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PUBLISHED   MONTHLY,  AT  306  BROADWAY,  FOR  »1.00   PER  YEAR. 
"  Entered  at  tht  Pott  Office  of  New  York,  N.  T.,  at  tecond-clatt  matter." 


NEW   YORK,   JANUARY,   1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  1. 


PabltohPM    of   Wn.TJAMS     4.     SOUTHERLAND'S 
COPY-BOOKS.  I  la  niid  121  William  St..  N.  Y. 

PaONOGR.\l>HT  AKI>  TVPK-WBITING 

Taoght    in    clnM.  iirivaiely  ur   by  mail.     Studied  wilh 


SHORTHAND  WBITINO 

Thoroughly  taught  by  mail  or  pertoiially, 
procarea  for  pupils  when  competent.  Send  fi 
W.  O.  ChajTEK,  Oanego,  N.  Y. 


r  ENGLAND  1 


.  CRANDI.E,  ValparaiiO, 


S  NORMAL  PENMANSHIP  INSTI- 
TUTE, Keokuk,  lowR. 
in  1871.  Life  Memliereblp,  |35. 


Lesson  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  XVII. 

It  K  V  I  !■:  \v. 


?w  Iff  tin-  long  lapse  of  time  and 
the  multitude  of  new  readers  of  the  JouR- 
HAL  since  the  beginning  of  this  course  of 
lesions  we  have  deemed  it  fitting  that  we 
should,  to  some  extent,  in  this  new  year's 
number  review  the  leading  points  that  we 
have  endeavored  to  make  during  the  course. 
As  we  stated^  at  the  outset,  our  purpose 
has  been  to  present,  not  the  detailed  analy- 
sis of  writing,  but  to  give  such  general  sug- 
gestion and  criticisms  repocting  successful 
methods  for  the  teaching  and  practice  of 
practical  writing  as  we  were  able.  This 
course  was  deemed  most  desirable  from  the 
fact  that  thfee  courses  of  analytical  les- 
sons had  been  given  respectively  by  the 
editors  of  the  JftuitNAL  and  Prof.  J.  W. 
Payson,  associate  author  of  the  popular 
system  of  Payson,  Dunton  &  Scribncr. 

First.  An  importance  to  the  pupil  in  wri- 
ting is  a  COKKECT  POSITION.  As  in  logic 
an  error  in  the  premises  must  lead  to  false 
conclusions,  so  a  bad  position,  while  learn- 
ing to  write,  must  lead  to  failure.  It  is 
only  when  in  a  correct  position  that  the  pen, 
even  in  the  hand  of  Its  skillful  master,  is 
capable  of  producing  the  smooth  graceful 
lino,  shade  and  curve  so  essential  to  good 
writing;  if  8Hch  IB  the  fact,  when  in  a 
master's  hand,  how  doubly  so  it  is  in  the 
undisciplined  and  struggling  hand  of  the 
learner ! 


It  is  also  important  that  a  proper  posi- 
tion be  maintained  at  the  table  or  desk,  as 
well  as  the  relative  positions  of  the  pen, 
hand,  paper,  desk,  and  body. 

Each  of  three  positions  at  the  desk  have 
more  or  less  advocates,  and  each,  in  our 
opinion,  is  commeudable  according  to  the 
circumstances  of  the  writer.  We  give  each 
position  with  the    reasons    urged    in    their 


— Turn  the  right  aide 
near  to  the  desk  but  not  in  contact  with  it. 

Keep  the  body  erect,  the  feet  level  on  the 
Hoor.  Place  the  right  arm  parallel  to  the 
edge  of  the  desk,  resting  on  the  muscles  just 
forward  of  the  elbow,  and  rest  the  hand  on 
the  nails  of  the  third  and  fourth  fingers,  not 
permitting  the  wrist  to  touch  the  paper. 
Let  the  liands  be  at  right  angles  to  each 
Oliver,  and  rest  on  the  book,  keeping  the 
book  parallel  to  the  side  of  tlie  desk. 

This  position  is  advocated  as  furnishing 
the  best  support  for  the  hand  and  arm  while 
writing,  and  we  think  not  without  justice  in 
school  or  class-rooms,  where  the  desk  is 
often  sloping  and  n; 


live  positions  maintained  as  in  the  right  and 
front.  This  position  is  advocated  ou  the 
ground  of  its  relieving  the  right  ami  from 
being  burdened  with  any  support  of  the 
body  while  writing,  and  thus  giving  a  more 
free,  rapid,  and  less  tiresome  action  to  the 
hand  and  arm ;  this  argument  has  consider- 


able force  where  the  fore-t 
movement  is  practi<!ed. 

It  is  also  the  most  convenie 
necessity,   in     the     counting-rc 
and  large  books  are 
a  position  at  right  . 


'  muscular 


n  whore 
iqnired  to 
Qgles  with 


the  desli,  and  also  in  the  execution  of 
drawings  or  specimens  of  penmanship 
which  necessarily,  or  most  conveniently, 
occupy  positions  directly  in  front  of  the 
artist. 

Another  position  at  the  desk,  sometimes 
advocated  by  authors  and  teachers,  is  the 
nglit  oblicjue,  which  is  a  position  between 
the  front  and  side,  thus, 


OBLiytlE 

opinion,  which  of  these  positions  is  to  be 
adopted,  is  not  of  such  vital  importance  as 
that  the  proper  relative  position  of  pen, 
hand,  and  paper  should  be  maintained,  and 
that  the  arm  should  be  perfectly  free  from 
the  weight  of  the  body  wliile  writing. 


Front  position.  -In  this  the  same  rela- 
tive position  of  hand,  pen,  and  paper  should 
be  maintained  as  described  in  the  former 
one.  In  commercial  colleges  and  writing 
academies  where  more  spacious  desks  or 
tables  are  used  than  in  the  common  school- 
room, this  position  is  admissible  and  is 
frequently  adopted. 

Lkft  position.— Without  illustrating 
this  position  we  would  say  that  the  left  side 
is  presented  to  the  desk,  and  the  same  rela- 


PosiTioN  OF  PEN  AND  ARM.— Take  the 
pen  between  the  first  and  second  fingers 
and  thumb,  letting  it  cross  the  fore-finger 
just  forward  of  the  knuckle  (a)  and  the 
second  finger  at  the  root  of  the  nail  (n)  J  of 
an  inch  from  the  pen's  point.  Bring  the 
point  (c)  squarely  to  the  paper  and  let  the 
tip  of  the  holder  (d)  point  toward  the  right 
shoulder. 

The  thumb  should  be  bent  outward  at  the 
first  joint,  and  (e)  touch  the  holder  opposite 
the  first  joint  ot  the  fore-finger. 

The^rsi  and  semnd  fingers  should  touch 
each  otheo  as  far  as  the  first  joint  of  the  first 
finger;  the  third  and  fourth  must  be  slight- 
ly curved  and  separate  from  the  others  at 
the  middle  joint,  and  rest  upon  the  paper 
at  the  tips  of  the  uail.«.     The   wrist  must 


always  be  elevated  a  little  above  the  desk. 
This  position  of  the  pen  is  undoubtedly  the 
beat  for  all  writers  using  the  finger  move- 
ment, as  it  admits  of  the  greatest  freedom 
And  facility  of  action  of  the  fingers;  but 
among  writers  using  the  muscular  move- 
ment, where  less  depends  upon  the  action  of 
the  fingers,  it  is  common,  and  we  think  well, 
to  allow  the  holder  to  fall  back  and  below 
the  knuckle  joint ;  it  is  easier  held,  and,  from 
its  forming  a  more  acute  angle  with  the 
paper,  moves  more  readily  and  smoothly 
over  its  surface. 

Finger  Movement  is  the  combined  action 
of  the  first  and  second  fingers  and  thumb. 

Fore-Arm  Movement  is  the  action  of  the 
fore-arm  sliding  the  hand  on  the  nails  of 
ihe  third  and  fourth  fingers. 

Combined  Movement  is  that  which  is 
most  used  in  business  penmanship.  It  is  a 
union  of  the^bre-arm  with  the  finger  move- 
ment, and  posesses  great  advantage  over 
the  other  movements  in  the  greater  rapidity 
and  ease  with  which  it  is  employed. 

Whole-Arm  Movement  is  the  action  of 
the  whole  arm  from  the  shoulder,  with  the 
elbow  slightly  raised,  and  the  hand  sliding 
on  the  nails  of  the  third  and  fourth  fingers. 
And  is  used  with  facility  in  striking  capital 
letters  and  in  ofl'-hand  fiourishing. 

Main  Alant.     A  straight  line 
the  right  of  the  ver- 
tical, forming  an  angle  of  52° 
with  the   horizontal,  gives  the 
main  slant  (M.  S.)  for  all  written  letters. 

Connective  Slant.  Curves  which  connect 
straight  lines  in  small  letters,  in  a  medium 
style  of  writing,  are  usually  made  on  an 
angle  of  :10'^.  This  is  called  the  connective 
slant  (  C.  S.).     See  diagram. 

Base  Line.  The  horizontal  line  on  which 
the  writing  rests  is  called  the  base  line. 

Head  lAne.  The  horizontal  line  to  which 
the  short  letters  extend  is  called  the  head 

Top  line.  The  horizontal  line  to  which 
the  loop  and  capital  letters  extend  is  called 
the  top  line. 

A  Space  in  Height  is  the  height  of  small  *. 

A  Space  in  Width  is  the  width  of  small  u. 

The  distance  between  the  small  letters  is 
H  spaces,  measured  at  head  line,  except  in 
the  a,  d,  g,  and  q.  The  top  of  the  pointed 
oval  in  these  letters  should  be  two  spaces  to 
the  right  of  a  preceding  letter. 

Upper  and  Lower  Turtvi.  In  the  analy- 
sis of  small  letters,  short  curves  occur  as 
connecting  links  between  the  principles. 
These  curves  we  call  turns.  When  one 
appears  at  the  top  of  a  letter,  it  is  called  an 
upper  turn;  when  at  the  base,  it  is  called  a 
lower  turn. 

Movement  exercise.  All  instruction 
in  penmanship  should  be  imitated  with  a 
liberal  use  of  movement  exercises,  which 
should  be  arranged  and  practiced  with  the 
view  of  facilitating  upward  and  downward  as 
well  as  lateral  movement  of  the  hand,  and 
each  and  every  lesson  should  be  preceded 
with  more  or  less  practice  upon  movement 

care  in    PRACTICE. 
In  practicing  upon  movements  and  wri- 
ting, it  should  be  constantly  borne  in  mind 
that  it  is  not  the  amount  of  practice  so  much, 
as    the    careful    and    thoughtful    effort   to 


^^^-.^^m^^mm 


acquire  i>rcci8io  3  aod  rertaiaty,  that  det«r- 
tiiioes  the  6ucce«s  of  the  writer. 

It  is  ofteo  said  that  "practice  raakee 
perfect."  This  is  true  if  the  term  practice 
implies  thoughtful,  patieot,  and  pereisteot 
effort  for  improvetneDt ;  othenirise  it  n;ay 
be  quite  untrue. 

Thoughthh'ss  scrihhliug  tendi  rather  to 
retard  thao  to  eohanoe  the  acquisition  of 
good  wriliog.  Kach  time  a  copy  has  been 
cfirelesflly  repeated,  incorrect,  or  bad  habtte 
Iiiive  been  confirmed  rather  than  corrected — 
a  move  backward  instead  ol  forward.  Tbis 
is  a  fact  not  Hulliciently  appreciated  by 
teachers  or  pupils.  Better  far  not  practice 
than  to  do  so  carelessly  ;  one  might  as  well 
seek  to  win  a  race  by  occasionally  taking  a 
turn  in  the  opposite  direction. 

Gr)od  or  M'ell  constructed  writing  is  no 
more  essential  than  that  it  should  he  exe- 
cuted with  facility  and  case ;  yet  we  would 
havd  no  learner  fall  into  the  mistaken  idea 
that  be  is  to  give  special  attention  to  speed 
before  having  acquired,  by  deliberate  study 
and  practice,  correct  forms  and  proportions 
in  writing ;  first,  mscuracy,  then  speed ;-' 
rapid  and  thouglitleas  practice  is  worse  than 
useless— the  mind  must  be  educated  before 
the  hand.  The  band  and  pen  are  only  the 
servants  of  the  mind,  and  as  such  can  never 
surpass  the  mind's  conception  and  power  to 
guide  and  direct  in  any  performance. 

If  upon  the  tablets  of  the  mind  there  is 
presented  constantly  to  our  mental  vision  a 
perfect  copy  of  the  letters  pud  their  varied 
combinations  into  graceful  writing,  the  hand 
will  strike  for  the  single  and  de&nite  purpose 
of  reproducing  the  same,  and  will  progress 
steadily  to  the  attainment  of  skill  requisite 
for  the  reproduction  of  the  most  perfect  con- 
ceptions of  the  mind.  The  hand  of  the 
greatest  sculptor  or  artist  hasjio  cunning 
not  imparted  by  a  skillful  brain.  Michael 
Angelo  was  the  chief  of  artists,  because  of 
his  superior  mental  conception  of  art,  and 
may  we  not  puppose  that  the  untouched 
canvas  presented  to  his  mental  vision  all  the 
grandeur  of  beauty  in  design  aud  finish 
that  delighted  the  eye  of  the  beholdi-r  when 
finished  into  tlic  most  exquisite  work  of  art  t 
The  hand  can  never  excel  the  conception 
of  the  mind  that  educates  and  directs  its 
action.  If  Spencer  or  Flickinger  excel  all 
others  in  the  perfection  and  beauty  of  their 
penmanship,  is  it  not  because  of  their  super- 
ior concepticm  of  that  in  which  superior 
penmanship  consists?  The  student,  who 
would  have  succes.s,  must  see  tliat  his  prac- 
tice is  preceded  and  always  attended  with 
thoughtful  study  and  criticism. 

After  having  once  written  the  copy,  study 
and  criticise  your  e3brt  before  the  next  trial. 
Your  faults  noted,  and  a  thought  as  to  how 
tliey  may  be  best  corrected,  will  enable  you 
to  make  an  intelligent  aud  successful  effort 
fnr  improvement.  Uomemher  that  unknown 
faults  can  never  be  avoided  or  corrected. 
Fir^t,  study  to  discover,  and  then  to  mend. 
Short  exercises — or  copies — if  rightly  prac- 
tiia'd,  are  much  more  favorable  for  improve- 
meutthan  long  ones,  inasmuch  as  they  are  re- 
pealed at  intervals  so  short  as  to  keep  faults 
luid  criticisms  freah  in  mind,  while  oft-ro- 
pciiti'd  eflbrls  for  correcliou  will  be  corrt-s- 
po  ulingly  effective.  Faults  observed  by 
ourselves  or  pointed  out  by  others,  at  the 
beginning  of  a  long  copy,  are  very  likely  to 
be  ovit  of  mind  before  that  portion  of  the 
nmy  iu  which  they  occur  is  repeated. 


must  give  the  manual  dexterity  for  it>  e(\:^y 
and  graceful  execution.  Many  persons 
fail  to  become  good  writers  from  not  proper- 
ly uniting  study  and  practice.  Careful  study 
with  loo  little  practice  will  give  writing 
comparatively  accurate  in  its  form  and 
manner  of  construction,  but  labored,  stiff 
and  awkward  in  its  execution,  while,  upon 
the  other  hand,  much  practice  with  little 
study  imparts  a  more  easy  and  Howiug  style, 
but  with  much  less  accuracy  as  regards  the 
forms  of  the  letters  and  general  proponion 
and  construction  of  the  writing,  which  will 
commonly  have  a  loose  and  sprawly  appear- 
ance. Example  of  writing  which  has 
resulted  more  from  study  than  practice. 


Example  of  writing  in  which  there  has 
been  more  practice  than  study. 

Writing,   the    result  of   study  properly 
combined  with  practice. 


Writing  Not  a  Si»e 


.   GlPT. 


It  is  often  said  that  good  writing  is  a 
"  special  gift."  This  idea  is  not  only  falla- 
cious, but  is  exceedingly  pernicious,  as 
regards  the  at-quisiti-iu  of  gond  writing,  in- 
asmuch as  it  tends  to  discourage  pupils  who 
write  badly,  by  leading  thein  to  believe  that, 
not  having  "  the  gift,"  they  are  debarred 
from  becouiiug  gnod  writers. 

0(.^d  writing  is  no  more  a  gitt  than  Is 
good  readiug,  spelling,  grammar,  or  any 
o'her  attainment,  and  in  the  same  way  it  is, 
nnd  can  be  acquired,  viz :  by  patient  and 
studious  effort. 

The  cora'ct  form  and  consiructijn  of  wri- 
ting im^t  be  Uamed  by  study,  while  practice 


^^ 


Undoubtedly  many  of  our  readers  will  see 
forcibly  illustrated  in  one  of  these  examples 
their  own  experience ;  so  manifest  is  the 
effect  of  these  different  modes  of  practice 
that  we  have  only  to  glance  at  a  piece  of 
writing  to  discern  the  extent  in  which  a 
writer  has  combined  study  with  practice 
while  learning  to  write. 

UnITV    and   SlMl'LICITT    OF   FORM. 

It  is  a  trite  and  true  saying  that  '■  a  jack 
of  all  trades  is  good  at  none."  This  U  so 
from  the  fact  that  working  at  many  things 
neither  the  hand  or  brain  can  attain  .to  a 
high  order  of  proficiency  or  skill.  It  is  the 
specialist  that  advances  the  standard  of 
progress  in  all  the  directions  of  human  dis- 
covery. Concentration  of  thought  and 
action  makes  tlte  great  masters  of  the  world, 
while  by  a  diffusion  of  the  same  the  greatest 
genius  is  dissipated  and  fails  to  attain  to  a 
marked  degree  of  eminence. 

So  in  learning  to  write,  the  pupil  who 
vacillates  between  many  systems  and  multi- 
tudinous forms  of  letters  must  inevitably 
fail  of  becoming  an  expert  and  skillful 
writer.  He  has  too  much  to  learn  ia  learn 
it  well,  and,  like  "the  jack  of  many  trades," 
must  fail. 

It  is  a  matter  of  frequent  observation  that 
persons  learning  or  practicing  writing  vacil- 
late between  from  two  to  six  different  f  rms 
of  tlie  capitals,  and  as  many  as  are  possible 
in  the  small  letters,  apparently  in  the  belief 
that  variety  is  the  chief  element  of  good 
vrriting,  which  is  a  double  mistake,  as  it  de- 
tracts from  the  good  appearance  of  the  wri- 
ting, at  the  same  time  that  it  enhances  the 
dilliiculty  of  learning  and  of  executing  it. 

For  example,  we  have  known  writers 
who,  iu  executing  a  short  piece  of  writing, 
would  for  many  of  the  letters  make  use  of 
forms  as  varied  and  numeruus  as  follows  : 


less  variety  in  all  of  the 
letters,  thus  requiring  study  and  practice 
upon  about  one  hundred  different  and  un- 
necessarily complicated  forms  for  the  alpha- 
bet, ic  pi  ice  of  twenty-six.  Thus  the  labor 
and  uncertainly  of  becoming  a  skillful  writer 
is  magnified  four-fold.  A  single  and  simple 
form  for  each  letter,  capital  and  small, 
should  be  adopted,  and,  with  a  few  excep- 
tions which  we   shall   explain  during  this 


i-i.urse  (if  lessons,  should  be  invariably  prac- 
ticed. Their  f^eciuent  and  uniform  repeti- 
tion will  impart  that  accuracy  of  f>rm, 
grace,  and  facility  of  execution  which  con- 
stitutes good  writing. 

The  simple  forms  are  not  only  more  easily 
acquired  and  more  rapidly  executed,  but 
they  are  more  easily  read  than  the  in  re 
ornate  styles:  in  fact,  those  forms  tliat  cost 
the  most  are  worth  the  least.  It  is  as  if  a 
merchant  should  constantly  purchase  an  in- 
ferior class  of  merchandise  and  pay  the  high 
price  of  the  best :  his  chances  for  success 
certainly  would  not  be  very  promising. 
EcoNOMV  OF  Form. 

Labor,  whether  of  the  clerk  or  mechanic, 
is  rewarded  according  to  the  results  it  can 

The  copyist  or  clerk  who  can  write  one 
hundred  words  equally  as  well  in  the  same 
time  that  another  writes  fifty,  will  certainly, 
other  things  being  equal,  command  twice 
as  much  pay.  The  rapidity  with  which 
writing  can  be  executed  depends  largely 
upon  the  simplicity  of  the  forms  of  letters 
used,  and  the  size  of  the  writing.  A 
medium  or  small  hand  is  written  with  much 
more  ease  and  rapidity  than  a  large  hand, 
from  the  fact  that  the  pen  can  be  carried 
over  short  spaces  in  less  time  and  with 
greater  ease  than  over  long  ones,  and  can 
execute  simple  forms  more  easily  and  rapid- 


ly than   complicated 


i.     To    illustrate. 
>  habitually  make 
the  capital  R  thus : 

Which  requires  eleven  motions 
of  the  hand  to  e.\ecute,  and  that 
another  were  to  uniformly  make  it 
thus : 
Requiring  only  four  motions  of 
the  hand.  It  is  apparent  that  the 
difference  of  time  required  to  make 
each  cannot  be  less  than  the  proportion  of 
eleven  to. four;  that  is  not  all.  The  com- 
plicated form  consists  of  many  lines,  some 
of  which  are  required  tu  run  parallel  to  each 
other,  and  all  made  with  reference  to  balanc- 
ing or  harmonizing  with  some  other  lino, 
and  requires  to  bo  made  with  much  greater 
care  and  skill  than  the  more  simple  f>rin, 
so  that  the  disadvantage  is  even  greater 
than  indicated  by  the  simple  proportion 
between  eleven  and  four. 

The  practice  of  these  complex  forms  of 
tlie  alphabet  will  be  fatal  to  rapid  and 
legible  business  wTiiing. 

These  remarks  are  intended  to  apply 
more  especially  to  business  and  unprofes- 
sional writing.  Where  uhow  and  beauty 
are  of  greater  consideration  than  dispatch, 
variety  and  complexity  of  forms  are  quite 
proper,  aud  even  necessary. 

We  here  give  the  entire  alphabet  of  cap- 
itals such  as  we  would  reeoitimeud  for  all 
business  purposes,  as  combining  simplicity 
of  fonn  and  ease  of  construction: 


We  vrould  add  as  not  objectionable  the 
following : 

Correct  Proportions  Essential  to 
Goon  Writing 
One  might  be  able  to  execute  faultlessly 
each  single  letter  of  the  alphabet,  and  yet 
be  a  nmst  miserable  writer.  Writing  to  be 
really  uood  must  be  harmonious  in  all  Its 
parts ;  letters  must  be  proportionate  to  each 
other,  properly  connected,  6pa':ed,  have  a 
uniform  slope  and  degree  of  pen-pressure, 
etc.,  as  well  as  an  easy  and  graceful  move- 
ment.    The  following  example  will  illus- 


trate  the    bad  effect   of   disproporliu 


O. 


~/lu,etU?u 


It  will  be  seen  that  each  letter  taken  by  it- 
self is  creditably  acc.irate  In  form,  and  yet 
when  associated  with  each  other  in  a  word, 
they  present  an  appearancd  a*  ungainly  as 
would  an  ox  yoked  with  an  elephant.  We 
have  often  seen  writing  In  which  the  letters 
were  really  badly  formed,  yet  so  harmonious 
in  their  combinations  and  easy  in  their  con- 
struction as  to  present  an  attractive,  not  to 
say  an  elegant,  effect ;  while  upon  me 
other  hand  we  have  often  8'>en  writing  in 
which  the  letters  we'-e  well  formed,  aud  yet 
89  awkward  in  their  combinations  and 
labored  in  their  execution  as  to  be  really 
painful  to  the  sight  of  persons  having  a  re- 
fined and  correct  taste  regarding  writing. 

Correct  and  Incorrect  Spacing. 

Another  important  factor  of  good  writing 
is  the  proper  spacing  and  connecting  of 
letters  and  words ;  upon  these  very  much 
depends,  as  in  many  instances  the  connect- 
ing lines  alone  impart  the  distinctive  char- 
acter to  letters. 

In  determining  the  proper  spacing  of 
writing,  the  distance  between  the  straight 
lines  of  the  small  u  may  be  taken  as  a  space 
in  width.  The  distance  between  the  parts 
of  letters  having  more  than  one  downward 
stroke  should  bo  one  space :  between  the 
letters,  one  and  one-fourth  spaces,  measured 
at  the  bead  line,  except  a,  rf,  (/,  and  g, 
which  should  occupy  tMo  spaces,  measuring 
from  the  preceding  letter  to  the  jioint  of 
the  ovals ;  between  words  there  should  be 
two  spaces. 

EXAMPLE  OK  CORKRCT  SPACING: 


e^tr?^ 


'^riy7wmAe^iz4i/'^r?p 


;g  Lin 


Much  care  should  be  exercised  while 
practicing  to  employ  the  proper  curve  for 
conneotiug  letters  and  their  parts.  It  is  a 
very  common  and  grievous  fault  in  writing 
that  a  straight  line  or  the  wrong  curve  is 
employed  in  the  construction  and  connection 
of  letters,  thus  leaving  them  without  dis- 
tinctive character,  or  i  oparting  one  whicli 
is  frtlso  and  misleading.  As  for  instance,  a 
form  made  thus^^^  is  really  no  letter,  but 
may  be  taken  for  an  /7'^  a  -^-l-^  and 
possibly  for  a  ,^-^:^-  In  cases  where  the 
context  does  not  determine,  its  identity  be- 
comes a  mere  matter  of  guess,  and  when 
extended  thus  ypf4^  'fs  significance,  as 
will  be  seen,  Is  still  more  vague  and  un- 
certain, as  it  might  be  intended  for  either  of 
the  following  seven  combinat'ons : 

With  a  properly  trained  hand  no  more  time 
or  effort  is  required  to  impart  the  true  and 
unmistakable  characteristics  to  each  letter 
than  to  make  forms  whose  identity  is  open 
to  doubt  and  conjecture. 

Slant  of  Writing. 

The  degree  of  slant  now  adojited  by  the 
leading  authors  and  one  which  we  approve, 
is  at  an  angle  of  52"*  from  the  horizontal,  as 
per  diagram  in  another  column. 

The  relative  effects  of  correct  and  incor- 
rect slope  may  be  seen  in  the  following 
examples: 


The  variation  in  the  slope  of  different 
letters  and  their  parts  will  be  rendered  much 
more  perceptible  by  drawing  straight  ex- 
tended lines  through  their  parts,  thus : 


One  of  the  most  common  faults 
icctirs  on  the  last  part  of  letters  m, 
Dii  p,  which  are  made  thas : 


Size  of  Writixo. 

In  its  practical  application  to  the  affairs 
of  life,  wriiiog  must  be  greatly  varied  iu  its 
jrdiug  to  the  place  in  aud  purpose 
for  which  it  is  used. 

It  would  be  obviouHly  bad  taste  to  use 
the  same  size  aud  style  of  writing  for  the 
headings  of  a  ledger  aud  other  books  of 
account  or  retwrd  that  would  bo  employed 
on  the  body  of  a  page.  Id  the  address  of 
a  letter  and  superscription  upon  the  envelope 
mucli  greater  lii 

style,  may  be  taken,  llian  iu  the  body  of 
the  writing.  Nor  is  it  practical  at  all  times 
to  maintain  a  uniform  size  for  body  writing. 
It  may  with  propriety  be  written  larger 
upon  wide  tlian  narrow  ruled  paper.  Care 
should  always  he  taken  to  guago  the  size  of 
the  writing  according  to  the  space  in,  and 
purpose  fur  which  it  is  to  be  written.  This 
should  be  dune  by  varying  the  scale,  rather 
llian  the  pmportious  of  the  writing.  When 
writing  upon  ruled  paper  we  should  always 
imagine  the  space  between  the  lines  to  be 
divided  into  four  equal  spaces,  three  of 
which  may  be  occupied  by  the  writing,  the 
fourth  must  not  be  touched,  save  by  the 
downward  extended  letters  from  the  line 
above.  This  ojien  space  between  the  Unea 
separates  them,  and  enables  the  eye  more 
readily  to  follow  aud  distinguish  between 
the  lines  when  readiug.  A  small  or  me- 
dium hand  is  the  best,  both  as  regards  the 
readiness  with  which  it  is  read,  or  ease  and 
rapidity  of  its  execution. 

Jn  a  large  hand  the  writing  is  apt  to  be 
more  or  less  intermingled  and  confused,  the 
loops  of  one  line  ofteu  cutting  into  and  ob- 
scuring the  writing  upon  other  lines,  while 
the  more  e."ctcnded  swepps  of  the  pen  in  the 
largo  writing  are  proportionately  slow  and 
tedious. 

For  legibility,  ease  and  rapidity  of  exe- 
cution, small  unshaded  writing  Is  decidedly 
the  best. 

As  a  convenience  for  reference  and  prac- 
tice, we  here  repeat  all  the  copies  hitherto 
given  iu  the  course  which  will  terminate 
with  the  twentieth  lesson. 

Lessons  I.  and  XI.  were  devoted  to  move- 
ment and  capital 


M 

To  those  who  desire  these  copies  in  a  still 
more  desirable  style  and  fonn  for  use,  we 
would  say  that  we  have  bad  them  carefully 
engraved  on  copper  by  James  McLees,  and 
printed  upon  a  single  sheet,  together  with 
twenty  additional  copies  of  half  a  line 
each.  All  of  which  will  be  mailed  to  any 
address  for  10  cents. 

Local  Differences. 

To  the  candidate  for  social  position  :  In 
New  York,  the  chief  quesli<m  is,  "  How 
much  money  have  you  gott"  In  Boston, 
"What  do  you  know?"  In  Philadelphia, 
"  Who  was  your  father  and  grand-fatlierf" 
In  Chicago,  "Where  are  you  from,  aud 
what  can  vou  do  ?" 


The  percentage  of  those  who  prepared  for 
or  entered  ihc  Protestant  ministry  has  fallen 
in  Harvard's  graduates  from  53.3  per  cent, 
to  6.7  per  cent.  Yale,  from  75.7  per  cent, 
to  15  per  cent.  Princeton,  from  50  per 
cent,  to  21.12  per  cent,  Brown,  from  35 
per  cent,  to  22.4  per  cent.  OberUn,  from 
66  per  cent,  to  31.3  per  cent.  Columbia, 
18  per  cent,  to  5.8  per  cent.— JV'o^re  Dame 
Scliotastic. 


Opinions. 


Wlienever  I  want  a  feast  I  get  down  one  of 
the  handsomely  bound  volumes  of  the  "  Pen- 
man's Akt  Journal."  I  notice,  iu  mv 
perusal,  that  the  editors'  opinions  as  to  all 
questions  have  been  freely  given,  and  quite 
satisfactory.  In  view  of  this  fact,  I  made  a 
special  Tequtst  that  all  my  questions  be  an- 
swered by  one  or  many  of  its  readers,  be- 
lieving that  an  interchange  of  opinion  would 
be  beneficial.  Not  one  single  answer  has 
appeared,  after  waiting  and  watchiug  three 
months.  What  must  be  my  conclusion, 
either  the  questions  were  of  little  or  no  im- 
portaoceand  not  worthy  of  attention  or  that 
the  fraternity,  oyster- shell- like,  have  sealed 
themselves  and  propose  to  keep  answers  to 
facts  so  valuable  witliin  the  proper  limit. 

Let  us  be  more  friendly,  aud  make  the 
world  better  by  giving  the  rising  geueration 
such  instiuction  as  will  lighten  their  labors 
and  advance  the  cause  in  which  brother 
Ames  is  so  nobly  engaged. 

Question  1.  What  is  meant  by  shade,  and 
how  secure  its  full  development  f  Ans. 
By  shading  is  meant  beautifying  the  letters. 
1st,  let  some  simple  rules  govern ;  2d,  imi- 
tatiem  should  be  exorcised;  3d,  tlie  cultiva- 
of  taste. 

Question  2.  Is  it  objectionable  to  take  oft' 
the  hand  after  making  the  first  part  of  small 
p,  and  the  introductory  line  to  a,  d,  g,  q, 
and  one  style  of  c  f    Ans.  No. 

Question  3.  What  are  the  reasons  for 
making  the  last  part  of  some  capitals  below 
Une  f  Aitx.  1st,  good  taste  demands 
it ;  2d,  ease  and  grace  of  movement  develop 
forms  that  are  oval-shaped;  3d,  the  rate  ot 
speed  in  the  execution  of  some  letters  is  such 
with   the  general  re- 


Question  4.  Why  is  the  preference  given 
to  below  the  line  f  Ans.  Because  in  an  oval 
below  the  line  a  single  motion  or  set  of 
muscles  is  used,  and  iu  making  the  last  part 
on  the  Une,  like  K  or  K,  a  comhination  mo- 
tion is  used,  thus  requiring  more  skill  in  ex- 
ecution. 

Question  5.  Why  is  the  tendency  to  make 
8  in  small  letters  greater  than  oth- 
ers f  A71S.  Because  the  downward  strokes 
of  some  letters  tend  toward  curves,  and  are 
somewhat  so — while  in  others  they  are 
straight.  In  attempting  to  produce  the 
proper  curve  a  greater  amount  is  usually 
producing  large  turns  on  base  line  or 
bottom  of  letters;  while  in  the  straight 
;s  angles  are  very  often  produced.  Rem' 
try  to  make  alt  downward  strokes 
straight. 

Question  6.  What  determines  the  artistic 
form  of  letters  f    Ans.  Good  taste. 

Question  7.  Originally,  did  form  precede 
analysis  1    Ans.  Yes, 

Question  8.  Why  is  the  tendency  to  make 
loop-letters  below  the  Hue  larger  than  those 
above?  Ans.  1st,  because  the  letters  below 
the  line  are  easier  made  (well),  from  the 
fact  that  the  downward  stroke  is  made  first, 
giving  a  guide  for  the  upper;  2d,  the  loops 
above  the  line  are  made  difficult  because  the 
proper  curve  nmat  be  made  first,  and  the 
straight  light  cross  at  an  imaginary  point. 

Question  9.  What  is  the  tendency  as  to 
direction  in  producing  upward  strokes  in 
loop-letters  aud  capitals  t  Ans.  Too  slant- 
ing. 

Question  10.  What  is  the  tendency  as  to 
direction  in  producing  downward  strokes  ? 
Ans.  Nearly  vertical. 

Question  11.  Is  it  necessary  to  change 
position  of  «e?/ or /)a/)ffr  as  to  direction  while 
executing  set  of  capitals  that  will  stand  the 
test  of  slant?    Ans.  Yes. 

Question  12.  Is  there  any  difference  in 
position  of  body  while  executing  with  the 
whole-arm  or  toro-arm  ?     Ans.  Yes. 

Question  13.  Why  was  50  t^.  52  degrees 
chosen  as  the  proper  main  slant  for  writing  ? 
Ans.  For  beauty,  speed  aud  adaptahility. 

Question  14.  Should  all  the  turns  at  the 
lop  and  bottom  of  short  and  extended  letters 
be  about  the  same  f     Ans.  Yes. 

Question  15.  Are  the  introductory  lines 


to  r,  p  and  final  t  on  less  slant  than  any 
other  small  letters?    Ans.  Yes. 

Question  10.  Has  the  intri>ductory  Une  to 
small  e  greatx-r  slant  than  any  other  small 
letter,  or  is  the  curve  simply  greater?  Ans. 
The  latter. 

(Question  IT.  In  any  kind  of  fore-arm 
work  should  beginners  attempt  to  move  the 
hand  entirely  across  the  paper  without  lift- 
ing tho  peu  ?  .^Ina.  No.  About  one-third 
way  across  is  sufficient,  and  will  answer  all 
purposes. 

Question  IS^  Should  the  position  of  the 
feet  be  the  same  in  whole-arm  as  fore-arm. 
Am.  No. 

Question  10.  Why  do  moat  systems  join 
the  lower  part  of  f  at  half-space  above  base 
line  f  Ans.  Because  the  authors  deem  it 
correct,  or  knowing  the  error,  do  nut  care  to 
go  to  the  expense  of  changing  all  the  plates 
for  such  a  tritle.  My  preference  is  ^ven  to 
closing  at  base  line. 

Question  30.  What  determines  the  slant 
of  each  capital,  supposing  tho  standard 
forms  be  taken  ? 


Letter-Writing. 


Ho' 


absurd !  Just  think  of  it !  I  mean 
in  writing  letters,  that  every  time  a  response 
is  roe  rived  from    certain   correspondents,  it 

as  if  the  top  of  the  paper  was  stereotyped, 
"  1  take  my  peu  in  hand  to  let  you  know," 
etc.  One  can  almost  read  the  first  page 
without  opening  the  envelope.  "  Variety 
is  the  spice  of  life,"  and  in  no  part  of  life — 
tor  letter-writing  has  grown  to  be  a  part  of 
most  lives— more  than  in  letter- writing. 
Charming  leiter-writers  are  few,  and  if  we 
discover  such  a  one  we  will  do  well  to  add 
them  to  the  list  of  our  correspondents,  if 
possible.  I  have  in  my  mind  a  respected 
aud  much  loved  friend,  who  invariably  pre- 
faces every  sentence  with'  "  Now  I  will  say 
to  you."  It  is  a  sheer  waste  of  paper  and 
time,  and  after  wading  through  several 
pages,  it  not  only  grows  monotonous,  but 
laughable.  It  reminds  one  of  the  habit 
some  persons  have  unconsciously  fallen  into, 
when  talking,  of  interlarding  tlieir  sentences 
and  phrases  with  *'  you  know,"  or  "  I  said, 
says  I."  Some  persons  seem  to  have  a  nat- 
ural talent  for  letter- writing ;  any  subject 
they  touch  upon  comes  out  iu  glowing,  al- 
most living  colors.  One  can  almost  see, 
and  hear,  aud  feel  what  they  describe.  Such 
a  correspondent  is  indeed  a  bright  light, 
that  shineth  into  tho  lives  of  others;  malting 
amends,  oftentimes,  for  the  absence  of 
friends;  coming  like  a  sunbeam  just  when 
the  dearth  of  joys  is  greatest,  and  lighting 
and  cheering  the  drooping  spirits.  It  is  al- 
ways a  pleasure  to  learn  that  absent  friends 
are  "well,"  and  "doing  well,"  and  that 
they  wish  for  us  the  inestimable  blessings  of 
health  and  happiness.  But  how  unsatisfac- 
tory if  it  ends  here,  as  far  as  news,  descrip- 
tion, or  anything  that  makes  a  letter  inter- 
esting, is  concerned,  even  if  it  covers  three 
or  four  pages.  It  is  such  a  treat,  such  a 
lasting  pleasure,  to  be  the  recipient  of  a  gen- 
uinely good  letter.  One  that  tells  us  what 
is  going  on  in  the  worid  beyond  our  limited 
vision ;  that  tells  ua  what  those  dear  to  ns 
are  doing,  and  aspiring  to  do  ;  what  tlieir 
homes  are  like,  how  the  flowers  flourish, 
how  the  garden  tlirives,  how  very  cute  the 
little  ones  are  growing,  and  all  the  grnee- 
fiilly-told  chit-chat,  that  goes  to  maJte  a 
letter  a  letter.  If  we  have  the  least  shadow 
of  a  talent  in  this  lino,  let  us  cultivate  it. 
Let  us  endeavor  to  write  even  a  letter  so 
well  that  if  we  meet  it  again,  we  will  not  bo 
ashamed  that  our  name  subscribed  thereto, 
proves  we  wrote  it. — Agents  Herald. 


The  Penman's  Art  Journai-  is  a  thing 
of  beauty,  and  a  joy  fur  the  present,  typo- 
graphically cunsiilcred.  As  to  matter  it  is 
nut  wanting,  being  tilled  with  valuable 
hints,  and  suggestions  on  the  subject  of 
writing  $1  a  year  pays  for  it. — Educa- 
.  tonal  Review. 


Educational  Notes. 

fCfrnmiinicaiionn  for  tliii"  Pi-partmwit  mf>y 
W  nil-lrr-w-l  I"  H-  F.  KFl.r.KV.'2()5  Bn-adwav. 
NVw  York.     Krief  educaliHiiftl  ilemg  BO^lcll>^^l.] 

EngUiiH  has  1300  collpgw. 

Chicago  has  cnroUwI  in  her  public  schools 

08,orr7  piipiU. 

Th^  I-'pPi.hmBn  CUs8  al  Cornell  coulains 
twenty  one  ladivs. 

Tlie  income  of  Columl.ia  College  in  the  year 
18^  amounted  to  8321.000. 


Bt.ia«i 


a  gift  of 


OberlinCol^Beha»1.32: 
an  increaae  of  268  ovt-r  last  year 
Tloetou  University  haa  jii^t  re 
$10,000  for  her  acholarship  fund 

Philadelphia  appropriates  for  school  pur- 
pose, for  1882  the  sum  of  $1,534,085.04. 

Within  Ihe  last  year  the  sum  of  $19,000,000 
has  been  given  by  private  individual*  to  the 
cause  of  education. 

The  Syrian  Protestant  College  in  Beirout, 
Syria,  hua  graduated  118  aiudents  and  given 
204  a  partial  course.— X  Y.  Chriatian  AdvocaU. 
Piof.  Sumner,  of  Yale,  says  that  the  present 
college  fashion  is  lo  "  t«ach  a  hit  of  Latin,  a  bit 
of  Greek,  a  bit  of  biology  and  a  bit  of  some- 
thing else.  80  that  in  the  result  men  hardly 
know  anytliing." 

Preaidenl  A.  D.  'Whit*?,  of  Cornell  Universi- 
ty, who  lias  rnlinquished  the  Berlin  Mission, 
has  entered  into  bonds  with  the  trustei^a  of 
that  University  not  to  arcepl  any  political 
office  for  four  years.— TAe  ll'esUra  World. 

A  son  of  affluent  parents  may 
spend,  at  Harvard,  from  $1,000 
10  $I.HOO  without  ncquiring  a 
repulalion  for  extravagance,  while 
nt  Oxford,  England,  a  commoner 
hiie  been  known  to  spend  £2.000, 
or  even  £3,000  a  year  without 
—  Volantt. 


It  can  no  longer  be  Hsid  that  *'  Greece  is  liv 
iog  Greece  no  more."  Her  famous  University 
enrolls  thirteen  hundred  students,  with 
seveiily-two  professors,  and  a  library  "f  150.000 
v.duniea.  She  has  many  other  inslilulions  of 
hi^'h  grade  and  a  system  of  free  schools  com- 
mensurate with  the  wants  ot  the  age.— -Vor/na f 
Journal. 

The  fact  should  be  impressed  that  it  is  an 
absolute,  educational  crime  in  a  cultivated  per- 
son to  be  a  poor  speller  of  his  mother-tongue. 
I  believe  much  of  the  neglect  in  the  matter  of 
spelling  has  come  about  through  the  inc-ssant 
talk  about  reformed  orthography.  We  may 
pray  and  work  with  religious  fervor  for  a  re- 
form, but  until  that  retorra  comes  we  have 
nothing  left  but  to  teach  according  to  the 
present  standard. — Educational  Monlfdy. 

Educational  Fancies. 

Taught  or  untaught  the  dimce  is  still  the  same ; 
Yet  still  the  wretched  master  beats  the  blame. 
—Dryden. 

The  letter  D  is  truly  an  old  salt,  having 
followed  the  C  for  yeare. 

Who  introduced  salt  pork  into  the  navyT 
Noah,  when  be  took  Ham  into  the  ark. 

"  Capital  punialmienl,"  as  the  boy  said  when 
the  school  raistreBB  seated  him  with  the  girls. 

One  hoy  to  another  :  '"  Tom,  if  you  could  be 
an  animal  what  would  you  choose  to  bet" 
"Oh,  I'd  like  to  be  a  lion;  because  he's  so-" 
"  Oh,  no,  Tom.  don't  he  a  lion,  be  a  wasp  ; 
because  then  you  could  ating  the  schoolmaster! " 


a  "  Venaor  weather  prediction  "  because  it  con- 

'■Yercin't  stuff  that  down  this  chicken,"  said 
a  young  lady  in  Indiana,  in  reply  to  her 
teacher's  statement  that  the  sun  was  larger 
than  the  earth. 

A  Western  editor,  being  asked  by  a  sub- 
flcribm  what  was  meant  by  the  word  hydrogen, 
replied  :  "  Gin  and  water,"  and  explained  that 
hydro  was  the  French  for  water. 

New  Jersey  ia  trying  to  claim  Noah,  because 
he  was  a  New-ark  man.  Yes.  but  you  know 
he  looked  out  of  his  Arkansaw  land.  Give  the 
south  a  fair  show  in  this  ihing.—ColUgiaU. 

A  young  lady  at  an  examination  in  grammar 
was  asked  "  why  the  noun  bachelor  waa 
singular."  SUe  replied  immediately,  "  Because 
it  is  very  singular  they  don't  get  married." 

The  proposed  revision  of  the  English  Educa- 
tion Code  makes  sewing  compulsory  for  all 
boys  and  girls  in  the  school*  under  seven  years 
of  ige.  Then  youn_-  men  will  not  be  obliged  to 
marrv  wives  for  button  sewing. — Educational 
World. 


'What 


the 


of  . 


Teacher  . 

parents t"  Bright  pupil:  "Stealing  apples." 
Tearker :  "Correct.  But  did  ii  ever  occur  to 
you  to  wonder  what  kind  of  an  apple  it  was 
that  Eve  gave  to  Adamt"  liright  pupil: 
"Oflen."  Teaclier:  "Well,  have  yon  made 
up  your  mind  about  it  T"  Bright  pupil :  "Oh, 
havn'l  I !  It  was  a  '  fall,"  pippin." 


Telegraphic   Codes   and  Ciphers. 


DEVICES  FOR  LESSENISQ  THE  EXPENSE  Or 

CONCEALINO 


J  DOW  25  cents 

s  high  as  $  inn 

iitwithslanditig 


Since  Cornell  Univereity  was 
founded  over  $1,500,000  has  been 
given  to  it  for  buildings  and 
equipment.  The  endownimt  of 
the  institution  is  over  $1,700,000, 


coiuitry. 

San  Francisco  has  now  in  her 
public  ecliools  the  largest  aver- 
ace  attendance  which  she  haa 
ever  known.  The  first  super- 
iTitendent's  report,  made  in  ViWi, 
gave  Ihe  average  attendance  as 
44.'>.  The  Inst  report  gives  it  as 
29,092.  Wiiile  most  of  the  chil- 
dren go  into  the  eighth  grade, 
lees  than  half  as  many  cunlinue 
-.Y.  0. 


Chri 


Advoi 


r  grai 


iidred 


an  original  Jiourigh  by  H.   C.   Clark,  Principal  of  the  Titu. 
(Pa.)  Buainea.1  College. 


propoE 


nr  St  Yale  College  only  five 
1-  the  ministry.  We  believe  it 
colleges  grow  strong,  wealthy 
and  conspicuous,  the  number  of  ministers  com- 
ing out  of  the  successive  classes  diminish. 
Will  some  one  Rive  a  satisfactory  explanation 
of  this  factT— TAf  PreabyUrian. 

Great  interest  has  been  aroused  at  Bowdoin 
Collegt)  by  Ihe  suit  brought  against  eight 
students  for  $10,000  each  fur  damages  to  a 
fellow-etudenl,  whose  eye-sight  was  nearly 
destroyed  by  their  wanton  "hazing."  The 
entire «ophumore  class,  and  probsbly  the  whole 
college,  will  be  summoned  as  witnesses.  The 
trial  will  be  held  in  January  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  county. — Notre  Dame  &holatlv: 

There  are  145  business  colleges  in  this 
country.  They  employ  SSA  instructors,  and 
are  attended  by  22,0^1  students.  Many  of 
them  have  good  select  libraries,  Ihe  aggregate 
number  of  volumes  reported  on  baud  by  man- 
agers of  these  schools  is  55,222  volumes. 
Commissioner  Katun,  in  his  report,  says :  "  Ger- 
many has  select  commercial  schools  in  every 
chief  provincial  city  and  in  a  large  number  of 
smaller  towns.  The  course  of  instruction  em- 
braces German,  French,  English.  Italian  or 
Spanish,  commercial  Arithmetic,  book-keeping, 
commercial  correspondence  in  different  lan- 
guages, botany,  the  study  of  raw  materials  and 
manufactured  articles,  history  and  geography, 
commercial  law,  weights  and  measures,  mo.ie- 
tarysyaiems,  physics,  chemistry,  and  drawing." 
France,  Spain,  and  Belgium  have  similar 
schools  all  under  the  supervision  of  the  .Sti 
—Ttaehtri'  Guide. 


The  schoolmaster  is  a  very  inquisitive  person. 
He  is  always  asking  questions.  Hia  is  a 
questiim-ahle  calling. 

If  a  student  convince  you  that  you  are  wrong 
and  he  is  right,  acknowledge  it  cheerfully,  and 
— hug  him. — Emerson, 

The  schoolmaster  is  sometimes  called  a  tutor, 
and  occasionaly  an  ass.  On  the  whole,  an 
astuter  man  is  seldom  found. 

"  Experience  is  a  dear  teacher,"  but  she  has 
u  large  school.  For  terms  of  tuition,  and  full 
particulars,  inquire  in  person. 

What  court  was  in  session  at  the  time  Adam 
broke  the  law  T  Of  course  you  all  give  it  up. 
Well,  it  was  the  Apple-ate  court. 

Fresfiman:  "Action  and  reaction  are  equal  and 
opposite,  as,  for  instance,  when  a  cannon  jumps 
as  far  backward  as  the  ball  goes  forward." 

A  Nevada  school  teacher  died  the  other  day, 
and  the  local  papers  announced  it  under  the 
head  '"Loss  of  a  Whaler." — Teacher^  Guide. 

In  a  school  of  young  rascals  the  school- 
master is  always  the  principal. 

(See  heading  and  judge  in  accordance 
therewith.) 

"6-n-y,  father,  T  learned  something  new  at 
school  to-day."  "  What  was  it  f  "  "I  learue<l 
to  say  '  Yes,  sir,'  and'"  No,  sir.' "  "  Did  you  T  " 
"  Ya-a-a-s." 

It  all  came  from  educating  his  daughter  at  a 
seminary.  She  reproved  her  father  for  wiping 
his  mouth  on  Ihe  table-cloth,  and  he  went  to 
the  barn  and  hung  himself. 


The  desirability  of  making  the  proper  dis- 
tinction between  the  worda  "set ''and  "sit"  is 
illustrated  in  a  recent  newspaper  in  which  a 
recipe  for  lemon  pie  adds,  vaguely,  "Then  sit 
on  a  Btove  and  stir  constantly."  Just  as  if  any- 
body could  sit  OD  a  stove  without  stirring  con- 
.tanlly. 

Freshman  to  whom  the  instructor  said :  "  You 
seem  evolving  that  translation  from  your  inner 
consciousness;"  nnd  who  responded;  "Well, 
professor,  I  read  in  my  devotions  last  evening 
that  '  by  faith  Enoch  was  tranflated,'  and  I 
thought  I  would  try  it  ou  Horace." — iV.  K 
WorUl. 


Stands  to  reason  :  Post-office  clerk — "  Here  I 
your  letter  is  overweight."  Pat :  "  Over 
what  weight!"  P.  0.  C. :  "It's  too  heavy; 
put  another  stamp  on  it."  Pat;  "Och,  get 
ont  wid  yer  foolin'!  Sure,  if  I  put  another 
stamp  on  won't  it  be  heavier  still  f  " — Harper's 


A  prifessor  who  says  he  reads  &  man's 
character  by  his  signature  spent  three  days  in 
trying  to  figure  out  Longfellow's  autograph. 
Somehow  it  would  show  up  the  venerable  poet 
as  a  man  who  liked  lo  bet  on  horse  races,  go  to 
variety  shows  and  howl  around  nights.  And 
of  course  the  professor  knew  the  poet  waa  not 
that  sort  of  man,  and  he  couln't  make  it  come 
out  any  other  way  and  went  nearly  wild  till 
be  found  that  the  autograph  was  n  forgery, — 
Evening  Telegram. 

If  ynu  want  card  stock  of  any  kind,  ad- 
dress the  New  Eagland  Card  Co.,  Woon- 
socket,  K.  I.  Sue  ad/ertisement  in  another 
culumi:. 


York  Time 
Cable  rates  to  England  at 
a  word,  but  tliey  have  been  t 
for  a  (eu-word  message.  K 
the  great  reductions  that  have  been  made  in 
the  cost  of  ocean  telegraphy  since  the  At- 
lantic cables  were  first  laid,  rates  to  points 
in  Asia  or  to  South  America  rim  up  to  sev- 
eral dollars  a  word.  There  are  houses 
whose  business  requires  frequent  telegraph 
communicalion  with  such  distant  points, 
and  methods  of  attaining  brevity  of  expres- 
BioD  are  hence  of  very  groat  value.  Tele- 
graph code  makers  supply  such  meihods. 

"  Code  inakin-i  as  a  business  has  grown 
up  within  the  last  five  or  six  years,"  said  J. 
C.  Hartfield,  who  makes  it  a  specialty.  "  It 
has  advantages  of  both  economy  and  secrecy. 
The  use  of  codes  for  ordinary  business  pur- 
poses dates  from  the  beginning  of  ocean  tel- 
egraphy, but  people  at  first  got  np  their 
own  codes.  It  is  an  easy  thing  to  do,  appar- 
ently. All  y<m  have  to  do  is  to  make  a  list 
of  phrases  which  you  have  frequently  to  use 
io  your  business  and  represeut  them  by  a 
corresponding  Hat  of  single  words.  But 
people  found  that  words  are  apt  to  be 
changed  in  telegraph  transmission  iuto 
I  words  whose  telegraphic  notation   is  siini- 

lar.     The  result  has  sometimes 

been  disastrous.     Code  makers 
make  avoidanre  of  such  liability 
to  error  a  special  study.    Then, 
too,  code  makers  can  attain  a 
condensation  of  expression  that 
make  their  work   far  cheaper 
than  auy  similar  code  such  as  a 
business  man  might  get  up  for 
himself.     Hence,  large  business 
houses  are  willing  to  pay  well 
for  having  codes  made  for  them. 
There  are  houses  that  are  spend- 
ing as  much  as  $30,000  a  year 
for  telegraphic  advices,  and  a 
system   which   will    put    their 
messages  into  few  words  efi'ects 
a  very  great  saving  fur  them. 
I  have  made  a  combination  code 
for  one  house  here  by  which  the 
entire  state  of  the  Japanese  tea- 
market  can  he  put  into  seven 
words.    Those  seven  words  will 
Hjonvey    to    them   the   dite   of 
steamers  sailing,    the  state   of 
market  for  nine  grades  of  tea, 
the    rates    of   freight    by    six 
routes,  the  amount  of  purchases 
for    Europe    and    the    United 
States,  the  grades  upon  which  the  demands 
are  ruuniug,  the  priucipal  buyers,  rates  of  ex- 
change, the  number  of  packages  seut  in  the 
day's  shipments,  and  the  points  to  which 
they  are  consigned.     I  have  made  a  code  by 
which  the  anuuiut  of  sales  of  dour,  butter 
and  cheese,  the  state  of  the  market  for  each, 
and  the  amount  of  money  paid  into  bank  are 
sent  daily   to  a  house   in   this  city  by  its 
branch  at  Liverpoid,  the  whole  message  be- 
ing but  two  words." 

"  Can  cx)des  he  gotten  up  for  the  use  of 
any  house  in  the  same  line  of  business,  or  do 
houses  prefer  to  have  their  own  special 
codes  ?" 

"  Large  houses  prefer  to  have  thoi*  own 
codes.  One  largf  banking'house,  fur  whom 
I  prepared  a  code,  had  a  printing  establish- 
ment set  up  inside  the  bank  building,  so  as 
to  make  ceriain  of  receiving  all  the  C'>pieB 
of  the  code  that  were  printed.  Some  of  the 
codes  used  by  large  houses  are  very  volumi- 
nous. Brown  Brothers  &  Co.  have  a  code 
of  G4,000  words ;  Thomas  &  Co.,  67,000  ; 
MoskeBros.,  00,000;  Drexel,  Morgan  & 
Co.,  about  45,000  words.  We  have  to  ran- 
sack all  languages  to  g3t  so  many  words 
which   shall  all  be  telegraph icidly  dissim- 

"  How  much  do  codes  cost  ?" 

"  From  $30  to  $G,000,  according  to  the 
amount  of  labor  required." 

"  Are  secret  ciphers  used  to  any  extent  in 
telegraphing  t" 


VVKI    »JOlJKN.VI. 


"  Si>nie  etock  operator*  make  use  of  cryp- 
tograms, and  get  thfin  up  themselves.  A 
-  tnet)iu<l  used  a  gtHxl  deal  is  to  have  a  si.nplc 
code,  ID  which  the  words  deuotiog  the 
phrases  tobecouveycd  are  oumberetl,  and 
simply  the  ouineruls  aro  sent.  Such  a  code 
can  be  used  so  as  to  coocoal  messages  even 
from  a  person  getting  hold  of  the  cede,  fur 
nanerals  may  be  sent  wliich  the  only  prop- 
er person  will  understand  to  differ  by  a  cer- 
tain amount  fn>in  the  nrmerala  denoting  the 
phrases  really  conreyed.  I  know  oue  iu 
use  in  which  the  rule  was  to  add  the  date  of 
the  month  to  numerals  of  uicsi>iigeet  from  a 
brarch  house.  Thus,  if  the  figure  live  came 
on  the  20lh,  they  would  look  for  the  mean- 
ing of  i:5  in  the  code  book.  The  use  of 
codes  and  ciphers  is  very  large,  but  the  use 
of  the  highly  coudensed  codes,  whore  not 
only  words  but  their  combinations  convey 
meaniogs,  is  not  so  wide  as  M'ould  be  ex- 
pected from  its  great  economy.  It  takes 
some  time  and  trouble  tn  Icam  to  use  such 
codes  with  facility,  and  this  retards  tlieir  in- 
troduction, but  they  are  couiing  more  and 
more  into  use  every  year. 

Code  makers  keep  the  details  of  their 
work  secret,  but  the  principle  upon  which 
codes  are  constructed  is  easily  understood. 
The  range  of  all  staple  busineds  transactions 
haa  limits,  and,  as  a  rule,  closely  coufiued 
limits.  The  aim  of  the  code  maker  is  to 
classify  phrases  which  shall  express  the 
constantly  recurring  details  of  the  market 
for  any  staple,  and  to  denote  each  of  itg 
phases  by  a  word.  Another  objeci  is  to  use 
one  word  so  as  to  convey  seven  meanings. 
This  is  done  by  arranging  market  details 
above  the  tops  of  columns  of  words  and 
prices,  quantities  or  any  other  information 
along  the  side.  A  word  iu  the  table  ex- 
presses the  phrase  at  the  top  of  its  column 
and  also  the  phrase  at  its  side.  The  com- 
pilation of  a  code  is  a  very  laborious  task, 
but  its  value  as  an  aid  to  business  communi- 
cations is  indisputable. 

Sometimes  queer  seutenccs  result  from 
the  chance  grouping  of  code  words.  Not 
long  since  a  tea  house  got  this  :  "  Unboiled 
babies  detested." 


Worrying  over  the  Wear  of  Gold 
Coin. 

It  is  estimated  tliat  the  average  weekly 
dcpredaiion  of  the  $7,000,000  in  gold  held 
by  the  Biislon  banks  is  nearly  $J00,  or  say 
$15,000  per  annum,  the  calculation  being 
made  on  the  recognized  basis  that  a  gold 
coin  iu  use  actually  loses  a  five-hundredth 
of  its  weight  iu  a  year.  The  coin  is  packed 
in  bags  of  $-^,000  each.  These  bags  are 
passed  from  bank  to  b»nk,  and  ihe  constant 
friction  which  is  made  in  handling  and 
weigiiing  wears  away  the  edges  and  faces 
of  the  coin,  so  that,  sooner  or  later,  a  bag 
falls  short  iu  weight,  and  valuable  time  as 
well  as  money  is  lost  in  determining  which 
bank  shall  make  good  tlie  detioiency,  the 
labels  attached  to  each  parcel,  on  wliich  ap- 
pear the  names  of  the  banks  through  which 
the  bag  has  passed,  being  the  only  means 
to  aid  in  fixing  upon  the  responsible  party. 
The  Treasury  Department  has  refused  to 
issue  gold  certificates  for  large  amounts,  on 
tLe  ground  that  it  would  occasion  trouble 
and  expense  for  the  Government.  Other 
expedients  proposed  are — the  appointment 
of  au  institution,  not  chartered  by  the 
United  States,  as  a  gold  depository  for  the 
national  banks,  the  iutercliange  of  certifi- 
cates among  the  banks,  and  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Clearing-house  as  a  depository. 
There  are  objections  to  each  plan,  and  an- 
other— the  division  of  the  burden  among 
five  or  eix.  banks— is  the  oue  which  may  be 
temporarily  adopted  until  Congress  shall 
supply  a  permanent  remedy.  The  packing 
of  the  coin  iu  bags  is  a  couventiomil  way, 
and  it  does  not  retlect  much  credit  on  the 
inventive  faculties  of  bank  officers  that  they 
have  not  thought  out  a  better.  If  the  coin 
were  packed  in  boxes  fitted  with  grooves 
in  which  the  pieces  would  lie  close  and  so 
coufiued  that  they  would  not  move  in 
oour&e  of  transportation,  and  these  groovea 


were  made  so  that  they  could  be  lifted  out, 
with  their  omteuts,  the  loss  from  friction  in 
tumbling  around  the  bags  and  pouring  out 
the  coin  as  though  it  was  sugar  would  be 
very  much  reduced. — Boston  Transcript. 

Science. 

galvanic  battery  has  been 
use  in  the  lectures  at  the 
Royal  Institute  at  London.  It  consists  of 
14.400  cells  of  chloride  of  silver 
elements.  Each  cell  is  composed  of  a  gla: 
tube  about  the  size  of  a  large  t< 
stoppered  with  a  paratEne  wax  stopper, 
through  which  the  zinc  rod  and  chloride  of 
silver  are  inserted,  a  small  hole  being  left  to 
pour  in  the  solution,  which  consists  of  a 
weak  solution  of  chloride  of  ammonium 
(sal-ammouiitc),  the  hole  being  fitted  with 
a  small  parafline  stopper  to  make  it  air- 
tight. The  tubes  are  mounted  in  trays,  each 
containing  120  cells ,  eighteen  trays  are 
fitted  in  each  cabinet.  The  battery,  which 
is  in  the  basement  of  the  building,  was  be- 
gun in  June,  1879,  and  finished  in  August, 
1880.  The  charging  of  the  battery  occupied 
three  persons  a  fortnight.  A  lightning- flash 
a  mile  long  conld  be  produced  by  243  such 
batteries. — EducationalJournal. 


To   Remove   Ink  Stains. 

The  Journal  de  Pharmacie  d '  A  nvers  re- 
commends pyrophosphate  of  soda  for  tVe 
removal  of  ink  stains.  This  salt  does  not 
injure  vegetable  fibre,  and  yields  colorless 
compounds  with  the  ferric  oxide  of  the  ink. 
It  IS  best  to  first  apply  tallow  to  the  ink 
spot,  then  WMsh  in  a  solution  of  pyrophos- 
phates until  both  tallow  and  ink  have  dis- 
appeared. Stains  of  red  aniline  ink  may  he 
reuioved  by  moistening  the  spot  with  strong 
alcohol  acidulated  with  nitric  acid.  Unless 
the  stain  is  produced  by  cosine,  itdisap])ears 
without  ditficully.  Paper  is  hardly  atlVcted 
by  the  process ;  siill  it  is  always  advisable 
to  make  a  blank  experiment  at  first. 


deed,  the  symbol  cf  an  oath  from  its  holy 
associations,  and  generally  ttin  mark. 

On  this  account  Mr.  Charle«  Knight,  in 
his  notes  on  the  "Pictorial  Shakespeare,'' 
explains  the  expression  of  "G'hI  save  t!ie 
mark,"  as  a  form  of  ejaculation  approaching 
to  the  character  of  an  oath. 

This  phrase  ocoirs  three  or  more  times 
in  the  plays  of  Shikespeare,  but  for  a  long 
time  was  left  by  the  commentors  iu  its 
original  obscurity. — Philadelphia  Saturday 


The  blurring  of  India  ink  in  working 
drawings  of  machinery,  haa  been  the 
of  much  trouble  and  annoyance,  and 
easily  remedied  by  making  use  of  the  foll< 
iug  process  t<i  fix  India  iuk  on  paper,  first 
meniioued  in  the  W.  D.  V.  Ingeniurc.  It  is 
a  fact  well  known  to  photographers  tliat  an- 
imal glue  when  treated  with  bichromate  of 
potash  and  exposed  to  the  sunlight  for  some 
time,  is  insoluble  in  water.  It  has  been 
found  by  analysis  that  india  iuk  contained 
sucli  animal  glue,  and  consetiueutly,  if  a 
small  quantity  of  bicliromate  of  potash  be 
used  witli  it,  the  lines  drawn  wiih  such  pre- 
pared ink  will  not  be  aflected  by  water, 
provided  that  they  have  been  exposed  to  the 
sunlight  for  about  an  hour. 


Q  be    / 


Signature  of  the  Cross-Mark. 

The  mark  which  persons  who  are  unable 
to  write  are  required  to  make  instead  of 
their  signature,  is  in  the  form  of  a  cross, 
and  this  practice  having  formerly  been  fol- 
lowed by  kinir  and  nobles,  is  constantly  re- 
ferred to  .IS  an  instance  of  the  deploiabln 
ignorance  ot  ancient  times.  This  signature 
is  uot,  however,  invariable  proof  of  such 
ignorance.  Anciently,  the  use  or  this  mark 
was  uot  confined  to  illiierate  persons;  for 
among  the  Saxons,  the  mark  of  the  cross, 
as  an  attestaiiim  of  the  good  faith  of  the 
persun  signing,  was  required  to  be  attached 
to  the  signature  of  those  who  could  write, 
as  well  as  to  stand  in  the  place  of  the  sig- 
nature of  those  who  could  not  write. 

In  those  times,  if  a  man  could  write  or 
even  read,  his  knowledge  was  considered 
proof  presumptive  that  he  was  in  holy 
orders.  Tbe  word  clcricus,  or  clerk, 
was  synonymous  with  penman,  and  the 
laity,  or  tlie  people  who  were  not  clerks, 
did  uot  feel  any  urgent  necessity  for  the  use 
of  letters. 

The  ancient  use  of  the  cross  was,  there- 
fore, universal  alike  by  those  who  could  and 
by  those  who  could  uot  write.    It  was,  in- 


lliam    Penn's    Deed    from    the 
Indians. 

This  indenture  witnesseth,  that  we,  Pack- 
enath  Jaraooam,  Siukals,  Partuegcsatt, 
Jewiss  Espennock,  Felkroy,  Hekellapan, 
Eoonus,  Mechlonat,  Metchcougha,  Hisa 
Powey  Indian  Kings,  Sachuiakers,  right 
owners  of  all  lauds  fioui  Quings  Quingas 
called  Cheoter  Creek  all  along  by  the  west 
side  of  Delaware  Itiver  and  so  between  tbe 
said  creek  backwards  as  far  as  a  man  can 
ride  in  two  days  on  a  horse,  for  and  iu  con- 
sideration of  these  following  goods  to  us  in 
hand  paid  by  Win.  Punn,  proprietary  and 
Governor  of  Pennsylvania  and  Territories 
and  thereof,  viz :  20  guns,  20  fathoms 
matchcoat,  20  pounds  powder,  100  bars  of 
lead,  40  tomahawks,  100  knives,  40  pairs  of 
stockings,  1  barrel  t»f  beer,  "-20  barrels  of  red 
lead,  100  fathoms  ot  wampum,  30  glass  bot- 
tles, 80  pewter  spoons,  lUO  awl  blades,  300 
tobacco  pipes,  20  tobacco  tongs.  20  steels, 
tdOO  films,  30  pairs  of  scissors,  80  combs,  (jO 
looking-glasses,  200  needles,  one  skipple 
salt,  30  pounds  of  sugar,  5  gallons  molasses, 
20  tobacco  boxes,  100  Jews-harps,  20  hoes, 
30ginblets,  30  wooden  screw  boxes,  100 
striugs  of  beads,  do  hereby  acknowledge, 
etc.  Given  under  our  hands,  e'c,  at  New 
Castle,  second  day  of  eighth  month,  1689. 

The  above  is  a  true  copy  taken  from  the 
original  by  Ephraim  Morton,  now  living  in 
Washington,  Pennsylvania,  fi^rmerly  a  clerk 
in  The  land  office,  which  copy  he  gave  to 
William  Stratlon,and  from  which  the  above 
was  taken  in  Little  York,  tliis  7th  day  o 
December,  1813. — Exchantje.  a 


Truth  in  Pnnt. 


call  good  hand 
accomplishment.  We  cull  it  a 
There  is  value  and  assistance  ii 
substantial  good. 

To  run  over  a  page  of  fair  hand-writing 
is  like  riding  over  a  smooth,  solid  highway. 
To  work  one's 'way  tliiough  a  page  of  bad 
writing  is  like  forcing  a  passage  through  a 
swamp,  thick  with  underbrush,  netted  with 
briers,  and  unstable  with  quicksands. 

There  is  a  certain  lionesty  and  friend- 
liness in  good  penmanship ;  nay,  it  has  a 
quality  of  justice  and  equity,  as  though  it 
said,  /  do  xmio  others  as  I  w( 
should  tfi  unto  me. 

Bad  hand-writing  is  an  inci 
an  air  of  selfishness  about 
"  What  is  your  convenience,  i 
time  to  me?"  We  received  lately  a  note, 
covering  less  than  tme  side  of  halt  a  sheet 
of  paper,  which  it  took  us  fifteen  minutes  to 
read,  and  required  the 
the   faculties.     It   took 


mid  that  they 

vility.  It  has 
it.  It  says, 
'  pleasui 


Had  he  spent  fivi 
could  have  read  i 
between  us,  thert 


)-oporation  of  all 
ur   correspondent 


I  ^vrituig  It,  \ 
inutes.     Thti 


But  suppose 


I  was  a  loss  of  ten  minutes 
■thing  of  eyes  and  temper. 
t  takes  my  correspondent 
only  five  minutes  less  to  write  what  it  takes 
me  five  minutes  more  to  read,  because  it  is 
written  badly,  by  what  pretence  of  justice 
does  he  throw  the  loss  of  that  five  minutes 
upon  mot  His  practical  declaration  is, 
"  Your  time  is  less  valuable  than  mine." 

But  have  I  no  othor  duties  to  perform  f 
Am  I,  like  Chainpollion,  to  decipher  Egyp- 
tian manuscripts,  without  the  honors  of  a 
discoverer  f  But  why  is  it  necessary,  in  a 
time  of  profound  peace,  and  on  a  matter  of 
common  business,  to  write  in  cipher,  as 
though  we  were  conspirators,  plotting  a 
rebellioQ  f 


Let  us  understand,  then,  that  there  is  a 
certain  openues-*  and  ingenuousness  of  char- 
acter, a  love  of  fair  dealing,  as  it  were,  in 
clear,  well  defined,  distinctly  featured  pen- 
manship, and  let  us  so  teach  our  children. 
It  is  like  a  good  physiognomy  in  a  stranger, 
which  interests  us  in  his  welfare  at  once. 
But  in  bad  penmanship  there  is  something 
unmannerly,  evasive  and  dissembling. 

When  old  John  Hancock  sigucil  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  ho  wrote  bis 
a  broad,  bold,  energetic  character, 

though  he  said,  "  If  I  am  ever  tried  as  a 
ibel,  I'll  not  deny  my  autograph." — Pen- 
an's  Gazette. 


A  Back-handed  Speller. 


Santa  F^  has  a  young  man  with  a  mind 
which  has  a  faculty  that  is  rarely  to  be 
found,  if,  indeed,  it  can  ever  be  discovered 
elsewhere.  The  gentleman  in  question  is 
Hugh  McKevitt,  a  printer,  working  over  at 
Military  Head-quarters.  He  is  a  rapid  type- 
setter and  a  thoroughly  good  workman,  so 
that  he  is  not  dependent  on  any  side  busi- 
ness for  a  good  living,  and,  as  a  consequence, 
has  never  said  anything  about  his  spelling 
capacity,  which  is  the  subject  of  this  item. 
MuKovitt  is  a  left-handed  speller,  and  de- 
fies any  one  to  put  at  bim  a  word  which  he 
cannot  spell  backward  as  rapidly  as  the  best 
and  quickest  speller  could  give  it  in  the 
usual  way. 

The  other  day  the  reporter  fell  in  with 
him  when  he  was  in  a  mood  more  communi- 
cative than  usual,  and  had  occasion  to  try 
him.  Incomprehensibility  was  not  a  marker 
for  him.  As  soon  as  the  word  was  pro- 
nounced, Mc  said,  "Nineteen  letters,"  and 
went  at  it  backward  so  fast  that  his  hearers 
were  unable  to  tell  whether  he  was  right  or 
wrong.  "  You  see,"  said  a  fellow -printer, 
"he  can  tell  the  number  of  letters  in  any 
word  without  a  moment's  hesitation,  as  well 
^  he  can  spell  it  backward,  and  not  only 
that,  but  you  can  give  him  a  whole  sentence, 
and  he  will  tell  you  at  once  how  many 
letters  there  are  in  it,  and  go  right  on  and 
spell  through  the  whole  thing  backward 
faster  than  most  people  could  spell  it  the 
other  way." 

tried  time  and  time  again, 
ries  of  words  could  be  hit 
uot  rendered  as  indicated 
3,  there  are  wordj  iu  tho 
English  language  which  McKevitt  has 
never  heard  of,  just  as  is  the  case  with  al- 
most every  other  man,  but  he  is  what  would 
be  called  a  fine  speller,  "rijht-handed,"  as 
he  says,  and  is  familiar  with  the  language, 
and  any  word  which  he  has  heard  and  can 
spell  at  all  he  can  spell  backward  with 
astonishiug  rapidity.  The  strangest  part 
about  the  whole  thing  is  that  McKevitt  has 
never  practiced  or  studied  spelling  backward 
a  day  in  his  life.  He  says  he  does  not 
know  how  he  ever  acquired  the  ability  to 
do  it,  but  that  as  soon  as  he  bears  or  sees  a 
word,  even  if  he  has  never  thought  of  it 
beft)re,  which,  of  course,  is  the  case  \vith  a 
large  majority  of  words,  he  knows  immedi- 
ately how  many  letters  there  are  in  it.  and 
how  to  spell  it  backward  or  in  the  regular 
way.  It  is  so,  too,  with  sentences.  He 
knows  at  once  how  many  words  and  letters 
in  any  sentence  that  may  1 
states  the  numbers  promptly  as  i 
wftnls  are  uttered.  McKevitt  ca 
tribute  typo  backward  as  fast  a 
In  the  left-handfid  spelling  there  ii 
of  sound  to  aid  hiui,  as  iu  very  many  in- 
stances the  letters  spell  nothing  at  all  and 
cannot  be  pronounced,  so  that  there  is  no 
Dg  for  his  ability  to  spell  in  that 
ept  to  conclude  that  it  is  the  result 
of  a  gift — a  peculiar  faculty  of  a  remarkably 

There  is  no  particular  advantage  in  all 
this  as  far  as  can  be  discovered,  but  it  is  a 
curiosity  and  a  rare  one,  and  if  anybody 
thinks  it  isn't  hard  to  do  let  bim  try  to 
acquire  it. — Santa  Fi  New-Mexican. 


This  thing  V 


upon  which  \ 
above.     Of  c 


I  also  diS' 
I  forward. 
no  theory 


AH  I    JOl  KV AI. 


o  A  sent. 

ADVERTISING   RATES. 

tn ^'.OO'    »56.cio      »l(W.ob      llSOO 


LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 


PREMIUMS: 

To  eveo'  "■'"'  ""IxMnlicr.  or  renpn-nl.  inolMlnfC  |l.  w« 

"(5aril"ld  Mpm..rii.V'  "vjxK'^" Lonl*»" Prayer."  19xM: 
■■FlouriiiliHl  Engle,"  S4xa^Mhe  "  CeWcnnfal  Picture  of 
Proirrw*"  22x*J8-  or  llio  "  B'tnnd Stiff  Sing  "34x32  For 
92  00  ull  four  will  bo  MOt  with  the  Aret  oojy  of  the  JOUK 


For  Iviehe  mibaonptlonB 
of     AmeseCoropendlmn 
pr,ce»5 

For  twpWe  niimp'.      d  « 

idH 

Without  a  «i  f 
noaU  the  JouitNA 

LO^DO^    AGEhC\ 


iubacriptlODs 

""'i/teun  atjoiJaiT 


New  York,  January,  li*82. 


Greeting. 


nioii^  llif  muiiiitiiiiiH.  teiiip<>fit  ttwt-pl, 
lie  i>r«[)lie(;y  of  Spring  U  kt-pl : 
)  new,  Bu  atrmi^ie,  no  far  iiwiiy. 
he  promise  of  tlif  NV\v  YearV  Dav. 


.11  April  .,,.i 

km  ..1 

1-n.nvi 

KiTOl  ll.e„l.; 

aitwsl 

■mcl  ,,l,u,..  ■■■ 

IwUib  ],M  1 

pr  IH..S 

strenkt^d  cult 

uUI.  BO  .k'ar. 

lo  eliiy 

<!  blvsuiiig  ot  tllv  NV 

V  VmrV  Day. 

Uoi 

A  Kkai)  Goo 

Our  New  Year  Greeting. 

lu  acconlHUce  witli  tlio  prcviiiliiig  custom 
of  the  scasuu  wu  Iiprt-with  present  our  New 
Year's  Card  to  the  readers  and  patrons  of 
the  Journal,  and  most  heartily  wish  them 
all  a  iimpperous  and  happt/  New  Year. 

As  we  turned  that  provorhial  new  leaf 
we  imagined  that  we  saw  our  thousands  of 
readers  do  the  same,  with  eyes  beaming  of 
joy  and  of  hope  for  the  new  year— most 
turned  pages  bearing  bright,  honorable 
records  of  hopes  realized,  of  time  well 
spent  in  good  and  useful  work,  while  others, 
alas!  turned  pages  bearing  records  of  dis- 
honor and  shame,  which  they  would  feign 
were  in  oblivion.  We  would  that  such 
pages  may  leconl  lessons  that  may  be  a 
warning  and  guide  to  a  more  hodfchible 
record  in  coming  yean. 


The  old  year  has  been  one  of  great  com- 
mercial activity  and  general  prosperity 
throughout  the  land — one  in  which  willing 
hands  have  not  been  idle,  harvests  have 
been  abundant,  the  mechanic's  and  artisan's 
skill  has  been  in  demand,  while  the  pro- 
fessions have  been  liberally  patronized. 

Yet  the  year  has  not  been  without  great 
chasteuings.  The  nation  has  been  called 
til  mourn  most  sadly  the  fall— by  the  hand 
of  an  sssassin — of  its  chosen  ami  beloved 
Chief  Magistrate,  and  to  aid  and  to  sym- 
pathize with  many  thousands  of  its  people 
who  were  bereft  of  kindred,  homes  and  for- 
tunes by  devastating  conflagrations. 

The  new  year  is  ominous  of  continued 
national  peace  and  prosperiry,  while  there 
is  abundant  promise  for  individual  success 
in  every  legitimate  field  of  labor.  Only 
the  ill-qualifie<l.  idle  or  vicious  will  want 
fiif  honorable  and  profitable  employment. 

We  trust  that  our  young  readers — many 
of  whom  are  students  at  school  and  clerks 
in  stores  and  tiffiiies — will  ever  bear  in 
mind  that  their  own  attainments,  industry, 
and  trustworlhinesi,  are  to  be  thi 
of  thtir  future  poiilion  and  prosperity 


Flourished  W^riting. 

Of  all  things  in  business  writing  that 
annoy  and  disgust  practical  men  of  affairs 
superfluous  and  flourished  lines  arc  the 
chief.  ,  Unskillful  and  bad  writing  may  be 
excusable  for  mauy  reasons — such  as  ex- 
treme haste,  unfavorable  circumstances,  or 
physical  inability;  but  for  useless,  unmean- 
ing flourishes  there  can  bo,  to  a  practical 
business-man,  no  satisfactory  reason  or  ex- 
cuse. To  him  they  are  not  only  a  sheer 
waste  of  time  and  energy,  but  are  ugly 
excrescences  upon  the  writing  which  he  can 
neither  tolerate  or  excuse.  The  Quaker 
yea  and  nay  idea  of  speech  is  applicable  to 
business  writing — plain,  simple,  legible 
forms,  easily  combined — most  fully  meet  the 
deinands  of  business.  So-called  authors  of 
so-called  systems  of  practical  writing, 
abounding  in  multifariou*  complex  and 
difficult  forms,  for  letters  with  superabun- 
dant flourishes,  are  simply  plagues  and  hin- 
derances  in  the  way — of  learners — to  good, 
practical  writing. 

In  ornamental  or  artistic  penmanship, 
which  is  practiced  only  by  profcisional  wri 
tors,  a  certam  amount  of  \ariety  and  flourish 


The  aboif  cut  i«  photo  fnr/iated  fr 
exprtMly  foi  the      low  nal 


Our  New  Year  Card. 

In  the  allcgoriciil  illuslratioii  for  our  New 
year's  greeting,  by  J.  H.  Biiri*.w,  a  lillle 
explanation  may  be  neccssaiy.  The  New 
Year  is  appropriately  symhcdiiied  in  the 
form  of  a  vigorous  and  healthy  infant.  As 
lie  emerges  fmm  the  dark  cavity  that  held 
him  iu  embryo,  the  first  motion  he  makes 
is  to  Ylaut  iiiif  foot  firmly  upon  the  gar- 
ment of  the  old  year,  and,  iis  he  reels  iu 
expiring,  throws  toward  the  precipice,  with 
a  vigorous  push  from  the  other,  he  shoves 
him  over  the  edge  of  the  abyss,  and  the 
clouds  of  oblivion  envelop  him  forever. 

At  ttie  left  of  the  infant  is  soon  the  volume 
of  the  ages.  The  page  most  distant  is  that 
of  the  year  jnst  closed,  and  upon  which  the 
mists  of  tiuu!  are  already  creeping.  The 
one  by  his  left  hand  is  the  one  upon  which 
is  to  be  chronicled  the  events  of  the  year 
upon  which  we  are  eutering.  The  vast 
future  is  still  mostly  enshrouded  iu  the  fogs 
of  uncertanty. 

Spencerian  Script  Rulers. 

The  Spencerian  autliors  have  recently 
manufactured  rulers  for  use  in  schools  and 
counting-rooms  upon  which  are  the  capital 
and  small  script  alphabets;  also  the  fig- 
ures, elegantly  printed,  showing  in  easy 
form  the  proportions  of  each  letter  and  tlie 
menauremeDt  of  the  different  classes  of  let- 
ters. In  the  class-room  these  rulers  will  be 
of  great  service  in  keeping  constantly  before 
the  pupil  correct  foniis  of  all  the  letters,  and 
they  should  be  used  at  the  rc-gular  writing 
hour;  and  at  spelling  and  written  examina- 
tion exercises  should  he  kept  in  view  of  the 
writer  uutil  the  habit  of  good  writing  is  at- 
tained. It  will  also  be  invaluable  lo  ctiUege 
students,  accountants,  and  teachers.  The 
rulers  are  fifteen  inches  in  length,  made 
both  of  wood  and  metal,  and  are  sent  by 
mail  to  any  address;  wood  for  15  cts.,  and 
metal  for  30  cts.  Orders  received  at  the 
office  of  the  JoDBMAit. 


ing,  when  executed  with  taste  and  skill,  is 
not  only  admissible  but  desirable,  but  the 
great  mass  of  our  school- children  have  not 
the  requisite  time  or  tasto  to  acquire  such 
professional  skill ;  good  practical  writing  is 
all  they  seek  or  desire,  and  are  under  the 
necessity  of  acquiring  that  iu  the  most  cer- 
tain and  expeditious  manner.  To  place 
before  such,  copies  of  complex,  flourished 
and  unsystematic  writing,  is  a  wrong  which 
can  he  accounted  for  only  ou  the  ground  of 
Ignorance  or  knavery  on  the  part  of  the 
authors  or  teachers. 

There  should  be  a  clear  and  sh&rp  dis- 
tinction between  practical  wriiing  for  the 
masses  and  professional  writing  for  the  few. 

Twelve  Page  Journal. 

Owing  to  the  long  amount  of  matter  and 
cuts  which  we  desired  to  present  in  the 
present  number,  we  have  been  obliged  to 
again  add  four  extra  pages. 

Subscribe  Now, 
And  begin  with  the  new  year  and  new 
volume,  while  subscript! 
at  any  time  since  December,  1877 
sirablo  to  begin   with  the  volum^ 


period  of  subscription  is  then  more  readily 
remembered,  and  the  numbers  are  in  better 
and  more  complete  form  for  binding.  We 
are  confident  that  there  will  be  few  papers 
published  during  the  coming  year  that  will 
give  greater  satisfaction  to  their  patrons  than 
will  the  Journal,  and  none  that  can  ofl"er 
more  liberal  and  valuable  premiums  to  their 
subscribers.  Now  is  the  time  to  subscribe 
and  secure  clubs. 

Standard   Practical  Penmanship. 

We  are  very  sory  to  be  obliged  to  again 
announce  that  we  have  not  yet  received  the 
promised  suply  of  this  work  from  the  pub- 
lishers, and  caunot  set  the  time  at  which  it 
will  be  ready,  but  we  are  confident  that  it 
will  not  be  very  lon^. 


Political    and    Literary    Reminis- 
cences of  P.  R.  Spencer. 

Fifty  years  ago,  under  the  nom  de  plume 
of  the  "Western  Bard,"  P.  R.  Spencer  was 
a  contributor  from  time  to  time  to  the  jour- 
nals and  periodicals  of  that  early  day.  He 
was  alflo  a  public  speaker  of  well- merited 
celebrity.  During  the  Harrison  times  he 
was  one  of  the  orators  emiiloyed  in  the  can- 
vass, and  spoke  at  Erie,  Pa.,  on  the  occasion 
of  a  mammoth  political  gathering,  at  which 
General  Harrison  was  present,  and  was 
specially  complimented  by  that  great  stand- 
ard bearer  for  his  eloquence  and  patriotism 
in  behalf  of  the  cause.  After  the  advent  of 
Harrison's  administration,  General  Whit- 
tlosy  wrote  from  Washington  that  the 
President  had  requested  him  to  advise  Mr. 
Spencer  that  he  would  be  appoiuteil  to  a 
position  in  Washington,  probably  iu  con- 
nection with  the  post  -office  department. 
The  death  of  the  President,  a  few  days  after- 
ward, defeated  his  iotentiou  to  place  in  that 
vast  transit  department  of  literature  aud 
chirography, maintained  by  the  Government, 
the  man  who  has  gi\en  to  the  nation  a 
standard  stjlc  of  wiiting,  long  knowu  as 
Semi  angular,  but  m  lattr  years  desiguated 
the  Speuci-rian 

In  politics  he  advocated  the  emancipation 
of  8la\e8  nith  couipensation  from  the 
Government  to  the  owners 

He  was  knowu  through  the  pros*  of  the 
couuliy  as  a  contributor  of  acknowledged 
ability,  and,  on  the  rostium  as  a  public 
spiaker,  posac-scd  of  rate  argumeniative, 
persu»si\e,  and  magnetic  powers 

Ills  ]    J  ulirity  m  the  lOth  Ohio  Congres 

I  I  I  in  t  led  his  many  fiiejds  to  urge 
lit]!  It  the  use  of  his  name  as  oandi 
d  iLi  I  1  Liiijgre-'Siunal  honors 

bla\erv,  tmce  common  and  well  protected, 
even  in  the  Slate  of  Ntw  York,  aud  son  e 
of  the  New  Euulaud  States,  was  seeking 
enlargement  of  domain  in  the  Territories  in 
addition  to  its  stronghold  in  the  Soulhein 
States  It  WHS  upon  this  question,  mainly, 
that  Mr  Spencer  had  become  prominent  m 
the  politual  afl'airs  of  his  time 

There  seemtd  to  be  no  doubt  as  to  the 
certainty  of  his  election,  if  he  would  accept 
the  nomination  in  his  •ilistrict,  but  he  pre- 
ferred not  to  become  identified  with  politics 
as  a  representative,  and  subsequently  Mr. 
Giddings,  then  an  obscure  young  lawyer, 
became  the  representative,  and  served  iu 
thai  capacity  for  many  years. 

It  is  well  knowu  that  our  lamented  Presi- 
dent Garfield  succeeded  J.  R.  Giddings,  and 
for  nineteen  years  represented  the  lllih  Ohio 
District  in  Congress.  It  is  proper  in  this 
bfief  sketch,  which  at  best  can  show  in  but 
feeble  light  the  character  and  experiences 
of  Mr.  Spencer,  to  add  that  he  was  a  per- 
sonal acquaintance  and  warm  friend  of 
General  Garfield,  aud  wrote  letters  to  his 
old  political  friends  and  associates  through- 
out the  district  to  secure  the  election  of 
delegates  from  primary  meetings  to  the  dis- 
trict convention,  friendly  to  the  nomination 
of  General  Garfield  as  the  people's  repre- 


No  pen  can  record  a  tithe  of  the  good 
accomplished  in  the  long  and  useful  life  of  a 
man  who  sought  the  welfare  and  benefit  of 
his  fellow-men. 

The  literary  productions  of  Mr.  Spencer 
would  make  a  fair-sized  volume.  Many  of 
them  have  never  been  published.  An  "  Ode 
to  the  Art  of  Writing,"  coinp()8ed  by  him, 
was  published  in  St.  Loui-,  set  to  irusic  by 
Prof.  Riibine,  and  snng  by  the  thousands  of 
children  in  that  city  at  the  opening  of  wri- 
ting exercises  each  day  in  the  schools.  His 
to  the  business  and  educational 
of  the  country,  through  his  system 
of  writing,  have  received  world-wide  rowigui- 
liou.  In  the  language  of  President  Garfield 
the  great  seal  of  national  approval  has  been 
placed  upon  his  labors.  "  He  founded  that 
system  of  penmanship  which  has  become 
the  pride  of  our  country  and  the  model  of 

It  may  be  proper  lo  correct  the  idea  that 
be  died  poor,  for  such  was  far  from  being 
the  case.     At  the  time  he  assembled  pupils 


L."?ff^P^»^^  **  VT'«     Am   JoUijvvi; 


We    frequently  i 
letters  from  jiersm 


from  different  States  id  his  Lng  Seminary     Subscriptions  Payable 

at  Geneva,  Ohio,  he  was  owner  of  fii-v-ral 

valuable  farms  io  Nortliem  Ohio,  also  held 

a  few  ahares  of  paying  railroad  and  bank 

stcwks,  and  aonually  derived  a  liberal  incoine 

from  bis  extenxively-used  publioHtiona.    The 

biographical    sketches  wliieh    appeared    in 

the  great  dailies  and  pres^  of  this  country, 

and  in  Europe,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  gives 

currency  to  the  fact  that  his  reputation  as 

author  and  leather  was  not  only  oationali 

but  world-wide. 


Rhythm  of  Handwriting, 

)r.  J.  H.  Wythe,  of- San  Fram 
aintains  that  every  man's  handw 
nfallibly  distinguiahed  l 
■  'S,  that  may  he  de- 
tected by  the  microscope, 
while  they  escape  the  eye, 
which  he  calls  the  rhythm 
of  form,  dependent  on  habit 
or  organization ;  the  rhythm 
of  progress,  or  tlie  invol- 
untary rhythm,  seen  as  a 
wavy  line  or  irregular  mar- 
gin of  the  letters;  and  the 
rhythm  of  pressure,  or  alter- 
nation of  light  and  dark 
strokes.  The  proper  micro- 
scopic esaminatiou  of  those 
three  rhythms,  under  a  suf- 
ficient illumination  of  the 
letters,  cannot  fail,  he  be- 
lieves, to  demonstrate  the 
difference  between  a  genuine 
and  an  imitated  signature." 
The  Doctor's  theory  we 
believe  to  be  sound  ;  but  we 
would  prefer  to  more  simply 
define  the  "three  character- 
istics," as  habit  of  form, 
movement,  and  shade;  these, 
in  connection  uith  other  at- 
tendant peculiarities  of  hand- 
writing, furnish  a  basis  suffi- 
cient to  enable  a  skillful 
examiner  of  writing  to  de- 
monstrate the  identity  of  any 
hand-n'ritiug  with  a  great 
degree  of  certainty. 

In  extreme  cases,  and  es- 
pecially skillfully  forged  sig- 
natures, the  rtid  of  the 
microscope  will  be  necessary 
for  a  proper  examination, 
but  for  the  greater  propor- 
tion of  cases  of  questioned 
handwriting  acommon  glass 
magnifying  from  ten  to 
twnty  diameters,  will  serve 
much  the  bolter  purpose, 
as  it  is  auiile  to  reveal  the 
characteiislirs  of  the  wri- 
ting, while  its  greater  con- 
venience of  use  and  broader 
field  of  view  are  greatly  in 


Advance. 

ivp    postal  cards  and 
equesting  the  JouR- 
>e  mailed  one  year  to  their  address 
panied  by  the  cash.     It  will  save 
fluch  parties  time  and  postal  cards  to  know 
that    under    no    circumstances    is    a    name 
placed   upon    the  subscription-li-it  until  the 
price   of  the   subscription   has  been   paid. 
Others  request  that  the  paper  be  not  stopped 
at  the  expiration  of  their  subscription,  as 
they   intend   to   renew.     We   cannot  con- 
sistently  comi)ly  with   such   requests.      A 
e    and    complicated    business — such    as 
aging  a  widely-circulated  paper- 

irdine  to  some  established 
thod  which    cannot   be   modified   to  suit 


certain  business  colleges,  we  studiously 
avoided  in  our  preparations,  styles,  form, 
and  colors,  which,  in  our  judgment,  were 
prohibited  by  the  statute,  or  capable  of  be- 
ing the  instrument  of  imposition  or  fraud, 
and  we  have  io  several  instances  declined  to 
fill  orders  for  a  more  attractive  and  deceptive 

It  seems,  however,  that  our  judgment  re- 
specting the  law,  and  the  danger  of  issuing 
such  currency,  and  that  of  the  United 
States  officials  differs,  as  the  following 
communication  will  show  : 


under  which  the  manufacture,  sale,  and  use, 
of  college  currercy  are  prohibited,  and  to 
which  we  are  referred  by  the  United  States 
Attorney,  are  as  follows : 


1m,  or  ImprUnned  n 


jfav. 


-1^ 


In  the  writing  of  every 
adult  are  habits  of  form, 
movement,  and  shade,  so 
multitudinous  as  in  the 
main  to  be  unnoted  by  the 
writer,  and  impossible  of 
perception  by  any  imitator. 
Hence,  in  cases  of  forged  or 
imitated  writing,  the  forger 
labors  under  two  insuper^ 
able  dilliculties,  vi 
corporation  of  all  the  Itabit- 
ual  characteristics  of  the 
writing  he  would  simulate, 
and  the  avoidance  of  all  hiso 
writing  habit,  to  do  which  in  any  extended 
writing  we  believe  to  he  utterly  impossible. 

How  far  this  inevitable  failure  may  be 
discovered  and  demonstrated  depends  upon 
tlie  skill  of  the  forger,  and  the  acuteness  of 
the  expert. 

Not  Responsible. 

It  should  be  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  be 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns ;  all  communications  uot 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished ;  if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  opeu  to  him  to  say  so  and  toll 


wed  from  copy  prepared  hy  Lyman  P.  Spencer,  one  of  the  Spenserian  tit 
of  liimjraphy  and  Art."~L.  P.  Spencer  enjoyg  the  reputation  of  being  c 
:ornplished  pai  artists  of  the  world. 


4 


the  desire  and  con 
multitude  of  patroni 
of  such  an  effort! 


Illegal  College  Script. 

Some  two  years  since  we  prepared  de- 
signs for  all  the  necessary  and  amvenient 
denominations  for  college  script,  including 
fractional  currency,  and,  as  we  supposed  of 
such  a  character,  from  its  plainness  of  de- 
sign and  execution,  as  to  be  free  of  any  in- 
fringement of  the  statute  and  of  the  danger 
of  imposition  upon  the  most  ignorant  and 
unwary.  Having  formerly  been  ourselves 
cognizant  of  several  impositions  perpetrated 
upon  ignorant  persons  by  inducing  them  to 
take  for  genuine  money  the  finely  engraved 
and  highly  colored  college  Bcript,  used  by 


of    each    of  a  1/ -S'lV— My  ultentionhftviug  been  offlclally  called  to  yonr^j^be 

ne  the  detail  1 1 "  ^""^^t  ^''^^"  ^  """"  """'"■"*'  '""  """*  """"  '"•""■     of 


.prie.yoftl 
to  say,  Tlint  I  rcgiird  t 
I  ciiireDcy— Bo-oulled— 
e  United  States,  to  wliii 


Under  the  broad 
sweeping  terms  of  the  s 
ute,  as  above  quoted, 
ly,  if  not  all,  the  script 
>  by  business 
colleges  and  schools  is 
clearly  illegal,  and  parties 
making  or  using  jt  are 
liable  to  the  criminal  pen- 
alties imposed  by  the 
statute,  and  further  liable, 
in  a  civil  action,  for  any 
loss  sustained  by  parties 
who  may  in  good  faith  re- 
such  currency  as  ac- 
tual money. 

In  accordance  with  a 
demand  from  the  United 
Slates  District  Attorney 
we  have  surrendered  for 
destruction  our  entire  stock 
of  college  script  and  frac- 
tional currency,  and  caused 
sfers,  from  which 
the  same  were  printed,  to 
be  destroyed. 

NEW    AND    LEGAL  SCRIPT. 

In  view,  of  the  great 
importance,  if  not  now  ab- 
solute necessity,  of  some 
circulating  medium  which 
will  enable  the  actual  busi- 
ness transactions  in  vogue 
in  all  firat-class  business 
schools,  we  have  prepared 
new  designs  for  the  various 
denominations  of  script 
and  fractional  currency 
which  are  approved  by  the 
United  States  Attorney, 
and  which  will,  we  believe, 
be  a  very  acceptable  sub- 
stitute for  the  college 
money  now  and  hitherto  in 
use.  It  will  be  of  a  general 
form,  suitable  for  any  busi- 
ness college,  and  will  be 
kept  in  stock,  so  that  or- 
ders for  any  amount  can 
be  filled  by  return  of  mail, 
or  on  a  special  order  it  may 
Jit   the  name  and  location 


of  the  United  States  Statute 


hanged  to  s 
of  any  institution,  and  at  a  slight  additional 

The  fractional  currency  is  now  ready, 
and  samples  with  tenns  will  be  mailed  uu 
request.  The  dollar  denominations  will 
be  ready  as  eariy  as  the  15th  inst.,  when 
specimens  will    be    received  and    estimates 


A.  Gentilii,  of  Leipsig,  has  taken  out  a 
I  patent  for  an  "  automatic  rapid-writing  ap- 
paratus." By  means  of  it  he  claims  to  be 
able  to  register  the  movements  of  the  vocal 
organs  so  that  the  words  appear  legible  on 
at  the  same  rapid  rate  as  they  are 
without  any  further  action  on  the 
the  speaker. — Minneapolis  Weekly. 


^   paper  a 
j  part  of  t 


Vis  I    JOUKN.Vi; 


A  Specimen  of  Careless  and 
Impudent  Correspondence. 
Oq    Nov.    24r.li    we    R*«-ivc-(l    a  leltur  of 
wliich  the  following  is  a  vcrbjitim  copy. 

Nov.  the  21,  -ei. 

20  oto.    Ami  n\<u>  a  tot  of  Amw'  copy  •lip*  for  inBtniction 

Inclosed  in  the  letter  was  30  cts.,  l)ut  n» 
name  or  iiddress  given.  The  letter  was,  of 
course,  placed  on  file  with  many  othera 
which  remain  unanswered  for  similarreasons, 
to  await  further  information,  which  came  to 
hand  on  Dec.  19lh,  in  the  form  of  the -fol- 
lowing communication. 

*•  D.JC.  tbe  10,  -ei. 


1  unougb  to  kwp  t 


3  30  c 


To  the  last  letter  was  the  name  and  ad- 
dress of  the  writer,  and,  of  course,  with  a 
hope  to  avert  the  dire  consequences  threat- 
ened, we  hastened  to  forward  merchandise 
as  per  order. 

The  above  letters  are  fair  samples,  both 
as  regards  carelessness  and  impudence,  of  a 
largo  number  of  letters  received  in  the 
course  of  a  month's  correspondence. 

A  writer  oinits  his  name  or  address,  or 
fnun  some  cause  Iiis  letter  or  answer  mis- 
c:irrics,  he  jumps  to  the  conclusion  that  he 
has  been  swindled,  and  proceeds  to  indict 
UR  ns  swindlers. 

If  correspondents  will  exercise  more  care 
they  will  often  save  themselves  from  vexa- 
tious delays,  and  a  temptation  to  write  let- 
ters which,  if  published,  would  aflord  them 
little  pride  of  authorship. 

The  King  Club 
Fur  the  past  month  come*  from  C.  W.  Rob- 
bius,  teacher  of  writing  at  Musselman's 
Gum  City  Business  College,  Quincy,  111., 
aud  numbers  one  hundred.  This  is  by  far 
the  largest  club  ever  received  from  a  busi- 
ness college,  and  is  highly  creditable,  not 
only  to  Mr.  Robbins,  but  to  the  college 
from  whence  it  comes,  for  it  is  only  from 
among  studeuts  in  whom  skillful  teaching 
has  cukindied  an  enthusiasm  iu  wriliug  that 
such  clubs  can  be  secured.  The  second 
club  in  size  is  from  C.  \V.  Boucher,  princi- 
pal of  the  busiboss  department  of  the 
Ntirthem  Indiana  Normal  School,  and  num- 
bers seventy-jive — making  for  him  a  grand 
total  of  seven  hundred  and  sixty,  within  a 
period  of  less  ihau  two  years.  L.  Asire, 
teacher  of  writing  at  Minneapolis,  Minn., 
sends  a  club,  third  in  size,  numbering  thirty- 
one.  Clubs  during  the  past  month  have  ex- 
ceeded by  mauy  fold  in  size  and  number  any 
other  Dereiiiber  number  since  the  puhlica- 
liou  of  the  Journal,  while  promises  for  the 
new  year  are  quite  unprecedented. 

Not  So  Bad. 

Our  readers  will  remember  that  in  tlie 
last  issue  of  the  Journal  we  copied  from 
the  Spritifi/ield  Jtepublican  an  advertise- 
ment by  G.  C.  Hinman  and  commented 
upon  llie  same.  We  have  since  received 
fi\)m  Mr.  Hinman  a  letter  wliivh  reads  as 
follows : 

Springfield,  Mass.,  Dec.  22d,  1801. 
Mr.  D.  T.  Ames. 

Dear  Sir:  If  you  for  »  moment  thought 
my  "  ad  "  iu  tbw  S.  H.,  referred  in  any  way 
to  atandanl  work  of  prouounc^  value,  or 
xkmt  I  intended  to  injure  or  belittle  it,  or 


any  one  engaged  in  it — you  failed  greatly 
in  taking  my  meaning.  Believing,  how- 
ever, that  my  blundering  had  "done  it," 
I  hastened  to  aHirm  iu  the  same  paper  my 
true  meauinn  in  general,  and  in  this  note  to 
you,  trhu  I  tired  at.  We  have  in  this  sec- 
tion, all  around  us,  very  many  of  the  type 
of  what  yon  and  I  once  looked  upon  as, 
"Oh  my!  wonderful."  And  yet,  with  all 
the  light  and  improvement  of  better  ideas 
and  better  men,  it  "sells "to  the  people 
just  as  well  as  then  ;  to  the  injury,  not  of 
myself,  but  the  boys  and  girls  who  buy  it, 
and,  in  so  doing,  waste  to  a  great  degree, 
the  one  and  only  chance  they  have  for  edu- 
cation, of  the  kiud  that  will  pay  them  every- 
where, real  art,  be  it  of  pen,  pencil,  brush, 
or  graver,  is  the  demand  of  the  times  and 
valuable.  To  all  such  I  wish  God,  speed, 
and  prosperity.     Truly,  etc., 

G.  C  Hinman. 

In  reference  to  the  allusion  made  by  us  to 
Mr.  Hinman's  short-comings  as  a  teacher  in 
New  Jersey,  he  explains  that  he  was  very 
suddenly  called  away  from  his  classes  there 
to  tho  deatli-bed  of  a  son,  and  his  classes 
and  business  was  left  in  the  hands,  as  he 
supposed,  of  a  competent  and  houest  repre- 
sentative, whom  be  had  supposed,  conducted 
and   closed   all   business  in  a  satisfactory 

He  further  requests  us  to  say  that  any 
unpaid  claims  against  him  will  be  paid 
with  interest  on  presentation. 


The  Large  Cities   of  the  World. 

Aecording  to  Rand,  McNally  &  Co.'s 
"  Atlas  ol  the  World,"  lately  publisheil,  the 
popuhxtion  of  the  ten  largest  cities  in  the 
world  is  as  follows  : 


Clmngchow. WW.OOO 

While  New  York  stands  iu  the  above  list 
as  the  sixth  largest  city  in  tho  world,  it  is  in 
fact  the  second  or  third.  As  given  above, 
its  population  is  l,2OG,.'J00.  Separated  fn-m 
it  only  by  narrow  passages  of  water,  and 
closely  conuected  with  it  by  steam  ferries, 
are  the  following  cities,  aud  their  popula- 


X)klj-n. 


Which  clearrly  gives  New  York  the  third 
dace  among  the  large  cities  of  the  world; 
lore    than  this,   within  a  radius  of  fifteen 


■  rt  cut   <r,t.-!  pl,olo-r„>,n"'Cil  from    a  pr„   slrtrh   fxcnilvd  bij  J.  G.  CrossM-  M., 
author  of  "  Eclectic  Short-hand,"  anil  Dean  of  College  of  Comvierce, 
Illinois  Wctleyan  Vnivtrgity ,  litoomiiigton,  III. 


Giving  Credit. 

Brother  Ames  copies  from  our  September 
issue  an  article  written  expressly  for  the 
Gazette,  without  gi\'ing  us  credit  therefor. 
This,  we  are  sure,  must  be  unintentional. 
The  Penman's  Art  Journal  is  too  good  a 
paper  to  appropriate  the  articles  of  a  con- 
temporary without  a  courteous  acknowledg- 
ment of  their  source. — Penmates  Gazette. 

We  are  obliged  to  Brother  Gaskell  for 
calling  our  attention  to  any  supposed  failure 
on  our  part  tt>  give  full  aud  pntpcr  credit 
to  any  source,  frotn  wbeuce  matter  has  been 
appropriated  for  the  Journal.  He  is  right 
in  his  inference  that  it  must  have  been  unin- 
tentional, and  we  will  add  that  it  was 
entirely  unknown  on  our  pari,  the  article 
having  reached  the  Journal  through 
another  source  than  the  Gazette. 


Eratum. 

In  our  last  issue  was  an  exchange  notice 
of  the  "Penman's  Monthly  Bugle,"  Hiram, 
Ohio.  The  title  should  have  read  "  Bee- 
man'$  Monthly  Bnglc" 


miles,  and  closely  connected  with 
lines  of  railways  and   steamboats 


(with  a  popiilntion  of) 


These  cities  are  little  else  than  suburbs  of 
New  York,  as  is  a  large  portion  of  Slateu 
Uland  and  other  thickly  populated  suburban 
territory.  These  figures  added  to  our  for- 
mer ones  gives  a  population  of  2,125,644, 
which  is  by  far  a  more  just  and  proper  basis 
for  the  estimathm  of  the  size  and  commercial 
importance  of  New  York  than  is  the  census 
of  Manhittan  Island,  upon  which  the  city  is 
so  narrowly  circumscribed,  and  which  seems 
to  fairly  place  New  York  second  upon  the 
list  of  the  large  cities  of  the  world. 

Chirographic  Juveniles. 

Leslie  and  Artie  Pearce,  two  lads,  aged 
eleven  and  ten  years  respectively,  it  would 
.Seem  from  reports,  have  lately  created  quite 
a  ripple  of  sensation  at  the  National  Capital 
and  in  Philadelphia  where  they  have  given 
public  exhibitions  of  tbeir  skill  in  industrial 


and  artistic  wriling.  Thoy  hail  from  the 
shades  of  Conilaud,  Logan  Co.,  111.  Their 
fatlicr,  John  B.  Pearce,  h:is  supervised  tho 
instruction  and  trainiug  of  his  sous  from 
Spencerian  publications  at  their  home  until 
recently.  He  says,  "  The  little  ftdlows  have 
had  no  more  aptitude  for  writing  than  other 
boys,  but  have  by  determined  perseverance 
and  through  the  merits  of  Spencerian  be- 
come adepts  in  the  art.  They  have  been 
under  tho  training  of  Lyman,  and  H.  C. 
Spencer  at  tho  Spencerian  college  in  Wash- 
ington for  a  short  time.  While  there  they 
went  into  public  places  with  blackboards, 
and  with  crayons  exhibited  to  thousands  of 
people  their  plain  and  artistic  writing.  At 
the  close  of  each  performance  they  sold  tho 
Standard  Script  Rulers,  which  the  people 
purchased  almost  as  fast  as  the  youths  could 
hand  them  out.  Such  largo  audiences 
gathered  around  them  that  streets  were 
blockaded,  and  tho  authorities  prohibited 
further  exhibitions. 

December  9th,  1881,  Mr.  Pearce  and  his 
sons  visited  Philadelpliia  in  colnpany  with 
Mr.  H.  C.  Speucer.  At  an  association  meet- 
ing of  about  six  hundred  experienced  edu- 
cators, tlie  lads  were  introduced  by  Mr. 
Spencer,  and  gave  evidence  of  their  skill 
with  chalk  in  folding  Hues  into  easy  graceful 
letters,  and  wore  warmly  applauded  and 
commended  for  their  success  by  the  teachers. 

They  appeared  before  the  students  of 
Soule's  B.  and  S.  College,  numbering  several 
hundred,  who  manifested  a  high  apprecia- 
tion of  the  free_,  beautiful  execution  of  the 
young  chirographers.  We  learn  that  thoy 
are  now  spending  a  short  time  in  Philadcl- 
dolphia,  pitictisiug  "card  writing  with  that 
renowned  pen-artist,  Prof.  Fliekinger. 

Cards  written  by  the  little  Pearco  brothers 
sliould  be  paid  for  aud  treasured  up  as  a 
souvenir,  showing  what  the  youtlis  of  the 
land  can  do,  if  they  will,  iu  the  way  of 
mastering  that  great  secondary  Power  of 
Speech,  the  Art  of  Writing. 

Our    Premiums   for    1882. 

In  addition  to  the  premiums  offered  during 
the  past  year,  we  now  offer  a  copy  of  the 
"  Garfield  Memorial"  (see  reduced  copy  on 
another  page),  printed  on  fine  plate,  19x24. 
It  is  among  the  finest  gems  of  pea  art  ever 
executed,  and  iu  view  of  the  noble  example 
aud  exalted  attainments  of  President  Gar- 
field, it  is  a  most  fitting  picture  for  the 
adorumout  of  any  home  or  school-room  in 
our  laud. 

On  yther  pages  of  this  issue  will  also  bo 
seen  copies  of  three  others  of  the  premiums 
offered.  The  remaining  one,  the  "Centennial 
Picture  of  Progress,"  is  too  large  to  be  re- 
duced to  a  size  convenient  to  print  in  the 
Journal  ;  it  may,  however,  be  safely  re- 
garded as  equal  to  any  here  represented,  in 
the  quality  of  its  execution,  while  in  the  ex- 
tent and  character  of  its  design  it  very  far 
excels  them  all. 

It  will  therefore  he  seen  that  to  every 
subscriber  or  renewer  of  a  subscription, 
during  the  present  month  and  1882,  there 
will  be  given  a  choice  of  any  one  of  Jive  pre- 

The  Garfield  MemoriRl.    •     -     -     -     10x24 

The  Lord's  Prayer, Ii>xi>4 

The  Ci-nteiuiial  Picture  of  Progieei*,  ItSxafi 
The  Flourished  Eagle,     -     -     -     -    '20x32 

The  Buuudiiig  Stag, liOxliU 

Any  i)remium  additional  will  bo  sent  for 

25  cents;  all  five  of  them,  with  the  JOUB- 

NAL,  for  *2.00. 


Detroit,  Mich.,  Dec  31st,  I8pI. 
Editort  Penman's  Art  Jot'RNAL:— Id 
rpiipwing  tny  aubscriptum  to  the  Penman's 
Art  Journal  for  I8Sa,  and  thus  indicst- 
ing  my  appreciation  of  its  merits,  I  desire 
to  exprcM  my  regret  that  there  should  he 
nny  real    or   seemiDg  jealoiwy  among    the 


..rki-i 


,  the  \ 


of  what   onght    together    ^) 
Symmetrical  Business  Eilnoation,  etnhrac- 
ing  whatever  may  be  essential  to  the  reali- 


'Un! 


I  of  what  is  expressed  in  the  nai 
iness  Educators'  Association  of  Am 


Hy  the  action' of  the  association  at  its 
meeting  in  Chicago,  in  lljBO,  this  name  was 
substituted  for  Basiuess  College  Teachers 
iinri  Penmen's  Asssuciation,  adopted  in  Ne«" 
York,  in  1878,  thus  providing  for  its  em- 
hraring  persons  generally,  engaged  in  pro- 
iijoting  business  education  in  any  and 
all  ways,  including  editors  and  authors,  and 
shoii-haiid  writers  and  telegraphers,  as  well 
as  pt-uincii  and  teachers  in  business  colleges. 

Pttrsoniilly,  I  am  intcrosted  in  this  whole 
Work,  in  lis  widest  sense,  and  I  desire  in  a 
(■4itIiolic  spirit  of  the  broadest  fraternity  to 
ffllowsliip  all  others  so  engaged,  upon  the 
simple  Im^i!*  of  their  being  "  business  edu- 
cators," whether  penmen 
they  are  earnest  workers. 

I  have  heretofore  suggested  in  open  con- 
vention the  id^a  of  persons  interested  in 
spccutUieSf  working  in  separate  sections  at 
our  annual  meetings,  as  roferr-d  to  by  my 
Brother  Spencer,  of  Milwaukee,  in  the 
Di'cemher  number  of  tlie  Journal.  But 
lot  us  remain  fellow- workers  "  of  one  spirit," 
by  any  and  all  means  prouiotiug  the  great 
and  good  work  indicated  by  the  name  of  our 
aasocialion.  Ira  Mayhew. 


Bascom,  Ind.,  Dec.  27th,  1881. 

Editors  of  Journal  : — You  will  find 
cash  inclosed  to  renew  my  subscription  to 
the  Penman's  Art  Journal. 

1  am  but  a  common  school  teachi 
would  not  do  without  the  Journal  for 
twice  the  amount,  it  costs, 
cards  and  copies  as  specir 
have  learned  from  the  JoURNA 

more  to  the  Journal 


"■"'"■'  ""*     1/     T.  C.  Chapman,  penmnn  at  thi 
;,  provided    ^Mo.)  Normal  Business  College,  v 


I  send  a  few  ,  I  g 
ens  of  what  I   L 


nproveme 
my  other 


N.  L.  Richmond. 


Mr.  Richmond  writes  a  hand  which  would 
do  honor  to  a  professional.  Indeed,  few  better 
written  letters  than  his  have  been  received 
during  the  month,  and  we  give  place  in  the 
Journal  to  his  letter  as  one  of  the  many 
testimimials  from  public  school  teachers 
n-spociing  the  value  and  inHuence  of  the 
Journal  in  that  direction.  The  Journal, 
iu  the  hands  of  every  public  school  teacher, 
would  very  soon  work  a  much  needed  re- 
formation in  the  manner  and  efficiency  of 
teaching  writing  in  our  public  schools,  and 
it  would  by  no  means  retard  the  work,  were 
the  school  officers  of  the  notion  to  become 
reguhir  reajlers  of  the  Journal,  but,  like 
leaven,  it  is  working  already,  as  the  names  of 
many  otEcers  as  well  as  teachers  are  upon 
our  subscription  list,  and  the  number  is  now 
rapidly  increasing. 


Thib 
generally 


be  the  most 
r  published 
for  a  «lub  (»f  twi 
The  ahove  cut  repres 


omprohensivo  practical  and  aitistio  guide  to  <  rnaintnt 

Sent  pon  naid    to  any  address  on  recoi|  t  of  44  "iO 
Ive  sul  fp   1  ers  to  tlie  Journal 
nta  Ml**  title  page  of  the  work,  which  is  '  i  x  14  lu  size. 


Jnsoph  V 


C.  B.  Hanna,  teacher  of  writing  at  Epwi 
Seminary,  Epworlh,  Iowa,  incloses  two  cri 
able  specimens  of  flourishing  and  writing. 

y'  C.  N.  Crandle,  teacher  of  writing  in  the  pub-  , 
lie  nchuols  of  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  sttiids  a  skill-  } 
fully  executed  specimen  of  off-hand  flouriehing.y 


Art  annually,  and  these  sliouhl  be  a  full  t 
tendance  and  earnest  work  (tone  to  advan 
good  writing  and  elevate  the  staudurd  of  c 
iiamenlal  pen-work."' 


Answer  to  Correspondents. 

A,  E.  J.,  Omega,  Texas.  Tu  give  a  correct 
position  tu  the  pen  the  hand  should  be  turned 
toward  you  until  the  wrist  is  nearly  Hat  and 
the  pen  holder  points  directly  over  tlie  right 
shoulder,  keeping  the  front  of  the  pen  square 
to  the  pappr,  so  that  the  two  nibs  of  the  pen 
shall  be  constantly  under  the  same  degree  of 
pressure. 

J.  H.  S..  Hi.bbardston,  Mich.,  askes  a  ques- 
tion relative  to  spacing  writing  which  he  will 
find  Huewered  iu  the  fourth  "olumn  of  the 
second  page  of  this  issue. 


t 


C.  W.  Rice,  of  Greenwood,  Colorado,  writes 
handsome  letter,  in  which  he  incloses  super- 
specimens  of  practical  writing  and  tiourisb- 

J.  M.  Vincent,  of  Los  Angeles.  Cal.,  Busi- 
sss  College,  incloses,  in  a  well-written  letter, 
>veral  excellent  apeciraens  of  plain  and  fancy 
irds. 
J,  M.  Piersou.  of  Lone  St 

jrt  Worth,  Texas,  writes  a  handsome 
which  be  iuclosea  several  well-executed 


^J.  M. 

^/Hege,    F. 
'H     letter  iu 


F.  A.  Holmes,  of  Holmes*  Commercial  Col- 
lege, Fall  Ktver,  Mass.,  writes  a  good  band. 

J.  W.  Titcomh,  has  open^-d  a  Writing  Institu 
lion  at  274  Maiu  Street,  Hartford,  Conn.  A 
specimeu  of  his  lettering  and  Uouribliiiig, 
pUuto-engraved  lor  the  tiile-pn^e  of  his  circular, 
presents  a  very  credifable  appearance. 


Annie  G.  Hill,  teacher  of  writing  in  the  pub- 
lic fchools,  also  the  Collegiate  Institute. 
Springfield,  Mass.,  is  an  accomplished  writer. 
Her  tetters  are  superior  specimens  of  practical 
writing. 

J.  F.  Mooar,  teacher  of  writing  iu  the 
Bryant  and  Stratton  Commercial  School, 
Boatou,  iucloses  an  elegant  sp^'cimen  of  prac- 
tical writing  by  a  young  lady  pupil  of  that 

MissGeorKie  Underbill,  of  Bridgeport,  Conn., 
sends  an  elaborate  and  ingenious  design,  entitled 
'■Welcome  1882."  While  it  has  faul.s  in  the 
detail  of    its  design,  in  general    it  has  much 

A  letter,  done  up  in  true  Spencerlaa  style, 
comes  from  P.  R.  Spencer,  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He 
also  incloses  a  superb  specimen  of  practical 
writing  by  John  S.  Scott,  who  is  teaching  with 
Mr.  Spencer  iu  the  Spencerian  Business  Col- 
lege. 

C.  W.  Wilkins,  with  the  New  Hampshire 
Fire  Insurance  Co.,  Manchester,  N.  H.,  not 
only  writes  an  excellent  business  baud,  but 
possesses  consideralde  artistic  skill,  as  is  evin- 
cifal  by  a  set  of  reeolntions  lately  eiigroBsed 
by  bim,  a  photograph  of  which  is  before  us. 

An  imperial-size  photograph  of  a  finely 
executed  specimen  of  lettering  by  Mr.  J.  Gold- 
smith, of  Moore's  Business  University,  Atlauta, 
Ga.,  has  been  received.  The  work  is  in  form  of  a 
college  advertisement.  The  lettering,  for  ac- 
curacy of  form  aud  good  taste,  is  really  excel- 
lent. 

The  Rev.  N.  R.  Luce,  of  Luce's  Business 
College,  Union  City,  Pa.,  is  an  enthusiastic 
disciple  of  Father  Spencer,  writes  a  good  hand, 
incloses  a  handsome  card,  and  says,  respecting 
a  Penman's  Coaveniiou.  "  1  tliiuk  the  penmen 
of  this  country  should  hold  a  Couveutioa  of 


"fat.  After  writing  a  short 

ime  my  hand  be- 

lt cau8.-d  bv  let- 

ting  the  ihumh  rt-i  ;ilmiii-i 
little  below  the  lii-^i   |.H,it  >,t 

i-(  liii'-.T,  or  by 

the    second  fin;.'--i    h.in-    |J 

holder  at  the  corn.',  -l  ilj,    n;, 

Snd.  Will    being    ^j.iii^    mn 

.if.  ..1,  in   other 

words,  "raw  boned,"  binder 

ue  from  being  an 

expert  penman f   My  weight! 

1:J0  lbs.,  height, 

5  feel,  10  inches." 

Am.  lit  The  most  probable  csuae  o 
difficulty  is  too  tight  a  grip  upon  yoi 
holder,  which  is  possibly  too  small, 
large-sized  bolder,  and  hold  it  loosely. 

Am.  2d.    We    think    not ;    we    have 
who  were 


maTiy   very   spare    persons 
penmen. 

A.  .J.  F.,  Worthington,  Ind.— What  is 
meant  by  tho  scale  of  thirds  as  used  in 
writing?  Ans. — The  space  between  the 
ruled  liues  upon  paper  is  supposed  to  be 
divided  into  four  equal  spaces,  three  of  which 
above  and  two  below  the  base  lino  are  to 
be  occupied  by  the  writing.  The  following 
cut  will  illustrate. 


The  tlii'ue  apric^s  occupii^d  ubuvu  the  Hi 
may  be  denominated  a  scale  of  thirds. 


The  following  is  said  to  have  been  tto 
direction  on  a  loiter  left  at  the  Fort  Wayne 
post- office : 

Bustmaster,  bleas  to  send  him  strait, 

Benxilvuny  is  der  Staight, 

Olt  Venango,  dais  der  county. 


Vere  oil  l)onre 

out  mit  Heaven's  pounty. 

Franklin,  she" 

der  gounty  seat, 
on  Libenfy  Sbtreet ; 

Der  Bost  Otfic 

Sharley  Taylo 

r,  he's  de  man  ; 

Send  heryust 

18  quick  as  you  can. 

Penn.  B.  C.  Journal. 

Back   Numbers. 

All  or  any  of  the  ba<;k  numbers  of  the 
Journal,  and  since  inclusive  of  January, 
1878,  can  be  supplied.  No  number  priortii 
that  date  ejin  be  mailed. 

All  the  48  back  numbers,  with  any  four 
of  the  premiums,  will  be  mailed  for  $^.25, 
inclusive  of  1882,  mth  the  five  pretniums, 
for  $4.00. 


Whole-Arm  vs.  Fore-Arm. 

BV  C.  II.  PEIRCE. 

Free  speech  is  America's  main-spring,  and 
the  difference  of  opinion  serves  a  purpose 
that  places  her  in  the  forontbsl  rank  iu  all 
schemes  of  venture. 

1  venture  the  assertion  that  the  teaching 
of  whole-arm  should  precede  fore-arm. 

Programmes  "  H  "  aud  "  C,"  as  given  in 
the  Journal,  will  give  all  its  readers  a 
key  tu  my  argument.  As  the  different  points 
are  gained  in  their  order  in  Programme 
"  B,"  they  may  be  followed  intelligibly  and 
successfully  in  Programme  '*  C." 

For  example,  take  any  one   of  the  103 
Extended  Movement  exercise 
execution  fore-arm,  and  nine 
fail.      Produce  in  onler  of  sii 
of  the    extended 


and  good  results  fo 
out  of  ten,  with  hi 
A  fair  trial  will 


I  do 


t  hold  that 
-artn  withn 


,  and  attempt 
mt  of  ten  will 
plicity  a  few 
,  whcde-arm, 
arm  will  follow,  nine 
little  discouragement. 


1  impossibility  to 


tvhole-t 


But  take  a  class,  and  the  best  results  are 
<d»taiued  by  executing  whole-arm  move- 
ments first,  then  follow  in  order  of  simpHoity 
with  work  fore-arm. 

1.  That  the  fore-arm  is  the  great  central 
power  is  no  reason  why  it  should  precede 
whole-arm,  no  more  than  a  child  should  be- 
gin by  reading  the  newspapers  because  it  is 
what  he  or  she  will  do  when  grown. 

2.  To  the  average  student  whole-arm  is 
far  ea.'fier  to  acquire  than  fore-arm,  hence 
should  precede. 

3.  There  is  certain  work  requiring  the 
whole-ar.n  that  cannot  cotti!emen(/y  be  sup- 
plied by  fore-arm.  If  this  be  true,  we  are 
compelled  to  learn  it  in  order  to  meet  all  re- 
quirements to  the  best  advantage,  and  if 
compelled,  why  not  at  first,  when  facts  pt>int 
to  it  as  the  easiest  for  beginners  f 

There  is  no  churn  to  any  difference  in 
these  two  movements  after  power  over  both 
lins  once  been  gained,  no  more  than  there  ia 
any  difference  in  iutellectual  power  between 
2x2  and  11x11. 

To  beginners  there  is  a  difference,  other- 
erwise  there  is  none. 

4.  The  muscles  of  the  shoulder  are  more 
easily  moved,  producing  who!e-arm,  than 
the  muscles  of  the  fore-arm. 

5.  The  muscles  of  the  fore  arm  are  con. 
trolled  by  the  larger  and  stronger  muscles  of 
the  arm,  hent^e,  power  over  the  larger  will 
control  the  smaller. 

More,  if  necessary,  at  another  time. 

The  Largest  Libraries. 

A  correspondent  asks  which  are  the 
largest  three  libraries  in  tho  world,  and 
which  the  largest  three  in  this  country.  By 
far  the  largest  in  the  world  is  the  National 
Library  at  Paris,  which,  in  1874,  contained 
2,000,000  printed  books  aud  150,000  manu- 
scripts. Which  the  next  largest  is  it  ia 
difficult  to  say,  for  iho  British  Museum  and 
the  Imperial  Library  at  St.  Petersburg  both 
had  iu  1874  l,U)0,OtX)  volumes-  After 
them  cotnes  the  Royal  Library  of  Munich, 
with  its  900,000  books.  The  Vatican  Li- 
brary of  Home  is  sometimes  erroneously 
supposed  to  be  among  the  largest,  while  in 
point  of  fact  it  is  surpassed,  so  far  as  tho 
number  of  volumes  go,  by  more  than  sixty 
European  collections.  It  contains  105,000 
printed  books  aud  ^5,500  manuscripts.  Tho 
National  Library  at  Paris  is  one  of  the 
very  oldest  iu  Europe,  having  been  founded 
in  1350,  while  the  British  Museum  dates 
from  1753,  or  a  time  more  than  40U  years 
later.  In  the  United  States  the  largest  is 
tho  library  of  Congress  at  Washington, 
which  in  1874  contained  20 1 ,000  volumes. 
The  Boston  Public  followed  very  closely 
after  it  with  260,500  volutnes,  aud  the  Har- 
vard University  collection  came  next  with 
200,000.  The  Astor  and  Mercantile  of 
Nt'wYorkar.-  next,  each  having  148,000. 
Among  the  colleges,  after  Harvard's  li- 
brary, comes  Yale's  with  100,000,  Dart- 
mouth's   ij    nert  witb   50,000,   aud    then 


VUT  aOlIUNAt 


&^B 


ACTUAL  BUSINESS   DEPARTMENT  0|^- 


1  -'-^ 


# 


The  above  cuts  are  photo-eograved  from  pen  copy,  and  correctly  represent  our  fractional  currency,  for  use  in  schools  of  business,  except  tliat  tlie  currency  is  printed  from 
photo -lithographic  transfers,  and  is  about  \  smaller  than  the  above  cuts.  The  former  currency  having  been  pronounced  illegal,  from  its  being  a  promise  to  pay  a  specified 
sum  of  money,  we  have  substituted  other  matter  which  entirely  overcomes  that  objection  without  ^t  all  dimishing  the  convenience  and  attractiveness  of  the  script.  The  fractional 
currency  ia  now  reaily  for  sale,  and  duplscates  of  these  cuts  will  be  sold  at  $3.0U  each. 

The  regular  currency  of  the  dollar  denominations  will  bo  ready  by  the  1 5th  inst.  It  will  be  very  handsome — reflecting  more  the  penman's  than  the  engraver's  art.  One 
of  the  chief  objections  urged  against  our  former  Script  was  the  strong  resemblance  between  the  styles  of  lettering  and  vignettes  used  to  those  custoraery  with  bank  note  engravers. 
This  we  have  avoided,  as  well  as  the  the  terms  Cashier,  and  President.     Also  the  promise  to  pay,  and  the  term  Dollar  have  beenomitted.     Samples  and  terms  sent  by  return  of 


oomcs  in  order,  Cornell  with  40,000;  the 
University  of  Virginia  with  .'{fi.OOO;  Bow- 
doin  with  35,000 ;  the  University  of  South 
Carolina  witli  :i0,000;  Ann  Arbor,  30,000; 
Amherst,  29,000 ;  Princeton,  28,000 ;  Wes- 
leyao,  25,500,  and  Columbia,  25,000.— 
i^ew  York  Tribune. 

Great  Writers  at  Work. 
How  Dryden  worked  I  cannot  find  re- 
corded ;  doubtless  at  any  time  aad  all  times, 
wlieuever  the  need  of  money  pressed  him. 
Pope  always  required  his  wTiting-desk  to 
be  set  upon  hia  bed  before  he  rose.  Gray, 
the  author  of  the  "  Elegy,"  was  perhaps  of 
all  writers  tlie  most  curiously  minute  in  his 
iiietimd ;  it  ia  said  that  he  perfected  each 
line  separately,  amending  and  rewriting  it 
I'ver  and  over  again,  and  never  commenced 
auother  until  the  first  had  wholly  satisfied 
his  fastidious  taste.  Byron  sat  down  to 
write  without  any  premeditation ;  his  ideas 
flowed  with  his  ink,  and  one  line  suggested 
the  next.  But  after  the  poem  was  com- 
pleted, and  during  its  passage  through  the 
press,  he  was  continually  altering,  inter- 
liniDg,  and  adding.  'The  first  copy  of  "The 
Giaour"  consisted  of  only  400  lines;  to 
each  new  edition  were  added  new  passages, 
until  it  swelled  to  nearly  1,400  lines.  Dur- 
ing the  printing  of  "  The  Brido  of  Abydos" 
ho  added  200  lines,  and  many  of  the  origi- 
nal were  altered  again  and  again.  Cue  of 
tlie  uHfflt  constantly  laborious  writers  of 
whom  we  have  any  account  was  Southey. 
Ill  one  of  hia  letteni  be  says :  "  Imagine 
iiie  in  this  gr^at  study  of  miue  (at  Gesta 
Hall,  Keswick)  from  breakfaat  till  dinner, 
from  dinner  till  tea,  and  from  tea  till  supper, 
in  my  old  Vtlack  coat,  my  c^irduroys  alter- 
nated with  the  long  worsted  pantaloons  and 
gaiters  in  one,  and  the  green  shade,  and 
sitting  at  my  desk,  and  you  have  my  pic- 
ture and  my  history.  •  •  •  My  actions 
are  as  regular  as  those  of  Saint  Dunslan's 
quarter  bags.  Tliree  pages  of  history  after 
breakfast ;  then  to  tmnscribe  and  copy  for 
press,  or  to  make  my  selections  and  biog- 
raphies,, or  what  else  suiu  my  humor,  till 
diuuer-tinie;  from  dinner  till  tea  I  read, 
write  letters,  see  tlie  newspapers,  and  very 
often  indulge  in  a  siesta.  After  tea  I  go  to 
poetry,  and  correct  and  re-write  and  copy  til) 


I  am  tired,  and  then  turn  to  anything  till 
supper,  and  this  is  my  life,  which,  if  it  be 
not  a  merry  one,  is  yet  as  happy  aa  heart 
could  wish." — The  Argosy. 


Philosophy, 

A  Chicago  Girl  at  Concord. — A 
young  lady  on  the  west-side  has  just  re- 
turned from  Boston.  While  there  her  uncle, 
who  is  a  reporter  on  a  sporting  paper,  took 
her  to  the  Summer  School  of  Pliilosophy  at 
Concord.  She  heard  some  one  read  an 
essay  on  "The  Absoluteness  of  Absolute- 
ism,"  and  became  infatuated  with  the  doc- 
trine taught. 

"Chawlea,"  said  she  to  her  lover  the 
other  evening  {he  is  a  clerk  in  a  harness- 
store  :  "  Chawles  d<i  you  realize  that  you 
cannot  differentiate  the  indissoluble  abso- 
luteness of  the  absolute  f" 

"  No,"  he  replied,  "  to  tell  you  the  truth, 
I  don't;"  and,  aa  it  was  the  first  time  he 
had  seen  her  since  she  got  back,  the  sug- 
gestion uttered  struck  him  with  some  alarm. 

"  Do  you  ever  stop  to  inquire,"  she  be- 
gan again,  "into  the  inehoation  or  the 
rudimentary  incipience  of  the  rhapsodical 
coagmentatioQ  of  your  thoughts  of  love?" 

"  Well,  not  to  speak  of,"  he  said. 

"Then,  if  there  is  one  drop  of  blood  in 
your  heart  that  pulsates  for  me,  if  there  is 
one  conceit,  nooscopic  or  psychological,  that 
in  the  incogitancy  of  your  dreams,  or  in  the 
perquisition  of  your  waking  hours,  absorbs 
a  thought  of  me,  I  beg  that  you  would 
eliminate  any  abstruse  or  equivocal  particles 
of  distrust  from  the  profound  and  all-trans- 
picioua  abnormality  of  your  love." 

"  Great  heavens !  Maria,  have  you  swal- 
lowed a  dictionary  t" 

"  No,  I  have  not,"  she  said,  with  a  look 
of  stem  and  forbidden  displeasure;  "  I  have 
been  to  tlie  school  of  philoiophy  at  Con- 
cord."— Inter-  Ocean, 


The  North  American  Review  for 
January  is  of  more  than  usual  interest.  Its 
:  leading  article  contains  the  opinion  of  five 
eminent  physicians— Drs.  Beard  and  Seguin 
of  this  city;  EIwMl  of  Cle\ eland;  Jewell 
of  Chicago,  and  Folsom  of  Boston— upon 
"The  Moral  Responsibility  of  the  Insane." 


The  prominence  just  now  given  to  this  sub- 
ject by  the  trial  of  the  assassiu  Guiteau 
attaches  to  these  able  papers  more  than  an 
ordinary  degree  of  interest.  The  other  ar- 
ticles in  this  number,  and  which  are  by  no 
means  uninteresting,  are:  "The  New  Po- 
litical Machine,"  by  Wm.  Slartin  Dickson; 
"Shall  Women  Practice  Medicine?"  by 
Dr.  Mary  Putnam  Jacubi ;  "The  Geneva 
Award  and  the  Insurance  Companies,"  by 
G.  B.  Cole;  and  "  A  Chapter  of  Confeder- 
ate History,"  by  F.  G.  Kutfin.  The  an- 
nouncement is  made  that  the  February 
number  of  the  Revieio,  to  be  issued  Jan- 
nary  15th,  will  contain  Part  III.  of  the 
"  Christian  Religion  "  series  of  articles,  and 
that  it  is  to  be  a  very  able  defense  of  the 
Christian  faith. 


Book  Notices. 

Kev  to  Sadler's  Counting-house 
Arithmetic— We  are  in  receipt  ofa  copy  of 
the  above-named  work.  It  consists  of  116 
pages  printed  in  autographic  style,  and  pre- 
sents a  good  appearance,  and  will  undoubt- 
edly be  a  work  of  great  convenience  and 
value  to  teachers  and  others  who  are  using 
this  arithmetic  either  as  a  text  or  hand  book. 
Full  information  may  be  had  by  addressing 
W.  H.  Sadler,  6  North  Charles  St.,  Balti- 
more, Md. 


A  New  Commercial  Arithmetic— 
We  are  in  the  receipt  of  a  note  from 
Prof,  S.  S.  Packard,  the  well-known  author 
of  the  Bryant  and  Stratton  series  of  B  usines 
College  Text  Books,  announcing  that  he 
had  mailed  to  us  (but  which  we  have  not 
received)  the  advance  pages  of  a  new 
Practical  Arithmetic,  which  he  says  "  is, 
of  course,  to  be  the  best  Arithmetic 
ever  published,"  which  we  can  vouch 
for  so  far  as  large  experience,  ripe  scholar- 
ship, and  earnest  faithful  work  can  go 
tow.irds  producing  such  a  work.  We  may 
say  more  when  the  proofs  arrive. 

Carhart's  Class  Book  op  Commer- 
cial Law  is  mer-ting  with  an  unusual  de- 
maud.  It  seeraa  to  supply  a  want  long  felt 
in  commercial  school;  '■>r  a  concise,  clear 
and  practicjJ  text-book  ,  "ommercial  law. 
Teachers  who  have  not  examm-d  the  work 


should  send  one  dollar  for  a  specimen  copy 
to  C.  E.  Carhart,  Albany  Business  College, 
Albany,  New  York. 


Ames'  Compendium. 

of  Ppdciical  aud  Omameutal  Penmanship 
is  designed  esj-iecially  for  the  use  of  pro- 
fessional penmen  aud  artists.  It  gives  an 
unusual  uumber  of  alphabets,  a  well  graded 
series  at  practical  exercises,  aud  specimens 
ut  utl-hand  flourishing,  and  a  great  nMmber 
o\  specimen  sheets  of  engrossed  title-pages, 
resolutions,  certificates,  memorials,  etc.  Ii 
is  the  most  comprehensive,  practical,  »i6etui, 
and  popular  work-  to  all  classes  cf  iifofes- 
sional  penman  ever  published.  Seut,  post- 
paid, to  any  address  on  receipt  uf  $4.50,  or 
as  a  premium  for  a  clbb  of  VZ  subscribers  to 
the  Journal.  ' 

The   following   are   a  few  of  the  many 
Mattering   notices   from  the  press  and  pa- 


..ly  1.,  u,w,t^T.~A'cw  Yor 


>ugb  the  work.— /'u{iru/i«ri'  iruJely. 
i'ROM  patrons. 


Ilioll  JliBlly 


I  lliink  it  fer  (upenor  to  any  work  ot  llio  kind  yet  [nib 
lishod.  ll  nie«ta  tlia  waiilii  of  every  live  iwainiiii ;  uu  oq- 
vnfvllo  (Torker  cun  olTunl  to  \m  witluiul  it. — J'ruf.  A.  A. 

I  cannot  exprew  my  opinion.  I  can  unly  wiy  It  la  im- 
memt.  and  oo  prumwlve  penman  in  Aroenca  can  aUTunl 
to  b«  wilhout  It—J-riif.  L.  AriTt.  Bed  Wii»e,  Minn. 


A  New  Pen. 

The  Esterbrook  Steel  P.'nlCo-.'of  26 
.ImIih  Street,  New  York,  have  brought  out 
itiiciig  their  new  pens  a  falcon  pen  no  a 
large  Bcale  cdlie.1  the  Mammoth,  No.  lUO. 
It  is  about  three  times  the  ordioary  size, 
has  a  fine,  free,  ea^y,  elastic  action,  anil  is 
iuteniled  for  corresjK>ndence  and  general 
I.ii3irie»s  purposes.     They  are  furnished  by 

-It.zen  pcQs  and  one  penholder  of  a  size 
^|le^•iaIIy  made  to  fit,  or  mi  cards  containing 
iMi'lve  pens,  with  on?  penholder  to  each 
':iril.  As  a  useful  novelty  it  has  already 
with  a  largo  amount   of  popular  ap- 


fll    COMFLSTl    SCGOUNT&IT. 


■..val. 


The  other  nnmhors  of  the  Esterbrook 
C'tunpany  are  as  popular  a.-*  ever,  including 
a  great  variety  for  school,  business,  college, 
and  ornamental  purjioses. 


FANCY    CARDS! 

TWELVE  DESIGNS,  ALL  DIFFERENT. 
THE  BEST  /A'  THE  MARKET. 


JUST    PUBLISHED. 

THE  THIRD  EDITION  OF  THE 

Class  Book  of  Commercial  Law, 
By  C.  E.  Cajihakt, 


of  Biuinua,  DESIGNED  e 
for  elatt  or  priuiU  irutrur 


WHAT  OTHERS  SAY  OF  IT: 

From  H.  E.  Hibbard,  Principal  of  Hibbard'e 

Commercial  School,  Boston,  Mase.: 

From  S.  S.  Packard,  Packard's  College,  New 


irably  arranged  Bod  aojudicunulj/  con 
ucFuru  UB  lu  juup  Clau-Imok  on  thU  aubjeot." 

From  Robert  C.  Spfnter.  Piiiicipnl  ofMilwnti 


am  Rob 
kee  Bm 


From  A.  D.  Wilt,  Principal  of  Miami  Commer- 
cial College,  Dayton,  Ohio: 
"It  1»  ailiiiimble lor  lu  oomprehenilveDeu,  iu ebartteu 
<tfilaUment.  itnd  its  adnDtabilitygeuerolly  to  ther«quire- 
nivulB  of  liiitnictioD  in  tlika  liiglily  iniportaol  pan  of  the 
curriculuiu  ol  a  Bubidmi  College.  I  iuoloM  Hoii«y-anI«r 
(or  10  Ctijiie*  Bud  expect  to  n«ed  many  mora." 


postpaid  to  any  addrttas  ( 


eipl  of 


One  Dollar.     Address' 

C.  E.  CARHART, 
6-U      Albany  Busineas  College,  Albany,  N.  Y. 


DISPIAY    rUTS    FOR    ADVlfiTISING. 


r  snm«.    Fur  Diplomat  and  Sprcim: 

mw  ARK   UKEyUALKIt.     Tli<«e  Wii 

•tfR.    College  Currency,  I'tnliuKmlul 


NOW  THE  LEADING  TREATISE  ON  BOOK-KEEPING 


IN    THIS  COUNTRY. 


Arranged  for  use  in  Business  Colleges,  High  Schools, 
and  Academies. 


This 

fteliig  tjikeii  from  tlic  iictiml  books  o 
ly  practical,  and  commends  itself  nt 

The  Method  of  preacTitlnp  the  i 
knoiiUdge  ot  llotik-ktcping  easy  for 
com-se  is  a  gi-ndnol  but  ccitnln  advoi 
and  tboroiiglily  prepared  for  the  mat 

The  scoPKof  llie  work  Is  wide,  > 
Cftte  and  complicated  reooiUs.  It  la 
the  study,  and  sufBcientty  extended 

The  mattkr.  The  studc 
slons ;  and  tcacliei-s  will  And 
The  work  to  he  done  by  the  si 


most  nppfoved  forms  and  methods  in  the  seicncc  of 
Diisinrss  houses,  and  not  the  rcsnlt  of  theovizlni;.  It  Is  cmlnent- 
ice  alike  to  business  men  and  teaehci-s  of  pi-aotfcal  ideas, 
i-ions  subjects  is  such  as  to  render  the  acqnisltion  of  u  nound 
le  student  of  average  ability  and  Induetiy.  The  students' 
e,  no  siihjcc-t  being  presented  until  the  mind  has  been  carefully 
■ry  of  its  difflcultles. 

rending  from  the  rudiments  of  the  science  to  the  most  intrl- 
niciently  elementary  to  be  within  the  cApacily  of  beginners  In 
1  prepare  the  sti.dciit  for  any  department  of  accountantship, 
il!  And  In  this  work  no  waste  matetiiU,  and  no  liTclevant  dlscns- 
every  page  contains  mottor  of  weight  and  value,  and  only  sueh. 
jt  Is  perhaps  double  that  found  in  any  other  similar  treatise, 
order  to  accommodate  scho<  1'*  of  different  grades,  the  work  is  issued  In  two  editions,  printed 
in  coloi-s,  on  fine  heavy  paper,  and  bound  in  beat  of  cloth. 

The  Counting  House  Edition 

contains  %'i6  page,  of  which  G4  pages  are  devoted  to  rrelinifuaiy  Exercises  and  Rctnil  Business:  W 
pages  to  Wholesale  Merchandising:  IS  pages  to  Farm  Accounts;  20  pages  to  Lumber  Account",  J8 
pages  to  Manufacturing:  ISpages  toSteumboating;  13  pages  to  Railioading:  20  pages  b 
>i5  pages  to  Banking ;  the  i-emuining  pait  of  tlie  work  to  miscellaneous  subjects. 

Retail  price  $3.50  Order  of  Two  Dozen,  or  more 

Introduction  price 210  .Sample  Book,  fov examination,  bye 

Per  dozen  (thereafter),  per  copy 2.34  Sample  Hook,  for  examination,  by  r 

A  complete  set  of  Blank  Books,  ruled  and  indexed  expressly  for  this  work,  will  be  furnished  e 
§'2.7.S  per  set  net,  retail,  $4..')0. 

The  High  School  Edition 

contains  164  pages  devoted  to  the  rudiments  of  the  science,  and  Retail  iitid  Wholesale  Merchandising. 
Tills  edition  in  precisely  what  Is  required  in  Higli  Schools,  Academics  and  Universities,  where  an  ex 
tended  conisc  is  not  attempted,  but  where  a  clear  understanding  of  the  ordinary  methods  of  Ac- 


Sample  Book,  for 
Blank  Books,  complete  for  this  edition,  $1.7,?  net,  retail,  iiAO. 
tO"  Ordei-s  will  receive  prompt  attention. 

Respectfully, 

HOWE  &  POWERS, 


THE  NEW 

BRYANT  &  STRATTON 

BOOK-KEEPING     BLANKS, 

Aiiiiplfd  for  use  ivilli  or  wMu.M    IVxt-liTOk, 

BiiJ  lh«  ouir  set  rvcciiiiiiiriule,!  to 

accoiiij.aiiy 

"THE  NEW 

Bryant  &    Stratton 

Counting- House-Bookkeeping." 

DANKIKG  SET.      '      HUSINF.SS  FORMS,         ^    " 


)  BUS 


CTICE  I 


jCollogM 


"JOHN  D'S  FAVORITE  PEN." 

Mly  ndapi.-.!  f.r  I'libh,'  :.;.,|  iTm.i.- SchooU  aDdBook- 

DANIEL  SLOTE  &  CO., 

19  AND  121  William  Stkbkt,  New  York. 


THE  DAY  SPACING 
Shading     T     Square. 


NEW  1882   PRICE-LIST 

PENMENS'    CARDS, 


Gold   Edge  (four  ^styli 

1,50  per  thousand. 

Bev.-I   K.i-^  .■ards  (fou 


NEW  ENGLAND  CARD  CO., 

"WoonsDCket,  R.  I. 

or  comer),  1.26  ami 

■.}\tx  corner,  3.25  per 

lifvel  (four  slvle«),  3.70  per 

.1,    4.50    per    thousund ;    with 

Turned  Corner,  new.  ."i.75  per 


uid. 

Card,  BrUlol,  Red,  Black,  Blue, 
J. 00  per  Ihoueand. 
u>.  thousand  cards,  25  cents. 
r.'i  cents  per  dozen.  Turned 
-..  Carils  only  3.00  per  thou- 
Orders  promptly  fdled. 
11  T.  Ajii.:b.  and  all  the  leadinc 


liclV 


tthe 


A  PLACE  FOR  YOUR  DICTIONARY. 
A  PLACE  FOR  YOUR  NEWSPAPERS, 
A  PLACE  FOR  YOUR  PERIODICALS, 

THE  NOYE8  DICTIOHARy'hOLDER. 


vsibirmi/iuXubiV  i.'i'kV  m! 

)r  l>!u«k,  blue,  green,  red, 
vn.  ffoM.  silver,  white,  In- 

e,  ODondagB  couDty,  N,  Y. 

W'i:zt!:z.iz:l'i 

J-  Italiun  Caritals  in  their 
51l.en.6.    C.H.  PEIRCE. 

!,';"!;!'-r'rf?::vv;''i-::t^ 

C";'^:":,""^:.;;:. ■:■■."„  /,  -„■;:.„: 

7^^^:-"- ;-,.,. ;„/.:„  ■.  ,„„„  .: , 

Y°^,;;::;:::..;,vr-;::;.:;:!"u.LVt;K:L.'    ' 

ege.     Var  pnrtit'uliin  ud- 

RilY  Oblique  Holdpr,    1  Vn-^ 
IVI     "llaliitii  Ciipiial- 

i"''' ''■'''.'   ^"'il'!J''J^7 

■jPnnripnl,"    m"^  „l  'p.    1 

Ames,     PKSUA.VH    ART 

P°1?Etic!^^"''  "■"    '" 

"  "°  ""»»'""•    <^  "■ 

Bryant's  Nmu  Series. 

BOOK-KEEPING. 

EiGnrii    Edition.        Copyrighted,   1881, 

Bv  J.  C.  BRYANT,  M.D., 


-^^^ 


July,   1881 


JUST      PUBLISHED. 

THE  COHPLETE  EOrTION  OF 


July,   1881 


COUNTING-HOUSE    ARITHMETIC, 

<  oMI'ltlSlNO    OVER    000    OCTAVO    PA(iES. 


.nowl^genr  Arith. 


vnliuble  Refereooe  Table*.    D««i^«id  for  Bai 

McLtlon  or  Mirti'l.^"  mpiil*..  but  one  of  ihuie  wlf.imp.we.I  iMka  which  bos  been  in  prepamtion  for  man 
)m4w  forth  now  fu  «  I'KACTICAL  TBTT-BOOK  long  ne#d#<l  In  the  olaM-roonui  of  the  iMtitution 
•■  iind«il|ro<nl.  i"»l  by  him  p«»iwlly  eonducJeU  for  a  ]*riod  of  OVER  A  SIXTH  OF  A  CENTUBV 

PART    SECOND 

f  U>»»boT«work.  beginning  wilh  thB  subject  of  Peromitage,  wM  published  in  Septonitjer.  1880.  Halo 
10  •irwnjwl  lna..iwin«H  kiuodk  monj-  of  the  londinj  edu«to™  of  Ihu  oounlry.  nud  wm  artopted  it 
ICNDRED  of  lh»  pwmiamt  Biuinew  Collegw  twd  Private  Schoola  in  the  Unlt<«l  StaW  nod  Cansdai. 

PART   FIRST 

:u  Jiul  bMn  eomplolvd.  nnil  oOMipriw*  168  pngM.  b«ginnini 


SADLER'S  COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC; 


I'n.i.i  II.  E.  ini.l.iii-a.  I'liucipnl  Bryant  A  ^ 
of  nrfhwDoe  in  the  Counting-room.    The  bent  1  li.i  > 
IVom  Charles  ClaKhom,  Pritii-ipal  Brvur,    . 
nHUI«<l  lu  to  much  better  rMult*  than  ne  have  •.<•  ■.  •  > 


rrom  O.  RWillianiB,  Prof.  Law  and  MaMi-rnHtl....  R..fh^ster  Busint-BB  UnBity,  Rochester,  N.  Y.: 

"  After  crilioal  ejtnmlnallan  of  111  any  of  its  Jmiiin  ^  1  jt i-  ihem  excellent,  and  liave  fomid  it«  varied  and 

oilmuitivd  nuBlyaes  of  nommercinl  lopicM  not  ouK    |>i>  i-iul;    i-mi  nhinrably  adapted  to  use  before  large  claues  ol 

matured  puplli.  ' 

From  PripfijBaor  J.  G.  Skpeln,  Principal  AlhnV  limv.-  Ilcjli  School,  WiBCoiiKiii: 

ti.nl  and  llioroiieh.     It  i»  a  work  uo  have  ioog  needed.     Let  no  one  look  upon  it  us  eimply  a  NKW  HOOK.     IT   IK 
A  NEW  WORK,  and  worthy  of  all  that  may  be  said  of  it." 

I-Voni  II.  C.  Spencer.  PreBideiit  Spencerian  BuBiiiees  Colle-e.  Washington.  U.  C: 

inetio  ynl  publUhwl.-^ 

From  S.  Bogardus,  PreBideiit  t^pringtield  Business  College,  Sprin^eld,  III.: 

"It  Iji  givlnir  gnat  ulUfuclion  lo  studonta  and  teachers.    The  esplanalion  and  rules  are  olear.  oonoise  i.nd 
pointed.    I  uui  glad  to  give  your  work  my  hearty  approval." 

From  G.  A.  Oaakell,  Principal  Jefsey  City  Buaineas  College,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.: 

'■Am  tiling  'Sadler'*  Count  ing-Hiiiise  Arithmetic'  in  my  •chools,  and  am  highly  pleased  with  it.     My  teachen 

From  A.  B.  Clark.  Principal  Bryant  & 

From  W.  A,  Frusier.  Principal  t'onin.n 

From  J.  M.  Martin  &  Bi-os..  Proprietm 
fblly  any  that  wo  have  beeu  able  to  uccomplish  i 


M  explanatio 

I'VoiiiC   w    M.ri.    ir |.:,]  r.ii-,iM^.i  College,  Battle  Creek.  Mich.: 

■  II  .win*  I..  1. 91  «ii»i  i>  n.-^t.M  in  Uuiineu  College  aud  Coimiingiwoms.    V 

with  It  na  a  TcM  Bwh.  Imt  tur  more  tvith  the  tupcrior  tmuIIs  wo  are  enabled  to  accompli 
iidnptloii  in  our  schools." 

From  C.  V.  Carliart.  Priiicipiil  Folsom'e  BuaineBs  College,  Albany,  N.  Y.: 
■■■KadlersCountlDK-lIouBo  Arithmetic'  content  ninro  rvul  pructioal  matter  than 


,>Ilfge.  Newark.  N.  J.; 


;  FOR  EXAMINATION  WILL  BE  S. 

Address  W.    H.    SADLER,    Publisher. 

N08.  6  and  8  N.  Charles  Striot,  Baltimore,  Md. 


&&u^^      TaXe^f®       ^«««;«*^ 


-   Phnta-Enqravinq  -?-° PhntD-Llthaqraphq. 


SPENCERIAN 


K?(GI.ISII 


•Ijrleol  wTilini 


I  wTilinff. 
br     iimTi 


BrvaJdtvay,  Ne 


STEEL  PENS. 


SkXMVVaW-^^^^'^^'^"^^^'^'**^^^^'^"*''^^^^^  ^'95LXW  0\WKt 


^ 


EETERBROQK'B 


pif  Series  of 

biCHnnL  PENS 

^^Ofi&^i^psuri  PSA/s  /A/  use    ^    ' 


PENMEN'S  and  ARTISTS'  SUPPLIES. 

On  receipt  of  the  prices  annexed,  we  will  for- 
waid  by  return  of  mall. 


icle  named  in  the  following  list. 


receiving  a  superior  article,  but  upon  doing 
BO  promptly. 
Ames'  Compendium  ot  Om'l  Penmanahip,  $4  50 


Black  Card  Board.  22x28,  too.-  while  Ink. . 

Black  Cavd9  per  100 

Black  Cards  per  thousand,  by  express  . . 

■What's  di-'ing-paper,  ho^presa,  ISxM.S    J 


Blank  Bristol  Board  Cards,  per  H 


Wlnsor&Newlon'ssuprsup.Ind.  ink,  stick 
Ornamental  Cards,  12  designs,  per  pack  of 


les'  Penmen 

mcerlan  No. 
J  New  Bpem 


Ink,  per  bottle,  by  express 

1  Pens,  per  gross 

}  I'avorUe  No.  1  per  gross, . 


,  extra  for  fiourishing 


Engi-ossing  Pens  for  lettering,  per  doz 

Ci-ow-QnlllPen,  very  fine,  for  di-awing,  doz 
>Villlams  &  Packard's  Qems 


Lettering., 
the  money, 
s  Manual.... 
very  superior... 


xpre: 


i^tittiatcd  cost.    No  orders,  for  mercliandise  or 
work,  upon  postal  curds  will  receive  attention. 
UANIKL  T.  AMKS, 

305  Broadway.  New  York. 


THE  NEW 

BRYANT  ft  STRATTON'S 

COMMON  SCHOOL  BOOK-EEEFING. 

Embracing  1 


adapted 


11. 


and  academ 


years  has  enjoyed  a  ^;l>  u infavot 

of  practical  cducntoifi  ih 1   -irnihir 

typographical  dreos  and   gi cully  mipruvcd   in 
appeaiuace. 

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Lesson  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  XVIII. 


By  D 


A  member  of  our  class  says :  "  I  am  teacli- 
iog  an  uDgraded  cuuatry  school,  aiid  have, 
practicing  writing,  pupils  of  all  ages — fruin 
light  to  eighteen  years.  Would  you  advise 
leavliiug  tiio  forearm  movement  to  all  my 
inijiils  f     If  not,  where  would  you  make  the 

Tiiis  (juestion  involves  a  difficulty  which 
!i;is  perplexed  alike  skilled  and  unskilled 
t.acliers  of  writiug,  and  so  much  depends 
u|ii.ii.the  different  circumstances  surround- 


)  that  we  feel  i 


1  giving 


III.'  jiropor  answer.    It  baa  heeu  oi 

ri  <     to  permit  the  finger    moveinei 

c-iin-     progress    hud     been     made    toward 

the   correct  positions  and  foriBatioii  of  the 

lelttrs,    as   too     much    upon    the    mind   is 

liable    to  confuse  and  dishearten  the  young 

beginner. 

The  proper  time  to  introduce  the  fore- 
arm and  combination  movemeut  must 
rest  uliictly  with  the  discretion  of  tbo 
io:icIier,  depending  upon  his  own  ability  to 
pruperiy  instruct  the  ability  of  his  pupil, 
and  the  amount  of  time  and  attention  that 
can  be  bestowed  upon  the  practice  of  the 
movement  and  writiug.  It  is  obvious  that 
a  teacher  who  does  not  himself  practice  or 
nuderstaud  the  muscular  movement,  cannot 
teach  it  at  any  stage  of  his  course,  and  this 
is  the  case  with  a  very  large  majority  of  our 
public-schoolteachers,  especially  in  the 
country,  as  we  know  from  observatiou. 

Wo  answer,  first,  that  every  teacher  who 
assumes  the  responsibility  of  conducting  the 
writiug  exercise  in  any  school  should  under- 
stand, and  be  able  to  practice,  the  forearm 


and  combination  movement,  and  should  be 
informed  respecting  the  best  methods  of 
imparting  a  knowledge  of  the  same  to  others. 

Second. — By  such  teachers  the  movement 
should  be  tauglit  early  in  t'le  course,  say  as 
soon  as  the  ]iupit  has  mastered  the  positions 
and  the  elementary  forms  of  writing,  and 
every  sub9e<[uent  writing  exercise  should  he 
introduce  with  a  drill  upon  movement  ex- 
ercise. We  regard  a  free,  disciplined  mus- 
cular movement  in  writing  ef)nal  in  im- 
portance with  form  — for  to  be  acceptable 
or  practicable  for  business  purposes,  writing 
must  be  executed  with  facility  as  well  as 
legibility. 

We  will  precede  the  present  lesson  with 
the  following 


lu  the  practice  it  should  be  borne  in  mind 
that  an  easy  and  rapid  gliding  over  the 
paper  is  not  all  that  is  necessary.  The 
hand  must  be  conimnndtd  in  every  motion, 
to  produce  an  exact  and  definite  rcsnlt. 
Random  and  thoughtless  lines  will  no  more 
train  the  hand  for  graceful  and  accurate 
writiug,  than  would  firing  into  the  air  train 
a  riHeman  for  expert  markmanahip. 

The  following  is  the  regular  copy  for 
practice : 


A  few  Suggestions  Respecting  the 
Practice  of  Writing. 

By  L.  W.  Hallett. 

Editors  of  the  Jouknal  :— The  Journal 
for  January,  just  received,  is  both  at- 
tractive and  interesting.  Its  new  head- 
ing, from  the  ^cilo  pens  of  Ames  and 
RoUinson,  is  a  beautiful  gem  of  pen  art.  The 
Journal  certainly  must  now  hold  rank 
among  the  most  useful,  us  it  is  the  most  at- 
tractive, art  and  educational  paper  published. 

As  I  peruse  its  columns  I  observe  that  its 
contributors  are  commercial  teachers,  or 
literary  writers  generally,  and  that  it  is  sel- 
dom that  an  itinerant  penman  contributes 
to  its  columns.  Having  been  myself  one  of 
that  class  for  some  nineteen  years,  with  your 
permission  I  would  bo  pleased  to  bear  wit- 
ness to  the  great  benefit  I  have  received 
from  a  careful  study  of  tiie  Journal,  prov- 
ing the  old  adage  true,  "  Never  too  old  to 

The  following  suggestions  are  the  result 
of  my  own  practice  and  observation  : 

First,  1  select  a  table  of  the  proper  height 
— as  persons  of  different  stature  require 
tables  of  difl'erent  height.  Next,  in  order, 
implements  and  stationery  adapted  to  my 
use.  For  paper,  I  select  Southworth  Mills, 
or  old  Berkshire — either  is  good.  For 
penholders,  the  oblique,  as  I  find  it  the  best 
for  my  nse  in  nice  shading.  For  pens,  I 
use  Gillott's  No.  I,  fur  all  practice  finding  it 
well  suited  to  my  touch,  and  il  enables  me 
to  produce  finer  and  smoother  hues.  Next, 
the  ink  osed  :  Arnold's  Fluid  aud  Waldken'a 


Japan,  mixiug  four   parts  Japan  and  one 
part  Fluid. 

Having  named  the  materials,  I  will  now 
present  my  plan  of  practice  in  its  order, 
taking  the  first  lesson  in  Ames's  course — the 
lateral  and  finger  umvement  combined. 
Second,  practicing  the  direct  oval  in  the 
hair-line  exorcise,  giving  the  hand  a  light 
touch.  Third,  direct  oval  in  the  continuous 
capital  0,  shading  the  first  downward  stroke, 
aud  practicing  this  until  I  had  perfect  con- 
trol of  the  fore-arm  movement  (No.  &). 
Then,  reversing  the  movement  by  prac- 
ticing the  reversed  oval  in  the  hair-line  ex- 
ercise, and  again  taking  up  the  reversed 
oval  form  aud  continuous  reversed  oval, 
shading  the  downward  right  curve.  After 
this,  1  have  taken  the  continuous  capital 
stem  as  presented  in  Ames's  course  of  lessons, 
and  giving  it  a  long  aud  careful  practice,  as 
it  forms  a  very  conspicuous  part  of  thirteen 
of  the  standard  capitals.  These  exercises, 
before  any  good  results  can  be  accomplished, 
must  be  carefully  practiced.  I  then  take  up 
the  small  letters  in  their  derivative  form, 
atudying  carefully  the  angles  and  the  upper 
and  lower  turns  in  each  letter  as  they  are 
presented  in  their  order.  Then,  taking  the 
capitals  in  their  derivative  form,  commencing 
with  the  four  direct  oval  letters,  0,  E,  D 
and  (7,  as  they  are  derived,  then  the  reversed 
oval  and  stem  letters  in  their  order,  prac- 
ticing also  words  in  small  letters  with  ditfi- 
cult  combinations,  and  capital  letters  with 
difficult  monograms.  I  have,  also,  in  my 
criticism,  found  it  very  beneficial  to  use  a 
magnifying  glass  as  a  means  of  discovering 
how  well  I  had  executed  each  form,  as  well 
as  for  examiuing  every  minute  point  in 
each  of  the  copies  practiced.  Permit 
me  to  say  that  I  owe  my  improvement 
very  largely  to  the  Penman's  Art 
Journal,  having  been  kindly  advised  to 
take  this  most  excellent  i)aper  by  Mr. 
G.  H.  Sliattuck,  general  agent  fur  the 
Spencerian  works  published  by  Messrs. 
Ivison,  Blakeiiian,  Taylor  &  Co.  I  com- 
mend it  to  all,  old  and  young,  teachers  or 
pupils;  in  short,  everybody  should  read  and 
siudy  the  Journal. 

I  subscribe  myself,  humbly, 

The  Knight  op  the  Quill. 

Explanation  of  Programme  "  B." 


WHOLE-ARM  MOVEMEXT. 
By  C.  H.  Peirce. 

