 1854. She was a daughter
of Francis and Mary A. (Thomas) Brown. Her
father was born near Quincy, Massachusetts, on
October 7, 1817, and the mother was born in
Greene county, Illinois, October 5, 1819. She
was a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Thomas,
pioneer settlers of Greene county. Mrs. Brown
was educated in the common schools of Greene
county, near Carrollton. She was married Sep-
tember 29, 1842, to William H. Boling, who
was county clerk at Pittsfield at that time and
they resided in the county seat for two years.
They bought all the chinaware in the Pittsfield
stores but that consisted only of one large platter,
which is still in possession of the family ; and in
Atlas they could buy but only a few tin pie pans.
In the fall of 1843 Mr. Bolting and his wife's
brother, L. H. Thomas, drove from Pittsfield to
their farm to decide upon a site for a horne. In

i go

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the shade trees upon a knoll they erected a two-
room house which is still standing, although a
large brick residence stands in front of it at the
present time. It is located three and a half miles
southeast of Pittsfield in Newburg township.
Near the' center of the farm of one hundred and
sixty acres is a fine spring near where the old log
house stood, and there they resided while the mod-
ern building was being erected. Mr. Boling died
in 1847 and Mrs. Boling afterward went to
Greene county, Illinois, where she lived for three
years. On the 3ist of October, 1850, she became
the wife of Francis Brown, of Quincy, Massa-
chusetts, who had removed to Quincy, Illinois,
where some of his descendants now live. There
were four children born of this marriage : Mrs.
Emma Westlake, who resides on a farm about
two and a half miles east of Pittsfield ; Mrs. Will-
sey ; Laura, who is living in Pittsfield with her
brother, Arthur. The last named married Gallic
Saylor. Mr. Brown died January 10, 1870, and
was survived by his wife until the I3th of March,
1903. They were both laid to rest in the South
cemetery at Pittsfield. Both were devoted mem-
bers of the Congregational church and they en-
joyed the respect and good will of all who knew
them. Mr. Brown was a farmer, devoting his
entire life to agricultural pursuits.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Willsey have been born
four children. Grace Melinda, born June 2, 1881,
is the wife of Clarence Fudge and resides near
her father's farm. They have one child, Nellie
Frances, born April 30, 1904. Laura Edith, born
October 31, 1885, has studied music under pri-
vate teachers and she makes her home with her
parents. Frances Scott, born December 12, 1887,
and James Gallett, born December 31, 1891, are
also at home.

Mr. Willsey owns one hundred and sixty acres
of land and his wife eighty acres in Pittsfield
township. He built one of the finest country resi-
dences in the county in 1880 and now resides in
this attractive home. There are also large and
substantial barns and good improvements upon
the place. He handles a large number of sheep
and is regarded as one of the substantial residents
of the community. He has twenty acres planted
to all kinds of small fruit and is very successful

in the cultivation of his fields and in horticultural
pursuits as well. The farm is equipped with
steam engine, thresher, husker, corn sheller and
grinder, and the machinery is seldom taken off the
farm.

In politics Mr. Willsey is an earnest democrat
and served as school director and trustee for
twenty-seven years, but otherwise has not sought
nor desired public office. In the Masonic frater-
nity he has attained the Knight Templar degree.
His wife is a member of the Congregational
church and his children hold membership in the
Christian Sunday-school. Mr. Willsey is a promi-
nent and worthy representative of an honored
pioneer family and his personal characteristics
entitle him to representation among the leading
citizens of this locality. He has been very suc-
cessful and his prosperity has been achieved
through methods and along lines that neither seek
nor require disguise.

COLONEL A. C. MATTHEWS.

Colonel A. C. Matthews, speaker of the house
of representatives in the thirty-sixth general as-
sembly of Illinois, and a distinguished attorney of
Pittsfield, whose history is closely interwoven with
the records of this city and district, was born and
reared upon his father's farm in Perry township.
Pike county, and as the years have gone by has
become prominent locally and is likewise a well
known figure in the state and nation. His parents
were Captain B. L. and Minerva (Carrington)
Matthews, natives of North Carolina and Ken-
tucky respectively.

When eighteen years of age Colonel Matthews
became a student in McKendree College, at Leba-
non. Illinois, having previously attended the win-
ter sessions of the village school. While pursu-
ing his college course, he boarded in the home of
Dr. Peter Akers. then president of the college but
now deceased. In 1855 he matriculated in the
Illinois College and was graduated in the class of
which Judge Lacey and Rev. Dr. Noyes> formerly
of Evanston, Illinois, and now deceased, were
bers. Not long afterward Colonel Matthews en-

A. C. MATTHEWS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

193

tered upon the study of law and was admitted to
the bar in 1857. He then located for practice in
Pittsfield and was just getting well started in his
profession when the Civil war was inaugurated
and with patriotic ardor he responded to the
country's call, enlisting in the Ninety-ninth Illi-
nois Infantry. He was unanimously elected cap-
tain of his company and went to the front at its
head and was in all of the battles and in the siege
immediately preceding the surrender of Vicks-
burg. He witnessed the fall of the Confederate
stronghold on the 4th of July, 1863, and in the
autumn of the same year participated in the
Tasche campaign. He was also in the campaign
against Mobile and all of the incident battles
which resulted in the capture of that city in the
spring of 1865. From Mobile the Ninety-ninth
Illinois was sent up the Red river to Shreveport,
Louisiana, where the Confederates under com-
mand of General _Kirby Smith surrendered to the
Union forces. From that point Colonel Matthews
with an escort of the Sixth Missouri Cavalry was
sent to the Indian Territory to receive the sur-
render of the Indians under General Stand Watie,
a half-breed. When this was accomplished, in
June, 1865, he held a counsel with the civilized
Indians under the direction of Peter P. Pitchlyn,
chief of the Choctaws and formed a temporary
treaty with them, by which they agreed to lay
down their arms and return to the allegiance of
the Union. In this connection Colonel Matthews
wrote the following letter which was the first an-
nouncement to peace to the civilized Indian tribes
(Rebellion Record. Series I. Volume XLVIII,
Part IT).

"JONES PLANTATION, C. N., June 23, 1865.
"HON. WINCHESTER COLBERT, General and Prin-
cipal Chief, Chickasaw Nation.
"Sir : I have the honor to state to you that the
war between the United States and the Confed-
erate States is at an end ; that the armies of the
Confederacy have all been captured or surren-
dered to the United States authorities, and have
turned over their arms and public property to the
United States Government. It was my intention
to have attended and, if possible, taken a part in
the deliberations of the grand council at Arm-
strong Academv, but the insufficient notice we

had rendered this impossible. If I could have
reached there I do not hesitate to say that I
would have been able to have submitted to that
honorable body propositions looking to a cessa-
tion of hostilities that would have been perfectly
satisfactory to the delegates of all the tribes rep-
resented. When this was found impossible, I
deemed it prudent to hold a conference with
such of the principal chiefs and men as my limited
time and circumstances would allow. I have met
Governor and Principal Chief of the Choctaw
Nation, Colonel Pitchlyn, and Brig. Gen. Stand
Watie, of the Cherokee Nation, and with them
have agreed upon a cessation of hostilities, and
and also for a meeting of the grand council at
Armstrong. Academy on the 1st day of Septem-
ber,-.-1865 'rand further, that they will use their
influence with -the; tribes of the plains to cultivate
friendly feelings wifrr' the Government of the
United States and their people, and that we will
protect the Indians of all the tribes against domes-
tic insurrection and foreign invasion, as stipulated
in former treaties. I have the honor also to state
and respectfully request that you will represent
to your people that the Government of the United
States wish to cultivate friendly relations toward
the Indians of all the tribes, and have no desire
to oppress or humiliate in any way any of their
people, but to make at the earliest possible date an
honorable and lasting treaty of peace with all of
them. We desire to meet all of them at the
grand council on the 1st day of September, where
we can have a full and cordial interchange of
opinion, and when all questions can be fully dis-
cussed and disposed of. In the meantime we want
peace with all its blessings, to be and remain
throughout the length and breadth of your beauti-
ful territory. Through you I wish to convey to
your people the assurance of the high regard en-
tertained by our Government for them and their
prosperity and happiness.

"Hoping that peace may soon be the blessing of
all, and that our .difficulties may soon be ami-
cably settled, I have the honor to be, very respect-
fully, your obedient servant,

"A. C. MATTHEWS,

"Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. Volunteers, Com-
missioner."

194

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

When his work in connection with the arrange-
ments of peace with the Indians was concluded
Colonel Matthews at once rejoined his command
at Shreveport and at once was mustered out of
service, reaching Springfield with his regiment,
where he was paid off on the I7th of August,
1865. He served successively as private, captain,
major and lieutenant colonel and was commis-
sioned colonel, but the regiment had become so
disseminated by the ravages and casualties of war
that he could not be mustered into the United
States service as colonel, as his command num-
bered too few soldiers. He was, however, bre-
vetted for meritorious service during the Vicks-
burg campaign after the close of the war.

Returning to Pittsfield, Colonel Matthews re-
sumed the active practice of law in this city and
has since given the greater part of his attention to
his professional duties although he has frequently
been called to fill positions of public honor and
trust. He was collector of internal revenue for
six years, supervisor of internal revenue for the
states of Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan from
1875 until the office was abolished and has been
three times elected a member of the Illinois legis-
lature and a speaker of the house in the thirty-
sixth general assembly. His record is found upon
the reports of the state legislature and won for
him prominence among the leaders of Illinois. In
politics he manifested a statesman's grasp of af-
fairs and that he ably represented his district is.
indicated by his election for three terms. In 1885
he was appointed circuit judge to fill out the un-
expired term caused by the death of Judge C. L.
Higbee.

He was r\ delegate to the national republican
convention which met in Chicago and nominated
James G. Elaine for the presidency. On the nth
of May, 1889, he received appointment from
President Harrison to the position of first comp-
troller of the United States treasury. In 1904 he
w*is a Roosevelt elector and was chosen chairman
of the college over which he presided at the capitol
in Springfield. In addition to his other public serv-
ices Colonel Matthews is now actingaspresidentof
the Illinois Vicksburg Military Park Commission,
his associates in this work being Francis A. Rid-
dle. Charles R. E. Koch and Floras D. Meacham.

all of Chicago ; Harvey M. Trimble, of Princeton ;
C. H. Noble, of Dixon ; T. B. Orear, of Jack-
sonville ; George S. Durfee, of Decatur ; and
Carroll Moore, of Benton. A newspaper ac-
count of the work of the commission said : "Up
to this time the state of Illinois has made the
largest provision for memorials in the national
military park, which includes over twelve hundred
acres of the scenes of battle and siege around
Vicksburg. The Illinois appropriation to com-
memorate the part taken by its volunteer soldiers
at Vicksburg is two hundred and sixty thousand
dollars, which far exceeds that of any other
state, and the beautiful .temple that has been
erected will be dedicated some time next year.
The Illinois Vicksburg park commission has just
concluded a tour of inspection and is warranted
in congratulating the state on the progress made.
Illinois was represented at Vicksburg by eighty
military organizations, including fifty-five regi-
ments of infantry, ten bodies of cavalry and fif-
teen companies of artillery, a total of eighty, or
double the number of organizations from any
other state, north or south. The Illinois temple of
fame at the Vicksburg park is well advanced and
is admitted to be one of the finest memorials in
the country. It stands on a small knoll beside the
Jackson road, near the famous 'White House' of
the siege, and within sixty rods of the strongest
of the Confederate redans. In the building the
architect has combined features of the Pantheon
and temple of Minerva Medici at Rome. The
main part of the Illinois temple is sixty-two feet
high and fifty-four feet in diameter, surmounted
by a hemispherical dome. A doric portico thirty-
two feet wide, projects fourteen feet on the south
facade, with a pediment on which are sculptures
embk-mizing History enrolling the names of the
Illinois soldiers in the campaign. On the ex-
terior of the temple will be inscribed Lincoln's
'With malice toward none, with charity for all,'
and Grant's 'Let us have peace.' The name of
every Illinois soldier and sailor who served at
Vicksburg will be legibly placed on the bronze
tablets inside, and thus be perpetuated for all time.
Facing the entrance is a large bronze panel on
which Illinois dedicates the temple to the memory
of her soldiers in the Vicksburg struggle between

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

195

March 29 and July 4, 1863. Above the Illinois
panel will be inscribed the name of Abraham
Lincoln, with that of Ulysses S. Grant on the
right, and of John A. Logan on the left. Below
Lincoln's name will be that of Richard Yates, the
war governor. The names of other Illinois offi-
cers of high rank will have a place on the same
panel. On the frieze under the center of the pedi-
ment of the portico will be inscribed in raised let-
ters the word 'Illinois.' A cresting of eagles in-
terwoven with shields adorns the external cornice
of the main structure. Illinois was equal to the
opportunity in providing for its Vicksburg memo-
rial, and its commission has been highly success-
ful in making the most of the large state appro-
priation."

Colonel Matthews has always been faithful to
the trust reposed in him, ably discharging his
duties. He has given careful consideration to his
work and to each question which has come up for
settlement in connection with the various offices
that he has filled and has been guided by an
honorable purpose and loyalty of patriotism such
as distinguished his services as a soldier upon
southern battle-fields. He was author of the first
amendment to the constitution of 1870 known as
the drainage amendment and upon this has been
erected a code of laws whereby hundreds of thou-
sands of acres of Illinois land have been reclaimed
for cultivation. Colonel Matthews has always
taken an active interest in everything tending to
promote the agricultural and stock-raising inter-
ests of his county and has given tangible support
to many local measures which have proven -of
benefit to Pittsfield and this part of the state.

On the 5th of October, 1855. was celebrated
the marriage of Colonel A. C. Matthews and Miss
Anna E. Ross, a daughter of Colonel William
Ross, a pioneer of Pike county. They have three
children: Mrs. Florence Lewis: Ross Matthews,
who is cashier of the Farmers' Bank of Pittsfield :
and Mrs. Helen M. Hull. As a distinguished
member of the bar, as a statesman of prominence,
as a public officer of reliability, Mr. Matthews is
so well known that he needs no special introduc-
tion to the readers of this volume. His career has
conferred honor and dignity upon the profession
and the political and civic organizations with

which he has been associated, and there is in him
a weight of character, a keen sagacity, a far-see-
ing judgment and a fidelity of purpose that com-
mand the respect of all.

GEORGE T. BLACK.

George T. Black, who as one of the early set-
tlers of Pike county, has witnessed the greater
part of its growth and development, is now living
retired in Pearl. He has at different times filled
various local offices and been actively connected
with business interests and in all life's relations
had commanded the respect and esteem of his fel-
lowmen by his faithful public service and his trust-
worthiness in his business dealings.

A native of St. Charles county, Missouri, Mr.
Black is a son of Thomas and Fannie (Price)
Black. His paternal grandfather was a soldier of
the war of 1812, enlisting with the New York
troops and serving until the close of hostilities,
at which time he removed with his family to Ken-
tucky, where he was engaged in farming for a
short time. He then went to St. Charles county,
Missouri, where he carried on general agricultural
pursuits up to the time of his death, which oc-
curred in 1844, his remains being interred in that
county. His wife, who bore the maiden name of
Mary Bigelow, died in St. Charles county in 1826.

The maternal grandparents of George T. Black
were Michael and Mary (Ryebolt) Price, both of
whom were natives of Ohio, whence they removed
to St. Charles county, Missouri, in 1807. There
Michael Price devoted his energies to general
farming and both he and his wife died in that
county. Their sons, George and William Price,
uncles of our subject, were soldiers of the war
of 1812 and afterward in the Indian wars of
1815.

Thomas Black, father of George T. Black, was
born in Penn Yan, New York, January 20, 1800,
and was educated in his native town. When four-
teen years of age he accompanied his parents on
their removal to Kentucky, the family home being
established near Covington, and from there went
to St. Charles county, Missouri, in 1818. He there.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

devoted the remainder of his life to farming and
his death occurred in 1854, when he was fifty-
four years of age. His wife also died in St.
Charles county, passing away at the age of thirty
years, in May, 1838.

George T. Black assisted his father in the op-
eration and improvement of the home farm in
Missouri up to the time of the latter's death, and
in the fall of that year removed to Rockport, Pike
county, where he remained until the spring of
1858, when he returned to St. Charles county,
Missouri, remaining there until 1862, engaged
in different occupations. In that year he went to
Calhoun county, Illinois, and thence came again to
Pike county. At Pittsfield, the Civil war being
then in progress, he enlisted in Company C, Nine-
ty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for three
years, and being transferred to Company E of the
same regiment, served until the close of the war,
being mustered out at Baton Rouge, Louisiana,
and discharged at Springfield, Illinois, July 12,
1865, having done his full duty as a loyal and pa-
triotic soldier.

On the 2gth of October, of the same year, Mr.
Black was united in marriage to Miss Fannie E.
Long, of Pike county, and to them were born
eight children, namely: James W., Clara, Char-
ley T., Hattie, John W., Fannie, Walter M. and
Lee R. Of these only two are now living, James
W., who is living with his father on the farm,
and Lee R., who is conducting a barber shop in
St. Louis, Missouri. Mrs. Black's parents were
natives of Pennsylvania and removed to Pike
county, Illinois, in 1836. Here they died and were
buried in the Hess graveyard near Pearl. Their
son, Jacob Long, was a soldier in the Union
Army, with the Fiftieth Illinois Volunteers, and
was killed at the battle of Shiloh, after which his
remains were brought back to Pike county for
burial, being interred in the Hess graveyard. Of
Mr. Black's children who are dead, all were buried
in the Hess graveyard except Charley T., whose
remains were interred in the Alton cemetery, at
Alton, Illinois.

Throughout the greater part of his residence in
Pike county Mr. Black has followed farming
in Pearl township, but is now living a retired
life. He draws a pension from the government

in recognition of his service in the Civil war, and
his farm brings him in a good income, for the
work of development and cultivation has been car-
ried steadily forward for many years until the
fields are now very fruitful and productive. As
the years have passed Mr. Black has been called
to various offices, acting as justice of the peace
of Pearl township for four years ; as school di-
rector of district No. 25 for five years; and as
township clerk for five years. He has also been
constable ; and in these various positions has dis-
charged his duties with the same promptness and
fidelity which he manifested when he followed
the starry banner of the nation upon the battle-
fields of the south. . He has long been a resident of
the county, witnessing the many changes which
have occurred here as the county has put off the
evidences of frontier life, and taken on those of an
advanced and progressive civilization.

M. D. MASSIE.

M. D. Massie, of New Canton, was born in
Pittsfield, Illinois, January 21, 1838. His father,
John C. Massie, was a Kentuckian, while his
mother, Mary (Shaw) Massie, was a New Yorker.
His paternal grandfather was a soldier in the
Revolutionary war and his father was a soldier
in the war of 1812. A few years of his boyhood
were passed in Louisiana, Missouri, and later
he was a clerk and school teacher, being thus
engaged until after the outbreak of the Civil war,
when, in August, 1862, in company with nearly
one thousand other Pike county "boys" he went
to the front in the Ninety-ninth Illinois Volunteer
I«fantry, well known as the Pike county Regi-
ment. At first he carried a musket and knapsack
but was soon promoted to the rank of first lieu-
tenant and in the siege of Vicksburg was given
a captain's commission. He was on staff duty
with Generals Warren, Slack and Lawler and
after the surrender at Appomattox, General Can-
by ordered him to report to General Fred Steele
at Santiago near the Rio Grande river. This was
the only time in his three years' service that he
was away from his regiment.

M. D. MASSIE

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

After the close of the war Captain Massie
returned to New Canton and engaged in mer-
chandising and the following year, 1866, he was
united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Morey, whose
parents were from New York and Virginia
respectively. Their union was blessed with six
children, Harry A., Blanche, Bertha, Bert S.,
George and Nellie. Bert died in infancy and
Bertha passed away just as she reached her twen-
ty-first year.

Captain Massie has been an extensive traveler,
having visited nearly all of the principal cities
of the United States and Canada. He has been in
all of the states of the Union save seven, has been
in old Mexico, has seen all of the Great Lakes
save one and has been at the source and outlet
of the Ohio, Illinois, Missouri and Mississippi
rivers. He has seen both the Atlantic and Pa-
cific oceans, and has crossed the Gulf of Mexico
five times.

A stalwart republican in his political views
he was a member of the twenty-eighth general
assembly in 1873 and 1874, being the first repub-
lican sent to the legislature from this district
under the new constitution. He was a member of
the board of supervisors for four terms, held
township offices at intervals for several years,
was assistant secretary of the Illinois delegation
at Chicago when General Garfield was nominated
for the presidency and was in Philadelphia when
General Grant was nominated for his second term.
He was also in Chicago when James G. Elaine
was nominated and witnessed the bolt of Curtis
and others that defeated the "Plumed Knight"
at the polls. He was also at the dedication of
Lincoln's monument and at the meeting of the
Army of, the Tennessee in Springfield, when
President Grant, Vice-President Wilson and the
most noted army officers were present and there *
General Custer, later the victim of the great
Indian massacre, by his cool determination pre-
vented a great disaster in the very crowded Chat-
terton Opera House when an alarm of fire was
given.

Captain Massie was also a member and treas-
urer of the defense committee in the great Sny
levee bond suit that was in the courts for nearly
twenty years and was a steadfast friend of the

great levee project that in the end reclaimed
over one hundred thousand acres of valuable lands
and added so much to the sanitary condition of
the district. He was with Messrs. Higbee,
Worthington and Hewes, a member of the com-
mittee to visit Indianapolis to engage ex-President
Harrison to defend the suit in the United States
supreme court. For -fifty years Captain Massie
was engaged in business in New Canton and met
with gratifying success for a long period but
was too generous and confiding and a few years
ago learned the disagreeable lesson that mankind
was not all that surface indications show and
his impression of the old saying "man's inhu-
manity to man. has made millions mourn" was
extensively and- indelibly marked in his particular
case. He has"througji all of his mature years
been a true friend to his'*town, county and state,
and has no resentments or regrets but rejoices
in the growth and beautifying processes that the
old county and state have made. He is a Mason,
a Grand Army comrade and several times has
been president of the Old Settlers' Society and
of the Ninety-ninth Regiment Reunion Society.
His attitude toward mankind in all things seems
to exemplify the following lines:

"Methinks I love all common things —

The common air, the common flower,

The dear, kind common thought that springs

From hearts that have no other dower,

No other wealth, no other power,

Save love ; and will not that repay

For all else Fortune tears awav ?"

S. H. SMART.

S. H. Smart, who is one of the prominent farm-
ers of Detroit township, owning a good property
which is within the corporate limits of the vil-
lage of Detroit, has in the control of his business
affairs shown keen discrimination and also capa-
bility and unfaltering diligence. He has one hun-
dred acres of land and his property is the visible
evidence of well directed energy. He is classed
with the early settlers of the county, dating his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

residence here from 1853. He was born in Fair-
field county, Ohio, October 28, 1837. His fa-
ther, Samuel G. Smart, was born near Hagers-
town, Virginia, in 1805, and was a son of Squire
Smart, a native of Ireland and one of the pioneer
residents of the Old Dominion. Samuel G. Smart
was reared to manhood in the state of his nativity
and in early life learned the blacksmith's trade.
On removing to Ohio when a young man he took
up his abode in Fairfield county, and was there
married to Miss Eliza Rutherford, who was born
in Pennsylvania, but was reared in Ohio. Mr. and
Mrs. Smart became the parents of ten children,
while living in the Keystone state. There he car-
ried on a blacksmith shop and also followed farm-
ing. In 1853 he removed to Illinois, settling in
Pike county and worked at his trade through the
succeeding winter in Pittsfield. He then took up
his abode in Detroit, where he opened a shop, car-
rying on blacksmithing and also purchasing and
operating a farm, where S. H. Smart now resides.
The place had some improvements upon it. The
sons, however, largely carried on the work of the
farm, while the father gave his attention to the
blacksmith's trade. He spent his last years here
and died in 1882. His wife survived him and
was almost ninety years of age at the time of her
demise. They were worthy people, honest and
honorable, and enjoyed the respect of those with
whom they came in contact. In their family
were ten children, five sons and five daughters, of
whom S. H. Smart was the fourth in order of
birth. Four sons and two daughters yet survive,
namely: John Smart, of this county; S. H., of
this review ; T. R., of St. Louis, Missouri ; Daniel,
who is living in Haysville, Kansas ; Mrs. Mattie
Culver, of Independence, Illinois ; and Mrs. Isa-
belle M. Brown, the wife of George Brown, of
Arkansas City, Kansas. One brother, George M.,
died in Missouri in 1904. The three sisters who
have passed away are Mrs. Maggie Wagner, Mrs.
Eliza Johnson and Mrs. Elizabeth Munn.

S. H. Smart spent his boyhood days and youth
upon his father's farm. He was in his sixteenth
year when he came with his parents to Illinois,
and assisted him in clearing the home property
in Pike county. To some extent he attended the
common schools, but he is almost wholly self-

educated and has greatly broadened his knowledge
through reading, experience and observation. In
1861 he went to California, making the over-
land trip with teams, being five or six months
upon the way. He stopped this side of the moun-
tains and went to work at Virginia City as a car-
penter, being employed about a year there. He
then continued his journey to Washington terri-
tory, where he spent a year in the gold mines, after
which he returned to Virginia City and was en-
gaged in mining there. He met with a fair de-
gree of success during the two years spent at that
place, after which he returned to Reese River and
passed the winter at Salt Lake City. In the suc-
ceeding spring he went into the mines in Mon-
tana, where he remained during the summer, after
which he again passed the winter in Salt Lake
City, and then again made his way to the mining
regions. Two years were passed there and dur-
ing the second summer he was engaged in the
butchering business at Deer Lodge. He after-
ward returned to Salt Lake City, sold his horses
and went by stage to the Union Pacific road,
where in November he took a train that carried
him home. Upon returning to Pike county he
purchased the old homestead farm and stock of
his father, and the following year he began farm-
ing on his own account.

On the 7th of June, 1870, Mr. Smart was
united in marriage to Miss Sarah E. Hogsett, a
native of Ohio, who was reared here from early
childhood, having been brought to Pike county
when only two or three years old. Mr. Smart
since built a large and attractive residence and
good barns. He has also fenced and improved his
place, has planted an orchard and has added mod-
ern equipments and accessories that indicate a pro-
gressive and practical spirit. His fields return'
good crops and he is also engaged in raising high
grade Aberdeen Angus cattle. He formerly bred'
and fattened both hogs and cattle and he was also
engaged in buying and shipping stock. In all of
his business affairs he is energetic and far-sighted
and has that force of character and determination
that enable him to carry forward to successful
completion whatever he undertakes.

Mr. and Mrs. Smart are the parents of four
children : Walter J. is one of the well known

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

breeders of pure blooded Aberdeen Angus cattle
in Pike county ; Edith is the wife of David Snee-
den, a farmer and stock feeder of Newburg town-
ship ; Rutherford. B. met his death by accident
while attending the State Normal School at Val-
paraiso, Indiana, when a young man of nineteen
years ; and Georgia died in infancy.

Mr. Smart is recognized as one of the public-
spirited men of Pike county and has assisted in
advancing the interests of the village of Detroit
and the surrounding country as well. Politically
he is a republican where national issues are in-
volved while locally he votes independently. He
has served as justice of the peace and police mag-
istrate, occupying the positions for years, and has
been a delegate to the county conventions and
chairman of the township committee. He and his
wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal
church of Detroit, in which he is serving as stew-
ard and has held other offices. He has helped to
improve and make the county what it is to-day
and in Detroit township is well known for his
practical and active efforts. His business career
will bear closest investigation and scrutiny and he
is to-day numbered with the well known and
prosperous farmers and stock-raiser of Pike
countv.

WILLIAM G. HUBBARD.

William G. Hubbard, now deceased, was for
many years actively engaged in general farming
pursuits but spent his last days in Barry, where he
lived retired. He was born in Troy, Lincoln
county, Missouri, December i, 1829, and was
about seventy-six years of age at the time of his
demise. His parents were Eli and Margaret
(Myers) Hubbard. The father was a farmer by
occupation and was married three times. He was
probably a native of the Carolinas. The pater-
nal grandfather became a pioneer resident of Pike
county, and died upon his farm in Pleasant Hill
township. When a young man Eli Hubbard re-
moved to Missouri, where he met and married
Margaret Myers, who was probably born in Vir-
ginia. He removed from Kentucky to Missouri
at an early day, casting in his lot with the early

residents of Lincoln county, where he worked at
his trade of a millwright, and at the same time
superintended his farming interests. In 1845 "ie
returned to the Blue Grass state, and at a later
date went to Texas, where his last years were
spent.

Eli Hubbard spent his early married life in Mis-
souri, and when Pike county was still a frontier
district he took up his abode in Pleasant Hill
township, becoming one of its first settlers. There
he purchased a tract of wild land, which he con-
verted into a very productive farm, making his
home thereon until his death in 1853. In that year
he crossed the plains with a team to Oregon,
where he again purchased land and again carried
on farming. He afterward became a minister of
the Baptist church and labored earnestly in behalf
of that denomination until his death, which oc-
curred upon the farm near Salem, Oregon.

William G. Hubbard lost his mother in his in-
fancy and was reared by his maternal grandpar-
ents in Lincoln county, Missouri. Shortly after
the death of his mother his father came to Illinois
and served in the Black Hawk war ; and William
Hubbard frequently made visits to this state to see
his father. However, he continued to make his
home with his grandparents in Lincoln county,
Missouri, until 1845, when he once more came to
Pike county, Illinois, and spent the succeeding
eighteen months with his father. He was edu-
cated in the common schools and began earning
his own livelihood when about sixteen years of
age. In his youth he was employed in the woolen
mills at Barry and continued in that position until
after the inauguration of the Civil war.

Putting aside business and personal considera-
tions, Mr. Hubbard espoused the cause of the
Union and enlisted on the 5th of August, 1862,
as a member of Company D, Ninety-ninth Illinois
Infantry, with which he continued until after the
close of hostilities in July, 1865. He participated
in many important engagements, including the
battle of Hartsville, Missouri, the siege and cap-
ture of Vicksburg, and also of Fort Blakely and
Spanish Fort. His services took him into the
states of Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas,
Mississippi, Alabama and Tennessee, and he
marched thousands of miles with his regiment-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

When the war was brought to a successful termi-
nation and victory perched upon the banners of
the north, he was honorably discharged in March,
1865, and returned to his home in Barry. In 1868
he was elected to the office of county sheriff, prov-
ing quite capable and reliable in the discharge of
his duties, so that he retired from the position as
he had entered it — with the confidence and trust
of all concerned.' Following his retirement from
office he purchased an interest in a woolen mill
but this proved unprofitable, and he then turned
his attention to farming. In 1875 he purchased
a fine farm and for a long period was active in its
management, having eighty acres of land, which
he brought under a high state of cultivation, so
that he annually harvested good crops. He also
had a comfortable residence there and other sub-
stantial buildings, and he continued to reside upon
his farm until 1905, when he removed to Barry.
In the meantime he had extended the boundaries
of his property until he owned two hundred and
twenty acres of rich and productive land.

In April, 1867, occurred the marriage of Wil-
liam G. Hubbard and Miss Sarah A. Wike, a
daughter of William and Hannah (Hagy) Wike.
She was born in Pennsylvania, and her parents
were also natives of the Keystone state, whence
they came to Pike county in 1848, locating at the
old Shields mill on Hadley creek. Her father
died in 1850, leaving a wife and four children.
Mrs. Hubbard being at that time nine years of age
and the eldest child. In 1862 her mother married
again, becoming the wife of Jordan Freeman, and
her remaining days were passed in Pike county.
where she died in April, 1881.

Mr. Hubbard was an advocate of the democ-
racy, and was called to several local offices, serv-
ing as magistrate for a number of terms, and also
as supervisor. He was prominent in community
affairs and his opinion carried considerable weight
and influence. He was a man whose friendship
could always be counted upon if it was once
gained. He possessed an even temperament,
kindly disposition and a genial nature, and his
genuine worth was recognized by all with whom
he came in contact. He belonged to Barry lodge,
No. 34. A. F. & A. M., to Barry chapter. No. 88,
~R. A. M. and for twelve consecutive years served

as secretary of the lodge. He passed away on
the 1 7th of December, 1905, at the age of seven-
ty-six years, and the community mourned the loss
of one whom it had come to respect and honor
as a man of sterling worth.

Although his privileges in youth were some-
what limited, and it was necessary for him to pro-
vide for his own support from an early age, he
made the most of his opportunities in life and by
reading and observation became a well informed
man. Moreover his business affairs were so di-
rected that success resulted, and he left his family
in comfortable financial circumstances. In all his
dealings he was honorable and upright, and his
traits of character made him one of nature's no-
blemen. Mrs. Hubbard, still residing in Barry,
is a faithful member of the Baptist church, and
has ever been a great student of the Bible.

A. L. RISER.

A. L. Kiser, who is one of the active and
thrifty farmers of Newburg township, living on
section 23, owns and cultivates three hundred
and twenty acres of land in connection with his
father, and of this two hundred and ninety acres
is situated in the home place, which is a neat and
well improved property. Mr. Kiser was born in
Newburg township, April 8, 1867, and is a rep-
resentative of one of the pioneer families of the
county. His father, David F. Kiser, was born
in Indiana, May 17, 1841, the grandfather, Jacob
L. Kiser, having come from Indiana, his native
state, to Pike county at an early period in the
development of this portion of Illinois. David
F. Kiser was reared and educated in Newburg
township and after reaching adult age was mar-
ried to Miss Janetta Williams, who was born in
Detroit township and is a daughter of Madison
Williams, also one of the pioneer settlers of this
state, having come to Pike county from North
Carolina. Following his marriage Mr. Kiser
settled on a farm in Newburg township, where he-
carried on general agricultural pursuits for a
number of vears and he now resides in Detroit.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

203

Xo event of special importance occurred to
vary the routine of farm life for A. L. Kiser in
his boyhood and youth. He was educated in the
schools of Detroit, worked upon the old home-
stead and remained with his father up to the
time of his marriage, which was celebrated in
Detroit on the 2ist of November, 1888, Miss
Ora Esther Sanderson becoming his wife. She
is the youngest daughter of Reuben Sanderson
and was born, reared and educated in Detroit.
Following their marriage the young couple be-
gan their domestice life in Detroit, where Mr.
Kiser engaged in farming for two years, when
in 1890 he located upon the farm where he now
resides. He has since added to and remodeled
the house and has put up about six hundred rods
of good wire fencing. He has also made other
improvements and has carried forward the work
of cultivation until he has a splendidly developed
property. In connection with the tilling of the
soil he is engaged in feeding and raising hogs
and cattle for the market and formerly also
handled sheep.

Mr. and Mrs. Kiser have become the parents
of four children : Lorena A., Paul Wayne, Mil-
dred Marie and Lucile Bernadine. In his polit-
ical views Mr. Kiser has been a life-long repub-
lican and is now serving as supervisor. He
served on the ferries committee of which he was
chairman and he is also a member of the com-
mittee on salaried offices. He has been a dele-
gate to numerous conventions of his party and
has served as chairman of the township commit-
tees of Detroit and Newburg township. His wife
is a member of the Christian church and Mr.
Kiser belongs to the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows at Detroit, in which he has passed all of
the chairs and is a past grand. He also served
for two terms as district deputy and was a dele-
gate to the grand lodge at one session. He like-
wise has membership relations with the Mutual
Protective League, a fraternal insurance order.
Mr. Kiser is an industrious and prosperous
farmer, a man of good business ability and of
sterling character and worth. He is well known
in Pittsfield and Pike county as one of its pub-
lic-spirited citizens. The work which was insti-
tuted by his grandfather and has been carried

forward by his father both along lines of indi-
vidual business interests and the public welfare
has also been continued by him and his value and
worth as a citizen is widely acknowledged.

ALONZO LEONARD.

To those who are familiar with the history of
Alonzo Leonard it seems trite to say that he is
a self-made man, whose splendid position in
financial circles is attributable entirely to his own
efforts, yet it is but just to say in a history that
will descend to future generations that his busi-
ness career is one that has excited the admiration
and respect of his contemporaries, proving the
power of energy, enterprise and keen discrimi-
nation as forceful factors in business life. A na-
tive of Kentucky he was born in the year 1850,
a son of Samuel Leonard, who in 1852 removed
to Missouri, where his son Alonzo was reared.
He had a charter from this state for building a
levee along the river bank before the war. In
his family were seven children, of whom Alonzo
was the youngest.

Alonzo Leonard was educated in Missouri and
in 1872 came to Pike county, where he has since
resided. He worked by the month in the early
years of his residence here and when he had ac-
quired some capital embarked in business in
Pittsfield. As the years passed by he prospered
and eventually he turned his attention to the
brokerage business which he has since followed.
He is now a well known capitalist of Pike county,
loaning money and conducting a business that
has become of considerable extent and impor-
tance.

On the 2ist of September, 1873, Mr. Leonard
was united in marriage to Miss Caroline I.
Moore, a native of Iowa, and a daughter of
Robert Moore, a carpenter of Pike county, who
is still living here. They have one child, Charles
A., who was born July 4, 1879, and was grad-
uated from Yale University in the class of 1904.
He is now associated with his father. The fam-
ily home is on East Washington street in Pitts-
field, where they have a pleasant residence. Mr.

204

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Leonard is a member of the Christian church
and in his political views is a republican. Start-
ing out in life without financial assistance or in-
fluence of friends to aid him he made steady ad-
vancement on the road to prosperity, passing
many upon the highway of life who started out
more advantageously equipped. His success has
been readily achieved, owing to his strong pur-
pose that has enabled him to overcome difficul-
ties and obstacles, his close application to what-
ever task he has had in hand and his capable
management. He has a wide acquaintance in
Pittsfield and Pike county and is popular with
his fellow townsmen who recognize his genuine
worth, appreciate his kindly spirit and admire
his consideration for others.

MICHAEL G. BAUER.

Michael G. Bauer, who is teacher in charge
of the Pleasant Hill district school of Pike
county, was born February 21, 1865, and is a
son of George M. and Katharine (Reinhardt)
Bauer, early settlers of this county. The father
was engaged in general agricultural pursuits
throughout his entire life, his labors being ended
in death on the i8th of May, 1876, at which
time he was making his home in Hardin town-
ship. His widow still survives and now resides
in Pittsfield.

Michael G. Bauer spent the days of his boy-
hood and youth in the usual manner of farm
lads of the period. During the summer months
he aided in the work of the fields and his prelim-
inary education was acquired in the district
schools near his father's home, but, anxious for
better educational privileges, he afterward at-
tended the Illinois College at Jacksonville for
one year. In 1882 he began teaching, following
that profession for several years, after which he
rested for one year and then pursued his work in
Illinois College. After leaving that institution
he resumed teaching in Pike county and so con-
tinued until 1898. In 1894 he became connected
with his brothers, L. G., J. A. and W. H. Bauer,
in a mercantile enterprise conducted under the

firm style of Bauer Brothers, which relation was
maintained for ten years. During the first four
years of the firm's existence Mr. Bauer continued
to teach school but afterward concentrated his
energies upon the conduct of his commercial af-
fairs. On the dissolution of the firm the mer-
cantile stock was exchanged for a farm in New
Salem township, Pike county, containing about
two hundred acres of good land valued at about
fifty dollars per acre. Mr. Bauer on retiring
from commercial life resumed the work of teach-
ing and is at present in charge of the Pleasant
Hill district school.

In 1898 occurred the marriage of Michael G.
Bauer and Miss Minnie V. Hoover, a daughter
of David J. and Amanda Hoover. He belongs
to Robin Hood lodge, No. 415, K. P., of Milton,
and also the Modern Woodmen camp, No. 922.
He justly deserves all the praise implied in the
term, a self-made man. When the father died he
left an indebtedness of two thousand dollars
which the sons paid off and all that they now
possess has been acquired through their own la-
bors. Mr. Bauer has worked diligently and en-
ergetically and is known as one of the capable
teachers of the county, having done much to raise
the standard of public instruction in the locali-
ties where he has lived.

A. V. WILLS.

A. V. Wills, who is extensively engaged in
farming in Pike county and in connection with
his sons is conducting a large drainage contract-
ing business, utilizing eight dredges in the execu-
tion of contracts which call him into various parts
of the country, is a native son of this county,
born on the I4th of February, 1849, his par-
ents being W. R. and Lucy D. (Scott) Wills.
The father was born in the state of New York
in 1810, and when eight years of age accompan-
ied his parents on their removal to Ohio, where
he lived for eleven years. When a young man
of nineteen in company with his younger brother.
A. V. Wills, he arrived at New Orleans, where
they remained for several months and upon his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

205

return to Ohio W. R. Wills, Sr., settled in Pike
county, Illinois, where he worked as a laborer
for six years. In 1836 he was married to Miss
Sarah M. Cowles, who was born in New Hamp-
shire in 1810. lie then removed to Atlas town-
ship, Pike county, where he began farming but
in July of the same year his wife died. He then
sold his household effects and other possessions
and made a trip to the east but after eight
months returned to Pike county, where he was
engaged in trading in various ways until 1838.
He then married Miss Lucy D. Scott, who was
born in New York in 1812, and was brought to
Illinois in 1818. Following his second marriage
he settled in Florence on the Illinois river, where
he engaged in coopering for two years and then
removed to Rockport, Pike county, where he
acted as general superintendent of coopering,
milling and pork packing enterprizes. For three
years he was thus engaged and then desiring that
his labors might more directly benefit himself he
purchased a farm near Summer Hill, Atlas town-
ship, and there engaged in general agricultural
pursuits and stock-raising. After six years he
sold that property and bought a large and valu-
able tract of land in Pittsfield township on sec-
tions 20 and 21, where he resided for many years,
being extensively and successfully engaged in
farming and stock-raising. Difficulties, ob-
stacles and disadvantages met him on the jour-
ney of life but he overcame these by determined
and honorable effort and eventually became one
of the large landowners of Pike county. He was
a man of strong purpose, unfaltering determina-
tion and unquestioned honor. Throughout his
life he never used intoxicants and always lived so
as to win the respect, confidence and trust of his
fellowmen.

In the common schools A. V. Wills acquired
his education and remained at home 'until the
death of his father in 1872. He afterwards- pur-
chased the home place and has since resided
thereon, owning two hundred and eighty acres in
this tract, while he and his brother, W. R. Wills,
own eight hundred and forty acres on the Mis-
sissippi bottoms and A. V. Wills and his family
own four hundred and eighty acres on the Illi-
nois river bottom and one thousand acres in In-

diana. He has thus become an extensive land-
owner, having made judicious investment in
property. He has always been engaged in the
stock business, handling shorthorn cattle and
blooded hogs and this has also proved to him a
profitable source of income. The firm of A. V.
Wills & Sons has become widely known as drain-
age contractors. For fifteen years Mr. Wills
has been engaged in this business and previously
he served for fifteen years on the board of drain-
age commissioners. The firm are now engaged
in the operation of eight dredges, five in Mis-
souri and three in Illinois and they have taken
large contracts in Ohio, Indiana, Missouri and
in this state, the business amounting to about two
hundred thousand dollars annually. The firm
are experts in their line giving special attention
to the drainage of wet lands and their business
has constantly grown in volume and importance
until it brings annually a splendid remunera-
tion.

Mr. Wills was married in March, 1868, to
Miss Elizabeth Halme, a native of Pike county,
and a daughter of John Halme, a farmer and
carpenter, who came to Illinois from England.
In 1849 ne went to California across the plains
but returned by the isthmus route. He then
gave his attention to farming in Pike county
and was a large stock dealer, buying and ship-
ping cattle on an extensive scale. In fact he was
the largest stock shipper in the county at that
time. Following his return from California he
settled upon a two-hundred-acre farm in Pitts-
field township but eventually sold that property
and bought four hundred acres just south of it.
At one time he made his shipments over the Wa-
bash but they owed him three thousand dollars
rebate which he found difficult to collect. He
then went to the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
Railroad Company and contracted to ship one
hundred cars but his shipments amounted to
nearly two hundred cars. The Wabash Com-
pany afterward gave him the rebate and he fi-
nally shipped over that line again. His ambitions
as a stock dealer, however, almost caused his
financial ruin about 1900. when he was seventy
years of age. Mr. Wills then told him there was
a place at his table whenever he desired to be-

206

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

come a member of his home but he declined to
do this and went instead to Adams county, Wash-
ington, where he entered one hundred and sixty
acres of land and began farming. Again pros-
perity attended him and at the end of three years
he returned to Pike county and paid all his debts.
The increase in his land values and the products
he has raised there have now made him worth
about fifteen or twenty thousand dollars and at
this time he is living retired in California with
one child. When he went to Washington his
sons, James and Elmore, born of his second mar-
riage, and his son, John, a brother of Mrs. Wills,
owned land in Washington but lived in Illinois.
The last named gave his father what he could
raise on his land in that frontier state and one
year he produced forty thousand bushels of
wheat. He is now enjoying a well earned rest
at the advanced age of eighty-three years. By
his first marriage he had four children and by
the second union there were six.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Wills have been born nine
children, who are yet living and they have lost
their eldest, John R., who died in October, 1902.
The others are : William, who is at home and
is associated with his father in business; Emma,
the wife of Charles Dunham, living near Griggs-
ville; Millie F., who is the wife of W. L. Cham-
berlain and resides near Bluffs, Scott county, Illi-
nois ; Malinda, who is the wife of Walter Dilts,
and resides at Maiden, Missouri, where she acts
as bookkeeper for her father, while her husband
is an assistant of Mr. Wills in his business inter-
ests in that state; E. S., who is a member of the
firm of A. V. Wills & Sons, and married Ethel
Ellis, their home being in Maiden, Missouri ;
Lucy, Glenn, Fred and Leslie, all at home.

In politics Mr. Wills is a republican but has
never sought or desired office. In the Masonic
fraternity he has attained the Knight Templar
degree and he also belongs to the Modern Wood-
men camp and the Court of Honor, while in
former years he affiliated with the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pyth-
ias. His wife is a member of the Christian
church. Mr. Wills is a man of fine personal ap-
pearance, splendid business and executive ability,
of keen insight and of unfailing enterprise. He

has never manifested a dilatory nor negligent
spirit in any department of his work but has
brought to his labors great energy and persever-
ance and through capable management has ex-
tended his labors until the breadth of his business
interests prove a splendid foundation for success
and he has become one of the substantial resi-
dents of Pike county.

CAREY A. MANKER.

Carey A. Manker, a banker of Pearl, Illinois,
was born June 9, 1861, in Darlington, Montgom-
ery county, Indiana, and is a son of John J. and
Tamnson (Wright) Manker. His father, J. J.
Manker, was the president of the Bank of Elliott,
now the First National Bank at Elliott, Iowa, es-
tablished in 1884. His birth occurred in Hills-
boro, Ohio, in 1818, and his wife was there born
in 1821. The father died at Red Oak, Iowa.
March 13, 1895, while the mother is still living in
Red Oak at the advanced age of eighty-four years.
In his day John J. Manker was a well known tem-
perance lecturer and was one of those who were
influential in securing the passage of the prohi-
bition law in Iowa.

Carey A. Manker spent the first eleven years of
his life in the state of his nativity and in 1872 ac-
companied his parents on their removal to Fre-
mont county, Iowa, where they remained for five
years, and then went to Red Oak, the county seat
of Montgomery county, where John J. Manker
purchased a flour mill, continuing to operate it
until 1883. when he sold out. It was in the
schools of Red Oak that Carey A. Manker ac-
quired the greater part of his education, being
graduated from the high school there in the class
of 1882. Following his graduation he assisted
his father in the mill as bookkeeper and in con-
nection with other duties until the property was
sold. In 1884 he became associated with his fa-
ther and brother, H. E. Manker, in organizing the
Bank of Elliott at Elliott. Iowa, and also the
Louisville Bank at Louisville, Nebraska. Carey
A. Manker took charge of the latter institution
and' his brother, H. E. Manker, of the bank of

C. A. MANKER

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

209

Elliott. In 1887 Carey A. Manker disposed
of his interests in the Louisville Bank and
in partnership with C. H. Parmele and J.
( ). McCain established the Bank of Com-
merce at Louisville and in 1891 bought the Louis-
ville Bank, which became merged into the Bank
of Commerce. In 1892, however, Mr. Manker
disposed of his interests and until 1895 was en-
gaged in a private loan business. In that year he
went to St. Louis, where he engaged in the mort-
gage, loan and real-estate business until 1898,
when he came to Pearl and on July I4th of the
same year established the Bank of Pearl. He is
now president of the. institution and jointly with
B. Heavner owns the Hillview Bank at Hillview,
Greene county, Illinois. He has erected a nice
bank building in Pearl which was completed in
August, 1905, and he is thoroughly familiar with
the banking business, which he is carefully con-
ducting, winning in the control of his interests a
gratifying measure of success. In addition to the
bank building he also owns considerable other
property in Pearl and he has real-estate interests in
Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, South Dakota and
Virginia.

Mr. Manker was married September 25, 1884,
to Miss Florence Davis, a daughter of Joshua P.
and Cecelia (James) Davis. Unto Mr. and Mrs.
Manker have been born four children, three
daughters and a son. namely: Genevieve M., who
was born March 24, 1886. in Albion. Nebraska;
Arthur A., born in Louisville, Nebraska, October
8, 1887 ; Tamnson Marie, born June 5, 1891 ; and
Florence R.. born in St. Louis, Missouri, May 4,
1898.

Mr. Manker is a valued representative of va-
rious fraternal organizations. He is connected
with the Knights of Pythias, the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows, the Modern Woodmen of
America, the Court of Honor and the Mutual
Protective League. In community affairs he is
deeply and helpfully interested. When he came
to Pearl he found the town in bad shape. Streets,
sidewalks and almost every other public in-
terest was in need of repair and improve-
ment. Mr. Manker enthused others with his
own desire for public advancement and progress
and his fellow townsmen say of him that he has

done more for Pearl than any other man resid-
ing here. He has labored persistently and earn-
estly for the general welfare and his efforts have
been crowned with a gratifying measure of suc-
cess, as is shown in the improved condition of the
streets and in many other departments of town
life. At the same time in the management of
his active business interests Mr. Manker has dis-
played excellent ability, keen discernment and sa-
gacity and has worked his way upward to a
prominent position among the successful men of
this part of the state.

GEORGE D. COOPER.

....George' D'.' Cooper is the owner of a fine farm
in Pike county" and fls also extensively and suc-
cessfully engaged in stock-raising. He is one of
the county's native sons, his birth having occurred
in Martinsburg township on the i6th of June,
1858. His paternal great-grandfather, George W.
Cooper, is believed to have been a native of
Georgia and removed from that state to Tennes-
see. After a time he changed his residence to
Kentucky and finally came to Illinois, settling in
Morgan county, but later removed to southwestern
Missouri and afterward took up his abode in
Macon county, that state, where his remaining
days were passed. He was one of the early resi-
dents of Illinois and in the agricultural develop-
ment of the state took a helpful part. A gentle-
man of deep religious sentiment, he adhered
closely to the teachings of the Bible and in early
life held membership in the Methodist church,
while later he was a firm believer in the doctrines
of the Christian church. His political views were
in accord with the principles of democracy.

Asa D. Cooper, grandfather of George D.
Cooper, was born in Kentucky and was reared in
that state and in Tennessee. He came to Illinois
in the early '305, making his first settlement in
Morgan county, where he remained for several
years. He then removed to Pike county and re-
sided in Pittsfield for a time, after which he pur-
chased eighty acres of land in Martinsburg town-
ship, upon which there were no improvements.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

With characteristic energy, however, he began
the development of a farm and after disposing of
•that property he and his brother became joint pur-
chasers of one hundred and sixty acres of land on
section 14, Martinsburg township, which they
improved together. They were associated in their
farming interests for some time, but eventually
Asa Cooper bought out his brother's interest, con-
tinuing to make the place his home until his life's
labors were ended in death. In the meantime
he had added to his property until he owned two
hundred acres of land, the gi eater part of which
was under a high state of cultivation and yielded
to him excellent crops, so that he was enabled to
add annually to his income. He was a believer in
democratic principles but was without political
aspiration for office. He held membership in the
Christian church, with which he was long and
helpfully identified, taking an active interest in its
work. His death occurred in December, 1858,
when he was forty-nine years of age. His wife
bore the maiden name of Eleanor Goodin and was
born in Saline county, Missouri, in 1818, but her
death occurred in Pike county, Illinois, in 1855.
She was an earnest and faithful member of the
Christian church, living in harmony with her
professions and her life was filled with many
good deeds and gracious acts.

John H. Cooper, son of Asa and Eleanor
(Goodin) Cooper, was born where Pittsfield now
stands on the loth of October 1836, and is one of
the oldest native citizens of Pike county. He was
reared amid the refining influences of a good
Christian home and it was the aim of his parents
to prepare their children to meet the practical and
responsible duties of life and to win respect and
confidence through honesty and well doing. He
attended the pioneer schools which were sup-
ported by subscription and which convened in a
primitive log schoolhouse supplied with open
fire place, while a writing desk was formed by
placing a slab upon pins driven into the wall. The
other furniture was equally primitive and the
methods of instruction were crude as compared to
those of the present day. At that time the teacher
"boarded round" among the scholars and his com-
ing was an event in any family, giving an intel-
lectual tone to the household and at the same time

probably improving the larder, as the mistress of
the home felt that her reputation as a cook and
housewife was at stake. It was under such condi-
tions that John H. Cooper acquired his education.
He can well remember seeing deer and turkeys in
considerable numbers in Pike county during his
boyhood. He spent the winter months as a stu-
dent in the public schools and in the summer sea-
sons worked upon the home farm until eighteen
years of age, when he started out in life on his
own account, being employed first as a farm hand.
When he attained his majority he was married
and located upon a rented farm, thus carrying on
agricultural pursuits for ten years. The capital
which he saved during that period enabled him to
purchase one hundred and eighty acres of land in
Martinsburg township where he now resides, the
so-called "improvements" consisting of a small
house and twenty acres under cultivation. With
characteristic energy he began placing his fields
under cultivation and he erected good buildings
and fences. The splendid appearance of the farm
at the present time is due to the efforts and energy
of John H. Cooper, who has led a busy, useful
and practical life and his years of industry have
been crowned with success. From time to time
as his financial resources permitted he would add
other lands to his holdings until he now owns five
hundred and seventeen acres constituting a very
valuable property. He has carried on farming
operations on an extensive scale and he has han-
dled a large number of cattle and other stock. At
one time he was extensively engaged in feeding
stock and his business interests were carefully
controlled and brought to him a most gratifying
financial return. In 1875 he built upon his farm
a nice residence which he yet occupies.

On the ist of February 1857, John H. Cooper
was united in marriage to Miss Mary Moomaw,
who was born October 29, 1839, in Ohio but was
reared in Pike county, Illinois, her parents having
come to this county in 1843. She was a daughter
of Jacob Moomaw, who was born in Virginia in
17116 and when a young man went to Ohio. There
he resided and in 1821 was married to Miss Eliza-
beth Ohmart, whose birth occurred in Virginia.
December 16, 1798. She lived to the advanced
age of eighty-seven years. Her father was a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

farmer 'and on removing to this state made the
journey by wagon with a four-horse team, being
six weeks upon the road, during which time the
family camped out at nightfall by the roadside,
traveling only during the hours of the day. At
length Mr. Moomaw purchased a farm on section
n, Martinsburg township and finally became an
extensive agriculturist by reason of his capable
management of his business interests during the
early days of pioneer development here. He died
November 16, 1847. H's study of the political
issues and questions of the day led him to give his
support to the democratic party. He was a mem-
ber of the German Baptist church and was elected
to the ministry and labored earnestly in the cause.
The maternal great-grandfather of George D.
Cooper was John Aloomaw, a native of Germany
who was .brought to America by his parents in his
infancy, but his mother died on shipboard during
the passage. Eventually he became a farmer, liv-
ing in Virginia for many years, but his death oc-
curred in Ross county, Ohio, at a ripe old age.
The maternal grandfather of Mrs. John H.
Cooper was Adam Ohmart, who was born in
Maryland and was of German parentage. He also
was a farmer, devoting his life to general agricul-
tural pursuits. In Pennsylvania he was married,
after which he lived for a time in Virginia but
made his final settlement in Logan county, Ohio.
His wife, Ann Weaver, was born in the Keystone
state and was of German lineage, her parents hav-
ing emigrated to this country from the fatherland.
Mr. and Mrs. Ohmart had fifteen children, thir-
teen of whom reached adult age. The mother
lived to an advanced age, dying in the same
country as her husband.

Both Mr. and Mrs. John H. Cooper are mem-
bers of the Christian church, interested in its work
and taking an active' part in its development and
progress. Mr. Cooper is a democrat and was
township collector in 1873. He has also served
as road commissioner and in all matters of citizen-
ship is reliable and trustworthy. His Christian
character, intelligent mind and enterprising habits
have secured for him a high standing as a farmer
and a citizen and won for him the -respect of all
who know him. Since his retirement from the
more active labors of the farm he has spent sev-

eral winters in Texas, California and Colorado.
In the family were four children, all of whom are
yet living, and the parents both survive, their
home being seven miles south of Pittsfield.
George D. Cooper was educated in the common
schools and in Pittsfield high school, being thus
well equipped for life's practical and responsible
duties. He remained at home until twenty-one
years of age and then removed to a farm which
he purchased of his father in Martinsburg town-
ship. He had already become familiar with the
best methods of tilling the soil and caring for the
crops and when he removed to a farm of his own
he brought to his work excellent experience and
sound and discriminating judgment, so that as the
years passed he prospered in his undertakings.
Upon the first farm he remained until 1890, when
he bought the property upon which he now lives
on section 29, Pittsfield township. Here he owns
two hundred and five and a half acres of land
constituting a splendid property, in the midst of
which stands a fine two-story frame residence.
In the rear are many good buildings including a
barn and sheds for the shelter of grain and stock.
His land is under a high state of cultivation and
Mr. Cooper is well known as a stockman and an
extensive shipper. He also owns one hundred
and thirty-seven and a half acres of land adjoining
the home farm which was given him by his
father and from which he derives the income,
but his father still holds the title to the property.
In July, 1879, occurred the marriage of George
D. Cooper and Miss Addie L. Barton, who was
born in Montgomery county, Missouri, in July,
1862, and was a daughter of M. A. and Mary F.
Barton. The parents came to Pike county in 1864,
locating in Martinsburg township, where they
owned five hundred and fifty-eight acres of land.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Cooper have been born five
children. Virgil N., born in 1881, married Grace
R. West, by whom he has one son, Lindle. They
reside upon a farm in Pittsfield township. Elsie
W., born in February, 1883, is living at home.
She was educated in the high school of Pittsfield
and successfully engaged in teaching school for
four year's. Julia M. Cooper, born in January,
1885, was educated in the Pittsfield high school
and is also at home. Emmett J., born March 24,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1887, was a high-school student in Pittsfield. and
is yet with his parents. Elma L., born June 10,
1894, completes the family.

Mr. and Mrs. Cooper hold membership in the
Christian church and he belongs to Summer Hill
camp. No. 1053. M. W. A. He also carries life
insurance in the Northwestern Life Insurance
Company. He votes with the republican party,
but the honors and emoluments of office have had
no attraction for him and he has preferred to con-
centrate his attention and energy upon his busi-
ness interests. He has been very successful and
now has a fine place. Moreover he is popular, be-
ing well liked by all who know him, a fact which
indicates that his life has shown those traits of
character which everywhere command respect,
confidence and good will. He represents one of
the oldest pioneer families of Pike county and the
name of Cooper has ever been a synonym for
business activity and integrity and for good
citizenship.

CHARLES SHADEL.

Charles Shade!, living in Pittsfield, is one of
the active business men of the city where for
thirty-five years he has carried on a meat mar-
ket and a representative of business integrity as
well as commercial enterprise. He dates his res-
idence in the county from 1867 and, as the name
indicates, he is a native of Germany, his birth
having occurred in Wurtemberg, on the gth of
November, 1840. There he was reared to man-
hood, receiving good educational privileges in
his native town but in English he is self-educated.
He learned the butcher's trade in his native land
and for over fifty years has devoted his time and
energies to the business, his success being due in
no small measure to the fact that he has perse-
vered in the line of business activity in which he
embarked as a young tradesman. He emigrated
to the new world in 1867, taking passage at Bre-
men for New York and in the spring he
came to Detroit. Michigan, arriving at his desti-
nation on Easter Sunday He spent six months
in Jackson, Michigan, and at Ann Arbor and la-
ter made his way to Chicago, where he worked

in meat markets. In 1867 he arrived in Pitts-
field and afterward spent one fall and winter in
Milton. On the expiration of that period he re-
moved to St. Joseph, Logan county, where he
established a shop, conducting the business for
about two years, when in 1871 he sold out and
came to Pittsfield. Here he purchased a business
and has since been a representative of the trade
in the county seat. He had soon secured a good
patronage and many of his patrons have given
him their business support for years — a fact
which indicates that his methods have ever been
honorable and his dealings straightforward and
reliable.

In 1872 Mr. Shadel was united in marriage to
Miss Louisa Yaeger, a daughter of Andrew Yae-
ger and a sister of John Yaeger who is men-
tioned elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs.
Shadel have nine children who are living :
Laura, at home ; Anna, the wife of Joseph Sav-
ior, of St. Louis, Missouri, who is with the Sim-
mons Hardware Company ; William, at home ;
Ida, a stenographer in Dallas City, Illinois ; Ro-
sella, Albert, Helen, Flora and Frank, who- are
also under the parental roof. They also lost a
daughter, Clara, who died at the age of six
months.

Politically Mr. Shadel is a stanch democrat but
has never had aspiration for office, giving his
time and attention in undivided manner to his
business interests in which he has met with grati-
fying success. • He has erected his business
house, which is a good brick block, and has also
built an attractive residence in the town and in
addition owns three other buildings here. He
also owns two farms adjoining the corporate
limits of the city, comprising one hundred and
sixty acres in one and eighty acres in another.
He commenced life empty-handed but has stead-
ily progressed and his valuable property holdings
are the visible evidence of his life of well directed
and earnest effort crowned with successful ac-
complishment. He belongs to the Masonic fra-
ternity in which he has taken the degrees of the
lodge, chapter and commandery and for a num-
ber of years has served as treasurer of both the
lodge and chapter. He likewise belongs to Pitts-
field lodge, I. O. O. F., and he and his wife are

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

213

members of the Lutheran church, having been
reared in that faith. They are highly esteemed
and worthy residents of the community and Mr.
Shadel stands as a splendid type of the German-
American citizen who has brought to America
the strong and commendable characteristics of
his race, and through the improvement of oppor-
tunity in the new world has steadily advanced,
winning a competence and an honorable name.

JAMES L. TERRY.

James L. Terry, whose life of activity has been
crowned with success so that he is now living a
retired life in Barry, is a native of Richmond.
Virginia, his birth having occurred on the I7th
of January, 1828. During his infancy his par-
ents, Archibald and Nancy (Tombs) Terry, re-
moved from the Old Dominion to Kentucky.
They were also natives of Virginia, both born
in 1799 and the father died in 1851, at the age
of fifty-two years, while his wife passed away in
1846. They had been married in the state of
their nativity and they reared a family of ten
children, of whom James L. Terry is the only
one now living. The father was a farmer by oc-
cupation and following his removal to Kentucky
in 1829 he there engaged in the tilling of the soil
and raising of tobacco on an extensive scale. He
was also active and influential in community af-
fairs and served as constable for some time. He
held membership in the Methodist church and
his life was upright and honorable, being in
strict conformity with his professions.

James L. Terry was practically reared in Ken-
tucky, where he remained until 1848. when, at
the age of twenty years, he came to Pike county,
Illinois. Here he worked in a woolen mill for a
year and he learned the carpenter's trade under
the direction of his wife's father. Throughout
the remainder of his business career he was
identified with building operations and assisted
in the construction of thirteen mills. lie was also
connected with the building of residences in his
part of the county and on many sides are seen
evidences of his handiwork and skill. To his

energy and capability in this direction is attribu-
table the acquirement of a competence that now
enables him to live retired.

On the 6th of November, 1851, Mr. Terry
was united in marriage to Miss Alzina Liggett,
who was born in Griggsville, August 9, 1835,
and was a daughter of Alexander Blair and Mar-
garet (Phillips) Liggett, the former a native of
Dayton, Ohio, and the latter of Lexington, Ken-
tucky. They were married in Griggsville and
unto this union were born thirteen children, four
of whom are now living, namely : Mrs. Alzina
Terry ; George W. Liggett, who resides in Barry ;
Mrs. Chloe Coleman, the wife of James Cole-
man ; and Mrs. Clara Tower, the wife of Joseph
Tower. The father was a contractor and builder
and at an early day engaged in building steam-
boats as well as house building. In later years he
engaged in the drug business in Kinderhook and
throughout his life was an energetic, enterpris-
ing citizen, whose activity contributed to the in-
dustrial and commercial progress of the commu-
nity in which he made his home. He belonged
to Barry lodge, No. 34. A. F. & A. M., Barry
chapter, No. 88, R. A. M., and also to the council.
His early religious faith was that of the Metho-
dist church but in later years he joined the Bap-
tist church. Politically he was a democrat. He
died very suddenly at Kinderhook in 1871, at the
age of sixty-two years, while his wife passed
away at the age 'of sixty years.

Mr. and Mrs. Terry have become the parents
of ten children, eight of whom are now living:
Helena, the wife of Dr. Watson, of Griggsville:
Lucile, who is living in St. Louis, Missouri ; Mrs.
Margaret Yokem. who resides at Atlas, Illinois ;
Eugene, living in Oklahoma: Mrs. Anna Meyer,
of St. Louis ; George, of Barry : Alice, the wife
of James B. Allen, of Denver, Colorado, and a
member of the Eastern Star : and Frank, who is
living in St. Louis.

James L. Terry votes with the democracy and
held the office of assessor for seven consecutive
years, while for two terms he was collector of
Barry township. His fellow townsmen, recogniz-
ing his worth and ability, called him to office and
he proved most faithful to the trust reposed in
him by reason of his prompt and capable dis-

214

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

charge of duty. He, too, is a worthy and exem-
plary Mason, belonging to Barry lodge, No. 34,
A. F. •& A. M., which he joined in 1849. He is
now the oldest Mason in Barry, the lodge here
having been organized in October, 1845. ^n
1850 he became a charter Mason of Barry chap-
ter, No. 88, R. A. M. and for nineteen years he
has been tyler of the lodge. He also held the
same office in Eastern Star lodge. He is thor-
oughly informed concerning the teachings of
Masonry and in his life has displayed the spirit
of brotherly kindness and mutual helpfulness
which constitutes the basic elements in this or-
organization. He has long since passed the
Psalmist's span of three score years and ten, hav-
ing in fact reached the seventy-eighth milestone
on life's journey. In a review of his career we
find many commendable qualities and personal
traits which have made his life an upright one.
He has displayed conscientious zeal and activity
in citizenship and fidelity in friendship and now
in the evening of life he receives the veneration
and respect which should ever be accorded one
who has advanced thus far upon life's journey.

GEORGE E. PRATT.

George E. Pratt, who is now living retired,
after close connection with industrial interests
in which his indefatigable industry brought him
a gratifying measure of success, makes his home
in Griggsville in the enjoyment of a rest which
he has truly earned and richly deserves. His
birth occurred March 19, 1839, in the city which
is still his home, his parents being George and
Elizabeth (Wilson) Pratt, both of whom were
natives of Massachusetts. The father was born
in Cohasset. Massachusetts. August 5, 1812, and
was descended from New England ancestors who
settled in this country at an early period in its
colonization, the first of the name in America be-
ing Phineas Pratt, who crossed the Atlantic on
the third ship which came to the new world after
the Mayflower made the famous voyage in 1620.
He had been armor bearer to the king. His son,

who also bore the name of Phineas Pratt, was a
surveyor of the early government and a noted
lawyer of his day. Zadoc Pratt was a descendant
in direct line of 'Phineas Pratt, and his son was
the distinguished Judge Pratt, of New York city.

Thomas Pratt, the great-grandfather of our
subject, was a farmer in the old town of Co-
hasset, Massachusetts, and in early manhood
wedded Miss Betsy Neil. They reared a family
of twelve children, including Jobe Pratt, who
became a farmer and lived and died on a tract of
land given to him by his father at Cohasset. His
wife bore the maiden name of Lucretia Oaks,
and was a daughter of Haugh and Susan (Lath-
rop) Oaks, the former a major in the Revolu-
tionary war and afterward was commissioned in
the navy. He became captain of a vessel and on
one occasion captured a supply ship of the
enemy, his portion of the salvage amounting to
two thousand dollars. With this money he pur-
chased a homestead. His wife was a daughter
of Colonel Lathrop, also a Revolutionary officer.
Mr. and Mrs. Lathrop, the maternal great-
grandparents of Mr. Pratt, reared five daughters,
three of whom married and settled in Vermont.

Jobe and Lucretia (Oaks) Pratt became the
parents of five children, of whom George Pratt,
father of our subject, was the third in order of
birth. Of the others, James became a seaman
and was promoted until he was an officer of a
vessel when but twenty-one years of age and was
master of a ship before he was thirty. He died
at sea.. Sarah Pratt is the deceased wife of
Thomas - Brown, of Cohasset. Massachusetts.
Jobe was a mechanic in the service of the gov-
ernment and made his home in Cambridge, Mas-
sachusetts, up to the time of his death. Thomas
Pratt is now living in Alabama. He was a gov-
ernment official during the Civil war, was cap-
tured by the rebels and being offered the posi-
tion of nurse of the rebel prisoners on a parole
he took care of a young man who proved to be
the son of a rich planter and thus won the good
graces of the family. They succeeded in obtain-
ing the money which had been taken from him
at the time of his capture and also hospitably
entertained them in their home. He was a pris-
oner of war for a long time but finally was ex-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

changed and came north, returning to the south
some years later to engage in business.

After losing his first wife Jobe Pratt was
married to Patience Cole, and they had one son,
Harvey, who responded to the president's call
for troops soon after the outbreak of the Civil
war, serving in a Massachusetts regiment
throughout the period of hostilities, taking part
in many of the most sanguinary engagements.
He was at one time wounded. He entered the
service as a private but after being paroled be-
came" a non-commissioned officer. Prior to the
war he engaged in farming and after his mili-
tary experience turned his attention to speculat-
ing and other business ventures.

George Pratt, father of George E. Pratt, ac-
quired his education in the public schools of his
native state and aided in the farm work until six-
teen years of age, when he went to sea, spending,
the succeeding six years on shipboard. He then
located in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts, but in
the spring of 1837 started for Alton, Illinois.
He made the journey by stage to Albany, New
York, by canal to Buffalo and thence by way of
the Great Lakes to Chicago and by stage to his
destination. It was his intention to engage in
the pork and beef packing business in Alton but
not being pleased with the city and its outlook
he , came to Griggsville, Pike county, where1 he
established a meat packing business, also doing
his own cooperage. He here felled trees to majce
his barrels and formed and cut the hooppoles and
he not only manufactured barrels for his own use
but also sold to other packers. In 1845 ne joined
J. D. P>attles in a mercantile enterprise and as
he found opportunity made investment in real
estate and before long became extensively en-
gaged in buying and selling property, in making
loans and buying bonds and other securities. He
thus continued until about 1880, after which he
retired from active life, enjoying a well earned
rest throughout his remaining days.

In public affairs Mr. Pratt was quite promi-
nent, acting as supervisor for many years and do-
ing effective service for the county as a member
of the board. He was also county commissioner
and acted on the school board for several years,
discharging all his official duties with credit to

himself and satisfaction to his constituents. An
active and earnest member of the Congregational
church he served as deacon in Griggsville for
many years, joining the church here on its or-
ganization. He contributed most generously to
its support and in fact was liberal in his dona-
tions to all church and benevolent work. His
political allegiance was given to the democracy
Until Abraham Lincoln became the candidate of
the republican party, after which he espoused
the principles of the latter organization. He died
•May 25» J893> m m°s eighty-first year, and thus
passed away one of the honored pioneer resi-
dents of the county whose labors contributed to
public progress and improvement as well as to
individual success. On the I2th of June, 1838,
George Pratt had been united in marriage to
Miss Elizabeth B. Wilson, the wedding taking
place in Griggsville. Mrs. Pratt was a native
of Boston, and died in March, 1849, leaving a
son and daughter : George E., who is living re-
tired in Griggsville; and Elizabeth, the wife of
E. W. Plummer, of Scio, Rollins county, Kan-
sas. After losing his first wife he was again
married, Emeline J. Battles, a native of Boston,
becoming his wife. She was a daughter of Dr.
J. D. and Catherine (Johnson) Battles. Her
death occurred June 28, 1868, and she is sur-
vived by two sons: Albert J., now of Jackson-
ville; and Franklin Pierce, of Griggsville. On
the i8th of November,, 1869, Mr. Pratt married
Miss Anna M. Tyler, a daughter of Aaron Ty-
ler, who was born in Bath. Maine, and passed
away in July, 1887.

In the public schools of Griggsville George E.
Pratt acquired his education and in his youth he
learned the cooper's trade, thus working with his
father until eighteen years of age. when he be-
gan clerking in a store for seven dollars per
month. He was advanced in recognition of his
capability and faithful service until he was paid
one hundred dollars per month. He continued
in this business until 1880. when he went into
business for himself, erecting one of the best
store buildings in the town. This he still owns
and he conducted his store until 1893. His part-
ner. E. W. Baxter, died in 1892 and the •follow-
in"; year Mr. Pratt retired from business and has

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

since enjoyed a' well earned ease. He is the vice
president of the Griggsville National Bank, presi-
dent of the Opera House Company, one of the
directors of the Illinois Valley Fair Association,
and a trustee of the Griggsville cemetery but is
not active in the management of any of these
enterprises.

On the 23d of July, 1864, Mr. Pratt was united
in marriage to Miss Mary L. Bennett, who was
born July 12, 1844, in New York, a daughter
of Emanuel and Martha (Burdick) Bennett, the
former a native of Maine and the latter of New
York. Both are now deceased. The father
came to Illinois at an early date, casting in his
lot with the pioneer settlers of Griggsville town-
ship in the '405. He purchased a farm of one
hundred and sixty acres and was one of the in-
dustrious agriculturists and stock-raisers of the
community, carefully managing his farming in-
terests until within twenty years of his death,
when he lived retired in Griggsville. He was a
member of the Methodist Episcopal church and
in politics was a democrat. His son, Dr. Mor-
gan Bennett, now deceased, was a Methodist
Episcopal minister. In his family were three
sons and four daughters, of whom four are now
living: Mrs. Pratt; Joseph, who married Ann
Patton and resides in Griggsville ; Lucy, who is
the widow of Richard Wade and is living in
Griggsville ; and Minnie, the wife of William
Russell, a resident of Denver. Colorado.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Pratt have been born six
children but only two are now living: Minnie
A., born January 26, 1865. is the wife of M. M.
Lasbury, of Griggsville. Fay M., born March
8. 1883, is the wife of Don C. Sanders, living in
Fort Worth, Texas.

Mr. Pratt has served as alderman of Griggs-
ville for twenty years, a record equalled by no
other citizen, and it is safe to say that no one
has rendered more effective and valuable service
in behalf of community interests. He was also
school director for twenty rears. He holds
membership in Griggsville lodge. No. 45, A. F.
& A. M., and was made a Mason in 1863. For
a long period he was treasurer of the lodge and
has ever been most faithful to its teachings. In
politics he has always been a democrat. A life

of activity has been crowned with a gratifying
measure of success. He is wholly worthy, the
respect which is freely tendered him and his
name is synonymous with honorable dealing and
with all that is beneficial to the city and county.

WILLIAM B. GRIMES.

Among the residents of Pittsfield who are thor-
oughly acquainted with the development of Pike
county and have been prominently associated with
its progress and improvement for many years is
William B. Grimes, at one time county judge for
four years, having been elected in 1894. He has
filled other public offices with credit to himself
and satisfaction to his constituents and is one of
the most prominent Masons of this part of the
state. He .took up his abode in Pike county when
only eight years of age.

His father, James Grimes, who was born in
County Down, Ireland, on the 8th of January.
1779, came to the United States with his parents
when a youth of five years. The grandfather set-

.tled 'first in South Carolina but afterward re-
moved to Kentucky. In the latter state James
Grimes attained adult age and was there mar-
ried to Miss Nancy Davis, who was born in Bar-
ton county, Kentucky, in February, 1797. In
1822 he removed with his family to White county,
Illinois, where he resided on a farm about twelve
years and then took up his abode in Greene
county, this state. In February, 1836, he came to
Pike county, settling in the midst of the forest,
five miles south of the village of Milton. There
he began the development and improvement of a

• farm but after some years took up his abode in
the village where he spent his remaining days,
passing away September 9, 1873, when he had
reached the advanced age of eighty-five years. He
held a lieutenant's commission during the Black
Hawk war and served as justice of the peace for
twenty years. In his family were nine children :
T. Martin, John D.. Milton. Lucinda. Marv J.,
Elizabeth H., Louisa, Francis M., and William
B. All are now deceased with exception of Mil-
ton and William B.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

219

William B. Grimes was born near Carmi.
White county, Illinois, November 25, 1828, and
was but eight years of age when brought by his
parents to Pike county. He mastered the branches
of learning taught in the early schools of that day.
The schoolhouses were built of logs, were fur-
nished in a crude manner and the methods of in-
struction were equally primitive. In the summer
months Mr. Grimes worked at farm labor and he
remained at home until he had attained his major-
ity, when he crossed the plains to California in
1850, spending the succeeding two years in min-
ing. He met with a fair measure of success while
there and then returned to Pike county, settling
at Milton, where he built the first sawmill at that
place. He was associated in this enterprise with
James L. Grimes, the partnership continuing for
about two years, when they abandoned the mill,
deciding that the venture had proved an unwise
investment. Not long after this Mr. Grimes be-
came a hardware merchant in Milton, carrying
both shelf and heavy hardware and tinware. In
this business he was more successful and con-
ducted the store until 1869, when he was called
to public office by the vote of his fellow citizens.
Having been elected county clerk he removed to
Pittsfield and entered upon the duties of the office
in December, 1869. He faithfully served in that
capacity for four years and upon his retirement
from office re-entered commercial circles, this time
as proprietor of a lumberyard in Pittsfield. In
1877 he was appointed county clerk and after-
ward filled the office of deputy county treasurer
for four years, while in 1886 he resumed his posi-
tion in the county clerk's office under V. A.
Grimes. For two years he was a member of the
board of supervisors and was also chairman of the
body. He likewise held the office of township
treasurer of Montezuma for a number of years
and the various duties that devolved upon him
have been performed so capably and promptly that
he has won high encomiums from people of both
parties. In politics he is an earnest democrat,
unfaltering in his allegiance to the party princi-
ples. He is a gentleman of courteous bearing, of
kindly spirit and of strong intellectuality, and has
stored his mind with useful knowledge. He also
possesses superior musical talent and has devoted

considerable attention to teaching vocal music,
many residents of the county having been his
pupils.

Mr. Grimes has also attained prominence in
connection with his work in behalf of the Ma-
sonic fraternity. He joined Pittsfield lodge, No.
56, A. F. & A. M'., in 1852, later was worshipful
master and afterward became a charter member
and worshipful master of Milton lodge, No. 275,
while subsequently he became a charter member of
Pittsfield lodge, No. 790, A. F. & A. M. During
his long connection with the fraternity he has con-
ferred degrees upon a large number of Masons
and has taken great pleasure in this work. In
1875 he was appointed deputy grand lecturer of
the state and in 1879 was made a member of the
board of examiners and was elected president of
that board in 1892. In 1858 he received the Mark
Master degree in Union chapter. No. 10, and in
1859 was exalted to the degree of Royal Arch
Mason. In 1868 he became one of the organizers
of the chapter at Milton, where he was elected
king and later high priest. After coming to Pitts-
field he was an active member of Union chapter.
Xo. TO, serving for a long time as principal so-
journer and for several terms as high priest. In
1870 he received the council degrees in Barry
council. No. 23, R. & S. M., and in 1872 he as-
sisted in organizing M. J. Noyes council. No. 59,
R. & S. M., and was its first thrice illustrious
master. In 1889 he was elected master of the
first veil of the grand chapter, since which time
he has held the office of king. In 1898 he was
elected grand high priest of the state and served
for one year, while for twenty.-one years he was
grand examiner and is still grand lecturer. He
is now one of the grand stewards, having been
appointed in 1892 with three other venerable men,
their ages being seventy-four, seventy-six and
eighty-five years while Mr. Grimes is seventy-
seven years of age.

Mr. Grimes has been married twice. In 1853
he wedded Miss Alice A. Shock, at that time a
resident of Milton. She was born in Ohio and
was a daughter of Andrew and Margaret (Rep-
sher) Shock, natives of Pennsylvania. They had
three children: Mrs. Delia Hanes; Ira A.: and
H. W.. who died when five months old. The

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

wife and mother departed this life in May, 1861,
and in October, 1862, Mr. Grimes was again
married, his second union being with Nancy J.
Greathouse, who was born in April, 1841, a
daughter of Bonaparte Greathouse, one of the
first settlers of the county, who died in 1850. By
the second marriage there were three children :
Ida, the wife of William H. Allen ; Alice, who
married Benton Colvin but both have passed
away, leaving one son, Raymond, who resides in
East St. Louis, Illinois ; and Laura, the wife of
A. C. Bentley, editor of the Times of Pittsfielcl.

Mr. Grimes is now living retired in Pittsfielcl,
where he is most highly esteemed by reason of his
honorable business record, his devotion to the
general welfare while in office and his fidelity to
his professions as a member of the Masonic fra-
ternity. He is a man of pleasing address, of un-
flinching principle and unquestioned integrity, and
yet withal possesses that practical common sense
which never runs to extremes and it is no won-
der that wherever he goes he has won friends.
His life has been well spent and his honorable and
useful career is worthv of emulation.

J. D. HESS.

J. D. Hess, a prominent attorney of Pike county
residing in Pittsfield, was born near Milton in this
county in 1856, a son of William and Catherine
(Wagner) Hess. The paternal grandfather,
David Hess, came to Illinois from Brown county,
Ohio, in 1828, and settled in Greene county, this
state. He was a fermer by occupation, and was
very successful in the management and control
of his business affairs. In 1836 he came to Pike
county, Illinois, locating in Pearl township. He
owned and operated five hundred acres of land
in this county, and was one of the leading and
prosperous agriculturists here. His death oc-
curred about 1881, when he had reached the age
of seventy-two years.

His son, William Hess, father of our subject,
accompanied his parents on their removal from
Greene county to Pike county and was here reared
to manhood, pursuing his education in the com-

mon schools. He has followed farming through-
out his entire life and is still actively engaged in
agricultural pursuits. He owns about one thou-
sand acres of land in Pike county, and also some
outside the county, a fact which indicates his ex-
cellent business ability, judicious investment and
careful control of his property. In 1849 he drove
an ox team across the plains to California, re-
maining for three years on the Pacific coast, after
which he made his way homeward by the isthmus
route, bringing with him forty-five hundred dol-
lars in gold, which he had saved as the result of
his labors in the mines. When he was a young
man he taught school, but the greater part of his
life has been devoted to agricultural pursuits, and
he is to-day one of the most prosperous farmers
of this part of .the state. He is also prominent in
public affairs, and has exerted considerable influ-
ence in political circles. He has been prominent
and influential in community affairs, having
served for several terms as supervisor of his town-
ship, and he has also been the candidate for county
treasurer on the populist ticket. He was one of
the building committee at the time of the erection
of the county courthouse. Fraternally he is con-
nected with Masonic lodge, and religiously with
the Christian church. He, lost his first wife in
1857 and in 1862 was married again, his second
union being with Miss Minerva Smith, who was
born and reared in Pearl township, Pike county,
and is a daughter of Constantine Smith, one of the
early settlers of the county, and one of the first
officials of Pearl township. By the second mar-
riage there were nine children born, of whom one
died in infancy, the others being: L. C., an at-
torney and now assistant United States attorney
at Fairbanks, Alaska : W. H., who was a fanner
and died in September, 1903 ; Lee, who is living at
home with his father; Sarah A., the wife of W.
L. Coley, a lawyer .of East St. Louis, Illinois : Eva
B., who was the wife of Sidney Crawford, a
fanner, and died in. 1905 ; Ada B., who is married
and lives in San Antonio, Texas; Blanche, who
married Clyde Arance, a farmer near Milton ; and
Yerda June, the wife of William Dillon, also a
farmer near Milton.

Reared under the parental roof. J. D. Hess
continued as a student in the common schools of

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Montezuma township until eighteen years of age,
after which he spent one year in the Pittsfield high
school and five years in Illinois College at Jack-
sonville, where he was graduated with honors in
the class of 1882. He pursued a classical course
and won the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and
Master of Arts. He entered college as a mem-
ber of the same class to which William Jennings
Bryan belonged, but his collegiate course was in-
terrupted by one year spent as a teacher, so that
he did not graduate until a year after the Ne-
braska statesman had completed his course. Fol-
lowing his graduation, Mr. Hess took up the pro-
fession of teaching and spent two years as super-
intendent of the schools of Perry. During the
second year he was married to Miss Clara A.
Rentchler, who had just graduated from the
Woman's Academy at Jacksonville, Illinois, com-
pleting the course in 1883. She was a daughter
of John Rentchler, who died before her birth.

After teaching at Perry Mr. Hess spent three
years as superintendent of the schools in Griggs-
ville and in 1887 came to Pittsfield, where he
began reading law under the direction of Judge
Jefferson Orr. In 1890 he was admitted to the
bar at Mount Vernon, Illinois, and has since
practiced his profession and has also been a real-
estate and loan agent. He practices in all of the
courts and is a lawyer of broad and 'Comprehen-
sive knowledge who presents his cause with clear-
ness and force, who is logical in argument and
strong in his reasoning.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hess have been born two
sons and two daughters: Stanley R., born De-
cember 16, 1885; Terrence W., June 21, 1887^
Catherine, December 31, 1891 ; and Eloise, May
16, 1894. Mrs. Hess is a member of the Meth-
odist church and Mr. Hess is serving as one of
its trustees. He belongs to the Masonic frater-
nity at Milton and to the Knights of Pythias
lodge, the Modern Woodmen camp, the Mutual
Protective League and to the Tribe of Ben Hur,
all of Pittsfield. He is also connected with the
Pike County Mutual and Loyal Americans. In
politics he is a populist and was a member of
the national committee of the party from 1892
until 1900 and has been a delegate to various
conventions. He assisted in organizing the pop-

ulist party in this state. His attention, however,
is largely given to his legal practice and his devo-
tion to his clients' interests is proverbial. In the
county where his entire life has been passed he
has made a creditable record at the bar and is
rcognized as a prominent and able attorney.

FRANK JOHNSTON, M. D.

Dr. Frank Johnston, successfully engaged in
the practice of medicine and surgery in Milton,
is one of Pike county's native sons, his birth
having occurred upon a farm in Montezuma on
the 8th of February, 1873. His parents were
Solomon T. and Susan Johnston, the former a
son of Thomas and Catharine Johnston and the
latter a daughter of John Heavner, who was a
soldier of the war of 1812. She was born Au-
gust 3, 1834, and died January 22, 1904, while
Solomon T. lohnston is still living in Pike county,
being one of its representative citizens and early
settlers.

In the district schools near his father's home
Dr. Johnston of this review acquired his educa-
tion and at the age of eighteen years began
teaching school, which profession he followed for
four years in Pike county. During the periods
of vacation he attended the county normal
schools and thus promoted his efficiency as an
educator. On retiring from his work as a pub-
lic instructor he took up the study of medicine
under the direction of Dr. George E. Harvey,
of Pittsfield, and in the fall of 1894 matricu-
lated in the Missouri Medical College at St.
Louis, from which he was graduated in the class
of 1897, having pursued the regular three years'
course. He at once entered upon the practice
of his profession in Milton, where he has re-
mained continuously since and, having soon dem-
onstrated his ability to cope with the intricate
problems that continually confront the physician,
he has been accorded a liberal and gratifying pat-
ronage.

Dr. Johnston was married May 6, 1896, to
Miss Vinnie G. Hoover, a daughter of Smith and
Izora Hoover, of Pearl, Pike county, Illinois,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

both of whom are deceased. Dr. and Mrs. John-
ston have one child, a daughter, Virginia F.
Johnston.

Dr. Johnston is a member of Milton lodge, No.
277, I. O. O. F., of Milton, also of the Modern
Woodmen camp and the Court of Honor and
was connected with the Knights of Pythias
lodge at Pittsfield until it was disbanded. He is
likewise connected with the Pike County Mutual
Life Association and the Mutual Protective
League. His entire life has been spent in this
county and the fact that many of his warmest
friends are those who have known him from
his boyhood days to the present is an indication
of an honorable life actuated by manly principles
and characterized by upright conduct.

' COLONEL WILLIAM ROSS.

Colonel William Ross was born in Monson.
Massachusetts, April 24, 1792, where he resided
until the age of thirteen years. His father, Mi-
cah Ross, was a man of limited means, though he
was known and termed a good liver, but the edu-
cation of his children was not the best. In 1805
the elder Ross removed to Pittsfield, Massachu-
setts, where the subject of this notice dwelt with
him until he reached his twentieth year, gaining
among the townspeople a reputation for industry
and perseverance, and likewise success in every-
thing he undertook.

Upon the declaration of war in 1812, William
Ross obtained a commission as e,nsign-lieutenant
in the Twenty-first Regiment United States In-
fantry, commanded by Colonel E. W. Ripley, and
was soon afterward ordered on recruiting service.
In the spring of 1813 he was directed to unite his
men with those of his brother. Captain Leonard
Ross, of the same regiment, at Greenbush. New
York, and was subsequently detached to join the
command of Major Aspinwall. About five hun-
dred infantry of the Ninth Regiment had been
ordered to take up a forced march for Buffalo,
then threatened. Arriving at Utica, the troops
were met by an express, informing them of the
capture and destruction of Buffalo, and directing

immediate march to Sackett's Harbor. Accord-
ingly, proceeding to Oswego on Lake Ontario,
they embarked in fifty open row-boats, and set
out for the Harbor, but hardly had they made
Stony Island than- they heard the roar of can-
non and discovered the British fleet of gun-
boats and Indian canoes in the river. They at
once attempted to run the guantlet of the ene-
my's armed vessels, and rushing amid the fire of
the gun-boats, twenty-five of their frail craft suc-
ceeded in reaching the harbor, the remainder be-
ing captured by the British. Captain Ross and
his brother William were among the successful
ones, with their commands. The next day, the
29th of May, 1813, took place the memorable
battle of Sackett's Harbor, in which the brothers
led about one hundred men, and in which ^ve
hundred Americans drove back thirteen hundred
British soldiers. Of the detachment commanded
by the Rosses, one-third was either killed or
wounded in the conflict. The Rosses conducted
themselves most gallantly in this engagement.
Soon after they were transferred into the Fortieth
Regiment, and ordered to the seaboard, where
Captain Leonard Ross took command of Fort
Warren in Boston Harbor, and William Ross
was detached to Marblehead to drill the troops at
that point ; was subsequently removed to Gurnet
Fort, near Plymouth, Massachusetts, where he
remained until the close of the war. then return-
ing to Pittsfield.

In the spring of 1820, in company with four
brothers and a few other families, he started for
what was then known as the "Far West." the
state of Illinois. They arrived safely at the head
of the Allegheny river, and there procuring boats
for their families, horses and wagons, set out to
descend the stream. Difficulties here began to
assail the little band. Again and again their little
boats ran aground, rendering it necessary for the
sturdy emigrants to rush into the water, and wield
their pries and levers to get their boats afloat.
However, they were not disheartened, but by dint
of perseverance, reached Pittsburg after fifteen
days. Here they entered the Ohio river : in a few
weeks they arrived at Shawneetown, situated
above the mouth of the Ohio in Illinois, at which
point they left their water palaces, and started

COL. WILLIAM ROSS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

225

with teams for their places of destination near the
Mississippi river. At Upper Alton, which they
reached in due season, there was but one house
where the city now stands. It was occupied by
Major Hunter, afterward General Hunter, and
here the company secured quarters for their fam-
ilies while they went in search of their intended
location.

At the mouth of the Illinois river they came
across an Indian camp, where they secured ca-
noes, -split puncheons of plank and laid across
them, and thus safely ferried over their wagons.
The horses were made to swim beside the canoes.
They passed across the bluffs and proceeded to
the Mississippi bottoms, at the point where Gilead
(Calhoun county) is now situated; then con-
tinued up the bottom, making the trees as they
went, for there were no roads and nothing to
guide them but an occasional Indian trail. At
length they arrived in township 6 south, 5 west,
about six miles east of the Mississippi river, near
what is now the town of Atlas. No time was lost
in throwing up four rude log houses, intended to
form the immediate settlement, for there were not
more than five white men within fifty miles cast
of the river at that time. The houses being pre-
pared, they returned to their families, and shortly
afterward took permanent possession of their lo-
cation.

Soon after this time on the meeting of the legis-
lature at Vandalia. learning of these emigrants,
the legislature took measure to lay off and form
the county of Pike, embracing all the territory
north and west of the Illinois river, and includ-
ing what is known as the city of Chicago. At
the first election held in this vast territory, there
were but thirty-five votes polled including those
of the French at Chicago. This vast territory is
now the most populous in the state of Illinois.
For a while the prospects of our settlers were
most flourishing, but afterward sickness and death
entered their ranks.

Colonel Ross lost his wife, one brother and
several of the company the first year. Subse-
quently Colonel Ross visited New York and mar-
ried a Miss Edna Adams, after which he returned
to the state of Illinois, laid out the town embrac-
ing his first location, and named it Atlas. There

had previously been established a postoffice called
Ross Settlement, but this designation gave way to
the one adopted by Colonel Ross, who soon com-
menced improving, built a mill, which was much
needed at this time and was afterward fairly suc-
cessful. He arrived in Illinois a poor man, but
speedily began to increase in property and noto-
riety. He became judge of probate for the county
of Pike, which office he held for many years, en-
joying the confidence of the people. He also
served as clerk of the circuit court, and among
others was designated by the governor as colonel
of the militia in that locality. In April, 1832, at
the commencement of the Black Hawk war,
"Cd!t>n<$ Ross'1 Was ordered to raise a company out
of his regiment ahtr join his forces in Beardstown.
He received the order on Friday, and on the fol-
lowing Tuesday presented himself at Beardstown
with double the number of men mentioned in the
order. He was selected aide to the commanding
general, and served with much popularity during
the campaign, and then returned once more to
private life. In 1835 he was elected to the legis-
lature of Illinois, and while a member of that
body did much for this part of the state. We are
assured that he possessed as much influence in the
legislature as any other member. Colonel Ross
was subsequently chosen to -the senate five or six
times, and at one time, during the illness of 'the
lieutenant governor, was elected and served as
speaker pro tern.

He was successfully engaged in mercantile pur-
suits for many years ; was always distinguished
for promptness, reliability and sound judgment ;
punctual in his business relations, governed by
strict integrity, and zealous in all his labors, he
won the respect of his fellow citizens. He was
wont to remark that his father's advice to his
children in their youth was to be prompt and true
in all their dealings with their fellowmen and
he endeavored studiously to carry out in his life
this excellent parental precept. He established
the first bank ever established in the county, at
Pittsfield. Illinois. This was in 1854 or 1855.
which was known as the Banking House of Wil-
liam Ross & Company. The company was Mar-
shall Ayers, of Jacksonville, Illinois. The panic
of 1857 having passed, he closed his bank and re-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

tired to private life. They were banking on Illi-
nois bonds, which made their circulation per-
fectly good, and enabled them, when the panic
came, to pay every cent they owed in gold.

The coming of Colonel Ross to the west was
followed by a long line of vigorous, well-
informed, hardy people from New England, de-
scendants of whom today form a very consider-
able percentage of our leading citizens. He moved
. to Pittsfield from Atlas, and when the commis-
sioners who selected the capital gave him the
honor of naming the city,' he did so, after Pitts-
field, Massachusetts.

During his retirement he always took an active
interest in public affairs ; he was a warm supporter
of the construction of railroads and schools
through this county, and while a large taxpayer,
he always insisted upon voting support to the
railroads to the end that they might be utilized
for business at the earliest day possible. There
was hardly a house of any considerable dimen-
sions built in Pittsfield that did not in some man-
ner receive his attention. He always had posi-
tive views about what ought to be done in public
matters, and did not hesitate to express them.
The houses that he built, and now stand in good
service, are sufficient in number and importance,
if they were collected, to make a good sized
village.

He was a personal friend of Mr. Lincoln, hav-
ing served with him in the Black Hawk war, and
when Mr. Lincoln came to Pittsfield to deliver a
speech, and remained all night, he was the guest
of Colonel Ross. During the Civil war he visited
Washington on two occasions, and had confer-
ences with Mr. Lincoln about public affairs, and
when Mr. Lincoln remarked to him. "Colonel, I
expected you to be here and take a hand in this
trouble before this time," he answered. "I have
been blind. Mr. President, for three years, or I
would have been here." He offered $200 to the
first company that should be raised in Pittsfield
under the call of 1862, which he paid at once, and
in a thousand and one ways during the Civil war
showed his devotion to his country, and his will-
ingness to aid to the full extent of his ability.

He was a whig in politics, but on the muster-
out of that party he joined the republican party.

and was Vice-president of the first state conven-
tion of the republican party, which was held May
29, 1856, at BloomingtOh, and which was at-
tended by Lincoln, Palmer, O. H. Browning,
Wentworth, Yates, Lovejoy, Oglesby and others.
General John M. Palmer was president of the
convention. This convention has become historic
and is well known in Illinois history. He was a
delegate from the fifth congressional district to
the national convention which nominated Mr. Lin-
coln, held in Chicago on the i6th of May, 1860,
and did what he could to secure the nomination
of that great man. His acquaintance with eastern
people, and especially with the friends of Gov-
ernor Seward, enabled him to render efficient serv-
ice in that regard. The eastern people very much
desired the nomination of Mr. Seward, but the
attention of the delegates was turned in the direc-
tion of Mr. Lincoln, and on the third ballot he
received two hundred and thirty-one 'votes, Mr.
Seward receiving one hundred and eighty, and
was declared nominated.

William Ross connected himself with the First
Congregational church of Pittsfield, and from
the time of his connection to his death he was a
steadfast, hard-working, earnest supporter of the
cause he had espoused, and the church with which
he connected himself at that time. He built a
church from his own means, -decorated it with a
bell, and deeded it to the trustees of the church.
Since his death the old building has been removed
and a more stately and commodious building has
been located on the same lot.

At his death he left surviving him two sons.
Marcellus Ross, who resides in Tacoma. Wash-
ington ; William Ross, residing at San Jose. Cali-
fornia ; and two daughters. Mrs. D. F. Kellogg,
a resident of Chicago ; and Mrs. A. C. Matthews,
who lives at the old homestead near Pittsfield. Illi-
nois. They all have families and are respected
citizens in their several places of residence.

Colonel Ross was much more than the average
citizen in point of energy and never-tiring indus-
try. He hnd splendid judgment, correct percep-
tions, unlimited energy, and moved forward in
the line of enterprise that he conceived to be right
until its full consummation. Like the early pio-
neers of Pike county, he never stopped to inquire

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

227

into any disaster, but moved forward to new lines
and better fields. H<; died on the 3ist day of
May. 1873, aged eighty-one years, and was buried
in Pittsfield, in the West cemetery, near the grave
of his wife, who had preceded him a few years.

J. D. NIGHBERT, D. V. S.

Dr. J. D. Nighbert, who in the practice of vet-
erinary surgery is winning merited success in
Pittsfield and Pike county, is a native of Illi-
nois, born October 20, 1856. His father, Na-
thaniel A. Nighbert, was a native of Virginia,
born in 1827, and removing westward to Illi-
nois became one of the early settlers of this state.
He was engaged extensively in farming and
stock-raising in Macoupin county, conducting a
prosperous business up to the time of his death,
which occurred in 1903. His wife is now living.
In their family were seven children, six of whom
yet survive.

Dr. Nighbert was educated in the common
schools and in Blackburn University, while later
he was graduated from Toronto College, in 1889,
with a class of one hundred and eighty members.
He was one of five who were called to compete
for a gold medal given by the Ontario Veter-
inary Medical Association and at his graduation
he received honors for the best general examina-
tion, also in written and oral anatomy and in
microscopy. Splendidly equipped for his chosen
life work he came to Pittsfield in 1889 ar>d nas
since engaged in practice here. Since that year
he has been a member of the state veterinary
board and he also belongs to the American Vet-
erinary Association and the Illinois State Asso-
ciation. He has contributed articles to numerous
medical journals in America and some of these
have been copied in English publications. Dr.
Nighbert has made a study of veterinary sur-
gery and he receives letters from nearly every
state seeking his advice and opinions upon sub-
jects connected with the profession. He is con-
sidered an expert on animal dentistry and sur-
gery and his business has therefore reached ex-
tensive proportions. He practices both in Illi-

nois and Missouri and his labors when viewed
from both a financial and professional stand-
point have been very successful.

Dr. Nighbert was married in 1881 to Miss Lil-
lie Malone, a native of Illinois, and a daughter
of M. C. Malone, a mechanic. They have two
children : Maynard, who was born in 1882 and
is now a student in the Veterinary College at
Toronto, Canada; and Vida, who was born in
1884, and is a graduate of the high school of
Pittsfield. She was also educated in music and
is at home with her parents. Dr. Nighbert owns
a fine residence in Pittsfield and also has other
buildings and property in this city, having pur-
chased considerable real estate— which is the
safest of all investments. He votes with the re-
publican party and he belongs to the Masonic fra-
ternity, while his wife is a member of the Chris-
tian church. Thoroughly qualified for the pro-
fession which he has undertaken as a life work,
he has long since passed through the ranks of
mediocrity to stand with the more successful
few in his profession and his large business is
at once an indication of his skill and of the confi-
dence reposed in him by the public.

RAY N. ANDERSON.

Ray N. Anderson, a prominent attorney of
Pittsfield, practicing in all the courts, was born
in Pike county, in 1874, a son of H. L. and Eliza
fStebbins) Anderson, of Summer Hill, of this
county. The father, a native of Hartford, Con-
necticut, came to Illinois prior to the Civil war
and began business as a merchant in Summer
Hill, Illinois, but is now a farmer and grain mer-
chant. Unto him and his wife were born eight
children, six of whom are living.

Ray N. Anderson attended the common
schools until seventeen years of age, when he
entered upon a preparatory course of study in
Ann Arbor, Michigan, and later was graduated
from the University of Michigan, completing the
law course in 1899. Going to the Pacific coast he
practiced at Seattle. Washington, until 1901,
when he returned to Pittsfield, where he has

228

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

since been located. He is now associated with
Colonel Matthews, the oldest member of the
Pittsfield bar, and is already winning success,
having secured a good clientage which connects
him with important litigated interests of his dis-
trict.

On the i8th of October, 1905, Mr. Anderson
was united in marriage to Miss Helen Gray Bush,
a daughter of William C. and Mollie Bush, and
a granddaughter of Merrick Bush. Her par-
ents were eastern people and her father is now
connected with the Pike County Democrat. Mrs.
Anderson is a graduate of the high school of
Pittsfield and of the business college at Jackson-
ville, Illinois. In his political views Mr. Ander-
son is a prominent republican, active in the local
ranks and is now serving as one of the city al-
dermen. He belongs to the Knights of Pythias
fraternity and the Masonic lodge. In citizenship
he is influential, being the champion of prog-
ress and improvement along lines of practical
and permanent good. In his law practice he is
found as an earnest worker in that preparation
which is so necessary before the active work of
the court is done and in the presentation of a
cause he is clear and cogent in reasoning and log-
ical in his deductions.

CHARLES T. KENNEY.

Charles T. Kenney. an honored veteran of the
Civil war, who for many years was a prominent
factor in commercial circles in Griggsville but is
now living a retired life, was born in this city
December 4, 1841, a son of Hon. Charles and
Mary G. (Carnahan) Kenney. The father was
born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, April 7,
i8ir, and was the eldest son of James and Rachel
Kenney, who were also natives of Pennsylvania.
He acquired his education in the schools of that
state and when twenty-five years of age was
united in marriage to Miss Mary G. Carnahan, a
daughter of James and Margaret (Carnahan). of
Wilmington, Delaware. In 1837 he removed with
his family to Illinois, becoming a resident of
Griggsville two years later. Here he embarked

in merchandising and also was engaged in the
grain trade, continuing in those lines of business
until his retirement from further business cares in
1866. He was then succeeded by his son and son-in
law under the firm style of Kenney & Clark. A pio-
neer settler of Pike county, he took an active and
helpful interest in its development and while pro-
moting his individual success also contributed in
large measure to the welfare and progress of the
community in which he made his home. He was
in limited financial circumstances on his removal
to Illinois but gradually he worked his way up-
ward to a creditable position on the plane of afflu-
ence. He also figured prominently in public af-
fairs and was a recognized leader in the ranks of
the democratic party, on which ticket he was
elected to the state legislature. There he gave
earnest and thoughtful consideration to every
question which came up for settlement and was
connected with important constructive legislation.
The cause of temperance found in him a stanch
advocate and he held membership with the Sons
of Temperance. Both he and his wife were loyal
members of the Congregational church and their
many excellent traits of character won them the
love and respect of all with whom they were asso-
ciated. Mr. Kenney continued to live retired in
the enjoyment of a well earned rest up to the time
of his death, which occurred in Griggsville, No-
vember 9, 1880. His widow, who was born in
Wilmington, Delaware, Inly 28, 1814, survived
him for about twenty years, passing away March
4, 1900. They were married in Sadsburyville,
Chester county, Pennsylvania, by the Rev. John
Wallace, on the i8th of February, 1836.

In their family were ten children, as follows :
William W. Kenney, who was born in Sadsbury-
ville, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1837, married
Alice Pritchard and is now' living in St. Louis,
Missouri. Mary H., born in Naples, Illinois, Oc-
tober 5, 1838, is the wife of W. H. Clark, a resi-
dent of Griggsville. Charles T. is the next of the
family. . Robert M.. born in Griggsville. Febru-
ary 3, 1843, was married here to Mary Shinn and
died in California in October, 1900. Harriet E..
born in Griggsville, February 3, 1845, died in this
city, November 21, 1860. Preston H., born in
Griggsville, June n, 1847, died here October 4,

CHARLES T. KENNEY

CHARLES KENNEY

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

231

1849. Samuel C., born in Griggsville, October
20, 1849, was married to Ella Cunningham and
is now living in Los Angeles, California. Sallie
B., born in Griggsville, October 16, 1851, is the
wife of Dr. L. J. Harvey, of Griggsville, and
died June I, 1894. James C., born in Griggsville,
July 27, 1855, married Nellie Turnbull, of
Griggsville, and now makes his home in Kansas
City. Ed L., born in Griggsville, October 15,
1857, died in this city, August 31, 1886.

Charles T. Kenney, whose name introduces this
record, is indebted to the public-school system of
his native town for the educational privileges he
enjoyed and in his youth he secured a clerkship
in a dry-goods store, where he remained until
after the inauguration of the Civil war, when he
put aside business cares in order to respond to
the country's call for aid. He enlisted from Pike
county, August 18, 1861, to serve for three years
or during the war and was mustered into the
United States service at Camp Butler in Spring-
field, Illinois, September 3, 1861. He was a pri-
vate under command of Captain William W. H.
Lawton, of Company I, Thirty-third Illinois In-
fantry, Colonel Charles E. Hovey, commanding.
This regiment was organized in the month of
September at Camp Butler and on the 2Oth of that
month proceeded southward by way of St. Louis,
Missouri, to Ironton, that state, where the troops
went into winter quarters but occasionally did
scouting duty in the surrounding country. The
first battle in which the regiment participated was
at Fredericktown, Missouri, and soon afterward
was engaged at Big Black Bridge, Missouri. Sub-
sequently the Thirty-third Illinois was assigned
to the First Brigade of the First Division, Thir-
teenth Army Corps, with which it remained un-
til March, 1865, when it was transferred to the
Sixteenth Corps. The members of that regiment
participated in the engagements at Cotton Plant,
Cache Creek, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Big
Black River, the siege of Vicksburg and the siege
of Jackson, after which they embarked on steam-
boats and went down the Mississippi river to
New Orleans", there taking part, in October, 1863.
in the campaign under General Ord up the Bayou
Teche and returning to New Orleans in Novem-
ber of that year. The regiment afterward moved

by way of Arkansas Pass to Brownsville, Texas,
and disembarked on St. Joseph Island, whence
they marched over Matagorda Island to Saluria,
participating in the capture of Fort Esperanza
They then removed to Indianola and later to Port
Lavaca, Texas, and afterward the regiment was
chiefly engaged on guard duty in Louisiana until
ordered to take part in the expedition to Mobile.
Alabama, during which the members of the
Thirty-third Illinois did loyal service in the
siege of Mobile and in the capture of Spanish
Fort and Fort Blakely, also participating in a
number of minor engagments, skirmishes and
raids. The regiment lost during its service three
hundred and nine officers and men by death. In
recognition of his valor and meritorious conduct
on the field of battle Charles T. Kenney was pro-
moted from the 'fariks' to orderly sergeant, was
commissioned second' fieu'tefianV March 18, 1862,
and first lieutenant June 3, 1863. He was wounded
at Vicksburg, Mississippi, May 2, 1863, by a gun-
shot in the right leg six inches above the knee.
He was removed to a private house for treat-
ment and about three inches of the bone was cut
from the limb. He was one of the only two men of
eighty who were similarly wounded in the battle
of Vicksburg who survived. When able to travel
he was granted a furlough and spent several
weeks at home, after which he rejoined his regi-
ment at New Orleans, Louisiana, to receive his
final pay and discharge. With the exception of
this period he was always with his command,
doing active service, and he made a splendid rec-
ord for soldierly conduct and fearlessness in face
of danger. Upon a surgeon's certificate of disa-
bility he was honorably discharged at Washing-
ton, D. C., August 19, 1864, owing to the wounds
which he sustained in action.

Returning to Griggsville. Mr. Kenney was for
twenty-three years engaged in the grocery busi-
ness with J. B. Morrison and on the expiration
of that period the partnership was dissolved and
Mr. Kenney has since lived a retired life. He
was widely known as an enterprising and reli-
able merchant and enjoyed a good business, so
that as the years passed by he added continually
to his capital until he had acquired means suffi-
cient to enable him to put aside further business

23-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

cares and enjoy a well earned rest throughout
his remaining days.

On the 30th of May, 1865, in Griggsville, Mr.
Kenney was married to Miss Fannie M. Green,
a daughter of Jonathan and Abbie D. (Worcester)
Green. Her parents were married May 7, 1840.
Her father was born in Pepperell, Massachu-
setts, February 20, 1814, and died June 7, 1878,
while his wife, who was born May 26, 1821, in
Stoddard, New Hampshire, is now living with
Mr. and Mrs. Kenney at the age of eighty-four
years. They resided in the east until 1857, when
they came to Illinois and Mr. Green first clerked
for R. P>. Hatch & Company at Griggsville.
From that time until his death he was connected
with the dry-goods business in this city, con-
ducting a store of his own for a long period.
He never cared for public office nor public noto-
riety of any kind but was always found reliable
in his business transactions and honorable in all
life's relations. He and his wife were members
of the Congregational church and he held mem-
bership in Griggsville lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A.
M., while his political support was given to the
republican party. In their family were four chil-
dren, three sons and a daughter,_the latter being
Mrs. Fannie M. Kenney, who was born in Stod-
dard, New Hampshire, December n, 1843. Her
brothers were: George W., who was born at Mar-
low, New Hampshire, August I, 1846, and died
October 20, 1851 ; Charles O., who was born in
Plattsburg, New York, October 2, 1853, and is
now engaged in the grocery business in Denver,
Colorado ; and Fred E., who was born in Platts-
burg, October 9, 1855, and is a druggist in Oska-
loosa, Iowa.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kenney have been born
six children. Jessie Elizabeth, born June i, 1866,
was married to Ernest E. Williamson. April 2,
1891, and resides in Griggsville; Alice, born
January i. 1868. died March 9, 1869. Willie
Morrison, born February 2, 1870, died January
27, 1871. Freddie, born February 27, 1872. died
on the I4th of March of the same year. Helen
Frances, born April 19, 1874, is the wife of Har-
vey E. Baxter, to whom she was married Novem-
ber 29. 1898, and their home is in Chicago. Marie

Louise, born September 18, 1881, completes the
family and is at home with her parents.

Long a resident of Griggsville, Mr. Kenney
has figured prominently in public affairs and has
been the champion of many movements for the
genernl welfare and upbuilding. He has filled
tl;r office of city clerk for fifteen years and was
a member of the school board for a similar period.
He belongs to Griggsville lodge, No. 45, A. F.
& A. M., and to W. W. H. Lawton post, No.
438, G. A. R. His life has in many respects been
a commendable one and, as has been shadowed
forth between the lines of this review, he was
found a brave and loyal soldier in the hour of
his country's danger, has been a reliable and
trustworthy business man and a public-spirited
citizen, while in his home and social relations he
has commanded the respect and friendship of
many by reason of the possession of those traits
of character which awaken warm personal regard.

WILLIAM M. BROWN.

The history of commercial progress in Milton
would be incomplete without mention of Wil-
liam M. Brown, a leading and prominent mer-
chant of that city. He was born November 29,
1840, in Carrollton, Greene county, Illinois, his
parents being Isaac S. and Catharine (Hay)
Brown, who became early residents of Pike
county, where they took up their abode in
March, 1850. The father purchased a farm a
mile and a half south and a half mile east of Mil-
ton and upon that place William M. Brown was
reared, having been a youth of nine years at the
time of the removal to the old homestead. He
acquired his education in the district schools near
by and he still owns the farm, which comprises
one hundred and twenty acres of as rich soil as
can be found in the state of Illinois. During the
periods of vacation he aided in the work of the
fields and remained upon the old homestead until
nineteen years of age, when he went to Califor-
nia by way of the Isthmus of Panama. The
journey consumed twenty-four days from the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

233

time he left New York city until his arrival at
San Francisco in March, 1859. He remained
up. in the Pacific coast for three years engaged
in mining and ranching and he was fairly suc-
cessful in his work, but lost much of what he pos-
sessed in his first mining ventures in prospecting
for greater results at a later date. In 1863 'le
returned to the old homestead near Milton, Illi-
nois, and leased the farm from his father in con-
nection with his brother, James A. The father
went to the war, becoming a member of a com-
pany of the Ninety-ninth Illinois Regiment com-
manded by Captain J. G. Johnson. He served
for three years as wagon master and was killed
in the siege of Vicksburg on the 22d of May,
1863. There was a very sad incident in connec-
tion with his death. In the heat of battle he
heard the Masonic cry for help from one of his
comrades and, facing almost certain death amidst
a hail of bullets, he picked up his comrade and
while carrying him off the field away from dan-
ger a bullet passed through his comrade's body,
killing him, and entered Mr. Brown's thumb,
passing out through the hand. This occasioned
blood poisoning, which caused Mr. Brown's
death a few days later. At his request his re-
mains were interred upon the battle-field but
were afterward removed to the National Sol-
diers' Cemetery at Vicksburg. In March. 1869.
William M. Brown, accompanied by his mother,
made a pilgrimage to Vicksburg to discover his
father's grave and place a monument over it.
They had no trouble in finding the place of inter-
ment, which was on the topmost circle, he being
the eighth soldier buried in the beautiful Union
Soldiers' National Cemetery at that place. The
monument was erected according to the plans
and after performing this act of love and duty
over the grave of husband and father they re-
turned home.

On the 2d of December, 1868, Mr. Brown
was married to Miss Alice Strawn, a daughter
of Alvis and Joanna Strawn. Unto them were
born three children, two sons and a daughter.
William Edmund, born December 13, 1869, died
March 26, 1870. Fred S.. born in Milton. April
2, 1873, is now a physician and druggist of Wich-
ita. Kansas. Helen A., born December 25, 1887.
in Milton, is at home.

Mr. Brown is a member of the Modern Wood-
men camp, No. 922, and in his political views
he is a liberal republican. He has been associ-
ated with business interests in Milton through
a long period and is a self-made man, whose
prosperity has resulted entirely from his enter-
prise and capable efforts.

MAJOR WILFRED I. KLEIN.

Major Wilfred I. Klein, of Barry, is one of the
native sons of that town and has won distinc-
tion as a lawyer and legislator. He is the third
son of Joseph and Agnes (Spalding) Klein, the
latter a daughter of Judge Spalding, of St.
Louis, Missouri. The father, was born at Cats-
kill, New York, in February, 1809, and the
mother's birth occurred in St. Louis, in 1818.
In his boyhood days Joseph Klein accompanied
his father on his removal to Springfield, Illinois.
At one time he owned a large amount of land,
covering the present site of the fair grounds in
Springfield. It was in that city that the grand-
father spent his last years. In 1840 Joseph Klein
removed to St. Louis, where he was married,
and in 1846 he came to Barry. In the former
city he purchased the Little St. Louis saw and
grist mill, which he operated for about six years
and he would drop bran in the creek when he
could not sell it. On disposing of his mill and
removing to Barry he entered upon the practice
of law, in which he continued for twenty years,
his ability and comprehensive knowledge win-
ning him prominence in his profession. He was
a well educated man, strong minded and became
recognized as a distinguished and leading resi-
dent of this part of the state. He died at his
home in Barry. February 28. 1869. As a citizen,
father and friend he had no superior, manifest-
ing in his life splendid traits of character which
won for him the respect and confidence of all
who knew him. He left a large circle of friends
througout the county. His wife passed away in
1897. They were the parents of five children, all
of whom are now living: Walter S., who is en-
gaged in general, merchandising in Time ; Charles

234

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

H., who is living a retired life at Elmdale, Chase
county, Kansas ; Willie L. and Wilfred I., twins,
the former living in Minneapolis, Minnesota,
where he is editor of the Northwestern Medical
Journal ; and Julia R., the wife of T. C. Long, of
Texas.

Major Klein was educated in Barry, where he
engaged in teaching school for seven years. He
entered upon that profession when sixteen years
of age and taught at Pittsfield, Rockport and
New Salem. He afterward entered the Univer-
sity at Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he pursued
a course in law, being graduated in 1878. The
following year he was admitted to the bar and en-
tered upon the practice of his chosen profession
in his native town. The same year he was elected
city attorney, which office he has held almost
continuously since save with the exception of a
few years which he spent as a legislator. He
entered the race for the legislature from the
thirty-ninth district in 1894, receiving the en-
dorsement of his county and was nominated and
elected by a large majority. He proved a useful
and valuable member of the house, in which he
served during 1895-6, giving to each question
careful consideration an proving untiring in his
support of the men and measure which he
deemed of greatest good to the commonwealth.
In his profession he has won honorable position
by reason of his comprehensive knowledge of the
principles of jurisprudence, his close application
and his strong presentation of each cause before
court or jury.

Major Klein was married in Springfield, Illi-
nois, ^n 1878, to Miss Jennie M. Klein, who was
born in that city in 1858 and was a daughter of
John and Cynthia Klein, residents of Springfield,
who are now deceased. One child was born of
this marriage, Madge Estella Klein, who was
born in 1881. She attended the public schools of
P>arry and was educated in music, her father se-
curing for her the best teachers that money could
obtain. She was a beautiful Christian girl, dis-
playing a sweet disposition, kindly purpose and
genial nature and was greatly loved by all, but on
the ist of May. 1900, she was called from this
life. Mrs. Klein survived for about two years
and then passed away on the igth of August,

1902. Major Klein has thus seen sad times, but
he has ever attempted to keep up a hopeful spirit.
In his relations with his fellowmen he is directed
by broad sentiment relating to his duties by a
charitable nature and kindly purpose. He still
keeps his home just as his wife and daughter
left it, employing a housekeeper, white he boards
at the hotel. Major Klein is very prominent in
the organization of the Modern Woodmen of
America and was state consul in 1894. He has
also held other offices in that organization and is
now state lecturer. He likewise belongs to the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and to the
Pike County Mutual Association. In his pro-
fession he has attained prominence by reason of
broad and comprehensive study and he possesses
a statesman's grasp of affairs, keeping in touch
with the onward progress of thought and action
relating to the country's history.

G. W. FULLER.

G. W. Fuller, who is engaged in dealing in coal
in Pittsfield, was born in Massachusetts in 1845,
and is descended from ancestors who came to
America on the Mayflower. In both the paternal
and maternal lines he is descended from Revolu-
tionary ancestry ; and from the same branch came
President Monroe, the mother of Mr. Fuller being
an own cousin of the president. She spent her
entire life within twenty miles of Plymouth Rock,
and a sister of Mr. Fuller is yet living there. In
fact, our subject is the only representative of the
name who has gone so far away from the ancestral
home. He came to Pike county, Illinois, in 1878,
and has since been identified with the interests of
this section of the state. In the common schools
of Massachusetts he acquired his education, and
after locating in Pike county he engaged in pros-
pecting for coal. For twenty-five years he has
been engaged in dealing in coal, being the only
exclusive merchant in this line in the city. His
business is extensive, owing to his honorable
methods, his earnest desire to please his patrons
and his promptness and fidelity in all things.

In 1879 Mr. Fuller was united in marriage to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

235

Miss Mary E. Stitzer, of Pittsfield, a daughter of
George W. Stitzer, of Virginia, who came to
Pike county in 1837, thus casting his lot with its
earliest settlers for the work of improvement and
progress had scarcely begun here at that time.
He followed the business of teaming. In his
family were three children : Mrs. Fuller ; William
A., who is living in Cincinnati, Ohio; and Mrs.
Virginia Armstrong, who resides at Rich Hill,
Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Fuller have become the
parents of four children : G. W., who is occupy-
ing a position with the Arrriour Packing Com-
pany, of Chicago; Frank L., residing at home;
and John W. and Emma E., who are also with
their parents. Mr. Fuller owns the home where
he resides together with four acres of land. In
politics he is a republican, interested in the suc-
cess of the party because of the principles which
it embodies, yet never seeking office for himself.
His wife and daughter are members of the Con-
gregational church, while his son Frank holds a
membership in the Methodist Episcopal church.
For more than a quarter of a century Mr. Fuller
has resided in Pittsfield and the success he has
achieved during this period has come as a direct
result of his own labors for he had little capital
when he made his way westward. Here he has
improved his opportunities and as the years
have gone by has made substantial progress, be-
ing to-day in possession of a comfortable com-
petence as the result of his earnest and well di-
rected labors.

HIRAM RUSH.

Hiram Rush, devoting his time and energies
to farming and stock-raising in Detroit township,
is associated with his four brothers in the owner-
ship and operation of about six hundred acres of
land, comprised in three well improved and valu-
able farms, adjoining the village of Detroit. He
was born in this township, April 28. 185^. his
father being James Rush, a native of Indiana,
born in 1816. His paternal grandfather, Elijah
Rush, removed to Illinois with his family in 1827,
and settled in Detroit township, Pike county. He

both entered and bought land and cleared and
improved a good farm, assisted in the early pio-
neer development and progress of the country.
James Rush was a lad of eleven years when he
arrived in this county and here he was reared
and educated. Having arrived at adult age he
was married here to Margaret Dinsmore, a native
of Illinois, born in Pike county, and a daughter of
Robert Dinsmore, one of the early settlers here,
who came up the Illinois river on a keel boat.
From time to time as his financial resources per-
mitted James Rush purchased more land and be-
came the owner of a valuable farm. He was
recognized as one of the active, enterprising and
prosperous agriculturists of the county and was
accorded a place among the valued and repre-
sentative citizens. In addition to rearing six
children of his own, all sons, he also gave a home
to a number of orphan children, his family num-
bering thirteen children in all. His kindly spirit,
his broad humanitarianism and his generous
disposition made him a man whom to know was
to respect and honor. He died August 2, 1888,
while his wife, who still survives, yet resides
upon the old homestead farm.

Hiram Rush is the second in order of birth in
a family of five sons, who are yet living, while
one, James Rush, has passed away. He reached
mature years, however, and died in St. Louis,
Missouri, in 1900. The others are: Perry and
Otis; living on the old home farm ; R. E. ; and
Clay. All are married with the exception of the
youngest and all are farmers, being associated in
business interests.

Hiram Rush was educated in the district
schools and early became familiar with the duties
and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist.
He remained with his father in his youth and
assisted in carrying on the home farm until the
father's death. The brothers now continue the
work and their business associations are most
harmonious.

Mr. Rush, of this review, was married in
Griggsville, January 29, 1880, to Miss Emma
Dean, who was born in Griggsville township and
spent her girlhood days there. Her father, A. H.
Dean, was a native of Litchfield, Connecticut,
born in 1831, and was brought to Pike county,

236

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Illinois, in 1836. Following his marriage Mr.
Rush located upon the home farm, where he re-
sided for a number of years, when he purchased
property in the village of Detroit, taking up his
abode there in the fall of 1891. He has a good
substantial home, supplied with many of the
comforts and luxuries of life. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Rush have been born seven children : Pearl,
now the wife of Virgil Scarborough, a farmer of
Detroit township, by whom she has a daughter,
Ila; Opal, the wife of John Ellis, a resident
farmer of Detroit, by whom she has a son, Dean ;
Mattie, who is a student in the schools of Griggs-
ville ; Varina, Jessie and Dewy, all at home ; and
one son, Harvey Dean, who died at the age of
seventeen months.

Politically Mr. Rush is a stalwart democrat
and is a good friend of the public schools. He
served on the school board for eighteen years,
acted as its clerk and its president and the cause
of education finds in him a warm and helpful
friend. His wife is a member of the Methodist
Episcopal church and he belongs to Detroit lodge,
No. 883, I. O. O. F., while his wife is connected
with the Rebekah lodge. He likewise belongs to
the Pike County Fraternal Insurance Associa-
tion. Having always lived in Detroit township
he has a wide acquaintance and is recognized as
a substantial farmer and business man to whom
trust and confidence are uniformly given. He
and his estimable wife have many friends in the
hospitality of their own pleasant home in Detroit
is greatly enjoyed by those who know them. The
Rush brothers work together in the utmost har-
mony and in the control of their business af-
fairs are meeting with gratifying prosperity, be-
ing recognized as representative agriculturists of
Pike county.

F. M. THURMON, M. D.

Dr. F. M. Thurmon, who in the active practice
of medicine and surgery has shown his thorough
understanding of the -great scientific principles
which underlie his work, was born in Montezuma
township near Milan on the 23d of August, 1872,
and is the youngest of a family of nine children,

four of whom are practicing physicians at the
present time, namely: Dr. C. E. Thurmon, of
Milton ; Dr. W. T. Thurmon, of Detroit, Illinois,
Dr. J. D. Thurmon, of St. Louis, Missouri, and
our subject. He was reared upon his father's
farm and acquired his preliminary education in
the common schools of Pike county. At the age
of twenty years he engaged in teaching school
in Scott county and followed that profession for
seven years. In 1899 he accepted a position with
the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company as night
watchman on the bridge at Pearl, Illinois, acting
in that capacity for one year and in the spring of
1900 he went to the Red River valley in North
Dakota, accepting a position with the Salzer
Lumber Company of Minneapolis, Minnesota,
which he represented as bookkeeper until in Au-
gust of the same year. He then severed his con-
nection with that company and returned home.
Having determined upon the practice of medicine
as a life work, he commenced studying with that
end in view in September, 1900, matriculating
in the medical department of the Barnes Univer-
sity at St. Louis, Missouri, from which he was
graduated in the class of 1904. During the three
summers intervening between the college courses
he served in the capacity of ballast inspector for
the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company, his
revenue from this position enabling him to pay
his way through college.

Returning to Pearl, Dr. Thurmon purchased
the practice and property of Dr. B. P. Bradburn
and now enjoys a large and lucrative patronage
in Pearl and vicinity. He is well qualified for his
chosen profession and is continually promoting
his proficiency by reading and investigation,
while in the faithful performance of each day's
duties he finds courage and strength for the
labors of the succeeding day.

On the 26th of December, 1896. Dr. Thurmon
was married to Miss E. Maude Davis, a daughter
of John W. and Mary E. (Stephenson) Davis.
By this marriage there have been born two sons :
Francis M.. who was born November 18, 1898;
and William M., who was born July 14, 1902.
Dr. and Mrs. Thurmon occupy an enviable social
position and he is connected with the Modern
Woodmen of America, the Mutual Protective

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

237

League and the Knights and Ladies of Security,
in all of which lodges he is examining physician.
A young man of laudable ambition and with a na-
ture that could never be content with mediocrity,
he is continually advancing in his chosen field of
labor and has already left the ranks of the many
to stand among the successful few.

G. W. DOYLE, M. D.

Dr. G. W. Doyle, now deceased, was classed
with the representative citizens of Pike county
for many years. He was born in Knox county,
Ohio, in 1836, and about 1859 removed to Gham-
paign county, Illinois, being at that time a young
man of twenty-three years. He watched with in-
terest the prpgress of events leading 'up to the
inauguration of the Civil war, noting the threat-
ening attitude of the south, reading with interest
the accounts of the anti-slavery movements, felt
the growing hostility and spirit of rebellion
among the southern states and with the opening
of the war his patriotic spirit was thoroughly
aroused and he fearlessly announced his advocacy
of the Union cause. Soon he enlisted as a mem-
ber of Company C, Twenty-fifth Illinois Volun-
teer Infantry and served for three years. He was
first under command of Captain Summers and
later was promoted to the rank of major. Dur-
ing his services he was twice severely wounded,
once in the shoulder and again through the leg,
and he carried the marks of the rebel lead to
the grave. He participated in many hotly con-
tested battles and for forty consecutive days was
under fire. Soon after his return from the army
he entered the Eclectic Institute of Medicine at
Cincinnati, Ohio, and was graduated from the
same in due time, after which he located for prac-
tice in Champaign county, Illinois, entering upon
the active work for which he had prepared. Two
years later he came to Barry, where he located
permanently and soon he had secured a large and
gratifying practice in the city and vicinity. His
ability was earlv recognized and his labors
were crowned with a measure of success that is
only possible to the capable physician who com-

bines with his scientific knowledge
manitarian spirit.

Dr. Doyle was married in Champaign county,
Illinois, October 29, 1867, to Miss Mary Bart-
ley, whose birth occurred in that county on the
i8th of May, 1847. Her father, James Bartley,
is still living in that county at the advanced age
of eighty-nine years. Dr. and Mrs. Doyle en-
tered upon what proved to be a most happy mar-
ried relation, possessing genial natures that made
their home life one of much joy. Unto them
were born a daughter and son : Sadie, who is now
the wife of Frank M. McNeal, who is engaged
in the stock business with his wife's brother,
while they make their home with her mother ; and
Charles Doyle, who is night operator at the de-
pot at Barry and is engaged in the stock business
with his brother-in-law. In March, 1894, the
the town of Barry was largely destroyed by fire
and on the 3ist of that month Dr. Doyle, whose
home had been completely consumed in the
flames, and who was stopping temporarily with
his friend, W. I. Klein, started out, after eating
breakfast, to make his morning round of visits
to his country patients. He got into his cart, in
which he usually drove and stopped at the post-
office and on attempting to enter his cart again
he missed his footing, fell backward and pulled
his horse over on him, receiving injuries from
which he died on the 4th of April, 1894. The ac-
cident occurring on the public street was wit-
nessed by a number of people, many of whom
sprang to his relief. He was picked up and car-
ried into the office of W. I. Klein and Dr. Mc-
Kinney was immediately summoned. The prac-
ticed eye of the physician saw at a glance that the
injury was a serious one and upon his order Dr.
Doyle was taken to the home of Mr. Klein, where
every resource of medical skill and knowledge
was brought to bear, but without avail. His
brother Theodore Doyle, of Kansas City, was
telegraphed for and arrived at the bedside of his
brother on Sunday morning, never leaving him
until he had breathed his last. Another brother.
Dr. Anthony Doyle, arrived only in time to at-
tend the funeral.

Dr. Doyle was widely recognized as a man of
many splendid traits of character, of strong in-

238

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

tellectuality, kindly spirit and generous disposi-
tion. In all life's relations he was straight-
forward and reliable. In his home he was a de-
voted husband and father, who counted no per-
sonal sacrifice on his part too great if it would
enhance the welfare and happiness of his wife
and children. In community interests he was a
co-operant factor, giving his support to all meas-
ures which he deemed of public benefit. At the
time of his demise the expression was heard
from many lips, "a worthy man has ended his
race and his mourners go about the streets.'' The
funeral services were conducted by the Rev. Mc-
Kendree McElfresh of the Methodist Episcopal
church at the residence of W. I. Klein on the 5th
of April, 1894, after which the Masonic lodge of
Barry, assisted by their brethren of all different
lodges, took charge of the services and with a
band in the lead marched to the cemetery, where
the last sad rites were conducted. The large
concourse of people gathered on that occasion
testified fully to the respect and esteem in which
Dr. Boyle was uniformly held. He belonged not
only to the Masonic fraternity, of which he was
an exemplary and faithful member, but also to
the Grand Army of the Republic and to the An-
cient Order of United Workmen. He sought to
do good and his profession gave him ample op-
portunity in that direction. Many benefited
through his charitable nature and he never re-
fused to respond to a call even when he knew
that pecuniary reward could not be expected. He
possessed, moreover, a genial, kindly nature that
rendered him a popular and much loved citizen.
"His life was gentle and the elements
So mixed in him that Nature might stand up
And say to all the world, this was a man."

BETHUEL H. ROWAND.

Bethuel H. Rowand, a druggist of Barry, was
born August 18, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pennsyl-
vania, and is a son of Josiah and Ellen B.
(Haines) Rowand. The father was a native of
Gloucester, New Jersey, born April 15, 1813, and
his father, Thomas Rowand, was also born in that

place. The paternal grandfather, John Rowand,
is supposed to have been born in New Jersey,
and it is definitely known that he was descended
from some of the first settlers of the state. He
was a member of the Society of Friends and
reared his children in that faith. His entire life
was passed in New Jersey.

Thomas Rowand learned the blacksmith's
trade in his native state, and followed it at Had-
donfield of Rowandtown, being connected with
that industry during the years of an active busi-
ness career. He spent his last days at the home
of his daughter in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
His wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth
Sharp, was also a native of New Jersey, and died
in Philadelphia in 1846. They reared a family
of nine children: Joseph T., Charles, John R.,
Hannah A., Mary, Hamilton, Emma, Weston and
Josiah S.

The last named, Josiah S. Rowand, father of
our subject, resided in New Jersey until he
reached the age of fourteen years, when he ac-
companied his parents to Philadelphia, and soon
after he entered business life as an employe in
a sash factory, where he, remained the greater
part of the time until seventen years of age. He
then began working for his brother, Joseph T.
Rowand, in the drug business, and in 1832 he en-
tered the employ of his brother, John R. Rowand,
in compounding a tonic mixure and also the
manufacture of blackberry root syrup. In 1850
he embarked in the retail drug business on his
own account in Philadelphia, the capital for the
business being furnished by Warden Morris. He
continued the conduct of his store there until
1854. Two years later he came to Barry, but the
same year went to Quincy, Illinois, where he en-
tered the drug business. In 1859, however, he
again came to Barry and opened a drug store in
this city, conducting the establishment until 1863,
when he sold out and returned to Philadelphia.
He remained in the east, however, for only one
hundred days and then again came to Barry,
where he once more resumed business operations
as a druggist, continuing in the trade throughout
the remainder of his life. In 1876 he erected a
good brick business block, installed his store
therein and carried on the trade with constantly

JOSIAH ROWAND

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

241

increasing success. He was married in Philadel-
phia, in 1834, to Miss Ellen B. Haines, and they
became the parents of five children, but Bethuel
H. Rowand of this review is the only one now liv-
ing. The parents were strongly attached to the
Baptist church, and were active workers in its
interest. Mr. Rowand was likewise a stalwart
republican ; and he belonged to the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows. He was a man of frank,
open manner, of a generous and jovial disposi-
tion, and was a favorite with all who knew him.
He died January 25, 1902, at the advanced age of
almost eighty-nine years, while his wife passed
away May 19, 1891.

Bethuel H. Rowand was educated in the public
schools and was trained to business life in his
father's store, where he acted as a clerk from the
age of twelve years until the ist of October,
1897. He then purchased the interest of his fa-
ther and brother John R. in the drug business and
has since been closely associated with the conduct
of this enterprise in Barry.

In the meantime, however, he rendered valu-
able aid to his country in the dark days of the
Civil war, enlisting in the Union Army from Pike
county on the 27th of May, 1862, to serve for
three months. He was mustered into the United
States service at Camp Butler, Springfield, Illi-
nois, June 20, 1862, as a corporal in Company B,
of the Sixty-eighth Regiment of Illinois Volun-
teers under command of Captain Daniel F. Cof-
fey and Colonel Elias Stewart. The regiment was
enlisted in response to a call made by Governor
Yates in the early summer for troops to serve
three months in connection with the state militia,
and the muster of the regiment was effected early
in June. Soon afterward, however, the Sixty-
eighth Illinois was mustered into the United
States service, and after the rendezvous at
Springfield left Camp Butler, July 5, 1862, pro-
ceeding by rail to Wheeling, West Virginia,
where the troops arrived on the 7th. Two days
later they moved on to Washington, D. C. re-
maining at the so-called "soldiers' retreat" until
the nth, when they proceeded by boat down the
Potomac to Alexandria, Virginia. They then
marched about two miles to Camp Taylor, where
they remained for two weeks, when they were

transferred to a more healthful location upon
higher ground about two miles above Alexandria
near the Potomac. The regiment was later de-
tailed on provost guard duty in the city of Alex-
andria, and became proficient in the manual of
arms, battalion and company movements. Al-
though never under fire, the men performed the
duties assigned them with alacrity, and not a man
of the regiment would have hesitated had they
been called upon to face the enemy on the battle-
field. The Sixty-eighth Illinois was assigned the
duty of caring for the wounded as they were sent
into Alexandria after the sanguinary battle of
Bull Run. On the I7th of September they were
ordered to Camp Butler to be mustered out,
whjch occurre^. on the 26th of September, 1862,
the troops receiving their final pay on the ist of
October. Mr'.- .Rowand was constantly with his
command during h'is'Stervice and received an hon-
orable discharge at Camp Butler, but he still felt
that he owed a duty to his country, and on the 5th
of May, 1864, he re-enlisted from Pike county
for one hundred days, being mustered into the
United States service on the 5th of June as ser-
geant of Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-
seventh Illinois Infantry under command of Cap-
tain Robert B. Robison and Colonel John Wood.
This regiment was organized in response to Gov-
ernor Yates's call for volunteers to relieve the
veteran troops stationed on duty at the front. Re-
cruiting for this regiment was begun in May,
1864, and the organization was completed at
Camp Wood in Quincy by Colonel John Wood,
who was mustered into the service with the regi-
ment June 5, 1864, as its commander to serve for
one hundred days. On the gth of June, 1864, this
command left Quincy and proceeded to Memphis,
Tennessee, where it was assigned to the Fourth
Brigade, district of Memphis, Colonel B. L. Bait-
wick of the Thirty-ninth Wisconsin Infantry
commanding. On the gth of July the regiment
was assigned to the Third Brigade with Colonel
|ohn Wood in command and was stationed on
picket duty on the Hernando road, and eight
miles north. This regiment was actively engaged
in Forrest's raid on Memphis, Tennessee, losing
several men in killed, wounded and missing. Its
officers and men evinced the highest soldierly

-4-'

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

qualities, making a creditable military record as
supporters and defenders of the Union, and Pres-
ident Lincoln tendered them the thanks of the
government and the people for their services,
each member of the regiment receiving a personal
letter from the president. The regiment was mus-
tered out at Springfield, September 24, 1864, and
Mr. Rowand was again at liberty to return to his
home.

On the nth of June, 1866, occurred the mar-
riage of Bethtiel H. Rowand and Miss Charlotte
Gray, a native of Pike county and a daughter of
Thomas T. and Frances (Crandall) Gray. The
father was born in Rensselaer county, New York,
in 1812, and was the youngest in a family of thir-
teen children. The wife was born in the same
county in 1820. They reared seven daughters
and three sons, namely : Eugene, Melissa,
Henry, Charlotte, Josephine, Fannie, Florence,
Gertrude, Halbert and Hattie. Of this number
Eugent served in the Sixty-eighth and the Twen-
ty-eighth regiments of Illinois Infantry,- and
Henry in the Twenty-eighth Illinois Volunteers.
The parents came to Pike county with their re-
spective parents and were married here ; and Mr.
Gray was one of the leading merchants of Barry
for many years.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Rowand was born a daugh-
ter, Maie, who is now the wife of Captain John
T. Nance, commanding Company I, Ninth Cali-
fornia Regiment of the United States Regulars,
located at Berkeley, California. He is also in-
structor in the State University there and has
served on the staff of General McArthur and
Fred Grant and General Chaffee. Captain
and Mrs. Nance have one son, Curtis H.,
who has recently graduated from the State
University. In 1891, Mr. Rowand was called
upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died on
the 2Qth of July of that year. On the ist of
September, 1892, he married Mrs. Ella H. Mc-
Clain, nee Hoyle, who was born in Pike county,
May 31, 1859. By her first husband she had one
son, George Montgomery McClain, who was
born in 1833 and is now assisting in the Rowand
drug store. Mrs. Rowand is a daughter of
George and Elizabeth (Hillman) Hoyle, the
former a native of England, and the latter of

Ohio, in which state she was reared by a family
of Friends or Quakers. In his boyhood clays
George Hoyle accompanied his parents to Ken-
tucky, and the family afterward came to Pike
county, Illinois, casting in their lot with the pio-
neer settlers here. Mr. Hoyle followed the oc-
cupation of farming, continuing his connection
with agricultural pursuits in Pike county up to the
time of his death.

Mr. Rowand has been engaged in the drug
business in Barry on his own account since he
purchased his father's store in 1897. He is now
proprietor of the best establishment of this char-
acter in the city, the store being neat and tasteful
in its appointments and equipped with a large line
'of drugs and kindred supplies. He also owns a
fine home on Diamond Hill, where he resides.
Recognized as a stalwart advocate and earnest
worker in the ranks of the republican party in his.
county, he has been called to public office and has
been a member of the city council, also city clerk
and clerk of Barry township. He is prominent
in fraternal circles, belonging to Barry lodge, No.
34, A. F. & A. M., and Barry chapter, No. 88,
R. A. M., while both he and his wife are mem-
bers of the Eastern Star. He is an Odd Fellow,
connected with New Canton Militant, thus re-
ceiving the highest rank in Odd Fellowship. He
has been noble grand, and has occupied all of the
chairs in the order. A charter member of John
Tucker post, No. 154, G. A. R., he has served as
its commander for the past three years, and has
recently been re-elected to that office. His wife
is an active member of the Woman's Relief Corps
and qf the Eastern Star. His interest and activity
thus touch many lines relating to material, social
and moral progress, and the legal and political
status of the community.

PERRY C. ALLEN.

Perry C. Allen, district agent for the Phoenix
Insurance Company of Brooklyn, New York,
agent for the Mutual Life Insurance Company of
New York, of the Royal Insurance Company of
Liverpool, England, the Northern Assurance

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

243

Company of London, England, and the Insurance
Company of North America at Philadelphia, was
born in Harrison county, Kentucky, on the 2Qth
of September, 1867, his parents being Joseph M.
and Ruth A. (Wells) Allen, of Pike county. The
father was born in Kentucky and was a son of
David Allen, also a native of that state. In Ken-
tucky he followed the occupation of farming
until 1865, when he came to Pike county, Illinois,
settling near Pittsfield upon a farm of one hun-
dred and six acres, which he purchased. Subse-
quently he sold that property and later bought
one hundred and eighty-four acres near Pleasant
Hill, carrying on general agricultural pursuits
there until 1891, when he sold out and returned
to Kentucky, where he was born, in order that he
might take care of his aged father. He, however,
became ill and died before his father. He passed
away in 1893, at the age of eighty-sixyears, while
Joseph M. Allen died in 1891, at the age of fifty-
four years. His widow is still living and makes
her home in Pittsfield. In their family were
four sons: Perry C.\ Will E., who married
Mamie Hoyl and lives in Pueblo, Colorado, where
he is engaged in mining; George W., living in
Pittsfield ; and Joseph C., also of this city.

Perry C. Allen acquired his education in the
common schools of this county and in the Gem
City Business College of Quincy, Illinois, and en-
tered business life for himself when twenty-six
years of age, becoming proprietor of a livery
stable which he conducted for three years, when
on account of losing his right arm as the result
of a fall he was obliged to sell out. After going
to St. Louis, however, and having his arm am-
putated he resumed business as a liveryman and
continued in that line for two years, when failing
health again obliged him to sell out and he
turned his attention to the insurance business in
1897. To this he has since given his time and
energies. He entered the employ of the Phoenix
Insurance Company, and was so successful that
in 1904 he was promoted to the position of dis-
trict agent in association with his former partner,
G. H. Wike, of Barry, Illinois. He is now dis-
trict agent for the Phoenix Insurance Company
for western Illinois, appointing agents and super-
intending their work in this part of the state. He

also represents the Mutual Life Insurance Com-
pany of New York, the Royal Insurance Com-
pany of Liverpool, England, the Northern Assur-
ance Company of North America and writes a
large amount of business each year. He is also
coal oil inspector for Pike county.

In 1892 Mr. Allen was united in marriage to
Miss Minnie Sitton, of Nebo, Illinois, and they
had two children: Merrill, born in 1894; and
Minnie in 1896. The wife and mother died in the
latter year, and Mr. Allen has again been mar-
ried, Miss Daisy Hawkins, of Cincinnati, Ohio,
becoming his wife ii> 1903. They have one child,
Marion, born in 1904.

In his political views Mr. Allen is a democrat
and for four years has held the office of justice
of the peace. He belongs to Pericles lodge, No.
428, Knights of Pythias, at Perry, Illinois, is a
member of the Fraternal Mystic Circle of Colum-
bus, Ohio, and the tribe of Ben Hur at Craw-
fordsville, Indiana. His religious faith is indi-
cated by his membership in the Christian church,
while his wife is a member of the Methodist
church. He owns a beautiful home in the south-
eastern part of Pittsfield, standing in the midst
of a half block of land. It is indeed one of the
finest and most attractive residences of the city,
pleasantly situated about two blocks from the
public square. He has his office on the west side
of the square with the Pike County Abstract
Company, and is justly regarded as a most ener-
getic, enterprising man, who in his business ex-
emplifies the typical spirit of the west.

GEORGE W. SMITH

George W: Smith, who carries on general
agricultural pursuits on section 35, Hardin town-
ship, and is also well known as a stock-raiser and
feeder, has a farm of one hundred and fifty-five
acres, which is well improved. It is a valuable
tract of land, responding readily to the care and
labor bestowed upon it. Mr. Smith has been a
lifelong representative of agricultural interests
in Pike county. His birth occurred in Hadley
township, September 24, 1868, his parents being
Jesse A. and Elizabeth (Robertson) Smith. The

244

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTS.

father was a native of Virginia and was a son
of Jesse B. Smith, whose birth also occurred in
the Old Dominion, whence he removed with his
family to Illinois about 1847, settling in Pike
county. Here Jesse A. Smith on arriving at years
of maturity wedded Mrs. Elizabeth Robertson,
nee Montgomery. He chose fanning as a life
work and improved a tract of land in Hadley
township, where he lived for some years, after
which he removed to Pleasant Hill township.. He
afterward began the development of another farm,
upon which he continued for several years, and
reared his family there. Eventually he disposed
of that ' property and bought the place upon
which his son, George W. Smith, now resides,
owning there one hundred and twenty acres of
rich and arable land. He continued the work
of farming and further improving the property
and he built to and remodeled his house. In
all of his labor he was energetic and progressive
and the splendid appearance of his property was
indicative of his life of activity and unfaltering
determination. He spent his remaining days
upon the old farm homestead, here passing away
in 1899, while his wife died the year previous.
In the family were three children : George W.,
of this review ; Jesse, a resident farmer of Hardiri
township ; and Margaret, who became the wife
of Samuel Windmiller, but both are now de-
ceased.

George W. Smith largely passed his youth
in Pleasant Hill township, where he acquired a
common-school education. He remained with
his father until the latter's death and assisted in
carrying on the work of the home farm. Fol-
lowing his father's demise he took charge of the
property and business, succeeding to a part of the
old homestead. On the 3ist of August, 1894, he
was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Lord, who
was born and reared in Martinsburg township,
and is a daughter of Curtis Lord, one of the early
settlers from Indiana. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have
had no children of their own but have reared the
two children of a deceased sister, Anna and C.
Bliss Windmiller. The latter is a student in the
home school.

Politically Mr. Smith is a democrat and cast
his first presidential ballot for William Jennings

Bryan. He was elected and served for two terms
as assessor and is recognized as an active worker
in the ranks of his party, serving as a delegate to
county conventions and doing all in his power to
promote democratic successes. His wife is a mem-
ber of the Church of Christ of Martinsburg. Mr.
Smith is recognized as one of the active, pros-
perous and well-to-do agriculturists of Hardin
township, carefully carrying on the work of
the fields as well as stock-raising. His entire
life has been passed in Pike county, where he is
recognized as a man of good business ability,
having the confidence and esteem of the commu-
nity. His home is one of hospitality and good
cheer and he and his estimable wife have a large
circle of warm friends.

JAMES A. FARRAND.

James A. Farrand, one of the organizers of the
Illinois Valley Bank of Griggsville and now
serving as second vice-president of that institu-
tion, was born in this city, September 16, 1854.
The Farrands were descended from a French Hu-
guenot family, whose estates were forfeited in the
persecution of the sixteenth and early part of the
seventeenth centuries. Some of the family, es-
caping from France, appear to have settled in
England on the border of Wales, while others
went to the north of Ireland and tradition says
that the branch of the family to which our subject
belongs was descended from those who became
residents of the Emerald Isle. In France the
name was sometimes spelled Ferrand. James A.
Farrand traces his ancestry back to Nathaniel,
who became a resident of Milford, Connecticut,
in 1645 and comes on down the line through
Nathaniel Farrand, second; Samuel Farrand, who
toward the close of the seventeenth century settled
in Newark, New Jersey ; Ebenezer Farrand, who
lived in Bloomfield, New Jersey, to Bethuel Far-
rand, who lived in Parsippany, Morris county,
New Jersey, and who was the great-grandfather
of our subject. He was enrolled among the Jersey-
provincials, held a lieutenant's commission and

J. A. FARRAND

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

247

commanded a company of troops in the Revolu-
tionary war, serving with honor and distinction.
His wife, Rhoda SmitU Farrand, was the heroine
of a ballad written by her great-granddaughter,
Eleanor A. Hunter, celebrating her arduous and
heroic work in behalf of the soldiers in response
to a letter from her husband, who told of the hard
conditions which the army were undergoing at
Morristown, that many of the men were bare-
footed and were walking with bleeding feet in the
snow. He sent his letter with a request for stock-
ings and immediately setting her daughters to
work at the task of knitting them she instructed
her son Dan to hitch the horses to the wagon and
drive to the neighbors to solicit their aid and on
the way Mrs. Farrand, seated in a chair, also con-
tinued the work of knitting. She took her famous
ride on Saturday and on Monday, owing to the
untiring industry of the women and girls of the
neighborhood, she was able to carry one hundred
and thirty-three pairs to the soldiers at Morris-
town. The marriage of Bethuel Farrand and
Rhoda Smith occurred in 1762 and they became
the parents of eleven children.

Samuel Farrand, the seventh child of this fam-
ily, was born September 7, 1781, and was married
in 1806 to Mary Kitchel, who was born June 14,
1789. They removed to Leoni, Michigan, in 1835
and there shared in the hardships of frontier life.
Samuel Farrand died in 1848, while his wife's
death occurred in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1856.

Their son, Elbridge Gerry Farrand, was the
father of James A. Farrand and was born in Ad-
dison county, Vermont, November 13, 1814. He
was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Mc-
Williams, a daughter of James McWilliams, who
was born in Belmont county, Ohio, March 12,
1802, and was a son of Alexander McWilliams,
who was born on shipboard while his parents
were en route to America in 1776. He was of
Scotch descent and the family home was estab-
lished at Brownsville, Pennsylvania, where Alex-
ander McWilliams acquired his education. At
the age of twenty-two years he married Miss Jane
Paxton, of Fayette county, Pennsylvania, and
unto them were born three children, of whom
James was the youngest. The mother died in
1803 and the father afterward married again, hav-

ing eleven children by the second union. He died
at his home in Ohio at the age of sixty-five years.

James McWillams. the maternal grandfather of
James A. Farrand, acquired the greater part of
his education in the schools of Ohio and in his
youth was largely employed on his father's farm.
In 1824 he married Margaret Latimer, a daughter
of Alexander Latimer, formerly of Scotland. They
had a family of eight children and in 1834 Mr.
McWilliams removed to Illinois, spending the
succeeding winter at Naples. In the spring of
1835 he took up his abode on a farm near Griggs-
ville, Pike county, -and on the 28th of December.
1838, his w1fe.died'there. In June, 1839, he mar-
ried Lucretia Prescott,.a native of Groton, Massa-
chusetts. In 1838 Mr.*M«Williams was elected
to the Illinois legislature from Pike county on the
democratic ticket, serving during the last session
held at Vandalia and the first session held in
Springfield. In 1848 he engaged in the lumber
trade, which business he carried on for many
years. During the period of the Civil war he was
a stanch supporter of Lincoln's administration and
his son, Captain John McWilliams, served for
ninety days in the Eighth Regiment of Illinois
Volunteers, commanded by Colonel Richard
Oglesby. Immediately after returning home he
re-enlisted and was with Sherman on the cele-
brated march to the sea.

Elbridge G. Farrand left his native state at the
age of eighteen years and went to Michigan,
where he remained until 1845, m which year he
removed to Morgan county, Illinois. In 1849 ne
went to California, where he remained until 1852,
when he returned to Morgan county, Illinois, but
soon afterward came to Griggsville. Here he was
a member of the mercantile firm of R. B. Hatch &
Company, who erected a business block and for a
number of years conducted a leading mercantile
enterprise of this city. In 1861 he embarked in
the lumber business at Griggsville Landing in
connection with his father-in-law, Hon. James
McWilliams, and they dealt in doors, sash, blinds,
etc., carrying a stock valued at from twelve to
fifteen thousand dollars. Mr. Farrand was asso-
ciated with his father-in-law till the latter's death,
after which he continued the business alone until
March, 1885, when he sold out with the intention

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of living retired, but he passed away soon after-
ward on the 2d of May of that year.

Following his marriage Elbridge Gerry Far-
rand became a resident of Griggsville, Illinois,
where he remained up to the time of his death,
which occurred May 2, 1885. He had four chil-
dren : James A. ; Mulford K., who was born De-
cember 28, 1856, and is engaged in farming in
Pittsfield township; Harvey L., who was born
September 27, 1859, and is a mining broker re-
siding in Joplin, Missouri ; and Frederick H., who
was born April 24, 1871, and is cashier of the
Illinois Valley Bank at Griggsville. Mr. Farrand
was well known as a man of modest retiring dis-
position but of firm convictions and of untarnished
integrity and those most closely connected with
him in his business relations throughout all the
years of his residence in Griggsville never had
occasion to doubt his honor nor honesty. His
wife, who was born at Scotch Ridge, Belmont
county, Ohio, July 3, 1827, survived him for a
number of years, passing away January 23, 1903..
The eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Mc-
Williams, she came with her parents during the
fall of 1834 to Illinois, the prospective point of
settlement being Tremont in Tazewell county, but
the closing of the Illinois river prevented farther
progress, and, November 20, the family landed
at Naples, where the winter was spent. Being at-
tracted by the agricultural features of this section
of the country, Mr. McWilliams came to Griggs-
ville, purchasing the farm now owned by John
Craven, and many will recall the interesting rem-
iniscences of the pioneer life of that time which
Mrs. Farrand never tired of relating. Possessing
a marvelous memory, her mind was a store house
of information, especially concerning the early
history of this place, and none questioned the ac-
curacy of her statements. December 28, 1838,
the family removed to the town, and the following
year the house, which by a strange coincidence, is
now the home of Mr. Craven, was erected and for
seventeen years was the family residence. Eliza-
beth J. McWilliams was married October 25,
1853, to Mr. Elbridge Gerry Farrand, and in 1854
the house was built under whose roof were reared
the four sons, James Alexander, Mulford Kitchel,
Harvey Latimer and Frederick Heman. Her

generosity was so quietly, so unostentatiously be-
stowed, that many a benefaction escaped notice.
Beneath a somewhat rugged exterior beat a warm,
sympathetic heart, overflowing with love for her
four boys, which manifested itself in tenderest
care extending also to all boys for their sake.
Many a man now in middle life will recall the time
spent with the "Farrand boys" around the even-
ing lamp, while school task and game, story and
jest filled the quickly flying hours. The house
remains, but the home has gone with the strong
character which was its center. Only a memory
is left — the memory of a kind neighbor, a trusted
friend and a loving mother.

Phineas Farrand, a brother of Elbridge G. Far-
rand, was born at Bridgeport, Vermont, and was
married in 1836 in that state to Harriet Wheelock.
The same year he removed to Jackson, Michigan,
and became a member of the law firm of Farrand,
Higbee & Johnson, which was the first law firm
in that place. Following his death in 1855, his
widow removed to Lansing, where she died in her
seventieth year. She had been a member of the
Episcopal church for nearly forty years.

James A. Farrand pursued his education in the
public schools and worked in his father's lumber-
yard until August i, 1873, on which date the
Griggsville National Bank was organized and he
became bookkeeper and assistant cashier in that
institution. Later he was promoted to the posi-
tion of cashier in 1893 and so continued until
1901, when he and his brother Frederick organ-
ized the Illinois Valley Bank, which opened its
doors for business on the 24th of September, 1902.
He is now the second vice president of the insti-
tution, which constitutes his connection with the
business interests of Griggsville at the present
time.

Mr. Farrand was married in Quincy, Illinois,
April 29, 1903, to Miss Annie Craven, the wed-
ding being celebrated in the cathedral by the Rev.
Walter H. Moore, dean of the diocese. Mrs. Far-
rand was born in Griggsville township, February
26, 1869, and is a daughter of John and Henrietta
(George) Craven, who are mentioned on another
page of- this work. Mr. and Mrs. Farrand now
have one child, Henrietta Crowther, who was
born February 10, 1905. Mr. Farrand belongs to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

249

Griggsville lodge, No 45, A. F. & A. M., and
to the Royal Arch chapter at Perry and Ascalon
commandery, No. 49, K. T., at Pittsfield. In pol-
itics he is a stalwart republican and has been reg-
ognized as one of the leaders of his party for
many years. He has acted as supervisor of
Griggsville township for seven years, has been a
member of the school board for eighteen years
and was the first city treasurer of Griggsville, be-
ing chosen to the office on the isth of April, 1879.
His wife is eligible to membership in the Daugh-
ters of the Revolution on the Farrand side of the
family. Since Elbridge Gerry Farrand came to
Griggsville at an early day the family name has
figured prominently in connection with public af-
fairs, with business progress and with the work
of general improvement and advancement here
and Mr. Farrand is to-day one of the prominent
and influential business men and leading citizens,
his capability and genuine personal worth well
entitling him to the high position which he occu-
pies in the public regard.

H. B. ANDREW, M. D.

H. B. Andrew, a successful medical practitioner
of New Salem, was born in New Salem, Pike
county, in 1872, and is a son of John and H. L.
(Fisher) Andrew. The father was born in Lin-
colnshire, England, February 26, 1840, and was
fourteen years of age when he crossed the Atlan-
tic to the United States, becoming a resident of
Lockport, Will county, Illinois. In December,
1855, he took up his abode in Pike county, and
at New Canton received the rudiments of a good
English education. In early manhood he devoted
several years to farming and at the outbreak of
the Civil war put aside all business and personal
considerations to become a member of Company
K, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, commanded by
Colonel Bailey, in June, 1862. The regiment
soon went to the front and he participated in the
battles of Port Gibson, Champion Hill and the
siege of Vicksburg. He joined the army as a
private but was at once made sergeant, afterward
orderly and, subsequent to the charge at Vicks-

burg, was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant
and was in command of a company throughout
the greater part of the siege of Vicksburg. He
was mustered out in August, 1863, and following
his return home engaged in the drug business in
New Salem, Illinois. He has been engaged almost
continuously since in merchandising in New
Salem and now carries a large and well selected
line of general goods and is very successful in
the control and management of his business. When
he arrived in New Canton, Illinois, he was a poor,
uneducated youth of sixteen years of age who,
desirous of acquiring broader knowledge, entered
school there and eventually became a teacher of
that same school. As a merchant he is widely
known because of his reliability in business af-
fairs, his enterprise and keen discrimination. He
was married, in October, 1863, to Miss Martha
A. Temple, also of New Salem, and they had one
son. The mother died about two years after her
marriage and the son survived the mother's death
for only two weeks. About three years later Mr.
Andrew wedded Miss H. L. Fisher, also of New
Salem, and to them were born six children : H. B.
Andrew, of this review; Charles F., who is a
graduate of the Missouri Medical College, of
St. Louis, and is now a professor in the medical
department of the University of Colorado and
also chairman of the state commission for insane
in Colorado ; John, who is a graduate of Lombard
College and is now in Longmont, Colorado ; W.
B., who is a graduate of the same school of Gales-
burg, Illinois, and is now jn Denver, Colorado;
Mary Maud, who was also graduated in Gales-
burg and is now engaged in teaching school ; and
Alice, who is at home.

H. B. Andrew pursued his early education in
the schools of New Salem and afterward attended
Lombard University, at Galesburg, Illinois. Sub-
sequently he engaged in teaching school for two
.years, from 1890 until 1892, and then entered the
Missouri Medical College at St. Louis in 1893,
being graduated therefrom in 1896. He entered
the active practice of his profession in Colorado,
remaining for two years at Longmont, after
which he came to New Salem, Illinois, where he
has since remained. He lias a large and gratify-
ing practice, his business bringing to him a good

250

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

financial return annually. He practices along
scientific lines, keening in touch with modern re-
search and his efforts have been attended with a
gratifying measure of success.

On the 30th of November, 1898, Dr. Andrew
was married to Miss Jennette Ramsay, who was
born on PrinceEdward Island and came to Amer-
ica with her parents in early childhood. Her father
located in Colorado and was engaged in the gro-
cery business for many years at Longmont, but
is now giving his attention to the commission
business. The marriage of Dr. and Mrs. Andrew
was celebrated in Illinois and has been blessed
with two children : John Ramsay, born Septem-
ber 3, 1899; and Helen, born April 18, 1901.

Dr. Andrew is a republican but has never held
any office, preferring to give his undivided atten-
tion to his professional duties. In addition to a
large private practice he is acting as examiner of
several old-line insurance companies, including
the New York Mutual, the New York Life, the
Equitable and the Manhattan. He belongs to the
Masonic lodge at New Salem and in the line of
his profession is connected with the Pike County
Medical Association. He is interested in all that
tends to promote the efficiency of medical practi-
tioners and in his chosen work has rendered valu-
able aid to his fellowmen.

AUGUSTUS DOW.

Augustus Dow, a leading representative of
commercial and industrial interests in Pittsfield
and also a prominent factor in public life, having
been honored by election to the state legislature,
where his official services reflected honor upon
the constituency that had called him to office, was
born in South Coventry, Tolland county, Connec-
ticut, on the gth of October, 1841. His parents,
Cyrus and Charity A. (Chapman) Dow, were of
Scotch descent. The father was born in the year
1800 and died in 1855, when scarcely past the
prime of life, but the mother reached the ad-
vanced age of ninety-three years, passing away
in Connecticut on the I2th of March, 1905.

In the public schools of his native town Au-
gustus Dow began his education and afterward

attended an academy, pursuing a good practical
course of study. He entered upon his business
career in the capacity of a clerk at Hartford,
Connecticut, but wisely thinking the great west,
which Illinois was then considered, would offer
better opportunities to a young man of energy
and determination than could be secured in the
older towns of the east, he came to Pike county,
Illinois, in 1858, bringing with him good busi-
ness habits, laudable ambition and strong deter-
mination. He accepted a position as clerk in a
store in Pittsfield and was employed in that ca-
pacity until 1862, when he entered the service
of the government, being appointed paying clerk
of the Army of the Cumberland under Major W.
E. Norris with headquarters at Louisville, Ken-
tucky. There he remained until 1865. During
the time that he was connected with this depart-
ment he paid to the troops nine million dollars
and carried as much as three hundred thousand
dollars at one time. He was then about twenty-
two years of age — a young man for such respon-
sibility— but his duties were most faithfully dis-
charged and not a cent was lost in the transac-
tions.

After the close of the war Mr. Dow returned
to Pittsfield and established himself as a dry-
goods merchant, continuing in the business until
1872, when he joined C. P. Chapman in the mill-
ing business. He has devoted himself strictly
to the work, soon gaining a full understanding
of milling in all of its details, and as the years
passed developed a large and profitable enter-
prise. In 1898 Mr. Chapman died and Mr. Dow
admitted Mr. Chapman's son-in-law, M. D. King,
to a partnership, so that the firm is now Dow
& King. The mill which they owned and op-
erated was built in 1870 and therein their prod-
ucts were manufactured until 1900, when the
mill was destroyed by fire. The firm then rebuilt
as soon as the insurance was adjusted. The new
mill has a greater storage capacity than the old
one and is one of the most modern and best
equipped plants of the kind in the state, its ca-
pacity being six hundred barrels per day. The
old plant was built as a burr mill, but in 1883
the roller process was installed. In March, 1902,
the elevator was burned, but was immediately

AUGUSTUS DOW

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

253

rebuilt on a more expensive scale, its capacity
exceeding the old one by forty thousand bushels,
its present capacity being one hundred and twenty
thousand. The principal brands of flour manu-
factured by the firm are Crystal Gem, Principia,
Superlative and Dow's Dew Drop. The capacity
of the mill is six hundred barrels of flour and the
company manufactures all of its barrels, having
a large brick cooper shop in the rear. They fur-
nish employment to about fifty men altogether,
so that the enterprise is a most creditable one
to the city as well as a source of gratifying in-
come to the proprietors,

Mr. Dow has figured prominently in public af-
fairs and in 1892 was elected to the state legis-
lature for a two-years' term. While acting as
a member of the house he served, on the com-
mittees on canals, river improvements, commerce,
drainage, state municipality, indebtedness, and
on the visiting committee to charitable institutions,
and he gave to each question which came up for
settlement his careful consideration and he ably
represented his constituents, his course reflecting
honor upon the county that honored him. In
1894 he was appointed one of the trustees of the
Illinois Institution for the Blind at Jacksonville
and served for four years, during which time
Hon. N. W. Branson was president, while Hon.
Augustus Dow and Hon. Edward Rew, of Chi-
cago, were trustees and Frank H. Hall, superin-
tendent of the institution. Mr. Dow is widely
recognized as one of the leading republicans of
Pittsfield and has been a member of the central
committee. He has also figured prominently in
municipal politics, being mayor of Pittsfield for
four years and president of the central board for
a number of years. He has likewise been a mem-
ber of the county board of supervisors, and his
excellent business talents and executive ability
made him an enviable official. He is one of the
directors of the First National Bank of Pitts-
field and was one of the trustees that built the
Opera House in this city. He has been con-
nected with all of the improvement of a local
nature and his name stands high in financial cir-
cles far beyond the limits of the county.

Mr. Dow has been married three times. He
first wedded Miss Jennie E. Winans in 1865. She

was a native of New Jersey, born in 1841, and
her death occurred in 1870. In 1872, in St. Louis,
Missouri, Mr. Dow was married to Judith W.
Morton, who was born in Massachusetts in 1840,
and they had one son, Harry A., who spent two
years as a student in the Illinois College, four
years at Yale and three years in the law depart-
ment of the University of Michigan at Ann Ar-
bor. He is now private secretary and attorney
for N. W. Harris & Company, of Chicago, the
largest bond house in the United States. On
the 2ist of September, 1904, he married Miss
Florence Bachelder, of Ypsilanti, and they now
reside in Chicago. Mr. Dow, in company with
his son Harry, traveled abroad, visiting England,
Ireland, Scotland and France. Following the
death of his second wife, in 1887, Mr. Dow was
married to Mrs. Mary S. Bates, who had one
daughter, Sarah, now the wife of Fred Utt, a
druggist residing at Glen Ellyn, Illinois.

Mr. and Mrs. Dow hold membership in the
Congregational church, in which 'he* has been
a trustee for many year*: "*He .owns a beautiful
home in Pittsfield and has been a residerif of this
city since 1858. He is not only well known in
Pike county, but throughout this section of Illi-
nois. His trade extends over a wide territory,
and in this connection he has been the promoter
of what has become one of the leading industrial
enterprises of Pittsfield. His success has been
the result of honest, persistent effort in the line
of honorable and manly dealing. His aims have
been to attain to the best, and he has carried for-
ward to successful completion whatever he has
undertaken. His life has marked a steady growth
and now he is in possession of an ample com-
petence and, more than all, has that contentment
that comes from a consciousness of having lived
for an honorable purpose.

WILLIAM OLIVER SKINNER, M. D.

Dr. William Oliver Skinner, physician and
surgeon of Griggsville, whose ability in the line
of his profession has gained him a constantly
growing practice, was born in Franklin county,

254

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Pennsylvania, January i, 1848, a son of John
and Ann E. (Barclay) Skinner. Both were natives
of the Keystone state, the former born in 1815.
He was a tanner and farmer and conducted a
tannery at Fannettsburg, Pennsylvania, for many
years. He was a prominent and influential resi-
dent of that community and his last days were
spent upon his farm in Franklin county, where he
passed away in 1863, at the age of forty-eight years.
His wife long survived him and died in 1892, at
the age of seventy-seven years. In the family
of this worthy couple were nine children, of whom
five are now living : David H., who resides in
Belleville, Kansas; Mrs. Mollie Elder, a resident
of Dry Run, Pennsylvania; Sadie, living at Blair's
Mills, Pennsylvania; Mattie, the wife of Dr.
Shope, of Dry Run, Pennsylvania, and Wil-
liam O.

Dr. Skinner supplemented his early education
by an academic course and prepared for his pro-
fession as a medical student in the University of
Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated with
the class of 1874. He located for practice in
Harrisonville, Pennsylvania, and afterward fol-
lowed his profession in Dry Run, Pennsylvania,
until 1876, when he came to Griggsville,
where he has practiced continuously since
the spring of 1877. He has been presi-
dent of the board of pension examiners, fill-
president of the board of pension examiners, fill-
ing the position under President Cleveland, and
he has had a large private practice, which has
brought him a good financial return. Conscientious
in the discharge of his duties, and manifesting
strict conformity to a high standard of profes-
sional ethics, he has won the trust of the general
public and the respect of his professional brethren.

On the loth of June, 1874, Dr. Skinner was
married to Miss Fannie Brown, who was born in
Griggsville township, May 17, 1852, a daughter
of Henry R. Brown, who first married Harriet
Parks. There was one child of that marriage
but the mother and child both died and Mr.
Brown afterward married Elizabeth Jane Chap-
man. They became the parents of eight chil-
dren, of whom five are now living: John,
a resident of Kansas; Mrs. Mary J. Wat-
kins, who is living in Pike county ; Mrs.
Skinner; C. W., who is now living in Kansas;

and William W., who resides upon the old home-
stead. The father, who was a native of Ohio,
died in 1902, at the venerable age of eighty-two
years, while Mrs. Brown, a native of South Caro-
lina, is now living on the old homestead at the
age of eighty-three years, being the last survivor
of a family of twenty members. Mr. Brown, hav-
ing come to Illinois with his parents at an early
date, started in life with little capital, but made
a success at farming and stock-raising and be-
came the owner of land in both Kansas and Illi-
nois, and at his death left an estate valued at
about seventy-five thousand dollars. Such a rec-
ord should serve to inspire and encourage others,
showing what can be accomplished through de-
termined and earnest purpose. He never cared
for public office, but voted with the republican
party and gave his earnest support to the Bap-
tist church, with which he long held membership.

Unto Dr. and Mrs. Skinner have been born
three children : Harry R., who was born June 30,
1875, and married Blanche Wade; Floyd L., born
June 7, 1879; and William K.. who was born
June 24, 1884, and is now attending the law de-
partment of the University of Illinois.

In his political views Dr. Skinner is a demo-
crat and upon the party ticket was elected mayor
of Griggsville, giving to the city a public-spirited
and progressive administration during his two
years' incumbency. He is a public-spirited
man whose devotion to the general good is mani-
fest in tangible effort for all that tends to promote
the material, intellectual and social progress of
the city.

THOMAS B. ELLIS."

Thomas B. Ellis, a retired farmer who was
formerly closely associated with agricultural in-
terests in Detroit township but now resides in
Pittsfield, was born in Lockport, Erie county,
New York, November 8, 1832, his parents being
Thomas and Elizabeth (Brooks) Ellis. The fa-
ther was born in Oxfordshire, England, in 1808,
and in that country was married to Miss Brooks,
whose birth occurred in 1804. On the day of
their marriage they started for the new world
and were nine weeks in crossing the ocean on a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

255

sailing vessel. Landing at New York in 1831,
they made their way to Erie county in the Em-
pire state, where they resided until 1835, when
they came to Pike county, Illinois. The father
had owned a farm in Erie county which he sold
on his removal to the west and on reaching
Pike county he invested in school land in De-
troit township, where he spent his remaining
days, becoming the owner of between six and
seven hundred acres. His landed possessions
were thus extensive and indicated a life of use-
fulness and activity. Unto him and his wife were
born seven children, of whom four are now liv-
ing: Thomas B. ; John B.. who makes his home
in Detroit, Illinois ; Peter, who is living in Cali-
fornia; and Mrs. Elizabeth Blizzard, also of De-
troit township. In early life the parents were
followers of the Episcopal faith but in later years
became members of the Methodist 'church. Mr.
Ellis was a republican in his political views and
served as school director, taking an active inter-
est in educational affairs. He died in the year
1867, while his wife passed away in 1888.

Thomas B. Ellis acquired his early education
in the common schools of Detroit township, the
little "temple of learning" being a log school-
house. When he put aside his text-books he
began farming on the old homestead and later
he purchased a farm of one hundred and forty
acres on section 15, Detroit township, to the cul-
tivation of which he devoted his energies with
excellent success from 1857 until 1883. He then
returned to the old home farm and again re-
sumed the work of cultivation and improvement
there. His business labors, however, were inter-
rupted by active service in the Civil war, for in
1862 he enlisted in the Union army as a member
of Company C, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry,
with which he served for two years and eleven
months. During the first year he acted as wagon
master. The first battle in which he participated
was at Vicksburg, after which he was sent to
Xcw Orleans, where his company did provost
guard duty for a time. Subsequently they went
to Texas on the Powder Horn and afterward
were at Mobile, Alabama. When they went
around the Powder Horn in Texas the company
was mounted for a vear under Colonel Matthews.

Being detailed, they were sent to see about a
bridge, and Mr. Ellis and two comrades were
captured and taken to Camp Ford in Tyler,
Texas, where he was held as a prisoner of war
for six months but he underwent none of the
usual hard treatment which many of the Union
prisoners were forced to endure. When a half
year had gone by he was exchanged and re-
joined his regiment on the 22d of July, 1864. He
was with the Ninety-ninth Illinois at the time of
the capture of Spanish Fort and then because of
trouble with his eyes he was sent to the hospital
at Xew Orleans and thence to Philadelphia and
afterward to Chicago, where he. was discharged
July 13, 1865. For three years thereafter the
trouble with his eyes occasioned him serious in-
convenience.

Following his return home Mr. Ellis resumed
farming, purchasing three hundred and fifteen
acres of land in Detroit township, which he still
owns. He always carried on general farming
pursuits and stock-raising and both branches of
his business proved profitable. His fields were
placed under a high state of cultivation and he
raised good grades of stock so that the products
of fields and pasture both brought to him a good
financial return.

His wife owns a fine home in Pittsfield, where
they now reside, Mr. Ellis having retired from
active business cares to enjoy the rest to which
his former active labor justly entitles him.

It was in 1873 tnat Mr. Ellis was united in
marriage to Miss Frances Allen, who was born
in Saline county, Missouri, February 5, 1847, a
daughter of John W. and Louisa (Baker) Allen.
Her father was born October 21, 1814, and the
mother in 1824. The parental grandfather, Lit-
tlebury Allen, was born in Henrico county, Vir-
ginia, in 1767, and spent his entire life in that
locality. He married Jane Austin, who was also
born in that neighborhood and in the community
where he lived he was regarded as a man of
prominence and influence. He held various local
positions of public trust and was an official in the
United States Bank, a branch of which was es-
tablished at Richmond, Virginia, under a char-
ter by President Washington in 1796. He was
afterward doorkeeper of the state senate for

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

twenty-eight years and had a wide acquaintance
among the distinguished men of Virginia. He
died in the year 1832, having for several years
survived his wife who passed away in 1821.

John W. Allen, father of Mrs. Ellis, was born
in Virginia, ^ctober 21, 1814, and acquired his
elementary education in the little schoolhouse at
Seven Pines, while subsequently he pursued a
classical course in Cold Harbor, gaining a thor-
ough understanding of Latin, mathematics and
surveying. At the age of nineteen years he had
entered upon his' business career as a school
teacher in his native state and a year later went
to Kentucky, where he continued to follow that
profession. He made his home in the Blue
Grass state until 1841 when he was married and
removed to Saline county, Missouri, locating on
a tract of land which he cultivated until 1847,
at the same time continuing his work as a teacher.
In the latter year he came to Pike county, Illinois,
locating at Milton, where he taught school for a
number of years and he likewise carried on farm-
ing in Detroit and Montezuma townships.
Throughout his entire life he was interested in
agricultural pursuits and as an educator did
much for the intellectual development of the lo-
calities with which he was connected. He figured
prominently in public affairs in Pike county and
from 1861 until 1865 served as county judge. He
was also supervisor of Detroit township for sev-
eral years and his influence was ever on the side
of progress, reform, improvement and develpp-
ment. In his family were twelve children, of
whom five are yet living, namely : Dr. C. I. Allen,
of Milton; Mrs. Ellis; Mrs. j. Morton, of St.
Louis : Henry L. Allen, of Kansas ; and Dr. A.
R. Allen, of Bradshaw, Nebraska.

Mrs. Ellis began her education in the common
schools of Detroit township and afterward con-
tinued her studies in Pittsfield and subsequently
engaged in teaching for three years. She is a
lady of refinement and culture and she and her
husband are accorded a prominent position in
social circles here. They have become the parents
of seven children : Thomas H., who was born
July II, 1874, married Alberta Elliot and lives
in Detroit, Illinois. John A., born October 14,
1875, married Maud Elliot and lives on the old

homestead in Detroit township. Charles I. born
April 20, 1877, married Lenna Scarborough and
is living in Detroit township. Elizabeth, born
August 31, 1879, is in a training school for nurses
in Chicago. Louise, born July 2, 1881, is at home.
Arthur C., born September 21, 1883, is living
on the old homestead farm with his brother.
Richard M., born August i, 1885, is attending
the Gem City Business College, at Quincy,
Illinois.

The parents are members of the Methodist
church and Mr. Ellis belongs to Benjamin Moore
post, G. A. R., of Detroit. He gives his political
support to the republican party and his sons, John
A. and Thomas, have each served as assessor of
Detroit township. In matters of citizenship Mr.
Ellis is as faithful and loyal to his home localit,
his state and nation as when he followed the old
flag upon Southern battle-fields. He made a cred-
itable record as a soldier, doing his full duty
toward the cause he espoused and in all life's
relations he has manifested an unfaltering attach-
ment to the principles in which he has believed
and the honorable course of life which he has
marked out. His business interests, honorably
conducted, have brought him creditable success
so that now he is enabled to enjoy a well earned
rest in Pittsfield.

WILLIAM STULTS.

William Stults, living on section 14, Newburg
township, is a veteran of the Civil war — one of the
few remaining old soldiers who can relate from
personal experience the events and happenings of
the 'boys in blue" who fought for the old flag
upon southern battle-fields. He is now classed
with the prosperous farmers and stock-raisers of
Pike count}', where he owns a good farm of one
hundred and sixty acres. He dates his residence
in Newburg township from 1867, having come
to this state from Ohio. His birth occurred in
Highland county, Ohio, October 15, 1841. There
the birth of his father, Joseph Stults, also occurred
and in that county he was married to Miss Ruth
Tedrow, also a native of the same locality. The

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

257

father's death occurred when his son William
was very young and the mother died when he was
six or seven years of age, therefore Mr. Stults of
this review has depended upon his own resources
from early youth, so that whatever success he
has obtained is attributable entirely to his own
efforts. He obtained a common-school education
and worked by the month as a farm hand for
several years, early learning the value of industry
and enterprise as concomitant factors in a success-
ful career. At the time of the Civil war, how-
ever, he put aside all business and personal con-
siderations, enlisting for active service on the 1st
of June, 1861, as a member of Company I, Twen-
ty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He joined
the army for three years and did active service
in Tennessee and other parts of the south. He
was in the engagement at Shiloh and in the bat-
tles of Stone River and Chickamauga. At the
last named he was taken prisoner and was incar-
cerated at Richmond and at Danville, Virginia,
subsequent to which time he was sent to Ander-
sonville and afterward to Charleston and Florence,
thus being in five different rebel prisons, being
held for one thousand four hundred and twenty
days. At length he was paroled and passed
through the lines at Charleston. For eight months
after the term of his enlistment he continued with
the army, serving until January, 1865, when he
returned home after being honorably discharged
at Columbus, Ohio. He made a creditable mili-
tary record, never faltering in the performance
of duty whether on the picket line or on the firing
line.

Following the war William Stults gave his at-
tention to farming in Ohio until 1867, when he
came to Pike county, Illinois. Here he was again
employed by the month at farm labor until he was
enabled to begin farming on his own account.
On the ist of October, 1874, he wedded Miss
Ellen Kiser, a native of this county, who was
born and reared here and is a daughter of Jacob
Kiser, one of the early settlers of Virginia, who
removed from the Old Dominion to Ohio and
afterward became a resident of Indiana. They
have had no children but took Belle Fereman to
raise when she was seven years of age. She
remained with them until her marriage to George

Stephenson. She died November 9, 1905. After
his marriage Mr. Stults located on the eighty
acres adjoining his present farm. He first bought
seventy-eight acres which he cultivated and im-
proved and afterward he purchased the eighty
acres upon which he is now living, having alto-
gether a valuable property of one hundred and
sixtv acres. Here he has built a substantial resi-
dence in modern style of architecture. He also
has good barns upon the place and well kept
fences. He carries on stock-raising, making a
specialty of sheep and is well known in this
regard, producing some fine animals upon his
place. Politically Mr. Stults has socialistic ten-
dencies. He has, however, been without aspir-
ation for office and would never consent to become
a candidate for political preferment. He is a
member of Detroit lodge, I. O. O. F., and the
Modern Woodmen camp and both he and his
wife are connected with the Rebekah degree of
the former. Mr. Stults is one who has achieved
success in the face of difficulties and obstacles.
He started out in life empty-handed but he soon
came to a realization of the worth and value of
earnest, persistent labor, and through his enter-
prise and unfaltering diligence he has steadily
worked his way upward to success.

HENRY S. LOYD..

No history of the commercial advancement and
development of Pittsfield would be complete with-
out mention of Henry S.Loyd,now deceased, who
for many years was connected with the hardware
trade and whose life of activity and honor char-
acterized by close adherance to a high standard
of commercial ethics won for him the trust and
good will of his fellowmen. He was born in York,
Pennsylvania, on the i6th of January, 1839, an^
was a son of John Loyd, also a native of the Key-
stone state. His boyhood and youth were passed
in that state and his education was acquired in the
common schools there. He entered upon his
business career as an employe in the hardware
store when eighteen years of age and for some
time was bookkeeper for Henry Small in York,

258

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Pennsylvania. He came to Pittsfield, Illinois,
when twenty-four years of age and established a
restaurant, which he conducted until re entered
the employ of Charles Adams, a dry-goods mer-
chant. Later he worked in a hardware store for
Dr. Seely and was with him for some time, when
he began in the hardware business on his own
account and to the conduct of his store devoted
his remaining days. As the years passed he de-
veloped the largest hardware enterprise in Pitts-
field, selling stoves, ranges and in fact all kinds
of shelf and heavy hardware and farm machinery.
His business methods were such as to neither seek
nor require disguise, his integrity standing as an
unquestioned fact in his career. He received a
very liberal share of the public patronage and won
the trust of his many customers by his straight-
forward dealing.

On the 5th of June, 1865, Mr. Loyd was united
in marriage with Miss Anna C. Wildin, also a
native of York, Pennsylvania, born in 1843. She
was a daughter of John Wildin, who came to this
country from Germany and the Loyd family was
also of German lineage although several gener-
ations of the family have resided in America. John
Wildin came to Pike county, Illinios, in 1857,
and turned his attention to carpenter work and
the business of a stone mason in this locality. In
his family were six children, of whom three are
now living. Mr. and Mrs. Loyd became the
parents of five children : Will, who is residing upon
a farm in Pike county : John, who is a tinner by
trade; Flora E., the wife of Wiley Sanderson;
Eunice, at home ; and Arthur, who is an elec-
trician of Pittsfield.

Mr. Loyd belonged to the Masonic fraternity
and the Modern Woodmen camp and he also
held membership in the Christian church in which
he served as deacon for three decades and was,
at one time, superintendent of the Sunday-school.
His wife yet belongs to that church. Mr. Loyd
died June 18, 1900. He was well liked by all
who knew him, possessed a kindly spirit and was
ever ready to help in any enterprise that tended
to aid the individual or the community. His suc-
cess was due to his own energy and the high ideals
which his laudable ambition placed before him.
Success in anv walk of life is an indication of

earnest endeavor and persevering effort — char-
acteristics that Mr. Loyd possessed in an eminent
degree. His influence could always be counted
upon in behalf of any movement for the advance-
ment of the interests of the home people, and his
views upon questions of public policy were pro-
nounced although he- never sought to figure promi-
nently in political office, preferring to give his
attention to his business affairs and the enjoyment
of his home life. Mrs. Loyd, still living in Pitts-
field, owns and occupies a fine residence in this
city and also has ten acres of land.

GAY WILLIAMSON.

Gay Williamson, a farmer residing in Pitts-
field, is a son of James and Ellen (Hayden)
Williamson. The father was native of Ohio, born
in 1838, and a son of Jesse Williamson, of
P>altimore, Maryland, who was of Irish descent.
After removing to Ohio the father followed the
occupation of farming and in 1857 he came with
his family to Pike county, Illinois, settling in
Xewburg township, where he purchased one hun-
dred and sixty acres of land. At once he began
development, cultivation and improvement of that
property and he spent his remaining days in Pike
county, his death occurring in 1894. His son,
James Williamson, was educated in the common
schools and at Pittsburg (Pennsylvania) Com-
mercial College. After coming to Pike county he
devoted his attention to general agricultural pur-
suits, having purchased a tract in Newburg town-
ship. He is now the owner of eighty acres of well
improved land, constituting an excellent farm and
has been placed under a high state of cultivation
and is improved with modern equipments. It
is devoted to the production of the crops best
adapted to soil and climate and in addition to his
property Mr. Williamson owns a grain elevator
and feed mill and is conducting a large and pro-
fitable business in Pittsfield. He makes his home,
however, upon his farm, which is pleasantly and
conveniently located about a mile west of the city.
His political views are in accord with republican
principles and he is a member of the Masonic

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

259

fraternity. Mr. Williamson is popular with his
fellow townsmen, is an upright, honorable and
energetic business man and is well liked by all
who know him. In his family are two children :
Orvey, who is cashier of the National Bank, at
Barry, Illinois ; and Gay, of this review.

In the public schools of Pittsfield Gay William-
son acquired his preliminary education which was
supplemented by a course in the Quincy Com-
mercial College. During his early manhood he
assisted his father in the mill and in the conduct
of the coal business for three years, and since
that time has devoted his attention to farm in-
terests. His wife owns three hundred and sixty
acres of fine land, of which three hundred acres
lie in New Salem township and the remainder in
Griggsville township. This is well improved prop-
erty in good condition of cultivation and upon
it substantial buildings have been erected. Mr.
Williamson superintends the farming interests
and is largely engaged in the raising of stock.
Being an excellent judge of domestic animals he
is thus enabled to make judicious purchases and
profitable sales and as a stock dealer is widely
known.

On the i8th of November, 1892, Mr. William-
son was married to Salena Carnes, who was born
in Griggsville township, a daughter of Richard
and Guldy E. (Moore) Carnes. The father was
born in Cadizville, Harrison county, Ohio, June
23, 1832, and was quite young when he accompa-
nied his father's family to Illinois. Mrs. Carnes
was born in Maryland, May 5, 1834, a daughter
of John and Sarah (Simpson) Moore, who after
residing for some time in Harrison township, Ohio,
removed to Adams cornty, Illinois, and subsequent-
ly came to Pike county, where they spent their re-
maining days. Thomas Carnes, the great-grandfa-
ther of Mrs. Williamson, served in the war of 1812.
John Carnes, grandfather of Mrs. Williamson,
was born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1812, and
was married to Miss Eliza Nelson, a native of the
same county, whose parents, however, were born
in Maryland and it is believed were of Scotch de-
scent. John Carnes and his wife occupied a farm
in their native county until 1854, when they came
to Pike county, Illinois, settling on a partially
improved tract of land in Griggsville township.

They were in limited circumstances when they
arrived in this .state but being industrious, per-
severing and prudent they met success in the con-
duct of their business interests and were even-
tually owners of a large farm. Mr. Carnes voted
the whig ticket and both he and his wife were
active in the work of the United Brethren church
and contributed generously to its support. Their
last days were spent in this county, Mr. Carnes
passing away in New Salem township in 1870,
some years after the death of his wife.

Richard Carnes, father of Mrs. Williamson,
had no educational privileges in his youth but in
the active affairs of the life learned many valuable
lessons, acquiring an excellent understanding of
agricultural interests and manifesting a keen in-
sight into business matters so that he became a
successful and prosperous farmer. As the years
passed by he invested in land until he became
the owner of fifteen hundred acres divided into
six farms and all well equipped with farm build-
ings. Unlike many who gain wealth through
their 'own efforts he was never sordid nor grasp-
ing but was very generous with his means, giving
liberally to the support of the church and various
local interests. Anxious that his children should
have good educational privileges and that the
other young people of the neighborhood might
enjoy every opportunity to acquire knowledge he
became a stanch advocate of the public-school
system and, did everything in his power to pro-
mote its efficiency. In politics he was a stalwart
republican and both he and his wife were devoted
and helpful members of the United Brethren
church. He became a prominent and influential
citizen as well as the wealthiest farmer of the
county. He shipped stock on an extensive scale
and in all his business undertakings met with
success. In his family were nine children, five
of whom are now living: Henry R., who is living
.retired in Griggsville township, married Lizzie
White and has three children, Hays, Maggie and
Emmett. George Carnes married Margaret White
and is living in Griggsville township. Edward
married Birdella Stone, of Quincy, and is engaged
in farming and stock shipping, making his home
in New Salem township. Mary A. is the wife of
Charles Nelson, of La Harpe, Illinois, where he

200

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

is engaged in the grocery and implement business
and is also a large land owner of Hancock county.
They have three children, Lela, Cecil and Ruby.
Mr. Carnes died July 26, 1902, leaving behind
a splendid property and an honored name. His
widow still resides upon the old home farm in
Griggsville township.

Mrs. Williamson was reared in Griggsville
township, and after attending the common schools
continued her education in Whitfield College. By
her marriage she has become the mother of five
children: Luella, born October 5, 1892; Mary
Helen, May 18, 1896; Presley C, July 21, 1900;
Birdella, October i, 1902; an,d Verdon G., June
i, 1904-

Mr. Williamson exercises his right of fran-
chise in support of the men and measures of the
republican party. He is a member of the Pike
County Mutual Association and his wife is a
member of the Congregational church. He owns
a beautiful home in Pittsfield, where they reside
in order to give their children the advantages of
the public schools of the city. Both Mr. and Mrs.
Williamson represent old families of Pike county
and are held in high esteem throughout this por-
tion of the state, enjoying the warm friendship
and kindly regard of all who know them.

HON. EDWARD DOOCY.

Hon. Edward Doocy, former county judge of
Pike county and a lawyer of ability, now serving
as master in chancery, was born at Griggsville,
Illinois, on the igth of October, 1851. He comes
of Irish lineage, his parents, James and Sarah
(Tracey) Doocy, being natives of County Tip-
perary, Ireland, whence they emigrated to Amer-
ica in 1848. They made their way directly to the
Mississippi valley and after about three years
passed in St. Louis, came to Pike county in
1851, at which time they took up their abode
in Griggsville. There the father continued to
reside until his death, which occurred in 1874.
His widow afterward removed to Pittsfield, where
she made her home for several years, and thence
removed to Springfield, where she died on March
7, 1903, aged seventy-nine years.

Judge Doocy was the eldest of seven children,
five of whom are yet living. He continued his
studies through successive grades of the public
schools until he had graduated from the high
school at Griggsville, and later he became a stu-
dent in the Illinois College at Jacksonville, from
which he was graduated in the class of 1871.
Later he spent one year as a teacher in Griggs-
ville, after which he entered upon the study of
law in the office of Judge James Ward of his na-
tive city, and later with Hon. W. G. Ewings, then
of Quincy. Admitted to the bar before the Illi-
nois supreme court in January, 1874, he practiced
for the following eight years in Griggsville, and
from 1879 until 1883 was city attorney there. In
1882 he received the democratic nomination for
county judge and was elected by a handsome ma-
jority, so that in December of the same year he
removed to Pittsfield in order that he might be
more conveniently near the court at the time of its
session. Here he has since made his home ; and
on the expiration of his first term of four years
he was re-elected in 1886 and once more in 1890,
so that his incumbency covered twelve years.
Since his retirement from the bench he has prac-
ticed law in Pittsfield, and is now serving as mas-
ter in chancery. The favorable judgment which
the world passed upon Jiim at the outset of his
career has in no degree been set aside or modi-
fied, but on the contrary, has been strengthened
by the capable manner in which he has acted as
counselor or advocate, and by the fearless dis-
charge of his duty on the bench for his record as
a judge was in harmony with his record as a man
and a lawyer — characterized by unswerving in-
tegrity and by the masterful grasp of every prob-
lem presented for solution. In 1886 he formed a
law partnership with Henry Bush under the firm
name of Doocy & Bush, which was continued
with marked success for several years. He has a
large and distinctively representative clientage
that connects him with the important litigation
tried in the courts of his district. He has con-
ducted a large number of cases through the ap-
pellate and supreme courts of Illinois, and has
met with marked success in those courts.

On the 28th of December, 1886, Judge Doocy
was married to Miss Clara L. Butler, of Griggs-

EDWARD DOOCY

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

263

ville, a daughter of E. W. Butler, one of the pio-
neer residents of Adams and Pike counties, who
came to Illinois from Connecticut in 1835 and
died in 1889. Mrs. Butler now resides in Pitts-
field, with Judgf and Mrs. Doocy. Judge and
Mrs. Doocy had six children, one of whom died
in infancy. The others are Clara Louise, Edward
Butler, Elmer Tiffany, Helen Laura and Clar-
ence Wellington. Judge and Mrs. Doocy are
prominent socially and the hospitality of theil
pleasant home is greatly enjoyed by many friends.
In community affairs the Judge is deeply inter-
ested and his opinions have proven of value in
the general work of development and upbuilding,
while his co-operation has been a tangible factor
in the general good. He served for a year as
president of the board of trustees of Pittsfield,
and was largely instrumental in organizing Pitts-
field as a city. For three years he was president
of the board of education, and succeeded in organ-
izing the board, of -education under the general
law. His attention, however, is more largely
given to his law practice, and in his chosen life
work he has won high encomiums from the legal
fraternity and the public as well.

MISS MARY M. DOOCYj. . .. ' •

No history of the educational development of
Pike county would be complete without a men-
tion of many of the eminent teachers, who gave
their lives to this noble profession of teaching the
young. Prominent among others was Miss Mary
M. Doocy, who was born at Griggsville, Illi-
nois, and graduated at the high school in that city
in 1876. She taught her first school in what is
now district No. 60, in the Ingram neighborhood
in the northeast part of Perry township. She
next conducted successful schools in South Flint
and Middle Flint. From there she was employed
in the Griggsville schools for several years, and
then in the Pittsfield schools for a number of
years. Her last teaching was in the schools of
Sangamon county. Illinois, where she taught four
years. The last few years she was employed by
Hon. David Ross, state secretary of the bureau

of labor statistics, and by the mercantile firm of
John Lutz of Springfield, Illinois. While in the
last employment she was. taken suddenly ill, and
after a short illness died on the 7th day of Au-
gust, A. D., 1905, at Springfield, Illinois.

Miss Doocy was a natural teacher. She had
splendid talents and tact and always had the fac-
ulty of drawing out the minds of the young peo-
ple whom she taught, and teaching them to think
for themselves. She was always cheerful and al-
ways looked on the bright side of everything, be-
lieving that cheerfulness was one of the essential
elements of a good school. Commencing to teach
at the age of seventeen she gave twenty-seven
years of her life to that profession. She is kindly
remembered by hundreds of people, who were
once her students.

RICHARD D. BAGBY.

Richard D. Bagby, a representative of agri-
cultural interests, was born in Pike county
November i, 1848, and is a son of Larkin and
Rachel (Kinman) Bagby, -the former a native of
Montgomery county, Kentucky, and the latter of
Pike county, Indiana. The parents were young
people when they came to Pike county, Illinois,
•the* father arriving here in 1837. He resided for
a considerable period near the village of Time,
although after their marriage Mr. and Mrs.
Bagby began their domestic life in Highland
township. Some years later they removed to
Pittsfield township and Mrs. Bagby died dur-
ing the period of the Civil war when forty-seven
years of age. She was the mother of eight children,
of whom two sons and three daughters are yet
living, namely: George L., a resident of Iowa;
Richard D., of this review ; Nancy, the wife of
David Kurfman, living in Pike county, Illinois ;
Mrs. Susan West, whose home is in Kansas ; and
Mrs. Lucy Hornida, also of Pike county. After
losing his first wife the father was married three
times and died upon his farm in Pittsfield town-
ship at an advanced age.

Richard D. Bagby pursued his education in the
common schools and in the public schools of

264

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Pittsfield and enlisted for service in the Union
Arm}-, in March, 1864, when only fifteen years
of age ; becoming a member of Company K, Six-
teenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he
served until the close of the war. He participated
in the Atlanta campaign and went with Sherman
on the celebrated march to the sea, participating
in the siege of Atlanta, and the battles of Kene-
saw Mountain and Bentonville, North Carolina.
At one time he was in the hospital and was mus-
tered out in Louisville, Kentucky, being finally
discharged at Springfield, Illinois. Although so
young he made a creditable military record which
might well be envied by many a veteran of twice
his years.

After the war Mr. Bagby returned home and
remained with his father until the latter's death,
since which time he has resided upon the old
homestead farm. 'He owns one hundred and sixty
acres of fine land which is pleasantly and con-
veniently located about four miles from Pittsfield.
His farm is well improved and everything about
the place is indicative of the careful supervision
of an owner who is practical and progressive in
all his methods. He built a fine house and barn on
his place and has added all the modern accessories
and equipments. He now leases his land, which is
devoted to general farming and stock-raising and
he raises Poland China hogs on an extensive
scale. Mr. Bagby gives his political allegiance to
the republican party, brt has never sought or de-
sired office, preferring to give his undivided
attention to his business affairs, which have been
capably managed, so that he has become the
possessor of a comfortable competence that now
enables him to leave the more arduous duties of
farm work to others.

JAMES G. WILLSEY.

James G. Willsey is one of the pioneer resi-
dents of Pike county and a wealthy citizen, who,
having accumulated a competence through his
own efforts, is now living a retired life on the
homestead farm in Pittsfield township. His life

history is closely interwoven with the records of
Pike county, especially along the line of agricul-
tural development and it is therefore with pleasure
that we present the story of his life to our readers.
He was born in Tompkins county, New York,
February 28, 1830, and was a son of Barnett and
Cornelia (Kizer) Willsey. Both parents were na-
tives of the Empire state and in the year 1837
they removed westward, taking up their abode
in Ohio, where they remained until they came to
Illinois in 1840. On reaching Griggsville town-
ship, Mr. Willsey had only a team and fifty cents
'in money. His family, however, numbered ten
children and necessitated his at once securing em-
ployment that would enable him to provide for
their support. He began husking corn, receiving
every fifth load in compensation for his services.
He was employed in differest capacities on various
farms in the neighborhood and as soon as possible
he purchased a cow. Soon afterward he traded
his team of horses for eighty acres of land in
Pittsfield township near the present home of his
son James and began life there in true pioneer
style. He had no near neighbors and in fact the
entire country was wild and undeveloped. There
was some timber upon his place, necessitating
ardous labor in order to develop that part of the
land into productive fields. Deer were frequently
seen in large herds and wolves were numerous.
In fact, every evidence of frontier life was found
here and the family had to share in all the hard-
ships and trhls incident to the establishment of a
home upon the frontier. The father built a cabin
and in a few years replaced his primitive dwelling
by a frame residence, hauling timber for the house
upon a cart drawn by oxen. He remained upon
this farm up to the time of his death, which oc-
curred January 31, 1859. His wife survived until
January 10, 1889, passing away at the advanced
age of eighty-five years. Mr. Willsey was the
owner of four hundred acres of valuable land and
was regarded as one of the wealthy residents of
the count}' in that day. He was also a leading
citizen, becoming a molder of public thought and
a leader in public action. His political allegiance
was given to the democracy and he served as
county commissioner and also as school director.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

265

•His efforts were of a practical and far-reaching
nature and proved of much benefit to the county
along the lines of material, intellectual and moral
progress.

Of his ten children two sons and two daughters
are now living. James G. Willsey, however,
is the only one now in Pike county. He was edu-
cated in the common schools, although his privi-
leges in that direction were quite limited. When
ten years of age he began hard work and has
always led a very industrious and useful life.
He made his first purchase of land about 1855,
becoming owner of one hundred and sixty acres,
upon which he yet resides. This was a raw tract,
but he cleared it, put all the improvements upon
the property and now has fine buildings, while
his farm is under a high state of cultivation. He
owns two hundred and forty acres of land at the
present time and gives his personal supervision
to its operation, although he takes no active part
in the work of the fields. He gave to his son one
hundred and sixty acres. He raises some sheep,
but his efforts in the line of live stock dealing
are mostly given to hogs and cattle.

In 1851, James G. Willsey was united in mar-
riage to Miss Malinda Rogers, who was born
August 14, 1830, and was a daughter of David
R. and Fanny (Alcorn) Rogers. Her father was
a son of Bartlett Rogers, a native of North Caro-
lina, who removed from that state to Kentucky
and from there to Morgan county, Illinois, locating
near Williamsport, a little town on the Illinois
river near Montezuma at Big Sandy creek. There
he purchased on the 2gih of December, 1826,
a bond for a deed to lot No. 15 from John Rad-
cliff, who had purchased the lot of Joseph Bent-
ley for seventy dollars but before paying for it
sold it to Mr. Rogers. The last named continued
a resident of Williamsport for many years and
there his death occurred. David Redmon Rogers,
father of Mrs. Willsey, was born February 18,
1802, and when a young man went from North
Carolina to Kentucky, in which state he was
married to Fanny Alcorn on the 26th of February,
1824. He and his brother Robert were married
at the same time and they came to Illinois together
a number of years later. While in Kentucky,
David R. Rogers resided on the Kentucky river
near the Goose Creek Salt Works in Clay county

and on coming to Illinois made his way to Wil-
liamsport on the Illinois river. After a short
time he removed with his family to Dutch creek
near Big Spring, below Stony Point, which place
was afterward the property of James Wassell.
His next home was on what is known as the John
Hoskins place and there he built a little cabin.
Not far away was a large swamp and his children
were often stationed there to keep the cattle out of
the swamp. There were many wild animals in
those times, including wolves, bears and panthers.
The neighbors were widely scattered and the work
of improvement and progress seemed scarcely
begun. About 1834 or 1835, Mr. Rogers re-
moved to the place now owned by W. D. Shinn,
making it his home until he was called to his final
rest on the 2ist of March, 1871, his wife sur-
viving until March 10, 1873. Her brother, Ben
Alcorn, built the first warehouse west of Rockport
on the Mississippi river- and one of the first in the
county. Of the children in the Rogers family
three were born in Kentucky, namely : Polly Ann,
born January 4, 1825; Bartlett, November 3,
1826; and Nancy Jane, February 15, 1828. The
next member of the family, Mrs. Willsey, 'was
born during the period of her parent's residence
at Williamsport, while William Rogers was born
on the John Hoskins farm, January i, 1833.

Mr. and Mrs. Willsey have become the parents
of one son, William R., who was born July 29,
1853, and married Judith A. Brown. They reside
near the old family homestead and have four
children : Grace Malinda, who was born June
2, 1881, and is the wife of Clarence Fudge, a
resident farmer of Pittsfield township, by whom
she has one daughter, Nellie Frances, born April
30, 1904; Laura Edith, born October 31, 1885,
and now at home ; Francis Scott, born December
12, 1887; and James Gallett, December 31, 1891.

The parents are now pleasantly located in an
attractive home and are enjoying the comforts and
many of the luxuries of life, which have been
secured through the earnest and persistent efforts
of Mr. Willsey in an active business career. He
has been thoroughly reliable at all times and his
name is a synonym for integrity and honor in
business transactions. He is a charter member
of Pittsfield lodge, No. 790, A. F. & A. M., and
is also a member of the chapter and commandery.

266

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

In politics he is a democrat and has served as
school director for several years and also as road
commissioner. His life record is creditable and
should serve as a source of inspiration and en-
couragement to others, showing what can be ac-
complished through earnest and determined pur-
pose. He is moreover one of the pioneer residents
of the county having watched its growth and de-
i velopment from an early day and he has a very
wide acquaintance among the early settlers and
those whose arrival dates at a later period, being
respected by young and old, rich and poor.

JOHN H. COOPER.

John H. Cooper, who is living on section 23,
Martinsburg township, is familiarly called "John"
by his numerous friends and is accounted one of
the prosperous farmers of this county, owning
and conducting a farm of two hundred and seven-
teen acres, which presents a neat and well im-
proved appearance. He is a native son of Pike
county, having been born in Pittsfield, October
10, 1836. His father, Asa D. Cooper, was born
in Kentucky and was a son of George W. Cooper,
who removed from Tennessee to Kentucky and
afterward to Illinois, settling in Pike county. He
took up his abode here at a very early day, prob-
ably about 1832. It was in this county that Asa
D. Cooper was married to Miss Eleanor Gooden,
whose birth occurred in Saline county, Missouri,
and who was a daughter of Robert Gooden, one
of the early settlers of Pike county, who removed
from Tennessee to Missouri and afterward to
Illinois. Following his marriage Asa Cooper lo-
cated on a farm in Martinsburg township, open-
ing up a new tract of land. Later he sold that
property and developed another farm, whereon he
reared his family and spent his last years, his
death occurring December 29. 1858. His wife
passed away March 29, 1854.

John H. Cooper was reared in Pike county
and is largely a self-educated as well as self-made
man, for his school privileges in youth were lim-
acres of valuable land, of which two hundred
ited. He remained with his father until he had

attained his majority, after which he rented a
farm for a few years. He was married in Mar-
tinsburg township, February i, 1857, to Miss
Mary M. Moomaw, a native of Logan county,
Ohio, and a (laughter of Rev. Jacob Moomaw,
a minister of the German Baptist church. Her
father was a native of Virginia and was married
in Ohio to Elizabeth Ohmart. In 1842 he came to
Illinois, settling in Pike county, near Pittsfield,
upon a farm where he reared his family and con-
tinued to make his home through the evening of
his life.

Following the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Coop-
er he rented a tract of land which he cultivated
for several years. He started out for himself
empty-handed but realized that industry and en-
terprise constitute the basis of success and he
worked persistently and energetically until he
was enabled to purchase property, In 1867 he
bought one hundred and eighty acres where he
now resides, located thereon and began to improve
the farm, to which he had added from time to
time until he now owns five hundred and fourteen
acres of valuable land, of which two hun-
dred and seventeen acres are in the home
farm. Here he has built a good neat resi-
dence, also a bank barn and other outbuildings.
He has fenced his place and added the various
equipments found upon a model farm property
of the twentieth century. That he has prospered
is indicated by his property holdings, for he now
owns two other farms in addition to the home
place, one of one hundred and sixty-one acres and
the other of one hundred and thirty-seven and
one-half acres, the second lying. west of Pitts-
field, and the other to the north. Both are fairly
improved. He has also given forty acres of land
to his children. Although he had no capital to
aid him at the outset of his career, he and his
estimable wife, who had indeed been a faithful
companion and helpmate to him on life's journey.
have accumulated a valuable property, comprising
three excellent farms and in connection with the
cultivation of his home place Mr. Cooper raises
good grades of stock. He now rents most of his
land but gives his personal supervision to the
property and to the improvements which are made
thereon. The only financial assistance which ever

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

267

came to him was eight hundred and twenty-nine
dollars received from J]is father's estate, but this
did not come until after he had purchased the
home farm.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Cooper have been born
four children : George D., who is a farmer of
Pittsfield township and is represented elsewhere
in this work ; Mary E. the wife of Wesley Wal-
ston, who lives upon her father's farm and also
owns land of his own and by whom she has two
children, Lottie A. and Iva ; William Hardin,
who married Lillie McClintock, by whom he has
a son, John Hurley, their home being in Martins-
burg township ; and Charles H., a merchant of
Martinsburg, who married Anna R. Lawrence
and has two children, Mary B. and Veda A. Mr.
Cooper now has several grandchildren and one
great-grandchild. He and his wife adopted a
young girl when eight years of age, reared and
educated her and she is now the wife of Frank
Gooden. Benton Johnson also became a member
of their family when ten or twelve years of age,
was educated by them, is now married and fol-
lows carpentering in Pittsfield. They also reared
James Cooper, a brother of our subject, who came
to live with them when thirteen years of age.

Politically Mr. Cooper has been a lifelong
democrat, voting first for Stephen A. Douglas in
1860. He served as township collector in 1874
and has been road supervisor for one or two
terms, but has never sought or desired office. He
believes in good schools and the employment of
competent teachers and has done earnest work in
behalf of public education while serving on the
school board. He and his wife are members of the
Church of Christ of Martinsburg. His entire life,
now covering sixty-nine years, has been passed
in Pike county and he has helped to improve and
make it what it is today. He has cultivated and de-
veloped several farms, thus contributing in sub-
stantial measure to the agricultural development
of the community. He commenced life for him-
self at the bottom of the latter, but has steadily
climbed upward. At the time of his marriage he
had no capital and he and his faithful wife ex-
perienced many hardships and privations, but
they worked and labored together, were frugal
and economical and by their united efforts have

become prosperous people. Their home farm is
improved with a large, neat and substantial
residence and constitutes a comfortable home, in
which their many friends receive a hearty wel-
come, cordial hospitality and good will being
extended to all. Mrs. Cooper is now an invalid,
but for many years she was a model housekeeper
and her labors were an important factor in her
husband's success. Mr. Cooper is well 'known as
an active and energetic farmer and as one of the
honored pioneer settlers of the county justly
deserves mention in this volume.

HENRY B. JUDD.

Henry B. Judd, whose name is found on the roll
of Pittsfield's merchants for he is proprietor of the
Judd bakery, was born in Missouri, August 27,
1859, his parents being Samuel and Celia (Seals)
Judd. The father was a native of London, Eng-
land, and crossing the Atlantic to America became
a traveling salesman. In his family were nine
children. His death occurred in 1899, in St.
Louis, Missouri, when he had reached the ad-
vanced age of seventy-eight years, while his wife
passed away at the age of sixty-eight years, in
Chicago.

Henry B. Judd completed his education in the
high school at Quincy, Illinois, and then entering
business life was employed in a bakery and candy
manufactory at Quincy, there working for the
firm of Brown & Brothers. Later he entered the
employ of Clark & Morgan, wholesale dealers in
confectionery, and subsequently he went to Brook -
ville, Missouri, where he continued for three
years in the same line of business. He was next
located in Palmyra, Missouri, where he conducted
a bakery and confectionery on his own account
for ten years and on the expiration of that decade
he removed to Chickamauga Park, conducting a
similar business for the government during the
Spanish-American war. Upon his return to the
north he located in Pittsfield and for two years
was in the employ of Mr. Sineff. In 1899 he
embarked in business on his own account and has
since conducted a bakery, dealing in all kinds

268

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of bakery goods, soft drinks, oysters, cigars, etc.
He likewise conducts a restaurant and in both
branches of his business has a good trade, his
store being located on the northeast corner of the
courthouse square. He has prospered since open-
ing his present establishment and his patronage
is constantly growing.

Mr. Judd now resides with his sister in Pitts-
field and he has one son, Samuel. In his political
views Mr. Judd is a republican and keeps well in-
formed on the questions and issues of the day.
He belonged to the Odd Fellows lodge at Kirks-
ville, Missouri, and while in Quincy became a-
communicant of the Episcopal church, with which
he has since been connected. He has prospered
since coming to Pittsfield and he deserves much
credit for what he has accomplished for he is en-
tirely a self-made man.

ANDREW YAEGER.

Andrew Yaeger, who is now living a retired
life in Pittsfield was in former years actively con-
nected with general farming and stock-raising,
having devoted nearly half a century to work
along those lines. His rest was therefore well
earned and he is spending the years now in the
enjoyment of the fruits of his former toil. He
has been a resident of Pike county since June,
1853, and has traveled life's journey for seventy-
seven years. A native of Germany, he was born
in Wurtemberg on the 24th of October, 1828, and
was reared and married there, having in 1853
wedded Miss Barbara Kern, who was born in
Wurtemberg, December 26, 1820. Soon after
their marriage they carried out the previously
formed determination of emigrating to America
by taking passage on a sailing vessel which
weighed anchor at Bremen on the 8th of April,
1853, bound for New York. The voyage lasted
for eight weeks, and for two days the ship was in
a fearful storm, being driven back before the
gale, so that it had to cover a part of the course
a second time. However, the harbor of New York
was finally reached in safety on the 2d of June.
The Yaeger family at once made their way direct-

ly westward to Illinois and eventually reached
Pittsfield. They were passengers on the first train
over the road between Chicago and La Salle, Illi-
nois, and thence proceeded down the Illinois river
by boat to Florence and on to the county seat,
where they joined some German friends. Mr.
Yaeger worked by the month for a year or more
and then rented a farm for four years in Newburg
township. He bought his first land in Martins-
burg township, becoming owner of ninety-five
acres on section i. He located on that place,
which had a few acres under the plow but was
largely uncleared and undeveloped. He began
to farm and improve his land, however, living
thereon for nine years, when he sold that property
and bought a tract of eighty acres in Hardin
township near Time. He then engaged in farm-
ing and bought more land adjoining, .carrying
on general agricultural pursuits on his farm near
Time for thirty-eight years. During that period
he erected a good house upon his place, also built
a barn, fenced the fields and planted an orchard.
He also secured the latest improved machinery
in order to facilitate his work and in addition to
cultivating the soil he engaged in the raising of
fine horses and other high-grade stock, which he
fattened for the market. He was a prosperous
farmer and he still owns three hundred and twenty
acres of that property, but, having acquired a
handsome competence he retired from active
business life in 1899 anc' removed to Pittsfield,
where he and his wife have since been living
with their daughter, Mrs. Kleinschmidt.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Yaeger have been born
seven children, all of whom are now married and
are heads of families. Louisa is the wife of
Charles Shadel, of Pittsfield. Mary is the wife
of Fred Hack, a resident farmer of Kinderhook.
John G. is mentioned elsewhere in this volume.
Barbara is the wife of W. D. McBride, of Jersey-
ville, Illinois. William is living on the old home-
stead farm. Henry resides in St. Louis, Mis-
souri. Anna is the wife of Henry Kleinschmidt,
a business man of Pitts-field.

Politically Mr. Yaeger has ever been an earnest
democrat since becoming a naturalized American
citizen. He has never desired office, but has
given his time to his business affairs. He and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

269

his wife were reared in the Lutheran church and
now have membership -relations with the denom-
inations in Pittsfield. Mr. Yaeger feels that he
was wise in the step that he took in severing his
connection with his native land and seeking a
home in the new world for here he has found good
business opportunities and has steadily worked
his way upward through persistent energy to a
place among the enterprising business men of the
county, and through the exercise of his native
talents and industry he has accumulated the hand-
some competence which now enables him to rest
in the enjoyment of a well earned ease.

WILLIAM E. SHASTID, M. D.

Dr. William E. Shastid, physician and sur-
geon, oculist and aurist, of Pittsfield, was born
in this city, March 12, 1863, and with the excep-
tion of twelve or thirteen years has resided here
continuously. He is the eldest son of Dr. T. W.
Shastid. He was prepared for college in the
schools of this city and after four years in Eureka
College, at Eureka, Illinois, he was graduated
with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, having taken
the full classical course, with additions in Ger-
man and French. His summers were devoted to
the study of medicine under the direction of his
father and following his graduation at Eureka
College he went to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
matriculating in the Jefferson Medical College,
one of the oldest and best known schools in
America. While there he received special instruc-
tion in the Pennsylvania School of Anatomy and
the Pennsylvania Hospital. In the year 1886 he
was graduated at the Jefferson Medical College,
his thesis on pathology receiving second honor.

In the same year Dr. Shastid was married to
Miss Clara B. Willson. of Tallula, Illinois, who
is a graduate of the Jacksonville Conservatory of
Music and Young Ladies' Athenaeum, of Jack-
sonville, Illinois. Her .father. Dr. T- F. Willson,
is a prominent banker and capitalist of Menard
county, Illinois.

Dr. and Mrs. Shastid located in Wichita, Kan-
sas, where he practiced for nearly five years and

for three years during that time was physician
and surgeon tp the Wichita Hospital. He also
lectured on anatomy one year in the Wichita
School of Medicine and served for a time as a
member of the city board of health. In 1889 ne
was called to Eureka College, where the degree
of Master of Arts was conferred upon him. • In
189,1 he returned to his old home in Pittsfield
and has practiced here since, his special attention
being given to diseases of the eye, ear, nose and
throat. He has taken post-graduate work several
times: in 1894 in London, England, and Vienna,
Austria — in the former city at the Royal London
Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfield's and Central
London Hospital, for eye, ear, nose and throat
diseases ; in the latter city at the General Hospital
for medicine, surgery and specialties, this hospi-
tal being one of the largest in the world. In
1901 he attended the New York Post Graduate
Medical School and Hospital. In 1903 he again
went abroad for post-graduate work at Berlin,
Germany. The Doctor has traveled extensively
in most of the countries of Europe as well as in
Egypt and Palestine. He has been very success-
ful in his practice and is one of the leading physi-
cians of the county. He has served as a member
of the board of education of Pittsfield and is a
member of the board of United States examining
surgeons for pensions. He has been prominent
in Masonic circles for some years, being past
commander of Ascalon commandery, No. 48, K.
T.. and is a thirty-second degree Mason.

Dr. Shastid has two children, a son and a
daughter, William J. and Mary Margaret Shas-
tid. His office and home are located on Monroe
street, a block and a half from the public square
in Pittsfield.

CAPTAIN JOSEPH G. JOHNSON.

Captain Joseph G. Johnson is a veteran of the
Civil war and prominent in Grand Army circles
in this section of the state. He makes his home in
Milton, where he is now living in well earned
ease after close and active connection with busi-
ness interests in former years, for he was well
known here at an earlier day as a merchant and

270

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

later as proprietor of a hotel. Captain Johnson is
a native of Posey county, Indiana, born July 30,
1821, his parents being Joseph and Ester (Jolly)
Johnson, who were early residents of Posey
county, where they spent their remaining- days.

Captain Johnson was reared to farm life and
continued to devote his attention to agricultural
pursuits until 1856, when he became a resident of
Milton. Here he embarked in merchandising, in
which he continued until 1862, when, his spirit
of patriotism being aroused, he not only offered
his services to the goverment, but also organized
a company in Milton to join the Union forces.
This company became Company I of the Ninety-
ninth Illinois Regiment and Mr. Johnson was chos-
en its captain, serving with that rank for two years
and five months, at which time an order was
issued consolidating his regiment with a battalion
on account of its being below the minimum
number for regiment organization and Captain
Johnson's command then became Company B.
For a portion of the time Captain Johnson was ill,
but he rendered active and valuable service to
the Union in the engagements at Vicksburg and
Hartsville, Missouri, and in a number of skir-
mishes and was honorably discharged at Spring-
field, Illinois, in December, 1864, by reason of
the expiration of his term.

Returning home he resumed merchandising in
Milton, in which he continued until 1867, when
he retired from business life, but after five years
became proprietor of a hotel and so continued
until 1884. He then permanently put aside the
more arduous duties of a business career and has
since enjoyed a well earned rest.

Captain Johnson has been married three times.
In August, 1842, he wedded Eliza Henderson and
unto them was born a daughter, now Mrs. Man'
A. Armstrong, of Milton. The wife and mother
died in February, 1847, ar>d in October, 1853,
Captain Johnson wedded Elizabeth Travers, by
whom he had one son, Daniel R. Johnson, who is
residing in St. Louis, Missouri, and is an engineer.
In 1855, the captain was called upon to mourn
the loss of his second wife and on the I7th of
November, 1857, ne married Judith C. (Baker)
I Tughes, by whom he had two children, Jo Anna
II. and Joseph G. H. Johnson. The daughter is

now the wife of C. E. Battershill, a merchant or
Milton. Captain Johnson is a member of the
Masonic and Odd Fellows societies and also
holds membership in the Methodist Episcopal
church, being true to the teachings of the latter
and the tenets of the former. He is one of Milton's
most esteemed and jovial citizens, always genial
in manner, courteous and social. He has now
passed the eighty-fourth milestone of life's
journey and is classed with the most venerable
and respected citizens of Milton, whose long resi-
dence in the county and upright life have made
him a prominent citizen.

' COLONEL D. D. HICKS.

Colonel Daniel D. Hicks, deceased, for many
years cashier of the First National Bank of Pitts-
field, was one of the prominent citizens of Pike
county and resided in a beautiful home on Jef-
ferson street, where, surrounded by many friends,
he spent his last years, respected and honored
by all who knew him. He came of a family
in whom the spirit of patriotism was a strong
characteristic. His grandfather, Simeon Hicks,
espoused the cause of the colonies and fought
for independence, while Truman B. Hicks, the
father, was a soldier of" the war of 1812. The
latter was also a distinguished physician of the
Empire state, and in addition to his success and
prominence in that calling, he became recog-
nized as a leader of public thought and action and
was honored with political preferment. He
served as judge of Warren county, New York,
and for two terms represented his district in the
state legislature. He married Barbara Hayes, a
native of Clarendon, Vermont, and they had two
sons and a daughter.

Colonel Daniel D. Hicks, of this family, was
born at Sunderland, Vermont, on the i2th of
August, 1812, and was quite young at the time
of the removal of the family to the state of New
York. A few years later, following the death of
the mother, the family returned to the Green
Mountain state but in 1830 again took up their

DANIEL D. HICKS

IHJflARY

Of »HE

«MV£*SiTr Of (

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

273

abode in New York. In 1838 a removal was
made to Pike county, Illinois, and Colonel Hicks
entered business life in the middle west as a
teacher, following the profession in the vicinity
of Pittsfield for about two years. He then ac-
cepted a clerkship in Pittsfield and was thus en-
gaged until 1842, when he was appointed deputy
sheriff by Ephraim Cannon and served for four
years, on the expiration of which period popular
suffrage chose him for the office of sheriff and
incumbency again continued for four years. This
length of time had been sufficient to fully demon-
strate to the people his entire trustworthiness
and capability and his election to the office of
county treasurer for a term of four years, fol-
lowed. From 1850 until 1852 he was also en-
gaged in merchandising. In 1865 he entered
the First National Bank as clerk and teller and
in 1867 was elected cashier, which position he
filled up to the time of his death, when he was
succeeded by his son, Robert T., who was for
years assistant cashier of the institution.

In October, 1842, Colonel Hicks was united
in marriage to Miss Mary J. Burbridge,' a ha- •
tive of Ohio, but at the time of her marriage a
resident of this county. She was the daughter
of James Burbridge. She was a devoted
member of the Christian church and a most
estimable lady and her death, which oc-
curred March 30, 1844, was deeply regretted.
Their only child, Helen M., died at the age of
eighteen years. Colonel Hicks was afterward
married to Miss Julia Ann Burbridge, a daughter
of Robert Burbridge and a cousin of his first
wife. They were married in 1845 and had five
daughters and two sons : Frances, the wife of
George Barber; Barbara E., the wife of Henry
R. Miller; Florence E., the wife of E. P. Dow;
Emma, deceased wife of Hon. Harry Higbee,
the present circuit judge of the eighth judicial
district of Illinois ; Robert T., cashier of the First
National Bank of Pittsfield, and a prominent
business man of the city; Laura, the wife of Mar-
tin S. Frick, of Independence, Missouri ; and
James W., of Houston, Texas.

Mr. and Mrs. Hicks were members of the
Christian church, in which he served as elder for
many years, and in the work of which he took
15

a most active and helpful interest. His military
title was conferred upon him while he was a
resident of New York. He belonged to the One
hundred and Sixty-sixth Regiment of the state
militia and served for two years as its adjutant
and two years as its colonel, at the end of which
time he resigned in order to come to Illinois.
He was a resident of Pike county for forty-six
years and was deeply interested in its progress
and development. His faithful service in office,
his trustworthiness in business, his faithfulness
in friendship, all combined to make him one of the
leading citizens of this part of the state.

GEORGE W. CHRYSUP.

George W. Chrysup, who since 1901 has lived
a retired life in Barry, previous to which time
he was closely associated with its mercantile in-
tejejjts, was born in Florence, Pike county,
Illinois, February i, 1845. He was the only child
of William -L'. and Jane (Barney) Chrysup, who
in 1826 became residents of Pike county, where
they resided until 1850. In that year the family
removed to California, making the long and
tedious journey across the plains, over the hot
stretches of sand and through the mountain passes
to the Pacific coast. In 1857 they started on the
return voyage .and the parents were lost in the
explosion of the steamer St. Nicholas, which
occurred April 24, 1859, about one and a half
miles below Helena, Arkansas.

George W. Chrysup, who was left an orphan
by this disaster was reared by his maternal grand-
father. Colonel Benjamin Barney of Pike county.
Illinois. When seventeen years of age he re-
sponded to the county's call for troops, enlisting
in 1861 at the first call for seventy-five thousand
men. He joined the army under Captain Mc-
Williams for three months' service with the Tenth
Illinois Infantry and on the expiration of that
period when it was seen that there would be a long
and hotly contested struggle between the north
and the south he re-enlisted for three years in
August, 1862, becoming a member of Company
B, Twenty-eighth Regiment of Illinois Volun-

274

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

teers. On the ipth of January, 1864, he once more
enlisted, becoming a veteran and serving as corpo-
ral sergeant, orderly sergeant and first lieutenant
by successive promotions. Eventually he was
raised to the rank of first lieutenant and next be-
came captain of Company B, Twenty-eighth Reg-
iment of Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He was in
the army for over four years and was honorably
discharged on the i6th of March, 1866, having
made a splendid military record, unsurpassed for
loyalty or bravery. He participated in many im-
portant battles, including the engagements at
Fort Henry, Vicksburg, Jackson, Spanish Fort
and Whistler's Station, and he was always found
at his post of duty whether upon the firing line
or on the lonely picket line.

Following the close of the war Captain Chry-
sup returned at once to his home and on April
18, 1867, was married to Miss Katie Harvey,
of Pike county, a daughter of Lewis and Lucy
Harvey. Unto them were born two children, who
are yet living, and two who have passed away.
Those who yet survive are: Jennie, now the wife
of H. T. McCarrel, of Barry ; and Helen, who is
the wife of Dr. R. H. Main, of Barry.

After the war Captain Chrysup engaged in
farming for three years and then embarked in
merchandising, which he carried on for six years,
dealing in both groceries and hardware and also
conducting a marble business. He was then ap-
pointed postmaster and filled the office for ten
years. He has likewise filled other official po-
sitions, having been justice of the peace for eight
years, during which time he discharged his
duties with strict impartiality, his decisions being
biased by neither fear nor favor. Upon his retire-
ment from that office he put aside all business
cares and since 1901 has not been connected with
any official or business interests. In his political
views he is a stalwart republican, standing by the
party as loyal to-day as he did with the Union
in the dark days of the Civil war. He belongs to
the John McTucker post, No. 154, at Barry and
when able to attend its meetings greatly enjoys
meeting with the "boys in blue". In matters of
citizenship he ever manifests the same loyal
spirit which characterized his long service on the
southern battle-fields and won him promotion

from the ranks to the grade of captain in recogni-
tion of his meritorious conduct on the field of
battle.

It will be interesting in this connection to note
something of the history of Colonel Benjamin
Barney, by whom Captain Chrysup was reared.
He was a son of Benjamin Barney, whose birth
occurred in Taunton, Bristol county, Massachu-
setts, in the year 1760 and he served throughout
the Revolutionary war under General Washing-
ton, enlisting in April, 1776. He received an
honorable discharge in 1781, after which he lo-
cated land upon which he made improvements in
Berkshire county, Massachusetts. In 1782 he
married Miss Deborah Crapo and took up his
permanent abode upon his farm, his death there
occurring in the year 1821. He always maintained
a warm devotion and love for his country, leading
a quiet and useful life and died a devoted Chris-
tian. His wife passed away in 1822.

Colonel Barney was born in Berkshire county,
Massachusetts, September 21, 1795, and there re-
mained through the period of his minority, re-
moving in March, 1817, to Huron county, Ohio,
where he spent the succeeding eight years as a
farm hand. In 1820 he was married to Miss Mi-
nerva Harris, who was the daughter of William
Harris, and was born in Pennsylvania in 1800,
accompanying her parents in their removal to the
Buckeye state in 1818. The year 1825 witnessed
the arrival of Colonel and Mrs. Barney in Illinois.
They first located at Shawneetown, and in 1826
their home was established at Atlas, which was
then the county seat of Pike county. He was there
variously employed for nine years, being first
engaged at cutting and cording wood, for which
he was paid twenty-two cents a cord. On that sum
he had tosupporthimself,hiswifeandtwo children.
He afterward engaged in keel-boating on the
Ohio river at fifty cents per day, which he re-
garded as a very good wage. He was thus em-
ployed in the summer and fall of 1826, and dur-
ing the succeeding winter lived at Atlas, where
was the only postoffice in Pike county. At one
time on account of high water and bad roads
there was no mail for three weeks. The legisla-
ture was then in session, and the citizens of Atlas
and vicinity being anxious for news, hired Colo-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

275

nel Barney to go to Carrollton, a distance of over
forty miles to get the mail. He did so, making
the journey in three days, crossing streams in
canoes, on logs and sometimes having to wade.
Thus through unbroken paths where the snow
in many places was above his knees, he made his
way. carrying upon his back the mail, which
weighed over sixty pounds; and for this journey
he received the sum of ten dollars.

Colonel Barney continued to reside in Atlas
until 1834, when he invested his earnings which
he had saved in a small tract on section 31, Barry
township. Upon that place he built a cabin in
which the family took up their abode, and con-
tinued to reside there for many years, giving the
remainder of his active business career to general
agricultural pursuits. In April, 1832, he enlisted
for service in the Black Hawk war, and was mus-
tered in at Rock Island under General White-
side, being at that time elected colonel of the regi-
ment, which was the Second Illinois Mounted
Riflemen. After serving fifty days he and his
regiment were mustered out of service at Ottawa,
Illinois. He was then honorably discharged and
received the remuneration for his military serv-
ice, after which he rejoined his family in Barry
township and resumed the work of farming and
stock-raising. He had in his early years served
an apprenticeship to the blacksmith trade, but after
a few years his health compelled him to abandon
that pursuit, but was able to do much mechanical
work upon his farm. As the years advanced and
as his financial resources increased as the result
of his careful management and unfaltering dili-
gence, he invested more and more extensively in
land until his property holdings became very
large and valuable. He possessed a generous
disposition, was a man of warm heart and willing
hand, and ever ready to assist others less for-
tunate than himself and exemplifying in his life
those sterling traits of character which work for
the development of man's best nature. He was
'called to various local offices, the duties of which
he discharged with promptness and fidelity, and
no man enjoyed more fully the trust and good
will of those with whom he was associated. While
in business affairs he wrought along lines re-
sulting in the acquirement of a handsome prop-

erty he at the same time conducted his relations
with his fellowmen in such a manner as to deserve
their high regard and unfaltering trust. His
death occurred September 14, 1882 ; and the com-
munity mourned the loss of one of its representa-
tive and honored pioneer citizens.

JOHN W. BOREN.

John W. Boren has with the exception of a
brief period of three years been continuously con-
nected with business interests in Milton since
the Civil war. He is now proprietor of a furniture
and undertaking establishment with a liberal
patronage which makes his business quite profit-
able. He was born .in Pike county, August 2,
1842, his parents being Absalom and Lucinda
Boren, both of whom are now deceased. They
were among the early settlers of the county and
the father devoted his energies to farming for
many years. His death occurred in 1904. while
his wife passed away in Milton in 1900.

John W. Boren was reared to farm life, early
becoming familiar with the duties and labors that
fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He acquired
his education in the country schools and lived
with his father, assisting him in the farm work
until nineteen years of age, when in 1862 he re-
sponded to the country's call for aid, enlisting
as a member of Company I, Ninety-ninth Illinois
Regiment for three years. He served the entire
time as a musician in his company and was honor-
ably discharged on the 3ist of July, 1865, at
Springfield, by reason of the expiration of his
term and the close of the war. Returning to his
home in Pike county, he soon became a factor in
the business life of Milton, opening a saddlery
and harness shop in August of that year. Suc-
cess attended the enterprise and he continued in
the business for nine years, or until 1874, when he
disposed of his interests in Milton and removed
to Pleasant Hill, where he conducted a similar
business for three years. On account of sick-
ness, however, he returned to Milton and once
more established a saddlery and harness store,
which he carried on for seven years. In 1884 ne

276

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

sold out and turned his attention to the drug busi-
ness, which he conducted for four years and
through the succeeding four years he was a rep-
resentative of real-estate interests, thus contin-
uing in business until 1892. In May of that year
he opened a furniture and undertaking establish-
ment, carrying an extensive stock and for thirteen
years he has been engaged in this line, enjoying
constantly increasing success, which results from
his straightforward business methods, his earnest
desire to please and his fair and reasonable prices.
Mr. Boren was married December 28, 1871, to
Miss Mary P. Smith, a daughter of Mrs. Harriett
A. (Baker) Smith. Their only child is deceased.
Mr. and Mrs. Boren have many friends and are
highly esteemed residents of Milton. In an analy-
zation of his life record we find that the strong
characteristics of his business career have been
close application, unremitting diligence and unfal-
tering determination and he has enjoyed a gratify-
ing measure of prosperity as the years have gone
by. His name is inseparably intedwoven with
the history of commercial advancement in Milton
and moreover he is classed with the representa-
tive citizens of the town, manifesting the same
loyalty to the welfare of his home community
that he displayed when on southern battle-fields
he proved his fidelity to the Union cause.

WILLIAM H. SEABORN.

William H. Seaborn, whose life record might
be summed up in the terse yet comprehensive
phrase, through struggles to success, is a wealthy
stock dealer and land owner of Pike county, now
largely living retired in Baylis. He was born
in this county, near Griggsville, on the old Reed
farm, August 5, 1845, his parents being Robert
and Mary A. (Hovey) Seaborn. The father's
birth occurred in what was then Frankford, Penn-
sylvania, now a part of the city of Philadelphia,
on the nth of October, 1814, and his parents
were Robert and Elizabeth (Rodgers) Seaborn.
His father was a native of England and came to
America during the latter part of the eighteenth
century. He was then a single man but soon

afterward married Miss Elizabeth Rodgers. A
merchant tailor, he conducted business at Frank-
ford for several years and died March 4, 1815,
leaving a widow and three children, of whom
Robert Seaborn, Jr., was the youngest. He was
educated in the schools of Philadelphia and in
that city at the age of fifteen or sixteen years was
apprenticed to Jacob Young to learn the carriage-
smith's trade. On the expiration of his term
of indenture he went to New York city, being at
that time twenty-one years of age. After a year
or two, however, he removed to New Haven,
Connecticut, and later went to Boston, Massa-
chusetts, where he secured a situation in the em-
ploy of Theodore Dickinson. For several years
he remained in that city, during which time he
was married to Caroline Beckford, a sister of
Mrs. Dickinson, the , wedding ceremony being
performed in the Hanover Street Congregational
church by the Rev. Lyman Beecher, father of
Henry Ward Beecher. Of that church Mr.
Seaborn was a member. Following his marriage
Robert Seaborn went to the British possessions,
looking for a location, but, not finding a suitable
place he returned to Boston and subsequently re-
moved to Preble county, Ohio, where, abandoning
his trade, he purchased a small farm and turned
his attention to agricultural pursuits. Thinking
that he would have still better business oppor-
tunities in a region farther west he came to Pike
county, Illinois, in the summer of 1831, in search
of a location and here he purchased one hundred
and sixty acres of land on section n, Griggs-
ville township, and also one hundred and sixty
acres on the creek bottom. Both of these tracts
were slightly improved. He afterward returned
to Ohio for his family, then consisting of his
wife and two sons — Robert, who was born in
Boston, Massachusetts ; and George, whose birth
had occurred in Preble county, Ohio.

While living on section n, Griggsville town-
ship, Robert Seaborn had the misfortune to have
his house and all of its contents destroyed by
fire. This was the second accident of a serious
nature that had occurred to him, for he had pre-
viously lost all his possessions in a fire on ship-
board. He had sent his goods .from Boston to
Ohio by way of the sea to New Orleans, from

W. H. SEABORN

MRS.. W. H. SEABORN

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

which point they were to be brought up the
Mississippi and Illinois rivers, but the boat on
which the shipment had been made was entirely
destroyed by fire and all of his household effects,
books and other possessions were consumed in
the flames. Following the destruction of their
residence Mr. and Mrs. Seaborn and the family
had to live in a smokehouse for the season. This
structure was an old log building without any
floor and but poorly chinked and daubed. During
the year, however; his friends and neighbors
assisted him in erecting a frame residence which
was made of an inch-and-a-half planks stood on
end. The building was two stories in height and
after its completion he occupied it for several
years. For some time it seemed that every pos-
sible misfortune befell him. He sold his farm and
removed to Griggsville, where he lived for a
year, after which he purchased a farm on section
9, Griggsville township. That seemed the turn-
ing of the tide in his favor, for he afterward
prospered financially, meeting with success in all
of his business undertakings, his life thus again
proving that persistency of purpose and earnest
labor will eventually win a just reward.

In the midst of other troubles Mr. Seaborn
also lost his wife, who died on the 25th of March,
1842, leaving a family of five children. Two of
the number are yet living: George, who resides
in Brown county, Illinois ; and Caroline, the wife
of George Clark, a resident of Missouri. Those
who have passed away are: Robert, Henry C.
and Elizabeth. On the 2oth of April, 1843,
Mr. Seaborn was again married, his second union
being with Mrs. Mary Ann Bryant, a widow,
who was a daughter of John and Mary Hovey,
natives of Massachusetts, although for years they
resided in Pike county, Illinois. Four children
were born of this union : David R., a resident of
New Salem ; William H. ; Charles C. and Howard
M., deceased. The parents of our subject were
members of the Christian church and were prom-
inent and influential residents of the community,
respected for their genuine worth and their fi-
delity to principle at all times. Mr. Seaborn
departed this life April 19, 1880.

William H. Seaborn, whose name introduces
this review, supplemented his early educational

privileges by study in the Griggsville high school.
When he was but sixteen years of age he en-
listed in April, 1862, for three months' service
in the Union army and served for four months
in the Sixty-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry
under Captain D. F. Coffey. He enlisted at
Camp Butler, near Springfield ajid went to Wast-
ington, D. C., the regiment being encamped there
and at Alexandria guarding the rebel prisoners
during the battle of Bull Run. On the expira-
tion of his term of service Mr. Seaborn returned
home and soon afterward went west to St. Joseph,
Missouri, where he enlisted to fight the Indians,
serving under Generals Sibley and Sully. He was
on active duty all over the northwest and served
for two years, being most of the time in the
government employ. Saving his earnings, he
returned. home with eleven hundred dollars and
.his. father. g»veJiim»ati equal amount. He came to
Baylis, which was then called Pineville, and here,
with that he purchased one hundred and twenty
acres of land, making the investment about 1871.
He added to his property from time to time as his
financial resources have increased until he now
owns about five hundred acres. His original pur-
chase was made from Mr. Pine, the first owner of
the property. Mr. Seaborn has made his home
in the village of Baylis since January 19, 1902,
and has practically retired from the active work
of the farm. For a long period, however, he was
closely associated with agricultural interests, till-
ing the fields and also engaging extensively in
raising cattle, mules and hogs. A great believer
in blue grass, he fed his stock in the blue grass
pastures. He displays keen business discernment
and sound judgment in all transactions and more-
over is thoroughly reliable and enterprising.

In 1872, Mr. Seaborn was united in marriage
to Miss Sarah M. Reed, who was born in White
county, Tennessee, March 31, 1849, and is a
daughter of William P. and Nancy (Small) Reed.
Her parents came to Pike county about 1852, lo-
cating on a farm near Griggsville. Her father is
now living in Holstein, Nebraska, and is still a well
preserved man. He owns a ranch in that state
and is extensively engaged in stock-raising. In
his family were nine children, five of whom yet
survive, namely : Mrs. William H. Seaborn ;

282

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Mrs. R. D. Seaborn,, of New Salem; William
Reed, who is living in Whiting, Kansas; Mrs.
Carrie Mullady, who resides at Salina, Kansas;
and Frederick Reed, who is living in Holstein,
Nebraska. The mother passed away in 1892.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Seaborn have been born
two sons and a daughter, but the last named,
Maud, who was born in 1876, passed away in
1879. Robert Earl, who was born January n,
1878, married Grace Davidson and resides upon
the home farm a mile north of Baylis. William
Kyle, born February 26, 1886, married Myrtle
Rust, of Baylis, and resides near Fishhook, Illi-
nois.

In his political views Mr. Seaborn has been a
stalwart republican since age gave to him the
right of franchise but has never sought or desired
public office. His wife is a member of the Meth-
odist church. He is truly a self-made man and as
the architect of his own fortunes has builded
wisely and well. He has received little assistance
save the eleven hundred dollars which his father
gave him to aid him in making his first purchase
of land. By the careful husbanding of his re-
sources, by judicious investment and unfaltering
energy he has made for himself a place among
the substantial and wealthy residents of Pike
county, being now one of its large land owners.
Moreover his business affairs have been con-
ducted so honorably that he enjoys the unqual-
ified confidence of his fellow townsmen and is re-
garded as one of the leading and prominent resi-
dents of this part of the county.

CAPTAIN G. S. PENNINGTON.

From the time when the first train ran into
Pittsfield, Captain G. S. Pennington was station
agent through a period of thirty-five years, but
is now living retired and his rest is well merited
because of his long and active service in business
life. He was born March 15, 1841, in White
Hall, Greene county, Illinois, his parents being
Joel and Abigail (Goltra) Pennington. With his
parents he came to Pittsfield in 1848, traveling in
a covered wagon from Greene county and thus

the family was established here at an early day.
The parents were both natives of Middlesex
county, New Jersey, and were neighbors of the
parents of T. De Witt Talmage, the famous di-
vine. The Pennington family is of English lin-
eage and Joel Pennington came west at an early
day, settling in Greene county, where he made his
home until coming to Pike county in 1848. Here
he conducted a livery barn and afterward became
proprietor of the Kentucky House, of Pittsfield,
remaining as its landlord for thirty years. During
that entire period Scott Wike was one of his
boarders. He continued in the hotel business
up to the time of his death, which occurred July
27, 1890, when he had reached the advanced age
of seventy-two years. His wife survived until
1898. In their family were nine children, seven
of whom are yet living : Allie, a resident of
Pittsfield; Goyn S., of this review; William, who
is living in Pittsfield ; Charles, also a resident of
this city ; Emma, the wife of Dr. Dickey, of
Pittsfield: Mrs. Mary Hurst, of Howard. Kansas;
and Luther, who is living in Texas.

Captain Pennington was educated in Pittsfield
and in the Illinois College at Jacksonville, and
after leaving school secured a position in the office
of the circuit clerk in Pittsfield under George W.
Jones. In 1863 he responded to his country's
call for aid, enlisting in the 5th United States
Cavalry. He became contract clerk and thus
served until the close of the war. He assisted in
caring for the archives and indexing them, after
which they were shipped to Washington, D. C.
During his service he was chief clerk in the
United States mustering and disbursing office at
Springfield, under Captain S. S. Sumner, and this
position gave him the rank of captain and secured .
him the pay of that office. In his official capacity
he mustered in and also mustered out thousands of
troops which he also furnished with arms and
other equipments. He acted as mustering officer
at Centralia, Mattoon, Camp Butler, Springfield
and Peoria, and it is safe to say that no young
man in the state had a wider acquaintance among
the soldiers than Captain Pennington.

When the war was over Captain Pennington
returned to his home in Pike county but soon
afterward secured a position as salesman for C.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNT V

283

M. Smith & Company, general merchants, who
were conducting the largest store in Springfield
at that time. Mr. Smith was a brother-in-law of
President Lincoln. Captain Pennington spent two
years in this position and then came to Pittsfield,
where he embarked in the livery business with his
father, who was conducting the hotel at this place.
He was associated with this business for some
time, after which he accepted a clerkship in a
dry-goods store, where he was employed until
1869, when he became station agent for the Wa-
bash Railroad Corupany and as before stated filled
that position at the time the first train reached
Pittsfield. He acted as agent for thirty-five years,
or until the 26th of August, 1905, when he
resigned and is now living a retired life.

In 1867 Captain Pennington was united in mar-
riage with Miss Annette B. Stout, a daughter of
Daniel Barney, who came to Pike county in 1820,
and was one of the first settlers to establish a home
within its borders. All was wild and unimproved
at that time, little of the land having been re-
claimed for the purposes of civilization. Unto
Captain and Mrs. Pennington 'was born one child,
Frank Pennington, who is now station agent of
the W abash Company at Pittsfield Junction. The
wife and mother died about 1876, and in 1878
Captain Pennington was married again, his sec-
ond union being with Margaret Sutton,
who was born in Springfield in 1844.
and is a daughter of James C. Sutton,
of Sangamon count v, Illinois, whose brother
was the first mayor of Springfield. Mrs.
Pennington is one of a family of five children,
four of whom are yet living. By her marriage
she has become the mother of two sons and a
daughter: Jair.es S.. born in 1881, married Gene-
vk've I. Johnson, of Barry, and is now living in
Chicago. When he was twenty-one years of age
he was made private secretary to Vice President
Morton of the Santa Fe Railroad Company and
he is now secretary and treasurer of the Chicago
Shippers ( hiide Company. Charles E. Penning-
ton. born in 1883. is now bookkeeper for the
Chicago Coal and Coke Company. Susan C.,
born in 1885. was educated in Pittsfield, has also
been a student of music and is now at home with
her pirents. Both Captain and Mrs. Pennington
are members of the Congregational church and

they own and occupy a beautiful home on Wash-
ington street. In his political views Captain Pen-
nington is a democrat and for one year served as
alderman of Pittsfield but has never been active
in search for office. At the time he resigned his
position as station agent he was one of the oldest
employes in years of continuous service with the
Wabash Railroad Company and was a most popu-
lar official in Pittsfield, his courtesy and helpful-
ness winning him the highest regard of the pat-
rons of the road, while his efficiency and capabil-
ity justly entitled him to the trust of the corpora-
tion which he represented.

SAMUEL T. HASKINS.

Samuel T. Haskins, living on section 3, Hardin
township, is one of the prosperous and up-to-date
farmers and stock-raisers, whose farm comprises
three hundred and twenty acres. His capable
management and success in business entitle him
to mention as one of the representative citizens
of this locality, and moreover he is a native son
of Pike county, his birth having occurred on the
farm on which he now resides on the 22d of
October, 1863. He is a son of Otis A. Haskins
and a brother of W. H. Haskins, who is men-
tioned elsewhere in this work. In his father's
family were two sons and two daughters.

Samuel T. Haskins was reared upon the old
homestead farm and through the period of his
minority remained with his father and assisted
him in carrying on the work of the fields and
developing the property. He acquired his edu-
cation in the common schools and business col-
lege. After putting aside his text-books
he returned to the farm, remaining with
his father until the latter's death, when
he succeeded to the ownership of the
old homestead. He has since bought other lands,
from time to time increasing his property hold-
ings until he now owns over one thousand acres.
Upon the home place is a large residence and
there are also good barns and outbuildings. The
place is well fenced and is well improved in every
particular, constituting a valuable property. In
connection with his farming interests Mr. Has-

284

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

kins makes a business of raising high-grade cattle,
horses and hogs, fattening for the market each year
both cattle and hogs. He is a successful farmer,
stock-raiser and feeder, his business methods being
practical, while his enterprise and laudable am-
bition are salient features in his prosperity. He
is recognized as a good financier and one whose
steadfast purpose has enabled him to overcome
the difficulties and obstacles which are al-
ways encountered in a business career. He
has a wide and favorable acquaintance in Pike
county, where he has spent his entire life, having
witnessed much of its growth and development.
He is one of its progressive and wide-awake citi-
zens. Politically he has been a lifelong republi-
can, but has never sought or desired office, giving
his time to his farming and extensive business
interests. Matters of public moment, however,
receive his attention and any movement which he
believes will prove of general good is given his
hearty endorsement and co-operation.

HON. JOSEPH M. BUSH.

Hon. Joseph M..Bush, for many years a promi-
nent figure in political circles in Pike county, and
long connected with its journalistic interests has
but recently retired, at the age of more than
eighty years, from the editorship and manage-
ment of the Pike County Democrat. Such a rec-
ord of activity and successful accomplishment
should put to shame many a man of younger
years, who, growing tired of the burdens and
cares of business life, would relegate to others the
work that he should bear. Mr. Bush is too well
known to need introduction to the readers of this
volume. He was born in Pittsfield, Berkshire
county, Massachusetts, January 16, 1822, the eld-
est son of Colonel Daniel B. Bush, a prominent
lawyer, who served in the general assembly of
Massachusetts in 1828. The mother, who bore
the maiden name of Maria Merrick, was a
daughter of Deacon Joseph Merrick, and died in
the east about 1832. In 1834 Colonel Bush removed
to Pittsfield, Illinois, where he entered upon the
practice of law, and continued a member of the

bar until his death, which occurred in 1885, when
he had reached the advanced age of ninety-five
years and six months. When he came to Illinois
he left his son Joseph in Williams College, which
he had entered at the age of twelve years, and
from which he graduated with the class of 1838.
Among his classmates were Rev. Henry M. Field
and Ex-Lieutenant Governor Bross, of Chicago.

Following his graduation, Joseph M. Bush
came to Illinois and entered upon the study ot
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1843, his li-
cense to practice being signed by Stephen A.
Douglas, then one of the justices of the Illinois
supreme court. He at once entered upon the ac-
tive practice of his profession, but later turned
his attention to other pursuits. On the I4th of
March 1848, he was married to Miss Mary Alicia
Grimshaw, a native of Ireland and the second
daughter of John V. and Charlotte Grimshaw.
who came to this country from Belfast about 1832.
At the time of his marriage Mr. Bush began
farming and was continuously and actively con-
nected with agricultural pursuits until the spring
of 1866, during which time he became the owner
of a farm of two hundred and forty acres, which
he brought to a high state of cultivation, con -
ducting his work along modern lines. In the year
mentioned, however, he turned his attention to
other business interests.

In 1860, while still residing upon the farm, Mr.
Bush was appointed master in chancery of the
Pike county circuit court by the late distin-
guished jurist, Hon. C. L. Higbee, which office
he held until November, 1885, covering a period
of a quarter of a century. In 1858 he had been
appointed United States commissioner for the
southern district of the state of Illinois by the
Hon. S. H. Treat, and also occupied that posi-
tion for a quarter of a century. In 1865 he pur-
chased the Pike County Democrat, of which he
continued proprietor and editor until 1904, cov-
ering a period of thirty-nine years, when the busi-
ness was turned over to the management of his
sons who are now ably conducting the paper. He
made this a valuable organ of the democratic
party and kept it up to a high standard of modern
journalism. In 1870 he was elected to the state
senate from the thirtv-sixth central district and

^^K

J. M. BUSH

W«N

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

287

thus .became a -member of the first general as-
sembly held after the adoption of the present con-
stitution. He served on a number of important
committees but declined to be a candidate for re-
election, prefering to resume his editorial duties.
He has ever been active in all matters tending to
the advancement and prosperity of the commu-
nity which has so long been his home. He is a
stockholder and secretary of the company, which
in 1850 built twejve miles of plank road to the
Illinois river. He was the first secretary of the
Pike County Agricultural Society, established in
1850, and at various times he served as president
and director. He has likewise been president
and trustee of the board of education of Pitts-
field, and for more than twenty-five years was
a director and secretary* of the Louisiana & Pike
County Railroad. He has served as supervisor
of his township and has been identified with
practically all the public enterprises that have
contributed to the material development and
progress of this portion of the state.

In politics Mr. Bush has been unwavering in
his advocacy of the democracy, and his paper has
long been considered as it is at present, an influ-
ential factor in Illinois politics. Aside from his
editorial work, however, Mr. Bush has been
prominent in his labors for the principles of gov-
ernment in which he believes and has been a fre-
quent delegate to the state, congressional and
other conventions of his party. In 1868 he was
an alternate delegate to the national convention
held in New York.

Mrs. Bush died in 1885. Their four sons, Wil-
liam C.. Joseph M., Jr., Henry and Daniel B., are
all active and influential citizens of Pittsfield. An
older son and their only daughter died in 1864.
Socially Mr. Bush is a member of the Masonic
fraternity, with which he became identified prior
to the Civil war, and for two terms he served as
eminent commander of Ascalon commandery, K.
T. He has but recently retired after a long
and active connection with business life, being yet
deeply interested, however, in the great ques-
tions affecting the progress of the country along
the various lines of industrial and commercial
activity, and of intellectual and political advance-
ment. As the years have passed his labors have

found a just reward in a comfortable competence
and he is now pleasantly situated in a home,
where he has so long lived and labored, crowned
with both years and honors.

JOHN A. SMITH.

John A. Smith, proprietor of the leading liv-
ery barn of Pittsfield, is the owner of the fine
Palace stables, situated on the south side of the
square and is now in control of an extensive and
important business which is annually increasing.
He has lived in this county for fifty-two years and
is one of its substantial citizens. His birth oc-
curred in Covington, Kentucky, August 16, 1834,
his parents . being William and Angelina (Lan-
des^,) Smith. • The mother was a daughter of
Henry Laridess, .a, , soj-dier of the Mexican war.
She lived to be eighty-six years of age, while Mr'.
Smith departed this life at the age of sixty-six
years. They removed from Kentucky to High-
land county, Ohio, during the early boyhood of
their son John. The father was a farmer by oc-
cupation and continued a resident of the Buck-
eye state up to the time of his death. His many
excellent traits of character won him the re-
spect and confidence of the entire community,
and he was regarded as a leading and influential
citizen there. In the family were eleven children,
eight of whom are now living, three being resi-
dents of Pike county, namely: John A.; David,
who makes his home near Pearl ; and Isaac, who
is living in Pittsfield township.

John A. Smith was reared in the Buckeye state
and pursued his education in the common schools.
The school in his immediate neighborhood was
a primitive log structure, with puncheon floor
and split log benches. In 1853, John Scott, a
neighbor of the Smith family, planned to come to
the west with his family and induced Mr. Smith
of this review to come also. At that time he had
one horse, and, securing a wagon, he drove with
them across the country to western Illinois. They
crossed the Illinois river at Montezuma and made
their way to Time when there was but one store,
one dwelling and one schoolhouse in the village.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The party was eighteen days upon the road. The
first year after his arrival Mr. Smith was em-
ployed by Captain Westlake, and the succeeding
year by Wilson Adams. He afterward returned
to Ohio, but the same year came again to Illi-
nois with his uncle, David Smith, going to Liv-
ingston county, where they remained for a short
time. They had a hard winter there and in the
spring Mr. Smith returned to Pike county, where
he secured employment.

On the 5th of August, 1855, Mr. Smith was
united in marriage to Miss Mary Dinsmore, of
Pike county, and began his domestic life upon a
rented farm. After a year he purchased one hun-
dred and sixty acres of land near Time, on which
he built a log house with a big fire-place and
stick chimney. There he lived for a brief period,
after which he went to Time and purchased a
house and lot, making his home there while farm-
ing his land. He was thus engaged until the
outbreak of the Civil war, when he went to Ohio.
Subsequently he returned, however, to Pike
county and began buying horses for the army,
shipping them to St. Louis. Following the close
of hostilities, Mr. Smith turned his attention to
the grocery business, which he conducted in Time
for two years, and then purchased a half interest
in a flour mill for which he paid forty-nine hun-
dred dollars. In this enterprise he prospered, con-
ducting the mill for four years, when he sold out.
At a later date the plant was destroyed by fire.
On his retirement from the milling business, Mr.
Smith conducted a general store for three years,
after which he purchased ground and built a
mill. He then sold his store and operated the
mill, which was then the best mill in the county.
He continued in the manufacture of flour for
four years, when he sold out and about 1880
came to Pittsfield. Here he purchased and shipped
stock until 1883, when he began conducting a
feed and boarding stable and later he shipped
horses to Connecticut, representing the firm of
Binns & Dow for six years. In 1892 he took
charge of a livery barn for Mr. Binns, con-
tinuing the business for a year; and in 1897 he
began handling stock food for an Omaha firm.
He handled standard food and continued in the
business until July, 1902, when he became pro-

prietor of the livery barn which he is now con-
ducting. He lias a splendid business, keeping
from ten to sixteen head of horses ; and by reason
of his straightforward dealing and earnest effort
to please his customers, he has secured a very
liberal patronage. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Smith
have been born four children : Eva M., the wife
of Harry English, a merchant of Pittsfield; G.
R., who is now associated with his father ; Flora,
the wife of Dr. Russ, of Hillsboro, Ohio; and
Laura, the wife of John E. Huff, of Nebraska.
The wife and mother died in 1871, and Mr. Smith
has since married Lucy Allen, of Kentucky, by
whom he has one child, Leslie, now at home. Mr.
Smith is a member of the Mutual Aid Society.
He is a democrat, and though he has never sought
or desired public office 'has served on the town
board. His wife is a member of the Christian
church, and both Mr. and Mrs. Smith are highly
esteemed in the locality where they reside. He
has ever led a busy life and his activity has re-
sulted in bringing to him a business which is
now large and profitable.

SAMUEL GEORGE KENDRICK.

Samuel George Kendrick, whose life portrayed
many manly virtues and commendable character-
istics and whose death therefore was the occasion
of deep and wide-spread regret among the many
friends whom he had made in Pike county, was
a native of Ireland, his birth having occurred near
Ferns, County Wexford, on the i6th of M:irch,
1825. His parents were Samuel and Isabelle
(Sculley) Kendricks and he was reared upon the
home farm until 1846, when at the age of twenty-
one years he left the parental roof and was married
to Miss Anna Jacob, a daughter of Thomas and
Anna (Rath well) Jacob. They began their
domestic life in Ireland but in the winter of 1848
emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans,
whence they made their way northward to Cin-
cinnati. Ohio, where their first child, William,
was born, but he iived to be only six months old.

In 1852 Mr. Kendrick and his wife came to
Pike county, Illinois, first settling near Rockport,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

hut later he invested in eighty acres of land lying
in the northeastern part of Derry township. To
this farm he removed with his family and began
the further development and cultivation of the
property. Throughout his entire life his time and
energies were given to farm work and it was
through this source that he acquired a comfort-
able competence and became one of the substan-
tial citizens of his adopted county.

When Air. and Mrs. Kendrick took up their
abode upon the old homestead in Derry township
they had one daughter, Isabelle, who was born
June 12, 1853, and who on the 3Oth of December,
1869, became the wife of Francis M. Stamback.
They now reside in Sedgwick county, Kansas.
The second daughter, Susan, was born September
5, 1855, and was married February n, 1875,
to George E. Martin. She died in June, 1892, at
her home near Warrensburg, Missouri, leaving a
husband and seven children to mourn her loss.
On the Qth of December, 1858, Mr. Kendrick
was bereft of his first wife, who died leaving two
little daughters to his care and on the loth of
March, 1859, lie was married to Anna Eliza Jacob,
a daughter of Samuel and Rebecca (Clare) Jacob
and a niece of Sir M. B. and Lady Clare of
County Carlo, Ireland, who now reside in Pitts-
field, Illinois. The first child of the second mar-
riage was Rebecca Eleanor, who was born Feb-
ruary 5, 1860, and was married to Peter Phen-
neger, February 5. 1880. They now reside in
Sedgwick county, Kansas. Emma Jane, born
December 14, 1862, was married December 15,
1878, to Andrew Irick and they reside in Derry
township, Pike county, Illinois. Dora A., born
November 4, 1864, died on the I2th of December
following. Mary Evaline, born November 14,
1865, was married February u, 1889, to Mc-
Clellan Harshman, and they now reside in Derry
township near the old Kendrick homestead.
George Irwin, born June 20, 1865, was married
February 15, 1891, to Eva Wilson, a daughter of
the Rev. O. L. Wilson, and they now reside in
Pittsfield. Anna Eliza was born June 30, 1872,
and on the 2gth of July, 1890, became the wife of
Loren Windmillcr, a resident of Pittsfield. Sam-
uel Jacob was born March 14, 1876, and died
November 30, 1879. Grace Mildred, born Feb-

ruary 23, 1878, was married to William J. Bell,
April n, 1900. They reside at Visalia, California.
Dora Elizabeth, born July 6, 1881, was married
December 24, 1902, to Frank I. Barrum and is
living in Clinton, Illinois. Edith Clare, born Feb-
ruary 15, 1884, died December 8, 1886. Arcade
John was born September 20, 1886. Both sons
are graduates of Brown's Business College. Mrs.
Kendrick has spent much time in California,
and for four months she and her younger son
traveled through England and Ireland.

Mr. Kendrick devoted his entire life to general
agricultural pursuits and found in his well direct-
ed labor, careful management and practical busi-
ness methods the key which unlocks the portal of
success. As the years passed by he prospered
in his undertakings; made judicious investment in
property and left a large estate, which at his death
was divided among his widow and his children.
He died at his beautiful country home, which had
been recently erected, on the loth of March, 1889.
He filled several places of honor and trust, was
recognized as a stanch republican and was a man
of the highest integrity. A kind and loving hus-
band, his best traits of character were reserved for
his family and yet all who knew him found in
him a man worthy of their best regard, while
many entertained for him the warmest friendship,
and his genuine worth endeared him to a large
number of those with whom he came in contact.
For long years he was classed with the rep-
resentative agriculturists of Pike county, and he
is now enrolled among her honored dead.

Samuel B. Jacob, the father of Mrs. Kendrick,
was a native of County Wexford, Ireknd, and a
son of Thomas and Anna (Rathwell) Jacob. He
was married in Ireland, July 19, 1844, to Rebecca
Clare, and they came to the United States on the
same ship with Mr. Kendrick. They first located
in Kentucky, where Mr. Jacob owned and oper-
ated a farm, but when Mrs. Kendrick was twelve
years of age, he brought his family to Pike county,
Illinois, settling two and a half miles southwest
of Eldara, where he became the possessor of a
fine farm of three hundred and twenty acres. He
died there June 28, 1884, at the age of fifty-nine
years, and his wife passed away December 27,
1888, at the age of sixty-seven years. In their

290

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

family were nine children, of whom four died in
infancy, including John, who was two years old
at the time of his death. The others were all
married when the father departed this life. They
were Mrs. Kendrick; Mrs. Susan Thomas, who
died January 5, 1905; Rebecca, wife of William
Stamback, of Kansas; Mrs. Emma J. Troutwine,
living on one-half of the old homestead farm in
Pleasant Vale township ; and Esther, wife of Wil-
liam Easley, who also lives on the old home farm.
The father of this family was an active member
of the Methodist Episcopal church; South, and
was superintendent of the Sunday-school. »

JOHN W. WILLIAMS.

John W. Williams, one of the active, energetic
farmers and stock-raisers of Pike county, car-
rying on his work along lines of modern agri-
cultural progress, is living on section 22, Hardin
township, where he owns and operates a farm of
one hundred and sixty acres of rich land, which
with its good improvements and productive soil
constitutes a valuable property. He is a native
son of the county, born on the farm where he now
resides, March i, 1866. His father, Captain
Henry J. Williams, was a native of Kentucky,
and was a son of Squire Williams, who came from
the Blue Grass state to Illinois with his family
during the pioneer epoch in the history of this
section of the state. Captain Williams spent his
youth here, and was married to Miss Ruth
Chenowith, a native of Illinois. Captain Williams
was a prominent farmer and successful agricul-
turist and business man, whose carefully directed
labors and judicious investments made him the
owner of thirteen hundred acres of Pike county's
rich farming land. He reared his family and
spent the evening of his life in this locality, and
he is still survived by his wife, who resides in
Hardin township. She has two hundred and
forty acres one-fourth mile west of Tine.

John W. Williams was reared upon the old
homestead farm, and is indebted to the public-
school system for the educational privileges he-
enjoyed. He was married in Hardin township,

on the I4th of November, 1891, to Miss Lillian
Watts, a native of Pike county, born in Milton.
Her girlhood was largely passed in Milton, where
she lived with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Mat-
thew D. Watts. Her father was a native of Eng-
land, and was a son of John Watts, who emi-
grated from that country to the new world with
his family, taking up his abode in Pike county
when his son Matthew was a lad of only seven
years. The latter therefore spent his youth largely
in Illinois, and was married here to Miss Delia
Barnes, a native of Missouri. They began
housekeeping where they now reside, Mr. Wil-
liams devoting his entire life and energies to the
occupation of farming. He has fenced his place,
has improved his buildings, and has now a well
equipped property, on which the accessories of a
model farm are all found. The fields are well
tilled, and he annually harvests good crops. He
also raises and feeds 'stock, making a specialty
of hogs, sheep and cattle. He is likewise in-
terested in fine poultry, and is raising pure
blooded Plymouth Rock chickens, having a large
and fine flock. He is also a breeder of thor-
oughbred Scotch collie dogs.

Mr. and Mrs. Williams have become the par-
ents of four children, of whom three are living,
Lewis Vernon, their first born, having died at the
age of seven years. Those still surviving are :
Mary Ruth, Matthew Dean and John Merrill. Mr.
Williams exercises his right of franchise in sup-
port of the men and measures of the democracy,
but has ever been without aspiration for public of-
fice. His wife is a member of the Christian church,
and both hold membership with the organization
of Woodmen, the former with the camp, and the
latter with its auxiliary, the Royal Neighbors.
Mr. Williams is numbered among the citizens
whose life history proves the attractiveness of
Pike county as a place of residence, for he has
always maintained his abode here, enjoying the
good advantages here afforded and finding in the
business conditions of this section of the state
ample opportunity for the exercise of his talents
and energies. He has continuously resided upon
the farm which is yet his home ; and he is an
active and prosperous agriculturist and stock-
raiser, and a man of good business ability, in-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

291

tegrity and upright character and worth. He
and his estimable wife are much esteemed in the
county where they live.

JOHN CRAVEN, SR.

John Craven, Sr., who for many years was
identified with agricultural interests in .Pike
county, but is now living a retired life in Griggs-
ville, was born in Morgan county, Illinois, Febru-
ary 13, 1835, n's parents being John and Esther
(Warton) Craven. The father was born in York-
shire, England, January 7, 1802, while the moth-
er's birth occurred in 1812. They were married
in England and the same year — 1831 — crossed
the Atlantic in a sailing vessel, which was eight
weeks in completing that voyage. They settled
in the wilds of Morgan county, Illinois — for
that district was then a frontier region. Their
home was six miles west of Jacksonville, and
there they lived in a little log cabin during the
first winter after the "big snow" in Illinois. Mr.
Craven first purchased eighty acres of land, and
with characteristic energy began its cultivation
and improvement, continuing to carry on farming
in Morgan county until 1850, when he came to
Pike county, settling on section 20, Griggsville
township, where he followed both farming and
stock-raising on a tract of land of two hundred
and fourteen acres. In connection with the culti-
vation of the fields he raised both cattle and hogs,
devoting his attention to the work of the farm
until 1865, when he purchased seventy acres of
land, which he then rented. He lived upon that
property, however, in the enjoyment of a well
earned rest up to the time of his death. He be-
longed to the Episcopal church and gave his po-
litical support to the whig party. As a pioneer
settler, he contributed in a large measure to the
welfare and upbuilding of the localities in which
he lived, and his genuine worth gained for him
the respect and trust of his fellowmen.

No event of special importance occurred to
vary the routine of farm life for John Craven of
this review during the period of his boyhood and
youth. He worked in the fields and meadows
through the summer months, and in the winter

seasons acquired a good practical education by at-
tending the public schools. Soon after his mar-
riage he began farming and stock-raising on his
own account, and followed that business continu-
ously until 1899, when he bought a home in the
city of Griggsville, where he has since lived re-
tired. In all of his farm work he was practical,
energetic and enterprising, and his carefully di-
rected labors brought him the competence that
now enables him to rest from further business
care.

Mr. Craven was married on the i2th of May,
1864, to Miss Henrietta George, who was born
October 17, 1837, in London, England, a daugh-
ter of Samuel and Mary (Granger) George. The
father was born in Northamptonshire, England,
in 1797, and was of Quaker parentage, while
his wife was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1798.
They were married in the city of London in 1825,
and in 1847 came to. the United States, leaving
their native land on Christmas day as passengers
on board a sailing vessel bound for New Orleans.
Thence they proceeded up the Mississippi rive-
to St. Louis and on to Griggsville Landing, in
Pike county, being nine weeks on the way. They
arrived in April and soon afterward located about
a mile and a half west of Griggsville, where they
lived for five years, after which they took up their
abode on another farm about a mile and a half
farther west, remaining there for seven years.
On the expiration of that period Mr. George
purchased a farm in Brown county, Illinois, upon
which he carried on general agricultural pursuits
and stock-raising, having a fine grade of cattle
and hogs. For a long period he lived an active
and enterprising life and then retired some years
prior to his demise. He never cared for public
office, preferring to concentrate his attention upon
his business affairs. Both he and his wife were
members of the Church of England; and his po-
litical allegiance was given to the republican
party. In their family were three children, all
born in London : John, who was born in 1826,
and is now living in Griggsville; Elizabeth, who
was born in 1830 and died in 1860 ; and Mrs.
Craven.

Unto our subject and his wife have been born
six children : George, who died in infancy ; Mary

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

E., born in 1866; Annie, in 1869; Maud and Vir-
ginia, twins, in 1873 ; and John, in October, 1876.
This name has been handed down to the eighth
generation in direct line. Mr. and Mrs. Craven
hold membership in the Episcopal church ; and in
politics he is independent, voting for the candi-
date whom he thinks best qualified for office with-
out regard to party affiliation. For more than a
half century Mr. Craven has lived in this county
and throughout the period of his entire life cov-
ering three score years and ten, has been a resi-
dent of Illinois. While living the quiet life of the
farmer, he has always kept in touch with the
progress of events marking the history of his
community and his country, and in local affairs
has given his support to measures for the general
good. His mind bears the impress of the early
historic annals of the county, and he is familiar
with the many changes that have brought about
the present condition of advanced progress and
prosperity in connection with the business life
of Pike county.

ISAAC S. CON'KRIGHT.

Isaac S. Conkright, proprietor of a grocery
and confectionery store in Salem, also closely
connected with agricultural interests in various
departments and well known as a breeder of
throughbred horses, was born September 28,
1838, on what is known as the Conkright place
about a mile from his present home. His fa-
ther, Isaac Conkright, Sr., was a native of Ken-
tuck}', and came to Illinois at an early day, set-
tling upon the farm upon which the birth of our
subject occurred. The paternal grandfather also
bore the name of Isaac Conkright,- and on coming
to Pike county with his son Isaac, took up land
from the government, which has since been in
possession of the family. He was a factor in the
pioneer development of this part of the state and
aided in laying broad and deep the foundation
for the present prosperity and progress of the
county. Isaac Conkright, father of our subject,
continued a resident of Pike county from the time
of his arrival here in pioneer days until his de-

mise, and was regarded as one of the leading
agriculturists and corn-raisers in this part of the
state. He also owned soni«' land in Kansas, ami
he found that through the utilization of his busi
ness opportunities he could secure a competence.
Gradually he worked his way upward, becoming1
one of the substantial residents of this part of the
state. In his family were six children, of whom
three are now living : Isaac S., of this review ;
Mrs. Sarah Preble, who resides in New Salem;
and Mrs. Elizabeth Doane, who is living in Colo-
rado Springs, Colorado.

Isaac S. Conkright was educated in the com-
mon schools of Pike county, and was reared to
farm labor, early becoming familiar with the va-
rious duties that fall to the lot of the agriculturist.
For forty-five years he engaged in threshing. In
1866 he purchased his present home and has oc-
cupied it continuously since. He owns two hun-
dred and seventy-one acres of fine land under
a high state of cultivation, the place being well
improved with all modern equipments and acces-
sories. He erected the residence and other build
ings upon the place and has kept his farm in a
splendid condition, embodying all the rules of the
progressive agriculturist. He was extensively
engaged in wheat-raising at an earlier day, but
afterward turned his attention to the raising of
stock, more particularly cattle and hogs. He op-
erated a thresher, clover huller and feed mill and
in this way added to his income as the years
passed by. He is likewise well known as a breeder
of horses and now owns two fine thoroughbred
stallions, one Blackhawk and one Belgian. He
is well known as a horse breeder, and in this
branch of his business, as well as in other lines,
has met with success. He also owns a grocery and
confectionery store and ice cream parlor in New
Salem, and is owner of the town hall there.

Mr. Conkright was united in marriage to Miss
Harriet Bean, who was born upon the farm where
she now resides. She is a daughter of John
Bean, who came to Pike county with his father,
and entered land from the government in pioneer
times, this being the farm upon which Mr. and
Mrs. Conkright now reside. They have two
sons : John, who married Hannah Chancy and
lives near his father; and Bert, who resides upon

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

293

the homestead farm. He married Miss Nettie
Slaughter, who died leaving four children, and he
afterward wedded Lula. Harris. John Conkright
has a family of six children.

In his political views Mr. Conkright is an earn-
est and stalwart republican, but has never sought
or desired office, preferring to concentrate his en-
ergies upon his business affairs. He and his wife
are members of the Universalist church, of New
Salem ; and in the community where they reside
they enjoy the confidence and good will of all
with whom they 'have been associated through
social or business relations. Mr. Conkright has
never used tobacco in any form, and deserves
much credit for what he has achieved. Realizing
the truth of the old Greek adage, "Earn thy re-
ward: the gods give naught to sloth," he has
labored persistently and energetically as the years
have gone by, doing much hard work and thus
gaining the success which always comes as the
direct result of earnest purpose and energetic
effort. He is widely known in the community
and his many friends admire him for what he has
accomplished as well as for his commendable
personal characteristics.

DAVID W. STONER.

David W. Stoner, who was for years one of
the substantial farmers and business men of Pike
county and now owns a well improved farm in
Detroit township is a representative of the little
band of pioneer settlers who are yet living to
tell the tale of early experiences in this part of
the state. He has lived within a mile and a quar-
ter of Detroit since 1843, ancl nas therefore wit-
nessed almost the entire growth and progress that
has been made in this locality. A native of Eng-
land, he was born in Yorkshire on the 22d of Oc-
tober, 1831, and is a son of Thomas Stoner, who
comes of a long line of Scotch ancestry. He was
born, however, in England and was married there
to Miss Anna Maria Waide, a native of England.
Mr. Stoner was a miller by trade and in order
to provide for his family followed that
pursuit in his native countrv until after the

birth of five of his children. In 1843 he emi-
grated to the new world, landing at New York,
whence he made his way westward to Pike
county, settling on a farm that is now owned
by his son, David W. Stoner. He purchased one
hundred and twenty acres of partially improved
land and began the further development and culti-
vation of this property. Later he removed to the
village of Detroit, where his death occurred in
1878. His first wife died in 1861 and he after-
ward married Gelina Staples.

David W. Stoner of this review is one of a
family of three sons and one daughter. The
first eleven years of his life were spent in his
native country, and he then accompanied his par-
ents on the voyage to the new world and was
reared upon the old home farm in Detroit town-
ship. As his age and strength permitted he as-
sisted in the arduous task of reclaiming the wild
land for the uses of civilization and he shared
with the family in the various hardships and trials
incident to pioneer life. His educational privi-
leges were necessarily limited, owing to the fact
that this was a frontier district ; but he has
greatly broadened his knowledge since attaining
man's estate. To his father he gave the benefit
of his services until after he had attained his
majority, and was then married in Griggsville
on the ist of December, 1853, to Miss Maria
Dean, a native of Connecticut, and a daughter of
Hiram L. Dean, who was born and reared in that
state. He was also married there to Miss Wealthy
M. Saunders, a native of the same place. In
1836 Mr. Dean came to Pike county, being one of
the first settlers to aid in the reclamation of a
wild and unimproved region. Mrs. Stoner was
reared and educated here. In the course of years
Mr. Stoner of this review succeeded to the old
homestead farm, where he carried on general
agricultural pursuits for several years. In 1867
he removed to Polk county, Wisconsin, in order
to improve his health, making his way to the
pineries. He benefited by the change, and in
1868 he returned to Pike county, where he em-
barked in merchandising in Detroit. After two
years' connection with this business he resumed
agricultural pursuits where he farmed until 1883,
when he removed to Detroit and purchased resi-

294

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

dence property, adding to and remodeling his
house and now has a good home, where he lives
retired.

Mr. and Mrs. Stoner had five children, of
whom one son, George, died at the age of thirteen
years, his death being occasioned by an accident.
Anna is the wife of Charles Sneeden, who is op-
erating the old home farm; and they have five
children. Emma is with her parents. Mary died
at the age of sixteen years. They also had one
child who died in infancy.

Politically Mr. Stoner has been a lifelong
democrat, having supported the party since cast-
ing his first presidential ballot for Franklin
Pierce in 1852. While living on the farm he
served as highway commissioner and also as su-
pervisor for one year after which he resigned. He
has also been a believer in good schools and the
employment of good teachers, and has been an
advocate of substantial and practical progress.
His wife and daughter are members of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church. For over sixty years
Mr. Stoner has made his home in Pike county
and is numbered among the few remaining old
settlers. He is a gentleman of broad integrity
and of sterling character and worth and he has
witnessed the many changes that have occurred,
his mind bearing the impress of the early his-
toric annals of the state. He also deserves con-
siderable credit for what he has accomplished in
the business world for he started out empty-
handed and is today in possession of a handsome
competence, which now enables him to rest in the
enjoyment of a well earned ease.

THOMAS SHOEMAKER.

Thomas Shoemaker, for many years a most
prominent and honored citizen of Griggsville, so
interwove his interests with those of the city and
so endeared himself to his fellow townsmen that
his death came as a personal bereavement to the
great majority of those who had been associated
with him in social, business or church relations.
He was born on the 7th of September, 1840, in
Pahaquary, New Jersey, his parents being Ben-

jamin T. and Ila (Hovvell) Shoemaker, both of
whom were natives of New England, and the
father followed farming in Sussex county, New
Jersey, before his removal to Illinois. He was
born February 10, 1812, and it was on the I3th of
November, 1834, that he wedded Miss Ila Howell,
whose birth had occurred January 18, 1809. She
died May 3. 1860, and on the 4th of March, 1863,
he married Airs. Ellen (Voorhees) Felmly,
of Somerville, New Jersey, who now makes her
home in Perry. In 1868 he emigrated westward
to Illinois, where he followed the occupation of
farming and stock-raising. He was a strong tem-
perance man and delivered many lectures in sup-
port of temperance principles. Both he and his
wife were members of the Presbyterian church in
Perry and his political allegiance was given to
the republican party. Unto Mr. Shoemaker and
his first wife there were born seven children, of
whom only one is now living, Mrs. E. S. Hoyt,
whose husband is cashier of the Griggsville Na-
tional Bank. By the second marriage there were
four children, all residents of Perry.

Thomas Shoemaker spent his youth upon the
home farm in Sussex county, New Jersey, and at
the age of eighteen years began teaching, which
profession he followed for two years. On the ex-
piration of that period he responded to the coun-
try's call for aid and enlisted in Company I of the
Seventh Regiment of New Jersey Volunteers,
which was assigned to the Army of the Potomac.
For three years he endured the hardships and dan-
gers meted out to a soldier and took part in a
number of important engagements but came out
of the service without wounds. He was in the
battle of Malvern Hill, the second battle of Bull
Run, Bristow Station, Wilderness, Spottsylvania,
North Anna, Cold Harbor, the second battle of
Petersburg and Appomattox. He was also in
many minor engagements, skirmishes and raids
and though he was never wounded his health was
greatly impaired by his arduous service and in
fact he never regained his former state of vigor-
ous manhood.

Not long after the close of the war Mr. Shoe-
maker came to Pike county, Illinois, settling in
Perry in 1866. There he secured a position in
the drug store of Freeman & Dunn and later en-

THOMAS SHOEMAKER

Of THf
WNIVEKStTf 0» 1UINOIS.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

297

tered into partnership with his brother-in-law, Mr.
Freeman, which connection was continued until
1872, when Mr. Shoemaker came to Griggsville
and from that time until his death his name was
a familiar one in commercial circles in this city.
He established a store here and continued its con-
duct with gratifying success up to the time of his
demise. His unusual executive ability, thorough-
ness, public spirit and generosity were character-
istics which gave him prominence in the com-
munity. The Independent Press of Griggsville
said of him : "For many years Mr. Shoemaker has
been one of Griggsville's foremost citizens, pro-
gressive and zealous in business, honored and be-
loved in society and ever among the foremost in
promoting the public welfare. Few among our
citizens have had more devoted friends, and
among them he was ever a leader and influential
counselor. While he was a close and aggressive
business man, and thoroughly looked after the
many details of his extensive interests, yet in all
public enterprises he was generous and public
spirited. He gave freely both of his time and
money to religious interests and to all public en-
terprises that seemed for the good of the com-
munity. In forwarding its material interests, in
providing suitable accommodations for public
gatherings, in ministering to the intellectual de-
velopment of our people, and in practical charity
he was always a leader and a generous contrib-
utor. Though a reticent man, his friendships
were strong and lasting, and those who were most
closely associated with him in business, by the
campfire or in social life will miss his helpful com-
panionship. Self-control was possibly his strong-
est element of character. In all the storm and
stress of life, no matter what the provocation, he
never lost command of himself, and his unfailing
serenity, reasonableness and charity won for him
the sincere respect of all."

It was on the i6th of March, 1870, that Mr.
Shoemaker was united in marriage to Miss Anna
E. Vertrees, of Perry, a daughter of Jacob and
Nancy (Hobbs) Vertrees, both of whom were na-
tives of Kentucky, but were married in Illinois.
The father came to this state at an early day, set-
tling in Perry township upon the present site of
the village of Perry and there he built the first
16

house. He was a carpenter by trade and followed
that pursuit for a number of years, erecting many
buildings in Perry and throughout the surround-
ing district. He also bought a farm which he im-
proved, transforming the place into a tract of rich
fertility, and he carried on general agricultural
pursuits and stock-raising up to within ten years
of his death. He held many public offices and was
widely recognized as one of the leading, influen-
tial and honored residents of Perry township. He
took a very active and helpful interest in temper-
ance work, was a member of the Sons of Temper-
ance, and bo{h he and his wife were devoted mem-
bers of the. .Baptist church. His political alle-
giance, was .given- te thf ivhig party.

Mr. and Mrs. Shoemaker had two children but
their son Winfred met a tragic death in 1899. He
was married November 8, 1894, to Miss Mary
Alice Hoyt, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. S.
Hoyt, of Griggsville, and at his death he left
two children, Charles Hoyt and Katrina, who re-
side with their mother in Griggsville. The daugh-
ter, Louise, was married October 9, 1901, to Ar-
thur Warren Butterfield, of Griggsville, who now
has charge of the store owned by Mrs. Shoe-
maker.

While a member of the army Mr. Shoemaker
also became a member of the church, uniting with
the Presbyterian church at Somerville, New Jer-
sey. In 1872 he became a member of the Con-
gregational church in Griggsville and he was ever
one of its faithful, generous and influential repre-
sentatives. He likewise belonged to Griggsville
lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A. M., and he was held
in the highest esteem by his brethren in the craft
as well as in the church. As he found opportunity
he traveled quite widely for enlightenment and
pleasure and, accompanied by his wife, he several
times visited his native state, also traveled through
Colorado. California and other parts of the west.
He thus broadened his knowledge, gaining that
comprehensive culture which only travel can
bring. He stood as a high type of American man-
hood, quick to recognize the good in others and
exemplyfying in his own life those sterling traits
of character which everywhere command respect
and confidence. He passed away January 7, 1903,
when in the sixty-third year of his age, and his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

death was deeply deplored because he had many
warm friends who missed his kindly companion-
ship, his wise counsel and his helpful spirit. Most
of all his death was felt in his own household for
the best traits of character were reserved his own
family.

EDWARD L. CLAYTON.

Edward L. Clayton has been manager of the
Pike County Telephone Company since its or-
ganization in 1898, and has displayed excellent
business ability in its control. He is one of the
native sons of the county, born in Pittsfield on
the 2d of March, 1867, his parents being Wil-
liam H. and Helena- (Dillingham) Clayton, in
whose family were five children, Edward L.
being the youngest. The others were: Julia B.,
William M., Fred H. and Nettie M. Clayton, all
of whom are living with the exception of. Nettie,
who died in May, 1885. The father was one of
the pioneer residents of Pike county, contributed
to its commercial development and for many
years was actively engaged in the hardware busi-
ness in Pittsfield. He died November 6, 1902,
and is still survived by his wife, who is yet living
in Pittsfield at the advanced age of seventy-three
years.

Edward L. Clayton is indebted to the public-
school system of Pittsfield for the educational
privileges which he enjoyed and which qualified
him for life's practical and responsible duties.
He learned the tinner's trade after putting aside
his text-books and was thus engaged for ten
years. He then came to Milton as manager for
W. H. Clayton & Sons, dealers in hardware,
occupying that position for seven years, on the
expiration of which period the firm sold out
to S. S. Landess. He is now one of the members
of the Clayton Hardware Company of Pittsfield
and for two years before severing his connec-
tion with the hardware trade in Milton he was
connected with the telephone company and for
the past three or four years, has devoted his entire
attention to the management of the business,
which under his capable control has steadily-
grown until telephones have been installed in al-

most every business house on its lines and in
many private residences as well.

Mr. Clayton has been married twice. He first
wedded Lillie M. Petty and unto them was born
a son, Carroll L. Clayton. The wife and mother
died August 27, 1897, and Mr. Clayton was
married on the 28th of November, 1899, to Dora
O. Anthony, a daughter of James C. and Cathar-
ine (Jenkins) Anthony. Her father died in
April, "1903, and the mother is now living in
Bethel, Illinois. Mr. Clayton belongs to the
Knights of Pythias fraternity and to the Modern
Woodmen camp and he is honored and respected
as a business man of ability, whose advancement
and success are attributable entirely to his own
efforts. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Clayton is
the center of a cultured society circle in Milton
and the number of their friends is constantly
growing.

JOHN E. DINSMORE.

On the roster of county officials in Pike county
appears the name of John E. Dinsmore, who in
1904 was elected to the position of circuit clerk
and who in the discharge of his duties has proved
a capable and reliable official. He was born in
Hardin township, June 13, 1859, his parents being
John C. and Priscilla (Barney) Dinsmore. The
father was born in Fleming county, Kentucky,
in 1822 and when four years of age was brought
to Scott county, Illinois, by his parents, who
about 1830 removed to Pike county. The father
engaged in farming in Hardin township, where
he owned a good tract of land, and he also de-
voted his attention to raising stock. His business
interests were capably managed and he continued
to reside upon his farm until his death, which
occurred February, 16, 1874. His widow still
survives him and is now living in Jacksonville,
Illinois, at the age of seventy-three years. When
he arrived in Pike county he purchased raw
land, which he cultivated and improved, and
in due course of time he had developed excellent
farming property. He had served in the Mexican
war, for which he was given land warrants which
he traded for a half section of land. In 1849 ne

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

299

went to California, making the overland trip with
a company from St. Joseph, Missouri. There
were four Dinsmore brothers in the party, but
two of them died while on the Pacific coast. Mr.
Dinsmore of this review spent a year and a half
in California, from 1849 untu 1851, and in his
mining operations there he was quite successful,
arriving home with a goodly sum of money. The
return trip was made by way of the Isthmus of
Panama. At the time of the Civil war he again
responded to his country's call, and in 1863 raised
a company of which he was commissioned captain,
it being Company E, Ninety-ninth Regiment of
Illinois Volunteers. He served until he was
forced to resign on account of ill health. During
his two years' service in the Mexican war he
was under command of Colonel Hardin, of Jack-
sonville, Illinois, who fell into Mr. Dinsmore's
arms when he was shot and died in that way. Mr.
Dinsmore was a democrat in his political views
and at one time was a candidate for sheriff of
Pike county. He served for some time as town-
ship supervisor and filled other township offices.
Both he and his wife were members of the
Christian church and were people of the highest
respectability, enjoying in large measure the
friendship and regard of those with whom they
were associated. In their family were eleven
children, of whom seven reached years of ma-
turity : Virginia, who is engaged in the practice
of medicine at Jacksonville, Illinois; Tilla, also
residing in that city ; Alfred A., who is in the
west; John E. ; Dora, who died when seventeen
years of age ; George, a practicing physician of
Jacksonville ; and J. W., who is a member of the
medical fraternity at Nebo, Illinois.

John E. Dinsmore pursued his education in
the common schools and entered business life
when twenty-one years of age. He farmed at
home until December, 1904. when he removed to
Pittsfield. In 1890 his mother went to Jack-
sonville to live. He and his sister own two
hundred and forty acres of fine farm land on
sections 23 and 26, Hardin township, constitut-
ing a well improved property. Mr. Dinsmore now
superintends his farm and when he resided there-
on he also engaged in raising and shipping stock,
buying and feeding cattle, horses and hogs.

Mr. Dinsmore was married in 1880 to Miss
Laura Hatcher, a native of Pike county, who was
born near Milton, May 25, 1861, and is a daugh-
ter of John and Rebecca (Boren) Hatcher. The
father's birth occurred in Kentucky, while the
mother's birth occurred in Pike county, her par-
ents having been pioneer settlers here. Mr.
Hatcher was a farmer, owning and operating a
good tract of land, but both he and his wife
are now deceased. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dinsmore
have been born eight children : Jessie, Carrie,
John, Katharine, Helen, Ernestine, Mildred and
Hugh.

Mr. Dinsmore is a member of the Modern
Woodmen camp, No. 2313, at Time, and also
belongs to lodge No. 569, A. F. & A. M., at
Time, and Milton chapter, "No. 118, R. A. M.,
while his wife is a devoted member of the Christ-
ian church. He has been a democrat all of his
life and while living upon the farm served for
sixteen years as justice of the peace. In 1904
he was elected circuit clerk and removed to Pitts-
field, where he now resides with his family. He
has ever been loyal to the trusts reposed in him,
whether of a public or private nature, and his
life has ever been honorable and upright. By the
faithful performance of his daily duties he has
found courage and strength for the work of the
next day and in all life's relations has been
straightforward and reliable.

GRANVILL O. SMITH.

Granvill O. Smith is the cashier of the Hillview
Bank, in Greene county, Illinois, which is a branch
of the Bank of Pearl. He was born in Pike
county about three miles east of Perry on the
roth of August, 1886, and is a son of George M.
and Hattie J. (Wilkins) Smith. His father is
now serving as sheriff of Pike county. The
mother died June 22, 1904, in Pittsfield. When
only two years of age Granvill O, Smith was taken
by his parents to Griggsville, where he acquired
his preliminary education. The family afterward
removed to Pittsfield in 1902 and he there attend-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ed school for two years. He next went to Quincy,
Illinois, where he pursued a ten months' course
in the Gem City Business College, and on the
3Oth of June, 1905, he returned to Pittsfielcl,
where he secured the position of cashier in the
Hillview Bank, which he is now filling. This is
an excellent and responsible position for a young
man of his years and he has made a splendid start
which argues well for greater honors and pros-
perity as the years advance.

GEORGE H. WIKE.

George H. Wike is engaged in the insurance
business in Barry, his native city. He was born
May i, 1875, and is a son of Thomas O. and El-
mira (Cochran) Wike. His father was born in
Barry township, in 1848, and was a son of David
J. and Drusilla (Orr) Wike, who were of Ger-
man descent. The former was born in Cumber-
land county, Pennsylvania, in 1821, and was the
youngest son of George and Mary (Essig) Wike,
both of whom were natives of the Keystone
state, in which George Wike died in 1825. The
grandfather of our subject, reared and educated
in the east, settled in Quincy,' Illinois, in 1842
and was there engaged in the woolen business
for two years, when he removed to Barry town-
ship, Pike county, and in connection with his
brothers, George and Joseph, and J. P. Grubb
erected a factory for the manufacture of woolen
goods on section 23. The new enterprise proved
profitable and an extensive business was carried
on for five years, at the end of which time David
J. Wike sold his interest and purchased a farm
in New Salem township, devoting the succeeding
three years to its cultivation and improvement.
He then returned to Barry and in 1847 was mar-
ried to Miss Drusilla, daughter of Thomas Orr
and a native of Randolph county, Illinois, born
in 1828. Mr. and Mrs. Wike settled upon his
farm in the spring of 1853, the place comprising
two hundred acres of land valued at seventy-five
dollars per acre, and to the further development
and cultivation of the place he devoted his ener-

gies. He was the first member initiated into the
Masonic order at Barry — the year being 1845,
and his name is indelibly inscribed upon the pages
of Pike county history, because of his active con-
nection with many events contributing to its ma-
terial progress and permanent improvement. In
his family were seven children.

Thomas O. Wike, one of this number, was
reared and educated in Barry township and in
his youth performed various duties which were
assigned to him in connection with the cultiva-
tion of the home farm. He was married in 1872
to Miss Elmira Cochran, who was born in Bay-
lis, in October, 1849, and unto them were born
five children: George H., Elizabeth E., Berl H.,
Charles Owen and Glenn E., all of whom are liv-
ing in Barry. The father was a farmer, owning
and operating forty acres of land. He held mem-
bership in the Independent Order of Odd Fel-
lows and enjoyed in large measure the respect
of his brethren of that fraternity and of the gen-
eral public as well. He belonged to the pioneer
generation of Barry's citizens and was an inter-
ested witness of the progress and development of
the county through many years. He died in 1900
at the age of fifty-one years, while his wife passed
away in July, 1902.

Reared in the county of his nativity and in-
debted to the public-school system for the edu-
cational privileges which have qualified him for
life's practical and responsible duties, George H.
Wike has for some time conducted a large and
growing insurance business in Barry. He is now
district agent and also special agent for the
Phoenix Fire Insurance Company of Brooklyn,
New York, and also for the Insurance Company
of North America and the National Fire Insur-
ance Company of Hartford, Connecticut. His
territory covers Pike, Adams, Hancock, Morgan,
Calhoun and Cass counties. For three years he
was in partnership with Perry C. Allen, of Pitts-
field, but is now alone in business and has a large
clientage.

In 1901 Mr. Wike was married to Miss Gretta
E. Greene, who was born in Pike county, near
Barry, in September, 1880, and is a daughter of
J. M. and and Hannah (Tilton) Greene, who
are residing near Barry. The father is a breeder

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

301

of Shetland ponies, also handles cattle and is the
owner of one hundred and twelve acres of val-
uable land. In his family were three daughters :
Mrs. Wike, who was educated in music ; Mrs.
Nora Taylor, who is living in Trinidad, Colo-
rado ; and Delia, at home.

Mr. Wike is a member of Barry lodge, No.
34, A. F. & A. M. ; also Barry chapter, No.
88, R. A. M. ; Knights of Pythias lodge, No. 567,
and the Mutual Protective League. He votes
with the democracy and has been alderman of
Barry since 1901, but is far from being a poli-
tician in the usually accepted sense, and his pres-
ent office holding comes only from an earnest de-
sire to aid in the promotion of the city's welfare
and its progress along substantial lines of im-
provement.

JACOB WINDMILLER.

Jacob Windmiller, ex-sheriff of Pike county
and one of its prominent citizens, was born in
Spring Creek township, January 3, 1849, and
was the second son of Peter and Sevelia (Apple-
gate) Windmiller. The father was born in Ger-
many in 1816 and on crossing the Atlantic to
the United States in 1832 settled in Pennsylvania,
where he remained for two years. He then took
up his abode on section 7, Spring Creek town-
ship, Pike county, Illinois, in 1834, and remained
upon that farm for eight years, after which he
purchased another farm, on section 19 of the same
township. He was an energetic agriculturist and
during his residence in Spring Creek township
did much toward developing a good farm. His
second property is now a part of the town of
Nebo. He spent his remaining days upon that
farm, passing away in the winter of 1876. In
connection with general agricultural pursuits he
carried on merchandising and he did his full
share toward the agricultural and commercial de-
velopment of the county. In his death the com-
munity felt that it had lost one of its most worthy
pioneer citizens.

Jacob Windmiller was reared under the 'pa-
rental roof, remaining with his parents until twen-
ty-five years of age, during which time he ac-

quired a good practical education in the public
schools and also learned the best methods of car-
ing for the farm property. In the fall of 1870
he was united in marriage to Miss Mary S.
Stone, who was born in Kentucky and was a
daughter of Nathan Stone, who came to Illinois
from the former state during the infancy of his
daughter, Mrs. Windmiller. He located in Pike
county, becoming one of its enterprising agricul-
turists.

Following his marriage Mr. Windmiller set-
tled in Pleasant Hill township, where he carried
on general agricultural pursuits, making his home
upon his first farm for two years. He then pur-
chased one hundred and twenty-nine acres of land
near Nebo, which he managed and at the same
time conducted a hotel and a livery barn in the
town. Being a good practical farmer and a
sound business man, he carried on both enter-
prises with success until 1886, when he was
elected sheriff of Pike county and in the fall of
the same year took up his residence in Pittsfield,
where he lived for some time. He was eminently
fitted for the office and his whole course during
his incumbency showed him to possess rare tact,
unfaltering bravery and sound judgement. He
ever displayed the qualities of a public-spirited
citizen, acting without regard to party affiliation
or personal prejudices. He served as sheriff four
years, filling the office in a most capable manner.
Following his service in the office of sheriff he
was elected county treasurer of Pike county for
a four years' term. In politics he is a stalwart
democrat and has filled a number of local po-
sitions, including that of coroner while residing
in Nebo, a position which he resigned when elect-
ed sheriff.

Mr. Windmiller is still closely associated with
the agricultural interests of Pike county, owning
two hundred and seventy acres of valuable land
on section 12, Pittsfield township, where he re-
sides. He has a beautiful home here with all
modern improvements upon his farm, including
commodious and substantial barns, well kept
fences and other equipments. His land is richly
cultivated and annually returns to him good har-
vests and he is also a successful stockman, rais-
ing horses and polled Angus cattle.

302

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Windmiller have been
born five children, three of whom are now living :
Loren O., Lena B. and Laurel L., while Olaf E.
and Harry J. died in infancy. Mr. Windmiller
is a prominent and influential Mason, belonging
to Pleasant Hill lodge, No. 565, A. F. & A. M. ;
Pittsfield chapter, No. 10, R. A. M. ; and Pitts-
field commandery, K. T. He has a wide and fa-
vorable acquaintance in the county in which his
entire life has been passed, possessing a cordial
disposition, genial manner and enterprising spirit
which render him popular socially as well as in
business and political circles.

• STEPHEN M. HOLT.

Stephen M. Holt is the owner of a valuable
farm of one hundred and ten acres of finely im-
proved land in New Salem township, which he
has brought to a high state of cultivation. The
place is improved with an attractive and com-
fortable residence and good 'buildings for the
shelter of grain and stock. In fact none of the
equipments of a model farm of the twentieth
century are lacking here and Mr. Holt is recog-
nized as a leading representative of agricultural
interests in Pike county. He was born in Sulli-
van county, Tennessee, oh the 5th of September,
1855, his parents being George and Elizabeth
(Lots) Holt, who were married in Tennessee,
where the father followed the occupation of farm-
ing. His death occurred in that state in 1864
and his wife, long surviving him, passed away
in Tennessee in 1898. In their family were six
children, of whom three are now living: Stephen
M. ; Jesse E., who resides in Tennessee ; and
Noah D., also of that state.

Stephen M. Holt acquired his education in the
common schools of Tennessee and in early life
became acquainted with all the duties and labors
that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He ar-
rived in Pike county in 1876, when a young man
of twenty-one years and here began his business
career as a farm hand, being thus employed for
two years. He was then married and took up
his abode upon a farm owned by his wife, but

after two years that property was sold and Mr.
Holt purchased one hundred and ten acres on
section 36, New Salem township, where he now
resides. He raises cattle and hogs and his fields
are devoted to the cultivation of corn and other
cereals. He is practical in his methods, accom-
plishing much by his close application and unfal-
tering industry, and he is deserving of consid-
erable credit for what he has done, because he
started out in life empty-handed and all that he
now possesses has been obtained through his earn-
est and well directed labors.

On the 29th of December, 1878, Mr. Holt was
united in marriage to Miss Melvina Willsey, who
was born July 4, 1860, in Pike county, Illinois,
and was a daughter of Charles and Lydia Will-
sey. Her father's birth occurred in New York
in 1827 and when a young man he came to Pike
county with his father and family, his father be-
ing one of the early settlers here. Charles Will-
sey gave his attention to agricultural pursuits in
Pittsfield township and for many years was a re-
spected and worthy agriculturist of the commu-
nity. He died in the year 1874 and is still sur-
vived by his wife, who is now living west of
Pittsfield and is nearly eighty year's of age. Mr.
and Mrs. Willsey were the parents of seven chil-
dren: Mrs. Holt; Barnett Willsey, who is living
in Kansas ; Margaret, the wife of T. F. James,
a resident of Pittsfield township ; Emily, the wife
of Robert Salee, who resides west of Pittsfield ;
Louisa, the wife of Richard Woolfolk, who is
living in Martinsburg township: Edward, who
resides in Pittsfield ; and Delia, the wife of Wil-
liam Underwood.

Mr. and Mrs. Holt have a family of six chil-
dren : George Walter, who married Anna Brauer
and resides at Chapin, Illinois ; Grace V., who
married Floyd Carnes and is living in Phillips,
Nebraska ; Maud, Dora Dell, Ross and Cecil, all
at home. The family occupy a fine residence sit-
uated in the midst of a splendidly improved and
valuable farm. Mrs. Holt is a member of the
Christian church. Mr. Holt gives his political
support to the democracy and belongs to lodge
No. 790. A. F. & A. M., of Pittsfield. to the
Modern Woodmen camp, the Protective League
and the Fraternal Army. His earnest labors have

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

been directed by sound judgment and in the busi-
ness world he has achieved a fair measure of suc-
cess which shows that his labors have been well
directed, while the respect in which he is held
indicates that his life has been honorable and
straightforward.

JOHN G. YAEGER.

That John G. Yaeger has a wide acquaintance
and that his friends are many is indicated by the
fact that he is so uniformly addressed by his first
name in the community and county in which his
entire life has been passed. He is one of the
prosperous farmers, stock-raisers and stock-feed-
ers of this section of the state and his business
ability is indicated in his capable management of
his farm of six hundred acres, which is attrac-
tive in appearance and is also a source of grati-
fying profit because of the fine crops which are
produced and the good stock raised upon his
place. Mr. Yaeger was born in Newburg town-
ship, April 22, 1857, and, as the name indicates,
comes of German lineage. His father, Andrew
Yaeger, is a native of Germany and became one
of the early settlers of Pike county, where for
many years he was numbered among the substan-
tial, active and energetic farmers. His sketch ap-
pears elsewhere in this work.

John G. Yaeger grew to manhood in Hardin
township, acquiring a common-school education,
remaining upon the old homestead farm with his
father until he had attained his majority, assist-
ing him in the work of field and meadow, so that
he became familiar with all the duties that fell to
the lot of the agriculturist. Following his mar-
riage he rented a farm which he operated for a
\ear and then settled in Spring Creek township
and bought land and engaged in the operation of
it for ten years. He then sold that property and
bought the place upon which he now resides, set-
tling here about 1887. He at first had one hun-
dred and forty-six acres of land which he at once
began to cultivate and improve. His labors were
attended with success so that he was enabled to
purchase more land from time to time until he

is now the owner of six hundred acres, of which
three hundred acres is in the home place. He
has built a good house, has fenced the farm, has
also built two barns and altogether has an ex-
cellent property. Much of his land is planted in
blue grass, so that there is excellent pasturage for
his stock and the fields supply feed for the win-
ter. Seventy acres, however, are reserved for
crops. He has been engaged in stock-raising
throughout the years of his active business ca-
reer and he fattens for the market from three to
five carloads of cattle and from three to five car-
loads of hogs and two carloads of sheep each
year. He is one of the most extensive stock deal-
ers of the county and he topped the Chicago mar-
ket three times in succession with fat Aberdeen
Angus cattle. He is indeed one of the most suc-
cessful stock feeders of the county and he also
breeds Aberdeen Angus cattle, having a pure-
blooded Aberdeen Angus bull at the head of his
herd.

On the 4th of November, 1878, Mr. Yeager
was married in Hardin township to Miss Enzella
Williams, a daughter of William Williams, and
in December, 1888, he was called upon to mourn
the loss of his wife. There are four living chil-
dren born of that marriage : Marion, who is mar-
ried and resides in Peoria ; Lillie, Lonnie
and Howard. After losing his first wife Mr.
Yaeger was again married, April 8, 1888, the sec-
ond union being with Catherine B. Bauer, a na-
tive of Hardin, Pike county, and a daughter of
George Bauer, who was born in Germany and
became one of the early settlers of this state.
There are nine children by this marriage: Ada,
Charles, John G., Frederick, Katie, Jessie, May,
Nellie and Mary.

Politically Mr. Yaeger is a stalwart democrat,
but is without aspiration for public office. He is
a believer in good schools and in the employ-
ment of competent teachers and for sixteen years
has been a school director, acting as clerk and
also as president of the board. He has also served
as commissioner of highways and has been a dele-
gate to the county conventions of his party. His
interest in community affairs is deep and sincere
and has led him to give active support to many
measures for the general good. A Master Mason

3°4

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

he belongs to the lodge at Time and has filled all
of its offices save that of master. He is likewise
a member of the Woodmen camp and is also
insured in the Northwestern and Pike County
Mutual Associations. Mr. Yaeger is perhaps
best known throughout the county as a breeder,
feeder and shipper of stock and is recognized as
a man of good business ability and of broad in-
tegrity and worth, having the confidence and es-
teem of the community. He started out in life on
his own account a poor boy with little means
save his strong determination and laudable am-
bition to achieve success and he has through his
earnest labor, industry and good business man-
agement accumulated a valuable property, so that
he is today classed with the substantial men of the
county.

R. T. HICKS.

R. T. Hicks, cashier of the First National
Bank of Pittsfield, who has been an active factor
in various business and public interests contrib-
uting to the welfare and prosperity of this city,
was born upon a farm four miles south of Pitts-
field on the igth of April, 1849, an^ ls a son °^
Colonel D. D. Hicks, who is represented else-
where in this work. The ancestry of the family
may be traced back through several generations.
His paternal great-grandfather, Simeon Hicks,
was a soldier of the Revolutionary war, while the
grandfather, Truman B. Hicks, for whom R. T.
Hicks was named, fought for his country in the
war of 1812. The father, Colonel D. D. Hicks,
won his title as commander of the One Hundred
and Sixty-sixth Regiment of the state militia of
New York, and these facts indicate that the mil-
itary spirit has not been lacking in the family.

During the very early boyhood of R. T. Hicks
his parents removed to Pittsfield, where his edu-
cation was acquired, and between the ages of
twelve and seventeen years, when not busy with
his text-books, his time was largely given to work
upon his father's farm. Leaving the high school
at the age of seventeen, he afterward pursued a
short course in a commercial college at St. Louis
and then entered upon his business career as as-

sistant to his father, who at that time was cash-
ier of the First National Bank of Pittsfield. This
bank had its beginning in a meeting in the old
courthouse on the 28th of January, 1865. The
organization was effected and the bank capital-
ized for fifty thousand dollars, with C. L. Higbee
as president, C. P. Chapman as cashier and D. D.
Hicks as assistant cashier. After a year Mr.
Hicks became cashier and R. T. Hicks was made
assistant cashier. Upon the retirement of his
father from the position of cashier our subject
became his successor and has since remained in
that position. On the 15th of February, 1879,
the capital stock was increased to eighty thousand
dollars and in 1884 to. one hundred thousand dol-
lars, and the capital and surplus at the present
writing, January, 1906, are one hundred and
twenty-five thousand dollars. From the begin-
ning this bank has maintained a foremost place
among the strong and reliable financial institu-
tions of this part of the state and its reputation
is attributable in no small degree to the efforts
of R. T. Hicks, who since May, 1867, has been
connected with the institution and who for thir-
teen years has been its popular cashier.

Not alone to banking interests, however, has
Mr. Hicks confined his attention. The greatest
period of building activity which the city of Pitts-
field has enjoyed followed the organization of a
savings and loan association. Mr. Hicks called
a meeting for the purpose of organizing such
an association, was made its treasurer and con-
tinued in that position until the affairs of the as-
sociation were wound up with profit to all con-
cerned. He was also one of the organizers of
the Pike County Telephone Company, which was
capitalized for twenty-five hundred dollars. From
the time the capital was first increased he has
been its president. The capital at the present
time is seventy-five thousand dollars and from
the beginning the company has never failed to
earn and pay regular dividends. This is an in-
stitution which has been of great benefit to busi-
ness conditions in the county as well as a source
of individual profit to the stockholders. Mr.
Hicks also assisted in the organization of the
Home Telephone Company of Greenville, Texas,
with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars,

R. T. HICKS

„„««,?»

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

307

and has been its president from the beginning.
This has had an equally successful existence and,
in fact, the various business enterprises with
which Mr. Hicks has been connected have proven
profitable, for he carries forward to successful
completion whatever he undertakes. He possesses
keen discrimination, sound business judgment,
strong executive force and enterprise, and these
are indispensable factors in modern business con-
ditions.

In October, 1872, Mr. Hicks was married to
Miss Charlotte L. Abbott, and unto them have
been born two sons and two daughters : George
D., who is now assistant cashier in the First Na-
tional Bank of Pittsfield; Fred A., a traveling
salesman representing a Boston house ; Nettie
L. and Julia C., who are at home.

In community affairs effecting the material,
political, social, intellectual and moral progress
of the community Mr. Hicks has been deeply,
actively and helpfully interested. He has never
been an office seeker and, in fact, has always pre-
ferred to avoid office holding, yet feeling that he
should bear his full share of the responsibilities
of citizenship he has consented, at the solicitation
of his fellow townsmen, to act as alderman for
many terms and was also mayor of the city. He
has frequently been a member of the board of
education and the cause of public instruction has
found in him a warm and stalwart friend. He
was alderman at the time of the construction of
the water works and also at the time when street
paving was begun in Pittsfield. When it was
proposed to build the new courthouse for the
county he was made the chairman of the ways
and means committee, which raised from the city
of Pittsfield more than one-third of the amount
required for building purposes. Mr. Hicks gave
his political allegiance to the democracy until
i8"j6, when free coinage became the issue of the
people, when, like thousands of others who up
to that time had advocated the democratic ticket,
he became a supporter of "sound money." For
twenty years he has served as superintendent of
the leading Sunday-school of the countv and for
seven years has been president of the County
Sunday-School Association. His entire life has
been passed in Pike countv. where he is regarded

as one of the reliable, substantial business men,
belonging to that class of representative citizens
who, while promoting individual success, also
contribute to the general progress and prosperity.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF PITTS -
FIELD.

On the 28th day of January, 1865, there was
held at the old courthouse in Pittsfield a meet-
ing for the purpose of organizing a national bank,
out of which grew the First National Bank of
Pittsfield. The', cfiafrihan of the meeting was the
Hon. C. li, Higb^e, the secretary, D. D. Hicks, and
the allotment of shares of stock was to the follow-
ing persons: C.L.Higbee, D.D. Hicks, Silas Dut-
ton, R. M. Atkinson, Julia M. Higbee, E. M. See-
ley, J. F. Hyde, Thomas Dickson, William Wat-
son, H. M. Watson, N. A. Wells, R. R. Green, J.

C. McKibben, M. J. Noyes, D. W. Dean, H. J.
Noyes, J. C. Hard, G. W. Jones, L. L. Talcott,
William Charles, C. P. Chapman, Joel Penning-
ton, Edward Connett, B. H. Atkinson and Aus-
tin Barber.

The capital stock of the bank was fifty thou-
sand dollars. The officers elected were C. L.
Higbee, president ; C. P. Chapman, cashier ; D.

D. Hicks, assistant cashier. Mr. Chapman served
in the capacity of cashier for one year, after
which time D. D. Hicks, who had begun with the
organization as assistant cashier, became the
cashier and his son, R. T. Hicks, its assistant
cashier.

Judge C. L. Higbee held the position as presi-
dent of the bank from year to year until the time
of his death, December .7, 1884, at which time
C. P. Chapman was elected to fill the position
and D. D. Hicks held the position of cashier up
to January 18, 1892, and as second vice-president
from that time until the time of his death, Au-
gust 30, 1897. On February 15, 1879, the cap-
ital stock of the bank was increased to eighty
thousand dollars, the increase being the result of
a large special dividend declared to the stock-
holders.

Among the persons who have occupied posi-
tions below the cashier we would name the Hon.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

G. E. Abbott, Cheyenne, Wyoming, who is at
present the cashier of the First National Bank
of that city and who has been speaker of the
house of representatives and also state treasurer
of Wyoming ; and also Mr. Ross Matthews, who
began with the bank in 1883 and remained until
the organization of the Farmers' State Bank of
this city, at which time he became its cashier,
which position he still holds.

In 1884 the capital stock was again increased
to one hundred thousand dollars, and for the pur-
pose of securing the influence of the people more
generally it was agreed by the stockholders that
the twenty thousand dollars increase might be
subscribed for, as it was, by people who were not
at that time owners of stock.

In 1885, after the death of Hon. C. L. Higbee,
Mr. C. P. Chapman was made president of the
institution and remained its president up to the
time of his death. In the same year the charter
of the bank, which had been issued for a period
of twenty years, expired and was renewed for
twenty years longer ; and the charter was again
renewed in 1905 for a third period of twenty
years.

It has been the policy of the bank from its or-
ganization to avoid speculation or any induce-
ments which offered more than the usual rate of
interest as an investment for its money, and also
to comply strictly with the requirements of the
law by having a thorough quarterly examination
by its directors, who regularly count the cash and
bonds, inventory the notes and examine its ac-
counts.

Since the custom of receiving money on de-
posit for interest the bank has annually paid large
sums to its depositors, as is evidenced by the fact
that it amounted to more than twelve thousand
dollars in the year just passed. Upon the ist
of July, 1905, it paid to its stockholders the
eighty-fifth dividend. Aside from having paid
from its earnings all expenses, losses and pre-
miums on purchases of bonds it has paid to the
present time to its stockholders dividends
amounting to four hundred and fifty thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven dollars.

To determine the relative strength of this bank
as compared with that of other institutions of a

like character one will do well to examine the
sworn statements which are made not less than
five times each year and published in the city
papers from time to time. You will note that
it keeps upon hand at all times a strong reserve
of cash and in banks subject to demand draft
more than is required as a legal reserve ; and also
that the amount of its bonds are large and of the
highest character. Its officers state that they
have never purchased any bonds except for in-
vestment purposes and which were sold to them
at par or above. The reason for which being
that there may be no question of prompt pay-
ment of either principal or interest.

In the year 1898, on the death of C. P. Chap-
man, the Hon. Harry Higbee was chosen presi-
dent and is so continuing at the present time.
R. T. Hicks, who is cashier at the present time,
has been connected with the bank since May,
1867, first as assistant cashier and for the past
thirteen years as its cashier. The present board
of directors is as follows : Hon. Harry Higbee,
president ; Augustus Dow, vice-president ; Louis
D. Hirsheimer, A. J. Lovell and M. D. King.

Something of the progress of the bank may be
determined by comparison of its deposits at dif-
ferent periods during the past fifteen years. On
the ist of January, 1891, they were $170,693;
ist of January, 1896, $327,813; January, 1901.
$404,554: January, 1905, $709,934. Its pres-
ent capital stock is $100,000, its surplus $25,000.
its undivided profits $58,536.84.

The present stockholders are as follows : Mrs.

C. L. Higbee, Mrs. D. D. Hicks, Mrs. C. P.
Chapman, Mrs. E. M. Seeley, Harry Higbee, Au-
gustus Dow. A. J. Lovell, Louis D. Hirsheimer,
M. D. King, R. T. Hicks, L. A. Chamberlain, C.
A. Barber, Sam Hirsheimer, Sr., Sam Hirshei-
mer, Jr., Isaac Strauss, Jacob Strauss. Mrs. M.

D. King, Mrs. Augustus Dow, Charles Shadel,

E. C. Winans, A. W. Plainer, A. B. Carey, Mrs.

F. M. Lewis, S. G. Shaw, W. H. Vactor. J. K.
Sitton, Mrs. L. A. Chamberlain, J. G. Willsey.
T. X. Hall. W. R. Willsey, May Judcl. II. T.
Duffickl and Phebe Hyatt.

The bank started upon its third period of
twenty years with a working capital three times
as great as at its beginning, with no entangling

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

3°9

alliances, with no accumulation of worthless pa-
per in its assets and the liberal training and large
experience of its officers, backed as they are by
an extraordinarily competent board of directors,
should add still further luster to its past good
record.

LYMAN WARD.

Lyman Ward is the owner of an excellent farm
of two hundred and fifty acres in Pleasant V$e
township, on which he has recently erected a fine
residence, making this one of the best improved
and most attractive homes in his community. He
was born in this township on the 26th of Octo-
ber, 1849, ms parents being John and Rhoda (En-
low) Ward. The father was born in Allegany
county, Maryland, June 17, 1816, and was a son
of Samuel Ward, a native of Virginia and a
grandson of Abijah Ward. The last named was
a millwright by trade and died at an advanced
age. His son, Samuel Ward, wedded Man-
House, of Maryland, a daughter of Andrew
House, who was born in that state and fought for
the independence of the colonies in the Revolu-
tionary war. In early pioneer times he removed
to Ohio, where his death occurred. His wife died
in Adams county at the advanced age of nearly
ninety years. Following their marriage Mr. and
Mrs. Samuel Ward became residents of Colum-
biana county, Ohio, where they spent about eleven
years and then went to Knox county, Ohio, where
they remained for a similar period. In 1845 they
arrived in Pike county, Illinois, settling on sec-
tion 36, Pleasant Vale township, their home being
a log cabin. In the same year while on a trip
to Quincy to buy land Mr. Ward was killed by
being thrown from his horse. His widow sur-
vived for many years, passing away when about
eighty years of age. In their family were twelve
children, including John Ward, the father of our
subject. He was reared in Columbiana and Knox
counties, Ohio, and received only such educational
privileges as could be obtained in one of the lit-
tle log schoolhouses of that day. After arriving
at years of maturity he assumed the management
of his father's farm, which he conducted until

about twenty-five years of age. He was after-
ward employed as a farm hand for a time and
later rented land until 1868, when he invested his
savings in one hundred and sixty acres on section
10, Pleasant Vale township. Two years later he
disposed of this to good advantage and bought
three hundred and sixty-five acres, of which forty-
five acres were in Pleasant Vale township and the
remainder in Atlas township. Upon this farm he
continued to make his home until his death and
he added two hundred acres to the original pur-
chase, so that his place was an extensive one, com-
prising five hundred and sixty-five acres. This
land is very productive and owing to his cultiva-
tion and the improvements he placed upon the
property he developed one of the best farms in the
county. His life was one of untiring industry
and he had the reputation of being one of the fast-
est workers in the wheatfields of the county. His
political allegiance was given to the republican
party and he followed in the religious faith of
his ancestors, becoming a loyal member of the
Methodist church, to which his wife also be-
longed. It was in 1842 that he married Rhoda
Enlow, a daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth Enlow.
She was born in Knox county, Ohio, in 1816. Her
parents were natives of Maryland and Ireland re-
spectively and the former died in Pike county,
Illinois, and the latter in. Ohio. For many years
Mr. and Mrs. John Ward traveled life's journey
happily together, but both have now passed away,
the death of Mr. Ward occurring when he was
seventy-seven years of age, while his wife reached
the advanced age of seventy-nine years. In their
family were twelve children, of whom only four
are now living : Lucinda is the widow of James
Francis, a resident of St. Louis, Missouri. Lyman
and Julia are twins. The latter is the widow of
Newton Miller and resides in Atlas township.
Ella is the wife of Joseph L. Duckworth and re-
sides near her brother's farm.

Lyman Ward is indebted to the public-school
system of Pike county for the educational privi-
leges he enjoyed in his youth. He began life as
a farmer and has always devoted his energies to
agricultural pursuits, save for a brief period of
three years which was passed in New Canton,
where he conducted a hotel. He removed to that

3io

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

city in 1895, but in 1898 returned to his farm.
He now owns two hundred and fifty acres of land
in Pleasant Vale township, where he resides. This
is a well developed farm property, giving every
indication of the care and thrift of the owner in
its well tilled fields and excellent improvements.
In 1905 he erected one of the best residences in
the township and its tasteful furnishings and gen-
uine hospitality make it a very attractive home
to the many friends of the family.

On the ist of May, 1878, Mr. Ward was
united in marriage to Miss Sarah E. Decker, of
Barry township, who was born November 4, 1854,
and is a daughter of Abner and Phoebe (Nichols)
Decker. Her father was born in Ohio in 1818
and came to Pike county at an early period in the
development of this part of the state. He carried
on farming in Barry township, owning one hun-
dred and sixty acres of very rich, productive and
well improved land. His wife was also a native
of Ohio and came to Fike county in pioneer days.
They were married here and resided upon a farm
until 1878, when Mr. Decker sold his land in
Barry township and removed to Texas, where
both he and his wife died when about seventy
years of age. She was born in 1820. In their
family were ten sons and two daughters and
eight of the number are now living : William, who
resides near Jacksonville, Illinois ; John, Walter,
Aaron, Moses, Joshua, Mary C. and Sarah E. In
his political .affiliation Mr. Decker was a demo-
crat and was a man whose fearless defense of his
honest convictions won him ,the respect and good
will of all with whom he came in contact.

The home of Mr. and Mrs. Ward has been
blessed with two daughters and a son : Bessie L.,
who was born August 12, 1879, is the wife of
James Rhodus; Alta M., born September 15.
1881, is the wife of John T. Kendrick; and Ern-
est H., born November 16, 1884, at is home. In
his political views Mr. Ward is an earnest repub-
lican and has served as road commissioner and
school director, filling the latter position for some
time. He belongs to the Modern Woodmen
camp, No. 1148, at New Canton and to the Ma-
sonic lodge, No. 821. His wife is a member of
the Eastern Star and holds membership relations
with the Methodist church. Both are pleasant
people, highly esteemed and their circle of friends

is almost co-extensive with the circle of their
acquaintance.

CAPTAIN BENJAMIN L. MATTHEWS.

Captain Benjamin L. Matthews, son of John
B. and Margaret (Leach) Matthews, was born
December 15, 1806, in Rowan county, North Car-
olina. His father was a native of Rockingham
county, Virginia, his mother of North Carolina.
She was the daughter of Benjamin Leach, who
was of Welch descent. Her ancestors emigrated
to North Carolina long before the Revolution,
in which they took an active part on the side
of the colonies. Their direct paternity also
took part in the war of 1812. The father
of J. B. Matthews, the grandfather of Ben-
jamin, settled in Rockingham county, Vir-
ginia, at a very early date. He also took an active
part on the side of the colonies in the war of the
Revolution.

John B. Matthews was among the very earliest
settlers in Pike county, having settled here in
1824. Crossing the Illinois river at Phillip's
ferry, he settled on land in Flint township, where
he engaged in farming. When he arrived, many
remnants of once powerful Indian tribes yet re-
mained and this was a part of their favorite hunt-
ing ground. He said that five hundred Indians
seen in one gang was not an uncommon sight.
He brought with him a family of a wife and nine
children: Benjamin L. and Clarissa, who were
born in North Carolina ; John, born in Kentucky ;
James, Nancy and Robert, born in White county,
Illinois, where the older Matthews emigrated from
Hopkinsville, Kentucky, in 1817; two more chil-
dren, Austin and Albert, born in Pike county, Il-
linois. All of these are dead except Albert, who
lives in Montgomery county, Illinois.

After leaving Flint township John B. Matthews
lived a few years in Griggsville township, then
in New Salem whence he moved to Perry, where
he remained until near the time of his death.
His wife, Margaret Leach Matthews, died in
1851, and John B. Matthews went to Missouri
to reside with his daughter, Elvira, at Lancaster,
where he died in 1857.

Captain Matthews, the subject of this sketch,

CAPT. B L MATTHEWS

0* WE

.UNOIS.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

obtained his education in the common schools of
Kentucky and Illinois. Qn December 24, 1829, he
was married to Minerva Carrington, daughter
of Asa and Lucinda Carrington, of Kentucky.
Mrs. Matthews died October 15, 1841, leaving
a family of four children, namely : Martha, Asa
C, Joseph H., and Lucinda M. Of these, two are
living, Martha and Asa C. Mr. Matthews was
married a second time to a Mrs. Dean Wattles
and there were born to this marriage two children,
Harriet and Mary, one of whom, Mrs. Mary
Chenoweth, still lives, and resides in Lathrop,
Missouri. He was again married in 1861 to Miss
Layton, and to that marriage was born one child,
Anna B., who married Alexander Gregory and
lives in Marion, Indiana.

Captain Matthews permanently located near
Perry, after his first marriage, where he resided
until the time of his death, which occurred on
the 2 ist day of April, 1900, at the age of ninety-
three years, four months and eleven days, and was
buried in the McCord cemetery, near Perry, Il-
linois. Up to 1856 he had given his entire at-
tention to farming and stock-raising with fairly
good success. That year, he, with Cephas Sim-
mons, his old neighbor and friend, built the first
steam and grist mill built in Griggsville. This
enterprise was sold out in a few years, and Cap-
tain Matthews then returned to his farm near
Perry.

Captain Matthews was a republican in politics,
formerly a whig. During the Civil war he took
a prominent part in support of the administration
of President Lincoln. He recruited Company
IS, Ninety-ninth Illinois volunteers, and went with
it to the field. Physical infirmity overtook him
and he tendered his resignation before the close
of the war. He gloried in the success of the Union
Army, and in the final preservation of the Union,
with those who were permitted to remain, until
the last Confederate surrendered. He took an
active part in local affairs ; was a great reader of
the public press; was several times elected to the
board of supervisors; and before the Civil war
%vas a candidate on the whig ticket for the legis-
lature but was defeated by a narrow majority.
He was a man of great personal courage, and

always stood for the right as he saw the right,
without fear or favor. He was well known
throughout the county and was universally re-
spected. His voice and power were always in
favor of moral measures; he never used tobacco
nor intoxicants in any manner; he upheld religion
and aided materially by his presence in the build-
ing up and progress of the Methodist church. He
was an active member for over seventy years
and dkd in the faith. He had been permitted
to live far beyond the usual period of life. He
had seen his family grow up around him, and
his grandchildren reach manhood and woman-
hood and become useful citizens in life. He was
never very poor and never very rich. He distrib-
uted the most of his property he had before his
death among his children, and when the final
summons came ^ he was prepared to meet it, and
of him it may be said,

"When he had toiled to the summit,

He laid his burden down;
He left his cross on the hilltop,
And bowed his head for the crown."

THOMAS A. RETALLIC.

Thomas A. Retallic, the extent and scope of
whose interests are such as to make him one of
the prominent and representative citizens not only
of Barry but of Pike count)', is conducting a mar-
ble business, is also president of the First Na-
tional Bank and is engaged in real-estate dealing.
Watchful of opportunities pointing to success and
utilizing every business advantage that comes
to him, he has so directed his efforts that he has
prospered and at the same time made a reputa-
tion which is unassailable. His life record began
in Perry county, Ohio, on the 3Oth of March,
1854, his parents being Frank and Catharine
(Fielty) Retallic. The father was born in Corn-
wall, England, and the mother's birth occurred
in County Donegal, Ireland, on the 22d of May,
1822. Coming to America in childhood, they

314

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

were married in Zanesville, Ohio. It was in 1850
that Frank Retallic crossed the Atlantic to the
United States with his parents, settling in Zanes-
ville. He had been educated in the schools of
England and after establishing his home in the
Buckeye state he engaged in business as a coal
miner. At the time of the Civil war, however,
he put aside all business and personal considera-
tions in order that he might aid in the cause of
his adopted country and in the spring of 1862 be-
came a member of Company F, One hundred and
Twenty-second Ohio Regiment of Volunteers. He
was wounded in battle and recovered from his in-
juries, but later became ill while still in the serv-
ice of his country and died August 8, 1864, when
thirty-five years of age, in the City Point Hos-
pital in Virginia. His political support was given
to the democracy. His widow, long surviving
him, passed away May 2, 1900, on the seventy-
eighth anniversary of her birth. In their family
were six children, of whom four are now living :
Thomas A., of this review ; Kate, the wife of Au-
gust Dulard, a resident of St. Louis, Missouri;
Mary F., the wife of Andrew Kern, a resident of
Montgomery City, Missouri; and George B., who
is also living in St. Louis.

Mr. Retallic, whose name introduces this rec-
ord, spent his boyhood and youth in his native
state and acquired a public-school education
there. On the 5th of April, 1870, when sixteen
years of age, he left New Lexington, Ohio, and
went to Washington Court House, in the same
state. In that locality he turned his attention to
farming the better to support his widowed
mother. After two years, however, he returned
to New Lexington, where he began to learn the
trade of marble-cutting, spending three years at
that work ere he again left New Lexington. He
then went to St. Louis, where he remained for a
year and in the spring of 1877 he came to Barry,
• where he has since been engaged in the marble
business. He has built up a good trade in this
line< turning out a fine class of work, and his
skill and ability combined with his reasonable
prices and honorable dealing have brought him
success which is gratifying, and which has en-
abled him to extend his efforts to other lines of
business. He was one of the organizers of the

First National Bank of Barry on the ist of May,
1901, and from the beginning has been its presi-
dent. This has become a sound and reliable finan-
cial institution, doing a large general banking
business. Mr. Retallic is also president of the
Barry Real Estate Company, which has recently
completed the new Barry Hotel. He is likewise
president of the Barry Cement Construction
Company and is now engaged in the erection of a
fine business block in New Canton, and is one of
the organizers of the Park Lawn Cemetery, of
which he has been superintendent and secretary
from the beginning. A man of resourceful busi-
ness ability he has thus extended his efforts to
various lines. He forms his plans readily, is de-
termined in their execution and carries forward
to successful completion whatever he undertakes,
so that his efforts have been of direct and sub-
stantial benefit in promoting the commercial pros-
perity of the city as well as in advancing his in-
dividual success.

Mr. Retallic was married to Miss Mary Rad-
cliff while still a resident of Ohio. Her death oc-
curred two years after their marriage and he
later wedded Miss Dora Blair, who died about
eight years later. Of their four children two
are now living : Frank A., who is teller in the
First National Bank at Barry ; and Adelle M., the
wife of George C. Barry, a resident of the same
city. For his third wife Mr. Retallic chose Anna
Carroll, who died a year later. His present wife
was Mrs. Nancy E. Mayes. She was the widow
of Charles Mayes and they had one child. Vie,
now the wife of Charles A. Johnson, M. D., of
Barry.

Mr. Retallic has been a member of the Ma-
sonic fraternity since 1880 and is now past mas-
ter of Barry lodge, No. 34, A. F. & A. M. He
also belongs to Barry chapter, No. 88, R. A. M.,
of which he has been principal sojourner for
twenty-four years. He likewise affiliates with the
Modern Woodmen of America and in politics he
is a stanch and stalwart democrat. He has served
as mayor of the city, has been alderman and
township trustee and still further political honors
have been conferred upon him. for in 1899 and
1900 he represented his district in the forty-first
general assemblv of Illinois. The same keen in-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

315

•ight and enterprising spirit which have been
nanifest in his business -career have also been dis-
>layed in his political activity and have rendered
lini a capable officer. His devotion to the general
food has been above question and he has ever
>laced the public welfare before personal gain,
^is keen business discernment and indefatiga-
»le diligence have been the salient features in a
areer which is as honorable as it is successful
ind he is also richly endowed in those traits of
:haracter which win personal friendship and
•egard.

N. R. SHULTZ.

N. R. Shultz, a leading business man and finan-
:ier of Pleasant Hill, who for years was a pros-
)erous farmer, stock-raiser and feeder of Pleas-
mt Hill township, but is now engaged in the
>anking business, is numbered among the old
iettlers of this part of Pike county, where he has
•esided for a half century. He is a native of
Dhio, having been born in Lancaster county, that
itate, January 17, 1850. His father, Solomon
shultz, was a native of Pennsylvania and when
i young man went to Ohio, where he was mar-
•ied to Melvina Taylor, who was born near Co-
umbus, that state. For a number of years Sol-
>mon Shultz followed farming in' the Buckeye
state and his children were born there. In 1856
ne came westward to the Mississippi valley, first
locating in Missouri, but later in the same year
:ook up his abode in Pike county. Illinois. Here
be first purchased one hundred and sixty acres
Df land on the southern boundary line of the
county and began to farm and further improve
this property. Subsequently he purchased more
land and became a prosperous agriculturist, car-
rying on business successfully for a number of
years, or until his death, which occurred in July,
1867. His wife survived him for a number of
years and passed away in 1885.

X. R. Shultz came to Pike county when a lad
of six summers and was reared upon the old
homestead farm, remaining with his mother and
caring for her in her declining days. He is the
youngest in a family of two sons and one daugh-

ter, his sister being Eliza Shultz, who resides in
Los Angeles, California, and his brother, Thomas
J., who is now living in San Antonio, Texas. The
subject of this review early became familiar with
farm labor and in his youth he attended the com-
mon schools, but he is largely a self-educated
man, having greatly broadened his knowledge
through experience, reading and observation since
attaining to mature years. He was married in
this county in March, 1885, to Miss Fannie Ous-
ley, a daughter of Thomas Ousley, an early set-
tler of Pike county, who came to this state from
Kentucky. Mrs. Shultz was born, reared and ed-
ucated in Pike county and remained in her father's
home up to the time of her marriage.

Mr. Shultz has given his attention to agricul-
tural pursuits for many years and with his farm-
ing has made a business of raising, feeding and
fattening good graded stock, which he thus pre-
pares for the market. In the spring of 1890 he
took up his abode in the village of Pleasant Hill
and has remodeled and rebuilt his home until he
has a very neat and comfortable residence. He
was also instrumental in organizing the Citizens'
Bank of Pleasant Hill in 1903, became one of its
large stockholders and was elected and is still
serving as the president of the bank. A good
bank building was erected with one or more store-
rooms also on the ground floor and offices or
lodgerooms on the second floor. The rooms re-
tained for the banking business are large, neat
and well furnished and are well lighted and ven-
tilated and this business block is a credit to the
town and to the county. The Citizens' Bank has
become one of the solid financial institutions of
Pike county, having among its stockholders men
of known reliability whose names carry weight
on commercial paper.

In his political affiliation Mr. Shultz has been
a lifelong democrat where national issues are in-
volved, but at local elections he has the independ-
ence to cast a ballot for the men whom he re-
gards as best qualified for office without consid •
ering party affiliation. In this way he displays a
broad mind and public spirit and in such a course
rests the safety of politics and freedom from cor-
rupt influences. He has never desired ot sought
office for himself, preferring to give his atten-

3i6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

tion to his extensive business interests. He be-
longs to the Knights of Pythias fraternity at
Pleasant Hill and also holds membership relations
with the Modern Woodmen, while his wife is a
member of the Baptist church. Mr. Shultz has
been a resident of Illinois and Pike county for a
half century and has therefore witnessed much
of the growth and development of this part of
the state, while his interest in general progress
has been manifest in his tangible efforts for the
public good in Pleasant Hill and this part of the
county. He and his estimable wife are greatly re-
spected by all who know them and his business
career commands the admiration of all, for it is
indicative of what may be accomplished through

Smination and energy. He is now one of the
landowners of the county and in addition
has financial and other business interests of an
important and profitable nature.

XURRY M. INGALSBE.

Xurry M. Ingalsbe, who for forty-six years
has been a resident of New Salem, was born in
Washington county, New York, August 16, 1827,
and traces his ancestry back to Ebenezer Ingals-
be, his great grandfather, who was a resident of
Massachusetts. Aaron Ingalsbe, the grandfather,
was born in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, June
10, 1765, and, leaving New England, removed
to Hartford, New York, where he was with the
Bumps, the first settlers of that town. There,
with an axe, he made the first clearing, cutting
away the timber from a small field back of the
schoolhouse at the log village which is now called
East Hartford. He married Polly Hicks, who
was born January 5, 1773, and who died January
5, 1853, having for two years survived her hus-
band, who died June 17, 1851.

Belus Ingalsbe, father of our subject, was
born September 8, 1793, in Washington county,
New York, and, having arrived at years of matur-
ity, was married to Sally Maynard, whose birth
occurred June 17, 1797. Their marriage took
place in 1814 and they resided upon a farm near
Hartford, New York, where Belus Ingalsbe died

September 2, 1880. In the family were eight
children but the subject of this review is the only
one now living.

Xurry M. Ingalsbe was reared to farm life,
acquired a common-school education and in early
manhood was married, on the 26th of February,
1850, to Miss Belinda H. Owens, who was born
in Champaign county, Ohio, August 26, 1829.
Before coming to Illinois they lived for a time
in Wisconsin. In 1861 they removed to Pike
county, settling in New Salem, and thus for forty-
six years Mr. Ingalsbe has been a resident of this
place. As the years passed by' five children were
added to the family. Gertrude L., born January
28, 1852, married Samuel Tedrow, of New Sa-
lem, and they have six children: Maud, the wife
of Newton Kaylor ; Fannie, who married David
Smith; Ross; Myron; Ferris; and Nola. Ida J.
Ingalsbe, the second member of the family, born
October 13, 1853, is the wife of Calvin A. Ken-
nedy, of Hale, Missouri, and they have six chil-
dren : Mina J., the wife of Harry Preble ; Came-
lia, the wife of Jones Sheridan, of New York
city; Grace; John; James; and Bert. Moses
Belus, born March 16, 1855, married Emma Pine
and they have had four children : Linna, the wife
of Dr. Samuel Higgins, of Kansas ; Truma,
Xurry M., deceased; and Richard. Sally Maria,
born September 10, 1857, died March 16, 1861.
Thomas Burr, -born September 18, 1859, married
Emma B. Muriam and has one child, Spencer.
This was his second marriage and by his former
marriage he had a daughter, Nellie, who is now
the wife of Robert B. Johnson and resides at
Norfolk, Nebraska.

Mr. Ingalsbe had been a resident of Illinois
for but a brief period when he responded to the
country's call for aid to preserve the Union,
enlisting August 22, 1862, as a member of Com-
pany K, Ninty-Ninth Regiment of Illinois Vol-
unteers, with which he served for three years as
a wagoner. He hauled provisions and amuni-
tion for forty-three days at Vicksburg. He was
injured at Donaldsonville, Louisiana, in the right
ankle in a runaway and was sent to the marine
hospital at New Orleans, where he remained for
some time. In that city he was honorably dis-
charged in April, 1865, and was at Memphis,

MR. AND MRS. X. M. INGALSBE

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

319

Tennessee, when the news was received of the
assassination of President Lincoln.

Following the close of the war Mr. Ingalsbe
returned to his home in Illinois and began buying
and selling horses and mules, which business he
followed for many years. He afterward bought
a farm of ninety-three acres which he now owns
and which adjoins New Salem, but he is not
active in the management of the place,
renting the land to his son. He makes his
home in New Salem, where he has a fine
residence and six lots and he is now living in
retirement from business, enjoying a well earned
rest. He votes with the republican party, having
supported each presidential candidate of that or-
ganization, his first vote having been cast for
Fremont in 1856. In community affairs he is
active and helpful and has served as president of
the village board of New Salem in former years
and is the incumbent at the present time. Any
measure tending to promote the welfare of the
community receives his endorsement and co-
operation and his efforts in its behalf have been
far-reaching and beneficial. He is a member of
the Grand Army of the Republic of Pittsfield
and he and his wife are devoted members of the
Methodist church. In 1904 they celebrated their
fifty-fifth wedding anniversary, an occasion long
to be happily remembered by all who participated
therein. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ingalsbe are held in
the highest esteem by all who know th'em. They
now have four living children, seventeen grand-
children and six great-grandchildren. Their
lives, always honorable and upright, are indeed
worthy of emulation, and they can look back over
the past without regret.

CEPHAS M. SIMMONS.

Cephas M. Simmons, who at one time was
closely, actively and prominently connected with
business interests in Pike county, but is now liv-
ing a retired life, was born April 4, 1845, near
Perry, Pike county. His father, Cephas Sim-
mons, was a native of Kentucky, born in Bullitt
county on the 3d of September, 1809, and was the
17

eldest son and third child of Richard and Sophia
Simmons, who were pioneer residents of that
state. They underwent the usual experiences
which come to those who settle upon the frontier,
save perhaps their difficulties and dangers were
greater than were experienced in many parts of
the country because the Indians were so ruthless
and remorseless in their treatment of the whites
that the state became known as the "dark and
bloody ground." There were also wild animals
in the forests and the district was so far removed
from the older towns of civilization in the east
that there was little market for the products
which the. settlers "»aised.

Cephas Simmon's; who was one of a family of
five children, was 'on4y three years of age at the
time of his father's death'.* Later Mrs. Simmons
again married but survived for only a brief pe-
riod, her death occurring in 1817, only five years
after the death of her first husband. Cephas
Simmons was then thrown upon his own re-
sources. His educational privileges were limited
and he had no capital whatever but he depended
upon the safe and reliable qualities of industry
and perseverance to gain him a living. In 1827
he came to Illinois and spent the succeeding two
years with his uncle, Enos Simmons, then a resi-
dent of Morgan county. During that period he
became acquainted with and wedded Miss Lucy
Bradbury, who was born in Clermont county,
Ohio, in 1811, and was a daughter of Jacob and
Patience Bradbury. Mr. Simmons at that time
owned a colt and two calves, which constituted
his entire possessions, but as the years passed by
through his untiring labor, capable management,
economy and perseverance he accumulated con-
siderable wealth and was the owner of a good
business block in Griggsville besides other valu-
able property there. As the years passed eight
children were added to the family, namely : D. C. ;
Jane; Mary; Harriet, deceased; Julia; Cephas
M. ; Melissa, deceased ; and Columbus. Two of
the sons served in the Civil war, D. C. Simmons
volunteering in 1861 for three years' service.
He was wounded at Perryville, Kentucky, and he
now lives in Salem, Nebraska. The father also
was a stanch advocate of the Union cause and
was ever readv to assist in measures calculated

320

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

to bring about a speedy suppression of the rebel-
lion. In local affairs he was also deeply inter-
ested and he gave his co-operation to many move-
ments for the general good. He was highly re-
spected by his fellow citizens for his straight-
forward dealing in all business transactions and
for his fidelity to honorable principles through-
out his entire life. His last years were spent in
retirement from business labor in an attractive
home in Griggsville, where he died December 26,
1883. Both he and his wife were members of the
Baptist church, with which he was connected for
seventy-four years and his wife for fifty-three
years and in that faith they reared their children.

Cephas M. Simmons, having acquired his early
education in the public schools, attended Bryant
& Stratton Business College in Chicago, after
which he returned to the home farm in Pike
county, whereon he engaged in farming until his
marriage. In the meantime he had given active
aid to his country, enlisting at Griggsville on the
5th of May, 1864, as a member of Company F,
One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Illinois In-
fantry. He then went to Quincy and joined his
regiment, serving under command of Captain
Robert B. Robinson, of Barry, Illinois. The regi-
ment proceeded southward to Memphis, Tennes-
see, where Mr. Simmons was on picket duty for
some time. On the aoth of August, 1864, before
daylight, Forrest made his raid upon the Union
troops and Mr. Simmons was captured with
others and was inarched out into the country.
Owing to his illness at the time of his capture by
Forrest he was shortly afterward paroled and
later returned to his regiment, with which he
continued until honorably discharged with the
rank of second corporal on the 24th of Septem-
ber, 1864, by reason of the expiration of his term
of service.

On the ist of January, 1867, Mr. Simmons
was married to Miss M«ry W. Brakefield, who
was born June 9, 1847, in Griggsville township.
Pike county, and is a daughter of James and
Elizabeth (Carmer) Brakefield, who were mar-
ried April 22. 1845. ^er father, who was born
in England. April 22, 1822, passed away April
26, 1873. His birth occurred in the county of
Kent and when he was a year old his parents.

Charles and Mary Brakefield, brought him to
America, settling in Clinton county, Pennsyl-
vania, whence they soon afterward removed to
Schenectady, New York.

At the age of twenty-two years James Brake-
field became a resident of Griggsville, where he
followed farming and broom manufacturing. In
1845 ne married Elizabeth Carmer, who was born
in Paterson, New Jersey, September 12, 1825, a
daughter of Henry and Mary (Hunt) Carmer,
who were early settlers of Pike county, coming
here in 1831 or 1832. Her father was a native
of New York city and her mother of Philadel-
phia. Mr. Carmer followed farming up to the
time of his death, which occurred in December,
1862, when he was seventy years of age, while
his wife died in August previous. In March,
1857, James Brakefield embarked in merchandis-
ing in Griggsville in connection with J. M. Cran-
dall, but after three years' connection with com-
mercial pursuits he returned to his farm. In 1866
he entered into partnership with Levi W. Dix,
but in 1871 his health began to fail and he
passed away on the 26th of April, 1873. He was
prominently identified with the interests of this
county and was a worthy and respected citizen.
His wife died May 34, 1900, in her seventy-fifth
year. In the family of this worthy couple were
eight children: Mary W., born June 9, 1847;
Charles, who died in infancy ; Henry C., who was
born April 26, 1851, and died April 27. 1896, at
the age of forty-five years ; Burton, who was
born November 25, 1854, and died in infancy:
Lillie. who was born June 10, 1857. and died in
infancy : Carrie, who was born September 7.
1857, and died in infancy; Lydia C., born August
2. 1859: and Etta J., born February 28. 1866.

After his marriage Mr. Simmons of this review
began farming on his own account in Griggs-
ville township and was thus engaged for about
two years. He then conducted a livery business
for two years, when he sold out and turned his
attention to the live stock commission business in
St. Louis. Missouri. There he remained for
three years, when he returned to Griggsville and
again followed farming for four or five years.
At the end of that time he began buying hogs
for the Meriden Provision Company of Meriden,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

321

Connecticut, and was with that company for
about ten years. The firm was Bartholomew &
Coe, and when they dissolved business Mr. Coe
became connected with Swift & Company. They
then organized the Mervin Provision Company,
located at Hartford, Connecticut, and Mr. Sim-
mons engaged in buying hogs for that company
in Pike, P>rown and Scott counties, Illinois, for
about five years. In 1901, however, he retired
from business and has since enjoyed a well earned
rest, giving his attention simply to the super-
vision of his farm property.

Mr. Simmons has figured very prominently in
public life in Griggsville and his efforts have
been of value in the promotion of community in-
terests. He has filled the office of mayor, of al-
derman and supervisor and for four years was
a member of the state board of agriculture. He
has also been president of the Illinois Valley
Fanners' Association for fifteen years and has
done much to further agricultural interests in this
part of the state. He belongs to the Baptist
church and gives his political support to the re-
publican party. His life has been active and up-
right, his actions manly and sincere and in all
relations he has won and merited the confidence
and good will of his fellowmen. He belongs to
an honored pioneer family of the state and the
name of Simmons has ever been a synonym for
sincerity and fair dealing.

JOHN E. MORTON.

John E. Morton, who has been connected in
various ways with business interests in Perry and
Pike county, contributing to general progress
and prosperity as well as to his individual suc-
cess, is one of the honored pioneer rfsidents of
this part of the state. His birth occurred in Todd
county, Kentucky, on the Qth of September, 1832,
his parents being Charles M. and Mary L. (Haw-
kins) Morton, both of whom were natives of Vir-
ginia. The father was born in 1798 and on the
28th of January, 1825, wedded Miss Hawkins,
whose birth occurred June 14, 1802. She died
February 19, 1834, at the age of thirty-two years,

passing away in Adams county, Illinois. By this
marriage there were four children : Ann P., who
was born January 21, 1826, and was married De-
cember 19, 1844, to George Terrille, who died at
the age of fifty' years, while his wife now lives in
Quincy; Joseph L., born January 31, 1828, died
September i, 1848; Mary Jane, born April 21,
1830, married Oscar Proctor, December 27, 1853.
John Edmond, of this review, was the youngest
child of the father's first marriage. After losing
his first wife Mr. Morton was married Septem-
ber 17, 1835, to Nancy Vernon, who was born
March 3, 1804.

It was in the year 1832 that Charles M. Mor-
ton purchased a farm in Illinois and the follow-
ing year he removed with his family from Ken-
tucky to Adams county, settling at Newtown,
about four miles from Payson. The journey was
made by teams and there were five families in the
party — the Kays, Bernards, Tandeys, Graves and
Mortons. Mr. Morton located in Burton town-
ship, Adams county, where he first purchased one
hundred and twenty acres of land. Subsequently
he bought forty acres more which was wild and
unimproved and there he carried on general farm-
ing. His market at that time was Quincy and
there was little money in circulation in the west.
He obtained merchandise for his wheat and man-
aged to sell his pork for enough money to pay
his taxes. The family shared in all the hardships
and trials incident to pioneer life and as the years
went by developed a very productive property.
Mr. Morton served as town clerk and he gave
his political allegiance to the whig party. He
held membership in the Baptist church and was
a man of genuine personal worth, esteemed by all
who knew him. He departed this life July I,
1874, in his seventy-seventh year, and his second
wife died April 23, 1880, also in her seventy-
seventh year. The children of the second mar-
riage were: Harriet A., who was born June 15,
1836. and was married July 15, 1869, to Clinton
E. King ; George William, who was born Decem-
ber 14, 1837, and died December 4, 1838; Henry
Clay, who was born May 8, 1839, and was mar-
ried February 9, 1860, in Missouri to Jane Light-
foot ; James Edgar, who was born January 4,
1841, and died August 18, 1861 ; and Christiana

322

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Virginia, who was born December 21, 1842, and
was married October 22, 1868, to Granville Book-
out. All have passed away.

John E. Morton, whose name introduces this
record, was educated in the public schools of
Adams county and was there reared upon the
home farm amid the environments of pioneer life,
sharing with the family in the hardships and
trials incident to settlement upon a frontier and
aiding in the arduous work of developing a new
farm. After arriving at years of maturity he en-
gaged in merchandising at Newtown, Illinois,
from 1858 to 1861. He was associated with his
father-in-law, Ezekiel C. Brown, under the firm
style of Brown & Morton, and previous to the
organization of this partnership Mr. Brown had
carried on business in Newtown with Thomas
Tripp under the firm style of Brown & Tripp
for three or four years. Having disposed of hi.=
store, Mr. Morton conducted the Perry Springs
Hotel until 1864 and in the winter of 1865 em-
barked in merchandising at Perry under the firm
style of Morton, Oat & Kellogg. They con-
ducted a general mercantile enterprise until 1867,
when they closed out and Mr. Morton turned his
attention to the lumber and grain business. After
a time he extended the field of his operations to
pork packing, in which he continued until 1870.
In that year his grain warehouse and lumber yard
were destroyed by fire and in order to recuperate
his losses Mr. Morton went to Kansas, where he
spent the succeeding three years. In 1874 he re-
turned to Perry, however, and was engaged in
the insurance business for some time, but for the
past ten years has conducted an undertaking busi-
ness.

On the 2$th of March, 1855, was celebrated the
marriage of John E. Morton and Miss Emily Jane
Brown, who was born March 30, 1838, and was
a daughter of Ezekiel C. and Clarinda (Sly)
Brown, both of whom were born and reared in
Ohio. Their marriage was celebrated in that state
December 15, 1831. Mr. Brown was born April
24, 1803, and his wife on the 5th of January, 1811.
Following their marriage they came to Illinois in
1840 and were afterward identified with business
interests in this part of the state. Mr. Brown was
a cooper by trade and bought a farm in Payson

township, Adams county, following his removal
to Illinois. There he resided until 1861, when he
came to Pike county and purchased the Perry
Springs Hotel. Mr. Morton came to Pike county
at the same time and they conducted the hotel to-
gether during the years 1862 and 1863. The fol-
lowing year they sold the springs and the hotel
to the firm of Watson & Company of Spring-
field and Mr. Brown then purchased a farm west
of Perry known as the Dexter place, upon which
he lived for a few years, when he again took up
his abode in the village of Perry. He spent three
years in Topeka, Kansas, from 1871 until 1874,
when he returned to Pike county and lived upon
his farm until his death, which occurred March
8, 1876. His wife passed away July 28, 1889.
They were devoted members of the Presbyterian
church and in early life Mr. Brown gave his po-
litical allegiance to the whig party.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Morton were born the fol-
lowing named : Charles Cooper, the eldest, died
December 24, 1857. Venie Luff was married
October 17, 1878, to William Marden and they
have become the parents of three children :
Charles Morton, Mabel Emily and Roy Marden.
Frankie Albert died November 12, 1862. Mary
Clarinda and Fannie Williams Morton are at
home.

Mr. Morton of this review, long recognized as
an enterprising citizen of Pike county, has been
called to a number of public offices. He served
as supervisor of his township from 1863 until
1865 inclusive and has been justice of the peace
for the past twenty years or more. He was made
a member of Kingston lodge, No. 266, A. F. &
A. M. at Kingston, Adams county, Illinois, March
18, 1861, and by demit joined Perry lodge, No. 95,
on the 4th of February, 1865. He has acted as
master of this lodge for several terms and he also
belongs to Perry chapter, No. 135, R. A. M., and
has filled the office of high priest for several
terms. At the present time he is one of the grand
lecturers of the state and on several different oc-
casions he has been a delegate to the grand lodge.
He served for three years as deputy grand mas-
ter of the twentieth district and has been a dele-
gate to the grand chapter. He takes a most ac-
tive and helpful interest in Masonic work and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

323

has a wide acquaintance in the fraternity in Illi-
nois. He also holds membership relations with
the Ancient Order of United Workmen. In poli-
tics he has ever been a stalwart republican, cast-
ing his first presidential ballot for John C. Fre-
mont. He was in Quincy, Illinois, in 1840 at
the time of the Harrison campaign and saw the
processions with their cider barrels and gourds
and wagons decorated with coonskins, while
Tippecanoe and Tyler too" was the rallying cry
of the whigs. His life has been an honorable and
upright one characterized by manly principles
and straightforward conduct and he has never
been known to utter an oath in the seventy-three
years of his life. In his business career he has
been active and energetic and has never been
known to take advantage of the necessities of his
fellowmen in any trade transaction.

LYMAN SCOTT.

Lyman Scott, who for many years was closely
'associated with the industrial and commercial
development of Pike county, was a son of David
and Elizabeth (Dinsmore) Scott, who occupied
a comfortable home at Litchfield, Herkimer
county, New York. The father was b6rn in 1763
and remained a resident of the Empire state
until the middle of March, 1818, when he left
for what was then known as "the far west." The
party traveled by sleighs to the head of the
Ohio river and thence proceeded down that stream
on flatboats to Cairo. They had to cordell the
Mississippi river to St. Louis — that is, to go along
the river bank in front of the flatboat and pull
it up the stream. It was before the era of steam
navigation and after a slow and tedious journey
Mr. Scott arrived on the banks of the Mississippi
where the city of East St. Louis now stands, the
date being July 4, 1818. St. Louis was at that
time but a small French village. Mr. Scott died
in 1825 and was buried at Harrisonville, Monroe
county, Illinois, while his widow later passed
away in Naples, Scott county, Illinois. The sons
and daughters who survived the father were :
Lyman, of this review; Mrs. Pleuma Chamber-

lain ; Mrs. Harriet Wiswell ; Caroline, the wife of
Judge William Thomas, of Jacksonville, Illinois;
Mrs. Louisa Reeve; Mrs. Lucy D. Wills;
Mrs. Phinelia B. Gorbutt, who afterward
married George T. Purkett; and Lodema
H. Scott, who was born February 7, 1818, and
is still living at Princeton. Illinois.

Immediately after the death of his father Ly-
man Scott took upon himself the care of the family
and in a short time he removed across the Mis-
sissippi river to Herculaneum, Missouri, where
he engaged in lead mining, gaining therefrom
a comfortable competencey but afterward losing
it in litigation. The owner of the mines closed
them, allowing no person to mine lead. Mr. Scott
went secretly to the mines and took out the ore
by night. He was suspected, a survey was or-
dered and made, but men in Mr. Scott's employ
trailed powder through the mine, snatched the
engineer's papers and stamped them in the mud,
after which they touched off the trail of powder
which made the mine too smoky for the further
work of the engineers. Afterward a compromise
was effected, by which Mr. Scott realized enough
to purchase the farm between Rockport and Atlas
on sections 17, 20, 21, 28, 29 and 30 in Atlas
township, which is still known to the older resi-
dents as the Scott farm, although it has been
divided and is now owned by several parties.

About this time Mr. Scott was married to Char-
lotte E. Ross, a daughter of Captain Leonard
Ross, who won his title by service in the war of
1812, and he came to Pike county about 1850.
In the year 1832 he built the large brick house on
the Scott farm, now owned by Charles Gay.

Mr. Scott was the leading pork packer in Pike
county at an early day and was also engaged in
merchandising. In the year 1836 he laid out the
town of Rockport and the same year in connec-
tion with Colonel William Ross, his wife's uncle,
he erected a gristmill at Rockport imder the firm
name of Ross, Scott & Company. They also built
the mill dam and likewise a bridge across the sny,
Ecarte slough, almost or quite on top of the dam.
They likewise built a sawmill and both mills were
operated by water power. About the year 1844
he built the residence of the late David W. Deam
at Summer Hill for a summer residence and for a

324

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

number of years he kept a fine park there with
quite a large number of deer confined therein.
On the nth of March, 1845, he laid out the town
of Summer Hill on section 13, Atlas township,
and deeded the lot on which the Congregational
church now stands to the trustees of the church
and became a teacher in the Sunday-school. He
also gave a lot and built a schoolhouse at Summer
Hill known as the old red schoolhouse, after
which he employed a teacher and when the par-
ents were too poor to buy books for their children
he also supplied this want. About 1850 the
original schoolhouse became too small to accommo-
date all the scholars and he made the proposition
to his neighbors that they should raise all the
money that they could and he would give as much
more and have a good scKoolhouse built. The
structure was erected but the money raised was
not enough to finish it, so Mr. Scott supplied what
was still needed in addition to having already
given one-half of the amount.

It was Mr. Scott's pork-packing interests at
Rockport that later caused him heavy losses. He
conducted the business as a member of the firm
of Scott & Whiting and they borrowed large
amounts of money for those times in order to buy
pork. Leaving for New Orleans on a business
trip Mr. Scott instructed his partner to sell their
pork, but Mr. Whiting thinking the price would
raise did not sell. Instead the price went down
and upon Mr. Scott's return he found that all of
his accumulations had been practically swept
away. He wrote to each of his creditors concern-
ing his financial condition and set a day for them
to meet him at Rockport to devise means for a
settlement that would be just to all. The cred-
itors appeared and Mr. Scott, who had made a list
of all of his indebtedness and a list of his assets,
said "Gentlemen, here is what I owe, and here is
what I have to pay it with. Give me time without
distressing me and I will pay you all, dollar for
dollar with interest, or take all I have and release
me in full." He also said, "I am a very busy man.
I will give you two hours to deliberate as to what
.you think is best to do. I will then return for your
answer." On his return the creditors took his
property and released him. After some years Mr.
Scott again came to the front financially through

his business capacity, frugality, close attention,
untiring energy and strict integrity. By those
who know him his word was considered as good
as any bond solemnized by signature or seal.

After giving up everything Mr. Scott met the
man who had taken his mill in the division of the
property and he offered it for sale at a great bar-
gain. On asking Mr. Scott if he knew of any
person who would like to become a purchaser, he
replied, "Yes, I would like the mill if I could
find a way to pay for it, and I believe I have a
friend in St. Louis who will loan me
the money to buy the mill." Finally he
persuaded the new owner to go with him
to St. Louis, where he succeeded in bor-
rowing the money on his individual note with-
out security and thus he paid for the mill. He also
built -^ flatboat to carry freight to and from the
river in times of high water and he built ware-
houses on the bank of the Sny near where Gilgal
church now stands at the head of the canal slough,
which extended from there to the river at Scott's
landing. This warehouse was for storing freight
at times when he could not get to the river. There
was a steamboat landing called Scott's Landing
or Gilgal which did a flourishing business until
the railroad took the trade away and since that
time it has utterly disappeared.

Leaving* Pike county Mr. Scott removed to
Cincinnati, Ohio, and invented what is known as
Scott's little giant corn and cob mill, used for
making meal out of ear corn. This machine was
manufactured under the firm name of Scott &
Hedges, but soon tiring of the business Mr. Scott
sold out to his partner, Isaac A. Hedges, and in
the early 5o's removed to Leavenworth, Kansas,
owning large tracts of land in that locality in
addition to his real estate in Pike county. He
became a prominent and influential resident of
the Sunflower state and was elected to the Kansas
legislature at the time that John Brown, of Har-
per's Ferry, was inciting settlers to resistance of
the slavery element. After serving for one term
in the legislature Mr. Scott was re-elected and
was deeply interested in the questions which agi-
tated the country at that time. He was also a
stanch temperance advocate and often made tem-
perance speeches in various towns. One of his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

325

peculiarities was that he would not sell a man
anything if he knew he made his money by sell-
ing intoxicating liquors.

Mr. Scott passed away about 1864, survived by
his wife, Mrs. Qiarlotte E. Scott, and several
children, namely : Vesta Elizabeth, who became
Mrs. Naylor and afterward married Gilbert N.
Lee, who is also deceased ; Lucien Scott ; Mrs.
Idalia Weed; Mrs. Viola Baker; Mrs. Buena V.
Graybill ; and Mrs. Kate Vanderwerker. Mr.
Scott was universally beloved by the young peo-
ple, who always found him companionable and at
the same time recognized in him a safe and wise
counselor, who always had time to listen to their
troubles or hear the story of their interests. Al-
though at times he suffered reverses in his busi-
ness career his record was such as any man might
be proud to possess because at all times it was
characterized by honesty and integrity of purpose
and overcoming the obstacles that barred his path
in again working his way upward, and left a
competency of a quarter of a million dollars or
more to his family. His business activity in Pike
county forms an integral chapter in the early
history of this part of the state.

TAMES H. RAINWATER, M. D.

Dr. James H. Rainwater is engaged in the
practice of medicine and surgery in New Canton
and the consensus of public opinion concerning
his skill and ability is very favorable so that he
is accorded a liberal patronage. He was born
in Somerset, Pulaski county. Kentucky, Decem-
ber ii, 1858. his parents being John and Sarah
(Porter) Rainwater. The father's birth occurred
in the same county on the 5th of October, 1838.
while the mother's birth occurred in Pike county,
Illinois, near Detroit, on the 26th of September,
1842. They were married in Pulaski county,
Kentucky, December 3. 1857, and in the fall of
1860 they removed to Piatt county, Illinois, where
Air. Rainwater, a farmer by occupation, secured
a tract of land which he continued to cultivate
and improve until July. 1862. He then enlisted
for service as a member of Company D. Seventy-

third Illinois Volunteer Infantry and with the
boys in blue went to the front. He gave his life
in defense of his country, passing away in the
hospital at Xashville, Tennessee, on the 6th of
February, 1863. His wife long survived him and
died on the gth of February, 1892. In their
family were three children, of whom Mary F.
died in infancy. The others are : James H., of
this review; and Enoch J., a resident of this
county. He was born January 27, 1861, is a
farmer by occupation and for some time resided
in Lincoln county, Illinois, but recently sold his
farm there and in February, 1906, removed to
this county. He married Anna Foote, and they
became the parents of five children, three sons
and two daughters.

Dr. James H. Rainwater was reared in his
mother's home, having lost his father when not
yet five years of age. His early education was
acquired in the public schools, while his profes-
sional training was received in the University of
Missouri, from which he was graduated in the
class of 1889. At the age of eighteen years he
started out upon an independent business career
as a teacher in Pike county and successfully fol-
lowed that profession for ten years, being recog-
nized as one of the capable educators of his part
of the state. . He regarded this, however, merely
as an initial step to other professional labor and
desiring to become a member of the medical fra-
ternity he began reading to this end and later
matriculated in the medical department of the
University of Missouri, known as the Missouri
Medical College, from which, on completion of
the regular course, he was graduated as before
stated. On the 7th of March, 1889, he located for
practice in New Canton, where he has since re-
mained. He soon demonstrated his ability to
cope with the intricate problems which continu-
ally confront the physician in his effort to restore
health and strength. He is a student, discrimi-
nating and accurate, and is quick to adopt new
and improved methods which promise to be of
practical value in his professional duties. At the
same time he is slow to discard old and time-tried
methods, the value of which have been proverr.
His practice has grown steadily both in volume
and importance and the medical fraternity recog-

326

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

nizes his worth and ability and honors him for
his adherence to a high standard of professional
ethics. He belongs to the Pike County and Illi-
nois State Medical Societies and also to the Na-
tional Medical Association.

On the 9th of July, 1884, was celebrated the
marriage of Dr. Rainwater and Miss Sarah E.
Crews, and unto them have been born four chil-
dren, of whom three are now living: Pearl, who
was born September 30, 1885, and is engaged in
teaching school ; Fern, born August 4, 1893, and
now a public-school student; and Russell, born
October 7, 1898. The second child, Merle, born
June 27, 1891, passed away on the 2Oth of Sep-
tember, 1892. Mrs. Rainwater was a daughter
of Fleming H. and Elizabeth (White) Crews,
both of whom were natives of Missouri, in which
state they were reared and married and all of
their children were born there. In later years,
however, they came to Illinois and the father's
death occurred 'in New Canton on the gth of
•April, 1891, when he was sixty-seven 'years of
age. He was a minister of the Christian church
and exerted a strong and beneficial influence in
behalf of that denomination. He removed from
Missouri to Illinois in 1871, settling first in New
Hartford, Pike county, and afterward living in
Rockport, this county. He later took up his
abode in New Canton, where his last years were
passed. His widow still survives and now makes
her home with Dr. and Mrs. Rainwater. In their
family were four daughters and two 'sons,
namely: Andrew, who married Miss Mary Hos-
ford ; Mary, the wife of Benjamin Card ; S. W.,
who wedded Miss Ida Sigler ; Mrs. Sarah Rain-
water; Elizabeth, deceased; and Lucretia, the
wife of Harry A. Massie.

Dr. Rainwater belongs to New Canton lodge.
No. 821, A. F. & A. M., which was organized
in 1892 and of which he became first master. He
also belongs to Elm camp, No. 1148, M. W. A.,
and both he and his wife hold membership rela-
tions with the Mutual Protective League. Mrs.
Rainwater holds membership in the Christian
church and the Doctor contributes liberally to its
support and is interested in its work. In politics
he favors principles rather than party and casts
a somewhat independent ballot. Having been

brought to Illinois at an early age he has resided
continuously in Pike county with the exception
of a brief period between 1864 and 1867, which
he passed in Kentucky. He then returned to Illi-
nois and has since lived in Pike county, where he
has made a creditable name in a profession where
advancement depends entirely upon individual
merit and capability. With conscientious regard
for the obligations that devolve upon him he
faithfully performs his duties day after day and
is now known as one of the foremost representa-
tives of the medical fraternity here.

RANSOM KESSINGER.

Ransom Kessinger is one of the venerable and
honored citizens of Pike county, now residing
in Pearl township, and his landed possessions,
comprising over one thousand acres, indicates a
life of intense and well directed activity. .Now
at the advanced age of 'eighty-two years he is
living retired, enjoying the fruit of his former
toil in a comfortable home. Investigation into
his life history shows that his success has been
worthily won and that straightforward business
methods constitute the basis of his success. More-
over, he is one of the honored pioneer residents
of the state, for almost his entire life has been
passed within its borders, his birth having oc-
curred upon his father's farm, in Scott county,
on the 3d of September, 1823. His parents were
Solomon and Catharine (Slagle) Kessinger. The
mother died of smallpox upon the home farm in
Scott county when her son Ransom was but three
years of age, and the grandfather, Peter Kessin-
ger, died at the same time, but his wife, who bore
the maiden name of Catherine Kellogg, returned
to her native state of Kentucky and there died in
1838.

Solomon Kessinger continued a resident of
Scott county until 1836 or 1838 and then removed
to Macon county, Missouri, where he remained
for about six years, engaged in farming. Return-
ing to Illinois, he settled in Pearl township. Pike
county, upon a rented farm, which he cultivated
for three years; when he purchased eighty acres

RANSOM KESSINGER

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

329

of land on section 8, of the same township. Upon
that place he spent his remaining days, his death
occurring in 1864. In his family were two sons
and a daughter, Ransom, Christine and Peter. The
last named died of smallpox at the time of the
mother's death and Christine met death in a run-
away accident in 1897 when returning from
church.

Ransom Kessinger remained in his native
county until the removal of the father to Mis-
souri, and with him he returned to Illinois, con-
tinuing upon the old homestead farm in Pearl
township until eighteen years of age, when he
'started out in life on his own account. The oc-
cupation to which he was reared he determined
to make his life work, and for three years he
was in the employ of Jacob Deemer, during
which time he supplemented his early education
by attending school in the winter months. When
twenty-two years of age he made arrangements
whereby he was to farm for Henry Peacock and
was to receive one-fourth of the crop as his share.
He was thus engaged for three years and then
with his earnings made purchase of eighty acres
in Pearl township, where the old homestead now
stands. He continued to cultivate and improve
that property until after the outbreak of the Civil
war, when he enlisted in Company I, Ninety-ninth
Illinois Regiment. He participated in many im-
portant military movements, including the bat-
tle of Hartsville, Missouri, the siege of Vicks-
burg and the battles of Black River, Fort Esper-
anza, Labaca Bayou and Port Gaines. He served
for the full term of enlistment and was mustered
out at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, being honorably
discharged at Springfield, Illinois, August 10,
1865. He immediately returned home, rejoicing
over the return of the peace and the preservation
of the Union, and throughout all the years he has
been as loyal to his country in days of peace as
when he followed the stars and stripes upon
southern battle-fields. On again reaching home
he resumed farming in Pearl township, where he
has since made his home, and the large and grat-
ifying success which has come to him has re-
sulted in his well directed labors as a farmer and
his judicious investment in property. As his
financial resources have increased he has added

to his holdings from time to time until he now
owns over one thousand acres of valuabe land,
one-half of which is equal to the richest land in
Pearl township. He has about two hundred
acres in timber, mostly hardwood-^oak, walnut
and hickory — and constituting a very valuable
timber tract.

Before going to the war Mr. Kessinger was
married, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah
Jane Peacock, whom he wedded June 10, 1852.
She is a daughter of Henry and Nancy (Jackson)
Peacock, the former a native of Tennessee and
the latter of Kentucky. Mr. Peacock was one
of the first settlers of Calhoun county, Illinois,
having located there in 1823. There he met and
married Miss Jackson. He engaged in farming
and, as stated, was connected with Mr. Kessinger
in agricultural • pursuits. His wife died about
four yeacs^ after their marriage, leaving two little
daughters, Sarah- J.^nd Mary C. Peacock. The
latter married Thomas S. Hong and died in 1898.
The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Kessinger
were John and Catharine (White) Peacock, who
were pioneer residents of Calhoun county, where
the latter died in 1851 and the former in 1853,
passing away on Painter creek.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kessinger have been born
ten children : Henry, who married Annie John-
son ; Nancy E., the wife of G. W. Smith ; Jacob,
who married Mary Bogart ; Catharine, who be-
came the wife of Dr. Lock and later married
James Smith, while her death occurred in South
McAlester, Indian Territory, in 1902 ; Peter, who
married Lilly Wagoner, who died in Pearl town-
ship in 1888, after which time he wedded Alice
Hall, who died in Pearl 'township in 1901 ; R. O.,
who married Susan Johnson; Martha, the wife
of William A. Wagoner ; John A., who married
Emma Wagoner ; Elizabeth, who died at the age
of three years, and a daughter who died un-
named in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Kessinger have
thirty-nine grandchildren living and seventeen
great-grandchildren. They also had eleven
grandchildren and seven great-grandchildren
who are deceased.

Mr. Kessinger was commander of I. Piper
post, G. A. R., in 1885, being chosen to that po-
sition at the time of its organization and acting

33°

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

in that capacity for twelve years. He likewise
belongs to the Odd Fellows Society at Roodhouse,
Illinois. He is now eighty-two years of age and
is living a retired life, surrounded by many
friends who entertain for him warm regard be-
cause of his fidelity to manly principles as the
years have gone by.

W. S. BINNS.

W. S. Binns, one of the well known citizens
of Pike county, where his entire life has been
passed, is now serving as deputy county clerk
and is also secretary of the Old Settlers' Associa-
tion, having filled the latter position for eleven
years and the former for ten years. He was born
in the village of Time, in Hardin township, in
1864, his parents being Edward F. and Orpha
(Norton) Binns, both of whom were early resi-
dents of this county. In fact the father was a
native son of Pike county, where his death oc-
curred in 1895, when he had reached the age of
fifty-five years. He had long been active and
influential in politics and was a worker in the
democratic ranks. In 1887 he was elected county
clerk and served for five years. He was also a
member of the democratic state central committee
and was in charge of the committee in 1892 when
Altgeld was elected. He was chairman of the
county central committee for five years and was
serving on the state central committee at the time
of his demise, having also occupied that position
for some time. He thus became well known for
his allegiance to the democracy in Illinois and his
labor in behalf of the party organization was ef-
fective and beneficial. His wife was born in Ver-
milion county, Illinois, and in her girlhood days
came to Pike county, where she was married.
Her father, now ninety-three years of age, still
resides at Rossville, Vermilion county, and is one
of the most venerable citizens of that part of the
state. Mrs. Binns died in Pittsfield in 1879, at
the age of thirty-nine years. By her marriage
she had become the mother of two sons and a
daughter : W. S., of this review ; B. F., formerly

a merchant of Pittsfield and now in Dixon,
Illinois; and Mrs. George Barber, of Pittsfield.

W. S. Binns was reared in Pike county and
completed his education in Callaghan College, at
Des Moines, Iowa. Following his return home he
became deputy county clerk and for the past fif-
teen years has devoted his attention to official
services, discharging his duties with a capability,
promptness and fidelity that are above question.

Mr. Binns was married to Miss May Cris-
well, of this county, a daughter of James Cris-
well, formerly editor of the Old Flag, now the
Republican. He was one of the early residents of
the county but died several years ago. Mr. and
Mrs. Binns have six children, four sons and two
daughters: William C, Florence O., John C,
E. Coleridge, Majorie and George R. They also
lost their second son, Edward, who died at the
age of thirteen years.

In politics Mr. Binns has always been a demo-
crat, while socially he is connected with the
Knights of Pythias, being keeper of the records
and seal in Pittsfield lodge, No. 652. He is like-
wise treasurer of the Pike County Mutual Life
Association, is a member of the Tribe of Ben
Hur, being past chief of the tribe at Pittsfield.
Mr. Binns has a wide acquaintance in the county,
where his entire life has been passed, and that he
has been long retained in public office is an indi-
cation of the confidence and trust reposed in his
capability and worth.

FRANK SYKES.

Frank Sykes, who is engaged in general mer-
chandising at Haclley, was born March 19, 1869,
in Beverly township, Adams county, his parents
being James and Mary (Ayres) Sykes. The fa-
ther was born March 9. 1819, in Huddersfield,
England, which was the birthplace of his parents
and grandparents. His paternal grandfather pass-
ed his early life in his native country and when
quite young commenced to work in the woolen
mills, where his close application and ability won
him recognition and eventually he was promoted
to the position of foreman in the finishing depart-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ment. In 1821, ambitious to enjoy still better
business opportunities, he crossed the Atlantic to
America and secured a position in Manhattan-
ville, now a part of New York city. He then sent
for his wife and three children to join him in
the new world and they took passage upon a sail-
ing vessel, which weighed anchor, at Liverpool.
After the vessel had been out a few weeks it
sprang a leak and started to retrace its course.
After sailing for thirteen weeks they finally man-
aged to reach the port of Cork, Ireland, and Mrs.
Sykes then returned home with her three children.
Soon, however, she had again completed arrange-
ments for sailing to the United States and this
time after a voyage of seven weeks she reached
New York city. She had, however, thus spent
twenty weeks upon the ocean in that year. She
joined her husband and they resided for a time
in New York city afterward at Glenham, in
Dutchess county and subsequently in Brooklyn,
New York. In June of 1834 the grandfather
visited Adams county, Illinois, and, being pleased
with the country and its future prospects, he pur-
chased four hundred and eighty acres of govern-
ment land located in Beverly township. After
purchasing this land he returned to Brooklyn
and on the 2d of October, 1834, accompanied by
his family, started for the new home in Illinois.
They traveled on a tow boat on the Hudson river
to Albany, thence by way of the Erie canal to
Buffalo, by lake to Cleveland and on the Ohio
canal to Portsmouth, where they took a steamer,
thus proceeding down the Ohio and up the Mis-
sissippi river to Quincy. Mr. Sykes left his family
in Quincy and went to his farm, whereon he
built a log cabin, after which the family
were soon installed in their new home.
He then entered resolutely upon the task of till-
ing the soil and continued to make his home upon
that place up to the time of his death, which oc-
curecl in 1852. In early life he 'married Miss
Hannah Hirst, a native of England and a
daughter of William Hirst, who was also born
in Yorkshire. They reared four children : Mary ;
William ; James, father of our subject ; and John,
who was born in New York.

James Sykes was only two years of age when
brought by his mother to the United States and

was a youth of fifteen at the time of the removal
to Illinois, where he assisted in the arduous task
of developing a new farm. He continued upon
the old homestead until he had attained his ma-
jority, when his father gave him eighty acres of
wild land, half prairie and half brush. Upon
this place he erected a frame house, which was the
third of the kind in Beverly township, all of the
homes with two exceptions having previously
been built of logs. Later he turned his attention
to carpentering, to which he gave a part of his
attention for nearly thirty years and in the mean-
time he superintended the • improvement of the
farm. By his well directed thrift and enterprise
he prospered and as the years passed he gradually
increased his landed possessions until he now
owns seven hundred and sixty acres of valuable
farming property in Adams county. He continued
to live upon the old homestead until 1888, when
he purchased his present attractive residence that
is beautifully located on Diamond Hill in Barry
and now he is living in well earned ease, enjoy-
ing a rest which he has truly merited.

On the 23d of September, 1849, James Sykes
was married to Miss Mary Ayres, a native of
Woodbridge, New Jersey, who died in Adams
county, April i, 1873, leaving six children, while
five had previously passed away. Those still
living are: Hannah, the wife of Aaron House,
a resident of Cass county, Nebraska; Elizabeth,
the widow of James O. Mcl-ain and also a resi-
dent of Cass county ; Joseph, who resides at Colo-
rado Springs, Colorado ; Emma, the wife of W.
M. Huffman, who resides upon the old Sykes
farm in Beverly township, Adams county ; Frank,
of this review; and Hattie, the wife of Frank
Lawson, who is living near Barry. Having lost
his first wife Mr. Sykes was again married, No-
vember 25, 1875, to Miss Martha J. Cunning-
ham, who was born in Harrison county, Ohio.
James Sykes is a stalwart republican in politics
and served for nearly thirty years as school di-
rector in Adams county. He has also been a mem-
ber of the board of education in Barry and chair-
man of the board of health. He stands today a
strong man, strong in his honor and good name
because of a life of untiring activity, of general
usefulness and of successful accomplishment. He

332

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

has now passed the eighty-seventh milestone on
life's journey and is one of the most venerable
and respected citizens of the county.

Frank Sykes was educated in the common
schools of Adams county and also spent one year
as a student in the schools of Barry and one year
in the Gem City Business College at Quincy, Illi-
nois. He was reared to farm labor and continued
to assist his father until twenty-one years of age,
when he started out in life on his own account as
a farmer of Beverly township, Adams county,
where he remained for five years. He then re-
moved to Hadley township, where he still owns
one hundred and sixty acres of valuable farming
land. He also has a good store at Hadley and
carries a • well selected stock of general mer-
chandise, including shoes, clothing, dry goods,
groceries and other commodities. In July, 1894,
he was appointed postmaster at Hadley, which
position he has since filled, discharging the duties
of the office in connection with the management
of 'his commercial interests and the supervision
of his farm. He raises both stock and grain and
feeds a large number of hogs annually. He also
buys grain for the Barry Milling Company and
practically handles all of the grain raised in
Hadley township. He likewise buys and sells
coal. His business interests are thus extensive
and carefully conducted, and his able management
and enterprise are bringing to him very gratify-
ing success.

On the 23d of October, 1890, Mr. Sykes was
united in marriage to Miss Eliza Hill, who was
born in Hadley township on the 24th of August,
1869, and is a daughter of Fred and Elizabeth
(Grammer) Hill. Her father was born in Rhode
Island, March 8, 1844, and was a son of William
and Julia (Farnsworth) Hill. The grandfather
was a native of England, born in 1820 and in 1840
he came to America, settling in Rhode Island,
where he worked in the cotton mills. Later he
went to Massachusetts and was employed in a
cotton factory until 1850, when he came to Pike
county, Illinois, making the journey from New
York to Buffalo by canal boat and thence to
Chicago by way of the Great Lakes. He con-
tinued his journey on the canal to La Salle and
thence came down the Illinois river to Pike

county. Mr. and Mrs. Hill went to live with the
great-grandfather of Mrs. Sykes, remaining there
for one year, after which a house was built,
which they occupied for three years. It was a
primitive little house without plastering and the
snow would blow in between the chinks and it
was very cold. He purchased four hundred acres
of land in Fairmount township and it was upon
this tract that the house was built. Mr. Hill
broke and cleared his land which was all a wild
timber tract when it came into his possession.
He grubbed out the stumps and performed all
the arduous toil necessary to the cultivation of a
farm which was evolved from a wild tract of
forest land. Ox teams were largely used in the
farm work. The farm was situated on' the divide
between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. The
family shared in all the hardships and trials inci-
dent to establishing a home on the frontier.
Fred Hill, father of Mrs. Sykes, never had an
overcoat or overshoes until he was twenty-two
years of age. He was a small child when the
family came to Pike county and was educated in
the common schools here. He began active work
oh the farm when only eight years of age and he
continued at home until twenty-two years of age,
when he rented land from his father, continuing
its cultivation for nine years. On the expiration
of that period his father gave him a farm of
ninety-six acres and he continued its care and cul-
tivation until 1876, when he bought a farm of
two hundred and twenty-eight acres on section
I, Hadley township, where he now resides. He
was married on the 5th of April, 1866, to Miss
Elizabeth Grammer, a native of Perry township,
Pike county, Illinois. They have nine children,
five daughters and four sons : Julia, who married
William McCleery and resides in Missouri; Mrs.
Sykes ; Eva, the wife of Roy Riggs, of Elmwood,
Illinois ; Webber, who married Ethel Ingalls, and
lives in New Salem township, Pike county; Liz-
zie, Retta, Frank, Wilmot, and Charles, all at
home. The father is a farmer and stock-raiser
and has a well improved farm, to which he gives
his personal supervision. His political views are
in accord with democratic principles and he is
accounted one of the representative and influen-
tial residents of his localitv, whose business career

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

333

is extremely commendable, for through his untir-
ing- labors he has won the success which he now
enjoys.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Sykes have been born three
children, two sons and a daughter : Freddie James,
born March 8, 1894; Paul Edwin, September 2,
1900; and Mary Elizabeth, October 12, 1903. The
parents occupy an enviable position in the regard
of many friends and acquaintances. Mr. Sykes is
a republican in his political views and belongs to
the Modern Woodmen camp at Barry and to the
Odd Fellows lodge there. He has been very suc-
cessful in his business career, ever manifesting
the spirit of enterprise which would allow him to
brook no obstacles and has enabled him to over-
come all difficulties and work his way steadily
upward to success. He is justly accounted one of
of the representative agriculturist and merchants
of his community.

JON SHASTID.

Jon Shastid, of Perry, is the owner of valuable
landed interests comprising eleven hundred and
eight acres in Pike county, nine hundred and fifty
acres in Texas, ten acres in Wisconsin and eighty
acres in Adams county. He is now retired from
active business life, for he has passed the seventy-
eighth milestone on life's journey, his birth hav-
ing occurred in Overton county, Tennessee, June
2, 1827. The following year he was brought to
Illinois by his parents, John G. and Elizabeth
(Edwards) Shastid, who took up their abode in
Menard county. The father was born in Ken-
tucky in March, 1798, while the mother's birth
occurred in Rutherford county, North Carolina,
in September, 1794. They were married in Ten-
nessee and after coming to Illinois Mr. Shastid
purchased, land in Sangamon county which was
surveyed by Abraham Lincoln. This was par-
tially prairie and partially timber land and upon
the tract he built a log cabin. He was closely as-
sociated with the pioneer development of that dis-
trict and in 1836 he removed to Pittsfield, Pike
county. Here he carried on farming and teaming
and was a factor in public affairs, serving as dep-

uty sheriff, constable and collector. He gave his
political support to the democracy in early life,
being a stanch advocate of the principles promul-
gated by General Jackson, but later he joined the
ranks of the republican party. He held member-
ship in the Christian church and died in that faith
in Pittsfield in February, 1874, when about sev-
enty-six years of age. His wife passed away De-
cember 8, 1863. In their family were eight chil-
dren, but only two are now living, Jon of this
review and Dr. T. W. Shastid, a resident of Pitts-
field. As before stated, Jon Shastid was only
about a year old when brought by his parents to
Illinois. His early education was acquired in the
public schools and he afterward attended the Illi-
nois College at Jacksonville. When seventeen
years of age he began teaching school, following
the profession for twenty-four years. During the
first five months of his connection with the work
of public education he made about twelve dollars
per month. Through the careful husbanding of
his resources during all of the time that he was
teaching he found himself worth between fifteen
and twenty thousand dollars when he put aside
the duties of the schoolroom. He taught for three
months in Whiteside county, Illinois, and. for a
little more than two years in Fulton county and
during the remainder of the time his educational
service was rendered in Pike county. In 1869 he
joined his father-in-law in the conduct of a mer-
cantile enterprise and was thus engaged until Jan-
uary i, 1884, when he sold out to Mrs. Cockill,
his mother-in-law. He was very successful in
his agricultural venture, acquiring a handsome
competence through well directed effort, judicious
purchases and advantageous sales. As his finan^
cial resources have increased he has made exten-
sive investments in real-estate and now owns four
farms in Perry tbwnship, one in Pittsfield town-
ship, one in Spring Creek township, one in Bev-
erly township and five in Texas, having altogether
twenty-one hundred and forty-eight acres of land.
In 1864 Mr. Shastid was united in marriage to
Miss Esther A. Cockill, whose birth occurred
January II, 1843, her parents being Joseph and
Anna (Beatty) Cockill. Her father was a na-
tive of Schuylkill county, Pennsylvania, and died
in 1873, at the age of fifty-six years. His wife,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

who was horn in Xcw Haven, Connecticut, De-
cember i, 1818, is now living in Perry. They
were married in the Keystone state and became
the parents of three children, but Mrs. Shastid
is the only one now living. Her father was a
merchant and coal operator in Pennsylvania and
in 1858 he came to Pike county, Illinois, locating
in Perry, where he established a store which is
still conducted. He was one of the leading mer-
chants of the village, having a large and profit-
able trade and he also acted as postmaster of
Perry for a number of years. His parents were
members of the Society of Friends and he was
reared in that faith. His political support was
given to the republican party.

Mr. Shastid has always maintained his interest
in educational affairs and yet often meets with
the teachers and discusses the school work and
the best plans of promoting public education. He
served as town clerk in Barry, but resigned the
office before the expiration of his term. He first
cast an anti-slavery vote in 1848 and his first
presidential vote was given in support of Martin
Van Buren. He has for many years been an ar-
dent republican, and for sixty-two years has been
a member of the Christian church. He has led
a busy, useful and honorable life characterized by
unfaltering allegiance to manly principles, and
while he has met with good success his prosperity
is attributable entirely to earnest and straightfor-
ward labor.

• W. A. WINDMILLER.