5.  Combinations.  —  The  highest  point 
reached  in  the  work  of  this  programme  is 
found  in  the  execution  oi  continuous  and  dis- 
connected camhiniMioDs.  By  combinations  is 
meant  the  placing  together  of  two  or  more 
capital  letters,  usually  applied  to  proper 
names.  Good  taste  demauds  the  applica- 
tion of  either  one  or  both  kinds. 

A  continuous  combination  is  oniting  two 
or  more  capitals  without  lifting  the  pen  from 
the  paper. 

A  disconnected  combination  is  uniting  two 
or  more  capitals  by  lifting  the  pen  from  the 
paper  at  the  finish  of  each  letter. 

The  kind  of  combination  used  in  the  writ- 
ing of  any  proper   name    depends    entirely 


upon  the  letters  employed.  A  judidous  t^ 
lection  cannot  be  made  except  by  one  pfl>- 
fectly  familiar  with  all  the  forma  of  moT»> 
ment  and  variety  of  styles  of  capitals. 

Combinations  are  too  frequently  attempt 
ed  by  beginners,  and,  as  a  result,  we  find 
awkwardness  in  its  most  diversified  forms. 
If  advice  be  of  any  value,  let  the  rising  pert- 
man  look  well  to  his  laurels  and  not  mangle 
the  most  beautiful  productions  of  plain  work 
by  joining  capitals  ere  a  true  conception  of 
form   he  developed   in  letters  of  a  nogb 

I  would  not  discourage  any  one  mi^Mug 
an  attempt  to  produce  the  highest  order  of 
work,  but  1  certainly  must  offer  my  voioo 
against  any  encouragement  for  any  one  who 
has  not  practiced  systematically  the  work 
that  precedes.  When  we  accept  the  theory 
that  one  part  of  the  work  is  more  difficult 
than  another,  it  is  then  that  we  reoogniio 
an  order  of  simplicity.  The  conclusion,  then, 
is  easily  reached,  that  recognizing  this  order 
we  should  observe  it  with  a  firm  resolve  to 
be  thorough.  Under  the  old  code,  penmen 
were  found  as  an  oasis  in  the  desert.  Thii 
can  he  u^'cuLinted  for  in  but  one  way. 

A  lack  of  intelligent  practice  was  the  riile. 
Occasionally,  there  was  to  be  found  a  maa 
who,  iu  the  face  of  all  difficulties,  succeeded 
in  reaching  the  goal.  The  neio  code  is  en- 
tirely different.  Good  penmen  are  to  be 
found  everywhere,  notwithstanding  the 
change  in  standard.  Yet,  I  do  affirm  that, 
white  great  advancement  has  been  made, 
there  are  still  thousands  who  blindly  seek 
and  do  not  find  the  coveted  prize.  Scratch- 
ing and  scribbling  at  random  will  not,  as  a 
rule,  show  good  results.  Earnestness  with- 
out intelligence  is  of  but  little  avail.  So  my 
charge  cannot  he  too  strong,  aud  I  repeat— 
practice  intelligenily. 

G.  Black-board  Work.  —  As  this  comes 
directly  undfv  the  work  of  this  programme, 
I  cannot  well  omit  it  and  do  myaelf  justice, 
notwithstanding  Prof.  Hinman  has  ably 
handled  the  subject  under  "Black-board 
Hints"  in  Vol.  I.,  No.  2,  of  the  Journal. 

A  skillful  handling  of  crayon  is  a  teacher's 
best  passport.  Let  every  one  who  asiiires 
to  success  not  undervalue  the  very  thing  that 
will  gain  the  confidence  of  any  civilized  com- 
munity. 

To  become  etinal  in  every  respect  aa  a 
htnck-board  artist,  the  same  care  in  sys- 
tematic development  must  he  observed. 
Haphazard  practice  occasionally  will  not  lead 
to  encouraging  results.  You  must  stand 
firm  day  after  day  at  such  tiuie  as  may  be  set 
apart  for  it  and  with  an  eye  to  businesi, 
guided  by  a  teacher  or  good  judgment,  prac- 
tice with  a  nerve  indicative  of  success. 

Negative  suggestions: 

1.  Standing  on  both  feet  with  the  same 
heft;  letting  the  hand  wauder  from  the  face 
will  produce  only  ordinary  results. 

2.  Poor  material — meaning  hiack-board, 
crayon  and  eraser — should  not  be  used. 

3.  Holding  the  crayon  without  changing, 
only  occasionally,  will  produce  heavy  up- 
ward lines  which  do  not  accord  witli  good 

4.  Standing  sijuare  in  front  of  the  board  is 
an  exception,  not  the  rule. 


Sl  Writing  too  hi^li  or  too  low  should  not 
be  ■tl«mpted  by  b^ianen. 

€.  Writing  with  a  whole  piece  of  orajOD 
■  not  t>  e  bMt  way. 

7.  Sia'ading  too  far  from  thu  Ixmrrl  will 
defeat  e\erj  good  dcjiign. 

B.  The  size  of  work  jirodnml  is  a  cou-  | 
■iderat ion  worthy  of  mrtic*.  I 

McwTs.  Editors.— In  a  future  article  I  will  ' 
defiuo  at  length  m;  view*  on  this  point. 

Senatorial  Orators. 

David  Davis,  porliups  more  tliau  any 
other  Senator,  iudulgfs  in  inaaiiscript,  pre- 
pariDg  even  a  five-miuiitc  speech  with  great 
carp.  This  is  his  inflexible  rule,  and  has 
keen  siiiee  he  entered  public  life.  Afler  he 
delivers  his  speeches  or  rather  aficr  ho  reads 
thoui,  he  hands  his  manuscript  to  Mr. 
Murphy,  the  Senate  stenographer,  who 
■ends  it  t)  the  Government  Printing-oirice. 
The  compositors  never  have  any  anathemas 
for  the  judgc'8  writing,  which  is  large,  dis- 
tinct, and  full  of  character. 

Edmunds  never  uses  notes,  and  ooco  a 
cpecch  is  out  of  his  mouth,  he  doesn't  bother 
his  head  about  it.  During  all  the  years  ho 
&ns  been  in  the  Senate,  he  baa  not  revised 
•  single  speech.  Ho  turns  everything  In 
bis  mind  beforehand,  and  never  rises  to 
addro^  the  Senate  without 
having  weighed  in  the 
•calcs  of  his  great  mind 
what  he  intends  saying. 

Ben  Hill  will  speak  for 
three  hours withuutascrap 
of  paper.  The  only  pre- 
paration he  makes  is  mak- 


Senator  Conkling  seldom  makes  a  correc- 
tion of  hid  utterances  io  the  Senate  Chamber. 
He  is  perhaps  the  best  eitemporaneoua 
speaker  ia  the  United  States,  and  even  his 
remarks  iu  ruuniug  debate  are  splendid  in- 
dices of  great  ability.  DniiDg  the  extra 
session  of  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  lie  de- 
livered a  speech  upon  the  Army  Appropria- 
tion Bill  without  note,  papers,  book  or 
reference  of  any  kind.  When  the  Vice- 
Piesideot  announced  "  the  Senator  from 
New  York,"  up  rose  the  stiiiely  form  of 
Bo80(»e  Conkling^  Never  before  or  since 
had  a  Senator  such  an  audience.  He  spoke 
for  four  hours,  llefure  the  adjournment  of 
the  Senate  151', 'JOO  copies  of  his  speech  had 
been  subscribed  for.  Every  printing  estab- 
lishment in  Washington  sent  to  the  Senator 
its  lowest  estiinule.  In  a  very  short  time, 
Oyster,  one  of  the  best  living  typos,  and 
foreman  of  the  Congressional  Globe,  had 
the  proof  of  the  great  speech  ready.  He 
took  it  up  to  Wormley's  about  i>  o'clock  in 
the  morning  and  asked  for  Senator  Conk- 
ling. "He  ia  not  up  yet,"  said  the  private 
secretary;  "  the  Senator  breakfasts  about 
11;  however,  as  you  are  iu  a  hurry  and 
want  to  see  after  the  speech,  I  shall  call 
him."  "Tell  iMr.  Oyster  to  come  in— ah! 
how  do  you  do,  Mr.  Oyster?"  and  Lord 
Chesterfield  never  was  more  polite  than  was 


you.      See,    I'm    dividing    copy."      '*  Yes, 
Senator,  I  see  you're  ahead  of  me;   but  1 
went  home  only  six  hours  ago.  aed  shall  be    . 
liere  lor  sixteen  consecutive  hours."  "  Well,    ' 
I  know  ix's  hard  work.  Oyster.     I've  been    I 
at  it,  and  know  what  night-work  means." 

Voorhees  prepares  his  speeches  carefully   | 
and  revises  moderately.     He  is  oae  of  the    I 
few,  very  few,  men  who  use  manuscript  in 
such  a  way  that  not  a  single  oratorical  grace    j 
is  diminished  thereby.     Whether  this  is  be- 
cause he  commits  his  speech  well  to  memory 
or   not  we  never    could   toll.     We   rather 
think  he  does.     But,  with  or  without  man- 
uscript, Voorhees  is  an  orator  of  the  first 
school.     And,  as   a    rule,  the  very  sight   of 
uiauuscript   in   the  hands  of  a   speaker  is 
enough  to  nerve  one  for  a  bore.    Demosthenes 
was  rightwhen  he  said,  "  Oratory — delivery 
delivery — delivery  "  ;  and  delivery  is  killed 
by  manuscript. 

Jones,  of  Florida,  always  a  hard  student, 
labors  diligently  at  a  set  speech.  He  is 
passionately  fond  of  Edmund  Burke,  and 
kuows  his  works  as  we  never  knew  any 
other  to  know  them.  He  has  a  memory 
equal  to  Blaine's  or  Ben  Hill's,  and  time  and 
agaiu  have  we  heard  him  repeat  page  after 
page  of  Burke's  immortal  speeches.  It  is 
the  same  with  the  speeches  of  Philips, 
Grattan^  Curran,  and  O'Connell.  Jones  is  a 


Record.     I 
theory  abn 


anity. 


to    attack    Solomon's 
-Our  Second  Century. 


«Sgf»i 

I  have 

n  this  bool< 
seen  him 

or  that, 
inie  and 

again 
two  h 
ring  e 
water. 

thunder    a 

ours   withe 

yen   for  a 

He    rev 

way  for 
ut  stop- 

gl.88     of 

isM    his 

•pooches,  howeve 

■f  uiakca 

additions    and   con'octiuns 

in  a  clear  hand,  much  like 

that  of  a  college  hoy,  and 

gives    the    printers    little 

trouble    with    his    jtroof. 

Bill    has    an   astounding 

memory,  and  no  mau   iu 

pobUe    life,    except    Ed- 

oiunds,   has  such     imper- 
turbability. The  only  man 

who    eoold    well    worry 

Hill  or  excite   his  wrath 

in    debate    was   the    lato 

Matt  Carpenter.     How  it 

tickled  Carpenter  to  pu*. 

some  adroit  ([uestiou  at  the    ,  ^  *'  orii/ina 

Georgian  and  ;,'et  him  con-  tnitn 

fused  ! — a  hard  thing  to  do    j 

«t  any  time,  but  Carpenter  "  ^ 

wncn  succeeded.  And  it  was  more  the  re- 
mit of  an  irresistible  propensity  for  fun  than 
•uything  else,  for  never  was  man  who  had 
\os%  malice  than  Matt  Carpenter. 

Another  Senator  who,  like  Edmunds, 
aever  revised  a  speech,  was  Thurmau.  Oc- 
casionally he  spoke  from  manuscript,  but 
Ihe  stenographer  took  down  every  word  he 
•aid,  as  the  old  gentleman  forgot  his  manu- 
(fiript  and  drifted  into  extemporary  elo- 
quence. Thurrniin,  though  never  a  grace- 
ful spealter,  w;is  always  forcible.  He  was, 
keyoud  all  doubt,  the  ablest  of  the  Demo- 
#rata,  and  their  leader  from  the  time  he 
entered  the  Senate. 

Bayard  workg  hard  at  his  speeches,  and 
Aough  he  writes  them  out  and  follows  his 
uanuscript  closely,  he  revises  after  proof  is 
taken.  He  makes  few  changes,  however, 
kut  holds  the  proof  very  often  iinlU  2  o'clock 
iQ  the  morning,  as  he  spends  his  evenings 
generally  iu  social  circles.     lie   is  a  good 


whtck    the    abort  cut    loaii    pliolo  en  fT 
rntal  penmanship    under  the 
Delaicare    Ohio 


^ae 


WIS  executed  by  D  Grifhtha  afUr  a  roune  of  eu/ht 
■n  of  J  R  iliehuel  at  hit  Inttilute  of  Penmanthip 
)/  the  or^tnal,  11x14 


Conkling  in  his  nightshul.  After  rubbing 
his  eyes  he  looked  at  the  proof,  made  a  few 
changes  and  struck  out  the  "Hon."  before 
"Roscoe  Conkling."  You  will  never  find 
it  prefixed  to  his  name  in  any  speech  intend- 
ed for  general  distributiou.  After  he  re- 
ceived the  speech,  he  wrote  his  thanks  very 
kindly  to  Foreman  Oyster,  as  follows; 

U.XITKD  States  .Skxate  Oiiaudkr,  \ 


May  7 


may  know  you  better  id  future.    CordiaUy  yoitre, 
E,  W.  Or&TSR,  Esu,  KoscoR  Conkling. 

The  present  Secretary  of  State,  when  a 
member  of  the  Senate,  used  to  look  carefully 
after  his  speeches,  which,  for  the  umst  part, 
were  made  from  "headings."  Probably 
there  never  was  in  the  United  States  Senate 
a  man  who  needed  less  preparation  than 
James  G.  Blaine.  He  is  infallible  in  his- 
tory, impregnable  in  debate.  Ilis  memory 
feuinan,  ^vritiag  a  medium-sized  running  I  of  fects  aud  faces  is  absolutely  wonderful. 
^nd.  I  He  can  begin  with  William  the  Conqueror, 

Lamar  is  a  great  reviser,  cuts  proof  into  !  and  give  you  the  name  of  every  sovereign 
wtter8,^MTites  a  horrible  hand,  and  tries  the  i  of  England  down  to  Victoria,  with  the  dates 
primer.       Occasionally  he   goes  |  of  their  reigns.     Now  and  then  the  Senator 
iie  Government  Printing-office  to  ,  would  give  his  personal  attentiou  to  a  print- 
look  ^after  his  speeches,  which,  wheu  pub-  i  ing  of  a  speech.     One  morning  Oyster  found 
,  ,^„y  diff^rpu,  f^y^j  jjj^  jj^gy^j_  .  j^.^  ^ygjjy  ^^  ^^^^  "cutting  up  copy"  for 
the  printers.     "  Hello,  Oyster,  I'm  ahead  of 


oul  of  , 


Kshed, 

grapher's  report  of  thci 


very  able  man.     His  Democracy  is 
but  out  of  politics  he  is  one  of  the  best  fel- 
lows the  worid  over. 

Davis,  of  West  Virginia,  though  an  old 
member  of  the  Senate,  has  made  but  one 
speech — on  agriculture.     It  was  printed  cx- 

left  to  the  tender  merciesof  the  stenographer. 
Beck,  Davis's  colleague  on  the  Committee 
of  Appropriations,  is  the  most  rapid  talker 
in  either  House  of  Congress.  Well  for  him 
that  the  Senate  has  such  a  stenographer  as 
Denis  Murphy,  whose  pen  travels  over 
paper  like  lightning.  We  doubt  if  his 
equal  be  found  anywhere.  Beck  ia  an  un- 
tiring worker,  has  the  constitution  of  a 
Kentucky  race-horse,  and  no  amount  of 
labor  ia  too  heavy  for  him.  He  is  not  much 
of  a  reviser — going  on  the  principles  of  Pon- 
tius Pilate — quod  scripsi,  scripsi.  He  is  aa 
blunt  as  Joey  Bagstock,  and  as  good-natured 
as  Mark  Tapley.  As  there  are  "  no  leaves 
to  print"  in  the  Senate  no  Senator  can  pub- 
lish a  speech  without  having  at  least  read  it 
from  manuscript.  The  first  page  of  the 
Daily  Record  is  quite  a  desideratum  as  the 
place  to  air  the  title  of  a  speech,  and  many 
a  grave  Senator  who  would  willingly  sit  at 
the  end  of  McGregor's  table  is  loath  to  have 
his   speech    hidden    in    the    middle    of    the 


How  to  make  Invisible  Ink. 

Dilute  a  strong  aqueous  solution  of  pure 
chloride  of  cobalt  witli  water  uutil,  when 
written,  the  characters  are  invisible  after 
drying  at  ordinary  temperature.  Heat  will 
develop  a  dark  blue  or  purple  color.  Use 
clean  pen,  and  a  slieet  of  blotting-paper.— 
Universal  Penman.     . 

Age  of  the  Planets. 

One  of  Proctor's  moat  interesting  lectures 
treats  of  astronomical  titue  and  the  ages  of 
the  planets,  commencing  with  the  earth. 
From  the  different  geological  features  of  the 
earth's  surface,  it  has  been  computed  that 
the  fonnation  of  its  crust  must  have  alone 
occupied  100,000,000  years.  Such  is  the 
estimate  formed  by  Crowe  and  accepted  by 
Sir  Charles  Lyell.  From  the  investigations 
of  various  physicists,  and  experiments  by 
Bischoff,  it  15  found  that  .'150,000,000  years 
must  have  elapsed  while  the  earth  was 
cooling  from  2,000  to  200  degrees  of  tem- 
perature. Prior  to  this  again,  the  earth  ex- 
isted for  a  long  period  in  a  nebulous  condi- 
tion. The  earth  may,  therefore,  be  fairly 
assumed  to  be  .'lOCOOOjOOO  years  old— and 
_  this  is  considered  as  erriug 
10  the  side  of  deficiency 
rather  than  to  excess. 
Comparing  this  planet 
with  Jupiter,  cm  the  prin- 
ciple that  the  larger  a 
body  is  the  longer  must 
be  its  time  of  cooling,  it  is 
e-alculatcd  that  it  will  be 
:J,500, 000,000  years  before 
Jupiter  reaches  the  stage 
OUT  planet  has  now  at- 
tained. Ten  times  as  long 
a  period  must  pass  before 
the  Bun  arrives  at  a  similar 
condition.  The  moon  was 
in  this  relative  period  of 
her  existence  420,000,000 
years  ago.  If  any  planet 
is  of  nearly  the  same  age 
as  the  earth  it  ia  Venus. 
Mars  is  older.  Mercury 
is  older  still;  the  moon, 
the  oldest  of  all.  The  fea- 
tures of  Vemia  moat  neariy 
resemble  th  ose  of  the  earth . 
Mars  is  about  equally  di- 
vided into  land  and  water, 
and  must  have  an  atmos- 
phere. The  moon  pictures 
the  earth's  future  condi- 
tion. It  is  a  dead  world. 
It  has  neither  water, 
clouds,  nor  atmosphere. 
But  as  the  earth  is  eighty- 
tban  its  satellite,  while  it 
■s  as  much  surface,  about 
[uired  for  it 
ho  moou's  present  condit'on. 
this  theory  we  greatly  reducfl 
the  number  of  planets  on  which  life  is  pos- 
sible. In  our  solar  system  we  have  only 
the  earth,  possibly  Venus,  and,  it  may  be, 
some  of  the  aa'tellites. — Student's  Journal 

Writing  with  Lemon-juice. 

Father  John  Gerard,  of  ilie  Society  of 
Jesua,  who  was  confined  and  cruelly  tortured 
in  the  Tower  of  London  at  the  end  of  Queen 
Elizabeth's  reign,  was  in  the  habit  of  writing 
letters  in  orange  or  lemon  juice  to  his 
friends.  The  manner  in  which  ho  thus  baf- 
Hed  the  vigilance  of  his  jailers  is  described 
io  detail  in  his  highly  interesting  autobiog- 
raphy, published  a  few  years  ago  by  the 
Rev.  Father  John  Morris.     Father  Gerard 

"  Now  lemon-juice  has  this  property,  that 
what  is  written  in  it  can  be  read  in  water 
quite  as  well  as  by  fire,  and  when  the  paper 
is  dried  the  writing  disappears  again  till  it  is 
steeped  afresh,  or  again  held  to  the  fire. 
But  anything  written  with  orange-juice  is  at 
once  washed  out  by  water  and  cannot  be 
read  at  all  in  that  way;  and  if  hoU  to   the 


has  thirteen 
2,500,000,000  years  will   be 


'JiitLS 


ii'  ,  though  the  characters  are  thus  made 
■■'  ^pjtear,  they  will  not  disappear  ;  so  that 
I  i-'tter  of  this  sort,  once  read,  can  never  be 
Ulivered  to  any  one  its  if  it  had  not  been 
...I.  Thi>  party  will  see  at  one*  that  it  has 
l>i;t:i]  read,  and  will  certainly  refuse  and  d'n- 
uwQ  it  ifit  should  contain  anything  danger- 
One  result  of  Father  Gerard's  orauge- 
juicc  correspondence  was  that,  with  the  aid 
<if  zealous  friends  outside,  he  e0ected  his  es- 
caiii-  frotn  the  Tower  in  1597.  The  lust  tee 
ye«rs  of  his  life  were  spent  in  the  Eugliah 
College  at  Rome,  where  he  closed  a  long, 
anliious,  and  meritorious  career  on  July 
•-'7.1(i30,  aged  seventy- three.— ^A*  Budget. 


Kducational  Notes. 


[Cninmuiiieutions  for  this  Department  may 
be  addresacd  ?o  B.  F.  Kki.lkv.205  Broadway, 
items  solicited.] 


Nhw  Y.>rk.     lirit,f  educ. 


A  eompulsorj- education  Inwhas  been  pro- 
posed for  Iowa. 

Nebraska  has  apportioned  $189,38070 
Hmong  her  public  schools. 

Washington  University,  at  St.  Louis,  bas 
1,285  students  and  80  professors. 

Boston  University  has  como  into  posses- 
sion of  tlie  Rice  estate,  valued  at  $2,000,000. 
Coluuibiii  College  was  called  King's  Col- 
lege till  the  close  of  the  war  for  independence, 
when  it  received  the  nauie  of  Columbia. 

Several  students  of  Brown  University 
have  bceu  expelled  for  getting  uji  inock 
programmes  of  the  Junior  Exhibition. — 
'Jlie  Occident. 

Miss  H.  Carter,  a  teacher  among  the  Chi- 
nese iu  Boston,  writes  :  "  It  is  not  unusual 
to  tiud  a  man  who  learns  the  alpliabet  and  a 
few  words  iu  a  single  lesson." 

Amherst  College  is  to  receive,  from  the 
estate  of  the  late  Joel  Giles,  a  Boston  law- 
yer, and  a  metnber  of  the  Class  of  1825,  a 
bequest,  of  S.-iOU.OOOfiir  its  library.  — Ifcif- 
em  Educational  Journal. 

The  young  lady-studcuts  at  the  Presby- 
terian College  in  Ottawa,  Can.,  learned  a  few 
ilays  ago  that  a  poor  woman,  who  obtained 
a  living  for  herself  and  children  by  washing, 
was  laid  up  by  sickness,  and  the  nest  morn- 
ing tlipy  went  to  her  house,  did  the  washing 
and  ironing  for  her,  and  sent  the  clothes 
home. 

The  Penusylvauia  Legislature  last  year 
passed  this  law:  That  the  School  Directors 
are  required  to  allow  the  teachers  who  are 
iiotrially  engaged  in  teaching  school  the 
time  and  wages  whilst  attending  and  partici- 
pating iu  the  exercises  of  the  annual  County 
lustitutes  for  the  improveuient  of  teachers. 
—IV.  Y.  School  Journal. 

Four  students  at  Waconsta,  Wis.,  stole  a 
F  faruier's  gate.  TJie  college  faculty  cou- 
H.Muned  them  to  expulsion  or  tlie  alternative 
"f  whatever  punishment  the  farmer  might 
nitli.!t.  He  sentenced  them  to  chop  four 
'  'Ilia  of  his  own  wood  and  deliver  it  to  a 

I '*  «idow.     They  did  it  to  the  music  of  a 

I '  in.l  and  the  plaudits  of  a  crowd  that  watched 
ti"  "peration.— iVoir*  iJame  Scholastic. 

A  conference  oftho  public  school  managers 
"t  ilie  German  Swiss  cantons,  held  lately, 
Niiiiiiiiuously  resolved  to  substitute,  in  the 
ti;.rliing  of  writing,  Italian  for  German 
'  liaractcrs.  This  resolution  is  based  on  the 
- 1  'iind  that,  while  the  Italian  characters  are 
"■■•■,1  by  the  great  majority  of  civilized  cimn- 
tiiis,  lUey  are  less  trying  to  the  eyes  than 
r.vruMin  eluiractere,  tlie  use  of  which  is  ac- 
'..liutable  for  much  of  the  myopia  which 
pKvails  both  iu  the  schools  of  Germany  and 
Switzerland. 

The  State  of  New  York  expended 
$9,()75,!I92  last  year  upon  her  public  schools 
— a  larger  amount  than  any  other  SUite. 
Illinois  follows  her  on  the  list  mth 
$t),735,478 ;  then  comes  Pennsylvania  with 
$",04G,1  U>.  The  smallest  Sum  expended— 
-,  M.iii — was  that  provided  by  Wyoming. 
^  York  has  ;i8ti,225  illiterates  out  of  a 
;Hii;vtifti  of  5,082.871  :  andMassarhnsetts 


168,615  out  of  a  populalioD  of  1,78:J,085. 
Georgia  is  the  State  suffering  most  from 
illiteracy.  It  has  a  population  of  1,542,180, 
and  of  this  number  967,099  persons  either 
cannot  read  or  cannot  write. — N.  T.  Tribune. 

Kducational  Pakcies. 
"  There's  snob  a  thing  as  siuuiu*, 
In  ov^r  loadin'  children's  underpinnin." 
An  indication  of   spring  —  a    schoolboy 
putting  a  bent  pin  in  his  teacher's  chair. 

It  is  to  be  presumed  that  the  man  who 
plays  the  cornet  was  educated  a 


The  Springfield  Republican  says  that  a 
non-resident  professor  is  a  man  who  takes 
up  more  room  in  the  catalogue  than  he  does 
in  the  college. 

What  swindlers  there  are  in  the  world ! 
In  this  State  an  institution,  which  claims  to 
fit  young  men  for  the  ministry,  doesn't  own 
a  single  croquet  set. 

It  will  save  a  good  bit  of  time  if  the  Pho- 
netic Reformers  will,  drop  the  last  letter  in 
the  word  damn,  and  then  let  it  stand  for 
"goodness  gracious." — Modern  Argo. 

A  young  man  who  was  presented  with 
eleveu  Queen  Anne  penwipers  on  Cljrist- 
mas  by  his  lady  frieuds,  coulinucs  t<.i  wipe  liig 
pen  on  his  coat-tail. — Norristown  Herald. 

An  exchange  speaks  of  "a  male  train." 
The  sex  of  trains  has  always  been  a  matter 
of  some  doubt;  but  a  train  should  not  be 
called  a  male  because  it  smokes  and 
"  choos." 

Lesson  in  Logic.  Prof. — "  What  would 
you  say  of  the  argument  represented  by  a 
cat  chasing  her  tail?"  Student. — "She  is 
feline  her  way  to  a  cat-egorical  conclusion." 
Applause. — Ex. 


ouses  it  is  always  deemed 
best  to  be  cautious  in  crossing  the  "t's" 
and  dotting  the  "  i's,"  but  in  broken  banks 
the  defaulting  cashier's  chief  thought  is  to 
cross  the  "  c'a."—TJte  Score. 

"Pray,  Mr.  Lecturer,"  asked  a  lady, 
"  what  is  a  paraphrasis  f  "  "  Madam,  it  is 
simply  a  circumlocutory  and  pleonastic  cycle 
of  oratorical  sonorusity,  circumscribing  an 
atoip  of  ideality,  lost  in  verbal  profundity." 
"  Tbank  you,  sir." 

A  schoolteacher,  discharged  for  using  the 
rod  too  freely,  applied  for  employment  in  a 
dressmaker's  establishment.  "  Have  you 
had  any  experience  in  sewing  ?  "  asked  the 
dressmaker.  "No," was  the  reply;  *'but  I 
have  a  thorough  knowledge  of  basting." — 
Teachers^  Guide. 

The  senior  class  in  a  Western  High 
school  was  asked  by  the  stylish  young  pro- 
fessor to  define  "compressibility."  There 
was  some  hesitation,  but  soon  a  young  lady 
who  knew  whereof  she  spake,  answered : 
"  Compressibility  is  that  property  of  matter 
which  renders  it  capable  of  being  squeezed.', 

An  undergraduate  under  examination  at 
Dublin,  was  missing  question  after  question. 
At  last  the  examiner  got  irritated,  and  said  : 
' '  I  declare  I've  a  dog  at  home  that  could 
answer  the  questions  that  have  been  given 
to  you."  "  Have  you,  really,  sir  f  "  said  the 
undergraduate  blandly.  "  May  I  ask  if  you 
would  sell  him  *  " 


About  the  Convention. 

O^re  of  the  f'remlciit  of  the  Buslntta  Educators' 

Milwaukee.  Jan.  13ih,  isea. 

Editors  Penman's  Art  Journal:— For 
the  purpose  of  giving  tangible  form  to  a 
suggestion  which  I  made  through  your  paper 
relative  to  the  proposed  Penmen's  Conven- 
tion, I  now  beg  leave  through  your  columns 
to  extend  to  the  penmen  of  America  a  cordial 
invitation  to  meet  in  Cincinnati,  Tuesday, 
June  6,  1882,  jointly  with  »nd  as  a  division 
of  the  Business  Educators'  Association  of 
America,  which  will  convene  at  the  same 
place  and  time. 

Richard  Nelson,  Cincinnati,  and  A.  D. 
Wilt,  Dayton,  Ohio,  Executive  Committee  of 


this  Association,  will  lend  their  aid  in  fur- 
therance of  this  object. 

■(  hereby  request  S.  S.  Packard,  New  York 
City,  to  name  a  committee  of  three  repre- 
sentative penmen  to  act  as  a  committee  of 
arrangements  for  the  Penmen's  Convention, 
to  meet  as  above,  or  as  they  may  deem  best, 
and  to  notify  said  committee  of  their  ap- 
pointment and  duties. 

I  take  the  initiative  step  in  this  move- 
ment, iu  which  I  am  int«rested,  and  venture 
to  direct  it  toward  the  proposed  close  rela- 
tionship with  the  Business  Educators'  Asso- 
ciation, because  it  seems  Ut  me  that  Jrom 
every  point  of  view  it  will  prove  to  be  the 
best  for  all  concerned. 

But  should  experience  decide  otherwise, 
we  can  govern  ourselves  accordingly  in  our 
future  actions  on  this  subject. 

So  intimately  are  the  penmen  and  business 
educators  of  the  country  connected,  profes- 
sionally and  financially,  that  in  many  cases 
they  have  no  separate  existence,  and  such 
will  probably  continue  to  be  the  fact.  They 
are  Siamese  twins,  so  to  speak,  and,  to  a  cer- 
tain extent,  cannot  be  for  separated  without 
violence. 

The  pen  is  the  power  that  made  business 
education  possible,  and  it  is  the  instrument 
which  upholds  it.  Tins  creation  of  the  pen 
honors  its  parentage,  and  will  do  so  through 
all  time.  But  in  doing  this  it  need  not 
shrink  back  into  the  instrument  which  gave 
it  birth,  but  rather  expand  into  their  grand 
proportions  which  the  conditious  of  modem 
life  so  favor,  and  the  currentofhumanaflairs 
seems  to  demand,  carrying  with  iton  its  right 
hand,  in  the  affections  of  its  heart,  and  iu  its 
active  brain,  and  on  the  sweep  of  its  restless 
and  grand  enterprises,  that  of  which  it  was 
born,  and  without  which  it  would  perish — 
the  pen. 

Witli  this  feeling  toward  the  profesMon  of 
which  I  have  been  a  humble  member,  and 
for  which  I  have  a  high  and  tender  regard, 
I  ofEcially  invite  alh  penmen  to  meei  ■with 
us  in  Cincinnati  at  the  date  above  named, 
and,  so  far  as  I  can,  will  use  my  endeavors  to 
ion  and  its  represent^- 
coguitinn  on  that  occa- 
This  I  feel  bound  to 
do  as  a  public  duty  and  from  that  tenderness 
of  heart  which  I  experience  in  this  matter, 
because  I  am  the  son  of  a  father  who  loved 
and  honored  the  pen  and  all  penmen  who 
used  it  well  and  nobly.  Yours  fraternally, 
Robert  C.  Spencek, 

Pm.  B.  E.  A.  of  A. 


are  to  the  profes 
;s  appropriate  i 
1  and  at  all  time: 


Our  opinions  respecting  the  importance 
of  holdiug  a  penmen's  convention  are  well 
known  to  the  readers  of  the  Journal. 

We  believe  that  the  penmen  of  this  coun- 
try should  meet  during  the  year  1882  iu  a 
convention.  "Whenf"  "Whore?"  or 
"  How  ?  "  are  the  questions. 

Above  is  an  earnest  appeal  and  invitation 
to  the  penmen,  from  Robert  C.  Spencer, 
Presidect  of  the  "Business  Educators' As- 
sociation," to  meet  with  that  body  in  con- 
vention, on  June  6th,  at  Cincinnati,  The 
acceptance  of  which  invitation  we  are  dis- 
posed to  advocate  for  reasons,  as  follows : 

First.  Its  President  has  ever  been  recog- 
nized, not  only  as  a  skillful  penman  him- 
self, but  a  friend  and  associate  of  penmen. 
He  is,  by  taste,  experience,  and  occupation, 
chfsely  allied  with  them,  and,  above  all,  he 
is  an  open-hearted,  frank  and  honest  man, 
and  therefore  his  jiroposition  may  be  ac- 
cepted with  the  fullest  assurance  that  so 
far  as  it  is  possible  with  him,  penmen  and 
penmanship  will  receive  all  due  considera- 
tion in  the  convention  over  which  he  will 
preside. 

-  Second.  It  is  a  fact  which  we  have  often 
argued  that  a  large  proportion  of  the  pen- 
men of  the  country  are  engaged  either  as 
proprietors  or  teacliei's  in  business  colleges, 
and  would,  therefore,  be  equally  interested 
in  both  a  penmen's  and  the  business  educa- 
tors' convention. 

Third.  Many  peumen  who  are  not  now 
identified  with  business  colleges  are  liable, 
if  not  now  actually  seeking,  to  become  so ;  I 


to  such,  the  acquaintance  and  experience  lo 
be  derived  in  a  combined  (invention,  would 
bo  of  the  greatest  advantage. 

Fourth.  It  is  an  open  question  that  if  the 
penmen  outside  of  and  disconnected  from 
the  business  colleges  could  organize  and 
maintain  a  separate  association,  and  should 
they  assemble  with  the  convention  at  Cin- 
ciunati,  they  will  have  tlie  advantage  of  the 
experience  to  be  there  ncqiured,  and,  should 
it  prove  unsatisfactory,  they  will  have  haz- 
arded nothing  of  their  opportunity  for  a 
separate  organization.  In  fact,  if  found  de- 
sirable, such  an  association  might  then  and 
there  be  effected. 

Fifth.  The  committee  of  three  represen- 
tative penmen  (which,  we  understand,  Prof. 
Packard  will  name,  as  per  the  request  of 
President  Spencer)  to  co-operate  as  a  com- 
mittee of  arrangements  with  the  executive 
couuniitee  of  the  Association,  will  secure  a 
liberal  representation  of  penmanship  upon 
the  programme  of  the  convention. 

These  reasons,  iu  our  judgment,  should 
be  suJlicieut  to  induce  tlie  penmen  of  this 
country  to  enter  at  once  into  hearty  accord, 
and  to  make  an  earnest  effort  to  so  display 
the  beauty  and  utility  (»f  their  art  as  to  do 
honor  to  themselves  and  their  profession. 

In  this  connoi-tion  we  would  invite  tho 
attention  of  every  reader  to  an  article,  in 
another  column,  respecting  the  value  of  a 
convention  to  penmeu,  by  Prof.  Thos.  E. 
HUl,  of  Chicago.  We  also  hope  to  an- 
nounce, in  this  issue,  the  names  of  the  com- 
mittee of  penmen  selected  by  Prof.  Packard. 

We  sincerely  hope  that  every  person  in 
any  way  interested,  not  alone  in  penman- 
ship, but  in  any  department  of  education 
which  will  have  consideration  in  the  con- 
vention, either  as  authors  or  teachers,  will 
resolve  to  be  present  and  contribute  to  the 
best  of  theh:  ability  to  render  tho  convention 

S.  S.  Packard's  Report  on 
Committee. 

Editors  n/ Journal:— President  Spen- 
cer of  the  Business  Educators'  Association, 
placed  upon  ine  the  difficult,  and  not  wholly 
congenial,  task  of  naming  a  committee  to 
act  on  behalf  of  the  Penmen's  Convention, 
which  he  recommends  to  be  held  in  Cincin- 
nati, concurrently  with  that  of  the  Business 
Educators'  Association. 

There  is  no  reason  why  I  should  have  been 
assigned  this  duty,  except  that  Mr.  Spencer 
knew  that  I  would  discharge  it.  He  knows, 
also,  that  I  will  do  anything  in  my  power 
to  make  the  convention  at  Cincinnati  a  suc- 
cess in  the  largest  sense— even  if  it  be  to 
stay  away  myself,  which  I  shall  not  do,  un- 
less I  am  assured  that  it  is  best. 

I  desire,  especially,  that  if  tho  Penmen's 
Couveution  is" held,  it  shall  be  a  "Penmen's 
Couvcutiou,*'  in  all  tliat  the  words  imply; 
and  tliat  if,  iu  the  opinion  of  the  penmen 
themselves,  its  jiurjioses  and  interests  can- 
not be  couserved  in  connection  with  the 
other  convention,  it  shall  orgauise  an  entire- 
ly separate  meeting. 

And  I  am  not  sure  but  that  would  be 
best  under  any  circumstances.  However, 
I  have  taken  pains  in  namiug  the  conmiitlee 
to  guard  against  failure  from  not  under- 
Btandiug  the  ground.  My  first  thought  was 
that  persons  should  be  named  who  had  no 
connection  with  business  colleges,  and  I  did 
correspond  with  such  parties,  but  without 
attaining  results.  I  concluded  next  to  select 
persons  who  represent,  in  the  best  sense, 
penmanship,  not  only  in  practical  and  orna- 
mental work,  but  in  methods  of  instruction, 
and  who  have  the  tJict  and  energy  to  bring 
penmen  together. 

I  have  accordingly  nominated  for  such 
committee,  Mr.  D.  T.  Ames,  of  New  York, 
Editor  of  tho  Penman's  Ajit  Journal; 
Mr.  A.  H.  Hiuman,  of  Worcester,  Mass., 
and  Mr.  N.  R.  Luce,  ..f  Union  City,  Pa.; 
and  I  am  sure  the  claims  whicli  these 
gentlemeu  have  upou  the  consideration  and 
confidence  of  the  penmeu  of  this  country 
will  secure  the  best  possible  results  as  to 
itself.  Very  sincerely  youra, 
S.  S.  Packard. 


.  3(:,  18rt2. 


Intimate  Relation  of  Writing  and  |  of  special  teachera  of  pcoinaiiship  iu  all  the 
priucipitl  cities  of  the  Uuited  States,  and 
thns  provide  good  piiying  positions  for  those 
who  are  waiting  aud  worthy  to  fill  them. 

The  intercliRQgo  of  opiuious  and  the  cUsh 
of  ideas,  inevitahlj  iiriBin;;  from  the  meet- 
ing of  80  iimuy  experienced  teachers,  will 
certainly  be  of  inailcatHble  value   to  all. 
But  we  should  bear  iu  tniad  that,  as  indi- 
viduals, we  cannot,  to  the  exclusion  of  all 
others,  saddle  our  wluintt  or  hobbies  on  the 
cuDvention;    nor  can  we  afford  to  tolerate 
the  too  frequent  imposition  of  allowing  one 
person,  for  the  purpoi^e  of  promoting   his 
personal  intcrestfi,  to   monopolise  the  time 
and  attentirm   of  Xhv   members.    This  ob- 
servation  may  seem   premature,  but  whon 
we  refleel  upon  how  adroitly  some  shrewd 
financiering  penmuii  have  nmnipulated  the 
wires  in  times  paat,  we  may  be  pardoned  for 
sounding  that  trite  note  of  waraiug  for  the 
benefit  of  the  tricksters — a  "fair  field  and 
no  favor."     If  I  can  meet  a  brother  teacher 
iiau    I — and  I    have 
my  time  —I  want  to 
plete  fund  of  iaforma- 
'.w  and  useful  that  he 
0  J  and  r  know  of  no  way  to  do 
ffectually  than  by  attending   a 
jnveuiion.     We  are  in  need  of 
il   iiud  fraternal   advice.      The 
mbers  of  the  profession,  espe- 
cially, should  enter  into  the  spirit  of  the 
undertaking  with  enthusiasm.     To  them,  in 
particular,  it  will  be   of   the  moat  lasting 
benefit.     Such   a   convention,   if   properly 


Business. 
Union  City,  Vn.,  . 
Prop.  S.  S.  Packaki*. 

fl»r»  Broadway,  New  York. 
Dear  Sir  :— Your  favor  of  the  24th  inal. 
in  at  hand  with  "proof-letter"  of  R.  C. 
Spcnoer  inclosed,  and  your  request  for  me 
to  serve  as  a  member  on  committee  of  ar- 
rnogemoutsfor  a  joint  ecssion  of  the  penmen 
and  accountants  of  America  as  a  Business 
EducntoFS*  Associaliou. 

It  has  always  been  a  fact  patent  to  my 
mind  Ihnt  penmanship  and  the  science  of  ac- 
counts arc  one  and  inseparable,  and,  too, 
in  their  highest  fonns. 

Business  records  without  the  pen  are  as 
subjects  for  the  sculptor  without  the  marble 
and  chisel.  Penmanship  without  records 
arc  the  marble  and  chisel  without  a  subject. 
TIio  one  dependent  on  the  other. 

Art  in  its  higher  forms,  and  accounts  in 
their  perfection,  are  thus  very  intimately  as- 
sociated. Much  in  pcu-art,  ua  also  iu  the 
science  of  accounts  and  mallicmatice,  may 
rise  above  the  ordinary  plodding  business 
man,  but  that  pleads  no  oxcnso  or  reason 
why  each  of  these  in  their  perfection  should 
not  he  the  staridurd  aimed  at.  An  arrow 
projected  toward  tlic  eiiu  at  the  zenith  will 
rise  higher,  although  it  may  not  reach  it, 
than  if  let  fly  in  any  other  direction.  A 
mutual  session,  where  tlio  interests  of  each 
may  ho  legitimately  brought  out,  cannot  ho 
otiiorwise  than  of  the  greatest  heoefit  to  all 
the  colleges,  teachers,  scholars  and  busi 
men  of  the  United  Mutes. 
When  this  educational 
movement  originated,  it 
wiis  evidently  largely  the 
work  of  leading  penmen, 
in  the  intere.'«l  of  penmiin- 
ship,  as  the  devoted  dis- 
eiplcs  of  our  honored  and 
hiiiiciitcd  "  father  of  good 
p.-.iiH;n,.l.ip,"  mimeU,  P. 
It.  S)icu('cr,  Sr.,aud every 
c<.nveiilion  i.ught  to  give 
reasonable  space  and  time 
to  the  art  that  made  a 
business  education  possi- 
ble, or  that  gave  it  birth. 
If  my  hnmblo  services 
may  he  of  any  practicable 
use  to  the  interests  indi- 
cated in  Prof.  Spencer's 
tetter,  as  a  member  of  tho 
committee  you  name,  you 
are  at  liberty  to  use  it.  Awaiting  advice 
and  such  hints  as  may  enable  me  to  perform 
my  duty  intelligently  and  sutisfkctorily  to 
hU  concerned,  I  am,  yours  truly, 

N.  R.  Luce. 


who  knows  more 
met  several  such 
add  to  my  own  inci 
tion,  all  which  is  i 


sage 
youugci 


Having  been  an  attendant,  and  seen  the 
workings  of  the  two  last  o-ouveotions,  I  am 
clearly  of  the  opinion  that  in  a  three  days' 
meeting  of  commercial  teachers,  it  is  impos- 
sible to  do  justice  to  their  work  and  give 
that  attention  to  writing  which  penmen,  as 
a  class,  demand. 

A  convention  of  commercial  teachers  is  a 
most  important  meeting.  Sucli  a  gathering 
should  be  held  annually,  and  the  subjects 
that  pertain  to  a  successful  business  career 
should  be  thoroughly  discussed. 

In  the  deliberatious  of  the  convention  the 
importance  of  a  plain,  business  penmanship 
should  he  dwelt  upon,  and  an  hour  might  be 
profitably  spent  by  somo  practiced  penman 
in  demonstrating  how  best  to  teach  it-  But 
penmanship  should  no  more  claim  special 
attention  in  the  meeting  than  should  mathe- 
matics, grammar,  or  the  writing  of  forms. 

The  business  college  teachers  meet  to 
consider  the  best  means  to  be  employed  in 
training  students  to  become  successful  busi- 
ness men.  In  this  work  penmanship  plays 
a  part  no  more  essential  than  do  several 
other  branches  of  an  education.  It  shoidd 
have  due  consideration  in  the  programme  of 
exercises,  but  considering  the  extended  work 
of  business  educators,  the  simple  form  of  con- 
structing letters  is  a  matter  of  minor  import- 
ance, and  should  in  no  considerable  degree 
monopolize  the  attention  of  a  business  teach- 
ers' convention. 

Iq  saying  this,  I  do  not  wish  to  be  under- 
stood   as     underrating  the  importance   of 
n  art.     On*  thejcontrary,  I 


COMMEKCIAL     COLLEGE, 

St.  Louis,  l-Vhruary  Ist,  lJi&2. 

Editors  o/ Journal:— The  imjiortance 
of  the  subject,  together  with  the  fact  that  its 
.Hgitaliou  seems  to  bo  neglected,  rather  than 
a  belief  in  my  ability  to  discuss  it  in  fitting 
words,  prompt  me  to  prosi-ut  my  opinions 
n-spccting  the  proposed  "Penmen's  Conven- 
tion." Being  a  member  of  the  pi-ofession, 
I  need  liai-dly  say  upon  which  side 
of  tho  question  I  stand.  I  am  in  favyr  of  a 
penmen's  convention  in  the  fullest  seuso  of 
the  lerm — a  convention  of  penmen  who  are 
earnest  and  active  in  the  cause,  and  who, 
when  they  meet  in  couvention,  will  not, 
for  its  snccesa,  trust  solely  to  social  fellow- 
ship. If  we  hold  a  convention,  let  its 
first  and  ruling  chnracterisiir.  be  business— 
tho  advancement  of  tho  pnd'ossiou. 

An  efi'ort  can,  and  in  my  judgment 
slumld,  he  nuide  to  bring  before  tho  educa- 
toi-s  of  the  United  Stales  tho  importance  of, 
and  the  gi-eat  benefit  that  would  follow,  a 
n^form  in  tho  prevailing  meth«id  of  instrm^ 
tion.  By  doing  this,  we  will  not  only 
serve  tho  merited  cause  of  odumtion,  but 
will,  indirectly,  promote  the  welfare  of 
the  professit.n  at  large ;  for,  if  the  minds  of  I  notice  that  the 
our  educatiirs  are  fully  awakened  to  the 

growing  demands  for  more  practical  |  tinesUou  being  as  to  the  advisabUity  of  giv- 
methods  of  teaohmg  the  art,  it  wiU  necessi-  I  ing  a  considerable  portion  of  the  time  of  the 
tnt.-  -I,,. .  ,.,.•!  .<M,....t  ..f„  f,r  iTwator  mimWp      ;«.,  to  th-  cininis  of  penmanship. 


called  and  conducted,  must  bring  together 
tho  veterans  of  the  cause,  who  are  looking 
about  them  for  worthy  successors  upon 
whoso  shoelders  tliey  may  cast  their  mantles. 
From  their  lips  let  the  young  hear  the  re- 
cital of  wisdom  and  experience  garnered 
during  Jong  yeara  of  labor  in  the  vineyard 
that  they  may  begin  where  their  predeces- 
sors ended,  and  thus  bo  continually  advauc- 


Referring  to  the  time  of  holding  the  con- 
vention, the  suggestion  o!  Prof.  R.  C.  Spen- 
cer, to  hold  it  immediately  after  (or  before?) 
tho  business  teachers'  convention,  seems  to 
me  both  wise  and  timely.  By  adopting 
this  time,  it  will  enable  many  to  attend, 
who  could  not  otherwise  do  so,  and  secure 
a  more  general  roprcsontivtion  of  the  best 
material  in  the  profession.  I  have  no  fears 
of  the  business  teachers'  convention  absorb- 
ing all  tho  interest  on  the  occasion.  If  the 
penmen  of  the  United  States  cannot  meet 
anywhere,  at  any  time,  and  upon  any  occa- 
sion, and  hold  a  successful  convention,  it  is 
high  time  to  cease  agitating  tho  <iuestion. 
Let  us  have  the  opinions  of  the  profession, 
and  by  all  means  let  us  have  a-  convention. 
Respectfully,  F.  H.  >[ai)den. 

Okficb  of  Hill  Standard  Book  Co., 
Chicago,- III.,  Jan.  15,  Idbii. 

Editors  Penman's   Art  Journal:— I 
bjectofa  business  teachers' 
convention  is  again  under  consideration,  the 


value  it  so  highly  as  to  desire  a  convention 
of  penmen  to  be  held  especially  iu  its  inter- 
est to  the  exclusion  of  all  otlier  subjects, 
from  the  fact  that  the  lime  of  a  three  days* 
meeting  could  be  fully  and  profitably  occupied 
iu  studying  and  discussing  the  subject,  the 
following  being  a  partial  programme  of  ex- 
ercises for  a  penmen's  convention : 

Origin  and  history  of  writing.  Improve- 
ment that  has  been  wrought  in  penmanship 
in  modern  times.  What  constitutes  a  good 
business  penmanship. 

Best  means  of  teaching  writing  in  public 
schools. 

Best  means  of  organizing  and  conducting 
private  classes  in  penmanship. 

Pen-Hourishing,  its  uses,  and  how  it  tnay 
be  acquired. 

Inks,  pens,  paper,  and  the  materials  ne- 
cessary to  execute  plain  and  ornamental 
pcnmansliip.' 

Cards,  card-writing,  and  the  etiquette  of 
cards. 

Capitalization,  punctuation  and  forms  of 
wordinsr  ir.ir.,-  ,,f    unitiitiiins  and   replies, 

lope  aril  .  -  ,1  ,  .  ,,|'  uorrespondeuce, 
forms  1.1  |. ,  -,  ,1,  iMiTji,.  resolutions,  etc. 

Geriiiiiii  iiAi  umi  uul  English  writing, 
marking-Ieiters  for  sluppers,  ornament^vl  let- 
tering and  pen-drawing. 

Portrait- making,  nroliitectural-di-awing, 
landscape-sketching,  engraving,  etc-,  with  a 
view  to  reproduction  in  photo-engraving. 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  above  list  of  topics 
that  the  time  of  a  penmen's  convention  could 
be  profitably  occupied  for  an  entire  week. 
At  any  rate  it  will  be  readily  seen  that  in  a 
peumen's  convention,  continuing  in  session 
three  days,  doing  full  justice  to  the  subject 
of  plain  and  ornamental  penmanship,  there 
would  be  no  time  to  spend  on  topics  outside 
of  the  work  in  hand. 


In  view  of  the  growing  iinpuriance  of  pen- 
manship as  an  art,  I  suggest  that  a  penmen's 
coDvontion  bo  called,  at  an  early  day.  The 
discovery  of  the  means  of  reproducing  speci- 
mens of  peu-work  thnmgh  the  process  of 
phoio-eneruving  has  opened  a  new  field  of 
operation  for  penmen.  By  means  of  this 
art,  many  penmen  are  now  kept  busily  at 
work  in  New  York  and  other  large  cities 
eugrossing  rosoluiiou'«.  invitations,  diplomas, 
certiticates,  etc.,  which,  through  this  process 
may  be  multiplied  indefinitely.  A  large 
number  are  also  employed  in  the  reproduc- 
tion of  portraits  and  many  kinds  of  engrav- 
ings from  photography.  In  fact  the  time  is 
probably  not  far  away  when  nearly  every 
picture  will  bo  first  sketched  with  apen,  and 
will  be  copied  precisely  as  fii-st  skillfully 
sketched  by  the  artist-penman.  Many  of 
the  engravings  iu  tho  loading  magazines  and 
pictorial  papers  are  to  d:4y  reproductions  from 
the  work  of  the  peu-artLst. 

I  protest  that  this  skill  should  not  alone  be 
confined  to  a  certjua  educated  number.  If 
various  penmen  can  successfully  ply  their 
knowledge  of  pen-drawing  in  the  metropo- 
litan cities,  tho  penmen  of  other  regions  of 
the  country  can  make  use  of  tho  art  also. 
Every  city  throughout  the  land  may  einploy 
its  pen-artist  in  the  manufactui'O  of  portraits 
of  its  citizens,  and  in  the  making  of 
diplomas,  family  records,  writiug  of  cards, 
engi-ossing  of  resolutions,  etc.  In  this  tho 
penmen  of  the  country  simply  need  educa- 
ting in  order  to  practically  and  successfully 
apply  their  knowledge. 

Let  a  convention  be 
called  for  the  artist-pen- 
men of  the  country,  the 
special  purpose  of  which 
shall  lie  to  determine  the 
best  methods  of  teaching, 
and  the  best  means  of 
applying  the  ornameutal 
to  the  practical  purposes 
of  life.  Such  a  meeting 
will  be  of  as  much  ad~ 
vantage  to  tlie  country 
as  is  a  convention  of  pho- 
tographic artists.  It  will 
dignify  the  art,  it  will 
ennoble  the  profession, 
and  it  will  much  instruct, 
benefit  and  profit  the 
penmen.  Yours,  etc., 
Tuos.  E.  Hill. 


H.  D.  Stratton. 


Messrs.  Editors  : — It  may  be  that  the 
following  incidents  and  recollections  might 
interest  some  of  the  many  readers  of  the 
Journal.  Give  it  a  place  or  not  in  your 
columns,  as  you  find  best. 

It.  was  in  August,  I  think  1(J53,  that  I 
firat  met  H.  D.  Stratton.  Having  a  stiort 
vacation  I  made  my  way  to  Mr.  Spencer,  as 
was  with  mo  a  custom  for  years,  to  see  old 
friends,  and  to  professionally  "  brush  up." 
I  found  "Jericho"  supplied  with  twenty  or 
thirty  students  driving  the  pen,  and,  amongst 
thein,  H.  D.  Stratton.  I  found  no  dilliculty 
in  the  way  of  soon  becoming  sociable  with 
the  future  fomider  of  the  famous  "Chain." 
He  was  thou  quite  young,  perhaps  2<>  or  27. 
He  was  tall  and  very  slender.  The  eccen- 
tricity and  vivacity  of  his  manners,  and  the 
inviting  kindliness  of  his  face  soon  drew 
about  him  a  troop  of  now  friends,  myself 
being  one,  and  not  the  least  pleased  of  the 
set.  On  my  second  day  at  Jericho,  Stratton 
went  to  Oberliu  to  attend  Commencement ; 
after  two  days  he  returned,  and  as  he  and  I, 
by  Mr.  Spencer's  ordering,  occupied  a  room 
togetiier,  he  soon  beoime  very  communica- 
tive, and  proceeded  to  lay  before  me  what 
he  was  pleased  to  say  were  some  of  his  plana 
for  the  future ;  plans  as  he  averred,  new  in 
conception  but,  nevertheless,  no  doubt  iu 
the  near  years  to  be  broadly  planted,  and  to 
be  persistently  pushed  to  consummation  and 


VK  I    »J<)rKv.vi. 


1  eoergy, 


ouKh, 


fully  put 


ihreo  nighte,  after  class  adjoum- 
p  Dearly  wholly  occupied  with 
of  these  plans  —  chiaierical 
t  I  supposed,  but  afterwards, 
>  it  might  seem,  nearly  all  faitb- 
io  operatioii  and  carried  out.  I 
said  these  plans  were  carried  out;  I  should 
any  perhaps  not  without  some  modification' 
and  alteration  very  likely.  He  had  already 
dctrnnined  upon  a  Grand  Commercial  In- 
stitution in  Cleveland.  Folaom's  College 
wj.t  then  in  its  zenith ;  his  intended  brother- 
in-law,  II.  B.  Bryant,  was  at  that  time 
professor  in  that  institution.  He  (Bryant) 
should  be  drawn  off  from  Folaom,  and  be 
hi»  t-unfidential  adviser  and  partner.  He 
must  have  one  more;  who  should  it  bef 
Spencer  had  already  purchased  Chamber- 
lainV  College.  Did  I  Itnow  J.  W.  Lusk? 
JIi-  must  leam  all  about  Luek;  ho  would 
write  by  me  to  Lusk.  Spencer,  by  teaching 
al  Cleveland,  oft^n  would  popularize  his 
Model  College;  but  would  not  Lusk  make 
a  craud  partner  to  hold  this  department 
•'i-  I'lily  up  ! — Bryant  would  marry  his  sister, 
In  would  marry  Bryant's  sister— Bryant 
'iiiil  prove  a  lasting  pillar  of  strength  to 
■■'  Ills  enterprises;  still  he  would  be  the 
"  >.*  7iMn  of  the  concern.  Folsom 
M,|  ho  absorbed,  money  would  flow  in;  ^  M.  B.  Moi 
I. Mi,  said  H.  D.,  growing  excited  and  jubi-  '  i" 
laiii,  '■  I  must  not  be  siul  up  in  Cleveland, 
-'li  no.  I  shall  surely  plant  another  college 


,nd  enthu-  |    -^ 


k,  untiring  zeal, 

id  riRhlly  dircclei 
He  bated  all  narrowness  in  deal ;  mu 
ways  an  apostle  of  peace  and  goodwill, 
a  great  friend  and  patron  himself  of  merit 
wherever  he  found  it      The  history  of  hia 
enterprises  has  hmg  since  plawd  his  busi- 
ness reputation  in  the  right  place. 

I  havey^  to  learn  that  in  his  broad  deal- 
ings, and  bniadly  spread  out  uodertakiDgs 
he  ever  wronged  any  man. 


,  another  i 


many  more.     You  see,  Cooper, 

I  ni,  up  for  no  cramped  or  circumscribed 
".<kiug.     The  fact  is  I'm  a  national 

'■■     Wo  shall  kill  or  swallow  all  compe- 
■n,  but   our  sclmols  after  all   must  be 
hr us— substantial,  meritorious,  and  last- 
Mr.  Stratton  now  amused  himself  by 
■r^  :i  humorous  account  of  a  little  of  his 
i>  in  tho  past.     Ho  was  pleased  to  say 
1  li-  commenced  his  career  as  a  ''Profos- 
"f   Ponnianship."    I   think   it  was  his 
I  euterpriso   in   Boston.     That,  said,  he 
a  decided  success.     "  Of  course,"  said 
'  1    could  not  write,  but  then  my  plan 
tiirihodof  raising  and  conducting  a  class 
■  I  success."     Ho  then  went  on  and  ei- 
u*'d  his  method.     Stratton  had  a  keen 
>o  n{  the  ludicrous,  and  he  seemed  lo  en- 
Miis  view  of  his  professional  history  im- 
'-■•^■ly.     Kiually,  said  he.  after  ventilating 
\    I.i'gland  aud  Boston  professional  mat- 
,  "  Cooper,  I  now  have  in  my  mind  an 
1  lor  you.     It  is  a  Penmen's  College  in 
Louis  to  ho  established  this  very  winter 
yon  and  I.     1  will  furnish  the  money, 
shrill  go  therewith  me;  I  will  plant, 
I  shall  run  the  institution.     Will  you 
Will  you  settle  there  and  there  re- 
That  point  is  our  key  to  the  South, 
"'  is  the  tiuio  to  begin.     I  shall  plant 
-   all   over   Amoriea."     I    was   then 

I I  i.it  Mr.  Stratton  bad  but  little  means. 
I'lcred  his  notions  chimerical,  and  his 

d  enterprises  impossible,  but  he 
■  \  me  that  there  should  be  no  want  of 
•  '■<.  Jind  no  want  of  steadiness  of  push. 
11^  wliat  followed  I  take  it  that  he  had 
Illy  determined  very  neariy  the  business 
liod  jifierwards  so  successful  throughout. 


Maxwi>U  Kei 
teaching  writiri 

J.  W.  Phiiikett  h  tearliiug  wriling-cbist 
at  Mcinlpelier,  Ind.;  he  wrilea  a  good  hand. 
"*  A.  S.  Denuifl,  teacher  of  writing  at  the  loi 


City  Commercial  CuUegej  is  i 


teaching,  writing  cards, 
peumHUHliip  at  Morgan,  Ky. 


iplished    ]ieiiui 
liting  a 


A  handeonitfty 
A.  Brush.  Philadetph 

An  elegant  speciniwn  of  epistolary  writing 
comes  from  H.  C.  Spencer.  Waahingtoii,  D.  C- 

R.  M.  Nettle,  Oro  City.  Cal..  sends  a  skill- 
fully executed  upecimen  of  off-hand  tlounshing. 

L.  A.  Bates,  Ellington,  N.  Y.,  incloses  in  a 
well-written  letter  several  baudeomely  executed 

J.  E.  Garner,  Harrisburgh.  Pa.,  writes  a 
handuome  letter,   and    incloses  several  finely 

An  elegantly  written  letter  comes  from  A.  H. 
HiuTiian.  principal  of  the  Worcester  (Mass.) 
BuHiiiesH  College, 

A  very  fine  specimen  of  common  sense  prac- 
tical writing,  in  letter  form,  comes  from  W.  A. 
Frasiff,  Mansfield,  Ohio. 

A  photograph  of  a  finely  executed  pen-draw- 
ing of  fruit  and  foliage  comeo  fi-nnj  Eugene  E. 
Sehener,  Gnlvestou,  Texas. 

W.  I).  Speck,  teacher  of  writing,  at  Pleasant 
J  Hall,  Pft.,  writes  a  handsome  letter  in  which 
inclottes  severa'  hnndsomelv  written  cards. 


G.  W.  Rathlmn,  of  the  Great  Weslei 


Buffalo,  and  heaven    ^ess  College,    On'mlia,   Neb. 


iBui 


that  his 


Eciiool  i 


dav 


elaud,  and  in  two  day»  I  called  on  him 

IV  way  to  visit  Lusk.     I  handed  Lusk 

u's  propositions.     Lusk  replied  ;  and 

lo  moD  very  soon  settled,  that  is,  by 

iih  the  council   aud   co-operation   of 

III,  upon  tho  course  afterwards  pursued. 

iH'iiiber  that  afterwards  when  Stratton 

■  d  on  opening  a  college  immediately 

liifjigo,  his  ability  was   not   only  dis- 

1,  and  in    his    jndginout   no  faith    ex- 

cd,  but  his  selection  of  his  points  of 

Ti  which  to  establish  new  enterprises 

;.  lubted.     Mr.  Bryant,    however,    al- 

'  M-ked  his  partner,  letting  his  peculiar 

-  caprices  have  unrestrained  play.     I 

■  in  the  end  he  not  only  made  money 

1  <iug,  but  did  the  schools  and  the 

Am  a  lasting  sen-ico.     Stratton  was 

y  way  a  hi>e  man.     He  often  desired 

I'ueh,"  more  energy  in  the  colleges; 

ru'said  to  the  writer,  "AH  success  is 


.l!y  prosper 

W.  B.  Osgood  in  teaching  writing  in  the 
Public  Sl-IiooIb  of  Hartford,  Conn.  He  is  an 
accomplitthed  writer  aud  populai-  teacher. 

The  Daily  liTtiminer,  Wasco,  Texas,  makes 
favorable  mention  of  R.  H.  Hill,  who  has  late- 
ly opened  a  Business  School  In  that  place. 
r  Mesars.  I.  S.  Preetou  and  Beers,  are  teach- 
ing large  writirig-claBeea  in  Holyoke,  Mass.. 
aud  vicinity.     They  are  both  superioi-  wi-iters. 

H.  Ruh6h)1,  of  Joliet,  III..  liaN  lately  reumvod 
hic^  College  to  more 'commodious  rooms;  he  re- 
ports the  attendance  as  larger  than  everbHtor 

R.  A.  Lambert,  who  is  conducting  a  Con 
mercial  School  at  Winona,  Mian.,  ie  favorablyL 
mentioned   by  tho    Daily  Republican   of  that)  i  lettering  and  flom-islung  in  for 


D.  C. 

James  McBride,  of  the  Greenville  (Ohio) 
Business  College,  seuds  several  skillfull?  ex- 
ecuted Fpecimens  of  flourishing  and  practical 
writing. 

A.  K.  Degler,  penmen  at  the  North  Western 
<Oh!o  Normal  School,  Ada,  Ohio,  sends  a  skill- 
fidly  executed  specimen  uf  flourishing  and 
drawing.  ^ 

^\.  E.  Dewhurst,  New  Hartford,  N.  Y, 
j    an  artistic  and  skillfully  executed  specimen  of 


The  Island  City  (GHlveston,  Texas)  Busi- 
m-se  Ccdlege,  was  lately  burned,  but  has  been 
promptly  reopened  by  its  enterpriuug  proprie- 
tors, Mesers.  Joss  and  Benlsh. 

T.  M.  Osboni,  the  enterprising  manager  of 
the  N.  E.  Card  Co.,  Woousocket,  R.  I.,  is 
interested  hi  a  new  eight-pflge  monthly  publi- 
cation, entitled  '-Siftings"  which  is  mailed  one 
year  for  50  cents. 

F.  A.  Holuies  has  lately  opened  a  Commer- 
cial School  at  Fall  River,  Mass.,  which  seems 
highly  promising  for  success.  Mr.  Holmes 
writes  a  good  hand  and  has  had  considerablf 
experience  in  teaching  commercial  branches. 

C.  G.  Sweensberg,  principal  of  the  Grand 
Rapids  (Mich.)  Biisiues-s  Cullege.  informs  us 
that  he  is  enjoying  an  unusual  degree  of  success. 
The  (iraiid  Haptth  Daily  Demorrat  pays  Mr. 
Sweenberg,  pei-sonaUy  and  his  scliool,  a  high 
nndovell -deserved  compliment. 

DaytoTi,  Ohio,  is  U)  \w  congratulated  on  its 
new  ]io9tmasti'r.  A.  D.  Wilt,  who  has  con- 
»r  some  years  past,  a  very  popular 
College  al  Dayton.  He  is  a  geutle- 
u-e  ability  and  attainments,  and  can- 
o  do  honor  to  his  new,  as  he  has  to 
positions. 

has  become  the  ^iroprJetor  of 

)  Mercantile  Ci 
Miller,  lately  deceased.    Prof 
eirce  is  well  known  to  our  readers  through 
umerouR  aud  interesting  commun 
a  skillful    writer,  popular   teacher,    and 
annly  commended  by  the  press  of  Keokuk, 


•C.  H.  Peirce.  has 
/the  Keokuk  (Iowa) 
successor  of  Mr.  Mil 


inposilor  in  the  office  of 
professional. 


W.  B.  Snyder 
the  New  Era,  L; 
ganl  hand.    It  would  do  honor 

J.  D.  Briftut,  Rushland,  La. 
in  a  credilablv  style,  in  which  he  incloses  an 
attractive  spi^cimen  of  lettering  and  flourishing. 

Another  elegant  specimen  of  practical  vmt- 
ing  comes  in  form  of  a  letter  from  J.  W.  Swank, 
tlie  penman  of  the  U.  S.  Treasury,  Washington, 


a  wei-kly  publication,  having  a  wide  ciri'ulalion 
aud  rapidly  growing  popularity. 

Among  the  really  tdegnnt  Bpecimens  of  cor- 
respondence received  during  the  past  month,  is 
n  letter  fi-om  I,.  L.  Williams,  President  of  the 
Rochester.  (N.  Y.)  Business  University.  Ii  is 
a  valued  addition  to  our  scrap-book. 

A  skillfully  executed  specimen  of  flonriahiifK 
and  lettering  has  been  received  from  A.  W. 
Dudley,  principal  of  the  commercial  deparN 
ment  of  the  Northern  Indiana  Nomisl  School, 
It  may  be  seen  ii  any  time  in  our  scrap-book. 

C.  W.  Payne,  Kewanee,  III.,  writes  that  he 
has  never  bad  any  other  teacher  t'ljRn  the 
.lOt'RNAL.  yet  few  more  elegant  letters  than 
his  have  been  received  during  the  past  month. 
The  card  specimens  he  forwards  are  highly 
creditable. 

L.  W.  Hallelt.  West  Danley,  N.  Y.,  favors 
us  with  an  article  for  publication,  and  sends 
several  excellent  specimens  of  his  present 
writing,  together  with  those  formerly  executed, 
showing  creditable  improvement,  and  for 
which  be  credits  the  JouiLVAl.. 

H.  A.  Stodard,  Principal  of  the  Rockford 
(111.)  Cnmmercin!  Cllege.  iuclosfs  in  a  well 
written  letter,  photographs  of  three  specimens, 
embracing  lettering,  tlonrishing,  drawing,  and 
practical  writing,  wliich  will  r^nk  among  the 
best  specimens  of  our  scrap-book. 

We  have  received  from  Fred.  D.  Ailing,  of 
Rochester.  N.  Y.,  a  roll  of  specimens  of  tlour- 
isliiug  and  writiug  executed  with  several  kinds 
of  inks  nuuiu factored  by  him,  which  pieaents  a 
splendid  appearance.  They  are  jet-black,  gold, 
silver,  aud  white.  Alling's  inks  ai-efasl  growing 
in  popularity  with  good  judges  of  ink.  Pen- 
men and  olhei-8  wishing  anything  in  the  ink 
line,  should  rend  Iuh  "  ad."  in  another  column, 
and  be  guided  accoraiugly. 


Lheadiug. 

W.  A.  Beer,  teacher  of  writing  at  Monroe, 
Pa.,  sends  a  specimen  of  flouriehing  executed 
by  W.  B.  Lorah,  one  of  bin  pupils,  which  is 
creditable. 

A  letter  executed  in  the  highest  style  of  prac- 
tical wi-iting,  comes  from  J.  E.  SouM,  of  the 
Bryant  &  Stratton  Business  College,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

A.  L.  Gilbert,  teacher  of  writing  at  the  Spen- 
cerian  Business  College,  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
a  good  practical  hand,  as  indicated  by 


ved. 


D.  D.  Bryant.  Susquehanna,  Pa.,  writes  an 
elegant  letter  in  which  he  incloses  several  fine 
specimens  of  card-writing,  aud  his  portrait  for 
the  scrap-book. 

During  the  month  of  .Tunuarr,  two  letters 
have  been  received  from  H.  W.  FHckinKer,  of 
Philadelphia,  which  surpass  all  others  iu  their 
ease  and  unaffected  art. 

Geo.  W.  Davis,  teacher  of  writing  at  Bryant's 
(Buffalo,  N.  Y.)  Business  College,  writes  an 
elegant  letter.  For  real  ease,  grace  and  ac- 
iiracy  of  form  it  is  rarely  excelled. 
A  handsomely  written  letter,  aud  an  inlerest- 
iig  communication  to  the  columns  of  the 
loimNAL,  comes  from  F.  H.  Madden,  of  John- 
on's  Commercial  Collegi',  St.  Louie,  Mo. 
S.  S.  Lnndrum,  Idaho,  Ala.,  writes  an  easy 
luuid,  and  incloses  several  specimens  of  well- 
executed  flourishing ;  fewer  flouriehes  and 
loops  would  improve  the  appearance  of 


Ex-T 


met,  who  is  now  eighty 
years  of  age,  perfected  his  fam(ais  autograph 
when  he  was  a  young  man,  working  at  har- 
ness-making in  Herkimer.  Ho  practiced 
writing  it  hour  after  hour,  and  bis  old  part- 
ner said  a  year  or  two  ago  that  he  liad  seen 
as  much  as  two  hundred  sheets  of  foolscap 
covered  with  the  attempts. 


A  handsomely  written  letter  and  a  skillfully 
executed  specimen  of  flourishing,  comes  from 
F.  L.  Stoddard.  Elvaston  HI,  Mr.  Stoddard 
was  lately  graduated  from  Peirce's  Writing  In- 
stitute, Keokuk,  Iowa. 

An  elegantly  written  letter  comes  from  D.  L. 
Musselman,  Quincy,  III.,  in  which  he  says  that 
his  college  is  more  largely  attended  than  ever 
before.  Benldt-s  condm-llng  one  of  the  moHi 
popular  Business  Collffics  in  the  West.  Prof. 
MuBselman  is  acquiring  well-merited  literary 
I    fame,  as  one  of  the  editors  of  the  i(odem  Argo, 


Left-hand  Writing. 

The  readers  of  the  Joi;rnal  have  seen 
occasional  notices  of  the  success  of  Mr.E.S. 
Shockey  in  writing  with  his  left  hand,  hav- 
ing lost  bis  right  hand  while  a  soldier.  Mr. 
Slocum,  formerly  a  clerk  aud  pupil  in  this 
ofiice,  went,  shortly  after  completing  his 
studies  here,  to  Buffalo,  where  he  secured  an 
extensive  reporting  business.  But  too  much 
labor  induced  nervous  troubles  for  a  time, 
the  result  of  which  was  that  his  right  bund 
became  almost  unmatiageable.  But  by  per- 
severance he  succeeded  in  training  the  left 
hand  to  do  the  work ;  and  he  now  writes,  as 
I  know  by  iusjjection  of  his  notes,  very  legi- 
bly with  his  left  hand.  And  the  firm  of  Slo- 
cum &  Thorutoii  having  been  dissolved, 
Mr.  Slocuui  continues  tho  business,  retain- 
ing, as  Official  Stenographer,  the  position  in 
the  courts  he  has  held  many  ye*r8,  general- 
ly using  his  left  hand,  and  only  occasionally 
relieving  it  with  the  right,  which  has  im- 
proved in  control  since  it  has  been  used  less. 
— Student's  Journal. 


R.  M.  N.  Oro  City,  Col.,  complains  that 
several  numbers  of  tho  Journal  }iave  failed 
to  reach  him,  and  aska  if  we  nmke  up  miss- 
ing numbers  without  charge  ?  Where  papers 
fail  to  roach  the  subscriber,  on  receiving  no- 
tice thereof,  wo  at  once  remail  copies  free, 
and  also  where  copies  have  beou  worn  or 
soiled  IroiD  exhibition  to  procure  subscrip- 
tions, wo,  with  pleasure,  mail  «jther  copies, 
but  where  papers  have  been  simply  lost  or 
destroyed,  remittance  should  be  made  at  the 
rate  of  ten  cents  per  copy. 

It  is  our  desire  aud  earnest  endeavor  to 
have  every  subscriber  get  their  paper  suiely 
and  promptly,  and  any  one  not  so  receiving 
it  should  give  immodiato  notice  Eiicfi 
issue  is  mailed  not  later  than  the  liith  uf 
the  month.  Bajik  numbers  may  he  bad 
ft-otn  and  inclusive  of  Jauuary  1878. 


im,  by  A  B  C,  aud  X  Y   Z,  for 
teachers.     Both   the  advertisers 

are  parties  well  known  lo  us,  aud  are  capable 

of  tilling  reaponhible  poaitioni*. 


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All 


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1878,  can  bo  supplied.  No  number  prior  to 
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AH  the  4H  back  numbers,  with  any  four 
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LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 

W»  hop*  to  rendor  tlw  Jol'ILXai,  iufflclMitly  interMt- 
tor  ftwl  BlItnctlTe  lo  htuiv.  not  wily  the  piitroniiffe  of 
allthuHB  vho  an  tD(«r»lc(l  in  ■kilinil  nrSlioff  or  tcaclitoff, 
but  tti«1r  eftRiMt  nod  ttollr*  ctH^penitloD  as  oormpooa- 

of  hU  hifo.  wo  offtr  tho  fnUowing 

PREMIUMS: 
To  every  new  »nb«criber,  or  renewal,  inolrwlnft  11.  w" 
will  mall  lie  JOUUXAI.  one  year  and  smd  a  oofjj'  of  the 

"  PloiirinhMl  Eagle,"  iM«33 ;  "  The  Ceniennliil  Ilctiire  of 

PrryrreM."  ffiES;  or  "  Tho  Bounding  Stag."  JlxJJ.    Fi.r 

12.00, all  fonrwlllbawnt  with  (he  flrel  oopyof  JounxAU 

To  any  penon  Mndlog  their  own  and  nnotbcr  nnmo  u 

JOL'liKAL  and  premiiun  one  yt«r,  and  furwnrd,  by  r«liira 
of  mail  to  thp  tender,  «  copy  ol  either  of  the  following 

men*  of  penmun^p  ever  published,  v\i.  t 

The  Marriage  Certiflcal« 16x23  in. 

TlieFaoiilf  Reoon! 1^x33  Id. 

3  gpMlmen  Sheet*  of  Engnwing,  eooh 11x14  in. 

CoDgdoD'*  Nonnsl  S^Btem  of  Leilering 
Or      "  ■■  "  Flourishing. 

Fur  HPi-cii  namea  and  t1  we  will  forwaid  a  copy  ol 
■■WUIium(i&Paohanl-«auid6":  ratails  for»3. 
For  twelvo  Biilwxriptioni  and  |tS  wo  will  send  a  oopv 

""F^r  twelve  namm  and  Jiawowill  forw.ml  «  «.py  of 
'■WiUuims&,  Pacfcunl's  Gems  nf  PeuiimnKl.it- ";  rvtiiili 
fcr|5. 

TO  CLUBS: 


e  JOL' 


r.  M  foil 


February,  1882. 


Twelve    Pages    for    the  Journal. 

Five  limes  duriug  the  past  year  we  have 
found  it  noccssHry  t<i  add  extra  pages  to  the 
Journal,  that  it  might  contain  the  matter 
and  illustrations  which  we  desired  to  pre- 
sent, and,  at  the  same  time,  accommudate 
patrous  who  have  sought  advertising  space 
in  its  ciihiMius,  Indeed,  it  is  now  manifest 
that  eight  pages  will  no  longer  suffice  to 
contain  the  frieat  amount  of  matter  which, 
each  month,  seems  desirable  to  present.  We 
have,  therefore,  determined  henceforth  to 
make  the  Journal  a  twelve  instead  of 
an  eight-page  paper,  and,  uutmthstanding 
this  mil  largely  increase  the  cost  nf  the 
publication,  there  will  he  no  change  in  the 
prif^  of  subsiriplion.  We  simply  ask  its 
pivsent  patrous  aud  fi-iends  to  reciprocate 
by  calUng  the  attention  of  others  who 
should  ho  interested  iu  ita  work,  to  the  fact 
of  its  publication,  and  commend  it  accord- 

The  King  Club 

for  the  past  month  numbers  seventy-one,  and 
comes  from  Messrs.  Carhart  and  Folsom, 
proprietore  of  the  Albany  (N-  Y.)  Business 
College.  Wo  lately  had  the  pleasure  of  a 
visit  to  the  spacious  rooms  of  this  college, 
and  found  them  day  and  evening  filled  to  well 
nigh  their  utmost  capacity,  while  the  facilities 
for,  and  the  modes  of,  iuslnictioa  were  all 
that  could  be  desired  for  a  school  of  busi- 
ness. Prof.  Folsom  is  one  of  the  pioneers  in 
ibe  business  college  system,  and  has  for 
more  than  twenty-five  years  been  conspicu- 


ous for  his  ability  anil 
author  and  teacher  of 
white  Mr.  Carhart  has  won  an  enviable  re- 
pntation  as  an  energetic  and  accomplished 
commercial  teacher,  and  lately  as  author  of 
Carhart's  Class-book  of  Commercial  Law, 
which  ha»  met  with  an  unusual  demand  as 
a  class-book  in  business  colleges.  Messrs. 
Folsom  and  Carhart  happily  combine  a  ripe 
experience  and  youthful  vigor  which  are  be- 
stowing ujfbn  the  linn  well  merited  success. 

The  second  club,  in  size,  numbers  sixty- 
one,  and  comes  from  Geo.  W.  Davis,  teacher 
of  penmanship,  at  Bryant's  { Buffalo,  N.  Y.) 
Business  College.  So  large  a  dub,  certain- 
ly, speaks  well  for  Prof.  Davis,  and  his 
efficiency  as  a  teacher  of  writing,  and  one 
who  secures  the  confidence  and  esteem  of 
his  pupils. 

The  third  club,  in  size,  numbers ^/(y-/oMr, 
aud  comes  from  the  Rochester  {N.  Y.)  Busi- 
ness University,  and  is  an  evidence  that  the 
teachers  of  that  institution  also  know  how 
to  interest  their  students  in  the  art  of  good 
writing.  Many  other  clubs  of  uearly  equal 
magnitude  have  been  received,  and  to  all  the 
senders  wo  return  our  moat  hearty  thanks 
and  good  wishes,  and  can  only  say  that  we 
shall  endeavor  to  see  that  they,  and  the 
members  of  their  clubs,  find,  through  the 
of  the  Journal,  an  ample  return 
iiivoatment. 


Aud  it  is  the  same  lack  of  good  sense  and 
taste  that  leads  one  to  robe  their  persou  with 
uncouth  dress,  or  decorate  it  with*  showy 
gewgaws,  and  to  add  useless  tails,  flourishes 
and  outlandish  personal  eocentricitie*  to 
their  writing. 

Bad  Writing  Expensive. 

A  verdict  of  $.tOII  damages  was  lately 
rendered  against  a  gas  company  in  this  city. 
The  claim  for  damages,  and  verdict  rendered, 
was  founded  upon  whether  or  not  a  certain 
word  written  in  a  receipt  was  intended  for 


It  was  Mirabeau,  the  celebrated  French 
statesman  and  philosopher,  who  said,  "The 
two  greatest  inventions  of  human  ingenuity 
are  writing  and  money ^  the  common 
language  of  intelligence  and  the  common 
language  of  self-interest." 

Maskwell's  Compendium. 

We  had  supposed  that  there  could  be 
nothing  sufficiently  new  in  the  way  of  a  com- 
pendium of  writing  to  be  astonishing,  either 
in  style,  or  in  the  magnitude  of  its  claims,  as 
au  open  sesame  to  chirographic  mystery  and 
display,  but  it  would  seem  that  we  have  been 
reckoning  without  our  host,  for  in  the  Feb- 
ruary number  of  the  Century  Magazine  is  a 


Tlie  above  cut  is  a  correct  view  of  the 
renowned  Log  Seminary,  opened  by  P.  R. 
Spencer,  author  of  "  Spencerian,"  in  1854. 
Hon.  V.  M.  Rice,  W.  P.  Cooper,  H.  D. 
Stratton,  also  James  W.  Lusk,  and  repre- 
sentatives from  almost  every  State,  twenty- 
five  years  ago  made  pilgrimages  to  visit 
tlie  author  at  this  rude  chirographic  temple, 
which  he  kept  open  as  a  summer  haven. 
Its  geographical  location  is  at  Geneva,  Ohio, 
on  one  of  the  Spencer  farms,  three  miles 
from  Lake  Erie,  and  about  the  same  dis- 
tance from  the  beautiful  village  of  Geneva. 
Tlie  cabin  is  now  gone;  some  of  the  timbers 
were  carried  away,  and  manufactured  into 
canes.  A  small  stock  of  sound  sticks  have 
been  preserved  to  be  made  into  peuhtdders 
by  Mr.  Spencer's  sons.  In  this  cabin  the 
founders  of  the  Bryant  and  Stratton  chain 
met  aud  an-anged  to  open  the  Cleveland, 
now  Spenceriau,  Business  College,  and  sub- 
soquemly  the  college  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
under  the  style  of  Bryant,  Spencer  (R.  C), 
Lusk,  and  Stratton.  Thus  originated  the 
great  Chain  of  B.  and  S.  colleges. 

Good  Sense  in  Writing. 

Horace  says,  "  Good  sense  is  the  source 
and  foundation  of  good  ^vTiting."  Notwith- 
standing, we  often  hear  it  affirmed  that  good 
writmg  is  a  gift.  We  hold  that  it  is  no 
more  so  than  any  other  accomplishment. 
All  human  faculties  and  attaiimients  may  be 
said  to  he  gifts  in  the  same  sense  lliat  good 
writing  is.  The  same  good  sense  that  makes 
a  well-poised  man  of  affairs  can  make  a 
good  writer.  The  same  good  taste  and 
judgment  tliat  selects  tasty  and  appropriate 
articles  of  dress  can  make  a  good  writer. 


prospectus  of  Professor  Maskwell's  Com- 
pendium accompanied  with  testimonials  and 
specimens  of  marvellous  and,  according  to 
their  aiilhi.rs,  wull  nigh  instantaneous  chiro- 
graphic trausfonnations  that  have  been 
wroijyht  tlimu^h  its  instrumentality,  which 
triinsiinin.nii.u5,  though  perhaps,  not  altu- 
grtlii-r  trie  fioiri  plagiarism,  upon  the  whole 
ati'.-r.l  ample  cause  for  authors  of  previous 
compeudiums  to  look  anxiously  to  their 
laurels. 

One  enthusiastic  patron  affirms  that  he 
has  "acquired  a  rapid  and  elegant  stylo 
merely  while  getting  on  aud  off  the  trains 
of  the  Elevated  Railway,"  which  he  thinks 
is  the  quickest  time  on  record,  but  he  would 
seem  to  be  fairly  outdone  (not  in  point  of 
time,  however )  by  a  Western  laborer 
who  claims  to  have  "  learned  to  write  a 
flourishing  style  with  his  loft  hand  while 
sawing  wood  with  his  right." 

"  A  special  edition  of  the  Compendium 
has  been  issued  for  use  iu  railway  restau- 
rants, and  Maskwell's  coupons  are  now  at- 
tached to  through  tickets,  so  as  to  enable 
the  tourist  to  take  three  leswons  a  day  en 
route.  The  only  objection  ever  made  to  this 
system  is  that  it  is  too  eaey." 

Several  specimens  are  given  of  the  aban- 
doned and  acquired  styles  of  writing,  through 
the  use  of  the  Compendium,  and  the  one  that 
is  regarded  as  the  most  remarkable  for  the 
month  is  from  the  well-known  hieroglyphiat, 
F.  £.  Spinner,  whieh  is  accompanied  by  his 
portrait,  specimens  of  old  and  new  auto- 
graphs, and  the  follovring  testimonial: 

Herkimer  Co.,  Fla.,  Sept.  7,  188L 
!  Dear  Sir  :— Your  compendium  arrived 
^  this  morning  asd  I  have  been  praoUoing  a 


little — with  what  result  yon  will  see.  The 
ink  was  hardly  dry  on  the  old  style  before  I 
had  acquired  the  nvw.  In  my  opinion,  the 
present  flourishing  condition  of  the  c^mntry 
is  largely  due  to  the  introduction  of  Mask- 
well's Compendium. 

Very  truly  yours,    F.  E.  Spinner. 

"  Maskwell's 


^^Sl^ja^^vwvte*4r>' 


Exhibiting  Specimens  at  the 
Convention. 

Prof.  Richard  Nelson,  of  Cincinnati, 
chairman  of  tlie  Executive  Committee  of  the 
B.  E.  A.  of  A.,  asks:  Would  it  not  be 
expedient  to  have  a  fine  display  of  penman- 
ship at  the  coming  convention  ?  Why  not  t 
There  is,  beyond  a  question,  artistic  skill 
sufficient  in  the  profession  to  produce  work 
in  amount  and  degree  of  artistic  excellence 
to  constitute  an  interesting  and  instructive 
feature  of  the  convention.  Let  the  exhibi- 
tion consist  of  work  iu  any  and  every  de- 
partment of  the  penman's  art,  as  well  as  il- 
lustrative of  the  methods  and  results  attained 


As  brother  Packard  has  i 
us,  but  wo  favor  not  the  ca 


I'v  placing  our 

upot 

the  committee. 

.^  .■  shall  use  0 

iir  iu 

lueuc 

in  behalf  of  a 

-land  display  iu 

this 

lirect 

m,  in  ocmnection 

^vith  the  conven 

tiou. 

We  have  not  yet  had 

opportunity   or 

to   c 

mfer  with  other 

members  of  the 

committee 

upon  this  or  any 

other  matter  rel 

iting 

to  thi 

object  of  its  ap- 

iMi„tinent.    Of  this 

more 

will   be   said  in 

tulure  ii'snes 

but 

in  th 

e  mean  time,  we 

.iKi'  the  libciiy 

ot  i 

ivmnt 

ct)ricspoiuIeucc' 

Books  and  Magazines. 

The  Universal  Penman,  published  by 
Sawyer  &.  Brother,  Ottawa,  Ciiuadii,  is  an 
interesting  magazine  devoted  to  pentnan- 
ship,  phonography,  and  drawing.  See  pros- 
pectus in  another  column. 


Portfolio  A>'n  Writing- 
Tablet  is  a  very  convenient  and  useful  ctm- 
trivance  for  receiving  and  for  holding,  in 
place,  paper,  and  will  be  of  great  utility  to 
lawyers,  physicians,  clergymen,  steno- 
graphers, teachers,  authors,  professional 
penmen,  book-keepers,  students,  copyist, 
business  men — to  all  who  use  the  pen  or 
pencil.  Mailed  for  75  cents,  by  D.  Wetit- 
worth,  553  Congress  Street,  Porthind,  Me. 

M  AYHBw's  University  Book-keeping, 
advertised  in  another  column,  is  a  practical 
and  popular  treatise  upon  the  science  of 
book-keeping,  and  is  extensively  used  aud 
highly  commended  by  teachers  in  business 
colleges  and  other  schools  who  have  used  it 
as  a  class-book.  Its  author  is  president  of 
the  Mayhew  Business  College  of  Detroit,  in 
which  book-keeping,  telegraphy,  shorthand 
and  typewriting  are  taught.  Pamphlets  are 
sent  on  application. 

Gems  op  Poetry  and  Song  on 
America's  illustrious  son,  James  A.  Garlicld, 
(J.  C.  McClanuahan  &  Co.,  Columbus, 
Ohio),  is  a  neatly  gotten  up  volume  of  144 
pages.  It  is  a  compilation  of  poems  and 
letters,  written  by  various  authors,  relative 
to  the  life  and  services  of  Garfield,  together 
with  hymns  sung  at  his  funeral  obsequies. 
It  is  an  attractive  and  interesting  work,  aud 
will  be  highly  prized  by  all  admirers  of  the 
man.     Price,  by  mail,  $1.00. 

The  Book-keeper's  CoMPAxioNisthetitle 
of  a  work  or  chart  lately  prepared  by  T.  A. 
Lyle,  and  sold  by  J.  G.  Beidlemau,  202« 
Fairmont  Avenue,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  It 
shows  at  a  glance,  by  means  of  a  diagram, 
how  to  close  all  the  various  accounts  of  a 
ledger,  aod  to  obtain  a  correct  8tat«meat 


^^^f»^> 


AH  I     -lOIKNAl. 


of  the  buriness  as  regpects  reroarces  and 
liabilities,  and  gaiti.t  and  luttses;  to  book- 
keejiere  who  are  not  clear  upon  these  points 
iu  book-keeping  it  will  bo  a  convenient  and 
%-aluablf;  aid  and  guide.     Mailed  for  75  cents. 


Mu8sia.MAN*s  Practical  Book- 
just  issued,  contains  20.')  handsomely  printed 
pages,  and  treats  in  a  clear,  concise,  and 
practical  manner,  on  the  science  of  accounta 
by  singleand  double-entry  book-keeping.  So 
far  as  we  are  able  to  judge  from  an  exami- 
nation of  the  work,  it  is  one  of  merit,  D. 
L.  Musselman,  the  author,  is  a  commmercial 
teacher,  and  of  large  and  varied  experience, 
and  is  principal  of  the  Gem  City  Business 
College,  Qiiincy,  HI.  The  book  will  be 
mailed  for  $2.50. 

Packard's  CoMMBRCiAt.  Arit.imktic. 
This  work  is  advertised  in  another  column. 
The  204  Advance  Pages,  which  we  have 
received  and  examined,  seem  tu  be  all 
that  can  be  desired  as  far  as  thoy  go  for  a 
commercial  arithmetic — clear,  concise,  and 
5"  practiual,  sums  it  up.  The  Advance  Pages 
,ire  substantially  bound  in  board  covers,  and 
It.'  .-omplete  through  equation  of  payments, 
vvhich  covers  all  of  arithmetic  that  is  usual- 
ly taught  during  a  commercial  course. 
T)in  work  as  it  is,  therefore,  answers  a  good 
pill  pose  as  a  class-book  iu  business  schools, 
I  I   ii  being  extonaively  ordered   fur  that 

The  North  American  Review  for 
I  .  l.niary  is,  as  usu;il,  full  of  interest.  An  ar- 
I  I  li-  by  Andrew  D.  White,  president  of 
rnrQell  University,  on  "Do  the  Spoils  be- 
li-tii;  to  the  Victor?"  is  an  able  and  interest- 
iii;;:  appeal  for  Civil  Service  Reform,  and 
-luiuld  he  read  by  every  voter  of  this  Repub- 
lic'. President  White  traces  the  present 
-v-sioiii  from  its  origin,  under  the  administra- 
lii.n  of  Jackson,  to  the  present  time,  depict- 
iiiL'  clearly  and  forcibly  its  evil  results  and 
rmiiiu  ■  damages  to  the  public  welfare. 
I'lulerthe  title  of  ''The  Tjancet  and  the 
i-nv,"  Henry  Bergh  makes  a  savage  as- 
^•inlt  upon  the  propriety  and  efficiency  of 
v.icfiualion,  as  a  safeguard  against  smnll- 
f'.-i  and  other  contagious  diseases.  He 
[ii'iiks  of  vaccination  as  a  "hideous  mon- 
>^ity,"  loathsome,  dangerous,  and  utterly 
It'ss  as  a  protection  against  disease. 
■  'icture  do  disagree.  Other  articles  in  the 
i^\ic\v,  are  "A  Remedy  for  Riiilway 
Al.iiMOS,"  by  Isaac  L.  Rice;  "Repudiation 
iLi  Virginia,"  by  Senator  John  W.Johnston, 
:uia  "The  Christian  Religion,"  by  Prof. 
I. .-.I.  P.  Fisher,  of  Yale  Divinity  School, 
\\  liich  is  an  able  defense  of  the  supernatural 
.>rii,'in  of  the  Christian  Religion.  To  be- 
liovers,  his  arguments  will  undoubtedly  be 
mni-lusive;  whether  they  will  be  so  to  such 
■h!<iiiic  unbelievers  as  Bob  Ingersoll  is  not 


I  the 


Correction. 

Our  report  of  the  Pearce  Brothers, 

its  reference  to  card-writing,  as  the  follow- 
^Lii,'  coinniunication  from  Prof.  Plickinger 
.m.xpluiu: 

Phii-adblphia,  Pa., 
Jan.  23, 1882. 
FitiEND  Ames: 

Vou  have  been  misinformed  with  re- 
t,',iiii  til  the  Pearco  boys.  Allow  me  to 
lii.il.r  ;i  rnriix'tion.  I  have  not  been  giving 
till  III  I,  --,.u?  iu  card-writing,  but  iu practi- 
tir'  uiiiin:,'.  I  ueitbor  write  cards  nor 
w.cu  .-Hnl-wriling. 

Whi^ii  iliey  came  here  from  Washington, 
th.-y  could  write  beautifully  on  the  blauk- 
bouvd.  They  could  also  draw  lettei-s  with 
tin-  lien,  but  could  not  WTite  with  freedom. 
Ill  I'll-  .li-.it  iliiir  tlicy  have  been  with  nie, 
,i.  ,   '  i     I     N  likable  progress,  hav- 

ing I  .... I  -■■  ;■  I Lt bio  ease  and  grace  in 
Ti.r  ii-<.'  ..;   11. r  |i.  ri  Fraternally, 

H.W.  Flickinqer. 

Writing  in  Public  Schools. 
Baknosd,  Mo.,  Feb.  -Ith,  le82. 
Editors  of  Journal: — Inclosed  find  Si 
fur  the  Journal  for  one  year.  I  cjiunotdo 
without  it.  Evorv  schoolteacher  in  the 
liind  sh.mid  take  it.  Writing  is  not  proper- 
ly cired  for  out  here.  I  am  a  farmer  by 
pctiupaiiou,  but  teach  writing  tbo  best  I  oao. 


In  this  county  there  arc  167  schoolhouses, 
and  only  about  six  of  the  teachers  are  try- 
ing to  teach  writing.  What  shall  we  do  ? 
I  would  gladly  write  an  article  upon  the 
subject  for  the  Journal,  but  do  feel  that  I 
am  incapable  of  doing  it  justice ;  but,  as  time 
rolls  on,  1  shall  endeavor  to  do  my  part  to 
develop  tins  useful  art.     J.  W.  HarMAS. 

What  this  correspondent  describes  as  be- 
ing the  condition  of  writing  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  vicinity,  is  too  true  of  a  large 
proportion  of  all  the  public  schools  of  the 
land.  Writing,  if  taught  at  all,  is  done  so 
with  luck  of  int«rest  and  skill,  upon  the  part 
of  the  teacher,  which  can  only  beget  indif- 
ference, and  lead  to  failure  on  the  part  of 
the  pupil.  Writing  is  loft  to  mn  of  itself, 
and  each  pupil,  if  be  goes  it  at  all,  must 
"go  it  alone."  It  is  a  conceded,  as  it  is  an 
obvious,  fact  that  reading  and  writing  are 
the  two  most  necessary  and  useful  branches 
of  education,  and  how  it  is  that  persons  can 
presume  to  become  teachers,  or  that  bchool 
ofiicers,  whose  duty  it  is  to  examine  and 
pass  upon  the  qualifications  of  professed 
teachers,  can  permit  those  who  cannot  write 
a  creditable  hand,  and  are  utterly  ignorant  of 
the  proper  modes  of  instructing  in  writing, 
to  take  charge  of  schools,  is  surprising. 

Our  correspondent  asks,  What  shall  we 
do?  We  know  of  nothing  better  than  to 
induce  the  167  teachers,  as  well  as  the 
school  officers  of  his  county,  to  become  sub- 
scribers to  the  JouiiNAL.  If  he  will  send  us 
their  names.  We  will  mail  them  a  specimen 
copy,  and  do  our  best  to  perform  efficient 
missionary  work,  for  we  believe  that  the 
Journal  is  now  the  ranking  missionary  iu 
this  particular  field  of  reformation. 


$6oo  as  Prizes  for  Skillful 
Penmanship. 
In  another  coluum,  under  the  heading  of 
"A  Liberal  Ofler,"  will  be  found  a  communi- 
cation from  Prof.  Thomas  E.  Hill,  author 
of  "  Hill's  Manual "  and  "Hill's  Album  of 
Biography  and  Art,"  in  which  he  offers  three 
specific  prizes,  respectively,  of  three,  two  and 
one  hundred  dollars,  for  three  specimens  of 
penmanship;  and  to  purchase,  at  a  fair  remu- 
neration from  the  authors,  ton  other  speci- 
mens; which  is  an  aggregate  of  not  less  than 
$1,000,  to  be  paid  for  thirteen  specimens  of 
penmanship.  The  subjects  named  are  suffi- 
ciently numerous  and  varied  in  their  char- 
acter to  cover  the  entire  range  of  the  pen- 
man's art,  and  thus  enable  all  who  possess 
valuable  skill  to  become  competitors,  not 
alone  for  a  valuable  prize,  but  for  laudable 
fame  in  their  profession.  We  believe  that 
this  is  the  first  opportunity  ever  presented 
to  the  penmen  of  America  for  a  gi and  na- 
tional contest,  which,  through  a  series  of 
prizes,  while  directly  remunerative,  will  in- 
directly go  far  toward  establishing  the  rela- 
tive merits  of  the  leaders  of  the  profession. 
There  will  doubtless  be  a  very  general  com- 
petition fur  these  prizes,  and,  in  ibedience  to 
the  request  of  Prof.  Hill  that  we  should, 
through  the  Journal,  otter  such  suggestions 
as  we  were  able,  to  aid  penmen  tu  enter  into 
a  successful  competition  by  bringing  thclr 
productiuns  within  the  requirements  for 
photo-eugraviug,  we  utier  the  foUowina 

SUOGESTIONS  : 

First — Respecting  size  of  the  original  work 
which  will  give  the  best  effect  when  roprn- 
duced.  The  size  named  by  Mr.  Hill  is  Oxi; 
inches,  ».  e.,  the  pages  are  nine  inches  lout: 
by  six  inches  wide.  In  engraving,  the  work 
should  he  redu<^ed  at  least  one-half,  i.e.,  the 
original  should  be  18x12  inches,  aud  if  it  is 
executed  in  .strong  and  open  lines,  it  may  be 
22ixl5. 

Second—  Materials.  Use  a  fine  quality  of 
Bristol-hoard,  and  a  fine  quality  of  hlach 
India-ink,  freshly  ground  from  a  stick,  in  a 
tray  having  rain-water,  and  remove  all  pen- 
cil linos  with  sponge-rubber.  Hard  rubber 
^vill  not  only  remove  much  of  the  ink,  but 
%rill  tear  up  the  fibre  of  the  paper,  and  thus 
break  or  make  ragged  the  delionte  hair-lines, 
ffbiob  will,  therefore,  faU  of  «  ^oo4  rwUt 


when     photo- eugraved.       All    lines,    when 
work  is  finished,  must  be  entirely  black. 

Pens. — For  script  writing,  use  Gilluti's 
";Wa,"  or  Spencerian  Artistic  No.  14.  For 
fine  drawing  or  tinting,  use  the  "30:i,"  ur 
Crow  Quill.  For  flourishing,  use  Spencerian 
N'o.  1,  or  Ames's  Penman's  Favorite. 

To  those  who  may  be  unable  to  procure 
these  articles,  or  are  uncertain   respecting 
their  quality,  we  will  for^vard  them  by  mai^ 
from  this  office,  a*  follows : 
Extra  fine  three-ply  Bristol-board — 

22x28,  per  board 50 

Per  ] -2  dozen,  by  express   .     .     .2-00 

India  Ink,  per  stick 1.00 

Crow  Quill  pens,  per  doz     .     .     .     .75 
Gillott's  "303,"  per  gross  .    .     .   1.25 
Spencerian  Artistic,  per  gross  .     .   1.25 
"        No.  I,         "     "       .     .   1.25 
Ames's  Penman's  Favorite  .     .     .  1.00 
Sponge-rubber,  per  piece    ...     .60 
Since  it  is  the  desire  of  the  editors  of  the 
Journal  to  hold  an  entirely  uuprejudicod 
position  in  this  matter,  and  one  which  shall 
at  all  times  enable  them  to  do  impartial  jus- 
tice to  individual  members,  and   to  render 
the  greatest  service  to  the  entire  profession, 
they  hereby  announce  that  they  will  refrain 
from  entering  into  competition  fur  any  of  the 
ahuve-named  prizes. 

An  Appropriate  and  Interesting 
Picture  for  Home,  Schoolroom, 
or  Office. 

We  iiHV,.  on  Iiau.l  a  few  copies  of  the 
"Centennial  Picture  of  Progress,"  large  size, 
28  X  40  inches,  of  which  thousands  have 
been  sold  at  $2  per  copy.  No  more  attract- 
ive, interesting,  and  appropriate  picture,  for 
adorning  the  walls  of  a  home,  office,  or 
schoolroom,  has  ever  been  published. 

This  picture,  with  a  descriptive  key,  will 
be  mailed  as  a  premium  with  the  Journal 
one  year  for  $1.25,  or  free  to  any  one  send- 
ing $2,  and  the  names  of  two  subscribere. 

To  any  one  sending  their  own,  and  the 
TiHUies  of  two  other  suhaeribera  with  $U,  the 
pieture  will  be  mailed  as  an  extra  and 
additional  premium. 

The  following  are  a  few  among  the  many 
hundred  flattering  commondntions  of  the 
work  from  the  prr.-v  :nMi  iiuiuiiir  incu  : 


205  Brondwuy,  Nci 


the  |in\-ilege  of  seeing  it. 

V"ii  liave  iliHpluyed  nmn-eloua  Mkill  and  iDgeniiity  In 

tiiiion  (if  the   liistoiy  of  our  couotry  Vuring  tlie  part 

One,  ou  looking  upon  it,  wvi  oX  n  glaDc«  the  vrondcrflil 

period  of  its  gnnrlh. 
Th«  whole  cmf^ption  IS  grand,  itad  the  exeogtion  i» 

"  y-".\vill  please  acr^ept  the  thanks  of  the  Depnrtmenl 

II  is  a  aiirnriEinfr  exhibition  of  skill,  and  should  iidorti 
every  home  Id  our  land. — Ntui  York  School  Journal. 

work  is  fiB  wondernil  na  the  grtox  proiFTessivv  work  it 
represents.— JV.  Y.  Sunday  Ciliitti. 

It  is  a  masterpiece  of  penmaoship,  and  a  pictiira  of 
grejit  hiBlorii!  interest — Manufacturer  and  Duitdtrr. 

It  is  an  elubonit«  and  remnrkitble  pen -plot  ure.—frootlyn 

\\  is  a  moslerpiei-s  of  pntienoe  and  skill,  by  far  the  inoit 
l>,n  Daily  Uuion.  "  veeversMU—    r 

It  is  the  most  romurkiiblo  prodii«llon  of  tha  pen  v/m  have 
ev«r  eeea.— Syracuse  (N.  Y.)  Daiti/  Standard. 

Its  exc«llenoie0  vriU    oertaluly  attmot    nlleutlon   and 


ne    in    our    ]imi\.—Eli*abtth    (If.  J.j  Daily 


e.  Sptakn-  of  Houtt  of  Riprui  n 


b  deoUn 


toriA  paptn  wblcb  deoUn  Uw  (vlacijilM  wUut  taff 


>  ipwiti 
Uob  to 


Witliawt  Cwrfw.  W.  A'cw  BrighbU.  SfaUn  MaiU.  x!V. 

The  CMtmnlitl    Pictoi*  of   Pm^rMa  in  lh*    United 

Slntn,  It  ODfUinly  a  work  uf  rnnt  interNL—ftr  Bdieant 

Stom  during  the  ^ivat  Centennial. — }fie/totai  Skishkin. 
Ruuian  MinuUr,  WtuhingtoH.  D.  C. 

It  Is  a  marvel  of  penmanship,  and  an  extrooidinafy 
Piolnre  of  Pro^frees. — If.  Y.  Dot  Ig  Bxprtu. 

ibly  in^nioof  and  bcoiitlful  pieliir*.— 


n  up  in  splendid  stylo,  and  «hould  raM 
otm.~Saugertitt  (X.  Y.j  TtUffmiA. 
(  the  most  boaiitirnl  spocimens  of  pen 

'.  H.  Russell,  of  the  . 


e  Centennial  Fietiira  of  Progress,"  draTrn 


lehome.  eto-Jollrt  f/j^j 


A  Growing  and  very  Encouraging 
Record. 

Since  the  first  day  of  the  new  year,  there 
has  been  added  to  the  subscription- lists  of 
the  Journal  1,175  names,  while  corre- 
spondents would  seem  to  have  vied  with  each 
other  in  the  bestowal  of  compliments  and 
praise  upon  the  Journal.  Below  is  given 
a  mere  fragment  of  the  correspondence  for 
the  month  of  January ;  complete,  the  col- 
umns of  the  entire  Journal  would  not 
contain  it. 

It  will  be  observed  that  during  a  single 
month  club-lists  were  received  from  no  less 
than  eighteen  business  colleges  and  five 
normal  schools,  aggregating  alone  upward 
of  four  hundred  subscriptions. 

This  is,  by  no  means,  an  e-vceptional  re- 
cord; it  was  surpassed  in  December,  and 
equalled  during  several  other  months,  and 
the  future  is  ominous  of  a  still  better  re- 
cord for  February.  There  are  now  few 
business  colleges  or  normal  schoids  in  this 
<:ountry  or  Canada,  from  which  clubs  of 
subscribers  have  not  been  received. 

BU8LVE.SS  UxiVliRSITY. 
RocHESTKH,  N.  y.,  Jan.  14,  'd2. 
Prof.  D.  T.  A.mes  : 

Dear  Sir, — After  calling  the  attention  of  our 
Htudenta  to  a  copy  of  the  Penman's  Art 
Journal,  and  its  uniform  excellence,  we 
invited  BubflcriptioHB,  and  the  inclosed  fifty- 
four  nam«8  i»  (h^  result  of  our  first  eftori. 
We  are  cutivinrccl  that  rhe  number  of  your 
patrons  wuulil  I..-  iii<i,wvi|  im-fold  if  our  com- 

niercSalBi'liuiil,-  :-- jimi.  i  .Jly  upprecialtdhovv 

iin^ortaui  a  t.irr,,,  IN  ili.  iiu-,'-  of  practical  edu- 
cation, tliH  .)(n  IN  \i,  iKi>  bccmue.  Hoping 
your  Buccesw  may  cuitiniie,  we  remain, 


Hocii 


I  Bus 


i  UXIVEIfSnT, 


Old  D«.mi.\i()n  Bdsink.ss  Collkok. 

Richmond,  Va.,  Jan.  I'J.  1882. 
Inclosed  1  hand  you  a  money-order  fur  ten 
BubBcrihers  to  the  JouitNAL. 

Gko.  M.  NlcoL. 

Iowa  City  Commercial  Collegk. 
Iowa  City,  Jan.  13,  liki2. 
You  will  find  inclosed  a  post-office  ordur  to 
pay  for  the  iuclosed  list  of  twenty-eighi  mib- 
Bcribera  to  thi>  JOURNAL,  A.  S.  DENNIS. 

Umveksity  of  De8  MOINKS, 
Des  Moines,  Iowa.  Jan.  ^5,  !««;. 
Incloeed  you   will   find   th«  names  of  nine 
^.ll^)ecril)era  to  the  Journal,  with  nioney-nrder 
III  pay  for  eame.  J.  M.  I'lLc'uER. 

Spencerllv  lii-sixf^-^  rnrt.rf^t:, 
MlJ\\  ^^ 
Incloeed  find  list  uf  (.uIimi-iI.i-i  -  i..i  ili, 
N.\L,  numbering  fit^y-eif^iii,  wiiii  iliaii  ■ 
York  to  pay  forsamt;.     1  bIjuII,  uu  lioul 


in,  1882, 


Pierce's  Union  Bu8INi:9S  College, 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Jan.  17,  lH8-i. 
Incloacd   I   send    vou  aeven  dollars  and  thu 
numea  of    seven   euDBcribers  to  the  .loUKNAL, 
with  beat  winhes.  H.  W.  (YlCKlNGl^K. 

Schi;hrer'8  BrstXEss  College. 

CVLVESTOX,  TKX..  Jan.  19,  1882. 
I  Bend  you  a  club  of  thirty  numes  for  lbs 
JOURKAI.,  with  the  money. 


BvrrAJjn  BrsixEss  Coujcgk, 

BuvFAho.  N.  Y.,  Jan.  19.  '82. 

Yon  will  find  incIoBH,  monsy-ordep  to  pay 

for   wixly-onf-   nubBcriplionB  to  the   JocbsaL. 

We  priue  the  paper  vt-ry  highly.  »nd  I  expwt 


Mitchell.  Lnd.,  Jui.  W,  lees. 
Inc1oM>d    finil   iulmtantisl    »Tid»DC«   of    my 
hiph  appreciation  «f  the  .IoubSaI.,  in  a  roonty- 
order  lo  pay  the  subBcriprion  for  the  exx.  pwr- 
m,m  namfd  fiL-rein.  A.  W.  DUDLKY. 

HfXiiAs'8  Business  College, 
Worcester.  Mass.,  Jan.  2, 1882. 
IncUiacd  find  the  names  of  oix  fliibocrib^rM  to 
l\f  JuVllSAI^  A.  H.   HIN.MAN. 

SpRIVOFIElJ>,lLL.,BU9rXE*isCOLLnGE, 
Jan.  21, 1882. 
IiidoBed  I  iend  you  six  uanaes,  with  money- 
Bvear. 
H.  W.  Hebron. 


order  for  the  JOURNAL  o 


IlAXyiTM'S  BUSINKSS  COLLEOE. 

Hartford,  Conn.,  Jan.  10,  1882. 
Inc'Iofwd  I  Rcnd   check  to  pay  for  the  JouB- 

NAI,.  tol)«»  '     ■ 

puntonH. 

KocKFORD,  III.,  Commercial  College, 
Jan.  31,  1882. 
I  inko  pl<>ajinrc  in  nending  (lie  enclosed  list  of 
foiirtven  ttiibscribere  to  your  miicli  prized  JOUR- 
NAL.    May  it  continne  to  be  what  it  is — the 
bmt  publication  of  its  kind  extant. 

H.  A.  Stodard. 
Foi.som'8  BuaiNKss  College, 
Albany.  N.  Y. 
Iiii-h»ii-d  find  check  to  pay   for  the  acconi- 
piinyinK  liet  of  nixty-threc  BtibBcriberB 


roi 


I  &  Carhaut. 


I-'^.  Worth,  Tex.,  Business  College, 
Jan.  28,  1882. 
I  inclose  money-order  to  pay  for  twenty-five 
luhscrihers  to  the  Journal — all  students  of 
Mir  college.    This  list  v/hb  made  up 


I  expect  to  send  another  list 


HOLMFJ?  CO.MMERCIAL  COI.LEGE, 

Fall  Rn-ER.  Mass..  .Jan.  18,  '82. 
I  Rend  enclosed  names  and  in»ney  order  for 
e»  more  subscribers  for  your  excellent  paper. 
More  soon.  V.  A.  Holmf.8. 

N.  W.  Ohio  Normal  School, 

Ada.  Ohio.  .Jan.  IH,  1882. 
Inclosed  find  draft   to  pay  for  thirty   sub- 


M-iNSFIELD.  Tfjc.,  Jan.  .1.  1882. 
Tind  inclosed  (1  for  the  Journal.     It  is 
houoehold   uecessity  and  should  be  in  every 


I  thee 


Gem  Citv  Busi.\f-s8  College, 

QuiNcr,  III..  Jan.  7.  1882. 

I  have  the  JOURNAL  for  three  years  bound 

and  lying  in  my  penmanship  department  for 

examination   by  the  studente  and   use  of  the 

teachers.  '  D.  L.  MussF-LMaN. 

From  Prof.  Musselman's  college  there  came 
last  month  a  club  of  one  hundred  Bubscribers. 

Michaf.ls'Pf«\  A«t  Hall. 
Delawaiik.  O.,  Jan.  31. 1682. 
Inclosed  find  money-order  and  twenty-five 
namee,  subscribers  to  the  JOURNAL. 

W.  B.  HERLOrKER. 

Lowell.  Mass.,  Jan.  14, 1882. 
Inclosed  I  send  names  of  sixteen  subscribers 
lo  the  JODRNAL.  with  money-order.     1  expect 
to  send  another  club  in  February. 

L.  E.  KiMUALL,  Card  Writer. 
North  Liukrty,  I.nd.,  Jan.  23,  1882. 
The  JOUKNAI,  for  January  has  been  received, 
read  and  re-read.     It  is  alone  worth  the  price 
of  the  eubecrtptioii.  D.  H.  Snoke. 

Spring  Ahuor,  Jan.  27,  1889. 
Evry  number  of  your  JouRNAI.  is  worth 
ite^veight  in  gold.  Kev.  R.  Bridgman. 

Charlkstown,  Mass.,  Jan.  21, 1882. 
I  renew  my  subscriptiou  lo  your  Journal 
%vith  pleasuiv.     I  should  be  sorry  to  be  without 
the  reading  of  it. 

Albert  S.  .Southworth. 


BA^I^.Is  CoM.MERciAL  College, 
DrBrquE.  Iowa,  Jan.  18.  1882. 
UmeA    find    my   order   and    the  names  of 


British  North  Am  BusinessColieoe 
Toronto,  Canada  Jau  24  1882 
Inclosed  find  $15.00  lo  pay  for  the  fiflee    e 


South  Bend,  Ind.,  Jan.  20. 1882. 
For  the  incloBed  81.75  send  the  Journal  to 
F.  P.  Pruitt.  I  ^^^  *'"'  "*™*"'  inrlosed.     1  would  not  do  with- 
*  "   it  for  $10.     I  would  never  have  thought 


t  could  do  BO  much  for 

ook  a  lesson  in  penmanship  lu  my  life. 

J.  Howard  Kerler. 
Mr    Keeler    v     es  a  ha    1    that     vould  do 
onor  to  Bon  e  of  our  profess  o  als 


Em> 


Pa    Jan  2i  1882 
renew  my  subscnp 


K.  M.  Leon  A 

Sac  Citv.  Iowa,  Jan.  17.  1H82. 

Inclosed  find  $1.00  to  renew  my  subs-ri] 

tion.     The  JOURNAL  is  a  bad  paper 

for.     When  you  get  started  you  can  t  ntop.  ii  is 

BO  interesting.  A.  W,  Hniiiis. 

SUcomb,  Ij.l.,  Jan.  2.  1882. 
I  am  intruduotiigthe  Journal  to  the  teachers 
of  (his  place.     Inclosed  you  will  find  the  names 
of  four  with  money-onler. 

Ma-xwell  Kenxki>y. 

Harrisburo.  Pa.,  Jan.  12.  1882. 
Inclosed  you  will  find  $1.00  for  which  mail 
the  JoURNAX.  One  year.     Any  one  who 


valuable  a  paper. 


C.  E.  Garne 


United  States  Treasury, 
Washington,  D.  C,  Jan.,  2.  1882. 
Inclosed  is  $1.00  to  renew  my  subscription 
to    your   valuable    and     unrivaled      penman's 
paper.  J.  W.  Swank. 

KeWanee,  III,  Jan.  13,  1882. 

Within  find  $1.00.  for  which  eend  the  Pkn- 
man's  Art  Journal.  I  have  made  very 
great  improvement  u»der  its  teachings. 

C.  W.  Pay.vr. 
Media,  Pa.,  January  4,  1882, 

Inclosed  please  find  one  dollar  to  renew  my 
subscription.  I  congratulate  you  on  the  bril- 
liant success  you  are  accomplishing.  You  de- 
serve a  heavy  subscription  for  so  admirable  a 
paper.  W.  P.  HAMMOND. 

Mr  Ildiiiiiii'iid  will  be  remembered  by  many 
(,f  ooi  ,,1.1. r  i-ii.  iH  jiH  one  of  the  amlinm  of 
tbcwll  kii..*vii  r..ri.-['and  Hammond  system 
ofpL-mu;uu^lup. 

Pleasant  Hall,  Pa.,  Jan.  31, 1882. 
I  eend  you  a  club  of  fifteen  names  out  of 
my  present  class.     Ii  will  be  a  welcome  visitor 
in   every  family  represented   in  the  clasB.      I 
will  be  able  to  send  you  another  club  soon. 

W.  D.  Speck. 


Springfield  Mas'*    Jan  19  1882 
Inclosed  find  one   lolla      o  rene  v     y  sub 
flcrpton    to     le  Journal      I  p  ize         er 
h  gf  ly      It    e  a  g  eat  1  elp   o  me       mv  teacl' 
ng  AnvaE  Hih. 

Miss  H  II    s  nu  accompl  si  ed  wr  ler  a  d 
the  spec  a      eacher  of  w   t  ug    n   the  p  b 
o       f  =!|     ngfi     I 


Lowell.  Mass.,  Jan.  7,  1882. 
Inclosed  find  one  dollar  to  renew   my  sub 
scriptton    to  the  Art  Journ'al.     t   prize  it 
highly  and  preserve  them  all.      .1.  C.  COHi'RN. 

The  Penman's  J. r<  Journal  ftir  Deccmb-  r 
is  H  roiimrkable  uuinbcr,  consisting  of  six- 
teen pages  of  matter  iDteresttng  to  hII  lovers 
of   the   pen-art.     Its   notHble   features  «ro 
some  finely  executed  photo-engraved  ci>i»ie8 
I  of  poii-Mork.     A  specimen  of  a  dipl'tniu  f(tr 
the   Napa   Collegiate   Institute,  a   Garlield 
memorial,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  the  Bounding 
Stag,  and  other  equally  fiuo  flourished  and 
I  engrossed  pieces  aj  pear.     The  Journal  is 
I  one  of  the  finest  class  papers  published,  and 
I  one  need  not  be  a  professional  pentnau  to 
I  appreciate  its  merits.     It  is  supplied  at  ih(» 
noininal  sum  of  $1  per  yoar.     Published  at 
205  Broiulway,  New  York.     Subscriptions 
j  may  be   left  at  this   office. — The  Library 
'  Journal,  Alameda,  Cal. 

Prizes  for  Penmanship. 
Chicago,  III.,  Jan.  1.%  1882. 

Kditor  Penman's  Art  Journal:— As 
a  means  of  fencouragoment  to  penmen  and 
pen-artists  of  the  coimtiy,  to  perfect  them- 
•selvps  in  a  knowledge  of  pen-drawing  and 
nourishing,  with  a  view  to  reproduction 
through  the  process  of  photo -engraving,  I 
make  this  proposition : 

For  the  most  artistic  spooimen  of  pen- 
drawing  and  fiouiishing,  to  be  owned  by 
myself  afterward,  executed  on  a  sheet  such 
as  to  piiotograph  clearly  down  to  a  sizR  of 
■'Hill's  Manual"  page,  six  by  nine  inches, 
I  will  give  three  hundred  dollars ;  for  second 
best,  I  will  give  two  hundred  dollars;  and  for 
the  third  best,  I  will  give  the  owner  one 
hundred  dollars.  For  the  nest  ten  best,  I  will 
pay  a  fair  price,  such  as  may  be  agreed  upon 
between  the  owners  and  a  coimnittee  ap- 
pointed to  negotiate  for  their  purchase. 

These  premium -specimens,  together  with 
the  thers  1  oh  ay  be  selected,  I  will 
ha  e  reprod  ed  each  n  the  highest  style  of 
tl  e  art  v  th  the  na  e  of  the  artist  attached, 
fully  n  tl  e  b  1  ef  that  the  work  when  com- 
pleted V  11  do  bono  to  the  artistic  genius 
et  St    g  a    u  g  tl  e  p  n  nen  of  our  country. 


1  "' 


rA«  or,j,„a(  /„„  „AjfA  rtr  a4o„  »,  „a.  jUu^^nd  ,™,  ^ud  ij,  J.   C.  ililUr,  fc^n  at  A!U«',  Bu. 


Cdlltyt.  MainltM,  Va 


JJXiKAPH  f  i:  LEPfflENT 


Duplicate  ^1.50. 


The  subjects  selected  fur  tbU  exhibition 
c-f  ilie  pen  ftrtists  may  consist  of  portraits 
of  Washington,  surrouuded  by  a  suitable 
wuidiny;,  Abraham  Lincoln,  U.  S.  Grant,  or 
James  A.  Garfield.  The  Declaration  of 
Independence,  the  Emancipation  Procla- 
iiuition,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  Family  Record, 
"F  a  set  of  coniplinientary  resolutions. 

Or  they  may  consist  of  the  Capitol  build- 
iiie:  at  Washington,  sun-ouuded  by  suitable 
uxinliufj;,  sotne  national  monument,  some 
well-known  edifice,  or  some  great  parlt,  ac- 
r.iinpanied  by  description. 

Or  it  may  represent  a  beautiful  home  with 
Kci-uosin  home  life,  and  suitable  inscriptions. 

Or  it  may  include  a  beautiful  in  sentiment 
Iinotry,  samples  of  which  will  be  furnished 
till'  Journal  as*  copies  in  the  next  number. 

These  specimens  to  be  ready  for  examina- 
tiun  at  the  oflSco  of  the  Penman's  Art 
•lutiRNAL,  or  some  hall  chosen  for  the 
jHirpose,  on  October  1st  of  this  year.  The 
si>Leimens  may  be  examined,  and  the  pre- 
iniiiins  awarded  by  a  committee  of  five 
superior  penmen  chosen  by  the  exhibitors. 

lu  furtherance  of  this  object,  I  desire,  Mr. 
IMitor,  if  this  proposition  secures  your  aji- 
piuval,  to  have  you  lend  such  suggestions 
Ik  tlie  penmen  of  the  country  as  will  secure 
their  co-operation  and  competition  fur  these 
I'lizes,  as  in  so  doing  they  will  become 
1  niversant  with  the  means  by  which  copy  is 
i>,Mt  prepared  for  photo-engraving  and  thus 
tlicy  may  establish  themselves  in  pennanent 
trnployment.  Thos.  E.  Hill. 


A,  H.  n.,  Halifax,  N.  S.-  Will  pcn- 
uoiU.  executed  with  David's  or  Arnold's 
.liipan  ink,  answer  for  photo-engraving  f 
Ans. — No.  Nothing  but  jet-black  India 
iiiU  will  do  for  execuliug  worit  to  be  repro- 
litiocd  either  by  photo-lithography  or  photo- 
^- 11  graving. 

J.  A.  W.,  Mobile,  Ala.— We  give 
u"  instruction  in  writing,  except  through 
llie  .louRNAL,  u<  r  do  we,  under  any  circum- 
stances, send  specimens  of  our  peumanship. 
Should  we  uudertake  to  do  so  to  all  appli- 
■  Muts,  we  should  be  obliged  to  "suspend 
l>u.-iiiiess,  and  discontinue  the  publication  of 
The  Journal,  for  want  of  time. 

J.  E.  H,,  New  Haven,  Conn.— Can  ladies 
•-'V'?r  attain  to  as  great  skill  and  freedom,  in 
iu  the  use  of  the  forearm  movement,  aa 
t'.iiilemen  t    .4m.— We  know  of  no  reason 


why  they  may  not, 
and  we  think  tlie 
why  they  do 
not  so  frequently  do 
so,  is  that  they  do 
not  so  often  engage 
iu  occupations  that 
demand  long-con- 
tinued and  rapid 
writing,  wherein  the 
muscular  movement 
i-i  so  very  essential. 

A.  J.  A.,  Seattle,  W.  T.— Please  answer 
the  following  in  your  Correspondence  col- 
umn :  Ist,  Which  is  the  best  tor  nourish- 
ing;—  Japan  or  India  ink  f  Atis. — Japan, 
if  it  is  not  to  bo  reproduced  by  a  photo- 
graphic process.  2d.,  Are  there  any  other 
penman's  papers  published  in  the  United 
States,  besides  yours  and  Gaskell's  ?  Ans. — 
No.  3d.,  What  is  the  best  pen  forllourish- 
ingf  Ans. — Spencerian,  No.  1,  and  Ames's 
Penman's  Favorite. 

D.  H.  S.,  West  Liberty,  Ind.— What  is 
the  proper  distance  between  the  ruled  lines 
on  paper,  and  how  is  this  which  I  usef 
Ans. — Your  paper  's  rather  wide  ruled; 
about  three-eighths  of  an  inch  between  the 
ruled  Hues  of  paper  is  best  adapted  for  most 
practical  purposes.  Wide-ruled  paper,  like 
yours,  is  used  for  writing  sermons  and  lec- 
tures, as  it  admits  of  large,  bold  writing 
wliich  may  be  read  at  a  distance,  and  also 
of  interlineations  where  corrections  or 
changes  are  necessary  in  the  original  com- 
position. There  should  be  no  change  of  the 
position  of  person,  or  paper,  in  executing 
capital  stems  or  ovals. 


'iaUed  for  ^l.oO. 


TIte  above  cats  are  •plioto-engraved  from  our 
oum  pen-and-inkcopy,  and  are  given  at  epecimens 
of  ptn-work  practically  applied  to  commercial 
purposes. 


In  this  connection 
I  would  also  say  to 
professionals  and 
others  interested,  let 
us  have  a  penmen's 
convention. 

Yours,  very  truly, 
C.  E.  Cady. 


New  York,  Jan.  2d, 
Editors   of  the  Journal;  — Ci 
tell  how  many  professioual  penmen  tlie 


In  reply  to  Bro- 
ther Cady's  question 
we  can  only  approximate  the  number  of 
penmen;  but,  accordmg  to  the  best  of  our 
information,  there  are  engaged  as  profes- 
sional teachers,  authors  and  pen-artists  iu 
the  United  States,  between  five  and  six  hun- 
dred persons — certainly  enough  to  make  a 
lively  convention. 


instead  of  a 


Methods  of  Teaching  Penmanship 

ANALYTICAL  AND   SYNTHETICAL. 

Many  excellent  teachers  entertain  widely 
different,  views  in  regard  to  the  proper 
method  of  teaching  writing.  Some  adhere 
very  closely  to  the  analytical  method,  and 
strongly  insist  on  the  necessity  of  the  rigid 
analysis  of  letters  in  order  to  "  reveal  their 
constituent  parts."  With  glass  and  dividers 
in  hand,  they  proceed  to  the  minute  exam- 
ination of  the  various  parts  of  letters,  and, 
we  fear,  too  often  over-estimate  the  impor- 
tance of  forming  letters  that  will  "analyze," 
and,  by  their  instructions,  make  their  pupils 
captious  critics   rather    than    easy   legible 


Others  equally  positive  in  their  views — 
and  this  class  is  rapidly  increasing  at  the 
present  time— deny  the  value  of  analysis  in 
teaching  penmanship,  and  assert  that  the 
synthetical  method  is  the  only  true  method. 
They  claim  that  the  human  eye  can  as  clear- 
in  tlie  United  States?  By  professional  pen-  ;  ly  perceive  the  formation  and  characteristics 
men  I  mean  those  who  have  been  teaching  |  of  a  letter  when  presented  as  a  single  form, 
two  or  three  years,  or  who  have  established  ;  as  when  the  letter  is  broken  up  into  its  re- 
a  reputation  as  teachers.  The  publicatiou  spective  parts.  This  specious  argument  has 
of  any  facts  relative  to  so  prominent  a  branch  I  caused  many  to  turn  away  from  the  misused, 
of  education  as  penmanship  lias  a  tendency  I  and  in  some  cases  overworked,  analytical 
t^»  give  unity  and  strength  to  the  profes-  j  meth*td,  and  led  them  to  declare  in  favor 
to  dignify  the  teacher's  calling,  and  in-     of  the  synthetical  as  more  productive  of  good 


directly  to  benefit  pupils. 

I  am  led  to  ask  yon  this  question  from  the  ; 
St  you  have  taken  in   the  subject, 


well  as  that  from  your/  position  as  editor  and  '  sary 


results.  This  we  cannot  admit,  for  as 
as  pupils  are  scrawlers  before  they  are 
graphists,  as  long  as  scientists  find  it  i 


publisher,  yon  know  something  about  i 


I  long  I 


I  analyze  and  classify,  iu  short,   t 
I  a  part  is  less  or  simpler  than 


whole,  we  firmly  believe  that  a  proper  u 
of  the  analytical  and  synthetical  methods, 
supplemented  by  the  intelligent  work  of  an 
earnest  teacher,  will  be  productive  of  the 
best  results.  An  astute  philosopher  has 
well  said  that  analysis  and  synthesis,  though 
commonly  treated  as  two  methods,  are,  if 
properly  understood,  only  the  necessary 
parts  of  the  same  method.  Each  is  the  re- 
lative and  correlative  of  the  other. 

Before  deciding  what  particular  method 
of  teaching  it  is  best  to  employ,  in  a  given 
case  it  will  first  be  necessary  to  inquire, 
What  is  the  object  in  view  t 

If  the  pupil  is  to  become  an  adept  in  pen 
art,  a  teacher  of  penmanship,  careful  in- 
struction in  the  analysis  of  letters  will  be  of 
vital  importance  to  him,  for  unless  he  is 
thorouglily  familiar  with  the  elements  and 
laws  of  his  art,  he  can  never  attain  to  high 
rank  in  his  profession.  When  analysis  in 
writing  is  properly  employed,  there  can  be 
no  legitimate  objection  to  its  use  ;  but  when 
hobby"  and  becomes  an  end 
^ans  to  an  end,  then  it  be- 
U  a  rule,  the  more  at- 
tention the  penman  devotes  to  analysis,  the 
slower  he  will  write  ;  and  ibis  we  heUeve  is 
one  of  the  prime  reasons  for  the  outcry 
against  the  analytical  method.  However, 
the  charge  is  not  wholly  valid.  Legibility 
is,  we  believe,  always  placed  first  in  the  list 
of  chirographic  virtues.  No  writer  who 
gives  careful  heed  to  "  the  principles  "  ever 
writes  illegibly.  This  is  an  important  point 
which  the  reformers  will  do  well  to  heed. 

If  the  pupil  desires  to  learn  to  write  a 
plain,  rapid  business  hand,  without  special 
reference  to  its  conformity  to  conventional 
standards,  then  we  do  not  deem  analysis  of 
paramount  importance,  tliough  if  might  still 
be  profitably  employed.  For  private  learners 
and  for  home  practice,  perhaps  the  synthe- 
tical method  is  the  best;  for  practical  school 
work  it  should  always  be  used  in  connection 
with  its  opposite. 

It  is  true  that  the  synthetical  method, 
which  is  not  critically  scientific,  tends  to  de- 
velop individuality  of  style,  but  it  will  never 
produce  an  ideal  standard,  for  it  encourages 
the  violation  of  fundamental  rules,  and, 
pushed  to  its  logical  scquenc^e,  it  would 
prove  that  the  lawless  verse  of  the  eccentric 
Whituiau  and  the  strikingly  original  paint- 
ings of  Tintoretto,  which  violate  all  known 
laws  of  art,  are  respectively  the  finest  speci- 
mens of  poetry  and  painting  extant.  Ex- 
tremes are  seldom  or  never  right.  Find  the 
golden  mean  and  adhere  to  it. — Teacher's 
Guide.  ^_ 

The  Standard  Practical  Penmanship  is 
not  yet  ready,  but  iB  promised  by  the  pub- 
Ushers  soon. 


pl®#f«- 


-^  -V'  ^^^TJ^AU'j^tfSljVfe^^ 


AU.IXOS 

SUPERIOR  WRITING   INKS, 

AND  OFFICE  MUCILAGE. 


Writing,  Copying,  Marking,  Indelible,  Stamping,  Japan, 

Stylographic,  Sympathetic,  Gold,  Silver.  White 

and  Transfer 


IN^KS. 


ALLING'S  JAPAN  INK  afford*  n  finer  1ln>.  n  blncl..-. 
hue.  a.  richer  lustre,  aud  greoler  continuity  tliiui  iDclini 

Tbo  moat  nipld  iind  elabomto  flouijihM  run  Ih>  Pif 
jutwl  therewirti.  witlioiit  breaWpe  ih«  perfect  ll-.w  of  ii>k 
[t  IS  nnnriillp.l  f.ir  OroBineotal  I'ennmiiiliiii.  CnrrUi.  Mu 
lie,  Cunrnul  undDUplav  Writing. 

ALUNG'S  GOLD,  SILVER,  AND  WHITE  INKS,  ll."^ 
freely,  n'u.l.-nii(f    the  Uirlitcsl  Btrtiken    rtrfwHy  I'ffiW. 


t  Uluok.    Ttiese 


it  wfitet  black,  flows 


77(6  above  euta  are  photo-enffraved  from  our  own  pen-and-ink  ropy  by  the  Moss  Evgravmrj  Co.,  5S5  Pearl  Street,  and  are  given  at 
gpedmem  of  ptn-draving  and  Uttering  photo-engraved,  and  also  at  tpecimens  of  the  ncxo  College  Currennj,  which  we  are  now  prepared 
to  fumith  by  return  of  mail  or  expreta  at  very  reatonalile  ratei.  CIIiCVLAR,  giving  full  information,  with  specimens  of  both  large 
and  tmall  cnrrf-nnj.  trnt  on  reqottt. 

Dupliratet  of  cithrr  of  tit  nhove  cuts,  aUo  of  the  denomiTiationt  of  Ttoo'e  and  Ten'x,  triU  he  acnt  for  pf.GO.  They  will  he  found  an 
attractive  iUuffmlion  for  catalogues  and  r^irculara  o/  institutions  teaching  actual  husxnesa. 


1,  per  grow  (packed  In  J-gro.  wood 


PeiunanH  Ink  Cabinot,  No.  S. 

PliR-E,  Srt.OO. 


THE  PACKARD  COMMERCIAL  ARITHMETIC, 

By  S.  S.  PACKARD.  I'iiksidest  of  Packahd's  Business  Colixgr,  and 

ALTHOU  OI'    TlIK    HitYANT  AND  StbaTTON  BoOK-KEEPING  SERIES, 

And    BYRON    HORTON.  A.  M.,  PniNcirAL  of  Matitematical   Department  or 
Packard's  Business  College. 


lis  ad<n)nco-iheet«  of  tbia  projeolad  work,  t 
of  300  po^M.  havo  been  neatly  bound  and  . 
u))ectiun  and  luo.  In  &c(.  at  thoy  aland.  I 
I  a  treallie  wliioli,  in  man/ respects,  la  In  ai 
1  complole  worhs  on  tbe  aubjoot.     This  ii 


e  fmdy  ,  colleges  uf  the  country.    ,    .    . 
'*'  *'*"'  ariiok  (O.)  busikkbs  Coll; 


d  hewiiue  Ihey  lire  ptuduoed  in  adtanet  \ 
work,  which  will  oonlain  300  pages  of  I 
latorial,  auch  as  elpOT^hondod  teoohers 
!« tlioraugb  arithmeticians  uid  ooconnt- 
D  rpac^  throwa  away  Id  long-winded  ex-  | 


d  lypogTupliy  are  ir 


1;  and  neither  are  tl 


Gainkbvii. 


K  NoiuiAi.  School, 


IP  pulillpatlon  office.    This,  of  couree.  does 
>«T.  but  it  afrords  the  publisher  an  oppor- 

g  oxtmoi*.  from  a  few  of  the  many  letters 

ELMIIIA  BUHIKBSli  COI.IJIOR,  ) 

ElJLllltA,  Jan.  17.  1882.  J 
oil  may  send  mn  oii»  doz.  copies  of  tbe 
I  of  ycmr  new  urithmetlo.    1  am  pleased 
by  expms  immediately. 

A.J.  WAttXBit,  Principal. 

LWCOLX  ACAliRUT,  I 

DAHAtMacoTTA,  Mx.,  Jan.  IB,  1889.  j 

iniid,    I  like  11.    Uui  I  get  eaoiigh  copies 
MS  niouvet    I  have  a  class  Just  flnisbtng 

CUAa.  A.  BUIOK,  Priooipal. 


y  puaaes  thorough  exaii 

I  will  bo,  ,  why  would  it 

lies;  and  I  edlllona.    one 

peitwlU  I  "heet8.andlb 

ine.  does  I        BuYAKT  a 


AMD  COLLRCI 

.    .     I  have  i: 
a  copy  ol  ilic  I 


Edwin  p.  Catbr,  Principal. 

COMMBSCIAL  SCBOOIn  \ 


II.  E.  UlIlUAlID. 


ding 


Oakla.mi, 


I  .    .    .    .    Your  Btlvatice  sUeeta  received  lut  Saiur- 

I  day.    I  brought  fhe  aileiilion  of  the  board  of  educatiou 

ELKIIAIIT,  LxD.,  Jan.  17,  1882.  I?  "'^,^'''"  S^SL"^*"  *^''"'''^-    "^^"Y  "'  ""**  oniered 

Am  rxcectllnaly  well  pl«nM,<d  with  M.    Put  roe  down* for  '?  pMaent  shape.      When    It  is   complete,  eiicc«edinff 

Uif  i-ouiplcle  work.                                 H.  A.  Mumaw.       ,  ^'"V*? '»'"  P^whase  Uat  yourrolail  nooe,  »1.50.  .  .  .. 

OttfRswini  AOAi-KUT               1       j  "^'"IJf*'!"™  •«  "art  with.    1  also  wanl^rce^prw  for 

Eaht  O.Li  1  N,N  1.  II,  R   I,.  j;.„.  XA.  1883.  J  hiSSaohorff  ""*  '''*^"  *""*  ""'-VV;  P^Cr-AWOTX^  *"'  "" 

Commereiiil    Anii.M                 '    i    I'ww"'^"'™  Principal  Tompkins  School. 

bnntly  gbidtliiK  ; .  i.  uf  that  Wnd 


Literary  and  Commercial. 


Ag*-n(l«-.nan  of  experience  here 
b.v  solicits  t'orrespondence  witli 
'iioine  first-cld«6  Institution.  Busi. 
news  Oolleae  preferred.  le  a  grad^ 
iiate  of  both  a  Literar.v  and  Com 
Ti^^roial  College.     Has  been  aprac-  j  Offlce  of  Jamko  Tick, 


FHKD.    D.  AI.LINO, 
INK  MANrPACTURER.   ROCHESTER,  ] 
samples.  o     os  a  can    reque 


ral  Book-Ueeper  and  Accountant, 
«d  for  manv  vears    a  Teach. 
:ominerc-i.il     Branches,    inclu 

Address.  ABC, 
a  31  Care  of  D.  T.  Ame 


Seedsn 


Rochester,  K.Y.,  Jun.  i 


COMBINATIONS. 


executed  in  tbe  higliest  onler  of 
ipt  ol  25  cents.    C.  H.  PEIRCE. 


■tn  cAi 


A.E.DEWH(JRST,] 


I     violet,  purple,  yellow,  bnjwn,  gold."  siK^-Vf' 
WELLS  SWIFT.  Mario'oville.  Ouonilaga  Co.',° 


TO  THE  PROPRIETORS 

BUSINESS  "colleges. 


The  fact  is  apparent  that  the  Commercial  Colleges 
and  Impmctical  Ideas  of  n  few  yeara  puat;  and  It  in  oooi 
style  of  writing  heretofore  tuiight  is  not  acceptable  to  tlio  i 


In  response  to  this  demand,  and  for  the  puriiu«c  of  bringing  about  beller  n^iilii 
anged  and  bod  engraved  a  series  of  copies,  based  on  ihc  requirements  of  buslnwa  as  a 


We  1 


nd  literary  men 
laoged  the  seal 


t.  and  capital  letlera  twirled  and  twlst«d.  and  shaded,  unt 
Til«n  plain,  praellcal  luind,  wlUioutspendlngulilu-timeln  H 
lirod  of  so  muoli  flourish.     We  have  tried  to  omit  from  oui 


so  unlrenally  made,  t 

No  claim  ia  mai 

iutrimdea  and  beautlc 


o  destmctlv 


luls  and  looped  letters  are  shorier  in  proportion  t»»  tho  cootraotud 
Bg  to  do  Bwoy  with  the  large,  uugaioly  capitals  and  long  loops, 
at  iKidy- writing. 


ia  the  simplest  that  oan  be  mode, 
and  coiuprex  that  are  published,  nor  tli 
m  who  deaire  to  advance  slill  fiirther 


ineortw. ■i   ■  ■    ^.  .,-         ,.  I  ...vi- appeared, 

,A  imd  musi  say  ilwt  If  j-on  ooutinue  and  wm.  ' 
I  you  huTB  begun,  j-ou  will  produe*  a  work  that  i 
1  unly  rrllKt  grmt  onedlt  on  the  authors,  bot  a  I 
I  3B>o«nto  In  poategv  stiunps.         Addrei 


Daviwpoht,  Iowa,  Bui 
COLLXctB.  Jan.  18.  Itj 

d  by  the  avenge  makers  of  i 

D.  R.  LiLLmaiDGB,  I 


vruh  it  underslond  that  our  copies  were  made  for  tbe  avtragt  tludmt~-aol  for  professional  peni 
I  ihey  are  plnSner,  simpler,  beller  graded,  morn  praclloal,  and  in  every  way  helteradaptcd  ford 


'  your  interest  to  purchase  these 
im  you  at  your  oonvenieDoe,  we 


S.    S.     PACKARD,    SOS  SROADWAT,  XEW  TOBK. 


Yourt  very  truly, 

HOWE  Sc  POWERS, 

79  Madison.  Street,  Chioaeo,  111, 


.'^"^""l     THl    GOMPLiTl    ACCOITIT&NT. 

Class  'Book  Tf' '        NOW  THE  LEADING  TREATISE  ON  BOOK-KEEPING 

Commercial  Law  in  this  country. 

';U''sih„lr';7ih^."''c"S,'„";rt"'  !  Arranged  for  use  in  Business  Colleges,  High  Schools, 

and  Academies. 


AMONG   THE   NUMBJCR 

Is  Biuliieu  College 


!>ftp  Univorelly 
BowColl*ST      ■ 


f 


(TnioD  Biuine 


.     .     Pittahurgh,  Pft. 
e  of  tile  leading 


Uodm 


>  any  address 
All   orders 


«h..uld  be  addreaeed  to  the  author, 

C.  E.  CARHART, 

Prinoipal  ol  the  Albtiny  BiubeM  Colli^gp, 
<>-t.f.  Alranv,  N.  Y. 

•"i^srisk  SAWYER  "-^;» 

Universal  Penman. 

PENMANSHIP.  PHONOGRAPHY,  DRAWING.    Alms  Ic 

Instfucl  In  Rapid  Penmanship,  Legible  Shorthand,  and 
LlKXAitv  Dii.vwiKO.    OivM  ourrei 

Coaductedby  Damki.  SAWyxit, 


ehereofprnctlcnl 
r  tlie  acquisition  of  n  mmnd 
11(1  Indfletiy.     The  stiiacntu" 
il  the  mind  has  been  cuiefnily 


e  nidiments  ot  tlie 
ntary  to  be  within  t 
.dciit  for  any  depav 


^nce  to  the  n.oat  Intri 

npHcIlyof  beglnnei'sin 

nt  of  nccounlantalilp. 

,  no  irrelevant  dlscHs. 

ight  and  valnc.  and  only  such, 

any  other  almtlur  treatise. 

( iRstied  In  two  odltlons.  p;1nted 


This  work  embodies  the  late^^t  mid  most  nppi 
Helng  tiikcn  fi-om  the  nctual  books  of  bu!>liif¥H  l-< 
ly  i>ilict!cal,  and  commends  Itgdf  «t  once  nliko  i< 

The  Metuod  of  ixiOHcntJiiR  the  various subji" 
*nou'i<*W(?/ of  Book-keeping  easy  for  the  student 
I'oui-se  Is  a  gnidunl  but  certuln  advance,  no  sulijei 
niid  thoroughly  pi-eparcd  for  the  mastery  of  its  di 

THE  SCOPE  of  the  work  Is  wide,  extending  fr< 
ciitoiind  complicated  records.  It  la  auffiiiently  c 
the  study,  and  sufflcleiitly  extended  to  prepare  ll 

The  MATFEli.    The  student  will  llndin  this  it 
!iions ;  and  tenohei-s  will  find  that  cvei?  page 
The  work  to  bo  done  by  the  student  l*'  perhaps  doiible  that  it 

In  order  to  acooinmodate  8cho<  l^  of  different  gi-ade^.  the 
In  coloi-9,  on  line  heavy  paper,  and  lioiiud  in  best  of  cloth. 

The  Counting  House  Edition 

"'"    Hge,  of  which  M  pages  arc  devoted  to  Piellminniy   l-.xercises  and  Retail  IIu 
pagesto  Wholesale  Merchandising:  12  pages  to  Farm  Accounts;  20  pages  to  Lumber 
pages  to  Manufacturing;  ISpngesloSSeiimboating;  13  pages  to  Riiili-oadhig;  30  jiages  to  Commission 
55  pages  to  Boiiklng;  the  remaining  part  of  the  work  to  miscellaneous  subjects. 

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Respectfully, 


THK  NEW 

BRYANT  d  STRATTON 
BOOK-KEEPING     BLANKS. 

A.iapt^l   for   118P  will,   or  wiihoiit  T-xt-Hook, 
aud  the  unly  set  .vcwmiueudt.d  u, 

aec.mpunv  ) 

"THI-:  NKW 

Bryant  &   Stratton 
Counting-House-Bookkeeping." 


ANKINO  SET.  BlISINES-S  FORMS," 

SECOND  BUS 


V^^I'^:}1  .'.!!'!!"""'*'  I   »e«^"p'i«Tllt  no^^^ 

'JOHN  D'S  FAVORITE  PEN. 


t'hools,  Academies 
understanding  of 


Wholesale  Merohandlsing. 
les,  where  an  ex 
methods  of  Ac- 


HOWE  &  POWERS, 


nliDg  i 


Hrat4d. 


SAWYER  BROS., 

linponen  aod  PuWiJihert, 
OTTA  WA,  CANADA. 


Bryant's  New  Series. 
HOOK- KEEPING. 

i.MiTH    Edition.        Copyrighted,   1881, 
By  J.  C.  BRYANT,  M.D., 


POUR  GRADES: 


KKEPlNG_,/u*I/ 


vo/y  gnde  of  fchuol, 


INSTRUCTION 


cHMt.     horoe   •poolinens  aud  ci 
■ctnptlon  of  peo-work  done  to  c 


■.  KIBBE,  Utica,  N. ' 


NEW  1882   PRICE-LIST 

PENMEN^'    CARDS, 


opioff  dealH. 
Publlo  Schc 


NEW  ENGLAND  CARD  CO., 

Woonsocket,  R.  I, 

Ij\m  of  corner),   1.25  and 

lylea  corner,  3.25  per 

.J  .      -    Jtjle«),  3.70  per 

thousand. 
Envelope    bevel,    4.50    per    thousand;     with 
"     mietMo'       --- 
Eaib..  T 


Gold   Edge  (feu 

1.50  per  Ihoi 
Bevel  Edge  cards  (fe 

thcusaud. 
Turned  Corner  Bevel   (fc 


;o,  5.75. 


Flower  Eaib.,  Turned   Corner, 

tlioueaud. 

Slipper  Cards,  best,  2.50  per  thousand. 
Gold  Border  Card,  Bristol,  Red,  Black,  Blue, 

and  While,  2.00  per  thousand. 
Postage  on  one  thouiand  cards,  25  cents. 
Elegant  cases,   75   cents    per   dozeu.     Turned 
Corner  Gdt  Edge  Cards  only  3.00  per  thou- 
sand, post-paid.     Orders  promptly  filled. 
Keference  :  D.  T.  Ames,  and  all  the  leading 


keeping  and 

£ 

Sn'.r.o'' 

S^^k^ 

pueition.     A( 
Schofleld,  71 

iSf 

epini 

™ii''°n'o 

enmanshlp. 

o= 

:— Chcflpfor  Cash- 
1.  Bi„i,.«,  Coll»g 
*«  C„i!,.jre.  ClinfoD. 

of-'^ 

fcSto  S 

|y|iobii,u 

n  ?4i,"  ra 

vr"o 

e  Pein  «.! 

I'o'I'p™' 

■EIRCE. 

fonl,  N.  Y. 

Sr-A^E^ 

DEWHURST, 

n  flourished 

W-.L1 

)EWHUR8T 

S 

;~ 

»;    "Voiir 

pRAND  OFFER! 
^U^One^Fbiu^hed  Eagle, 

S«ll7  RoodB.  Union  Co,.  Pb. 

r. 

ouriBhfMl  Bird,  and  bIx 
enU.     C.   WALTER, 

S'T'^'""" 

l^'^id 

D™BlGELo'w 

Gowauda, 

1  O  WRITTEN  Canij  and  1  pi 
\/:     23  mdU.    a.  E.  DEWHU 

tST,    New 

'  SmZI 

VOUR  raoi 

SliZSl 

■"c! 

all  poMiblo  ■lytea  of 

larly  adapted  for  Public  aud  IMvalo  Schotils  a 
Sent  Po«t-paid  on  rooeipt  of  25  cen'le.        """'' 

DANIEL  SLOTE  &  CO., 


THE  DAYJPACm 
Shading     T     Square. 


Blades  a 


TALVB  T» 
the  head 

ng  pen    the  lines 

mudo  free  hand.    The  space 

I 1..|^  by  turning  u  thumb 

eighths  of  an  Inch, 
onanydesirt  ' 
made  of  any  desired  length  o 

aareaoldat  prices  var^    .„ 

1,  length  and  quality  of  bhide,  Aa^ 


done  ljy 

.it  perfect 

iscmudo  1  .._     , 

may  be  varisd,  by  turning  u  thumb 
_ero  to  seven-eighths  ol  an  Inch, 
and  made  horizontally  or  uix)n  any  desired  angle, 
'"'■'' 3  made  of  any  desired  length  or  ma" 


8cnt  securely  packed  by  express  t«.  my  port 
of  the  United  States  or  Canada     Addi  eea 
D.  T.   AMES, 
205  Broadway,  Now  Tork. 
Weglve  herewith  Specimensof  Tinting, photo- 
engraved  directly  fi-om  ruling  done  by  the  aid  of 
the  ariuare,  with  the  rapidity  of  free  hand  Ilnea. 


To  Whom  it  may  Concern. 


DISPUY   CUTS  FOR  ADVERTISING, 
ilfned  and  engmved  e»p«uflUy  fo^dUplajinrHanclbilL 


Duplin 


By, 


n  EUctrotypi  J'iaUt  w 


S; 


any  addreu,  i 

PHOTO-LITHOQRAPHV   , 

We  hare  the  ver)-  bed  facili 
clnuM  of  Engniviog,  nod  eiecii 

elMwbBre.     Coll«w»  I    '""""" 
DiploQiM.  eio.,  in  Mi 
o«tt>.    AddNH, 


305  Brcwdvraj,  1 


Stale*.    Co 
love*  his  pr 


1  best  BuBlueu  Collogee  lu  Ibe 


MAVH  E  W'S 

UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 
Manual   of    Business   Practice, 

in  BiisineJ  Edilwf.w,  and  'iai\!^  l(oiUb«il^vu^»  UMy 
uiei.    Even  good  uuihore  iiso  Ibeni  in  prefeiwuM  to  tlutir 


Ld  or  l'rire-li<t.  addi'VM  Ibe  auiLor, 

IRA  MAYHEW,  L.  L.  D., 

Detroit,  Mich. 


Border,  Pliwto-L' 


July,  i88i.  JUST      PUBLISHED.  July,  1881. 

THE  COMPLETE  EDITION  Of 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOaSE    ARITHMETIC, 

coMPaisiNo  <jvp;r  500  octavo  paoes. 


SPENCERIAN 


Btfle  of  ivrlUnr 


SAinPL.ES  Of  I 


umberw,    10    Pen* 


;olleges.  High 
ufw  of  thtdy  Bdapl«U  to  that  prBrtical  oppUmtloii  of  Ihe  knowlcd^  ol 

■m  usdenlfiiail,  and  by  bira  pvraonally  ooDtlucted  for  a  ]«riod  of  OVER  A  SIXTH  OF  A  CENTURV. 

PART    SECOND 

UUNDI^  of  the  prominent  »i»b^^ColleffW  lind  VnvMt^bZi^ia  !hu  Unill^StaJM  a^  Ca^L».  "  °'"' 

PART    FIRST 

Hujiul  licnn  oomplot«d,  nrid  comprisM  168  pagM.  bcginnlni 
VM,  pfBOUoAl  nod  •denllfla.    Manj-  lnt«restinff  ttnd  novel  tea 

SADLER'S  COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC: 

Fn>m_H.  E.  Hibbard.  Ti incipal  Bryaiil  &  Slrnttoii  School.  Boston,  Mass.: 

From  Charlee  Clagliom,  Principal  Bryant  &  Stratloii  School.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.: 

•^  I  know  of  no  Aritliroetio  so  well  suited  (o  the  peculiar  work  of  Business  College.     It»  use  lu  my  school  ha* 

Prom  S.  S.  Packard,  President  Packard's  BiisinwsB  College,  New  York : 

l«adit)g  commeroul  topioa."  ^^  °° 

FromO.  F.Williama,  Prof.  Law  and  MathetnalicB,  Roclipster  Bueiiiees  Un'tfily,  Rocheeter,  N.  Y.: 


STEEL  PENS. 


s»K'?v%%yA^sv»«.\oV\s«.vxmvv\'^'a\>\VWv^^^ 


ESTERBROOK'S 


m         Serfes  oiF 


phiilogrnph  ( 


only 


Prom  Prufea 


A  NEWWORK,  iin.i  »„r,hy..i  „ii  ii,,,i 
From  H.  C.  Spencer,  rresidt-nl  Sp 


I  l>,  I'MM.ipal  Allen '8  Grove  High  School.  Wiaconsin ; 
'a^.\"a  \'  n"'"'*  '"  "■*'""'■    ■*  *■"'!  e^Plfi'""'""!  "■  ffiven  of  buBiuess  tonus,  and  uniler 
V.  "■I"'"   l'>"«  needed,     m  no  one  look  upon  it  iis  simply  a  NEW  BOOK.     IT  IS 


8  College,  Washington,  I).  C.: 


Promts.  Bo^nrdiis.  President  Springfield  BuaineBS  College,  Springfield,  111.: 

polDtML    1  lull  glad  to  give  your  \im\  iny  h««riy  approval."      '  ip  ana  on  an         ea  arw  o  ear.  concise  Lnd 

From  0.  A.  Gaekell.  Prinripal  JeT-sey  City  Businesa  College.  Jeraey  City,  N   J  • 

Prom_A.  B.  Clark,  Principal  Bryant  &  Strattoti  Busineas  College.  Newark,  N.  J.: 


PENMEN'S  and  ARTISTS'  SUPPLIES. 

On  receipt  of  the  prices  annexed,  we  will  for- 
ward by  retui-n  of  mall,  or  by  cxpres 
any  article  named  in  the  following  lis 
By  orderSngr  frcrm  us,  patrona  can  re 
upon  receiving  a  euperlor  article,  bnt 
80  promptly. 
Ames'  Uompendlnra  ot  Om'l  Penraanahlp,  $4 

Ames'  book  ol  Alplmbets ] 

Bryant's  Book-keeping,  Counting  Honae  Kd    2 
Ames'  Copy  Slips,  for  ina true tton  and  prac- 
tice in  writing,  per  sheet.  Containing  40 

eiercises 

60  sheets,  (50  full  seU  of  copies) 3 

100       "      (100  full  sets  of  copies) 6 

Bristol  Board,  3-3heet  thick,  22x28 in.,  pr  sht 
_  '■  22x28,  per  sheet,  by  express, . 

Fiench  B.  B.,  34x34,       " 

Black  Card  Board.  Kx2a,  for  white  Ink.. ." 

Black  Cards  per  100 

Black  Cards  per  thousand,  by  expr 

What's  dr'ing-i: 

"  "  '•"         ■  17x22,'     20 


Bliink  Bristol  Board  Cards,  per  100,.' 

„"  "  "        1000  bycK. 

Wmsor  A  Newton's  supr  sup.  Ind.  ink,  stick 

Ornamental  Cards,  12  designs,  per  pack  of 

Four  packs,  100  cards '", 

-^-.-  jd  Indian  Ink,  per  bottle,  by  express 
Gillott'3  303  St«el  Pens,  per  gioss. 


Prepared Indi 
Gillott'3  303  SI -. 
Ames'  Penmen' 

Spencerlan  No. 
"■■     'Tew  S] 

ig  Pens  for  lettering.  p( 
iri'en,  very  line,  for  dn 
~  Gems. 

Guide. 


rfc 


li  gross  box       SO 


The  Book-keeper 

THE  ONLY  PAPER  OF   ITS 

CHARACTER  IN  THE  WORLD. 

Published  Fortnightly. 
Hopkins  ) 


The  Leading  Accountants  of  America 
Correspondents. 

Devoted  to  all  matters  of  special  interest 
to  Accountants,  Bankers.  Merchants, 
Manufacturers,  Counting-room 
Attaches.  Instructors  of  Ac- 
counts, and  all  persons 
having  to  do  with 
the  keeping  of 
books 
of  account. 
Ancient  and  modern  systems  of  Book- 
keeping reviewed  and  exemplified. 
Practical  problems  and  questions  discus- 
sed and  elucidated. 
Subscription.  §2,00  per  annum.      Single 

copies,  8  cents. 

Specimen  copies  sent  free  to  prospective 

subscribers. 

An  Agent  wanted  in  every  city  in  the- 

United  States  and   Canada.     F  " 

pe.nsation  guaranteed. 

The  Bookkeeper, 
76  Chambers  St.,  New  York. 
Post  Office  Address,         P.  O.  Box 


to  PhnfD-Enqravinq  -fePhntn-Lithnqraphq. 

D.X  Mies  .  205  HHnAiiws.Y: 


a  great  improvement  upon  the 
I  ^Lhools  bctt«r  than  any  other 
IVISON,    BLAKEMAN,    TAYLOR  A  CO., 


US  gmd  ]40  Qnmd  Street,  New  7orit 


The  Common  Sense  Binder. 

l'!l*P*i.'^''.."'t'"7''^''  "  convenient 


i  durable  binder  for  the  Jourka 


Adiiresa,  PJiNMAN'S  AltT  JOUENAl" 
1  205  Broadway,  New  York. 


LlBI  ism   D   MON  \\\\\       \\    J()5   niiO  Vl>\\  V'S      I  OU  •*!  OO    PF  K   YI    M{ 

■'  Entfred  at  the  Post  OJUce  of  New  Tort.  X.  T..  at  second-clatt  matUr." 

NEW   YORK,    MARCH,   1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  3. 


,  STRATTON   AND   SADLER 


,  Bn^neu  College, 


**  luduslry,  as  well  as  gcoius,  is  essential  t 
the  production  of  great  works." 


excellent  nccomplisli- 


I  BuaineM  Cftloulalar 


DECORATIVE   , 


CI^GHORN-S 


:  &  8TRATTON ' 


C.  N.  CRANDLE,  ValparBiac. 


PeiRCE'S  NORMAL  PEN3«ANSHIP 

INSTITUTE,  Keokuk,  Iowa. 

..Ml'ihM  Id  1871.  Life  Membereblp.  905. 


Lesson  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  XIX. 


ving    iucluded 

D   our   copies  all  the 

.  capital  and  s 

iiiall.  we  will  in  this 

cuusider    an 

important    feature    in 

u  cmnposition, 

VIZ. : 

Punctuation. 
Without  a  correct  iinderataudiug  of  its 
tiM-s  a  wntcr's  meaning  is  often  ubsciircd,  if 
not  wholly  perverted.  "  Punctuation  is  the 
art  of  dividing  written  language  hy  points, 
iu  Older  thiit  the  relations  of  words  and 
clinises  nmy  bi-  plainly  seen,  and  their 
incauiug  he  readily  understood."  Aucii-ut 
writing  was  without  marks  or  divisions. 
Thu  modern  system  of  punctuation  has 
been  in  use  only  about  300  years ;  it  was 
fMiuierly  regarded  and  taught  merely  as  an 
aiii  to  reading,  and  pupils  were  instructed 


j.'inictdou,  tlirce  at  a  colon,  &c.  ;  "but," 
-,iy>  (Juackeubos,  '"punctuation  should  be 
i.i,Mrded  as  being  entirely  independent  of 
(l-.r-ition.  Primarily  it  is  to  bring  out  the 
wriu-r's  meaning,  and  so  far  only  ia  it  an 
aid  111  thi-  reader." 

The  Comma 
uiail^s  the  smallest  grammatical  division, 
aiiii  commonly  represents  the  shortest  pause 
u  lull  reading,  aud  is  used  to  separate  words, 
}>lirascs,  clauses,  and  short  members,  closely 
tuuuected  with  the  rest  of  a  sentence,  and 
to  mark  parenthetical  words  and  clauses,  as 


wit,  kn 

The  Semicolon 
s  used  to  separate  such  parts  of  a  seutence 
as  are  less  closely  connected  than  those 
separated  by  a  comma,  as,  "  Her  simple 
ilress  could  not  disguise  her  grace  ;  a  sun- 
ilown  half  concealed  her  purple- black  hair, 
iiud  shaded  the  pure  opal  of  her  face,  gleam- 
ing with  the  white  radiance  of  a  star  at 
twilight."  "Some  men  are  born  great; 
some  acquire  greatness ;  others  have  great- 
iies?  thrust  upon  them." 

The  Colon 
is  used  where  a  sentence  consists  of  two  or 
more  parts  which  although  complete  as  to 
sense  are  not  entirely  independent,  as  "Thfe 
value  of  a  maxim  depends  upon  four  things : 
the  correctness  of  the  principles  it  embodies; 
the  subject  to  which  it  relates ;  the  extent  o*" 
its  application ;  and  the  ease  with  which  it 
may  be  carried  out." 

A  Period 
is  placed  at  the  end  of  every  complete  sen- 
tence, before  decimals,  between  dollars  and 
cents,  after  abbreviations,  aud  initial  letters, 
as  "  Honesty  is  the  best  policy."  Dr.  Geo. 
P.  Johnson,  F.K.S- 

The  Note  of  Exclamation 
denotes  surprise,  astonishment,  rapture,  or 
other  sudden  emotions  of  the  mind,  as,  Ah ! 
alas !  oh !  hold  !  What  cold-blooded  cruelty 
did  Nero  manifest!  How  extebsive  is  the 
laudscape !  how  varied !  how  beautiful !  how 

The  Note  of  Interrogation 
is  used  to  denote  that  a  ijuestion  is  asked, 
as,  "  How  shall  a  man  obtain  the  kingdom 
of  Godt  by  impietyt  by  murder?  by  false- 
hood i  by  theft  t  Wlisn  will  you  go  f 
The  Bracket  and  the  I'akbnthesis 
are  used  to  inclose  interpolated  words  or 
sentences  which  serve  to  strengthen  the 
argument  though  the  main  sentence  would 
read  correctly  were  the  inclosed  matter 
taken  away.  Parentheses  are  now  less 
used  than  formerly,  commas  taking  their 
place.     Example : 

"  The  poets  (tender  hearted  swains)  have 
portrayed  love  as  no  prose  writer  has  ever 
been  able  to  paint  >t."  I  have  met  (and 
who  has  not  f )  with  many  disappointnreuts. 

The  DA.SH 
is  used  to  denote  an  abrupt  change  of  sub- 
ject, and  to  show  the  omission  of  words, 
letters,  or  figures,  as,  "In  the  year  J8 — , 
the  village  o\ was  thrown  into  excite- 
ment by  the  arrival  of  E from  Loudon." 

"  I  would — but  ah  !  I  fear  it  is  impossible." 
The  pulse  tluttered^stojipcd — went  on — 
anil  stopped  again — moved — stopped." 

The  Hyphen 
is  used  to  connect  compound  words,  and  at 
the  end  of  a  line  when  a  word  is  divided, 
as,     "  hand-writing,    f«mr-fold,    go-aa-you- 
please." 

M-\RKS   OF    ElLU'SIS, 

( ],[ l.orf    •   •    'LareMedto 

show  tliat  letters  are  omitted  from  a  word, 
words  from  a  seutence,  sentences    from   a 


paragrajdi,  or  entire  paragraphs  or  chapters 

from  a  work,  as,  "  The  k g  (k   .    .   g) 

or  (k    •     '    g)  promenades  the  city  at  night 
in  disguise. 

The  Brace 
is  used  to  connect  several  terms  or  expres- 
sions with  one  to  which  all  have  a  common 
relation,  as,      James  Jones,     ^ 

Henry  White,  \  Committee. 

Charies  True,    ) 

Tub  Apostrophe 
is  used  to  denote  the  omission  of  a  letter  or 
letters,  and  the  possessive  case,  as,  'tis,  VU, 
o''er,  tho'.  Ideas'  treasures ; — king's  daugh- 
ters. "  Dot  your  i's,  cross  your  t's,  make 
your  c's  better,  and  insert  two  -t-'s." 

The  Caret 
is  used  to  denote  omission,   and   to   show 
where  matter  iuterlined  is  to  be  insertetl, 

handmaid  of 
as,   "  Temperance  is  the  virtue," 
A 

"  Comunioa.te." 
A 

(Quotation  Marks 

are  used  to  denote  words   or  composition 
taken  from  another  author,  as: 
"  Three  things  bear  mighty  sway  with  men, 
The  sword,  the  sceptre,  and  the  pen." 


Uef 


Ma 


margin 
whicii 


are  used  to  connect  a  word  or  word: 
text  with  notes  ot  explanation  at  the 
or  bottom  of  the  page  on  which  they 
they  are  given  below  in  the  order  in 
they  are  used  : 

].  The  Asterisk.  * 

-2.  The  Obelisk,  or  Dagger,  f 

3.  The  Double  Dagger.         % 

4.  The  Section.  ^ 
.-..  The  Parallel.  || 
U.  The  Paragraph.                  H 

Words  or  lines  which  the  writer  desires  to 
emphasize  or  have  displayed  in  print,  are 
designated  by  drawing  lines  underneath 
them,  thus  one  line  indicates  italics,  two 
lines  small  capitals,  three  lines  largo 
CAPITALS,  four  lines  ITALIC  CAPI- 
TALS. 

Tho  words : 

"To  anns!  to  arms  ! !   to  arms  ! ! !   they 

cry,"  undei'scored  would  appear  in  print, 

Thus : 

"  'lo  urm.-i .'  TO  arms  ! !  TO  AHMS  ! ! ! 
they  cry." 

Other  marks  are  used  to  denote  the 
proper  pronunciation,  &c.,  which  will  bo 
considered  at  another  time. 

We  here  present  as  a  copy  for  practice 
the  more  common  of  the  punctuation  points, 
together  with  the  character  &,  the  com- 
bination &  Co.,  and  the  index,  which  are  of 
such  frequent  use  as  to  very  properiy  receive 
special  study  and  practice. 


%r^^yr.;;// 


Our  next  and  the  last  lesson  of  this  com-se 
will  relate  to  the  figures. 

In  the  May  number  will  begin  a  course 
of  practical    lessons    by    Prof.     Henry    C. 


Spencer,  of  Wa-hington,  D.  C.  Prof 
Spencer  is  one  of  the  famed  Spencer 
authors,  aud  has  no  superior  as  a  teacher  of 
practical  writing.  The  lessons  will  be 
liberally  illustrated,  and  cannot  fail  of  being 
highly  interesting  and  instructive.  The 
couree  of  lessons  alone  will  be  worth  to  all 
who  are  seeking  the  acquirement  of  a  good 
handwriting  many  times  the  subscripiioo 
price  of  the  Journal. 

The  Importance  of  Good  Writing. 

By  Mauoe  Maple. 

The  subject  of  the  importance  of  good 
writing  is  very  broad.  It  includes  within 
itself  the  importance  of  good  writing  in  vari- 
ous spheres  and  under  various  circumstances, 
and  embraces  its  applicability  to  many 
grades  of  individuals,  many  ranks  of  society, 
and  many  aspirations,  ambitions  and  struggle* 
in  the  scjvle  of  advancement. 

From  the  lowest  to  the  highest  grade  of 
aspirants,  both  individual  and  collective — all 
along  the  line  of  progress  and  upward  striv- 
ing—good writing  forms  the  passport  to  ad- 
vancement aud  final  triumph  more  than  auy 
other  known  or  pi-acticed  science. 

From  being  an  aid  in  earning  one's  daily 
bread,  onward  through  the  art-grades  of 
elegant  foruiation  which  indicate  the  pa- 
tience, perseverance  and  long-struggling 
etfort  of  the  high-bom  spirit  in  search  of 
perfectness ;  onward  still  yet  till  ihf  science 
of  form  covers  aud  includes  the  grace  of  ex- 
pression and  the  life-breath  of  high  soul- 
thoughts  whicli  find  through  it  a  voice. 

Froui  tho  simplest  copyist,  upward 
through  all  professions  of  any  importance 
tlieinselves,  the  importance  of  good  writing 
becomes  easily  seen. 

The  teacher,  journalist,  doctor,  lawyer, 
scientist  and  explorer  all  need  a  good  sub- 
stantial knowledge  of  this  art,  and  a  good 
available  skill  with  which  to  apply  it  easily, 
swiftly  and  accurately.  , 

Botch-work,  or  bungling,  is  out  of  place 
in  all  positions  wliich  call  for  tho  preserva- 
tion of  a  thouglit,  in-  tho  record  of  any  es- 
sential item  on  whatever  topic,  for  whatever 
purpose,  or  in  whatever  sphere. 

Accuracy,  reliability,  and  the  metlmd 
suited  to  the  circumstance  is  what  is  wanted 
iu  every  instance  requiring  the  touch  of  a 

From  a  knowledge  of  formation,  taste  and 
skill  develop  in  other  directions  and  crystal- 
lize in  good  writing.  This  becomes  an 
avenue  by  which  the  progressioulst  of  what- 
soever grade,  may  make  himself  heard  and 
be  known  for  what  he  is,  and  judged  by  hie 
true  worth.  In  tlio  sphere  of  tlie  practical 
there  is  not  an  art  ro  essential,  while  in  the 
empyrean  of  mind  it  becomes  a  supremacy 
which  is  linked  with  divinity.  The  poet'j 
songs  would  die  nnspoken  without  it.  The 
tints  of  the  iinaginiiliou  would  never  glow  for 
kindred  mind  when  oi^-ans  roll  between. 
Heart  might  si)eak  to  heart  through  the 
contact  ul  hearts,  but  not  when  severed  by 
continents  us  now  their  truth  may  speak. 
Tlie  thoughts  of  love,  and  will  of  afi'ection 
would  die  when  wo  die,  and  not  live  and 
breathe  in  after  years  as  now  wv  may 
make   them   through   the   written   page  if 


BkilM  iu  noble  writiop 
wrjtinp,"  f'om  iho  peoinan's  pfiiut  of  view, 
appliwi  mainly  lo  the  jierfcctioii  of  form, 
lusto  in  applying  our  Hkill  anil  good  judg- 
meut  MS  to  tl)«  needs  of  anToccnsion.  lo 
thf  geneml  fense"goo<I  writing"  includes 
all  this,  together  uilli  skill  in  the  use  of 
words,  lasto  in  their  combiualion,  and  all 
thftt  goe«  to  make  up  the  grace  of  apt  ex- 
prftnaion  tus  doited  to  vnrions  occasions.  It 
i"  an  immortal  speech  if  shaped  with  ao 
immortal  touch,  and  itt  invested  with  au 
imp.(TlHnre  which  none  but  immortal  words 
an-  worthy  Ut  describe.  All  practical  honors 
nrf  a  part  of  its  endowmeol,  aod  all  lofty 
itoiil-liights  renter  beneath  its  spell. 

plislnnent,  and  as  a  finishing  grace.  We 
base  the  structure  of  all  solid  advancement 
npon  it,  and  we  climb  and  grow  through 
the  help  of  it.  We  food  and  live  upon  it, 
both  literally  and  «piri(ually.  The  great 
bulk  of  knowledge  doseendu  to  ns  through 
it,  and  frmn  us  through  tlie  saiiio  method 
must  be  transmitted  to  others. 

The  voice  of  the  ages  sounds  onward  ' 
through  it  and  canuot  die.  Forever  od- 
ward  through  it  will  reverberate  the  thouglits 
it  treasures  already,  and  the  riches  of  unborn 
thoughts  which  shall  find  through  it  ex- 
pression. 

To  seek  the  measurement  of  its  iinport- 
aoco  is  to  clutch  at  the  illimitable.  Wo 
grasp  at  its  infinitude,  but  it  cannot  be  por- 
trayed. We  have  each  our  necessities,  in 
connection  with  which  we  each  may  compass 
«tep  by  step.  Wo  grow  llirough  it  as 
wc  master  it,  and  according  to  our 
mastery  the  progress  is  unceasing,  the 
opportunity  for  growth  immeasurable. 
By  tlie  immeasurable  standards  wo 
measure     the     importance    of    good 

Bad  Copy  and  Good  Printers. 
— At  tlie  conclusion  of  the  harvest- 
honoeat  Slaugham,  Sussex  (Eng.),  the 
Chairman  asked  permission  of  Dean 
Hook  to  print  "the  magnificent  ser- 
mon "  which  the  divine  had  delivered 
■on  the  occasion,  offering  to  copy  it 
legibly  for  the  printers.  "  Tliat  will 
never  do,"  answered  the  Dean-  "  I 
will  copy  it  in  a  slovenly  hand  myself," 
remarking,  with  a  twinkle  of  the  eye, 
that  if  the  copy  were  legible  it  would 
be  given  to  the  worst  compositors, 
whereas  if  it  were  written  indilferently 
it  would  bo  put  into  tie  best  hands, 
and  the  work  would  be  well  done. — 
Notef>  and  Queries. 


eolo.    Napoleon,    Bismarck,     Krummacher, 
Tholuck,  Washington,   Luther,  Bacon,  St. 
;   Paul,   in    the  world,  and,   as  there  cannot 
possibly  be  a  counterpart  of  them,  so  there 
cannot  bo  an  imiu-ition  of  their  chirogniphy. 
Every  stroke  of  their  pen  indicates  the  char- 
acter of  such  men.     The  bolder  the  type  «f 
the   man,  the   more    strikingly   M-ill    it   be 
j  shown  in  his  letters.     This  is  so  self-evident 
I  that   it   is  scarcely  necessary  to  adduce  ex- 
I  amples.     A  few  wiil  suHice. 
j      The  Apostle  Paul's  handwriting  was,  if 
,  Galatiaus  vi :  ii.,  is  n  description  of  it,  cer- 
'  tainly  indicative  of  his  character :  "  Yo  see 
ID  what  hirge  letters  I  have  written  unio 
you  with  mine  own  hand."     St.  Paul,  evi- 
dently, here   refers  to  the  capital  — uncial 
letters,  in  which  the  best  and  most  ancient 
manuscript  of  the  Greek   Septungint  and 
New  Testament  are  written,  as  distinguished 
from  the  small  or  cursive  letters,  in  which 
the  slaves  wrote.     The  writing  of  Paul,  in 
these  large,  heavy,  Greek  capital  letters,  in- 
dicated the  solemn  and  dignified  manner  of 
the  great  Apostle   of   the   Gentiles.      He 
oould  not  possibly  have  written  in  any  other 

"  I  had  once,"  said  Archbishop  Whately, 
"a  remarkable  proof  that  handwriting  is  ' 
sometimes,  at  least,  an  index  to  character,  i 
I  had  a  pupil  at  Oxford  whom  I  liked  in 
most  respects  greatly.  There  was  but  one 
thing  about  him  wliich  seriously  dissatisfied  i 
me,  and  that  I  often  told  him  was  his  hand-  I 
writing.  It  was  not  bad,  as  writing,  but  it 
had  a  mean,  shuffling  character  in  it,  which  i 


hreakfiist-tabl?,  the  lady  nl 

hiid  unconsciouely    been  examining,    made 

smue  observation  which  particularly  struck 

»". as  seemiog  to  betoken  a  very 

iiidtlc  and  truthful  character.  lie  expressed 
his  admirition  of  her  sentiments  very 
warmly,  adding  at  the  same  time  to  the 
la«iy  of  the  house,  '  Not  so  ;  by-thc-way, 
your  friend,'  and  he  put  into  her  hand  the 
slip  of  writing  of  ter  guest  which  she  had 
given  him  tiie  evening  before,  over  which 
he  had  written  the  words,  '  Fascinating, 
false,  and  hollow^iearted."    The  lady  of  the 

house  kept  the  secret,  and  Mr. never 

knew  that  the  writing  on  which  lie  pro- 
nounced BO  severe  a  judgment  was  that  of 
the  friend  he  so  greatly  admired  !  *' 

*' Individual  writing."  says  La\ater,  "is 
inimitable.  The  more  I  compare  the  dif- 
ferent baDdwrllings  which  fall  in  my  way, 
the  more  I  am  confirmed  in  the  idea  that 
they  are  so  many  expressions,  so  many 
emanations  of  character  of  the  writer. 
Every  country,  nvery  nation,  every  city  has 
its  peculiar  handwriting." 

There  is  no  question  about  the  fact  that 
there  have  been  porsous  who  attained  the 
same  ability  of  discovering,  in  a  single  speci- 
men of  handwriting,  the  character,  the  oc- 
cupation, the  habit,  the  temperament,  the 
health,  the  age,  the  sex,  the  size,  the  na- 
tionality, the  benevolence  or  the  penurious- 
ness,  the  boldness  or  the  timidity,  the  mo- 
rality or  the  immorality,  the  affectation  or 
the  hypoeriBy,  and  often  the  intention,  ef  the 
writer.     The  skill  of  deciphering  character 


,x^^^^^^^^^ 


nM' 


^'^StJAi'^W^  "^-"^ 


The  above  cut  U  photo-engraved  from  a  pen-and-ink  copy  executed  by  //.  W.  Shaylor,  Portland.  Me 


Handwriting,    an     Index    to 
Character. 
Hv  Key.  A.  B.  IIohnr. 
Many   people   Imigh   at   what    is  called 
*'  graplouiiincy,"  or  the  art  of  judging  char- 
acters by  hundwrifug,  and  yot  all  acknowl- 
edge that  handwriting  does  indicate  somo- 
thiug.     Every  one  allows  a  difference  be- 
tween a  man's  and  a  woman's  hand.     Wo 
hear  people  speak  of  a  vulgar  hand,  a  gen- 
tlemanly imnd,  a  clerkly  hand,  etc. 

Let  anyone  collect  a  number  of  signatures 
of  Frenohmen,  Englishmen,  Germans  and 
Americans,  or,  what  is  still  better,  of  Jews 
of  nil  nations,  and,  at  least  in  the  latter 
iuetance,  with  ordinary  perceptive  faculties, 
there  will  bo  no  difficulty  in  detenniuing  the 
<luestion  of  nationality.  A  person  with  half 
nn  eye  need  never  mistake  the  handwriting 
•of  a  Jew.  Many  people  can  detect  pride 
and  afffctation,  and  most  pereons  the  sex, 
I  handwriting,  how  ever  much  it  may  bo 


■"  The  bridegroom's  letters  etnud  ia  lows  above, 
Tapering,  yt-l  slraigbt.  like  pine-rrwa   in  big 

grwve ; 
W'hiW  free  and  firu.  the  bride*  appear  below, 
Ab  light  and  slender  ao  her  jessamines  grow." 
Men  with  strong  character,  or  strange 
pcculiariiies,  can  always  be  told  by  their 
fcandwritiog.  As  there  is  but  one  Henry 
Ward  Boechcr,HoracoGreeley,  Grant, Lin- 


always  inspired  me  with  a  feeliog  of  sus- 
picioa.  While  he  remained  at  Oxford  I  saw 
nothing  to  justify  this  suspicion,  but  a  trans- 
action iu  which  he  afterwards  engaged,  and 
in  which  I  saw  more  of  his  character  than  I 
had  done  before,  convinced  me  that  the 
writing  had  spoken  truly.  But  I  know  of 
a  much  more  curious  case,  in  which  a  cele- 
brated 'graptomancer'  was  able  to  judge  of 
character  more  correctly  by  handwriting 
than  he  had  been  able  to  do  by  personal  ob- 
servation. He  was  on  a  visit  to  a  friend's 
house,  where,  among  other  guests,  he  met 
a  lady  whose  conversation  and  manners 
greatly  struck  him,  and  for  whom  he  con- 
ceived a  strong  friendship,  based  on  the 
esteem  he  felt  for  her  as  a  singularly  truth- 
ful, pure-minded,  and  siugle-henrted  woman. 
The  lady  of  the  house,  who  knew  her  char- 
acter to  be  the  very  reverse  of  what  she 
seemed,  was  curious  to  know  whether  Mr. 

would  be  able  to  discover  this  by 

her  handwriting.  Accordingly,  she  pro- 
cured a  slip  of  this  lady's  writing  (having 
ascertained  he  had  never  seen  it)  acd  gave 
it  to  him  one  cvcuing  as  the  handwriting  of 
a  friend  of  hers  whose  character  she  wished 
him  t«  decipher.  His  usual  hnbit,  when  be 
undertook  to  exercise  this  power,  was  to 
take  a  slip  of  a  letter,  cut  down  lengthwise 
so  as  not  to  show  any  sentences,  to  his  room 
at  night,  and  to  bring  it  down,  with  his  judg- 
ment in  writing,  the  next  nioniing.  On  this 
occasion,  when  iho  party  were  seated  at  the 


from  handwriting  has  been,  in  certain  lare 
cases,  cultivated  to  the  extent  that  forgeries 
could  be  detected  at  a  ghnce,  and  persons 
passing  under  assumed  names  exposed 
from  the  manner  in  which  they  wr'ite  their 
assumed  names.  A  skilfulanalyzerofhand- 
writing  can  point  out  where  a  writer  is  firm 
in  his  purpose,  and  his  nerve.s  were  well- 
braced,  or  where  his  fears  overcome  resolu- 
tion— whore  he  pauses  to  reeoverhis  courage, 
where  he  changes  his  pen,  and  the  various 
other  contingencies  incident  to  forgery. 

Persons  have  attained  such  proficiency  in 
reading  character,  from  handwriting,  that  it 
is  recorded  of  one  who  made  this  subject  a 
study,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  directors  of 
a  bank,  none  of  whom  knew  the  gentleman, 
nor  were  known  by  him,  it  was  arranged 
that  he  should  meet  them  and  exhibit  his 
skill.  The  first  experiment  was  this  :  each 
director  wrote  on  a  piece  of  paper  the  names 
of  all  the  board.  Eleven  lists  were  handed 
him,  and  he  specified  the  writer  of  each  by 
the  manner  iu  which  he  wrote  his  own 
name,  lie  then  asked  them  to  write  their 
own  or  any  other  name,  with  as  nmch  d's- 
guiso  as  they  pleased,  and  as  many  as 
pleased  writing  on  the  same  paper,  and  in 
every  instance  he  named  the  writer. 

Another  experiment :  The  superscription 
of  a  letter  was  shown  him.  He  began  :  "A 
clergyman  who  reads  his  sermons,  and  is  a 
little  short-sighted.  Age  til,  six  feet  high, 
weighs   170,   lean,  bony,  obstinate,  irrita- 


ble  "      "Come,   come,"  said    one  of 

them,  "you  are  disclosing  altogether  too 
much  of  my  father-in-law." 

A  forged  note  which  had  been  discounted 
by  the  ca>hicr  was  presented.  He  (the 
gentleman)  anjilyzed  the  fmged  signaturf 
so  vividly  and  truthfully,  pointing  out  one 
of  the  members  of  the  board  of  directors  as 
the  executor  of  the  note,  and  he  (the  forger) 
fell  to  the  Hoor  as  if  dead.  What  seemed 
at  the  time  an  impossibility  to  the  other 
members  of  the  board,  namely,  that  one  who 
had  stood  so  hijb  in  their  estimation,  and 
whose  character  had  been  nnimpoached, 
should  bo  guilty  of  such  a  crime.  The 
"graptomancer's  "assertion  was  pronounced 
impossible  by  all,  and  yci.  subserjuent  in- 
vestigation, and  the  confession  of  thy  forger, 
proved  him  to  have  been  correct. 

Such  are  a  few  of  the  facta,  corroborating 
the  position,  that  handwriting  is  an  index  of 
character.  Wheu  the  subject  is  fully  inves- 
tigated, it  will,  undoubtedly,  appear  that 
writing  is  not  a  mere  mechanical  art,  but 
that  it  is  an  outbui-st  of  the  heart,  an  expo- 
nent of  life  and  character,  more  reliable  than 
the  delineations  of  the  countenance  to  the 
physiognomist.— Booi  keeper  and  Penimiti. 

A  French  Detective. 

We  walked  out  together,  and  in  the 
course  of  conversation  we  touched  upon  the 
way  in  which  some  persona  can  so  disguise 
themselves  as  to  hide  their  individunlity 
from   tlieir  most   intimate  friends.      1    ex- 

^   pressed    myself   as    being    doubtful 

whether  this  cmild  be  really  done, 
provided  the  parties  to  be  deceived 
were  on  the  lookout  for  such  decep- 
tion. My  companion  differed  from 
me,  and  offered  to  disguise  himself  so 
effectually  that  he  would,  in  the 
course  of  the  next  24  hours,  speak 
to  mo  for  ai  least  10  minutes  without 
arousing  my  suspicions.  I  accepted 
the  challenge,  and  staked  the  price 
of  a  dejeunir  at  any  cafe  ho  would 
like  to  name.  He  agreed,  and  the 
very  same  day  won  the  bet  in  the 
following  manner.  Shortly  after  leav- 
ing the  detective,  I  met  an  old  friend, 
who  usked  me  to  dine  with  hiin  at 
Versailles  thut  evening.  I  agreed 
to  do  so,  but  could  not  leave  Paris  as 
eariy  as  my  friend  intended  to  do, 
and  tiiercfore  told  him  I  should  go 
down  by  the  5:  30  train  from  the 
Garo  St.  Lazare.  I  did  so,  and  as 
I  got  into  a  first-class  can-iage  I  re- 
marked a  short,  gentlemanly-Jooking 
man,  with  white  hair,  who  followed 
Oio  into  the  same  compartment. 
Frenchman-like,  he  began  to  talk  about 
things  in  general,  and  we  chatted,  more  or 
less,  nearly  all  the  way  to  Versailles. 
When  within  10  minutes  or  so  of  our  desti- 
nation, my  new  friend  quietly  took  off  his 
hat,  pulled  off  a  wig,  got  rid  of  a  mustache, 
and  to  my  utter  amazement  sat  revealed  be- 
fore me  as  my  friend  the  detective !  How 
he  had  managed  to  find  out  that  I  was 
going  to  Versailles— which  I  had  no  idoi 
of  myself  wheu  I  left  him— or  how  he  had 
so  effectually  concealed  bis  appearance  that 
I,  sitting  within  three  feet  of  him,  had  no 
idea  he  w,is  the  mau  T  had  left  some  four 
hours  previously,  are  problems  which  I  can- 
notsolvo.  Thedetoclivehimselfonly  laughed 
when  I  asked  him  how  he  had  contrived  it. 
Ho  was  evidently  gioally  Mattered  at  the 
amazement  I  displayed,  but  beyond  show- 
ing me  with  some  pride  his  wig  and  mus- 
tache, he  was  very  retii-eut,  and  would  enter 
into  no  details.  That  he  had  fairiy  won  tiio 
breakfast  there  could  be  no  doubt,  but  he 
said  he  would  rather  put  off  the  event  until 
he  could  sfo  his  way  as  to  whether  or  not 
he  should  be  able  to  recover  a  part  or  the 
whole  of  the  property  which  my  friend  had 
lost.  We  then  parted,  ho  taking  the  train 
back  to  Paris,  I  going  to  the  house  where  I 
was  going  to  dine. — Macmillan's  Muijazine. 


A  letter  righter— the  proof-reader. 


Educational  Notes. 


'  What  sculptui 


u>  »  block  of  mnrble, 
■■<iiiratioD  IB  Ui  H  human  *niil." — Addifon. 
Ainherat  College  i«  talking  of  a  $.i(),(KH) 

A  New  museum  is  lo  be  built  f.ir  the 
Cuivoreity    of    Michigaa,    at    a     cost    r.f 

( 'ambridge,  England,  Univereity  has  the 
;'ri,'(-9t  freshman  class  it  has  over  known. 
1 1  numbers  833.— ZAe  Occident. 

Edinburgh  University  has  3,237  students, 
ilii!  School  of  Medicine  taking  the  largest 
|ir.i|iiirtion— 1638— 27ic  Occident. 

Ko  Kun  Hua,  professsor  ol  the  Chinese 
luiL-uage  and  literature  in  Harvard  Uni- 
v.rsity,  died   on   the   14th    ult.,    of  ]iuei.- 

The  new  catalogue  of  Oberlin  College, 
0\n»,  shows  that  1,325  students  are  in  at- 
II  ndiiuce  this  year,  of  whom  Ii41  are  gentle- 
iFK-n  and  684  ladies. 

'If  the  fifty-Bix  Professors  of  Harvard 
I  "llcgo,  forty-three  are  graduates  of  Har- 
v:iiil,  and  nine  of  the  fifteen  assistant  pro- 
fi  >,i.r3  are  also  Harvard  graduates Modern 

Fully  forty  millions  of  Webster's  spelling 

' l'*  liiive  been  olTored  up  on  the  altar  of 

l.iiHwIedge  in  this  country,  and  still  we  turn 

out  some  of  the  worst  spellers  iu  creation 

Times-Star. 

The  University  of  Sydney,  Australia,  has 
recently  opened  its  classes  and  degrees  to 
women.  It  has  also  recently  received  a  gift 
of  $2.»,000  to  endow  scholarships  which  may 
be  held  by  either  men  or  women. 

The  number  of  students  at  the  Vienna 
University  is  now  3,4.57,  exclusive  of  594 
unattached  sludentSj  or.  considerably  more 
than  at  the  German  Universities  of  Berlin 
and  Leipzig.    Thirty"-five  are  Americans. 

London  now  instructs  at  the  board  schools 
and  at  [he  voluntary  schools  over  500,000 
impils;  last  year  the  cost  per  capita  was 
83.18.  (Is  not  that  cheap  f  in  New  York 
It  costs  about  Vi5  per  capita.)— Sc/iooi 
Journal. 

An  American  school  for  the  study  of 
Greek  literature,  archaeology  and  art  will 
be  established  at  .\thens  uext  November. 
The  necessary  funds  have  been  secured,  and 
Dr.  Goodwin,  of  Harvard,  will  take  charge 
of  the  school. 

liy  the  will  of  the  late  Joseph  E.  Sheffield, 
I'lu.ler  of  the  Sheffield  Scientific  School  of 
Vilr  College,  that  institution  will  come  into 
|'"~><»3ion  of  near  half  a  million  dollars, 
making  it  the  best  endowed  technical  school 
in  the  United  States.— 4m.  Machinist. 

The  trustees  of  the  University  of  Boston 
reieully  received  a  legacy  of  $800,000,  from 
a  Mr.  Kich.  Sixty-four  free  scholarships 
w.re  immediately  established  for  the  benefit 
"f  diserving  students,  the  sum  set  aside  for 

i)'i-  I'urposo  being  about  $1311,000 The 

<  I.  .  nh-nt. 

Mr.  Stephen  Whitney  Phteuiit  has  left 
u.-.rly  .$1,000,000  to    Columbia    C.dlego. 

I  'n'   yift    coiwists  of   a   valuable  library, 
"  111.  Ii  will  become  the  property  of  the  col 

-'    at    once,   and   about  $<iOO,000.     Mr. 

II  'iii.t  requests  in  his  will  that  the  library 
-li.ill  He  kept  together  and  be  known  as  the 

I'linuix  Library  of  Columbia   College 

( '^'itcordicnsis. 

-t  Catharine's  College,  .Alexandria, 
-  111.  conducted  by  the  Brothers  of  the 
iiiiu  Schools,  is  attended  by  over  .500 
Ills.  It  is  open  to  all,  without  diptinc- 
"t  race,  nationality,  or  belief  The 
'"  of  instruction  is  ordinarily  the 
-  'i  tongue,  but  English,  German,  Greek 
Arabic  are  also  taught  as  living  lan- 
■  The  French  Consul  presided  at  a 
ildio  distribution  of  prizes;  near  him 
"Ml-  seated  Mabmoud  Bey,  brother  of  the 


Khedive,  with  his  aid-decamp,  Mochlin 
Bey;  also  the  young  princes.  Said  and 
Omar,  and  a  number  of  pashas  and  beys, 
who  are  the  prinrip,il  government  officials 
of  Alexandria.— .A''ofre  Dame  Scholastic. 

Peck's  Sun  of  .Milwaukee  says:  "  CoUege 
students  will,  a  dozen  of  them,  pitch  on  to 
an  unarmed,  weak  freshman,  pummel  him 
till  he  c*n'l  walk,  and  then  leave  him  naked 
out  in  the  woods  lo  freeze,  while  Sullivan 
whips  his  man  in  a  fair  standing-up  fight, 
and  then  shakes  hjinds  with  him.  And  yet 
Sullivan  is  a  brute,  and  the  college  students 
are  worthy  members  of  the  first  society, 
sous  of  bankers,  and  preachers  and  cap- 
italists." 


Educational  Fancies. 
Vassar's  cuss  word  is  "  Buy  Gum." 
Which  of  the  reptiles  is  a  mathemati- 
cian f    The  Adder. 

The  man  who  was  "spell-bound"  ob- 
tained relief  by  consulting  the  dictionary. 

Carlyle  frequently  made  mistakes  in 
spelling.  It  is  the  same  way  with  Josh 
Billings.  -N.  0.  Ficuyune. 

A  Sunday-school  teacher  asked  the  class 
the  question,  "What  did  Simon  sayt" 
"  Thi-mbs  up ! "  said  a  little  girl. 

President  Arthur  was  once  a  school- 
master. Some  of  the  office-holdirs  are 
anxious  to  know  whether  they  are  to  be 

Force  of  habit:  Tutor  in  mechanics :  "If 
a  body  meet  a  body—"  Sophomore  (in  an 
undertone,  mechanic-ally)  "Coming  through 
the  rye." 

"  I  declare  1 "  exclaimed  a  slovenly  writer, 
"  I  %vish  I  could  find  a  pen  that  would  just 
suit  me."  And  instantly  came  the  chorus, 
"Try  a  pig  pen." 

"J.  Grey;  Pack  my  box  with  five  dozen 
quills."  Wonderful  as  it  may  seem,  tBe 
twenty-fi^x  letters  of  the  alphabet  may  be 
found  in  the  above  sentence. 

Professor  of  Anatomy  (placidly  produc- 
ing the  brains  of  a  couple  of  sheep) :  "  I 
have  been  fortimale  enough  to  secure  some 
brains  for  the  class."    Class  ?  f  !  i—Ex. 

Latin  class :  Prof,  to  student  (slightly 
absent-minded):'  "Please  translate  In- 
struxit  tripliccm  aciem."  Student:  "He 
drew  three  aces."     Slight  sensation  in  class. 

Junior  class  in  zoology :  Examiner :  My 
good  child,  what  are  t|uadrupeds!  Scholar: 
Animals  with  four  legs.  Examiner:  Very 
good.  Now  name  some.  Scholar :  A  dog, 
a  horse,  two  hens. 

Boy  (to  a  lady  visitor):  "Teacher, 
there's  a  gal  over  there  a  winkin'  at  me." 
Teacher:  "Well,  theu,  don't  look  at  her." 
Boy:  "But  if  I  don't  look  at  her  she'll 
wink  at  somebody  else." 

Burdette  is  writing  a  life  of  William 
Peim.  We  shall  wait  to  see  if  he  can  re- 
sist the  temptation  to  begin  the  biography 
in  the  good  old  way :  "  I  take  my  Peun  in 
hand."— Oi7  City  Derrick. 

Scone— Young  ladies'  hoarding-school.— 
Prof:  "What  cm  you  say  of  Pluto  t" 
Miss  D.-"He  was  the  son  of  Satan,  and 
when  his  father  died,  he  gave  him  Hell." 
Horror  of  class — The  Occident. 

Inferential :—"  Yes,"  exclaimed  Brown, 
"yen.  always  find  me  with  a  pen  in  iny 
hand.  I'm  a  regular  penholder,  my  boy." 
■'  Let's  see,"  said  Fogg,  musingly,  "  a  pen- 
holder IS  usually  a  stick,  isn't  itf  "— JSosfon 
Transcript. 

Dr.  Bisloy,  of  Philadelphia,  speaking  of 
the  condition  of  the  eyes  of  school  chil- 
dren, says,  "  Hypermetropic  eyes  are  more 
numerous  than  both  myopic  and  emmetro- 
pic; that  ne.xt  to  myopic  astigmatism,  dis- 
tinct lesions  are  most  prevalent  in  eyes 
with  hypermetropic  astigmatUm."  From 
this  it  appears  that  "the  eyes  have  it"— 
but  what  it  is  they  have  is  a  conundrum  to 


.  us,  and  we  regret  that  they  have  it No- 

ristoum  Herald. 

Some  Princeton  College  boys  offervd  to 
saw  wood  for  a  poor  widow,  but  she  replied 
that  if  they  would  relay  the  four  rods  of 
sidewalk  lorn  up  by  their  crowd,  she  would 

ask   Heaven    to   see   to  the  wood   pile 

Detroit  Free  Press. 

At  a  young  Indies'  semiuary,  recently, 
during  an  examination  in  history,  one  of 
the  pupils  was  interrogated  thus :— "  Mary, 
did  Martin  Luther  dio  a  natural  death?" 
"  No,"  was  the  reply ;  "  hi 
cated  by  a  bull." — Harvard  Lampoon. 

A  distinguished  lawyer  of  Chicago  can 
write  three  hands- one  that  his  copyist  can 
read,  another  that  he  only  can  rend,  and 
another  that  no  one  can  ri^nd.  John  B. 
Gough  mentions  another  gentleman  with 
three  hands— a  right  hand,  a  left  hand,  and 
a  little  behindhand. 

"  When  I  grow  up  I'll  bo  a  man,  won't 
I  ("  asked  a  little  Austin  boy  of  his  mother. 
"  Yes,  my  son,  but  if  you  want  to  be  a  man 
you  must  be  industrious  at  school,  and  learn 
how  to  behave  yourself."  "  Why, 
do  tbe  lazy  boys  turn  <nit  to  be  w 
when  they  grow  up  f " 

Professor  of  Chemistry :  "Suppose  you 
were  called  to  a  patient  who  had  swallowed 
a  heavy  dose  of  oxalic  acid ;  what  would 
you  administer  K"  K.  (who  is  preparing 
for  the  ministry,  and  who  only  lakes  chem- 
istry because  it  is  obligatory):  "I  would 
administer  the  saornniont." 

Pupil:  "I  thought  of  writing  that  in, 
but  I  feared  it  wouldn't  be  Dentch  to  the 
subject."  Professor:  "Feared  it  wouldn't 
bewhatf"  Pupil:  "  Dentch  to  thn  sub- 
ject, sir."  Professor:  "  You  mean  german 
to  the  subject  t"  Pupil:  "  Yes,  sir,  that's 
what  I  meant,  but  I  thought  you'd  prefer 
the  synonym." 

The  Sand-blast. 
Among  the  wonderful  and  useful  inven- 
tions of  the  times  is  the  common  sand-blasl. 
Suppose  you  should  desire  to  letter  a  piece 
of  marble  for  a  gravestone ;  you  cover  the 
stone  with  a  sheet  of  wax  nn, thicker  than 
a  wafer,  then  cut— in  wax— the  name,  date, 
etc.,  leaving  the  marble  exposed.  Now 
pass  it  under  the  blast,  and  the  wax  will 
not  be  injured  at  all,  but  the  sand  will  cut 
letters  deep  into  the  stone.  Or,  if  you  de- 
sire raised  letters,  a  (lower  or  other  emblem, 
cut  the  letters,  llowers,  etc.,  in  wax  and 
stick  them  upon  the  stone ;  then  pass  the 
stone  under  the  blast,  aud  the  sand  will  out 
it  away.  .  Remove  the  wax  and  you  have 
the  raised  letters.  Take  a  piece  of  French 
plate-glass,  say  two  feet  by  six,  and  cover 
it  with  fine  lace,  pass  it  under  the  blast,  and 
not  a  thread  of  lace  will  be  injured,  but  the 
sand  will  cut  deep  into  the  gla-<s  wherever 
it  is  not  covered  by  the  lace.  Now  remove 
the  lace,  and  yuu  have  every  delicate  and 
beautiful  figure  raised  upon  the  glass.  In 
this  way  beautiful  figures  of  all  kinds  arc 
cut  in  glass,  and  at  small  expense.  The 
workmen  can  hold  their  hands  under  the 
blast  n-ithont  harm,  even  when  it  is  rapidly 
cutting  away  the  hardest  glass,  iron  or  stone 
but  they  must  look  out  for  finger  nails,  for 
they  will  be  whittled  oft'  right  hastily.  If 
they  put  on  steel  thimbles  to  protect  the 
nails,  it  will  do  little  good,  for  the  sand  will 
soon  whittle  them  away ;  but  if  tliey  rap  a 
piece  of  soft  cotton  around  them  they  arc 
safe.  You  will  at  once  see  the  philosophy 
of  it.  The  sand  whittles  away  and  destroy 
any  hard  substance,  even  glass,  but  iloc 
not  aflect  substances  that  are  soft  and  yield 
ing— like  wax,  cotton,  or  fine  laces,  or  evei 
the  humai  hand. 


have  your  mistress  •  '  To  which  the  young 
lady  very  naturally  and  cleverly  responded : 
"Say  yes,  pussy."  Bash'ulness  on  the 
part  of  lovers,  and  want  of  courage  in  con- 
nection with  popping  the  momentous  ques- 
tion, have  formed  the  subject  of  many  a 
story.  Here  is  one:  X  gentleman  had 
long  been  paying  attention  to  a  young  lady 
whom  ho  was  very  anxious  to  maniy,  but  to 
whom  he  had  never  ventured  to  declare  his 
passion.  When  opportunity  offered,  his 
courage  descried  him,  and  when  he  was  re- 
solved to  speak,  the  fair  one  never  could  be 
found  abmo  or  disengaged.  Driven  to  des- 
peration, ho  one  day  succeeded  in  accom- 
plishing his  purpose  in  a  somewhat  remark- 
able manner  at  a  dinner-party.  To  most 
people  a  dinner-jiarty  would  seem  the  most 
suitable  occasion  for  overtures  of  this  de- 
scription, especially  when,  as  in  this  instance, 
the  lady  is  seated  at  the  opposite  side  of  the 
table  from  her  admirer.  The  latter,  how- 
ever, was  equal  to  the  occasion.  Tearing  a 
leaf  from  his  pocket-hook,  he  wrote  on  it 
under  cover  of  the  tiiblc :  "  Will  you  be  my 
wife  t  Write  Y'es  <.r  No  at  the  foot  of  Ihi?." 
Calling  a  seivanl,  he  asked  him  in  a  whis- 
per to  take  the  slip— which,  of  course,  was 
carefully  folded  and  directed— to  "the  lady 
in  blue  opposite."  The  servant  did  as  re- 
quested ;  and  the  gentleman,  iu  an  agony  of 
siTspense,  watched  him  give  it  to  the  lady, 
and  fixed  liis  eyes,  with  badly  disguised 
eagerness,  to  try  and  judge  from  her  ex- 
pression how  the  quaintly  made  offer  was 

reci-ivcd.     Ho   had   forgotten   one  thing 

namely,  that  ladies  sildom  carry  pencils 
abirut  thein  at  a  dinner-party.  I'lie  beloved 
one  was,  however,  not  to  bo  balllcd  by  sa 
trifling  an  obstacle.  After  reading  the  note 
calmly,  she  turned  to  the  servant  aud  said : 
"  Tell  the  gentlemnn,  Yes."  They  were 
married  iu  due  cumsc.—Chamlicrs' Journal. 

They  Took  Their  Pens  in  Hand. 

(fiwi  the  Lawrence  {i[,m.)  Ammcan.) 

Specimens  of  what  the  postal-clerks  have 

been  called  upon  to  decipher  are  given  be- 

^opied  from  envelcqics  sent  from  or  to 

the  Lawrence  Post-office,  the  capitals  being 

given  as  found  iu  the  directions: 


Popping  the  Question. 

Constitutionally  timid  men  might,  if 
necessary,  resort  to  some  such  expedient  as 
that  of  the  youth  whose  baohfulness  would 
not  admit  of  his  proposing  directly  to  ihe 
object  of  his  affections,  but  who  at  length 
summoned  up  sulBcieut  courage  to  lift  the 
young  kdy's  cat  and  say :  "  Pussy,  may  I 


The  letters  directed  .is  above  are  known 
to  have  reached  tlteir  proper  destination 
simply  through  the  efficiency  of  the  postal- 
clerks. 

The  Hare  and  the  Fish  having  borrowed 
tobacco  of  each  other  for  several  months, 
and  agreed  perfectly  well  on  politics,  set 
ont  to  make  a  journey  together  and  sec  the 
sights  of  the  World.  They  had  not  pro- 
ceeded many  miles  when  a  wolf  was  dis- 
covered iu  pursuit.  The  Hare  at  once 
started  oft'  at  the  top  of  his  speed,  but  the 
Fish  called  imt : 

"  Do  not  leave  me  thus  ;  I  cannot  run  ! " 

"A  Fish  who  cannot  run  has  no  business 

to  make  a  journey,"  replied  the  Hare,  and 

The  Fi>li  hurried  after  as  fast  as  possible, 
and  both  foim.l  themselves  on  the  bank  of  a 
river,  while  the  Wolf  was  yet  a  furlong 
away.  The  Fish  at  once  rolled  into  the 
water  and  darted  away,  but  the  Hare 
shouted  after  him : 

"  Do  not  leave  me — I  cannot  sivim." 

"  A  Hare  who  cannot  swim  has  no  busi- 
ness to  make  a  journiiy,"  and  he  sailed  away 
and  left  the  Hare  to  be  eaten  on  the  half- 
shell. 

MORAL. 

An  Owl  who  had  overheard  the  affair 
from  his  pcfch  in  a  persimmon  tree  drew 
down  his  left  eye  and  softly  said : 

"  Yon  don't  know  a  Man  until  yon  have 
travelled  with  him." — Detroit  Eree  Press. 


Well-doing, 
'riiink  ihe  frooil, 


Thnugliti 

That  grow  fure^ 

B4-ariiig  riche»t  Iruil  ii 

Such  alont'  cno  mi 

T>i«  tliiiikvr 

Strong  to  conquer  in  ll 


Lore  thegnod, 

Anil  not  ihp  clwver, 
Nolile  tni-n ! 
The  world  cau  never 
Ctwt«-  lo  praine  ih»f  good  they've  done. 
They  alone,  the  true 
Who  gather 
]Iarve«i«  which  their  deeds  have  won. 

Do  the  good. 

And  nnt  ihe  clever, 
Fill  ihv  life 

Willi  true  endeavor; 
Strive  to  he  the  nnhleiir  iniiii. 
Not  what  otherw  do, 
But  r&llier 
])n  the  veiT  heet  you  can. 

—EUrfric  Sparh. 

Bonaparte's  Handwriting. 

Francis  I.  of  Austria  said  uf  Iiis  sou-in- 
liiw,  after  the  battle  of  Waterlou:  "I 
always  thought  that  man  would  end  badly, 
he  wrote  such  a  villainoua  hand."  And  in- 
deed, it  became  so  bad  as  to  be  almost 
wholly  illegible.  If  read  at  all,  it  is  by 
gness,  or  that  second  sight  which  the  "  blind 
clerks"  of  the  Dead  Letter  Office  are  popu- 
larly supposed  to  possess.  Much  of  it  is 
represented  by  blaulcs  in  the  transsriptions, 
and  there  are  many  words  at  the  translation 
of  which  by  an  expert  the  well-tried  reader 
of  manuscript  can  only  shake  a  doubting 
head.  But  this  was  not  always  so.  While 
he  was  a  subaltom  of  artillery  his  hand,  al- 
though never  good,  was  at  least  human  and 
clear  and  legible.  There  was  a  sort  of  cor- 
respondence between  It  and  his  simple,  di- 
rect bearing  of  those  days,  when  he  dis- 
dained personal  appearance,  and  the  long, 
flat,  straight  black  hair  partly  hid  and 
lengthened  the  sallow  face,  and  everything 
about  him  was  grave,  rude,  austere.  He 
was  not  born  to  a  bad  hand,  although,  like 
Lamartiue,  Byron  and  many  other  great 
men,  ho  could  never  learn  to  spell ;  and 
after  the  ISth  Brumaire  the  laws  of  orthog- 
raphy incommoded  him  fjiiite  as  little  as  any 
olhers.  But  no  matter  'low  bad  his  writing 
was,  "  La  plume entic  fifi«»mni«,"a8Lamar- 
lino  wrote,  "  nous  vahtt  une  epee." 

lu  a  recent  publication,  "L'Histoire  de 
Napoleon  I.  d'aj^es  son  Ecriture,"  the  Abbe 
Ji-an-Utppolyto,  a  graphiologist,  as  he  culls 
■  hiiiieelf,  makes  an  analysis  of  the  Emperor's 
writing  and  character;  and  a  clever  and  in- 
teresting book  it  h,  due  allowance  being 
made  for  the  eccentricities  and  occasional 
wildueps  of  the  specialist  and  expert,  which 
in  themselves  are  often  amusing.  The 
Abbe  maintains  that  it  was  the  passionate 
vehemence  of  his  nature  and  his  impene- 
trable (limniulation  that  broke  out  in  the 
furious  illegibility  of  his  writing  and  con- 
•piered  the  earlier  hab'.ts  of  his  pen,  which 
still  sometimes  reappeared  in  the  Englisih 
oxercisos  he  wrote  at  St.  Helena  with  Las 
Cases.  Oue  of  the  most  remarkable  facts  is 
that  the  ehango  fur  the  bad  took  place 
when  the  Corsicnn  Captain  Bonaparte  of 
1792,  "  who  distinguished  himself  so  much 
nt  the  siege  of  Toulon,"  became  the  French 
General  Bonaparte.  Carlylo  brought  his 
"French  Revo'ution"  to  a  chise  with  the 
"whirl  of  grappshot"  on  the  steps  of  St. 
Roch  on  the  I3lh  Veudeinaire(4th  October, 
171*5,);  and  it  is,  curiously  euoueh,  from 
General  Bouaparlt-'s  skillfully  garbk-d  draft 
report  of  that  d.iy,  when  he  really  entered 
<m  the  scene,  that  ^L  Michon  first  has  oc- 
casion to  demuustrate  the  complete  graphic 
change.  Thenceforward  his  writing  altered 
but  little.  Frankness  has  vanished ;  letters 
become  confused,  lopped,  strangely  scamped, 
often  replaced  by  formless  scratches  which 
are  utterly  illegible.  The  pen,  says  the 
Abbe,  seems  to  swallow  tho  words,  which 
have  to  be  divined.  It  is  a  hidden  hand. 
This  was  n  natural  result,  says  this  biogra- 
p'^er,  in  an  arch-couspirjilor  against  every- 
thing, who  had  above  all  to  rely  upon  pro- 
found diwimylalioQ  andabsidute  iiiipor.etra- 
bility.     Men  who  can  hold  their  tongues 


show  this  peculiarity  in  their  writing ;  for 
the  writer  is  the  slave  of  the  thinker.  M. 
Michon  has  seen  many  mysterious  hands ; 
but  the  true  sphinx  appears  in  Napoleon's 
alone,  from  the  day  when  his  comprehensive 
glance  showed  him  the  mastery  of  Europe, 
and  he  began  to  eoiiibine  those  plans  which 
astonished  the  world.  Fine  "gladiolate" 
strokes,  which  sometimes  termi.iate  almost 
every  word,  indicate  that  marked  finesse 
which,  allied  to  his  powers  of  concealment, 
made  the  complete  diplomatist  who  shows 
himself  in  the  tortuous,  horribly  serjientine, 
almost  spiral  lines  of  his  writing,  which 
Talleyrand,  the  king  of  negotiators,  never 
surpassed. 

Napoleon's  passionate  nature,  to  which  his 
microscopic  historian  attributes  many  of  his 
gigantic  mistakes,  always  acted  on  first  im- 
pressions when  it  broke  through  the  habitual 
firm  calm  to  which  he  ever  tried  to  school 
himself.  This  mighty  struggle  of  the  head 
with  the  heart  shaped  the  whole  of  his  fate- 
ful history,  and  is  shown  to  this  studont  of 
his  writing  by  the  constant  mixture  of  up- 
right with  sloping  letters.  In  intimate  con- 
nection with  this  sign  is  the  extreme  varia- 
bility of  the  height  of  the  letters,  which 
indicates  great  mobility  of  impressions. 
"  The  soul  of  fire  was  volatile  as  a  tiame." 
The  faculty  of  thought  was  in  continual  fer- 
'mentations.  The  imagination  soars  \vith 
the  long  stroke  of  a  d. 

But  the  volcanic  portion  of  his  charactei 
would  have  been  controlled  had  it  not  been 
for  a  partial  organic  lesion  of  the  brain, 
which  is  the  true  key  to  the  great  dissonance 
of  his  acts.  He  himself  said  (but  it  was  at 
St.  Helena),  "He  goes  mad  wlio  sleeps  in 
the  bed  of  kings";  and  it  was  this  cerebral 
aberration  which,  combining  with  liis  head- 
strong passion,  led  him  constantly  to  declare 
war  within  twenty-four  hours  against  the 
first  comer;  to  divorce  a  wife  he  loved;  to 
propose  a  kingdom  of  Hayti  to  Louis 
XVIII.,  or  to  take  a  million  of  men  into  the 
steppes  of  Russia.  Chateaubriand  said  of 
the  Napoleonic  ideas,  '^Si/st€ine  d'unfou  ou 
d'un  enfant " ;  but  tlie  mental  derangement 
was  made  plainer  to  tlie  Abbe  by  the  ap- 
parent unconscious  leaps  and  bounds  of  the 
imperial  pen,  and  especially  by  the  strange 
abnormal  form  and  excessive  development 
of  the  letter  p  in  Napoleon's  writing.  The 
historian  maintains  that  the  writing  of 
nil  the  partially  deranged  whicli  lie  has  ex- 
amined exhibits  some  similar  terrible  sign, 
which  he  cjills  "  la  petite  bete."  This  "sign  " 
generally  consists  of  a  nervous,  disordered, 
unusual  stroke,  which  falls  fatally  and  spon- 
taneously from  the  pen.  Pascal,  whose 
imagination  was  so  out  of  gear  that  he 
always  saw  an  abyss  yawning  at  his  side, 
and  whose  writing  in  his  later  years  Na- 
poleon's most  resembles,  used  an  extrava- 
gant and  accusing  g. 

The  clear-headedness  and  precision  of 
the  general  whose  whole  art  of  war  enlmi- 
uated  in  being  the  strongest  at  a  particular 
point  is  shown  by  his  often  using  a  fresh 
paragraph  for  a  fresh  idea,  and  in  the  profu- 
sion of  space  and  light  between  the  lines, 
the  words,  and  often  between  the  letters  of 
eailier  handwriting.  But  the  intuition,  the 
eagle  eye  which  enabled  him  always  to 
seize  this  point  of  concentratirm  is  mani- 
fested by  the  frecpient  separation  of  the  let- 
ters in  his  words.  Like  Mazarin,  too,  he 
runs  several  words  together:  a  mark  of  the 
deductive  logician,  of  the  positive,  practical 
man  who  tends  rapidly  and  directly  toward 
the  realization  of  his  aims.  His  strong  will, 
his  masterful  and  despotic  nature,  are  de- 
noted by  the  forcible  manner  in  which  he 
crosses  his  (  high  up.  Wonderful  tenacity 
is  shown  by  the  "  hariioons,"  or  horizontal 
pot-hooks  which  terminate  the  last  stroke 
of  many  words ;  they  are,  as  it  were,  the 
claws  of  an  eagle.  A  profusion  of  club-like 
strokes  show  indomitable  resolution  and  ob- 
stinacy, which  may  be  seen  to  have  been 
intractable  by  the  implacable  hardness  and 
angular  rigidity  of  the  whole  wTiting.  The 
da«h  of  meanness  which  was  always  present 
in  the  man  who  gave  a  name  to  "  caporal " 
tobacco  is  shown  in  vhc  little  crooks  which 


sometimes  citmmence  or  terminate  the  letter 
m,  and  in  his  signature,  which  was  not 
royal  like  that  of  Louis  XIV.  Until  he 
became  Emperor  he  always  wrote  his 
name  Buona-  or  Bona  Parte,  or  abbre- 
viated it  BP.  Afterward  he  wrote  NaPo- 
kon  or  NP.—St.  James's  Gazette. 


Engineering  Science   in   the 
Hoosac  Tunnel. 

Working  simultaneously  .from  opposite 
sides  of  the  mountain,  it  is  no  longer  Pat- 
rick burrowing  through  by  whatever  zigzag 
course  he  may  chance  lo  take,  but  these  tun- 
nelings  from  opposite  sides  must  be  so  di- 
rected that  they  shall  finally  meet,  and  fall 

shall  this  be  done  ?  As  any  one  can  see 
who  gives. the  matter  a  moment's  thought  a 
slight  deviation  from  the  mathematical  lino 
required  would  cause  the  two  arms  of  the 
tunnel  to  miss  each  other.  The  width  of 
the  tunnel  is  24  feet.  It  is  only  necessary, 
therefore,  for  the  approaching  excavations 
to  swerve  from  their  true  place  at  the  point 
of  expected  junction  by  anything  more  than 
half  that  measure,  or  12  feet,  in  order  to 
slip  by  each  other,  and  go  further  and  fur- 
ther asunder,  instead  of  coming  together. 
Who  will  measure  and  set  the  angle  which 
shall  determine  the  momentous  difference 
in  such  a  case  between  success  and  failure  ? 
The  tunnel  is  to  be  nearly  five  miles  long. 
Eacli  channel  from  the  opposite  sides  of  the 
mountain  will  therefore  be  nearly  two  miles 
and  a  half  in  length.  The  problem,  then, 
is  to  run  two  lines  of  excavation  through  a 
mountain,  with  no  visible  point  in  front  to. 
aim  at,  as  the  engineer  has  in  the  open  field, 
and  yet  to  have  them  so  nearly  coincident 
in  direction,  for  a  distance  of  12,000  feet 
each,  that  tliey  wilt  not  miss  each  other, 
but  form  one  continuous  whole.  No  Creed- 
moor  ritle  needs  to  be  aimed  so  nicely  in 
order  to  hit  the  bull's  eye.  No  allowances 
for  wind  to  swerve,  or  tlie  power  of  gravita- 
tion to  draw  down,  the  ball  from  its  proper 
rourse,  render  the  marksman's  problem  so 
difficult  of  solution  as  is  the  engineer's  in  this 
case.  An  error  in  the  sighting  of  his  in- 
strument, amounting  literally  to  a  hair's 
breadth,  would  send  the  anna  of  his  excava- 
tion wide  asunder  Into  the  bowels  of  the  dark 
rock,  leaving  his  tunnel  no  tunnel  at  all, 
but  only  a  worm's  track  in  the  mountain. 
But  the  problem  in  this  instance  was  still 
further  complicated.  To  hasten  the  com- 
pletion of  the  tunnel  by  p"oviding  additional 
faces  on  which  the  workmen  could  operate, 
as  well  as  for  tlie  purpose  of  ventilation,  it 
was  determined  to  sink  a  shaft  from  the  top 
of  the  mountain  to  the  level  of  the  innnel, 
midway  between  the  two  ends.  Two  fac- 
tors were  thus  at  once  added  to  the  prob- 
lem :  First,  to  fix  so  accurately  the  point  on 
the  mountain  at  which  to  begin  the  down- 
ward excavation,  that  when,  after  working 
by  faith  for  four  years — the  estimated  time 
necessary — the  miners  should  have  reached 
the  requisite  depth,  they  would  he  in  the 
exact  line  of  the  projected  and  partly  com- 
pleted tunnel ;  and,  secondly,  from  that  pit 
in  the  depths  of  the  mountain,  so  as  to  be 
able  to  aim  their  course  in  either  direction 
so  correctly  as  to  be  sure  of  meeting  the 
company  of  miners  approaching  them  from 
both  extremes  of  the  tunnel.  In  short,  here 
were  four  tunnels  to  be  made  at  the  base  of 
the  mountain  at  one  and  the  same  time, 
and  another  from  the  summit  perpendicular 
to  them,  and  all  to  be  exactly  in  the  same 
plane,  on  penalty  of  the  failure  of  the  entire 
enterprise!  It  was  a  difficult  problem. 
But  it  was  solved  most  triutnphantly.  When 
the  headings  from  the  central  shaft  and 
from  the  eastern  portal  came  together,  as 
come  together  they  did,  their  alignments 
swerved  from  each  other  by  the  almost  in- 
fioitesimat  space  of  tive-cixteenths  of  an 
inch!  It  was  an  unparalleled  feat  of  en- 
gineering. With  the  best  engineering  talent 
of  Europe  the  opposite  arms  of  the  Mont 
Cenis  Tunnel  had  a  divergence  of  more  than 
half  a  yard.  The  office  and  worth  of  sci- 
ence were  admirably  illustrated  in  the  case 


of  the  Hrtosac.  It  was  science,  applied 
science,  which  built  this  great  thoroughfare 
of  traffic  and  travel.  Its  liue.s  and  propor- 
tions were  all  ast^ertained  and  laid  down  by 
scientific  calculation.  Patrick  could  pound 
the  drill  and  light  the  fuse  that  would  ex- 
plode the  charges  of  pciwder;  but  witlumt 
scientific  engineering  to  lay  his  path  for  him 
and  mark  every  drill-hole,  Patrick  would 
have  wandered  in  the  deptiis  of  the  moun- 
tain till  doomsday,  with  his  powder  and 
drills,  and  no  practicable  tunnel  would  have 
been  the  result. — Atlantic  Monthly  for 
March. 

The  Stinging-wasp  the  Pioneer 
Paper-maker, 
The  common  wasp,  the  terror  of  the 
small  boy  in  the  country,  was  undoubtedly 
the  pioneer  in  the  paper  business,  and  to 
this  despised  and  abused  insect  tho  Herald 
is  disposed  to  award  ample  credit.  The 
wasp  made  his  paper,  too,  very  nmch  tho 
same  way  that  his  human  imitators  do  to- 
day, using  often  the  very  same  material  and 
producing,  in  his  rude  way,  a  species  of 
paper  nearly  as  delicate  as  the  finest  tissue 
grades.  Who  will  say,  therefore,  that 
natuie  is  not  a  great  teacher  ?  Spiders 
were  spinners  of  intricate  webs  before  cloth 
was  invented ;  the  silkworm  disclosed  to 
the  world  a  mine  of  industry  and  wealth 
which  it  is  impossible  to  estimate,  and  the 
beaver  gave  to  man  his  earliest  and  moat 
valuable  lessons  in  dam-building.  It  is 
recorded  in  history  that,  in  G701  b.  C, 
Numa,  who  lived  300  years  before  Alex- 
ander, left  several  works  upon  papyrus,  and 
that  this  is  probably  the  earliest  authenticated 
use  of  this  material.  As  far  hack  as  1800 
years  ago  the  Chinese  are  thought  to  have 
discovered  how  to  make  paper  from  fibrous 
matter  reduced  to  pulp  in  water.  About 
the  year  706  A.D.,  an  Arabian  manufactory 
of  paper  from  cotton  was  established.  In 
i  151  the  Spaniards  manufactured  from 
cotton  various  kinds  of  paper  scarcely 
inferior  in  iiuality  to  those  made  from  linen 
rags.  Linen  paper  seems'to  have  been  first 
used  in  England  about  the  year  1342,  and 
it  gradually  supplanted  that  made  of  cotton.  " 
The  French  erected  their  first  paper-mills 
in  J  314,  and  the  Germans  began  manufac- 
ture at  a  not  much  later  date.  John  Tate 
built  the  first  paper-mills  of  England  at 
Hartford  in  1498.  But  France  supplied 
England  with  most  of  her  paper  until  Louis 
XIV.  drove  out  the  the  Huguenot  manu- 
facturers, many  of  whom,  after  emigrating 
to  England,  began  making  a  fine,  white 
quality  of  paper,  not  produced  before  in  that 
country,  where  from  that  time  the  paper  in- 
dustry enlarged  and  prospered,  until  soon 
more  than  enough  of  the  material  was 
manufactured  to  cover  home  consumption. 
The  ancient  hangings  of  tapestry  were 
superseded  about  tlie  year  1640  by  wall- 
paper of  beautiful  designs. 


Blue  £ 


id  Black  Indellible  Ink. 


solution  of  iodine  of  potas- 
sium as  much  more  iodine  as  it  contains, 
and  pour  this  solution  into  one  of  yellow 
prusaiate  of  potash,  containing  as  much  of 
the  solid  prussiate  as  the  whole  auiouut  of 
iodine.  Soluble  Prussian  blue  precipitates, 
and  iodine  of  potassium  remains  in  solution. 
After  filtering,  the  pre(-ipi!;it'.-  is  dissolved  in 
water,  and  form;  i  Mir  ink,  i  uijiiiiiiing  no 
free  acid,  and,  thnlurr,  ;iil,i[.ii'il  lo  steel- 
pens.  If  thp  suluM.:-  bine  I.l-  i.d.l.-d  to  com- 
mon black  ink,  from  galls,  tho  result  is 
black  ink,  which  cannot  be  removed  from 
paper  without  destroying  it. 

This  is  the  way  a  Yasaar  girl  tells  a 
joke:  "Oh  girls!  I  heard  just  tho  best 
thing  to-day.  It  was  too  funny — I  can't 
remember  how  it  came  about — but  one  of 

the  girls  said  to  Professor  Mitchell Oh, 

dear,  I  can't  remember  just  what  she  said  ; 
hut  Prof.  Mitchell's  answer  was  just  too 
funny  for  any  use.  I  forgot  just  exactly 
what  he  said,  but  it  was  too  good  for  any- 
thing ! " — Educational  Journal  of  Ya. 


Tie  al    e      t   oas  pfolo  en//  a  ed  from  an  oruf  nal  <iengn  by  G    W    Mirhael   of  Delawme    Of  o 


The       Peirce       Method     of     In- 
struction—Its  Application   in 

Public  Schools. 
First,  or  I'rhnnnj  Grude :  It  is  evident 
thiit  iu  teachiog  little  folks,  or  anyone,  n 
alftndanl  innst  be  taken  that  will  reduce  the 
iDstruction  to  such  a  point  that  conception 
rnay  begin.  Hence  the  nei-essiry  of  personal 
iustructinn  —  the  ability  and  standard  of 
each  boinc  peculiarly  different,  from  all  the 
ri\i.  <1iil.li.  II  siMJuld  not  be  told  too  much 
ii'  1  iKiH.  lir.;iiisf  the  niiud  is  not  capable 
III  II  tjiiiniti;  il ;  ;lii(1  what  IS  attempted  should 
he  accoiiiplislicil  so  as  to  form  a  irtie  basis 
for  the  building  of  years,  while  at  the  same 
time  train  the  mind  so  systematically  that 
the  more  suggestion  of  a  new  idea  will  be 
grasped  at  once.  The  best  instrnction  for 
little  folks  is  not  first,  second  and  third 
principles,  or  straight  line,  right  and  left 
curve,  &c.,  nor  anything  akin  to  it.  I  do 
not  assume  this  position,  but  talte  it  from 
c/wic«  and  an  innate  desire  to  serve  the  best 
interests  of  the  profession.  My  reasoning 
is  based  upon  years  of  experience  in  district, 
normal,  private,  public  schools  and  commer- 
cial colleges.  Should  it  be  incorrect  I  will 
stand  over  ready  to  admit  it  on  proof.  'My 
best  wishes  go  with  the  fraternity,  and  so 
I  hope  that  the  profession  will  accord  the 
same  to  me.  I  can  account  for  the  indis- 
position on  the  part  of  the  pupils  in  no  bet- 
ter way  than  to  say  that  they  are  almost 
continually  led  beyond  their  depth,  not 
forming  a  just  pride  of  their  own  powers, 
and  made  weak  from  a  lack  of  thoroughness. 
No  one  will  question  that  the  beginning 
should  he  on  slates,  and  a  most  excellent 
way  to  introduce  the  work  is  by  using  Ro- 
man characters  to  ton,  of  the  stnyjfcsf  de- 
sign. For  instruction  as  to  pen-holding, 
position,  etc.,  see  articles  in  July  and  Au- 
gust numbers,  1681. 

Extract  from  Copy-book,  Peircerian  Sys- 
tem: '*  If  the  paper  be  ruled,  then  the  slates 
should  be  ruled.  If  the  pens  be  sharp,  then 
the  pencils  should  be  kept  the  same." 

How  to  rule  slates :  Take  a  "  Spencerian  " 
No.  1  pen,  or  any  make  similar.  Break 
out  the  points  and  place  in  holder.  In  rul- 
ing, place  the  hollow  of  the  pen  upwards. 
This  will  give  ruling  for  medium-sized  work. 
If  larger  spacing  is  required,  turn  the  hollow 
of  the  pen  downward.  In  drawing  second 
set  of  lines,  place  the  rule  so  as  to  make 
large  space  a  little  over  twice  the  width 
of  small,  so  that  in  forming  the  extended 
letters  they  can  be  made  their  proper  height 
without  interfering  with  lines  above. 
The  figures   should   be   made  the  next 


There  are  some,  perhaps,  who  may  beg 
to  differ  from  me,  and  demand  proof.  I  can 
only  say  this  result,  among  othei-s,  was 
found  entirely  satisfactory  after  experiment- 
ing with  more  than  4,000  pupils  per  week, 
through  a  period  of  nine  years.  This  is 
strengthened  also  by  the  experience  of 
others. 

For  the  first  improssifms  of  the  figures, 
general  inatruction  is  the  rule,  and  special 
fhe  exception.  Too  much  at  first  must  not 
be  expected,  and  blackboard  explanations 
should  bo  made  often.  After  the  main  part 
of  class  accomplishes  any  work  let  the  whole 
class  he  shown  the  next  until  the  figures 
are  all  passed  the  first  time.  Now  you  are 
ready  to  begin  work  over  again  upon  the 
basis  of  special  instruction  being  the  rule, 
and  general  the  exception. 

Remark:  If  there  is  any  one  feature  par- 
ticularly prominent,  it  is  the  one  just  m( 
tioned.  Let  each  pupil  be  instructed  to 
his  best  in  ])reparing  a  line  of  each  figure. 
When  done,  call  for  first  division  according 
to  Rule  5,  and  criticize  according  to  Rule 
6.  See  article  in  Journal  for  October, 
"  Rules  Governing  Class-work."  In  ex- 
amining results,  one  pupil  will  be  found  to 
fail  where  another  has  succeeded.  Tlits  re- 
sult is  general  in  all  grades. 

Caution  :  Under  no  conditions  whatever 
must  a  pupil  be  advanced  without  having 
earned  liis  promotion. 

In  one  case,  the  pupil  is  given  advanced 
work,  tiie  other  is  siiown  how  to  do  better, 
and,  according  to  Rule  4,  must  make  ten 
lines  before  another  criticism.  With  all 
grades  of  pupils  there  is  abundance  of  proof 
pointing  to  the  fact  that  special  instruction 
is  the  lever  by  which  entire  control  is 
gained. 

Hefore  a  teacher  is  capable  of  just  criti- 
cism the  rules  as  found  in  October  Journal 
should  be  made  familiar. 

After  passing  each  division  and  attending 
to  the  wants  of  each  pupil  found  ready  for 

N.  U.    Tbut  »i>u>v  [.up>U  wurk  much  fB£t<'r  than  otbers. 

Return  to  first  division  and  call  for  those 
ready  agaiu. 


l^^ 


By  this  plan  it  is  evident  that  pupds  are 
offered  every  inducement  to  work  faithfully. 
The  advantages  are  enumerated  in  October 
number  under  "Points  of  Superiority,  etc." 

When  the  time  for  class  has  expired, 
charge  each  to  remember  his  present  work 
sii  that  it  can  be  begun  the  same  at  next 
lesson.  Continue  the  work  from  lesson  to 
lesson  by  special  criticism  with  general 
ernirs  explained  in  full  at  board,  and  offer  as 
inducement  to  each  pupil  of  class  the  privi- 
lege of  usmg  a  copy-book  and  lead-peucil 
as  soon  as  good  figures  are  produced  well, 
singly  and  from  1  to  100  on  slates. 

The  work  to  be  done  in  book  begins  with 
programme  "  A,"  and  is  governed  strictly 
by  the  "  Rules  for  Class-work." 

Criticism  is  a  little  closer  in  every  direc- 
tion, yet  in  no  way  to  offer  the  least  dis- 
couragement. The  nature  of  each  pupil 
must  be  considered  in  order  that  by  fair  and 
impartial  criticism  the  best  results  may  be 
obtained.  It  will  readily  be  seen  that  no 
certain  standard  of  excellence  can  form  the 
guide  for  promotion. 

The  fact  that  each  pupil  is  doing  his  best, 
and  approaches  a  fair  result  is  evidence  of 
progress,  and  this  alone  is  the  object  aimed 
(Tq  he  continued.) 


\ 


What  is  Money? 

What  is  money  f  How  did  it  come  into 
the  world?  Obviously — incontestably — it  is 
a  tool,  au  instrument,  nothing  else.  It  is 
not  an  object  sought  for  its  own  sake,  to  be 
kept  and  used.  It  is  acquired  solely  for  the 
sake  of  the  work  it  does — a  mere  machine. 
The  sovereigns  wliich  a  man  carries  about 
in  his  purse  are  distinctly  intended  to  be  sot 
to  work,  and  that  work  is  solely  to  be  given 
away  in  exchange  for  something  else. 
Money  is  the  tool  of  exchange,  the  instru- 
ment of  obtaining  for  its  present  possessor 
some  commodity  or  service  which  is  desired. 
But  how  did  the  necessity  arise  for  invent- 
ing such  a  tool  f  Many  economists  answer 
that  a  measure  of  value  was  needed,  a  con- 
trivance which  should  enable  men  to  com- 
pare with  each  other  the  several  values  or 
worths  of  the  commodities  they  handle. 
The  farmer  required  to  know  how  many 
sheep  he  ought  to  give  for  a  carl.  Thus 
money  was  devised  to  meet  his  want.  But 
this  is  an  entire  mistake.  A  measure  which 
should  tell  accurately  the  worth  of  one  com- 
modity compared  with  that  of  another  was  a 
want  created  by  civilization  as  it  developed 
itself.  A -far  more  urgent  need  made  its 
appearance   at  an   earlier  period.     Money 


got  over  the  gieatcst  difficulty  which  the 
social  life  of  men  encountered.  Human  be- 
ings, unlike  almost  all  animals,  were  formed 
to  make  different  commodities  for  each 
other;  how  were  they  to  be  exchanged  I 
How  could  the  men  who  mutually  wanted 
each  other's  goods  be  brought  together  for 
exchanging?  A  farmer  was  in  want  of  a 
coat,  but  the  tailor  had  no  desire  to  obtain 
a  calf;  he  was  in  want  of  shoes.  Here 
were  two  sellers  and  two  buyers,  yet  neither 
could  procure  what  ho  needed.  Money 
came  to  the  rescue.  The  farmer  sold  his 
calf  to  a  butcher  for  mcmey,  and  with  that 
money  he  procured  tlie  wished-for  coat  from 
the  tailor.  The  tailor  repeated  the  process 
with  the  shoe-maker.  Thus  monoy  solved 
the  difficulties.  Four  exchangers  were 
brought  together  instead  of  two,  and  two 
articles  were  sold  and  two  bought  with 
money ;  and  by  this  employment  of  a 
common  tool  for  exchuiiging,  the  greatest 
principle  of  associated  human  life  was  estab- 
lished— division  of  employments.  It  ia 
plain  that  the  money  first  bought  the  calf 
and  then  travelled  on  to  buy  the  coat.  It 
circulated — it  remained  permanently  in  no 
hands.  It  fulfilled  its  oue  service — to  ex- 
change, to  place  two  different  articles  in 
different  hands.  Each  man  who  obtained 
the  money,  intended  to  pass  it  away  in  tum. 
Thus  the  conception,  tool,  cornea  out  trans- 
parently. It  performs  its  function  by  sub- 
stituting double  barter  for  single :  the 
farmer  first  bartera  his  calf  for  money,  and 
then  barters  away  the  same  money  for  a 
coat.  This  conception  of  money  dives  into 
its  essence :  that  monoy  is  a  tool,  must 
never  be  left  out  of  mind ;  it  governs  every 
thought,  every  word,  about  money.  If 
money  was  never  thought  of  but  as  a  tool, 
the  world  would  be  saved  a  vast  amount  of 
idle  sjieaking  and  writing. — lionamy  Price, 
in  Contemporary  Beview. 


Next  to  being  able  to  write  and  read  his 
notes  with  rapidity,  a  stenographer's  aim 
should  be  to  ucquire  a  clear  and  rapid  long- 
hand. To  all  interested  in  this  subject,  we 
would  call  attention  to  the  PBNMAN'8  Art 
Journal,  published  by  D.  T.  Ames,  New 
York.  It  is  the  organ  in  this  country  of  the 
chirographic  art,  and  abounds  with  nnmerous 
illustrated  examples  of  writing  and  orna- 
mental pen-work,  and  contains  many  practi- 
cal suggestions  for  the  attainment  of  the 
most  desirable  style.  Its  moderate  price — 
one  dollar  a  year — places  it  within  the  ineaou 
of  all. — ^shorthand  Review. 


i^^'-Ijisy.^^m^^.^^^ 


Pul.IiMl.^a  Monthly  nl  SI  p«r  Y* 
D.  T.  AMKR.  Ei'lTOii  Afty  rNOrNtlTTOIl, 


ADVERTISING    RATES. 


tlOKOi 


,',S 


ipir« :  l->r  «ix  mnnttu  nnd  imo  ycAT.  iwynlite  qiiurtBrly 
lva»i<c.     No  <lpvuilion  (rain  tW  nbove  tnlM.    Rcud- 

LIBERAL  IIVOUCEMENTS 


(R.  I.)  HusiDp.^  Culloge,  sirtfot.  Addh 
Cornell,  of  the  Collegiate  aod  Normal  In- 
stitute, Pnxon,  III.,  seoHs  fourteen.  Other 
and  siDfillor  chths  hiive  been  tno  Dnmerous 
to  inootioii,  nnd  quite  sufficient  to  call  for 
the  hearty  thanks  of  ye  editors. 

The  Convention. 

If  is  now  seitlPd  Hint  there  is  to  be  a  con- 
vention of  pcnmeu,  itt  conjunction  with  the 
Educators',  who  nre  jnostjy  pen- 


at    C 


Id 


IbrlS. 

Without 
mtiil  IliK  Jn 
promtiim*.  i 


Siihwrfpllnnii 


•  (tlren  liy  pntlAl-pnnl  i 


ITS 


New  Yokk,  Mabcu,  1883. 


The  King  Club, 


■  thii 


?(>() 


1  from  C.  W. 
nTi.c.riiil  Dp- 
Ibuiji  Konnal 


ii-liir,  iiiiin-i|.iil  cif  tl 

'meat  of  the  Noi-ll.o 

0..1   at  Valparaiso, 

Immlmi.  Tliis  niakis  an  nggipgalo  of 
rs  sent  liy  Mr.  ll.ni,.jip|.  nillliu 
pprioil  of  aljotit 
:0|.<<|9  tho  iniiiib 


soil.  Wo  arc 
Mr.  \i,m-hn 


it  pcrsti 


r.,  wliMi  Iiy  f, 
lit  l.j-  111,),  otlier  i.c! 
ihlly  aci) 


tcaclH-v,  luit 


r  tliat  lie  is  tlio  "  riitht  i 


tho  right  (ihioe,"  aiid  is  Dot  only  aWo  to  ap- 
prociato  »  good  tliins  liimsclf,  hut  is ilcsiioiis 
that  hie  pupils  sliouhl  profit  l,y  the  iii'st  xi.ls 
to  thoir  atlvauceiuout,  wliit.li,  so  far  as  iipu- 
niniiship  is  oonwrae.!  (iipit  to  a  livo,  akillej 
Iwichor),  is  the  PsNMAS's  Art  Joubnai.. 

11  I'vory  traohcr  in  tho  land  wiiuld  «p- 
prociato  this  nnd  oxoiiiplify  their  faith  in 
Works  as  Mr.  Boucher  lia.<  done,  tlioro 
wonhl  oerlaiuly  lie  a  getiiiiue  revival  of  in- 
teitwt  in  tho  sliillfiil  teaching  and  practice 
of  writinu;. 

The  M'cond  longest  cliib  comes  from  F. 
H.  Hall,  teacher  of  irriiing  in  the  Troy, 
N.  Y.,  Diisinesa  College,  and  numbers 
hrm/,,-.,,-™.  Mr.  Hall  is  „  splendid  writer, 
and  heliivis  in  the  Journal  as  an  aid  in 
bis  «cliool-worl(. 

The  third  club  iu  sine  numbers  tiijlilem, 
and  comes  fnon  O.  A.  Grninan,  Siipt.  of 
Theory  Department,  St.  I'aul  (Mi„n  ) 
Busines,  C.dle»,.  H.  C.  Clark,  of  the 
Titiisville  (I>a.)  Business  College,  sonds  a  I 
dub  of  »u:/«.i.    L.  L.  Tucker,  Providence  i 


another  column  is  a  coinmuuication  from 
the  committee  of  penmen  named  by  Prof. 
Packard  to  tho  fraternity,  rcijuftsling  each 
to  signify  as  early  as  possible  if  they  will 
attend  and  ihe  part,  if  any,  that  they  will 
;  take  in  the  proceedings.  We  can  but  urge 
upon  all  to  move  in  earnest  and  at  once  in  this 
matter.  Let  the  profession  honor  itself, 
that  it  may  be  honored. 

The  Reporter  at  Work. 

If  tlie  preparation  of  rules,  illustrations 
and  in&truction  to  special  classes,  clubs  and 
college-students  is  carried  on  in  some  locality 
remote  from  the  collegc-lialls  or  presence  of 
learners,  the  result  is  often  so  crude  and 
wide  of  the  mark  as  to  he  of  little  practical 

A  reporter  has  attended  a  cxjurse  of  wri- 
ting lessons  under  Mr.  H.  C.  Spencer,  one 
of  the  Spencer  authors,  and  made  report  of 
each  lesson  as  it  was  given  by  him 
at  the  blackboard.  Tliis  course  will  be 
published  in  Ihe  JounNAL,  with  illustrations, 
commcuciiig  in  tho  May  nnuiber. 

As  a  leading  business  educator  and  chiro- 
graphic author,  Mr.  Spencer  is  of  highest 
rank  and  authorily,  whether  in  his  popular 
business  college  at  Washinglira,  or  on  the 
rostrum,  as  a  lecturer,  as  ho  has  often  been, 
in  Philadelphia,  New  Yilrk,  Boston  and 
other  of  our  large  cities. 

This  course  of  lessons  will  be  of  the  most 
practical  character,  and  of  inestimiible. value 
to  every  teacher  and  pupil  of  writing,  and 
the  JoiiBXAl,  conlainiug  them  should  be 
read  and  studied  by  every  youth  in  tho 
land. 

Standard  Practical  Penmanship. 

The  latest  chirographic  |uiblicatioii  is  the 
"Standard  Praclical  Penmanship"  by  the 
Spencer  Brolhers  prepared  for  the  Journal, 

It  is  a  porlfolio  of del   writing  of  the 

most  practical  chaiacter,  giving  iu  simple 
beautiful  style,  by  easy  methods,  the  entire 
structure  of  practical  penmansliip  from  foun- 
dalion  to  dome. 

■Jo  attempts  at  pen  caricatures  of  reptiles, 
beasts,  or  birds  of  prey  have  entered  into  the 
work,  and  only  the  good,  the  true  and  the 
useful  are  presented.  The  course  in  this 
new  publication  embraces  twelve  and  six- 
teen plain,  comprehensive  lessons;  also  pre- 
sents a  full  library  of  business  forms  and 
correspoiirtence;  liills  of  purchase,  receipts, 
notes,  drafts  and  contract,  also  leaves  from 
cash-book,  day-book,  journal  and  ledger, 
both  single  nud  double  entry  forms. 

A  most  valuable  feature  of  the  "Stand- 
ard (alone  worth  the  mailing-price)  are  the 
copies  of  "Spencer  Brothers'  New  Abbre- 
viated Style  of  Writiug." 

The  dilleront  sizes  of  writing  reipiired  iu 
business  tecords  and  correspondence  are 
here  given  and  defined  for  the  firet  time. 
Tho  course  was  thoroughly  tested  by  hun- 
dreds of  learners  and  teachers  before  publi- 
cation end  found  to  bo  an  e«sy,  common- 
sense  guide  by  which  the  masses  may  im- 
prove their  penmanship  or  coinpletoly  change 
fMui  a  bad  to  a  good  luindwritiog.  We  send 
by  mail,  on  receipt  of  Sl.UO,  tho  "Stan- 
danl,"  as  alinve  described,  to  any  part  of 
the  United  Stales.  Order,  "  Standard  "  for 
SI.IIO. 

[This  work,  which  was  announced  and 
cipected  to  be  ready  some  months  .since, 
has  been  unexpectedly  delayed,  owing  to 
the  addhion  of  several  plates  more  than 
iplatcd,  but  tho  work 


jiroinptly  filled.  It  is  a  work  which  we  can 
confidently  lecommcnd  as  presenting  the 
best  aid  to  solf-Iearaers  of  writing  ever 
published.] 

Canadian    Penmen's   Convention. 

Our  enterprising  contemporary  the  Vni- 
ver.^al  Prnmiiyi,  published  by  Sawyer  Bro- 
thers, Ottawa,  Canada,  is  agitating  for  a 
"  Canadian  Penmen's  Convention."  We 
hope  it  will  continue,  and,  that  its  efforts 
will  be  crowned  with  success.  The  Jour- 
nal will  most  heartily  contribute  to  for- 
ward the  movement,  and  in  the  meantime, 
as  it  is  not  probable  that  the  eti'ort  nill cul- 
minate in  a  convention  this  season,  we  ven- 
ture on  behalf  of  the  Penmen's  Committer 
and  managers  of  the  convention  to  be  held 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  June  next,  to  invite 
our  Canadian  brethren  to  join  therein. 
They  can  thus  gain  valuable  experience, 
and  promote  a  mutual  acquaintance  among 
the  fraternity  on  both  sides  of  the  imaginary 
line  which  divides  them  iu  no  other  respect 
than  nationally.  Those  who  will  be  present, 
either  as  spectators  or  participants,  by  com- 
municating ivith  the  office  of  the  Journal 
will  receive  atteution. 

The  Blackboard  in  Teaching 
Writing. 

C.  B.  Nettleton,  Superintendent  of  Writing 
and  Drawing  in  the  Dayton,  0.,  schools,  in 
his  report  for  1879-80,  pays  this  tribute  to 
the  biackboard : 

"  I  desire  to  call  special  attention  to  a 
very  important  feature  of  my  work,  namely, 
the  use  of  tlie  blackboard.  By  this  means 
every  pupil  in  the  schoil  receives  the  di- 
rect benefit  of  my  instruction.  Various  ex- 
ercises are  given  to  meet  the  wants  of  every 
individual  pupil,  and  to  inculcate  a  free  mo- 
tion of  the  hand  and  arm  as  the  only  sure 
method  of  acquiring  case,  legibility,  and 
rapidity  of  execution.  The  enlhusiasin  that 
can  be  awakened  by  a  skillful  use  of  the 
blackboard  is  inconceivable  to  those  who 
have  not  wilnessed  the  experiment. 

"  I  would  urge,  as  a  direct  means  to  the 
accomplishment  of  tho  best  results,  a  more 
careful  attention  to  the  writing  in  all  slate 
and  manuscript  work. 

"  The  pen  emjmves  far  every  art,  and 
indites  for  every  press.  It  is  the  preserva- 
tion oflrniffuoye,  the  bmimss  man's  security, 
the  poor  hoy's  patron,  undtlie  ready  servant 
of  the  world  of  mind." 

He  has  relbrance  to  tlie  use  of  the  black- 
board by  the  teacher.  Our  own  experience 
has  shown  it  a  most  efficient  instrument, 
when  used  by  the  pupil,  for  the  arousing  of 
enthusiasm  and  the  correction  of  ciTors. 
Faults  that  have  defied  the  best  eftbrts  of 
both  teacher  and  pupil  in  the  ordinary  copy- 
book-wo  k  have  been  effectively  cured  by 
allowing  the  pupil  to  try  on  the  black- 
board.—ifducafiOTMi  Journal  of  Va. 

Our  Associate, 
Whose  enviable  fame  as  a  "  Kellcy- 
graphcr"  long  since  went  abroad,  is  not 
without  honor,  from  his  attainments  and 
research  in  other  fields  of  labor  and  thought 
as  will  appear  from  the  following  report, 
of  a  lecture  copied  from  a  lato  issue  of  the 
Pro  Bono  Publico,  and  entitled, 
ON  TH,E  WAY  AND  AT  JEIiUSAI.EM. 


-uiplotod,   and   ,ai    orde.    ^    be  I  feasor'  -"a' v.;  rnlldlXt' 


After  a  break  of  over  one  week,  the  first  in 
a  course  of  over  forty  lectures,  tlio  free 
weekly  lectures  under  the  auspices  of  tlie 
Young  Meu'sHobrew  Association  of  Hariem, 
was  resumed  on  Monday  evening  last  with 
a  lecture  under  the  ahovPtitle.  Prof.  Kelley 
opened  his  lecture  by  modestly  disclaiming 
the  announcement  of  Pro  Bono  PuUico, 
that  he  is  ex-Consul  to  Jerusalem,  and  add- 
ing that  if  he  be  an  ei-consul  for  Bono  Pub- 
lico only,  he  is  willing  to  remain  an  ex- 
consul  for  the  public  good. 

Beginning  his  narrative  with  an  account 
of  his  arrival  ami  stay  at  Joppa,  the  Pro- 
of 


that  place,  its  surroundings,  its  streets,  its 
hotels,  its  three  convents  and  ita  lionse- 
tops.  An  interesting  feature  of  the  lecture 
was  the  copious  allusions  to  myth<doeicat 
and  legendary  lore,  illustrated  by  ifferences 
to  tlic  particular  localities  known  in  that 
connection.  While  speaking  of  Joppa,  be 
introduced  the  myth  of  Andromeda  ami 
Perseus,  the  legend  of  Tabitha  and  story  of 
Jonah  ;  for  it  was  from  here  that  Jonah  took 
passage  for  Tarshish.  A  description  of  the 
houso  where  Simon,  tho  tanner,  enter- 
tained St.  Peter,  was  also  given  in  this  ron- 
nection. 

The  cedars  for  building  Solomon's  Temple 
were  taken  from  Lebanon  and  floated  to 
Joppa,  as  were  also  those  of  the  second  temple 
And  the  natives  assert  that  Noah's  Ark  was 
built  and   launched  there.     At  all  events, 

globe,  and  it  is  extensively  believed  to  have 
existed  before  tho  Flood.  Pliny  speaks  of  it 
as  an  antediluvian  city.  Many  believe  it  to 
have  been  originally  built  by  Japheth,  the 
eldest  of  Noah's  three  sons,  and  to  have  re- 
ceived bis  name. 

This  city  has  been  five  times  sacked  and 
pillaged  by  the  Assyrians  and  Egyptians  ; 
tlirce  times  taken  by  tho  Romans ;  twice 
plundered  by  the  Saracens,  in  one  of  which 
conquests  8,000  of  its  inhabitants  were  in- 
humanly butchered.  In  March,  1799,  Na- 
peleon  Bonaparte  took  possc8.sion  of  it,  and 
in  direct  violation  of  terms  of  capitulation 
ordered  4,000  soldiers,  nenrlj  all  Albanians, 
to  be  marched  out  with  hands  tied  behind 
them,  and  to  be  deliberately  shot. 

And  here,  the  same  commander  when 
forced  to  retreat  to  Egypt,  finding  four 
or  five  hundred  of  his  omti  men  who  could 
not  be  removed  from  his  hospitals,  adminis- 
tered poison  to  them  and  marched  on. 

In  the  year  1102,  a  storm  drove  thirty 
large  ships  upon  the  rocks  near  here,  and 
more  than  1,000  lives  were  lost.  These  are 
some  of  the  more  striking  events,  mytholo- 
gical and  historical,  of  which  Joppa  was  tho 

From  Joppa  the  lecturer  and  his  party 
proceeded  to  Jerusalem,  passing  the  foun- 
tain of  Abraham,  over  the  plain  of  Sharon 
to  lUmleh  (supposed  to  be  the  Arimathea 
of  Soripturo,)  the  Valley  of  Ajalon,  the  vil- 
lage of  Kirjath  Jearim,  in  view  of  the 
Mount  of  Olives,  when  Jerusalem  burst 
upon  them. 

In  this  connection  the  Professor  gave  a 
description  and  history  of  the  Church  of  the 
Holy  Sepulchre,  with  its  varied  scenes  of 
interest,  its  altars  and  its  tombs,  and  a  very 
interesting  account  of  Mount  Moriali,  illus- 
trated by  maps,  diagrams  and  pliolographic 

Not  a  single  spot  in  all  the  environs 
of  Jerusalem  possessing  ought  of  historic 
traditional,  religious  or  mythic  interest 
that  was  not  forcibly,  clearly  and  intelligibly 
presented  to  the  delighted  audience.  Pour 
thousand  years  of  history,  legend  and  tradi- 
tion were  presented  to  it,  ami  much  of  that 
in  a  newer,  brigliter  and  clearer  light  than 
ever  before. 

"  We  have  now  completed  the  circuit  of 
.Jerusalem,  and  have  but  to  add  that  not 
only  is  Jerusalem  interesting  within  its 
walls,  and  its  surroundings,  but  interesting 
in  its  immense  quai-rics  underneath  it. 
They  were  discovered  by  Dr.  J.  T.  Barclay 
in  1855,  and  are  entered  a  little  east  of  the 
Damascus  Gate.  It  is  believed  that  all  the 
huge  stones  found  in  the  walls  of  the  city 
and  temple  were  quarried  here.  JSii(  between 
this  f/uarry  and  the  present  surface  of  Jeru- 
salem are  ruins  that  had  they  but  tongues 
could  speak  volumes;  hut  they  are  silent 
and  I  must  be." 

Every  subscriber  should  have  a  C'oiumon- 
, Sense  Binder  for  their  Journal,  it  will 
thereby  be  better  preserved  and  more  con- 
venient for  reference.  One  binder  will  con- 
l<iin  the  Journal  for  four  or  five  years, 
which  will  constitnle  a  volume  of  rare 
value  to  any  teacher  or  professional  penman. 

Mailcil  to  any  address  for  $1.50.  Witli 
all  the  Journals  since  Dec.  1877—52 
numbers — $4.50. 


^^"^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 


To  Professional  and  Amateur 
Penmen. 

W"e  tho  iindersigoe'i  committee  toarmnge 
for  ;*  ronvealioD  to  be  held  la  Ciocinnati,  in 
June,  agree  that  a  meeting  of  all   persoDS 
ioti^reirted  in  self-improTement  and  the  ad- 
vanoemeDt  of"  the  good,  the  tnie,  and  beau- 
tifol,"  in  penmanship,  will    prove  of  great 
^■.^]u*'  and  interejtt.     We  therefore  invite  the 
.  ijijrc-  profeRsioD  to  unite  with  us  in  our  de- 
•  niiined  effort  to  bring  together  the  largest 
'  I-er  of  penmen  possiWe  and  to  make  the 
nng  in  every  way  a  complete  success. 
li  n,L'  comrnitled  to  no  system  or  authors, 
itiitl  iMitertaining  a  liberal  spirit  towards  all 
that  is  good  in  practical  and  ornamental  pen- 
manahip  we  ^hall  favor  the  freest  discussion 
of  all  that  is  embraced  in  penmanship;  and 
in    order   that    erery  topic  of    merit   may 
be    presented   and   all   questions   of  doubt 
fully    weighed,    we   invite  each    and    every 
member  of  our  profession  to  inform   ua  of 
their  dotormiiiation  to  be  present,  and  to  ac 
company  this  information  with  such  advice 
pertaining  to  topics  for  discussion  as  will 
prove  of  general  interest.    We  shall  also  be 
glad  to  receive  the  names  of  those  who  will 
consent  to  load  tlie  discussion  in  any  par- 
tirulnr  branch  or  branches  of  penmanship. 
We  earnestly  invite  all  to  bring  with  tbem  |  the 
specimens  of  skill,  for  the  dis- 
play of  whidi  we  will  provide 
ample    space.      An    invitation 
having   been   extended   to  our 
profession  by  Mr.  R.  C.  Spencer, 
President  of  the  Business  Edu- 
cators' Association,  we  are  as- 
sured that  every  facility  will  be 
acwmled  us  to  make  our  meet- 
ing all   that  can    be    desired. 
Having   no   personal   interests 
to  serve  in  bringing  about  the 
convention, we  pledge  ourselves 
to  act  in  all    fairness   towards 
each  aud  every  visitor  and  to 
work  solely  to  accomplish  the 
greatest  good   to  the  greatest 
number.     Inviting  an   earnest 
co-operation  of  penmen  aud  a 
liberal  correspondence  and  as- 


water  colon.  The  directions  are  minute, 
practical  and  intelligible.  The  mode  of 
using  the  colors,  the  materials  themselves, 
and  all  the  needful  suggestions  will  be  found 
in  this  volume.  With  it  are  twelve  cards 
on  which  wild-flowers  are  dra^vn  in  outline. 
These  are  to  be  colored,  and  by  doing  them 
the  learner  gets  valuable  practice.  Volumes 
like  this,  by  a  practicJil  teacher,  cannot  fail 
to  find  purchasers,  because  in  all  parts  of  the 
country  there  is  a  great  desire  to  study  art ; 


trly  sold 
'  one  will  be  issued 
handsome  stiff  paper 
boards,  (JO  cents,  post- 


the  flrst  edition 
already,  and  a  n 
shortly.      Price, 

covers,  40  cents ;  ; 

The  Univer.<!al  Penman  pablished  by 
Sawyer  &  Brother,  Ottawa,  Canada,  is  de- 
voted to  penmanship,  phonography  and 
dra\ving.  The  January  number  is  spicy 
aud  entertaining.  Mailed  wiih  premium 
oneyear  for  $1.00. 

Messrs.  Eaton  aud  Burnett,  proprietors 
of  Eaton  &  Burnett's  (Baltimore,  Md.) 
Business  College,  have  issued  an  attract- 
ive book  of  358  pages  upon  "Theoretical 
and  Practical  Book-keeping,"  by  single  and 
double  entry.  So  far  as  an  examination  of 
work  can  enable  us  to  judge,  it  is  meri- 


are  now  being  adverli.sed,  and 

that  Prof.  Sbaylor,  as  \vil\  be  f 

advertisement  in  another  colum 

mail  it  for  $1.00,  it  is  a  good 

for    any    one    seeking    to    improve    their 

writing. 

C  E.  Baker,  of  the  Evergreen  City  Busi- 
ness College,  Bloomington,  111.,  has  just  is- 
sued a  revised  edition  of  his  "  Business 
Arithmetic."  which  is  a  small  compact 
volume  of  J23  pages.  Tho  author  invites 
special  attention  toa  new  and  extended  mul- 
tiplication table.  The  work  appears  to  be 
meritorious. 

The  Book-keeper,  published  fortnightly 
at  7G  Chambers  Street,  New  York,  grows 
more  and  more  interesting  with  each  suc- 
ceeding number.  Neither  teacher  nor  account 
ant  can  afford  to  be  without  it.  Its  editors 
know  whereof  they  affirm  wheu  they  speak 
or  write  upon  any  topic  connected  with  the 
science  of  accounts.  Mailed  one  year  for 
$2.00. 

The  Youih^s  Companion  of  Boston,  is  a 
sprightly,  entertaining  paper,  deservedly 
popular,  and  is,  wilhout  exception,  the  best 
of  its  kind  published  in  America.  It  is  filled 
to  overflowing  with  the  choicest  original 
matter,  of  so  diversified  a  character  that  it 
never  fails  to  interest,  instruct  and 


J  of  a 


ipporl 


sincerely  yours 

A.  H.  HINMAN, 
D.  T.  AMES, 
N.  R.  LUCE, 

Committee. 


N.    li.  — All 
ehoiiM    I,(-    a 


the 


The   students  of   Packard's 
Business  College  gave  a  liter- 
ary and  musical  entertainment,  '"/«■ 
at  tho  rooms  of  the  college,  on    | 
tho  evening  of  the  JOth  inst,   ~ 
which  was  highly  entertaining,  and  reflected 
credit    upon     all  who    took   part    therein. 
The    institution  is  enjoying  a  well-merited 
tide  of  pn.s};eiity. 


relations  of  the  red  man.  Prof.  A.  B.  Pal- 
mer writes  on  the  "  Fallacies  of  Homoeo- 
pathy." Finally,  the  Hon.  Neal  Oow  con- 
tributes an  article  on  the  "  Results  of  Pro- 
hibitory Legislation,"  demonstrating  the 
success  of  the  efforts  to  suppress  the  liquor 
traffic  in  Maine,  and  Mr.  John  Fislse  makes 
an  able  and  ingenious  analysis  of  that  great 
intellectual  movement,  the  Reformation, 
educing  therefrom  tho  "True  Lcwon  of 
Protestantism,"  which  is  graduiilly  becnmiug 
integrated  and  lost  in  independent  iu.Iividuiil 
thought,"  and  holds  "that  reliyi.. us  b.licf  in 
something  which  in  no  way  concerns  smiety, 
but  which  concerns  only  the  individual.  In  all 
other  relations  the  individual  is  more  or  lees 
responsible  to  society ;  but  as  for  his  religi- 
ous life,  these  are  matters  which  lie  solely 
between  himself  and  his  God.  On  such 
subjects  no  man  may  rightfully  chide  his 
neighbor  or  call  him  foolish  ;  for  in  presence 
of  the  transcendent  reality  the  foolishness  of 
one  man  differs  not  much  from  the  wisdom 
of  another.  When  this  lesson  shiill  have 
been,  duly  comprehended  aud  taken  lo 
heart,  I  make  no  doubt  that  religious  specu- 
lation will  go  on,  but- such  words  as  '  infi- 
delity,' and  '  heresy,'  the  present  currency, 
which  serves  only  to  show  how  the  rem- 
nants of  barbaric  thought  still  cling  to  us 

.     and    hamper    our   purposes — 

such  will  have  become  obso- 
lete." 

The  series  of  articles  on  the 
"Christian  Religion,"  by  Col. 
Robert  G.  Ingersoll,  Judge 
Jeremiah  S.  Black  aud  Prof. 
George  P.  Fisher,  which  ap- 
peared recently  in  the  Noith 
American  Jiev'ew,  is  now  pub- 
lished in  pamphlet  form,  in  re- 
sponse to  a  very  generally  ex- 
pressed demand.  Readers  of 
the  JR«!t'tf(«  will  be  pleased  to 
see  these  remarkable  papers 
collected  into  ono  handy  vol- 
ume ;  and  the  general  public, 
who  have  learned  of  the  ar- 
ticles through  the  comments 
of  press  and  pulpit,  will  be 
gratified  to  learn  that  a  reprint 
has  been  issued.  Tlic  price  of 
the  volume  is  50  cents,  and  it 


for 


.  all  : 


Obituary. 

Pn»f..  R.  11.  Montgomery,  who  was  for 
miiiiy  years  ii  tejicher  of  peuinanship  in 
■'  Sniilo's  Commercial  College  aud  Literary 
liL-tinnc,"  New  Orleans,  La.,  died  of  heart 
.li-.asL-  on  January  28.  He  was  one  of  the 
nicisi  accomplished  penmen  and  teachers  in 
the  South,  and  was  highly  esteemed  by  bis 


Books  and  Maga 


!    by  Rowell 
I'i  pages  of 


Sliorl-hnfid  Writer,  pub- 
&  Hickor,  Boston,  ron- 
reading  matter  interesting 
d   not  dry   for  anybody. 


.1  one  year  for  $1.00. 

I  '  HutifuU  little  book  entitled  "How  to 
i  ...ill  m  Water  Colors,"  has  just  been  issued 
by  E.  L.  Ki-llogg  &  Co.,  of  New  York. 
It  was  prepared  liy  a  most  successful  artist 
and  teacher  and  will  prove  of  great  assistance 


torious,  being  clear,  concise  aud  practical. 
Its  typography  and  binding  are  in  good  taste. 
These  gentlemen  are  also  revising  their 
work  upon  commercial  law.  The  revised 
work  will  soon  be  ready  and  promises  to  be 
a  great  improvement  upon  the  former  edi- 
tion.    Sec  advertisement  in  another  column. 

The  Scientific  American,  the  office  of 
which  wjis  lately  entirely  destroyed  by  the 
great  fire  on  Park  Row,  has  uew  quarters 
at  2t)I  Broadway.  The  last  number 
was  one  of  unusual  interest.  The  illustra- 
tions wore  numerous  and  superb. 

Bengough's  Cosmopolitan  Short-hand 
Writer,  published  at  Toronto,  Canada,  is 
well  edited,  and  fnll  of  valuable  matter  for 
all  who  drive  the  quill  either  by  long  or 
short  hand.  Its  editor  should,  however, 
spry  up.  A  December  issue  in  February 
may  be  "short"  but  it  is  also  indicative  of 
a  somewhat  "slow  hand.'' 

Wo  i 


receipt  of  a  copy  of  W.  H, 
Shaylor's  "  Compendium  of  Practical  Writ- 
ing," which  consists  of  practical  copies  for  I  Indians,"  the  Rev.  Willi 
practice   and   a    pamphlet   of   instructions,  endeavors  to  demonstrat 
together  with   several  ornamental  designs  tional  and   effectual    cui 
for  flourishing  and  drawing.     This  work  is  troubles  i 


-V.  ]'. 

and  is  welcomed  in  the  household  by  old 
and  young  alike.  Serial  stories  will  bo  con- 
tributed to  the  Youth's  Companion  during 
tho  coming  year,  by  W.  D.  Ilowells,  Wil- 
liam Black,  Harriet  Beecher  Stowe  and  J. 
T.  Trowbridge.  No  other  publication  for 
the  family  furnishes  so  much  entertainment 
and  instruction,  of  a  superior  order,  for  so  low 
a  price. 

Tfie  Nor/h  Ameriean  Bemew  for  March 
presents  a  striking  array  of  articles,  every 
one  of  which  possesses  tho  characteristic  of 
contemporaneous  interest.  First,  we  have  a 
contribution  from  Senator  George  F.  Ed- 
munds, on  "The  Conduct  of  the  Guiteau 
Trial."  Ex-Minister  Edward  P.  Noyes 
communicates  the  results  of  bis  observations 
of  political  affairs  in  France  under  the  title, 
"The  Progress  of  the  French  Republic." 
In  "Trial  by  Jury,"  Judge  Edward  A. 
Thomas  describes  the  social  conditions 
under  which  our  jury  System  had  its  origin, 

lew  of  the  altered 
In  "  Law  for  the 

m  Justin  Harsha 
that  the  one  ra- 

!  for  our    Indiau  I 


and  book-stores. 

Thaddeus  Stevens  was  once 
trying  a  case  in  the  Cariisle. 
Court.  The  presiding  judge 
ruled  against  him  several 
times.  Hardly  able  to  restrain 
his  indignation  he  somewhat 
excitedly  began  collecting  his 
uinuK  papers  as  if  to  leave  the  room. 

!  The  judge  feeling  indignant  at 
'  this  proceeding  asked,  "  Do  I 
understand,  Mr.  Stevens,  do  I  understand 
that  you  wish  to  show  your  contempt  of 
Court?"  "No,  sir!  no,  sir!"  replied  Mr. 
Stevens  J  "I  don't  want  to  show  my  con- 
tempt, sir ;  I  am  trying  to  conceal  it ! " 

Work  of  the  Convention. 
Union  City,  Pa.,  March  ad,  1882. 

Editors  o/ Journal:— Tho  appointment 
of  a  committee  by  Prof  Packard,  in  the  in- 
terest of  a  Penmen's  Convention,  noticed  in 
the  columns  of  the  last  Journal,  is  before 
me.  Finding  my  name  iwsociatcd  with  your's 
and  Prof.  Hinman's,  I  am  very  anxious  that 
our  action,  relative  to  the  meeting,  should 
be  timely  and  pertinent. 

Whether  concurrent  with  the  B.  E.  A.  as 
such  or  not,  I  know  we  are  fully  able  to 
hold  a  convention,  and  one  full  of  interest. 
I  suggest,  however,  one  jointly,  which  shall 
occupy  one-half  of  each  day,  and  the 
evenings  alternately.  To  me  this  would  be  . 
the  more  preferable,  but  will  cheerfully  har- 
mooize  if  otherwise  is  thought  best,  but  a 
good  thorough  enthusiastic  meeting  should 
be  held.  Systems  should  be  criticised, 
materials  examined,  theories  aired,  methods 


of  the     of  teacuing  compared,  work  exhibited,  i 


>  acquire  Ao  «t  of  „.u,g  |  superior  to  many  of  ihe  oompendiucs  which  |  oivU  and  criminal  court,  over  aU  tho  eodal  I  ou.  kind,  and  .tyle.,  &o„  the  plainest  hand-" 


j^^^SSia:^^ 


■^^'fw''-^>^--r 


fi^i— 


V':^Jiir.L'.u'ii.u'J'.iJ,lvimi:trttViif^nitjtA^ 


//^./<^>/^^j?iliri:is»MT5.simi5i:ffis.i^i>»sr  /^  y.//f/X/«-<vz^/^ 


.fHC^t/JUfJJff//C{J/7)?Zf''iZj/,i7i?t/'rn''rc/i//ri//r-?t/rf///    ^'/''        r,     fr//fr//    ////)/)   rf  .i//crc/71,ZC1t/. 


(^^n^M^ 


writing  to  the  fiucst  in  art,  including  flour- 
ishing, lettoriug  stipple-work,  pieces  pre- 
pared for  engraving,  cliroino-litliographing, 
hlack-bonnl  work,  etc.,  etc.,  and  then  to 
know  and  get  acquainted  with  each  other. 
By  these  and  still  other  means  the  pen- 
men of  the  country  would  elevate  the  stjin- 
dard  of  good  work  to  a  properly  appreciated 

Cheerfully  eliall  I  endeavor  to  do  my  part, 
and  with  iny  more  aWe  associates  on  the  coui- 
rnittee  shall  hope  for  arrangements,  etc., 
satisfactory  to  all  and  crowned  with  the  best 
results.     Yours  truly,  N.  K,  Luce. 

Penmanship   as   a   Branch   of 
Education. 


By  Vi 


.  I'ASTNOIt. 


If  1 


e  may  represent  to  ourselves  history 
as  Time,  its  eras  as  Periods,  and  the  pro- 
itn-ess  of  events,  witli  their  changes,  as  Years, 
the  present  century  should  be  represented, 
it  seems  lo  me,  as  the  Springtime  of  a  new 
cycle.  For  uow  wi-  see  so  many  old  pre- 
judices, like  the  overgrown  ieicles  of  long 
winter,  melting  away  beneath  the  genial 
enlightenment  of  knowledge  and  freshly  re- 
vealed truth ! 

Among  these  old  prejudices,  ime  of  the 
most  persistent  U  that  of  classicism  in  edu- 
cation, lu  spite  of  the  quicltoning  rays  of 
science  and  commort  souse,  this  lioary  ap- 
pendage ..f  the  eaves  of  the  temple  of  learn- 
ing melt  slowly  enough!  Indeed  it  has 
scarce  yet  commenced  to  drip,  although,  of 
late,  the  mys  of  a  scorching  criticism  have 
been  focusscd  npon  it.  Ever  since  the  ap- 
pearance of  Youman's  •*  Culture  Demanded 
by  Modern  Life,"  the  attention  of.educa- 
tional  reformers  has  been  drawn  irresistibly 
lo  this  .[uestion.  There  has  been  a  universal 
demand  for  the  practical  in  education  ;  and 
to  some  extent,  indeed,  tliis  demand  has 


not  been  in  vain.  While  the  greai  cimsLi- 
vative  institutions  of  learning  have  not  yet 
mat«rially  modified  their  courses  of  study, 
still  there  have  arisen  all  over  the  country 
schools  and  colleges  devoted  to  a  more 
liberal  education,  and  their  good  results  are 
already  becoming  manifest.  Young  men 
are  now  trained  directly  for  the  business 
of  life.  Instead  of  groping  for  some  four  or 
five  precious  years  of  their  lives  through  the 
dusky  catacombs  of  a  dead  civilization,  they 
are  equipped  for  the  journey  of  life  in  the 
broad  sunliglit  of  modern  culture.  Now, 
more  than  ever  before,  it  is  true,  as  tlie  poet 


s  long,  and  t 


B  fleeting." 


Each  man  has  but  about  three  score 
years,  at  the  best,  to  put  himself  in  the 
front  rank  of  these  "giddy-paced  times," 
and  if  he  dallies  at  the  outset,  or  makes  a 
long  metaphysical  digression  before  hestans, 
there  is  little  chance  of  his  ever  cat«hing  up 
with  those  who  are  already  straining  every 
nerve  on  the  road  of  progress. 

Business  colleges  more  fairly  represent 
the  American  youth  of  to-day  than  the 
older  institutions  of  classical  learning— es- 
pecially in  the  great  West,  which  is  the 
"future  of  America";  and  so  penmanship 
and  bot.k-keeping,  which  are  the  leading 
studies  in  business  colleges,  are  coming  to 
take  a  more  prominent  place  as  branches  of 
study  than  even  Latin  and  Greek.  For  my 
part,  at  least,  I  liad  rather  be  able  to  make 
an  excellent  double-entry  on  fair  commercial 
calendered  than  string  out  all  the  double 
columns  of  verbs  in  the  ancient  languages 
on  the  musty  margins  of  my  text-books! 
And,  indeed,  the  demand  of  the  age  is 
greater  for  excellent  young  penmen  than 
for  excellent  young  pedagogues.  Modern 
oulturc  — expressed  by  modern  demand- 
pronounces  uuc|ualifiedly  in  favor  of  j.en- 
manship   when    compared   with    tho   dead 


liiugaages,   and  hook-keeping  when 
pared  with    the   abstractions  of  the  higher 
mathematics. 

And  there  is  also  an  intrinsic  educating 
quality  in  penmanship,  besides  its  great 
practical  utility.  In  the  first  place  it  de- 
mands great  patience  and  fidelity  in  its  ac- 
quisition. One  of  the  very  best  kinds  of 
discipline,  close  application,  is  thus  assured 
to  the  young  penman.  It  also  acquires,  and 
at  the  same  time  develops,  a  certain  degree 
of  executive  ability.  An  incapable  man  can 
no  more  he  a  good  penman  than  can  a  lazy 
man.  There  may  be  some  studies  which 
can  flourish  in  a  "  college  of  fools,"  but  not 
such  is  penmanship.  By  the  requirements 
attaching  to  its  own  inherent  value  it  ex- 
cludes all  unworthy  aspirants.  Again,  pen- 
manship is  an  art.  "  Art,"  iis  the  poet  has 
just  said,  "  is  long  "—that  is,  difficult.  He 
who  would  excell  as  an  artist,  must  submit 
to  great  and  beneficent  toils,  efforts,  hopes 
against  hope;  and  even  such  and  so  great, 
if  he  is  faithful,  shall  be  his  reward.  By 
faithful  endeavor  be  is  educating  himself  for 
usefulness  and  honor  in  the  great  school  of 
life. 

It  is  not  possible  to  conceive  of  such  pro- 
ficiency as  is  displayed  by  some  of  the  great 
penmen  of  to-day  as  the  result  of  any  trivial 
or  difficult  culture.  It  repiesents,  on  the 
contrary,  a  great  outlay  ot  energy  and  de- 
termination, a  long  and  faithful  pupilage, 
and  a  final  success  which  can  be  estimated 
as  nothing  less  than  a  great  educational 
triumph.  Education  is  not  an  arbitrary 
thing,  confined  to  certain  kinds  of  discipline 
and  study — it  is  the  culture  and  improve- 
ment of  the  whole  vian;  and  as  such,  pen- 
manship cannot  fail  to  be  one  of  its  noblest 
branches,  since  it  fits  the  practical  part  of  a 
man  for  practical  work,  and  at  the  sfime 
time   cultivates  the    best   qualities  of  his 


swered. 


W.  B.  H.,  New  Castle, Del.— "  Will  you 
be  so  kind  as  to  let  me  know  whether  in 
any  issue  of  your  JoUBNAL  you  have 
treated  upon  the  subject  of  '  pen  paralysis,' 
or  if  there  is  any  remedy  for  it  ?  "  Arv. — 
Our  views,  upon  that  subject,  are  briefly 
given  in  the  issue  of  May,  1879. 

C.  S.  C.  M.,  Kansas  City. — In  executing 
medium  small  letters,  what  movement  is 
preferable  t    A  us.     The  forearm. 

Is  it  necessary  that  one  should  have  a 
teaeher  in  order  to  learn  to  write  f  Ans. 
While  it  is  possible  by  cjireful  study  and 
practice  from  good  standard  copies  to  become 
good  writers,we  believe  time  and  labor  will  be 
saved  by  taking  a  few  lessons  from  a  skilled 
teaclier  and  master  of  writing.  Tim  student 
will  then  be  able  to  practice  to  a  much  better 
purpose. 

Judging  from  ray  writing,  can  I  hecome 
a  fine  writer  f  Ans.  Yes ;  you  need  to 
practice  carefully  after  good  copies  to  acquire 
greater  precision  of  form. 

"  What  do  you  mean  by  the  '  lateral 
movement '  f  "  Ann.  The  movement  of  the 
hand  along  and  across  the  page  as  you  write. 

F.  M,  B.,  Quincy,  III.— Will  you  please 
answer  througli  the  columns  of  the  Jouit- 
NAL  the  following  questions  : 

Is  it  possible  for  a  person,  Imviug  natu- 
rally a  nervous  temperament,  to  ever  become 
a  fine  penman,  and  if  not,  what  is  the  best 
style  to  cultivate  for  business  and  other  pur- 
poses f  Second.  Is  it  best  to  make  the  let- 
ters a,  d,  g,  t,  witliout  taking  the  pen  off? 
Tkird.  WUl  the  use  of  dumb-bells,  for  en- 
larging the  muscles,  help  a  person  in  striving 


An  I     .JOI   KN.Vl, 


^T^(»  ^-IbSB^S^ 


to  lifrnme  a  good   peoinaD  t    Fourth.  Is 

r'       lillijtie  holder  a  good  one  tc 

—First.  A  person  of  nerToue  tem- 
1  nr   may  U-arii  to  write  a  good  hand 
_....^     the     f.irearm    inoreineDt.       Second. 
We  think    the    letters    named  should    he 
written    without   lifting  the    pen.       Third. 
'A  >tr<.ng,   fully  developed  muscle  tends  to 
'  >troDgiT  and  freer  iiiovcm 
in  Otherwise,  hence  a  proper  degree 
I  -iso  with  duinb-bella  would  probably 
I  '  t'icial.     Fourth.   The  oblique  holder 
-  I  vantage  only  to  those  who  find  diffi- 
iti   Uncwi'fi.  the  hand  over  toward  the 
ii>«.i\    litr  enough  to  bring  the  niba  of  the 
pen  K<|ii;ircly  to  fare  the  paper,  and  to  cause 
both    til    bo    under    the    same    degree    of 
pressure,  which  is  necessary  for  the  produc- 
tion of  AD    easy  movement,  and  dear-cut 
shadf.      Where   such    difficulty  exists,  an 
oWi'i'K-  holder  is  of  advantjige. 

C  A.  S.,We«tf()rd,  C«»uu. — "  Is  the  heavy 
shading  in  Old  English  and  Gentian  Text 
alphabets  made  with  a  single  stroke  of  the 
pen,  or  \»  it  firxt  outlined  with  a  pencil  and 
afterward  lilted-in  with  a  pen  ?  Please 
ftusu.-r  through  'Answers  to  Correspond- 
111  Penman's  Art  Journal." 
,,cr. — Old  Knglish  and  German  Text 
I  '  nil:.'  should  be  made  with  a  single 
stroll'  of  a  broiid-pointed  pen.  It  may  be 
tnmriicd  and  the  spui-s  added  subsequently 
with  n  fine  pm.  Many  persons  use  broad- 
pointed  i['iill  ]ntis  for  suuh  lettering.  We 
nae  a  crt  ui  itrrl-peus  nicely  graded  to  suit 
the  widtli  <.i  lilies  required  for  the  various 
Sizes  of  leUenijg.  The  set  of  pens  will  be 
mailed  for  50  cents. 

W.  C.  W.,  Portsmouth,  N.  H.— "  Is  an 
oblitiue  penholder  good  for  oti-hand  flourish- 
ing?" 

Not  if  the  llourishing  is  done  in  the  re- 
verse movement,  iis  it  should  be. 

J.  \i.,  Naticlv,  Mass. — "Does the  size  you 
meniiiiti,  in  your  Feb.  issue,  for  prize  pen- 
manship, (C  X  J),)  include  margin,  or  does  it 
refer  tn  the  size  of  the  reduced  drawing?" 

Ans. — That  is  the  size  the  plate  is  to  be 
when  engraved,  without  any  allowance  for 
margin.  Spacing  and  work  which  looks  pro- 
porlinnate  and  well  on  a  large  sheet,  will 
continue  to  look  so  after  being  reduced. 

C.  II.  v.,  Lowell,  Mass.— In  answer 
Mr.  C.  H.  Pierce's  question  20,  "  What 
termini's  the  slant  of  each  capital  f  "  I  should 
aay  that  the  downward  slrokns  do.  Tliis 
ia  my  lii-st  attempt  at  answering  questions, 
and  I  hiipe  it  is  right. 

J.  L.  W.,  Glenn's  Valley,  Ind.,  says: 
"Will  you  plejisG  tell  me,  through  the 
Joi'itNAL,  what  ia  The  matter  with  my  writ- 
ing. I  find  great  difficulty  in  getting  along. 
My  hand  cramps;  I  write  slow  and  h.ivo  to 
raise  my  pen  frequently." 

We  answer  this  bccanse  the  experience 
of  this  writer  is  tlmtof  a  very  largo  class. 
It  i-  iippurout  from  his  writing  that  he  writes 


"  slowly  and   with    difficulty,"    using    the 
finger  movement. 

Relief  will  be  found  only  in  the  acquisi- 
tion of  the  muscular  or  forearm  movement,  to 
acquire  which  a  few  lessons  should  be  taken 
from  some  skillful  teacher  cf  writing,  which 
should  be  followed  with  careful  and  extended 
practice  of  movement  exercises,  such  as  have 
been  given  in  the  Journal. 


D.  Clinton  Taylor,  Oakland,  Cal.,  sends  a 
ituperb  specimen  of  epistolary  writing. 

A  handaomely-wvitten  letter  couips  from  C. 
N.  Crandle,  pen-artist  at  Vulparaiso,  Ind. 


Geo.  0.  Shoop,  Shemokin,  Pa.,  sends  two 
WE>ll-executed  specimens  of  flourished  birds  and 
(luills. 

J.  M.  Willey,  teacher  of  writing,  at  Bryant's 
(Chicago)  BusinesB  College,  writes  a  baud- 
Bome  letter. 

William  H.  Cook,  Higgauuoi,  Conn.,  sends 
skillfully- executed  specimens  of  writing  and 
HouriBhing. 

An  elegantly -written  letter  comes  from  Con- 
nor O'Dea,  of  the  British  American  Business 
College,  Toronto,  Canhda. 

A  liaiidsomely -written  and  a  highly  compli- 
mentary letter,  to  the  Journal  comes  from 
C.  A.  Bush,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

An  elegantly-written  letter  comes  from  C.  L. 
Ricketts,  teacher  of  writing  in  the  public 
schools  of  East  Saginaw,  Mich. 

E.  A.  Hall,  principal  of  the  Logansport  (Ind.) 
Business  College,  writes  an  elegant  hand  and 
incloses  a  superbly -written  card. 

A  very  gracefully-wi-ilten  letter  conies  from 
H.  J.  Williamson,  teacher  of  writing,  at  Wake 
Forest  College,  Chapel  Hill,  N,  C. 

A  set  of  off-hand  capitals  comes  from  J.  M. 
Vincent,  Los  Angles,  Cal.,  which  for  ease, 
grace,  aud  oonciseneas  of  form  are  rarely  ex- 
celled.      - 


An  elegantly-written  letter  and  specimen  of 
practical  writing  comes  from  A.  ^^ Palmer, 
policy  writer  for  the  Cedar  Rapids  (Iowa)  In- 


A.  W.  Woods,  of  Elwin,  111.,  writes  a  hand- 
lome  letter,  in  which  he  incloses  a  photographic 
:opy  of  a  skillfully-executed  specimen  of  letter- 
ing and  drawing. 

An  elegantly- written  letter  comes  from  F.  H. 
Hall,  penman  at  the  Troy  (N.  Y.)  Business 
College;  also  a  club  of  twenty-seven  sub- 
scribers to  the  Journal. 

A  good  specimen  of  unpreteuding  practical 
writing,  with  a  club  of  subscribers,  comes  from 
E.  A.  Whitney,  of  the  Centenary  Collegiate  In- 
stitute. Haokettstown  N.  J. 


exhibiiing  the  improvement  he  has  made  since 
he  became  a  subscriber  to  the  Journal.  His 
specimens  nut  only  show  marked  improvement 
but  the  are  highly  meritorious. 

A  well-written  letter,  several  superior  speci- 
mens uf  practical  writing,  and  a  club  of  snb- 
suribers.  cnmes  from  F.  P.  Preuilt,  principal 
of  Fort  Worth  (Texas)  Business  College. 

L.  Detwiler,  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  sends  a  photo- 
graph uf  a  specimen  of  bis  "Rapid  Record- 
hand  "  which  is  eminently  practical  and  in  good 
style,  all  letters  being  of  the  simplest  possible 

A  handsuuiely-writteii  letter,  comes  from 
Emily  Vaughn,  West  New  Brighton,  N.  Y. 
Less  shade  would  add  to  its  eaue  of  execution, 
if  not  to  its  appearance,  but  Miss  Emily  can 
certainly  claim  rank  among  our  most  skillful 

Several  specimens  of  practical  and  artistic 
writing  have  been  received  from  D.  L.  Mussel- 
man,  Quincv  III  which  for  grace  of  mu\e 
ment  and  accuracv  of  form  are  rarelv  excelled 
Tiiey  fully  sustain  the  enMable  reputation  of 
Prof.  Musseimsn,  as  a  plumed     kmght  o'  the 


W.  P.  Raynolde  is  leaching  writing-classes 
at  Paris,  Texas,  aild  vicinity. 

D.  T.  Morron,  is  teaching  writing-classes,  at 
AVaterbury,  Conn.,  and  vicinity. 

J.  R.  Goodier  is  teaching  writing  at  Pontiac, 
Mich.      He  says,  "book  me  for  a  Penmen's 

C.  L.  Martin,  A.  M.,  has  accepted  the  ap- 
pointment of  president  of  Chnddock  College 
School  of  Law  and  Commerce,  Quincy,  111. 

P.  Rituer,  who  has  lately  established  a  Com- 
mercial College,  at  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  writes 
that  he  is  having  an  unexpectedly  large 
attendance. 

E.  M.  Currier  is  teaehlhg  writing  at  the 
North  Western  University,  Evanslon,  111.  He 
writes  a  good  hand  and  sends  a  club  of 
subscribers. 

A  splendidly  attired  prospectus  and  cata- 
logue has  been  received  from  the  Rochester 
(N.  Y.)  Business  University.  Over  300  stu- 
dents are  in  daily  attendance. 

W.  V.  Chambers,  teacher  of  writing  at  the 
Northern  Illinois  Normal  School  and  Dixon 
Business  College,  writes  a  good  hand.  He 
also  has  our  thanks  for  a  club  of  subscribers  to 
the  Journal. 

J.  H.  McBride  has  been  appointed  special 
teacher  of  ^vriiiiig  in  the  public  schools  of 
Greenville,  Ohio.  He  is  a  skillful  writer  and 
teacher,  and  will  undoubtedly  show  good  re- 
sults for  his  work. 


W.  E.  Ernst,  Mendon,  Mich.,  writes  , 
thusiastic  letter,  in  which  he  incloses  specimens      Bui 


The  gradimting 


of  the  New  Jersey 


College,  Newark,  N.  J.,  took  pla( 


on  February  15lh,  Sixteen  graduates  received 
diplomas.  The  exercises  were  highly  inlereev 
ing,  consisting  of  music,  orations,  recitations, 
and  an  addre«i  to  the  graduate*  by  William  N. 
Barringer.  Esq..  Superintendent  of  Public 
School".  Wt>  are  glad  to  learn  that  the  college 
is  highly  prosperous. 

Skrved  Him  Rkhit.— We  clip  the  follow- 
ing from  a   late   iosue   of   the    Utica  (N.  Y.) 


College  1 
of  Tyler's  American  Literature.    ''The 
was  his  forty-first  birthday.     The  gift 
was  worthily  bestowed." 

Back   Numbers. 

All  or  any  of  the  back  numbers  of  the 
Journal,  and  since  inclusive  of  January, 
1878,  can  be  supplied.  No  number  prior  to 
that  date  cau  he  mailed. 

All  the  48  back  numbers,  with  any  four 
of  the  premiums,  will  be  mailed  fur  $3.25, 
inclusive  of  1882,  with  the  five  premiums, 
for  $4.nn.  ^_ 

Careful  statistics  of  New  York  city  show 
the  following  items: 

Coat  per  day,  in  rouml  utniiluMfi,  i.f 

Religion $    l'.;.l)n() 

Theatres 15,()0U 

Tobaa;o :>5,000 

Bread 60,(100 

Rum 1()0,000 

Let  each  person  read,  consider,  and  come 
to  his  own  conclusion. — Hughy  Monthly. 

Paith  in  Handwriting. — A  well- 
kuowu  publisher,  who  also  conducts  an 
educational  bureau,  says  "he  does  not  be- 
lieve in  having  personal  interviews  with  ap- 
plicants, as  he  thinks  that  a  mi 
writing  ia  a  much  better  indicat 
character  than  his  appearance  oi 
address."  Business  men  will  accept  or 
ject  an  applica-nt  for  a  situation  solely 
the  style  u(  his  written  application. 


hand- 
of  his 


The  Penman's  Aht  Journal.— The 
January  nutnber  of  this  exquisitely  fiuo  peri- 
odical is  replete  with  much  that  is  interest- 
ing to  penmen,  accountants,  copyists  and 
others.  ltd  new  title-heading  is  notliing  less 
than  a  gem  of  artistic  pen-work,  and  may 
justly  bo  taken  as  a  reflection  of  what  can  bo 
douo  at  the  oflSce  of  the  publisher.  The 
journal  is  doing  much  good  in  spreading  the 
influence  of  a  desire  for  clear  and  neat  busi- 
ness writing.  Its  suggestions  are  always 
made  forcible  and  attractive  by  being  clearly 
and  beautifully  illustrated,  and  they  are  of 
lasting  practical  value.  It  is  not  only  just 
such  a  paper  as  the  more  experienced  find 
useful  aud  attractive,  but  is  precisely  what 
parents  should  place  in  the  hands  of  thetr 
children  as  a  stimulus  to  improvement  in  an 
important  branch  of  their  educatiou  and  ac- 
complishment. —  The  Book-keeper,  New 
York. 


Not  Responsible 

It  eboald  he  distiU'tl)  understood  tha 
the  editora  of  the  JoOB^AI  are  not  to  hi 
held  lu  indoreing  aoything  outside  of  iti 
editorial  columna,  nil  comuiUDicatious  not  | 
objectionable  tn  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub 
lisbed,  if  aoy  person  differs,  the  columng 
are  equally  open  ht  hiin  to  say  so  and  tell 

Tht    oldest    nt««papi.r   in    the  worl 
published   ID    PckiD       It   IS  printed  ( 
hirgt  tlieet  of  silk    and,  it  is  said    litis  made 
a  weekly  appearance  for  upwardA  of  a  tho 
sand  years 


AJLLING'S 

SUPERIOR  WRITING   INKS, 

AND  OFFICE   MUCILAGE. 


Writing   Copying    Making   Indelble  Stamping  Japan 

Stylographic    Sympalhet  c    Gold  S  ve     Wh  te 

and  Transfe 


mvs^.wm  ff:""-^'  "•'' 


IN^KS 


Fmbmc  ng  Flu 


ALLING  S  JAPAN  INK    a  n1>  n 


'..-^^^ii^N'fe' 


:|irjin].ni[.^ 


ALLNGS    DEEP    BLACK     NK 

Sr'A'.tl''''"''  "  "™  """"'"■  •■•"■'  '""'  '-'••'>  '"« 
PRrCES: 

JlP?"lnl<.  per  pint  boltle.  bycxprcM #1.00 

^J'"'" '"•<■  I-'"- IwHIc.  bv  #j(preM  ^ 

(iold  ur  Sllvijr  Ink,  J'Ui,  IniI1Ii>,  by  vxvnu 5() 


DEEP-BLACK  INK  FOR  SCHOOLS^ 

^■gaii.  ken,  oooli  net ~ 


^,^«.^^  <;o^-^^ 


\l         A^tjiAailJ    guSIHESS    DBpiFttTlJ^lfljfr. 


^^TglM^SlJ 


iflrinVijra. 


'^«- "<*'"• '>"'"«'.  per  groaa  (packed  in  ^8^.  wood 

Poninnn'a  Ink  Cabinet,  No.  1. 

PniCE,  J2.00. 
loolm"!'  ""',{""''"■'"«  I"'"':.'  (».  boltlo  e«eh  of  J 
nnjio.   M.^^L  .'i^'^W        !^^  Kreon,    Cuntrasl-Cannln 
oulet.  Murconlile,  Dcep-Uliicl:. 
1  hrefrqunrttT  oud<'«  boUio  While  Ink    cind  *.ouni 
Jlllo  of  bolh  (lotd  anil  Silver  Inks. 

PonnianV  I„k  Cabinot.  No.  i3. 


■L'oriiilne,  Scarln 


SPECIAL  NOTICE  TO  AGENTS. 


u.pl« 


Omce  of  Jaurs  Vick, 

SMdamnu, 

PiUiu.  D.  Ai.i.i.V( 

DtatSin  Dui 

of  my   Ofllo*  nn( 
»ln)n([1y  r 


E8Q„ 


-  -  - ^  '""*  '"'')'■  jAUsa  VicK. 

vv-ih!::'!  r,i?ilS^''^''^4^-!«^^"  •''veTf^urt;.'^: 

..L,.    .in  ir  1,  Miuionvilk,  Onondnga Co.,  N.  Y 

. 8-ia 

V¥    .-i,,i.i,-i„^,|  niijlnc**  c..llp«.     Ki>ow«lp?of 
■'  '"■'"'•' !'■    >*''''f™»l'-0,  80x533.1.  Boston. 


*,,,r,wL"!r  "".^  "'■<=.  i'*«"'-"'y««''  /'■«'"  ««r  o«./,  ;«H-r.,.ri-,;,A   ™pj/  fij^  (Ac   Mo,»  Engvavin,,  Co.,  555  i'eaW   Street,  and  are  nivtn  a, 
rZZffjTr^'ZT/      I  '  ^^^-^^ravcd,  and  also  as  speci.^..  of  tke  «..  ColUoe  Currency,  .Kick  ,«  ' ar.  «.»  prepared 

ItuplicaUs  of  either  of  the  above  cut».  oho  of  tht  denominatio,is  of  One',  and  Twentv'$    mil  be  sent  for  ^A  no      Th...  ,.m  1      /       ^ 
anat^n^^trationj^,,,^^,,^^^^  eircuU..  of  institutions  teLing  actual  b^ndL  ^     ^^■^''     ""'''  "'"  "  ^'""''' 

Thf  Penman's  Art  Journal,  publisheii 
by  D.  T.  Ames,  805  Broadway,  New  York, 
monthly,  at  $1  per  year,  is  a  neat  substan- 
tial periotliejil,  adaptetl  to  meet  the  retiuire- 
ments  of  all  classes  who  desire  to  either  im- 
prove their  haudwriling  or  instruct  others  in 
■the  art.  It  is  more  especially  devoted  to 
practical  writing,  and  it  does  not  advocate 
spread  eagle,  etc.,  nourishes,  but  it  ofl'ers 
much  sound  and  sensible  advice  to  writers, 
and  points  out  many  features  wherein  busi- 
ness writing  may  be  improved  without  en- 
deavoring to  acciuire  the  skill  of  a  profes- 
sional penman. 

lis  editor  and  publisher.  Professor  D.  T. 
Ames,  is  a  gentleman  of  rare  talent  and 
great  skill  in  penmansliip,  and  in  courts  of 
law,  as  an  expert  of  handwriting,  has  won  a 
repu;ation  which  places  him  quite  at  the 
head  of  that  important  class  of  witnesses  in 
cases  where  forged,  disguised  or  anonymous 
handwriting  forms  an  element  of  inquiry. 

Parents  who  wish  their  childrrm  to  become 
interested  in  good  penmanship  could  not 
do  better  than  subscribe  for  this  valuable  and 
very  interesting  paper ;  sample  copy  free.— 
ne  iPasmk)  Hem. 


Family   RKr*,™,..  »  ueBim;ui  «ujfnvviiir    "OxaS 


We  have  just  received  the  January  num- 
ber of  the  Penman's  Art  Journal,  which 
contains  a  review  of  a  'series  of  lessons  in 
practical  writing  which  has  been  going  on 
for  more  than  a  year  in  ihe  Journal,  and 
which,  if  tho  inslnictious  be  implicitly  fol- 
lowed, will  surely  lead  tlie  worst  writer  to 
acquire  a  good  legible  business  hand.  The 
review  is  worth  more  than  a  year's  sub- 
scription to  the  Journal.  Every  issue  of 
iliis  paper  is  inviUuable  to  the  amateur 
writer  especially. 

As  a  means  of  increasing  his  already  large 
siibscriptiou-lisi,  the  editor  offers,  as  a  pre- 
niiiim,  a  choice  of  one  out  of  five  fac-siiniles 
of  elegantly  executed  pen-drawings,  Ihe 
sight  of  which  would  encourage  a  student  to 
improve  his  handwriting.— ITIe  WetkluJIem 
Jan.  2J,  1882. 


TO  THE  PROPRIETORS  ^ 

BUSINESS    COLLEGES. 


tyle  of  writing  berelofore  tuughl  in  not  acc«plable  to  tho  average  banker  or  merchant 

The  demand  in  btuiness  hottsea.  banks,  and  telegrapUoffloe*,  U  for  book-kcepef«,  c 


vdof  aomuohlioiiriab.     We  h 

jeot. 

at  tlie  cupitalB  and  looped  led 

'  objBQl  being  to  do  away  with 

made,  botb  pliun.  but  one  ael  li 
are  tho  most  liiglily  arllallo  ai 


loythiug  iif  Ihe  kind  lieretofore  publii 
e  printed  on  beavy  paper,  put  op  in 
;  lo  your  iuioreat  to  purcbaio  these  i 


Hoping  to  hoar  from  yo 
Sample  ut  unt  upon  reotipt  o 


d  bear  nobody's  adver 
id  wUl  be  glud  lo  corr 


HOWE  &  POWERS, 

79  Madison  Street,  qiiioafto.  lU. 


pLEASK  READ.— For  lOcuI  will  send  you  by  return 
and'""''  r  '."^/".''V'  P'lo'o-engmving  of  my  HoiinBhiog, 


Literary  and  Commercial. 


soiiio  first-ol..ss  Institution.  Busi- 
neHHCoUeseppefeir-ed.  Is  a  grad- 
uate of  botli  a  r.iterai-v  and  Com- 
merc-ial  College.  Has  been  a  prac- 
tical Book-keeper  and  A 
and  for  many  years  a  1 
Coimnercial  Bi-anches 
Peninansbip. 

Address,  A  B  C, 


WELLS    W.  SWIFT, 

HarioHvilte,   Ouoiidufja   County,    N*-w    York, 

Proprioior  of  Swift'*.  NRWei-Ai'Kii  Club  AfiExcv, 


I  Sympalhelic^  8  li 
Iliads;  Green.  2  Uiids:  Velloiv.  Bi'owa.  Violet,ll"'kl?dr^ 


«..     U.S."  stamp 
tr  Club-tut  (iws  n 


"The  bcAt  textimonial  a  book  can  have  in  f/ir 
name*  of  those  who  use  ii." 

CARHARTS 

Class-Book  of 

Commercial  Law 

For  the  Scluml  and  Cnimtiiig-ruom,  \i  iiuw  in 

use  in  many  nf  (lie  leading  Colttfues,  Acn- 

J«n.:„.  ..».!   U..I — 1.  :„   •!.:.   . 


THS    COMPLSTS    ^CCOUNT&If.       W;^ 


mies  nnd  Si'hooln  in  tliis  country 

AMONO   THE   NUMBER   ARE ! 
I'm  nuiiDM*  Coll(«i 


-Bni 


Mom. 

N.  Y. 

ilwlelplila,  Pa. 


Illinoli  Wealei-nn  Unirprally 
riin.li*  ItimincM  CoHego 


'.  Pattenon,  N. 


.Newark, 

.'    Lima.  I 
Woodstock. 


.  ColliKovitiD, 


NOW  THE  LEADING  TREATISE  ON  BOOK-KEEPING 

IN    THIS  COUNTRY. 

Arranged  for  use  in  Business  Colleges,  High  Schools, 
and  Academies. 


This  work  embodies  Ilie  Inicst  antl  most ; 
Being  taken  fram  the  nctunl  hookR  of  bnsitir' 
ly  pi-actlcal.  nnd  commends  itself 


THF,  !ii.\TTKi{.  The  student  wil!  IItkI  in  this  work  i 
on3;  and  tnachcre  wiW  And  that  every  page  contains 
lie  work  to  be  done  by  the  etudent  is  pcrhaio  double  ■ 

In  oi'dei'  to  nccommodate  schooU  o 


n  flue  heavy  j 


ovcd  forms  nnd  methods  in  the  Hclence  of 

nscs.  nnd  not  tlie  result  of  thcovfglng,  It  l£  _... 

ICO  alike  to  business  men  and  t«flchei«  of  practical  ideas. 

ioua  snbjects  is  aucb  Its  to  render  the  BCfjnisltlon  of  n  imind 

le  slndtnt  of  Hvoi-nge  ability  and  indnstr>-.     The  students' 

.  n  ;ti!  tr,  -  r.  Ill-  )>i  evented  until  the  mind  has  been  carefully 

'  "Kllments  of  the  science  to  the  most  intrl- 

"     '  '".V  to  be  within  the  capaclly  of  beginners  In 

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and  puplli  a»  d.rtng  iniicb  bettor  work  llian  formerl>'  with  other  books.'    It  is  certainly  &r  iu  adv 

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Its  I 
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PHONOGRAI'UY  ANll  TYl 

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No.  XX. 


Uy  D.  T.  Ames. 

,   „   ,    ,  ///^n  <)    ■  /■ 

' //  f/ ' I  / '/ ^/ 

■  /  y 

/- -^    w  y  \y  1.  ^ 

In  bonk-keepiug  and  all  business  writing 
where  figures  constitute  n  considerable  pro- 
portion of  tlie  worit,  it  is  very  essential  that 
they  be  uiado  not  only  well^but  with  celerity. 
We  therefore  present  as  the  closing  lesson 

)ur  course  a  <!opy  of  the  figures.  Too 
much  caro  cannot  ho  taken  in  study  aud 
practice  of  this  copy.  Most  writers  make 
their  figures  much  too  large,  they  should  be 
.  made  about  twice  the  size  of  the  contracted 
letters,  i.  e.,  they  should  occupy  two  spaces, 

ho  the  height  of  the  i  and  d.  Good 
figures  add  very  tnaterially  to  the  appearance 
of  writing.  To  present  a  pleasing  appearance 
they  should  be  made  with  great  uniformity 

•cgnrds  form,  size  and  shade,  and  in  all 
book-keeing  and  mathematical  operations 
great  care  should  also  be  taken  to  give  every 

ro  its  proper  place.  Many  years  obser- 
vation as  a  teacher  of  accounts  and  arithme- 
tical brnuchcs  has  shown  to  ua  that  more 
tniBtakes  iu  book-keeiug  and  all  matliemat- 
ical  operations  result  from  want  of  proper 

I  in  locating  tiigures  correctly  in  their 
respective  columns  than  .iny  other  single 
ftuse;  and  second,  na  a  source  of  error  are 
nperfect  aud  doubtful  forma  for  instance : 
the  3  is  so  made  as  to  ho  mistaken  for  a  5,  a 
4  for  a  !>,  or  t'lcc  versa.  The  following  are  the 
forms  wliich  we  would  recommend  for  the 

figures.  They  should  ho  practiced  upon  the 
■arm  movement,  first  separately  and  then 
Id  their  proper  order. 


As  we  announced  last  month,  Prof.  H. 
C.  Spencer,  of  Washington,  D.  C,  will, 
in  th«t  next  issue,  begin  a  course  of 
twelve  lessons  in  pmbtical  writing.  The 
instruction  will  he  carefully  prepared  by  H. 
C.  while  the  illustrations  will  be  by  Lyman 
P.  Spencer.  Thus  the  lessons  will  present 
the  combined  skill  and  experience  of  the  best 
teaching  and  artistic  talent  of  this  country, 
and  we  might  say  of  the  world,  for  we  be- 
lieve that  no  system  of  writing  in  the  world 
has  equal  merit  ov  is  as  universally  popular 
as  Spencerian.  Henry  and  Lymmn  Spencer 
are  its  great  masters.  Were  the  cost  of 
this  course  of  lessons  ten  dollars  instead  of 
one  dollar,  it  would  still  he  cheap,  and  should 
give  th.e  Journal  one  hundred  thousand  pat- 
rons, but  when  obtainable  for  the  small  sum 
of  one  dollar  or  less,  every  toache  mpil  and 
person  seeking  to  write  a  hotter  '  id  should 
become  a  subscriber.     Thf  lillioua  of 

persons    who    would    fi-  ar    thus 

invested  to  pay  good  d" 


Force  of  t-u. 


I'ERBD  BY  REV,  A.  L.  URBAN, 
;  STUDENT.S  OF  CURREY's 
BUSINESS  COLLEGE,  DEC.  9tH,  1881. 

In  the  poetry  of  Cliaucer  we  find  this 
beautiful  crmception.  The  poet  is  trans- 
ported in  a  dream  to  the  House  of  Fame. 
It  is  thia ;  Suddenly  a  golden  eagle,  which 
soars  near  the  sun,  and  glitters  like  a  car- 
buncle, descends  with  the  swiftness  of  light- 
ning and  carries  him  off  in  his  talons  above 
the  stars,  dropping  him  finally  before  the 
House  of  Fame,  splendidly  built  of  beryl, 
with  shining  windows  and  lofty  turrets,  and 
situated  on  a  high  rock  of  almost  inaccesible 
ice.  All  the  southern  side  was  graven  with 
the  names  of  famous  men,  but  the  sun  was 
continuously  melting  them. 

On  the  northern  side,  the  names  better 
protected  atill  remained.  Within  the  temple 
all  is  magnificence.  He  enters,  and  iu  a 
high  hall,  wainscotted  with  gold,  euibossed 
with  pearls,  on  a  throne  of  carbuncle,  sits 
the  Queen  of  the  Temple.  Stretching  from 
her  are  the  pillars  on  which  stand  the  great 
— they  who  climbed  over  the  ice-rock  and 
left  their  names  there. 

Perhaps  the  grandest  proof  of  man's  inhe- 
rent divinity  is  his'potcer  to  do.  His  cura- 
tive power  and  strength  of  will  make  him 
capable  of  the  grandest  possibilities.  But 
there  is  also  such  a  thing  as  failure.  Hu- 
man life  is  strewn  with  wretched  failures. 
Mure  men  fail  than  succeed.  What  is  the 
seci-et  of  success?  Minerva,  it  is  said, 
sprang  full-armed  from  the  brain  of  Jupiter. 
Success  is  of  slower  birth.  This  goddess 
never  springs  forth  in  full  glory  from  any 
combination  of  circumstances,  any  fortuitous 
act-ident  or  blind  chance.  It  sometimes  ap- 
pears so,  but  it  is  only  in  appearance.  We 
sometimes  see  men  shoot  up  from  compara- 
tive insignificance  with  the  brilliancy  of 
stars  of  the  first  magnitude.  We  wonder 
and  cry  "  a  genius  !  " — but  how  long  have 
those  fires  been  burning  unseen?  A  few  years 
ago  Motley  shot  up  to  the  first  position  as 
an  historian.  Many  wondered,  but  it  was 
no  wonder.  The  secret  lay  in  the  years  of 
patient  toil  in  the  libraries  of  the  old  and 


'  worlds,  when  lie  had  ^ 


ught  un 


of  I 

There  is  such  a  thing  as  genius.  But 
what  is  genius  ?  What  but  the  light  of  the 
fire  of  an  earnest  soul t -what  but  tcorkf 
"  Genius  ia  a  faculty  for  hard  work,"  says 
one  genius.  "  I  can  plod,"  said  Dr.  Gary, 
when  asked  the  secret  of  his  wonderful  suc- 
cess. Button  said  of  genius;  "It  is  pa- 
tience." Aud  this  accords  with  the  facts. 
Men  of  the  most  distinguished  genius  have 
invariably  been  the  most  indefatigable 
workers.  We  make  all  allowance  for  acci- 
dental advantages.  Doubtless  the  advan- 
tages possessed  by  some  at  the  very  start 
are  great  and  valuable — as  a  thorough 
training  and  culture,  such  na  Sumner  ac- 
quired I  y  the  aid  of  means  and  social  posi- 
tions. But  it  is  true,  also,  in  such  instances, 
that  their  real  power  and  greatness  are 
owing  mainly,  not  to  those  accidental  advan- 
tages, but'to  their  own  personal  diligence. 


uld  have  becoi 


J  the  I 


ter  mind  he  was  but  for  his  untiring  energy, 
intending  purpose  and  noble  consecration 
to  hi.';  life-work.  No  man  ever  became 
truly  great  by  accideut.  '*  Ho  happened  to 
succeed"  is  a  foolish,  uumeaning  phrase. 
No  man  happens  to  succeed.  Success  is 
not  a  heritage.  The  birthright  of  the  soul 
is  to  do.  Indolence  never  sent  a  man  to  the 
front.  The  deep  things  of  thia  world  are 
not  engineered  by  sluggards. 

The  poet's  fancy  conveys  a  truth.  To 
secure  good  there  must  he  efl'ort  and  the 
higher  the  good  the  greater  the  effort.  The 
House  (if  Fame  can  he  reached  only  by 
climbing  over  the  ice-rock,  aud  that  the 
name  may  endure  il  must  be  cut  iu  the  solid 
ice  of  the  cold  northern  side.  The  truly 
great  man  is  never  shaped  in  the  mould  of 
circumstances  by  accident  or  chance.  He  ia 
rather  like  the  monumental  statue,  cut  by 
the  hand  of  labor  from  the  ahapeless  and  un- 
seemly rock.  Succe-'B  is  the  reward  of 
effort.  We  must  win  it.  This  goddess 
crowns  only  the  victor.  This  angel  will 
not  bless  until  we,  like  Jacob,  have  wrestled 
and  conquered.  •'  The  flighty  purpose  never 
is  o'erlaken  unless  the  deed  go  with  it.'' 

But  it  is  also  evident  that  all  workers 
are  not  successful.  There  are  many  who 
work — and  who  work  hard — who  yet  fail. 
What  then  is  the  secret  spring  of  successful 
efibrt?  It  is  purimse,  by  which  term  I 
mean  the  aim  steadily  kept  in  view,  the 
stimulus  and  the  director  of  every  eHort. 
There  is  a  significance  in  this  word  purpose 
which  expresses  the  thought  exactly.  It 
means  more  than  intention,  the  fulfillment  of 
which  depends  on  circumstances.  It  is  the 
fixed,  steady,  di^tenoined  resolution  of  the 
soul,  the  temper  of  the  man,  which  is  not 
diverted  by  circumstances,  but  by  the  mas- 
tery of  circumstances  executes  its  will. 
When  I  speak  of  the  force  of  purpose, 
therefore,  I  speak  of  a  high,  noble  power; 
a  force  which  characterizes  the  hero  and  the 
conqueror.  I  mean  the  power  of  will  which 
refuses  to  be  hound  by  circumstances,  but 
which  refuses  to  float  like  a  straw  upon  the 
water  to  make  the  direction  of  the  current, 
but  which  strikes  out  for  itself,  like  a  strong 
d  buffela  with  the  w.ives,  di- 
ng its  own  independent  course.     It  is 


the  grandest  element  of  manhood.    Nothing 
ennobles  a  man  so  much  as  a  high  ideal. 

The  holiest  wedlock  is  that  which  unitei 
the  soul  to  a  pure  and  lofty  purpose.  And 
this  is  the  secret  of  successful  enterprise. 
Not  merely  the  power  to  achieve,  but  the 
will  to  labor  energetically  and  perseveringly. 
Not  eminent  talent  so  much  as  strong  pur- 
pose. This  is  the  secret  spring  of  the  soul's 
power.  This  ia  the  thought  which  we  seek 
to  amplify  and  illustrate  in  this  lecture. 

IT  INSPIRES  BY  THE  POWER  OF  ITS  IDEAL. 

There  is  such  a  thing  as  inspiration.  The 
man  who  wrote  "Paradise  Lost  "was  in- 
spired. It  was  the  inspiration  of  an  idea. 
The  man  who  led  his  forces  across  the  Alps, 
cutting  his  way  through  rooks  and  snows, 
was  inspired  by  a  purpose.  Let  me  illus- 
trate what  I  mean  by  inspiration.  In  an 
obscure  street  in  the  city  of  Florence,  the 
eye  of  Michael  Angelo  discovers  a  block  of 
marble,  half  buried  in  dirt  and  rubbish. 
Ho  at  once  falls  to  work,  clearing  away  its 
filth,  and  striving  to  lift  it  from  the  slime 
and  mire  in  which  it  lies.  His  astonished 
companions  a§k  'him  what  he  wants  with 
that  worthless  piece  of  rock.  "  Oh,  there 
is  an  angel  in  the  stone,"  is  the  answer; 
"and  I  must  get  it  out."  He  has  it  re- 
moved it  to  his  studio,  and,  with  patient  toil, 
with  mallet  and  chisel,  he  lets  the  angel 
out.  That  is  inspiration.  You  may  call 
it  enthusiasm,  but  I  call  it  inspiration: 
But  inspiration  implies  its  source.  The 
source  of  a  man's  inspiration  is  his  ideal. 
The  law  of  the  soul  is  growth,  but  the 
condition  of  growth  is  aspiration.  A  man 
must  work  after  an  ideal.  If  he  is  to 
advance,  lie  must  liave  somethieg  ahead 
of  him  to  attract  him  forward.  The  ideal 
inspires  enthusiasm  aud  purpose  paints  the 
ideal. 

IT  GIVES  COURAGE. 

Many  of  you  have  read  the  story  of  Hanni- 
bal's consecration.  At  the  close  of  the  first 
Punic  war  he  was  but  nine  years  of  age. 
His  father,  about  to  cross  his  array  into 
Spain,  stood  upon  the  shores  of  Carthage, 
reflecting  bitterly  upon  the  triumph  of  the 
Romans,  and  his  great  spirit  was  stirred 
within  him.  Thus  occupied,  he  was  ap- 
proached by  his  child,  who  entreated  the 
father  to  lead  him  with  the  troops  into  Spain. 
The  great  parent  breathed  upon  the  martial 
spirit  of  his  son,  and,  leading  him  to  the 
altar,  bade  him  touch  the  sacrifices,  and  then 
swear  that  when  he  became  a  man  he  would 
be  the  enemy  of  Kome.  In  that  hour  the 
purpose  of  Hannibal's  life  was  formed. 
There  was  born  the  power  that  made  Italy 
tremble  at  its  tread,  and  shook  haughty 
Rome  to  her  foundations.  That  purpose 
inspired  the  life  of  Hannibal.  It  gave 
cemrage  in  battle  and  strength  in  deft  at. 
The  man  with  a  high  purpose  will  dare. 
He  will  master  circumstances.  He  will 
force  his  way  through.  Defeat  will  but  fire 
anew  his  brave  heart.  His  high  purpose 
gives  impulse  to  every  action  and  soul  to 
every  effort. 

IT  CONCENTRATES   POWER. 

The  rays  of  tlie  sun  when  concentrated, 
will  burn  a  hole  through  an  inch-board. 
Scatter  a  baiTel  of  gunpowder  over  a  wide 


^^5St^ 


space  and  applj^  the  inatvli  and  ita  power  is 
trifling;  but  plac«  it  iolo  the  drilled  rocks 
and  it  will  lift  Had  rend  tbem.  Separate 
the  atoms  which  make  the  baininer,  and 
each  would  fall  oa  the  stoo<^  aa  a  snowHake ; 
but  welded  into  one,  »iid  wielded  b;  the  finn 
arm  of  the  quarryinan  it  will  break  the  mas- 
sive rocke  asnoder.  Divide  ihc  waters  of 
Niagara  into  distioct  and  individual  drops 
aud  they  would  h<>  no  more  than  Ihe  falliDg 
rain ;  but  in  their  united  b()dy  they  would 
quench  the  firea  of  Vesuvius.  So  of  etfort. 
There  must  be  a  central  point.  Power 
must  be  concentrated  to  a  purpose.  No 
great  work  is  done  with  one  hand.  The 
gdoeral  cause  of  failure  on  the  part  of 
workers  is  the  expenditure  of  their  energies 
without  the  dire<!tion  of  a  controlling  pur- 
pose. 

This  thought  is  illustrated  in  the  babita 
of  scholars.  Every  student  knows  that  the 
first  condition  of  successful  study  ia  that  of 
fixed  uttentioD  or  concentratioD  of  thought. 
The  mighty  intellecta 
of  every  age  have  been 
distinguished  for  this 
power.    "  It  ia  said  of 


.Mau  was  held  in  God's  thought  from 
eternity,  and  at  length  lie  walked  forth  the 
product  of  eternal  purpose-  Nor  has  God's 
patient  toil  yet  ceased,  for  still  "  through  the 
ages  one  increasing  purpose  runs.''  God's 
lesson  is  this — there  is  no  well-doing,  no 


Jonson  was  a  mason,  and  worked  with  a  I  said:  "Great  men  of  science,  literature 
trowel  in  hLi  hand  and  a  book  iu  his  pocket;  I  and  art — apostles  of  great  thoughts  and 
Bunyan  was  a  tinker.     The  only  school  of     lords  of  the  great  heart — have  belonged  to 


God-like  doing,  that  is  not  patient  doing,  i  sacred 


Drew,  the  essayist,  was  a  cobbler's  stall ; 
aud  that  of  Hugh  Miter,  the  great  geologist, 
was  a  stone   quarry ;    Doints,   the    great 


his  boyhood,  a  slave, 


there  is  no  great  achievement  that 
result  of  working  and  waiting.  Great  re- 
sults cannot  he  achieved  at  once.  That 
which  is  to  endure  must  be  reared  securely. 
Sure  foundations  must  he  laid,  and  upon 
tbem  strong  timbers  symmetrically  joined 
before  the  building  is  ready  for  roofing. 
Who  are  the  masters?  They  are  the  pa- 
tient toilers.  Titian  spout  eight  years  on 
one  painting.  Kepler  spent  seventeen  years' 
toil  over  a  single  law  of  the  heavenly  bodies. 
Cyrus  W.  Field  toiled  incessantly  for  thir- 
teen years  before  the  Atlantic  cable  was 
successfully  laid.  So  of  all  great  movements 
which  bless  mankind.  "  The  thoughts  that 
the  age  ''  are  of  slow  growth.     They 


and  stole  his  first  lessons  at  night 
master's  studio ;  while  Paul  Kubeos,  the 
beginuer  and  head  of  a  great  epoch  in  art, 
in  early  life  was  a  servant.  Our  own  coun- 
try atforda  many  grand  examples.  West, 
America's  pride  in  the  proud  school  of  art, 
was  a  country  boy  from  Chester  County,  ol 
our  own  State ;  Jefferson,  Clay  and  Web- 
ster came  from  farms.  Horace  GreeleyJ  the  !  step  fr 
greatest  journalist  of  his  age,  came  to  New  !  stumbled 


exclusive  rank  or  class  in  life.  They 
have  come  alike  from  colleges,  work-shops 
and  farm-houses ;  from  huta  of  poor  men 
and  mansions  of  rich.  Some  of  God's  great- 
est apostles  have  come  from  tlio  ranks." 
What  men  want  is  purpose,  an  expansive 
faith,  and  elastic  hope.  In  nine  cases  out 
of  ten  failure  is  born  of  unfaith  and  faint 
heart.  The  man  who  would  succeed  dare 
not  cry  over  spilt  water.  He  dare  not  be 
disheartened  by  mistakes.  He  must  organ- 
ize victory  out  of  mistakes.  The  men  who 
.  to  peak  like  gods,  have  first 
the  very  rudiments  of  climb- 


York  City,  when  a  boy,  seeking  employ- 
ment, with  all  his  wardrobe  tied  up  in  a 
pocket-handkerchief,  and  all  his  fortune  of 
a  few  shillings  in  his  pocket.  Henry  Ward 
Beecher  commenced  his  brilliant  career  at 
the  very  foot  of  the  ladder,  being  both  pastor 


Sei 


that 


midst  of  the  bustle  of 
an  encampment,  he 
fell  into  a  profound 
meditation  and  stood 
with  thf  immobility 
of  a  statue  from  one 
morning  until  the  sun 
rose  on  the  next.  The 
celebrated  matlx 
tician  of  Syracuse, 
Archimedes,  was  so 
absorbed  by  his  ma- 
thematical researches 
as  not  to  he  disturbed 
by  the  invasion  and 
capture  (»f  the  city  by 
a  hostile  army.''  It  is 
said  of  Dr.  Robert 
Hamilt«m,  one  of  the 
most  profound  and 
clear-headed  thinkers, 
and  om<  of  the 
amiable  men,  that  he 
became  so  completely 
absorbed  in  his  reflec- 
tions, as  to  lose  the 
perception  of  external 
things,  and  almost 
that  of  his  own  iden- 
tity and 
The  foUov 
what  amusing  por- 
traiture was  drawn 
by  the  hand  of  one 
who  knew  him:  "  In 
public  the  man  was  a 
shadow  ;  pulled  ofl'  his 
but  to  his  own  wife  in 


■mg  1 


ing.  Men  must  have  the  spirit  of  "self- 
help,"  for  fortune  favors  the  brave. 
"  Heaven  helps  him  who  helps  himself."  It 
is  true,  success  may  be  long  in  coming  j  the 
brave  man  may  close  his  eyes  ore  it  cnmee, 
but  he  assured  whatever  has  life  in  it  will 
tell.  A  noble  purpose 
i-tal,  and  com- 
ing ages  will  crown  it. 
When  Milton  wrote 
his  "  Paradise  Lost," 
he  had  to  wait  ten 
years  before  he  could 
find  a  publisher,  and 
the  whole  amount  re- 
ceived by  him  and  his 
family  from  the  copy- 
right of  it  was  only 
£28.  Here  is  a  criti- 
that,  to  us,  is 
and  amusing ; 
it  is  from  the  pen  of 
Waller,  a  popular 
poet  of  that  day. 
"The  old  blindsehool- 
master,  John  Milton, 
hath  published  a  tedi- 
ous poem,  on  the  fall 
;  if  its  length 
be  considered  a  merit, 
it  hath  no  other."  To- 
day Waller  holds  a 
literature 
only  by  sufferance, 
while  English  history 
presents  no  grander 
figure  than  John  Mil- 
ton. He  is  one  of  the 
four  great  peaks  of 
English     literature  — 


the  siree 


'^^^f^f^'tTte/^^e-i/ip-f 


The  above  cult  were  photo-engraved  from  copy  executed  by  O.  A.  Gruman,  teacher  of  writing  at  Faddis'a  St.  Paul  {Mi 
Businets  CotUge,  and  are  given  at  apeciment  of  off-hand  jlourithing  and  practical  muscular  writing. 


J^yd'yU^^ .^p.'^r^^ 


ud  apolo- 

t  having  the  plei 


iiuaiutaui-e;  went  to  his  classes  in  the  col- 
lege on  ihe  dark  mornings,  with  one  of  her 
white  stockiogs  on  one  leg,  and  one  of  his 
black  ones  on  the  other ;  often  spent  the 
whole  time  of  the  meeting  in  moving  fiora 
tlie  table  the  hats  of  the  students,  which 
I  hey  as  constantly  replaced  ;  sometimes  in- 
vited them  to  call  upon  him,  and  then  fine 
them  for  coming  to  insult  him.  He  would 
run  against  a  cow  in  the  road,  turn  round, 
bi-g  her  pardon,  madam,  and  hope  she  was 
not  burl.  At  other  times  he  would  run 
against  posts  and  chide  tbem  for  not  getting 
out  of  his  way;  aud  yet  his  conversation, 
at  the  same  time,  if  anybody  happened  to 
be  with  him,  was  perfect  logic  and  perfect 
music."  It  is  true,  such  a  state  of  mind  is 
hardly  to  he  coveted,  hut  it  illustrates  the 
thought  on  which  we  have  been  dwelling. 
•  It  is  the  oontrulliug  puqiose  which  coucen- 
tniles  power  to  the  aciiievement  of  its  end. 


begin  deep  down  and  slowly  win  the: 
ward  way,  until  the  mind  grasps  them 
prehensively,  and  the  living  thought 


IT  SCHOOLS  PATIENCE. 

"  The  world  was  not  made  in  i 
saj-s  the  old  adage.  God  was  in 
to  make  it.  Who  ran  reckon 
during  which  God  wrought  to  i 
B  dwelling-plaoe ' 


The  true  masters — the  Wellingtons  and 
Bismarcks,  Lincolns  and  Lutliers— are  men 
of  purpose,  men  who  were  educated  in  the 
sidiool  of  self-discipline,  who  intelligently 
form  and  manfully  pursue  a  purpose. 
Finally, 
DETERMINED   PDRPOSB  WILL  ACHIEVE. 