W. A. Windmiller, who is now living a retired
life in Pleasant Hill but for fourteen years was an
active business man in the village, is a native of
Pleasant Hill township, his birth having occurred
on the 27th of October, 1859. His father, Samuel
Windmiller. was a native of Germany, born in
1807 and when a young man he came with his
mother and the family to the new world. The
father started with them but died on the voyage
over and was buried at sea. The family located
in Pike county, Illinois, where Samuel Wind-
miller was later married to Mrs. Anna (Glenn)
Williams, who was born in Pennsylvania, but
was of German lineage. Mr. Windmiller pur-

chased land and developed a farm in Pleasant
Hill township, becoming one of the thrifty and
enterprising agriculturists of the community. He
continued to give his attention to general agri-
cultural pursuits up to the time of his death,
which occurred upon the old homestead in 1875.
His wife still survives him and resides with her
children.

W. A. Windmiller is one of a family of five
sons, who reached mature years. The eldest, G.
F. Windmiller, is a farmer of Pleasant Hill town-
ship ; J. H. Windmiller also devotes his attention
to farming ; W. A. is the next of the family ; and
C. T. is a merchant of Pleasant Hill. One
brother, Samuel, reached mature years and mar-
ried, but is now deceased.

W. A. Windmilkr, spending his boyhood days
in his native township, acquired his education
in the common schools, and was reared to farm
labor, early becoming familiar with the duties
that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He was
married in Pleasant Hill on Christmas eve, of
1884, to Miss Susie Capps, a native of Kansas,
and a daughter of W. D. Capps, who removed to
the Sunflower state, and there resided for a few
years, after which he returned to his old home
in Pike county, Illinois, so that his daughter was
reared and educated here. Following his mar-
riage Mr. Windmiller engaged in farming for
seven years, operating rented land. He then
purchased a half interest in a store in 1891 and
afterward engaged in merchandising in Pleasant
Hill, becoming sole proprietor of the store in
1893. He continued in active business for nearly
fourteen years, carrying a large and well se-
lected line of general merchandise. His straight-
forward business methods and unfaltering en-
ergy won for him a large patronage, and he
gradually added to his capital. He also purchased
and still owns a business house in the village ;
and he erected a neat residence, which he now
occupies. Mr. Windmiller has extended his ef-
forts to other fields of activity, having purchased
land and laid out an addition to the town. He
also bought a farm in Pleasant Hill township
and continued its cultivation and further im-
provement liaving now a valuable property which
returns to him a good income.

FAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

335

The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Windmiller
has been blessed with three children: Nina and
Marie, who are students in the home school;
Howard Earl, the second in order of birth, was
horn May 3, 1891, and died November 28, 1892,
at the age of one year and six months. The
parents are members of the Baptist church, and
in politics Mr. Windmiller has been a lifelong
democrat. He was elected and served as presi-
dent of the village board, and has also been a di-
rector of schools ; but does not desire nor seek of-
fice, preferring to concentrate his energies upon
his business interests. He is a Master Mason, be-
longing to Pleasant Hill lodge, and he has passed
all of the chairs in the Knights of Pythias lodge,
and is past chancellor. His entire life has been
passed in Pike county ; and he has therefore wit-
nessed much of its growth and development,
helping to improve and make the village of Pleas-
ant Hill what it is to-day. He is one of the origi-
nal stockholders of the Citizens Bank, and is now
vice president of the institution. His invested
interests bring to him a good financial return an-
nually, and indicate his resourceful business abil-
ity, keen insight and sound judgment. He is
well known throughout his native county as a
man of strict integrity and worth, and he and his
estimable wife are held in uniform regard.

JAMES WHEELAN.

James Wheelan, engaged in general farming on
section i. Pleasant Vale township, was born in
Ireland in 1837, and in 1848 accompanied his
mother to St. Louis, Misouri. His parents were
Richard and Mary (Scully) Wheelan. The fa-
ther died about 1846, and the mother, as before
stated, came to the new world, establishing her
home in St. Louis. The voyage was made on a
sailing vessel, the General Taylor, which dropped
anchor in the harbor of New Orleans after six
weeks and four days spent upon the Atlantic.

Mr. Wheelan of this review remained in St.
Louis with his mother until 1855, there learning
the blacksmith trade, and they then came to Pike
county, Illinois, where he began working at his

trade, being first employed by Horace Palmer,
while later he engaged in business on his own ac-
count in New Canton. He followed that pursuit
until 1873, when he abandoned the trade and re-
moved to a farm, upon which he resided until
1877. The place upon which he now resides he
purchased in 1870, and seven years later he took
up his abode thereon, and has since made it his
home. He has built here a beautiful residence,
fine barns and other substantial buildings, and in
fact, all of the improvements on the place stand
as monuments to his thrift and labor. He has also
purchased a farm adjoining the original property
and yet owns this. His landed possessions aggre-
gate two hundred and forty-five acres of rich
and productive soil, which he has brought under
a high state of cultivation, and from which he an-
nually harvests abundant crops. He carries on
general farming and stock-raising, and makes a
specialty of shorthorn cattle and a good grade
of hogs.

In 1857 Mr. Wheelan was married to Miss Isa-
belle Brown, who was born in Ireland, and unto
this union have been born seven children, of
whom four are living: Mary, the wife of John
Kendrick who resides near her father's farm;
Belle, who is the wife of Warren Spencer and
lives upon an adjoining farm ; William, who mar-
ried Anna Brammel, who died, leaving three chil-
dren, John B., James S. and George S., who with
their father reside upon the old farm homestead;
and James G., who married Anna Hoverland,
also deceased, while he resides with his father.
Those who have passed away are : Ella, who be-
came the wife of John Lax and left one child;
Alexander H. ; Rebecca, who married Ed. Fesler,
and both are now deceased, leaving two children,
James W. and Ella W., the latter living with
her grandfather Wheelan; and Richard. Mrs.
James Wheelan died in 1873, and in 1877 Mr.
Wheelan was married to Eliza Brown, who was
born in Ireland in 1849 and came: to America in
1870, making her home in Ogle county, Illi-
nois, with her mother. She afterward came to
Pike county on a visit and later most of her
mother's family removed to this county.

Politically Mr. Wheelan is a democrat, and for
a number of years served as village trustee of

336

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

New Canton. He was also road commissioner for
six years, and for a long period has been a school
director, doing everything in his power to ad-
vance the cause of public education, in which he
is deeply interested. He belongs to Barry lodge,
No. 34, A. F. & A. M., and Barry chapter, No.
88, R. A. M. The wife is a member of the Meth-
odist church. They reside on section I, Pleasant
Vale township, about three miles from Barry and
three miles from New Canton, and they are now
pleasantly ' situated in life although when Mr.
Wheelan came to Pike county he had a capital of
but thirty cents. He has been an industrious,
hard-working man, and all that he possesses has
been acquired through his own labors. Toil —
earnest unremitting toil — this is the secret of his
prosperity, and his example should serve as a
source of encouragement and inspiration to
others who have begun life empty-handed as he
did. In no country does labor receive its just
reward as surely as it does in America, and with
the improvement of business opportunities Mr.
Wheelan has made for himself a creditable place
among the well-to-do residents of Pleasant Vale
township.

E. R. STONER, M. D.

Dr. E. R. Stoner, the oldest practicing phy-
sician in Pike county to-day, was born in Ohio,
January n, 1827, a son of Colonel Joseph and
Margaret (Fred) Stoner. The father was born
in Pennsylvania and the mother's birth occurred
in Virginia in 1800. They were married in Ohio
and Mr. Stoner passed away in 1852, at the age
of fifty-seven years, while his wife died in 1857,
at the same age. In 1836 the father came to Illi-
nois, settling in that part of Schuyler county
which is now Brown county. He first purchased
land at the usual government price of a dollar
and a quarter per acre, securing three hundred
acres, and he built thereon a log cabin and at once
began breaking the wild prairie land with oxen.
Dr. Stoner, who was then but a young lad, often
assisted in this work. In 1841 Mr. Stoner erect-
ed a more commodious and modern residence — a
frame structure — and the family were soon in-

stalled in a comfortable home. He was a public-
spirited citizen, active and capable in affairs of
general interest. He served as colonel of a regi-
ment of the Ohio militia and as captain of a mili-
tary company in Illinois. He also acted as gov-
ernment commissioner in Schuyler county. His
political allegiance was given to the democracy
and he was a Universalist in religious belief. In
his family were ten children, but only two are now
living: Dr. Stoner, of this review, and Stephen,
who resides at Burnside, Hancock county, Illi-
nois, where he is engaged in business as a mer-
chant and stockdealer.

Dr. Stoner acquired his literary education in
the public schools. Determining upon the prac-
tice of medicine as a life work, he entered the
Missouri Medical College, from which he was
graduated in the class of 1854. He began prac-
tice, however, in 1852, when he first came to Pike
county, locating at Chambersburg, where he spent
two years. He then removed to the town of
Perry, where he resided for seven years, and in
1861 he came to Griggsville. He has been in
active practice in this .county altogether for fifty-
three years and has always kept in touch with the
advance made by the medical fraternity as in-
vestigation, research and experiment have broad-
ened the knowledge and promoted the efficiency
of its representatives.

On the 6th of October, 1855, Dr. Stoner was
married to Miss Ann Eliza Whitaker, a daughter
of Benjamin and Delia (Wood) Whitaker, who
were natives of New York city. Her father came
to Illinois at an early day, settling on a farm
two and a half miles north of Perry, Pike county,
and was engaged in the meat-packing business
for a number of years. He afterward removed
to St. Louis, Missouri, where he was engaged in
a general commission business for twenty years,
and in 1876 he came to Griggsville, where he
lived retired up to the time of his death, which
occurred when he was eighty-one years of age.
His wife survived and passed away at the very
venerable age of ninety-four years. They were
members of the Baptist church and Mr. Whitaker
gave his political allegiance to the republican
party. In his family were four children, all of
whom are yet living, namely : James ; Mrs. Helen

DR. E R. STONER

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

339

Dozer, a resident of St. Louis, Missouri; Mrs.
Stoner, and Mrs. Emma Lacey, who is living in
Baltimore, Maryland.

Unto Dr. and Mrs. Stoner have been born
three children. Mrs. Emma Douglas is now in
Paris, France, educating her two daughters. The
elder, Kathryn, is a graduate of the Chaevachase
school and is now engaged in translating lan-
guages. Margaret, the younger daughter, is at-
tending a French school in Paris. The mother
is a most highly educated lady of superior lit-
erary attainments and is also acting as chap-
eron for two other young ladies beside her own
daughters in Paris. Stanley, the only son, mar-
ried Miss Evadne Rumsey, of St. Louis, Missouri.
They were married in Minnesota and have one
child. Stanley is a graduate of Cornell Univer-
sity of the class of 1886 and was a teacher of po-
litical economy for three years in Washington
University. He was appointed to represent Chan-
celor Elliott after his death and for fifteen years
he was a practitioner of law in St. Louis. He re-
ceived the appointment of consul general from
President Roosevelt to Calcutta, India, and was
transferred to that place from Bombay, but he
resigned his position because of his family, it
being unsafe for them to remain there on account
of the plague. Alice, the third member of the
family, is the wife of Dr. Vincent Lasbury, of
Chicago.

In his early life Dr. Stoner engaged in teaching
school between the ages of seventeen and twenty
years and then entered upon preparation for the
medical profession. Since engaged in practice
he has had eighteen or twenty students under his
direction and some of them attained prominence
in medical circles, including Professor A. C. Cot-
ton, who is with the Rush Medical College, of Chi-
cago ; Dr. Charles A. Wade, who is a teacher in
Chicago, and Dr. Henry Hatch, who after study-
ing with Dr. Stoner continued his studies in Lon-
don and Berlin. He died in Quincy, Illinois,
in the summer of 1905 and was buried in Griggs-
ville cemetery. Dr. Stoner, although for more
than a half century connected with his profes-
sion, is still the beloved family physician in manv
a household in Griggsville and the surrounding
districts, and his professional skill and irreproach-
18

able private life have won him the love, confi-
dence and trust of his fellowmen and made him
a most honored citizen of Pike countv.

ROLLIN MEARS DIX.

One does not have to carry his investigations
far into the history of Griggsville to learn that
the name of Dix has long been an honored one
in Pike county and the subject of this review has
fully sustained the admirable family record. He
was born in this county August 31, 1855, and ac-
quired his education in the public schools of
Griggsville. His father, Levi W. Dix, was a na-
tive of Maiden, Massachusetts, born February 15,
1821, and his death occurre.d~ih Griggsville, April
30, 1874. He -was' a- son of John Dix, who in
1834 came to Illinois with his family. In 1841
Levi W. Dix was united in marriage with Miss
Ruth E. Kiddle, a native of Yarmouth, Nova
Scotia, and a daughter of Arthur Kiddle. Five
children were born of this marriage, but only
Rollin M. Dix is now living. The father was
engaged in merchandising in Griggsville for ten
or fifteen years and had a good business, being
known as one of the leading merchants of this
place. He was a partner of James Brakefield
and in all of his business relations commanded
uniform confidence and trust.

Rollin Mears Dix was educated in the public
schools of Griggsville and has spent much of his
life in traveling with his mother. With her he
visited her old home in 1881 and at that time they
took an extended trip over the New England
states, visiting many places of historic interest. He
lived in Las Vegas, New Mexico, from July 18,

1888, until after the death of his sister in April,

1889. In 1897 he and his mother made an ex-
tended trip in the east, visiting many points, in-
cluding Chautauqua, New York. On the 22d of
December, 1899, Mr. Dix lost his mother, since
which time he has occupied the old homestead,
where he has spent his entire life with the excep-
tion of the periods devoted to travel. He has
lived on this site for forty-one years, but two of
the old houses have been torn down. His life

340

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

-was devoted to his mother and the affection be-
tween them was largely ideal. He gave to her
almost his entire thought and devotion and put
forth every effort in his power for her comfort
and happiness. His home is a beautiful one, most
attractively furnished, showing every evidence of
a refined and cultured taste as well as of wealth.
Jn politics Mr. Dix has always been a republican
and his religious faith is indicated by his mem-
bership in the Congregational church.

JOHN P.. CHAMBERLIN.

There are no rules for building character;
there is no rule for achieving success. The man
who can rise from the ranks to a position of
prominence is he who can see and utilize the
opportunities that surround his path. The essen-
tial conditions to human life are ever the same,"
the surroundings of influence differ but slightly
and if one man passes another on the highway,
reaching the goal of prosperity before 'those who
perhaps started out ahead of him, it is because
he has the power to use the advantages which
probably encompass the whole human race. To-
day among the most prominent business men of
Barry stands Mr. Chamberlin and his name
brings to mind an important commercial indus-
try of the city, for he has long been engaged in
the conduct of a men's furnishing goods store in
Barry, where he has made an unassailable repu-
tation for business integrity, for progressive
methods and for successful accomplishment.

Mr. Chamberlin was born in Butler county,
Ohio, May n, 1832, and is descended from one
of the old colonial families of New Jersey. His
paternal grandfather, Aaron Chamberlin, was one
of the heroes of the Revolutionary war and par-
ticipated in the battle of Monmouth. Following
the close of hostilities he owned a farm near that
battle-field, upon which he spent his remaining
days, reaching the very advanced age of ninety-
four years.

Aaron Chamberlin, Jr., father of our subject,
was born in Monmouth county, New Jersey, in
1/87, and in early manhood went to Ohio, locat-

ing at Darr township, Butler county. He was
married in Ohio to Miss Rachel Bryant, a native
of Butler county, where her father had located in
pioneer times. Mr. Chamberlin followed the
wagonmaker's trade in Darr township until 1835,
when he removed to Illinois accompanied by his
wife and five children, making the journey by
way of the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois rivers to
Phillip's ferry and thence to Derry township,
Pike county, Illinois. Upon a previous visit to
the county he had purchased a tract of land, of
which twelve or fifteen acres had been cleared,
while the remainder was wild prairie and timber.
The family took up their abode in the little log
cabin, which had already been erected, and Mr.
Chamberlin continued to engage in farming there
until his death in 1850. His wife long survived
him, passing away in 1888, at the age of eighty-
three years. In their family were four children :
Alfred and James W., both deceased ; John B.,
of this review ; and Lydia A., the wife of Hutson
Martin, a resident of -Rockport. By a former
marriage the father had one son, William Cham-
berlin.

John B. Chamberlin of this review has been a
resident of Pike county from the age of three
years. When a young lad he attended the daily
school in Derry township which was conducted
upon the subscription plan. Primitive conditions
existed on all sides and the most far-sighted could
scarcely have dreamed of the changes which were
to occur and bring about such a radical trans-
formation in the appearance of the county which
at that time contained many tracts of wild prairie
land and stretches of unbroken forest. Mr. Cham- (
berlin passed many a pleasant hour in hunting
and killed many deer and much lesser game in
this county. His youth was passed upon the old
homestead farm and he assisted in its care and
cultivation until 1848, when, thinking that he
would find other pursuits more congenial he se-
cured a clerkship in a general store in Rockport,
where he remained for three years. In 1850,
however, he went with his father upon a visit to
the latter's old home in New Jersey, the journey
to the east being made by way of the Illinois.
Mississippi and Ohio rivers to Cincinnati and
thence by rail to Sanduskv City, Ohio, where

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

34i

they arrived Saturday evening. They found they
could secure a boat that night but a friend, Mrs.
Bradley, who was traveling with them, was very
tired and desired to wait until Monday and then
take the regular packet. Mr. Chamberlin and his
father decided to wait with her and found that
they were very fortunate in doing so, for the
other boat on which they might have sailed was
lost with all on board. They proceeded by packet
to Buffalo and by rail to New York city and
thence on to their destination. On the return
trip they traveled by way of the lake from Buf-
falo to Detroit, by rail across the state of Michi-
gan and from New Buffalo across Lake Michi-
gan to Chicago, thence by canal to La Salle and
on down the Illinois river to their home. Such
was the slow and tedious method of travel in
those days before Illinois had become the great-
est railroad state in the L'nion.

After his return to Pike county Mr. Chamber-
lin engaged in clerking in a store at Winchester
for about six months and in 1851 came to Barry,
where he entered the employ of the firm of
Shields & Lillis. Many nights he slept upon the
counter in the store and he used every oppor-
tunity that would enable him to promote his
financial interests. He continued with the above
mentioned firm until they retired from business,
when he formed a partnership and became a
member of the firm of Hammond & Chamberlin.
After a year, however, Mr. Chamberlin sold his
interest to Dr. D. W. Greene. On the 8th of
April, 1858, Mr. Chamberlin purchased his first
bill of clothing and embarked in the line of
business in which he has since continued, occupy-
ing at first a rented building, in which he placed
his small stock of ready-made clothing. This
was the nucleus of his present large establish-
ment. In 1861 he purchased the building in
which he was conducting business and his fur-
ther success is indicated by the fact that in 1863
lie built a frame building thirty by sixty feet. His
trade continued to grow and in 1869 justified the
erection of a brick building on the corner — a
two story structure thirty by one hundred and
twenty feet. There he continued with growing
success until the big fire of 1894, when his store
with its contents was destroyed. However, it rose

phoenix-like from the ashes, for with an unfalter-
ing courage and determination he at once began
the erection of a second brick structure, two
stories in height with enlarged dimensions, it
being seventy-five by one hundred feet. He now
rents one store, while the remainder of the build-
ing is occupied with the clothing stock of the firm,
for since 1875 Mr. Chamberlin has been associ-
ated with his son, Albert J. Chamberlin, whom
he in that year admitted to a partnership. They
still continue in business having a large and fine
stock of goods and a very extensive patronage
which makes the volume of business transacted
over their counters each year of much importance.
Theirs has become one of the leading commercial
enterprises of the town.

On the 2ist of August, 1854, Mr. Chamber-
lin was united in marriage to Miss Martha E.
Rush, who was born in Pickaway county, Ohio,
April i, 1829, a daughter of Josiah and Mary
(Cook) Rush. Her father was born in Virginia
and her mother in Ohio. At an early day they
came to Pike county and continued residents of
Barry up to the time of their death. In their
family were four children: Caroline, Catherine,
Martha and Mary Ann. The last named was the
wife of William F. White and all are now de-
ceased. Mrs. Chamberlin died at her beautiful
home in Barry, March n, 1901. In her child-
hood she had come with her parents to this city,
where she continued to live until called to her
final rest. In early life she became a believer in
the Christian religion and her faith was always
exemplified in her daily conduct. Her nature was
refined and sensitive to an unusual degree and
she possessed the kindly spirit and tact which
placed at ease all who came within her presence.
In her family she was a most devoted and loving
wife and mother and her relations to those out-
side of her own home were always just, kind and
magnanimous. She seemed to live to make others
happy and her death came as a crushing blow
to her many friends and to the members of her
own household. Her memory is yet enshrined
in the hearts of all who knew her and her in-
fluence remains as a blessed benediction to those
with whom she came in contact. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Chamberlin were born three children :

342

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Eugenie R., who is living at home; Freddie, who
died at the age of five years ; Albert J., who mar-
ried Anna Scott and has one daughter, Zoe, the
wife of De M. Doran, by whom she has one
child. Mr. Chamberlin has a beautiful home,
where he now resides. It stands in the midst of
six acres of land and is surrounded by fine shade
trees. He also owns the old homestead property
adjoining his present residence and now he has
made many improvements. He likewise has very
valuable realty in Barry, having made judicious
investment of his capital. He has never cared for
public office but is a stanch republican, having
supported the party since casting his vote for
Abraham Lincoln. For almost a half century
he has been numbered among the merchants of
this town and he has made a reputation that any
man might be proud to possess. He has been
prompt in meeting obligations and in keeping en-
gagements and his name has become an honored
one on commercial paper. His career has ever
been such as to warrant the trust and confidence
of the business world, for he has ever conducted
all business transactions on the strictest principles
of honor and integrity. His devotion to the pub-
lic good is unquestioned and arises from a sincere
interest in his fellowmen.

MRS. SUSAN ROBERTS.

Mrs. Susan Roberts, living in Montezuma
township, was born December 15, 1840, in Mar-
tinsburg township. Her parents were Asa D. and
Eleanor (Goodin) Cooper, the former born in
Kentucky, February 27, 1811, and the latter in
Saline county, Missouri, October 10, 1818. The
paternal grandfather, George W. Cooper, was
born in Georgia, removing to Tennessee, after-
ward to Kentucky and subsequently to Morgan
county, Illinois, thence to southwest Missouri and
afterward resided in Pike county, Illinois, whence
he went to Macon county, this state, his death
there occurring. The maternal grandfather was
Robert Goodin, a native of Tennessee, who re-
moved to Missouri and subsequently became a res-
ident of Martinsburg township, Pike county, Il-

linois, making his home near Pittsfield, where his
death occurred, his remains being interred in
the Goodin graveyard.

Asa D. Cooper, father of Mrs. Roberts, re-
moved to Morgan county, Illinois, in the early
'305 and prior to his marriage came to Pike
county. He wedded Miss Eleanor Goodin
in Martinsburg township, in April, 1834,
and her death occurred in the same town-
ship, on March 20, 1854, her remains being
interred in the Goodin graveyard. Mr. Cooper
survived until December 29, 1858, and also passed
away on the old homestead, after which his re-
mains were interred near the burial place of his
wife. In their family were eight children, of
whom Mrs. Roberts was the third in order of
birth. The others were : John H., born October
10, 1836; Mary E., January n, 1838; Robert A.,
January 27, 1843; George W., in June, 1845;
Nancy J., January 6, 1847; James M., October
26, 1850; and Sarah A., born March 9, 1853.
Of these, three have now1 passed away : George,
who died October 10, 1853, and was buried in the
Goodin graveyard, four miles south of Pittsfield ;
Robert B, who died near Folsom, California, in
November, 1854; and Sarah, who died near Dal-
las, Texas.

Susan Cooper spent her girlhood days in her
parents' home upon the old farm in Martinsburg
township and was educated in the country schools,
while under her mother's instruction she was
trained to the duties of the household, so that she
was well qualified to take charge of a home of
her own at the time of her marriage. On the-
20th of March, 1862, she gave her hand in mar-
riage to David Roberts, a son of David and La-
vina (Pool) Roberts, who were natives of New
England, the former having been born in Ver-
mont in 1800, and the latter in New York in 1802.
The grandfather of David Roberts also bore the
name of David Roberts, and was a wheelwright
by trade and a soldier of the Revolutionary war.
In 1816 he became a pioneer settler of Ohio
and in 1839 took up his abode in Pike county. Il-
linois, where he died in 1847.

David Roberts, his grandson, was a man of
more than average ability intellectually and was
a very interesting and entertaining conversation-

DAVID ROBERTS

****

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

345

alist. His educational opportunities were very
meagre, for in school he never progressed beyond
the third reader but after putting aside his text-
books he read and studied extensively. He never
attended school after he was thirteen years of
age and up to that time had only such instruction
as was afforded in the old-time log schoolhouse.
He read extensively however, and was an ex-
cellent judge of people as well as of books. He
was also a logical reasoner and deep thinker and
was always regarded as an educated man by those
who conversed with him, for his language was
good, his words ever being well chosen. In 1850,
when sixteen years of age, he accompanied his
father to California, remaining on the Pacific
slope for eight years. He then returned home
in April, 1858, and engaged in farming at the
old homestead for three years. He then started
out upon an independent business career as a
farmer and from time to time added to his landed
possessions. In the spring of 1870 he purchased
a farm in Montezuma township, whereon he re-
sided for thirty years, or up to the time of his
death. He led an eventful and prosperous life
and became the owner of three hundred and
seventy-five acres of very valuable land, now held
by his heirs. The home farm was not improved
in the least when it came into his possession and
the only building upon it was a log cabin, but he
soon wrought a transformation in the appearance
of the place and was a successful agriculturist
who added various improvements to the farm in
the way of buildings and machinery, while the
soil produced bountifully, good crops being annu-
ally harvested. The little log cabin was replaced
by a more modern, commodious and substantial
residence, the fields were fenced, barns were built
and the work of progress and improvement was
carried steadily forward.

By the marriage of David Roberts and Susan
Cooper there were born five children, two daugh-
ters and three sons. Lavina E.,born December 26,
1862, is a graduate of the Illinois State Normal.
at Normal, Illinois. She discontinued teaching
on account of ill health and later made
a canvass for the office of school superin-
tendent of Pike county, 1890. being en-
dorsed by the republican and union labor par-
ties, but the county is overwhelmingly democratic

and she failed of election. She then took up the
cause of the Farmers' Alliance and discussed the
platform throughout the county. Later when the
Farmers' Alliance was merged into the people's
party she espoused that cause and delivered many
addresses in support of its platform throughout
Illinois and Missouri. In 1894 she took charge
of the populist newspaper published in Pittsfield
and was at its head for nearly two years. In the
summer of 1894 she was nominated by the popu-
lists of Illinois for the position of state superin-
tendent of public instruction. While engaged in
newspaper work she was ably assisted by her
brother, John I. Roberts, who was a brilliant
writer. Lizzie Roberts^ born September 10, 1864,
died August 6r 1884, -when about twenty years of
age and was burie'd m.tjie Green Pond cemetery.
John I, born December "18*, .'1866, passed away
July 23, 1896. David, who was of the fifth gener-
ation of that name, was born August 15, 1869,
and died July 15, 1894. George Roberts, born
April 8, 1871, is now superintending the old
home farm in a successful manner. The family
are members of the Church of Christ. The hus-
band and father, after a useful, active and honor-
able career departed this life May 8, 1900, and his
death was the occasion of deep and wide-spread
regret among his many friends. He had resided
upon the home farm for thirty years and during a
long residence in the county had become very
widely and favorably known, his good qualities
endearing him to all with whom he was associ-
ated. Mrs. Roberts lives at the old homestead
in Montezuma township and her entire life has
been passed in this county, so that she is largely
familiar with its history and has been a witness of
much of its growth and change.

FRANKLIN M. FENTON.

The farming and stock-raising interests of Pike
county have a worthy representative in Franklin
M. Fenton, who is living on section 21, Newburg
township. He is operating the old Fenton home-
stead of two hundred and forty acres, which is a
neat and well improved property. It was upon

346

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

this farm that he first opened his eyes to the light
of day on the I2th of March, 1877, his parents
being John M. and Sarah M. (Biggs) Fenton.
His father was born April 22, 1825, in Butler
county, Ohio, and was a son of the Rev. Samuel
and Mary (Degroff) Fenton. The ancestral his-
tory can be traced back to a still more remote pe-
riod, the founders of the family in America hav-
ing come from Scotland. The great-grandfather
of John M. Fenton was George Fenton, who was
was born December 24, 1748, while his wife,
Elizabeth, was born August 18, 1749. He served
as a soldier of the Revolutionary war. John M.
Fenton's grandfather, John Fenton, who was born
August 18, 1779, and married Elizabeth Marsh,
who was born June 8, 1786. John M. Fenton's
father, Rev. Samuel Fenton, was a native of
Hamilton county, Ohio, born May 4, 1800, and
was a minister of the Christian church, devoting
his life to that holy calling He was also a shoe-
maker by trade. He died in Butler county, Ohio,
in 1839, and his wife, who was a native of Brook-
lyn, New York, survived him for a number of
years, and spent her last days in the home of her
son, J. M. Fenton, in Pike county. She was born
in 1803, and died in 1895, at the good old age
of ninety-two years.

John M. Fenton was reared to mature years in
Ohio, and had but limited educational privileges,
so that he is largely a self-educated man, having
greatly broadened his knowledge after attaining
to years of maturity. He is a man of superior
business ability, widely and favorably known in
Illinois. Coming to this state in 1856, he settled
in Pike county, purchasing land in Newburg
township, owning here some five hundred acres
of land, comprised in several well improved and
valuable farms. He devoted his attention to agri-
cultural pursuits and to the raising and feeding
of stock, and was regarded as one of the success-
ful farmers and stockmen of the county. He
has been married twice. In Butler county, Ohio,
in 1844, he wedded Miss Sarah Biggs, who died
at their home in Newburg township. There
are two living sons of this marriage : Samuel A.,
a resident farmer of Beeville, Texas; and Albert
M., who is a substantial agriculturist of Ne\v-
burg township. In 1876 Mr. Fenton was mar-

ried in Griggsville township to Mrs. Sarah M.
-Davis, nee Biggs, the widow of F. M. Davis.
By this marriage three children were born, in-
cluding Franklin M. Fenton of this review. In
recent years the father has lived a retired life,
and for some time has spent the winter months
in California and Texas, having a residence in
Los Angeles. In the summer seasons he returns
to Illinois and visits with his children. His life
has been active and enterprising and his labors
have been crowned with a gratifying measure of
prosperity. There are two daughters of the sec
ond marriage : Rosa, now the wife of Charles
Bradburn, a farmer of Newburg township; and
Anna, the wife of Otto Offenbecker, now of
Lawrence, Indiana.

Franklin M. Fenton was reared upon his fa-
ther's farm and acquired his preliminary educa-
tion in the district schools, while later he at-
tended the Pittsfield high school. He remained
with his father, and upon attaining his majority
took charge of the home farm, since which time
he has given undivided attention to agricultural
pursuits and raising and feeding stock.

On the nth of September, 1901, in Jackson-
ville, Illinois, Mr. Fenton was united in marriage
to Miss Flora 'Kelley, a native of Newburg town-
ship, and a daughter of William W. Kelley. a
prosperous farmer of this county. Mr. and Mrs.
Fenton began their domestic life upon the old
homestead farm, where they now reside, and their
union has been blessed with three children : Char-
lotte May, born August 3, 1902; Geneva Lillian,
born November 25, 1903 ; and Margery Mildred,
born December 16, 1905. Mr. Fenton gives his
undivided attention to general agricultural pur-
suits and stock-raising and feeding, making a
specialty of feeding hogs, raising one hundred or
more head per year. He also, raises good horses
and cattle, however, and has made a start in the
sheep industry, and raises all kinds of grain
adapted to his locality. In his work he is prac-
tical and energetic, and his labors have been at-
tended with a gratifying degree of prosperity.
Politically he is a democrat, but prefers to vote
for men rather than party, and to give his at-
tention to his business affairs rather than to seek-
ing office. His farm is well improved with

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

347

modern equipments, and everything about his
place is kept up in accordance with the modern
ideas of fanning, according to the best of his
ability.

H. CLAUDE FORTUNE, M. D.

Dr. H. Claude Fortune is numbered among the
younger representatives of the medical fraternity
in Pike county, but his years seem no bar to his
progress nor success. He is associated in practice
with his father at Pleasant Hill, and his excellent
qualifications for his profession and his conform-
ity to a high standard of professional ethics have
gained him favorable regard throughout the com-
munity. He was born in Prairieville, Pike county,
Missouri, on the 5th of October, 1872, and when
about two years of age was brought to Pike
county, Illinois, by his father, Dr. H. D. Fortune.
His preliminary education was acquired in the
public schools of Pleasant Hill, and he entered
upon the preparation for his chosen profession
under the direction of his father. When Presi-
dent McKinley called for volunteers for the Span-
ish-American war he was one of the first to en-
list from Pike county. He comes of a fighting
ancestry, his great-grandfather having been a
soldier of the Revolution, while his father was an
officer in the Confederate service in the Civil
war. Dr. Fortune of this review went with his
company to Manila, and entered the hospital serv-
ice there, being connected with the United States
army for more than three years. Following his
discharge he returned home and spent four and
a half years as a student in the medical depart-
ment of the St. Louis University, being gradu-
ated with the class of 1905. He then joined his
father in practice in Pleasant Hill, and is now one
of the successful physicians of the county, being
in every way qualified for his chosen life work,
in which he is now meeting with gratifying suc-
cess. He has had extensive experience for so
young a man, especially in the line of surgery,
and has done excellent work in that department
of practice.

Dr. Fortune was married in Vandalia, Mis-
souri, September 26, 1904, to Miss Fannie But-

ler, a native of that state, and a daughter of
Judge W. A. Butler, who occupied the bench of
the county court of Rails county. Dr. Fortune
votes with the democracy, where national issues
are involved, but at local elections casts an inde-
pendent ballot. He is a Master Mason of Pleas-
ant Hill lodge, and is now serving as junior
warden. Having spent his entire life in this vil-
lage, he has a wide acquaintance; and the fact
that many of his stanchest friends are numbered
among these who have known him from his boy-
hood to the present is an indication that he is well
worthy of the regard that is unifoimly given him.

W. B. POWELL.

The development and progress of every com-
munity depends upon its business interests and
the class of men who are in control of its indus-
trial and commercial affairs. In this connection
Mr. Powell may well be termed one of the promi-
nent and leading citizens of Barry, where he is ex-
tensively and successfully engaged in the manufac-
ture of cigars, which he sells to wholesale trade.
He has conducted thebusiness for twenty-five years
with gratifying prosperity and, moreover, he is
a stockholder and also one of the directors of the
First National Bank of the town. His keen busi-
ness discernment and unfaltering energy consti-
tute the basis of success, which is as commendable
as it is desirable.

Mr. Powell is a native of Missouri, his birth
having occurred in Hannibal on the I2th of Au-
gust, 1861. His parents, John E. and Eliza
(Truitt) Powell, were both natives of Maryland,
and in their childhood days accompanied their
respective parents on the removal of the families
to Missouri. John E. Powell became a tobacco
worker, carrying on that business for some time.
He passed away on the i8th of April, 1905, and
his widow still survives and yet makes her home
in Hannibal, Missouri. In their family were
seven children, five of whom are yet living.

W. P.. Powell, reared under the parental roof,
pursued his education in the public schools of
Hannibal and in early life learned the trade of

348

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

manufacturing cigars. For twenty-five years he
has been engaged in business in Barry, establish-
ing his manufactory here on the i8th of April,
1881. He manufactures high grade cigars of
the best quality and has gained a splendid repu-
tation for the desirability of his output. He finds
a ready sale for his product in Missouri, Illi-
nois, Iowa, Nebraska and other states. He began
business on a small scale, but his trade gradually
increased in extent and importance until he is now
in control of the largest cigar manufactory in
the county. He follows the most modern pro-
cesses in the work of manufacturing, and his very
liberal patronage is indicative of the favor which
his product finds with the trade.

On the 22d of December, 1886, Mr. Powell
was united in marriage to Miss Carrie E. Wagy,
of Plainville, Illinois, who was born on the loth
of December, 1863, and is a daughter of Oscar
and Rebecca (Decker) Wagy. Mrs. Powell is a
native of Adams county, Illinois, where her par-
ents located at an early day. Her parental grand-
parents were Henry and Eleanor (Stone) Wagy.
The grandfather was of German lineage, and was
the second man to settle in the city of Quincy,
removing to Adams county from Licking county,
Ohio. He was accompanied by his family and
took up his abode on the present site of Quincy,
where he lived for a brief period, after which
he purchased the "smoking Dutchman's" place
in Melrose township, Adams county. When he
disposed of that property he removed to Mc-
Craney creek, where he lived for a few years,
and then established his home near Plainville,
where he purchased a farm residing thereon until
his death. He was closely associated with the
early agricultural development of Adams county
and reclamation of this wild land for the uses of
the white race. He lived there when almost the
entire district was in its primitive condition,
when wild game of all kinds was plentiful, and he
became one of the noted deer hunters of his day.
Oscar Wagy, father of Mrs. Powell, was reared
in Adams county amid the scenes of pioneer life
and was married there to Miss Rebecca Jane
Decker. The Deckers were of Irish lineage, and
became early settlers of Richfield township,
Adams county. Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Wagy be-

gan their domestic life upon a farm and became
prosperous agriculturists of the community in
which they resided, eventually owning seven hun-
dred and forty-five acres of valuable and pro-
ductive land there. In their family were ten chil-
dren. Both Mr. and Mrs. Wagy have now de-
parted this life.

Mr. and Mrs. Powell have a beautiful home in
Barry, where they reside. Their residence is
finished in hardwood throughout, and is built in
modern style of architecture. It stands in the
midst of beautiful and well kept grounds, and
indeed is one of the most pleasant residences
of the town. Its hospitality, too, adds to its
charm, and the various social functions there held
are greatly enjoyed by their many friends. Mr.
Powell is an honored member of Barry lodge,
No. 34, A. F. & A. M., the Royal Arch chapter,
No. 88, and is also a member of the Eastern Star.
He likewise belongs to the Court of Honor, the
Knights of Pythias fraternity and Pike County
Mutual Association, while his wife is an earnest
member and active worker in the Methodist Epis-
copal church. Both are highly esteemed for their
genuine worth ; and Mr. Powell has made a most
creditable business record, his keen insight into
business situations, his ready mastery of intricate
problems and his unfaltering diligence proving
a safe and sure foundation upon which to rear
the superstructure of his present prosperity.

T. W. SHASTID, M. D.

D/. T. W. Shastid, who since 1856 has been
engaged in the practice of medicine and is one
of the venerable and honored members of the
medical fraternity in Pittsfield, was born near
Petersburg, Menard county, Illinois, on the 26th
of August, 1831, a son of John G. and Elizabeth
B. (Edwards) Shastid. The father was born
at Green River, Kentucky, in 1798, and was of
French lineage, his grandfather being a French
Huguenot, who was born in the northern part of
France. John G. Shastid was only eight years
of age when he accompanied his parents on their
removal to Tennessee, where he remained until

DR T. \V. SHASTID

^

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

351

1818, when he married Miss Elizabeth B.Edwards,
who was born in Rutherford county, North Caro-
lina, in 1794, and went with her parents at an
early age to Tennessee. Following their mar-
riage Mr. and Mrs. Shastid resided in that state
until 1828, when they came to Illinois, settling
in Sangamon county, where Mr. Shastid entered
land and engaged in farming and stock-raising
until the year 1835. Becoming dissatisfied with
that locality, he made arrangements to remove
to Pike county, settling in Pittsfield on the 2Oth
of January, 1836. He took up his abode in the
town in order to educate his children and in this
county he was engaged in farming, teaming and
other pursuits for about seven years, when he
was elected constable. In the meantime he was
appointed deputy sheriff of Pike county, in which
capacity he served for about eight years. He
likewise acted as mail carrier and in the discharge
of his various public duties displayed marked
capability and fidelity. His death occurred on
the 5th of February, 1874, while his wife passed
away on the 8th of December, 1863. She was
a devoted wife and mother and an earnest Christ-
ian woman. Mr. Shastid was also a member of
the church and commanded the respect and con-
fidence of all who knew him. He spent his last
days in the home of his son, Dr. Shastid, of this
review. In their family were nine children.

Dr. T. W. Shastid pursued his early education
in Pittsfield and prepared for his chosen profes-
sion in the medical department of the University
of Missouri, at St. Louis, from which he was
graduated in March, 1856. Before taking up the
study of medicine, however, he taught for two
terms and had pursued his preliminary reading
under the direction of Dr. O. S. Campbell and
Professor John T. Hodges, and also at Cincinnati
under Dr. N. J. Elsenheimer, A. J. Ganvoort.
Richard Schliewer and Frank Van der Stucker.
Following his graduation he came to Pittsfield,
where he practiced for a year and then went to
Pleasant Hill, where he remained for five and
a half years, after which he returned to Pitts-
field, where he has since been in active practice.
He has been a frequent contributor to medical
journals on his original investigation, resulting
in gleaning many valuable truths that caused his

writings to be a helpful addition to medical lit-
erature. He is a member of the County, State
and American Medical Associations and is now
president of the Medical Society of Pittsfield.
Everything that tends to bring to man the key
to the complex mystery which we call life is of
interest to him and in his practice he has con-
tinually sought out new methods for the further
alleviation of suffering and the restoration of
health and has found in the faithful performance
of each day's duty courage and strength for the
labors of the succeeding day.

On the 2d of August, 1860, Dr. Snastid was
married to Miss Mary F. Edwards, of Columbus,
Ohio, and they had one child, William E., who is
now a practicing physician of Pittsfield. Mrs.
Shastid died o'n..the I'dth of April, 1864, and on
the ist of October-, 1865, the Doctor was again
married, his second union being with Louise M.
Hall, of Pittsfield, a daughter of Thomas Hall,
Sr., and a sister of Thomas Hall, Jr., of this city.
There have been three children by this marrige.
Thomas Hall Shastid, born July 19, 1866, was
educated in Pittsfield, at the Eureka College, at
Eureka, Illinois, and Harvard University, from
which classic institution he was graduated. He
studied medicine at the College of Physicians and
Surgeons at New York for two years, was grad-
uated at the University of Vermont and is now
practicing medicine in Harrisburg, Illinois. He
was married May 16, 1887, to Miss Fannie Cor-
delia English, a sister of Harry English, a mer-
chant of Pittsfield. Following his graduation
Thomas Hall Shastid went to Europe, spent some
time in study in Vienna, Austria, and also took
post-graduate courses in Germany. He was grad-
uated from the University of Michigan, receiving
the degrees of A. M. and LL. B. He practiced
in Pittsfield for two years before his removal
to his present home. He has not only attained
prominence in the medical profession but has
also gained more than local note as a writer of
prose and poetry. One of his volumes, entitled
"A Country Doctor," has his father as its main
character. Jon Sheperd, born January 20, 1870,
was educated in Pittsfield. began the study of
music under his mother's direction, afterward
studied under Professor George Crawford, of

352

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Pittsfield, and later went to Chicago, where he
was a student under Professor Liebling for a
year. He then went to Wichita, Kansas, where
he studied under Professor Metcalf, and during
the succeeding two years was a pupil of Profes-
sor E. M. Bowman in New York. He next es-
tablished a conservatory of music in Pittsfield,
which he conducted for six years, doing a fine
business, and on the expiration of that period
he went to New York, where he is now preparing
for special work. He possesses superior talent
that has already gained wide recognition, and he
is making constant progress in his art. He mar-
ried Miss Anna Barton, a daughter of Isaac Bar-
ton, on the 6th of September, 1892, and on the
27th of February, 1895, she departed this life.
Professor Shastid was again married November
3, 1897, to Miss Mary Barton, a daughter of John
Barton and a native of this county. Joseph Cal-
vin Shastid, born April 13, 1877, was educated
in the Pittsfield schools, studied the foreign lan-
guages under private teachers and took up the
study of music under his brother Jon at the Con-
servatory of Music in Pittsfield, where he was
graduated on the 3ist of November, 1895. He
afterward became a student in the College of
Music in Cincinnati, Ohio, and was under the
private instruction of Albino Gorno and John
Brockhoeven, studying the violin. He spent three
years in that city, after which he went to St.
Louis, where he studied under Professor Kroe-
ger, director of music at the Louisiana Purchase
Exposition, remaining in that city for one year.
He then returned home and established the Pitts-
field Piano School, which he has since conducted.
He has classes in both piano and harmony. In
the spring of 1905 he returned to Cincinnati and
was married to Miss Mabel Bradley, a daughter
of H. C. Bradley, a large manufacturer of that
city.

Dr. Shastid is a republican and a member of
the Masonic fraternity, while he and his family
are all members of the Christian church. He has
been medical examiner for several societies, and
since the early days of his residence in Pittsfield
lias maintained a prominent position as a fore-
most representative of the medical fraternity of
Pike countv. Moreover, he is honored for his

genuine personal worth and his prominence is
none the less the result of professional skill than
an irreproachable private life. He takes special
delight in the study of philology, music, sculpture
and painting.

ROBERT E. CUNNINGHAM.

Robert E. Cunningham, living on section 25,
Harclin township, is one of the active and thrifty
farmers and stock-raisers of the community, in
which he has long made his home, and . in the
control of his farm of two hundred acres he
shows thorough familiarity with modern methods
and their practical utilization in the every-day af-
fairs of business life. His birth occurred in Pike
county, June 17, 1865. His father, Thomas Cun-
ningham, was one of the early settlers of the
count)" and assisted in the material development
of this section of the state at a time when prog-
ress and improvement had scarcely been begun.
He married Miss Sarah Edmondson, a native of
Ireland. He owned and operated land near
Griggsville for several years and after selling that
property, bought two hundred and eighty acres
where he now resides, continuing to devote his
entire life to agricultural pursuits. He passed
away upon this farm in February, 1902. His
wife survives him, and now resides in Baylis.

Robert E. Cunningham is the third in order of
birth in a family of eight children, four sons and
four daughters, and with the exception of one
of the daughters all are yet living. He spent his
youth in the usual manner of farmer lads, attend-
ing the common schools and working in the fields
through the summer months. His father was
given the benefit of his services until he attained
his majority when he started out in life on his
own account, and made arrangements for having
a home of his own by his marriage to Miss Mar-
garet Hunter, whom he wedded in Pittsfield on
the loth of February, 1904. She was born and
reared in Newburg township near Pittsfield and
was a daughter of Robert Hunter, one of the early
settlers and substantial farmers of the county,
who came from Ireland to the new world when
a lad of nine years. Prior to his marriage Mr.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

353

Cunningham had purchased the place upon which
he now resides and had made some improvements
there. He has built a good barn, also erected
a substantial residence, and by well kept fences
has divided the place into fields of convenient
size. Through the careful rotation of crops, the
use of good seeds and the proper cultivation of
the soil he is enabled to gather annually good
harvests; and in connection with his farming he
raises good grades of stock, feeding and fatten-
ing each year a large number of swine for the
market. Mr. Cunningham commenced life emp-
ty-handed, and has accumulated what he pos-
sesses through his own efforts, becoming a sub-
stantial resident of the community.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham have been
born two daughters, Helen Edith and Sadie J.
Politically he was a democrat where national is-
sues were involved, but he is now independent
in politics, having supported Theodore Roosevelt
at the last election. Locally he votes for the
men best qualified for office without regard to
party affiliation. He belongs to the Odd Fellows
lodge at Milton, and the Mutual Protective
League. As the years have passed by his circle
of acquaintances has been extended and the circle
of his friends has grown proportionately. He
possesses good traits of character which insure
kindly regard ; and his genial nature has won for
him the friendship of many with whom he has
come in contact.

WARREN S. SPENCER.

Warren S. Spencer, interested in general farm-
ing on section n, Pleasant Vale township, is a
native of Derry township, Pike county, born on
the 22d of January, 1856, his parents being
Franklin and Ltiretta (Pursley) Spencer. The
father, a native of Kentucky, removed from that
state to Missouri and subsequently came to Pike
county, where he died July 25, 1856, when his
son Warren was but five months old. He had
followed farming in Derry township, having set-
tled on three hundred and twenty acres of land
wJien it was a wild timbered region. He had just

began clearing his land when his life's labors
were ended in death. Wild animals were very
numerous in this part of the county at that time,
and many hardships and trials incident to pioneer
life were to be endured. Two sons survived the
father's death: Thomas J., who was born in
1847, ar)d is now living on the old homestead in
Derry township ; and Warren S., of this review.
After losing her first husband Mrs. Spencer be-
came the wife of Joseph Turnbaugh, of Martins-
burg township, where he died in November, 1886.
Mrs. Turnbaugh is now living in Pittsfield in the
enjoyment of a hale and hearty old age, having
attained her eighty-first year on the 3ist of July,
1905. There was one son of her second marriage,
William B. Turnbaugh, of St. Louis.

Warren S. Spencer was reared in Derry and
Martinsburg townships, acquiring his education
in the public schools of the latter. He started out
in life on his own account at the age of seventeen
years and worked as a farm hand until he had at-
tained his majority, after which he gave his atten-
tion to the cultivation and improvement of the old
homestead, which he inherited. He lived upon
that place until the spring of 1883, when he sold
his property in Derry township, and bought one
hundred and fifty acres of land, where he now re-
sides, having made his home thereon continuously
since. In addition to tilling the soil he raises
and feeds considerable stock, making a specialty
of feeding hogs for the market. He also raises
shorthorn cattle ; and both branches of his business
are proving profitable. His farm is a fine prop-
erty, located on the bluffs and on the river bot-
toms, and he has erected here an attractive coun-
try residence and substantial barn. None of the
improvements of a model farm are lacking and
all the evidences of careful supervision and prac-
tical management are here seen.

On the 2ist of November, 1878, Mr. Spencer
was united in marriage to Miss Belle Wheelan,
who was born in Pleasant Vale township, Janu-
ary 25, 1860. She is a daughter of James and
Isabelle (Brown) Wheelan. Her father was
born in Ireland in 1837 and came to St. Louis,
Missouri, with his mother in 1848. He was a
son of Richard and Mary (Scully) Wheelan; and
the former died in 1846, after which the mother

354

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

crossed the Atlantic with her son, making the
voyage in a sailing vessel, which was six weeks
and four clays upon the bosom of the Atlantic
before dropping anchor in the harbor of New
Orleans. They remained in St. Louis until 1855,
when Mr. Wheelan came to Pike county, and en-
tered the employ of Horace Palmer, a blacksmith.
Later he followed the same pursuit on his own
account in New Canton until 1873, when he
turned his attention to farming, and in 1877 he
took up his abode upon a farm, which he had
purchased in 1870, and on which he has resided
continuously since. He has here two hundred and
forty acres of fine land on section i, Pleasant
Vale township, improved with a beautiful home
and substantial buildings for the shelter of grain
and stock. He was married in 1857 to Miss Isa-
belle Brown, a native of Ireland, and of their
seven children, four are yet living, namely :
Mary, the wife of John Kendrick, of Pleasant
Vale township ; Mrs. Spencer ; William, who re-
sides with his father, having lost his wife, who
bore the maiden name of Anna Brammel, and
who at her death left three children: John B.,
James S. and George S. ; James G., who also lives
with his father. He married Anna Hoverland,
who has departed this life. One daughter, Ella,
became the wife of John Lax, and at her death
left a son, Alexander H. Rebecca married Ed.
Fesler, and both are now deceased. They left
two children, James W. and Ella W. Richard
was the other member of the Wheelan family.
• The mother died in 1873 and in 1877 Mr. Whee-
lan married Eliza Brown. He is a democrat and
a Royal Arch Mason.

Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have no children of their
own, but have reared two of Mrs. Spencer's neph-
ews, John B. and George S. Wheelan. In political
views, he is a stalwart democrat, but without as-
piration ,for office. Fraternally he belongs to
Barry lodge, No. 336, I. O. O. F., of which he is
a past noble grand ; and he is likewise affiliated
with the encampment. His membership relations
also extend to the Knights of Pythias lodge at
New Canton ; and his wife is a member of the
Methodist church. In 1886 they went to Cali-
fornia, spending the year in that sunny clime for
the benefit of Mr. Spencer's health. He has been

quite successful in his business operations; and
his farm is well located, while the cultivation and
improvement he has bestowed upon it have made
it a valuable property

ROBERT J. McCONNELL, M. D.

Dr. Robert J. McConnell, engaged in the prac-
tice of medicine in Baylis, is a native of Gilmer
township, Adams county, born September 23,
1862, and is a son of Robert and Arma M. (Jack-
son) McConnell, both of whom were natives of
County Monaghan, Ireland. The father was born
December 18, 1804, and on the 7th of February,
1840, he wedded Anna Matilda Jackson, the mar-
riage ceremony being performed by the Rev.
John Blakely, pastor of the Presbyterian church
at Monaghan, Ireland. Mrs. McConnell was
born on the 2Oth of May, 1818, and following
their marriage they remained residents of the
Emerald Isle until the fall of 1857, when they
started for America, landing at New Orleans on
the 1st of January, 1858, remaining in the Cres-
cent city until May of that year. Robert McCon-
nell then made his way to Gilmer township,
Adams county, and in the spring of 1873 removed
to McKee township, of the same county. At the
time of his death a local paper said : "He lived
a sober and exemplary life, was a loving husband
and the best of fathers, and was highly esteemed
by his neighbors and all who knew him. He
united with the Presbyterian church at an early
age, and lived a consistent Christian life." His
demise occurred September 4, 1892, and his
widow survived until March 29, 1899, when she
too, was called to her final rest. After the eight
weeks' voyage to America, during which they
encountered some severe weather and sailed out
of their course, and following their residence of
several months in New Orleans, they became
identified with farming interests in Gilmer town-
ship, Adams county, and later purchased a farm
in McKee township, which Mr. McConnell con-
tinued to improve up to the time of his death. He
built a new house there and in his later years en-
joyed many of the comforts of life. In early

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

355

days his market was at Quincy, and he had to pay
as high as three dollars and a half per bushel
for seed wheat. This was in 1867, soon after
the close of the Civil war. when prices were
greatly inflated. In 1873 he drove his hogs to
market at Mount Sterling, where he sold them at
two dollars and a quarter per hundred pounds.
He never cared for public office, but was a firm
believer in republican principles and gave earnest
support to the party. His widow survived him
for several years and, like her husband, was a
devoted member of the Presbyterian church. Her
life was given to the welfare of her husband and
children, and she counted no personal sacrifice too
great if it would enhance the happiness of her
loved ones. Her memory is deeply cherished by
all who knew her; and when she was called to
her final rest her remains were interred by the
side of her husband in the Dunkard churchyard.
In the family of this worthy couple were seven
children, four of whom are now living, and with
the exception of our subject all were born in Ire-
land. Those who still survive are : William H.,
a resident of Kellerville, Illinois, who married
Miss Martha Reid and has two sons and two
daughters: Mary, who is the widow of John S.
Doole and resides in Kellervrlle with her three
sons; John C., also living in Kellerville, and who
married Belle Jones, by whom he has two chil-
dren ; and Robert J., of this review.

Upon the old homestead farm in Adams county
Dr. McConnell spent, the days of his boyhood and
early youth and acquired his preliminary
education in the district schools. He afterward
attended the Gem City Business College in
Quincy, Illinois, and the Western Normal School
at Bushnell, Illinois. Having gained a good lit-
rrary knowledge to serve as the foundation for
professional learning, he began preparation for
the practice of medicine as a student in Keokuk
Medical College of Keokuk. Iowa, from which
he was graduated in the class of 1891. In the
meantime, however, he had followed other busi-
ness pursuits in order to acquire the funds nec-
essary to enable his to pursue his collegiate
course. He erected a building in which he con-
ducted the first restaurant at Siloam Springs, in
Brown county, Illinois. This was in 1885. He

taught school in the winters of 1886, 1887, 1888
and 1889, and the money which he was enabled
to save from his earnings provided for his col-
legiate education. He also taught writing school
at night, acted as pension agent, and in fact,
worked hard and persistently for the money to
pay for his medical education. He first began
reading under the direction of Dr. George W.
Cox, of Clayton, Illinois, and he spent the sum-
mers of 1889 and, 1890 as a student in the office
of Dr. John G. McKinney, of Barry, Pike county,
assisting him in his sanitarium. Following his
graduation he opened an office in Fishhook, Illi-
nois, in May, 1891, and there remained for seven
months, after which he came to Baylis, where he
has since been located in the enjoyment of a large
and growing practice.

On the nth of November, 1894, Dr. McCon-
nell was married to Miss Emma M. McCleery,
who was born April n, 1873, and is a daughter
of John and Hannah E. (Farmer) McCleery.
Her father was born in Pennsylvania, May 8,
1831, and came to Illinois with his parents when
but six years of age. His father was a farmer
and John McCleery followed the same pursuit
throughout his entire life. For many years he
served as supervisor of Hadley township. Pros-
pering in his business undertakings, he was at
one time owner of three hundred and eighty acres
of rich and valuable land, and his attention was
devoted to general agricultural pursuits and to
stock-raising. In community affairs he was also
actively and helpfully interested, and served as
justice of the peace for many years and for a long
period was school director. His political alle-
giance was given to the republican party and he
was a prominent and active member of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church. When about twenty-two
years of age he was married to Miss Hannah El-
len Farmer, who was born in Tennessee, No-
vember 3, 1833, and who now makes her home
with Dr. and Mrs. McConnell. The death of Mr.
McCleery occurred July 22, 1890, and was the
occasion of deep regret in the community where
he lived, for many friends esteemed him for his
genuine worth. In their family were eight chil-
dren, of whom six are now living: William H.,
residing in Salem, Dent county, Missouri, mar-

356

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ried Julia Ann Hill, and has eight children.
James A., a resident of Oklahoma, married Miss
Alnora Atwood and has five children. Thomas
A., of Hadley township, wedded Susanna Tolson
and has six children. Martha E. is the wife of
Jacob S. Stauffer, a banker of Baylis, by whom
she has four children. Lucy E., is the wife of
Jacob L. Tolson, of Barry, and has two children.
Mrs. McConnell completes the family. She was
married at her mother's home November n,
1894, and in Baylis both the Doctor and his wife
have gained many warm friends who esteem them
highly for their genuine worth and many good
qualities. In his political views the Doctor is a
stalwart republican but does not seek nor desire
the honors nor emoluments of public office. The
cause of education, however, finds in him a warm
friend ; and he has been school director for nine
years and school trustee for three years. Fra-
ternally he is connected with Summit lodge, No.
384, I. O. O. F., and both he and his wife are
members of the Rebekah lodge, and is a member
of the Modern Woodmen camp, and of the Grand
Orient. She is a member of the Royal Neigh-
bors. In the line of his profession Dr. McConnell
is connected with the Pike County Medical So-
ciety and the American Medical Association. He
has made admirable progress in his profession
since leaving school, for by broad reading and re-
search he has continually added to his knowledge
and promoted his efficiency. He has also done
post-graduate work in Chicago, and has attended
clinics in that city and in St. Louis. For the past
ten years he has been surgeon for the Wabash
Railroad Company in addition to the duties of a
large private practice, and the community reposes
much confidence in his professional ability while
entertaining for him warm personal regard.

FRANCIS AUBREY LONGNECKER.

Francis Aubrey Longnecker, station agent for
the Wabash Railroad at Kinderhook, was born
August 6, 1861, and is a son of A. B. and Nancy
H. (Hull) I^ongnecker, the latter a. daughter of
Thomas Hull, who came here in 1831 and was

one of the early settlers of Kinderhook township,
where he engaged in preaching the gospel as a
minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs.
Longnecker was born in Randolph county, Illi-
nois,- April 8, 1829. A. B. Longnecker was born
October 24, 1824, in Preble county, Ohio, and
when a young man he was a gatekeeper at Alton
penitentiary. Later he turned his attention to
merchandising in Kinderhook following that pur-
suit the greater part of his life. He died May 4,
1873, while his wife passed away near Griggs-
ville, January 7, 1894. They were the parents of
three children : Francis Aubrey, William A.,
a member of the Iowa Conference of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church, and Mis. Thomas Simp-
kin, Jr., of Griggsville, Illinois. The father was
a republican in -his political views; and he be-
longed to the Masonic fraternity, holding a mem-
bership in the Kinderhook lodge and also in the
chapter at Clayton, Illinois.

Francis A. Longnecker was educated in the
public schools of Kinderhook and Griggsville and
learned telegraphy in the Kinderhook office. He
was afterward operator at Valley City for six
months and subsequently at Barry for two years,
and has been agent at Kinderhook since the I4th
of April, 1887, covering a period of nineteen
consecutive years. His entire life has been de-
voted to this business, and he is a popular and
efficient employe of the railroad, his unfailing
courtesy and obliging manner winning for him
the friendly regard of the patrons of the Kinder-
hook office. In connection with his other duties,
Mr. Longnecker has for ten years had charge of
the sand and gravel pit east of Kinderhook, where
he does a good business. He shipped out three
hundred and fifty carloads of sand and gravel in
the year 1905, shipping mostly to Springfield and
Jacksonville, where the product is used for side-
walks and in concrete work. He is also interested
in two telephone systems, having eight lines cen-
tering in Kinderhook and connecting with va-
rious farms in this part of the county and with
adjacent towns.

On November 19, 1889, Mr. Longnecker was
married to Miss Lottie Colvin, a daughter of J.
C. Colvin, a merchant of Kinderhook. Her
mother bore the maiden name of Ann Andrews;

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

357

and the parents came from Hartford, Connecti-
cut, to Illinois, where the father engaged in the
milling business and also carried on general mer-
chandising at Kinderhook. He was a good busi-
ness man, and at his death left a valuable farm of
two hundred and forty acres of rich land. His
political allegiance was given to the democracy,
he served as township school trustee for fifteen
years and was also collector for several years.
He belonged to the Masonic lodge and was a man
whom to know was to respect and honor. He
died March 23,1.900, and his wife is still living,
making her home with her daughter, Mrs. Long-
necker.

Mr. Longnecker is a member of the Modern
Woodmen camp at Kinderhook, and has acted
as clerk of the lodge since its organization sev-
enteen years ago. He is also a member of Kin-
derhook lodge, No. 353, A. F. & A. M., of Barry
chapter, No. 88, R. A. M., and of the former has
been secretary for three years. His wife is a
member of the Baptist church. He has a nice
home, and is one of the foremost residents of
Kinderhook. His political affiliation is with the
prohibition party; and he was village treasurer
for several terms. In manner he is social ard
genial, well known and well liked.

F. MARION CRANE, M. D.

Dr. F. Marion Crane, successfully engaged in
the practice of medicine and surgery in Pittsfield.
was born near this city upon the home farm in
Newburg township, July 20, 1862, his parents
being Lafayette and Susan U. (Leeds) Crane.
The mother is now living in Newburg township
at the age of seventy-seven years. The parents
removed to Illinois from Ohio, and were natives
of the Buckeye state and Pennsylvania respect-
ively. They located in Pike county at an early
epoch in its development, and Lafayette Crane
devoted his attention to the various pursuits of
farming, carpentering and cabinet-making. His
later years, however, were given entirely to agri-
cultural pursuits, and he continued upon the
home farm until his death, which occurred in

1863, at the age of sixty-eight years. In his fam-
ily were three daughters, who are residents of
Newburg township — Mrs. D. B. Rose, Mrs. R.
M. Weeks and Mrs. Eliza A. Fenton.

Dr. Crane also has one living brother, A. D.
Crane, a farmer, residing on the old homestead;
and there is also a half-brother, Felix L. Crane,
who is located in Stafford county, Kansas. One
brother is deceased, Eli L., and also a half -brother,
Ezra. Both Ezra and Felix were born in Ohio.
George W., another brother, died at the age of
fourteen years, and one sister, Mary Elizabeth,
died in infancy.

Dr. Crane was reared in Pike county, and in
its schools acquired his early education, which was
supplemented by three years' attendance at the
Illinois State Normal University at Normal. He
early became familiar with the duties and labors
that fall to the lot of the agriculturist upon the
home farm. He read medicine with Dr. J. Smith
Thomas, of Pleasant Hill, Illinois, while teaching
school in that section, and subsequently matricu-
lated in Rush Medical College of Chicago, where
he completed the regular course in 1892. Im-
mediately afterward he entered upon the prac-
tice of medicine with Dr. Thomas, at Pleasant
Hill, with whom he was associated for three
and a half years. On the expiration of that period
he went to the Hawiian Islands as one of the gov-
ernment physicians, but upon returning home for
his family to take them to the islands he was
taken ill with typhoid fever, and his wife con-
tracted the same disease three days later. He
then resigned his position, and has since prac-
ticed in Pittsfield with constantly growing suc-
cess, keeping in touch with the progress that is
continually being made by the medical fraternity
as investigation, research and experiment pro-
mote the efficiency of its followers. He practices
along modern, scientific lines, and has recently
completed and occupies a fine new office building
near his home, supplied with all modern equip-
ments. He owns a splendid compound toepler-
holtz static machine of the Nelson type, on which
he can use all static currents including theX-Ray.
Dr. Crane was married to Miss Eva H. Platt-
ner, who was born and reared in Pittsfield, and
is a daughter of A. W. Plattner, an undertaker

358

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of this city. The Doctor and his wife have two
children: Florine May, who was born at Pleas-
ant Hill, Illinois, in 1894; and Russell Andrew,
whose birth occurred in Pittsfield in 1896. The
parents are members of the Christian church ; and
Dr. Crane is a republican in his political views,
but without aspiration for office. He is serving
on the official board of the church and takes an
active and helpful interest in its work. He is
also a member of the school board, and was on
the pension board until it resigned bodily, a new
board being later appointed. In the line of his
profession he is connected with the Pike County
and Illinois State Medical Societies and the
American Medical Association, and is vice presi-
dent of the first named. Th£ profession as well
as the general public recognize his skill ,and
learning. He maintains a high standard of pro-
fessional ethics, and by reading and research is
continually broadening his knowledge so that he
is well qualified to meet the responsibilities that
devolve upon him in connection with the impor-
tant work he has chosen as his life vocation.

WILLIAM H. BROWN.

William H. Brown, the owner of six hundred
acres of valuable land in Pike county and also
well known in commercial circles as a dealer in
hard and soft coal at Maysville, was born in
Griggsville township on the roth of November,
1867, a son of Henry R. and Jane (Chapman)
Brown. The father's birth occurred in Brown
county, Ohio, July 15, 1821, and he was a son of
William Brown, Sr., a well known pioneer resi-
dent of Pike county. Henry Brown came to
Illinois in 1834, making his way at once to this
county and establishing his home on section 29,
Griggsville township. He followed a breaking
plow and dropped corn on the Griggsville prairie,
the rows being one mile in length. He was em-
ployed at that work by George W. Jones, who has
since passed away. Mr. Brown also worked in
a cotton gin in Morgan county for about three
years and like other boys of that early day he
was largely deprived of educational advantages

and was compelled to undergo many hardships
and privations incident to the settlement of the
frontier. He saw the first steamboat that sailed
on the waters of the Illinois river and was a
witness of many of the historic events which have
marked the development of this county. He also
saw deer running wild on the prairies, there
being twenty or more in a drove, but he never
shot one.

Henry R. Brown was married first to Miss
Harriet Park on the i8th of January, 1842, and
just two years later she passed away, leaving one
son, George W., who was born November 18,
1843. He served his country in the Civil war
as a member of the Union army and died July
7, 1900. On the 22d of December, 1847', Henry
R. Brown was married to Miss Jane Chapman,
a daughter of E. W. Chapman, deceased, well
known in early history of Pike county. By this
marriage there were; eight children. John Q., who
was bom October j 3, .1848, and married Miss Ella
Eastman, is now engaged in cultivating a farm
of about five hundred acres in Kansas. Mary J.,
born June 16, 1850 is the wife of John F. Wat-
kins, a farmer of Griggsville township. Sarah
F., born May 17, 1852, is the wife of Dr. W. O.
Skinner, a resident of Griggsville. William E.,
born August 12, 1854, died May 6, 1855. Julia
A., born November 8, 1856, has also passed away.
Flora E., born January 12, 1862, died January
10, 1867. Captain Amos W. Brown, born Decem-
ber 17, 1863, married Louise Lewis and they
now reside in Kansas, where he follows farming
and in 1902-3 he raised thirty thousand bushels
of wheat. William H. completes the family.
The father, Henry R. Brown, long an active,
enterprising, prosperous and honored agricul-
turist of Pike county, passed away June 7,
1903, when eighty-two years of age, and his wife,
-who was born in 1823, is now living in her eighty-
second year, at the present writing visiting her
sons in Kansas.

William H. Brown, reared under the parental
roof, acquired his elementary education in the
public schools and afterward attended Illinois
College at Jacksonville. He was early trained
to habits of industry, economy and enterprise
upon the old homestead farm and was associated

LIBRARY

Of THE

UNIVERSITY (Jf 'UINOIS.

MR. AND MRS. W. H. BROWN

MR. AND MRS. H. R. BROWN

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

363

with his father in business until the latter's death.
In recent years he had more and more relieved
his father of the care and arduous duties incident
to a business career and since his demise he has
been farming the old homestead, comprising six
hundred acres of rich and productive land. He
also raises and feeds stock on an extensive scale,
having a feed shed two hundred by two hundred
feet with fifty feeding chutes. In 1904 he fed
over five hundred head of cattle and he now has
on hand about two hundred head of cattle and
between five and six hundred head of hogs. He
is the most extensive live stock shipper in this
locality, buying cattle all over the county and his
business has reached mammoth and profitable
proportions. He also has coal sheds at Maysville
and is a dealer in both soft and hard coal, which
likewise adds materially to his annual income.
In January, 1906, he traded a farm of one hun-
dred and sixty acres, in Brown county, for a well
improved place of three hundred and twenty
acres in Butler county, Kansas, three miles from
Latham.

On the 4th of November, 1902, Mr. Brown
was married to Miss Josie A. Mink, who was born
in Salem township, Pike county, December i,
1882, a daughter of Jacob D. and Catherine
(Chipman) Mink, the former born in Ohio in
1852 and the latter in Pike county, Illinois, in
1858. Her father is a farmer and stock-raiser
in Salem township, cultivating about five hundred
and twenty acres of land. He came to this state
when young and in limited financial circumstances
but gradually he worked his way upward and has
found that success is ambition's answer. His
political allegiance is given to the democracy.
In his family were three sons and six daughters,
as follows: Jessie, the wife of Ralph Gleckler;
William H.; Ruth, the wife of William Dean;
Rachel ; Grover ; Frank, who died in his seventh
year ; Eunice R. ; Mamie ; and Emmett.

Mr. Brown has never cared for public office
but has always preferred to give his undivided
attention to his business affairs and in connec-
tion with his other interests is a stockholder in
the Illinois Valley Bank at Griggsville. He
votes, however, with the republican party and he
is a member of Pike lodge, No. 73, I. O. O. F.,
19

at Griggsville, while his wife is connected with
Dove lodge of the Rebekah order. They are
highly esteemed people of the community, repre-
senting worthy and prominent pioneer families
and the hospitality of many of the best homes is
freely accorded them. Mr. Brown is a man of
excellent business ability, of keen discernment and
unfaltering enterprise, and keeps in touch with
the modern trend of thought and progress in
relation to agricultural and commercial pursuits.

ROBERT YATES BARNES.

Robert Yates Barnes, vice president of the
Farmers Bank of Baylis, also a representative of
agricultural and stoG^-^i^ing interests, is ac-
counted one of.fhe active business men of his vil-
lage and community, and -the. extent and impor-
tance of his business operations have brought him
a good financial return and at the same time have
made him a factor in the advancement of general
prosperity. He was born April 6, 1861, in Pike
county, his parents being Nathan L. and Mar-
garet (Cunningham) Barnes. The father was
born March 15, 1833, in Washington county,
Pennsylvania, and was a son of William and
Sarah (Lawson) Barnes, of Pennsylvania, who
came to Pike county, Illinois, in the fall of 1854
and located near Baylis, buying a farm of one
hundred and twenty acres on section 24, New
Salem township. The grandfather was exten-
sively engaged in raising stock, making a spe-
cialty of cattle and horses. He spent his remain-
ing years here, passing away September 4, 1884,
while his wife died in 1868.

Nathan L. Barnes was educated in the com-
mon schools of Pennsylvania and remained at
home until the removal of the family to Pike
county, after which he entered business life here
by working as a farm hand by the month. Sub-
sequently he returned to the Keystone state, and
was there married to Miss Margaret Cunningham
in 1855. He brought his bride to Pike county,
and she engaged in teaching school, and thus
assisted him in gaining a start. He was paid a
dollar and a quarter per day for his labor, and

364

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was thus employed for six months, after which
he rented land for three years. On the expira-
tion of that period with the capital he had man-
aged to save from his earnings he bought a farm
of one hundred and seventy acres about a mile
and a quarter south of Baylis. To this he has
added until he now owns three hundred acres of
valuable land, and his farm is a well improved
property, the well tilled fields yielding him ex-
cellent harvests annually. He has placed all of
the buildings upon his farm, and has cleared most
of the land. He has engaged quite extensively in
the stock business; and although he came to this
county a poor boy, he is to-day one of its pros-
perous citizens — a fact which is attributable en-
tirely to his own efforts. In 1863 he was called
upon to mourn the loss of his wife. In October,
1905, he removed from his farm to Baylis, where
he is now living a retired life, resting in the en-
joyment of the fruits of his former toil. He is
a member of the Presbyterian church; and his
political views are those of a prohibitionist. He
is numbered among the early settlers of Pike
county, and, moreover, is a citizen whom to know
is to respect and honor because of his fidelity to
manly principles in all life's relations. His in-
fluence is ever given on the side of right, justice
and truth, and he advocates every movement
which tends to ameliorate the hard conditions
of mankind or to uplift humanity intellectually
and morally.

Robert Yates Barnes was educated in the com-
mon schools of Pike county and remained at
home until twenty-one years of age when he trav-
eled through the west, visiting Colorado, Cali-
fornia and Washington. He spent two years in
the west, being in Seattle in 1882, when there
were but five thousand inhabitants in the city.
In 1884 he returned to Pike county and entered
upon the occupation to which he had been reared.
For a year he remained upon the home farm
and then went to Missouri for the winter, but in
the spring returned to this county and resumed
general agricultural pursuits. He made his first
purchase of land in 1887, becoming the owner
of sixty acres in Adams county, Illinois, which
he sold in 1894. He then bought where he now
lives, owning one hundred and sixty acres of fine

land, which adjoins Baylis and is splendidly lo-
cated. His farm is on section 12, Haclley town-
ship, and is a well improved property, the fields
having been brought under a high state of culti-
vation, while the fences are well kept and the
buildings are in good repair. He has a fine
home, tasteful in its furnishings and attractive in
its surroundings. He keeps a large amount of
cattle, hogs and horses and is a lover of good
horses, having now in his possession some fine
coach horses and _ also some fine driving stock.
Moreover, he figures prominently in financial cir-
cles .in the county as the vice president of the
Farmers Bank, with which he has been con-
nected since its organization. In fact he was one
of the organizers and is a stockholder, and from
the beginning has occupied his present official
connection therewith.

In 1885 Mr. Barnes was united in marriage to
Miss Nancy Davidson, who was born September
4, 1859, and is a daughter of William and
Susan (Hartman) Davidson, of Adams county,
Illinois. Her father was a farmer by occupa-
tion ; but both he and his wife are now deceased.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Barnes have been born two
sons and a daughter: Arthur L., who was born
March 22, 1887, was graduated from the high
school at Baylis in 1905, and is living at home;
Ralph D., born March 15, 1888, was educated in
Baylis, and is also with his parents ; Alta May,
born May 16, 1892, died in 1897.

Mr. Barnes has always voted with the repub-
lican party, but does not seek nor desire the
honors nor emoluments of public office. He served
on the town board, however, and was a school
director for years. He is a member of the Mod-
ern Woodmen camp, No. 593, of Baylis, and of
the Mutual Protective League. His wife and
elder son are members of the Methodist church,
and Mr. Barnes contributes generously to its sup-
port. He keeps thoroughly informed concern-
ing the conditions of the village and commu-
nity, and gives active co-operation to many meas-
ures for the public good. As the years have
gone by he has developed extensive business in-
terests which have proven to him a profitable
source of income, and his life of industry is in-
dicative of the fact that faithfulness to duty and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

365

strict adherence to a fixed purpose in life will do
more to advance a man's interests than wealth or
advantageous circumstances.

ROBERT A. ANDERSON.

Robert A. Anderson is a self-made man who as
the result of his industry, economy and well di-
rected labors in former years is now enabled to
live retired in the enjoyment of a comfortable
competence. He makes his home in Griggsville,
but for many years was identified with agricul-
tural pursuits in Pike county. His birth oc-
curred in Durham county, England, on the 3d
of October, 1828, and when eleven years of age
he started out in life on his own account, since
which time he has depended upon his own re-
sources for everything that he has secured and
enjoyed. His parents were Anthony and Han-
nah (Meggeson) Anderson, the former born in
England in 1797, while the mother's birth oc-
curred in England about 1799. They were mar-
ried at Houghton Lee Springs, in Durham
county, England, and the father died in his na-
tive country in 1850, having for a number of
years survived his wife, who passed away in
1836, when thirty-seven years of age. They had
a family of five children, all of whom are living
in Griggsville at the present time : Ralph, who
was born in 1822 and is therefore eighty-three
years of age ; William, born February 22, 1825 ;
Robert A., of this review; Jane, born June 20,
1830; and John M., born August 20, 1835.

Robert A. Anderson remained a resident of
England until twenty-one years of age, when in
company with his brother Ralph he took passage
on a sailing vessel which weighed anchor at Liv-
erpool in May, 1850. They landed at New York
in July on the day that President Taylor was
laid to rest. They did not tarry long in the east-
ern metropolis, however, but went up the Hud-
son river to Albany, thence by rail to Buffalo,
New York, and by steamboat to Chicago, on the
Michigan and Illinois canal to LaSalle and thence
by boat down the Illinois river to Griggsville
Landing. On the 1st of October, 1851, Robert

A. Anderson started on the return trip to Eng-
land by the same route and remained in his na-
tive country until March, 1852, when he came
again to the United States accompanied by his
younger brother and sister. They were pas-
sengers on a sailing vessel which after a voyage
of nine weeks dropped anchor in the harbor of
New Orleans, whence they came by steamboat
direct to Griggsville Landing.

Mr. Anderson at once began farming on a tract
of four hundred and forty acres of land which
the brothers purchased conjointly, and his time
and energies were given to agricultural pursuits
until 1866, when he and his sister and brother
John returned to England on a visit. In 1867
they came once more to the United 'States and
remained upon the farm until 1873, when Mr.
Anderson purchased for them a home in the city
of Griggsville, where they now reside. He and
his younger brother and sister have always lived
together. While upon the home farm he was en-
gaged in raising Durham shorthorn cattle, hav-
ing only standard-bred animals. He followed that
business for a number of years, purchasing im-
ported stock, and found it a profitable source of
income. For a long period he was accounted
one of the thrifty farmers and stock-raisers of
Pike county, and continued in business with his
brother until 1873, since which time he has lived
a retired life. The farm is located on section 5,
Flint township, and consists of three hundred
acres, and is still managed by the brothers,
being rented to Mr. Henry Anderson, a nephew,
and son of William Anderson. In June, 1867, Mr.
Anderson attended the Paris Exposition for fif-
teen days. In later years he has spent several
fall seasons hunting large game in Wyoming,
finding this a pleasurable source of recreation.
He has never cared for public office for himself,
but has always opposed misrule in 'municipal af-
fairs, and has advocated the election of citizens
of known ability and integrity to office. For sev-
enteen years he was treasurer of the Griggsville
Farmers Fire & Lighting Insurance Company.
Mr. Anderson deserves much credit for what he
has accomplished in life, as he had no pecuniary
assistance when he started out for himself at the
early age of eleven years. He depended upon the

366

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

safe and substantial qualities of earnest labor and
straightforward dealing, and upon these as a
foundation has builded the superstructure of his
success as the years have gone by.

DR. R. R. POLLOCK.

Dr. R. R. Pollock, of Nebo, who is one of the
prominent bankers and financiers of Pike county,
and for many years has been recognized as a lead-
ing business man in this part of the state, dates
his residence in the county from 1866. He was
born in Union county, Ohio, on the 28th of Feb-
ruary, 1843, and is a son of John D. Pollock, a
native of Delaware, whose birth occurred in 1811.
The paternal grandfather, Robert Pollock, was
born December 23, 1784, and married Margaret
Hurley, October 2, 1806. He removed from Del-
aware to Ohio, becoming an early settler of Un-
ion county and there John D. Pollock was reared
and educated. He married Miss Rachel G. Dy-
sert, who was born in Union county, Ohio, in
1817. He devoted his attention to farming in
that county until his removal to Illinois, at which
time he took up his abode upon a farm in Edgar
county. Subsequently he became a resident of
Aurora, Illinois, where he spent his last years in
honorable retirement from further labor, enjoy-
ing the fruits of his former toil. His death oc-
curred in that city in 1897. His widow still sur-
vives him and now resides with Dr. Pollock, a
hale and hearty old lady of eighty-eight years.

Dr. Pollock went to Illinois in early life and
there was reared. He attended the common
schools, and afterward continued his studies in
Abingdon College, having in the meantime studied
also in the schools of Des Moines, Iowa. On the
27th of July, 1861, when eighteen years of age,
he responded to the country's call for troops,
and 'with patriotic ardor joined Company A.
Tenth Iowa Volunteer Infantry. He enlisted as
a private and so served until September 28, 1865.
when he was honorably discharged, after having
been with the army for three years and two
months. He participated in a number of promi-
nent and important engagements, including the

battles of luka, Corinth, the Siege of Vicksburg
and Mission Ridge. He was also at Lookout
Mountain and was at Kingston, Georgia, at the
expiration of his term of service, after which he
was honorably discharged and mustered out.

Dr. Pollock then returned to Des Moines, Iowa,
where he continued his education, while later he
became a student in Abingdon College at Abing-
don, Illinois. He took up the study of medicine
there under the direction of his brother, and at-
tended his first course of lectures in 1870 in Jef-
ferson Medical College at Philadelphia, Pennsyl-
vania. The following year he began practice in
Nebo, where he has remained continuously since
as an active and able representative of his pro-
fession. He attended his last course at Keokuk,
Iowa, in 1877 and 1878, and was graduated in the
latter year. He built up a large lucrative prac-
tice, becoming recognized as one of the capable
members of the medical fraternity in Pike county.
He also established and carried on a drug store
in Nebo for a number of years. As his financial
resources have increased he has made judicious
investments in real estate and now owns several
farms in Spring Creek and Pleasant Hill town-
ships. In 1903 he established the Bank of Nebo,
and erected a large neat brick bank building, two
stories in height. This building includes the post-
office and store on the ground floor and offices
above. The Doctor is president of the bank
while his youngest son is cashier. It has become
a strong financial institution and a general bank-
ing business is carried on, a liberal patronage hav-
ing already been secured. Dr. Pollock has also
aided materially in the upbuilding and progress of
the town of Nebo, where he owns a neat residence
and also about forty acres of land within the town
limits.

Dr. Pollock was married in Pleasant Hill in
August, 1866, to Miss Anna E. Ferguson, a na-
tive of Pike county, who was reared and edu-
cated in Abingdon, Illinois, where she became
acquainted with her husband. She is a daughter
of James H. and Eliza Ferguson, early settlers
of Pike county. Dr. and Mrs. Pollock have be-
come the parents of three sons and two daugh-
ters: Robert Cleon, of Peoria, Illinois, who is
married and has two children ; John R., who is

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

367

a practicing physician represented elsewhere in
this work ; Ralph Waldo, who is cashier of the
bank; and Nellie and Alice both at home. The
daughters have been afforded liberal educational
privileges, and Alice is a normal university grad-
uate, having received excellent training in teach-
ing. Nellie is a graduate of Wesleyan College
of Music, Bloomington, Illinois.

Dr. Pollock is independent in his political views
and supports the best men regardless of party
affiliations. He is enterprising and watchful of
opportunities both for his individual interests
and for the public welfare, and public opinion
is not divided concerning his ability in his pro-
fession and in business life and his worth as a
citizen.

ERNEST E. WILLIAMSON.

Ernest E. Williamson, editor and proprietor
of The Independent Press of Griggsville, one of
the leading papers of Pike county, is a progres-
sive young man and has been quite successful
since taking charge of this paper.

He is a native of Pike county and was born in
the city of Pittsfield,' March 16, 1870. The Wil-
liamsons are of mingled Irish, Scotch and Welsh
ancestry. The father of our subject, whose name
was Thomas, was a native of Ohio, and a son
of Jesse Williamson, a native of Highland county,
that state, he having been born there in an early
day. He was reared there to the life of a farmer,
and was married to Martha Sloan, also a native
of Highland county. After the birth of their
children, he brought his family to Illinois in
1857, journeying hither by land and settling on
a farm in Detroit township, Pike county. His land
was somewhat improved and he spent the remain-
der of his active life in developing a farm. After
the death of his wife in 1869, he retired from
business, removed from Detroit township, and
went to Pittsfield, where his death occurred only
a few years ago, at the advanced age of nearly
ninety years.

Thomas Williamson, the father of our sub-
ject, was one of the younger of his mother's

children and he was reared in Ohio until he at-
tained manhood, having been bred to the life of a
farmer. He was married there to Esther Slagle,
who was born in West Virginia, and came of
southern parentage and German ancestry. After
marriage Mr. and Mrs. Williamson moved to
Illinois and settled in Detroit township, Pike
count}'. He subsequently went to Pittsfield and
engaged in the drug business. He now resides
in Jacksonville, Illinois. He had the misfortune
to lose his wife, who died in their home in Pitts-
field, July 4, 1873, when she was less than forty
years of age. She was a kind neighbor, a true
friend, a devoted wife and a loving mother.
She was an earnest Christian and was identified
with the Methodist Episcopal church. She was
the mother of two children, our subject and his
brother Raymond, the latter of whom resides at
El Reno, Oklahoma.

Ernest Williamson was quite young when he
was deprived of the care of his mother and for a
time was reared by his father and maternal grand-
mother, Julia A. Slagle, of Pittsfield, the latter
of whom died September 10, 1888. It was while
living with her that he secured a practical edu-
cation in the city schools of Pittsfield. At the age
of fourteen and while still attending school he
learned typesetting in the Old Flag office at Pitts-
field, later worked on the Democratic Herald for
a short period and at the age of sixteen he entered
upon the work which led him into journalism, as
he then secured a situation in the printing office
of the Pike County Democrat, edited by Hon. J.
M. Bush, Sr. He became familiar with general
newspaper business, and for a year before he left
to take control of his first paper, he was foreman
of the Pike County Democrat. He became proprie-
tor of The Independent Press in-the month of June,
1889, which he did not change in title or politics,
which is strickly independent. It is a six-column
quarto sheet, with a full line of local and general
news and is popular wherever it circulates. It
has continued to prosper since it came in posses-
sion of Mr. Williamson, who succeeded Arnold
Hughes, who founded the paper in 1879. It
now has a circulation of one thousand two hun-
dred copies weekly, and it is considered one of
the most newsy and well edited papers of the day.

368

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Mr. Williamson was married April 2, 1891, to
Miss Jessie, eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Charles T. Kenney, of Griggsville. They have
three children, Helen Louise, born September 10,
1894; Kenney Ernest, bom April 7, 1899; and
Raymond, born June 26, 1903. ,

XAVIER CARLEN.

Xavier Carlen, better known as Charles Carl en,
is an enterprising agriculturist of Pleasant Vale
township, and is also an honored veteran of the
Civil war. He was born on the Rhine in France,
June 3, 1832, and was the only child of Charles
and Catherine (Lougel) Carlen. The father was
a farmer by occupation and both he and his wife
were members of the Lutheran' church. They
died many years ago, Mr. Carlen at the age of
fifty-two years and Mrs. Carlen when forty-
three years of age.

Charles Carlen of this review was educated in
the common schools of his native country and
continued his residence there until twenty-five
years of age, when, (attracted by the favorable
reports that he had heard concerning business
opportunities and advantages in the United States,
he came to America in 1857, landing in New
York. He traveled for a number of years before
taking up his abode permanently in Pike county.
He was first married to Polly Meeks of this
county, the wedding taking place in 1866. They
had four children: Lewie, the wife of William
Battle, who is living in Eldara ; Lizzie, the wife
of Jacob Moyer, a resident of Hadley township;
Charles, at home ; and Emma, the wife of George
Watson, a resident of Peoria, Illinois. The wife
and mother died in 1873, and it was not until
1891 that Mr. Carlen was again married, in which
year he wedded Mrs. Rosella Fox, nee Saxbury.
She was born in New Canton, Pike county,
August 17, 1857, was the widow of William Fox
and is the daughter of Edison Saxbury. He was
a schoolmate of Martin Van Buren and was one
of the first white men to establish a home within
the borders of this county and aid in its recla-
mation for the uses of civilization. Edison Sax-

bury became a farmer and devoted his attention
to the tilling of the soil until after the outbreak
of the Civil war, when, on the I3th of August,
1862, he enlisted as a member of Company C,
Ninety-ninth Regiment of Illinois Volunteers
under Captain M. D. Massie. He was with the
army for three years, and was then honorably
discharged July 31, 1865, at Baton Rouge, Louis-
iana. Following his return to Pike county he
resumed farming and spent his remaining days
here. His birth occurred in 1827 and he departed
this life May 25, 1895, at the age of sixty-eight
years. By her first marriage Mrs. Carlen had
four children: Walter and Edward both living
near our subject ; Stella, the wife of Fred Wilson,
of Eldara ; and Lena, the wife of Frank Strater,
who is assistant postmaster at Carthage, Illi-
nois. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Carlen has been born
one son, George.

-Mr. Carlen had been a resident of the new
world only four years when the country be-
came involved in the Civil war. He informed him-
self concerning the conditions of the times and
the great questions under discussion and believ-
ing in the justice of the Union cause he enlisted
on the 1st of August, 1861, as a member of Com-
pany H, Tenth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, with
which he served until honorably discharged,
December 31, 1863, at Larkinson, Alabama. He
re-enlisted there as a veteran on the ist of Feb-
ruary, 1864, and was appointed fifth corporal
of Company H, Tenth Iowa Volunteer Infantry,
receiving the appointment on the 5th of Novem-
ber, 1864, from Colonel P. P. Henderson, who
was in command of the regiment. While at the
front Mr. Carlen participated in the movements
of the armies under Generals Grant, Sherman,
McPherson, Logan, Howard and Dodge, taking
part in a number .of hotly contested engagements,
and on the 15th of August, 1865, was honorably
discharged at Little Rock, Arkansas.

Following the close of hostilities Mr. Carlen
took up his abode in Pleasant Vale township,
where he purchased eighty acres of land from
Captain Massie's father-in-law. This was in the
midst of the forest and there with the green
woods all around him he began the arduous task
of clearing and improving a new farm. He first

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

369

lived in a log shanty and there he put forth stren-
uous effort to develop his land and to care for his
family, for his wife left him with four children,
whom he reared himself, putting forth every
effort in his power for their welfare, comfort and
happiness. As the years passed he prospered in
his undertakings and in addition to the tract of
land which he now owns he also operates one
hundred and twenty acres adjoining his place.
He has good buildings and improvements upon
his farm and a glance will serve to indicate to
the passerby the careful supervision of a pains-
taking effort of a practical and progressive owner.
In his political views Mr. Carlen is a republican.
He belongs to Amos Morey post, No. 617, G. A.
R., at New Canton and his wife is a member of
the Christian church.

There is no more loyal citizen in Pike county
than this adopted son who from the early years
of his residence in America has manifested a
sincere and deep attachment to the stars and
stripes. Local advancement as well as national
progress is a cause dear to his heart and his co-
operation has always been depended upon in
matters of general improvement and progress
here. The hope that led him to seek a home in
America has been more than realized for he has
found good business opportunities here, the
utilization of which has resulted in the acquire-
ment of a comfortable property and at the same
time he has won many warm friends among his
neighbors and fellow townsmen in Pike county.

W. A. RAKER.

W. A. Baker, of Pleasant Hill, usually called
Judge 1'aker, is one of the prominent citizens of
Pike county and one of the few remaining early
settlers. For years he was a manufacturer of
tobacco and his well-directed activity resulted in
making him one of the prosperous citizens of his
community. He dates his residence in Illinois
from 1844 and has made his home in I "ike c unity
since 1865. His birth occurred in Ohio on the
28th of September. 1825. his father being George
W. Raker, who was born in West Union. Ohio,

where his childhood and youth were passed. He
became a blacksmith by trade, carried on a shop
at West Union and conducted a successful busi-
ness. At that place he was married and in 1831
he removed to Kentucky, locating in Gallatin
county, where he carried on business for a long
period, spending his remaining days there.

Judge Raker was reared in Kentucky, where he
received fair school advantages. He came to
Illinois as a young man about 1844, locating at
Carthage, Hancock county, where he turned his
attention to merchandising, following that pursuit
for about four years. In 1850 he removed to
Louisiana, Missouri, where he engaged in the
manufacture and sale of tobacco, continuing in
the trade at that point for sixteen years, after
which he came to Pike county, settling first in
Rarry. He there continued in the tobacco trade
for a few years, after which he removed to El-
clara, where he engaged in the manufacture of to-
bacco for about two years. In 1870 he came to
Pleasant Hill, where he continued in the tobacco
business for three years.

While living in Carthage. Hancock county, Mr.
Raker was united in marriage to Miss Louisa E.
Conklin, who was born in Ohio but was reared
in Hancock county, Illinois. This union has been
blessed with five children : W. V., at home ; Ida.
the wife of Richard Turner, of Oregon ; Duane,
a telegraph operator now at home ; and Elmer,
who carries on a harness business in Pleasant
Hill. He married Gertrude Gelvin and they have
a son, Ralph. Mr. and Mrs. Raker also lost one
daughter, Clara, who grew to womanhood, was
married and died in 1882, leaving three children.

Judge Raker has been a stalwart democrat
since casting his first presidential ballot in 1848.
He has never once missed a presidential election
and has always stood loyally by the principles
which he believes to contain the best elements of
good government. He was elected justice of the
peace in Derry township and long filled the same
office in Pleasant Hill. He has also served as
police justice for years, his incumbency in the
two positions covering thirty years. He has like-
wise been notary public and has frequently been
chosen as a delegate to the county and congres-
sional conventions. His residence in the countv

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

covers more than a half century, during which
time he has witnessed its growth and progress,
watching its transformation from an unbroken
wilderness and swamp to a district of rich fer-
tility with splendidly developed farms, in the
midst of which are thriving villages or more pre-
tentious cities. His life has been a useful one and
his influence has ever been given on the side of
improvement and progress. He was called upon
to mourn the loss of his wife in 1895, her death
occurring in Pleasant Hill. She was an esti-
mable lady and like her husband, enjoyed the warm
regard of many friends. Mr. Baker made a cred-
itable record in business circles and his official
record is equally commendable, for at all times
he has been found faithful to duty and loyal to
the trust reposed in him.

M. D. KING.

M. D. King, the junior member of the milling
firm of Dow & King, the leading representatives
of this line of industrial activity in Pike county,
has advanced from a humble financial position
to one of affluence entirely through his own ef-
forts. His connection with the present busi-
ness covers a long period and began as a general
utility man about a mill. Gradually his ability
and worth won recognition and to-day he is half
owner of what is now one of the largest and most
profitable enterprises of Pittsfield.

Mr. King was born near Springfield, Hamp-
den county, Massachusetts, in 1849, a son °*
Dwight and Martha (Vinton) King, and a repre-
sentative in the eighth generation of the King
family of Massachusetts, the first American an-
cestors having crossed the Atlantic in 1640. His
father, who was a farmer by occupation, was
born in Massachusetts in 1810 at a period before
any railroads were built in the state. In the fam-
ily were three sons and a daughter: Mrs. Julia
Waterman, the wife of Dr. Waterman, of Elgin,
Illinois: Frank M., who is living in Munson,
Massachusetts ; Henry A., engaged in the practice
of law at Springfield, Illinois ; and M. D., of this

In the public schools of his native state M. D.
King acquired his education and in the spring of
1873 came to the west, then a young man of
twenty-three years. He was attracted by the
opportunities of this growing section of the coun-
try and after spending several months in Mis-
souri he came to Pike county in June, 1873, for
the purpose of attending the funeral of Colonel
Ross. He was pleased with the city and accepted
a position in the mill owned and operated by
C. P. Chapman & Company being first employed
as a general man about the office and mill. He
steadily advanced from one position to another
and on the death of Mr. Chapman acquired a
half interest in the business, which is now con-
ducted under the firm style of Dow & King.
The mill was built by Mr. Chapman and G. J.
Shaw and had been carried on under the firm
name of C. P. Chapman & Company. The an-
nual sale of the products now reaches four hun-
dred thousand dolkrs, the business being very
extensive and profitable.

In December, 1876, Mr. King was united in
marriage to Miss Rosabella G. Chapman, the only
child of Clark P. and Amelia (Shaw) Chapman.
She was born in 1856 in Pike county, her father
having removed to this county in 1847. Taking
up his abode in Pittsfield he was first employed
as a clerk by the firm of Ross & Gay, merchants
of Pittsfield, and later he purchased an interest
in the business, which was then conducted under
the firm style of Gay, Chapman & Kellogg, and
afterward of Chapman, Kellogg & Hull. In
1863 Messrs. Chapman and Hull sold their inter-
est to Mr. Kellogg, who conducted the business,
and in April, 1865, Mr. Chapman made an over-
land trip to Washington, D. C., carrying with
him fifty thousand dollars in currency to ex-
change for bonds in order that he might establish
a national bank in Pittsfield, which was soon
afterward organized, with Mr. Chapman as
cashier. Later he became one of the stock com-
pany that built the woolen mills in Pittsfield but
this venture proved unprofitable and Mr. Chap-
man sold out, after which he and Mr. Shaw
built the old flour mill, where the new milling
plant now stands. He then continued in the mill-
ing business throughout his remaining days. He

C. P. CHAPMAN

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

373

was a very successful man and one of the fore-
most residents of Pittsfield. He was likewise
one of the first to introduce Jersey cattle into
Pike county and was greatly interested in stock-
raising, which became a profitable source of in-
come to him. He served as the first cashier of
the First National Bank of Pittsfield, acting as
one of its directors until his death and was both
vice-president and president for some time. Many
local enterprises profited by his wise counsel and
able co-operation, and he figured prominently in
business and public life, contributing in substan-
tial measure to the welfare and upbuilding of
Pittsfield. He was honored and respected by all
and most of all where best known and his name
is inseparably interwoven with the annals of Pike
county. He died August 20, 1898, leaving his
family not only a splendid competence but also
the priceless heritage of an untarnished name.
His wife still survives and is living with Mr.
and Mrs. King at the advanced age of eighty-
four years. Mr. Chapman built the home where
they now reside and it is still one of the most
beautiful residences of Pittsfield.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. King have been born two
sons : L. C. King, born in 1879, married Bertha
Hesley and lives in Pittsfield, now acting as book-
keeper at the mill. He is also one of the aldermen
of Pittsfield and is an enterprising and leading
citizen. Unto him and his wife has been born
one son, Clark Chapman King. Vinton, born in
December, 1885, lives at home and is his father's
assistant at the mill.

Mr. King exercises his right of franchise in
support of the men and measures of the repub-
lican party and for "one term served as alderman.
He has likewise been school director and township
treasurer, while in Massachusetts he became a
member of the Masonic fraternity. Mrs. King
is a member of the Congregational church and
her parents were very active in church work.
Mr. King has led a busy and useful life. He
realizes fully the truth of the adage of the old
Greek philosopher who said "Earn thy reward,
the gods give naught to sloth," and placing his
dependence upon the sure and safe qualities of
unremitting diligence and perseverance he has
steadily advanced until to-day he is in control of

one of the large productive industries of Pike
count}', which is the visible evidence of his life
of well directed toil. In social circles Mr. and
Mrs. King occupy a very enviable position and
their own home is attractive for its generous hos-
pitality and a cordial welcome is extended to
their many friends.

WILLIAM SHINN.

William Shinn is the oldest native born resi-
dent of Pike county, also the founder of the sheep
industry in th'iS 'county, and is one of the self-
made- men having acquired a fortune in the lo-
cality where his entire life has been passed. He
is justly entitled to representation in this volume
as a prominent and leading citizen, and indeed no
history of the community would be complete
without his record. His birth occurred on sec-
tion 12, Atlas township, January 7, 1827, his par-
ents being Daniel and Mary (Hackett) Shinn,
both of whom were natives of New Jersey and
were married there. They afterward removed
to Ohio, where they spent seven years, and in
April, 1820, came to Illinois, bringing with them
the first wagon ever seen in Pike county. Mr.
Shinn purchased one hundred and sixty acres of
wild land on section 12, Atlas township, and for
three years resided in the village of Atlas. He
had seven children when he came to Illinois, and
in order to provide for his family, with character-
istic energy he began farming interests here. He
built a log house, improved his farm, transform-
ing the wild tract into richly productive fields,
and spent his remaining days upon that place,
gathering rich harvests as the years went by.
He was closely associated with many of the early
events which have shaped the history of the
county. He assisted in building the first court-
house and jail in Atlas, both being constructed
of logs. The country was wild and unimproved
and he assisted in laying out the road from Pitts-
field to Atlas. He had to keep his hogs in a log
stable in order to protect them from the wolves,
so numerous were the latter animals in this dis-
trict at that time, so that flocks were never safe

374

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

from their depredations. Mr. Shinn was the
owner of seven hundred acres of land in Pike
county at one time and was regarded as a very
prominent and influential citizen, aiding in lay-
ing strong and deep the foundation for the present
prosperity and progress of this section of the
state. He reared a family of thirteen children,
of whom only two are now living. His death
occurred in March, 1852, while his wife passed
away about 1846.

William Shinn was educated in the primitive
schools of Pike county and his youth was largely
a period of earnest toil, as he had to begin work
when quite young. He assisted in the arduous
task of developing his father's farm and also
in the improvement of other farm property in
this county. When twenty years of age he was
married but continued to reside upon the farm
with his father until 1850, when he crossed the
plains to California, attracted by the discovery
of gold in that state. For a year he remained
there, making some money during that period,
after which he returned home by way of the isth-
mus route. On again reaching Illinois he took up
farming, which he followed in different localities,
buying and selling different tracts of land. In
1856 he purchased the place where he now resides
and here he has since lived. He to-day owns
nine hundred and eighty-six acres of valuable
land in Pike county and four hundred acres in
Michigan and has secured all of this property
through his own efforts, save a tract of thirty-
nine acres which his father gave him. He there-
fore certainly deserves much credit for what he
has accomplished and his life record proves that
success is not a matter of genius but is rather the
outcome of clear judgment, experience and inde-
fatigable energy. He has been a representative of
the sheep-raising industry since 1866 and has
owned from six hundred to three thousand sheep
since then. In fact he is not only the pioneer
of this business in Pike county but is also one
of its prominent representatives, being to-day the
largest sheep-raiser within its borders, having at
the present time five hundred head of sheep upon
his farm. During the past thirty-five years he
has also been extensively engaged in raising and
dealing in cattle and at one time had from two

hundred and fifty to three hundred head but now
keeps about one hundred head upon his place. His
extensive property holdings and live-stock inter-
ests make him one of the wealthy farmers of the
county.

In 1846 Mr. Shinn was united in marriage to
Miss Mary Jane Lytle, who was born in Ross
county, Ohio, in March, 1827, and came to Pike
county, Illinois, in 1837, with her father, Andrew
Lytle, who lived in this county, where he owned
and improved eighty acres of land. Subsequently,
however, he removed to Calhoun county, where
his death occurred. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Shinn
were born four children : Mrs. Elizabeth Gay,
who is now living with her father ; Albion Shinn,
living near here; William D., who resides near
his father; and Mame, the wife of William Cun-
ningham, also living in the same locality. The
wife and mother died December 24, 1904, and her
death was the occasion of deep regret among
many friends, while to her family it came as an
irreparable loss. She was a woman of beautiful
character, kindly, generous spirit and warm-
hearted charity and by her many good qualities
won the love and esteem of all who knew her.
Mr. Shinn is a member of the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, belonging to the New Hartford
lodge, No. 424, of which he is a charter member.
He joined the order at Eldara, Illinois. He be-
longs to the Methodist church at Summer Hill,
of which his wife was also a member, and his
life is actuated by high and honorable motives
and lofty principles. Although he has attained
wealth his path has never been strewn with the
wreck of other men's fortunes, his prosperity
being gained by persistent effort, capable manage-
ment and careful investment.

GEORGE W. SEYBOLD.

George W. Seybold, whose farming interests in
Fail-mount township cover three hundred and
twertv acres of arable and productive land, was
born in Fairmount towship. this countv. May 8.
1848, his parents being James and Olive (Gr.s-
kell) Seybold. the former a native of Illinois and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY-.

375

the latter of New York. Their marriage was cele-
brated in this state; and both have now passed
away, the mother's death having occurred when
she was eighty-three years of age. She long sur-
vived her husband, who died April 15, 1869, at
the age of sixty-seven years, three months and
thirteen days. The father spent his boyhood days
with his parents in Carlinville, Illinois, and dur-
ing the pioneer epoch in the history of Pike coun-
ty removed to this section of the state, purchasing
land in Fairmount township. He found here an
unbroken wilderness ; and in the midst of the for-
est built a log cabin, while later he erected what
was the first frame house in this locality. Herds
of deer were frequently seen ; and wild turkeys,
ducks, prairie chickens and other game could be
had in abundance. The Indians, too, were fre-
quent visitors in the neighborhood, having not yet
left the state for their reservations farther west-
ward. The. nearest neighbor of the Seybold fam-
ily at that time lived six miles away. The family
shared in all the hardships and trials of pioneer
life and assisted materially in the reclamation of
the wild land and the improvement of this part
of the state. The old frame house which was
built by the father is still standing and is now oc-
cupied by our subject. In order to construct his
dwelling James Seybold hewed the timber, split
the clapboards with an axe and shaved them by
hand. He lived for some time on the American
bottom in Madison county and during the pion-
eer days sold his pork in St. Louis for a dollar
and a quarter per hundred and his wheat for twen-
ty-five cents per bushel. An old wooden clock
which he purchased in 1829 and for which he
gave forty dollars, is now in possession of George
W. Seybold and is keeping good time. As the years
passed he prospered and at the time of his demise
he owned two hundred and ninety-five acres of
valuable land. His last days were passed in Bev-
erly, Adams county. He had served his country
as a soldier in the Twenty-seventh Illinois Infan-
try and his political allegiance was given to the
whig party until its dissolution, when he became
a republican. In the family were seventeen chil-
dren, twelve sons and five daughters, of whom
five sons and four daughters are now living,
namely : Jasper ; Hannah ; Gates, a resident of

Callaway ; Lafayette, who was a soldier in the
Thirty-third Illinois Infantry in the Civil war;
Mary ; Stephen, who wore the blue uniform as
a member of the Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry ;
George W. ; Ellen, and Emelina. One brother,
Samuel, gave his life in defense of his country
while acting as a Union soldier. Joseph died No-
vember n, 1857, at the age of twenty-seven years,
seven months and seven days. Martha C. died
December 6, 1857, at the age of seventeen years,
eleven months and six days. Eli departed this
life January 18, 1850, at the age of twenty-three
years. Allen died August 17, 1841, at the age of
nine years, six months and four days. James
passed away November 25, 1857, at the age of
fifteen years, two months and eleven days.

George W. Seybold was reared under the pa-
rental roof and acquired a public-school education
which he pursued in the district schools and also
at Camp Point. His training at farm labor was
not meagre, so that he early acquired a thorough
understanding of the best methods of carrying on
farm work on his own account. He started out
in life for himself when twenty-one years of age
and has since devoted his time and energies to
the cultivation of the fields and to raising stock.
That he has prospered in his undertakings is in-
dicated by the fact that he is now the owner of
three hundred and twenty acres of valuable land
and he also raises good stock, including short-
horn and Durham cattle and Poland China hogs.
This branch of his business has been carried on
quite extensively, for he has fed and shipped many
hogs, annually selling from fifty to one hundred
head of cattle and as many hogs.

On the 22d of March, 1872, occurred the mar-
riage of Mr. Seybold and Mrs. Mary Elder, a
daughter of Levi and Matilda (Neal) Gardner,
who were natives of Pennsylvania and Kentucky
respectively. Her father came to Illinois at an
early day, settling in Fairmount township, where
he built a log house and broke the wild prairie.
He was one of the pioneer residents of this part
of the state and secured one hundred and sixty
acres of land which he converted into a tract of
rich fertility. At the time of the Civil war he
espoused the cause of the Union and served as
a fifer in Company F, Ninety-ninth Illinois In-

376

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

fantry. In politics he was a whig and he held
membership in the United Brethren church. In
his family were eight children, of whom five are
now living, namely: Elizabeth, Margaret, Myra,
Mary and William. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Seybold
have been born eigrjt children and the family cir-
cle yet remains unbroken by the hand of death.
These are : James L., Nellie, Johanna, George C.,
Charles, Hettie, Margaret and Annie.

Mr. Seybold exercises his right of franchise in
support of the men and measures of the republi-
can party and his fellow townsmen, recognizing
his worth and ability, have several times called
him to public office. He has served as
supervisor, as tax assessor, as tax collec-
tor, school trustee and school director, oc-
cupying the last named position for twelve
years. He favors the United Brethren church.
Born in this county more than a half century ago,
he is familiar with its history from the era of
early development down to the present stage of
modern prosperity and progress. His entire life
has been devoted to the occupation to which he
was reared and his careful management and keen
business discernment are manifest in the excellent
results which have attended his efforts.

HENRY T. DUFFIELD, M. D.

Dr. Henry T. Duffield, who for twenty-two
years has engaged in the practice of medicine
and surgery in Pittsfield and is a representative
of a pioneer family of this part of the state, was
born in Martinsburg township, Pike county, Feb-
ruary 21, 1853, his parents being James M. and
Lucinda (Petty) Duffield. The mother was also
a native of Pike county and a daughter of Fisher
Petty, who was among the early pioneers of Pike
county and engaged in the operation of a tan-
nery four miles south of the present site of Pitts-
field. He was present when the city of Pittsfield
was being laid out and witnessed through many
years the progress and development of this part
of the state. He made his home upon the farm
until his death, which occurred many years ago.

James D. Duffield, father of Dr. Duffield, ar-
rived in Pike county in 1845, coming to Illinois
from Indiana. Settling in Martinsburg township,
he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits,
which claimed his time and energies until his
death, which occurred in 1896, when he was seven-
ty-three years of age. He had for about eight years
survived his wife, who died in 1888. In their fam-
ily were three sons, who are yet living, J. J. and
W. F. Duffield being residents of Martinsburg
township. The only daughter is deceased.

Dr. Duffield, spending his youth in his parents'
home, began his education in the schools of Pike
county and mastered a high-school course, sub-
sequent to which time he entered the old Chi-
cago University and was graduated from the lit-
erary department in the class of 1878. This
proved an excellent foundation upon which to
build his professional knowledge, and having de-
termined upon the medical profession as a life
work he entered the St. Louis Medical College,
where he spent three years as a student, grad-
uating with the class of 1882. He had also spent
the year of 1879 as a student in the office and un-
der the direction of Dr. J. H. Ledlie, of Pitts-
field. Following his graduation he returned to
this city and for several years, or until 1892; was
the business associate of Dr. J. H. Ledlie, who
for many years had been a capable and leading
physician of Pike county. He was born, reared
and educated in Dublin, Ireland, having been
graduated from the University of Dublin. Com-
ing to America, he located first in Chicago in
1854 and removed to Pittsfield in 1857, where
he resided up to the time of his death. During
the period of the Civil war he joined the Union
army as surgeon of the Ninety-ninth Illinois In-
fantry and remained at the front until 1865, when,
hostilities having ceased, he returned and re-
sumed practice in Pittsfield. During the latter
part of his service he had charge of a military
hospital at Jefferson City, Missouri, and was med-
ical director of the Thirteenth Army Corps.

From the time of his graduation to the pres-
ent Dr. Duffield has engaged in general practice
in Pittsfield, meeting with gratifying success. He
has not specialized along certain lines, but has
given his attention to the general practice of med-

DR. H. T. DUFFIELD

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

379

icine and surgery and has demonstrated his broad
knowledge and skill in the excellent results which
have attended his labors when viewed from a
professional standpoint. He has made it his aim
to keep in touch with the progress of the med-
ical fraternity as investigation, research and ex-
periment have broadened the knowledge of the
practitioners.

Dr. Duffield was married, in 1890, to Miss
Elizabeth Ledlie, a daughter of his preceptor and
partner. The Doctor and his wife have a wide
acquaintance in Pike county, while their social
qualities have gained them favor with a large
circle of friends. Politically an earnest republic-
an, Dr. Duffield has served as mayor of Pitts-
field for one term and has been alderman three
times. He prefers to concentrate his energies
upon his professional duties and is a member of
the County and State Medical Societies and the
American Medical Association.

WILLIAM H. WILSON.

The name of William H. Wilson figures promi-
nently in connection with agricultural interests
and also in financial circles, for he is the presi-
dent and assistant cashier of the Perry State
Rank. Watchful of opportunities, he has noted
the possibilities for successful accomplishment
and by the utilization of these has advanced far
upon the pathway which is terminated by the
goal of success. He was born in London, Eng-
land, September 16, 1845, his parents being
Henry and Catherine (Stratton) Wilson. The
father's birth occurred in London, Eng-
land, May i, 1816, and, losing his mother at an
early age, he was reared by an aunt. His edu-
cation was acquired in two private schools and
when he had put aside his text-books he began
earning his living as a clerk in a grocery store.
He served a regular apprenticeship in commer-
cial lines and when twenty-two years of age
opened a store in lower London, continuing in the
grocery business for eleven years. Within that
period he was married to Miss Catherine S. Strat-
ton, a native of Berkshire, England. Removing

from London, Mr. Wilson established a grocery
store in Swindon, Wiltshire, where he remained
for a few years and then started with his family
for America, sailing from Liverpool in April,
1855. The voyage consumed nearly seven weeks
but at length anchor was dropped in the harbor of
New York city and the journey westward by land
and water was continued until Griggsville was
reached. Some two years later the family located
on a farm in the northern part of Perry township
and in 1868 removed to the home property of
William H. Wilson on section 28 of the same
township. Upon this place Henry Wilson spent
his remaining days and in the evening of life en-
joyed many comforts and luxuries which had
been secured through his earnest and unremitting
labor in former years. His wife passed away
February 27, 1879, and his death occurred about
1889. Both Mr. and Mrs. Wilson were members
of the Presbyterian church. Only two of their
eight children are now living: William H. ; and
Mary' the wife of Calvin Harrington.

William H. Wilson .spent the first ten years of
his life in his native country and in 1855 came
with his parents to the new world, crossing the
Atlantic from Liverpool to New York city. Dur-
ing the voyage they were out of sight of land for
six weeks and three days. After reaching the
American port they proceeded to Toledo, Ohio,
by rail, thence to Chicago and on to Griggsville.
where they lived for two and a half years, when
they removed to Perry township. Mr. Wilson
was reared to farm labor and as his father was in
poor health he took charge of the farm, which
he operated in partnership with his father until
the latter's death. In his methods he was saga-
cious, practical and persistent and developed a
splendid farm property. He has not, however,
confined his attention wholly to agricultural pur-
suits but has been a promoter of various inter-
ests which have proven of direct benefit in the
locality. In 1896 he helped to organize the Perry
State Bank, was chosen its president and is now
also acting as its assistant cashier. This bank is
capitalized for forty thousand dollars and is a
strong and reliable financial institution. Mr.
Wilson is also the secretary of the Griggsville
Farmers Mutual Insurance Company, which is

38o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

capitalized for four hundred and fifty thousand
dollars. He has occupied this position for twenty
years. The company commenced business April
8, 1876, with a capital of a little more than fifty
thousand dollars and that their business has been
prosperous is indicated by the fact that the poli-
1 cies now represent over four hundred and fifty
thousand dollars.

At the time of the Civil war Mr. Wilson put
aside business and personal considerations in or-
der to aid his country, enlisting as a member of
Company H, Seventy-third Illinois Infantry at
Buckhorn on the nth of October, 1864. He was
transferred to the Forty-fourth Illinois Regiment
in June, 1865, and was honorably discharged on
the 5th of September of the latter year. He is a
member of Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M.,
and of the Grand Army post and he and his fam-
ily are members of the Presbyterian church. He
has always been an earnest supporter of the pub-
lic schools and has labored effectively and earn-
estly for the advancement of the county along
material, intellectual and moral lines.

Mr. Wilson was married to Miss Cornelia E.
P>radbury, who was born December 12, 1847, m
Griggsville township and is the eldest child of
Jotham and Mahala (Hobbs) Bradbury, the for-
mer a native of Ohio, born in 1824 and the latter
born in Kentucky in 1822. They became resi-
dents of Illinois in early life and after their mar-
riage settled on a farm in Pike county, where
they remained for many years, but ultimately Mr.
Bradbury put aside business cares and removed
to a pleasant home in the village of Griggsville.
Both were members of the Baptist church and
were earnest Christian people, whose lives were
in many respects worthy of emulation. Both
have now passed away. In their family were
seven children, of whom five are now living:
Mrs. Wilson, Ernest C, Nicholas, Lillie and
Lula. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson were married May
13, 1868, and their union has been blessed with
three children. Grace I. is the wife of Leslie
Bird, by whom she has two daughters, Elizabeth
and Catherine. Mr. Bird is now cashier of the
State Bank of Belleville, Wisconsin. Bessie E.
and Catherine J. are at home. Mr. Wilson has
spent almost his entire life in this county and his

interest in community affairs finds proof in the
active and helpful part which he has taken for the
public good. He is watchful of business oppor-
tunities and in utilizing his chances has steadily
progressed until today he is well known as a rep-
resentative of agricultural and financial circles in
this county.

WILLIAM H. DINSMORE.

William H. Dinsmore, living on section 27,
Hardin township, is one of the thrifty farmers
and stock-raisers, whose farm is the proof of his
industry and capable management. He owns
forty acres of land and is cultivating a tract of
one hundred and twenty acres, including the old
family homestead. His birth occurred July 29,
1858, in this county. His father, Marshall Dins-
more, was a native of Scott county, Illinois, born
in March, 1826. He married Miss Martha Jan-
uary, whose birth occurred in Greene county, Illi-
nois, where her father, John January, had settled
at a very early day. Following their marriage
Mr. and Mrs. Marshall Dinsmore located in Har-
din township, where he improved a farm and
owned two hundred and eighty acres of land. He
afterward bought and improved three other farms
and spent his life in this county, his death oc-
curring here March 2, 1890. His wife survives
him and resides upon the old homestead with her
son, William H., who was one of a family of four
children. The eldest, Susan, is now the wife of
Hayes Calvin. The others are : Mrs. Emily Couch
and Mrs. Nora Harshman, of Pike county.

No event of special importance occurred to vary
the routine of farm life for William H. Dinsmore
in his boyhood and youth. He assisted his father
in the care and improvement of the home farm
and remained in Pike county until 1890, when he
spent one year in California, being employed as a
farm hand there. He then returned in 1891 and
took charge of the farm and business, developing
the fields and also raising good horses and hogs
for the market. He has displayed excellent busi-
ness ability and keen discernment in his work and
in estimating the value of stock his judgment is
seldom, if ever, at fault.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

On the nth of October, 1884, Mr. Dinsmore
was united in marriage to Miss Ella Collier, a
native of Pike county and a daughter of John
Collier, who was born in Indiana but later took
up his abode in Pike county. There is only one
son by this marriage, R. T. Dinsmore, who is now
editor and proprietor of the Nebo Banner.

Politically Mr. Dinsmore is a stanch and stal-
wart democrat, keeping well informed on the
questions and issues of the day, but without seek-
ing office. Mrs. Dinsmore, mother of our sub-
ject, and Mrs. R. T. Dinsmore are both mem-
bers of the Christian church. Although his life
has been quietly passed William H. Dinsmore
has always been recognized as a citizen of worth
in the community because of his fidelity to the
duties that devolve upon him and his active co-
operation in many measures which have contrib-
uted to the general good.

LEONARD L. WALKER.

Leonard L. Walker, whose high moral stand-
ing and progressive citizenship have caused his
memory to be cherished by those who were active-
ly associated with him through the years of his
residence in Pike county, departed this life on the
2Oth of February, 1889. He was born in Berlin,
Rensselaer county, New York, on the 27th of
September, 1813, and was a son of Nathan and
Sybil (Rix) Walker, the former a native of Con-
necticut. Leonard L. Walker was reared and ed-
ucated in the place of his nativity, and after ar-
riving at years of maturity was married, on the
I4th of November, 1840, to Miss Clarinda Rhodes,
whose birth occurred November 15, 1820. She
was a daughter of Jonathan and Mary (Taylor)
Rhodes, both of whom were natives of Berlin,
Rensselaer county, New York. Her father re-
moved with his family to Shannahon, Illinois, and
soon afterward was drowned. In his family were
seven children, but Mrs. Walker is the only one
now surviving.

Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Wal-
ker remained in their native state until 1845, when
they started westward, going to Troy, New York ;
thence to Buffalo ; by Lake Erie to Toledo, Ohio ;

on by the Miami canal to the Ohio river and down
that stream to the Mississippi. They left the
Father of Waters at the Cincinnati landing and
came across the country to Barry, locating on a
farm of eighty acres adjacent to that city. Here
Mr. Walker built a log house in which they lived
until 1849. With eleven other men he made the
trip overland to California, while his wife and
children returned to New York, where they re-
mained during the period of four years which
Mr. Walker spent on the Pacific coast. He then
returned to Pike county in 1853 and the family
also returned from New York the same year. He
then resumed farming and later built a fine home
which now stands within the city limits of Barry
on the original eighty acres which he purchased
on coming to Illinois. He spent his life as a
farmer and stock-raiser on that land and trans-
formed his property into a good farm. He laid
out on a part of this land what is known as Wal-
ker's addition to the city of Barry and subdivided
it into town lots, which he sold at a good figure
and thereby materially 'increased his capital.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Walker have been born two
children: Horatio married Josephine Onetto and
they live in Edmond, Kansas. Helen has acted
as state corresponding secretary for the Wom-
an's Christian Temperance Union of Illinois for
six years and was state superintendent of litera-
ture for the same society for a period of
ten years.

Mr. Walker was a man of high and honorable
principles, faithful in friendship, loyal in citizen-
ship and devoted to his family. He was a mem-
ber of the Baptist church and all who know him
respected him. His early political support was
given the whig party and when the question of
slavery began to be agitated he supported the
abolition party until the republican party was
formed to prevent the further extension of slav-
ery when he joined its ranks. Later when he
felt that the temperance question had become a
dominant issue he voted with the prohibition
party. At all times he stood for progress, re-
form, improvement and for uplifting influences
for humanity. Mrs. Walker, still surviving her
husband, makes her home in Barry, and on the
I5th of November, 1905, celebrated the eighty-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

fifth anniversary of her birth, on which occasion
eighteen ladies, all over seventy years of age,
gathered at her home, and the occasion was a
most enjoyable one to all.

JAMES SYKES.

Barry numbers James Sykes among her rep-
resentative and valuable citizens and as he has a
very wide acquaintance throughout Pike county
the history of his life can not fail to prove of inter-
est to many of our readers. In 1888 he took up his
abode in this city where he now resides and where
he has continuously made his home for the past
seventeen years. He is of English birth, the place
of his nativity being Huddersfield, England, and
the date March 9, 1819. That was the ancestral
home of the family through several generations,
his parents and grandparents both being born
there.

His father, James Sykes, Sr., spent the early
years of his life in his native county and when,
quite young began working in the woolen mills,
where he advanced steadily as his fidelity and
capability were recognized until he became fore-
man of the finishing department, but the reports
that he heard concerning business opportunities
in America lead him to believe that he might pro-
gress more rapidly in the new world than in his
native country and accordingly in 1821 he bade
adieu to friends and native land and sailed for
America, establishing his home in Manhattan-
ville, which is now included in New York city.
There he secured a position and when he found
he could make a good living there he sent for his
wife and three children. Some years before em-
barking for the United States he had married
Hannah Hirst, who was also born in Hudders-
field, England, and was a daughter of William
Hirst, also a native of Yorkshire, England. On
receiving word that her husband wished her
to join him in America she started with her three
children from Liverpool, but after the vessel was
out a few weeks it sprang a leak and after sailing
for thirteen weeks finally managed to reach the
port of Cork, Ireland. Mrs. Sykes then returned

to her old home in England and on again complet-
ing her preparations started once more for the
new world, arriving eventually in New York,
after a voyage of seven weeks. She thus spent
twenty weeks of that year upon the ocean. Mr.
and Mrs. Sykes made their home in New York
city, in Glenham, Dutchess county, and at Brook-
lyn, New York, at different times until 1834.

In June of that year James Sykes, Sr., visited
Adams county, Illinois, and being pleased with
the country and its splendid prospects he made
investment in four hundred and eighty acres of
government land, located in Beverly township.
He then rejoined his family in Brooklyn, and on
the 2d of October of the same year, accompanied
by his wife and children, he started once more for
the Prairie state, traveling on a tow boat on the
Hudson river to Albany, thence by way of the
Erie canal to Buffalo, by lake to Cleveland, on the
Ohio canal to Portsmouth, and there embarked
again on a steamer in order to make the journey
on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to Quincy.
•On .reaching their destination they found a little
jown containing only a few hundred inhabitants
and its' purjlic buildings were of the most prim-
itive kind, the courthouse being made of logs.
There was but one brick structure in the city and
that was an addition to another building. Leaving
his family in the town, Mr. Sykes made his way
to his claim, whereon he erected a log cabin,
which was the. second building in Beverly town-
ship, Adams county, and between his home and
Quincy there were only five houses. Soon the fam-
ily were installed in the little cabin and he ener-
getically took up the task of converting his claim
into a productive and valuable farm, residing
thereon until his death, in 1852. He lived in
Adams county during the period of its pioneer
development, when large herds of deer were to
be seen and there was much other wild game.
Only here and there had a claim been entered
and the work of improvement begun, but he had
faith in the future of the state and he bore an
energetic and helpful part in reclaiming the wild
land and in planting the seeds of improvement
and civilization. Mrs. Sykes passed away about
a year prior to her husband's death and Adams
county thus lost two of its valuable and repre-

,,VE«S.?Y^.""t(S-

JAMES SYKES

MRS. JAMES SYKES

^N

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

387

sentative citizens. In their family were four chil-
dren : Mary, who married Jacob Funk and died
in Beverly township ; William, whose death also
occurred in that township; James, of this review;
and John, who was born in New York city and
is now living in Adams county. The father left
a large estate in land that has become very val-
uable and some of this is still in possession of the
family.

James Sykes, whose name introduces this
record, was only two years old when brought by
his parents to America and was a youth of fifteen
at the time of the removal of the family to Illi-
nois. The remainder of his youth was therefore
passed amid the wild scenes and environments
of pioneer life. He shared with the family in the
hardships and trials incident to the establishment
of a home on the frontier and his memory forms
a connecting link between the primitive past and
progressive present. His reminiscences of pioneer
days are most interesting for he relates clearly
events of much importance in that early period,
as well as the manner in which the people lived
when they had to depend upon their own
labors and resources for almost everything
in their homes or in use upon their
farms and also for their clothing. About
1852, as the people of Quincy did not wish to
have the county seat removed to the center of
what was then Adams county the county was
divided, the eastern half being called Marquette.
The people of that section, however, refused to
organize into a county and for five years the
singular and unheard-of condition existed of
a tract of land twelve by thirty miles, well settled,
and in the midst of a thriving country being with-
out law or taxes and yet remaining perfectly
peaceable with no officers to execute laws. The
residents, however, lived quietly, settling their
differences by arbitration, keeping up their roads,
schools, etc., and thus the condition of affairs con-
tinued for five years. In 1858 a convention was
called to revise the constitution of the state and
the clause inserted declaring any territory set
apart from a county that 'did not organize within
five years should revert to the county to which it
formerly belonged and thus Marquette county
became a part of Adams county.

Mr. Sykes is thoroughly familiar with the
work of progress and improvement as it was car-
ried on in those pioneer days. The nearest mill
from his parents' home was about seven miles
distant and was operated by ox or horse power,
while the second mill in their vicinity was built
close to the present site of Beverly. This mill
was worked by oxen and the flour wos bolted by
hand machinery. The old-fashioned wooden mold
board plow was used in the fields and the grain
was harvested with a cradle and then placed
upon the ground and then tramped out by horses
and oxen. There were no fanning mills, so that
the farmers placed their grain in a measure which
th.ey. raised as -high as they could and then turned
it out slowly, .on to the ground that the wind
might blow 'the- chaff away. Much of the farm
work was done by'Oxie-n including the breaking
of the prairie and the tilling of the fields, and the
farmers traveled to market behind ox-teams. Mr.
Sykes, possessing considerable mechanical skill
and ingenuity, was called upon to do much of the
carpenter work at the old homestead and made
the mold boards for the plow, the points being
manufactured by blacksmiths. He remained
under the parental roof until he had attained his
majority, assisting in the various departments of
farm labor, and on attaining his majority he re-
ceived from his father a gift of eighty acres of
wild land, half prairie and half brush. Upon
this he erected a frame residence which was the
third of- the kind built in Beverly township
and it was used as a shop meeting house and
public hall for two years. His natural mechan-
ical skill enabled him to follow carpentering and
he devoted a portion of his time to that pursuit
for nearly thirty years, at the same time superin-
tending the improvement of his farm, which he
brought under a high state of cultivation. In
1850 he purchased a tract of wild prairie in Bever-
ly township, for which he paid four dollars per
acre. The following year he sowed about forty
acres of this land to wheat and he has gradually
become a large landowner, adding from time to
time to his real estate until his possessions are
extensive, embracing very valuable farm land
in Adams county. There he continued to engage
in general agricultural pursuits until 1888, when

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

he removed fo Barry and purchased his home,
which is beautifully located on Diamond Hill
and is one of the fine residences of the town. He
is now enjoying a rest, which is well earned and
richly merited.

On September 23, 1849, occurred the marriage
of James Sykes and Miss Mary Ayres, who was
born in Woodridge, New Jersey, and died in
Beverly township, April i, 1873. They had be-
come the parents of eleven children, five of whom
have passed away, while six are yet living, name-
ly : Hannah is now the wife of Aaron House and
lives in Nebraska, has four children and six
grandchildren. Elizabeth is the wife of James
O. McLain and has five children. Her home is
at Weeping Water, Nebraska. Joseph married
Martha E. Holt, resides at Colorado Springs, and
has one son, George. Emma is the wife of Mark
Huffman and resides at Beverly, Adams county,
and they have four children. Frank married
Eliza Hill, lives at Hadley station in Pike county
and has three children. Hattieisthewifeof Frank
Lawson and is living near Barry, and they have
three children. After losing his first wife,
Mr. Sykes was again married on the 25th of
November, 1875, his second wife being Miss
Martha J. Cunningham, whose birth occurred in
Harrison county, Ohio, and who is a daughter of
George and Mary (Humphrey) Cunningham, the
former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter
of Ohio. Mrs. Cunningham spent her entire life
in her native state and after her death, in 1867,
Mr. Cunningham came to Pike county, Illinois,
purchasing a farm in Hadley township, whereon
he continued to make his home until his demise
in the spring of 1882. He then sold his farm
and took up his abode . in Barry, where he pur-
chased a residence which he occupied until his
death in May of the same year.

Mr. Sykes is indeed one of the typical pio-
neers of this section of the state and is a man
whose force of character and genuine worth have
made him a valued factor in public life. His
political allegiance was given to the democracy
in his early manhood and his first presidential
vote was cast for Martin Van Buren. When the
republican party was organized he joined its ranks
and has never failed to advocate its principles.

He has always kept well informed on the questions
and issues of the day, politically and otherwise,
and has been a broad reader and a frequent con-
tributor to various papers. The cause of edu-
cation has ever found in him a warm and help-
ful friend and for nearly thirty years he served
as a school director in Adams county and after-
ward became a member of the board of education
of Barry and has acted as chairman of the board
of health. He has in his possession what proves
to be a most interesting volume. Since 1834
he lias been writing a diary, which continues to
the present time. An indication of his experience
in early life may be given in the following ex-
tracts : "September 2, 1840, helped father tramp
and clean up twelve and a half bushels of wheat."
"September 3, 1840, went to Payson to muster."
"September 8, ground two axes and went to the
woods and cut four trees," September 10 and n.
Bill and me tramped out fifteen bushels of wheat."
"September 15, rainy — made a pair of pants."
The same volume also contains reminiscences of
his early life in the state of New York and also
a splendid account of his trip on a pony up Pikes
Peak on the 23d of October, 1890, when he was
in his seventy-second year. He is now eighty-
seven years of age and is yet a well preserved
man of great mental vigor whom it is a pleasure
to meet and know.

FRANKLIN CADWELL.

In the death of Franklin Cadwell at his home
in Grigg'sville on the 28th of Januarv, 1906, the
county lost one of its pioneer settlers, who assist-
ed in laying the foundation for the upbuilding
of western Illinois. His last years were spent in
retirement from labor in his Griggsville home,
but at one time he was successfully and exten-
sively engaged in fruit-growing and his business
interests resulted in the acquirement of a capital
that now enables him to rest in the enjoyment of
the fruits of his former toil. He was born in
Kentucky, October 4, 1828, and came to Illinois
in 1835 with his parents, William and Elizabeth
CMcFarlancH Cadwell. In the father's family

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

389

were seven children, of whom two are living- :
Addison, who resides in Pittsfield and has served
as assessor and collector of the county ; and Lu-
cinda, the wife of George Crumb, a resident of
Los Angeles, California. The father became one
of the pioneer settlers of Pike county, arriving
in Illinois in 1835. He secured a tract of land
and began farming, following that occupation
' until his death in his sixty-fifth year. His wife
survived him and died in her seventieth year. Mr.
Cadwell was a Jeffersonian democrat and was
one of the esteemed and worthy early settlers of
this portion of the state. He aided in reclaiming
the wild land for the purposes of civilization and
took a helpful part in every movement calculated
to benefit the county and produce modern
progress.

Franklin Cadwell was but seven years of age
when brought to Pike county by his parents and
was here reared amid the wild scenes, conditions
and environments of pioneer life, sharing with
the family in all the hardships and trials incident
to the establishment of a home upon the frontier.
He attended the primitive schools of that period
until he reached the age of young manhood, when
he learned the carpenter's, trade under Alfred
Bissell, of Pittsfield, and was identified with that
pursuit for several years, during which time he
built a number of houses now standing in Griggs-
ville. In 1850, attracted by the discovery of gold
in California, he went to the far west, where he
remained until 1855, when he returned to Illinois.
The same year he was married and removed to
Greene county, where he engaged in farming with
success, accumulating a large tract of land. On
returning to Griggsville he turned his attention to
merchandising as a member of the firm of Cad-
well & Bonnell, the junior partner being Albert
Bonnell. Owing to the fact that Mr. Cadwell
was not able to give to the business his entire
personal attention this venture was not entirely
successful and the business was closed out, Mr.
Cadwell concentrating his entire energies upon
his farming interests in Greene county. In this
line he prospered and not only recovered the
losses he had sustained by his previous venture
but accumulated a competency. In a few years he
returned with his familv to Pike countv and built

the fine brick residence east of Griggsville, now
owned by his son George. As his financial re-
sources increased he added to his property hold-
ings until at one time he owned eight hundred
acres, a part of which was covered with timber.
He had an orchard of one hundred and sixty
acres, and for forty years he devoted his time and
attention largely to the cultivation of fruit, being
the most extensive fruit-grower in the county.
He made a specialty of apples, becoming one of
the largest and most successful orchardists in
this part of the state. Together with his sons,
William and George, he owned at one time over
one thousand acres of apple orchards. He made
large shipments and as he produced fruit only of
the best varieties all of the products of his place
found a ready sale on the market. He had an
orchard of sixteen acres on the old homestead in
Griggsville township, while the remainder of his
property he had divided among his children. In
1862 he and his wife removed to the city of
Griggsville, where he remained up to the time of
his death. He led a very active and busy life up
to within five years of his demise, after which he
largely lived retired.

Mr. Cadwell was married to Miss Jemima C.
Pond, who was born April 27, 1836, the mar-
riage being celebrated October 25, 1855. Her
parents were Edward and Charlotte (Stearns)
Pond, both of whom were natives of Massachu-
setts, born near Boston. A great-grandfather of
Mrs. Cadwell was one of the heroes of the Revo-
lutionary war and was taken prisoner by the
British troops during the period of hostilities.
Her father was a school teacher for thirty years
or more. Both he and his wife were members of
the Presbyterian church in early life but after-
ward became identified with the Congregational
church. Mr. Pond gave his political allegiance
to the whig party and was a man of broad in-
tellectuality, whose influence was a potent element
for good in every community where he lived and
labored. He died at the age of sixty-six years,
while his wife passed away at the age of eighty-
eight years.

Unto "Mr. and Mrs. Cadwell were born seven
children, of whom five are now living: William
E., born June 26, 1858, is a fruit-grower and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

business man of Griggsville. George F., born
August 27, 1862, is engaged in the fruit business
in Griggsville. Carrie Belle, born April 14, 1865,
is the wife of A. L. McClay, a resident of Hill-
ville, Illinois. Ollie J., born September 28, 1874,
is also living in Griggsville. Alfred Addison,
born December 28, 1876, makes his home in the
same city. All of the sons are fruit-growers and
shippers and the family have made an excellent
reputation in connection with this line of business.
Mr. Cadwell led too busy a life to hold public
office but was a supporter of many progressive
movements for the general welfare. He was
made a member of Griggsville lodge, No. 45, A.
F. & A. M., in 1867, and he was a member of the
Methodist Episcopal church for many years,
while his wife is a Congregationalist. He took
a very active and helpful interest in the work of
the church of which he was an honored member
for many years and his activities therein ceased
only with his increasing illness. He voted with
the democratic party and was interested in the
material, intellectual and moral progress of the
community. He and his wife spent many winters
in the south, both in Florida and Texas, and also
in California, traveling extensively in many por-
tions of the country for the benefit of Mr. Cad-
well's health. He passed the seventy-seventh
milestone on life's journey and in a review of this
long record many sterling traits of character
stand strongly forth, his energy and enterprise
being salient features in his success. He was al-
ways honorable in his methods, considerate in
his dealings with his fellowmen and commanded
respect and confidence by reason of a life rec-
ord that will bear the closest investigation and
scrutiny.

JOHN S. LOCKWOOD, M. D.

The subject of this sketch, Dr. John S. Lock-
wood, was bom on a farm near Dover, in Kent
county, Delaware, January 10, 1838. His par-
ents and grandparents were all natives of Kent
county and were practical farmers. In early life
his father, John Lockwood, who was a school
teacher and surveyor, rode to Ohio on horseback

and taught school near where the city of Chilli-
cothe now stands. He afterward returned to Del-
aware and married Miss Ann Slay. He then
bought two hundred and twenty-eight acres of
land and engaged in the business of farming, in
which he continued as long as he lived. As a re-
sult of his marriage three children were born:
William H., John S. and Mary E. William is
now living in Cass county, Illinois, and has one
grown son and one daughter. Mary is deceased,
while her only child, Mrs. Amelia Crider, is now
living in Atlantic City, New Jersey.

After the death of his mother, which occurred
when John Lockwood was about eight years of
age, their father having died about three years
previously, John Lockwood was taken into the
home of a maternal uncle, John Slay, and when
not attending school he was employed in the
store and on the farm, of which his uncle was
owner and proprietor. After reaching the age
of fourteen years he started out in life for him-
self, continuing in the work of the farm and the
store for a few years. He then- attended school
and taught alternately until he had completed a
three years' course in Fairfield Seminary, of New
York. He next returned to Delaware and en-
gaged in business, conducting a general store
and at the same time registered as a student of
law with Eli Saulsbury, of Dover, but at the end
of two years he gave up the study of law, sold
out his store at auction and went to Philadelphia,
where he pursued a course in a commercial school.
On the completion of that course Dr. Lockwood
obtained a position as a clerk and traveling sales-
man for a wholesale house in Philadelphia, but
after a short business experience in that line he
gave up his position and soon matriculated in the
Eclectic Medical College of Philadelphia, attend-
ing one course of lectures, when, owing to feeble
health he went on a cruise in a sailing vessel on
the Delaware and Chesapeake bays off the At-
lantic coast of New Jersey on Long Island Sound
and up the Thames river as far as Norwich, Con-
necticut. He then returned to Delaware greatly
improved in health and early in the following
September he started to Burlington, Vermont, to
complete his college course in medicine and sur-
gery, but stopped on the way at Pittsfield, Massa-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

chusetts, and after inspecting the college there he
changed his plans about going to Burlington and
went instead directly to Ann Arbor, where he
spent a few weeks. He afterward proceeded to
Keokuk, Iowa, and there matriculated in the Col-
lege of Physicians and Surgeons. He subsequent-
ly became a dresser of wounds and assistant in
post-mortem examinations in the Estes House
Military Hospital, where he remained until he
had attended two courses of lectures and was
graduated in the summer of 1865.

Dr. Lockwood then crossed the river to Adams
county, Illinois, and visited with his Delaware
friends and relatives through the remainder of
the summer. He taught school in the fall and
winter and in the spring opened an office for prac-
tice of medicine and surgery in Quincy, where
he remained until the fall, when he removed to
New Canton in Pike county, where he engaged
in the practice of his profession for about seven
years. He then attended a course of lectures in
the Missouri Medical College at St. Louis and the
Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia and
was graduated from both schools in the spring
of 1874. He then returned to New Canton and
resumed the practice of his profession as before.

On the 3 ist of December, 1874, Dr. Lockwood
and Miss Ella Clauson were married. She was
a daughter of Eben and Malinda Clauson, the
former a native of New York and the latter of
Kentucky. They were among the early settlers
of Pike county, were married here and lived most
of their married life in New Canton and vicinity.
Eight children were born unto them, all of whom
died in infancy except three : Ella, Allie and Min-
nie. Ella died January 23, 1895, Allie died in
February and their father died in the following
April. The widowed mother survived her hus-
band and two daughters for more than ten years
and passed away May 7, 1905, leaving but one
daughter, Mrs. Fred Brown, of Hull, Illinois.

Owing to failing health Dr. Lockwood was
compelled to give up the general practice of medi-
cine in New Canton in the summer of 1888 and
then went to Hamilton, Illinois, where he and
his wife became connected with a sanitarium, re-
maining there for several years. Since then, with
the exception of his connection with the Baldwin

Park Sanitarium in the summer of 1895, he has
not been engaged in the practice of his profession
nor has he had any permanent residence, but has
spent his time in Illinois, Iowa, Florida, Arkansas,
Colorado and California. He was one of the
original active promoters of the incorporation of
the town of New Canton, was its first treasurer
and was subsequently elected as one of its trus-
tees and lastly as president of the board. While
in the practice of his profession at New Canton
he also served for two terms as supervisor, one
term as school trustee and one term as director.
He was never an aspirant for any political office
of the county or state, but was sufficiently in-
terested and identified with local politics as to
be frequently sent as a delegate to the county, dis-
trict and state conventions of the party to which
he belonged. He is not a member of any church,
but is favorable to all churches and public organ-
izations for the good of the community. He was
formerly a member of a literary society of some
note and also of a beneficiary society, but is not
now a member of any society except the Masonic
lodge, No. 821, of New Canton, Illinois.

GEORGE W. PARKER.

George W. Parker, following the occupation
of farming in Fairmount township, was born
January 6, 1850, in the township which is now his
home and has spent almost his entire life in Pike
county. His father, John J. Parker, was born
in Canada, January 13,, 1812, and having arrived
at years of maturity was married in Cayuga
county, New York, on the i2th of October, 1831,
to Miss Lydia Phillips, whose birth occurred in
Scotland, March 18, 1813. Mr. Parker was only
six months old when taken by his parents from
his native place in the province of Lower Canada
to Cayuga county, New York, where he remained
until early manhood. He was married at the age
of twenty years and continued a resident of New
York for seven years thereafter, when in 1838
he emigrated with his family to Pike county,
Illinois, arriving at his destination on the 28th
of May. He took up his abode near the central

392

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

part of the county. He had at that time a wife
and three children and his cash capital consisted
of only twenty dollars. He at once began farming
and he met the usual vicissitudes of pioneer life,
for this district was cut off from the older settled
portions of the country by long stretches of wild
land, unbroken forests and by streams that were
unbridged. In fact the work of improvement and
progress had scarcely been begun in this section
of the state. After various removals Mr. Parker
settled in Fairmount township in 1845 and pur-
chased land on section 26, afterward buying one
hundred and sixty acres on section 27, but he
continued to live on section 26 until his death,
which occurred February 22, 1871, his remains
being interred in the Woodland churchyard.
When about fifteen years of age he united with
the Freewill Baptist church and following his
removal to Illinois joined Hinman Chapel of the
Methodist Episcopal church on probation. He
continued his connection with that denomination
until 1861, when he and his wife joined the
United Brethren church, of which he continued
an active member until his death. His wife's
father had died previous to her birth and when
yet an infant she was left an orphan, being reared
by an old gentleman by the name of Terry, who
took her to Stephentown, Rensselaer county, New
York, when she was six years of age. Ten years
later Mr. Terry died and she was taken by her
uncle, E. Brown, to Berkshire county, Massachu-
setts. After this she was compelled to make
her own living. She was converted under the
teaching of the Christian church when seventeen
years of age but did not unite with any church
until after she came to Illinois, when she joined
Hinman Chapel and, as stated, she and her hus-
band transferred their membership to the United
Brethren church.

Mr. and Mrs. Parker became the parents of
ten children, six sons and four daughters. Tacy
Ann, born in New York, October u, 1832, died
at the age of fifty-six years. She was a member
of the Methodist Episcopal church and was buried
in Woodlawn cemetery. Sena A., born Decem-
ber 2, 1834, died May 28, 1902, at Moweaqua,
Shelby county, Illinois, in the faith of the Metho-
dist Episcopal church. Miles M., born in New

York in 1836, is now living in Iowa. Mary E.,
born July 25, 1839, died in Iowa, in March,
1904, in the faith of the United Brethren church.
John M., born February 24, 1846, is a resident of
Iowa. Twins died in infancy. George W. is
the next of the family. Louis D., born January
I, 1852, is a resident of Iowa. Alive F., born
January 15, 1854, was a member of the United
Brethren church. She died at the age of twenty-
one years and was buried in Woodland cemetery.

In his boyhood George W. Parker lived at home
with his parents, assisting his father in the labors
of the farm and pursuing his early education
in the public schools of the neighborhood, after
which he attended schools at Moweaqua, Shelby
county, Illinois. He remained under the paren-
tal roof up to the time of his marriage, which was
celebrated on the 2gth of July, 1880, the lady of
his choice being Sarah J. Comer, who was born
November 5, 1855, and is a daughter of Daniel
and Mary (Dehart) Comer. The father, who was
born in Scotland, August 10, 1822, came to this
country with his parents in his childhood, the
family being established in Indiana, where he
remained until twenty-three years of age. He
then removed to Mount Sterling, Brown county,
Illinois, and in 1847 became a resident of Adams
county, buying a farm of about eighty acres in
McKee township. There in connection with gen-
eral agricultural pursuits he also followed car-
pentering and coopering. Subsequently he added
forty acres to his place and devoted his entire
attention to general farm work. His religious
views accorded with the teachings of the United
Brethren church and in politics he was a Jack-
sonian democrat. He died October 17, 1897, at
his home in Adams county, and his widow, who
was born in'that county, March 23, 1834, is now
living in Nebraska. In their family were ten
children, five sons and five daughters, those still
living being Sarah J., now Mrs. Parker; George
W. ; Nancy E. ; James M. ; Mary A. ; Martha E. ;
Joseph M. ; Annie M. ; and Robert D.

At the time of their marriage Mr. and Mrs.
Parker began their domestic life on a farm and
later he purchased the interest of the other heirs
in the old homestead property. He is now culti-
vating two hundred and twenty acres of land

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

393

and resides upon the old Parker homestead, where
his labors have resulted . in bringing the fields
under a high state of cultivation so that he annu-
ally harvests good crops. As the years passed
by five children were added to the family, but
only two are now living: Minnie I., who was
the third in order of birth, and Mamie A. Minnie
was born April 16, 1885, and is now the wife
of Harry Manton, a resident of Griggsville town-
ship, while Mamie A. was born August 30, 1895.
The others were : Gertie M., who was born June
14, 1881, and died June 17, 1888, at the age of
seven years ; Myrtie B., who was born April 2,
1883, and died November 19, 1885; and Mary
Bessie, who was born August 24, 1892, and died
February 19, 1893. Mr. and Mrs. Manton have
one daughter, Mary L., born October 3, 1904.

Mr. Parker votes with the republican party
but has never had any aspiration for office. He
belongs to the Masonic lodge at Perry, in which
he has served as steward and senior warden and
he also holds membership with the Modern Wood-
men camp and is a charter member of the Knights
of Pythias lodge of Perry. He belongs to the Anti-
Horse Thief Association and to the Methodist
Episcopal church. He still has in his possession
the first half dollar which he ever earned, it being
given him in 1860 by Rev. James Dimmitt, a
Methodist Episcopal preacher, for picking apples,
and the coin bears the date 1850. It was the
nucleus of his present possessions and is cherished
by him as the beginning of a competence which
is now large and gratifying and which indicates
a life of well-directed thrift and activity.

JOSEPH C. TONER.

Joseph C. Toner, postmaster at Kinderhook and
also a hardware merchant, was born in Pike
county on the 3d of July, 1845, a son of William
G. and Mary (Gose) Toner. The father was
born in Jefferson county, Missouri, September 14,
1817, and passed his early clays in his native state
and obtained his education in a pioneer log school-
house. When but seven years of age he left
home, stopping at any place where he could ob-

tain food and shelter, thus working for the neces-
sities of life. When sixteen years of age he
began to learn the trade of a hatter in St. Louis,
Missouri, but gave it up on account of the evil
influences to which he was subjected among
his associates in the business. He finally came to
Pike county, Illinois, in 1840, and on the I4th of
September, 1844, was married here to Mrs. Mary
Long, nee Gose, the widow of W. W. Long.
Her father, George Gose, was born in Grayson
county, Virginia, whence he went to Russell
county, that state, when a small boy, there spend-
ing his remaining days. He married Elizabeth
Jessey, who was born, reared and died in Russell
county. It was in that county -that Mrs. Toner
was born on the 2Oth of July, 1814, and she lived
in her native state until twenty-two years of age.
She then married W. W. Long and came to this
county in 1836. They cast in their lot with the
pioneer settlers and Mr. Long was connected with
the early development of the county until his
death, which occurred August 6, 1843, his re-
mains being interred near his farm in Kinderhook
township.

William G. Toner resided in Adams county for
a few years before coming to Pike county. He
was a farmer by occupation and here settled
on sections 16 and 24, Kinderhook township,
where he owned and operated three hundred and
forty acres of rich land, being considered an en-
terprising farmer of the community. In his
family were four children : Joseph C. ; Louise J.,
the wife of C. H. Kennedy, who resides near
Kinderhook ; Elizabeth J., who married Ed
Ferguson and after his death became the wife
of George H. Leggett, their home being in Barry ;
and Frances E., who married G. C. Lock, and
lives in Kinderhook. The father of this family
was a stalwart republican and was a member of
the Methodist Episcopal church, taking a deep
and active interest in the church and Sunday-
school work. He devoted the last years of his
life entirely to the various activities of the church
and his life was an honorable one, character-
ized by many sterling qualities. He was well
known as Uncle Billy and he was loved and es-
teemed by all who knew him. He died June 13,
1903, at the age of eighty-five years and his

394

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

memory remains as a blessed benediction to his
friends, his neighbors and his family. His wife
had passed away in 1893.

Joseph C. Toner was educated in the public
schools of Kinderhook township and acquired a
limited education in the old stone schoolhouse
near his father's place. He remained at home
until twenty-eight years of age and then took up
his abode in the village of Kinderhook, where
he began life for himself as a partner of David
Devole in a general store, which they conducted
for four months, when Mr. Devole sold out to
John Clutch, who thus became a partner of Mr.
Toner. This relation was continued for four
and a half years, since which time Mr. Toner
has been alone in the business. For twenty-five
years he engaged in dealing in farm implements,
but has now retired from that branch of trade.
He has been in the hardware business since 1885
and keeps a large line of shelf and heavy hard-
ware, pumps, etc. For ten years he has acted as
postmaster of Kinderhook and he gives his po-
litical allegiance to the republican party. For
three terms he served on the school board, has
also been village trustee and collector and for
several terms has served as alderman.

In 1872 Mr. Toner was married to Miss Sarah
Gertrude Leggett, who was born in Barry town-
ship, Pike county, on the I5th of May, 1851, her
parents being Alexander Blair and Margaret
(Philips) Leggett, who came from Kentucky
to Illinois at an early day, settling in Griggsville
when there was only one house there, while later
they removed to Barry township. The father was
a contractor and subsequently conducted a saw-
mill. In later years he removed to Kinderhook,
where he conducted a drug store. In the family
were thirteen children, eight of whom reached
adult age. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Toner have been
born eight children, of whom three are now liv-
ing: William Gray, Walter F. and Mary Mar-
garet. Those deceased are : Ethel, Sydney, Erma,
Cecil and Joseph.

Mr. Toner is a member of the Odd Fellows
lodge, No. 757, of Kinderhook, which he joined
on its organization, having formerly belonged to
Barry lodge, No. 336, I. O. O. F. and he was a
charter member of the Encampment at Barry.

He is likewise identified with the Modern Wood-
men camp at Kinderhoqk and his wife is con-
nected with the Rebekahs, the Eastern Star and
with the Baptist church. Mr. Toner is one of the
most energetic and wide-awake business men of
Kinderhook, his labors being a potent element
in the commercial activity of the village and to
his own labors may be attributed his success. In
public office as in private life he has justly merited
the confidence and regard of his fellowmen and
his life work shows forth many sterling traits.

HON. B. T. BRADBURN.

Hon. B. T. Bradburn, who is serving for the
second term as county judge of Pike county and
makes his home in Pittsfield, was born on a farm
near Huntsville, Missouri, when the late Rebel-
lion was at its highest. His parents were Alex-
ander M. and Emily E. (Jameson) Bradburn,
natives of Ohio and Kentucky respectively, his
grandfather on his father's side being one of the
first sheriffs of Scioto county, Ohio. They re-
moved to Missouri and after the Civil war came
to Pike county, Illinois, where they lived on
various farms but for twenty-five years re-
sided in Martinsburg township, where their
children were reared. The father died Septem-
ber 10, 1890, when sixty-three years of age.
He had served in various township offices and was
a most highly respected citizen, devoted to the
welfare of the community at large and of his
family, giving to his children good educational
privileges and thus equipping them for the prac-
tical and responsible duties of life. His widow,
at the age of seventy-three years, is now living
in Pittsfield. In their family were six sons and
two daughters. David N. Bradburn, the eldest,
is married and follows farming and school teach-
ing in this county; Mark S., the present state's
attorney of Pike county, is living in Pittsfield
with his mother; Mary E. is the wife of J. G.
Waggoner, of Martinsburg; BarnaT.isthe nextof
the family; Dr. Benjamin P. Bradburn, of Lin-
coln. Illinois, is a graduate of the Keokuk Med-

B. T. BRADBURN

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

397

ical College of Keokuk, Iowa, and also pursued
a post-graduate course in the Bellevue College
and Hospital of New York city, and for fifteen
years he has been successfully engaged in prac-
tice, also conducting a drug store in Lincoln. John
L. Bradburn, of Whitehall, Illinois, is married and
formerly followed farming but is now acting as
fireman at the Whitehall Tile Works. Cammie B.
is the wife of R. E. Rush, a prominent and
wealthy farmer, of Detroit, Illinois. Charles T.
owns and operates a fine farm in Newburg town-
ship.

Judge Bradburn, reared in this county, after at-
tending the high school of Pittsfield, continued his
studies in Jacksonville, Illinois, in the Central
Normal College, at Danville, Indiana, and Well's
School for Principals and Superintendents at Ore-
gon, Illinois. For several years he engaged in
teaching, being connected with educational work
in Helena, Montana, in 1891, and his last work of
that character covered three years spent as prin-
cipal of the schools of Vermont, Illinois. He had
read law at different times under the direction of
Hon. W..E. Williams and was admitted to the bar
November 22, 1889, before the supreme court of
Illinois. Returning to Pittsfield in 1894 he en-
gaged in practice in connection with Averill Bea-
vers, then states attorney. In 1897 he was elected
city attorney of Pittsfield on a temperance ticket
and before his term expired was nominated for
the office of county judge on the democratic
ticket. His election followed, with a re-election
four years later, so that he is now serving for the
second term. Since coming to Pittsfield he has
so directed his labors as to gain recognition as one
of the representative citizens and lawyers of Pike
county, being actively connected with a profession
which has important bearing upon the progress or
stable prosperity of any section or community,
and one which has long been considered as con-
serving the public welfare by furthering the ends
of justice and maintaining individual rights. He
has great respect for the dignity of judicial place
and power and as a result of that personal char-
acteristic the proceedings of his court are always
orderly upon the part of every one — audience,
bar and the officers from the highest to the lowest.
His opinions are fine specimens of judicial

thought, always clear, logical and as brief as the
character of the case will permit.

On the ist of January, 1890, Judge Bradburn
was married to Miss Martha Belle Moyer, a native
of this county and a daughter of the late Solomon
Moyer, of Barry, a pioneer of Pike county and a
prominent citizen. Judge and Mrs. Bradburn
have two children : Mamie Lenore, born January
3, 1894; and Terrill Moyer, born November 27,
1896. Both are attending the Pittsfield schools.
The parents are members of the Christian church
and socially Judge Bradburn is a Mason, belong-
ing to the lodge and chapter at Pittsfield.

JOSHUA -KING- SITTON.

Joshua King Sitton is a representative of one
of the early families of Pike county and has not
only witnessed its entire growth but has been an
important factor in developing its agricultural in-
terests. • His pioneer labors were well rewarded
and his activity continued in later years with
gratifying success until he is now living in hon-
orable retirement from further business cares in
a comfortable home in Pittsfield. Moreover he is
a veteran of the Civil war, in which he fought
bravely for the defense of the Union.

A native of Missouri, Mr. Sitton was born in
Lincoln county on the 25th of November, 1824.
His father, Jesse Sitton, was for a number of
years a minister of the Baptist church. His birth
occurred in Virginia, on the nth of March, 1783,
and he died in Detroit township, Pike county, on
the ist of November, 1832. The history of the
family, however, can be traced still further back,
for Joseph Sitton, the grandfather, was a native
of Scotland. He served as a soldier of the Revo-
lutionary war and for a short time was held as a
prisoner. Following the close of hostilities he
continued to live in the new world and died at an
advanced age in Missouri. Rev. Sitton was also
a soldier, rendering active service to his country
in the war of 1812. He had removed from his old
home in Virginia to Tennessee and in the latter
state enlisted. He won promotion to the rank of
orderly sergeant and continued with the army un-

398

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

til after the cessation of hostilities. In 1816 he
removed from Tennessee to Lincoln, Missouri, be-
ing one of the early settlers of the locality, where
he lived for twelve years upon a farm. He then
came to Pike county in 1828 and was one of the
pioneers of Detroit township, but his career of
activity and usefulness was cut short by his death,
which occurred when he was a comparatively
young man. In early life he had married Miss
Sallie Haney, who was born in Virginia, October
24, 1788, and died in 1851, in Pike county, Illi-
nois. She was a daughter of James Haney, a
native of Scotland. Twelve children were born
unto Mr. and Mrs. Sitton, namely: Terrell P..
Eliza P., William H., Jehu, Anna M., Jeffrey B.,
Caroline, Joshua K., Lydia K. and Linnie A.,
twins, Felix G. and Jesse B. Only one brother
of our subject is now living — Jeffrey B. Sitton,
who resides in Detroit township.

Joshua Sitton was but four years of age when
brought by his parents from his birthplace in Mis-
souri to Pike county. His education was ac-
quired in the early schools of Detroit township,
which he attended through the winter months,
while in the summer seasons he worked upon the
farm, aiding in reclaiming the tract of wild land
for cultivation. He was married on the 6th of
October, 1847, to Miss Mary A. Heavener, a na-
tive of Sangamon county, this state, born in 1831,
and a daughter of Jacob Heavener, one of the
early settlers of Illinois. Her father was a close
friend of Abraham Lincoln, who was his captain
during his services in the Black Hawk war. Mrs.
Sitton had four brothers who were soldiers of the
Civil war : John, who also served in the Mexican
war ; William, who was killed in the battle ; James
D., and Thomas. All are now deceased. She has
three living sisters : Mrs. Emily Hanley, who re-
sides with Mr. and Mrs. Sitton ; Mrs. Nancy
Goble, of Detroit township, this county ; and Mrs.
Irene Owenby, of San Francisco, California.

Following his marriage Mr. Sitton took his
bride to the old homestead farm, which had come
into possession of his father when the country was
new and unsettled. The tract comprised eighty
acres of rich land and through years of hard toil,
guided by sound judgment, he added annually to
his capital and thereby was enabled to increase

his landed possessions until at one time he owned
three hundred and ten acres of choice land. He
still owns two hundred and fifty acres, constitut-
ing a valuble and well improved farm, which is
under a high state of cultivation and is equipped
with an excellent set of farm buildings. While
living on this place Mr. Sitton gave much atten-
tion to stock-raising and his labors were well re-
warded, so that he became one of the moneyed
men of his township. The marriage of Mr. and
Mrs. Sitton was blessed with six children, of
whom two are yet living: Lizzie, born in 1855,
was married, January 20, 1872, to Daniel Hayes
and had two children : Maud, now the wife of
Ross Shaw, a resident of Pittsfield ; and Harry,
who is married and lives in Detroit, Oregon. Aft-
er losing her first husband Mrs. Hayes was mar-
ried, in [une, 1880, to Frank Sanderson, and they
have five children : Lottie, the wife of Roy Ful-
liner, of Detroit township; Jesse, at home; Leta,
the wife of Lee Heavener, of East St. Louis, Illi-
nois; Mary and Joshua, who are also at home.
Nettie, the second living daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. Sitton, is the wife of R. T. Smith, of De-
troit township, and they have four children, all
at home: J. Wesley, Sallie, Leland and Russell.

Jesse F. Sitton, a son of our subject, died in
San Jose, California, October 3, 1887. He mar-
ried Eva G. Benedict and they had one son, Louis
T., who was born July 15, 1876, and married
Pearl Young, of Newton, Kansas, by whom he
has had two children, Jesse J. and Myrtle E. This
family make their home near San Jose, California.

In the year 1849 Mr. Sitton, attracted by the
discovery of gold in California, crossed the plains
to the Pacific coast with an ox-team, being about
five and a half months on the way. He worked
in the mines for a year and then returned home
by way of the Isthmus of Panama and New Or-
leans. His attention was then given uninterrupt-
edly to farm work until 1862, when he volun-
teered for service in defense of the Union, dis-
playing the same patriotic spirit that was mani-
fest by his father and grandfather. He became
a member of Company C, Ninety-ninth Illinois
Infantry, under command of Colonel G. W. K.
Bailey. The regiment was assigned to the Army
of the Tennessee and took part in many important

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

399

battles, Mr. Sitton being under fire at the en-
gagements of Magnolia Hill, Black River and
Raymond. He was also present at the siege of
Vicksburg and while in an engagement at that
place was wounded in the hip, which disabled
him for further field service and he was then
discharged on the 6th of February, 1864. During
his service he was promoted from the rank of
first lieutenant to that of quartermaster, in which
capacity he served for about six months. This
came to him after he was wounded and no longer
able to do active work on the field, but at length
his wound caused his resignation.

Mr. Sitton has held many important offices of
trust in Pike county, serving as justice of the
peace, township enumerator and as school director.
In politics he was originally a whig and cast his
first ballot for Zachary Taylor, but since the or-
ganization of the republican party he has given to
it strong and unfaltering allegiance. Mr. and Mrs.
Sitton are earnest Christian people and since 1871
have been consistent members of the Methodist
Episcopal church. In August, 1887, they re-
moved to Pittsfield and he purchased a comfort-
able residence which they are now occupying.

His rest is well merited because his. life has
been well spent and in his business affairs he dis-
played both industry and integrity. He com-
mands the unqualified regard and trust of those
with whom he has come in contact and his cir-
cle of friends is an extensive one.

GEORGE P. PRIESTLEY.

George P. Priestley, one of the early settlers of
Pike county and a veteran of the Civil war, has
for years been a prosperous farmer and stock-
raiser in this portion of the state, his labors being
carefully directed by sound judgment. He dates
his residence here from 1859 and he claims Eng-
land as the land of his nativity, his birth having
occurred in Lincolnshire on the 7th of October,
1841. His father, the Rev. Frederick Priestley,
was also a native of England, descended from a
long line of English and Irish ancestry. He was
reared in the land of his birth and became a local

minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. By
trade he was a bricklayer and plasterer. Think-
ing to enjoy better business opportunities in the
new world and thus provide a more comfortable
living for his family, he crossed the Atlantic to
the United States in 1851, settling first in Arkan-
sas. A few years later, in 1858, he came to Pike
county, Illinois, taking up his abode in Pleasant
Hill, where he worked at his trade. He became
widely known by reason of his industrial interests
and also through his work as a minister of the
Methodist Episcopal church and he was held in
the highest esteem and regard by all. He spent
his last years in this county and died about 1895.
His wife still survives him and is now a well
preserved old lady of eighty-three years.

George P. Priestley spent the first seventeen
years of his life in the county of his nativity and
was connected with the poultry business. He is
largely a self-educated man, and his advance-
ment in business circles is due entirely to his own
labor and thrift. He came to Illinois in 1859,
joining his father at Pleasant Hill and soon after-
ward he entered the employ of Perry Wells. For
several years he was employed by the month as
a farm hand and on the 7th of August, 1861, in
response to the call of his adopted country for aid,
he joined the army, enlisting as a member of
Company C, Tenth Missouri Infantry. The regi-
ment was sent to Missouri and afterward to the
south and Mr. Priestley participated in the siege
of Corinth and the battle of luka. About that
time he was taken ill and sent to the hospital at
Keokuk, Iowa, from which he was discharged
on account of disability in 1863.

When he had sufficiently recovered Mr. Priest-
ley returned home and continued to work for a
year or two by the month. He was married in
Pike county on the ist of January, 1865, to Mrs.
Mary J. Wells, a widow, the wedding being cele-
brated in Pleasant Hill township. They settled
upon a farm in this township and for two years
Mr. Priestley engaged in the cultivation of that
tract of land, comprising seventy-five acres. Dur-
ing that time he lost his first wife and on the igth
of November, 1866, he was again married in
Pleasant Hill township, his second union being
with Sarah J. Mills, who was born at Clarksville,

400

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Missouri, but was reared in this county. After
renting land for a time Mr. Priestley invested his
savings in a farm in Martinsburg township about
five miles south of Pittsfield, this place compris-
ing one hundred and forty acres. He located
thereon and carried on general agricultural pur-
suits for thirty-two years. His land was placed
under a high state of cultivation and the fields
returned good harvests. In connection with gen-
eral agricultural pursuits he carried on stock-
raising, having cattle, sheep and hogs, which he
fattened for the market. At length he sold his
farm and in 190x3 removed to Pleasant Hill, where
he yet resides. He was a practical fruit-grower
and upon his farm had a thrifty orchard. In all
of his work he was energetic and persevering,
realizing that persistent labor is the basis of all
desirable success.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Priestley have been born
three children, of whom two are living : Mrs.
William Edmonds, who resides at Pleasant Hill ;
and Frederick, who is married and operates his
father's farm in Ross township, a place compris-
ing nearly two hundred acres of land with about
one hundred and seventy acres under the plow.
They also lost one son, Charles P. Priestley, who
was married and died May 3, 1904, at the age of
thirty-six years.

Mr. Priestly proudly cast his first presidential
ballot for Abraham Lincoln in 1864 and has
usually voted with the republican party since that
time. He has served as road overseer and has
done effective service in improving the condition
of the roads. A believer in good schools, he has
labored earnestly to advance the cause of educa-
tion during his nine years' service as a school di-
rector. He and his wife are members of the
Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Priestley having
been connected therewith for over forty years.
In church work he takes an active and helpful
part and has served as trustee and steward. He
likewise belongs to the Grand Army post at Sum-
mer Hill. For nearly half a century he has made
his home in Pike county and has helped to im-
prove it and make it what it is today. Although
he commenced life a poor man at the lowest
round of the ladder he steadily climbed upward
until he reached the plane of affluence. He has

accumulated valuable property, comprising a
large and well improved farm and a good home
in Pleasant Hill. He fought for the old flag of
the Union and his is an honored name in the land
of his adoption.

CAPTAIN BENJAMIN B. HOPKINS.

Captain Benjamin B. Hopkins, who has de-
voted his life to agricultural pursuits with the re-
sult that his labors have been crowned with a
well earned and gratifying measure of success,
now makes his home on section 29, Griggsville
township, where he has excellent farming inter-
ests. He is a native of London, England, born
on the 2d of January, 1838, and represents one
of the old families of that country. His paternal
grandfather, Robert H. Hopkins, was born not
far from the city of London and spent his active
life in County Kent, where he was accidentally
killed by a falling tree. His wife survived him
for some years, reaching the age of seventy.
Their son, Robert Hopkins, father of our subject,
was born in County Kent, England, but made his
home through most of his life in the city of
London. In his youth he learned the trade of a
silk weaver, which he followed for some years
and then became a confectioner, continuing in
that line of business up to the time of his demise.
He married Miss Matilda Bazim, who was a
native of London but was of French parentage
and was descended from Huguenot ancestry. Mr.
Hopkins died when sixty-five years of age and
his wife passed away in 1888, when about seven-
ty-six'years of age. They were devoted members
of the Wesleyan Methodist church. They had a
family of three sons and five daughters, of whom
five are living.

Captain Benjamin B. Hopkins, who was the
second in order of birth and is the only repre-
sentative of the family in Americ'a, spent the first
fourteen years of his life in his native country
and then crossed the ocean as a passenger on the
ship Petersburg, which weighed anchor on the
22d of September, 1852. He landed at New Or-
leans and then came up the Mississippi and I1H-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

nois rivers to Griggsville Landing, Illinois. His
capital was extremely limited and the necessity of
providing for his own support caused him at once
to seek employment as a farm hand. Later he
was employed as a government teamster on the
plains and his experiences included all the priva-
tions and dangers incident to such a life. He
frequently met Indians on his trips but usually
found them friendly and he was careful not to
arouse their hostility. Following his return to
Illinois Captain Hopkins responded to the coun-
try's call for aid, enlisting on the 5th of Septem-
ber, 1861, as a member of Company D, Fifth Illi-
nois Cavalry under command of Colonel Upde-
graff, who was afterward succeeded by Hall Wil-
son, while Colonel John L. McConnell was the
third in charge of the regiment. In December,
1862, Captain John A. Harvey, who up to that
time had commanded Company D, was succeeded
by Captain Hopkins, who held the position until
ill health compelled his resignation in August,
1864. He led his troops in many a hotly con-
tested engagement, inspiring his men by his own
yalor and loyalty. He served at Vicksburg and
other places, acting as a scout and on outpost
duty for some time. Although he was often 'in
the thickest' of the fight he was never wounded
but on one occasion was injured by falling
through a bridge. However, the hardships and
rigors of war undermined his health and eventu-
ally compelled his resignation.

Again taking up his. abode in Pike county,
Captain Hopkins began farming and stock-raising
and has since given his energies to this business.
He has been the owner of valuable land and still
has a fine farm on sections 29 and 32, Griggs-
ville township. Upon the place are good build-
ings, well tilled fields and modern equipments,
and orchards and groves add to the value and
attractive appearance of the place.

In 1864 Captain Hopkins was married to Miss
Ann Simpkin, a daughter of Thomas and Ann
(Wharton) Simpkin, who were natives of York-
shire, England. They were married, however, in
Pike county, Illinois, to which place the mother
had gone in her girlhood days with her parents.
When a young man Thomas Simpkin sought a
home in the new world, settling first in Morgan

county, west of Jacksonville. After some years
he came to Pike county, taking up his abode on a
slightly improved tract of land in Griggsville
township and to the further development of the
farm he gave his attention. At length he sold
that place and bought one hundred and sixty
acres on section 28, Griggsville township. In
1859 he returned to his native country, where he
died a year later at the age of fifty-two years.
In politics he was a Douglas democrat and a
friend of the renowned statesman whose princi-
ples he advocated, Mr. Douglas often being en-
tertained in Mr. Simpkin's home. Following her
husband's death Mrs. Simpkin spent most of her
time with her children and passed away at the
home of her daughter, Mrs'. John Lasberry, in
1886. She was a member of the Episcopal church.
In the family were five children: Vincent, who
died in childhood; Sarah, the wife of John Las-
berry; Mrs. Hopkins; Mary, the widow of Ed-
win Hitch; and Lovina, the deceased wife of
Monroe Yates. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hopkins
have been born eight children, of whom two died
in infancy. The others are: Margaret L., Sarah
L., Matilda, Benjamin B., Robert A. and Ann S.
Captain Hopkins i's a member of Griggsville
lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A. M., having been made
a Mason on the I5th of July, 1873. He belongs
to Union chapter, No. 10, R. A. M.; of Pittsfield,
and Ascalon commandery, No. 49, K. T. Both
he and his wife are members of the Episcopal
church and Captain Hopkins votes with the de-
mocracy. Pie has served as vice president and a
director of the Pike County Fair Association
and has done much for this 'institution, which has
been a factor in stimulating ambition and effort
in behalf of agricultural development in this part
of the state.

GEORGE W. WITHAM.

George W. Witham, who for many years was a
representative of mercantile interests in Perry but
is now living a retired life, found in an active
business career that energy and determination
constitute the basis of success rather than genius
or any fortunate combination of circumstances.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

His life record began at Withamville, Ohio, Feb-
ruary 7, 1834, his parents being Nathaniel and
Jemima (Lane) Witham, who were married on
the 22d of November, 1805. The father was born
at Freiburg, Maine, in May, 1785, while the
mother's birth occurred in North Carolina, De-
cember 12, 1789. They became the parents of
twelve children, of whom George W. is the
youngest, and eleven of the number reached years
of maturity. The father removed to Ohio with
his parents in 1800 and engaged in merchandis-
ing there and also owned two farms from which
he derived a good income. He died July 25,
1847, at tne age °f sixty-two years, while his'wife
passed away on the 28th of January, 1842.

George W. Witham was fifteen years of age
at the time of his father's demise. His youth
was passed upon the home farm and he supple-
mented his early education by study in Clermont
Academy in Ohio. He was married when twenty-
one years of age and, having acquired a liberal
education, he afterward devoted twelve or thir-
teen years to school-teaching, which he followed
through the winter months, while in the summer
seasons he gave his attention to farming. He
was a capable educator and taught for nine years
in one district, his services giving entire satisfac-
tion throughout the community. In 1864, how-
ever, he sold his farm and entered the employ of
A. S. Whittaker & Company at Barry. Illinois,
with whom he remained for ten years. He then
formed a partnership with D. S. Rickett and later
bought his partner's interest. He was then alone
in business until 1898, when he turned his store
over to his son and daughter and is now living a
retired life. He made a creditable record in busi-
ness as a thoroughly reliable merchant who was
honorable in his dealings and put forth every le-
gitimate effort to increase his trade, thereby win-
ning a gratifying measure of prosperity.

On the 28th of October, 1855, Mr. Witham
was married to Miss Mary Ann Downer, of New
Salem. Her parents. George W. and Sarah
(Mills) Downer, were married December 16,
1838. Both were natives of Pennsylvania and the
former died in 1857, while the latter passed away
at the age of seventy-eight years. In their fam-
ily were five children, all of whom have passed

away with the exception of Mrs. Witham. Her
father, devoted his attention to general agricul-
tural pursuits in Ohio until 1851, when he re-
moved to Pike county, Illinois, settling in New
Salem. He afterward purchased a farm in Fair-
mount township, but his death occurred in New
Salem. Mrs. Witham was born February 19,
1841, and with her parents same to Illinois in a
prairie schooner, being sixteen days upon the
road. Mr. and Mrs. Witham have become the
parents of seven children, of whom six are now
living: Charles J., who was born January II,
1857, died August 28, 1865. Collins M., born
November 20, 1859, and now living at Perry,
wedded Mary Lee and has three children. Effie
E., born September 3, 1862, is the wife of "Wil-
liam Hardy, of St. Louis, Missouri, and has one
child. Ellen S., born September 16, 1864, mar-
ried Russell Dunston, of Baylis, and they have
two children. Sarah, born May 16, 1867, 's the
wife of James Akins. Joseph M., born June 22,
1871, married Alice Smith, who died after two
years and he later wedded Mary E. Winter-
botham. Harvey D., born February i, 1874,
married Myrtle Walker, who died leaving three
children and later he wedded Minnie Randall.

Mr. Witham was appointed township treasurer
and filled that position for more than thirty
years, when he resigned. He was also township
collector and treasurer for one term and in the
discharge of his official duties was ever prompt
and faithful, recognizing his obligations to citi-
zenship. He belongs to Perry lodge, No. 95, A.
F. & A. M., and to the Modern Woodmen camp
of Pittsfield. His political allegiance has always
been given to the republican party and he is ever
fearless in defense of whatever he believes to be
right.

CHARLES P. ROBB.

Charles P. Robb, a prominent representative of
real-estate interests living in Pleasant Vale town-
ship, was born on the 3ist of August, 1855, about
a mile and a half west of Pleasant Hill in Pike
county. He was the eldest of the five sons of

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

403

Randolph and Elizabeth Robb and is the only one
now living. His parents were natives of Ohio
and Indiana respectively and they moved from
their Pleasant Hill farm to Kinderhook township
in January, 1867. The mother died in September
of the same year and the father was afterward
again married in 1872. At that time he decided
to sell out and remove to Kansas and Charles P.
Robb, not desiring to go to the west, watched his
chance and ran away from home. He afterward
went to live with an uncle, James Demoin, who
took a great interest in him and sent him to
school, so that he acquired a good English edu-
cation, displaying a special aptitude in his studies.
He afterward engaged in teaching school in the
winter and farmed in the summer up to the time
of his marriage, which was celebrated on the 26th
of March, 1879. Miss Sarah Mygatt, the young-
est daughter of Joseph and Mary Mygatt became
his wife.

The young couple began their domestic life
upon a farm in Kinderhook township, where Mr.
Robb carried on general agricultural pursuits un-
til March i, 1883, when he removed to Pleasant
Vale township, where he purchased the farm
which had been the childhood home of his wife.
Through his excellent management and keen
judgment as a farmer and dealer in stock he was
soon able to pay for his farm and also have some
surplus capital. In 1889 he was appointed agent
for Colonel Price, of Quincy, Illinois, to have
charge of and look after all of his lands in Pike
and Adams counties. To this work he assiduous-
ly applied himself and gained much of the expe-
rience which has contributed so largely to his
success as a land dealer in later life.

In 1890 he remove to New Canton and there
entered on a somewhat different mode of living.
He was chosen justice of the peace, which posi-
tion he filled for eleven years. He also read law
to some extent and his practice in the justice
courts was attended with a gratifying measure
of success. This line of experience was also of
much benefit to him later in life, as he was always
able to write all documents necessary to trading
in land, doing it without assistance and so per-
fectly that he never became involved in law suits.
He had always been interested in the lands of the

Mississippi bottoms and, possessing keen saga-
city and an optimistic mind, he believed that some
day this land would become very valuable, al-
though at that time it was regarded as compara-
tively worthless by most people because of its liti-
gation in the Bond suit and also by reason of the
lack of drainage and improvements. Mr. Robb
however, was not afraid to risk his chances, hav-
ing firm faith in the future value of the property.
In 1901 he admitted Charles Card to a partner1
ship in the land business and together they in-
vested in much of this bottom land. In 1902 the
Bond suit was forever settled and then it was that
the people began to realize the worth of the bot-
tom lands. An excellent business sprang up and
Mr. Robb and Mr. Card bought and sold about
ten thousand acres in that year, their business op-
erations amounting to a quarter of a million dol-
lars. Lands in that locality have advanced from
fifteen and twenty dollars to one hundred dollars
per acre— a fact which indicates the keen fore-
sight and business discrimination of Mr. Robb.
He and his partner have certainly done much to
build up their community and county. Through
their earnest efforts, zeal and energy even in the
face of many discouragements they have endeav-
ored to make this district as attractive and val-
uable as any to be found and their labors have
been attended with success when viewed from a
material as well as financial standpoint. The firm
is now recognized as among the most prominent
representatives of land interests in this part of
the state and the position to which Mr. Robb has
attained in business circles is indeed an enviable
one.

GEORGE W. CAPPS.

George W. Capps, living on section 12, Mar-
tinsburg township, is one of the prosperous and
up-to-date farmers of Pike county, his landed
possessions comprising two hundred acres of rich
and valuable land. He is one of the native sons
of the county, his birth having occurred April 27
1849, 'n the township which is yet his home. His
father, Daniel Capps, was a native of Tennessee,
where he was reared, coming thence to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE 'COUNTY.

Illinois in early manhood. He was one
of the early settlers of this county, mak-
ing permanent location in Martinsburg town-
ship about 1830. He there opened up a
new farm, performing all the arduous labor
incident to the cultivation of new land, his time
and energies being given to the improvement of
the fields until 1850, when he went to California,
where his death occurred. His wife long sur-
'vived him and reared their family of eight chil-
dren as follows: Nancy, who is the widow of
W. S. Morrison, and resides in St. Louis, Mis-
souri; W. R., who died about 1897; Rachel, the
wife of James O. Lewis, of Martinsburg ; Maria,
the deceased wife of D. P. Lynch; Mrs. Bethena
Lewis, a widow, residing in Nebo, Pike county,
Illinois ; Fannie, the wife of W. H. Gooden, of
Pike county, Missouri ; Lucinda, the wife of
Francis Fowler, of White Hall, Illinois; and
George W.

In taking up the personal history of George W.
Capps we present to our readers the life record
of one who has a very wide and favo'rable ac-
quaintance in this part of the state. He was
reared in his native township and acquired a
common-school education. When fourteen years
of age he started out in life on his own account,
working by the month as a farm hand and in this
way he was employed for ten years, gradually
making progress in the business world as his la-
bor proved of greater value to his employers. In
May, 1874, he was married in this county to
Miss Julia A. Brittain, a native daughter of this
section of the state. He then rented a farm and
continued to operate leased land for several years,
when, with the capital he had saved from his
earnings, he purchased one hundred and sixty
acres on section 9, Martinsburg township. There
he carried on general farming for twelve years,
when he sold that property and in 1892 bought
two hundred acres on section 12, Martinsburg
township. He has a good farm, on which he has
erected a basement barn and he has also built to .
and remodeled the house. His labors have made
this a well improved property and in addition to
tilling the soil he is raising good grades of stock.

Politically Mr. Capps is a stanch democrat but
has never sought or desired office. His wife is

a member of the Christian church and he belongs
to New Hartford lodge of Masons, in which he
has filled all of the chairs save that of master.
His entire life having been passed in this county,
he has become widely known and has witnessed
the greater part of the development that has
brought the county up to its present state of
progress and improvement.

HON. WILLIAM ELZA WILLIAMS.

Hon. William Elza Williams, at one time con-
gressman from the sixteenth district, which in-
cluded Pike county, and a prominent member of
the Illinois bar, was born in Detroit township,
this county, on the 5th day of May, 1857. His
father, David A. Williams, is a native of North
Carolina, born July 22, 1832. The paternal grand-
father, John A. Williams, was also a native of
North Carolina and was of English descent, the
original family having come from England to
Virginia prior to the Revolution. Emigrating
westward, he became one of the pioneer settlers
of Pike county, settling in Detroit township in
1834. His father, Dory Williams, was a soldier
of the war of 1812, and his grandfather, William
Williams (the great-great-grandfather of the sub-
ject of this sketch), was a soldier in the war of
the Revolution.

David A. Williams was only two years old when
brought by his parents to Pike county, and they
were among the early settlers of Detroit town-
ship, sharing in the hardships and privations in-
cident to the establishment of a home upon the
frontier. Educational privileges were limited,
farm machinery was crude and much arduous la-
bor was required in order to bring the soil to its
present high state of cultivation. Assisting in
the task of developing a new farm, David A. Wil-
liams thus grew to manhood, and having arrived
at years of maturity he was married to Miss Em-
ily A. Hayden, a daughter of Louis E. Hayden,
a native of Virginia and one of the early settlers
of Newburg township, coming to Pike county
from Kentucky in 1835. The young couple began
their married life upon a farm in Detroit town-

W. E. WILLIAMS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

409

ship and for many years Mr. Williams devoted
his energy to agricultural pursuits, but now re-
sides in Pittsfield. In the family were eight chil-
dren.

William Elza Williams, the second in order of
birth, attended the district schools until eighteen
years of age, when he entered Illinois College at
Jacksonville, there remaining for three years. In
the midst of his literary course he determined upon
the practice of law as a life work, and entered
upon preparation for the profession as a student
in the office of Irwin & Johnson, one of the strong
law firms of Pittsfield. He pursued his reading
until admitted to the bar in 1880 before the ap-
pellate court of the first district in Chicago. He
thus entered upon his professional career well
equipped for the work.

Mr. Williams located for practice in Pittsfield,
and in the course of a few years his success was
so marked that he became favorably known as a
leading representative of the legal profession in
the county and in April, 1887, was elected to the
office of state's attorney, which became vacant
through the resignation of H. C. Johnston. He
was a fearless and forceful prosecutor, and his
capability in the discharge of his duties won for
him re-election in 1888 for the full term of four
years, and he thus served until 1892. His brother,
A. Clay Williams, was admitted to the bar in
1893, and they formed a partnership under the
firm style of Williams & Williams, which rela-
tion was maintained until 1896, when the brother
was elected state's attorney, and served two terms,
or until 1904, after which the firm of Williams
& Williams was again organized and so continues
to the present time. In 1898 he formed a partner-
ship with W. L. Coley, as Williams & Coley,
which firm continued during the time of Mr. Wil-
liams' service in congress. In 1902 Mr. Coley
removed to East St. Louis and Mr. Williams en-
tered into partnership with Paul F. Grote under -
the firm name of Williams & Grote, with whom
he was associated until 1905. In 1904 Mr. Wil-
liams was employed as trial lawyer by the Chi-
cago City Railway Company, and remained with
that company for one year, when he resigned his
position and resumed the practice at Pittsfield,
which had been conducted by the firm of Williams
& Grote during his absence.

At the bar he is a strong advocate and wise
counselor. He prepares his cases with great
thoroughness and precision, and in the presenta-
tion of his cause is strong and logical, winning
many notable victories through his thorough un-
derstanding of the law and his correct applica-
tion of its principles to the points at issue. He
ranks among the foremost advocates at the Pike
county bar, famous for its great lawyers.

In August, 1879, Mr. Williams was united in
marriage to Miss Margaret Gallaher, and they
have a daughter, Mabel E., now the wife of Ir-
ving W. Wheeler, of Lockport, New York. Mrs.
Williams was born in New York city and is a
daughter of the well remembered James Gallaher,
of Quincy, who- -was. city librarian of that city
and for ./nanj years was editor of the Quincy
Whig and the 6id Flag: of»Pittsfield. Both Mr.
and Mrs. Williams hold membership in the Con-
gregational church and are highly esteemed cit-
izens with a circle of friends that indicates their
personal popularity and the sociability of their
natures. In politics he has always been a con-
sistent supporter of democratic principles and five
times has been endorsed by his county for con-
gress, receiving the support of the citizens of Pike
county for that office since 1894. In 1898 he was
elected and served for one term, or until 1901,
and while a member of the house he served on
the important committees of territories and re-
vision of laws. He was one of the most promi-
nent members of the fifty-sixth congress, and that
he fully satisfied his constituents, particularly in
his home county, is evidenced by the repeated en-
dorsement of the voters. He was the sitting mem-
ber and also a candidate for renomination before
the famous deadlock convention of 1900 at Jack-
sonville, when two thousand four hundred fifty-
three ballots were taken in selecting a congres-
sional candidate. Mr. Williams was the leading
candidate before the convention, and his defeat
was brought about by a combination of opposing
candidates, who determined by .lot the successful
candidate.

Socially Mr. Williams is a member of the Ma-
sonic lodge and chapter, the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias fraternity
and the Modern Woodmen camp. His entire life
has been passed in Pike county, so that his record

4io

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

is well known to its citizens, who have found
much in his life history worthy of emulation and
admiration. He is ever fearless in defense of po-
litical or other principles that he believes to be
right, and even those opposed to him acknowledge
his loyalty and his integrity in matters of public
concern. He is always progressive and affirma-
tive in all that he undertakes. He never fights
under cover, but always in the open, and has a
large personal following who admire him for his
loyalty to his friends and devotion to any cause
espoused by him.

JOSEPH McFARLAND.

Joseph McFarland, interested in farming op-
erations and also manager of the large elevator
of Shaw, Garner & Company at New Canton,
was born in this town on the I2th of November,
1866, and is a son of George and Irene McFar-
land. The grandfather, the late Joseph McFar-
land, was an early settler and prominent and use-
ful citizen of the county. He was born in County
Tyrone, Ireland, February 11, 1810, and his
father, Joseph McFarland, Sr., was born in the
same house. In 1812 the great-grandfather of
our subject raised a company of eleven men in
his own county and came with them to America,
offering their services to General Jackson in the
war against England. They were equipped, en-
tered the army and Mr. McFarland and four
comrades were killed in the first battle of New
Orleans.

Joseph McFarland, the grandfather, was reared
in the parish schools of his native county and
when fifteen years of age he entered business
life as a cattle dealer, being interested with his
uncle in that enterprise until 1841, when he came
to America to attend to the matter of securing
a pension for his mother, who was a soldier's
widow. From Philadelphia, where he landed, he
went to Boston, where he became ill with ship
fever and was confined to his bed for five weeks.
This illness completely exhausted his capital of
one hundred dollars, so that when he had re-
covered he had but fifty cents remaining. His

clothes, too, and his watch had gone to meet the
expenses of his illness, but he found a friend in
Joseph Allen, who provided him with a good suit
of clothes. He then entered the employ of Levi
Farwell with the intention of earning money to
bring his mother to America, but her death oc-
curred before the fulfillment of his plans. He
continued in Mr. Farwell's employ until the lat-
ter's death, covering a period of ten years and two
months, and with the capital which he had saved
from his earnings, amounting to twenty-five hun-
dred dollars, he then started for Illinois, eventu-
ally reaching Barry, Pike county. He found this
largely an unimproved frontier district with only
here and there a settlement to show that the work
of cultivation had been begun. He purchased
one hundred acres of land in Pleasant Vale town-
ship, where he lived in true pioneer style until
he was able to secure the comforts and conveni-
ences known to the older civilization of the east.
His little cabin house was furnished in primitive
manner and the first chair he ever owned remained
in his possession up to the time of his death.
It contained a calf skin seat and was supposed
to be over one hundred years old. As the years
passed by he prospered, becoming the owner of
one thousand acres of valuable land in Pleasant
Vale township, of which four hundred acres was
fine pasture land. He was for many years ex-
tensively engaged in raising and shipping stock
as well as in the cultivation of his fields. He
erected a fine home upon his farm, occupying a
commanding site upon the bluff and from the
front door he could overlook seven hundred acres
of his estate. The land adjoins the village of New
Canton and although he paid for it but eleven
dollars per acre it now constitutes one of the most
valuable tracts in the county. He erected a large
number of dwellings upon his place and did much
for the substantial improvement of this part of the
state. In politics he was a democrat and his re-
ligious views were in harmony with the doctrines
of the Protestant church. His life was actuated
by a laudable ambition and indefatigable energy
in business affairs, leading to. successful accom-
plishment and in his social relations he was
prompted by a spirit of helpfulness and of gen-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

411

uine friendship and kindliness. He was married
in Ireland in 1835 to Miss Isabelle Brown, who
was also born in County Tyrone and who died
in 1865. Of their family of two children John
died at the age of twelve years, while George be-
came a prominent farmer of Pike county. In
1870 Joseph McFarland wedded Maria Kindrick,
also a native of Ireland. His death occurred in
1893.

George McFarland, father of our subject, was
born in Ireland but spent the greater part of his
life in Pike county, where he was long closely
connected with agricultural interests. The work
of substantial improvement and development
which was begun by his father he continued and
for many years he was a prosperous and pro-
gressive agriculturist of Plecsant Vale town-
ship, having extensive landed interests near New
Canton. He married Miss Irene Gage, a native
of Maine, and continued to make his home near
New Canton up to the time of his death in 1894.

In the public schools Joseph McFarland ac-
quired his education and, entering business life,
he has so directed his efforts along well-estab-
lished lines of activity and enterprise that he is
today reaping a gratifying measure of success.
He is justly regarded as a successful and enter-
prising farmer and useful citizen. His farm
lies just outside the corporation limits of New
Canton and is a most productive tract of land,
upon which he has a beautiful country home and
all modern equipments and accessories. In fact
he is one of the leading representatives of agri-
cultural interests in Pike county as were his
father and grandfather before him. He is also
manager of the large elevator of Shaw, Garner
& Company and is thoroughly familiar with the
grain trade and in this connection makes exten-
sive shipments.

On the 21 st of May, 1890, was celebrated the
marriage of Joseph McFarland and Miss Cora
Willis. Two children, a bright and interesting
boy and girl, have been born unto them. The
parents occupy an enviable position in the social
circles in which they move and Mr. McFarland
is an exemplary Mason. He has held several
township offices and at the present time is a mem-
ber of the school board. His aid and co-operation

may always be counted upon to further any pro-
gressive public movement and he is classed with
the representative men whose life record, well
known to his fellow citizens has won for him their
regard and friendship.

GEORGE W. SHRIGLEY.

George W. Shrigley, living in New Salem
township, is the owner of one hundred and ten
acres of productive and valuable land, on which
he is now carrying on general farming and stock-
raising, making each year quite extensive ship-
ments of stock, whereby his annual income is
materially increased. He was born on Christmas
day of 1847, m Edgar county, Illinois, and is a
son of Andrew, and Sarah (Shiveley) Shrigley,
both of whom were natives of Loudoun county,
Virginia, being born east of the Blue Ridge.
The father's birth occurred July 29, 1812, and
in Ohio he was married to Miss Sarah Shiveley,
who was born August 16, 1815. They removed
from the Buckeye state to Edgar county, Illinois,
where they resided for eleven years and then went
to Iowa, where they remained for two years,
returning thence to Pike county, Illinois, where
the father's death occurred December 21, 1888,
while his wife passed away November 22, 1893.
They were respected by all who knew them as
devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal
church and people of genuine worth who in all
life's relations manifested the traits of character
that ever command good will and trust. His
political allegiance was given to the • republican
party. In their family were seven children, of
• whom six are yet living namely : Harriet J., now
the wife of John Peckham ; Ann E., the wife of
Charles Bickerdike ; George W., of this review ;
James M.; Caroline, the wife of Riley Griffith;
and Emily, the wife of Henry Shinn.