I  am  not  a  worshiper  of  laws,  hut  I  do 
honor  true  human  greatness.     I  have  faith 
in  the  great  possibiUties  of  a  true  manlmod. 
I  believe  with  Shelley,  that  the  Almighty 
has  given  men  and  women  arms  long  enough      original 
to  reach  the  stars,  if  they  will  only  put  them  i  was  raised  to  hard 
out.     I  am  a  strong  beUever  in  the  force  of     poverty  until,    in    1 
purpose.     Biography  abounds  in  grand  illus-  I  completed  his 
trations  of  its  power.     It  is  the  magic  "  Se-  1  a  n\Q%\  royal  incou 
same  "  to  the  secret  dour  of  success.    Jeremy  '.  aro  hut  a  few  of  thi 
Taylor,    the     "  Spencer    of     the     English      affords  of 
pulpit,'' came  from  a  barber's  shop;    Shake- 


and  sexton  of  his  first  church.  James  Gor- 
don Bennett  landed  in  this  country  with  a 
purse  of  less  than  twenty-five  dollars,  no 
friends,  and  no  trade  but  that  of  book- 
keeper. Cyrus  W.  Field  was  a  clerk  in 
New  York  City.  Abraham  Lincoln  rose 
from  the  position  of  a  raftsman  into  the 
highest  position  in  the  gift  of  the  nation. 
General  Grant  washed  the  tanner's  stain 
from  his  hands,  and  marched  victoriously  to 
Richmond,  aud  then  stepped  into  the  White 
House.  Eminent  men  in  business  circles 
afford  like  examples.  Stephen  Girard  was 
once  a  sailor.  John  Jacob  Astor  knew 
poverty  in  his  eariy  life.  George  Peabody 
was  an  apprentice  in  a  country  store.  Daniel 
a  farmer's  boy.  Elias  Howe,  the 
of    the   sewing-machine, 


ho  ; 


earth  fit  for  i 


minute,**  1  pulpit,'' came  from  a  barber's  sbo] 
no  hurry  speare's  father  was  a  butcher  aud  grazier, 
the  ages  and  he  himself  in  early  life  was  a  wool- 
lake  this  comber;  Cook,  the  navigator,  and  Bums, 
t  the  poet,  were  common  day  laborers ;  Ben 


greatness  by  their 
herent  power.  They  are  the  witnesses  to 
the  truth  that  there  ia  success  for  patient 
toil,  inspired  aud  directed  by  a  controlling 
purpose.     Well   and    grandly  has    Smiles 


Shakespeare,  Milton 
— while  his  conceited 
critic  has  long  since 
been  most  lost  in  the 
mists  of  oblivion.  A 
few  years  ago  the 
poor,hunted ,  harrassed 
body  of  John  Brown 
—  -  -—  ^^.^  stretched  on  the 
Charlestown  gallows.  Was  that  defeat? 
No ;  no ;  for  the  soul  of  John  Brown  still 
goes  marching  on.  Remember,  always, 
the  applause  of  men  does  not  always  honor 
success.  How  many  beautiful  lives  there 
are  which  never  come  to  the  surface;  some 
people's  lives  are  like  stones  thrown  into  the 
still  river  at  a  time  when  crowds  stand  on 
the  bank  and  applaud ;  the  circles  are  ob- 
served by  all,  and  the  admiration  of  the 
multitude  grows  greater  as  the  circles  widen. 
Others  are  like  stones  thrown  into  the  river, 
when  it  flows  through  the  shady  forest,  and 
no  eye  but  the  rewarding  eye  of  God  watches 
the  circles  until  they  touch  either  bank. 
But  their  lives  are  none  the  less  profitable, 
none  the  less  successful,  none  the  less  work- 
ing out  of  great  purposes,  because  they  are 
rk,  and  battled  with  j  spent  amid  the  vast  silences  of  humanity, 
attic  work-shop,  he  I  The  lesson  for  each  one  of  us  is  this :  We 
and  finally  reaped  j  need  a  patient  will  to  toil,  not  for  the  bauble 
his  reward.  These  I  of  praise,  but  for  the  merit  of  true  success, 
imples  which  history  j  No  such  purpose  can  fail.  Those  were  gooc 
se  from  comparative  '  lines  which  the  good  Santo  Teresa,  of  Spain, 
""■■  "'  centuries  ago: 


— Perm,  Business  ColUgt  Journal. 


I 


The  oldest  edticatioual  institution  in  the 

rantryiathe  Boston  Latin  School.— CWftc. 

A  Bcliool  of  luechanical  handiwork  is  to 
be  organized  in  connection  with  Girard  Col- 
lege. 

Ex-Gov.  Morgan,  of  New  Yorlt,  has  given 
Williams  CoUogo  $80,U()0  to  build  a  now 
dormitory. 

The  scIiodI  population  of  Ontario  is 
489,924,  and  the  total  expense  of  instruntinn 
is  $2,W22,0r)2. 

The  late  William  Wlieelright  haa  left 
$128,000  to  found,  in  Nowhiiryi  ort,  Mass., 
a  aehonl  for  instruction  iu  practical  knowl- 
edge. 

More  than  a  thousand  women  are  now 
teaching  iu  Switzerland.  Girls  are  admit- 
ted to  the  high  schools  only  in  Zurich  and 
Berne. 

Hci-ejiftsr  any  teaohor  who  accepts  a  pres- 
ent from  pupils  in  the  public  achoola  of 
Hamilton,  Ontario,  will  he  immediately  dis- 

Agriculturo  is  taught  in  27,000  of  the 
34,000  schonls  ef  Prance,  which  have  gar- 
dens attached  in  which  practical  instruction 
can  be  given. 

Koumauia  Jias  a  population  of  5,370,000, 
iiud  but  118,015  children  at  school.  Tlie 
total  expouditurefor  education  ia  SI,2.'JO,0(IO 
H  year,  and  for  ita  military  establislimcut 
>^x;.500,000. 

Columbia  College  has  275  students  in  the 
Si^liool  of  Arts,  275  in  the  School  of  Minos, 
-J/l  in  the  School  of  Law,  CA?  in  the  School 
of  Medicine,  and  22  in  the  Scho<d  of  PoUti- 
cal  Scieucc.  In  all  departments  the  college 
has  1572  students. 

I 

The  Greek  Testament  in  the  ancient 
tongue  is  now,  by  order  of  the  Greek  Gov- 
eruuiont,  read  in  its  1,200  schools,  which 
have  80,000  pupils. 

The  first  senior  class  of  Colorado  Uni- 
versity will  ho  graduated  tliis  year.  It  Iiaa 
six  members.  The  wh<de  number  of  students 
now  in  attendance  is  118. 

Tho  Unitm  Theological  Seminary  at  New 
"iork  is  in  lu.k.  Ex-Gov.  Morgan's  gift  of 
-■*-*i»0,000  hits  already  been  supplemented  by 
uitts  of  SIOI',0(H)  from  D.  Willis  James, 
i..r  an.'w  dormitory;  $50,000  from  Morris 
K.  Jessup,  for  library  building;  *riO,000 
from  an  anonymous  friend  for  a  Bibliwil 
theology,    and     several    contributious     of 


$5,000  and  .$10,000.— AT.  Q.  Christian 
Advocate. 

In  St.  Petersburg,  this  year,  980  women 
are  pursuing  the  higher  courses  of  educa- 
ti<ra;  010  of  these  students  are  of  noble 
origin.  Physics  and  matheimitics  are  studied 
by  .52!,  and  417  take  literature.— iV.  0. 
Christian  Advocate. 

Tho  total  value  of  school  property  in 
West  Virginia  is  $l,74d,92i>.  The  scho<d 
pojuilatioD  is  213,441,  the  attendance  !»1, 
298.  There  are  4,327  public  school  teachers 
in  the  State,  117  of  whom  are  colored.  The 
average  salary  given  to  teachers  is  $2i).fil. 

The  white  population  of  the  Northern 
States  in  1860  was  about  19,000,000;  of 
the  Southern  States  about  H,000,000.  The 
North  had  205  colleges,  1,507  teachers, 
20,044  students,  at  a  coat  of  $1,514,298; 
the  South  had  262  colleges,  1,488  teaehera, 
27,055  students,  at  a  cost  of  $J,{i(»2,419. 
In  the  matter  of  public  schools,  sustained 
by  taxation  and  free  to  all  who  chose  to  at- 
tend, the  South,  at  thedate given, exhibits  a 
painful  contrast.  The  South  waa  far  behind 
the  North  in  the  provision  made  for  univer- 
sal education.  In  some  towns  free  public 
schools  were  sustained,  but  no  plans  ade- 
quate for  nuiversal  education  existed.— X*;-. 
J.  L.  BlcCulhj,  in  '■  Education." 


Educational  Fancies. 
As  the  pen  is  beut,  the  paper  is  ink  lined. 
Which  waa  the   most  formidable   stand 
made  for  liberty?    The  ink-stand. 

Tommy  asked  his  mother  if  the  school 
teacher's  ferule  waa  the  board  of  education. 

"Why  is  the  Latin  a  dea<i  language?" 
wjis  asked  a  hoy.  "  Because  it  is  so  much 
used  oil  gravestones,"  was  tho  reply. 

Teacher  to  a  small  boy :  "  What  does  the 
jiroverb  say  about  those  who  live  in  glass 
houses  f "  Small  hoy :  "  PhU  doton  the 
blinds." 

Hazing  at  Smith  College,  tho  Massachu- 
setts institute  for  girls,  is  quite  sweet  and 
gentle.  The  new  comers  are  seized,  led  into 
the  main  hall, presented  with  boucpieta, kissed  j 
affectionately,  and  then  shown  the  pictures 
and  statuary  in  the  art  gallery.  i 


being  asked,  "  What  is  mist?  J'  vaguely  r 
plied,  "An  umbrella."     "And  the 
to  my  question,"  said  the  teacher. 


"Where  are  yoi 

going,  my  little  man  ? 

To  school."  "  Yo 

u  learn  to  read?  '  "  No. 

To  count?''  "No 

."   "What  do  you  do? 

I  wait  for  school 

0  let  out." 

A  Vassar  giil  found  that  she  must  either 
give  up  her  lover  or  her  gum,  and,  after  one 
day  spent  in  reflection,  she  pressed  his  hand 
good-by,  and  said  she  would  always  be  a 

Prof.  ( lo(dting  at  his  watch ) :  As  we 
have  a  few  n)inutes  left  I  should  like  to  have 
anyone  ask  a  question,  if  so  disposed." 
Student:  "  What  time  is  it,  please?  "■ 

— The  Polytechnic. 

Class  iu  histoiy.  Teacher:  "Who  waa 
the  first  man  f "  Fir/it  hoy  :  "  George 
Washington."  Teaclier :  "  Next."  Second 
hov:  "Adam."  Teacher:  "Right."  Firxt 
hay  (indignantly):  "I  didu't  know  you 
meant  foreigners." 


Atmospherical    knowledge    is   ui 
ugbly  distributed   in  our  schools. 


t  thor- 
A  boy 


A  teacher  was  trying  to  make  Johnny 
understand  the  science  of  simple  division. 
"  Now,  J(»hnny,"  said  she,  "  if  you  had  an 
orange  which  you  wished  to  divide  with  your 
little  sister,  how  much  would  you  give  her  ?  " 
Johnny  thought  it  over  a  moment,  and 
replied  :  "  A  suck." 

This  is  an  Examination.  See  how  sad 
those  Boys  look.  Look  at  that  Boy  in  the 
Coruer.  He  will  Pass.  He  has  Studied 
hard.  He  has  all  the  Knowledge  at  his 
tinger-euds.  See  he  puts  his  knowledge 
in  his  Pocket,  because  the  Tutor  is  Look- 
ing.    Come  away  Children  l—Recoi-d. 


Pliiiy  tells  that  Homer's  Iliad,  which  is 
fifteen  thousand  verses,  was  written  iu  so 
small  a  spaee  as  to  be  c^mtained  in  a  nut- 
shell; while  Elia  mentions  an  artist  who 
wrote  a  distich  in  letters  of  gcdd,  and  en- 
closed it  in  the  rind  of  a  kernel  of  corn. 
But  the  Harren  MS-  mentions  a  greater 
curiosity  than  either  of  the  above :  it  being 
nolhiug  more  or  less  tbau  the  Bible,  written 
by  one  Peier  Itales,  a  chancery  clerk,  iu  so 
small  a  book  that  it  could  be  euchised  in  the 
shell  itf  an  ii^nglish  walnut.  Disraeli  gives 
an  account  of  many  other  similar  exploits  t<( 
that  of  Bates. — Common  Sense. 


question  about  it," 
Crandall,  the  inveutor,  as  he  sat  in  his  me- 
chanical study  in  Brooklyn,  at  work  upon 
something  now,  "  a  flying- machine  can  be 
constructed,  and,  as  sotm  as  I  get  to  my 
mark  in  money-making,  I  am  going  to  con- 
struct one.    r 

the  bird  is  the  model,  just  as  the  fish  is  the 
model  for  a  boat.  My  notion  is  to  make  a 
body,  egg-shaped,  out  of  raw  hide,  drawn 
a  model  and  formed  when  wet,  and  in 
>  large  wings  of 
papier  ma(!he.  Those  wings,  of  c 
he  made  like  a  bird's.  It  has  often  puzzled 
me  to  know  how'a  bird,  after  making  its 
first  leap  from  the  ground,  mounted  higher 
and  higher.  I  have,  I  am  sure,  discovered 
the  mechanical  method,  and  I  provide  for  it 
by  filling  the  wings  with  holes,  and  cover- 
ing the  holes  on  the  under-side  with  thin 
abutters  made  of  light  paper  and  opening 
downward,  so  that  when  the  wings  are 
raised  against  the  air  they  will  be  sieves, 
and  the  resistance  of  the  air  will  be  lessened, 
and  when  they  are  lowered  they  will  beat 
solidly  against  the  air.  These  wings  I 
should  have  made  upon  a  frame,  M'orking 
in  a  socket  with  a  ball  joint  where  they 
touch  the  boat.  Now,  a  bird's  body  hangs 
below  its  wings  when  it  flies.  So  should 
the  boat  of  a  tlying-machino.  A  bird  can 
turn  its  wings  almost  at  any  angle.  The 
man  iu  my  Hying- machine  can  do  the  same 
thing  by  pressing  upon  pedals  iu  the  bottom 
of  his  boat.  He  can  thus  have  perfect  con- 
trol of  his  course,  and  can  shape  it  to  any 
point  of  the  compass." 

"What  Mould  be  your  motive  power?" 
"  Electricity.  I  would  run  the  wings  by 
an  electric  engine,  operating  a  crank  in  the 
middle  of  the  boat.  I  calculate  that  the  raw 
hide  boat  would  nut  weigh  over  ten  pounds, 
and  that  the  elecirin  engine  would  be  of 
the  same  weight.  The  wings  would  he 
about  the  same  weight.  The  wings  would 
be  about  fifteen  feet  long,  and  the  speed  of 
the  machine  would  depend  upon  the  velocity 
with  which  these  wings  may  bo  worked. 
Sec  what  a  weight  in  body  the  gossamer 
tlireads  of  a  humming-bird  carry,  or  tho 
wings  a  bumble-bee.  Vet  they  tly  at  great 
8i)eed  because  ilicy  move  their  wings  with 
great  rapidity.  I  think  that  with  batteries 
of  bottled  elec^tricity  and  the  tiny  electric 
engines  of  great  p(»wer  the  Hying-machino 
is  taken  out  of  tho  category  of  dreams,  and 
appeals  to  the  inventive  faculties  of  practical' 

**  I  believe  that  before  another  century  is 
gone  by,  men  may  have  llyiug-machines  on 
their  housetops  in  Brooklyn,  that  they  can 
take  a  seat  in  them,  turn  a  liny  switch,  and 
put  their  feet  upon  their  pedals,  unfold  a 
moruiug  paper,  and  cross  over  to  New  York 
with  as  litlle  conreru  as  they  can  feel  in  a 
ferryboat,  or  as  ihey  uiay  some  time,  snoner 
or  later,  feel  on  the  bridge.  The  plan  ia 
simple,  and,  as  I  am  not  n-ady  yet  to  begin 
it,  I  hope  some  other  inveutor  will  take  it 
up."— 77ie  Sun 


The  Paean  of  the  Pen. 


»ing.  g«ii1«  Mu«.  U 

pPw 

0(  111-  P* 

- 

A  fWttt  nMT  •ong 

h«l  ih* 

InotpMB 

ownj 

ndChi 

nliyVdor. 

y. 

Attd  dMd*  of  and 

Mgod. 

KDd  nnrli 

emTO! 

BiBg  Id  lb»  wftcT  ncmat*  of 

o-ilny, 

And  the  pixMilc  UttDDK  *h 

■.inwthj- 

Tofccagi 

EDtoTWd  fbKll  b*  thj 

nonffw 

lb  nil  .b. 

Ul. 

And  »:t,  nnd  mtd 

m.  oft 

U  latter  ti 

ne. 

ymo: 

Oit  pot- 

ul  thought,  imptat 

TheSiogor-.omllhi* 

Arti*t' 

Ibongh.. 

d!\nn*. 

AlldedicsMJloU.^ 

e.  WKllO 

nombM»f 

The  be«l.  the  wi»wi,  n 


IV. 


lotight 


Tlw  kings  nod  princ«  o 

Had  perishod  in  the  filFuoo  of  dwire, 
Exwpt  the  potent  speptro.  tippM  with  fire, 

A  kioRiIom  out  of  nothlngDMshnd  bTOUght, 
What  won  Ibo  Poet  nod  hit  whicp'ring  lyre, 


*  dyiB 


mnghf 


Y«l  every  deed  is  quarried  in  II 
And  Writ  indelibly  beforo  the 


Tns  Pm — how  viul  its  record  a 
With  ■tmodi  of  golden  ivoion  an 


What  shall  I  do  to  become  a  Good 

Penman. 

By  Pitoi-.  H.  Russell. 

I  am  just  in  recei])t  of  a  letter  from  the 
BOD  of  an  old  and  Yiilued  acquaiotaiice  who 
had  lately  graduated  at  Yale  with  distinction, 
and  who  is  a  splendid  mathematician,  a  fine 
orator  (and  a  most  maguificeut  scholar,  but 
whose  penmanship  would  discount  Chonte's, 
Greeley's  or  Gerret  Smith's  for  illegibility. 
Id  the  phraseoloyy  of  my  frieud  Packard, 
"  he  can't  write  for  oold  potatoes,"  and  his 
signature,  like  the  celebrated  big  injuD  in 
Mark  Twain's  book,  looked  aa  if  it  had 
been  nn  a  dnmk  for  a  year. 

Well,  what  is  to  be  done,  and  what  advice 
shall  be  given  t  To  reply  to  the  inquiry  is 
my  purpose.  The  young  man  tells  me  that 
from  professional  penmen  lie  is  in  receipt 
of  a  mimber  of  letters  containing  so  many 
•iTora  in  apelUng  and  composition  and  «ith 
Buch  abominable  "Jim  Crow"  grammar, 
that  he  is  loath  to  take  the  advice  of  such 
persons  as  authority  u]»>n  so  important  a 
Bubject.  My  advice  to  the  young  man  was 
given  vpry  brieliy  :  Jst.  Put  yourself  under 
a  master  of  the  art,  and  if  you  use  ooe-lialf 
the  effort  to  acquire  a  good  hand\Triting  as 
you  have  to  acquire  a  knowledge  of  Greek, 
my  word  for  it,  you  will  succeed,  and  you 
will  be  sure  to  find  good  handwriting  a 
thousand  times  more  profitable  thau  any  of 
the  dead  languages.  2d.  Take  all  of  the 
back  numbers  of  tlie  Penman's  Art 
JouiiNAL,  for  they  contain  what  will  be  of 
infiuitf  service  to  yoii,  viz.,  many  valuable 
facts  from  several  of  the  best  known  teachers 
and  antliora  in  the  United  States.  :id.  Main 
tiiu  diligent  and  fajtliful  practice,  remem- 
bering that  the  right  kind  uf  practice  makes 
perfect.  And,  finally,  learn  to  love  a  good 
hand-writing  for  the  life-h.ng  and  im- 
measurable beuffit  it  will  confer  upon  you. 

"Man  and  wife  are  all  one,  are  theyt" 
said  she.  "Yes;  what  of  itf"  said  he, sus- 
piciously. "  Why,  io  that  case,"  said  his 
wife,  "1  cauic  home  awfully  tipsy  last 
night,  and  feel  terribly  ashamed  of  myself 
this  morning."    He  never  saJd  a  word. 


The  cut  below  is  photo -engraved  as  a  spec- 
imen-page of  a  work,  entitled,  the  Universal 
rniman,  engraved  and  published  by  George 
Bickhan,  in  London,  in  the  year  IT.'JS.  The 
w<»rk  which  is  a  rare  one,  both  as  respects 
its  quality  and  extent,  consists  of  212,  14^ 
X  10  inch,  plates  finely  engraved  on  cop- 
per, acd  in  its  "  day  and  generation  "  most 
have  been  a  genuine  treasure,  not  alone  to 
professional  knight?- of- the -quill  but  to  all 
admirers  of  the  "  beautiful  art."  These 
were  the  days  of  which  Byron  sang : 


It  gift— my  grny-nooso-fnull '. 


The  work  covers  the  entire  range  of  the 
penman's  art,  as  represented  in  the  design  and 
work  of  twenty-nine  of  the  leading  contem- 
porary English  writing  mastere  and  pen 
artists.  We  believe  that  no  other  work 
upon  the  art  of  penmanship  of  equal  mag- 
nitude has  ever  been  published.  Copies  in 
this  country  are  very  rare,  and  when  sold, 
command  a  price  ranging  from  $15  to  $30. 


General      Remarks,      Preceding 
Programme  "  C." 
Hv  C.  H.  Pf.iiu  K. 

The  daily  programme  as  given  in  the 
September  number  of  the  JouUNAL  will, 
with  slight  modifications,  serve  the  purpose 
of  anyone  striving  to  improve — either  by 
his  own  efforts,  or  with  that  of  a  teacher,  or 
both.  The  average  student  will  tire  with 
any  class  of  work  in  one  hour,  and  an  op- 
portunity .should  be  given  whereby  a  differ- 
ent set  of  muscles  can  be  brought  into  re- 
quisition. The  progmmme  method  dis- 
tinctly points  out  each  class-work,  and  their 
remains  but  a  wise  application  of  the  same 
to  render  the  most  effective  results. 

The  whole  field  of  penmanship  should  be 
canvassed,  that  the  student  may  the  more 
readily  understand  the  object  aimed  at,  and 
thereby  practice  with  the  greatest  intelli- 
gence. We  have  frequently  said  that  intel- 
ligent practice  is  the  only  sure  guide;  there- 
fore, let  everything  conduce  to  this  end,  with 
the  hope  of  creating  a  love  for  the  work — 
a  love  that  must  be  established  ere  we  may 
look  for  anything  beyond  ordinary. 

The  outlining  of  auy  topic  is  essential  to 
a  thorough  understnndiug  and  presentation 
of  the  same.  That  this  is  met  in  the  pro- 
gramme plan,  no  one  can  deny.      Let  all 


amateurs  justly  consider  Ihc  same  and  profit 
by  those  who  have  wjiated  half  a  life-time 
in  scribbling  and  scrawling,  vainly  en- 
deavoring to  acquire  that  which,  with  fair 
intelligence  and  far  less  practice,  could  be 
gained  in  one-fourth  the  time. 

How  to  practice : — After  faithful  practice 
for  one  hour,  sny  at  whole-arm  tracing  exer- 
cises, rest  about  five  minutes  by  sitting  back 
in  your  seat  and  changing  position  generally. 
Lock  the  fingers  ttJgether  and  bend  the  hands 
from  you  (palm  out).  Next  press  each  hand 
with  the  otler,  and  if  necessary  leave  the 
desk  and  practice  calisthenics.  Tlie  second 
hour,  practice  upon  figures  in  prograniine 
"  A,''  under  special  directions  from  teacher. 

Ninety-nine  out  of  every  hundred  of  the 
human  race  must,  if  they  would  consult 
their  best  interests,  Itave  competent  teacJiers. 

Some  one  will  Hy  off  on  a  tangent  and  say, 
"  I  can  make  figures  well  enough,  aud  1 
wish  to  learn  to  write."  Not  so  fast,  yoimg 
man.  Let  me  whisper  in  your  ear,  that  the 
poor  results  in  writing  of  to-day  are  mainly 
owing  to  an  imperfect  conception  of  figures. 
Upon  the  other  hand,  good  writing  always 
follows  good  figures.  Stay  by  them  and  the 
day  will  soon  dawn  with  victory. 

The  third  hour,  practice  tracing- exercises 
— programme  "  C." — For  beginners,  repeat 
this  course  from  Jay  to  day,  advancing  in 


each  programme,  as  the  ability  of  the  student 
will  allow.  From  one  to  three  weeks  will  be 
consumed  in  learning  the  detailed  plan  and  in 
getting  thoroughly  started  to  earnest  work. 
There  is  more  in  having  the  beginners  know 
how  lo  work,  to  become  interested  to  practice 
intelligently,  thau  in  anythine  else.  To  leani 
how  to  write  shonld  be  a  foreign  question  to 
beginners. 

A  free,  firm,  fearless  movement  must  be 
established  in  order  to  insure  a  good  busi- 
ness handwriting  or  produce  a  professional 
penman.  . 

The  cause  of  so  much  weak,  flimpsy,  in- 
sipid, characterless  writing  is  because  the 
attempts  to  learu  arc  direct  rather  than  in- 
direct. Experiments  have  shown  that  to 
learn  to  write  by  ignoring  certain  move- 
meuts  will  always  prove  fruitless.  To  be- 
gin tbo  study  of  music  by  attempting  to 
play  or  sing  "  Home,  Sweet  Home,"  is  a  fair 
example  of  the  beginnings  of  all  the  fail- 
ures in  writing.  But,  if  all  the  experienced 
teachers  of  penmanship  in  the  united  world 
should  sign  a  death-warrant  to  this  effect, 
and  have  it  published  in  the  Art  Journal 
until  1900,  the  busy  world  would  still,  in 
part,  keep  the  old  groove,  and  death  would 
be  the  only  thing  that  would  break  the  spell. 
In  view  of  this  fact,  the  people  at  large  will 
ever  stand  in  need  of  live,  energetic  and 
competent  instructors  in  all  lines  of  busi- 
ness, and  it  remains  for  the  teachers  of  this 
chosen  profession  to  instruct  as  this  age  de- 
mands, and  not  expect,  to  be  in  the  front 
rank  orhope  to  succeed  without  taking  every 
advantage  of  the  living  present. 
{To  be  continued.) 


The  Teacher's  Aim. 

By  E.  M.  HuNTSiNGiilt. 

The  teacher  of  writing  cannot  set  bis 
mark  too  high  in  regard  to  the  teaching  of 
the  principles  and  established  facts  which 
underlie  good  ■writing  j  and  which  will  from 
the  start  render  the  pupil's  writing  more 
easy,  and  continue  to  improve  it  after  he  is 
deprived  of  the  teacher's  help.  Is  not  this 
the  paramount  object  of  every  writing  reci- 
tation under  the  direction  of  a  successful 
teacher  t 

Are  not  all  worthy  institutions  striving 
earnestly  to  imbue  the  fundamental  princi- 
ples which  underlie  all  thorough  training  of 
the  mind,  and  to  awaken  the  pupil  to  a  con- 
sciousness of  to  how  small  a  degree  his 
abilities  have  been  developed,  and  how  much 
there  is  yet  for  him  to  learn. 

Such  disciplining,  for  the  mere  purpose  of 
displaying  on  state  occasions,  would  only 
tend  to  blunt  the  intellect  of  the  pupil,  aud  be 
productive  of  a  result  entirely  difierent  from 
that  desired  by  every  thoughtful  person. 

When  a  pupil  has  been  trained  philoso- 
phically, he  becomes  fully  conscious  that  he 
has  not  constructed  a  grand  and  noble  build- 
ing, which  will  bear  the  stern  realities  of 
time,  but  that  he  has  only  laid  a  firm  found- 
ation, upon  which,  if  he  will,  he  can  rear  a 
magnificent  edifice,  imperishable  both  to 
circumstances  and  time.  Such  a  structure 
would  do  tho  builder  and  humanity  in  com- 
mou,  great  good;  but  if  this  foundation  be 
left  at  the  stage  where  it  was  when  the  pu- 
pil left  school,  it  will  soon  become  valueless 
and  may  crumble  to  pieces.  Hence  the  train- 
ing should  be  systematic,  making  him  the 
best  possible  citizen,  morally,  intfllectually 
and  practically;  tlien  he  will  be  better  for 
himself  n  iw,  and  become  a  blessing  and 
benefit  to  humanity.  The  honorable  posi- 
tion the  teacher  of  writing  occupies  forces 
him  to  draw  a  stimulating  lesson  (nun  these 
facts.  Is  not  the  conscientious  teacher  will- 
ing to  instil  into  tlie  minds  of  his  pupils  these 
truths  which,  as  a  secret  motive  power,  fit 
the  pupil  more  thoroughly  for  a  successful 
business  career  ? 

What  a  satisfaction  to  know  that  we  have 
ourselves  uuder  such  absolute  control  that 
the  muscles  of  the  arm  dare  not  disobey 
the  will,  but,  however  reluctant,  must  pro- 
duce with  the  pen  the  picture  the  mind  has 
conceived. 
■   Is  not  this  exeeiitive  ability  one  of  the 


'<. 


^anf^A^m^i^<^xw4//na^in^^^€:i^^ 


r^u<z^,c7^^y 


y^ 


photo-tn!/ravcd,  ONE-HALF  tize,  from,  a  Diptoma,  got  up  for  ifa^a  Collegiate  Imtttute,  Napa,  Cal.,  and  is  f/iveii  as  a  specivien  of  Diplom 
■)as  executed  with  a  pen,  at  the  office  of  the  "Jomnial."     The  pfn-$hadvnrj  'ardttmd  the  UtUrlng  of  the  head  line  and  the  tintmy  in  the  panel  t 
the  word  Diploma  wan  done  with  our  patent  T  square.     Orders  for  similar  work  pro\ap(ly  filled. 


yliief  poiuts  in  which  thousands  of  our  eager 
(lublif-school  children  sadly  lack  trainiDg  ? 
Tliey  are  entirely  devoid  of  the  essentials  to 
gtmd  writing.  In  nearly  all  casestUe  pupils 
ill''  made  mere  imitators,  the  teacher  wiud- 
u\-  ihem  up  with  certain  routine  exercises, 
Stirling  off  at  hap-hazard,  at  all  degi-ees  of 
-I'l  ri],  all  kinds  of  positions  of  body,  arm 
Mill]  |ien,  and  whoever  gets  his  page  filled 
lii^t  jirides  himself  that  he  has  earned  fresh 
Luncls.  As  a  natural  consequence  of  time 
so  spent  by  thopupilsall  kinds  of  awkward, 
'luuyling,  imperfect  work  is  the  result. 

The  teacher's  ability  shines  through  the 
pupil's  Wfirk ;  and  ninety- nine  percent,  of 
what  people  generally  call  genius,  is  a  talent 
for  hard  work  j  and  the  drudgery  which  some 
irailiors  go  through  with,  in  making  their 
I'ltjiils  good  writers,  almost  staggers  belief. 

fhe  piipiVs  work  must  testify  of  the  sMIl 
iir  It) competency  of  the  teacJier. 

Obligations  to  the  Pen. 
Bv  Paul  Pastxok. 

ir  there  is  any  one  instrument  whose  use 

1^  ;i!>sidutely  uuivei-sal,  it  is  the  pen.     The 

)   'wer  of  employing  it  has  become  almost 

:iii  iuuiition.     A  child  who  cannot  write  its 

HIM-,  appending  some    appropriate   senti- 

'ii  from  the  copy-book,  is  looked  upon, 

u.i'iays,  as  a  candidate  for  heathenism. 
i  '  I  ybody — of  any  consequence — is  sup- 
I  '-nl  to  be  more  or  less  of  a  penman.  All 
■  l.i>s.s,  all  occupations,  all  degrees  of  ia- 
ii  IliLTcuce,  are  dependent  upon  it.  As  a 
1  I't .  we  are  under  greater  obligations  to  the 
}H  u  aud  itsinventor,  than  to  any  other  beiie- 
iit    ir  benefactor  the  world  has  ever  known. 

L't  us  enumerate  some  of  the  advantages 
v\  r  ,'QJoy  from  the  use  of  this  most  perfect 
.n,i!  yet  most  simple  instrument. 

First.  It  is  the  most  effective  medium  of 
|irr,^r.nal  intercourse.  People — and  phiHso- 
]'l"'s  too,  if  they  will — may  talk  aboot  the 
l-h'ssed  direotnesg  of  speech,  and  the  subtle 

:iiV;i.tliy  which  unites  speaker  and  listener, 


but  we — all  of  us — know  in  our  hearts  that 
we  can  unburden  ourselves  more  frankly, 
more  effectively,  and  witli  less  embarrass- 
ment and  blunder  with  a  good  smooth  pen 
on  fair  white  paper,  than  we  possibly  could 
with  our  stammering  and  deceptive  tongues 
face  to  face  !  I  would  be  willing  to  submit 
this  question  to  a  promiscuous  jury  of  my 
fellow  creatures,  aud  rest  the  case  with  them 
in  perfect  confidence,  without  the  advancing 
of  a  single  argument. 

Second.  It  is  an  instrument  absolutely  in- 
dispensable in  all  kinds  of  business.  There 
is  no  enlightened  form  of  human  activity 
that  does  not,  to  a  greater  or  less  extent, 
employ  writing.  Some  kinds  of  mercantile 
business  are  based  entirely  upon  it ;  these  de- 
pend for  their  very  existence  and  order  upon 
their  records.  If  these  were  lost,  they  lose 
with  them  the  very  clue  to  success.  The 
whole  structure,  built  for  years  with  wisest 
and  most  assiduous  care,  must  collapse,  and 
a  new  business  be  built  up  upon  its  ruins. 
The  first  element  of  a  business  education  is 
penmansliip.  That  well  learned,  a  founda- 
tion is  laid  for  all  that  is  to  follow.  There 
is  a  certain  orderliness  and  facility  gained  by 
the  acquirement  of  a  good  business  hand, 
which  goes  far  towards  making  a  young  man 
skillful  in  his  vocation.  Indeed,  it  may  be 
said  to  require  a  certain  degree  of  culture  to 
bo  a  good  penman.  No  illiterate  or  coarse- 
grained man  can  write  a  fair  aud  graceful 
hand.  So  good  penmanship  is  well  chosen 
fts  the  test  of  business  tact  and  proficiency. 
Employers  desire  to  have  those  in  search  of 
a  situation,  apply  in  their  own  handwriting. 
(So  far,  at  least,  by  practical  men,  is  pen- 
manship regarded  as  an  expression  of  charac- 
ter.) Learn  to  write  welt,  and  yon  will  find 
that  you  have  attained  in  so  doing  a  far  bet- 
ter equipment  for  business  than  if  you  had 
abstract  study  of  the  science  of 
or  trade.  You  have  been  gaining 
a  larger  culture  than  you  know;  you  are 
solid  at  the  foundation,  and  can  go  on  to 
build  fl8  higU  fla  you  please,    Vou  little  re- 


alize how  much  you  owe  to  the  little  bit  of 
cloven  steel  which  has  been  so  familiar  to 
your  touch  for  so  long;  but  by-and-by  you 
will  begin  to  appreciate  its  value,  and  that 
appreciation  wUl  increase  with  added  years 
and  experience. 

TJiird.  The  pen  is  a  source  of  great  per- 
sonal enjoyment  and  profit  to  him  who  truly 
loves  it.  One  great  spur — perhaps  the 
greatest — to  the  genius  of  an  artist  or  a 
poet  is  the  delight  and  exaltation  of  spirit 
which  he  enjoys  in  ctmtemplation  of  what 
be  has  created.  This  same  spirit  is  present 
to  every  true  penman  j  for  lie  also  is  an 
artist,  and  deals  with  relations  of  beauty  and 
order  fit  to  enchant  the  faithful  toiler,  and 
reward  him  at  last  with  the  full  contempla- 
tion of  his  ideal.  And  unt  enjoyment  mere- 
ly does  he  gain  from  his  utve  of  the  pen.  It 
brings  him  rich  aud  full  returns  of  practical 
benefit.  The  artist  is  rich  not  imly  in  the 
joy  of  having  created  a  beautiful  picture ;  its 
value  can  be  expressedalso  in  terms  of  dollars 
and  cents.  Ho  oivns — because  he  hnshought 
by  faithful  labor — he  owns  skill,  and  that  is- 
the  most  saleable  commodity  in  the  world. 
So  with  the  penman.  He  may  delight  in  the 
product  of  his  skill  as  a  personal  achieve- 
ment, but  ho  is  also  permitted  to  enjoy  the 
reflectkin  that  it  is  of  value  to  his  fellow 
creatures ;  that  ho  has  made  a  place  for  him- 
self in  the  world  of  activity  and  usefulness, 
and  that  henceforth  his  company  is  better 
than  his  room.  In  fact,  there  is  no  talent 
to-day  which  pays  better  to  cultivate  than  a 
taste  for  penmanship.  The  age  is  distinct- 
ively a  business  age,  and  penmanship  lies  at 
the  very  doors  of  commercial  success.  The 
great  majority  of  young  men  begin  their 
career  without  capital ;  they  work  their  way 
up.  To  such  let  me  say,  good  penmanship 
is  the  7iext  best  thing  to  abundant  capital — 
iu  fact,  I  do  not  know  but  what,  in  the 
long  run,  it  is  a  better  thing.  At  all  events, 
it  must  be  your  passport  to  success.  It  is 
an  '*  Open  sesaniel"  to  almost  any  count- 
ing-room, and  afterward^  &  goldeo  ladder 


that  leads  you  back  to  airy  leisure  again, 
with  your  pockets  and  your  hands  full  of 

I  have  been  much  interested  in  reading 
an  autograph  pamphlet,  lately  issued  by  a 
well  known  Commercial  College,  in  which 
graduate -pupils  of  the  same  write  hack  to 
theii- -<iZ7tta  Matei;  from  the  various  places 
of  responsibility  and  trust  which  she  has 
enabled  them  to  obtain.  How  readily  they 
gain  employment,  and  in  what  pleasant 
places  their  lines  are  cast !  From  well  known 
business  houses,  from  banks,  and  schools, 
and  public  offices,  they  write,  and  even  the 
stereotyped  page  seems  to  glow  with  the 
gratitude  and  enthusiasm  of  youth.  It  is 
but  a  year — or,  perhaps,  even  less — since 
they  graduated,  and  yet  already  they  are  far 
along  on  the  highway  of  success !  What 
other  educational  enterprise  can  send  out 
such  a  Salutatory  as  that  to  its  alumni  and 
patrons?  While  the  graduates  of  classical 
institutions  are  disentangling  themselves 
from  the  webs  of  antiquity,  these  free-limbed 
youth  are  bounding  forward  toward  the 
goal  of  their  hopes.  Ah  !  give  me  to  choose 
between  a  pile  of  musty  obsoletes  as  high  as 
Caucasus,  and  a  nib  of  steel  with  teu  drops 
of  ink,  aud  Iwoulde'enburrowmy  way  down 
through  the  former,  if  there  wore  no  other 
way  to  reach  the  latter !  At  all  events,  I 
would  become  possessed  of  the  pen  and  ink, 
and  rid  of  the  classics !  The  world  owes 
more,  1  fancy,  to  Joseph  Gillott  and  Ester- 
brook  than  she  ever  did,  or  will,  to  Socrates 
and  the  Seven  Wise  Men  of  Greece. 

But  let  us  remember — there  is  no  success, 
under  the  m()st  favorable  auspices,  without 
work.  Much  as  we  owe  to  the  pen,  we  must 
owe  something  to  owselves,  or  we  shall 
never  succeed. 

loried,  '■  WhfttaglarioiulLiojtitmuBt  lie 


Au<l  Ibe  hand.sliaktDg  going  sboul, 

''  Befbro  you  oan  bo  In  a  ablp  oomlog  tn, 

Yuu  maittn  lo  ft  lUp  goUif  outl  '■ 


Piil>li~h«d  Monlhly  111  »1  I.<-f  Ynai-. 


ADVERTISING   RATES. 

8;njilK  iOMniim,  25  c«nt.  j-tr  U..»  ii.iMi«f.-il 
I  Mlumn »sV'    iiVm      11110.110      fl^flO 

i    ;;     m.i     30.00      m.oo      w.m 

LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 

Wo  hiii»«'  III  randPf  lli«  JOUilHAI.  •ufllrienlly  interert- 
ti>ir  And  ntrmollTe  tn  MPitn,  nul  only  the  (mtruniur"  ot 
nil  H111M  who  nm  InlcrMliol  in  nklliriil  nrrilinir  <>r  tmiflliiiiir, 

PREMIUMS: 

"  PloiirinliM  r.aft\K."' 24x32:  '"■ThflCenlenninl  i'loture  of 
ProirreM,"  *J2rJfl;  or  ■■  Tlir  Timinding  Sing,"  34*32.   For 


mil  rt  y,*.  will  f»n 
lUIn,;  WHil«f,.r( 
.  noil  r  we  will 
ud'a  Oulrla" ;  roti 
milworiptiona  and  112  n 


"  WUltuqii 

ot  "  Amni'a  CompeDdliim  of  Oni 
FricotS. 
For  Iwolre  iiniDM  ni 

forts.' 


mull  the  JnuK 


inrd'H  Gems  of  Penmaosbiji  "; 

TO  CLUBS: 

lAL  premium  to  the  wnder. 
one  year,  tvilh  n  clioloe  fnim  I 


aoo^e... 


CJKNCY. 


UXmv 


New  York,  April,  1882. 


Practical  Wnting-Iessons. 

Bv  I'ltMi-,  1Iim;v  c   Sfi:N.i:K 


to  the  readers  of  the  Jouknal  llie 
jiRM.ut  nf  Pruf.  H.  C.  Spouyer,  uf  WhsIi- 
iitHtuu,  D.  C,  tu  favui-  tlio  readers  uf 
ttio  JoiiKNAL,  with  11  course  of  iuslruc- 
tidii  iu  jjrnclicHl  writing  through  it« 
t'ulmiius.  The  iinpurlauoo  and  value  to  the 
imblic  of  suiih  a  course  iis  Prof.  Spencer  will 
give,  emhuilyiiig  as  it  will,  his  ripe  ejcpor- 
ioui*,  both  H8  an  author  aud  praetital  in- 
Btnit'tor,  iu  the  presentaiion,  of  the  best  style 
ot  standard  copies  and  the  most  approved 
methods  of  imparting  iuBtruction  through  so 
wide  aud  far  n>aching  a  medium  as  the 
Journal,  can  he  Pwircely  appreciated  and 
onuuot  be  over-estimated.  To  the  teacher 
these  lessons  will  be  at  once  a  guide  and  ex- 
ample to  tho  best  forms  iu  writing  and  tliq 
nuwt  sncccssful  method  of  toacliiug.  To  tlie 
learner,  whether  striving  at  home  or  under 
the  guidance  of  a  teauhcr,  they  will  bo  iin 
iuspimtiou  and  aid  seareoly  to  be  found  else- 
where. Probably  uo  author  or  iustrtietor  of 
writing  in  America  has,  during  several  years 
past,  held  a  more  oon^picunus  or  enviable 
position  than  has  Pn.f.  H.  C.  Spencer. 
Under  his  supervisim,  the  Spencerian  Buei- 
noss    College   at  Wttshingion    ha*    become 

juflUy  feiued,  whUe  his  fwqueoi  appearauce 


lief.ire  the  leading  educational  asscinblir-s  of 
the  Iitnil,asa  tcm-herandlcctiirerupou  writ- 
ing aud  other  educational  subjects,  has 
brought  him  int^i  nalional  repute.  Closely 
iu«(^>ciatcd  with  him  lu  hit  work  of  author 
ship  have  been  his  four  brothers,  all  of  whom 
are  known  as  skilled  penmen  and  experienced 

The  value  of  riu-Ii  a  course  of  lessons  can- 


t  be  I. 


ured  in  ilollurs  aud  c 


id  if 


attempted,  the  paltry  sum  of  $  I  .liO,  the  cost 
to  tho  readers  of  the  Jouknal,  would  bo  as 
a  grain  of  wheat  to  the  bushel,  and  we  are 
certain  that,  were  the  advantages  known  and 
properly  appreciated  by  all  the  bad-  writers 
and  uuskillful  teachers  uf  tho  an,  a  million 
«<ipie8  of  the  Joiiknal  would  uot  suffice  to 
meet  tiic  demand ;  Hud  we  also  believe  that 
our  luosout  subscribers  cannot  engage  in  a 
more  laudable  missionary  work,  than  to  call 
the  alteiilion  of  their  neighbors  and  friends 
to  the  J(h;knal  and  invite  their  subscription. 
While  the  lessons  by  Prof.  Spencer  will 
be  of  the  highest  order  aud  value  to  practi- 
cal writers,  no  pains  or  expense  will  be 
spared  to  render  the  Journal  ef|ually  val- 
uable and  attractive,  as  an  exponent  of  or- 
namental and  artistic  penmanship.  Each 
number  will  couttiin  sovtr.il  meritcrions  spec- 
imens of  artist^*  pen-work,  ciirofully  pre- 
pared editorials  aud  articles  from  experienced 
writers  upon  the  various  departments  of  the 
penman's  work  and  art;  also  a  choice  mis- 
cellany pcriaining  to  education,  art,  science, 
literature,  humor,  and  other  matters  of  gen- 
eral interest.  Judging  by  its  patrons,  the 
Journal  can  no  longer  be  styled  a  class 
paper,  for  upon  its  subscription  list  are  the 
names  of  persons  in  almost  every  profession 
and  occupation.  It  will  be  of  general  in- 
terest to  everybody  who  can  read  the  Eng- 
lish language,  and  of  special  interest  to  every 
one  who  can  write.  Now  is  the  time  to 
subscribe,  and  begin  with  the  year  or  with 
the  now  course  of  lessons  in  the  May 
number. 

The  King  Club 
For  this  mouth  comes  from  Mr.  W.  H. 
Patrick,  teaclier  of  penmanship  at  Sadler's 
It.  and  S.  Business  Cdlege,  Baltimore,  Md., 
und  numbers  otte  hundred  and  eleven,  and 
is  the  largcat  single  club  ever  received  from 
any  Business  C-dlege.  Wo  have  long  re- 
garded Mr.  Patrick  as  among  the  finest 
writers  iu  the  country  ;  we  must  now  cou- 
^i<ler  him  as  a  teacher  whose  skill  and  suc- 
cess is  commensurate  with  h's  rare  acctim- 
plishment  as  an  artistic  writer;  for,  as  we 
have  repeatedly  urged  through  these 
coluiiia,  it  is  only  good  tewchiug  that  iu- 
s|)ires  the  pupil  with  an  euthusiasm  in  his 
work,  aud  leads  him  to  seek  every  available 
aid  for  advancement.  The  teacher  of  writ- 
ing who  tells  us  that  his  pupils  lake  no  in- 
terest in  a  penmiiu's  paper,  confesses  to 
his  own  inability  aud  unfitness  as  an  in- 
structor in  the  art. 

A  good  esprit  dtt  corps  is  necessary  to 
good  class  work,  and  must  be  secured  byin- 
leresliui;  and  efficient  iuslruciiou,  and  then 
wliatever  is  of  value,  or  is  an  aid  t.j  progress, 
will  not  tmly  be  readily  received,  but  eagerly 
sought.  Under  such  circumstances,  a  large 
nnijority  of  a  writing  clats  will  desire  to  be- 
come subscribers  to  the  Journal,  when  its 
cimrafaeris  made  known  to  them.  In  many 
iusiuucis  entire  classes  have  subscribed. 

"  A   tree    is    known  by  its  fruit." 

Tho  second  largest  club  numbers  tuscnty- 
s€\>m,  andcomtw  from  N.  A.  Clay,  Telegraph 
Operator,  Shanes  Crossing,  Ohio.  Mr.  Clay 
writes  air  unccuiimonly  good  band,  and  evi- 
dently apprpciates  good  writing,  and  the 
JouitNAL,  ns  a  means  Uir  its  encouragement. 
Mr.  Chiy  has  our  thanks  for  bis  successful 
eflV.rts  iu  bflialf  of  the  Journal. 

The  third  largest  dub  comes  from  A.  L. 
Wyman,  «f  Kaihbnu's  Great  Western 
Btieiness  College,  Oiimba,  Neb.,  aud  num- 
bers tiventt/  four. 


At  a  recent  school 
a  coal  iltaler  wiui  asked  hnw  many  pounds 
ihert5  were  iu  «  \w.  He  iiilssed.— ^At'to- 
dclphia  H^ms, 


Rapid   Increase  of  Subscriptions. 

Since  the  first  of  January,  about  three 
months,  wlmost  three  thousatid  new  subscrip- 
tions have  been  received  for  the  JouUNAL, 
and  during  the  next  month  we  anticipate  a 
larger  number  than  lias  boon  received  during 


any  i 


onth  £ 


}pu 


Standard   Practical   Penmanship. 

This   Work,  prepared  for  the   Journal 
by  the  Spencer   brothers,  is  meeting  with 
an    unprecedented   demand,  and   is  giving 
entire  satisfaction.    It  certainly  meets  more 
fully  the   requirements   for  Bolf-instructiou 
than    any    work    now   before   the    public, 
besides  a  systematically  arranged  eoureo  of 
sixteen  lensons,  with  a  guide  of  fifteen  pages. 
There  are  twenty-five  supplementary  shoots, 
of  which  the  following  is  an  index  : 
Page  13 — Article  of  Agreement. 
•■      14— BilUfPurchaBes. 
"      15 — Business  Letter. 
■'      1(J— Cash-book. 
"      17 — Single-entry  Day-book. 
ItJ- -Double-entry  Ledger. 
11) — Journal  Diiy-bnok. 
•'      aO— Receipt  and  Promissory  Note. 
'■      yi—BuBineBfl  Capitalu. 

'■li — Spencer      Brothers'    Abbreviated 

'23 — Variety  of  Capitals. 
"      24— Superscription  fur  Letters. 
.  "      !i5 — IJnnk-check. 
"      2(i— l-Vee  Whole-arm  Capitals. 
■'      27—    " 

■*      'irf — Pac-siniile  and  other  Signatures 
"      ay- Keceipt  in  Full. 
"      30— Demaii.l  Note. 
"      31— ProniisBory  Merchan.Mse  Nute. 
'■      ;12— Negotiable  Notes. 
"      :);) — Ledger  Headiugs. 
"      34— Poetic  Style. 

35 — Marking  Siyle. 

3U — Kuman,  Old  English  and  German 


37— Let 


Find 


Kuinitiig-hand. 
Mailed    to    an;    Hddress    for    one    d< 
Special  rates  in  quantities  to  teachers- 


Were  we  "Unaccommodating"? 

As  our  readers  are  aware,  we  publish  in 
these  columns  a  list  of  articles  commonly 
used  by  peiunen  and  artists, which  articles  we 
promise  to  forward  by  mail  on  receipt  of  the 
price  named ;  and  we  also  distinctly  state 
that  orders  unaccompanied  with  the  cash 
will  not  be  filled.  But  we  are  daily  in  re- 
ceipt of  orders  from  straugors  aud  others, 
stating  that  rennttanoe  will  be  made  on  re- 
ceipt of  goods  ordered.  It  is  very  unpleasant 
for  us  to  decline  to  fill  such  orders,  yet  ex- 
perience has  taught  us  that  to  do  otherwise 
is  hazardous,  aud  we  positively  prefer  not  to 
sell  on  any  other  terms.  Now  what  we  wish  to 
here  determine,  is,  whether  or  not  it  is  rea- 
sonable and  right  that  we  should  demand 
cash  with  the  order.  We  are  led  to  thus  con- 
sider this  matter  from  several  instances  in 
which  bad  feeliug  has  been  expressed  by 
parties  because  of  our  having  declined  to 
fill  unpaid  ordera.  An  example  of  which, 
WHS  an  order  lately  received  for  nieichundiso 
to  be  sent  by  mail,  amounting  to  $1..'50,  by 
an  unknown  firm  in  Miss.,  who  insteml  of 
sending  the  stated  amount  of  cash  with  tho 
order,  gave  references  to  publishers  in  this 
city.  Upon  our  writing  that  go<tds  would 
bo  sent  on  receipt  of  cash,  we  received  a 
reply  declining  to  remit,  but  upbraiding  us 
for  our  *•'  exwedingly  nnaccoinunodating  na- 
ture," and  giving  notice  that  in  the  future 
their  orders  wouhl  be  sent  to  parties  who 
will  better  ajipreciate  their  trade,  which  of 
course  is  their  privilege.  But  do  the  terms 
we  impose  justify  the  charge  of  our  being 
"  unaccommodating  "  or  even  unbusiucsa- 
Uke — that  is  the  question. 

FiM(— It  is  the  unquestionable  right  of 
every  seller  to  name  his  terms ;  the  buyer 
may  accept  or  decline.  The  seller  having 
named  his  terms,  the  buyer  has  not  the  right 
to  presume  upon  anything  difierent. 

Second— Is  it  unaccommodatiug  on  the 
part  of  a  seller  to  dwUny  u>  du  that  wbicb 


be  has  expressly  stated,  in  advance,  he  will 
not  do  7  Bat,  suppose  parties  name  good 
references,  and  request  credit  for  tho 
'sum  of  $1.50,  have  they  tho  right 
or  is  it  proper  for  thorn  to  ask  the 
seller  to  consume  time  and  postage  to  look 
up  references,  and  open  an  account 
with  them  for  *1..V),  upon  which  there 
may  be  a  profit,  if  paid,  of  25  cents.  We 
claim  that  a  purchaser  who  presumes  imder 
such  ciroimistances  to  ask  inerchaudiso  to 
bo  forwarded  by  mail,  is  fairly  open 
to  euspieiou  of  being  verdant  or  knavish. 
"But,"  says  one,  "is  it  not  aa  fair 
for  you  to  trust  mo  with  your  merchan- 
dise, as  it  is  for  me  to  trust  you  with 
my  cash  t  How  do  I  know  that  you  will 
send  tlie  merchandise  when  you  got  the 
money?"  This  Ui  many,  no  doubt,  is  plaus- 
ible- To  this  we  answer.  Ist.  You  are 
under  no  sort  of  obligation  to  send  us  your 
money,  and  so  long  as  you  have  the  slight- 
est doubt  respecting  our  integrity,  don't  do 
it.  2d.  It  is  easier  for  each  of  our  patrons 
to  ascertain  respecting  our  st;iuding,  than  it 
is  for  us  to  learn  respecting  that  of  the  mul- 
titude of  strangers  who,  from  all  parts  of 
America,  daily  order  merchaudise  from  us; 
besides,  it  is  practicable  for  all  to  learn  re- 
specting us — while  iu  many  instances  our- 
patrons  are  so  little  known  in  business  circles 
as  to  render  it  iinpracticalbe  for  us  to  gain 
satisfactory  informr.tion  respecting  them,  es- 
pecially concerning  very  young  persons,  who 
constitute  a  considerable  portion  of  our  pat- 
rons, aud  who  have  not  yet  made  a  business 
reputation  by  which  they  can  be  known  or 
entitled  t<i  the  confidence  of  strangers. 

Experience  1ms  taught  us  as  it  has  others, 
that  to  mail  merchandise  to  all  applicants 
on  a  promise  to  remit  on  its  receipt,  sub- 
jects the  seller  to  a  loss  whii'h  is  utterly 
ruinous,  and  has  shown  tho  neces.«ity  of  the 
rule  of  the  seller,  that  cash  must  accompany 
the  order.  This,  for  the  foregoing  reasons, 
we  believe  to  be  right,  it  is,  certainly,  the 
most  convenient  aud  economical,  as  it  saves 
correspondence  and  postage,  to  say  nothing 
of  buok-keeping- 

Wo  trust  that  iu  future  all  persons  ordering, 
fnmi  us,  merchandise  to  bo  sent  by  mail  or 
express,  except  C.  0.  D.,  will  save  us  from 
the  disagreeable  duty  of  declining  to  fill 
their  orders,  unless  said  ordeis  are  accom- 
panied with  the  cash. 

Subscribe  now  fbr  tho  Journal,  aud  be- 
gin with  the  course  of  lessons  iu  practical 
writing  by  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer. 

Every  teacher  and  pupil  of  writing  iu  tho 
country  should  subscribe;  remember  that 
Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer  who  will  prepare  the 
instruction,  and  Lyman  P.  who  will  assist  iu 
the  illustrations,  are  teachers  of  teachers  in 
practical  as  well  as  artistic  writing,  and  that 
such  a  course  of  lessons  as  they  will  give, 
would  be  cheap  at  twenty  fold  tho  cost  of  a 
subscription  to  say  nothing  of  our  premiums 
and  other  valuable  matter  pertaining  to  tho 
art  and  profession  of  penmanship. 


Educational  Clubs. 

The  special  class  organized  by  tho  tran- 
sient teacher,  conducted  for  a  few  weeks, 
and  then  disbanded  at  his  bidding  or  by  rea- 
son of  his  departure,  is  of  time  honored 
prestige. 

That  a  tetter  order  of  organization  is 
destined  to  supersede  tho  old  seems  immi- 
nent and  proper. 

College  clubs  or  societies  do  not  disband, 
although  founded  generations  ago.  The  or- 
ganization and  perpetuation  of  educational 
clubs  by  the  masses  outside  of  colleges 
should  he  accomplished. 

Educational,  literary,  business  and  chiro- 
graphic clubs,  organized  with  liberal  mem- 
bership, can,  at  small  cost  to  individual 
members,  engage  the  very  best  practical  in- 
structors. A  good  moral  cliaracter,  and  the 
desire  to  acquire  knowledge,  should  be  the 
only  rocpiisile  for  eligibility  to  monibership 
iu  the  club.  Fourteen  should  not  be  con- 
sidered too  young,  aof  Ijfly  years  Uioold,  fgr 
active  membership. 


lu  organiziot;  a  chirographic  educational 
-lull,  a  Prerident,  Vi«e-PresiJeul,  aud  Sec- 
rrtary  should  he  elected  ;  proper  committees 
iTi-atcd,  and  the  deliberations  of  the  club 
iMEidncted  under  parliamentary  rules- 

Hi-ports  of  the  organi;;atioo  aud  pn)gre8S 
'hirographic  clubs  will  be  welcomed  by 
mk-  douBKAL  and  its  readers  at  all  times. 

We  trust  that  our  readers  will  bear  iu 
mind  that  in  the  next  number  of  the  Jour- 
nal will  appear  the  first  of  a  series  of 
twelve  k'saous  on  practical  penmanship  by 
Prof.  Heury  C.  Spencer,  of  Washiogton, 
D.  C. 

Yuu  may  tell  all  your  friends,  and  ask 
them  to  tell  their  frieods  that  if  they  will 
accept  fifty  dollars  worth  of  instruction  in 
writing  aud  a  few  dollars  worth  ttf  hand- 
Bome  premiums  in  consideration  of  one 
dollar  for  a  year's  subscription  to  this  paper, 
they  sliall  have  their  names  put  upon  our 
lists  at  once. 

The  Convention. 

In  another  column  of  the  Journal  is  a 
conirnuuicatiou  from  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee of  the  Penmen's  Educator's  Associa- 
tion, urging  the  necessity  of  energetic  efiforts 
for  a  M'ide-awako  and 


Obituary. 

We  learn  through  E.  J.  I 
charge  of  the  Columbus,  0.,  Bu 
lege,  of  the  death  of  X,  I.  June 
won  an  enviable  reputation  as  s 
commercial  branches.  Mr.  Dut 
dat«  of  March  1 1 ,  says  : 


I,  who  had 
teacher  of 


>  havi 


you  the  Bad  news  i.f  Prof.  N.  I.  Jones's  death, 
which  occurred  this  week.  We  min^  tiim  sadly, 
as  he  was  a  young  man  of  8l«-r1iug  qualities, 
both  as  a  gentleman  and  a.  teacher. 

"I  send  you  the  resoliuioue  drawn  up  by  his 
pupils  for  publication.  You  will  please  pub- 
lish them  iu  the  PENMAN'S  JOURNAL,  for  I 
know  such  u  worthy  peumau  and  gentleman 
will  he  missed  by  all  who  knew  him. 
RESOLUTIONS. 

Whereas.  It  has  pleased  Almighty  God 
to  remove  from  our  midst,  Professor  N.  I. 
Jones,  our  beloved  and  esteemed  teacher  and 
one  of  our  principals,  in  the  bloom  of  his  man- 
hood ;  aud, 

WherkaS,  We,  the  sludents  of  Columbus 
Businesa  College,  deem  it  our  duly  and  saci-ed 
privilege  lo  express  our  sorrow  tor  his  lose  and 
our  due  appreciation  of  his  worth;  therefore, 

liesotvcd.  That  his  death  has  deprived  the 
College  of  a  worthy  and  valuable  instructor, 
wliose  career  as  a  penman  could  not  be  eur- 
"n  ihe  West  ; 


in  legislation.  The  author  proposes  a  drastic, 
yet  entirely  practicable,  remedy  for  these  and 
all  other  cvib  prevalent  iu  Utah.  Au  article 
enljtled  "Why  they  come,"  by  Edward  Self, 
is  devotftd  to  the  consideration  of  the  many 
important  questions  connected  with  Euro- 
pean immigration  to  this  country.  Dr. 
Henry  A.  Martin,  replying  to  a  recent  article 
by  Henry  Bergh,  defends  the  practice"  of 
vaccination,  citing  olticial  statistics  to  prove 
the  effiea<-y  of  bovine  virus  as  a  prophylactic 
against  the  scourge  of  small-pox.  E.  L. 
Godkin  has  an  article  on  "  The  Civil  Service 
Reform  Controversy ;  "  Senator  Kiddleberger 
on  *'  Bourbonism  in  Virgiuia";  and  General 
Albert  Ordway  on  "A  National  Militia." 
Finally,  there  is  a  paper  <d'  extraordinary 
interest  ou  the  "Exploration  of  the  Ruined 
Cities  of  Central  America."  The  author,  Mr. 
Charnoy,  has  discovered  certain  monuments 
which  conclusively  prove  the  comparative 
receutness  of  those  vast  remains  of  a  lost 
civilization.  The  Review  is  published  at  30 
Lafayette-place,  New  York,  and  is  sold  by 
booksellers  aud  newsdealers  generally. 

Frank  Leslie's  Popular  Monthly.— The 
April  number  especially  commends  itself,  for 
it  abounds  with  literature  of  a  more  than 
usual  varied,  iuteresting  and  instructive  char- 


of  business  teachers 
and  penmen  at  the  (  m 
vontion  in  June  aud 
also  statmg  that  ample 
provisions  are  bting 
made  for  their  accom 
modation  while  in  at 
tendance,  and  what  is 
of  interest  to  penmen, 
and  a  feature  which 
they  should  utilise  to 
the  fullest  exteut  is 
the  promised  piovisi  m 
of  ample  accoinmo 
dations  for  displaying 
the  practical  results 
of  the  penman's  art, 
by  exhibitiug  artistic 
specimens  of  pen- 
work,  on  methods  for, 
and  tlie  results  of 
school-work.  Penmen 
ahouhl  move  promptly 
aud  earnestly  iu  this 
work.  The  Committee 
are  working  vigorous- 
ly, arranging  the  pro- 
jjramme  for  proceed- 
ings, and  tberefoi,  so- 
licit- an  immediate 
statement  from  all,  either 


most  attractive  and  useful  numbers  yet 
issued.  It  is  replete  with  valuable  designs 
for  household  art.  Its  designs  for  screen 
panel,  Easter  decoration,  and  fans  are  unifjuo, 
and  will  be  highly  prized  by  all  admirers 
and  patrons  of  household  art.  It  is  pub- 
lished monthly  by  Montague  Marhs,  2S 
Union  Square,  New  York,  for  $4.(K)  per 
year ;   siugle  copies,  35  cents. 

LippincotVs  Magazine  for  April  is  among 
the  most  interesting  and  valuable  of  our  ex- 
changes. Published  by  J.  B.  Lippinoott  & 
Co..  715  aud  717  Market  St.,  Philadelphia, 
for  $3.00  per  year ;  siuLiIe  numbers,  35  centa. 

The  Century  and  St.  Nicfwlas.  It  has 
now  become  a  fact  that,  The  Centunj  Mag- 

than  ever  before,  and  wjth  the  Pobruary 
number,  ■.rhich  had  the  iirst  of  the  series  of 
new  cover-designs  by  Elihu  Vedder,  Scrib- 
nefs  Monthly  was  dropped  as  a  sub-title. 
Its  issues  since  the  change  wjis  made  have 
been  commended  by  the  press  everywhere, 
as  of  rare  beauty  and  interest,  both  in  a  liter- 
ary aud  artistic  sense. 

With  this  growing  excellence  has  come 
au  iucreased  sate.  The  average  edition  of  the 
numbere  of  the  last  two  volumes  of  Scrib- 


Monthly 


■i^i<P,^'ad^i^A£-c£^  - 


<^a^-^d^ 


sjieakera 

exhibitors,   which   shimld  be  addressed 
Richard    Nelsou,   Chairman    of   Executive 
Committee,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 


t 


Thoroughly  Endorsed. 

Tlie    Kev.     Th.uuas    J.     Eastorliug,    of 
uresville,     Wilson    County,   Texas,    has 
eu  endorsed  by  his  brethren  of  the  West 
xaji  Conference,  as  being  a  good  christian 
.1  a  successful  chirograhic  instructor. 
The  action  of  the  members  of  the  Con- 
cnce  is  reported  as  follows:  "  We.  the  un- 
dersigned, citizens  of  Texas,  iiud  ministers 
of   the  West  Texas    Coufereuce    M.    E. 
Ihurch  South,  tuko  pleasure  in  reoommend- 
ing  the  Rev.  Thomas  J.  Easterling,  as  a 
ohristiau  gentleman  of  honor,  integrity  and 
social  standing ;  and    as   au    instructor  «f 
[lencerian  penmanship,  be  has  established 
reputation   in  West  Texas  that  requires 
no  eulogy  from  us.     Suffice  it  to  say,  both 
teacher  aud  system  are  worthy  of  public 
patronage."    Signed  us  follo\vs : 


Bis.  Y.  Seal,., 

Jolm  W.  De  Vilbis 

H'Jno.  K.  Wnior, 

A.  F.  C..S, 

■  a.  a.  KilUnii;!!, 

J.  W.  Vest, 

^KH.    a      (^r-iv^d 

H.  0.  Hiirt.,11, 

^■n.    A       iH^ul.ur 

N.  W.  Keith, 

^kv.  li.  Joyce, 
B.  J  C.  Ulack, 

J.  F.  Ciji.k, 

^■R.  .1   Uiivol 

W.  T.  ThoruberrT, 

^Hl.  (\    M,.l.>„ 

K.  JI.  Lemon,      ' 

^Hnhn  S.  (;il]..tt 

H.  W.  Soiitli, 

^Kbn.  W    Tnib^..- 

J.  J.  Hc.uevciitl, 

■b.  K.  Shappari, 

J.  W.  Walkor. 

■a'.  U.  WooOa  au(t  oltiers, 

able  character  won  for  him  the  highest  honor 
and  reaped  of  his  students,  and  are  well  worthy 

Kemlvtd,  That  we  tender  our  most  sipcoru 
condolence  to  hia  bereaved  young  wife 


"'"  iliis  memorial  bt 
■  •i  the  deceased,  aud 
ditily  papei-s   of  the 


COLUMUUS,  0.,  March  6,  1882. 

Books  and  Magazines. 

Every  family  that  desires  to  provide  for  ils 
young  people  wholesome  and  instructive 
reading  matter  should  send  for  specimen 
copies  of  the  Youth's  Companio7i.  Its  col- 
umns give  more  than  two  hundred  stories 
yearly,  by  the  most  noted  authors,  besides 
one  thousand  articles  on  topics  of  interest: 
anecdotes,  sketches  of  travel,  poems,  puzzles; 
incidents,  humorous  and  pathetic.  It  comes 
every  week,  is  handsomely  illustrated,  and  is 
emphatically  a  paper  lor  the  family. 

In  the  North  American  Review  for  April, 
Gov.  Eli  H.  Murray,  of  Utah,  treats  of  the 
existing  crisis  in  the  political  fortunes  of  that 
Territory.   Aci'ordiui^  I,,  the  present  niptluxl 

of   local    linM'rUiLiriit     thi'f,     iIk'     [lIlHniitV   i.f 
the   pupuhiI,<.„-.,lH,  G.-Utiir._ll„,n.li    ,"|.,^y 

possess  the  grt-ali-r  part  of  the  weallh  „f  tli^ 
Territory  {exclusive  of  farm  property),  and 
igh  they  constitute  by  lar  the  most 
enlightened  aud  enterprising  portion  of  tbe 
community,  we  praotically  withgm  a  voicp 


acter,  and  is  remarkable  in  the  artistic  de- 
partment. There  are  over  one  hundred  fine 
illustrations,  a  handsome  colored-plate  fron- 
tispiece: "  Othello  Relating  his  Adventures 
before  Dtsdemoua."  The  articles  are  pecu- 
liarly interesting,  and  are  replete  vrith  infor- 
mation, "The  Life-saving  Service  ou  the 
Great  Lakes,"  by  A.  B.  Bibb,  with  its  third 
teen  illustrations,  will  not  fail  to  comman- 
general  attention.  "  The  Palaces  of  tbe  Peo- 
ple," with  illustrations  and  details  of  the 
Capitol  at  Albany,  by  M.  E.  Sherwood; 
"A  Bit  of  Loot,"  descri'tive  of  scenes  in 
ludia;  "  Count  de  Chambord ''  {Henry  V. 
ttf  France),  by  Frederick  Daniel;  "The 
Land  of  the  Kabyles ;  Or,  Mountain  Life  in 
Algeria  ;  "  "  Locusts  aud  Grasshoppers,''  by 
F.  Buchanan  White,  M.D.,  possess  great 
merit,  and  are  profusely  illustrated.  In 
the  department  o\  fiction,  "  Leouie,  Em- 
press of  tbe  Air,"  by  Gerald  Carieton,  is 
continued;  and  there  are  short  stories  and 
sketches  by  P.  B.  Marstou,  Kev.  W.  H. 
Cleveland,  R.  B.  Kimball,  Elizabeth  Big- 
elow,  T.  B.  Thorpe,  etc.,  etc.  The  poems 
are,  generally,  beautifully  illustrated,  aud 
there  is  an  abundance  of  short  articles,  jiar- 
agraphs,  anecdotes,  etc.,  etc.  The  128 
l::tigr  i|tiarto  pages  are  filled  with  pleasant 
UMiiiii-,  The  price  of  a  single  number  is 
2.'»  L-fQts;  the  subscription  for  a  year,  $3; 
six  months,  SL50;  four  months,  $1 ;  sent 
postpaid.  Address,  Frank  Leslie,  53,  55 
and  57  Park-place,  New  York. 

The  AH  Amateur  for  April  is  one  of  the 


120,000;  the  average 
edition  of  the  first 
four  numbers  of  The 
Century  was  133,000. 
In  Englaud,  neariy 
2I,U00  copies  of  No- 
vember were  sold, 
against  an  average  ot 
J  6,230  for  the  twelve 
months  preceding.  In 
a  recent  issue  of  the 
Dumfries  {Scotland) 
Advertiser,  the  rapid 
progress  made  by  Tlte 
Century  among  the 
reading  public  of  the 
United  Kingdom  was 
ascribed  to  "the 
Anglo  Saxon  spirit, 
as  distinguished  from 
the  purely  British  or 
the  purely  American, 
that  pervades  its 
pages;  it  is  much 
more  American  tiian 
it  is  British,  but  it  is 
more  Anglo  -  Saxon 
than  either,  and  more 
representative  of  the 
race  than  of  any  of 
the  various  nationali- 
ties into  which  it  has 
separated." 
St.  Nicholas  has  grown  in  England,  from 
a  circulation  nf  3000  copies  a  year  ago,  to  a 
regular  cb-culation  now  of  8000  to  10,000 
monthly.  It  is  not  often  that  the  London 
Times  goes  out  of  its  way  to  compliment 
children's  magazines,  aud  American  ones  at 
that,  but  its  issue  of  December  20.  1881, 
contained  the  following  good  words  about 
tlie  last  bound  volumes  of  St.  Nicholas: 

'*  There  is  an  old  song  which  sings  liow 
a  certain  venerable  man  delighted  to  pass 
the  evening  of  his  days  initiating  his  grand- 
child in  the  exhilarating  game  of  draughts, 
and  how,  so  well  did  the  lad  profit  by  hi.s  in- 
struction, that  at  last  'the  old  man  was 
beaten  by  the  boy.  In  looking  over  the  two 
parts  of  St.  Nicholas,  this  old  song  has  come 
back  to  us.  Certaiuly  the  producers  of  such 
literature  for  our  own  boys  and  girls  must 
look  to  their  laurels.  Both  in  the  letterpress 
and  the  engravings  these  two  volumes  seem 
to  us  (though  the  admission  touch  our 
vanity  or  our  patriotism,  call  it  by  which 
name  we  will,  something  elosely)  above  any- 
thing we  prduce  in  the  same  line.  The  let- 
terpress, while  containing  ([uito  as  large  a 
power  of  attraction  for  young  fancies,  is  so 
much  more  idea'd,  so  much  less  common- 
place, altogether  of  a  higher  literary  style 
than  the  average  production  of  our  annuals 
of  the  same  class.  And  the  pictures  are  oft- 
en works  of  art,  not  only  as  engraviugs, 
but  as  compositions  of  original  design." 

The    Univerfial  Penmen,    published    by 
Sawyer  Brothers,  Ottawa,  CttOftdu,  g:row« 


AK  1     -lOl   KNAI. 


rnurc  aut]  inoreiDterestinc  with  encli  sucr^ed- 
iug  nninbrr,  aod  is  well  worthy  of  the 
piitrnnagc  of  Canadiao  or  Aincricaii  penmpD. 
Mai!edfor«I.OOprTj-ear. 

Tho  Penmen's  Gatette.  imblished  by  G. 
A.  Ga«koII,  has  bepo  puhli«IiiDg  a  aeried 
of  iuiorcntiDg  articles  from  tho  pen  of 
Prof  S.  S.  Packard,  under  the  caption 
of  "  The  SchoolinaKUrr  Abroad."  Prof.  P. 
relates,  id  his  vivid  and  fasuinatiog  style, 
many  of  the  intere«ting  rctninieceDces  of  his 
last  Summer's  European  tonr. 

The  Student's  Journal,  published  by  A. 
J.  Graham,  at  744  Broadway,  is  tho  organ 
of  the  Graham  syslom  of  short-baud.  It  is 
ably  edited  and  must  he  of  interest  to  all 
Khort-hand  writers.  In  the  April  number  we 
noiide  an  editorial  ijojiied  from  thia  Jour- 
nal, upon  "  Flourished  Writing,"  for  which 
no  credit  is  given,  whirh  <if  c^iurae  was  an 

Browne's  Phonographic  Monthly,  pub- 
lished by  D.  L.  Scott-Browue,  23  Clinton 
Place,  New  York,  is  filled  with  matter  of 
interest  to  all  interested  in  short-hand. 

Goodman's  Business  Messenger,  published 
monthly  by  Frank  Goodman,  Principal  of 
the  Knoxvillo  and  Nashville  (Tenn.) 
Business  Colleges,  is  one  of  tho  most  lively, 
wide-awake  college  papers,  that  has  reached 
our  sanctum.  "Frank"  evidently  believes 
in  agitation. 


Upon  ihe  Huhscriptioii  lint  nf  the  Picxman's 
Art  .louRNAL  are  Hubficrib(>r8  frnm  Kngland. 
Ireland,  France,  Sandwich  Iwlands,  and  South 


Not  Responsible. 
It  should  he  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Jodhnal  are  not  to  be 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns;  all  communications  not 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
1  ished ;  if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  open  to  him  to  say  so  and  tell 
why.  ^^.^_ 

The  Convention   of  the  Business 

Educators'  Association 

of  America 

Will  be  heUl  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  Gth 
to  0th,  inclusive.  Preparations  have  been 
completed  to  accommodate,  if  necessary, 
.MK)  people,  and  several  gentlemen  favorably 
known  to  tho  Association  have  expressed 
their  intention  to  he  present  and  participate 
in  tho  proceedings — including  Messrs.  D.  T. 
Ames,  S.  S.  Packard,  Seldcu  R.  Hopkins 
and  IIoD.  Ira  Mayhew. 

Provisions  will  be  made  to  display  speci- 
mcUB  of  pen-art,  should  the  Penmen's  Com- 
mittee so  desire.  We  hope  to  make  it  the 
interest  of  every  Business  College  teacher — 
be  he  book-keeper,  jieuman  or  professor  of 
any  gnulo— to  be  present  at  this,  tho  most 
liromiaing  convention  of  the  kind  ever  held 

R.  Nelson,  \  Executive  Committee 
A.  D.  Wilt,  S     B.  E.  A.,  of  Avi. 

Communications  addressed  to  the  undor- 
pigned,  at  Cincinnati,  will  meet  with  prompt 
"^  CHARD  Xelson,  Chairmofi. 


The     National     Penman's     Con- 
vention. 

Tho  C.n.inillee  are  pleased  lore-port  that 
indications  are  favorable  ft.r  a  large  and  en- 
thusiastic uifetiug  of  penmen  at  Cincinnati 
June  (>.  Already  nearly  thiily  have  signi- 
tied  their  intention  to  be  present,  and  from 
the  spirit  of  letters  received,  there  seems  to 
he  a  ilesire  to  have  very  many  practical 
topics  thoroughly  discussed.  There  seems 
to  be  a  di8pi»8iiiou  on  the  part  of  many  of 
the  most  successful  and  enthusiastic  teachers, 
to  invent  some  style  of  writing  which  shall 
he  nmre  legible  and  rapidly  written  than 
what  has  been  in  voguu,  It  h  eenaiuly  an 
pDoouraging  slgi)  for  tlte  advanpeipeoi  of 


penmanship  to  see  so  many  who  are  study- 
ing to  brine  out  that  which  is  most  practic-al 
in  penmanship.  As  the  chief  benefits  to  be 
gained  at  Cincinnati,  must  be  the  thorough 
discussion  of  all  that  is  practical,  every  cRort 
wilt  he  made  to  favor  the  fnllest  expression 
of  ideas.  Some  are  anxious  that  a  full  dis- 
cussion be  had  upon  the  best  method  of 
teaching  in  Public  Schools,  Business  Colleges 
and  in  privatn  classes.  Considerable  at- 
tention will  be  given  to  discussing  that 
which  is  artistic  and  profitable  in  oruamentJtl 
penmanship,  and  we  are  pleased  to  assure 
the  profession  that  several  of  tho  best  pen- 
artists  in  the  country  ini**ud  to  bo  present. 
Although  tlie  meeting  is  two  months  ahead, 
its  success  is  already  assured.  That  the 
gathering  may  be  as  large  as  possible,  it  is 
hereby  urged  thht  every  penman  who  is 
anxious  for  the  advancement  of  his  art,  will 
do  his  best  to  he  present,  and  lend  his  art 
and  experience  towards  making  the  meeting 
the  most  interesting  and  beneficial  possible. 
We  shall  he  glad  to  have  all  who  intend  to 
he  pre.sent,  send  in  their  names  as  early  as 
possible,  and  offer  such  suggestions  as  may 
seem  for  the  general  good. 

A.  H.  HiSMAN,  )     Commiliee 

D.  T.  Ames,       [  of 

N.  K.  Luce,        5  Arrnnge.ments. 

The  Penman's  Convention. 

Editors  of  Journal  :— There  seems  to 
be  no  doubt  that  the  Penman's  Convention, 
in  connection  with  the  Bnsincss  Educators* 
Convention,  will  prove  a  success.  At  least 
it  so  seems  to  me  from  the  letters  I  have 
received  from  persons  who  will  be  present. 
It  is  possible  that  on  some  accounts,  the 
time  of  the  meeting  is  unfortionately  chosen, 
as  a  good  many  penman  who  are  engaged 
in  the  public  schools  will  find  it  diffieult  to 
get  away  so  early  as  tho  (>th  of  June,  hut  I 
understand  that  the  date  was  selected  after 
a  great  deal  of  investigation,  and  halaucing 
of  ctmflicliug  interests.  In  our  meeting 
heretofore,  and  notably  the  one  helh  in  Cin- 
cinnati in  I87y,  the  weather  has  been  so  in- 
sufferably hot,  that  warm  discussions  have 
bad  to  be  discouraged,  altho  in  fact,  we  could 
have  ur>ne  other.  I  learn  from  President 
Spencer,  and  from  the  Executive  Commitee, 
the  attendance  will  be  remarkably  good  from 
the  West  and  South,  and  I  sincerly  trust 
that  Youi-solf,  Hinmau  and  Lee,  will  see 
that  the  Penman  do  not  stay  away  from  lack 
of  interest  or  from  lack  of  jirodding. 

S.  S.  Packard. 

Office  or  the  President  op  the 
BusiNEs.s  Educators'  Association  op 
America. 
Milwaukee,  Wis.,  March  30th,  1882. 

The  time  fixed  for  the  meeting  of  this 
Association  in  Cincinnati  {Tuesday,  June 
6,  I8B2,)  is  approaching,  and  it  behooves  all 
who  are  interested  in  its  object  to  be  in 
readiness  to  contribute  toward  the  success  of 
tho  oecasion. 

There  has  never  been  a  time  so  auspicious 
for  such  a  gathering.  The  public  is  more 
than  ever  favorable  to  the  claims  of  our  de- 
partment of  education,  which  can  be  greatly 
irnproveil  and  strengthened  by  a  full  and 
free  interchange  of  views  among  the  mem- 
bers of  the  profession,  lending  to  give  fresh 
impetus,  broader  scope  and  higher  character 
to  our  work.  It  will  help  to  improve  our 
methods,  and  make  us  more  useful  and  re- 
spected iu  the  communities  where  we  labor. 

It  is,  therefore,  a  duty  which  we  each  and 
all  owe  to  ourselves,  to  one  another,  to  the 
department  of  education  which  we  represent, 
and  to  the  public,  to  aid  iu  making  the 
meeting  ol  this  Association  a  success  by  our 
presence  and  by  contributing  to  it  our  best 
thought  and  experience. 

The  intelligent,  enterprising,  progressive, 
liberal  -  minded  business  educator  should 
never  be  indifferent  tn  the  claims  of  this  or- 
ganization, opouing  wide  its  doorB  and 
cordially  welcoming  all  who  desire  to  pro- 
mote its  interests. 

The  Executivo  Committo  of  thi*  A«sooi- 
atloQ,  couBiatiDg  of  Riohurd  Nolwp,  Chm-  \ 


man,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  A.  D.  Wilt.  Day- 
ton, Ohio,  and  A.  P.  Root,  Cleveland. 
Ohio,  are  making  necessary  arrangements 
which  will  be  duly  announ'*ed. 

On  behalf  of  the  Penmen's  Convention 
which  is  to  be  held  in  connection  with  the 
meeting  of  this  Association,  A.  H.  Hinman, 
Chairman,  Worcester,  Mass.,  D.  T.  Amos, 
New  York  city,  and  Rev.  N.  R.  Luce, 
Uniou  City,  Pa.,  form  the  Committee  of 
Arrangements. 

All  business  educators,  penmen,  authors 
and  publishers  of  works  on  germane  sub- 
jects are  urgently  and  cordially  invited  to 
attend  the  meeting.  Those  expecting  to  bo 
present  are  requested  to  immediately  notify 
the  chairman  of  the  above-named  com- 
mittees, staling  what  part  they  may  he 
willing  to  take  in  the  proceedings,  together 
with  such  suggestions  as  thoy  may  havo  to 
offer. 

The  meeting  promises  to  he  by  far  the 
largest,  and  we  hope  the  best,  of  the  kind 
ever  hold,  and  is  expected  to  make  an  era 
in  the  important  hranclies  of  education 
which  it  is  designed  to  advance,  and  in  the 
prosperity  of  the  various  institutions,  schools 
and  interests  represented. 

It  is  hoped,  then,  that  we  shall  assemble 
in  Cincinnati,  Tuesday,  June  (i.  1882^  with 
a  detei-mination  to  do  everything  iu  our 
power  to  make  this  sphere  of  education  as 
far  as  possible  a  fit  exponent  of  the  vast  and 
comjilex  business  interests  which  comprise 
so  large  a  j)art  of  the  growth  and  greatness 
of  this  continent  and  of  the  world. 

It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  no  other 
body  of  men  havo  in  their  care  and  keeping 
a  grander  work  than  ours,  or  one  fraught 
with  more  practical  good  or  more  beneficent 
in  its  influence.  Conscious  somewhat  of 
the  greatness  of  our  mission  and  the  dignity 
which  it  gives  our  Profession  I  hope  to 
meet  you,  one  and  all,  in  Cincinnati  at 


Your  obedient  servant, 

Robert  C.  Spencer, 

Prest.  B.E.  A.  of  A. 

Keokuk,  Iowa,  April  4th,  1882. 

Editors  of  JoiruNAL:— Prof.  Hinmau 
says :  "  Say  something  in  behalf  of  the  Con- 
vention.'' Every  day  some  one  writes  me, 
"Will  you  be  there?"  Most  assuredly  I 
will.  The  largest  attendance  in  the  history 
of  Commercial  Colleges  is  assured,  and 
what  can  the  Convention  he  if  the  pledge  of 
earnest,  honest  support  is  but  given  f 

The  opinion  of  sages  in  tho  profe.ision,  as 
leaders  in  discussion,  will  form  a  plan  bene- 
ficial to  all. 

I  am  disposed  to  be  liberal  iu  every  sense 
of  the  word,  and  my  knowledge  of  promi- 
nent brethren  is  to  th£i  same  eflect. 

The  Convention  is  an  jissured  success, 
and  I  anticipate  many  pleasant  meetings. 

1  shall  take  with  me  a  live  Indian  and 
buffalo  for  exhibition.     No  extra  charges. 
Fraternally, 

CH.  Peirce. 

A  Serious  Question. 

Do  not  pniprietore  of  Business  Colleges 
make  a  grave  mistake  in  not  giving  their 
teachers  a  summer  vacation?  The  duties 
of  Business  College  teachers  are  exacting 
and  laborious,  requiring  vigor  of  both  body 
and  mind. 

Vitality,  industry  and  hardihood  are 
indespensible  requiaits  of  a  firat-class 
teacher,  and  if  he  lacks  in  any  of  these  he 
is  deficient  in  qualifications  essential  and 
important.  If  he  lacks  in  any  of  these  ho 
is  not  equal  to  tho  great  task  imposed  upon 

"  VaoAtion  "  is  a  conmiondablo  feature  of 
any  school.  Give  your  teachers  a  sufficient 
rest  once  or  twic©  a  year,  and  we  will  guar- 
rantee  that  bodily  infirmities  will  not  inter- 
vene to  prevent  the  discharge  of  their  al- 
lotted trusts.  C.  S.  Martin, 

Prioplpal  of  Chwlclock  Collego.  Lnw 

and  CAuimerciulSchon].  Qiiiucy.  Ul, 

la  the  loxloaa  of  youlb,  trblob  fftlA  fV4eiTt« 
Vox  n  tirltfht  muihoiMl,  tb«n  I1  do  inoti  m  n onl  u  lut. 
Bui-wiyi-tvToy. 


Allen's  Dushiess  College  hna  removed  trom 
Mmiefield.  Pennsylvania,  to  Elmira,  N,  Y. 

John  W.  Rfttcliffe  is  teaching  writing  at 
Maimssea  and  vicinity,  Va.  He  has  our  thank* 
for  a  club  uf  subscribers  to  the  Journal. 

A.  P.  Armstrong,  of  Portland.  Oregon, 
BnHiness  College,  ia  an  accoin  pi  ished  writMr. 
He  has  our  thanks  for  a  club  of  ten  subucribera. 

A.  J.  Scarborough  is  engaged  teaching 
wriliuK  an  !  commercial  branches  at  Protis'e 
Business  College,  at  Union,  Miss. ;  he  is  a 
skillfid  writer. 

Geo,  W,  Sluseer,  teacher  of  writing  at  Ingle- 
woud,  Va.,  writes  a  handsome  letter,  and  says 
he  is  glad  that  there  is  to  be  a  convention  and 
promi^fs  to  attend. 

Prof.  J.  D.  Odell,  who  has  been  teaching  for 
some  months  past  at  Packard's  Business  Col- 
lege, has  accepted  a  pftsition  in  the  olEce  of 
the  East  Tenu.,  Va.  and  Ga.  R.  E.  Co.,  in  this 
city. 

J.  K.  Goodier  has  lately  opened  a  Business 
College  at  Pontiao,  Michigan.  Mr.  Goodier 
18  an  nccomplished  penman,  and  has  liad  an 
extensive    experience    as  a  Business  College 

James  W.  Westervelt.  the  accomplished 
Prof,  of  Penmanship  at  the  Canada  Literary 
Institute,  Woodstock,  Canada,  has  our  thanks 
for    a    club    of   thirteen    suhscribers    to    the 

JOI'RN'AL. 

'^  L.  Madarasz,  late  of  Sterling,  111.,  is  now  i 
permanently  located  in  this  city,  as  will  be  seen  I 
by  hie  advertisement  in  another  column.  Sev-  I 
eral  card  specimens,  inclosed  by  him,  ai:e  I 
shnply  elegant.  ._  __  ' 

Mr.  E.  \J.  Holland,  of  Birmingham,  England, 
writes  that  he  is  very  much  pleased  with  the 
JoiTR.VAL,  and  forwards  money  order  for  all 
of  the  back  numbers.  Mr.  Holland  is  a  good 
practfcal  penman. 

E.  A.  Wilson,  Halifax,  N.  S..  U  a  good 
practical  writer.  He  says,  "  I  owe  whatever 
attainment  I  have  made  in  writing  to  the  Joi'K- 
NAL,  and  I  look  forward  with  much  interest  to 
the  new  course  of  lessons  hy  Prof.  Spencer." 

G.  ('.  Rogers,  has  been  teiiching  writing  at 
Boston  and  vicinity  during  the  past  month  with 
good  success.  He  suys,  '•  The  JOURNAL,  for 
months  past,  has  been  a  literary  treat.  I  am 
surprised  that  so  good  a  paper  can  be  furnished 
for  so  little  iiioney."    The  number  of  its  snb- 

Mi'.  T.  M.  Rodriquez  y  Cos.,  from  the  City  of 
Mexico,  is  on  a  visit  to  New  York,  to  ex- 
amine tlie  educational  advantsges  of  the  public 
and  private  schools  of  this  city.  Mr.  R.  is 
connected  with  the  free  s-hool  system  of 
Mexico,  which  within  the  past  ten  years  has 
become  very  popular  and  efficient. 

Mr.  P.  G.  McDonald  has  been  teaching 
writing  classes  at  Springhill,  Ga.,  and  vicinity, 
with  a  largu  degree  of  success.  This,  we 
judge,  from  the  complimentary  notices 
which  we  find  in  tho  "  Southern  Watchman." 
The  editor  of  this  paper  says,  "  We  visited  hia 
class  here  one  evening  this  week,  and  beard 
one  of  his  sublime  lectures.  We  pronounce 
him  an  adept,  endowed  with  a  gi-nius  faculty." 

The  Wf»tn'n  Trade  Journal  of  recent  dato 
pays  Prof.  H.  Riieaell  of  the  Joliet,  111.. 
BusinesH  College,  a  flattering  compliment. 
Among  olher  things  it  says;  "  Pi-of.  Homer 
Russell,  the  manager  of  the  college,  is  a  penile- 
man  uf  great  literary  culture  as  well  as  ex- 
perience US  a  teacher  of  business  rules,  and 
trains  his  pupils,  not  merely  to  be  accountants, 
but  to  be  thorough  and  accomplished  business 

Prof  A.  R.  Duiiton,  of  Camden.  Me,,  has 
lately  publiabed  a  book  of  300  pages  iu  n>view 
of  the  celebruled  Hart-Meservey  murder  case, 
wberehi  he  claims  that  the  wrong  man  was  con- 
victed by  the  substitution  of  the  writing  of 
an  innocent  mau  for  that  of  the  murderer;  for 
comparisun  with  the  writing  of  cerlahi  anony. 
mouB  li«tters  which  wwre  believed  to  hftvw  been 
written  by  the  murderer,    Mr.  Dunlon  bm 


iMtf^^^p^ 


made  strong,   bold  8tatenieiit«,  nud  evideiilly 
8  whatfaeaffirmA,  wbicli,  if  true,  preseiiUi 
i^hing    case    of    tbe    miBCAmiige  of 
jimtice. 

We  copy  the  following  from  tbe  Creston, 
Iowa,  Vai/i/ AdvertUtr,  which  explains  iteelf: 
FAREWELL. 
rr<>fr--r.v  ,T   M   ^r..)l,^Jl  left,  to-daj, 

n  li"- '■]■   ■}-,-  \..'\v  York  Life  Insii; 

C I'll  lie  WRB  formerly  pon- 

11^'  like  three  years  be  has 


(Signed.)  W.  Beymek, 
H.  Stephens, 
Fi-oUA  Patf. 
Bertha  Hobbs. 


'kr^^Z/yO^TM., 


Cyh^iUtTTii'.e^'yJ^^ 


Hift  in  the  spirit  it  wiM 
ildiiors  tbe  followiug  noi 


71'  the  Tfnrhers  and  Pupils  of  the  CreaCon  Pub- 
lir  Schools  : 

Nut  hciiif'  able  to  meet  with  you  to  tbank 
viin  in  ppiTton  for  your  kind  remembrance  and 
betiiirirtil  present.  I  taketbie  method  of  relurn- 
iuj:  my  heartfelt  thanks  for  tbe  same.  Hoping 
|mi  (he  continued  prosperity  of  both  teacliera 
:iii<i  pupiU,  I  am  as  ever,  Your  friend, 

J.  M.  ISlEH^N. 

I'rofeanor  Mehan  leavea  the  city  with  the 
i:<i"(l  wiehea  of  hundreds  of  friendw  made  in  an 
I Minplary    caieer    as    teacher    a 


A  handBomeiy  written  letter  c 
N.  R.  Luce,  of  Union  City,  Pa. 

Several  fme  specimeoB  of  card-writing  come 
tV.'iii  M.  B.  Moore,  Morgan,  Ky. 

A  line  specimen  of  ufF-hand  fioiirishiug  comes 
tVnin  F.  H.  Madden,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

T.  E.  Yeomans,  of  Savannah,  Ga.,  inoloeee 
several  line  speiiimens  of  cnrd-wriling. 

Geo.  P.  O.  Slioop,  Shamokiu,  Pa.,  incloses 
a  skillfully  executed  specimen  of  fiourishing. 

GiiB.  Hulsizer.  Toulou,  111.,  sends  u  very 
Ijiiiidsomely  executed  specimen  of  Hourisbiitg. 

I'.  K.  Isaacs,  of  tbe  Lakeside  Business  CoM 
-'< ,  Chicago,  III.,  sends  several  haudsomel 
l'<  limens  of  card- wilting.  I 

A   superior  specimen  of  epistolary  wriling\ 

"'»  fi'om  D.  H.  Farley,  teacher  of  writing  all 

I'  State  Normal  School,  Trenton,  N.  J.         / 

Sf  veral  beautiful  specimens  of  written  cards 
l.:.v,.  been  received  from  W.  E.  Dennis,  whose 
aiivertisemeut  appears  iu  uuother  column. 

An  elegant  specimen  of  letter- writing  comes 
rV.iiu  T.  J.  Prickett,  penman  ai  Soule's  Bryant 
A  Stratton  BuBiaeas  College,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

An  elegantly  written  letter  and  a  club  of 
-iibncribers  comes  from  G.  A.  Gramau,  teitcher 
lit"  writing  nl  the  St.  Paul  (Minn.)  Business 
f'nllege. 

-Mr.W.  H.Wieseliabn,  of  the  Wiesehahn  Insti- 
iNiv  „f  Pen  Art,  Si.  Louie,  Mo.,  writes  a  letter 
w  hkh  for  i-eal  ease,  grace  and  masterly  power 
'■(  [>mi  is  unexcelled. 

i:.  W.  Baldwin,  of  Bartlett'a  Commereial 
(-'■■liege.  Cinvinnati,  Ohio,  sends  n  skillfully 
cxfcnted  j»vc«  of  Hourisbing  and  drawing  in 
lurni  of  a  bird  and  quill. 

Master  A.  W.  Sanmun,  Jr.,  of  Noire  Dame 
1 1. id.)  Univei-sily.  wrilt-t.  a  good  hand  for  a  lad 


Cym^^^^?^ 


/ff 


23 1'ark  K<m-, 


M... 


e  given  at'apecimen  Letttr-headimjg — photo-entfraved  from  pen-and 
jutfd  «(  fA«  opre  of  the  "Journal."     Orders  for  all  aimilar  cuU 
promptly  Jilled.  at  reasonable  rates. 


of  thirteen  years.  The  card-speciraens  which 
he  inclosed  are  very- creditable. 

A  handsome  specimen  of  letter-writing  and  a 
skillfully  executed  specimen  of  flouriKbing 
Come  from  E.  L.  Stoddard,  Peivce's  Com- 
mercial College,  Keokuk,  Iowa. 

A  splendidly  illustrated  catalogue  has  been 
issued  by  Messrs.  Howe  and  Powers,  of  the 
Melropolilnn  Business  College,  Chicago,  111. 
They  report  their  college  highly  prosperous. 

We  are  Jb  receipt  of  a  copy  of  ji  "  Family 
Record,"  desigBed  and  published  by  H.  W. 
Shaylor,  of  Portland,  MaiBe,  which  is  highly 
artistic  iu  its  deaigB,  ami  is  mailed  to  any 
address  by  Prof.  Shaylor  for  $1.00. 

Bad  Handwriting. 

There  are,  here  and  there,  liuinau  beings 
who  are,  by  nature,  incapable  of  writiag  a 
good  hand,  just  as  there  arc  others  who  can- 
not draw  a  straight  line  or  a  true  circle,  or 
even  recogBize  one.  But  the  ugly  BiaBu- 
scrlpt  of  the  cluinsy-iisted  struggler  after 
form  is  usually  very  clear.  Haate,  uneasi- 
ness, excessive  work,  nervous  preoccupa- 
tion— these  are  the  chief  causes  of  obscure 
handwritiBg  with  most  of  ua.  But  when  a 
man's  inaBuaeript  baa  made  for  itself  a  fixed 
character  of  its  owb,  neither  printers  nor 
expert  copyists  would  like  it  to  como  rouBd 
to  tame  aiuiplicity  and  correctness.  It 
would  be,  in  another  way,  Iho  caae  of  the 
lover  with  a  aquiBt,  who  ruined  bis  suit  by 
going  to  the  occuUat  and  getting  his  eyes 
put  straight  The  lady  could  bo  longer 
meet  his  eye  in  tbe  old,  affectionate  way, 
and  abe  dismissed  liirn.  Still,  there  are 
faults  of  haudwritiBg,  which  are  inexcusa- 
ble iu  theinselvea,  and  which  neither  copyist 
or  compositor  can  wish  to  see.  Obc  of  the 
worst  of  these  is  las  practice  in  putting  the 
stroke  to  such  letters  as  in  and  n.  There  is 
no  harm  iu  cutting  certain  ayliablea,  such  as 
nien(  aud  i»i^,  to  mere  lines  or  twirls;  but 
where  an  attempt  is  made  to  express  the 
characters,  the  strokes  ought  to  be  uniform. 
Another  practical  observation  is  that  flurried 


handwriting  gains  no  time  for  the  writer. 
A  dowurigbt  lazy  scrawl  ia  another  matter, 
aBd  so  ia  that  kind  of  bad  writing  in  which 
we  can  see  in  the  badness  egotistic  self- 
assertion  or  disregard  of  the  eyes  and  wits 
of  others.  It  may  be  laid  down  that  there 
is  much  egotiain  (associated,  it  may  be,  with 
much  kindness)  in  the  man  who  writes  a 
bad  hand,  which  never  strives  to  pick  itself 
up.  But,  of  course,  the  rule  must  be  applied 
with  greater  or  less  stringency,  according  to 
the  aiii'iuiit  .if  work  that  presses  on  the  pro- 
ducer of  till'  Tii;iiinsiTi|'i,  his  health,  his 
preocciip^iiioii  and  tin'  activity  of  his  aelf- 
Sjjcctator. 


Talent  and  Tact.— "Talent,"  says  a 
writer,  "  knows  what  to  do ;  tact  knows 
h^w  to  do  it.  Talent  makes  a  mau  respect- 
able ;  tiujt  will  make  him  respected.  Tal- 
ent is  wealth  ;  tact  is  ready  mcmey.  For 
all  the  practical  pui-poses  of  life,  tact  carries 
it  against  talent — ten  to  one.  Talent  has 
many  a  complimeBt  from  the  bench,  but 
tact  touches  fees  from  attorneys  or  clients. 
Talent  speaks  learnedly  and  logically ;  tact 
triumphantly.  Talent  makes  the  world  won- 
der that  it  gets  on  no  faster  j  tact  excites  ae- 
toniahment  that  it  gets  on  so  faat.  And  the 
secret  ia,  that  it  has  no  weight  to  carry ;  it 
makes  no  false  steps;  it  loses  no  time;  it 
takes  all  hints;  and,  by  keeping  its  eye  on 
the  weathercock,  ia  able  to  uiUe  advantage 
of  every  wind  that  blows." — Packard's  Com- 
mon Sense  in  Education. 


'^'^ 


Answered. 


J.  H.  S.,  Hubbardtowu,  Mich.— Will  you 
please  inform  me  respecting  the  correct  way 
for  holding  the  oblitiue  penholder  f  Should 
the  first  finger  rest  upon  the  joint  of  the 
holder,  Ans. — The  position  is  precisely 
the  same  as  for  tbe  straight  holder.  The 
finger  should  not  rest  upon  the  joint  of  the 
holder. 

C.  E.  P.,  Jericho,  Vt—  Plcaae  explain 
what  ie  meant  by  tho  combined  movement 
iu  wTitiugt  Am.~T\ie  combined  move- 
ment is  produced  by  the  joint-action  of  the 
tingera  and  mueclea  of  the  fore-arm  ;  the 
principal  motion  of  the  pen  is  given  by  tbe 
muscles  of  the  arm,  tho  fingers  being 
used  only  in  tbe  loug-extended  looped  and 
capital  letters. 

A.  R.  F.,  Troy  Grove,  111.— Can  any  one 
learn  to  use  the  Bay  Shading  T  Square  ? 
Is  the  Penmen's  Convention  to  be  open  to 
all  who  are  interested  in  penmanship  T 
Ans. — Yes,  answers  both  questions. 

N.  M.,  Woodstock,  Out.  —What  ia  the 
correct  position  for  a  person  to  assume  iu 
writing  with  tho  left-hand  i  I  have  to  do 
my  writing  with  the  left-hand,  as  my  right 
is  partially  disabled.  When  I  first  learned 
to  write  I  was  instructed  tositwitli  my  right 
side  to  the  desk  with  the  paper  at  about 
an  angle  of  45°  with  tho  edge  of  the  desk, 
so  you  will  see  that  if  the  baud  follows,  the 
pen  must  be  lifted  at  every  stroke.  Ans. — 
We  think  that  either  tho  left  aide  or  front 
to  the  table  will  be  the  best  for  left-hand 
writing. 

C.  F.  H.,  Biddeford,  Me.— What  are  tho 
advantiigea  of  chalk  -  writing  f  Am. — 
Chiefly  as  au  aid  iu  teaching,  as  a  means  of 
giAnng  correct  forms,  illustrations,  etc.,  and 
of  making  erasions,  on  the  black-board. 


A  professor  who  says  he  reads 
character  by  bis  signature  spent  th 
iu  trying  to  figure  out  Longfellow's  auto- 
graph. Somehow  it  would  show  up  the 
venerable  poet  as  a  man  who  liked  to  bet 
on  horse  races,  go  to  variety  shows,  and 
bowl  aroimd  nights.  Aud  of  course  the 
professor  knew  the  poet  was  not  that  sort 
of  man,  and  he  couldn't  uiake  it  come  out 
aBy  other  way  aBd  weBt  nen 
found  that  the  autograph  wj 
Sugby  Monthhj. 


irly  wild  till  he 
*s  a  forgery. — 


R.  S.  B.— St.  Louis,  Mo.  Please  inform 
me  through  the  Journal,  what  work  on 
business  correspondence  is  the  bestt 

Ans. — "  Towusend's  Analyaia  of  Letter- 
writing"  ia  a  standard  work,  and  is  the 
best  on  correapoudence  that  we  know  of. 
Mailed  from  this  office  at  the  publisher's 
price,  $1.25. 

G.  L.  N.,  Elyria,  Ohio.— What  are  the 
chances  for  one  possessed  of  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  writing  aud  drawing?  Ans. — 
Good  teachers  of  drawing  and  writing  are 
in  good  demand,  such  teachers  are  coming 
to  he  employed  in  most  of  our  large  cities 
as  special  teacliera  in  jjublic  schools,  and  at 
good  salaries. 

A.  C.  M.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.— Ia  the  "  Or- 
tbodactylic  peuholder"  useful  in  teaching 
children  to  \VTite,  and  is  it  an  American 
Spenceriau  inventionf  Ans.  —  The  Or- 
thodactylic  is  a  Transatlantic  invention, 
hence  not  Spenccrian.  After  giving  it 
it  a  personal  trial,  we  find  it  cannot  be 
used  successsfully  in  writing.  Diligent 
inquiry  discovers  no  one  who  can  write 
vnth  it,  and  we  cannot  bear  of  a  pupil 
wbo  has  learned  correct  peuholding  by  tbe 
aid  of  the  Arthodactylic.  It  is  evidently  a 
puerile  invention,  more  unique  than  useful 
or  ornamental. 

Back   Numbers. 
I      All  or  any  of  the  back  numbers  of  the 
I  Journal,  and  since  inclusive  of  January, 
IS78,  can  be  sui>plied.     No  number  prior  to 
that  date  can  be  mailed. 

All  the  52  back  numbers,  with  any  four 
of  the  premiums,  will  be  mailed  for  $3-25, 
inclusive  of  1882,  with  the  five  premimna, 
for  $4.fHJ.  ^ 

If  you  want  good  pens  of  medium  fiae- 
ness,  smooth  pointb,  durable  and  superior 
for  practical  writing  aud  flourishing,  send 
30  cents  for  one-quarter  or  $l,OOU  for  a  full 
gross  box  of  "  Ames  Penman's  Favorite 
Pens." 


Railroad  Sociability. 
"  Speaking  about  the  sociability  of  rail- 
r..aH  Iravflers,"  said  the  man  with  the 
cnitchen  and  a  watch-pocket  over  his  eye, 
"  I  never  ^ot  HO  well  lu^iiaintetl  with  the 
paBsenuere  on  a  tniin  m  I  did  the  other  day 
nn  the  Milwaukee  and  St.  Paul  Kailroad. 
We  were  going  at  the  rate  of  aboat  thirty 
miles  an  hour,  and  another  train  from 
Ktlier  direction  telescoped  us.  We  wcr 
thrown  int<p  each  other's  society, 
ediato  social  contact  i 


r  and  sat  in  the  lap  of  a  cor- 
n  Manitoba,  and  a  girl  from 


brought  into  i 

pulent  lady  fn 
Chicago  jumped  over  nine  seats  and  sat 
down  on  the  plug  hat  of  a  preacher  from 
LaCrofwe  witli  so  much  timid,  girlish  cntliu- 
Hia«m  that  it  shoved  his  hat  clean  down  over 
his  shoulders. 

"  Kvorybody  seemed  to  lay  aaido  the  usual 
cool  reserve  of  strangers,  and  we  made  our- 
selves entirely  at  home. 

"A  shy  young  man,  with  an  emaciated 
oilcloth  valise,  left  his  own  seat  and  wont 
over  and  aat  down  in  a  lunch-basket  where 
a  bridal  couple  seemed  to  bo  wrestling  with 
their  first  picnic.  Do  you  suppose  that 
reticent  young  man  would  have  done  such  a 
thing  on  ordinary  occasious  f  Do  you 
think  if  he  had  been  at  a  celebration  at 
homo  ho  would  have  risou  impetuously  and 
gone  where  those  people  were  eating  by 
themselves  and  sat  dowu  in  the  cranberry 
jelly  of  a  total  stranger  !  " 

"  I  should  rather  tliiiik  not. 

"Why  one  idd  man,  who  probably,  at 
home,  led  the  clastt-mcnting,  aud  who  was 
as  dignified  as  IJrother  Jones'  father,  was 
ejiiiug  a  piece  of  custard-pie  when  wo  uiot 
tlie  other  train,  and  he  left  his  own  seat  and 
wont  over  to  the  front  end  of  tho  car  aud 
shot  that  piece  of  custard  pie  into  the  car  of 
a  beautiful  widow  from  Iowa. 

"  People  traveling  stunehow  forget  the 
austerity  of  tlieir  homes  and  furm  arf|uaint- 
Huri-n  that  Romotiiiies  last  tlirnugh  life."— 
Sriertcil. 

Public  Schools  and  Politicians. 

(I'^om  the  Itichmnnd  Co.  Gazette. ) 

At  au  examination  of  a  public  school  on 
Slateu  Island,  the  teacher,  justly  prond  of 
his  schohirs,  addressing  the  audience,  said  : 
"  Ladies  aud  gentlemen,  to  prove  that  the 
boys  aro  not  crammed  for  the  occasion,  I 
will  direct  one  of  thi-m  to  opeu  the  arith- 
luetie  at  random,  and  road  out  the  first 
problem.  Then  I  shall  invite  a  gentleman 
of  the  audience  to  work  out  tho  sum  on  the 
board,  and  to  commit  intentional  errora 
which,  you  will  observe,  the  boys  will  in- 
stantly detect.  John  Smitli,  open  the  book 
an»i  read  the  first  question  I  " 

The  scholar  obeyed  and  read  out^" Add 
fifteen -sixteenths  aud  nine  elevenths." 

The  toaehor  turned  to  tho  audience  aud 

said:    "Now,  Supervisor ,  will  you 

Bti'p  to  the  blackboard  and  work  it  out?" 

Tho  snperviacu-  hesitated,  thou  said, 
"  Certainly,"  and  advanced  a  step,  but 
paused  and  asked  the  teacher,  "  Is  it  fair  to 
put  tho  children  to  so  difficult  a  problem  f" 
'  Oh,  never  fear,"  replied  tho  teacher,  "they 
will  be  e<iual  to  it."  "  Very  well,"  said  the 
supervisor,  "go  on."  The  boy  began  the 
question :    "Add   fifteen-sixteenths " 

"No,  no!"  said  tho  supervisor,  "I  will 
nut  be  a  party  to  overtaxiug  tho  chihlrou's 
brains!  I  liavo  conscientious  scruples 
against  it !  This  forcing  system  is  ruining 
the  rising  generation!"  and  he  gave  back 
ttie  chalk  aud  lofl  the  room. 

"  Well,  Judge  CastleU.n,  will  y.m  favor 
ua  t "  aakisl  the  teacher,  tendering  the  chalk. 
"  I  would  iXo  so  with  pleasure,"  replied  the 
judge,  "  but  I  have  a  case  coming  on  in  my 
court  in  a  mimito  or  two,"  and  ho  left. 

"  Assessor  Middletown,  we  iimat  fall  back 
ou  you,"  said  the  teacher,  smiling.  "  Oh," 
sjiid  the  assessor,  "  I  pass— I  mean,  I  de- 
cline in  favor  of  Collector  X."  "  Well,  that 
will  do."  replied  the  teacher,  "Mr.  Col- 
lector, will  you  favor  uaf 

"I  would  ocrtaiuly— that  ia— of  couree," 


replied  the  collector,  "but — ahem  I — I  think 
it  should  be  referred  to  a  commit — Why, 
bless  me!  I'll  never  catch  it!  Good-bye! 
Some  other  time ! "  and  be  left. 

"  I  know  Justice  Soutbtield  wilt  not  ro- 
fusel"  said  the  teacher,  and  the  justice 
stepped  promptly  up  to  the  blackboard 
amidst  a  round  of  applause  from  tho  audi- 
ence. Tho  scholar  again  began  to  read  the 
sum.     "  Add  fifteen-sixteenths  and — " 

A  dozen  hands  went  up  as  the  judge 
made  the  first  figures. 

"  Well,  what  is  it  f  "  asked  the  teacher. 

"  He's  got  the  denominator  on  top  of  the 
line ! "  cried  the  boys  in  chonis. 

"  Very  good,  boys,  very  good ;  I  see  you 
are  attentive ! "  said  the  judge,  as  he  rubbed 
out  the  figures,  turned  red,  and  began  again, 
but  was  interrupted  by  tho  class  calling  out : 

"Now  he's  got  the  numerator  and  de- 
nominator both  under  tho  line! " 

"  Aha !  you  young  rogues  !  You're  sharp, 
I  see!"  said  the  judge,  jocosely,  and  again 
commenced. 

"That  aint  a  fraction  at  all!  It's  one 
thousand  five  hundred  and  sixteen ! "  was 
tho  cry  that  hailed  the  judge's  new  cotnbi- 
natiou  of  figures. 

"Really,  Mr.  Teacher,"  ejaculated  the 
judge,  "  I  must  compliment  you  ou  tiie 
wonderful  proficioucy  of  your  scholars  in 
algebra!     I  won't  tire  their  patience  any 

"Oh,  go  on,  go  on!"  said  the  teacher, 
aud  agaiu  the  judge  wrote  some  figures  in 
au  ort'-liaud  manner. 

"That  aint  a  fraction !  It's  six  thousand 
one  hundred  aud  fifty-one!"  yelled  the  boys. 

"  Mr.  Teacher,"  said  the  judge,  "  it 
would  bo  ungenerous  on  my  part,  and  im- 
ply au  unworthy  suspiciou  as  to  your  effi- 
cieocy,  to  put  these  extraordinarily  bright 
children  to  additional  testa;  I  would  not — I 
could  not— Oh !  excuse  me !  There's  Brown ! 
I  have  important  business  with  him. 
Sheriff!   I  want  to   se^  you!  "and  he  left. 

Some  days  afterward,  a  boy  was  brought 
before  Justice  Southfield  for  throwing  stones 
in  tho  street.  "John,"  said  tho  judge, 
sternly,  "  were  you  the  boy  that  laughed  in 
school  on  Monday,  while  I  wiia  working 
that  problem  i "  "  Yes,  sir ! "  was  the  reply. 
John  got  thirty  days. 

Trophy-Snatchers  Sold. 

A  Raid  on  the  Penk  at  the  Ameri- 
can ExciiAN(JE  After  the  Discov- 
ery OP  Berniiardt's  Skinature. 
Tho  Loudon  corresptmilent  of  the  Detroit 
Free  Press,  "  Charing  Cross,"  writes  as  fol- 
lows: "Sarah  Bernhardt  is  iu  London, 
and  the  firet  place  she  visited  was  the 
American  Exchange.  She  dropped  infor- 
mally iu  at  five  one  afternoon,  and,  although 
the  reading-rooms  were  full,  those  present  en- 
tertained an  angel  unawares  as  far  as  know- 
ing that  the  slim  actress  was  among  them. 
She  told  Mr.  Gillig  that  slie  was  delighted 
with  America  and  everything  American. 
She  signed  lier  name  on  the  register  and 
made  quite  a  long  stay  in  the  elegant 
ladies'  parlor  of  the  Exchange.  A  rather 
funny  incident  in  connection  with  Sarah's 
visit  took  pbice.  Tho  main  reading-room 
is  supplied  with  numerous  writing-desks 
and  pens.  When  Sarah  had  signed  the 
register  and  had  disappeared  up-stairs,  a 
gentleman  sauntered  from  one  of  the  desks, 
pen  in  hand,  to  see  who  the  elegantly- 
dressed  lady  was,  who  had  just  written  in 
tho  book.  He  gave  a  gasp  of  surprise,  and 
with  a  furtive  look  around,  quickly  ex- 
changed tiie  pen  he  had  for  the  one  she  had 
used,  and  slipped  the  latter  iu  his  pocket. 
So<m  another  ttaw  the  signature  and  speedily 
captured  the  pen,  put  it  iu  his  pocket, 
and  placed  a  pen  from  one  of  the  desks  on 
the  regUter.  As  the  news  spread  that '  the  * 
Bornliardt  had  been  there,  nearly  all  the 
pens  in  the  eslablishmeut  were  captured, 
under  the  impression  that  they  were  the 
pens  used  by  the  actress.  It  may  please  ail 
these  Amoricaus  to  know  that  the  sjime  pen 
was  taken  by  Mr.  Gillig  from  the  fair  hands 
of  Sarah  herself,'' 


July,   188..  JUST       PUBLISHED.  July,   1881. 

THE  COMPLETE  EDITION  OF 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOaSE    ARITHMETIC, 

COMPUISINO    OVER    500    OCTAVO    PA<ll!:S. 


Tbo  nhnvdimitiieeNibm..  -  i  :    '  xian  uf  Uio  knonlodfra  of  Arllh- 

u>.iiini  rortli  IWW   lis  a  I'UACTICAI.  TK--'l-liUUK  I.ji^k  Mwtleil  ii>  thy  chi*,' n.i-mii  at  ihi>  Iintitutl'jn  fcuudwl  by 
Ux'imilciw^ix),  niidby  liim])orH.nuUyDuiidiiclt<irurni.urioduroVliK  A  SIXTH  OK  A  CENTURV. 

PAKT    SECONl^ 

Of  the  nboT«  work.  liegiDnin;  with  llie  iubjccl  of  reKwntngo,  wm  jmblislied  in  Soplfliiiber,  18S0.    It  nt  oiipn  rooclvml 
ilio  Btmn^st  liidiinement  nmon;  iiiitTiy  o(  Ihu  lending  mluoatora  tit  thi»  rouutry,  nod  wns  ndopint  in  over  ONE 

PART    FIRST 

HnsJiiM  h, .  1 iM|.:.  t.'.i.  I  -  ..III,.,.-,.-  M.-  |,.|^..  -  \,..-„,,y.uL-  u  ill.  iim'  u,ir...iii.'ii..ri  < 'f  Arithinetio  BDil  CXloiliUng  In tho 

Miiijfin  1 1  r  I    .  I!     1    .  riit.' nuiihodannindiipled  lodiuly 

li  I-  i.i   .■  -  .'  '     ■  i-  .        ,....,-',  .1    ,.  .  ■   .  ■-  M.i  :,  '.  ,i..i,  -  ,  1  .ii.iir..vemont  nml  progrpu  tuJniHIj' 


OI'iNI()\^  01    rr.nMiNRNT  EDlTCATOltS  AS  TO  THE  SHSRITS  OP 

SADLER'S  COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC; 

From  U.  K.  Ilil'l.in.l     I'  I..  A    -      i!',.„Sil 1.  HmM..ii.  M;.^s.: 

JVom  Charles  Clagliom,  Principal  Bryant  &  Stratton  School.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.: 

"  I  knun-  of  uo  Aritliiuelio  so  well  auitcd  to  the  p«oulinr  work  of  Biuineu  Colleges.     Im  uko  iii  my  aoLool  haa 
assisted  u»  to  much  betttr  restills  Iban  wo  havo  over  before  oblnlniKl." 

Fi'oni  S.  S.  Packard,  President  Packard's  Busiiiess  College,  New  York : 

louiling  coiumoroial  topica." 

I'Voiii  O.  R  WilliftmR.  Prof.  Law  and  Mntliematica,  Rochester  Buainess  Un'uity,  Rochester,  N.  Y.; 

rVoinl'i.i J    ^     >  .  .U,  Principal  AUen'8  Grove  High  School,  WiBconsiu  : 

■If    M,       .    I.    .  _  -MT  yei  used  id  sthoi.l.    A  full  exptanulioii  i»  oiv*n  of  biwloees  tem 

«i.h  bw.1l  1.  .    Ill  I.  I.    LI  L     ,u  .   1  Ml  ;{  pn.Wpms,  .-ovringr  r'veiy  powiltle  olmnge  of  fonn,  bill  no  piiaales, 


From  n.  C.  Spei 


simply  uNCW  BOOK. 
I  Itiisiness  College.  Washington,  D.  C: 


From  S.  BogarduB.  Pi-esidcnt  SpinngfieUl  BusinesB  College,  Springfield,  111.: 

"It  is  giving  great  aalisfhclion  lo  stiiderta  and  teachoM.    The  explaoaUon  and  rulex  are 
jviinled.     I  cim  glacJ  to  give  your  wnrk  my  lienrly  api.mvnl" 

From  O.  A.  Gnsk-fll    Tnmlp-il  jM-.vfltv  Tln^in-^^  f\,n.g.>,  .lersey  City.  N.  J.: 

and  ii''it8!^dX"An!'''  "■"."■" ' ' " ■  V', ■;■  .,.",',':;,■. ■■;'!:!;.'''''  'u\s'i!^&l''K'i''adv 


From  A.  B.  Claik.  )■, 


CIlMge,  Newark.  N.  J.: 
ill...  Ohio: 


From  J.  M.  Martin  &  Bros..  Proprietor-  <'.,.  n  \\  ,.,,,,,  IlusiiieBS  College,  Galesburg.  Ill 

I'ri.in  ])   M,  M<Lachl.iu.  Principal  Cnnnda  Ru^iripss  CollPf^t..  Clinthrtm.  Ont.: 

From  (■    W     -:.  ■  .     I'l     .    ,        1;    -..-.(.     .  !■,■.(..        M  .  :, 

"  "  • -  ''■  ' -■■■>'  ■'  ■■  1    ■'  i;.i-  i.i  -~  I  L-'  ■  iii.i  I  ...u.i.iiL-  r....iiis.    Wo  ore  vory  highly  iili 

with  it  iijia  li  At-i;.i..k,  uu  ut  ...i.i.  .i.t..  u..    ^ii|-.-i,oi  ic^uiic  m-  1.1.-  .-i.iii.i.-.i  1.,  ,i<'i-<mipli«h  flir  our  pnpUa  aim 


7 '"'! 


From  C.  F.  Carhart,  Principal  PoUora's  Biisinwus  College,  Albany,  N.  Y.: 


PIES  FOR  EXAMINATION  WILL  BE  SENT  PREPAID  ON  RKCEH'T  OF  12.25. 

AddresB  W.   H.    SADLER,    Publisher, 

Nos.  6  and  8  N.  Charles  Street,  Ualtimoro,  Md. 


A    Relic   of  the  Centennial. 

The  Esterbrook  Steel  Pen  Co.,  havo 
recently  set  up  in  their  New  York  office,  2fi 
John  Street,  their  display  of  Stfcel  Pens  at 
the  Philadelphia  Exhibition,  in  1876.  The 
frame  enclosing  the  principal  design,  occu- 
pies a  space  of  about  four  and  one-half  feet 
by  fourteen.  Nearly  seven  thousand  pous 
are  used  in  the  Exhibit,  and  are  arranged 
in  a  great  varity  of  attractive  shapes.  The 
pens  are  of  various  colors,  bronze,  blue, 
black,  white,  gold  and  nickel  plated,  and 
looks  neariy  aa  fresh  and  new  as  when  tirst 
displayed. 

A  newspaper  tells  this  story  of  a  new  boy 
in  one  of  tho  country  schools:  The  precious 
youth  was  asked  who  uuide  the  beautiful 
hills  about  them,  and  replied  that  he  did  not 
know,  as  his  parents  bad  only  moved  into 
the  neighborhood  the  day  before. 


**  John  ■'  said  his  teacher,  "  I  am  very 
sorry  to  have  to  punish  you."  "Don't 
then,  "  said  Jolinny,  "  cause  it  always  makes 
mo  feel  bad,  too.  Then  we'd  both  be  sorry 
you  did  it." 


invaluable  to  all  who  kra  suking  to  Imprurt 
r.       AddreM,  PfOtMA^t's  Akt  JounifAT.. 

905  BiMdwiiy,  New  York. 


CARHART'S 

Class-Book  of 

Commercial  Law 


if  the  leadii 
.Sfhools  in 

g  Collegee.  Aca- 
tliis   coiirilry. 

College    . 
ncrcjal  College 

'  New  York!  N." 
.  .  Philadelphia.  I 
.  .  .  Uuilimora.  M 
.     .  Williiimnport,  I 

lelphi. 


liCom 


I'nriah'i  Biulneu  Co1Ieg« P«ori«,  111, 

[  i-  AniT' 1  •  ■■  •'  ....    L<M  Aogelwi,  Cal. 

Ilii.r,,  i,>  .  i',M.ii,P«Coilego"    .    '.    '.     .Wo^<^p«^eri  m'om! 

riiiiiii- s,  ii.i.iK Newnrk,  N.  J. 

OBkland,  Col. 

■■ :. .1.1-- College Lfinii,N.Y. 

•'■■•'■■ M.  I  .t,i„ryIn»UtiiIe WoodBtook,  Ont. 

-t   .Insojih'*   ■■       St.'jospph.'Mo! 

iriiuln  Biuinou  Collego BamilloD,  OnL 

'.'.miiKlnw  Siege  1 PilUbiiTffh.  Pa. 

The  above  are  some  of  the  leading  inatitu- 
lionB  now  nsing  llie  Clase-Book  of  Coaraiercial 
Law,  and  who  speak  in  the  highest  tei-ms  of 

..f  II. . -I,,.-.    T'l  s|i;m-ii  rtnd  ARRANOBD  eapeolally 

Cnmmim   Carrim  nf  Fr'.ight  and  Paftngert,  Innhiep- 

Single  copies  sent  postpaid  to  any  address 
on  receipt  of  One  Dollar. 

Special  rnUs  for  intToduction.  All  orders 
should  he  ndtlreeaed  to  the  author. 

C.  E.  CARHART, 

Principal  o(  the  Albany  Biuineaa  Colleg^ 

^t.f.  Albany,  N.  Y. 

To  Whom  it  may  Concern. 


NOW  THE  LEADING  TREATISE  ON  BOOK-KEEPING 

IN    THIS  COUNTRY. 

Arranged  for  use  in  Business  Colleges,  High  Schools, 
and  Academies. 


Id  methods  In  the  suicnc 

the  result  of  theorizing,  it  is  cminent- 

1  and  tcachei-9  of  practical  ideas. 

Its  l8  snch  as  to  render  the  acquisition  of  a  tmnd 

of  average  ability  and  Industiy.     The  students' 

being  presented  nntil  the  mind  lias  been  carefully 


slons;  and  teacl 
The  work  to  be 


wuihinff   to   negoliEite   (or   hb   servicOT.   ulsUM 
X  Y  r,  care  ofD.  T.  Ames.  SW5  Broadway.  N. 


M  A  Y  H  E  W  S 

UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

MaiUKi!    uf    Business    Practice, 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LL.D., 

Detroit.  Mich. 
Bryant's  New  Series. 
EOOK-KEEPINQ. 
iTH    Edition.        CoPYmcHTED,   ISHl, 
By  J.  C.  BRYANT,  M.D., 


il  PubliB 


t'  BOOK-KKEPINO.    Doub 


■OOK-KEBPrNG— Ju»(  Rr- 


BOO&KEEPING  - 


This  work  embodies  llie  latest  and  most  approved 
Being  taken  from  the  actual  Ixioks  of  lumtnos^  houses, 
ly  practical,  and  coramendf  itself  at  oii< 

TnaMETHODOf  prCSl  Jilln,-  III.     ,    n  ■ 

itni»/iIa^«of  Book-keeplii-  •  • 
coui-se  is  a  gradual  but  c  1 1  i 
and thorougljly  piepareil  Vn  r'n   m  !-■■■  \  \  ■  i  it-  diftlcuittes. 

The  scope  of  the  work  is  wide.  e\londing  from  the  rudiments  of  the  science  to  the  most  intrl- 
and  complicated  records.    It  is  sutBciently  elementary  to  bo  within  the  capacity  of  beginnei-s  in 
sufBciently  extended  to  prepare  the  stiident  for  any  department  of  accountantship. 
EB.    The  student  will  find  In  this  work  no  waste  inateiial,  and  no  irrelevant  discn*- 
chers  wlU  find  tliiil  >\.ry  i.:iL;et.ontain8  matter  of  weight  and  value,  and  only  snch. 
nlrnt  i-  p.  1 1,  qw  fjouble  that  fouud  In  any  Other  Similar  trcatlsc. 

" '    *'f   li'l'  1'  nl  grades,  the  work  is  issned  in  two  editions,  printed 

n  coloi-3,  on  flne  heavy  piijiLi ,  ainl  IiuumI  hi  b-jstof  cloth. 

The  Counting  House  Edition 

356  page,  of  which  64  pages  are  devoted  to  Preliminary  Kxcrclscs  and  Retail  Business:  W 
pages  to  Wholesale  Merchandising:  12  pages  to  Farm  Account"*:  "5)  pngc«  to  Lumber  AocountB,  J8 
pages  to  Manufjicturing;  13  pages  toSteaml>oating;  12pag(-a  i-.  K  ijim  I'luv-   -jo  ii-i^esto  Commission; 

55  pages  to  IJanUing:  tlic  remaining  pait  of  the  work  to  iin- .,,,,-  ...i,,. ,  >- 

Retail  piite  $3.50  Order  Mf   1  i  .  .      i    ,,,, f2.io 

Introduction  price  2  10  SampK  1.  t  i,,ti,  by  express  I.OO 

Per  dozen  (thcreatrei),  per  copy 2,S4  Sample  l'>"<<:.    i im nm,  by  mail...  1.25 

A  complete  set  of  Dlank  Books,  nilefl  and  indexed  expns-lj  foi  thi^^  woih.  will  be  furnished  at 
§2.75  per  set  net,  retail.  $4.50. 

The  High  School  Edition 

contains  IGi  pages  devoted  to  the  rudiments  of  the  science,  and  Retail  and  Wholesale  Merchandising. 
This  edition  is  precisely  what  is  requircl  in  High  Schools,  Academies  nnd  Unlveraities,  where  an  ox 
tended  course  is  not  attempted,  but  where'a  clear  understanding  of  the  ordinary  methods  of  Ac- 


THE  NEW 

BRYANT  d  STRATTON 
BOOK-KEEPING     BLANKS. 

Adapted  for  use  with  or  without  Text-Book, 

and  tlie  only  set  recommended  to 

accompany 

"THE  NEW 

Bryant   &    Stratton 
Counting-House-Bookkep|)irig,;'_ 

SMALL  .SET,  LARGE  BOOK 

COMMISSION  SET,  BOOK  FOR  GENERAL  USE. 

BANKING  SET.  BUSINES.S  FORMS 

DRY  GOODS  SET.  PRACTICE  BOOK. 


J  Collegea 


Descriptivi 


"JOHN  D'S  FAVORITE  PEN." 

Till.  Pen.  known  bj-  tlin  nlxtve  litlo,  U  manufiichiiwl  of 
he  tat  .lee,  and  careHiJl.v  .eleoled.  Tbey  m  piitioi. 
iM^j-  ndnpled  for  Public  and  Private  Srboola  and  Book- 

DANIEL  SLOTE  &  CO., 

119  AifD  121  WuiiAM  Stiibet,  New  York. 


THE  DAYSPACING 
Shading     T     Square. 


-^■■<  ]-iu.i,.i,.,,  LontBiDS  Manofiictiinug.  and  Modem 
H.ii.Kih;.-  „...,  HI  iho  best  BusloeM  Colleges  in  the  UnitBd 
.t„i,.„i..i  I  .ih„iu.  Commended  10  the  WhesltcmiB  by 
UH1  L„..t  1  ,1,  ii,n.  m  America;  312  pagM.    Retail,  f3. 


e  oddraMMt  to  J.  C.  BRYANT.  ] 


The  Book-keeper 

THE  ONLY  PAPEK  OF  ITS 

CHARACTER  IN  THE  WORLD. 

Pl'blisiied  Fortnightly. 


The  Lkading  Accountants  of  America 

COHRESPONDESTS. 


Devoted  to  all  matters  of  special  interest 
to  Accountants.  Bankers,  Merchants, 
Manufacturers,  Counting-room 
Attachi-s,  Instructors  of  Ac- 
counts, and  all  persons 


Ancient  and   modern  systems  of  Book- 
keeping reviewed  and  exemplified. 
Practical  problems  and  questions  discus- 
sed and  elucidated. 
Subscription,  $2.00  per  annum.      Single 

copies.  8  cents. 
Specimen  copies  sent  free  to  prospective 
subscribers. 
An  Agent  wanted  in  every  ciiy  in  the 
United  Sutes  and  Canada.     Full  com- 
pensation guaranteed. 

The  Bookkeeper. 
76  Chambers  St..  New  York. 
Posi-Omce  Address.         P.  O.  Box  2126. 


KANCV   CARDS! 

TWELVE  DESIGNS.  ALL  DIFFERENT. 
THS  BEST  IaV  the  SIARKET. 

Imok of  25 ooxda aeiit  ixwl-pald 20 oti. 

SOOwut-patd ta,50 

1000        ''^         5.00 

1000,  by  Ezpreu, 4. SO 

Send  for  Circular.    Sample*  SENT  FREE. " 

D.  T.  AMES,  205  firoadway,  Noiv  York. 

C.    N.  CRANDLE.   Artitt    Panmtn    and    TMchor, 

VALPARAIS(»,  IND. 

Thorough  eoiim-  In  I'mmniisliij.,   10  week*.  flO;  12 


\AIR1TTEN    CARDS,    15    contB    ; 
ceuti.     Cireulnn   and   sample   fne. 


COMMON'  SCHOOL  BOOK-KEEPING. 

EmbmcillK   SISOLB    ASO    DOUULE    ISTHY,    ttlH 
udnptcainhiatviaiiiil  oiKluliiBS  ln»tnictloii  li 


To  my  Fineiicls   and  the   Pnblic: 

The  undereigned,  who  has  for  years  fyllowed  tli©  pri>fe»»i«u  of  card- writing,  and 
whuBB  name  is  familiar  in  all  parw  of  Ihe  oountr/,  esteeoiB  it  a  pleasure  to  anuouucc  thai  he  has 
yet  to  know  of  the  first  ineUiice  wherein  hia  work  has  failed  to  give  perfect  satisfaction.  Exe- 
culiotr  Ihe  baiidsomeat  work  of  any  pemoii  in  the  country,  and  furnishing  the  heel  quality  of 
cards  obtainable  in  New  York  city.  I  shall  strive  t»  merit.  a..d  ln^e  that  1  may  be  farored  with 
your  ordei-a. 

The  following  are  the  popular  prices  at  which  written  visiiing-carda  will  bf  furnished 
and  sent,  post-paid,  to  any  address  in  the  United  States  or  Canada: 


Ut-odge.  the  lai 

Bvel  gill-wlKO 
i-ity).  li.e  iBlet 


ling  Biislul  . 


mutlful  gold,  silver 


sending,  securely  packed, 
o  bottles,  ^i  tM.  By  dilutii 
:  luiiy  be  made  fruui  a  si 
.iiufacture,  HO  cenla. 


,  /  icili   give  you  my  uery  best   work.     Let 
me  hear  from  you. 

calls  for  very  bril- 

t  bottleB  to  any  part  of  the  country.  Piice,  per  quart,  $1.40; 
ith  some  good  wiiting-Huid.  more  tlian  three  quarts  of  fjood 
quart  of  this  quality.     Recipe,  with  full  directions  for  its 


Vrvn  r  A  f  tail  ti  ntl  ^^  requested  to  my  offer  of  SETS  OF  CAP1T.VLS.  They 
1  U  Lli  /l  L  LCli  liUii  are  executed  in  the  highest  style  of  the  art,  and  have  won 
the  honor  of  being  superior  to  the  work  of  any  other  penman  in  tlie  world.  To  any  person  ob- 
taining a  more  perfect  and  elegantly  executed  set  I  will  gladly  refund  the  money  paid  me. 
Price,  per  set,  25  cents;  two  seta,  diH'ereut  styles,  45  cents. 

Qi  (Tn  O  +n  r^O  V  !fOu  wish  your  name  wHtttn  in  amrud  ttylts,  by  the  most  grace. 
vji^iiclLLliCo.  ful  penman  of  America,  a^nrf  twelve  S-eent  stamps.  Money  cheer- 
fulhj  rcturncil  if  any  other  card-iDritcr  equals  them  far  you. 

nhlinna  Ppiilinlrlprc  ^"^  ""^^"^'''^  ^^«"  '''«  '^"^'"e  penmen  in  the 

U  IJilC|llC  r  OUilUilLOl  b  production  of  handsome  -work.  They  are  almost 
invHluable,  and  are  the   only  penliulders  with  which  even-shading  '  ''  ' 

other.     Sample  mailed  for  'M  centH. 


I  be  executed.     I  u 


Hopiug  t 


i-ordei.  I 


P.    <).   Box    212G, 
4-it.  New   Yoi-k    City. 


JUST     PUBLISHED. 


Eaton  and  Burnett's  Book-keeping. 


:  COUNTING-UOUSK. 


Eaton  and  Burnett's  Commercial  Law. 


REVISED    AND     I- 

k  iBdMtgned  foruBefii  Buitoess  CoOvges,  Um^'-' 


.  Agency,  PuTlnerehipt.  CorporationB.  Sailinciilii, 
FAVOUABLE  RATES  TO  SCHOOLS. 


^byuiail,  lorenamiuation,!!. 

EATON  &  BURNETT, 

Eaton  .)■■  Burnett's  Businefs  Colleye, 
BALTIMORE.  Md.; 


typogi'iii.i.  .  >i  -iiv  ■-  .^11  1   ,■  -  ■">    ."M I    'II 

THE  ^^iW 

DUYANT  &  STllATTON'S 

COUNTINO.UOUSG    BOOK-KEEPING. 

Kmbracli^  11  eTt  ^ry   nd  P  i    ticoof  Accounts 


lliu  t 

ol  t  (Utloi)  in  I 
found  to  ilo  tlic 
Ii^i4  antl  high 


i  i-u9ituGt3   and  will  be 
•        -V  Inbnslnissool 
.  thau  an)   other 


IVISUN,    ULAKEMAX,    TATLOK  4  CO., 


^:^iv.'^^\^^vv\^v%^\^^^\^^v^  ^^^^\  o^bgge 


ESTERBROQK'S 


n  Series  of 

□CHnnL  PEMS 


Phntn-Enqravinq'fe°PhDtn-LithnqraphL|. 

D.X  Al^^ES .  205  Hrdahway. 


Penwork  of  Every  Description 

HioM  nor):  U  ooTnm^ndcd  by  many  good  Jiidgea  bs  ud- 
,rT-n«.'.l  f-r  ,„.a..i«».  L'ra<-.-  i.nd  artisliu  beauty. 

p„i- .,.    ,!>,'..{  ..'<   :■.  •■M.-A  (o  my  »p«ciiii«iii  of  Off. 

riTi  TL  I   Mil  tend  to  any  addrcu  b 

EI.'!;  II. I     <    '1  I   i">k.  ivrittPD  in  tbe  baodMiiKVI 

yk'  I .     ■■ |i  ii    iiriL-e»giV(D  below: 

o.  5—    "        "       birdi  aDd  acroll-floiir- 

o.  6 — Flouritbod  white  cards W 

Speclnl  OfTer — On  reuelpt  of  %\   I  will  send  Ih» 

Dt  of  oiriinnd  cnpitata "  25 

Totnl »1  5» 

Address 

W.  E.  DENNIS. 

4-6t.  lirookh/n  {K.  D.).  X.  T. 

VERY  IMPORTANT! 

included  to  gtvo  epeuial  atlootionia  this  direction  during^ 
:n<.-lboda  of 


mng  I 


il.ng  o 


Peirce's  Mercantile  College, 

KEOKUK,  IOWA. 
Uurliig  Jiiiio,  July  and  August. 

Tiiiliou,  $35.    llounl,  In  private  family,  |:}  per  week. 


Literary  and  Commercial. 


eoixi©  fivst-oU«s  InBtitution.  Busi- 
ness  ColleKP  preferred.  Is  a  jn-od. 
uate  of  both  a  Literary  suid.  Com- 
mercial CoUege.  Has  been  aprao- 
ticalBook-keeper  and  Accountunt. 
and  for  many  year«  a  Teacher  of 
Conuuercial  Branches,  inchidlng 
Penuiansliip. 

Address,  A  B  C, 
931  Car*,  of  D.  'I'.  Am«s. 


WELLS   W.  SWIFT, 

rioMvllle,   Onondaga  County,   New  Tork> 


packanes,  Printing  Ink.  Si 
Cauceliug  Inks,  for  boih  mil 
rognipli  Ink,  Atiiline  Inks,  et 


r   iniiil,  11  buauliWil  plioto 

ecgraving  of  my  Huuri slung, 
Cediir  Itupid's.  lowii. 

OHOnTIIAND-wrilln^c 

Uioroughly  tauglil   by  niuil. 
W.  UUI.TOS.  Pitlflburgh.  Pa. 

JUST  WHAT  I  WANT! 

A  large  forty- col nmn  eeven-page  monllily 
paper,  devoted  to  the  inteieatB  ui  pfumeu  and 
card-wrilers,  etc. — five  columns  devoted  to  the 
latent  &tyle  of  cards,  caBet>,  inks,  shading- pens 
and  all  goods  used  hy  penmen.  Pricea  appear 
monthly  on  above  goods,  with  new  carda  de- 
ibed  each  month. 


:rioeu  eacxi  luuiiin. 

SubBcriplitiu  price,  50  centa  a  year,  including; 
DO  gilt-edge  carda,  poE»t-paid. 


200 


•"  New  England  Siftings," 

WOONSOCKET,  K.  I. 


r 


PUBT.ISHED    M<:>N'rHr,Y,   AT   '405    BROADWAY.    FOR   Sl.OO    PKR    YEAR. 
■'  Entered  at  the  Po$t  Offir.e  «/  Xew  York.  N.  T.,  as  iecond.cla«i  matter." 


NEW    YORK,    MAY.   1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  5. 


SOtrTHERI.AMO'8 


Valparaiso.  Ind. 


^L      PENMANSHIP     INSTITUTK. 


Now   is  the   time  to  subacribe   for  the 
loiiitNAL  and  begin  with  tlie  first  leason  in 
1  writing  by  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer, 
lessons    will    alone  be  worth   many 
le  cost  of  a  year's  subscription. 


Thf 


Personal  Characteristics  in 
Handwriting. 

Says  D'Israeli,  "To  every  individual 
alure  has  given  a  distinct  sort  of  writing, 
I  she  has  given  them  a  peculiar  counte- 


The  writing  of  the  world  is  as  marked 
And  varied  in  its  idiosyncraciea  as  are  the 
physiognomies  and  other  peculiar  character- 
istics of  its  writers.  Not  only  is  this  true  as 
regards  individuals,  but  of  race  and  nation- 
alities. The  extensive  and  close  observer 
distinguishes  between  nalionalities  by  their 
writing  as  readily  as  he  does  by  speech, 
physiognomy  or  any  other  race  peculiarity. 
Even  where  one  has  learned  to  write  another 
than  his  native  language,  the  race-distin 
tion,  to  a  perceptible  degree,  remains.  The' 
writing  of  a  German,  Frenchman  or  other 
foreigner  who  has  learned  to  speak  and 
write  the  English  language,  will  retain  an 
ididcratie  style  as  perceptible  to  the  expert 
as  will  be  the  brogue  in  the  foreigner's 
speech ;  and  the  one  can  no  more  be  over- 
come or  avoided  than  the  other. 

Again :  Writing,  to  a  marked  degree,  is 
an  index  to  race  peculiarities.  The  impul- 
sive aud  gesticulating  Frenchman  repro- 
duces himself  iu  bis  florid  and  fantastic  wri- 
ting, as  does  the  cool  phlegmatic  Briton  in 
his  more  deliberate  and  less  ornate  style. 
There  is,  too,  sometimes,  as  strong  a  re- 
eemblancc  iu  the  writing  as  there  is  iu  the 
person  aud  characteristics  of  different  mem- 
bers of  the  same  family,  which  resemblance 
very  naturally  results  from  coincident  in- 
struction, example  and  family  traits.  Those 
fcmily  resemblanc«8  are  occasionally  so  great 
U  to  render  liable  a  mistake  in  the  identity,  I 


of  both  person  and  writing,  by  persons  of 
limited  aciiuaintance ;  but  not  of  either,  by 
,  intimate  relatives  or  associates.  In  neither 
case  can  we  conceive  a  complete  and  per- 
fect identity  to  be  possible ;  nor  are  the  dis- 
tinctive characteristics  by  which  different 
writings  are  recognized  less  marked  or 
more  uncertain  than  are  those  which  dis- 
tinguish persons. 

The  skilled  and  obser\'ing  accountant  or 
correspondent  will  recognize  the  various 
handwriting  of  all  associates  in  his  house, 
as  well  as  of  its  frequent  correspondents,  as 
readily  and  unerringly  as  he  does  their 
persons;  nor  can  the  identity  of  their  hand- 
writing be  more  effectively  concealed  by 
diBguiso  thau  can  the  persons  of  the  writers. 
It  is  also  an  observable  fact  that  original 
and  highly  eccentric  persons  usually  de- 
velopc  an  equally  original  and  eccentric 
handwriting.  By  eccentric  writintr  we  do 
not  refer  to  the  well  nigh  unintelligible 
hieroglyphics  of  such  newspaper  writers  as 
Greeley  and  others,  whoso  essentially  bad 
writing  has  generally  resulted  more  from 
the  attempt  to  force  an  unskilled  pen  tp 
perform  tlie  utterly  impossible  task  of  keep- 
ing pace  with  their  rushing  torrent  of 
thoughts  thau  from  any  real  eccentricity  o' 
character,  but  to  those  whimsical,  nonde- 
script forms,  in  which  the  writers  utterly 
ignore  all  system  or  example,  and  seem  to 
defy,  alike,  all  rules  of  art  and  nature  by 
deliberately  introducing  forma  aud  combina-  ! 
tions  which  may  be  anything  or  nothing,  | 
according  to  their  position  and  the  context.  I 
and  which  constitute  as  a  whole,  a  "  hand  " 
as  grotesque  and  inimitable  jis  is  the  char-  | 
acter  of  its  author,  and  one  which  seems  to 
say  to  the  beholder,  "  This  is  my  style," 
aud  very  properiy,  for  certainly  it  will  enter 
into  the  heart  of  no  other  man  to  conceive 
of  anything  like  it. 

lielow  we  present  a  few  specimens  of 
such  writing,  together  with  a  iew  facsimile 
autographs  —  those  of  persons  publicly 
known  — which   will   serve   a 


riv:^icA6 


These  autographs  are  certainly  mi  generis, 
and  in  their  entire  originality  aad  defiance 
of  prescribe  1  rules  of  chirography  are  typi- 
t'al  of  their  respective  authors,  wlio,  in  their 
careers,  have  been  equally  original  and  ir- 
respective of  the  beaten  ways  of  their 
K  rand  fat  hers. 

As  another  example  of  the  eccentric  au- 
tograph—certainly its  writer  has  departed 
widely  from  the  ways  of  her  grandmother — 
we  present  the  following : 

"It  is,"  in  the  words  of  another  writer, 
"  a  fine  combination  of  masculine  vigor  and 
feminine  caprice."  Authors  of  such  vi'riting 
and  autographs  as  above  need  have  no  fear 
of  a  mistaken  identity  or  of  any  consider- 
able number  of  accidental  coincidences  be- 
tween their  and  any  other  "sign  manual." 

Below  are  specimens  of  writing  aud  au- 
tographs constructed  more  in  accordance 
with  the  prevailing  standards  of  form,  and 
which  specimens  are  not  distinguished  by 
any  conspicuous  personalities. 


'OryuJ 


<2^^-^„i^. 


y^Jt^r^ 


^^i^T?^t>^ty 


Such  writing  will  occur  in  cases  wlieie 
persons  of  nearly  equal  skill  have  learned  to 
write  by  practicing  from  the  same  copies 
and  who  have  not  subsequently  changed 
their  hands  by  practice  under  widely  difl'er- 
ent  circumstances.  In  such  writing  there 
will  be  many  accidental  coincidences  of  fonn 
and  combination  between  that  of  different 
writers,  and  mistaken  identity  is  liable  ex- 
cept by  those  to  whom  the  handwriting  is 
thoroughly  familiar. 

It  is  the  peculiar  eccentricities  of  habit  in 
writing,  as  it  is  in  the  figure,  dress,  etc.,  in 
persons,  which  readUy  and  certainly  deter- 
mine their  identity. 

Persons  of  the  same  color,   of  medium 


stature,  regular  features,  clothed  iu  the  pre- 
vailing fashion,  present  much  the  same  ap- 
pearance to  the  eye  of  a  stranger,  and  on  a 
slight  acquaintance  may  easily  be  mistaken 
one  for  another ;  but  persons  highly  excep- 
tional in  any  of  these  respects  will  he  rec- 
ognized at  sight :  there  can  be  no  mistaking 
a  black  for  a  white  man,  a  giaut  for  a 
dwarf,  or  a  cripple  on  crutches  for  a  man  on 
sound  legs.  Persons  are  never  so  identical 
in  form,  features,  dress,  habit,  etc.,  as  to  bo 
mistaken  by  intimate  acquaintances,  and 
usually  where  a  strong  personal  resemblance 
is  apparent  to  strangers,  it  ceases  to  be  so 
upon  a  more  intimate  acquaintance.  So, 
however  close  the  resemblance  between  the 
writing  of  different  persons  may  appear  to 
the  unfamiliar  observer,  the  identity  of  each 
will  not  only  he  apparent,  at  once,  to  ita 
author  and  others  to  whom  it  is  familiar, 
but  they  will  usually  fail  even  to  note  a 
resemblance. 

The  handwriting  of  every  adult  must  in- 
evitably have  multitudinous  distinctive  and 
habitual  peculiarities— of  many  of  which  the 
writer  is  himself  unconscious :  such  as 
initial  ;iuO  terminal  liucc,  forms  and  meihoda 
of  constructing  letters,  combinations,  re- 
lative proportions,  turns,  angles,  spacing, 
slope,  shading  (in  place  and  degree),  crosses, 
dots,  orthography,  punctuation,  &c.,  &c. 
These  peculiarities  are  the  outgrowth  of 
long  habit,  and  come  at  length  to  be  pro- 
duced^and  reproduced  by  the  sheer  force  of 
habit— as  it  wero,  automatically  by  the  hand, 
its  movements  being  independent  of  any  di- 
I  rect  thought  or  mental  guidance.  Being 
[  thus  unconsciously  produced,  and,  in  the 
i  main,  unnoted  by  the  writer,  they  cannot 
I  be  successfully  avoided  or  simulated  through 
j  any  extended  price  of  writing.  To  do  so,  a 
j  writer  would  be  required  to  avoid  that  of 
which  he  was  not  conscious,  aud  to  copy 
the  undiscovered  habits  of  another  writer. 
I  Though  writing  be  changed  in  its 
I  general  appearance,  as  it  easily  may  be  by 
'  altering  its  slope  or  size,  or  by  using  a  mdely 
,  different  pen,  yet  the  unconscious  habit  of 
I  the  writer  will  remain  and  be  perceptible  in 
all  the  details  of  the  writing;  and  such  an 
effort  to  disguise  one's  writing,  could  be 
scarcely  more  successful  than  would  be  an 
effort  to  disguise  the  person  by  a  change  of 
dress.  In  either  case  a  close  inspection  re- 
veals the  true  identity. 

Although  it  be  a  fact  that  writing  ulti- 
mately becomes  the  automatic  production  of 
the  hand,  it  is  equally  a  fact  that  it  does  m 
as  the  ]jupil  and  agent  of  the  mind ;  and 
in  the  moulding  process  the  peculiar  quali- 
ties of  its  tutor  and  master  enter  uncon- 
sciously into  its  composition,  aud  it  becomes, 
as  it  were,  a  mirror  of  its  creator  —  the 
mind. 

The  truth  of  this  assertion  we  will  en- 
deavor to  illustrate  by  presenting /acsi>ni7« 
autographs  of  a  few  persons  whose  mental 
characteristics  are  a  matter  of  historical 
record,  and  will  or  may  be  known  to  all 
our  readers.  It  is  probable  that  ^  the 
writing  of  no  two 
frequently  been  the  subjec 
then  that  of  Rufus  Choate  i 
cock,  whose  portraits  and  j 
here  present. 


nd  John  Han 
lutographs    w< 


Alt  I     JonSNAI. 


of    tl)( 


M  between  the  personal  dharacter- 
ietic*,  pliysiognoroics  or  chirogmphy  of 
tbes(.<  geutleinoD.  Mr.  Clioato  oujityed  tbc 
reputation  of  beiug  the  very  worst,  aud 
Hancock  aa  being  among  the  best,  writers 
of  tlieir  times. 

The  hard,  wiry,  nervous  and  intensely 
marked  features  of  Choate,  bespeak  the 
brilliant  though  eccentric  orator,  jurist  and 
■tatesmHi),  nxid  are  in  fnll  accord  with  his 
autograph. 

The  portrait  of  Hancock,  in  its  bold, 
open  and  frank  expression,  ia  typical  of 
wliat  the  biographer  describes  as  "a  man 
of  strong  common  sense  and  great  derision 
of  character,  polished  maoners,  easy  address, 
affable,  liberal  and  charitable."  Could  por- 
trait, character  and  autograph  he  in  better 

As  a  companion-autograph  of  Hancock's 
we  piesent  that  of 

wbo  was  also  a  compatriot  in  the  stirring 
limes  of  the  Revolution,  and  a  colleague 
in  tht'  Colonial  Congress.  Both  were 
*!noDg  the  moat  earnest,  bold  and  feariess 
advocates  of  the  Declaration  of  Indepen- 
dence. John  Adams,  in  one  of  his  tiery 
speeches  iu  its  favor,  closed  by  fairiy  shout- 
ing "  Independence  forever  "  ;  and  Hancock, 
when  be  placed  his  autograph  npon  the 
Declaration,  which  act  might  have  become 
his  death-warrant,  remarked  "  The  British 
Ministry  will  not  need  their  specks  to  see 
that."  The  bold,8trong,determined  character 
of  these  men  stands  out  in  their  autographs. 
Iu  marked  contrast  to  these,  are  the  auto- 
graphs of  two  of  our  great  merchants  and 
financiers. 


e  we  have  men  of  affiairs  who  have  a 
care  for  details  which  enter  as  minutely 
and  fnlly  into  their  autographs  as  into  their 
business.  Between  these  autographs  and 
the  followiug,  are  contrasts  as  striking  as 


authors. 

These,  aa  a  class,  are  what  might  be 
termed  Parliamentary  autographs.  Their 
aulhoFB  indulge  in  mmv  of  the  redundances 
or  fantastic  (piirks  and  ereentriciltes  eo 
c<Mnirinn  to  most  classes  of  writers,  the 
autographs  seeming  to  possess  a  conFcinuB 
dignity,  which,  like  th''  greatness  of  ihdr 
aulh<iri>,i.H  most  complete  without  dec^nitiun. 


x^^. 


■y 


almost  microscopical  proportions,  is  indi- 
cated that  rare  quality  of  mind  which 
crystallized  thought  into  felicitous  phrases, 
and  stamped  him  as  tbe  ablest  statesman 
and  diplomatist  of  his  time.  His  "  irrepressi- 
ble conflict  "  and  "higher  law"  w  re  ex- 
pres9iou(«  which  largely  shaped  the  evt  nts 
of  his  time. 


^  ^.    ^'jr^,^J^ 


-yA 


/f  F  A 


The  autograph  of  Clay,  in  its  concise, 
frank,  open  and  almost  laconic  style,  most 
faithfully  reflects  the  character  of  tbe  great 


Probably    n<.    two    America 
more  resembled  each  other  in  their  style  of 
thought  and  expression   than  Seward  and 


99t^    y^^ 


The  autograph  of  General  Grant  is 
plain  and  simple  in  its  construction,  not  an 
unnecessary  movement  or  mark  iu  it  —  a 
signature  as  bare  of  superfluity  and  ostenta- 
tion as  was  the  silent  soldier  and  hero  of 
Appomattox. 

In  the  autograph  of  R.  E.  Lee 
we  have  the  Fame  terse,  brief  man- 
ner of  constructiou  as  in  Grant's. 
It  is  more  antiquated  and  formal 
in  its  style ;  more  stiff,  and  what' 
miglit  be  called  aristocratic.  It* 
firm  upright  strokes  with  angular 
horizontal  terminal  lines  indicate  a. 
dfctermined,  positive  character. 

with  the  two  last-mentioned  auto- 
graphs, is  that  of  G.  T.  Beauregard,^ 
in  that  he  indulges  in  a  rather  ela- 
borate flourish,  which  is  a  national' 
characteristic,  and  also  typical  of  the 
blustering  and  flourish  with  which 
he  entered  the  field  of  our  late 
"  onpleasantness."  In  dignity  and 
unpretentious  directness  bia  auto- 
graph compares  as  unfavorable 
with  those  of  Grant  and  Lee,  as 
did  his  military  record  with  theirs. 


to-engraved  fdc-fimile  of  a  Utter  written  by  General  Oarfield  to    the   eldtgt 
the  midst  of  the   harastintj  and    txcUiny  campaign,   which    7'egulted    in  his 


The  above  cut  i 
son  of  Henry  C.  Spi 
flection  a»  President. 

It  teas,  of  course,  most  hurriedly  written,  yet  not  a  letter  or  toord  is  m  it  which  ia  not  as  clear  and 
legible  as  type. 

It  is  remar/iable  not  only  from  the  excellence  of  its  chirography,  but  in  the  circumstance  of  a  great 
man  littrally  ovenvhtlmed  with  the  tabor  and  correspondence  incident  to  a  great  presidential  campaign, 
of  which  he  himself  teas  the  chosen  standard-leartr,  turning  aside  to  anstctr  a  congratulatory  Utter 
received  from  a  lad.     The  youth  of  our  country  held  a  wann  place  in  the  heart  of  the  late  President. 


ing     whose    opinic 
countrymen  were  ni 


whose  life  was  without  e<pil 
reproach,  and  conc( 


I  Alexander  Hamilton,  the  latter  the  acftom- 
plished  aide-de-camp  of  Gen.  Washington, 

I  and  subsequently  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
under  Washington's  administration.  As  pre- 
sented, in  many  respects  the  autographs  of  j  ^"^^  Reporter. 
Seward  and    Hamilton  also  resemble  each 


A  Few  Law  Points. 

A  jury  iu  North  Carolina,  after 
being  charged  in  tbe  usual  way  by 
the  judge,  retired  to  their  room, 
when  a  white  juror  ventured  to  ask 
a  colored  associate  if  he  understood 
tbechargeof  the  judge.  "  What!  " 
exclaimed  the  astonished  juror,  "he 
don't  charge  nuf£n'furdat,doeahet 
Why,  I  thought  we  was  gwine  to- 
get  pay ! " 

A  Texas  judge  who  had  two 
tramps  before  him  said  to  them : 
"Now,  one  of  you  make  tracks  for 
the  border,  and  the  other  try  to 
catch  him."  They  caught  at  the 
idea  and  put  in  their  best  licks. 

A  lawyer  arguing  a  case  was 
reprimanded  by  the  presiding  judge 
for  ceitain  remarks  and  references 
made.  The  lawyer,  iu  making  &u 
apology,  said  :  "  Your  Honor  is 
right  and  I  am  wrong,  as  your 
Honor  usually  is.'' 

An  attorney  called  to  see  an 
eminent  judge,  and  sent  his  card 
up.  The  answer  came:  "  The  judge 
cannot  be  seen,  he  is  in  his  chamber  with 
sciatica."  The  visitor  exclaimed  :  "  Just 
my  d — d  luck  ;  there  is  always  some  cussed 
Italian  just  in  ahead  of  me." — Wasliington 


The  autograph  of  his  great  cotemporary, 
Webster,  too,  in  its  simplicity  and  dignity  of 
style,  is  appropriate  to  the  terse,  vigorous 
and  unaffected  style  of  America's  greatest 
statesman. 

The  autograph  of  Lincoln  is  clear,  bold 
and  uttf  rly  without  affectation  j     while  its 


The  autograph  <tf  Garfield  is  easy,  flow- 
ing and  graceful,  without  redundancy  or 
pretention.  Nothing  could  he  more  in  keep- 
ing will)  the  scholarly  attainments,  graceful 
oratory,  and  unpietentioua  merit  of  its  au- 
further  specimen  of  Garfield's 


quaint,  honest  dignity  renders  it  thoroughly     from  his  pen.     The  writing 


chirography  we  present  a  fac-simile  letter     beautifully    figured 


Saved  :— "  Isn't  it  delightful,  Horace,  to 
think  of  the  awakening  of  nature,  after  her 
long  sleep  !  A  few  weelis  ago  and  all  was 
buried  beneath  the  cold,  white  blanket  of 
winter,  and  the  frost  king  held  the  life-giv- 
ing sap  of  the  trees  and  Howers  in  his 
mighty  grip.  Now  all  is  changed.  The 
sun,  with  its  penetrating  raya,  revivifies  the 
long-dormant  principles  of  growth,  and  id 
a  abort  time — a  few  days  at  most — the  earth 
will  be  clad  in   her  spring  suit   of  green. 


appropriate  as  the  "sign  manual"  of  "  hi 
Abe."  In  a  contrast  as  marked,  as  were 
the  peculiar  characteristics  and  attainments 
of  the  two  men,  stands  the  delicately 
molded  autograph  i>f  the  great  "  war 
premier"  Seward.     In  its  delicate  construc- 


^-ithoi 


'jal  eccentricity,  though  bearing  a  marked 
personality.  It  is  brief,  clear,  strong,  and 
symmetrical,  and  iu  its  general  excellence, 
as  compared  with  tbe  average  writing  of  our 
public  men,  it  stands  as  consjticuous  as  did 
the  character  and  attainments  of  its  author 


tion  of  fine  hair-lines,  clear-cut  shades,  and  \  among  bis  cotemporaries. 


dandelions  and 
daises."  "Oh,  Almira  Ann,'  said  he,  as 
he  looked  into  her  eyes  a  look  of  WTapt  ad- 
miration, "if  I  thought  you  would  always 
aling  English  like  that,  I'd — I'd — but  then 
you  might  turn  your  language  batteries  oo 
me."  A  moment  more  he  would  have  been 
lost,  but  his  guardian  angel  did  not  forsake 
him. — New  Haven  Register. 


AKl    JOIKX.VI, 


carry    a      pncknge 
thrnnnh  the  Street, 

of  F<ix    collnrs  nntl 

usual, ordered  them 
ti)  he  delivered  at 
lence.  S^od 


tiis 


vragou  1 


freight 

-fls  harked 
;  door  aad 
the  pacltJi^e  lahor- 
ioualy  pliicfd  OD 
tiio   steps    hy  the 


driv 


Writing,  like 
spelliug,  read- 
iDg,  aud  calcu- 
lalicms,  ia  a  re- 
quirement of 
overy-day  life. 
All  suuh  things 
should  he  Bpo- 
cially  well  d.>uo. 
The  pen  is  the 
mouthpiece  of 
the  corrcspciud- 
eut,  the  foreruL- 
ner  of  the  press, 
the  recorder  of 
the  myriad 
traneactiong  of 
the  husiuoss 
world.     lis  use, 

iuiportaot,  rea- 
ders it«  proper 
aoqii  ire  meat 


necessity — a  duly 
whi.-h  uo  oue  can 
afford  tu  negject. 

We  may  prop- 
erly appeal  to  \-a- 

motives  for 

Penmanship, 


nnJ 


tiula 


Lessons  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  I. 
By  Henry  C.  Spencer. 


Who  Can  Learn  To  WniTE. 

sible  people  who  cling  to  the  notion 
which  has  descended  through  many  uenwrations,  that  pen- 
men, like  poets,  "  are  horn,  not  made."    But  it  is  not  likely 
that  many  readers  of  this  journal  hold  lo  a  notion  so  ab- 
surd, and  probably  there  is  not  one  who  does,  among  those 
wi.o  will  seek  to  profit  by  these  lessons.     We  do  not,  of 
iMurse,  deny  that  individuals  dilTer  ia  natural  aptitude  for 
IciirtiiiiiE  writing,  as  they  do  in  iheir  capacities  f"r  learning 
uilier  praclieal  arts;  but  we  do  know  that  there  ia  nothing 
cniMioctcd  M'ith  tlie  successful  acquirement  of  the  twenty- 
M>;  aianchiid  script  oipilals,  and  the  tweuty-six  small  letters 
with  their  proper  coiuhiualioiis,  that  is  necessarily  beyond 
the  cjiparity  of  seusible  persons.     ( 
point,  based  upon  long  experience  and  exteudcd  ob 
is  foriuiilaled  llius:  Ant/ person  tcho  hasgood 
one  or  Uco  eyes,  and  five  fingers  on  either  hand,  can,  under 
proper  instruct-on,  learn  to  write  kcU. 
We  believe  there  is  a  st'-ady 

Increase  of  Good  Writers. 

We  nioct  tcu  good  writers  now,  where  but  one  could  be 
found  twenty  years  ago.  The  more  general  introduction 
in  (Mir  Ciiuntry  of  a  recognized  standard  of  penmnuship,  and 
methods  of  instnii-tioii  and  training  by  which  le 
enabled  to  approximate  to  that  slandanl,  has  largely  m- 
creased  iho  number  of  good  writers  in  jiroportiuu  to  the 
whole  population.  There  are  other  agencies  which  should 
bo  mentioned.  Teachers  in  our  public  and  private  schools, 
with  the  aid  of  systematized  copy-hooka  and  charts,  are 
doing  better  leaching  than  formerly. 

The  business  colleges  of  the  United  States,  with  their 
skilled,  alilo  and  euorgetic  teachers  of  penmanship,  are  an- 
nually traiuing  up  thousands  of  elegant  writers;  also  teaching 
them  how  to  apply  their  skill  in  correspond en'-e,  book- 
keeping, and  the  practical  aOairs  of  life.  This  Penman's 
AuT  Journal,  with  its  wide  circulation,  its  artistically  il- 
lustrated pages  and  columns  of  iustniction.  presenting  pen- 
mauehip,  as  it  does,  in  aliuost  every  known  phase  of  utility 
aud  beauty,  is  doing  a  great  work  iu  popularizhig  the  art 
aud  apreading  a  knowledge  of  it  over  the  whole 
The  great  increase  in  the  number  of  good 
and  parcel  of  the  general  progress  of  our  times.  The  good 
work  mnet  be  carried  forward. 

Good  Writing  Should  BECOirc  Universal. 


•'^^-^ 


[   CashBook 


them    by  appro- 
priate  considera- 
tions.   There  is  a 
real  pleasure  to  be 
derived  from  tho 
study  ^^l  symme- 
trical    hiudwrit- 
iug:      It    briuga 
into  delightful  ac- 
tivity aud  conse- 
quent development,  faculties  of  form,  size,  order,  color, 
<-onatructivencss,  and  cumparsion.     Then  there  is  a  satis- 
kill  of  hand.  Hand-work  is  brain-work  brought 
iaible   forms   thruugli   nerve  and 
■  nuscle.     The   complimentary  approval  of  one's  skill   by 
relatives,  friends  aud  acquaintances  is  no  slight  incentive 
to  the  mastery  of  the  pen.     Again,  there  are  the 

Pecuniary  Advantages 

which  good  handwriting  secures,  especially  to  those  who 

are  just  entering  busy  life,  upon  their  own  responsibility. 

competition  in  every  department 

ity  becomes  sharper  and  closer.    For  every 

posiiiuu  now  ofl'ered   there  are  crowds  of  eager 

i-ompeting  applicants,  each  striving  t?  secure  the  preference. 

Competitors  for  placest,  usually  tirst  become  known  to  eiff- 

ployers  through  their  letters,  which  are  read  and  compared. 

Other  qualifications  hi  ing8uti^factory,  the  advantages  \i  Inch 

ii  superior  handwriting  secures  to  an  applicant  are  clearly 

evident.      Tho  possessor  of  such  a  hHiidwriiiLg  wins  and 

others,  deficieut,  fail  aud  fall. 

Practical   chirography,  as  all   know,  not  only  secures 

paying  positious,  bnt  helps  to 

Promotion  and  Advancement. 
The  reason  is,  because  a  man's  measure,  in  dollars  and  cents, 
IS  hie  abi'ity  to  do — to  perform  useful  service  to  others.  In 
this  view,  the  possessor  i  f  a  legible,  rapid,  elegant  hand- 
rtTiiing  may  be  justly  estimated  as  having  hum  thirty  to 
forty  per  cent,  advantage  over  his  competitt>r3. 

The  ready  peumau,  other  points  cous'ulered  equal,  is, 
therefore,  nut  only  the  successful  candidate  fur  business 
positions  and  promotions,  but  he  commands  a  higher  salary 
because  of  Mm  more  valuablu  s 

The  Course  of  Lessoxs 

,ch  we  are  entering  upou  will  be  iu  accordance  with  those 

icinles  which  are  fundameutal  in  the  system  originated 

Piatt  II.  Spencer  — those   principles  which  took   hold 

iuds  of  such  men  as  Victor  M.  Rice,  James  W. 

isk,  E.  G.  Folsom,  Wm  P.  Cooper,  John  Gundry,  Geo. 

ight  uame,  distln- 

ished  among  his  followers  with  the  peu.    Those  principles 

he  present  American  school  of 

Ucd  penmen,  of  which  our  country  may  be  justly  proud. 

The  Instructions, 
to  our  pupils  who  are  to  tnke  tins'  course  of  lessons,  must 
bo  carefully  studied,  cheei  fully  and  persevcringly  practiced. 
Each  lesson  should  be  thoroughly  mastered.     "  Nu  excel- 
lence without  labor,"  r 

First,  you  will  please  write  a  sample,  showing  the  pres- 
ent condition  of  your  handwriting.  Please  do  this  without 
looking  at  any  copy.  We  suggest  the  following  matter  as 
:)uitable:  Specimen  of  my  plain  penmanship;  Alphabet  of 

6,c,  etc.  Alpha- 
bet of  capital 
letters:  A,  B, 
C,etc.,  The  fig- 
ures: 0,  1,  2, 
up  to  nine.  The 
(ullowiug  verse : 


'^^t^t^^^Ji^t^e^^^^-d^  yt:^yL^^ 


,^u-^z^n<zy^ri'^^'^'n^ 


64y. 


/ 


T 


lA 


OU^f'yz^t-M^yf^. 


(CK^^i^^ytr^^CZ^^tfe^'i-^'i.i^^iM^y. 


/cT 

/I/ 

^tP 

<ext,  yonr 
lame  and  the 
late  of  writing. 

Preserve 
Ydub 

Specimen, 
md  as  yoo  go 


An  r  Joi  Kvvi. 


coarse,  try  it  over,  again  and 
iLgaia,  aiming  to  impiove  each 
and  every  lelter,  word  and 
figure. 

When  you  are  through  with 
tlio  courtte  of  lesaona,  a  com- 
parison of  first  and  last  speci- 
mens will  show  your  progroBs; 
but  we  trtiet  that  ere  the  fiDal 
test  is  made,  yuur  friends  and 
acqiiaiDtauces  will  have  occa- 
Bion  t"  uoto  your  progress  as 
hIiowd  in  yuiir  correfipnudeDco 
Hud  other  chirographic  work. 

Material  for  Writinq 
nhould  couKist  of  Foolscap 
I'aper,  of  good  quality,  ruled 
medium  width,  (three-eighths  of  au  mch 
hetwc-en  linos )  j  Steel  Pens  that  will  make 
cleau  strokes  and  that  have  sufficient 
lluxibility  to  shade  small  t's  and  p's ;  Ink 
that  is  oloan,  flows  freely,  and  has  a  distinct 
black  or  blue  shade  as  it  flows  from  the  pen. 
Keep  the  ink  corked  when  not  in  use.  A 
piece  of  Moiling -pa])er  and  a  pen -wiper 
may  be  added  to  ttio  outfit.  These  articles 
ahouhl  at  all  times  be  in  order  for  use. 

I'be  page-  written  in  practice  upon  each 
of  the  lessons  ought  to  be  dated,  properly 
uiimhered,  and  preserved  throughout  the 
fourae.  Ouo  is  more  likely  to  do  well  that 
which  he  iuteuda  to  preserve.  Aimless  scrib- 
bling, which  oLc  hastens  to  throw  into  the 
waste-basket,  U  a  positive  injury :  it  engen- 
ders bad  habits  of  mind  and  hand,  and  is  "a 
waate  of  precious  time  and  valuable  material. 

Tub  Pen-Picture 

is  here  introdufcil  as  a  frontispiece  to  our 
course  of  iustructions.  It  is  photo- on gravpd 
from  a  pi-n-drawiog  from  the  hand  of  Lyman 
P.  Speueer,  the  youngest  of  the  five  Spencer 
Brothers.  It  illustrates  correctly  what  is 
sometimes  designated  the  "  Accountant's 
Position  at  Desk" — a  position  adapted  to 
writing  upon  large  books  which  cannot  well 
be  placed  obliquely  upon  the  desk  or  table 
aa  we  would,  ordinarily,  place  paper  for 
writing.  (Position  and  pen-holding,  will 
form  a  part  of  our  next  lesson.)  The  view 
from  the  window  iu  the  picture  suggests  the 
relation  which  the  pen  hears  to  commerce 
and  civilization. 

Tub  Script  Alphabets 

are  presented  aa  mudfls  for  practice.  Each 
learuei  has,  iu  greater  or  less  degree,  the 
faculy  <.f  imitat.oo,  and  hy  the  exercise  of 
this  faculty,  with  some  study,  an  important 
advance-,^t('p  may  be  immcdiutely  gained, 
and  the  student  enabled  to  iueoriiorate  into 
his  handwriting  the  standard  forms  of  let- 
ters, iu  their  general  features,  fn.m  the  be- 
ginuing  of  his  course,  and  not  be  left  for  a 
considerable  period  of  time,  with  a  mixed 
hand,  composed  of  old  and  new  in  con- 
Btautly  varying  proportions. 

How  to  Practice. 
Assume  your  own  usual  position  for  writiog 
(wedonot  leach  position  at  this  stage);  bring 
the  alphabet  before  you  for  a  copy;  hold  your 
B-sixteenth  of  an  inch  above 


»  pkoto  engraxed  froi 


Willw 


I  and  Packa  da  On 


Tie  otttftjal  was  Hounal td  hy  I    D   Wtlliamt 


[Co. 


pen  about 


the  first  letter,  a,  and  form  it  in  the  air, 
counting  the  strokes  couaecutively — one,two 
three,  four,  five;  then  close  your  eyes  and 
make  the  letter  in  the  air  from  the  model 
seen  with  your  "  mind's  eye";  this  fixes  the 
form  upon  the  mental  tablet.  We  designate 
the  process:  mental  photography.  Now 
transfer  from  mind  to  paper;  and  as  you 
write,count  your  strokes,  to  secure  reguhirity 
of  movement — also  to  make  ."ure  that  no 
strokes  are  omitted.  Write  the  a  as  many 
times  as  it  contains  strokes;  then  take  the  b 
in  the  same  manner;  and  persevere  with  thin 
method  of  practice  until  you  have  done  all 
the  small  and  capital  letters. 

Aids  to  Practice. 

If  you  do  not  succeed  iu  making  your  let- 
ters the  same  size  as  the  copy, with  ruler  and 
pencil  rule  Hues  to  regulate  heights  and 
lengths  as  shown  by  the  copy  of  alpha- 
bets. Such  ruling  is  called  a  "  writing 
scale"  — it  has  six  lines  and  five  equal 
spaces — each  space  being  oue-ninih  of  an 
inch  in  ,  height.  A  correctly  ruled  scale 
will  be  found  an  excellent  aid  to  the  am- 
bitious learner,  who  will  ho  guided  by  the 
lines  and  spaces  as  ho  proceeds  with  his 
practice  upon  tho  standard  letters.* 

If  you  find  that  you  do  not  get  your  let- 
ters upon  the  same  slant  as  the  copy,  guide- 
lines may  be  ruled  upon  yuur  page  to  regu- 
late slant.  This  can  be  done  by  placing 
your  paper  sj  that  its  upper  or  top  edge 
will  be  even  with  the  lower  line  of  the  scale 
of  small  letters  iu  your  copy;  then,  placiug 
one  end  of  your  ruler,  with  its  edge  adjusted 
to  the  slant  of  the  6,  d  or  /,  and  projecting 
down  upon  your  writing-page,  you  can  rule 
a  long  line  on  correct  slant  hy  tho  left  edge 
of  the  ruler ;  then  auother  by  tlie  right  edge ; 
and  moving  the  ruler  to  the  right,  once  its 
width,  for  each  slant-line,  continue  ruling 
until  the  page  is  prepared.  These  "  Slant- 
guides"  will  regulate  the  slant  of  the  body 
strokes  of  the  letters.  With  the  aid  of  the 
"  Writing-scale,"  the  "  Slant-guides,"  and 
"Mental  Photography,"  together  with  count- 
ing strokes,  and  if  the  learner  will  go  all 
over  the  alphabets  again  and  again  until  the  |  ing  her  v 
forma  of  the  letters  are  familiar  to  eye  and  j  State— thi 
hand,  he  will  surely  make  great  progress  in  $35.45  paid 
practical  writing. 


We  give  the  Cash-book  form  herewith  to 
show  the  adaptability  of  this  style  of  writ- 
ing to  business  use. 

In  our  next  will  be  presented  new  and 
complete  illustrations,  and  instructions  in 
position  at  desk,  pen-holding,  movements 
and  principles. 


Kducational  Notes. 

:iicatioiis  foc  this  Departnieut  may 
d  to  B.  F.  KELLEV,a05  Broadway, 
Brief  educutiunal  itemH  oulicitttd.] 


UbiUU 


OJOI'B 


New  Hampshire  has  a  c 

Four  of  the  county-schonl  superintciidpntaof 
Kansas  are  women. 

Full  drfss  aud  ^'owns  is  the  order  for  Com- 
mencement speakers  at  Harvard. 

Washington  UniPeraity,  nt  St.  Louis,  has 
1,285  Btudeuts  aud  eighty  prot«8noi-8. 

Schools  in  China  open  at  snurise  aud  close  at 
5  P,  M.    There  is  a  short  recess  at  midday. 

Mr.  John  F.  Slater,  of  Norwich,  Couu.,  has 
given  81.000,000  for  the  education  of  the  colored 
people  of  tilt!  South. 

There  are  OHO  young  women  pursuing  higher 
couraes  of  study  iu  St.  Petersburg,  of  whom, 
610  are  of  noble  birth. 

Prof.  Greene,  the  firal  colored  gi'aduBte  of 
Harvard,  ie  talked  of  for  President  of  Howard 
College,  Washington,  D.  C. 

By  a  vote  of  VS  to  12  the  Board  ..f  Harvard 
College  declarea  its  Huwillingneda  to  train 
female  doctors  in  its  medical  school. 

Amhersl  College  has  lost  Walker  Hall  by 
fire.  The  building  conrained  a  valuable  col- 
lection of  minerals,  and  the  loss  is  about 
$135,000. 

By  the  sale  of  the  Willislon  mills,  Amherst 
College  receives  Sl(JO,OuO,  and  the  Williaton 
Seminary  $200,000,  according  to  the  will  of 
Samuel  Willisloa. 

Miss  Calista  C.  Kinne,  now  living  in  Oswego, 
N.  Y,,  in  her  eightieth  year  is  claimed  to  be  the 
oldest  lady  school-teacher  in  the  State.  She 
commenced  lier  vocation  in  Worcester,  Olsego 
County,  at  the  age  of  sixteen. 

Maine  carries  the  uuenvidble  record  of  pay- 
teachers  less    than  any  other 
1    average    of  $17.04,   against 
male-tracbers,    which   is  little 
enough  for  anybody  that  has  a  soul  fit  for  a 
pedagogue. 

As  regards  illiteracy,  the  Sandwich  Islands 
outrank   European  ootmtriea  and  the  United 


States.  On  the  Island  not  ten 
inhabitants,  over  twenty  years 
of  age,  are  to  be  found  ignorant 
of  read  ng,  writing  aud  spelling. 
Engl  sh  is  not  taught  in  the  pub- 
lic schools,  but  in  private 
schools  of  higher  grades. 

President  McCosh,  of  Prince- 
ton lately  remarked  that  there 
"  a  de  rease  in  the  number  iif 
college  gmdoates  who  go  into 
tl  e  m  n  etry,  and  the  Rev.  I.ynian 
Abbott  adds:  "There  in  a  de- 
ciease  in  the  quality.  Some  of 
the  best  men  go  into  the  miuis- 
tiy  but  the  average,  whether 
measured  by  the  popular  stand- 
ards of  college  classes  or  by 
recitat  tn,  is  not  high." 
Among  the  tangiingen  of  civilized  nations 
English  is  the  most  widely  spread.  It  is  the 
nioilier-tongue  cf  about  80,000,000  people; 
German,  ot  between  50,000,000  and  50,000,000  ; 
Fmich,  of  between  40,000,000  and  50,000,000  ; 
Spanish,  of  40,000,000  ;  Italian,  of  28,000,000, 
and  Russian,  of  between  55,000,000  and  (30,- 
000,00((. 

At  the  school  of  the  nobles  in  Tokio,  Japan, 
is  a  physical  map— 300  or  400  feet  long,  of  the 
country,  in  the  court  behind  the  achool  build- 
ing. This  map,  or  model,  is  reade  of  turf  dmi 
rock,  aud  is  bordered  with  pebbles,  which  louk, 
at  a  little  distance,  eo  much  like  water.  Every 
'eproduced  in  this 
:1  longitude  are  iiidicnted 
tid   tablets  show  the  posi- 


model.     Latitudi 
liy  telegraph  wir 


I  of  c 


The 


ng  of  the  MassachusettK 
Society  for  the  Promotion  of  the  University 
Education  of  Women,  was  held  in  Boston  re- 
cently. The  formal  report  declares  that  the 
success  of  the  Society's  work  is  gratifying. 
Stale  Universities  and  many  prnfeneional 
schools  and  colleges  offer  openly  their  ad- 
vantages to  women,  and  the  more  coilBe^vuIive 
institutions  are  lieginniug  to  realize  tliat  the 
world  does  not  stand  still.  The  MassachuaeltH 
Institute  of  Technology  last  summer  gave  tii 
two  young  w.imen   the   degree  of  Bachelor  of 


that  I 


nlliiig  t 


Educational  Fancies. 

Education  is  a  good  thing  enough;  but  the 
ignorant  man  makes  his  mark  first  in  the  world. 
— .V.  O.  I'icaynne, 

"  Do  you  know  who  built  the  ark  V  asked  a 
Sunday-school  teacher  of  a  little  street  arab; 
aud  the  little  fellow  replied,  "  Naw  \ " 

"  What  is  the  femiume  of  tailor  t"  asked  a 
teacher  of  a  class  in  grammar.  "  Drecsiuaker," 
was  the  prompt  reply  of  a  bright-eyed  little 

Sunday-pcbool  teacher,  to  Jimroie:  ■'  What 
did  your  sponsors  then  do  for  you  f  "  Jimmie, 
with    readiness :      "  Nolhin',   either    llien    or 

A  little  girl  defining  "  bearing  false  witness 
against  thy  neigbborV  said:  "It  was  when 
nobody  did  nothing,  and  somebody  went  and 
told  of  it." 

"  What  is  the  highest  order  of  animal  crea- 
tion f "  asked  a  New  York  teacher  of  one  of 
her  pupils.     "  Jumbo,"  was  the  confident  and 

New  college  joke :— Professor  says  :  "  Time 
is  money  ;  how  do  you  prove  it  t  "    Student 


^^«p^ 


■.y?» :  "  Wfll.  if  you  give  twenty-five  cents  to 
I  I  otip1«  of  tramps,  that  is  a  quarter  to  two." 

'  Will  tbe  buy  wlio  ltir«\v  tbat  pepper  ou  thv 
-tove  come  up  here  and  get  a  present  of  a  Dice 
lien-  bookt"  eaid  a  flcliool  euperinlendent  in 
Iowa;  but  the  boy  never  moved.  He  was  a 
far-aeeing  boy. 
Arithmt-iic  :     If  it  tabea  a  boy,  twelve  years 

n,   ll.i„kK„rv I,   i.   difilance  of  seventeen 

1.1  lM■,^  inML'  -Mil  ir  rake  Iitu.  to  travel  a  mile 
.iiLiI  11  liair  i-i  ffi'  11  cirriia  procesBiou  f 

'■  Wliut  kind  of  little  boyit go  to  heaven  ?"  A 
lively  4-year-old  boy,  wiib  kicking  bootH, 
flourished  bis  tiet.  "  Well,  you  may  answer," 
"iiiil  the  teacher.  "Dead  ones,"  shouted  the 
hnle  fellow  to  the  full  extent  of  Itie  lungs. 

An  AiiHlin  Sunday-school  boy  wur  asked 
what  was  the  meaning  of  the  passage  in  the 
hilile  about  "  Aduni  earning  bis  bread  by  tbe 
hui-ftt  of  bis  brow."  "  I  reckon  it  means  a  fel- 
liiw  must  eat  until  thesweat  just  runs  off  him." 

A  peasant  who  had  half  a  cord  of  wood  at 
III-  (Irjor,  desired  bis  five  sons  to  saw  it  up  in 
"IkIi  ratio  that  the  eldest  should  saw  three- 
-rvcnths  and  the  youngest  oue-sixtb.  How 
ili'i  they  divide  the  wood  t  (Key  fur  the 
I.  etcher  only.     They  let  tbe  old  man  saw  it.) 

*  I'm  uol  going  to  school  any  more,"  said  a 
I  v ear-old  boy  In  bis  mamma,  on  bis  return 
ti  DNi  bis  first  day  at  the  kindergarten.  "Why, 
iriy  ilear,  don't  you  like  to  see  the  little  boys 
imigirlsV"  "  Yes,  but  I  don't  want  to  go," 
|ii  ihiel^d  the  boy,  '"cause  my  teacher  says  that 
ii'iLiorrow  she's  going  to  try  to  put  an  idea 
mill  my  head." 

A  wayward  youth  in  an  inland  college  per- 
i>i[i'iiled  a  bad  grind  on  liis  dignified  Greek 
l>]Mfes8or  the  other  day.  Called  upon  for  a 
Matidlation  from  Homer,  where  be  speaks  of 
ilu'Tiiijan  women  washing  their  clothing  by 
tliffiea.  he  very  demurely  i.sked  his  teacher, 
■  if  in  his  opinion  this  was  the  origin  of  the 
Tioy  laundry." 

I'iiton  was  in  great  foree.  I  got  biiu  to  re- 
iHsl.  my  memoiy  with  his  story  of  a  Dublin 
|ii  LitV-«8'ir,  who  said  to  bia  class:  "Gentlemen, 
I  III'  Hon.  Mr.  Boyle  was  a  great  man  j  he  was 
■  li.- r.iilier  <il- flK'NiiMiy,  and  uncle  to  the  Earl 
"I'  <  "ilv  "  ,  tiinii  vvliM  h.  eays  I'iiton,  bin  pupils 
^^"il'iil  '•"!  ilii'  '■ -iii^li'D  tbat  chemistry  and 

!  ie  was  told  to  remain  af^er  school,  when  the 
tiaciier,  trying  to  impress  upon  the  youthful 
iiiiinl  the  einfulnesa  of  not  cpeaking  the  irulb, 
u..ki-d  bini  if  they  did  not  tell  him  in  Sunday- 
Hfliool  where  bad  boys  went  who  told  false- 
hoods. Choaking  with  sobs,  he  said:  "  Yes, 
ma'am;  it's  a  place  where  there  is  a  fire,  but 
r  il.Hi't  just  remember  the  name  of  the  town." 

The  father  of  a  family,  afler  reading  from  the 
nii.rning  paper  that  the  cold  the  night  before 
waK  intense,  the  thermometer  registering  many 
iL't-'reee  below  freeziug-point,  said:  "Now, 
I  liil'Iren,  I  suppose  you  are  taught  all  about 
iliai  ai  school.  'Which  of  yuu  can  tell  me  what 
till  iVeezing- point  ist"  "Tbe  point  of  my 
IM1S--,  papa,"  was  the  prompt  reply  from  one  of 


riie  boys  were  being  examined  in  aetronoray. 
\\  lifu  it  came  the  visitors'  turn  to  put  ques- 
iiinii-,  somebody  aeked  ^^hat  the  conetellaiiim 
ii;  which  tbe  pointers  are  located  18  eallwl. 
I  lif  iiifaut  phenomenon  of  the  class  promptly 
,ui"wered:  "The great  dipper."  "  Why  is  it 
'■al  led  the  great  dipper  t  "  auked  another  visitor. 
■■  Because  the  goda  used  it  to  take  a  drink  out 
of  the  milky  way,"  responded  tbepbt 


The  "Peircehan"   Method  of  In- 
struction, 
lis  Application  in  Public  Scuools. 
Continued.) 
I  realize  tbat  it  is,  indeed,  a  difficult  mat- 
ii-r  ti)  present  ihruiigb  the  columns  of  the 
.IniTRNAL  any  directions  that  will  be  intel- 
li^i^ut  enough  to  he  of  general  use. 

It  liiis  been  uij  object  to  pave  the  way  to 
my  present  artiule  by  giving,  from  tnontli 
I"  iJiuuth,  views  ou  several  points,  and  I 
■^iiall  have  occasion  to  refer  to  them  at 
nm.'s  to  make  clear  my  position.  For 
"i-i.Mjre,  the  article  "  Pen-holding,"  in  July. 
N  ■  ?*I,  defines  my  position  for  children  from 
10  years,  and,   I  may  truthfully  add, 


idde 


ff  1 


accused  of  repetition,  l»Jt  it  be  re- 
ibereil  tJiat  I  consider  it  one  of  the  es- 


sentials to  a  teacher's  success.  Upon  sup- 
position that  all  my  directions  thus  far  have 
been  followed,  such  as  position,  pen-hold- 
ing, elate-ruling,  etc.,  I  now  come  to  pen- 
cils, both  slate  and  lead.  There  should,  Jind 
must  be  a  set  kept  especially  for  this  pur- 
pose, and  their  condition  is  consistent  with 
the  very  best  results. 

The  carelessness  displayed  in  this  one 
direction  alone  by  too  many  teachers  is 
enough  to  insure  failure. 

Second  Lesson.  Recapitulation.  Now 
we  are  ready  j  slates  ruled  ;  pencils  sharp  ; 
pupils  sitting  with  right  side  to  desk ;  pen- 
cils held  the  best  the  little  fingers  will  allow ; 
the  left-hand  holding  the  book  in  position, 
square  with  the  desk;  both  feet  together 
and  ou  the  floor,  at  edge  of  aisle  ;  the  work 
to  consist  of  figures,  and  each  pupil  to  be- 
grin  with  the  last  unfinished  work  of  prex-ious 

Now  the  class  goes  to  work,  all  knowing 
just  what  to  do  except  a  few.  A  hand  goes 
up  and  the  child  says :  "  I  wasn't  here  last 
time."  The  teacher  steps  to  the  board  and 
says  :  "  Now  are  there  any  others  who 
were  not  here  or  who  do  not  know  what  to 
do  ?  "  And  otber  hands  are  raised.  "  Very 
well ;  you  may  make  naughts  like  these,  and 
when  I  come  to  you,  if  I  find  the  work  cor- 
rect, I  will  give  you  this  figure"  (making  it 
on  the  board).  "  What  is  itf  "  Tbe  class 
answers,  "A  6."  Now,  all  are  busy  again,  and 
the  teacher  goes  to  first  division  and  asks  all 
to  stand  up  who  have  .=>  lines  of  work.  Per- 
haps only  one  or  two  are  ready.  It  will  not 
be  long,  however,  before  many  are  ready, 
and,  if  the  work  crowds  upon  the  teacher, 
more  lines  must  be  made  to  keep  all  busy. 

N.  B.  All  should  be  kept  busy  by  a 
stated  number  of  lines  for  each  criticism — the 
number  of  lines  depending  entirely  upon  the 
size  of  class.  Say  the  number  is  ten ;  what- 
ever it  is,  it  must  be  general,  so  as  not  to 
show  partiality. 

In  making  a  personal  critieism,  do  it 
([uickly,  and,  if  you  think  there  is  anything 
to  be  gained,  show  the  same  upon  the  board 
and  without  dealing  in  personalities.  Use 
the  board  freely,  and  do  not  hesitate  to  give 
the  same  explanation  two  or  three  times 
during  a  single  recitation. 

All  criticisms  and  explanations  should  be 
exceedingly  short,  and  do  not  commit  the 
fatal  error  of  ielUng  it  all,  but  rather  ask 
the  class  questions,  so  that  the  most  inlel- 
ligeut  can  answer.  Then  if  no  one  can  meet 
it,  go  to  the  rescue. 

Now,tl!e  point  will  arise,  some  will  work 
faster  than  others,  and  of  course  receive 
more  criticism.  Admitted.  Is  it  objection- 
able ¥  Certainly  not.  Again  someone  says : 
"If  they  work  so  fast,  they  will  not  do  the 
work  well."  Just  so,  and  this  is  a  strong 
poiut.  In  the  October  number  of  the  Jour- 
nal, under  "  Kiilea  Govprning  Class-work," 
you  will  find  No.  G,  which  is,  in  sul  stance, 
that  if  the  work  done  by  any  pupil  one  or 
more  times  is  incorrect,  it  must  be  done 
again. 

Note.  Let  it  be  thoroughly  understood 
tbat  all  my  work  has  been  tested  and  is 
worthy  the  name,  "Order  of  Simplicity." 
Pupils  will  soon  learn  to  be  careful,  because 
advanced  work  cnnuot  be  gained  without 
the  best  effort. 

This  is  another  strong  point,  viz.,  the 
wriggling  is  done  by  the  pupils  instead  of 
the  teacher,  which  surely  should  be  ap- 
preciated, because  the  anxiety  and  worry 
for  a  few  careless  pupils  ^vill  work  injury  to 
the  teacher. 

Many  pupils  will  not  do  their  best  unless 
compelled  to,  and  this  method  effectually 
secures  one  of  the  secrets  of  improvement 
without  a  single  harsh  word,  an  unkind 
look  or  an  undue  threat.  In  other  words, 
the  child  becomes  responsible  and  soon  un- 
derstands that  good  toork  is  the  only  pass- 
port to  advancement. 

Some  one  says  :  "  That 
emergency."  But  hold.  A 
cured  after  a  period  of  fuui 

upon  a  figure  4.  The  boy, ^.^  __ 

did  nothing  out  of  the  way,  but  took 
espeoial  pains  to  do  good  work.     I  said  but 


little,  and  at  each  lesson  gave  a  helping 
hand  aud  awaited  developments.  The 
grand  result  was  magical  j  the  boy  caught 
up  with  bis  class,  and  thus  tbe  cure  was 
effectual. 

The  criticisms  made  through  this  lesson 
are  similar  to  the  first,  and,  as  the  smartest 
advance,  new  points  are  developed  and  given 
to  the  class  tbat  undergo  a  series  of  repe- 
titions which  establish  the  grand  object 
arrived  at,  viz.,  a  true  conception  of  form 
with  the  power  to  execute. 

{To  be  continued.) 

Some  New  Geography. 

"  Of  what  is  the  surface  of  the  earth  com- 
posed ?  " 

"  Of  comer  lots,  mighty  poor  roads,  rail- 
road tracks,  base-ball  grounds,  cricket  fields 
and  skating  rinks." 

"  What  portion  of  the  globe  is  water  ?" 

"About  three -fourths.  Sometimes  they 
add  a  little  gin  and  nutmeg  to  it." 

"What  is  a  town?" 

"A  town  IS  a  considerable  collection  of 
houses  and  inhabitants,  with  four  or  five 
men  who  'run  the  party'  and  lend  money 
at  fifteen  per  cent,  interest." 

"What  is  a  city?" 

"A  city  is  an  incorporated  town,  with  a 
mayor  who  believes  that  the  whole  world 
shakes  when  he  happens  to  fall  flat  on  a 

"What  is  commerce?" 

"  Borrowing  $2  for  a  day  or  two,  and 
dodging  the  lender  for  a  year  or  two." 

"  Name  the  different  races." 

"  Horse-race,  boat-race,  bicycle-race,  and 
racing  around  to  find  a  man  to  endorse  your 

"Into  how  many  classes  is  mankind  di- 
vided ?  " 

"  Six  :  being  enlightened,  civilized,  half- 
civilized,  savage,  too  utter,  not  worth  a  cent, 
and  Indian  agents." 

"  What  nations  are  called  enlightened  T" 

"  Those  which  have  had  the  most  wars 
and  the  worst  laws,  and  produce  the  worst 
criminals." 

"  How  many  motions  has  the  earth  ?" 

"  That's  according  to  how  you  mix  your 
drinks  and  which  way  you  go  home." 

"  What  is  the  earth's  axis  ?" 

"The  lines  passing  between  New  York 
and  Chicago." 

"  What  causes  day  and  night?  " 

"Day  is  caused  by  night  getting  tired 
out.  Night  is  caused  by  everybody  taking 
the  street  car  and  going  home  to  supper.'' 

"What  is  a  mapf  " 

"  A  map  is  a  drawing  to  show  the  jury 
where  Smith  stood  when  Jones  gave  him  a 
lift  under  the  eye." 

"  What  is  a  mariner's  compass  ?  " 

"A  jug  holding  four  gallous." — Detroit 
Free  Press. 

Under   Cross-Examination. 

How  Witnesses  Are  Perplexed  By 
Lawyers — ^A  Sample  Case. 

Lawyer:  "You  say  you  know  Mr. 
Smith  ?  " 

Witness:  "  Yes,  sir." 

Lawyer :  "  You  swear  you  know  him  1 " 

Witness  :  "  Yes,  sir.'' 

Latcyer:  "You  mean  that  you  are  ac- 
quainted with  himf  " 

Witness:    "Yea,   sir,    acquainted    with 


Witness:  "Of course " 

Lawyer:  "Stop  there.  Are  you,  or  are 
you  not ."'  " 

Witness:    "No." 

Laipyer:  "That  is  to  say,  yon  are  not 
so  well  acquainted  with  him  as  you  thought 

Witness :    "  Possibly  not." 

Lawyer:  "Just  so.  Now  we  begin  to 
understand  each  other.  If  you  don't  know 
anything  about  Mr.  Smith's  acts  vthen  you 
are  not  with  him,  vou  can't  swear  that  you 


in't  meet  every 

lontlis  practice 
ingly  smart. 


Lawyer:  "Oh,  you  don't  know  him; 
you  are  merely  acquainted  with  him?  Re- 
member that  you  are  on  oath,  sir.  Now  be 
careful.  You  don't  mean  to  tell  the  Court 
that  you  know  all  about  Mr.  Smith,  every- 
thing that  he  ever  did  ?  " 

Witness  :  "  No,  I  suppose " 

Lawye)-:  "Never  mind  what  you  sup- 
pose. Please  answer  my  question.  Do 
you,  or  do  you  not,  know  everything  that 
Mr.  Smith  ever  did  t 


Wibi 


Lawyer:  "That'll  do,  sir. 
not.  Very  good.  So  you 
qnaioted  with  all  his  acts  ?" 


No,  you  do 


Witness :  "  If  you  put  it  that  way " 

Lawyer :  "  Come,  sir,  don't  seek  to  evade 
my  question.  I'll  put  it  to  you  again. 
When  you  say  you  know  Mr.  Smith,  you 
don't  mean  to  say  you  know  everything  he 
does  ?  " 

Witness:  "No,  sir;   of  course  not." 

Lawyer:  "Just  so;  of  course  not. 
Then  you  were  not  quite  correct  when  you 
said  you  knew  Mr.  Smith  ?  " 

Witness :  "No,  sir." 

Laivyer:  "In  point  of  fact  you  don't 
know  Mr.  Smith  ?  " 

Witness :  "No,  sir." 

Lawyer:  "Ah,  I  thought  so.  That'll 
do,  sir.     You  can  stand  down." 

Boston  Transcript. 

A  Singular    Fact. 

A  recent  traveler  in  Mexico,  who  visited 
the  mines  there  during  his  journey,  says 
that  he  was  much  astonished  at  seeing  the 
men  who  carry  the  ore  come  out  of  the 
mine  each  with  one  eye  sliut.  The  fore- 
man, seeing  his  surprise,  explained  the 
matter.  He  said  the  candles  belonging  to 
the  tarateros  (who  drill  and  blast)  do  not 
give  sufficient  light  in  the  drifts,  where  it 
is  consequently  quite  dark,  but  where, 
nevertheless,  the  tarateros  see  well  enough 
not  to  run  their  heads  agaiust  the  rocka. 
But,  on  emerging  into  daylight,  they  would 
be  blinded  did  they  not  take  precautionary 
measures.  For  this  reason,  as  they  ap- 
proach the  mouth  of  the  shaft,  at  the  point 
where  they  catch  the  firet  glimpse  of  light, 
they  drop  the  eyelid  of  one  eye,  and  keep 
this  down  while  they  are  discharging  their 
ore  and  until  they  have  re-descended  the 
shaft.  When  they  are  again  in  the  dark, 
they  open  the  eye  kept  hitherto  iu  reserve, 
and  at  once  see  everything  distinctly ; 
while  the  other  eye,  previously  open  and 
somewhat  blinded  by  daylight,  perceives 
nothing  at  all. 

When  the  End  will  Be. 
Prof.  R.  A.  Prortor,  tbe  astronomer,  says : 
"  The  age  of  the  earth  is  placed  by  some 
at  five  hundred  millions  of  years ;  and  still 
others,  of  later  time — among  them  the  Duke 
of  Argyle — placed  it  at  ten  million  years, 
knowing  what  proees-^es  have  been  gone 
through.  Other  planets  gotlirougliihe  same 
process.  The  reason  that  other  planets 
differ  so  much  from  the  earth,  is  that  they 
are  in  a  much  earlier  or  lutcr  stage  of  ex- 
istence. The  earth  must  become  old. 
Newton  surmised,  although  he  could  give  no 
reason  for  it,  that  the  earth  would  at  one 
time  lose  all  its  water  and  become  dry. 
Since  then  it  has  been  found  that  Newton 
was  correct.  As  the  earth  keeps  cooling,  it 
will  become  porous,  and  great  cavities  will 
be  formed  in  the  interior,  which  will  take  in 
the  water.  It  is  estimated  that  this  process 
is  now  in  progress,  so  far  that  the  water 
diminishes  at  about  the  rate  of  the  thickness 
of  a  sheet  of  writing-paper  each  year.  At 
this  rate,  in  six  million  years  the  water  will 
have  sunk  a  mile,  and  in  fifteen  million 
years  every  trace  of  water  will  have  disap- 
peared from  the  face  of  the  globe.  The 
nitrogen  and  oxygen  in  the  atmosphere  are 
also  diminishing  all  the  time.  It  is  in  an 
inappreciable  degree ;  but  the  time  will 
come  when  the  air  will  be  so  tiiin  that  n<i 
creatures  we  know  c^n  breath  it  and  Hve ; 
the  time  will  come  when  the  world  cannot 
support  life.  That  will  be  the  period  of  old 
age,  aud  then  will  come  death." 


e\T>g\*  t^-r***  ot  lb.  JOIIWAL  «nl  01 

ADVERTISING   RATES. 

HlngU  towrlioo.  25  c«nia  r«  ""•  i»<"ip*"U- 
Ipolomo  .'teTno'    tM.nO      llSlOO      llSOn. 

1     ■■     in75      »tno       woo       «"« 

]      ..         7M        ISOO         3500         650. 

^  A?l"'rtl«C^N'tor  on»"  ■«<!  I'br**  month*,  payah'e  '' 

LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 


PRCMIUM 


t»t.< 


^r^'.? 


,.„„„,„    „,^ .,„. _   _.        "^IflxM: 

"  Fl"iirt^b«l  EmkIp."  S^xIW  :  "  The  CeniPoii\»l  Plrtuiw  of 
ProBTTM  '■  ax-."?:  Of  "  Tim  n'mndlng  SliiR."  «»:I2.  Ftir 
12.00.  nil  roiir  » til  l>«  M>i>l  nllli  (lie  flnl  oopy  of  JOUKYAL. 

«nt.^rihJii*  •ncl.*ii.ir  K.  w«  will  mull  M  jarli  llie 
JninxAi.  rni-l  iwmliim  on»  y«r.  ■n'l  forward,  by  win  m 

men>  of  peninivli»!ii|'  etw  pnblbhed.  vix. : 

Th»  Miirrinarc  Cflmrimto ift*^'"' 

3  Stwcltiirn  AIii-Hb  nf  EnfrmMtod,  twh ILxM  In. 

Con^un'i  NoiTuial  8,v»lom  of  Leiterlflff 

F'T  Ibrro  nnrnM  nnd  IH  irf  trill  fiiririLrd  tbe  large  Ceo- 
tannliil  uHiirv.  2f>x40  in. ;  rHolU  for  n 

Kor  .pvrn  iiorri.-.  «ml  r  tvp  «il1  fonrit«1  «  oopy  ol 
-Wllllnm>&  l>»"hnn('.0>iulr";  rPO.lIo  r..r«.1. 


«ignwl  for  itiKrtiuD 
e  Order  or  l»y  nefns- 


e   ART  JOrHNAL 


iVMl   G 


r<.  by  lb« 
;-10NAI.  NEWS  COMPANY. 

■  —  Louilon,  Cuglaod. 

rlTMi  by  ]>niitnl4nnl  to  BiitiarribeTs  at 
WHH,  b«  iiujiiiviil  uutil  (ho  tuUauniniou 


K,  Ma 


ie82. 


To  Penmen. 

The  Convestion  and  Penmanship. 

Wbilo  a  very  largo  number  of  penmen 
hnve  ospre&.<('(l  their  dHtcnniuatioo  tu  be 
prrsent,  inniiy  have  uut  been  heard  from. 
To  iImiw  who  are  not  purposing  to  attend, 
wo  wish  to  prcseul  a  few  points  fur  ibejr 
coii-i.k-nitii.n: 

First.  Do  they  not  believe  that  a  well  at- 
tondcil  ami  properly  coutliicted  Convetiiion, 
would  i-edoiiud  much  to  the  general  wel- 
fttre  of  the  profest^inn,  nnd  individually  to 
every  uue  «ho  ntteudst  There  will,  or 
should  be,  prcBfuted,  the  be»t  thonglils  and 
experiences  of  the  strongest  represeniatives 
in  all  the  dopitrtmcnts  of  penmanship ;  tho 
most  experienced  authors,  best  teacher?, 
and  most  skilled  pen-arlists  will  be  there; 
and  though  <>ach  may  be  abouuding  with 
knowledge  and  enthusiaam  concerning  their 
specially,  they  will  find  much  that  will  be 
now  and  ioteresting  in  other  brauches,  so 
that  all  may  b"  the  ample  reeipicots  of  the 
overflowing  abundance.  Tims  new  strength 
and  in^piratioD  will  be  gained  from  tbe  com- 
parison of  ihouglits  and  w«irU,  and  esjiccially 
will  this  be  true  of  the  younger  and  less 
oxpcrienci'd  members  of  the  profeesiou. 

Second.  Such  an  assembling  will  establish 
a  mutual  acipiaiutanco  \f  nich  will  be  Dot 
nlono  mutually  agreeabtu  and  profitable, 
but  will  result  in  a  more  jciied  and  har- 
monious effort  for  the  general  good  and  up- 
building of  the  profession.  Let  every  pen- 
man be  present,  resolved  and  prepared  to 


offer  some  new  thought  npon  60(ne  topji- 
which  shall  bo  there  discus-ed,  aud  there 
will  be,  if  not  a  "love  feast,"  one  of  gnoil 
and  valuable  thiugs  for  peumen.  G",  and 
go  "  bcariog  (rood  gift*,"  that  you  may  re- 
ceive accorniogly.^ 

Answering  Correspondence. 

It  would  afford  us  satisfiiction  to  comply 
with  every  request  for  personal  auswera  to 
letters,  ppecimena  of  penmanship,  informa- 
tion which  we  cannot  give,  etc.,  that  comea 
from  our  thousands  of  correspondents ;  but 
it  would,  indeed,  be  a  hopeh-ss  ta*k,  even 
had  we  no  other  duties  to  pevforiii.  It,  do 
doubt,  seems  to  the  person  who  asks  for  a 
ppeeimen  of  penmanship  "from  your  own 
pen,"  a  simplequestion,  rc-ipcciiog  the  "  hop 
market,"  or  some  other  penmanship  matter, 
iliat  a  favor  so  slight  should  certainly  be 
grunted;  but  let  them  he  confronted  with 
from  fifty  to  one  hundred  such  trifles,  daily, 
and  they  wi.l  at  once  pereeive  that  their 
aggrfgato  is  no  Infie,  cither  as  regards  the 
time  and  labor,  or  expense  for  postage  and 
stationery,  necessary  fur  such 


The  Stadard  Practical  Penman- 
ship. 

To  persons  who  are  endeavoring  to  im- 
prove their  writing  at  homeor  in  scliool,  with 
or  without  the  aid  of  a  teacher,  will  fiud  the 
new  *'  Standard  Practical  Penmanship  "  the 
most  efficient  and  satisfactory  aid  that  they 
can  possibly  procure.  So  far  as  our  knowl- 
edge and  judgment  of  publications  upon 
penmanship  goes,  it  is  the  best  ever  pub- 
lished, and  also  the  cheapest,  considering 
what  it  contains  of  copies  and  instructions. 
It  is  of  a  practical  character,  both  as  respects 
the  stylo  of  the  copies  and  instruction  which 
accompanies  tbem  in  a  guide  of  fifteen 
pages.  So  sure  are  we  that  the  work  will 
give  entire  satisfaction,  that  we  hereby 
agree  to  refund  the  price  paid  for  it  to  any 
one,  who,  upon  its  receipt  and  inspection, 
w  ill  return  the  same,  registered,  to  us.  It  \& 
mailed  to  any  address  for  $I.(IU,  or,  as 
an  extra  premium,  free  to  any  one  sending 
three  subscribers &nd  $3.0U  to  the  Journal. 


The  Journal    as  an    Advertising 
Medium. 

Of  tho  present  number  more  than  twenty 
thon*aud  will  be  mailed.  For  months  no  ad- 
vertisements have  been  solicited,  more  space 
having  been  vidiintarily  sought  than  we  de- 
sire to  S|>nre  for  that  purpose,  while  a  largo 
number  of  ap|ilicatiou8  for  space  from  ad- 
vertising agents,  and  miscellaneous  adver- 
tisers of  paiout  medicines,  etc.,  have  been 
declined.  Those  who  have  once  advertised 
in  tbo  Journal,  unless  for  temporary  pur- 
poses, have  continued,  and  have  exprei-sed 
themselves  more  than  satisfied  with  the  re- 
sult. 

M.  B.Moore,  card- writer,  of  Morgan,  Ky., 
writes,  under  date  of  May  1  st :  "1  am  greatly 
pleased  with  the  Journal  as  a  medium 
for  advertising;  applications  for  circulars 
and  orders  have  been  pouring  in  by  every 
mail,  all  <.f  whivh  arc  due  to  my  adverlise- 
inent  in  the  Journal,  for  I  have  no  adver- 
tisement elsewhere." 

J.  E.  Sonic,  of  the  Bryant  and  Stratton 
Business  College,  Philadelphia,  inserted  an 
advertisement  in  the  April  issue,  to  he  con- 
tinued until  ordered  stopped.  To-day  he 
writes:  "  Stv-p  my  advertisement,  I  have 
got  a  bushol  of  letters."  We  might  till  a 
column  with  similarly  favorable 


The  King  Club 
For  this  month  comes  again  from  C.  W. 
Boucher,  Principal  of  the  Business  Depart- 
ment of  Nonhern  Indiana  Normal  Scbocd, 
Valpaniiso,  Ind.,  and  numbers  one  hundred. 
This  makes  an  aggregate  of  ten  hundred  and 
seventy -five  subscribers  sent  by  Mr.  Boucher 
within  about  two  years.  He  says;  "  Every- 
body here  wants  the  Journal."  Valparaiso 
is  the  banner  town  on  our  subscription 
books,   and   Mr.    Boucher    is    the   banner 


agent.  His  success  shows  what  may  be 
done  by  an  euihusiastic  and  live  teacher. 
Had  tbe  JouRN.\L  an  equally  6urc«*ful 
agent  in  t^vcry  town  in  the  United  States 
during  the  last  two  years,  it  would  now 
have  about  4,000.000  subscribers;  but  as 
the  differenco  between  those  figures  and  its 
present  subscription  list  is  slight,  it  may  yet 
be  made  op,  and  then  we  hope  to  be  able  to 
compare  figures  with  Bro.  Gaskell. 

The  second  largest  club  numbers  thirttj- 
nine,  and  is  sent  by  \V.  N.  Yerex,  Principal 
of  Londtm,  (Out.),  Business  College. 

Tho  third  cbib  in  size  comes  from  L. 
Asire,  of  Minneap'difl,  Miun.,  and  numbers 
ticcnttj-nine.  To  the  many  otirers  who  have 
favored  us  with  clubs,  we  return  our  thanks. 


A  good  hand-writing  needs  no  references, 
it  speaks  for  itself,  and  will  open  more  op- 
portunities for  profitable  employment  than 
any  other  one  attiunment. 

Wrongly  Credited. 

In  the  April  issue  of  the  Universal  Pen- 
man is  an  article  entitled  "Flourished 
writing,"  credited  to  Graham's  StudenCs 
Journal,  which  ap])eared  as  an  editorial  in 
the  January  issue  of  this  Journal.  Bro's 
Sawyer  should  be  more  alert  than  to  copy 
an  oversight  of  brother  Gralmin. 


Liberal   Prizes    for    Skilled    Pen- 
Work. 

Prof.  Thos.  E.  Hill,  of  the  Hill  Publish- 
ing Company,  Chicago,  inserts  in  another 
column  an  adveriisement,  in  which  he  offers 
several  hundred  dollars  in  prizes,  for  artistic 
specimens  of  pen- work.  Such  an  offer  should 
call  forth  a  liberal  response  for  the  skilled 
penmen  of  the  country. 


Practical  Writing  Lessons. 

On  another  page  appears  tbe  introductory 
lesson  of  the  course  to  be  given  through 
these  columns  by  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer.  In 
this  lesson  the  Pro'essfU'  has  very  properly 
devoted  considerable  space  to  the  setting 
fourth  of  bis  plan  and  ideas  generally,  re- 
specting the  teaching  and  practice  of  writing, 
fnim  which  we  believe  that  every  reader 
willseetliat  the  Professor  intends  solid  practi- 
cal work,  and  that  the  Course,  coming  from 
one  of  so  great  skill  and  experience,  will  he 
of  incalculable  benefit  to  every  writer  and 
teacher. 

No  Cause   for  Discouragement. 

Our  enterprising  cotemporary,  the  Pen- 
man's  Gazette,  evidently  is  not  a  stmng 
believer  in  Pcnmen'sConventions— certainly, 
as  the  saying  is,  it  is  not  taking  much  stock 
in  the  ccuniug  one.  In  its  June  issue,  which 
appeared  some  days  since,  no  mention  of  the 
Convention  is  made.  There  is  no  cause  for 
alarm  by  its  friends  and  managers.  In  view 
of  the  fact  that  the  Convention  is  not  to 
transpire  until  June,  there  is  ample  time 
for  a  glowing  aiid/zes/t  announcement  in  the 
July  issue  of  ouraiiacluonistic  neighbor,  who 
makes  nothing  of  seizing  Time's  "fore-lock  " 
a  mouth  or  so  in  advance. 


Subscribe  now  for  the  Journal,  and  be- 
gin with  the  course  of  lessons  in  practical 
writing  by  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer. 

Every  teacher  and  pupil  of  writing  in  the 
country  should  subscribe;  remember  that 
Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer,  who  will  prepare  the 
instruction— and  Lyman  P.,  who  will  assist 
in  the  illustrations,  are  teachersof  teachers  in 
practical  as  well  as  artistic  writing,  and  that 
such  a  course  of  lessons  as  they  will  give 
would  be  cheap  at  twenty  fold  the  cost  of  a 
subscription  to  say  nothing  of  our  premiums 
and  other  valuable  matter  pertaiuiug  to  tbe 
art  and  profession  of  penmanship. 


Reader,  if  you  have  a  friend  or  a  coires- 
pondent  whose  bad  writing  is  an  annoyance 
to  you,  do  yourself  and  them  a  favor,  by 
suggesting  that  they  subscribe  for  the 
Journal. 


A  New  Atlas. 
Aitentiou  is  invited  to  an  advenisement 
in  another  column,  of  a  new  ualinnal  Adas, 
by  John  W.  Lyon  &  Co.  No  library, 
schoot-rooin  or  business  office  should  be 
without  a  copy  of  this  great  and  valuable 
work.  We  spejik  from  observation  {having 
had  copies  both  in  our  business  office  and 
f-rivate  study  for  some  time  time  past), 
when  we  say  that  it  is  tbe  most  complete  and 
valuable  Atlas  published.  For  full  par- 
ticulars address  John  W.  Lyon  &  Co.,  205 
Broadway,  N.  Y. 

C.  B.  Burdett,  teacher  of  writing  iu  Bos- 
ton, Muss.,  says  :  "  I  see  the  usefulness  of 
your  Journal  more  and  more  each  day, 
not  (miy  in  my  own  labors,  but  as  a  pro- 
moter of  enthusiasm  amone  pupils.  I  think 
that  tbe  generous  columns  of  your  paper  are 
doing  more  for  good  penmanship  than  all 
other  forces  coiiibined." 


Clarence  L.  Smith,  of  Loveland,  Colorado, 
sends,  with  the  renewal  of  bis  subscription, 
that  of  a  friend,  and  says :  "  I  assure  you, 
I  atn  happy  to  renew  my  subscription  to  so 
valuable  a  paper  as  is  the  Journal.  As  a 
public  school-teacher,  I  take  aud  read  a 
number  of  the  best  school  journals,  but  I 
am  confident  that  I  receive  more  practical 
benefit  from  the  Art  Journal  than  any 
other;  it  should  be  read  and  studied  by 
every  teacher  in  our  public  schools,  and  I 
hope  that  tho  day  is  not  far  distant  when 
such  will  be  the  case." 


It  is  frequettly  the  case  that  businessmen 
and  firms  desiring  clerks  will  not  grant  an 
applicant  a  personal  interview,  preferring  a 
written  application,  which  affords,  to  an  ex- 
perienced observer,  the  best  lest  of  the  ap- 
plicant's real  fitness  for  a  position,  the 
style  of  his  writing,  composition,  taste,  and 
judgment  manifest  in  the  stationery  u^ed — 
all,  even  to  the  super'criptinu  and  affixing 
tho  stamp  upon  the  envelope,  tell  for  or 
against  the  v.  ritcr. 


The  Sprites   in   the   Ink, 

A   SKETCH. 

By  Paul  Pastnor. 

It  was  a  wild,  windy  night  in  March. 
Tlio  easements  shook  with  the  assault  of 
the  storm,  aud  the  twelve  corners  of  the  old 
gabled  house  shrieked  in  unison  as,  by 
thoin,  the  phantom  gusis  went  whirling.  I 
sat  at  my  desk  in  an  upper  room,  idly  dip- 
ping my  pen  iu  the  ink,  and  waiting,  with 
cheek  in  palm,  for  some  inspiration  to  give 
my  thronging  fancies  form,  and  condense  the 
vapors  of  romance  which  floated  so  airily 
before  me.  Thrice,  or  four  timef,  the  ink 
had  diied  on  my  pen,  aud  I  was  about  to 
pi  iUge  it  into  the  glassy  font  cuce  more, 
when  methought  J  hoard  tiny  voices  iu  the 
crystal  cup.  Could  it  have  been  tho  tinkle 
of  the  rain-drops  on  tho  pane?  No;  for  it 
had  stopped  raining.  I  put  my  ear  down 
close  to  tho  inkstand,  and  presto !  such  a 
piquant  little  chorus  as  arose,  in  all  the 
variations  of  the  treble  key.  Audience  was 
iuipussible  in  such  a  hubbub,  and  it  was  not 
until  one  shrill  little  fellow  triumph»'d  by 
mere  force  of  lungs  over  his  companions, 
and  put  them  to  silence,  that  I  could  dis- 
tinguish what  the  eprilcs  in  tbe  ink  were 
saying. 

First,  then,  let  us  hear  what  the  impish 
follow  with  the  penetrating  voice  had  to  say 
to  me.  I  was  vastly  amused,  and  not  a 
little  astonished,  at  this  chorus  from  my  ink- 
bottle  ;  but  soon  as  ever  I  could  distinguish 
a  particle  of  sense,  I  became  all  attention  ; 
for  I  had  iu  mind  to  report  this  strange  con- 
gress iu  a  bottle  to  my  good  fi'iends  of  the 
Journal. 

First  Sprite.— llaWOf  mortal!  Put  yonr 
ear  down  close — I  waul  to  tell  you  aome- 
tbing.  I'm  Pt-pperini,  the  inspiring  genius 
of  the  newspaper  editor.     I'm  the  most  im- 


•3nt  iK'ine  ia  the  world.  The  editor 
■  vf-B  tlie  worM,  and  I  move  tho  editor. 
WilPiicvor  he  dips  his  pen  f->r  an  idea,  I 
Tasten  inT.ietr  to  it,  and  whish  !  np  I  come 
niit  of  the  iak-hottle,  aad  splatter,  epiatter, 
"ji'.ishi  I  go  over  the  white  paper,  leaving 
iiianntr  of  etraogo  and  ehaqi  eayings  in 

V  track;  aurl  the  editor  goes  od  piisliiug 
]i:s  peo,  and  scratching  his  ear,  and  Inoking, 
oh  !  eo  wife,  and  thiuka  that  he  is  saying 
all  thc9e  fiinDy,  and  brisiht,  and  hiiing  things, 
when  it  ia  /alt  the  time,  dragging  hi.-)  dull 
pen  after  ine,  like  a  plow,  and  turning 
op  treasures  of  argument  and  wit  and  leani- 
iiip,  as  a  fanner  turns  up  etonrs.  Oho! 
wliat  prujd  and  foolish  creatures  you 
ni..rtals  arc  1  Jnst  as  if  you  could  do  nil  the 
\«  ISO  and  witty  things  that  you  lay  claim  to, 
1  V  yourselves.  Why,  look  a-Iiere— cuwy 
-'I'liff  iliat  you   do   ts  inspired,  didn't  yon 

ii'>\v  it  f  And  what  is  inspirMtion,  but 
,  iiiic  one  else  dtjing  it  lor  you  f  Yr>u  only 
]<neh  the  pen —we  sprites  in  the  Ink  guide 
it,  Yon  only  desire  aud  reach  after  the 
thought — wc  furnish  and  elaborate  it.  Men 
iirn  but  pup)  eta,  moved  by  hidden  wires. 
'J'licy  dance,  to  be  sure — but  who  dances 
'.^iTi  ?  They  talk  io  little  Punch  uod  Judy 
voices — but  who  is  behind  the  curtains  talk- 
iugfcir'ein?  Nr»,  sir !  you  mortals  think 
iiliDgcthor  too  much  of  yourselves.  You 
must  learn  to  bo  a  little  more  humble. 
\..w,  if  you  will  notice,  the  editor  (the  mun 
1  iiKinage]  is  a  little  more  subdued  thau  the 
ic!^!  of  yuu.  Ho  never  says '' 1 ";  it'salways 
"  we."  But  he  has  got  to  come  down  lower 
siill.  One  of  th-se  (lays  I  wUl  have  it, 
"  Ppppt-rini  says,"  or,   "  the  Sprite  in  the 

Second  Sprite. — Hold  on,  brother  Pep- 
peii„i_y„u"ve  talked  long  enough.  We 
nuly  juotiiised  to  keep  slill  for  a  couplo  of 
liiiuutes,  and  here  you've  run  on  for  more 
ilinu  three.  It's  my  turn  now.  Mortal,  I 
run  Ponip'idosn,  the  fi'^nius  of  tho  scholar.  I 
iiin  wonderfully  learned!  I  have  written 
licaps  and  heaps  of  great  buuks.  I  am 
jiliogether  the  biggest  sprite  down  here  in 
t]i«  ink-bottlo,  and  the  father  of  tliem  all.  I 
am  fond  of  a  very  shabby  manuscript.  I 
think  it  looks  wise  and  learned.  When  I 
catch  hold  of  tho  scholar's  pen,  I  contrive  to 
Itiiiig  up  whole  buckets  of  iuk  in  my  cloak, 
auil  I  spill  it  about  lib  rally  from  broad  uibs, 
.lud  even,  u-.w  and  then,  collect  a  lot  of  it 
iLto  a  puddle  called  a  blot.  That  is  my 
way.  1  know  overythine,  aud  I  want  other 
pp.iple  to  know  that  I  do.  The  hc&t  way  is 
to  spill  a  great  deal  of  ink.  Now  you  would 
1)0  surprised,  mortal,  if  I  should  (cU  you 
wIkiI  grcjit  fools  your  wise  men  really  are. 
Thty  thiiik  they  are  perfect  pnidigics  of 
Kitiuiiig,  whereas  they  only  know  what  is 
in  the  books  they  haven't  wriileu  themselves 
(which  they  will  allow  is  little  enough),  aud 
what  is  iu  the  books  they  have,  or  think  they 
have,  wriiteu  themselves,  wh'ch  is  still  less, 
as  I  can  avouch,  for  I  am  their  real  author, 
and  I  haven't  hegun  to  tell  half  what  I  know 
yd.  Why,  there  are  my  theologisis,  who 
iioiually  believe  that  by  writing  a  block  of 
hiioks  a  mile  long,  aud  a  iriilu  wide  aud  a 
mile  high,  they  have  got  at  the  meaning  of 
the  Uiblc.  P;:haw!  the;  don't  know  the 
A  U  C  of  apologetics  yet.  And  th^  there 
are  my  professors. 

Third  Sprite. — Time's  up,  brother  Pom- 
podoso!  Mortal,  lam  Ariel,  the  spirit  of 
SoQw.  I  lurk  in  poets'  pens,  aod  sing  the 
K<iugs  that  enchant  the  world.  I  am  au 
lUiereai  sprite— not  very  big  in  body,  but 
wiih  a  soul  that  strikes  the  stars.  I  love 
the  dt  licate  pens  of  gold,  diamond-pointed, 
that  run  bo  lightly  over  rough  liuon  paper. 
I  love  to  make  the  poets'  lingers  dance  at- 
tendance OD  m?  steps,  when  I  tlasb  up  from 
the  bowl,  iu  the  mood  for  a  whirl  of  fancy. 
J  am  the  singer,  he  is  tho  instrument. 
Within  him  he  I'cels  a.  spirit  stirring,  moving 
a  cadence  running  through 
a  faucy,  that 
will  nut  be  laid.  Tliat  is  I,  waking  him 
that  he  may  listen  to  and  interpret  me.  If 
he  refuses,  then  the  song  goes  unsung,  and 
the  poet  is  no  poet,  for  he  baa  oegleoted  the 


Mortal,  would  you  be 
wise,  aud  carry  in  your  soul  a  secret  unknown 
to  the  maw  of  men  t  Then  give  heed  to 
me.  Nothing  is  knoicn.  Everything  must 
be  revealed.  I,  and  my  brothers,  are  re- 
vealers.  We  whisper  in  men's  ears,  aud 
they  think  they  hear  us  notj  but  they  do, 
for  they  write  down  juet  what  we  say.  Be 
not,  therefore,  doubtful  of  the  written,  for 
the  written  is  the  inspired.  Every  man  has 
heard  a  voice  as  from  heaven  in  his  soul, 
and  has  ftrueglcd  to  give  it  utterance.  The 
great  poets  and  seers  have  succeeded,  and 
what  they  have  written  is  not  the  baseless 
fabrication  of  their  own  minds,  but  the  pure 
impelling  Truth  of  God.  It  was  given  them, 
and  they  have  given  it  to  their  fellow  men. 

The  voices  ceased,  and  I  awoke  from  my 
revery.  I  had  been  almost  asleep,  with  my 
head  reeling  on  my  arm,  aud  my  ear  close 
to  the  inks'and.  I  wondered  if  I  had 
dreamed  it  all !  Bnt  I  shall  never  know. 
Then  I  t<iok  up  my  pen,  and  looked  at  it 
with  a  revcreuco  I  had  never  before  felt  for 
the  begrimed  little  necromancer.  If  these 
things  be  true— I  thought — what  a  noble, 
yea,  even  sacred,  instrument  is  the  Pen ! 
It  is  tho  interpreter  unto  us  of  the  things 
that  are,  that  have  been,  and  that  are  to  be. 
It  is  tho  singer  of  sweet  songs,  the  teacher 
of  hidden  things,  the  guide  unto  eternal 
truth.  Well  may  we  acknowledge  our  in- 
dobtcdness  to  the  presumptuous  little  sprites 
in  the  ink  ;  but  there  is  a  higher  acknowEdg- 
ment  to  pay.  Let  us  dare  hope  that  there 
is  a  direct  communication  between  our  souls 
aud  God,  and  that  He  does  sometimes  in- 
spire the  wielders  of  the  Pen  with  thoughts 
and  aspirations,  pure  and  eternal  as  the 
source  fntm  which  they  spring, 


flourishes.  N<i;hiDg  more  aunoye  and  dis- 
gnsts  a  practical  man  of  BfTairs  than  such 
flourishing;  besides  being  a  sheer  waste  of 
time,  they  mix  and  confuse  tho  writing  even 
when  skillfully  exeriited;  but  wheu  made,  as 
they  usually  are,  in  the  loose  sprawling  style 
of  ao  imdisciplincd  baud,  they  are  an  intol- 
erable nuisance,  which  every  young  writer 
aspiring  to  a  rdlly  good  handwriting  should 
studiously  avoid. 

The  above  specimen,  aooompaoiod  with 
a  portrait  of  its  author,  would  do  honor  as 
an  advertisement  for  Professor  "Maskwell's" 
Compendium. 

The  Penmen's  Convention. 

SuccivSS  AssimicD  —  A  Lakoe  Attrnd- 

AXCK  OF  THK  ABLEST  AND  MoST  EXPER- 
IKXCED    TlCACHKRS    AXP    PEX-AimST8  CEH- 

TAix— Thk  Gkand  Objuct— An  Exchange 
OF  Ideas  Upon  Topics  of  Intkbkst  and 
Value  to  Earnest  Piinmen— Good  Fjsl- 
LowBiup  MUST  Prevail. 

To  arrange  topics  which  shall  embrace 
all  that  ought  to  be  considered  and  discussed, 
the  Committee  feel  that  it  cannot  be  done 
without  possibly  (uuitting  much  that  will  be 
suggested  by  others  when  in  council,  they 
therefore  defer  action  on  this  matter  until 
the  assemblage  is  in  sceeion.  One-third  of 
tho  time  devoted  by  the  Business  Educators' 
Association  is  Io  be  at  tho  disposal  of  pen- 
men. Besides  this,  at  other  hours  oppor- 
tunities will  be  afforded  whereby  penmen 
may  enter  into  discussions  which  are  of  in- 
terest only  to  themselves.  The  sole  deeire 
and  design  of  the  Committee  is  to  encourage, 
from  every  source,  everything  that  will  tend 
towards  the  improvement  and  advancement 
c)f  penmen  and  peumiuiiihip,  and  they  will 


Flourished  Writing. 

The  above  cut  is  photo-engraved  from, 
and  is,  therefore,  a  fac-siiiiile  copy  of,  a 
letter  lately  received  at  the  oflice  of  the 
Journal,  though  wo  are  happy  to  say  not 
from  one  of  its  subscribers.  It  is,  certainly, 
a  fine  specimen  of  a  pernicious  fault  which 
afflicts  many  young  writers,  viz.,  that  of  a 
too  free  use  of  flourished  and  superfluous 
lines.  Here  Is  a  writer  evidently  possessed 
of  a  free  movement  aud  considerable  skill 
fls  a  penman,  sufficient,  with  proper  care  and 
discipline,  io  enable  him  to  becomo  an  ac- 
complished chirographer;  but  who  utterly 
buries  every  merit  of  his  writing  <(ut  of 
sight  with  au  Intolerable  load  of  scrawls  and 


Among  the  multitude  of  matters  which 
seem  worthy  of  consideration,  are  a  few 
which  are  herewith  presented.  The  practi- 
cal tendency  of  the  uge  is  towards  the  most 
useful,  even  to  the  exclusion  of  the  beautiful. 
It  seems,  too,  to  he  a  gcnerHlly  recognized 
fact  that  the  styles  of  writing  prepared  for 
public  schools  are  not  what  is,  or  can  be, 
practiced  in  business.  It  therefore  seems  fit- 
ting that  penmen  should  unite  in  devising 
some  style  which  will  not  only  harmonize 
with  the  uiitunil  movements  of  the  fore-arm 
and  fingers,  but  which  may  be  very  legibly 
as  well  aa  rapidly  whtteo. 


Every  experienced  teacher  of  writing  has 
found  it  difficult  to  determiup  what  itistrnc- 
tion  to  give  to  a  class  of  pupils  composed  of 
ages  between  ten  and  forty,  each  of  whom 
writes  a  peculiar  style  difffring  from  all 
the  rest.  Ace  irding  to  published  systems, 
all  that  is  afforded  for  every  ill  that  pen- 
manship seems  heir  to,  is  a  few  principles, 
a  few  movements,  and  but  ouo  w-iy  to  hold 
the  pen.  As  many  of  tho  most  successful 
teachers  have  found  it  necessary  to  invent  & 
variety  of  methods  entirely  foreign  to  those 
published,  in  order  to  give  to  each  peculiar 
cajse  advice  best  suited  to  the  pupil's  advance- 
ment, the  Convention  ^ill  afford  a  grand  op- 
portunity to  exchange  such  origiual  practical 
ideas,  aud  thereby  greatly  increase  one's 
ahiliiy  to  supply  to  each  and  every  pupil 
with  a  line  of  «cll  tested  practice  exactly 
suited  to  his  individual  peculiarity. 

Perhaps  the  most  important  aud  valuable 
benefit  which  may  be  gaiued  can  result  in 
an  exhibit  at  the  blackboard  of  each  pen- 
man's method  of  pointing  out  beforehand  the 
errors  which  pupils  should  guard  again^t  in 
making  a  letter;  also  exhibit  his  original 
method  of  analyzing  and  presentiog  a  letter 
clearly  to  the  conception  of  pupils.  By 
such  an  exercise,  embracing  all  the  letters  of 
the  alphabet,  and  participated  in  by  each 
teacher  present,  and  the  dift'erent  illustrations 
noted  in  pencil  by  those  at  their  seats,  a 
.wealth  of  new  practical  methods  of  illustra- 
tion may  be  gaiu'd,  which  will  be  worth  to 
every  teacher  more  than  ten  times  the  ex- 
pense of  his  attendance. 

The  diflerenl  methods  of  penholding, 
position  aud  movements  which  experienced 
teachers  practice  or  approve,  may  be  pre- 
sented. The  best  inks,  pens,  holders  and 
materials  may  be  discuesed.  The  advantage 
or  injury  resulting  from  the  use  of  display- 
specimens  of  penuianship,  will  afl'ord  a  topic 
for  discussion,  which  will  bring  out  ideas  of 
value  to  every  penman  who  wishes  to  ad- 
vertise in  the  best  way  to  win  respect  and 

The  question,  What  is  Standard  wilting  T 
should  be  settled  by  this  Committee.  The 
origin  of  writing  hei^g  a  modification  of 
Roman  letters  of  uniform  proportion  in  width 
and  length ,  seems  to  be  lost  sight  of  ia  much 
that  is  published  us  models  iu  penmanship. 
That  written  letters  have  definite  propor- 
tions of  width  and  length,  which  shtmld  be 
recogciizcd  as  standard,  is  a  thing  which 
should  be  considered  by  teachers,  and  there- 
by stop  the  tendency  towards  distorted 
sprawling,  caricaturing  of  letters  which 
degrades  penmanship,  and  justly  subjects  it 
to  ridicule  as  well  as  those  who  leach  or 
practice  it. 

The  necessity  of  the  Business  College 
penman's  contndling  the  entire  work  of  a 
student,  not  only  during  the  wriiiug  hour 
but  in  Ills  books  and  business  papers,  will 
form  a  subject  well  worthy  of  dijCUf-sioQ. 

Flasliy  penmanship,  which  is  efl'eciive 
through  coutrast  of  light  lines  aud  short 
shades,  should  be  illustrated  in  coutrast  with 
that  which  is  eflective  in  consequence  of  its 
legibility,  modesty  and  strength. 

As  every  good  page  of  penmanship  is  a 
picture  exhibiting  good  taste  in  its  details 
throughout,  there  is  much  that  may  be 
said  concerning  the  points  tu  he  considered 
iu  conslruoting  an  efl'octive  page.  As  but 
few  write  perfectly,  or  ever  can,  but  as 
all  may,  even  with  imperfect  letters,  be 
trained  to  produce  uniform,  legible  and  tasty 
pages  of  writing,  it  seems,  then,  a  tit  question 
for  consideration,  as  to  whether  a  penman's 
success  iu  treating  the  mass  of  poor  writers 
which  come  to  him  will  not  be  greater  by 
toning  up  and  systematizing  their  page- 
wfiting,  instead  of  attempting  to  entirely 
revolutionize  their  habits  of  penholding, 
position  and  movements,  and  endeavor  to 
lead  them  into  exact  writing  through  the 
analysis  of  letters  aud  methods  practiced 
by  children. 

The  subject  of  flourishing,  especially  that 
which  relates  to  recognizing  nature  in  the 
designs  of  birds,  swans,  deer,  and  those 
objects  commonly  chosen,  also  the  rules 
governing  what  is  most  etfeotive  and  taaty 


Vh  I    JOI UN.VlJ 


in  the  tint*  of  lines,  obades,  and  tonche« 
which  add  U.  «-ffect,  will  bfl  an  iDlereet'iDg 
nubject  for  illuptratioQ  aod  disfussion. 

The  work  of  engrosaing  resolutions  and 
ji.b  peovrork  generally  will  afford  an  excellent 
titpic  for  preseotation,  and  a  goodly  num- 
ber of  the  most  exporieocd  pen-artistB  are 
sure  to  be  pretient.  The  design  and  choice 
of  letters,  and  the  genera!  display  to  he  at- 
tempted, proportionate  to  the  price  paid, 
also  the  rules  to  ho  observed  in  arraogiug 
an  effective  page — will  ho  of  interest  to 
many.  Hes'ides  this,  the  fieM  which  U  open 
to  penmen  to  compete  with  the  engraver  in 
producing  trade  and  artistic  desigos  for 
plioio-engraving  may  be  diecnsscd  by  those 
who  are  realizing  profit  from  such  work. 

The  work  of  teachers  in  public  nchools  in 
arranging  for  slate -practice,  trueiug  the 
grnijing  of  work  to  secure  a  handwriting  of 
some  sort  to  every  pupil  who  leaves  school, 
whether  the  skill  of  the  teacher  should  be 
shown  to  pupils,  or  his  efforts  solely  directed 
to  making  the  regular  teachers  do  good 
work,  are  a  few  of  many  things  worthy  of 
consideration  regarding  the  best  8ervi< 
speoial  instructors  in  penmanship  in  public 

For  many  years  there  has  lieeo  through- 
out the  country  a  frequently  expressed  design 
amoug  penmen  to  conie  together  in  con- 
vention, and  relate  experiences  and  discuss 
the  almost  innumerahle  variety  of  thoughts 
which  oeem  of  importance  to  penmen  and 
penmanship.  We  believe  the  coming  Con- 
vention will  afford  this  long  desired  oppor- 
tunity ;  and  we  feel  that,  even  from  a  selfish 
standpoint,  every  penman  present  will  find 
himself  abundantly  repaid,  and  enjoy  uu  in- 
terchange of  ideas  which  will  add  greatly  to 
bis  ability  and  future  success.  In  addition 
to  this,  the  pride  of  every  penman  should 
inspire  him  to  be  present  and  assist  in  the 

UetiideH  this,  there  should  bo  manifested,  by 
those  iu  attendance,  such  a  brotherly  regard 
and  good  feilowship  as  will  iaure  to  the 
advancement,  the  world  over,  of  the  pen- 

A-  II.  HiNMAN,  )  Special  Com- 
I).  T.  Amks,       \      mittee  on 
N.  R.  Luce,        )  Penmanship. 


direct  tho! 
modationi 


pL'ct  to  be  BO  thoroughly  posted 
and  rates  as  t«  be  able  to 
rho  BO  desire,  to  good  accom- 
s  at  from  $1.25  upward  per  day. 
e  interested  in  penmanship  is  in- 
be  present,  and  that  all  may  be 
rested  after  their  j<iuruey  and  be  ready  for 
busiuesH  (Tuesday),  it  is  hoped  that  friends 
will  arrive  as  early  as  possible  (Mf)ndBy). 
and  meet  at  Nelsou's  College,  to  arrange 
topics  and  programmes  for  the  work  of  the 

If  I  can  bo  of  ser\'ico  to  any  intending 
visitor,  I  shall  be  pleased  to  receive  a  liue 
addressed  to  me,  care  of  Nelson's  College, 
Cincinnati,  during  the  week  previoutt  lo 
June  6th.  A.  II.  Hinmas, 

Chavtnan  Com.  on  Penmanship. 


Editors  0/ Journal: — Among  the  many 
I  opios  for  discussion  at  the  Peumen's  Cou- 
let  not  the  figures  be  forgotten. 


Relai 


ve  jK, 


The  Sixth  of  June  Convention  at 

Cincinnati. 

Tlie  Executive  Committee  in  charge  of 
the  Convention  desire  to  announce  that  the 
prospecls  are  flattering  for  a  large  and  most 
successful  Convention.  Muuy  of  the  oldest 
and  ablest  members  of  tlie  profession  have 
promised  to  be  present,  and  the  most  enter- 
prising Managers  of  Colleges  from  all  parts 
of  tho  country,  and  many  leading  pennieu 
are  expected.  The  headquarters  in  Cincinnati 
will  he  at  the  Gibson  House,  one  of  the  best 
hotels  iu  the  West,  and  the  commodious 
Melofleon  Hall  has  been  secured  for  the 
meetings. 

Tho  Mayor  of  the  city,  Ex-Gov.  Noyes, 
late  U.  S.  Minister  to  Frauoe,  and  other 
distinguished  citizens  will  he  present  as  rep- 
resentatives of  the  city. 

In  short,  every  arrangement  has  been 
made  to  insure,  uot  only  a  very  plca&ant,  but 
a  very  profitable  meeting,  and  all  interested 
in  Business  Colleges,  and  all  penmen  should 
consider  it  a  duty,  as  well  as  a  pleasure,  to 
unite  in  these  efforts  to  place  the  profession 
on  a  higher  plan.  A  wide  aud  most  im- 
portaut  field  is  open  to  us,  and  we  can  best 
meet  the  demands  of  the  titnes  by  suoh  a 
r<t-oporatiou  as  this  Convention  affords. 


Co, 


To  All  Interested  in  the  Penmen's 
Convention. 
Tliat  everything  passible  may  be  arranged 
to  iusuro  oouipleto  success  at  the  coming 
Penmen's  Couveutiou,  at  Ciucinnati,  June 
flth,  I  propose  to  be  iu  that  cily  neariy  a 
«eek  ahead  of  time,  to  engage  rooms  fur 
the  penmen's  meetings;  also,  to  provide 
tor  the  recepliou  and  aceuniUKHlation  of  such 
IU  «T«h  Btnppiug.places  pamded.  While  iu 


1.  When  they  should  be  taught. 

2.  How  they  should  Le  taught. 

3.  The  objects  aimed  at,  viz.; 

(a)  Porrn   ( taken  singly )   in    order 

of  eimplioity. 
(6)  Arrangement, 
(c)  Speed  (taken  singly), 
(rf)  Mixed  Bgures. 
(tf)  Speed  of  mixed  figures. 
(/)  Habit  established. 
Belie^ng  this  of  paramount  importance 
I  pledge  my  support  in  discussion. 
Fraternally, 

C.  H.  Peirce. 

Books  and  Magazines. 

We  are  in  receipt  of  a  book  of  3!)J>  pages, 
lately  published  by  Prof.  A.  R.  Dunton,  of 
Camden,  Maine,  reviewing  the  celebrated 
Hart  Murder  Trial,  which,  as  he  alleges, 
resulted  iu  condemning  an  innocent  man  to 
Slate  prison  for  life. 

On  the  night  of  Dceeinber  22d,  1877,  a 
Mrs.  Sarah  Meservey  was  found  murdered 
in  her  house  at  Tenants  Harbor,  Me.  The 
only  clue  to  the  murder  was  a  short  note, 
left  in  the  room  where  the  crime  was  com- 
mitted, wbi(!h  was  evidently  written  hy  the 
murderer,  and  shortly  after  the  eommission 
of  the  crime  other  anonyirums  letters  wore 
received,  which,  from  their  tenor,  evidently 
also  came  from  the  murderer.  Finally, 
suspicion  rested  upon  a  sailor  by  the  name 
of  Nathan  F.  Hart.  Specimens  of  his  wri- 
ting were  sought,  and,  as  was  supposed, 
found  in  a  log-hook  of  the  vessel  in  which 
he  had  sailed,  and  in  which  book  he  had 
made  entries.  On  the  assertion  of  the  captain 
of  the  vessel,  this  was  at  first  believed  to  he 
Hart's  writing.  Prof.  Dunton  having  been 
called,  as  an  expert,  to  examine  the  writing 
in  the  log-book,  and  compare  the  same  with 
the  writing  upon  the  anonymous  letters, 
pronounced  it  to  be  written  by  the  same 
hand,  and  so  made  an  affidavit  wliich  led 
to  Hart's  arrest  aud  indictment  as  the 
murderer.  _Subscquenily,  Pruf.  Dunton  dis- 
covered—as he  believed— that  the  log-book 
which  the  captain  said  was  written  by  Han 
was  not  written  by  him,  but  by  the  captain 
himself,  which,  of  course,  would  substitute 
the  captain  in  place  of  Hart  as  the  murderer. 
This  belief,  and  the  fixcts  upon  which  it 
was  based,  were  submitted  by  Prof.  Dunton 
to  the  prosecuting  attorney,  but  he,  as 
Dunton  alleges,  from  corrupt  motives,  pro- 
ceeded to  try  Hart,  aud  hy  the  use  of  per- 
jured and  corrupt  witnesses,  and  the  suppres- 
i  of  important  facts,  procured  the  couvic- 
1  of  Hart,  who  is  now  in  the  Stale  prison 
■ing  out  a  life  sentence.  Dunton  felt 
that  a  great  wrong  had  been  committed 
and  at  once  went  vigorously  to  work  to  pro- 
cure a  new  trial  for  Hart,  at  which  he  pro-* 
posed  to  aid  in  proving  Hart|s  entire 
iuii(.cence  of  the  crime,  and  establishing  the 
guilt  of  the  captain  ;  aud  it  is  in  the  aid  of 
this  effort  that  he  has  writteu  and  publislicd 
this  book.  If  the  statements  made  by  the 
Professor  are  all  true,  not  only  a  great 
wrong  ba*  been  done  Hart,  but  the  prose- 
cuUng  attorney  and  several  other*  connected  | 


with  the  prosecution  should  be  sent  to 
Slate  prison,  in  company  with  the  captain 
who  gave,  as  Hart's,  his  owu  writing  for 
comparison  with  the  anonyiiuius  letters. 
Prof.  Dunton  now  expects  to  be  able,  not 
only  to  secure  a  new  trial  for  Hart,  but  to 
produce  evidence  to  convict  the  captain  of 
the  crime.  The  book  is  decidedly  interest- 
ing, and  is  mailed  to  auy  address  by  the 
Professor  from  Cauiden,  Maine,  for  *1.00. 

"The  Packard  C'ommercial  Arithmetic," 
by  S.  S.  Packard  and  Byron  Horton,  A.  M., 
is  a  practical,  common-sense  work  of  308 
pages,  designed  specially  for  use  in  business 
colleges,  and  as  a  hand-book  for  the  count- 
ing-room. We  cannot  describe  it  better 
than  to  say  that  it  is  admirably  adapted  to 
the  purpose  for  which  it  is  designed,  of 
which  any  teacher  can  have  a  practical  and 
experimental  knowledge  by  sending  75  cts. 
to  S.  S.  Packard,  805  Broadway,  New  York. 
Regular  price  of  the  work,  Sl-50. 

"  Eaton  aud  Burnett's  Commercial  Liiw." 
Revised  and  enlarged.  This  work  consists 
of  18;t  pages  of  concise  and  practical  matter, 
treating  upon  the  subjeets  of  contracts,  sales, 
negotiable  paper,  ageuey  partnerships,  cor- 
porations, bailments,  etc.,  with  commercial 
forms.  It  is  well  arranged  and  adapted  for 
use  in  commercial  colleges,  academies,  and 
the  higher  grades  of  public  schools.  Price 
by  mail,  $1.J5,  by  Eaton  and  Buruett, 
Baltimore,  Md. 

The  PenmmCs  and  Printer's  Gazette  is  a 
large  eight-page  forty-eight  column  month- 
ly, devoted  in  particular  to  the  interests  of 
penmen  and  printers.  One  of  the  special  fea- 
tures of  this  paper  is  the  latest  description  of, 
and  lowest  price-utark  for,  all  goods  used  by 
penmen— like  cards,  pens,  etc.  It  is  one  of 
the  sprightliest  and  entertaining  of  oar  ex- 
changes, and  in  view  of  the  fact  that  it  is 
mailed  for  only  50  cents  per  year,  it  is 
among  the  cheapest,  aud  bids  fair  for  soon 
taking  rank  among  the  uiost  widely  circu- 
lated periodicals  of  tho  day.  Send  5  cents 
for  specimon  copy ;  or  50  cents  for  one  year, 
with  a  valuable  premium  desired  by  every 
penman. 

Not  Responsible. 

It  should  be  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  be 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns ;  all  communications  not 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished; if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  open  to  bim  to  say  so  and  tell 
why. 


It  is  ann<mnced  that  there  will  bo  com- 
menced, in  the  May  issue  of  the  Penman's 
Art  Journal,  a  series  of  lessons  in  practi- 
chI  penmanship  from  the  peu  of  Prof. 
Henry  C.  Mfjoncer,  of  Washington,  D.  C, 
oue  of  tlie  well  known  auihora  of  Speu- 
corian  Writing. 

It  is  the  intention  of  the  author  to  make 
these  Instructive  articles  superior  to  any 
which  have  heretofore  appeared  in  a  similar 
form.  Mr.  Spencer  possesses  the  requisite 
skill  and  knowledge  of  the  subject,  and  has 
been  generously  endowed  with  a  fund  of 
originality  which  will  enable  him  to  lay  be- 
fore the  readers  of  the  Journal,  many 
ideas  in  connection  with  the  acquirement  of 
a  neat  and  legible  handwriting  which  no 
other  person  has  yet  giveu  to  the  public. 
Every  teacher,  whether  iu  tho  public  school, 
the  college  or  the  university,  who  has  under 
his  or  her  charge  students  to  whom  they  are 
giving  instructions  in  the  art  of  writing, 
should  spare  no  effort  ju  securing  all  the 
means  which  practice  and  experience  has 
brought  to  light  for  imparting  knowledge 
in  this  important  branch  of  educati<m.  The 
young  man  or  woman  who  has  chosen  a 
calling  which  requires  the  free  use  of  the  peu 
should  acquire  proficiency  in  performing 
their  work  with  the  greatest  possible  ease, 
accuracy  and  neatness- and  in  this,  hand- 
some writing  will  he  found  oue  of  the  es- 
sential acccunplishments.  The  series  of 
articles  alluded  to  will,  we  have  no  doubt, 
bo  found,  by  both  teachers  aud  learners, 
worth  many  times  ihe  price  of  a  year's  siib- 
scription  to  the  paper,  and  such  as  will 
prove  of  great  value  to  all  who  avail  them- 
selves of  the  opportunity  the  lessons  will 
aHord.— rftf  Book-keeper. 


A   Comparison. 

Editors  0/ Journal: — In  the  January 
Number  of  the  Journal,  under  article 
headed  Opinions,  Question  Number  2,  the 
statement  is  made,  that  the  band  should  be 
taken  off  after  making  the  introductory  line 
to  a,  d,  g,  and  one  style  of  c. 

In  the  Mareh  Number  of  Journal,  a  seem- 
ingly conflicting  opinion  is  given  by  the 
most  worthy  editor. 

Let  us  make  a  comparison  and  prove 
that  the  opinions  do  not  clash,  thus  sotting 
at  rest  any  doubtful  minds. 

The  question  of  F.  M.  B.  is  uot  a  perfect 
one;  it  does  not  rover  the  entire  ground. 
It  should  read  "  Is  it  best  to  make  letters  a, 
**'  S  (g)»  ^r  without  taking  the  pen  off." 

In  tho  first  instance,  the  ({uestion  refers 
directly  to  the  introductory  Hue  of  the 
letters.  In  the  second  iustance,  the  question 
refers  directly  to  tho  first  part  of  the  letters. 

In  my  opinion,  both  answers  are  correct. 
Respectfully, 

C.  H.  Peirce. 


W.  E.  E.,  Menden,  Mich.— Who  was  the 
author  of  the  round  topped  J  t  Ans. — We 
believe  it  to  have  been  tiret  used  by  James 

G.  H.  C.,  Davenport,  Iowa.— Can  yon 
tell  me  where  I  can  get  a  good  glossy  ink  ? 
Ans. — Buy  any  good  blaek  ink  aud  put  into 
it  a  little  white  sugar  or  powdered  gum- 

A.  K.,  Baltimore,  Md. — Is  it  desirable  to 
use  a  gold  pen  iu  writing?  Ans. — Not  for 
any  one  learning  to  wriie;  but  for  business 
writing  there  is  no  (.hjection  to  its  use  ;  it 
writes  umre  easily  and  is  more  durable. 

R.  S.  C,  King's  Mountain,  N.  C— Can 
you  tell  me  why  some  penmen  place  two 
dots  instead  of  one  after  the  initials  of  a 
name  I  Ans. —  Probably  from  the  suppo- 
sition that  two  dots  giv6  a  greater  artistic 
effect  than  one.     This  is  uot  correct. 

C.  H.  M.,  Kansas  City,  Mo.— Your  first 
question,  respecting  shade  in  your  writing, 
we  cannot  answer.  Eirst,  because  yon  have 
writteu  with  a  pencil.  Secotid.  Is  there  any 
danger  of  turning  the  hand  too  far  over  to 
the  left?  .4»is.— We  think  not,  as  it  is  only 
turned  farenoughwitlidilfiei'ltyby  most  per- 
sons. It  should  be  so  turned  that  the  holder 
will  point  directly  over  the  shoulder,  with 
the  pen  facing  square  to  the  paper — the 
holder  slanting  about  40  degrees  from  the 
horizontal.  Third.  What  is  the  proper 
angle  of  the  paper  when  the  dtisk  is  in  a 
front  position  f  Ans.—^o  degrees.  Fourth. 
la  there  any  difference  hetweeu  positions  "f 
paper,  etc.,  at  a  sloping  desk  and  a  fiat  tableT 
-4«R.— No. 


K.  A.  Moi'gau,  of  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  eendB  a 
very  gracefully  wi-itteu  letter. 

A  handsomely  exeouted  bird  and  acroll  de- 
iiigu  has  been  received  from  V.  N.  Crandle, 
peuniau  at  Valparaiso,  Ind. 

H.  W.  Patrick,  penman  at  Sadler's  Balti- 
inyre(Md.)  BuflinesB  College,  favora  uk  with 
several  superbly  written  cards. 

A  very  haudsymely  written  letter,  ft  skillfully 
executed  flourish,  and  several  finely  wrttion 
cards,  have  been  rHceived  ffom  M.  B.  Moore. 
Morgan,  Ky. 

The  m(j»t  elegant  Bpecinien  of  pruelical  writ- 
ing received  during  the  month  conivi*  in  form  of 
u  letter  from  Prof.  Henry  C.  Speiictr.  of  Wanh 
ing(on>  D.  C. 

C.  F.  Piatt,  a  student  ut  Peirctr's  UusinefB 
College,  Kt'okuk,  seDd»  several  specimens  of 


ting,  i 


uied  Willi  bis  lefi  baiid,  which  a 


-paiuble. 

Geo.  C.  Clarlc,  n  etudeut  at  Currpr's  Bufij- 
i.o<)<.  Cullege,  HarnRhiirgh,  Pa.,  fvud»  a  ekill- 
fullv  designed  and  well  executed  spt'CiDiea  of 
liiuriiihing  aLd  ](ftt«ring. 

Vii  p]vgant]y  gott«n  up  poflt^r,  liihographpd, 
loin  a  p«n'aiid-tnk  dmign  by  G.  A.  Gniman, 
I  the  St.  Paul  Bu«iiiees  College,  htts  been  re- 
ived. It  is  iMly  and  well  executed. 
Among  the  young  wrilere  of  prominence, 
h>-n.-  are  few  more  deaerritig  of  mention  than 
'  W.  Rice,  now  permaaenilr  lorate  '.  at  Den- 
i*T.  Colorado.  The  epecimenH  of  written  cards 
ivliicb  he  iuclori'8,  uIho  a  specimen  of  off-hand 
li'iirinliing,   are    among    the    tineel    received 


ng  <h. 


lontb. 


Jfcuulifullj  written  letters  have  been  received 
from  A.  B.  Capp,  Heald'n  Bueiuees  College, 
Sun  Francieco,  Cal. ;  J.  M.  Martin,  GnlesbLirg, 
Ml.;  S.  C.  WilliamB,  Lockport.  N.  Y. ;  h. 
A-ire.  Minneapolie,  Minn.;  F.  H.  Madden, 
.li.liiiBon'a  BuflineaB  College,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Creditably  executed  specimens  of  pen-work 
liiive  been  received  from  Stephen  V.  ClemeniB, 
.Si.iithville,  N.  y.;  A.  G.  Ward,  Blair,  Neb. ; 
KImer  M.  Smith,  Cummiugton,  Maes.;  H.  C. 
Ohiik,  Titnsville,  Pa.;  S.  H.  Bolinger,  Ft. 
s.oit,  Kansas;  W.  E.  Ernst,  Mendon,  Mich. ; 
K.  .s.  Collins,  King's  Mountain.  N.  C. ;  J.  D. 
It]  inn t,  Rftoeland,  La. 


(;.  B.  Jones,  who  has  just  closed  a  course  of 
VI  jiiiig-IeeaonB  at  Bergen,  N.  Y.,  is  favorably 
iientioned  by  the  press  of  lliat  place. 

S.  H.  Bolinger,  teaclier  of  writing  in  tlie 
.iihlic  schools  of  Ft.  Scott,  Kansas,  is  highly 
iimplimeiited  by  the  press  of  llmt  city  for  the 
iriiiericr  5Ti(I  success  of  his  teaching. 

A    1     1  Mii:i...  penman  at  the  Gieat  \Ve«t-nO 
:i.^e,  Omaha.   Neb.,   sends  thirty 

■      .1  -..l.ii:'an(iget8"'Williani8'BandPaik 

■i  !-    tiet..^   iiiid  Guide."  and  "  Ames'a  Com 
iniiium  of  Ornamental  Penmanship,"  and  our^ 
lifinks  ''  thrown  in." 


The  Art  of  Letter-writing. 

rcmi  the  neccKsitics  of  our  Aryan  forc- 
ers arose  the  inventiou  of  fixed  chariic- 
iilyzed  sound,  just  as  the 
ive  man  had  represented 


tirs  to  represent 
uorcssitice  of  prii 
iil<-;is  by  words. 
Owiug  to  thp 


luperstitioDB  prevalent  at 
ilic  lime,  and  to  the  gratified  vanity  of  indi- 
viiliiala,  the  first  applications  of  these  eoin- 
biued  invetiiions  resulted  in  a  curious  iniog- 
lint-  and  inaugliug  of  faet  and  myth. 

Xeverihclow,  it  was  tliiis  that  history 
vLjHTseded  tradition,  and  that  the  gradual 
ti>  velopuienl  of  the  various  branches  of  lii- 
irnture  began. 

Letter-writing,  one  of  these  later  devel- 
opmenta,  has  been  ehosun  as  the  Buhjeet  for 
present  cousid'Tation. 

Our  object  is  not  to  consider  the  lengthy 
^■l;issical  epistles,  nor  to  point  to  the  many 
wumeu  and  nieu,  of  ni<ire  recent  times,  who 
have  excelled  m  the  art;  we  merely  call 
Hiiriition  to  ilie  growing  neglect  with  which 
the  subject  is  now  regarded. 

The  beginning  of  the  present  century 
ii.und  the  art  waning  from  its  zenith.  As 
il)<-  years  have  passed,  the  necessities  of  the 
HL'c  have  hecoiiio  more  and  more  tersely 
|ii.i.tical.  The  hardly  legible  note  has,  by 
ilic  power  of  the  postage-stamp,  nearly 
jibolislied  a  distinct  and  orthodox  branch  ol 
litrritture,  the    natural    pen    of  poetry  and 

I  lu.  The  letters  of  the  young  men  and 
u(  n  of  the  day  an-  seldom  fitted  for  the 

'  ^  of  the  critics  who  are  to  receive  them. 
I'Ik'  hackneyed,  meaniuglcss invocation,  and 
tin-  equally  meaningless  declaration  that 
precedes  the  signature  ore  redolent  of  what 

In  ordinary  conversation  wo  form  impi-es- 
Muiis,  perhaps  just,  of  what  onr  associates 
'My  are,  but  in  no  way  can  we  so  easily 
•I  lutialc  the  truth  or  falsehood  of  such 
['  ^sions  as  by  iuteihgent  letter- writing. 
!    ■  letters  we  receive  are  sure  t**  influence  I 


our  opinions  of  their  authors.  But  how  few 
of  us  think  of  this  when  we  ourselves  are 
the  writers. 

In  conclusion,  the  letter  is  a  species  of 
literature  in  which  all  educated  people  must 
indulge,  and  which  should,  consequently, 
receive  more  liberal  attention.  Let  every 
one  initiate  the  campaign. — Bughy  Monthly. 


Penmen   and  Sheep-pens. 

The  Kansas  City  Times  gives  an  account 
of  the  sheep-raising  at  Baxter  Springs, 
Kansas,  as  follows : 

"  The  sheep  interest  is  becoming  more 
important  each  year.  Last  year  Professors 
Wiswell  and  Spencer,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
established  a  sheep-ranch  on  the  border, 
and  although  it  is  not  yet  as  large  nor  as 
complete  as  they  intend  making  it,  is 
already  one  of  the  finest  and  most  thorough 
sheep-ranches  in  the  United  States.  They 
make  a  specialty  of  breeding  fine-wool 
sheep,  and  have  already  in  their  herds  over 
100  pedigreed  merino  and  cotswold  rams  and 
ewes.  Their  flocks  now  number  over 
2,000,  and  it  is  their  intention  to  add  to 
what  they  already  have  sufficient  to  make  a 
herd  of  5,000,  one  year  from  the  present 
time.  Mr.  P.  R.  Spencer  of  the  above  firm, 
is  one  of  the  Spencer  authors  of  the  cele- 
brated Spencerian  system  of  penmanship. 
The  sheep-houses  and  barns  upon  this 
ranche  are  said  to  be  the  largest  and  most 
convenient  in  the  United  States,  snd  they 
have  in  their  flocks  a  number  of  sheep 
brought  from  Vennont  at  a  cost  of  over 
8100  each. 

Dr.  Boyutou,  the  family  physician  of 
President  Garfield,  has  also  purchased  a 
location  near  Wiswell  and  Spencer,  and  is 
getting  everything  in  readiness  for  sheep 
M'hich  he  will  soon  bring. 

The  delightful  climate,  pleasant  sur- 
roundings, and  the  healthj^iviug  mineral 
springs  at  this  place,  all  combine  to  make 
it  a  very  desirable  place  for  residence. 


A  Spelling  Reform  Inevitable. 
Mr.  George  H.  Paul,  a  priiminent  politi- 
cian, educationalist  and  man  of  aHairs  in  the 
West,  has  juat  read  a  paper  before  the 
Fortnightly  Club,  of  Milwaukee,  demon, 
strating  the  necessity  and  the  nearness  of  a 
radical  reform  in  the  orthography  of  the 
English  language.  His  argument  includes 
an  ingenious  calculation  of  the  money  value 
of  tlie  efforts  wasted  In  teaching  American 
youth  the  needless  features  of  the  present 


system  of  spelling.  Whai 
destined  at  no  distant  day  to  have,  accord- 
ing to  this  authority,  is  a  new  alphabet, 
comprising  a  distinct  letter  for  each  of  the 
forty  sounds  employed  in  speaking  English, 
instead  of  the  twenty-six  misused  and  in- 
competent characters  that  now  pretend  to 
perform  that  service.  The  coming  system 
is  to  be  based  anew  on  purely  scientific 
principles  instead  of  on  the  vices  and  abomi. 
nations  inherited  from  ancestral  races.  If 
wheat  is  a  better  crop  than  Canada  thistles, 
there  must  be  no  compromise  with  Canada 
thistles.  Half  the  work  toward  this  end, 
Mr.  Paul  thinks,  has  been  already  accom- 
plished in  the  persuasion  of  scholars  and 
others  of  its  desirability,  and  the  remainder 
can  be  readily  effected  by  means  of  a  joint 
or  concurrent  commission  for  the  United 
States  and  England  to  fix  upon  one  of  the 
many  approximately  perfect  orthographical 
systems  that  have  lately  been  devised.  All 
dilficulties  in  the  way  of  propagating  the 
reform,  he  thinks,  can  be  surmounted  by 
the  introduction  of  alternative  methods  of 
spelling  in  all  authorized  dictionaries.  Our 
Western  verbal  iconoclast  evidently  does 
not  think  so  ill  of  the  late  Artemus  Ward 
for  saying  that  "  Chaucer  \njz  a  grate  man, 
but  he  kudent  spel." 


It  is  stated  that  there  are  now  over  200.- 
000  telephones  in  use  in  this  country.  At 
the  beginning  of  1879  there  we  only  1:2,000 ; 
a  year  later  50,000. 


VIM     .JOIUN  VI 


About  Spelling. 

Mark  Twain  has  his  little  fling  at  those 
peculiarities  of  English  spelling  which  re- 
tard the  proficiency  of  dull  scholars.  He 
says  there  are  one  hundred  and  fourteen 
thousand  words  in  the  unabridged  dictionary. 
I  know  a  lady  who  can  spell  only  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  of  them  right.  She  steers 
clear  of  the  rest.     She  can't  learn  any  more. 

So  her  letters  always  consists  of  those 
words  constantly  recurring  in  one  hundred 
and  eiglity  words.  Xow  and  then  when  she 
finds  herself  obliged  to  write  upon  a  subject 
which  necessitates  the  use  of  some  other 
words,  she — well,  she  don't  write  upon  that 
subject. 

I  have  a  relative  in  Now  York  who  is 
almost  sublimely  gifted.  She  can't  spell 
any  word  right.  There  is  a  game  called 
Verbariura.  A  dozen  people  are  each  pro- 
vided with  a  sheet  of  paper,  across  the  top 
of  which  ia  written  a  long  word  like 
kaleidoscopical,  or  something  like  that,  and 
the  game  is  to  see  who  can  make  up  the 
most  words  out  of  that  in  three  minutes, 
always  beginning  with  the  initial  letter  of 
the  word. 

Upon  one  occasion  the  word  chosen  was 
cofterdam.  When  lime  was  called  every- 
body had  built  from  five  to  twenty  words, 
except  this  y(mng  lady.  She  had  only  one 
word — calf.  We  all  studied  a  moment,  and 
then  said,  '•  Why,  there  is  no  I  in  cofferdam.*' 
Then  we  examined  her  paper. 

To  the  eternal  honor  of  that  uninspired, 
unconscious,  sublimely-independent  soul,  be 
it  said,  she  had  spelled  that  word — caff  I  If 
anybody  here  can  spell  calf  more  sensibly 
than  that,  let  him  step  to  the  front." — Ex- 
cJtange. 

Stray  Thoughts  on  the  Subject 
of  Money. 

The  only  medium  {or  mediums)  of  ex- 
change that  merits  to  be  called  money  is 
tbatwhich  is  issued  by  the  supreme  national 
authority,  and  accepted  by  the  same  at  its 
legitimately  decreed  exchangeable  value. 

In  despotism,  emperors,  kings  and  some- 
times oligarchs  are  the  supreme  power ;  in  a 
republic,  the  sovereign  people. 

.\s  money  is  the  measure  of  the  value  of 
all  labor  or  wealth,  every  man  ia  equally  en- 
titled to  a  voice  in  selecting  the  jiroper 
medium  (or  mediums)  to  represent  his  labor 


The 


aluo  of  1 


all  < 


are  exactly 
rcantile  aud 

ssued  them 

money  ; 


ferred.  No  gold  or  silver  coin 
eijual  with  regard  to  their  m 
exchangeable  values.  If  they  v 
the  monarchs  or  people  that 
would  not  long  retain  thera. 

In  some  countries  gold  i; 
others,  silver.  In  the  British  Isles  gold 
the  standard  ;  in  British  India,  silver.  Says 
Baron  Wabnitz :  "Mr.  Thomas  Baring, 
oue  of  the  heads  of  the  banking  honse  of 
Baring  Brothere  &  Co.,  bore  evidence  that 
in  London,  during  the  financial  crisis  of 
1847,  it  was  not  possible  to  borrow  a  guinea 
on  £00,000  in  silver.  Ou  the  other  hand,  it 
is  an  authentic  fact  that,  in  Calcutta,  the 
possessor  of  £20,000  in  gold  coin,  during 
the  commercial  crises  of  1864,  was  obliged 
to  declare  himself  insolvent,  because  he 
found  it  impossible,  on  that  amount  of  gold, 
to  raise  a  single  silver  rupee." 

Gold  and  silver  coins  are  the  only  moneys  ' 
^o^r  known  to  the  civilized  world  j  they  are 
armed  by  national  laws  to  represent  wealth 
in  the  countries  where  they  are  issued.  All 
paper  issues,  national  or  individual,  are  cur- 
rencies but  not  moneys,  as  their  functions 
are  in  all  cases  limited  to  merely  represent 
gold  or  silver  coins.  This  is  not  the  case 
with  the  latter,  which  alone  are  made 
representative  of  wealth  in  all  its  forms. 

What  has  been  the  eflect  of  tliis  limita- 
tion of  the  real  moneys  of  the  civilized 
fforid  to  gold  and  silver  coins  t 

That  is  easy  to  be  preceived.  Whoever 
can  monopolize  those  metals  in  any  country 
can  reduce  the  exchangeable  value  of  alt 
other  forms  aud  representatives  of  value, 
and  can  prevent  their  production 


by  witholding  the  stimnlu.s  from  labor,  as 
was  done  here  during  the  last  decade. 

Here  is  one  point  in  which  the  present 
pernicious  financial  system  greatly  affects 
the  interests  of  all  who  perform  manual  toil. 
It  is  the  function  of  money  to  measure  the 
relative  value  of  the  different  kinds  of 
wealth,  but  when,  as  under  the  present 
financial  system,  it  assumes  to  dictate  what 
that  value  shall  be,  it  usurps  a  power  that 
merits,  and  should  receive,  tlie  stern  rebuke 
of  the  people. — J.»ienca»i  Sentry. 


W.  W.  Waddell. 

Old  Mr.  Jones,  senior  partner  of  Jones 
&  Son,  considered  it  a  good  stroke  of  busi- 
ness when  be  had  a  telephone  put  in  his 
grocery.     It  took  the  old  gentleman  several 
days  to  get  the  hang  of  the  thing;  but  it 
paid   to   have   customers   order  goods   by 
telephone  of   him  from  a  distance,  when, 
before  he  had  a  telephone,  they  would  run 
to  the  nearest  shop.     Mr.  Jones  was  con- 
gratulating   himself    upon   this  the   other 
morning,   when  the    telephone    bell  rang. 
After  the  usual  number  of  helloes,  be  dis- 
tinctly caught  an  order   for  ten  pounds  of 
sugar,   two   pounds   of  coft'ee,  a  pound  of 
crackers,  half  a  bushel  of  potatoes,  a  peck 
of  apples  and   a  codfisli,  to  bo   delivered, 
but  he  didn't  quite  catch  the  name.     After 
several  vain  trials,  he  asked  the  other  party 
to  spell  it,  and  with  his  pencil  he  prepared 
to  write  it  down  ou  a  sheet  of  wrapping 
paper. 
"  Double  u,"  said  the  voice. 
Jones  wrote  it  down  and  said, 
"  Yes." 
"  Double  u." 
"I've  got  that." 
"  Well,  put  it  down  again.'' 
"  Y-^s ;  go  ahead." 
"  Double  u." 
"  Why,  I've  got  that." 
"  Put  it  down  a^ain." 
"  But  I  have  it  d<jwu  twice." 
"  Well,  put  it  down  three  times."    Jone.s 
sighed  and  wrote  it  again. 
"  A  double  d." 

"  A  double   d— that's  add,"  soliloquized 
Jones;  then  he  shouted  back, "Add  what  V 
"  Add  nothing.    Just  write  a  double  d." 
"This  is  infernal   nonsense!"  muttered 
Jones,  but  he  cheerfully  called  back  "  Yes, 
go  ahead." 
"E  double  1." 
"Wha-a-t?" 
"E  double  I." 

Mr.  Jones  stamped   on   the    floor    and 
pulled  his  whiskers  savagely  ;  but  he  put  it 
down  and  sweetly  answered, 
"  Yes." 
"That's  all." 
"All  what?" 
"  All  the  name." 

"  Then  Mr.  Jones  studied  his  papers  care 
fully  a  moment,  when  he  had  written  thus  : 
"  U  u  u  u  u  u  a  d  d  e  1 1 ,"  and  remarked  to 
himself.  "  Why  that's  confouii.li^.l  n.msense." 
He  then  halloed  tbrongii  llie  telephone 
and  rung  up  tlie  central  office  and  in- 
t|uired  in  vain  wlio  had  been  talking  with 
him.  Then  he  studied  the  writing  again. 
Pretty  soon  in  came  his  son,  the  junior 
partner.  Mr.  Jones  showed  him  the 
letters  and  told  how  ho  got  them.  The 
junior  partner  studied  them,  read  them 
both  ways,  looked  on  the  back  of  the  paper, 
and  finally  said  it  was  the  infernalest  bosh 
he  ever  saw.  They  showed  the  paper  to 
the  book-keeper,  ami  he  said  it  was  sheer 
foolishness.  The  big  clerk  said  it  was  ab- 
surd. The  little  clerk  thought  somebody 
was  crazy.  Finally  the  errand  boy  looked 
at  it,  and  was  told  it  was  meaut  for  some 
customer's  name;  thereupon  he  asked  Mr. 
Jones  to  call  oft'  the  letters,  as  near  as  he 
could  remember,  the  same  as  lie  had  re- 
ceived them  by  teleplione.  Mr.  Jones  did 
so,  wlien  the  errand  boy,  nearly  choked  with 
laughter,  said, 

"Why,  that's  perfectly  plain  ;  its  W.  W 
Waddell." 

Mr.  Jones  never  felt  such  an  immenst 
relief  since  he  went  into  business. 


Origin  of  Names  in  the  Week. 
In  ll.o  niusenm,  at  Berlin,  in  Ihpball  de- 
volfd  t.i  llic  Ncnhtrn  intiqnilics,  they  have 
tlie  ropre«onlalinns  fruin  the  iaols  from 
which  the  names  of  the  ilaya  of  the  wecli 
Me  derived.  From  the  idol  of  the  Sun  comes 
Siftodn;.  This  iJol  is  represented  with  his 
fsce  lilie  the  son,  holding  a  hurniog  wheel, 
with  both  hands  on  bis  breast,  sinnifjing 
his  course  round  the  world.  The  idol  of 
the  Moon,  from  which  comes  Monday,  is 
habited  in  a  abort  coat,  like  a  man,  but  is 
holding  the  moon  in  his  hands.  Tuisco, 
from  which  comes  Tuesday,  was  one  of  the 
most  ancient  and  popular  gods  of  the  Ger- 
mans, and  is  represented  in  hii  gannenU  of  ^ 
skin,  acccirding  to  their  peculiar  manner  of 
clothing  ;  Iho  third  day  of  the  week  was 
dcJicalud  to  his  worship.  Woden,  from 
which  comes  Wednesday,  was  a  valiant 
prince  among  the  Saxons;  bis  image  was 
prayed  to  for  victory.  Thor,  from  whence 
comes  Thursday,  is  sealed  in  a  bed,  hold- 
ing a  sicplre  in  his  hand,  with  twelve  stars 
over  liis  head.  Friga,  frcnn  whence  wo  have 
I'Viilny,  is  represented  with  a  drawn  sword 
in  his  right  hand  and  a  bow  in  his  left. 
Sealer,  from  which  is  Saturday,  has  the  ap- 
pfarauro  of  perfect  wretchedness.  He  is 
Ihin-viMgfd,  long-haired,  with  a  long  beard. 
He  carries  a  pail  of  water  in  his  right  hand, 
wherein  are  fruils  and  flowers. — Philadd- 
phia  Saturday  Night. 

Little  Johnny's  Conundrum — 
"  Mom,"  said  lilllo  Johnny  Periwinkle  the 
other  day,  addressing  bis  malenial  parent, 
"  what  does  '  reslbelio '  mean  t  I  heard  Mrs. 
Mobby  say  yes'day  that  you  was  a  desiiplo 
of  Iheir  leslholic  school." 

"  Zislbellc,  my  son,"  said  Mrs.  Periwin- 
kle," »B  she  fished  Mr.  Periwinkle's  red 
Haunel  hhirl  out  of  Iho  wash-hl^iler,  "  ia  an 
exiremo  love  of  the  beautiful;  the  too,  loo 
utterly  intense  all-bulnesa  of  everything  that 
is  lovely.  Ohl"  she  exclaimed,  clasping 
her  hands  rapturously,  "how  supremely 
divine  is  llie  Mudy  of  this  noble  science  1 " 

"  Well,  mom,"  said  Johnny,  "  I've  got  a 
(esthetic  conundrum  fer  yer.  What's  the 
difference  between  tliis  nut  I'm  holdiu'  in  my 
hand  and  an  A  No.  I  salute  from  a  William 
goal  f  (iivc  'er  up  f  Why  one  is  a  butter- 
nut and  tlio  other  an  utter  butt.    See  I" 

Johnny  studied  "  the  science  of  the  beau- 
tiful "  in  the  woodshed.— Free  Prtss. 

"Too  Too."— Will  not  the  modern  aes- 
thetes bo  somewhat  surprised  to  learn  that 
this,  ibeir  pet  sbibboletb,  is,  after  all,  only 
au  ohl  i>r..vioci.iliam  revived?  In  Ray's 
"  Complete  Collccli.m  of  English  Provcrb.«," 
lifib  rdiiiou,  Loudon.  1813,  I  tind  this 
proverb,  "  Too  too  will  in  two,"  (Cheshire,) 
with  the  explanatory  note,  "  Strain  a  thing 
too  mui'h  and  it  will  not  ho'd."  A  still 
earlier  use  of  too  too  is  to  he  met  in — 
■'  Siiue  which,  tlione  woods,  and  all  that  good- 


A  learned  man  is  a  tank ;  a  wise  man  is  a 
spring. —  ir.  i?.  Alger. 

That  which  God  writes  on  thy  forehead 
thou  wUt  come  to. — ^oran. 

Fifty  thousand  slate  -  pencils  are  made 
daily  at  Caslletoo,  Vermont. 
Herr  Krupp,  thegreat  German  gun-maker, 
is  so  pressed  with  orders  that  he  has  en- 
gaged 8,000  more  workmen,  making  the 
total  force  of  workmen  1:1,000. 


D.ii 


ilii^  day  with  wolves  and  thieves 
l:o  true  tliat  land  in-dwcllers  since 

" Legend  of  Contlanfie,"  catito  vi.,55. 
— Notts  and  Queries. 


A  Qu 


.  Manufactijrer.  —  Theodore 
Ilook.adJressed  the  following  lines  "  To  Mr. 
Hlaiik,  who  put  over  his  door  '  Pen  and 
Quill  Manufacturer"'; 

"You  pill  ulwrn  jour  door  and  In  your  bllli, 
Yuii  re  uianuthoiUTcr  of  )<ons  uid  quilld 
And  fur  th«  fint,  j-ou  noil  mny  tV«1  a  prldei 


«  quillB.  your  n 


■  uiuat  be  a  goMO." 


ItiBAiericui?opiilarDictiDiiarj,  SlJ^lj^i 


The  Penmen  of  the  Country 


Artist  Penmen 


Are  infoniwUhat  7 
ual'itnd'-Hllla  ; 
IbOOtn  preminmi  It 


MT  JouiWAL,  randy  lor  examinuliun  ud 

e-2. 

;  Riwrlmei)  of  penmanshi|\  or  ppti-drnwliig. 
.o«il,  th«  -ub]«ul  to  be  CI...S.0  l.y  ibe  .utfbl 

A  Prize  of  $300 


The  Subjects 


b)'«lSnI«p<)MCMg 


Penman's  and  Printer's 
Gazette. 

A  New  'iKADK-l'Ai'Fi:.  Published  at 
50  Cents  a  Yeaii. 
With  one  of  the  following  raluaWe  premmme. 
Every  pereon  that  r«ade  this  list  of  premiiiniB, 
and  tlnf  leslimonialft,  can't  fail  lu  senil  £0  tents 
\}j  rt;iurn  mail.  May  number  iiow  rt-ailj. 
New  goods  deaoribed  for  penmen,  %Yith  cuts 
and  pi  iff  B  for  tlie  same,  not  to  be  found  iu  any 
oilitr  medium.  See  the  following  magnificent 
premium.  Sent  frev  for  one  year's  Bubsciipliou 
to  the  tenman't  and  Printer  a  OazeUt, 

Woousocket,  R.  I. 

A  Large  Eight-page,  48-coIumn 

Monthly. 

Special  DEPAnTMExr  Devoted   to   toe 


(jAltD-WUlTKKS, 

With  a  List  of  all  the  Latest  Styles  of  Cards 
aud  Goods  ueed  by  Peumeu,  willi  price. 

SUBSCRIPTION-PRICE, 
ONLY    FIFTY    CENTS    A    YEAR. 

With  one  of  the  following 

Masnificeiit    Premiums, 

That  retuil  from  HIty  ci-ntB  lo  two  dollars  each. 


n  No.  4.— Tlie  Garfleld  Kfomorial  Pialure  (( 
n  No.  5.— 200  Gilt-edge  a 


l9xS4). 

linm  No.  5.— HW  Uilt-edoe  canli 

TriaoFpilar    Pen- 

OrieDlal  Needle  Casket — over  100 

U  While  Bristol  Cards.  Tor  penmeo. 

JUuld  iiuv«l  Cards  [tiirued  corner, 

No.  11.— SO  Patented  Elite  (gold  or  silver 

\'2.—\  Boob  (-How  to  Leara  Sbort 

1,-12  Silk  Friii«e.  Gold  Bdvel  Canli. 

,—6  New  HuiMBd  (\m\  Ui.b.». 

— lUU    Ked,   Blue.    Uluvk.  or    White, 

Nu.  It!. — 200  Transpareui  Canls    (olioloe 

Prvinium  No.l7.— 100  Magic  SI  pporCard*, 


with  boqiict). 


>  (ftold  b 


.itnor.givingMlMSlin 


GatttU.  E.  U.  SOLTtlwon-tii 

PublUlien   of  Tfit    Pmman't   and    PrinU. 


riillv:  ilaiipllp* 


j-oiir  paper  nt  rwnil.    W*  linve 
, ,  „ -  aMtli-iiarteg»n«nilly.lltei"boioif  mi  uther 


ilryaiii  and  Sirallun  Cuminuii 


.ub)eo 


It's  a  poor  nile,  &c. :— "  How  is  it,  Mr. 
Bn)Wti,"  said  a  miller  to  a  funncr,  "that 
when  I  c»i»e  to  incasuro  those  ten  barrels 
of  Apples  I  houKht  from  you,  I  found  them 
uenrly  two  barrels  short t"  "Singular, 
very  lingular,  for  I  sent  thein  to  you  id  teu 
of  your  own  Hour  barrels."  "Ahem  !  Did, 
eht"  said  the  miller.  "Well,  perhaps  I 
made  a  uiistako.  Let's  imbibe." — San 
FranciiCO  Fo»t. 


"The  Penman's  Art  Journal'* 

J  klodly  rnnsonlod,  tot  ilio  benelll  of  the  |)n>rnulon.  to 
■prepurBllun  i-f  tliPir  tpedmutu,   iThereby  the  ■ume 

ns  8o'|wI(m1  n'ill  bcel^uotty  rppro<lM(«d  nlib  nnisV 
mt*  iiilnnlied      W  ben  tngnived,  Ihey  will  be  boiind 

vtlll  oonler  very  ereilllable  IwtieBt  lo  ibuie  peamea 


ir  notioo.  Ilwipwtli.lly  yunr^ 

E.Ci-iMilKit  Si  CO. 
Gl  Court  St ,  Bo»lon,  Mun. 
of  The  Pfnman't  and  PrinUr't  GatrtU: 
>n:— We  (Inrt  voiir  i-nper  diwulruly  •I'pr'J'  " 


iieeiied.  and  will  be  (are  of  •aw 


Thr 


The  General  Competition 


mulon,  penmen  Inteodlnf 
KM    ore    rei)iic«led    to 

•  publUber  ol    '"HiU'i  ; 


Hill  Standard  Book  Co., 

105  StaU  St.,  Chicago,  IU. 


PENMEN'S  and  ARTISTS'  SlUTI.IES. 


SOsliouts.  I  "  

100     "     ii ■•■   

JJi-lstolBouiii.  ...     I  >ni..))r^ 

French  B.  B..'Jix*i. 

Black  Cord  BoaiU.  iMxiS,  for  white  Ink.. 
iickCai'Us  I 


Black  Curds  itwv  tliouBund,  by  cxpnas  . 

What'a  di-'ing-paper,  hot-prefis.  15x2ii  5 
"  "  "  lOxsI! 

.,  ,.  ..  i6«40, 

"  31.15-2,  1 

Blank  Bristol  Board  Cards,  jier  lOO  . . . . 


1000  l.y  s 


»  Ataxi 


Stnne  Cloth. '.me  yard  wide, 'lu.y  length  p^r 


Liquid  aiatl'i, 


The  Latest  and  Best  American  Atu 

The  National  Indexed  Atlas 

From    Govcntmait    <nul    Special   S>i 


■ys. 


PUBLISHED  BY 
Jno.  VV.  LYON  &  CO., 

205  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

le  Oeofcnipbical  atid  SlallMloid  tn/ominll'in  er-n 


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Commercial  Arithmetic. 


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BYRON  HORTON,  A.M., 


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Following  is  a  list  of  its  contents  : 
Propeiitv  ok  Numuers — 


■  ExAMin- 


1.  Keducliou;  2.  Addition;   :).  Subtractiuu; 
4.  Muhiplication ;  5.  Division. 
Review  Examplks— 
Decimals— 

1.  Reduction;   3.  Addition;  3.  Subtraction; 
4.  Multiplication;  5.  Division. 
Review  Examples-- 

z  Numbers— 
1.  Division  of  Time;  2.  Linear  Measures; 
:t.  Square  Measures;  4.  Cubic  Measures; 
r..  Liquid  Measures;  0.  Dry  Measure; 
7.  Measures  uf  Weight;  «.  Circular 
Measure ;  'J.  United  Slates  Money; 
II).  English  Money ;  11,  Foreign 
Moneys  of  Account ;  12.  Reduction  of 
Denominate  Integers  ;  13.  Reduction  of 
Denominate  Fractions;  14.  Addition, 
Subtraction ;  \>t.  Multiplication ;  10. 
Divisioa  ;  17.  Longitude  and  Time. 


b;    2. 


••'L" 

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ver>-  POM'b 

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r  and  DmH-nm 

a.  TCiUl 

).  Appleton 

SlCo. 

ATI.A 

TA.  Oa 

.  Sept.  14, 

mi. 

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fiwrnty  with  «hicli  ii 

«~'l'.°° 

1,'led.'"" 

tdw.. 

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1 

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B«:ou"i 

1^  INSTRUCTION 


Full  Courte,  20  Leii 


icriplion  of 


KIBBE,  Udoa.  N.  ' 


f.  A.  MORGAN. 

-ll.  WORTHINGTON,  IND. 


Equivalents  ;  7.  Approximate  Rules. 
FoREtON  Weights  and  Measures — 
Review  Examples- 
Discounts— 
Bills — 

Commission  ank  Brokeragio — . 
Profit  ani>  Loss- 
Accurate  Interest. 
Problem  in  Interest- 

1.  To  Find  the  Rate;  2.  To  Find  the  Time; 
3.  To  Fhid  the  Principal— the  Interest, 
Time  and   Rate  being  given;    4     To 
Find  the  Principal— the  Amount,  Time 
and  Rate  being  given. 
Present  Worth  and  True  Discount- 
Examples— 
-Yxnoal  Interest — 
Compound  Interest- 
Commercial  Paper — 
Bank  Discount- 
Partial  Payments— 

1.  United  States  Rule;  2.  Mercantile  Rules; 
'i.  Connecticut  Rule;    4.  New  Ilamp- 


I.  Doineslic Exchange;  2.  Foreign  Exchange 


CURRENT- 
D  BONDS- 
1.  Government  Uonde  :  2.  New  York  Stock 
Exchange. 

Duties- 
partnership    AND     PARTNI'-KSIIIP    SkITLE- 

National  Banks- 
Savings  Banks- 
Life  Insuraxce— 

..  Average— 
Cleai 

Trial  B,\j.ances— 
Review  E.xamplks— 

Short  Methods  in  Multipucation  and 
Division— 

This  book  will  be  sent  to  any  person  inclos- 
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Address,  S.  S.  PACKARD,  PuUither, 

5— It  tf05  Broadway,  New  York. 


'J:>-a^^-j0f"^>28a^;  M  U 


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calls  for  very  bril- 
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two  bottles,  $2.50.  By  diluting  with  some  good  writing-Huid,  more  than  three  quarts  of  good 
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taining  a  more  perfect  and  elegautly  executed  set  I  will  gladly  refund  the  money  paii 
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wriUtn  in  assorted  styles,  by  the  moxt  yrace- 
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Samples  of  (he  Pixi^-POINT  pens  sent  on  application. 


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IVISUN.    HLAKKMAN,    TAIXOU  X  CO.. 


UK  and  110  Qrund  StxveL.  Nov  Tork 


EXTRA    HLACK    WRITING    INK. 

Is  the  most  liurnble  Ink   tliat  can  he  made.     Specially  adapted  for  Records  and  Dofu- 

BRITISH    JAPAN    INK. 

Flows  from  the  pen  an  intense  and  brilliaut  glossy  black,  of  great  durability;  unrivaled 
for  signatures  and  onmmental  writing. 

Sample  Bottles  will  be  sent,  by  express,  securely  packed  in  wood,  on  receipt  of  $1  per 
quart;    ITt  cents  per  pint;    50  per  nne-half  pint. 


SpeiiceriaiL    Oblique    Pen-holder. 

By  ihe    use  of  ihie    Holder  the    pen   acts    upon   the    points  on   the    up  and  down    etrokei 
For  trial,  we  will  send  one  dozen  on   receipt  of  75  ceute. 


Jvison.  Taylor,  Blakeman  &  Co., 

753  and  755  Broadway,  New  York. 

''//  t/ou  artUr  fUaie  menlion  this  paper.  ( 


Keeping  Books, 

By  D'WIGHT    S    DOW. 

Tlie  .imple.t    and   most  .oui|.lete  Ireati.e  ever 

written  on  the  Logic  of  Accounts. 

DAVID  A.  CURTIS,  Publisher, 

/ty  ™.I,  flMptr  »/..«.  210  FULTON  ST.,  N.  Y. 

WELLS    W.  SWIFT, 

Harloavllle,  Onondag»  County,  New  Tork, 

Proprietor  of  Swift's  NawsFAPBK  Club  Agkxct, 
and  PublUber  of  Swift's  Hakd-uookb  of  Ins  Rbcifbb. 

"Collection  No.  1  "  (50  Recipes)  Contents:  Blnok,  IS 
kinds;  Blue,  3  kinds;  Red,  4  kinds ;  Green,  3  kindi; 
Yellow;  Bronii;  Violot;  White;  Gold;  Silver;  Indell- 
Mn,  O  l:m,l=,  SynipMhrtic,  6  kinds ;  Aniline  Inki,  eKi., 

I  ;i"Utecipee)Conlen«:  Bla«k,  as 

1.III.I-  I       V.  How.  Brown.  Violet,  .T  kind*; 

packa^.   I'rinling    Ink,    .■^1•I1lll    ink-     ShtmiunK    and 

Canoelinff  Inks,  for  both  nutm  unil  riitii>rr  pIliihiw.  P»py. 

rograph  Ink,  Aniline  Inks,  fir.,  I'li-      Muik'il  lor  5U  nents. 

Special    Offer.— Everyone  etnding:  me  |1    for  the 

yearly  wlhioriplion  for  any  leading  pfriodical.   at  pub- 
lisber'A  nill  prim,  will  receive  Ilic  nbove  SO  cent*'  Hand- 
t)ook  ft-ee.     V-  S.  tlninp*  taken  for  any  ainounl.    Club- 
Reference.  D.  T.  Amea.  S-fll. 

"Ike  best  lestitnonial  a  book  can  have  is  tJte 
names  of  those  who  use  it." 

CARHART'S 

Class-Book  of 

Commercial  Law 

For  the  School  and  Counting-room,  is  now  in 
use  in  many  of  the  leading  Colleges,  Aca- 
demies and  Schools  in  this  country. 
AMONG   TUB   NUMBBR   ARE: 
HibtHtrd'sCunimercinl  School    ....     Boston.  Mou. 
Packard'!  BiiKineas  College    .     .     .       New  ?ork,  N.  V. 
Soule'B  ■'  "  ....  Philndelphia,  Pa. 

Sadler's  "  "  Bultlmore,  Md. 

Williaintiporl  Cunimen'ial  Colte^o  .  .  WillEanuport,  Pa. 
LnncaBler  "  "...    Lancaster.  Pa. 

Titusville  *■  "...    TitimvUIo,  Pa. 

Peiiw'B  BiwinPM  "  .     .    PhilQdolphta,  Pii. 

Heald's        -  ■;        .     S<in  Trancisco,  Cal. 

ManlUee'&win^*'  '•        ,'    .'  Fori  \^ayne,  Ind! 

Ohaddock  ■'        .'    .'    .'    ."     Quinny!  III! 

Hflonora's      '_'  "  ..'..'.  Harilord.'Conn! 

HiDmnn's  Business  College  .  .  .  .Worcester,  Mbhs. 
Jennings  Seminary Anniii,  III. 

Public  Schools    ..'.'.'.'.'...     .NeTark.'N.'j! 
Oakland,  Cal, 

Sl""juhns  L-'ollego  .     .  '!  ^'.    '.         '.  Colle^ville,  Min^n! 

St  Ji)SP|ili"a    "       8l.  Joseph,  Mo. 

Caonilu  BusineM  College HumillOD,  Ont. 

Union  Biuiiiee^  College  J Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

The  above  are  some  of  the  leading  institu- 
tions now  using  the  Class-Book  of  Commercial 
Law,  and  who  speak  in  tlie   highest  terms  of 

of  Busioeu,  DESIONBD  and  ARItANQBD  especially 

bills  of  lading,  reoeipu  and  vndoreements. 

It  abo  treats  of  CmUraeU.  Parlnerthip.  Agavy.  Ttt- 
Uraland  Umry,  Salt  of  P^rional  Froptrty.  BaihTunt, 

ert.  Rtal  KsfaU.  Form*  of  Butiwtt  Paper,  ete. 

Siugle  copies  eent  postpaid  lu  any  address 
un  receipt  of  One  Dollar, 

Special  rates  for  int, oduction .  All  orden. 
sliould  l>e  adilressed  (o  the  author, 

C.  E.  CARHART, 

6-t.f.  Albany,  N.  Y. 

OHOUTHAND-writinp    thoroughly  taught    by  maU. 

M  A  Y  H  E  W  S 
UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual    of    Business    Practice, 

with  C'urreocy  and  BiiMness  Pape»  for  use.  ut  in  ffoll- 
conducted  aelual  biaimti,  are  used  In  leading  Colleges 
nod  BunneM  Colleges  of  Anierim  timl  Mvk  the  but  atdt 

tnei.     Even  good  aiiihorB  i«o  ihein  lu  preference  lo  Ihefr 

would  not  for  |I,000  pari  with  the  instnictioQ  1  tiave 

IRA  MAYHEW,  LL.D., 
2-lU.  Detroit,  Mich. 


.  KELLEV.  Attoci 


NEW    YORK,   JUNE.   1882. 


\i.— Na  6. 


DAMKI.  SLOTE  A   CO., 


tlie  eye, 


igUy  Itiiiglii  hy  nil 


>  TYPK-WKITIXC 


D  WRITING 

I    or   peMoiially. 


ilu- 


Writing-lesson. 

ne    issue    of   the    .Iouknal,   for    this 

.ith,  lias  been  delayed  nearly  two  weeks 

'he  nuinerouB  cuts  for  illustrating  I*rof. 

— ricer's  Writiug-iesson,  and,  at  last  fiud- 

-  it  quite  impossible  to  ^ei  them  without 

her   delay,  we   hni-f    rtewiieil    Tn    dofoi' 

■^s<m  No.  2  till  our  next  issue,  whieh  will 

Milcd,  proii.plly,  on  July  loth. 

Individuality    in  Writing. 
Uy  Paul  I'am-sok. 

caDDOt  be  at  the  same  time  an  olegaut 
.  a  ciiaracteristic  writer,  f^loveuly  [lOU- 
-u  delight  to  laiigh  at  what  tbey  call  the 

'jtperplate  style  of  handwriting,"  and  tu 
,1  the  Horace  G  reeley  style  of  chirography 
tlieonly  true  expression  of  thepcrj-oQiility 
:ho  writer,  llumiligable  nonscnsel  As 
!l  call  Tiiruer  and  bis  school  the  only  true 
■:^t«,  bot-ause  they  deal  in  iesthotic  daubs! 
(1  man's  handwriting  shows  anything,  or 
lilies  anything,  outside  of  itself,  it  is  the 
■  I's  elianieter.  and  not  his  inenlJil  attain- 
iitg.  If,  thou,  the  gentlemen  who  delight 
.-liivculy  peiuiiauship  wish  us  to  jud^e  of 
'  >  "personality"  from  their  handwriting, 

tre  perfectly  willing  to  prunouuec  them 
<iic,  careless,  incompreheueible,  or  what- 
'  their  manuscript  reveals  of  character : 

we  protest  against  this  ridiculous  depits- 
T,..u,  on  their  pwrt,  of  really  excellent 
>iiiauship.  It  is  like  the  empty  merriment 
■iie  fox,  who,  having  lost  bis  own  tail  in  a 
4',  langhed  all  bis  ouinpanious  into  the 
olish  act  of  ridding  themselves  of  theirs  in 
'  way. 


As  to  the  charge  brought  agaiust  good 
p^-uinen,  that  there  is  no  individuality  in  their 
writing,  we  deny  it  allogetbcr.  There  was 
not  H  more  ek'gaut  penman  in  Ami-rioa  tbau 
tbc  poet  I...ugfellow,  albeit  he  wrote  back- 
hand— which,  by  the  way,  I  wish  were  move 
generally  cultivated  by  literary  penmen,  for 
it  makes  a  most  beautiful,  compact  and 
legible  manuscript,  the  joy  of  the  compositor, 
and  grateful  relief  to  the  editor's  weary  eye. 
It'  there  was  ever  anybody  who  was  not  in- 
si}'id,  it  was  Longfellow,  tlie  poet  laureate  of 
America.  And  yet  if  ohirographleal  cavillers 
weie  to  carry  out  their  theory  to  its.  legiti- 
uuttv  conclusion]  what  a  namby-pamby  man 
thi-y  would  make  of  biml  Our  theory,  on 
:h*-  contrary,  would  eatiroatc  the  man  fnim 


and  a  delight  to  the  heart. 

There  never  was  a  man  with  more  prac- 
liftil  chcracter  in  Inin  than  the  author  of 
" Tiintly  Topic* "  in  Stribnor's  Magazine. 
And  yet"  Dr.  Holland  had  one  of  the  uiost 
delicate,  regular  and  iiighly  cultivated  styles 
of  peumauship  in  the  world.  In  his  younger 
days  be  taught  the  art,  and,  doubtless, 
also  taught  it  throughout  bis  life,  for  one  of 
the  missions  of  good  penmen  is  to  inspire 
in  all  their  correspoudeots  a  desire  to  go 
and  do  likewise. 

My  theory  is  that  a  clear,  symmetrical, 
well-formed  baud,  such  as  our  best  writing- 
masters  teach,  when  attained,  is  the  evidence 
ofa  well-formed,  symmetrical  character;  and 
that  while  it  is  bein^  attained  it  inspires 
these  g(>od  qualities  in  the  pupil.  A  mau 
does  not  like  to  be  worse  than  his  own 
handwriting.  If  he  gets  to  write  well  he 
begins  to  think  that  he  is  somethiuij  of  a 
mau  after  all,  aud  to  live  accordingly.  Good 
writing  actually  forms  character,  and  gives 
individuality  to  a  m;(U,  instead  of  robbing 
him  of  it.  Let  us  not,  then,  be  annoyed  by 
the  foolish  talk  of  shabby  penmen.  You 
never  fiud  a  mau  who  takes  auy  pride  at  all 
iu  the  looks  of  his  inannscript  joining  in 
ilieir  dog-in-the-manger  growl.  A  good, 
round,  writing-master  hand  is  au  ac(|uisitiou 
that  any  one  may  well  be  proud  of;  aud  it 
no  more  evidences  lack  of  individuality  than 
a  nicely-fitting  suit  bides,  or  detracts  from, 
a  handsome  form. 


Writing  in  Public  Schools. 

(Fiom  Iteporl  of  J.  Ormond  Wltaoo,  Superinleiideiil  of 

This  subject  has  always  hceu  ranked  as 
oue  of  the  three  studies  indispensable  in 
elementary  education.  Formerly,  it  was 
learned  almost  entirely  by  imitation  of  copies 
at  first  written  by  the  teacher,  and  after- 
wards engraved.  Still  later,  systems  of  wri- 
ting were  presented  in  engraved  uopy-bOoks, 
\Wth  definite  and  symmetrical  foruis  of  let- 
ters, capital  and  small,  which  could  be  an- 
alyzed into  a  few  simple  elements.  These 
books  were  arranged  iu  a  rational  order  of 
progression,  aud  accompanied  by  charts 
illustratiug,  on  an  enlarged  scale,  the  forms 
of  the  letters,  proper  positions  to  he  taken  in 
writing,  aud  the  mtnle  of  holding  the  peu, 
and  by  a  manual  of  useful  instructions  and 
suggestions.  With  these  later  aids,  aud  in- 
telligent and  skillful  teaching,  "^od  writing 
in  any  school  becomes  a  mathematical  cer- 
tainty. The  advice  sometimes  given  rela- 
tive to  the  importance  of  encouraging  aud 
preserving  the  individuuliiy  of  the  liaud- 
writing  of  pupils  is  entirely  unnecessary. 
If  the  term  in  this  application  means  ab- 
sence of  symmetry,  grace,  uutl  legibility,  as 
it  generally  does,  then  let  individuality  dis- 
appear from  the  handwriting  of.  pupils  as 
soon  as  possible.  Teachers  will  always  find 
that  iu  no  other  study  will  good  work  be 
more  highly  appreciated  by  parents  aud 
others  most  interested  in  the  education  of 
ihe  pupils. 

The  course  begins  in  the  First  Grade  on 
slates,  and  is  continued  iu  theSecond  i*rade 


in  copy-books  with  lead  pencils,  aud  sub- 
sequently with  pen  and  ink.  From  the  start, 
correct  position,  holding  of  the  pen  and 
movements  must  receive  attention,  and  in- 
flexibly be  insisted  on  ibronghout  the  course. 
Left-handed  pupilt*  should  be  required  to 
hold  the  }ien  in  the  right  hand.  The  analysis 
of  letters  should  he  thoroughly  taught,  so 
that  pupils  may  he  able  to  state  it  without 
hesitation,  not  in  the  set  fonn  of  words  used 
in  the  Manual,  hut  in  their  own  language. 
Pupils  M-ill  he  able  to  represent  on  the  black- 
board or  paper  only  those  forms  that  are  im- 
pressed on  their  minds,  and  if  the  impression 
is  imperfect  or  obscure,  so  will  the  repfe- 
sentation  be.  Answers  to  frequent  well- 
directed  questions,  touching  single  points  of 
analysis,  will  be  much  more  effectual  than 
recitals  of  the  forms  of  a  complete  analysis. 
In  the  lower  grades,  a  traciug-book  and  a 
copy-book  are  required  for  each  pupil,  and 
thes^re  to  be  taken  together — one,  for  pre- 
liminary practice ;  and  the  other,  for  the 
best  work  after  practice.  There  is  great  ad- 
vantage iu  this  mode  of  using  two  books. 
The'iDterest  and  ambition  of  pupils  T>eed 
not  be  dampened  by  bad  work,  which  is 
quite  frequently  incident  to  the  earlier  stages 
of  practice.  A  suitable  blank-book  is  also 
to  he  used  by  each  pupil — in  all  the  grades, 
fi'om  the  third  up — and  is  to  contain  speci- 
mens of  a  variety  of  school-work.  It  will 
thus  become  much  more  than  a  specimeu- 
hook  of  penmanship.  Pupils  should  be  in- 
structed aud  encouraged  to  fill  up  this  book, 
so  that  it  will  be  well  worthy  of  exhibition 
and    preservatiou   as  a   souvenir  of  school 


A  Successful  Autograph-Hunter. 

There  is  something  terrible  in  the  energy 
with  which  Mr.  Edward  W.  Bok,  of  Brook- 
lyn, pursues  the  occupation  of  a  hunter  of 
autographs.  Mr.  Bok,  as  he  admits,  is  only 
in  his  eighteenth  year,  and  has  already  ob- 
tained no  fewer  than  300  autographs  of  liv- 
ing celebrities.  A  passion  like  this  must 
have  been  of  slow  growth,  aud  it  was  not 
till  the  autumn  of  last  year — at  which  time 
Mr.  Bok  could  have  been  little  over  seven- 
teen yeai-sof  age— tbatit  overmastered  him. 
He  then  deliberately  entered  upon  the  course 
nf  procedure  which,  according  to  liis  own 
account,  has  carried  trouble  and  dismay  int(» 
mauy  households.  He  filially  commenced 
with  obtaining  his  father's  signature,  which 
is  entered  in  his  hook  under  the  date,  August 
27,  I8t<0.  Hie  father  added  to  the  collection 
other  signatures  even  more  valuable  than 
his  o^vn.  Ho  was  at  one  lime  Vice-Cunsul 
for  the  German  government  in  Holland,  and 
his  patent  of  appointment  is  signed  "  Wil- 
hehn  "  in  waving  lines,  which  we  are  told 
contrast  with  the  crabbed,  stiff  "Von  Bis- 
marck "  of  the  great  Chancellor.  It  b  in- 
toresting  to  learn,  as  we  do  incidentally,  that 
Bismarck's  signature  appears  exactly  six 
inches  below  that  of  the  sovereign  he  made 
an  Kmperor,  the  'etiquette  of  the  German 
court  not  permitting  nearer  conjunction  of 
the  signature  of  sovereign  aud  subject.  Mr. 
Bok,  sen.,  wiu;  ciuitc  a  mine  of  weidth  to  bis 
enterprising  sod.  In  his  time  he  has  played 
many  ntficial  parts.      As    Dutch   Consul    in 


i.nr  (if  iii<- (iciniurfs  Ml  li.llnuit  he  poJweM^a 
the  !«ignatiir4  of  Wllliatn  III.,  King  of  th*i 
Netherlands;  whilst  Frederick,  Prmceof  th-* 
I  Netherlands,  attests  Mr.  Bok's  .-tppoiutmeat 
as  Grand  Master  of  Freeiuasdury.  Being  in- 
I  dehtcd  to  parental  prosperity  for  those  signa- 
I  tuiTs  of  royal  persouages,  the  younger  Mr. 
I  Bok  seized  on  his  own  account  the  oppor- 
;  tuuity  of  the  visit  to  New  York  of  King 
Kalakaua,  and  lay  iu  wait  at  the  hotel 
where  bis  Majesty  was  lodged  till  be  had 
added  his  signature  to  the  treasures  of  his 
book.  An  effort  to  obtain  the  autograph  of 
our  own  Queen  and  Prince  of  Wales  did  not 
prove  equally  successful.  Mr.  Bok,  who  is 
nothing  if  not  orderly,  addressed  himself 
directly  to  the  Duke  of  Argyll,  who  wa3 
then  the  holder  of  the  Privy  Seal.  Mr. 
Hok,  exercising  the  privilege  of  a  free-bora 
American  citizen,  called  upon  the  Duke 
to  procure  for  bim  the  signatures  of  Qneeu 
Victoria  and  the  Heir- Apparent.  To  thi.t 
the  Duke  of  Argyll  courteously  replied  with 
a  non  jiossumtis.  Hut  there  are  attend- 
ant consolations  iu  most  attlictions.  Id 
making  this  answer  the  Duke  natuioUy 
signed  his  name,  and  the  autograph  waa 
straightway    transferred     to    the    preuioud 


Probably  most  prominent  meuibera  of  Eh« 
House  of  ComiiioDs  have  at  one  lime  or 
other  heard  from  tlic  euterprising  Bok.  Mr. 
Gladstone  certainly  has,  for  Mr.  Bokisabid 
to  display  a  note  from  his  secretary,  in 
which  that  gentleman  explains  that  the  rua 
upon  the  Prime  Minister  for  his  autograph 
is  too  great  to  be  met  by  concession  in  in- 
dividual cases.  Nevertheless,  the  envelope 
bore  the  right  honorable  gentleman's  auto- 
gniph,  lithograj  hed  as  a  frank,  and  with 
this  Mr.  Bok  must  needs  be  satisfied.  With 
respect  to  Mr.  Bright,  the  youthful  collector 
has  been  more  fortunate,  owning  an  admis- 
sion order  to  the  House  of  Commons  signed 
"John  Bright."  Mr.  Bradlaugh  was  not 
wanting  ia  modesty  wbeu  the  inevitable  re- 
quest reached  him.  He  took  no  notice  of 
the  application  from  Bok,  jun.,  and  it  waa 
only  when  addressed  by  the  ex-Germau 
Consul  in  Holland,  ex-Dutch  Consul  iu 
tiermauy,  and  ex-Grand  Master  in  Free- 
masonry, tliat  ^fr.  Bradlaugh  responded. 
He  then  wrote,  "At  your  father's  wish; 
Cbfls.  Bradlaugh.'"  .Still  Mr.  Bok,  jun.,  is 
not  happy.  Tlie  extreme  brevity  of  this 
communication  led  to  the  omission  of  the 
date.  Without  the  date,  it  seems,  your  true 
autograph-hunter  scoi-ns  a  signature,  and  tlie 
docnmont  is  to  be  rctumed  to  the  member 
for  Northampton  with  the  request  that  he 
will  date  it.  The  publicity  given  in  the 
United  States  to  the  arrivals  at  hotels  of 
distinguished  visitura  has  proved  of  great 
assistance  to  Mr.  Bok.  Thus  he  pounced 
down  on  the  Duke  of  Sulheriand  on  the 
very  night  when  he  arrived,  travel-staioed, 
at  the  Windsor  Hotel.  "I  don't  see  the 
sense  of  collecting  autographs,"  the  Duke 
said  testily  as  Mr.  llok  stood  before  him 
book  in  baud,  a  remark  so  precious  id  its 
application  that  Mr.  Bok  immediately  uoted 
it  down,  and  has  appended  it  to  the  autu- 
graph.  All  iif  grist  that  c<>me8  to  hie  mill. 
He  gratefully  accepts  an  autograph  and  tt 
accompanied  by  any  remark,  whether  c-oiu* 


pliTDrQlary  or  oihorwwe,  it  is  an  aHded  favor. 
If  h«  had  sat  in  lh,ghPTTf»  |»lac('  he  would 
Lot  only  have  jnsidlpd  that  he  should  be 
nritteo  down  an  m^  boi  woald  not  hare 
let  Conrado  go  till  he  had  appended  liis 
autograph -signature  to  the  remark.  No  re- 
koffia  effectual  against  hie  purpose.  The 
iDorr  perbialently  »  miiD  refuses  his  signature 
the  higher  ie  its  value  in  the  autograph 
niarket.  Thus  when  three  letters  had  failed 
to  produce  the  autograph  of  Mr.  ThoinpBim, 
a  Cabinet  Minister  under  the  PresideDcy  of 
Mr.  HayeB,  Mr.  Rok  called  upon  him,  and 
Mme  away  triuiuphaot.  Among  others  he 
wrote  to  tJeueral  Ilurnside,  who  «-ithdrew 
behind  hi*  entrenchment,  and  not  oDiy  de- 
clioed  to  reply,  but  refused  to  see  the  terrible 
Bok  when  he  called  with  his  book.  Failing 
in  this  direction,  Mr.  Mok  engaged  the  ser- 
Tices  of  a  friend  of  thv^GeDeral's,  and  the 
warrior,  yielding  to  tTiis'flAnlt  attack,  sur- 
rendered his  autograpli.  With  General 
McClellan  there  was  soinethiog  of  the  same 
difficulty,  but  he  also  capitulated  after  a 
siege  of  some  severity.  Mr.  Hok'a  greatest 
triumph  WHS  over  Mr.  Tennyson.  He  divides 
hi*  book  into  various  sections,  such  as 
"  Soldiers,"  "  Statesmen,"  "  \ovelists,'' 
"  Focls,"  and  so  on.  He  had  reserved  tlie 
6f»l  place  in  the  list  of  poets  for  Mr.  Tenuy- 
i>oD,  Bud  wrote  informing  the  poet  of  the 
distinction  that  awaited  him.  No  aoswfir 
«ime,  nor  did  any  brighter  success  follow 
lb©  dispatch  of  a  secoud,  third,  or  fourth 
letl4T.  Still  the  indomitable  Bok  wrote 
every  other  mail  ttU,  in  response  to  the  ninth 
letter,  Mr.  Tennyson  tjamin.  This  is  ii  feat 
of  which  Mr.  Hok  is  pardonably  proud. 
The  siege  did  not  last  rjuite  so  loug  as  that 
of  Troy,  but  it  wjis  conducted  \riih  j 
efjual  vigor,  and  crowoed  with  quite 


imitated    my  own 

iDV  other  things  it 

I  hope  your  sou 

now  of  late  yeara 


The  autograph-hunter  is  more  at  lioiiie  in 
his  own  country.  Mr.  Lowell  yielded  under 
the  pressure  of  a  second  letter.  Mr.  Bryant 
made  no  demur.  Whittioruot  only  sent  his 
signature,  l«it  a  verse  uf  poetry ;  ami  Oliver 
Weodoll  Holmes  signed  a  veree  from  "  Tlie 
Chambered  Nautilus."  Of  English  poets, 
Mr,  Swinburne  acknowledged  the  renuest 
in  a  brief  note,  and  Mr.  Kobert  Browning 
•eut  a  (juotatloD  which  spiteful  people  who 
object  to  Mr.  Bok's  metliod  (tf  procedure 
will  hope  came  from  one  of  the  darkest 
passages  in  his  own  poeinn.  Paternal  in- 
fluence was  brought  to  bear  on  Mr.  Ituskin, 
who  in  re»pousi'  seut  the  follovviug  kind  and 
charHCtflristic  note:  "It  is  a  great  joy  to 
bear  of  a  good  son  in  these  days  of  disobedi- 
ence. 1  wish  I  could  write  my  name  better 
for  him.  Had  I  betl< 
father  in  writing  and 
had  been  better  for  n 
will  read  what  I  writ 
with  at  lea^t  as  much 
popular  works."  Mr.  Wilkie  Collins  mod-  j 
^elly  ropies  from  "  The  Woman  iu  White" 
11  profound  remark  on  w-uiieii  iu  general;  \ 
wliilst  Mr.  Charles  Keade  remits  a  sheet  of  [ 
IHijK-r  with  the  following  legfiid  :  "Edward  j 
W.  Hok,  iraligrapher,  from  Charies  Iteade, 
kakographer."       Aloxandn-     Dumas    fon- 


foimd  than  that  for  which  Mr.  Wilkie  Collins 
lias  secured  a  fresh  i-irculation.  "  I  weary 
myself,'"  the  great  French  novelist  writes; 
"this  is  how  it  begins.  He  wearies  me; 
this  is  how  it  ends.  Such  is  iu  two  words 
the  story  ol  the  firet  fault  of  woman."  It  will 
bf  seen  fiimi  these  >iitalions  of  names  that 
»t  a  couiparatively  early  a(;e  Mr.  Bok  has 
<  iniipleted  a  wide  range  of  pcrs-mal  pei-secu- 
tiou.  Should  he  pursue  the  avocation  in 
which  at  eighteen  he  has  reached  such  enii- 
neui-e,  it  is  terrible  to  ihiuk  whai  he  will 
have  achieved  at  eighty,  if  he  have  not  died 
«  violent  deatli  before  he  reaches  that  age. 
In  the  ineautiiiie.  persous  liviug  ia  obscurity 
will  find  some  comfort  iu  the  thought  that 
there  ia  no  chance  of  their  being  hunted  up 
l<y  thif  implttcflble  youth  from  Brooklyn.— 
tht  Daily  Xetcs,  London. 


Programme  "C." 
By  C.  H.  Peibce. 
This  Programme  consists  of    the  move- 
ment known  as  the  Fore-arm.    (Definition  : 
The  ase  of  the  arm  by  resting  below  the 

The  woild's  work,  in  this  art,  is  done 
with  this  movement,  and  most  assuredly 
should  be  cultivated  and  developed  a»  soon 
as  possible,  in  order  to  produce  the  most  ef- 
fective results  and  with  the  least  strain  upon 
the  system. 

Statement  I.  The  earliest  average  age 
of  development  in  Programme  '*  C "  iB 
twelve  years. 

It  may  justly  be  styled  the  bread-and-  but- 
ter-movement,  since  it  is  the  central  power 
of  the  business  world,  and  all  speed  is  due 
to  its  influence. 

Statement  2.  The  greater  the  rapidity 
of  execution,  the  less  the   assistance  from 

1  shall  have  reason  to  .speak  of  this  move- 
ment in  connection  with  Programme  "  D," 
and  will  endeavor  uow  to  confine  myself 
strictly  to  its  direct  results. 

It  might  be  a  question  with  many,  if  it 
is  possible  to  execute  good  work  entirely 
with  this  movement.  I  would  reply  that,  if 
shade  is  not  a  consideration,  it  is.  But  as 
soon  as  you  wish  to  get  expicssion  or  shade 
the  fingers  must  move,  thus  giving-  what  is 
termed  the  '*  combination  movement." 

Believing  that  the  detailed  plan  of  work 
in  this  Progratimic  should  follow  Programme 
"  B,"  I  have  purposely  omitted  it  until  now. 
It  may  uot  be  conceded  by  all  the  fraternity, 
but  facts  go  to  prove  conclusively  to  my 
mind  that  the  reasoning  is  correct. 

Statement  3.  I  do  atiirin  that  fore- 
arm should  follow  whole-arm,  i.  e.,  &|1  new 
work  should  be  well  established,  whole-arm 
before  attempting  fore- arm. 

I  do  not  mean  by  this,  the  entire  work  of 
Programme  "  B ''  should  be  accouiptished 
before  begiuuiug  Programme  "C";  but,  on 
the  contrary,  I  do  mean  that  as  fi\st  as  work 
is  developed  whole-arm  it  may  consistently 
be  followed  or  executed  fore-arm. 

(Hemark.)    I  uow  repeat   the 
made  iu  the  October  No.  of  the  Jou: 
All  work  executed  whole- arm  can   t 
ecuted  fore-arm. 

Three  proofs,  positive  of  Statement  '3 

First.   Your  own  results 
with  rif/ht  hand. 

Second.  Youi 
with  le,fl  hand. 

Third.     The 
thorough  courst 

1.  The  tracing -e.rercises  consist 
wards  of  seventy-tive  different  forn 
cipatly  capital  letters  of  largo  size,  < 
on  (muuilla)  paper,  say  4x4  inches,  with 
colored  pencil,  so  that  they  may  be  retraced 
with  eud  of  holder  or  lead  pencil  in  order 
to  get  the  general  form  ol  i-apitals,  and  par- 
ticiilurly  to  estublii'li  freedom  of  movement. 
It  is  uot  necessary  that  all  these  should  be 
practiced  iu  order  to  heeouic  a  good  business 
penmau  ;  but  the  gi-eater  the  power  showu 
here,  the  less  obstacles  can  posijibly  arise  iu 
the  work  which  follows.  Hence,  according 
to  the  object  arrived  at,  is  it  necessary  to 
perfect  the  work. 

Caution.  Don't  leave  iho  work  too  soou, 
with  the  delusive  liope  that  you  can  do  your- 
self more  good  by  practicing  upon  aome- 
ihiug  yiore  advanced. 

Freedom  is  the  word,  and  uutil  honest 
ctmvietiou  seizes  yt>u  as  to  advancement, 
stand  firm,  and  regret  will  not  mark  you 
another  victim. 

Thf  position  uecessary  to  a  full  develop- 
ment of  thi  fore-arm  is  of  such  vast  imjiort- 
ance  that  I  charge  the  uninitiated  to  not 
underrate  it. 

Statement  4.  The  positions  for  the  ex- 
ecution of  the  highest  otder  of  work— whole- 
arm  and  fore-arm — are  not  necessarily  the 
same — the  latter  demnuding  a  rather  erect 
position  ;  while  the  former  may  be— and  yet 
to  a  decided  advantage  to  beginners--a  some- 
what inclined  position  of  the  body  may  be 
taken.     Whale\fr  may  be  the  changes,  rest 


A-n  results  i 


J  in  teaching. 


tlevelopmeut 
t  development 


,  priu- 


assured  that  the  spine  should  be  kept  straight. 
Proof  of  this  will  furnish  substance  for  an- 
other article. 

■2.  E.\TF.NDED  MoVEUENTs.  They  ron- 
sist  of  capital  letters  joined  in  all  conceiva- 
ble shapes,  and  are  what  the  name  implies. 
They  are  the  outgrowth  of  tracing-exer- 
cises, and  in  many  instances  may  take  the 
nature  of  the  same  to  a  decided  advantage. 
At  pi-esent  there  are  upwards  of  120  ex- 
tended move  me  lit- exercises  that  follow  the 
tracing-exercises  in  the  order  of  simplicity, 
and  if  partially  or  fully  understood,  will,  in 
proportion,  give  results  that  can  be  gained 
iu  no  other  way.  This  work,  like  the  pre- 
ceding, is  not  supposed  to  be  entirely  com- 
passed by  amateurs  with  a  few,  petty  efforts, 
but  is  the  reshlt  of  earnest,  honest  labor,  for 
years,  to  establish  in  its  purity. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  high- 
est order  of  development  in  any  of  the  five 
Programmes,  is,  to  approximate  the  work 
first,  and  then  make  frequent  reviews  to  es- 
tablish new  points,  (that  unfold  themselves 
as  do  the  petals  of  a  Hower),  and  to  form  a 
higher  standard  of  excellence  that  forever 
accompanies  the  student  who  would  win. 

I  cannot  caution  too  much,  and  so  I  make 
the  charge  doubly  strong  by  statiug :  do  not 
expect  to  become  thorough  without  a  full 
sweep  of  this  wonderful  power,  which, 
coupled  with  the  philosophij  of  motion,  gives 
the  grandest  results  obtainable  in  the  execu- 
tion of  all  styles  of  capitals. 
{T,>  he  CMuiinued.) 

Col.  Robert  IngersoU 

On  Intemi'ERanck,  in  a  Si-keoh  m-.vum. 
a  Jurv. 
"  I  do  not  wonder  that  every  thoughtful 
man  is  prejudiced  against  this  damned  stutl' 
called  alcohol.  Intemperance  cuts  down 
youth  in  its  vigor,  manhood  in  ita  strength, 
and  age  in  its  weakness.  It  breaks  the 
father's  heart,  bereaves  the  doting  motlier, 
extinguishes  natural  afl'eclious,  erases  con- 
jugal love,  blots  out  filial  attatchmeut, 
blights  parental  Iiope,  and  brings  down 
mourning  age  in  sorrow  to  the  grave.  It 
produces  weakness,  not  strength  ;  sickness, 
not  health ;  death,  uot  life.  It  makes  wives, 
widows;  children,  orphans;  fathers,  fiends; 
and  all  of  them  paupers  and  beggars.  It 
feeds  rheumatism,  nurses  gout,  welcomes 
epidemics,  invites  cholera,  imports  pesti- 
lence, and  embirtces  couduniptioQ.  It  covers 
the  laud  with  idleness,  misery  and  crime.  It 
fills  your  jails,  supplies  your  alms-houses 
aitd  demands  your  asyhuns.  Lt  engenders 
controversies,  fosters  quarrels  and  cherishes 
riots.  It  crowds  your  penitentiaries,  and 
furnishes  victims  to  your  scaffolds.  It  is 
the  life-blood  of  the  gambler,  the  etenieut 
of  the  burglar,  the  prop  of  the  highway- 
mau.  and  the  support  of  the  midnight  iu- 
cendiary.  It  couuteuauces  the  liar,  respects 
the  thief,  i-steeuis  the  blasplieiner.  It  vio- 
lates obligations,  reverences  fraud,  and  hon- 
ors infamy.  It  defames  benevolence,  hates 
love,  scorns  virtue,  and  ^lauders  innocence. 
It  incites  the  father  to  butcher  his  helpless 
otfspriug,  helps  the  husband  to  matisHcre 
his  wife,  and  the  child  to  grind  the  parieidat 


It  bui 


I  up 


detests  life,  curses  God,  and  despises  heaveu. 
It  suborns  witnesses,  nurses  perjury,  defiles 
the  jury-box,  and  stains  the  judicial  ermine. 
It  degrades  the  citizen,  ilebases  the  letfislii- 
lor,  dishonors  the  statesman  and  disarms  the 
nation.  It  brings  shame,  not  honor ;  ter* 
ror,  not  safety  :  despair,  not  hope ;  uiiscry, 
not  happiness ;  and  with  the  malevtdence  of 
a  ficud  it  T'almly  surveys  its  frightful  descda- 
tiou,  and  ut)sati>fied  with  its  havoc,  it 
poidoDs  felicity,  kills  peace,  ruins  morals, 
blights  coufidence,  slays  reputation,  and 
wipes  out  national  honors,  then  curses  the 
world  and  laughs  at  the  ruin.  It  does  all 
that  and  nmre— it  munlers  the  soul.  It  is 
the  sum  of  all  villainies,  and  the  father  of 
all  crimes,  the  mother  of  abou 
devil's  best  friend,  and  God': 
^America. 


Get  to'the.Bottom^of  Things. 

As  the  boy  begins  so  will  the  man  end. 
The  lad  who  speaks  with  affectation,  and 
minces  foreign  tongues  that  he  does  not  un- 
derstand at  school,  will  be  a  weak  chromn 
in  ch.iraoter  all  his  life  ;  the  boy  who  cheats 
his  teachers  into  thinking  him  devout  at 
chapel  will  be  the  man  who  will  make  re- 
ligion a  trade  and  bring  Christianity  into 
contempt;  and  the  boy  who  wins  the  high- 
est average  by  stealing  his  examination  pa- 
pers will  figure  some  day  as  a  tricky  poli- 
tician. The  lad  who,  whether  rich  "r  puor,. 
dull  or  clever,  looks  you  siraight  iu  the  eyes 
and  keeps  lib  answer  inside  the  truth,  al- 
ready counts  his  friends  who  will  last  his 
life,  and  holds  a  capital  which  will  bring 
him  in  a  surer  interest  than  money. 

Then  get  to  the  bottom  ui  thing^f.  You 
see  how  it  is  already  as  to  that.  It  was  the 
student  who  was  grounded  in  the  grammar 
who  took-the  Latin  prize ;  it  was  that  slow, 
steady  drudge  who  practiced  firing  every 
day  last  winter  that  bagged  the  most  game 
in  the  mountain ;  it  is  the  clerk  who  studies 
the  specialty  of  the  house  in  off  hours,  who 
is  to  be  promoted.  Your  brilliant,  happy- 
go-lucky,  hit-or-miss-fellow  usually  turns 
out  the  dead  weight  of  the  family  by  forty- 
five.  Don't  take  anything  for  granted;  get 
to  the  bottom  of  things-  Neither  be  a  shaui 
yourself  or  be  fooled  by  shams.— -IcrfMiwn 
Co.  Senli}iel. 

Artbmos  Ward. — Wardstartcd  iu  Cali- 
fornia with  an  announcement  that  he  would 
lecture  on  "  The  Babes  in  the  Wood."  H- 
said  he  preferred  this  title  to  that  of  "  My 
Seven  Graudiuotliers."  Why,  nobody  knows, 
for  there  was,  of  course,  to  be  as  little  in  the 
lecture  about  babes,  in  or  out  of  the  wood, 
as  aboutseven  or  any  other  nnmbcr  of  grand- 
mothers. "  The  babes  in  the  Wood  "  was 
uever  written  down  ;  a  few  sentences  only 
have  sur«ivajl  of  a  performance  which  wa» 
destined  to  revolutionize  the  comic  lecturing 
of  the  age.  The  "Babes'"  seem  only  if> 
have  beeu  alluded  to  twice — first,  at  the  be- 
giuning,  when  the  lecturer  gravely  an- 
nounced "  The  Babes  "  as  his  subject ;  and 
then,  after  a  rambling  string  of  irrelevant 
witticisms,  which  lasted  from  an  hour  to  an 
hour  and  a  half,  he  concluded  with,  "  I  now 
come  to  my  subject — '  The  Babes  in  the 
Wood.'"  Then  taking  out  his  watch,  his 
(•[lunteuance  woulii  suddenly  change — sur- 
prise followed  by  great  perplexity  !  At  last, 
recovering  his  former  composure,  and  facing 
the  difficulty  as  best  he  could,  he  ct.ntinued  : 
"  But  I  find  I  have  exceeded  my  time,  and 
will  therefore  merely  remark  that,  so  far  as 
I  know,  they  were  very  good  babes;  they 
wore' as  good  as  ordinary  babes."  Then, 
almost  ^breaking  down,  and  much  more 
nervously,  "  I  really  have  not  time  to  go 
into  their  history,  y<iu  will  find  it  all  in  the 
story  books."  Then,  getting  quite  dreary, 
"They  died  in  the  woods,  listening  to  the 
woodpecker  tapping  the  hollow  beach  tree." 
With  some  suppressed  emotion,  "  It  was  » 
sad  fate  for  them,  and  1  pity  them;  so  I 
hope  do  you.  Good-night  !"  The  success 
of  this  lecturer  throughout  California  whs 
instantaneous  and  decisive.  The  reporters 
complained  that  they  could  not  write  for 
laughiug,  and  liplit  their  pencils  desperately 
in  attempta  to  take  down  the  jokes.  Every 
hall  and  theatre  was  crowded  to  hear  about 
the  "  Babes  "  and  the  "Lyceum"  lecuirer 
of  th*-  period,  "what  crammed  bisself  full 
of  high-soundiu'  phrases,  and  got  trusted 
for  a  soot  of  black  clothes,"  had  nothing  to 
do  but  go  home  and  destroy  hiiiiHclf — 
OooU  Words. 


Ink  tOK  WitiTiNii  on  Gi.a.s.s.— Mr.  F. 
L.  Shicum  has  examined  the  ink  for  writ- 
ing on  glass,  and,  accordiug  to  the  Am. 
Jour.  Phar.,  reports  tliat  it  is  made  by  mix- 
ing  barium  sulphate,  three  parts ;  ammoniam 
Hutiride,  one  part;  and  sulphuric  acid  q.  s. 
to  decompose  the  ammonium  fluoride  and 
make  themixture  of  a  semi-fluid  consistency. 
It  should  be  prepared  iu  a  leaden  dish,  and 
ki-pt  ill  a  gutta-percha  or  leaden  bottle. 