George W. Shrigley spent the first nine years
of his life in his native county and in 1856 went
with his parents to Iowa, whence they returned
to Pike county in 1858. Later, in connection
with his father, he purchased one hundred and
sixty acres of land, which together they improved

412

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and cultivated. All of the modern equipments
upon his present farm have been placed here
through his efforts for when the land came into
his possession it was wild and uncultivated. He
now has one hundred and ten acres which has
been placed under the plow, and from the fields
he annually harvests good crops of the grain best
adapted to soil and climate. In addition to gen-
eral farming he carries on stock-raising, shipping
each year from two to four carloads of stock,
At the present time he has one carload of fine
fat cattle ready for the market and also a carload
of hogs. He is an excellent judge of stock, so
that he never makes a mistake in his purchases
and is able to sell at a good profit.

On the nth of August, 1878, Mr. Shrigley
was married to Miss Lucy Lynch, who was born
October 4, 1848, and is the daughter of Castleton
W. and Miriam (Epperson) Lynch, the former
a native of Knox county, Kentucky, and the latter
of Knox county, Tennessee. When Mr. Lynch
first came to Illinois he invested in eighty acres
of land in Pike county, but afterward sold that
property and bought another farm of two hun-
dred acres. Subsequent to his wife's death he
disposed of the two places and removed to Spring-
field, Illinois, where he was married to Sarah
Linsley. Following her demise he returned to
Pike county, where his remaining days were
passed. He departed this life September u, 1905,
at the very venerable age of eighty-seven years,
while the mother of Mrs. Shrigley died in 1872.
In their family were eleven children, of whom
eight are now living, as follows : John W., Mrs.
Lydia Walls, Castleton W., Hiram T., Carlton
C., Aaron P., Tarltan C. and Jefferson D.

Mr. and Mrs. Shrigley have one daughter,
Georgia, who was born September 4, 1884, and
was married October 6, 1903, to Howard C.
Savage, by whom she has a daughter, Fay Helen.
Mr. Shrigley has never cared for public office,
preferring to concentrate his attention upon his
business affairs, and in his capable management
and through his painstaking efforts he has found
that success may be thus acquired. He belongs
to New Salem lodge, No. 218, A. F. & A. M.,
and also to the United Brethren church. The
greater part of his life has been passed in Pike

county and in his farm work he has found ample
opportunity for the exercise of his talents, win-
ning for himself a place among the representative
agriculturists of his community.

A. CLAY WILLIAMS.

A. Clay Williams, a prominent lawyer of Pitts-
field and former state's attorney, is a native of
Pike county, having been born upon his father's
farm in Detroit township on the 22d of Septem-
ber, 1868. He is a son of David A. Williams, a
sketch of whom is given in connection with the
history of Hon. William E. Williams on another
page of this work. In the country schools of his
native township A. Clay Williams began his edu-
cation, and when he had mastered the elementary
branches of learning he continued his studies in
the Pittsfield high school, from which he was
graduated in the spring of 1887. His collegiate
course covered four years' study in Illinois Col-
lege at Jacksonville, from which he was gradu-
ated in 1891. He afterward took up the study of
law and was admitted to the bar in 1893. He
then entered upon practice in Pittsfield, and soon
afterward was chosen city attorney. In 1896
he was elected state's attorney and held that office
for two terms, discharging his duties without fear
or favor, and to the eminent satisfaction of the
people of the county. He was regarded an able
and forceful prosecutor. Upon his retirement
from office Mr. Williams joined his brother, Hon.
William E. Williams, in the organization of the
present well known and leading law firm in Pitts-
field of Williams & Williams. This firm has a
large clientage, being thus connected with much
of the important litigation tried in the courts of
the district. Mr. Williams has been an earnest
and discriminating student of the principles of
law and of precedent, and prepares his cases with
great thoroughness and care.

On the 3d of January, 1901, was celebrated in
Washington, D. C, the marriage of A. Clay Wil-
liams and Miss Blanche I. Proctor, who was born
in Illinois and is a daughter of Thaddeus H. Proc-
tor. They have two children, David Clay and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Wayne Proctor. Mr. Williams is a democrat
in his political views and is chairman of the demo-
cratic county central committee. His opinions
carry weight and influence in the councils of his
party, and he is reognized as one of its leading
local representatives. In his fraternal relations he
is a Mason, serving at the present time as emi-
nent commander of Ascalon commandery, No. 49,
K. T. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias
fraternity and the Modern Woodmen camp.

Mr. Williams is a strong advocate of the edu-
cation of the young, and believes it is the solu-
tion of many existing social and political evils.
In public addresses, he frequently takes occasion
to promote these ideas and to praise our public-
school system. The people of his home recognize
these facts, and have kept him at the head of its
public schools for a number of years as presi-
dent of the board of education.

LEANDER HADSELL.

Leander Hadsell, living in Barry, farms two
hundred acres in Hadley township, and his prac-
tical, enterprising methods have resulted in bring-
ing him a comfortable competence. He was born
in Allegany county. New York, April 9, 1832,
and pursued his education in the public schools
while spending his boyhood days in the home of
his parents, Jesse P. and Lydia (Berry) Hadsell.
The father, a native of Massachusetts, died in
1857, at the age of sixty-two years, passing away
in Hadley, Pike county. The mother's death oc-
curred in the Empire state. Mr. Hadsell had
come to Pike county in 1844, settling first in
Barry but afterward locating in Hadley township,
four miles east of the city. He there purchased
eighty acres of wild land on which he built a
frame house, splitting the lumber himself, as there
were no sawmills in his vicinity in those early
days. He continued to reside upon the farm
until 1853, when he sold the property to his son
Jesse P., and spent his declining years with his
children. While in New York he engaged in
teaching school but following his removal to the
west devoted much of his time to general agricul-

tural pursuits. He was a member of the Free-
will Baptist church and in politics was a whig.
In the family of Mr. and Mrs. Hadsell were eight
children but only two are now living: Leander
and Stephen B., the latter a resident of Nebraska.
Spending his boyhood days under the parental
roof, Leander Hadsell started out in life on his
own account when about twenty years of age, go-
ing first to New Philadelphia in Hadley town-
ship. In 1857 he began farming for himself in
Hadley township and in 1861 removed to Han-
cock county, Illinois, but on the 15th of August,
1862, he put aside all business and personal con-
siderations and enlisted as a member of Company
A, One Hundred and Eighteenth Illinois Volun-
teer Infantry for three years' service or during
the war. He was mustered in at Camp Butler,
Springfield, Illinois, and proceeded southward to
Alton. Illinois, and by boat to Memphis, Tennes-
see. On New Year's day of 1863 he participated
in the battle of Chickasaw Bluffs, after which he
returned to Arkansas Post under the command
of Colonel Churchill. The Union troops cap-
tured that post and later returned to Youngs-
point outside of Vicksburg. Mr. Hadsell was
also in the battle of Champion Hill, in which his
company lost all of its officers. He and the other
members of the company were detailed to bury
the dead at that place. The regiment went on to
Black River Bridge and on the 22d of May, 1863,
Mr. Hadsell joined his regiment in the charge on
Vicksburg. The One Hundred and Eighteenth
Illinois was afterward ordered back to Black
River Bridge and the troops were mounted there
on horses to do skirmish duty and watch the
movements of General Johnston. They partici-
pated in the Jackson campaign and later were or-
dered back to Vicksburg. In August, 1863, the
order was received to proceed south to Port Hud-
son and then to New Orleans and later they par-
ticipated in General Banks' two expeditions, after
which they returned to Baton Rouge, Louisiana,
and subsequently proceeded northward to Vicks-
burg. There they were dismounted but later were
again mounted and did skirmish duty, being sta-
tioned in that locality up to the close of the war.
Mr. TTadsell was mustered out in October, 1865,
after more than three years of active service. He

4i6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was always found at his post of duty whether
on the firing line or the picket line and he par-
ticipated in a number of important battles and
skirmishes.

When the country no longer needed his serv-
ices Mr. Hadsell returned at once to Pike county
but on the 2oth of February, 1868, left Illinois for
Nebraska and took up a homestead claim in the
county. He then improved and cultivated his
wild land, residing thereon until 1874, when he
gave the property to his son Samuel, who has in
later years sold the farm and is now living in
Wyoming. Mr. Hadsell of this review is now
engaged in the cultivation and improvement of
two hundred and twenty acres of land in Hadley
township but makes his home in Barry.

He has been married twice, his first union, in
1856, being with Miss Harriet Jefferson, a native
of Delaware. They became the parents of three
children, of whom two are now living, Samuel C.
and Ina. In 1874 Mr. Hadsell was again mar-
ried, Mrs. Mary Card becoming his wife. There
are no children by the second union but he has
reared two adopted children, Barbara Gregory
and Cornelius Hinman.

Mr. Hadsell has never cared for public office,
preferring to concentrate his energies upon his
business affairs, yet has been an earnest and stal-
wart advocate of the republican party, believing
that its platform contains the best elements of
good government. He is a member of the Grand
Army post, No. 144, at Barry, and is as true and
loyal to his country and her welfare as when he
wore the blue uniform of the nation and fol-
lowed the old flag upon southern battle-fields.

SAMUEL F. FURNISS.

Samuel F. Furniss, a former mayor of Barry
and one of the oldest contractors and builders of
Pike county, is a native of Baltimore, Maryland,
in which city he first opened his eyes to the light
of day on the I4th of February, 1832. His
father, Thomas Furniss, was born in Chester
county, Pennsylvania, in 1806, but was married
in Baltimore, Maryland, to Elizabeth Thompson,

He was a contractor and builder and a well edu-
cated man. After a number of years' connection
with building operations he was engaged as a
teacher in a high school for several years. Sub-
sequently he turned his attention to general agri-
cultural pursuits and afterward engaged in the
pork-packing business. He was reared in the faith
of the Society of Friends and his home was often
used for meetings of that church. Fraternally he
was connected with the Odd Fellows society in
his early manhood. His political faith was that
of the whig party and for many years he served
as justice of the peace. An earnest Christian
man, he was strictly honest in all of his dealings
and manifested those sterling traits of character
which are usually found among the follftwers of
the religious sect with which he was identified.
He passed away in 1893, at the advanced age of
eighty-seven years, and his wife died in the same
year, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years
and nine months. In their family were six chil-
dren, four daughters and two sons.

When only three years of age Samuel F. Fur-
niss of this review was taken by his parents to
Ohio and his early education was obtained in the
district schools of that state, pursuing his studies
in one of the primitive log schoolhouses of that
period. He afterward finished his education at
Oxford University, in Butler county, Ohio.
After arriving at years of maturity he was mar-
ried on the I3th of December, 1855, to Miss E.
Adeline Pence, who was born in Preble county,
Ohio, where their marriage was celebrated. Her
parents were John and Hannah (Ahart) Pence,
the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of
Butler county, Ohio. In their family were eight
children, of whom four are now living, namely :
Mrs. Furniss ; Mrs. O. R. Emerson ; Mrs. Mahala
Brown, the wife of Mac Brown, who is living
near Barry ; and Joseph, who is residing in Kan-
sas City. Mr. Pence was a farmer by occupation
and on his removal from Ohio to Illinois in 1857,
located near Barry, where he owned a large tract
of land of two hundred and seventy acres, upon
which he carried on general farming, placing his
fields under a high state of cultivation and adding
many modern improvements to his farm. He
was strictly honorable and upright in all his deal-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ings, never owed a man a cent, meeting every
obligation that devolved upon him. Politically
he was a stanch republican, believing firmly in
the principles of the party and in their ultimate
triumph. His church relationship was with the
Methodist denomination.

Mr. Furniss of this review began contracting
and building when twenty-three years of age,
having previously learned the trade. In Decem-
ber, 1856, he arrived in Barry and has been a con-
tractor here for fifty-three years. He had for-
merly conducted a shop in Hamilton, Ohio, but
his health became impaired there and caused his
removal to the middle west. Since locating here
he has led a very busy and useful life and has
erected buildings in Adams and Pike counties,
having been awarded the contract for the con-
struction of some of the finest buildings in this
part of the state. He is today the oldest con-
tractor in this part of Pike county and has done
a greater volume of business than any other man
in his line. In the fall of 1905 he built the new
Barry Hotel and he built the waterworks of the
town in 1895. Many evidences of his handiwork
are seen in the fine residences and other structures
of this city and the surrounding district, includ-
ing his own beautiful home in Barry. His skill
and ability have long been widely acknowledged
and he has kept in touch with the onward march
of progress which is as evident in the builder's
art as in any other line of activity. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Furniss have been born four daughters and
one son, namely: Mrs. Ada F. Booth, who is now
living at home and has two children, Russell and
Enola; Lizzie, the wife of J. W. Moring; Emma,
the wife of Dan Chiningsmith, a resident of New-
ton, Kansas, and has two children, Nina and
Lyle; Mrs. Mary Turner, a resident of Newton,
Kansas, who has two sons, Floyd, who is work-
ing on the railroad, and Lewis^ who is telegraph
operator at Hamilton, Missouri ; and Elmer Fur-
niss, a farmer of Adams county. He married
Katie Peck and after her death wedded Mrs.
Kinncy. He has five children by his first wife,
Earl, Helen, Maud. Jessie and Harold.

Mr. Furniss is a member of Barry lodge, No.
34. A. F. & A. M., and also of Barry lodge, No.
336, I. O. O. F. Both he and his wife are con-

sistent and faithful members of the Methodist
Episcopal church which she joined when only
thirteen years of age. Politically Mr. Furniss is
a stalwart republican and for two years was
mayor of Barry, giving to the city a public-
spirited and beneficial administration character-
ized by reform, improvement and practical meth-
ods. During that time the city building was
erected and curbing and park improvements
made. In his business career Mr. Furniss has
prospered and his life is another indication of
the truth as pronounced by Goethe that "Success
and merit go linked together."

WILLIAM E. TURNBAUGH.

William E. Turnbaugh, teacher, is the son of
Jacob Turnbaugh, who was an early settler of
Pike county, having settled in Pleasant Hill town-
ship in 1827. The subject of our sketch was born
in Pleasant Hill township near the town of
Pleasant Hill, this county, January 6, 1874. He
entered the public schools of Pleasant Hill when
he was nine years of age and on the first day
was filled with an earnest desire of becoming a
teacher, and with his purpose in life thus early
established, he applied himself to his studies with
untiring zeal. His boyhood days were spent on
his father's farm one mile south of Pleasant Hill,
and the time not spent in carrying on the work of
the farm was diligently given to his books. He
applied himself to close study until February 11,
1894, when he passed a very successful exam-
ination before the county superintendent of schools
of Pike county for a first grade teacher's certifi-
cate, and in the spring following he graduated
from his home school, receiving his diploma May
4, 1894.

He began his work of teaching in September,
1894, his first school being taught at Oakland in
Pleasant Hill township. He then taught a spring
term at Cottonwood Grove and the next fall took
charge of the Rock Hill school in Spring Creek
township. That he might better prepare himself
for his chosen work, he entered the Illinois State
Normal University at Normal, Illinois, in 1896,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

where he remained for a year. Returning to his
native county he took up his work at Cottonwood
Grove, teaching there from 1897 to 1900, when
he was employed as principal of the Pearl schools
in Pike county, which position he held for one
year, when he again took charge of the Cotton-
wood Grove school in the fall of 1901, remaining
there until the spring of 1905, when he was em-
ployed as grammar teacher in the Pleasant Hill
schools, which position he now fills.

He has always taken an interest and an active
part in local, county and Four County Teachers'
Institutes, being local manager of the South Pike
Teachers' Association in 1901 and at the present
time is president of the Pleasant Hill Teachers'
Reading Circle and their permanent instructor
in botany and zoology. He has written a number
of strong papers along educational lines and de-
livered to the various teachers' meetings that have
been held in Pleasant Hill, Nebo, Pearl and Pitts-
field, and has proven himself a very fluent talker
and close thinker in discussing matters concerning
education.

Mr. Turnbaugh is an active Sunday-school
worker and is a member of the Christian church,
acting in the capacity of church clerk and finan-
ial secretary. He resides on the farm with his
mother and is known as a man who loves the
associations of books.

A. L. McDANNOLD.

A. L. McDannold, who is now serving as the
county treasurer of Pike county, was born near
Clarksville, Pike county, Missouri, on the 8th of
June, 1846, his parents being Newton and Louisa
(Gaines) McDannold. The father was born in
Mount Sterling, Kentucky, in 1807 and the moth-
er's birth also occurred in that state. They went
to Missouri in 1835. Mrs. McDannold died when
her son A. L. was a year old. The father was a
farmer by occupation, purchased land in Mis-
souri and eventually became the owner of six
hundred and forty acres. He became an extensive
breeder of cattle, hogs, horses and mules, and was
very successful in his business undertakings. In

community affairs he was deeply interested and
became superintendent of turnpike roads, was
also county judge for one term, and at an early
date acted as justice of the peace for a number
of years. His death occurred May 17, 1881, when
he had reached the age of seventy-four years.
He served as deacon in the Baptist church for
forty-five years, and was a faithful Christian
man. By his first wife he had six children, and
by the second marriage there were three chil-
dren. Those still living are: A. L., of this re-
view ; William R., a resident of Missouri ; and
Mrs. Sarah E. Nelson, who is now residing in
Canton, Missouri. These three were born of the
first marriage, while A. H. and Mrs. J. M. Giv-
ens, of Louisiana, were of the second marriage.

A. L. McDannold began his education in the
common schools of Missouri, afterward attended
school at Ashley, Missouri, for a year, and later
became a student in the high school at Clarks-
ville, Missouri. In 1883 he came to Illinois, locat-
in in Pittsfield township, where he lived until
1895. In that year he took up his abode in
Pittsfield, sold his property in Pittsfield town-
ship and bought a farm of one hundred and sixty
acres in Martinsburg township. He since made
his home in the county seat, giving his super-
vision to his farming interests and dealing in live
stock.

On the 28th of November, 1876, Mr. McDan-
nold was married to Miss Mary E. Stone, a
daughter of Llewellyn H. and Mary (Jewell)
Stone, the former born in Virginia in 1817, and
the latter in Kentucky. The father went to Mis-
souri in 1832 and there lived for four years. At
the expiration of that period he came to Illinois,
settling in Pleasant Hill township, Pike county,
where he purchased one hundred and sixty acres
of raw land, which he cleared and improved.
There he lived until 1868, when he purchased
what is known as the Edwards farm of Pittsfield,
the property now being owned by N. B. Stone.
At that place the father resided until the death
of his wife, after which he spent his remaining
days in the home of Mr. and Mrs. McDannold.
He owned a good farm and was in comfortable
financial circumstances. When a young man he be-
came identified with the Christian church, serving

A. L. MjPANNOLD

«vn

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

421

as deacon and later as elder, which office he filled
at the time of his death. His wife passed away
May 12, 1891, while his death occurred April 10,
1895-

Air. and Airs. McDannold have a daughter,
Maud, who attended the high school of Pittsfield,
was a student in music in the Pittsfield Conserva-
tory under Professor Shastid, being graduated
in 1898, and for one year has been a student in
the Jacksonville Conservatory of Music. She is
now acting as deputy in her father's office.

In his political views Mr. McDannold is a
stalwart democrat and in 1900 he was elected
supervisor of Pittsfield, filling the office for two
years. He also served as alderman of Pittsfield
from 1900 until 1902, and on the 1st of December
of the latter year was elected county treasurer
for a term of four years. He has never been de-
feated at any time when a candidate for office,'1
a fact which indicates his personal popularity
and the confidence reposed in him by his fellow
townsmen. He belongs to the Modern Woodmen
Camp of Pittsfield _and is a member of the Bap-
tist church. The family is one of prominence
in the community and the hospitality of many of
the best homes is freely accorded them. In his
business and political career Mr. McDannold has
made a record alike above reproach, and he is
respected as one of the worthy and valued res-
idents of Pittsfield.

HALBERT NELSON GRAY.

No history of Griggsville would be complete
without mention of this gentleman, who was long
connected with its commercial interests and who
is now the owner of valuable farm property in
Pike county. He was born in Barry, Illinois,
January 16, 1849, and acquired his education in
the public schools while spending his youth in
his parents' home. He is a son of Thomas T. and
Mary F. (Crandall) Gray. The father was born
in Rensselaer county, New York, in 1812, and
the mother's birth occurred in the same county.
In the public schools of the Empire state Thomas
T. Gray acquired his education and afterward en-

gaged in clerking. He was married in New York
and subsequently came to Illinois in 1837, settling
at Atlas, whence he afterward removed to Barry.
In the latter town he engaged in merchandising,
pork packing and in buying and shipping grain.
He was also a railroad contractor on the construc-
tion of the old Pike county railroad, now part of
the Wabash system. In order to conduct his store
it was necessary that he haul all his goods from
the Mississippi river, having been brought to the
nearest wharf from Cincinnati. He continued in
merchandising until 1860, after which he turned
his attention to farming in Barry township and
he was the first agent for the Wabash Railroad
Company at 13arrv. His life was a busy
arid useful one and in his old age he
received the veneration and respect which
should-1 'Offer be accorded to those who ad-
vance 'fa'r on life's journey and whose record
is character ized ,-b^y all that is honorable and
straightforward in man's relations with his fel-
lowmen. He died in his eighty-ninth year, while
his wife is now living in Barry at the age of
eighty-five years. This worthy couple were the
parents of four sons and seven daughters : Eu-
gene, who was drowned March 13, 1903 ; Melissa,
the widow of Joseph Haines ; Henry T., deceased ;
Charlotte, the deceased wife of B. H. Rowand ;
Halbert N., of this review ; Josephine, the wife
of James P. Cassidy, who is manager of the
Western Union Telegraph Company residing in
Minneapolis; Fannie G., the wife of William
Stitts, a commission merchant in Chicago ; Hattie,
who married Frederick Ottawa, who is engaged
in merchandising at Fort Madison, Iowa; Flor-
ence, who was married to Harry Breeden, man-
ager of one of the Carnegie plants in the town of
Carnegie, Pennsylvania ; Gertrude, who married
Ed Clements, now living in Alabama ; and Eddie,
who died in infancy.

Halbert Nelson Gray acquired a public-school
education and in early manhood was married to
Miss Emily R. Scribner, the wedding being cele-
brated June 6, 1876. Mrs. Gray was born in
Brooklyn, New York, and in 1872 came with her
widowed mother to Pike county, Illinois. She
was the only child of Joseph and Juliette (Blanch-
ard) Scribner, both of whom were natives of

-422

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Westchester county, New York. Her father was
a newspaper man, who put aside a profitable busi-
ness at the time of the Civil war in order to de-
fend the Union cause.

Mr. Gray started in business for himself when
only fourteen years of age, chopping and haul-
ing wood for two families. He afterward en-
gaged in making ice-cream and for two seasons
conducted the business. In 1865 or 1866 he went
to work for Captain M. D. Massie at New Can-
ton and remained in his employ for two years and
three months. He next took a trip through the
west, visiting Kansas and Arizona, after which
he returned to Barry, at which time his father
was station agent at that place. Mr. Gray then
took charge of the railroad and express business
and was offered a position by both the president of
the railroad and of the express company. Later
he entered the employ of Louis Angle, his uncle,
with whom he remained until September, 1872,
when he took charge of the supply stores of Pike
and Hollister. While with his uncle he saved his
earnings and built a home for his father and
mother. He continued to save his wages and
while working on the levee he took time checks
for his work and thus lost some six hundred dol-
lars, for the firm failed. Then borrowing one
dollar from his uncle, Mr. Gray came to Griggs-
ville on the nth of March, 1873, and entered the
employ of C. M. Simmons, a grocer, for whom
he worked for ten months at seventy-five dollars
per month. On the expiration of -that period he
formed a partnership with Bryant and Baxter,
the relation being maintained until 1876, when
Mr. Gray purchased., his pirtners' interest. The
following year, however, he sold out to E. W.
Baxter, and gave his attention to the live-stock
and grain business, in which he continued until

1879. He then took charge of the Jacksonville
packing house at Jacksonville, Illinois, and in

1880, in connection with J. B. Morrison and
Charles T. Kenney, he built the elevator at
Griggsville. He then had charge of the grain
business, which he conducted until 1887, when
he went to Kansas City, Missouri, and purchased
an interest in a grocery store, but the following
year sold out there and returned to Griggsville.
Here he took charge of the dry-goods business

owned by W. W. Kenney and conducted the store
until 1898, when the firm became H. N. Gray &
Company, Mr. Gray remaining at the head of the
institution and becoming sole proprietor in 1903.
He conducted the store with good success until
January, 1905, when he closed out the business
and is now practically living retired. He owns,
however, seven hundred acres of fine land and
gives personal supervision to his property. He
also has five hundred acres of land in Minnesota
and likewise property in Missouri and California.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Gray have been born two
children. Shirley E., who was born April 4, 1877,
and served in the Spanish-American war as a
member of Battery A under Captain Rumboldt,
was graduated from Griggsville high school when
seventeen years of age and afterward attended the
State University. He also attended the Colum-
bia University at New York city for two years
and at one time taught in Fairport College at
Wichita, Kansas, having charge of the classes in
chemistry and physics, and is now filling a gov-
ernment position in the Philippine Islands. The
daughter, Molly B., born April 30, 1880, is the
wife of Walter D. Humiston, assistant auditor of
the Twin City Rapid Transit Company of St.
Paul and Minneapolis. The children have both
been afforded excellent educational privileges and
Mrs. Humiston is likewise a graduate of the
Griggsville high school.

Mr. Gray is a member of Pike lodge, No. 73,
I. O. O. F., and he favors the Episcopal church,
of which his wife is a member. In politics he is
an earnest advocate of republican principles and
served as mayor of the city for two terms. He
was also a member of the school board for sev-
eral terms and alderman for fifteen years and he
gave tangible evidence of his devotion to the gen-
eral good in his active co-operation in many meas-
ures that have been of permanent and lasting ben-
efit to Griggsville. Each step in his business ca-
reer has been carefully and thoughtfully made
and as the years advanced he has prospered
through his unfaltering diligence, economy and
capable management. To those familiar with his
history it will seem trite to say that he has risen
unaided from a place of comparative obscurity to
rank with the leading business men of Griggsville,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

423

but it is only just to say in a history that will de-
scend to future generations that his business ca-
reer has been such as any man might be proud
to possess and it has excited the admiration and
won the respect of his contemporaries.

CHARLES H. DOSS, M. D.

The consensus of opinion on the part of the
public and the profession concerning Dr. Charles
H. Doss, of Pittsfield, has been most favorable
during the forty-five years of his connection with
the medical fraternity, and he is the honored fam-
ily physician in many a household, where his pro-
fessional services have been retained through long
years. He was born in Simpson county, Ken-
tucky, February 19, 1834, a son of Joel Burgess
Doss, who was a native of Kentucky and of Saxon
ancestry. He was a minister of the Baptist
church and also a physician of the allopathic
school. He married Miss Mildred Hurt, a daugh-
ter of Charles Hurt, who was a native of Ken-
tucky and of Welsh lineage. Judge Hurt, of
Texas, and Captain Hurt, of Barry, Illinois, are
relatives of Dr. Doss, and many of the repre-
sentatives of the family are found in various sec-
tions of the southern states.

Dr. Doss was one of twelve children and his
school privileges were limited, he educating him-
self from the age of fifteen years. He was reared
in and near Hopkinsville, Kentucky, until twenty
years of age, in the meantime serving an appren-
ticeship to the milling business. He then came
to Illinois, arriving in Jacksonville with only
twenty-five cents in his pocket. For five years he
continued to make his home in Morgan county,
acting as superintendent of the Waverley Mills at
Waverley. In the fall of 1859 he went to Car-
rollton, Greene county, this state, and entered the
office of Dr. A. W. Bowman, an eclectic physi-
cian, under whose direction he read medicine dur-
ing 1860 and 1861. In the fall of the latter year
he matriculated in the Eclectic Medical College,
at Cincinnati, Ohio, which he attended for a year,
after which he began to practice in Fayette.
Greene county, Illinois, where he remained from
May, 1862, until November, 1867. He then took

up his abode in Manchester, Scott county, where
he practiced until the spring of 1876. In the
meantime he had attended lectures and was grad-
uated from the Eclectic Medical Institute at Cin-
cinnati. In the latter year he came to Pittsfield,
where he has since resided and for almost thirty
years has been engaged in active practice here.
A liberal patronage has always been accorded him
and though the old school of physicians were
strongly opposed to his methods he has ever en-
joyed their personal regard and good will and has
steadily gained in public favor. His professional
business has been gratifying and his efforts have
been attended with a large measure of success,
but in sixteen years he lost twenty-five thousand
dollars by breeding trotting horses, five stallions
dying, which cost him twelve thousand dollars.
Throughout the years, however, he has followed
his profession with untiring zeal and unfaltering
devotion, and in 1870 he joined the National Ec-
lectic Medical Society of Chicago, of which he
has since been a member. In 1868 he became a
charter member of the Illinois State Eclectic So-
ciety, in which he has at various times held all
the different offices, being its president in 1878.
He has prepared many papers for the state and
national associations and for different medical
journals and through his relationship with the
medical societies has kept abreast with the most
modern thought of the age, concerning the scien-
tific practice of medicine.

Dr. Doss was married in 1856 to Miss Mar-
garet Thresher, a daughter of J. M. Thresher, of
Morgan county, Illinois. Eleven children have
been born unto them, of whom nine reached years
of maturity. Two are now graduates of medical
colleges, two of dental colleges and one of the
veterinary college at Toronto, Canada, while one
of the daughters married a dentist, another a
physician, a third a tobacco jobber, while a fourth
is the wife of O. W. Fullman, of St. Louis. Since
1856 Dr. Doss has been a devoted member of the
Christian church and his first wife was also one
of its members. Her death occurred in January.
1895, and in 1896 he was again married, his sec-
ond union being with Mrs. Ellen Wilson, of Chi-
cago, the widow of the late R. W. Wilson, for-
mer circuit clerk of Pittsfield.

424

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Fraternally Dr. Doss has been connected with
the Masons for forty years and has taken the
Royal Arch degree. Since attaining his majority
he has affiliated with the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows and he is also a member of the
Knights of Pythias fraternity and the Ancient
Order of United Workmen. He cast his first vote
in 1855 for Richard Yates, the candidate of the
American party for congress, and in 1864 he
voted for Abraham Lincoln. He did not vote
again until 1876, when he cast his ballot for Peter
Cooper, the candidate of the greenback party, and
twenty years later he voted for William Jennings
Bryan. He has always been very independent in
politics, however, supporting principle rather
than party, nor has he desired office for himself.
The cause of education has found in him a strong
and stalwart friend and he has given excellent
educational opportunities to his children, all of
whom are graduates of good schools. Fifteen
young men have studied under Dr. Doss in prep-
aration for the practice of medicine. He has been
medical examiner for various life insurance com-
panies for several years and is now the president
of the United States pension board. His genuine
personal worth and kindly spirit have gained him
warm friends, while his laudable ambition, his
close study and his unremitting diligence have
made him a prominent representative of the pro-
fession which stands as the safeguard of health.

OSCAR F. JOHNS.

Oscar F. Johns, deceased, who was identified
with farming interests in Pike county, was born
in Chambersburg, this county, December 14, 1842.
His parents were James and Theodosia (William-
son) Johns. The father was born in Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania, February 12, 1812, and the
mother's birth occurred in Cincinnati, Ohio, De-
cember 29, 1814. They were married in Cincin-
nati and on leaving Ohio removed to Chambers-
burg, Pike county, Illinois, in 1837. The father
was a cooper by trade and followed that pursuit
in Chambersburg until 1846, when he purchased

one hundred and twenty acres of timber land
in Perry township, the first transfer being made
to him for sixteen hundred acres. Later he
bought an adjoining tract of one hundred and
twenty acres and at his death left a valuable estate
of two hundred and forty acres. He was a pio-
neer cooper of the county and in his farm work
was enterprising and capable, his labors proving
resultant factors in the acquirement of success.
He acted as supervisor of Perry township for
many years and was prominent and influential
in community affairs. He voted with the demo-
cratic party, supporting the principles advocated
by Jackson and he was a member of the Christian
church at Chambersburg. His last years were
spent upon his farm, where he died March 24,
1875, his wife surviving until November 5, 1889.
In their family were nine children but only one is
now living, Winfield S., who is engaged in the
real-estate business in Hannibal, Missouri.

Oscar F. Johns supplemented his public-school
education by study in the Gem City Business
College at Quincy. He was married January 7,
1869, in Pittsfield, and in the. same year removed
to Montgomery county, Kansas. He filed one hun-
dred and sixty acres of land, which he believed
to be in Kansas, but when the survey was made it
was found that one-half of it was in the Indian
Territory. He built a log cabin, in which he lived
for five years, or until 1874, when he returned
to Pike county, settling in Perry township four
and a half miles northeast of the village of Perry.
There he turned his attention to farming and as
his financial resources increased he added to his
property from time to time until he was the
owner of two hundred and eighty acres, which is
now in the possession of his widow and which
she rents, and there he carried on farming and
stock-raising. In his business he was active, en-
ergetic and determined and his well directed
labors enabled him to acquire a handsome
property.

At the time of the Civil war Mr. Johns re-
sponded to his country's call for aid, enlisting on
the 1 5th of August, 1862, as a member of Com-
pany C, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, with
which he served for three years, or during the
war. Ik- was under command of Captain M. D.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

425

Massie and was discharged July 31, 1865, at
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, while acting with the
department of the gulf.

In 1869 Mr. Johns was married to Miss Mary
A. Norris, who was bom in Brown county, Ohio,
February 16, 1843, and is a daughter of James
P. and Louisa (Morgan) Norris, both of whom
are natives of Ohio, the former born March 24,
1818, and the latter February 2, 1820. They were
married in Ohio August 17, 1840, and Mr. Norris
died June 20, 1864, while his wife passed away
January 12, 1879. They were the parents of nine
children, of whom five are now living: Elizabeth,
who was born July 20, 1841, is the widow of
Osmond Cutting and resides in Metropolis, Illi-
nois. Mrs. Johns is next in order of birth. Harden
H., born January 31, 1849, m Ohio, is married
and resides in Perry. Charles H., living in
Mount Sterling, Illinois, married Angela Hick-
man. Hiram E., born in 1856 in Perry, resides
in St. Joseph, Missouri, and married Anna Reed-
er. The parents, Mr. and Mrs. Norris. came to
Illinois in 1849, settling in Perry, where the
father was a carpenter by trade, building many
houses not only in the village but also in the sur-
rounding country. He was a prominent and in-
fluential citizen whose labors were a factor in the
public progress and for eighteen years he served
as justice of the peace. He held membership
in the Christian church of Perry and also be-
longed to Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M.
He took his first degree in a brick house near the
town for there was no lodge room at the time.
His death occurred June 20, 1864, and his wife
died January 12, 1879.

Mr. and Mrs. Johns became the parents of
six children : Maud M., born in -Kansas, Feb-
ruary 20, 1871, was married March 20, 1897, to
Charles Whitaker, and died March i, 1898;
James J., born July 17, 1873, is a civil engineer of
Washington now engaged in laying the Idaho
Railroad; Oscar M., born September 20, 1875,
died August 30, 1876; Inez J., born July 20, 1877,
is the wife of Henry Buchanan of the state of
Washington; Alice Rowena, born June 2, 1880,
is at home; Roy W., born August 10, 1883, is
a civil engineer and railroad man also living in
the state of Washington.

Mr. Johns was a member of Crippen post,
G. A. R. at Perry and became its first commander.
He took an active interest in the welfare of the
old soldiers and thoroughly enjoyed meeting
with his army comrades and in recalling the ex-
periences of the tented fields. His political alle-
giance was given to the republican party and he
was unfaltering in support of its principles. He
served as supervisor of Perry township for five
years and did all in his power for the general
good along modern lines of improvement and
advancement. He was likewise a devoted mem-
ber of the Christian church in Chambersburg,
to which his widow yet belongs. He died De-
cember 18, 1893, respected by all who knew him
by reason of his honorable business methods, his
enterprise and what he accomplished. He was
faithful in friendship, loyal in citizenship and
devoted to his family, and he left behind him the
priceless heritage of an untarnished name.

ROBERT M. WEEKS.

Robert M. Weeks, living on section 5, New-
burg township, is one of the active and up-to-date
farmers of Pike county, who owns and operates
a neat and well improved farm of eighty acres.
He is a native son of the county, having been
born in Griggsville township on the 22d of May.
1854. His father, John A. Weeks, was a native
of Ohio and a son of Ezekiel Weeks, a native
of Maryland, who when a young man came west,
locating in the Buckeye state. John Weeks was
reared to manhood there, but desired to make for
himself a home in a new country and he, too,
journeyed westward as far as Pike county, set-
tling in Newburg township. For two years prior
to his marriage he was employed as a farm hand
and afterward rented land for two years. He
then purchased forty acres on section 5, New-
burg township, and cleared and improved this
farm, on which he built a residence. Unto him
and his wife were born four chilren, of whom
three reached years of maturity, Robert M. being
the second in order of birth. The wife and mother
died in 1858 and John Weeks was afterward mar-

426

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ried to Martha Wachacer, a native of Pike county
and a daughter of John Wachacer. They had
eight children, of whom five reached adult age.
John Weeks died in 1893 and his second wife
still survives him, now making her home with her
son, John W. Weeks.

Robert Weeks was reared to manhood upon the
old homestead farm, which he assisted in improv-
ing and cultivating. He also attended school
when he could be spared from the work of the
fields. In his twentieth year he went to Ohio,
where he was employed at farm labor for two
years, after which he returned to Pike county
and spent one year. On the expiration of that
period he made a trip to New Mexico for his
health arfd while there worked on the construc-
tion of the St. Louis and San Francisco railroad,
which is now known as the Santa Fe line. He
remained there for about a year, after which he
again came to Pike county and entered the em-
ploy of Moses Duran, with whom he remained
for seven years. On the expiration of that period
he rented a farm from Mr. Duran for eight years,
so that his business relations with that gentleman
continued for fifteen years and throughout the
entire time were mutually pleasant and profitable.
Mr. Weeks next purchased the old home place
from his father and a forty-acre tract of land ad-
joining and he now has a model farm property.
He has erected a good residence, also a substan-
tial barn and other outbuildings and in fact he
has buildings for everything upon the place, in-
cluding all of the stock and the crops and the va-
rious improvements here found stand as monu-
ments to his thrift and industry. His place is
well fenced and a young orchard of twenty acres
is coming into good bearing. He feeds all of his
own grain and also buys when needed to fatten
his hogs for the market.

On the 2jth of September, 1884, Mr. Weeks
was united in marriage to Miss Phoebe Crane, a
daughter of Lafayette Crane and a sister of Dr.
Crane of Pittsfield, who is represented elsewhere
in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Weeks have had
three children, but two of the number died in in-
fancy. The surviving daughter is Maude, a young
lady at home, who has become a successful school
teacher and is at present in charge of the Green-

field school. Politically Mr. Weeks is a democrat
where national issues and.tjuestions are involved,
but locally votes independently. He has served
on the board for one term as assessor and dis-
charged the duties of the office in an able manner,
but he has refused to hold other positions of po-
litical preferment, giving his time and attention to
his farm and business. He belongs to the Mod-
ern Woodmen camp at Pittsfield and he is highly
esteemed in the community where his entire life
has been passed. His business interests are so
capably directed that his labors are now bringing
him gratifying success and as the architect of his
own fortunes he has builded wisely and well.

GEORGE MCFARLAND.

The family name of McFarland has long fig-
ured prominently in public life' in Pleasant Vale
township and Pike county and its representatives
have ever been men of business reliability and of
considerable prominence in local affairs. The
paternal grandfather of our subject was Joseph
McFarland, now deceased, who became a pioneer
settler of Pleasant Vale township, where he car-
ried on general farming interests and became
well known and highly esteemed. His son, George
McFarland, was born in Ireland and came to the
United States with his parents in early life, the
family home being established in this county.
Having arrived at years of maturity he wedded
Miss Irene Gage, a native of Louisiana, and
among their children was George McFarland of
this review. His birth occurred in New Canton
on the 24th of November, 1870, and he has spent
his entire life here. He early became familiar
with the labors of the farm and has since attain-
ing his majority given his attention to the tilling
of the soil and raising of stock. He is practical
and methodical in all his business affairs and has
become a successful farmer, whose annual pro-
duction of crops and stock have made him a sub-
stantial citizen of his community.

On the J3th of December, 1892, was celebrated
the marriage of George McFarland and Miss
Dora Shipman and unto them have been born

PAST AXD PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

427

four children, two sons and two daughters,
namely : Eva, Georgei; John and Edith.

Mr. McFarland gives his political allegiance
to the democratic party and has been a member
of the board of supervisors two terms. His alle-
giance to the general welfare is a well known
factor in his life and he brings to bear upon all
matters of public concern earnest consideration
and keen discrimination and when once his mind
is made up concerning a course of action he
stands by his principles and belief with unfalter-
ing loyalty.

THOMAS M. MARTIN.

Thomas M. Martin, who is now living retired
at the Barry Woolen Mills about half a mile from
the city of Barry, was born in Rails county, Mis-
souri, May 6, 1845, and is a son of George S. and
Ann (Small) Martin, the former a native of Vir-
ginia and the latter of Kentucky. The father
came to Pike county, Illinois, in March, 1846, and
settled at Little St. Louis. He was a millwright
by trade and at that time a Mr. Israel was build-
ing the first grist mill in that part of the county
and Mr. Martin began working there, in fact
came to Pike county for that purpose. He was
employed in the mill for many years and also
worked in other mills in the county. Subse-
quently he purchased a farm near Mt. Carmel
church, which is located between Barry and Pitts-
field, and there he lived up to the time of his
death, giving his attention to the care and super-
vision of his land. He was a stanch democrat
in his political views until 1860, when he joined
the ranks of the new republican party, which
stood loyally by the Union and so continued up
to the time of his demise. In his family were five
sons and four daughters, of whom four sons and
two daughters are yet living, namely : Thomas
M. ; James, who resides in Colorado Springs.
Colorado : Edwin, who is living in northern Kan-
sas ; Harvev, of California ; Mrs. Virginia How-
land, of Pittsfield, Illinois; and Mrs. Sarah
P>ridgeman. of Rails countv, Missouri.

Thomas M. Martin was educated in the public
schools of Pike county, but his privileges in that
direction were extremely limited. He attended
school for only a brief period during the winter
seasons and when fourteen years of age started
out in life on his own account, entering the em-
ploy of John T. Brown, for whom he worked at
seven dollars per month. Subsequently he as-
sisted in laying the Wabash Railroad that crosses
the county and afterward entered the Wike
woolen mills. While thus employed he formed
the acquaintance of Mr. Wike's daughter, whom
he afterward married. He continued in the em-
ploy of others until November, 1869, when he
began farming on his own account and has since
been identified with agricultural interests in
Barry township. He first lived on eighty acres of
land which belonged to his wife and he has since
added to the property until they own one hun-
dred and thirty acres in Pike county. Mr. Mar-
tin has always been a great lover of fine stock and
ever kept high grade animals upon his farm.

It was on the 4th of November, 1869, that Mr.
Martin was united in marriage to Miss Laura
Wike, who was born in the same house where
she now resides and it was here that the wedding
was celebrated. Her natal day was August I,
1850, and her parents were George and Laura
(Stevens) Wike. She is a sister of the Hon.
Scott Wike, who served in the state legislature
and was elected three times to congress. He
was one of the most distinguished citizens of
Pike county and in addition to the legislative and
congressional honors which were conferred upon
him he served as first secretary to John G. Car-
lisle when that famous Kentucky statesman was
secretary of the United States treasury. Mr.
Wike acted in that capacity for eight years. He
was a properous and prominent business man
and he won the friendship of many of the leading
citizens of the nation during his connection with
congress and political interests in Washington.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Martin have been born
seven children who are yet living and one who is
deceased. Harry, who was educated at Lombard
University in Galesburg, Illinois, is a machinist,
who wedded Mary Shay and lives in Quincy.
K'lsa. who was educated in Lombard Universitv

428

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

at Galesburg and in the Gem City Business Col-
lege in Quincy. Wallace is a resident of Chi-
cago. Eva married Robert Maxwell and died in
February, 1902. George is at home. Blanche is
the wife of Earl Schulte and lives in East St.
Louis. Bertha is the wife of Winfield Peters, a
graduate of Pennsylvania colleges, and they re-
side in Hannibal, Missouri. Scott is at home.

In his political affiliation Mr. Martin is a demo-
crat. In 1898 he retired from active business life
and has since been living quietly with his esti-
mable wife in his pleasant home about a half mile
from Barry. He has traveled quite extensively
in old Mexico and the west. Almost his entire
life has been passed in Pike county and here he
has a very wide and favorable acquaintance, for
the sterling traits of his manhood have been such
as have won for him unfaltering trust and high
regard. Mrs. Martin, too, is greatly esteemed
by all who know her and they certainly deserve
mention among the representative people of the
county.

GEORGE WIKE.

George Wike, for many years a most valued
and honored citizen of Pike county and an im-
portant factor in its industrial development, was
born in the state of Pennsylvania on the banks
of the Big Spring in Cumberland county in the
year 1807 and at the age of six months he was
taken by his parents to Ohio, the family home
being established and maintained in Stark county
for about seven years. He was a son of George
and Mary (Polly) Wike. The former was born
August 29, 1781, and died December 17, 1825, at
the age of forty-four years, three months and fif-
teen days, at Big Spring, Pennsylvania. In 1812
he joined the United States army and served
under General Harrison throughout the second
war with England, at the close of which he ob-
tained an honorable discharge, the paper being
still in possession of his descendants. He then re-
turned to his home and family in Ohio, but in
1814, having become dissatisfied with the Buck-
eye state, he went back to Pennsylvania with his
family, settling on the same farm from which

he had removed in 1808. There he remained
up to the time of his death. He was a true
patriot, who had an ardent love for his country
and he was also a devoted Christian man. On
the 3ist of March, 1803, George Wike, ST., mar-
ried Miss Mary (Polly) Essig, who was born in
Pennsylvania, November 15, 1782. She was a
daughter of Simon Essig, who was born Decem-
ber 27, 1754, and died March 18, 1852, aged
ninety-seven years, two months and twenty-one
days.' His wife bore the maiden name of Juliana
Market and was born April 15, 1761, while her
death occurred August 30, 1844, at the age of
eighty-three years, four months and fifteen days.
Their daughter Mary (or Polly) became the wife
of George Wike, Sr., and after her husband's
death she remained upon the homestead farm in
Pennsylvania for several years and then emi-
grated to Pike county, Illinois, with her children,
her death occurring at the home of her daughter.
Mrs. Eliza Guss, near Barry, October i, 1862,
when she had reached the age of seventy-nine
years, ten months and ten days. She, too, had
lived a devoted Christian life, leaving to her fam-
ily a memory which remains to them as a blessed
benediction. Unto George and Polly Wike were
born nine children. John Wike, born May 21,
1804, died in July, 1871. He married Jane Mc-
Cachen and had three children. Joseph Wike,
born April n, 1806, married Abigail Mills My-
ers, had ten children and died March 15, 1881.
George Wike is the third of the family. Sarah
Wike, born February 21, 1810, died October n.
1826. Eliza Wike, born February 21, 1812,
married William Guss, December 26, 1841, had
seven children and died October 10, 1895. Wil-
liam Wike, born November 22, 1813. wedded
Hannah M. Heagy in Cumberland county, Penn-
sylvania, in January, 1842, had four children and
died October 22, "1850. Polly (Mary) Wike,
born December 21, 1815, was married January
17. 1843, in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, to
William Myers, had four children and died Au-
gust 6. 1887. Rebecca Wike, born September 14.
1818. was married about 1845 to Jacob Myers, of
Cumberland county. Pennsylvania, had two chil-
dren and died December 22, 1854, near Barry.
David J. Wike, born July 16, 1821, was the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

youngest of the family and died June 10, 1882.
He was married November 18, 1847, to Drusilla
Orr and they had six children.

George Wike, the third son of George and
Polly (Essig) Wike, remained with his mother
about six months after the death of his father and
then made a trip through Canada, where he re-
mained eight months, visiting many points of
scenic interest, including Niagara Falls. He then
returned to Pennsylvania, where after spending
a short time with his mother he bound himself
for two years to complete his knowledge of the
manufacture of woolen goods.' He then joined
his brother in the manufacture of woolen goods
in Pennsylvania and after about three years they-
removed to Erie, Pennsylvania, where they car-
ried on business for four years. In 1838 they
sold out there and came to Illinois, settling in
Adams county, where they continued in the same
business for six years, at the end of which time
they disposed of their interests in Adams and re-
moved to Barry township. Pike county, where
George Wike erected a large and well equipped
building, in which he began the manufacture of
woolen goods on an extensive scale. This was
the first establishment of the kind ever started in
Pike county and Mr. Wike was the first person
who ever started a spinning machine of any
kind in the state of Illinois. He continued in ac-
tive connection with the business up to the time
of his demise, being extensively and successfully
engaged in the manufacture of high grade
woolen goods. He was the principal partner in
the enterprise, which gained an almost world-
wide reputation because of the large amount of
its product and the excellent quality of the manu-
factured article. This business proved of the
utmost value to the community, furnishing em-
ployment to a large number of operatives and at
the same time proving a gratifying source of in-
come to Mr. Wike and the other stockholders of
the business.

On the 25th of September, 1831, Mr. Wike
was married in Cumberland county, Pennsyl-
vania, to Miss Catherine Ann Grubb. who was
born July 3, 1813. They traveled life's journey
happily together for about eight years and them
were separated by the death of the wife, who

passed away at Quincy, Illinois, August 27, 1839.
Unto them had been born four children. Ressa-
bella, born October 5, 1832, died March 4, 1833.
David Scott, born April 6, 1834, died January 15,
1901. Rebecca Jane, born August 13, 1836, died
in 1878. William P., born July 26, 1839, died in
1845. Of this family David Scott Wike attained
distinction and became a recognized leader in
public thought and opinion in Pike county. He
was called to represent his district in the state
legislature and then further political honors were
accorded him, for he was thrice elected to con-
gress and for eight years served as first secretary
to John G. Carlisle, secretary of the treasury un-
der President Cleveland. He was likewise promi-
nent in business circles and his private life and
public career reflected credit and honor upon the
county which honored him. Rebecca Jane, the
other member of the family who reached adult
age, was married September 17, 1855, to Pliny
B. Fuller, who died September 30, 1881. They
had two children, George and Scott Fuller.

After the death of his first wife George Wike
was married, January 18, 1841, to Mrs. Laura
Ann Crouch, who was born October 25, 1821,
and died June 14, 1851. They had four children.
George Wike, the eldest, was born May 24, 1843,
married Miss Rachel C. Baird, January 15, 1865,
and resides at Barry. They had two children,
Lilla, and George, who died in infancy. Sarah
A., born October 6, 1845, at Barry, was married
April 26. 1864, to George W. Perry. Geddes M.,
born April 7, 1848, was married November 17,
1873, to Dena Whitehead and they reside at
Riverside, California. They have one child.
Laura Ann, born August I, 1850, the wife of T.
M. Martin, whose sketch is given above. After
losing his second wife George Wike wedded Mrs.
Alzina C. McDaniel, who was born in 1826.
Their wedding was celebrated December 19,
1852, and she now resides at the old homestead
near Barry.

The death of Mr. Wike occurred February 28,
1880. at his home near the P>arry Woolen Mills,
when he was seventy-three years of age. He
was fully identified with all matters of public in-
terest, was a promoter of many measures for the
general good and for many years was prominent

432

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

in connection with the efforts made to secure the
building of the Hannibal & Naples Railroad. His
credit was unlimited and his reputation unblem-
ished. He was one of the charter members of the
Masonic lodge at Barry and attained high rank
in the fraternity. He was so uniformly esteemed
and loved that his death came as a personal loss
to the great majority of citizens in Pike county.
Perhaps no better account of his connection with
Masonry nor indication of the regard in which he
was held by his brethren of the craft could be
given than by quoting the resolutions prepared
by the members of his lodge. The article was
headed, "In Memoriam ; An Alarm At the Outer
Door of Our Lodge." It read as follows : "The
knock, though not unfamiliar, yet every heart
feels an icy chill creeping over it as the ominous
sound falls upon the ear. Each knows too well
that sentry-guarded doors are no obstacles to the
entrance of the 'white-winged messenger,' death.
No plea will be accepted that we are in the midst
of our work or at refreshments. The gavel and
the trowel must alike be laid aside when he si-
lently enters our mystic circle. We can not but
look one to another, with expressions of sub-
dued anxiety when we consider 'who is next to
answer his summons?'

"This time he crosses the threshold, but slowly,
and moves silently by the middle-aged and strong,
and gently lays his icy fingers upon one in the
sere and yellow leaf of autumn, who, like the
ripened sheaf, needs but to be garnered. We
follow the body of our brother to the tomb and
with the sacred rites of our order deposit therein
the earthly remains of Brother George Wike.
The door shuts and the crypt stands closed till the
sound of the gavel in the Great East.

"Brother George Wike, Sr., died February 28.
1880, aged seventy-two years and three months.

"The early history of Masonry in Pike county
is largely indebted to his zeal and fostering care,
and for more than forty years he was a constant
worker in our order. Failing health during the
past few years prevented his regular attendance
at our meetings, but his fidelity to Masonry re-
mained until his death.

"He was a man of sterling qualities, and so
recognized bv his fellow citizens and Masonic

brethren. When so good a man, distinguished
alike for his zeal, ability and many virtues, is
taken from among us, it is meet and proper that
this order pay due respect to his memory, and
testify in the most sincere manner that the mem-
bers revere his virtues, and deeply mourn his
loss. The warp and woof of such lives are made
up of golden cords which draw mankind nearer
to each other. Therefore

"Resolved, That in the death of Brother George
Wike, Sr., this order has lost an honored member,
the fraternity a worthy Mason, and this com-
munity a good citizen and an honest man.

"We shall miss him in our counsels, in our so-
cial relations, and in the daily walks of life.
Let us cherish his memory, and unite in extend-
ing our sympathy to his family and friends.

"J. j. TOPLIFF,

"E. A. CRANDALL,
"J. G. MCKINNEY,

"Committee.''

E. C. WINANS.

E. C. Winans, at one time an active and lead-
ing representative of business interests in Pitts-
field but now living retired, enjoying in the even-
ing of life a well earned rest from labor, was born
in New Jersey, May 5, 1830, his parents being
Jonas W. and Sarah (Stiles) Winans. The father
was born in New Jersey and there resided until
fifty years of age, when in 1846 he came to Pike
county with his family, settling two miles south
of Pittsfield, where he had purchased a farm in
1844. • He had visited the state in that year, after
which he returned to New Jersey and then with
his family once more came to Pike county in 1846.
He owned two hundred acres of fine land, forty
acres of which was covered with timber, while
the remainder was cultivable, and he converted it
into rich fields. For ten years he lived upon that
farm and then, selling the property, purchased
thirty acres now included within the corporation
limits of Pittsfield. He spent the remainder of his
days in the county seat, passing away in 1878, at
a ripe old age. In his family were five sons and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

433

ihrt'c daughters, of whom three sons and two
daughters are yet living, as follows : Isaac, a
resident of Walla Walla, Washington; E. C, of
this review ; William Parkhurst, also a resident of
Walla Walla ; Airs. Augustus Dow, who is living
in Pittsfield ; and Mrs. Elizabeth Hubbard, whose
home is in Springfield, Illinois.

E. C. Winans was educated in the common
schools of New Jersey and when sixteen years of
age came to the west. At that time he entered
upon his business career as a carpenter in the em-
ploy of Brown & Lane, leading contractors of
Pittsfield. He was identified with carpentering for
twenty years and then turned his attention to the
furniture and undertaking business as a partner
of A. W. Plattner. They conducted the business
successfully until 1896, when Mr. Winans with-
drew from the firm and has since lived retired.

In 1857 was celebrated the marriage of E. C.
Winans and Miss Margaret Rose, of Rensselaer
county, New York, born August 31, 1836, her
parents being E. D. and Rozena (Allen) Rose.
Her father, coming to Pike county, Illinois, in
1839, located in Newburg township a half mile
east of Pittsfield, where he owned and cultivated
one hundred and sixty acres of land. In his fam-
ily were nine children, of whom five are living,
namely: Holly, a resident of California, Mrs.
Elizabeth Davis, who is living in Hadley town-
ship, this county ; Mrs. Charlotte E. Smart, whose
home is in Laddonia, Missouri ; Daniel, who re-
sides in Xewburg township; and Mrs. Winans.
The mother was a member of the Baptist church,
while the parents of our subject held member-
ship in the Congregational church.

Mr. and Mrs. Winans have a son, Park H., who
was educated in St. Louis. He married Miss
Mabel Green and they reside in Hillsboro, Illi-
nois, where he is engaged in the practice of den-
tistry.

Air. Winans votes with the republican party.
He owns a fine cottage in Pittsfield, where he and
his wife reside and he likewise has other property
in the city. Accompanied by his wife, however,
he goes each winter to Florida, where he also has
property interests. Their time is now devoted to
the enjoyment of life's pleasures and Mr. Winans'
rest from labor is well merited, for through many

years he was actively and honorably connected
with commercial pursuits in Pittsfield. A self-
made man, he worked his way upward step by
step, advancing by reason of his close appli-
cation, strong purpose and trustworthy business
methods. He has the confidence and good will
of his fellpw townsmen and the consensus of pub-
lic opinion classes him with the representative
citizens of Pittsfield.

JOHN W. DORSEY.

John W. Dorsey has a state-wide reputation
as a stock-dealer and has engaged extensively in
the breeding and raising of sheep and hogs. He
has thoroughly acquainted himself with the best
breeds of farm animals and has done much to
improve the grade of stock raised in Illinois and
adjoining states, thus contributing in direct and
substantial measure to the general prosperity as
well as to individual success.

Mr. Dorsey is a native of Perry township,
born March 22, 1853, and is a son of Alexander
and Jane (Fox) Dorsey, both of whom have
passed away, the father's death having occurred
in 1894, while the mother died in 1896. They
were the parents of six children, four sons and
two daughters, all of whom are yet living.

Mr. Dorsey of this review pursued his education
in the public schools and started out upon an in-
dependent business career when twenty years of
age, giving his attention to general farming and
raising fine stock. As the years passed by he
concentrated his energies more and more largely
upon stock-raising and dealing and he has fed
a large amount of stock and made extensive ship-
ments to the Chicago and St. Louis markets. At
the present time he is farming about two hun-
dred acres of land, which he has brought under a
high state of cultivation. In 1878 he rebuilt his
house and in 11104 he made some additions there-
to until now he has a fine home. There are also
good barns, stock pens and all the latest im-
provements upon his place together with the best
machinery for facilitating the work of the fields.
He was formerly quite extensively engaged in
breeding sheep, making a specialty of fine Oxford

434

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Down, Shropshire, Cotswokl and Merino sheep.
He continued in this business extensively until
1894, having brought to Pike county a carload
of pure bred sheep from Canada, also one from
Pennsylvania and one from Michigan. He was
engaged in business with his father and brothers
under the firm name of A. Dorsey & Sons, and
after his father's death, under the name of Dor-
sey Brothers, until 1901, and at present with his
sons as J. W. Dorsey & Sons. His name has be-
come well known in connection with the breeding
of hogs and he is today the owner of the pioneer
herd of Chester Whites, having continued in this
business from 1868, when a mere boy, to the
present time. His hogs have been winners of
more prizes in late years than any other herd in
the world. The firm won eighteen prizes at the
World's Fair in St. Louis in 1904, and also won
one hundred and eighty-five prizes on their herd
of Chester Whites in 1902, including all champion
and herd prizes at nine state and national exposi-
tions, as follows : All first and second prizes in-
cluding sweepstakes boar and sow at the Mis-
souri State Fair; at the Towa State Fair, aged
boar first, yearling boar third, under year boar
first and third, aged sow first, yearling sow first,
under one year first, aged herd first, bred by ex-
hibitor first, young herd first, bred by exhibitor
first, get of boar first and second, champion boar
first, bred by exhibitor first, champion sow first,
bred by exhibitor first : at the Minnesota State
Fair, aged boar first, yearling boar first, under
one year first, second and third, aged sow first,
yearling sow first and second, under year sow
first, second and third, aged herd first, young
herd first, champion boar and sow : at the Wis-
consin State Fair, aged boar first, yearling boar
first, under year boar first, second and third,
aged sow first, yearling sow first and second,
under year sow first, second and third, sou un-
der six months first, get of boar first, champion
boar and sow; at the Indiana State Fair, a^rd
hoar first, yearling boar second, under year boar
first and second, aged sow second, yearling sow
first and third, under year sow first and third,
aged herd first, young herd first, five head get of
one boar first, pair under one year old first, cham-
pion boar and sow, also Standard Chester

Record Association special ; at the Kentucky
State Fair, aged boar first, yearling boar second,
under one year first and second, boar under six
months first, aged sow first and second, yearling
sow first and third, under year first and second,
under six months first, aged herd first, young
herd first, get of boar first, champion boar and
sow ; at the Illinois State Fair, all first and sec-
ond prizes, including herd prizes; also champion
boar and sow ; at the great St. Louis Fair, all
firsts and seconds, including herd prizes; also
champion boar and sow ; at the International Ex-
position. Chicago, aged boar first, yearling Ivor
first, under year boar first, boar under six months
second, aged sow first, under year sow first and
second, under six months first, aged herd first,
young herd first and third, get of boar first and
second, champion boar and sow. Mr. Dorsey is
also agent for south Missouri lands and for Okla-
homa and Kansas lands and conducts excursions
to those districts on the first and third Tucsdavs
in each month. lie is a man of splendid business
ability, executive force and keen discrimination,
readily recognizing possibilities and improving
these by determined and earnest effort.

Mr. Dorsey has been married twice. On the
27th of October, 1872, he wedded Sarah Jane
Ham, who was born in Chambersbnrg township,
October 31, 1856, and died in September. iS-!;.
They were the parents of five children, a sun am!
four daughters : Lizzie, born June 29, 1874 : Mary
L., July 16. 1876; Minnie B.. July n, 1878;
Alexander. November 29, 1880; and Leta M.,
March 13, 1885. The son was in business with
his father and brothers and looked after the ex-
hibits at all the state fairs and expositions. He
was a very intelligent and enterprising yinm<r
man and his death, which occurred April ('•>. nio.v
was deeply regretted. On the loth of November.
1886, Mr. Dorsey was again married, his second
union bein- with Mrs. Ella (Bond) Rlake. P.v
this marriage there are five children : Fern F..
born September 20, 1887 ; Glen H.. October 22,
1888: Otis I!.. March 23. 1890; Genevieve, Janu-
ary 25. 1890: and Dean Wilson. September Ci.
1904.

Mr. Dorsev gives his political support to the
republican party, but is without aspiration for

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

435

office. He belongs to the Church of Christ, to the
Mutual Protective League of Pike county and
to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at
Perry — associations which indicate the character
of the man. for he is loyal to the teachings of
these different organizations. Deeply interested
in everything pertaining to agricultural progress
and development, he was secretary of the Perry
( Irauge and also its master for two terms and was
appointed by ( invernor Yates one of the delegates
to the farmer's c< ingress held in Texas. He is
ever watchful for methods for the improvement
of the community along agricultural lines and he
belongs to that class of representative American
men who while advancing their individual suc-
cess also contribute in substantial measure to the
work of public progress and prosperity.

EDWARD R. RUST.

Edward R. Rust, deceased, who was connected
with agricultural interests in' this county and by
an active, useful and honorable life won the re-
spect and esteem of his fellowmen, was born in
England, February 15, 1837. His father, Edward
Richard Rust, also a native of that country, came
to America in 1852, leaving England on the I5th
of May of that year. He brought with him his
family, including six children, namely : Edward
R., then fifteen years of age; Louisa, aged thir-
teen ; Martha, ten ; Rebecca, eight ; Theresa, six
years of age ; and Charles, four years of age. The
father was a well educated man and the son of
a lawyer. The family landed in New York and
thence made their way to Jasksonville, Illinois,
where they resided for seven years and during a
part of that time Edward Richard Rust was in
an attorney's office. Mrs. Edward R. Rust of
this review now has in her possession the pas-
sengers' contract ticket that the family had when
they came to America.

In the schools of England, Edward R. Rust
began his education, which he continued in Illi-
nois. He came from Jacksonville to Pike county
in 1859, and, having learned the blacksmith's
trade, he followed that pursuit until 1863, when

he purchased a farm in Fairmount township near
Perry, spending eight years thereon. He bought
another farm in Fairmount township, one mile
west of his first farm of seven hundred twenty
acres, on which he spent his remaining
days with the exception of a period of six
years, during which time he lived in Baylis. He
removed to Baylis in 1887, there remaining until
1893, after which he returned to the farm
whereon he resided until 1904. His health then
failed and he again took up his abode in Baylis,
where he continued to reside until his death, which
occurred on the nth of January, 1905.

Mr. Rust had been married on the 5th of Oc-
tober, 1861, to Miss Margaret N. Robison, who
was born October 17, 1841, and was a daughter
of Henry and Margaret (Taylor) Robison, both
of whom were natives of Pennsylvania, and were
of Irish lineage. The father came to Pike county
at a very early day, when this country was little
else save an unbroken wilderness. However, he
cleared a tract of land and in the midst of the for-
est built a log cabin and added other improve-
ments to the farm. Settlers were very few in
this part of the county at that time and the family
lived in true pioneer style. For some years Mr.
Robison carried on farming near Pittsfield, but
later removed to Adams county and subsequently
took up his abode in Clayton, Illinois, where about
1855 he built a brick store. He afterward re-
turned to Pike county and located near Perry,
where he spent his remaining days, his death oc-
curring in March, 1867. He was a very success-
ful man and accumulated much wealth. In the
family were five children.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Rust were born seven
children. Henry R., born November 17, 1863,
married Hattie Tripplett, and they have eight
children. He is a fanner and resides in Fairmount
township. Mary Ann, born in January, 1867,
is the wife of William Henthorn, a resident farm-
er of Fairmount township, and they have three
children. Emma H., born in January, 1870, mar-
ried Wilson Potter, a fanner residing in Fair-
mount township, and they have seven children.
Rebecca, born October 16, 1872, is deceased.
Charles E., born November 14, 1875, has passed
away. Alice G., born September 15, 1879, is

436

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

also deceased. Myrtle, born December 16, 1885,
is the wife of Kyle Seaborn, a resident of Fair-
mount township.

Mr. Rust was the owner of seven hundred and
twenty acres of fine land at the time of his death
and left this property to his wife and children. He
was a very successful man, and did everything
in his power to promote the welfare and enhance
the happiness of his family. He re'garded no per-
sonal sacrifice on his part too great if it would
benefit those depending upon him. During the
time he lived in Fairmount township he was su-
pervisor there for several years. His good quali-
ties won for him the respect of all with whom
he was associated and in his business life he dis-
played integrity, close application and unfaltering
diligence that resulted in the acquirement of a
handsome competence. His widow still survives
and is well known in the community where she
makes her home. She belongs to the Methodist
Episcopal church of Baylis, is interested in its
work, and is widely and favorably known in so-
cial circles here.

MULFORD K. FARRAND.

Mulford K. Farrand, who follows farming on
section i, Pittsfield township, was a native of
Griggsville, Pike county, born December 28, 1856,
his parents being Elbridge G. and Elizabeth J.
(McWilliams) Farrand. His maternal grand-
father, Hon. James McWilliams, was one of the
early legislatures that this county sent to the gen-
eral assembly of Illinois. He was born in Bel-
mont county, Ohio, March 12, 1802, and was a
£on of Alexander McWilliams, whose birth oc-
curred on shipboard while his parents were sail-
ing to America in the year 1776. The family is
of Scotch lineage and the ancestral home was at
Brownsville, Pennsylvania, in which state Alex-
ander McWilliams acquired his early education.
He was married at the age of twenty-two years to
Miss Jane Paxton, of Fayette county, Pennsyl-
vania, and of their three children James was
the youngest. Mrs. McWilliams died about the
year 1803 and afterward Mr. McWilliams mar-

ried again having eleven children by his second
wife. For some years he was a resident of Ohio
and there died at the age of sixty-five years.

Hon. James McWilliams was a public-school
student in Ohio and gave his attention largely to
the work upon his father's farm up to the time of
his marriage, which was celebrated in 1824, Miss
Margaret Latimer becoming his wife. Her fa-
ther was Alexander Latimer, a native of Scot-
land. Unto them were born eight children. In
1834, Mr. McWilliams became a resident of
Naples, Illinois, and in the spring of 1835 took
up his abode on a farm near Griggsville, in Pike
county. There his wife died on the 28th of
December, 1838, and in June, 1839, ne wedded
Miss Lucretia Prescott, a native of Groton, Massa-
chusetts. Mr. McWilliams was a man of strong
mentality and marked force of character, well
fitted for leadership. His ability was recognized
by his fellow citizens, who in 1838 chose him as
their representative in the state legislature and
for a term of two years he sat upon the democratic
side of the house. The first session was held at
Vandalia and the second at Springfield, following
the removal of the capital to the latter
city. In 1848 Mr. McWilliams became
connected with the lumber trade, continu-
ing in the business for some years. Dur-
ing the period of the Civil war he was
a stanch supporter of the administration and
advocated the prosecution of hostilities until the
preservation of the Union was an established fact.
He was one of the original stockholders of the
Griggsville National Bank and in fact was one of
its principal promoters. The bank was opened
for business August I, 1873, with a capital stock
of fifty thousand dollars and has since been profit-
ably conducted, Mr. McWilliams serving as presi-
dent for many years during the earlier period of
its existence.

Elbridge G. Farrand, father of our subject, was
born in Bridgeport, Vermont, November 13, 1814,
and left his native state at the age of eighteen
years. He went to Michigan, where he remained
until 1845, when he removed to Morgan county,
Illinois. In 1849 ne went overland to California,
but in 1852 returned to this state, settling at
Griggsville. In 1861 he turned his attention to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

437

the lumber business, dealing in doors, sash, blinds,
etc., his stock being valued at between twelve and
fifteen thousand dollars. In 1852 he married
Elizabeth J. McWilliams, of Griggsville, and they
became the parents of four sons: James A.,
Mulford K., Harvey L. and Frederick H.

Mulford <K. Farrand is indebted to the public-
school system of Griggsville for the educational
advantages he enjoyed in his youth. For several
years he was engaged in the lumber business in
connection with his father and afterward went to
New Mexico, where he continued in the cattle
business on the Black range for three years. On
returning to Pike county he took up his abode
upon his present farm in April, 1889, purchasing
two hundred and sixty acres of land, of which
twenty acres is covered with timber. His home
is pleasantly located two and a half miles north
of the county seat on section i, Pittsfield town-
ship, and here he carries on general farming and
stock-raising, meeting with well deserved success
in his undertakings.

On the 24th of January, 1889, Mr. Farrand
was united in marriage to Miss Mary Esther
Craven, who was born in Griggsville, Pike
county, October 6, 1866, and is a daughter of John
and Henrietta (George) Craven. Her father was
born near Jacksonville, Morgan county, Illinois,
February 13, 1835, and was a son of John Craven,
Sr., who was born in Yorkshire, England, Janu-
ary 7, 1802, and who in 1831 married Esther
Warton. The same year they came to America,
settling in Morgan county, which was then largely
a wild and unimproved district, their home being
six miles west of Jacksonville. There Mr. Craven
remained until 1850, devoting his time and ener-
gies to farming, after which he removed with his
family to Pike county, taking up his abode on
section 20, Griggsville township, where he again
engaged in farming and stock-raising. In the
family were two children, Sarah A. and John
Craven. The latter was reared upon the home
farm and was educated in the common schools of
Morgan county, Illinois. He came to Pike county
with his parents in 1850 and was married May 12,
1864, to Miss Henrietta George, a daughter of
Samuel George, who came to Griggsville in
1847. Mrs. Craven was born October 17, 1837,

in London, England, and with her husband is
now living in Griggsville, Mr. Craven having
retired from active business life.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Farrand have been born
two children: Harry C, born December 21, 1889;
and George Elbridge, born September 8, 1892.
Both are living at home. Mr. Farrand is a
republican but without aspiration for office. His
wife belongs to the Episcopal church and both
are widely and favorably known in the locality
where they reside, their circle of friends being
extensive. The farm comprises two hundred and
forty acres of fine land on section i, Pittsfield
township, and is splendidly improved with a good
residence, substantial barn and other buildings.
All of the improvements have been made by Mr.
Farrand and indicate his careful supervision and
progressive spirit. He also has twenty acres in
Newburg township. He has been successful in
his work and the secret of his prosperity lies
in his determination and unfaltering diligence
supplemented by laudable ambition.

JOHN T. DELL.

John T. Dell, who is carrying on general agri-
cultural pursuits in Newburg township, where he
is engaged quite extensively in raising and feed-
ing stock and also farms from eighty to four
hundred acres of land, his own farm comprising
one hundred and twenty-two acres of land in
New Salem township, was born in Pittsfield
township, September 10, 1856. His father, James
T. Dell, was a native of Maryland, born in 1818,
and was there reared. When a young man he
came to Illinois and here he was married to
Miss Anna Cooper, a native of New York. The
father located in Pike county in 1850. settling in
Pittsfield, where he followed the tailor's trade,
which he had learned in early years. Later, how-
ever, he purchased a farm in Pittsfield township
and spent his last years upon that property, giv-
ing his attention to general agricultural pursuits.
He died in the year 1900. while his wife passed
away in 1899. John T. Dell is one of a family of
thirteen children, ten of whom, five sons and five

438

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

daughters, reached years of maturity, while three
sons and four daughters are yet living. Mr. Dell
spent his youth in Pittsfield township and was
educated in the district schools. To his father he
gave the benefit of his services until he had at-
tained his majority, when he made arrangements
for having a home of his own by his marriage to
Miss Anna Fearey, whom he wedded in Pittsfield
township, September 15. 1887. She was born in
that township and is a daughter of John Fearey,
a native of England and one of the early settlers
of Pike county. Following his marriage he
rented a farm in Newburg township, first operat-
ing eighty-five acres of land, and he also farmed
other lands. He remained upon one farm for
twelve years and is still engaged in the cultiva-
tion of that place. For five years he has resided
npon the place which is now his home and he is
one of the active, diligent and prosperous agri-
culturists of this part of the county. He makes
a specialty of the raising of Aberdeen Angus cat-
tle and Poland China hogs and he is quite suc-
-eessful as a stockman, feeding about one hundred
head of hogs per year.

Unto' Mr. and Mrs. Dell have been born ten
children, Orien H.. Orville P>., Dora S., Nellie P..
Elsie E.. Pearl E., Xola M.. William J., Theo-
dore and Elmer F. ' Mr. and Mrs. Dell are
widely known and have many warm friends in
the community where they reside. Politically Mr.
Dell has been a lifelong republican but is without
aspiration for office, content to do his public duty
as a private citizen. He served on the school
board for several years, during which time he did
effective work in behalf of the cause of education,
of which he is n warm 'and stalwart friend. ITis
entire life has been passed in this county, where
he is recognized as a useful and valued citizen.

LUTHER J. HARVEY. M. D.

Dr. Luther J. Harvey, engaged in the practice
of medicine in Griggsville, was born in Warner,
Merrimack county, New Hampshire, October 6.
1851. a son of Ira and Mary (Bean) Harvey,
both of whom were natives of New Hampshire.

The father, who was born in Merrimack count}',
December 3, 1809, passed away in 1893, at the
age of eighty-three years, while his wife, born in
Merrimack county, February n, 1817, died in
February, 1902. Although born on a farm and
educated in the public schools of Merrimack
county. New Hampshire, the father spent his en-
tire life as a merchant in Warner, owning and con-
ducting business in the same building for nearly
fifty years. He was one of the leading business
men of that place and he contributed in a large
measure to its commercial prosperity. He was
was also 'prominent and influential in public af-
fairs, was a Jackson democrat and represented
his district in the state legislature. Both he and
'his wife were devoted members of the Baptist
church In their family were five children : Helen,
born November n, 1839, married Edwin W.
Baxter, a native of New Hampshire, who died
in 1892. They became the parents of six children.
In the year 1858 Mr. Baxter came with his
family to Griggsville, Pike county, where he en-
gaged in business as a dealer in meats and later
on he conducted a general store, of which he was
proprietor up to the time of his death. He served
as postmaster under President Lincoln and was
one of the leading business men of this city who
largely promoted public progress as well as in-
dividual success and was respected by all who
knew him. Following his death Mrs. Baxter in
1895 Became the wife of Charles A. Catlin but
survived her second marriage only a few months,
passing away in 1896. Mary A., the second
daughter of the family, was born in New Hamp-
shire, July 27, 1841, and is the wife of Dr. M.
S. Wilson, of the old Granite state. They had
five children, of whom four are living. Fred,
born May I, 1844, in New Hampshire, died in
( Iriggsville, December 30. 1880. He was assist -
tant postmaster of his brother-in-law, E. W. Bax-
ter, under President Lincoln. Abbie, born April
19. 1846. became the wife of Louis Chase, and
died in December. 1885. Dr. Harvey completes
the family.

In the public schools of his native county
Dr. Harvey began his education which he contin-
ued in Colby Academy at New London, New
Hampshire, from which he was graduated in 1871.

DR. L. T. HARVEY

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

441

In May, 1872, he came to Griggsville and in the
fall of the same year cast his first presidential
vote for General Grant. In 1873 he went to New
York, where he attended Bellevue Hospital Med-
ical College, and in the fall of 1874 he went to St.
Louis, Missouri, where he matriculated in the
medical department of the St. Louis Medical Col-
lege and was graduated with the class of 1875.
The year following his graduation was spent as
interne in the City Hospital at St. Louis, Mis-
souri, where he added thorough practical knowl-
edge to his theoretical training. He then again
came to Griggsville in the spring of 1876 and
opened an office for practice. In his professional
duties he has displayed marked capability and
conscientious endeavor and has ever maintained
a high standard of professional ethics. He was
one of the members of the Morgan County (Illi-
nois) Medical Society acting as president at Jack-
sonville. He was also one of the organizer's of
the Pike County Medical Society, was its first
president and is now a member of the State
Medical Society and the American Medical As-
sociation.

On the 30th of May, 1876, Dr. Harvey was
married to Miss Bella Kenney, who was born
October 16, 1852, and died June i, 1894. Their
children were two in number: Ira Kenney, who
was. born April 5, 1877, and is now living in
Kansas City, Missouri, marYied Miss Nellie Mc-
Mahon and has one daughter, Mary Bella.
Florence Mary, the daughter of Dr. Harvey, was
born May 23, 1881, and is at home. Mrs. Harvey
was a daughter of Charles and Mary (Carnahan)
Kenney. Her father was born in Pennsylvania
in 1812, and died in Griggsville in 1880, while his
wife was born in Delaware in 1814, and passed
away in her eightieth year. Mr. Kenney was a
leading merchant of Griggsville for many years
and although he suffered heavily through loss by
fire on several occasions he with resolute purpose
and determined will recovered his possessions and
was ever recognized as a leading and representa-
tive business man, his labors at length being
crowned with a comfortable competence. In
politics he was a Jcffersonian democrat and his
fellow citizens recognizing his worth and ability,
called him to represent his district in the state

legislature. He was a very liberal member of the
Congregational church and his life of uprightness
and honor, activity in business and of fearless
advocacy of whatever cause he espoused made him
esteemed by all with whom he came in contact.
In his family were seven sons and three
daughters, namely : William, Mary, Charles, Rob-
ert, Lizzie, Samuel. Bella, Clarence, Edward and
Preston.

Dr. Harvey holds membership in Griggsville
lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A. M. He has been a mem-
ber of the city council and he gives his political
allegiance to the republican party, while his re-
ligious faith is indicated by membership in the
Congregational church. His professional duties
give him jitflS- leisure time to take part in public
"arrSits -and, y'e.t he is never remiss in the duties
of citizenship ' antt''' has given stalwart sup-
port to many movements for the general good.

LEONARD B. HAMMOND.

Leonard B. Hammond, a farmer residing on
section 17, Hadley township, is a native of Pike
county, Illinois-, where he was born on the 3d
of April, 1840, his parents being Morris and Sa-
rah ( Decker) Hammond. The father was born
in Kentucky, while the mother's birth occurred in
Wabash, Illinois. Morris Hammond came to
this county some time in the early '305, when it
was an unimproved district, the work of progress
and development seeming scarcely begun. He
settled about six miles north of Barry, where he
made a claim of one hundred and sixty acres of
government land. It was still in its primitive
condition; not a furrow having been turned or
an improvement made upon the place, and the
arduous task incident to the development of a
new farm made his life a strenuous one. He
added to this property until it comprised two
hundred acres, and in addition he invested in
several other farms in the county, having more
than five hundred acres of good land at one time.
In 1864 he removed to the farm upon which his
son, Leonard B. Hammond, now resides, there
owning three hundred and twenty • acres. For

442

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

some time he was one of the largest landholders
of Pike county, and was a very successful man,
owing his desirable financial position to his earn-
est labor and untiring enterprise. His early po-
litical views accorded with the principles of the
whig party, and upon its dissolution, he joined the
ranks of the democrat party, which he continued
to support up to the time of his demise. Both he
and his wife were faithful Christian people, hold-
ing membership in the Methodist church. Mr.
Hammond passed away in 1877, at the age of
seventy years, while his wife died in 1893, at the
age of eighty-three years. In their family were
five children, of whom three are now living:
Phoebe, the wife of E. W. Blades, a resident of
Barry; Catherine, the wife of Richard Hardesty,
of Payson, Illinois; and Leonard B.

In taking up the personal history of Leonard
B. Hammond we present to our readers the life
record of one widely and favorably known in this
county. He was educated in the public schools,
but his opportunities in that direction were some-
what meagre because of impaired eyesight. On
attaining his majority he started out in life on his
own account, and he has since followed farming
in Pike county except for a brief interval of two
years spent in Adams county. In 1862 he was the
owner of a farm of one hundred and twenty
acres lying across the boundary line in Adams
county, and since that time he has always held
farm property; but he sold his Adams county
farm in order to remove to his present home in
Hadley township. In 1863 he went to Mon-
tana, where he spent ten months and then re-
turned to his present farm, upon which he has
resided continuously since. He owns here one
hundred and fifty acres of well improved land,
which is well situated and is a productive tract,
the soil being rich and alluvial. The farm is
well fenced, and he has made all of the improve-
ments on the property. The place is also well
stocked with cattle and hogs ; and he raises polled
Angus cattle and Poland China hogs, which are
either of high grade or thoroughbred.

In 1862, Mr. Hammond was married to Miss
Amanda Phinneger, who was born in Barry town-
ship, August 9, 1843, and is a daughter of Solo-
mon and Nancy (McFarland) Phinneger. The
father was born in Pennsylvania, and the mother

in Ohio, and both were of German lineage. Mr.
Phinneger came to Pike county in an early day,
and followed the ' occupation of farming, owning
and cultivating one hundred and twenty acres of
land. He was also a carpenter and worked at
his trade, being connected to some extent with
building operations here. In his family were
twelve children, all of whom reached years of
maturity with one exception.

Mr. and Mrs. Hammond became the parents
of two children : John, who was born October
20, 1863; and Henry, born November 20, 1865.
The latter is now at home. The former married
Clara Henderson, of Iowa, and they reside in
Lyonsville, that state, where John Hammond is
engaged in the poultry business.

Mr. Hammond of this review votes the democ-
racy, but has never been a politician in the sense
of office seeking or desired political preference as
a reward for party fealty. He has given his undi-
vided attention to his business affairs, and is a
self-made man, who has been both the architect
and builder of his own fortunes. He is now one
of the prosperous citizens of his community, and
his life may well serve as a source of emulation,
showing what may be accomplished when one has
the will to dare and to do.

GEORGE W. LEGGETT.

George W. Leggett, living on section 17, of
Spring Creek township, is a progressive farmer,
whose place of one hundred and twenty acres
is neat and well improved. It was upon this
farm that he first opened his eyes to the light of
day on the 4th of January, 1856. His father,
John W. Leggett, came from southeastern Mis-
souri to Pike county and died when his son
George was only about a year old. John W.
Leggett was married to Louisa Cannon, a native
of Alabama, in 1855. She survives her husband
and yet makes her home in this county, having,
since the death of Mr. Leggett. become the wife
of David Scranton.

George W. Leggett was the only child of his
mother's first marriage and was reared to man-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

443

hood in Spring Creek township, assisting his
mother in his early boyhood days, and afterward
aiding his stepfather to carry on the work of the
home farm. He enjoyed fair school privileges in
the district schools, and at the age of nineteen
years he started out in life on his own account,
since which time his labors have been the source
of all the prosperity that has come to him. He
was first employed by the month at farm labor for
a year, at the end of which time he invested his
earnings in forty acres of land on section 18,
Spring Creek township, where he resided for two
years. He then sold that property, after which
he again rented a farm for three or four years, and
then bought one hundred and twenty acres on
section 20 of the 'same township. A number of
years later he traded that property for forty
acres, where he now resides, on section 17, Spring
Creek township, and as his financial resources
have incerased he has extended the boundaries
of his place from time to time, adding on two dif-
ferent occasions forty-acre tracts, so that he now
has a good property of one hundred and twenty
acres. He has erected an attractive two-story
frame residence and good outbuildings upon his
place, has also planted an orchard, and has con-
siderable small fruit.

On the nth of April, 1877, Mr. Leggett was
united in marriage to Miss Alice Burbridge, a
native of Pike county, and a daughter of George
W. Burbridge, who was born in Bath county,
Kentucky, in 1822, while his wife, who in her
maidenhood was Nancy E. Ben, was also a native
of the Blue Grass state. Mr. Burbridge, on leav-
ing Kentucky, became a resident of Pike county,
Missouri, and subsequently he purchased land
and settled in Pike county, Illinois, taking up his
abode here in 1842, and continuing a resident of
this county up to the time of his death. Unto
Mr. and Mrs. Leggett have been born eight chil-
dren, of whom two died in infancy. The others
are : Lillie Florean, Louisa Elizabeth, Bessie,
John W., Dovie Edith and Logan. Mrs. Leggett
is a member of the Christian church of Inde-
pendence. Mr. Leggett belongs to the Modern
Woodmen camp at Nebo; and in politics he has
always been a supporter of the men who are
pledged to uphold republican principles. He and

his estimable wife have labored together since
the time of their marriage,and have now a neat
and comfortable home in Spring Creek township,
Mr. Leggett being numbered among the enter-
prising farmers of the community. His life
record proves what may be accomplished by de-
termined purpose, self-reliance and laudable am-
bition, for these have been the strong and salient
elements in his life work.

HIRAM S. CHURCHILL.

Hiram S. Churchill is the owner of a valuable
farm of three hundred acres of fine land on sec-
tions 14 and 23, Kinclerhook township, in the midst
of which stands a beautiful brick residence sur-
rounded by a well kept lawn. The barnyard con-
tains good stables, sheds and cribs and stock of
good grades is found in the pastures. There is
every evidence of the careful supervision of a
painstaking and progressive owner, whose labors
are actuated by a progressive yet practical spirit.

Mr. Churchill was born on the farm where he
now lives, his natal day being November 25.
1853. He is a son of Almon S. and Mary
(Hunn) Churchill. The father was born near
Batavia, New York, in 1812, and was reared to
the life of a farmer in the place of his nativity,
remaining in the east until 1833, when at the
age of twenty-one years he came to Pike county.
In 1835, however, he returned to the Empire
state and was there married to Miss Mary A.
Hunn, who was born in 1812 in Hartford, Con-
necticut, in which city she made her home until
fifteen years of age, when she accompanied her
parents on their removal to Batavia, New York.
Following his marriage Mr. Churchill brought
his bride to Pike county, making the journey
with a span of ponies and wagon. This was long
before the era of railroad building in Illinois and
all travel was done by private conveyance, by
stage or by means of water transportation. Mr.
Churchill and his bride, however, drove across
the country and on reaching Pike county settled
west of .Kinderhook, where they lived for a year,
after which they took up their abode upon the

444

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

farm which is now the home of Hiram S.
Churchill. The father, in connection with Mr.
Hilly, secured one hundred and sixty acres of
land, which was the nucleus of his extensive pos-
sessions, for at one time he owned twelve hundred
acres, all of which was on the bottom. He en-
gaged extensively in trading in horses and mules
and was an excellent judge of stock and also a
practical, energetic farmer who in the tilling of
the soil produced large crops. He became a
prominent and inlluential resident of his commu-
nity, his opinions carrying weight in matters of
the general welfare. After accumulating con-
siderable property he retired from active labor
and spent his last years in the enjoyment of the
fruits of his former toil. On election days he
was found at the polls giving his support to the
candidates of the republican party. Both he and
his wife were members of the Methodist Epis-
copal church and an earnest Christian spirit char-
acterized all they did. Mr. Churchill died in
1886, having for about fourteen years survived
his wife, who passed away in 1872. Their mar-
riage had been blessed with three sons and a
daughter, and with the exception of one son all
are yet living, namely : Hiram S., of this review ;
William E., who is living in Kansas City ; and
Nandy M., the wife of Jacob R. Fox, a resident
of California.

Hiram S. Churchill was educated in the schools
of Kinderhook and remained upon his father's
farm until 1888, when he went to the village,
where he was engaged in the grain business for
ten years, owning and operating the elevator at
that place. In 1898, however, he returned to the
farm, where he has since resided and he is now
the owner of three hundred acres of very pro-
ductive land on sections 14 and 23, Kinderhook
township, most of which is bottom land. He has
an excellent farm here, well fenced, and its equip-
ments are in keeping with all modern ideas of
agricultural progress. His residence is a fine
brick house, tastefully furnished, and he has good
buildings for the shelter of grain and stock. Tilt-
fields are carefully tilled and he also raises good
grades of cattle, horses and hogs upon his farm,
which is conveniently situated about a mile north-
west of Kinderhook. thus bringing railroad facili-

ties within easy access together with all of the
advantages of town life.

On the 27th of December, 1874, Mr. Churchill-
was united in marriage to Miss Martha C. Smith.
who was born in Pike county, Illinois, June 12,
1854, and is a daughter of Charles and Lizzie
(Hull) Smith. The father was born in Vir-
ginia and came to Pike county at an early day,
after which he carried on general farming in
Kinderhook township up to the time of his demise,
which occurred in 1870. His widow still resides
in that township. The home of Mr. and Mrs.
Churchill has been blessed with four sons and
three daughters ; D. A., born in September, 1875,
and now living on the home farm, married Essie
Likes. Bessie, born in August, 1876, is with her
parents. Fred, born in August, 1877, and now
living at Payson, Illinois, married Ethel Tooley.
Charles, born in December, 1879, married Ada
McKinney and lives on his father's farm. Frank,
born in July, 1882, died in Wyoming at the age
of twenty-three years. Nellie, born in July, 1886,
is the wife of Harry McGuire, bookkeeper for
the Swift Packing Company of Chicago. Uldene
is at home.

In politics Mr. Churchill is strictly independent.
He does not bind himself by party ties, but votes
as he thinks preferable and as his mature judg-
ment indicates. For fifteen years he served as
school trustee and has ever been interested in the
cause of public education. He belongs to the Odd
Fellows lodge, No. 757, of Kinderhook, of which
he is a charter member and his wife is a member
of the Methodist Episcopal church. They are
sociable, entertaining people, with whom it is a
pleasure to meet and the hospitality of their home
is greatly enjoyed by their many friends:

JOHN F. WATKIXS.

John F. Watkins, a farmer and stock-raiser,
owning and operating one hundred and eighty
acres of land in section 29. Griggsville township,
has resided upon his present farm since 1869.
He was born October 9, 1846, in Warner. New
Hampshire, and was a student in the public

MR. AND MRS. J. F. WATK1NS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

447

schools of Merrimack county, that state, until
thirteen years of age. His parents, George and
Abbie C. (Bean) Watkins, were also natives of
New Hampshire, the former born November 4,
1822, and the latter on the 6th of August, 1824.
The father was educated in Wilmot Academy
in his native state and also in Lowell, Massa-
chusetts, where among his classmates were sev-
eral students who afterward gained distinction,
including General Benjamin F. Butler, Dr. Sa-
very and ex-Governor Straw, of New Hampshire.

On the 1 2th of January, 1842, George Wat-
kins was united in marriage to Miss Abbie C.
Bean and they- became the parents of seven chil -
clren, namely: James, who was born March 29.
1844, and is now farming in Kansas; John F.,
of this review ; Mary S., who was born August
31, 1848, and died in September, 1872; Martha,
who was born August 30, 1850, and died in Feb-
ruary, 1897; Lizzie, who was born March 10,
1856, and became the wife of Charles H. Tood,
who is now living at New Richmond, Wisconsin,
where he is engaged in the jewelry business ;
Fred O., who was born August 3, 1862, and died
.March 19, 1899 ; and George A., who was born
(ictolier 17, 1864, and died September 5, 1896.
The members of this family were all born in New
Hampshire save the last two, who were natives
of Fredericktown, Missouri.

It was in the year 1858 that the parents left
their old home in Warner, New Hampshire, and
removed to Fredericktown, where they remained
for about five years. They came west for the
purpose of living in a milder climate, and from
Missouri they removed to Griggsville, Illinois.
where they spent about five years and then went
to Kansas, locating in Jackson county, that state.
There the father gave his attention to fanning
and stock-raising, spending his remaining days
in that locality. He was not only a successful
business man but also a representative and hon-
ored citizen of Kansas and for two or three terms
served in the state legislature, acting as a mem-
ber of the house at the time that John St. John
was governor. He was also county commissioner
and town clerk while living in New Hampshire.
Tie held membership in the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, was in full sympathy with its

teachings and for a number of years served as
noble grand in the local lodge. His wife, a mem-
ber of the Daughters of Rebekah, was chaplain
of her lodge for twenty-five years, filling the po-
s'ition at the time of her death, which occurred
December 12, 1905, while she was visiting her
son in Pike county. She was very active and
bright for one of her age, being at that time in
her eighty-first year. She maintained her home
in Whiting, Kansas, and was a member of the
Methodist Episcopal church there. Mr. Watkins
favored that church and gave to it his financial
support. In early life he was a democrat, sup-
porting the principles advocated by Jackson.
During the period of hostilities between the north
and the south he was what is known as a war
democrat and his last democratic vote was cast
for Stephen A. Douglas. Following the war he
became a republiqaj^ and continued to support
that party until his demise', which occurred on the
9th of August" ¥892: ..^ ^

John F. Watkins, whose name introduces this
record, began his education in the public schools
of his native state, and when thirteen years of
age accompanied his parents on their removal
to Fredericktown, Missouri, and on the I5th of
October, 1864, arrived in Griggsville, Pike coun-
ty, Illinois. Here he began working for E. W.
Baxter at the butcher's trade and after a year
devoted to that labor turned his attention to farm-
ing, remaining in the emplby of a Pike countv
agriculturist for sixteen months. He then be-
gan farming on his own account on land belong-
ing to Isaac Hatch, and in 1869 he removed to
the old Greeno place, where he has since carried
on general agricultural pursuits and stock-rais-
ing. He now owns one hundred and eighty acres
of land, which is rich and arable, and he raises
here shorthorn cattle and Poland China hogs.

On the 3ist of December, 1868, Mr. Watkins
was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Brown,
the wedding ceremony being performed by the
Rev. E. E. Carpenter at the home of her parents
in Griggsville township. Mrs. Watkins was born
June 1 6, 1850, a daughter of Henry R. and Jane
(Chapman) Brown, who are represented on an-
other page of this work in connection with the
sketch of William H. Brown, a brother of Mrs.

448

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Watkins. Unto our subject and his wife have
been born five children. George H., the eldest,
was born July 30, 1869. Abbie J., born Decem-
ber u, 1870, died on the 3d of April, 1876.
Alice L., born February 19, 1872,' was married
February 20, 1895, to J. N. Mitchell and died
on the 27th of October of the same year while
they were living in Missouri. Mary L., born
December 22, 1873, was married January 4, 1899,
to John Craven, a farmer now residing in Griggs-
ville township. Frank W., born April 9, 1876,
died in Los Angeles, California, May 17, 1892,
while traveling there in the hope of benefiting
his health. He was gifted with superior musical
talent and engaged in teaching that art.

Mr. Watkins votes with the republican party
and is a stalwart advocate of its principles and
policy. He has been school director for twenty-
one years, has been road overseer for nine years
and road commissioner for twelve years, and his
good work in this direction is seen as one drives
over the public highways in Griggsville town-
ship. He deserves much credit for what he has
accomplished, for starting out in life without
capital, he has won through earnest purpose and
unremitting diligence the property which he now
owns and occupies and which is to him a good
source of income.

CHARLES LINCOLN HOPKINS.

Charles Lincoln Hopkins, editor and proprietor
of the New Canton Press, was born near Delavan,
Illinois, July 15, 1865, ar|d on January 21, 1892,
was married toMissKateBeatty,of the same place.
Their union has been blessed with four bright
children, three sons and a daughter, namely :
Guy B., Charles L., Stephen F. 'and Katharine E.

Having acquired his early education in the
public schools, Mr. Hopkins afterward began
learning the printer's trade, and soon became a
practical printer, having thorough knowledge of
the business in all of its departments. He has
been connected with newspaper publication since
1891, being located at various times in the states
of Kansas, Louisiana and Illinois. In September,

1904, he established the New Canton Press which
he has since edited and published, making it a
bright, enterprising journal, which has a good
circulation and advertising patronage. He has
enjoyed a merited success in the "art preserva-
tive," and uses the columns of his paper as a
source of advocacy of all measures which he
deems will prove of direct and immediate service
in public affairs.

Fraternally Mr. Hopkins is a Mason, and also
belongs to the Knights of Pythias lodge, the
Dramatic Order Knights of Korassan, and the
Modern Woodmen camp. He is a valuable and
useful citizen in many lines of endeavor and ac-
tivity, and is a musician of considerable talent,
whose musical knowledge is greatly enjoyed by
the public, his skill in this direction rendering
him a favorite in musical circles.

ELI POWELL.

Eli Powell is the owner of a farm of eighty
acres in Fairmount township. A life of unflag-
ging industry has been crowned with success,
and now at the age of seventy-eight years he is
numbered among the venerable and respected citi-
zens of Pike county. His birth occurred in
Smith county, Tennessee, on the 4th of October,
1827, his parents being Charles and Nancy
(Smith) Powell, both of whom were natives of
North Carolina. In the year 1828 they came
with their family to Illinois, settling first in Mor-
gan county, and about 1834 they removed to
Pike county. The father was a pioneer settler
of this state, and aided in the early development
of what gave promise of later progress and ad-
vancement. He was one of the founders of the
Baptist church in this state, and his political sup-
port was given to the democracy. In his family
were nine children ; but with the exception of Eli
Powell, all have passed away. The father's death
occurred in 1852, while his wife departed this
life in 1849.

Eli Powell was an infant when brought by his
parents to Illinois, and was only seven years of
age at the time of the removal of the family to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

449

Pike county. Few ad vantages were to be enjoyed in
those pioneer days ; and later with the other chil-
dren of the neighborhood he attended schools which
were conducted on the subscription plan. Although
his educational privileges were somewhat limited
his training at farm labor was not meagre, and he
early assisted in the arduous task of developing
a new farm. As the years have gone by he has
given his time and energies to agricultural pur-
suits. At the age of twenty-one years, however,
he learned the cooper's trade, and following his
marriage he followed that pursuit and also farming.
He now carries on general farming, and has
eighty acres in the homestead property in Fair-
mount township.

On the 3ist of January, 1850, Mr. Powell was
united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Taylor, who
was born December i, 1834, in a log cabin, which
had been built by her father in this county when
it was a pioneer district. Her parents were Nich-
olas C. and Margaret (Cradoc) Taylor, both of
whom were natives of Kentucky. Her father
died in 1841, at the comparatively early age of
thirty-four years, and his wife, who was born
in 1814, died in 1857. He came to Illinois in
1831, settling first in Morgan county but subse-
quently he returned to Kentucky, where he was
married. He then brought his wife to Illinois,
making the journey on horseback, and located
upon a farm on the boundary line between Perry
and Fairmount townships. He entered one hun-
dred and sixty acres of government land of which
eighty acres were in Fairmount township, and
which he secured through a soldier's claim. The
remaining eighty acres were in Perry township.
He was entitled to the former tract by reason of
his service in the Black Hawk war. At one time
he had two hundred and forty acres of land, and
aided in the development of this property, show-
ing a thorough understanding of agricultural
methods. As a pioneer settler he aided in reclaim-
ing a wild district for the uses of civilization,
and moreover, in community interests he mani-
fested a helpful spirit and contributed in substan-
tial measures to the public good. He was asses-
sor for two terms, and was also collector; and
in his political views was a democrat. He held
membership in the Methodist Episcopal church.

In his family were four children, but only two
are now living, Mrs. Powell and Mary A. Taylor,
who was engaged in the millinery business in
Pittsfield for several years.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Powell have been born
eight children, of whom four sons and two daugh-
ters are yet living: George, a resident of Idaho;
Elsie, who is engaged in the millinery business
in Fish Hook ; Ermittie, the wife of John Hobbs,
who is living in Cass county, Missouri ; James
Albert, who married Viola Taylor and is living
in Perry ; Theodore, who married Marietta En-
sley and resides in Fish Hook; and Simon T.,
who married Emma Davis and lives in Fish
Hook. The two latter are familiarly known as
the Powell Brothers. They are engaged in gen-
eral merchandising and have built up a large
trade.

Mr. Powell exercises his right of franchise in
support of the men and measures of the demo-
cratic party, and he has been a subscriber to the
Pike County Democrat for more than a half cen-
tury. He has never sought or desired public of-
fice, however, and he has never served on a jury.
His wife is a member of the Christian church.
The Powell family are well known, and the fam-
ily name has figured in connection with the his-
tory of Pike county for more than three quar-
ters of a century, its representatives standing as a
high type of citizenship, interested in the move-
ments and measures that have brought about the
present prosperity and conditions of advanced
civilization which are found here to-day. Eli
Powell as a pioneer of 1834 well deserves men-
tion in this volume, and his familiarity with the
history of the county enables him to relate many
interesting incidents concerning the early days
in this part of the state.

ALMON C. BANCROFT.

Almon C. Bancroft, whose beautiful home is
one of the fine residences of the county, is classed
to-day with the substantial citizens, having five
hundred acres of valuable bottom land. His
success is creditable and his business ability un-

450

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

mistakable. He was born in Massachusetts, May
8, 1860, and is a son of Harvey and Lydia
(Gaines) Bancroft, both of whom were natives
of the old Bay state. In 1864 the father came with
his family to Pike county, locating on the river
bottom south of Kinderhook, where he carried on
farming on a small scale. He and his wife were
members of the Baptist church, and he is affili-
ated with the Masonic fraternity, while his po-
litical faith was indicated by the support which
he gave to the republican party. His wife died in
1873 and he afterward married Amelia Mays.
His death occurred in 1892 ; and his second wife
is now living near Kinderhook. There were born
of the first marriage five sons, namely : Almon C. ;
George, who is living ' in Leadville, Colorado;
Lester, who resides in Canon City. Colorado ;
Charles, who makes his home in Trinidad, that
state ; and Lewis, who is likewise living in
Colorado.

Almon C. Bancroft was a public-school stu-
dent in Pike county between the ages of six and
thirteen years. He then left home and went to
live with Timothy Colvin, with whom he re-
mained until twenty years of age, when he started
out upon an independent business career. He
spent one summer in the west on a cattle range
in New Mexico and Texas, being at that time
only nineteen years of age. After leaving Mr.
Colvin he worked by the month for one season
on the farm, and then went to work on the rail-
road with a bridge gang, being thus employed for
a year and a half. He was afterward employed
by the month for some time for about two years,
when he began farming on his own account,
making his first purchase of land when thirty-
four years of age. He thus became the owner of
one hundred and nineteen acres on the river bot-
tom, which constitutes the nucleus of his present
extensive possessions, for as the years have gone
by he has placed his money in the safest of all
investments — real estate — until he is now the
owner of five hundred acres of very valuable land,
most of which is bottom land, and is very rich
and productive. The farm is well improved and
well fenced, and in its midst stands a beautiful
two-story residence about thirty-two feet square.
It is surrounded by a well-kept lawn; and the

house is one of the best in this part of the county-
Mr. Bancroft gives his attention to the cultiva-
tion of the fields and also raises some stock, and in
his work his indefatigable energy and honorable
purpose stand as strong and resultant elements.

In 1882 occurred the marriage of Mr. Ban-
croft and Miss Delia Lewton, who was born in
Pike county in 1862, and is a daughter of Daniel
and Christina (Decker) Lewton. The father's
birth occurred in Pike county, Illinois, and he
was a son of Daniel Lewton, who came here from
Pennsylvania, casting in his lot with the early
settlers. The mother was also born in this
county, her parents located in pioneer days, hav-
ing removed to this state from Pennsylvania. Mr.
and Mrs. Bancroft now have two sons : Harry,
born April 17, 1890; and Lewis, born January
20, 1892.

Mr. Bancroft is a member of Kinderhook
lodge, No. 353, A. F. & A. M., also of Barry
chapter, No. 88, R. A. M. He likewise belongs
to Kinderhook lodge, No. 757, I. O. O. F., in
which he has passed all of the chairs, and he is
a member of the Modern Woodmen camp at Kin-
derhook, and the Pike County Mutual Associa-
tion, while his wife belongs to the Eastern Star.
Both are devoted Christian people, holding mem-
bership in the Baptist church, in the work of
which they take an active and helpful part. Mr.
Bancroft is a democrat, but without aspiration
for office, preferring to give his undivided en-
ergies to his business affairs. He has been de-
pendent upon no outside aid or influence, but has
placed his faith in the sure and dependable quali-
ties of close application and unfaltering diligence,
and his life exemplifies the term, dignity of
labor, and shows forth the sure rewards of per-
sistent, honorable effort.

CHARLES G. WINN.

Charles G. Winn is numbered among the na-
tive sons of Griggsville township and throughout
his entire life has displayed the enterprising
spirit which has been the dominant factor in the
upbuilding of the middle west. He is extensively

C. G. WINN

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

453

engaged in buying and feeding cattle and hogs
and also in the production and shipment of apples,
having one of the finest orchards in this part of
Illinois. His natal day was December n, 1847,
his parents being James and Hannah (Converse)
Winn, the former born in Belmont, Massachu-
setts, in January, 1808, and the latter in Win-
chester, Massachusetts, in 1811. Mr. Winn was
educated in Boston and in his youth was appren-
ticed to a grocery man. Attracted by the oppor-
tunities offered by the new and growing west,
he came to Illinois in 1833 and took up govern-
ment land, forty acres of which has never been
held except by one who has borne the name of
Winn. Later he purchased more land, built a
home and for a number of years was engaged
in the meat business on his farm, buying and
packing pork, which he shipped to Boston by way
of New Orleans. He had a partner living in
Chelsea, Massachusetts, who attended to the sale
in the east. In 1836, Hannah Converse came
to Griggsville Landing, making the trip across
the country to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, thence
by way of the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois
rivers to Griggsville Landing. Here she gave
her hand in marriage to James Winn. There
were only a few houses in Griggsville at that time
and the young couple began their domestic life
in one of these. Mr. Winn continued packing
pork in the winter months and in farming in the
summer seasons and at one time was the owner
of eight hundred acres of land but sold much of
this until at the time of his death his landed pos-
sessions comprised but three hundred acres. He
acted as supervisor for many years, filling the
position at the time of his demise, and to the
republican party he gave stalwart and unfalter-
ing support. Both he and his wife held member-
ship in the Congregational church. In their
family were nine children, if whom seven are now
living: Jennie, Louise, James, Hattie, Charles
G., Abbie and Elizabeth. The father died in Jan-
uary, 1861, at the age of fifty-three years, while
the mother passed away in 1888, at the advanced
age of seventy-seven years.

Charles G. Winn was reared to the occupation
of farming and in the public schools acquired his
.elementary education, while later he attended the
23

Jacksonville Business College. When he had at-
tained his majority he began farming on his own
account and he has also been engaged in buying
and feeding cattle and hogs for thirty-six years,
being one of the leading representatives of this
line of business in the county. He ships his
stock to Chicago and St. Louis markets, where
he finds a ready sale. He has also one of the
finest orchards of the state, containing about five
thousand bearing apple trees. He sold from ten
acres in 1891 fruit to the value of thirty six hun-
dred and forty dollars. For a number of years
he has been engaged in dealing in apples, pack-
ing and selling in the Chicago market, also in
Peoria and in St. Louis and the fact that fruit
is shipped from his orchards is a guarantee of
its excellent quality. and value. Mr. Winn was
one o£ t^eifour'm-the state of Illinois who was
awarded a gold' friedal "an. his apples at the Paris
exposition, and was the only Pike county ex-
hibitor to receive a silver medal at the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition at St. Louis.

On the 23d of June, 1896, Mr. Winn was united
in marriage to Miss Lura Dimmitt, a daughter
of James and Elsie (Flinn) Dimmitt. Her father,
who was born in Griggsville in 1852, is now liv-
ing in Scott county, Illinois, and in 1870 he was
married to Miss Flinn, whose birth occurred in St.
Louis, Missouri, in 1851. He had acquired a pub-
lic-school education, and he lived at home until the
time of his marriage, when he began farming for
himself, settling in Griggsville township. He
removed to Scott county in March, 1905, and is
now living there engaged in farming and stock-
raising. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal
church. In his family were nine children, of
whom eight are yet living: Bertha ; Lura, who was
born November 13, 1873 ; Nelson ; Gordon ;
Grace; Roy; Helen; and Byron. Mr. and Mrs.
Winn have one daughter, Helen Elsie, born Jan-
uary 14, 1899. In 1903 Mr. Winn purchased
the old homestead of Robert Seaborn, one of the
fine brick houses of Griggsville. Although built
in 1855, it is still in splendid condition and is
one of the attractive residences of the city. Here
he and his family are now residing and they
have many warm friends in the town and through-
out the county. Mr. Winn belongs to Griggs-

454

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ville lodge, No. 45, A. F. & A. M., of which he
became a member in 1872 and he likewise holds
membership in Perry chapter, R. A. M., and is a
member of the Mutual Protective League and
the Pike County Mutual Insurance Company. He
is a member of the Congregational church, while
his wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal
church and in politics he is a stanch republican.
Mr. Winn has spent his entire life in Pike county
and the fact that many of his stanchest friends
are those who have known him from his boy-
hood days to the present is an indication that he
has lived an upright, honorable life, never taking
advantage of the necessities of his fellowmen in
business transactions, while in his social relations
he has displayed courtesy and consideration for
others that win genuine personal regard.

THOMAS MANTON.

Thomas Manton, for many years a resident of
Pike county, where his business integrity has
never been called into question and where his suc-
cess has been most worthily won, was born in
Lincolnshire, England, on the i6th of April, 1844,
his parents being James and Charlotte (Ham-
merton) Manton, both of whom were also natives
of Lincolnshire. The father was born January I,
1813, while the mother's birth occurred in Febru-
ary, 1817. In the year 1854 Mr. Manton came to
this country with his wife and children, sailing
from Liverpool to New York city, the voyage
consuming thirty-three days, for they encountered
severe weather and rough seas. From New York
they proceeded by way of the Hudson river to
Albany, thence by rail to Buffalo and on by way
of the Great Lakes to Chicago. From that point
they journeyed by canal to LaSalle and by boat
down the Illinois river to Griggsville Landing.
Mr. Manton worked the first year for Joe Stone,
securing employment the second day of his resi-
dence in Pike county. He operated the old Hazel-
wood farm for two years, and subsequently leased
and cultivated the Thomas Simpkins farm for
three years. He then removed to Dutton Sta-
tion, renting land from Dr. Wellington, and for

six years he remained upon that place. He was
extensively engaged in raising wheat, and in the
'6os raised forty-six hundred bushels on the Dut-
ton place. He removed from that place to a farm
on section 5, Griggsville township, where he pur-
chased two hundred and seven acres of land,
while later he bought one hundred and ten acres
known as the Judd Kendall farm. He afterward
purchased one hundred and six acres south of
this, a part of which was the John Hoss farm,
and his next purchase made him owner of forty
acres which he secured from the Carnes place.
He afterward bought the old Charles Williams
place, in Pittsfield- township, and there he spent
his remaining days, making his home thereon for
about twenty-six or twenty-seven years. In 1878
he raised over four thousand bushels of wheat;
and he sold wheat as high as two dollars and a
half a bushel. He was a most energetic and prac-
tical farmer, and the success he enjoyed was at-
tributable entirely to his own labors. He never
cared for nor sought public office, but gave his
political allegiance to the democracy ; and in the
Methodist Episcopal church he held his mem-
bership. He died October 31, 1904, while his
wife is now living in Pittsfield in her eighty-
seventh years. In their family were thirteen chil-
dren, of whom six are now living : George ;
James B. ; Marie; Lizzie, the widow of Lewis
Whitney ; Francis ; and Thomas.

The last named was only ten years of age
when brought by his parents to America, and in
boyhood he attended the public schools of Pike
county. In his youth he remained with his par-
ents, and after attaining his majority he con-
tinued to live with them, helping his father in the
acquirement of his property and caring for him
in his later years. He was connected with the
work of operating a threshing machine for thirty-
six years, and is one of the oldest men in this
business in the county. In early days they had
to haul the machine with horses from place to
place, and the machine had to be lifted on and
off the wagons every time it was set up. They
had an eight-horse-power machine which did the
threshing in Hardin, Detroit, Pittsfield and
Griggsville townships, and they worked from
daylight until dark. Later on in 1885 Mr. Man-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

455

ton bought a steam boiler, and in the spring of
1886 traded this for a traction machine. In 1890,
however, he sold out and put aside the active
work of farming and stock-raising. He had
formerly made a specialty of the raising of cattle
and hogs, and his business brought to him a fair
measure of success. His life has indeed been an
active and useful one, characterized by unfalter-
ing diligence. He belongs to Pike lodge, No.
73, I. O. O. F., of which he became a member
in 1874. He rather favors the Methodist Episco-
pal church, but has contributed to the support of
all denominations. In politics he is a democrat,
but without political aspiration, having always
preferred to give his time and energies to his
business interests, and in the practical manage-
ment of his farm work and threshing he has
found a good source of income.

SAM GRAMMER.

Sam Grammer, president of the Farmers' Bank
of Baylis, whose life has been actuated by the
spirit of definite and immediate service in public
affairs, is a native of Adams county, Illinois, born
on the 1 8th of December, 1860. He is a son of
George W. and Experience (Cutter) Grammer.
The father was born in Woburn, Massachusetts,
July 4, 1825, and was a representative of one of
the old families of New England founded in
America in early colonial days. Joseph Gram-
mer. the great-grandfather of our subject, was
a sea-faring man, and fought for the indepen-
dence of the colonies in the war of the Revolu-
tion. Seth Grammer, the grandfather, was a na-
tive of the old Bay state, born in 1797, and took
part in the war of 1812, manifesting the same mil-
itary spirit that prompted his father's loyal serv-
ice in the preceeding war with England. He came
to Pike county at a very early day, when this sec-
tion of the state was an unbroken wilderness, and
located 011 section 2, Hadley township, where he
built a log cabin for the shelter of his family.
It was a primitive home, with scanty furnishings
and few comforts or conveniences ; but it sheltered
stout hearts and willing hands, ?nd the work of

cultivation and development was steadily carried
forward by Mr. Grammer, with the assistance of
his sons. He cleared his place of the native tim-
ber with which it was covered, built the mill and
was actively engaged in pioneer labors that re-
sulted in the development and improvement of
the county, and that served as the foundation
upon which has been reared the superstructure
of its present prosperity and progress. His death
in 1858 proved a serious loss to the community,
for he had contributed in a large measure to its
advancement. His life was indeed one of serv-
ice ; and his personal traits of character were such
as endeared him to his fellow townsmen, and won
him a warm place in the affections of those with
whom he was associated. He had been married
in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1811, to Miss Lydia
Marshall, a native of the old Bay state, in which
she was reared to womanhood. She was a daugh-
ter of Joseph Marshall, who was born in Massa-
chusetts, and was also one of the heroes of the
Revolutionary war.

George W. Grammer, son of Seth and Lydia
(Marshall) Grammer, spent the first fifteen years
of his life in New England, and then came with
his parents to Pike county, Illinois, in 1840. He
lived here for ten years, after which he removed
to Adams county, where he resided for a long
period. Eventually, however, he returned to this
county, establishing his home in Baylis, where
he died in 1886. He owned land in the county
from the time he first came to Illinois until his
demise, and was an energetic farmer of good busi-
ness ability, whose well directed efforts proved
the basis of gratifying success. He married Miss
Experience Cutter, who was born in Woodbridge,
New Jersey, in May, 1827, and died in 1900. In
the family were four children, three of whom are
now living, namely : Sam ; Webber, a resident
of Baylis; and Mrs. Exie Huff, of Abilene, Kan-
sas. William Grammer. of Pike county, is an
uncle of our subject.

In the public schools of the county Sam Gram-
mer mastered the branches of learning received
through public instruction and resided upon farms
in either Adams or Pike counties until May,
1904, when he took up his abode in the village of
Baylis, where he has since resided. In his farm

456

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

work he manifested a practical, enterprising
spirit, following modern methods in the care of
his fields and his stock, and improved his place
with all the equipments found upon a model
farm of the twentieth century. In May, 1905,
when the Bank of Baylis changed hands and be-
came the Fanners Bank he was chosen its presi-
dent, and is now at the head of this institution,
which is a strong financial concern, conducting a
general banking business, and having behind it
stockholders of well known financial strength and
good business and executive force. He also owns
two hundred acres of fine land located about two
miles northwest of the village, lying partly in
Adams and partly in Pike county.

Mr. Grammer was married in 1884 to Emily
Powell, who was born in Pike county in i8sg,
and is a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Mc-
Cleary) Powell, both of whom are now deceased.
The father was a farmer and owned about eight
hundred acres of land. His business affairs were
sucessfully managed, and he carried on agricul-
tural pursuits on an extensive scale. Mr. and
Mrs. Grammer have become the parents of two
sons, Earl and Eugene. The family residence is
attractive by reason of its warm-hearted hospital-
ity as well as from the fact that it is a modern
home in the midst of tasteful surroundings. Mr.
Grammer votes with the democracy and has been
called to local offices, serving as assessor in Bev-
erly township, Adams county, and also in Hadley
township, Pike county. He belongs to Baylis
lodge, No. 834, I. O. O. F. Public opinion is
undivided concerning his business qualifications
and his reliability, and his position in public re-
gard is one among the foremost of the repre-
sentative men of the county.

S. HIRSHEIMER, SR.

S. Hirsheimer, the oldest merchant in years of
continuous business in Pike county and still ac-
tively connected with commercial interests in
Pittsfield. was born in Bavaria, Germany. Au-
gust 12, 1825. He spent the years of his boy-
hood and youth in his native land and in 1848.

when twenty-three years of age, came to Amer-
ica. The vessel in which he took passage dropped
anchor in the harbor of New York and from that
city he made his way westward to Cincinnati,
Ohio, where he entered upon his business ca-
reer in the new world as a peddler. He had goods
to the value of about seventy-five or one hun-
dred dollars and an old horse and wagon and
thus equipped he began peddling through the
country, being thus engaged for four years. On
the expiration of that period he went to the little
town of Fayetteville, Brown county, Ohio, where
he opened a store with a small stock and contin-
ued its conduct for four years, but thinking that
he might have a still better field of labor it: Illi-
nois he came to Pittsfield in 1856 and opened a
small store in a little room twenty by thirty feet,
carrying an exclusive stock of clothing. There
lie continued in business until 1880, when the
store was 'destroyed by fire and he erected his
present business block. In 1858 C. P. Chapman.
also a dry goods merchant of Pittsfield, gave Mr.
Hirsheimer a letter of recommendation to Young
Brothers, of St. Louis, that enabled him to 'pro-
cure goods to any amount on credit. This was
before the advent of railroads into Pittsfield and
the goods were shipped by water to Florence and
thence across the country to this city. Mr. Chap-
man did everything he could to assist Mr. Hir-
sheimer in the establishment and successful con-
duct of the business, although he himself was in
the same line of trade, and Mr. Hirsheimer gladly
acknowledges his indebtedness for the aid ren-
dered. As the years have passed by his business
has constantly increased, owing to his capable
management and well directed labors, until he
is now handling a fine line of dry 'goods, clothing
and carpets, occupying two floors. He had to
borrow the money of Colonel D. D. Hicks with
which to pay the freight on the first goods he
bought after coming to Pittsfield. Soon all his
financial obligations were discharged, however.
and he has ever been found faithful in keeping a
business engagement reliable in his transactions
and trustworthy in all his dealings so that his busi-
ness lias constantly grown, bringing to him the
splendid success that has made him one of the
wealthy residents of his adopted city.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

457

In 1852 Mr. Hirsheimer was united in mar-
riage to Miss Mena Eppenger, of Cincinnati.
They have seven children: Den, the eldest, has
been associated with his father as a partner since
1870 and the firm has had a very prosperous ex-
istence. Ben Hirsheimer is a member of the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Masonic
fraternity, the Knights of Pythias lodge and all
of the fraternal insurance companies. Lena, the
eldest daughter, became the wife of Hyman
Brunswick, of St. Louis, engaged in manufacture
of billiard tables. He now lives in this city. Sam
is in the shoe business in Pittsfield, having rented
a building in 1875 and opened an exclusive shoe
store, which he has since conducted. He has
control of the office connected with his own es-
tablishment, also his father's store. He has never
married but has always lived at home and now
takes life easy, having acquired a handsome com-
petence. Louis D. Hirsheimer, born in 1858, is
engaged in the wholesale cigar and tobacco busi-
ness, embarking in this line of business in 1873
as a retail cigar dealer on a small scale. Through
his ability and strict attention to business he has
developed a. large trade until his firm now have
an extensive wholesale business in the states of
Illinois, Iowa and Missouri. He began a jobbing
business in Pike county in 1878 and the follow-
ing year extended his efforts to other cities and
their business has steadily increased until it has
now reached very extensive and profitable pro-
portions and they employ a large number of men,
being leading tobacco dealers of the country. In
his early youth L. D. Hirsheimer was a newsboy
on the streets, of Pittsfield and it was the accumu-
lations of his earnings at selling papers that en-
abled him to start his retail cigar store. In 1878
he admitted his brother, C. M. Hirsheimer. to a
partnership, while in 1888 another brother, I. G.
Hirsheimer, became a member of the firm, and
now the firm is Louis D. Hirsheimer & Brothers.
At the present time these brothers largely con-
duct the cigar and tobacco business, while Louis
D. Hirsheimer gives his attention in greater meas-
ure to outside business affairs. He has made a
notable record as a successful man through the
improvement of his opportunities, his watchful-
ness of the trade and his progressive methods

which have been the salient features in a business
which is as creditable as it is gratifying. He was
married in 1889 to Miss Hannah Meyer, of
Springfield, Illinois, a beautiful and popular lady,
who died in 1891. In community affairs he has
taken a very active and helpful interest, was town
clerk of Pittsfield for eight years and city treas-
urer for six years. In 1896 he was elected a
member of the state board of equalization and is
now serving for his third term. He is also one of
the directors of the First National Bank of Pitts-
field and has been a most important factor in
business and political circles, leaving the impress
of his individuality upon the public life of the
city and its advancement along various progres-
sive lines. C. M. and I. G. Hirsheimer, the next
members of the family are, as before stated, con-
nected with their brother in the cigar and to-
bacco trade, practically having charge of the con-
duct of their extensive house. Ida is the wife of
A. L. Stone, one of the large wholesale jewelry
merchants of the west, doing business in Chicago,
and they have one son, Irving Stanley Stone, who
is an exceptionally bright boy ten years old, and
is a special favorite with the Hirsheimer family.
He is a natural student, greatly interested in all
things pertaining to electricity and railroads.

In his political views Mr. Sam Hirsheimer, Sr.,
the father, is a stalwart democrat but has never
had aspiration for office. In 1850 he joined the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Fayette-
ville, Ohio, and now belongs to Pittsfield lodge,
Xo. 95, being today the oldest Odd Fellow in
Pike county, and one of the oldest in the state.
In 1901 the lodge of Pittsfield presented him with
a cane in appreciation of his fidelity to the order
through the long years of his connection there-
with and his capability as an officer, for he has
filled all of the chairs in the lodge. He has also
been a member of the Bna Bris lodge, of Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, since 1850, a Jewish organization,
with which he is still in good standing. He holds
membership in the Jewish temple at Springfield,
Illinois, and during the holiday seasons he acts
as minister here, there being no regularly organ-
ized church of the faith in Pittsfield. Mr. Hir-
sheimer was the first depositor in the First Na-
tional Bank of Pittsfield and is now one of its

458

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

stockholders. He and his wife celebrated their
golden wedding anniversary in April, 1902, and
both are still enjoying good health. He and his
sons own twenty-five residences and business
blocks in Pittsfield beside much valuable farming
property in the county, and the family is one of
great prominence, having contributed in large
measure to the substantial upbuilding, business
development and material progress of the county.
Mr. Hirsheimer, now at the age of eighty years,
has had a remarkable record for success, coming
to this country with very limited capital but im-
proving his opportunities and utilizing his advan-
tages as the years have gone by. He is one of
the most venerable citizens of Pittsfield, and in-
deed is the oldest merchant here or in Pike
county. His career merits praise and admiration
and should inspire others with a sense of the true
worth and value of character and indefatigable
energy as a moving force in business life.

JOHN A. HARBOURN.

John A. Harbourn has been active in promoting
various interests that have proven of value in
business, social and moral development of Pike
county and as a representative citizen well de-
serves mention in this volume. He was born in
London, Canada, October 27, 1844, a son of Jef-
frey and Bridget (Carney) Harbourn, both of
whom were natives of Dublin, Ireland. They
came to America on the same sailing vessel from
Liverpool, England, reaching New York city
in 1842. The voyage consumed six weeks, and
from the eastern metropolis they made their way
to London, Canada, where Mr. and Mrs. Har-
bourn were married in 1842. They remained
residents of that country until 1867, and the fa-
ther worked at the trade of cabinetmaking. He
was also a contractor and bridge builder, and built
many bridges in the Dominion. In 1867 he re-
moved from Canada to Brookfield, Missouri,
where he conducted a hotel for about two years,
and then sold out, after which he went to Linn
county, Missouri, where he turned his attention
to farming, owning at one time two hundred and

forty acres of land. He first purchased eighty
acres from the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad
Company, now the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
Railroad Company. The tract was at that time
wild prairie, and he and his family were pioneer
settlers of the locality. He at once began the
improvement and development of the property,
and in • the course of time transformed it into
productive fields. He held membership in the
Presbyterian church ; and was an Orangeman-
while living in Canada. In politics he was a
democrat until 1864, when he espoused the cause
of the republican party, of which he continued
a supporter up to the time of his demise. His
death occurred in Unionville, Missouri, in 1898,
when he had reached the advanced age of eighty-
three years, while his wife died in Jacksonville,
Illinois, in 1902, when she was seventy-six years
of age. In their family were four children, two
sons and two daughters, all of whom are yet liv-
ing, namely: John A.; Mary Ann, the wife of
Edward Cunningham, of Missouri ; Phebe, the
wife of Albert Sharp, a resident of Hiawatha,
Kansas; and James, who is married and lives upon
the old homestead.

John A. Harbourn attended school but three
months in Canada and is therefore a self-educated
man. He was fourteen years of age when he left
Canada, and went to Lexington, Michigan, where
he was employed in the salt works, and also in
a lumberyard and at carpentering, his time being
thus occupied until September, 1862, when in re-
sponse to the call of his adopted country, he vol-
unteered as a member of Company C, Sixth
Michigan Cavalry. He served in the Army of
the Potomac under Generals Custer, Kilpatrick
and Sheridan.; and he took part in the battles of
the Wilderness, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Pitts-
burg, Fredericksburg, the second battle of Win-
chester, Falling Water, the raid to Richmond and
many skirmishes. He was ill with typhoid fever
at City Point, and was sent to the field hospital,
after which he was taken to Baltimore, Maryland,
and subsequently to Little York, Pennsylvania.
Later he was transferred to Fort Schuyler, New
York, on the Hudson river, where he lay ill in
the hospital for some time, after which he re-
joined his regiment at Harper's Ferry. His com-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

459

mand was in pursuit of General Johnston, who,
however, surrendered before the regiment reached
him and the Sixth Michigan was then recalled
to Washington, D. C.. where Mr. Harbourn par-
ticipated in the grand review, the most celebrated
military pageant ever seen on the western hemi-
sphere. Later the Sixth Michigan was sent to
Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and was there dis-
charged on the 5th of July, 1865.

Mr. Harbourn became a resident of Pike
county in 1866. He has been engaged in contract-
ing, in levee work, has followed farming and has
been an officer for the state in the game and fish
department. He is one of the best wheat raisers
in the county, and has twenty acres of land on
which he has raised fifty-one bushels and one
peck to the acre. For thirty years he has rented
the D. M. Morris farm, consisting of two hun-
dred and forty acres, but has never had any writ-
ten contract in all this time, a fact which shows
his thorough reliability in business matters. At
the present time he is farming six hundred acres
of land, and is one of the leading and enterprising
agriculturists of this part of the state.

Mr. Harbourn was married, July 4, 1867, to
Miss Mary Elizabeth Burkes, a daughter of
Henry and Sarah Burkes, the former a native of
Kentucky, and the latter of Tennessee. In their
family were ten children. Mr. and Mrs. Har-
bourn were married in Buchanan, Missouri. The
lady was born in Indiana, November 8, 1848, and
when but an infant was brought to Morgan
county, Illinois, and at the age of seven years
removed to Missouri. By this marriage there are
eleven children: Louise E., Mary E., Alice R.,
Lydia S., George F., Jessie D., John H., Asa D.,
Benjamin Harrison, Amos and Bertha.

In politics Mr. Harbourn is a stalwart repub-
lican and has served as school director, school
trustee, constable and census enumerator in 1890
and 1900. He was a delegate to the state repub-
lican convention at Springfield in 1904, casting
seventy-eight votes for Yates and one for De-
neen ; also a delegate to the congressional conven-
tion at Jerseyville, and the senatorial convention
at Pittsfield the same year. He belongs to the
Kinderhook lodge, No. 353, A. F. & A. M., in
which he has served as junior deacon and junior

warden, and he his likewise been a delegate to the
state grand lodge, attending the meeting in Chi-
cago in 1902. He affiliates with Kinderhook
lodge, No. 757, I. O. O. F., of which he is a past
noble grand. Both he and his wife belong to the
Order of the Eastern Star, in which he has been
worthy patron; and they are identified with the
Rebekah degree in Odd Fellowship, while Mr.
Harbourn is a member of General W. T. Sher-
man post, No. 45, G. A. R., at Hannibal, Mis-
souri.

Both he and his wife are devoted members of
the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he has
served as trustee, as class leader and one of the
stewards. He has taken a most active part in
church and kindred work, and has been presi-
dent of the township Sunday School Association,
and has been chosen a member of the executive
committee. His labors have been effective in
the work of the church in all of its departments ;
and in all of life's relations he has been found
trustworthy, manifesting the same loyalty to duty
which he displayed when he followed the stars
and stripes upon the battle-fields of the south.

JOHN ROY POLLOCK, M. D.

Dr. John Roy Pollock, one of the active young
physicians of Pike county, who for two years has
been engaged in practice, was born in Nebo, Sep-
tember 29, 1879, and was reared and educated
here. He is a son of Dr. R. R. Pollock, men-
tioned on another page of this volume. He fol-
lowed his public-school education by the study
of medicine under the direction of his father and
pursued his first course of lectures in the Keokuk
Medical College, which he entered in 1900. He
also pursued three courses in the medical depart-
ment of Barnes University and was graduated
with the class of 1904. He then returned home
and entered upon active practice, since which time
he has built up a good business, which is grati-
fying evidence of the trust reposed in him by the
general public.

Dr. Pollock was married near Nebo in October,
1899, to Miss Jessie P. Sitton, who was born and

460

PAST AND I 'RESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

reared here and w.as educated in the public schools
of Pike county and of Peoria, Illinois. Her father,
Tames A. Sitton, is a prominent farmer of Pleas-
ant Hill township. Dr. Pollock and his wife have
a large circle of warm friends and are prominent
socially in Nebo and Pike county. At one time Dr.
Pollock was associated with his brother, R. C.
Pollock, in the drug business in Pittsfield, being
connected with the trade before he pursued his
course in medicine. He is a member of the Ma-
sonic fraternity, belonging to the blue lodge at
Nebo, and he also affiliates with the Knights of
Pythias. His wife is a member of the Baptist
church and a very active and earnest worker in
church and Sunday-school.

SOLON HUNTLEY.

Solon Huntley is one of the best known citizens
of Pike county — the owner and proprietor of the
Elmdale stock farm. His life record began Au-
gust 30, 1836, the place of his nativity being
Ashtabula county, Ohio. He came to ths county
with his parents, Harlow and Elmira (Partridge)
Huntley. The father was born in Allegany
county, New York, July 19, 1806, and died in
Pike county in 1879. The mother's birth occurred
in Massachusetts on Christmas day of 1809 and
they were married in the Empire state. Unto
them were born twelve children, of whom ten
are yet living. Lyman resides in California.
Eliza is the wife of Henry Shipman and lives in
California but has spent much of her life in Pike
county. Roxanna is the wife of Dexter Milley
and resides in Missouri. Martin is living in
Hadley township, Pike county. Laura is the
widow of A. B. Cobb and makes her home in
California. Solon is the next of the family.
Loren is living in Pittsfield. William was killed
at the battle of Shiloh while serving as a member
of the Union army in Company I, Twenty-eighth
Regiment of Illinois Volunteers. Julia and Mar-
tha are living with their brother Solon. Pardee
is a resident of California. Hattie has departed
this life.

The father, who was a farmer's son, was reared
to the work of the fields and on coming to Pike

county, Illinois in 1843, located in Hadley town-
ship, where he purchased land and began the
development of a farm. He worked persistently
and energetically and as the years passed made
extensive investments in property until he was one
of the large land owners of the county. He was
also extensively engaged in the raising of wheat
and his business were carefully and successfully
conducted. His possessions embraced four hun-
dred acres of land in Hadley township and his
first home was a log cabin but in the course of
years all the evidences of pioneer life were re-
placed by those of a modern civilization. His
early political allegiance was given to the whig
party and he afterward voted with the republican
party and subsequently with the greenback
party. His position in the regard of his fellow
townsmen is indicated by the fact that for thirty
years he was justice of the peace, discharging
his duties with promptness and impartiality. He
was also at one time supervisor of Hadley town-
ship and he took a deep and helpful interest in
school work, realizing the value of educational
development. His wife was a member of the
Methodist church.

Solon Huntley was educated in the district
schools, reared to the occupation of farming,
and at the age of twenty-two years started out
in life on his own account, since which time he
has carried on agricultural pursuits. He began
with two hundred and forty acres of land, which
he purchased in 1860. This proved the nucleus
of his present extensive possessions, for he has
invested in property from time to time until he
now owns ten hundred and forty-five acres, and
all but one hundred and eighty-five acres are in
the home farm. He has built a beautiful home
and other buildings and his farm is divided into
fields of convenient size by well kept fences and
enclosed in the same manner. No equipment of
a model property is lacking and the splendid
appearance of the place is indicative of the care-
ful supervision, keen business discernment and
unfaltering energy of the owner. Mr. Huntley
now rents much of his land, while he gives his
attention to his stock-raising interests. He is
largely engaged in the raising of polled Angus
cattle, having a herd of one hundred and twenty
head. He also raises a large number of hogs

HARLOW HUNTLEY

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

463

and ships most of his stock. He is to-day the
largest landowner in Hadley township and much
of his land is in grass.

Mr. Huntley is independent in politics and has
been school director and supervisor of Hadley
township but office holding has little attraction
for him. In manner he is quiet and unassuming,
concentrating his energies upon his business af-
fairs. He has never married but occupies with
his sisters a most beautiful home, which he
erected and in fact has one of the most attractive
residences in this part of the county. The owner
of the Elmdale stock- farm is well known for his
splendid business qualifications and is honored
and respected by all, not alone because of the
success which he has achieved, but also by
reason of the straightforward methods he has
ever followed.

JUSTUS GRIFFETH.

Justus Griffeth is now living retired upon his
farm in New Salem township after many years of
active and prosperous connection with general
agricultural pursuits. He has passed the eighty-
first milestone on life's journey, having been born
March 25, 1825, in Clermont county, Ohio, his
parents being Samuel C. and Esther (Wilson)
Griffeth, both of whom were natives of New
Jersey, and were of Irish descent. The mater-
nal grandfather, Reuben Wilson, was a native of
the Emerald Isle, and after crossing the Atlantic
to the new world served as a member of the Co-
lonial army during the war of the Revolution.
He afterward removed to Clermont county, Ohio,
subsequently to Indiana, and still later to Lima,
Illinois, where he died. His daughter Esther
was born April 28, 1799, and in Ohio became the
wife of Samuel Griffeth, her first home after her
marriage being on a farm in Clermont county,
near Batavia, Ohio. About 1838 they removed to
Pike county, Illinois, settling on a farm of eighty
acres on section 14, New Salem township. There
were but few neighbors, and these lived some
distance away. Wild animals, however, were nu-
merous, including wolves and wildcats. There

were also many deer, turkeys and other wild game
in the county, so that it was not difficult for
a good hunter to supply his table with fresh meat.
The father's financial circumstances were lim-
ited and he was obliged to work hard to support
his family and develop his farm, on which only
slight improvements had been made when it came
into his possession. Nor was he permitted to en-
joy his new home for a long period, for his
death occured in 1842. He left several chil-
dren to the care of a devoted mother, who sup-
ported her famly by spinning, weaving and other
work which she could find to do, a part of the time
even carding hec.qwn wool. She lived upon a
rented far,)jn but after £ number of years, owing
to her economy and diligence, she was able to pur-
chase a property. She kept a number of cows
and walked a mile and a half to New Salem to
market butter, eggs and other farm produce. She
was a lady of remarkable strength of both body
and mind and did her own household work and
transacted her own business until the summer
prior to her death, which occurred forty-five
years after her husband's demise, on the 25th of
February, 1887, when she had reached the ad-
vanced age of eighty-eight years. Mrs. Griffeth
was most highly respected by those who knew
her and was spoken of in terms of praise by her
many friends, who recognized the noble and ster-
ling qualities which she had manifested in the
care of her own family, the management of her
business interests and the assistance which she
had rendered to friends and neighbors in times
of illness or breavement, for she was ever ready
to sacrifice her own comfort to aid others. She
was a most consistent and faithful member of the
Methodist Episcopal church, and no one con-
nected with the church at New Salem is more
lovingly remembered than "Grandma Griffeth,"
as she was generally called. In the family were
eleven children, three of whom are now living.
Those deceased are : George W., Esther, Samuel
J., Mrs. Caroline Hughes, Wesley, John D., Isaac
and one who died in infancy. Those who still
survive are: Justus; Lydia A. Griffeth, who is
living in New Salem ; and James W. Griffeth,
a resident of Kansas.

464

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The children had but limited school privileges,
although the mother did the best she could to-
ward giving them an education, and as far as pos-
sible made up, through home instruction, what
they lacked in school training. Justus Griffeth
pursued his studies in the schools of Clermont
county, Ohio, and for about a year after coming to
Pike county, whither he made his way with his
parents when thirteen years of age. When the
school year was ended he began work, following
any pursuit that would yield him an honest living,
and manifested a willingness to undertake any
labor, however hard, provided that it was honest
and useful. He was working at Phillips Ferry
when the Mormons emigrated to Missouri, and he
helped take Hiram Smith and his family across
the river. He heard the men talking of their
future intentions and, pointing to the boys, say
that they intended to take all such urchins and
knock their brains out against the trees. The river
was very high at that time and the passage over
was made in a flatboat manned by oars in the
hands of Justus Griffeth and an elder brother.
The lads determined that all the Mormons should
not reach the far west and laid their plans to
sink a boatload of them. They overloaded their
boat and pulled out to cross as a steamer was
coining, but one of the fattest horses on board
fell into the river and thus lightened the boat
sufficiently to prevent the catastrophe for which
the boys had planned. The lads were very much
dissappointed and cared much more for their ill
success than for the reprimand which they re-
ceived for their supposed carelessness. The wife
of Hiram Smith was' one of their passengers and
during the crossing of the swollen stream she
sang, prayed and cursed the boys in turn.

Justus Griffeth worked out by the day or
month, breaking prairie with a team of seven yoke
of oxen and a thirty-inch plow. He also did
threshing with a "chaff piler" machine and he as-
sisted in clearing the home farm, grubbing out
the stumps, making rails and chopping cord wood.
He worked as a wood chopper on the Illinois
river one winter for forty cents per cord. When
working by the month he was never paid higher
than ten dollars and generally received but seven
dollars per month for his wages and was obliged

to do his own washing. No matter at what he
worked his wages went to his mother, with whom
he made his home until his marriage, which
occurred when he was twenty-three years of age.

It was on the 2d of November, 1848, that
Justus Griffeth wedded Elizabeth Conkright,
with whom he lived happily until June 27, 1859,
when she laid aside the cares of life to enter into
eternal rest. She was born in Kentucky, January
12, 1826, and her parents, William and Martha
(Bell) Conkright; were also natives of that state.
The Conkrights became early residents of Pike
count}', settling on section 34, New Salem town-
ship, in 1835. There the father and mother died
many years ago, and of the original family,
consisting of parents and four children, not one
is now alive. Mrs. Elizabeth Griffeth bore her
husband five children, but only two are now liv-
ing. Riley P., married Caroline Shrigley and
lives in New Salem township. They had four
children : Emmett, a resident of Oklahoma ; Lulu
M., the wife of George Moore, who is living in
New Salem township; Elva H., deceased; and
Roy, residing at home. John F. Griffeth married
Matilda Bridgeman, lives in Griggsville town-
ship and has six children, as follows : Anna, the
wife of Charles Bridgeman, of Rockport, Illinois ;
Ray ; Jesse ; Elmer ; Fred ; and Ada.

Following his marriage Mr. Griffeth settled
upon a tract of raw land on section 28, New Salem
township, his dwelling being a log cabin which
contained the usual primitive furnishings. He
improved his land and afterward sold the prop-
erty, at which time he bought a tract in Martins-
burg township, near New Hartford, which he
afterward also sold. In 1858 he purchased a farm
on section '25, New Salem township, and has made
it his permanent location. He has added to it
all of the present improvements, including the
various farm buildings and his present residence,
which is a most attractive home, forming one of
the pleasing features of the landscape. He owns
two hundred and twenty acres of rich and pro-
ductive land, which he leases to his sons, for he
has now retired from active work, and he and his
wife are now enjoying life in a pleasant residence
supplied with an adequate store of those things
which go to make life worth living. For eight

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

465

years Mr. Griffeth was engaged in shipping grain
and stock from Maysville, Pittsfield, Griggsville,
New Salem and Baylis and he also found this a
profitable source of income.

On the 1 6th of March, 1860., Mr. Griffeth was
married a second time, Miss Margaret J. Kennedy
becoming his wife. She was a native of Pennsyl-
vania and by this marriage had one child, now de-
ceased. The wife and mother died May 13, 1886,
and on the loth of May, 1887, Mr. Griffeth wedded
Mrs. Mary A. Kinman, nee Cannon. She was a
daughter of Ephraim and Dorothy (Hunter)
Cannon, natives of Kentucky and Arkansas, re-
spectively. The parents of both the father and
mother removed to Lincoln county, Missouri,
and there the young man and maiden were made
man and wife. In 1832, while wild animals
were still numerous in Pike county and when the
work of improvement and progress seemed scarce-
ly begun, they came here, taking up their abode
in a log cabin upon the present site of the city
of Pittsfield. Mr. Cannon aided in laying out
the county seat and was a very prominent and
influential resident of this part of the state, serv-
ing as county sheriff for two terms and in other
positions of public trust. He was a recognized
leader in political circles and was also numbered
among the large and prosperous landowners of
the county. He died in 1865, while his wife
survived until 1878. They were the parents of
eleven children, nearly all of whom were members
of the Christian church. Mrs. Griffeth was born
December 30, 1836, in Pittsfield township, and
acquired an excellent education. She has always
kept well informed on questions of general interest
and she possesses a beautiful Christian character
and the useful attainments which abundantly qual-
ify her for her position at the head of a household.
When she was seventeen years of age she gave
her hand in marriage to T. J. Kinman, who was
a brave and loyal citizen and entered the Union
army as a member of Company K, Ninety-ninth
Illinois Infantry. He rose to the rank of second
lieutenant and, like many of his gallant comrades,
laid down his life on the altar of his country,
being killed in the charge on Vicksburg, May 22,
1863. Unto him and his wife were born four
children. Martin M. wedded Bessie Breeder,

who died leaving one daughter, Edna, now the
wife of Charles Ogden, a resident of Carthage,
Missouri. Martin M. Kinman chose for his
second wife Jennie Brown and they are now liv-
ing in Missouri with their daughter, Lena. Mrs.
Lizzie Goddard resides in Arkansas and has two
children, Allie and Irene. Allie'Kinman, the next
of the family, is living with Mr. and Mrs. Grif-
feth. Susie is the wife of Arthur D. Higgins, of
Indianapolis, Indiana, and they have one child,
Neil Higgins. Mrs. Griffeth owns two hundred
and forty acres of fine land near her husband's
property, which she inherited from her first
husband.

In community interests Mr. Griffeth has taken
an active and helpful part, his labors being far-
reaching and beneficial. He served as school
director for twelve years and was also an efficient
assessor for one year. He has ever been deeply
interested in political questions, has been active
in county affairs since 1846 and has usually been
sent as a delegate to party conventions or acted
as a member of the central committee. During
the border troubles before the admission of Kan-
sas into the Union he traveled through Missouri
in a wagon and although he talked abolition he
never suffered harm although many others were
persecuted because of their pronounced opposition
to slavery. His early political allegiance was
given to the whig party and when the republican
party was formed to prevent the further exten-
sion of slavery he joined its ranks and has since
been one of its advocates. Mrs. Griffeth belongs
to the Christian church and her husband aids her
in its support. He is a man always known for
his straightforward dealing, genial spirit and gen-
uine personal worth and his life record at all
times has made him worthy of confidence and re-
spect. He has ever been an ardent lover of
hunting and has made excursions into Arkansas,
Missouri, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky,
Wiconsin and Minnesota in order to enjoy this
sport, having made fifteen different hunting trips.
He was a capital off-hand shot, and enjoys re-
counting his experiences in field and forest, thus
living again in memory the pleasant hours that
he has devoted to his favorite recreation. On
New Year's day of 1870 he and Thomas Gray

466

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

killed a black bear in the swamps of Mississippi
which weighed over five hundred pounds. They
caught the animal in a steel trap that weighed
forty pounds, but he broke loose and after fol-
lowing his trail for three hours they shot him
dead, eight bullets piercing his body before a
vital spot was reached. They brought the ani-
mal home and exhibited it on the public square
in Pittsfield. Mr. Griffeth has traveled quite
extensively, covering ten thousand miles on the
ocean, while he has twice crossed the isthmus of
Panama, visited points in old Mexico and more
than Half of the states of the Union. In 1856
he went by the water route to California and spent
several months in prospecting but returned to
his home before the expiration of the year. The
greater part of his life has been devoted to
agricultural pursuits and his well directed labors
have brought to him the prosperity which now
enables him to put aside further business cares
and in the evening of his life to enjoy the fruits,
of former toil in a well earned rest. Not to know
Mr. Griffeth in Pike county is to argue oneself
unknown, for he has a very extensive acquaint-
ance and his active life and close connection with
public interests have made him a notable figure
here.

GEORGE R. FISHER:

George R. Fisher is the owner of one hundred
and twenty acres of fine land and this property
is the proof of an active and well spent life, for
he started out upon his business career empty-
handed. A native of Greene county, Missouri,
he was born March 2, 1854, his parents being
John R. and Mary A. (Allred) Fisher. The
father's birth occurred near Nashville, Tennessee.
March 12, 1812, and he died on the 6th of Febru-
ary, 1867. His wife, who was horn July if>, 1815,
departed this life March 20, 1870. Frederick-
Fisher, the paternal grandfather of our subject.
was a native of Germany and was sent to America
as one of the soldiers who had been employed by
the English government to crush out the rebellion
among the colonists in 1776. When he landed in
this countrv, however, he deserted from the I'.rit-

ish army and joined the colonists, fighting for the
independence of the nation for abort two years.
He was wounded in the leg at Bunker Hill and
crawled under a brush pile, but was found there
by one of the enemy who thrust a bayonet through
his shoulder and left him for dead. Life, how-
ever, was not extinct and after his wound was
dressed he recovered and lived to be nearly ninety
years of age. Removing from the east to Ten-
nessee, he there engaged in teaching school and
was also the owner of a large farm in that state.
He was a liberally educated man and talked both
German and English.

John R. Fisher, father of our subject, removed
from Tennessee to Jackson county, Missouri, in
1834 and was there engaged in general farming
for three years. In 1837 he came to Pike county,
Illinois, where he remained until 1853, when he
went to Greene county, Missouri, where he re-
mained for eighteen months. In 1855 he came
to Pike county, settling on what is known as the
John Kendrick farm. His remaining days were
passed in this county with the exception of a
brief period of eighteen months spent in Missouri
and two years passed at Nauvoo, Hancock coun-
ty, Illinois. He was one of the early settlers of
Pike county, whose efforts in behalf of public
progress were felt as a beneficial force. Here he
reared a large family of thirteen children, but only
three are now living : William, who resides in
New Canton ; George R. ; and Charles, who makes
his home near his brother George. The mother
was a member of the Latter Day Saints.

George R. Fisher was educated in the Brewster
school in one of the little log schoolhouses com-
mon in pioneer times. He started out to earn his
own living when but sixteen years of age and
was employed at farm labor from the 3d of
March until the i/th of October. 1881. He then
began working for a railroad company and con-
tinued in that service for eight years and a half,
when, with the capital which he had managed to
save from his earnings, he purchased a farm of
forty acres on section 16, Pleasant Vale town-
ship, where he now resides. He began the cul-
tivation of the place in 1890 and has since car-
ried on general farming, raising corn and wheat.
On the loth of January, 1901, he bought eighty

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

467

acres near the old place and now has altogether
one hundred and twenty acres of rich and pro-
ductive land, which has greatly appreciated in
value by the care and cultivation he has bestowed
upon it.

On the 25* of September, 1881, Mr. Fisher
was married to Miss Laura J. Fowler, who was
born in Derry township, Pike county, on the 28th
of November, 1861, and is a daughter of Bloomer
and Rebecca (Collyer) Fowler, the former a na-
tive of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana. Her
father was a butcher by trade and also dealt in
furs and other commodities, being proprietor of a
hotel in Rockport for a number of years. He had
twelve children, of whom eight are now living.
Following the death of his first wife he married
again and there was one child by the second union.
The brothers and sisters of Mrs. Fisher are: J.
W. Fowler, a farmer and school teacher, living in
Middletown, Missouri ; Mrs. Elmira Wilson, of
Summer Hill, Pike county; Mrs. Luemma Ban-
corn, of New Canton ; Mrs. Mary A. Palmer, of
Creston, Iowa ; J. L. Fowler, of Kendrick, Idaho ;
B. P. Fowler, of Cunningham, Washington ; and
Elmer Fowler, of New Canton. Mrs. Fisher was
the fourth in order of birth and by her marriage
she became the mother of four children but two
have passed away, Ellis E., who died at the age
of five and a half years, and Laura Fay when
five months old. Those still living are Leslie W.
and Lester L., twins, born March 12, 1895.

The family home is pleasantly located about a
half mile southwest of New Canton, so that they
are enabled to readily acquire the comforts of
town life and also to enjoy the advantages of a
rural residence. Mr. Fisher votes with the democ-
racy and is a member of camp No. 1148, M. W.
A., of New Canton. His wife is a member of the
Mutual Protective League, the Royal Neighbors
of America and the Pike County Mutual Life In-
surance Association and she also belongs to the
Christian" church. She was educated in the El-
dara public schools. Mr. Fisher started out in
life at the bottom of the ladder and has climbed
steadily upward until he has reached the plane
of affluence. Every cent that he has ever pos-
sessed and enjoyed has been acquired by earnest
and honest labor and such a course has won the

admiration and respect of his fellow townsmen
who speak of him in terms of esteem, good
will and confidence.

ELLIOTT BAKER.

Elliott Baker owns a farm on sections 9 and 16,
Martinsburg township, and is one of the pros-
perous agriculturists and successful business men
of Pike county. It was upon this farm that he
was born and as his entire life has been passed
in this locality he is now well known in Pitts-
field and throughout the county, where he has
made a splendid reputation as a man of tried in-
tegrity and worth. Moreover he is one of the
veterans of the Civil war, having fought valiant-
ly for the old flag which was the symbol of the
Union. The farm which he now owns and which
is the old homestead property of the Baker fam-
ily comprises one hundred and sixty acres of val-
uable and well improved land.

It was upon this place that Mr. Baker first
opened his eyes to the light of day on the 2d of
January, 1842. His father was James Baker, a
native of Ohio, and his grandfather was Joseph
Baker, who removed from the Buckeye state to
Illinois about 1832. Here he purchased land and
opened up a farm. James Baker, having arrived
at years of maturity, was married to Miss Mary
Betts in Ross county, Ohio, and later he and his
wife rode across the country on horseback to join
his father here. He continued a resident of Mar-
tinsburg township until his death, which occurred
about 1846. His wife survived him and reared
her family, doing a mother's full part toward her
children, to whom she gave every advantage pos-
sible.

Elliott Baker remained upon the old homestead
with his mother, attended the public schools
through the winter months" and in the summer
seasons aided in the labors of the field. He was
thus engaged until about twenty years of age,
when on the I4th of March, 1862, he responded
tq his country's call for aid and joined Company
B of the Third Missouri Cavalry, which was at-
tached to the Western Armv. He served for three

468

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

years and was in a number of small battles and
several important ones. On one occasion he sus-
tained a gunshot wound in the right arm but he
lost no time from active service and he was hon-
orably discharged at Macon City, Missouri, March
14, 1865.

Upon his return home Mr. Baker took charge
of his mother's property and business interests.
The following year he was married in Pike coun-
ty on the 1 3th of September, 1866, to Miss Susan
C. Gooden, whom he brought to the farm and
with whom he traveled life's journey happily until
March 12, 1890, when she was called to her final
home, her remains being interred in Prairie
Mound cemetery. There were four children born
of that union. On the 3d of March, 1904, Mr.
Baker was again married, his second union being
with Josephine Alcorn.a native of this county. His
children are : Sherman, who is married and re-
sides in Los Angeles, California; Mary F., the
wife of David Rupert, a resident farmer of Mar-
tinsburg township; Lilly E., the wife of Ernest
Ellis, of the state of Washington ; and Logan, at
home.

Mr. Baker has built a good neat residence upon
his farm, also substantial barns and outbuildings,
has fenced the place and by this means has di-
vided it into fields of convenient size. He has
made most of the present improvements upon the
property, which indicates his careful supervision,
his practical methods and his keen insight into
agricultural affairs. In connection with general
farming he raises and feeds stock for the mar-
ket and feeds a carload or two of hogs each year.
In this business he has won prosperity and is re-
garded as one of the successful agriculturists of
the county. His political allegiance is given to
the republican party, which he has supported
since casting his first presidential ballot for Gen-
eral Grant in 1868, save on one occasion. He has
taken an active and helpful part in political work
and has been elected and served for three consecu-
tive terms as supervisor, acting on a number of
committees while a member of the board, includ-
ing the finance and other important committees.
He has been chairman of the township committee
and as a friend of the public-school system he did
effective service for the schools, acting as a mem-

ber of the board of education. He belongs to
Pittsfield lodge, A. F. & A. M., and has also
taken the Royal Arch and commandery degrees
but is now demitted. In matters of citizenship
he has been as loyal to his country and her wel-
fare in days of peace as when he wore the blue
uniform of the nation upon southern battle-fields.
His life has been characterized by untiring ac-
tivity in business, by fidelity in citizenship, by loy-
alty in friendship and by trustworthiness in all
life's relations.

GEORGE H. DUXX.

George H. Dunn, who after long years of active
and honorable connection with farming interests
in Pike county is now living retired in Perry, was
born in Morgan county, Illinois, February 28,
1838. His parents were Harvey and Angeline
(Milligan) Dunn and the family is of Irish line-
age in the paternal line, representatives of the
name having located in Providence, Rhode Is-
land, prior to the establishment of American in-
dependence. Following the Revolutionary war
they became residents of the state of New York
and it was there that Harvey Dunn was born. In
his boyhood days he went to Indiana and subse-
quently removing to Ohio was there connected
with building operations. In 1837 ne came to
Morgan county, Illinois, locating at Meredosia
and was connected with railroad construction on
what is now the Wabash line. The year 1840 wit-
nessed his arrival in Pike county and after en-
gaging in general merchandising in Chambers-
burg for some years he sold out there and bought
a farm in Chambersburg township whereon he
remained until his death, which occurred when
he was sixty-two years of age. He wielded a
wide influence over public thought and opinion
in Pike county and was called by his fellow towns-
men to act as their representative in the constitu-
tional convention of 1847. He filled various local
offices and was an advocate of democratic princi-
ples, while his religious faith was that of the
Methodist Episcopal church. His wife, who bore
the maiden name of Angeline Milligan, was born
in Massachusetts and was descended from Puritan

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

469

ancestry. In early womanhood she accompanied
her parents to Ohio, \yhere she was married and
her death occurred at the birth of her son, George
H., of this review. She was a true Christian
woman and, like her husband, belonged to the
Methodist Episcopal church.

George H. Dunn acquired a public-school edu-
cation in Pike county, to which place he was
brought by his father in 1839. He early became
familiar with the various duties that fall to the
lot of the agriculturist and when twenty-one years
of age began farming in Chambersburg town-
ship. Subsequently he purchased land and later
added to the property until he had two hundred
and sixty-five acres. He then sold out and bought
a farm in Perry township, devoting his attention
to general agricultural pursuits and stock-raising.
For many years he was active in this work and
in 1904 he put aside business cares and removed
to Perry, where be now resides. Mr. Dunn has
been married twice. He first wedded Miss Susan
Dennis and their two children died in infancv .
Her father, Clark Dennis, married a Miss
Stought. On the I2th of November, 1890, Mr.
Dunn was again married, his second union being
with Mary Lackschiede, who was born in Perry
township, October 29, 1861, her parents being
William D. and Mary (Heberlain) Lackschiede,
both of whom were natives of Germany. The
father, who was born in Saxony, February 25,
1821, died February 24, 1903. The mother's birth
occurred October 30, 1840, and they were mar-
ried in Perry, Illinois. Of this union there were
twelve children, namely: Mrs. Dunn; William D.,
who is now living in Seattle, Washington ; Lou,
who married Peter Swarts and resides in Hanni-
bal, Missouri ; Ellen, the wife of Harvey Brown-
ing, of Perry township ; Henry, who married
Lovey Morgan and is living in Perry township ;
Simon, who wedded Lizzie Hippie and is living in
Perry township; Ida, who resides in the village
of Perry ; Malinda, the wife of Stanley Jones, of
Perry township ; George, who is living upon the
old homestead farm ; Matilda, who is with her
mother ; Rudy, at home ; and Lewis, who died in
infancy. The father came to America in 1854.
crossing the Atlantic on a steamer to New York
city, whence he made his way to Pike county. He

located first in Mount Sterling and was employed
by John Craven, while later he began working for
John George. His first purchase of land com-
prised forty acres in Perry township and was a
tract of wild timber. He first built a log house
and as the years advanced he continued the fur-
ther improvement of the property, to which he
added until the farm embraced one hundred and
twenty acres devoted to the cultivation of grain
and to the raising of stock. He continued in busi-
ness up to the time of his death. Both he and his
wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal
church and in politics he was a democrat.

Mr. Dunn has never been an aspirant for pub-
lic office, but votes with the democracy. He is
content to leave office-seeking to others, yet he
keeps well informed on all the questions and is-
sues of the day. He was made a Mason in Perry
lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M., in 1860, and he
became one of the charter members of Perry chap-
ter, R. A. M. He also belongs to the commandery
at Pittsfield and in his life exemplifies the benefi-
cent spirit of the craft which is based upon mu-
tual helpfulness and brotherly kindness. He be-
longs to the Methodist Episcopal church and his
membership relations are indicative of his life of
uprightness and honor. His worth is greatly ap-
preciated and his name is regarded as a synonym
for integrity in all life's relations.

WILLIAM BORTHWICK, JR.

William Borthwick, Jr., undertaker and em-
balmer, is recognized as one of the leading busi-
ness men of Barry, where he has been located in
the conduct of his present enterprise for seven
years. He is a native son of the county, his
birth having occurred in Kinderhook on the 22d
of May, 1872, his parents being William and
Martha (Likes) Borthwick. The father was
born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1832, and was a
son of James and Mary (Oilmen) Borthwick,
both of whom were natives of England. In the
year 1857 William Borthwick arrived in Pike
county, settling in Barry township, where he has
since made his home, giving his time and atten-

470

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

tion to . farming. He owns one hundred and
twenty acres of land which he has placed under
a high state of cultivation, the fields giving prom-
ise of golden harvests. He was married in 1859
to Miss Martha Likes, who was born in this
county in 1840 and died in 1873, leaving seven
children, Mary, Isabelle, Emma, Minerva, Bar-
bara, James and William. In his political affilia-
tion the father is a democrat and has been called
to the office of justice of the peace. Fraternally
he is connected with the Masonic lodge while his
religious faith is indicated by his membership in
the Methodist church.

William Borthwick of this review was educated
in the common schools and when fourteen years
of age started out upon his business career. Leav-
ing home, he went to Quincy, where he was em-
ployed for a few months and then made his way
southward, where he remained for a year. Re-
tracing his steps as far as Kentucky, he there
engaged in the undertaking business for six years.
He has visited the best undertaking schools"bf
the country and is splendidly qualified for the
work which now claims his attention. Returning
to Barry in 1895 he was for two years employed
at the Blair hotel and afterward went to New
York and Hartford, Connecticut, spending a short
time in both places. Subsequently he came again
to Barry, where in October. 1807, ne established
an undertaking business, which he has since
followed. He was in partnership with James
Smith but afterward purchased his interest and
admitted Mr. Hazen to a partnership but event-
ually became sole proprietor and is now conduct-
ing the business alone. He has five hearses, four
in Barry and one at Hull Station. In this town he
has two white hearses and two black ones. He
keeps the best outfit in Pike county, carries a
large line of fine caskets and is doing an excellent
business, being represented by an agent at Xew
Canton. Eldara. Hull and Kinderhook.

In May, 1897, Mr. Borthwick was united in
marriage to Miss Ida Smith, of Barry, a
daughter of George W. and Alta C. (Blair)
Smith. Her father was born in Belmont county,
Ohio, February 8, 1851, and was a son of James
and Sarah Smith, who became residents of Barry.
He removed with his parents to Pike county in

1856, when but five years of age and was edu-
cated in this city. In 1874 he was joined in
wedlock to Miss Alta C. Blair, a daughter of
Samuel Blair, and unto them were born two
children.

Mr. and Mrs. Borthwick have two sons, Men-
dell and Harold. Mr. Borthwick owns a fine six-
room cottage standing on two lots in an attrac-
tive residence portion of Barry. He is a socialist
and has been an earnest student of the signs of
the times, keeping in touch with the most mod-
ern thought. Both he and his wife hold mem-
bership in the Methodist church and he belongs
to the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Or-
der of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias lodge
and the Modern Woodmen camp. In the spring
of 1905 he was elected city attorney of Barry and
has been honored with other local offices, having
served as city clerk for two years, as city treas-
urer for two years and as justice of the peace
for four years. In the discharge -of his official
duties he has. ever been found prompt, capable
and reliable, and his record as a business man,
official and private citizen is commendable and
worthy of emulation.

MARCUS McCARTER.

Marcus McCarter is the owner of over six
hundred acres of valuable land equipped with
excellent improvements. His possessions indi-
cate his position in business circles, his name be-
ing an honored one on commercial paper, and
yet in his boyhood days, at the time when he
started out in life on his own account, Marcus Mc-
Carter was empty-handed, having no capital to
asssist him in his business career. All that he
possesses has been acquired through earnest, per-
sistent labor. He has been watchful of oppor-
tunities pointing to success, and his well directed
energy and unflagging industry have constituted
the basis of his present prosperity.

Born in Pike county on the 27th of February.
1842, he was educated in the public schools, and
when not busy with his text-books he worked
in the fields upon his father's farm. His parents

OF THE
,,!HVf*SiTV Of -

MRS. MARCUS McCARTER

MARCUS McCARTER

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

475

were James and Margaret (White) McCarter,
both of whom were natives of Londonderry, Ire-
land. The father was born August 8, 1805, and
the mother April 12, 1807. They came to the
United States in 1832, taking passage upon a
sailing vessel which eventually reached the har-
bor of Philadelphia. Two children were born
unto them during their residence in that city. In
1836 they came westward to Illinois, making the
journey by way of the Ohio and Mississippi riv-
ers to Quincy, where Mr. McCarter secured em-
ployment in connection with the improvement of
the streets. He was thus engaged until 1838,
when he came to Pike county and purchased forty
acres of wild land with the money which
he had saved from his earnings. In the midst
of this tract he built a log cabin and in true pio-
need style began life in this county, where hith-
erto little work of progress and improvement had
been clone. His frugality, industry and busi-
ness integrity constituted the secret of his suc-
cess and by these means he added continually to
his capital, which he wisely invested in land un-
til he became the owner of four hundred and
twenty acres. He never went in debt, but paid
for his land at the time of his purchase and he
ever maintained and unassailable reputation for
business integrity. He broke the wild prairie and
cleared away the timber until where was once
the dense forests the sun shone upon plowed fields
and in due course of time ripened good har-
vests. He was engaged quite extensively in the
raising of wheat, harvesting between four and
five thousand bushels each year. He also became
well known as a large stock-raiser, making a
specialty of hogs which he killed and sold at
Griggsville and Barry. Earnest, unremitting la-
bor proved the foundation of his prosperity and
his life record is a splendid exemplification that
a man may work his way steadily upward to a
position of affluence if he has the will to dare
and to do. He voted with the democratic party,
advocating the political principles promulgated by
Andrew Jackson. His death occurred Sep-
tember 20, 1888, when he had reached the ad-
vanced age of eighty-two years. His wife passed
away October 24, 1868, when sixty years of age.
By this marriage there were born six children,
24

five sons and one daughter, of whom four are
now living, Sarah J., Marcus, James and Andrew.

In his boyhood days Marcus McCarter assist-
ed in the work of the home farm. He attended
the district schools in the winter months and
throughout the remainder of the year worked in
the fields. When twenty-five years of age he be-
gan working as a carpenter. He gave of the first
five dollars which he ever earned three dollars
to the church. He had nothing when he started
out for himself, but he early came to a realiza-
tion of the fact that all honorable success is the
result of close application and diligence combined
with sound judgment in business affairs. He nev-
er allowed his expenses to exceed his income, and,
in fact, saved something each year from his earn-
ings, and when his capital justified his purchase
of land he here made investment of his means
in farm property until. tie is to-day the owner of
over six hundred acres, ojf, very valuable land, on
which are good improvements. The place is
neat and thrifty in appearance, indicating the care-
ful supervision of a painstaking and progressive
owner. In all of his work he has been systematic
and methodical, so directing his labor as to pro-
duce maximum results at minimum expenditure,
which is the secret of all successful business man-
agement. He was one of the organizers of the
Exchange Bank at Baylis, subscribing five thou-
sand dollars in stock to the institution, but while
financially interested in other business concerns
his chief attention is given to his farming and
stock-raising interests. He now has seventy-
five head of fine cattle upon his place and is a
breeder of polled Angus cattle. He also feeds
many cattle each year which he ships to the city
market.

On the 3d of November, 1875, Mr. McCarter
was united in marriage to Miss Mary Kennedy,
who was born in Griggsville township on the
1 6th of October, 1848, and is a daughter of James
E. and Margaret J. (Laird) Kennedy, the for-
mer born in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania,
April 10, 1810, while the latter was born March
14. 1X26. In the year 1838 he arrived in Griggs-
ville township and purchased land. Later he re-
turned to Pennsylvania in 1846, was married there
and with his wife again came to Griggsville town-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ship, where he resided until 1875, in the meantime
improving and cultivating his land until he had
developed a fine farm. In 1875 he removed from
Pike county to Henry county, Illinois, where he
purchased one hundred and eighty acres of land,
whereon he resided until 1889. He then removed
to Alpha, Illinois, where his death occurred on
the 4th of February, 1897. He acted as school
director for many years and the cause of educa-
tion found in him a warm friend. He belonged
to the Presbyterian church, living in harmony
with its teachings and he gave his political sup-
port to the democracy. His widow" still survives
him and now resides in Kansas. In their family
were ten children, of whom four are now living :
Mrs. Marcus McCarter; Alexander, who is liv-
ing in Kansas ; Margaret, the wife of Carl H.
Shinn, also of Kansas ; and Allen, who makes his
home in the Sunflower state.

The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. McCarter has
been blessed with five children, but the eldest died
in infancy. The others are Edith, who was born
March 17, 1879, and is the wife of A. Girard.
who is living in New Salem township and by
whom she has two children ; Joseph R., who
was born July 9, 1881, and living in Englewood,
Kansas; James J., born December 23, 1885, and
now at home ; and Marcus C., who was born Au-
gust 15, 1888, and completes the family.

Mr. McCarter has never had aspiration for pub-
lic office. He has, however, served as school di-
rector for thirty-seven years, save for the brief
period of a single year and has been a champion
for improvement in the schools, believing in main-
taining a high standard of public instruction. In
1868 he joined the Methodist church, but in 1875
united with the Presbyterian church at Baylis,
with which his wife has been connected since
1872. They are devoted members of this church,
in which he has served as one of the trustees ever
since it was organized. They are most generous
contributors to its support and take an active and
helpful part in its work and in the extension of its
influence. Mr. McCarter votes with thedemocracy.
While there have been no exciting chapters in his
life record, his history has been characterized by
steady progress. In his business career he has
known no such word as fail, and by earnest ef-

fort has overcome all difficulties and obstacles in
his path working his way steadily upward. To
those who are familiar with his life history it
would seem trite to say that he has advanced from
a humble position to rank among the leading and
prosperous citizens of the county yet it is just to
say in a history that will descend to future gen-
erations that his has been a record that any man
might be proud to possess, being characterized by
the faithful fulfillment of every obligation that
has devolved upon him.

JACOB SCHEDEL.

Jacob Schedel, deceased, was a native of Ger-
many, born in 1848. He came to America in
1866, after spending the first eighteen years of
his life in his native land and soon took up his
abode in Pittsfield, having in the meantime trav-
eled to some extent. Here he embarked in the
butchering business in connection with his bro-
ther and they were associated in the conduct
of a successful enterprise up to the time of the
death of Jacob Schedel. The farm upon which
his widow now resides was purchased by him
and his brother. He was quite successful in the
conduct of the meat market, securing a liberal
and gratifying patronage which brought him a
good financial return.

Mr. Schedel was married in 1871 to Miss
Charlotte Auer, who was born in Wittenberg,
Germany, in 1852, and came to America with her
parents in 1854, the family home being established
in Pennsylvania. There they remained until 1860,
when they came westward to Illinois and Mrs.
Schedel lived with an aunt, Mrs. Hoffberger.
Her father owned considerable land near New
Canton, Illinois, where he spent his remaining
days, his death occurring in 1900. His wife sur-
vived until July, 1905, passing away at the ad-
vanced age of seventy-nine years. When Mrs.
Schedel came to the west she was twelve years of
age and she lived in New Canton for one winter,
after which she removed to Quincy, Illinois, and
subsequently came to Pittsfield.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Schedel were born eight
children, namelv : Louisa A., the wife of Charles

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

477

Clitts, a resident of New Canton, Illinois ; Bertha
M., the wife of Gust Attaberg, a resident of
Keokuk, Iowa; Theodore F., at home; Harold
F., living in Missouri ; Viola, who is engaged in
teaching school in Pittsfield township ; Ivan, Char-
lotte and Jacob, all at home.

Mrs. Schedel now owns one hundred and sixty
acres of fine and well improved land pleasantly
situated about a mile and a half west of Pitts-
field. She superintends her farming interests,
the work of tilling the soil and raising stock
being carried on there. She has a very nice home
and good buildings upon the farm and in the
control of her property has displayed excellent
business ability and executive force. She is a
member of the German Lutheran church and a
most estimable lady. She proved to her husband
a faithful helpmate and companion on life's jour-
ney, ably assisting him by her energy and capable
management of the household affairs. In his
political views Mr Schedel was a democrat, but
was without aspiration for public office, preferring
to give his time and energies to his business
affairs, and his industry and honorable dealing
were the salient features in his success.

GEORGE B. McKINNEY, D. D. S.

Dr. George B. McKinney, a dental practitioner
of Barry, is a native of Adams county, Illinois,
his birth having occurred there on the 2ist of
May, 1872. He is a son of John G. and Malinda
( Yining) MoKinney, who are presented else-
where in this volume. After mastering th'e pre-
liminary branches of learning he passed through
successive grades of the Barry schools until he
had completed the high-school course and later
he spent one term as a student in the University
of Illinois and afterward entered the Northwest-
ern University at Chicago, matriculating as a
student in the dental department. He completed
the regular course there and was graduated in
1897 with the class of one hundred and thirty
members. I le had passed the state board ex-
amination in 1896 and entered upon active prac-
tice prior to his graduation. Following the com-

pletion of his university course he came to Barry,
where he opened an office and has since remained
in business. He has here purchased a lot on
which he erected a brick office building, thirty
by twenty-eight feet, containing six rooms and
a hall. He has here an electric light plant and water-
works, also a furnace and compressed-air cylinder
and the building is supplied with hot and cold
water throughort. His is one of the most modern
and best equipped dental parlors in the state of Illi-
nois. He uses the latest improved scientific im-
plements known to the profession and keeps in
touch with the marked advance that has been made
in dentistry during the last few years. His work
has given universal satisfaction and is his best
advertisement for 'his patrons recommend him to
others and his patronage is constantly growing.
In 1897 Dr. McKinney was married to Miss
Edith Robb who was born in Griggsville, July
19, 1874, and is a daughter of J. J. and Eliza-
beth (Miller) Robb. Her father was born in 1835,
in Washington county, Pennsylvania, and was
a son of David and Sarah (Wyte) Robb, both
of whom were natives of the Keystone state and
were of German descent. The father was edu-
cated in the public schools and throughout . his
life carried on farming. He came to Illinois in
1858, rented land and continued its cultivation
until after the outbreak of the Civil war, when
he responded to the country's call for aid, en-
listing in the army in 1865 as a member of Com-
pany D, One hundred and Forty-fourth Illinois
Volunteer Infantry, with which he served for
five months in Tennessee He was on detached
duty along the Nashville Railroad and partici-
pated in no battles but took part in some skir-
mishes. Following the close of hostilities he re-
turned to Pike county and settled in Griggsville,
where the family had removed in the meantime.
There he followed the trade of brick-laying for
a time, continuing his residence there until 1877,
when he removed to Barry, where he has since
made his home! He conducted a billiard and
pool room in the town until 1894 and since that
time has been proprietor of a bakery. In 1858
he married Miss Elizabeth Miller, of Pike county,
who was born in Pennsylvania and died here in
January, 1898. They had eight children, of whom

478

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

four are now living: Mrs. Edjth McKinney;
Mortimer, who is associated with his father in
the bakery; J. W., a resident of Centertown,
Missouri ; and Fannie, wife of J. B. Watson, a
hardware merchant of Barry. Mr. Robb is a
republican in his political views, while fraternally
he is connected with the Grand Army of the Re-
public and with the Ancient Order of United
Workmen, having been affiliated with the latter
for twenty-nine years.

Dr. and Mrs. McKinney have one child, Ruth
Marie, born February 21, 1901. The Doctor
votes with the republican party and has been a
member of the city council for two years, exer-
cising his official prerogatives in suppdrt of all
progressive public measures. He belongs to
Barry lodge, No. 34, A. F. & A. M., also the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and to the
Knights of Pythias fraternity, the Modern Wood-
men camp and the Pike County Mutual Asso-
ciation. Along professional lines he is connected
with the Morgan County Dental Society, which
includes five counties within its membership, and
has been honored with the office of vice president.
He is also a member of the State Dental Society.
He began preparation for the profession in 1894
and added to his knowledge of the great scien-
tific principles which underly the work, natural
mechanical skill and ability. The dental pro-
fession is unique in that it demands three dis-
tinct qualifications for success — strong mentality
for the mastery of the science, mechanical ingen-
uity for the operating room, and keen business
discernment for the management of the financial
part of the business. In all Dr. McKinney is well
equipped and his business has constantly grown
in extent and importance.

CHARLES B. GOSE.

Charles B. Gose, a dealer in- general merchan-
dise at Kinderhook, where for twenty-five years
he has been engaged in business so that his name
is inseparably interwoven with the history of com-
mercial activity in the village and who is also
capably carrying on farming interests, was born

in Pike county on the 4th of September, 1837,
and is a son of John and Eliza J. (Bickley) Gose.
The father was born in Russell county, Virginia,
and was reared to the life of a farmer in his
native state. He was married there in March,
1835, to Eliza J. Bickley, also a native of the Old
Dominion. Thirty days after their marriage they
started for Pike county, Illinois, and came over-
land, being a long time upon the way, but event-
ually reaching their destination in safety. They
located on the northwest corner of section 14,
Kinderhook township, securing three hundred
acres of land of which Charles B. Goss now owns
sixty-eight acres besides other property amounting
to four hundred acres. On the father's land a story
and a half log house and a good barn had already
been built and in this primitive pioneer home
the family began their life in the middle west,
The father cultivated and developed new land,
the demanded activity making his life a strenuous
one. In the midst of a busy and energetic career
he passed away, dying in October, 1847, when
yet in the prime of life. His widow long sur-
vived him and was called to her final rest on the
7th of January, 1894. In their family were four
children, three sons and a daughter: Abel A.,
who was born in June, 1836; Charles B., of this
review; George C, born in November, 1839; and
Frances E., the widow of Dr. C. C. Sprague,
and a resident of Kansas City, Missouri. The
parents were both members of the Methodist
church.

Charles B. Gose was educated in the old stone
schoolhouse near his father's home in Pike
county. This structure replaced one of the primi-
tive log schoolhouses of pioneer times which
had been destroyed by fire. He mastered the
common branches of English learning and when
still quite young started out in life on his own
account, being left fatherless at the age of ten
years. He remained at home until twenty-six
years of age, when he began farming on his own
account, following that calling until March, 1881.
Tie then entered into partnership with J. C. Col-
vin in a general store at Kinderhook. the relation
being maintained for two years, after which he
purchased Mr. Colvin's interest and has MHCC
successfully carried on business alone. He has

C. B. GOSIJ

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

481

a general stock of merchandise and also handles
patent medicines and school supplies. In addition
to a part of the old homestead which he now owns
he has purchased more land from time to time
until his possessions at present writing, in 1906,
aggregate four hundred and sixty-eight acres
of valuable land, about one-half of which is lo-
cated on the bottom and the remainder on the
bluff. He rents his land, which is all well im-
proved. It is divided into several farms and he
has good houses and other buildings upon them.
He also owns a dwelling in the town.

On the '20th of October, 1863, Mr. Gose was
tinited in marriage to Miss Cynthia J. Jones, who
was born in Chautauqua county, New York,
February 16, 1840, and is a daughter of H. S.
and Elizabeth (Bain) Jones. The father was
born in Vermont, while the mother's birth oc-
curred in Washington county, New York. They
removed to western New York and in 1854 came
to Pike county, Illinois, where they remained until
1860, when they went to northwestern Wisconsin,
where both died. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Gose were
born four children, two sons now living, while
two daughters have passed away. Bertha,
born in April, 1865, died in January, 1866.
Bessie, born in February, 1867 died in February,
1871. Ernest B., born November 15, 1868, mar-
ried Frances M. Elliott. He attended the United
States Military Academy at West Point, New
York, from 1886 until 1890, and was graduated
in the latter year. He was recommended to West
Point by Hon. J. M. Riggs, of Scott county.
Illinois, who was at that time a member of con-
gress. He is now a captain in the United States
regular army and with his family is stationed in
the Philippines. He has one son, Elliott B.
Charles J., born December 16, 1871, married Car-
rie A. Leach, of Pike county, Illinois, and now
lives in Kinderhook. He is a graduate of the
Missouri Medical College, of St. Louis, of the
class of 1899 but is not now practicing his pro-
fession. He has one child, Cynthia F.

In his political views Mr. Gose is a stalwart
democrat and for twenty-six years served as
school treasurer in Kinderhook township. He has
also been town clerk, assessor and road commis-
sioner. His sons are both members of the Masonic

fraternity. Mr. Gose stands as a splendid ex-
ample of the self-made man and his life exempli-
fies the term, dignity of labor. He and his esti-
mable wife have worked earnestly as the years have
gone by and success have attended their efforts.
They are both people of genuine personal worth
and the history of Mr. Gose may well serve as a
source of inspiration and encouragement to others,
showing what may be accomplished by deter-
mined purpose when guided by good business
judgment and supplemented by indefatigable
industry.

JOSEPH WILSON.

Joseph Wilson, a representative agriculturist of
Pike county, who is engaged in the breeding of
polled Angus cattle' and^Poland China hogs, was
born in Gri*gsyille township, January 22, 1838.
His parents were Joseph-and Elizabeth (Walker)
Wilson. The father's birth "oct'urred near Bos-
ton in Lincolnshire, England, March 6, 1793, and
in his native country he was married. His two
children were born prior to the emigration to
the new world, which occurred in 1829. They
took passage on a westward bound sailing vessel,
which dropped anchor in the harbor of New York
city and thence they proceeded by stage to Chi-
cago and on to La Salle, Illinois, after which they
made their way down the Illinois river to Griggs-
ville Landing. They settled in Griggsville town-
ship, Pike county, where the father built a log
house on land belonging to his brother-in-law,
Robert Walker. Later he purchased ninety acres
of land from Mr. Walker, which was partially
wild prairie, while the remainder was covered
with timber. Mr. Wilson was one of the frontier
residents of this part of the state and shared in all
the Hardships, privations and dangers incident to
pioneer life. Indians frequently visited the neigh-
borhood, wild animals were killed in the forests
and there was much wild game, including deer,
turkeys and prairie chickens. The table of the
early settler was thus often supplied with game
if the man of the household could prove himself
a good shot and the Wilson family board was oft-
en adorned bv the fruits of the chase. As the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

years passed by Mr. Wilson prospered in his busi-
ness undertakings and wisely invested in more
land, becoming the owner of about four hundred
acres, the greater part of which he reclaimed from
its wild condition through his own labors and the
assistance of his sons. He built a frame house
and added other modern improvements, while his
fields were brought under a high state of cultiva-
tion and returned to him good crops. While he
led a busy life he also found opportunity to de-
vote to the general good, served as school director
for many years and assisted in the work of gen-
eral development and progress. He helped to
raise the first house built in Griggsv.ille, it being
a log structure which is still standing. He voted
with the whig party and was a consistent and
faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal
church. His death occurred at the very advanced
age of ninety-six years and eight months, while
his wife passed away in 1876 in her seventy-sixth
year. They were honored and worthy pioneer peo-
ple and their names are inseparably interwoven
with the annals of Pike county because of their
activity in early days when this region was emerg-
ing from pioneer conditions to take on the im-
provements and advantages of civilization. After
coming to this country the family circle was in-
creased by the birth of eight children, the family
record being as follows : Rachel ; David ; Louisa ;
Martha, who married John Scott and is living in
Kansas; Jane Ann; Joseph; Isaac; Sarah;
George, who married Julia Bell and died in Red-
lands, California, November 23, 1905 ; and Eliza-
beth.

Joseph Wilson is today one of the oldest native
sons of Pike county, his life record, covering six-
ty-eight years, being one of close connection with
the interests and especially with the agricultural
development of this part of the state. In his boy-
hood days he assisted his father in the work of
field and meadow and in the winter months after
the crops were harvested he attended the district
schools. When about twenty-one years of age he
took charge of the farm belonging to his brother-
in-law, who had left this" country for Pike's Peak.
He remained upon the farm for about six months
and then began farming on his own account and
also assisted his father. In 1863 he concentrated

his energies entirely upon farm work for himself,
raising wheat and corn. He is today carrying on
general agricultural pursuits on one hundred and
sixty acres of land which is very rich and pro-
ductive and in addition to the tilling of the soil
he is engaged in breeding and raising polled An-
gus cattle and Poland China hogs. Both branches
of his business are carefully conducted and ap-
proving profitable.

On the 3ist of March, 1864, Mr. Wilson was
married to Miss Mary G. Sleight, who was born
March 25, 1838, and was a daughter of John G.
and Rebecca (Walker) Sleight, both of whom
were natives of England, the former born October
5, 1805, and the latter in 1802. They came to
this country in 1857 with their children, all of
whom were born in England, and located in Flint
township, Pike county, Illinois. The father had
nine tracts of forty acres each and one of eighty
acres, making four hundred and forty acres in
all devoted to general farming. He raised wheat,
corn, cattle and hogs, conducting a general farm-
ing business. He never cared for public office,
although he served as school director and trustee
for many years. He held membership in the
Methodist Episcopal church and his life was an
honorable and upright one, commending him to
the confidence of all with whom he came in con-
tact. In politics he was a republican. His death
occurred February 13, 1888, when he was in his
eighty-third year, while his wife passed away June
19, 1862. They were the parents of six daugh-
ters and two sons: Betsy G.,'who married John
Culley ; Sally G., who married James L. Thomp-
son and died in 1894; Ann G., the wife of 'Robert
N. Long, a resident of Kansas; Walker G., who
died in 1884; Eliza G., who passed away in 1902 ;
Mrs. Wilson, who was born March 25, 1838;
John G., who married Ruth Reynolds and is liv-
ing in Griggsville township ; and Rebecca G., who
became the wife of John Cummings and died in
1871.

Unto Air. and Mrs. Wilson have been born four
children, but only one is now living. Elizabeth
F., born January 29, 1865, is the wife of Charles
Meyers, who resides on section 6, Flint township.
This was tar grandfather's home and it was here
that Mr. and Mrs. Wilson were married. Wai-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

lace Ross Wilson, born in the fall of 1871, died in
the fall of 1874. Rebecca K., born December 23,
1874, died March 5, 1875, and one child died in
infancy.

Mr. Wilson has for twenty-five years been
treasurer of the Flint Mutual Aid Association,
which was organized in 1873. In politics he has
been a stalwart republican since casting his first
presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln in 1860.
He served as school director from 1872 until 1888
and for seven terms was supervisor. He was also
road commissioner and tax collector and in these
various offices has been most faithful and prompt
in the discharge of his duties. He belongs to Pike
lodge, No. 73, I. O. O. F. and is esteemed by his
brethren of the fraternity, by his business asso-
ciates and by the friends whom he has made in so-
cial life. He has a very wide acquaintance in Pike
county, where he has always lived, and few men
are more familiar with the history of this part of
the state or with the events which have formed
its annals. His mind bears the picture of early
pioneer life as well as of later progress and he
has not only watched the growth of the
county but has also taken a helpful part
in its development.

WILLIAM H. WINDSOR.

The name Windsor has long figured in con-
nection with the history and the business prog-
ress of Pike county, the subject of this review
being the representative of a pioneer family.
He is now well known as a merchant and the
postmaster of Valley City and he is also farming
eighty acres of land. His birth occurred in
Florence, Pike county, on the 2ist of May, 1871.
His father, William Windsor, was born March 4,
1822, and became a resident of this county at an
early day. Here he was married on the 271)1 of
April, 1851, to Miss Caroline Evans, whose birth
occurred December 28, 1831. He first built a
house on a forty-acre tract of land and subse-
quently he purchased what was called the Wine-
gar Spring farm, which he afterward sold, in-

vesting his money in a farm in Chambersburg
township. There he planted an orchard and im-
proved his property, but eventually disposed of
that place and returned to Valley City. In the
early days he operated the old horse-power ferry
there for many years and following his return to
Valley City he operated a steam ferry there. On
selling out that business he went to Detroit, where
he lost his wife and several of his children. He
afterward spent the winter in the south, engaged
in hunting large game and his last days were
passed in honorable retirement from labor. His
death occurred at Poplar Bluffs, Missouri. He
favored the Af ethodist Episcopal church, of which
his wife was a devoted member, taking a very
active and helpful part in its work. He voted
with the democracy and was ever earnest in sup-
port of political principles and whatever he be-
lieved to be right. His death occurred March 12,
1885, when he was sixty-three years of age and
his wife passed away July 16, 1874, at the age
of forty-three years. In their family were eleven
children, of whom the following are now living:
John, who resides in Valley City ; Sarah E., the
wife of George Conkright, a resident of Okla-
homa: and Kisebell, the wife of Fred Garrett, of
Pueblo, Colorado.

The other surviving member of the family is
William H. Windsor of this review, who at the
age of five years went to New Hartford to live
with the family of John Hoskins, with whom he
remained until fourteen years of age. He then
started out in life on his own account, working
as a farm hand until 1898, when he became ill
with appendicitis. After his recovery he en-
tered the employ of the Western Union Tele-
graph Company as a lineman, being employed in
different cities as far east as New York. In the fall
of 1902 he returned to Pike county, where he
carried on farming until the 24th of August,
1905, when he took possession of a store which
he had purchased in Valley City. Here he has
since carried on general merchandising and he
is also acting as postmaster of the village. At the
same time he is farming eighty acres of land,
having seventy acres planted to corn.

On the 3ist of December, 1903, Mr. Windsor
was married to Miss Mariette Remington, who

484

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was born near Chambersburg, Pike county, March
i. 1870, and is a daughter of William A. and
Hasty (Davis) Remington, the former a native
of Ohio, and the latter of Griggsville, Illinois.
Her father was a soldier of the Civil war, en-
listing in Henry county, Illinois, as a defender of
the Union cause. He afterward followed farm-
ing in Pike county and subsequently removed to
Stark county, where he carried on general agri-
cultural pursuits up to the time of his demise,
which occurred July 31, 1873, when he was thirty-
seven years of age. His wife survived him
until September 20, 1879, and died in Perry at the
age of thirty-seven years. In their family were
six children, of whom four are yet living : Wil-
liam, Weltha A., Mrs. Windsor and Anthony.
The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Windsor has
been blessed with one son, William Russell, born
February 2, 1905.

Our subject and his wife are highly esteemed
people of the community in which they reside,
having a large circle of warm friends. He be-
longs to Valley City camp, No. 4658, M. W. A.,
and he gives his political support to the repub-
lican party. Starting out in life on his own
account when fourteen years of age he has since
been dependent entirely upon his own resources
and to his labor may be attributed all the success
he has enjoyed. He is alert and enterprising,
watchful of opportunities promising a business
advancement and has already attained a credit-
able position in business circles in his native
county for so young a man.

CAPTAIN H. B. ATKINSON.

Captain H. B. Atkinson, who has passed the
greater part of his life in Pike county and has
been a resident of New Canton since June, 1876,
closely identified with its business interests and
commercial development, was born in St. Louis,
Missouri, July 29, 1842, the second son of B. H.
and Harriet (Morgan) Atkinson, natives of New
Jersey and Pennsylvania respectively. In the year
1846 he came with his parents to Pike county, the
family home being established in Pittsfield, where

most of his youth was passed. He was a student
in the public schools, and at the age of twenty
years he joined the Pike county regiment which
was raised in August, 1862, and became the Nine-
ty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He enlisted
for three years' service and although he joined
the army as a private his soldierly qualities soon
won for him a commission and toward the close
of the war he was given a captain's commission,
after which he commanded his company until the
close of hostilities. With his regiment he re-
turned home at the close of the war in August,
1865, and soon afterward joined his father in
business in the city of Pittsfield.

On the 1 2th day of May, 1868, Captain Atkin-
son was united in marriage to Miss Orphie M.
Witt. Their wedded life was very happy, and for
thirty-one years they traveled down the slope of
time, enjoying life and its surroundings, but in
1899 Mrs. Atkinson was called to her final rest.
She had been a devoted wife and mother, a faith-
ful friend, and was recognized by all as a most
estimable lady, so that her death was deeply de-
plored in the community, where she had long re-
sided. There had been four children born to this
union : Fannie M., now the wife of J. L. Dutton ;
Laura E., the wife of S. T. Donohoe ; Richard M.,
who is associated with his father ; and Henry, who
died in infancy.

Captain Atkinson continued a resident of Pitts-
field until June, 1876, when he removed to New
Canton, where he has since been successfully en-
gaged in business. He is conducting a drug store
which is well equipped with everything found in
a first-class establishment of that character, and
his patronage is extensive because of his honor-
able business methods and his earnest desire to
please his patrons. He has also extended his ef-
forts to other lines of business activity, for in 1903
he assisted in establishing the Bank of New Can-
ton, a much-needed institution in his home town.
He has been president of the bank since its organ-
ization and is one of the leading spirits in the
very successful management of its affairs. He has
also been active in matters of public moment, and
his fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth and
ability, have frequently called him to public of-
fice. He was supervisor from Pleasant Vale town-

H. B. ATKINSON

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

487

ship from 1884 until 1889, and during that period
acted as chairman of the board for two years.
He was also treasurer of the Sny levee commission
for twelve years, and in September, 1901, he was
appointed one of its commissioners, and for three
years has been president of the board. Captain
Atkinson, while not a native son of the county,
has spent the greater part of his life here, and has
always taken a great interest in its affairs, tending
to the good of the community. He has so directed
his efforts that his labors have proved of direct
benefit to the county, and at the same time has so
capably managed his business affairs that his
labors have been crowned with success.

JOSEPH M. DUNHAM.