The   Connection   of   Pen-drawing 
with   the   Photo-process. 


Editorg  of  the  Journal  : — Having  Iipeu 
^litli  you  at  ihe  inceptioD  uf  your  beautiful  duced 
nut  valuable  Art  Joibnal  over  five  years  was  ii 
i'L'"  I  need  Dot  assure  you,  and  you  will  not 
in-iider,  that  I  have  watched  its  career  with 
incrcaeiiijL;  interest,  and  viewed  with  un- 
iilloyed  delitrhi  ilie  creation  (through  yuur 
III. tiring  efiorts  and  palient  labor)  of  a  per- 
■'"utpupfrforpenraeD.  I  cauuot  miss  the 
I  iiunity  of  coDgrntuIatiog  you  on  the 
M  .stahliBhnieotof  what  was  regarded  by 
ilif  skepliciil  aa  an  unlinown  and  perilous 
veutiire,  and  assure  you  that  if  you  only 
'■"niinue  the  truly  practical  features  which 
'live  illumined  its  pages  for  the  past  two 
>'ii^,  The  Penman's  Art  Journal  is 
■ '  ri.iii  to  give  instructirm  and  amusement  to 
"  L'Tit-rattonn  yet  unborn." 

Ill  this  connection,  and  from  my  own  long 
I  I'M-.Dce  and  practice  jis  an  expert  in  pen- 
-'lipi  pen-drawing,  ele.,  in  their  re- 
in mjiship  to  photo-ongraving,  photo-Htho- 
r     [iiiy   and    the   various     processes    now 

'"  ' "^"j  ^  presume  I  maybe  permitted  to 

frr.md  your  monthly  illustrated  efforts  in  , 
llii.s  'lirection,  by  a  few 
liiLits  and  suggestions. 
■l  ••>!  cannot  too  fre- 
'l'"ii'ly  and  seriously 

ol   .IH-  pn.rm.n.f  fl 
and  t)„-  n^inu  t-HMicr 
tion,  i],r  uhl.'   fit-id  .,r 
pn,htahk...,.4d..jmeut 
u  ij  i.li  the  iutrodnction 

•  'f  tin-  different  meth- 

•  •■\s  ;iud  processes  for 


cc-ss  does  not  give  the  sharpest  and  most 
satisfactory  work  of  all. 

It  should  evei  be  borne  in  mind,  that  tbe 
artist  should  uw  good  solid  black  ink,  on 
clean  Jlat  white  paper;  that  every  line, 
whether  hair  or  shade,  should  be  drawn  dis- 
tinct and  unbrukeu;  and  llien  a  perfect /ac- 
simile  of  the  artist's  own  work  can  be  pro- 
lall  cost.  Had  time  served,  it 
lave  submitted  a  cut  or 
'  illustration  ua  a  se 

'  what  may  be  accomplished  by  these  pi-o 
cesses ;  but,  really,  some  of  your  illustrations 
have  been  so  good,  varied  and  fine,  that  it 
scarcely  needs  it. 

Should  these  few  remarks  have  been  suc- 
cessful in  arousing  and  directing  the  atten- 
tion of  our  national  army  of  penmen  and 
pen-draughtsmen  to  this  comparatively  new 
and  economic  tield  of  lab()r  hy  which  their 
chirographic  efforts  and  liuear  pen-drawing 
can  be  made  commercially  available,  from  a 
newspaper  title  or  column  heading  to  a  book 
illustration,  I  shall  be  pleaded  in  a  future 
issue  to  descant  more  fully  upon  it;  whilst 
to  those  whose  notice  is  called  to  it  for  the 
first  time,  and  who  desire  to  essay  a  trial,  I 
would  refer  them  for  the  present  to  your 
ccdumn  of  "  penmen's  and  artists'  supplies" 
for  a  selection  of  the  materials  to 


of  tbe  windows  and  laid  up  i 
the  lord  was  absent. 

another  luxury 


I  safety  when  |  change  bis 


that  for  I 
remained  i 
poor,  and 

The  material  of  which  the  cloth 


»  expensive 


both  plenty  and  easily  obtained, 
with  glass,  hut  the  cost  of  manu- 
yonr  readers,  of  facturing  made  it  very  dear.  If  a  Grecian 
lady  could  aivake  from  her  sleep  of  two 
thousand  years,  her  astonishment  would  he 
unbounded  to  see  a  simple  country  girl 
clothed  with  a  calico  dress,  a  muslin  ker- 
chief, and  a  colored  shawl !  Within  thepa*t 
one  hundred  years,  machinery  has  been  in- 
vented which  has  made  printed  cottons  so 
perfect,  so  plenty  and  so  cheap,  that  the 
humble  servant-girl  can  wear  a  better  calico 
gown  than  Cleopatra  ever  saw  '. 

AVhen  the  whole  stock  of  a  carpenter's 
tools  was  valued  at  one  shilling,  and  con- 
sisted altogether  of  two  broadaxes,  an  adze, 
a  square  and  a  spoUe-shave,  we  must  ex- 
pect to  find  rough  work  and  none  hut  rough 
dwelling-houses;  when  there  were  no 
chimneys,  and  the  fire  was  laid  against  the 
wall,  with  the  sun.ke  to  issue  out  at  the 
roof,  the  door  or  the  window,  and  the  peo- 
ple slept  on  straw  pallets,  with  a  log  of 
I  wood  for  a  pillow,  we  naturally  e.xpect  rough 


of  life  and  living  for 
theirs,  so  far  aa  the  conveniences  of  life  are 
concerned.     Thus  it  is  that  art  is  ever  at 

:.. ,....^  .*  J  work,  breaking    down  the    barriers  which 

ipletely  above  the  reach  of  the  |  stand  between  the  rich  and  the  poor,  and 
Id  in-  bringing  both  classes  more  and  more  toward 
L'lolh !  '  •*  common  level— not  by  degrading  the 
madu     wealthy,  but  by  exalting  both  classes  t 


I  but  the  wealthy  < 


higher  standard  of  morality,  refi_ 

education.— i'Atfat/W^ftia  Saturday  Night 


RouERT  Wood. 


How  to  Prepare  India-Ink. 

Take  a  sloping  tray  of  slate  or  porcelain, 
and  gt-ind  tbe  ink  gradually  in  distilled  or 
common  rain-water  until  the  ink  becomes  of 
the  required  degree  of  blackness.  The  ink 
must  he  ground  freshly  each  time  it  is  used. 
It  will  not  do  to  dissolve  it  in  water,  aa  it 
does  not  become  sufficiently  ]iulvc'rized  to 
flow  freely,  and  does  not  ailliere  to  the  paper 
with  sufficient  tenacity  to  r('^i^t  the  erosion 
of  rubber. 

Preachers  on  Darwin. 

The  great  naturalist  who  has  ju3t  I)een 
buried  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and  who 
originated  the  oft-quoted  theory  of  "  the 
survival  of  the  fittest,"  was  a  man  of  most 
:emplary  character  and  conduct,  yot  he  has 


been  the  subiect  of 


icing  relief  i 


afl'ords  til 
sav  different  method 
berausfl,  whilst  in  yoi 
and  my  early  days, 
we  wished  an  enlarge- 
ment, reduction  or  du- 
plicates of  our  cbH- 
graphic  work ,  our  only 


and 


what 


pensive  photo-lithog- 
raphy,      involving  — 
first,  a  glass  negative; 
then  H  transfei   print, 
which  had  afterwards 
to    he    transferred    to 
the  atone,  from  which 
only  one  imprc^siuu    at    each   pull  of  the 
press  could   he    ublained.      Now,   by   the 
aid    of    photo  -  engraving,    photo  -  electro- 
type and   various  other  chemical  and  me- 
chanical processes — whose  names  are  bo- 
coming  legiun— all,  by  the  way,  more  or  less 
ByncMiymous  in  their  initial  method  and  dif- 
fering only  ill  their  d.'lails,  wo  are  enabled 
ti'   ulitain  a  relief   m.Mal    plate,  type-high, 

C'r which  duplicates  can  be  made  at  a 

triliii]!,' .-ost)  whii'li  can  be  printed  on  any 
oominnn  printing-press,  and  all  for  a  few 
cents  per  square  inch,  no  matter  how  fine, 
intricate  or  elaborate  the  pen-Mork  may  be. 
Probably,  the  method  which  has  last  been 
discovered,  as  6o..n  as  it  has  been  still 
further  perfecle.i,  will  be  the  one  that  will 
be  most  generally  adopted,  from  its  sim- 
plicity and  ec.mo.ny.  I  refer  to  the  mode 
of  obtaining  an  electrutype  plat©  directhotn 
the  pen-dra«  ii.i-.  hy  a  meth.>d  of  deposit, 
without  the  initial  proceeding  of  a  glass 
negative,  as  is  the  ca^e  in  all  other  photo- 
processes;  but  it  has  this  defect  or  draw- 
back—the   subject   cannot   be  enlarged   or         .... 

reduoed.     To  those  experts  who,  like  my-     tiquity,''but'''it"Trio"nyd 
8elf,  are  enabled  tumakea  small  letter,  figure  '  nuity  to   develop  the 
'^'ornament  equally  as  fine,  sharp,  and  care-     tion,  and  to  apply  to 


Old  Times. 

Paper-hangings  were  originally  just  what 
their  name  indicates— viz.,  strips  of  paper 
suspended  from  the  ceiling  in  such  a  man- 
ner as  to  cover  the  imperfections  of  the 
walls.  They  were  used  exclusively  in  the 
houses  of  the  rich  ;  the  poor  man  in  his  hut 
iiad  u(i  such  device,  hvit  umst  needs  patch  a 
hole  to  keep  the  winds  away.  The  carpets 
of  our  forefathers  once  consisted  of  rushes, 
among  which  tiie  dogs  hunted  for  the  bones 
that  liad  been  thrown  upon  the  Hoor. 

In  England,  one  end  of  ttie  hall  was  the 
kennel   for  the  hounds,  and   above  it  the 
perch  for  hawks.     In  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  the  host  at  table  used  to  hold  the 
.joint  of  boef  with  one  hand  and  the  carving- 
knife  with  the  other,  transferring  the  meat 
to  the  plates  of  his  guests  with  his  fingers, 
as  forks  were  not  yet  in  use.     Those  who 
first  adopted  furks   were   much    ridiculed. 
Some  said  tlie  Hihlc  was  opposed  to  it,  and 
it  was  an  insult  to  the  Almighty  to  use  a 
fork  when  He  had  given  them  fingers. 
The  art  of  making  gla>,s  is  of  high  an- 
lodern  inge- 
•alue  of  the    inveu- 


fully  as  a  large 
Dot  prove  a  i 
those  who  hi 
large  work  fo 
type,  at  &  very 


rill 


I  multitude  of  import- 

-  —  — ■??*,  indispensable  uses. 

erums  trouble  ;  whilst  U)  Xot  many  centuries  ago,  window-glass  was 
;'customed  themselves  to  found  only  in  hou«es  of  the  very  rioh  ;  its 
ction,  the  photo-electro-  use  began  in  palaces.  For  a  long  time  it 
DP  cost,  issliU  open;  and     was  so  scarce  that  at  Alnnick  Castle,   in 


u  unsettled  question  whether  this  pro-      1567,  the  gla^ 


a  ordered  to  be  taken  « 


iwbolesome  food,  and  a  great 
lack  of  tidiness.  Tliis  was  the  condition  of 
theEnglish  people  in  the  reign  of  Kdwardllf. 
Even  the  nobility  went  without  chairs  and 
tables,  and  sat  upon  the  chests  that  con- 
tained their  clothes  and  linen.  The  skill  of 
other  trades  was  on  a  level  with  that  of  the 
carpenter,  and  agriculture  was  as  low  in  the 
scale  as  any  of  the  arts. 

The  first  saw-mill  built  in  England  was 
by  a  Dutchman;  but  the  opposition  of  the 
men  who  worked  by  hand  was  so  great  that 
he  had  to  pull  it  down.  In  17t)7  another 
was  erected ;  but  a  mob  tore  it  down.  So 
progress  has  everywhere  had  to  overcome 
obstacles. 

In  imt,  some  friars  in  Switzeriand  wished 
to  build  a  windmill,  to  save  tbe  labor  of 
grinding  corn  hy  hand ;  but  a  neighboring 
landlord,  who  had  bought  the  country 
around,  forbade  them,  becauoe,  he  said,  he 
owned  the  winds.  The  bishop  was  ap- 
pealed to,  who  said  the  winds  belonged  to 
the  Church  and  could  not  be  used. 

A  writer,  of  good  authority,  speaking  of 
the  times  of  Henry  VIII.,  says  there  is  no 
doubt  that  the  average  duration  of  human 
life  was,  at  that  period,  not  one-half  us  long 
aa  at  the  present  day.  The  kings  and  no-  I 
bility  of  a  few  centuries  ago  possessed  their 
crowns  and  high-eoundiug  titles,  but  there  is 
not,  in  the  United  Slates,  a  prosperous  me- 
chanic, possessing  a  fair  degree  of  refined 
1  taste  and  education,  who  would  desire  to  ex-  ' 


pulpit  at'acks  i 
the  past  twenty  years 
than  Satan  himself. 
It  seems  rather  odd, 
therefore,  to  read  that 

English  divines,  who 
are  held  in  high  honor 
by  the  religious 
world,  have  said  some 
appreciative  worda 
aboutDarvrin.  Canon 
Liddon,  of  St.  Paul's, 
the  author  of  "  The 
Divinity  ..f  Our  Lord 
and  Savi.iiir  Jesus 
Chrisi,"saidtl.atMr. 
Darwin's  tlM'.iries  are 
notnece.«sarily  hostile 
to  the  fundamental 
truths  of  ndigion. 
Canon  Uarry,  author 
of  orthodox  commen- 
taries on  portions  of 
the  Bible,  said  that 
the  doctrine  of  evo- 
lution lent  itself  as 
readily  to  promises 
of  God  as  less  com' 
plete  explanations  of 
the      ■ 


inside 


Prolhero  paid  a  graceful  tribute  to  Dar- 
win's charity  as  the  true  essence  of  the 
spirit  of  Christianity.  Some  men  outside 
the  Church  have  never  imagined  that 
there  was  an  irrepressible  conflict  between 
science  and  religion,  but  the 
quoted  above  sliould  teach  m 
of  churches  that  it  is  the  fashi^ 
true  leaders  of  religious  thought  1 
that  God  hafl  revealed  Himself  in 
well  as  words,  and  that  the  real 
the  faith  are  they  who  deny  all  heavenly 
records  that  were  not  made  with  the  pen. — 
i\r.  Z.  Merald.  ^_ 

A  wit  being  asked,  on  tbe  failure  of  a 
bank,  "Were  you  not  upset?"  replied: 
"  No,  I  only  lost  my  balance." 

Precedence  and  age:  There  is  a  story  of 
Solomon  not  contained  in  tlie  "Book  of 
Kings."  Two  of  bis  court  damsels  bad 
a  row  as  to  precedence.  Solomon  looked 
kindly  and  said,  "  Let  the  eldest  go  first,'* 
and  the  damsels  embraced  and  went  in  to- 
gether with  entwined  arms. —  Quig. 

Dr.  Holland,  who  translated  "Pliny's 
Natural  History*'  in  the  sixteenth  century, 

"  With  one  sole  jieu  1  wrote  this  book, 
Made  of  a  gray-goose  quill; 
A  pen  it  was  when  it  I  took, 
A  pen  I  leave  it  still." 

— Stationer. 


.Vl{  1     -iOl'KV.VI. 


Why  I   Take    More   Pains  With 
My  Penmanship. 


Tu  whore  t 


For  -bta 

nd 

rriDiod 

blind: 

Wu  CTer  a 

uc 

pn. 

oking  v 

rk— 

■Tl.c»rt 

'" 

h,t 

be  bj— 

ByKtrin 

an- 

<.'■ 

"TJIo«iWiI««y 

ubvUmmtdl  "it  t^oW. 

■TAMe^nih 

yu  bt  danntd" 

"TAou  art  tht  u 

me"la  rendered  "Id >TU 

It  really  U  t 

wbad; 

And  bera  been 

aw  on  ••*■•!.  out. 

Ky"hMlyt 

taW-i.-marf"; 

They  drove  he 

r  blind  by  poking  tn 

Ad '■."■-» 

ADd  now  they 

ve  gouged  it  out  again, 

And  male  h 

f  oraiy.  too. 

"WhtTfarelht 

Miuufitd  that  thou 

SfiouUl'it  Kv 

ttottinffuntunfft" 

Thiii  ran  roy  \ 

"Shouliftt  (tv 

to  Jong  unhung." 

•"ThtfaUofwm 

nan't  U>vt  U  Chint." 

BvforelK&wthellghtl 
[let'i  itop  and  recapitulate ; 


I  «H*h  I b 
I'd  banc  I 


Educational  Notes. 

[C«miniinicalinn«  for  ihiR  Dniai-I merit  nmv 
he  a.Mrf Med  to  B.  F.  Kkt  lev.  2nr>  Br.,.i.Uvny. 
tivvr  York.     Brief  eHiicational  iiema  aolicited.] 

Edinburgh  Univorsily  has  3,237  students 
this  y«ar. 

President  White  Bays  he  will  stop  Imziug 
If  he  is  obliged  to  expel  every  Clasa  in 
Comell. 

Taxation  fnr  ednoAtion  prm-idps  less  than 
$\  for  each  pupil  of  the  public  schools  of 
Georgia. 

The  C'lrnpll  University  reginter  shows 
total   of  n84  fftndfnts.    The  Senior  Class 
numbers  5-1. — Golden  Tittle. 

The  avent^e  daily  attendanre  in  the  public 
schools  of  New  OrieftTiR  is  16,142,  the  num- 
ber  of  pupils  regisiored  beiug  lO.JMH. 

There  is  a  schnol  population  of  744.381 
in  Miwonri,  and  school  funds  to  the  amount 
of  t54y,(i7 1.8:1  have  just  been  distributed. 

The  daughter  of  the  late  C-nninodorc 
Maury,  who  awisted  hiui  in  the  conijiilalion 
of  his  well  known  ecojfraphicAl  series,  is  a 
school-teacher  in  Richmond,  Va. 

The  new  educational  bill  to  \n;  reported 
to  the  Senate  appropriates  $10,000,000  to 
be  distributed  among  the  States  aad  Ter- 
tUoriac  where  Ulitdrac;  most  abooula  ■ 


By  a  largo  vole  the  Legislature  of  Mas- 
sarhuselts  has  abolished  the  school  district 
system,  and  the  government  of  the  schools 
now  becomes  vested  iu  the  towus  of  the 
Common  wealth. 

Calcutta  University  is  a  remarkably  pros- 
perous aoi)  useful  iustituiioo.  Last  year, 
out  of  2,793  candidates  fur  RdmissioD,  l.fitiS 
pasced.  Six  women  took  the 
aintnation,  and  four  v 


The  literary  and  industrial  school  which 
Mr.  E.  S.  M"rrii«,  of  Philadelphia,  estab- 
lished at  Arthiiigton,  Liberia,  Africa,  for  the 
education  t-f  the  sons  of  chiefe,  is  now  in 
Buccessful  and  most  promising  operation. 

After  Daniel  Webster  left  Dartmouth 
college  he  tiiught  school  at  Fryeburg, 
Maine,  for  S-'JSO  a  year,  out  of  whieh  he  one 
year  paid  his  brother  Ezekiel  $100  to  help 
him  through  Dartmouth.— jdmei'ican  Jour. 
of  Ed. 

Among  the  nineteen  gi-aduates  at  the 
Women's  Medical  College  in  Philadelphia, 
three  of  the  ladies  were  from  Massachusetts, 
two  from  Maine,  and  oue  each  from  Den- 
mark, the  Hawaiian  Islands  and  Burmah. — 
Am.  Jour,  of  Ed. 

The  number  of  students  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Vienna  during  the  past  term  was 
4,823.  This  is  the  largest  attendance  known 
there  for  two  centuries,  and  places  Vienna 
at  the  head  of  all  the  universities  of  Austria- 
Germany. — Sunday  Advertisei: 

In  the  twenty  German  Universities,  says 
ihe  Independctit,  there  were  22,792  students 
registered  for  the  wiuter  season  of  1881- 
1882,  of  whom  1,241  were  foreign.  The 
medical  students  numbered  5,002,  and  310 
of  them  were  aliens.— ffoWwi  Rule. 

Take  the  three  great  States  of  Penn- 
sylvania, Ohio  and  Illinois,  and  we  find  that 
of  the  persons  who  cannot  read  and  write, 
one  in  ten  is  a  pauper ;  while  of  the  persons 
who  can  read  and  write,  only  one  in  three 
hundred  is  a  pauper. — Am.  Jour,  of  Ed. 

There  is  a  college  at  the  University  of 
Oxford,  England,  in  which  all  the  professors 
are  pronounced  Agnostics.  This  is  a  big 
change  from  the  days  of  old,  when  that  in- 
stitution was  Catholic  in  its  students,  its 
teachers,  and  its  course  of  studies. — Catholic 

London  University  has  resolved  to  admit 
its  female  graduates  to  Convocation.  Thus 
young  women  may  not  only  take  degrees 
there,  but  may  take  part  in  the  government 
of  the  University.  This  is  the  furthest  step 
towards  "  etiual  rights  "  that  has  yet  been 
made  by  any  institution  of  learning. —  West- 
ern Ed.  Journal. 

ChiesKo  has  enrolled  59,562  children  in 
her  publie  enhnol?.  She  pays,  per  annum, 
her  school  officers,  $n.;i(i4  H4  ;  and  her  teach- 
ers,  $583,037.  Cinoiunati  has  35,750  child- 
ren enrolled  ;  she  paysherofficprs,  $11,503.- 
(17;  and  her  tpachera,  $015,000.  Next  to 
Boston,  Cincinnati  pays  more  per  capita  for 
the  edueatiou  of  her  youth  than  any  city  of 
tho  United  States. 

The  Ladies*  College  at  Cambridge,  Eng- 
land, is  in  K  moiit  flourishing  and  healthy 
condition.  Young  ladies  of  uny  rank,  and 
ladies  of  any  age  f/om  eighteen  to  forty, 
tioi-k  there,  and  to  obtain  entrance  is  he- 
eomiug  quite  a  matter  of  favor.  Miss  Glad- 
stone, daughter  of  the  Premier,  i*  one  of 
those  who  takes  the  deepest  interest  in  the 
college,  and  it  is  expected  will  ere  long  be 
elected  and  appointed  as  principal. — School 
Journal. 

The  public  schools  of  the  State  of  New 
York  were  last  year  attended  by  1,021,282 
children,  a  smaller  number  by  10,000  than 
was  recorded  in  1880.  Of  the  30,820  teach- 
ers euiployed,  23,177  were  women.  The 
average  annual  salary  of  each  teacher  was 
$375.0t>,  the  whole  amount  exjieuded  in 
salaries  beiug  $7,775,505.22.  The  State 
has  11,248  school-houses.  The  total  amount 
expended  upon  _the  schools  last  year  was 
$10,808,802.40.— CArufMM  Advocate. 


Educational  Fancies. 

No  matter  how  fast  your  pen  may  fly, 
your  paper  is  stationery. 

A  boy  says  in  his  composition  that  "onions 
are  the  vegetable  that  makes  you  sick  if  you 
don't  eat  them  yourself." 

Young  Brown  called  a  certain  seminary 
where  hi-*  sweetheart  went  to  school  "  Ex- 
perience." because  he  said  experience  was  a 
dear  school. 

A  contemporary  mentions  a  case  beyond 
the  ordinary  oculist.  It  is  that  of  a  young 
lady  who,  instead  of  a  pupil,  has  a  college 
student,  iu  her  eye. 

The  Yale  College  Faculty  have  declared 
that  hereafter,  when  the  seniors  or  sopho- 
mores injure  a  freshman,  the  guilty  party 
shall  be  punished  just  as  if  they  had  injured 
a  human  beiug. 

"  Where  is  ihe  Island  of  Java  situated  f  " 
asked  a  school-teacher  of  a  small,  rather 
forlorn  lookiug  boy.  "  I  dunuo,  sir."  "  Don't 
you  know  where  coffee  comes  from  t"  "  Yes, 

Puck  gives  the  following: — 

Before  the  whole  whool  'twM  uu  oi.  d; 


"No,"  he  said,  "I  don't  enjoy  howling 
around  at  night,  tearing  down  signs,  mak- 
ing love  to  burlestiue  actresses,  and  making 
everybody  wlio  sees  me  tired.  But  I  am  a 
Harvard  student,  and  don't  want  to  appear 


Did  you  ever  notice  that  tho  chap  who  is 
always  carving  his  initials  upon  the  fence, 
trees,  and  his  desk  at  school,  seldom,  if 
ever,  writes  his  name  upon  the  age  in  which 
he  lives?  He  commences  carving  too  early 
and  gets  tired. 

"Why  did  God  forbid  Adam  and  Eve  to 
eat  of  the  forbidden  fruit?  "  asked  an  Austin 
Sunday-school  teacher  of  his  class.  "  For 
fear  thej'  might  fall  out  of  the  tree  and  hurt 
themselves,''  replied  Jimmie  Fizzleton,  who 
had  his  arm  in  a  sling.— lexas  Siftings. 

Nine  American  colleges  have  adopted  the 
Oxford  cap.  This  is  well.  Heretofore  about 
the  only  thing  that  distinguished  a  college 
student  from  other  people  has  been  the  bad 
spelling  in  his  letters  home,  asking  for 
money  to  "  buy  books." — Detroit  l''ree  Press. 
A  very  severe  case  :  "  Tommy  :  "  Oh ! 
oh!  oh!  mamma,  I've  rund  a  great  big 
splinter  iu  my  hcnd,  and  it  hurls  so  offul  I 
can't  go  to  school."  Mauiuui :  "  Hut,  my 
dear,  mamma  dosen't  see  anything  the  mat- 
ter." Tommy :  "  Oh  !  oh  I  Zen  I  guess  it 
must  be  ze  uzzer  hand." 

Sic  transit  drove  a  tu  pone  tandem  temo 
tier  fnuu  the  north.  He  is  visiting  his  ante, 
Mrs.  Dido  Etdux,  and  intends  stopping  here 
till  ortum.  He  et  suj)er  vrirh  us  last  even- 
ing, and  is  a  terrible /ei?o.  He  lambda  man 
almost  to  death  the  other  evening,  but  he  cot 
hie  match, — the  other  man  cutis  nos  off  and 
noclem  flat  urna  flounder. — Educational 
Reporter. 

"  Now  don't  fret,  Freddie,"  said  a  fond 
sist'^r;  "Harry  will  soon  be  well  again, 
and  then  he  can  go  to  school  with  you." 
"  I  don't  care  so  much  about  his  getting 
well,"  replied  the  heartless  Fred;  "  but  I 
wish  he'd  hurry  back  to  school.  When  he 
was  there  I  was  the  lowest  boy  in  the  class, 
except  one,  and  now  I'm  the  lowest.  And 
I  just  hate  to  be  clean  at  the  very  foot  of  all 
the  other  fellows." 

Ho  was  a  graduate  of  Harvard,  and  he 
got  a  position  on  oue  of  the  Philadelphia 
dailies  last  week.  "  Cut  that  stuff  of  yours 
down,"  said  the  city  editor  as  the  new  roan 
came  in  with  a  column  where  a  stick  was 
desired.  "  Do  you  desire  a  judicious  elimina- 
tion of  the  superfluous  phraseology  T  "  mildly 
returned  the  Harvard  man.  "  No  Boil  it 
do^Ti ! "  thundered  the  city  ed.  The  new 
man  Is  gone  now — gone  back  to  Boston. 
He  says  there  ain't  "culchah"  enough  in 
Philadelphia.— .Forney's  Press. 


Country-woman,  to  Parson,  who  had 
called  to  ask  why  Johnny,  the  eldest,  had 
not  been  lately  to  school,  "  Why,  he  was 
thirteen  year  old  last  week,  sir!  I'm  sure 
he've  had  school  enough.  He  must  know 
a'most  everything  now- 1"  Parson  :  "  Thir- 
tf-en,  Mrs.  Xap[ier!  why,  that's  nothing. 
I  didn't  fluifh  iny  education  till  I  was  three 
and  twenty  !  "  Country  -  woman  :  "  Lor', 
sir !  You  don't  mean  to  say  you  were  such 
a  thick-head  as  that !" — School  Journal. 

Here  is  a  picture  of  a  school  Mom.  She 
is  Net  pretty — The  younger  scholars  say 
she  isn't  Sweet.  They  say  she  comes  to 
school  some  momiugs  very  late.  Then  she 
is  very  Fierce.  It  isn't  nice  to  be  very 
fierce— She'd  be  good  if  she  was  younger- 
and  her  pupils  older — sometimes  she  loves 
one  of  her  pupils — but  not  often — when  she 
loves  one  of  her  pupils  she  is  gentle  and 
Winning — so  winning  that  Ho  loves  her 
Better'n  gooseberry  tarts — when  she  don't 
love  one  of  her  pupils  She  makes  it  Lively 
for  All  of  thein— Be  good  and  she  may  Love 
you — if  she  loves  you  you  may  be  happy — 
if  you  are  virtuous — Is  it  not  better  to  be 
virtuous  and  loved  than  for  the  schoolmam 
to  make  it  lively  for  you  T — Ex. 

The  youth  that  parts  his  hair  at  the  equa- 
tor, sucUs  the  head  of  a  rattan  cano,  squints 
with  dreamy  -  lookiug  eyes  through  hairy 
glasses,  wears  No.  5  boots  on  No.  6  feet, 
sports  a  double-breasted  watch-chain  to 
which  is  anchored  a  $4  watch,  wears  a 
horse's  hoof  scarf-pin  and  sporting-dog  studs, 
and  says,  "deuced,"  "aw,  yes,  demmo," 
and  "  Don't  you  fail  to  remember  it,"  has  a 
soft  thing  iu  this  world.  He  wears  it  in  his 
hat,  just  beneath  an  unusually  thick  skull. — 
Notre  Dame  Scholastic. 

[The  reader  will  please  pardon  the  plac- 
ing of  this  Educational  fact  among  tho  Ed- 
ucational Fancies. — Ed.] 

Great  Things  of  the  World. 
The  greatest  thing  in  the  world  is  the 
Falls  of  Niagara ;  the  largest  cavern,  the 
Mammoth  Cave  of  Kentucky  j  the  largest 
river,  the  Mississippi — four  thousand  miles 
in  extent ;  the  largest  valley,  that  of  the 
Mississippi  —  its  area  five  million  square 
miles ;  the  greatest  city  park,  that  of  Phila- 
delphia, containing  two  thousand  seven  hun- 
dred acres  ;  tlie  greatest  grain  port,  Chicago ; 
the  biggest  lake,  Lake  Superior ;  the  long- 
est railroad,  the  Pacific  Railroad — over  three 
thousand  miles  in  extent.  The  most  huge 
mass  of  solid  iron  is  Pilot  Knob  of  Missouri 
— height,  two  hundred  and  fifty  feet ;  cir- 
cumference, two  miles.  The  best  specimen 
of  architecture,  Girard  College,  Philadel- 
phia ;  tho  largest  a«[ueduct,  the  Croton,  of 
New  York — length,  forty  and  one-half 
miles;  cost,  twelve  million  five  hundred 
thousand  dollars ;  tlie  longest  bridge,  the 
Elevated  Railroad  in  Third  avenue.  New 
York — it  extends  from  the  Battery  to  the 
Harlem  River,  the  whole  length  of  the  east- 
ern side  of  the  Manhattan  Island,  seven 
miles  long,  or  nearly  forty  thousand  yards. 
The  longest  bridge  over  water,  however, 
will  be  that  now  beiug  coustructed  in  Russia 
over  the  Volga  at  a  point  where  the  river 
is  nearly  four  miles  wide.  The  most  ex- 
tensive depoeiis  of  anthracite  coal  mines 
are  in  Pennsylvania. 


Flujh  KHluy. 
Kote*  to  ^7. 


VIST  .lOUK.NAI. 


VHT  JOIUNAL 


ADVERTISING   RATES. 

SlogU  iDMrtiuD,  ii  cciiU  p«T  linn  nonpareil. 
Inmn ^w'    tU.UO      tlW.OO      |l.- 


I.  13  U 


S.75 


LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 

>  hop«>  lo  render  rhe  JoUliHAt  ■alUolfnlly  intei 


\y  I{.N„r,l   .._ lexaail 

«  oooiM  and  |3  we  will  fomitnt  Ihe  large  Cet 


•  and  tlSve^i 
iird'a  QeuiB  or  I 

TO  CLUBS: 


Th 

^f^'o'^imooS 

Iwund  01  n«arly  n*  p. 
^JLiiler  dMigned  for 

Z 

U'liw.    Money  e 

byPo.l^lIlMOrderor 

PENMAN 

S  ART  JOURNAL, 
SKIS  Bruudiviiy,  Ne 

LONDON   AGENCY. 

&u 

PESMAK8    AllT    J0\ 

Molico  w  11  be  fflven  by  po.tttl-cu 
Ihe  «ii|>lmibn  »(  itieir  ■iibw^npiloiii 
paper  wlU,  in  all  raw*,  be  stopped  i 


New  York,  Ju 


1B82. 


Apology. 

An  wn  linTo  said  before,  we  dislike  apolo- 
gies, »ii.i  M-.k  ns  far  as  ia  possible  to  avoid 
occ4i»i  1)  '..1-  iiiHliingtIiein,  butcirciniiataDccs 
have  8  ui.' .!  lo  conspire  to  delay  tlie  issue 
of  thu  present  number  of  the  Journal. 

yirst.  We  liad  to  attend  the  Convention, 
and  bciug  so  far  West  we  could  but  tarry  a 
little  with  t.ld  fri.-nd3,  for  you  know  "  Old 
frieDds  should  not  be  forgotten."  And  then 
of  course,  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer  had  to  go  to 
the  Convention.  Thinlc  of  a  Penmen's  Con- 
vention without  Spencer ;  and  he,  beiog  in 
the  land  of  his  own  early,  as  well  as  an- 
oesiral,  fame,  lingered  among  old  friends,  all 
unmindful  tliat  the  readers  of  the  Journal 
were  auxioiidy  waitiug  for  "Lesson  in 
Practiwil  Writing  No.  :>" ;  and  we  are  sorry 
to  anuounoe  that,  owing  to  the  lateness  of 
the  arrival  of  the  **  copy  "  for  the  Lesson  and 
the  drawing  for  the  illustrations,  that  it  is 
quite  impossible  to  delay  our  issue  for  the 
engraving,  hence  the  Lesson  designed  for 
the  June  will  appear  in  the  July  number, 
which  will  be  mailed  on  the  fifteenth  of  that 
month,  and  wo  think  we  can  safely  assure 
onr  wadere  that  ihp  Journal  will  hereafter 
be  regularly  maiUd  not  later  than  the  35th 
of  each  ui.iLtli. 

The  Lt-ssou  in  the  July  number  will  be 
the  most  interesting  and  elaborately  iUus- 
trated  Lesson  ever  printed  in  a  penman's 
paper. 


Look  Out  For  Him. 

R.  S.  Ellis,  dealer  in  stationery,  etc.,  at 
Nevada,  Ma.,  makes  inquiry  of  ns  respect- 
ing one  E.  B.  Crandle,  who  makes  use  of  a 
strong  testimonial  from  us,  upon  a  cirrular 
annoanciug  himself  an  a  specially  skilled, 
plain  and  ornamental  card-writer;  and  wlm, 
Mr.  Ellis  adds,  '*  bought  on  short  time  cpiite 
a  bill  of  merchandise  of  me,  and  then  left 
for  parts  unknown."  On  a  circular  inclosed 
by  Mr.  Ellis,  we  find  the  following  testi- 
monial : 

Dkar  Sir:— Your 
peiimanxhip  and  card 
nr*  models  of  perft-cti 
in  lh«  sample  of  busii 
much  liked  hy  busin 
i-npiility  with  bcauly. 


specimens  of  rummercini 
■writing  received.  They 
on.  What  I  admire  niuat 
less  band.  This  style  is 
esB  men.  as  it  combiiiea 
Dasi,.  T.  Asies. 

[•«  AKT  JOUKXAK  N.  V.  dty. 


All  of  which  is  simon-pure  fraud,  having 
never  before,  to  our  knowledge,  heard  of 
E.  B.  Crandle,  and  certainly  we  are  in  no 
way  the  author  of  the  above  testimonial. 

Mr.  Crandle  evidently  fills  the  hill  as  a 
fir«t-elnss  fraud. 


The  Detection  of  Forgeries. 

Of  all  the  millions  .if  adults  who  write, 
no  two  wrile  in  all  respects  alike.  Between 
the  writing  of  different  persons,  differences 
exist  as  marked  and  as  inevitable  as  are  the 
difference  of  features,  voice,  habit  and  dress. 
It  is  an  admitted  fact  that  in  every  hand- 
writing there  are  well  nigh  innumeralde 
personal  and  habitual  characteristics,  the 
ujajor  part  of  which  are  unnoted  by  the 
writer  himself,  and  can  only  be  discovered 
byanother  person,  except  by  long  and  acute 
observation  :  hence  it  is  that  a  forger  rarely 
possesses  the  power  to  avoid  wholly  his  own 
habit  of  writing,  and  lo  copy  perfectly  that 
(»f  iinother  person.  It  is  due  to  this  fact  that 
skilled  experts  are  able  to  detect  almost  all 
forgeries  through  the  discovery  of  the 
forger's  habit,  and  the  absence  of  the  genu- 
ine habit  nf  writing  which  he  seeks  to  im- 
itate. 

It  is  an  easy  matter  for  a  skilled  imitator 
of  writing  to  copy  a  signature  or  a  short 
piece  of  i 


that  the  art  of  writing  weU  can  go  hand  in 
hand  with  broad  and  thorough  culture  in 
the  sciences  and  classics. 

Miss  C.  M.  Duty,  a  niece  of  Prof.  Spen- 
cer, of  Spencerian  celebrity,  has  conducted 
the  writing- classes  during  the  past  year, 
and  led  them  to  the  attainment  of  the  best 
results  in  prantii-al  chirography. 

The  Spencer  Brothers'  latest  publication, 
known  as  "The  Standard,"  was  placed  in 
the  bauds  of  the  pupils  during  the  past 
month  of  the  school  work.  Quite  a  num- 
ber of  the  patrons  of  the  Institute  are 
among  the  thousands  of  valued  snbscribers 
and.  readers  of  the  Penman'k  Art  Journal. 


The  King  Club 

For  the  present  month  numbers  thirty-eight, 
and  comes  from  H.  T.  Loomis.  teacher  of 
writing  at  the  Spencerian  Business  College, 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  Prof.  Loomis  is  one  of 
the  most  skillful  writers  and  teachers  of  the 
West,  and  evidently  appreciates  the  Journal 
as  an  aid  to  good  teaching.  The  second 
largest  club  numbers  thirteen,  and  comes 
from  J.  F.  Whitleather,  teacher  of  writing 
at  Fort  Wayne  (Ind.)  Business  College. 
The  third  largest  club  comes  from  A.  G. 
Street,  Lead  City,  D.  T.,  and  numbers  hrehe. 

The  Hill  Prizes  for  Penmanship. 

In  another  column  will  be  foun.l  an  ad- 
vertisement from  Prof.  Tiios.  E.  Hill,  offering 
several  liberal  prizes  for  superior  designs  of 
penmanship.  In  response  to  numerous  in- 
quiries for  information  respecting  the  proper 
method  for  their  execution  we  here  re-insert 
an  article  which  appeared  in  mir  February 


Su.; 


iESTlONS; 

e,  of  th. 


original 
best  effei-t  when 
led  by  Mr.  Hill  is 


■itiug 
resemblance  whei 
When  such,  even 

l.y    at 


as  to  get  a  very  close 
looked  at  as  a  whole, 
the  fact,  a  detailed  ex- 
expert    will    suffice   to 

show  that  1  here  is  very  little;  if  any,  charac- 
teristic resemblance.     It  is  also  a  fact,  that 

although  the  different  autographs  written  by 

the  same  person  may  present  a  widely  difl'er- 

ent  appeanmce,  as  respect^'  size,  -Inpe,  and 

freedom,  yr  t,  when  examined  in  detail,  the 

closeness  of  the  habitual  characteristics  vrill 

be  astonishing  to   those   who  have  never 

made  a  study  of  handwriting.      The    ap- 

pa'ent  resemblance  that  exists  between  the 

genuine  and  forged  writing,  is  as  that  of  a 

kernel  of  corn  and  a  pea,  which  chance  to 

have  a  similar  form,  while  the  variations 

between  the  different  writings  of  the  same 

persons  are  aa  the  varying  sizes  and  forms 

of  different  kernels  of  corn,  which,  however 

widely  they   may  differ   in   their  size  and 

outline,  cannot  be  mistaken  in  their  identity 

by  persons  who  are  familiar  with  corn  and 

peas. 

Good  Results  and  their  Causes. 

Among  the  institutions  of  learning  in  the 
City  of  New  York,  Dr.  J.  Sach's  Collegiate 
Institute  is  one  of  the  most  noteworthy. 

Some  of  the  most  prominent  men  in  liter- 
ary, business,  and  political  circles  in  this 
country  place  their  sons  there  to  be  educated, 
lustruftors  known  to  he  experts  and  special- 
isU  are  employed  in  the  different  depart- 
ments of  the  school,  and  receive  the  most 
liberal  compensation  for  active,  effective 
teaching.  Physical  as  well  M^  mental  traiu- 
ing  is  duly  provided  for.  A  well  equipped 
gymnasium  forms  one  of  the  many  excellent 
features  of  the  institution. 

We  recently  examined  the  chirographic         The  Rev.  R.  H.  Howard,  of  Sax 
specimens  ofthe  junior  and  advanced  classes,     Mass.,  says:  "The  specimens  of  Pen -Art 
and  found  them  of  the  beat  we  have  ever     contained  in  your  Journal  are  simply  . 
seen.     The  practical  good  taste  exhibited  in      derful,  while  the  sentiments  expressed 
the  specimens  gives   indubiuble   evi.dence  I  characterized  by  sterling 


First. — Hej  pectiug 
work,  which  will  givi 
reproduced.     The  siz( 

9x()  inches,  i.  e.,  the  pages  are  nine  inches 
long  by  six  inches  wide.  In  engraving,  the 
work  should  be  reduced  at  least  one-half, 
I.  e.,  the  original  should  he  18x12  inches, 
and  if  it  is  executed  in  strong  and  open 
lines,  it  may  be  22^x15. 

iScronrf.— Materials.  Use  a  fine  quality  of 
Bristol-board,  and  a  fine  quality  of  hlack 
India-ink,  freshly  ground  from  a  stick,  in  a 
tray  having  rain- water,  and  remove  all  pen- 
cil lines  with  sponge- rubber.  Hard  rubber 
will  not  only  remove  much  of  the  ink,  but 
will  tear  up  the  fibre  of  the  paper,  and  thus 
break  or  make  ragged  the  delicate  hair  lines, 
which  will,  therefore,  fail  of  a  good  result 
when  photo-engraved.  All  lines,  when  work 
is  finished,  must  be  entirely  black. 

Pens.— For  script  writing,  use  Gillott's 
":J03,"  or  Spencerian  Artistic  No.  H.  For 
fine  drawing  or  tinting,  use  the  "a03,"or 
Crow  Quill.  For  flourishing,  use  Spencerian 
No.  1,  or  Ames's  Penman's  Favorite. 

To  those  who  may  be  unable  to  procure 
thfse  articles,  or  are   uncertain   respecting 
their  quality,  we  will  forward  them  by  mail 
from  this  oHice,  as  follows: 
Extra  tine  three-ply  Bristol-board — 

22x28,  per  board 50 

Per  i  dozen,  by  express  ....  2.00 

India  Ink,  per  stick 1. 00 

Crow  Qtiill  pens,  per  doz ."j? 

Gillott's  "3()H,"  per  gross   .     .     .  l,'2!i 
Spencerian  Artistic,  per  gross  .     .  J.S.'i 


Acknowledgment. 

Tickets  of  invitation  were  received  by  us 
to  participate  in  an  excursion  of  the  students 
of  the  Eastman  Business  College  down  the 
Hudson  on  May  20tb. 

Alsotickets  of  invitation  from  the  students 
of  Nehson's  Business  Colleges  of  Cincinnati 
and  Springfield,  Ohio,  to  their  annual  pic- 
nic on  the  3d  inst.  We  hereby  return  our 
thanks  for  the  very  courteous  invitations, 
and  express  our  regret  at  not  being  able  to 
avail  ourselves  of  the  proffered  hospitality. 


Report    of   the    Fourth    Annual 

Convention  of  the  Business 

Educators  and   Penmen. 

The  Couvenlion  ,-..mnieii.ed  on  Junelith, 

)U''e,   in  Cincinnati,  and 

Q  Juneyth.    The  foUow- 

present : 

litwaukei*.  President. 
York,  Secretary. 


Ainei 


1 .00 


Sponge-rubber,  per  piece   .     .     .     .CO 

Since  it  is  the  desire  of  the  editors  of  the 

Journal  to  hold  an  entirely  unprejudiced 

position  in  this  matter,  and  one  which  shall 

at  all  times  enable    them    to    do  impartial 


indii 


at  the  Gibson  ; 
closed  its  session 
ing  members  wei 

R.  C.  Sl-RNCKIt 

C.  E.  Cady.  H, 
R.  M.  Bartlet 
S.  S.  Packard.  New  York. 
Hon.  Ira  Mayhicw,  Detroit. 
liicHAHD  Nelson,  Cincinnati. 
H.  H.  Nklson,  ColumbuH.  Ohio. 

D.  T.  A  Mica,  New  York. 
Trios.  E.  Hill,  Chicngo. 

W.  H.  Sl-HAGUF.,  Clyde.  Ohio. 
T.  J.RisiNGER,  Sharou,Pft. 
Hon.  E.  WuiTE,  Puugbkeephie,  N. 
G.  W.  Brown,  Jncksonvillti,  III. 
A.  L.  Wy.man,  Omaha,  Neb. 
L.  L.  Williams,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
W.  H.  Sadler,  Baltimore,  Md. 
G.  W.  MtciiAEL,  Delaware,  O. 
H.  W.  Herron.  ViTiuont,  111. 
H.  C.  Miller,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 
W.  N.  Yerex,  London.  Out. 
H.  C.  Spencer,  WaBbiugton,  D.  C, 
H.  A.  Spencer,  New  York. 
Hon.  A.  J.  Ryder.  Trenton,  N.  J. 

E.  BuRKETT,  Baltimore.  Md. 
E.  W.  Smith,  Lexington,  Ky. 
W.  I.  Faddis,  St.  Paul.  Minn. 
C.  H.  PKIRCK,  Ker.kuk,  Iowa 

W.  T.  Watson.  Knoxville,  Teiui. 
C.  Baylies,  Dubuque,  lows. 
.1.  M.  Frasher,  Wheeling,  W.  Vs. 
W.  M.  Cari'entkr,  St.  LouiM. 
A.  E.  Nelson.  Ciiiciunali. 
H.  A.  Stoddard,  Rockford,  III. 
Hon.  A.  D.  Wilt,  Dayton,  O. 
N.  R.  Luck,  Union  City,  Pa. 


A.  H.  HiNMA 

Bkhtiia  a.  Baron,  Lowell,  Mass. 

Ella  Nku«<un,  Cincinnati. 

Mrs.  A.  II.  HiNMAN.  Worcester,  Majto. 

Mrs.  A.  D.  Wilt,  Dayloii,  Ohio. 

Mrs.  .1.  M.  Frasiikr.  Wlietling,  W.  Va. 

Mrs.  INO.  RiGGS,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

W.  S.  Caiivkr.  Toulon,  III. 

G.  W.  Michael,  Delaware.  O. 

Frank  Goodm^vn,  Nasliville,  Tenn. 

F.  M.  CilOUUlLL,  Zaneaville,  O. 

E.  K.  Bryan,  Columbus,  O. 

E.  J.  Heer,  Kokomo,  Ind. 

S.  P.  Glunt,  Union  Oily,  Ind. 

Dr.  J.  C.  Bryant,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

E.  R.  Fklton.  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

W.  C.  IsnKLL,  Tene  Haute.  Ind. 

A.  W.  Dudley,  Min^hell.  Ind. 

C.  T.  Smith,  Jacksonville,  HI. 

S.  R.  Hopkins.  New  York. 

E.  W.  Smith,  Lexington,  Ky. 

Inasmuch  as  a  complete  report  of  the 
proceedings  Js  to  be  puMished  in  pamphlet 
form,  and  can  be  had  by  all  who  dre  spe- 
cially interested,  we  shall,  at  this  time, 
present  a  brief  general  report,  giving  only 
such  parts  of  the  proceedinj;8  as  are  deemed 
of  interest  to  the  patrons  of  the  Journal. 
The  attendance  was  large,  and  the  proceed- 
ings interesting,  barmonious  and  enthusiastic. 

On  the  evening  of  the  .'ith  instant  a  large 
number  of  the  members  having  gathered  at 
the   Gibson   House,  they   were   invited    by 
lual  members,  and  to^render  |  members  of  the  Reception  Committee-cou- 
"""  *"""'  '  '     '  sisting  of  Miss   Ella  Nelson,  Mrs.  A.  H. 

Hinn.au,  Miw  Ina  Rigt:s.  and  Met^Ms.  R.  J. 
and  II.  H.  Nelson— into  the  Hotel's  spaeiou 
Parlors,  set  apart  for  the  members  and 
guests  of  the  Convention,  where  all  wero 
made  acquainted  with  each  otlier,  and  the 
evening  passed  in  pleasant  social  intercourse. 
The  elegant  piano  in  the  parlor  was  re- 
sonant with  melody  under  the  skillful  touch 
of  Miss  EUa  NelsoUj  while  Qumerous  Toic«i 


the  greatest  sorvic*'  to  the  entire  proft 
they  hereby  announce  that  th.-y  will  ri'fraio 
from  entering  into  competition  for  any  of  the 
above-named  prizes. 


uined  in  (wveral  popular  songs,  among  which 
raa  the  familiar 

ODE  TO  THE  PEN. 

BT  P.  R.  8rB!«  Kiu  Tunr— "AuM  I.«ng  Sjd*." 


rp)« 


Vlilcb  ■Inmp'd  our  Ibougbu  uf  yon, 
ronffb  111  bold  undDga  oft  ngain 
)ur  Iboiifrbta  itill  fivtbly  poor. 


And  glow  Ibru'  every  line. 

The  regular  soasiou  of  the  Conveutloa 
«-a.s  openeij  on  Tuesday  mo'Diug  by  a  short, 
though  intereatinK  ao'l  appropriate,  address 
t'y  the  I're.tident.  Kobcrt  C.  .Spencer,  which 
vvait  followed  hy  an  able  address  of  welcome 
to  the  Association  at  Cincinnati  on  behalf  of 
the  Mayor,  who  was  absent  from  the  city, 
by  Bcnjainin  F.  Hopkins,  Est].,  which  was 
responded  to  by  rrcsident  Spencer  iu  his 
uBiially  felicitous  style.  After  ivliich  there 
»as  an  adjonrnuient  to  2:30  p.  m.,  ivhen 
I'resident  Spencer  opened  the  afternoon 
proceedings  with  an  address,  in  which  ho 
.■•ct  forth  the  growth  of  bu.siuess  colleges 
from  an  experiment  to  an  absolute  necessity. 
Uy  them,  young  men  of  slender  means,  nn- 
.ihle  to  indulge  in  a  course  at  Harvard, 
Yiile  or  Princeton,  were  given  a  sound  and 
practical  business  knowledge,  enabling  them 
successfully  to  battle  in  commercial  life. 
Next  was  read  a  paper  on  the  "Mission  of 
Business  Colleges,"  by  S.  F.  Covington.  It 
was  received  with  applause,  and  a  vote  of 
thanks  order,  d. 

Mr.  Covington  contrasted,  sharply,  the 
mo.les  of  fifty  years  since  and  now,  both  as 
r.-yards  the  securing  of  qualification,  and 
.  litidiicting  business.    He  said  : 

"There  are  many  persons  yet  in  active  life 
wlio  well  remember  when,  aa  a  rule,  the 
course  of  study  for  the  profession  of  medi- 
cine or  of  the  law,  was  tne  reading  of  ele- 
mentary hooks  in  the  office  of,  and  under 
the  instruction  of,  s..ine  practitioner,  and 
where  the  opponuniiv  of  acquiring  a  knowl- 
edge of  the  profession  was  bouniled  by  the 
knowlf.lt.-,-  ami  pva.iii.e  of  the  preceptor. 

1' :ij.:.'     I.  I  l"i' the  law  or  medicine 

-''■•   '•'  :iii;iuee  with  the  duties 

""*'  "-,'  ■  i.  1. 1  cither  profession — 
wa-  a,  MM,.  .1  ,.ulj  afier  years  of  study,  ob- 
scrvaiii.u  an. I  practice.     Therefore,  schools 

"f  I 'i'  i"''  and  of  law  were  established 

that  llic  slii.lcut  might  have  the  benefit  of 
the  long  ami  carefiil  study  and  varied  ex- 
periences of  many  others.  The  necessity 
lor  schools  of  this  kind  is  now  recognized 
everywhere. 

Fifty  years  ago  the  commercial  transac- 
tions of  Ihe  ctiimlry  were  as  nothing  com- 
pared witii  llie  presi'iil.  The  duties  were 
light,  Ihercwas  al.uii.laiit  Ici.Mire,  and  ample 
time  for  ct)Usideration  and  ritlection.  It  was 
before  steam  bad  wrought  such  wouderfiil 
changes  in  transportatiim.  It  was  the  time 
of  the  tardy  team  upon  the  corduroy  roads, 
the  slow  moving  barge  upon  the  rivers  and 
the  sailing  vessel  upon  the  ocean.  It  was 
before  electricity  had  been  hitched  to  the  car 
of  commerce  and  made  to  do  its  mighty 
work.  It  was  before  the  days  of  telegraph. 
It  was  the  days  of  the  slow  horseback  and 
stage-coach  mails.  It  was  before  the  tele- 
phone placed  every  merchant  of  the  same 
city  in  the  same  counting-room.  It  was  the 
lime  when  it  was  not  necessary  to  respond 
t"  a  business  inquiry  or  a  business  propo- 
sition upon  the  instant. 

Ill    those    ,lavs    iiaioral    ,.|,.,.,.,    made    the 

^'"■"  '"'•  ;>  l""    "•■       '   '■  -■    - l<s  forthe 

"'-■""'  ■'  ;■-''-'"  "•  '"■■■;  •it'iii*  with  wide 

'It  iriargiiis  M-as  a  natural  sequence. 
.  i  ythmg  moved  slow  and  no  great  degree 
"'"1  or  physical  Mtivity  was  necessary 

It  is  not  so  now.  The  whole  system  of 
transportation  has  changed.  The  rapidity 
of  transmission  brooks  no  delay  in  shipping 
or  receiving,  and  the  magnitude  of  the  biisi- 
ii',ss  requires  the  enforceiiienl  of  rigid  rules 
Willi  all  its  customers.  Merchandise  is  now 
■  r.lcred  by  telegraph,  received  by  rail,  and 
snipped  with  draft  attached  to  the  bill  of 
lading,  in  less  time  than  it  formerly  took 
a  mercbaut  to  write  hia  memoranda  and 
pack  his  saddle-bags  preparatory  to  the 
louniey  to  his  source  of  supplies, 


The  entire  address  was  full  of  interesting 
and  valuable  information  pertaining  to  its 
subject." 

A.  H.  Hinmao,  of  Worcester,  Mass.,  pre- 
sented the  subject  of  "  Business  Penman- 
ship." For  his  illustrations  he  made  a  free 
and  very  skillful  use  of  the  black-board,  and 
handled  his  subject  with  great  skill.  He 
would  dispense  with  all  flourished  and  super- 
fluous lines,  shorten  the  loops  and  capitals, 
use  a  coarse-pointed  pen  giving  a  strong  up 
or  connecting  line,  and  use  very  little  shade 
in  down  strokes,  at  the  same  time  using 
very  simple  types  for  letters.  He  urged 
strongly  the  importance  of  a  thorough 
knowledge  of,  and  drill  in,  movement — there 
could  be  no  good  rapid  business-writing 
without  a  free  movement.  Legibility,  sim- 
plicity and  rapid  execution  were  the  essen- 
tials of  good  business-writitig. 

Discussions  followed  by  G.  W.  Michael, 
of  Delaware,  Ohio,  and  C.  H.  Peirce,  of 
Keokuk,  Iowa.  Mr.  P.  held  that  speed  in 
writing  may  be  attained  by  making  figures 
—the  ten  digits.  He  states  that  it  is  a  com- 
paratively easy  matter  to  make  120  figures 
a  minute.  He  urged  the  practice  of  figures 
as  the  basis  of  speed  as  well  as  form,  be- 
cause pupils  necessarily  devote  much  of  their 
time  while  iu  school  to  arithmetical  studies, 
requiring  the  rapid  execution  of  figures,  and 
if  allowed  to  make  these  in  an  awkward, 
slovenly  manner,  they  would,  in  three  or 
four  hours'  practice  undo,  all  that  could  be 
learned  in  half  an  hour  of  careful  practice 
at  writing.  He  held  that  movement  should 
precede  form  in  learning  penmanship. 

Mr.  Michael  objected  to  the  modern  copy- 
book, as  not  being  the  best  road  through 
which  to  acqoire  a  good  style  of  penman- 
ship. He  advocated  and  claimed  to  be  able 
to  teach,  from  the  outset,  the  most  rapid 
movement.  He  contended  for  individually 
in  w  ritiug.  "  Let  every  student  write  his 
own  style,  with  proper  limitation  to  size, 
proportion,  etc." 

D.  T.  Ames,  editor  of  the  Penman'.? 
Art  Journal,  argued  that  copy-books  and 
the  systematic  methods  they  inculcate  are  of 
great  benefit  to  students  in  the  public  schools, 
for  the  reason  that  the  average  public 
school  teacher  is  not  sufficiently  well  in- 
formed or  skilled  in  the  treatment  of  the 
subject. 

Mr.  Goodman,  of  Nashville,  condemned 
the  plan  of  placing  in  the  hands  of  young 
writers  several  of  the  lower  numbers  of  copy- 
books which  contain  only  single  lines  and 
principles,  before  giving  them  copies  con- 
taining words  and  sentences,  say  Spencerian 
Copy-book  No.  4. 

In  reply  to  a  question  from  Mr.  Goodman. 
Mr.  Ames  said  that  he  believed  the  element- 
ary practice  in  smne  of  the  public  schools  is 
too  long  spun  out. 

Mr.  liider,  of  Trenton,  animadverted  se- 
verely on  the  methods  which  have  so  much 
prevailed  iu  business  colleges,  of  unnecessary 
and  useless  flourishing.  He  spoke  in  the 
highest  terms  of  the  writing  and  figures  of 
the  sales-girls  in  a  large  Philadelphia  estab- 
lishment, attributing  this  desirable  result  to 
their  constant  practice  and  great  care  in 
making  figures.  Ho  contended  for  a 
great  deal  of  practice  in  the  making  of  fig- 
ures, not  only  for  their  own  sake  but  for  the 
resulting  speed  in  penmanship  in  general. 

Mr.  Carver,  of  Illinois,  held  that  move- 
ment comes  in  natural  order  before  form. 

W.  P.  Bed:ord,  of  Danville,  Ky.,  held 
that  the  teaching  of  single  lines,  straight 
and  curved,  should  precede  the  writing  of 
the  letters  ;  letters  go  in  advance  of  words. 
Ponn  and  movement  should  be  taught  to- 
gether ;  success  in  learning  penmanship  will 
not  so  readily  follow  the  teaching  of  either 
one  separately.  Write  good  copies,  keep 
up  the  interest  of  the  Class  by  good  models 
and  by  personal  ettorO  Ho  held  tliat  shade 
aa  usually  taught  is  hetu-r  than  no  shading. 
In  reply  to  a  question  of  Jlr.  Bedford, 
Mr.  Hiomau  said  that  he  is  evoluling,  going 
through  his  second  childhood  in  writing. 
This  accounts  for  the  apparent  or  real  change 
in  his  method  of  teaching  business  writing. 
The  success  of  this  change  of  front  baa  re-  | 


suited  most   gratiiyingly,   and    warrants  a 
continuance  of  it. 

At  the  evening  session,  the  Rev.  Frank 
S.  Fitch,  of  Cincinnati,  delivered  a  most 
admirable  lecture  upon  "Business  Morality." 
This  lecture  as  well  as  many  other  very  in- 
teresting addresses,  we  shall  give  in  full  in 
future  issues  of  the  Journal.  Remarks 
were  made  by  Messrs.  Packard,  Baylies, 
Bartlett,  and  Richard  Nelson. 

On  Wednesday  morning  at  7.30,  the  pen- 
men and  those  specially  interested  in  teach- 
ing writing,  assembled  to  listen  to  a  lesson 
from  C.  H.  Peirce,  upon  "  Movement."  The 
subject  was  skillfully  handled  j  the  numer- 
ous blackboard-illuatrations  were  made  with 
great  facility  and  exquisite  skill.  Mr.  Peirce 
believed  in  utilizing,  as  a  discipline  for  wri- 
ting, all  the  necessary  practice  of  tlie  pupil 
upon  figures  and  school-exercises,  by  requir- 
ing constant  care  and  good  work.  Pupils 
who  had  been  taught  to  make  good  figures 
rapidly,  would  find  no  difficulty  iu  introduc- 
ing the  same  facility  and  excellence  into 
their  writing.  This  plan  he  presented  with 
great  plausibility,  and  affirmed  tliat  he  had 
successfully  practiced  this  method  as  special 
teacher  in  the  public  schools  of  Keokuk, 
Iowa,  lie  also  believed,  and  we  think  cor- 
rectly, that  a  professor  of  writing  should 
work  more  through  the  regular  teacher 
than  iliiectty  with  the  pupil.  Discussion 
followed,  participated  in  by  Messrs.  Michael, 
Ames,  lioodman.  Rider,  R.  C.  and  H.  C 
Spencer,  Peirce,  Packard,  and  llinman. 
All  agreed  respecting  the  necessity  of  a  free 
movement  in  writing,  but  diflered  respecting 
when  and  how  it  was  to  be  required.  But 
the  preponderance  of  argument  appeared  to 
be  on  the  side  that  attention  should  first  be 
given  to  the  acquisition  of  correct  forms  and 
positions,  and  then  to  movement  and  ra- 
pidity of  execution.  During  this  debate, 
the  subject  of  pen-paralysis  was  discussed 
to  some  extent,  the  result  of  which  we  shall 
embody  iu  a  separate  article  under  that 
head  iu  a  future  issue  of  the  Journal. 

At  S..'!0,  S.  S.  Packard  read  an  interest- 
ing paper  upon  "  What  is,  and  what  may 
be  done  in  Commercial  Schools."  Mr. 
Packard  drew  largely  for  his  paper  from  his 
observation  of  commercial  schools  while  in 
Europe  last  year.  The  Business  College 
was  essentially  an  American  Institution, 
much  less  attention  being  given  to  book- 
keeping and  business  education  in  Europe 
than  here.  The  paper  waa  able,  and  was 
listened  to  with  marked  attention,  and  elicited 

I).  T.  Ames  then  addressed  the  Conven- 
tion upon  "Tlie  Art  of  Penmanship— Its 
Applicati-in  to  Commercial  and  Artistic 
Purposes."  He  stated  that  formerly  orna- 
mental penmanship  consisted,  mainly,  in 
the  flourishing  of  birds,  fishes,  animals, 
dragons,  etc.,  chiefly  for  the  purpose  of  at- 
tracting attention  to  the  less  conspicuous, 
but  more  useful  subject  of  plain  writing.  It 
was,  however,without  commercial  value,  and 
was  regarded  by  practical  persons  as  a  useless 
accomplishment;  but  within  a  few  years 
photograpliic  processes  have  been  dis- 
cove  ed,  by  which  all  manner  of  well- 
executed  pen-drawings  may  be  quickly  and 
cheaply  transferred  to  stone  or  metal  plates 
and  be  used  in  all  the  forms  of  printing, 
the  same  as  engraving.  The  skilled  penman 
may  thus  enter  into  direct  competition  with 
the  engraver  in  the  production  of  all  the 
multitudinous  commercial  and  artistic  forms 
now  in  demand.  Thus,  there  is  open  to  every 
really  skillful  pen-artist  a  most  lucrative 
and  honorable  field  of  labor.  Mr.  Ames 
described  the  several  methods  of  reproduc- 
ing by  photograph,  and  the  kind  of  draw- 
ings necessary  for  good  results,  etc.  He 
also  gave  some  practical  information  repect-  I 
lug  designing  in  order  to  secure  tlie  highest  I 
and  best  artistic  ert'ect.  I 

G.  W.  Brown  then  read  a  paper  upon  I 
"  Stethod  of  Book-keeping  for  Retail 
Trade."  His  presentation  of  the  subject  was 
clear,  concise,  and  methodical,  and  his 
"  Method  "  apparently  had  the  merit  of  be- 
ing practical,  notwithstanding  it  elicited  a 
warm  discussion. 


Frank  Goodman  then  presented  a  care- 
fully prepared  paper  upon  "A  Practical 
Method  of  Commission  Book-keeping." 

Thos.  E.  Hill  then  read  an  ably  written 
and  very  interesting  paper  upon  "  Esthetics 
in  Business."  He  showed  how,  by  a  proper 
display  of  esthetics,  places  of  business  become 
more  attractive.  Business-cards,  circulars, 
etc.,  being  made  more  beautiful,  were  not 
only  more  effective  in  influencing  patronage, 
but  were  from  their  beauty  sufficiently 
prized  to  be  preserved,  and  thus  become  a 
perpetual  and  telling  agent  for  successful 
business.  We  shall  give  his  paper  a  more 
extended  notice  at  another  time. 

C.  E.  Cady  then  gave  his  views  of  the 
"  Best  Method  for  Developing  a  good  Hand- 
writing." He  advocated  a  thorough  drill  in 
the  muscular  movement,  simplicity  of  con- 
struction, and  the  requirement  of  good  writ- 
ing in  all  the  school-exercises,  and  especially 
in  book-keeping  and  making  figures.  Dis- 
cussions by  Messrs.  Yerex,  Peirce,  H.  A. 
.Spencer,  Mayhew,  Michael  and  Hinmao. 

A  communication  from  E.  G.  Folsom,  of 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  was  then  read  by  the  Secre- 

At  the  evening  session  an  interesting  and 
valuable  paper  was  read  by  Benj.  E.  Hop- 
kins, upon  "  Functions  of  Banking." 

Thursday,  at  7:30  a.  m.,  the  penmen  as- 
sembled to  listen  to  H.  A.  Spencer,  upon 
"  The  best  Jlethod  of  Teaching  Practical 
Writing  iu  the  Public  and  Private  Schools." 
Mr.  Spencer  having  had  large  experience  in 
public  schools,  his  explanation  of  advanced 
methods  was  listened  to  with  more  than 
ordinary  interest. 

Mr.  Spencer  advocated  careful  attention 
to  position,  movement  and  a  progressive 
course  of  instruction.  Discussions  followed 
by  Messrs.  Michael,  Goodman,  R.  C. 
Spencer,  Snaveriy,  Peirce  and  Sprague. 

At  9:30,  Hon.  Ira  Mayhew  read  a  paper 
upon  "  Initiatory  Treatment  of  the  Student 
iu  Book-keeping,"  which  was  discussed  by 
Messrs.  H.  C.  Spencer,  Rider  and  others. 

A  very  valuable  paper  was  then  read  by 
R.  Nelson,  on  "  Defects  and  Excellencies 
of  Modern  Education."    He  said  ; 

Tlie  scientific  teacher  will  do  nothing  for 
the  student  that  he  can  do  himself,  and  upon 
that  principle  we  have  been  carrying  on 
business  for  twenty-five  years.  Perception 
of  a  matter  is  not  enough.  There  must  be 
an  assimilation  of  the  knowledge  already 
obtained.  Let  every  lesson  have  a  point. 
Develope  the  idea,  then  let  the  pupil  pro- 
ceed. Teachers  are  still  spending  their  en- 
ergies in  teaching  subjects  which  have  been 
condemned  by  popular  educators  for  the  past 
two  hundred  years. 

A  great  defect  in  the  educational  system 

the  learning  by  rule.  Learning  by  rules 
means  verbatim  recitations.  The  American 
boy  seems  to  want  to  know  something  about 
everything  instead  of  wanting  to  know  every- 
thing about  something.  He  may  go  through 
a  complete  course  after  the  method  of  learn- 
ing by  rule  or  verbatim  recitation,  and  at 
the  end  of  the  period  may  not  he  able  to 
tell  what  he  knows,  on  accountof  his  pover- 
ty stricken  vocabulary. 

The  people  in  general  were  responsible 
for  another  evil,  and  that  waa  their  careless- 
ness in  selecting  School  Trustees  and  mem- 
bers of  the  Board  of  Education.  Quoting 
from  Dr.  Noah  Porter,  of  Yale,  Mr.  Nelson 
said :  "The  system  of  instruction  of  the 
best  colleges  is,  indeed,  a  very  defective  one." 

He  mentioned,  briefly,  other  defects,  and 
dwelt  somewhat  on  the  excellencies  of 
modern  education. 


A  spirited  discussion  followed,  parti'ipated 
in  hy  Messrs.  Felton,  Baylies,  Williams, 
Rider,  Chogiiill,  Wliile,  Yerex,  Hill, 
Wyinan,  Burnett,  and  Bryant. 

G.  W.  Michael  then  led  a  discussion  on 
"  Movement  in  Penmanship."  He  advo- 
cated teaching  rapid  movements  with  the 
first  lessons,  and  presented  with  consider- 
able skill  the  method  by  which  he  had  been 
successful  in  making  many  good  writers. 
His  plan  was  sharply  attacked  in  the  dis- 
cussion which  followed,  hy  Messrs.  Peirce, 
Wyman,  Vcrei,  H.  A.  and  H.  C.  Spencer, 
Felton,  Goodman,  Hinman,  Burnett  and 
Packard. 

After  this,  some  time  was  devoted  to  the 
discussion  of  the  most  appropriate  and  ef- 
'ective  modes  of  ftdvertiaing. 


AIM     JOIKVAI. 


A.  D.  Wilt  then  read  a  paper  upon  the 
"  Poftsibilitiea  of  Commercial  Education." 

H.  C.  Spencer  then  illustrated  methods  of 
teaching;  writing  in  business  colleges.  His 
treatment  of  the  question  was  clear  and  con- 
cise, covering  the  ground-work  of  instruc* 
tion  in  elementary,  abbreviated  and  com- 
plete practical  writing.  The  order  of  hie 
presentation  of  the  subject  was  as  follows: 
PoBitions,  Movement*,  Exercises,  Princi- 
ples, Letters,  Words,  Sentences,  and  Manu- 
script. 

At  4  p.  m.  it  was  announced  that  car- 
i  ages  were  in  readiness  to  convey  the  meui- 
bors  who  desired  to  see  the  leading  points 
of  interest  in  and  around  the  city.  Al'out 
fifty  of  the  members  joined  in  what  proved 
a  most  delightful  ride  through  tlie  parks 
and  among  the  beautiful  suburban  resi- 
dences  with  which  the  city  is  surrounded. 
For  this  most  enjoyable  occasion  the  Asso- 
ciation is  indebted  to  the  generous  hospi- 
tality of  Messrs.  Kichard  Nelson  and  A.  1). 
Wilt. 

At  8  "JO,  in  the  evening,  the  Association 
asseiiiblpd  to  listen  to  an  address,  by  Capt. 
Barry,  Kditor  of  the  Trade  List,  upon  the 
Bubject  of  "  Superficial  Education,"  which 
was  followed  by  a  spirited  discussion,  in 
which  the  relative  merits  of  public  schools 
was  discussed. 

On  Friday  morning,  at  7.30,  the  ponmen 
assembled,  when  A.  H.  Hioman  illustrated, 
at  the  blackboani,  bis  method  of  analyzing 
letters,  which  was  discussed  by  Messrs. 
Peirce,  R.  C.  Spencer,  Kisinger,  Ames,  and 
Bryant. 

W.  S.  Faddis  then  read  a  well-prepared 
paper  on  "Theory  of  Book-keeping  best 
Taught  through  the  Medium  of  Business 
Transactions." 

The  time  appointed  for  the  election  of 
ofBcfirs  for  the  ensuing  year  having  arrived, 
ballots  were  taken,  which  resulted  in  the 
unanimous  election  of  the  following : 

President:  A.  D.  Wilt,  of  Dayton,  0. 

First  Vice-President :  S.  S.  Packard,  of 
Now  York. 

•Second  Vtce-President :  Frank  Goodman, 
of  Nashville. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer:  C-  E.  Cady,  of 
New  York. 

Executive  Committee:  II.  C.  Spencer. 
Washington,  Chairman  ;  Me-ssrs.  Ames,  of 
New  York,  and  Sadler,  of  Baltimore. 

Mr.  Spencer,  of  Washington,  in  a  short  and 
humorous  speech  invited  the  members  to 
meet  in  that  city  the  next  session,  showing 
the  many  advantages  the  place  offered. 
Tken  being  no  other  oit;  suggested,  Waah- 


ingtoi 


selected  as  the  meeting-place  of 
the  next  annual  Convention. 

On  motion  it  was  decided  to  authorize  the 
Executive  Committee  to  select  a  time  for 
the  next  meeting,  but  by  request  of  the 
members  of  that  body  suggestions  were 
made  by  several  members. 

One  wanted  the  month  of  June,  another, 
the  first  week  ju  May ;  another,  in  February  j 
and  Mr.  Packard,  of  New  York,  thought 
that  the  week  intervening  between  Christ- 
mas and  New  Year's  would,  for  many  rea- 
sons, be  the  moat  desirable. 

This  time  seemed  to  suit  a  great  many  of 
tlie  members  until  an  objection  was  raised 
that,  owing  to  the  adjournment  of  Congress 
during  that  week,  wlucli  would  deprive  the 
members  of  enjoying  one  of  the  greatest  at- 
tractions of  Washington  City,  another  time 
should  be  selected. 

The  month  of  June  was  again  suggested, 
anil  the  selection  of  a  week  in  that  month 
SL-emed  to  be  the  voice  of  the  meeting.  The 
discussion  here  ended,  and  the  meeting  will 
in  all  probability  be  dt'cided  upon  for  June, 
1883,  by  the  Executive  Committee. 

Dr.  John  Hancocit,  of  Dayiou,  O.,  read 
an  interesting  uud  lengthy  paper  on  the  sub- 
ject, "  Relation  of  a  General  to  a  Specific 
Education,"  followed  by  Prof.  W.  L.  White, 
of  Franklin,  0..  who  spoke  on  "  The  Ad- 
vantages of  a  Business  Education  Con- 
trasted with  the  Promotion  Method  of 
Learning  by  Experience." 

A  vote  of  thanks  was  then  unanimously 
tendered  to  the  Executive  Committee  and 
Officers  of  the  Association  for  their  etficiont 
and  successful  efl'orts  on  behalf  of  the  Con- 


Also  a  vot«  of  thanks  was  unanimously 
tendered  to  the  Penman's  Akt  Journal 
for  its  earnest  and  efficient  aid  in  making 
the  Convention  eo  grand  a  success. 

A  motion  waa  then  made,  by  H.  A. 
Spencer,  that  the  Auxiliary  Penmen's  Com- 
mittee, which  had  done  such  good  service 
before  and  during  the  Convention,  be  con- 
tinued, and  that  the  gentlemen  now  com- 
posing the  same  be  re-elected,  with  D.  T. 
Ames  as  Chairman ;  which  motion  was 
unanimously  carried,  the  Committee  being 
— D.  T.  Amos,  A.  H.  Hinman,  N.  R.  Luce. 

An  unanimous  vote  of  thanks  was  then 
tendered  to  Mr.  aud  Mrs.  A.  H.  Hinmau, 
for  their  very  etficient  and  untiring  efforts 
on  behalf  of  the  Convention. 

The  following  resolution  wa«  then  unani- 
mously adopted : 

"  Kffiolved  by  the  P«'iimeu  of  this  Aaeocia- 
tii.n.  thai  the  Pen-man's  Art  Jouk-val  beaua- 
laiued  as  tb»  recoguiz«d  organ  of  the  penmen  of 
th«  oountry." 


Adjourned  to  2.30  p.  m.,  at  which  time  the 
Convention  reassembled,  and  as  the  roll  of 
members  was  read,  each  responded,  occupy- 
ing five  minutes,  in  giving  a  history  of  him- 
self and  business.  This  proved  to  be  a  very 
interesting  and  amusing  occasion ;  with 
many,  however,  there  waa  more  of  anecdote 
than  history. 

After  all  bad  responded  to  their  names, 
the  Convention  adjourned  to  meet  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  at  such  time  as  may  he  fixed 
by  the  Executive  Committee,  which  probably 
will  be  the  latter  part  of  June  next. 

Its  Fame  Extending. 
During  the  past  month,  subscriptions  to  the 
Journal  have  been  received  from  Australia 
and  the  Society,  Sandwich  and  New  Zea- 
land Islands,  and  notwithstanding  summer 
is  not  the  season  for  subscribers,  nearly 
one  thousand  names  have  been  added  to  the 
list  during  the  past  month. 


Books  and  Magazines. 

'*  ijora  "  is  the  title  of  a  grat^eful  poem  in 
pentameter  verse  by  Paul  Pastnor,  one  of 
our  young  American  poets.  The  incidents 
suggesting  the  poem  are  very  simple  and 
commonplace,  and  it  is  only  the  grace  and 
ease  of  description  and  the  clear-cut  sent- 
ences and  musical  rhythm  that  mark  the 
merit  of  the  writing  us  far  above  ordinary. 
In  its  dainty  binding  and  beautilul  type  this 
book  possesses  a  peculiar  charm.  Its  tran- 
quil grace  soothes  the  reader  while  it  lures 
him  on.  "  Lora"  is  a  good  example  of  the 
a'lvantages  gained  by  young  poets  when  re- 
maining on  familiar  ground  and  extracting 
poetry  from  that.  The  author  shows  a 
keenness  of  observation  and  a  felicity  of 
epithet  which  give  signs  of  promise  for 
the  futiire.  John  E.  Potter  &  Co.,  Philadel- 
phia.    Price  75  cents. 

"  Eclectic  Short-Hand  ''  is  the  title  of 
a  228  paged  book,  lately  published  by 
S.  C.  Griggs  &.  Co.,  Chicago,  and  is  edited 
by  J.  Geo.  Cross,  M.  A.  The  work  is  got 
up  in  good  style,  and  so  far  as  the  relative 
merits  of  the  system  of  short-hand  —  of 
wbioh  it  is  the  exponent — are  concerned, 
we  do  not  feel  competent  to  speak.  It  is 
claimed  to  be  suptrii»r  t.i  other  systems, 
and  in  the  following  respects: 

Ist.  The  simplest  and  most  facUe  written 
alphabet. 

2d.  No  vertical  strokes  used;  only  ob- 
liques and  horizontals. 

3d.  The  vowels  are  expressed  by  lines  in- 
I  stead  of  8eparat«  doLi  and  daabei,  or  mioute 


semi-ciiclea  and  angles,  and  are  written  con- 
tinuous. 

4th.  A  practical  position  alphabet,  by 
which  one  or  more  letters  of  every  word  is 
legibly  expressed  without  writing. 

5th.  It  is  a  system  of  writing  by  prin- 
ciples instead  of  word-signs,  and  its  rules 
have  no  exceptions. 

6th.  It  is  easier  to  write,  easier  to  read,  and 
can  be  learned  in  a  fraction  of  the  time  re- 
quired by  other  systems. 

7th.  It  is  10  to  15  per  cent,  briefer  than 
the  shortest  of  other  systems,  and  30  per 
cent,  briefer  than  the  average  of  twenty-four 
of  the  best  systems  in  use. 

8th.  It  can  be  written  with  any  style  of 
pen  or  pencil,  and  combines  all  the  requisites 
of  written  speech,  viz. :  simplicity,  fluency 
and  legibility. 

9th.  It  can  bo  learned  and  written  by 
everyone. 

"  Groesbcek's  Book-keeping." — We  are 
in  receipt  of  the  school  and  college 
editions  of  this  work.  The  College  Edition 
has  '25!i  pages  and  is  a  complete  and  ex- 
haustive treatise  of  the  science  of  single 
and  double  entry  book-keeping.  The  work 
is  got  up  in  the  finest  style  of  the  book- 
maker's art,  and  is  most  highly  commended 
by  prominent  teacbersand  educators  through- 
out the  country.  The  School  Edition  con- 
sists of  197  pages,  and  treats  in  a  concise 
and  practical  manner  of  both  single  and 
double  entry  book-keeping,  and  is  designed 
more  especially  for  use  in  high-schools  and 
academies.  Published  by  Eldredge  & 
Brother,  17  North  7th  St.,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  by  whom  the  works  are  mailed.  The 
College  Edition  for  $1.80;  the   school  for 

$i.no. 

The  Normal  Journal,  published  by  J.  T. 
Norton,  Carmel,  HI.,  is  &  HJ-pape  monthly, 
devoted  to  educational  matters.  It  is  spright- 
ly and  interesting.  Mailed  one  year  for 
§1.00. 

The  Teacher's  Ouide  has  removed  its  of- 
fice of  publication  from  Mallet  Creek  to 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  The  Guide  is  ably  edited 
by  J.  D.  Holcomb,  and  isoneof  the  spright- 
liest  and  most  intereaUng  of  our  exchanges, 
At  its  low  price  of  subscription,  5U  centa 
per  year,  it  should  be  taken  by  every 
teacher. 

"American  Correspondence,"  published  in 
the  English,  French  and  Spanish  languages, 
at  4  and  ti  Warren  St.,  New  York,  contains 
20  pages  {same  size  as  the  Journal)  of  in- 
teresiing  matter,  pertaining  to  the  current 
topics  of  the  da/.  Mailed  at  $2.00  per 
yeari 


The  Art  Amateur  for  June,  as  usual  is 
saperbty  illustrated  with  a  large  Dumber  of 
real  gems  of  artistic  skill  in  the  way  of 
decorative  art.  Pabiisbed  by  Montague 
Marks,  at  i!3  Union  Square,  New  York, 
for  $4.00  pur  year  ;  single  copies,  33  cents. 

Frank  Leslies  Popular  3/on/ftty— The 
Jutie  number  is,  as  usual,  noticeable  for  the 
iimount,  variety  and  excellence  of  the  read- 
iui;  mutter  aod  illustrations.  The  opening 
article,  by  Archibald  Forbes,  the  famous 
war  correspondent,  "  Ttie  Melo-draraatic 
A.^pects  of  the  Franco-German  War."  with 
]ig  fourteen  illuslmtious,  is  a  very  able  paper, 
iiKil  (ilmiiuils  Willi  interesting  facts.  "Coffee" 
iv;l(^9  iho  berry  frum  the  plantation  to  the 
r>j|i,  nud  is  finely  illustrated.  "  Heniinis- 
ri-iiees  of  Service  Among  the  Coraanohes," 
by  an  Old  Army  Otlicer;  "The  Delusions 
of  Alchemy";  "  Longfellow";  "  Peasant 
Lift-  in  India";  "A  Piece  of  Amber,"  etc., 
i-tc,  arc  proininent  features  of  the  number, 
rontributed  by  popular  writers.  The  aerial, 
"The  Letter  'S';  Or.  The  Jocelyu  Siu,''  is 
.•imtiiiued;  and  there  are  charming  short 
htories,  sketclies,  adventures,  etc.,  etc.,  to- 
^;rther  with  some  exquisite  poems,  and  a 
miscellany  abouuding  with  interest,  enter- 
lalnmeut  and  information.  There  are  128 
(|ijarlo  pages,  over  100  illustrations,  and  for 
the  frontispiece  a  beautiful  picture  in  oil 
mlors,  "  Kitty,  Your'e  a  Tease."  The  price 
is  2.5  cents  a  copy  only ;  $3  a  year,  postpaid. 
Inclose  25  cents  for  a  specimen  copy,  ad- 
dn'ss  Fraiik  Leslie,  Publisher,  53,  5r>  and 
.-.7  Park  Place,  New  York. 

The  Pentnan'ft  and  Printer'a  Gazette  of- 
fi^rs,  in  tbia  issue,  the  most  attractive  pre- 
iiuiims  to  subscribers.  The  oblique  pen- 
iiulder  is  in  great  demand  by  all  penmen. 
St'c  their  advertisement. 

In  the  North  American  Peview  for  June, 
Senator  W.  B.  Allison  has  a  paper  on  '-The 
Currency  of  the  Future,"  in  which  he  indi- 
cates the  measures  that  will  have  to  be  taken 
by  Congress  for  insuring  a  stable  currency 
after  the  national  debt  has  been  extinguished. 
"A  Memorandum  at  a  Venture,"  by  Walt 
Whitman,  is  an  explanation  of  his  purpose 
aud  point  of  view  in  trenchiug  upon  topics 
not  usually  regarded  as  amenable  to  literary 
irtatiuent.  "  Andover  and  Creed  Subscrip- 
tion," by  Rev.  Dr.  Leonard  Woolsey  Macon, 
is  ti  philosophical  review  of  the  present 
state  of  dogmatic  belief  in  tho  churches. 
Hon.  George  F.  Seward,  late  minister  to 
China,  in  an  article  entitled  "Mongolian 
Immigration,"  makes  an  argument  against 
the  proposed  anti-Chinese  legislation.  Dr. 
.luhn  W.  Dowliug,  Dean  of  the  Now  York 
lliimeopathic  Medical  College,  comes  to  the 
rii'fence  of  the  Hahnemannic  School  of 
uKdicinp,  aguiust  the  recent  attack  upon 
its  priucipli-aaiui  methods.  0.  B.  Frothing- 
ham  liiis  a  sympathetic  article  on"  Sweden- 
borg.  Not  the  least  important  paper  is  one 
entitled  "  Has  Land  a  Value  i"  by  Isaac  L. 
Rice,  it  being  a  criticism  of  one  of  the  funda' 


mental  postulates  of  Henry  George's  political     Mountain  (N.  C.)  High  School, 
economy.      Finally,   Charles    F.   Lydecker 
essays  to  prove  that  a  "  National  Militia  "  is 
a  constitutional  impossibility. 

The  Collegian,  of  St.  Louis  College,  edited 
by  R.  Covin  and  J.  B.  Brophy,  besides  con- 
taining much  of  general  interest,  is  peculiar- 
ly rich  in  local  items  of  special  interest  to 
the  patrons  and  friends  of  that  excellent 


J.  8.  Haines  is  teaching  writing  at  Maniet«A, 
Mich.  The  press  of  (hat  place  speak  of  him  in 
flattering  terme. 

J.  F.  Corcoran,  a  student  at  the  Dvuver 
(Col.)  Bufliu^sH  College,  writes  a  good  hand  for 
a  lad  of  fifteen  vears. 


CoNSTANTiNE,  Mich.,  May  22,  1862. 

Editors  of  Journal:  —  In  the  April 
number  of  the  Journal  I  notice  the  follow- 
ing: "llereafter  any  teacher  who  accepts 
a  present  from  the  pupils  in  the  public 
schools  of  Hamilton,  Ontario,  will  be  im< 
mediately  discharged." 

Will  you  be  kind  enough  to  inform  me, 
with  the  rest  of  your  patrous,  the  reason  of 
such  a  law  f  Warben  C.  Hull. 

We  are  not  informed  of  the  special  rea- 
sons assigned  for  this  prohibition  by  the 
school  authorities  of  Hamilton,  Ont.,  but 
believe  that,  in  general,  a  preseut  from  an 
individual  pupil  acts  as  a  bribe,  and  is  often 
intended  as  such — tho  pupil  feeling  that  lie 
is  entitled  to  extra  attention,  or  that  his  im- 
perfect recitations  will  be  excused,  or  cer- 
tain improprieties  in  deportment  "  winked 
at,"  and  the  teacher,  feeling  that  he  must 
render  an  equivalent,  blindly  acceding  to  the 
wishes  or  the  demands  of  the  pupil  who,  by 
the  gift,  enslaves  him. 

The  effect  upou  the  teacher  is  not  so  dis- 
astrous when  a  gift  is  made  by  contributions 
from  every  member  of  his  class  or  school. 
But  this  often  inconveniences  certain  ones 
who  can  ill  afford  to  give,  yet  feel  compelled 
to  do  so  in  order  to  escape  the  fi'owns  and 
taunts  of  their  associates.  And — and — 
but  we  can't  discuss  this  side  of  the  question 
in  our  characteristically  able  manner,  for  we 
have  recently  aud  repeatedly  been  the  happy 
recipient  of  several  valuable  gifts  from 
generous  pupils  who  read  the  JOURNAL. 


A.  W.Wood?,  of  Elwin,  III.,  is  an  artist- 
penman  of  considernblv  skill. 

W.  H,  Houston  has  been  teaching  writing- 
claesea  at  fiewleyville,  Kj. 

MesBra.   Rosa  Si.   Wiliama  have  opened    a 


H,  W.  Bearce  !■  teaching  large  classM  in  writ- 
ing at  Bridgeport,  Conn.  He  ia  a  akiltful  writer, 
and  has  th<t  reputation  of  being  a  eucceasl'ul 
teacher. 

J.  Howard  Keeler  has  been  teaching  writing- 
clsBees  iu  Berti-an.l.  Mich.  The  Niles  IFeelly 
Mir}-or  pays  a  flattering  conapliment  to  his  skill 
as  a  penman  and  success  as  a  teacher, 

Mrs.  S.  E.  Cowan  is  teaching  wriling-clasnes 
atPalmerston,  Ontario.  The  press  of  that  place 
speak  very  highly  of  her  work  and  instruction. 
Specimens  which  Hhe  incloaes  are  very  credit- 
able. 

The  Graduating  Exercises  of  the  Spenceriati 
BuHiuesB  College,  Washington,  D.  C,  were 
held  ou  May  30ib.  We  return  our  thanks  for 
ticket- iuvitalion,  and  i-egret  that  wa  were 
unable  to  be  present. 

Fielding  Scbofield,  for  some  years  past  with 
the  Bryant  &  Strattcii  Business  College,  New- 
ark, N.  J.,  has  hi-uuin*-  ;."Oii;Upil  \\\\\\  J.  H. 
Clark,  in  coiubuimt^   Hk-   1  uiiM-M<,wn,  Ohio. 

Business  (.'ollfi.^.      Mr   S.l, 1,1   i- among  our 

most  skillful  wiitt^is  and  iea.:li..-ie,  uiid  will  un- 
doubtedly make  himself  popular  in  bis  new 
field  of  labor. 

n.  W.  Beaice  writes  us  that  he  is  teaching 
writing  to  four  himdred  and  fifteen  pupils,  at 
Bridgeport,  Conn.  He  incloses  superior  speci- 
mens of  practical  writing.  He  recently  ad- 
dressed the  Fairfield  County  Teachers'  As- 
sociation, upon  the  subject  of  Writing.  In  tlie 
report  of  which,  the  press  pays  bim  (he  follow- 
ing compliment :  "  Mr.  Bearce  was  lisiened 
to  throughout  with  the  closest  attention,  and  at 
the  end  was  requested  to  give  an  example  of 
bis  skill  iu  pen-work,  which  he  did.  He  then 
replied  to  a  number  of  very  pevlinenl  questions, 
by  teachers  and  others,  in  a  manner  which 
showed  he  was  thoroughly  acquainted  with  hie 


A  handsomely  executed  sperimen  of  a 
flourished  bird  and  scrolling,  has  been  received 
from  W.  G.  Huesey,  teacher  of  writing  at  Dirigo 
Busiuee*  College,  Aiiguatn,  M». 

An  imperial- sized  photograph  of  a  finely  ex 
ecuted  spvcimen  of  peii-drawiug -has  bsen  re- 
ceived fromT.  .1.  Pricketl.  penman  at  Soule's 
Bryant  A:  Straltou  Business  College,  Philadel- 
phia. Pa. 

.  We  are  in  receipt  of  a  photo,  11x14  inches 
ill  size,  of  an  elaborately  engrossed  copy  of  res- 
olutions, by  W.  W.  McClellaad,  at  the  Union 
Business  College.  Pittsburgh.  Pa.  The  design 
is  in  good  taste,  and  the  execution  skillful. 

Two  photographs  (6x8)  of  large  and  highly 
artistic  .Jesigus  from  pen-work  executed  by  Jos. 
Foeller,  Jr.,  of  Sheuundoah,  Pa.,  have  been  re- 
ceived. The  skill  <lisplayed  in  these  works  is 
of  more  than  an  or<iiiiary  degree.  Mr.  Foeller 
is  a  skillful  and  enterprising  teacher. 

F.legantiy  written  letters  have  been  received 
from  W.  Chambers,  teacher  of  writing  at  Stir- 
ling HI. ;  T.  D.  Click,  Mt,  Carmel,  III. ;  F.  H. 
Madden.  Johnson's  Business  College,  St.  Louis, 
Mo. :  H.  F.  Loomis  of  the  Spencerian  Bueinees 
College,  Cleveland,  Ohio  ;  J.  F.  Whitleather, 
Fort  Wayne  (Ind.)  Business  College. 


Moilesty: — "  Do  you  pretend  to  have  aa 
good  a  judgment  as  I  have  ?  "  exclaimed  an 
enraged  wife  to  her  husband.  "  Well,  no," 
he  replied, slowly,  "our  choice  of  partners 
for  life  shows  that  my  judgment  is  not  to  be 
compared  with  yours." — Boston  Transcript. 


What  Others  Say  of  Us. 

C  J.  Gleason,  Esq.,  Montpelier,  Ver- 
mont, iu  a  letter  of  the  22d  ult.,  says  :  "  I 
congratulate*  you  on  your  success.  Your 
Art  Journal  is  decidedly  meritorious — 
the  beat  publication  of  its  kind  I  ever  saw. 
Situated  in  the  metropolis  of  the  Western 
hemisphere,  you  have  ample  room  lo  spread 
its  circulation  and  cultivate  tho  tastes  of 
its  numerous  readers  in  your  chosen  art  and 


Raceland,  La.,  May  30,  '82. 
Editors  of  the  Journal  :     Without  the 
monthly  visits    of  Thb  Pbnman's   Art 
Journal  I  would  feel,  as  Moore  eaya. 


JLHuu, 


A.  H.  Steadman,  of  Freeport,  Ohio,  forwards 
killfuUy  executed    specimen    of    off-hand  . ' 
rishiug,  in  form  of  a  bird  and  scroll. 
A  handsomely  written  letter  and  several  fine 
card-specimens    come    from  F.   S.   Stoddard, 
penman  at  Peiroe'fl  Business  College,  Keokuk, 

A  beautifully  written  letter  and  skillfully  ex- 
ecuted specimen  of  flourishing  comes  from  A. 
J.  Taylor,  of  Taylor's  Business  College.  Roch- 
ester, N.  Y. 

A  gracefully  executed  tlouriah,  iu  form  of  a 
bird  and  scroll,  has  been  received  from  A.  S. 
Dennis,  of  the  Spencerian  Business  College, 
Cleveland,  Ohio. 


Therefore,  you  will  find  inclueed  cash  for 
another  year's  subscription. 

D.  J.  Briant. 

In  the  May  number  of  The  PENstAN's 
Akt  Journal,  Prof.  Henry  C.  Spencer,  the 
acknowledged  master  of  the  art  of  penman- 
ship, begins  a  course  of  "  Practical  Writing- 
Lessons."  We  cannot  too  favorably  com- 
mend the  JotritNAL  to  the  notice  of  the 
teachers.  It  should  he  found  in  every  school- 
theland.— rAff  Teacher. 


B  that  the  work  will  |^ 
efuod  the  price  paid  for  it  to  any  one 
urn  the  same,  registered, 
%  premium,  free  lo  any  one  sending  three  subacribera  and  Three  Dollars  t 
Oopyrt'jlUed.'hy  Spencer  Brothert,  October  7tk,  1881, 


'■'»      AKI    ./<>l  Kwn. 


Office  of  the  Postmaster, 
Post-Officb,  New  York  Cit 
5Iay  26th,  I8fc3. 
I^.  T.  Ames,  Esq. 

Dear  Sir : — I  have  read  with  much  pleas- 
ore  your  very  ahle  and  ioteresting  article  on 
"Pfrsonal  Characterimim  4if  HaadnxitiDg" 
io  Ihe  correal  nouiber  nf  Penuan's  Art 
Journal.      While    it  is   free    from  ihoeo 
absurdly  exaggerated  statcmcDts  which  have 
occamonally  been   put  forth 
with  this  subject,  aud  io  which  the  claii 
well-nigh  euponiatural  powers  of  di 
through  the  study  of  individual  handwriting, 
has  been  adv;tnced,  your  article — based,  as  i1 
evidently  ia,  upon  long  experience  and 
ful   observation — will  bo  recogoizod  by  all 
who  are  interested  ia  that  study  as  present- 
ing in  brief,  a  clenn, 

Bible  statement  with  regard  to  tho  matter  of 
which  it  treats,  even  though  it  fails  to  indi- 
cate the  means  of  nscortaintng,  by  the  ox- 
AminatioD  of  one's  handwriting,  the  maiden 
name  of  his  mother-in-law,  or  on  which  of 
his  feet  his  "  pet  com  "  ia  located. 
Very  truly  yours, 

J.  Gavlor, 

Aasi&taut-PoBtm. 

The  Penman's  Art  Journal  for  iMay 
in  full  of  good  and   instructive 
both  professioual  aud  amateur  peni 
eapecially  those  who  wish  to  acfi'iirc  «  good 
buainoas    handwriting.      There    jin-  several 
excellent  articles  in  this  issue,  among  which 
is  one  worth  notice,  viz.:  "  Lessons  in  Prac- 
tical Writing,"  by  Prof.  H    C.  Spencer,  one 
of  the  authors  of  the  celebrated  Spencerian 
System  of  Pei-maiiBhip  aud  noted  as  beiug 
the  best  ti-acher  of  penmanship  iu  the  world. 
The  illustrations  used  io  these  V 
made   hy    Prof.    L.   P.  Spencer,    the  most 
skillful  writer  in  the  country.     There  will 
be  Hixt«ou  lessons  beginning  with  this 
and  they  will  bo 

Bubsoription  price  of  the  paper.— Passaic, 
(N.  J.),  Item. 

The  Penman's  Art  Journal  for  May, 
is,  if  ])us8iblo,  an  exceptiunably  good  num- 
ber. We  say  "  if  possible,''  furevery  _ 
bor  of  The  Penman's  Art  JouitNAL 
clearly  cut  and  polished  gem,  and  it  would, 
therefore,  be  difficult  to  make  an  exception 
in  favor  of  any  issue.  We  can  readily  agree 
with  Mr.  C.  B.  Burdelt,  a  teacher  of  writing 
ia  Boston,  Mass.,  wheu  ho  says :  "  I  se« 
tho  usefulness  of  your  Journal 
more  each  day,  uol  only  in  my  own  labors, 
hut  as  a  promoter  of  etithusiasm  among 
pupils.  I  think  that  the  geuerous  columns 
of  your  paper  are  doing  more  good  for  good 
penmanship  than  all  other  forces  combined." 
Wo  sny  he  must  be  a  lazy,  good -for- nothing 
student  who  reads  Tub  Penman's  Art 
Journal  ami  is  not  excited  to  enthusiasm 
by  its  practical  lessons,  i*3  beautiful  pen- 
sketches,  aud  tlio  untold  advautages  it  gives 
the  student  for  the  format 
habits  and  the  acquirement  of  a  beautif.il 
and  legible  style  of  hnudwritiDg.  Prof. 
Henry  C.  Spencer  begins  in  this  number  a 
series  of  "  Lessons  in  Practical  Writing  " 
which  we  advise  all  students  to  secure  by 
au  early  subscription.  When  such  an  au- 
thority says  that  "any  person  who  has 
good  common  sense,  one  or  two  eyes,  aud 
five  fingers  oneitherhand,  can,  under  proper 
instruction,  learn  to  write  well,"  there  is, 
manifestly,  no  excuse  for  poor  penmanship 
from  a  student.— .Vo(rc  Dame  Scholastic. 

The  Penman's  Art  Journal,  published 
by  Prof.  D.  T.  Ames,  205  Broadway,  Xew 
York,  18  one  of  the  finest,  and  most  at- 
tractive and  valuable  of  our  exchanges.— 
^wo  England  Sifiirtgs. 


INSTRUCTION 


:.  W.  ElBOE.  UlioB,  N.  ' 


Phntn-Enqravinq^ss^Phnta-Lithnqraphq. 

H-X  Ameh  .  205  'Bbdsjjwpx: 


IN  TWO  BOOKS,  VIZ 

College  Edltlon,/ur  OitUffu,  Commtrnat  SehooU    tig 

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PEN  M   A  SKIP. 


bad  uu  eatcuovu  ta\e,  and  puMrd  tbrougtt  luuuj  dUtioM. 


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it  tving  iHUiil  111  Parts— tivui  flgbt  to  tnii  lu  ouuiboT-^ 


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till  style* 

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d«om«  wript,  io  Ui« 

forms  of 

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■;-^i.y«Wo 


"The  Penman's  Art  Journal  "  *'' 

Htt.  kindly  w«»«.t«d.  f»r  .he  bcn.elit  .,f  ibi-  prolw-i...!.  to  ""^,  (  "'"'7  u-  ,,„„   m  ,.  .       ■  I   '""*"  """  ""'""""'  "i»wnai  ni  u.i.  n.u«  iniei«.Iiii(;  d 

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S;:r;n«,"°- '  "^?^r»^-^  situations.     ^  i::i':^:':r::r:,J,r.:::'":".::':™':°'"' 


,>r,-  deligbled'witl.  ii,e  p-.I,'ri.,.i,  .,(    tUe  work  dune 
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I  1  li<<\r.  Broun,  Vtolot,  3  kladtf. 
:  .M,l».  C«nm..Ci  ao!d,2  kind*. 
.11'  .  l.<u<b:  Imtelible,  S  kinds;  Stk- 
(■tusay  (nil  colon)  Drntriog.  Carbon, 
uka.  Ink -Powder.  Inks  for  morkioK 
•Ink,   Stpooil    Ink«,   SlaropiDg  and 


tM^y/^^M^'/^' 


Has  been  v.'-taltlislied  hveiitv-fi'i: 


IlltlMNT  A   srilATT'lVS 

COIN  1  iM.-noi  .m:    lumk-ki  I  riN( 


I  ly  for  nsp,  and  wilt 

..111,1.1     U|»>lt     thf 

■  n.l  will  Iw 
.1,  any  other 

1;L.\.1;lMAN,    TAYl.UU  A  CO., 

i»  Mild  1*0  Onmd  Street,  Xtaw  York 


Speiicerian    Steel    iPen-s 

Are  ueeil  l<y  all  (lie  l>e»t  i»i;liiiifii  in  lliv  foiiiilry.     Tliey  roml-iiit  a  dvyr^e  ..f  h1«. 
Hiiioiilliiu'fti  of  point  UOI  t'ouiul  ill  any  oilier  l»elih. 


Speiicei'lsui   AVi-itiua;    Iiik.s. 

'I'lip  original  leevipl  floin  nl.itl.  Ilo-  !'.!.><  I.  Ish  i..  miiile  Inia  been  in  ii>e  in  Knglanil 
■  one  /,ii»</er-/   .m,r..      One  aim    i.   lo  ..n|.|.ly  li.e  eonslaiil   cleioan.l  for  »  .superior  Ink. 

K.\TK.\    m.ACK    WRITING    INK. 

la  Ihe  moat  ilnralile  Ink  [|.«l  ean  I.e  maile.  Speeiallv  a>laple,l  lio  lle.or.ls  an.l  lloeii. 
It,  of  iinporlaln,.. 

HRITISH    JAl'AN    INK. 

I'lowa  from  llie  pell  all  inleiiae  ami  lirilliaul  gloaay  l.laek.  of  ^-real  .luraliilily  ;  unrivaled 
aignatiireB  and  ornAUielital  wriliug. 

Sample  Jtolthf  will  be  Bent,  liy  express,  seenrely  paekeil  iu  wood,  on  reeeipl  of  §1  per 
,11 ;    T.-.  eent.  ,«.r  pint;    .011  per  one  lialf  pint. 


Sx:)encei'ian    Oblique    [Pen-laoldei-. 

Hr   llie    nae  of   lliie    Holder    tlie    pell    aeta    upon    llie    poiiila  ou    tbe    up  and  down    alrokei 
For  trial,  ne  »ill  > I  one  d.oteii  on  receipt  «<!:,  eeiiU. 


Ivison,  Blakeman,  Taylor  &  Co., 

753  and  755  Broadway.  New  York. 

t^'l/i/f'  order  pleate  mtnlion   rAi'j  /«;.•>  ( 


"'Jhe  best  lestttnouial  «  hook  can  ha>-e  U  (he 
)innie8  of  those  who  use  U." 

CARH  ART'S 

Class-Book  of 

Commercial  Law 

For  lUf  $ulio»l  Kiiil  CuuiKiiig-i-uuin,  ie  now  in 

me  ill  mHii,v  of  the  leading  CoUvg*^^.  Acu- 

(tf>mies  and  tJellooU  in  llii:*  country. 

-    .  '■         .    .    .    .  PhilBdclpb'ia.  P.., 

,1  "         Bidtim-tre,  M.I, 

'■:■■'' Ill  rt.inmwial  follpg".     .  Wlllionwport,  Pu. 

I "...   Ijanoaater,  Pu. 

I  ■•■<  .  I  ■  ■■  "...  Titim'tllp,  Pii. 
I'           I   I  -  ■'        .    .   PliilndelpWa,  Pa. 

II  .11  ■■  .  Sai.  Franciaw*.  Cul. 
.M.iuui  L itLiviiil  _■;        ,     .     .     Duj-Ion,  Ohio. 

Joliot  ■■  "        JoUrt.  t}\. 

ChmUloik  "       ....     (juiiicy,  HI- 

lllinoiH  WwU.)ai.  I'l.lv.-isiiy     .     .     .     -Bloomingloa,  Il(. 

Mmiomt)  .Vi-iLilutiiv Bfacvinb,  III. 

I'lirifit'i  Hi,-i..f«;C(.ll.«g.> Peoria,  III, 

I'lilleiM.!!  I'  Pattowon,  N.  J. 

(.'kAiIUc'iu*-'  -  .'    .'    .'    .'    Lo»_AngeKW,  Cal.' 

Fon  E-lw.ir<l  liistiiiilo!  '...'.  .Fori  Edivaij!  K.'  Y. 
Hiiimiin  !>  Busiiicjui  ColloifC       .    .    .     .Worcester,  Miu^. 

I'libtiL'  Si'li'iols Newark,  N.  J. 

c'anudiuu  J.itewy  hMlitutf.     .    .     '.    .  Woo<1.4loci(,  Ont. 

St.  John's  Cullcgi^ CoiIeg«ville,  MIdii. 

.SI,  VirKt.nl     "        Hofltly.  Pj. 

.SI,  Ji.sci.ir»    "       St.  Joseph,  Mo, 

CiiniidK  Hiisiiiea*  Collegv Hamilton,  Ooi. 

uXn  Bu»in"M  ^ollPge  } Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Till*  abovi*  iii-K  Koiiie  uf  the  leadiug  institu- 
tioiiei  now  neiiig  tliu  ClH«i)i-I)ook  of  Cumnifivial 
Law,  and  who  .p.siU  in   llit-   liiRhe-l   l.Tm?  of 


receipt  of  One  Dullar. 


1,0lh„ 


All   01. 1 -I 


iikl  W  :.ddr> 


C.  E.  CARHART, 

«-t.f.  Albany.  N.  Y. 

thoroughly  t 

*"""^  %h,'  Pa. 


SIIORTHANU-writiuff    thoroughly  tuiighl   by  nuu 
Terms  low:  suti»footion  gUHroniood.    Svnd  stump  fi 
«i*clinen  and  dn-iilar.    W.  W.  HUI.TOX,  Htlshurgh,  Pi 


M  A  Y  H  E  W  S 

UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual   o[    Business    IVactice, 

lending  UoUe^ej 


dieting  111 


sfiiUy 


I  for  tl.i 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LL.D., 

Detroit,  Micb. 


I'l    HI,I>>HKD    MONTHLY,  AT   i305   BROADW'AY,    FOR   Sl.OO    PER   YEAR. 

"  Entfrtd  at  the  Post  Ojffre  of  Ncio  York,  N.  Y.,  as  second-cieus  matter." 


NEW    YORK,   JULY,  1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  7. 


'.  AMKS, 

»  PUBLISIIEU, 
KkBiniDer  of  Queittloned  Handn-rlting^, 

205  BnifulwB}-,  New  York. 

he  True  Way  to  Teach  an  Art. 

By  Paul  Pastnoji. 
An  art  is  nut  to  lie  taught  in  the  same 


Hi 


selui 


iii;n]ils  at  ilir  ainiic  time  more  method  and 

iriMir  kIuII  ou  Uh'    part   of  llie  instructor. 

S.  ■.<-\\v.ty  is,  to  a  large  extent,  attainahle  by 

■'  ■  iiiiHided  perflonnl  effort  of  the^atudent; 

'i  tnands  the  interpretation  of  a  teacher, 

!.■<  himself  capable   of  furnishing  and 

I  luiiog  models  of  that  which  he  wishes 

rnuvey.     There   is   no  mere  text-honk 

"il^  in  teaching  an  art;  the  instructor 
iiiii-t  jK.sseas  his  resources  from  within.  Fur 
iiii>  i-*';i3oD,  no  one  who  is  not  thoroughly  a 
jirnticient  should  attempt  to  make  others  so. 
Ji  Its  possible  to  teach  Latin  and  Greek,  and 
even  the  practical  branches  of  an  English 
education — after  a  fashion — by  merely  hold- 
ing one's  attention  fixed  upon  the  text-book, 
and  making  a  sort  of  responsive  recitation 
therefrom,  in  answer  to  the  questions  of  the 
clofis ;  but  to  leach  an  art  without  thorough 
knowledge  ol  it  is  utterly  impossible. 

Penmansliip  is  an  art.  It  is,  in  many  re- 
spects, one  of  the  most  ditheult  arts  to  teach. 
There  is  very  little  cover  for  hiding  one's 
ignorance,  when  standing  ai  the  blackboard 
before  a  class  in  writing.  The  very  first 
principles,  instead  of  beine  supplied  by  a 
priutoil  alphabet  or  tabl  ,  must  come,  ele- 
iiK'ui  by  element,  from  the  mind  and  hand 
tif  tlie  instructor.     To  a  certain  extent,  he 


nd  certainly   his 
All  the  great 
1  alt  branches  of 
nparted  originality 


;iuii  successful  instruc 

knowledge  have  thu! 

and  cliaracter  to  their  methods.  The  teacher 

of  peumanship  is  obliged  to  do  ao.  He  must 

have  nothing  to  depend  upon,  in  the  way 

nf  .hart  or    copy,   without    which,   should 

ucrcsaity  arise,  he  would  be  unable  to  pro- 

viJf  a.  substitute  from  ois  own  personal  re- 

the  first  requisite 

irt  of  penmanship 

must  he  an  artist 

well  as  an  iustructor.      The  teacher  of 

\'ik  need  not  be  a  Grecian,  or  the  teacher 

L'.Mgrapliy  a  traveler;  but  the  teacher  of 

uniHuship   mttst  he  a  thorough    penman. 

is  worse  than  useless  for  a  man  who  does 

I  possess  practical  skill  to  try  to  impart  a 

-n  «tical  knowledge  of  the  subject.  Theory 

\ety  well  in  some  things,  but  it  forms 

>  .-^inall  part  of  the  successful  writing- 

'  1  s  equipment.     Skill  is  the  first  re- 

i-iu- ;  the  second  is— patience. 


which  a  teacher  of  thi 
must  possess — skill.     ] 


It  may  seem  strange  that  we  should  exalt 
a  merely  moral  and  general  quality,  like 
patience,  above  some  of  the  more  brilliant 
qualities  of  a  successful  artist.  But  let  us 
remember  that  we  are  now  studying  the 
artist  as  an  ins'ructor,  and  not  merely  as  a 
creator  of  beautiful  forms.  Moral  and  gen- 
eral qualities  enter,  to  a  far  greater  extent 
than  is  commonly  supposed,  into  the  make- 
up of  a  good  instructor.  Hundreds  of  young 
men,  brilliant  in  attainments  hut  morally 
unbalanced,  fail  to  succeed  in  the  profession 
of  teaching ;  while  others,  not  at  all  dis- 
tinguished for  splendid  mental  abilities,  still 
rise  to  the  very  first  rank  and  accomplish  ex- 
cellent work.  It  i.-  simply  because  they 
possess  the  constitutional  and  natural  qvuili- 
ties  of  a  teacher ;  and  one  of  the  very  first 
of  these  qualities  is  patience.  The  forms  of 
art  are  dilBeult,  at  first,  to  comprehend  and 
imitate.  They  are  more  complex  than  those 
of  science.  The  pupil  is  not  only  required 
to  recognize  a  letter  A  in  its  general  form 
jiod  outline,  hut  to  construct  it  himself, 
from  its  elements,  and  finally  in  its  perfec- 
tion— in  that  grace  and  elahoratinn  wKah 
makes  it  artistic.  To  do  this  requires  per- 
severance on  the  part  of  the  pupil  and  pa- 
tience on  the  part  of  the  instructor.  There 
is  a  sort  of  winning  kindness  and  helpful- 
ness, possessed  by  some  instructors,  which 
makes  the  task  which  they  impose  upon 
their  scholars  light.  They  are  patient  witji 
a  loving  patience  which,  instead  of  inspir- 
ing irksomencss  and  impatience,  wakes  the 
student  to  cheerful  and  hopeful  exertion. 
It  is  worth  a  great  deal  to  the  teacher  of 
penmanship  to  possess  this  sympathetic 
forbearance.  He  has  a  personal  hold,  then, 
upon  the  pupils  which  no  mere  excellence  of 
execution  o-^  profound  theoretical  knowledge 
of  the  subject  can  gain  for  him. 

Pinal!y,in  order  to  teach  an  art  with  suc- 
cess, the  instructor  must  be  careful.  Noth- 
ing is  so  liable  to  occur,  as  that  an  error  or  a 
false  idea  siiould  come  into  the  mind  of  the 
pupil  through  negligence  of  the  instructor. 
When  we  remember  how  much  liberty  there 
really  is  in  art,  how  much  room  for  per- 
sonal eccentricity,  we  should  he  exceedingly 
careful  in  watching  the  effec  t  of  our  instruc- 
tions upon  each  individual  under  our  charge. 
Unless  we  do  this,  some  vicious  mannerism  or 
personal  fault  is  very  likely  to  creep  in.  One 
pupil  will  tind,  lor  iustance,  that  first  he  suc- 
ceeds belter  in  free- hand  writing  with  the 
wript  movement  than  with  the  elbow  move- 
ment. Of  course;  a  child  creeps  easier,  at 
first,  than  it  walks;  a  boy  paddles  easier 
than  be  swims.  But  how  is  it  by  and  by  ? 
If  a  child  should  always  creep  he  would 
turn  out  a  misshapen  cripple.  If  a  boy 
should  always  paddle  in  the  water,  he  may 
sometime  lose  his  life  through  inability  to 
swim  for  a  few  rods.  So  with  the  young 
penman.  He  will  never  excel  iu  the  art  of 
free- baud  writing  till  he  learns  to  make  use 


of  a  free 


Gra 


,  be 


exercised  that  he  does  not,  while  bcgiuuiug, 
fall  into  the  cramped  wrist  movement.  And 
there  are  many  other  little  things  in  which 
he  will  be  almost  sure  to  go  astray  unless  he 
is  closely  watched.  The  true  instructor  will 
look  to  the  individual  progress  of  his popUs. 
He  will  be  careful  for  them.     He  may  not 


get  on  so  rapidly  with  his  course  of  lessons 
as  a  less  responsible  rival,  but  his  success  in 
the  end  will  be  incomparably  greater,  and 
he  will  have  the  satisfaction  of  knowing 
that  he  has  done  his  duty  faithfully. 

In  order,  then,  to  teach  an  art  well,  these 
lliroe  things  are  especiHlly  necessary  in  an 
instructor:  Skill,  Patience,  Care.  Let  him 
possess  and  cultivate  these  qualities,  and  he 
can  scarcely  fail  of  the  highest  and  most  en- 

The  "  Peircerian  "  Method  of 

Instruction. 

Its  Application  in  Public   Schools. 

Continued. — Article  III. 

Lesson  after  lessou  having  been  given  on 
slates  to  eatahlish  good  form  and  execution 
of  the  ten  digits,  taken  singly,  it  now  be- 
comes necessary  to  establish  ease  and  ^rac« 
of  motion,  {which  is  the  result  of  speed  in 
different  degrees),  by  doing  concert  work 
about  {5)  five  minutes  of  each  recitation. 

The  teacher  should  take  position  at  the 
board,  and  wiih  crayon  make  the  6gure 
proposed,  while  at  the  same  time  count  one, 
or  one,  two,  or  i-2-3,  as  the  figure  de- 
mands, all  the  time  watching  the  general 
result  <if  the  class  and  increasing  the  speed. 
Try  different  rates,  so  as  to  meet  the  wants 
of  all,  and  it  will  uot  be  long  until  the  stiff, 
cramped  work  so  common  will  have  very 
much  diminished.  One  or  two  figures  will 
be  sufficient  for  the  concert  work  each  time, 
as  a  review,  and  I  guarantee  that  this  course 
will  stimulate  any  class  of  pupils  to  such  a 
degree  that  much  practice  will  be  given  at 
home,  and  thus  new  interest  and  new  life 
will  follow  each  lesson  in  the  school. 

The  majority  of  human  beings,  be  they 
old  or  young,  like  to  be  considered  smart. 
Here  is  one  chance  at  development.  If  it 
is  deemed  advisable,  the  teacher  can  offer 
a  prize  for  the  pupil  who  can  make  the 
greatest  number  of  any  one  pioube,  well, 
at  tlie  time  of  completing  the  figures.  This, 
however,  is  not  necessary,  as  the  plan  itself 
will  accomplish  all  necessary.  The  whole 
secret  of  my  sucscess  has  been  to  present 
work  the  child  could  comprehend,  and  then 
by  the  proper  presentation  manage  to  have 
the  tcork  done  well,  both  general  and  spe- 
cial. I  mean  by  this,  that  the  special  work 
done  during  writing-hour,  must  ho  impreg- 
nated in  the  general  work  of  classes,  else 
all  will  be  a  dead  letter.  No  good  results 
worth  mentioning  will  ever  come  to  any 
teacher  who  does  not  create  in  this  art  a 
love  for  the  beautiful.  As  long  as  a  child 
in  the  general  work  does  not  care  how  a  (4) 
is  made,  and  executes  it  carelessly  in  alt 
manner  of  shapes,  it  is  a  fair  indication 
that  the  special  work  is  doing  no  good.  A 
feeling  of  pride  must  take  hold  of  every 
one  ere  the  desire  to  improve  will  dawn. 
A  careless  pupil  will  uot  improve.  He 
must  be  taught  to  be  careful,  at  all 
times,  and  this  he  will  the  most  likely 
be,  if  you  do  not  impose  too  much 
work.  For  this  reason,  the  attempt  to 
teach  children  how  to  write  must  be  aban- 
doned uniil  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
forms  of  figures  is  established,  together 
with  the  power  to  execute.     I  assert,  with- 


out the  least  fear  of  contradiction,  that 
children  ((!)  six  and  (7)  seven  years  old  can 
be  taught  to  make  the  figures  far  better  in 
(3)  three  months,  than  they  are  usually 
made  by  niue-tenths  of  adults. 

The  reason  so  much  poor  writing  is  prev- 
alent, is  not  because  the  writing  could  not 
be  better,  but  because  pure,  downright  care- 
lessness overbalances  the  spasmodic  efforts, 
and  you  have  the  result. 

If  business-men  demanded  from  their  em- 
ployees better  work  ;  if  Boards  of  Educa- 
tion demanded  more  of  the  teachers ;  if 
each  individual  demanded  more  of  himself, 
then  the  general  looseness  would  not  breed 
the  present  result. 

This  subject,  like  all  others  of  interest  Ur 
the  people,  is  broad  and  deep,  and  no  one 
cares  to  step  in  and  array  himself  against 
the  present  tide  that  has  been  sweeping  ita 
millions  for  many  generations.  No  great 
sin  has  been  committed,  yet  if  improxjcment 
is  our  watchword  we  must  do  our  part  to- 
wards it. 

You  cannot  drive  these  little  onea  to  do 
your  bidding,  with  the  best  results,  no  mora 
than  you  cau  drive  adults  to  good  results. 
Careful  and  persistent  training,  with  a  sys- 
tem that  will  develop  the  individual  needs, 
is  sure  to  be  eminently  popular.  Children 
are  indeed  smart,  and  no  slip-shod  plan  will 
develop  their  better  natures.  Ant/thing 
will  not  do,  and  it  is  high  time  that  adults 
should  know  that  the  fineness  of  their  na- 
ture cannot  be  developed  by  a  coarse  aud 
rough  treatment,  in  the  shape  of  oenerali- 
TIES  suited  perhaps  only  to  a  very  few. 

Let  us  now  suppose  that  Form-Speed— 
(figures  taken  singly),  speed  (figures  mixed, 
i.    €.,    changing   from    one    to    the  other), 


hav 


each  been  established  in  a  fair  degree  by 
two-thirds  of  the  class.  In  March  number 
of  the  Journal,  I  offered  the  inducement 
to  pupils  of  this  graile,  that  as  soon  as  a 
certa.in  amount  of  work  wis  accomplished 
on  slates,  they  would  he  allowed  the  use  oi 
copy-books.  The  time  haw  come  to  carry 
out  this  promise.  Let  there  bo  a  formal 
examination  to  determine  tlie  matter,  and 
as  a  result  I  pass,  say,  two-thirds  of  the 
class.  Those  who  do  uot  pass,  must  con- 
tinue review-work  until  satisfactory.  Lead 
pencils  must  be  furnished  the  pupils  and 
kept  by  the  teacher  in  perfect  working  or- 
der. The  copy-books  have  been  promptly 
brought  by  each  pupil,  and  the  work  goes 
on  PRECISELY  the  same  as  upon  slates, 
except,  perhaps,  that  criticisms  are  made  a 
little  closer,  and  the  dispos^ition  generally  to 
have  the  pupils  do  their  very  beat  work, 
must  now  be  leading  principles. 

C.  H.  Peircb. 
{To  be  continued). 

Not  Responsible. 

It  should  be  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  be 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns;  all  comuiunicatiocs  not 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished; if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  open  to  him  to  say  so  and  tell 
why. 


.^:'^i^__yM^^i^^  3  ^jissammms^^^ 


Lessons  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  II. 

Hv  Heshy  C.  Spexceb. 


In  Wiooiing  a  [maiiioti  lor  «riliDg,  three 
ailvanUgoR  shuultl,  if  )M>86ible,  be  secart^J, 
viz;  guoJ  ligJil,  healllifuIoMS,  convi'nienre. 

Light  frmii  a)i<>v«,  aver  tlio  left  shoulder, 
IB  conslrtered  the  most  Hefirable.  A  frost 
light,  if  not  too  low  or  too  bright,  is  good. 
CroM  lighu  tend  to  iujure  tho  eyes.  Light 
from  the  right  prodoces  troubleaonte  sha- 
dows. 

that 


Hoalthruln 
there  Bhfill  1 
DBtural  nctioi 
ive  organs, 
outward,  thr 
hollowing  the  chest 
abdoniCQ,  should  not 


iss  of  positioD  requl 
e  uo  disturbance  of  the  full 
of  tho  lungs,  heart  and  digest- 
Thereforo,  bending  the  back 
wing  the  Etlioulders  forward, 
compressing  the 
idulgcd 


that   tho 


requi 
page  be  in  front  of  the  face,  th 
incline  forward  (bending  only  at  the  hips) 
just  enough  (o  foous  the  sight,  that  letters 
and  wordM  may  be  distinctly  seen  without 
straining  the  eyes.  Ccuvenienco  also  re- 
quires thiit  the  right  arm  and  hand  be  kept 
free  for  movoinont.  Hence,  throwing  the 
weight  of  the  body  upon  tho  iirms,  pressing 
them  duwQ  upon  the  desk,  and  holding  the 
peu  with  a  Iiard  grasp,  must  be  avoided. 

Cut  I  !«trikiugly  contiasts  the  right  and 
wrong  writing- position.     Study  the  picture 


Cut  II  illustrates  the  mauner  of  adjust- 
ing the  arms,  hands,  pen  and  paper  in  the 
Front  Position  at  desk,  the  one  we  propose 
to  teach  in  thi 


ipy  at  table  for 
partaking  of 


,al  purposes  and  whei 


See  Cut  IX.  Extend  first  and  second 
fingers  and  thumb  of  right-hand,  holding 
them  together,  as  shown  in  cut.     Now  slide 


the  ( 


the  hand  right  and  left  on  tips  o**  nailB  of 
third  and  fourth  lingers,  moving  it  by  power 
of  fore-arm  acting  on  its  muscular  center  for- 
ward of  the  elbiiw.     This  is  the  fore-arm 


Drill. 

Attention.  Place  your  pen  uj)i»u  tlte  desk 
about  a  foot  and  a-half  from  the  edge,  op- 
posite your  left  shoulder.  Place  your  paper 
obliquely  upi»n  the  des-k,  the  top  of  the  page 
in  front  of  your  face.  We  wish  you  to 
loam  the  I 


TION. 


After  learning  this  yt-u  can  easily 
either  of  the  others  at  any  time,  if  for  any 
reason  you  should  desire  to  do  so  Now 
see  that  you  are  direc'Iy  facing  the  desk, 
near  but  nut  leaning  against  it ;  place  feet 
level  on  the  Hoor,  drawn  slightly  back  to 
bring  insteps  vertically  under  the  knees. 


r>.t    pomiuu    Hii-I    •ail   ket^i*   it.      YuU    will 
ilum  be  ready  for 

Copv  I  (Cut  XI).  It  c.usists  of  eight 
hoiizuiitiil  straight  hues,  in  length  eqiul  to 
half  then  idth  <>(  your  fnolscup  page.  Make 
the  lines  from  left  to  right  counting  regularly, 
one,  two,  three,  four,  live,  six,  seven,  eiglit, 
and  repeat.  Each  gn  up  of  eight  strokes, 
properly  spiced,  will  fill  the  space  between 
two  rult-d  lines.  What  mt<vcineDt  should 
yuu  employ  in  making  these?  Fore-arm  as 
the  governing  movement.  Do  not  permit 
your  hand  to  roll  to  tiie  right,  nor  the  wrist 
to  touch  the  paper.  Continue  the  exercise 
until  you  can  make  the  strokes  easily  and 
well,  all  the  while  holding  the  pen  correctly. 
Re    alert,    critical,    resolute,    persevering. 

Copy  2  (Cut  XII).     It  comprises  eight 
tal    strokes    connected    at   ends    by 
ihort  turns.    Use  mainly  the  fore-arm  move- 
iient,  rightand  left.  Count  strokes  regularly, 
off  promptly.    Gradually  increase  your 
Make   strokes    smoothly  and  uni- 
formly.      Seek     Ui 
make    the    correct 
position   comforta- 
ble and  easy.   This 
pendular     exercise 
will   be   found  be- 
neticial     at     any 
Its  frequent 
will 


Cl'T  IV  preseuts  ihe  Pariial  Uight-side 
Position,  one  very  much  rsed. 

Cur  V  gives  a  view  of  the  Full  Ilighi- 
side  PtK-itioii,  which  itt  a  favorite  in  public 
Msbools  bern'itte  il  eau  1»e  more  uuifonnly 
lAugbt  that)  any  of  the  others. 

Our  pupils  are  requested  to  try  each  of 
these  positions,  and  then  return  to  the  front 
position — the  pusitiuo  we  are  accustomed  to 


See  Cut  VIII.      Hands  half  closed,  tht 
right  resting   upon  the  tips  of    tbc  fingei 


slanting  straight 
its  sen-ant,  th©  left-hand.  Now  lift  your  line,  the  body-stroke,  so  called,  of  the  small 
peu  from  desk  I  y  the  top  of  the  holder,  with  I  letters.  It  will  appear,  as  wo  proceed,  iu 
first  and  second  fii-gers  and  thumb  of  left  twenty-two  out  of  the  twenty-six  small 
liand ;  convey  it  to  the  right-hand,  placing  letters  of  the  alphabet.  Trace  this  copy 
it  across  the  corner  of  the  second  finger  and  I  first  with  tip  of  penholder  with  the  fore-arm 
nail,  and  pixssiug  it  under  the  first  finger  movement,  restraining  all  separate  action  of 
crossing  just  forward  of  the  knuckle  joint ;  !  the  fingers.  Dictate  to  your  hand  thus  : 
close  tho  thumb  in  ou  the  left,  pressing  Glide,  one;  glide,  two;  glide,  three,  Re- 
lightly  on  the  holder  tipposite  the  lower  peat.  This  Copy,  :j,  has  four  sections. 
Joint  of  the  fore-linger.      In  this  )io8ition,     The  first  contains  three  down  strokes ;  the 


slide  the  hand,  dictating  either  mentally  c. 
audibly,  "right,"  "left,"  right,'"  "left,"' 
etc.,  carefully  ubserving  the  correct  position 
and  the  action  of  the  fure-arin  and  hand. 
With  the  left-hand  bold  the  paper  in  plai 


aeeond,  six ;  and  so  on.  Trace  and  write 
each  section,  keeping  to  proper  position. 
Criticise  your  work  iu  respect  to  regularity 
of  bight  and  spacing.  Alter  thorough 
practice  with  fore-arm  movement,  you  may 


its  sides  parallel  to  the  right  fore-arm.  Keep  introduce  subordinate  finger  movements  ou 
the  wrist  of  right-hand  above  the  paper.  I  the  down  strokes  in  alternation  with  the 
CoDtinae  this  gliding  motion  of  hand,  right  ;  fore-arm 


-^i.U.  ■'Tm:ii^Mm- 


Movements  Deffned. 

7?i«  Fore-arm  Movement  ctmeists  in  the 
.li-lion  of  ihp  fi>re-ann,  centered  upon  the 
irmecular  Bwell  forward  of  the  elbow,  parry- 
\xn^  the  hanil  on  the  paper  ou  the  tips  of 
the  nails  of  the  tliinl  and  fourth  fingers. 

The  Finger  Movement  consists  in  the 
'-•iTiihincd  action  of  the  finit  and  seiwod  tin- 
iii-T»  and  thumb  in  using  the  pen. 

Although  these  two  inovemeote  are  de- 
tiiied  separately,  yet  they  are  usually  ein- 
ployed  ctmjniully,  foruiing  what  is  called 
tlic  Combined,  or  Compound,  Movemetit,  the 
uje  best  adapted  to  practical  writing. 

The  pupil  cannot  dwell  too  thoroughly 
upon  these  exercises  in  position  and  move- 
uieut.  Tliey  cannot  be  too  well  learned. 
TboMe  M-bo  really  ina.ster  first  lessons,  have 
very  lirtle  difficulty  iu  mastering  the  lessons 
which  follow  in  regular  order. 

Copv  4  (Cut  XIV).  This  Is  given  more 
for  study  tlian  for  practice.  Practice,  how- 
ever, must  not  he  omitted.  The  straight 
line,  riijhi  curve,  and  left  curve  are  the  ele- 
ments of  letters.  They  are  the  inolerial  to 
be  used  in  forming  letters. 

Observe  the  dotted  s.piare, 
and  width  divided  into  three 
('art'fully  make  such  a  B(|u;i 
iog  2i  simces  on  upper  sides 
left  verlical,  make  a  point;  from  this  di 
il'uvn  a  slanting  straight  line  to  base  of  the 
vortical.     This  liae  will  form  au  angle  of 
•i'Z"^  with  base  Hue,  and  is  on  what  is  called 
the  main  slant  of  wnling. 

Practice  the  slanting  straight  lines,  firs', 
with  fore-arm  movement,  not  permitting 
any  separate  action  of  the  fingers.  Tbe 
strokes  sliould  be  made  regularly  from  top 
downward.  Motion  may  be  regulated  by 
counting.  After  the  forearm  drill,  allow 
first  and  second  tiiigers  and  thumb,  and 
the  action  of  the  hand  at  the  wrist,  to  co- 
operate with  fore-arm,  producing  combined 
movement. 

Study  the  curves.  See  how,  by  the  aid 
of  the  dotted  equares,  the  connective  slant 
of  30°  (one-third  of  a  right  angle)  is  se- 
cured. Practice  thp  curved  strokes,  making 
them  from  base  upward.  Try  them  wiih 
fore-arm  movement,  then  with  combined 
movement.  Maintain  correct  position, 
study,  practice,  criticise  your  efforts,  and 
you  will  beconte  master  of  the  pen. 
{To  be  continued.) 


with  its  bight 

I  0(iuh1  spaces. 

Lre,  then  pass- 

.right  of  the 


The  Packard  Pic-Nic. 


Th.= 


Packard's  College  to..k  place  on  Friday, 
June  ."iOtli,  that  being  the  closing  day  of  the 
year's  work.  Over  two-hundred  students 
and  their  friends  took  the  Glen  Island  boat, 
at  half-past  eight  in  the  morning,  ami  spent 
the  day  in  such  amusements  as  make  up  tbe 
programme  of  a  modern  excursion.  The 
young  men  ran  races  and  jumped  for  fun 
and  gold  medals;  the  young  ladies  played 
ball  and  enxjuet,  and  flirted  in  a  most  inno- 
cent and  wholesome  fashion,  and  everybody 
took  a  Rhode  Island  Clam-bake,  an.l  de- 
clared it  was  good  to  be  there.  The  day 
was,  for  the  most  part,  jiropitioue,  but  ended 
in  a  slight  shower  which  jiromised,  for  a 
time,  to  cut  ofl"  the  last  two  items  iu  the 
programme  —  the  swimming-race  and  the 
tub-race.  These  feats,  however,  were  ex- 
ecuted with  much  gallantry  and  skill,  aud 
the  big  family  went  back  to  town  on  the 
half-past  five  boat,  nmkiug  a  lively  time  of 
it  for  all  on  board.  The  medals  we 
sented  to  the  victors  by  Mr.  Packard, 
return  trip,  aud  the  afiair  ^^as  voted 
most  delightful  episode  in  tlie  year' 


>bea 


School  Slates 

Are  now  being  made  of  white  card-board, 
covered  with  a  film  forui>  d  by  the  action  of 
sulphuric  acid  on  tissue  paper.  This  ctjv- 
eriiig  is  jirobably  a  modification  of  cellu- 
loid. Tue  slates  can  be  used  with  a  lead 
pencil,  or  with  ink,  and,  to  remove  the 
marks,  the  slate  is  washed  with  cold  water. 
A  special  ink  u  also  prepared  for  use  with 


the  white  slates.  It  is  composed  nf  harm- 
less mineral  coloring  matter  mixed  with 
dextrine,  and  is  aptly  cnlled  "children's 
ink."  It  can  be  removed  from  the  slate 
with  a  wet  sponge.  Another  form  of  slate 
is  made  by  coating  the  white  card-board 
with  water-glass.  It  may  be  used  with 
lead  pencil  or  Colored  crayons.  AVhen  the 
surface  becomes  soiled  the  water-glass  may 
be  rubbed  oft'  with  sand-paper,  aud  a  new 
film  may  be  put  on  with  a  sponge  or  bnish 
dipped  in  water-glass.  The  ordinary  black 
slate  and  white  pencil  Is  weW  enough  for 
mere  writing  and  outlines,  but  for  pictures 
requiring  shading,  it  mislends  the  child  by 
presenting  the  picture  with  the  lights  re- 
versed, or  in  a  negative  position.  A  white 
slate  and  black  pencil,  is  therefore  better, 
as  following  nature  in  the  matter  ol  shading 
and  giving  pictures  that  are  positive.  The 
new  slates  have  not  yet  been  introduced  in 
this  country,  but  it  would  seem  that  they 
might  prove  of  value  in  our  schools.  Per- 
haps a  celluloid  state,  if  properly  made, 
would  be  equally  good,  and  might  be  sold 
at  a  low  price. — Ida  Co.  Pioneer. 

Another     Great    Engineering 
Scheme. 

Some  of  our  leading  engineers  suggest  a 
plan  for  utilizing  the  vast  water  supply  of 
the  extreme  northern  part  of  the  continent. 
By  closing  the  northerly  outlet  of  the  valley 
of  the  Mackenzie  River  at  the  line  of  Gti  de- 
grees, and  thus  storing  up  the  water  of 
J.'^GO.OOO  square  miles,  to  which  could  be 
added  the  water  of  other  large  areas,  a  lake 
would  be  formed,  of  about  2,0U0  miles  iu 
length  by  200  of  average  width,  which 
would  cover  with  one  continuous  surface  the 
labyrinth  of  streams  nud  valleys  which  now 
<iecupy  the  Mackenzie  Valley.  It  would 
prove  a  never-failing  feeder  for  the  Missis- 
sippi, and  would  connect  with  Hudson  Bay 
and  the  great  Lakes,  and  also  with  the  in- 
terior of  Alaska  through  the  Yakon  and  its 
affluents.  The  connection  of  the  Upper 
Mississippi  with  Lake  Mackenzie  would  be 
a  comparatively  easy  matter,  and  a  vast 
amount  of  navigable  water-way  would  be 
added  to  this  river.  The  formation  of  Lake 
Mackenzie  would  also  contribute  to  the  pro- 
posed ship  canal  from  Cairo  (Illinois)  to  the 
Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  by  the  almost  straight 
line  which  cuts  the  Wabash  Valley,  the 
Lakes  Erie  and  Ontario,  and  the  Lower  St. 
Lawrence. — Boston  Journal  of  Chemistry. 

The  Pagan  and  the*  Lawyer.  —  In 
Police  Court  No.  2,  yesterday  afternoon,  a 
highbinder  was  undergoing  examination  ior 
assault  to  murdfr,  and  being  warmly  de- 
ftnded  by  ex-judge  M.  S.  Horau,  one  of  the 
stanchest  supporters  of  tbe  Democracy  to  be 
found  in  the  state.  Among  the  witnesses 
was  a  remarkably  well-educated  Mongolian 
named  Joe  Sing,  who  was  made  a  citizen  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  some  years  ago.  Ex- 
Judge  Koran  commenced  the  examination 
of  the  witness  with  tlie  stereotyped  "What 
i-*  your  name?"  Witness:  "Joo  Sing."  Kx- 
Judge  Horan:  "What  is  your  business?"' 
Witness:  "  I  am  a  seam  .u."  Ex- Judge 
Horau :  "  I  believe  you  are  a  naturalized 
citizen  and  vote  regularly?"  Witness: 
"Oh,  yes;  I  am  a  citizen.  I  <;an  vote  as 
well  as  you  can."  Here  Mr.  Horau  could 
not  resist  the  temptation  to  make  a  point 
for  the  "grand  old  parly,"  aud  awked :  "I 
suppose  you  vote  the  Republican  ticket 
alwaysf"  Witness:  "No,  sir;  I  always 
Vote  the  Democratic  ticket."  The  court- 
room lobby  roared,  unmindful  of  Bailift' 
Smith's  shouts  for  order,  and  the  paralyzed 
Horan  dropped  back  in  his  chair  us  though 
he  had  been  shot.  After  order  had  been 
restored,  the  examination  was  proceeded 
without  any  great  amount  of  latitude  being 
taken  by  the  blushing  and  disgusted  at- 
torney.— San  Francisco  Chronicle. 


There  are  a  number  of  coincidences  in  the 
life  of  Queen  Victoria  of  Great  Britain. 
This  year,  1S82,  is  the  nineteenth  year  of 


the  2i)7th  cycle  of  nineteen  years.  Queeu 
Victoria  was  bom  in  IBJ9,  aud  adding  the 
digits  of  that  year  the  total  is  nineteen. 
In  her  lyth  year  she  ascended  the  throne ; 
Ihedigitsof  that  year,  18^7,  added  together, 
make  nineteen.  This  year,  l^^2,  the  total 
sum  of  ttie  figures  is  also  nineteen.  This 
will  do  for  nineteen.  There  is  another 
series  of  nines,  however.  The  Queen  bad 
nine  children.  This  year  she  "will  have 
reigned  45  years,  and  tbe  sum  of  4  and  5  is 
nine.  This  year  she  will  be  63  years  old, 
and  again  6  and  3  make  nine.  This  year 
the  Queen  will  haveliveed2I  years  a  virgin, 
21  years  a  wife  and  21  years  a  widow,  aud 
the  sum  of  these  digits  is  nine. — Sural  Netc 
Yorker. 

A  Mistake  was  Made. — A  young  lady 
gave  "  her  yi)uug  man  "  a  beautifully- worked 
pair  of  slippers,  and  he  acknowledged  the 
present  by  sending  her  his  picture,  encased 
in  a  handsome  frame.  He  wrote  a  note  to 
send  with  it,  and,  at  the  same  time,  replied 
angrily  to  an  oft-repeated  dun  for  an 
unpaid-for  suit  of  clothes.  He  gave  a  boy 
ten  cents  to  deliver  the  package  and  notes, 
giving  explicit  directions  as  to  the  destina- 
tion of  each. 

It  was  a  hoy  with  a  freckled  face,  and  he 
disfdiarged  his  en-and  in  a  manner  that 
should  give  him  a  niche  in  tbe  temple  of 

The  young  lady  received  a  note  in  her 
adored  one's  handwriting,  and  flew  to  her 
room  to  devour  its  contents.  She  opened 
the  missive  with  eager  fingers,  and  read : 

"  I'm  getting  tired  of  your  everlasting 
attentions.  The  suit  is  about  worn  out 
already.  It  never  amounted  to  much,  any- 
way.    Please  go  to  thunder." 

Aud  the  taibir  was  struck  utterly  dumb, 
when  he  opened  a  parcel,  and  discovered 
the  picture  of  his  delinquent  customer,  with 
a  note  that  said  : 

"When  you  gaze  upon  the  features, 
think  how  much  I  owe  you." 

When  the  unfortunate  young  man  called 
around  that  evening  to  receive  the  happy 
acknowledgment  of  his  sweetheart,  ho  was 
very  ostentatiously  ahovrd  off  the  stops  by 
tlie  youug  lady's  father. — San  FraneL<ico 
Chronicle. 


Ancient  Farms.— We  talk  a  great  deal 
about  the  large  farms  of  this  century  aud 
country,  but  some  of  the  people  of  ancient 
days  had  pretty  good-sized  estates.  For 
instance,  a  contemporary  mentions  tbe  case 
of  Ninus,  who  inherited  from  his  father, 
Nimrod,  a  farm  as  big  as  a  good-sized  west- 
ern estate,  with  120,000  cattle,  14,000 
slaves,  and  about  $000,000,000  as  working 
capital,  all  of  which  he  doubled  before  his 
death.  Cyrus,  the  King  of  Persia,  had  at 
one  time  30,000  horses,  40,000  cattle,  200,- 
UOO  sheep,  15,000  asses,  and  25,000  slaves, 
and  three  thousand  million  dollars  spare 
cash  besides. 

Selected. 

Victor  Hugo  believes  in  salvation  by 
works.  "  Death,"  he  says,  "  is  the  recom- 
pense for  the  good  done  on  earth." 
.  A  lady-traveler  says  that  she  never  finds 
a  newspaper  or  a  clock  in  the  ladies'  parlor 
of  a  hotel  but  that  ^he  always  finds  a  mirri>r. 

A  literary  woman:— "Is  Mrs.  Brown  a 
literary  woman  I"  "  Decidedly.  She  makes 
most  beautiful  pen-wipers."— Boston  Tran- 
script. 

The  truest  test  of  civilization  is  not  the 
census,  nor  the  sizo  of  cities,  nor  the  crops 
— no,  but  the  kind  of  men  the  country  turns 
out. — Emerson. 

An  Astronomical  Congress  is  about  to  be 
held  at  Strasburg,  which  will  he  visited  by 
many  eminent  astronomers  from  all  parts  of 
the  civilized  world. 

A  little  giri  of  three  explains  the  Gulden 
Rule  to  her  older  sister :  "  It  means  that 
you  must  do  everything  I  want  you  to,  and 
you  musu't  do  anything  that  I  don't  want 
you  to." 


The  speaker  had  failed  to  awaken  a  very 
deep  interest  in  his  hearers,  but  when  the 
small  boy  had  stolen  quietly  out  after  leav- 
ing red  pepper  on  tho  stovo  there  wasn't  a 
dry  eye  in  the  house. — Modern  Argo. 

"Is  lying  wicked t"  asked  a  teacher  of 
his  class.  "  Very,"  replied  a  little  urchin 
"  if  it  is  habitually  practiced."  "  Good  boy," 
replied  the  teacher ;  "  aud  is  suicide  very 
wicked  T  "  "  Yes,"  shouted  tbe  whole  class, 
"if  habitually  practiced." 

A  man  can  always  write  better  than  he 
can  speak.  This  is  a  rule  of  universal  ap- 
plication. Even  when  a  gentleman  stands 
on  the  bank  of  a  stream,  he  gets  no  fish 
by  speaking,  though  ho  be  ever  so  eloquent ; 
but  on  the  other  hand,  if  he  just  "  drops  a 
line"  to  tlu!  finny  tribe,  they  respond  with, 
great  alacrity. 

The  latest  joke  about  King  Kalakaua,  of 
the  Sandwich  Islands,  is  that  ho  cuuuot  help 
being  a  good  man.  The  reaium  assigned  is 
that  his  ancestors  ate  so  much  missionary  in 
their  time  that  it  worked  into  their  system 
and  was  transmitted  to  their  descendants. 
Missionaries  who  are  eaten  are,  after  all,  not 
wasted,  it  would  appear. 

The  death  of  Darwin  lia.s  brought  out  iti 
a  striking  manner  the  silent  revolution  that 
has  occuned  iu  tho  world  of  thoueht  during 
the  past  twenty-one  years.  Who  would  have 
iniagined,  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago, 
that  the  author  of  the  "Origin  of.Species 
by  Natural  Selection "  would  be  buried  la 
Westminster  Abbey,  aud  that  eulogies 
would  be  pronounced,  regarding  his  charac- 
ter and  career,  by  dignitaries  of  the  Church 
of  England  f 

In  Norway  woodpeckers'  damage  tele- 
graph poles  by  boring  througii  them,  sup- 
posing that  the  humming  sound  produced 
by  the  wires  is  caused  by  insects  upon 
which  they  feed.  Bears  also  remove  tho 
supports  of  the  poles,  instinct  leading  them 
to  suspect  that  the  humming  is  produced  by 
wild  bees  and  tlmt  the  poles  contain  honey. 
Instinct,  like  reason,  is  not  infallible. 

We  are  accustomed  to  consider  a  signa- 
ture in  the  form  of  a  cross-mark  as  a  token 
of  ignorance,  and  as  kings  aud  nobles  iu 
the  past  nsed  it  freely,  set  it  down  to  tho 
illiteracy  of  the  lime.  Among  the  Saxous, 
however,  this  mark  of  the  cross  was  re- 
quired after  the  signature  as  an  attestation 
of  good  faith — in  fact,  tbe  symbol  of  an  oath. 
The  phrase  "  God  save  the  mark  "  occurs 

plained  by  Mr.  Charles  Knight  as  a  refer- 
ence to  this  custom. — Our  Continent. 

With  the  death  of  Dean  Stanley  ceased 
the  production  of  about  the  worst  hand- 
writing tho  world  has  ever  known,  hut 
printers  will  bo  continued  to  be  baflled,  at 
least  as  hmg  as  a  certain  member  uf  the 
present  House  of  Commons  lives.  That 
gentleman  recently  gave  notice  of  his  in- 
tention to  put  a  question  to  the  Premier  with 
respect  to  tlie  duties  chargeable  upou  each 
county  and  borough  iu  England  aud  Wales. 
After  some  timo  spent  in  tlie  endeavor,  the 
clerks  and  the  primers  were  fdiliged  to 
abandon  the  attempt  to  decipher  the  oaiiie. 
The  nrdic-e  accurdiugly  appeartd  on  tho 
Orders  with  a  blank  where  the  name  should 
have  been. 

Astronomy  is  a  beautiful  science.  Wo 
arc  told  that  if  a  railway  was  rnn  from  tho 
earth  to  the  nearest  fixed  star,  and  (lie  faro 
was  only  one  penny  for  every  utw.  hundred 
miles,  and  if  you  took  to  the  ticket-otiice  a 
ma.ss  ol  gold  equal  (o  the  uutioual  debt— 
$3,ti00,000,000— it  wouldn't  be  sufficient 
to  pay  for  a  ticket  to  ihe  nearest  fi.\td  star 
aforesaid.  If  this  he  the  case,  it  matters 
very  little  to  us  whether  such  a  railroad  is 
ever  constructed.  U  would  be  inighty  di»- 
couriiging  to  go  into  the  lickot-olficc  with 
a  mass  of  gold  itpiai  tu  *3,t*(  10,000,000  and 
be  informed  that  the  fare  was  $o,07d,032,- 
000.  If  the  ticket-agent  wouldn't  trust  un 
til  we  got  back  we'd  be  compelled  to  forego 
tbe  trip. 


Ah  1     JOIKNAI. 


In  School  Days. 


And  blMkbrrrr  Tlirn  mn  rtmnin^ 


W*Dl  •tomlog  out  lo  J>lB 
It  U)iicl)«d  tba  tanffM  gotd 


Wb«n  prld« 
PuablCfT  tritb  n 


Educational  Notes. 

[CommutiicatimiB  for  tliia  Dt-purlmeiil  miiy 
be  BddrvaBttd  tu  B.  R  KkLLKY,  :JU&  Brundway, 
)J«w  York.     Briut*  educatiuiial  ilemn  euticitHd.] 


A  medical  college  for  womrn  has  jtist 
keen  iDcurporated  in  Baltimore. 

The  Appletons  have  er.hl  4(i,000,UUO 
Wehater  spellers  wiihiii  the  last  forty  years. 

It  was  not  until  after  the  ninth  century 
that  copyists  began  to  leave  spaces  between 
words  in  writing. 

Connnercial  departnieola  in  connection 
with  literary  and  clusaical  instltutiuns  are 
rapidly  iuerca&iug. 

Edinburgh  University  has  3,237  students, 
the  School  of  Medicine  taking  the  larger 
proportion — 1,6:^8. 

More  hours  are  spent  in  ihe  study  of  his- 
tory at  Hariford  than  in  that  of  any  other 
branch  of  learning. 

The  University  of  Derlin  has  now  more 
than  4,U0U  students— the  largest  number 
ever  yet  reached  by  tlie  German  university 

St.  Louis  now  has  thirty-six  kindergar- 
tens, eacli  containing  from  75  to  125  pupils. 
They  are  aU  emiueuily  successful.—JV.  Y. 
Trtbune. 

Phila.— Grace  Bubb,  n  Maine  girl,  re- 
cently stood  first  aud  ])HS9i'd  ihe  best  cxam- 
inatioQ  iu  a  class  of  195  at  the  College  of 
I*liarma*iy. — School  Journal. 

Tlie  WorUing-meu's  College,  in  Loudon, 
of  which  'I'buB.  Hugiies,  the  well-known 
author,  is  Presiduut,  has  over  8(10  students 
iu  aiieadance. — Teacher's  Guide. 

The  city  of  Charleston,  S.  C,  is  said  to 
have  done  more  for  itstdf  in  behalf  of  its 
school- children,  without  aid  from  abroad, 
than  any  other  city  in  the  South. 

Michigan  University  has  1,307  students — 
the  largest  number  of  any  Amcricau  col- 
lege. Columbia  pays  its  professois  the  lar- 
gest salariea.— JV.  O.  Christian  Advocate. 

Mr.  Cyrus  W.  Fielil  has  presented  to 
Williams  CoHege  a  wiud-.w  iu  memory  of 
Prtsideul  Garfield.  It  «  as  executed  by  Mr. 
John  Lafarge  at  a  cost  of  over  $4,000. 


Two  hundred  and  ninety-seven  students 
are  named  in  the  annual  catalogue  of  the 
school. —  I'eachrr'i  Guide. 

The  University  at  Cambridge,  England, 
by  an  immense  majority  of  its  Senate — '396 
to  32 — has  opened  its  regular  examination 
to  women  students,  graoling  them  the  same 
honors  and  degrees  as  young  men. — N.  0. 
Christian  Advocate. 

The  Agricultural  College,  in  Michigan, 
is  the  oldest,  aud  is  said  to  be  the  most  sue' 
cessful,  in  the  country.  It  was  established 
in  1854,  and  has  graduated  212  students,  of 
whom  8G  are  general  farmers  and  8  are 
fruit-cuUurists. — N.  0.  Christian  Advocate. 

One  of  the  colored  pupiU  at  Hampton 
(Va.)  lustilute  illustrated  the  opposite 
meanings  of  '"pro"  and  "con"  by  giving 
as  examples  progress  and  CoHgress.  He 
had  evidently  been  reading  the  proceedings 
of  the  present  session. — Detroit  Free  Press. 

Of  the  5t»4  new  convicts  who  were  re- 
ceived into  the  Ohio  Peniteuliary  last  year, 
seventeen  had  a  college  education  and  four*- 
teen  had  taken  high  school  courses.  Murat 
Halstead  thinks  the  inference  is  that  gerunds 
and  supines  have  more  of  a  tendency  to 
drive  men  to  the  dickens  than  the  mild 
analysis  of  early  English  literature. — N.  Y. 
Herald. 

There  are  only  113  works  in  the  English 
language  which  the  blind  can  read.  Pro- 
ducing books  in  raised  letters  is  very  expen- 
sive, and  of  course  the  sales  are  small,  so 
that  their  publication  is  a  matter  of  charily. 
The  Perkins  Institute,  of  Boston,  has 
almost  raised  a  fund  of  $100,000,  with 
which  they  will  issue  twelve  books  a  year 
indefinitely. — Mendocino  Beacon. 


Educational  Fancies. 

There  are  fifty  race-cuurses  in  Kentucky, 

and  (juite   a  number   of  small   colleges. — 


The  faculty  of  Vassar  Colleg 
twenty-five   ladle*    aud  seven  geatleuieD 


School-houscB  should  have  lightning-rods 
on  them,  for  )f  you  spare  the  rod  the  cbil- 
dreu  may  be  spoiled. 

Pastor :  "  When  father  and  mother  both 
abandon  you,  wbr.  then  will  take  you  inf" 
Scholar:  "The  police.'' 

"The  numb'r  of  bones  in  man,"  we  are 
told,  "  is  240."  Just  after  partaking  of  a 
sliad  breakfast  the  number  may  be  increased 
to  250. 

A  boy  when  rebuked  for  spelling  needle 
n-e-i-d-1-e  said  that  every  good  nerdle 
should  have  au  eye  in  it.  "  Sew  it  should," 
responded  the  teacher. — Teacher's  Guiile. 

"Pa,"  asked  little  Johnny,  "what  does 
the  teacher  mean  by  saying  that  I  must 
have  inherited  my  bad  temper!"  "She 
meau't,  Johnny,  that  you  are  your  mother's 

A  has  an  overcoat  for  which  he  paid  $J8, 
and  his  wife  trades  it  ofl'  tor  two  red  clay 
busts  of  Andrew  Jackson,  worth  thirty  cents 
each.  How  much  money  will  the  get  from 
her  husband  to  buy  a  fall  bonnet  t — Detroit 
Free  Press. 

A  man  trades  a  S70  watch  for  a  $45 
shot-gun,  pays  $3  for  repairs,  ^nd  then  ex- 
chanj^es  it  for  a  $30  horse,  which  kicks  a 
$28  cow  to  death,  and  then  dies  of  a  broken 
heart.  How  much  did  the  man  lose?— De- 
troit free  Press. 

When  you  caunnt  spell  a  word,  and  have 
no  dicti<.nary  handy,  the  best  way  is  to 
write  the  ticklish  part  in  a  vague  sort  of 
way,  so  that  the  reader  will  imagine  that 
you  are  either  a  genius,  an  editor  or  a  pro- 
fessor of  foreign  languages. — JV.  ¥.  Com- 
meicial  Advertiser. 

The  Gothic  style  ot  haudwriti.ig  now  so 
popular  amoLig  ladies  may  have  its  liaid- 
vantMges.  It  is  said  that  a  young  man  who 
rerenily  received  a  specimen  of  it  could  unt 
tell,  fur  the  life  ofhim,  whether  it  was  "Yes, 
with  pleasure,"  "No,  thauk  jou,"  or  a 
picket  fence. — Cin.  Trade  List. 

A  tnmp  bus  300  feet  to  go  to  reach  a 


gate,  while  tlie  fanner's  dog  has  300  feet  to 
go  to  bite  the  tramp.  The  tramp  travels  at 
the  rale  of  twelve  miles  an  hour,  and  the 
dog  at  the  rale  of  twenty.  How  near  the 
gate  will  the  poor,  disconraaed  sufferer  be 
when  the  cai-ioe  cau hes  out — Detroit  Free 

Teacher :  "  Johnnie,  you  may  write  a  sen 
tence  on  the  board.  Be  sure  you  have  a 
word  that  represeut-i  an  object,  and  nnethat 
you  CHD  spell.     \ow,  Johnnie,  what  )mve 


"Johnnie,  you  may  go  and 


play  now." 

"  Nature  abhors  a  vacuum,"  remarked 
Ihe  phiUisophic  student,  as  be  quietly  stuffed 
his  iuner  man  from  the  professor's  back 
fruit  orchard.  "  Force  is  an  agent  that 
ciiuees  motion,"  munnured  the  professor,  as 
he  rose  up  out  of  the  weeds  and  gently 
caressed  the  youth  over  the  ten-foot  fence 
on  his  pedal  tips. 

The  ipstlietical  teacher  was  endeavoring 
to  impress  upon  the  mindH  of  the  young 
pupils  the  beauties  of  .he  springtime. 
"  What,"  said  the  teacher,  "  what  comes  in 
the  S|-ring  to  please  the  children  f  (mean- 
ing birds  and  Howers).  After  a  little  pause, 
tw.>-ecore  hands  were  raised.  "Forepaiigh's 
circus,"  was  the  loud  response. — Teacher's 
Jnstitnte. 

A  country  schoolmaster  thus  delivered 
himself:  "  II  a  carpenter  wants  to  cover  a 
roof  fifteen  fee'  wide  by  thirty  broad,  with 
boards  five  feet  broad,  by  twelve  long,  how 
many  boards  will  be  needed?"  The  new 
boy  took  U]i  his  bat  aud  made  for  the  door. 
"  Where  aie  you  goiny  ?  "  asked  the  master. 
"  To  find  a  carpe'iter,''  repli-.d  the  boy. 
"  He  ought  to  know  that  better  than  avy  of 

If  thiough  spels  thru,  why  don't  trough 
spel  tru,  and  blough,  btu,  aud  crongh,  rru, 
aud  Dough,  nu,  aud  tough,  tu  F  If  it  takes 
phthisis  to  spel  titis  and  sigh  to  spel  si,  why 
don't  phthipsigh  spel  tipsy,  and  phthiah- 
shough,  tissu,  and  if  a  Chinaman  car  pro- 
noil^ce  the  buuchea  of  siTawls  on  a  tea- 
chest,  why  is  not  the  same  kind  of  writing 
goiighd  eenoughphfie  phffoir  us? — Rescue. 

[  In  every  instance  where  tlie  source  of  any 


this 


kno< 
!Uiirti^ay  fro 


Bad  Penmanship. 

This  subject  would  seem  to  be  worn  thread- 
bare by  the  frequency  of  its  mention  as  well 
as  the  deprecations  daily  heard  against  it  iu 
business  transactions.  It  will  not  be  neces- 
f^ary  to  particularly  rehearse  the  annoyances 
aud  inconveniences  of  it,  or  to  recall  a  sin- 
gular ease  of  it;  but  we  will  refer  io  a  gen- 
eral and  wholesale  way  to  it  as  the  greatest 
source  of  irouble,  pain,  and  annoyance,  and 
(shall  I  say  it),  sin  wliich  afflicts  this  Ameri- 
can nation,  li  is  the  source  of  sin  in  caus- 
ing open  profanity  and  toss  of  patience  and 
temper,  besides  inward  and  unexpressed 
profanity.  In  private  life  its  occurrence 
may  be  annoying,  but  it  is  less  frequent 
there  than  elsewhere,  because  there  is  gen- 
erally more  care  and  tiuie  taken  to  make  it 
readable  and  to  have  the  earued  renutation 
of  being  a  "gond  penman."  This  is  the  re- 
sult, in  part,  of  the  many  schools  of  oma- 
niental  penmanship,  which  have  thus  raised 
the  social  standard  of  writing;  but  that  is 
about  as  far  as  it  has  gone — it  has  not  yet 
reached  the  business  community  so  as  to 
have  any  visible  effect  upon  correspondents 
and  disinterested  aud  hurried  busluess  mat- 
ters. The  great  centers  of  this  modern  af- 
fiiction  can  be  found  iu  railroad  aud  express 
companies,  in  newspaper  offices,  mercantile 
houses,  law  courts  and  departments  of  gov- 
ernment, but  nowhere  can  it  he  found  so 
fonnidable,  extensive  and  dangerous  as  in 
telegraph  offices.  Each  telegraph  message 
sent  has  to  run  the  hazard  oi  this  gauntlet 
four  tiuies,  and  the  chauces  arc  iucreaeed  by 
hurry  and  brevity  each  lime.  The  number 
of  times  can  bo  proved  somewhat  easier  than 
Dr.  Johnson  proved  that  a  cat  had  three 
tails.    His  plan  was  in  asserting  that  no  cat 


had  two  tails  and  a  cat  had  one  tail  more 
than  no  cat,  hence  a  cat  has  three  tails. 
Now,  a  telegraph  message  has  to  go  through 
five  onleals.  The  first  is  that  iu  the  mind 
of  the  sender  which  he  hurriedly  scrawls  in 
the  fewest  words  possible,  and  it  may  or 
may  not  express  what  he  desires  to  convey. 
The  secowf  is  the  receiving  itperalor,  who 
takes  this  and  is  m-t  guided  by  the  sense  of 
the  words  and  cauuut  aud  to  or  detract  from 
them;  he  makes  them  out  the  best  he  can 
in  a  hurry,  and  trnu^'mits  them  to  another 
operator,  who,  in  the  (Aird  place,  is  guided 
by  what  he  takes  to  be  expressions  of  the 
sender;  he  reads  it  aud  then  hurriedly 
scratches  it  off,  partly  from  memory,  it  may 
be,  and  this  the  fourth  movement  is  de- 
livered to  the  receiver,  who isthe/»/fA party 
who  must  decipher  this  ;Atd  understand  ii  if 
he  can.  The  telegraiih  ctiuipauy  must  see 
that  at  least  three  of  these  are  pn-perly  well 
done.  The  operator  n.usl  accurately  read 
the  message  received,  and  send  it  iu  such 
manuer  as  to  enable  the  receiving  operator 
to  write  it  down  in  such  a  manner  as  to 
make  it  readable  to  the  receiver.  The 
great  burden,  after  all,  is  upon  the  two 
operators,  and  good  penmanship  on  the  part 
of  the  sender  of  the  nussage  and  also  on 
the  part  of  the  receiver  of  the  message 
would  wonderfully  lessen  the  troubles  and 
burdens  and  hazards  of  many  business  com- 


The  question  of  what  is  good  penman- 
ship is  one  that,  strange  to  pay,  is  not  capa- 
ble of  being  definilely  answered  to  the  sat- 
isfaction of  everybody,  and  we  might  say 
anybody.  The  definition,  based  upon  the 
business  experience  of  modern  times,  is  not 
that  ornamental  species  of  graceful  and 
shaded  curves  which  writing-teachers  would 
have  us  believe  and  fain  teach  our  sons  in 
schools  and  busiut-ss-colleges.  Neither  is 
it  that  "round  hand"  and  "  hair  lines,"  which 
were  the  aim  and  delight  of  our  fathers  half 
a  century  ago,  and  are  still  the  delight  of  our 
English  cousins.  That  is  all  very  well  for 
engrossing  and  fur  rccoids  and  social  correa- 
pondence  ;  but,  young  men,  it  is  uot  what 
you  will  need  for  use  in  active  business  life  I 

What  is  needed  and  where  can  I  learn  it, 
you  ask.  What  ia  needed  is  to  make  the 
letters,  in  writing,  of  the  shortest  length 
practicable,  and  without  curves  where  it  is 
possible  to  retain  the  contour  of  letters  with- 
out it,  hold  the  peu  as  close  to  the  paper  as 
possible,  and  maku  aa  little  motion  as  possi- 
ble, and  never  try  to  shade  letters  or  to 
make  graceful  and  oruauiental  curves. 
Write  all  capital  letters  very  plain,  aud  all 
numerical  figures  diMiuctly,  and  write  all 
proper  names  and  abbreviations  distinctly 
and  carefully.  This  is  because  there  ia 
generally  no  means  of  ascertaining  them  by 
the  sense.  You  are  insured  of  rapidity,  and 
it  may  be  said  geueral  gracefulness,  when 
you  make  letters  in  the  shortest  and  easiest 
way  possible,  asabuve  suggested  ;  this,  with 
the  proper  names  and  figures  distinct,  will 
render  such  writiut;  ea>ily  read.  The  usual 
indistiuctuess  of  numerical  figures  in  writ- 
ing has  led  telegraph  compauies  to  require 
all  nimihers  to  be  fjif  lied  uut  both  in  receiv- 
ing and  eeudiug  mes.siiges,  to  avoid  frequent 
errors  in  them.  Punctuation  ia  also  import- 
ant as  well  as  the  use  of  capital  letters,  to 
aid  in  ascertainiug  the  sense  of  words. 
(JrnauienlAl  penmanship  is  as  much  out  of 
place  iu  a  telegiaph  mtseage  as  it  would 
be  in  waltz  to  your  jdace  of  business  instead 
of  directly  stepping  iJiere.  Business  pen- 
manship is  not  as  much  taught  iu  schools  and 
colleges  as  it  ought  to  he,  and  hence  a  per- 
son must  be  his  own  teacher  in  a  great 
measure  and  learn  by  experience  and  obser- 
vation the  manner  and  style  which  is  the 
easiest  and  best  tor  himself  to  insure  the 
most  rapid  and  readable  hand,  and  not  be 
guided  by  mere  imitation,  as  is  characteris- 
tically the  case  in  ornamental  penmanship. 
Nearly  all  telegraph  operators  are  required 
to  be  able  to  write  from  twenty  to  thirty 
words  a  minute,  aud  a  few  have  even  been 
able  to  write  fifty  short  words  a  minute  so 
that  the  message  could  be  read  without 
being  copied  over  by  the  receiving  operator. 


^^^Tf^tt 


Am     .JOl  HN.vi, 


I  u  large  bneioess  cCDtres  the  MpyiilK  over 
of  a  (elfgraph  inessdgo  is  oot  expected  ur 
fjenerally  allowed. 

While  we  are  firm  believers  that  land-  | 
"  riling  shows  the  characteristics  of  the  ' 
^^riler,  particularly  iu  autographs,  it  is  uot 
f">  marked  iu  husioe^s  corninuDications,  sa 
it  is  left  more  to  the  habit  and  practice  of 
the  writer,  and  is  circumscribed  much  by  > 
time  audoppoitunily  afforded  for  the  display 
'.f  tasie,  which  dn  not  atteud  the  mere  sign- 
ing of  one's  name  according  to  his  own 
fancy.     Persons    who   do  not   write    much 


show  their  individual  character  more  when 
they  do  write  than  those  who  write  much 
and  in  haste. 

Our  closing  advire  w,  let  your  letters  be 
made  plain,  well  de6ned  and  brief,  withoot 
curves  and  Hourishes,  and  it  will  be  a  hless- 
ioK  aud  not  a  curse  to  all  who  have  to  do  l 
anything  with  it. — Journal  of  the  Telegraph.  , 


Many  writing-  masters  do  a  Jlourishing 
iisiness,  yet  practically  they  are  not  a  sui- 


Gum   Arabic. 

The  most  familiar  objecta  about  ns  are 
often  least  understood,  and  probably  few 
can  pause  to  ask  the  question  :  What  is 
gum  arable,  and  from  whence  it  comes  f  In 
Morocco,  about  the  middle  of  November 
(that  is,  a'ler  the  rainy  season),  a  gummy 
juice  e.'iudes  spontaneously  from  the  trunk 
and  branches  of  the  acacia.  It  gradually 
thickens  in  the  furrow  down  which  it  runs, 
and  assumes  the  form  of  oval  aud  round 
drops,  about  the  size  of  a  pigeon's  egg,  of 


different  colors,  as  &  comes  from  the  red  or 
white  gum  tree.  About  the  middle  of 
December  the  Moors  encamp  on  the  borden 
of  the  forest,  and  the  harvests  last  a  full 
month.  The  gum  is  packed  in  large 
leather  sacks,  and  transported  on  the  backs 
of  camels  and  bulluclis  to  seaports  for  ship. 
meut  to  ditlerent  countries.  The  harvest 
occasion  is  made  one  of  great  rejoicing,  and 
the  people,  for  the  time  being  almost  live 
on  gum,  which  is  nutritious  and  fattening. 
Sucli  is  the  comiuercial  story  of  this  simpla 
but  useful  article. 


'"ueusHeoariMeTaoisaoxowA^N-' 

Ihe  ahore  cut  is  photo- engraved  from  an  original  pen-avd-inK-  design  (22xSS  in.),  ea.-ecv1ed  at  the  offtce  of  the  '^Journal"  Copies  have  been  finely  printed  (18x32  in.) 
on  a  good  quality  of  Bristol  hoard,  which  are  being  rapidly  sold  by  agents,  to  whom  ihe  most  liberal  terms  are  given.  Single  copies  mailed  to  any  address  for  $1.00.  In  our 
A  ugust  isstte  ice  shall  presettt  a  cut  of  our  new  Marriage  Certificate,  which  is  designed  to  he  a  companion  work  to  the  Record.  The  original  is  now  nearly  completed,  and  oopiet 
V  II  be  ready  for  agents  before  the  1st  of  August.  It  will  be  printed  m  two  s,ze^,vtz:  IS  x  2:^.  for  framtny,  and  11  x  li  on  bond  paper,  so  a^  to  admit  of  folding.  SingUj 
(■JHS,  J^  X 32,  at  ^I.OO,  an4  U  5  U,  50  cents.  Sample  copies,  either  Record  or  Certificate,  tcill  be  sent  to  persons  desiring  to  act  as  agents  at  on^-half  thf  above  frioca. 
Ur  Br-^i^eiihtr  <if  these  works  will,  here^tr,  be  given  (w  a  premium  with  tht '  '</oifrtnrf," 


J  ■•: 


:■  cf^f  of  the  Joi;iL<(AL  m>dI  od  nwtpt  of  1 

ADVERTISING   RATES. 

.  earn"  liiod    iioo.ob    iiso.oo 


)3  7: 


3fi.« 


mAwmnrr ;  for  ill  iiionlh*  and  on*  year,  payabl*  qni 

LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 

In*  "'"'     ■    '■"'''"" 

Mill—    •'         '■    ' ■"       "•-'  " ,-'".l-"rl"l> 


.^rs: 


ProKnw."  iSliWi  o 


PREMIUMS 

w  (utiM-ribcT,  or  rem 


Ixprd'd 


irIod'i  NonDalfiy^K 
*  nomM  iinil  |3  wn  wl 


d'.Pntw."  19x24; 
l^enlennlnl  Ploriire  of 
BiiuiidiDfffitii9,":Mx3S.   For 

py  o»  ellhiw  of  the   fotluwing 
fiy*i«m  of  I^iieriflfT 


Floi 


"  Willi"  1 


TO  CLUBS: 

lAL  nremlnni  to  Uio  a 
DDK  vrar.  wlihaobolc 
J  IblliMTi: 


rKKMAN'S   ART  JOURNAL, 

!i05  Broodwny,  New  Yoi 

LONDON   AGENCY. 
llilDl    to    Iho    PKXMAS'8    AHT  JOUHSAl 

iRNATlONAL  NEWS   COMPANY. 


Natlo«  will  1m)  fflvnn  by  )Ki«lnt-ciL 
Iho  pxplnillon  of  iboir  lulxoriptloiii 
nipor  will,  la  till  vum,  bo  ttoi'ped  u 

New  York,  July,  1882. 


Lessons  in    Box    and   Package 

Marking. 

lu  \u'\v  <.r  tlio  frrcal  utility  and  the  fre- 
qufut  R'tiucBts  fur  InBtnictiou  iu  package 
lind  l)ux  iiiHrking  liy  the  patrons  of  the 
JonitNAi,,  we  shall,  in  the  August  iiuinher, 
give  tlio  first  of  a  series  of  practiojil  lessons, 
emhraciiig  the  )irnper  aljiliabet  for  all  mark- 
irg-puriioses.  To  be  able  to  hauilsoinely 
and  («xpeditioue1y  mark  a  package  is  an  ac- 
conipliBliment  whioh  is  highly  approuiated 
in  their  employes  by  large  mercantile  houses, 
ea  well  as  managers  of  express  and  traus- 
liortalioo  companies,  and  is  one  which 
will  alone  often  secure  to  its  possessor  a 
deviratdti  position. 

"Wo  shall  spare  no  pains  or  expense  to 
render  this  course  of  inslriiotion,  to  the 
liighoet  degree,  iustructivo  to  all  who  have 
au  iuieresi  in  this  line  of  art. 

And  as  we  progress  with  the  course,  we 
ebnll  appreciate  any  suggestions  relating 
tbercio,  and  shall  lake  pleasure  iu  answer- 
ing, to  the  boat  of  our  ability,  any  questions 
of  geuenU  iulcrost  that  readers  may  see  fit 

Considering  the  practical  and  geuvral 
uliliiy  of  this  course  of  instnictiou,  to 
gether  with  the  very  practical  writing  les- 
sons wbicii  Prof.  U.  C.  Spencer  is  now  giv- 
ing through  the  ooluuios  of  the  Journal,  we 
believe, nearly  every  yuung  lady  and  gentle- 
man iu  the  laud  would  become  a  subscriber, 
were  they  properly  informed  reepecting  its 
nature  aud  vbIuo. 

We  therefore  earnestly  invito  its  patrons 
wd  ftidUiU  to  ilo  tlie  (lulliflien,  u  well  u 


their  own  friends,  a  favor,  by  calling  tbeir 
attention  to  the  Journal  and  soliciting 
subscriptions.  Where  specimen-copies  ate 
desired  to  be  distributed  for  thai  purpose, 
we  shall  take  pleasuie  in  forwarding  them 
free ;  and  to  those  who  desire  to  make  a 
business  of  securing  subscriptions  we  will 
forward  a  circular,  giving  our  special  cash 
commission  to  ageutA. 

Many  agents  are  making  a  profitable 
business  of  securing  subscribers  and  selling 
our  putilications  upon  penmanship.     Many 

Pen-Paralysis,  or  Writer's  Cramp. 

During  the  late  Convention  of  Business- 
Educators  and  Penmen  at  Ciuciuuali,  the 
subject  of  "Pen-paralysis;  Its  Cause  and 
Remedy,"  was  somewhat  extensively  dis-, 
puased.  Somn  regarded  it  as  an  electrical 
effect,  resulting  from  the  use  of  a  steel  or 
metal  holder;  others,  as  the  result  of  ner- 
vous exhaustion,  from  too  long  and  severe 
exercise  of  the  fingers,  while  writing,  upon 
the  fingor-movcinent;  hut  the  more  gener- 
ally-accepted theory  was  that  paralysis  was 
occasioned  by  the  use  of  a  small  penholder 
tightly  gripped,  and  a  long  and  exhaustive 
exercise  of  the  muscles  of  the  fingers,  in  the 
effort  to  execute  rapid  writing  wilh  a 
cramped  finger-movemont,  and  that  the 
preventive,  as  well  as  remedy,  was  in  the 
use  of  a  large  or  medium-sized  holder,  held 
lightly,  and  writing  with  the  fore-arm  or 
combined  movement. 

This,  we  believe,  to  be  a  correct  view  of 
the  matter.  We  have  had  a  somewhat  ex- 
tensive observation  respectiug  writers  af- 
flicted with  paralysis  or  ciamp,  and  gener- 
ally found,  upon  inquiry,  that  they  were  in 
the  habit  of  holding  their  pens  tightly,  and 
writing  exclusively  with  the  fingcr-move- 
ineot. 

We  have  never  known  anyone  to  be  thns 
afflicted  who  held  their  pen  lightly  and 
made  use  of  either  a  fore-arm  movement, 
or  even  a  wrist- movement. 

One  of  the  remedies  proposed  was,  that 
writers  subject  to  this  dilficulty  become  am- 
bidextrous, by  learning  to  write  with  both 
hands,  and  when  one  became  tired,  give  it 
a  rest  by  using  the  other. 

Several  instances  were  related  by  Prof. 
H.  C.  Spencer  (who  proposed  this  plan),  of 
penmen  who  had  come  under  his  observa- 
tion and  tuition,  who,  in  a  short  time,  had 
learned  to  write  with  the  left-hand  with  a 
facility  nearly  equal  to  that  of  the  right- 
hand.  This,  however,  would  seem  tu  be 
more  valuable  as  a  remedy  than  as  a  i)re- 
vontive.  We  believe  that,  with  a  large 
or  medium-sized  holder,  lightly  held,  and  a 
free  muscular  movement,  either  paralysis  or 
cramp  is  impossible  to  a  hand  free  from 
disease  or  malformation. 

Spencer's  Lesson,  No.  II. 

We  have  no  dimbt  that  the  readers  of  the 
Journal  will  agree  that  we  made  no  rash 
statement  when  we  promised,  in  the  June 
issue,  the  finest  illustrated  Leasou  for  July 
that  had  ever  appeared  in  any  penman's 
paper,  or,  for  that  matter,  ever  before  pub- 
lished anywhere.  It  is  only  a  fair  speciiiieu 
of  what  may  be  expected  throughout  the 
Course.  No  one  who  desires  the  best  in- 
struction, either  as  a  guide  to  the  successful 
teaching  or  practice  of  writing,  should  miss 
one  of  these  lessons. 

The  August  issue  will  be  interesting  and 
attractive,  not  alone  from  Prof.  Spencer's 
Lesson,  but  from  other  highly  artistic  spe- 
cimens, which  are  now  being  engraved  for 
illustration. 

Business-College  Papers  and  the 
"Journal." 

To  the  many  publishers  of  college  papers 
who  have  so  kindly  noticed  and  commended 
to  their  patrons  the  Pknman's  Art 
Journal,  we  return  our  thanks,  and  trust 
that  the  warm  interest  the  Journal 
has  ever  taken  in  business  education  may, 
iu  some  measure,  re]»«y  their  highljr  apprf' 


The  King  Club 

Comes  again  fr«m  C.  W.  Boucher,  Principal 
of  the  Business  Institute  connected  with  the 
Northern  Indiana  Niirmal  School,  Val- 
paraiso, lud.,  and  numbers  seventy -Jitfe. 
This  gives  an  aggregate  of  eleven  hundred 
subscribers  sent  by  Mr.  Boucher  within  a 
period  of  about  two  years.  This  has  been 
done  incidentally,  in  connection  M-ith  his 
other  regular  employment.  Had  Mr.  Boucher 
made  a  business  of  securing  subscribers, 
there  is  no  doubt  but  he  would  have  secured 
many  times  more  than  he  has  done,  suf- 
ficient to  give  him  a  liandsome  remunera- 
tion for  his  tiuie.  What  he  has  done  is 
sufficient  to  show  what  may  be  done  for  the 
Journal  by  live,  capable  agents.  Hun- 
dreds of  subscribers  may  be  secured  in  every 
well  populated  town  in  the  country,  and 
what  wo  want  is  agents  who  can  do  it,  and 
to  such  most  liberal  inducements  will  be 

The  second  cbib  in  size  comes  from  S.  C. 
Williams,  special  teacher  of  writing  and 
book-keeping  in  the  public  schools  of  Lock- 
port,  N.  Y.,  and  numbers  twenty-Jive. 

The  third  in  size  numbers  thirteen,  and 
comes  from  V.  B.  C<irbin,  a  student  at  G. 
W.  Michael's  Pen-Art  School,  Delaware, 
Ohio.  Considering  the  season  of  the  year, 
clubs  have  been  unusually  numerous  and 
large  during  the  past  mtmth — to  all  of  the 
senders  of  which  we  return  our  thanks. 

Advertise  in  the  "Journal." 
No  special  solicitaiiou  for  advertisements 
in  the  Journal  is  made.  Those  wlio  have 
availed  themselves  of  its  coluums  for  adver- 
tipiug  have  continued  to  do  so,  whic^h  is  the 
best  evidence  that  we  can  have  that  they  are 
paid.  Wells  W.  Swift  remits,  in  advance, 
to  renew  his  "  ad."  one  year,  and  says  :  ''  I 
Imve  now  advertised  in  the  Journal  five 
years,  and  for  my  purpose  there  is  no  better 
advertising  medium  in  the  world.  W  11. 
Sadler  renews  his  "ad.,"' for  two  columns 
for  a  year,  and  says  "  that  the  Jouiinal  is 
his  best  medium." 

Correction. 

Ill  our  "suggestions,"  relative  to  the 
"  Hill  Prizes  for  Penmanship,"  in  the  June 
issue,  wp  stated  that  the  size  of  a  page  of 
"  Hill's  Manual "  was  i>xti  inches ;  it  should 
have  been  8x6  inches;  the  size  of  the  work 
for  competitioti,  should  therefore  be  l(ixI2, 
or,  if  composed  of  open  work,  may  be  24x18. 


The  "Journal"  for  August 
Will  be  one  of  unusual  interest  aud  artistic 
display.  We  are  now  having  engraved  a 
large  number  of  cut^,  from  superior  speci- 
uiens  of  practical  aud  artistic  penmanship  ; 
several  from  pen-artists  of  repute,  and  others 
which  have  been  prepared  with  great  care 
at  the  office  of  the  Journal. 


Frauds ! 
sympathize  with  Mr. 


Ellis 


ith  E.  B.  Crandall.  I  have  an 
est  hi. II  for  a  large  amount  of 
pen-work.  He  assuuied  the  "die"  in  his 
name  after  corresponding  with  me;  accord- 
ing to  the  first  four  letters  I  received  from 
him,  his  name  should  end  with  "dall." 
About  the  firEt  of  June,  Crandall  was  in 
Tene  Haute,  Ind. 

Auother  genuine  fraud,  who  signs  his 
name  A.  Tigoiere,  Jr.,  Artist  Penman, 
should  bo  watched  by  the  public.  He 
claims  to  "drive  (piill"  in  Kansas.  Tignier 
also  uses  the  name  of  D.  T.  Ames  quite 
freely  in  soliciting  favors  in  securing  peu- 

Hopiiig  the  above  will  be  of  value  to 
other  penmen,  I  am. 

Very  respectfully, 

C.  N.  Crandlb, 

Valparaiso,  lud. 
Wo  have  been  informed  by  several  par- 
ties, that  they  had  paid  A-  Tigniere,  Jr.  for 
\h9  JoufttiAlij  liut  tm4  pever  reoeiretj  it. 


Mr.  T.  faas  never  made  a  remittance  to  this 
office,  and  we  have  never  heard  of  either  of 
the  parties  named  by  Mr.  Crandle  except 
through    persons    whom    they    have    vie 

Books  and  Exchanges. 
Messrs.  Clark  &.  Maynard,  of  7;U  Broad- 
way, have  lately  published,  for  use  in  com 
mercial  colleges,  high  schools,  and  acade- 
mies, a  Text-book  on  Commercial  Law,  by 
Slater  S.  Clark,  Counsellor- al-Iaw.  It  con- 
sists of  ;100  compact  pmres.  It  is  well 
written,  and  adapted  to  ihe  purpose  for 
which  it  is  designed.     Price,  for  introduc- 

"  Carhart*s  Commeiuial  Law,"  is  meet- 
ing M'ith  a  large  sate,  and  is  very  popular 
with  buciness- colleges.  For  terms,  etc., 
see  c^  in  advertisitig  columns. 

"  Sadler's  Counting-house  Arithmetic''  ia 
not  only  a  practical  aud  popular  text-book 
in  business- colleges,  but  is  equally  valuable 
as  a  hand-book  of  reference  iu  the  counting- 
room  and  business-offi'-o.  Few  books  have 
received  more  numerous  or  ftattering  com- 
mendations from  their  patrons  than  has  this 
work,  as  will  be  seen  by  advertisement  in 
another  column. 

The  Penman^s  Gasette,  for  August,  is  one 
of  the  most  interesting  numbers  yet  pub- 
lished. "  Breaking  a  Path,"  by  Paul  Past- 
nor,  is  a  well-written  and  decidedly  inter- 
esting story.  "Schoolmaster  Abroad," 
by  S.  S.  Packard,  like  everything  from  his 
pen,  is  of  a  high  order  of  merit. 

The  Shorthand  Wnter,  by  D.  P.  Linds- 
ley,  252  Broadway,  is  a  four-page  quarto 
weekly,  devoted  to  short-hand  writing,  for 
$d.00  per  year. 


Answered. 


T.  W.  T.,  Greenfield,  N.  H.— Is  there 
any  gymnastic-drill-exercise  to  secure  move- 
ment i  How  should  a  new  pen  be  cleaned  ? 
Ans. — With  most  systems  of  penmanship 
are  given  a  seriesof  drill-exercises  for  intive- 
meut  in  writing.  Part  IV.  of  the  new  Spen- 
oerian  Compendium  gives  a  great  variety  of 
such  exercises,  and  they  are  also  given  in 
the  "  Standard  Practical  Course"  of  copies. 
A  new  pen  is  usually  slightly  oily,  which 
prevents  its  retaining  or  shedding  ink  when 
first  used  ;  if  it  is  dipped  into  spirits  of 
ammonia  it  will  at  once  take  ink ;  careful 
wiping,  also,  will  usually  answer  the  purpose. 

W.  W.  G.,  Marion,  111.— Question  by 
Peirce,  Keokuk,  Iowa:  "  What  determines 
the  slant  of  each  ca))ital,  supposing  the 
standard  forms  be  taken?"  Ans. — I  think 
the  slant  ol  the  capitals  is  determined  by 
the  slant  of  the  principles  used  in  their 
formation.  Mr.  G.  asks:  What  movement 
should  be  employed  iu  making  the  capital 
letters T  Ans. — For  superscriptions,  head- 
ings, etc.,  where  considerable  license  ns  to 
size  may  be  taken,  the  whole  or  fore  arm 
movement  may  be  used ;  but  for  ordinary 
capitals,  or  body  of  writing  the  combination- 
should  be  used. 


L.  L.  I.,  Red  Bluff",  S.  C— In  executing 
large  capitals,  etc.,  should  the  fingers  be 
allowed  to  rest  on  paper!  How  high  should 
r  and  s  extend  above  other  small  letters 
which  are  not  so  bight  Ans. — First.  Yes, 
the  hand  should  rest  upon  the  nails  of  the 
third  aud  fourth  fingers.  Second.  The  small 
r  and  s  should  extend  one-fourth  of  a  space 
above  the  other  short  letters. 


Without  the  art  of  Writing  the  discovery 
of  each  generation  would  have  perished 
with  it,  aud  human  progress,  from  genera- 
tion to  generation^  would  liave  scarcely  beeq 
peroeptibki 


llll      ri   NMA 


^^'C,^Eq(*i'^^^F?s 


In-inRE.  Dftl»,  leBchernf  writing  in  French's 
BtittinMS'CoIli'gc,  ItuBtoii,  Mrm.,  writes  a  guort 
pMiiitioal  tiund. 

K.  M.  MrLeau,  of  Honolulu.  S.  t..  ni^nilx  tli.' 
iiain«8  of  two  subBcriliitra  to  tlie  JocitN'AL,  Hud 
[iromiiM  a  dull  of  twelve  shortly. 

Hon.  Thn«.  E.  Hi)I,  nnlhor  of  "Hill's  Man- 
iihI"  (iinl  ■■Allium  ol  BiuftPBpIi.T  and  Art,"  i* 
iN^ikitig  uii  extended  tour  of  iho  New  Wcet. 


Jiu^hucll,  III.     Mr 
niiduiibledty  do  liti 


J.  F.  Slubliltfield,  Mun-fty,  Ky.psend*  i 
(•legaiilijr-writleu  cards. 

crt-dltnWe    upeclmeii    of   niBijc  le 
I  from  J.  D.  Uriant,  Racvlaod,  La. 


A  flix 


Bpt-i 


I   of   I 


A 


several  good  specimpns  of  card 
II  letter  written  in  a  anperidr  hand,  were  re- 
leived  from  D.  \V.  Slalil,  Nc>illi  Industry,  O. 

C.  H.  Simpson,  Honolulu,  Sandwich  Tfilftudfl, 
writes  a  handsome  letter,  in  which  he  incloaet- 
several  vtry  ciedilalile  epeciinfim  of  writing. 

0.  A.  Collard,  Chicngo.  III.,  is  «  very  grace- 
ful writer,  nf  i«  evinced  by  affwle^^i^ly-Wrhltn 
li'ii(?r  and  Reveral  Kpvoimeiia  of  practioal  writ- 
ig  enclosed. 

H.  W.  Kihbe,  of  I'lica.  N.  Y..  favors  us  witli 
le  of  the  very  bent  Bpt^ciniens  of  practical 
rititiK  received  during  the  month;  also  ii 
uperbly-execuledapeciireuofotf-liaiidHoiiriah- 


•>\ 


iig     gran 


AlvinT.  Seniifff.  Fair  Haven,  111.,  sends  a 
F-pi-cimen  of  his  present  wrifing,  and  one  wi'il- 
\v\\  some  six  nionths  before  subscribing  to  the 
.louHNAl.,    which    shows     fommendabI«    iin- 

R.  .C.  Williams,  special  teacher  of  writing 
mid  book-keeping  in  the  public  schools  of  Lock- 
l>i>rt,  N.  Y.,  sends  several  specimena  of  excel- 
l.-tii  card-writing;  also,  a  superior  specimen  of 
^piatolary  writing. 

A  very  superior  specimen  of  practical  pen- 
maii=hip,  with  lettering,  liao  been  received  from 
.T.  C.  Miller,  penman  at  Allen's  Business-Col- 
lege. Etmira,  N.  Y.  A  copy  i,f  it  will  probably 
appear  in  the  JouitN'Al.  for  August. 

M.  W  Morgan,  Ky..  writes  a  letter  which  it. 
a  most  ronmiendable  apBcimeii  of  practical  wni 
ing.  He  says,  of  the  "  Sllill<hird  Practical 
IVunianship"  :  "  I  think  it  \*  worth  double  its 
price  to  any  one  iulervsted  in  penmanship. 

Several  very  skillfidly-execuled  Kpecimene  of 
lluurishing  and  practical  writing,  executed  by 
J.  A.  Wesco,  of  the  Poitluud  (Oiegon)  Busi- 
nex»-CoIlege,  have  been  received,  and  will  be 
photo-engraved,  so  as  lo  apjiear  in  the  August 
iftsiie  of  JoUItXAI.. 

E.  L.  Burnett,  of  Elmirn,  N.  Y.,  forwards 
iiu  imperial  photo  of  a  large  specimen  of  a 
Hourinlied  eagle  and  lettering,  which  exhibite 
more  than  iin  ordinary  degree  of  command  of 
tlie  pen.  The  tlourishee,  however,  iu  the  eagle 
are  not  arranged  to  give  the  proper  effect  of 
light  and  shade. 

Several  skillfully  designed  and  executed 
!i|iecimenB  of  flourisliing,  and  good  practical 
^M'iling  come  from  K.  K.  Isaacs,  teacher  of 
"riling at  tbe  Northern  IndinnaNormal  School 
un.l  Uimineas  ImXitute.  Valparaiso,  Ind.  The 
^)i'cimen«  are  executed  with  a  very  black  and 
.!•  ^sy  ink.  Mr.  I.  asks  if  il  will  do  for  pliuto- 
eiiyniving.  This  i|ue8lion  is  eo  fi-equenily 
ll^ked,  that  we  answer  il  through  the  JoUHXAI,. 
No  glossy  ink,  howover    block,   will  do  for 

i)bow-i*n((ravinj,  or  tffy  reason* :    fini,  on 


account  of  the  reflection  of  light  from  the 
glossy  surface;  stmnd,  with  thick,  glossy  ink 
it  is  only  th?  shaded  or  those  lines  that  are 
made  with  open  nibs  of  the  pen  that  are  really 
black,  all  up.  and  lines  made  with  closed  nibs 
are  light  or  gray. 

A  Short  General  Outline  of  the 
Programme  Plan. 

Jiv   C.   II.   I'KIRCK. 

Frotn  0  anil  (1  t<i  JU  and  12  years  of  ago, 
childrou  should  be  taught  Form— KIR8T,  nf 
Jigures,  small  and  capital  letiers,  iho  exe- 
cuiioD  of  which  to  be  with  the  fingers. 

From  10  uud  12,  and  even  later  with 
inaoy,  mm^ement  is  uF  prime  importuiiutf, 
and  should  conatitute  such  part  of  the  work 
of  each  leasuu,  as  to  render  it  in  an  early 
stage  plcasaut  and  attractivf. 

A  fair  amount  of  work  iu  Programme 
"  U"  should  be  done,  as  to  Tracing  Exer- 
cises and  Extended  Movements,  before  the 
work  of  Programme  "C"  is  brguo. 

I.;et  it  be  strictly  understood  that,  at  this 
age,  Form  and  Movement  go  hand- in-hand. 

At  the  proper  time,  let  the  work  of  Pro- 
gramme "  C  "  he  properly  devolopod  as  j  er 
full  iustruclions  iu  the  Journal,  taking 
great  care  to  present  all  new  work  first  in 
Programme  "  B." 

After  a  good  motion  has  been  acipiireJ  in 

Programme  "  C,"  or  at  least  a  fair  niuoiint 

if  freedom,  the  work  of  Programme  "  1)" 

he  gradually  introduced,  aud  will  soon 

li>plaee,    with    perfect    satisfaction,    Pro- 


*A." 


prop- 


This  leads  us  to  conoliide  that  Programme 
>i8  to  an  end,  and,  as  a  sepa- 
rate movement,  ceases  to  exist  with  the  prac- 
tical writer  of  the  day, 

A  great  deal  of  care  must  he  excreised, 
and  special  pains  taken,  to  look  after  indi- 
vidual wants,  especially  if,  here,  practice 
is  given  hut  one-half  hour  each  dtiy,  as 
ill  our  public  suliuots. 

KECAI'rrt'LATlON. 

PrograniiuG  "  A  "  to  bo  gone  o 
c-rly  before  attempting  any  other 
pupils  from  5  to  12  years  of  age  ( 
to  the  rule,  of  course).     Programmes 
and   "C"  iuiroduoed  as  per  direelit 
connection    with     Programme    "A,' 
gradually  displace   "A"  with  Progr 
"  D." 

Proportion. — As  "  D  "  is  to  "A," 
the  newspaper  to  the  iirimer. 


Pen-Art  Study. 

W.  P.  COOI'KR. 

The  American  mind,  in  regard  to  art- 
study  and  art-appreciatiou  is  in  a  transiiiou 
state.  It  is  not  much  beyond  embryo.  We 
arc  a  great  way  from  the  real  art-passion 
yet.  Wo  might,  under  (lualiticatiou,  per- 
haps, except  the  East  or  a  class  iu  the  East. 
Kually,  what  do  the  people  know  about 
statuary,  in  the  rural  districts  especially. 
They  know  something  more,  very  likely, 
of  paiuting,  and,  it  may  be,  more  about 
music.  This,  of  course,  is  no  fault  of  theirs. 
Our  towns  are  full  of  tnuslclans,  well  versed 
in  simple  melody.  But  are  these  jieoplc 
familiar  with  dramatic  music;  the  elocution, 
aud  the  expression,  of  music  f  This,  then, 
is  yet  to  learn ;  still,  the  people  know  much 
more  about  music  than  about  painting,  stat- 
uary, or  about  pen-art.  We  mention  these 
deficiencies  because  the  first  matter  is  akin 
to  the  last.  Why  this  iuappreciativeness? 
beotuse  the  people  have  been  otherwise 
employed.  lo  Europe  there  is  an  art-pas- 
sion, because  Europe  lives  iu  an  atmosphere 
of  art.  Thtijieople  live  in,  andare  surrounded 
by,  art  always.  The  Roman  inherits  a  pas- 
sion for  statuary  aud  painting.  The  Ger- 
man is  a  musician  by  birth — he,  therefore,  is 
a  true  musician  iu  hia  youth;  he  then  will 
learn  easily  and  remember  long,  and  he  will 
love  to  learn.  He  not  only  learns  melody,  but, 
also,  expression,  dratnaiic  rendition  —  and 
the  last,  first.  I  say,  then,  we  do  not  Inherit 
the  art-passion.  We  then  have  all  of  the 
dillicutlies  of  laborious  acquisition,  as  a  peo- 
ple,    We  bftve  navurally  no  art-oye,  oo 


know  something  of 
had  the  works  of 
*s,  and  others.    We 


apprecialiveness.     Wt 
art  by  the  hardest. 

In  1850,  we  began 
pCQinauship.  We  soi 
Spencer,  Williams,  Ai 
are  jet  unfamiliar  with  the  mysteries  of 
composition.  Wo  have  yet  to  learn  what 
style  is.  Beyond  Spencer,  Williams  aud 
Ames  there  is  little  of  the  original  in  style 
here  yet.  Our  artists  are  mostly  off-hand 
workers,  or  imitattrs. 

In  the  art-business,  we  may  study  art  to 
merely  understaud  it,  or  study  it  to  produce 
it.  In  either  case,  wo  must  first  see  art. 
Great  artists  are  invariably  long  aud  careful 
lookers.  Thoy  look  al!  art  over,  time  and 
again,  methodically,  and  with  absolute  at- 
tention. Then  comes  eye  and  hand  prac- 
tice. But  don't  forget  the  models— and  the 
very  best  y«  u  can  get.  We  must  be  taught 
by  somebody,  how  to  judge  of  composition, 
and  how  to  fashion,  or,  rather,  the  scientific 
structure  of  detail.  We  are  to  digest  shade 
and  lino,  and  so  thoroughly  impress  forms 
that  the  mind  will  readily  call  them  up  itself 
— that  if",  we  are  to  engraft  art  so  mentally 
that  it  is  a  part  of  ourselves.  This  labor  is 
facilitated  by  having  pen-art  around  us — 
not  to  pass,  but  to  siudy  up. 

Then  comes  practice.  Yes,  says  one,  it 
is  all  in  practice.  Not  at  all.  It  is,  how- 
ever, a  part  in  right  practice,  carefully  con- 
ducted and  often  repeated,  but  always  with 
method  aud  judgineut.  The  American  peo- 
ple don't  like  this  drudgery  of  endless  pupil- 
age. Cotnmcrcial  schools  hate  it,  aud  so 
progress  is  blocked  up.  (It  is  very  unft»r- 
tunate  tor  pupils  that  not  one  teacher  in  a 
hundred  will  compel  the  drill.)  Men  will 
drill  for  proficiency  in  anytliiug  else;  still, 
great  pmgress  turns  upon  this.  I  never  yet 
had  a  cla^s  of  teachers  that  would  bear  the 
drill,  or  believed  iu  it.  You  may  deny  the 
utility  of  tlio  drill— that  makes  no  difi'ereuce 
aboui'it«  ueeeesity. 

The  drill  must,  however,  be  rightly  con- 
ducted ;  the  comparative  value  of  all  received 
methods  is  dobalahle.  With  right  drill, 
power  accumulates  every  hour.  The  eye's 
piTceptiiius  quicken  and  mature,  and  there 
accrues  more  certainly  aud  freedom  of  hand. 
For,  let  it  not  be  forgotten,  that  all  certainty, 
all  po\vur,  all  freedom,  is  acquired  always. 
Among  other  obsiruetious,  new  theories  and 
methods  will  he  continually  intruded  to  do- 
feat  your  progress.  Sound  ideas,  at  first 
tenaciously  adhered  to,  are  the  best.  We 
just  now  hoar  this  doctrine:  penmanship 
must  be  reumdolodto  business  needs.  Beauty 
must  be  sacrificed  to  legibility  and  speed. 
Neither  of  these  things  is  secured  by  a 
change  of  system.  Practical  penmanship, 
to-day,  is  perfect — hold  it  as  it  is.  What 
you  most  need  is  greater  perfection  of  drill. 

Right  drill  will  double  speed.  Writing 
to-day  is  legible  enough,  beautiful  enough, 
and  plain  enough.  All  of  the  way  in  this 
labor  of  learning  and  getting  skill,  you  will 
find  diHiculties,  perplexities  and  defeats; 
but  in  the  end  yon  will  be  where  you  be- 
gun if  you  are  victimized  by  any  difficulties 
whatever.  Your  practice,  to  hold  skill, 
inuft  always  be  careful  and  correct. 

You  will  find  in  Mr.  Spencer's  present 
Lessons  abundance  of  direct,  sound  precept 
and  illustration.  If  you  will  convert  these 
lessons,  and  push  right  practice  and  drill, 
your  success  is  sure;  still,  you  will  find, 
not  put  down  in  the  hooks,  other  dilllculties 
that  will  confound  you.  I  have  thought, 
however,  that  an  old  teacher  might,  by  an- 
ticipating these,  aud  showing  how  to  meet 
them,  do  you  good  service  as  an  outside 
pilot,  if  we  may  thus  speak.  When  we 
come  to  the  matter  of  shoals  and  hidden 
rocks,  aud  under-cnrreuts,  the  knowledge 
of  such  a  man  may  be  worth  everything — 
to  some  at  least,  if  not  to  all. 

We  may,  then,  in  un  article  or  two  (of 
which  this  is  a  sort  of  leader,  consider  many 
of  these  difficulties,  suggesting  remedies. 


Writing  is  the  telephone  through  wliioh 
tbe  ages  put  speftk  to  the  present. 


The  House  of  Rothschild. 

More  than  a  hundred  years  since,  a  poor 
Jew,  called  Mayer  Anselm,  made  bis  appear- 
ance at  the  city  of  Hanover,  bare-footed, 
with  a  pack  on  his  sboi^lders  and  a  bundle 
of  rags  on  his  back.  Successful  in  trade, 
he  rctarned  to  Frankfort  at  the  end  of  a  few 
"years,  and  set  up  a  small  shop  in  the  Jew 
laud,  over  which  he  hung  the  sign-board  of 
a  red  shield,  called  in  German  Aroth-sphild. 

As  a  dealer  iu  old  and  race  coins,  he  made 
the  acquaintance  of  the  Serene  Elector  of 
Hesse  Casael,  who,  happening  to  be  iu  want 
of  a  confideutial  agent  for  various  open  and 
secret  purposes,  appointed  the  shrewd-look- 
iug  Mayor  Anselm  to  the  post. 

The  Serene  Elector  being  compelled  soon 
after  to  Hy  his  country,  Mayer  Anselm  took 
charge  of  his  cjish,  amounting  to  several 
millions  of  florins.  With  the  iusliuot  of  his 
race,  Anselm  did  not  forgot  to  put  the 
money  out  on  good  interest,  so  that  before 
Napoleon  had  gime  to  Elba,  and  the  illus- 
trious Elector  had  returned  to  Cassel,  the 
capital  had  more  than  doubled. 

The  ruler  of  Hesae  Cassel  thought  it  al- 
most a  marvel  to  get  his  money  safely  re- 
turned, aud  at  the  Congress  of  Vienna  was 
never  tired  of  singing  the  praise  of  liis 
agent  to  all  the  princes  of  Europe. 

The  dwellers  under  the  sign  of  the  Red 
Shield  laughed  iu  their  sleeves,  keeping 
carefully  to  themselves  the  great  fact  that 
ihe  electoral  two  millions  of  fiorins  had 
brought  them  four  millions  of  their  own. 
Never  was  honesty  a  better  policy. 

Mayer  Anselm  died  in  1812,  without  hav- 
ing the  supreme  satisfaction  of  having  his 
honesty  extolled  by  kings  aud  princes.  He 
left  five  sons,  who  succeeded  him  in  the 
banking  and  mouey-lendiug  business,  and 
M'ho,  conscious  ot  tlicir  social  value,  drop- 
ped the  name  of  Anselm,  and  adopted  the 
higher -sounding  one  of  Rothschild,  taken 
from  the  sign-hoard  over  the  parental  house. 

On  his  death-bed,  their  father  had  taken 
a  solemn  oath  from  all  of  them  to  hold  his 
four  millions  well  together,  and  they  have 
faithfully  kept  the  injunction. 

But  the  old  city  of  Frankfort  was  clearly 
too  narrow  a  realm  for  the  fruitful  sowing 
of  four  millions;  and,  in  oonsequence,  the 
five  sous  were  determined,  after  awhile,  to 
extend  their  spheie  of  operations  by  estab- 
lishing branch  banks  at  the  chief  cities  of 
Europe. 

The  eldest  son,  Anselm,  bom  in  1773,  re- 
mained at  Frankf<trt;  the  second,  Solomon, 
boiu  in  1774,  settled  at  Vienna;  the  third, 
Nathan,  born  in  1774,  went  to  London  ;  the 
fourth,  Charles,  established  himself  in  the 
soft  climate  of  Naples ;  and  the  fifth  and 
youngest,  James,  born  in  1792,  took  up  his 
residence  in  Paris. 

Strictly  united,  the  wealth  and  power  of 
the  five  Rothschilds  were  vested  in  the  eld- 
est born ;  nevertheless,  the  shrewdest  of 
the  sous  of  Mayer  Anselm.  and  the  heir  of 
his  genius,  Nathan,  the  third  eon,  took  the 
reins  of  the  government  into  hie  own  hands. 

By  his  faith  in  Wellington  and  the  flesh 
and  muscle  of  British  soldiers,  he  nearly 
doubted  the  fortune  of  the  family,  gaiuing 
more  than  a  million  sterling  by  the  sole 
battle  of  AVaterloo,  the  news  of  which  he 
carried  to  England  two  days  earlier  than  the 

The  weight  of  the  solid  millions  gradually 
transferred  the  ascendancy  in  the  family 
from  Gerjnauy  to  England,  making  Lon- 
don the  metropolis  of  the  reigning  dynasty 
of  Rothschild.  —  Philadelphia  Saturday 
Night. 


In  speaking  of  the  children  of  i 
and  deacons,  of  whom  the  Greeks  said, 
"The  son  ef  a  minister  is  the  devil's  grand- 
sou,"  Mr.  Beecher  said  that  careful  statistics 
disproved  this.  There  was  Emerson,  the 
son  of  eight  generations  of  ministers.  It 
took  eight-minister  power  to  make  a  man 
like  him.  His  teachings  were  a  practical 
gospel,  and  while  he  preached  in  a  pulpi 
only  <ine  year,  he  preached  all  his  life  the 
iurt  uf  truths  that  beluDg  lo  the  wolflire  tif 


AH  1     -lOlKNAI. 


Growing  Old. 


D  ■p|M«i«<l  more  Intly  «i«i 
hM  Ih*  lirtMnth  rannd  !*> 
«fat  non*  oW  till  lw»ol>-o 


Tli«i.  oddly.  1 
I  fa*ia  that  th 
Bal  mhm  my 


tmma  me  ibrlfty, 
at  fifty. 


Huy  "GnuullHi!"  TfbMi  lli«y  upmik  l<i  id»i 
But,  b)M  j-.,iir  •oal.  I'm  yming  u.  when 
I  thouRliI  kII  p(i>i>IO  uld  01  lull ! 


Fireproof  Paper  and  Ink. 
AccorJiuK  tu  u  Gtruiiiu  iHijit-r,  a  very 
prniniiiiDg  mrcess  Iims  been  Hitaiiied  re- 
L-ODtly  in  tliu  iiiaiHifiivlure  of  tin-proof  \<n\iPT 
Hud  ink.  Ill  making  the  pajior,  uiucty-fivo 
pHfla  ol  a«Ii(i!8to3  Was  used,  with  five  paMa 
uf  wood  til.re;  tlifeo,  by  ttid  uf  gliie-wator 
B.nd  borax  were  iiihiIu  iutu  a  |»j|{>,  wbinli 
yioldfd  n  fine,  smooth  pnpor  \\hicli  cvuKl  bo 
used  for  writiog  purpn^e^.  It  had  the  uuu- 
buhI  quality  of  ^utitHiuiug  the  iiiHiituce  of  a 
white  heat  « ilhout  injury.  Fireproof  priat- 
ing  and  writing  iutii^  were  niiide  by  com- 
bining platiuuin  ehloride,  oil  <if  lavender, 
and  lauipblack  and  varnish.  Thpse  ingrd- 
ilioDtd  prodiif^cd  a  jiriuting-ink,  and  whf-n  a 
irriting- fluid  was  wanted,  Chinese  or  India 
ink  and  gum  arable  were  added  to  the  mix- 
Lure.  Tcu  parts  of  the  dry  plalinniu  chlo- 
ride, 25  parts  of  the  oil  of  lavender,  and  aO 
nf  varnish  are  reported  by  a  local  writer  to 
j'itdd  H  good  printiug-iuk  of  this  valuable 
kind,  when  mixed  with  a  small  ijuantity  of 
lampblack  and  varnish.  When  a  paper 
pTiotcd  with  the  compound  is  ignited,  the 
platinum  salt  is  reduced  tu  u  metallic 
4tato  and  becomes  n  coating  of  a  brownish 
blaclt  color.  A  free  flowing  ink,  for  writing 
:m  the  tin-proof  paper  with  an  ordinary  me- 
lallio  pen,  may  be  obtained,  says  the  same 
authority,  by  using  5  parts  of  the  dry  chlo- 
ride of  plaliuum  with  15  parts  of  the  oil  of 
la%'euder,  15  parts  of  Chinese  ink,  and  ] 
part  of  gum  arable,  adding  thereto  (i4  parts 
of  water.  When  the  jiaper  is  ignited,  after 
lieing  written  upon  by  this  ink,  tlie  plMtiuum 
ingredient  causes  the  writing  to  appear 
transparent,  and,  as  a  couseqiieuce,  it  is 
nlaiincd  that  such  writing  as  has  becomo 
bhuik  or  illegible  will  become  readily  legible 
again  during  the  process  of  beating  the 
paper.     Colon  for  painting  may  also  be 


'  made  firepnmf  by  mis 
:  tallic  cub>r8  with  the  ehloride  of  platinum 
I  and  painter's  varnish,  adding  an  ordinary 
I  a(|<iarelle  pigment  to  streoglheQ  the  "  cov- 
oriag  power"  of  the  color.  These  6reproof 
,  paiuis  or  colors  can  bo  easily  used 


i  the 


r-coloi 


and  it  1 


med  tbey  will  resist  the  destruc- 
3  of  great  heat  quite  as  success- 
fully as  the  fireproof  printing  and  writing 
inks  just  referred  to. 

The  Ink-bag  of  the 'Cuttlefish. 

Connected  on  the  one  hand  with  the  di- 
gestive system,  and  on  the  other  with  the 
iK.re  purely  glandular  structure  of  the  body, 
i  the  organ  known  familiarly  as  the  "  ink- 
I.     The  cuttlefishes 


j  bag"    c»f  thesi 


I  the 


tluH  sac  as  a  means  of  defense,  sand  for  en- 
abling them  to  escape  fn>m  their  enemies. 
Di[ichart.'ing  tlie  iuky  fiuid  through  the 
"funnel,'' into  whii-b  the  duct  of  the  iuk- 
sac  <ipou»,  it  rapidly  diS'uses  itself  through 
the  water,  and  enables  the  animal  to  escape 
underaliteral  clo<k  of  darkness.  The  force 
of  the  ^imile  under  which  an  over-pro- 
ductive writer  is  likened  to  a  cuttlefish  may 
be  understood  and  appreciated  when  the 
physi'dot<y  of  the  iuk-sac  is  invest  d.  If  is 
this  feature  of  cuttlefish  orgauizalion  which 
Oppian  describes  when  he  informs  us  that — 


The  exact  nature  and  relationship  of  tins 
ink-sac  to  the  other  organs  of  the  cuttlefish 
have  long  been  disputed.  According  to  one 
authority,  the  ink-bag  rejiresented  the  gall- 
bladder, because,  in  the  octopus,  it  is  cm- 
bedded  in  the  liver.  From  another  point  of 
view  it  was  declared  to  represent  an  in- 
testinal gland  ;  while  a  third  opinion  main- 
tained its  entirely  special  nature.  The  ink- 
sac  is  now  koowu  to  be  developed  as  au  ofi- 
shoot  from  the  digestive  tube,  and,  taking 
development  as  the  one  infallible  criterion 
and  tost  of  the  nature  of  living  structures, 
wo  may  conclude  that  it  represents  at  once 
a  highly  specialized  part  of  tlie  digestive 
tract,  and  an  organ  which,  nurepresented 
entirely  in  the  oldest  cuttlefishes,  has  been 
developed  in  obedience  to  the  demands  and 
exigencies  of  the  later  growths  of  the  race. 
It  is  this  ink-sac  whicir  is  fretjueotly  found 
fossilized  in  certain  extinct  cuulefish  shells. 
Its  secretion  forms  the  original  sepia  color, 
a  term  derived  from  the  name  of  a  cuttlefish 
genus.  The  fossilized  sepia  has  been  used 
with  good  eifeel  when  ground  down.  The 
late  Dean  Buckland  gave  some  of  this  fossil 
ink  to  Sir  Francis  Cbantrey,  who  made 
with  it  a  drawing  of  the  specimen  from 
which  it  bad  been  taken  ;  and  Cuvier  is  eaid 
to  have  used  this'  fossilized  ink  io  the 
preparation    of   the  plates   wherewith    he 


UBtrated  his  "  MoKusca."  At  the  present 
oe  recent  cuttlefish  ink  is  ^aid  to  be 
ilized  iu  the  manufacture  of  ordinary 
lists  "sepia." — BtJgravia. 

Don't  Use  Big  Words. 

In  promulgatingyour  esoteric  cogitations,  I 

articulating  superficial  sentimentalities 
d  philosophical  or  psych<dogical  obsorva-  - 
>ns,  bewMre  of  platitudinous  ponderosity, 
sess  a  clarified 
ipleted  comprehensibleness, 
coalescent  consi8ten>:y,  and  a  coucateuated 
cogency.  Eschew  alt  conglomerations  of 
flatulent  garrulity,  jeiune  babblement,  and 
asinlue  aflectHtious.  Let  your  extempora- 
neous descautiugs  and  unpremeditated  ex- 
pHtiatious  have  iutelligibilily  and  veracious 
vivacity,  without  rhodomontade  or  thrasoni- 
cal bombast.  Sedulously  avoid  all  p<dy- 
syllaltic  profundity,  poinpns  pndixlty, 
p>ittaceou8.  vacuity,  ventriluquial  verbosity, 
and  VHuiloqui'nt  vapidity.  Shim  double 
eiitendres,  prurient  jocosity,  and  pestiferous 
profanity,  obscurant  or  apparent.  In  other 
words  lalk  plainly,  naturally,  seitsil-Iy,  truth- 
fully and  purely.     And  don't  use  big  words. 

Motives. — Motives  are  the  "  power  be- 
hind the  throne"  which  uoverus  our  words 
and  deeds,  and  were  these  inntives  laid  bare 
to  the  eyes  of  the  world,  as  they  are  to  the 
eyes  of  God,  what  a  difl'ereut  judgment  wo 
should  pass  upon  the  actions  of  others  ;  and, 
alas,  I  fear  a  much  severer  one.  Many  a 
hero  would  be  stripped  of  his  laurels,  many 
a  good  deed  would  l<ise  its  sanctity. 

Often,  when  priding  ourselves  ou  doing  an 
unselfish  action,  wore  we  to  look  deep  down 
into  the  ioneimobt  depths  of  our  hearts,  we 
wouli  find  a  motive  hidden  there  that  wo 
but  li alt-suspected,  and  which  would  humble 
us  as  lui  unjust  chart^e  made  auaiust  us  by 
another  could  possibly  do;  thus  proving 
that  we  value  the  esteem  in  which  we  hold 
ourselves,  higher  than  we  do  the  esteem  in 
which  others  hold  us,  and  we  believe  the 
former  is  usually  as  nearly  correct  as  tlie 
latter;  fur  if  we  saw  "ourselves  as  others 
seo  us,"  we  are  nowise  certain  that  we 
would  get  a  more  correct  view  of  ourselves 
ttinn  we  do  looking  through  our  own  men- 
tal horoscope;  while,  if  we  saw  ourselves  as 
God  and  the  angels  see  us,  we  would  bow 
our  heads  in  the  dust,  and  humility  would 
take  thejdace  of  pride,  which  hitherto  had 
held  almost  unbouuded  sway. 

It  has  been  said  that  "to  do  a  good  action 
by  stealth,  and  have  it  fouud  out  by  acci- 
dent," is  one  of  the  plensantesl  things  in 
life ;  perhaps  it  is',  but  we  think  to  do  a 
good  action  by  stealth,  witli  no  desire  that  it 
should  ever  come  to  light,  is  one  of  the 
noblest  things  in  life,  and — we  much  fear — 
one  of  the  rarest. — Modern  Argo. 


Ift: 


J  is  money,  money  is  hours.  Happy 


Nero. 

After  the  burning  of  Rome,  says  a  writer 
in  the  London  Quarterly,  Xero  gratified  his 
taste,  in  entire  disregard  of  the  umprieties, 
in  rebuilding  it.  He  at  once  appropriated 
a  number  of  the  sites  and  a  large  porlioo  of 
the  public  grounds  for  his  new  palace. 
The  porticos,  with  their  ratjksof  o<dumn8, 
were  a  mile  long.  The  vestibule  was  large 
enough  to  contain  that  colossal  statue  of 
him,  in  silver  and  gold,  one  hundred  and 
twenty  feet  high,  from  whifh  the  colosseum 
got  ii«  name.  The  ineri)r  was  gilded 
throughout  and  adoiuid  with  ivory  and 
mother-of-pearl.  The  ceilings  of  the  din- 
ing-rooms were  fonned  with  movable  tab- 
lets of  ivory  which  shed  flowers  and  per- 
fumes on  the  company  ;  the  priui-ijuil  salon 
had  a  dome  which,  turiiing  day  and  night, 
imitated  the  moveinfUts  of  the  rolcstial 
bodies.  When  this  palace  was  finished,  he 
exclaimed,  "At  last  I  am  lodged  like  a 
man."  His  diadem  was  valued  at  half  a 
milliou.     His  dresses,  which  he  never  wore 


Rith  embroulei 


old. 


He  fished  Hith  purple  lines  aud  hooks  of 
eohl.  He  never  travellKl  uitli  less  tlian  a 
thousaid  carriages.  The  mules  were  shod 
with  silver,  tho  muloifers  clothed  with  the 
finest  wool,  and  the  attendants  wore  brace- 
lets and  necklaces  of  gold.  Five  hundred 
she-asses  followed  liis  wife  Poppjea  in  her 
prctgresses,  to  supply  milk  f.ir  her  bath. 
He  was  fond  of  figuring  io  the  circus  as  a 
charioteer,  and  in  the  theatre  as  a  singor  and 
actor.  He  prided  hiuiself  on  being  an  art- 
ist; and  when  his  possible  depo!>itioQ  was 
hinted   to  him,  he  said   that   urtists   could 


•bei 


Tlu 


which  lie  was  not  given,  nor  a  crime  which 
he  did  not  commit.  Yet  the  world,  ex- 
claims Suetonius,  endured  this  monster  for 
fourteen  years,  and  he  was  popular  with  tlie 
umltitude,  who  were  dazzled  by  bis  maguifi- 
cence  aud  mistook  his  senseless  profusion 
for  liberality.  On  the  aOniversary  of  his 
death,  during  many  years,  the  people 
crowded  to  cover  his  tomb  with  flowers. 

A  manual  of  morals  for  the  public  schools 
is  demanded  by  The  Toronto  World.  "  It 
should  lay  broad  and  deep,"  says  this  jour- 
nal, "  the  foundation  of  moral  duty ;  it 
should  show,  clearly  and  simply,  the  inevi- 
table consequences  of  moral  evil ;  it  should 
form  a  regular  part  of  every-day  school  ex- 
ercises. Such  a  manual  would  teach  a 
morality  utterly  apart  from  tlie  sanction  of 
sect  or  dogma,  yet  which  could  not  fail  to 
advauce  tliat  which  surely  ought  to  be  the 
highest  aiuj  of  every  sect,  church  and  de- 
nomination, training  the  young  to  lead  lives 
of  charity,  temperauce  aud  justice."  -  JV".  i". 
Tiibune. 

As  an  accomplisliiuent,  good  writing  is  a 
jewel.  As  a  business  qualificaiiou,  it  makes 
opportunity  and  i 


for  Cue  UuUttr,  or,  m 


a  premiuui.  free  to  any'^one.endii.K  three  subaoribers  and  three  DoiUn\»  l\i*>  Jui;i«»AL. 

Copyrighted,  tty  S^tncn-  BrotJien,  October  Jth,  mu 


.^o^  -ji^lj  JH 


^''fS^'S'^"'?'^ 


^^J^S^ki^^sr^'"^  .L 


_|3rinnpaf^ 


S^(' 


ACTUAL  BUSINESS   DEPARTMENT  0^"^- 


^Jii!"'rS 


O  (?  U   (2  j^  dTQy. 
Cy  0^  (Z 


yly  ^       ^      ^^iS' 


^■7^      ^e^      y^y        ^ 


r  r 


'^^lUPV^u^a^my  o^"'^^/^  h^i^mifif 


Tht  ahmt  ™u  are  j.'i^  a,  tptcimrnt  <•/  fl,«lo-mjmv:v,j  fnm  pcn-md-ml  Jrtisni,  mnlrj  allhe  of  re  of  Ihi  "Journal,"  dupHralt,  of  vhich  are  for  lale,  ovd,  alio,  a  great  rarttly  of  olhtr 
c^li.  .tiiloMt/or  dupUniag  ,chool-fap,r,,  calaloga.1  and  cin-ulan.  CuU  .V„«.  /  or  S.  p.ZO;  S.  4,  5,  C,  7,  S,  S  Mid  10,  flM  eacli^  Hot.  11  or  12,  flM  each;  toUeje  irripl  of  luilakle  denomiaatim,, 
of  »/..cA  ikt  above  CM,  are  sample;  in  elock  and  for  lale  at  (on  ratee.  AUa,  blank  diploma,  for  aU  etaue,  of  intlUaliom,  and  cerlificala  laUaiU  la  i<  axwrded,  b)  UacKer,  at  miling,  a,  pram  or 
fiplona,.    Sample,  untfar  S5  cent,.    Special  deign,  for  diploma,,  certi/icatUf  etc.,  mad*  andprinttd  ta  vrdtr. 


^^^^ 


«*iMW^ 


He  Did  Not  Become  a  Broker.— 
ThwHlore  WM  a  poor  larf-  One  day  when 
he  waa  very  hangry  ho  espied  a  five-«*nt 
piece  on  the  R-mt  of  the  broker's  offi.-*', 
which  he  wm  nwceping  oot.  He  had  re- 
membered stories  whereio  littte  boys  had 
pirked  up  a  small  piece  of  money,  handed 
il  to  the  great  merchant  or  rich  banker  and 
been  immediately  taken  into  partnership. 
So  Theodore  stepped  np  to  the  door  of  tbe 
broker's  private  room  and  said  : — 

"  PIcaae,  sir,  here's  a  five-ceot  piece  I 
fonnd  on  the  floor." 

The  broker  looked  at  Theodore  a  moment 
end  then  mid  : 

"  You  found  that  on  my  floor,  did  you  ? 
And  you  are  hungry,  aren't  jouf  " 

"  Yes,  sir,"  replied  Theo  lure. 

"  Well,  give  it  to  me  and  get  out.  I  was 
looking  around  for  a  partn.  r,  but  a  boy  who 
who  doesn't  know  enough  to  buy  bread 
when  he  is  starving  t'l  death  would  make  a 
sorry  broker.  No,  hoy,  I  can't  take  you 
into  the  firm." 

And  Theodore  never  became  a  great 
broker.  Ilunesly  is  the  best  policy,  children, 
ht)t  it  is  not  indispensable  to  success  io  the 
brokerage  business. — Boston  Transcript. 

The  post  of  "  Devil's  Advocate  "  has  just 
been  brilliantly  tilled  by  a  boy  who  was 
graduated  frotii  a  liigh  Bcho(d  in  Kentucky. 
]Iis  speech  hwl  the  tide,  "  The  Proud  Old 
Commonwealth."  While  acknowledging 
that  the  State  wns  at  the  head  in  cock- 
fighting,  horse  -  racing  and  whisky-drink- 
ing, he  yet  declared  that  it  was  behind 
other  Stales  in  intelljgeiKM>,  in  agriculture, 
in  manufactures,  and  in  the  construction  of 
railways.  Ho  then  luid  tlie  hardihood  to 
compare  Kentucky  with  the  neighboring 
Slates:  "With  lialf  the  population  of 
Illinois,  you  have  twice  aa  many  white  citi- 
xens  who  can  neither  read  nor  write.  With 
half  the  population  of  Ohio,  you  have  also 
twice  as  many  wliite  citizens  who  caM 
neither  read  nor  write.  With  a  smaller 
population  than  ludiaua,  the  land  of  Hi>(>- 
aiers,  you  have  also  twice  as  many  white 
citizens  who  can  neither  read  nor  write. 
And  take  your  population  through  and 
througli,  while  and  black,  you,  boastful  uf 
your  descent,  fl-ittered  by  May-Day  orators, 
members  of  a  proud  old  commonwealth, 
have  a  percentage  of  persons  who  can 
neither  read  nor  write  greater  than  Japait." 

The  "Journal"  Appreciated. 
Department  of  thr  Interior, 
BuREAti  OF  Edui;ation, 
Washington,  July  7,  Jb82. 
Eililors  of  Journal;— I   am    greatly 
obliged  fur  your  kindness  in  supplying  this 
office   with    the    current  volume   of   your 
Journal.  I  find  it  of  so  much  value  that  I 
would  like,  if  possible,  to  be  furnished  with 
the  cumpletc  vulume  for  Itidl,  for  use  in  the 
preparatiuu  uf  that  part  of  my  annual  re- 
port which  refers  to  the  business- coUegca  in 
existence  during  that  year. 

Very  truly  yours, 

JuiiN  Eaton, 

Couimissioner. 

Profosaor  H.  C.  Spencer,  of  Washington. 
1).  C,  is  now  giving  in  the  Penman's  Aii 
Journal  a  Course  of  twelve  les&ous  ia  prac- 
tical writing.  The  instruction  is  carefully 
prepared  by  H.  C,  while  the  illustratiuus 
are  by  Lyman  P.,  Speucer.  Thus  the  les- 
sons present  the  combined  skill  and  experi- 
ence of  the  best  teaching  and  artistic  talent 
ol  this  country,  and  we  might  say  of  the 
world,  for  we  believe  that  no  system  of 
writing  in  the  world  lias  equal  merit,  or  is 
as  universally  popular,  as  Speucerian. 
Hvury  and  Lyman  Spencer  are  ita  great 
masters.  The  c(.st  uf  the  Journal  is  one 
dollar:  this  Course  of  lessons  is  one  didlar, 
BO  that  the  cost  of  it  will  still  be  cheap,  if 
it  were  ten  dollars,  and  should  give  the 
Journal  one  hundred  ihuusand  patrons,  for 
there  are  that  number  of  peraoua  who  would 
find  a  dollar  thus  invested  a  sure  ^d  to  ad- 
Taaoement.— X  X.  School  Journal. 


There  U  a  rral  pU-sure  t..  be  d^rivf-d 
from  the  study  of  symmetrical  handwriting. 
It  bring.<i  into  delightful  activity,  and  conse- 
quent development,  the  faculties  of  form, 
size,  Older,  color,  const ructiveoeM  and  aun- 
parison.  There  is  a  satisfaction  io  skill  of 
hand ;  and  the  complimentary  appmval  of 
one's  writing  by  one's  relatives  and  friends 
is  in  itself  do  slight  incentive  to  mastery  of 
the  pen.  Again,  there  are  the  pecuniary 
advantages  which  good  haodwriliog  se- 
cures, especially  to  those  who  are  just  enter- 
ing busy  life.  Persona  who  arc  endeavoring 
to  improve  their  writing  will  find  efficient 
and  satisfactory  aid  in  the  Peniimn's  Art 
Journal,  in  the  May  number  of  which  be- 
gan a  series  of  practical  writing- lessons,  by 
H.  C.  Spencer. — Frank  Leslie's  Boyif  and 
GirW  Weekly. 

The  Penman's  Art  Journal.  —  Too 
much  praise  cannot  be  given  to  Mr.  Ames 
for  the  tact  and  energy  he  displays  in  bis 
efforts  to  give  the  penmen  of  this  country  a 
respectable  and  efficient  organ.  If  any 
doubt  has  at  any  time  existed  as  to  the  per- 
manent cliaracter  of  the  Journal,  it  must, 
by  the  present,  have  vanished  into  thin  air. 
Tlie  May  number — better  late  than  never — 
ia  as  nearly  being  an  ideal  clacs-paper  as 
one  cau  hope  to  find  in  an  imperfect  world. 
The  appearance  is  tine,  the  matter  excellent, 
and  the  ring  unmistakable.  Mr.  Ames  is  a 
good  editor.  He  is  fair  and  courteous,  and 
yet  outspoken.  If  lie  has  anything  to  say, 
he  aays  it,  and  I. is  readers  generally  know 
on  which  side  of  a  question  he  stands.  And 
besides,  he  lets  other  people  say  what  tiiey 
please,  so  long  as  they  use  good  grammar 

The  May  number  coDtaiustbe  first  of  Mr. 
II.  C.  Spencer's  lessons  on  practical  pen- 
manship,  the  best  ihiug  that  has  yet  been 
done  in  a  penman's  paper.  Mr.  Spencer 
stands  at  the  head  of  Speureriau  penmen 
in  this  country,  and  there  is  no  uncertain 
sound  or  mark  in  anything  he  may  say  or 
do.  Now  is  the  time  to  subscribe  for  the 
Penman's  Art  Journal;  D.T.Ames.  205 
BroadwHy. — Common  Snine  in  Education. 


FIFTH    KDITIOX.  FIFTH    EDITION. 

REVISED  AND  IMPROVED. 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC. 

A  New  and  Improved  Work  on  Business  Calculations, 

Specially  Prepared  as  a  Practical  Text-book  for  Business  Colleges, 

High  Schools,  Academies  and  Universities. 

\V'h*>n  tirst  published,  it  at  once  received  the  Ptrougest  indorsement  of  miuij  of  the 
leadiiig  bueiiivsti  educators  in  thin  country,  and  wa.t  adopted  by  over  ont  hundred  prouiiueiit 
Busiuvss  Colleges  and  Private  &choi>Is  in  the  United  States  nnd  the  Canad»ii. 

Since  that  lime  it  has  been  able  not  onli/  t->  rftatn  EVERY  ONK  of  ito  patrons,  but  also  to 
secure  others,  in  such  numbers  that  four  large  editions  have  been  consumed  in  supplying  the 
demand. 

tsjE  FiFTir  Fi)iTio:isr, 

jupl  published  (512  royal  octavo  iingea).  has  been  revised,  and  inipnived  by  the  addition  ot 
many  new  and  valuablu  plates,  together  wilb  tlie  correction  of  all  typngrupiiical  errors  incident 
to  the  publication  of  new  bookt<. 

Jn  addition  to  the  publication  of  the  work  ia  a  complete  edilicm,  for  the  convenipuce  itt 
patrons  it  is  also  publisbed  in  two  Farts. 

PART    FIRST 

Comprises  192  royal  octavo  pages,  beginning  with  the  introduclic 
the  Bultjeci  of  Percentage.     The  methods  are  adapted  tu  da 


vel  features. 


Begins  with  the  subject  of  P^t 
practical  treafnieiit  of  the  vari 
This  portion  of  the  woi: 
lis  Bticcees  was  quick  a 
live  as  Haltering.  It  ia  hmiec 
features  of  impruvemeut  and  p 
practical  than  any  similar  wot 

ftw  of  the  many  testimuiiinls  \ 


PAFJT    SFCONF* 

I  '    .'-s  a  tliorougb. 


atic  and  natural  order. 

I  published  in  September,  ISSO. 

new  edition  became  as  impeta- 


ulleges  and  Schooli", 


WHAT  OUR  PATKOXS  SAY: 


Pri.( 


:  E.  Hibhnrd.  Doattm.- 


Pnif.  Charles  C'lHglmni.  Bruoklyn. — "Would  DOt  use  1 

Prof,  H.  C.  Spencer.  Wailiinglon—*' I'lrnuefllionably  : 
hebe4i.    ItlaaBtiocesa." 
Pror  R.  C.  Spencer.   MIlwaHkea.— "  A  superior  work 


Prof.  S.  Bogiinliw,  Si-ringllolO.  IIU- 
jlve  your  woric  iny  lienrry  u|ipwval." 

Prof.  C.  W.  LaFptra,  Loa  Anirelos,  Cut.—"  I 
tUel>t»t.    We  lime  il  very 

Prof.  Bt.  Kennedv.  Mar 


hlgdly." 
nb.  Ill 
kind  yetjuilillslied." 


r|«_y.loi.« 


.-  L.  L. 


,  Admirably  lulHpied  i< 
nnskell,  Jeraey  Clly. — "I  ooniider  i 
M.  Carpenter.  J^l.  Louia. — "It  is  un<l 


Contains  n 


"We  I 


r,  I>cs  Moines,  Io 
■r.  Slanslleld.  0- 


AaOrcas,      i'l.N  w  \ 

.         '           ..'■>&. 

viiun)(  {leoinnn  nl  Keutuvky, 

J.   t\   STUUIIUCIKLI),   i>r 

A  SET  of  Iba  bandnKniMl  I 

iiHuu  Cii,.il«U.  fr~l.  Item 

CfBCIMENS  oroir-hand  Ht.i 
O                  L.  MauaKahz,  III 

1    F.  $TIIBBLEFIELD.  "t 
J 1  wrii.»  curdB  iu  ■>  »tyle 

•  Inmon,  yitimg  wrlUr," 

AN  V  Penmaw  sending  n>e  lu  many  designs  of  Extended 
Mo<roui(iiii4,  u  prv>duc«d  liy  me,    wLK  rccet\e  m\ 
but  elturts  tre«.  C.  U.  Puii'.B,  Keukuk,  lun^ 


I-   '     I     I-   Hi  .1     I    xl'iiH,  Albany.— "Afleralboruugli 
Prof  C.  L.  Cruswellvr,  Piokedng  College,  Oot. — "  By 


Prof.  P.  H. 


,  Clinlnr 


"It  1 


SPECIMEN-PAGES  will  bi 

Complete   Edition,  Expi 


ANSWERS    TO    PROBLEMS. 

For  the  use  of  Teachers  and  Private  Pupils, 

a  work  ctmtniiiiiig  answers  to  all  lb« 

piubleiiiB  in    lliu  Co.MFLiiTii  Eui- 

TK..N,  «ill  be  mailed  oi.  receipt 


emlaenlly  pnieiicut. 

Pnif.  C-  A.  Twilling.  Union  City,  Pa.—"  It  cnnnot  be 
lui)  atruDgly  jiiddned.  '  ■ 


lied  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  Stamp. 

ur  PoBi-paid,  on   receix^t   of  09. 9^ 

Address, 


Bryani,  Siraiion  &  Sadler  Business-College, 

^'u6.  0  uud  6  Noittii  Cu-utLEs  Street,  BAXTXMOJtE,  JId, 


IHl-:   NF.W 

BRUNl   &  STRATTOIil 
BOOK-KEEPING     BLANKS, 

\  i  >i>M  fur  iiMf  with  or  wiihoiit  TfxiBook, 


iirlH.I  1 


'■'II  IF,  NKW 

Bryant   &    Stratton 
Oounting-House-Book  keeping." 

■  VIMI8RIOKSBT.  BOOK  K«  lit  (IKNKHAI.  USB 
■■  WKINO  SKT.  BLSINKSS  KuHM8. 

V  GOODS  HET.      PHACTICE  HOOK. 
SECOND  Bi;$INES.S  SERIES. 

K;ivambl»  ■mingrmrolM  nind«  nltti  BiuiiieMColler- 

1 1 '•rriptiT«  I.Ut  now  KAily.    CorTM|H»i<leDrc  iDvilril 

"JOHN  D'S  FAVORITE  PEN." 

Thii  Pen,  knowp  by  the  above  lllle.  it  i.mnumriMr.-  i  ■ 
h.  iH-al  Dteer,  Mid  i<iire(1iny  M>IerM,  Tb>-y  im-  |uinu  . 
.riy  ndspled  fur  Public  nml  Priviilu  Sphixtia  Ami  Br^.i, 

DANIEL  SLOTE  &  CO., 

ll!l   AND    121    WEl.r.UMSTJlFKT.   NKW   YOKK 

THE  DAY  SPACING 
Shading     T     Square. 


¥    1 

This  work  is  unnti-^  \j  uncedel  ly  the  pic^s  professional  pei  ii  au  an  I  iit  •*! 
uerierally,  to  be  the  most  comprehensive  i  met  cal  and  artistic  guide  tc  rimment  il  pei 
manship  ever  pubb-^hed  Sent  post  i  aid  to  any  address  m  receij  t  ot  $4  50  r  is  a 
premium  for  a  elub  of  12  subaonbers  to  the   Journal 

The  abo\e  cut  rtpicsents  tl  o  litle  page  of  the  w  rk   which  is  1 1  t  14  in  size 


Priolere.  Tlie  olijwit  of  tliis  pupor  is  lo  adv^^rtise  t 
ua  ill  list  ratio  DM  of  ihu  latest  style*  of  cards  an'l  n 
I  It  year,  including  three  proiDiu»i« :  one  Oblique 
jniatic  Shading-pen ;  or  we  will  send  200  Gilt-edge  ( 

«  piist.  been  a  patron  ofllic  Editor,  Mr.  J.  SI  OtborD 

I  ENULASl.  CAHI.  COMPAXV.  H0I,HE8  Cc 

<!t.ntUmtn  .-—We  ai>k(ioivledgo  with  ffiatitude  the  a 
;ommercial  Soboola  have  subscribed  for  your  merilo 
fiviiig  good  satisfacliiin  here,  Riid  your  pricus  aro  Ic 

the  surface  of  your  canis  very  siipeniir  lor  writlii 
IS  black  and  dries  amoothly  on  ihom.     We  hope  yoi 

II  to  all  penmen),  and  niny  health  and  prosperity  oro 


iety  of  new  styla 
e  always  found  h 


erest  of  Penmen.  Canl-writer 
s  persons.  Bech  number  wil 
D.  Subscription -price,  only  Si 
triangular  Penholder,  and  on< 


^era.     Wo 
The  Ink 


Bryant's  New  Series. 
B  O  O  K  -  K  K  E  P I  N  a . 

ElOIITH     ElHTH>N.  CorVRiaiiTKD,    18 

Bv  J.  C.  BRYANT,  M.D.. 

lURrynntiStnii 


1»»  . 


e  P  try     BnslneM  Ponna  oomplet«.    PUin 


menoH    313  pogM     Reta  I  ta 


AGENTS   WANTED. 

IN  i:\  I  i:>    M\v  \    i\  AMKRICA. 


"THE  PENMAN'S  AND  PRINTER'S  GAZETTE," 
WOONSOCKET,  R.  I. 


tosev 

en-eiffhls  of  an  i 
ssired  length  or 

oh  and 

made 

orijonlally 

r  upon 

*XJ 

o  any  pari 

pnc«, 

and  descnptloti 

bJI 

We 

give    herewltl 

Siwcin 

CDS 

f    Tinting. 

photo- 

enpa 

red  direotly  fro 
,  with  the  rapid 

1   niling 

iz 

__ 

patent  rail  ns  and  tin  line 
signed.       Rsspertfiilly. 


DMlgD<^f  nnd  Dinftsmun.Aro.  Bunk  Not • 

T.  Amk«,  Knu—IHar  Sir:    One  of  yoi 

mid  1  havo  found  ll  onlromely  lut-ful  in 
ihes  of  drawing  to  whloh  I  have  applin 
youra.  UuWAim  E.JoKRS, 

Designer  aud  DraAsman,  with  D.  Appl 


SCRIPT  RULERS. 

^'<iicnl  forms  for  the  capital  aod  small  script  alphabets, 
>  the  flgiuve,  thus  kesping  ever  present  and  conveni- 
b«tor»  the  writer,  oonwn.  forms  for  writing.    Theeo 

loQt  toy  mail  lo  any  address.   Wood  for  IS  ols.;  metal, 

iT  wriuog.       Addnes.  Pri»UA»'9  Akt  Joi'RNau 

905  Browlvar.  Nsw  Tork. 


^<r^^l^^^4m^ 


Phntn-Enqravinq-^^PhDtn-LithDqraphq. 

H.X  Ames  .  ZDS  BRDanwsx: 


roamenlnl  and  Flourished  Car 


}  agents  can.  and  do,  moke  laoney.  by  takiog  sub- 
rs  hir  the  JottRNAL,  and  setliOK  the  above  works, 
d  for  our  Spfolol  Rates  to  Agents. 


DISPLAY   CUTS  FOR   ADVERTISING, 
ai^ed  and  engraved  esppolally  for  displaying  Ham 


PHOTO-LITHOOHAPHY 


Broadway.  New  Task. 


j__--^S^ 


lPl©IiilM 


sSms'V^^V'*'''""'^'""*'^''^^^^ 


EETERBROOK'5 


m\  Series  of 

bCHODL  PENS 

%^  ^«f  sxus  ay  Mil  o^AirffA 


INSTRUCTION 


soriplion  of  pen-work  done  to  order  al  modei 
Your  name  written  on  13  assorted  oards  for  35  i 
0-1  at.  H.  W.  KIBBB,  I 


fill  nil  orders  for  ptnv 


SET  of  aoy  style  of  Ciipiials.  50  oeats.     It  will  \ 
you  to  send  to  C.  H.  PBiBCB.  Keokuk,  Iowa. 


t  CAPITALS.  idifftTA 


SITUATIONS 


MY  Favorite  IVn,  per  gross,  SI.25.      ^     ,    ,    , 
C.  H.  PKHirB,  KeokuJt.  Town. 

INKl    50  different  reoip 


1  for  black,  blue,  green,  red. 
riiwn,  gold,  silver,  white,  lo- 
nalled  for  4^  cents  In  Blumpe 
■OvUle.  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y. 


The  Book-keeper 

the  only  paper  of  its 

character  in  the  world. 
Published  Fortmghtlv. 


ingAccountants  of  America 
Correspondents. 


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to  Accountanis,  Hankers,  Merchants, 
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counts, and  all  persons 
having  to  do  with 
the  keeping  of 

of  account. 
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keeping reviewed  and  exemplified. 
Practical  problems  and  questions  discus- 
sed and  elucidated. 
Subscription,  $2,00  per  annum.      Single 

copies,  8  cents. 
Specimen  copiessent  free  to  prospective 
subscribers. 
An  Agent  wanted  in  every  city  In  the 
United  Stales  and  Canada.     Full  com- 
pensation guaranteed. 

The  Bookkekper, 
29  Warren  Street,  New  York. 
Post-Office  Address.         P.  O.  Box  2126. 


THE  CHAMPION 

Card-writer  of  tkt  eounirjf  hat  note  on  hand  the 
Jinett  list  of  fuUinif-cardM  in  Xne  Tort  City. 

EVERY  READER 
of  the  Journal  can,  for  the  next  30  days, 
»ecur«  ifaeir  cards  writleu  with  their  names  for 
the  following  prices: 


Gill-edge  I 
k  City).  th0 


i  12  'V^^Z^^ 


PENME.\»Sand  ARTISTS'  SUPPLIES. 

On  receipt  of  tht-  prices  annexed,  we  will  for- 
niiy  iirticle  nnmed  I 


patrons  c 

promptly. 

AlptiobotB.. 
keeping,  Coi 
Anies'  Copy  Slips,  forlnstmotloti  a 


Ames'  Compendium  ot  Ora'l  Penmanship,  ti  S 

Ames'  nook  of  Alptiabots l  S 

Bryant's  Book-keeping,  Counting  House  Ed    X  0 
-       -■  "py  Slips,  forlnstmction  and  prao- 
writing,  per  sheet,  containing  40 

60  sheets,  (SO  full  sets  of  copies) 3  0 

100       "      (I'M  'uU  sets  of  uoptes) 5  0 

Urlstol  Board,  S-eheet  thick,  £2x86  in.,  pr  sbt  6 

"            22xSS,perBbeet,byexpress..  3 

t-rcnch  B.  B.,  24x34,       "              "              .,  7 

"       26x40,        "               "                ..  1  2, 

Bhick  Card  Board.  33x28,  for  white  Ink .1 

Blnck  Cai'ds  per  100 2 

Bluck  Cards  per  thousand,  by  express 2  0 

Wliafs  dr'lng-paper,  hot-press,  15x20.$"l5    %l "i 


Keeping  Books, 

By    DWIGHT    S.  DO"W. 

The  Bin.plest   and   most  coiuplete  Irvalise  ever 

written  OH  the  Lo^c  of  Accounts. 

DAVID  A.  CURTIS,  Publisher, 

/i!/maxl,  fhfSpcr  copy,  210  FULTON   ST.,  N.  Y. 


Blank  Bristol  Board  Cords,  per  H 


I  Omsnientiil  C 


).  lad.  luk.  sUck 
)rpackof25caid0, 


AddTBM,  PENMAN'S   ART  JOUKNAL. 
•■"  205  Braadwa)-,  Now  York. 

FANCY  CARDS  I 

TWELVE  DESIGNS,  ALL  DIFFERENT. 

TliK  BEST  m  TUP.  tlARKET. 

'  J*"''  "'  ^  "anl*  lenl  poat-MttI 20  oW 

fiOO  pwrt-jwld. 13.5(1 

1000.  by  BxprMW,  '....'.'.'.     \    '.    \    '.      i,f^ 
Send  for  Clroulnr.    Samplei  SF-NT  FREE. 

P.  T.  AMES.  a).-i  Jn,mlwi>y.  New  York. 

C.    N.    CUANDI^E, 
ARTIST. PENMAN    AND   TEACHER, 

VALPARAISO.  IND. 
Tj^oroiiRli  ootinc  in  Pramanshli.,   10  weeks,  tlO;  12 

16;  12  letaona  In  CnrdiTritiiii;,  rtn-drswing  LetterinK 
Md  pcijnliig  lurff«  apecimenr  ok  Horw,  Lioii,'  Elephan* 
F*itle,  Deer,  ulo..  flS;  Compendinni.  fniih  Um  th«  pen 
60<-eDt«i  Book  of  (ukIw  differeiit  dMimiB  frc«h  from  the 
iwo,  $1 1  Sjwclmen  of  Plourleliioff,  Sol  of  Italian  Cupi- 
Ula  and  ComblnotloiM.  SO  cenw;  2  doion  canb  (plain 
while.  we<ldlaff  Bri»(oI),  33  cent*. 

All  Mnib  of  Pen.wotk  to  ordOT.  8alUfiu^ttoo  ininmn. 
tMd.  Can  flunljib  all  kinda  of  WrlUnir-tiiBterial  cbmn 
8«od  for  PriMlUt  oud  Ciroiilar.  J-12i. 

SEND  to  OUIINBTT,  Elmira.  N.  Y  .,  for  an  elejnint  speoi- 
men  of  Off-Hand  Pon-Art.  7™t 

JDST  rUBLlSlIKD 

THE  NEW 

BRY.VNT  A  STRATTON'S 

COMMON  SCHOOL  BOOK-KEEPINO. 

£mbraolnK  sinole  and  docblr  kktby,  and 
adapted  to  nidlvidniil  and  cbisB  InstrucUon  In 
BoboulH  iinil  uuidumii'!*.  Ity  s,  8.  Packard  and 
IL  B   ItitVANT.     Piku  by  luall,  »1.00.     Libenil 

ThiBpopnliiiwoik„whlch  for  Iho  lust  fifteen 
ywirs  has  enjoyed  a  gi-oder  measure  of  thefuvor 

typogtnpblciU  dress  and  greatly  Improved  In 
■ppeHmuoe. 

THE  NEW 

BRYANT  A  STRATTON'S 

couNTiNciiorsK   TiftoK-KrrpiNo. 

New   Yoil..  t,„>i  II.   11.  KuvA«p  of '  Chlwigil. 

Prloo  by  imiU,  $2.50.  * 

This  new  work  t»  now  ready  for  nso,  and  will 

iruBtlBeuiwn  tlic»clenc«  of  aooounte  yet  pu1>-' 

T''w  ,•>«"*=  l3  a  great  improvement  upon  the 
wu  .>dmoii  In  ftlniiwt  all  i-t»tpoct3,  and  will  be 
found  to  do  Uio  roquirud  work  In  business  col- 
leges and  high  schools  better  ihaa  any  other 
work  now  befoi-o  the  public. 

ITiSON,    BLAKKMAN,    TATI^OR  A  CO., 

l-nUlJSHJtBS, 

•■W  ift  and  1*0  Grand  StrwoU  N«w  York 


SPECIAL  OFFER.  IsoOwmii.. 

On  receipt  of  $1.00  and  a  one  cent  stamp,  I  will  '  {Scared  ^nd1I?'iwi"*r 
Bend  you  the  following  Bpecimens,  etc.,  prepiud,  I  G"!"'*'''^'^  ^'^'  ^*''"'  P* 


/  will  give  you  my  very  best  work. 

BRILLIANT  BLACl 
per  quart.    Receipt 

Bopittg  to  rteetvt  your  order,  I 


WELLS    W.  SWIFT, 

MarloBvllle,   Onondaga   County.   New   York, 

Proprielor  of  Swirr'8  NswePArsB  Ci.ua  Agbhct, 
sod  PublUbei  of  Swift's  Hasu-uoors  or  IXK  Rbofm. 
■'Collectton  No.  1  "  (50  Recipes)  Contents:  Black,] 
Violet;  W'hit. 


:  Sj-mpolhetic,  ; 
n  No.  2"  (100  F 


I   Gold:    SI 
oipee)  Cont«nt 


!  kindi: 


[nka,  . 


"llie  best  testiynonial  a  hook  can  have  is  tJte 
names  of  those  icho  use  it." 

CARHART'.S 

Class-Book  of 

Commercial  Law 

ool  and  Com 
demies  and  Schools 

AMONG   THE  NUMBER    ARE: 


't^UOT/^ 


SPECIALTIES. 

STEEL  PENS.         WRITING-INKS. 
SCRIPT  RULERS. 


COPY-BOOKS. 

DRAWING-PENCILS 

The  name  Spmcenan  has  been  identified  with  a  leading  eystem  of 
for  over  forty  years.     Our  Copy-books  have  borne  that  designation  since  18r>4,  and  our  Steel 
Pens  since  1860.     More  recently  it  has  also  been  used  by  us  as  a  special  trade  mark  for  all  our 
penmanship  publications  and  statiooers'  specialties. 

It  is  recognized  everywhere  a?  a  guaranty  of  the  Buperiority  of  aiiylhing  which  bears 
Ihat  well-known  and  standard  designation. 

Spencerian    Steel    Pens 

Are  used  by  all  the  best  penmen  in  the  country.     Tliey  combine  a  degree  of  elasticity  and  a 
smoothness  of  point  not  found  in  any  other  pens. 

Samples  of  the  FIME-PODsT  pens  seut  on  application. 

Spencerian  "Writing  -  Inks. 

The  original  receipt  from  which  the  Black  Ink  is  made  has  been  in  use  in   England 
over  ont  hundred  yeari.     Our  aim  is  to  supply  the  constant  demand  for  a  superior  Ink. 

EXTRA   BLACK    WRITING-INK. 

Is  the  most  durable  Ink  that  can  be  mode.    Specially  adapted  for  Records  and  Docu- 
ments of  importance. 

BRITISH    JAPAN    INK. 

Flows  from  the  pen  an  inteuse  and  brilliant  glossy  black,  of  great  durability  :  unrivaled 
for  signatures  and  oruamental  writing. 

SPENCERIAN  BLUE-BLACK  WRITING  -  FLUID 

Combiuea  three  iiupurmnl  qualilies :  fuidity.  color  and  diirabUUy,  and  is  absolutely  reliable  for 
all  busiuesB  papers. 

SPENCERIAN  BLUE-BLACK  COPYING -INK 

Combines  the  advantages  of  a  perfect  Copying-Ink  and  a  free-flowing  Wriliug-Pluid. 

obtained  from  your  stationer,  sample  bottles  ot  any  of  the 
press,  at  the  expense  of  the  purchaser,  securely  packed  in 
T.'>  cents  per  pint :  dU  tents  jker  half-piut. 


.  Haniutd,  Cono. 


;olIeg» Collegevi 


The  above  are  some  of  the  leading  iustitu- 
ions  now  using  the  Class-Book  of  Commercial 
-.aw,  and  who  speak  in  the  highest  terms  of 


1  ARKANaED  eepeolally 


'  PtTional  Property.  Bailment, 
tight  and  PiuttngrTM.  Jnnkeep- 

>  any  address 


C.  E.  CARHART, 

lipal  ol  the  Albany  Btuineu  Col 

Albany 


SnORTHAND-writin(f    Ihoinogbly  taujtht    by  mal 
Tenna  low,  auturaotiun  guaranteed.     Send  stamp  ft 
apeoimen  and  olniular.     W.  W.  HlfLTON,  Pittsburgh,  Pi 


^  If  this  Ink  c 
different  kinds  will  be  a 
wood,  on  receipt  of  §1  pi 


/vison.  B  la  kern  an,  Taylor  &  Co., 

753  and  755  Broadway,  New  York. 

Gtl/  youionUr  pUa*t  mention  thi*  pajjrr.  , 


MAYHE WS 
UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual   of    Business    Practice, 


:ollq,es 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LL.D., 

Detroit,  Mich. 


PUBIjISHfc,D    MON  I  III  ■i     A  I    M)-i   UKOADW  W,   I  OK  »1  <10   PKR  YEAR. 

"Enttrti  at  Ike  Pott  Offia  of  Nrw  York.  X.  T.,  aa  ttamd-cUai  matUr." 


NEW    YORK,    AUGUST,   1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  8. 


,.v 

v„, 

-' 

)TE  A   CO.. 

C«.l-Vl;<inK 

PHONO<iK 

TaugLl    in    clfuu 

"'" 

.i.ly 

a>  TirpK-^vKiTjmo 

rH::r; 

!'iT,' 

^^^ 

ur    pereouallv.     SiluatioM 
ni»eienl.     SeaiX  for  circular. 

DECOBATIVB 

IRT 

ST  AND  PENMAN, 

..rq 

org 

r 

oDcd  Handwrltlog, 

Lessons  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  III. 

By  Henry  C.  Spencer. 

Ciipjiiffliied  August.  1682,  by  Spencer  Brothers. 


A  pupil  says,  "  I  caa  write  better  in  my 
t-M  position  than  I  can  iu  the  correct  posi- 
imii,"  Is  it  reasonable  to  expect  that  an 
"111  liitbit,  uf  years,  will  at  oucc  give  place 
I"  a  new  onef  Certainly  not.  Tu  break  up 
the  old  cramped  position  requires  pluck. 
The  pnpil  must  stick  to  his  aim.  Let  liiui 
Bay,  "I  can  and  I  wiU"j  let  hiin  practice 
in  such  a  spirit  and  he  will  win. 

Those  wiu)  have  studied  and  practiced 
Lesson  II.,  are  well  prepared  for  Lesson  III., 
which  again  iDtroduces  drill  in  position  and 


The  soldier  is  drilled  in  the  manual  of 
anus,  to  fit  him  for  destroying  life;  the 
writer  should  be  drilled  in  The  Manual 
(IF  THE  Pen,  that  he  may  be  qualified  to 
-io  those  thinga  which  sustain,  enrich  and 
prolong  life. 

Attention— Writers.  Face  desk.  (Sit 
near  the  desk,  but  do  not  press  afjainst  itj 
feet  level  on  the  floor.) 

Place— Paper.  (Obliquely  on  the  desk, 
lower  left  corner  on  a  lino  with  right-side  of 
body;  upper  left  corner  opposite  middle  of 
chest.) 

Arms  and  Hands— Front.  {Elevated 
about  six  inches  above  the  paper;  tips  of 
fore-fingers  touching,  at  right  angles;  elbows 
on  a  line  with  front  of  body. 

Arms  and  Hands— Down.  (Muscles  of 
nrins  resting  on  edge  of  the  desk;  palms 

Ij.inds  down;  and  balls  of  fingers  and 
rnl.9  resting  on  paper.) 

Hands— Half-closed.  (Tips  of  finger 
nails  touching  the  paper;  wrists  slightly  ele- 
vated; arms  resting  on  the  full  part  of  the 
musctrs  midway  between  elbow  and  wrist. 

RiOHT-iiAND— Slide  right,  left,  right, 
left,  right,  left,  right,  left.  (Slide  on  tips  of 
finger  nails,  the  whole  hand  moved  by  the 


1?!  Ccyr-y.    Movr.::  Repeat  strokes  liobtty.  counting. 


■/2^/^^^ 


2^  Coyj-.  LettBi3foimBd£t3inBlnalplB8L2'ena5. 


fore-f 


icula 


First  and  Second  Fingers  and 
Thumb— Extend.  (As  in  holding  a  pen  or 
pencil ;  the  hand  resting  only  upon  the  nails 
of  third  and  fourth  fingers.)  Again,  Slide — 
right,  left,  right,  left,  right,  left,  right,  left. 
(Hold  hand  level,  the  back  facing  ceiling 
above.) 

Left-hand— Cakry  Pen — To  Right- 
hand.  (Keep  right-hand  iu  position  to  re- 
ceive pen ;  convey  pen  by  tip  of  holder, 
placing  it  across  corner  of  second  finger-nail, 
and  passing  it  under  first  finger,  let  it  cross 
just  forward  of  knuckle  joint;  close  thumb 
in  on  the  left,  pressing  the  holder,  lightly, 
opposite  the  lower  joint  of  first  finger.) 
A^ain,  Slide  right,  left,  right,  left,  right 
left,  right,  left.  (Hold  paper  to  place  with 
left-band;  maltita.in  correct  position  during 
the  exercise.) 

Tracing  the  copy,  is  an  exercise  that  will 
be  required,  more  or  less,  as  we  proceed ;  and 
for  that  purpose  we  prefer  to  use  a  penhold- 
er that  has  been  sharpened  to  a  point,  like 
a  pencil.  The  pointed  wooden-holder  is 
better  fur  tracing  than  the  point  of  a  pen, 
because  it  is  not  as  liable  to  deface  the  copy. 

If  you  have  the  upper  end  of  your  pen- 
holder sharpened,  you  are  ready  for 

Copy  1. 
Examine  the  first  form  in  this  copy  ;  ob- 
serve the  arrow  indicating  the  first  course  of 
the  pen.  Take  correct  position  to  trace 
this  form,  lightly,  with  the  tips  of  pen- 
holder; the  whole  hand  is  to  move  —no 
separate  action  of  fingers  in  this  exercise. 
Dictate  your  strokes,  as  you  trace:  "  Right 
curve,  connective  slant";  "straight  line, 
main  slant";  "back."  Repeat  several  times. 
Trace,  in  a  similar  manner,  each  of  the 
movement-exercises  in  tiie  copy.  Countingl, 
2,  3,  etc.,  may  be  resorted  to  for  the  pur- 
pose of  securing  regularity  of  motion.  After 
tracing,  write  the  forms  on  paper  with  pen 
and  ink.  Observe  that  they  are  the  hight 
of  the  space  between  the  ruled  lines — a 
ritUd  space.  May  profitably  dwell  on  a 
form,  repeating  the  strokes  until  they  be- 
gin to  blot. 

Copy  2. 
What  letters  are  introduced  in  this  copy  f 
Make  thsm  in  the  air.  Trace  the  copy  with 
pointed  penholder,  naming  the  strokes  in 
order,  thus  :  for  small  i,  *'  right  curve,  con- 
nective slant";  "straight  line,  main  slanl"; 
"right  curve,  connective  slanl";  dot,  one 
sp.ioe  above.  For  small  h,  "  right  curve, 
connective  slant";  "straight  line,  main  slant"; 
"right  our^-e,  connective  slant "  ;  "straight  , 


line,  main  slant";  "right 
slant."  For  small  w,  name  four  strokes  as- 
iu  u,  and  add,  "right  curve,  one-half  space 
to  right " ;  "  dot " ;  "  horizontal  right  curve." 
In  tracing,  make  the  whole  hand  slide  to 
the  right  on  each  connecting  curve. 

Before  writing  the  letters  with  ink,  let  us 
determine  the  size  we  are  to  write. 

At  the  right  end  of  Copy  2,  the  ruling  of 
your  paper,  (three-eighths  of  an  inch  be- 
tween liues),  is  indicated  by  short  horizontal 

A  dot  appears  just  below  the  upper  stroke, 
one-third  the  hight  of  (  from  it.  The 
whole  space  between  this  upper  dot  and  the 
lower  horizontal  stroke  or  base  line,  we 
will  designate  the  writinfi- space :  this  is 
divided  into  three  equal  spaces,  by  two  dots, 
and  the  lower  of  these  we  will  call  the 
i-space.  It  is  one-ninth  of  an  inch.  Our 
short  letters  in  the  medium  hand,  which  is 
the  size  of  the  copy,  are  written  an  i-space 
in  hight.  The  i-space  is  the  unit  for  tlie 
measurement  of  letters,  in  hight  and  length. 

Dot  your  spaces   carefully,  as  shown  in 

Take  correct  position  and  write  the  letters 
with  ink.  Make  the  strokes  with  the  reg- 
ularity of  ordinary  counting.  Do  not  allow 
yoiir  hand  to  rest  heavily,  and  stick  in  one 


pk, 


the  paper  while  fonning  a  letter 


slightly  sidew 
making  the  connective  cun 
may  co-operate  with  fore- 
the  strokes.    Such  moveme 
bined  movement. 

Criticize  Your  Let 
making  right  curves?  None  other  proper 
to  these  letters.  Are  your  letters  just  one- 
third  of  the  writing-space  t  Are  the  an- 
gular joinings  made  at  topt  If  below  top, 
correct  them.  Have  you  made  right-side 
parts  of  t,  M,  w,  shorter  than  left-side  f  If 
so,  bring  them  up.  Are  the  turns  at  base 
too  broad  ?  Maki 
without  stopping, 
width-spaces  iu  t, 
equal  f     They  should  be 

Practice,  criticize,  cor 
frequently,  slide  hand 
the  right. 

Again,  you  are  earnestly  cautioned  against 
turning  your  hand  over  to  the  right,  resting 
its  side  on  the  paper,  and  thus  obstructing 
its  progress  across  the  page.  Perhaps  you 
roll  your  hand  because  you  forget  the  cor- 
rect position  while  attending  to  the  forms  of 
the  letters.  If  such  is  the  case,  you  may 
put  something  on  the  back  of  your  hand  as 
an  indicator,  to  rewind  you  when  your 
hand  is  not  level. 


rigl 
Pen  fingprs 
1    in    shaping 
s  called,  coin- 
Are  you 


n  siiort  as  possible 
ive  you  made  the 
nd  first  half  of  w, 

Qqual. 
rect  your   position 

making  curves  to 


The  picture  of  hand-aud-pen,  above, 
shows  a  pasteboard  button  placed  on  the 
kuuckle  between  first  and  second  fingers. 

A  bit  of  paper  about  three-fourths  of  an 
inch  square,  or,  if  circular,  about  three- 
fourths  of  an  inch  in  diameter,  may  be  used 
for  an  indicator.  When  you  roll  your  hand, 
the  indicator  will  slide  off,  and  thus  remind 
you  to  hold  it  level.  Do  not  use  any  metal 
or  other  material,  for  this  purpose,  that  will 
make  a  noise  when  it  falls. 

Copy  3. 

This  is  our  first  exercise  in  joining  letters. 
It  is  the  equivalent  of  writing  words. 

The  u-space,  or  the  distance  between  the 
straight  lines  of  u,  is  the  one  referred  to  in 
the  statement  over  the  copy — that  the  dis- 
tance between  letters  is  one  and  one-fourth 
spaces. 

The  u-space  is  the  unit  of  measure  for  the 
widths  i>f  the  letters  and  spaces  between. 

Trace  Copy  3  with  top  of  penholder, 
counting  regularly  1 ,  2,  3,  4  ;  ] ,  2,  3,  4 ;  eto. 
After  tracing,  write  the  same  with  ink, 
until  yuu  can  form  and  join  u^s  and  w's  reg- 
ularly in  hight,  width,  and  spacing.  Re- 
member—  milBt  join  letters  by  a  sliding 
movement  ot  the  hand,  carried  forward  by 
the  power  of  the  lore-arm,  and  without  lift- 
ing the  pen. 

While  passing  through  thesomewhat  try- 
ing ordeal  of  maintaining  Ihecorrect  writing- 
position,  make  the  left-hand,  in  addition  to 
its  usual  duty  of  paper-holder,  act  as  ser- 
vant of  the  right-hand,  by  taking  the  pen- 
and  dipping  it  into  the  ink  and  returning  it 
to  place  into  the  riaht-hand.  The  advant- 
age of  this  is  obvious,  until  correct  peii- 
holding  becomes  a  fixed  habit. 

Referring  again  to  the  picture  of  the  liand- 
and-pen,  on  first  column  of  this  page,  you 
may  observe  a  ball  represented  iu  the  palm 
of  the  hand.  It  is  The  Zephyr  Ball, 
about  one  and  three-fourths  inches  iu  dia 
meter,  light,  soft  and  flexible. 

1  he  hall  is  a  very  good  reminder  of  the 
proper  position  of  the  third  and  fourth 
fingers.  It  does  not  iuterferc  with  the  ac- 
tion of  the  hand.  It  may  be  profitably  used 
by  any  one  who  is  endeavoring  to  secure  the 
correct  position,  in  any  and  all  writing, 
until  that  object  has  been  accnuiplished. 


Lesson  I.  in   Box  and  Package 

Marking. 

By  D.  T.  Ames. 

We  are  not  aware  that  there  has  liitherto 
been  made  any  efl'ort  to  give,  either  instruc- 
tion in,  or  examples  for.  box  and  package 
marking.  Certainly  there  has  beec  no  such 
instruction  in  any  of  our  penmen's  papers 
or  published  works  on  penmanship;  there' 
fore,  being  a  pioneer  in  this  particular  field 
of  "letters,"  we  may  lay  ourselves  open  ta 
just  criticism,  which  we  shall  meekly  receive, 
hoping  only  that  critic-S  will,  in  no  case, 
fail  to  offer  valuable  suggestions  for  the  cor- 
rection of  any  fault  or  shortcoming  they 
may  be  pleased  to  note. 

To  the  end  that  these  lessons  should  be 
as  thoroughly  practical  as  possible,  and  bear 
the  impress  of  authority,  we  have  visited 
several  of  tlie  leading  commercial  and  pub* 
lishiug  houses  of  this  city,  examined   the 


Btjlce  of  lettering,  jm- 
plemcDUi,  etc.,  em- 
ployed in  markioff, 
and  <\a\z7.eA  t)ie  pre- 
fiiding  geniuM*  of  the 
"ink-pot  and  bni»h." 
To  eDuinerale  the 
varied  styles  of  *'  High 
Art"  employed  in 
marking,  would  be  as 
impossible  m  it  would 
■be  uselew.  It  will  bo 
our   purpose   and 


tbci 


les- 


ooDS,   to  coinbiuo  the 
beet  resulta  of  the«c 
obflerrationa  with  our 
ideaa    of    the    proper   I 
•tylei  and  methods  for   j 
marking.     The  eaaon-    J 

lials  of  good  marking    ' 

—  like  writiug  —  are 
legibility  and  facility  of  execution.  To  secure 
fbew  resulia,  forms  of  letters  appropriate  and 
adapted  to  being  made  with  a  brush  or 
broad-pointed  pen  must  be  adopted.  In 
marking  wood  or  metallic  surfaces,  and  all 
large  packages,  a  brush  is  the  proper  im- 
plement to  use ;  for  smaller  parcels,  and 
eipecially  those  wrapped  in  paper,  a  broad 
pointed  pen  may  be  used  to  great  advautage. 

The  brushes  used  are  of  three  or  four 
different  sizes— flat,  and  varying  from  two  to 
five-eighths  of  an  inch  in  width.  A  flat 
brush  is  the  best,  as,  when  carried  edgewise, 
it  gives  a  thin  lino  ;  while,  flatwise,  the  broad 
•hades  are  readily  made  ;  regular  marking- 
Ink  should  be  used.  The  customary  form 
of  marking'pot  and  brush,  as  well  as  au  ex- 
aTDple  of  brushes  for  marking,  is  given  in 
the  illustration  on  this  page. 

The  stencil-plate  is  now  extensively  used 
for  iiiarking-purijosee;  especially  is  this  the 
ease  in  affixing  brands  and  classification  of 
goods;  and  also  the  names  and  addresses  of 
firms,  places,  etc.,  which  are  in  frequent  use, 
■are  cut  in  stencils,  which  greatly  improves 
iknd  facilitates  extensive  marking  operations. 

In  these  lessons  we  shall  present  two 
Myles  of  marking  alphabets  moat  commonly 
iised  for  markiug-purposes. 

The  Jirst,  and  that  given  herrwith,  is 
what  ia  known  as  the  Italic  ;  and  while  it 
may  be  made  with  facility  with  a  brush,  it 
is  best  adapted  for  use  with  a  broad  pen  and 
f(ir  marking  small  jiarcels. 

The  «eco«rf  will  be  the  Roman  direct  slant, 
and  especially  adopted  to  brush-work.  The 
two  styles,  and  the  manner  of  their  use,  are 
I>re8eiited  in  accompanying  cut. 

The  following  exercises  maybe  practiced, 
with    either  ii  bnmd  pen    or  brush.     After 

which  the  al|diabets  may  be  practiced  in  the 
(To  he  continued  ) 


A  Fine  Penman's  Will. 

Uv  Marv  E.  Martin. 
Bushrod  Carr  stood  looking  over  his  broad 
acres.  As  far  as  eye  could  reach,  and  far 
beyond,  the  woodlands  were  all  his;  and 
these  broad  acres  brought  him  vast  wealth. 
People  called  Buehrod  Carr  a  miser,  but  he 
was  not.  People  said  he  bad  no  heart,  but 
be  bad  a  heart  as  tender  and  true  as  a  wo- 
man's. He  bad  set  out  to  be  a  rich  man, 
and  he  liad  accomplished  it.  He  had  always 
wanted  what  waa  his,  but  no  more.  Honest 
)s,  and  all  these  years 
1  gotiiug  rich, that  wli 


thirst  in  his  throat, 
and  as  he  left  his  bed 
to  go  out  into  the  hall 
for  water,  a  vertigo 
seized  him.  He  groped 
in  vain  for  his  door  U> 
reach  his  bed.  Groped 
here,  groped  there, 
thinking  he  had  found 
the  door,  only  to  feel 
liis  hands  against  the 
blank  wall.  His  steps 
led  him  further  and 
furtlier  from  his  door, 


1  low 


Mary,  my  little  n 
just  once  before 
as  he  stood  on  hi 
that    his  days  m 

It    shall    all  be  yours, 
ece.  Oh,  if  I  could  see  you 
die ;  "  for  Buehrod  Carr, 
s  porch  that  morning,  felt 
ere    numbered.     He    was 

strong— stronger 

than     men     many    years 

had  he  been  i 


light  and  life  to  ulher  homes  be  had  i 
missed.  No  wife,  no  children  had  ever 
come  into  bis  house.  This  momiug  he 
missed  them.  A  strong  yearning  for  human 
cympathy  and  human  love  crept  over  him. 
Not  that  every  one  he  met  was  not  obse- 
quious enough — loo  much  so.  He  knew  that 
il  was  for  his  money  that  they  smiled  so 
sweetly;  that  it  was  for  bis  money  that  his 
ficheniing  bntther  had  tome  to  live  with  him 
ft  year  before.     "  But  they  shall  never  have 


busy  '  but 
gives     here 


younger;  but  he  turned  with  a  sigh  to  busi- 
ness when  he  saw  the  county  collector  of 
taxes  fasten  his  horse  at  the  gate  and  come 
into  the  yard,  fanning  himself,  as  he  came, 
with  his  broad  Palmetto  hat. 

"Warm  morning,  Mr.  Carr;  but  there 
isn't  a  man  in  the  county  that  I  would  rather 
ride  to  see." 

"Walk  in,  walk  in,  Mr.  Giddings;  I  am 
glad  to  see  you.  I  waa  just  wishing  for 
some  one  to  talk  with,  and  you  are  just  the 

Tbey  went  in  through  the  broad  hall,  and 
into  a  large,  cool  parlor,  and  sat  down  near 
a  window.  Bushrod  Carr  opened  his  desk, 
and  went  over  his  papers  with  the  collector, 
paying  over  and  receiving  receipts. 

"  Y(»u  write  a  beautiful  hand,  Mr.  Cnrr- 
just  like  a  copy-plate;  as  much  as  I  go 
around  the  county,  I  do  not  know  another 
man  that  writes  as  well." 

"  No,  Seth,  I  fancy  not,  and  I  have  not 
always  written  as  well.  It  has  just  been 
sixteen  years  ago  that  I  had  a  grand-niece, 
who  came  to  keep  house  for  me  a  year — the 
first  year  of  her  marriage.  Her  husband 
was  the  Methodist  minister  on  this  circuit, 
and  she  was  with  me  nearly  all  the  time. 
It  was  the  first  time  since  mother  died  that 
I  had  any  one  to  brighten  up  the  house.  I 
wish  I  had  never  let  her  go  from  nie;  but 
what  could  I  do ;  the  man  was  her  husband — 
a  brute  of  a  one  he  was — yet  she  had  to  go 
with  him.     She  persuaded  me  to  improve 

y  handwriting.  I  wrote  a  cramped  hand; 
the  long  Winter  evenings,  as  we  eat 
gether,  she  coaxed  me  into  trying.  I 
laughed  at  her;  I  said,  what  do  people  care, 
Mary,  if  my  writing  is  bad,  so  as  1  can  sign 
my  name  to  so  many  thousands.  'Oh,  but 
dear  uncle,' she  chirped,  'you  don't  know 
the  pleasure  there  is  in  the  c<»mmand  one 
learns  to  have  over  the  hand,'  and  she  ran 
up  to  her  room,  and  brought  down  to  me 
some  penmanship  from  famous  penmen.  To 
please  her  I  tried  to  improve,  often  asking 
her  about  finger-movement,  muscular-move- 
ment and  forearm -movement,  just  to  hear 


her  explain  them.  Seth,  she  was  the  purest 
type  of  womanhood  I  ever  knew.'' 

"  Yes,  I  remember  her,"  said  Seth.  "She 
seemed  almost  a  child  to  be  married." 

"Yes,  Seth,  she  was  then  only  sixteen, 
and  married  to  that  brute ;  but  I  will  show 
you  some  of  my  old  writing ;  and  Bushrod 
Carr  opened  a  secret  drawer  in  his  desk 
and  drew  out  a  will.  I  would  like  you  to 
see  the  difference  in  my  writing." 

Seth  leaned  over  and  looked  at  the  will. 
He  could  hardly  think  the  same  person 
could  have  written  that.  Seth  bsd  too 
much  native  delicacy  to  appear  to  wish  to 
read  the  will ;  but  Mr.  Carr  at  once  said: 

"  I  would  like  to  read  it  over  to  you, 
Seth  ;  it  does  not  satisfy  me,  and  I  intend  to 
make  a  change." 

Seth  leaned  back  in  his  chair — tilted 
against  the  window,  and  the  cool  breeze 
blowing  in  rustled  the  papers  in  the  old 
man's  hand  while  he  read  : 

"  '  I,  Bushrod  Carr,  do  bequeath  legacies 
to  a  few  of  my  friends  [naming  them].  To 
my  brother  John,  one  thousand  dollars,  and 
a  plantation  during  bis  life.  The  remainder 
to  go  to  the  heirs  of  Kichard  Carr.'  This 
is  not  signed,  Seth.     I  am  going  to  make 


And  Mr.  Carr  folded  the  paper  and  put  it 
hack  in  the  desk.  Seth  brought  his  chair 
down  hard,  looked  at  his  watch,  shook 
hands  with  Mr.  Carr,  and  the  two  men 
parted.  Why  could  it  not  have  been  differ- 
ent? Why  could  he  not  have  written  out 
the  will  and  let  Seth  see  him  sign  it  t 
So  much  that  waa  painful  might  have  been 
saved. 

Bushrod  Carr  turned  slowly  hack  from 
the  door,  went  to  the  desk  and  wrote  out  a 
new  will.  With  the  same  legacies,  the  same 
to  hie  brother,  hut  the  remainder  to  his 
grand-niece,  Mary  Hamilton.  Just  as  he 
had  finished,  but  not  yet  signed  it,  Ephraim 
Clay,  the  overseer,  stood  in  the  doorway, 

"  I  am  sorry  to  disturb  you,  Mr.  Carr, 
but  the  threshing-machine  is  broken,  and 
one  of  the  hands  says  that  you  can  tell  ua 
how  to  fix  it." 

He  quickly  locked  the  desk  and  went  out 
with  him.  Being  too  long  in  the  sun  that 
day  had  given  Bushrod  Carr  a  high  fever, 
and  in  the  night  he  awoke  with  a  burning 


the  stairs  with  i 
railing.  One  blind 
grasp,  and  headlong  he 
fell — down,  down  the 
stairs,  and  lay  a  heap 
;  ou  the  floor.  The  noise 
brought  Ephraim  Clay 
the  hall  from  one  of  the 
rooms  below.  They  could  plainly  see  his 
form  on  the  floor. 

"  Bring  a  light,  Ephraim,"  said  his  wife, 
"  I  know  he  must  be  dead." 

"No,  I  am  not  dead,"  Mr.  Carr  called 
out,  "hut  brine  a  light,  and  help  me  up."' 

With  that  great  strength  of  uerve  that 
had  carried  the  man  through  so  many  years, 
he  walked  up  the  stairs  and  laid  down  on 
his  bed — but  never  to  get  up  again.  A  few 
days  of  intense  suffering  and  be  was  dying. 
Dr.  Lathrop  said  to  him :  "  Mr.  Carr,  if 
you  have  any  business  to  settle,  you  had 
better  do  it;  you  can  have  but  a  few 
hours  to  live." 

Mr.  Carr  answered,  quietly :  "  I  have  none 
but  my  will  to  sign." 

John  Carr  was  standing  at  the  foot  nf  the 
bed.  What  a  gleam  of  triumph  shot  from  his 
eyes,  and  under  his  breath  he  fairly  hissed 
to  himself,  "You  will  never  sign  it."  All 
these  years  of  waiting  and  watching,  to  lose 
all  now.  Stepping  to  the  side  of  the  bed,  as 
the  doctor  left,  John  Carr  said:  "You 
spoke  of  your  will,  Bushrod,  what  have 
you  left  me  f  " 

"Enough  to  keep  you,"  the  dying  man 
answered.  "  I  have  helped  you  all  your 
life,  John." 

"  What  have  you  left  my  son  ?  " 

"Not  one  cent,  John;  be  has  hurt  me 
enough  in  the  past." 

John  Carr  tuned,  deliberately  lifted  the 
pillow  under  the  dyitig  man's  head,  and 
took  his  keys  from  beneath. 

"John,  brother,"  he  begged,  "give  me 
back  my  keys.    Don't  rob  me  before  1  die." 

In  vain  ho  asked.  John  Carr  did  not 
allow  anyone  to  see  Bushrod  alone  after 
that,  and  if  lie  asked  for  his  keys,  John  Carr 
bemoaned  the  fact  that  his  brother  was 
delirious.     In  a   few  hours  Bushrod   Carr 

At  the  same  hour,  in  ; 
city,  a  lady  awoke  from  : 
Something  unusual  to  her, 
turbed  her.  She  thought,  in  going  down  a 
broad  road  she  mot  ayoung  man  in  uniform, 
yet  not  a  soldier ;  a  message  he  gave  her 
caused  her  to  take  refuge  in  a  house  on  the 
road-side.  Opening  the  door,  the  family 
graciously  came  forward  to  meet  tier.  Two 
men,  first;  and  in  front, two  little  girla.  Be- 
fore she  had  closed  the  door,  one  opposite 
opened,  and  an  old  man  entered  ;  his  steps 
were  quick  and  hasty.  Years  had  passed 
since  she  had  seen  him 
cbauges  ;  but  she  knew  hi 
"  What  are  you  doing  herel  " 

In  the  old,  quick,  business  way  that  was 
her,  he  said,  pointine  to  one 
'  I  want  my  money  from  that 


ot  far  distant 
oubled  sleep. 


,  and   there  were 
n,  and  exclaimed : 


of  th. 


Taking  her  by  the  hand,  he  then  led  her 
from  the  room.  She  went  with  him  across  the 
road  and  into  his  house.  Yes,  she  knew  it 
well — the  cool  parlor,  the  open  desk.  They 
sat  down  by  the  window.  After  that,  all  waa 
misty ;  she  could  not  remember.  But  the 
dream  troubled  her  ;  so,  smoothing  her  hair 
down,  and  bathing  her  face,  she  went  down 
to  join  h-r  family.  Some  days  after,  her 
father  handed  to  her  the  daily  paper,  saying  : 


'WS^vw 


"  I  B«e  ibat  Busbrod  Cair  h  dead."  Then 
she  koevr  what  the  dream  meant.  She  wrote 
at  once  to  thp  county  where  Bushrod  Carr 
had  dir-d,  to  know  what  will  he  had  left. 
Th(>  executor  wrote  back  that  an  old  will 
had  been  faund.  and  if  a  later  will  could 
be  proveu,  tbia  wtmld  be  set  aside,  and 
John  Carr  would  inherit  everything.  Mrs. 
Hamilton,  the  grand-niece  of  Mr.  Carr,  then 
induced  some  of  her  relatives  to  go  up  and 
aee  if  her  mother  would  not  slmre  equally 
with  Mr.  John  Carr.  They  quickly  tele- 
graphed back  that  a  deed  would  be  drawn 
up,  and  an  equal  division  made  if  all  relatives 
wt.uld  sign.  An  Mrs.  Hamilton  read  the 
diepiitch,  and  was  about  to  sign  the  boy's 
book,  there  was  something  strangely  famil- 
iar about  the  young  man.  The  dispatch- 
boy — yes;  it  wa«  he  that  she  had  met  in  her 
dreain. 

All  were  gathered  in  the  parlor — executor, 
lawyers,  notary  and  relatives — to  the  signing 
of  the  deed.  As  the  executor  read  over  the 
deed,  an  item  of  which  waa,  that  if  a  later 
will  was  ever  found  it  would  not  be  used.  Just 
there  he  stopped,  and  told  them  the  circum- 
sUnce  as  Seth  Giddiugs  had  told  it— of  his 
seeing  and  hearing  the  present  will  read, 
and  urged  this  as  a  reason  that  there  could 
not  be  another.  The  notary  called  out  the 
names,  and  each  signed  :  but  when  he  called 
out  "Mary  Hamilton,"  she  replied,  very 
firmly,  "  I  will  not  sign."  What  a  quick 
look  of  surprise  and  eager  wonder  chased 
itself  over  the  face  of  John  Carr's  lawyer, 
and  as  quickly  it  closed  over  everything  that 
oould  be  read  in  it,  but  not  too  quickly  tor 
Mrs.  Hamilton  to  know  that  there  was 
another  will,  and  in  her  own  favor,  and  that 
he  knew  both  facts.  At  onre  she  deter- 
mined to  go  to  her  uncle's  old  home,  and 
never  rest  till  the  other  will  waa  found. 
Ephraim  Clay's  wife  gladly  welcomed 
her,  and  almost  the  first  words  she  said, 
were  :  "  Mary,  I  kuuw  that  there  is  an- 
other will,  and  everything  is  left  to 
you."  "Well,  Betsy,  my  old  friend,  if 
it  is  not  destroyed  I  shall  find  it,  for  I 
believe  the  same."  After  dinner,  she  went 
into  the  old  parior  alone.  She  sat  down  by 
the  open  window,  just  as  she  had  sat  in 
her  dream.  All  was  not  misty  now,  for 
sliehiid  not  sat  many  minutes,  with  her  eyes 
piercing  eagerly  around,  before  she  saw 
peeping  plainly  enough  beneath  the  edge  of 
the  carpet,  a  tiny  scrap  of  paper.  It  was 
the  work  of  a  moment  to  draw  it  from  its 
hiding-place— the  last  place  any  one  would 
have  thought  to  look,  and  yet  easily  found 
if  the  deed  had  been  signed.  Mrs.  Hamilton 
opened  it.  Her  uncle's  familiar  writing, 
and  it  was  a  will  leaving  all  to  lier. 

She  had  Ephraim  Clay  summou  the  ex- 
ecutor and  lawyers  again.  John  Carr  raved 
that  It  was  a  bogus  will,  and  his  lawyer  de- 
fian.ly  told  her  that  she  must  prove  it  to 
be  a  later  will.  The  executor  said:  "Mrs. 
Hamilton,  I  wish  to  do  justice ;  and  if  you 
can  prove  this  to  be  a  later  will— which  for 
a  moment  I  don't  think  you  can — then  it  is 

She  stood  there  in  the  center  of  that  par- 
lor, holding  the  new  found  will  in  her  hand; 
and  grouped  about  the  window  were  the 
men  of  law  and  shr-  wdness.  What  could  she 
do  to  cope  with  them  I  Only  Setli  Giddings, 
standing  with  his  elbow  on  the  mantel,  gave 
her  a  pitying  glance.  Suddenly,  so  close  to 
her  ear  that  it  seemed  almost  human,  a  voice 
■aid  :  "  The  old  writing  aud  the  new." 

Why  had  she  not  thought  of  that  before  T 
She  turned,  and  said  to  the  executor,  "  Will 
you  let  me  see  the  will  that  waa  tiret  found; 
I  have  only  heard  it  read." 

When  she  went  forward  to  take  it  on« 
glance  was  enough.  "  My  uncle,  sir,  has 
not  written  a  hand  like  that  for  sixteen 
years.  You  know  that,  Mr.  Giddings. 
Have  you  no  receipts  sigoed  by  my  uncle  t" 
Setli  drew  them  out,  signed  in  the  same 
b'^autiful  band  as  the  will.  She  had  won— 
but  only  what  was  hers. 


["hoc 


1  belongs  to  achievement,  and 
not  to  aipiration  ;  to  the  maturity  of  a  noble 
•areer,  and  not  to  its  ju' 


Kducational  Notes. 

for  thia  Department  may 

"     .LEY.'20.T  Kruadway, 

ional  items  BoliciterL] 

The  average  sum  appnipriated  for  the 
education  of  each  child  in  Massachusetts  has 
increased  from  $4.71  a  year  in  1850  to 
$13.55  in  1880. 

The  total  number  of  students  in  attend- 
ance at  the  Business  Colleges  in  the  United 
States  during  the  past  year  is  estimated  at 
upwards  of  30,000. 

A  Belgian  statistician  has  ccmiputed  that, 
for  every  thirty-three  cents  which  the  gov- 
ernments of  Europe  spend  upon  the  educa- 
tion of  the  people,  they  devote  $103.80  to 
military  expenses. 

At  a  recent  examination  in  Peking,  a 
Chinese  boy  performed  the  almost  incredible 
feat  of  repeating  the  whole  New  Testament 
without  missing  a  single  word. — JV.  0. 
ChrisUan  Advocate. 

The  Western  States,  taken  together,  have 
been  expending  for  their  public  schools  an 
annual  sum  of  $3(i,2!)2,402.  They  have  a 
total  school-population  of  5,.')90,075.— iV. , 
0.  Christian  AdvocaU. 

At  the  prize-speaking  at  Amherst  College 
the  honors  for  the  freshman  class  were  fairly 
carried  off  by  Brooks,  a  colored  young  man 
who  spoke  with  feeling  and  good  taste,  and 
reflected  credit  on  his  race. 

Miss  Louisa  Howard,  of  Burlington,  Ver- 
mont, evidently  despairing  of  ever  being 
married  or  having  descendants  of  her  own, 
has  given  $5,000  to  the  University  of  Ver- 
ment,  for  the  establishment  of  five  scholar- 
ships to  be  known  by  her  name. —  Washing- 
ton Capital. 

Mayor  Wilson,  of  New  Bedford,  gave 
some  homely  advice  to  the  graduating  class 
of  the  high  school,  telling  the  boys  that  a 
trade  was  a  desirable  acquirement,  aud  the 
girls  that  housework  ought  to  he  included  in 
their  accomplishments.  Some  of  the  boys 
and  the  girls  listened  with  manifest  scorn. 
Modern  Argo. 

Girls  are  being  taught  how  to  make 
bread,  roast  coffee,  boil  meats,  etc.,  along 
with  their  regular  studies,  in  the  Iowa  Agri- 
cultural College.  This  is  common  sense. 
Every  girl  should  know  such  things,  whether 
in  rich  or  in  poor  circumstances.  The  laws 
of  health  should  likewise  be  taught  them. — 
I'atron^s  Guide. 

The  Czar  of  Russia  has  given  his  consent 
to  convert  seventeen  imperial  palaces  into 
institutions  of  learning.  These  palaces  \vi\\, 
of  course,  be  used  for  higher  schools,  while 
nothing  is  done  for  the  improvement  of 
popular  education.  Russia  has  a  school 
population  of  15,000,000,  and  the  number 
of  children  in  primary  schools  is  a  little  over 

It  is  announced  that  Mr.  Paul  Tulaue,  of 
Princeton,  N.  J.,  has  given  to  New  Orleans 
$2,000,000  worth  of  property  in  the  latter 
city,  for  the  erection  and  endowment  of  a 
college.  Mr.  Tulane  is  by  no  meaus  im- 
poverished by  this  handsome  gift.  He  is  a 
•bachelor,  over  eighty  years  of  age,  and  has 
not  been  actively  engaged  in  business  for  a 
quarter  of  a  century.— jifodem  Argo. 

The  population  of  the  principal  cities  of 
Italy  is,  according  to  the  returns  of  the  last 
census,  as  follows:  Naples,  4i)3,115;  Ui- 
lan,  S^l.e;^;  Rome,  300,467 ;  Turin,  252,- 
832;  Palermo,  244.971;  Genoa,  179,515; 
Florence,  169,001;  Venice,  132,826;  Mes- 
sina, 126,497  ;  Bologna,  123,274 ;  Catania, 
100,417;  Leghorn,  97,615;  Ferrara,  75,- 
553;  Padua,  72,174;  Verona,  68,741; 
Lucca,  68,063;  and  Alessandria,  62,464. — 
School  Journal. 

At  the  recently  held  examinations  for  ad- 
mission to  th«  free  college  of  this  city  the 
girls  came  out  ahead.  Seventy-five  was  the 
lowest  average  grade  of  merit  allowed.  Six 
hundred  and  sixty  girls  out  of  the  total  nine 
hundred  reached  the  minimum  (71  percent.), 
whereas  only  48  per  cent,  of  the  boya  were 
able  to    pass  the  examination.     One  girl  I 


reachc-d  an  average  of  i't.  i'-n;;,  .v  i..^ 
same  questions  were  given  to  both  sexes. 
This  may  be  intellectual  inferiority,  but  it 
docs  not  look  like  ix.— Fashion  Cmtrier. 

Public  schools  are  increasing  fast  in  num- 
ber in  Bengal.  For  the  past  year  there,  was 
a  total  gain  of  8,131  schools,  with  107,457 
pupUs.  It  appears  from  the  census  returns 
that  out  of  5,100,000  boys  of  school  age, 
more  thau  I  in  6  was  in  school ;  the  pro- 
portion for  girls  was  about  1  in  150.  Of 
the  total  number  of  schools,  303  were  Gov- 
ernment institutions,  teaching  20,775  pupils ; 
40,490  were  aided  schools,  teaching  777,- 
173;  and  6,714  uuaideti  schools,  having  a 
total  of  121,541  pupils.  Of  the  107,457  new 
pupils,  51,000  were  Mohammedans. 

The  question  whether  education  lessens 
the  chances  of  obtaining  husbands,  or  makes 
young  ladies  too  fastidious  in  their  choice, 
has  been  seriously  raised  by  the  record  kept 
of  the  marriages  and  deaths  of  the  Hartford 
high  school  graduates.  Of  134  maidens 
graduated  at  the  average  age  of  eighteen  in 
1877,  1878,  1879,  and  1880,  only  two  have 
married.  Of  the  total  number  of  447  female 
graduates  of  this  school  since  1856,  a  period 
of  twenty-five  years,  only  147  have  got  mar- 
ried and  twenty-five  have  died,  leaving  275 
old  maids. — School  Journal. 

This  satirical  paragraph  Is  from  TJie 
liuchcster  Union:  "It  may  be  added  for 
the  information  of  the  taxpayers  who  are 
called  upon  for  $200,000  this  year  to  sup- 
port tlie  public  schools  of  Rochester,  that 
not  one  cent  of  this  money  is  squandered 
upon  the  teaching  of  writing.  The  levy 
covers  a  handsome  sum  for  the  teaching  of 
natural  sciences,  and  drawing,  and  German, 
and  so  forth,  but  nothing  is  wasted  on  wri- 
ting. This  study,  or  practice,  which  used 
to  be  considered  an  essential  with  reading 
and  arithmetic,  has  become  obsolete  in  the 
public  schools.  Why  its  two  ancient  ac- 
companiments have  uot  gone  with  it  is  one 
(if  those  mysteries  of  progress  not  easy  to 
fathom." 


Educational  Fancies. 

A  geucalogist  is  like  a  grammarian  in  one 
respect ;  he  ia  always  looking  up  the  ante- 
cedents of  his  relatives. 

Teacher :  "  For  what  is  Missouri  noted  ?  " 
Student:  "  For  its  Mo.  lasses."  Teacher; 
"Duu'tgive  us  taffy!" 

It  is  noted  by  a  philologist  that  "pos- 
sesses" possesses  morti  sa  than  any  other 
common  word  possesses. 

Why  is  a  hickory  sprout  in  the  hands  of 
an  angry  teacher  like  a  verbt  Because  it 
denotes  action. — I'eacker's  Guide. 

In  one  lot  there  are  four  calves,  and  in  an- 
other two  young  men  with  their  hair  parted 
in  the  center.     How  many  calves  in  all  f 

Why  was  the  pupil  of  the  pretty  school 
ma'am  « ho  proposed  that  he  give  thii  de- 
clension of  the  proiiouus  an  uugallaut  youth  f 
Because  ho  declined  her. 

Very  Nrarly. — Aunty:  "You  go  to 
school, Charley?"  Charley :"  Yes."  Auntie; 
"  You  don't  play  the  truant?"  Charley:  No; 
but  I'm  learuin'  the  piauuer." 

Professor:  "Can  you  tell  me  the  mean- 
ing of  the  slang  expres8i<m  'Cheese  it,' 
which  you  just  now  used?"  Student: 
"Yes,  it  is  a  oorniption  of  'Don't  give  it 

"  What  do  you  understand  the  national 
fishery  question  to  be  f "  asked  a  teacher  of 
a  class, well  np  in  governmental  affairs.  "It 
is  have  you  got  a  bite,"  auswered  a  squeak- 


ing i 


I  the  c 


Tlie  Rev.  Dr.  Crosby,  of  New  York  city, 
has  put  in  a  plea  for  co-education  of  the 
sexes  in  the  university  of  this  city.  The 
doctor  was  evidently  a  university  student 
himself  once. — Peck's  Sun. 

If  six  men  who  talk  politics  and  dispute 
on  biblical  questions  can  build  a  wall  in  five 
days,  how  long  will  it  take  two  men  who 


iiiatie  aud  tlirt  with  the  widow  c 
jr  to  do  the  same  work  ? 


I  the  c 


A  little  boy,  whose  parents  are  always 
moving  from  one  house  to  another,  waa 
asked  by  the  Sunday-school  teacher,  "  Why 
did  the  Israelites  move  out  of  Egypt  t "  Be- 
cause they  couldn't  pay  their  rent,"  was  the 

A  freshman  who  expected  to  be  hazed 
hired  a  prize-tighter  to  sleep  in  his  room, 
aud  two  professors  who  called  to  talk  re- 
ligion to  him  got  such  a  walloping  that  they 
were  obliged  to  stay  in  bed  for  a  week. — 
Minneapolis  Weekly. 

A  good  joke  is  told  on  a  Boston  editor, 
who  wrote  a  letter  discharging  a  corres- 
pondent because  he  "  wrote  so  wretchedly." 
His  letter  had  to  be  returned  to  the  Boston 
office,  because  nobody  could  be  fiuind  able 
to  read  the  contents. — Minneapolis  Weekly. 

Instructor  iu  Latin :  "  Miss  B.,  of  what 
was  Ceres  goddess  t "  Miss  B. :  "  She  was 
the  goddess  of  marriage."  Instructor:  ''Oh, 
no;  of  agriculture."  Miss  B.  {looking  per- 
plexed); "Why,  I'm  sure  my  book  says 
she  was  the  goddess  of  husbandry." — Our 
Continent. 

A  little  girl  of  seven  exhibited  much  dis- 
quiet at  hearing  of  a  new  exploring  ex- 
pedition. When  asked  why  she  should  care 
about  it,  she  said:  "If  they  discover  any 
more  countries,  that  will  add  to  the  geogra- 
phy I  have  to  study.     There  are  countries 

"How  many  tenses  are  there?"  asked 
the  teacher  of  a  boy.  "  Seven,"  answered 
the  boy;  "  the  present,  the  perfec,  the  im- 
perfect, the  pluperfect,  the  first  future,  the 
second  future  and  the  OseaiWilde."  "Why," 
asked  she,  "  what  tense  is  he?"  "Oh,"  re- 
plied the  boy,  "  he's  iuteuse." 

Parson  :  "  I  wish  to  complain,  Mrs.  Dig- 
gins,  of  the  conduct  of  your  daughter  at  the 
Sunday-school  to-day;  it  was  rude  in  the 
extreme."  Mrs.  D. :  "  Ah,  ir's  what  taches 
her  at  that  theer  board  school  as  dun  it; 
yesterday  she  come  home,  aud  she  says, 
'  Mother,  they  are  a-taching  of  me  vulgar 
fraxshuns.'  What  can  you  expex  after  that, 
sir?" 

A  boy  paid  his  first  visit  to  the  country 
school  as  a  scholar,  the  other  day,  and  as 
he  came  home  sit  night  his  motlier  inquired  : 
"Well, "Henry,  how  do  you  like  going  to 
school?"  "Bully!  "he  replied,  in  an  ex- 
cited voice.  "  I  saw  four  boys  licked,  and 
one  girl  get  her  ear  pulled,  and  I  don't  want 
to  miss  a  day  for  anything." — St.  Louis 
Ledger. 

A  new  sub-ordor  of  odd-toed  ungulatea, 
or  hoofed  quadrupeds,  named  Coudylarlhra, 
has  been  proposed  and  extended  by  Prof. 
Cope  to  include  early  tertiary  mamn.al8 
constituting  two  families,  the  Phenacondon- 
tide  and  Mcnisc.i  therudFe.— The  Critic. 
This  news  greatly  relieves  us.  We  have 
long  suspected  that  this  would  have  to  be 
done,  and  are  much  pleased  to  have  our 
suspicions  confirmed  in  the  above  man- 
ner.— Harvard  Lampoon. 

i  In  everpr  inntance  where  the  source  of  any 
ilpm  UH«d  m  iliis  dvjmrMiient  is  known,  thv 
priiper  credit  is  giveu.  A  like  couriesy  from 
orhurs  will  be  appreciated.] 


Some  Querr  Superscriptions. — "  E. 
R.,  a  cook  as  lived  tempery  with  a  Mrs.  L., 
or  some  such  name,  a  shoe-maker  in  Castle 
Street,  about  No.  —  Hoberu,  in  1851.  Try 
to  make  this  out.  She  is  a  Welch  person 
about  5  feet  1  aioutish.  Lives  in  service 
some  ware  in  London."  "  This  is  for  her 
that  makes  dresses  for  ladies,  that  Hva  at 
tother  side  of  rode  to  James  Brocklip^Eden- 
sover,  Chesterfield."  "This  is  for  the  young 
girl  that  wears  spectacles,  who  minds  two 
babies.  3tt  Sherif  Street,  off  Prince  Edward 
Street,  Liverpool."  The  wag  who  sent  an 
epistle  to  "  The  biggest  fool  in  the  world, 
Tunbridge,"  had  little  thought,  we  may  be 
sure,  that  it  would  thus  be  indorsed  :  "  The 
Post-master  of  Tunbridge  cannot  decide  to 
whom  he  should  deliver  this,  as  he  does 
not  know  the  writer." — Chambers's  Joumai, 


'^^s«>2?^: 


Shattered  Romance. 
Bv  Paul  Pastnob. 


uMd  to  holloo  hia  f 

ock-.'oal  aiTiM  ft  i>««:«nil  b«» 

«r»  lhr»*  inoolh*  hi 

wl  |«tw«l  uwajr  cWn-d»ep  In 

WMb* 

lb  }rut  lb*  prvtllMl  0 

f  glfl^hrr  iuui>0  11  WM  Man 

^b  rb«fmlD(  liiil«  1* 

„,./Lhad-.ucb^...H. 

»«y  (Tlaow  «f  hrr  i> 

wMl»y«  and  dimple  of  her  fi 

u  couldn't  poMlblyi 

KMIM  imharmwd  from  >ucb  «  ■ 

M.Hoa^to.hy. 

blm-d««nlh.iladluu.HL.le 

nohoir.  hrr  oopy  um. 

d  to  n««d  n  light  of  wfttching'. 

J  I«««r  bad  A  Iwkward  llll.  IMt  (bade  would  d 

« 

TO 

Hlirnya  cHmo  without  AmUif,  and  itAytd  lUl  some 

d  him  that  tliera  WM  fnioibervd  tna  taaong  the  girli 
luid  boyi. 

O, 

.  d«y  U  »bAh««l  .l,»l  M»,1.-.  p.  wf  Oh  hi.  ™y  to 

A, 

d  aoo   how    tblDjfi  were   galUog   oo.    'ooalh   Invin 

No 

VI. 
r,  Imin.  on  hie  cureful  rouadi.  hnd  oome  to  Marie's 

Ao 

d  «  ha  bon,  to  «.n  bcr  work,  .he  looked  .o  nic  n„d 

So 

iioirny— he  couldn't  iiiille   t«ll  bow— their   lips  Ju»l 

Lll 

»  lightning  i„  li  thunderatorp,  or  cloud.  1..  pleasant 

against  a  truth  (that  maDy  QQCODScioasly 
do)  anJ  w.intnit  the  fatal  error  of  unintel- 
ligent practice  that  growfi  oniioary  results, 
and  ultimately" will^defeat  the  sanguine. 

To  succeed  in  any  undertakiujt;,  every  pos- 
sible advantage  muf<t  he  secured.  If  a  watch 
keeps  perfect  time  it  must  he  true  in  all  its 
parts.  One  imperfection  will,  in  time,  work 
disaster. 

If  you  would  reach  the  highest  ideal  in 
the  production  of  capitaOettera,  you  must 
submit  each  part  of  the  law  to  a  technical 
test  ere  its  full  force  can  he  reached. 

Analogous  reasoning  will  prove  to  the 
most  skeptical  that  there  is  a  "  philosophy 
<if  motion  "  or  "sleight-of-hand"  in  the 
highest  order  of  execution  in  capital  letters. 

That  a  capital  letter  can  be  produced  with- 
out any  "philosophy  of  motion''  is  no 
argument  disqualify iog  my  statement,  any 
more  than  jumping   without    moving  the 


ment  lal» 

mid  liM  itiak,  irltb  rouuy  a  luity 

bcattug  u 

ut  tliu  itmtevl  dujt  from  IrtHa  1 

buck. 

VIU, 

ulgblttc 

»M  the  pasture  fonoe,  anioeu  by 

oyo. 

hnplPM  lo 

vera  <lro]it  tbeir  teara,  and  kUiad 

goort.by. 

a  but  Uia 

t  (buy  ahiiuld  ported  be)    love't 

riviu  hadu 

t  nfty  .^r.la.  and  dared  not  duo  ih 

Programme  "C." 

Philosoi'Iiv  or  Motion — Article  7. 

Hy  C.  H.  Peirce. 

For  a  full  exposition  of  the  "  Philosophy 
of  Motion,"  see  Dec  Joornal,  1881,  Pro- 
gramme "  B."  What  was  said  of  it  in  that 
cnunectiou  is,  witiiout  the  shadow  of  an 
exception,  perfectly  applicable  lu  this  pro- 
gramme. However,  I  cannot  pass  it  with- 
out insisting  upon  Ita  importance  aa  a  cou- 
npctiug  link  botwcfln  the  motive  power  in 
Extended  Movements  and  the  result,  as  seen 
in  Capital  Letters. 

I  do  afllnn,  ami  let  no  one  mUunderstand 
me,  that  the  highest  order  of  execution,  em- 
bodied iu  any  capital  letter,  of  a  purely 
wh.do-artii  or  forearm  nature,  depends  on 
the  "  IMiilosopliy  uf   Motion." 

Some  one  may  ask  :  "  la  the  philosophy  of 
motion  the  same  in  all  capitals  f"  Most 
certainly  not. 

Eiamph.~lQ  the  execution  of  the  stand- 
ard capitals— say,  A  and  J,  or  any  others 
that  lire  opp«8ite.«i  in  coustructiou— the  4ih 
principle  of  the  Motion  undergoes  a  change. 
The  fact  that  tho  stem  of  A  has  much  less 
curve  than  the  first  part  of  J  is  prot.f  positive 
that  the  motion  which  leads  to  each  is  dis- 

Phoop  of  the  Philosophy  op  Motion. 

Attempt  a  standing  jump,  with  the  hest 
results,  without  moving  the  arms,  and  any 
school-boy  will  predict  failure. 

The  anus  must  move  with  perfect  free- 
dom, or,  in  other  words,  the  Philosophy  of 
Motion  must  ho  enacted  that  the  \ery  best 
results  may  he  gained. 

D^mtion—TU  Philosophy  of  Motion 
ii  an  applioation  of  mechanioal  force,  which 
operates  in  conforu.ity  with  certain  laws. 

To  ignore  these  laws,  and  expect  or  hope 
luJis,  is  to  shut  our  eyes 


The  point  is,  simply:  Can  the  highest 
order  of  execution  he  reached  without  the 
"philosophy  of  motion"?  or  in  other 
words  J  Can  a  (standing)  jump  be  made 
as  far  and  with  equal  grace  and  ease 
without  aa  with  moving  the  arms  f  Most 
emphatically,  No. 

The  intuitive  nature  that  our  hest  pen- 
men possess  brings  them  to  the  attainment 
of  resulta  without  knowing  the  reasons 
why  ;  and  the  want  of  it  leaves  the  world  at 
large  to  cry  "  We  are  doomed  I''  because  we 
have  no  natural  talent. 

True-teaching  power  must  supply  every 
link  in  the  chain,  if  the  mass  he  led  to  a 
successful  termination. 

A  little  natural  reasoning,  ur,  better  still, 
a  development  of  brain-power  into  a  sensi- 
ble diagnosis  of  the  case,  will  produce — 
other  things  considered — hosts  of  natural 
penmen. 

Is  it  not  true  that  every  science  and  art 
have  acknowledged  leaders  t  And  is  it 
deemed  presumptuous  if  they  attempt  an 
explanation  of  new  theories  that  come  with 
every  age  and  are  indicative  of  progress? 

Let  the  proper  construction  be  placed 
upon  it,  and  rather  say  :  It  is  a  duty  they 
owe  to  their  day  and  generation,  in  order 
that  success  may  come  to  all. 

(To  be  continued.) 


for  the   best 


Intensely  Utter. 

The  daughter  of  a  Rockland  man,  who 
has  grown  comfortably  well-oti'  in  the  small 
grocery  line,  was  sent  away  to  a  "  female  col- 
lege," and  arrived  home  for  vacation.  Thf) 
old  man  was  in  attendance  at  the  depot  when 
the  train  arrived,  with  the  old  horse  and  the 
delivery  wagon,  to  convey  his  daughter  and 
her  trunk  to  the  house.  When  the  train 
had  stopped,  a  bewitching  array  of  dry-goods 
and  a  wide-brimmed  hat  dashed  from  the 
car  and  flung  itself  into  the  elderly  party's 

"Why,  you  superlative  pa!"  she  ex- 
claimed, "  I'm  80  utterly  glad  to  see  you  !  " 

The  old  man  was  somewhat  unnerved  hy 
the  greeting,  hut  he  recognized  the  sealskin 
cloak  as  the  identical  piece  of  property  he 
had  paid  for  with  the  hay  mare,  and  he  sort 
of  Btjuat  it  up  in  his  arms,  and  planted  a 
kiss  where  it  would  do  the  most  good,  with 
a  report  that  sounded  above  the  roar  of 
the  noise  of  the  depot.  In  a  brief  space  of 
time  the  trunk  with  its  attendant  baggage 
were  loaded  into  the  wagon,  which  was  soon 
bumping  along  over    the   hubbies   toward 

"  Pa,  dear,"  said  the  young  miss,  survey- 
ing the  team  with  a  critical  eye,  "  do  you 
consider  this  quite  excessively  beyond?" 

"  Hey  f  returned  the  old  man,  with  a 
puzzled  air,  "  quite  excessively  what  i 
Beyond  Warren !  I  consider  it  some  what 
about  ten  miles  beyond  Warren,  countin' 
from    the  Bath  way,  if   that's   what    you 

"Oh  no,  pa,  you  don't  understand  me," 
the  daughter  explained  ;  "  I  mean  this  horse 
and  wagon.  Do  you  think  they  are  sonl- 
lult— do  you  think  they  could  be  studied 
apart  in  the  light  of  a  symphony,  or  even  a 


simple  poem,  anil  appear  so  intensely  utter 
to  one  on  returning  home  as  one  could  ex- 

The  old  man  twisted  uneasily  in  his  seat 
and  muttered  something  like  that  he  be- 
lieved it  uspd  to  be  used  for  an  expresa- 
waeon  before  he  boucht  it  to  deliver  pork 
in ;  but  the  conversation  appeared  to  b« 
traveling  in  snch  a  lonesome  direction,  that 
he  fetched  the  horse  a  resounding  crack  on 
the  rotunda,  and  the  severe  iolting  over  the 
frozen  ground  prevented  further  remarks- 

"  Oh,  there  is  that  lovely  and  consummate 
ma  ! "  screamed  the  returned  coUegiaiess,  as 
they  drove  up  to  the  door.  Presently  she 
was  lost  in  the  embrace  of  a  motherly  wo- 
man in  spectacles. 

"  Well,  Maria,"  said  the  old  man  at  the 
supper-table,  as  he  nipped  a  piece  of  butter 
ofl"  the  lump  with  his  own  knife,  "and  how 
do  you  like  your  school  ?" 

"  Well,  there,  pa,  now  you  shou — I  mean 
I  consider  it  lar  too  beyond,"  replied  the 
daughter.  "  It  is  unquenchahly  ineffable. 
The  girls  are  so  sumptuously  stunning  —  I 
mean  grand— rso  exquisite — so  intense.  And 
then  the  parties,  the  balls,  the  rides — oh,  the 
past  weeks  have   been   one  sublime   har- 

"I  s'pose  so — I  s'pose  so"  nervously  as- 
sented the  old  man  as  he  reached  for  bis 
third  cup,  "half  full," — "hut  how  about 
hooks  —  readiu',  writiu',  grammar,  rule  o' 
three — how  about  themf  " 

"  Prt,  don't ! "  exclaimed  the  daughter,  re- 
proachfully; "the  rule  of  three!  grammar! 
It  is  French,  and  music,  and  painting  and  the 
divine  art  that  has  made  my  school-life  the 
bos— I  mean  they  have  rendered  it  one  un- 
broken flow  of  rhythmic  bliss  —  incom- 
parably and  exquisitely  all  but !  " 

The  grocery-man  and  bis  wife  looked 
helplessly  at  each  other  across  the  table. 
After  a  lonesome  pause  the  old  lady  said : 
"  How  do  you  like  these  biscuits,  Mary  f  " 
"  They  are  too  utter  for  anything,"  gnshed 
the  accomplished  young  lady,  "  and  this 
plum  preserve  is  simply  a  poem  in  itself." 
The  old  man  abruptly  rose  from  the  table 
and  went  out  of  the  room,  rubbing  his  head 
in  a  dazed,  benumbed  manner,  and  the  mass 
convention  was  dissolved.  That  night  he 
and  his  wife  sat  alone  by  the  stove  until  a 
late  hour,  and  at  breakfast-table  the  next 
morning  he  rapped  smartly  on  his  plate 
with  the  handle  of  his  knife  and  remarked ; 
"  Maria ;  me  and  your  mother  have  been 
talkin'  the  thing  over,  and  we've  come  to 
the  conclusion  this  boarding-house  business 
is  too  utterly  all  but  too  much  nonsense. 
Me  and  her  consider  that  we  haven't  lived 
sixty  odd  consummate  years  for  the  purpose 
of  niisin'  a  curiosity,  and  there's  goin'  to  bo 
a  stop  put  to  this  unquenchable  foolishness. 
Now,  after  you've  finished  that  poem  of  fried 
sausage  and  that  symphony  of  twisted 
doughnut,  you  take  and  dust  up  stairs  in 
less'n  two  seconds,  and  peel  ofl"  that  fancy 
gown  and  put  on  a  caliker,  and  then  come 
down  and  help  your  ma  wash  dishes.  I 
want  it  distinctly  understood  that  there  ain't 
goin'  to  be  no  more  rhythmic  foolishness  in 
this  house  so  long's  your  superlative  pa  and 
your  lovely  an'  consummate  ma's  runnin' 
the  ranch.     You  h^ar  me,  Maria  ?  " 

Maria  was  listening.— iiocA'/and  Courier. 


relating  to  his  art  will  find  himself  rapidly 
gaining  in  skill ;  but  the  moment  he  imag- 
ines he  knows  all  about  any  department  of 
his  art,  his  progress  stops,  for  he  knows 
only  what  he  has  allowed  himself  to  learn 

The  practice  of  scribbling  ruins  the  wri- 
ting of  many.  He  who  desires  to  attain  to 
the  highest  skill  of  which  he  is  capabh',  can 
always  afford  to  go  slowly  enough  to  abide 
by  the  rule  that  "  what's  worth  doing  at  all 
is  worth  doing  -well."  The  wonderful  accu- 
racy of  the  best  penmen  come«  from  their 
always  aiming  at  perfection  till  their  musoles 
never  fail  them. — Penman's  Gazettr 


The  Letter  "E." — It  is  well  known 
that  the  letter  e  is  used  more  than  any  other 
letter  in  the  English  alphabet.  It  is  seldom 
that  we  meet  with  a  sentence  in  which  it 
does  not  appear.  Each  of  the  following 
verses  contain  every  letter  of  the  alphabet 
except  the  letter  e: 


y  buxom  fiui 


mplaln 


which  ( 


situations  in 
,  etc.,  of  the 
ir  first  letter  to  a  per- 
'spectful,  and    by  i 


How  TO  Succeed  in  Penmanship. — 
It  is  often  said  thatit  is  necessary  to  live  one 
life  to  learn  how  to  avoid  mistakes  were  we 
to  live  over  again.  Every  person  has  made 
more  or  less  mistakes,  and  it  may  be  a 
blessing  to  some  to  study  how  to  govern 
their  practice  and  talent  to  make  the  beat  of 
them. 

With  a  desire  lor  good,  we  venture  the 
following  opinions: 

He  who  depends  upon  practice  alone  to 
make  his  skill  perfect  will  never  succeed. 
Ideas  lie  at  the  bottom  ef  good  teaching 
and  good  execution.  The  writer  who  stu- 
dies the  most  and  writes  the  least,  will,  at  the 
end  of  a  year's  practice,  eitecute  far  better 
than  he  who  practices  eontinually.  The 
penman  who  is  eager  to  graap  every  idea 


Letter- Writing. — Various  are 
casions  on  which  we  are  called  upoi 
ercise  our  skill  in  the  art  of  letter-i 
A  correspondence  between  two  persons  is 
simply  a  conversation  reduced  to  writing,  in 
party  says  all  that  he  hastocom- 
replies  to  preceding  inquiries,  and 
in  turn  proposes  questions,  without  inter- 
ruption by  the  other.  We  should  write  to 
an  absent  person  as  we  would  speak  to  the 
same  party  if  present.  To  a  superior,  we 
ought  to  be  respectful ;  to  a  parent,  dutiful 
and  affectionate  ;  to  a  friend,  fiank  and  easy ; 
and  clear  and  definite  in  our  expressions  to 
all.  Display  is  a  great  fault  among  young 
writers ;  ease  is  the  grace  of  letter-writing. 
A  passage  which  is  at  once  brilliant  and 
brief,  enriches  a  letter;  hut  it  must  be  art- 
less, and  appear  to  flow  without  effort  from 
the  writer's  pen.  In  all  of  our  correspond- 
ence, the  choice  of  language,  subject,  mat- 
ter and  manner,  should,  as 
be  governed  hy  the  rehtl: 
life,  aa  to  age,  rank,  chaia 
party  addressed.  In  c 
son,    we  should  he  i 

means  familiar.  We  aliould  never  forget 
what  wo  are,  and  what  the  person  is  whom 
we  address.  We  should  write,  in  fact,  with 
the  same  restrictions  as  we  should  speak. 
We  must  suppose  the  party  present  whom 
we  address,  and  bear  iu  mind  that  our  let- 
ters are  in  every  respect  representatives  of 
our  own  person.  An  estimate  of  our  char- 
acter and  manners  is  often  formed  from  the 
style  of  our  letters.— iVew  Hampshire  Sen- 

Machinery  has  effected  few  revolutions 
like  those  of  watches.  Not  many  years  ago 
they  were  all  hand-made,  aud  Switzeriand 
was  almost  devoted  to  that  trade.  English 
watches  were  excellent  but  expensive. 
Ameriea  led  the  way  in  adopting  watch- 
machinery  which  is  the  wonder  of  the  world. 
Now,  no  watch  is  better  than  an  American. 
The  perfection  of  watch-making  machinery 
may  be  judged  from  this  fact:  The  watch- 
screws  are  cut  with  nearly  nx  hundred 
threads  to  an  inch,  though  the  finest  used 
has  tw<.  hundred  and  fifty.  These  threads 
are  invisible  to  the  naked  eye,  and  it  takes 
one  hundred  and  forty-four  thousand  of  the 
screws  to  weigh  a  pt>und— their  value  being 
six  pounds  of  pure  gold. 


Luther's  writing  (1519)  is  said  to  be  fine 
and  pointed,  resembling  the  German  of  the 
present  day;  that  of  Melancthon  is  coarse, 
disconnected,  and  dashing.  Calvin  and 
Erasmus  used  round  Greek-like  characters, 
not  nnited  in  forming  words. 


■/igga^- 


mst^iiail^^f^ 


Skepticism. 

Probably  the  best  abused  word  m  the 
English  language  to-day  is  the  one  written 
at  the  bead  of  thi«  article.  Not withfitau ding 
this  verdict  of  the  popular  judgment  it 
would  wunld  we  think  be  exceedingly  diffi- 
cult to  find  many  words  that  carry  so  much 
in  them  for  the  good  of  the  race  as  this.  To 
dotibt  is  the  only  road  ever  traveled  by 
<)rogr^s.  It  is  true  that  in  these  latter  days 
the  word  has  oome  to  be  applied  largely 
and  almost  exnlueively  to  thoee  who  dis- 
believe in  God  or  things  held  sacred  by 
many  good  people.  But  the  skeptic  is  a 
doabter,  a  man  who  says  "  I  don't  under- 
stand it,  let  UB  investigate  this  matter  a 
little."  Tliere  is  nothing  enjoyed  by  the 
people  to-day  that  can  be  called  an  im- 
provement upon  what  our  forefathers  used, 
bat  owes  its  existence  to  the  skeptic.  The 
fanner  uses  to-day  a  plough,  the  model  of 
perfection  as  compared  with  the  sharp  stick 
hia  ancestors  used.  How  was  the  change 
brought  about  t  Why  some  skeptic  in  the 
past  said,  I  doubt  if  this  is  the  best  that  can 
be  made.  Investigation,  experiment,  more 
doubting,  more    theoriziug,  more    experi- 


menting, and  we  see 
Nothing  but  error 
need  fear  the  skeptic. 
Truth  is  not  harmed 
by  skepticism,  but 

upon  its  foundations. 
Everythiug  about  us 
to-day  is  changed 
from  what  it  was  in 
the  days  of  our  fore- 
fathers. This  is  not 
only  applied  to  instru- 
ments used  in  labor, 
but  extends  to  the 
very  "  thoughts  of  the 
heart "  as  well.  Skcp- 
^cism  of  our  accepted 
theories  has  brought 
about  all  this  change. 
The  Anoieuts  said  the 
world  was  flat,  that 
the  earth  m'hs  stii1ii)n- 
that  the  sun. 


the    result    to-day. 


and  Iiopp.  It  is  fatal  to  progress  to  stop 
the  doubter.  Our  happiness  in  this  world 
and  the  next  depends  upon  our  knowledge 
of  truth.  We  know  more  to-day  thau  we 
did  yesterday — all  thauks  to  the  doubter 
for  the  advance.  When  the  last  doubter 
dies,  the  world  of  thought  comes  to  a  staod- 
stiH  and  human  knowledge  has  begun  its 
retrograde  march.  May  we  be  delivered 
alike  from  idle  cavilling  and  from  dogruatic 
assertion.  The  great  future  lies  before  us, 
aud  almost  all  of  it  is  as  yet  "  undiscovered 
country." — Oswego  Morning  Sxpresg. 


Myths. 
An  amusing  illustration  of  how  myths  are 
bom  and  grown  is  furnished  by  a  French 
traveler  who,  during  a  recent  sojourn  in  the 
East,  repeatedly  heard  of  the  fabulous  ex- 
ploits of  a  personage  whom  the  Arabs 
called  "  Kaliviilli."  He  soon  found  that 
this  traditional  hero  was  a  living  European 
and  not  a  loug- departed  native;  and  by  in- 
quiry he  established,  beyond  all  question, 
his  identity  with  Garibaldi.  But  the  man- 
ner in  which  the  great  Italian's  deeds  have 
been  transmuted  by  popular    imagination 


The  High  School: 

Its  Rklatios  to  Business  with  tiik 
Tkvk  Course  of  Studies, 
Lb  a  subject  which  was  discussed  in  the  lat« 
National  Council  of  Education  at  Saratoga, 
apropos  of  a  paper  read  by  Prof.  Murry. 
In  it  he  took  the  ground  that  we  have  fre- 
quently contended  for,  viz.  :  that  education 
is  a  means,  not  an  end,  and  tliat  the  busi- 
ness interests  of  the  country  require  a  large 
advance  in  the  quantity  and  quality  of  work. 
Prof.  Huxley  takes  much  the  same  ground 
and  contends  that  to  do  rather  than  to 
know  is  the  objective  point  in  education. 
It  is  not  those  who  have  the  most  knowledge 
that  are  the  best  and  most  active  citizens. 
A  taleut  in  a  napkin  does  not  count ;  it  is 
the  practical  knowledge  that  can  perform. 
It  is  the  education  of  the  eye,  the  ear  and 
the  baud  rather  than  lives  of  indigested 
learning  that  makes  the  useful  citizen,  and 
that  is  the  object  of  State  education.  The 
State  may  indeed  furnish  "a  ladder  from  the 
gutter  to  the  university,"  but  it  should  only 
be  for  those  whose  grasp  enables  them  to 
climb.  It  is  the  worst  policy  in  the  world 
to  force  mediocrities  up  such  a  ladder,  and, 
fortunately  or  unfortunately,  the  great  ma- 


Definitions  of  Terms  Used  in'the 
Peircerian  System    of 
Penmanship. 
I  am  constantly  in  receipt  of  letters  mak- 
ing inquiry  as  to  the  meaning  of  terms  nsed 
in  connection  with  my  method  of  iustruo- 
tion,  and  it  is  doubtless  due  to  the  readers 
of  the  JoDSNAL  that  I  comply  in  a  general 

Tracing-exercises  consist  mainly  of  forms 
of  tapital  letters,  large  in  size,  produced 
with  a  colored  pencil,  by  the  teacher,  so 
tbjit  the  student  can  trace  the  design  with 
lead-pencil  or  end  of  holder  until  a  free  and 
easy  movement  has  been  secured.  It  is 
possible,  also,  to  get  a  fair  idea  as  to  the 
form  of  letter. 

To  an  inquisitive  pupil,  who  is  anztoui 
to  kuowjust  how  many  times  he  is  to  go 
over  the  exercise,  I  would  say  less  than 
238,000  times.  Number  of  designs,  seventy- 

Extended- movements  consist  of  single 
capital  letter*,  joined  in  groups,  aud  num- 
ber 275  diflerent  designs.  This  power  can- 
not be  dispensed  with.  These  two  classes 
of  work  are  denominated  Capital-exercises, 
in  No.   4   of   the   new   Speucerian   Com- 


The  itbovi 


volved  around  it.  The 
skeptic  said  No,  and 
by  his  skepticism, 
then,  we  are  to-day 
permitted  to  see  and 
know  the  wonders  of 
nature  as  we  do.  Men 
are  yet  living  who  can 
remember  when  to 
hear  a  man  say  that 
the  earth  was  not  cre- 
ated in  six  days  of 
twenty-four  hours 
each,  as  a  carpenter  builds  a  house,  or 
a  mechanic  a  machine,  would  raise  the 
cry  against  him  of  heretic,  from  the 
very  same  men  that  to-day  would  call 
him  a  fool  for  making  a  similar  asser- 
tion. Error  is  not  transformed  into  truth 
by  liaviug  the  musty  smell  of  ages  upon 
it.  Truth  may  still  be  wrapped  in  swadd- 
ling clothes  while  hoary  headed  error 
passes  it  by  in  disdain.  Skepticism  has 
gone  doubting  through  all  the  long  past,  aud 
will  continue  to  do  so  for  all  time  to  come. 
The  result  will  be  to  see  many  things  to-day 
"  despised  and  rejected  of  men "  grow 
brighter  and  stronger,  while  many  cherished 
theories  and  beliefs  will  melt  away  and  dis- 
appear forever.  Of  course  skepticism  can 
be  abused.  So  can  faith.  When  skepticism 
is  turned  into  cavilling,  it  takes  its  place  by 
the  side  of  blind  and  ignorant  faith,  and 
disgusts  the  honest  seeker  for  truth.  There 
is  nothing  the  world  tu-day  needs  so  much 
as  knowledge  of  truth.  Tins  is  true  in  every 
department.  The  tlieoUigian  and  the  scien- 
tist aie  suffering  for  the  same  food.  Matters 
are  so  arranged  in  this  world  that  we  are 
seeking  but  never  attain  the  full  knowledge. 
The  moment  we  arrive  at  the  stage  in  our 
existence  where  we  know  all,  that  moment 
we  become  miserable.  It  is  the  trying  to 
rea«h  lometbiiig  beyood  that  gives  us  energy 


Philosophy  of  Mo- 
tion, is  an  application 
of  mechanical  force 
which  operates  in 
conformity  with  cer- 
tain Uws. 

Combinations  o  f 
capitals  are  of  two 
kinds — connected  and 
disconnected.  By  con- 
nected Combinations 
are  meant,  that  the 
capitals  composing 
the  initials  of  a  proper 
name  are  made  with- 
out lifting  the  pen 
from  the  paper.  In 
a  disconnected  Com- 
bination the  capitals 
loop  iufo  each  other ; 
but,  in  every  case, 
the  pen  must,  at  the 
finish  of  each  capital, 
be    lifted    from    the 

Good  taste,  in 
many  cases,  will  de- 
mand, in  the  forma- 
tion of  three  or  more 
initials  of  the  same 
name,  both  styles  of 
Combinations. 

C.  H.  Pbirce. 


surpassed  the  legends  of  Greece  and  Rome. 
The  Arabs  said  he  lived  upon  an  island 
which  he  had  mastered  with  his  own  hand 
aloue,  although  its  defenders  had  hedged  the 
island  with  cannon.  In  the  uiiilst  of  a  per- 
fect hail  of  bullets,  "Kalivalli"  had  seized 
these  formidable  batteries  and  put  the 
enemy  to  flight.  The  sight  of  him  was  so 
terrible  that  his  foes  Hed  as  soon  as  they  saw 
him  among  them.  He  was  not  a  man,  but 
a  demon  in  human  form,  sent  to  the  earth  to 
accomplish  some  mysterious  task.  One  of 
the  Arab  fortune-tellers  had  met  a  ship's 
captain  who  had  seen  the  redoubtable  one. 
His  statement  was  that  the  being  of  whom 
the  others  spoke  was,  in  truth,  a  man — but 
of  such  repulsive  visage  that  no  one  could 
bear  to  look  upon  him.  His  mouth  was 
provided  with  tusks,  like  a  boar.  His 
height  was  so  great  that  nobody  could  touch 
his  head  with  the  point  of  a  sword  extended 
at  arm's  length.  He  wore  a  shirt  which  was 
dipped  every  day  in  blood.  His  eyes  were 
consuming  fire,  his  eyebrows  like  a  boar's 
bristles,  and  his  open  mouth  was  the  very 
gate  of  hell.  His  food  consisted  of  little 
children,  and  there  were  no  cruelties  that  he 
had  not  committed.  All  this  was  told  with 
perfect  seriousness,  and  with  the  manner  of 
men  who  considered  that  they  were  narrat- 
ing historical  events. — Tribune. 


jority  are  such  mediocrities.  They  develop 
no  special  aptitudes  in  any  direction,  and 
their  liighest  ambition  is  to  do  what  their 
hands  find  to  do  as  easily  and  comfortably 
as  possible.  And  the  position  is  none  the 
less  honorable,  because  the  spliere  is  limited. 
Common  school  education  should  be  directed 
towards  getting  out  of  the  average  men  and 
women  the  best  results,  and  not  be  founded 
on  the  "delusive  idea  that  the  masses  are 
prodigies  and  only  require  half  a  chance  to 
show  their  genius." 