Joseph M. Dunham, at one time closely associat-
ed with agricultural interests but now living a re-
tired life in Pittsfield, was born in New Salem
township, Pike county, on the I7th of May, 1859,
Tiis parents being the Rev. Abel and Rachel (Har-
den) Dunham. The father's birth occurred in
Harrison county, Ohio, on the i6th of July, 1819,
and his parents were William and Mary (Chancy;
Dunham. Lewis Dunham, the great-grandfather
of our subject, was a soldier of the Revolutionary
war and met all the hardships and privations that
fell to the lot of the brave men who won American
liberty. At times the army was reduced almost
to starvation, but the troops persevered and at
length victory crowned the arms of the colonists
and the establishment of the republic was an as-
sured fact.

William Dunham, the grandfather, was a "na--
tive of Maryland, in which state the days of his
boyhood and youth were passed. Having reached
adult age he married Miss Mary Chaney, who
was of Scotch lineage, and some years later they
removed to Ohio, settling in Harrison county
when it was a wild and undeveloped district. ' They
cast in their lot with its pioneer residents and aid-
ed in its reclamation for the uses of civilization.
In the spring of 1845 they came to Illinois, tak-
ing up their abode in what is now Griggsville
township, where they spent their remaining days.

William Dunham died September 15, 1845, an<^
his wife passed away on the 2d of November,
1852.

Rev. Abel Dunham spent the days of his boy-
hood and youth amid pioneer environments in
Harrison county, Ohio, and when he had reached
his majority he sought a companion and helpmate
for life's journey. He wooed and won Miss
Rachel Harden, who was born in Jefferson coun-
ty, Ohio, March 7, 1816. At the time of his mar-
riage his sole capital was one dollar and one cent
and the dollar was given to the minister who per-
formed the marriage ceremony, while after the
infair a little nephew was made the happy recip-
ient of the penny. Thus empty-handed, but with
courageous p'urpqse and willing hands, the young
couple started1 'out in life, Mr. Dunham devoting
his attention to fartning on a small scale in his
native county, when, feeling that he might have
better business opportunities in the middle west
he removed to Pike county, where he went to work
in earnest. His unremitting diligence formed the
basis of his prosperity and his labors were ably
supplemented by the faithful efforts of his esti-
mable wife. Thus he accumulated over six hun-
dred acres of valuable land together with other
property in this part of the state. In 1840 his
wife became a member of the United Brethren
church and was a most earnest and faithful work-
er. She frequently spoke in the meetings of the
church and her words, fraught with the true spirit
of religion and with intense purpose, thrilled her
hearers and had a beneficial influence on many
lives. For some years prior to her death she was
an invalid, but her mental faculties were unim-
paired and she retained her consciousness up to
the last, bidding her friends farewell and speak-
ing to them words of Christian cheer, comfort
and advice. She passed away Sunday, February
28, 1886, in the full assurance of a life to come.
Ten children were born of that marriage. Fol-
lowing the death of his first wife Rev. Dunham
was married to Mrs. Sarah J. Brown, nee Ander-
son, who was born near Hillsboro, in Highland
county, Ohio. August 23. 1840. Mr. Dunham
was a prominent abolitionist, doing everything in
his power to suppress slavery, and when the re-
publican party was organized to prevent its fur-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ther extension he became one of its stalwart ad-
vocates. Later he was again connected with a
party of reform — the prohibitionist, for he was
an earnest advocate of the cause of temperance
and in fact his influence was ever given on the
side of progress and improvement and for the
amelioration of the hard conditions of human life.
He died August 18, 1899, leaving behind him the
priceless heritage of an untarnished name and an
example that is indeed well worthy of emulation.

Joseph M. Dunham was educated in the com-
mon schools of New Salem township and in
Griggsville. He remained at home until eighteen
years of age, continuing upon his father's farm
for five years, and since that time has lived upon
land of his own. His farming interests today
cover two hundred and sixty acres of fine and
productive land in New Salem township under
a high state of cultivation and improvement with
all modern equipments and accessories. He built
thereon a beautiful residence, but has now retired
from the active management of the farm, remov-
ing to Pittsfield on the 3oth of August, 1905, while
his land is leased to his sons. He always carried
on general fanning and stock-raising, making a
specialty of hogs, and in both branches of his busi-
ness he met with success that in the course of
time brought him a capital sufficient to enable
him to enjoy a well earned rest at the present
time. He rents a fine home where he resides on
East Washington street.

On the 30th of October, 1877, Mr. Dunham
was united in marriage to Miss Eldora Koontz,
who was born February 14, 1860, and is a native
of Schuyler county, Illinois, and a daughter of
William and Catherine (Stambaugh) Koontz. The
father was a farmer, stone-mason and contractor.
In the family were fifteen children, eight of whom
reached years of maturity, but only three are now
living, namely : Mrs. Dunham ; David Koontz,
who resides in East St. Louis, Illinois ; and Wil-
liam Koontz, who is living near Camden, Illinois.
The parents are both deceased, the mother passing
away in 1875, while the father's death occurred
in 1888.

Mr. and Mrs. Dunham have become the parents
of seven children. Harry H., the eldest, born
August 24, 1878, married Ida Pence and is a
farmer living in Xew Salem township. They have

two children, Paul and Lena. Nellie L. Dunham,
born October 13, 1880, attended the country
schools and has been educated in music. William
R., born January 7, 1883, is living upon the old
home farm in New Salem township. David C,
born October 22, 1884, is living on the old home-
stead in New Salem township. Samuel K., born
April 30, 1887, is living at home and attends the
high school in Pittsfield. Nora E., born May 19,
1892, and Cloyd W., February 2, 1897, are at
home.

Mr. Dunham is a democrat who keeps well in-
formed on the questions and issues of the day
but has never been active as an office-seeker, al-
though he has served as school trustee. He be-
longs to the Modern Woodmen camp at New Sa-
lem and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows
and he and his wife and their children are mem-
bers of the United Brethren church. A worthy
representative of one of the pioneer families of
Pike county, the name of Dunham has been known
here — and honorably so — for many years and Jo-
seph M. Dunham of this review is a worthy rep-
resentative of the family. He well deserves the
success which has come to him and which enables
him now to live in well earned ease.

WILLIAM E. JAMES.

William E. James is conducting a profitable
business as a general agriculturist, horticulturist
and stock-raiser. The property comprises a tract
of one hundred and seventy-five acres of rich
land under a high state of cultivation and im-
proved with the buildings and equipments which
indicate the progressive spirit of the owner.
There is upon his farm an apple orchard covering
from eighteen to twenty acres, also a fine pear
orchard of six acres. He raises the various ce-
reals best adapted to soil and climate and he also
buys, feeds and ships cattle and hogs, which he
sends to the St. Louis market. He likewise raises
fine horses and is known as one of the most en-
terprising farmers and stock-dealers of this part
of the county.

A native of Illinois, his birth occurred in
Adams county on the 6th of October. 1856. His

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

489

father, Allen W. James, was born in Tennessee,
October 13, 1818, and was married in that state
to Miss Matilda Clardy, who was also born there.
They had two children : Frances A., the wife of
James Thomas, a resident farmer of .Tennessee ;
and Virginia, the deceased wife of Williamson
Bond, a Pike county farmer. Following the death
of his first wife Mr. James wedded Miss Eliza-
beth Sartain, who was born in Tennessee, Janu-
ary i, 1827. They became the parents of five
sons and a daughter, of whom four are still liv-
ing : Columbus A., of Butler, Missouri ; Harvey
C. of Oxford, Nebraska; John A., of Perry,
Pike county; and William E., the subject of this
sketch. Those deceased are Cordelia and Charles
E. In the year 1852 the parents removed from
Tennessee to Adams county, Illinois, and some
years later Pike county became the family home.
In 1888, however, Mr. and Mrs. James removed
to Bates county, Missouri, but shortly afterward
returned to Pike county, where they remained un-
til the death of Mrs. James, which occurred Octo-
ber 3, 1895, ner husband surviving until April 20,
1898, when he too passed away. Both were mem-
bers of the Methodist Episcopal church and were
very loyal to its teachings. Mr. James voted
with the democratic party.

William E. James was a young lad when his
parents removed to Pike county and in the public
schools here he acquired his education. Reared
to the occupation of farming, he has made it his
life work and he began that business on his own
account soon after his marriage, which occurred
in 1 88 1. In 1885 he removed to Bates county,
Missouri, where he spent four years, farming and
dealing in stock. In 1889 he returned to Pike
county and followed farming in Montezuma
township near Milton until 1901, when he sold his
property and came to Perry township, locating
on the old Smith homestead.

On the yth of December, 1881, Mr. James was
married to Miss Ella V. Smith, a daughter of
William W. and Frances (Brown) Smith. Her
father, who was born in Page cofmty, Virginia,
July 10, 1833, died January 12, 1901. He was
married in Illinois, August 21, 1860. In the
family were five children, namely : Mrs. James ;
George M., who is sheriff of Pike county; Har-

vey D., a prosperous farmer of Detroit township;
and Nettie and Ida May, who both died when
quite young. Both Mr. and Mrs. James are mem-
bers of the Pike County Mutual Life In-
surance Company and belong to the Metho-
dist Episcopal church of Perry. Both take
an active part in the work of the church
and thus exercise a strong influence for good.
Mrs. James was educated in the public
schools and the Presbyterian College at Jackson-
ville and is an estimable lady, extending to her
many friends the gracious hospitality of a pleas-
ant and attractive home. Mr. James belongs to
Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M., and his
political allegiance is given to the democracy.
The family has long been known in this part of
the state and like others of the name William E.
James has made a creditable record and secured
success in his business affairs.

HENRY GARD.

Henry Gard, who is interested in general agri-
cultural pursuits in Pleasant Vale township,
where he owns and operates a good farm of
one hundred and fifty-five acres, is a native of
Barry township, born on the loth of December,
1856. His parents, Cyrenius and Nancy (Kid-
well) Gard, were natives of Ohio. The father
was born near Marietta, that state. In 1833 he
made a trip to Pike county, Illinois, but it was
not until 1839 that he located permanently here,
becoming identified with its early development and
improvement. He settled in Barry township,
where he carried on general agricultural pursuits,
owning and operating two hundred and forty
acres of land. In his family were twelve children,
of whom six are yet living: Daniel, born March
30, 1837, died September 8, 1859; Charles, born
April 15, 1840, is living near his brother Henry;
Lucinda, born Feoruary 28, 1842, resides in
Pleasant Vale township; Jasper, born February
5, 1844, died in St. Louis, while serving in the
army on the nth of November, 1863; Martha
died in 1902; Mary, twin sister of Martha, is
the wife of Charles Dodge and resides in New

490

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

London, Missouri ; Joel, born December 5, 1848,
is living near Mexico, Missouri; Paulina, born
October 24, 1850, died October 9, 1852; Paulina,
born September 5, 1852, is living in Nebraska;
Jane, born September 5, 1854, became the wife
of Wilson P. Cochran and both are now de-
ceased, the former having died March 18, 1899;
Henry is the eleventh of the family ; Nancy, born
January 22, 1861, died August 25, 1862. The
mother passed away January 28, 1861, and the
father survived until June 24, 1875.

Henry Card pursued his education in the
schools of New Canton and was graduated from
the high school with the class of 1877. Selling
his interest in the old homestead property, he
purchased where he now resides on section 10.
Pleasant Vale township, and has here since made
his home. He owns one hundred and fifty-five
acres of good land, a part of which is bottom land,
while a part lies on the bluff. It is located about
a mile from New Canton and is a good farm well
developed. He has been engaged in the stock
business most of the time and is now raising
polled Angus cattle and a good grade of hogs,
buying, feeding and shipping considerable stock.

On the 20th of August, 1878, occurred the
marriage of Mr. Card and Miss Olive Seybold,
who was born on the adjoining farm, July 6,
1862, her parents being Jacob and Nancy (Jef-
fries) Seybold. Her father was born in this
county, where her grandfather located at a very
early day. Jacob Seybold was a fanner, de-
voting his life to general agricultural pursuits.
In his family were three children : Edward, a
resident of Joplin. Missouri ; Mrs. Card ; and
Jasper M., who was born February 27, 1865,
and died April 12, 1892. at the age of twenty-
seven, years.

Mr. Card exercises his right of franchise in
support of republican men and measures and for
three years filled the office of road commissioner.
He belongs to Masonic lodge, Xo. 821, at New
Canton, and to camp No. 1148. M. W. A. He
is highly regarded in the community where he
resides and in which he has so directed his efforts
that he is now classed with the successful farm-
ers. There have been no especially advantageous
circumstances in his life nor has he received anv

great assistance through inheritance, but with a
just realization of the value of unremitting et-
fort he has so labored as to gain valuaoie and
desirable farming interests and his life record
is an exemplification of the term "dignity of
labor."

ALBION SHINN.

Albion Shinn is well known as a representative
of extensive and important business interests in
Pike county, where he is largely engaged in rais-
ing sheep. His life record is well known to his
fellow townsmen, for he is a native son of Pike
cc'imty, having been born in Pittsfield township
on the 2d of December, 1848. He has since
lived in this part of the state and has so directed
his energies as to find his labors a good source
of income. His parents were William and Mary
Jane (Lytle) Shinn. The father was born in At-
las township, Pike ctounty, on the 7th of January,
1827, his parents being Daniel and Mary (Hack-
ett) Shinn, who 'were natives of New Jersey. The
family is of English descent, having been founded
in America by three brothers who came from Eng-
land at an early day. The grandparents were
married in New Jersey and removed from there
to Ohio, where they remained for seven years,
coming to Illinois in April, 1820, only two years
after the admission of the state into the Union.
They were indeed pioneer residents of Pike coun-
ty, settling within its borders when the work of
improvement and progress had scarcely been be-
gun. Daniel Shinn brought with him the first
wagon ever in Pike county and he had to cut and
make a road for forty miles in order to reach his
destination. On arriving here he bought one hun-
dred and sixty acres of land on section 12, Atlas
township, and built thereon a log cabin, beginning
life in true frontier style. As the years passed by
he improved the place, spending his remaining
days thereon. The country was wild and the
seeds of civilization had scarcely been planted. He
helped to make the first road from Pittsfield to
Atlas and assisted in building the first courthouse
and jail at Atlas, both structures being made of
logs. As the years passed by success attended his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

491

efforts and he became the owner of seven hundred
acres of land and was recognized as a wealthy
man and farmer. He gave all of his children
some land and as the years went by he prospered
in his undertakings and took an active and help-
ful part in the work of development, so that he
was known among the honored and valued pioneer
residents. He reared thirteen children, two of
whom are living, namely: William Shinn and a
sister who resides in Iowa. Daniel Shinn died in
March, 1852, having for several years survived
his wife, who passed away about 1846.

William Shinn was reared amid the environ-
ments of pioneer life, sharing with the family in
all the hardships and difficulties incident to the es-
tablishment of a home and the development of a
farm upon the frontier. He was educated in the
common schools and when quite young began
work in the fields and was but a youth when he
provided for his own support by working as a
farm hand in the neighborhood. He was married
at the age of twenty years to Miss Mary Jane
Lytle and lived with his father until 1850, when
• he went to California, spending one year upon the
Pacific coast. He made some money while there
and then returned, after which he began farming
on his own account, cultivating different farms in
this part of the state. He would buy and after-
ward sell the land and in 1856 he invested in the
farm which he now owns and occupies and which
has been his place of residence continuously since.
He has been engaged in the sheep industry since
1866 and has owned from six hundred to two
thousand sheep. He now has about five hundred
sheep and he has also been extensively engaged
in raising cattle for the last thirty-five years, keep-
ing from two hundred and fifty to three hundred
and fifty head of cattle upon his farms at one
time, although at present he has only about one
hundred head. He is, however, known as one of
the prominent stockmen of Illinois and has be-
come one of the wealthiest residents of Pike coun-
ty, a position to which he has attained through
well directed and earnest effort, through judicious
investment and capable management. The suc-
cess that has come to him is well merited and now
in the evening of life he is enabled not only to
enjoy its necessities and comforts but also manv

of its luxuries and his example should well serve
as a source of emulation and inspiration to others,
showing what may be accomplished through de-
termined and earnest purpose. In the year 1846
William Shinn was united in marriage to Miss
Mary Lytle, whose birth occurred in Ross county,
Ohio, in March, 1827, and who came to Pike
county, Illinois, with her father, Andrew Lytle,
in 1832. He lived in Pike county and owned
eighty acres of land, but later removed to Cal-
houn county, where he died. The death of Mrs.
Shinn occurred December 24, 1904. She was a
woman of many excellent traits of heart and mind,
well liked by all who knew her because of a gen-
ial and kindly disposition and genuine worth, so
that her death was deeply deplored by her friends
as well as immediate family. She was a devoted
member of the Methodist church and took an ac-
tive and helpful interest in its work. Mr. Shinn
is a member of the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows at New Hartford and he, too, belongs
to the Methodist church. His life has been per-
meated by his belief and although he has become
one of the wealthiest men of the county his path
has never been strewn with the wreck of other
men's fortunes but has been gained in the legiti-
mate channels of trade.

Albion Shinn was educated in the common
schools, mastering the branches of learning us-
ually taught therein and through the periods of
vacation assisting in the work of the home farm.
He remained at home until nearly thirty years of
age and has always had the strongest attachment
for agricultural life, finding in it a pursuit more
congenial to him than any other. He worked for
a year and a half for his father after attaining
his majority and then entered into partnership
with him and so continued until his marriage.
His first purchase of land comprised a farm south-
east of New Hartford and later he bought where
he now resides on section 36, Eldara township.
He and his son now own two hundred- acres of
land and alone he owns seven hundred ad twenty-
five acres, so that he is one of the extensive prop-
erty holders in Pike county. For thirty years he
has been extensively engaged in sheep-raising,
keeping about thirteen or fourteen hundred head
of sheep. He makes a specialty of the Southdown

-492

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and Oxford breeds and although they are high-
bred animals they are not registered, but he buys
registered stock for breeding purposes. He is
also keeping about one hundred head of cattle for
feeding and is well known as a stockman.

In 1878 Mr. Shinn was united in marriage to
Miss Lucy Wolfork, of Missouri, and they have
one child, Claude. He was born in 1881 and after
attending the common schools of the neighborhood
he became a student in the Union Business Col-
lege at Quincy, Illinois. He is now associated
with his father in business and the parents and
son are all members of the Christian church, while
the latter is also a member of lodge, No. 453, A.
F. A. M,. at New Hartford. Mr. Shinn is a
republican but has never sought or desired office,
preferring to give his undivided attention to his
business affairs, in which he 'has been very suc-
cessful. He has a beautiful residence and all good
buildings and improvements upon his farm and
is one of the prosperous and influential agricultur-
ists and stock-raisers of Pike county, energetic in
his business, thoroughly reliable in his dealings
and progressive in his methods.

JAMES M. GREENE.

James M. Greene is the owner of a good farm
of one hundred and twelve acres in Barry town-
ship and is well known as a breeder of Shetland
ponies, Chester-White hogs and brown Leghorn
chickens. A native of Pike county, Illinois, he
was born June 13, 1845, of the marriage of P. D.
S. and Lucinda (Sweet) Greene. The father
was born in Rensselear county, New York, De-
. cember 8, 1814, and was a son of James Greene,
whose birth occurred in the Empire state, July
ii, 1790. He came to Pike county in early pio-
neer times and secured a tract of government
land near Barry, when it was uncultivated prai-
rie and uncut timber. There he developed a
good farm, being one of the energetic and capa-
ble agriculturists of his community and a man
who was much respected for his genuine worth as
displayed in all life's relations. He reared a large
family of children and died September 8. 1875.

His first wife, Mrs. Polly Greene, was born No-
vember 2, 1793, and died August 26; 1849. His
second wife passed away March 24, 1866, at the
age of seventy-four years and twenty-six days.

P. D. S. Greene was reared amid the wild
scenes and environments of pioneer life in Pike
county and was married in the vicinity of Barry
to Miss Lucinda P. Sweet, who was born in New
York, April 12, 1824, and was a daughter of Job
Sweet, whose birth occurred February 4, 1798.
He came to Pike county, Illinois; at an early day,
locating near Barry, where he entered govern-
ment land. At that time it was covered with
native timber or with the wild prairie grasses.
Resolutely he set to work to transform the land
into cultivated fields and was recognized through-
out the community as a capable and energetic
farmer, highly respected by all who knew him.
He reared a large family and died January 21,
1852. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. P. D. S.
Greene was blessed with nine children, five sons
and four daughters : Ackland, who was born
August 30, 1839, and is now living in Oklahoma;
Artalisa P., who was born July 15, 1842, and is
the wife of J. C. Jackson, a resident of Roches-
ter, New York ; James M. ; Mary, who was born
August 29, 1849, and is deceased; William, who
has also passed away ; Charles E., who was born
February 9, 1852, and is deceased ; Emma L.,
who was born October 18, 1856, and is the wife
of Henry McDaniel, of Rochester, New York ;
Clara W., who was born September 12, 1858, and
is the wife of John D. Miller, of Pittsfield ; and
John, whose birth occurred October 9, 1860, and
who is now living in California. The father was
the owner of a good farm of one hundred and
sixty acres adjoining Barry and although he
started out in life empty-handed he became well-
to-do, possessing a deeply religious nature. He
was greatly interested in all matters that per-
tained to the moral development of his commu-
nity, took an active part in the work of the Chris-
tian church, in which he held membership and
for many years served as one of its elders. He
exercises his right of franchise in support of the
men and measures of the republican party. He
resided in Pike county until 1899 and then went
to Rochester, New York, where he has since

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

493

lived. His wife passed away on the i4th of
January of that yeatfj

Tames M. Greene, having acquired his prelimi-
nary education in the schools of Pike county,
entered Lombard University at Galesburg, Illi-
nois, where he pursued his studies in 1862-63.
When his education was completed he began
business life as a farmer and soon afterward
turned his attention to buying and selling stock,
which business he followed for many years, or
until his health became impaired, since which
time he has been living more quietly. In 1895
he began raising Shetland ponies and yet has a
number of fine animals. He first bought a mare
of J. Murray Hogue, of Maquoketa, Iowa. She
was the best saddle and driving pony in the world
and won the blue ribbon at the World's Colum-
bian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. She is now
twenty-three years old. She would pace a mile
in three minutes. In addition to breeding Shet-
land ponies Mr. Greene is also breeding and
raising Chester- White hogs and brown Leghorn
chickens. He resides upon his farm of one hun-
dred and twelve acres, twenty-nine acres of which
are included within the corporation limits of
Barry. This is a well improved property, the
greater part of which is seeded to blue grass. He
has erected a fine home and all of the improve-
ments and equipments upon the farm have been
placed there by Mr. Greene, who is practical in
all of his methods, systematic in his work and
energetic in all that he undertakes.

On the ist of June, 1866, occurred the mar-
riage of Mr. Greene and Miss Adda Hollem-
beak, of Ohio. She was born October 5, 1847, a
daughter of A. C. Hollembeak, who for a long
period was postmaster at Barry. He was very
active in political work and was an unfaltering
advocate of republican principles. He brought
his family to Pike county when his daughter.
Mrs. Greene, was a young girl. By her mar-
riage she became the mother of two children, but
Corinne. who was born May 21, 1867, died Sep-
tember 4. 1871. The other daughter, Nora, who
was born September 8. 1869, is the wife of Ed-
ward Taylor, a resident of Trinidad. Colorado.
Mrs. Greene passed away on the I3th of Septem-
ber, 1871. Mr. Greene "has since married Han-

nah M. Tilton, of Swanton, Vermont, who was
born September 23, 1849, an<^ came to Pike
county with her mother and sisters about 1869.
By this marriage there were two daughters :
Gretta, who was born September 2, 1881, and was
married April 21, 1901, to G. H. Wike, of Barry ;
and Delia M., who was born July 27. 1887, and
is at home.

For many years Mr, Greene was a member of
the Ancient Order of United Workmen of Amer-
ica, while his wife is a member of the Court of
Honor. A self-made man he deserves all of the
praise which that term implies for his persistent
and energetic labor has been the basis of his
success. The acquirement of wealth has not been,
however, the sole end and aim of his life, for he
has never allowed this purpose to crush out the
kindlier elements of his nature and his considera-
tion for the rights of others but on the contrary
'his character has developed with the passing of
years along lines that at all times command re-
spect and regard and he is frequently spoken of
in terms of confidence and good will.

CHARLES W. WILLARD.

Charles W. Willard, devoting his time and ener-
gies to general agricultural pursuits, giving per-
sonal attention to the cultivation and development
of eighty-six acres of land which he owns in
Hardin township and also another tract of forty
acres, was born in this township which is still
his home, his natal clay being November 23, 1877.
His father was Jasper Willard, a representative
of one of the pioneer families of Pike county,
for his birth occurred here about 1855. The
grandfather, O. L. G. Willard, took up his abode
in this county about 1839, coming to Illinois from
Pennsylvania. Few improvements had been made
in this section of the state at the time of his ar-
rival. He found here uncultivated prairie land
and uncut forests. The streams were unbridged,
much of the land was unclaimed and the work
of progress and development seemed scarcely
begun. In the work of progress and improvement
he took an active and helpful part and has always

494

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

been loyal in citizenship, rejoicing in what has
been accomplished along the line of modern im-
provement and progress as the years have gone
by. He is now a hale and hearty old man of about
seventy-four years and is respected as one of the
venerable and worthy pioneer residents of the
community

His son, Jasper Willard, was reared upon the
home farm and was married here to Miss Ade-
line Clark, a native of this county and a daughter
of Joseph Clark, also one of the early settlers
here. Jasper Willard remained an active farmer
and business man of Pike county up to the time
of his death, which occurred here in 1883. His
wife survived him for about five years. In
their family were five children, two sons and three
daughters, but only two of the number are now
living. The surviving daughter is Irene, now
the wife of David G. Claus, a prominent business
man of Jacksonville. Illinois, by whom she has
three children : John W., Esther E. and Thelma
L. Claus.

Charles W. Willard acquired his education in
the public schools and remained upon his grand-
father's farm until fifteen years of age, when he
started out in life on his own account, working
by the month as a farm hand for five years. He
was married December 15, 1897, when twenty
years of age, to Miss Lola May Cunningham,
a daughter of John and Nellie Cunningham, who
are represented elsewhere in this work in connec-
tion with the sketch of L. L. Cunningham. The
young couple began their domestic life upon a
farm, where they lived for three years and then
with the capital that he had acquired Mr. Willard
became owner of eighty-six acres of farm land,
upon which he now resides. He at once began
the further development and improvement of this
property and has also operated other land and has
added to his original holdings until he now owns
one hundred and twenty-six acres. He likewise
cultivates land belonging to others and is quite
extensively engaged in farming and stock-raising,
having high grade Hereford cattle and pure
blooded Poland China hogs. He is now feeding
a carload of fine steers and also a large number of
hogs. He has been a prosperous farmer and
stockman and while he has never sought to figure

in any public light he has so conducted his busi-
ness affairs that success has resulted and he has
won a creditable position in business circles.

Unto Mr. and Mr. Willard have been born
five children : Ilia Lorene, born November 9,
1898; Leo Bliss, born May 22, 1900; Orland C,
who was born February 26, 1902, and died March
10, 1904; Mary Edith, born August 26, 1903;
and Charles Wayne, born August 10, 1905.

Since age gave to him the right of franchise
Mr. Willard has been a stalwart republican and
he takes an active interest in local politics, striving
earnestly to promote the growth and insure the
success of his party. He was elected and served
for two terms as assessor of Hardin township
and is now one of the board of directors. The
cause of education finds in him a warm friend
and he has done effective work in behalf of the
schools. He is now serving as district clerk and
has frequently been chosen as a delegate to the
county conventions of his party. In the review
of his life it is noted that with him diligence and
prosperity have gone hand in hand and that all of
his dealings have been characterized by a tried
integrity and worth that have gained for him the
esteem and confidence of the communitv.

LEVI W. McMAHAN.

Levi W. McMahan, whose residence in Pike
county covers a half century, during which time
he has not only been a witness to its many changes,
its progress and development, but has also been
a participant, in the work of upbuilding and im-
provement, is now a leading representative of in-
dustrial life in Griggsville, where he is success-
fuly engaged in the milling business. He was born
in Indianapolis, Indiana, on the 3ist of March,
1841, and came to Griggsville with his parents,
William and Maria (Thomas) McMahan. both
of whom were born near Cincinnati, Ohio. The
father was a chairmaker by trade, and with his
family came to Illinois from Indianapolis, locating
at Griggsville on the loth of May, 1856. The
journey was made by team, and they left Sidney

MR. AND MRS. L. W. McMAHAN

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

497

in the morning to travel a distance of thirty miles
to Sardorus Grove. They had remained at the
former place over night so as to make a daylight
drive, as there was danger of being lost in the
wild prairie at night, there being not a single
house between the two points at that time. ' Mr.
McMahan built a dwelling near the town and fol-
lowed the business of chairmaking, his services
being in demand by the early settlers. He held
membership in the Methodist Episcopal church,
and his life was in consistent harmony with his
professions. In politics he was a Jackson demo-
crat until 1856, when he joined the ranks of the
new republican party, which he continued to sup-
port until his death, which occurred in Griggs-
ville when he was seventy-six years of age. His
wife, who was born in 1808, died in 1869, at the
age of sixty-one years. They were the parents of
two sons and a daughter : Levi, Harriet and
George M.

Levi W. McMahan began his education in the
public schools of Indiana, and was a youth of
fifteen years when he accompanied his parents
on the removal to Illinois. When nineteen years of
age he opened a confectionery store in Griggs-
ville, and thus became an active factor in business
interests of the city. Following his marriage,
however, he sold his store and turned his atten-
tion to farming, being identified with agricultural
pursuits until the spring of 1866, when he began
merchandising in Griggsville. After two years
however, he resumed farming operations in
Griggsville township, purchasing two hundred
ten acres of land south of the town. When he dis-
posed of that property he gave his attention to the
grain trade in connection with Mr. Allen for about
two years, and in 1877, in connection with Bald-
win Brothers, he built a flouring mill and after
some time purchased his partner's interest, since
which time he has conducted the business alone.
The mill has a capacity of two hundred and fifty
barrels of flour every twenty-four hours. At the
present time he is operating the mill only in the
day, and turning out one hundred barrels of flour
each day, for which he finds a ready sale on the
Chicago market and in the south. He has a well
equipped milling property and is doing a good
business which annually returns to him a very de-
2=;

sirable income. He still owns and operates his
farm, on which he makes his home.

On the 28th of April, 1861, Mr. McMahan was
united in marriage to Miss Harriett Simmons, and
they became the parents of three children ; but,
Harry Edwin, the only son, died when thirteen
years of age. The daughters are : Mrs. Nellie
Miller, who is now living in St. Louis, Missouri ;
and Alice, wife of ProfessorT. W. Todd,a resident
of Cedar Falls, Iowa. After losing his first wife,
Mr. McMahan married Mrs. Jennie (Petrie)
Clough, and following her death he wedded Miss
Mattie Yates, a daughter of George and Maria
(Hinman) Yates, a granddaughter of Colonel
George Hinman, a native of Kentucky. Her father
was among the first settlers of Pike county, coming
to Illinois in 1823, at which time he took up his
abode in Grig"g*sv«Ue, township. When the Black
Hawk war-broke 'out in 1832 he was one of the
volunteers who hastened ( to the front to suppress
the Indian uprising. He improved a fine farm in
Griggsville, and there spent his remaining days
engaged in raising cattle and hogs. When he
died, August 13, 1878, a venerable pioneer was
removed — one who had aided in the growth and
development of the county, where for nearly a
half century he made his home. He lived to see
busy towns and fine farms where he first saw a
wilderness, and for many years he took an active
and helpful part in the work of public improve-
ment. His wife died in 1867, leaving three sons
and four daughters.

Mr. McMahan traded his home in town for a
fine farm near the corporation limits of Griggs-
ville and is residing upon this place, so that he is
enabled to enjoy the privileges, liberty and pleas-
ure of rural life, and at the same time have all
the benefits of town life. He served as township
supervisor for six years and gave a practical and
helpful administration to the city during his two-
terms' service as mayor. He served on the board
which built the new courthouse. He was also
president of the school board for several years,
and the system of public education in Griggsville
benefited by his efficient efforts in its behalf. He
belongs to Pike lodge, No. 73, I. O. O. F., in
which he has filled all of the different chairs, in-
cluding that of noble grand. His political alle-

PAST AND. PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

giance is given to the republican party; and he
is a member of the Baptist church. His wife had
the honor of being the first lady elected tO(the con-
ference of the Methodist Episcopal church which
was held in Chicago. She declined to act that
time, but in 1904 was elected to the conference
of her church in California and attended as a
delegate. Mr. and Mrs. McMahan are people of
the highest respectability and their many excellent
traits of heart and mind have won for them the
trust and deep friendship of many with whom
they have been associated. Mr. McMahan has
made consecutive progress in his business career
and has proven that prosperity and an honored
name may be won simultaneously.

RICHARD DUNHAM.

Richard Dunham, whose useful and active life
has won for him the respect of his fellowmen and
also gained for him a most gratifying compe-
tence, was born September 9, 1839, in Deersville,
Ohio, his parents being Lewis and Sarah Ann
(Nelson) Dunham. His paternal grandfather
was William Dunham, a native of Maryland and
his father was a native of England, becoming the
founder of the family in America. William Dun-
ham was reared to manhood upon a farm and was
married to Miss Mary Chancy, also a native of
Maryland, her parents, like the Dunhams, hav-
ing come to this country about the time of the
Revolutionary war. On leaving Maryland, Wil-
liam Dunham and his wife became residents of
Ohio, where they remained until the year 1845
and in their old age they came to Illinois, pur-
chasing a small farm in Griggsville township,
where the death of Mr. Dunham occurred when
he had reached the age of three score years and
ten. His wife survived him several years and
then she too passed away at the old homestead
farm on section 17, Griggsville township, when
more than eighty years of age. Both were ac-
tive members of the United Brethren church and
were people of strong religious faith, taking an
active part in the work of the church and doing
all in their power to advance the cause of Chris-

tianity. They reared a large family of nineteen
children.

The birth of Lewis Dunham occurred in Mary-
land, September 12, 1802, and he died at his home
in New Salem township, Pike county, Illinois,
September 14, 1866. He had spent his entire, life
in his native state, acquiring a good education
there. He was probably married in Ohio, how-
ever, and he was connected with business inter-
ests there as a farmer and cooper. In 1844 he
removed from Ohio to Illinois, arriving in Pike
county in the month of April. Three years later
he settled on land of his own in New Salem
township and there successfully engaged in farm-
ing. During the years which followed he worked
his way upward from a humble financial position
to one of affluence and improved a valuable farm
of two hundred and sixty acres. He was a use-
ful citizen of his township and an active and
conscientious worker in the United Brethren
church, doing all in his power to promote public
progress and improvement along lines of mate-
rial, social, intellectual and moral development.
He was widely known for his integrity and other
commendable traits of character, which won for
him the esteem of the entire community. In
politics he was a stalwart democrat and he held
some local offices, discharging his duties with
promptness and fidelity. In fact every trust that
was reposed in him whether of a public or private
nature was faithfully performed and his life was
at all times honorable and upright. In early man-
hood he wedded Sarah Ann Nelson, also a native
of Maryland and a daughter of Elisha and Mary
(Stringer) Nelson, who were natives of Mary-
land and are supposed to have been of Scotch
lineage. They were farming people and after
their marriage resided in Maryland for a time,
while later they became residents of Harrison
county, Ohio, there remaining until 1842, when
they came to Illinois. They took up their abode
on a farm in New Salem township, where they
spent their remaining days and their lives were
in harmony with their professions as members of
the United Brethren church, with which they
were connected for many years. Their daughter
Sarah was born in April, 1807, was reared in
Mar viand and came to Illinois with her husband.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

499

whom she survived for several years, finally pass-
ing away on the 5th of September, 1887, when
more than eighty years of age. She, too, was a
consistent and helpful member of the United
Brethren church and she was the mother of
nineteen children, of whom nine are still living.

Richard Dunham was educated in the common
schools of Pike count}- and spent his youth in the
usual manner of farm lads, no event of special
importance occurring to vary the routine of farm
work for him in his minority. He aided in clear-
ing his father's place and as there was a coal
bank upon the farm he and his brother dug coal,
which they sold in Griggsville, Maysville and
other towns. This farm is now the property of
Mary Ann Dunham. Richard Dunham first be-
came the owner of land in 1864, at which time he
purchased forty acres near his father's place east
of New Salem. He sold that later and bought
more land and he now owns one hundred and
ninety-six acres on sections 13 and 14, New Sa-
lem township. He has a well improved farm,
having built thereon a good residence, and added
all modern equipments and accessories such as
are found upon a model farm property of the
twentieth century. He has always kept his place
well stocked and a glance at fields and meadows
would indicate to the passerby the careful super-
vision of a painstaking and progressive owner.
He continued to reside upon his farm until April,
1904. when he removed to Xew Salem, while his
sons leased the land. For twenty-five years he
and his brother Joshua operated a threshing ma-
chine. They owned several machines and made
considerable money in that way.

In 1861 occurred the marriage of Mr. Dun-
ham and Miss Julia Esther Hubbard, who was
horn July 20. 1838, in Greene county, Illinois, and
came to Pike county, locating near Pittsfield in
an early day. Ten children were born of this
marriage, of whom seven are yet living. Ruth
America became the wife of Charles A. Carnes
and by that marriage has three living children :
Fred X.. the. eldest, married Minnie Bridgeman.
resides in Salem township and has one child.
Veda L. : Mina May is the wife of William
H. Rheinhart and has one child: Orville Fay.
their home being in Xew Salem township;

and Fay Roy is living in this county. Mr.
Carnes, the father, died in 1893 and Mrs. Carnes
was married in 1895 to M. F. Shaffner, their
home being now in New Salem. George Nelson,
the second child of Richard Dunham, married
Myrtle Shuey, by whom he had a son, Percy H.
He died in September, 1903, and his widow now
resides in Argenta, Illinois. He was educated at
Westfield. Illinois, and taught school for five
years, after which he engaged in the insurance
business for a time. Subsequently he resumed
school-teaching and later became editor of the
Argenta Hustler. James Abel, the third mem-
ber of the Dunham family, lives upon the home
farm. He married Alice Wheeler and they have
four children: Floyd, Carl, Ralph and George.
William Fred, the fourth member of the family
and a resident of Pike county, married Anna
Wilson, who died leaving three children : Earl,
Andy and Richard. Ida May is the wife of
Charles Hooper, of New Salem township and has
three children: Neal, and Winifred and Helen,
twins. Arthur L. married Eura B. Starkey, re-
sides near Baylis and has three children : Fern,
Clesson and Ruth Marie. Bert N. married Cora
Manker and resides at Stonington, Illinois, where
he is a telegraph operator. Harry Herman, liv-
ing upon the home farm, married Ida Rheinhart
and has one child, Lloyd. In 1904 Mr. Dunham
was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife,
who died on the Qth of September of that year.
They had long traveled life's journey together,
sharing with each other its joys and sorrows, its
adversity and prosperity and the many good
traits of character which Mrs. Dunham displayed
won her the kindly regard and good will of many
friends as well as of her immediate family.

In his political views Mr. Dunham is a stal-
wart democrat and has served for two terms as
township commissioner. He belongs to the United
Brethren church and the qualities of good citizen-
ship, of reliability in business and faithfulness in
friendship have long been manifest in him. More-
over he has displayed in his business career
marked integrity as well as energy and through
his well directed efforts has won a competence,
being today the owner of a fine home ;n New
Salem as well as a farm. He is now living in

5oo

FAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

retirement in the enjoyment of well earned ease,
his capital being sufficient to supply him with all
of the comforts and many of the luxuries of life.

JOHN R. GICKER.

John R. Gicker, county clerk of Pike county,
who since 1898 has filled the position to which he
was elected as a democratic candidate, is a native
of Germany, his birth having occurred in the
town of Dodenau, Hesse-Darmstadt, on the gth of
February, 1855. His parents were John and Cath-
erine (Klein) Gicker. The father was engaged in
blacksmithing in Germany and died in his native
land many years ago, passing away in 1868, at
the age of sixty-eight. The mother's death
occurred when she was sixty-six years of age.
One son, John Gicker, is a farmer residing in
Adams county, Illinois, and a daughter, Mrs.
Kathrine Muller, is living in Hesse-Darmstadt,
Germany.

John R. Gicker when a youth of sixteen years
came alone to the new world. He has previously
learned the shoemaker's trade, and in Upper San-
dusky, Ohio, he spent about a year, after which
he came to Pike county, Illinois, in August, 1872.
As a respresentative of the shoe trade in Pitts-
field, he entered the employ of A. Sittler, with whom
he remained for two years, when he secured a
position with Joseph Hunter, again working at
the shoemaker's trade. When four years had
passed he engaged in business on his own account
and Weis alone for a period of four years, after
which he accepted a clerkship in the employ of F.
W. Neibur, of Pittsfield, until elected to the office
of county clerk. He had previously served as
town clerk for a period of seven years and his
capability and fidelity in that office led to his se-
lection for the superior orhce, in which he is now
serving. He was chosen county clerk by popu-
lar suffrage in 1898, and on the expiration of a
four years' term was re-elected so that his present
incumbency will continue until 1906.

Mr. Gicker was married in Pittsfield to Miss
Anna R. Heck, of this city, a daughter of Joseph
Heck, a resident of Pike couhty for many years,

but now deceased. His wife has also passed away.
Mr. and Mrs. Gicker have two sons both born in
Pittsfield: Julius R.,now a resident of KansasCity,
Missouri ; and Otto D., deputy county clerk of
Pittsfield. They have a pleasant home about a
block and a half west of the public square in Pitts-
field and occupy an enviable position in the social
circles of the city.

Mr. Gicker is a valuable respresentative of the
Masonic lodge, the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, the Knights of .Pythias, the Modern
Woodmen of America and the Pike County Mu-
tual Life Association, of which he is a director.
His political affiliation has always been with the
democracy ; and he is a member of the Methodist
church. His is not an exceptional career, and yet
it is one worthy of commendation, from the fact
that he came to America when young and empty-
handed, and through the utilization of opportuni-
ties, through close application and earnest pur-
pose he has worked his way upward, enjoying the
confidence and good will of his fellowmen as is
evidenced by his long continuance in public office.

JOB DIXON.

Job Dixon, now seventy-eight years of age, is
the owner of a splendidly improved farm on sec-
tion 6, Perry township. He started out in life on
his own account when but twelve years of age
and has since worked his way upward. He has
overcome difficulties and obstacles and in the
legitimate channels of trade has won the success
which he is now enjoying, being today one of the
extensive landowners of the county. He was.
born June u, 1828, in Lincolnshire, England.
His parents were Thomas and Mary (Barker)
Dixon, also natives of England, the former born
January 31, 1785, and the latter April 18, 1795.
The death of the father occurred January 31,
1846, while his wife passed away in 1870 on the
seventy-fifth anniversary of her birth. In their
family were four sons and two daughters, but
' only two are now living. Job and Thomas. The
latter was born November 19, 1831, and is now re-
siding in Lincolnshire, England, while Job is the

JOHN R. GICKER

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

503

representative of the family in the new world. He
never attended a day school save through one win-
ter season. His parents were in limited financial
circumstances and it was necessary that he began
to provide for his own support when but twelve
years of age. When sixteen years of age through
his own labor he paid six months' tuition in a
night school and he also attended a night school
for two winters after his marriage. He thus
learned to write a fair hand and also became fa-
miliar with business principles. He had become
a good reader in his early youth and experience,
reading and observation in later years have
brought to him broad information, making him
a well informed man.

On Monday, the 4th of October, 1858, Job
Dixon was united in marriage to Miss Ann Steph-
ensoa, who was also a native of Lincolnshire, born
December 6, 1834. The wedding ceremony was
performed by William Pierce in the Episcopal
church at West Ashby, England, with Thomas
Barton and Elizabeth Stephenson as witnesses
and on the following Monday the young couple
started for the United States, sailing from Liver-
pool to New York, whence they made their way
westward to Adams county, Illinois. They not
only were without capital, but Mr. Dixon had in-
curred an indebtedness of one hundred and five
dollars for their passage, which he paid back the
second summer after his arrival. During the first
winter, 1860-1, he and his wife worked for eleven
dollars per month. He was afterward able to ob-
tain higher wages and his economy and industry
at length brought him capital sufficient to enable
him to purchase a farm. He invested in one hun-
dred and twenty acres of land in Perry township,
Pike county, and with renewed impetus began the
development of his land, which in course of time
was transformed into a very productive tract. As
the years have passed by and his financial re-
sources have increased he has added to his prop-
erty from time to time until his realty holdings
now embrace eight hundred and sixty-eight acres
divided into five farms, all of which are occupied
by his children. Three lie in Perry township,
one in Fairmount township and one in Elkhorn
township, Brown county.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dixon have been born the

following named: John Thomas born January 9,
1861, married Sarah Boothby, October 29, 1890,
and is now living on one hundred and forty-three
acres of land, which is a part of the home place,
belonging to his father. Mary Ann, born Septem-
ber 8, 1862, was married December 13, 1887, to
Perry Zimmerman and resides in Elkhorn town-
ship. Emma, born February 22, 1864, became the
wife of Henry Smith on the 26th of February,
1889, and they now occupy a farm of one hundred
acres belonging to her father. William, born
November 19, 1865, was married February 28,
1894, to Carrie Stewart and occupies a farm of
one hundred and twenty acres belonging to his
father. Samuel S., who was born. August 5, 1868,
is living on the home farm. JobJEJenry, born Jan-
uary 19, 1872, was married4 Airgus-ti 2/3, .1898, to
Daisy Seaborn, who was born December 36," &74,
and they now reside upon the old homestead farm
of two hundred and fifty acres with his father.
Rebecca E., born October 30, 1869, became the
wife of Oscar Rusk, March 20, 1894, and they are
living upon a farm of one hundred and twenty
acres in Perry township belonging to her father.
Frederick, born April 12, 1874, died February 21,
1884. George A., born October 7, 1875, is now
living on a farm of one hundred and thirty-five
•irrres, which is his father's property. He was
Married October 14, 1903, to Lena Turnbull. Mrs.
Dixon, the mother of these children, died Decem-
ber 25, 1895.

As before stated, Mr. Dixon's first purchase of
land comprised one hundred and twenty acres
where he now resides. Upon the place was a log
cabin enclosed by a rail fence and a few logs had
been piled up and covered with straw in order to
afford shelter for the team. With characteristic
energy Mr. Dixon began the improvement of the
property and is today the owner of one of the
finest farms in Perry township. When his fine
residence, erected at a cost of three thousand dol-
lars, was destroyed by fire when it had been com-
pleted only a few years he immediately set to
work and erected an even more commodious and
finer residence than before and his home is now
one of the attractive features in the landscape. He
has large barns and sheds upon his place and the
farm is a splendidly improved property. He has

504

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

placed the greater part of his land under cultiva-
tion and has made a specialty of the raising of
Shropshire sheep, shorthorn cattle and good
horses and swine. In all of his work he has been
persistent and energetic, never brooking any ob-
stacles that could be overcome by determined
purpose and although his advantages in early life
were extremely few he has made steady progress
and is today one of the most prosperous farmers
of his county. He has never had occasion to re-
gret his determination to seek a home in America
but has felt proud that he became an American
citizen, for he found here the business opportu-
nities he sought and in this land, unhampered by
caste or class, he has made for himself an honor-
able name and a very desirable fortune.

ROBERT FRANKLIN.

Robert Franklin, living on section 23, Spring
Creek township, is one of the active and progres-
sive farmers and business men of his part of the
county and his landed possessions aggregate five
hundred acres, which he cultivates according to
modern methods, producing the best results from
field and pasture. He is a native of England,
his birth having occurred in Gloucestershire on
the 22d of March, 1849. His father, Jacob Frank-
lin, was also born and reared in England, where
he learned the stone-mason's trade, which he
followed in order to provide for his family. Rob-
ert Franklin remained under the parental roof
until his nineteenth year and with his father
learned the stone-mason's trade. He enjoyed
good common-school advantages and 'in his nine-
teenth year he and his brother John sailed from
Liverpool to America, landing in New York. He
then began life in a strange country, but hoped
to find better business opportunities in tne new
world, having heard favorable reports concern-
ing its business conditions. He worked at his
trade at different places in New York, Pennsyl-
vania, Maryland and Ohio. He was employed on
the Powers block in Rochester and helped to build
the government lighthouse on Lake Ontario near
Niagara Falls. He worked at various places in

the eastern and middle states and for five years
made his home in Cleveland, during which time
he acted as foreman on the construction of the
courthouse in that city.

Mr. Franklin was married in Connecticut be-
fore coming to the west, the wedding being cele-
brated in New Haven, on which occasion he made
Miss Eliza Smith his wife. She was born in
England and was a daughter of Joseph Smith, a
native of that country. She made the trip to
America in order to meet her prospective hus-
band, their troth having been plighted in their
native country. They were married on the 2ist
of November, 1871, and Mrs. Franklin has al-
ways traveled with her husband, maintaining a
pleasant home for him in the different cities to
which his business interests have called him.
While living in Cleveland he traded his town
property for eighty acres of land in Pike county,
Illinois, constituting a part of what is now the old
home place. He then came to the farm and began
to clear and improve the land, upon which he
erected a frame residence and barn. He also
began to cultivate the fields and from time to
time he purchased more land until he now has
a large and well improved place. He has done
much work at his trade in addition to carrying
on agricultural pursuits and was active in the
building of the Alton Railroad through Pike
county and also has been identified to some ex-
tent with building operations in Greene county.
He has erected upon his farm a good stone resi-
dence which is two stories in height and which
was built in 1887. He quarried his own stone and
constructed the building entirely unaided. It has
in front a beautiful portico unlike anything else
to be seen in the county. This home is one of the
beautiful features of the landscape and stands
in the midst of a well kept lawn. At places the
stone has been adorned with fine carving and al-
together the residence is a credit to the builder
and to the community at large. Mr. Franklin
also assisted in the erection of the present court-
house in Pittsfield, which is built entirely of
stone, much of which was quarried in this county.
In fact he was the only stone workman employed
on the building from Pike county. He is prac-
tically, however, retired from mason work, but

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

505

does some monumental work and assists his sons
in Nebo, who have an establishment in that place.
They carry a fine line of marble and monument
goods. The sons, William, Walter and Edward
Franklin, are partners in this enterprise, which
was established in 1900 and they have built a
brick store building in Nebo.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Franklin have been born
six children, of whom one died in infancy. The
others are William, who is married and resides
in Nebo ; Henry, who is married and operates the
home farm; Walter, who is connected with the
monument business in Nebo ; Herbert, who aids
in the farm work ; and Edward, who is married
and lives in Nebo. Henry wedded Verna Bunn,
a daughter of Samuel Bunn, a native of Calhoun
county, Illinois, and they now reside upon the
old homestead, but have a separate residence.
Two children have been born unto them, Owen
and Linn.

Mr. and Mrs. Franklin are liberal in their re-
ligious views, attending different churches and
contributing to their support. Politically he is a
democrat, loyal in his advocacy of the party, but
he has neither time nor inclination for public
office, preferring to concentrate his energies upon
his business affairs. He raises some graded cat-
tle, making a specialty of Herefords and has a
thoroughbred bull. His farm is one of the best
improved properties in this part of the state and
upon it he has now a good orchard and much
small fruit. There are also ample buildings for
the shelter of grain and stock, which taken in
addition to the handsome residence makes this
one of the finest farms of Pike countv.

EDWARD STONE.

Edward Stone, deceased, who was identified
with agricultural interests, was born in Pleasant
Hill township, Pike county, February 22, 1852,
and was the eldest son of Llewellyn and Mary
(Jewel) Stone. His education was acquired in
the common schools and in the high school of
Pittsfield and he was thus well equipped for life's
practical and responsible duties. In his youth he
became familiar with all the labors that fall to the

lot of the agriculturist. In 1879 Mr. Stone was
united in marriage to Miss Phoebe Davis, a na-
tive of Pittsfield, her marriage being celebrated
in the house in which she was born. Her par-
ents were James and Mary (Yates) Davis, the
former a native of Ohio and the latter of Ken-
tucky. The father was a farmer by occupation
and carried on general agricultural pursuits for
many years, capably directing his labors so that
he won a comfortable competence and in later life
lived retired in Pittsfield. He had accumulated a
large capital and engaged in loaning money. He
died in the year 1889, having for two years sur-
vived his wife, who passed away in December,
1887. They were the parents of seven children,
of whom six are yet living : Mrs. Ruth Thomp-
son, who resides in Mechanicsburg, Illinois ; Mrs.
Eliza Lisk, who is living in Kansas: Maria, the
wife of James Newport, a resident of Pittsfield ;
William Davis, who is also living in Pittsfield;
Mrs. Mary Ann Shaw, who resides in Summer
Hill, Illinois; and Mrs. Stone.

The last named pursued her education in the
schools of Pittsfield and was carefully trained in
the work of the household, so that she was well
equipped for caring for a home of her own at
the time of her marriage. Three daughters were
born of this union and are all yet living, namely :
Bessie, who is engaged in teaching school in
Washington; May, who is living with her mother;
and Luella, who is. a student in the Pittsfield high
school. The. elder two daughters are also grad-
uates of the high school of Pittsfield. The death
of Mr. Stone occurred on the 28th of July, 1900,
and his remains were interred in South cemetery
at Pittsfield. He led a busy, useful and active life,
always devoting his energies to agricultural pur-
suits, and by the assistance of his estimable wife
he acquired most of the property which is now in
possession of his family. He worked earnestly
and persistently and his integrity stood as an un-
questioned fact in his career. His political alle-
giance was given to the democracy and he held
some local offices, including that of township as-
sessor. In community interests he always mani-
fested a desire for progress and improvement and
gave his co-operation to many measures for the
general good. Both he and his wife were mem-

5o6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

bers of the Christian church, to which her par-
ents also belonged, and Mr. Stone served as dea-
con in the church for a number of years, while
his father was an elder. His interest in various
church activities was deep and sincere and he also
contributed generously according to his means to
its support. His- death was deeply regretted by
many friends as well as his immediate family for
his life was such as commanded the good will and
confidence of those with whom he was associated.
Mrs. Stone owns two hundred and forty acres of
fine land and has a beautiful home where she re-
sides a mile south of Pittsfield. She leases most
of the land, but she keeps forty head of cattle,
some hogs and horses. She has always been a
very industrious woman and her labors were of
great benefit to her husband in his active business
career.

J. SMITH THOMAS, M. D.

Dr. J. Smith Thomas, a member of the medical
fraternity and one of the oldest practitioners of
Pike county, having been located at Pleasant Hill
for thirty-four years, has resided in this village
for a much longer period, having taken up his
abode here in 1849. He was born in Pike county,
Missouri, near Louisiana, on the 26th of August,
1845. His father, Dr. John A. Thomas, was a
native of Virginia, born April 8, 1818, while the
grandfather, Cornelius Thomas, was likewise
born in the Old Dominion, and was a son of
Charles Thomas, who was one of the heroes of the
Revolution. The family is of Welsh descent, and
from the same ancestry is descended General
George H. Thomas, who was one of the promi-
nent commanders of the Union forces in the Civil
war.

Dr. John A. Thomas came to the Mississippi
valley with his father, Cornelius Thomas, about
1833, and settled in Pike county, Missouri. He
was then a young man, and, taking up the study
of medicine, he afterward engaged in practice in
Pike county, Missouri, for a few years. In 1849,
however, he moved across the river to Pike
county, Illinois, settling at Pleasant Hill, where
he continued in the active prosecution of his pro-

fession for a considerable period. He had a large
and lucrative practice and was recognized as one
of the prominent physicians of this county, his
business extending for miles around. In many a
household he was the loved family physician,
whose aid could always be counted upon and
whose labor was an efficient and potent element in
checking the ravages of disease and ' restoring
health. He was twice married, his first union be-
ing with Miss Sarah E. Griffith, whom he wedded
in Missouri. Her birth occurred in Pike county,
that state, her parents being Joel and Mary
(Smith) Griffith, who had removed from Ken-
tucky to Missouri. Mrs. Thomas died in Pleas-
ant Hill, Illinois. Four children had been born
of that union. Subsequently Dr. John A. Thomas
married Miss Sophia Blair, of Barry, Illinois, a
daughter of Ex-Senator Blair, of Pike county, Il-
linois. She was educated in Jacksonville (Illi-
nois) Female College, from which she was gradu-
ated, and later she became one of the teachers and
afterward professor of mathematics in that insti-
tution, which position she held prior to her mar-
riage to Dr. Thomas. Of the Masonic fraternity
Dr. Thomas was a leading representative at Pleas-
ant Hill. He was also a prominent member of the
Baptist church, -and his life was ever honorable
and upright. He was an ardent supporter of the
cause of prohibition, fearlessly expressing his
opinions, and doing much good along this line,
the effects of which are still preceptible in Pleas-
ant Hill. An active and useful career was termi-
nated by his death on the 25th of February. 1888,
his remains being interred in Pleasant Hill ceme-
tery. Great regret was felt throughout the com-
munity, because he had so endeared himself to
many patrons and friends as to make his demise
the occasion of a feeling of personal loss to all
who knew him. His widow still survives him,
and now resides with her son, C. C. Thomas, upon
the old homestead.

Dr. J. Smith Thomas is the eldest of the family
of four children born of his father's first marriage.
The others are : Lizzie, who became the wife of
T. J. Shultz and died in 1905 ; Mary, who became
the wife of H. C. Moore and died in 1905 ; and
C. J. Thomas, of Pleasant Hill. By the father's
second marriage there were three children : A.

DR- J. SMITH THOMAS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

509

T. Thomas, living in Pleasant Hill ; W. S., a busi-
ness man of St. Louis, Missouri ; and Clarence C.,
who is cashier of the Citizens' Bank of Pleasant
Hill.

Dr. J. Smith Thomas was reared in the village
of Pleasant Hill and took up the study of medi-
cine with his father as his preceptor. Later he
pursued courses of lectures in college, and was
graduated from the Ohio Medical College at Cin-
cinnati with the class of 1872. When he had com-
pleted his studies he returned home and joined
"his father in practice. In 1876-7 he pursued a
post-graduate couse in St. Louis, Missouri, and
he took a second post-graduate course in New
York city in 1900-1. In 1884, Dr. Thomas spent
the winter in San Antonio, Texas, where he en-
gaged in practice, returning home in the follow-
ing spring. He has been an active member of the
medical profession of this locality for nearly
thirty-five years, and during that period a number
of young men have studied under him, and later
engaged in practice with him. At this writing a
-nephew, Dr. Wells, who was reared and educated
by Dr. Thomas, is now in partnership with him
and the firm is a strong and capable one.

Dr. Thomas was married in Pike county on the
24th of November, 1874, to Miss Molly S. W'ells,
a daughter of Perry S. Wells, one of the promi-
nent farmers and early settlers of Pike county,
formerly from Kentucky, whence he removed to
Missouri, and later came to Pike county, Illinois.
Unto the Doctor and his wife have been born five
children: Grace, who married Frank Darrow,
and is now living in East St. Louis ; Blanche, the
wife of W. T. Waugh, of Pleasant Hill ; Lizzie,
at home; Jessie, the wife of Scott Galloway, a
business man of Pleasant Hill ; and Leslie, at
home.

Politically Dr. Thomas was formerly a repub-
lican but now votes with the democratic party, and
is the only member of his family thus affiliated.
Religiously he is an active member of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church. He belongs to the
Knights of Pythias fraternity, and his pojitior. in
social circles and as a citizen is a creditable one ;
but he is best known as a representative of the
medical fraternity. His efforts have been of last-
ing and permanent good, and he enjoys the high-

est respect of his professional brethren, because of
his close adherence to an advanced standard of
professional ethics. His study and reading have
been comprehensive and his investigation has led
to more thorough and accurate knowledge result-
ing in greater proficiency in his practice.

HARVEY W. SWEETING.

Harvey W. Sweeting, in early manhood a farm
hand and now a prosperous farmer, owning a
valuable property in Griggsville township, was
born May 10, 1869, his parents being Richard and
Dorothy (Marshall) Sweeting, both of whom
were natives of England. The father, for many
years an enterprising agriculturist of Perry town-
ship, was born in Knaresbofo, Yorkshire, Eng-
land, near the castle of the sartie'.na.me and was a
son of Jonathan Sweeting, a native of West Rid-
ing, Yorkshire, where his childhood and youth
were passed. Having learned the shoemaker's
trade, he followed that pursuit until his death,
which occurred when he was in his ninetieth
year. Richard Sweeting, the great-grandfather
of our subject, was also of English lineage and
made his home in Yorkshire, where he followed
the occupation of shoemaking and passed away
when nearly ninety years of age. He was twice
married, while Jonathan Sweeting, the grand-
father of our subject, was married three times,
his first union being with Miss Mary Greenough,
who was born and reared in Yorkshire but in one
ancestral line came of Scotch lineage. She died
when her son, Richard Sweeting, was only six
years of age.

Richard Sweeting remained in his father's
home after the latter's second marriage and mas-
tered the trade to which his father and grand-
father had given their attention, becoming an ex-
cellent shoemaker. He afterward learned, the
baker's trade, which he followed in England un-
til September, 1846, when, attracted by the op-
portunities and privileges of the new world, he
sailed for America on the General Park Hale, a
merchant ship bound for New Orleans. After a
voyage of seven weeks he landed at the Crescent

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

city and proceeded up the Mississippi river to
St. Louis, Missouri, and on to Griggsville Land-
ing on the Illinois river. For three years he
made his home with his uncle, William Thackery,
in Flint township, and after seven years he re-
turned to England, where he was married to Miss
Dorothy Marshall, whose birth occurred in
Knaresboro in 1834, her parents being James and
Ann (Sly) Marshall, also natives of Yorkshire,
although the Sly family is of Scotch descent.
Both Mr. and Mrs. Marshall lived to an advanced
age, remaining residents of England and the
former was a prominent educator for forty-five
years, while for more than a half century he
served as parish clerk. Mrs. Sweeting was the
third in order of birth in his family of three
daughters and four sons and was carefully edu-
cated in her father's school. Mr. Sweeting re-
turned with his bride to, the new world and in
1853 took up his abode upon a farm in Perry
township, where for many years he made his
home, becoming one of the prominent and lead-
ing agriculturists of that community. He died
January 10, 1900, at the age of seventy-one years
and four months, while his wife passed away
July 29, 1902. at the age of sixty-seven years,
six months and twelve days.

In their family were eleven children, of whom
the following are now living, namely: Jennie,
who married Frank MoVey ; Mrs. Anna Rush ;
Mrs. Vina E. Irving ; Arthur, who married Mary
Dorsey : Frederick, who married Clementina
Ham; and George, who wedded Cora Greiwe.
When Richard Sweeting arrived in this country
he had but three dollars and seventy-five cents
and from a humble financial position he worked
his way steadily upward to one of affluence and
for many years was a prosperous and respected
agriculturist of Perry township.

Harvey W. Sweeting, whose name introduces
this review, was educated in the public schools
and was reared to farm life. He carried on
farming on his own account for four years prior
to his marriage and throughout the period of his
youth, as his age and strength permitted, he as-
sisted his father in the operation of the old home-
stead. He now devotes his time and energies to
general fanning and stock-raising, having one

hundred acres of well improved land, which he
has brought under a high state of cultivation. He
raises from fifty to seventy-five head of hogs each
year and he also breeds and raises good horses,
having from five to seven head. In his business
he allows no outside influences to interfere with
his faithful performance of each day's duties and
in the control of his property and the care of his
fields as well as in stock-raising he has shown a
thorough understanding of his work and has won
a goodly success.

On the 26th of January, 1894. Mr. Sweeting
was united in marriage to Miss Margaret
Van Zandt, the wedding being celebrated in
Pittsfielcl. Her parents were Joseph P. and
Caroline (Brower) Van Zandt and as the
name indicates, the family is of German origin,
its early representatives in America being resi-
dents of Pennsylvania. John Van Zandt, grand-
father of Mrs. Sweeting, was a native of Ken-
tucky, where he followed farming and carpenter-
ing. He there married a Miss Niece, whose birth
occurred in Pennsylvania and who died in her
native state, leaving three children, all of whom
have now passed away. After losing his first
wife John Van Zandt wedded Miss Lydia Uttley
in Pennsylvania. Her parents were English and
following their marriage crossed the Atlantic to
the United States, settling in Mifflin county,
Pennsylvania, where they passed away at sn ad-
vanced age. Following his second marriage Mr.
Van Zandt resided in Pennsylvania until called
to his final rest. Joseph Van Zandt, father of
Mrs. Sweeting, was born in Mifflin county, Penn-
sylvania, in June, 1831, and learned the trade of a
millwright and carpenter. In June, 1858, he
came to Pike county, Illinois, and residing in
Fairmount township was connected with building
operations until 1880, when failing health forced
him to retire from carpentering and he afterward
devoted his attention to the management of a
farm of five hundred acres on section 23, Perry
township. He was a very prosperous man and
the greater part of his property and capital were
secured after his removal to Pike county. He
served as a soldier of the Civil war, enlisting in
August. 1862. as a member of Company B, Nine-
ty-ninth Illinois Infantry, under Colonel Mat-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

thews. Later he was transferred to Company H
of the same regiment under Captain Hill, and
with the Ninety-ninth Illinois he participated in
the battle of Hartsford, but was thrown from a
wagon and sustained severe injuries that caused
his honorable discharge. His wife, whom he
wedded in Mount Sterling, Illinois, was a daugh-
ter of John and Delight (Smith) Brower, who
were natives of New York and were of Holland
lineage. Mrs. Van Zandt was born in Madison
county. New York. February 10, 1837, ar>d m
1839 her parents removed to Missouri, whence
they came to Pike county, Illinois, the father be-
coming owner of a small farm on section 14,
Fairmount township, where he and his wife spent
their remaining days. They were members of the
church of Latter Day Saints. In the family of
Mr. and Mrs. Van Zandt were seven children,
including Mrs. Sweeting, who by her marriage
has become the mother of two children : Dorothy
C., born February 10, 1895 ; and William H.,
born October n, 1899.

Mr. Sweeting gives his political allegiance to
the republican party. He belongs to the Farm-
ers' Alliance, to the Knights of Pythias and both
he and his wife are connected with the Rathbone
Sisters. He also holds membership in the Anti-
Horse Thief Association and at the present writ-
ing he is serving as a school director. In com-
munity affairs he is deeply interested, the cause
of education finding in him a warm friend, while
all matters of public progress receive his endorse-
ment and many times his active co-operation.

GEORGE U. McCOMAS, M. D.

Dr. George U. McComas, engaged in the prac-
tice of medicine and surgery in New Canton,
was born in Harford county, Maryland, May 2,
1858, his parents being Joshua and Rebecca J.
(Maul) McComas. The parents' birth also oc-
curred in Harford county, Maryland, and they
were married there in 1856. The father was a
wheelright by trade, and in connection with other
pursuits he carried on farming to some extent.
His religious faith was that of the Methodist

Episcopal church, while in his political views
he was a stalwart republican. He died November
28, 1896, at the age of sixty-five years and is still
survived by his widow who is now living1 in
Adams county in her seventieth year. They were
the parents of five sons and a daughter, namely :
George U., of this review; William M., a con-
tractor and builder residing in Adams county ;
Charles H., who is a train dispatcher on the
Northern Central Railroad in Baltimore ; Marion,
a blacksmith at Plainville, Adams county; James
B., who is in the postoffice at Baltimore, Mary-
land; and Mary Edith, who is living with her
mother and brother in Adams county, Illinois.

Dr. McComas pursued his early education in
the public schools of his native county and in
1876 came to Illinois, being at that time about
seventeen years of age. He worked at farming
about three summers and then returned to Mary-
land, where. he read dentistry under the direction
of J. W. Barton, at Blackhorse, Maryland, with
whom he remained for two years. In 1880 he
returned to Illinois and registered as a dentist
at Mendon, Adams county, where he spent a year
and a half, after which he came to Barry in 1882.
There he engaged in dental practice for six
years, but in the meantime, believing that he
would find the practice of medicine more con-
genial, he devoted his leisure hours from 1884
until 1888, inclusive, to reading medicine under
the direction of Dr. J. G. McKinney, passing the
state board examination on the I3th of August,
1888. On the 7th of November of the same year
he located for practice in New Canton, where he
has remained continuously since. He has been
an earnest student of his profession and in the
winter of 1892-3 he attended the College of Phy-
sicians and Surgeons, at Keokuk, Iowa. Reading
research and experiment have also broadened
his knowledge and promoted his efficiency and
he now has a good business and is well thought
of throughout the county. He belongs to the
Pike County Medical Society, the Illinois State
Medical Association and the American Medical
Association.

On the 25th of June, 1884, Dr. McComas was
joined in wedlock to Miss Mary E. Davis, who
was born April 8, 1859, and is a daughter of Perry

512

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

H. and Eliza (Johnson) Davis. Her father was
born in Fountain county, Indiana, February 10,
1826, and was a son of Robert and Amanda
(Blair) Davis, the former a native of Kentucky
and the latter of Indiana. The family comes of
Scotch ancestry and in 1829 the grandparents of
Mrs. McComas came to Pike county, settling in
Kinderhook, where her father acquired his edu-
cation. In 1851 he married Mrs. Eliza Ship-
man, who was born in Columbus, Ohio, March 6,
1828. They became the parents of five children.
In the year of their marriage they removed to
New Canton, where Mr. Davis engaged in mer-
chandising until 1862, when he was elected
county sheriff, serving for two years in that of-
fice. He then resumed business as a merchant,
continuing in that line until 1878, when he sold
out. He also practiced law to some extent and was
successful as a representative of the profession.
His political allegiance was given to the democ-
racy. As a pioneer settler he saw the country
in its primitive condition, when wolves and other
wild animals were numerous and when deer and
lesser kinds .of game could be had in abundance.
He died January 27, 1887, and is still survived
by his widow, who now resides in New Canton,
where she has lived continuously since 1845.
She was twice married, her first husband being .
James Shipman, who died in 1849, after which,
in 1851, she gave her hand in marriage to Mr.
Davis. By her first union she had three sons:
Philander, who was born October 23, 1845, and
died after attaining manhood; Pulaski, who was
born August 3, 1847, and is living in New Can-
ton; and James, who was born August 13, 1849,
and resides in the state of Washington. By the
marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Davis there were five
children but only two are now living : Mrs. Mc-
Comas; and Charles J., who was born May 16,
1861, and now resides in Portland, Oregon.

Dr. McComas is a member of the Masonic
fraternity, being affiliated with New Canton lodge,
No. 821, A. F. & A. M. He also belongs to
Pleasant Vale lodge, No. 381, Knights of Py-
thias, and both he and his wife are members of
the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he
is a republican but is without aspiration for
office, as his time and attention are fully occu-

pied by his professional duties. His native intel-
lectual strength, his unfaltering determination
and laudable ambition have been the salient feat-
ures in a successful professional career, and cons-
tantly growing business is indicative of the trust
reposed in him by his fellow townsmen who find
in his capable work the best justification of their
trust and confidence.

MARK S. BRADBURN.

Mark Shackelford Bradburn, member of the
Pike county bar and state's attorney at Pittsfield,
was born in Randolph county, Missouri, August
5, 1860. His parents were Alexander M. and
Emily E. (Jamison) Bradburn. The father was
a farmer by occupation and died September 10,
1890. He served for three years as a soldier in the
Civil war, advocating the Union cause. He came
of Scotch-Irish ancestry.

Mark S. Bradburn spent his boyhood days un-
der the parental roof and supplemented his early
education acquired in the common schools by
study in the Central Normal College at Danville,
Indiana, where he pursued a scientific course.
After attaining his majority he worked by the
month in the summer seasons for several years
upon various farms of the county. He was al-
ways of a studious nature, of quiet disposition and
industrious habits and his personal worth as well
as his industry won him the unqualified confidence
and respect of those by whom he was employed.
When about nineteen years of age he began teach-
ing school, which he followed in both district and
village schools in Pike county, giving his attention
largely to the profession until 1894. In the mean-
time he had taken up the study of law, which he
pursued assiduously and, having mastered the
chief principles of jurisprudence, he was, upon ex-
amination, admitted to the bar in 1894. He has
since practiced with good success. In the court-
room he presents his cause in clear and logical
manner, being seldom at fault in his deductions,
but like all truly successful lawyers, his greatest
work is done in his office, where he prepares his
cases with great thoroughness and care. On the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

9th of April, 1904, he was nominated for states at-
torney of Pike county on the democratic ticket and
at the election in the succeeding November was
found to be the popular choice for the office, which
he is now capably filling, discharging his duties
without fear or favor. In his private practice his
devotion to his clients' interests is proverbial, yet
he never forgets that he owes a higher allegiance
to the majesty of the law.

Mr. Bradburn was for three years, from 1894
to 1897, a member of the Illinois National Guard.
Since 1893 he has been a member of the Christian
church, having joined the organization in Barry
and he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, the Masonic fraternity and the Mutual
Protective League. In manner he is entirely free
from ostentation and display, yet possesses that
genuine personal worth which commands regard
and good will. He has ever been of studious
habits, displaying a strict conformity to the high
moral principles which he has ever entertained
and developing a well rounded nature through
the exercise of the latent talents with which na-
ture, endowed him. He is in his present office
proving a capable official and in his chosen life
work has met with a fair measure of success.

JOHN KENDRICK.

About a mile and a half from New Canton
is located the well improved farm of John Ken-
drick who is a self-made man, owing his success
entirely to earnest and unremitting toil. He is
today the owner of two hundred and eighty acres
of rich and arable land. He was born in Kildare,
Ireland, on the 24th of June, 1855, and in his
business career has exemplified the versatility
and diligence characteristic of the Irish race. His
parents were William and Maria (Heffron) Ken-
drick, who were also natives of the Emerald Isle,
where the father followed the occupation of farm-
ing. They resided in the land of their birth until
May, 1866, when they took passage on a sailing
vessel bound for America and after five weeks
and three days on the ocean landed at Castle

Garden, New York. They had a very rough
voyage and in the storm one night all the masts
were broken. After reaching the eartern metrop-
olis Mr. Kendrick at once made his way to Quin-
cy, Illinois, whence he drove to Pike county
with a one-horse wagon, locating near the head
of Kiser creek. After a period of about three
years spent here he passed away in 1869. His
widow afterward married Joseph McFarland and
her death occurred in March, 1902. By the first
marriage there were born six children, four sons
and two daughters, namely : John ; Mrs. Belle
Barnett, now deceased ; Mrs. Jane Feshe, of Wash-
ington, also deceased ; Ed ; Mrs. Mary Smading,
of Washington; and Mrs. Kate Gogsdill, also of
the same state.

John Kendrick spent the first eleven years of
his life in his native land and then accompanied
his parents on their emigration to the new world.
His education was acquired in the common
schools and when a youth of fifteen he started out
to make his own way in the world, fighting life's
battles unaided but coming off victor in the strife.
He was first employed by the month at farm labor
and saving his earnings he was finally enabled
to purchase a farm south of New Canton, which
he cultivated for a time and then sold. He first
invested in two hundred acres of land where he
now lives in Pleasant Vale township, and this
is one of the fine farms of the county. It is lo-
cated both on the bluff and on the bottom and is
conveniently situated about a mile and a half
north of New Canton, so that the privileges of
urban life are readily acquired. The fields are
well tilled and through the rotation of crops and
the use of fertilizers are kept in good bearing
condition, so that he annually harvests large crops.

Mr. Kendrick was married to Miss Mary
Wheelan, a daughter of James and Isabelle
(Brown) Wheelan. Her father was born in Ire-
land in 1837 and came to St. Louis, Missouri,
with his mother in 1848. He was a son of
Richard and Mary (Scully) Wheelan and the
former died in 1846, after which his mother
crossed the Atlantic with her son, making the
voyage in a sailing vessel, which was six weeks
and four days upon the bosom of the Atlantic
before dropping anchor in the harbor of New

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Orleans. They remained in St. Louis until 1855,
when Mr. Wheelan came to Pike county and en-
tered the employ of Horace Palmer, a black-
smith. Later he followed the same pursuit upon
his own account until 1873, when he turned his
attention to farming and in 1877 he took up his
abode upon a farm, which he had purchased in
1870, and on which he has resided continuously
since. He has here two hundred and forty acres
of fine land on section i, Pleasant Vale township,
improved with a beautiful home and substantial
buildings for the shelter of grain and stock. He
was married in 1857 to Miss Isabelle Brown, a
native of Ireland, and of their seven children four
are yet living, namely : Mary, now Mrs. Ken-
drick; Belle, the wife of Warren S. Spencer, of
Pleasant Vale township; William, who resides
with his father, having lost his wife, who bore
the maiden name of Anna Brammel and who at
her death left three children, John B., James S.
and George S. ; James G., who also lives with his
father. He married Anna Hoverland, who has
departed this life. One daughter, Ella, became
the wife of John Likes and at her death left a
son, Alexander H. Rebecca married Ed Fesler.
and both are now deceased. They left two chil-
dren, James W. and Ella M. Richard was the
other member of the Wheelan family. The
mother died in 1873 and in 1877 Mr. Wheelan
married Eliza Brown. He is a democrat and a
Royal Arch Mason.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kendrick have been born
ten children : William, who married Mabel New-
man and is living in Washington ; Belle, the wife
of Will Card, who resides near the Kendrick
farm ; James ; Charles ; Harry ; Kate ; Samuel ;
Mary; Eliza; and Johnnie.

The family have a pleasant home upon the farm
and with the assistance of his sons Mr. Kendrick
is carefully conducting his business interests. He
carries on general farming and stock-raising and
is quite extensively engaged in stock-dealing. He
has both Angus cattle and shorthorns, and he also
raises a large number of hogs. He buys, feeds
and ships cattle, and annually sends large numbers
to the city market. This branch of his business
is proving a very profitable source of income to
him and indicates that he is an excellent judge

of stock, making judicious purchases and remu-
nerative sales.

In his political views Mr. Kendrick is an earn-
est and unfaltering republican, deeply interested
in the growth and success of his party. He has
held some local offices, being school director, road
commissioner and chairman of the board of town-
ship trustees at different times. He belongs to
the Masonic lodge, No. 821, of New Canton, and
camp, No. 1148, M. W. A. His life work might
be summed up in the phrase "through struggles
to success." He has triumphed over difficulties
and obstacles such as any man may encounter in
a business career and as the years have gone by,
he has wrested prosperity from the hand of fate.

JACOB TURNBAUGH.

Jacob Turnbaugh, deceased, was born in Wash-
ington sounty, Kentucky, May 22, 1818, and was
a son of George and Nancy Turnbaugh, so well
known in the pioneer days of Pike county. In
infancy the subject of our sketch emigrated with
his parents to Lincoln county, Missouri, where
they lived until March 6, 1827, when they were
lured to the rich soil of Pike county, settling on
what is now known as the Donevan farm near the
Stockland schoolhouse.

The country being new, they had to undergo
untold suffering. The county at this early period
of its history was sparsely settled, and they had
none of the conveniences of modern times, while
the native savages and ferocious animals were
numerous. At this early day where the village
of Pleasant Hill now stands was a dense wilder-
ness known as "Bear Thicket," and just one mile
west of this, surrounded by an almost impene-
trable forest, was a small one-roomed log house —
-the home of the boy whose life we here record,
and who grew to the pure and noble-hearted
man widely known as one of the landmarks in
the early history of the county.

Mr. Turnbaugh's early educational advantages
were very limited, not having enjoyed the free
schools, as do the boys of the present day. While
he was deprived of such opportunities himself,

PAST AXD PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

S'5

he never failed to realize the worth of an educa-
tion, and always advised the young that it was
the best investment of their lives.

In this wilderness home the subject of our
sketch grew to manhood, residing continuously
within three miles of town, much of the time on
the Mississippi bottom. He was the second of a
family of ten children, of whom one brother and
one sister are still living. On the 2d of July,
1836, he was united in marriage to Abigail Col-
lard, and to this union were born eight children,
two boys and six girls: Jonathan, Cotel, Nancy
Jane, Mary Elizabeth, Margaret Eliza, Ruth Em-
ily, Sarah Samantha, Amanda Melvina and
George Washington. Mrs. Abigail Turnbaugh
departed this life in July, 1869.

Mr. Turnbaugh was married again on the 22d
of February, 1871, this time to Samantha Jane
Simpson. To this union two children were born :
William Edward and Viola Belle ; the sister hav-
ing crossed the river of death February 3, 1899.

In the early '505 the deceased united with the
Baptist church at Martinsburg, six miles north
of Pleasant Hill, and was one of the fifty-three
petitioners who later asked the mother church at
Martinsburg for letters of dismissal, that they
might constitute an independent church in Pleas-
ant Hill, and which were granted May 4, 1857.

While a young man he learned the carpenter
trade, but is remembered as one of the industrious
pioneer farmers of Pleasant Hill township. Up
to the time of the war he had owned three differ-
ent farms, and finally bought a farm one mile
south of Pleasant Hill, where he spent the closing
years of his life, and where his death occurred
January n, 1903, at the age of eighty-four years,
seven months and nineteen days. The funeral,
conducted by Rev. William Gaither, of Medora,
took place in the Baptist church, of which he had
been so long a faithful member.

He was the last of the old settlers of Pleasant
Hill township ; was a member of the Old Settlers'
Association of Pike county, and helped erect the
first building ever put up in Pleasant Hill, being
near where the Baptist church now stands.

Another event noticeable is that the subject of
our sketch was born in the same year the grand
old state of Illinois was admitted to the Union.

Politically he was a democrat, and never voted
anything but that ticket. He never held office
of any kind either socially or politically, believing
. his plain duty to be that of a hard-working, hon-
est and honorable citizen. He lived to see the
country change from its wild state to a fertile
field of plenty — a living monument to the noble
work of the sturdy pioneers with whom he cast
his lot in life.

Mr. Turnbaugh loved to talk with his friends,
children and grandchildren of his early life in
this new country. It would require a volume to
record his recollections of those early days of
pioneer hardships, but he looked back to them
with happy recollections and liked to recall them
and talk about them.

"Uncle Jake," as- he was familiarly called by
both old and young, was a man of Christian in-;
tegrity, high moral principle, good judgment, be-
loved and esteemed by all who knew him. He
was plain and unostentatious in his manners, a
kind neighbor, a pleasant conversationalist, a lov-
ing father, and a kind friend with strong religious
convictions, undeviating honesty — a fit and hon-
orable representative of his worthy ancestors.

CHARLES E. BOLIN.

Charles E. Bolin is one of the prominent and
representative business men of Pike county, mak-
ing his home in Milton, where he is now conduct-
ing the Exchange Bank, of which he is sole
owner. He is also engaged extensively in the
live-stock business, and has large landed interests.
His recognition of business opportunities, his ca-
pable use of each situation and his unfaltering
pei severance and diligence constitute the salient
elements in a successful career. He is a native of
Dewitt county, Illinois, born April 29, 1843,
his parents being Myrus F. and Rebecca A. Bo-
lin. both of whom are now deceased, the father
having passed away at the age of sixty-five years,
while the mother's death occurred when she was
eighty-one years of age. They were long resi-
dents of Dewitt county, Illinois, where they ar-
rived in 1838. thus casting in their lot with the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

early settlers who aided in the reclamation of
that district for the purposes of cultivation and
civilization. There they continued to reside until
called to their final rest.

Charles E. Bolin was reared upon the old home
farm there, and acquired his education in the
country schools, wherein he mastered the usual
branches of learning taught in such institutions.
Through the summer months he aided in the la-
bors of the farm, becoming familiar with the
work of cultivating the fields and raising stock.
When twenty-five years of age, realizing the ne-
cessity and value of further education, he en-
tered Eureka College in Woodford county, Illi-
nois, where he remained for six months. He then
turned his attention to farming, continuing ac-
tively in that work until the fall of 1868.

Mr. Bolin was married on the 22d of October,
1868, to Mrs. Harriet N. Bolin, a daughter of
Nathan and Elizabeth Tucker, early settlers of
Pike county, Illinois, but both are now deceased.'
Nathan Tucker died in 1847, an<^ n's wife* ^°nS
surviving him, passed away at an advdnc'ecf age
in 1894. Their daughter first married Charles
Colburn Bolin, now deceased. There was one
child by that marriage, Caddie Colburn Bolin,
who died in 1877, at the age of ten years. Mr.
and Mrs. C. E. Bolin became the parents of six
children : Estella B., Artie L., Charles E., Hat-
tie, Jewel and Myrtie D. Bolin. Of the living
Estella B. is now the wife of O. C. Hoover, and
has three children, two of whom are living : Bede
Bolin and Myrrell Bolin Hoover. Artie L.,
Charles E. and Myrtie D. Bolin are all at home
with their parents.

The year following his marriage Mr. Bolin re-
moved to Milton, where he has since been engaged
in the live-stock business, and is one of the most
extensive and prominent dealers in this line in
the county. He is now associated with his son,
Charles E. Bolin, Jr., and their sales of cattle
and swine bring a most gratifying financial return
annually. In July, 1875, in connection with W.
E. Butler and L. J. Frank, Mr. Bolin established
the Exchange Bank of Milton which was under
the management of Mr. Butler until October,
1878, at which date Mr. Butler retired and Mr.
Bolin succeeded him as manager, the business be-

ing continued under the firm name of C. E. Bolin
& Company until the death of Mr. Frank in Au-
gust, 1898, since which time Mr. Bolin has been
sole owner and proprietor of the bank, which is
a reliable financial concern, of much value to the
community as well as a source of individual profit.
As opportunity has offered Mr. Bolin has also
made investment in real estate, until he is now the
owner of about one thousand acres of rich and
fertile land in Montezuma and Detroit townships.
He is alert and enterprising, quickly notes a
good business opportunity, and through his well
directed efforts has worked his way upward to
success. He is indeed a self-made man, owing
his prosperity entirely to his own labors ; and his
life record should serve as an inspiration and
encouragement to others, showing what may
be accomplished through personal effort guided
by sound judment and supplemented by laud-
able ambition. In community affairs he has
been deeply and helpfully interested, and
at rvtfridus times through a period of ten years
has served as a member of the board of super-
visors. His political allegiance is given to the
democratic party; and he is a member of
the Christian church, having served as one of the
elders at Milton since 1872. He has probably at-
tended and officiated at more funerals than any
other man in the county. In an analyzation of his
life record it will be seen that while he has pros-
pered, his methods have ever been such as would
bear close investigation and scrutiny. He has
never taken advantage of the necessities of his
fellowmen in any business transaction but through
the legitimate channels of trade has won his
prosperity, while at the same time his course has
excited the admiration and won the respect of
all who know him.

WILLIAM H. LEWIS.

William H. Lewis, who since 1883 has resided
upon his present farm of two hundred acres on
section 5, Pleasant Vale township, was born on
the ist of June. 1836, in this township, his par-
ents being John W. and Caroline (Ward) Lewis.

MRS. WILLIAM H. LEWIS

WILUAM H. LEWIS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

521

The father was born in Lincoln county, Mis-
souri, and removed to Pike county, Illinois, when
about eighteen years of age. The mother's birth
occurred in the Empire state, and she came with
her parents to Pike county at an early day, when
deer were frequently seen in large numbers, when
wolves made the nights hideous with their howl-
ing, and when the Indians were still frequent visi-
tors to this locality. John W. Lewis and Caro-
line Ward were married in this county, and with
one exception their children were all born here.
In 1846 they went to Texas, where they remained
until March, 1847, an^ 'it was on their return
journey that their youngest child, Abelleno D.,
was born in the Indian Territory. The other
members of the family were : William H., of this
review ; Ardelia, the widow of Green Baston, and
a resident of Oklahoma; Addison B., who resides
in Macon City, Missouri ; and Mary F., deceased.
The youngest member of the family, Abelleno D.,
is now a resident of California. From the time of
his arrival in Pike county in the early '205, John
W. Lewis was a farmer in Pleasant Vale town-
ship, securing a wild -tract of land, which he trans-
formed into richly cultivated fields, carefully con-
ducting his farming interests in accordance with
the most progressive methods of his day. In poli-
tics he was a democrat, and his first presidential
ballot was cast for Andrew Jackson. For some
time he served as constable in this county, and in
all matters of citizenship he manifested a public
spirit and devotion to the general good which
was above question. His death occurred in this
county when he was sixty-four years of age, while
his wife passed away in 1855, at the age of thirty-
six years. Her brother, Hiram, carried the mail
from Quincy to Atlas when there was only one
house on all that road. Mrs. Frances (Smith)
Ward, the maternal grandmother of our subject,
came to Pike county with the Ross family in
1817. She was born in Saratoga county, New
York, in 1796, and died when ninety-six years of
age. Her father came to this county in 1816. It
will thus be seen that Mr. Lewis is descended
from early and worthy pioneer residents of this
part of the state, and the representatives of the
family have taken an active and helpful part in
the development of a frontier region.
26

In the primitive log schoolhouse of early days
William H. Lewis pursued his education, but his
privileges in that direction were very meagre, as it
was necessary that he provide for his own sup-
port from early youth. He was a lad of but twelve
years when he began working out by the month
as a farm hand. Later he learned the blacksmith's
trade, which he followed for a time, and then re-
sumed agricultural pursuits. He purchased his
present farm in 1883 and is now the owner of two
hundred acres of very rich land, of which one
hundred and forty acres are under cultivation.
His home is pleasantly and conveniently located
about a mile north of New Canton, and here he
carries on general agricultural pursuits and stock-
raising. The farm is well improved with good
buildings, is well fenced and is equipped with
modern accessories, and the latest improved farm
machinery. He is practical in all that he does and
systematic in -his., work, and moreover, his busi-
ness integ-rk}' stands as an unquestioned fact in
his life record'. r:..m

On the I4th of February, 1858, Mr. Lewis was
united in marriage to Miss Lucinda Card, who
was born two miles southwest of Barry, February
28, 1842, her parents being Cyrenius and Nancy
(Kidwell) Card. Both were natives of Ohio, and
at an early day they came to Pike county, settling
in Barry township, where the father, who was a
farmer by occupation, owned and improved two
hundred and forty acres of land, being recognized
as one of the leading agriculturists of his com-
munity. In his family were twelve children : Dan-
iel, deceased; Charles, who is living in Pleasant
Vale township; Mrs. Lewis; Jasper and Martha,
both deceased; Mary, a twin sister of Martha,
and now a resident of New London, Missouri;
Joel, who is living near Mexico, Missouri ; Pau-
lina, deceased; Paulina, the second of the name,
now residing in Nebraska ; Jane, who has passed
away ; Henry, living in Pleasant Vale township ;
and Nancy, who has departed this life. The fa-
ther died June 24, 1875, and the mother's death
occurred on the 28th of January, 1861. Mr. and
Mrs. Lewis have lost their only child, Alice, who
was born March 8, 1860, and died in August,
1865.

Mr. Lewis manifested his loyalty to his coun-

522

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

try in the darkest hour of her history, for, in re-
sponse to the call for troops to aid in the suppres-
sion of the rebellion in the south, he enlisted in
1862 as a member of Company C, Ninety-ninth
Illinois Infantry. After serving for one year,
however, he was discharged at Vicksburg on ac-
count of physicial disability on the nth of June,
1863. He held membership in the Amos Moore
post, No. 684, G. A. R., of New Canton. In his
political views he was a republican, and for many
years he served as school director, and has also
been road commissioner. His life exemplifies the
term, "dignity of labor." Starting out upon his
own account when only twelve years of age, he
has worked diligently and persistently year after
year. There have been discouragements and ob-
stacles in his path, but as he has overcome these
• by his determination and energy and by the care-
ful husbanding of his resources he was at length
enabled to purchase land for himself and began
farming on his own account. As the years have
gone by he has prospered and is to-day one of the
substantial agriculturists of his community who
has gained not only a good farm property but also
an honorable name.

CHARLES M. INGALLS.

Charles M. Ingalls, who since the 5th of March,
1901. has occupied the farm in New Salem town-
ship which he now owns and operates, being very
extensively engaged in general agricultural pur-
suits and stock-raising, making a specialty of
Cotswold sheep, was born in Perry township
on the 20th of December, 1851, and was edu-
cated in the Dexter school near his father's home.
His parents were William M. and Rebecca (El-
ledge) Ingalls, and are represented on another
page of this work in connection with the sketch of
D. W. Ingalls, a brother of our subject.

No event of special importance occurred to
vary the routine of farm life for Charles M.
Ingalls in his boyhood days, for when not occu-
pied with the duties of the schoolroom he was
busy in the fields and thus gained a practical
knowledge of the best method of farming. He

continued in active work upon the old farm
homestead until twenty-three years of age and
then started out in life on his own account. The
occupation to which he was reared he chose as
a life work and after carrying on farming for three
years he turned his attention to the butchering
business, opening a meat market in Perry, where
he conducted his trade for two years. He then
returned to farming in Perry township, where he
continued until 1883 and in the fall of that year
he went to Hall county, Nebraska, where he pur-
chased eighty acres of wild prairie land. Not a
furrow had been turned or an improvement made
upon the farm, but he commenced its cultivation
and continued its improvement until the fall of
1890. In the autumn of 1884 he built a good
house upon his farm and there lived for six years,
during which time he placed his fields under a
high state of cultivation and added many of the
equipments and accessories of a model farm. In
the year mentioned, however, he sold his property
there and bought a quarter section of land in
the same county. That tract was also wild and
uncultivated and in the fall of 1891 he built
another dwelling which he continued to occupy
until the autumn of 1895. He then rented his
land in Nebraska and returned to Perry, Pike
county, Illinois, living in the town for a year.
He then resumed farming, in which he continued
for four years, when, having disposed of his
property in Nebraska in February, 1900, he once
more took up his abode in Perry, but in June
of the same year he bought the farm upon which
he now lives and located thereon on the 5th of
March, 1901. Here he carries on general agri-
cultural pursuits and also devotes considerable
attention to stock-raising, having good grades
of cattle, horses and hogs upon his place and in
the year 1905 he added a fine drove of Cotswold
sheep.

On the 1 3th of February, 1879, Mr. Ingalls was
married to Miss Anna R. Parks, who was born
May 8, 1853, in New Salem township and is a
daughter of Jesse and Mary Jane (Cochran) Parks.
Her father, who was born in Clermont county.
Ohio, in October, 1822, died at the age of fifty-
two years. Her mother, whose birth occurred
in Belmont county, Ohio, January 27, 1827, is

MRS. FRANCES SMITH WARD

CAME TO PIKE COUNTY IN 1817

MISS ALICE LEWIS

DIED, AGE FIVE YEARS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

525

still living. This worthy couple were married in
Griggsville, Illinois, on the 7th of June, 1848,
and they became the parents of eight children,
all of whom yet survive, namely : Josephine, who
was born March 24, 1849, and is the wife of
Eli Morgan, a resident of Carthage, Missouri ;
Anna R., now Mrs. Ingalls; William, who was
born May 17, 1855, and married Rosa Johnson,
their home being in Canada ; Elizabeth E., who
was born September 10, 1857, and is the wife of
Edward McGee, of Oklahoma; Stephen D., who
was born March 13, 1860, and married Carrie
Nickles, their home being in Barry; Emma E.,
born February 19, 1873; U. Franklin, of Mis-
souri, who was born April n, 1865, and married
Anna Barnhart ; and John R., who was born
August 23, 1868, and wedded Emma White.
They reside in Lincoln, Illinois.

It was in the year 1848 that Mr. Parks, father
of Mrs. Ingalls, began farming in Griggsville
township, which pursuit he continued until 1861
with a fair degree of success. The following year
in response to the first call for three months'
troops to aid in the suppression of the rebellion
in the south, he enlisted in defense of the Union
cause, becoming a member of Company F, Nine-
ty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He served
until the close of the war and his health was
impaired by the hardships and exposure meted
out to the soldier. Following his return there-
fore he did not resume farming, but served as
marshal of the village of Perry for four years,
and his last days were passed in Quincy, Illinois.
He voted with the republican party, having firm
faith in the ultimate triumph of its principles
and he held membership in Perry lodge. I. O.
O. F. and in the Christian church.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Ingalls have been born
four children: Walter R.. born March 9, 1880,
married Nellie Herbster and is living in Mount
Sterling; Daisy L., born October 13, 1882, is the
wife of Frank J. Stoner, a resident of Perry;
Nina C, born April 18, 1883, died September 2,
1900; Mary E. born June 26, 1886, is the wife
of Webber Hill.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Ingalls are members of the
Pike County Mutual Insurance Company and he
belongs to the Knights of Pythias fraternity, his

membership being in Percival lodge, No. 428,
at Perry. Since age gave him the right of fran-
chise he has been a stalwart republican, always
voting for the men who are pledged to support
the principles of the party, yet never seeking
or desiring office for himself. He has led a busy
and useful life characterized by unfaltering dili-
gence and his labors have been of a character that
bring success . He is well known in the county
where much of his life has been passed and is
best liked wherever best known.

SYLVESTER W. THOMPSON.

Sylvester W. Thompson, who followed farm-
ing in Pike county but is now deceased, was born
in Greene county, Illinois, September 29, 1846,
his parents being William and Mary Ann
(Brooks) Thopipson. The father came with his
family -tQ, Pike-^ouflty in 1849, settling in Milton,
where they lived .for fifteen years, on the expira-
tion of which perfoft"J'M1c. and Mrs. William
Thompson removed to Kansas, spending their
remaining days there. The father was a contrac-
tor and builder, and throughout his life followed
building operations.

Sylvester W. Thompson was educated at Mil-
ton, and after attaining his majority began farm-
ing on his own account. He was reared to that
occupation, early becoming familiar with the best
methods of tilling the soil, caring for the crops
and raising stock. After starting out in life upon
an independent business career he rented land
for a time and then purchased one hundred and
sixty acres in Kansas. He later bought a quar-
ter section additional, which his wife now owns.
It was wild land ; and in addition to this he owned
two lots in Arkansas City, Kansas, which are now
in possession of his widow.

In 1874 Mr. Thompson was united in marriage
to Miss Lottie Allen, a native of Detroit township.
Pike county, born February 23, 1853. She was
a daughter of Francis and Sarah (Burlend) Al-
len. Her father was born in Ireland in 1829,
and came to America when twenty-one years of
age, settling in Detroit township, Pike county.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The mother was born in England in 1828, and
crossed the Atlantic with her parents, the family
home being established in Detroit township in
1831, so that Mrs. Thompson is descended from
two of the worthy pioneer families of this part
of the state. Her grandfather was John Allen,
an honored early settler, who purchased four hun-
dred acres of land near Bethel. It was wild and
unimproved, and was largely covered with heavy
timber, but he at once began to clear away the
trees, letting in the sunlight upon fields which
he plowed and planted, and which in course of
time became very productive. In the midst of the
forest he built a log cabin, which was later de-
stroyed by fire, and was then replaced by another
log house. Pioneer conditions existed on every
hand. Herds of wild deer were frequently seen,
and the wolves were so numerous that he had to
shut his sheep and hogs into pens in order to
keep them from the ravages of the wild animals.
He carried on farming on quite an extensive scale
for those days, and became one of the prosperous
and prominent agriculturists of his community.
He aided, too, in the early pioneer development
of this part of the state, and his efforts were of
value in bringing about modern conditions of
improvement and progress. In his family were
eight children. He died in Detroit township at
the venerable age of eighty-eight years, while
his wife passed away at the advanced age of sev-
enty-eight years.

Francis Allen, father of Mrs. Thompson, spent
the entire period of his manhood in Pike county,
and engaged in farming in Detroit township,
where he owned and operated two hundred and
forty acres of land. He was a democrat in his
political views ; and he and his wife were members
of the Methodist church. They were people of
genuine personal worth, esteemed for their many
good qualities, for he was reliable in business
transactions, progressive in citizenship and loyal
to the ties of home and friendship.

Mrs. Thompson was educated in the common
schools of Pike county, and by her marriage be-
came the mother of one son, Jesse Thompson,
who was born March 12, 1881. After mastering
the elementary branches of learning he continued
his studies in the high school of Pittsfield and in

Illinois College at Jacksonville from which he
was graduated in 1902 as a member of a class of
twenty-one. He was thus well equipped for life's
practical and responsible duties ; and he is now
operating the home farm, carrying on general
agricultural pursuits and stock-raising. The farm
is pleasantly located and comprises a tract of rich
and productive land of eighty-six and a half
acres on section 35, Pittsfield township. It is
only about a mile and three-quarters south of
Pittsfield, and is very advantageously located.
They also 'own twenty acres of land in Martins-
burg township, and all of this property was left
to Mrs. Thompson by her mother. Mr. Thomp-
son was a member of the Modern Woodmen camp
of Pittsfield and at his death left to his widow an
insurance of two thousand dollars. He was en-
ergetic and enterprising in his business affairs,
and at all times was strictly straightforward in his
dealings, so that he won not only a gratifying
measure of success but also a good name, thus
leaving to his family a priceless heritage, for as
the Psalmist has said, "A good name is rather to-
be chosen than great riches." He passed away
April 18, 1894. Mrs. Thompson attends the
Methodist church; and she and her son still re-
side upon the homestead farm. They have a wide
and favorable acquaintance in the county ; and
Mrs. Thompson is one of the native daughters,
having spent her entire life here. She repre-
sents two of the prominent pioneer families of this
section of the state who in the early days were
closely associated with early development and
progress.

JOHN R. WALKER.

John R. Walker, well known as a breeder and
raiser of fine sheep, was born in Griggsville town-
ship, Pike county, in January, 1847, anc' is of
English lineage. His father, Robert Walker,
was born in England, and came alone from that
country to America, when seventeen years of age,
crossing the Atlantic in a sailing vessel, which
dropped anchor in the harbor of New Orleans.
He remained for ten years in the Crescent city
and vicinity, rafting logs from up the river down

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

527

to New Orleans and employing a number of
negroes, whom he secured by buying their serv-
ices from their masters. When a decade had
passed he removed to Pike county, Illinois, and
entered one hundred and sixty acres of land from
the government northeast of Griggsville. Here
he built a home and sent for his married sister,
Mrs. Wilson, to join him. Beginning at once the
work of developing and improving his property,
he broke the wild prairie and cultivated his land.
Later he sold the property to his sister and en-
tered one hundred and sixty acres adjoining his
original claim on the north. This was also wild
and unimproved. He erected thereon another
residence ; and he built the first barn with a cellar
in the community. As a companion and help-
mate for life's journey he chose a Miss Wade,
and they became the parents of three children:
Thomas, Elizabeth and Rebecca, all of whom are
yet living. After a time he sold his second farm
vand bought two hundred acres of land south of
Perry, on which a part of the village of Perry
now stands, and after selling that property to
William Ward he bought one hundred and forty-
five acres of prairie land and eighty acres of tim-
ber land. He owned at one time seven hundred
and twenty acres of land ; and he was extensively
engaged in breeding and raising hogs and horses,
being a lover of fine animals. He retired from
the farm in 1855, when he removed to Perry,
where he spent his last years in honorable re-
tirement from further labor. He never sought
or desired public office, but was a stanch repub-
lican and a liberal and earnset supporter of the
party. He cut from his land a Lincoln flagstaff
and assisted in raising it in Perry. In 1857 he
joined the Christian church, of which he contin-
ued a loyal member up to the time of his demise,
which occurred in 1861, when he was in the six-
ty-sixth year of his age. His wife, who bore the
maiden name of Hannah Scott, was born in Ten-
nessee, and died in 1874, in the sixty-fifth year of
her age. They were married in Griggsville town-
ship ; and in their family were six children, of
whom two are living, John and James.

The brothers were educated in the public
schools ; and when nineteen years of age, John
R. Walker and his brother James began farming

for themselves on one hundred and eighty acres
of land. They continued in business together
until 1873, when they dissolved partnership, each
taking one hundred and sixty acres of land. Upon
this tract John R. Walker has since carried on
general agricultural pursuits, and in addition to
his farm in Fairmount township he has one hun-
dred and forty acres in Perry township. He and
his brother brought to Pike county the first
polled Angus cattle, and also engaged quite ex-
tensively in breeding fine horses. Mr. Walker
of this review sent to England for four Oxford
Down sheep, and has since made a specialty of
breeding, raising and selling registered sheep.
He has also displayed his sheep at different fairs,
where he has won a number of prizes ; and he is
one of the stockholders of the Illinois Valley Fair
Association. He is an excellent judge of fine
stock, his judgment rarely, if ever, being at fault
in determining the value of an animal ; and
through his stock-raising interests he has done
much to improve the grade of cattle, sheep and
horses raised in this part of the state, thereby
contributing to the general prosperity.

On the 2ist of November, 1869, Mr. Walker
was married to Miss Mary F. Barlow, who was
born May n, 1848, a daughter of Frank B. and
Elizabeth (Walker) Barlow, both natives of
Robinson county, Kentucky. They were mar-
ried there, and with two children they came to
Illinois, settling first near Farmington in Fulton
county in 1847. There Mr. Barlow carried on
general farming until 1860, when he removed
to Pike county, settling near Fish Hook, where
he carried on general agricultural pursuits up to
the time of his death. He passed away Novem-
ber 26, 1862, and his wife died September 28,
1860. They were the parents of seven children,
of whom five are now living:. Mrs. Martha J.
Greenleaf, Mrs. Walker, Tabitha E., James A.
and Margaret.

Mr. and Mrs. Walker have four children : Nel-
lie F., who was born September 16, 1870, and is
the wife of Alec Chenoweth ; Robert L., who was
born August i. 1872; Ila M., who was born April
5, 1875. and was married February 5, 1893, to
Harvey Withain, her death occurring November
ii. 1898; and Charles A., born May 26, 1884.

528

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Mr. Walker has served as supervisor of Fair-
mount township for two terms, and was road
commissioner for fifteen years, while his son Rob-
ert has become his successor in that office. The
father was also township treasurer for four years,
and the son is now filling that position at the
present time. Mr. Walker belongs to Perry lodge,
No. 95, A. F. & A. M., having been identified
with the craft since attaining his majority. He
also belongs to Periy chapter, No. 165, R. A. M.,
and has been president of the Anti-Horse Thief
Association. He always votes with the repub-
lican party; and he and his family are members
of the Christian church. In matters of citizen-
ship he is deeply interested, and any movement
or plan for the public good receives his endorse-
ment and co-operation. His business interests
have been capably managed and his keen sagacity
and unfaltering diligence have been resultant fac-
tors in winning for him the confidence which he
now enjoys.

EDWIN W. BRISCOE.

Edwin W. Briscoe, of Pleasant Hill, is a
veteran of the great Civil war, in which he val-
iantly fought for the old flag of the Union. He is
a native son of Pike county, his birth having
occurred in Martinsburg township, January 31,
1843. His father, Edward Briscoe, was a native
of Kentucky, born in 1810. He came to Illinois
when a young man in 1828, and was married in
McDonough county to Miss Nancy Ann Hardin,
a native of Kentucky. Later he became a resi-
dent of Pike county, following the occupation of
farming in Martinsburg township, where he
reared his family and spent his last years, passing
away on the 27th of August, 1855, when in the
prime of life. In the family were three sons and
a daughter: H. H. Briscoe, of Martinsburg; E.
W., of this review; and Tom I. Briscoe, of Colo-
rado. The daughter is Mrs. Margaret E. Ste-
ward.

Edwin W. Briscoe was reared in the county of
his nativity and remained with his mother until
twenty years of age. On the 8th of October,
1864, he responded to the country's call for

troops, enlisting as a member of Company C,
Ninety-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with
which regiment he went to the south. Not long
afterward he was taken ill and was in the hos-
pital at Memphis with measles. Later pneumonia
set in, and he came near to death, but eventually
he recovered and rejoined his regiment in April,
1865, at Mobile, Alabama, continuing -with the
command until the succeeding autumn, when he
was honorably discharged at New Orleans. He
was a faithful soldier, always found at his post
of duty save when ill in the hospital ; and he never
wavered in his allegiance to the stars and stripes.

Following his return te the north, Mr. Briscoe
engaged in work by the month as a farm hand
for several years. In 1869 he went to southwest-
ern Missouri, where he operated a farm, and in
1870 he removed to Kansas, where he followed
the same pursuit. He was married in the Sun-
flower state on the 2ist of May, 1874, to Miss
Clementine Beasley, a native of Marion county,
Illinois, and a daughter of Wesley and Rachel
Beasley, the former a native of North Carolina,
and the latter of Tennessee. Following their
marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Briscoe located in Greene
county, Missouri, where they remained for a year
and then removed to Chautauqua county, where
they resided until 1880. In that year they went
to Eureka Springs, Arkansas, for the benefit of
Mr. Briscoe's health, continuing at that point 'for
four years, after which they returned to Spring-
field, Missouri, where for six years and seven
months he was employed in the railroad shops of
the Frisco Company. On the expiration of that
period he again came to Pike county, Illinois,
settling at Pleasant Hill, where he purchased a
lot and built a residence.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Briscoe have been born
three children : Maude, who is a proficient nurse
and resides in St. Louis, Missouri ; Daisy, the
wife of William Cragmiles, of Pleasant Hill,
by whom she has three children, Maudie, Claudie
and Lawrence. Mr. and Mrs. Briscoe also lost
a son, Claude, who died at the age of twelve
years. In his political views Mr. Briscoe is a
republican, having given stalwart support to the
party since casting his first presidential vote for
Abraham Lincoln in 1864. while on a furlough

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

529

home. He and his wife and daughters are mem-
bers of the Methodist Episcopal church; and he
belongs to the Grand Army post. He takes a
deep interest in church work, and also in the fra-
ternal organization with which he is connected
and is an esteemed representative of both. His
good qualities of heart and mind have won him
the respect of those with whom he has come in
contact, and he enjoys in large measure the warm
esteem of manv friends.

WILLIAM S. BARKLEY.

William S. Barkley, deceased, was well known
in agricultural circles in Pike county for many
years. The broad prairies of Illinois have offered
splendid opportunities to the farmer and stock-
raiser, and many fortunes have been won through
the cultivation of the soil or through pasturing
large herds upon the rich meadow lands of Illi-
nois. Mr. Barkley is among the number who
in this line of activity have won success. He
was a native of Ross county, Ohio, born on the
4th of July, 1842, and his parents were Henry
J. and Mary (Snyder) Barkley, both of whom
were natives of Ohio. The father was born in
1816 and the mother October 29, 1812. They
became residents of Pike county in 1850, at which
time their son William was but a small lad. Their
first home was about two miles north of Barry,
and later they removed to a farm two and a half
miles northeast of Barry, where they lived for
about forty years, being well known as early and
representative citizens of the community. When
four decades had passed they left Illinois and
went to Bentonville, Arkansas, where the father
lived retired until his death, which occurred Janu-
ary 27, 1892, when he was in his seventy-seventh
year. His widow survived him for about nine
years, passing away on the 7th of February, 1901.
He was a stone-cutter by trade, but after coming
to Illinois turned his attention to agricultural pur-
suits, and at the time of his death was the owner
of three hundred acres of rich and valuable land
in Pike county. While living in this county he
successfully and extensively engaged in stock-

raising, making a specialty of shorthorn Durham
cattle and Poland China hogs. Politically he was
a stanch republican ; and served as school di-
rector for many years, and was also supervisor
of his township. Both he and his wife were de-
voted members of the Baptist church. In their
family were four children, but only two are now
living : Margaret and Sarah L., the latter the
wife of Samuel Schwab, a resident of Windsor,
Missouri.

William S. Barkley was educated in the com-
mon schools, and at the age of twenty years he
enlisted for service in the Union army, becoming
a member of Company D, Ninty-iHnth Regiment
of Illinois Volunteers, on the 5th of August,
1862, to serve for three years, or during the war.
He was mustered out July 31, 1865, after active
field service, in which he took part in many im-
portant engagements that led up to the final tri-
umph of the Union arms. When the war was over
he returned to his home and gave his attention to
farming and stock-raising, — the pursuits to which
he had been reared, — so that he had a practical
knowledge of the best methods of carrying on
both branches of the business. He also dealt in
stock as a buyer and shipper, and his careful
control of his business affairs led to very gratify-
ing success.

On the loth of October, 1867, Mr. Barkley was
united in marriage to Miss Martha J. Doran,
who was born in Quincy, Illinois, March 27,

1849, and ls a daughter of James and Jane
(Moore) Doran. The father's birth occurred in
Waynesville, Ohio, March 3, 1812, and the
mother was born in Waynesville, September 10,
1815. They came to Adams county, Illinois, in
1846, settling in Quincy, where they lived for
four years, and then removed to Pike county in

1850. The father was a tanner by trade, follow-
ing that pursuit in his early life; and on coming
to Illinois, turned his attention to agricultural
interests. He lived on the Blanchard farm, now
included within the corporation limits of the city
of Quincy. At one time he owned about four
hundred acres of valuable Pike county land; and
he made many improvements upon his property,
which was a tract of prairie, arable and produc-
tive. He placed his fields under a very high state

53»

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of cultivation ; and he built upon his farm a good
residence. He made a specialty of the breeding
and raising of fancy horses, which he exhibited
at many fairs, winning various premiums on his
fine stock. His political allegiance was given
to the republican party, and for many years he
served as school director, the cause of education
finding in him a warm friend by reason of the
able work which he did for the schools. He died
upon the old homestead farm on the 3ist of May,
1863. His widow, a Baptist when she died, long
survived him, and departed this life March 28,
1903. In their family were nine children, of whom
five are now living : Milton, who married Jane
Woosley, and resides a mile and a half northeast
of Barry; Mary A., the wife of Hiram B. Sperry,
who is living in Nokomis, Illinois ; Theodore, a
resident of Barry ; James M. ; and Mrs. Barkley.
The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Barkley was
blessed with two children. Roy D., born July
24, 1868, was educated in the public schools and
in the Gem City Business College at Quincy. He
is now living upon the old homestead which was
owned by his grandfather and comprises four
dred and eighty acres of fine land. He is now
farming three hundred and thirty acres ; and he
. also engages in stock-raising, having from forty
to fifty head of cattle upon his place at the pres-
ent time. He is now, however, making arrange-
ments preparatory to removing to Scott county,
Kansas, where he owns eight hundred acres of ex-
cellent land. He has recently returned from that
farm, where he built a barn. He expects to move
to the Sunflower state in March, 1906. He was
married November 2, 1892, to Miss Allie Beadle,
who was born in Pike county, July i, 1872, and
is a daughter of William and Lucy Beadle, both
of whom are natives of Virginia. In their family
are five children : Lillian P., Isla M., Harry w',
Letha I., and Ross R. Maggie M. Barkley, the
second member of the family, was born May 23,
1872, and was married May 13, 1900, to Frank
M. Beard. They reside four miles north of
Barry.

In politics Mr. Barkley was an earnest repub-
lican, and took a deep and active interest in the
work of his party. He served as justice of the
peace and assessor, and was a member of the

school board for twenty years or more. He be-
longed to Hope lodge, No. 55, A. O. U. W., of
Barry, and was a member of John McTucker post.
No. 154, G. A. R., and when the Ninety-ninth
Illinois Regiment held its annual reunion in 1905
he served as president on that occasion. Not
long afterward, on the I4th of April, 1905, he
was called to his final rest, responding to the last
roll call that indicates that the warfare of life is
over. He was a member of the Baptist church;
and gave a willing hand to all public interests,
and to the assistance of his friends. His nature
was kindly and generous, and the poor and needy
never appealed to him in vain. He stood for all
that is upright and just in man's relations with his
fellowmen, and was a believer in the true, the
good and the beautiful ; and through his genial
nature and generous disposition he shed around
him much of the sunshine of life. Mrs. Barkley
now resides in Barry and is a most estimable lady,
who has an extensive circle of friends. She owns
three hundred and thirty acres of land in Hadley
township.

JUDGE N. B. WILLIAMS.

Judge N. B. Williams, who died on the 9th
of February, 1896. was one of the prominent
business men and merchants of Pike county.
having for more than forty years been actively
connected with commercial interests of Pleasant
Hill. He settled there at an early day and con-
tributed in large measure to general progress
and prosperity in his home locality. He was
born in North Carolina on the I2th of August.
1832. His father was Harvey Williams, who re-
moved to Tennessee with the family, and it was
there that N. B. Williams was reared. In 1851
he became a resident of Missouri, settling in
Newton county, and on the I3th of June of that
year he was married there to Miss Seeney Rich-
ards, who was born in North Carolina, but was
reared in Tennessee. Her father, Valentine
Richards, was a native of the former state and,
having arrived at vears of maturity, was mar-
ried there to Elizabeth Clifford, who was born
in North Carolina, where her girlhood days were

N. B. WILLIAMS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

533

passed. They remained residents of that state
until after the birth of four or five of their chil-
dren, at which time they removed to Missouri.
settling in Newton county, where they remained
for six years, and then went to Clarksville, Pike
county, Missouri, where Mr. Richards contin-
ued to reside up to the time of his death, which
occurred during the period of the Civil war. He
had survived his wife for several years. They
were the parents of eleven children, of whom
four sons and two daughters reached adult age.
but the only ones now living are Mrs. Williams
and her brother, Samuel V. Richards, who is now
living a retired life in Quincy, Illinois.

Following his marriage Judge Williams
worked at the cabinetmaker's and carpenter's
trades, being thus engaged for some years. In
1860 he came to Pleasant Hill, where he began
blacksmithing, carrying on a shop for a few
years, while subsequently he engaged in the
hardware and undertaking business. He then
conducted his store up to the time of his death,
carrying a well selected line of goods and enjoy-
ing, a liberal patronage. He was strictly honor-
able in all his business dealings and his methods
were such as might well serve as a source of
emulation, leading both to success and the ac-
quirement of an honored name. He never made
engagements that he did not meet nor incurred
obligations that he did not fulfill, and he thus
commanded the unqualified confidence of all
with whom he was associated. He built a busi-
ness house and also several residences in Pleas-
ant Hill and thus contributed to the improve-
ment of this village as well as to the promotion
of its commercial activity.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Williams held member-
ship in the Methodist Episcopal church and he
served in several church offices, but he would
hold no positions of political preferment, giving
his time and attention to his business affairs, the
enjoyment of his home and to his church duties.
He was well known in both Pike and Calhoun
counties and his many sterling traits of charac-
ter endeared him to those with whom he was as-
sociated. His connection with business affairs
in Pleasant Hill covered a long period and
throughout the entire time he sustained an unas-

sailable reputation. Men admired him because
of his success, respected him because of his fidel-
ity to duty and gave him their friendship because
of his ' kindly genial nature and freedom from
ostentation or display. Mrs. Williams still sur-
vives her husband and resides at the old home-
stead, being now a well preserved lady of sev-
enty-two years. She is well known and has a
host of warm friends in Pleasant Hill.

SAMUEL B. PEACOCK, M. D.

Samuel B. Peacock, physician and surgeon of
Baylis, whose skill and ability have gained him
more than local reputation, having become quite
well known through his contributions to medical
journals, was born in Adams county, Illinois,
April 14, 1866, and is a son of S. J. and Elizabeth
A. (France) Peacock. The father was born in
Davidson cpunty, North Carolina, in 1827, and
the mother's birth 'occurred in New Wheeling,
Virginia, in 1832. It was 'in 'the year 1851 that
S. J. Peacock became a resident of Brown county,
Illinois, whence he afterward removed to Adams
county, where he has since lived. He is a farmer,
owning and operating one hundred and' sixty
acres of land which constitutes a well improved
and highly cultivated property. His political al-
legiance is given to the democracy and for twenty-
four years he was justice of the peace, his long-
continued service indicating that his decisions
were strictly fair and impartial. He held various
other offices, such as assessor and collector and as a
private citizen he has done valuable service for
the community in the line of general progress.
His wife is a member of the Methodist church.
In their family were ten children, of whom seven
are now living. Dr. Peacock, like the other mem-
bers of the household, attended the common
schools in his boyhood days and he prepared for
the practice of medicine as a student in Keokuk
Medical- College, at Keokuk, Iowa, from which
he was graduated at the age of twenty-nine years,
on the 3d of March, 1896, as a member of a
class of forty-eight. He practiced medicine for
two years with Dr. R. J. McConnell and in 1898

534

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

pursued a post-graduate course in Chicago on
surgery and the diseases of women. In 1902 he
again went to Chicago, where he pursued a gen-
eral course called the special course of practice.
His attention is now given to his professional
duties and he practices along modern scientific
lines. He is a close and earnest student and is
quick to adopt new and modern methods, not,
however, supplanting the old and time-tried meth-
ods of practice but supplementing them instead.
He is well known as a contributor to several med-
ical journals.

On the 8th of July, 1903, Dr. Peacock was
married to Miss Frances Miller, who was born in
Baylis, April 7, 1877, and is a daughter of David
and Elizabeth (Carnes) Miller. Her father was
born in Pike county, Illinois, in 1839, and was a
son of Thomas and Nancy Miller, early settlers
of Pike county, having come to Illinois from
Pennsylvania in pioneer days. In. 1863 Mr. Mil-
ler wedded Elizabeth Carnes, who was born in
1846. He is a member of the Methodist Episco-
pal church, while his wife is a member of the
United Brethren church. In their family are three
children who yet survive.

Dr. Peacock is a democrat and was elected su-
pervisor of New Salem township in April, 1904
so that he is the present incumbent in the office.
He belongs to Baylis lodge, No. 834, I. O. O. F. ;
to New Salem lodge, No. 218, A. F. & A. M.:
the Modern Woodmen camp ; the Pike County
Mutual Association, and the Mutual Protective
League. He keeps six horses and vehicles in
order that he may at any time respond quickly to
the call of those in need of professional service
and he is recognized as one of the prominent
young men as well as successful practitioners o^
Pike county.

JOSHUA T. INGRAM.

Joshua T. Ingram, a representative farmer of
Perry township, was born May 25, 1849, 'n tne
township where he now makes his home, and is
a son of Isom L. and Perlina (Rusk) Ingram, na-
tives of Tennessee and Illinois respectively. The
father was born June 12, 1822, and the mother

June 15, 1825; and they were married in Ver-
sailks, this state. The paternel grandparents
were Joshua P. and Susanna (Lenox) Ingrain,
and the family is believed to be of Scotch-Irish
lineage. The great-grandfather, John Ingram,
was born in Ireland, and in his early childhood
accompanied his parents on their emigration to
Tennessee, where he was reared. He wedded
Rachel Blanton, who was of Irish parentage, and'
her birth probably occurred on the Emerald Isle.
In 1833 John Ingram came with his family to
Pike county and secured government land. He
afterward improved two or three farms and be-
came recognized as one of the leading and en-
terprising agriculturists of his day. He lived
to an advanced age, gave his political support
to the democracy; and both he and his wife en-
dorsed the Methodist faith. Their family num-
bered seven sons, who reached adult age and
reared families in Illinois. This number included
Joshua P. Ingram, grandfather of our subject,
who was born in Tennessee, January 26, 1802. He
married Susanna Lenox, whose birth occurred in
Tennessee, November 7, 1800, and who died De-
cember 7, 1858. The marriage was celebrated
April 13, 1821, and they had one son, Isom L.
Following the death of his first wife, Joshua P.
Ingram was married to Marinda Nunn, whose
death occurred January 15, 1879, while he passed
away on the 3ist of March of the same year.
Their only daughter is deceased.

Isom L. Ingram came to Illinois with his par-
ents when eleven years of age, the journey being-
made after the primitive manner of the times, in
a two-wheeled cart drawn by a yoke of oxen with
a horse in the lead. The grandparents brought
with them all of their earthly possessions and be-
gan life in an almost unbroken wilderness, shar-
ing in various hardships and privations incident
to the settlement of the frontier. Isom L. Ingram
being an only son, inherited the home property,
upon which he remained throughout the greater
part of his life with the exception of a brief
period of three years spent in Brown county. His
original home in Pike county was a log cabin ;
and he assisted in the arduous task of clearing
away the timber and developing the fields. He
also attended the early subscription schools of the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

county, and after his marriage he began farming
on his own account on forty acres of land in
Brown county, which he purchased, and on which
he built a log cabin. Later, however, he returned
to section 2, Perry township, whereon he spent
his remaining days, devoting his energies to
general farming and to raising graded cattle,
hogs and horses. He also worked at the cooper's
trade for a number of years, having mastered
that business when a boy, under the direction of
Buck Johns. He likewise followed carpentering
to some extent and built the house in which his
last years were passed. He served as road com-
missioner, as school director and as trustee, oc-
cupying the last named position for many years.
The marriage of Isom L. Ingram and Perlina
Rusk was celebrated October 25, 1843. She was
one of a family of five sons and five daughters
born unto John and Nancy (Swegett) Rusk, who
were natives of Kentucky, and subsequent to their
marriage, which occurred in that state, they came
to Illinois in 1820, settling in Morgan county.
For twenty years they resided there, and then
took up their abode on a farm in Brown county,
where Mr. Rusk died October 8, 1844, at the age
of fifty-three years. His widow afterward lived
with her children, and died at the home of her
daughter, Mrs. Ingram, in 1866, when more than
four score years of age. Like her husband, she
was an earnest member of the Methodist Episco-
pal church. Mr. and Mrs. Isom Ingram had a
family of nine children : Isaac N., born January
28, 1845, married Ellen Ledgett. Susan, born
May 8, 1846, is the wife of James York. Joshua
T. is the next of the family. Benjamin F. born
December 22, 1850, married Henrietta Hannah.
Nancy A., born May 9, 1853, is the wife of
George Walling. Martha J., born July 23, 1855,
is the wife of Alexander Collter. Henry W.,
born June 27, 1857, follows farming. Louisa,
born April 9, 1862, died July 23, 1878. Marinda
Ella, born August 22, 1867, is the wife of Gary
Harelson.

No event of special importance occurred to
vary the routine of farm life for Joshua T. In-
gram in his boyhood days. He was reared upon
the old homestead farm in Perry township which
his grandfather had entered from the government.

When nineteen years of age he started upon an
independent business career by operating a por-
tion of the James Johns farm. In February, 1905,
he removed to his present farm in Perry town-
ship, and here he is carrying on general agricul-
tural pursuits in an energetic and successful
manner.

He has been married twice. On the 2d of No-
vember, 1868, he wedded Miss Sarah E. Ban-
ning, who was born February 12, 1848, and died
December 14, 1872. They were the parents of
four children: Stephen A. who was born Sep-
tember i, 1869, and died at the age of twenty
years, five months and eleven days ; Lizzie C. and
Lillie E., twins, born March 31, 1875, and both
are now deceased ; and Addie, who was born
July 29, 1872, and died in infancy. For his sec-
ond wife Mr. Ingram chose Rhoda Banning, a
sister of his first wife. She was born in Cham-
bersburg township, March 25,1846, and they were
married July 31, 1873. Her parents were Stephen
and Elizabeth D. (Rigg) Banning, the former
born in Ohio, May 15, 1814, and the latter in
Kentucky, November 16, 1821. Their marriage
occurred in Chambersburg township, December
19, 1838. Mr. Banning lost his parents when a
young child, and later came to Illinois. Fol-
lowing his marriage he located a mile and a half
west of Chambersburg on eighty acres of timber
land, and he and his bride carried their wedding
effects to a new log cabin. A bedstead was made
by boring holes in the logs in a corner of a room
and inserting poles into these, and resting the
other end upon posts. Mr. Banning made three
log stools for chairs and a box served for a table.
There was a big open fireplace, and the young
couple began their domestic life in the usual
manner of the pioneer settler. In 1869 they re-
moved from their original farm to Perry town-
ship, settling on one hundred and sixty acres of
land; and Mr. Banning improved his house, and
cultivated his farm. In early days he also worked
at coopering, but his later years were devoted
entirely to agricultural pursuits. He was for a
long period a devoted and faithful member of
the Christian church ; and his political support
was given to the democracy. He died March 8,
1888, having long survived his wife, who passed

536

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

away May 10, 1860. In their family were nine
children : Z. R., who was born September 18,
1839, died on the 2ist of December of the same
year. Martha A., born January 14, 1841, died
July 3, 1871. Nancy J., born April 24, 1843,
is the wife of T. B. Dunn, of Perry township.
Mrs, Ingram is the next of the family. Sarah
was the first wife of Mr. Ingram. Thomas L.,
born August 25, 1850, died August 8, 1851. Ara-
belle D., born May 28, 1852, died October 9,
1870. Isadore C. born September 27, 1854, died
March 20, 1857. Octavia O., born October 7,
1857, is the wife of George Piper, of Kansas, and
has four children.

Mr. Ingram exercises his franchise right in
support of the democracy. He has served as
school director for one term, but has cared for no
public office, preferring to give his undivided at-
tention to his business pursuits, in which he is
meeting with signal success. He belongs to the
Modern Woodmen camp and the Knights of
Pythias fraternity. His entire life has been passed
in this county and he has carried forward the
work which was instituted by his grandfather
and continued by his father. The name of In-
gram has been associated with the development
and agricultural progress of Pike county from
pioneer times, and has ever stood as a synonym
for integrity in business and worth in citizenship.

ISAAC N. WINANS.

Isaac N. Winans, a representative of agricul-
tural interests, was born in Pittsfield township on
the 25th of February, 1858, and was a son of
Isaac and Sarah (Webster) Winans. The fam-
ily, originally spelling the name Winans, is de-
scended from the ancient Holland nobility, trac-
ing the ancestry back to 'the sixteenth century.
Wearied by the oppressions and desirous of es-
caping religious persecutions of that age and
being of an independent and liberal character,
John Winans departed for America in 1630. In
1664, with other "associates," as pioneers were
called in those days, he bought from the Indians
the land between the Raritan and Passaic rivers

in New Jersey, a tract seventeen miles wide and
thirty-four miles long. He married Susanna
Melyn, a daughter of Cornelius Melyn, a patroon
of Staten Island. Their children were Samuel,
Johannes, Conradus, Jacob, Isaac, Elizabeth and
Johanna.

Isaac Winans was born in 1685 ar"d died in
1723. To him and his wife Hannah were born
Hannah, Phebe, Isaac, Abraham, William and
Elias.

Isaac Winans (2d), born in 1710, died in 1780,
his death being caused from cruelties while con-
fined as a prisoner in the sugar house in New
York, where he had been placed because of his
loyalty to the colonies. To him and his wife
Magdaline were born Sarah, Moses, Mathias,
Abigal, Margaret, Jane, Susanna and Elizabeth,
and of these Isaac, Moses and Mathias served in
the Colonial army during the Revolutionary war.

Moses Winans, born November 9, 1755, died
January 28, 1822. He married Ruth Wood, who
was born August 5, 1758, and died January 26,
1817. Their children were: Isaac, who was born
January 6, 1780, and died May 26, 1846; Sarah,
who was born December 7, 1781, and died May
20. 1848; Deborah, who was born May 29, 1784.
and died April 29, 1817; Magdaline, who was
born March 8, 1787, and died February 10, 1796;
Moses, who was born December 7. 1789, and
died April 30, 1823 ; Meline, who was born Oc-
tober 27, 1793, and died November 17, 1859;
Magdaline, who was born March 12, 1798, and
died March 31, 1851 ; and Jonas Wood, who was
born January 19, 1802.

.The last named, Jonas Wrood Winans, was
married December 20, 1827, to Sarah Stiles,
who was born July 23, 1806, and died Jan-
uary 8, 1858, while his death occurred Octo-
ber i, 1878. Her grandfather, Jacob Crane, was
a colonel in the Revolutionary war and his wife,
Phebe Crane, had six brothers, all of whom
served during the Revolutionary war, including
William, who attained the rank of general. Two
of the number were killed in service. The chil-
dren of Jonas and Sarah (Stiles) Winans are:
Isaac; Ebenezer. who was born May 5, 1830, and
married Margaret B. Rose, October 29, 1857;
Maline, who was born February 15, 1833, and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

537

died January 12, 1845; William Parkhurst, who
was born January 28, 1836, and was married
October 6, 1869, to Lida Moore, who died De-
cember 4, 1876, after which he was married No-
vember 20, 1879, to Christie McRac ; Sarah Jane,
who was born July 7, 1838, and on the 3Oth of
November, 1866, became the wife of Augustus
Dow, while her death occurred May 17, 1870;
Jonas Wood, who was born November n, 1840,
and married Alice E. Jones, September 13, 1876,
his death occurring September 2, 1899; Elizabeth
Magdaline, who was born June 3, 1843, an^ on
the 26th of May, 1868, became the wife of Wil-
liam A. Hubbard, who died March 21, 1895;
Mary Stiles, who was born January 23, 1846,
and on the 3ist of January, 1877, became the
wife of Dories Bates, who died August 15. 1880,
while on the 25th of February, 1896, she became
the wife of Augustus Dow.

Isaac Winans, son of Jonas W. and Sarah
(Stiles) Winans, was born October 20, 1828, in
Essex, now Union county. New Jersey, and was
married December 20, 1805, and with his father's
family came to Pike county in 1846, settling
south of Pittsfield, where Mrs. Sarah Winans
departed this life. Jonas Winans, however, sur-
vived for about twenty years. It was on the 2Oth
of December, 1851. that Isaac Winans was united
in marriage to Miss Sarah Webster, a native of
Massachusetts, and they became the parents of
eight children. The father was the owner of
about four hundred acres of valuable land in Pike
county and was numbered among its most enter-
prising, energetic and capable agriculturists, so
managing his business affairs as to win therefrom
a handsome competence. He gave his political
support to the republican party and throughout
the community was held in high esteem. In the
year iom he and his wife removed to Walla
Walla. Washington, where they now reside. In
their family were eight children, of whom six
are living, three being residents of this county.
namely : Isaac N. : William Winans, who makes
his home near Summer Hill, Illinois ; and Emma,
who is the wife of Marshall Hoskins and resides
in Derry township.

Isaac N. Winans was educated in the common
schools and thus became well equipped for teach-

ing, which profession he followed for two terms.
In the periods of vacation he had worked upon
the home farm and after 1881 he concentrated
his entire time, energies and attention to general
agricultural pursuits, operating the farm upon
which he now resides. When his labors had
brought to him sufficient capital he made pur-
chase of the place, becoming owner in 1892, and
in 1900 he further extended the boundaries of
his property by the purchase of an additional
tract of fifty-five acres. In his farm. work he is
progressive, practical and methodical. He now
owns one hundred and sixty acres of good land
and has made all of the improvements upon this
place. He has a comfortable residence, splendid
barns and sheds for. the shelter of grain, farm
machinery and stock. He raises the cereals best
adapted to soil and climate and also gives consid-
erable attention to stock-raising, having now
upon his place fifty head of cattle, seventy head
of hogs and several horses.

Mr. Winans was married in 1882 to Miss Isa-
dore Wills, of Pittsfield, who resided in the same
school district as her husband, they being play-
mates in childhood. She was born in 1861, a
daughter of Robert and Mary (Jester) Wills,
further mention of whom is made in connection
with the sketch of W. R. Wills on another page
of this work, Mr. Wills being a brother of Mrs.
Winans. Unto our subject and his wife have
been born three children : Fay, who was born in
1884 and is now aiding in the operation of the
home farm ; Ada, born in 1890; and Fred, on the
27th of December, 1893.

In his political views Mr. Winans is a republi-
can and keeps in touch with the questions and
issues which divide the two great parties. He
has served as school director of his district but
otherwise has held no office, as he does not seek
political preferment as a reward for party fealty.
He is a member of the Masonic lodge, No. 453.
of New Hartford, having attained the Master
degree, and he also belongs to the Modern Wood-
men camp. No. 532, of Pittsfield. He is in hearty
sympathy with the teachings and tenets of these
organizations, and he and his wife are devoted
members of the Christian church. Mr. Winans
is truly a self-made man, having made every cent

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

which he possesses, and his life record proves
what may be accomplished through determined
and earnest effort. He has worked persistently
and diligently as the years have gone by and his
labors have made him one of the substantial resi-
dents of Pittsfield township. Moreover his busi-
ness methods are such as neither seek nor require
disguise, for he has been straightforward in all
his dealings, purposeful and reliable, and is now
one of the prominent and valued farmers of the
county.

BELA S. WRIGHT.

Bela S. Wright, a farmer residing in Hadley
township, was born in Barry township, Pike
county, on the 2ist of March, 1847, his parents
being Abiah and Catherine (Fisher) Wright.
The father, who was born November i, 1809,
came to Pike county, Illinois, from Ohio about
1846 and located in Barry township. He made
the journey in the primitive manner of the times,
driving overland with a team. He was a stone
mason by trade and followed that pursuit in this,
locality, while his sons attended to the active
work of the farm, for when his earnings had
brought him sufficient capital he made investment
in real estate. For a time he leased land but as
soon as possible made purchase of his farm. In
politics he was a whig in his early political alle-
giance and on the dissolution of the party he
joined the ranks of the new republican party.
In early manhood he wedded Miss Catherine
Fisher, who was indeed a faithful companion
and helpmate on life's journey. Both were de-
voted members of the United Brethren church.
Mr. Wright lived to the advanced age of seventy-
five years, passing away on the I3th of March,
1884, while his wife, who was born in Ohio,
March 24, 1813, died December 30, 1896. at the
ripe old age of eighty-three years. In their fam-
ily were ten children : Joe and Robert, both de-
ceased ; James, who is now living in Pittsburg,
Kansas; Bela S., of this review; John and Alex-
ander, residents of Kansas; Edwin and Eliza
Jane, both deceased; Barbara, who is the widow
of Ed Bowers and lives in Barrv ; and Marv,

who has also passed away. Three of the sons
were soldiers of the Civil War, James of Company
F, One Hundred and Thirty-seventh ' Illinois
Volunteers, while Rob served in the Tenth Illi-
nois Cavalry and Joe as a member of the Ninety-
ninth Illinois Regiment. The last named died
while defending the Union cause.

Bela S. Wright was educated in the public
schools of Pike county and remained at home un-
til twenty-one years of age, assisting in the labors
of the farm from the time of early spring plant-
ing until crops were harvested in the late au-
tumn. On attaining his majority he went to
Kansas, where he farmed with his brother-in-
law for a time, while later he began working by
the month as a farm hand. He was thus em-
ployed for a year and a half, after which he went
to the Indian Territory, where he spent one year.
On the expiration of that period he returned
home and soon afterward purchased seventy
acres of land near his father's farm, but event-
ually he sold that property in 1892 and bought
one hundred and forty-seven acres where he now
resides, the place being pleasantly and conve-
niently located about a mile and a half east of
Barry in Hadley township. . Here he carries on
general agricultural pursuits and stock-raising.
His farm is well improved and fenced and the
buildings are in good repair.

On the isth of September, 1878, Mr. Wright
was united in marriage to Miss Mary Jane Met-
calf, who was born in Barry township, March
21, 1847. She was reared in the same neighbor-
hood as her husband and they were school-mates
in early life. Her parents were Chauncey A.
and Sarah M. (Leggett) Metcalf. The father
was born in New Hampshire, August 18, 1813,
and the mother's birth occurred in Ohio, March
9, 1818. In 1837 he came to Pike county and
for many years lived in Barry, where he followed
the wagonmaker's trade, conducting for a long
period a shop of his own. In November, 1838.
Sarah M. Leggett arrived in Pike county and
they were married on the 3ist of March, 1842.
In 1857 they removed to a farm, Mr. Metcalf be-
coming the owner of one hundred and two acres
of land, which he tilled and cultivated, bringing
it up to a high state of productiveness. In the

PAST AXI) I'KF.SKXT ( )!• PIKE COUNTY.

539

family of this worthy couple were eight children,
of whom the following reached years of matu-
rity and are now living, namely : Mrs. Rose
Smith, who resides in Polk county, Arkansas;
Mary Jane ; Bela S. ; Mrs. Zoa Coleman, who
resides at Oceanside, California ; Mrs. Sadie Hoi-
man, living at Riverside, California ; and George
W. Metcalf, whose home is in Barry township.
The father died May 15, 1898, and the mother's
death occurred on the i7th of August, 1883.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Wright have been born
four children, of whom two are now living.
Sarah E., born August 28, 1879, became the wife
of William Glecker and died November 19, 1903,
leaving one child, Jennie E., who was born in
San Juan county, New Mexico, August 26, 1903,
and is now being reared by her grandparents.
Chauncey A., born March 16, 1882, and now liv-
ing near his father, married Orpha Dunham and
they have one child, Dallas. Lester A., born
March i, 1885, died December 26, 1904. George
A., born December 3, 1887, is living at home.
The parents are members of the Methodist
church at Barry and Mr. Wright has been
connected with the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows for many years. He and his wife are
social genial people, whose friendly spirit is man-
ifest in their generous hospitality. Mr. Wright
has never joined in any wild search for wealth,
but is now comfortably situated, content to pro-
vide his family with a good living and have leis-
ure time for the enjoyment of some of the pleas-
ures of life.

WILLIAM H. GARRISON. M. D., Ph. G.

The name of Garrison has long been found
on the roll of the representatives of the medical
fraternity in Pike county, and in the practice of
his chosen profession Dr. Garrison of this re-
view has made an excellent reputation that has
been the means of securing to him a liberal pat-
ronage. He was born January 23, 1869, in Har-
din township. Pike county, a son of Dr. George
P.. and Sarah (Cox) Garrison. The father is
one of Pike county's pioneer physicians, but has
now retired from the active practice of medicine,

turning his business over to his son. He was born
in Dearborn county, Indiana, August 5, 1839.
Among his ancestors in both the paternal and
maternal line were soldiers of the Revolutionary
war. Dr. George B. Garrison was reared to the
occupation of farming and was educated in the
common schools. For twelve years he engaged
in teaching school in Pike county and has ever
been a warm friend of the cause of education.
While engaged in teaching he read medicine and
attended lectures at the Bennett Medical College
in Chicago, Illinois. He also attended the Amer-
ican College at St. Louis and following his grad-
uation from the college he entered at once upon
the active practice of medicine. He has resided
in the village of Pearl since 1884 and for many
years he enjoyed an extensive practice, but is
now retired. He is an active Mason and is a
prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal
church, his life having been actuated by the be-
neficent principles of the former and the teach-
ings of the latter. On the 7th of February,
1864, he was married to Miss Sarah Cox and un-
to this union were born three children, of whom
William H. of this review is the eldest. The wife
and mother died June 21, 1876, and Dr. Garri-
son afterward wedded Lucinda Forkner, by
whom he had four, children. Dr. Garrison is a
very strong temperance man and does all in his
power to uplift humanity and inculcate honor-
able principles among his fellowmen. He com-
mands the unqualified respect and trust of all
with whom he has been associated and is one of
the honored and prominent residents of Pike
county.

His son, Dr. William H. Garrison, acquired
his preliminary education in the country schools
and afterward attended the graded schools of
Pearl. At the age of seventeen years he entered
the State Normal high school at Normal, Illi-
nois, where he remained as a student for two
years. He then engaged in teaching for one
year in Montezuma township, but prior to that
time he had assisted Dr. C. E. Thurmon, who
was conducting a drug store in Pearl. In 1890
he entered the Chicago College of Pharmacy, in
which he completed a course, after which he
returned to Pearl and bought the drug business

540

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of Dr. Thurmon. In 1891 he again went to Chi-
cago, where he completed his course in phar-
macy in the Chicago College of Pharmacy, from
which he was graduated with the class of 1891.
During his senior year in college he served as
assistant to the chair of pharmacy and also spent
his evenings as a clerk in a Chicago drug store,
the salary received from these two positions en-
abling him to meet the expenses of his collegiate
course. Following his graduation he returned
to Pearl and continued in the drug business
until 1894, when he entered the Marion Sims
Medical College at St. Louis, Missouri, where
he pursued a course of lectures. He next en-
tered the Missouri Medical College, now the de-
partment of medicine of Washington University
at St. Louis, Missouri, from which he was grad-
uated with honors in the class of 1897 with the
degree of M. D. He won the first prize in chem-
istry, also special honors in surgery and receive^!
honorable mention for his general excellence in
all the branches of medical science. Returning
to Pearl he has since actively engaged in the
practice of his profession and he still retains an
interest in the drug store with his brother, H. D.
Garrison, this being one of the best and most
up-to-date drug stores of any in the smaller
cities of Illinois.

Dr. Garrison's practice is not confined to Pearl
and vicinity, but extends also to Calhoun, Scott
and Greene counties as well as to Pike county,
Missouri. He is continually broadening his
knowledge through research and investigation
and thus his efficiency is advanced, his labors
proving of the utmost value to his fellowmen in
checking the ravages of disease. He is local
surgeon for the Chicago & Alton Railroad and
has held the position for four years. While en-
gaged actively in pharmacy he became a member
of the State Pharmaceutical Association and was
active in all lines of its work connected with the
progress of pharmacy. He held various posi-
tions in the association up to and including that
of vice president. He is now a member of the
Pike County and the Illinois State Medical Soci-
eties and he keeps in touch with the most mod-
ern scientific investigation along the line of his
chosen life work.

On the ist of October, 1893, Dr. Garrison was
united in marriage to Miss Laura L. French, a
daughter of H. C. and Sarah (Long) French.
Her father is a native of Vermont and has re-
sided in Pike county for about forty years. He
served for four years in the Union army and,
being captured, was confined in Libby Prison
for several months. He is now a prosperous
farmer of Montezuma township. His wife was
born on the farm where they yet reside. Dr. and
Mrs. Garrison have four children : Frank Har-
old, George H., William H. and Sarah R. Fra-
ternally Dr. Garrison is connected with the Ma-
sonic lodge and with the Modern Woodmen of
America. He and his wife are both devoted
members of the Christian church and are ac-
tively associated with its work. He has been
superintendent of the Sunday-school for the past
fifteen years and has contributed in substantial
measure to ite -upbuilding and also the extension
of church influence. Like both his father and
grandfather, he has been an active worker in the
cause of temperance and had the honor of serv-
ing as a member of the first temperance board
of the village of Pearl. He maintains a high
standard of professional ethics and his position
in the public regard is not the less the result of
an irreproachable private life than of profes-
sional skill and ability.

NATHAN L. BARNES.

Nathan L. Barnes, a retired farmer and stock-
raiser residing in Baylis, Illinois, was born in
Washington county, Pennsylvania, March 15.
1833, and is a son of William and Sarah (Law-
son) Barnes. The father's birth occurred in
Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he fol-
lowed farming, owning and operating a small
tract of land. He was also a shoemaker by
trade and engaged in that pursuit to some ex-
tent. He came to Pike county, Illinois, in the
fall of 1854, making his way down the Ohio
river and up the Mississippi to Little Cincinnati,
Illinois. He brought with him his household
goods and live stock, having four tons of prop-

N. L. AND LYDIA A. BARXKS

N. L. AND MARGARET H. BARNES

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

545

erty which was thus shipped to his western
home. He located near Baylis and purchased a
farm of one hundred and twenty acres from
William Davis on section 24, New Salem town-
ship. He brought with him his wife and family
of nine children and one of his sons, William
Barnes, had come to Pike county the year pre-
vious. The father spent his remaining days here
and, having purchased some town property in
Baylis, occupied his home up to the time of his
demise. He was quite widely known as a stock-
raiser, making a specialty of cattle and horses,
and his business interests were capably conducted
and brought to him well merited success. He
died September 4, 1884, at the advanced age of
eighty-six years, three months and twenty-four
days. He had long survived his wife, who
passed away in 1868, at the age of seventy-three
years, eleven months and three days.

Nathan L. Barnes was educated in the com-
mon schools of Pennsylvania, which he attended
through the winter months. During the remain-
der of the year, however, he worked upon the
home farm, taking his place in the fields at the
time of early spring planting and continuing
there until crops were harvested in the late au-
tumn. He remained at home until his removal
to Pike county and made a hand in the fields
when fifteen years of age. Following the re-
moval to the west he entered upon an independ-
ent business career, being employed by the month
as a farm hand in this part of the state. Sub-
sequently he returned to Pennsylvania and was
married. His wife engaged in teaching school
and through their united efforts they thus made
a start in the business world. Mr. Barnes re-
ceived a dollar and a quarter per day for his serv-
ices and worked by the month for six months,
after which he began farming on his own ac-
count, desiring that his labors should more di-
rectly benefit himself. He continued the culti-
vation of rented land for three years and after-
ward removed to Harshman Prairie, where he
remained for two years. He then returned to his
former locality, where he continued for one year,
after which he purchased one hundred and sev-
enty acres of land a mile and a quarter south
of Bavlis. To this he has added until he now

owns two hundred and seventy-two acres, con-
stituting one of the valuable and productive
farms in this portion of the state. He has put
all the improvements upon his property, includ-
ing a fine residence, large and substantial out-
buildings and good fences. The fields are well
tilled and he has one of the best farms in New
Salem township. He has engaged extensively
and successfully in raising hogs and could pro-
duce in them a weight of from two hundred and'
twenty-five to two hundred and fifty pounds at
six months old. He was known as the best raiser
of hogs in the county and his business proved
very profitable.

In 1855, Mr. Barnes was united in marriage to
Miss Margaret H. Cunningham, of West Alex-
ander, Pennsylvania, and unto them have been
born four children, of whom three are now liv-
ing: Mary Jane, who is the wife of Mathew
Nichols and _ resides in this county; Lizzie, the
w^je pf Finley Ritchie, a resident of Pike county ;
and Robert .Y,, ^who married Nancy Davidson
and lives in Baylis.' "-The wife and mother died
March 3, 1863, and in 1865 Mr. Barnes was
again married, his second union being with Miss
Lydia Ann Huff, who was born in Pike county.
Illinois, and is a daughter of John Huff, one of
the early settlers of this part of the state, his
home being near Beverly. Unto Mr. Barnes by
the second marriage have been born eight chil-
dren, of whom seven are yet living, namely:
John, who married Effie McKinney and resides
in New Salem township; William C, who wed-
ded Amy Moore and resides near Barry, Illi-
nois ; Alice, who married Curtis Bowman and is
living near Barry, Illinois ; Lottie, who resides
at home ; Frank, who married Emma Palmer and
is living in North Henderson ; Sam, who married
. Lizzie Cummings and resides upon the old home-
stead farm; and Floyd, who is also at home.

Mr. Barnes favors the Presbyterian church
and he gives his political support to the prohibi-
tion party. He was formerly a republican, but
believing the temperance question to be the dom-
inant issue before the people he became a prohi-
bitionist. He has never sought or desired office
but performs his duties to the county and com-
munity as a private citizen. He has been very

546

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

successful, for he started out in life empty-
handed and has worked his way steadily upward
to success. Those who know aught of his pros-
perity know that he has been an energetic man,
diligent and careful in business and at all times
reliable and straightforward. By his capable
management and energy he has won the splen-
did competence that now enables him to live re-
tired, resting in the enjoyment of the fruits of
his former toil.

THOMAS POTTER.

Thomas Potter, who follows farming in New
Salem township, his home being about a mile east
of Baylis, was born in this township July 5, 1839.
his parents being David and Mary (Lawson)
Potter. The father, a native of Pennsylvania,
was born February 21, 1800, and the mother's
birth occurred in the same state November 17,
1799. Journeying by water to Illinois in 1833,
David Potter landed at Quincy, where he built a
frame house, making his home in Adams county
for three years. He then came to New Salem
township, Pike county, where he purchased land
that was wild and unimproved, being largely
covered with timber. He at once began to clear
and cultivate the place, however, and built a log
cabin near New Salem, in which Thomas Potter
of this review was born. Various wild animals
were frequently killed, and wild game was plenti-
ful in the neighborhood at that time, while all the
conditions of pioneer life were seen and there
was little promise of rapid development and im-
provement. Mr. Potter was the owner of two
hundred and forty acres, which he transformed
into a valuable and productive farm, his labor
being crowned with success 'as the years went by.
He was recognized as an influential and leading
citizen of the community; and he held member-
ship in the Methodist church. His death oc-
curred in 1876, while his wife passed away in
1878. They were the parents of ten children, of
whom three are living : Thomas ; Mrs. Ma-
hala Burke, of Baylis; and Frank, who resides
near the home of Thomas Potter.

Thomas Potter pursued his education in the lo-
cal schools of New Salem township, and remained
at home until twenty-one years of age. Follow-
ing the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in
the Union army in August, 1862, as a member
of Company K, Ninety-ninth Illinois Volunteer
Infantry, under Captain Isaac Cooper, with whom
he served for three years, when he was mustered
out on the I2th of August, 1865. He served in
Missouri, also in the siege of Vicksburg, and was
in every battle with his regiment. He was never
in the hospital nor has he asked for a pension. He
gave his service willingly and freely to aid his
country, did his full duty as a soldier, and when
the war was over returned to his home, rejoic-
ing that the Union had been preserved, but rot
seeking further reward for the aid which he gave
to the cause.

In the spring of 1866 Mr. Potter was united
in marriage to Rachel Ann Jeffers, who was born
in New Salem township, and is a daughter to
Elijah and Hannah (Pine) Jeffers, who came
from Ohio to Illinois, settling in Pike county in
1837, among its poineer residents. The family
home was established in New Salem township,
where Mr. Jeffers followed the occupation of
farming, becoming the owner of three hundred
and twenty acres of land, which he converted
into a good farm. He was the father of ten chil-
dren, eight of whom are now living. The par-
ents have both passed away, the father in 1883.
and the mother in 1888.

Mr. and Mrs. Potter have had no children of
their own, but have reared seven or eight, having
cared for all who have applied to them for homes.
Mr. Potter is the owner of three hundred and
sixty acres of well improved land in New Salem
township, where he resides. Upon the place there
are substantial outbuildings for the shelter of
grain and stock ; and the careful cultivation be-
stowed upon the fields makes the farm a valuable
one. He is extensively engaged in the raising
of stock, giving his time largely to cattle, which
brings him a good income. In his political views
Mr. I 'otter was formerly a republican, but dur-
ing the past decade has given his support to the
prohibition party, which embodies his belief con-
cerning the temperance question. He has never

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

547-

cared for office, perferring to give his undivided
attention to his business interests which have
brought him signal success. He and his wife are
both members of the United Brethren church, to
which he contributes liberally ; and their acquaint-
ance in the county where they have so long re-
sided is wide and favorable. With limited educa-
tional privileges and no financial assistance, Mr.
Potter started out in life on his own account,
and has worked his way steadily upward, placing
his dependence upon the substantial qualities of
energy, determination and unfaltering industry ;
and these have served as a strong foundation upon
which he has builded the superstructure of his
success. He has for two-thirds of a century been
a resident of the county, and is perhaps as well
known as anv man within its borders.

THOMAS M. WATSON, M. D.

Dr. Thomas M. Watson, engaged in the prac-
tice of medicine and surgery in Griggsville, was
born in Rarry, Pike county, November 25, 1851,
his parents being John and Agnes (Begg) Wat-
son, both of whom were natives of Paisley. Scot-
land, the former born November 23, 1805, and the
latter March 4, 1813. They were married No-
vember 24, 1849, Agnes Begg being his third
wife. His second wife was Isabelle Begg. a sis-
ter of Agnes. In his native country Mr. Watson
was a designer of Paisley shawls. Coming to
America he first located in Quincy, Illinois, and
later removed to Barry, where he engaged in
teaching school. He also served as postmaster
there, and in 1850 embarked in merchandising,
which he conducted for a number of years, being
one of the leading early merchants of the county.
He also contributed to its educational progress.
and was a prominent member of the first teach-
ers' institute held in Pike county. His name was
a synonym for honesty ; and he could never be
tempted into doing anything which he believed
to be wrong, so that he left to his family the price-
' less heritage of an untarnished name and an ex-
ample that is indeed worthy of emulation. He
died in August, 1862, while the mother of our

subject passed away in her eighty-first year. They
were the parents of three sons, Thomas M., John
B. and William W.

Thomas M. Watson spent his boyhood days in
his parents' home, his youth being passed in the
usual manner of lads of the period ; his time being
devoted between the work of the schoolroom, the
pleasures of the playground and the various du-
ties which were assigned to him by his mother.
He lost his father when only about eleven years
of age. After acquiring his. preliminary educa-
tion, he continued his studies in Lombard Uni-
versity at Galesburg, Illinois ; and having com-
pleted a good collegiate course, he prepared for
the practice of medicine as a student in the Ec-
lectic Medical Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio, from
which he was graduated with the class of 1874.
Almost immediately afterward, Dr. Watson was
married to Miss Helena Terry, the wedding b^ing
celebrated on the igth of May, 1874. She was
born in Rarry, February 22, 1853, and is a daugh-
ter of James L. and Alzina C. (Liggett) Terry,
the former a native of Kentucky, and the latter
of Pike county, Illinois.

Soon after his marriage Dr. Watson located for
practice in Griggsville, where he has since re-
mained, having now more than thirty years been
a representative of the medical profession in this
part of the state. His practice extends to neigh-
boring towns, and his ability is recognized in the
liberal patronage accorded him. He has been a
thorough and discriminating student, keeping in
touch with the modern scientific research and
bringing to bear in the solution of difficult prob-
lems, which continually confront the physician,
broad and comprehensive knowledge of the sci-
ences of medicine and surgery. He is likewise
an active and valued factor in community life,
having co-operated in many progressive measures
for the general good. He served as mayor of
Griggsville in 1885, and at this writing, in 1906,
is an alderman. He is also secretary of the school
board, which position he has filled for twenty-
three years, and he is president of the board of
directors of the public library. His political alle-
giance is given to the republican party ; and his
fraternal affiliation is with Griggsville lodge, No.
45, A. F. & A. M., in which he served as master

548

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

for nine years, the Modern Woodmen of Amer-
ica, the Mutual Protective League and the Pike
County Mutual Life Association. He also be-
longs to the Congregational church ; and in the
line of his profession he is connected with the
Illinois Homeopathic Medical Association. Thor-
ough preliminary training well qualified him for
the duties which he assumed as a life work, and
by faithful performance of each day's tasks he
has found courage and strength for the labors of
the succeeding day. In many a household in this
part of the county he is the beloved family physi-
cian in whom great confidence is reposed and he
is ever worthy of the trust which is given him.

ALEXANDER K. ROSS.

As long as memory remains to the American
people the history of the veterans of the Civil
war will be a matter of interest ; and the country
owes to the veterans of that long and sanguinary
struggle a debt of gratitude which can never be
fully repaid. Mr. Ross was one of the boys in
blue who went forth as an Illinois soldier to fight
for the Union. He is now accounted one of the
leading and enterprising agriculturists of Pike
county, holding large landed interests. His farm,
which is pleasantly located two and a half miles
south of New Canton, comprises three hundred
and twenty-five acres of rich and productive land.
Mr. Ross was born in Washington county, Penn-
sylvania, October 6, 1839, and is a son of John
and Elizabeth (McDaniels) Ross, who were early
settlers of Pennsylvania. His paternal grand-
father was born in Scotland, and the grandmother
in Ireland. They crossed the Atlantic to Amer-
ica prior to 1800, John Ross following the occu-
pation of farming in the Keystone state, where
he owned one hundred and sixty acres of good
land and made his home, carefully conducting
his business interests and rearing there a large
family of ten children. Only three of the number
are now living, however: William, a resident of
Hand county, South Dakota ; John, who makes
his home in Pike county; and Alexander K., who
was the youngest of the family. The parents were

members of the Presbyterian church. The father
died at the age of sixty years, and a life of use-
fulness and activity was thus ended.

Alexander K. Ross acquired his education in
the public schools of Pennsylvania, and spent his
boyhood days upon his father's farm, becoming
familiar with the practical methods of tilling the
soil and caring for the crops. When twenty years
of age he started out upon an independent busi-
ness career as a farm hand, and in 1860 he came
to Pike county, where he arrived without a cent
of money: He possessed, however, strong de-
termination and laudable ambition, and these
served him in place of capital. He at once sought
and secured employment, working by the month
as a farm hand until 1862. His earnings during
that period were carefully saved and when two
years had passed, he purchased a farm of forty
acres. About the same time he enlisted in the
army, joining the Union forces in August, 1862.
as a member of Company E, Seventy-eighth Il-
linois Infantry. He enlisted at Quincy for three
years, or until the close of the war, and partici-
pated in a number of important campaigns, in-
cluding the Atlanta campaign and the celebrated
march under Sherman to the sea, after which he
was honorably discharged. Several times he was
slightly wounded but his injuries were never of
a very, serious nature, and he remained at his post
of duty, never faltering in the thickest of the fight
nor hesitating when assigned to the lonely picket
line. When the war was ended he was discharged
in June, 1865, at New York city, after which he
returned to Pike county. Here Mr. Ross took up
the active work of improving his land, returning
to take charge of a little tract of forty acres.
That he has prospered is indicated by his splen-
didly improved property of three hundred and
twenty-five acres pleasantly and conveniently lo-
cated about a mile and a half south of New Can-
ton. In the midst of this lie has erected a fine
brick residence, built in modern and pleasing style
of architecture. He also has good barns and sheds
upon his place and the farm is well fenced. He
also raises considerable stock, making a specialty
of hogs. In all his business affairs he is prac-
tical and enterprising and his success is the merit-
ed reward of his earnest labor.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

549

On the 27th of January, 1878, Mr. Ross was
united in marriage to Mrs. Melvina Brewster,
nee Purcell, a daughter of Aaron and Maria (Cle-
ment) Purcell, who removed from Canada to Indi-
ana, where Mrs. Ross was born. The parents also
took up their abode in Pike county at an early
day, locating here when the country was largely
an unbroken wilderness. Deer were frequently
seen and venison was no unusual dish upon the
table of the early settlers. Other wild game could
be had in abundance and there was every evi-
dence of frontier life in uncut tracts of timber
land and the stretches of unimproved prairie.
The father died in Memphis, Tennessee, while
the mother's death occurred in Pike county in
1863. In their family were six children but Mrs.
Ross is the only one now living. She was brought
to this county when but four years of age and was
reared here, obtaining her early education in one
of the primitive log schoolhouses with slab
benches, crude writing desks and a huge fireplace
in one end of the room to heat the building.
Often in those days she saw wild deer and fre-
quently wolves and other wild animals. She can
remember the county when it was but sparsely
settled and the work of improvement and
progress seemed scarcely begun. She is a worthy
representative of one of the honored pioneer
families of this part of the state and she owns
here about nine hundred acres of land. The home
of Mr. and Mrs. Ross is most attractively situ-
ated, standing back about three hundred feet
from the road, the walk thereto being lined on
each side by evergreen trees. There is a beautiful
and well kept lawn which presents a splendid
setting for their residence and the home is one
which would be a credit to any city. There were
three children by Mrs. Ross' first marriage:
Charles E., a resident of Minneapolis, Minnesota;
Annie B., who is the widow of Elmer West and
resides with Mr. and Mrs. Ross ; and Minnie M.,
also at home.

Mr. Ross votes with the republican party but
has never been an aspirant for office, preferring
to leave the discharge of official duties to others,
yet as a private citizen he is never remiss in his
support of measures which are calculated to ben-
efit the community. He is a member of the

Masonic lodge at New Canton, which he joined
upon its organization, and he also belongs to
Amos Moore post, No 617, G. A. R., of New
Canton. He has based his principles and actions
upon strict adherence to the rules which govern
industry, economy and unswerving integrity and
thus he has become an important factor in agri-
cultural circles and his prosperity is well
deserved.

JOHN WALCH, SR.

John Walch, Sr., who since 1880 has resided
upon his present farm on section 12, Kinder-
hook township, although in the meantime he has
extended its boundaries until he now owns three
hundred and forty-three acres of rich and pro-
ductive land, was born in Van Wert county.
Ohio, on the iqth of August, 1846, his parents
being John A. and Anna E. (Fauty) Walch.
The father's birth occurred in Baden Baden,
Germany, while the mother was born in Ohio.
Their only child is John Walch of this review.
John A. Walch was a farmer by occupation and his
death occurred in Ohio in 1846. His widow aft-
erward married Samuel Nestrick, of the Buckeye
state, who with the family came to Illinois in
1858, residing in Stark county until 1863, when
he removed to Pike county and settled on sec-
tion 18. Barry township. Here he purchased a
farm of one hundred and thirteen acres, upon
which he lived until his death in 1881, while his
wife passed away July 4, 1876. There were four
children born of the mother's second marriage, a
son and three daughters, of whom two are now
living. The elder, George Nestrick, resides upon
the old homestead near the Walch farm and owns
about four hundred acres of land. The daugh-
ter, Mrs. O. P. Harrison, is living in Davis
county, Missouri. Mr. Nestrick was a democrat
in his political views and, like the mother of our
subject, was of German descent. She belonged
to the Lutheran church.

John Walch was educated in the common
schools of Ohio and of Pike county and began life
for himself when twenty-one years of age. Up
to this time he had lived with his mother and

550

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

stepfather and on attaining his majority he left
home and began learning the miller's trade, which
he followed for five years. He afterward en-
gaged in farming and threshing for thirty years
or until 1901. On the 2rjth of January, 1880,
he purchased the place where he now resides, at
that time comprising one hundred and fifty-seven
acres on section 12, Kinderhook township, and
as his financial resources increased he added to the
original tract one hundred and eighty-six acres
on section 3, Kinderhook township, and now has
altogether three hundred and forty-three acres,
constituting a very valuable property. He carries
on general farming and stock-raising, making
a specialty of sheep and black cattle and also raises
hogs. All of his stock is of good grade and both
branches of his business are proving profitable.

On the 1 8th of March, 1869, Mr. Walch was
married to Miss Charlotte Hull, who was born in
Pike county, 'April 7, 1847, and is a daughter of
Charles and Nancy (Pollum) Hull. They were
one of the first families to settle' in Kinderhook
township. The father was a farmer who owned
f9rty acres of land and resided near Kinderhook.
Both he and his wife are now deceased. In
their family were thirteen children. Unto Mr.
and Mrs. Walch have been born six children :
Frank, at home ; Roy who married Maggie Hicks
and lives in Quincy; Charles, who married Eva
Ross and resides on one of his father's farms ;
Ellis, at home; John and Fannie, also under the
parental roof.

Mr. Walch is a self-made man and now a well-
to-do citizen. He has erected all of the buildings
upon his place and has a comfortable and attract-
ive residence and good barns. He has cleared
most of the land, has put up good fences and
everything about the place is in excellent con-
dition, while none of the facilities of equipments
of a model farm are lacking. He has a fine or-
chard of apple and plum trees, which he has set
out and which are in good bearing condition.

Mr. Walch is a democrat, who for six years
has been supervisor of Kinderhook township and
is the incumbent in the office at the present time.
He has acted as collector and has been school
trustee for about twelve years. His wife is a
member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He

had no financial assistance when he started out
in life but he had early learned the value of in-
dustry and economy as factors in a successful
business career. His life history will bear close
investigation and scrutiny and what he has ac-
complished is an indication of his strong business
qualifications and determined purpose.

ERBIE M. WOODS.

Erbie M. Woods, who is engaged in buying
and selling horses and mules, and also conducts
a livery and feed barn in New Salem, was born
in this county, September 6, 1876, and is a repre-
sentative of one of the pioneer families. His par-
ents are John E. and Amy (Pine) Woods. The
father was born in Eldara township in 1849. He
started out in life on his own account when twenty
years of age. The mother was born in New Salem
township in 1856, and was married to John E.
Woods in 1875. He carried on agricultural pur-
suits successfully for many years. In 1903 he
moved to California, returning in 1906, and ex-
pects to make this his home. To Mr. and Mrs.
John E. Woods were born four children : Erbie,
Ivah, Howe and Gail. Ivah lives in California
and the others in Illinois.

Erbie M. Woods was educated in the common
schools, and after putting aside his text-books,
engaged in farming for three years. He has since
sold his farm, and has given his attention to the
purchase of horses and mules. He also conducts
a livery and feed barn in New Salem, and owns
the barn in which his business is carried on, to-
gether with a fine home in the town.

On the 6th of October, 1897, was celebrated
the marriage of Erbie M. Woods and Miss Anna
Dunham, a daughter of Daniel and Martha
(Woods) Dunham. Her father was born July 15,
1856, in Martinsburg township, Pike county. He
started out in life on his own account when nine-
teen years of age. Her mother was born in Steu-
benville, Ohio, in 1852, and was married to Dan-
iel Dunham in 1875. To them were born six chil-
dren, Herbert. Anna. Daisy. Lora, Villa and
Kellv.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

551

Mr. and Mrs. Erbie Woods have two children :
Doris, born January 24, 1898; and Martha F.,
born July 6, 1905. The parents hold membership
in the Methodist church ; and Mr. Woods ex-
ercises his right of franchise in support of the
men and measures of the republican party. His
business interests are capably conducted, and he
now has a good sale barn in New Salem.

FRANK LAWSON.

Frank Lawson, a fanner residing a mile east
of Barry on section 19, Hadley township, was
born in Adams county, Illinois, December 23,
1868, his parents being William and Elizabeth
(Cutter) Lawson. The father was born near
Baylis, Pike county, on the 29th of November,
1841, and was a son of Frank Lawson, ST., one
of the early settlers of this county who became an
extensive farmer and one of the largest stock-
raising of his day in the county. William
Lawson removed to Adams county, making
his home at the present time in Beverly township.
He wedded Miss Elizabeth Cutter, who was born
in that township, and is a daughter of Samuel
Cutter, who was one of the early settlers of
Adams county, coming to this state from New
Jersey. The Sykes and Cutter families came to-
gether to Illinois and were the second and third
families in Beverly township. There the Cutter
nursery was established and was the first one in
that part of the locality. William Lawson con-
tinued to follow the occupation of farming until
after the outbreak of the Civil war, when, on the
gth of August, 1862, he enlisted as a member of
Company E, Seventeenth Regiment of Illinois
Volunteers. He served until the close of hostili-
ties and was mustered out June 7, 1865, with the
rank of first sergeant. He was wounded at Ben-
tonville, North Carolina, by being hit with a spent
ball behind the ear and was left on the field for
dead but crawled to camp that night and sur-
prised his comrades who supposed that he was
lying lifeless on the field.

Frank Lawson was educated in the common
schools and started out on his own account when

twenty-one years of age. He worked at farm labor
for some time and in October, 1896, purchased
a farm of one hundred and sixty acres, where he
now lives, taking up his abode thereon the same
year. The place is pleasantly and conveniently
located within a half mile of the city limits of
Barry and is a well cultivated property. It is
surrounded by a good fence and substantial
buildings have been erected thereon, while every-
thing about the place is kept in good repair and
in its neat and thrifty appearance the farm indi-
cates the careful supervision of a practical and
painstakng owner. Mr. Lawson keeps a number
of Jersey cows and sells annually a large amount
of milk and butter. He is now raising Angus
cattle and has twenty head of pure blooded
stock, making a nice herd. He also raises hogs
and his stock-raising is an important and profit-
able branch of his business.

On the 1 8th of October, 1893, Mr. Lawson was
married to Miss Hattie Sykes, who was born in
Adams county, Illinois, 'February 15, 1871, and
is a daughter of James and Mary (Ayres) Sykes.
The father was born March 9, 1819, in Hudders-
field, England, which was also the birthplace of
his parents and grandparents. The grandfather,
James Sykes, ST., passed his early life in his
native country, and when very young began earn-
ing his own living by working in the woolen mills,
where he was steadily advanced in recognition of
his capability and fidelity until he became foreman
of the finishing department. In 1821, possessed
of a laudable ambition to enjoy still better oppor-
tunities in business life he emigrated to Amer-
ica and secured a position in Manhattanville, New
York, now included within the boundary of New
York city. After settling there he sent for his
wife and three children and they sailed from Liv-
erpool, but when the vessel had been out a few
weeks it sprang a leak and after sailing thirteen
weeks finally managed to reach the port of Cork,
Ireland. Mrs. Sykes then returned home with her
three children but soon afterward set sail again
and better luck attended the second voyage, for
she landed safely in New York after seven
weeks. She had however, thus spent about
twenty weeks upon the ocean in that year. Mr.
and Mrs. Sykes remained residents of the state

552

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of New York until 1834, when the grandfather
of Mrs. Lawson visited Adams county, Illinois,
and purchased four hundred and eighty acres of
government land in Beverly township. He then
returned to Brooklyn, New York, and in October,
1834, brought his family to Illinois. His wife
and children remained in Quincy while he went
to his farm and built thereon a log cabin, in
which the family were soon installed. He then
entered upon the task of tilling the soil and re-
sided upon his farm until his death, which oc-
curred in 1852. During that period he took a
helpful part in promoting the early development
of the county and in laying deep the foundation
for its present prosperity. In early life he mar-
ried Hannah Hirst, a native of England and
a daughter of William Hirst, who was born in
Yorkshire. They reared four children: Mary;
William; James, who is the father of Mrs. Law-
son; and John, who was born in New York.

James Sykes, Jr., come to America with his
mother when only two years old and was fifteen
years of age at the time of the removal of the
family to Illinois. He remained under the pa-
rental roof until he had attained his majority
and assisted in the farm work, after which his
father gave him eighty acres of wild land, half
prairie and half brush. He built thereon a frame
house, which was the third of the kind in Bev-
erly township and later he turned his attention
to carpentering, which he followed for a part of
the time for nearly thirty years. In the meantime
he also superintended the improvement of his
form, which was brought to a high state of cul-
tivation, and as his financial resources increased
he gradually became an extensive landowner,
his possessions ultimately aggregating seven hun-
dred and sixty acres of rich farming land in
Adams county. He continued to reside upon the
old homestead until 1888, when he purchased an
attractive residence in Barry, beautifully located
on Diamond Hill and has since made his home
in the city. He was married September 23, 1849,
to Miss Mary Ayres, a native of Woodbridge,
New Jersey. She passed away in Adams county
on the ist of April, 1873, leaving six children,
while five died prior to the mother's death. Those
still living are Hannah. Elizabeth, Joseph, Emma,

Frank and Mrs. Lawson. Following the death
of his first wife Mr. Sykes was married on the
25th of November, 1875, to Miss Martha J. Cun-
ningham, who was born in Harrison county,
Ohio. The father is a republican and served for
nearly thirty years as school director in Adams
count}' and has been a member of the board
of education and chairman of the board of health
in Barry, Illinois. His has been a most credit-
able career, crowned with success and with the
respect and honor of his fellowmen.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Lawson have been born
three children: Everett E., born December 12,
1894; Geneva Grace, 'November n, 1896; and
Frank Lester, on the 8th of June, 1899. Mrs.
Lawson is a member of the Christian church
and Mr. Lawson belongs to Barry lodge, No.
836, I. O. O. F. He is a republican and has
served as school director but has no aspiration for
office, preferring to devote his time and energies
to his business affairs which are capably conducted
so that he is now accounted one of the leading and
representative agriculturists of his community,
possessing a farm which is the visible evidence
of a well spent life.

SAMUEL M. DICK A SON.

Samuel M. Dickason is one of the most exten-
sive landowners of Pike county and is also a
prominent factor in financial circles. He was born
in Hannibal, Missouri, August 24, 1867, and is
a son of Jacob H. and Harriet (Conway) Dick-
ason. The father was born in Armstrong county,
Pennsylvania, and went to Missouri about 1852
and spent the remainder of his life there. He was
a capitalist and was a leading and influential
resident of his community. His wife was born
in Hannibal and by his marriage became the mo-
ther of two sons, Samuel M. and William A., who
is now living in Hannibal. The father departed
this life November 3, 1899, at the age of sixty-
four years, while his wife died on the i5th of
October, 1893.

Samuel M. Dickason is indebted to the pub-
lic schools of his native city for the greater part

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

553

of his education. He was, however, a student in
the Gem City Business College at Quincy, where
he was trained for the practical and responsible
duties of business life, and after completing a
thorough course was graduated from that insti-
tution. On July 3, 1889, ne married Miss Car-
rie Strubinger, who was born in Derry township,
Pike county, December 17, 1866, and is a daugh-
ter of Michael and Mary (Chamberlain) Strub-
inger. The father was born in Delaware, October
-8, 1833, and was the eldest son of Joseph
Strubinger, whose name is a familiar one in Pike
county because of his close and active connection
-with business and public affairs here. Michael
Strubinger was brought by his parents to this
county when a boy and started out to fight life's
battles for himself when twenty-one years of age.
He was first employed as a farm hand by the
month, spending his time in that way until about
thirty years of age, during which period he re-
ceived about fifteen dollars per month as re-
muneration for earnest and unremitting toil. That
he was faithful and diligent is indicated by the
fact that he remained in the service of one man
for seven years. He wedded Miss Mary Cham-
berlain in 1862 and unto them were born four
children. Removing from his farm to Barry he
there resided for five or six years and afterward
took up his abode again upon a farm. He be-
came the owner of about twelve hundred acres
of land and had one of the finest country resi-
dences in the county. He was practical and ener-
getic in all that he did, a thorough-going busi-
ness man, who carefully controlled his agricul-
tural interests and dealt quite extensively in stock.
He died May 12, 1896, while his wife passed
away February 14, 1905.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dickason has been born
one daughter, Helen Louise, whose birth oc-
curred August 12, 1905. The family occupy a
beautiful home in Barry, where they have resided
since 1901. Mr. Dickason and his wife own
altogether over two thousand acres of rich bot-
tom land in Pike county, also are stockholders in
the International Bank at Hull and Samuel M.
Dickason is a director of the First National Bank
at Barry. Upon his farm stock-raising is carried
on quite extensively, his attention being given

to cattle, hogs and, to some extent, horses. He is
a capitalist and a man of good business discern-
ment, who forms his plans readily and is deter-
mined in their execution, carrying forward to
successful completion whatever he undertakes.
His judgment is seldom is ever at fault in busi-
ness matters and his keen insight has enabled him
to make judicious investments. His business
operations are usually attended with a high
measure of success and he has thus won a place
among the leading residents of Pike county. His
political allegiance is given to the democracy.
His wife is a member of the Christian church.

JON PERRY GRUBB.

It has been said of Jon Perry Grubb that "no
man knew him but to respect him" and such a
man is certainly worthy of representation in
the history of the county where he lived and
labored, winning success and also the priceless
heritage of an untarnished name. He did not
seek to figure prominently in public life, but he
performed every duty faithfully and courage-
ously and developed a character that is indeed
well worthy of emulation. A native of Pennsyl-
vania, he was born about four miles from Harris-
burg and near Mechanicsburg in Cumberland
county on the 7th of October, 1815. His parents
were Jonas and Sarah (Wizer) Grubb, in whose
family were twelve children, eight sons and four
daughters, of whom seven were living at the time
of the death of Jon P. Grubb. The father was
a stone mason by trade, but the family resided
upon a farm which was operated by the sons
until 1833. In that year all removed to Saegers-
town in Crawford county, Pennsylvania.

Mr. Grubb of this review had attended the
public schools and soon after the removal of the
family to Saegerstown he went to Meadville,
about seven or eight miles from his home and
secured employment in a woolen mill, where he
remained for a year. The following year, in
company with George Wike, afterward a promi-
nent citizen of Pike county, he went to Erie, Penn-
sylvania, where he completed his trade, master-

554

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ing all the details of the business of a woolen
manufacturer. His arrival in Illinois dates from
1838. He made his way to Quincy, where George
Wike was at work at the trade which they had
learned, being employed by Colonel Dan Whipple,
one of the pioneers of Quincy. After a few weeks
Mr. Grubb went to Palmyra, Missouri, where he
operated a roll card for John Sallee. In the suc-
ceeding winter he returned to Saegerstown and
in the spring of 1839 the Grubb family came to
Illinois, settling on a farm near Liberty, Adams
county. Jon P. Grubb at that time entered the
employ of Colonel Whipple, for whom he en-
gaged in carding and spinning until 1842, when
he assisted George Wike in establishing the Barry
Woolen Mills at the present site. At that point
there was already in operation a sawmill and an
old French buhr for grinding corn, the power
being furnished by water from the spring which
issues form the cave in the hillside above the mills.
Mr. Grubb, however, again entered the employ
of Colonel Whipple. with whom he continued
until 1844. H£ afterward spent one year in the
service of Captain Garrett at Camp Point, Illinois,
and on the expiration of that period formed a
partnership with George, Joe and David Wike
in the business of carding rolls, manufacturing
woolen goods and grinding corn and sawing lum-
ber. The variety of the work done made this one
of the important industrial concerns of the county
and it drew a patronage from a wide district.
There had been great changes wrought in the
manufacture of woolen goods, but at that time
all weaving was done on hand looms and when a
power loom was brought to the Barry mills from
Pittsburg it was regarded with the utmost won-
der. However, the mills were kept in touch with
the uniform progress in that line of manufacture,
new and improved machinery being introduced
from time to time and the Barry Woolen Mills
still maintain a foremost place amid productive
industries of this county. Mr Grubb continued
his connection with the mills until a few years
prior to his death, after which he concentrated
his energies upon his farm.

On the gth of May, 1849, Mr. Grubb was
united in marriage to Miss Harriet Stevens and
unto them were born three children : John W.,

Emeline and Eva R. The last named became the
wife of John M. Shields and died October 25,
1883. Jon Wr. Grubb married Miss Mary Clay-
combe, of Eureka, Kansas, and they reside in
Galesburg, Illinois, where he is a professor in
Lombard University. Emeline married a Mr.
Shields and lives in Ellis, Kansas. They have
five children : Eva, Pearl, Mary, Lee and Anna.
Mrs. Harriet Grubb departed this life March 5,
1866, and Mr. Grubb afterward wedded Mrs. Beu-
lah Nations, nee Beecher, who was born in Liber-
ty, Adams county, November 30, 1839. She was a
daughter of Hamilton and Jerusha (Stevens)
Beecher, who were natives of the state of New
York. The father came to Adams county about
1837, being one of its pioneer settlers. He helped
to break the prairie and clear away the timber
and he owned and operated forty acres of land,
on which he built a log cabin. In his family were
six children, but only two are now living : John
P. ; and Mary Jane, the wife of Thomas Boren,
who resides near Cowles, Nebraska. The father
died about 1846 and the mother was married
again to Henry Phillips, a farmer of Adams
county, Illinois, who died September 9, 1890,
while the mother's death occurred September 9,
1886. Beulah Beecher was first married to John
Nations, of Liberty, Adams county, Illinois, and
they had two children who yet survive. Norman
W. Nations, the elder, married Belle Jones, by
whom he has two children, Maud and John, and
their home is in Liberty. Illinois. Florence Belle
is the wife of L. Jones, a lumberman of Barry,
and they have two children, Roscoe and Harry.
Mr. Nations enlisted in the Union army on the
7th of August, 1862, as a member of Company
E, Seventy-eighth Regiment of Illinois Volun-
teers and was killed at Chickamauga, September
20, 1863. His wife was married again in 1866
to Jon P. Grubb and they had three children.
George R. married Flora Swan, lives in Bakers-
'field. California, and has three children : Gladys.
Russell and Harriet. Harriet C. married Percy
I. Hale, resides in Wisconsin and has three chil-
dren : Harry, Alice and Beulah. Oliver married
•Katie Wilier, of New Haven. Connecticut, where
they now reside and have one son, Harry.

Mr. Grubb was a devoted member of the Uni-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

555

versalist church and took an active and helpful
part in its work. He was largely instrumental
in the erection of the church in Barry in 1858.
His political views were in accord with democratic
principles and he did all in his power to promote
the growth and insure the success of the party.
He was one of the early members of Barry lodge,
No. 34, A. F. & A. M., in which at various times
he was honored with office and he was ever most
loyal to the ttachir.gs of the fraternity, exempli-
fying in his life its beneficent principles of broth-
erly kindness and mutual helpfulness. The cause
of education found in him a warm and stalwart
friend, who used his aid and influence for the
furtherance of the system of public education
and he was also a contributor toward the building
of Lombard University at Galesburg, Illinois.
One who knew him well wrote of him, "He was
a generous neighbor, a kind husband and a loving
father, devoting his last years to his family in their
farm life. As a man and citizen he was held in
the highest esteem. He was noted for his honesty
and integrity, sound judgment and noble traits
of character. His word to those who knew him
was as good as his bond." He died August 9,
1889, when about seventy- four years of age and
thus closed a most honorable record. He had
lived peaceably with all men and his death came
as a personal bereavement to the large majority
of those who knew him. Mrs. Grubb occupies
a beautiful home that her husband built and is the
owner of one hundred and twenty-four acres of
fine land situated on section 23, Barry township,
and pleasantly and conveniently located about
a half-mile from the city of Barrv.

CHARLES HILL, SR.

Charles Hill, Sr., one of the viative sons of
Pike county, is a respected, enterprising and suc-
cessful farmer residing in Baylis, while his time
and attention are given to the operation of his
land which adjoins the town. He was born Sep-
tember 14, 1860, and was a son of William and
Julia (Farnsworth) Hill. The father was born

in England and the mother also came from Eng-
land to the United States, arriving in Pike county
about 1840. It was ten years' later, however,
before the father reached this country, the date
of his arrival 'being October, 1850. He located
on section 31, Fairmount township, Pike county,
and purchased a tract of raw land which was en-
tirely destitute of improvements, but with char-
acteristic energy he began the cultivation of this
property, doing all of the work upon it. He
added more land thereto until he owned four
hundred acres, which was the visible evidence
of his life of thrift and enterprise. He was classed
with the extensive landowners of the community
and he not only carefully cultivated his fields and
harvested good crops but he also raised stock to
a considerable extent and also traded in stock.
The principal cereal which he raised was wheat.
In politics he was a democrat. His death occurred
in 1876 and the county thereby lost one of its
representative citizens and prominent business
men. He reared a family of six children, five of
whom are yet living, namely: Mrs. Ann M.
Birch, of Baylis; Mrs. Julie Ramsey, who is
also living in Baylis ; Mrs. Mary Grammer, the
wife of Weber Grammer, of Baylis; Fred, who
is residing upon a farm in this county; and
Charles, of this review.

Charles Hill, spending his boyhood days under
the parental roof, acquired his early education in
a brick schcolhouse near his father's home. He
aided in the work of the fields through the sum-
mer months and after his father's death he re-
mained upon the old homestead farm for two
years, working for his mother by the year. He
afterward took charge of the farm and engaged
in the cultivation of the land until his mother's
death, when he came into possession of the prop-
erty. This was a farm of one hundred and ninety-
one acres of good land. He continued as owner
until 1901, when he bought eighty-two acres
where he now resides. He carries on general
farming, his fields being well tilled, and he also
raises hogs. He is likewise engaged in the dairy
business, keeping ten cows for this purpose.

In 1883 Mr. Hill was married to Miss Nettie
Mclntyre, of LaSalle county, Illinois, a daughter
of John Mclntyre, who came to Pike county and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

retained his residence in Baylis up to the time
of his death, owning and cultivating a fine farm
near the village. Mr. and Mrs. Hill have four
children : Myrtle, who is the wife of Fred Stauf-
fer and lives upon a farm in New Salem town-
ship ; Grover, who is the manager of the cream-
ery, which is one of the best business enterprises
of Baylis, having a trade which amounts to about
fifteen thousand dollars a year ; Alva and Kline
both at home. Mr. Hill is a democrat and is a
member of the town board of Baylis. He is a
popular citizen with good business qualifications,
of energy and enterprise in public affairs and at
all times is interested and helpful in promoting
the welfare of the community.

THOMAS A. GAY.

Thomas A. Gay, who is engaged in farming and
fruit-raising not far from Baylis, is one of Pike
county's native sons, who has spent almost his
entire life within its borders. He was born May
19, 1860, on the old family homestead, and is a
son of John and Sarah (Bowman) Gay. The
father came to Pike county at an early day • in
company with his father, Simon Gay, and settled
where Thomas A. Gay now resides. They took
up land from the government which was entirely
destitute of improvements and at once began to
clear the tract. Later they built a log house in
which Thomas A. Gay resided until 1897.
It was a large double log house con-
taining two immense rooms and a double fire-
place. With characteristic energy John Gay con-
tinued the work of cultivating and improving his
property and spent his remaining days upon the
old homestead farm, his death occurring about
1865. In the family were five children, of whom
two sons and a daughter are vet living, name!} :
Thomas A., of this review ; Frank, who resides
in Hannibal, Missouri; and Mrs. Rebecca Coss.
who is living in southwestern Kansas.

Thomas A. Gay is indebted to the public-school
system of Pike county for the educational privi-
leges he enjoyed. His time was divided between
the duties of the schoolroom, the pleasures of the

playground and the work of the home farm
during the period of his boyhood and youth and
he has spent the greater part of his life on the
old home property although in 1890 and 1891 he
was in California and for a time lived in South
Dakota. He purchased a farm of one hundred
and sixty r.cres near Mitchell, South Dakota, in

1883, and took up a claim there, but having a
stronger attachment for the county of his nativity
than for his new home he returned to Illinois.
He now rents land and engages in farming. He
owns forty-one acres of the old homestead which
is well improved and he has built thereon a fine
residence and substantial barns. The place is
also well fenced and in addition to the cultivation
of the cereals best adapted to soil and climate he
also raises fruit, which finds a ready sale upon
the market because of size, quality and flavor.
He also has a few cattle and horses and about
fifty head of hogs and for eight years he has en-
gaged in the operation of a hay press.

In June, 1882, Mr. Gay was united in marriage
to Miss Melissa McKinney, who was born in
New Salem township in 1865 and is a daughter
of George and Elizabeth (Burkhead) McKinney.
The father was a native of Pennsylvania and came
to Illinois at an early day when few settlements
had been made. He took up land from the gov-
ernment and shared in the usual hardships and
privations of pioneer life. As the years passed
by he prospered and is now the owner
* of two hundred acres of rich farming
land. He has now reached the age of
eighty-three years. In his family were nine chil-
dren, of whom seven are now living.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Gay have been born two
children, Myrtie, who was born November 20,

1884, married Florence Hill, whose birth occurred
March 27, 1885. They have one child, Glenna
Hazel, born March 6, 1903. Daisy, born May 25,
1887, died September 18. 1899. The family home
is situated upon forty-one acres of the old home-
stead property which belonged to Mr. Gay's
father. This is a well improved tract of land
and he has erected a fine residence which forms
one of the attractive features of the landscape.
There are also good barns upon the place and the
farm is well fenced, while everything is neat and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

557

thrifty in appearance. He carries on general agri-
cultural pursuits and raises fruit and in his busi-
ness efforts he has met with a gratifying measure
of success. In politics he is a democrat. His
wife belongs to the United Brethren church at
Baylis and they are people of genuine worth, re-
spected and esteemed by all who know them.

MARTIN V. SHIVE.

Martin V. Shive, living on section n. Pleasant
Hill township, is one of the practical, progressive
and prosperous farmers, of his community, where
he owns and operates one hundred and twenty-
two acres of land. A native of Cumberland
county, Kentucky, he was born August 16, 1839,
and is a son of Martin Shive, a native of Ken-
tucky, while his grandfather, George Shive, was
born in Wurtemberg, Germany. Martin Shive,
Jr., was reared in the state of his nativity. .Mar-
tin V. Shive's father died June 7, 1839, three
months prior to the birth of his son, and his
mother when he was in his third year. He was
reared by his grandmother and in his nineteenth
year came to Mason county, Illinois, where he
worked for his uncle for some time, remaining
there for two years. He next came to Pike
county, where he was employed at farm labor
for some time and then returned to Mason county.
In response to the country's call for aid he en-
listed in 1861, joining the boys in blue of Com-
pany K, Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.
The troops proceeded to Peoria and were there
drilled on the fair grounds. He first enlisted for
three months' service, but joined the United States
service on the 25th of May, 1861, and went from
Peoria to Alton, Illinois. The order then came
to proceed to St. Louis, Missouri, after which
they went to St. Charles and afterward returned
to St. Louis, continuing at the arsenal for a few
weeks. Later the regiment joined the Cairo
forces and established what was called Fort Holt.
Later, however, the company was ordered back
to St. Louis and then proceeded to Pilot Knob,
from which place they marched to the Mississippi
river. They participated in the engagement at

Cape Girardeau, the first battle occurring October
21, 1861, with the troops under Jefferson Thomp-
son at Frederickstown, Missouri. The Seven-
teenth Illinois was commanded by Colonel Ross
and the regiment formed a part of the forces
under General Fremont. Later this regiment
joined the troops under Commodore Foote at
Cairo, Illinois, and with thirty thousand soldiers
took- up the march along the Tennessee river
to Fort Henry. The principal fighting there,
however, was done from the gunboats, and the
gunboat Tyler ran the blockade and captured the
Confederate boats. The engagement was carried
on in the midst of a heavy rain and sleet and the
Union forces camped on the rebel barracks and
held the fort. The next battle in which Mr.
Shive participated was at Fort Donelson, where
the army under General Grant was victorious,
but won the victory at great loss, suffering more
there than at any other time during the war.
The rebel forces surrendered about seventeen
thousand prisoners to General Grant, which was
his first victory, General Halleck having been
in charge when the other battle was fought at
Fort Donelson. Many members of the regiment
to which Mr. Shive belonged were killed and the
surviving members were attached to the Eighth
Illinois Infantry. Mr. Shive was wounded on
the second day of the battle at Shiloh and was
taken to Mound City Hospital, where he remained
for some time and was then granted a furlough
about the 25th of April, 1862. He then went to
Bath, Illinois, where he spent three months in
recovering from his injuries, while later he re-
joined his old company at Bolivar, Tennessee,
but not being able to resume active field service,
was discharged in 1862. He returned to Pike
county and as soon as his health permitted re-
sumed farming.

Mr. Shive was married on the 1 8th of December,
1862, in Pleasant Hill township to Miss Carolina
L. Ricketts, a native of Kentucky and a daugh-
ter of Henry Ricketts, also of Kentucky, who
came to Illinois in the early '505. For a year
after his marriage Mr. Shive engaged in cultivat-
ing rented land, and then bought his first tract
of sixty acres in 1863. While at Shiloh he had
been wounded with buck shot and ball shot ; and

558

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

one of the shot is still in his lungs. As he had
not fully recovered from his injuries, he was ad-
vised to go to California, and, accompanied by
his wife, he drove across the country to Sacra-
mento; but he was not pleased with the Pacific
country, and returned to Illinois after two years.
On again reaching Pike county, Mr. Shive pur-
chased the sixty-acre tract of land as before
stated. He has since added to his property, and
has lived thereon since 1869. He has also erected
a good two-story residence, a substantial barn
and other outbuildings, and altogether has a well
improved place. The work of general farming
and stock-raising has been carried steadily for-
ward ; and all the success that he has enjoyed, has
been acquired by Mr. Shive through his own well
directed efforts. He makes a specialty of raising
Hambletonian horses, and takes great pride in
this enterprise.

Unto our subject and his wife have been born
ten children, of whom two died in infancy, while
Bessie died in her twenty-second year, and Henry
in his forthieth year. Six of the number are
yet living. John South married Miss Daisy
Prowl, and they have four children ; Caroline
Marie, Posy Lee, Charles Pollard and Martin
Van Buren. Charles F. Shive married Ardelia
Scranton, and has two children : Claude Henry
and Maude. Julia P. is the wife of H. Martin
Shelby, and they have six children : Elmer
Bliss, of Miller county, Missouri; Engle Caro-
line; Elsie Edith; Norman; Spencer; and Rob-
ert Van Buren. Nora is the wife of John Zum-
walt ; and after losing their only child in infancy,
they have adopted a daughter, Amelia, who is
now living with them in Pike county, Missouri.-
Janie C. is the wife of Bob Nunn. Bliss Blanche
is the wife of R. A. Shive, and has two children :
Huron Turner and George Buren.

Mr. and Mrs. Shive are members of the Baptist
church, in the work of which they take an active
and helpful part. Mr. Shive now serving as one
of the deacons. The family are all active church
workers, and their labors have contributed in
substantial measure to the growth of the church
and the extension of its influence. Mr. Shive be-
longs to the Grand Army post at Nebo, and has
been a Master Mason for forty yc:irs. passing

through all of the chairs. He is now affiliated
with Pleasant Hill lodge, A. F. & A. M., Pitts-
field chapter. Xo. 10. R. A. M., and the council,
and commandery. No. 49, <K. T. He has served
as a delegate to the grand lodge at Chicago, and
has several times been a visiting member to the
grand lodge. His first presidential vote was
cast for Stephen A. Douglas, and since that time
he has been a stanch republican. He served for
several terms as school trustee and coroner, but
has never been active in politics as an office seeker,
preferring to give his time and attention to his
business affairs, to his children and to his church.
He also takes great delight in reading; and in this
way is constantly broadening his knowledge,
keeping in touch with the current of modern
thought and progress.

J. C. BROWN.

J. C. Brown, who is extensively engaged in
farming in Pleasant Vale township, resides two
and a half miles south of New Canton upon a
farm, which in its thrifty appearance indicates
his careful supervision and practical methods. He
was born in this township, February 13, 1855,
his parents being Andrew and Nancy (Shewie)
Brown. The father came to Pike county at an
early day and as the years passed by he won for
himself a creditable position in agricultural cir-
cles, owning and operating a farm of two hundred
acres, whereby he provided a comfortable living
for his family. He had four children, of whom
only one survives — J. C. of this review. The
father was but thirty-two years of age at the time
of his death but he is still survived by the mother,
who now makes her home with her son, J. C.
Brown.

To the public-school system of Pike county
Mr. Brown of this review is indebted for the
educational privileges which he enjoyed and which
claimed much of his attention during the period
of his youth. He was married July 24, 1884. to
Miss Rachel Rankin, who was born in New
Salem and was a daughter of Hugh and Rachel

1'AST AXD PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

559

(Stewart) Rankin, of Irish descent. Her par-
ents came to America from Ireland in early
life and in their family were seven children, of
whom five are yet living. Mr. and Mrs. Brown
have but one child, Andrew Carson, who was
born December 5, 1890, and is under the parental
roof.

J. C. Brown is the owner of the old home farm
which was left to him and his brother and his
entire life has been devoted to the tilling to the
tilling of the soil and to stock-raising. He owns
here three hundred and seventeen acres of land,
which is very arable, and the productive fields
annually yield rich harvests. The farm is situ-
ated on sections 26 and 27, Pleasant Vale town-
ship, along the bluff. He raises the various cereals
best adapted to soil and climate and also has con-
siderable stock upon his place, raising a large
number of hogs and breeding Aberdeen Angus
cattle. The farm is well fenced and is divided
into fields of convenient size. The buildings are
in good repair and furnish ample shelter for
grain and stock. He has also erected a beautiful
residence, which forms one of the pleasing fea-
tures of the landscape in this part of the county.
The passerby does not need to inquire concerning
the character of the owner of this property for,
his sterling qualities are manifested in the fine
appearance of his place. In politics he is a
democrat and for some years has served as school
trustee. His fraternal relations are with the Mod-
ern Woodmen camp at New Canton, but the
number of his friends is not limited by his mem-
bership in this organization, as he is widely and
favorably known throughout the county, where
his entire life has been passed.

JOHN G. SLEIGHT.

John G. Sleight is a representative of farming
interests in Griggsville township and a well im-
proved property is the visible evidence of his
life of earnest labor, careful management and pro-
gressive and practical methods. He was born in
Lincolnshire, near Boston, England, June 12,
1840, his parents being John G. and Rebecca

( \Yalker) Sleight, both of whom were natives of
the same country.

John G. Sleight, father of our subject, was
born in 1805 and was reared to the occupation of
farming and after arriving at years of maturity
was married in England in 1826 to Miss Rebecca
Walker, who was born near Boston, Lincolnshire,
and represented one of the old families of that
locality, being a daughter of Thomas Walker, who
was reared in the same county and there devoted
his life to farming. He was married in Lin-
colnshire to Miss Hannah Crawford and they
remained residents of that locality until called to
the home beyond. The members of the Sleight
family belonged to the Wesleyan Methodist
church, while the Walkers were members of the
church of England. Following their marriage
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Sleight, Sr., remained resi-
dents of England until 1857, when they crossed
the Atlantic to America, arriving at Griggsville
on the 28th of October. The voyage across the
water was made in a steamer to New York city,
whence they proceeded westward by way of
Chicago and took up their abode in Flint town-
ship. Pike county, where the father turned his
attention to farming. He prospered in his under-
takings and at one time was the owner of about
five hundred acres of valuable land located on
section 6, Flint township. Nearly all of this was
wild timber land when it came into his possession,
but he wrought a marked transformation in the
appearance of the place, bringing much of the
property under a high state of cultivation. He
continuel to engage successfully in general farm-
ing up to the time of his demise, which occurred
when he reached the advanced age of eighty-two
years. He held membership in the Wesleyan
Methodist church, of which his wife was also a
devoted member and his political support was
given to the republican party. His wife, who
was born in 1802, died in 1862. They were well
known residents of Pike county, respected by
all who knew them. In their family were two
sons and six daughters, all of whom finally came
to this country and settled in Illinois. Of this
number four are now living: Betsy, who mar-
ried John Culley. a resident of Falls City,
Nebraska ;' Ann, the wife of R. N. Long, of Jack-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

son county, Kansas; Mary, the wife of Joseph
Wilson, who is living in Flint township ; and
John G.

In the subscription and public schools John G.
Sleight acquired his education and when seven-
teen years of age came to America with his par-
ents. At the age of twenty-six years he started
out in life on his own account having up to this
time assisted his father in the operation of the
home farm. He first purchased eighty acres of
land in 1865 and as the years passed and his
financial resources increased he added to his prop-
erty until he now owns four hundred and eighty
acres of valuable land, which is well improved.
In 1882 he built a fine home, in which he now
resides and on the farm are large and commodious
barns, carriage sheds and other outbuildings.
He and his son breed polled Angus cattle and
German coach horses and raise from two to
three hundred head of hogs each year. He is
well known as a stock-raiser and feeder and his
business is extensive and profitable.

On the ist of March, 1866, Mr. Sleight was
married to Miss Ruth Reynolds, who was born in
Clermont county, Ohio, September 24, 1837, a
daughter of Aaron and Mary Ann (Forsythe)
Reynolds. Her father was born in New York, Feb-
ruary 17, 1808, and died October 24, 1862. He
had been married in Brown county, Ohio, Novem-
ber 13, 1828, to Miss Mary Ann Forsythe, whose
birth occurred in the Buckeye state, July 17,
1810, while her death occurred in Illinois, August
13, 1886. They came to Pike county in 1847,
settling in Griggsville township among its early
residents. Mr. Reynolds purchased timber and prai-
rie land and became a pioneer farmer, doing his
plowing with oxen, grubbing up the stumps,
clearing the fields and ultimately placing under a
high state of cultivation the farm of one hundred
and twenty acres which he first purchased. He ex-
tended the boundaries of his property until it
comprised one hundred and sixty-seven acres.
He acted as school director for a number of years
and was a member of the Christian church, while
his political allegiance was given to the democ-
racy. In his family were eleven children, of whom
seven are now living: Mrs. Rebecca Newman, of
Griggsville; Eli, who resides in Coffeyville, Kan-

sas ; John P., of Mounds, Missouri ; Mrs. Sleight ;
Daniel B., who is living in California; Mrs. Lu-
cretia W. Harrington, of Griggsville; and Naa-
man D., who is living in California.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Sleight have been born
two children: Charles Walker, born November
21, 1868, married Jennie June Harvey, and their
children are Hazel E. and Harvey L. Mary L.,
born August 23, 1870, is the wife of Fred A.
Clark and has two children, Mary Ruth and
Frank J. Mr. Sleight is a member of Griggsville
lodge No. 45, A. F. & A. M., belongs to the
Baptist church and votes with the democracy.
Mrs. Sleight belongs to the Baptist church and
is a lady of culture and refinement who, like her
husband, shares in the warm regard of many
friends in this county. Coming to America when
a young man, John G. Sleight readily adapted
himself to new and altered conditions and in an
active business career has steadily worked his
way upward.

GEORGE M. SMITH.

On the roster of county officials in Pike county
appears the name of George M. Smith with the
shrievalty. He was elected to his present office
on the ist of December, 1902, by the vote of his
fellow citizens, many of whom have known him
from boyhood and thus express their confidence
and trust in his public-spirited citizenship and
capability. He was born in Perry township in
1862 and upon the home farm was reared. Hs
parents were William W. and Frances (Brown)
Smith, natives of Virginia. Leaving the Old
Dominion they spent a few years in the state of
Ohio and came to Pike county, Illinois, in 1857.
settling in Perry township. The father was for
years prominent among the early residents of
the county and was a successful farmer and
stock-raiser, who devoted his entire life to agri-
cultural pursuits and at the time of his death
owned four hundred and fifteen acres of fine
farm land, fifty acres of which was covered with
an orchard of apples and pear trees. Mr. Smith
was a zealous worker in all affairs of church and

GEORGE M. SMITH

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

563

state. After an active life he was called to a
well merited rest, January 12, 1901, being at
that time sixty-seven years of age, his wife sur-
viving him for four years, passing away May
10, 1905. Both were members of the Methodist
Episcopal church, exercising an influence for
good in the church and also in the community in
which they lived. His political allegiance was
given to the democracy and he belonged to Perry
lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M., and the Ancient
Order of United Workmen. Both he and his
wife were early residents of the county and dur-
ing the long years in which they made their
home within its borders were regarded as worthy
and valuable citizens, belonging to that class who
uphold the poltical, moral and educational status
of the community. There were five children in
the Smith family : Ella V., now the wife of
William E. James, of Perry township; Harvey
D., of Detroit township; George M., of Pitts-
field ; and Nettie and Ida May, who died in child-
hood.

'At the usual age George M. Smith entered the
public schools and pursued his studies until he
had mastered the common branches of English
learning. Through the periods of vacation he
worked in the fields and the greater part of his
active life has been devoted to farming. He
was thus engaged up to the time of his election
to his present office. For several years he lived in
Griggsville township, where he was prominent
among the farmers and stock dealers, buying
stock, which he shipped to the St. Louis, Chicago
and Buffalo markets. From his boyhood he
evinced a strong interest in politics and in 1899
was a candidate for supervisor of Griggsville
township, where his popularity was attested by
the large majorty given him. In 1901 he was
re-elected but soon afterward resigned to be-
come a candidate for the office of sheriff. In
1902 Mr. Smith received his party's nomination
and being elected to the position entered upon
its duties on the ist of December, 1902, for a
four-years' term. In this capacity he has served
his county faith fully through various crises. He
still owns a valuable farm of one hundred and
seventy-five acres of fine land in Perry town-
ship well adapted to farming and stock-raising

and his orchard of apple and pear trees covers
twenty-five acres.

When twenty-two years of age Mr. Smith was
united in marriage to Miss Hattie Wilkins, who
was born in Warren county, Indiana, February
16, 1864, and was a daughter of Augustus and
Elizabeth (Campbell) Wilkins, natives of Indi-
ana. By this marriage there were born two
children: Granvil'le Odell, who was born Au-
gust 10, 1886, and at the age of nineteen years
is cashier of the bank at Hillview, Illinois, after
having graduated in 1904 from the Gem City
Business College at Quincy ; and George Wil-
liam, who was born August 21, 1898, and is now
a public-school student. In 1904 Mr. Smith was
called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who
after several months of patient suffering passed
away June 22d of that year. She was a devoted
and faithful' member of the Methodist Episcopal
churcbi .to, w.hjch' Mr. Smith also belongs. Mr.
Smith is a member' bf 'the Masonic fraternity, as
is also his brother, and the father also affiliated
with the craft. The three were members of the
chapter, the Royal Arch degree being conferred
upon all of them at one time — an unprecedented
occurrence in the county. Mr. Smith likewise
belongs to the Knights of Pythias fraternity, the
Modern Woodmen camp and Pike County Mu-
tual Life Association. He has a wide and fa-
vorable acquaintance in the county where his en-
tire life has been passed and his citizenship has
been of a character that has commanded uniform
admiration and led to good results.

CALEB T. BROWNING.

Caleb T. Browning, who after many years of
active and successful connection with farming
interests in Pike county, is now living a retired
life in Perry, was born in Pendleton county.
Kentucky. June 23, 1827. His parents, Caleb and
Penelope (Powers) Browning, were also natives
of the same state, the former born October 19,
1800, and the latter January 5, 1805. In Novem-
ber, 1833, the father left Augusta, Kentucky, with
his family and journeyed to Illinois by way of

564

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the river route, arriving at Naples in the month
of December. There was only one house in Perry
at that time and all of Pike county was but par-
tially improved, only here and there a cabin in-
dicating the advance of civilization. Mr. Brown-
ing entered eighty acres of timber land and eighty
acres of prairie land and built thereon a log cabin
nineteen feet square. He split the clapboards him-
self and made the floor of oak timber. He cleared
the first season a tract sufficient to raise thereon a
crop of corn, gathering enough for his own use
and also some to sell. In the spring of 1837 he re-
moved to his prairie land whereon he had built
a house, living there until 1845. He then burned
brick, from which he erected a fine residence,
continuing to make it his home until 1850, when
he removed to Kansas. He owned at one time
about four hundred acres of Illinois land. Fol-
lowing his arrival in the Sunflower state he
bought one hundred and sixty acres of land,
which he improved and on which he spent his
remaining days. In 1839 ne was chosen justice
of the peace in Pike county and filled the office
until the spring of 1843. ^n early life ne was a
member of the Baptist church but afterward
united with the Christian church. His political
support was given to the whig party. He passed
away in Rice county, Kansas, August 25, 1880,
while his wife died January 25, 1841. Their mar-
riage was celebrated near Germantown, Kentucky,
October 6, 1825, and they became the parents of
seven children, of whom five are now living,
namely : Caleb T. ; J. M., who married Mrs.
Gardner; William P.; Sarah; and Abigail, the
wife of Joseph Horton.

Xo event of special importance occurred to vary
the routine of farm life for Caleb T. Browning
in his boyhood days. He pursued his education
in Perry and worked in his father's fields' from
the time of early spring planting until crops were
harvested in the autumn. In 1848, when twenty-
one years of age, he started out in life on his own
account upon a tract of forty acres, which his
father gave to him. He cultivated that place
until 1854, when he sold out and bought the
old homestead of ninety acres, on which he con-
tinued to reside until 1881, when he purchased
the Peter Brower farm, continuing its improve-

ment and development until the 4th of Novem-
ber, 1904, when he left his farm and took up his
abode in the village of Perry. Mr. Browning
still owns a farm of one hundred and sixteen
acres in Perry township.

Mr. Browning has been married twice. On
the roth of February, 1853, he wedded Mary Ann
Carpenter, who was born February 6, 1837, and
died May 27, 1872. She was a daughter of
Teilman and Elizabeth (Cooper) Carpenter, the
former born in 1805 and the latter in 1818. Mr.
Carpenter was a pioneer settler of Pike county,
coming to this state from Tennessee, while his
wife was a native of Kentucky. They arrived
here prior to the advent of the Browning family
in this part of the state and Mr. Carpenter died
in 1841, while his wife passed away in 1886.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Browning were born nine
children, of whom five are yet living : Fannie,
who was born October 9, 1857, and is the wife of
Jacob Riley; Frank, who was born March 27,
1860, and was married in 1886 to Edith Bolton;
Lula, who was born May 31, 1862, and is the
wife of C. M. Bradbury; Harvey who was born
December 7, 1865, and married Ellen Lacksheide;
and Allie, who was born March 9, 1864, and
married Melissa Herring. After losing his first
wife Mr. Browning was again married, the
second union being with Miss Gillie LaRue,
whom he wedded April i, 1874. She was born
February 24, 1844, and was a daughter of Thomas
R. and Margaret (Williams) LaRue. They
were married in Missouri, where they lived for
a number of years and then came to Perry, Pike
county, Illinois, where the father was a black-
smith and conducted a shop, spending his re-
maining days in Perry. At one time Mrs. Gillie
Browning was a school teacher. Her death oc-
curred March 14, 1905, when she had reached the
age of sixty-one years. By the second marriage
there were six children, of whom four are yet
living : Edna, Maggie, May and Maud. Of these
Maggie is now the wife of Ralph Walker and
has two sons. One child of Mr. and Mrs. Brown-
ing died in infancy, while Roy died December
10, 1903.

Mr. Browning belongs to the Christian church
and in politics is independent, voting for men and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

565

measures rather than party. He has now reached
the seventy-eighth milestone on life's journey
and for long years has been a resident of Pike
county, few of its settlers antedating his arrival
here. He is therefore familiar with its history,
his mind bearing the impress of the early historic
annals of the county. He has borne the usual
hardships of pioneer life, has undergone the
vicissitudes that are typical of frontier settle-
ment, and as the years have passed has won pros-
perity through well directed effort and now is
enabled to enjoy a well earned rest in honorable
retirement from further labor.

WILLIAM THIELE.

William Thiele, extensively engaged in the
raising of Poland China hogs and Shropshire
sheep, was born in the village of Perry, April
4, 1853, and is of German descent, his parents,
William 'and Katharine (Wetzel) Thiele. having
been born in Germany, in which country they
were reared and married. The father's birth
occurred October 25, 1822 ; and, believing that he
might better his financial condition in the new world
he made arrangements for leaving his native
country in 1849, sailing from Bremen, Germany,
to New Orleans on a sailing vessel, which re-
quired thirteen weeks to make the trip. He af-
terward proceeded up the Mississippi river to
St. Louis, where he remained for a few months,
and then crossed the river to Quincy, Illinois.
He came to the village of Perry in 1852, and hav-
ing learned the shoemaker's trade in early life.
he there followed that pursuit during the early
period of his residence in Pike county. In 1858,
however, he located on a farm south of Perry,
where he spent his remaining days, giving his
attention to the tilling of the soil and to stock-
raising. He never cared for public office, but
kept well informed on the questions and issues
of the day, and gave his political allegiance to the
republican party. He held membership in the
Baptist church, while his wife was a member of
the German Lutheran church. He took a very
active part in church work and contributed gen-

erously to its support. He was one of the mem-
bers who built the present house of worship in
Perry at a cost of six thousand dollars; and he
did everything in his power to promote the va-
rious church activities. He passed away April 10,
1903, while his wife departed this life August
4, 1890, at the age of seventy-one years, two
months and twenty-six days. In their family
were eight children, of whom three yet survive,
namely: William; Amelia, the wife of FranV:
Vose, of Perry township ; and Mary E., the wife
of Herman Reese, of Perry township.

In his boyhood days William Thiele of this re-
view attended school and assisted his father upon
the home farm. When twenty-one years of age
he entered upon an independent business career
by working as a farm hand and later renting part
of his father's farm. In the fall of 1878 with the
capital that he had acquired from his own earn-
ings, and with his father's help, he purchased
one hundred acres of land. There was a small
house upon his place, which he occupied until
1890, when he erected his present commodious
and comfortable residence. He feeds between
eighty and one hundred head of hogs each year,
and is engaged in breeding Poland China swine.
He also breeds Shropshire sheep, and has sixty
head at the present time. His farm comprises
one hundred and forty acres of rich and produc-
tive land, and the place is well improved.

On the 25th of August, 1874, Mr. Thiele was
married to Miss Loretta Beavers, who died April
24, 1878. She was born in Scott county, Illi-
nois, in February, 1852, and by her marriage be-
came the mother of two children, but both are
now deceased. On the 8th of March, 1880, Mr.
Thiele wedded Clara Wendling, who was born
February 17, 1859, in Perry township. They
have become the parents of eleven children, of
whom nine are yet living : Edward ; Orilla, the
wife of Percy Chenoweth, of Perry ; Leona ; Wil-
liam R. ; Charles F. ; Herman J. ; Oliver W. ; Frede-
rick L. ; and James L. A daughter of the first
marriage. Lillie, was born September 21, 1875.
became the wife of Fenton Robinson and died
May 15, 1898, leaving an infant daughter. She
possessed many sterling traits of character, and
won the love and esteem of all with whom she

566

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

came in contact, so that her death was deeply de-
plored not only by her immediate family, but by
many friends. The parents of the present Mrs.
Thiele were Michael and Sophia (Thiele) Wend-
ling, both of whom were natives of Germany,
whence they came to America at an early day.
The father was a cooper by trade and lived in
Perry for about two years, after which he re-
moved to Quincy, Illinois, and subsequently to the
vicinity of Hannibal, Missouri, where he. followed
coopering. In his family were eight children, all
of whom are yet living, namely : Mrs. Thiele,
Julia, Mary, Delia, Victor, Amiel, Paulina and
Oral.

Mr. Thiele is a stalwart republican, and has
served for one term as assessor while for the past
fifteen years he has been school director, the cause
of education finding in him a warm and stalwart
friend. He belongs to the Knights of Pythias
fraternity and the Modern Woodmen camp, also
to the Anti-Horse Thief Association, and in the
last named he has held all of the offices. He is re-
garded as a wide-awake, alert and enterprising
man, watchful of oportunities, and ready in his
recognition of all indications pointing to success.
Moreover, he is thoroughly honest in his dealings,
and his good name and prosperity are equally
creditable.

THOMAS B. GRAY.

Thomas B. Gray, who since 1863 has resided
upon his present farm in New Salem township,
is now the owner of three hundred and forty acres
of valuable land, which is the visible evidence
of a life of well directed effort and thrift. He is
a native of Clermont county, Ohio, the date of his
birth being July 13, 1837. His parents were
Thomas and Catherine (Bennett) Gray, who
came to Pike county in 1846. The father was
born in Ohio in 1812, and the mother's birth oc-
curred in Maine in 1798. The paternal grand-
father was a native of Virginia, and both he and
his son, Thomas Gray, Sr., now rest in New
Salem cemetery. On coming to Pike county,
Thomas Gray settled in New Salem township
after a three months' residence in Griggsville.

He purchased land from the government; and
his son Thomas still has the patent to that land,
signed by Martin Van Buren, then president of
the United States. Mr. Gray owned three hun-
dred and twenty acres, and was extensively en-
gaged in farming, and also conducted a black-
smith shop upon his place. He improved his
land, made additions to the house and developed
an excellent farm not far from the present home
of Thomas B. Gray. His attention was largely
given to the cultivation of wheat; and he also
raised hogs. He was practical in his methods,
systematic in his work and therefore successful
in his accomplishment. In community affairs he
was deeply interested, and did all in his power
to promote public progress and improvement. He
served as county treasurer about 1870; and his
influence was ever given on the side of progress,
reform and general advancement. In his family
were five children : Thomas B., of this review ;
Marion, who is living in California: Ann, de-
ceased ; Theodore, a resident of Pittsfield ; and
Alabama, who has also departed this life.

Thomas B. Gray was a youth of about nine
years when brought by his parents to Illinois,
and in the common schools of Pike county he ac-
quired his education. He was reared to farm la-
bor, early becoming familiar with the work of
field and meadow, as he assisted his father in the
operation of the home farm. He purchased a
part of his present property in 1862, and has since
lived thereon, developing a splendid farm, the
boundaries of which he has extended until he now
owns three hundred and forty acres of valuable
land in New Salem township. He erected a two-
story residence, constituting one of the most beau-
tiful and attractive homes in the township. In
the rear of this are good barns and outbuildings,
and these in turn are surrounded by well tilled
fields. His farm is under a high state of cultiva-
tion and is well improved. He raises sheep, hogs
and mules, and is well known as a stock dealer.
He also gives personal supervision to the opera-
tion of his farm, and annually sells good crops,
which add materially to his bank account.

In 1863 Mr. Gray was united in marriage to
Miss Martha A. Tedrow, who was born July 10,
1844, in New Salem township, not far from the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

567

birthplace of her husband. She is a daughter
of Asa and Sarah (Davis) Tedrow. Her father
came to Pike county in 1836, thus casting in his lot
with its pioneer residents ; and he, too, gave his
time and energies to farming. In his family were
five children, of whom three are now living,
namely: Mrs. Gray; Samuel, who resides in
New Salem township ; and Mrs. Mary Bradbury,
who is living in Pike county, Missouri. Mr. and
Mrs. Gray have a family of eight children : Al-
fred R., who married Sarah Shaffner and is liv-
ing in New Salem township ; Iva E., the wife of
Samuel Laird, also a resident of New Salem
township; Edgar F., of California; Ora M., the
wife of Charles Bennett, a resident farmer of
Griggsville township; Ralph B., who married
Mabel Wood and lives upon the home farm ; Ev-
erett E., who is now in California; C. May at
home ; and Vera Pearl, who is also under the pa-
rental roof. The children have been afforded good
educational privileges, and are thus well quali-
fied for life's practical and responsible duties. Al-
fred attended business college in Jacksonville,
Illinois. Ralph was a student in Whipple Acad-
emy at Jacksonville. Everett learned the jew-
eler's trade in Peoria, and May was for two years
a student in the Woman's College at Jacksonville.
Mr. and Mrs. Gray and their family are de-
voted members of the Methodist church, to which
he is a liberal contributor; and he gives his po-
litical support to the prohibition party, but was
formerly a democrat. He has served as school
director, assessor and collector; and is interested
in all that pertains to the welfare and improve-
ment of his community. He is also devoted to
the welfare of his family, and his efforts in their
behalf have been far-reaching and beneficial. It
is no unusual thing in this country for a man to
work his way upward from a humble position to
one of affluence, but each one who does this de-
serves commendation ; for it shows his strength
of character, his earnest purpose and unremitting
diligence. Realizing that those qualities consti-
tute the basis of financial advancement, Mr. Gray
directed his efforts along those lines, and found
that they were substantial elements for the build-
ing of prosperity. In the community where he
resides he is popular; and he has a wide and fa-

vorable acquaintance throughout the county.
Moreover, he is numbered among its pioneer
settlers, having through sixty years resided within
its borders. This has covered almost the entire
period of its development and progress ; and the
changes which have been wrought have trans-
formed it from a wild frontier region into a
thickly settled district, giving every evidence of
progress and prosperity. His memory goes back
to the time when much of the farm labor was done
by hand, when travel was by private conveyance
or by stage and when few of the comforts and
luxuries now common were to be enjoyed. His
father broke his land with nine yoke of oxen ;
and hauled his grain to Hannibal, which city, in
those early days, was the nearest market. His
mind forms a connecting link between the primi-
tive past and the progressive present ; and no man
rejoices more sincerely in what has been accom-
plished, as the years have gone by, than does
Thomas B. Gray.

SYLVESTER S. GAINES.

Sylvester S. Gaines is the owner of a valuable
farm of two hundred and forty-five acres in the
midst of which stands a fine home. This place is
located on sections 18 and 19, Barry township,
and its well improved appearance indicates his
careful supervision. He was born in Kinder-
hook township, July 25, 1860, and was educated
in the public schools, and in a business college at
Hannibal, Missouri. His parents were Samuel B.
and Mary A. (Fitzpatrick) Gaines. The fa-
ther is the owner of a large farm in Kinderhook
township. He was born in Otsego county, New
York, April 19, 1821, and was a son of Ebene-
zer Gaines, a pioneer of that district, who was a
native of Kentucky, in which state he was reared.
He wedded Ann Blakesley, also a native of Con-
necticut. They were married in Hartford county,
and afterward removed to New York, where Ebe-
nezer Gaines followed farming until his death,
at the age of thirty-five years. In his family were
six children, three sons and three daughters. Of
this number Samuel B. Gaines was the fourth

568

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

child and third son. He remained in the Empire
state until twenty-one years of age, when he went
to Ohio, where he engaged in the clock business
for a time. Subsequently he continued in the
same line in Tennessee for eighteen months. After
his return to Ohio, he was married in June, 1844,
to Miss Margaret M. Twaddle, a native of Huron
county, Ohio. They came to Pike county soon
afterward; and Mrs. Gaines died here March 6,
1849. Mr. Gaines afterward wedded Mary Fitz-
patrick, who was born in Butler county, Ohio,
February 8, 1831, and in 1838 came to Pike
county with her parents, Thomas and Lydia Fitz-
patrick, who were pioneer settlers of Kinder-
hook township. In their family were ten chil-
dren. Mrs. Gaines was reared in the usual man-
ner of the pioneer times ; and her education was
acquired in a log schoolhouse.

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel B. Gaines had two sons
and four daughters, namely : E. N. Gaines, of
Kinderhook, Illinois; Minnie Jeffries, of Monroe
City, Missouri ; Mrs. A. J. Ligett, of Barry, Illi-
nois; Mrs. J. W. Clutch, Kinderhook, Illinois;
Miss Lydia A. Gaines, Kinderhook, Illinois.

It was in 1846 that Samuel Gaines arrived in
Illinois; and the following year he was joined
by his wife, their home being established on sec-
tion 26, Kinderhook township, on a tract of land
of one hundred and ninety acres. There he re-
sided until 1860, when he turned his attention
to merchandising in the village of Kinderhook,
at the same time carrying on his farming pursuits.
As his financial resources increased he made ex-
tensive investments in land ; and at one time had
six hundred acres, but has since disposed of much
of this at a good price, still retaining, however,
three hundred and thirty-seven and a half acres.
He likewise handled grain ; and this proved a
good business undertaking. His farm is well
equipped with all modern accessories and con-
veniences ; and he has an attractive home in Kin-
derhook, beside four other dwellings and a sub-
stantial store building. His life has been one of
untiring industry and enterprise, and though he
started out in life empty-handed, he is now one
of the substantial residents of the county. In
all of his business dealings he has been straight-
forward and honorable, and in public life has

manifested the utmost loyalty to the trust reposed
in him. He has been called to various township
offices, and has been for many years postmaster
of Kinderhook. He belongs to the Masonic fra-
ternity, votes with the republican party and is
one of the leading members of the Baptist church,
in which he has long held office.

Sylvester S. Gaines was reared under the pa-
ternal roof, attended the public schools, and early
became familiar with the duties and labors that
fall to the lot of the agriculturist. On the 28th
of December, 1883, he married Miss Frances
Grubb, a daughter of LaFayette and Temperance
(Coleman) Grubb. Her father was born in Ken-
tucky in 1818, and died in June, 1893, while his
wife, who was born in Virginia in 1818, passed
away in May, 1892. He was a son of the Hon.
Alfred Grubb, one of the first settlers of Pike
county. LaFayette Grubb came to- this county
with his parents when a young lad, and later re-
moved to Peru, LaSalle county, Illinois, where he
married and followed his trade as a plasterer and
stone mason. At one time he was the owner of
a half block in the city of Peru. Unto him and
his wife were born four daughters : Isabelle, the
wife of William Morrow, a resident of Peru, Illi-
nois ; Emma, the wife of Wilson J. Morrow, also
of that city; Angeline, the wife of Leonard
Frink, of Peru ; and Mrs. Gaines, who was born
October 26, 1858.

After Mr. Gaines had completed his education,
he worked for his father, clerking in a store. In
1 88 1 he purchased forty acres of land, and car-
ried on farming on the old homestead. Subse-
quent to his marriage, he added to his landed pos-
sessions until at the present time he owns two
hundred and forty-five acres, which he is cultivat-
ing. He has his fields well tilled ; and he annually
harvests good crops. He has built a fine resi-
dence, in the rear of which stand good barns and
other outbuildings ; and the farm is pleasantly lo-
cated three-fourths of a mile east of Kinderhook.
He is a breeder of Belgian draft horses, and also
the Bashaw stock of fine drivers, Shropshire
sheep and Poland China hogs. He is like-
wise a buyer and feeder of cattle and as a stock-
man has become well known. He also has a large
commercial orchard in section 18.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Gaines has been born one
daughter, Irma A., born October 6, 1891. In
his political views Mr. Gaines is a republican.
Both he and his wife are members of the Baptist
church at Kinderhook, and he belongs to
Kinderhook lodge, No. 757, I. O. O. F.,
in which he has acted as noble grand,
while both he and his wife are members
of Chrysanthemum lodge, No. 133, of the Re-
bekah degree. He has acted as road commissioner,
but otherwise has held no office, preferring to
devote his time and energies to his business affairs,
and is a well known farmer of the community
who has worked diligently and persistently as
the years have gone by until success crowned
his efforts and he is the owner of a good and
productive property.

WILLIAM L. OAKLEY.

William L. Oakley, living in Pleasant Hill,
was for years a prosperous farmer and stock-
raiser, but is now living retired. He has lived
in this county since 1867, having arrived here
when about twenty-eight years of age. His birth
occurred in Meigs county, Ohio, on the 23d of
September, 1839, his parents being Bennett and
Phebe (Humphry) Oakley, both of whom were
natives of the state of New York, where they
were reared and married. Removing westward
to Ohio, they became pioneer settlers of Meigs
county. The paternal grandfather, Daniel Oakley,
was a soldier of the Revolutionary war. Bennett
Oakley followed the occupation of farming and
and also owned and operated a sawmill, being
thus connected with industrial as well as agricul-
tural pursuits in his home locality. He developed
a good farm in Meigs county, reared his family
thereon and gave his attention to the tilling of
the soil for a long period. He reached the very
advanced age of ninety-three years and his wife
survived him for ten years, being about the same
age at the time of her demise. In their family
were ten children, nine of whom reached adult
age, but only five are now living, namely : Mrs.
Mary Armstrong, of Kansas; Mrs. Abigail

Anderson, also of Kansas; Lucian and Orion,
both of Missouri.

William L. Oakley of this review spent the
days of his boyhood upon the old home farm in
Meigs county, Ohio. His educational privileges
were quite limited, but his training at farm labor
was not meager and he continued to assist in the
work of the fields until after the inauguration of
the Civil war, when in August, 1862, he res-
ponded to his country's call for aid, enlisting in
Company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio
Volunteer Infantry. A large part of this com-
pany was made up in the schoolroom and the
teacher, Edwin Keyes, was elected captain. Mr.
Oakley participated in the battle of Morefield
and was afterward on detached duty. Becoming
ill with measles he was sent to the hospital at
Cumberland, Maryland, and later was honor-
ably discharged in May, 1863, on account of
physical disability.

Returning to his home in Ohio, where he re-
cuperated, Mr. Oakley was then married in No-
vember, 1864, to Miss Sarah Griffin, who was
born, reared and educated in Athens county,
Ohio. Her father, Daniel Griffin, was also a
native of that county and was married there to
Rhoda Fleak, who was also born in the Buckeye
state. Following his marriage Mr. Oakley re-
sided in Ohio for two years and in 1867 came
to Illinois, settling in Pike county, where he
engaged in the cultivation of a rented farm for
several years. During that time he carefully
saved his earnings and then purchased seventy
acres of land, after which he began the improve-
ment of this property which he transformed into
a highly cultivated tract. He has built upon this
a good house, has fenced the place, has planted
an orchard and in connection with the tilling of
the soil he raised and fed stock. In 1891, how-
ever, he sold the farm and removed to Pleasant
Hill, where he purchased a lot and erected a neat
substantial residence, which he now occupies.

Unto Mr. and Mrs Oakley have been born three
children : Charles, who was postmaster at Pleas-
ant Hill about thirteen years resigning on account
of poor health and is now living in the state of
Washington ; Lucian E., who is married to Archie
R. Taylor, of St. Louis, Missouri, and follows

57°

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

furniture and undertaking business in Pleasant
Hill ; and Clarence, who was married to Winona
Harvey, of Nebo, Illinois, and holds a position
in the Pleasant Hill post office. They have one
son, Everett E. The family have long occupied
an enviable position in social circles in this com-
munity.

Politically Mr. Oakley is a republican and his
sons have followed in his footsteps in this direct-
ion. He has been without aspiration for office,
however, preferring that his time and energies
should be given to other interests. He and his
wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal
church of Pleasant Hill and he holds relations
with the Knights of Honor, the Modern Wood-
men and the .Grand Army post at Pleasant Hill.
He is one of the few surviving veterans of the
Civil war and he takes great pleasure in meeting
with his old army comrades around the camp
fires held by the post in this village. In a review
of his life work it is seen that his chief character-
istics have been commendable and that in his
relations with his fellowmen he has never been
neglectful of the duties nor obligations which
devolve upon him. He has taken life seriously,
has performed his full share of the world's work
and as a citizen and business man has made a
creditable record. Now in the evening of life
he is enabled to enjoy a well earned rest amid
the comforts and luxuries which go to make life
worth living.

GEORGE E. GRAY.

George E. Gray, one of the enterprising and
progressive young business men of New Canton,
owns and controls a good lumberyard and at the
same time has valuable farming interests in the
county. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Janu-
ary 10, 1 88 1. and is the adopted son of Eugene
and Lydia Gray, natives of this county. Eugene
Gray was born in Barry in September, 1839, and
for a number of years prior to his death was the
oldest native citizen of the town. He was de-
scended from one of the early New England fam-
ilies, tracing his ancestry back to John Gray, who
was born in Salem, Connecticut, in 1/04, and who

was the father of Daniel Gray, whose birth oc-
curred in the same state in 1757. The latter became
a resident of Rensselaer county, New York, where
Thomas Gray, father of Eugene Gray, was born
in 1812, being the youngest in a family of thirteen
children. In that county he was married to Mary
F. Crandall, whose birth occurred in the same lo-
cality in 1820, and for more than a half century
they traveled life's journey together, rearing a
family of three sons and seven daughters. On
leaving New York Thomas Gray came at once
to Pike county, Illinois, traveling by canal, lake
and river after the primitive manner of those early
times. He began business in Barry as a general
farmer, and for many years was actively associ-
ated with the agricultural development of this
part of the state.

Eugene Gray was reared in Barry and in early
life began teaching but subsequently turned his
attention to clerking and to various other business
pursuits, but when his capital justified his pur-
chase of a store he began business on his own ac-
count in Barry, thus continuing a representative
of trade interests until after the outbreak of the
Civil war, when his patriotic spirit was aroused
and he offered his services to the government, be-
coming one of the boys in blue of the Sixty-
eighth Illinois Infantry in 1862. He was after-
ward a member of the Twenty-Eighth Illinois In-
fantry and he continued at the front until April,
1866, when he was mustered out at Brownsville,
Texas, being honorably discharged at Springfield.
He participated in a number of engagements and
sieges, the last being that of Mobile and he was
ever a faithful soldier, unfaltering in his loyalty
to the old flag and the cause it represented.

When the country no longer needed his aid
Mr. Gray returned to his home and resumed the
pursuits of agricultural life and until 1867 busied
himself as a teacher and clerk. He next entered
into partnership with W. H. Odiorne and at the
end of a year he sold out to Mr. M. D. Massie but
remained in the store as a clerk. A year later he
entered into partnership with Mr. Massie and
they continued the business together with grati-
fying success until 1883, when Mr. Gray sold out
with the intention of going west but he did not
find a favorable location and returned to New

EUGENE GRAY

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

Canton, again becoming a merchant of the town.
He prospered as a representative of commercial
interests and in other business lines as well. He
sold railroad ties for a number of years, employ-
ing on an average of thirty men in getting out
these ties and he had full control of the trade
for the Quincy & Louisiana branch of the Chi-
cago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad.

Tn 1860 Mr. Gray cast his first presidential bal-
lot for Abraham Lincoln and continued a stanch
republican, serving twice as a delegate to the
state conventions, while his opinions carried
weight and influence in the local councils of his
party. He filled the office of supervisor and
treasurer of Pleasant Vale township and was also
postmaster of New Canton. Socially he was con-
nected with the Odd Fellows lodge at Barry.
with the Modern Woodmen of America and the
•Grand Army of the Republic and of all these was
an exemplary and valued representative. His wife
held membership in the Methodist Episcopal
church. On the 8th of January, 1878. Mr. Gray
was married to Lydia R. Ware, who was born
in Barry, February 28, 1847, and acquired her
education in the public schools here, her parents
being Isaac and Mary Ware, who in 1839 became
residents of this locality. Mr. Ware was born
in New Jersey but was reared in Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania, where he learned the shoemaker's
trade and his death occurred in Barry in 1876.
His wife, a native of Baltimore, Maryland, spent
her girlhood days in that city and in Philadel-
phia. Mrs. Gray was the tenth in order of birth
in a family of eleven children. She had no chil-
dren of her own but reared an adopted daughter
and son, Jennie and George E. Gray. The latter
was but eight months old when brought by his
foster parents to Pike county and here he was
reared and in their home received every care and
attention that would have been bestowed upon an
own child, his warmest affection therefore being
aroused for his foster parents. As he grew in
age and knowledge he became associated with
Mr. Gray in his business enterprises and is his
successor in different lines of trade here. He is
now the proprietor of a large and well equipped
lumberyard and receives in this line a good pat-
ronage, while at the same time he gives careful

supervision to his farming interests, which are
represented by many acres, constituting a splen-
did farm which is well improved. Both branches
of his business are returning him a gratifying
income and he is justly accounted one of the
active and enterprising men of New Canton.

On the I5th of April, 1902, he was married to
Miss Maude E. Myers, a daughter of William
Myers, Jr., one of the practical and prosperous
farmers of Barry township. His parents were
William and Mary (Wike) Myers and his grand-
father and great-grandfather both bore the name
of Jacob Myers. The last mentioned was supposed
to have been a native of Lancaster county, Penn-
sylvania, whence he removed to Cumberland
county, where he developed a farm and carried on
blacksmithing. He was married to Margaret
Marat and thej^son, Jacob Myers, was born in
Cufnberjand county in 1795. Ultimately he be-
came the owner of Jhe old farm homestead there,
upon which he resided 'until 1848, when he came
to Pike county, where his death occurred at the
age of seventy-six years. He married Lydia
Lyne, a daughter of William Lyne, a native of
Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, where her
death occurred.

William Myers, Sr., grandfather of Mrs. Gray,
was born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania,
July 15, 1819, and came to Illinois in 1848, living
in New Salem township for five years and then
removed to the farm upon which William Myers,
Jr., now resides. He was married in 1844 to
Miss Mary Wike, a native of Cumberland county,
Pennsylvania, and a daughter of George and
Mary Wike. Thus the Myers family became
identified with the history of the county in early
pioneer times. William Myers, Jr., has always
devoted his attention to general agricultural pur-
suits, living coninuously in Pike county with the
exception of one year spent in the stock business
in Texas. He has good fanning interests in
Barry and Pleasant Yale townships and is one of
the representative agriculturists of the locality.
In 1880 he married Pauline Bright who was born
in Pike county, October 2, 1858, a daughter of
William and Rosella (Osburg) Bright. Mr.
and Mrs. Myers became the parents of five chil-
dren, the second daughter being Maude, now the

574

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

wife of George Gray, bf New Canton. They now
have an interesting little son, William Elliott.
Both Mr. and Mrs. Gray have many warm
friends in this locality and their attractive home
is justly celebrated for its warm-hearted and
gracious hospitality.

DELBERT S. KENNEDY.

Delbert S. Kennedy, a native son of Pike
county, was born on the 2d of August, 1865, a°d
is a son of John Kennedy, for many years a
representative and well known citizen of this
part of the state where he took up his abode in
pioneer times. He was born in Huntingdon
county, Pennsylvania, October 15, 1802, his par-
ents being Gilbert and Jane (Aptleby) Kennedy,
the former a native of Ireland and the latter of
Pennsylvania. When only seven years of age
Gilbert Kennedy was brought to the United
States by his parents, who located in Pennsylvania,
where he was reared. Following his marriage
he lived in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania,
until his death, which occured when he was more
than ninety-five years of age, and his wife trav-
eled to a similar extent upon the journey of life.
They were faithful members of the Presbyterian
church.

John Kennedy was the eldest son in his
father's family and was reared to farm life. He
also followed teaming in early manhood and
operated a stage line in Illinois for some years
after his arrival here in 1836. He was well
known in different parts of the state in this con-
nection his most important route, however, being
between Quincy and Naples. Later he concen-
trated his energies upon the improvement of a
farm in Griggsville township, purchasing a tract
of land on which the work of cultivation had
scarcely been begun when it came into his pos-
session. His farm comprised three hundred and
twenty acres and he devoted his time and energies
to its improvement until his death, which occurred
October 3, 1883. Mr. Kennedy was married
in early manhood to Miss Sarah J. Morrow,
whose birth occurred in Franklin countv, Penn-

sylvania, February 16, 1822, her parents being
Michael and Elizabeth (Stark) Morrow, who
were natives of New Jersey and were of Irish
lineage. They removed to Franklin county, Ohio,
when young people and were married there, after
which they located upon a farm. Mrs. Morrow
died in 1850, at the age of sixty-three years, in
the faith of the Presbyterian church of which
she was a devoted member. Following her death
Mr. Morrow came to Illinois, spending his last
days in the home of his daughter, Mrs. Kennedy,
and passed away in 1852, at the age of sixty-four
years. He voted with the democracy and was
a member of the Presbyterian church. His
daughter, Mrs. Kennedy, was carefully reared
and in her early life acquired a good
education which qualified her for teaching, which
profession she followed for several years in Penn-
sylvania, and also subsequent to her removal to
Pike county, which occurred when she was
twenty-three years of age. Both Mr. and Mrs.
Kennedy 'were members of the Methodist Epis-
copal church ; and he voted with the republican
party. They became the parents of nine chil-
dren, one of whom died in infancy. The others
are : Calvin A., who married Miss Ida Ingalsbe
and resides in Missouri, where he follows farm-
ing; James M., who wedded Mary Wheeler and
lives in New Salem township; Nancy, living at
home ; Hardin J., who wedded Mary Belle
Syphers and lives in Moscow, Idaho; Albert,
who married Ella Schaffner and resides in Mays-
ville, Pike county : Oliver, who wedded Maggie
Elliot and makes his home in Brown county,
Illinois ; Stanton, who married Orpha Dunham
and his living in Griggsville; and Delbert S.,
of this review.

In the public schools of Pike county Delbert
S. Kennedy acquired his education and upon the
home farm has always remained. He now owns
one hundred and sixty acres of land in Kansas
in addition to a valuable tract of land of three
hundred and ten acres in Griggsville township,
to which he gives his personal supervision and
attention. He carries on general farming and
stock-raising and he also buys, feeds and ships
stock. He is living upon the home place with
his mother and sister Nancy and he manages the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

575

home property, which returns a good income,
large crops being annually harvested, in
return for the care and labor bestowed
upon the fields. Mr. Kennedy is a repub-
lican in politics and he is a member of the ( )riem
Anti-Horse Thief Association. In his business
affairs he has been very successful, being watch-
ful of every opportunity pointing to prosperity
and his earnest and well directed labors have
made him one of the foremost farmers of this
part of the state.

THOMAS HULL.

Thomas Hull, a retired farmer of Fairmount
township, was born in Ross county. Ohio, June
20, 1830, and was a son of Samuel and Sophia
Hull. The parents died during the early child-
hood of their son Thomas, who then went to
live with a half-brother, John Hull, with whom
he remained until twenty-one years of age. He
then left Ohio and came to Pike county, Illinois,
in 1845, in company with his half-brother, who
settled near the present home of our subject, pur-
chasing there one hundred and sixty acres of land,
which he converted into a good farm. He after-
ward removed to Adams county, where he died.

Following his removal to Illinois, Thomas Hull
rented land for a time and then when he had
earned sufficient capital to purchase a farm he
made investment in property and has since bought
and sold several farms. In February, 1865, he
purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land
where he now resides and here he has lived con-
tinuously since. The farm was partially improved
when it came into his possession and he con-
tinued clearing the place and adding to it modern
equipments and accessories. He is engaged in
raising stock in connection with the tilling of
the soil.

Thomas Hull was united in marriage to Miss
Elizabeth Bowman, who was born in Scott county,
Illinois, on the i8th of December, 1830, and died
September 2, 1901. She was a daughter of Curtis
Bowman, a farmer of New Salem township, who
came to Pike county at an early day and was
classed with the leading; farmers of his com-

munity. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hull have been born
twelve children, of whom five are now living :
Sarah, who married Ed Coss and resides in
Hannibal, Missouri ; Minnie, who is the wife of
David Fee and lives in Barry; Flora, the wife
of Harvey Love, a resident of Oklahoma; Ida
M., who married John Ewing and lives in La
Prairie, Illinois; and Cyrus B., who married
Susie Stauffer, a daughter of William -Stauffer,
of Griggsville. They reside with his father and
the son operates the farm. They have three
daughters : Eva, Beulah and Nina.

Mr. Hull is not actively engaged in work at
the -present time because of ill health, but in
former years he led a busy and useful life and
all of his property has been acquired through his
own efforts. In politics he is a democrat, always
earnest and loyal in his support of the party.
For twenty-four years he was justice of the
peace and at one time was collector. He was
also township commissioner for a long period and
in discharging the duties of the office was prompt
and faithful, his course reflecting credit upon
himself and proving entirely satisfactory to his
constituents. He is a member of the Masonic
lodge, No. 218, of New Salem, and the chapter
at Perry, Illinois. Mrs. Hull belonged to the
United Brethren church, of which Mr. Hull is
still a member. He has led an earnest Christian
life, .characterized by honesty in his business
dealings and loyalty in citizenship, and as the
years have gone by he has made a record which
classes him with the respected and worthy
citizen of Pike county.

DARIUS W. INGALLS.

Darius W. Ingalls has since 1886 resided upon
his present farm of two hundred .and sixty-seven
acres, where he is extensively engaged in stock-
raising, his business interests being so managed
that he is now one of the prosperous represent-
atives of this line of activity in Pike county. He
was born in Griggsville township, October 28,
1846, his parents being William M. and Rebecca
(Elledge) Ingalls, natives of New .York and

576

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Kentucky respectively. The father was born May
28, 1819, and in' 1824, when a youth of five years
was brought to Illinois by his parents, Mr. and
Mrs. Darius Ingalls, who reached Jacksonville
when there was only one log cabin in the town.
He pursued his early education in the subscrip-
tion schools of that period and shared with the
family in the usual hardships and privations of
pioneer life, also aiding in the arduous task of
bringing new land under cultivation. He re-
mained at home until twenty-four years of age
and was then married to Miss Rebecca Elledge,
whose birth occurred March 26, 1825. They
began their domestic life 'in Perry township,
where Mn Ingalls purchased eighty acres of land
from his father. Eventually he sold that property
and became the owner of one hundred and forty
acres which he cultivated and improved until
1864, when he sold out and removed to Iowa.
At a later date, however, he returned to Perry
township, Pike county, and invested in a farm
which continued to be his place of residence
until 1885, when he sold that property and re-
moved to the village of Perry, where he spent
his remaining days in honorable retirement from
labor. He had for many years been engaged
quite extensively in the breeding of sheep, which
he found to be a profitable industry. He voted
with the whig party in early life and after its
dissolution joined the ranks of the republican
party. He passed away March 26, 1892, his
remains being interred in Perry cemetery by
the side of his wife, who died on the 28th of
December, 1883. In their family were five sons
and five daughters, of whom the living are Pris-
cilla. Darius W., James E., Helen, Charles M.,
Xettie, Wilson A. and Walter C.

Pike county had hardly advanced beyond its
pioneer epoch when Darius W. Ingalls made his
way each morning from his father's home to the
subscription schools. Later the public-school
system was organized and he benefited thereby,
gaining a fair English education to prepare him
for life's practical and responsible duties. His
training at farm labor was not meager for from
an early age he worked upon the old homestead,
assisting his father in the labors of the fields un-
til nineteen years of age, when he began earn-

ing his own living by working as a farm hand
in the neighborhood. When his work had brought
him sufficient capital he purchased forty acres of
land in Fairmount township, living thereon for
four and a half years from 1875. He then re-
moved to Perry township, after selling his former
property, continuing upon his present farm from
1879 until 1883, when he took up his abode upon
the farm which is now his place of residence
and which comprises two hundred and sixty
acres of land. The soil is alluvial and returns
good harvests for the care and cultivation be-
stowed upon the fields. Mr. Ingalls is also well
known as an enterprising and successful stock-
raiser and he likewise buys and feeds stock. He
raises from one hundred to one hundred and
twenty-five head of hogs each year and buys
and feeds about a carload each year. He also
breeds a number of mules and draft horses, and
is recognized as a leading and enterprising' stock
farmer of this part of the state.

On the 22d of April, 1868, Mr. Ingalls was
married to Miss Ellen Barlow, who was born
in Fulton county, Illinois, December 26, 1849,
a daughter of Franklin and Elizabeth (Walker)
Barlow, who were born, reared and married in
Kentucky and spent their last days in Pike
county, having come to Illinois at an early date.
They were pioneer residents of Fulton county
and in the '6os removed thence to Pike county,
where Mr. Barlow devoted his energies to gen-
eral agricultural pursuits. His study of the
political questions and issues of the day lead him
to give his endorsement to democratic principles.
He died in 1865. In the family were four daugh-
ters and a son; Martha, Mary, Mrs. Ingalls.
Andrew J. and Margaret. After losing his
first wife Mr. Barlow married Mrs. Hannah
Parker, and of this union was born one child.
Mr. and Mrs. Ingalls have become the parents
of seven children but three died in infancy.
Those still living are Lillian, Royal H., Clyde
B. and Bernice.

Mr. Ingalls is connected with various fra-
ternal organizations of which he is a valued repre-
sentative. He has been a member of the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows for ten years
and is a charter member of the Knights of

PAST .VXD I'KKSENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

577

Pythias lodge at Perry. He also belongs to Rush
lodge of the Anti-Horse Thief Association and
to the Pike County Mutual Life Association, of
which he is grand president. He is also con-
nected with the Modern Woodmen of America
and is a member of the Christian church. In the
faithful performance of each day's duties that
devolve upon him in connection with his business
he has found that success is not the result of ge-
nius but results rather from experience, close
application and earnest purpose, and his laudable
ambition has also been a salient feature in his
career.

H. F. WELLS.

H. F. Wells, one of the prosperous farmers
and stock-feeders of Pleasant Hill township, owns
a well improved tract of land on the old Pleasant
Hill and Quincy state road. The farm lies on
sections 7, 8, and 18, Pleasant Hill township, and
is neat and thrifty in its appearance. Mr. Wells
is a native son of Pike county, having been born
upon the farm where he yet resides June 4, 1864.
His paternal grandfather, Richard Wells, removed
with his family from Kentucky to Missouri in
1817, locating first in St. Louis county and after-
ward in Pike county, that state, whence he sub-
sequently came to Pike county, Illinois, being one
of the early settlers of Pleasant Hill township.

Perry Wells, father of our subject, was born
in Kentucky, January 27, 1814, and was therefore
but three years of age when taken by his parents
to Missouri, in which state he was reared and
educated. He was twice married, his second
union being with Katherine Fesler, a daughter
of Henry Fesler, a native of Kentucky and one
of the early settlers of this county. Perry Wells
located in Pike county, Illinois, in 1837, settling
on the farm now owned and occupied by Harry
Wells of this review. He cleared his land, erected
good buildings and developed the farm, trans-
forming the wild prairie into richly cultivated
fields. He was a diligent man, becoming a well-
to-do agriculturist, whose property embraced a
large and well improved farm upon which he

made his home up to the time of his death in
1890. By his first marriage there were six
children, namely : Mrs. Ruth Allen ; Richard
Wells, who is living in Arkansas ; Mrs. Dr. J.
Smith Thomas, who is mentioned elsewhere in
this work; George Wells; Mrs. P. F. Barton,
living in Arkansas ; and Alretta, the wife of J.
H. Webster, of Tennessee. By the father's second
marriage there were two children: Harry F.,
of this review ; and Mrs. Dr. A. J. Alcorn, of
Chicago.

Harry F. Wells was reared upon the old family
homestead and after attending the common schools
continued his studied in the high school at Griggs-
ville and in the State University at .Bloomington,
Illinois. He was thus well qualified by liberal
intellectual training for life's practical and re-
sponsible duties and when his education was com-
pleted he returned to the home farm, of which
he took charge, carrying on the place for some
time.

On the 1 5th of February, 1897, in Kalamazoo
county, Michigan, Mr. Wells was united in mar-
riage to Miss Helen E. Lewis, a most estimable
and well educated young lad)r. Her father,
Maxson Lewis, was a native of New York, where
he spent his childhood and youth. In 1858 he
removed westward, settling in Kalamazoo county,
Michigan, where he afterward wedded Mary E.
Smoke, also a native of the Empire state. Mrs.
Wells was educated in the Galesburg (Michigan)
high school and in the Michigan State Normal
School at Ypsilanti, while later she became a
relief teacher in that institution. She engaged
in teaching for several years in Michigan prior
to her marriage and was regarded as one of the
capable representatives of the profession. Unto
Mr. and Mrs. Wells has been born a son, Maxson
T. Wells. The parents are members of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church of Pleasant Hill
and Mrs. Wells is an active worker * in the
Sunday-school, being now the teacher of a Bible
class of young men. Mr. Wells also affiliates
with Pleasant Hill lodge, A. F. & A. M. and
.with the chapter and commandery at Pittsfield
and in his life exemplifies the basic elements of
the craft which was founded upon principles of
brotherly kindness and mutual helpfulness. Both

578

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Mr. and Mrs. Wells are highly esteemed and
their influence is ever found on the side of right,
progress and improvement.

FARRELL CONWAY.

Farrell Conway, the genial and popular pro-
prietor of the Barry Hotel, which was opened
to the public in November, 1905, and is a modern
hostelry, which would be a credit to a city of
much larger size, was born in England, February
4, 1842, and is a son of William and Mary
Conway, who were likewise natives of that
country. The father died in 1842 and the mother,
long surviving him, passed away in February,
1871.

Farrell Conway spent the days of his boyhood
and youth in his native land and in 1862, crossed
the Alantic to America. The following year he
enlisted for service in the Union Army while still
an English subject, being enrolled at St. Louis,
Missouri, on the 26th of May, 1863, to serve
for three years or during the war. He was mus-
tered into the United States service in that city
as a private under command of Captain Fred
Hanson, of Company H, Fourth Regiment of
Missouri Cavalry, Colonel George E. Waring
commanding. This regiment was formed in
January, 1862, by the consolidation of Fremont
Hussars, Major Wright's battalion of cavalry
and the fragment of a battalion of cavalry raised
by and under the command of Colonel Woods
and was mustered into the service with George
E. Waring as colonel. In November of the same
year an order was issued to consolidate the Fourth
and Fifth regiments of Missouri Cavalry and that
organization was mustered into the service with
the following field officers: George E. Waring,
colonel; Gustavus VonHelmrich, lieutenant col-
onel ; and Gustavus Heinsrich, major. The
regiment was assigned to the cavalry division
of the sixteenth corps of the Army of the Ten-
nessee and during its service bore a gallant part
in the following engagements : Pea Ridge, Ar-
kansas; Cotton Plant, Arkansas; the Batesville
expedition ; the campaign in southwestern

Missouri; the pursuit of Price; Little Red
and White River ; Collierville ; Guntown or
Tupelo ; Jackson ; Vicksburg ; Clarendon ; In-
dependence ; Big Blue; Mine Creek; and
Maria des Cygnes. Pursuing the enemy to
Osage river and capturing one hundred men and
two pieces of artillery, the troops afterward re-
turned to Fort Scott, Kansas, whence the regiment
was ordered to Vicksburg, Mississippi, and after-
ward was at Memphis, Tennessee, Louisville,
Kentucky, and New Orleans and Greenville,
Louisiana, performing garrison duty until mus-
tered out of the service. Mr. Conway enlisted as
a recruit and joined his regiment at Columbus,
Kentucky, and when the regiment was consoli-
dated (recruits and veterans) into a battalion of
four companies in October, 1864, he was assigned
to Company B. He served on detached duty
throughout his entire term, being orderly for
Colonel Waring. He was wounded at Okalona,
Mississippi, by a gun shot in the right hand and
arm, causing permanent injury and was given
medical treatment in the regimental camp for the
wound. He was always found at his post of duty,
participating in all the engagements of his com-
mand during his term of enlistment and he ren-
dered valuable and meritorious service, achieving
a proud record for soldierly conduct at all times.
At New Orleans, Louisiana, on the I3th of No-
vember, 1865, he received an honorable discharge
by reason of the close of the war, returning to
his home with a most creditable military record.

When hostilities had ceased Mr. Conway came
to Barry and engaged in clerking for Crandall
Smith & Company, grocers of Barry, with whom
he continued for twenty-six years. No higher
testimonial of capability, faithful service and
trustworthiness could be given than the fact that
he was so long retained in one employ. He then
went into the poultry and egg business, shipping
those products to New York city. He afterward
became proprietor of a hotel in Barry and has
since continued in this business with gratifying
success. He is now proprietor of the Barry Hotel,
which was recently completed and opened to the
public in November, 1905. It is supplied with
all modern conveniences, including telephone,
furnace heat, inside closets, electric lights, hot

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

579

and cold baths and sample rooms. It is by far the
best hotel in Pike county and is a credit to its
owner and to the city in which it is located. Mr.
Conway has now had a number of years' ex-
perience in the hotel business, is thoroughly con-
versant with what is demanded in this direction
by the traveling public, and in conducting his
interests has largely followed the methods of the
pioneer, who seeks out a new idea and utilizes
every means at hand for the accomplishment of
his purpose. It is the aim of Mr. Conway and
his estimable wife to please all who patronize
them, and the hotel is certainly giving uniform
satisfaction.

Before leaving his native country, Mr. Conway
was married in England in 1861 to Miss Mary
Wilcox, by whom he had two children : Sarah,
who was born in England, January 22, 1863, and
is living at home ; and Celia, who was born Feb-
ruary 6, 1870, and is the wife of Abram Burton,
a resident of Barry. They have four sons: Roy,
born August 3, 1886; Farrell, July 22, 1888;
Lawrence, September 5, 1893 ; and Hershal, No-
vember 22, 1901. Mrs. Conway died in Decem-
ber, 1870, and on the 1st of February, 1874, Mr.
Conway was married in this county to Ann Hen-
derson, who was born in Ballamoney, County
Antrim, Ireland. Unto this marriage have been
born three children: Edward, who was born
April 28, 1876, married Maud Clingingsmith,
and they reside at Barry with their son, Marion
Farrell, born July 10, 1902. Mary, born July
28, 1878, died March 10, 1879. Clara, born April
8, 1 88 1, is the wife of Thomas Berry, a resident
of Barry, and they have one son, Edwin O., born
January 16, 1905.

In his political affiliation Mr. Conway is a
republican, but has never sought or desired office.
He and his wife are both members of the Baptist
church; and he is a prominent and influential
member of John McTucker post, No. 154, G. A.
R., in which he has held various offices, serving as
commander for one term, and as adjutant and
quartermaster for a number of terms. His wife
and two eldest daughters are active members
of John McTucker corps, No. 91, W. R. C. Mr.
Conway likewise belongs to the Ancient Order
of United Workmen, and has filled all the offices

in the lodge. He owns two houses and lots in
Barry, which he rents ; and these, in addition to
his hotel property, make him one of the substan-
tial residents of the community. Since coming to
America he has made a creditable position in the
business world, gaining the respect of all with
whom he has come in contact.

HERMAN H. GREIWE.

The German element in our American citizen-
ship has long .been recognized as an important
one, for the sons of the fatherland display many
qualities that work for good citizenship. They
are usually men of considerable capability, who
look at life from a practical standpoint and utilize
their opportunities to the best advantage. Of
this class Mr. Greiwe is a representative, and he
is now known as a prominent stock-dealer and
shipper of Pike county. He also owns three valu-
able farms here. He was born January 21, 1856,
in Germany, and attended the public schools of
his native land until thirteen years of age, when
he crossed the Atlantic to New York city. His
parents were Frederick and Elizabeth (Brink-
man) Greiwe, who were also natives of Germany;
and in August, 1869, the father sailed for the new
world with his three sons, the mother having died
in Germany in 1858. Frederick W. Greiwe event-
ually settled in Guttenberg, Iowa, where he died
in February, 1895. In the family were eight chil-
dren : Ernest, who is now following farming in
Perry township; Henry, who resides at Oldberg,
Germany; Fritz, who died in the fatherland;
Eleanora, who is living in that country; Mary,
the wife of Henry Fahling, of Guttenberg, Iowa ;
Frederick, who resides at Sioux Falls, South Da-
kota: William, who is living in Perry township;
and Herman H:

Herman H. Greiwe, bidding adieu to friends
and native land, came to the United States with
his father when thirteen years of age, and after-
ward worked as a farm hand until he reached the
age of nineteen years, when he began farming
on his own account. When twenty-three years of
age he was married on the 7th of April, 1881.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

to Miss Annie L. Lutz, who was born in Perry
township, October 6, 1858. Her father, Leonard
Lutz, was born in Germany, December 25, 1807,
and crossed the Atlantic on a sailing vessel to
New York city. Subsequently he came to Pike
county, settling north of the village of Perry,
in Perry township, upon a farm where he spent
his remaining days, engaged in the tilling of the
soil, and in raising stock. His religious faith was
indicated by his membership in the Methodist
Episcopal church, while his political views found
evidence in the support which he gave to the de-
mocracy. He married Miss Lucinda Baird, who
was born in Scott county, Illinois, March 10,
1826. His death occurred November 28, 1892,
while his wife passed away February 14, 1899.
They were the parents of eight children : Sarah,
now deceased; John, who is living in Sumner
county, 'Kansas ; William, who has also passed
away ; Frederick, a resident of California ; David,
who is living on the old homestead in Perry
township; Mary, the wife of Joseph Stoner, a
resident farmer of Perry township; Annie L.,
now Mrs. Greiwe; and George, who is living in
Oklahoma.

At the time of his marriage, Mr. Greiwe began
farming on his own account ; and the money which
he saved from his earnings he invested, in June.
1884, in one hundred and twenty acres of land in
Perry township. In 1891 he purchased another
farm of one hundred and sixty acres, and in
1902 a third farm of one hundred and eighty-
two acres adjoining the village limits on the
south. All these farms are well improved with
fine homes and with all modern conveniences.
There is running water in his house ; and he has
a reservoir from which a pipe line leads nearly a
half mile to his feed lot. He raises from four
to five hundred head of hogs each year ; and in
the summer of 1905 shipped two carloads, and
now has ready for shipment two carloads more.
He also feeds and ships from one to two carloads
of cattle each year: and he is a member of the
Perry Horse Company, of which he is manager
and treasurer; and in this connection h« has two
stallions, one Robert Wflkes and the other a Bel-
gian horse named Deor. All his hogs and cattle
are of high grades ; and at the present time he has

thirty-two head of horses and mules. He re-
cently sold one span of mules for three hundred
dollars. He is well known as a stock-breeder and
dealer ; and since entering farm life upon his
own account has had a prosperous career, each
year adding to his income until he is now one of
the leading agriculturists of this part of the state.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Greiwe were born three
children: Frank R., January 31, 1882; Rus-
sell A.. April 7, 1883; and Cora, September 18,
1885. They also have an adopted daughter, Mary
Meyer, who was four years of age on the 22d of
May, 1905. Mr. Greiwe has served as school
trustee. He belongs to Perry lodge, L O. O. F. :
and in politics is a stalwart democrat. He and his
wife are people of genuine worth, having a large
circle of friends : and the hospitality of their
pleasant home is greatly enjoyed by many who
know them. An investigation into the life record
of Mr. Greiwe shows that he has followed meth-
ods that are straightforward and principles that
will bear close investigation; and in his pros-
perous business career he has found that "hon-
esty is the best policy," and that "labor is the
source of all desirable success."

GEORGE CARNES

George Carnes is one of the most prominent
farmers and stock-raisers of Pike county, making
very extensive shipments of stock each vear. In
fact he is known throughout the state to stock
men and the extent and importance of his op-
erations in this line have also classed him with
the most substantial residents of this part of the
state. He represents one of the old pioneer fam-
ilies of Pike county and was born in Griggsville
township, September 16, 1858, his parents being
Richard and Guldy E. (Moore) Carnes. The
father was born June 23, 1832. in Harrison
county. Ohio, and became one of the large land
owners of Pike county, his realty possessions at
one time comprising eighteen hundred acres in
New Salem and Griggsville townships. He was
a son of John Carnes and a grandson of Thomas
and Elizabeth (Dunham) Carnes. who were born

MR. AND MRS. GEORGE CARNES

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

583

and reared in Maryland. The family, .however,
is originally of English lineage. Following his
marriage Thomas Carnes removed to Harrison
county, Ohio, and became a factor in its pioneer
development and early progress. As the years
passed his labors were crowned with a comfort-
able competence and he also rejoiced in what had
been accomplished in the county where he made
his home, for the evidences of frontier life had
been replaced by the conditions of an advanced
civilization. His loyalty in citizenship was mani-
fested by active service as a private in the war
of 1812 and also by equal loyalty in days of peace.
Both he and his wife were devoted members of
the United Brethren church and each lived to a
ripe old age.

John Carnes, grandfather of George Carnes
of this review, was born in Harrison county,
Ohio, in 1812, was reared to the occupation of.
farming and made that pursuit his life work. He
engaged in the tilling of the soil in his native
county until 1854, when he removed to Pike
county, Illinois, settling on a partially improved
farm in Griggsville township. His capital was
small but his industry and perseverance were un-
limited, and upon those qualities he builded his
success, becoming one of the substantial residents
of this part of the state. In his native county he
married Miss Eliza Nelson, who was also born
in Harrison county, Ohio, while her parents were
natives of Maryland and were of Scotch descent.
Both Mr. and Mrs. John Carnes belonged to the
United Brethren church, contributed liberally to
its support and aided effectively in its upbuilding
and the extension of its influence. His political alle-
giance was given to the whig party in early life.
He passed away in New Salem township in 1870,
having for some years survived his wife. In their
family were ten children, but one son was fatally
burned in childhood and another son was killed
by a log rolling upon him when eight years of
age. A daughter is also deceased.

Richard Carnes, the eldest of this family, wa^
reared upon the old homestead in Ohio, and early
acquired an excellent understanding of agricul-
tural affairs and a comprehension of business
matters which resulted in making him a capable
and prosperous agriculturist. His entire life

was devoted to farm work, and as his financial
resources increased he added from time to time to
his property.

Mrs. Carnes was born in Maryland, May 5, 1834,
and in her infancy was taken by her parents to
Harrison county, Ohio, and afterward to Adams
county, Illinois, whence they came to Pike county.
Here her father died at the age of seventy-fiVe
years, while her mother reached the advanced age
of eighty-three years. They had a large family.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Carnes were born the fol-
lowing named: Henry, Eliza, John, George,
Sarah, Edward, Mary, Salena and Dora.

Richard Carnes voted with the repub-
lican party; and he and his wife held mem-
bership in the United Brethren church. His
business career furnished an example well
worthy, of emulation to all who desire to win suc-
,.gess and who'' wish to do so along lines of honor-
able •'and- manly conduct. Although he achieved
a fortune his" pat}}, was never strewn with the
wreck of other men's fortunes, for he was
straightforward and just in his dealings and his
prosperity was the result of his close application
and judicious investment. He died in 1902 and
is still survived by his wife.

George Carnes spent the days of his boyhood
and youth under the parental roof and at the time
of his marriage started out upon an independent
business career, giving his attention to general
farming and stock-raising. He lived upon what
was known as the old Taylor place for seventeen
years, having purchased this property soon after
his marriage and in 1896 he removed to what is
known as the Sharp farm near the Wabash Rail-
road at Maysville, where he now resides. For
some years he has been extensively engaged in
buying, feeding and shipping stock, and associ-
ated with his brother, S. E. Carnes. he ships from
one hundred and fifty to two hundred carloads of
stock each year. Seldom a week passes that he
does not ship from two to five carloads, for which
he finds a ready sale upon the market, as he never
makes shipments until his stock is in excellent
condition. He is now farming seven hundred and
twenty acres of as finely improved land as can ue
found in Pike county. He attends all of the state
fairs of Illinois and many of the county fairs and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

is now president of the Illinois Valley Fair As-
sociation at Griggsville, whereby effort in behalf
of agricultural progress is greatly stimulated. He
is likewise the vice-president of the Illinois Val-
ley bank at Griggsville. A lover of good horses, he
always has some fine animals upon his place, and
at the present time these number about twenty.
He also has about one hundred and thirty head of
cattle on hand, of which seventy-five head have
been fattened and are ready for the market. He
has one steer which he expects to exhibit at the
fat stock show in Chicago and also one carload
lot of fat cattle. He likewise has about one hun-
dred and fifty head of hogs at the present writing.
In 1903 he and his brother, S. E., made an ex-
hibit of fifteen head of fat cattle at the Chicago
Stock Show, having an average weight of six-
teen hundred and sixteen pounds. He received
the second premium in a special shorthorn class,
and in this bunch was a pair of twins that weighed
thirty-six hundred pounds, on which he received
a second premium in a special class. He and his
brother attend the stock sales in Missouri and
throughout Illinois as buyers, and they have a
very wide and favorable acquaintance among the
leading stock dealers of that state. Both gentle-
men are excellent judges of stock, so that they are
able to make judicious purchases and profitable
sales.

On the 5th of September, 1878, Mr. Carnes
was married to Miss Margaret White. Her par-
ents were Thomas and Rebecca White, who had
five children, namely: Andrew, Elizabeth, Sanv
tiel. Margaret and John. Mr. and Mrs. White
were active members of the Presbyterian church
of New Salem.

In public affairs Mr. Carnes has taken a deep
and helpful interest. He has been president of
the school board and a director for the past nine
years, the cause of education finding in him i
warm friend. His political views arc in
accord with republican principles and indeed
he is one of the stanch suporters of the
party, doing all in his power to promote its
growth and insure its success, though never seek-
ing office for himself. Mrs. Carnes is a member
of the Presbyterian church of New Salem. She
was educated in the public schools of Griggsville

and Pittsfield and taught her home school for fif-
teen months prior to her marriage. She travels
with her husband on many of his trips, and they
are thoroughly progressive people, keeping in touch
with the world's progress and having compre-
hensive knowledge of the questions of the day
and the subjects of general interest. In his busi-
ness career he has made rapid and substantial ad-
vancement, and the methods he has followed have
been such as will bear close investigation. He has
labored along lines that all might profitably fol-
low and has achieved through well directed ef-
forts and unfaltering perseverance splendid suc-
cess, and also gained a reputation which has
made him known as a leading stock dealer of
Illinois.

SAMUEL EDWARD CARNES.

The student of history can not carry his inves-
tigations far into the records of Pike county with-
out learning of the close and helpful connection
of the Carnes family with matters of public inter-
est and benefit. Samuel Edward Carnes is to-day
a worthy citizen, who is carefully and success-
fully conducting farming interests, owning three
hundred acres of valuable land in New Salem
township. He was born in Pike county, Illinois,
November 30, 1865, his parents being Richard
and Guldy E. (Moore) Carnes. His father's
birth occurred in Harrison county, Ohio, near
Cadizville, June 23, 1832, and he was quite a
young lad when the family home was established
in Illinois. The great-grandparents of Samuel E.
Carnes were Thomas and Elizabeth (Dunham)
Carnes, natives of Maryland, in which state they
spent their youth. Following their marriage they
removed to Harrison county, Ohio, and estab-
lished their home in the midst of a district that was
then wild and unimproved, but as the years passed
by time and man wrought many changes and the
evidences of frontier life were replaced by the
improvements of an advanced civilization. Both
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Carnes reached a venerable
age and were long numbered among the valued
citizens of the locality where they made their
home. The principles of Christianity found ex-

MR. AND MRS. RICHARD CARNES

MR. AND MRS. S. E. CARNES

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

589

emplification in their lives and they were num-
bered among the faithful members of the United
Brethren church. Thomas Carnes espoused his
country's cause in the second war with England,
serving as a private.

John Carnes, son of Thomas Carnes, was born
in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1812, and, having
arrived at years of maturity, was married to Miss
Eliza Nelson, whoso birth also occurred in that
county, although her parents were natives of
Maryland and it is believed were of Scotch de-
scent. Mr. and Mrs. John Carnes began their
domestic life upon a farm in Ohio, remaining
residents of Harrison county until 1834 — the year
of their arrival in Pike county, Illinois. Here
they took up their abode upon a tract of land in
Griggsville township but partially improved and
although their financial resources were then -lim-
ited their economy, perseverance and prudence in
the management of business affairs supplementing
their unremitting diligence won for them suc-
cess as the years passed by and eventually their
property holdings in Pike county were large and
valuable. Mr. Carnes voted the whig ticket and
both he and his wife were active in the work of
the United Brethren church and contributed lib-
erally to its support. The death of John Carnes
occurred in New Salem township in 1870 and his
wife had passed away some years before.

Richard Carnes. father of our subject, was
in his youth deprived of educational privileges,
but in the school of experience learned imny
valuable lessons. Practical work soon acquainted
him with the duties of the farm and he brought
tu his business such knowledge and skill that as
the years passed a high measure of prosperity
rewarded his efforts. There was nothing sor-
did or grasping in his nature and though he be-
came one of the wealthy agriculturists In- was
ven liberal with his means, giving freely to church
and charitable interests and to many movements
for the public good. His hand was ever down-
reaching to insist those less fortunate than him-
self and he never judged his friends by their pos-
sessions, but gave bis regard in recognition to
character. He was anxious, too, that his children
should have good educational privileges and did
much to provide them with a knowledge that

would prove of benefit in life's practical and re-
sponsible affairs. He was married to Miss Guldy
E. .Moore, whose birth occurred in Maryland,
May 5, 1834, her parents being John and Sarah
(Simpson) Moore, who in her infancy removed
from Maryland to Harrison county, Ohio. On
coming to Illinois they settled first in Adams
county, but eventually took up their abode in
Pike county, where the -father died at the age
of seventy-five years, while the mother passed
away at the age of eighty-three. In business af-
fairs Mr. Moore had prospered and, moreover, he
had gained the'fespect and good will of his fel-
low ine'ri',- who. foun'd him reliable in all his meth-
ods and trustworthy ''HI aril life's relations. Mrs.
Carnes received careful training from her parents
in the duties of the household and remained at
home until her marriage, when well equipped to
take care of a home of her own, she assumed
the duties and responsibilities of her household.
Mr. Carnes, carrying on agricultural pur-
suits, met with prosperity and made ju-
dicious investment in real estate until he
was the owner of about eighteen hundred acres of
valuable Illinois land and his possessions were
estimated at about two hundred thousand dollars.
He voted with the republican, party and was a
member of the United Brethren church, as was his
wife. Their family numbered nine children.

Samuel Edward Carnes, having acquired his
elementary education in the public schools, after-
ward spent four years in Westfield College and
was also a student in Gem City Business College
at Quincy, Illinois. He became acquainted with
the best methods of conducting farming interests
in his youth, receiving his business training under
his father, who was widely recognized as a most
capable business man. He lived at home until
his marriage and since that time has lived upon
one of his father's farms.

It was on the 2ist of October, 1891, that he
wedded Miss Birdella May Stone, who was born
January 9, 1871. at La Prairie, Adams county,
Illinois, her parents being J. R. and Nancy C.
(Ellison) Stone, the former born in Pennsyl-
vania. September 12, 1830, and the latter on June
6, 1831, near Millport, Pennsylvania. The) were
married January 11, 1870, at Versailles, Illinois.

59°

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

The father died in 1889 and the mother's death
occurred at Quincy, Illinois, in 1900. Her mother
was left a widow with a family of small children,
of whom Mrs. Stone was the youngest. She mar-
ried again, her second husband having several
young children, and in a short time he insisted
that she find homes elsewhere for her own chil-
dren and her own little girl Nancy was taken by a
family by the name of Ellison living just across
the Cowanesque river which flowed past her
home. The Ellison family had but one child, a
son, and they wished to adopt Nancy, but the
mother refused to give her up. One morning,
however, when the mother arose and looked across
the river to the house in which her child lived
she. noticed that no smoke curled above the little
cabin and when hour by hour went by and she
saw no trace of life there she became alarmed. On
investigation she found that the family had dis-
appeared in the night, taking the little daughter
with them. Of her journey from the old place
Mrs. Stone remembered nothing, though she did
remember their final settlement in Steuben county,
New York, their removal to Pittsburg and then
their journey to the west. After a short residence
in Keokuk, Iowa, which at that time contained
only one house, they settled in Pike county, Mis-
souri. The Ellison family told the little girl that
she had been "bound" to them but at last they
received a letter from the mother of the child who
had, despite all their wanderings, gained trace of
the family and begged them if Nancy still lived
to let her know something of her child. The let-
ter was never answered but the little girl over-
heard the letter read and remembering something
of her mother, whom she had seen last at the age
of five years, stored the facts away in her memory.
She was not treated kindly by the Ellison family
and when fourteen years of age she left them and
went out to fight life's battles. At the age of
eighteen she married and later with the aid of
her husband tried to learn something of her peo-
ple. At last she secured her mother's address and
in 1847 received a letter from her. Several other
letters followed and then came one from a half-
sister saying that the mother was dead. Mrs.
Stone, however, could never overcome her desire
to see her relatives and the home of her childhood

and though nearly sixty years had passed since
she left the east she determined in 1894 to visit
those who still remained there. She was accom-
panied by her son, Professor J. H. Crafton, of the
Gem City Business College, — a son of her first
marriage. She found that she had not been for-
gotten by her relatives in Pennsylvania and her
visit was a very pleasant one. She and her son
visited a number of important points in the east
and altogether the trip was one of great interest.
Mr. Stone had come to the west when a young
man and finally settled in northeast township,
Adams county, Illinois, where he was living at
the time of the birth of Mrs. Samuel E. Carnes.
He 'afterward removed to Tazewell county, where
he lived for two and a half years, and then took
up his abode in Topeka, Mason county, Illinois,
where he lived for twelve years, eventually locat-
ing in Quincy, Illinois, where his death occurred
soon afterward. He was a blacksmith and fol-
lowed the trade throughout his entire life. Mrs.
Stone was twice married, Mr. Stone rearing her
children of her first union, and Mrs. Carnes has
three half-brothers: William M. Crafton, who is
living in New Berlin, Illinois ; Charles, of Spring-
field, Illinois; and J. H. Crafton, of Quincy,
Illinois.

Mrs. Carnes pursued her education in the public
and high schools of Mason county, Illinois, and
for a short time attended Chaddock College in
Quincy but impaired eyesight caused her to aban-
don her school work.

Mr. Carnes possesses the business instinct,
keen discrimination and unfaltering diligence
which have ever been characteristic of the fam-
ily and is now the owner of three hundred and
eighty acres of fine land in New Salem town-
ship, .four miles north of Pittsfield and equally
distant from Maysville and New Salem. Here
he has a beautiful home with fine buildings and
all modern improvements. His farm is under a
high state of cultivation, being one of tin- besl
properties of New Salem township. He i? well
known as a stockman, he and his brother George
being very extensive stock dealers, making ship-
ments from Maysville and other neighboring
points and handling over one hundred thmis-mil
dollars' worth of stock each vear. Mr. Carne? is

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

591

likewise a stockholder in Illinois Valley Bank at
Griggsville and the Pike County Telephone Com-
pany. His interests are concentrated, however,
upon his farm and live stock and he carries for-
ward to successful completion whatever he under-
takes, having the quality of perseverance that
enables him to overcome all difficulties and ob-
stacles that may arise. Both Mr. and Mrs..
Carnes are active members of the United Brethren
church, in which he is serving as a trustee and
lu- is likewise one of the trustees of Westfield
College. They occupy a prominent position in
public regard and are worthy representatives of
one of the leading families of this part of the
state, the name of Carnes being inseparably asso-
ciated with the history of Pike county.

JOHN WHITE.

John White, deceased, who in his connection
with the agricultural interests in Pike county,
found that prosperity might be attained through
earnest and persistent effort, and won his success
along those lines, was born in Londonderry, Ire-
land, in 1809, his parents being John and Mar-
garet (Glass) White, both of whom were na-
tives of the Emerald Isle. In the common schools
of that country Mr. White obtained his educa-
tion and then, thinking to improve his opportuni-
ties in the new world, he crossed the Atlantic to
America when twenty-two years of age, locating
at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he remained
for six years. During the greater part of that
time he followed weaving, and later removed to
Quincy, Illinois, where he engaged in teaming,
until his removal to Pike county in 1839. Here
he cast in his lot with the pioneer settlers, lo-
cating at New Philadelphia.

Subsequently he purchased land, and he further
completed his arrangements for a home of his
own by his marriage in 1845 to Miss Margaret
Smith, who was born in Scotland. They had
one child, now deceased; and the mother died in
1846. In April, 1856. Mr. White was again
married, his second union being with Mary K.
Cunningham, who was born in Londonderry, Ire-

land. March 17, 1833, and is a daughter of Thomas
and Isabella (Smith) Cunningham, both of whom
were natives of Ireland. Mrs. White came to
America with her brother, Thomas, in 1855, sail-
ing from" Liverpool to New York, the voyage
lasting six weeks. Her parents came to America
in 1856, locating in New Salem township, Pike
county. Her father was a farmer by occupation,
owning and operating eighty acres of land. In
his family were seven children, three of whom
are yet living, namely : Mrs. White ; Robert, a
resident of Canada ; and Samuel, who is living in
Pennsylvania.

Mr. and Mrs. White were reared in the same
neighborhood in Ireland, their homes being sepa-
rated by a distance of only about twelve miles,
but they became acquainted in this country. Mrs.
White lived with her aunt until her marriage.
There were ten children born of this union, of
whom seven are yet living : Joseph, who was edu-
cated in the common schools and is living upon
the home farm, is a member of the Masonic
lodge, No. 218, of New Salem, and the Odd Fel-
lows lodge, No. 834, of New Salem. Robert,
who acquired a comrnon-school education, also
belongs to the Odd Fellows lodge at New Salem,
in which he has passed through all the chairs.
Kmmett, who was educated in Jacksonville, Illi-
nois, married Lena Steinback and lives on his
mother's farm. He is also affiliated with the
Odd Fellows lodge at New Salem. Frank, who
was educated in Baylis and assists in the operation
of the home farm, is likewise an Odd Fellow.
Mrs. Margaret Wray, now a widow, resides in
Quincy. Anna Belle became the wife of Elliot
Motley, and both are now deceased, their three
children now living with their grandmother, Mrs.
White. Mary Jane is the wife of John Jacob,
a resident" of Kansas. Emily Alice is the wife of
Jacob Irick and lives near the home farm.

At the time of his marriage, Mr. White owned
one hundred and sixty acres of land, to which he
added from time to time until his landed pos-
sessions comprised eight hundred and sixty acres
He was a most industrious and energetic man.
whose economy and frugality also proved an im-
portant element in his prosperity. He was a
great stockman, and engaged quite extensively ir.

592

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the raising of stock. He gave his political alle-
giance to the democracy ; and for over twenty
years served as a school director. He held mem-
bership in the Presbyterian church and died in
that faith on the loth of June, 1880, respected
by all who knew him, because of his upright life
and what he had accomplished. He never had
occasion to regret his determination to seek a
home in the new world, for he found here the
opportunities he sought; and by the judicious use
of the advantages, which surround all, he worked
his way steadily upward,, becoming one of the
prosperous and representative citizens of the
county.

Mrs. White is also a devoted member of the
Presbyterian church. Her home is pleasantly
situated about four miles south of Baylis, and
her postoffice is New Salem. She owns a large
amount of land, and each of her sons owns a
farm. They operate their own land and their
mother's land, comprising eight hundred and
sixty acres ; and they also own one hundred and
thirty head of fine shorthorn cattle, one hundred
and fifteen head of hogs of the Chester White and
Poland China breeds and twenty-two head of
horses ; and they are recognized as leading stock-
men of the community.

JOHN F. BERRY.

John F. Berry residing on section 5, Pleasant
Hill township, is one of the prosperous farmers
and stock-raisers of Pike county. In his home
place he has two hundred and fifty acres of
good land, and in addition he owns another tract
of one hundred and twenty acres in Martinsburg
township. He was born in the house which is
yet his home, his natal day being December 12,
r8.48. His father, Willis F. Berry, was a native
of Kentucky, born in 1808 and there he was reared
to manhood. He afterward removed to Pike
county, Missouri, where he married Arretta J.
Wells, a native of Kentucky and a daughter of
George Wells. In 1840 Mr. Berry removed with
his wife to Pike county, Illinois, and began fann-
ing here in the midst of the forest, clearing the

land, building a home and developing a good
farm. He owned here one hundred and sixty
acres of land, which he transformed into highly
cultivated fields. He had first a little log cabin,
which he afterward replaced by a commodious and
substantial modern residence. He also built good
barns and added other modern improvements. He
remained upon the old family homestead here up
to the time of his death, which occurred in 1883.
His wife had died some years previously, and he
afterward married again. By the first union he
had seven children who reached years of maturity,
while four are yet living.

John F. Berry, of this review, was reared and
educated in Pleasant Hill township, his common-
school advantages being supplemented by one term
of study in' McKendree College. Through sev-
eral winter terms he engaged in teaching in Pike
county. He remained with his father and as-
sisted in carrying on the farm until he liad at-
tained his majority. He was first married in 1878
to Miss Mary E. Oxley, a native of Linn county,
Iowa, where she was reared, and for several
years, prior to her marriage, she followed teach-
ing. As a bride she was taken to the home farm
on which Mr. Berry yet resides. He took charge
of the place and carried on the work for his fa-
ther. In March, 1883, he lost his first wife, who
died leaving three children : Dr. Orland H.
Berry, a practicing physician of Belleview, Illi-
nois ; Mary R., who has been a successful teacher
of the county; and Frank S., at home. In this
county in May, 1886, Mr. Berry wedded Libbie
Briscoe, who was born in Martinsburg town-
ship and spent her girlhood days in this county.
acquiring her education in the public schools. She
is a daughter of Jeremiah Briscoe, an enterpris-
ing agriculturist of Martinsburg township. By
this union have been born four children, of whom
three are living: Everett B., who is now pursu-
ing his education in Pittsfield; Emma A., attend-
ing the home school ; and Henry Burdette Berry.

Politically Mr. Berry has been a lifelong re-
publican, casting his first presidential ballot for
General Grant in 1872. He was elected and
served as assessor for several years, and has been
a delegate to numerous county and congressional
conventions of his party. He regards it the duty

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

593

as well as the privilege of every American citi-
zen to exercise his right of franchise in support
of the measures which he deems will prove of
greatest good. He and his wife are members of
the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he is
serving as trustee, while Mrs. Berry is a teacher
and earnest worker in the Sunday school. Mr.
Berry belongs to the Masonic fraternity, holding
membership in the blue lodge at Pleasant -Hill and
in the chapter at Pittsfield. He is a past master
of the lodge, and has represented the local organi-
zation in the grand lodge of the state at several
sessions. His good qualities are many, and have
gained him favorable regard with those with
whom business or social relations have brought
him in contact. Through many years he has been
an interested witness of the growth and develop-
ment of the county, and is classed with the sub-
stantial farmers and influential men of Pleasant
Hill township. His integrity stands as an un-
questioned fact in his career, and his business ca-
pacity is manifest in his capable management of
his large farming interests. The consensus of
public opinion concerning Mr. Berry is favor-
able, and that his entire career is worthy of re-
spect is indicated by the fact he is best liked
where best known.

ROBERT BONIFIELD.

Robert Bonifield, interested in general farming
and stock-raising, is a native of Barry township
born on the 6th of April, 1861, his parents being
Mareen and Elizabeth (Hampton) Bonifield. The
father was born in Kentucky, July 31, 1827, but
spent the greater part of his life in Pike county,
whither he came with his parents in 1843, tne
family home being established near the village of
Kinderhook, where the paternal grandfather of
our subject died. The maternal grandfather, Mar-
tin Hampton, came to Pike county from Ireland,
at an early day in the settlement of this part of the
state, and his daughter Eliabeth was born here
on the 2 ist of October. 1834. Her girlhood days
were spent amid pioneer surroundings, and she
was carefully trained to the labors of the house-
hold, as were all girls in those times. On reach-

ing early womanhood she gave her hand in mar-
riage to Mareen Bonifield, who provided for his
family by following agricultural pursuits ; and by
the careful control of his business interests he
prospered, becoming owner of more than six hun-
dred acres of valuable lad. He had had no edu-
cational privileges whatever, and could not read
nor write ; but he possessed much native intelli-
gence and keen sagacity, and displayed excellent
business qualification in the management of his
affairs. He voted with the republican party,
taking some interest in politics ; and held member-
ship in the Kinderhook lodge, No. 353, A. F. &
A. M. His many admirable qualities and the
success which he accomplished in the face of
seemingly insurmountable difficulties, won him
the respect and esteem of all who knew him. He
died in April, 1896, having for many years sur-
vived his wife, who passed away August 21,
1873. They were the parents of five children, of
whom three are now living, namely : Robert ;
John, who resides near his elder brother ; and
Mrs. Matilda Lewton, who is also living in the
same neighborhood. It was in this same locality
that the father had his farm, which was rich bot-
tom land.

In his boyhood days Robert Bonifield acquired
the usual country-school education, and when a
young man of twenty years, he started out in life
on his own account, and has since given his at-
tention to farming. He first went to Macon
county, Missouri, where he carried on general
agricultural pursuits for a year on land owned
by his father. He made the first purchase of land
in 1897, becoming the owner of one hundred and
forty acres, of which he still has one hundred and
seventeen acres. His wife also owns one hundred
and sixty acres of land in Kansas which she rents.
Her farm is well improved, having good build-
ings upon it, while the fields have been carefully
tilled. The home property of Mr. Bonifield in
Barry township is also well developed and is lack-
ing in none of the accessories of the model farm
of the twentieth century. Mr. Bonifield is also
a railroad contractor and has done considerable
work in railroad grading, usually keeping several
teams for this purpose. At the same time he car-
ries on the work of the fields, and also raises stock
upon the home farm, and in both branches of his

594

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

business his efforts are being attended with a
gratifying measure of success. At one time Mr.
Bonifield conducted a livery stable in Kinder-
hook for about three months.

In 1881 occurred the marriage of Mr. Boni-
field and Miss Sarah A. Bridgewater, who. was
born October 31, 1860, and is a daughter of Elias
and Mary Jane (Hankins) Bridgewater, the
former a native of this county, while the mother
was born in Tennessee. The paternal grandfather,
Samuel Bridgewater, came to Illinois before the
town of Kinderhook was laid out, and was a pio-
neer resident, whose efforts contributed to the
early substantial improvement of his locality.
Reared in Pike county, Elias Bridgewater gave
his entire attention to general agricultural pur-
suits, and in the course of years accumulated a
large property, owning four hundred and eighty
acres of land at the time of his death, while pre-
viously he had sold one hundred and sixty acres.
He was a successful agriculturist; and moreover
was a good man, just and fair in his dealings at
all times, and strictly honorable in all life's rela-
tions. He belonged to Kinderhook lodge, No.
353, A. F. & A. M. ; and both and his wife were
devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal
church. His study of the political issues and
questions of the day led him to give his adherence
to the republican party ; and at the time of the
Civil war he courageously espoused the Union
cause, manifesting his loyalty to the Union by ac-
tive service with the Ninety-ninth Illinois Regi-
ment of Volunteers, in which he enlisted on the
5th of August, 1862. He served with that com-
mand until the close of the war, and on one oc-
casion was wounded in the leg at Vicksburg. He
was mustered out July 31, 1865; and many more
years of usefulness were vouchsafed to him, for
during almost four decades he continued a resi-
dent of Pike count}', where he died in April, 1904,
at the age of sixty-six years. His widow is now
residing in Kansas, and will have attained an age
of sixty-four in May, 1906. In their family were
eight children but only three are now living: Mrs.
Bonifield : John, who resides in Kinderhook town:
ship ; and Charles A., who is living in Ford
county, Kansas.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Bonifield have been born
four children, of whom three yet survive. Floyd,
born June 4, 1881, and now living in St. Louis,
Missouri, married Miss Ilah Gilvin, of Pike
county, and they have two children, Charles and
Grace L. Oliver, born September 24, 1889, and
Clarence, born February 23, 1892, are still at
home. The daughter, Tillie May, born June 16,
1883, died in March, 1884. The family home is
pleasantly located about four miles from Barry
and three miles from Kinderhook, and is a com-
fortable residence in the midst of a well tilled
farm. Mr. Bonifield votes with the republican
party, and is serving for the second term as road
commissioner. He belongs to Odd Fellows lodge,
^°- 757' at Kinderhook, and the Mutual Pro-
tective League, and both and his wife are con-
nected with the Rebekah lodge, No. 133, in which
she has filled all of the offices. Both are repre-
sentatives of old pioneer families of the county,
the names of Bonifield and Bridgewater having
long figured in connection with agricultural prog-
ress, and also with the permanent public improve-
ment of this part of the state.

J. W. KUHLMAN.

J. W. Kuhlman, who is engaged in the imple-
ment business at Hull, was born in Adams county,
Illinois, on the 5th of February, 1867, and is son
of Peter Henry and Fredericka (Meyer) Kuhl-
man. As the name indicates, the family is of Ger-
man lineage. The father was born in Germany.
October 27, 1827, and was a son of Herman and
Louisa (Bockeye) Kuhlman. The former was
born in 1794 and died in Germany at the age of
eighty years, while his wife's death occurred when
she was sixty-nine years of age. Herman Kuhl-
man learned and followed the stone-mason's trade
throughout his entire life. Two of the members
of the family, one son and one daughter, are yet
living.

Peter Henry Kuhlman was educated in the
common schools <>f his native land, and on the ist

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

595

of August, 1853. left Germany for America, cross-
ing the Atlantic on a sailing vessel. He arrived
at Quincy, Illinois, on the loth of December of
that year and began working out by the day. He
was employed for some time in this way, and later
followed teaming for several years. Subsequently
he removed to the country and turned his atten-
tion to farming in the southern part of Adams
county, carrying on general agricultural pursuits
for about fifteen years. In 1893 he took up his
abode in Hull, where he resided for eleven years,
when he sold his residence there to his son, J.
W. Kuhlman, and removed to Quincy, where he
has since lived retired, having a comfortable
home at No. 919 South Eighth street. He has
for several years been engaged in no active busi-
ness pursuits, for the years of his former toil
supplied him with a capital that now enables him
to rest in well earned ease. At the time of the
Civil war his sympathies were with the Union
cause, and in February, 1865, he enlisted in Com-
pany H, One Hundred and Forty-third Illinois
Volunteer Infantry, under Captain Heidbreder.
He was in Arkansas until the close of the war,
and was discharged in November, 1865, at
Springfield, Illinois, after which he returned to
Quincy.

On the i8th of January, 1854, Peter H. Kuhl-
man was married to Fredericka Meyer, who was
born in Germany, April 28, 1824, and was a
daughter of Henry and Mary (Bemeyer) Myrr.
Her father died when she was but six weeks old,
and the mother's death occurred in Germany in
1851. Unto Mr. and Mrs, Kuhlman were born
five sons and five daughters, of whom six are now
living, namely : Herman, who resides at Hull :
William, of St. Louis, Missouri; Henry, who is
living in Canada; John W. ; Edward, who resides
upon a farm near Hull; and Julia, of Colorado.
Peter H. Kuhlman and his wife are members
of the Lutheran church in Quincy. In politics
he has long been a stanch republican, but has
never held nor desired office.

J. W. Kuhlman was educated in the schools of
Quincy, and began life on his own account at
the age of twenty-five years. He and his brother
Henry then entered the implement business at
Hull, and he has since been connected with this

trade with the exception of a period of a year and
a half, which he spent as a traveling salesman in
the employ of the Collins Plow Company of
Quincy. He was traveling during 1902 and 1903,
and was especially successful as a salesman of
hay presses. Since his retirement from the road,
he has been sole proprietor of the business at
Hull, and he carries a fine line of farming imple-
ments, machine oil, pumps, harness supplies,
whip.s and a general line of kindred goods. He
now has a fine business, a liberal patronage hav-
ing been accorded him, and his annual sales have
reached a large figure.

On the 2d of January, 1898, J. W. Kuhlman was
married to Miss Lilla Miller, who was born De-
cember 22, 1875, in Westfield, Massachusetts. She
is a daughter of Gustave and Emma (West)
Frohlick. Her father was born October 9, 1843,
in Baden, Germany, and is now living in Kings-
ton, New York. He is a veteran of the Civil
war, having given his services to the government
during the dark days of our country's history.
His wife was born March 12, 1856, in London,
England, and died July 27, 1877, in Westfield,
Massachusetts. After the death of the mother,
Mrs. Kuhlman went Jo live with her grandmother
West, and subsequent to the grandmother's death,
she was adopted by Jarvis W. and Adda B.
( I'owkcr) Miller. Mr. Miller was born in South
Adams, Massachusetts, June 4, 1849, and his
wife's birth occurred there July 13. 1850. They
were married December 26, 1869, and they
adopted Mrs. Kuhlman in October, 1877. Her
own mother had died of heart disease when twen-
ty-one years of age, leaving two little children,
but the son died in early life. When Mrs. Kuhl-
man was but four years of age her foster-par-
ents came to the west, locating in Hannibal, Mis-
souri, and she attended the convent there. She
afterward went to Plainville, Illinois, to live with
Mrs. Miller's mother, Mrs. Hepsy Bowker, and
during that time she also attended school. She
there resided up to the time of her marriage on
the 2d of January, 1898. Her foster-mother is
now the wife of Dr. J. H. Aleshire, of Plainville,
Adams county, Illinois, one of the old practi-
tioners of that county, who has followed his pro-
fession in that locality for more than thirty years.

596

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

He is now pleasantly situated in life, having a
beautiful home in Plainville and a good practice;
and he and his wife are a most estimable and
highly esteemed old couple of their community.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kuhlman have been born
four children: Fay F., born February 21, 1899;
Adda Rice, February i, 1900; John Merl, July
25, 1901 ; and Dorothy Lilla, September 17, 1904.
Mr. and Mrs. Kuhlman may well feel proud of-
their family of beautiful children. Theirs is a
model home ; and the husband and wife enjoy in
large measure the friendship and kindly regard of
all with whom they have come in contact. In his
political views he is a republican, and for several
terms has served on the town board. Socially
he is connected with the Masons and the Odd
Fellows. There is in him a lack of ostentation
and display and a true worthy character, that
have made him one of the respected and leading
citizens of the community; and his nature, too,
is such as wins warm personal friendship.

WILLIAM MYERS, JR.

William Myers, Jr., is a farmer, practical, pro-
gressive and prosperous. He resides upon his.
father's old homestead in Barry township; and
his birth occurred in New Salem township, Pike
county, on the I3th of March, 1855. His parents
were William and Mary (Wike) Myers. The
father was born in Cumberland county, Pennsyl-
vania, July 15, 1819, and was a son of Jacob
Myers, whose father, Jacob Myers, Sr., is sup-
posed to have been a native of Lancaster county,
Pennsylvania, whence he removed to West Penns-
boro township, Cumberland county, taking up his
abode in the midst of a dense forest. Upon his
farm there was a stone house, while a small clear-
ing had been made ; and he began business there
as an agriculturist and blacksmith, spending his
remaining days upon that place. He married Mar-
garet Marat, who also died in Cumberland county.

Jacob Myers, grandfather of William Myers,
Jr.. \vas born in Cumberland county in 1795, and
from his father purchased the old family home-
stead, upon which he continued to reside until

1848. He then came to Illinois, settling in Pike
county, where he made his home until his death
at the age of seventy-six years. He wedded
Lydia Lyne, a daughter of William Lyne, and a
native of Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, where
her death occurred.

William Myers, Sr., acquired his education in
his native county, and made his home with his
parents up to the time of his marriage. In 1848
he came to Illinois, traveling by team to Wheel-
ing and thence by boat to Cincinnati, where he
landed. He had brought a team with him, and
from that city drove all the way to Barry, Illi-
nois. After his arrival he rented land for a
year, and then purchased a farm in New Salem
township, upon which he lived for five years,
when he bought the farm upon which William
Myers, Jr., now resides. His( agricultural in-
terests became extensive and profitable, his pos-
sessions aggregating four hundred acres of as fine
fanning land as could be found in the county,
and upon the property he made excellent improve-
ments. He was married in 1844 to Miss Mary
Wike, a native of Cumberland county, Pennsyl-
vania, and a daughter of George and Mary Wike.
They became the parents of six children, of whom
four are living. Both parents are now deceased,
the mother having passed away in August, 1887,
while the father's death occurred in May, 1895.
In politics Mr. Myers was a democrat and was a
very prominent and influential resident of his
community. Among those who knew him his
word was as good as any bond ; and he well mer-
ited the success which crowned his earnest and
indefatigable efforts. In the evening of life he
was enabled to enjoy many comforts and luxuries
which were unknown to him in his earlier years,
and which were made possible through his earnest
and persistent labor in his early manhood.

William Myers was educated in the public
schools and in the State Normal School at Nor-
mal, Illinois, where he pursued his studies for
two years. He has always lived on the old home-
stead with the exception of one year, which he
spent in Texas, where he was engaged in the
stock business. He and his brothers purchased
six hundred and forty acres of land there, but ill
health caused him to return to Pike countv. He

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

597

owns one hundred and twenty acres of land
where he now resides on section 34. Marry town-
ship, and ninety acres in Pleasant Vale township
and he carries on general farming and stock-rais-
ing. The place is well fenced and the property is
a valuable one. He has a good comfortable home
which was built by his father in 1864, and his
fanr, is situated about two and a half miles from
Barry. _

In 1880 Mr. Myers was married to Miss Pau-
line Mright, who was born in Pike county, Oc-
tober 2, 1858, and is a daughter of William and
Rosella (Osburg) Bright. Her father, well
known as "Uncle Billy" Bright, is a retired baker
of Barry, and the number of his friends is almost
co-extensive with the number of his acquain-
tances. He was born in Westphalia, Prussia,
April 25, 1825, and is a son of Joseph and Mary
A. (Grause) Bright. He was educated in the
common schools ; and in 1844 enlisted in the
German army for three years' service. In 1850
he came to America, making his way to Baltimore,
Maryland, where he remained for six months,
when he crossed the mountains toPittsburg, Penn-
sylvania, and then went down the Ohio river to
St. Louis, Missouri, where he spent four years
in the bakery business, having learned the trade
while still a resident of Prussia. He came from
St. Louis to Adams county, Illinois, and lived
upon a farm for three years, after which he
engaged in the bakery business in Barry. He was
with the Twenty-eighth Regiment of Illinois Vol-
unteers in the Civil war, acting as baker for the
regiment until the battle of Corinth in 1863, after
which he returned home. He was married April
5, 1853, to Mrs. Rosella Sanger, nee Osburg, of
St. Louis, Missouri, and they had six children, of
whom five are now living: Fred W., who resides
in Kansas City; Sylvania, at home; Pauline, now
Mrs. Myers; Louis I*"., a merchant of l'.:irv\ :
Minnie, who is in the store with Louis; and Aldo,
deceased. The parents had traveled life's jour-
ney together as man and wife for forty-nine years,
eight months and seventeen days, when they were
separated by the death of the mother, November
22, 1902. The father is now living retired and
occupies a fine home in Barry. He is a democrat,
and was supervisor of Barry township for four

years, while for many years he has been school
trustee. He has also been many times a delegate
to the state conventions, and has been recognized
as one of the stalwart advocates of the party and
a leader in its local circles. He is a communicant
of the Catholic church, to which his wife also
belonged.

Mr. and Mrs. Myers have become the parents
of five children: Mary, the wife of Charles S.
Lippincott, who resides near her father; Maude,
the wife of George Gray, of New Canton ; Clar-
ence, Lewis and Ellis, all at home. Mr. Myers
votes with the democracy, and has been school
director for several terms and also commissioner
of highways for several terms. He has been very
successful as a business man, and in his interests
has shown capable control and unfaltering enter-
prise. He is a worthy representative of one of
the old and prominent families of the county, and
it is with pleasure that we present to our readers
this history of the family, whose work has ever
been an element in the substantial progress of the
community.

ROBERT EDMISTON.

• Robert Edmiston, deceased, was born in County
Antrim, Ireland, at Barney Castle in December,
1830, and was a son of Archie and Nancy
(Brown) Edmiston. He was educated in Ireland,
remaining a resident of that country until thirty
years of age, when he emigrated to America. He
had one brother and two sisters, those still living
being: Archibald, who resides in Aurora, Ne-
braska ; Mrs. Sarah Cunningham, the widow of
Thomas Cunningham, of Baylis.

When Robert Edmiston lived in Ireland, he
would herd cattle barefooted ; and he only had
money enough to bring him to the new world. He
crossed the Atlantic on a sailing vessel and emp-
ty-handed, but with a courageous heart, began
life in a strange land. He was married July 25,
1871, to Miss Ann Holt, who was born in the
state of New York, January 20. 1847, and was a
daughter of Charles and Martha (Howard) Holt,
both of whom were natives of England, whence
they cume to America at an early day. In 1848

598

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

they removed from the Empire state to Illinois,
settling in the southeast part of Adams county,
where the mother spent her remaining days, her
death occurring in 1852. The father afterward
married again, and in later years came to Baylis,
where his last days were passed. He owned one
farm of two hundred and forty acres and another
tract of one hundred and thirty acres nearby. He
carried on both blacksmithing and general farm-
ing; and he cleared his land, grubbing away the
stumps, and carrying forward the work of im-
provement along modern lines. In the early days,
however, he lived in true pioneer style. His first
house had no regular floor, although boards were
laid down upon the ground. He cut the timber
in order to build the house ; and as the years
passed, he put away the evidences of pioneer life
for the improvements of an advanced civilization.
In his family were three children, born of his
first marriage : Charles, wTio is living in Baylis ;
Mrs. Martha Sykes, a resident of Colorado ; and
Mrs. Edmiston.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Edmiston were born three
children : Leah, Charles and Emmett, all of
whom are with their mother. In 1869, Mr. Ed-
miston purchased eighty acres of land on section
24, Hadley township, where his wife now resides,
and to this property he added two hundred acres.
As his financial resources permitted he invested in
more land. He thus cleared and improved his
farm which he fenced and cultivated, carrying on
general agricultural pursuits and stock-raising.
He built a fine home and added other modern
buildings, continuing to engage successfully in
general agricultural pursuits up to the time of
his death, which occurred August 16, 1903. His
widow now resides upon the home farm near
Baylis, her sons operating the land.

In his political views Mr. Edmiston was n
democrat, but never cared for office. His sons
have followed in his political footsteps. He held
nn •mhership in the Presbyterian church, to which
his wife also belongs, and he displayed in his rela-
tion with his fellowmen various commendable
traits of character, which .gained for him the trust
and respect of those with whom he was associ-
ated. His life was one of untiring activity, and
his persistent energy and sterling purpose gained

for him the success which made him a representa-
tive and substantial agriculturist of the commu-
nity. His son Charles has been a member of the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows since Febru-
ary, 1901. The family is well known in the com-
munity, their home being a quarter of a mile west
of the village ; and their interests are closely allied
with those things which tend to prove of most
benefit to the locality.

WILLIAM M. HARVEY.

William M. Harvey, residing in Griggsville,
Illinois, has met with well merited success. as a
farmer and stock-raiser and has a wide and fa-
vorable acquaintance in Pike county, owing to
the extent of his business interests and his social
qualities which have brought him many friends.
He was born in Griggsville, December 2, 1846,
and is a son of John W. and Nancy Harvey, na-
tives of Ohio, who came to Pike county in 1839,
when it was largely an undeveloped region.
Much of the native timber was uncut and the sod
had not been turned on many stretches of prairie
land. Mr. Harvey became connected with the
early development of the county and figured
prominently in local interests.

Under the parental roof William M. Harvey
was reared and the public schools afforded him
the educational privileges which equipped him
for the performance of the practical and respon-
sible duties of life. For four years he worked in
the office of custodian of surveys in Springfield,
Illinois, and was an able and faithful official.
With the exception of this period he 'has been
engaged in farming and stock-raising and is the
owner of one thousand one hundred acres of land
situated near Griggsville, constituting a valuable
property. The soil is productive so that golden
harvests reward him for the care and labor which
are bestowed upon the fields. The work of im-
provement is carried steadily forward in all de-
partments of farm labor and Mr. Harvey has
become one of the prosperous agriculturists of
his communitv.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

599

On the 3d of February, 1876, William M. Har-
vey was married to i£iss Elizabeth Turnbull, a
daughter of William Turnbull, a prominent and
noted old-time citizen. They have become the
parents of two children, who are with them in
Griggsville, namely : Raymond W., who was
married February i, 1905, to Ellen S. Bierley;
and Mary Grace, who was married August 30,
1904, to Harry C. Laird and they have one child,
Florence Elizabeth, born November 27, 1905.
Mr. and Mrs. Harvey are worthy citizens, highly
esteemed by a large circle of acquaintances. A
history of our subject shows that he has ever
been reliable as well as energetic in his business
life, while in social relations he has manifested •
those sterling traits which win warm friendships.

MILLARD FILLMORE GODWIN.

Millard Fillmore Godwin, who is serving for
the second term as a member of the "honorable
county board of supervisors, is classed with the
representative citizens of Pike county and is also
recognized as one whose opinions carry weight
and influence in the local councils of the demo-
cratic party. Moreover he is a prosperous and
progressive farmer with valuable landed hold-
ings, having six hundred acres in his home place,
while in all of its equipments his farm is in keep-
ing with the most advanced ideas concerning
modern agriculture. His birth occurred in Ross
township, Pike county, on the 23d of August,
1856. His father, George W. Godwin, was also
a native of this county, born near Pittsfield in
1828, the grandfather having been one of the
honored pioneer settlers here. In the place of his
nativity George W. Godwin was reared to man-
hood amid pioneer conditions and environments.
assisting in the arduous task of developing new
land that made the life of the early settler a
strenuous' one. He was married here to Miss
Mary E. Stewart, also a native of Pike county
and in 1849 he made the overland trip to Califor-
nia, spending two years in the mines of that state,
meeting with a fair measure of success. He then
returned by way of the Panama route and New

Orleans, proceeding up the Mississippi river and
a little later he bought land and located in what
is now Ross township. There he carried on
farming until 1860, when he sold his property
and removed to Kansas, locating in Douglas
county near Lawrence, where he again purchased
land and devoted his attention to agricultural
pursuits. In 1862 he lost his 'first wife and later
married again. He continued a resident of Kan-
sas for fifteen years and then sold his farm, after
which he took up his abode in St. Louis county,
Missouri, where he again purchased land, spend-
ing his remaining days upon that property.

Millard F. Godwin is one of two brothers born
of the father's first marriage. He was with his
father in Douglas ' county, Kansas, for fifteen
years and then accompanied the family on the
removal to St. Louis county, Missouri. He had
fair school advantages, pursuing his studies in
Lawrence, Kansas, and in Kirkwood, Missouri,
and after arriving at mature years he went, in
1877, to Texas and was there employed on a
cattle ranch. Subsequently he returned to Illi-
nois, locating on the Mississippi bottoms, where
he rented land and engaged in farming. In 1889
he purchased a part of his present farm and. has
since resided thereon. He began with one hun-
dred and fourteen acres of land, which he com-
menced to cultivate and improve. He has since
erected a good, neat and substantial residence and
has fair outbuildings and improvements. With
his farming he makes a business of raising high
grade cattle and hogs and feeds and fattens for
the market from two to four carloads of stock
annually.

Mr. Godwin was married in Pike county, Oc-
tober 4. 1882, to Miss Fannie Yokem, a daugh-
ter of William Yokem, who was one of the pio-
neer residents of this county and a prosperous
farmer and large landowner. He was also a
man of considerable influence and left the im-
press of his individuality upon public thought
and opinion. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Godwin have
been born ten children : Homer ; William ; Net-
tie and Emma, twins : Harry F. : Ruth ; Mary ;
Fannie ; Hallie ; and Lawrence.

Throughout his residence in Pike county Mr.
Godwin has continuously carried on farming and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

his home place now comprises six hundred acres,
for as his financial resources have increased he
has extended the boundaries of his farm by addi-
tional purchase from time to time. He also owns
another farm in Martinsburg township and he
has thus become one of the large landowners of
the county, his business capacity and enterprise
being indicated by his realty holdings, for he
owes his success entirely to his well directed ef-
forts. His interests have been carefully man-
aged and he has brought keen discrimination and
untiring industry to bear upon his business af-
fairs, so that he is now one of the progressive
farmers and successful stock-feeders, who occu-
pies a position of affluence in Pike county. He
has always voted with the democracy and in 1893
was elected supervisor of Pleasant Hill township.
In 1904 he was again chosen for the office and
is now serving for the second term as a member
of the honorable county board. He is acting as a
member of the committee on salaried offices, is
chairman of the road and bridge committee, also
a member of the railroad committee and presi-
dent of the board of directors. Matters of local
progress are of deep concern to him and elicit his
earnest attention and active co-operation and
whether in office or out of it he is always loyal
to the public good.

FINIS KILLEBREW.

Finis Killebrew, in his farming operations,
keeps fully abreast with the most modern methods
of farming, using the latest improved machinery
and all the accessories which facilitate farm work.
Advancement along agricultural lines has been as
rapid and pronounced as in any other depart-
ment of labor, and Mr. Killebrew is a typical
representative of this spirit of progress. He re-
sides on section 6, Spring Creek township, where
he has eighty acres of land. Mr. Killebrew was
born in Calhoun county, Illinois, March 23, 1858.
and is a son of Levi Killebrew, whose birth oc-
curred in Scott county. Illinois. The paternal
grandfather, James I. Killebrew, resided for a
time in Missouri, and later removed to Scott

county, where his son Levi was reared. Later
he went to Calhoun county, where he purchased
three hundred and twenty acres of land, which
he cultivated up to the time of his death in 1902.
He was married to Miss Mary Looper, a native
of Greene county, Illinois, and a daughter of
Daniel Looper. They became the parents of nine
children.

Finis Killebrew, the fourth in order of birth,
was reared to manhood upon the old homestead
farm in Calhoun county, where he assisted in
the labors of the fields and also enjoyed the educa-
tional advantages afforded by the common schools.
He was twenty years of age when he started out
to work by the month as a farm hand, being thus
employed for two years, which gave him his
start in life.

On the ist of September, 1881, Mr. Killebrew
was united in marriage to Miss Thursa A. Stark,
a native of Pike county and a daughter of John
P. Stark, a native of Indiana. This marriage has
been blessed with four daughters, all of whom
are living: Alta Esther, Bessie Maud, Neva
Velma and Amanda Buella, all yet are under the
parental roof.

Following his marriage, Mr. Killebrew pur-
chased one hundred and sixty acres of land two
miles east of Nebo and later he bought forty acres
more, so that he thus became the owner of a
farm of two hundred acres, which he improved
by building a good house and also good barns and
outbuildings. He set out an orchard, cultivated
the fields and continued to develop the property
for twelve years, when in 1893 he sold out and
bought where he now resides on section 6, Spring
Creek township. He at once began the improve-
ment of this farm, has built an addition to the
house, has put up a windmill and stock scales,
and has added other mo'dern equipments until
he now has a model and valuable farm. He raises
some stock and feeds hogs for the market, and has
been a shipper of cattle, hogs and hay for fifteen
years, sending his shipments to various markets.
His business views are penetrative, his methods
practical. He seems to see readily to the center
of things, and -from the center to the outermost
circumference of possibilities in the line of his
business endeavor.

PAST AND PRESENT UE PIKE COUNTY.

601

Air. Killebrew is a member of the Primitive
Baptist church, and Mrs. Killebrew and their
daughters are members of the Missionary Baptist
church. Politically he is a republican where na-
tional issues are involved, but at local elections
is broad-minded enough not to be "hampered by
party ties, when only the capability of the candi-
date is a matter for consideration, and therefore
votes independently at such times. He has held
the office of highway commissioner for one term,
and has been a member of the school board for
nineteen years ; but the honors and emoluments of
office have little attraction for him. He finds that
his business affairs make sufficient demand upon
his time and attention, and he has attained through
his own labors his position as one of the sub-
stantial and progressive farmers of the county.

ABEL DUNHAM.

Abel Dunham, who since 1893 has resided in
the village of New Salem but superintends the
operation of his farm, was born in Ohio on the
;th of April, 1843, his parents being Lewis and
Sarah Ann (Nelson) Dunham. His paternal
grandfather was William Dunham, a native of
Maryland, and the great-grandfather was of
English birth, becoming the founder of the fam-
ily in America. William Dunham was reared to
the occupation of farming and was married to
Miss Mary Chancy, who was also a native of
Maryland and her parents, like the Dunhams
came to this country about the time of the Revo-
lutionary war. Mr. and Mrs. William Dunham
lived in Maryland and Ohio until about the year
1845, but in the evening of life were residents of
Illinois, where Mr. Dunham purchased a small
farm in Griggsville township. There he died at
the age of three score years and ten. His wife
survived him for a number of years and also
passed away on the old homestead on section 17.
Griggsville township, at an advanced age. • Both
were active and devoted members of the United
Presbyterian church and were people of strong
religious faith, doing all in their power to pro-
mote the work of the church and extend its influ-

ence. They had a large family of children, of
whom Lewis Dunham was the eldest.

The birth of Lewis Dunham occurred in Mary-
land, September 12, 1802, and he died at his
home in New Salem township, September 14.
1866. His early life was passed in the state of
his nativity, where he acquired his education.
His marriage was probably celebrated in Ohio
and he began his business life there as a farmer
and cooper, making his home in that state until
1844, when in the month of April he came to Illi-
nois. Three years later he settled on land of his
own in New Salem township and was there suc-
cessfully engaged in general farming. He was
in limited financial circumstances at the time of
his arrival in this county, but he became a com-
paratively wealthy man and improved a valuable
farm of two hundred and sixty acres. He was a
useful citizen of the township and an active and
conscientious worker in the United Brethren
church. He was widely known for his truthful-
ness, his industry and other valuable traits of
character, which won for him the esteem of the
.community and the confidence of all with whom
he was associated in business or social relations.
In politics he was a stalwart democrat and his
fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth and
ability frequently called him to local office. His
wife bore the maiden name of Sarah A. Nelson
and was a native of Maryland. Her parents
were Elisha and Mary (Stringer) Nelson, who
were also natives of Maryland and are thought
to have been of Scotch lineage. They were farm-
ing people and after their marriage lived in
Maryland, but later removed to Harrison county,
Ohio, where they resided until 1842, when they
came to Illinois, spending their remaining days
upon a farm which Mr. Nelson owned in New
Salem township. Pike county. They were mem-
bers of the United Brethren church for many
years and were earnest Christian people. Their
daughter, Sarah Nelson, who became the mother
of Abel Dunham, was born in April. 1807, and
was reared in Maryland and Ohio. She came
to Illinois with her husband, whom she sur-
vived for several years, passing away when more
than eighty years of age. She, too, was a con-
sistent member of the United Brethren church

602

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and her Christian faith permeated her entire life
and shaped her conduct toward those with whom
she came in contact. She was the mother of
nineteen children, nine of whom are still living.
Her death occurred September 5, 1887, and her
memory is yet cherished by many who knew her.

Abel Dunham acquired a limited education in
the common schools but much of his time was
devoted to farm labor and throughout his entire
life he has been connected with agricultural in-
terests. He purchased his first tract of land in
1867, becoming the owner of a farm in New
Salem township and since that time he has con-
tinuously owned and operated farm property.
He removed to New Salem in 1893 and he now
employs a man to cultivate the fields, but super-
intends the farm work himself. He owns three
hundred acres of productive and valuable land
in New Salem township, which is well improved,
while the fields have been brought to a high state
of cultivation. All of the improvements upon
the property stand as a monument to the enter-
prise and labor of Mr. Dunham, who has as fine
a farm as can be found in the county, with good
buildings upon it, the latest improved machinery
and every evidence of careful and practical su-
pervision. He is well known as an extensive
stock owner and buys, feeds and sells stock. His
residence in New Salem is one of the fine homes
of the town.

In 1864 Mr. Dunham was united in marriage
to Miss Laura Temple, a native of Illinois, and
unto them was born a daughter, Lenora, who
married Frank Holdridge. They reside in Han-
nibal, Missouri, and have one child, Nellie. Mrs.
Dunham departed this life in the fall of 1866 and
on the 26th of August, 1867, Mr. Dunham was
married to Miss Emily Cobb, who was born in
Chautauqua county, New York, and was a
daughter of James and Mary (Hale) Cobb, a
direct descendant of Sir Nathan Hale, of England.
She came west to Pike county in her early girl-
hood. She had a brother who established and af-
terward edited the Barry Adage, remaining its
proprietor for some time. Her father was n
stock-buyer and also a farmer and was serving as
deputy sheriff of Pike county at the time of his
death.

Mr. Dunham is an advocate of democratic
principles and votes for the men pledged to sup-
port the party. For several years he served as
supervisor of New Salem township. He belongs
to the Masonic lodge at New Salem and his wife
is a member of the Methodist church. In the
community where they reside they are esteemed
because of genuine worth, social natures and
kindly manner, and Mr. Dunham ranks with the
leading and prominent business men of the county.
In connection with the superintendence of his
farming interests he is also president of the Illi-
nois Valley Bank of Griggsville, which position
he has occupied since its establishment in 1902.
This is a state bank, capitalized for twenty-five
thousand dollars and George Carnes is vice-presi-
dent and Fred Farrand cashier. Mr. Dunham
is watchful of business opportunities and his
judgment is seldom at error in business matters.
He has advanced steadily through his own efforts,
regarding all obstacles and difficulties in his path
as an impetus for renewed effort and his business
integrity and genuine worth make him a popular
and honored citizen.

SAMUEL A. WILLARD.

Samuel A. Willard, who died upon his farm in
Martinsburg township March 25, 1899, was one
of the leading farmers and stock-raisers of his
locality and owned a farm of three hundred acres,
which in its well improved appearance indicated
his careful supervision and practical methods. He
was a native son of Pike county, his birth having
occurred in Hardin township on the 25th -of Au-
gust, 1843. He was a son of Orlando Willard, a
native of New York and one of the first settlers of
the county, having come here when this was a
frontier district, in which the work of improve-
ment and progress had scarcely begun. He was
married in Pennsylvania to Miss Nancy Bixby. a
nartive of the Keystone state, and unto them were
born ten children.

Of this number Samuel A. Willard was reared
under the parental roof in the usual manner of
farm lads of the period, dividing his time between

SAMUEL A. WILLARD

LIBRARY

0* THE

UNIVERSITY Of IU1NQIS.

PAST AXD PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

605

the work of the schoolroom and of the fields,
during the period of his minority, or until nine-
teen years of age, when, on the 23d of August,
1862, he responded to his country's call and with
patriotic spirit enlisted as a member of Company
E, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, with which he
served for three years, taking part in a number
of important engagements. He was in some of
the movements of the army in Missouri and was
also in the siege of Vicksburg. He was promoted
from the ranks to regimental fifer and at the close
of the war was honorably discharged at Spring-
field in August, 1865, having been a faithful and
loyal soldier, whose fidelity to duty was never
called into question.

Following the cessation of hostilities Mr.Wil-
lard returned to his father's farm, where he re-
mained until the ist of January, 1867, when he
was married to Miss Sarah Frances Miller, who
was born in Brown county, Ohio, and was a
daughter of James B. Miller, a native of Penn-
sylvania. Her father was reared, however, in
the Buckeye state and was married there to Miss
Mary Griffin, a native of Ohio, where she spent
her girlhood days. In the fall of 1853 they re-
moved to Illinois, settling in Hardin township,
Pike county, where Mrs. Willard was reared and
where she afterward gave her hand in marriage.
Mr. and Mrs. Willard began their domestic life
in Martinsburg township, settling upon a new
and unimproved farm of eighty acres, the greater
part of which Mr. Willard placed under cul-
tivation. Subsequently he added to this property
and as his financial resources increased further
extended the boundaries of his farm until he
owned over three hundred acres of rich, product-
ive and valuable land. He erected a good residence
and fair outbuildings and was energetic and deter-
mined in his work and reliable and trustworthy
in all his dealings. He was quite extensively
engaged in stock-raising, making a specialty of
raising and fattening hogs for the market for
several years. Together Mr. and Mrs. Willard
labored earnestly and effectively and he found
in her a most capable helpmate. Their success
was attributable entirely to their own efforts and
following her husband's death Mrs. Willard took
charge of the farm and business, remaining there-
30

on until 1903, when she purchased a residence in
Pittsfield, where she now resides. She also owns
her farm of one hundred and twenty acres in
Hardin township.

Mr. and Mrs. Willard had no children of their
own, but reared an adopted daughter, Martha,
who is a niece of Mr. Willard, and became a mem-
ber of their household when four years of age.
She is now the wife of J. F. Roberts, of Martins-
burg township. In his political views Mr. Willard
was a stanch republican but did not care for
office, preferring to give his time and energies to
his business affairs, in which he met with well
merited success. His integrity was above ques-
tion and- in, his life he exemplified many sterling
,traits of character. His widow is a member of
the ' Methodist ' Episcopal church, active and
earnest in its work, and belongs to the Ladies
Aid Society.

FRED S. GAY, M. D.

Dr. Fred S. Gay, actively engaged in the prac-
tice of medicine in Atlas township, is a repre-
sentative of one of the distinguished families of
Pike county, the name of Gay having long fig-
ured prominently and honorably in connection
with business interests and public life in this sec-
tion of the state. His parents were William H.
and Elizabeth (Shinn) Gay. The father was one
of the early settlers of the county, and is a veteran
of the Civil war, having loyally defended the
Union cause in the dark hours of the • country's
peril. He is now living a retired life, and makes
his home in Summer Hill.

Dr. Gay was born in Atlas township, July 23,
1878, and was reared upon his father's farm, ac-
quiring his preparatory education in the country
schools of his native township, and afterward
attended the high school at Pittsfield. Upon leav-
ing school he engaged in teaching for three years
in Pleasant Hill and Pleasant Vale townships, and
subsequently he engaged with the Milwaukee
Harvesting Company as a traveling salesman, oc-
cupying that position for about three years, dur-
ing which time he devoted his leisure hours to
reading medicine, for he had become imbued with

6o6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

a desire to enter upon the practice of the profes-
sion as a life work. In 1900 he entered the med-
ical department of the Barnes University, at St.
Louis, Missouri, and was graduated therefrom
in the spring of 1904, the degree of M. D. being
conferred upon him. He at once located for
practice in Rockport, where he has since re-
mained, and he now enjoys a large and lucrative
business, being ably assisted by his wife, who is
also a physician.

On the i8th day of July, 1905, Dr. Gay was
married to Dr. Emma Von Greyerz, a daughter
of K. G. and Mary (Gygax) Von Greyerz,
both of whom were natives of Bern, Switzerland.
On crossing the Atlantic to the United States, they
made their way to Louisville, Kentucky, Mrs. Gay
being at that time three years of age. They lived
in Louisville for ten years, when they went to
Kirkwood, Missouri, where they now reside.
Mrs. Gay attended the medical department of the
Barnes University in St. Louis, spending four
years in that institution. She was graduated with
the professional degree in 1905. Both have early
in their professional careers attained enviable rep-
utations as skilled physicians, and it is safe to pre-
dict still greater success in the future as repre-
sentatives of the medical fraternity. They are also
prominent socially, the hospitality of the best
homes of this part of the county being cordially
extended to them.

JACOB POWELL.

Jacob Powell, deceased, was one of the early
settlers of Pike county. He was a native of Ten-
nessee, born near Knoxville, September, 1828,
and came to Illinois with his parents about 1835,
settling about four miles west of Perry, Pike
county, where the family resided on a farm for
several years. From there they moved to the
north part of Hadley township, his father having
purchased a tract of land, which was well cov-
ered with timber and hazel brush, on which by
hard, persistent labor they laid the foundation
for a future, pleasant home. At that time there
was no regular laid-out public roads, in their

part of the country, but in going to the little in-
land towns, the settlers would take the most di-
rect line going through timber and brush, cross-
ing necks of prairie, creeks and ravines, moving
from their pathways only such trees as was
necessary.

At that time Quincy was but a little trading
post and steamboat landing, with but a few set-
tlements along the road between that place and
the Powell home. Yet Jacob, a mere boy, oft-
times had to take breaking plows to Quincy to a
somewhat renowned blacksmith, who had learned
the art of plow sharpening. The blacksmith oc-
cupied a small, log building. To this market he
used to haul grain with ox teams, and for sev-
eral years, during the summer and fall months,
broke hazel and prairie lands for new settlers in
his section of country.

Lands were cheap at that time, and fully real-
izing that .prices would advance, he invested his
hard earned money in Pike county lands, until
he had acquired over eleven hundred acres be-
side purchasing quite a tract in Iowa. In after
years he sold and divided a portion of his lands
among his children but at the time of his death
was the possessor of three hundred and sixty
acres, which was divided among the surviving
children.

In 1847 ne was married to Miss Elizabeth Mc-
Cleery, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Mc-
Cleery, of Hadley township. To this union were
born nine children, six of whom died in youth.
Those surviving are: Richard W., a prosperous
farmer and stock-faiser. of Hadley township:
Emily, wife of Samuel Grammer ; and Franklin
M. Powell, owner of and dealer in lands, being a
member of the Baylis Real Estate Agency. Both
he and his sister are residents of Baylis.

After the death of his parents Mr. Powell
bought from the other heirs the old home farm,
where he continued to live until 1887, when he
moved to Baylis and here he and his wife spent
• the remainder of their lives. Mr. Powell de-
parted this life September 27, 1903, and his wife
July 5, 1905. His life was marked throughout
by a spirit of enterprise and progress, coupled
with an unyielding integrity that won for him
respect and friends from all classes with whom

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

607

he came in contact. He was always ready to ex-
tend a helping hand to suffering and needy hu-
manity. His sphere of usefulness was in the
walks of private life. Both he and his wife were
members of the Methodist church and took an
active interest in church work, assisting in the
building and maintaining of a church which was
located on one of his farms. Politically he was
a stanch republican.

EDWARD S. HOYT.

The consensus of opinion concerning the busi-
ness ability and public service of Edward S.
Hoyt, cashier of the Griggsville National Bank,
is most favorable, for through many years he has
been a factor in business and political circles, his
labors being of a character that have contributed
to general progress as well as to individual suc-
cess. He was born in Griggsville township, Feb-
ruary 22, 1846.

His father, Sylvester C. Hoyt, was born in
Hartland, Vermont, October 11, 1818, and se-
cured his education in the schools of Charles-
town, Massachusetts. In the year 1836 he came
to Illinois with his parents, the family home being
established in Pike county. They made their
way westward from Charlestown, and after com-
ing to this county, Mr. Hoyt rented land for a
number of years, and operated a threshing ma-
chine with horse power. He then turned his at-
tention to merchandising, continuing in business
until 1856, when he extended the field of his ac-
tivities by engaging in the pork-packing busi-
ness, having built a packing house. In 1872 he
retired from active life, having in the meantime
acquired a handsome competence. He took a deep
interest in all public affairs, and served as a school
director for many years, also held various village
offices. His interest in community affairs was
deep and sincere, and led to his co-operation in
many movements that resulted beneficially to the
village. He was a member of the Congregational
church, and gave his political allegiance to the
whig party until the dissolution, when he joined
the ranks of the republican party. He was mar-

ried March 11, 1845, to Malinda M. Reid, who
was born in Tennessee, August 13, 1820, and died
May 28, 1854, leaving three children: Edward
S.; Frank H., who was born April 12, 1849, anc'
died May 21, 1894; and Alice M., born January
21, 1851, and died May 24, 1882. Mr. Hoyt
was married on the I5th of June, 1858, to Almira
P. Graham, a daughter of Israel Graham, of
Muscatine, Iowa. His third wife was Mrs. Eliz-
abeth Brakefield, a daughter of Deacon Carmer,
to whom he was married May 10, 1883. Mr.
Hoyt passed away May 6, 1894. He had for
many years been a resident of the county and
was respected as a man of genuine worth and of
unfaltering integrity in business life.

Edward S. Hoyt, spending the days of his
boyhood and youth under the parental roof, ob-
tained his early education in the public schools,
and afterward attended the Jones Business Col-
lege in St. Louis. When his text-books were put
aside he entered the field of business activity
and was engaged in clerking in a store until
twenty-three years of age. He then went upon
the river as a clerk on a steamboat running on
the Illinois, for seven years. He afterward en-
gaged in the shipping and commission business
at Griggsville Landing for ten years. He was
then appointed postmaster under President Har-
rison, serving in that capacity for four years,
and on his retirement from office gave his at-
tention to the insurance business and to the
settlement of estates. In 1902 he entered the
Griggsville National Bank as cashier and has
since acted in that capacity. He is thoroughly
acquainted with the banking business and is a
popular official with the patrons of the institution,
while the officers of the bank recognize his thor-
oughness, his capability and unfaltering devotion
to the best interests of the company which he
represents.

On the 1 2th of November, 1868, Mr. Hoyt
was married to Miss Emily Rider, who was born
September 30. 1847, and was a daughter of
Captain Samuel and Angeline (Carlton) Rider,
both of whom were natives of Massachusetts.
Her father was a seafaring man while living upon
the Atlantic coast. On his removal to the west
he settled in Illinois, and both he and his wife

6o8

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

are now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt three
children were born: Herbert, born March 26,
1870; Clara L., October 17, 1871 ; and M. Alice,
August 16, 1873. The wife and mother died
August 7, 1883, and on the i6th of January, 1888,
Mr. Hoyt was married to Mrs. Zilpha S. Wilson,
who was born July 7, 1852, and is daughter of
Benjamin T. and Ila (Howell) Shoemaker. Her
father was a native of New Jersey and came to
^Pike county, Illinois, in 1867, settling in Perry
township. While in the east he followed farming
and possessing considerable mechanical ingenuity,
he did horse-shoeing and made his own farm
implements. Since the second marriage of Mr.
Hoyt one son has been born, Arthur Sherman,
born May 21, 1890.

Mr. Hoyt is a stalwart advocate of republican
principles and has filled a number of offices, to
which he has been called by the vote of his fellow
townsmen, who recognized his worth and ability.
He was mayor of Griggsville for the term of
1895-6 and was school treasurer for six or eight
years. In discharging his official duties he has
ever been found prompt and reliable and his
capability has made him an officer whose service
has been of value to the city. He is a member
of the Congregational church and is interested
in all that pertains to the material, intellectual,
social, political and moral welfare of the city.
He has a wide acquaintance and his many good
qualities are such as entitle him to the regard
which is uniformly tendered him.

H. WALLACE HAINES.

H. Wallace Haines, who in his business career
has manifested the alert and enterprising spirit
which has been a salient feature in the -rapid and
substantial upbuilding of the middle west, is well
known as a member of the firm of Haines, Rupert
& Company at Rockport, general mercliants, con-
ducting a large and prosperous business. He
was born February 17, 1870, in Gilgal, Pike
county, a son of William M. and Ellen L.
(Crenshaw) Haines. The father was a native
of New Jersey and on coming to Illinois resided
for several years in Rockport. subsequent to which

time he removed to Gilgal, where he was mar-
ried. Following farming he became a prominent
representative of agricultural interests and won
a satisfactory reward for his well directed labors.
His death occurred in 1881, his remains being
interred in the Rockport cemetery. His widow
afterward married James D. Rupert, whose
death occurred in 1895. Mrs. Rupert still re-
sides in Rockport and is a most estimable lady,
whose circle of friends is a very extensive one.

H. Wallace Haines began his education in the
Rockport public schools and supplemented his
preliminary intellectual training by study in the
National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio,
where he pursued a three years' course and was
graduated with high honors, holding two diplomas
and receiving the degrees of Bachelor of Science
and Bachelor of Arts. Subsequent to his grad-
uation he returned to Rockport and entered
business life here as a member of the firm
of Anderson, Taylor & Company, with which
he continued for a year. On the expiration
of that period Mr. Taylor retired and the business
was then conducted under the name of Anderson
Rupert & Company until 1897, when the business
was closed out and the partnership was dissolved.
Mr. Haines, however, continued in mercantile
life in Rockport, opening a store in the old Nichols
Building, in which he continued for six months.
In the spring of 1898 he was joined in busness
by his mother, Mrs. E. L. Rupert, and the store
was then carried on under the firm name of
Haines & Rupert until 1900, at which time the
establishment with all of the stock was destroyed
by fire. At once, however, work was begun on
a new building and after two months business
was resumed under the present firm name of
Haines, Rupert & Company. This company
carries the largest stock of general merchandise
and lumber of any house in the western part of
Pike county and almost everything1 that is in
demand by the general public can be purchased
there save farm implements. Their stuck is.
always modern and is carefully selected and their
reasonable prices and honorable dealings recom-
mend them to the patronage of the general public.

On the 2Oth of April. 1893, Mr. Haines \vas
united in marriage to .Miss Amy L. Martin, a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

609

daughter of Hudson and Lyclia Martin, of Derry
township. Pike county. They now have two
children, a daughter and son: Gertrude Martin,
who is eleven years of age ; and Charles Wallace
Haines, a young lad of seven years. Their po-
sition socially is a foremost one and their
own home is justly celebrated for its pleasing
and gracious hospitality. Mr. Haines is a member
of the Masonic fraternity at Rockport and also
the Modern Woodmen camp and the Maccabees
tent. He votes with the republican party and
is deeply interested in its success but has never
sought or desired office, preferring to give un-
divided attention to his business affairs. In his
mercantile career he has wrought along modern
lines, keeping in touch with the onward march
of progress in the line of trade and his careful
management and keen and clear discernment in
business affairs have been salient elements in a
prosperous career.

WILLIAM H. JOHNSON, M. D.

Dr. William H. Johnson, popular profession-
ally and in social circles, enjoying a large practice
in Barry and the surrounding districts, is a native
of Florida, Monroe county, Missouri, born on
the 29th of May, 1855. His parents were Dr.
Robert J. and Mary (Tandy) Johnson. The
father was born in Rockbridge count}-, Virginia,
October 7, 1828, while the mother's birth oc-
curred in Palmyra, Missouri, February 12, 1839.
Their marriage was celebrated January 26, 1854,
Dr. Robert J. Johnson having removed from
Virginia to Ohio with his parents in his early
boyhood days and afterward accompanied them
when they went to Alissouri. He prepared for
his profession under the direction and in the
office of Dr. William N. Tandy, formerly of
Bourbon county, Kentucky, but at that time a
resident of Missouri. Having prepared for the
practice of medicine and surgery he then opened
an office in Monroe county and for thirty-two or
three years was an active practitioner at Florida,
giving his time and attention to the alleviation of
human suffering up to his demise. He was a

member of Santa Fe lodge, No. 462, A. F. & A.
M., was a democrat in his political adherence,
and his religious -faith was indicated by his
membership in the Christian church, to which
his wife also belonged. He died June 2, 1881,
and his death came as a personal loss to many
who knew him for he was the loved family
physician in many households and his pa-
tients had come to value not only his
professional skill but also his warm friend-
ship and cheering presence. Unto him and
his wife were born thirteen children, of whom
six are now living, William H. being the eldest.
The others are as follows : Adolphus, who was
born June 8, 1858, and is residing in Chicago,
where for the past twenty-five years he has been
connected with a wholesale house as traveling
salesman; Eva L., who was born April 7, 1861,
and is the wife of T. S. Gaitskill, a resident of
Monroe City, Missouri; Ina, who was born
January 6, 1868, and is the wife of George
Guthrie and is residing at Medicine Lodge,
Kansas; Albert S., who was born April 26, 1867,
and married Miss Mary Harrell, their home being
in Houston, Texas, where he if superintendent
of the 'Galveston, Houston & New Orleans Rail-
road ; and James J., who was born March 9, 1870,
and married Pearl Smith. Their home is a in
Houston, Texas, where he occupies a position as
train dispatcher.

After losing her first husband Mrs. Robert
Johnson was married, on the 2ist of January,
1896, to Burton Gray and they are now residing
in Barry. He was born in New York, November
5, 1822, and came with his parents to Illinois in
1830. He has long been a contractor and builder,
having erected some of the first houses built in
Barry, while many of the best structures of the
town still stand as monuments to his still
and capability in the line of his chosen
occupation. He is now living a retired life,
enjoying the fruits of his former toil. He
served as revenue collector for one term under
President James Buchanan and was a soldier of
the Mexican war, marching from Fort Leaven-
worth, -Kansas, to Mexico. He has long been
a member of the Sons of Temperance and Baptist
church, affiliations which indicate his upright

6io

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

life and his devotion to the principles which tend
to benefit and uplift humanity. His political alle-
giance is given to the republican party. He, too,
has been twice married, his first union being with
Sophronia Babcock, who died in 1857. They were
the parents of four children, of whom two are
now living: Ellen M., the wife of Richard Evans;
and Frank R., who is living in Allegheny, Penn-
sylvania.

Dr. William H. Johnson, whose name introduces
this record, having acquired his preliminary
education in the public schools, attended the Mis-
souri University at Columbia, Missouri, and
having determined upon the practice of medicine
as a life work he followed his preliminary reading
by a course in the Missouri Medical College,
formerly the McDowell Medical College and
now the Washington University. There he
completed the regular course and was graduated
with the class of 1879, when twenty-four years
of age. He then opened an office and located
for practice at Elizabeth, Monroe county, Mis-
souri, where he remained for one year, after
which he removed to Florida, where he was
associated in practice with his father until the
latter's death, relieving him in his later years of
the more ardous duties of the profession. In
August, 1883, he removed to Kinderhook, Pike
county, where he became associated with Dr.
Mark Pinnick, with whom he was connected
for two years. In 1887 he came to Barry and
entered into business relations with Dr. A. C.
Baker, with whom he remained for seven years.
He was then alone in practice until the ist of
August, 1905, when he admitted his son, Dr.
Charles Johnson, to a partnership. His practice
soon grew to gratifying proportions and he has
kept in touch with the progress that has marked
the medical fraternity through his association
with various medical societies to which he has
belonged and also by his extensive reading and
research.

On the I3th of January, 1880, occurred the mar-
riage of Dr. Johnson and Miss Jennie E. Poage
who was born June 25, 1855. Her parents were
John D. and Susan M. (Wright) Poage. The
former was born in Monroe county, Missouri,
July 2, 1829, and is now living in the Indian

Territory. His wife, however, who was born
in Philadelphia, April 26, 1831, died July 9,
1903. They had long traveled life's journey
together, for they were married when she was
twenty-one years of age. In their family were
three children but one has passed away. The
brother of Mrs. Johnson is William Poage, who
was born September 7, 1853, and married Miss
Alice Calhoun, now deceased. For his second
wife he chose Effie Poage, and now resides in .
Indian Territory. The father of Mrs. Johnson
engaged in teaching school in Missouri for a
number of years and served as assessor of
Monroe county. During much of his residence
there, however, he followed farming and stock-
raising, carrying on the business until 1875, when
he removed from his farm to Paris, Missouri,
where he was engaged in merchandising for three
or four years. He then took up his abode in
Florida, Missouri, and subsequently came to Pike
county, settling in Barry, where he lost his wife.
In the fall of 1903 he removed to Tahlequah,
Indian Territory, where he now resides. He
was a member of the Masonic lodge at Florida,
Missouri, is a democrat in his political affiliation,
and both he and his wife were members of the
Presbyterian church, in the work of which he
has been a most earnest an consistent member.
The marriage of Dr. and Mrs. Johnson was
blessed with five children. The eldest, Dr.
Charles A. Johnson, born January 8, 1881, was
graduated from the Keokuk Medical College
with the class of June, 1903, winning the honors
of the class although but twenty-one years of
age. He then engaged in practice at Beverly,
Adams county, and is now associated with his
father. He has made an excellent record both
as a physician and citizen and is a popular young
man, warmly esteemed by a large circle of friends.
He was married in 1905 to Miss Viola Mayes.
Sue B. Johnson, born August 18, 1884, was
graduated from the high school of Barry and
spent one year in the Missouri University.
Archie C., born October 7, 1887, Hazel F., born
May 28, 1889, and Mary Louise, born June 12,
1892, are all at home.

Dr. Johnson is affiliated with Pleasant Vale
lodge. No. 381, K. P. and with Ilderim Temple,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

611

D. O. K. K., at Jacksonville. In politics he
is a democrat and he belongs to the Christian
church, while his family are members of the
Baptist church. He contributes to the support
of both churches and is a generous man, whose
kindly spirit is manifest in his benevolent work
in the line of his profession. He has prospered
in his business career and has acquired a good
home and comfortable living for his family. He
is conscientious in his chosen field of labor and
has ever manifested a high standard of profes-
sional ethics, so that he enjoys the confidence and
respect of his fellow members of the medical fra-
ternity as well as of the public at large.

EVAN MEREDITH ROBERTS.

Evan Meredith Roberts, the owner of valuable
farming and stock-raising interests, makes his
home at Valley City, in Flint township. He is a
native of London, born June 23, 1828, and he
came to this country with his parents in 1834.
He is a son of E. M. and Sarah (Ward) Roberts,
who were Welsh people. The father was born
in Wales in 1792 and died in Jacksonville, Illinois,
on the 1 2th of May, 1868, while the mother's
death occurred in December, 1863, when she was
sixty-nine years of age. They crossed the At-
lantic on a sailing vessel which weighed anchor
at Gravesend, and after a voyage of six weeks
reached the harbor of New York city. He did
not tarry long in the east but came at once to
Illinois and finally located north of Jacksonville.
Later he returned to New York and brought his
family to this state, making the journey by way
of the Hudson river to Albany, thence by canal
to Buffalo and around the Great Lakes to Chi-
cago. There were seven hundred Indians in Chi-
cago at that time, having gone there for their al-
lowances granted them by the government. Mr.
Roberts continued his journey by canal to Utica.
New York, and after a week spent there made
his way to Beardstown by boat and on to Ar-
cadia, where he located. He there engaged in the
practice of medicine until 18^9, but in 1858 he
purchased eighty acres of land in Flint township.

Pike county. Subsequently he added to this a
tract of forty acres and in 1859 he built a house
upon his farm, making it his home until 1865. In
that year he went east to visit his brothers in
Massachusettts and spent two years in the old
Bay state. He afterward went to Jacksonville,
Illinois, and was with his son, Rev. James G.
Roberts, at the time of his death. His political
allegiance was given to the democracy. In the
family were four sons, of whom Evan M. is the
eldest. Rev. James G. Roberts, the- second, was
born in England, February n, 1830, was gradu-
ated from Illinois University and from the Ban-
gor (Maine) College, in which he prepared for
the ministry. For ten years he was pastor of the
Congregational church at Jacksonville, Illinois,
for nine years in Kansas City, Missouri, and at
the present time is pastor of a Congregational
church in New York city. He is a man of broad
scholarly attainments, accounted one of the lead-
ing divines of the Congregational ministry. He
has two sons who are graduates of Columbia Uni-
versity of New York. George Roberts, born in
England, December i, 1832, also prepared for the
ministry at Bangor College and was pastor of a
Congregational church in LaSalle, Illinois, at the
time of his death. Jacob J. Roberts was born in
England in 1834 and died in December, 1860.

Evan M. Roberts spent the first six years of his
life in .the land of his birth and then came with
his parents to America. He had poor health in
his boyhood days but availed himself of the op-
portunity of acquiring an education and took up
the study of medicine under the direction of his
father. He was also engaged in farming with his
father until 1868. He would not leave his parents,
but continued to assist them as long as they needed
his services. His life has been devoted to general
agricutural pursuits and at the present time
he is the owner of two hundred acres of
rich and valuable land in Pike county and one
hundred and seventy-three acres in Scott county,
his attention being given to general farming and
stock-raising. In the year 1905 he had about two
hundred and twenty-five acres planted to corn and
to the work of the farm he gave his personal
supervision, his sons, however, largely perform-
ing the labors of the fields.

612

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

On the igth of February, 1868, Mr. Roberts
was married to Miss Susan W. Kempton, who
was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, April
20, 1838, a daughter of Benjamin and Betsy
(Williamson) Kempton, the former born in New
Bedford, Massachusetts, in 1798, and the latter
in Fair Haven, Massachusetts. The father was a
cabinetmaker by trade, following that pursuit for
a considerable period in New Bedford. He held
membership in the Congregational church and
exercised his right of franchise in support of the
men who at the election stood for democratic
principles. He died in the year 1844, while his
wife passed away in July, 1868. In their family
were nine children, but only two are now living,
Margaret and Mrs. Roberts. The former is the
widow of Benjamin Fairfield, who died in Cali-
fornia, and she is now living in Fair Haven. Mas-
sachusetts. At the time of the Civil war Francis
Kempton. her brother, entered the service and
was in the navy, being assigned to the ship Semi-
nole. He was- in the squadron which captured the
city of Mobile and was largely engaged in guard-
ing the coast. They captured the blockade run-
ner, Sir Robert Peel, off the coast of Texas. Mr.
Kempton served his full time on this ship and
was one of its officers and after the war he was
with the Ocean Steamship Company running a
line of boats between New York and Savannah,
Georgia. He acted as captain of the ship Kan-
sas City and others, and eventually was made
commodore of the fleet.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Roberts were born four
sons and a daughter. Sarah, who was born No-
vember 17, 1868, is the wife of Leonard Hall, of
Pike county. Frank died in infancy. Evan M.,
born August 20, 1872, married Stella Hobson.
Louis F., born June i, 1874. married Stella Lynn
and is living on his father's farm in Scott county.
George R., born September 23, 1876, married
Jennie French and is also farming in Scott
county.

Mr. Roberts formerly gave his political alle-
giance to the republican party but is now a stanch
prohibitionist because of his views upon the tem-
perance question. He has served as justice of
the peace but otherwise has never held nor sought
public office. He belongs to the Methodist Epis-

copal church, while is wife is a member of the
Congregational church. The Roberts family have
long been active and influential in church work,
three uncles of our subject and two brothers being
isters of the Congregational denomination. One
of his uncles, Thomas Jenkins, was president of
Coward College of London and was the author of
two volumes, one entitled, "The Spirit and the
Church" and the other "The Atonement." The
degree of Doctor of Divinity has been conferred
upon him. George Arnold, his mother's uncle,
was a painter of one of the famous pictures of the
battle of Trafalgar in which Nelson was killed.
Like the representatives of his family Mr. Rob-
erts has ever stood for all that is right and just
between man and his fellowman, for honesty,
temperance and benevolence, for the good, the
true and the beautiful and now in the evening of
his days he receives the veneration and respect
which should ever be accorded one who has ad-
vanced far on life's journey and has traveled in
the path marked by high and lofty principles.

JOHN SIGSWORTH.

John Sigsworth, who is now practically living
a retired life in New Salem but is the owner of a
good farm of one hundred and sixty acres, to
which he gives his personal supervision, is famil-
iar not only with the history of pioneer life in
Pike county, but also with the eventful varied in-
teresting experiences connected with early develop-
ment and improvement of California following the
discovery of gold upon the Pacific slope. He was
among those who made the long journey across
the plains and over the mountains when there
were no railroads and when it required several
months in order to complete the trip, the trav-
elers often bearing many hardships as they slowly
proceeded on their way toward the setting sun,
over roads that were little more than a trail, hav-
ing to carry all of their provisions and supplies
with them because of the impossibility to obtain
anything as they journeyed over the great desert
or through the mountain passes.

JOHN SIGSWORTH

vt^

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Mr. Sigsworth is a native of England, born
on the 26th of January, 1825. His parents were
Joseph and Ann (Coleman) Sigsworth, both of
whom were natives of England, in which country
they were reared and married. In the year 1830
(our subject being then a lad of five years),
they started with their family for the new world,
taking passage on the sailing vessel St. Mary,
which weighed anchor in the harbor of Liver-
pool and arrived at Quebec after a voyage of
seven weeks. Mr. Sigsworth at once made his
way from Canada into the United States, locat-
ing in Ohio, where he remained until 1835, when
he came to Illinois, settling first in La Salle
Bounty, but he removed to Pike county in 1836.
He then took up his abode in Derry township,
which was an unbroken wilderness, and pur-
chased eighty acres of government land, on
which he built a log cabin. He then cut down
the trees, grubbed out the stumps, broke the wild
prairie and in fact performed all the labor inci-
dent to the establishment of a farm upon the fron-
tier. He was one of the worthy pioneer settlers,
carefully directing his labors as the years went
by and prospering in his undertaking until, at the
time of his death, he was the owner of five
hundred and sixty-three acres of land, which had
become very valuable because of the rapid settle-
ment of the county and also because of the care
he had bestowed upon the fields and the splendid
improvements he had placed upon the farm. Both
he and his wife were members of the Church of
England. His political allegiance was given to
the whig party but he was without aspiration for
office. Classed among the representative pioneer
settlers of the community, his position in this
regard was due to the active and helpful part
which he bore in the early progress and develop-
ment of this section of the state. He passed away
December 27, 1858, when past the age of sixty-
two years, while his widow surviving him, passed
away at the age of ninety years. Their three
children were also born in England but Elizabeth
and Benjamin are both deceased.

John Sigsworth, who was the second in order
of birth, can remember the time when the family
lived in a pioneer district of Ohio and also the
trip to Illinois, he being then about ten years of

age. When a youth of eleven years he became a
resident of Pike county and assisted in the diffi-
cult task of transforming wild and unbroken land
into productive fields. His educational privileges
were necessarily limited because of the primitive
condition of the schools in a front'ier district but
his training at farm labor was not meagre. He
was first married when about twenty-one years of
age and lived upon his father's farm until twenty-
five years of age. In 1850 he went to California,
attracted by the discovery of gold on the Pacific
slope and the business opportunities that were
thereby opened up. He traveled with a wagon
train overland- from Derry 'township, being on
the road for three months, following the old
government trail to Coloma. '"He -then engaged
in herding stock, being first employed by Johnson
& Company. Later he succeeded in obtaining
news tending to the whereabouts of his brother
Benjamin Sigsworth, who was then in California,
and joining him they together engaged in pur-
chasing from the emigrants cattle which had been
driven overland. The)' bought over one hundred
head in this way which they then herded and sold
as beef cattle. The brothers also took up a claim
of government land, on which they erected a
house, which was built, however, in New York
and shipped to California, it being necessary only
to put the parts together there. Mr. Sigsworth
of this review remained in California until the
fall of 1853, when he returned to Pike county
by the way of the isthmus and bought one hun-
dred head of cattle, with which he started over-
land to California in 1854. He journeyed as far
westward as Salt Lake City, where he sold the
cattle and purchased mules, continuing on his
way to California with four teams. He had with
him on this trip seven men and his wife. They
were five months on the road and after reaching
his ranch Mr. Sigsworth began raising barley and
stock, continuing in the far west until the fall
of 1858. He then sold out and returned to
Pike county, locating at New Salem. He has
since been a factor in business life in this part of
the county and at one time owned two hundred
acres of land. He also engaged in merchandising
for three years and he and his wife now own one
hundred and sixty acres of land, which he is

6i6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

farming, although he lives in the village. For
twenty-five years he was engaged quite exten-
sively in buying stock and grain and built an ele-
vator in New Salem, where he bought wheat and
corn. He also bought cattle, hogs and sheep and
conducted an extensive and profitable business
but now gives his attention merely to the super-
vision of his farming interests and therefore is
largely enjoying a rest, which he has truly earned
and richly deserves.

Mr. Sigsworth was married about the time he
attained his majority to Miss Sarah M. Brawley,
who was born in Ohio. She died at the age of
sixty-two years and of the seven children born of
their union two have also passed away, Jane and
John, who were the fourth and fifth respectively
in order of birth. Those still living are, Dennis
Benjamin, Lydia, Mary E., Alice and William.
For his second wife Mr. Sigsworth chose Mrs.
Rebecca Gleckler, whose birth occurred in Harri-
son county, Ohio, December 29, 1847. Her
parents were John and Casander (Lyons) Fife,
both of whom were natives of Ohio. Her father
died in 1868, at the age of sixty-two years, while
her mother passed away in 1871, at the age of
fifty-eight years. He was a farmer by occupa-
tion, following that pursuit in Ohio until the
spring of 1867, when he removed to Illinois and
purchased eighty acres of land. He then re-
turned to Ohio on business and died while in that
state. In his family were twelve children, of
whom eight are now living : Rachel ; James and
Easter, both deceased ; Jacob V. ; Sarah, who has
departed this life; Robert; Martha; Elizabeth,
deceased ; Rebecca, now Mrs. Sigsworth ; Cassie
J. : Samuel G. ; and John W. In early woman-
hood Miss Rebecca Fife gave her hand in mar-
riage to Andrew Gleckler, who died leaving two
children, Albert and Ralph. She afterward mar-
ried Mr. Sigsworth on the ist of December. 1891,
and they now occupy a pleasant home in New
Salem.

Mr. Sigsworth on each election day is found
at the polls to support the candidates of the
republican party for he has long been a stanch
advocate of its principles and policy. He has
served as assessor and tax collector and has been
a member of the school board for twenty-five

years or more. He was made a Mason in Barry
in 1859 and is now affiliated with New Salem
lodge, No. 218, A. F. & A. M., and has acted as
its treasurer. In the evening of his life he can look
back over many interesting experiences and relate
many incidents concerning the pioneer history of
this county and of his sojourn in California in
days of its early mining excitement and the de-
velopment which followed upon the discovery of
gold there. He was a great hunter while in the
west and had some exciting experiences when
bear hunting. He figured for many years as a
prominent and reliable factor in business circles
in this county and is still managing his farming
interests. With a wide acquaintance and many
warm friends in the county which has so long
been his home the history of his life can not fail
to prove of interest to the large majority of our
readers.

J. D. THURMON. M. D.

Dr. J. D. Thurmon is one of the progressive
and successful young men of Pike county who
has already given marked evidence of his skill
and ability as a representative of the profession
which he has chosen as a life work. He is prac-
ticing in St. Louis, Missouri, where a liberal pat-
ronage has been accorded him. His birth oc-
curred December 7, 1870, on the farm in Pike
county now owned by William H. Hess, his
parents being William H. and Lucy L. (Smith)
Thurmon. Upon the old homestead farm he was
reared and his preliminary education was ac-
quired in Bedford and West Grove schools in
Montezuma township, later taking a course in
the Normal School of Valparaiso, Indiana. He
remained upon the farm until twenty-seven years
of age, largely engaged in the work incident to
its further cultivation and improvement but think-
ing that he would find other occupation more
congenial, in the fall of 1897 'le went to Chicago,
where he accepted a position as traveling sales-
man with John E. Hoham & Company, publish-
ers, with whom he remained for about two years.
In 1890 he went to St. Louis. Missouri, where he
began the study of medicine, entering the Barnes

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

617

Medical College, from which lie was graduated
with honors in the class of 1904, the degree of
M. D. being conferred upon him in that year.

Dr. Thurmon following his graduation re-
moved to St. Francis county, Missouri, locating
in the town of Esther, where he engaged in prac-
tice for a year. He next opened his office in St.
Louis, where he has since remained and now has
a lucrative practice which is constantly growing
in volume and importance. He early demon-
strated his ability to cope with the difficult prob-
lems which continually confront the physician.
He had been well equipped for his profession by a
study that broadened his knowledge and pro-
moted his efficiency. The Doctor is a member of
the Woodmen Circle, the Woodmen of the World
and the Knights and Ladies of Honor. Although
yet a young man his life may well serve as an ex-
ample to others, showing what courage and am-
bition can accomplish. He has had no assistance
and has chosen as -a life work a profession in
which advancement depends entirely upon indi-
vidual merit. Already he has attained success
and prominence that many an older physician
might well envy and it is safe to prophesy that
still greater success will attend his efforts in
the future.

CAPTAIN A. J! LOVELL.

Captain A. J. Lovell is now practically living
retired from active business life in Pittsfield,
where he has made his home for the past twenty-
nine years. He is, however, the owner of con-
siderable real estate in the city and several farms
in Pike county, to which he gives his personal
supervision. A native of Pike county, Missouri,
he was born on the 25th of December, 1829, his
parents being William and Sarah (Updegrove)
Lovell, who removed from North Carolina to
Missouri in the fall of 1829, and there resided un-
til called to their final rest. The father died when
his son was but five years of age, and the wife
passed away several years later. Captain Lovell
had five brothers and two sisters but only two of
this number are yet living, the sister, Mrs. Polly
Lovelace, now residing in Missouri, at the age of

over ninety years, while her brother, Joseph C.
Lovell, is engaged in mining and makes his home
in Billings, Montana.

Captain Lovell, reared and educated in the
county of his nativity, remained there until 1856,
when he removed to Pike county, Illinois, set-
tling in Pleasant Hill township. For thirty years
he was engaged in merchandising with gratifying
success such as comes as the result of close ap-
plication, unremitting diligence and strong and
honorable purpose. During that time he pur-
chased several tracts of land and is today the
owner of about twelve hundred acres, although
his realty possessions at one time were much
larger. His farms lie in Newburg, Ross and
Pittsfield townships and are leased to various
parties but to the business interests connected
therewith Captain Lovell gives his personal
supervision. In June, 1876, he removed to Pitts-
field and completed his present home, which had
been begun by Samuel Hayes. In this city he
established a jewelry store, which he conducted
for a few years and then sold out. At the time
of the Civil war Captain Lovell raised a company
for service in defense of the Union and was mus-
tered in on the 6th of August, 1861, at St. Louis,
Missouri, owing to the fact that the Illinois quota
had been filled. He therefore became a mem-
ber of Company C, Tenth Missouri Infantry, and
was elected and served as captain for nine months,
the regiment being assigned to the Western
Army. He was discharged in May, 1862, and
then resumed business at Pleasant Hill, where he
continued until his removal to Pittsfield. He has
for many years been a director of the First Na-
tional Bank of this city but is largely living re-
tired in the enjoyment of a well earned rest.

Captain Lovell was married in Pike county,
Illinois, at Pleasant Hill, to Miss Rebecca A. Bar-
ton, who was born in that village in 1842 and is
a daughter of Thomas Barton, a pioneer and
prominent farmer who died before the Civil war.
Mr. and Mrs. Lovell have become the parents of
six children: Charles T., a salesman, who is mar-
ried and has two children and makes his home
in Louisiana, Illinois: A. B.. who is connected
with the board of trade of Chicago : F. P., who is
engaged in the jewelry business in Somerset,

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Kentucky, and is married and has two children ;
Addie F., the wife of Florin Knox, of Beards-
town, Cass county, Illinois, by whom she has
one child, a son; and Eva V. and Otis D.. both
at home.

In his political views Captain Lovell is an earn-
est democrat and has filled some local offices,
serving as justice of the peace and also as super-
visor. Socially he is a prominent Mason, having
been initiated into the order in May, 1853, and he
has since taken the degrees of the blue lodge,
commandery and chapter at Pittsfield. He also
belongs to the Methodist church. In his business
life he has made a creditable record, manifesting
the diligence, perseverance and keen discernment
which never fail to win success, while in other
relations _of life he has been found as a loyal sol-
dier and public-spirited citizen and a faithful
friend. He has reached the seventy-sixth mile-
stone on life's journey, respected and honored by
all who know him.

MRS. JANE E. ADAMS.

Mrs. Jane E. Adams, one of the worthy pioneer
women of Pike county, having long resided with-
in its borders where she has a wide and favor-
able acquaintance, was born in Troy, New York,
on the 20th of June, 1829. and there spent the first
seven years of her life, after which she came to
Pike county, Illinois, in 1836, with her parents.
John and Abigail (Bennett) Sanderson. Her
father was called to Rockport in that year to
build and tike charge of the flour and grist
mill there. He was both a millwright and car-
penter by trade and he performed the task as-
signed to him in a capable manner. He lived
alternately at Rockport and at Summer Hill until
1883 and after abandoning the milling business
he concentrated his energies upon carpentering
and erected the church and many residences in
Summer Hill and other parts of the county, in-
cluding some in Rockport. On the 7th of May.
1853. he lost his wife, who died at Summer Hill
and was buried in the cemetery there. He after-
ward wedded Mrs. Merrill, of Pittsfield, and at

her death her grave was made in the West ceme-
tery of that city. Mr. Sanderson passed away in
Pittsfield on the 3ist of October, 1893, and was
buried in Summer Hill cemetery by the side of his
first wife. By that marriage there had been born
eight children, six sons and two daughters,
namely : Mary A-, Charles H., Robert B., William
H., George R., Charles F., Jane E. and one son
who died at birth. Of these William H., George
R. and Mrs. Adams are still living.

Being brought to Pike county when a little
maiden of only seven years Mrs. Adams ac-
quired her education in the early district schools
and was reared amid the wild scenes and environ-
ments of pioneer life, so that her mind bears the
impress of early events and conditions in the
county when all families were forced to meet
hardships and trials incident to the establish-
ment of homes on the frontier. She was trained
to the duties of the household and was thus well
qualified to take charge of a home of her own.
when on the Hth of October, 1849, s^e gave her
hand in marriage to Jeremiah G. Adams, a son
of Israel A. and Harriet (Green) Adams, natives
of Rensselaer county, New York. The father
was a woolen manufacturer of the Empire state
and on leaving the east he removed with his
family to the Ross homestead in Pike county, Illi-
nois, in 1843. Here Mrs. Adams has lived for
fifty-six years. Her father engaged in farming
for many years, carefully cultivating his land and
carrying on the work of improvement until he
had a splendidly developed property in Atlas
township. He died September 17, 1883, and was
buried in the Adams and Dustin cemetery. His
wife survived until February 12, 1884, when her
grave was then made by the side of her husband's.

Jeremiah G. Adams was sixteen years of age
when his parents came to Pike county. He had
been educated in the schools of Stephentown.
New York, and following the removal to the west
he engaged in farming with his father up to the
time of his marriage in 1849. His father then
retired from the active management of the home
farm and he took charge of the property, continu-
ing its further cultivation and development for
many years. He added substantial improvements
to the home place and transformed it into a valu-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

619

able farm property, from which he annually har-
vested good crops that found a ready sale on the
market. In addition to his capable management
of his farming interests he found time and oppor-
tunity to serve in public office and filled the posi-
tion of supervisor of Atlas township for several
years. He was also a member of the board of
levee commissioners, was school trustee and at
the time of his death was road commissioner. He
held membership in the Congregational church,
to the teachings of which he was most loyal and
in the work of which he took an active and help-
ful part. His life at all times was honorable and
upright and he was fair in his dealings with his
fellowmen and just in his treatment of those with
whom he was associated. Moreover, he pos-
sessed a kindly, generous spirit and cordial dis-
position that won him warm friendships and
made him popular with those whom he met. His
death occurred at the family home in Atlas town-
ship, April 30, 1903, and his remains were, in-
terred in the Adams and Dustin cemetery. He was
a devoted husband, a kind and indulgent father,
and his personal qualities were such that his
death was the occasion of deep and widespread
regret throughout the entire community. He
had lived in the county from pioneer times to the
present era of progress and development and
had not only witnessed the trend of events but
also bore his part in the movements which have
resulted beneficially to his part of the county.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Adams were born nine
children, of whom one died unnamed at birth,
while the others were Hattie A., Mary E.. Clar-
ence A., Fannie, Laura V., George S., Maggie A.
and Jennie. Of these all are yet living with the
exception of Clarence A. and Jennie, the latter
dying July 24, 1865, and the former on the 5th of
January, 1875. They, too, were interred in the
Adams and Dustin cemetery. Mrs. Adams still
resides upon the old farm homestead in Atlas
township at the advanced age of seventy-six years
and for seventy years she has lived in Pike
county, few having arrived here prior to the time
when her parents established their home on what
was then a wild western frontier. She has led
a busy and useful life, has reared a family of
children who have done credit to her name and

teachings, and is now one of the esteemed and
valued pioneer women of the county, held in lov-
ing regard by many for her acts of kindliness and
many good qualities.

ASAHEL DUFF.

Asahel Duff, a resident of Spring Creek town-
ship, is the owner of two hundred and forty acres
of land, his farm being devoted to the produc-
tion of cereals and fruit. His land is located on
sections i and 12 and two hundred acres have
been placed under cultivation. His time and
energies are concentrated upon the further im-
provement and development of the place and he
has come to be known as an enterprising agricul-
turist.

Mr. Duff was born in Detroit township, Pike
county, February 10, 1846, and is a son of Asahel
and Abigail (Milligan) Duff. Tradition says
that the Duff family in America were descended
from thirteen Irish brothers, all of whom were in
revolt against King George and the English gov-
ernment when living in Ireland. The family
name at that time was spelled McDuff. A price
was set upon the heads of these brothers by the
English crown and therefore they emigrated to
America and changed their name to Duff. Before
separating after they came to America they agreed
to maintain the old Christian names commonly in
use in the McDuff family, including John, James,
Andrew, Philip, Joseph and Dennis. These
names frequently appear among the relatives of
this day. The brothers served in the cause of
liberty during the Revolutionary war, doing their
full share in winning the independence of the
thirteen colonies. After the close of the Revolu-
tion they separated and settled in different states
of the newly formed Union.

Philip Duff, grandfather of our subject, was a
native of Kentucky and was a son of one of the
original thirteen McDuff brothers who came to
the new world. He married a Miss Duncan, and
unto them were born eight children, five sons and
three daughters, namely: Andrew D., Alfred,
John, Hiram, Asahel, Ann, Jane and Lydia Duff.

620

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Of these Andrew D. and John served in the Mexi-
can war. Andrew D. Duff was also distinguished
in public life, serving for eighteen years as a cir-
cuit judge in a district which contained Jackson,
Marion, Franklin, Williamson and Saline counties.

Asahel Duff, father of our subject, was born in
Kentucky and at an early age accompanied his
parents on their removal from that state to Sa-
line county, Illinois, where they lived for a short
time and then removed to Franklin county, Illi-
nois. Later Asahel Duff, Sr., came to Pike
county, where for many years he carried on gen-
eral agricultural pursuits. He married Miss Abi-
gail Milligan, whose parents were natives of
Milledgeville, Tennessee, in which state they were
married. The mother's name in her maidenhood
was Hicks. Following their marriage they re-
moved to Illinois at an early day, Mrs. Duff be-
ing at that time a little maiden of about four
years. In their family were two sons, while Mrs.
Duff was the only daughter. Her father served
as a soldier in the war of 1812 and in a muster
of his company he was overcome by heat, which
caused his death. The death of Asahel Duff,
father of our subject, occurred in Newburg town-
ship, Pike county, in 1857, at *he age of fifty-six
years. His wife, who was born in 1808, also
passed away in this county when seventy-seven
years of age. In their family were nine children,
of whom Asahel Duff, of this review, was the
seventh in order of birth. The record is as fol-
lows : George B., Mary, Nancy, William C, Den-
nis, Elizabeth, Asahel, Hugh H. and Philip. The
last named died in infancy and others now de-
ceased are: George B., who died in 1861 ; Den-
nis in 1881 ; and Nancy in 1903. Dennis and Wil-
liam Duff served in the Union army throughout
the Civil war, Dennis acting for four years as a
member of Company E, Twenty-eighth Illinois
Volunteer Infantry, while William was for three
years a member of Company I, Ninety-ninth Illi-
nois Regiment of Volunteers.

In taking up the personal history of our sub-
ject we present to our readers the life record of
one who is widely and favorably known in Pike
county. He was reared upon his father's farm
in Newburg township and in the neighborhood
acquired a good common-school education, pur-

suing his studies in one of the old-time log
schoolhouses. On the 8th>;of October, 1874, he
secured a companion and helpmate for life's jour-
ney by his marriage to Miss Ruth H. Sweat, and
unto them have been born seven sons, as follows :
Andrew D., Asahel C., Cicero A., Henry E.,
Harry C., Virgil A. and Homer V. Of this num-
ber Cicero died in infancy. Mrs. Duff is the
daughter of John and Rachel Sweat. Her father
was a native of Maine and came to Pike county
in 1840. He was of Irish descent, while his wife,
who was born in New Hampshire, was of Eng-
lish lineage. They were married in Scott county,
Illinois, and soon afterward came to Pike county.
In their family were nine children, namely: Eva-
line G., Clara' V., Edwin T., James M., Ruth H.,
Mary E., Augustus J., Rosaline J. and Lestina V.
Sweat. Of these Edwin T. and Mary E. are de-
ceased.

Mr. Duff has always been independent in his
political affiliation, regarding rather the capability
of the candidate than his party connection. His
life has been one of activity and since starting out
in life on his own account he has made steady
progress. His farm of two hundred and forty
acres has been brought under a high state of cul-
tivation, two hundred acres of the tract being
now improved. He raises good crops of wheat,
corn and hay and he also makes a specialty of
raising cattle and hogs, having fine graded short-
horn cattle and Poland China hogs. Both
branches of his business are proving profitable.
He also raises fruit and take it all in all his farm
is a well developed property, neat and thrifty in
appearance and equipped with all modern im-
provements and accessories.

ALBERT EDWARD HESS.

Albert Edward Hess, owner, editor and pub-
lisher of the Barry Adage, was born in Mil-
waukee, Wisconsin, October ii, 1843. His father,
Adam Valentine Hess, was a musician, devoting
his life to the art. The son, after acquiring his
education, entered a printing office and thus pre-
pared for the business which he has made his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

621

life work. When only eighteen wears of age he
responded to the country's call for troops, serv-
ing for years, from 1861 until 1864, as a soldier of
the Union Army in the Civil war. On the 6th
of June, 1874, he removed to Quincy, Illinois,
and was editor of the Quincy Whig for a long
period. On the ist of November, 1898, he took
up his abode in Barry and is now publisher of
the Barry Adage, a well conducted paper with a
good circulation and advertising patronage.

On the 6th of May, 1865, Mr. Hess was married
in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to Miss Sarah E. Fish-
back. They have three sons, Chester A., Eugene
L. and Gus R. Mr. Hess belongs to the following
societies : The Ancient Order of United Work-
men, of which he has been grand master for Illi-
nois, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and
the Knights of Pythias fraternity. Of the last
named he has been past chancellor and has been
a member of the grand lodge of Odd Fellows.

WILLIAM H. GOODWIN.

William H. Goodwin, a merchant and constable
of Rockport, thus actively connected with the
village interests, his efforts being so directed
that his public-spirited citizenship is a recognized
element in his life, was born August 26, 1863,
in Atlas township, and was reared to farm life
on the homestead property of his father, Ben-
jamin Goodwin, who was a native of Indiana
and became a pioneer settler of Pike county.
Thoroughout his entire life Benjamin Goodwin
carried on farming, following that pursuit in
order to provide for his family. He continued
the work of the fields until his life's labors were
ended in death in 1890, his last days being passed
in his home near Dutch Creek church, while his
remains were interred in the old Samuel Taylor
cemetery about a mile and three-quarters from
Rockport. He was a Union soldier during the
Civil war, enlisting twice during the progress of
hostilities, and he served with the Ninety-ninth
Illinois Volunteer Infantry as a member of Com-
pany B until the end of the war. He married

Miss Minerva Billings, who is yet living at the
ripe old age of seventy-five years.

William H. Goodwin at the usual age entered
a district school on Dutch creek about five miles
from Rockport and therein pursued his studies,
dividing his time between the work of the school-
room and of the home farm. After puting aside
his text-books he concentrated his energies upon
general agricultural pursuits and was thus closely
connected with farming interests in Pike county
until September, 1899. At that date he put aside
the work of the fields and removed to Rockport,
taking up his abode in his present residence.
Here he engaged in loaning money on chattel
merchandise for a time and in December, 1901,
he opened the general store which he is conduct-
ing, having a good establishment, in which his
carefully selected line of merchandise, combined
with reasonable prices, finds favor with the public
and secures a good patronage.

On the 8th of September, 1887, Mr. Goodwin
was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Flint, a
daughter of Thomas P. and Mary E. (McCall-
ister) Flint, both of whom are now deceased.
They were natives of Pike county, Illinois, where
they spent their entire lives, and on being called
to the home beyond their remains were interred
in the Taylor cemetery near the Taylor school-
house. The paternal grandparents of Mrs.
Goodwin were natives of Tennessee and her
maternal grandparents were natives of Kentucky.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Goodwin have been born two
children, Chloe and Grover.

Interested in community affairs Mr. Goodwin
has assisted in executing the plans for general
improvement and progress and is recognized as
one of the valued and representative citizens of
the western part of Pike county. His earlier
political allegiance was given to the democracy
but during the past four years he has been an ad-
vocate of republican principles and upon the ticket
of the party was elected to the office of constable
of Atlas township in April, 1905. He is in hearty
sympathy with the teachings and principles of
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with
the Modern Woodmen of America, in both of
which fraternities he is a valued member. He
has accumulated his possessions through his own

622

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

energy and is in the best sense of the term a self-
made man. There have been no startling chap-
ters in his life history but his record is that of
one who has been true to duty in every environ-
ment. He has recognized that the present and
not the future holds his opportunity and that
the conditions with which he has been surrounded
have been sufficient for success if the individual
has the perseverance and determination to utilize
these for his own ends. This Mr. Goodwin has
done and his life record has therefore been that
of a successful farmer and merchant.

H. D. FORTUNE, M. D.

Dr. H. D. Fortune, who is one of the promi-
nent members of the medical profession of Pike
county and one of its old practitioners, is now
living in Pleasant Hill, having followed his pro-
fession in this village and vicinity for a third of a
century. He located here in 1874 and his profes-
sional service has been attended with a gratifying
measure of success, while public opinion is un-
divided concerning his ability. A native of Mis-
souri, Dr. Fortune was born in Pike county on
the 2ist of March, 1841, his father being Cap-
tain R. C. Fortune, whose birth occurred in Xel-
son county, Virginia, in 1803. The paternal
grandfather, George Fortune, was also a native
of Virginia and a soldier of the Revolution. Cap-
tain R. C. Fortune was reared in the Old Do-
minion and when a young man emigrated west-
ward to Missouri, settling in Pike county in 1830.
He had been married in his native state to Miss
Mary Vaughan, who was born in Virginia and
was of Welsh lineage. He became a farmer in
Pike county and there successfully carried on
general agricultural pursuits, reared his family
and spent his last days. He was connected with
many pioneer events and served as a captain in
the Black Hawk war, the sword which he car-
ried during that struggle being now in possession
of his son, Dr. Fortune. His death occurred in
1872, his wife having passed away only a few
days previously.

Dr. Fortune was reared in Pike county, Mis-
souri, and pursued his literary education in a

select school. Having determined upon the prac-
tice of medicine as a life work he began reading
in 1858 with Dr. M. N. Clark as his preceptor.
At the time of the Civil war he enlisted in the
Confederate service as a member of Company D,
Third Missouri Infantry. He participated in a
number of engagements, the first being at Car-
thage, Missouri, on the 5th of July, 1861. He
was also in the battle at Wilson Creek and he
was detailed as escort to take the body of General
Lyon to Springfield, Missouri, after that com-
mander fell. Subsequently he was in the battle of
Fort Scott, Kansas, and his last engagement
was in Callaway county, Missouri, a most hotly
contested engagement, the Union troops being
under command of General Prentiss. Dr. For-
tune was at that time attempting to get through
to the Confederate lines with new recruits. The
doctor managed to make his escape. Each side,
however, captured quite a large number of pris-
oners from the other army, but they were ex-
changed the following day. Becoming disabled,
Dr. Fortune was honorably discharged in 1862
and following his return home resumed the study
of medicine. He pursued his first course of
lectures in the winter of 1863-4 in St. Louis
Medical College and following his return home
entered the office of Dr. C. R. Banhead, at
Paynesville, Missouri, with whom he studied dur-
ing the summer months. In the fall he again re-
sumed his college course and was graduated in
the spring of 1865. He had been studying under
different perceptors for about six years and had
gained a broad and intimate knowledge of not
only the science of medicine but also of its prac-
tical workings. He entered upon the prosecution
of his chosen profession in Paynesville, Missouri,
where he remained in practice for about eighteen
months, when he refnoved to Prairieville, Pike
county, where he continued for several years.
He then came to Pleasant Hill, Illinois, on the gth
of August, 1874, and, opening an office here, has
since given his time and energies to his profes-
sional duties, being accorded a very liberal pat-
ronage, which is indicative of the trust imposed
in him by his fellow townsmen.

Dr. Fortune was married first in Pike county
on the 2d of September, 1865, to Miss E. I.

DK. H. D. FORTUNE

tt»*

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

625

Dougherty, a native of Pike county. She died
in Pleasant Hill, February 28, 1888, leaving four
children: J. R., who is engaged in farming; G.
D., now in Louisiana, Missouri; Hallie M., at
home ; and Dr. H. C. Fortune, who is also men-
tioned in this work. On the 8th of August, 1892,
Dr. H. D. Fortune was again married, his second
union being with Julia Richards, who was born
and reared in Pike county, Missouri.

Politically Dr. Fortune has been a lifelong
democrat, supporting the men and measures of
the party since casting his first ballot for Samuel
J. Tilden. He has never sought or desired politi-
cal preferment, yet has served as health officer.
He is a Master Mason, belonging to Pleasant Hill
lodge, No. 565, A. F. & A. M., in which he is a
past master. He has resided within twenty
miles of his present home throughout his entire
life and for a third of a century has lived in
'Pleasant Hill, where he is prominent both so-
cially and professionally, his business having
constantly grown until it has now reached exten-
sive proportions, and is the source of a gratify-
ing income.

SAMUEL A. KEYS.

Samuel A. Keys is the owner of a valuable and
Well improved farm of one hundred and seventy-
five acres in Montezuma township, lying on sec-
tions 27 and 34. He is one of the native sons of
this township, his birth having occurred on the
4th of July, 1854. His parents were Andrew and
Margaret (Armstrong) Keys, natives of Ireland,
born in County Fermanagh. They were mar-
ried on the Emerald Isle and they became the
parents of twelve children, nine of whom were
born in Ireland, while three were born in this
country after the emigration of the parents to the
new world. Only three of the number are now
living: Samuel A., who is the youngest of the
family, Frank and Marjorie. Of those deceased
John and Andrew were buried in Pittsfield, Illi-
nois; Tom. Robert and Sarah Jane in the Keys
graveyard on the old Frank Keys farm ; and
William and Joseph H. in the Green Pond ceme-
tery in Montezuma township. Pike county. Bes-

sie died January 7, 1906. The father died No-
vember 19, 1888, and was laid to rest in the
old cemetery near Milton, while his wife Mar-
garet died in 1879, an(^ was buried in the Keys
graveyard, but afterward the remains were ex-
humed and placed beside those of her husband
in the Milton graveyard.

Samuel A. Keys of this review was reared in
the usual manner of farmer lads, performing the
duties of the fields from the time of the early
spring planting until crops were harvested in the
late autumn. In the winter seasons he attended
the public schools, acquiring a fair knowledge of
the common branches of study. He was mar-
ried, October 4, 1885, to Miss Delila A. Ligon, a
daughter of John H. and Isabel (Bennett) Ligon.
Her great-grandfather, Henry Ligon, was a sol-
dier of the' Revolutionary war and died in Lincoln
county, Missouri, at an advanced age. Her fa-
ther, John H: -Ligorij was born in Lincoln county,
Missouri, in 1836, and throughout his business
career has devoted his time and energies to farm-
ing. He is still living in Montezuma township,
Pike county, at the age of seventy-two years —
one of its respected and worthy citizens. His
wife, who was born in Kentucky, April 6, 1839,
and was married in Lincoln county, Missouri, is
also living, and they have a pleasant home in
Montezuma township. Unto them were born
eight children: Delila, born October 13, 1859;
Douglas W., born December 13, 1860; William
H., July 6. 1862; James R.. December 6, 1863;
Mary E., June 7, 1868; Charles E., November
16. 1869 ; Lura B., January 9, 1870; and John A.,
October 31, 1874. Of these, two are deceased —
Charles E. and Lura B., the former having
passed away in 1898, and the latter April 10,
1903. Both were laid to rest in Green Pond
cemetery. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Keys were born
three children: John A., who was born in Sep-
tember, 1886, died July 26, 1888, and was buried
in the Green Pond graveyard; Maud M., born
March 8. 1888. is at home: and Harvey A., born
April 25, 1889, died February 17. 1904, and was
buried in the same cemetery as his brother.

Mr; and Mrs. Keys and their daughter have a
pleasant home in Montezuma township, where his
farm is well improved with modern equipments

626

PAST AND PRESEXT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and conveniences, the land having been brought
under a high state of cultivation. Politically Mr. '
Keys is a republican, unfaltering and inflexible
in his advocacy of the party and its principles.
He keeps well informed on the questions of gen-
eral interest, political and otherwise, and is deeply
interested in community affairs, giving his co-
operation to many movements for the benefit of
his township and county. He and his wife and
daughter Maud hold membership in the Chris-
tian church. He has a wide acquaintance in the
county where his entire life has been passed and
where he has so directed his labors as to win
signal success in his business life and friendly
regard in his social relations.

JOHN C. F. BOGGS.

John C. F. Boggs, the owner of three hundred
and ninety-seven acres of valuable land in Pike
county, is one of the native sons of Illinois, born
in Morgan county on the 8th of March, 1846.
The family is of Scotch lineage and was founded
in America by the great-grandfather of our
subject, who settled in this country prior to the
war for independence. His son, John Boggs, the
grandfather, lived and died in Hamilton county,
Ohio. His father, William G. Boggs, was born
in Nova Scotia in 1803, and when a young lad
was taken by his parents to Virginia, whence he
afterward removed to Ohio with his father and
mother. He arrived in Illinois about the year
1840 and later began farming on his own account
in Morgan county, having one hundred and
twenty acres of land. On this tract he built a
log cabin, which he occupied until 1856, after
which he spent two years in Jacksonville on ac-
count of the health of his wife. On the 28th of
September, 1857, he removed to Pike county,
where he purchased one hundred and twenty
acres of land that was partially improved. He
placed the remainder under cultivation and car-
ried on general farming, the fields becoming very
productive, so that good harvests were annually
gathered. He never cared for public office al-
though he acted as school director. He kept well
informed on the questions and issues of the day.

however, and voted with the republican party.
His religious faith was that of the Methodist
Episcopal church and he was found straight-
forward and honorable in all his relations with
his fellowmen, never taking advantage of the
necessities of another in any business transac-
tions. William G. Boggs wedded Miss Caroline
Fry, who was born in Chemung county, New
York, April n, 1820. His death occurred Janu-
ary 7, 1876, while his wife departed this life De-
cember 17, 1900, her last days being passed in
Nebraska. They were the parents of four chil-
dren, three sons and a daughter: Henry C., born
in 1844, served for three years in the Civil war
as a member of Company F, Ninety-ninth Illinois
Volunteer Infantry and is now living in Flor-
ence, Colorado. John C. F. Boggs is the next of
the family. Samuel H., born May 6, 1850, is now
living in Trumbull, Clay county, Nebraska. Myra
J., born April 29, 1856, married W. F. Cobb and
is living in Chicago.

The mother of our subject was born near Big
Flats, New York, April n, 1820, and was a
daughter of Charles and Phoebe (Burk) Fry,
who were also natives of the Empire state, where
their ancestors settled at a very early period in
the history of the new world, Mr. and Mrs. Fry
becoming residents of Illinois in the latter part
of the '303, taking up their abode in Morgan
county, where their remaining days were passed.
It was at Meredosia, Morgan county, that Mr.
and Mrs. Boggs were married in 1842.

John C. F. Boggs is indebted to the public-
school system of Morgan and Pike counties for
the educational privileges he enjoyed, having
come to the latter with his parents when eleven
years of age. He early became familiar with all
the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the
agriculturist and has made farming his life work.
As a companion and helpmate on life's journey
he chose Miss Sarah M. Stauffer, whom he wed-
ded on Christmas day of 1879. She was born
August 18, 1853, of the marriage of John and
Sarah (Hilliard) Stauffer. Her father was born
in Fayette county. Pennsylvania, April 15, 1817.
and the mother's birth occurred in Virginia. Janu-
ary 4. 1814. Both reached an advanced age. Mr.
Stauffer passing away in Fairmount township.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

627

April 25, 1885, an(l his wife in the same town-
ship, November 6, 1882. When a boy Mr. Stauf-
fer accompanied his parents on their removal
from Pennsylvania to Ohio and later came with
them to Illinois, where they settled about 1834.
He attended the public schools in this state, was
married at the age of twenty-three years and then
started out in life on his own account. He en-
tered eighty acres of timber land from the gov-
ernment, from which he cut the trees and pre-
pared the land for plowing. His marriage to
Miss Milliard was celebrated in her father's dou-
ble log cabin. The young couple built them a
home of logs on forty acres of land, which the
wife had entered from the government. The fur-
niture in the little home consisted mostly of stools
and a table which Mr. Stauffer made. Later he
bought more land and became one of the most
prosperous farmers and extensive property hold-
ers of the locality, having eighteen hundred acres
at the time of his death. He was a very promi-
nent and influential citizen and his political alle-
giance was given to the whig party. He acted as
justice of the peace and school director and he
belonged to the Christian church. In their family
were nine children, of whom seven are yet living:
George W., born October 13, 1840, was a mem-
ber of Company D, Fiftieth Illinois Volunteer In-
fantry, and is now residing in Missouri ; Jacob E.,
born January 19, 1842, served with Company F,
of the Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, now resid-
ing in Missouri ; Mary E., born August 19, 1843,
is the wife of Jasper Seybold and they reside in
Harvard, Clay county, Nebraska ; Louisa died in
infancy: William H.. born January 23. 1847, is
living in New Salem township ; Nancy L., born
April 16. 1850, is the wife of John Hoffsess, of
Missouri ; Mrs. Boggs is the next of the family :
John C.. born August 7, 1855, ls living in Fair-
mount township. Their youngest child died in
infancy.

Unto our subject and his wife have been born
four children, of whom one died in infancy, while
John W.. born November 5. 1882, died October
3. 1897. Chrissic H., born September 12, 1886.
and Sarah E., October 4, 1891, are at home.

P>efore his marriage John C. F. P>oggs began
farming for himself upon eighty acres of land in

Piatt county, Illinois, where he remained for four
years. He then returned to Fairmount township,
where he resumed general agricultural pursuits
and subsequently he purchased the interests of
of the other heirs in the old homestead property
in 1878. He has since added to this tract until
within its borders are now comprised three hun-
dred and ninety-seven acres of valuable land all
under cultivation except about one hundred acres
of timber. He has just completed a new residence
built in modern style of architecture and supplied
with all the conveniences and comforts that go to
make a desirable home. He has been engaged in
general farming and stock-raising upon this place
for the past twenty-three years and its excellent
appearance indicates his careful supervision and
earnest efforts. He has never wished public of-
fice but has given his undivided attention to his
business affairs, in which he has met with grati-
fying success. He holds membership in the
Church of Christ and in politics is a stanch repub-
lican. His farm gives every evidence of careful
supervision and practical methods and the owner
is a man who in his business relations has been
found thoroughly reliable and trustworthy. He
has therefore gained the respect of his fellowmen
and has also won warm friendships by reason of
a genial manner -and cordial disposition.

W. H. MEISENBACH.

W. H. Meisenbach, practical and progressive,
is one of the oldest merchants of Pike county,
conducting a large and profitable business in
Pearl. He was born in Bedford on the i7th of
September, 1858, his parents being Charles and
Caroline (Lange) Meisenbach, both of whom were
natives of Germany, whence they came to Amer-
ica in 1849. The father settled in St. Louis and
there he formed the acquaintance of Miss Caroline
Lange, to whom he was married on the nth of
October, 1857. He afterward took up his abode
in Bedford, Pike county, where he engaged in
blacksmithing for a year and in 1859 he removed
to Bee Creek, where he continued to work at
his trade until 1872. He then abandoned black-

'628

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

smithing in order to engage in merchandising
and in various speculations and in 1882, associated
with his son, W. H. Meisenbach, he opened a
store at Pearl, the relation between them being
maintained until 1894, when he sold out to his son
and partner, who has since successfully carried
on the business. In the meantime the father had
made extensive and judicious investments in real
estate, becoming the owner of over one thousand
acres of the best farming land in Pike and Cal-
houn counties. His property is very valuable
and returns to him a large annual income. He is
now permanently retired from active business
cares and is living with his wife at Whitehall.
Illinois. His life record stands as a splendid ex-
ample of what may be accomplished through de-
termined and earnest effort and the exercise of
good business judgment. Unto Mr. and Mrs.
Meisenbach were born seven children, namely:
W. H., of this review; Charles D., deceased; a
son who died in infancy unnamed; August;
Louisa F., Albert E. ; and Julia C.

W. H. Meisenbach acquired a good common-
School education and has carried on business for
himself since 1882, when his father placed him in
charge of their general mercantile store in Pearl.
He is an active, prosperous and leading mer-
chant, carrying a large and well selected line of
goods and meeting with excellent success in his
undertakings. He was associated with his father
until 1894, when he purchased his partner's inter-
est and became sole proprietor. He has since con-
ducted the business alone and has found it a
profitable undertaking. In addition he also owns
four hundred acres of valuable farming land, of
which one hundred and fifty acres is devoted to
fruit, while the remainder is used for the cultiva-
tion of cereals or for pasturage, and in the town
of Pearl he has a beautiful residence.

On June 20, 1884, Mr. Meisenbach was united
in marriage to Miss Kate I. Stillwell, a daughter
of James and Catharine Stillwell, of Pike county.
Illinois. She was one of the prominent teachers
of this county and was acting as principal of the
public schools of Pearl at the time of her mar-
riage. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Meisenbach have been
born eight children: Eloise, Halbert L.. Carolyn,
Rollin. Vera, Hilda Catharine, Hila and Carl

Meisenbach. Of these all are yet living with the
exception of Halbert L., who died at the age of
fourteen years.

Mr. Meisenbach is one of the most prominent,
successful and leading citizens of Pearl and has
done much for the welfare and upbuilding of the
town. His influence is ever on the side of right,
progress and improvement. In politics he is and
has always been a stanch prohibitionist and has
ardently advocated the temperance cause, feeling
that it is best for the interests of the community.
He was elected on the first temperance board of
Pearl and proposes to keep up his work in this di-
rection. He belongs to Milton lodge, No. 275.
A. F. & A. M., Nebo camp, No. 970, M. W. A.,
and both he and his wife are prominent and influ-
ential members of the Baptist church of Pearl.
He has a very wide and favorable acquaintance
and in business life has made a splendid record,
never incurring obligations that he does not meet
nor making engagements that he does not fill.

FRANK CLAUS.

Frank Claus, a general merchant of Atlas, who
has followed the "merit system" in his business
career, winning success because he deserves it,
owing to honorable and straightforward methods,
and earnest desire to please his customers, was
born in Maroa, Macon county, Illinois, on the
24th of January, 1868. He was but four years
of age when brought to Pike county by his par-
ents, George and Cyrena (Carey) Claus. The
father was a native of Germany, and crossed the
Atlantic to America about 1853, settling at first
in Ohio. He afterward came to Illinois, settling
in Pike county. Following his marriage he re-
moved to Maroa, Macon county, the birthplace
of our subject ; and about 1872 he again came with
his family to Pike county, settling in Derry
township. He was a farmer by occupation, de-
voting his entire life to general agricultural pur-
suits. In the family were a son and daughter,
but the latter, Josephine Claus, died in 1888 and
was buried in the \Yest cemetery at Pittsficld.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

629

When Frank Claus first came to Pike county
he resided with his grandfather, Peter Carey, a
pioneer farmer of Derry township, who came to
this county from New York city in 1837. During
the gold excitement in California in 1849 the
grandfather went to the Pacific coast accompanied
by Carlisle Burbridge, William Gorden and Isaac
Holman, of Pike county. They made an overland
trip with ox teams, and eventually reached the
land of gold; but, not meeting with the success
they had anticipated in their search for fortune,
they all returned, but separately, to Pike county.
Here Peter Carey took up the pursuit of farming
again, which he continued until the disabilities
of age prevented his further active work. He
died in 1899 at his home in Derry township, hav-
ing for several years survived his wife, who
passed away in 1884, in Macon county, Illinois.

Frank Claus was reared in his grandfather's
home, and acquired his primary education in the
district schools of Derry township, while later
he attended the public schools of Pittsfield. His
work during the summer months enabled him to
continue his studies through the winter seasons,
for he depended entirely upon his own resources
in order to meet the expenses of his school course.
Later he engaged in teaching school in Atlas for
a year, and subsequently taught in various coun-
try schools in Pike county for about ten years,
proving an able educator. After putting aside the
duties of the schoolroom in 1898, he built his
present store in Atlas and stocked it with a large
line of dry goods, groceries, hardware, boots and
shoes, drugs and notions. In this business he his
since continued, meeting with good success. He
now has a well appointed store, and through his
honorable methods and unfaltering energy, has
secured a large and paying trade.

On the 8th of September, 1897, Mr. Claus was
united in marriage to Miss Marietta Dodge, a
daughter of Harland 1'. and Emma T. (Carter)
Dodge. The father was a native of Maine, and
after his marriage, came to Pike county, Illinois,
where he engaged in farming and levee work, be-
ing recognized as an expert authority on matters
connected with the building of levees. He died
in Atlas, June 27, 1899. His wife and three chil-
dren survive him. Mrs. Dodge with two daugh-

ters resides in Louisiana, Missouri. Unto Mr.
and Mrs. Claus have been born four children:,
Frank Leslie, who was born September 5, 1898;
Harold P., December 27, 1900; Eugene C, Feb-
ruary 27, 1903; and Edna May, May 31, 1905.
In his political views Mr. Claus is an earnest
and stalwart republican, who has long upheld the
principles of the party. He holds membership re-
lations with the Masonic fraternity, the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern
Woodmen of America. Dependent upon his own
resources for his education, as well as for his
business advancement, he early displayed the ele--
mentary strength of his character in strong arid
earnest purpose, which enabled him to prose-
cute his studies in the face of difficulties.
Throughout his entire life he has shown marked
self-reliance and business activity, coupled with
sound judgment and resolution ; and he certainly
deserves much credit for the success he has ac-'
complished as the years have gone by.

GEORGE D. BUSH.

George D. Bush, one of the leading merchants
of Pike county, who has been an active business-
man of Nebo for fourteen years, dates his resi-
dence in Illinois from 1880 and since 1891 has
lived in this section of the state. His birth oc-
curred in Jefferson county, New York, on the
27th of March, 1842. He is a son of O. E. Bush,
a native of Vermont and a grandson of Squire
Bush, who was one of the early settlers of New
York, taking up his abode in Jefferson county
in 1803. O. E. Bush was there reared and edu-
cated and when he had attained man's estate he
was, married there to Miss Janette Heald, a na-
tive of Jefferson county and a daughter of David
Heald. who was born in Vermont and became
one of the first settlers of Jefferson county, New
York. He was influential and active in public af-
fairs there and served as the first supervisor of
Antwerp township. O. E. Bush was a farmer
by occupation and an active business man. He
went to California in 1849, making the overland
trip and spent twenty years upon the Pacific coast

630

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

engaged in mining and farming. After he had
been there for a time he was joined by his fam-
ily. Eventually he returned to the east, locat-
ing at Colecamp, Missouri, whence he removed
to Ceredo, West Virginia, where he lived re-
tired up to the time of his death, which occurred
about 1888 or 1889. His wife died two years
later.

George D. Bush was reared in Jefferson coun-
ty, New York, and was a student in the public
schools there. When a young man he entered
upon his business career as a clerk in Watertown
and was thus employed for several years. In
1861 he went to California, joining his father's
family there and in that state he accepted a posi-
tion in a mercantile house at Chico, where his
business capacity and enterprise won him promo-
tion and eventually secured his admission to the
firm as a partner under the style of Chapman,
Titcom & Bush, general merchants. He thus
continued at Chico for several years, doing a
good business, but eventually sold out on account
of poor health and removed east to Missouri,
locating at Colecamp in Benton county, where he
carried on business for two years. On the ex-
piration of that period he disposed of his busi-
ness there and returned to California, where he
again engaged in merchandising and when he
once more sold out on the Pacific coast he made
his way to West Virginia, where he turned his
attention to agricultural pursuits continuing upon
a farm there until coming to Illinois. Locating
in Calhoun county, this state, he once more
bought out an established business, which he
conducted for three years, when he disposed of
his store and removed to Frankford. There he
again bought a store and sold goods for eight
years and in 1891 he came to Nebo and estab-
lished a new store in this village. He has been
quite active in business here. He put in a large
stock of general merchandise and now occupies
three large store rooms, well filled with goods
of every description found in a first-class estab-
lishment of this kind. He has built up a large
and profitable trade and is recognized as one of
the leading business men of the county.

In 1867, in Keokuk, Iowa, Mr. Bush was mar-
ried to Miss Marv Lee, a native of Illinois,

where she was reared, and educated. There are
three children of this marriage. Charles Bush,
the eldest, is married and is a partner in his fa-
ther's mercantile business. His education was
acquired in Keokuk and Frankford. Nettie is
the wife of Dr. Walter Urban, a dentist of Perry-
ville, Missouri. Harry is married and clerks in
his father's store in Nebo.

Politically Mr. Bush has been a lifelong re-
publican, having supported the party since cast-
ing his first presidential ballot for Abraham Lin-
coln. He takes a great interest in the political
affairs of the country but has never sought of-
fice, giving his unremitting attention to his busi-
ness. He and his wife are members of the Meth-
odist Episcopal church of Nebo and since 1863
he has been identified with the Independent Or-
der of Odd Fellows, which he joined in Cali-
fornia. He has served through various chairs,
and is past grand of the lodge with which he
now holds membership. For a quarter of a cen-
tury he has made his home in Illinois and since
coming to Nebo has been thoroughly identified
with the interests of Pike county. An active,
prosperous merchant and public-spirited citizen.
his labors have been effective in promoting gen-
eral progress and improvement as well as indi-
vidual success and the public opinion regard-
ing his ability and worth is very favorable. Mr.
Bush is a close observer and his knowledge,
gained from travel and experience, is of great
value to him and a pleasure to those with whom
he meets. In 1865-6 he visited Central America
and Mexico and on several occasions has visited
the provinces of Canada, besides having been
over many parts of the United States.

A. M. APPLEGATE.

A. M. Applegate is a grain-dealer of Pearl,
whose intense and well directed efforts have made
him a leading representative of business activity
in Pike county. The unostentatious routine of
private life, although of vast importance to the
welfare of the community, has not figured to any
great extent on the pages of history, but the names

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

631

of men who have distinguished themselves by
the possession of those qualities of character
which mainly contribute to the success of private
life and to the public stability and who have en-
joyed the respect and confidence of those around
them should not be permitted to perish. Their
example is more valuable to the majority of read-
ers than that of heroes, statesmen and writers, as
they furnish means of subsistence for the mul-
titude, whom in their useful careers they have
employed and promote the commercial activity
whereon depends the welfare of every community.
Such are the thoughts that involuntarily come to
our minds when we consider the life of him whose
name introduces1 this review and who has made
a splendid record in business circles and is to-
day in control 'of an extensive grain trade.

Mr. Applegate was born in Spring Creek town-
ship, Februay 22, 1871. His parents were Har-
rison C. and Ellen (Stone) Applegate. The
.paternal grandparents were James Monroe, who
was born October 31, 1804, and Jerusha (Stark)
Applegate, born February 16, 1816. The former
came to Illinois and engaged in farming here until
his death on March 5, 1874. His wife lived
to an advanced age and spent her last days in
Texas, dying on February 5, 1898. The mater-
nal grandparents of Mr. Applegate were Nathan
and Mildred Stone, who both died in 1874. He
was a farmer, stock-raiser and butcher and both
died in Pike county. Harrison C. Applegate
was born July 17, 1843, in Indiana and became
a farmer of Illinois, removing to his state with
his parents in pioneer times. For many years
he was closely associated with agricultural inter-
ests in Pike county and he died in Spring Creek
township on March 14, 1874. His wife was born
August 26, 1850, in Kentucky, her parents, who
were natives of Virginia, having come to this
state at an early day. Following the death of
her first husband she was married in the fall
of 1880 to Martin Whalen, of Greene county,
Illinois. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Applegate were
born two children, the sister, who was the young-
er, being Viola Applegate, who still resides with
her mother in Pearl. By the second marriage
there were three children, namely : Mary, Jennie
and James Whalen.

A. M. Applegate acquired his primary education
in the country schools of his native township
and afterward continued his studies in White-
hall, Greene county, Illinois, to which place the
family removed in 1881. In the spring of 1882
they became residents of Pearl and here Mr.
Applegate completed his education. He suc-
cessfully passed a teacher's examination in 1885,
but decided not to give his attention to the work
of public instruction and entered upon his
business career in connection with the grain
trade, becoming an employ of I. L. Lemon, a
grain merchant of Pearl, who was afterward suc-
ceeded by Joseph Schultz, Sr. Mr. Applegate
remained in his employ until the spring of
1896, when Mr. Schultz made an assignment. A
receiver was appointed and the plant was rented
by the receiver to Mr. Applegate until the ad-
justment of the property under his charge. Our
subject then purchased the plant under the fore-
closure1 and thus embarked in the grain trade on
his own account. The property at that time con-
sisted of the warehouse, corn crib and corn sheller,
located on the Kne of the Chicago & Alton Rail-
road. Bringing to his business great enterprise,
thorough understanding of the trade and a land-
able ambition, Mr. Applegate gradually increased
his business and in time found it necessary to
provide a grain elevator, which he erected at a
cost of four thousand dollars, including machinery
and a gasoline engine. It was constructed in
1903 and is a fine structure, having storage ca-
pacity for fifteen thousand bushels. It is pro-
vided with a Hopper scale and necessary cleaner
for weighing and handling grain for shipment.
The corn crib has a storage capacity of ten thou-
sand bushels of ear corn. Mr. Applegate is
now conducting a large and profitable business
and in addition to the operation of his elevator
and management of his other interests he buys
salt in carloads and supplies to the wholesale
and retail trade and in the same way handles
northern seed potatoes. Mr. Applegate is a
member of the Illinois Grain Dealers Association
and is one of Pike county's most prosperous
and public-spirited citizens, who has contributed
largely to the prosperity and welfare of Pearl.
Considering the limited opportunities which he

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

enjoyed in his youth he has achieved much more
success than is ordinarily gained and is indeed
one of the most prosperous, energetic and re-
spected business men of Pearl township. He is
a self-made man, who without any extraordinary
family or pecuniary advantages at the commence-
ment of life has battled earnestly and energetically
and by indomitable courage and integrity has
achieved both character and prosperity, having
by sheer force of will and untiring effort worked
his way upward.

BLUFORD HEAVNER.

Bluford Heavner, a banker and merchant at
Pearl, was born October 25, 1858, near Time,
Hardin township, and is a son of Oliver and Sa-
rah (Brace) Heavner. The father was a native
of Kentucky, born near Bowling Green and about
1840 came to Pike county, after which he carried
on general agricultural pursuits in Hardin town-
ship up to the time of his death, which occurred,
however, in Calhoun county, Illinois, in the latter
part of August, 1885. His wife was born in
Hardin township in 1834. The paternal grand-
father, Samuel Heavner, came from Kentucky to
Illinois in the latter part of his life and died near
Bayville, Pike county.

No event of special importance occurred to
vary the routine of farm life for Bluford Heavner
in his boyhood days. He spent his youth in his
parents' home, acquired his education in the
country schools of Pike and Calhoun counties
and worked in the fields through the summer
months, assisting largely in the farm labor. It
was in 1871 that he removed with his father's
family to the vicinity of Belleview, Calhoun
county, where he completed his education. He
continued a resident of that county until 1880,
during which time he was engaged in general
agricultural pursuits, but thinking that he would
find other business interests more congenial he re-
turned to Pike county and located at Pearl, where
he has resided continuously since. Here he first
engaged in the drug business but after a few
years sold his interest in this line and turned his

attention to general merchandising. Soon after-
ward he added a line of furniture and under-
taking goods and he continues this branch of his
business. He has a large and well selected stock
of hardware and furniture and his business is
carefully conducted, so that he is enabled to real-
ize a good financial return from his investment.
He has never been known to overreach his fellow-
men in a business transaction but is just and
straightforward and has secured a liberal patron-
age. In July, 1905, in connection with Mr. Man-
ker he was one of the organizers of the Bank of
Hillview and thus become an active factor in
financial circles in Pike county.

Mr. Heavner belongs to the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows with which he has affiliated for
eighteen years and he likewise has membership
.relations with the Knights of Pythias. He is a
self-made man in every sense of the term and
while promoting his individual interests he has
also labored earnestly for the general welfare.
He opposes strongly every measure which he be-
lieves inimical to the public good and at the same
time supports with earnest and unfaltering loyalty
any plan or measure which he deems will prove
of public benefit. It is said that he and his asso-
ciate in the banking business, Mr. Manker, have
done more for Pearl than any five residents of the
village. Mr. Heavner is a representative of a
pioneer family and from an early period in the
development of the county the name has ever
stood as a synonym for good citizenship and de-
voted loyalty to the interests of both public and
private life.

HARRY A. MASSIF.

The subject of this sketch was born in New
Canton, Illinois, April n, 1868, and is a son of
M. D. and Mary E. Massie. He was educated
in the schools of New Canton and spent two
years at the Western Normal College at Bush-
nell, Illinois. He learned telegraphy when quite
young and after leaving school accepted a posi-
tion with the Missouri Pacific Railway as tele-
graph operator and has since worked in the fol-
lowing states as an operator and train dispatcher:
Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas,

HARRY A. MASSIE

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

635

Colorado, Wyoming and Illinois, the principal
cities in which he worked being Kansas City,
Missouri, Atchison, Kansas, Little Rock and
Pine Bluff, Arkansas, Denver, Colorado, and
Grand Island, Nebraska. In March, 1903, he
moved back to New Canton and succeeded his
father in the general merchandise business and
is conducting a successful business now.

Mr. Massie was united in marriage in 1887
with Miss Lucretia Crews, of New Canton. They
have had three children : Lelah, Paul and Helen.
The youngest, Helen, died at the age of nearly
eleven years. Mr. Massie is a member of the
Woodmen, Mutual Protective League. Knights
and Ladies of Security and Knights of Pythias.
He is one of the town trustees and is a useful
and energetic citizen.

SAMUEL MOORE.

Samuel Moore, a retired farmer living in New
Salem, is a native of Harrison county, Ohio, his
birth having there occurred on the I2th of Octo-
ber, 1842. His parents, John and Sarah (Simp-
son) Moore, were both natives of Allegany
county, Maryland, born near Harper's Ferry.
The paternal grandfather, John Moore, Sr., was
for seven years a soldier in the American army
in the Revolutionary war. The maternal grand-
father, Reese Simpson, was also one of the he-
roes of the Revolution, being for two years on
the sea as a member of the navy and for five
years operating with the military forces on land.
Soon after their marriage John and Sarah
(Simpson) Moore, traveling on horseback,
made their way to Ohio and located on a farm
in Harrison county, where they remained until
1844, when they came to Pike county, Illinois.
They located first at Quincy, however, where
they spent nine months and then took up their
abode in New Salem township, Pike county,
about three miles northeast of New Salem. Mr.
Moore entered forty acres of government land,
which he cleared and improved, building there-
on a log house in which he raised his family.
He spent the remainder of his life in New Salem

township, devoting his energies to general agri-
cultural pursuits, and there his death occurred in
1885. He was one of the worthy pioneer resi-
dents of the community and aided in the early
work of improvement and progress in pioneer
times. His wife survived him for about ten
years, passing away in 1895. In their family
were six children, of whom four are yet living,
namely: Samuel; Marcus, who resides in New
Salem township ; Hiram, who is living in El-
dara township ; and Mrs. Guldy Carnes, a resi-
dent of Maysville and the mother of S. E. and
George Carnes and Mrs. Gay Williamson, well
known in this county.

Samuel Moore was educated in the common
schools of New Salem township and began work
when twelve years of age, being employed at
farm labor for seven years. When he was twen-
ty-four years of'agejhe invested his earnings in
one hundred and, sixty acres of land about a mile
and a half southeast of .vNew Salem, all being
covered with timber. He cleared a part of this
and built a house in 1866. He fenced the entire
quarter section and cleared twenty-five acres of
the land, after which he traded the farm for
eighty acres in Christian county, Illinois, but
still lived in New Salem township. He after-
ward traded his property in Christian county for
land in New Salem township, added to it by
additional purchase and is now the owner of two
hundred and forty acres not far from the old
family homestead on which he was reared. He
also has a tract of thirty-seven acres near by
which is in grass. He continued in active farm-
ing until 1897, when he put aside the work of
the fields and took up his abode in New Salem,
since which time he has made several trips to
California. He owns a fine block of land and a
beautiful residence which he purchased, it being
a large two story square house, comfortable and
convenient in arrangement, and tastefully fur-
nished. He has also a good barn upon the place.
His farm is well improved and returns to him a
very gratifying income.

On the i6th of October, 1862, Mr. Moore was
united in marriage to Miss Amanda Dunham, a
daughter of the Rev. Abel and Rachel (Harden)
Dunham. The father was born in Harrison

636

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

county, Ohio, July 16, 1819, and was a son of
William and Mary (Chancy) Dunham. Lewis
Dunham, the father of William Dunham, was a
Revolutionary soldier, who cheerfully bore all the
hardships and privations meted out to the soldier
in order to aid in securing liberty to the Amer-
ican colonists. At one time he was so near star-
vation that he made a kind of tea out of the
crisp pieces of his own boot soles in order to
sustain his life. The American forces were re-
duced to the utmost straits in order to provide
necessities and their descendants may well be
proud of the fact 'that they had ancestors who
were willing to meet the greatest hardships in
order to establish a free and independent nation.
William Dunham was born and reared in the
state of Maryland and wedded Miss Mary
Chancy, who was of Scotch ancestry. Some
years later they removed to Ohio, settling in
what was then a new and undeveloped region
included within the present boundaries of Harri-
son county. In the spring of 1845 tney came to
Illinois, settling in what is now Griggsville town-
ship, where they spent their remaining days.
William Dunham departed this life September
15, 1845, and his wife died November 2, 1852.
Rev. Abel Dunham was united in marriage to
Rachel Harden on the I3th of August, 1839. She
was born March 7, 1816, in Jefferson county,
Ohio, and in 1840 she became a member of the
United Brethren church and during the ensuing
years was frequently called upon for exhortation.
She was a fluent speaker, her spirit being in the
work, and she exerted a strong and beneficial in-
fluence upon her hearers. For some years before
her death she was an invalid but her mind re-
tained its perfect strength and a short time be-
fore she breathed her last she gave earnest
Christian advice to her friends and bade them
farewell. She passed away Sunday, February
28. 1886, a smile upon her face, showing that
she was at perfect content with her condition.
She was the mother of ten children, including
Mrs. Moore. At the time of his marriage Rev.
Dunham had but one dollar and one cent. He
gave the dollar to the officiating clergyman and
after the infair donated the cent to a little
nephew. He was then ready to start out in life

with his wife in a way more frequently seen at
that time than at present. He began farming
on a small scale in his native county, where he
remained until 1845, when he came to Pike
county, Illinois, to begin a new life here. Of
earnest purpose and unfaltering diligence, he
began work and by his good judgment and econ-
omy aided by the prudence and careful manage-
ment of his wife he was enabled to accumulate
over six hundred acres of valuable land in this
county together with other property. After los-
ing his first wife he was married again, his sec-
ond union being with Mrs. Sarah J. Brown, nee
Anderson, who was born near Hillsboro, High-
land county, Ohio, August 23, 1840. The Rev.
Abel Dunham was a prominent abolitionist dur-
ing the prevalence of slavery and when the re-
publican party was formed to prevent its further
extension he joined its ranks. In later years,
long after the slavery question had been settled,
he felt that the temperance question was the
dominant issue before the people and became an
ardent prohibitionist. His work and influence
were ever on the side of righteousness, reform
and improvement and the world is better for his
having lived. He died August 18, 1899, having
for a number of years survived his wife, who
passed away February 28, 1886.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Moore have been born
nine children, five sons and four daughters, all
of whom are yet living. Rachel E. is the wife of
Wallace Little, a resident of New Salem township
and has one child, Veta. Sarah is the widow of
James Snowhill residing in Baylis, Illinois, and
has six children. John married Fannie Whitten.
by whom he has two children, and makes his
home near the village of New Salem. Abel
married a Miss Johnson and resides near Mays-
ville, Missouri. Colonel Elsworth is married
and resides upon his father's farm in New Salem
township. William H. married Minnie Cox and
lives upon the home farm belonging to his fa-
ther. Samuel Lee married Elsie Pease and re-
sides in New Salem, being engaged in the stock
business. Anna May is living at home.

The parents are members of the United Breth-
ren church and Mr. Moore is a member of lodge
No. 218. A. F. & A. M., at New Salem, and is a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

637

charter member of lodge No. 832, I. O. O. F., of
Baylis, of which he is also a past noble grand.
Mr. Moore is a man of excellent attainments, of
splendid qualities and of good ability. He justly
deserves all the praise that the term a self-made
man implies, for at the early age of twelve years
he started out in life on his own account and
has since worked his way steadily upward, never
taking advantage of the necessities of others, but
through earnest purpose and honorable effort,
realizing that labor is the basis of all true suc-
cess. He is now the owner of a valuable prop-
erty which returns to him an income sufficient
to enable him to enjoy a well earned rest.

MARION N. PETTY.

Marion N. Petty is the owner of a valuable
farm of two hundred acres on section 29, Mon-
tezuma township. His birth occurred in Hardin
township, Pike county, Illinois, December 3,
1850, and he is descended from good old Revo-
lutionary stock, having a great-grandfather in
both the paternal and maternal lines who were
soldiers of the Revolutionary war. His grand-
father, Fisher Petty, was a native of Ohio,
served as a major in the Ohio State Militia and
had a varied experience with the Tories, as re-
corded elsewhere in this volume. He died upon
the old homestead farm when about sixty-six
years of age.

Alvin Petty, father of our subject, was born
in Pike county, Missouri, in 1826 and was reared
upon the old Petty homestead farm in Martins-
burg township near Pittsfield, Illinois, his educa-
tion being largely acquired under the direction
of Jon Shastid. He married Miss Julia A. Duf-
field, who was born in Greencastle, Indiana, in
1828, this marriage being celebrated in 1848.
She was a daughter of James and Catharine Duf-
field. Her father was a native of Tennessee and
was a soldier of the war of 1812. He entered the
army at the age of fourteen years, taking his fa-
ther's place. He was quite a traveler, visiting
many of the states of the Union, making his way
from place to place on horseback. In early life

he followed merchandising and after his re-
moval to Pike county purchased a tract of land
in Martinsburg township, where he carried* on
general agricultural pursuits up to the time of
his death.

Throughout his entire business career Alvin
Petty followed the occupation of farming and
during a part of that time he also operated a
sawmill upon his place in Hardin township. He
built this mill and continued the manufacture of
lumber for about twenty years, his son Marion
hauling many a load of timber to the mill. Alvin
Petty was a natural mechanic and could con-
struct anything in wood or iron. He died in
Martinsburg township, September 5, 1892, within
a half mile of where he was reared and educated,
being then sixty-six years of age. His remains
were interred in the Highland cemetery. His
wife is still living in Pittsfield at the ripe old
age of seventy-seven years. In the family of
this worthy couple were eight children, six sons
and two daughters, of whom Marion was the first
born. The others are John T., Sarah C., Isaac A., J.
F., Mary E., William H. and Frederick. At this
date, 1906, all of the children are living with the
exception of the second, John T., who died in in-
fancy and was buried in the old Highland grave-
yard, and J. F., who died at the age of forty-
three years and was buried in the West cemetery
at Pittsfield, Illinois.

Marion N. Petty is indebted to the public-
school system of Pike county for the educational
privileges he enjoyed for his preliminary train-
ing was received in Hardin township and later
he spent two years as a student in Pittsfield. He
early became familiar with the task of developing
the fields and caring for the crops and through-
out his entire life gave his attention to general
agricultural pursuits.

He has been married twice, his first union
being with Harriet S. Troutner, by whom he had
four children: William, born November 3,
1874, died January 13, 1876, and was buried in
the Highland graveyard near Pittsfield ; Paul A.,
born March i, 1877. and Jerome G., born Octo-
ber 5. 1879. are at home: and the fourth child
died at birth. For his second wife Mr. Petty
chose Miss Lvdia Miller, to whom he was mar-

638

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ried November 29, 1883. She is a daughter of
James B. and Mary (Griffin) Miller. Her pa-
ternal grandfather was Samuel Miller, who was
a miller by trade and lived in Pennsylvania but
became one of the early, settlers of Ohio and died
in Brown county, that state. He married Lydia
Baird, a sister of the famous missionary, Robert
Baird. William Miller, the paternal grandfa-
ther of Mrs. Petty, was born in Kentucky,
whence he removed to Brown county, Ohio,
where he engaged in wagon manufacturing.
Coming to Pike county, Illinois, he here turned
his attention to farming. Here he died and he
and his wife have been laid to rest in the Time
cemetery in Hardin township.

James B. Miller, father of Mrs. Petty, was
born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, April 25,
1817, and when seven years of age accompanied
his parents on their removal to Brown county,
Ohio. He afterward worked in the flour mill of
his father, who was a miller both by name and
by trade. He was thus employed for a number
of years and in Ohio he was married. The fam-
ily removed from Brown to Clermont county,
Ohio, and afterward to Pike county, Illinois,
where Mr. Miller engaged in farming in Hardin
township up to the time of his death, which oc-
curred February II, 1873, his remains being in-
terred in Time cemetery. His wife was born in
Brown county, Ohio, December 30, 1817, and
died on the homestead farm in Hardin town-
ship. March 3, 1893, her remains being interred
by the side of her husband's grave. Unto Mr.
and Mrs. Miller were born the foHowing named :
Samuel W., Sarah F., William F.. Elizabeth C,
Mrs. Lydia Petty, Anna. Robert B., James A..
Lydia Ann, John N. and an infant daughter, who
died at birth. Seven of these are now living,
while of the deceased, Lvdia A. was buried in
•Brown county, Ohio, John F. in Clermont
county, Ohio, and Robert B. in Time cemetery in
Hardin township.

In the family of Mr. and Mrs. Pettv are the
following children: Robert E.. born September
IT, 1884: Archie Miller, September 28, 1885:
Willard Duffield, born February 10. 1887 ; Ruth
A., born December 8, 1888; Man- C.. born Feb-
ruary 4, 1891; Alvin J., May 27. 1894; and a

daughter, who was born and died December 22,
1892. The son Alvin died March 22, 1895, and
was buried in Green Pond cemetery as was also
the daughter who died unnamed.
- Mr. Petty and his family reside upon an ex-
cellent farm on section 29, Montezuma township,
where he has a valuable property, comprising
two hundred acres. The farm is well equipped
with all modern conveniences and in its neat and
thrifty appearance indicates his careful super-
vision. His energy, discrimination and earnest
labor have been the resultant factors in his suc-
cess, making him a substantial and representative
farmer of his community.

H. COLVIN.

H. Colvin, conducting a hotel and also engaging
in business as a merchant and confectioner, was
born April 27, 1866, in Montezuma township, his
parents being William and Nancy (Brookens)
Colvin, in whose family were six children, the
subject of this review being the youngest. His
youth was passed upon the home farm, where he
remained until fifteen years of age, when he be-
gan earning his own living as an employe of the
Chicago & Alton Railroad Company. He contin-
ued in the service of that corporation in differ-
ent capacities for about eighteen years, at the end
of which time, in 1883, he resumed farming,
which he carried on in Scott county, Illinois, for
two years. On the expiration of that period he
came to Pearl and worked for the Chicago & Al-
ton Railroad Company on the rock crusher for
about a year, after which he began business here
on his own account.

On the 3d of January, 1900, Mr. Colvin was
married to Miss Phoebe J. Gauntt, a daughter of
John T. and Abigail (Chaplin) Gauntt. In their
family were eight children, Mrs. Colvin being the
third in order of birth. In 1903 Mr. and Mrs.
Colvin purchased the lunch counter business at
Pearl from Harry Rule, and for over a year con-
ducted the only lunch counter in the town, known
as the Star Lunch Room. When he bought the
business he paid one hundred and forty-seven dol-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

639

lars fot it, but he has gradually made improve-
ments and added to -his stock to the amount of
seven hundred dollars. Their hotel is one of the
neatest and best in Pearl, and was built in 1905,
of concrete blocks. It was completed on the 28th
of August, and has since been used for hotel
purposes. The building is an ornament to the
town and a pride to its owner. Mr. and Mrs.
Colvin also own a house and lot on the south side
of the railroad in Pearl. Formerly Mrs. Colvin
was engaged in dressmaking for nine years, and
had an excellent patronage, but retired from that
business on account of her health. As a merchant
and confectioner Mr. Colvin is enjoying a large
and lucrative business, having the most extensive
trade in his line in the town. Both he and his wife
are members of the Mutual Protective League of
Pearl, and are held in high esteem by all who
know them. Their business success is creditable
having been gained through well directed and
earnest effort, the enterprising labors of Mr. Col-
vin being ably supplemented by the assistance of
his estimable wife.

FREDERICK GILLINGS.

Frederick Gillings, a veteran of the Civil .war
and a prosperous farmer of Atlas township, liv-
ing on section 6, where he owns two hundred
•acres of rich and productive land, was born in
London, England, August 19, 1837, and ac~
quired his education in the schools of that city.
His parents were George and Mary (Beckem)
Gillings. The former was a plasterer by trade
and followed that occupation throughout his en-
tire life. LTnto him and his wife were born three
children, two sons and a daughter, of whom
George and Mary are both deceased, leaving
Frederick as the only surviving member of the
family, and outside of his own immediate fam-
ily he has no relatives in America. The father
died in London in June, 1867, and his wife
passed away a few years later.

Prior to his parents' death, when a youth of
fourteen years, Frederick Gillings ran away from
home, being possessed of an ardent desire to go
to sea, and shipped as a cabin boy aboard her

majesty's gunboat Rattlesnake, with which he
cruised in the Black and Baltic seas during the
Crimean war, spending eight months in that way.
He then returned with the vessel and landed at
Wolwich on the River Thames and his father
paid a sum of money to secure his release. He
then returned to his father's home, where he re-
mained for a short time, when he again ran away
and embarked on a sailing vessel bound for
America, crossing in the steerage. He landed
in New York city after a tempestuous voyage .of
one month and was without a dollar in a strange
land where he had neither friends nor relatives.
After passing through quarantine at Castle Gar-
den he finally secured a position as waiter in the
St. Nicholas Hotel in New York city, occupying
that position for eight months. He next went to
Lyons, Wayne county, New York, where he se-
cured employment as a farm hand on the farm
of Silas Patten, where he remained for a year,
receiving eight dollars per month and his board.
He afterward went to Rochester, New York,
where he engaged in making plaster of Paris
casts, the knowledge of which he had gained
while with his father. He continued in that line
of business for a year, after which he came west-
ward to Chicago, where he continued in the same
business for about four months. He afterward
walked to Rock Island, Illinois, where he spent
the succeeding winter, and engaged in the manu-
facture of plaster of Paris casts. Later he made
his way to St. Louis, Missouri, where he was
employed in a similar way for eight months and
afterward in Cincinnati, Ohio, for a year. He
then went to Monroe, Butler county, Ohio, where
he worked as a plasterer until the breaking out
of the Civil war.

In April, 1861, Mr. Gillings enlisted as a mem-
ber of Company B. First Ohio Volunteer In-
fantry, and with his company went to Philadel-
phia, Pennsylvania, where they were fitted out
with uniforms, being there mustered in for
three months' service. He participated in the
first battle of Bull Run, where the Union arms
suffered defeat, after which his regiment re-
treated to Washington and was there mustered
out of service on account of the expiration of
their term, in July. 1861. Mr. Gillings returned

64o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

to Monroe, Ohio, where he worked at his trade
until the 23d of August, 1862, when he re-en-
listed for three years' service in Company A,
Seventy-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He
was mustered into the United States service as
a corporal at Frankfort, Kentucky, to serve for
three years and was discharged with the rank
of sergeant at Cincinnati, Ohio, on a surgeon's
certificate of disability, on the igth of April,
1864. In the meantime he had participated in
the hotly contested engagement at Perryville,
Kentucky, and in the skirmish at Frankfort,
after which he marched with his regiment to
Bowling Green, Kentucky, where General Buell
was superseded in command by General Rose-
crans of the Army of the Tennessee. With his
regiment he then marched to Scottsviue, Ken-
tucky, where they had a skirmish with the en-
emy. They afterward proceeded to Gallatin,
Missouri, where they remained for about three
months, during which time Mr. Gillings served
on detached duty. Leaving Gallatin he was or-
dered to join his regiment at Nashville, Tennes-
see, where the Seventy-ninth Ohio was guarding
a bridge for about six weeks and also did guard
duty in the city. The troops then marched to
Laverne, Tennessee, where they built a fort, re-
maining there until the battle of Stone River,
in which Mr. Gillings participated and was
wounded. He was then sent to the Union hos-
pital in Nashville, Tennessee, where he re-
mained for one month, when he was detailed with
eight others to go to Ohio on recruiting service.
He was again obliged to enter the hospital at
Nashville on account of his wound, remaining
there for about two months, after which he re-
joined his regiment and took part in the battles
of Resaca, Peach Tree Creek and Wahatchie in
Georgia. This was in the latter part of 1864.
The regiment then marched on to Washington,
D. C., was reviewed there and sent to Camp Den-
ison, Ohio, where its members were mustered out
of service and finally discharged on the 8th of
July, 1865. but in the meantime Mr. Gillings, as
before stated, had been mustered out on account
of disability.

When his military service was ended Mr. Gil-
lings returned to Monroe, Ohio, and on the I2th

of October, 1864, he married Miss Anna Maud,
a daughter of John and Hannah Maud. Her
parents were born in Yorkshire, England, and
Mrs. Gillings was the youngest of a family of
four sons and four daughters, namely: George,
William, John, Richard, Elizabeth, Mary, Har-
riet and Anna. Of these three daughters are liv-
ing, but the sons are all deceased. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Gillings have been born eleven children :
Edward, who was born August 19, 1865, and
married Ruth Miller, of Rockport ; Daisy Maud,
who was born October 4, 1867, and is now the
wife of Alonzo Lyons; William, who was born
June 6, 1872, and married Ettie Enzer; Nettie,
who was born July 19, 1874, and is the wife of
Walter Scott; Martha, who was born October
15, 1876, and died March 14, 1897, her remains
being interred in the new cemetery at Barry, Illi-
nois ; Amy, who was born August 26, 1878, and
is the wife of Richard Francis; Nina, who was
born April 10, 1881, and married Stephen Wil-
liams; Drucilla, who was born October 23, 1884,
and is the wife of Jesse Williams; Fred, born
August 31, 1886; Harry, who was born May 24,
1889; and Mary, who was born May 14, 1888,
and died May 2, 1889, her remains being interred
in the Taylor cemetery in Eldara, Derry township.
The eldest daughter, Martha, who has passed
away, was the wife of Alvin Lippincott, and her
remains were interred in the new cemetery at
Barry.

In the year 1870, Mr. Gillings removed with
his family to Kansas City, Missouri, where he
worked at his trade for two years. He then en-
gaged in farming for one season in Cass county,
Missouri, after which he journeyed on horseback
to Barry, Illinois, a distance of three hundred
miles, remaining at that locality during the sum-
mer. He then returned to Cass county on horse-
back, after which he made a second trip to Barry
in the same manner, and finally settled upon his
present farm near Rockport, where he has now
made his home for twenty-one years. He has
here two hundred acres of good pasture land on
section 6, Atlas township.

Mr. Gillings is a charter member of the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows at Atlas, and be-
longs to the Modern Woodmen camp at Rock-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

641

port. He -is also a member of Samuel Hays post,
G. A. R., at Summer Hll. His political alle-
giance is given to the republican party. He was
elected constable of Atlas township in April, 1887,
and served for one term. Later he was re-
elected to fill a vacancy, serving until May, 1893.
He was elected and served for nearly three years
as school director of Atlas township, and in 1904
was elected road commissioner, so that he is the
present incumbent in that office. All that he pos-
sesses in life has been acquired through his own
labors, for he started out when a young lad empty-
handed, and, in fact, from a very early age de-
pended entirely upon his own resources. He
proved his loyalty to his adopted country in the
Civil war ; and is one of the valued residents of
Atlas township, for in days of peace he is as
loyal to his country as when he followed the old
flag upon southern battle-fields.

JOHN A. McKEY.

John A. McKey is the founder of the village
of Strout. He opened the first store there and was
the first postmaster, and has been closely associ-
ated with the material progress and improvement
of this part of the county. His birth occurred in
Mount Vernon, Ohio, on the i6th of June, 1845,
his parents being Andrew and Anna Belle (Low-
ery) McKey. His father was a native of Scot-
land, born in 1817, and the mother's birth oc-
curred in Belfast, Ireland. Their marriage was
celebrated in her native country; and they came
to America about 1838, settling in Mount Ver-
non, Ohio. The father was subsequently engaged
in manufacturing pursuits in that place until 1856,
when he removed to Keokuk. Iowa, and rented
a farm from General Curtis of historic fame. He
continued to engage actively in agricultural pur-
suits there until 1862, when he came to Spring
Creek township, Pike county, Illinois, arriving
here before the advent of the railroad. He built
the first house upon his farm, and continued
the improvement of his land until 1869, when he
removed to Frankfort, Missouri, where he carried

on farming up to the time of his death, which oc-
curred on his homestead property in that state
in January, 1873. His wife survived him for
about twenty-four years, her death occurring in
Howard, Elk county, Kansas, in her ninetieth
year, and there her remains were interred. In
their family were the following children, George
W., Elizabeth J., William J., Robert S., Anna
Belle and John A. Of these Robert S. and Anna
Belle are now deceased, while William J. is lo-
cated in Fulton, Callaway county, Missouri. Eliz-
abeth J. married William Long, a resident of Day-
ton, Washington, who was a Union soldier of
the Twenty-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry.
Robert E. was a druggist of Eureka, Kansas, up
to the time of his demise.

John A. McKey was educated at the Rock Hill
schoolhouse in Pike county, and was reared upon
his father's farm, assisting in its work until the
father went to Missouri, when he began life on
his own account by renting the old homestead
farm, on which he now resides. Upon the father's
death John A. McKey purchased the interest of
the other heirs in the home property. In 1862
his mother came to live with him, at which time
he was in his sixteenth year, and soon afterward
the other members of the family came to make
their home with Mr. McKey and his mother, save
his eldest brother, George W. McKey, who en-
listed in the First Iowa Cavalry in 1861. After
serving for three years he re-enlisted and con-
tinued with the Union army throughout the re-
mainder of the war. He was finally mustered out
and was discharged in Dallas, Texas. He now
resides in Howard, Elk county, Kansas, and is
one of the most prominent, wealthy and influ-
ential citizens there, being president of three
banks. He was also one of the founders of the
town and his money and influence have been a
strong directing force in many public measures
and business enterprises.

John A. McKey is also numbered among the
town-builders of the middle west for he made the
first improvements in Strout, was the founder of
the village, and erected all of the houses there.
He has also conducted for fifteen years the only
store in Strout, and does a good business as a
merchant, carrying a well selected line of goods,

642

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and securing from the surrounding country a
liberal patronage.

On the 8th of December, 1871, Mr. McKey
was united in marriage to Miss Anna Sproule,
and unto them have been born nine children :
Josie Belle, born June 9, 1872; Anna May, on
the 6th of May, 1874; Robbie, February 3, 1876;'
Adis F., April 7, 1878; John Edwin, February 17,
1880; Claudie E., Julyg, 1882; George L., May 30,
1885; Virgil Paul, January 3, 1889; and Beulah
V. December 7, 1892. Of these two are deceased,
Robbie, who died- in infancy ; and George L., who
was drowned when in his eleventh year. The
eldest daughter, Josie Belle, is now the wife of
Sydney Johnson, and they reside in Pearl town-
ship. Ann May married Charles Borrowman
and resides in Spring Creek township. Adis F.
married Florida Scranton and resides in Strout.
Claudie Ella married Ivy Joslin and resides in
Nebo, Illinois.

Mr. McKey has served as postmaster at Strout
for about eighteen years, serving under the ad-
ministrations of Presidents- Harrison, Cleveland,
McKinley and Roosevelt. Politically he was for
long years a democrat, but it now a strong advo-
cate of the prohibition party. He is a man of en-
terprise, who has utilized his opportunities to
good advantage, and in the careful conduct of his
business affairs has met with a gratifying meas-
ure of success.

JAMES WHITAKER.

James Whitaker is a retired farmer living in
Perry now in the seventy-ninth year of his age.
Through a long period he was an active factor
in agricultural circles in Pike county and his la-
bors were crowned with the success which is the
legitimate reward of all earnest and persistent
endeavor. Moreover he has so lived as to win
the trust and confidence of his fellowmen and his
life has been actuated by a kindly spirit, cordial
disposition and generous impulses.

Mr. Whitaker was born in Greene county.
New York, November 25, 1827, his parents be-
ing William E. and Anna (DuBois) Whitaker,

who were likewise natives of the Empire state.
The father was born in U'ster county, July 8,
1784, and was of English lineage. His youth
was spent upon a farm in his native county and
in early manhood he went to Greene county,
where he met and married Miss DuBois, who
was born in that county, October 10. 1786, and
came of French ancestry. Their marriage was
celebrated on the I2th of January, 1805, and they
began their domestic life in Greene county.
where they resided until October, 1837, That
year witnessed their arrival in Pike county.
They cast in their lot with the pioneer settlers
and as the years passed shared in the hardships
and trials incident to the establishment of a home
upon the frontier, at the same time contributing
to the general progress and improvement. Mr.
Whitaker entered his land at Quincy, Illinois,
becoming owner of a wild and unimproved tract
of one hundred and sixty acres on section 4,
Perry township. He built the first frame house
in the locality, its location being about four miles
north of the village of Perry. It is still stand-
ing, one of the mute reminders of pioneer days
and of the progress that has been made as the
years have gone by. He was an energetic agri-
culturist, carefully managing his business inter-
ests. He never cared for public office but gave
his political allegiance to the whig party until
its dissolution, when he joined the ranks of the
republican party. Both he and his wife were
charter members of the Presbyterian church.
His death occurred November 30, 1868, while
Mrs. Whitaker had passed away on the 29th^of
July, 1865, the former when nearly eighty-four
years of age and the mother when about seventy
years of age. In their family were nine chil-
dren, but only two are now living, James and
Mary. The sister, born in 1832, is the widow of
Howe Abbott and resides in Bloomington,
Illinois.

Owing to the primitive condition of the
schools James Whitaker received but limited ed-
ucational privileges but reading, observation and
experience have greatly broadened his knowledge
as the years have advanced and he has become
a well informed man. He attended school in New
York until ten years of age, when he accom-

W. E. WHITAKER

JAMES WHITAKER

MRS. JAMES WHITAKER

MRS. W. E. WHITAKER

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

645

panied his parents on their removal to Illinois,
where he became a student in a subscription
school. As his age and strength permitted he
assisted his father in the arduous task of clearing
and cultivating the new farm and remained upon
the old homestead until the spring of 1850, when
he started for California. He had proceeded as
far as Omaha when word was received that his
father was not expected to live and he returned
overland to the old home. His attention was
then given to farm work in Pike county until
1857, when he removed to Dewitt county, Illi-
nois, where he carried on farming for three
years, when in 1860 he once more became a resi-
dent of Pike county. In connection with his
brother-in-law, James Howe, he contracted for
three hundred and twenty acres of land in De-
witt county in 1857. Later he purchased a farm
in Perry township and gave his energies to gen-
eral farming and stock-raising, being recognized
as an able business man of keen discernment, un-
flagging industry and unabating energy. As the
years have passed by he has prospered and the
secret of his success lies in his close application
and strong purpose. He now has in his posses-
sion the patent which was issued November 3,
1840, for government land to his father, Wil-
liam E. Whitaker, and signed by Martin Van
Buren, then president of the United States.

On the 6th of November, 1863, Mr. Whitaker
was married to Miss Elizabeth M. Jones, who
was born November 26, 1825, and passed away
on the 3 ist of August, 1864. There were two
children of this marriage, of whom one is living,
William E., now a resident farmer of Chambers-
burg township, Pike county. The mother was a
devoted member of the Presbyterian church and
a most estimable lady. Her daughter, Ada, died
soon after marrying Theodore Crawford. The
son, William, wedded Miss Jennie Wilkins. For
his second wife James Whitaker chose Miss
Mary E. Harrington, to whom he was married
November 12, 1865. She was born July 4, 1840,
a daughter of Martin Harrington and by her
marriage has become the mother of four chil-
dren, one of whom died in infancy, while three
are yet living. Charles H., born August 2, 1866.
married Maud Johns and after her death wedded
32

Eva Hume. Catherine, born July 26, 1868, is the
wife of Robert Huddelson, of Perry. Esther,
born February 15, 1877, was graduated in oste-
opathy at Kirksville, Missouri, in the class of
1897 and is now attending a post-graduate school
in Kirksville.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Whitaker hold member-
ship in the Presbyterian church, while his po-
litical support is given to the prohibition party.
His church and political connection indicate the
character of the man, whose life has been actu-
ated by high and honorable principles and worthy
motives. He has done many good deeds, per-
forming many services for his fellow townsmen
and at all times has given his influence in sup-
port of justice, truth and right. In the evening
of life he can look back over the past without
regret and- forward lo the future without fear.
All who know hlrti entertain for him the highest
esteem and no history of this community would
be complete without the record of his life, for
he has lived in Pike county since 1837, coming
here when a lad of ten years. His home being
in the midst of a pioneer district made him fa-
miliar with all of the conditions of frontier life
and his mind bears the impress of the early his-
toric annals of the state. He can relate many in-
teresting incidents of existence in Pike county
when this was a frontier district and yet no man
has shown a more thorough interest in the work
of public progress and improvement than has
Mr. Whitaker.

GEORGE S. ADAMS.

George S. Adams, of Atlas township, is de-
scended from good old Revolutionary stock, his
paternal great-grandfather having enlisted in the
ranks of the patriots from his native state — Con-
necticut. He served as a soldier in the cause of
American independence and left to his descend-
ants the priceless record of a heritage of valor
and loyalty. Jeremiah G. Adams, father of our
subject, was a large landowner, having an estate
of over four hundred acres of the best land in
Atlas township. His old home was built in the

646

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

'205, but was superseded by a commodious brick
residence before his death. He was for years a
prominent and influential agriculturist of his com-
munity, and further mention is made of him on
another page of this work.

George S. Adams, whose name introduces this
review, was born in the old Ross home in the
village of Atlas, June 10, 1862, and was reared
upon his father's farm. He acquired his primary
education in the district school of his native vil-
lage and afterward attended the Illinois College
at Jacksonville. Following the completion of his
collegiate course he returned to the old home farm
and continued to carry on general agricultural
pursuits with his father up to the time of his mar-
riage, when he purchased a portion of the old
homestead and erected thereon his present resi-
dence. He owns one of the best and most mod-
ern homes in this part of the county. It is taste-
fully and comfortably furnished, every conve-
nience of a well appointed city home being here
found. It stands in the midst of beautiful and
well kept grounds, and one of its chief charms is
its gracious and genuine hospitality.

On the 1 7th of November, 1887, Mr. Adams
was united in marriage to Miss Delia R. Martin,
a daughter of Hutson and Lydia A. (Chamber-
lin) Martin, a history of whom will be found on
another page of this work. Unto Mr. and Mrs.
Adams have been born four children : Jerry G.,
born October 2, 1888; George Hutson, who was
born December 25, 1892, and died August 2,
1897; Homer V., born January i, 1902; and
Dorothy M., born July 30, 1903.

The home farm of Mr. Adams comprises one
hundred and sixty-seven acres of well improved
bottom land in Atlas township. The soil is very
rich and productive, and good harvests are an-
nually gathered, so that the business, being ca-
pably managed, is a profitable one. In all of his
work Mr. Adams has shown practical ideas, and
in his methods has been systematic and energetic.
In his political views he is a stalwart republican,
who keeps well imformed on the questions and
issues of the day, as every true American citizen
should do. In April, 1900, he was elected super-
visor of Atlas township, and served for one term
of two years. He held the office of postmaster

at Atlas for about six years, and is at present
school treasurer of Atlas township, which po-
sition he has filled for more than a decade. Fra-
ternally he is connected with the Masonic lodge
and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and
both he and his wife have membership relations
with the Mutual Protective League. He is recog-
nized as one of Pike county's most progressive
and public-spirited citizens, and no trust reposed
in him has ever been betrayed in the slightest
degree. Men know him for his genuine
worth and fidelity to principle and respect him for
a life of well directed activity and usefulness.

DANIEL DUNHAM.

Daniel Dunham, the owner of valuable farm-
ing property comprising four hundred acres near
New Salem, is a native of Martinsburg township,
Pike county, born July 15, 1856, and is a son of
Nathaniel Dunham. The family is of English
lineage, and was founded in America by the
great-great-grandfather of our subject. His son,
William Dunham, is supposed to have been a na-
tive of Maryland; and it is definitely known that
his youth was spent upon a farm in that state,
where he wedded Miss Mary Chaney, who was
born in Maryland, while her parents, natives of
England, came to the new world about the time
of the Revolutionary war. William Dunham and
his wife on leaving Maryland became residents
of Ohio, where they remained until 1845,
when in advanced years they came to Illinois,
settling on a small farm in Griggsville township,
Pike county, where William Dunham passed away
at the age of seventy years. His wife survived
him for a number of years, and also died in
Griggsville township. They were loyal to the
teachings of the United Brethren church, in which
they held membership.

Of their large family of children Lewis Dun-
ham, grandfather of our subject, was the eldest.
His birth occurred in Maryland, September 12,
1802, and his early education was acquired in
that state. It is believed, however, that he was
married in Ohio ; and at all events, he was en-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

647

in farming and coopering there. In April,
1844, he arrived in Illinois and three years later
took up his abode in New Salem township, where
in the management of farming interests he worked
his way upward from a humble financial position
to one of affluence and improved a valuable farm
of two hundred and sixty acres. In matters of
citizenship he was also progressive and public
spirited, and his co-operation could always be
counted upon to further any movement for the
public good. He voted with the democratic party,
and held some local offices ; and in political, busi-
ness and social circles he was esteemed for those
splendid traits of character which endear man
to his fellowmen. He married Miss Sarah A.
Nelson, also a native of Maryland and a daugh-
ter of Elisha and Mary (Stringer) Nelson, who
were born in that state, and were supposed to
be of Scotch lineage. They were farming people
and after their marriage resided in Maryland and
in Harrison county, Ohio, until 1842, when they
came to Illinois, spending their remaining days
on a farm in New Salem township, Pike county.
They, too, belonged to the United Brethren
church. Mrs. Lewis Dunham was reared in the
state of her nativity, and with her husband came
to Illinois. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dunham were
devoted members of the United Brethren church.
In their family were nineteen children. The fa-
ther died in New Salem township, September 14,
1866, and the mother was more than eighty years
of age at the time of her demise.

Nathaniel Dunham, son of Lewis Dunham, was
born in Harrison county, Ohio, February 14,
1834, and was therefore a youth of ten years
when brought by his parents to this state. He
was reared upon the family homestead in New
Salem township and gained a practical knowledge
and experience of farm work that has enabled him
to successfully carry on agricultural pursuits for
himself. His business capacity, capable manage-
ment and untiring industry have made him the
owner of four hundred and twenty acres of valu-
able land in Griggsville township; and his home-
stead property was splendidly improved with
modern buildings and all of the equipments nec-
essary to model farming in the twentieth century.
In addition to tilling the soil he has been exten-

sively engaged in raising high grade horses. Na-
thaniel Dunham was married in Martinsburg,
Pike county, to Miss Mary A. Kiser, who was
born in Warren county, Indiana, May 3, 1838.
Her parents were Daniel and Eliza J. (Foreman)
Kiser, the former a native of Virginia, and the
latter of Ohio, but their marriage was celebrated
in Indiana ; and they began their domestic life on a
farm not far from Danville, that state. They re-
moved to Pike county in 1844 and settled in New-
burg township, afterward locating in Martins-
burg, where Mr. Kiser died in the fall of 1860,
when about seventy years of age. He, too, had
prospered in his undertakings, and had secured a
valuable farm of three hundred and fifty acres.
Both he and his wife were members of the
United Brethren church ; and Mrs. Kiser spent
her last days with her son John in Milton. Mrs.
Dunham was the second of her mother's chil-
dren, and by her marriage had the following
children : Daniel, William H., Lewis O., Charles
E. and Orpha J. Like their ancestors, Mr. and
Mrs. Nathaniel Dunham are members of the
United Brethren church; and he is a supporter
of the democratic party.

Daniel Dunham of this review was educated
in the common schools, and is an excellent mathe-
matician. When nineteen years of age he en-
tered business life on his own account, and for
ten years rented land, when, with the capital he
had acquired through his own labors, he pur-
chased forty acres of land where he now resides
in New Salem township, for which he gave thirty-
five hundred dollars. It was without improve-
ments, but he at once began its cultivation; and
from time to time he has extended the boundaries
of his place until it now comprises four hundred
acres of very fine and valuable land supplied with
the most modern improvements known to farm-
ing in the twentieth century. His place is pleas-
antly located two miles from New Salem ; and he
has successfully carried on general farming, and
at the same time has engaged in buying and ship-
ping stock. He feeds cattle and hogs, shipping
from ten to twenty carloads per year, a fact which
indicates that he is one of the most extensive
stock-dealers of this part of the state. His busi-
ness efforts have been attended with very gratify-

648

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ing success, and his splendid property is the
visible evidence of his life of enterprise, thrift and
capable management. He has recently purchased
residence property in Pittsfield, where he expects
to take up his abode on the 1st of March, 1906.

In 1874, Mr. Dunham was married to Miss
Martha J. Woods, who was born in Steubenville,
Ohio, in 1852, a daughter of Nathan and Martha
(Simpson) Woods. Her parents were early set-
tlers and came to Pike county in 1854 ; and in
their family were six children, two sons and four
daughters^ who are yet living. Mr. and Mrs.
Dunham have become the parents of six children,
namely: Herbert, who is living in Reno, Ne-
vada ; Mrs. Anna Woods, of New Salem ; Daisy,
the wife of Ray Curless, of Pittsfield township ;
Lora, who married Gordon Dimmitt, and is liv-
ing upon the home place ; Villa, yet under the pa-
rental roof; and Kelly, who is attending college
in Jacksonville, Illinois.

Mr. Dunham's study of the political issues and
questions of the day has led him to give his sup-
port to the democracy ; and he has served as road
commissioner and as school director. He belongs
to New Salem camp, No. mo, M. W. A., and is
also a member of the Methodist church. Mr.
Dunham deserves much credit for what he has
accomplished, as without financial assistance he
has worked his way upward, his business qualifi-
cations being manifest in the very desirable suc-
cess which has crowned his labors. His farm is
one of the most valuable of the county, and in its
management Mr. Dunham has displayed keen dis-
cernment, unfaltering energy and a capable utili-
zation of opportunities.

WILLIAM RUPERT.

William Rupert, who has followed farm du-
ties throughout the greater part of his life and
is now the owner of a good agricultural prop-
erty in Atlas township, was born in Summer Hill,
Pike county, on the loth of July, 1845. His par-
ents were James and Catharine (Loutzenhizer)
Rupert, both of whom were natives of Ohio, in
which state thev were reared and married. The

father was a farmer by occupation and followed
that pursuit in the Buckeye state until 1845,
when he came with his wife to Pike county, Illi-
nois, where they spent their remaining days, Mr.
Rupert devoting his attention to general agri-
cultural pursuits. He put aside business cares
and personal considerations, however, in 1862 in
order to espouse the Union cause, enlisting in
the Third Missouri Volunteer Cavalry and at the
battle of Patterson, Missouri, he gave up his life
in defense of his country, his remains being in-
terred in the creek bottoms near Patterson. His
widow still survives and is living in the state of
Washington with her daughter, Mrs. Camp, at
the age of eighty-three years. Unto him and his
wife had been born ten children, of whom Wil-
liam Rupert is' the eldest. The others are: Mary,
Caroline, Charlie, Emma, John, David, Arvine,
Lavina and Edward Rupert. Of these only five
are living, namely : Charlie, Mary, David and
Caroline.

William Rupert, the other surviving member
of the family, acquired his education in the
schools of Atlas and was reared to farm labor,
which pursuit has claimed his time and energies
during the greater part of his life. He was mar-
ried on the 22d of April, 1876, to Miss Alice
Parker, a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Gen-
try) Parker. The father was a native of Eng-
land and when quite young came to Pike county.
Illinois, with his father, who emigrated from
England to this state at an early epoch in 'the
development and progress of Pike county.
Thomas Parker became a farmer of Atlas town-
ship and continued to carry on general agricul-
tural pursuits up to the time of his death, which
occurred in April, 1862. He passed away in
Louisiana, Missouri, shortly after having en-
listed for service in the Union army in the Civil
war. His wife died in September of the same
year and they were buried in Ball Bluff ceme-
tery near Atlas. Illinois. In their family were
four children : Alice, now Mrs. Rupert ; Mar-
tha ; William, deceased ; and one who died un-
named in infancy.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Rupert have been born
two children: Cornelius W., born January 26.
1877. married Gertrude .Miller and they have two

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

649

children, Lawrence and James. Edith Lee Ru-
pert, born October 25, 1880, is the wife of S. B.
Marion and they also have two children, Jessie
and Russell. Mr. Rupert is a member of the
Modern Woodmen camp and is esteemed by all
who know him because of an active, useful and
upright life. He has always lived in Atlas
township, so that he has a wide acquaintance here
and the qualities of a sterling manhood are his.
His attention has been given to general agri-
cultural pursuits and his carefully directed la-
bors have resulted in bringing to him a credit-
able and gratifying measure of success.

ALBERT R. BROWN.

Albert R. Brown, one of the well-to-do and rep-
resentative farmers of Pike county, owns and op-
erates three hundred and thirty-one acres of valu-
able land on section 26, Montezuma township,
and in the control of the property displays excel-
lent business ability with thorough understand-
ing of the methods that produce the best results
in agricultural work. Born in Milton, Pike
county, on the 2d of February, 1853, he is a son
of Wesley and Harriet (Button) Brown. The
ancestoral history of the family can be traced back
through several centuries, for he is descended
from one who came to America at the time of the
discovery of the new world by Columbus. The
maternal grandfather, Francis R. Button, was a
native of Virginia, and a cooper by trade. He emi-
grated to Ohio at an early epoch in the develop-
ment of that state and afterward located in Jersey-
ville, Jersey county, Illinois, where he conducted a
cooper shop and also engaged in gardening up to
the time of his death, which occurred when he had
reached the ripe old age of eighty-four years. He
was a hale and hearty man up to the time of his
demise and was a worthy resident of his adopted
city. His wife died within one week of her hus-
band, at the age of seventy-seven years, and was
laid by his side in the cemetery at Jerseyville.

Wesley Brown, father of Albert R. Brown, is
one of the pioneer settlers of Pike county, having
located in Milton at an early day, 'and engaged

in the blacksmith business until 1875, while at the
present time he makes his home in Pearl town-
ship. His life has been mainly devoted to agri-
cultural pursuits and he is still managing a good
farming property. In 1868 he was called upon
to mourn the loss of his wife, who bore the maiden
name of Harriet Button and who died on the 23d
of July of that year, her remains being interred
in Smith cemetery, near Milton.

Albert R. Brown, spending his boyhood days
under the parental roof, was educated in the
schools of Milton until fifteen years of age.
He was reared to the occupation of farming and
has never desired to enter other fields of business
activity, for in this line he has found ample op-
portunity for the exercise of his industry and
talents and by his close application and energy
has gained a place among the substantial agri-
culturists of the community. In addition to till-
ing the soil he is also raising stock and now has
forty-eight head of fine grade mules and twenty
head of horses. He also raises a fine grade of
Cotswold sheep and generally has. on hand one
hundred head, together with from sixty to one
hundred head of hogs, mostly of the Poland China
breed. He can easily winter one hundred head
of horses, mules and cattle. He now has about
twenty head of cattle but usually keeps about fifty
head. In his stock-raising interests he has been
quite successful and he also raises corn and some
wheat and blue grass. In all of his farm work he
is practical and sagacious and produces results
through close application and the careful utiliza-
tion of his opportunities. For thirty years he has
carried on farming and stock-raising on his own
account and his prosperity is attributable to his
own efforts.

On the 1 3th of September, 1874, Mr. Brown
was united in marriage to Miss Annie Sowers,
who was born in Hamilton county, Ohio, Becem-
ber 6, 1853, a daughter of Elisha and Caroline
(Scroggins) Sowers. Her parents were natives of
Ohio and removed from Hamilton county, that
state, in 1854, to Pike county, Illinois, settling in
Montezuma township upon the old homestead farm
where the Brown family now reside. Mr.
Sowers died at the venerable age of eighty-three
years, while his wife passed away at the age of

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

sixty-seven years, and both were interred in Green
Pond cemetery.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Brown have been nine
children, six sons and three daughters, who in
order of birth are as follows : Jess, born July 9,
1875, married Ella Boren and they reside upon

• the homestead farm. Elza R., died January
21, 1879, and was buried in Green Pond ceme-
tery. Albert R., born July 10, 1882, died
November 22, 1883, and was also buried in
Green Pond cemetery. Leo Grace, born March
29, 1881, is the wife of Herbert Norton and they
reside in Montezuma township, near Milton. Ona
M.( born February 16, 1885, is at home. Ira E.,
born January 27, 1886, died March 6, 1886, and
was buried in Green Pond cemetery. Harry Lee,
born in March, 1887, died in infancy and was
buried in the Kitchell graveyard, in Stanton coun-
ty, Kansas. M. Abby, born May 7, 1889, and
Andrew B., born May 30, 1891, complete the
family. Mr. and Mrs. Brown and their children
occupy an enviable position in the social circles
in which they move and have a very wide ac-
quaintance in the community where they have so
long resided. Mr. Brown is never remiss in citi-

•zenship although he has never sought to figure
prominently in public affairs, content to devote his
attention to business interests which have brought
him prosperity.

HENRY L. ANDERSON.

Various and important business interests have
felt the stimulus, keen discernment and unflag-
ging diligence ever manifested by Henry L. An-
derson in his connection with the agricultural and
commercial interests. He is to-day one of the
large stockholders, and the manager of the Shaw-
Garner Company, owning and operating an ele-
vator at Rockport. Moreover, he made a very
creditable record as a soldier of the Civil war,
valiantly defending the Union cause in the dark
hours of our country's history. His life record
began at South Windsor, Connecticut, on the 4th
of September, 1841, and he attended school in his
native town, where he received his primary edu-

cation, after which he removed from that locality
with his parents, Henry and Delcena E. (El-
more) Anderson, both of whom were natives of
Connecticut. The father was a prominent farmer
of South Windsor, and died at the comparatively
early age of thirty-one years, his remains being
interred in the Congregational cemetery in his
home town. His widow, however, long survived
him, her death occurring in East Hartford, Con-
necticut, in 1900, when her remains were placed
beside her husband's grave in the Congregational
cemetery.

Henry L. Anderson, leaving home in his fif-
teenth year, went to Hartford, Connecticut, where
he was engaged in clerking in the mercantile
establishment of James Ranney & Company, act-
ing in that capacity for a year and a half. He was
a youth of sixteen when he arrived in Pike
county, Illinois, making his way to Summer Hill,
where he resided with his uncle, Elijah Burn-
ham, whom he assisted in farm duties from the
time of early spring planting until crops were
harvested in the autumn, after which he spent
the winter months in attending school. He was
thus engaged until August, 1862, when, putting
aside all business and personal considerations, he
responded to his country's call for aid, his pa-
triotic spirit being aroused by the continued at-
tempt of the south to overthrow the Union.

Joining the boys in blue of Company A, Nine-
ty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, at Florence,
Pike county, on the 23d of August, 1862, Mr.
Anderson entered the army under the command
of Captain George Edwards and Colonel George
W. K. Bailey. The regiment proceeded to Ben-
ton Barricks, at St. Louis, Missouri, arriving
there on the 24th of August, 1862, being the first
regiment from Illinois under the call of that year.
Mr. Anderson participated in the battle of Mag-
nolia Hills, Mississippi, where thirty-seven were
killed and wounded, and was also in the engage-
ments at Black River, Mississippi, where the
Confederate forces were routed from their works,
the Union forces pursuing them across the river
and capturing many prisoners with slight loss
to the Ninety-ninth. On the igth of May, 1863,
he was engaged with the defenses of Vicksburg.
and on the 22d of May the famous and ill-fated

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

651

charge was made upon the works, in which three
hundred men were killed and wounded. This
left Captain A. C. Matthews in command of the
Ninety-ninth Illinois Regiment, which held its
position under a galling fire until nearly dark,
when the men retired, being relieved by an Ohio
regiment, which was driven back in great con-
fusion. The Xinety-ninth then advanced and
opened a heavy fire, causing the enemy to re-
treat and probably saving the entire division from
a stampede. During the siege of Vicksb'urg the
Ninety-ninth lost two hundred and fifty-three
men in killed, wounded and missing. On the 3d
of October, 1863, the regiment took part in sev-
eral skirmishes in the campaign of the Tesche
and detachments of the regiment were engaged
in the battle of Grand Coteau. Afterward the
regiment went from New Orleans to Texas and
at Matagorda Island began the attack' on Fort
Esperanza, which soon surrendered. On the i6th
of June, 1864, the Ninety-ninth Illinois evacu-
ated the island, going to Algiers, Louisiana, and
performed garrison duty on the Mississippi dur-
ing the entire summer. In November, 1864, this
regiment was consolidated into a battalion under
Lieutenant-Colonel A. C. Matthews and on the
26th of March, 1865. took part in the siege of
Spanish Fort and assisted in the investment and
capture of Fort Blakely, Alabama. Eventually
the regiment was ordered to Baton Rouge,
Louisiana, where Mr. Anderson and his com-
rades were mustered out on the 3ist of July,
1865, being honorably discharged at Springfield,
Illinois, on the Qth of August, following.

When his military service was ended Mr. An-
derson returned to Hartford, Connecticut, and
pursued a course in Bryant & Stratton Business
College. In the spring of 1866 he returned to
his home in Summer Hill. Pike county, where he
resumed farming. He taught school during the
winter months until the spring of 1868, at which
time he opened a general mercantile store in part-
nership with Carlisle Burbridge at Summer Hill
under the firm name of Burbridge & Anderson,
which was continued for five years, or until 1873.
when Mr. Burbridge disposed of his interests to
T. J. Corrill, the firm then continuing to carry
on trade under the stvle of Anderson' & Corrill.

which name was maintained until about 1879.
Mr. Anderson then purchased his partner's in-
terest and conducted the business alone until
1885, when he disposed of his stock and rented
the building. In 1886, however, he once more
entered the field of general merchandising, form-
ing a partnership with C. O. Marsh under the
firm name of Anderson & Marsh. They re-
mained together for about six years, after which
Mr. Anderson purchased Mr. Marsh's interest
and carried on the business in connection with
his eldest son, Warren Anderson, under the firm
name of H. L. Anderson & Son. During this
time he was also associated in merchandising and
in grain trade in Rockport with different people.
In 1897 he disposed of his business interests in
both Summer Hill and Rockport and since that
time has given his attention to farming and to
the grain trade. He is identified with Shaw-
Garner Company in the ownership and conduct
of the elevator and in the grain business, and in
addition to this he has good farm property,
which he has placed under a high state of culti-
vation and which returns him a satisfactory
financial reward.

Mr. Anderson was married May 5, 1870, to
Miss Eliza D. Stebbins, a daughter of George
and Orissa Stebbins. By this union nine chil-
dren have been born: Warren. Ray N., Nora M.,
Guy S., Leslie L., Clair and Clyde, twins, and
Alma E. There was also one child who died
at birth unnamed, while Clyde died when four
years of age and Alma at the age of thirteen
years, all being laid to rest in Summer Hill ceme-
tery.

Politically Mr. Anderson is a republican and
has always affiliated with the party for its plat-
form embodies his ideas of good government.
He is actively interested in political questions of
the county and state and has done all in his
power to promote republican successes. He has
represented Atlas township as supervisor for five
years but has not sought office as a reward for
party fealty. He belongs to Major Samuel Hays
post, No. 477, and also to the Modern Woodmen
camp of Svtmmer Hill. In manner he is some-
what retiring but possesses that true worth
which can not be hid and which is always recog-

652

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

nized by people of superiority. He indeed de-
serves mention among the prominent merchants
and representative citizens of Rockport and
should find a place in the history of the western
part of Pike county among the men whose force
of character, sterling integrity, control of cir-
cumstances and success in establishing business
enterprises have contributed in a large degree to
the solidity and progress of the county.

CHARLES GARD.

Charles Card is a representative of valuable
and important farming and stock-raising interests
in Pleasant Vale township and is also extensively
engaged in real-estate operations. Widely known
as an enterprising business man, he is well
worthy of mention in this volume among the
leading, progressive and influential citizens of
Pike county. He is a native of Barry township,
born April 15, 1840, and a son of Cyrenius and
Nancy (Kidwell) Gard. The father was born
near Marietta, Ohio, and the mother's birth also
occurred in that state. They were married there
and in 1839 came to Pike county. Mr. Gard had
previously visited this part of Illinois, having
made a prospecting trip in 1833, ofter which he
returned to Ohio and then with his family came
again in 1839, settling in Barry township. He
began farming here on forty acres of land but in
the course of years increased his holdings ten-
fold, making judicious investment in real 'estate
as his financial resources increased until his farm
was an extensive and valuable one. His strong
and salient traits of character made him a promi-
nent citizen of the county and he enjoyed in
large measure the confidence and good will of all
with whom he was associated. He died June
24, 1875, at tne aRe °f sixty-three years and his
wife passed away January 28, 1861, at the age of
forty years. They were a worthy pioneer couple
who took an active and helpful part in the work
of early progress and improvement and the pres-
ent generation enjoys the benefit of their labors
in the present progress and prosperity of the
countv. In their family were twelve children:

Daniel, who was born March 30, 1837, and died
September 8, 1859 ; Charles ; Lucinda, who was
born February 28, 1842, and is living in Pleasant
Vale township; Jasper, who was born February
5, 1844, and died November n, 1863, at St. Louis
while serving as a member of the Union Army ;
Martha, who was born September 18, 1846, and
died in 1902 ; Mary, twin sister of Martha, and
the wife of Charles Dodge, a resident of New
London, Missouri : Joel, who was born December
5, 1848, and is living near Mexico, Missouri :
Paulina, who was born October 24, 1850, and
died October 9, 1852 ; Paulina, who was born
• September 5, 1852, and is now living in Ne-
braska; Jane, who was born September 5, 1854,
and died March 18, 1899, while her husband,
William P. Cochran, of New Canton, is also de-
ceased ; Henry, who was born December 10, 1856.
and is living in Pleasant Vale township ; and
Nancy, who was born January 22, 1861, and died
August 25. 1862.

Charles Gard was educated in one of the primi-
tive log schoolhouses which have been so often
pictured in descriptions of pioneer life. His ear-
lier years were spent in a region so wild that it
was no uncommon thing to see a hunter pass with
a deer on his shoulders, while wild turkeys, prai-
rie chickens and other wild game was to be had
in abundance. Many of the comforts and luxu-
,ries of the present day were then lacking but the
conditions of pioneer life were not inimical to
happiness and the spirit of generous hospitality
which everywhere existed can not be surpassed
or improved upon at the present day. Mr. Gard
assisted his father to develop a farm and re-
mained at home until twenty-one years of age,
when he began farming on his own account, oper-
ating rented land for about three years. At the
end of that time he made a trip across the plains
to Idaho, being about eight months on the way.
In 1866 he returned to Pike county, where he
rented one hundred acres of land in Pleasant
Vale township, remaining thereon for a year.
In 1867 he made his first purchase of land, be-
coming owner of a part of the farm upon which
he now resides. As he has had opportunity, how-
ever, he has added to his original tract and now
has four hundred and twenty acres of land on

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

653

the hill and on the bottom on sections 10, 1 1 and
3, Pleasant Vale township. In fact his bottom
land is as rich and productive as any that can be
found in the state. His farm is well improved
and in the midst of richly cultivated fields, which
yield bounteous harvests, stands a good residence.
There are also substantial barns and outbuildings
for the shelter of grain and stock. General farm-
ing and stock-raising are carried on, his son
practically managing and operating the farm,
while Mr. Card gives the greater part of his at-
tention to the real-estate business, in which he is
associated with Charles Robb. Together they
own nearly eighteen hundred acres of land and
they have conducted an extensive and profitable
business as real-estate operators. With the ex-
ception of the year spent in Idaho, from which he
made the return trip on horseback to Pike county,
he has remained continuously in this part of the
state and he owes his business success to his im-
provement of advantages that have surrounded
all.

On the 1 7th of January, 1861, Mr. Card was
united in marriage to Miss Mary Johnson, who
was born in Derry township, Pike county, in
1842, and is a daughter of Michael and Mary
(Gates) Johnson, of Eldara, who came to this
county from Ohio at an early day. In their
family were nine children, John M., Augustus B..
Eliza, Rebecca, Thomas, Oliver, Emily, Mary,
now Mrs. Card, and William H. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Gard have been born four children, all
of whom are yet living: Cyrenius, who married
Anna Shipman and resides in Eldara township ;
William, who married Belle Kendrick and lives
upon the home farm; Lula, the wife of James
Collins, a resident of Time ; and Olive, the wife
of Abraham Likes, of New Canton. The wife and
mother was called to her final rest in 1892 and
Mr. Gard has since married Catherine Hall, of
this county.

Mr. Gard votes with the republican party, has
served as school trustee, road commissioner and
township collector, the duties of which he has
discharged with promptness and fidelity. He is
a charter member of the Masonic lodge, No. 821,
at New Canton, and he also belongs to the Mod-
ern Woodmen camp, No. 1 148. The successful

man is he who plans his own advancement and
who recognizes that the present and not the fu-
ture holds his opportunity. With a laudable
ambition to win success Mr. Gard without capital
started upon a business career, placing his de-
pendence upon the safe and sure qualities of in-
dustry and untiring effort. These have opened
for him the portals of success and he is classed
today among the substantial residents of his na-
tive county, who have won simultaneously a very
gratifying competence and an honorable name.

JAMES GAY, SR.

James Gay, Sr., is the second oldest living resi-
dent of Pike county and no history of this part
of the state would be complete without mention
of his life record. He resides in Atlas township
and is now in his ninety-third year. Descended
from Irish ancestry, his grandfather, James Gay,
emigrated from the Emerald isle to the United
States in 1766 and first took up his abode in Lan-
caster county, Pennsylvania, but afterward re-
moved to North Carolina. In 1768 he married
Miss Margaret Mitchell, of Pennsylvania. He
was a Revolutionary soldier and was engaged in
the Sotono campaign in South Carolina in 1779,
in the battle of Post 96 and of Utah Springs in
1781. He died in Rowan county, North Carolina,
in 1819 and was buried in the Third Creek set-
tlement in North Carolina, where his wife was
also laid to rest. Unto James and Margaret
(Mitchell) Gay were born three children, namely:
John, William and Rachel.

Of this family William Gay was born in North
Carolina, October 28, 1772, and died in Monroe
county, Indiana, July 21, 1836, the burial taking
place near the town of Stanford. He was the
father of our subject. He was twice married,
his first union being with Mary Wilson on the
1 5th of March, 1800. Following her death he
wedded Ann Rutledge, who was born July 5,
1783, and was married to William Gay on the
26th of August, 1808. Unto William and Mary
(Wilson) Gay was born one son, Abner. By
the second marriage there were ten children,

654

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

namely : John L., Mary, Margaret, James, Martha,
Adeline, Abel, William T., Hile K. and one child
who died unnamed. Of these all are now deceased
with the exception of James Gay and his brother
Hile who resides in California. The mother died
in Clayton, Adams county, Illinois, April I, 1855.

James Gay, Sr., whose name introduces this re-
view, acquired his education in North Carolina,
one of his early teachers being Peter S. Ney, who
is supposed to have been the famous Marshal
Ney of France, one of the leading marshals
under Napoleon. It was given out that he was
executed after the battle of Waterloo but in real-
ity he escaped through the aid of the Duke of
Wellington and came to America, teaching school
in the Carolinas and in Georgia.
' Upon his father's plantation James Gay was
reared and assisted him in the farm duties until
1830, at which time, being then sixteen years of
age, he accompanied his father and the family to
Bloomington, Indiana, where he remained for
four years, working by the day at anything he
could find to do. In 1834 he arrived in Atlas,
Pike county, Illinois, which at that time was the
county seat. During the summer of that year
when he was penniless he found a friend in
Lyman Scott, a farmer, near Atlas, who gave him
employment. He assisted Mr. Scott in farm work
for about two years, being paid fifty cents per
day for splitting rails and chopping down trees.
After one week he poled a keelboat down the
stream to the Missisippi river, for which he re-
ceived seventy-five cents per day. He made only
one trip, however, this being the hardest work
which he ever did in his life. He afterward con-
tinued with Mr. Scott as a farm hand for a short
time, after which he raised crops on the shares
for him during one summer.

On account of failing health Mr. Gay returned
to Indiana, where he remained for a brief period
and then again came to Pike county in order to
harvest the crop of corn that he was raising on
the shares. This was in 1835. In the spring of
1836 he rented a farm near Atlas and worked with
George Schwartz. He not only carried on the
work of the fields but also engaged in raising
cattle and hogs on the shares and was associated
with Mr. Schwartz in general fanning and stock-

raising until 1842, at which time they together
purchased an eighty-acre farm two miles below
Atlas. This they cultivated and improved to-
gether for two years, when they divided it. In the
meantime they also purchased a quarter section
of land about two miles below Atlas, for which
they were to pay one thousand dollars, incurring
an indebtedness in order to secure the property.
Feeling, however, that they were taking too great
a risk in this way they gave up sixty acres of the
land, retaining possession of and divided the
balance of the one hundred acres. Then the part-
nership between Mr. Gay and Mr. Schwartz
ceased and they carried on farming separately.

During this time, on the 3Oth of May, 1839,
Mr. Gay was united in marriage to Miss Amelia
Yokem, a daughter of Solomon and Elizabeth
(Butler) Yokem. Unto them were born nine
children, seven sons and two daughters, as fol-
lows : William H. ; Elizabeth, now the wife of N.
J. Brown; Caroline, who married James Ellis;
Marion, who was a soldier of the Civil war ;
Charles E. ; James C; Julian O. ; George A. ;
and Elmer E. All are now living with the ex-
ception of Elmer, who died at the age of six
years and was buried in the Summer Hill
cemetery.

Mr. Gay removed from Atlas to Summer Hill
in 1856 and has lived upon his present farm since
that time. He is now retired from active business,
having put aside all cares in March, 1905. In the
years of an active career he had accumulated a
large estate, becoming owner of four hundred and
seventy-six acres, much of which was rich, pro-
ductive soil, one hundred acres, however, being
timber land, many of the trees being hard wood.
On the gth of May, 1904, Mr. Gay was called
upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died on
the old farm homestead at Summer Hill. He is
now living in the ninety-third year of his age,
and is one of the venerable and honored residents
of the county. He has long been recognized as
a valued citizen because he has exemplified in his
life those sterling traits of character which are
manifest in the honorable business man and also
in him who has the perseverance to promote gen-
eral welfare and progress. In all his dealings he
has been honorable, and his earnest effort was

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

655

the basis upon which he builded his prosperity.
Empty-handed when he started out in life on his
own account, he worked persistently and ener-
getically year after year, and thus added to his
capital. At all times he has borne an untarnished
name ; and it is with pleasure that we present his
history to his fellow townsmen.

William H. Gay, the oldest son of the family,
living near the. father, was born in Pike county,
March 2, 1840, and was reared upon the old
farm homestead. Having acquired a good English
education, he engaged in teaching school for three
years. He has been a Civil war veteran, having
been a member of Company K, Sixteenth Illinois
Infantry, with which he served with distinction
in defense of the Union cause during the greater
part of the war. He then returned to Pike county,
Illinois, where he resumed teaching, but later left
that profession and gave his entire time to farm-
ing and stock-raising. On the 2/th of October,
1867, he married Elizabeth Shinn, and unto them
have been born five children, namely : Mary,
Elmer D., Charles L., William W. and Fred S.
Gay. On the ist pf May, 1892, William H. Gay
was again married, his second union being with
Hattie Hubbard, by whom he had four children,
Grace, Ernest H., John W. and Lettie. Mr. Gay
is accounted one of the worthy men of Pike
county and one of its largest landowners. He is
now retired from active business cares, making
his home in Summer Hill.

GEORGE R. HAINES.

George R. Haines, who is one of the oldest
business men in Baylis, having located there in
1878, was born in Avon, Franklin county, Maine,
February 20, 1850, and is a son of Benjamin R.
and Sallie (Bailey) Haines, both of whom were
born in the Pine Tree state, and spent their last
days in Baylis, where they had established .their
home some years before. On his mother's side he
represents one of the old New England families
of English ancestry that was founded in America
in August, 1635. His father was also of English
ancestry, and his mother was a Scotch woman.

George R. Haines is one of a family of six
children, namely : Charles M. Haines, a contrac-
tor and builder of Saline, Kansas ; Mrs. Abbie B.
Merrick, the wife of H. Merrick, agent of the
Southern Railroad Company at Princeton, Indi-
•ana ; Ben Haines, deceased, who was for many
years a prominent business man of Baylis ; and
two sisters who died in childhood.

The youth of George R. Haines was passed in
Avon, Maine, where he spent the winter months
in the common schools, while in the spring and
summer months he worked in his father's lumber
mills, and on the home farm. In August, 1867,
he went to Camp Point, Illinois, where he at-
tended the Maplewood high school, returning
to his native state in March, 1868. During the fall
of 1868 and winter of 1869 he traveled in New
Hampshire and Vermont as salesman for a patent
medicine house of Auburn, Maine, visiting all
of the principal towns and villages in those states
along the lines of railroads and many of the larger
inland towns. In March, 1869, he returned with
his father's family to Camp Point, Illinois, where
he worked for nearly two years for his uncle, E.
E. B. Sawyer, in a general store.

Mr. Haines was married at Camp Point, No-
vember 17, 1870, to Miss Mattie J. Lasley, who
was born near Cincinnati, Ohio, but was reared
mostly in Illinois. Her father was William Las-
ley, who came from Ohio to Illinois in 1852 and
was pilot on a steamer which ran from New Or-
leans to St. Louis. He changed from the lower
river to a run from Keokuk to St. Paul, where he
lost his life by injuries received in a collision of
the boat with another steamer in 1854. His wife
had proceeded him to the great beyond. Unto
Mr. and Mrs. Haines was born a son, S. F.
Haines, who is now associate editor of the Baylis
Guide.

Mr. Haines was in the employ of the Wheeler
& Wilson Manufacturing Company for several
years, and in 1875-6 was manager of its branch
office at Kansas City, Missouri. In 1878 he removed
to Baylis. and in company with his brother, Ben
Haines, and his brother-in-law, H. Merrick, he
established the first hardware, furniture and agri-
cultural implement house in that village. In the
spring of 1879 he was called upon to mourn the

656

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

loss of his wife. He was married again, Sep-
tember 9, 1880, to Mrs. Nancy E. McClintock,
of Camp Point, a sister of his first wife and the
widow of Samuel McClintock. By her first
marriage she had one daughter, Anna E. McClin-
tock, who has always made her home with her
mother. To the last union was born one daughter,
Mattie S. Raines ; and one son, Harry P. Haines,
both of whom are now in the employ of their
father.

After his second marriage Mr. Haines left
his business in Baylis to his brother Ben and re-
moved to his wife's farm just north of Camp
Point, where he followed farming and stock-rais-
ing until December, 1886. He then returned to
Baylis and again engaged in the mercantile busi-
ness, which he followed until the fall of 1895,
at which time he sold his store, and in 1896 bought
the Baylis Guide plant, then owned by Bentley &
Donly, and continues its operation. He is inter-
actively engaged in newspaper, real-estate and in-
surance business, being senior member of the
Guide Printing Company, also of the Bayliss Real-
Estate Agency, manager of the Ben Haines Under-
taking Company, a member of the Illinois Under-
takers' Association, and also a stockholder and
secretary of the Baylis Creamery Company. He
is a member of Summit lodge, No. 834, I. O. O. F.
and, in fact, was the founder of the lodge, and
with others gave liberally toward the building of
the brick store and hall building now owned by
that lodge. He is a member of the Illinois grand
lodge, and has served two years as a member of
the committee on legislation in that grand body.
He is also a member of the Woodmen, the Mu-
tual Protective League and the Pike County Life
Association. His sons are both Odd Fellows, his
wife and daughters are members of the Rebekah
lodge ; and they are stanch Methodists.

Public interests have always received the co-
operation and support of Mr. Haines. He has
been elected several times a member of the vil-
lage board, serving also as its president.

Politically he is, and always has been, a repub-
lican, but political emoluments have no attraction
for him, as he prefers to devote his time and en-
ergies to his business interests and the duties de-

volving upon him
public office.

citizen, without regard to

LEVI LANDESS.

Levi Landess, a well known representative of
fanning interests in Pearl township, was born in
Highland county, Ohio, December 23, 1840, his
parents being John A. and Rachel (Michael)
Landess. The father was a farmer and removed
from his native state of Ohio to Kentucky. He
was married, however, in the Buckeye state. After
residing for some years in Kentucky, he came to
Pike county, Illinois, in 1865, settling in Monte-
zuma township, where he engaged in general agri-
cutlural pursuits, spending his remaining days
upon the homestead farm which he here developed
and improved. His wife also died in Monte-
zuma township.

Levi Landess. was reared to the occupation of
farming and acquired his education in the public
schools. He has devoted his entire life to agri-
cultural pursuits and now resides on a farm a mile
and a half north of Pearl, where he owns and op-
erates one hundred and twenty acres of land. As
a companion and helpmate for life's journey he
chose Miss Eveline G. Sweat, their marriage be-
ing celebrated on the I2th of August, 1869. in
Detroit, Illinois. Mrs. Landess is a daughter of
John A. and Rachel (Harden) Sweat. Her fa-
ther was a native of. the state of Maine, and on
leaving New England, when about nineteen years
of age, went with his parents to Missouri, whence
he afterward came to Pike county, Illinois. He
was married in Scott county, this state, in Septem-
ber, 1840. His death occurred in Newburg town-
ship, Pike county, near Pittsfield, and his remains
were interred in Blue River cemetery near the vil-
lage of Detroit. His wife died at the home of
Asahel Duff, and she was laid to rest by the side
of her husband in Blue River cemetery.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Landess have been born
five children: Artie R., who died August 31,
1870; Arthur P.; Ada V., who died September
7, 1872; Bertha V.; Edith M., who died July 4,
1881. The son, Arthur P. Landess, completed

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

657

his education in the high school at Pearl, and after
his graduation began teaching, which profession
he followed for six yoars in Pike county. He
then went to Bushnell, Illinois, where he taught in
the Western Normal College, for three years. He
afterward taught in Greer College at Hoopeston,
Illinois, for one year, on the expiration of which
period he went to Peoria, Illinois, where he en-
gaged in the practice of law for a year, having
been previously admitted to the bar in Chicago.
On leaving Peoria he took up his abode in Chi-
cago, and is now employed in the Bell Telephone
Wire Factory as an expert timekeeper. He mar-
ried Miss Leona Snell, of Bushnell, Illinois. Ber-
tha Y. Landess was married July 31, 1902, to
Edwin L. Bailey, of Greer College, Hoopeston,
Illinois, both having been teachers in that in-
stitution.

Mr. and Mrs. Landess are members of the
Christian church at Green Pond, Illinois, and are
highly esteemed in the county where they have
now long resided. His entire life has been devoted
to agricultural pursuits ; and in his business ca-
reer he has been both energetic and upright, win-
ning success and an honorable name.

GEORGE W. SCHWARTZ, M. D.

Dr. George W. Schwartz, a pioneer physician
and surgeon of Summer Hill, was born in Atlas
township, February 17, 1847, ms parents being
George and Mary (Gay) Schwartz. The father
was born in Spleugen, Switzerland, on the 7th
of October, 1808, and emigrated to the United
States about 1834, making his way direct to
Pike county, Illinois. He worked for a time with
Lyman Scott, a prominent farmer near Atlas,
Illinois, and subsequently formed a partnership
with James Gay, Sr., of Summer Hill. In the
spring of 1835 they rented a farm and carried on
general agricultural pursuits together. They also
leased cattle and hogs and raised them on the
shares. This business connection was continued
until 1842, after which they purchased eighty
acres of farm land near Atlas and subsequently
purchased one hundred and sixty acres on credit,

but they disposed of sixty acres, fearing to take-
too great a responsibility in assuming the payment
for this property. They then divided the remain-
ing one hundred acres and also the eighty acres
which they had previously purchased, and Mr.
Schwartz and Mr. Gay then farmed separately.
Mr. Schwartz lived uponand farmed his land until
1855, at which time he sold the property to Jack-
son Shaw. He then purchased another farm of
two hundred and forty acres in Atlas township,
about one mile north of his farm property, and
this he continued to cultivate until the latter part
of his life, when in 1867 he retired from active
business and rented his farm, which he owned,
however, up to the time of his death. It has since
been sold by the heirs. He departed this life in
Summer Hill, January 26, 1887, and his wife died
November 2, 1902. Both were buried in Sum-
mer Hill cemetery. Mr. Schwartz had wedded
Miss Mary Gay, who was born in North Carolina,
October 25, 1810. Unto this marriage there were
born five children, three sons and two daughters.
Mary A., born July 27, 1839, died June 19, 1854,
and was buried in Summer Hill cemetery. John
G., born February 17, 1841, died May 16, 1897,
and was buried in Hebron cemetery in Adams
county. Julius was born June 15, 1844. George
W. is the next of the family. Lucy A., born Jan-
uary 20, 1854, became the wife of John Shaw,
who died in December, 1905, while visiting at his
old home in Summer Hill. His widow and two
children survive him and reside in Quincy,
Illinois.

George W. Schwartz, whose name introduces
this review, has resided continuously in Atlas
township for nearly fifty-nine years except for
a period of six months spent in the practice of
His profession in Atchison county, Missouri. His
primary education was obtained in the district
schools of his native township, and he afterward
pursued his studies in a select school of Perry,
Illinois, taught by Jon Shastid, a pioneer teacher
of Pike county, and also a school taught by him
in Pittsfield, Illinois. He afterward studied for a
time in the public schools of Pittsfield, and later
spent two years as a student in the preparatory
school of Knox College at Galesburg, Illinois,
after which he matriculated in the freshman class

6S8

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of the same college, completing the work of the
sophomore year as well. He then passed an ex-
amination and entered the junior class of the same
college, but left that school in the fall of 1870,
and entered upon the study of medicine in the
office of Drs. Hurd and Burlingham in Galesburg,
Illinois. Later he matriculated in the College of
Physicians & Surgeons at St. Louis, Missouri,
where he pursued a course of lectures, and in
1871 he entered the medical department of the
University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where he
remained for one term. In the fall of 1872 he
became a student in the St. Louis Medical Col-
lege, now the medical department of Washington
University, in which he pursued a one year's
course and was graduated therefrom with the de-
gree of M. D. on the i3th of March, 1873. In the
spring of the same year he began practicing in
Milton, Atchison county, Missouri, where he re-
mained for six months, when he made a trip to
Texas with a view of locating there, but
finding no location to his liking, he re-
turned to Pike county and opened an office in
Summer Hill, where he has since been in continu-
ous practice for thirty-three years. He enjoys a
large patronage, and his business has been of an
important nature. He has always kept well in-
formed concerning the progress of the medical
fraternity, and the new ideas advanced by the pro-
fession as experience and investigation have
broadened the knowledge of the members of the
medical fraternity.

In his political views Dr. Schwartz is an earn-
est republican, having always upheld the princi-
ples of that party. He is widely and favorably
known in Pike county, where he has a host of
loyal friends, having become popular with all
whom he has met either socially or professionally.

HUTSON MARTIN.

Hutson Martin, a retired farmer living in
Rockport, was born in Danville, Vermilion coun-
ty, Illinois, January 16, 1832, and is the third in
a family of seven children, whose parents were
William and Ceraphena (Wetherby) Martin. The

father was a native of Virginia and, taking up his
abode in Vermilion county, Illinois, at an early
day, was there engaged in farming up to the time
of his death, which occurred in 1838, his remains
being interred in a cemetery near Danville. His
wife was a native of the state of New York and
was married in Indiana to William Martin. Sub-
sequent to his death she became the wife of Sam-
uel Purcell, and in 1846 they removed to Pike
county, settling in Derry township, where Mr.
Purcell rented a farm and carried on general ag-
ricultural pursuits. Mrs. Purcell spent her last
days in Adams county, Washington, where she
died in 1890, her remains being interred at near
Washtucna.

Hutson Martin, whose name introduces this re-
view, was a youth of about fourteen years when
he accompanied his mother, stepfather and other
members of the family to Pike county. He re-
mained with the Purcell family for a time and
later started out in life on his own account. In
1854, when twenty-two years of age, he bought
a farm of sixty acres in Derry township, and at
once began its improvement and development,
continuing its cultivation until 'he had trans-
formed it into a very valuable and productive
property. As his financial resources increased
he kept adding to his place until he had two hun-
dred and eighty acres of good farming property
in Derry township. As the years passed by he
prospered and stored up a capital sufficient to
enable him in the evening of life to enjoy a well
earned rest. Their children were Matilda, Oliver,
Hutson, Tarble W., Henry, Amantha and Mar-
tha. Four of the number, however, have passed
away, the surviving members of the family being
Hutson, Matilda and Tarble.

Mr. Martin was married to Miss Lydia Cham-
berlin, a daughter of Aaron and Rachael (Bry-
ant) Chamberlin. Her father was a native of
New Jersey and her mother of Ohio, their mar-
riage being celebrated in Butler county of the
latter state. They came to Pike county, Illi-
nois, in 1835, settling in Derry township among
the early residents of the locality. Mr. Chamber-
lin began farming and continued to follow the
pursuit up to the time of his death, which oc-
curred in May, 1850, his remains being interred

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

659

in the Taylor cemetery. His wife long survived
him, passing away February 6, 1889, at the home
of her daughter, Mrs.' Martin. She was then laid
to rest by the side of her husband in Taylor
cemetery. In their family were three sons and
one daughter, Alfred, James W., John B. and
Lydia A., but the first two are now deceased.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Martin have been born
seven children, three sons and four daughters:
Isaiah B., who died upon his father's farm Feb-
ruary ii, 1872, and was buried upon this place,
a part of the farm being donated for cemetery
purposes, and now known as the Taylor cemetery ;
Willard A., who resides in Louisiana, Missouri,
where he is proprietor of a grocery store ; Gilbert
N., who carries on general agricultural pursuits
on the old homestead farm ; Flora M., who died
October 7, 1867; Mary J., the wife of Charles H.
Taylor, who resides on a farm in Atlas town-
ship ; Delia R., the wife of George S. Adams, who
is living in the town of Atlas; and Lydia A., the
wife of H. Wallace Haines, of Rockport.

Throughout his active business career Mr.
Martin carried on general farming, but is now liv-
ing retired, having acquired property and capital
sufficient to enable him to spend the evening of
his life in the enjoyment of well earned ease. For
long years he and his wife resided upon the farm,
which is yet their home ; and its well improved
appearance is largely due to the labor and care
which he bestowed upon it. In all his business
dealings he was just and fair, never taking ad-
vantage of the necessities of his fellowmen in any
trade transaction ; and he gained for himself an
honorable name as well as a comfortable com-
petence.

T. B. FISHER.

T. B. Fisher, postmaster and merchant at Bee
Creek, was born December 14, 1859, in Colum-
bus, Ohio, where he was educated in the public
schools. His parents, Edward and Terza (Der-
mott) Fisher, were also natives of the Buckeye
state and lived and died in Columbus. For thirty
years prior to his death the father was engaged
in the undertaking business there.

T. B. Fisher remained a resident of his native
city until 1877, when at the age of seventeen years
he left Ohio and came direct to Pike county, lo-
cating in Bee Creek, where he has since lived with
the exception of one year passed in St. Louis.
He began farm work upon his arrival here and
was thus employed for four years. On the ex-
piration of that period he went to Pearl station,
where he was engaged in merchandising in part-
nership with his uncle, Michael Fisher, for a year.
He then sold out to his uncle and became a part-
ner of W. L. Deemer in the same line, this rela-
tion being also maintained for a year, at the end
of which time Mr. Fisher disposed of his interest
to his partner. Returning to Bee Creek, he en-
gaged in farming, renting land for about two
years, after which he purchased a farm two and
a half miles from the village, comprising sixty
acres of good land, which he improved, placing
it under a high state of cultivation. After two
years, however, he went to St. Louis, Missouri,
on account of the ill health of his wife. He had
been married in 1881 to Miss Josephine Roberts,
a daughter of George W. and Rowena C. (Al-
bert) Roberts. Her father was one of the early
settlers of Pike county and both he and his wife
are still living at Bee Creek. He has contributed
in substantial measure to the growth and im-
provement of his section of the county, and may
well be mentioned among the honored early
settlers.

Mr. and Mrs. Fisher continued to make their
home in St. Louis for about a year, after which
they returned to the farm, and his attention was
given to general agricultural pursuits until the
7th of April, 1900, when he opened a general
store in Bee Creek. He still owns his farm,
however, and it is operated under his personal
supervision. On the same day in which he opened
his store he was appointed postmaster at Bee
Creek under President McKinley's administra-
tion, and has held the office continuously since. He
was engaged in merchandising in the old store
which he rented when he embarked in business
here until the building was destroyed by fire on
the 27th of February, 1904, his stock being also
entirely consumed. In October, 1903, he pur-
chased a stock of merchandise at Gravel Point,

66o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Calhoun count}-, and conducted business there in
conjunction with his store at Bee Creek until
his new store was ready for occupancy. In Oc-
tober, 1904, he erected a good business building
in Bee Creek and put in a more extensive stock
of general merchandise than he had ever carried
before. He is now enjoying a paying trade, hav-
ing a liberal patronage from the village and sur-
rounding country. He conducts his interests along
modern business lines; and his activity, careful
management and diligence constitute the basis
of his success.

Mr. and Mrs. Fisher are the parents of five
children, but they lost their first born, Terza C.,
whose birth occurred May 3, 1881, and who died
on the 5th of November of the same year. The
others are : Zula G., who was born November 26,
1883; Alpha B., born October 30, 1885; Harlan
D., February 28, 1887; and Zendoree E., born
October 31, 1904. All of the children were born
at Bee Creek.

Mr. Fisher is a self-made man of much
strength of character and determination. His
mother died during his infancy, and he was only
twelve years of age when he started out in life
on his own account. He has since depended en-
tirely upon his own resources ; and as the years
have gone by, he has made consecutive advance-
ment, progressing steadily toward the goal of
success. No fortunate combination of circum-
stances have aided him ; and, in fact, he has met
difficulties and obstacles, but he has steadily-
worked his way upward and is today prospering
in his undertakings.

CHARLES H. HURT.

Charles H. Hurt, postmaster of Barry, was born
April 30, 1841, a son of Elisha and Margaret
(Lee) Hurt. The father's birth occurred in
Kentucky, May 26, 1809, and his parents were
Joshua and Sally (Davis) Hurt, who came to Il-
linois at an early day, settling in Sangamon
county, where he died the same year. His first
wife had departed this life in Tennessee, and he
afterward married Elizabeth Pebworth, of Ken-

tucky, who after his death returned to Kentucky
with four of the youngest sons : William P.,
Smith, James and Harvey. The family is of
English lineage, the great-grandfather of our
subject having been born in England, whence he
came to America with his parents, settling in
North Carolina. At the time of the outbreak of
hostilities between the colonies and the mother
country he joined the continental army and val-
iantly fought for the independence of the nation.
The paternal grandparents of our subject were
natives of Virginia and the grandfather was born
in 1782. He served as a soldier of the war of
1812 and participated in the battle of New Or-
leans, Louisiana, on the 8th of January, 1815.
The family was further represented in the mili-
tary service of this country by Jon, William P.
and Smith Hurt, uncles of our subject, who
served in the Mexican war, while Smith Hurt
afterward became colonel of the Twenty-fourth
Kentucky Infantry Regiment in the Civil war.

Elisha Hurt, father of our subject, arrived in
Pike county, Illinois, in 1839, when it was still
largely an unimproved and unsettled district.
He took up his abode in Barry township. He had
been married in Kentucky in 1838 to Miss Mar-
garet J. Lee, a native of Morgan county, Vir-
ginia, where she was born in 1818. Unto this
union were born twelve children, three of whom
are now living: Elisha, who was a soldier of
Company F, One hundred and Thirty-seventh
Illinois Infantry in the Civil war, and is now
living in Mount Vernon, this state; Edwin G.,
who resides in Boise City, Idaho; and Charles H.
Another son of the family, John M. Hurt, now
deceased, was numbered among the boys in blue
of Company G, Eighth Illinois Volunteer In-
fantry, with which he continued for three months.
He entered the army as a private and became
quartermaster sergeant of the Twenty-eighth Il-
linois Infantry, while later he was captain of
Company E of the One Hundred and Twenty-
first Regiment of United States Colored Troops
and also captain of Company C, Twelfth .United
States Colored Heavy Artillery.

Elisha Hurt, father of this family, went to Cal-
ifornia in 1849, being among the first to cross
the plains in that year, attracted by the discovery

C. H. HURT

"o* ^ \^v

^

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

663

of gold on the Pacific slope, where he met with
gratifying success. He erected the first frame
building at Placerville, was engaged in mercantile
business there and also served as postmaster. At
that time eggs sold at one dollar apiece and both
bacon and salt sold at one dollar per pound. Mr.
Hurt returned east in 1851 and engaged in mer-
chandising in Barry for ten years or until1 1861,
when he retired from active business. During
the Civil war he raised a company for service
and was commissioned captain of Company I
of the Twenty-eighth Illinois Infantry, with
which he was connected for three years. His
political allegiance was given to the republican
party from the time of its organization and he
was recognized as a local leader in its ranks. He
served as sheriff of Pike county as a whig in
1853 and 1854. His death occurred August 7,
1888, while his wife passed away on the 6th of
May, 1866.

Charles H. Hurt was educated in the schools of
his native town and manifested the military spirit
which has been a marked characteristic in the
family through many generations. His love of
country was shown by his prompt response to
the call for troops at the outbreak of the Civil war.
Hardly had the smoke from Fort Sumter's guns
cleared away than he donned the blue uniform of
the nation, enlisting from Barry on the 2Oth of
April, 1861, in response to the call for three
months' troops. He was mustered into the
United States service at Springfield, Illinois, on
the 25th of April, 1861, as a private under the
command of Captain John G. McWilliams of
Company G, Eighth Illinois Infantry, the colonel
being Richard J. Oglesby, afterward governor of
the state. The regiment was organized at Spring-
field and after being mustered in there was sent
to Cairo, Illinois, where he remained during the
three months' term. On the 25th of July, 1861,
it was reorganized and mustered into the service
for three years. Mr. Hurt was honorably dis-
charged at Cairo, July 25, 1861, by reason of the
expiration of his term. He then re-enlisted on the
same day to serve for three years or during the
war and was mustered in as first sergeant of Com-
pany G, Eighth Regiment of Illinois Volunteers
under command of Captain James S. Barnard and

Colonel R. J. Oglesby for three years' service.
The regiment continued to drill and do guard
duty at Cairo until October, 1861, when it was
transferred to Bird's Point, Missouri, there re-
maining until February, 1862, becoming thor-
oughly grounded in the manuel of arms and
attaining a high degree of discipline and efficiency.
The members of this regiment made expeditions
at different times to Cape Girardeau, Commerce,
Bloomfield and Norfolk, Missouri, and to Bland-
ville, Kentucky, joining in the attack on Colum-
bus, in January, 1862. On the 2d of February
following they moved up the Tennessee river to
a point near Fort Henry, where it reconnoitered
the enemy's position, proceeding near enough to
drive in the outpost and this regiment was among
the first to enter the forf after its reduction by
the Union gunboat's" on. the 6th of February, 1862.
Subsequently the command was. assigned to the
Third Brigade, Logan's Division of the Seventh
Army Corps of the Army of the Tennessee and
thus participated in the battle of Fort Donelson
on the I3th, 14™ and isth of February, 1862,
where the Eighth Illinois was contantly under
heavy fire, suffering severely from the driving
snowstorm and intense cold as well as from the
rebel lead. The regiment lost in that engagement
fifty-seven killed, one hundred and ninety-one
wounded and ten missing. On the 6th of March
the command embarked on the Tennessee river
for Savannah and took part in the engagement at
Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing on the 6th and 7th
of April, 1862. Again the troops were in active
duty at the siege of Corinth, at Port Gibson or
Thompson's Hill, at Raymond, Jackson, Champion
Hill, Black River, the siege of Vicksburg and the
siege of Mobile, Alabama, including the capture
of Spanish Fort and of Fort Blakely on the 9th
of April, 1865. They were also in a number of
minor engagements, skirmishes and raids. The
Eighth Illinois was the first regiment to plant its
colors on the earthworks at Fort Blakely, Ala-
bama, and subsequently moved into Louisiana and
Texas, rendering valuable guard duty and engag-
ing an occasional expedition for the protection of
government property and government officials. In
the late fall of 1865 the regiment was ordered to
Alexandria, Louisiana, where it remained until

664

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

winter and then went to Shreveport, Louisiana,
where it was stationed until April, 1866. ' It was
mustered out May 4, 1866, at Baton Rouge,
Louisiana, and ordered to Springfield, where the
men were honorably discharged May 13, 1866,
after a service of more than five years' duration.
On the expiration of his three years' term Mr.
Hurt had been honorably discharged at Vicks-
burg, Mississippi, on the 1st of April, 1864, and
had then re-enlisted as a veteran in the same com-
pany and regiment, at which time he was mus-
tered into the United States service as first lieu-
tenant of Company G to serve for three years
longer or during the war, Lieutenant-Colonel Jo-
siah H. Sheets commanding the regiment. For
brave and efficient service he received the follow-
ing promotions : To orderly sergeant of Company
G upon the organization of the regiment for three
years' service July 25, 1861 ; commissioned sec-
ond lieutenant after the battle of Fort Donelson
for meritorious service February 15, 1862; com-
missioned first lieutenant July 25, 1864 ; commis-
sioned captain October 7, 1864; and mustered in
November 16, 1864. He was wounded at the
battle of Shiloh, Tennessee, April 6, 1862, by a
gunshot through the left arm and side, after
which he was removed to a hospital that had been
fitted up in a church at Savannah, Tennessee,
where he -remained for about twenty days. He
was then granted a furlough, which he spent at
home, after which he rejoined his regiment before
Corinth, Mississippi, in May, '1862. He was in
signal service for about a year, including a part
of 1862 and of 1863. He participated in all the
engagements of the Eighth Illinois Regiment dur-
ing its long and arduous service and was mus-
tered out with his command at Baton Rouge,
Louisiana, on the 4th of May, 1866. The Eighth
Illinois was longer in continuous service than any
other volunteer organization during the Civil war
and was next to the last infantry regiment to be
mustered out from Illinois. Mr. Hurt was the
first man to enlist from Barry and in fact the only
one that enlisted for three months' service and he
was the last one to be discharged. His military
record is certainly one of which he has every
reason to be proud and the country owes to him
a debt of gratitude for what he accomplished in

behalf of the Union cause. The family of which
he is a representative has ever been noted for its
patriotism, loyalty and bravery. Mr. Hurt's
father and three of his sons, John M., Elisha and
Charles H., and his son-in-law, Major E. A. Cran-
dall, of the Ninety-ninth Illinois Volunteer In-
fantry, gave to the government an aggregate serv-
ice of fifteen years during the Civil war.

While home on a furlough Charles H. Hurt
was married at Barry, on the 5th of May, 1864,
to Miss C. Mell Cram, a native of Crawford
county, Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Orange
and Susan (Carroll) Cram. Mr. and Mrs. Hurt
had five children, but all died in infancy. How-
ever, they have adopted two children, one of
whom is living, Joseph N. Hurt, who is still with
his foster parents.

From 1874 until 1881 Mr. Hurt was auditor
and paymaster for the St. Louis, Keokuk& North-
western Railroad and made all the payments dur-
ing that period, including the construction of sev-
enty-five miles of new road. He afterward en-
gaged in farming for ten years and in 1891 he
engaged in the hardware business, which he fol-
lowed until 1893. In 1896 he erected the post-
office block and was then engaged in the furniture
business until 1902. In 1900 he had been ap-
point postmaster and since 1902 he lias devoted
his entire attention to the duties of the position.
In politics he is a stalwart republican and has
acted as supervisor of Barry township. He
belongs to Barry lodge, No. 34, A. F.
& A. M., and for ten years has been honored
with the office of secretary. He is also a member
of Barry charpter, No. 88, R. A. M., and belongs
to John McTucker post, No. 154, G. A. R., of
Barry, in which he has acted as commander for
two terms. His father was one of the organizers
and a charter member of the Barry Masonic lodge,
which was established in 1845, tne organization
being effected at his home, which is still standing,
and he was chosen its first secretary. Charles H.
Hurt is now one of the oldest business men of the
town of Barry, having been identified with its in-
terests since 1852. Throughout this period his
course has been such as to win for him the un-
qualified respect and regard of his fellowmen. In
matters of citizenship he has been as loyal to his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

665

community and his country in days of peace as
when he followed the old flag upon southern
battle-fields and in business affairs he has been
straigh forward and honorable, while in all social
and fraternal relations he has been found true to
the trust reposed in him.

JAMES WILLIAMSON.

Of the residents of Pittsfield who are con-
tributing to the business activity and prosperity
of the city as well as to their individual success,
James Williamson is a representative. He is en-
gaged in the grain trade, and operates the only
exclusive elevator in Pittsfield. Success in any
line of occupation, in any avenue of business is not
a matter of spontaneity, but is the legitimate off-
spring of subjective effort in the broader utiliza-
tion of the means at hand, the improvement of
opportunity and the exercise of one's native pow-
ers. That Mr. Williamson today ranks among the
prominent residents of Pittsfield, is attributable
entirely to his own labors ; for in the fullest sense
he has been the architect of his own fortunes,
building wisely and well. A native of Ohio, he
was born in 1838. His father, Jesse Williamson,
born in Baltimore, Maryland, was of Irish de-
scent ; and, removing to Ohio, there turned his
attention to farming which he followed until
1857. He then came with his family to Pike
county, Illinois, settling in Newburg township,
where he made investment in one hundred and
sixty acres of land upon which he carried on
general farming until his later years. He contin-
ued to reside, however, upon the old homestead
until his death, which occurred in 1894. His
wife, who bore the maiden name of Martha Sloan,
was born in Highland county, Ohio. Mr. Wil-
liamson was well known in the county as a man
of good business capacity, independent' in thought
and action, but of upright character and high prin-
ciples. He was identified with no religious nor
political organization, but gave his support wher-
ever he thought it merited and co-operated in
many movements for the general good. In the
family were four children, of whom two are liv-

ing : James and Thomas, the latter a resident of
Jacksonville, Illinois. He is married and has two
children: Ernest E., who is editor of the Inde-
pendent Press at Griggsville, Illinois ; and Ray-
mond, who is residing in Oklahoma.

James Williamson began his education at the
usual age in the common schools, and afterward
attended the Commercial College at Pittsburg,
Pennsylvania, for a short time. Subsequent to
his removal to Pike county, he began farming,
purchasing a tract of land in Newburg township.
He has since been a landowner of this county and
is to-day the possessor of eighty acres, constitut-
ing a well improved and beautiful farm. For
many years he actively carried on general farm
work himself, but now rents his land. About
1887 he engaged in the grain business in Pitts-
field, and in connection with Thomas Ward pur-
chased the old mill, which was one of the first
plants of this character in the county. The part-
nership was maintained for a time, and then Mr.
Williamson purchased Mr. Ward's interest; and
not long afterward the mill burned down. Mr.
Williamson having purchased the old creamery
building, converted it into an elevator, and has
since engaged in buying wheat. He also purchased
a feed mill, and has ground feed, cornmeal and
graham flour — commodities which he exchanges
for wheat. He has the only feed mill in the town,
and is doing a nice business here.

Mr. Williamson was married to Miss Ellen
Hayden, who was born in Newburg township,
Pike county, in 1848, a daughter of L. E. Hay-
den, a farmer owning two hundred acres of land,
and one of the early settlers of Pike county, to
which place he came in 1832 from Missouri. Mrs.
Williamson has a brother in Pittsfield — Newton
J. Hayden, while another brother, William F.
Hayden. a soldier of the Civil war, is residing at
Milton. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Williamson have been
born two sons : Orville, who was educated in
Pittsfield and in the Commercial Cpllege at
Quincy, married Ida Hamilton, of Barry, where
they now reside, and where he is acting as cash-
ier of the First National Bank. Gay, who was
educated in Pittsfield and in the Commercial Col-
lege at Quincy, is a farmer living in Pittsfield.
He married Salina Carnes, of this city, and they

'666

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

have five children, Luella, Helen, Presley, Bir-
della and Verdon.

In his political affiliation Mr. Williamson is a
republican/ but without aspiration for office. He
belongs to the Masonic fraternity, in which he has
taken the degrees of the lodge, chapter and coun-
cil. He is regarded as an exemplary member of
the Masonic fraternity, being true to the teach-
ings of the craft, which is based upon mutual help-
fulness and brotherly kindness. He is a very
busy man, yet he is ever ready to pause in the
midst of business duties to lend a helping hand to
friend or neighbor, or to aid in advancing the
city's welfare. He is moreover worthy of the re-
spect which is freely accorded him, for his name
is a synonym for honorable dealing, with all that
is elevating and beneficial to the city and county.

CHARLES R. WYATT.

Charles R. Wyatt, proprietor of the Wyatjt Ho-
tel at Rockport, is a self-made man, deserving
much credit for what he has accomplished in the
business world. He was born January 4, 1843,
in New York city, where he spent the first ten
years of his life, acquiring his primary education
there. He is the son of Richard and Elizabeth
(Cole) Wyatt, being the fifth in order of birth
in a family of eight children. The parents were
both natives of England, where they were reared,
educated and married. They emigrated from
London with their three children and landed at
New York city. The father 'was an umbrella-ma-
ker, and worked at his trade up to the time of his
death, which occurred June n, 1850, in New
York, when he was thirty-nine years of age, his
remains being interred in the Greenwood ceme-
tery in Brooklyn. His wife survived him until
August 29, 1865, and died on the W. R. Wills
farm near Pittsfield, her remains being interred
in the West cemetery near that city. She was for-
ty-nine years of age at the time of her demise.

In October, 1853, Charles R. Wyatt left the
eastern metropolis in company with his brother
William, and made his way to Rockport, Pike

county, Illinois. He was sent here by the Chil-
drens' Aid Society of New York city. Mrs.
Wyatt having been left without means upon her
husband's death, and with a family of eight chil-
dren to support, was obliged to seek assistance ;
and it was thus that the two brothers came to
Pike county. Charles R. Wyatt was then bound
out to Thomas Odiorne, a farmer residing one
mile north of Rockport, with whom he remained
until twenty-one years of age, engaged in active
farm work. At the end of that time he re-
ceived one hundred dollars in money and a suit
of clothes — a very meagre recompense for his ten
years of faithful labor. He at once left the farm
of Mr. Odiorne, and for about one year was em-
ployed at farm labor by others. At this time, 1864,
his mother arrived in Atlas township with her
younger son, George, and Mr. Wyatt then rented
forty acres of farm land from W. R. Wills near
Pittsfield. There the family resided for one sum-
mer; and it was upon that farm that the mother
died.

On the isth of April, 1866, Mr. Wyatt won a
companion and helpmate for life's journey by his
marriage to Miss Sarah K. Mace, a daughter of
John and Lucia M. (Chamberlin) Mace, in
whose family were five children, she being the
fourth in order of birth. John Mace was a na-
tive of Bangor, Maine, born December 9, 1818,
and was a carpenter by trade. He removed to
Illinois at an early day, and was married in
Griggsville township. He worked at his trade
up to the time of his death, which occurred in
Rockport, October 13, 1863, and his grave was
made in the cemetery at New Salem, Pike county.
His widow still survives him and yet makes her
home in Griggsville. She is now the wife of Isaac
Cunningham. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Wyatt have
been born two sons and two daughters. Phillip
A. married Miss Edna Donohoe, August 8, 1894,
and after her death wedded Alice B. Shaw, Sep-
tember 5, 1901, their home being now in Rock-
port. Lucia E. was born August i, 1871, and is
with her parents, now teaching the seventh con-
secutive term in the Rockport schools. Jessie L.,
born April 19, 1874, was married August 16,
1896, to Charles L. Gay and they reside five miles
northeast of Rockport. Charles A., born No-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

667

vember 26, 1877, was married August 9, 1900,
to Zeulah Hoy and resides in Oklahoma.

Mr. Wyatt is a stalwart republican in his po-
litical views, but has never taken an active part
in political affairs or sought office. His life has
been devoted to his business affairs, and he is
now proprietor of the Wyatt Hotel at Rock-
port, which he is capably conducting. It is find-
ing favor with the ' traveling public, and he re-
ceives a good patronage. He and his wife have
traveled life's journey happily together for many
years, and death has never entered their im-
mediate household. They are devoted to each
other, are faithful in friendship and have great
happiness in their grandchildren, now seven in
number.

JAMES EMERSON.

James Emerson, whose farm in Pleasant Vale
township is devoted to the cultivation of fruit
as well as to the cereals best adapted to soil and
climate, is a native of Carroll county, Ohio, born,
on the 2 1st of December, 1836. His parents were
Ephraim and Elizabeth (Wallace) Emerson, the
former a native of Maryland and the latter of
Ohio. A farmer by occupation, Ephraim Em-
erson became identfied wth agrcultural inter-
ests in Pike county in 1838, settling in Pleasant
Vale township, where he entered one hundred and
sixty acres of land from the government, the tract
then being covered with timber. He at once be-
gan to clear away the trees and cultivate the
fields. In 1851 he sold forty acres of his land,
after which he removed to a farm south of New
Canton and still later made his home nearer that
city. At the time of his death he was the owner
of a good farm of two hundred and forty acres,
which was the visible evidence of a life of well
directed energy and thrift, for his prosperity was
attributable, entirely to his own labors. In politics
he was a whig and in later years became a re-
publican. For a long period he served as school
director ; and the cause of education found in him
a warm friend. His wife held membership in the
Methodist church; and he contributed to its sup-

port. His death occurred when he was seventy-
two years of age, while Mrs. Emerson passed
away at the age of fifty-nine years. In their fam-
ily were seven children, but only three are living :
James ; Jehu, of Berry ; and Amanda, the wife of
Frank Uppenhouse.

In his early boyhood days, James Emerson
was a common-school student; and he began life
for himself at the age of twenty-two years. He
purchased the farm upon which he now resides,
and which was then, but partially improved. He
now owns seventy-five acres of land whereon he.
follows general farming and stock-raising. This
is a fine place on the river bottom, the soil being
very rich and productive. The farm is well fenced,
and well improved in every particular ; and he
has considerable fruit upon his place. The build-
ings comprise a comfortable residence, good barns
and commodious sheds; and the latest improved
machinery facilitates the work of the fields. In
all that he does he is practical, and his labors have
been characterized by system as well as by unre-
mitting attention to all the details of his business.
On the loth of March, 1859, Mr. Emerson
was united in marriage to Miss Lydia Yearley,
who was born in Pleasant Vale township, April
12, 1840, and was a daughter of .Orlando and
Orinda (Card) Yearley, the former a native of
New Hampshire and the latter of Ohio. Both
died during the early girlhood of their daughter,
Mrs. Emerson. Unto them were born three chil-
dren, of whom two are now living. The father's
death occurred in 1846. For her second husband
Mrs. Emerson's mother married John Yearley, a
brother of Orlando, and to them were born three
children: Orlando; Luenna, the wife bf Thomas
Cochran; and Clarissa, who is the widow of
B. F. Boyd and resides in Iowa. The grandfa-
ther of Mrs. Emerson came to Pike county about
1830, settling in Pleasant Vale township. He was
a farmer by occupation and aided in the early
progress and improvement of this part of the
state. Mrs. Emerson's father was a whig in his
political views; and both he and the mother of
Mrs. Emerson were Universalists in religious
faith. Unto our subject and his wife have been
born three children: Emma, the wife of D. L.
Nicholas, who resides near her father ; Charles E.,

668

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

living in St. Louis, Missouri ; and William Henry,
at home.

Since casting his first presidential ballot for
Abraham Lincoln Mr. Emerson has been a stal-
wart republican. He is a gentleman of fine per-
sonal appearance and he and the other members
of the family are of friendly, social natures, en-
joying in large measure the good will and kindly
regard of all with whom they have been associ-
ated. He has always lived the life of a farmer
and although the years have been quietly passed,
his record is one worthy of commendation and of
emulation, for he has been true to his duties of
citizenship, has met all of the obligations of busi-
ness life and has manifested in his social rela-
tons those traits of character which add much
to the sum total of human happiness.

JOSEPH H. WELLS.

Joseph H. Wells, who is engaged in general
blacksmithing in Atlas, was born January 28,
1876, in New Canton, Pike county, a son of
Archie and Mary Jane Wells. The father, a na-
tive of Adams county, Illinois, has followed farm-
ing, but is now engaged in selling groceries in
and around New Canton ; and he and his wife still
make their home in New Canton township.

Joseph H. Wells of this review acquired his
preliminary education at Cincinnati Landing, and
afterward spent some time in the Spring school
in New Canton township. Later he attended the
Stony Point district school, and again became a
student in the Spring school. He was reared
upon his father's farm, and through the periods
of vacation his time was largely given to the labor
of the fields. He thus followed farming until
twenty-one years of age, at which time he began
learning the blacksmith's trade at Barry, Illi-
nois, under .the direction of Jasper Dudley, for
whom he worked for about a year. In 1897, at
the age of twenty-two years, he engaged in black-
smithing for himself at Seahorn, Pike county,
where he continued in the same business for two
years. He afterward went to Hull station, near
Kinderhook, where he followed his trade for

eighteen months, at the end of which time he
went to Pike station, wherehe spent two and a half
years at blacksmithing. In June, 1903, he arrived in
Atlas and has since conducted a smithy here,
meeting with good success in his business. Hard
and unremitting labor has brought him a com-
fortable living ; and he now has a good patronage
because of his excellent work and his straight-
forward dealing.

On the igth of May, 1895, Mr. Wells was
united in marriage to Miss Hattie May Hart, a
daughter of Norman and Sarah J. (Underwood)
Hart. Four children have been born of this
union, three daughters and a son: Annie, born
December 10, 1895 ; George Dewey, born Au-
gust i, 1899; Sarah E., who was born December
,11, 1902, and died at birth, the burial being made
in the Shear graveyard at New Canton ; and Mag-
gie E., born July 20, 1904. Mrs. Wells' father,
Norman Hart, was born in this county, is now
deceased and was buried in the Barry cemetery.
His widow has since married Francis M. Cory,
who resides in Atlas township.

Mr. Wells is a member of the Modern Wood-
men of America. He has a wide acquaintance in
his part of the county, his entire life having been
passed within its border; and, in his home com-
munity, is known as one whose diligence and. re-
liability are unquestioned features in his business
career. Moreover, his advancement has come be-
cause he has constantly sought it. He started out
empty-handed, and with no assistance from influ-
ential friends or advantageous circumstances, he
has gained a creditable position in industrial
circles.

CHARLES N. HAINES.

Charles N. Haines who is connected with com-
mercial pursuits in Rockport as a representative
of Haines, Rupert & Company, and who is
filling the office of justice of the peace for the
second term, was born in this village, May 17,
1870, his parents being Thomas R. and Florence
J. (Crenshaw) Haines. The father was a na-
tive of Deny township, Pike county, while the
mother was born in Summer Hill. Throughout

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

669

his active business career Thomas R. Haines
engaged in fanning and his death occurred about
four miles from Rockport at what was then known
as Gilgal in Atlas township, his remains being
interred in the Rockport cemetery. Mrs. Haines
is still living and now makes her home in Sioux
City, Iowa, at the age of fifty-five years. She
has marriel again, her second husband being
D. W. Rapalee.

Charles N. Haines acquired his education in
the district schools of Rockport and after putting
aside his text-books went to South Dakota, where
he was employed upon -a farm for four years.
He afterward followed various business pursuits
in that state until 1889, at which time he returned
to Rockport and accepted a position as salesman
in the store of Haines, Rupert & Company, where
he has since remained, being one of the most
trusted and capable representatives of the house.
He has been elected twice to the office of justice
of the peace in Atlas township, being first chosen
to fill out an unexpired term in April, 1903, as
the successor of W. T. Barton. He was then
re-elected on the republican ticket in April, 1905,
and was commissioned on the i8th of April,
running ahead of his ticket and defeating W. P.
McEwen. His admistration of the office has given
eminent satisfaction for he is unbiased in his judg-
ment and at all times impartial to those who bring
their litigated interests into his courts. As a
republican he has been active and energetic in
support of the party and is recognized as one of
the leading influential and representative young
men of Rockport and the western part of Pike
county.

MICHAEL FISHER.

Michael Fisher, well known as a resident of
Bee Creek and an enterprising citizen of his part
of the county, was born in Columbus, Ohio,
November 18, 1835, his parents being Jacob and
Mary (Briggs) Fisher. The former was also a
native of Columbus, Ohio, and his father, Michael
Fisher, Sr., was one of the pioneer residents of
that city, taking up his abode there when it

consisted of a few log cabins. The settlers were
in constant conflict with the Indians, who resented
the encroachments of the white men upon their
hunting grounds and were very hostile. It was
about this time that Captain Crawford was
burned at the stake by the Indians forty miles
northeast of Columbus. Michael Fisher emi-
grated from Virginia to Ohio, taking with him
his slaves, whom he set free in the Buckeye state
and all of whom took his name. He remained a
resident of Columbus up to the time of his death,
which occurred when he was about fifty-five
years of age. His wife's people also emigrated
from Virginia to Ohio. She bore the maiden name
of Miss Petty and her cousin, Fisher Petty, was
reared in the family of Michael Fisher.

The ancestry of the family can be traced back
to a still more remote period, Michael Fisher,
of this review being a direct descendant of
Captain Jacob Fisher, who was a Revolutionary
soldier and served until the close of the war. He
was then commissioned a captain to ferret out the
tories and many a one he caught and hung.
There was one old tory eighty-five years of age
who displayed such bravery that Captain Fisher
spared his life. He ordered him to be tied to a
rope attached to a horse and pulled through the
river. He was baptized in this way four times
in an attempt to compel him to acknowledge the
independence of the United Colonies of America,
but the old man refused to do so. When he was
brought out of the river the fourth time he was
almost drowned and could not speak. Captain
Fisher then said that his life should be spared,
but he felt like returning and hanging the man,
who as the party of loyal Americans left him gave
a faint hurrah for King George and cursed the
soldiers for trying to compel him to recognize
the independence of the colonies. This Captain
Fisher was the great-grandfather of our subject.

His maternal grandparents were George and
Alan- Briggs, natives of New York. George
Briggs was also a Revolutionary soldier and dur-
ing a battle a spent grapeshot came rolling toward
him. He stopped it with his foot, picked it up
and carried it home and it has since been pre-
served in the Fisher family, also a skillet which
is over one hundred years old and which was

670

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

once in possession of Mrs. Briggs. It is now
in the home of Michael Fisher, of Bee Creek.
Mary Briggs died near Columbus, Ohio, in 1850,
but no record of the death of George Briggs
exists.

Jacob Fisher, father of our subject, was born
and reared at Columbus, Ohio, his natal year be-
ing 1808. After attaining his majority he en-
gaged in farming three miles south of Columbus
on the Chillicothe turnpike. A cedar tree which
he planted on the old homestead of his father
when he was eight years of age is still living
and there is a pear tree upon the place which is
over one hundred years old. A thicket of sas-
safras was also set out for the purpose of getting
the root, from which to make tea. Persons
came for miles to get the sassafras and
also to get the herbs to make spice tea.
Throughout his entire life Jacob Fisher carried
on general agricultural pursuits, and he died
in Columbus in 1887, at the age of seventy-nine
years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of
Mary Briggs, was born southwest of Co-
lumbus, on Big Run creek. This worthy
couple became the parents of thirteen children,
of whom Michael Fisher of this review was the
fourth in order of birth. The mother died upon
the old homestead farm in 1874, at the age of
sixty-five years.

Michael Fisher pursued his education in the
public schools of Columbus, Ohio, and after put-
ting aside his text-books assisted his father in
farm work until twenty-one years of age. He
then began farming on his own account and was
thus engaged in Ohio until September 4, 1861,
when he went to St. Louis, Missouri, and by
boat proceeded to Louisiana, Missouri. From
that point he continued his journey to the home
of Fisher Petty and with him went to his uncle's
farm in Calhoun county, Illinois. He then worked
for his uncle for three months and he afterward
engaged in the operation of steam thresher for
a short time. Subsequently he was employed
by different farmers until the spring of 1864, when
he accepted a position as clerk in the store of John
W. Killenberger at Belleview, Illinois, and was also
in his branch store in Calhoun county, Illinois,
on the Illinois river, remaining there for six

months, during which time he was entrusted by
his employer with the entire management of the
business.

Mr. Fisher then married Miss Nancy Wheeler,
a daughter of William and Matilda (Battershell)
Wheeler, the wedding being celebrated on the 4th
of July, 1864. By this union have been born ten
children: Molly, born August 23, 1865; Lillie
D., born June 17, 1867; Logan A., March 25,
1869; Oscar, August 5, 1871 ; Ida E., November
29, 1873; Arthur A., July 29, 1876; Freeman,
March 9, 1879; William M., February 8, 1881 ;
Lee, January 3, 1885; and Oca, April 24, 1888.
Of these Logan A. died at Bee Creek, March 19,
1871, and Arthur A. on the 5th of August, 1880.
All were born in Bee Creek with the exception
of William M. Fisher, whose birth occurred in the
village of Pearl.

Mr. Fisher is widely and favorably known
throughout Pike county and has ever taken an
active and helpful part in interests pertaining
to the welfare of the community and state.
Throughout his business career he has followed
the occupation of farmingandhas found in the du-
ties of each day incentive for his best efforts and
for close and earnest application. Through this
means he has acquired a good property and a
capital that now enables him to live retired from
further active labor.1

WILLIAM HUTTON.

William Hutton, one of the enterprising farm-
. ers of Montezuma township, is residing on section
3, where he has a fine property of three hundred
acres well improved. He was born in Lancaster-
shire, England, February 6, 1833, and is a son
of John and Elizabeth Hutton, both of whom
were natives of Yorkshire, England. The father
carried on farming in that country throughout his
entire life, and died in Lancastershire in 1847.
Three years later, in 1850, his wife also passed
away and was laid to rest by the side of her hus-
band in Long Ridge cemetery in Lancastershire.
William Hutton spent his early youth in his
father's home and attended the public schools. Af-

WILLIAM HUTTON

^

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

673

ter his father's death he started out to earn his
own living and was employed in a tannery at
Long Ridge until 1852, after which he followed
the same business at Preston, Lancastershire, until
1855. Having heard favorable reports concern-
ing America and its business opportunities, he re-
solved to try his fortune in the new world, and ac-
companied by his brother, Thomas, embarked for
the United States on the 20 of April, 1855. After
landing on the eastern coast of the new world,
the brothers made their way to the interior of the
country, at length arriving at Montezuma town-
ship, Pike county, where they have since re-
mained, devoting their time and attention to farm-
ing. Mr. Hutton of this review has led a busy
and useful life and his efforts have been crowned
with success. From time to time he has made
judicious investment in property and is now the
owner of three hundred acres of very valuable
land, which is rich and productive. In fact, his
is one of the best improved farms in Pike county,
and in the midst stands a fine residence, together
with large and substantial barns and other out-
buildings for the shelter of grain and stock. He
uses the latest improved machinery in the care of
the fields and all modern accessories are found
upon his place.

On the 23d of January, 1872, Mr. Hutton was
united in marriage to Miss Sarah E. Clemmons,
a daughter of Peter and Mary J. Clemmons. Her
maternal grandfather was Henry Grimes, a native
of Ireland. He came from County Down, near
Belfast, to America when but four years of age.
His first home was in South Carolina and he af-
terward removed to Kentucky, whence he finally
came to Illinois, settling in White county. He died
at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Clemmons,
and was buried in Green Pond cemetery, in Pike
county. J. P. Clemmons, father of Mrs. Hutton,
was born in Rowan county, North Carolina, and in
1823, when nine years of age, he accompanied his
parents on their removal from that state to Illi-
nois. Their destination was Pike county, but they
did not take up their abode here until about 1825,
at which time they settled in Detroit township,
where Mr. Clemmons was reared and educated. He
afterward took up his abode in Montezuma town-
ship, where he carried on general agricultural

pursuits up to the time of his death. He passed
away on his farm, October 5, 1882, and was
buried in the Clemmons cemetery. His wife, who
bore the maiden name of Mary J. Grimes, was
born in White county, Illinois, and gave her hand
in marriage to Mr. Clemmons at Milton, this state,
on the I3th of July, 1842. Her last days were
spent in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Hutton, where
she passed away on Christmas day of 1895, her
remains being interred in the Clemmons cemetery.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hutton have been born a
son and two daughters. John P. died June 28,
1893, and was buried in the Douglas cemetery
near Milton, Illinois. His death occurred in
Vicksburg, Mississippi, while he was learning the
business of an engineer' oa.the river boats. His
father then Went to -Vicksburg and brought his
remains back to Pike county, for interment. Mary
E. Hutton, the elder daughter, is n*ow the wife of
Fred Parks, of Pike county, and they have one
living child, Thomas Virgil. They also lost a
daughter, Opal, who died February i, 1899, an^
was buried in the Douglas cemetery. Ellen Hut-
ton is the wife of Joseph Denison, and they have
three children : John W., Bennie H. and Lyndell
J. Denison, all of whom are living. Both Mr.
and Mrs. Hutton hold membership in the Chris-
tian church, and are people of genuine personal
worth, enjoying in a large degree the friendship
and kindly regard of those with whom they have
been brought in contact. Mr. Hutton has never
had occasion to regret his determination to es-
tablish his home in the new world, for here he has
prospered, finding good business opportunities,
which he has improved until he is now one of the
successful agriculturists of his community.

MARY L. HORTON.

Mary L. Horton is one of the most successful
business women of Pike county and deserves
more than passing mention in this history. She
was born upon the old Horton homestead, De-
cember 3. 1860, and is a daughter of Hobart S.
and Octavia L. (Udell) Horton. The father was
a native of South Glastonbury, Connecticut, and
removed to Atlas township, Pike county, in 1832,

674

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

with his parents, Captain Horace and Clarissa
(Stevens) Horton. Captain Horton was one of
nine children born unto Sampson and Lucy
(Phelps) Horton, of whom seven were sons and
two daughters. All of the sons followed the sea.
Stephen Horton, father of Sampson Horton, was
a native of England and became the founder of a
family in America, emigrating to the United
States before the Revolutionary war. He took
up his abode in South Glastonbury, Connecticut,
and thus established the family in New England.
There he spent his remaining days and at his
death his grave was made in a cemetery in South
Glastonbury. On emigrating westward Captain
Horace Horton settled on section i, Atlas town-
ship, and engaged in the cultivation of a part of
that land up to the time of his death. Both he
and his wife were natives of Glastonbury, Con-
necticut, where they were reared and married
and in early life Captain Horton commanded a
merchant vessel, plying between New York city
and the West Indies. He was so engaged for
many years and was very successful in that line
of labor. He served his country as a soldier in
the war of 1812 and patriotism was always one
of his strong characteristics. Unto Captain Hor-
ton and his wife were born three children, name-
ly: Henry, Horace Herland' and Hobart. Henry
was a cripple and never married. He died on the
old Horton homestead in Atlas township in 1881
and was buried in the Episcopal cemetery in
Pittsfield, Illinois. Horace Herland emigrated
from Pike county to Iowa and thence to Califor-
nia, spending his last days in Plymouth, that
state. He married Sophia Treat and both were
buried at Plymouth. They had six children, two
sons and four daughters. Mrs. Clarissa Horton,
wife of Captain Horace Horton and the mother
of the above mentioned sons, died in 1841, and
the Captain afterward married Emeline Brooks,
by whom he had two children. Homer and Grace
Horton, both of whom died in infancy and were
laid to rest in the Barry cemetery. Captain Hor-
ton died in the fall of 1883 in the ninetieth year of
his age and his remains were interred in the
family lot in the Barry cemetery.

Hobart Horton, a son, was a young lad when
he came with his parents to Pike county, Illinois,

and was here reared to the occupation of farm-
ing, which he followed upon the old homestead
until about 1880, at which time he removed to
Louisiana and engaged in general agricultural
pursuits near New Orleans, turning over the
home farm in Pike county to his wife, who later
joined him in Louisiana and who in turn sold
the farm to her daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Hobart
Horton continued to reside in Louisiana until
1896, when they returned to the old farm home-
stead in Pike county and lived with their daugh-
ter Mary. The father's death occurred on the
i8th of December, 1902, his remains being in-
terred in the Samuel Taylor cemetery near Rock-
port. His widow still survives and makes her
home with her daughter Mary in the seventieth
year of her age. Hobart Horton was twice mar-
ried, his first union being with Mary Ann Sar-
gent, by whom he had one child, Hiram S. Hor-
ton, who is now living in Dixon, Illinois. By his
second marriage to Octavia L. Udell there were
born eight children, Horace S., Howard, Jo-
sephine, Mary L., William, Frederick, Frank and
Benjamin. Of these the living are Josephine,
the wife of James C. Gay and a resident of Hor-
ton, Illinois, Mary L., William and Benjamin.
Howard, Frederick and Frank Horton, who have
passed away, were buried in the Samuel Taylor
cemetery near Rockport, while Horace Horton,
deceased, was laid to rest at Sacramento, Cali-
fornia. The Horton homestead, comprising two
hundred and seventy acres of finely improved
farming land, is known by the name of Split
Rock, and is a beautiful place.

Mary L. Horton, now owner of this farm,
was educated in the local schools of Atlas town-
ship and Monticello Seminary at Godfrey,
Illinois, after which she pursued a one
year's course in the State Normal Univer-
sity at Normal, Illinois. Previous to that
time she had engaged in teaching school. Fol-
lowing her course in the Monticello Seminary she
taught for thirteen years, one year in Atlas, one
year in Crozier. one year in the state of Louisi-
ana and the remainder of the time at Rockport,
Illinois. As before stated, she purchased the
home property from her mother and, giving up
the work of the school room, she now devotes her

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

675

undivided attention to the supervision of her
farming interests. This is a very valuable as well
as attractive property and Miss Horton is en-
gaged in general farming and stock-raising, mak-
ing a specialty of sheep. She has erected a fine
home and large, substantial barn upon her place.
Her efforts have been crowned with success and
she is now enjoying the fruits of well earned
industry.

DE WITT W. GREENE, M. D.

Dr. De Witt W. Greene, deceased, was at va-
rious times connected with professional, mercantile
and manufacturing interests in Barry and his life
was of signal usefulness to his fellow townsmen
in that he contributed to the general development
and progress of his community. He was born
January 18, 1826, and passed away on the 7th
of April, 1899, being laid to rest two days later
with Masonic honors. His parents were James and
Mary (Madison) Greene, who came to Pike
county in 1837, settling in Hadley township,
where the father engaged in general agricultural
pursuits up to the time of his death, which occurred
September 12, 1875. He was born on the loth
of July, 1790, and was therefore eighty-five years
of age at the time of his demise. He had long
survived his first wife, who was born September
29, 1793, and passed away August 26, 1840.
They were the parents of five children but only
two are now living: DuWane.twin brother of De-
witt, now a resident of Missouri; and Palmedis,
who is living in Berlin, New York. The father
was again married in Pike county, January- 30,
1851, his second wife being Mrs. Mary Gordon,
the mother of Mrs. Dewitt W. Greene.

Dr. Greene of this review was born in Rens-
selaer county, New York, and after completing
his early English education took up the study
of medicine under the direction of Dr. Baker, of
Barry, having been brought by his parents to
this county in his early boyhood days. In the
winter months he engaged in teaching school and
through the summer seasons prosecuted his
studies. When he had saved from his earnings
a sum sufficient to enable him to enter college

he matriculated in the McDowell Medical School
at St. Louis, Missouri. Later he located for prac-
tice in Barry, where he followed the profession for
three years, after which he entered upon mercan-
tile pursuits; and was also engaged in the erec-
tion of the Barry Woolen Mills, with which
he was connected for three years as secre-
tary and superintendent. His various busi-
ness interests were capably conducted; and
he found that his untiring diligence, keen
business discerment and enterprise were valuable
factors in a successful career.

On the 8th of September, 1850, Dr. Greene
united in marriage to Miss Caroline Gordon, a
native of Indiana, born June 28, 1830, in Wayne
county, and a daughter of John and Mary
Gordon, who were married in Richmond, Indiana.
Her father was a native of Pennsylvania, and her
mother of Tennessee. In their family were eight
children, of whom Mrs. Greene was the youngest
and is the only one now living. Her parents, on
coming to Illinois in 1835, settled first in Scott
county, but in the spring of 1836 removed to
Pike county, locating in Derry township, where
Mr. Gordon followed farming until his death.
His religious faith was indicated by his member-
ship in the Christian church, in which he served
as an elder and superintendent of the Sunday-
school for many years. His wife was an active
worker in the same church.

Dr. Greene filled the office of township treas-
urer for a number of years and was police magis-
trate. In public affairs he was deeply and help-
fully interested and his co-operation proved a
valued factor in promoting the welfare and in-
terests of his town and county. He was made a
member of Barry lodge, No. 34, A. F. & A. M.,
March 30, 1855, and acted as its master from 1880
until 1885. He was also the first worthy patron
of Pike chapter, No. 20, O. E. S., filling that
office for ten years, while his wife served as asso-
ciate and in other offices. Dr. Greene was like-
wise a charter member of the grand council of
Royal and Select Masons organized October 4,
1866, and was a charter member of Barry chapter.
No. 88, R. A. M., which was organized October
6, 1865. In all life's relations Dr. Greene won the
esteem and confidence of those with whom he

676

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was associated and he was richly endowed in those
sterling traits of character which win strong
friendships. He regarded his self-respect and
the esteem of his fellowmen as of infinitely more
value than wealth, fame or position and yet at
all times he was held in kindly regard, so that
his death was the occasion of deep and wide-
spread regret when he was called to his final rest.
Mrs. Greene still survives her husband and is
now living in a beautiful home on Diamond Hill
in Barrv.

SOLOMON YOKEM.

Solomon Yokem, one of Pike county's most
prominent farmers and stock- raisers, living on
section 35, Atlas township, was born on the old
William Yokem homestead, October 4, 1842, his
parents being William and Catharine ,{ Ferguson)
Yokem, both of whom were natives of^Kentucky.
The father became one of the pioneer residents of
Pike county. He left Kentucky in 1816 and was
taken to Missouri by his parents, Solomon and
Elizabeth (Butler) Yokem. Solomon Yokem
was born in Virginia and his wife's birth oc-
curred in Kentucky. He was born in Virginia
and his wife's birth occurred in Kentucky. He
was a blacksmith by trade and after following
that pursuit for some years became identified
with agricultural interests. The maternal grand-
parents of our subject were Henry, and Polly
(Briscoe) Ferguson, both of whom were natives
of Kentucky, the former born November 21,
1794, and the latter on the 4th of December, 1794.
They came to Pike county, Illinois, in pioneer
times, the father following the occupation of
farming until called to his final rest. His wife
died in February, 1854, and his 'death occurred
in April, 1854, their remains being interred side
by side in Wells graveyard above Pleasant Hill.

William Yokem, father of our subject, was
born in Kentucky, September 26, 1816, and was
therefore an infant when taken by his parents to
Pike county, Missouri, coming to Pike county,
Illinois, in 1832. He was -'reared to the occupa-
tion of farming and throughout his entire life
carried on general agricultural pursuits. He

wedded Miss Catharine Ferguson, who was born
October 23, 1818. Her death occurred October
I, 1878, her remains being interred in Wells
graveyard, and there about eighteen years later
the grave of Mr. Yokem was also made, his
death occurring on the igth of October, 1895.

Solomon Yokem, whose name introduces this
review, was educated in the country schools -of his
native township and afterward continued his
studies in Jacksonville, Illinois. He was reared
upon the old homestead farm and in the summer
months assisted his father in its development and
improvement. After reaching the age of twenty-
five years he took charge of all matters pertain-
ing to the farm and his father practically retired
from business at that time. In the control of his
business interests Mr. Yokem has prospered in
large measure and from time to time has made
judicious investment in real-estate until he is now
the owner of about fourteen hundred acres of
good farm land, of which six hundred acres is in
pasturage. The old home place comprises one
hundred and fifty-five acres, and is a. well im-
proved tract, being equipped with all modern con-
veniences and facilities for the. capable and sue-
cessful management of fanning interests. Mr.
Yokem is widely known as an extensive stock-
raiser, raising horses, cattle, mules, sheep and
hogs, all of good grades.

On the 5th of March, 1902, was celebrated the
marriage of Solomon Yokem and Mrs. Margaret
(Terry) Neubauer, a daughter of James and Al-
zina Catherine (Liggett) Terry. The father was
born in Virginia and was a son of a planter of
that state. In early life James Terry came to
Pike county, settling among the pioneer residents
of Barry township. He was a millwright by
trade and followed that pursuit for a long period,
but for twenty years has lived retired. He and
his wife both reside in Barry and have attained
a ripe old age. The latter is a daughter of Alex-
ander Liggett, one of the old settlers of Pike
county. In early days here he was a farmer and
in later years carried on a drug business at Kin-
derhook, Illinois, continuing in that line up to the
time of his death. His wife was Margaret (Phil-
lips) Liggett, whose father was a pioneer of Pike
county and Phillips Landing on the Illinois river

.PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

.677

was named for him. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Yokem
have been born a son and daughter: William
Clay, born August 30, 1903 ; and Catherine, April
24, 1905. They have a nice home and are sur-
rounded by every comfort that goes to make life
worth the living and adds to human happiness.
Mr. Yokem has prospered in his business under-
takings by reason of well directed effort, keen
discernment and unfaltering integrity and is to-
day classed with the large landowners of the
countv.

JOHN REED.

John Reed, owner of one hundred and eight
acres of fine land on section 7, Pittsfield town-
ship, is classed with the leading and enterprising
agriculturists of his community and has made a
creditable name in business circles. He is one of
the native sons of the county, his birth having
occurred in Griggsville township in October,
1864, his parents being Nicholas and Catherine
(Raftery) Reed. The father was born in Ire-
land" and came to America in 1853, settling first
on the Illinois river. He afterward removed to
Eldara, Illinois, where he resided for a few years
and then took up his abode in Griggsville. Later
he purchased one hundred and eight acres of land
on section 7. Pittsfield township, where his son
John now resides, and upon that farm he spent
his remaining days. He was energetic and indus-
trious, realizing that labor is the basis of all suc-
cess, and as the years passed by he accumulated a
comfortable competence as the result of his earn-
est endeavor. He was called to his final rest in
1899 and is still survived by his wife, who is now
residing in Pittsfield. In their family were ten
children, eight of whom are yet living.

John Reed is indebted to the public-school sys-
tccm of the county for the early educational privi-
leges he enjoyed. He worked by the month as a
farm hand for some time in his youth, having
gained practical experience concerning the best
methods of tilling the fields through the assist-
ance which he rendered his father. After being
employed for some time in this county he went
to the south, where he remained for several years

and in 1899 he came into possession of the farm
which was formerly owned and occupied by his
father. This is a valuable tract of land compris-
ing one hundred and eight acres on section 7,
Pittsfield township. Here he has .a good resi-
dence in the rear of which are substantial barns
and other necessary outbuildings and these in
turn are surrounded by well tilled fields which
give promise of golden harvests. He raises stock,
making a specialty of cattle, and this branch of
his business as well as the cultivation of his fields
returns to him a good income. Recently a gas
well has been sunk upon his place to the depth of
ninety-three feet and there is good pressure.

In February, 1890, Mr. Reed was married to
Miss Amanda Irick, a daughter of Jacob Irick,
who at one time was a wealthy citizen of Pike
county and one of its early settlers. He became
the owner of twelve hundred acres of fine land
here and was regarded as a leading business man
and progressive agriculturist. In . his family
were nine children. He is now deceased, but his
wife is still living, maintaining her home in Derry
township, Pike county. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Reed
have been born the following children : Frank,
Katie, Nellie, Nora, Charles Carson, Bessie, John
and Joseph.

In his political views Mr. Reed is a democrat
and keeps well informed on the questions and
issues of the day. He has served as school di-
rector but otherwise has held no office, but is
never remiss in his duties of citizenship and co-
operates in many measures for the general good.
He and his wife are members of the Catholic
church and they have a wide acquaintance in Pike
county, many who know them giving to them
warm friendship and high personal regard.

WILLIS BROWN.

Willis Brown, who since 1877 has resided in
Pike county, was born in Hardin county, Ken-
tucky, on the 2d of September, 1827. He was
brought by his parents to this state, the family
home being established in Atlas township on a

678

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

farm now owned by Charles Dustin, but which
is better known as the old Brown homestead. He
is a son of Isaac and Susan (Snodgrass) Brown.
The father was born in Virginia and was a
planter there. He removed from the Old Domin-
ion to Hardin county, Kentucky, where he again
conducted a plantation and in the latter state he
was married. He lived in Kentucky until there
were eight children in the family and he and his
wife, with their children, then came to Pike
county, Illinois, settling in Atlas township upon
what is now the Dustin farm. There he carried
on general agricultural pursuits, being identified
with the tilling of the soil up to the time of his
death, which 'occurred on the old homestead in
1848, while his wife passed away two years later.
Their graves were made on the old home farm.
In their family were thirteen children, namely :
Maria, Mahala, Squire, Owen, Hardin, John,
Willis, James, Isaac, Susan, Jane, Benjamin and
Norman W. All are now deceased with the ex-
ception of four. Isaac died in infancy and was
buried by the side of his parents, where also lie
the remains of Hardin and John, while Susan,
Mahala and Benjamin were buried in California,
and Owen near Mammoth Cave in Kentucky.

Willis Brown received but limited educational
privileges as the schools of Atlas township were
not in very good condition at that day. He was
reared on the old homestead and early became
familiar with the labors of field and meadow.
After his father's death he took entire manage-
ment of the farm, for his brothers had learned
trades and had left the old homestead. He then
conducted the property for about six years, subse-
quent to his mother's death, when it was sold to
Charles Dustin and the proceeds of the sale were
divided among the heirs. Willis Brown then
purchased a farm of one hundred and sixty acres,
which was covered with forest trees. It was situ-
ated on section 25, Atlas township, and here he
took up his abode and began to clear and culti-
vate the property. He has since made extensive
improvements and now has an excellent farm,
the fields being rich and productive, so that he
annually harvests good crops.

In 1874 Mr. Brown was united in marriage to
Miss Elizabeth Worley, a daughter of Elias and

Elizabeth Worley, and they have become the
parents of eight children, 'Byron, Meyer, Malinda,
Guy, Nettie, Sadie, Charley and Bessie. Of these
Charley, Sadie, Bessie and Guy are all now sleep-
ing in the Ball Bluff cemetery near Atlas. In
1861 Mr. Brown went to California, where he en-
gaged in farm work for two years, returning to
Pike county in 1863.

In his political affiliation Mr. Brown is a stal-
wart republican and has always supported the
party. He and his wife still reside upon, the home
farm in the midst of children and grandchildren.
Mr. Brown is a self-made man, owing his success
entirely to his own labors and during the years he
has wrought earnestly to acquire a competence
and provide a good living for his family.

WILLIAM J. AND GEORGE P. LONG.

There is an old historic home in the town of
Atlas, Pike county, that is now owned and occu-
pied by two brothers, William J. and George P.
Long. It is the oldest house of the county, the
date of its erection being 1822. It stands on the
lot adjoining that which was the site of the old
Pike county courthouse and jail and the property
where those public buildings then stood is now
owned by the gentlemen whose names introduce
this review. The Long home is one of the typi-
cal pioneer dwellings owned by people of consid-
erable means. It is peculiarly constructed, the
foundation being of rock, while the superstruc-
ture stands upon solid white oak logs, twenty
inches in thickness. The floor joists are large
timbers nearly one foot thick. Everything is in
a wonderful state of preservation, the timbers
being perfectly solid and showing no appearance
of decay. The large, old-fashioned fireplace, in
which a log three feet long can be burned, is still
in use and adds to the cheeriness of the living
room, for no more attractive feature can be found
in any home than the open fire. The walls of the
house are built of solid white oak logs and are
plastered over. The entire finishing on the in-
side is of black walnut. In seeing this house one
is impressed and surprised by its state of preser-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

679

vation. Improvements have been made until to-
day this is a home of which any one might be
proud and moreover it is attractive as an old
landmark of the county, having for more than
eight decades been a mute witness of changes
which have been wrought here.

The Long family trace their ancestry back to
Henry Long, of County Derry, Ireland, the
grandfather of William J. and George P. Long.
About 1800 he emigrated to America, going to
Baltimore, Maryland, where, on the 24th of Au-
gust, 1809, he was married to a lady of that
state. They became the parents of one child,
Henry G., who died September 22, 1850, in the
old home in Atlas township, his remains being in-
terred in the Long cemetery near Atlas. The wife
and mother died August n, 1812, in the city of
Baltimore, where her remains were interred and
on the 5th of August, 1822, Mr. Long wedded
Emmeline Green. To them were born eight chil-
dren, five sons and three daughters, as follows:
Jesse Green Long was born May 14, 1823. Mary
E., born October 2,_ 1824, was married May i,
1849, to David Skilling and at her death was laid
to rest in Oakland, California. Kennedy, born
March 4, 1826, died at the old Long home in
Atlas, February 3, 1885, and was buried in the
Adams and Dustin cemetery. Andrew, born
January 31, 1828, died at Exeter, Illinois, and
was buried there. George H., born December
24, 1829, died July 29, 1901, and was buried in
the West cemetery at Pittsfield. Julianna, born
January 31, 1832, was married April 5, 1849,
to John G. Wheelock and at her death was bur-
ied at Payson, Adams county, Illinois. Emma,
born May 24, 1834, became the wife of A. J.
Roosa. January 24, 1855, and died the following
year, her grave being made at Astoria, Illinois.
She left one child, Velpo Roosa. Robert T.. born
December 3, 1837, died March 24, 1842, and was
buried in the Jesse Long graveyard.

Kennedy Long, the father of William J. and
George P. Long, was a native of Maryland, born
in Baltimore, March 14, 1826. He married
Phoebe J. Roosa, who was also a native of Mary-
land, born June 27, 1832. Their wedding was
celebrated October 13, 1852. Kennedy Long had
been reared to the occupation of farming and

throughout his entire life he carried on agricul-
tural pursuits. Becoming a resident of this
county in pioneer days he remained at the old
Long homestead and died in the residence which
is now occupied by his sons in Atlas, February 3,
1885. His parents had come to Pike county at a
very early day and had settled on a farm in Atlas
township, four miles from what is now known as
the old family homestead. In an active and ener-
getic business career Kennedy Long was recog-
nized as a progressive and prosperous farmer and
at the time of his death had accumulated an es-
tate of two hundred and twenty-five acres, of
which one hundred and forty-five acres was very
rich and productive bottom land, while eighty
acres was pasture land. In all of his business
dealings he was strictly fair and upright, never
taking advantage of the necessities of his fellow-
men in any trade transaction, and he enjoyed to
the fullest degree the confidence and trust of those
with whom he was associated. In politics he was
an earnest republican but never aspired to office.
There was no man whose death was more de-
plored than that of Kennedy Long, for he readily
made friends and seldom gave rise to a feeling
of enmity and had a host of warm admirers who
entertained for him the strongest regard and ven-
eration. He passed away February 3, 1885, in
the Long residence in Atlas and was laid to rest
in the Adams and Dustin cemetery. His wife
followed him to the home beyond March 6, 1896,
her remains being interred by his side. She was
a devout and faithful member of the Congrega-
tional church and like her husband departed this
life leaving many sorrowing relatives and friends.
In their family were five children, all sons :
Henry A., born January 21, i854;,William J. and
George P., of this review ; Leon E., born No-
vember 14, 1868; and Phil R., born February 13,
1874. The last named died October i, 1875, and
Leon E. departed this life January 25, 1876, both
being buried in the Adams and Dustin cemetery.
William J. Long, the second son of the family,
was born in Atlas township. Pike county, July 26,
1855, and acquired his education in the district
schools. He was reared upon the old home farm
and assisted his father in the work of field and
meadow until the time of the father's death,

68o

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

when he in connection with his brothers, Henry
A. and George P., took charge of and managed
the home place. Later William J. and George P.
Long purchased their brother's interest and have
since largely operated the farm, continuing the
partnership to the present time. George P. Long
was born in the old historic home in Atlas, Octo-
ber 5, 1865. A part of his education
was obtained in Atlas and later he at-
tended McCuen College in Louisiana, Mis-
souri, for one term. The brothers are whole-
souled young men, of good business capacity and
enterprise and in the management of their farm-
ing interests are meeting with creditable and
well-merited success. They are republicans in
politics but are without aspiration for political
honors or emoluments. The writer can vouch
for the hospitality of their pleasant and attractive
home, a warm reception being given to stranger
and friend alike. They are widely and favorably
known throughout Pike county and are prosper-
ous agriculturists, who well deserve mention in
this history not only by reason of the fact that
they are representatives of one of the oldest fam-
ilies but also because of their genuine, personal
worth.

JOHN HULL.

Carlisle has said there is no more interesting
nor profitable reading than biography, and the
truth of this is manifest in the life record of such
men as John Hull, men who without special ad-
vantages in youth depend upon their own re-
sources, mark out their own course in life and per-
sistently follow the plans that they have formed
until they lead to success. They realize that pros-
perity is not the outcome of genius, but results
from diligence and clear judgment, from strong
purpose and unfaltering industry. These quali-
ties have been salient characteristics in the life
of John Hull from his early youth to the present
time and now in the evening of his days he is
the possessor of large property interests which he
has gained entirely through his own labors and
moreover his business methods have alwavs been

in keeping with principles of unfaltering integ-
rity and business honor.

Mr. Hull is a native of Canandaigua, New
York, was born on the loth of November, 1817,
and is a son of Lot and Chloe (Ross) Hull. His
mother was a sister of Colonel Ross, founder of
the town of Atlas, Illinois. She was born in Mas-
sachusetts, where her mother resided during the
period o the Revolutionary war. Lot Hull re-
mained a resident of the east until the spring of
1818, when he started for Ohio. He built a boat
at the head of the Allegheny river and floated
down that stream for some distance. When they
were among the Indians they ran the boat on a
snag and thus lost nearly everything they had,
saving only a few of their possessions, which they
afterward sold to the red men for two canoes.
They had enough clothing to last them for two
years and provisions enough for one year, but
when the boat was sunk all was lost. After se-
curing the canoes they lashed these together and
floated down the river to a settlement. There
Mr. Hull secured lumber and built a cabin on the
canoes, after which he proceeded with his fam-
ily in that manner to Marietta, Ohio. He there
sold his boats, which netted him seven dollars and
a half. He had a family of six children for whom
to provide and, as indicated, was almost penniless
when he located in Washington county, Ohio.
By trade he was a carpenter, but he had lost his
tools when his boat was sunk in the Allegheny
river. The people of that locality, however, gave
him work to do and he was enabled to buy tools
on credit, but the confidence reposed in him was
not misplaced. He was a man of his word, meet-
ing every promise and obligation and no one ever
lost anything by placing trust in him or his word.
After working for some time he was enabled to
make investment in land and purchased two hun-
dred and fifty acres, building a barn in order to
pay for this property. His children, too, assist-
ed by working in different ways in the neigh-
borhood. Most of the setttlers in that pioneer
community were in limited financial circumstances
and money was somewhat difficult to obtain. Mr.
Hull would walk nine miles in order to get
work, would spend the week at carpenter labor

MR. AND MRS. JOHN HULL

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

and on Saturday night would return home on
foot to his family carrying pork and other sup-
plies. His little cabin was built of round logs
and the structure was only fourteen by sixteen
feet, one end of the room being occupied by a
large fireplace. As wild game was plentiful it
was not difficult for a good shot to furnish meat
for the family table. There were many hard-
ships, privations and trials to be endured, how-
ever, and the Hull family bore their full share
of these during the early years of their residence
in Ohio. It is almost impossible for the traveler
of to-day as he speeds across the country in a pal-
ace car to realize the conditions that then exist-
ed. The men of the community were obliged to
"muster" one day each week. Postage on a let-
ter was twenty-five cents and was collected at its
destination. On more than one occasion John
Hull, of this review, then a young lad, has been
put upon a horse with a quarter of mutton (his
father having killed a sheep for the purpose) and
sent to Marietta, twelve miles away, in order to
exchange the meat for money that he might pay
postage on a letter that -perhaps had laid for some
time in the postoffice as the necessary money was
not forthcoming. The years, however, brought
many changes as the comforts and conveniences
of an older civilization were introduced. It was
no unusual thing for John Hull to start at mid-
night with a load of produce for market that he
might reach there by break of day. When feed
for stock was scarce young trees were cut down
that the cattle might eat the leaves and small
branches. The father cleared a part of his land
and raised some corn.

As indicated, it was necessary that the chil-
dren of the household should early provide for
their own support and John Hull had little op-
portunity for securing an education, but at in-
tervals was allowed to attend school, to which
he had to walk three miles through the woods,
structure supplied with split logs for seats and
heated by a large fireplace. The other furnish-
ings were also primitive and the methods of in-
struction were almost equally so, but he gained
some knowledge of reading, writing and arith-
metic. When but twelve years of age John Hull
worked upon a farm and a part of his duty was
34

the milking of eight cows. His employer allowed
him to plant a piece of ground to potatoes for
his own use, and he traded his crop for a colt.
Later he was enabled to purchase another colt
and when he determined to come to the west he
gave this team of colts to his father in order to
get his consent and pay for his time, for he had
not yet attained his majority. The year 1836 wit-
nessed his arrival in Illinois. He had made his
way by boat to a point on the river, and on ac-
count of lack of money he walked thence for sev-
eral miles to Atlas, where he arrived in Novem-
ber, 1836, when a young man of nineteen years.
On the journey he had been accompanied by his
half-brother, William R. Wills. His cash capi-
tal at that time consisted of but seventy-five cents.
After working for a brief .p,enbd for a brother he
went to Florence, ' wfae're • he, secured a clerkship
in a store and in the spring of iS^S'Tie returned
to Atlas, where he raised a crop of corn. Through
the succeeding seven years he was employed by
the month as a practical engineer in Florence. He
spent one year on a dredgeboat and considerable
time in a sawmill and there he worked his way up-
ward. As he advanced in proficiency he was at
length given charge of the engine and became
an excellent engineer and machinist. He readily
mastered anything that he undertook because of
his strong determination and close application,
and this has been one of the most effective features
in his business career. Another element in his
success has been the fact that in early life he re-
solved to save one-half of his earnings, and to this
course he always adhered.

Mr. Hull began farming in 1840. In the early
days farm products brought very meagre prices.
In 1841 and 1842 wheat when hauled to the river
and sold for twenty-five cents per bushel and
dressed pork brought only a dollar and a half per
hundred pounds. Mr. Hull has sold for twenty cents
per bushel corn which he raised by hand, shelled
by hand, and then hauled eleven miles to the mar-
ket, receiving his pay in store notes. In this way
he got a little extra money. At one time he bought
corn delivered at the crib for six cents per bushel
when no one else could buy it. He did not think
anything of walking thirty miles to trade or to
see his relations and on more than one occasion

684

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

walked from Florence to Atlas. He never gave
mortgage on anything in his life on any kind of
business, but made it a rule to meet every financial
obligation promptly. With keen foresight, real-
izing the profit that might accrue from invest-
ment in real estate, he purchased eighty acres of
land from Colonel Ross in the vicinity of Pitts-
field, on which he made a payment down of one
hundred dollars, the purchase price being three
hundred and fifty dollars. He still owns this
tract, which has been the nucleus of his present
extensive possessions, for as the years have gone
by he has bought more land from time to time
until he is now the owner of thirteen hundred
acres in Pike county, most of which is very val-
uable and productive. Through the long years
of an active business career he carried on the
work of the fields and also kept considerable stock,
being always ready to buy or sell. He has dis-
played excellent judgment in making his pur-
chases and in disposing of his stock and has been
rarely, if ever, at fault in his judgment concern-
ing the value of any animal. As his financial
resources increased he broadened his labors, ex-
tending his efforts into other departments of ac-
tivity, and from 1858 until 1861 was a partner
in a mercantile enterprise in Pittsfield conducted
under the firm style of Chapman, Kellogg & Hull.
However, he found his operations in land and
his farming interests to be more congenial and
disposed of his interest in the store, after which
he gave undivided attention to agricultural pur-
suits until his retirement from farm life. He im-
proved his farm, built fences, erected good build-
ings and added all modern equipments until his
farm property was equal if not superior to any in
the county. He raised hogs on an extensive scale,
and being a great lover of horses, always kept a
number of fine specimens. of the noble steed. He
continued in his farm work until 1870, when he
retired from active business. From 1852 he had
been associated with his brother, and after the
partnership was formed the latter superintended
the farm work, while Mr. Hull, of this review,
superintended the business interests of the firm.

On the 28th of March, 1843, occurred the mar-
riage of Mr. Hull and Miss Elizabeth Roberts,
of Illinois. They had ten children, of whom four

are living, Mrs. Anna Mathews, the wife of Ross
Mathews, of Pittsfield, who is cashier of the Farm-
ers' State Bank; John, living near the county
seat ; Mrs. Sarah Jane White, of New Iberia, Lou-
isiana, and Mrs. Lucy Green, of Hannibal, Mis-
souri. In 1870 Mr. Hull removed from his farm
to Pittsfield, taking up his abode in the magnifi-
cent residence now occupied by Mr. and Mrs.
Mathews. There he lived until the death of his
wife in October, 1887, since which time he has
boarded, largely spending his winters in the
south. For more than a half century Mr. Hull
has been a member of Pittsfield lodge, No. 190,
A. F. & A. M., and is still one of its most
honored and valued representatives. In the even-
ing of his days he is able to command all of the
comforts and luxuries which go to make life worth
the living, for steadily he has risen from a very
humble position to rank with the wealthy men of
Pike county. His record furnishes an example
that is indeed worthy of emulation, showing what
may be accomplished by firm and unfaltering pur-
pose and by untiring effort. He had no assist-
ance, but he utilized the gifts of nature and
through the development of his latent powers and
energies won prosperity. When he started out
in life he determined to ask the advice of no man
and as he has steadily followed that policy his
success has resulted from his own judgment in
business affairs. Moreover, his business methods
The little "temple of learning" was a small log
commended him to the confidence of all with whom
he had relations, and he is no less honored for
the splendid qualities of his manhood than for
the success that he has achieved. He takes a just
pride in being able to say that he has not an en-
emy in the world and does not bear enmity to
anyone.

GEORGE W. STANDLEY.

George W. Standley, proprietor of a meat mar-
ket at Rockport, was born in Pleasant Vale
township, Pike county, September 10, 1850, in
the little red house that then stood east
of the Perry Davis store in New Canton. His
parents were Charles and Juliette (Bowen)

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

685

Standley. The father was a native of Baltimore,
Maryland, born on the nth of February, 1823,
and throughout the greater part of his life fol-
lowed the occupation of farming. His parents
were James and Mary J. (Ranney) Standley,
who joined a party of five hundred colonists who
came westward to Illinois in 1823. They settled
in Atlas township, Pike county, near the old
William Dustin farm, upon which Charles Stand-
ley was reared. He received practical training
in the work of the fields under his father's direc-
tion and afterward engaged in farm work for
Captain Ross and William Dustin when about
fifteen years of age. He was in the employ of
those gentlemen for several years, after which
he removed with his parents to Pleasant Vale
township, Pike county, in the year 1833 — the
year of the great meteoric shower. At. that time
James Standley purchased a farm in Pleasant
Yale township and Charles Standley remained
upon the old homestead there with his father until
his twenty-fifth year. They then sold the Hill
farm and purchased one hundred and sixty acres
of farm property elsewhere in the same town-
ship now known as the John Brammel farm,
which he purchased in March, 1849. ^n ^5l
James Standley died of cholera and was buried
in the Morey graveyard in Pleasant Vale town-
ship. He had been married three times, his sec-
ond wife, Mrs. Mary J. Standley, being the
grandmother of George Standley of this review.
She died prior to her husband's death, passing
away in Ohio, where her remains were interred.
The maternal grandfather of George W. Stand-
ley was Daniel Bowen, who was born in Ver-
mont, June 25, 1800, and died in New Canton,
Illinois, June 29, 1880. His wife, who bore the
maiden name of Sarah Strate, was born in Penn-
sylvania and gave her hand in marriage to Daniel
I'mwen in the Keystone state near Detroit. Dan-
iel Bowen was a minister of the gospel and for
many years engaged in preaching. Accompanied
by his wife and ten children, he emigrated west-
ward to Pike county, Illinois, with a company of
six hundred others under the leadership of James
Smith, the Mormon leader. They started from
Clayton, Ohio, in 1843, and reached Pike county
in the fall of the same vear. After a short time

they went to Nauvoo in Hancock county, where
they had trouble on account of being identified
.with Brigham Young. Consequently most of
the company of six hundred fled to Ardine, Mis-
souri, and stopped at a gristmill called the "old
well," where they were overtaken by a party of
forty masked men who fell upon them during the
night and massacred over forty men, women and
children, throwing their dead bodies into the
well. The remainder of the ill-fated party fled
from Ardine to Diamond, Missouri, but were
hotly, pursued. Five days after reaching Dia-
mond they built a big platform, intending to hold
a meeting for the purpose of considering the
course of reaching Salt Lake City. There the
company divided, about half agreeing to go with
Brigham Young, after which they were known
as the Brighamites, while the other half was
known as the Smithites. The latter branch had
formerly been known as the Latter Day Saints.
The Brighamites got away from Diamond but
the Smithites were overtaken. Daniel Bowen,
one of the prophets, together with nineteen other
prophets or officers .of the sect, were blindfolded
and placed on the platform to be shot but Gov-
ernor Boggs rode up and demanded that "not a
gun be fired." He then took the bandage from
the eyes of Daniel Bowen and said, "You look
like an honest man. Now I will give you and
your people twenty-four hours to get out of this
community and ten days to get out of the state.
If you don't you will be killed." They all agreed.
Daniel Bowen had loaded up his wagons as had
the others but the same night their wagon was
burned and the horses and cattle were taken
away by unknown parties. Daniel Bowen and his
family of ten children, together with thirty-four
other families, were compelled to march single
file through the snow and after many hardships
and much suffering they reached Quincy, Illinois.
There the party broke up and the different fami-
lies scattered over the country. Daniel Bowen
and his family finally reached New Canton, where
he began working at his trade of shoemaking,
which he followed until his death in 1880. His
wife died two years before and they were buried
in the Morey graveyard near New Canton. It
was a (laughter of this couple who became the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

wife of Charles Standley. Upon the Brammel
farm, which he had purchased, Charles Standley
continued to engage in farming up to the time of
his death. The farm was encumbered by a deed
of trust for one hundred and fifty dollars and
was sold to Joseph Alkire because the Standley
family were unable to agree as to who owned the
farm. Charles Standley died in February, 1894,
and was laid to rest in the Barry graveyard. He
had long survived his wife, who had passed away
November 21, 1869, and was buried in the Morey
graveyard near New Canton.

George W. Standley pursued his early educa-
tion in the Brewster schoolhouse in Pleasant Vale
township southeast of New Canton. He was
reared to farm life, working in the fields from
the time of early spring planting until crops were
harvested in the late autumn. He continued to
engage in farm work until 1903, when he turned
his attention to his present business, opening a
meat market in Rockport. He had carried on
general agricultural pursuits on his own account
in Pleasant Vale and Atlas townships, having
ceased to work for others in 1872, when he began
operating a farm for himself. He prospered in
his undertakings and since opening his meat mar-
ket in 1903 has met with good success in this
business. He owns his shop property and also has
a nice residence in Rockport.

On the I4th of March, 1869, Mr. Standley was
united in marriage to Miss Cornelia E. Black-
ledge, a daughter of John and Jemima (Baugh-
man) Blackledge, who were natives of Ohio, in
which state they were reared and married. They
came to Pike county, November 15, 1847, and m
1854 Mr. Blackledge went to California, remain-
ing on the Pacific coast until 1878, when he re-
turned to New Canton, Illinois. After remain-
ing here for three months with Mr. Standley he
went to Montana, since which time no news has
been heard of him. Mrs. Blackledge, now Mrs.
Smith, makes her home with Mr. and Mrs.
Standley. Unto our subject and his wife have
been born three children: Ninett, born December
26, 1869, in Pleasant Vale township, died Febru-
ary 2, i87o,-in the same township and was buried
in the Morey graveyard. Luetta, born March 1 1 ,
1873, in Pleasant Vale township, near New Can-

ton, died in May, 1876. Cornelia I., born No-
vember 30, 1883, in Rockport, died there August
23, 1900, and was buried in the Taylor grave-
yard near the village.

In his political views Mr. Standley is an earn-
est republican and keeps well informed on the
questions and issues of the day. He believes
firmly in the principles of the party and rejoices
in its success. He belongs to the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and to theTVTodern Wood-
men camp and his well directed efforts have made
him a self-made man worthy of all praise which
that term implies. He started out on his own
account when a young lad, empty-handed and
worked as a farm hand for a long period but
when possible he engaged in farming on his own
account and as the years' passed by so directed
his labors that his efforts have been crowned with
a goodly measure of success and he is now con-
ducting a profitable business in Rockport.

ISAAC T. WEBB.

Isaac T. Webb, proprietor of a hotel and livery
barn at Rockport, has made a creditable business
record by reason of the methods he has followed
and the success he has achieved. A native of
Pennsylvania, he was born in Huntingdon county,
about three miles from the city of Huntingdon,
on the 6th of October, 1835, his parents being
Elisha and Polly (Faulkner) Webb. They were
natives of New Jersey, in which state they were
married, removing thence to Huntingdon county,
Pennsylvania, where the father followed the
weaver's trade. He died in Bedford county,
Pennsylvania, at the age of sixty-five years and
was there laid to rest, his wife following him to
the grave ten years later when seventy years of
age.

Isaac T. Webb acquired his education in the
country schools of his native county and was
reared upon his father's farm, where he remained
assisting in the work of cultivation and improve-
ment there until his eighteenth year. He then
went to Sandusky, Ohio, and afterward to the farm
of his uncle, Henry Webb, working for him for

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

two years. He then went to Mahoney county,
Ohio, where he worked on the farm of his
brother-in-law, David Kearns, for two years or
until 1887. In that year he took up his abode in
Griggsville, Pike county, Illinois, living with his
widowed sister, Mrs. Elizabeth Likely, and for
two years worked by the month at farm labor. He
next went to Sangamon county, Illinois, where
he rented and cultivated a farm until August,
1862. In the meantime he had married Miss
Hester Stagg on. the 251)1 of October, 1859, a
daughter of Elijah and Rebecca Stagg. She died
in 1863, when her husband was fighting for the
Union cause and their only child died at birth.

Mr. Webb enlisted in -August, 1862, as a
member of Company I, Thirty-third Illinois
Volunteer Infantry, under Captain W. W. Law-
ton for three years' service, and was mustered
in August, 1862. He was sent with his regiment
to Springfield and on to Benton Barracks, St.
Louis, Missouri. He afterward did duty at
Pilot Knob and at Frederickstown, where they
met the enemy in a skirmish. Afterward the
regiment returned to Pilot Knob, where they
remained through the winter and in the spring
went down the Mississippi river until they reached
Helena, Arkansas. Later they proceeded to
Yicksbtirg. Mississippi, and on to Magnolia
Hill, where a fierce battle occurred. Mr. Webb
was next engaged in the battle of Black River,
Mississippi, and later he participated in the siege
of Vicksburg, where the company lost heavily.
After the capture of Yicksburg Mr. Webb was
taken ill and sent to Quincy, Illinois, where he
arrived August 24, 1863, and he distinctly re-
members seeing the phenomenal spectacle of a
heavy frost on the ground on that date. He was
ill there for three months, after which he was Or-
dered to New Orleans, Louisiana, where he spent
one month. His three years' term of service
having expired, he veteranized and re-enlisted
in the same company and regiment, after which
he was ordered to Bloomington, Illinois, on a
veteran's furlough. When his period of vacation
had passed he went to Irvington, Missouri, thence
to St. Genevieve in the same state and afterward
to Mobile, Alabama, where a skirmish ensued.
The next military movement took him to Mont-

gomery, Alabama, and afterward to Meridian,
Mississippi. At Springfield, Illinois, he was mus-
tered out, and was finally discharged at Vicks-
burg on the 24th of November, 1865. He had
been a true and faithful soldier, never faltering
in his allegiance to the Union cause and on va-
rious battle-fields he did active service in defense
of the stars and stripes.

When the war was over and the country no
longer needed his aid Mr. Webb returned to
Griggsville, Pike county, where he rented a farm,
upon which he lived for eighteen years. He was
married again in January, 1866, his second union
being with Sarah J. Cohenour. By this marriage
there were three children, Ida M., Alice and
Daniel L. Webb, all yet living. The elder
daughter is the wife of Percy Saunders, a resi-
dent of Griggsville, while Alice is the wife of
George Temple, of Texas, and Daniel L. is mar-
ried and resides at Quincy, Illinois. After se-
curing a legal separation from his second wife
Mr. Webb was married April 29, 1890, to Mrs.
Elizabeth Johnson, a daughter of Stewart and
Susan (Beard) Marshall* Her father was a
native of Kentucky and a tailor by trade. He
came with his family to Illinois in 1844, settling
in Barry, and afterward removed to Trenton,
Missouri, later returned to Barry, and thence
went to Pittsfield, where he died on May
12, 1871, at the age of seventy years.
His wife died in Rockport at the home of her
daughter, Mrs. Webb, October 16, 1895, at the
very advanced age of eighty-four years, and her
grave was made by the side of her husband's in
West cemetery at Pittsfield. Mrs. Webb first
married Russell R. Johnson, on the 22d of July,
1855, and by this union were two children: Eliza
A., the wife of S. M. Jones, a resident of Fort
Collins, Colorado; and Annetta Johnson, who
died at the age of four years and was buried in
the West cemetery. Mr.Johnson was a farmer
up to the time of his death, which occurred
September 22, 1882, his remains also being placed
in the West cemetery.

For twelve years Mr. Webb carried the United
States mail over the Star route between Rock-
port and Pittsfield. He and his wife are an ideal
old couple, who have traveled life's journey

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

happily together for fifteen years, and both are
held in high esteem in the community where they
reside. Mr. Webb is now directing his energies to
the conduct of a hotel and livery business in Rock-
port and is a popular landlord, gaining many
friends among his patrons.

NOLAN M. CLEMMONS.

Nolan M. Clemmons, secretary of Jones Com-
mercial College, at St. Louis, Missouri, and prin-
cipal of its department of shorthand and type-
writing, is one of Pike county's native sons, who
has made a creditable record since starting out in
life on his own account. He was born in Monte-
zuma on the 2Oth of October, 1873, and is a son
of Seldon P. and Mary J. (Armstrong) Clem-
mons. The ancestral history of the family can be
traced back in direct line to the time of Crom-
well. Gregory Clemmons, the paternal ancestor,
was the owner of a large estate in Huntingdon-
shire, England, and was one of the members of
parliament who signed the death warrant of
Charles I. Under the protectorate, Cromwell, he
was appointed minister to Spain and in Cordova
married a Spanish lady. Later he was con-
demned as a regicide and his estate was confis-
cated. His brothers afterward fled to America
with his widow and children and settled in Vir-
ginia, whence branches of the name have gone to
all parts of the United States.

Seldon P. Clemmons, father of our subject,
was for more than a decade connected with the
business life of Milton, Illinois, being one of the
first merchants of the town and built there the
first brick store. He was also identified for some
time with river steamboat navigation and was
the owner of the steamer Gem, plying between
Peoria and St. Louis. He has for some time been
leading a retired life and in 1904 he was stricken
with paralysis, since which time he has been a
confirmed invalid.

Nolan M. Clemmons acquired his early educa-
tion in the common schools of his native county.
In his sixteenth year he successfully passed the
teachers' examination given by the county super-

intendent of schools, entitling him to a first-
grade certificate, after pursuing the normal-school
course. A short time subsequently he entered the
Jones Commercial College at St. Louis, Missouri,
where by hard study and close application he was
within a comparatively brief period prepared to
enter the business world. Accordingly we next
find him connected with the Hargardine, McKit-
trick Dry Goods Company, one of the prominent
commercial houses of St. Louis, which he entered
as a stenographer, but his connection therewith
was brief, owing to the fact that he was recalled
to the Jones Commercial College to act as one of
its teachers and is now secretary of the school
and principal of its department of shorthand and
typewriting. He is considered an expert in his
line and has become familiar with various sys-
tems of stenography in use throughout the world.
The success of this department of the school is
attributable entirely to his efforts and he has sys-
temized the work and placed it upon a basis so
that splendid results are obtained and the stu-
dents of the school find themselves well equipped
for the practical duties which come as they enter
actual business life.

On the 27th of June, 1905, at Maplewood, Mis-
souri, Mr. Clemmons was united in marriage to
Miss Marie M. Uhrig, a daughter of Stephen and
Mary A. Uhrig, the former now deceased. Mr.
and Mrs. Clemmons have many warm friends,
being prominent and popular in the social circles
in which they move. He has made thus early his
mark in life and it is safe to predict for him an
even more successful future.

RARNEY MILLER.

Barney Miller, manager of the Hull Elevator
Company, is one of Pike county's most prominent
and substantial business men who for more than
thirty years has been a representative of commer-
cial and agricultural interests in Hull. There
may be found in almost all American communi-
ties quiet, retired men who never ask public of-
fice or seek prominence in public affairs, yet who
nevertheless exert a widelv felt influence in the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

689

community in which they live and thereby help
to construct the proper foundation upon which
the social and political world is built. Such a man
is Barney Miller, whose energy and activity have
been a strong directing force in promoting gen-
eral prosperity and improvement in his adopted
county as well as in winning success in his indi-
vidual affairs.

A native of Germany Mr. Miller came to
America when but four years of age with his
parents. They were nine weeks and two days
upon the ocean, landing at New Orleans, whence
they made their way northward to Adams county,
Illinois. Later they took up their abode in the
city of Quincy, where the father's death occurred.
He dealt to some extent in real estate. The son
was reared under the parental roof and acquired
a public-school education. Throughout his entire
life he has been connected with the grain and
stock business and when twenty-eight years of
age he came to Pike county, where he has since
made his home. It was in March, 1875, that he
embarked in merchandising and also in the grain
business at Hull but later he retired from the
former line and concentrated all his energies
upon the stock and grain business, in which he
still continues. He is dealing quite extensively
in live stock at Piano under the firm name of
I>. Miller & Company. He has a fine place there,
located eight blocks from the depot where he
buys and sells stock on an extensive scale, deal-
ing principally in cattle and hogs. Thirty-five
acres of land are divided into feed lots
and stockyards, and he is recognized as
one of the most prominent and capable
stock-buyers of this part of the state, his
judgment being seldom if ever at fault regard-
ing the value of farm animals. In 1879 he built
an elevator at Hull but soon found that its capac-
ity was not great enough and he erected a larger
one. In 1904 he organized a company and now
controls, the grain trade at this point. In 1879
he had over one hundred thousand bushels of
grain piled up at Hull and he handled more grain
in that year than any other man in Pike county.
The elevator has a capacity of twenty-five thou-
sand bushels and he has constantly maintained
his place* in the foremost ranks of the grain and

stock buyers of the county, his business bringing
him a substantial return and at the same time
furnishing an excellent market to the farmers of
the county.

Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss
Alta Gerdes, who was born in Germany and.it
is quite a coincidence that Mr. Miller was a twin
and his wife also. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Miller
have been born ten children but seven have passed
away and were buried in the cemetery at Quincy,
Illinois. Those still living are: Christopher, a
farmer residing in Kansas, where he cultivates
one hundred and sixty acres of land owned by
his father ; Willie, who is associated with his
father in the grain trade at Hull ; and Sena, at
home. The sons are graduates of the high school
at Hull and the daughter is a graduate of the
Quincy Business College.

Mr. Miller votes with the republican party but
is without aspiration for office. He is recog-
nized as a thoroughly reliable business man, is
quick of comprehension and intricate business af-
fairs he understands readily. His good qualities
have made him well liked and he is justly ac-
counted one of the representative citizens of Hull
and Kinderhook township.

WILLIAM D. MILLER.

William D. Miller, postmaster of Rockport and
a representative of farming interests, was born in
Atlas township, Pike county, on the 4th of. July,
1857, his parents being John and Ann Eliza
(Parker) Miller. The father was a native of
Kentucky and his wife was of English parentage.
He came to Pike county prior to 1832 and was
one of the earliest settlers on Dutch Mill creek.
There he purchased a farm of one hundred and
six acres from Thomas Gafney, constituting a
part of the old Miller homestead. He afterward
increased his purchase to two hundred and fifty
acres now owned by his son William. In his la-
bors as an agriculturist he was enterprising and
progressive and as the years passed he trans-
formed his fields into a valuable property. He
was married on the old Parker farm near the town

690

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of Atlas in Pike county to Miss Ann Eliza Park-
er and unto them were born nine children, of
whom William D. was the second in order of
birth. The father died on the old Miller farm,
August 28, 1872, and was buried in the Petty
cemetery, a mile south of Rockport. The mother
also died upon the old family homestead, passing
away in 1877, at which time her remains were
interred by the side of her husband in the Elijah
Petty cemetery.

William D. Miller is indebted to the public-
school system of his native township for the early
educational privileges which he enjoyed and
which were supplemented by a course of study
in Rockport. He early became familiar with the
duties and labors of farm life, taking his place
in the fields almost as soon as old enough to reach
the plow handles. After leaving school, he con-
tinued to assist his father in the farm duties up
to the time of the latter's death. However, in
1865 he and his father crossed the plains with
one of the old-time "prairie schooners" drawn
by an ox-team. . They started from the Miller
homestead intending to go to California in the
interest of Mr. Miller's health but when near
Denver, Colorado, they became discouraged,
turned back and retraced their route to the old
home farm. On again reaching Pike county Mr.
Miller resumed the work of the fields and con-
tinued as his father's assistant until the latter's
death, after which he took charge of the farm,
which he has since operated. It comprises two
hundred and fifty -acres of rich and arable land
and the farm is now well improved.

Mr. Miller has been married twice. He first
wedded Miss Ella Correll, a daughter of Foster
and Susan Correll. His wife died December 7,
1898, on the old Miller homestead and was laid
to rest in the Summer Hill cemetery. On the
i6th of April, 1905, Mr. Miller wedded Mary
Owsley, a daughter of William and Nancy Ows-
ley. Her father owned and cultivated a farm in
Atlas township, continuing the improvement of
the property up to the time of his death, and his
wife still lives upon the old homestead there.

Mr. Miller was appointed postmaster of Rock-
port on the 26th of October. 1901, by President
McKinley and has occupied the office continu-

ously since. In politics he is an uncompromising
republican and has always been steadfast to the
principles of the party and devoted to its inter-
ests in his native county and state. He has occu-
pied several minor township offices, the duties of
which he has capably discharged. He is a mem-
ber of the Masonic fraternity, the Order of the
Eastern Star and the Modern Woodmen camp,
and has many friends in these organizations, for
they recognize his fidelity to the commendable
principles which constitute the basic elements of
the fraternities. He is widely and favorably
known in the western part of Pike county, where
almost his entire life has been passed, and he has
been a witness of many changes that have oc-
curred here as pioneer conditions have been re-
placed by the evidences of an advanced and mod-
ern civilization.

MRS. NANCY HANKS.

Mrs. Nancy Hanks, residing in Pearl town-
ship, is the widow of Joshua Hanks and a rela-
tive of the immortal Lincoln. She was born April
17, 1832, in Clermont county, Ohio, and was a
daughter of William and Lucinda (Cammerer)
Miller. Her father was born in Kentucky, No-
vember 13, 1802, and engaged in farming
throughout his entire life. He removed from
Ohio to Illinois when his daughter Nancy was
only three years of age and took up his abode
in Greene county, where he resided for a year.
On the expiration of that period he located on
Pearl Prairie, now Old Pearl, where he contin-
ued farming and there his death occurred April
31, 1885. The paternal grandfather, Martin
Miller, was a Revolutionary soldier, joining the
American army in the cause of independence
when quite young. He afterward served in the
war of 1812. Both he and his wife were laid to
rest in the cemetery at Old Pearl.

Mrs. Hanks, having been brought to Illinois
in her early girlhood days, acquired her educa-
tion in the district schools near her father's home
and was trained to the duties of the household,
remaining under the parental roof until twenty

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

691

years of age, when on the i8th of November,
1852, she gave her hand in marriage to Joshua
Hanks. He was a relative of the martyred pres-
ident, Abraham Lincoln. His parents were Da-
vid and Phoebe Ann Hanks, who resided in Pearl
township, Pike county. The father was twice
married and both wives died in Greene county,
Illinois. In advanced years Mr. Hanks removed
to Indiana and lived with his son until his death,
which occurred at an advanced age. Joshua
Hanks passed away on the gth of April, 1869,
upon the old homestead farm where his widow
now resides with her daughter, Malissa E., who
bears a striking resemblance to Abraham Lincoln.
The Hanks and Lincoln families removed from
Virginia to Kentucky about the same time and,
as is well known, the mother of the martyred
president bore the maiden name of Nancy Hanks.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hanks of this review have
been born six children: William D., Martin, A.
Douglas, Lucinda A., Arminta, Malissa E. and
Mary A. Hanks. Of these William D. and Mary
A. are deceased, the former having passed away
February 13, 1895, and the latter on the 2Oth of
August, 1868.

During the period of his residence in Illinois,
Joshua Hanks followed the occupation of farm-
ing and became the owner of a good home prop-
erty, which he left to his widow, who still resides
upon the farm. She has now passed the seventy-
third milestone on life's journey and is a most
estimable lady, who has a large circle of warm
friends in this county.

BENTOX B. DUNN, M. D.

Dr. Benton B. Dunn, successfully practicing
medicine and surgery in Perry and Pike county,
was born March 16, 1866, in the village where
he yet makes his home: and his life record is
in contradiction to the old adage that a prophet
is never without honor save in his own country,
for in the place of his birth he has so directed his
efforts as to win prominence and success as a
leading representative of the medical fraternity.
His parents are Dr. Harvey and Abigail (Rob-

erts) Dunn. The father was born in Geauga
county, Ohio, April i, 1834, and came of Irish
lineage, although the family was established in
America at an early day, Harvey Dunn, Sr., fa-
ther of Dr. Harvey Dunn, being a native of New
York. It was at a period antedating the Revolu-
tion that the first representatives of the name in
the new world took up their abode in Provi-
dence, Rhode Island, and following the establish-
ment of independence the family home was made
in New York.

Harvey Dunn, Sr., however, was largely reared
in Indiana, and after attaining his majority made
his home in Ohio, where he followed carpenter-
ing. In 1837 he became a resident of Meredosia,
Morgan county, Illinois, and while there took a
contract to build the grade for what is now known
as the Wabash Railroad, his work covering the
distance between Meredosia and the bluffs. In
1840 he cast in his lot with the pioneer residents
of Pike county, and embarked in general merchan-
dising at Chambersburg, while later he sold his
store and turned his attention to farming in Cham-
bersburg township, giving his time and energies
to agricultural pursuits until his death, which oc-
curred when he was sixty-two years of age. He
was. a prominent and influential citizen, and was
a member of the constitutional convention of
1847, to which he was elected on the democratic
ticket. He belonged to the Methodist Episcopal
church, as did his wife, who bore the maiden name
name of Angeline Milligan. She was born in
Massachusetts, and was descended from Puritan
ancestry. In early womanhood she went with her
parents to Ohio, and there gave her hand in mar-
riage to Harvey Dunn, Sr.

Dr. Harvey Dunn. pursued his literary educa-
tion in McKendree College, and while studying
medicine also engaged in teaching. He pursued
his preliminary reading under the direction of
Dr. Carey, at one time a leading physician of
Perry and, entering Jefferson Medical College
at Philadelphia, he was graduated in 1856. Subse-
quently he became a student in St. Louis Medical
College, and is numbered among its alumni of
1867. For years he occupied a prominent posi-
tion as a representative of the medical fraternity
of Pike county, locating for practice in Perry in

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

1856. A liberal patronage was accorded him, and
from 1860 until 1885 he also conducted a drug
store. He is now in very poor health, having
sacrificed his own health to that of his patients.
He has done much charity work in his profession
for the poor, never making a charge to those who
could not afford to pay, and never hesitating to
give his service to those who were in need of pro-
fessional aid. Upon the request of the citizens of
Pittsfield he removed to the county seat to become
the successor of Dr. Ledlie, remaining there until
1897, when, because of failing health, he returned
to Perry. In the early pioneer days he would
frequently swim the creeks in order to visit a
patient; and he underwent many personal hard-
ships in order to alleviate the suffering of his
fellowmen. He was made a member of Perry
lodge, A. F. & A. M., on the ist of September,
1855, and is still affiliated with the organization.
He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church,
and is an honorary member of its official board.
In politics he is a stalwart republican. Dr. Dunn
was married January 12, 1859, to Miss Lucinda
Matthews, who was a graduate of the Jacksonville
Female College. She died, however, on the 2d
of December of the same year, and on the I2th
of December, 1861, Dr. Dunn was married to
Miss Abigail Roberts, whose birth occurred in
Barry, Pike county, April 8, 1838. By this mar-
riage have been born seven children: Nellie,
the wife of Frank D. Whitaker, of Perry ; Frede-
rick, who married Delia Bringhurst and is living
in Springville, Utah; Charles H., who married
Annie Boers and is living in Peoria ; Benton B. ;
Mary, the wife of R. Shoemaker, of Perry;
Aileen, living at home ; and Martha J., the wife of
Gideon Armentrout.

Dr. Benton B. Dunn was a public-school stu-
dent, and after acquiring a good education in that
manner he devoted four years to the mas-
tery of the principles of medicine and surgery
as a student in Rush Medical College of Chi-
cago. He was graduated therefrom in the class
of 1891, and practiced with his father until the
latter's health failed, and for the last two years
has been alone in business. He is well equipped
for his chosen life work, having broad and com-
prehensive knowledge of the great underlying

principles which tend to promote man's efficiency
in alleviating human suffering. A liberal patron-
age is accorded him, and in addition he is medi-
cal examiner for various life insurance companies
at Perry. He belongs to the Pike County Medical
Society and the American Medical Association,
and he is deeply interested in all that tends to
bring to man the key to that complex mystery
which we call life. His reading has been broad
and varied, and he has ever maintained a high
standard of professional ethics.

Dr. Dunn was married, October 5, 1892, to
Miss Bertha Clark, who was born August 2,
1869, and is a daughter of Job and Hester Ckrk.
She is a member of the Presbyterian church. Dr.
Dunn belongs to Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. &
A. M., and also to Perry chapter, R. A. M. He
was a delegate to the grand chapter, which held
its meeting in Chicago; and he likewise belongs
to Principle lodge, No. 76, I. O. O. F., and to the
Modern Woodmen camp. He is a worthy suc-
cessor of his father, who for many years was
classed with the leading and prominent physicians
of the county. Ambitious, resolute and purpose-
ful, he has thoroughly equipped himself for his
chosen life work, and in his practice is continually
demonstrating his ability to cope with the intri-
cate problems that continually confront the
physician.

DAVID FRANK.

David Frank, one of the prominent farmers
and stock-raisers of Bedford, represents an early
family of this county, his parents having located
in this locality during the pioneer epoch in the
history of this section of the state. Mr. Frank
was born on the old farm homestead in Monte-
zuma township, January 18, 1858. and is a son
Levi T. and Sarah A. (Boyer) Frank. His
paternal grandparents were Joseph and Reca
(Freitlander) Frank, both natives of Hamburg,
Germany, in which country they were reared and
married. Crossing the Atlantic to the United
States they became residents of South Carolina;
and the grandfather died in Charleston, that state,
of vellow fever. His wife afterward came to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

693

Illinois, spending her last days in Carrollton. The
maternal grandparents were John A. and Cath-
erine Boyer, both of American birth, the former
a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of Ohio.
They were married in Greene county, Illinois,
where Mr. Boyer followed the shoemaker's trade.
His wife died in that county and was buried in
Calvin cemetery, while John A. Boyer departed
this life in Pike county, and was laid to rest in
Bedford cemetery.

Levi Frank, father of our subject, was a na-
tive of Hamburg, Germany, born on the ipth
of January, 1825, and at an early age he -accom-
panied his parents on their emigration to America.
He went to St. Louis, Missouri, where he re-
mained for several years and then came to Pike
county, settling in Griggsville, where he was em-
ployed as a clerk in a mercantile store for about
two years. On the expiration of that period he
removed to Winchester, Scott county, where he
was also employed as a salesman for a short
time, and later he accepted a similar position in
Carrollton, Illinois, where he remained for several
years. He next went to Callaway, Missouri,
where he was engaged in clerking up to the time
of his enlistment for service in the Mexican war
in 1846. He served until the close of hostilities,
acting as bugler in Company H, First Regiment
of Missouri Mounted Volunteers. He was mus-
tered out of service and discharged at Chihuahua,
Mexico, in 1847, aft€r which he returned to Mil-
lersburg, Callaway county, Missouri. There on
the 2/th of December, 1847, ne was married, to
Miss Sarah A. Boyer, a daughter of John A. and
Catherine (Calvin) Boyer. He later engaged in
merchandising and in the grain business, in which
he successfully continued until 1872, when he dis-
posed of his store and gave his undivided atten-
tion to the grain trade up to the time of his death.
He had been connected in his mercantile interests
with Charles E. Bolin and W. E. Butler, who or-
ganized the Exchange Bank of Milton ; and in
this institution Mr. Frank continued a partner up
to the time of his death, which occurred in Bed-
ford, on the 2d of September, 1898. He was
laid to rest in the Smith cemetery north of Mil-
ton. His wife is now living with Mr. and Mrs.
Frank at the advanced age of eighty-one years.

Mr. Frank was a prominent and influential citi-
zen of the county for a long period and contrib-
uted in substantial measure to its commercial and
business prosperity- He enjoyed the respect and
confidence of his contemporaries in business life
and through well directed efforts won a credit-
able measure of prosperity. Unto him and his
wife were born six children : Latilla M., born
December 6, 1848; Adolphus, who was born May
14, 1851, and died in infancy, his remains being
interred in Calvin cemetery, Greene county, Illi-
nois; Izora J., who was born January 2, 1853;
Meneta B., born January 24, 1856; David, born
January 8, 1858; and Laura S., born December
16. 1860.

David Frank was educated in the public schools
of Bedford, and entering business life was as-
sociated with his father up to his thirty-first year.
He is now devoting his energies to agricultural
pursuits and stock-raising, and in the control of
-his business affairs displays keen sagacity, quick
discernment and a thorough understanding of
business problems. Moreover his methods are
honorable and his entire business career has been
actuated by principles which are worthy of emula-
tion, and which have proven resultant factors in
winning him a creditable measure of success.

Mr. Frank was united in marriage April 21,
1889, to Miss Elizabeth A. Lytle, a daughter of
Thomas C. and Eliza Lytle. By this marriage
have been born two children : Lloyd, whose birth
occurred February 17, 1890; and Gladys, born
May 8, 1893. Both were born in Bedford, where
Mr. and Mrs. Frank have a pleasant and attrac-
tive home, which is the center of a cultured so-
cictv circle.

WILLIAM RUPERT.

Wililam Rupert, a representative of industrial
interests in Rockport, where he is engaged in
black-smithing, was born in Pennsylvania on the
5th of March, 1827. He was reared upon the
farm of his parents, David and Martha (Lynch)
Rupert. The father was a blacksmith by trade
and removed from Pennsylvania to Ohio, settling
in Medina county, when his son William was but

694

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

six years of age. There he remained for eight
years, during which time he carried on black-
smithing. On the expiration of that period the
entire family came to Pike county, Illinois, where
David Rupert continued to work at his trade until
his death, which occurred when he was sixty-four
years of age, his remains being then interred in
the cemetery at Rockport. His wife survived him
for about two years, passing away at the age of
sixty-six years.

William Rupert of this review is numbered
among the early settlers of Pike county, where he
arrived in the early '403. He has lived continu-
ously in Rockport for sixty years; and, having
learned the blacksmith's trade under his father,
he has since followed that pursuit with the ex-
ception of a period of three years, which he spent
in California. He went to the Pacific coasb in the
fall of 1850, attracted by the discovery of gold in
the far west, hoping that he might realize a
fortune, as others were doing, in the mines ; but
his hopes were not destined for fulfillment in that
direction, and he returned in 1853, a wiser, if not
a richer man.

Mr. Rupert had been married in 1848 to Miss
Phila Goble, and unto them were born five chil-
dren, four sons and a daughter, namely : William,
Harry, Orlando, Edgar and a daughter, who died
at birth unnamed. All of the children are de-
ceased and were laid to rest in Rockport ceme-
tery. William died at the age of forty-two years,
Harry died at the age of eighteen, Orlando when
two years of age and Edgar when a babe of a year
and a half. The wife and mother died in Rock-
port, and was laid to rest by the side of her chil-
dren. In 1866 Mr. Rupert was again married,
his second union being with Elvira Chancy, who
is still living, and they are residing in a pleasant
home in Rockport.

Politically Mr. Rupert has always been a re-
publican, interested in the growth and success of
his party, yet without aspiration for office, as he
has preferred to give his time and attention to
his business interests. Although he is now well
advanced in years, he still follows his trade to
some extent, and he has found in that work op-
portunity for the acquirement of a comfortable
competence. He has lived an honest, upright life

and few men are more widely or more favorably
known in Rockport and the surrounding country
than is William Rupert.

WILLIAM H. WALKER.

William H. Walker, living on section i. Atlas
township, was born January 31, 1853, in Brown
county, Ohio, and with his parents came to Pike
county, Illinois, when but two and a half years
of age. He is a son of Wilson and Margaret
(Arthur) Walker, the former a native of Ken-
tucky, and the latter of Ohio. The father fol-
lowed the occupation of farming in his native
state, and also in Pike county, continuing to repre-
sent agricultural interests here up to the time of
his death. His wife departed this life in August,
1895, and was buried in Prairie Mound cemetery,
in Martinsburg township. He survived until
March 10, 1905, when his grave was made by
hers in the Prairie Mound cemetery. The fam-
ily on coming to Pike county located on a farm
of ninety acres on section n, Atlas township.

It was upon that place that William H. Walker
was reared; and his education was largely ac-
quired in the West Point district school, in Atlas
township. During the periods of vacation he as-
sisted in the labors of the fields, and early became
familiar with the practical methods of tilling the
soil and gathering the crops. He remained at
home until twenty-one years of age, when he
rented a farm and began work on his own ac-
count in Atlas township, cultivating that property
for about two years. When twenty-three years of
age, he purchased forty acres of land on sec-
tion 12, Atlas township, tilling the soil for about
three years, and then bought another tract of
thirty acres in the same township. This, added
to the forty acres which he had purchased on sec-
tion 12 and forty acres also on section 12, Atlas
township, which was deeded to him by his fa-
ther, constitutes a good property, upon which he
has made excellent improvements. The occu-
pation to which he was reared he has made his
life work, and his efforts have been attended with
a gratifying measure of success.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

695

On the 20th of August, 1878, Mr. Walker was
united in marriage to Miss Theodosia Moore, a
daughter of J. C. and Rachael Moore. Unto this
union was born one son, Emmett Walker, whose
birth occurred December i, 1884, upon the old
homestead farm in Atlas township. He attended
the West Point district school, and continued his
studies in the public schools of Pittsfield.

He was also reared to farm life, and is now as-
sisting his father in the operation of his land and
the care of his stock. In 1892 Mr. Walker was
called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who
died on the 6th of March of that year.. She was
a loving and devoted helpmate and companion to
him on life's journey, and an affectionate mother.
She passed away at the old home and was buried
in the Prairie Mound cemetery in Martinsburg
township.

Mr. Walker belongs to the Odd Fellows lodge
at New Hartford. He has not been very active
in fraternal or political circles, however, but has
confined his attention and energies largely to his
business affairs. Receiving little assistance he
has depended upon his own labors and earnest,
persistent effort constitutes the real basis of his
prosperity.

DAVID JOHNSON.

David Johnson, who owns and operates a farm
on section 16, Pearl township, is a native of Madi-
son county, Illinois, born December 28, 1830, and
since the age of twelve years has been a resident
of Pike county with the exception of a brief pe-
riod spent in California. He is a son of William
M. and Mary Caroline (Lumley) Johnson, in
whose family were seven children, David being
the fifth in order of birth. The father was a na-
tive of South Carolina, and served as a soldier of
the war of 1812, aiding- his country throughout
the period of hostilities. At an early period in the
development of this state he became a resident of
Madison county, and in 1831 removed to Greene
county, Illinois, where he engaged in farming and
shoemaking. There his death occurred in the
spring of 1835. His widow afterward removed
to Calhoun county and thence came to Pike

county, where she spent her remaining days, her
death occurring on the I7th of January, 1877.

David Johnson was only about a year old when
his parents went to Greene county, where he re-
sided until 1842, when, after a brief residence in
Calhoun county, he came to Pike county. Here
he has since remained with the exception of the
period between 1850 and 1854, which was spent
in California. His education was acquired in the
public schools of Greene, Calhoun and Pike coun-
ties ; and he was reared to farm life, early becom-
ing familiar with the duties and labors that fall
to the lot of the agriculturist.

On the I4th of February, 1856, Mr. Johnson
secured a companion and helpmate for life's jour-
ney by his marriage to Miss Lydia A. Wheeler,
who was born October 23, 1837, and was a daugh-
ter of Cyrus and Elmira Wheeler. Her father
was a native of Kentucky, while her mother was
born in the Empire state, and was a daughter of
John Little, who was a surgeon in the American
army in the Revolutionary war. Joseph Wheeler,
a paternal great-uncle of Mrs. Johnson, was also
a Revolutionary officer, holding the rank of colo-
nel. Her parents on coming to Illinois settled in
Greene county, where they remained for two years
and then took up their abode in Pearl township,
Pike county, where their remaining days were
passed, Mr. Wheeler departing this life in Au-
gust, 1884, while his wife's death occurred in
1897.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Johnson were born eleven
children : Melissa B., the eldest, born October 4,
1856, became the wife of Joseph Garner, and they
reside in Spring Creek township, Pike county.
Clarissa, twin sister of Melissa, died November
26, 1856. William C., born September 7, 1858,
married Mary Dawson, and is living in Newburg
township. Ida M. born October 29, 1860, died
January 6, 1861. Ina M., twin sister of Ida, died
in August, 1872. Elmira Caroline, born Septem-
ber 1 8, 1863, became the wife of Charles RenoUd,
December 25, 1887, and they now reside in New-
burg township. Sarah E., born February 23,
1866, died August 4, 1867. Hattie E., born July
14, 1868, is the wife of Dr. B. P. Bradburn, a
resident of Lincoln, Illinois. Albert Sydney, born
March 19, 1871, married Josephine McKey, and

696

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

resides in Pearl township, Pike county. Delia
R., born January 17, 1876, is the wife of Daily
Garrison, of Pearl. Earl C, born June 4, 1880,
married Jessie E. Keller and died June 8, 1904.
Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have twenty-six grand-
children living while nine have passed away.

In his political views Mr. Johnson is inde-
pendent. He takes no active part in political
work but gives his support to the principles which
he thinks will promote the best interests of the
country. His entire life has been devoted to
farming, and in the conduct of his agricultural
interests he has achieved a gratifying measure of
success. For about sixty years he has lived in
Pike county, and has therefore been a witness of
the greater part of its development and improve-
ment as it has emerged from pioneer conditions
and taken on the evidences of an advanced civili-
zation. He has been interested in what has been
accomplished and has given his co-operation to
plans and movements for the public good.

CHARLES B. DUSTIN.

No history of Pike county would be a complete
record of its development along agricultural lines
that did not contain mention of Charles B. Dus-
tin who is now practically retired, but who, for
many years, was prominently identified with
stock-raising interests ; in fact, the extent and im-
portance of his business affairs in this connection
made him known far beyond the confines of the
county. He is a representative of one of the oldest
pioneer families of this part of the state, and was
born in Atlas on the 2gth of November, 1843.
His parents were William and Sarah (Bentley)
Dustin. The father, a native of New Hampshire,
was a farmer by occupation, and came to Pike
county about 1837. He was married in this county
to Miss Bentley, a native of New York, who had
come to Illinois with Dr. Whiting and his family,
who were early settlers of Atlas township, mak-
ing their home in Rockport. William Dustin
engaged actively in farming for many years, suc-
cessfully carrying on agricultural pursuits until

1865. He died upon the old homestead property,
now owned by our subject, October 12, 1873, and
his remains were interred in Adams and Dustin
cemetery, at Atlas, Illinois. His widow survived'
him until January 4, 1891, and was then buried
beside her husband. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dustin
were born three children, Charles B. being the
only son. The sisters are Jennie and Nettie Dus-
tin. The former married Seth Robinson, an at-
torney of Lincoln, Nebraska, . who died in San
Francisco, California. His wife returned to the
home of her brother in January, 1877, and died
on the 5th of that month, her remains being in-
terred in the Adams and Dustin cemetery. Nettie
Dustin became the wife of J. R. Sayers, of St.
Louis, Missouri, and they now reside in San
Francisco, California.

Charles B. Dustin acquired his preliminary edu-
cation in the district schools of his native town-
ship, and later spent two winter seasons as a stu-
dent in Jacksonville, Illinois. During the first
winter he attended the west district public school,
and also during a part of the second winter ; while
later he became a student in the Illinois College.
Upon leaving college he returned to Atlas and as-
sisted his father in the operation of his farm until
1865, when he rented the old home place from his
father. It comprised four hundred and eighty
acres of land pleasantly and conveniently located
about a mile southeast of Atlas. There he en-
gaged in general farming until 1874, at which
time he purchased the home property, buying the
interest of his sisters in the farm. His farm to-
day comprises two hundred and sixty-six acres
of valuable land, which had been purchased by
his father from the Brown estate, and upon which
William Dustin erected a fine residence and also
made other excellent improvements. Here Mr. Dus-
tin of this review continued to carry on general
agricultural pursuits and stock-raising. He at
first purchased a few head of thoroughbred short-
horn cattle; and he continued to breed and raise
cattle for many years, gradually adding to his
herd. In 1880 he purchased four head of imported
female shorthorn cattle. He attended sales and
occasionally purchased some thoroughbred stock,
and by 1891 had become the owner of quite a
number of Scotch bred shorthorns. In August

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

697

of that year he went abroad, going to Scotland,
where he purchased four thoroughbred heifers
and two bulls, and also five head of shorthorns
for J. F. Prather, of Williamsville, Illinois. He
then returned to the United States with the cat-
tle, which were placed in quarantine in Garfield,
New Jersey, and after ninety days were shipped
from there to Springfield, Illinois, where Mr.
Prather took his. while Mr. Duntin's were sent
on to Pittsfield, and from that city they were
driven to his farm. He then made a specialty of
breeding Scotch shorthorns, giving his particular
attention to this branch of his business. He raised
nearly all of his cattle, and soon had a very fine
herd. In 1893 n€ imported two other Scotch
bulls, and in 1898 still another. By this time Mr.
Dustin owned as fine specimens of imported thor-
oughbred, selected stock as any one in the United
States. In the spring of 1898, however, he held
a sale of his thoroughbred stock on his home farm,
which was attended by representatives from al-
most every state in the Union. Forty-three head
of cattle at this sale were catalogued, forty of
which Mr. Dustin had himself bred ; and his stock
sale had an average of three hundred and sixty-
three dollars per head. He afterward sold many
head of cattle at private sale, and in 1901 he sold
in Chicago at public sale five head of cattle, all of
his own breeding, averaging twelve hundred and
sixteen dollars, being the highest average made
throughout the United States and Canada during
that year. Twelve months prior to selling his
herd he disposed of many of his cattle, which
brought him a financial return of twenty thou-
sand and five hundred dollars. It was following
the death of his younger son that Mr. Dustin
disposed of his splendid herd of shorthorns en-
tirely at private sale. There were thirty-six head
in all, including an imported Scotch bull, consid-
ered to be the best bull in the United States. He
realized from this sale thirty thousand dollars.
He then retired from active pursuits largely on
account of the death of his two sons, William A.
and Homer.

It was on the 28th of October, 1867, that Mr.
Dustin was united in marriage to Miss Emma P.
Stebbens, a daughter of Alfred and Emeline
(Hendricks) Stebbens. Her father was a re-

tired farmer, of Summer Hill, to which place he
removed in 1881. He passed away July 21, 1904,
and was buried in the Adams and Dustin ceme-
tery. His wife still survives him, and now makes
her home with Mr. and Mrs. Dustin, at the ad-
vanced age of eighty years. Unto our subject
and his wife were born two sons, William A. and
Homer. The former was born January 2, 1870,
and died at his father's home June 3, 1899, leav-
ing a widow, Anna (Sanderson) Dustin, and one
child, Charles S. Dustin, his remains being in-
terred in the West cemetery at Pittsfield. Homer
was born August n, 1871, on his grandfather
Stebbens' farm in Atlas township and died March
10, 1902, leaving a widow. Flora (Pryor) Dus-
tin, and two children, Ruth M. and William A.
Dustin, his grave being made in the Adams and
Dustin cemetery. The loss of the two sons came
as the greatest blow that has ever fallen upon the
happy home of our subject and his wife. They
were both promising young men, in whom the in-
terest of the parents centered, and they had been
their father's assistants in business affairs.

Mr. Dustin was for a long time a stanch repub-
lican in politics, but during the past few years
his given his support to the democracy. He is a
man firm in his honest convictions, never falter-
ing in his support of the principles which he be-
lieves to be right. There is no man in Pike county
who has done more to improve the grade of stock-
raised than has Mr. Dustin, who has thereby con-
tributed to general prosperity, especially of the
agricultural class. In all of his business affairs
he has been very progressive, and has ever been
reliable and energetic, and he stands to-day among
the respected and honored citizens of his county.

WILLIAM H. THURMON.

William H. Thurmon is the owner of a good
farm of one hundred and ten acres of valuable
land and also has twenty acres of timber land in
Pike county, where for many years he has made
his home. His birth occurred in Montgomery
county, Tennessee, on the 28th of February, 1829,
and he comes of Scotch ancestry, the family hav-
ing been established in America at an early pe-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

riod in the colonization of the new world. His
paternal grandfather, David Thurmon, was a
Virginia tobacco planter and was well-to-do in
his time. His entire life was passed in the Old
Dominion. His son, Thomas L. Thurmon, was
born, reared and educated in Virginia and on
leaving that state removed to Cumberland county,
Kentucky, where he married Miss Millie Black.
They afterward removed to Montgomery county,
Tennessee, settling about twelve miles from the
county seat where the birth of our subject oc-
curred. The father acted as -an overseer on his
father's plantation in Virginia, superintending
the negroes in their cultivation of the land for
many years. He was also similarly employed in
Kentucky for about four years and then went to
Montgomery county, Tennessee, where he con-
tinued in the same occupation until 1841. In that
year he arrived in Pike county, Illinois, settling
in Montezuma township, where he carried on gen-
eral agricultural pursuits up to the time of his
death, which occurred March 17, 1882, when he
was eighty-two years of age. His remains were
interred in Green Pond cemetery, in Monte-
zuma township. Both he and his wife
exemplified the true spirit of religion in their
lives and were devoted members of the Christian
church. Mrs. Thurmon also passed away in
Montezuma township when about seventy years
of age and later her husband's remains were laid
by her side in Green Pond cemetery. In their
family were nine children, namely : Susan J., Sa-
rah A., Bethena E., Louisa M., Mary R., William
H., John T., James L. and Adeline, of whom
Mary R. died in infancy and was buried in Green
Pond cemetery, while Susan J. died at the age of
sixty-five years, Sarah A. at the age of sixty-two
years, Louisa M., when fifty-eight years of age
and Bethena E. at the age of fifty-four years.
All were laid to rest in the family burial lot in
Green Pond cemetery,

William H. Thurmon, whose name introduces
this review, was a youth of eleven years when his
parents came with their family to Pike county
and here he has since resided, his time and at-
tention being given to the acquirement of an edu-
cation in the district schools in his early boyhood
and to work in the fields. Having arrived at

years of maturity he was married on the 2Qth of
August, 1852, to Miss Lucy L. Smith, who was
of Welsh descent and a daughter of Willam and
Delano (Parks) Smith. Her father was born in
Virginia and removed from the Old Dominion to
Ohio when about twelve years of age in com-
pany with his parents. There he formed the ac-
quaintance of Miss Parks, whom he afterward
wedded and they became the parents of but one
child — Mrs. Thurmon. The mother died when
the daughter was but thirteen months old and her
remains were interred in Athens county, Ohio.
The father afterward removed from the Buck-
eye state to Montezuma township, where he lived
for five years and then went to McDonough
county, Illinois, his death occurring in Col-
chester.

Since his marriage Mr. Thurmon has followed
farming with gratifying success and is now the
owner of one hundred and ten acres of cultivable
land in Montezuma township. His farm is un-
der a good state of .cultivation, being supplied
with modern equipments and the neat and thrifty
appearance of the place indicates his careful
supervision. In addition to this he has twenty
acres of timber land, mostly hard wood — oak,
hickory and walnut. Mr. and Mrs. Thurmon
have largely devoted their lives to rearing and
educating their children. They are the parents
of seven sons and two daughters, four of the for-
mer being physicians, a record perhaps une-
qualed in the United States. They provided
them with excellent opportunities for preparing
for this field of business activity and they are
polished gentlemen, capable in their profession,
each meeting with success in the locality in which
he has become established in practice.

NORMAN W. BROWN.

Norman W. Brown, who follows farming on
section 35. Atlas township, was born on the old
family homestead of two hundred and twenty
acres, upon which his father, Isaac Brown, lo-
cated in 1828. The natal day of the son was
September 23, 1840, and he was reared vipon the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

699

home place, acquiring his preliminary education
in the old log scchoolhouse of the neighborhood
about one mile from his father's home. He
afterward, however, attended the Summer Hill
district school, from which he was graduated.
All this time he was living with his parents, Isaac
and Susan (Smoot) Brown, the former of Scotch
ancestry and the latter of Dutch lineage. Isaac
Brown was a native of Virginia and removed
from the Old Dominion to Kentucky, where he
was married. He made farming his life work
and followed that occupation until his life's la-
bor's were ended in death. He became a pioneer
resident of this county, settling here in 1828,
when much of the land was still in possession of
the government and few clearings had been made.
He at once began to cultivate his land in Atlas
township and resided upon the old homestead
farm until his death in 1850. He had served his
country as a soldier in the war of 1812. His
widow survived him until April, 1860, and was
then buried beside her husband on the old home
farm that is now the property of C. B. Dustin.
The old flintlock musket which was carried by
Isaac C. Brown in the war of 1812 is still in pos-
session of the family, being now the property of
Willis Brown, a brother of Norman W. Brown.
In the family of Isaac and Susan Brown were
thirteen children, namely : Maria, Mahala, Squire,
Owen, Hardin, John, Willis, James, Isaac, Susan,
Jane, Benjamin and Norman W. All are now
deceased with the exception of four. Isaac died
in infancy and was buried beside his parents on
the old home farm, where also lie the remains
of Hardin and John Brown, while Susan, Ma-
hala and Benjamin were buried in California and
Owen was buried in Kentucky near Mammoth
Cave.

Norman W. Brown, the youngest of his fa-
ther's family, was reared upon the old homestead
farm. He lost his father when but ten years of
age and was reared by his older brothers and
sisters with whom he lived until nineteen years
of age. when, in August, 1859, in company with
William and James Baxter, he started for Pikes
Peak, attracted by the discovery of gold in Colo-
rado. They traveled with ox teams a part of the
way and on reaching Nebraska they met many
35

gold-seekers who were returning and who gave
them information that there was no gold to be
found. This discouraged the party so that they
turned back and again came to Pike county. In
the spring of 1860, however, Mr. Brown once
more determined to try and win a fortune from
the depths of the earth, for favorable reports
concerning mining operations were still being re-
ceived from Colorado and California and other
sections of the country. In company with about
one hundred and forty others he started, the
party having forty wagons, most of which were
drawn by ox teams. The company was com-
manded by John Underwood, whom they elected
captain, and slowly they wended their way across
the plains, completing in safety the long trip of
five months, and reached Sacramento, California,
on the 5th of September, 1860. They saw many
Indians en route but they kept a strict watch, each
male member of the company standing guard in
his turn and they were not molested. Upon
reaching Sacramento they did not find the gold as
plentiful as they had pictured in their minds, so
the members of the company scattered and
sought employment in various ways. Mr. Brown
went to work on a ranch and was thus employed
for four and a half years, at the end of which
time he returned home on the ocean steamer,
Moses Taylor, embarking at San Francisco on
the 1 3th of November, 1865. He disembarked
with six hundred others at San Juan on the coast
of Panama and from there they traveled over-
land, crossing the mountains, Mr. Brown riding
a pony. He finally reached Virginia Bay, where
he with the rest of the party took a boat across
the bay to the head of San Juan river, where
they embarked on two small river boats, going
to Walker's Rapids. They traveled around the
rapids on foot and again embarked on two other
boats, thus making their way to old Graytown.
a small port in the Atlantic ocean, where they
took the steamer Santiago de Cuba for New
York, arriving safely at that port. Thence they
traveled by rail to Niagara Falls, and then on to
Quincy, Illinois, and from there Mr. Brown
made his way home.

On again reaching Pike county he once more
engaged in farming and soon afterward he se-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

cured a companion and helpmate for life's jour-
ney. He was married on the 28th of January,
1869, to Miss Ann Elizabeth Gay, a daughter of
James and Amelia (Yokem) Gay, who are men-
tioned on another page of this volume. Unto
this marriage six children, three sons and three
daughters, have been born, namely: Nellie, who
was born November 25, 1869, and is now the
wife of X. J. Carter, of Rockport; Paul W., who
was born June 19, 1871, and is now a practicing
physician in Springfield, Ohio ; Carrie, born Oc-
tober 27, 1873, who is the wife of H. D. Marion, a
resident of Atlas township ; Claud, who was born
October 9, 1876, and is living in Carterville, Illi-
nois, where he is employed and is part owner in
a mining machinery foundry; Erma, who was
horn May 22, 1882, and is a stenographer with
the Simmons Hardware Company of St. Louis ;
and Bert, who was born May 10, 1884, and re-
sides with his parents.

Politically Mr. Brown is a republican, unfal-
tering in the advocacy of his party and its prin-
ciples. He cast his first presidential ballot for
Abraham Lincoln in 1860 and is proud of the fact
that his second vote also supported the martyred
president. Mr. and Mrs. Brown are now living
upon the old home farm in Atlas township, where
for years he has carried on general agricultural
pursuits, having devoted his life to farm work
since his return home from California more than
forty years ago.

MRS. ELLEN L. RUPERT.

Mrs. Ellen L. Rupert, one of the most highr
esteemed ladies of Rockport, is prominent not
only in social but also in business circles, being
connected with the firm of Haines, Rupert &
Company. She possesses excellent business tal-
ent, tact, energy and perseverance. She was
born in Rockport, July 31, 1847, ar>d is a daughter
of Nicholas and Zerilda (DeWitt) Crenshaw.
The Crenshaws were large slave owners in Vir-
ginia and Kentucky and had extensive planta-
tions. The Virginia branch of the family were

among the early settlers of the Old Dominion.
Her father and mother were natives of Hardin
county, Kentucky, to which state their parents
had removed from Virginia at an early day in the
settlement of the Blue Grass district. Nicholas
Crenshaw removed to Jackson county, Missouri,
and Zerilda DeWitt, who was an orphan, also
became a resident of that place, to which she
went with her uncle, Daniel Crump, and shortly
afterward she gave her hand in marriage to
Nicholas Crenshaw. They remained residents
of Jackson county, Missouri, for two years, dur-
ing which time he engaged in farming, and on
the expiration of that period came to Rockport,
Illinois, where Mr. Crenshaw turned his atten-
tion to the cooperage business. He was for years
a justice of the peace in Atlas township and was
a respected and prominent citizen of his commu-
nity. In 1849 he removed to Summer Hill, where
he resided until 1856, when he returned to Rock-
port. After two years, in 1858, he went to
Scott's Landing in Atlas township, where he re-
mained for seven years, when in 1866 he once
more came to Rockport. Here he engaged in
merchandising up to the time of his death, which
occurred in March, 1882, his remains being in-
terred in the Rockport cemetery. In business
circles he figured prominently and his well mer-
ited reputation for reliability and enterprise
gained him the unqualified confidence and re-
spect of all with whom he came in contact. His
wife had passed away many years before, having
died at Scott's Landing, January 16, 1865, her
remains, however, being interred in Summer Hill
cemetery. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Crenshaw were
born eight children, of whom Mrs. Rupert was
the third in order of birth. These are : Oscar
DeWitt, born November 4, 1844: Ellen Lane,
July 31, 1847: Florence Jane. November 29,
1849; John, in 1851; Fannie Margaret, in June,
1852; Nicholas, in 1855; and James Elisha, in
1858. There was also one child who died at
birth. Of these the living members of the family
are : Mrs. Rupert : Mrs. Florence J. Rapalee, of
Sioux City. Iowa ; Nicholas, who is living in
Omaha : and James Crenshaw. The father was
married twice, his second wife being Lucy Dol-
bear, who survives him and lives in Denver, Colo-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

701

rado. Unto them were born six children : Guy
R.. who lived to manhood and was killed in a
railroad accident ; William, who died in infancy ;
Mary Pryor, a resident of Quincy, Illinois ; Lucy,
Etta Ellis, of Rosalia, Washington; and Hattie
1 id! Webb and Myrtle May Clark, both of Den-
ver, Colorado.

Mrs. Rupert acquired her education largely in
the schools of Rockport and Summer Hill and
also spent one year as a student in Monticello
Seminary at Godfrey, Illinois. She then re-
turned to her parents' home at Scott's Landing in
Pike county, and taught school up to the date of
her marriage. On the i8th of April, 1869, she
gave her hand in marriage to William M. Haines
and unto them were born three sons : Henry Wal-
lace, born February 17, 1870; George Crenshaw,
who was born October 20, 1871, and died at
Scott's Landing, August 4, 1881, his remains be-
ing interred in Rockport cemetery ; and William
Homer, born October 6, 1876. Mr. Haines was
a farmer and was also agent for the steamboats
at Scott's Landing, acting in that capacity at the
time of his death, which occurred February 4,
1 88 1, his remains being interred in the Rockport
cemetery.

On the 24th of July. 1883, Mrs. Haines was
married to James D. Rupert, a merchant of
Rockport and a large landowner, who at the
time of his death was practically living a retired
life. He died January 8, 1895, i" Rockport and
was buried in the Atlas cemetery, three miles
from the village. Mrs. Rupert became a member
of the firm of Haines, Rupert & Company in
1897, being associated with her son in this enter-
prise. They have a very large general store,
carrying the most extensive stock of any estab-
lishment in the western part of the county. Her
son, H. Wallace Haines. is at the head
of the firm of Haines. Rupert & Com-
pany, while her other son. Dr. William
Homer Haines. is a practicing physician and
surgeon of note. He is yet a young man of
twenty-nine years, but has attained success far
in advance of most men of that age. He now
resides at Aetna Mills. California, where he en-
joys a large and lucrative practice. He married
Eugenia Keppler, a native of California. They

have one child, a son, Louis J. H. Haines, born
March 17, 1902.

Mrs. Rupert is a prominent member of Rockport
Methodist Episcopal church and takes an active
and helpful interest in the various departments of
the church work, being known throughout the
community for her devout spirit and her wise
counsel and able assistance in all matters relating
to the growth of the church and the extension of
its influence. It was largely through her influ-
ence that an estate of five thousand dollars was
given to the trustees of the church in perpetuity,
the income of which is to be used at the discretion
of the church trustees. Mrs. Rupert is a member
of the board of trustees, also steward of the
church and is superintendent of the Sunday-
school. Her good work shows her true Christian
spirit. The poor and needy find in her a friend
and she ever gives to the extent of her ability
her aid to all measures for uplifting humanity.
She is indeed one of the most highly esteemed
ladies of Rockport and her business and execu-
tive ability, her spirit of benevolence and her so-
cial nature have endeared her to all with whom
she has been brought in contact.

S. W. DANIELS.

S. W. Daniels has the honor of being the old-
est living pioneer of Bedford, Montezuma town-
ship. He was born in this township in 1829, and
therefore through seventy-seven years has been
a witness of the great changes which have oc-
curred in the county, his memory encompassing
the period of pioneer development, latter-day
progress and of the modern improvements and
prosperity. His parents were James and Olive
Daniels, the former a native of the state of New
York and the latter of Vermont. James Daniels
was one of the first settlers of Montezuma town-
ship. Pike county. On emigrating westward he
and his wife became residents of Madison county,
Illinois, and in 1823 came to Pike county, settling
in Montezuma township, where he entered one
hundred and twenty acres of land, upon which
he reared his family. There he remained until
called to his final rest and he carried on farming

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

until overtaken with the infirmities of age. Both
he and his wife died on the old Daniels home-
stead, where their son S. W. Daniels was born.
The father was a soldier of the war of 1812 and
there was not a braver or more gallant soldier
who fought for the preservation of the interests
of the states in the war with England. He be-
came one of the earliest settlers of the county
and aided in subduing the wilderness and in con-
quering the conditions of pioneer life. His name
is inseparably interwoven with the early records
of this part of the state and with pleasure we pay
our tribute of respect and honor to his memory
because of what he accomplished in behalf of pub-
lic progress here.

S. W. Daniels was reared upon the old farm
homestead amid the environments and conditions
of pioneer life. He can remember the time when
almost all of the houses in the county were log
cabins and has noted the progress that has been
made as these have been replaced by more com-
modious and substantial residences built in mod-
ern style of architecture. The land, too, was
raw and uncultivated and the entire county pre-
sented almost the same appearance as it did when
it came from the hand of nature, the forests be-
ing uncut and the prairies being uncultivated.
There were few indications of the work of man
in the county in his early boyhood and he shared
with others in the hardships and trials incident
to pioneer life. As his age and strength per-
mitted he met and more largely assumed the
duties of improving the home farm and per-
formed the arduous toil incident to the cultiva-
tion of new fields.' In early manhood he also
engaged in milling and continued in business for
many years. Subsequently he turned his atten-
tion to merchandising, conducting a store in Bed-
ford, being a partnef in the firm of Merchant &
Miller. The relationship was maintained for a
considerable period and they received from tne
public a liberal and gratifying patronage. Dur-
ing this time Mr. Daniels also ran a ferry, which
was then located in Bedford. For several years
he has been retired from active life but yet resides
upon the old homestead farm.

In early manhood Mr. Daniels was tinited in
marriage to Miss Frances French and they have

since traveled life's journey most happily to-
gether. She was a daughter of John French and
the wedding was celebrated in her father's home
in 1846. Unto this union were born five children.
three sons and two daughters, namely: Wesley
P., George, Julia, Thomas and Rozella. Mr.
Daniels and his good wife have shared each oth-
er's joys and sorrows for more than sixty years.
Their lives have been tranquil and like a river
flowing quietly but steadily on have enriched the
community as the river does its valley lands.
They are now living in quiet contentment and in
the evening of life are enjoying the fruits of their
former toil which has supplied them with all of
the comforts which go to make life worth the
living.

GEORGE HAKE.

'George Hake, deceased, who was connected
with farming interests in Pike county for many
years and whose upright and honorable life
gained for him the esteem and favorable regard
of all with whom he was associated, was born
in Hanover, Germany, May 9, 1845, a son ot Mr.
and Mrs. Henry Hake, who were likewise na-
tives of the fatherland and there spent their en-
tire lives, the former devoting his attention to
agricultural pursuits. In their family were nine
children, of whom six are yet living: Dinie, the
wife of Fred Strouse; Ernest, who is living in
Barry, Illinois: and Minnie, Carl, Augustus and
William, all living in Germany.

George Hake acquired his education in the
public schools of his native country and attracted
by the business opportunities and more favorable
conditions of the new world he bade adieu to
friends and native land when eighteen years of
age and crossed the Atlantic to America. He
worked upon a farm near Perry and soon after
his marriage removed to Denver. Colorado,
where he established a meat market, having
learned the business in his native country. He
carried on business in Denver for twenty years
with excellent success and then returned to
Griggsville because of poor health, spending his
remaining days in this city.

GEORGE HAKE

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

70S

Mr. Hake was married to Miss Mary Alice
Smith, who was born in Fulton county, Illinois,
October 10, 1852, a daughter of Spencer H. and
Elizabeth (McWhirt) Smith. The father was
born in Georgetown, Delaware, February 9, 1825,
and the mother's birth occurred in Culpeper,
Virginia, November 9, 1826. In 1847 Mr. Smith
came to Fulton county, Illinois, locating south of
Bernadotte, where he engaged in farming until
1861. He then took up his abode in the town of
Griggsville, where he engaged in the painting
business for two or three years prior to his death.
He held membership in the Baptist church from
1863 until the time of his demise and lived an
upright Christian life. His political allegiance
was given to the democracy and his loyalty to
his country was displayed by active service in the
Mexican war. He held the rank of corporal,
participated in several battles and at length was
shipwrecked with Captain Reynolds off the coast
of Texas. The grandfather of Mrs. Hake was a
soldier of the war of 1812. Mr. Smith con-
tinued a resident of Griggsville up to the time
of his death, which occurred in 1900 and his
widow survived him until January 19, 1906,
when she passed away at the age of seventy-nine
years, two months and twelve days, in Perry, Pike
county, Illinois. They were the parents of eight
children, four sons and four daughters, of whom
six are now living : Sarah, Mrs. Hake, Cora, Wil-
liam, Charles and Lizzie.

When twenty-one years of age Mr. Hake be-
came a member of Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. &
A. M.. and in his life always exemplified the true
spirit of the craft which is based upon mutual
helpfulness and brotherly kindness. When in
Denver he joined the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows lodge, No. 14, at Denver, Colorado. He
also belonged to the Knights of Pythias lodge in
that city and was a member of the Lutheran
church. His political support was given to the
democracy and he always kept well informed on
the questions and issues of the day. There was no
more loyal or devoted native son of America than
George Hake, who was ever true to his adopted
country, her institutions and her principles. He
came to America with limited capital, but here
found the opportunities he sought and which are

always open to ambitious, determined young men.
He knew that success might be acquired by close
application and indefatigable energy and upon
these qualities he placed his dependence and grad-
ually builded thereon the superstructure of his
success. At all times he enjoyed the confidence
and trust of his fellowmen because his life was in
harmony with honorable principles. He died Sep-
tember I, 1893, respected by all who knew him.
He had been a loyal citizen, a faithful friend and
a devoted husband and his loss comes with great-
est force in his own household. He is still sur-
vived by his widow, who yet resides in Griggs-
ville, where she is held in high esteem by all who
know her.

Mr. and Mrs. Hake became the parents of six
children, of whom three are deceased, as follows :
Minn<e,» dted in Denver at the age of six years ;
•jErnest,' died in infancy, and another died in in-
fancy unnamed" "Those living are George F.,
aged twenty-nine years; Emma Nettie, twenty-
two years ; and William Spencer, aged eighteen
years, all at home.

MRS. MARY A. DOBER.

Mrs. Mary A. Dober, residing on section 26,
Atlas township, where she owns a good farm,
was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 14,
1856, and is the widow of Joseph Dober and a
daughter of Jacob and Gottliebe (Hande) Auer.
Her parents removed from Philadelphia to Pike
county, Illinois, when their daughter was only
three years of age and settled upon a farm in
Kinderhook township, where the father engaged
in the tilling of the soil for about three years.
He then removed to Barry township and settled
upon a farm of one hundred and twenty acres,-
giving his time and energies to the further culti-
vation and development of the property up to the
day of his death, which occurred February 28,
1899. He was born on the 2d of June, 1821, at
Dizchott, Wurtemberg, Germany, while his wife's
birth occurred May 2, 1827, at Bettlinger, Wur-
temberg. They became the parents of thirteen
children, ten daughters and three sons. The liv-

7o6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ing are: Rosina, Charlotte, Mary A., Caroline,
and Jennie. All are married and have families of
their own and reside in Pike county, except Car-
oline.

Mrs. Dober was educated in the Grubb Hol-
low school in Barry township and her girlhood
days were spent under the parental roof. She
met her husband, Joseph Dober, in Pittsfield and
was married there on the I3th of April, 1873,
by Squire Patterson. Mr. Dober was born June
13, 1848, at Oemesbach, Amlobezick, Achern,
Baden, Germany, and was a son of Frank Dober,
who was born at the same place in 1811 and died
there in 1849. He married Helena Boehler and
unto them were born five children, four sons and
a daughter, namely : Nicholas, Antona, Jo-
hanna, Joseph and Frank. After the death of her
first husband the wife and mother married George
Woerner and they became the parents of four
children, three sons and a daughter, as follows:
Michael, Leo, Fred and a daughter who died in
infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Woerner with their chil-
dren emigrated to America, settling in Jackson-
ville, Illinois, where the children .were reared
and educated. Mr. Woerner died in Springfield,
Illinois, and was buried there. His wife pre-
ceded him to the grave and died in Arenzville,
Cass county, Illinois, in June, 1893, when seven-
ty-one years of age, her birth occurring on the
I2th of May, 1822, in Germany in the same place
in which her husband, Frank Dober, was born.

Joseph Dober, spending his boyhood and
youth in his native country, emigrated to Amer-
ica in 1869, locating first in Jacksonville, Illinois,
where he remained for two years, engaged in the
bakery business. In 1871 he came to Pittsfield,
where in partnership with his brother Nicholas,
who conducted a grocery and bakery, so contin-
uing for four years, at the end of which time he
. disposed of his interest to his brother and pur-
chased a farm upon which his widow now resides,
constituting four hundred acres of very valuable
land. He made extensive improvements, build-
ing a neat frame house, where a log dwelling had
formerly stood, the frame structure being erected
at a cost of one thousand dollars. He also built
a fine barn and shed, costing about nine hundred
dollars. Here he engaged in farming and stock-

raising, making a specialty of sheep, and was
thus engaged until the time of his demise.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dober were born seven
children, four sons and three daughters : Adel-
bert, born in Pittsfield, January 27, 1874; Louis
J., born in Pittsfield, November 6, 1875 ; Anna
Dora, born in Pittsfield, January 17, 1880; Harry
A., born in Pittsfield, July 27, 1883; Eta J., born
in Atlas township, January 17, 1889; Francis R.,
born in Atlas township, October 7, 1892 ; and
Joseph Leo, born at the present home place, Au-
gust 14, 1902. Of these all are living with the
exception of Adelbert, who died in infancy, May
29, 1874, and was buried in the West cemetery
at Pittsfield. Louis J. married Estie Fisher and
they have two daughters, Nellie and Flora Do-
ber. Anna Dora is the wife of Walter J. Haynes
and they have a daughter, Lizzie M. Haynes.

Mr. Dober was one of the most prominent
democrats of Pike county, recognized as a leader
in the ranks of his party, while his opinions car-
ried weight in its local councils. He was elected
supervisor of Atlas township for two terms and
served for two terms as road commissioner,
while for twelve years he was a school director,
holding these different offices in Atlas township.
He was likewise secretary and treasurer of the
branch line of the Wabash Railroad extending
between Pittsfield and Maysville, Illinois, occu-
pying the position for about three years. He
was also treasurer for the Sny Island levee drain-
age district of Pike, Adams and Calhoun count-
ties up to the time of his death. He was a close
student of the signs of the times, the demands of
the public and the news of general interest and
his efforts were always of a practical and bene-
ficial nature.

He was also a prominent member of several
fraternal orders. He became a charter member
of Ambrosia lodge, No. 778, I. O. O. F., and he
likewise held membership with the Modern
Woodmen of America, the Mutual Protective
League, the Court of Honor, the Masonic fra-
ternity and the Pike County Mutual Life Asso-
ciation, being in hearty sympathy with the ten-
ets and teachings of these various organizations,
which are based upon mutual helpfulness and
brotherly kindness. Mr. Dober was likewise a

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

707

member of the Congregational church and was
elected as one of its trustees, serving in that ca-
pacity until his death.

For several years prior to his demise he was
in very poor health and finally on the nth of Oc-
tober, 1903, he went to Quincy, Illinois, where
he underwent an operation for appendicitis, and
four days later, on the iSth of October, he died
from the effects of the operation. His remains
were brought back to his home in Atlas, where
the funeral services were held and the great es-
teem, which was so uniformly given him, was
evidenced by the large concourse of friends who
attended the funeral services to pay their last
tribute of respect to him. The Order of Odd
Fellows took charge of the funeral arrangements
and escorted his remains to the Adams and Dus-
tin cemetery near Atlas, where he was laid to
rest, being buried with the rites of the order by
Pittsfield lodge. The keenest sorrow was felt at
his death for he was so universally esteemed and
loved as to make his demise come as a personal
loss to a great many friends. An upright Chris-
tian man he performed every service devolving
upon him faithfully and well promoted by" a love
of his God, his country, his home and his honor.
Mrs. Dober still resides upon the old home farm
in the midst of her children and grandchildren.
This is a valuable property, well improved and
returning to her each year a handsome income,
so that she is now enabled to enjoy all of the com-
forts and manv of the luxuries of life.

CHARLES W. BATLEY.

Charles W. Batley, whose entire life has been
devoted to agricultural pursuits and who is num-
bered among the enterprising and leading farm-
ers of Montezutna township, was born in Fair-
mount township, Pike county, on the 4th of Au-
gust, 1859, his parents being Milton and Eliza-
beth (Walker) Batley. The father was a native
of Scott county, Illinois, born in 1836. while the
mother's birth occurred in this county in 1837.
They were married February 4, 1858, and be-
came the parents of five children : Charles W.,

Ada, Mary, Robert and Maud. Of this number
Ada died at the age of twenty-three years and
Maud died in infancy, the remains of both being
interred in Dorsey cemetery at Perry. Milton
Batley, father of our subject, was a veteran of
the Civil war, enlisting in the Ninety-ninth Illi-
nois Infantry, with which he served throughout
the period of hostilities, taking part with Sher-
man on the march to the sea and participating in
a number of important engagements. He was
wounded at the battle of Black River.

Charles W. Batley, spending his boyhood days
under the parental roof, acquired his education
in the public schools of the county and early be-
came familiar with the best methods of tilling the
soil and caring for the crops. In early manhood
he chose a companion and helpmate for life's
journey, being married on the igth of June, 1884,
to Miss Lizzie Heavner, by whom he has one
son, Archer Leland, born July 14, 1891. Mrs.
Batley is a daughter of James D. and Matilda
(Thomas) Heavner. She was born in Detroit
township, February 19, 1864, and was the third
in a family of seven children, two of whom are
now decased. Her father, who was born in Pike
county, January 7, 1835, and was therefore one
of its honored pioneer settlers, passed away in
Milton, February 2, 1899, at the age of sixty-
four years, while his wife, who was born in Pike
county, February 10, 1839, is still living. They
were married November 4, 1858. Mr. Heavner
was also a soldier of the Civil war, enlisting in
1864 in the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh
Illinois Infantry, and he was wounded in the
battle of Memphis. He was connected with the
pioneer development of the county, being famil-
iar with the work and the incidents which led to
the upbuilding and progress of this section of the
state at an early day as well as with its latter-
day progress and prosperity.

Following his marriage Mr. Batley took up
his abode upon a farm and has devoted his entire
life to general agricultural pursuits, now operat-
ing two hundred and forty acres of land, consti-
tuting a valuable and well improved property.
He has brought his fields under a high state of
cultivation and uses the latest improved machin-
ery in the care of his crops. Both he and his

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

wife are members of the Christian church and
are well known and worthy representatives of
honored pioneer families. Mr. Batley gives his
political allegiance to the republican party and
keeps well informed on the questions and issues
of the day, but has never been a politician in the
sense of office seeking, preferring to devote his
time and energies to his business interests, in
which he is meeting with signal success.

WILLIAM E. PAYNE.

William E. Payne, following the occupation of
farming in Atlas township, was born May 16,
1874, in Derry township, Pike county, his parents
being George and Sarah M. (Stairs) Payne.
The father was born in Derry township, Decem-
ber 29, 1849, which fact indicates that the family
was well established here in early pioneer times.
He followed farming during the greater part of
his life but also engaged in contracting to some
extent. He was married in 1871 to Miss Sarah
Stairs, whose birth occurred in Atlas township
on the I4th of May, 1850. They became the
parents of nine children, seven sons and two
daughters: Frederick O. ; William E. ; John W.,
who died in 1902, at the age of twenty-seven
years ; Arthur E. ; James D. ; George, who died
at the age of sixteen month and was buried in the
Taylor cemetery near 'Eldara ; Clarence O. ; Iva
L. ; and Cecil I. Payne. The parents are both
deceased and were laid to rest in the Rockport
cemetery. The mother died on the I7th of Feb-
ruary, 1895, and the father passed away on
Christmas day of the same year, his grave being
made by her side in the cemetery at Rockport.

William E. Payne was reared to agricultural
pursuits and has followed farming throughout
his entire life. He acquired his education in the
district schools of Atlas and Derry townships
and during the periods of vacation worked in the
fields, so that he early became familiar with the
practical methods of carrying on farm labor. On
the 27th of December, 1897, he was united in
marriage to Miss Xettie M. Hubble, a daughter
of William H. H. and Frances H. (Kyle) Hubble,

both of whom are living. Her father is now a farmer
of Knox county, Missouri, and at the time of the
Civil war he was a soldier of the Union army,
remaining at the front until the close of hostili-
ties. Ten children have been born unto William
H. H. and Frances Hubble, five sons and five
daughters, as follows: Elizabeth A., Nettie M.,
Charles W., George A., Jesse E., Grace B., Nora
A., Lena E., Russell L. and John. Of these
Lena, Russell and John are now deceased and
their remains were interred near Knox City, in
Knox county, Missouri.

The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Payne has been
blessed with two sons and two daughters : Mabel
F., born December 24, 1898; Ray A., who was
born November 16, 1902, and died February 16,
1903 ; Owen E., who was born January 5, 1903,
and died October 9, 1905, his grave being made
in Samuel Taylor cemetery, while Ray was
buried in the Rockport cemetery ; and William
E., who was born July 18, 1905.

In his political views Mr. Payne is an earnest
and stalwart republican but while in thorough
sympathy with his party and its principles he
has never sought office as a reward for party
fealty. He belongs to the Modern Woodmen of
America but his time and attention are chiefly
given to his farm interests, which are capably
conducted, his early experience making him a
practical representative of this line of work in
his native county.

GEORGE WASHINGTON AKERS.

George Washington Akers, who is conducting
the only freighting business in Pearl, was born
in Montgomery county, Virginia, November 9,
1850, upon a farm belonging to his father, Wil-
•liam Akers. The latter on leaving the Old Do-
minion removed with the family to Washington
county, Missouri, settling in the town of Cale-
donia in 1855. There he engaged in general agri-
cultural pursuits until 1861, when he responded
to the country's call for aid, enlisting in Company
I, Third Missouri Volunteer Infantry, under com-
mand of Captain Breckenridge and Colonel

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

709

Whiteley. He served until the close of the war
and took an active part in many of the conspicuous
battles. At the siege of Vicksburg he picked up
the flag and placed it upon the wall after the color
bearer had been shot down. His clothes were
pierced by nine bullets, but he sustained no
wounds. However, he became ill while in the
Service and never fully recovered his health.
His bravery and loyalty were above question and
his interest in the Union cause was manifested
by his unfaltering fidelity. Returning to the old
homestead in Caledonia, his death there occurred,
and he was buried in that locality. Soon after-
ward his wife, with their five children, of whom
our subject was the eldest, removed to Martins-
burg, Pike county, in 1865. She rented a farm a
mile and a half from Martinsburg, where she
lived with her family for four years, the chil-
dren attending school in the neighborhood.
These were: George W., Charles, Monroe,
Maggie and William Akers. The mother now re-
sides in Pearl with her son George at the age of
seventy-six years and was for many years received
a pension from the government because of her
husband's service in the Civil war.

During the residence of the family in Martins-
burg, George W. Akers of this review engaged
in performing many farm duties and from 1869
until 1875 he was employed as a jockey in Pike,
Greene and Calhoun counties and also rode some
famous horses in California for Benjamin Stewart,
the owner of some noted race horses. In 1876
he returned to this county, settling in the village
of Pearl, where he has since resided.

In November of the same year Mr. Akers was
united in marriage to Miss Dora Allen and unto
them were born five children, of whom three are
living: William E., Charles F.and Flora. Of these
William E. Akers married Bertha Cloninger and
they became the parents of one child, Edith M.
Charles F. married Helen Lacy and they became
the parents of one child, Temperance I. Flora
is the wife of William Manhana and has two chil-
dren : Walter R. and Icel E. Manhana. The other
two children of the Akers family were twins and
died at birth and the mother's death also occurred
the same time. On the 7th of November,
1886, Mr. Akers was again married, his second

union being with Lillie May Miller, by whom he
had ten chidren, of whom nine are yet living,
as follows: Arnold, Ina, Sadie C., Raymond L.,
Dicy E., Benjamin, Virden A., Herbert and
Mabel J. The other child died at birth.

Mr. Akers is a member of the Odd Fellows
lodge. No. 125, at Pearl, which he joined upon
its organization in 1891. He has made his own
way in life and is respected by all who know him
for what he has accomplished. Since 1905 he
has conducted a transfer business and is the only
representative of this line in Pearl.

MRS. IZORA A. DEAM.

Mrs. Izora A. Deam, residing on sections 15
and 16, Atlas township, was born January i, 1856,
in Martinsburg township, Pike county, and is the
widow of the late William L. Deam. Her par-
ents were Samuel D. and Anna (Cook) Capps, the
former a native of Missouri and the latter of Ten-
nessee. The father during his infancy was
brought to Martinsburg township, Pike county,
by his parents, Daniel and Elizabeth Capps. The
former was a farmer by occupation, and located on
a tract of land in Martinsburg township, where
he engaged in the tilling of the soil and the culti-
vation of crops up to the time of his death. He
was a very earnest advocate of the cause of tem-
perance, and was often heard upon that subject
upon the lecture platform. He was married twice,
wedding Miss Butler after the death of his first
wife. By the first marriage there were two
children, a daughter and son, and by the second
marriage there were two sons and six daughters.
At his death Daniel Capps was laid to rest in a
grave in Colorado, having gone to that state dur-
ing the gold excitement at Pikes Peak. His first
wife was buried in the Burbridge cemetery near
Martinsburg, Illinois, and his second wife was
laid to rest in the same cemetery.

Samuel Capps, father of Mrs. Deam, was reared
upon the old homestead farm in Martinsburg
township amidpioneerconditionsand surroundings
for the family lived here in early days. He was edu-
cated in the district schools in Martinsburg and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

was a shoemaker by trade. He was only fifteen
years of age at the .time of his father's death, and
he greatly aided his mother in caring for his
younger sisters and brothers, and in attending to
the farm duties. Having reached mature years he
wedded Anna Cook, and they became the parents
of eight children, of whom Mrs. Deam was the
second in order of birth. There were four sons
and four daughters, as follows: Daniel G., Izora
A., Netha A., Clara A., Stephen A., Marcus I.,
Leah Phenia and Samuel D. Of these Daniel,
Stephen, Leah Phenia and Samuel are deceased,
the first three having been buried in the Black
Oak cemetery in Martinsburg township, while
Samuel was laid to rest in the Mason graveyard
near Nebo, Illinois. In the latter part of his life
Samuel D. Capps gave his entire attention to
farming arid stock-raising, and his earnest and
well directed efforts brought to him a good living
and enabled him to provide his family with many
of the comforts of life. His birth occurred May
10, 1829, in Missouri, and he passed away in this
county, April i, 1873, his remains being interred
in Black Oak cemetery. His wife, who was born
January 28, 1832, in Tennessee, now survives
him at the age of seventy-four years and makes
her home in Nebo, Illinois, with her daughter,
Mrs. Clara A. (Capps) Gaw.

Mrs. Deam, spending her girlhood days in her
parents' home, acquired her education in the Black
Oak schoolhouse in her native township, and un-
der her mother's guidance she was trained to
the work of the household, so that she was well
qualified to take charge of a home of her own at
the time of her marriage. On the gth of October,
1879, she wedded William L. Deam, a son of
David W. and Sarah C. (Deal) Deam. His fa-
ther was one of Pike county's prominent farmers
and stock-raisers. He was born January 10, 1831,
in Montgomery county, Ohio, and was a son of
Henry and Susan (Kiser) Deam, also natives of
the Buckeye state. In his early manhood David
W. Deam joined the Order of Odd Fellows and
transferred his membership to Illinois when he
came from Ohio to this state in 1856, but per-
mitted his membership to lapse when sickness
and infirmities of age came upon him. He was
married March 23, 1844, to Miss Sarah Caroline

Deal, the wedding ceremony being performed by
the same minister who had christened him, and
for whom he was named. By this union there
were four children : Mary A., now Mrs. Brock ;
William L. ; Dora B. ; and Warren G. Of the
number Dora died when eighteen years of age,
and Warren G. married Helen Williams, while
William L. married Izora A. Capps. In Febru-
ary, 1902, David Deam suffered a severe attack
of illness, form which he never fully recovered,
remaining in an invalid condition up to the time
of his death, which occurred August 24, 1905.
He is survived by his widow, his daughter, Mrs.
Brock, his son. Warren G. Deam, and his
grandson, Homer D. Deam, a son of our subject,
besides six other grandchildren and Lewis Deam,
a brother, who resides in Dayton, Ohio. His
daughter Dora had died February 24, 1876, and
his son, William L. Deam, on the i6th of April,
1902. David Beam had lived continuously at
his home in Summer Hill from 1867 and in the
years in which he enjoyed good health he ranked
among the prominent citizens of Pike county
and was classed with her representative men.
He was buried in the family lot in the West
cemetery at Pittsfield.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. William L. Deam was bora
but one child, Homer David Deam, whose birth
occurred June 19, 1893, and he now resides with
his mother on the home farm in Atlas township.
The father, William L. Deam, had been educated
in the district schools of Summer Hill, had been
reared to farm life upon his father's place and
had remained at home until he made his first pur-
chase of land of sixty-two acres about 1880. This
tract was situated on section 21, Atlas township.
At .this time he was married, and as his financial
resources increased he added to his property from
time to time until at his death he owned an es-
tate of six hundred acres of very valuable land,
which is now in possession of his widow. Of
this sixty-two acres is very rich and productive
bottom land and the remainder is as good rich
farming land as can be found in Pike county.
William L. Deam was one of the prosperous and
enterprising agriculturists of the county, making
rapid advancement in his business career. Each
step was carefully and thoughtfully made and

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

71 1

after forming his plans he was determined in
their execution. He was never known to misuse
a public trust or betray the confidence of a friend
and it was through honorable, straightforward
business methods that he won his prosperity. In
his political views he was a stalwart republican,
interested in the success of his party and at the
time of his death he was serving as road commis-
sioner of Atlas township. He always stood in
the front rank of those who desired the good and
welfare of the community and was popular with
every one, his friends being almost as numerous
as the number of his acquaintances. In the midst
of a prosperous career and happy home life he
was called to his final rest April 16, 1902, being
then but forty-five years of age, for his birth
had occurred on the 27th of September, 1856.
Mis loss was deeply deplored by many warm
friends as well as his immediate family, the com-
munity mourning the loss of a representative
citizen, his lodges a faithful member and his fam-
ily • a devoted husband and father. He belonged
to the Masonic order, the Modern Woodmen
camp and -the Pike County Mutual Association.
He was laid to rest in the West cemetery at Pitts-
field and his memory is yet cherished by many
who knew him. Mrs. Deam has always lived in
this county, representing old pioneer families,
through her own as well as her husband's rela-
tions. She and her son still reside upon the
farm, which her husband left to her, and Mrs.
Deam has many friends in the county.

NELSON McCANN.

Nelson McCann, a veteran of the Civil war
residing in Rockport, was born in Jackson
county, Ohio, March 17, 1833, and is a son of
James and Polly (Thompson) McCann. The
father was a native of Virginia, where he carried
on business as a planter, but his last days were
spent in White county, Illinois, and his remains
were interred at Carmi, White county. His wife
died when their son Nelson was but three weeks
old and the place of her burial is unknown to him.

When about nine years of age Nelson McCann
was bound out to John Pyles, of White county,

Illinois, previous to his coming to Pike county.
He was to serve until twenty-one years of age,
but he remained with Mr. Pyles only until his
eleventh year, when he ran away and hired out
as a steamboat employe on the Pike No. 9. He
was thus engaged for about three years, after
which he went to Memphis, Tennessee, where
he secured employment on the plantation of Levi
Lorance, with whom he continued for about four
years, being engaged in general work on the
plantation. In 1858 he returned northward,
making his way to Pittsfield, and soon he secured
employment with John Coulter, a farmer, with
whom he remained for nearly three years, or
until after the outbreak of the Civil war.

Mr. McCann had watched with interest the
progress of events in the south and had noted
the dissatisfaction manifested among the slave
holders and resolved that if a blow was struck
to overthrow the Union he would stand for its
defense. Accordingly after the inauguration of
hostilities he enlisted and became a member of
Company B, Third Missouri Volunteer Cavalry
in April, 1862. He then took part in the battles
of Kirkville, Missouri, Moores Mill and various
skirmishes and was mustered out at Macon, Mis-
souri, where he received an honorable discharge
on the 6th of June, 1865, after more than three
year's active connection with the army. At the
end of the war he returned to Rockport and on
account of a wound sustained at Pattersonville,
Missouri, which incapacitated him for further
labor he has largely lived retired since that time,
the government granting him a pension.

In April, 1861, Mr. McCann was united in
marriage to Martha (McMullen) Roan, the
widow of Jacob Roan, of Rockport, Illinois, and
a daughter of John and Lavina McMullen. Unto
them have been born five children : John, de-
ceased : Mary, who is the wife of J. C. Wilson, of
Rockport, and has six children, Ernest, Ida,
Louis, Goldie, Mattie and Hugh Wilson; Hen-
rietta, the wife of W. J. Petty, by whom she has
two children, Maud and Nelson Petty ; General
Francis McCann, who is deceased, and, like his
brother John, was laid to rest in the Taylor
cemeterv near Rockport ; and William McCann,
who married Ida Hilnian and had seven children.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

of whom five are living — Nelson, George, Mary,
Paul and Martha. The two deceased died un-
named in infancy and were buried in the Taylor
cemetery. Mr. McCann of this review now has
thirteen living grandchildren. He and his es-
timable wife reside in Rockport, the former at
the age of seventy-two years and the latter at
the age of seventy-one. They have now traveled
life's journey together for forty-five years, shar-
ing with each other its hardships, its joys, its
adversity and prosperity, its sorrows and its hap-
piness. They are highly esteemed by all who
know them and Mr. McCann is a worthy mem-
ber of the Grand Army of the Republic, thus
maintaining pleasant relationship with his old
army comrades.

WILLIAM H. YOKEM.

William H. Yokem, devoting his attention to
farming in Ross township, is part owner of a
valuable farm of three hundred and twenty acres
of fine bottom land. In the ownership and con-
trol of this property he is associated with his
brothers, J. D. and S. O. Yokem. He was born
in Atlas township, May 30, 1874, a son of Henry
F. and Hattie A. (Weaver) Yokem. The father
.died in October, 1890, and was laid to rest in the
Wells graveyard but the mother is still surviving
and resides at Pleasant Hill with her youngest
son, Solomon O. Yokem. There were five chil-
dren in the family. Zula, who died in infancy and
was buried in the Wells graveyard near Pleasant
Hill ; William H., of this review ; Catherine B. ;
Jesse D. ; and Solomon O.

William H. Yokem acquired his education in
the district schools of Atlas and Ross townships.
He was reared upon his father's farm and as-
sisted him in the work of cultivating the land and
caring for the crops until his eighteenth year, at
which time the father died. He then took charge
of the property, so continuing until his twenty-
fifth year, during which time his grandfather,
William Yokem, died and deeded three hundred
and twenty acres of land to our subject, his two
brothers and his sister. The brothers then pur-

chased the sister's interest and are now the own-
ers of three hundred and twenty acres of land in
Pike county. Mr. Yokem of this review also con-
ducted this farm as well as the home farm up to
the time of his marriage.

On the 24th of December, 1899, occurred the
marriage of William H. Yokem and Miss Jennie
E. Thompson, a daughter of James B. and Mary
L. (Mooney) Thompson. The father is a native
of Pike county, where he has spent his entire life
and at the present is engaged in farm duties on
our subject's farm. He is a member of the Mod-
ern Woodmen camp and the Mutual Protective
League and his political allegiance is given to
the republican party. Unto him and his wife
were born two children, Mrs. Yokem and her sis-
ter Laura, who was born September 23, 1886,
and died April 19, 1893, her remains being in-
terred in the Balls Bluff cemetery near Atlas,
Illinois. The mother, Mrs. Thompson, is a native
of Tennessee and is now making her home in
St. Louis.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Yokem have been born
four children, two sons and two daughters, name-
ly: Solomon, born November 26, 1900; Hallie B.,
born June 14, 1902 ; Mary, December 26, 1903 ;
and Henry, on the 4th of September, 1905.

Politically Mr. Yokem is a republican, who
has always been identified with the party since age
conferred upon him the right of franchise. His
attention has ever been given to his farm work
and his agricultural interests are capably man-
aged, the farm being a valuable property well
improved.

WILLIAM P. SARGENT.

William P. Sargent is one of the old settlers of
Bedford deserving honorable mention in the pages
of Pike county's history. He was born December
31. 1824, in Worcester county, Massachusetts, and
has therefore passed the eighty-first milestone
on life's journey. His parents were William and
Polly (Frost) Sargent. The father was born,
reared and educated in Worcester county, Massa-
chusetts, and afterward turned his attention to

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

farming, devoting his time and energies to that
pursuit for ten years. When his son William P.
was a youth of twelve years he removed with his
family to Illinois, settling at Summer Hill, Pike
county, where he rented a farm, carrying on
general agricultural pursuits in that locality up
to the time of his death, which occurred about
a half mile from Bedford, when he was fifty-
three years of age, his remains being interred in
Bedford cemetery. His wife also died at the
same place and her grave was made by the side of
her husband's remains. She was sixty-three
years of age at the time of her demise.

William P. Sargent acquired his early educa-
tion in the public schools of his native county
and continued his studies in Summer Hill. He
was reared to farm life and in 1856 he went to
Whiteside county, Illinois, where he secured em-
ployment as a farm hand, remaining there for
seven weeks. He was afterward similarly em-
ployed by Elijah Burnham, of Pike county, with
whom he continued for three months, when he
entered the employ of Cyrus H. Chandler, with
whom he remained until 1854. In the meantime
he married Mr. Chandler's daughter, Eliza E.
Chandler, the wedding being celebrated on the
5th of January. 1853. Her great-grandfather,
David Chandler, was at the time of the outbreak
of the Revolutionary war, in Canada. He was
sitting at the breakfast table when a British offi-
cer came and notified him to join the British
ranks or else leave for the United States. He
abruptly quitted the table without finishing his
breakfast and at once came to this country, where
his descendants have since remained as worthy
residents of the United States. The paternal
grandparents of Mrs. Sargent were David and
Hannah (Abbott) Chandler, and the former
built the second saw and grist mill in Pike
county, its location being on Six Mile creek. He
died in 1845. while his wife passed away in 1848,
and both were buried in the Bethel graveyard at
Martinsburg. The parents of Mrs. Sargent were
Silas A. and Laura K. (Coleman) Chandler, who
were married March 5, 1835. Her father was
engaged in milling and farming up to the time of
his death, which occurred when he was fifty-two
years of age. His wife also passed away in

Bedford and was laid to rest by his side in Bed-
ford cemetery. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Silas Chan-
dler were born seven 'children: Harriet E., now
Mrs. Sargent ; David, deceased, who was laid
to rest on the old homestead farm near Summer
Hill ; Josiah C. ; Hannah M., who died and was
buried in Bedford cemetery ; Silas E. ; Mary A.,
whose remains were also interred in Bedford
cemetery; and John W. Chandler.

Following his marriage Mr. Sargent built a
home in Bedford and afterward worked in his
father-in-law's mill there for several years. He
assisted in laying the foundation as well as build-
ing the mill, doing this work in 1852. During
that time he was also a partner in a general mer-
cantile store in Time, so continuing for six
months, after which he sold his interest. He next
turned his attention to flat-boating on the Illinois
river but after two months returned to the mill,
with which he was connected for several years or
until the death of his father-in-law on the 2Oth
of September, 1864. Mr. Sargent then pur-
chased the interests of the other heirs in the mjll
and removed to the old Chandler homestead,
where he and his wife now reside. He gave his
attention to farming and for many years exten-
sively carried on genefal agricultural pursuits.
He has led a life of intense and well directed ac-
tivity and his unfaltering diligence and persever-
ance constitute the secret of his success.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Sargent have been born
nine children: William O., Laura A., Mary E.,
Silas O., Arthur E., Harriet E., Martha E.,
Frank and Sarah O. Of these six have now
passed away and they are mentioned in order of
death as follows: Mary E., Laura A., Silas O.,
Arthur E., Frank and Sarah, all of whom were
laid to rest in the Bedford cemetery. The first
born son. William O. Sargent, was born June
18, 1855. in the house which his father had built
in 1854. The family removed to the old Chan-
dler homestead when he was twelve years of age
and there he was reared. He married Ella A.
Morgan, a daughter of Walter and Catharine
Morgan and they now occupy the old home-
stead which was built by his father. William O.
Sargent has for twelve years been agent for the
Eagle Packet Company, whose boats ply between

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

St. Louis and Peoria. Harriet E. Sargent was
married March n, 1884, to Thompson A. Lan-
dess and they have three children, William A.,
Jessie E., and Gladys A. Their home is two and
a half miles southeast of Milton. Martha E.
Sargent was married December 20, 1898, to John
A. Bauer and they have one child. Their home
is about two and a half miles southeast of Milton
and just across the road from the Landess farm.
Both Mr. and Mrs. Sargent are still living upon
the old Chandler homestead, he having reached
the advanced age of eighty-one years, while his
wife is now sixty-nine years of age. She
is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church
and they are worthy and prominent couple, the
circle of their friends being almost co-extensive
with the circle of their acquaintances. Mr. Sar-
gent is one of the oldest settlers of Bedford and
has witnessed the greater part of the develop-
ment and growth of this county, taking an active
interest in what has been accomplished and sup-
porting in as far as possible every measure which
he has deemed of public benefit.

CHARLES I. RUPERT.

Charles I. Rupert, whose activity in business
has been a potent element in the commercial prog-
ress of. Rockport. is well known as a member
of the firm of Haines, Rupert & Company. He
was born November 6, 1858, in the town where he
yet makes his home, his parents being James D.
and Elizabeth (Applegate) Rupert. His father
was born in Armstrong county, Pennsylvania,
on the i2th of January, 1825, and became a resi-
dent of Pike county in 1838, when but twelve
years of age, accompanying his parents on their
removal to this section of the state. The name
Rupert therefore has been associated with the
history of Pike county through almost seven de-
cades and has always stood as a synonym for
good citizenship and for loyalty to progressive
public measures. His education was obtained
in one of the old-time log schoolhouses and he
afterward learned the blacksmith's trade. In 1850
he crossed the plains to California with the great

tide of emigration that was constantly flowing
westward and working at blacksmithing in Sacra-
mento until 1853, when he again came to Pike
county. In 1854, however, he returned to Cali-
fornia and again followed his trade there for about
a year but in 1855 once more came to Pike county.
Unto him and his wife were born three children :
a daughter who died in infancy unnamed;
Carson X., who died February 26, 1897, and
was buried in the Adams cemetery at Atlas,
Pike county ; and Charles I., of this review. The
wife and mother died when fifty-three years of
age and was also laid to rest in the Adams ceme-
tery at Atlas. Later the father married again,
his second union being with Miss Ellen L. Haines.
who is yet a resident of Rockport. The father,
however, died in this village, nearing his seven-
tieth year and the interment was made in Adams
cemetery.

Charles I. Rupert acquired his preliminary edu-
cation in the public schools of Rockport, and later
entered the Illinois College at Jacksonville, where
he completed the work for the sophomore year.
He was achssmateof Ex-Governor Richard Yates,
of Illinois, and Ex-Congressman Williams, of
Pike county, and William Jennings Bryan was
a student in the college at the same time. After
leaving Jacksonville, Mr. Rupert became a fac-
tor in business life in Rockport as a member of the
mercantile firm of Rupert & Donohoe. This was
formed in 1878, and the relation was maintained
until 1889, at which time a change in the' part-
nership occurred, and the firm style of J. D. Ru-
pert & Son was assumed, our subject becoming a
partner of his father. They carried on business
together until February, 1891, at which time a dis-
astrous fire destroyed their store and its contents,
and the succeeding four years were spent in set-
tling up the business of the firm. On the 8th of
January, 1895, the elder Mr. Rupert died, and
subsequent to his death, Charles I. Rupert pur-
chased an interest in the mercantile store of An-
derson, Taylor & Company, at which time the
name of Anderson, Rupert & Company was as-
sumed, the partners being H. L. Anderson, H.
W. Haines, W. J. Garner and Charles I. Rupert.
The firm continued to do business under that
name until the summer of 1897, when the partner-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ship was dissolved and the business closed out.
At that time Charles I. Rupert entered into part-
nership with his stepmother, Mrs. E. L. Rupert,
and his half-brother, H. W. Haines, the business
being carried on under the firm name of Haines
& Rupert for several years ; but the present firm
style is Haines, Rupert & Company. They carry
a very large line of goods, embracing everything
found in a general store, and their business has
increased year by year until it has assumed quite
extensive proportions. Mr. Rupert also has quite
valuable farm interests, principally in Atlas town-
ship. He has spent his entire life in Rockport
and has taken a deep and helpful interest in every-
thing pertaining to the welfare of his town, county
and state. His co-operation has been a strong,
directing force in many movements for the gen-
eral good. In matters relating to private business
interests and to public concern his views are pene-
trative and practical, and his labors have been a
beneficial and resultant element. Politically he is
a republican, having always affiliated with that
partv.

CHARLES E. THURMON, M. D.

Dr. Charles E. Thurmon is a well known rep-
resentative of the medical fraternity in Milton
and in his practice has advanced beyond medi-
ocrity and become recognized as a capable expo-
nent of the great scientific principles which under-
lie his chosen profession. He was born July 25,
1853, near Milton and is a son of William H> and
Lucy L. (Smith) Thurmon. His father came to
Pike county in the early '403 with his parents
and both Mr. and Mrs! William H. Thurmon
are now living upon the old family homestead
near Milton, his life having been given to agri-
cultural pursuits, his well improved farm being
the visible evidence of his activity and energy in
former years.

Dr. Thurmon was reared to the occupation of
farming and assisted in the labors of field and
meadow until his twentieth year, at which time he
obtained a certificate to teach school. He spent
the following ten years as an instructor in the
country and graded schools of Pike county and

was an able educator, imparting with clearness
and readiness, to others the knowledge that he
had acquired. During the latter part of the dec-
ade he took up the study of medicine under the
instruction of Dr.. Evan Scott, of Time, and
afterward attended a full course of lectures in
Missouri Medical College of St. Louis, Missouri,
and was graduated in the class of 1885. He en-
tered upon the active practice of his profession in
Pearl, Pike county, where he also conducted a
drug store for six and a half years. On the ex-
piration of that period he retired from mercan-
tile life to devote his attention exclusively to his
professional duties and removed to Milton, where
he has since practiced with gratifying success,
having a large and growing patronage. He has
kept in touch with the advancement made by the
medical fraternity and in addition to a large pri-
vate practice he was acting as railroad surgeon
for the Chicago & Alton Railroad during his
residence in Pearl. He was the originator and
proprietor of a tobacco cure that is fast gaining
wide-spread reputation.

Dr. Thurmon was married December 18, 1888,
to Miss Mary B. Hayden and unto them have
been born two children : Charles R., who died in
infancy ; and Edward V. Thurmon, who is living
with his parents in Milton. The Doctor is a mem-
ber of Milton lodge, No. 275, A. F. & A. M., and
also of the Modern Woodmen camp. Of strong
mentalitv and earnest purpose, he has advanced in
his profession until he ranks among the leading
members of the medical fraternity and moreover
by a genial manner, unfailing courtesy and defer-
ence for the opinions of others he has -gained a
wide and favorable social acquaintance.

MRS. EMMA J. BROWN.

Mrs. Emma J. Brown, residing in Atlas town-
ship, was born in Pennsylvania. July 20. 1844,
and is a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Hag-
erty) Lutz. Her parents left the Keystone state
when their daughter was but six years of age,
and made their way direct to Pittsfield. Pike
county. Illinois, where Mrs. Brown was educated.

7i6

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Her father was a carpenter by trade and followed
that pursuit up to a short time prior to his death.
His wife passed away in Pittsfield in 1853 and
was buried in the South cemetery, while Mr.
Lutz departed this life in 1883 in Summer Hill,
and his remains were interred by the side of his
wife's grave.

Emma J. Lutz spent her girlhood days in her
parents' home, and on the 5th of February, 1862,
she gave her hand in marriage in Rockport, Illi-
nois to Roger Sherman Brown, who was born
in Missouri, September i, 1838. He was a Mis-
sissippi river pilot, and made trips mostly between
St. Louis, Missouri, and St. Paul, Minnesota. He
engaged in steamboating up to the time of his
illness, which was terminated in death at Summer
Hill on the 2Qth of June, 1901, his remains being
interred in the cemetery at that place.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Brown had been born seven
children : Sherman H., deceased ; Charles M. ;
Addie May, who has also passed away ; Walter
P. ; Emma M., likewise deceased ; Lizzie B. ; and
W. Robert Brown. Of these Sherman H. died
February 2, 1895, and was buried in Summer
Hill cemetery, while Addie M. passed away Au-
gust II, 1899, and Emma on the 22d of July,
1895. All were interred in Summer Hill ceme-
tery, where the remains of the father were also
kid to rest. Of the surviving children, Lizzie
became the wife of Clarence Wassell, who is a
general merchant of Summer Hill, Illinois. He
was born October 31, 1880, in New Hartford,
Pike county, and is a son of James and Emma
(Bentley) Wassell. His father, a native of Ohio,
is now a farmer of New Hartford, Illinois, and
was there married, since which time he and his
wife have resided in New Hartford. Their son
Clarence was educated in the schools of that town
and in Brown's Business College at Jacksonville,
Illinois. He had previously engaged in teaching
at Stoney Point at the age of .seventeen years. He
left college in 1889, and afterward obtained a
position as profit clerk with the Simmons Hard-
ware Company, of St. Louis, Missouri, with
which he continued for about three and a half
years. Subsequently he opened a general mercan-
tile store in Summer Hill, which he is now con-
ducting, being one of the enterprising and suc-

cessful merchants of that place. Previous to this
time he married Miss Lizzie B. Brown, daughter
of Captain R. S. and- Emma (Lutz) Brown, the
wedding being celebrated on the I5th of De-
cember, 1900. By this union there have been
born two children, a son and daughter: Clar-
ence Dwight, who was born May n, 1902; and
Edna Elizabeth, born August 18, 1905.

Mrs. Brown resides in Summer Hill with her
daughter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. WasseU,
and is deeply interested in her little grandchil-
dren, who contribute much to her happiness.

DAVID A. WILLIAMS.

David A. Williams, the subject of this sketch,
was born in Davidson county, North Carolina,
July 22, 1832. He was a grandson of Dora Wil-
liams, who was a native of North Carolina, a sol-
dier in the Revolutionary war, and a direct lineal
descendant of the Williams family of Virginia,
who came from England many years prior to the
Revolution. John Anderson Williams, the father
of David A., came with his family to Illinois in
the fall of 1834, and settled on section 30 in De-
troit township, Pike county, where he cleared the
land, made a home, and reared his family of ten
children. About 1849 ne purchased a farm ad-
joining the village of Detroit and resided on the
same until 1866, when he removed to Sedalia,
Missouri, where some of his children had pre-
ceded him, and there he spent his last years, dy-
ing in March, 1876.

David A. Williams at an early age began farm-
ing operations for himself and from the outset
was a successful business man and soon became
possessed of a valuable farm, on which he resided
until his retirement from business and removal
to Pittsfield in the fall of 1891, where he lived
until his death, February 13, 1906. His marriage
to Emily A. Hayden, a daughter of Lewis E.
Hayden, of Newburg township, who was a na-
tive of Kentucky, was solemnized May 10, 1854.
To them were born eleven children, three dying
in infancy, the remaining eight are: Mrs. H.
D. Williams; W. E. Williams; Mrs. D. F. Allen,

DAVID A. WILLIAMS

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

719

whose decease occurred August 16, 1905; A.
Clay; David Lawson; Dr. Hugh T. ; Lillian E. ;
and Blanche N. His wife died March 15, 1896,
and ten years later, after four years of failing
health, due to a stroke of paralysis, he passed
away peacefully, surrounded by a devoted family
of children, who mourn the loss of a dutiful and
affectionate father.

By his death the county lost a good citizen ;
one who always stood up boldly for the right as
he saw it. He was a frank, plain-spoken man of
strong character and detested shams and hypoc-
risy wherever found. Public affairs were to him
of great concern, and he always bore his part of
the burden incident to good citizenship and the
early development of the county. He was a
democrat and took an active interest in politics,
believing it to be a duty of every citizen to par-
ticipate and have a voice in all matters affect-
ing the public welfare.

GEORGE W. ROBERTS.

George W. Roberts, one of the oldest native
sons of Pike county, and a resident of Pearl
township, was born in Kinderhook township, De-
cember 25, 1841, and is descended from an old
Virginian family. His paternal grandfather,
George Roberts, was a native of Virginia, as was
his wife, and he removed from the Old Domin-
ion to Kentucky, when the latter state was a vast
wilderness, with savage foes on every hand; and
so numerous were the encounters with the red
men, that the districts became known as "the
dark and bloody ground." He assisted in open-
ing up the wilderness to the advance of civiliza-
tion, and co-operated with Daniel Boone and
other sturdy pioneers in subjugating the coun-
try, repelling the attacks of the savages and plant-
ing the seeds of development and culture there.
He became a resident of the settlement known as
Boonesboro.

Ezekiel Roberts, father of George W. Roberts,
was born in Boone county, Kentucky, where he
remained until seventeen years of age, when he
went to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he served an

apprenticeship to the blacksmith's trade, which
he carried on throughout his active business ca-
reer. He died in Cincinnati, at the age of fifty-
seven years, and his remains were interred there.
He married Alvira Clarke, who died at Kinder-
hook, Pike county, when about forty-eight years
of age. Her mother was born in England and
came to America with her parents before the
Revolutionary war. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Ezekiel
Roberts were born six children, namely: James
D., Elizabeth, Mary, John, George W. and Cath-
erine. All are now deceased with the exception
of George W. and James, the latter a
resident of Carson City, Nevada. He was
one of the gold-miners of California of 1849,
going to the Pacific coast from Kinderhook, and
he is now deputy warden at the penitentiary at
Carson City, Nevada.

GeVge W.-. Roberts, was reared to farm life;
and pursued his; education in the country schools
of Pike county^ where his parents had taken up
their abode about"1 .1.833, being among the earliest
settlers in the county. 'yHe began earning his own
living by working as a farm hand ; and was thus
employed until 1857, when at the age of sixteen
years he became a river man, working on the
steamers, rafts and woodboats for about five years
or until 1862. In that year he was married to
Miss Rowena Albert.

It was not long afterward that Mr. Roberts
enlisted in the Twentieth Illinois Volunteer In-
fantry, which was assigned to the Third Division,
First Brigade, Seventeenth Army Corps, com-
manded by General Frank P. Blair, of Missouri.
He was with General Sherman's army on the
celebrated march to the sea, which proved the
weakness of the Confederacy. He served until
hostilities were ended and was then mustered out
in Chicago, in June, 1865.

Returning to Pearl township, Mr. Roberts was
engaged in merchandising, milling and farming
up to the time of his retirement from active busi-
ness life in 1890. He now lives upon the old
homeplace at Bee creek, and is in possession of n
comfortable competence, which has been acquired
entirely through his own labors. He gave clost
and unremittng attention to his business; and
carefullv directed his work until, as the years

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

passed, he had gained a capital that now enables
him to enjoy a well earned rest.

Mr. Roberts is well known not only in Pike
county but throughout the congressional district ;
and the sterling traits of character, which he has
ever manifested, have made him worthy the re-
spect which is uniformly accorded him. The first
official position he ever filled was that of school
director of district No. 3, in Pearl township, about
1873. He afterward served as constable of the
township for four years, and was next chosen
supervisor, which office he has filled, at various
times, for twelve years. He was township col-
lector for one term, and is assessor of Pearl town-
ship, having been elected in 1905. He has al-
ways affiliated with the democratic party, and is
an ardent supporter of William Jennings Bryan.
His official service has been characterized by un-
questioned loyalty, as is indicated by the fact that
he has been so long retained in office.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Roberts have been born
eight children, all of whom are living, namely :
Josephine, now the wife of T. B. Fisher ; George
E. ; John E. ; Mary ; W. J. ; J. W. ; Florence, now
the wife of J. A. Stillwell,- of Pearl; and Virgil.
Mary is the wife of T. J. Taylor and resides in
St. Louis. The family are a credit to the parents,
the members being widely and favorably known
in Pike county ; and Mr. Roberts, as one of the
honored pioneer residents, public-spirited citi-
zens and reliable business men, well deserves rep-
resentation in this volume.

HENRY JASPER HAMNER.

Henry Jasper Hamner, who follows farming
on section 27, Atlas township, was born in Hardin
township on the 24th of October, 1859, and in his
boyhood was sent to the district schools, and later
continued his studies in Franklin county, Kansas
His parents were Henry and Margaret (Black-
ketter) Hamner. The father is a native of Indi-
ana, having been born near Columbus, that state.
He was reared to the occupation of farming,
which he chose as a life work; and in the early
'405 he came to Pike county, settling in Hardin

township upon one hundred and sixty acres of
good land. With characteristic energy he began
the cultivation and development of this property,
and throughout his entire life carried on the work
of tilling the soil and gathering his crops. He
was married to Miss Margaret Blackketter be-
fore he left Indiana, and ten children were born
unto them, the subject of this review being the
fifth in order of birth. The members of the family
are as follows : Martha J. ; Francis M., deceased,
who was buried in the Rose Hill cemetery near
Nebo, Illinois; Sarah R. ; George W., deceased,
whose remains were interred at Muskogee, In-
dian Territory; Henry Jasper of this review;
Francis T. ; Rosa E., who at her death was laid
to rest in the Ball Bluff cemetery near Atlas, Il-
linois ; Joshua E. ; Thomas W. ; and Lucinda. The
father of Henry J. Hamner died in the forty-
seventh year of his age, and was buried in the
Rose Hill cemetery near Nebo, Illinois. His
wife survives him and resides with her son
Thomas W. Hamner, of Nebo.

Henry J. Hamner of this review spent his boy-
hood days in the usual manner of farm lads, no
event of special importance occurring to vary
the routine of such a life for him. He was mar-
ried on the 22d of July, 1880, to Miss Belle Cline,
a daughter of Taylor M. and Charlotte (Jen-
kins) Cline. Her father was a native of Indi-
ana, and in 1860 emigrated to Pike county, set-
tling in Atlas township, where he engaged in
farming for a year. He then removed to Mis-
souri, where he carried on general agricultural
pursuits for about twelve years. Later he went
to Peoria, Illinois. Subsequently he removed
to Pike county and afterward went to Peoria, in
the Indian Territory, where he still carries on
farming ; and he and his wife make their home in
that place. Their daughter, Mrs. Hamner, was
born in Columbus, Indiana, in June, 1860, and
when twenty years of age gave her hand in .mar-
riage to Mr. Hamner. By this union have been
born five children, three daughters and two sons,
namely : Henry T.. born May 6, 1881 ; Rosa E.,
February 27, 1884; Charles E., November 18,
1889; Edna L., October 8, 1891; and a daugh-
ter who died at birth unnamed, and was buried
in the Petty cemetery near Rockport.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

721

Mr. Hamner came to Atlas without a dollar,
bringing a tent with him and living in it in Jockey
Hollow in Atlas township through the greater
part of one summer. He is truly a self-made
man, acquiring his possessions entirely through
his own efforts. At the present time he is enjoy-
ing a creditable and gratifying measure of pros-
perity, having become the owner of a good tract
of land, which he has placed under a high state
of cultivation, so that he annually harvests good
crops that bring him a very desirable financial
return. He has not allowed himself to become
discouraged and disheartened by any obstacles
or difficulties in his path, but has regarded such
as an impetus for renewed effort; and his in-
defatigable energy has been one of the strongest
• features in his success. In politics he has ever
been a stalwart republican, and fraternally he is
connected with the Modern Woodmen of Ameri-
ica. He now has a large acquaintance in Pike
county ; and no man is more deserving of repre-
sentation in this volume, among its representative
citizens, than Henry Jasper Hamner.

J. H. BILLINGS.

Of the younger men who have won prominence-
in Pike county by reason of superior business
ability, none are more deserving of mention in
this volume than J. H. Billings, a capitalist of
Rockport, who from a humble financial position
has worked his way steadily upward, his business
career being such as any man might be proud to
possess. Characterized by strict adherence to
the rules which govern unfaltering industry and
unabating energy, he has so utilized his oppor-
tunities that he stands today among the most suc-
cessful business men of the western part of Pike
county. He was born in Atlas township, near
Rockport, on the 28th of February, 1864, and is
a son of Samuel and Fannie (Bowman) Billings.
The father was a native of Scott county, Illi-
nois, and became a prominent farmer of Pike
county. In 1884 he removed to Dutch creek,
where he died in 1893, his remains being interred
in the Taylor cemetery, about four miles from

Rockport. His wife survived until March 13,
1903, and died in Louisiana, Missouri, afteY
which her remains were brought back to Pike
county for burial by the side of her husband in
Taylor cemetery.

J. H. Billings is indebted to the country schools
of his native township for the educational privi-
leges he enjoyed. He was reared upon the home
farm, and gave his entire attention to agricultural
pursuits until 1895. In the meantime his earnest
labor had brought him capital sufficient to justify
his purchase of land ; and in the conduct of his
farm he had acquired a handsome competence,
which he saved, sufficient, in the year mentioned,
to enable him to become a factor in the money-
loaning interests of the county. In connection
with other business affairs he became a financial
broker; and he now has at his command twenty
thousand dollars, which he loans out from time
to time on real estate, and chattel mortgages. He
has also for ten years done a note-brokerage busi-
ness, and is the owner of a well cultivated farm
of seventy-eight acres, situated on Dutch creek,
in Atlas township. His property holdings also
embrace two of the best residences in Rockport ;
and his realrestate business interests are the visible
evidence of a life of well directed energy and
thrift. He has been intimately associated in busi-
ness affairs with Dr. J. H. Welch for some years.
They were reared together, being playmates in
their boyhood days ; and a warm friendship has
since existed between them that lias also been
maintained in intimate relations in business af-
fairs. They are now associated together in a
number of business concerns.

On the igth of October, 1904, Mr. Billings was
married to Miss Minnie M. Miller, a daughter
of Newton J. and Julia (Ward) Miller, both of
whom were natives of Pike county, having been
born in Atlas township. The father died in thai
township, near Rockport, April 10, 1891, and was
buried in the West cemetery near Pittsfield. JO!M
Ward, the grandfather of Mrs. Billings, was a
native of Ohio, and came to Pike county in 1844.
He cast in his lot with the early settlers of Atlas
township, where he followed the occupation of
farming for many years. He died in that town-
ship near Rockport, and his remains were in-

722

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

terred in the Hornback cemetery, in Derry town-
ship. His wife, Mrs. Rhoda Ward, was also a
native of Ohio, and died at the age of seventy-five
years on the same farm on which her husband's
death occurred, her remains being then interred
by his side.

In his political views Mr. Billings is an earnest
republican, having supported the party since at-
taining his majority. He belongs to the Masonic
fraternity and the Modern Woodmen camp, and
is popular in both organizations. His life is a
splendid illustration of what may be accomplished
through energy, determination and laudable am-
bition. In early manhood he worked for eight
years for William H. Gay, being employed by
the month at a salary of from thirteen to twenty-
four dollars per month. By the careful husband-
ing of his resources and his sound business judg-
ment, supplementing his unfaltering industry he
stands today among the capitalists of the county,
and is an honored representative of its financial
interests.

JAMES H. WELCH, M. D.

Dr. James H. Welch, physician and surgeon at
Rockport, was born in Louisville, Kentucky, Sep-
tember 15, 1868. The family in America came
originally from Ireland, the grandfather of Dr.
Welch emigrating from the Green Isle of Erin
to Bullitt county, Kentucky. Samuel Welch, his
son and the father of Dr. Welch, was born in
Bullitt county, and on attaining man's estate was
married to a childhood's playmate, Miss Clemma
McNutt, also a native of that county. He, too,
was a physician of superior capability and learn-
ing. Removing from Kentucky to Audrain
county, Missouri, he was one of its earliest and
most prominent practitioners.

Dr. James H. Welch, spending his boyhood
days in his parents' home, supplemented his early
•educational privileges by a partial classical course
in the public schools of Louisville, Kentucky, and
was graduated from the high school at Ladclonia,
Missouri, in 1885. He further continued his stu-
dies in Lewis College in Glasgow, Missouri, in
1887, there pursuing a classical course. In the

same year he took up the study of medicine. He
may have been influenced concerning his choice
of a profession by inherited tendency, by environ-
ment or by natural predilection. At all events, it
seems that the choice which he made for a life
work was a very wise one, as he is well adapted
for professional services in this capacity and has
won creditable success. In 1888 he entered the
Central University Hospital College of Medicine
at Louisville, from which he was graduated in the
class of 1891, the commencement exercises being
held on the I7th of June of that year. A year
prior to his graduation he had also attended Ma-
rion Sims Medical College at St. Louis, Mis-
souri, and was likewise graduated from that in-
stitution in 1891.

Entering upon the practice of medicine in Vic-
tor, Missouri, Dr. Welch remained there for six
months and in 1892 came to Rockport, where he
has since remained in active practice. He is prac-
tically a self-made man, for although he received
some aid from his father in his college course, he
afterward repaid him and therefore he owes his
professional knowledge to his own industry and
laudable ambition. Since becoming an active
representative of the medical fraternity, he has
made continued advancement, for he possesses
a nature that could never content itself with me-
diocrity. He has constantly endeavored to pro-
mote his efficiency and knowledge of the science
of medicine, and has won the esteem and respect
of his brethren of the fraternity as well as of the
general public.

Dr. Welch was married in 1892 to Miss Mollie
Donbhoe, a daughter of Philip and Phila Dono-
hoe. There were two children born of this mar-
riage, 'Phila D. and Samuel P. The wife and
mother died December 9, 1899, and was buried in
the Taylor cemetery near Rockport. On the I4th
of February, 1903, Dr. Welch wedded Miss
Maud Harris, of Atlas, Illinois, and they enjoy
the favorable regard of many friends in the com-
munity in which they reside. Dr. Welch has an
extensive practice in Atlas township, and
other parts of the county. He possesses
a genial, cordial nature which renders him
a companionable gentleman ; and his cheery
presence is a valuable supplement to his profes-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

723

sional skill in the sickroom. A gentleman of
broad, general reading, as well as professional
knowledge he keeps informed on all the ques-
tions of interest of the day ; and his salient char-
acteristics bear the stamp of "sterling."

FREDERICK H. FARRAND.

Frederick H. Farrand, a well known repre-
sentative of the banking business in Griggsville,
being the cashier of the Illinois Valley Bank, was
born in this city, April 24, 1871, and is a repre-
sentative in the eighth generation of the descend-
ants of Nathaniel Farrand, the progenitor of the
family in America, who in 1645 became a resi-
dent of Milford, Connecticut. At a more remote
period the Farrands were a French Huguenot fam-
ily, whose estates were forfeited in the persecu-
tions of the sixteenth and early part of the sev-
enteenth centuries. Some of the family, escap-
ing from France, appear to have settled in Eng-
land on the border of Wales, while others went
to the north of Ireland ; and it is believed that the
Farrand family as represented in the line from
which our subject springs, came from the branch
that was established in Ireland. In France the
name was sometimes spelled Ferrand. Nathaniel
Farrand. the progenitor, was the father of Na-
thaniel Farrand, second, and grandfather of Sam-
uel Farrand, who toward the close of the seven-
teenth century settled in Newark, New Jersey.
His son, Ebenezer Farrand, lived in Bloomfield,
New Jersey, and became the father of Bethuel
Farrand, who enlisted with the New Jersey pro-
vincial troops and held a commission as lieuten-
ant, with which rank he commanded a company in
the Revolutionary war. He lived in Parsippany,
Morris county, New Jersey, and his wife was
Rhoda (Smith) Farrand. Their son, Samuel Far-
rand, settled in Michigan in 1835, and with his
son shared in the hardships of frontier life there.

Elbridge Gerry Farrand, son of Samuel Far-
rand and father of our subject, was born in
Bridgeport, Vermont, November 12, 1814, and
died on the ist of May, 1885. He married Eliza-
beth McWilliams, whose birth occurred at Scotch
Ridge, Belmont county, Ohio, July 3, 1827, and

she passed away on the 23d of January, 1903.
An extended account of the parents is given in
connection with the sketch of James A. Farrand
on another page of this work.

Frederick H. Farrand, spending his boyhood
days under the parental roof, acquired his early
education in the public schools of Griggsville,
and afterward was given an opportunity of at-
tending the State University of Illinois at Cham-
paign. In 1892 he became a factor in commercial
circles in Griggsville, dealing in hardware. He
conducted his store for about nine years or until
1901, when he sold out and in the following year
joined his brother, James A., in the banking busi-
ness, establishing the Illinois Valley Bank. He
has since been its cashier, and has been active in
its management. Already the bank has become
a strong financial institution of the county, and
has secured a gratifying patronage.

On the 4th of October, 1893, Frederick H.
Farrand was united in marriage to Miss Anna-
bel Parker, the wedding being celebrated at her
home in Griggsville by the Rev..Poe, pastor of the
Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Farrand was
born April 16, 1870, a daughter of Colonel Ed-
gar and Emily (Shinn) Parker, who were mar-
ried October 8, 1850. Her father was born in
Ypsilanti, Michigan, April 17, 1830, while the
mother's birth occurred in Griggsville on the 5th
of February, 1834. Mr. Parker came to Pike
county in 1844 with his parents. He acquired
a public-school education, and in 1848 he went
to California. Following his return he was mar-
ried and then gave his attention to agricultural
pursuits. He has followed the business of an
auctioneer for over forty years, and has gained
a very wide and favorable acquaintance in this
connection^ He belongs to Griggsville lodge, No.
45, A. F. & A. M., being today the oldest living
member of that organization. He also belongs
to the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he has
served as one of the trustees for many years, and
in his political allegiance he is a stalwart repub-
lican. There are few residents of Pike county
who do not know Mr. Parker, and everywhere he
is held in high esteem for his genuine worth, his
genial disposition and his pleasant manner. His
wife died November 4, 1881. In their family were

724

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

four children, three sons and a daughter: J.
Fred,, who was born June 30, 1857, and is en-
gaged, in the drug business in New London, Mis-
souri; Thomas O., who was born May 12, 1861,
and died March 28, 1893; Lewis W., who was
born May 18, 1866, and is engaged in farming
in this township; and Annabel, born April 16,
1870, now the wife of Mr. Farrand. Unto this
marriage have been born two sons and a daugh-
ter : Ralph P., born January 26, 1895 ; Elbridge,
Kitchel, November 15, 1898; and Emily Eliza-
beth, born December 31, 1900. Mrs. Farrand is
eligible to membership in the society of the
Daughters of the American Revolution. Mr.
Farrand belongs to Griggsville lodge, No. 45,
A. F. & A. M., in which he has served as master
for twelve years, filling the position at the pres-
ent time. In politics he is a republican, and. for
four years has been alderman of Griggsville. He
is a worthy representative of a prominent pio-
neer family, the- name of Farrand having been
closely and honorably associated with the develop-
ment, progress and upbuilding of Pike county for
many decades. He has fully sustained the excel-
lent reputation always borne by its members, and
is today a leading business man of Griggsville,
who, in the midst of a busy life, also finds time
and opportunity to aid in the promotion of those
measures which are calculated to prove of general
good.

DAVID SMITH.

Divid Smith, a veteran of the Civil war, and a
representative farmer of Montezuma township,
where he owns and operates one hundred and
forty-three acres of good land, was born in High-
land county, Ohio, April 4, 1846, and is a son of
William and Angelina (Landess) Smith. The
father was a farmer by occupation, his death oc-
curing in Highland county when he was about
sixty-five years of age. His wife died in the same
county at the advanced age of eighty-six years.

David Smith was reared upon his father's
farm and pursued his education in the country
schools of Highland county. He remained at
home until 1864, when at the age of eighteen

years he responded to the country's call for troops,
enlisting for three years' service in the Second
Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, with which he was con-
nected until the close of the war. He took part
in the battles of the Shenandoah valley, of Win-
chester, Petersburg and others of lesser impor-
tance. He was with Sheridan on his famous raid
through the Shenandoah valley, after which he
returned to the lines and two days later the regi-
ment received re-inforcements and horses and
made the attempt to get to Richmond. They tore
up a part of the railroad track to Richmond, but
before the work of demolition was accomplished
the city surrendered, and Mr. Smith and his
company passed through Richmond and saw the
house in which Jefferson Davis lived. Mr. Smith
became ill and was sent to a hospital in Cincinnati,
where he remained until his discharge in July,
1865, following the close of the war. He made a
creditable military record as a brave and loyal
soldier, displaying valor equal to that of many
a veteran of twice his years.

After the war Mr. Smith resumed farming
upon the old homestead in Ohio, where he re-
mained until November, 1867, when he came to
Pike county and settled in Mostezuma township,
where he has since followed farming. He now
owns one hundred and forty-three acres of rich
and productive land, which he devotes to general
farming, and he annually harvests good crops
which bring him a gratifying financial return.

On the 20th of February, 1870, Mr. Smith was
united in marriage to Miss Mary Sweat, a daugh-
ter of John and Rachel Sweat. Five children have
been born of this marriage, of whom three are yet
living: Ivy Jane, John W. and Laura L. Smith.
Those deceased are Elmer, who was born in 1871
and died in 1875; and Augustus, who died at
birth. In 1894 Mr. Smith was called upon to
mourn the loss of his wife, who passed away on
the i4th of October, of that year, her remains
being interred at Blue River, near the village
of Detroit. Her loss was deeply regretted by
many friends as well as her immediate family, be-
cause she displayed sterling qualities that en-
cleared her to all with whom she was associated.
Mr. Smith owes his success entirely to his well
directed and earnest efforts. He has worked per-

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

725

sistently and energetically as the years have gone
by, and has acquired a good property, which in its
neat and thrifty appearance indicates his careful
supervision. Moreover in citizenship he is as
true and loyal as when he followed the stars and
stripes upon the battle-fields of the south.

CHARLES HALL.

Charles Hall, residing on section 34, Pearl
township, has devoted his entire life to farming,-
and is an energetic, practical and progressive ag-
riculturist. He was born November 6, 1872, in
this county, Tiis parents being Robert and Mary
(Roberts) Hall. The father was a Kentuckian by
birth, his natal year being 1821. He remained in
Kentucky through the period of his minority, was
reared to farm life and devoted his attention to
the work of the fields until his removal to Belle-
view, Calhoun county, Illinois, where he again
engaged in farming for about five years. On the
expiration of that period he took up his abode
on Bee creek, in Pike county, where he carried
on general farming until his death, which oc-
curred when he was sixty-four years of age, pass-
ing away in 1885. His wife was born in Inde-
pendence, Missouri, July 14, 1834, and gave her
hand in marriage to Robert Hall on the 2ist of
March, 1854, the wedding being celebrated in
Belleview, Calhoun county, Illinois. They be-
came the parents of eight children, seven sons
and one daughter, of whom Charles was the
youngest. All are now living with the exception
of James R., who died March 21, 1877, an^ Wil-
liam T., whose death occurred on the 2pth of De-
cember, 1893. Those who still survive are: Ed-
ward, George W., Frances E., John S., Lewis
A. and Charles. The mother, Mrs. Mary Hall,
died at the home of her son Charles November 9,
1904, when seventy years of age.

The birth of Charles Hall occurred in Belle-
view, Illinois, and he was reared upon his father's
farm, acquiring his education in the country
schools of Pike county. When fourteen years of
age he began farming on his own account, and has
devoted his entire life to general agricultural

pursuits. He has always advanced, never mak-
ing a backward step in his business career ; and
he is recognized as an energetic and leading agri-
culturist of his community. At the time of his
father's death he took charge of the old home
farm, comprising one hundred and sixty acres of
as valuable and productive land as can be found in
Pike county. Forty acres of this is covered with
timber, mostly hard wood, including ash, oak
and walnut. The remainder is under cultivation ;
and the fields are richly tilled, producing excel-
lent crops.

Charles Hall was married April 22, 1896, to
Miss Nervia Hahn, a daughter of Henry and
Martha (Draper) Hahn. Her people were na-
tives of New York and her ancestors were among
the early Dutch settlers there. Unto Mr. and
Mrs. Hall have been born two daughters and a
son: Pauline, born May 14, 1897; Anelda, born
August 18, 1900; and Hulbert, October 8, 1903.
The parents are members of the Christian church,
and are most estimable people, enjoying the
friendly regard of all with whom they have
come in contact. Mr. Hall has spent almost his
entire life in this county, and has made a credit-
able record in business, winning advancement
through his close application and diligence.

WARREN DOYLE.

Warren Doyle, a farmer and stock-raiser of
Spring Creek township, is a self-made man, the
analyzation of his life record showing that he has
been dependent upon his own resources for all that
he possesses; and, that earnest, persistent effort
has been the dominant element in his career. He
was born in Hardin township, July 22, 1872, and
has spent his entire life in Pike county. His
parents were also natives of this county; and the
father is still living, but the mother passed away
on the 6th of June, 1905.

Mr. Doyle, of this review, is indebted to the
public-school system of the county for the educa-
tional privileges which he enjoyed in his youth.
His attendance at school was alternated by his la-
bors on the home farm through the summer

726

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

months, while his studies were pursued in the
winter seasons. He has worked earnestly and per-
sistently, early developing self-reliance and force
of character that have enabled him to surmount
all the difficulties and obstacles in his path. He
is now the owner of two hundred acres of land,
which he is carefully cultivating in order to bring
it up to the highest possible state of productive-
ness, his principal crops being wheat and corn.
Cattle and horses and hogs are also raised ; and
he can accommodate during the winter thirty-five
head of cattle and seven horses, having large
barns and sheds upon his place.

On the 29th of October, 1897, Mr. Doyle was
united in marriage to Miss Elsie Smith, a daugh-
ter of George and Mary (Phegley) Smith. She
was born in this county, November 9, 1874, and
by her marriage has become the mother of four
children, namely : Mabel, Eula, Virgil and Euna
Doyle.

In his political views Mr. Doyle has always
been a democrat, but without aspiration for of-
fice, having found his time fully occupied with
the management of his business affairs, and his
close application and energy constitute the basic
elements in his prosperity. He leads an active
and busy life; and the sure rewards of labor
are his.

ELMER SMITH.

Elmer Smith, devoting his life to general farm-
ing, was born June 30, 1878, in Spring Creek
township, and it is in this township that he is now
carrying on his business interests. He is a son
of George and Mary (Phegley) Smith. The
father, also a native of Pike county, was a farmer
by occupation, following that pursuit in order to
provide for his family. He died in Spring Creek
township, January 25, 1891, while his wife sur-
vived until January 12. 1893. In their family
were six children, three sons and three daughters :
Elsie, the wife of Warren Doyle, who is repre-
sented elsewhere in this work ; Melvin, who mar-
ried Laura Ballenger ; Elmer, of this review ; Ella,
the wife of Alvin Bunn; Clema; and Oscar, who
married Verna Bobo.

Elmer Smith, at the usual age, entered the com-
mon schools near his father's home, and therein
pursued his education. He was also trained to
farm labor upon the old homestead. At his fa-
ther's death he was only thirteen years of age, and
was left an orphan at at the age of fifteen years.
His brother-in-law, Warren Doyle, purchased the
interests of the heirs in the old family homestead,
and after holding the property for a time, sold it
to our subject, who now has sixty acres of land
here under a high state of cultivation. He an-
nually harvests good crops of corn and wheat,
and he has a well improved property, which he is
improving as the years go by, and which in its
neat and thrifty appearance indicates the careful
supervision of a painstaking owner. His political
views accord with republican principles. He is
wellx known in the community where his entire
life has been passed and is best liked where best
known.

N. A. THORNTON.

N. A. Thornton, an attorney-at-law and police
magistrate at Milton, was born in Detroit town-
ship, Pike county, December 25, 1839. He is a
son of Larkin and Polly (Allen) Thornton, who
were among the early settlers of Warren county,
Kentucky. The paternal grandparents of Mr.
Thornton were Aaron and Sarah (Evans) Thorn-
ton, who settled in Warren county, Kentucky,
about 1800, and afterward removed to Pike
county, Illinois, becoming pioneer residents of
this locality. They contributed to the early de-
velopment and progress of the community, and
continued residents of Pike county up to the time
of their death. The maternal grandparents of
Mr. Thornton were Zachariahand Dinah (Boone)
Allen, who became residents of Boone county,
Kentucky, when that state was a vast wilderness
inhabited mostly by Indians, who were so hostile
that the white settlers were obliged to live in
block houses and to be constantly alert in order
to protect themselves from the invasions of the
red men. The grandmother, Dinah Boone Allen,
was a niece of the noted hunter and explorer,
Daniel Boone, who was the first to visit Kentucky

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

727

and make extensive explorations there. With her
uncle and with his brother, Jonathan Boone,
and his brother-in-law, Air. Galloway, she left
Virginia at the age of seventeen years, the family
home being established in the neighborhood
wherein Daniel Boone achieved world-wide fame,
contributing so greatly to the world's history by
his explorations in the Blue Grass state. It was
Jonathan Boone and his wife who were the par-
ents of Daniel Boone. In Kentucky she became
the wife of Zachariah Allen. John Thornton
and his wife, great-grandparents of our subject
in the paternal line, became pioneer settlers in
Texas, removing from North Carolina and Vir-
ginia to the Lone Star state, living there under
the rule of Governor Samuel Houston when Texas
was a separate republic under its own flag, and
became known by the name of the Lone Star
state, which has since clung to it. Zachariah Al-
len, the maternal grandfather, was a Revolution-
ary soldier, who served for seven years in the war
for independence. He died in Pike county near
Milton, and was buried in what is now known
as the French cemetery near the town.

Mr. Thornton has spent his entire life in this
county, pursued his education in the public
schools, and prepared for the practice of law, to
which he has given his attention for a number of
years. He has also served as justice of the peace
in Detroit township for twelve years.

JOHN J. BROWNING.

John J. Browning, an honored veteran of the
Civil war, now belonging to Hayes post, No.
477, G. A. R., of Summer Hill, Illinois, was
born in Bracken county, Kentucky, December 13,
1838. When he was but fifteen years of age he
was taken to Palmyra, Marion county, Missouri,
by his parents, Andrew and Alice (Chick)
Browning, both of whom were natives of Bracken
county. The father learned the distiller's trade
and was employed in his grandfather's distillery
up to the time he removed to Missouri, where he
engaged in freighting prior to the advent of rail-
roads. He took up his abode in that state in 1840,

and continued to make his home there for some
time ; but afterward returned to Kentucky, where
he died in 1853. His wife long survived him
and passed away in her ninetieth year, her remains
being interred hi Shelby county, Missouri.

John J. Browning was reared in the usual man-
ner of lads in a country town, and he acquired
his education in Palmyra, Missouri. The first
money he ever earned was secured by assisting
in a livery business, in which he continued for
about six years. In 1856 he came to Atlas town-
ship, Pike county, and secured employment as a
farm hand with William Dustin, a farmer of At-
las township, with whom he remained for two
years. He afterward began working for Henry
H. Yokem, continuing upon his farm until 1860,
at which time he went to Pittsfield, remaining
there until the I7th of August, 1861. His pa-
triotic spirit being aroused by the attempt of the
south to overthrow the Union caused him to offer
his services to his country and he was sworn
into the Union army at Camp Butler, Illinois, be-
coming a member of Company B, Twenty-eighth
Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he re-
mained for three years. During this period he
participated in the battle of Fort Harmon, Ten-
nessee, and the engagements at Shiloh, Corinth,
Davis Bridge, Holly Springs, the siege of Vicks-
burg, the battle of Jackson, Mississippi, and af-
terward returned to Vicksburg. Later he was in
the engagement at Natchez, Mississippi, and then
went with his regiment to Harrisburg, Louisiana,
but the enemy evacuated before the arrival of the
Union troops, so Mr. Browning, with his com-
mand, returned to Natchez and then went to the
Big Black River, nine miles from Vicksburg,
where the regiment went into camp for the win-
ter. When spring came they marched back to
Vicksburg and embarked for Cairo, Illinois, where
the Seventeenth Army Corps joined McPher-
son's command and was reorganized. They took
passage on steamboats going to Savannah, Ten-
nessee, and marched to Kingston, Alabama, where
Mr. Browning and his corps overtook Sherman's
command and under the guidance of that bril-
liant military leader engaged in the battle of At-
lanta. At that time his term of service having
expired, Mr. Browning returned to Springfield,

728

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

Illinois, and was mustered out of service on the
26th of August, 1864. After the battle of Shiloh
he was detailed from his regiment for detached
service. When his term of enlistment had expired
he returned to his home in Pike county, Illinois ;
but the war was still raging, and he could not
content himself to remain in the village while the
safety of his country was imperiled, and on the
1 2th of October, 1864, he again enlisted, this time
for one year's service, as a member of Company
A, Thirty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He
started to the front, but was delayed on account
of illness, and did not reach his command in Ra-
leigh, North Carolina, until the time of the sur-
render of General Joe Johnston. With his com-
mand he went to Washington, D. C., and took
part in the grand review, the most celebrated mili-
tary pageant ever seen on the western hemisphere.
Not long afterward he became ill and was finally
discharged August 2, 1865.

Mr. Browning then returned to Pike county
and took up his old occupation as a farm hand
with Mr. Yokem, continuing with him for a short
period. On the I4th of September, 1865, how-
ever, he completed arrangements for having a
home of his own by his marriage to Miss Mar-
garet J. Dunaven, a daughter of James Duna-
ven, of Virginia. His wife died August 6, 1866,
and their only child, a daughter, died in infancy.
On the 8th of April, 1868, Mr. Browning was
again married, his second union being with Sarah
T. Dunaven, a sister of his first wife. She died
April 8th, 1869, and their son died at birth. On
the ist of June, 1869, Mr. Browning wedded
Miss Sarah A. Carr, a daughter of John and Eliz-
abeth Carr, and unto this union were born nine
children, six sons and three daughters : Huey,
born January 30, 1871 ; Fred K., born January 6,
1873 ; Elsie E., January 8, 1875 ; Mary J., Octo-
ber 24, 1876; William R., August 6, 1878; Ho-
mer C, May 24, 1880; Stella E., December 27,
1882; Nathan M., March 26, 1884; and Ernie,
March 19, 1886. All are yet living but the
mother, Mrs. Sarah A. Browning, passed away
February 14, 1888. Mr. Browning has since
married Mrs. Eliza Johnson, nee Waters, the
widow of James S. Johnson. Her husband was a
Civil war veteran, enlisting on the i8th of Febru-

ary, 1865, and was discharged from service at
Louisville, Kentucky, July 9, 1865.

Politically Mr. Browning is a stalwart repub-
lican, never faltering in his allegiance to -the
party since casting his first presidential vote for
Abraham Lincoln in 1860. In an active buiness
career he has depended entirely upon his own re-
sources and labors and has justly won the proud
American title of a self-made man.

JON W. BALLENGER.

Jon W. Ballenger operates one of the best farms
in Spring Creek township. He was born Octo-
ber 3, 1843, in Kenton county, Kentucky, and is
a son of Benjamin and Mary (Lipscomb) Bal-
lenger. The parents were natives of Kenton
county, Kentucky, and the father engaged in the
butchering business for a short time in Coving-
ton, that state, after which he removed to Pike
county, Illinois, settling in Pittsfield, where he
conducted a meat market throughout almost the
remainder of his active business career. However,
about two years prior to his death he retired from
butchering and engaged in farming. His death
was occasioned by accident, his team running off
while he was stacking wheat. He was born Sep-
tember 10, 1819, and was killed when sixty-two
years of age. His wife died in Kentucky in 1849.

Jon W. Ballenger was educated in the public
schools of Pittsfield, Illinois, and entered busi-
ness life as an employe in his father's butcher
shop, in which he continued until the business
was closed out. He afterward turned his atten-
tion to farming, and later he engaged in general
agricultural pursuits and in butchering. How-
ever, in 1885 he retired altogether from the latter
trade, and has since given his undivided atten-
tion to general agricultural pursuits. He now
operates one of the best farms in Spring Creek
township, and has made excellent improvements
upon it since he rented it. He has about forty-
five head of cattle and fifty head of hogs ; and in
addition to raising stock, he makes a specialty of
the production of corn.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

729

Mr. Ballenger has been married twice. He
first wedded Miss Deborah Dow, a daughter of
William and Sallie Dow, and unto them were
born two children, a son and a daughter, Wil-
liam and Sallie Ballenger. The latter is the wife
of Reuben O'Donnell, and they reside in Shel-
bina, Missouri. William Ballenger married Flor-
ence Judd, and they make their home in Staun-
ton, Illinois. The wife and mother died in Wil-
son county, Kansas, in 1871. He afterward mar-
ried again, his second union being with Virginia
Chappell, who was born May n, 1853, and is a
daughter of Hiram and Polly Chappell. Of this
union there were born the following children :
Annie, born September 8, 1874; Laura, Septem-
ber 28, 1876; Hiram E., December 18, 1879;
James C., January 28, 1881 ; Charlie F., who was
born November 21, 1883, and died when a year
old ; Nellie, born November 22, 1885 ; Alva, Feb-
ruary 5, 1889; Virgil C., October 31, 1898; and
Walter F., January 26, 1894.

In his political views Mr. Ballenger is a demo-
crat, and has always affiliated with that party. He
has not time nor inclination for office, however,
but devotes his entire attention to his farming
interests, which are capably conducted. He is
operating one of the best farms in Spring Creek
township, and his labors are bringing him a good
financial return.

CHARLES BILLINGS.

Charles Billings is a representative of com-
mercial interests at Rockport, where he is en-
gaged in the drug business. He also has the rural
mail route of Rockport, and is a well known citi-
zen of this part of the county. His birth oc-
curred on the nth of March, 1868, in Atlas town-
ship, his parents being Richard and Mahala J.
(Payne) Billings. The father is a native of
Hamilton county, Illinois, and for more than
forty years has been living in Atlas and Derry
townships, Pike county, his time and attention
being given to farming. He now makes his home
in Rockport ; and there, on the 7th of September,
1905, he was called upon to mourn the loss of
his wife, who was laid to rest in Taylor cemetery.

Upon his father's farm Charles Billings was

reared; and his education was acquired in the
country schools of the Taylor district and at
Rockport. Between the ages of fourteen and
twenty-one years he worked at farm labor, being
in the employ of one man for three years. After
he had attained his majority, wishing that his
work might more directly benefit himself, he
rented a farm in Derry township, where he car-
ried on general agricultural pursuits for five
years and later he followed the same calling in
Atlas township. In 1902, however, he disposed
of his agricultural interests in Pike county and
removed to Pueblo, Colorado, where he was em-
ployed in a steel works for a short time, and in
a lumberyard for two and a half months. On the
expiration of that period he returned to Atlas
township, where he resumed farming ; but after
a brief period he gave up farm life altogether and
engaged in buying and shipping wheat for the
firm of Haines, Rupert & Company, which he
represented until the fall of 1902. He then ac-
cepted a position as clerk in the large general
store owned by that firm, and so continued until
May, 1903, On the 22d of the same month he
purchased the stock of drugs, stationery, paints,
oils and tobacco from the firm of Miller & Gar-
ner, and together with his sister, Miss Susie M.
Billings, has since conducted the business, his
sister becoming a partner in September, 1904.
They carry a large and well selected line of goods
and are now enjoying a large and growing trade.
Mr. Billings is also a stockholder in the Rock-
port Percheron Horse Company, and is agent for
the American Insurance Company of Newark,
New Jersey. He has filled a number of public
offices, acting as clerk in the postoffice in con-
nection with the management of his mercantile
interests for a year and a half. He then took a
civil service examination for rural mail-carrier
at Pittsfield, passing at a grade of eighty-nine and
five-eighths per cent in all the questions asked.
He received the appointment and entered upon
the discharge of his duties October I, 1904.

On the 5th of October, 1905, was celebrated the
marriage of Mr. Billings and Miss Georgiana
Pryor, a daughter of George and Fanny Pryor,
of Rockport, Illinois. Her parents are both de-
ceased. Politically Mr. Billings is a republican,
and has always taken an active interest in the

730

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

work of the party. He is also a member of the
Masonic fraternity, affiliated with lodge No. 830,
at Rockport, and he likewise belongs to the Modern
Woodmen camp. He is in the best sense of the
term one of Pike county's self-made men, and has
early in life established a good business and won
for himself a creditable position in trade circles,
so that it is safe to predict for him a still more
prosperous future.

CHARLES A. CHARLTON.

Charles A. Charlton, a veteran of the Civil
war and an enterprising farmer living on section
I, Belleview township, Calhoun county, near the
Pike county line, and who at one time made his
home in Pike county, was born in Martinsburg
township on the I3th of January, 1847, represent-
ing one of the pioneer families of this part of the
state. He was reared to farm life, pursued his
education in the early district schools ; and when
not occupied with his text-books gave his at-
tention to the work of the fields. He was thus
engaged until after the outbreak of the Civil war,
when he enlisted for one hundred days' service
as a member of Company G, One Hundred and
Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, join-
ing his company at Pittsfield. With his regiment
he went to the front and continued there during
the term of his enlistment, being mustered out
and honorably discharged at Springfield, Illinois.

Following the close of the war, Mr. Charlton
returned to Pike county, where he was employed
at farm labor by others for a time. As a compan-
ion and helpmate on life's journey, he chose Miss
Louisa J. Kirk, whom he wedded on the 15* of
October, 1867. U^nto them were born five children:
Annie E., Nellie L., Gertie, Pearl L. and George
J. Charlton. Of these Annie and George are now
deceased. Following his marriage Mr. Charlton
rented his father-in-law's farm, and continued the
cultivation and improvement of that place for
about fourteen years. He then removed to Cal-
houn county, Illinois, settling in Belleview town-
ship, where he has continued farming up to the
present time. He has here a well developed tract

of land, having brought his fields under a high
state of cultivation. He used the latest improved
machinery for plowing and planting his land and
caring for the crops, and everything about his.
place indicates his careful supervision and prac-
tical methods.

On the 20th of November, 1893, Mr. Charl-
ton was called upon to mourn the loss of his first
wife. Three years later, on the I2th of April,
1896, he was married to Miss Martha Buchanan
Fielder, and unto them have been born two chil-
dren, Lillie S. and Orville Raymond, both of
whom are at home with their parents. Mr. Charl-
ton has ever been a stanch advocate of republican
principles and votes for the party at state and na-
tional elections, but at local elections, where no
issue is involved, he gives an independent ballot
for the men whom he thinks best qualified for
office, regardless of party affiliation. He started
out in business life empty-handed, working first
as a farm hand by the month, afterward renting
land and eventually acquiring, through his own
earnings, the money which enabled him to pur-
chase a farm of his own. He is now in posses-
sion of a good property which returns to him a
gratifying income ; and his life record proves
the value and force of unremitting diligence and
unabating energy in the everyday affairs of life.

GEORGE B. CAREY, D. D. S.

Dr. George B. Carey, practicinghis profession in
Perry, his native city, was born August 31, 1856,
his parents being Eleazer and Rebecca (Morris)
Carey. The father was born in Arkport, Steu-
ben county, New York, and was married on the
7th of September, 1841, in Pike county, Illi-
nois, to Miss Rebecca Morris, whose birth oc-
curred in Kentucky, October 26, 1826. Enter-
ing business life he first devoted his energies to
teaching school in Pike county, but subsequently
determining to engage in the practice of medi-
cine and surgery, he was graduated from the
old Jefferson Medical College, in Philadelphia.
In 1847 ne pursued a post-graduate course in sur-
gery in the same school. He displayed broad

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

humanitarian principles in his practice, never
making any charge to a poor widow or family
who could not afford to pay for his services, and
yet responding readily to the call of those who
needed his professional aid. His practice covered
Brown, Scott, Morgan and Pike counties, and
he was one of the honored pioneer physicians of
this part of the state. He was often called in con-
sultation of cases to Jacksonville, Quincy and
Springfield. In 1850 he went to California,
spending two years there for the benefit of his
health and in attendance upon medical societies.
In 1852 he returned to Illinois; but losing his
eyesight from exposure, he was blind during the
last seven years of his life. In 1850 he was made a
Mason in Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M., and
both he and his wife were members of the Presby-
terian church, Dr. Carey becoming a member
when sixteen years of age. His death occurred
when he was sixty-three years of age, and his
widow is now living at the age of seventy-nine
years. They were the parents of nine children,
A. B., a dentist of Pittsfield, and George B., of
this review, being the only ones now living.

In his boyhood days George B. Carey assisted his
father in every way that he could. He also attended
school and worked with his brother, Dr. A. B.
Carey, in his dental office. In 1871 his brother
removed to Pittsfield, and in 1873 Dr. Carey of
this review went to the county seat, remaining
with his brother there for about nine years. In
1882 he opened a dental office in Perry and has
engaged in general practice with constantly grow-
ing success. He is a member of the Morgan
County District Medical Society and of the Illi-
nois State Dental Association, with which he was
connected for twenty-five years. He also belongs
to Perry lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M., Perry
chapter, R. A. M., the Independent Order of
( 1(1(1 Fellows, the Modern Woodmen of America,
the Mutual Protective League and the Pike Coun-
ty Anti-Horse Thief Association. He also be-
longs to the Pike County Insurance Company and
to the Northwestern Life and Savings Company
i.f Minneapolis. Minnesota.

On the 2gth of September, 1904, Dr. Carey
was married to Miss Celia Vail, a daughter of
Leander and Mary (Elledge) Vail, who were

married January 23, 1879. Her father was born
in Fainnount township, October 13, 1849, and the
mother's birth occurred in the same township,
October 25, 1848. Mr. Vail has been a stock-
raiser and farmer, but at the present time is giv-
ing his entire attention to buying and selling live
stock. Unto him and his wife have been born two
daughters : Mrs. Carey, whose birth occurred
April 25, 1880; and Olive, who was born Decem-
ber 27, 1885, and was married November 25,
1904, to Richard A. Reynolds.

Dr. and Mrs. Carey occupy an enviable social
position, and their pleasant home is the center of
a cultured society circle. Both are members of
the Presbyterian church; and in politics he is a
stanch republican, unfaltering in his allegiance
to the party. He does not seek nor desire public
office, however, but concentrates his energies
upon his professional duties ; and he has a well
equipped dental office, supplied with all modern
devices to promote the efficiency of the practi-
tioner. His work has given uniform satisfaction
and a liberal patronage is accorded him.

JOSEPH C. HARRINGTON.

Joseph C. Harrington, long an active factor
in agricultural circles in Pike county, and now
living retired in Griggsville, was born on the 2d
of January, 1838, in Griggsville township, his
parents being Martin and Catherine (Hagaman)
Harrington. The name of Harrington has been
a familiar and honored one in connection with
Pike county through many decades. Martin Har-
rington at the time of his death was one of the
oldest settlers of the county, and one of the most
intelligent and honored citizens. He had resided
within its borders for more than a half century,
and was in his ninety-fourth year at the time of
his demise. He came of old New England an-
cestry honorable and distinguished. When the
colonists attempted to throw off the yoke of Brit-
ish oppression two of the Harringtons, Jonathan
and Caleb, who were closely related to the fa-
ther of Martin Harrington, were among the six
who fell under the first fire at the battle of Lex-

732

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

ington, and to their memory and that of the
others, whose blood was shed on that sacred
spot, a beautiful monument has been erected.

Samuel Harrington, grandfather of Joseph C.
Harrington of this review, was born in Grafton,
Massachusetts, August 3, 1769, and after reach-
ing man's estate was married to Abigail Putnam,
who was born in Massachusetts, September 15,
1775, and was a daughter of Zadoc Putnam, a
relative of General Israel Putnam, whose name
is deeply engraved on the hearts of all students
of American history, as that of a patriot who did
much for the cause of independence. Zadoc Put-
nam's father built the first wagon in Worcester
county, Massachusetts, and it is related that over
two hundred men came from long distances to
see one pair of wheels follow another, so great
was the novelty at that time. Mr. and Mrs. Sam-
uel Harrington remained residents of Massachu-
setts throughout their entire lives, the former
passing away October 5, 1802, and the latter in
April, 1871, having reached the advanced age of
ninety-six years. She came of a family noted
for longevity, and her descendants have mani-
fested the same strong family characteristic.
Unto Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Harrington were
born four children ; and by the mother's second
marriage to Captain David Trask, of Leicester,
Massachusetts, other children were born.

Martin Harrington was born in Worcester,
Massachusetts, December 24, 1797, and was
early thrown upon his own resources, owing to
the death of his father. His educational privi-
leges were rather limited ; but in the school of ex-
perience he learned many valuable and practical
lessons, and always kept informed on the trend of
events and on matters of local and national prog-
ress through reading and observation. In his
early life he engaged in manufacturing scythes,
which was a profitable business at that day. He
possessed considerable mechanical ingenuity and
gave considerable attention to the manufacture of
gun barrels and to work as a machinist. He was
also for some time in the employ of Samuel and
John Slater, the first mamifacturers of the spin-
ning jenny. He was very thorough and accu-
rate in all of his work, and the same characteris-
tics were displayed in his farming operations

when he came to Illinois and identified himself
with agricultural pursuits. He had had little
previous experience in this line of labor, but
his ready adaptability and energy soon enabled
him to master the points which lead to successful
farming.

Martin Harrington had been married January
22, 1822, in his native county to Miss Myra Wil-
lard, and the same year removed to Amsterdam,
New York, where his wife died, leaving three
children, but the only one now living is Mrs.
Abby L. Brimblecam. One son, Charles L., who
had been mining in the west, was accidentally
drowned in Humboldt Bay, California, February
22, 1863, when in his fortieth year. Josephus W.
also spent his last days in California. In 1833
Martin Harrington wedded Miss Catherine Hag-
aman, a native of New York, and in 1836 they
came to the west, settling in Griggsville township,
Pike county. The year following Mr. Harring-
ton removed to the adjoining township of Perry,
where he resided until 1870, when he took up his
abode in the village of Perry, where he resided
until his death, spending his last years in honor-
able retirement from labor. By his second mar-
riage there were five children : Francis M., who
married Martha Dutcher, of Pike county, Illi-
nois, is now living in Kirksville, Missouri, where
he is a prominent attorney, having been gradu-
ated from the Chicago Law School, while for
eight years he represented his district in the Mis-
souri legislature. Joseph C. is the subject of this
review. Mary E. is the wife of James Whitaker,
a. prominent farmer of Perry township. John
E. married Lucretia Reynolds, and is a successful
agriculturist of Griggsville township. Sarah E.
is the wife of Hon. William P. Browning, who re-
sides upon a farm near Memphis, Missouri. The
wife and mother died April 27, 1875, in the faith
of the Presbyterian church, of which she had
long been an active and helpful member. She
ably assisted her husband in his work of getting
a start in the west ; and theirs was a most conge-
nial and happy married life. Mr. Harrington
passed away on the 22d of January, 1891. A
newspaper published at the time said of him :
"He worked upon the principle that whatever he
attempted to do he would do his best, and he had

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

733

a large measure of success. He was a man of very
strong convictions, but had great respect for the
feelings and convictions of others. He was a
firm believer in the Christian religion, though
never a church member, and in the Bible as the
inspired work of God, by whose principles our
lives should be regulated. He was a constant at-
tendant on the house of God as long as he could
hear, and insisted on his children attending reg-
ularly the church and Sabbath school ; and also
contributed to their support. He taught both
by precept and example that all should lead an
honorable and upright life, and his children, who
are among our most worthy citizens, show the
deep impression made upon their minds by his
wise and kind instruction. When he died these
children lost a kind and loving father, his neigh-
bors a most kind and generous friend, and the
state an intelligent and noble citizen."

Joseph C. Harrington, whose name introduces
this record, was reared upon the home farm, early
becoming familiar with the labors that bring
success in agricultural life, being trained to prac-
tical methods of farm work. When twenty-one
years of age he started out on his own account,
and was employed as a farm hand by others for
eight years, when with the capital he had ac-
quired through his own labors, he purchased a
tract of land and began farming for himself. Here
he devoted his time and energies to its cultivation
and to the raising and handling of live stock. As
the years passed he prospered in his undertakings
owing to his careful management, his keen busi-
ness discrimination, his watchfulness of oppor-
tunities and his fair dealing. For the past thirteen
years, however, he has made his home in Griggs-
ville, merely giving his attention to the super-
vision of his invested interests. •

On the 22d of April, 1869, Mr. Harrington was
united in marriage to Miss Frances S. Wilson
and they became the parents of two children,
Mary C. and John C., but the latter died Decem-
ber 2, 1899. After the death of his first wife,
Mr. Harrington was married on the i6th of July,
1889, to her sister, Mrs. Mary Smith, nee Wilson.
She was born in England, and when quite young
came to this country, where she was reared and
educated.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Harrington are earnest
Christian people. He was formerly a member of
the Presbyterian church of Perry, but now
belongs to the Congregational church in Griggs-
ville. In politics he is stanch republican, unfal-
tering in his advocacy of the principles of the
party. He was made a member of the Independ-
ent Order of Odd Fellows in Perry thirty-five
years ago, and has taken the demit from his home
lodge to the lodge in Griggsville. He is a charter
member of the Griggsville National Bank and
of the Perry State Bank, holds considerable stock
in both institutions, and is a director of both.
He is now practically living retired after long
and active connection with agricultural interests,
in which his labors were crowned with a gratify-
ing measure of success.

W. F. THURMON, M. D.

Dr. W. F. Thurmon, engaged in the practice of
medicine at Bunker Hill, where he is also con-
ducting a drug store, was born in Pike county,
near Milton on the i/).th of October, 1854. He
acquired his preliminary education in the district
schools at Milton, and afterward spent six weeks
as a student in the normal school at Pittsfield.
He subsequently taught four terms of school and
he took up the study of medicine in the winter of
1 88 1 -2. In the later year he entered upon his
collegiate course, and in 1885 was graduated at
the Missouri Medical College.

Dr. Thurmon entered upon the active practice
of his profession in Wilmington, Greene county,
and later practiced at Farmersville, Montgomery
county, and at Philadelphia, Cass county. He was
also located for a time at Detroit, in Pike county.
He holds a registered pharmacist's certificate, and
at the present writing is conducting a drug store
as well as practicing his profession in Bunker
Hill, where he has secured a good patronage as
a merchant and a gratifying practice as a
physician.

Dr. Thurmon was married in 1886 to Miss
Mary I. James, of Whitehall, Illinois, and they
have three children: Harry, born in 1888; Virgil,

734

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

born in 1896; and Carl, born in 1901. Mrs.
Thunnon is a daughter of Joshua and Martha
James, now of Litchfield, where the father is
connected with building operations, being a car-
penter by trade. The Doctor and his wife have
a wide and favorable acquaintance at Bunker
Hill, where they occupy an enviabk position in
social circles.

A. L. GALLOWAY.

Perhaps no citizen of Pike county was more
uniformly esteemed or held in warmer friend-
ship than A. L. Galloway, now deceased. He
was lovingly and familiarly called Uncle Dick
by all who knew him, a name which was indica-
tive of his friendly cordial nature and his kindly
interest in all with whom he came in contact. He
was classed for many years with the prosperous
farmers and stock-raisers of the county and was
numbered among the old settlers, having taken
up his abode here about 1832 or 1833. His
birth occurred in Pike county, Missouri, Septem-
ber 4, 1829, his father, James Galloway, having
located there in pioneer times. He was a native
of Kentucky, whence he removed to Missouri and
during the early boyhood of our subject crossed
the river to Pike county, Illinois, so that the son
was here reared. He grew to manhood amid the
conditions and environments of frontier life, for
in his early days Pike county was still largely an
undeveloped region and only here and there could
be seen the home of a pioneer. His educational
advantages were those afforded by the common
schools and after he had completed his literary
course he studied law and practiced in the justice
courts.

On the 24th of November, 1859, A. L. Gallo-
way was united in marriage in Pike county to
Miss Sarah Brant, formerly of St. Louis, Mis-
souri. She died in 1874 and of the five children
born of that marriage three reached years of ma-,
turity. Lyman H., the eldest, wedded Laura
Fisher, who died leaving one child, Bertie, now
the wife of Newton Shinn. a resident of Carroll-
ton, Missouri. After the death of his first wife
Lyman H. Galloway wedded Clara C. Dodge, a

daughter of Clinton Dodge and they had two
children : Scott Galloway, a business man of
Pleasant Hill, who married a daughter of Dr. J.
Smith Thomas ; and Beatrice, the wife of Harry
Bush, who is in a store in Nebo. Lyman H. Gal-
loway was for many years a well known farmer
of Pike county but is now deceased. Ann P.
Galloway, the second member of the family,
married Curtis Yocum and at her death left one
child, Fay Yocum, who is now a young lady re-
siding with her father in Pleasant Hill. Minnie
L. Galloway became the wife of James De Camp
and at her death left a daughter, Lora De Camp,
who is residing with her father. After the death
of his first wife Mr. Galloway of this review
was married in Calhoun county on the 26th of
April, 1875, to Maria E. McConnell, a daughter
of John and Mary (Sidwell) McConnell, both
of whom were natives of Kentucky and became
early settlers of Pike county, Missouri. They
removed to Calhoun county, Illinois, during the
period of the Civil war and Mrs. Galloway was
largely reared in that county. At the time of
her marriage she went to her husband's farm in
Pleasant Hill township.

For many years Mr, Galloway was one of the
large land owners of the county, having several
farms embracing nearly one thousand acres of
valuable land. He made a business of raising
and feeding stock and found this a profitable
source of income. He was widely recognized
as a good financier and enterprising • business
man, watchful of all the details of his business,
and putting forth every effort in his power to
provide a good living for his family. He real-
ized that "there is no success without labor" and
also that "honesty is the best policy" and these
two maxims found exemplification in his life rec-
ord.

By the second marriage of Mr. Galloway
there were born four children, but the eldest,
Clara Myrtle, died in infancy. Milo E., who is
a prominent merchant of Pleasant Hill, married
Daisy Ladow and has one son, Truman. Carrie
Lenora is the wife of A. T. Brant, a farmer and
stockman of Pleasant Hill township and has two
children: Milo B. and Thelma. Mayo L. is a
lumber dealer residing at Pleasant Hill.

A. L. GALLOWAY

«v<*

X

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

737

In his political affiliation Mr. Galloway was
a stalwart republican and during the period of
the Civil war he served as enrolling officer. He
also held numerous local positions of honor and
trust, acting as supervisor and also as a dele-
gate to the county and state conventions. He
lived- a consistent Christian life, having the en-
tire confidence and esteem of the community and
his name became an honored one wherever he
was known. He died February 4, 1898, and the
entire community mourned the loss of a repre-
sentative citizen. His many good qualities, his
genial disposition and kindly spirit had endeared
him to those with whom he came in contact and
has caused his memory to be cherished by all
who knew him.

A. S. NEESE.

A. S. Neese, a representative of farming inter-
ests in Pearl township, resides on section 7,
where he owns and operates eighty acres of good
land. He is a native of Putnam county, Indiana,
born August 16. 1868, and is a son of Christo-
pher and Angeline (Myers) Neese. The par-
ents left Indiana when their son, A. S. Neese, was
about seven years of age. and made their way
westward to Spring Creek township, Pike county,
Illinois, where the father secured a tract of land
and engaged in farming up to the time of his
death, which occurred February 14, 1902. His
widow still survives and is now living in Cal-
houn county about three miles south of Nebo,
Illinois.

A. S. Neese was a young lad of about seven
\ cars when brought by his parents to Pike county,
where he was reared upon the old homestead
farm, while in the district schools of Spring Creek
township he acquired his education. No event of
special imjjortancc occurred to vary the routine
of farm life for him in his boyhood days. He as-
sisted in the 'cultivation of the land and the care
of the stock up to his twenty-first birthday. He
was then married to Miss Delilah McCann, a
daughter of Edward and Eliza McCann, and the}'
began their domestic life upon a farm. Mr.
Neese has given his entire attention in a business

way to agricultural pursuits, and his principal
products are now wheat and corn. He also raises
some stock, and at the present writing (1906)
has upon his farm eight head of cattle, four head
of horses and twelve head of hogs. He lias ac-
commodation for thirty-five head of stock during
the winter months, for there are good barns and
sheds upon his place, together with other modern
equipments, while the latest improved farm ma-
chinery constitutes a valuable assistant to him in
the work of the fields.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Neese were born four chil-
dren, two sons and two daughters, namely : Nona
P., Clara F., Orin E., and Russell F. Neese. In
1904 the family was called upon to mourn the
loss of the wife and mother whose death oc-
curred on the 2 ist of April, of that year. She was
very devoted to her family, and was a woman pos-
sessed of many excellent traits of character. Her
remains were interred in the Green Pond ceme-
tery, and her death was deeply deplored by all
who knew her.

Politically Mr. Neese is a democrat, who has al-
ways affiliated with the party, but has never
sought the rewards of office in recognition of
party fealty. On the contrary, his entire atten-
tion has been concentrated upon his business ef-
forts and he is a self-made man, having started
out in life without a dollar. His self-reliance and
force of character, however, have enabled him
to surmount 'difficulties and obstacles in his path
and he is now in possession of a good farming
property, while his life is another proof of the as-
sertion of the old Greek philosopher, "Earn thy
reward ; the gods give naught to sloth."

JOHN A. JAMES.

John A. James, who is successfully engaged in
stock-raising at Perry, has by keen business dis-
cernment and judicious management gained a
creditable position in business circles in Pike
county. He was born in Adams county, Illinois,
December 21. 1859, and is a son of Allen W. and
Elizabeth (Sartain) James, both of whom were
natives of Tennessee, the former born October
13, 1818, and the latter January i, 1827. Mr.

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

James was twice married, his first union being
with Miss Matilda Clardy, who was also a native
of Tennessee, and who at her death, left two
daughters: Frances A., the wife of James
Thomas, a farmer of Tennessee ; and Virginia,
who married Williamson Bond, a resident farmer
of Pike county. By the second marriage there
were six children : Columbus A., Harvey C.,
William E., John A., Cordelia and Charles E.
All are now living with the exception of the last
named, who died in Missouri. He was born De-
cember 4, 1862, in Perry, Pike county, and after
being graduated with first honors in the business
college at Springfield, Illinois, July 2, 1880, at
the age of eighteen years, engaged in keeping
books for a few years, while later he became con-
nected with railroad interests in the south. He
returned home to- care for his aged parents, and
after two years spent upon the home farm in
Pike county, removed with them to Deepwater,
Missouri, in December, 1889. He was married
March 6, 1889, to Miss Maggie Hudnet, who re-
sided near Deepwater, and their marriage proved
a most congenial and happy one. In September,
1889. Mr. James again engaged in railroading
and became operator at Clinton on the Kansas
City & Galveston Railroad. After a month he
was transferred to Brownington, but soon became
ill, his death resulting. The year 1852 witnessed
the arrival of Allen W. James in Illi-
nois and several years later they removed
from Adams county to Pike county, where
he remained until 1888, when he and his
wife became residents of Bates county, Mis-
souri, but afterward returned to Pike county,
where both died. They were members of the
Methodist Episcopal church ; and in politics he
was a democrat.

John A. James was a young lad at the time
his parents came to Pike county, so that his
youth was largely passed here; and in the pub-
lic schools he acquired his education. Starting
out in business life on his own account, he was
employed by the month as a farm hand until 1882,
when on the igth of July, of that year, he was
married and began farming for himself on eighty
acres of land in Perry township. Subsequently
he bought a farm of one hundred acres, which he

cultivated until 1899, and on the 5th of Septem-
ber, of that year, he took up his abode on the
family homestead, where he now resides, giving
his attention to the cultivation of the soil and
to stock-raising. He sold his own farm in 1901.

On the igth of July, 1882, Mr. James was mar-
ried to Miss Elizabeth Gerard, who was born
January 21, 1862, and is a daughter of Laommi
R. and Elizabeth (Daugherty) Gerard. Her fa-
ther, who was born in Clinton county, Ohio, Au-
gust 5, 1820, died February 28, 1898, while his
wife, whose birth occurred in Virginia, March
31, 1829, died August 19, 1904. Mr. Gerard
was quite young when his parents removed to
Greene county, Ohio, where he was reared ; while
later he took up his abode in Fayette county, that
state, coming thence to Illinois in 1856. In
October, of that year, he located in Perry town-
ship, where he spent his remaining days. He
was an enterprising agriculturist of good busi-
ness ability, and his labors enabled him to add to
his capital year by year. Both he and his wife
held membership in the Methodist Episcopal
church. The latter represented one of the early
pioneer families of Ohio, her people having re-
moved from Virginia to that state at an early
day. Mr. and Mrs. Gerard became the parents
of seven children. Unto Mr. and Mrs. James
were born five children : May, born May 10,
1883, now the wife of John F. Read; Maud, who
was born October 30, 1885, and died in infancy;
Ray, born September 16, 1888; Eva V., May 2,
1892; and Floyd Allen, who was born June 27,
1900, and died March 27, 1905.

Both Mr. and Mrs. James are members of the
Methodist Episcopal church, and their good
qualities of heart and mind have brought to them
a large circle of friends. Mr. James votes with
the democracy, and has served as road commis-
sioner and for two years as school director. He
maintains membership relations with various fra-
ternal organizations, and is now master of Perry
lodge, No. 95, A. F. & A. M., and has been a
delegate to the grand lodge, holding its meetings
in Chicago. He is also connected with the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Modern
Woodmen of America and the Pike County Mu-
tual Life Insurance Company. His position in the

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

739

public regard is that of a man whose history will
bear close investigation and scrutiny, whose mo-
tives have been honorable, his actions manly and
his words sincere.

NATHAN SCRANTON.

Xathan Scranton, a prosperous farmer of Pleas-
ant Hill township, owns and operates one hun-
dred and sixty acres of land constituting a well
improved and valuable farm. He has resided
in Xebo for a number of years, and his wide and
favorable acquaintance demands that his life his-
tory be given in this volume. He is a native son
of Pike county, having been born in Spring Creek
township on the I4th of February, 1839, when
this was still a frontier district in which the work
of improvement and cultivation had been carried
on to only a limited extent. His grandfather.
David Scrantqn, came with his family to Illinois
from Virginia, and was one of the first settlers
of Pike county, locating in Spring Creek town-
ship when much of the land was still in its primi-
tive condition. He assisted in its reclamation for
the uses of the white race, and aided in planting
the seeds of civilization which in due time had
borne fruit in the advanced material, intellectual
and moral conditions of this part of the state.
Reuben J. Scranton, father of our subject, was
born in Virginia, but was reared in Pike county,
and assisted in the arduous task of developing
a new farm. He was married here to Miss
Sarah Allison, and for a number of years there-
after engaged in general agricultural pursuits.
He lost his wife in this county and subsequently
removed to Madison county, Missouri, where his
last years were passed. He was killed during the
Civil war. Of the family of five brothers, and one
sister born unto Mr. and Mrs. Reuben J. Scran-
ton, only two are now living, the brother of our
subject being Thomas Scranton, a resident farmer
of Spring Creek township.

Xathan Scranton was reared to farm labor, and
in his early life worked at anything that he could
get to do that would yield him an honest living.

for from an early age he was dependent upon
his own resources. When twenty-three years of
age he responded to the country's call for aid and
enlisted in 1862 as a member of Company E,
Third Missouri Cavalry, with which he served in
the Western Army. He participated in the fight
at Chalk Bluff, also in the engagements at Pilot
Knob and Patterson, together with many skir-
mishes. He served altogether for three years,
one month and sixteen days, and after the close
of the war was honorably discharged at Jeffer-
son City, Missouri, having done his full duty as
a soldier.

When the country no longer needed his aid,
Xathan Scranton returned to Pike county and
began work on a farm. It was not long after-
ward before he sought a companion and help-
mate for life's journey, and was married here
to Miss Mary Jane Smith, who was born in
Xebo. They traveled life's journey happily to-
gether for about five years ; and there were two
children born to this union, of whom one is liv-
ing. Following his marriage, Mr. Scranton rented
a farm and engaged in operating leased land for
several years, after which he bought land in
Spring Creek township. He then located thereon
and cultivated and improved the place for three
years, when he sold that property and invested
in a farm in Hardin township, where he lived for
five years, during which time he erected a good
residence upon the property. Subsequently he
purchased his present farm in Pleasant Hill town-
ship, and he still owns this property. In 1887
he came to Nebo and erected the house now
owned by Dr. Williams. He also conducted a
hotel for two years, after which he sold out, re-
turning to his farm in Hardin township. Later
he purchased his Pleasant Hill township property
and afterward bought a neat residence in Nebo —
a brick building in which he now makes his home.

On the 1 2th of August, 1875, in Nebo, Mr.
Scranton was married to Miss Nancy M. Crow-
der, a native of this county, where she was reared.
Her father, James V. Crowder, was born in Pike
county, and became a soldier who died in the
service of his country while a member of a Mis-
souri regiment of infantry. His wife, who bore

740

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

the maiden name of Mahala Allison, survived her
husband and reared her family. Mr. Scranton's
son by his first marriage is Albert Scranton, who
now lives in Nebo, and the deceased son was
Francis, who died when a lad of about nine years.
By the second marriage of Mr. Scranton have
been born two children: Clara Maud, the wife
of Harry North, who resides upon the Scranton
farm in Pleasant Hill township; and Opal, at
home.

Politically Mr. Scranton is a stanch republican,
although he was reared in the faith of the demo-
cratic party. His wife is a member of the Court
of Honor and the Royal Neighbors. Mr. Scran-
ton has never been an office seeker, but has earn-
estly labored to advance his business interests.
His entire life has been passed in Pike county,
and he has helped to improve and make the
county what it is today, having himself cultivated
three farms. In connection with the tilling of the
soil he has engaged in raising and feeding stock,
handling cattle, hogs and horses. He com-
menced life a poor man, but by his own labor and
enterprise and the assistance of his estimable
wife he has become the possessor of a well im-
proved and valuable farm and a good home in
Nebo, and is today numbered among the sub-
stantial citizens of this part of the state.

McCLINTOCK BROWN.

McClintock Brown, starting out in life on his
own account at the early age of ten years and re-
ceiving a wage of eight dollars per month, has
from that humble financial position steadily
worked his way upward to a position of affluence.
so that he is now numbered among the the sub-
stantial farmers of Hadlev township, his home
being on section 31. where he owns and operates
one hundred and sixty acres of land that is today
very valuable and productive. In addition to its
cultivation he is also engaged in the business of
buying, feeding and shipping cattle and hogs.

Mr. Brown is one of the worthy citizens that
the Empire state has furnished to Pike county,
his birth having occurred in Washington county.

New York, near Sandy Hill, about four miles
from the historic tree at which Jane McCrea was
massacred by the Indians. This tree died in 1849,
and Mr. Brown has a snuffbox made from a part
of the wood. His natal day was October 2, 1847,
his parents being Josiah and Maria (Clark)
Brown, the former a native of Vermont, while the
latter was also born in the east. The father was
a physician and minister of the gospel, and also
a shoemaker, having learned his trade in early
life. He followed shoemaking at an early day
in the Empire state, and also engaged in the
practice of medicine at Sandy Hill, New York.
There his death occurred in 1851, and his widow
afterward came with her family to Pike county,
Illinois, being accompanied by her husband's
brother, Benjamin D. Brown. They settled in
Barry and Mrs. Brown later gave her hand in
marriage to B. T. Gray, one of the first settlers
of the locality. Mr. Gray is still living in Barry,
but his wife is deceased. In her family were five
children : Josiah and Jane, both of whom have
passed away; Henry W., who is living at the Sol-
diers' Home at Quincy; James C.. who died in
Missouri; and McClintock.

In the schools of Barry McClintock Brown ac-
quired his education, having been brought by his
mother to the west at an early age. He was a
youth of only ten years when he started out in
life on his own account, securing employment at
farm labor by the month. His time was thus
passed for a number of years, during which pe-
riod he received only about eight dollars per
month in compensation for his services. Later
he received a larger wage, and saving nearly all
of his earnings he was at length enabled to pur-
chase a tract of land, investing in one hundred
and twenty acres when twenty-seven years of
age. This constitutes a part of the farm which
he still owns, but its boundaries have been ex-
tended until within the tract are now embraced
one hundred and sixty acres. lie is engaged in
the stock business, buying, feeding and shipping
cattle and hogs, and has found this a very profit-
able undertaking. He ships several carloads of
stock each year, and his annual sales bring him a
gratifying figure. His son is engaged in the
butchering business, having a shop at Barry. In

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

74'

iSijS Mr. I'.rown lost a part of one of his hands
and since then has done very little work.

In fanuary, 1872, Mr. Brown was united in
marriage to Miss Mahala Pence, who was born
in Treble county, Ohio, October 26, 1846, and is
a daughter of John and Hannah (Earhart) Pence.
Her father was born in Virginia, and when a
young man went to Ohio, in which state his wife
was born and reared. In 1857 they came to Pike
county, settling in Haclley township, where their
remaining days were passed, Mr. Pence being
called to his final rest in April, 1879, when he was
about seventy-seven years of age, his birth hav-
ing occurred June 8, 1802. His wife, who was
born November 4. 1810, died on the 2$th of
April. 180,0. In their family were ten children,
of whom four are now living, as follows : Mrs.
Brown; Joseph Pence, who resides in Kansas
City; Mrs. Lyclia Emerson; and Mrs. Adeline
Furniss. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have one child,
L. G. Brown, who married Mell Peck and lives
in Barry. Our subject also has an adopted
daughter, Minnie, who attended the schools of
Barry, was graduated from the high school in
the class of 1901 and is now engaged in teaching.

Mr. Brown exercises his right of franchise in
support of the men and measures of the repub-
lican party, and was supervisor of Haclley town-
ship for one term in 1898. He has also been
road commissioner. He belongs to Barry lodge.
No. 336, I. O. O. F. ; Barry camp, No. 540, M.
W. A. ; and the Mutual Protective League. Of
the last two he is a charter member. He has
been past noble grand, past chief patriarch and
also representative to the grand lodge of the In-
dependent Order of Odd Fellows. His wife is
connected with the Rebekah degree, has filled all
of the chairs in that lodge and has been a repre-
sentative to the grand lodge. Their home is
pleasantly located two and a half miles southeast
of Barry, and here they have lived for many
years, during which time Mr. Brown has made
many excellent improvements upon his farm. His
reliability in business has secured for him an in-
flexible reputation, while his prosperity repre-
sents his fit utilization of opportunities that has
made him one of the substantial agriculturists and
stock-raisers of this part of the county. His life

record stands in exemplification of what may -be
accomplished with firm and unfaltering purpose,
and proves that success is ambition's answer.

HARRISON DAIGH.

It is a noticeable fact that a great majority of
the successful men are those who have planned
their own advancement and have accomplished it
in spite of obstacles and difficulties which they
have encountered. Labor, however, in America
is unhampered by caste or class, and in due time
will find its just reward; and it is by reason of
his untiring activity that Mr. Daigh has won a
creditable position in financial and social circles,
enjoying the good will and trust of all with whom
he lias been associated.

A native son of Perry, he was born February
10, 1845, ancl was educated in the public schools.
His parents were James M. and Elizabeth (Pool)
Daigh, the former a native of Virginia, and the
latter of South Carolina. Leaving the Old Domin-
ion, James M. Daigh came to Illinois in the '205,
settling in the midst of the wilderness in Chris-
tian or Sangamon county. He afterward came
to Pike county and was one of the pioneers of this
portion of the state, and aided in its early and sub-
stantial development. However, attracted by the
discovery of gold in California, he crossed the
plains in 1849. I" l&52 n€ returned to Illinois, but
in 1853 again went to California, this time by
way of New York city, whence he took passage
on a sailing vessel bound for San Francisco. He
was engaged in merchandising in the Golden
state until the spring of 1855, when his life's la-
bors were ended in death, he being then fifty-five
years of age. His wife passed away in this county
in 1853, at the age of forty-five years. They were
earnest and faithful members of the Christian
church, and Mr. Daigh was also affiliated with
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His
political views were in harmony with the princi-
ples of the whig party. In the family were
twelve children, five sons and seven daughters,
but only two are now living, Harrison and Mar-

742

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

tha, the latter the wife of J. J. Smith, a farmer of
Chambersburg township.

Harrison Daigh lost his mother when nine
years of age, and was left an orphan when a
youth of ten. Three years later he left Pike
county and went to Dewitt county, Illinois, where
he was employed as a farm laborer during the
summer months, while in the winter seasons he
fed cattle for his board and the privilege of at-
tending school. He was thus occupied until
1862, when his patriotic spirit was aroused by
the attempt of the south to overthrow the Union,
and, although only seventeen years of age, he en-
listed on the 27th of July as a member of Com-
pany F, Ninety-ninth Illinois Infantry, remaining
with that regiment until honorably discharged in
August, 1865, being mustered out at Baton Rouge,
Louisiana. He took part in a number of impor-
tant engagements and manifested valor and loy-
alty equal to that of many a veteran of twice his
years. He made a creditable military record, and
when his aid was no longer needed he returned
to his home to resume the pursuits of civil life.

He was again engaged in farm labor up to the
time of his marriage, which was celebrated on
the 25th of April, 1867, Miss Margaret Turner
becoming his wife. She was born June 25, 1849,
and was a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth
(Haughey) Turner, both of whom were natives
of Ohio, in which state they were married. Their
children, eleven in number, were born in Ohio.
Five of these are yet living, Charles, Isaac, Mary,
Jane and Margaret. Elizabeth died January 10,
1906. The wife and mother passed away Sep-
tember 21, 1858, and Mr. Turner was afterward
again married, his second union being with Re-
becca Shelton, who is also now deceased. There
were four children of that marriage, George,
James, Albert and Laura, all of whom are yet
living. On removing from Ohio to Illinois, Mr.
Turner settled in Perry township, Pike county,
where he secured a tract of land and carried on
general farming until within a few years prior
to his demise, when he lived retired in the vil-
lage of Perry. He was a member of the New
Light church in Ohio. His political endorse-
ment was given to the whig party until its dis-
solution, when he joined the ranks of the repub-

lican party. His death occurred in Perry, Sep-
tember 21, 1888, when he was seventy-six years
of age.

Following his marriage, Mr. Daigh carried on
farming in Perry township until the spring of
1868, when he removed to Dewitt county, Illi-
nois, there residing until the fall of 1869, when he
returned to Pike county and once more became
identified with its agricultural interests. In 1875
he removed to the village of Perry, where he now
lives. At the present writing he is engaged in
farming, and he also has charge of the mail
route between Perry and Griggsville. At the
same time he has been active and influential in
community affairs, and has served as constable
and town marshal, as street commissioner, as
school director and road commissioner.

The home of Mr. and Mrs. Daigh was blessed
with thirteen children : Estella ; Charles ; Frank
C, who died October 17, 1904, in his thirty- third
year; Nellie; Lillian; Harry L. ; Clarence; one
who died in infancy ; Russell ; Grace ; Louise ; Jo-
seph F. ; and Marie. The members of the family
are well known in the community where they
reside. Mr. Daigh belongs to Perry lodge, No.
95, A. F. & A. M., with which he has affiliated
since March, 1878, and he is now a past master.
He likewise belongs to Perry chapter, No. 35, R.
A. M. ; and in politics he supports the men who
are pledged to give their allegiance to the re-
publican party. Dependent upon his own re-
sources from an early age, whatever success he
has achieved is attributable to his earnest and in-
defatigable industry. He possesses "a genial dis-
position and kindly nature that have gained him
many friends in social circles, as he has a very
wide and favorable acquaintance in this part of
the county.

SAMUEL WILLIAMS.

Samuel Williams, one of the public-spirited and
prominent men of Pike county, has for some years
been supervisor of Detroit township, and is the
present efficient chairman of the honorary board
of supervisors. A native son of the county, he
was born in Detroit/April 18, 1868. His father

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

743

Samuel Williams, was a native of North Caro-
lina, born in 1829, and the grandfather was An-
derson Williams, who removed with his family
westward to Illinois about 1835, locating in De-
troit township, Pike county, when few settle-
ments had been made within the borders of this
county. He" entered land in this locality and
opened up a farm. He shared with the early set-
tlers in the hardships and trials incident to pio-
neer life and aided in reclaiming the wild land
for the purposes of civilization. He also built a
sawmill and cut timber for the old plank road and
lived a life of usefulness and activity. He reared
his family here and later removed to Missouri,
settling at Sedalia, where he spent his last years.

Samuel Williams, Sr., father of our subject,
came to Pike county when a young lad, and was
here reared amid the wild scenes and environ-
ments of pioneer life, sharing with the family in
the hardships incident to a life in a frontier dis-
trict. He gained practical experience in the work
of the fields so that he was well qualified to earn,'
on business when he started out in life on his own
account. He married Miss Eunice Hatch, a na-
tive of this county. Through much of his life
he followed merchandising, and was a trader, cap-
italist and money-loaner. He reared his family
and spent the greater part of his life in Pike
county, where he died in 1897. His wife still
survives him and now resides in Detroit. In
their family were three children: Frances, 'now
the wife of Thomas Hall, a resident farmer of
Detroit; Clayton A. Williams, who is engaged
in farming in Newburg township ; and Samuel
A., of this review.

The last named was reared at the old farm
home, and in the country schools acquired his
education, save that he has added largely to his
knowledge through experience, reading and ob-
servation in later years. He remained with his
father until he had attained his majority, after
which he began working by the month at a salary
of fifteen dollars. He was employed in this way
for five or six years, embracing every oppor-
tunity that would improve his business condi-
tion. In Newburg township on the I4th of Au-
gust, 1894, he was united in marriage to Miss
Cora Jane Eagle, who was born in this county

and was a daughter of John H. C. Eagle, a farmer
of Newburg township. After their marriage the
young couple took up their abode upon a tract of
land which Mr. Williams rented, and there in
connection with the work of tilling the soil he
engaged in buying and feeding stock, becoming
one of the well known stock-dealers of the county,
carrying on the business on an extensive scale.
He shipped on an average of about fifty carloads
of stock a year. He is today justly classed with
the active, practical and prosperous farmers of
Detroit township. He controls five hundred acres,
of which he keeps two hundred acres for pastur-
age and he now has about one hundred head of
cattle and a large number of hogs, and his annual
shipments bring him a gratifying financial return.
Mr. and Mrs. Williams have a family of two
children, Inez Fern and V. Elmer. They also
lost a daughter, Hazel, who died in infancy. Po-
litically Mr. 'Williams has been a lifelong demo-
crat, and his first presidential ballot was cast for
Grover Cleveland. He has been elected and re-
elected to the office of supervisor until he is now
serving for the third term and he is president of
the county board. In the discharge of his official
duties he has ever been prompt and faithful, and
his record in office is one above reproach. His
wife is a member of the Christian church; and
Mr. Williams belongs to the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, which he joined at Milton but
has since demitted to Detroit lodge. He has
served through all of the chairs and is a past
grand, and both he and his wife are connected
with the Rebekah degree. He is also a member
of the Mutual Protective League. Mr. Williams
has a wide acquaintance in the county where his
entire life has been passed, and where he has so
directed his efforts as to win signal success in
business, and at the same time gain the honor
and respect of his fellowmen. His life record
proves what can be accomplished by determined,
indefatigable and honorable purpose. While
"the race is not always to the swift nor the battles
to the strong,'' the inviolable law of destiny ac-
cords to tireless energy, industry and ability a
successful career; and the truth of this assertion
is abundantly verified in the life of Mr. Williams,
who. though he has met many difficulties and ob-

744

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

stack's, has overcome these by determined pur-
pose and laudable endeavor, working his way
steadily upward.

WILLIAM ALLEN PECK.

William .Mien Peck, residing on section 20,
Hadley township, is a native son of Ohio, his
birth having occurred near Chillicothe, Pickaway
county. May 27, 1842. His parents, Jesse and
Jane (Reeves) Peck, were both natives of Vir-
ginia and were married subsequent to their re-
moval to Ohio. The mother was married three
times, her first husband being Mr. Shanton and
her second, Mr. Hines. The father of our subject
was married twice, and it was after losing his
first wife that he wedded Mrs. Hines. By this
marriage there were born five children, two sons
and three daughters, namely : Mrs. James Davis,
who is now living in Barry ; Mrs. Ella Sweet,
whose home is in Denver, Colorado; Jesse F.
I'eck, who is living in Little Sioux, Iowa; Wil-
liam A. ; and Minnie, the deceased wife of Arthur
(iillum. The parents came to Illinois in 1847,
settling south of Pittsfield. They had traveled
across the country with a wagon and team, and
they remained at their first location from the fall
of 1847 until March, 1848, when they removed
to a farm near which the subject of this review
now resides. Later they bought the farm where
William Allen Peck lived for fifty-six years, its
location being one mile east of his present place
of residence. Jesse Peck was the owner of one
hundred and sixty acres of land, which, owing to
his care and cultivation, became a very pro-
ductive and valuable tract. He spent his remain-
ing days thereon, passing away in 1876, at the
age of eighty-five years, while his wife died Janu-
ary 25, 1881, in her eighty-fifth year. Mr. Peck
was a democrat in his political views, and both
he and his wife held membership in the Methodist
Episcopal church.

The educational privileges whfch William A.
IVck enjoyed were quite limited. To some ex-
tent he attended the public schools, but his Cerv-
ices were largely needed on the home farm and

he worked in the fields from the time of early
spring planting until the crops were harvested
in the late autumn. He continued to reside upon
the old home property until October, 1905. when
he removed to his present place of residence.
Here he carries on general farming and stock-
raising, making a specialty of the raising of hogs
and cattle. He and his son are now managing
and improving the farm, which comprises one
hundred and sixty acres of arable land. In all of
his work he is systematic and methodical, and his
labors have been attended with the success which
crowns active, persistent and practical effort.

In 1864 occurred the marriage of Mr. Peck and
Miss Jessie P>. Wilson, who was born in Scot-
land, May 27, 1840, and came to the new world
when fourteen years of age. Unto Mr. and Mrs.
Peck have been born eleven children, but four
died in infancy. The others are as follows:
Arena, now the wife of John McTucker, a resi-
dent of Hadley township; Minnie, the wife of
John McConnell, who is living in Jacksonville.
Illinois; Willie, who resides'in Oklahoma; Katie,
who became the wife of Elmer Furniss, and at her
death left five children ; Mell, who married Louis
ttrown and lives in Barry; Harry, who is as-
sociated with his father in business, and is now
serving as supervisor of Hadley township ; and
Charles, who is living at home.

Mr. Peck is a member of the Modern Wood-
men camp and the Ancient Order of United
Workmen, while his wife belongs to the Baptist
church. He is a genial, whole-souled man, well
liked by all, upright in his business dealings and
has the cultured, genial nature that wins warm
friendships. He has long been known as a lead-
ing representative of agricultural interests in this
county, and as such deserves mention in this
volume.

ALEXANDER COUCH.

Alexander Couch, who follows farming on sec-
tion 14. Spring Creek township, was born in Har-
din township. Pike county, April 26, 1858, his
parents being Lewis and Sarah J. (Daniel)
Couch. The mother of Lewis Couch was a native

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

745

of Kentucky and lived to the very advanced age
of ninety-two years, spending the last fifteen years
of her life with the parents of Mrs. Alexander
Couch. Lewis Couch was a native of Hillsboro,
Highland county, Ohio, horn July 4, 1827. He
engaged in dealing in poultry, sheep, hogs, etc.,
for ten years and afterward gave his time to farm-
ing until his demise, which occurred in Spring
Creek township, this county, on the loth of June,
1894, when he was in his sixty-seventh year. He
married Miss Sarah Daniel, who was born De-
cember 23, 1837, and was a daughter of James
Daniel, who was a native of Tennessee, and in
that state was married, his first wife also dying
there. He afterward came to Pike county with
his two children, and later was married here to
Polly Bristo. For many years he was a resident
farmer of this part of the state, and died in Spring
Creek township in 1888. His wife passed away
several years later. In their family were the fol-
lowing named: William, Albert. Sarah, .Mrs.
Jane Couch, Martin Van Buren, Mary, James J.
Polk. Martha Rebecca, Caroline and Clarke. The
children of Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Couch were
twelve in number, namely : John, Alexander, Al-
phonso Hunter, Mary E., Lewis G., Eliza, Rosie
A.. Dora L., Alva, Ora, and Eddie and Charlie,
twins.

Alexander Couch, the second in order of birth,
was educated in the district schools of Hardir,
and Spring Creek townships, and was reared
upon his father's farm, assisting him in the labors
of field and meadow until he had reached the age
of twenty-eight years, when he was married to
Miss Mary Frances Shaw, on the i8th of April,
.1886. L'nto them were born three children: Ina
A., Nellie and a son who died unnamed in in-
fancy. The wife and mother died December 26,
1893, and Mr. Couch afterward wedded Miss
Eunice Collins, a daughter of John and Ruth E.
Collins, the former born March 17, 1826, and the
latter in October, 1830. The maternal grand-
mother of Mrs, Couch lived for many years near
Pittsfield, Pike county, Illinois, and later re-
moved to Newtonville, Spencer county, Indiana,
where she died at the advanced age of ninety
years. Unto John and Ruth E. Collins were born
three children : Eunice, Emma O. and Austin,

but only Mrs. Couch is now living, Emma hav-
ing died in August, 1905, while Austin died when
but three years of age. Both Mr. and Mrs. Col-
lins had been previously married, and by his first
union he had the following children: William
Campbell, Amy A., John W.. Joseph S. and Sher-
man A- Collins. By her first marriage Mrs. Col-
lins had two daughters: Mrs. Mary Fuller and
Mrs. Barbara Crozier, both yet living. The mar-
riage of Mr. Couch and Miss Eunice Collins had
been blessed with four children : Orin I., Oza
L., Erma O. and Orville S. Couch.

Mr. Couch is now engaged in the cultivation
and improvement of one hundred and seventy-one
acres of good farming land, which he has brought
under a high state of cultivation. He produces
principally corn, wheat and hay, and he is also
engaged in stock-raising, having eighteen head of
fine graded shorthorn cattle, nine head of horses
and about fifty head of hogs. His business inter-
ests are well managed, and his earnest efforts are
bringing to him a very desirable competence,
while his life record is another proof of the as-
sertion of the German poet and philosopher
Goethe that "merit and success go linked to-
gether." In politics he is a democrat, and has
always affiliated with that party.

C. J. DOUGLAS.

C. J. Douglas, a retired farmer living in the vil-
lage of Montezuma, was born in Montezuma
township, Pike county, a son of -William and Pa-
melia (Strawn) Douglas. The father was a na-
tive of Scotland, his birth having occurred near
New Galloway. Emigrating at an early age to
the United States, he made his way to the south-
ern portion of the country, and later came to Illi-
nois, settling near Milton. He was a carpenter
by trade, and after taking up his abode in Pike
county he assisted in building the courthouse and
other public and private buildings of the city.
He was also engaged on the construction of the
buildings of the Columbia (Missouri) Univer-
sity. It was at that place that he married and
later he settled in Montezuma township, Pike

746

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

county, a half mile from the present home of his
son, C. J. Douglas. Unto William and Pamelia
(Strawn) Douglas were born twelve children,
seven of whom are yet living.

C. J. Douglas was reared upon his father's
farm and was educated in the country schools.
He remained with his father until his marriage,
when he removed to his present home near Mil-
ton. He continued actively in farming up to the
time of his retirment from business life. He
was married in 1874 to Miss Gabriella Hayden,
a daughter of Elisha and Virginia (Sweringen)
Hayden, and the good wife survives to share with
him a well earned reward of labor. Unto them
was born a son, Delbert, who died in infancy.
They are both members of the Christian church ;
and they occupy a comfortable home and have a
host of warm friends, for, having long resided
in this locality, they are widely known, and their
many good traits of character have gained them
the esteem and good will of those with whom they
have been associated.

JOHN MEDARIS.

John Medaris, a farmer residing on section 34,
Fairmount township, was born in this county Oc-
tober 2, 1840, his parents being Robinson and
Felicia (McLain) Medaris, both of whom were
natives of Montgomery county, Kentucky. The
parents are now deceased, the father having died
at the age of seventy-seven years, while the
mother passed away at the age of sixty-one years.
In their family were five children, of whom four
are now living, namely : Mrs. Mary McLaugh-
lin, Charles, John and Mrs. Sarah Boggs. It was
in the year 1811 that Robinson Medaris arrived
in Pike county. Few indeed were the settlements
of the white men within its borders at that pe-
riod. The prairies were covered with their native
grasses and the forests stood in their primeval
strength. The Indians still found a hunting
ground in this part of the state, while game of
various kinds was to be had in abundance. He
lived here during the period of the deep snow in
1830-1, an epoch memorable in the history of the

county. Upon arriving here he built a log cabin
and soon he cleared a tract of prairie land upon
which he planted his crops, and in due time gath-
ered good harvests. His political support was
given to the democracy, and he was a member
of the Methodist church.

Upon the old farm homestead John Medaris
was reared, no event of special importance occur-
ring to vary the routine of farm life for him in his
boyhood days. He was married November 26,
1868, to Miss Sarah Fox, who was born Novem-
ber 29, 1842, and was a daughter of Jacob and
Sarah (Slight) Fox, both of whom were natives
of Ohio, whence they came to Pike county in
1858. In their family were nine children, of whom
only one is now living, Jacob Fox. The father
was one of the pioneer settlers and early farmers
of Pike county, and aided in the reclamation of
wild land for the uses of civilization. He was a
republican in his political views and both he and
his wife are members of the Methodist church.
His death occurred in 1861, when he was sev-
enty-two years of age, while his wife passed
away at the age of fifty-eight years. Mr. and
Mrs. Medaris have become the parents of four
children, all of whom are now living : Edward ;
Vena, the wife of Joseph Woodward, a resident
of Adams county, Illinois; Daniel; and John T..
who married Nora Davis.

Mr. Medaris started out upon an independent
business career when twenty-one years of age,
at which time he began farming for himself.
Later he bought eighty acres of land, upon which
he built a log house and subsequently he added
to this until he owned one hundred and eighty
acres. He is now the owner of one hundred and
twelve acres, which he has cleared and improved,
transforming it into a valuable farm. Upon this
property he raises cattle, sheep and hogs. He
has seventy head of Shropshire sheep, and he
raises polled Angus cattle and Jersey Red hogs.
He has good pastures and feed lots and ample
shelter for his stock and his grain, and, in fact,
upon his farm are found all modern accessories
and equipments.

In 1898 Mr. Medaris was called upon to mourn
the loss of his wife, who died on the 4th of Oc-
tober, of that year, and was buried in Hinman

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

747

cemetery, where his parents were also interred.
In politics Mr. Medaris is an earnest democrat
and for sixteen years he served as school director,
the cause of education finding in him a warm and
stalwart friend. He was also road commissioner
for several years, and he is never remiss in the
duties of citizenship, regarding it as a privilege

as well as an obligation to faithfully perform
every task which devolves upon him in connec-
tion with the welfare and improvement of the
county. The name of Medaris has been associ-
ated with the progress and development here from
the earliest days, and the work instituted by his
father has been carried forward by him.

INDEX

I

Introduction
Illinois

IIS^

7
7
10
11
11
11
12
13
14
16
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
34

[nORY OF PIKE COUNI

Archeology 40
Organic History 42

[•Y

Civil War
Spanish- American War
History of Townships
Supervisors
Pike County Officials
Pike County Bar

56
.... 78
79
.... 89
97
101

Illinois Conference
French in Illinois
British Dominion in Illinois
Illinois as a Territory
Illinois a a Frontier State
Era of Sectional Conflict
Era of Economic Development. .
Capitals and Capitols of Illinois.
Illinois as a State

Military Tract

.... 42
43

Counties Cut from Pike
General Review
Hanson and Shaw
Marquette County
County Seat Contest
First American Settlements
Original Pike County
Log Cabins
State Improvements
Origin of Names of Creeks. .
First Things in Pike County
First White Men in Pike Cou
Black Hawk War

.... 44
45
.... 45
46
.... 46
47
.... 48
48
.... 49
49
.... 49
nty. 50
.... 52
56

Church History
Exodus to California
Banks and Bankers
Newspapers

....102
....103
104
105

Steamboating

....105
107

First Constitution
Derivation of Name Illinois
State Bank
La Fayette's Visit
Pike County

Sny Island Levee
Rural Mail Routes
Illustrious Dead

....109
....111
....112
112

Early Events

....122.
125

....688
638

BIOGRAPHIES OF PROMINENT CITIXENS

Adams, G. S 645 Bonifleld, Robert 593 Clemmons, N. M
Adams Jane E «1« Rorpn j W 275 nnlvin H

Akers, G. W

708
242
650
365
227
249
630
484
187
263
467

Borthwick, William, Jr
Bradburn, B. T
Bradburn, Mark S
Briscoe, E. W
Brown, A. R
Brown, Emma J
Brown, J. C

....469
394
....512
528
649
715
558

Conkright, I. S
Conway, Farrell
Cooper, G. D
Cooper, J. H
Couch, Alexander
Crane, Dr. F. M
Crane, James H
Craven, John, Sr
Cunningham, L. L

....292
....578
....209
266
....744
357
....173
291
183

Anderson, H. L
Anderson, R. A
Anderson, Ray N
Andrew, Dr. H. B
Applegate, A. M

Brown, McClintock
Brown, N. W

....740
698

Bagby, George F
Bagby, Richard D

Brown, W. H
Brown W M

....358
232
....677
563
....727
629

Cunningham, R. E
Daigh, Harrison
Daniels, S. W
Deam, Izora A
Dell, John T
Dickason S M

....352
741
....701
709
....437
552

Baker, W. A
Ballenger J W

369
728
449
166
529
540
363
159
707

Brown, Willis
Browning, C. T
Browning, John J
Bush, G. D
Bush, J. M

Bancroft, A. C
Barber, George
Barldev, W. S
Barnes. N. L
Barnes, R. Y
Barton, Isaac
Batley C W

Dinsmore, J. E

298

Cadwell, Franklin
Capps, G. W

!."403

Dinsmore, W. H
Dix, Rollin M

380
339

Carey, Dr. G. B
Carlen Xavier

....730

Dixon, Job
Dober Mary A

....500
705

Bauer. M. G
Berrv John F

204
592
729
721
330
195
626

Carnes, George
Carnes, S. E

....580
584
340

Doocy, Edward
Doocv, Marv M
Dorsey, John W
Doss Dr C H

....260
263
....433
423

Billings, Charles
Hillitms, J. H
Binns, W. S
Black, George T
Boggs J C F

Charlton. C. A
Chrysup, G. W
Churchill, H. S
Glaus Frank

730
273
....443
628
....298

Doss, Dr. J. I

183

Douglas, C. J
Dow. Augustus
Doyle, Dr. G. W

745
250
....237

Bolin, Charles E

515

Clayton, E. L

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY

Doyle, Warren

.725

Heavner, Bluford

632

Massie, M. D

196

Duff, Asahel

.619

Hess, A. E

620

Matthews, A. C

190

Duffield, Dr. H. T

.376

Hess, J. D

220

Matthews, B. L

310

Dunham, Abel

.601

Hicks, Daniel D

270

Mays, Marcellus

156

Dunham, Daniel

.646

Hicks, R. T

304

Medaris, John

746

Dunham, J. M

.487

Higbee, C. L

149

Meisenbach, W. H

627

Dunham, Richard

.498

Higbee, Harry

184

Miller, Barney

688

Dunham, W. H

.157

Hill, Charles, Sr

5&5

Miller, W. D

689

Dunn, Dr. B. B

.691

Hirsheimer, S., Sr

456

Moore, Samuel

635

Dunn, George H

.468

Holt, S. M

302

Morton, John E

321

Dustin, C. B

.696

Hopkins, B. B

400

Myers, William, Jr

596

Edmiston, Robert

.597

Hopkins, C. L

448

Neese, A. S

737

Ellis, T. B

.254

Horton, Mary L

673-

Nighbert, Dr. J. D

227

Emerson, James

.667

Hoyt, E. S

607

Northup. Arden

183

Farrand, F. H

.723

Hubbard, W. G

201

Norton, J. M

155

Farrand, J. A

.244

Hull, John

680'

Oakley, W. L

569

Farrand, M. K

.436

Hull, Thomas

575

Orr, Jefferson

152

Fenton, F. M

.345

Huntley, Solon

460

±Jarker, G. W

391

First National Bank of Pitts-

Hurt, C. H

660

Payne, W. E

708

field

.307

Hutton, William

670

Peacock, Dr. S. B

533

Fisher, G. R

.466

Ingalls, C. M

522

Peck, William A

744

Fisher, Michael

.669

Ingalls, D. W

575

Pennington, G. S

282

Fisher, T. B

.659

Ingalbe, X. M

316

Penstone, Edward

150

Fortune, Dr. H. C

.347

Ingram, J. T

534

Penstone, Giles H

161

Fortune, Dr. H. D

.622

James, John A

737

Petty, M. N

637

Frank, David

.692

James, W. E

488

Pollock, Dr. J. R

459

Franklin, Robert

.504

Johns, Oscar F

424

Pollock, Dr. R. R

366

Fuller, G. W

.234

Johnson, David

695

Potter, Thomas

546

Furniss, S. F

.416

Johnson, J. G

269

Powell, Eli

448

Gaines, S. S

.567

Johnson, Dr. W. H

609

Powell, Jacob

606

Galloway, A. L

.734

Johnston, Dr. Frank

221

Powell, W. B

347

Gard, Charles

.652

Judd, H. B

267

Pratt, George E

214

Gard, Henry

.489

Kendrick, John

513

Priestly, G. P

399

Garrison, Dr. W. H

.539

Kendrick, S. G

288

Rainwater, Dr. J. H

325

Gay, Dr. F. S

.605

Kennedy, D. S

574

Reed, John

677

Gay, James, Sr

.653

Kenney, C. T

228

Retallic, T. A

313

Gay, Thomas A

.556

Kesinger, Ransom

326

Robb, C. P

402

Gicker, John R

.500

Keys, S. A

625

Roberts, E. M

611

Gillings, Frederick

.639

Kibler, J. T

158

Roberts, G. W

719

Godwin, M. F

.599

Killebrew, Finis

600

Roberts, Susan

342

Goodwin, W. H

.621

King, M. D

370

Ross, A. K

548

Gose, C. B

.478

Riser, A. L

202

Ross, Col. William

222

Grammer, Sam

.455

Klein, W. I

233

Rowland, B. H

238

Gray, George E

.570

Kuhlman, J. W

594

Rupert, C. I

714

Gray, H. N

.421

Landess, Levi

656

Rupert, Mrs. E. L

700

Gray, T. B

.566

Lawson, Frank

551

Rupert, William

693

Greene, Dr. D. W

.675

Leggett, G. W

442

Rupert, William

648

Greene, J. M

.492

Leonard, Alonzo

203-

Rush, Hiram

235

Greiwe, H. H

.579

Lewis, W. H

516

Rust, E. R

435

Griffeth, Justus

.463

Long, W. J. and G. P

678

Sargent, W. P

712

Grimes, W. B

.216

Lockwood, Dr. J. S

390

Schedel, Jacob

476

Grimshaw, W. A

.174

Longnecker, F. A

356

Schwartz, Dr. G. W

657

Grubb, Jon P

.553

Lovell, A. J

617

Scott, Lyman

323

Hadsell, Leander

.415

Loyd, Henry S

257

Scranton, Nathan

739

Haines, C. N

.668

McCann, Nelson

711

Seaborn, W. H

276

Haines, G. R

.655

McCarter, Marcus

470

Seybold, G. W

374

Haines, H. W

.608

McComas, Dr. C. U

511

Shadel, Charles

212

Hake, George

.702

McConnell, Dr. R. J

354

Shastid, Jon

333

Hall, Charles

.725

McDannold, A. L

418

Shastid, Dr. T. W

348

Hammond, L. B

.441

McFarland, George

426

Shastid, Dr. W. E

269

'Hamner, H. J

.720

McFarland, Joseph

410

Shinn, Albion

490

Hanks, Nancy

.690

McKey, J. A

641

Shinn, William

373

Harbourne, J. A

.458

McKinney, Dr. G. B

477

Shive, M. V

557

Harrington, J. C

.731

McKinney, Dr. J. G

168

Shoemaker, Thomas

294

Harvey, Dr. L. J

.438

McMahan, L. W

.....494

Shrigley, G. W

411

Harvey, W. M

.598

Manker, C. A

206

Shultz, N. R

315

Haskins, S. T

.283

Manton, Thomas

454

Sigsworth, John

612

Raskins, W. H

.151

Martin, Hutson

658

Simmons, C. M

319

Hatch, Abbie A

.162

Martin. T. M

427

Sitton, J. K

397

Hatch, John F

.172

Massie, H. A

632

i Skinner, Dr. W. O

253

PAST AND PRESENT OF PIKE COUNTY.

75'

Sleight, John G
Smart, S. H
Smith, David
Smith, Elmer
Smith, George M

559
199
724
726
560
Smith, George W ............... 243

Smith, Granville O ............. 299

Smith, John A ................. 287

Spencer, W. S .................. 353

Standley, G. W ................. 684

Stone, Edward ................. 505

Stoner, D. W ................... 293

Stoner, Dr. E. R ................ 336

Stults. William ................ 256

Sweeting, H. W ................ 509

Sykes, Frank .................. 330

Sykes, James .................. 382

Terry, J. L .................... 213

Thiele, William ................ 565

Thomas, Dr. J. S ............... 506

Thompson, Sylvester W ......... 525

Thornton, N. A ................ 726

Thurmon, Dr. C. E ............. 715

Thurmon, Dr. F. M ............. 236

Thurmon, Dr. J. D ............. 616

Thurmon, Dr. W. F ............. 733

Thurmon, W. H ................ 697

Toner, J. C .................... 393 Williams, Samuel

742

Turnbaugh, W. E 417 Williams, W. E 404

Turnbaugh, Jacob 514 Williamson, E. E 367

Walch, John, Sr 549 Williamson, Gay 258

Walker, J. R 526 Williamson, James 665

Walker, L. L 381 Wills, A. V 204

Walker, W. H 694 Wills, W. R 181

Ward, Lyman 309 Willsey, J. G 264

Watkins, J. F 444 Willsey, W. R 188

Watson, Dr. T. M 547 Wilson, Joseph 481

Webb, I. T 686 Wilson, W. H 379

Weber, John 167 Winans, E. C 432

Weeks, R. M 425 Winans, I. N 536

Welch, Dr. J. H 722 Windmiller, Jacob 301

Wells, H. F .577 Windmiller, W. A 334

Wells, J. H 668 Windsor, W. H 483

Wheelan, James 335 Winn, Charles G. 450

Witham, G. W 401

Woods, E. M 550

Wright, B. S 538

Wyatt, C. R 666

Yaeger, Andrew 268

Yaeger, John G 303

Yokem, Solomon 676

Yokem, W. H 712

Whitaner, James 642

White, John 591

Wike, George 428

Wike, G. H 300

Willard, C. W. .
Willard, S. A. .
Williams, A. C.
Williams, D. A.
Williams, J. W.
Williams, N. B.

493
602

• 412

716

,...290

^

II

A\Kl£^ti$5WSK

.1

\\^S

x-* •• V;*