It  is  related  of  George  Clarke,  the  cele- 
brated negro  minstrel,  that,  being  examined 
as  a  witness,  he  was  severely  interrogated 
by  the  counsel,  who  wished  to  break  down 
his  evidence.  "  You  are  in  the  negro  mins- 
trel business,  I  believe?''  inquired  the  law- 
yer. "Yes,  sir,"  was  the  prompt  reply. 
"  Isn't  that  rather  a  low  calling  f"  demanded 
the  lawyer.  "I  don't  know  but  what  it  is, 
sir,"  replied  the  minstrel;  "but  it  is  ao 
much  better  than  my  father's  that  I  am 
proud  of  it."  "What  was  your  father's 
calling f"  "He  wa»  a  lawyer,"  replied 
Clarke,  in  a  tone  of  regret  that  put  the 
audience  in  a  roar.  After  that,  the  lawyer 
left  Clarke  alone.— §ttw. 

Envelope*  were  firet  used  in  1839. 


"Some  men,"  says 
an  eminent  anatomist,  "have  three  hands 
— right-hand,  left-hand,  and  a  little-behind- 
hand." Among  our  correspondents  are 
persons  who  can  add  to  these  a  flourishing- 
hand,  a  running-hand,  a  round-liand,  and 
some  who  have  a  well-we-will-not-undor- 
take-to-define-it-hand. 


One  of  the  most  successful  counterfeit- 
ing schemes  is  to  issue  a  small  quantity 
of  notes  on  a  certain  bank,  with  the  name  of 
a  place,  president  or  casliier  misspelled. 
Upon  discovery,  the  bank  sends  a  warning 
through  the  country,  pointing  out  the  error. 
Then  the  counterfeiter  makes  a  second  issue, 
with  the  name  spelled  correctly,  and  circu- 
lates them  boldly,  knowing  the  merchants 
and  storekeepers  will  only  look  for  the  indi- 
cated "  catch." 

On  the  subject  of  penmanship,  M.  Ernest 
Legouve  tells  his  grand-daughter:  "The 
people  who  praise  you  in  your  face  and  laugh 
at  you  behind  your  hack,  say,  'Ah  I  all  clever 
people  write  badly.'  Answer  by  showing 
them,  as  I  have  you  a  hundred  times,  letters 
of  Guizot,  Mignet,  and  Alexandre  Dumas 
the  older,  which  are  models  of  caligrapby. 
Write  well,  my  child,  write  well !  Pretty 
writing  in  a  woman  ii  like  tasteful  dresaiog, 
a  pleasing  physiognomy,  or  a  sweet  voice." 


'IITJJ ' "  "  ^»™ 


^jy:  ^ '" 


Slajrta  eoplv  of 
SpMtmea  ooptet  ftiml»b«1  to  Ag«iit<  fr«w. 

ADVERTISING   RATES. 

aiogl*  tucHloD.  25  mdU  per  line  oonpwreU. 

iMlama Ksloo'    •sS'oO      Il0o!ob      ti: 

t       "       13.75        30,00         56.00  I 

i       ■'       7.30        15.00  JSjOO  i 


Am ;  lilt  tix  mcrath*  and  one  rrar.  pmyabl«  inn 

LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 


■lnwg..rl«rhln». 
<n  lu  roiT«apiiiiil' 


To  flTiffy  tintr  mbscrHMT,  or  renewal,  lne]oi.\iig  11,  w« 

Pro(n>«,"  2ir3i  or  "  Th«  Bounding  Stag,"  ■2<«:t!.    Fit 
•2,00,1111  Ave  will  bcMnt  with  Ihn  fliil  oopy  of  Joi' iinal. 

or  mull  to  ILe  Minder,  a  copy  ut  olthur-of  tho   lollowlug 

■1  8p««!tmen  Sh^ti  of  Bn^rouloff ,  eonh 11x14  In. 

Gongdon'B  Normal  Sy«tem  of  I^tcrinff 
Or      "  ■'  "  Klonriahlng. 


«iitwcripliOD>  nod  tVi 

nam«<  and  IIS  w«  w: 

TO  CLUBS: 


ISooplM.. 


*ifllw  Order  or  by  Regii 


PENMAN'S 
LONDON 


a  by  iMiatul-card  I 
,  be  ilopped  UDIU 


New  York,  August,  1882. 


Mystery  of  Writing. 

T..  those  who  are  entirely  without  kuovvl- 
i'llf^f  of  wriliug,  it  is  wonderfully  iiiyster- 
loiiB.  Of  this  fact  we  have  a  well  illiistrateil 
example  in  the  experience  of  a  South 
American  slave,  who,  being  sent  to  deliver 
;i  haskot  of  choice  fruits,  when  alone,  eat  n 
|iortiou  of  the  fruit ;  but  he  was  also  tho  vm- 
to.liau  of  a  letter,  to  be  delivered  with  the 
haskot,  which  gave,  among  other  things,  an 
inventory  of  contenu  of  the  basket,  by 
which  the  theft  was  discovered,  and  he  was 
neveroly  Hogged.  Therefore,  upon  another 
iiecusion,  being  entrusted  with  a  similar 
charge,  he  took  the  precaution  to  carefully 
«o»e*al  lh«»  letter  under  a  atone  while  he  ate 
the  fruit,  thinking  that  since  it  was  entirely 
out  of  sight  it  could  have  no  knowledge  of 
his  acts,  and  could  not,  therefore,  be  a  Mit- 
noas  against  him;  but  to  his  utter  astonish- 
ment it  told  all  the  same,  and  he  waa  pun- 
ished with  increased  severity. 

Death  of  Ernest  Duty  Spencer. 

Mr.  Kobert  C.  Spencer,  associale-aulhor 
of  Spencerian,  and  a  leading  busiuess-edu- 
cator,  has,  with  Im  family,  met  a  end  be- 
reavement in  the  loss  of  his  young  sou, 
Ernest  Duty  Spencer,  a  handsome  lad  of  six 

Mt.  Spencer's  elegant  residence  i«  in  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.  The  grouoda  are  spacious, 
reaching  from  Pn>spect  Avenue  to  the  shore 
of  Lake  Michigan.  July  Ifi,  at  5.m  p.  m., 
in  company  with  his  brother  Ned.,  aged  Hi' 


and  several  children,  Ernest  went  to  the 
pier,  which  extends  into  the  lake  opposite 
his  home.  In  a  little  time  he  returned  to 
the  beach  and  bnttooed  hisshoesand  walked 
away.  None  of  the  children  saw  Iiim  again. 
At  6.;W,  Annie  Dr«xler,  a  sen-ant  in  the 
family,  saw  him  on  the  lawn  near  the  house. 
Near  7  o'clock,  the  daughter  of  J.  M.  Crom- 
bie  saw  him  on  Prospect  Avenue,  goiug 
North  from  home.  She  spoke  to  him ;  as 
did  also,  soon  after,  the  daughter  of  Mr.  J. 
G.  J.  Campbell.  This  was  the  last  seen  of 
little  Ernest,  alive. 

Alarmed  at  his  prolonged  absence,  the 
services  of  the  police  were  eulisted.  The 
banks,  pier,  breakwater,  sands,  streets  and 
roads  were  searched,  without  discovering 
the  lost  one.  Days  passed,  alternate  with 
the  still  nights  whose  shadows  rested  upou 
a  home  filled  with  deep  sorrow  and  anxiety 
over  the  fate  of  the  young  son.  Many 
shared  the  belief  that  the  child  had  been 
abducted. 

The  Associated  Press  flashed  tidings 
throughout  the  land  of  the  mysterious  dis- 
appearance of  little  Ernest.  Seven  days 
elapsed,  and  on  Sunday,  the  23id  of  July, 
his  body  was  found  in  the  lake  near  the 
pier,  by  some  lads  engaged  in  fishing. 

His  relations  in  his  home  were  notably  of 
the  most  kindly  nature,  reciprocal  to  his  joy- 
ous disposition.  No  cross  words  had  oc- 
cured  to  mar  his  happiness;  kiudness  and 
affection  suiTounded  his  daily  life. 

Six  bright  boys  and  a  most  amiable 
daughter  remain  of  the  family,  to  bless 
the  father  and  mother,  but  none  would  be 
ore  missed  than  baby  Ernest. 
To  Mr.  Spencer  and  his  family,  the 
Journal  entends  its  profound  sympathy  in 
their  deep  allliction. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  2f. 
1'.  Sun  of  July  2i,  with  the  heading: 

MlLWAUKJiE'S   MISSING  CHILD. 

The  mystery  surrounding  the  disappearance 
of  a  young  son  of  R.  C.  Spencer,  waa  solved 
by  finding  the  body  in  the  lake. 

A  week  ago  while  playing  iu  the  front  yard 
the  lad  disappeared,  and,  as  he  was  seen  later 
mth  a  strange  boy,  it  was  supposed  he  had 
been  abduclt<d. 

Enr  a  week  the  distracted  parents  and  tbous- 
unds  of  sympathizing  iiieuds  searched  the 
country  ;  a  large  reward  was  offered,  and  the 
hike  dragged  for  inHes.  No-bimi'ar  case  ever 
excited  8o  much  general  interest,     .     . 


'  course  modesty  dictated  the  use  of  a  postal, 
and  of  course  it  went  into  the  waste-basket. 
Soon  after  a  letter  came  from  the  same 
name,  inclosing  a  stamped  envelope.  "Would 
very  much  like  to  get  some  specimena 
from  your  pen,  if  only  your  signature  on 
the  inclosed  envelope."  I  put  his  name — 
not  mine — on  the  envelope,  and  sent  him 
some  specimens  very  nicely  done  by  brother 
Magee,  thus  rewarding  my  correspondent's 
persistency. 

A  few  days  since  a  well  known  business- 
college  man  asked  me  if  I  knew  one  so-and- 
so.  I  replied,  "No,  but  I  received  a  re- 
quest from  him  recently,"  etc;  when  he  of 
the  aforesaid  business- college  opened  his 
eyes  very  loidt.  "Well,  this  tellow  wrote 
me  an  '  Identical  Note,'  and  I  sent  him 
photos  and  a  small  piece  of  fine  pen- work, 
which  latter  he  returned  at  my  request.  He 
wrote  ine  that  a  local  penman  bad  put  in 
claims  for  his  patronage,  which  could  not  be 
ignored." 

This  is  the  last   dodge,  and  altogether 
the  best  one  1  have  heard  of.  To  how  many 
more  has   he  written  for  "  full  particulars 
and  specimens  "  of  engrossing  ? 
Truly  yours, 

C.  E.  Cady. 
[Similar  letters  from  the  same  party  re- 
ferred to  by  .Mr.  Cady  Imve  been  forwarded 
to  lis  from  til  fee  ditiereut  parties,  otlier  than 


The  King  Club 

During  the  past  month  was  sent  by  N.  R. 
Swan,  of  Delaware,  Ohio,  and  numbers 
ttotnty-twOt  which  is  very  creditable  for  the 
dullest  month  of  the  year  for  subscribers. 


The  "Murphy." 
Editors  of  the  Jodrna.l  : — I  have  found 
that  an  Irish  potato  is  the  best  remedy  for 
new  steel-pens  to  take  ink.  It  is  really 
wonderful  —  stick  any  new  pen  into  the 
"  Murphy,"  and  everything  works  well. 
C.  H.  Beth.inn. 


'  Mr.  C.     In 


9  of  1 


letters  the  writer  made  use  of  the  emblems 
and  titles  of  an  Odd  Fellow's  Lodge,  pro- 
fessing to  wish  samples'  and  terms  for  en- 
grossing resolutiouB,  with  the  view  of  giv- 
ing an  order.  The  inventor  of  this  new 
scheme  calls  himself  Ivan  Pqwers,  Power's 
Block, Rochester  N.Y.  We  should  be  pleased 
to  know  how  many  others  have  been  called 
upon  to  contribute  to  this  apparently  new 
genius  of  dead-beat-ism.] 


Shorthand- Writers'  Convention. 

The  shorthand- writers  of  the  UnHed  States 
and  Canada,  are  to  hold  their  first  Inter- 
national Congress,  at  the  Gibson  House, 
Ciuoianati,  Ohio,  on  August  Ul. 


Answered. 


A  Convention  of  Stenographers. 

The  New  York  State  Stenographers' 
Association  held  its  Seventh  Annual  Ses- 
sion, at  the  St.  Denis  Hotel,  in  this  city,  on 
August  let,  2nd  and  ^rd.  There  were  present 
upwards  of  twenty  members  and  delegates 
fiom  other  Associations.  The  purposes  of 
the  Association  are— the  estabUshing  and 
maintAining  a  proper  standard  of  proficiency 
in  the  profession,  and  uniting  in  fellowsliip 
the  sieuographers  of  the  Static.  The  Papers 
read  and  Addresses  delivered,  were  of  much 
interest  to  tlie  fraternity. 

The  following  officers  weie  elected: 
President,  Ueoige  R.  Uialiop;  Vice-presi- 
dent, A.  P.  Little ;  Secretary,  T.  R.  Griffith ; 
Executive  Committee,  James  M.  Ruse,  P. 
M.  Adams,  W.  O.  Wyckoff,  F.  J.  Morgan 
and  Emory  P.  Close. 

The  next  session  of  the  Association  will 
be  held  at  Watkins  Glen,  in  August,  1883. 

We  take  this  occasion  to  express  our  high 
appreciation  of  the  honor  conferred  upon  us 
in  being  made  an  honorary  member  of  the 


A  New  Dodge  for  Specimens. 

Xeh-  York,  July  J7th,  1862. 

Editors  0/  Journal  :  Here's  the  latest, 
aud  the  author  of  this  new  "method"  of 
getting  specimens  deserves  the  thanks  of 
his  species  for  the  invention. 

Ho  writes  to  know  "  how  much  you  will 
charge  l..r  job-work— ornamental  penman- 
ship, a  large  engrossed  piece.  Send  samples 
of  work  and  full  particulars.  I  don't  like 
Ames's  script:  his  work  is  loo  heavy.*'     Of 


Advertising-Fraud. 

iveial  months  since  we  received,  from 
H.  C.  Dean,  Chicago,  an  electrotyped  ad- 
vertisement of  a  dictionary,  asking  to  have 
the  same  inserted  in  the  Journal,  which 
was  done,  and  bill  sent  as  directed,  some 
months  since,  to  which  there  has  been  not 
only  no  response,  but  no  ansv.'er  to  several 
other  comiimnications  sent.  From  this  and 
answers  to  inquiries  made,  wo  believe  the 
said  Dean  to  be  an  advorttsing-deadbeat, 
of  whom  publishers  and  purchasers  should 
be  aware. 

Hymeneal. 

T.  M.  Davis,  Principal  of  Goodman's, 
Knoxville{Tenn.)  Business-college,  entered 
into  a  very  congenial  partnersliip  with  Miss 
Olive  Collins,  on  the  2;Jd  inst.,  at  the  resi- 
dence of  the  bride,  in  Alfred  Centre,  N.  Y. 
The  partnership  has  our  best  wishes  for  a 
long  and  happy  continuance,  with  numerous 
attendant  blessings. 

On  the  16th  inst.,  at  Auborndale,  Mass., 
Fred.  F.  Judd  to  Miss  Eva  N.  Brandon. 
Mr.  Judd  is  an  accomplished  penman  and 
instructor,  and  has  charge  of  the  Commercial 
Department  of  Jenning's  Seminary,  Aurora, 
III.  May  his  matrimonial  voyage  be  long 
and  prosperous. 

Not  Responsible. 
It  should  be  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  he 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns;  all  communications  not 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished; if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  open  to  him  to  say  so  and  tell 
why. 


F.  P.  H.,  Utica,  Ohio— What  is  an  ele- 
ment in  writing,  and  how  many  are  there 
in  the  first  principle!  How  many  in  the 
second  principle  f  .4ns.— 1st.  An  element, 
as  defined  hy  Webster,  "  is  one  of  the  sim- 
plest or  essential  parts  or  principles  of 
which  anything  consists."  As  applied  to 
writing,  and  in  all  art-delineations,  an  ele- 
ment consists  of  a  straight  line  or  curve. 
2d.  The  first  and  second  principles  being  a 
straight  line  and  curve,  are  of  themselves 
elements  as  well  as  principles  of  writing. 

T.  J.,  Dayton,  Ohio.— When  a  number 
of  students,  under  a  penman,  give  proper 
attention  to  penmanship  for  a  reasoi 
length  of  time,  what  per  cent,  of  that  i 
ber  obtain  a  good  business-hand?  Ans.— 
We  have  no  means  of  ascertaining  the  exact 
percentage  called  for  in  the  above  tiuestion; 
but,  from  our  own  observation,  we  believe - 
that  any  attentive  pupil  of  average  intellect, 
under  skillful  instruction,  one  or  two  hours 
per  day,  for  three  to  six  months,  would 
write  a  good,  legible  hand.  Of  course, 
the  style  and  facility  of  execution  would 
vary  according  to  circumstAuces  of  writer. 

Inquirer.— 1st.  How  is  the  slant  of  the 
three  Capital  -  Letter  Principles,  namely, 
the  Direct  Oval,  Reversed  Oval,  and  Capi- 
tal Stem,  determined?  The  Spencerian 
Theory  saya.in  describing  the  letter  0,  "begin 
threespaces  above  base  line,and  descend  with 
full  left  curve,  on  main  slant,  to  base-line." 
Does  that  meau  that  a  line  drawn  from  be- 
ginning point,  to  where  oval  touches  base- 
line, would  be  on  main  slantf  In  D,  it 
says,  "after  forming  the  oval  turn  on  base- 
line, to  ascend,  with  riglit  curve  on  main 
slant,  three  spaces,"  Does  that  mean  that 
a  line  drawn  from  the  point  where  the  oval 
touches  top  line  to  where  it  touches  base- 
line is  on  aslant  of  52  degrees?  If  so,  how 
is  the  slant  of  the  final  left  curve  measured  ? 
2d.  In  defining  a  loop,  the  Spencerian 
Theory  saya,  "  A  loop  is  formed  of  two  op- 
posite curves,  united  by  a  short  turn  at  one 
end,  and  afterwards  crossing."  And  then, 
long  the  examples,  it  gives  the  loop  found 
in  capital  C.  But,  in  analyzing  C,  it  says, 
"  the  first  left  curve  is  united  to  the  opposite 
right  curve  in  oval  turn  ";  would  that  make 
a  loop  according  to  the  definition  t  If  not  a 
loop,  what  is  itf  Also,  in  describing  the 
capitals  I  and  J,  it  says,  "  that  the  first  left 
curve  and  the  opposite  right  curve  are  joined 
at  top  by  a  sfmt  turn."  The  upper  part  of 
I  and  J  being  one  space  wide,  and  the  loop 
in  C  only  three-fourths  space,  it  seems  to 
me  an  inconsistency  to  call  the  latter  an 
oval  turn,  and  the  former  a  short  turn.  How 
are  we  to  distinguish  between  short  and 
oval  turns  ?  ^na,— The  slant  of  an  oval, 
whether  direct  or  reversed,  is  determined  by 
drawing  a  line  from  the  middle  of  one  end  to 
the  middle  of  the  opposite  end.  The  direct 
and  reversed  ovals  used  as  principles,  so 
tested,  should  be  on  the  main  slant,  an  angle 
of  fifty-two  degrees.  The  oval  of  the  capital 
stem  should  be  on  an  angle  of  fifteen  de- 
grees, or  one-sixth  of  a  right  angle,  whUe 
the  slant  of  the  inital  curve  above  the  stem 
oval,  must  vary  from   main  slant,  slightly 


^™J^T4JXr'"'»'"'iEr' 


'.u-ciit/rancd  from  an  original  design  executed  at  Ote  o^ce  of  ihe  ■'Joarnal,"  and  w  (/iven  as  a  tpeciinen  of  pen-drawing  and  Uttering.     The  <. 

in  fine  atylt  on  Bristol-board,  writing  and  hand  paper,  size,  11  x  14        The  Bristol-board  is.for  framing,  and  the  paper  for   rolling  or  folding. 

printed  upon  a  fine  quality  of  Bristol-hoard  for  framing,  17  x  22.     This  design  is  believed  to  be  the  most  artistic  and  tasty  form  yet  published  for 

Marriage  Certificate.     Single  copies  of  size  11  x  U  mailed  for  BO  cents  ;  18  x  22,  $1.     Elegantly  filled  vrith  names,  in  Old  English 

lettering :  small  size,  50  cents,  large,  ^1,  additional.     Liberal  terms  to  clergymen,  and  agenta. 


more  or  leea,  according  to  requirements  of 
the  different  capital -letters  of  which  the 
etem  forms  a  part.  In  the  Spetcerian  sys- 
tem are  diagraniB  of  such  stem-letters,  show- 
iufr  variation  of  initial  stem-curve  iti  its 
relation  to  a  vertical  line  drawn  to  the  left 
end  of  the  stem  oval.  It  is  evident  that  a 
loop  turn  must  vary  in  width,  according  to 
the  size  and  proportion  of  the  loop.  The 
loop  turns  in  C,  I,  J,  to  whicli  you  refer, 
may  projicrly  be  called  nan-ow,  oval  turns. 


B  teaching  writing-cl  asses  at 

I  ruaticaling  at 

.  Corbin,  late  graduate  of  G.  W. 
s'8  Business-College,  Delaware,  Ohio, 
aged  to  teach  peuuianship  iu  Duncan's 
s-CoIlege,  Columbus.  Ohio. 


icher 


writing  in 
«8- College, 


Muily. 


ishtp  and 


Bii^i 


E.  M.  Huntii 
the    Bryaul   ami 
Providence,  R.  I..  Ufljiei 
friends  in  Philfidelphia  a 

D.  W.  Hoff,  profeesc 
drawing  ut  Muakingha 
spending  his  vacation  at  Wint^rwet,  Iowa.  He 
contributes  an  interesting  article  for  the 
JofRNAL,  which  will  appear  in  the  September 

A.  N,  Palmer,  who  has,  for  some  lime  past, 
been  accountant  for  ihe  Cedar  Rapids  (idE»i.) 
Inaurancfl  Company,   lakes  a  position  in  the 


BueinesB-College  of  that  city,  as  teacher  of 
writing  and  book-keeping,  on  September  1st. 
Mr.  Palmer  is  a  superior  penman  and  popular 
teacher. 

J.  W.  Harkiiie,  who  has  been  with  A.  H. 
Hinnmii,  Worcester,  Mass.,  accepts  a  position 
as  teacher  of  writing  and  commercial  branches 
at  Faddi's  St.  Paul  (Minn.)  BusinessColIege. 
Mr.  Harkins  is  a  practical  and  ornamental  pen- 
man, and  a  popular  teacher,  and  will  undoubt- 
edly win  favor  in  his  new  position. 

C.  0.  CurtisB,  A.M.,  of  the  St.  Paul  (Mi 
usiness-College,  is  oa  a  visit  to  New  York 
id  the  East,  in  relation  to  the  publicat 
his  system  of  copy-books  and  writing-charts 
for  schools.  His  books  are  being  cjuile  t 
sivety  used  in  Minnesota.  Mr.  Curtisa  is  also 
proprietor  of  the  Minneapolis  Busiuese-College. 

A.  L.  Wyman  baa  purchased  Rathbun's 
BuBiiiess  College,  Omaha,  Neb.,  which  he  con- 
sulidutes  with  one  opened  by  himself  about  a 
year  since.  Mr.  Wymau  is  a  graduate  of  the 
Spencerian  Bupiness-College,  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
a  good  penman,  and  an  accomplished  gentle- 
man, and  will,  no  doubt,  conduct  a  popular  and 
successful  institution  at  Omaha.  The  Daily 
Bee,  of  a  late  date,  gives  a  columnar  review 
which  is  very  flattering  to  Mr.  Wymau  and 
his  work  as  a  teacher  in  that  city. 


A  package  of  well-written    cards  ha 
received  from  T.    E.    Youmans,    card-writer. 
Savannah,  Ga. 

L.  J.  Grace,  penman  and  stationer,  Cleve- 


land, Ohio,  sends  a  superior  specimen  of  epis- 
tolary writing. 

8.  B.  Lawson,  Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  incloses 
several  very  skillfully-executed  speoimeus  of 
practical  writing. 

R.  J.  Ctable,  a  late  graduate  of  Museelman'a 
(Gem  City)  Business-College,  Quincy,  HI., 
writes  a  handsome  letter. 

An  imperial  sized  photograph  of  finely-ex- 
ecuted floral  design  has  been  received  from  E. 
L.  Burnett,  of  Elmira,  N.  Y. 

A  handsome  specimen  of  practical  writing 
comes  from  T.  T.  Loomis,  of  the  Spencerian 
Business  College,  Clevelaud,  Ohio. 

One  of  the  finest  specimens  of  epistolary 
writing  received  during  the  month  is  from  A. 
H.  Madden,  Johnson's  Business-College,  St. 
Louis,  Mo. 

A  good  specimen  of  practical  writing  comes 
from  George  G.  Huncken,  a  recent  graduate  of 
Sadler'a  Bryant  and  Stratton  Business-College, 
Baltimore,  Md. 

J.  H.  Weathers,  Raleigh,  N.  C.  for  a  lad  of 
seventeen  years,  writes  a  handsome  hand.  Less 
flourishing  would  add  to  its  appearance  as 
practical  writing. 

R,  S.  Bonsall,  of  Carpenter's  Bryant  &^ 
Stratton  Business-College,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in- 
closes, in  an  elegantly  wrilten-letler,  a  very 
graceful  flourish,  in  form  of  a  Swan  and  scroll,  i 

D.  W.  Cope,  Church  Hill,  Miss,  iucloses,  in 
a  well-written  tetter,  several  good  specimens  of 
practical  writing,  which  he  attributes  mainly  to 
the  instruction  and  examples  given  in  the 
Journal. 

A  photograpb,  4x8  inches,  from  a  flourished 
eagle,  by  J.  C.  Miller,  penman  at  Allen's  Busi- 
ness-College, Elmira,  N.  Y.,  is  before  us,  m 
whiob  the  arrangement  of  the  flouriahing  and 


nasterly.     The  original    was 
5x10  feet. 

Several  apecimend  of  penmanship,  embracing 
practical  writing,  lettering,  drawing  and 
flourishing  have  been  lecelved  from  A.  H. 
Steadman,  Freeport,  Ohio,  which  evince  more 
than  an  ordinary  degree  of  skill  and  versatility 


1  the 


All 


F  the 


Incorrect. 


my  questions,  "  What  de- 
termines the  slant  of  capitals,  supposing  tho 
standard  forms  he  taken  t "  given  in  the 
June  number  of  the  Journal,  have  been 

The  last,  firom  W.  W,  G.,  of  Marion,  III., 
in  the  July  number,  ia  easily  proven  incor- 
rect, although  his  answer  is  not  of  a  positive 
nature. 

He  states  that  the  slant  of  a  capital  is  de- 
termined by  the  principle  used  in  its  foniia- 

Suppose  you  take  capital  A.  The  stem 
does  not  determine  the  slant,  because  the 
second  part  coincides,  or  ia  parallel,  with  the 
main  slant,  52  degrees.  So,  also,  is  it  par- 
allel to  any  small  letters  which  may  follow. 

Hence  we  deduce  the  fact  that  the  stem 
has  greater  slant  than  the  latter,  which 
would  place  it  at  about  45  degrees. 

Questions. 

1.  Can  the  capital  W  ho  executed  as  well 
by  lifting  the  pen  from  the  paper,  after  mak- 
ing first  part,  as  otherwise  f 

2.  What  is  the  weight  of  the  fore-arm 
while  executing  work,  generally? 

C.  H.  PSIBGIL 


J^^n^    fir. 


^^0-CC'C{ 


..».>.>»,»-^^-»V^^^y.,M..»,I»,».^jy|^^ 


An^Ode.to  the  Pen.* 


Whew  Ibj  thin  Ilpa  b»T«  Umm)  Ihe  Tlr»in  pa^ ! 
To  $[t»A  lh«  CBolwborjr  pllgrimii  on ; 

Of  thfw  Tb*  ib«lEMp«iire,  io  hU  koul  mblimv, 
Wllh  ihM  bold  MlltAD  gmpwl,  bU  rym  tbick  Msled, 

I^uUoumI  Into  ft  bft^pipe  iiTMt  adJ  slrvng ; 
TbM.  ThumM  Moore,  fain  mxiI  to  mtutc  Ht, 
Mods  to  an  Iri*b  baip  that  «abo««  yrt ; 
WItb  IbM,  Lon^ellow,  firnok  s  boro«-inftd«  lyr*. 


b  protnuUDf  to 
I  old  ecpy  on  tl 


n  WUdoro 


iti/tt 


Of  msoiuoript,  to  troublo  prlolen'  dreamj, 

What  If  tbj  ohenp  Kod  euy  w)eld»d  prong* 

Indilo  onOh  7aur  a  hiiadrDd  tboiiinnd  songi 

In  lok  of  T&rioiu  oopiomDeii  nod  abad^~ 

On  avory  Bubjecl  £af1b  and  Heaven  bave  made; 

Wb«t  If  tboD  iboTMt  'ncatb  the  prloter't  noK 

Cord*  ofiiili-fpellod  nnd  unpunotuuted  pnwe  t 

What  If,  tbODgh  ploked  from  wing  of  wnwleas  gotie, 

Tboa'rt  yet  by  tbat  load  biped  oil  In  tuel 

Tboa'ri  often  plgeked  (him  Wi>dom>  glitt«riDg  iring ; 


UDgl 


*An  eztiMt  from 


Magazines,  and  Exchange  Items. 

The  August,  uumbcr  of  LipjnncoWs  Mag- 
azine Ib  full  of  interestiug  luatter,  and  is 
fiufly  illuulmted.  Publinlied  by  LippiDcott 
&  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

The  Art  Amatcttr,  for  July,  like  all  its 
predoceseors,  is  filled  with  pictures  inter- 
sporaed  with  interesting  reading- matter.  It 
ooutaiua  Bevoral  original  and  artistic  designs 
for  embroidery,  and  various  styles  of  art 
(lei'oration.  It  ia  among  the  inoat  valuable 
art- publications  of  this  country. 


In  the  North  American  Review  for  August 
is  an  article  on  "  Progress  of  Thought  in 
the  Church,"  by  Henry  Ward  Beecher, 
which  should  be  widely  read.  It  is  a  most 
eeniiblo  and  rational  review  of  the  whcde 
structure  of  dogmatic  belief  and  teaching. 
Other  articles  are  interesting,  upon  "Or- 
ganization of  Labor,"  "  The  U.  S.  Army," 
"  Ethics  of  Gambling,"  and  "  Artesian  Wells 
upon  the  Great  Plains."  The  lieview  is 
pold  by  all  booksellers. 

Fraiik  Leslie's  Popular  Monthly  for 
August  is  profuaely  and  haudsomely  illus- 


trated, and  abounds  with  interesting  and 
valuable  reading.  The  opening  article  ia 
by  N.  Robinson,  who  graphically  depicts 
"  The  Comforts  and  Discomforts  of  Travel"; 
there  are  fifteen  illustrations.  "  Plymouth 
and  its  Religious  Memories."  "Gypsies  and 
their  Friends"  and  "  Aaron  Burr"  are  ad- 
mirable articles,  and  finely  illustrated.  The 
frontispiece  ia  a  charming  picture  in  oil 
colors,  entitled  "  The  Spanish'  Flower-  Girl." 
The  number  contains  128  quarto  pages  and 
over  100  embellishments,  and  the  price  of 
it  is  only  25  cents,  or  $3  per  annum,  sent 
postpaid.  Address  Frank  Leslie,  Publisher, 
53,  55  and  57  Park  Place,  New  York. 


Preserve  your  "Journals." 
By  W.  p.  Cooper. 
It  has  ever  been  a  source  of  wonderment 
to  me  that  the  American  people  generally 
have  so  little  disposition  to  file,  for  future 
reference  and  use,  their  periodicals  and  pa- 
pers. Many  of  these  are  literally  filled  with 
valuable  matter,  much  of  it  of  great  practi- 


cal value  to  almost  all  classes.  We  read  and 
tear  up  volume  after  volume ;  amasing  a 
moment  with  a  number  of  some  excellent 
publication,  then  destroying  it,  as  if  wholly 
worthless,  and,  through  forgetfulness,  are  as 


jhadr 


I  it.     Mis 


ble   policy 
place 

Articles  upon  agriculture,  hygiene,  every  de- 
partment of  learning,  and  aU  other  subjects 
of  the  firat-clasa  are  thus  lost.  The  reader 
will  remember  that  Prof.  Ames  has  pub- 
lished, in  his  journal,  two  courses  of  lessons 
in  penmanship,  both  most  excellent,  nothing 
wanting  in  precept,  example  or  illustration, 
or  skill  in  teaching  or  enforcing.  How 
many  readers — pupils  of  pen-art  —  get  the 
benefit,  at  present,  by  a  frequent  review  of 
these  meritorious  instructions! 

Who  has  begun  to  preserve  the  Spencer 
Series?  But  abundance  of  other  matter, 
almost  equally  valuable,  will  be  found  in 
each  number.  If  you  have  thom,  overhaul 
the  back  numbers  and  you  will  find  that  "A 
thing  of  beauty  is  a  joy  forever,"  and  more, 


too,  that  its  re-perusal,  conversion  to  use,  is 
a  great  benefit  forever. 

This  JoORNAL  shows  upon  its  face  that 
it  is  made  to  keep,  and  made  to  use.  If  you 
are  short  of  a  finished  scholar  in  pen-art, 
overhaul  your  Journals.  Numbers  half 
worn-out  are  worth  more,  if  used,  than  new 
ones  cost.  Get  out  your  file  of  Journals 
and  see  if  we  are  not  right. 


Soiiles's  Commercial  College  and  Literary 
Institute,  New  Orleans,  La.,  one  of  the  old- 
est and  most  popular  schools  in  the  South, 
had  its  twenty-sixth  Anniversary  and  Com- 
mencement on  June  SOtli.  at  which  28 
graduates  received  diplomas.  289  stu- 
dents had  been  in  attendance  during  the 
past  year. 


"  A  fellow  must  BOW  his  wild 
know,"  exclaimed  the  adolescent  John. 
"  Yes,"  replied  Annie,  "but  one  shouldn' 
begin  ao«ing  so  soon  after  cradling." 


'  satisfactiii 
,    .         ,  ,  .      "d  inapec- 

,  regietered,  to  hb.     It  ib  mailed  to  any  address 
i  premium,  free  lo  any  one  sending  three  subecribeA  and  Three  DuDai 
CofifrigiUtd,  hy  Sp9n€*r  Brotfurt,  October  7tk,  1881.       , 


inmv^ 


T 


Kr  Circle  Xd^s,  A."s7?An.5:  /tjj  ,;^l«>(T^){rUJ»lX^2>'" 


Z^  ahmt  ojis   are  alt  pAofc)  «ijni««J  frrnn  fm-and-mk  copy,  executed  at  the  office  of  the  "Journal."      Orders  for  rimitar  work  received  and  promptly  filled.      Photo- 
engraving and  pkoto-lithographing  done  in  their  highest  perfection. 
W^U  copy  designed  for  reproduction  by  either  of  the  proeutu  mutt  be  executed  twice  the  dimeneiona  of  the  desired  print,  and  with  black  India  ink. 


An  I     .JOl UVAl. 


JUST    PUBLISHEl). 


Eaton  and  Burnett's  Booli- keeping. 

KXSnV.U    KOK    U8K    IN     BuSISF^fl-COLLKflES.  TIIK    HllHIKR    GBADRS    OF     PUDLIC    A 

Fhivate  8ri  ools;    i  or  Self  -  Instruction,  asd  as  a  Rruabu 

Rl  FKRBVCE-nOOK    FOB    THE    COUNTING- HOVSE. 

fully  (T""''^.  gTiiduiilly  IwUdk  Ibp  atndeot  onward  from  Ihn  umple  to  the  L-ompl 


lily  COIDIAMMl  B 

»[)pUc*tion  in  o 


ninfttiou,  #1.1 


Eaton  and  Burnett's  Commercial  Law. 


KKVISED  AND    ENLARGED. 


I  by  eXBinpl' 
K«nry,  Partnonttliw,  tlorpumlioi 
KAVOBAULE  SATES  TO  SCHOOLS, 


..hyniail,  fgrejtwninutbn,  $1. 

EATON  &  BURNETT, 

Ealou  ,1    fiin^ftt'g  Btisinttg  College, 
BALTIMORE,  Mil. 


Selected. 

L&ititicss  travels  so  slow  that  poverty  soon 
iivertHltes  it. 

All  tlmt  if)  liiiinau  must  retrograde  if  it  do 
not  lulvHDce. 

Gel  gold  if  you  can,  young  man;  but  be- 
w»r<.  ,  f  g.,ill. 

It  is  possible  for  a  man  to  be  so  very 
uhren'd  that  in  the  long  run  he  cheats  him- 
self. 

Five  threes  are  fifteen  : — A  servant  with 
rt  turn  for  (igiirea  had  five  eggs  to  boil ;  and 
being  told  to  give  them  tiiree  minutes  each, 
boiled  them  a  quarter  of  an  huiir  together. 
—Anon. 

The  latest  improvement  in  telegraphy  is 
a  mechanical  device  whereby  a  type-writer 
at  one  point,  connected  by  a  wire  with  a 
similar  instrnment  atanotlur  noiot,  writes 
out  any  messages  sent  ov.  it  without  the 
intervention  of  the  usual  telegraph  operator. 
A  person  who  can  use  a  type-writer  can 
send  bis  own  message. 

Some  time  ago  two  London  thieves  put 
in  practice  a  plan  of  robbing  a  jeweler 
wtii(!li  had  been  described  in  a  story  in  a 
piipiiltir  iieriodical — a  piece  of  pure  inven- 
tion. The  Jeweler  wius  furious,  {he  lost 
forty  thousand  dollars,  so  it  was  excusable), 
and  wrote  to  the  editor  of  the  magazine, 
asking  him  if  it  was  his  mission  to  instruct 
thieves  in  new  ways  of  plundering  the  pub- 
lic. "My  dear  sir,"'  replied  tlio  editor 
blandly,  "if  you  had  taken  my  periodical, 
(which  I  hope  in  future  you  will  do),  you 
would  have  been  put  upon  your  guard. 
This  comes  of  neglecting  the  claims  of  lit- 

In  a  lecture  recently  delivered  before  the 
Glasgow  Scientific  Association  describing 
this  as  the  electric  ago,  as  early  periods 
were  distinguished  aa  the  stone  age,  the  iron 
ace  and  the  bronze  ago.  Mr.  Preece  re- 
ferred to  the  applicatinu,  in  this  country,  of 
the  electric  force  iu  relation  U>  fire.  In 
Chicago  be  had  learned  that  at  the  comer 
of  nearly  every  street  there  were  tire-alarm 
boxes  which  sent  a  current,  indicating  the 
locality  of  tlie  fire,  to  the  central  station. 
The  same  current  released  the  harness  of 
the  horses,  and  every  horse  was  so  beauti- 
fully trained  that  it  ran  iuto  position.  The 
same  ruriont  whipped  the  clothes  off  every 
,tireiiiaii  iu  li,-,l,  ,irow  a  trap-door,  down 
whirh  the  niau  ^li.1  into  his  place  on  the  en- 
gine, thus  dispatchiug  the  brigade  in  som> 
thing  less  than  six  seconds. 


QTEEL  PENS  for  canl-wHtiiiff; 


UAVB  you  feen  Ymii 
n  It  uol.  .end  t.'>c.  for 
lo  F.  E.  YOUMANS,  P. 


VISITING-CARDS 


I.  MOORE,  Box  27, 


WStTj' 


Practical  Book-keeping 

By  Prof.  J.  GROESBECK. 


IN  TWO  BOOKS,  VIZ.; 

College  Edition,/'"'  OilUgtt,  C<imtiureiat  & 

School    Edition,  /<"■  SehuoU  and  Acadeniiu 

The    School     Edition    of    Groeebech' 


""'•  $1.80 
.  .  1.00 
Practical 


I  mil  already 


k"p'b 

Bl-A 

ATiOM.                  Rbadv  Seitrmuhr,  1883, 

A 

New.  RevUed  aod  Enlarged  EdiU.in  of 

The 

Cr 

tiendm    Commercial  Arithmetic. 

Prl, 

ed  from  eolirely  new  electrotype  platea. 

E (dredge  &  Bro., 

B-ll 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA, 

gus 

[NESS  CAPITALS.  J  difftrtnt  tOt.  35  ontt.  bv 

L.  MADARA8Z,  Box  2126,  Nevf  Vurk  City. 

SITUATIONS. 

We 

tiav 

e  the  name*  of  leveml  well-quallBed  teaoben 

of  wn 

liii(i 

aud  commercial  brauobes,  wbo  deeire  sltua- 

Fe 

-«oiie  wiBhing  tbe  aervicet  of  lucb  are  requested 

Pbkma.1'8  AbT  Jouhnai,. 

6-t. 

^_ 

205  Broadway,  New  York. 

WANTED 


FIFTH    EDITION.  FIFTH    EDITION. 

REVISED  AND  IMPROVED. 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC. 

A  New  and  Improved  Work  on  Business  Calculations, 

Specially  Prepared  as  a  Practical  Text-book  for  Business  Colleges, 

Hig-h  Schools,  Academies  and  Universities. 


When  first  published,  it  at  once  received  the  utrongest  indorseoient  of  many  of  the 
leading  biisiitesx  educators  in  tbiH  country,  and  wan  adopted  by  over  one  hundred  promiaent 
Busineaa  Colleges  and  Private  Schools  in  the  Uuitec!  States  and  the  Canadas. 

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just  published  (512  royal  octavo  paffes),  has  been  revised,  and  improved  by  the  addition  ol 
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In  addition  to  the  publication  of  the  work  in  a  complete  edition,  for  the  convenience  ot 
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PART    FIRST 

Comprises  199  royal  octavo  pages,  begiuuiue  with  the  introduction  of  Arithmetic,  and  extending 
to  tbe  subject  of  Percentage.  The  methods  are  adapted  to  daily  use,  very  practical,  and  em 
brace  many  novel  features. 

PART.  SECOND 

Begins  with  the  subject  of  Percentage,  and  embraces  a  thorough,  exhaustive,  aud  pre-emitiently 
practical  treatment  of  the  various  arithmetical  topics,  in  a  systematic  and  natural  order. 

This  portion  of  the  work  (358  royal  octavo  pages)  was  first  published  in  September,  1880. 

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W  J-  Ulili(|iie  Hulder.  n  lib  which  I  produce  my  very 
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Address.      PEIHCE'8  BUSINESS   COLLEQE 


SPENCERIAN   BUSINESS  COLLEGE, 

Ctevtiand,  O. 
P.  R.  SjPKNCEa.  Pria.  of  Penmaoihlp  Departinent. 
No  vacaiiuaa.  CinnOarefree.       S-ll 


piij^r  isHi  n  MON  J  HI  Y,  Ai   ao*^  I  1 

/v7»crcd  ai  mc  Iro^i   ujice  oj  Acid  i 


D.  T.  AMES.  Edit 


NEW    YORK.    SEPTEMBER.   1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  9. 


Practical  Writing. 

No.  IV. 

Si'ENCER   Brothers. 


CiimnGRAi'iijo  Edi:cation. 

One  of  the  liij^lipst  purposes  of  true  edu- 
cat'uio  is,  to  qiiHlify  tlie  people  for  aelf-inain- 
teuHQce  and  for  iisefuluess  tu  each  olhpr.  A 
knowbdRe  of  practicjil  writing  being  imlis- 
penealile  iu  the  iift'nirs  of  men,  it  should  be 
placed  upon  a  roiniiiaiidiDg  eminence  in  the 
field  of  educational  end  avor.  This  being 
true,  ubder  the  inaudalo  of  necessity  its  ac- 
quirement is  a  matter  of  dct^p  iutcrCh^  aod 
uioineut  to  nil. 

Iu  this  series  of  lessons,  through  the  col- 
niiiija  of  the  Journal,  guidance  to  the 
direct  mastery  of  chirographic  art  is  in- 
tended by  methods  fully  tested  and  found  to 
load  to  good  writing. 

Ambidrxi-uous  Writing 
baa  advantages,  nhitih  learners  may  pro6t- 
aldy  avtiil  themselves  of,  not  only  practically, 
but  as  an  educational  need. 

Wo  see  with  both  eyes,  hear  with  both 
ears,  walk  on  both  fed,  and  there  are  many 
\  why  both  hands  should  be 


iiing. 


trained  for 

One  need  of  such  training  arises  from  the 
liMl.ilily  of  either  hand  becoming  maimed— 
or,  from  <)ver-u8e,  losing  iie  power  to  wield 
the  pen.  The  latter  wpuJition  is  commonly 
knon-u  as  the  peuniHu's  paralysis,  and  ujore 
frequenily  afflicts  those  who  nso  the  pencil 

li  is  taught  Viy  physiologists  that  the  left 
half  uf  the  brain  controls  the  movements 
of  the  right  hand,  and  the  right  half  governs 
tlie  u.uvemenis  of  the  left-hand.  The  duality 
of  the  braiii  f-rees  and  the  nervous  system 
is  nut  a  qii^sliuu  of  d..ubt,  and  it  is  fair  to 
conclude  that  ambidextrous  writing  calls 
luto  aelion,  alttruHt  ly,  both  lobes  of  the 
brain,  ecpializing  the  power  of  the  miud  in 
the  direeliou  aud  goverumeut  of  both  bands. 
Evi'ii  the  iuiriatory  effort  to  write  with  the 
U  ft-hand  increases  (ho  power  of  ilie  uill  in 
its  pnpiemaeyovertho  muscles,  as  may  read- 
ily be  )>Pieeiv(-»l  by  the  greater  ease  aud  free- 
dom wii h  which  the  right-ltand  is  made  to  ex- 
ecute «  hen  it  resumes  the  use  of  the  pen. 

Ax  Easy  Way 
to  train  the  left  hand  to  equal  skill  with  ils 
colleague,  is  Xo  produce  correctly,  with  pen- 
cil iu  the  right-hand,  the  alphabets,  fig- 
ures aud  a  sentence;  aud  then,  using  tlie 
Un-hahd  Hud  i-eu,  cover  the  Hups  of  the 
ptii.ileii.w„rk  with  ink,  aib)ptiog  the  same 
maimer  of  holding  the  ^en  aud  the  same 
moveiueuta  as  are  conunuu  to  the  right  hand 
aud  arui. 


Zn^Co-py.  Formation  of  Letters  — 

~  o!'^Copy  Lectora  joined  HI  ^vxids.  Kct::  size  &  ipar es  unifoim  . 


,,,^^^^.^<^2,^^^?;?^.^i^/^?^^^-^!^^<?^^-^^^-<?^^^ 


The  Pen-Sketch  cut  of  the  Hand  and 
Pen,  exhibited  with  this  Icssim,  should  be 
carefully  studied  by  the  student,  as  teaching 
correct  penholding  for  either  baud,  also  posi- 
tion of  the  forearm.  The  analysis  of  the 
illustration  is  as  follows  : 

A — Pen  crosses  the  forefinger,  just  for- 
ward of  the  knuckle  joint. 

B— Pen  crosses  the  second  finger,  ob- 
liquely, on  the  corner  of  the  nail. 

C — Point  of  pen  square  on  the  paper; 
thus  pi-<iducing  smooth  strokes. 

D  — Tip  of  penholder  pointing  over  right 
shoulder,  indicating  level  position  of  hand. 

E — End  of  thumb,  opposite  first  joiut  of 
foretinirer. 

F— Movable  rest  of  tho  hand,  on  tbo 
nails  of  tho  third  and  fourth  tiugers. 

G— The  wrist,  level,  above  the  table. 

Tho  forearm  rests  upon  the  full  uiusele,  i 
between  elbow  and  wrist.  ! 

The  pen  may  bo  transferred  from 
hand  to  the  other,  in  correct  position  fur 
until  both  are  trained  in  holding  it  corre 
and  easily.  The  paper  should  be  ph 
under  the  left-hand  and  arm  iu  the  s; 
relative  position  as  under  the  right,  to  sei 
correct  slant  of  the  letters. 

The  parao  slant  should  olitain,  in  \i 
ing,  with  either  hand,  as  a  result  of  cor 
ponding  positions  and  movements. 

A  BUIEP  STfDV  AND  CAREFUi 

of  the  copies,  ht^rcwith  eiveu,  to  illustrate 
umvements,  siuylo  letters,  short  words  aud 
extended  combinations,  wil!  p-uvo  benetivial 
to  learners. 

Copy  I.  presents  an  exercise  of  horizontal 
ovals,  bisected  with  left  e 
lines,  waved  and  straight-lin 
The  recurring  action  of  the  f.-rearm,  band, 
and  finger  movementi  can  be  distinctly  ju'e- 
eeived  in  writing  this  copy.  I  be  mauuer 
of  uniting  the  left  curve  with  a  short  turn 
at  the  top  to  the  (.lauting  straight  line, 
should  be  carefully  ohservetl,  aud  the  point 
or  acute  angle  at  tho  rule-ltue  must  he 
formed  without  retracing  thfi  down  with  tbo 
up  stroke.  * 

In  the  second  oval,  tho  straight  lines  are 
united  by  both  left  and  right  curves  with 


[rHiglit 


I  tho  t 


jd  ha 


peating   the   strokes   of  the  ovals,  as 
greater  forms  pass  to  the  lesser  funus  of  the 


exercise,  going  over  them  but  onue.  As  in 
preceding  lessons,  the  writer  shotdd  lightly 
trace  copie.",  first  with  a  wooden  poiut  or 
stylus,  adiiplii  g  position  aud  movements  to 
the  forms  in  the  copy. 

Copy  II.  gives  the  short  letters  n,  ni,  v,  x, 
dependent  upon  the  straight  line,  riirht  and 
left  curves,  known  as  the  1st,  2d  and  'M 
principles  or  principal  parts  of  letters.  In 
connection  with  tho  quantifying  of  forms, 
the  learner  should  note  that  small  m  has 
seven  parts,  while  «  has  but  five,  et<!.  Tho 
hight  of  these  letters  is  one-n'nth  of  an 
inch  spare;  the  n  is  one  spare  in  width; 
the  m  two  spaces,  moasuritig  between  the 
straight  hues;  v  measures  one-half  space 
botwccu  the  second  aud  third  strokes  at  the 
top.  The  turns  and  acute  angles,  in  the 
three  letters  first  named,  are  the  same  as 
taught  in  the  Exercise-copy  I.  The  sryle  of 
X  given  is  formed  without  the  use  of  the 
straight  line.  Four  curves  enter  iuto  its 
formation,  the  first  of  whirli  is  a  left-curve 
joined  with  short  turn  to  a  slight  right  curve 
forming  the  lelt  half  of  the  letter  ;  tho  right 
side  is  composed  of  a  gentle  left- curve  joined 
iu  a  short  turn  at  the  base  to  a  right-curve, 
which  passes  up»ardsoue  space  at  an  angle 
ot  thirty  degrees.  The  main  slant  of  fifty- 
two  di'grees  should  he  tjiveu,  not  (m!y  to 
the  It-tlers  iu  ibis  lesson,  but  to  all  tetters 
corro.s|iondiiig  to  the  plain,  busiue-s-styles 

None  uf  these  short  letters  are  shaded. 
Copy    III.    unites    the    letters    of    Copy 


Thu 


liue  or  dimhle-curvu  must  bo  obsei^ved  in 
wriling  the  last  two  letters  iu  n'<n,  vim,  and 
nux.  The  di-tanee  betwi-cn  letters  iu  words 
is  one  and  one-fourth  spaces. 

Numerical  comparisons  should  not  only 
he  made  as  to  number  of  parts  in  li-tter^^, 

iary  works.  Nun  w  formed  with  thirteen 
ftrokes  uf  the  pen;  the  ninth  stroke  or  Hue 
is  a  waved  line.  Each  stroke  is  esscutial  to 
the  formation  of  tho  word,  as  may  readily 
be  seen  by  removing  the  eighth  stroke,  or 
Iw  attempting  the  word  without  using  that 
DtVoke: 

Copy  IV.  represents  the  letters  m,  i,  n, «, 
combined  iu  extended  groups.  Join  the 
letters  with  sli.Lng  movement,  aud  carry  the 
hand  ihruogh  from  the  beginning  tu  the  end 


of  each  combination  with  easy,  ficxible  ac- 
tion without  lifiitig  the  pen. 

Observe  cirefully  the  proper  use  nf  waved 
lines,  between  in,  u»i,and  similar  examples; 
remembering  that  tho  correct  use  of  this  line 
is  a  feature  of  legibility  essential  to  good 
writing. 

Different  Scales 
of  \vriting  should  be  studied.  The  pen- 
man unacquainted  with  only  one  scale  of 
writing  would  be  as  poorly  equipped  us  a 
printer  who  would  attempt  a  geheral  pub- 
lishing business  with  only  one  size  uf  type 
at  his  command. 

A''ter  becoming  familiar  with  the  scale  of 
one-niuth  of  an  inch,  the  writer  shr)uld  learn 
how  to  vary  the  scale  in  such  a  manner  as 
to  determine  the  size  of  writing  required  for 
the  different  uses  into  which  practical  writ- 
ing must  enter. 

The  CHtnoGRAPHic  Ruler 
advertised  and  sold  by  the  Journal  is  the 
best  aid  to  bo  bad  for  this  purpose.  It 
furnishes  all  of  the  measurements  for  the 
different  scales  of  writing  used  in  business. 
The  students  should  rule  the  various  scales, 
and  adapt  alphabets  and  sentences  t()  them, 
repeatedly,  until  familiar  Tilth  all  sizes  o^ 
business- writing.  It  is  a  method  which  is 
not  only  pleasing,  but  proves  successful  in 
tbo  hands  of  those  who  give  it  a  fair  trial. 

Several  Sizes  of  Writing 
Ilhistrateo. 


1      Xet^^-f  -y-*!c  /^/iys: 


^S^ 


ti^^l 


Printing  tetters  with  the  pen  ante-dates, 
many  centuries,  the  invention  of  typos. 
The  pen  is  the  parent  of  both  ancient  and 
modern  letters,  aud  tho  types  are  the  castA 
and  recasts  of  the  forms  which  it  has  ))ro- 
duced.    They  are   varied  iu  size,  frutn  the 


'Xkt  Joukn  vjc: 


tJDjr  cbuntcriTB  usi'il  iu  uuiiiiig 
Tolom©   tlie  old  aud   new   vers 

a  ove  litile 
oQS  uf  Ihe 

BiMp,  up  til  th«  groMt  M.icka  e 

m ployed  id 

priuliuK  inmuinuth  pnstora. 

Ci.irinrrapliy— in  iis  iimlliform  UBei«,  from 
the  lly-lHArtnu.nir«ndii  I'l  llie  pngr.issiog  of 
trefitica  liiitwueo  Dittioaa — miixt  admit  of  be- 
ing inadtf  UrgH  and  proininenl,  ot  sinnll  and 
condensed.  i*r«cliRnl  cljifs  rjf  writing  are 
fonned  cm  fcttlf-s'izps  varying  frcra  one- 
aixteputh  lo  oun-fifth  of  au  inch ;  the  tme- 
fiftli  pari  of  an  inch  for  eliort  letters  is  the 
maxiiiitim  eizein  ledger- headings  and  in  eu- 
groBHi.g. 

The  cHpilals  ami  loops,  as  eoinmonly 
taiiglit,  HHf  fomii-d  three  limes  the  liight  uf 
lie  short  IcHers.  Proportions  may,  by  iu- 
creasing  ihe  regular  pcale  of  forms  both 
above  and  beloiv  the  line,  be  readily  varied 
in  tlie  diftV-rciit  rlu-sfs  of  !•  Iters  as  fompari-d 


to 


eh    other 


le  .].ace  a.-  . 
may  reipi' 


Wiitiug  can  bu  reduced 
below  the  standnrd  »Wa', 
by  either  half  or  wliule 

BpHCCi>,  thus  Hdilptillg    it 

to    very    narrow -niled 

change  tlic  scale  of  th<  ir 
work  by  for.,>ing  Ihe 
ehort  letter"  <.n  one- 
tenth  itieh  si'hI'' ;  CHi'ital 
and  looped  lellers.threc- 
fifits,  ihree-eighilis  or 
Ihref-iiiuihs  of  an  lueli 


I'^-liand  niHy  be 
1   on   a  Rculo  of 


letli 


•r.-;.  i-ix  ^ixteenths  fni- 
'mic.i  and  capital 
■rs,    Biid    iI.ree-Mj[- 


Markin^ Alphabet  MJ. 


bis  handivriiing  as  swiftly  and  certainly  as 
the  thoughts  leap  into  words,  sentences, 
paragraphs  and  artieles,  complete  in  their 
expression  of  the  views  of  the  writer. 

We  act  differently  in  different  places.  We 
write  diflereutly.  each  one  of  us  acconling 
to  onr  moods.  The  method  should  suit  the 
occasion,  compass  the  uecepsiiies  of  theoAse, 
and  meet  the  rerpiirements  of  the  occasion, 
whatever  iheoccas'ion  may  be. 

The  laboreil  and  elegant  engrossing  be- 
longs to  one  place,  the  swiftness  of  simplicity 
to  auother,  while  the  or'ginality  which  en- 
nobles all  labor  should  develops  new  grace 
ami  new  types  of  loveliness  fr.mi  the  writer's 
ioMiost  being,  whether  the  style  be  simple 
or  elaboral''. 

Wo  are  not  parrots  to  do  the  same  thing 
over  and  over  in  monotonous  ri-petition,  one 
after  auother,  in  |irecisely  the  same  way. 

Whatever  we  do 
should  bear  the  im- 
press of  the  shaping 


j^B  CnEFGffl^KLMjV 

orQBSTi/vwxrz  & 

a 6  cdefgh  ij/cimn  op  grs  I 
urwxi/z.  /234S6/'890 


'ill  nf  that  ininj 
or,t  the  will  of 
icr.    In  the  use 


iir  the  [tPD  this  jirin- 

ciple  will  apply. 

j       All  types  of  ppr- 

\    fectoess  are  worthy 

of  Pttidy ;  but  not  l>y 

■ility  to  any  one 

particular,    will 


ii-sdv, 


Gr 


will 

tppak,eaiuwillliinl 
expression,  and  ev- 
erything of  culture 
or  (levelopinent  pos- 
sessed by  us,  will 
live  in  what  wo  do. 


led  lette 


tcenlhs  a>  tlio  bight  of  sp 
from   the  ruliil  line.     The  maxiinuni 
for  Ifdepr-lip.i.lii.ga  is  one-fifth   inch, 
)-eiglitb  inch,  spaces. 


Lesson  II. 
Box  and  Package  Marking, 
liv  D.  T.  Ames. 


Italic  alplu.h,t  as  the  one  best  adapted  f. 
email  iiackaEes  to  be  muihpcl  with  a  flue 
brush  or  bioail-poiulpd  pen;  it  is  also  iiiucli 
nsp.l  for  loailiing,  on  n  laree  sralo.  upon 
boxes,  biilh-iiiif,  etc.  The  fame  style  of 
letters  may  bo  used  on  an  upright  or  direct 

It  is  probable  that  some  form  of  the  Ro- 
man letters  is  much  more  generally  used  for 
marhing-purpospB  than  any  other  stylo  of 
lettering.  This  too,  may  bo  made  upon 
either  >l.nt  or  pptppudicular. 

The. cut,  henuilh,  prespnls  the  form  iu 
which  the  Uoiiuiii  is  ouist  Iriqnpully  used. 
A  semi  script  style  of  htteiing  is  quile  fie- 
qneutly  lised  ;  but  this  we  bflieve  to  rcMilt 
more  Irom  the  fact  that  irincli  marking  is  done 
by  persiuis  « lio  have  given  neither  Muily  nor 
attoulion  to  nniiking,  as  an  art;  and  hence, 
having  u.i  S]iprinl  kuewledgo  <.f  the  proper 

marking  styles mbine.  to  suit  their  skill 

and  faucy,  their  kicwliilgo  of  writing  aud 
lettering,  iu  such  a  luatiticr  as  to  pio- 
duco  a  cross  between  script  aud  Komau 
lotteriug. 

The  alphabet  piv-n  herewith  as  a  copy, 
has  bcc-u  prepared  and  engraved  specially 
for  this  lesson,  and  is  a  fac-simile  of  oiiginal 
brush  lettering.  It  is,  we  believe,  the  most 
feasible,  ap))ropriate,  aud  generally  adopted 
style  by  skilled  markers.  The  size  which 
letters  should  be  made  will  depend  upon  Iho 
magnitude  of  package,  ortlic  extent  of  space 
which  may  be  occupied  with  the  marking. 
It  should  be  practiced  by  learners,  both 
with  »  brush  and  a  broad  nibbed  pen.  With 
a  brush,  letters  shoiihl  bo  made  upon  a  scale 
of  from  ouo  I.,  thrio  iucbes  iu  bight,  ob- 
serving llio  proportions  between  cajntals, 
•mall  letters,  and  Cgures,  as  given  iu  the 
copy.     With  a  broad  pen  Ibey  should  bo 


made    upon   a    scale   varying 
eighth    to    three-fourths    of    i 
bight. 

(To  It  covlimitd.) 


Form  should   Suit  the  Occasion. 

By  judge  Maple. 

Form,  as  apjdied  to  the  science  of  writing, 

shotild  suit  the  circumstance  and  the   oc- 


The  ornate  lettering  and  finished  decora- 
tion belong  togethor  and  have  a  proper 
place. 

The  large  roiiud-liand  and  the  rapid  rrn- 
uing  hand  liave  separate  .spheres  aud  tepar- 
ato  and  diftiuct  purposes. 

The  mascnliue-hand  and  Ibe  femiuice- 
hand  an*  both  jroitcr,  each  in  its  place. 

The  btisinesf-hauil,  iu  its  couil.imition  of 
rapidity,  timplifily,  di^liiiclucps,  and  unpre- 
tenliousiiess,  has  likewito  iisj  owu  parii  :ular 
sphere. 

To  mistake  the  proper  style  belonging  to 
any  sphere,  is  to  ili.play  luck  .)f  taste  and 
business  ability  |  which  ability  really  tjieaiis 
adaplaldlity  tothe  <.ecasb.n.  Fr(Uu  adapt- 
ability to  the  occasion  all  good  writing 
makes  its  progress. 

Fr.un  the  sense  o'  business  which  adapts 
itself  to  various  occash.us,  the  style  of  the 
best  peumeu  is  seen  lo  v»ry.  Abo,  from  tho 
same  sense  of  fitness  cuius  in  iividuality 
ill  wriiiiiE.  This  is  developed  tlirough  the 
taste,  buliils  and  idio.sjucrucics  of  dlilerenl 
individuals. 

Basing  all  growth  upon  simplicity  of 
form,  method  and  siyle,  the  difl'erence 
iu  tho  difl'ereut  mental  qualities  of  va- 
rious persons  will  find  exjuession  iu  their 
uuale  of  writing.  If  imitatiim  bo  the  paru- 
inount  tjiiality,  the  writing  will  bear  its  like- 
ne.«s  to  tho  thing  copied.  But  takiug  the 
work  of  various  imitators,  ne  shall  sion 
discern  the  work  of  each  from  the  work 
of  all  others.  If  character  aud  origiuatily 
mark  the  individual,  the  basis  of  simplicity 
will  stand  to  him  as  a  rock  whereon  to 
build  the  expression  of  ubatevr  mental 
qualities  or  bablu  may  be  part  of  his  daily 


The  simplest  forms  take  on  new  mean- 
ings under  the  creative  touch  of  varying 
hands.  And  all  knowledge  of  form  which 
a  writer  may  possess,  will  siunehow  creep 
into  his  style  to  emphasize  a  feel'ng  here  or 
there,  just  as  culture,  iu  any  direction,  will 
Bound  in  the  vidce,  beam  in  the  glance, 
speak  in  the  tread,  aud  fiud  expression  iu 
every  gesture. 

Form,  in  being  adapted  to  tho  occasion, 
but  gives  expression  lo  what  the  writer  is, 
has  been,  or  may  be. 

All  standard  forms  take  soul  and  life  and 
meaning,   accnnliiig  to  their  cinuhiuations 

ami  1 lo  of  development  under  tho  sway 

of  the  intellect  that  bids  thom  serve  its  pur- 
1  ose. 

Starting  from  the  same  foundation, no  two 
can  pur.sue  precisely  the  same  line  ofgrovvth. 
Hverytliiug  takes  Us  peculiarity  (rom  its 
source  of  origin. 

The  lialit,  fine  feminine-hand  belongs  to 
the  light,  iiue  f-mininc  touch— and  the  men- 
tal dilic«ey,  which  is  the  spirit  of  guidance 
iu  its  cri-alion. 

Leaving  ornament  ont  of  business  entirely, 
tho  wriiiiig  of  some  will  nevertheless  be 
oruHuieiital  Iu  all  the  cliaracterislica  of 
beauty.  Show  <.r  vain,  parade  will  have  no 
pari  iu  it,  but  the  beautiful  symmetry  in  all 
its  parts,  the  grttce  exprewed  in  f-irm,  slnpe, 
size  and  inoveiiunt,  together  with  the  tasto 
iiiiide  iriaiiifust  iu  all  particulars,  make  beau- 
tiful the  vtry  simiiliiity  under  which  the 
unprclentioua  sought  to  obtain  shelter. 

Aecordiug  to  this  i>rinciple  now  ftirma 
are  begotten,  and  spring  into  existence  to 
fit  the  writer's  varying  moods,  just  as,  in  the 
Divine  plan,  individuals  are  create  1  for  par- 
ticular spheres,  aud  developed  for  particular 
purp<.s.-s. 

Tlie  jdain  penman,  if  a  thinker,  jumps  at 
the  expression  in  form  which  best  fits  his 
feelings  for  the  litne  being,  lie  has  his 
standards,  but  he  dors  not  stt»p  to  ponder 
upon  them  when  a  weightier  matter  possesses 
hi.-*  farulties.  His  thougbu  leap,  and  he 
takes  the  inelhod  of  serving  them  which 
suits  him  aud  them,  without  parleying  or 
b.ng  deliberation.  In  this  way  the  form 
is  made  to  suit  the  occasion,  and  in  this  way 
the  iudividualily  of  every  ihiuker  leaps  into 


the  form: 


;  the  f 


id  the 


Educational  Notes. 


New  Voi-k.     Uriel  edauaiional  ilfras  aolicited'.j 

Texas  will  have  an  available  school-fund 
of$!)UO,UOU  this  year. 

Education  may  not  prevent  crime,  Lut  it 
is  crime  to  prevent  education. 

The  Phila.lelphia  Medical  College  gradu- 
ated 70!»  studcuts  iu  18dl.  The  number  for 
ie6U;ras7aj. 

Women  are  admitted  to  Cornell  Univer- 
sity ou  tho  same  conditions  as  tnen,  except 
they  must  be  seveuteeu  years  of  age. 

Friends  of  Yale  College  are  endeavoring 
to  raij^e  $25,000  for  the  creciion  of  a  buUd- 
ing  in  whiuh  to  hold  religious  meetings. 

The  Uuiversity  of  KaiJFas.  which  was 
founded  at  Lawrence  in  J85y,  now  has 
eighteen  professors  aud  45U  studeuts, — N.Y. 
Ecmigdiot. 

A  distinguished  Geiman  geographer  is  of 
opiui(m  that  tho  diamond  district  of  AfricA 
is  tho  0|diir  from  which  King  S>dom«m  drew 
such  liberal  supplies  uf  gold  and  precious 

Over  10,000,000  pupils  are  enrolled  in  tho 
public  schools  in  this  country,  aud  tho  ex- 
penditure is  about  $80,00',OUI)  annually. 
Thirty  States  have  a  permanent  scbocd-fuud* 
ofSUO,OOU,000. 

The  Agricultural  College  at  Ilaoover, 
N.  H.,  will,  at  its  next  lerin,  admit  wotiieo 
pupils,  who  will  be  given  a  special  course  of 
study,  including  butter  and  cheese  making, 
and  dairying  in  all  its  brauches. 

The  illustrated  papers  jirint  pictures  of 
college  base-ball  nines  and  boat  crews,  but 
it  has  passed  out  of  memory  when  they  pub- 
lished a  group  of  the  "  lionor  uien  "  of  a 
graduating  class. — School  Journal. 

Alexander  II.  Stephens  has,  since  re- 
entering Congress,  kept  at  school  from  ten 
to  6fieeu  pupils  struggling  for  au  education^ 
paying  tuition   for  those  needing  but  that 


Tin:     I'INMVN 


VIM     JOl  UVAL 


usisUnce,  and  the  entire  expCDse  for  those 
more  needy. 

At  Amherst  College  Commencement 
Pregident  Seelye  announced  that  the  sum  of 
$270,000  had  been  contributed  during  the 
put  year — more  money  than  in  any  former 
year  of  the  college's  existence. —  N.  0. 
Christian  Advocate. 

Boston  ULiversity  has  taken  a  step  which 
the  proEressivenill  heartily  approve.  Sixty- 
four  acholarships  have  been  established  in 
the  College  of  Liberal  Arts,  to  be  awarded 
to  nieritoriouB  stiidenlB,  and  to  be  divided 
equally  between   young  women  and  young 

The  following  words  were  given  by  Prof. 
J.  W.  Rusk  for  pronunciation,  at  a  receut 
meeting  of  the  Ashtabula  County  (O.) 
Teachers'  Association : 

Allies,  aged,  aggrandize,  bade,  blackguard, 
bombast,  brunb,  calliope,  oarbiue,  comba- 
tant, combativeness,  clangor,  construe,  de- 
cade, disarm,  disaster,  recitative,  pianoforte, 
falcon,  finance,  finale,  forge,  homage,  per- 
emptory, lyceum,  orthoepy,  papa,  acoustics, 
plebeian,  irrefragable. 

The  children  can  work  out  the  following. 
It  will  keep  them  quiet  this  hot  weather: 
Sleepers. — A  sleeper  is  one  who  sleeps.  A 
sleeper  is  that  in  which  the  sleeper  sleeps. 
A  sleeper  is  that  on  which  the  sleeper  which 
carries  the  sleeper  while  he  sleeps  runs. 
Therefore  while  the  sleeper  sleeps  in  tbe 
sleeper  the  sleepi-r  carries  tlic  sleeper  over 
the  sleeper  under  the  sleeper  until  the 
sleeper  which  carries  the  sleeper  jumps  ofl' 
the  sleeper  and  wakes  the  sleeper  in  the 
sleeper  by  striking  the  sleeper  under  the 
sleeper,  and  there  is  no  sleeper  in  tbe  sleeper 
on  the  sleeper. 

Educational  Fancies. 

You  may  talk  all  day  to  the  other  letters, 
but  a  word  to  the  Y'»  is  sufficient. 

Why  is  the  letter  D  like  a  fallen  angel  t 
Because  by  its  association  with  evil  it  be- 
comes a  devil. 

"What  is  meant  by  muscular  Christiani- 
ty ? "  "I  do  not  know,  my  child,  unless  it 
is  pewgilism." 

A  boy  whose  teacher 
the  rod  says  they  have 
days"  at  his  school. 

"  John,"  said  a  teacher,  "  I'm  very  sorry 
to  have  to  punish  you."  "  Then  don't. 
I'll  let  yon  otl'  this  time,"  responded  John. 

The  time  necessary  to  acquire  an  excellent 
handwriting  was  always  long,  but  writing- 
teachers  (in  olden   times)  were  frequently 

Pupil  to  teacher:  You  say  that  the  stars 
we  see  are  planets  and  fixed  stars,  I  wonder 
if  the  fixed  stars  planet  so  as  to  be  all  well 
tixed? 

When  we  read  of  the  modern  miracles 
wrought  by  laying-on  of  hands,  we  regret 
that  refractory  pupils  cannot  be  cured  by 
the  same  method. 

When  yoQ  hear  a  young  lady  very  care- 
fully say,  "I  haven't  saw,"  you  may  bo 
quite  confident  that  she  is  a  recent  graduate 
of  one  of  the  most  tliorough  of  our  nuraer- 


1  rather  free  with 
>o  many  "  hoUer- 


A  pupil  with  large  understanding  was  re- 
ducing a  given  number  of  inches  to  its 
equivalent  in  higher  denominations,  and 
after  finishing  the  first  division,  turned  to 
the  class  and  made  this  pleasing  announce- 
ment: "  I  will  now  rcdui^e  my  feet." 

Teacher,  to  infant  class  in  Sunday-school : 
"What  is  promised  to  the  righteous t" 
"Eternal  bliss,  marm."  Teacher:  "And 
to  the  wicked  r"  77iin  voice  from  tht  bott^tn 
of  the  class :  "  Eternal  blister."  There  was 
one  penny  less  on  the  plate  that  day. 

In  a  certain  room  there  are  eleven  women 
sitting  down.  A  lady,  with  a  new  S(iring 
bonnet  on,  passes  the  house.  Find  the  number 
who  got  up  and  rushed  to  the  window. 
(That's  where  you  are  fooled.  One  of 'em 
was  too  lame  to  get  out  of  her  chair.) 

"You  exasperating  little  simpleton,  you 
have  not  pot  a  particle  of  capacity,"  said 
an  Austin  schoolteacher  to  little  Johnny 
Fizzletop,  adding.  "What  will  become  of 
you  when  you  grow  up?  How  will  you 
earn  your  saltf  "I  dunno— teach  school, 
I  reckon."  Whack!  Whack!  Whack! — 
Texas  Siftings. 

"When  did  George  Wasbini-ton  die?" 
asked  a  Texas  teacher  of  a  large  boy.  "  Js 
he  deadf"  was  the  astonished  reply. 
"  Why,  it  is  not  more  than  six  months  ngo 
that  they  were  celebrating  his  birthday,  and 
now  he  is  dead.  It's  a  bad  year  ou  children. 
I  reckon  his  folks  let  hiuu  eat  something 
thatdidn't  agree  with  him." — Texas  Siftings. 

[In  every  iustauce  where  the  source  of  any 
item  used  in  thiH  department  is  known,  the 
proper  credit  is  given.  A  like  coui-leay  from 
fjlhtji-B  will  be  appreciated.] 


with  (52)  fifly-two  letters,  is  a  clinchhig 
argument  that  the  teaching  of  figures  should 
precede  that  of  letters. 

And  this  is  doubly  true  from  the  fact  that 
the  number-work  in  our  first  grade,  as  well 
as  others,  is  demanded  at  the  outset. 

The  special  work  done  during  writing- 
hour  must  be  impregnated  into  the  general 
work  of  classes,  else  all  will  be  a  dead-let- 
ter. Agaiu,  without  the  proper  applicAtion 
of  the  special  to  the  general  work,  there  can 
be  no  gratifying  results. 

We  are  now  ready  to  begin  the  formation 
of  short  letters,  as  given  in  3rd  Copy:  be- 
ginuiug  with  small  i.  I  know  that  this  class 
of  work  will  be  produced  far  easier,  and 
with  much  more  satisfaction  to  both  teacher 
and  pupils,  by  the  preliminary  work  done, 
than  by  any  other  method.  "  Well  begun 
is  half  done." 

The  judgment  of  the  child  thus  far  has 
been  so  impro\ed  that  the  first  attempts  at 
producing  letters  are  so  encouraging  that 
both  teacher  and  pupils  arc  enthusiastic,  and 
now  the  victory  is  half  won.  One  by  one 
the  short  letters  are  passed,  like  the  figures, 
until  the  thirteen  have  been  executed. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  curse  of  lessons, 
the  children  realize  that  all  their  powers 
are  to  be  centered  on  the  combination  of 
short  letters — forming  the  words,  as  given 
in  copy — and  passing  same  as  all  other 
work,  each  word  simply.  Other  words  may 
be  given  if  desired. 

ifote. — It  may  be  advisable  to  write  short 
worda  from  the  eaeier  letters— i,  u,  w,  e,  n,  ui, 
o— before  fiiiifliing  x,  v,  s,  c,  a,  r.  I  would 
vecunimend  it  as  a  good  plan,  and  one  to  be 
pui'»ited  with  pupils  somewhat  slow. 


the  same  copy,  whether  right  or  wrong, 
until  the  page  is  finished. 

If  the  copy  is  too  difficult,  and  beyond  the 
ability  of  part  of  the  class,  you  cannot 
help-  them  to  help  themselves,  with  this 
course  of  treatment,  any  more  than  you  can 
make  a  child  lift  one  hundred  pounds  when 
its  capacity  is  only  seventy-five. 

Agaiu,  if  the  copy  be  too  easy,  then  the 
best  efi'orts  of  the  chfld  are  not  called  forth, 
and  carelessness  will  do  as  much  damage  in 
this  CAse  as  iliscouragement  in  the  other. 

Conclusion. — The  work  piwcribed  must 
always  be  within  the  ability  of  the  pupil, 
if  encouragement  would  come  to  all. 

C.  11.  Peircb. 
{To  he  continwd.) 


At  Alton,  III.,  a  irei'lier  asked  all 
Sunday-school  children  who  intended  to 
visit  the  wicked,  soul-destroying  circus  to 
stand  up.  All  but  a  lame  girl  stood  up. — 
"  Independent." —  Ex. 

General  Spinner  is  fishing  in  Florida, 
with  great  success.  He  baits  with  his  sig- 
nature, and  the  fish  that  can  distinguish  it 
from  the  writhingest  kind  of  a  worm  has  to 
be  an  expert  of  many  years'  standing. — 
ThompsoiCs  Reporter. 

Suuday-school  teacher  to  very  knowing 
pupil  who  had  asserted  that  Eve  would  not 
have  eaten  the  apple,  had  she  lived  «t  the 
present  day :  "  Why  do  you  make  such  as- 
sertion t  "Because,"  said  V.  K.  P.,  "she 
would  liave  said  to  the  serpent,  '  Not  this 
Eve,  some  other  Eve.'" 


The   "Peircerian"   Method   of 

Instruction. 
Its  Application  in  Public  Schools. 

Continued. — Article  IV. 
Day  after  day  the  children  continue  to 
make  the  figures  upon  their  copy-books, 
advancing  as  their  several  abilities  will  allow. 
As  the  work  on  slates,  by  the  stragglers,  is 
brought  to  the  proper  standard,  a  change  is 
made  to  the  copy-book,  and  the  work  pre- 
scribed the  same  as  usual.  By  this  time  the 
leaders  of  the  class  will  have  finished  the 
figures  satisfactorily,  both  single  and  from  1 
to  100,  as  per  No.  2  'if  Programme  "  A." 

Points  Established. — In  addition  to  the 
general  object  aimed  at,  and  attained,  viz., 
the  true  conception  of  figures,  with  power  to 
execute,  (see  argument  on  figures  in  July 
number  of  JOURNAL,  1881,)  you  have  es- 
tablished : 

1st,  Position  ctf  copy-book ; 

2nd,  Position  of  body,  feet  and  arms; 

3rd,  The  holding  of  the  pencil— the  best 
the  littlofnger  will  allow; 

4th,  Position  of  wrist — the  best  that  at 
preseut  can  be  secured  ; 

Jth,  A  general  knowledge  of  form; 

ath,  A  general  knowledge  of  slant ; 

"(/(,  A  general  knowledge  of  spacing; 

Sth,  A  general  knowledge  of  higlit ; 

!>th,  A  general  knowledge   of  arrange- 

10th,  Uniformity  in  size ; 

11th,  Position  of  each  figure; 

12th,  Smoothness  of  stroke; 

13th,  Intelligent  criticism; 

14th,  Intelligent  practice,  etc.,  etc.; 
and,  indirectly,  the  pupils  will  have  learned 
to  avoid  making  the  figures  too  heavy;  too 
large ;  too  small ;  or  varying  in  size.  There 
is  so  much  to  be  learned,  preparatory  to  the 
usual  object  aimed  at,  viz.,  the  form  of  let- 
ters, that,  in  late  years,  it  has  been  amusing 
to  me  to  see  the  old,  old  process  repeated 
without  cessation  in  the  vain  endeavor  to 
accomplish  the  wonderful  feat — that  of  teach- 
ing pupils  liuw  to  write. 

The  question  has  hmg  been  settled  in  my 
mind  as  to  what  should  be  doue,  and  how, 
with  any  one,  old  or  young,  who  has  a 
smattering  6r  no  knowledge  of  how  to  write, 
as  well  as  the  more  advanced.  A  com- 
parison of  the   figures    (the    nine    difldt&l. 


or  the  first  time,  doubtless,  those  who 
attempting  to  follow  me  will  offer  the 
ask  the  question,  "Will  not 
this  plan  of  work  scatter  the  class,  and  in  a 
few  lessons,  or  in  the  course  of  time,  have 
part  of  the  pupils  discouraged  t"  I  would 
reply,  No.  While,  at  first,  the  tendency 
will  be  to  scatter,  it  will  not  be  long  until 
every  one  will  settle  down  to  honest  work, 
and  the  very  best  results  will  follow.  Upon 
the  principle  of  an  army  marching,  the  men 
will  scatter  all  along  the  way ;  but  at  the 
end  of  the  day  the  greater  portion  will 
reach  ramp.  You  could  not  keep  them  to- 
gether with  all  possible  efl'ort.  Therealways 
have  been  stragglers,  and  there  always  will 
be.  Docs  discouragnient  come  to  the  sold- 
ier in  the  war  because  he  is  not  in  the  front 
rankf  Should  discouragemeut  come  tothe 
child  simply  because  he  is  not  up  with  every- 
body elset 

No  teacher  has  to  be  told  that  children 
are  difi'erently  constituted,  and  that  their 
powers  at  first  are  wide  apart.  This  great 
difference  in  ability  —  the  result  of  home 
training  and  home  surroundings,  etc.,  etc., 
coupled  with  absence,  caused  from  tardiness, 
sickness,  "playing  hookey,"  etc.,  transfers, 
change  of  teachers,  all  are  against  the  class 
system  of  instruction,  and  favorable  to  in- 
dividual instruction. 

■  Upon  the  class  basis,  some  children  are 
taken  beyond  their  depth  and  discouraged, 
while  others  are  encouraged  in  carelessness 
because  of  havii.;<  work  too  easy. 

fustruction  murit  bo  given  suited  to  in- 
dividual needs,  if  the  greatest  good  be  done 
to  the  greatest  number. 

With  individual  instruction  under  any  ad- 
verse circumstances,  the  pupil  always  begins 
where  he  left  off,  and  day  by  day  gains 
strength  that  gives  encouragement  with 
every  step.  He  soon  becomes  strong,  and 
with  every  effort  becomes  more  and  more 
determined,  until  he  wins  his  prize,  viz., 
catches  up.  Upon  this  plan,  a  pupil  ia  en- 
couraged to  work  out  of  school-hours — 
something  unknown  with  any  other  course 
of  instruction — becau&e  he  gets  credit  for 
all  progress  made.  This  is  appreciated  by 
every  pupil  who  has  a  particle  of  ambition. 
Children,  like  grown  persons,  expect  tbe 
proper  recognition  for  their  work  as  well  as 
pay  lor  the  same. 

The  teacher  cannot  give  credit  i'l  class 
iDNtrnotion,  becunse  each  pupil  must  write 


How  the  Pen  has  Painted  Satan. 
By  Mart  E.  Martin. 
My  very  first  introduction  to  an  etching 
of  His  Majesty  was  when  as  a  little  child 
too  young  to  read.  I  had  climbed  upon  a 
chair  to  look  at  the  pictures  in  the  Good 
Book  lying  open  on  the  table.  It  was  a 
very  old  Bible,  so  old  that  its  leaves  were 
yellow  with  age.  The  Book  was  open  to  a 
picture  of  him — there  he  stood,  with  hornB 
and  hoof;  his  body  all  covered  over  with 
scales;  his  long  tail  f<iritod,  aud  on  his 
shoulder  a  pitchfork.  How  my  heart-beats 
burned.  How  my  hair  seemed  to  stand  up 
at  the  sight.  I  called  out  to  my  dear,  good  ' 
father:  "Tell  me,wliat  isthatf"  In  correct 
theology  he  told  me. 

In  the  years  that  have  slipped  between 
the  then,  and  the  now,  I  have  seen  him 
many  a  lime ;  not  in  an  etching,  but  his 
horns  nicely  covered  up  under  the  hat  of  the 
man  of  leSijiing,  his  hoofs  I  have  seen 
pinched  iu  the  boots  of  the  young  man  in 
society,  and  his  forked  tail  I  have  seen 
coiled  away  under  the  cassock  and  surplice 
at  God's  altar.  I  have  seen  him  in  the 
sweet  smile  of  a  woman,  in  the  glitter  of 
herdiamouds.inthetossofberhead.  Wheth- 
er the  Pen  has  done  well  to  etch  him,  it  is 
not  my  intention  to  show;  but  in  poetry,  in 
fiction,  iu  all  ages,  and  in  all  forms,  the  Pen 
has  never  been  idle  on  his  portrait.  Long 
before  the  Sorbonne  at  Paris  had  accused 
Dr.  Faust  with  being  linked  with  His  Ma- 
jesty, the  Pen  had  given  the  Mosaic  account 
of  Eden;  aud  in  Job,  the  Pen  shows  him 
presenting  himself  boldly  before  God.  There 
is  no  age  in  which  the  Pen  has  not  drawn 
him.  Il  the  old  Indian  mythology  Shiva 
stands  side  by  side  with  Brahma  aud  Vishnu. 
Africa  still  paints  him  in  the  blackest  hue. 
Homer's  pen  led  Ulysses  into  the  realms  of 
Pluto.  Sophocles  painted  him  with  three 
heads,  and  Prometheus,  iu  his  endless  hatred 
of  the  Creator,  is  a  picture  of  liim.  In  ihe 
theological  drama  called  "  Mysteries,"  the 
pen  of  the  Dark  Ages  gave  loose  rein  to  the 
imagination  in  regard  to  him.  Even  up  to 
the  time  of  the  Reformation,  although  the 
plays  had  taken  a  higher  form,  the  Devil  was 
the  favorite  actor;  and  as  lato  as  the  time 
of  Luther,  what  a  reality  he  must  have  been 
for  that  Reformer  to  have  hurled  his  inkstand 
at  him  in  the  Wartburg.  Who  has  not  fol- 
lowed the  traciug  of  Dante's  pen,  down  into 
the  Inferno— and  Milton's,  where  he  far  out- 
stretched him  in  the  grandeur  of  the  visions. 
Goethe's  peuhas  given  his  Mephistopheles 
in  such  a  modern  diplomatic  form— so  suave, 
so  true  to  himself — that  we  are  lost  in  admir- 
ation ;  and  I  fear  that,  unlike  Margaret,  that 
we  do  not  shrink  from  the  very  presence  of 
evil.  Shakespeare  and  Dickens  sketched 
him  in  a  comic  role;  aud  even  Coleridge 
gives  a  laughing  view  when  he  sends  him 
"  To  visit  his  snug  little  farm,  tbe  earth." 
Byron  gives  him  to  iis  with  the  sphere. 
So  the  Pen  will  continue  to  sketch  him, 
whether  in  a  "Daniel  Derouda,"  or  in  "  A 
Romance  ot  the  Nineteenth  Century."  Al- 
ways we  will  have  him,  so  long  as  he  con- 
tinues to  "walk  up  and  down  the  earth 
amongst  the  children  of  men." 


Our  deeds  determine  us,  as  much  i 
dfltermin'-  our  deeds. — George  Eliot. 


'Aki    Jouknai. 


^''•W 


Writing— Yesterday  and  To-Day. 

What  Grandfatiieb  Said. 

Bv  B.  F.  Kri.i.HY. 

Grandfather  said  (sud  my  iotiinato  ac- 
(jnaiDtaaco  with  his  deeiM^ndanta  Ifnds  ine  to 
accept  his  etatcniPDt  ntlhcml  rjnalificalinti) 
that  Bcvrral  (hijs  previous  1o  liis  rlcration 
to  the  dignity  of  a  pupil  in  writing  he  hnd 
hecn,  througii  his  earnest  and  uft  repealed 
BolicitatiuD,  suppHed  with  a  writiug-bouk, 
consistiDg  of  two  shcels  uf  paper,  fohled, 
hisecled,  inclosfd  in  sluiit  hrown  paper,  and 
Btitvhed  hy  his  mother,  uodcr  his  own  per- 
Bonal  supervision. 

She  hiid  previously  stewed  a  Iteltio  full  of 
maple  hark,  addiuL'  vinegar  and  a  few  rusty 
nallii,  and  slrainiug  fur  hia  use  a  portion  of 
the  decoction  iuto  a  pewter  ink>tand,  which, 
for  HUghl  I  know,  could  boast  of  a  long  dc- 
icent  from  one  of  tlio  Pilgrim  Fiilhcrs  wlio 
landed  at  Plymouth  Hock  ;  and,  perhaps, 
judging  from  the  iudeutatious  in  its  »idcs,  a 
shorter  and  more  rapid  descent  upou  iho 
rock  itself,  occasioned  mayhap  by  the  pil- 
grim's haMo  to  cateh  the  first  truin  ;  or  pos- 
sibly it  might  have  been n ),  tlinthypo- 

thesis  is  untenable — it  rould  not  Imrt  been 
thus  hIcmiBhcd  by  being  throwu  at  the 
tPHohcr,  iu  any  of  iliopc  i>riinitivo  dnys. 

For  a  iiou,  grandfather  selected  a  goosc- 
quillcomiiienBuratewith  Insowu  prospective 
importance,  which  was  of  eourso  immense, 
but  hia  father  suggested  that  airiediumrsized 
9  quill  would  probably  bo  as  largo  as  he 


uld 


irk.'d  I 


The 


iudignaut  UjuU  of  ilio  son  at  this  remark  de- 
tcrmineil  tbe  result  and  won  a  victory  in 
favor  of  my  grandfather. 

A  plummet  was  needed  to  rule  the  writ- 
ing-book, so  grandfather's  father,  with  Ids 
trusty  jat'UUnife,  formed  from  two  pieces  of 
piuo  (an  upper  and  a  uollier,  ur  hu  obverec 
and  reverse — grandfather  has  forgotten 
which)  a  mold  iuto  which,  hy  a  small  orifice, 
melted  lead  was  poured,  and  soon,  as  if  hy 
inagic,  the  brilliant  implement  whs  cshibiied, 
ready,  when  shnrpeued,  to  form  linos — with 

tho  aid  of  a  ruler— as  straight  as well, 

almost  as  straiglit  as  tho  prospective  pupil 
believed  ho  would   make,  free-hand,  with 

Tlio  eamo  hand  that  formed  the  mold 
and  cast  the  shining  plummet,  ])roduced  the 
ruler,  a  work  not  aUogcther  faultless,  or 
entirely  rectilinear  in  its  outlines;  hut  we 
should  remember,  perfection  is  not  of  man, 
neither  can  a  straight  line  bo  formed  upou 
tho  surface  of  tho  occau  in  a  dead  calm. 
Tho  versatility  of  tlio  artist  creating  these 
wriiiue  irnpltMneut3M"oidd,of  itsolf,  precdudo 
till'  piis?iliilily  of  absolute  perfection  iu  any 
BjK'cial  direction. 

Tbe  iukstand  having  been  half  filled  with 
cotton,  for  stune  undiscovered  reason,  and  a 
stout  string  having  been  attaclicd  to  the 
plummet,  presumably  that  tho  owner  might 
amuse  himself  with  its  gyratious  about  his 
own  head  and  cougrHtuhito  himself  upon 
his  many  hair  breadth  escapes  from  its  de- 
structive power,  more  especially  that  his  two 
eyes  still  remained  intact,  and  tho  Imur  hav- 
ing arrived  for  his  march  to  the  scene  of  his 
groat  triumph,  ho  hastily,  though  carefully, 
places  tho  writing-book  under  Ins  jacket, 
tho  quill  as  a  plume  in  his  hatband,  tbe 
inkstand  in  his  pocket,  the  ruler,  and  a 
caudle  inserted  in  a  potato  in  one  baud  and 
tho  plummet  iu  readiness  to  twirl  in  tlie 
other.  Ho  leaves  the  parental  roof— which  in 
a  little  more  than  two  hours  he«ill  bomu- 
by  ro- entering— in  company  willi  a  play- 
mato  considerably  his  senior,  just  as  tho  sun 
is  disappearing  below  tho  horizon. 

Grandfather  says,  that  at  that  mninent  ho 
felt  that  ho  towered  au  intellectual  and 
physicjil  giant,  and  tliat  from  that  hour  to 
ti<o  ((resent  ho  hr.s  been  constantly  shrink- 
ing, and  that  it  dou'l  uow  seem  ihitl  lio  can 
last  nmch  longer  at  tbe  rato  he  is  diuiiuish- 
ing. 

Arriving  at  the  schoolhouao  ho  bands  tho 
writing-master  his  copy-book  aud  goosc- 
quiU. 

The  aecompanjing  cut  portrnys  grand- 
fatJi«r*«  writiuji-ULutor,  uxi  it  will  uuwer 


for  the  typical  one  of  that  period.  The 
drawing  was  made  during  a  recess,  when 
only  the  girls  were  lefl  to  write,  and  con- 
sequently everything  was  quiet,  and  it  is 
considered  an  oxcellt^nt  likeness  of  him  as 
he  appeared  when  engaged  in  tho  pastime 
of  making  and  mending  pens,  in  tho  inter- 
vals between  writing  copies  and  snuffing 
the  candles,  the  last  operation  like  the  pre- 
vious one  performed  by  tho  linger  move- 
ment, and  attended,  with  almost  absolute 
certainty,  by  a  smirch  and  a  scorch. 

Grandfather  reached  the  school  long  he- 
fore  tho  hour  for  writing,  and,  on  his  own 
responsibility,  seh-cted  a  desk  corresponding 
to  his  opinion  of  Ins  stature  and  ability, 
but,  when  observed  hy  the  teacher,  a  por- 
tion of  a  desk  much  lower  was  Mssigned 
him.  Then  began  ho  to  shrink]  lint  he 
did  not  lose  confidence  in  his  power  to  ex- 
ecute, with  ease,  grace  and  rapidity,  any 
copy  that  might  he  set  by  the  teacher;  and 
when  his  copy-book  was  handed  him,  and 
ou  the  first  page  ho  beheld  but  straight  tines 


father's  experiences  in  writing,  we  can  give 
but  a  brief  summary.  SutKoe  it,  then,  to  say 
that  as  it  began  to  dawn  upon  him  that  there 
were  many  things  bo  didn't  know,  he  simul- 
taneously began  to  acipiire  a  knowledge  of 
some  of  those  things.  And  he  progressed 
in  penmanship,  and  year  after  year  did  he 
practice  under  the  guidance  aud  instniclion 
of  that  good,  old,  faithful  soul,  tho  writing- 
master  who  had,  also,  advanced  in  wisdom 
to  that  degreo  that  he  had  found,  what  he 
had  all  along  desired,  time  to  give  instruc- 
tion in  penmanship,  and  this  simply  hy  pur- 
chasing a  pair  of  snuffers  and  securing  the 
inexpensive,  though  faithful,  services  of  a 
youth  to  operate  tliem. 

During  this  time  grandfather  had  learned 
to  make  a  straight  line,  not  ia  a  manner  to 
rival  Apelles,  but  yet  creditably,  aud  that  of 
a  length  from  one-eighth  of  an  inch  to  two 
inches.  He  could  make  several  of  them, 
lircserving  a  good  degree  of  uniformity  in 
spacing ;  he  could  make  them  in  a  verti- 
cal position,  or  at  any  angle;  could  make 


GRANDFATHER  S  WRITING-MASTER. 


instead  of  capital  letters  with  lots  of  flour- 
ishes, he  could  with  difficulty  restrain  him- 
self from  an  outburst  of  indignation  at  the 
teacher  for  his  lack  of  appreciation.  *But 
ns  he  saw  others  wiih  the  same  copy,  he  be- 
came sufficiently  reconciled  to  his  fate  to 
carelessly  submit  a  portion  of  his  genius  to 
tho  work  of  imitAtiug  the  prescribed  form. 
Tho  result  of  Ins  first  attempt  having  been 
so  far  below  his  cxpectiitious,  he  immediately 
determines  upon  an  ouiirc  surrender  of  his 
powers  to  the  one  object  of  forming  a  stiort 
straiglit  line.  A  comparison  of  his  second 
lino  with  tho  first  was  decidedly  favorable 
to  tho  second,  aud  yet,  although  starling 
with  great  steadiness  and  precision,  the  in- 
tense excilomeut  under  which  ho  labored 
caused  him  to  waver,  adi/zincss  seized  Iiim, 
and  the  promise  of  the  first  half  of  tho  line 
failed  of  realization  iu  tho  last,  aud  he  did 
not,  fts  ho  ha'l  hopeil,  nudge  his  neighbor 
aud  triuuiphautly  ejaculate,  "See  there!" 
But  however  nmch  wo  might  bo  plciiaed 
to  prvsent  a  detailed  aooount  of  all  grand- 


them  with  fine  lines,  with  quite  uniform 
shading,  with  steady  increasing  or  dimin- 
ishing shade;  had  learned  to  rule  his  hook 
very  neatly  and  uniformly ;  had  practiced 
pot-hooks  and  trammels;  had  practiced  com- 
biuiug  Ihose,  and  forming  tho  letter ni,  first; 
then  the  other  short  letters  ;  then  the  (,  d, 
p,  q  ;  afterward,  tho  extended  letters ;  and 
gave  much  time  to  capital  letters  and  to 
wold  and  sentence  writing.  In  all  these,  a 
disinterested  observer  would  aflirm  that  he 
equaled,  in  point  of  excellence  of  form  or 
o«60  of  cxeculiou,  tho  best  the  teacher  conld 
do.  Not  so,  thought  my  grandfather,  for  love 
foi  tho  teacher  made  the  work  of  the  latter 
more  beautiful.  But  it  did  not  blind  grand- 
father to  the  fact  that  even  the  teacher,  who 
had  faithfully  labored  to  produce  such  good 
result,  had  frequently,  though  unwittingly, 
led  him  astray,  and  retarded  his  progress  by 
tho  unavoidable  variableuoss  of  his  teacher's 


A  copy  would  be  set  v 
■re  and  imitated  with  equal  care  ;  defeots 


s  the  fact 
S8,  ho  waa 
a  penman- 


in  the  original  being  considered  excellencies, 
aud  the  proportion  of  parts  being  scrupu- 
lously uuiiutaincd.  Another  copy  would  be 
given  in  which  the  size,  shape,  slant,  space, 
or  shade  of  a  letter  or  letters  would  differ 
from  the  size,  shape,  slant,  space,  or  shade 
of  the  same  named  letter,  or  letters  previously 
given.  He  has  to  unlearn  a  portion  of  that 
ho  had  learned,  aud  learn  another  way  only 
to  discover  iu  the  next  copy  that  neither  of 
the  two  ways  are  like  tho  third.  And  so  he 
goes  on  until  finally  he  realizes  he  can  have 
no  nbs<dute  model  iu  a  written  copy. 

But  everything  in  time  must  have  an  end, 
and  so  it  was  with  grandfather's  school-days, 
which  wero  brought  to  a  sudden  close  in 
consequence  of  the  death  of  liis  beloved 
father,  whose  biisiuess  ho  inherited;  and, 
upon  reaching  hie  majority,  he  assumed  en- 
tire control  and  conducted  the  business  suc- 
(ossfully,  married  happily,  was  blessed  with 
sons  to  whom,  while  yet  in  possession  of  all 
his  faculties,  he  transferred  the  busioesB  be- 
queathed him,  largely  augmented  hy  his  own 
faithful  em-rts. 

But  what  interests  us  most  i 
that,  amid  all  tlie  cares  of  husinc 
ever  awake  to  any  improvement  i: 
ship,  whether  in  materials  used  o 
ods  of  instruction;  aud,  although  ho  could 
spare  but  liltlo  lime  for  forming  au  improved 
system  of  penmanship,  he  hailed,  with  pleas- 
ure and  alacrity,  any  advance  by  others. 

He  discovered  that  the  old  round-hand, 
for  tho  acquirement  of  which  he  had  de- 
voted a  large  share  of  his buyhood-days,  was 
ill-adapted  to  the  wants  of  a  huaiucss-man, 
and  ho  devised  a  method  of  writing  which 
served  him  much  better;  yet  there  was  an 
individuality  about  it  that  he  believed 
rendered  it  unserviceable  to  others. 

He  hailed  tho  steel-pen  aud  the  gold-pen, 
the  lead-pencil,  the  improved  writing-paper 
aud  inks — not  iu  tho  manner  of  a  fossil,  as 
graudfatners  are  oltcn  supposed  to  do,  roll- 
ing himself  against  the  n  heel  of  tho  ear  of 
progress  aud  cryiug  "  AVlioa!  " — but  with 
gladness — with  great  joy.  He  saw  the  first 
crude,  engraved  copy-slips,  aud  welcomed 
them  as  tho  harbiugors  of  a  better  day  for 
penmanship.  Ho  lived  to  see  writing-buoka 
with  fairly- accurate  engraved  copies  at  tbe 
head  of  each  page.  He  still  lived  to  see 
copy-hooks  and  copy-slips  containing  copies 
prepared  with  the  utmost  care  of  the  skilled 
artist  aud  engraver,  combining,  in  a  high 
degree,  brevity,  accuracy,  grate  aud  legi- 
bility, accompanied  with  clear  analyses  aud 
explanations.  Aud  he  feels  that  his  fondest 
hopes,  born  in  the  days  of  the  unsatisfying 
round-hand,  have  been  more  tlmn  realized. 

But  he  hears  that  even  this  ia  not  con- 
sidered "  business-writing,"  because  a  young 
man,  after  practicing  until  he  can  easily  pro- 
duce with  a  free,  combined  movement  a  very 
creditable  imitation  of  the  boat  -  engraved 
script,  finds,  when  business  demands  of  him 
that  he  write  iu  an  exceedingly  hurried 
manner,  that  his  writing  lacks  much  of  the 
grace  aud  beauty  which  hia  manuscript  dis- 
played wheu  written  lesa  rapidly.  But 
grandfather  says  tliat  tbe  young  man,  even 
when  he  writes  in  the  greatest  haste,  writes 
better  than  ho  would  had  he  never  disci- 
plined hia  eye  and  hand  by  tho  careful  study 
and  praciico  of  the  graceful  and  absolute 
forms  of  the  copy-book — forms  so  unvary- 
ing that  their  image  is  indelibly  impressed 
upon  the  young  man's  mind — ever  iuspiring 
him  and  drawing  him  toward  perfection. 
And  he  also  says  that  for  a  young  man  to 
attempt  to  learn  good  business-writing,  by 
iuiitaliug  tho  rapidly-executed  writing  of 
the  best  husiuess- penman  iu  the  world,  when 
he  can  have  accurate,  engraved  models, 
would  not  bo  evidence  of  that  young  man's 
good  sense,  and,  really,  I  think  grandfather 
is  light.       

J.  S.  Conover,  Galcshurg,  111.,  remits  for 
back  numbers  of  the  Juuu.nal,  aud  says: 
"I  have  invested  in  all  the  ostensible 
Penman's  magazines  for  the  past  twelve 
years,  and  really  consider  the  Penman's 
Akt  JouItNAL  the  only  one  deserving  the 
name.  Long  may  it  guide  the  penman  on 
hia  way." 


Of  Interest  to  Travelers. 


At  this  seasun  of  return  from 
cureions  a  decision,  lately  rendered  by  the 
Court  of  Appeals,  is  of  interest  to  railroad 
tickel-huldcrs.  Mr.  Auerhacli,  at  St.  Louis, 
bought  a  coupon-ticket  to  Kew  York,  the 
laat  coupon  of  which  covered  the  distance 
between  Buffalo  and  this  city.  This  ticket 
bore  upon  its  facethe  condition  that  the  pur- 
chaser should  "  use  it  on  or  before  Sep- 
tember 2G,  1877,"  and  that  if  he  failed  so 
to  do,  any  company  in  the  route  might  re- 
fuse it.  Many  persons  are  under  the  impres- 
sion that  a  passenger  who  lias  bought  and 
paid  for  a  ticket  lias  a  right  to  ride  at  any 
time  ;  and  such  view  formerly  prevailed  in 
the  courts.  But  railroad  men  and  exper- 
ienced travelers  understand  that  there  has 
been  a  change  of  opinion  :  a  railroad  com- 
pany does,  indeed,  owe  a  public  duty  to 
carry  all  who  pay  fare  (aud  behave  well) ; 
but  it  is  also  qualified  to  propose  special 
■  contracts;  and  if  a  conbination  or  excursion 
ticket  is  offered  at  a  reduced  price  upon  con- 
ditions distinctly  stated,  the  passenger  who 
buys  it  and  takes  the  benefit  of  the 
low  price  is  deemed  to  accept  the  printed 
coudilion",  and  mustconform  to  them.  Any- 
one tendering  full  fare  may  demand  to  travel 
by  rail  ou  any  day  which  suits  him ;  but 
when  he  buys  an  exmrsion-ticket  at  a  re- 
duced price,  his  right  to 
ride  rests,  not  on  the  rail- 
road's duty  to  carry  the 
general  public,  but  on  its 
written  promise  to  carry 
him;  and  it  is  limited  by 
the  promise.  It  is  to  be 
understood  at  the  outset, 
then,  that  Mr.  Aiierhach 
had  no  better  right  than 
bis  ticket  stated.  And  this 
is  gf>nerally  true  of  "ex- 
cursion "  or  "limited" 
tickets  as  usually  issued. 

The  condition  printed 
upon  the  ticket  was,  tliat 
the  holder  should  use  it  on 
or  before  September  tiOth. 
It  so  happened  that  le 
made  stops  on  the  way, 
and  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
2()lh  was  at  Uocbester. 
He  then  took  tlie  Central 
and  Hudson  Uivcr  road 
for  New  York.  Until 
midnight  was  lairly  past 
the  ticket  was  accepted 
and  punched  by  the  con- 
ductor, but  before  the 
morning  of  the  27th  had 
fully  dawned  tliat  official 
dechred  the  ticket 
"spent,"  and  from  Hudson 
down  to  New  York  de- 
manded tare  in  cash.  Mr. 
Auerhacli  refused  to  pay,  and  the  con- 
ductor, as  conductors  may  when  pas- 
sengers without  lawful  excuse  refuse  to 
pay  fare,  put  him  off  the  train,  to  walk.  He 
naturally  sued  for  damages,  claiming  that  if 
he  began  his  journey  before  the  end  of  the 
last  day  allowed  him,  ho  had  the  right  to 
finish  il,  uu  matter  though  it  might  lun  into 
the  following  day.  And  the  Court  uf  Ap- 
peals sustained  his  claim.  They  say,  in 
effect:  This  passenger  was  to  "use  his 
ticket  on  or  bcfiirc  September  2Gih."  Well, 
he  did  use  il  on  the  altcmoon  of  the  26ih 
when  he  offered  it  to  the  conductor  in  pay- 
ment for  a  ride  to  New  York,  aud  the  con- 
ductor puuched  it.  At  that  moment  it  per- 
formed its  ollive.  To  be  sure,  it  was  left  in 
Auerbach's  hauds  (or  hat-baud),  but  this 
was  nut  by  any  deinund  of  his  but  for  the 
conductor's  couvenieuce,  as  showing  that 
fare  for  that  man  had  been  paid.  After 
punching  it  was  a  used  ticket.  If  the  com- 
pany meant  by  their  conditions  that  the 
passenger  must  finish  his  iouroey  before 
miduight  of  the  ii6ih,  why  did  they  not 


Stingy  Men. 

"I  shall  never  forget  those  good  old  days 
of  my  apprenticeship  as  a  messenger-boy  for 
Horace  Greeley  on  the  Tribune,"  said  Gus. 
Frohman,  the  theatrical  manager,  as  he  put 
one  foot  on  the  center  table  in  the  Tabor 
Opera-House  office  and  tilted  back  in  his 
chair.  "  Thst  was  M'hen  I  struggled  along 
on  $2  a  week  and  received  for  perquisites 
the  crabbed  damnations  of  the  irritable  old 
man.  Good  times  they  were,  though;  times 
when,  as  a  little  cub,  I  had  pleasure  of  such 
society  as  that  of  Cornelius  Vanderhilt  and 
Cyrus  Field  and  the  other  big  fellows.  Van- 
derhilt was  the  stingiest  man  I  think  I  ever 
met.  One  day  I  was  traveling  up-town  on  a 
Third  Avenue  tar.  The  old  Coininodore  got 
aboard  aud  took  a  seat  beside  me.  '  Lock 
here,  youngster,'  he  said, '  what  does  Greeley 
pay  you?  'Two  dollars  a  week,'  I  replied, 
thinking  the  millionaire  was  going  to  em- 
ploy me  at  an  advance  of  salary.  '  H'm, 
thar's  a  good  deal,'  he  rejoined ;  I  should 
think  you  would  esteem  it  au  honor  to  work 
for  him  for  nothing."  Field  was  pretty  near 
as  stingy  as  Vauderbilt.  I  had  an  auto- 
graph-book then,  and  one  day  I  had  got 
well  acquainted  with  Cyrus  I  asked  him  if 
he  wouldn't  give  me  his  signature.  '  What 
do  you  want  with  my  autograph?'  he  said. 
'  I  suppose  you  want  me  to  put  my  name 


on,  he  weighed  the  letter  in  his  hand,  and 
remarked : 

"  I'm  afraid  that's  too  heavy  for  three 
cents.  Perhaps  you'd  better  put  on  another." 

A  second  stamp  was  handed  him,  and  he 
then  observed : 

"I'll  leave  the  letter  for  you  to  mail  as 
you  go  down." 

"  Very  well." 

"  Aud  as  it  is  an  important  missive,  allow 
mo  to  suggest  that  if  you  should  go  to  the 
Post-office  on  purpose  to  mail  it,  I  would 
take  it  as  a  great  favor.  Thanks  for  your 
kindness.  Please  reach  my  hat,  and,  as  I 
suffer  a  great  deal  from  the  sun,  I  will 
borrow  your  umbrella  until  I  pass  this  way 
again.'' — Detroit  Free  Press. 


An  Item  for  Boys. 
It  is  not  necessary  that  a  boy  who  learns 
.  trade  should  follow  i:  all  his  life.  Gov. 
*almer,  of  Illinois,  was  a  country  black- 
mith  ouce,  and  began  his  political  career  In 
ilacoupin  County. 

ircuit  judge  in  the  central  part  of  II- 


lino; 


I  tailoi 


Thomas  Hoyuo,  a  rich  and  eminen; 
lawyer  of  llliuois,  was  once  a  bookbiuder. 

Erastus  Corning,  of  New  York,  too  lame 
to  do  hnrd  labor,  coinmeuced  as  a  shop-boy 
in  Albany.     When  first  he  applied  for  em- 


mcnt  of  an  article  by  a  readiug  in  manu- 
script, that,  when  ho  sent  his  first  article 
af^er  he  had  retired  from  the  Edinburgh 
Sei-iew,  he  had  an  understanding  with  Na- 
pier, his  successor,  that  it  would  not  be  read 
until  it  appeared  in  the  proof.  A  few  years 
ago  the  editor  of  the  Salurdatj  Jievieto  was 
accustomed  to  have  every  article  which  ap- 
peared as  if  it  might  bo  worth  acceptance 
put  into  type  before  decidiug  upon  it,  for,  aa 
CharVs  Lamb  says,  there  is  uo  such  raw 
aud  uusatisfactory  reading  as  an  articlo  in 
manuscript.  The  same  practice  is  followed 
by  the  editor  of  Harper's  Magazine,  it  is 
said.  Even  authors  of  wide  experience,  like 
Thomas  Moore  and  Macaulay,  were  seldom 
able  to  form  a  judgtnont  of  their  own  works 
until  they  had  seen  how  they  looked  in 
print. — Boston  Herald. 


A  Short  Sermon. 
A  Cleroyman's  E.\tbs[poranbous  Ad- 
dress WITH  THE  WOHD  ''MaLT" 

FOR  HIS  Text. 
One  evening,  in  England,  a  century  ago, 
a  small  party  of  rollicking  youths  caught  a 
clergyman  on  his  way  home  from  a  visit  to 
the  t'ii-k,  aud,  forcing  him  into  the  stump 
of  a  hollow  tree,  refused  to  let  liiin  go  until 
he  had  preached  a  sermon  from  a  text  they 
would  give  him.  The  rev- 
erend gentleman  finally 
consented,  and  they  gave 
him  the  word  "Malt," 
upou  which  ho  delivered 
himself  as  follows: 

Beloved,  let  me  claim 
your  alteutiou,  for  I  am  a 
little  man,  come  at  a 
short  warning  to  preach  a 
brief  sermon  from  a  small 
text  to  a  thin  congregation 
in  an  unworthy  pulpit. 
And  now,  beloved,  my 
text  is  "Malt,"  which  I 
cannot  divide  into  sen- 
tences, because  there  are 
none;  nor  into  words, 
there  being  but  one ;  nor 
into  syllables,  because 
upon  the  whole  it  is  but  a 
monosyllable.  I  must, 
therefore,  as  necessity  en- 
forceth  me,  divide  it  into 
lett"rs,  which  1  find  my 
text  to  be  these  four — viz., 
M-A— L-T. 

M  —  my  beloved,  is 
moral, 


an  original  diiiijn  executed  by  E.  K.  Isaacs,  teacka 
yormal  School  and  Business  College,  Valparaiso,  1 


L— i 


Allegorical, 
Literal,  and 
Theological, 
moral  is  well  set 
teach  you  Rustics 
lauf'ers :  wherefore 


\  piece  of  paper,  and  then  j  ployment,  he  i 
order  on  me  for  money.'  i  hoy,  what  can 


asked, — "Why,  my  little 
u  do?"  "Can  do  what 
e   answer,  which  secured 


down  here  on 
you  make  out 

I  assured  him  that  such  an  intent  had  not  I'm    bid," 

occurred  to  me,  and  after  I  had  importuned  hitn  a  place. 

bim  at  some  length  he  wrote  his  name  in  Senator  Wilson,  of  Massachusetts,  was  s 

one    corner  where  nothing  could  possibly  shoemaker. 

be  written  above  it,  and  even  then  he  wrote  Thurlow  Weed  was  a  canal-driver;  ex- 
it 80  fine  that  you  could  ecaicely  read  it  '  Governor  Stone,  of  Iowa,  a  cabinet-maker, 


without  a  microscope." — Denver  Tribune. 


"  A  litilo  nonsense  now  and  then 
Is  relished  by  the  wisest  men." 


A  Man  Who  Asked  Man 

Y  Favors— 

The  occupant  o 

an  office  on 

Grand  River 

Avenue  sat  at  1 

is  desk  when 

a  mild- faced 

stranger  entered 

passed  the  ti 

ue  of  the  day 

and  asked : 

"  Would  you 

let  me  sit  at 

your  desk  a 

moment  and  use 

your  pen?' 

"  Certainly." 

"Thanks.     Y 

OQ  may  hang 

up  my  hat  if 

you  will.     I  can 

never  sit  for 

any  length  of 

time  M'ith  my  ha 

t  on.'" 

His  hat  was  giveu  a  place 

on  the  rack. 

and  for  ten  miu 

dtes  he  was 

busy  writing. 

As  he  finished, 

he  asked  for 

an  envelope. 

and  when  ho  had  sealed  it  he 

said : 

"  Pardon  the 

liberty,  but  c 

SD  you  spare 

me  a  stamp?" 

He  was  given 

one,  and  after  he  licked  it 

phich  trade  the  late  Hon.  Stephen  A. 
Douglas  worked  in  his  youth. 

Large  numbers  of  men  of  prominence 
now  liviug,  have  risen  from  humble  life  by 
dint  of  industry — without  which,  talent  is  a 
gold  coin  on  a  barren  ijland-  Work  aluuo 
makes  men  bright;  and  it  does  not  depend 
upon  the  kind  of  work  you  have  whether 
you  rise  or  not;  it  depends  upon  how  you 
do  it.—Selected. 

Write  Plainly. — The  rejection  of  the 
manuscript  of  an  unfamiliar  author  is,  per- 
haps, more  on  account  of  illegible  hand- 
writing than  of  lack  of  merit.  There  is  no 
greater  torture  for  au  editor  than  to  liave  to 
attempt  to  decipher  a  bad  manuscript,  and 
the  sense,  especially  of  a  poem,  is  frequently 
entirely  lost  iu  the  tangled  maze  of  wretched 
penmanship.  Sir  Francis  Jeffrey  knew  so 
well  the  difficulty  of  forming  a  correct  judg- 


Tho 
forth  t 

— — — '    good  1 

M — my  masters,  A— 11  of  you,  L — 1.  ave  off, 
T— tippling. 

The  Allegorical  is  when  one  thing  is 
spoken  of  and  another  is  meant;  now,  the 
thiug  spoken  of  is  malt,  but  the  thing  meant 
is  strong  bee"-,  which  you  Rustics  make 
M— meat.  A— apparel,  L— liberty,  and  T— 
treasure. 

Tlie  Literal  i?,  according  to  the  letters, 
M— much,  A— ale,  L— little,  T— trust. 

The  Theological  is,  according  to  the  ef- 
fects which  it  works:  firstly,  in  this  world; 
secnndly,  iuthcwoiMtocome. 

And,  first,  its  effects  are:— In  some,  M— 
murder;  in  others,  A—adulu-ry;  inall.L— 
looseness  of  life;  and  in  many,  T— treason. 
Secondly,  in  the  world  to  come:— In  some, 
M— misery  ;  iu  others,  T — torment. 

I  shall  conclude  the  subject,  first,  by  the 
wayof  exhortatiftn;  wherefore  M — my  mas- 
ters, A — all  of  y;>u,  L — listen  T — to  my 

Secondly,  by  way  of  caution:  therefore, 
M— my  masters,  A— all  of  you  L— look  lor 
for  T— the  truth.  And,  thirdly,  by  com- 
munii-aiing  the  truth,  which  is  this: — ■ 

A  drunkard  is  llie  auuoyauco  of  modesty, 
the  spoil  ..f  civility,  the  di^Inu-tinn  -I  reason, 
the  rubber's  agent,  the  alehouse's  benefac- 
tor, hia  wife's  woe,  and  the  cnonater  of  a  man  '. 


ADVERTISING   RATES. 

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LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 


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TO  CLUBS: 

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^T  JOURNAL. 
LONDON  AGENCY. 


I  ruM,  be  stopped  until  the  Bubacripliou 


New  York,  September,  1882. 


To  the  Readers  of  the  "Journal." 

Of  tlie  pieaoul  issue  we  print  25,000 
twelve-page  papers.  Of  these  a  few  thou- 
sand  will  be  mailed  as  specimen-copies  to 
those  who  are  not  subscribers,  in  the  hope 
that  they  may  be  sufficiently  interested 
therein  tc  become  so.  Special  attention  is 
invited  to  the  course  of  lessons  in  practical 
wriling,  now  appearing  in  its  col- 
umns, by  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer,  associate- 
author  of  the  Spencerian  System  of  Peii- 
mausliip,  and  also  the  lessons  being  given 
iu  Box-marking.  These  courses  of  lessons 
alone  are  of  very  great  value  to  all  persons 
interested,  either  as  teachers  or  pupils  of 
writing,  as  well  as  to  the  clerk  and  young 
man  aspiring  to  business  success.  That 
the  Journal  is  being  valued  and  appre- 
ciated beyond  any  other  so-called  penman's 
paper  is  manifest  in  its  uaprecedentedly  large 
and  rapidly  increasing  subscripiion-iist,  as 
well  as  the  multitude  of  warm  and  fiaiteriug 
testimonials  which  flow  in  from  its  patrons 
and  tlie  press.  During  tlie  past  twelve 
months  its  patronage  has  more  than  treppled, 
while  its  prospects  for  future  increase  are 
fiir  beyond  those  of  any  thne  in  the  paet. 
We  doubt  if  there  is,  in  this  country,  a 
really  skilled  and  successful  teacher  of  writ- 
ing or  a  professional  pen-artist,  who  is  not 
a  subscriber;  while  thousands  of  teachers 
in  our  public,  commerrial  and  literary 
sehools,  school  officers,  pupils,  derks  and 
admirers  of  good  writing  arc  among  its  sub- 
scribers; nor  are  its  subscribers  limited  to 
iliis  Continent,  for  the  Journal  is  regular- 
ly mailed   to   England,  Ireland,  Scotland,  | 


France,  Aaatralia,  New  Zealand,  and  to  the 
Society,  Hawaiian,  and  Sandwich  Islands. 

No  labor  or  expense  will  be  spared,  on 
the  part  uf  the  publishers,  to  render  the 
Journal  to  the  highest  degree  instructive 
and  entertaining  to  all  classes  of  its  readers. 

Id  addition  to  its  practical  lef^sons,  each 
number  will  contain  several  specimens  of 
practical  and  artistic  penmanship,  from  the 
pens  of  skilled  and  experienced  pen-artists, 
original  articles  from  the  pens  of  able 
writers,  and  a  clioicely  selected  miscellany 
pertaining  to  art,  science,  literature,  and 
education. 

Subscriptions  received  now  may  begin 
with  the  May  number,  which  contains  the 
first  lesson  in  Prof.  Spencer's  course- 


Professional  vs.  Business  Writing. 

It  is  often  affirmed  that  good  professional 
writers  are  very  bad  praclicAl  or  business 
writers;  in  other  words,  that  all  writers  who 
through  care  and  deliberation  write  in  a 
manner  eimilar  to  the  prevailing  copy-book 
style,  and  that  pupils  who  have  learned  to 
write  well  the  same  style,  depart  from  it 
immediately  on  entering  upon  a  business  or 
professional  life.  And  upon  these  premises 
is  based  an  argument  against  the  copy-booh 
stylo  and  method  of  teaching  writing.  Why 
not  teach  the  style  which  will  be  practical  in 
business  Y  is  asked. 

First,  let  us  consider  the  affirmation.  Is  it 
true  that  all  good  copy  or  professional  wri- 
ters are  bad  rapid  \rriters t  We  think  not; 
we  know  many  superior  copy -writers  who 
maintain  an  excellent  style  under  a  high  rate 
of  speed.  Wo  also  know  huainess-writerfi 
who  write  well  at  their  customary  rate  of 
speed ;  but  badly,  when  endeavoring  to  write 
more  rapidly.  It  is,  no  d-.ubt,  true  that  all 
writers,  early  in  their  adult  life,  assume  a 
sort  of  normal  or  natural  rate  of  speed,  as 
well  as  style,  in  writing,  as  they  do  in  their 
walk  and  speech ;  and  that  any  considera- 
Me  departure  fromtliis  normal  rate,  in  either 
case,  is  attended  with  difficulty  and  unnatural 
results  proportionate  to  the  degree  of  the  de- 
parture. A  person  accustomed  to  enunciate, 
perfectly,  oue  hundred  words  per  minute, 
might  fail  utterly  if  forced,  in  the  same  tiine, 
to  speak  one  hundred  and  fifty  words ;  or, 
if  he  could  gracefully  walk  at  an  accustomed 
rate  of  three  miles  per  hour,  he  might  be 
very  awkward  in  an  endeavor  to  go  four  or 
five  miles  in  the  same  time.  While  such 
may  be  the  rule,  it  is,  also,  true  that  persons 


betwe 


>  trained  . 


range 

._  of  their  capability; 

'ertheless,  there  will  be  a  limit,  beyond 

which  they  must  fail.    It  follows,  then,  that 

it  is  within  the  confines  of  one's  hahit  and 

custom  that  he  does  his  bes-  work. 

This  is  equally  true  of  the  professional 
and  business  writer.  Inasmuch  as  profes- 
sional or  copy  wriling  requires  to  be  of 
greater  accuracy  o(  form  and  delicacy  of  line 
and  shade,  it  is  less  adapted  to  a  high  rate 
of  speed  than  are  the  less  exacting  forms 
and  style  of  business-writing. 

Again— Is  it  true  that,  all  who  have  ac- 
quired, as  pupils,  a  good  copy-book  hand, 
immediately  make,  on  entering  business,  a 
radical  change  fnm  that  style  f  Whether 
or  not  this  is  true  depends  upon  the  cir- 
cumstances under  which  the  writers  are  em- 
ployed in  business.  Should  one  enter,  as  a 
clerk  in  a  law-office,  entry-olerk,  or  else- 
where, where  great  speed  was  the  criterion 
of  his  qualification  and  success,  there  would 
he  a  very  sudden  and,  probably,  unfavora- 
ble chauge;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  should 
the  writer  enter,  as  a  policy-clerk  in  an  in- 
suranct-offico,  copyist,  engrosser,  or  else- 
where, where  beauty  nnd  accuracy  of  style, 
more  than  speed,  was  the  criterion  of  his 
standing  and  success,  there  will  be  no  sud- 
denly marked  change  in  his  hand— generally 
the  stiff",  formal,  studied  hand  of  the  student 
will  assume  the  ease  aud  grace  ol  long  prac- 
ticed habit,  as  tlie  writer  hiuiself  will  as- 
sume the  art  and  polish  of  business. 

Why  not  teach  busiuess-writiug  J  Noth- 
ing could  be  mure  absurd !  There  is,  and 
can  be,  no  stamlard  stylo  of  business-xeriting, 


any  more  than  ther?  can  be  of  the  tact, 
snavity,  and  peculiar  style  of  speech  and 
manner  which  characterize  and  distinguish 
one  bu8ines«-man  from  another.  Th'.se  are 
things  which  can  be  neither  gauged,  meas- 
ured, or  taught ;  yet  a  business-man  might 
just  as  successfully  convey,  by  teaching,  any 
or  all  these  peculiarities  to  another,  as  he 
could  the  poculiarcharacteristics  of  his  hand- 
writing. We,  therefore,  affirm  that  husi- 
ness-writing  is  entirely  unteachable — being, 
as  it  is,  the  habitual  result  of  years  of  prac- 
tice, aud  is  molded  according  to  the  eariy 
training,  circumstances,  temperament  and 
character  of  each  writer,  it  is  sui  generis. 
No  two  hands  ever  being  alike,  such  writing 
can  no  more  be  acquired  in  school  than  can 
the  experience  and  polish  of  a  life  in  business. 
The  man,  after  years  of  business  and  ex- 
perience, does  not  write  as  he  did  when  a 
schoolboy !  therefore,  his  instruction  was 
wrong.  The  man,  after  years  of  travel,  ob- 
servation and  experience,  does  not  speak 
and  appear  as  when  a  schoolboy ;  there- 
fore, his  whole  education  was  wrong.  The 
one  conclusion  is  equally  illogical  with  the 
other.  In  each  instance  the  acquirements 
of  the  schoolboy  have  been  so  blended  in 
the  after-acquisitions,  from  observation  and 
experience,  as  to  be  scarcely  traceable  in 
the  peculiar  characteristics  they  liave  so 
largely  helped  to  mold.  While  it  is  a  fact 
that  every  writer  will  ultimately  write  a 
hand  peculiar  to,  and  characteristic  of,  him- 
self, it  is  equally  true  that  to  write  an  es- 
sentially good  hand  there  are  some  con- 
ditions which  must  be  observed.  Among 
these  are,  position,  movement,  and  a  know- 
ledge of  the  proper  construction  of  writing. 
This  knowledge  can  be  best  acquired 
under  the  systematic  instruction  and  drill 
of  a  skilled  teacher,  and  in  accordance 
with  some  standard  system  of  writing,  with 
which  the  work  of  the  pupil  can  be  com- 
pared and  his  faults  made  apparent,  that 
they  may  be  corrected. 


Experts  in  the  Whittaker  Trial. 

In  a  work  lately  published,  written  by 
Dr.  Geo.  M.  Beard,  of  this  city,  upon  "  Sa- 
lem Witchcraft,"  the  author  endeavors  to 
show  an  analogy  to  exist  between  the  trials 
of  the  Salem  witches  and  those  of  Whit- 
taker and  Guiteau,  as  respects  public  feel- 
ing and  consequent  action  of  judges  and 
juries.  If"  the  author's  statements  and  in- 
ferences respecting  all  the  matters  upon 
which  he  treats  are  as  much  at  variance 
with  facts  as  are  those  respecting  the  expert 
work  in  the  Whittaker  trial,  his  book  can 
be  of  but  little  value,  but  will  show  that 
its  author  is  either  very  ignorant  of,  or  in- 
different to,  the  truth  respecting  matters 
about  which  he  writes,  or  that  he  is  himself 
a  victim  of  prejudice  or  monomania. 

Regarding  the  Whittaker  trial,  he. affirms 
that  "  the  experts  on  handwriting  did  not 
see  the  resemblance  between  Whittaker's 
hand  and  the  warning  note  until  they  were 
aware  that  the  discovery  was  expected  of 
them.  They  were  the  dupes  of  their  own 
minds,  acted  upon  from  without."  No  af- 
firmation could  be  more  false,  either  as  re- 
gards the  experts  or  the  parties  by  whom 
'  eir  services  were  sought. 

Having  been  ourselves  called  as  one  of 
the  experts  at  West  Point,  we  speak  war- 
rantahly  when  we  affirm  that  not  the  remot 
est  intimation  of  the  desires  of  any  party 
jspecting  the  result  of  our  investigation 
-as  made  known  to  us,  at  any  titne,  by  any 
no  connected  with  the  West  Point  trial; 
while  the  very  circumstances  under  which 
the  expert  examinations  were  being  made 
precluded  any  possible  outside  influence,  or 
the  influence  of  prejudice  on  the  part  of 
the  expert. 

On  the  contrary,  our  own  examination  was 
make  underthe  fuUand  previously -ex  pressed 
belief  that  a  terrible  outrage  had  been  per- 
petrited  upon  Whittaker,  and  with  the  con- 
sequent prejudice  in  his  favor  and  against 
every  effort  to  establish  his  guilt.  There- 
fore, if  prejudice  could  have  operated  upon 


our  examination  aud  report,  it  would  have 
been  in  favor  of  Whittaker. 

We  can  conceive  of  no  plan  better  cal- 
culated for  obtaining  a  fair  and  unprejudiced 
opinion  of  experts  than  that  adopted  by  the 
authorities  at  West  Point,  which  was  as 
follows : 

Immediately  after  the  supposed  outrage 
and  the  discovery  of  the  alleged  note  of 
warning,  which  was  regarded  as  an  import- 
ant clue  to  the  perpetrators,  the  cadets 
were  called  together,  and  each  one  was  re- 
quired to  write  M"ith  a  pencil  (the  note  be- 
ing in  pencil)  certain  composititm  from  dic- 
tation, and  sign  tiis  name  :  thus  a  specimen 
of  the  writing  of  every  cadet  was  procured 
for  comparison  with  the  writing  of  the  note. 
From  all  these  writings  the  names  of  the 
writera  were  theil  cut,  and  numbers  substi- 
tuted, 80  that  the  experts  would  have  no 
clue  whatever  to  the  author  of  these  writ- 
ings. Of  these  writings  there  were  252. 
Pages  were  also  cut  from  the  hooka  in 
which  cadets  had  made  notes  and  written 
exercises,  in  connection  with  their  studies; 
these  pages  were  also  numbered  from  1  to 
53— making  in  all  307  pieces  of  writing, 
which  wore  placed,  with  the  note  of  warning, 
in  the  hands  of  each  expert,  with  the  re- 
quest that  he  examine  them,  to  discover  if 
there  were  any  identity  between  the  writing 
in  the  note  and  that  of  any  of  the  307  speci- 
mens, and  to  answer,  by  a  written  report, 
stating  bis  conclusions,  with  the  reasons  for 
the  same.  It  will  be  observed  that  each 
piece  of  writing  was  identified  only  by  its 
number,  and  that  the  expert  could  have  no 
knowledge  whatever  respecting  its  author. 
Mr.  James  Gaylor,  now  assistant- post- 
master of  this  city,  was  first  called :  from 
tlie  mass  of  specimens  he  selected  No.  8, 
the  wriling  of  which  ho  believed  to  be 
identical  with  the  note  of  warning.  No.  8 
proved  to  be  Whittaker's  writing. 

After  Mr.  Gaylor's  report,  the  original 
numbers  were  cut  from  the  specimens  and 
renumbered,  so  that  the  next  expert  should 
have  no  knowledge  which  might  bias  his 
opinion.  Mr.  Joseph  Paine,  Wiia  next 
called;  he  did  not,  on  the  first  examination 
identify  any  of  the  writings  with  the  note. 
Mr.  Hagan,  who  was  next  called,  very  posi- 
tively identified  a  certain  number  (we  be- 
lieve 9)  with  the  note,  which  also  proved  to 
represent  Whittaker's. 

We  next  examined  the  writings,  and  des- 
ignated No.  J8'J  from  the  Ji52  pieces  of 
writing  from  dictation,  and  No.  23  from  ex- 
ercise-pages (duplicate  writings),  which  we 
believed  to  be  identical  with  the  note  of 
warning.  Both  these  writings  proved  to  be 
Whittaker's. 

In  this  case  at  least.  Dr.  Beard  appears  to 
be  himself  the  victim  of  popular  clamor,  and 
altogether  too  free  to  assert  that  which  he 
cannot  know  to  be  true- but  might  know, 
with  proper  investigation,  to  be  false. 


The  King  Club 
for  this  month  comes  from  Allen  Bucks, 
teacher  of  writing  at  Sharon  Hill,  Pa.,  and 
numbers  ffty.  The  second  largest  club 
numbers  thirty,  and  is  sent  by  Maxwell 
Kennedy,  Macomb  {III)  Normal  College. 
He  writes:  "I  havo  liad  large  classes,  and 
much  interest  is  manifested  iu  the  beautiful 
art.  The  third  club  in  size  is  froiri  L.  B. 
Lawson,  Placerville,  Cal-,  and  numbers 
eleven.  N umorous  and  large  cl ubs  are 
promised  for  next  month;  if  we  mistake 
not,  there  will  be  a  much  greater  increase 
of  subscribers  than  during  any  other  month 
since  the  publication  of  the  Journal. 

Not  Responsible. 

It  should  be  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  be 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns;  all  communications  not 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished; if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  open  to  him  to  say  ao  and  tell 


Alt  1     -JOIJKNAL 


Free  Schools  for  Texas. 

The  Uxpayers  of  Fort  Worth,  Texas, 
have  voted  a  levy  Bufficient  to  maintain  six 
free  schools  for  U-n  moi'ths  in  tho  year. 
The  population  '8  12,000,  and  only  eighteen 
peraoHB  voted  against  the  tax.  This  is  the 
largest  majority  ever  given  in  a  Texas  town 
lor  free  echools. 

This  is  a  favorable  omen  for  the  South, 
What    it   now  most    needs 
public-school  eystem — one  that  should  be 


Acknowledgment 

Is  made  of  the  receipT  of  college  papers  and 
catalogues,  as  follows:  The  Annual  An- 
nouncement of  the  Spencerian  Business- 
College,  Washington  D.  C ;  Heald's  Col- 
lege Journal,  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  Peirce's 
Business-College  Journal,  Keokuk,  Iowa; 
Columbia  Commercial  -  College  Journal, 
Portland,  Oregon ;  Pennsylvania  Businees- 
effide'nt      ^''"^^e  Journal,  Harrisburgh,  Pa.;  Good- 


Spencergraphic  Shorthand. 
A  new  alphabet,  prepared,  for  publication, 
by  William  Albert  On 


Obituary. 
Wm.  Powell,  who  was  for 
of  tho  late  \  engrossing-clerk 


the  celebrated  lectun 


alike  £ 


uilable  to  all  clas: 


A   Grand   Success. 

The  first  large  edition  of  the  "Standard 
Practical  I'enmauship  "  was  issued  in  April 
last,  and  met  with  ready  sale  from  the  start, 
and  the  last  copies  of  that  edition  have 
passed  into  the  bands  of  the  youth  of  the 
country — to  lead  Ibem  to  the  mastery  of 
practical  writing.  Of  the  second  edition, 
fresli  from  the  press,  last  week,  seven  hun- 
dred and  fifty  cases  have  been  sold,  and 
orders  by  every  mail  coi 
tinue  to  be  booked,  fro 

We  believe  that  r 
chirographic  publicatic 
has  ever,  in  so  short 
time,  from  the  date  of  i 
issue  made  so  mi 
friends,   and    reached 


Business  Messenger,  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
Baylie's  College  Journal,  Dubuque,  Iowa  ; 
Hinman's  College  Journal,  Worcester, 
Mass. ;  The  Practical  Educator,  Capital 
City  Commercial-College,  Trenton,  N.  J.; 
Catalogues  from  Cedar  Rapids  (Iowa)  Busi- 
ness-College, atid  from  the  Lowell  (Mass.) 
Business- College;  Hibbard's  Bryant  & 
Straiton  Commercial  School,  Boston,  Mass., 
Soule's  Bryant  &  Stratton  College,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.;  Placerville  (Cal.)  Academy; 
and  Rochester  (N.  Y.)  Business  University. 
It  has  been  with  much  pleasure  that  we 
have  noted  the  very  kind  and  Battering 
mention  made  of  the  Journal,  in  most  of 


Dr.  Albert  C 

and  phrenologist,  promises  a  revolution  in 
methods  of  acquiring  and  using  shorthand. 
It  is  hoped  that  the  chaotic  condition  intc 
which  the  shorthand-world  is  plunged  will  "|  he  did  with 
soon  pass  away  and  some  recognized  stan- 
dard be  adopted,  *hich,  by  reason  of  its 
simplicity  and  practicability,  can  be  atlained 
by  all  who  use  the  pen. 


Notice. 

All  penmen  who  are  preparing  work  for 
competition  for  the  Hill  prizes,  or  who  are 
intending  to  do  so,  are  requested  to  for- 
ward at  once,  to  the  office  of  the  Journal, 
a  statement  to  that  eflect,  and  a  brief  de- 
scription of  th(  design  and  plan  of  their 
work,  which  will,  of  course,  be  treated  as 
confidential. 

All  specimens  should  be   completed,  for 


the  office  of  the  City 
Clerk,  Newark,  N.  J.,  died  in  that  city  on 
the  7th  day  i  f  August.  Mr.  Powell  was  a 
fine  penman,  and  was  often  employed  to 
engross  resolutions  aad  memorials,  which 
isiderable  artistic  effect. 


Jonathan  Jones. 

Many  of  our  readers  will  share  the  pain 
experienced  by  ourselves  on  learning  that 
Mr.  Jonathan  Jones,  who  for  nearly  forty 
years  bus  been  an  able  and  popular  teacher 
of  commercial  brandies,  at  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
has  become  an  inmate  of  an  iusaue  asylum. 

We  abstract  the  following  from  the  St. 
Louis  Morning  Republican,  of  the  1st  inst.: 


Jonalhai 


been  born  August  5th,  181:1. 
Oxfyid,   O., 


1  hie  70th  year,  having 


He 


iiceatry    back 


any  work  hitherto  pub- 
lished. Teachers  of  clubs 
or  special  classes  find  it, 
in  the  hands  of  their 
pupils,  the  most  efficient 
aid  for  successful  results 
ever  yet  devised.  For 
twelve,  twenty-five,  fifty, 

Journal  aUt)ws,  to  pur- 
chasers,  the   lowest  dis- 

Single  c 


which  the 

appears   i; 

form,    doing    away   with 

the    use   of  red  tape,    or 

other  tying  material. 

That  the  "Standard 
Practical  Peumanship," 
as  now  published,  is  su- 
perior to  all  other  works 
on  practical  writing,  is 
conceded  by  the  great 
body  of  business -instruc- 
tors and  penmen  through- 
out tlie  country. 

The    Penman's   Art 
Journal    edition  of 
Standard    Practical 
by  the  Spi 


:  of  Blurdy  industry  aud  i: 

His  fathpr  was  a  carpen- 
ter for  thirty  years,  and 
closed  a  useful,  well  spent 
life  in  Cincinnati  in  1846. 
Mr,  Jones  received  the 
usual  country-school  edu- 
cation, and  watt  poeseued 
of  a  nature  that  early 
ripened  into  manhood.  At 
the  age  of  fifteen  he  entered 
one  of  I  he  mercantile  houses 

a  bia  business 
had     advanced 

succession  of  his 
Many  years  of 


did 


iship,  prepared 
Qcer  Brothers,  authors  of  Spen- 
Id  ouly  from  this  office  and  by 


Send  $1  Bills. 
Wo  wish  our  patrons  to  bear  in  mind  that 
in  payment  for  subscriptions  we  do  not  de- 
sire postage -stamps,  aud  that  they  should  be 
sent  only  for  fractional  parts  of  a  dillar.  A 
dolUr  bill  is  much  more  convenient  and  safe 
to  remit  than  the  same  amount  in  1,  2  or  3 
cent  stamps.  Tho  actual  risk  of  remitting 
money  is  slight — if  properly  directed,  not 
one  miscarriage  will  oceur  in  one  thousand. 
Inclose  the  bills,  and  where  letters  contain- 
ing money  are  sealed  iu  4>resence  of  the 
postmaster  we  will  assume  all  tho  risk. 


How  to  Remit  Money. 

The  best  aud  safest  way  is  by  Post-office 
Order,  or  a  bank  draft,  on  New  York ;  next, 
by  registered  letter.  For  fractional  parts  of 
a  dollar,  send  posiage  stamps.  Do  not  send 
personal  checks,  especially  for  small  sums, 
nur  Canadian  postage  stamps. 


Extra  Copies  of  the  "Journal" 
ivill  be  sent  free  to  teachers  and  others  who 
nake  an  effort  to  secure  a  club  of 

Wrongly  Credited. 

In  our  June  issue  appeared  an  address 
on  ''Temperance,"  copied  from  America, 
the  authorship  of  which  was  credited  to 
Robert  Ingersoll.  W.  A.  Beer,  editor  of 
Common  Sense,  Munroe,  Ph.,  and  J.  S. 
Conover,  Galesburg,  111.,  have  called  our  at- 
tention to  tho  fact  that,  with  the  exception 
of  a  line  or  two  of  introduction,  the  entire 
article  appeared  in  an  early  edition  of  Dr. 
Gunn's  "  Domestic  Medicines,"  published  at 
Louisville,  Ky  ,  in  1827.  It  is  not  prob- 
able that  Mr.  Ingersoll  ever  claimed  for 
himself  the  authorship  of  tlie  article  al- 
luded to,  but  having  made  use  of  the  lan- 
guage in  ao  address  before  a  jury,  was  very 
naturally,  when  published,  credited  with  its 
authorehip. 


A  good 


-$1  for  the  Journal. 


useful  and  convenient  in- 
vention, and  is  a  perfect  and  economical 
substitute  for  oblique  pens,  as  it  may  be 
used  in  any  penholder  so  as  to  hold  the 
pen  straight  or  obliquely,  and  is  perfectly 
adapted  to  producing  all  styles  of  writing. 

Its   use  in   schools   and   counting-rooms 
rmulpra  the  process  of    writing  easier  and  .  .^    „ 

.         ,         .       ,       ,  1     ■  capable  of  canuB  for  or  protecutig  himselt.    He 

copymg,  keeping  books,  rendering  |  ,      .  ^  . .    ■ 


satisfy  Mr.  Jones.  His 
leisure  had  been  devoted  to 
mental  culture,  and  he  had 
stored  his  mind  with  u«e- 
ful  knowledge.  He  longed 
to  a«sume  a  position  whers 
he  could  niahe  his  influence 
felt  for  the  good  of  his  fel- 
low man,  and  as  the  result 
of  mature  deliberation  on 
liis  part  he  became  a 
teacher,  choosing  the  com- 
:!al  branches  for  bis 
special  calling.  He  estab- 
lished the  first  commercial 
college  in  the  then  far 
West. 

In  1S41  Mr.  Joues  came 
to     St.     Louis.       Shortly 
thereafter  the  well-known 
'■Jones's  Commercial  Col- 
corporated  by 
Act  of  the  Legislature  of 
the  State,  and  at  once  took 
rank  as  one  of  the  inetitu- 
The  col- 
leg»<    was    continued    until 
about  a  year  ago,  when  ill 
health  forced  Mr.  Joues  to 
retire  to  private  life.  While 
,  Mr.  Jones   became   a 
member  of  the  St.  Loui«  bar,  and   found  time 
amid  his  many  duties   to  till  the  pulpit  in  one 
of  the  Baptist  churches  of  the  city  every  Sun- 
day.    He  wrote  for  the  press  aud  magazines  in 
those  early  days,  and  no  man  manifested  alive- 
the    welfare   and    commercial 
prosperity  of  the    city   of  his  adoption  than 
Jonathan  Junes, 

A  kidney  disease,  from  the  effects  of  which 
Mr.  Jones  has  suffered  for  years,  coupled  with 
overwork  and  perhaps  financial  embarrassment, 
affected  the  tireless  br&iu  aud  caused  los?  of 
reason.  Mr.  Jones's  malady  does  not  manifest 
itself  ill  deeds  of  violence,  but  is  of  a  harmless, 
character,  simply  rendering  him  in- 


bette: 

accounts,  and  doing  correspondence. 

The  retail-price  is  five  cents.  We  send, 
in  a  package,  five  of  the  Universal  Pen- 
holder Attacliments,  on  receipt  of  25  cents. 
It  is  adapted  in  size  for  use  with  Ames's 
Penman's  Favorite,  or  other  pens  of  similar 

AU  Back  Numbers 
of  the  Journal  may  be  had  since  and  in- 
clusive of  January,  1878 j  only  a  few  copies 
of  1878  left. 


has  left  his  impresB  upon  the  time  in  which  he 
lived,  and  there  are  thousands  of  his  old 
scholars  now  successful  business  men  through- 
out the  West  and  South  who  will  always  wear 
his  mfuiorv  arveu  iu  their  heaits. 


Teacher:  "How  does  the  earth  absorb 
water  t"  Pupil:  "  Like  a  dog."  Teacher: 
"How  do  you  make  that  outf"  Pupil: 
"  Don't  we  read  of  the  lap  of  the  eartht' 
Teacher:  "Go  up  another  grade." —  Cin. 
Sat.  Night. 


An  1     -JOIKVAL 


%uyY/rr£^  ^J^dJf66. 


rhe  ahfne  rul  i$  pholoaujvavdl  from   WiUiamt  and  Parlarti-g  Gtms  of  Pinviaiiifap.     The  original  ropy  was  prrparcd  hy  John  D.  TTilli 


Highly  Honored. 
At  ilie  Seventc'CDth  Aunual  Scsfiun  of 
the  State  Teachers'  AMocialion  ol  Teniies- 
8CC,  lield  in  August  last,  uur  friend  Frank 
Gt)odman  was  elected  iireuidont.  Prof. 
Goodman  ib  president  of  llie  Nashville  and 
KtioxviUe  (Tcnn.)  Business  Colleges.  This 
u,  we  believe,  tho  first  tiinc>  that  such  dis- 
tinguished honor  has  been  conferred,  by  a 
State  Teachers'  Associatinn,  upon  a  bnsi- 
n*88-collego  professor,  and  it  is,  nndoubt- 
edly,  largely  due  to  the  very  active  interest 
■which  Mr.  Goodman  has  taken  in  the 
teaching  of  writing  in  the  public  schools  of 
ttal  Slate.  Mr.  Goodman  is  also  vlce- 
prcsidcut  of  the  Business  Educators'  Asso- 
ciation of  America,  lie  is  yet  a  young  niau, 
and  if  his  honors  keop  jmce  with  his  ad- 
vancing years,  he  will  soon  be  the  best- 
]jiQOored  man  in  Tennessee.  Tho  Knoxville 
.  Ttfibane  says : 

Prnf.  Frank  Goodman,  of  this  city,  and 
preMident  of  Goodman's  iJupineBs  -  CuHeges, 
Nanhville  and  Knoxville,  was  eltfcled  president 
of  the  StHle  Tfachera'AsBocintion,  at  Morris- 
town,  Friday.  Pi-of.  Goodman  has  been  liighly 
complimented,  and  is  deserving  of  every  honor 
paid  him.  Hid  efficient  buoiness  qiialilles  and 
kind  disposition  have  won  Idm  an  enviable 
reputation  in  this  State. 


Importance  of  Skilled  Boxmarking 
Wo  clip  the  following  from  a  late  uuuibcr 
of  Gcytr's  Stationei;  of  this  cily : 

Our  attention  has  been  calWd  by  one  of  our 
wide-ttWftke  manufaciurers  to  the  fact  lli^t  v»ry 
few  of  the  eliippiug-clerks  realize  ibe  necessiry 
of  taking  any  interest  in  the  plain,  dittlinct  and 
legible  marking  of  goodd,  so  as  to  show  con- 
spicuously and  at  a  glance  the  freight  or  express 
line  by  which  ibe  goods  are  to  be  sent,  and  ibe 
place  of  destiuBtioii,  The  frhipping-cleiks  have 
an  idea  thai,  no  matter  how  indintinctly  and 
illegibly  tliey  make  ibe  declination,  etc.,  on  the 
paokage,  tlie  men  who  Inive  to  forward  it  will 
know  by  simple  intuition  where  and  bow  to 
send  it.  We  need  hardly  say  ibat  a  greater 
mistake  was  never  made,  iind  that  this  misluke 
leods  to  many  others  of  a  most  costly  and 
annoying  character. 

This  statomeut  is  followed  by  an  offer  of 
several  prizes  by  Mr.  Geycr,  for  tho  best 
spucimens  of  box-marking  by  shipping- 
clerks  iu  the  stationery  trade  of  New  York. 

Wo  most  heartily  indorse  what  Mr.  Geyer 
says  respecliog  the  imporiauco  to  any  candi- 
date for  a  clerksliip  in  a  morcantilo  house  of 
being  skilled  in  the  use  of  the  uiarking- 
brush  and  having  a  knowledge  of  the  cus- 
tomary forms  used  iu  marking. 


Book-purchasing  Agency. 

Atti'utiou  is  invited  to.an  adverlisoineat, 
in  another  coluum,  by  J.  Wesley  li..hiusou, 
who  has  established  a  book -purchasing 
agouoy,  and  who  will  forward  promptly,  at 
tbo  publisher's  price,  by  mail,  any  book  to 
be  purchased  iu  Now  York.  Mr.  K ,  we 
peraoually  kuow,  and  believe  biui  to  be 
huoest  and  reliable.    Any  trust  imposed  la 


him  will  be  faithfully  and  promptly  attended 
to.     Sead  liini  vour  orders. 


'      Agents  Wanted. 

We  desire,  in  every  town  in  the  country, 
a  good,  live  agent,  to  solicit  subscriptions 
for  the  JouiiNAL,  and  sell  our  pubfications. 
Competent  persons  can  make  inon'y.  Cir- 
culars, giving  ppecial  rates  to  ageuts,  sent 
on  request.  ^^^     

Part  VII.  of  New  Spencerian 

Compendium 
is  now  ready  to  mail,  and,  like  all  its  pre- 
decessors, is  elegant  in  every  respect,  and  is 
one  of  the  most  pmcticsl  Parts  issued,  em- 
bracing: *' Medium- hand,"  .*inalyzed,  and 
in  a  scale,  "Ladies  -  hand,"  "Abbreviated 
Business  -  hand,"  "  Running  -  hand,"  with 
numerous  styles  of  "  Back  and  Italian 
Hands."  Mailed  from  the  office  ol  llic  Jour- 
nal, on  receipt  of  the  publisher's  price.  (iO 
cents;  also,  any  of  the  previous  parts  at 
the  same  prii-e.  This  Compendium  is  un- 
questionably the  most  comprehensive  and 
ariisiic  presentation  of  tlie  entire  art  of 
peuraanshic  over  published. 


New  Books. 

Graham's  LiHle  'ieacher  is  the  title  of  a 
little  work,  giving  an  outline  of  standard 
plio.iography,  by  A.  J.  Graham,  744  Broad- 
way, New  York.  The  work  is  neatly 
printed,  handsomely  bound,  and  contains 
much  valuable  matter  for  persons  le/.ruing 
phonography. 

D.  L.  Scott  Browne,  23  CIli  ton  Place, 
New  Y'ork,  has  lately  published  a  lext-book 
of  Phonography,  which  appears  to  be  a 
concise  and  practical  work.  It  is  btamd  in 
one  volume  and  iu  parts.  Pi  ice,  complete 
in  one  volume,  $2;  Part  I.,  containing  all 
the  principles  and  lessons— a  thorough  self- 
instructor,  $1 ;  Part  II.  contains  a  review 
of  principles,  and  shows  their  application  to 
reporting,  together  with  directions  for  ao- 
(luiriag  speed  in  writing,  etc.,  $1. 

We  are  in  receipt  of  specimen-pages  of  a 
work,  nearly  ready  for  sale,  hy  Dr.  J.  C. 
Bryant,  of  Butlalo,  entitled,  "  The  Bueiness- 
Mau'sCommercial  Law  and  Business- Forms 
for  Business-Mcu  and  Business-Colleges." 
This  text-book  promises  to  be  an  important 
and  valuable  addition  to  those  already  pub- 
lished upon  that  subject.  Dr.  Bryant  has 
had  largo  expeiience  as  a  Commercial 
teacher  and  as  a  man  of  businessj  and 
aided,  as  be  has  been,  in  tbe  preparation  of 
this  woik,  by  one  of  the  best  jurists  of 
Western  New  York,  Dr.  Bryant  will,  un- 
doubtedly, preseul  to  the  pubUc  a  very 
practical  and  valuable  book.  See  advertise- 
ment elsewliere. 

Messrs.  Williams  &  Rogers,  propriotot? 
of  tbe  Rocbesti-r  (N.  Y.)  Business  Univer- 
sity, are  about  issuing  a  new  work  on  book- 
keeping, which  is  announced   in   another 


So 


s  premium. 
,  Importers, 


ire  able  to  judge  from 
77  advance  pages  which  wo  have  examined, 
it  will  be  able  and  practical,  and  bo  pre- 
sented in  an  nuusually  attractive  form. 

The  September  number  of  Sawyer's  Uni- 
versal Penman  is  the  most  attractive,  most 
iutcrcsting,  and  best  illustrated  ninnbor  yet 
issued.  Penmanship  and  shorthand  in- 
struction, by  Mr.  Daniel  Snwyer,  the  edi- 
tor, who  is  having  great  success  as  teacher 
of  shorthand  and  pen-art  iu  Canada,  are 
beaun  in  this  issue,  and  $100  worth  of 
prizes  oflered  for  most  improvement.  Tbe 
Natural  Science  Department  is  very  reada- 
ble. Our  readers  should  suhscribo  now,  and 
receive  a  beautiful  Canadian  w 
manship  and  shorihaud,  free, , 
Published  by  Sawyer  Brother 
Ottawa,  Canada,  for  j^I  a  year. 

The  Text- Books  upon  Commercial  Law, 
hy  Messrs.  Eaton  &  Burnett,  of  Baltimore, 
Md.,  and  C.  E.  Carbarl,  of  Albany,  N.  Y., 
are  txeellcnt,  and  well  adapted  as  text- 
books for  a  short  course  of  law  for  business- 
colleges  and  8i;liools.  See  cards  of  pub- 
lishers in  another  column. 


"  The  Penman's  Art  JounxAL."— It  is 
a  real  pleasure  to  call  attention  to  this  moat 
excellent  paper.  Wo  have  known  it  from 
its  birth  until  now.  We  were  glad  wheu  it 
was  born  and  we  rejoice  and  give  thanks 
because  it  still  lives  and  prospers.  Every 
number  is  worih  the  yearly  siibscripiion-price, 
and  any  family  where  there  are  growing 
boys  and  girls  cannot  afl'urd  to  be  without 
it.  Just  think  of  it,  young  friend.a,  what  a 
privilege  it  would  be  to  gather  around  your 
table  at  home,  with  pen  and  paper  at  hand, 
and  practice  plain  penmanship  under  one  of 
tbe  best  teachers  iu  America.  This  you  can 
do  by  simply  subscribing  for  Tub  Penman's 
AnT  JouiiKAL.  Henry  C.  Spencer,  of  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  is  now  ci.nducliog,  in  tbe 
JouJiNAL.acourse  of  lessons  iu  plain  writing, 
which  aVe  so  fully  explained  and  illustrated, 
that  any  person  who  has  common- sense, 
with  one  or  two  eyes,  a  good  rigbt-arm, 
hand  and  five  Sogers,  may  wiib  this  in- 
struction alone,  learn  to  ivrite  tcell.  This  is 
not  all:  every  number  of  the  Journal  U 
filled  with  choice  reading.  Penmen  from 
all  parts  of  tho  country  contribute  to  its  col- 
utnus.  Every  teacher  in  our  public  schools 
should  subfcrihe  for  this  paper.  We  feel 
that  wo  cannot  say  too  mucb  iu  its  favor, 
and  to  say  less  would  be  an  injustice  to  its 
faithful  editor  and  publisher.— iay/iVs  Col- 
lege Journal. 

The  calculation  of  the  distance  between 
the  towers  of  the  Brooklyn  bridge  was 
1,51)5  feet  six  inches,  and  tho  actual  meas- 
urement sliows  a  distance  of  1,5!>5  feet  nine 
inehca.  The  length  of  the  Now  York  ap- 
proach is  I,.')G2  feet  six  inches;  that  of  the 
Brooklyn  approach  is  i)7l  feet.  The  pas- 
senger promenade  will  bo  nine  feet  above 
the  roadway  for  carriages  and  cjtra.  It  will 
doubtless  be  the  must  attractive  promenade 


in  the  world.     The  view  will  be  grand,  and 
tho  M'lilk  will  be  about  one  mile  in  length. 


Answered. 


W.  E.  E.,  Cleveland,  Ohio.— Is  it  cus- 
tomary for  a  traveling  writing-teacher  to 
pay  for  the  use  of  public  schoolrooms  in 
which  ho  may  conduct  his  classes!  Ans. — 
It  is  not.  Yet  it  is,  of  course,  a  matter  en- 
tirely at  the  option  of  school-officers. 

0.  H.,  Thornburg,  Ohio.— Would  you 
recommend  the  use  of  the  oblique  holder f 
Ans.~Yfs.  With  most  writers  it  is  a  de- 
cided aid,  as  it  enables  one  to  hold  the  pen 
in  its  proper  position,  while  the  hand  re- 
mains in  its  natural  position. 

A  Subscriber  asks  if  ''  the  extended  loops 
above  any  below  the  base-line  should  be 
executed  with  the  fingers,  while  writing 
with  tho  forearm  movement  f  Ans.— 
No;  not  entirely.  All  extended  loops 
should  be  made  with  muscles  of  the  arm, 
assisted  by  the  fingers. 

W.  S.  W.,  Brownsville,  Pa.— f  should  be 
much  obliged  to  you  if  you  will  tell  mo 
whether,  when  using  the  oblique  holder, 
tlie  paper  sliould  lie  oblique  or  straight. 
Ans. —  Iho  paper  should  beheld  the  same 
as  if  using  a  straight  holder— straight  with 
the  arm. 

J.  H.  K.,  Hillsboro,  Ohio.— Where  can  I 
procure  a  Report  of  the  late  Business-Edu- 
cators and  Penmen's  Convention!  Ans. — 
We  believe  that  the  Report  has  not  yet 
been  published.  It  is  in  the  hands  of  Sel- 
den  R.  Hopkins,  editor  of  The  Book-keeper, 
2y  Warren  Street,  New  York,  from  whom 
all  desired  information  can  be  had.  We  are 
ourselves  hoping  soon  to  see  a  copy. 

C.  L.  C.  M.,  Kansas  City,  Mo.— let. 
What  causes  the  peu  soineliines  to  spatter, 
in  making  a  curve  to  the  right  or  the  left  on 
an  up  or  down  ."troke?  2.  What  do  you 
mean  by  "stumping  in,"  as  applied  to  let- 
tering? 3.  How  do  you  distinguish  an 
Italian-hand  from  any  other  style  of  writ- 
ing, and  what  is  meant  by  an  Italian-hand  t 
4.  Is  there  any  st^Ie  of  writing  called  tho 
American;  if  so,  how  is  it  determined  from 
the  Italian  or  any  other  f  5.  Where  can  I 
obtain  one  of  the  zephyr  balls  mentiontd  in 
the  Spencer  Lessons  f  ^m.— 1st.  The  pen 
may  spatter  from  several  causes:  such  as 
being  hold  too  much  on  one  nib ;  from  be- 
ing too  sharp-pointed;  and  frequently  from 
being  held  too  straight  up  and  down.  2. 
By  stumping^in,  in  lettering,  is  meant  the 
making  of  the  heavy-shaded  parts  of  text 
and  other  lellering  with  a  single  stroke  of 
a  broad  pen,  and  afterward  adding  the  fine 
lines  and  trimming  with  a  finer  pen.  3. 
The  Italian-hand  is  distinguished  by  a  re- 
verse shade ;  i.  e.,  the  up-strokes  arc  shaded, 
instead  of  the  down-strokes,  and  is  written 


An  I     JOlTUN.VlJ 


with  pen  reversed.  4.  There  is  no  system 
of  writiog  th»t  we  know  of  called  the  Ameri- 
can. The  Spencerian,  and  the  Pajsoo  and 
Dunton  are  essentially  American  systems. 
5.  By  addressing  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer, 
Waaliinelon.  D.  C 


U  A.  Mumnw  bas  lately  opened  a  Commer- 
cial and  Engl'iBli  Traiiiing-Scliool  at  Elklmrl, 
Ind. 

D.  W.  Hoff  has  be«>n  teaching  wriiing  at  the 
Teachers'  Coualj  Insiitules  in  lowjt,  during 
the  vacatioD. 

G.  W.  Kear,  with  R.  G.  Dunn  &  Co.'s  Mir- 
caiilile  Agency,  Scranton,  Pa.,  ia  a  superior 
practical  writer. 

A.  T,  Selover  is  teaching  c1a»ses*in  writing 
and  mnihenialice,  at  Bradford,  Pa.  Mr.  S.  i» 
a  Hkillful  writer. 

Fred  Waldron,  of  Papeete,  Society  Islands, 
writes  u  good  practical  hand,  and  subscribes 
for  the  JOURXAL  for  two  years. 

C.  N.  Craiidle,  formerly  of  Valpiraiao,  Xiid., 
is  teaching  writing  at  the  Western  Normal 
College  and  Commercial  Institute,  at  Buolniell, 
111. 

R.  S.  Collins.  Kings  MouniaJn,  S.  C,  con- 
ducts n  business -department  iu  llie  Kings 
Mountain  High  Scliuol.   Hr  writes  a  handsome 

H.  E.  Dickinson,  a  late  graduate  of  G.  W. 
Michael,  Delaware,  Ohio,  is  the  teacher  of 
writing  at  the  Morrill  Normal  School,  Morrill, 
Kansas. 

P.  B.  Shinn  has  been  teaching  writing  in  the 
Teachers'  Normal  School,  Logansport.  Ind. 
The  specimens  which  he  incloses  are  skillfully 

J.  C.  Miller,  the  accomplished  penman  of 
Allen's  Elmira  (N.  Y.)  Bumu ess- College,  has 
been  spending  Ins  vacation  at  his  hume  in 
Icksbiirg,  Pa. 

J.  W.  Mehan,  who  has  conducted  a  business- 
school  at  Thorp's  Springe,  Texas,  for  some 
lime  past,  is  about  remcving  his  school  to 
Cleburn,  Texas. 

Lue  E.  Darrow,  for  many  years  a  teacher  of 
writing  and  commercial  branches  in  ihe  Ilrynnt 
&  Strattou  colleges,  is  now  engaged  in  tin- 
banking  busiuess,  al  Corning,  Iowa. 

The  lirouklyu  Advance,  for  August,  contains 
an  excellent  portrait  nnd  biogr.tphical  skettli 
of  Charles  Claghorn,  Principal  of  tbe  Bryant 
&  Stratlon  Business-College,  of  Brooklyn. 

The  Hon.  Thos.  E.  Hill,  aulhor  of  "  Hill's 
Manual "  and  other  popular  works,  delivered 
an  Address  belore  the  Illinois  State  Humane 
Society,  at  Springiield,  111.,  on  the  7th  inst. 

W.  II.  Sadler,  president  of  Sadler's  Bryant 
&  Stratton  Busiuess- College,  Baltimore,  Md.. 
has  had  a  severe  attack  of  malarial  fever, 
from  which  he  has  so  far  recovered  as  to  be 
again  on  duty. 

Prof.  Lyman  D.  Smith,  teacher  of  writing  in 
the  public  schools  of  Hartford,  and  author  of  h 
new  series  of  copy-bouks,  is  giving  a  course  ol 
lessons  for  little  folko  in  the  Primary  Teacher, 
published  by  the  New  England  Publishing  Co., 
Boston,  Mass. 


During  the  Si 
Soul^'s  Bryant  &.  Stratton  Biisiness-Cullege, 
Philadelphia,  have  been  relilted  and  enlarged, 
to  accommodate  an  Engliiih  department.  The 
college  bos  been  unusually  prosperous  duj-iug 
the  past  year. 

Col.  Geo.  Soule,  President  of  Soule's  Busi- 
ness-College and  Literary  Institute,  of  New 
Orleans.  La.,  spent  his  vacation  iu  the  North, 
visiting  and  taking  notes  on  education.  His 
lustitution  is  conspicuous  among  the  ediica- 
tiona)  iustilutions  of  the  South. 

Mr.  B.  r.  Kelley,  having  for  the  past  two  or 
three  yeai%  found  thai  the  increasing  demand 
for  pen-work  rendered  it  impossible  for  him  to 
till  all  orders  while  holding  n  position  as 
teacher  in  private  schools,  in  this  city,  has 
relin(|uished  teaching,  and  will  henceforth  de- 


e  to  professional  peo-work. 


The  Jacksonville  (111.)  Daili/ Journal,  nt  the 
td  iuHt..  contains  nearly  two  columns  of  vei-y 
iomplimeiitary  review  of  (he  Jacksonville 
Susiueea-UoUege  aud  English  Trtiuiug-Scbuul, 


conducted  by  G.  W,  Brown.  Mr.  Brown  is 
not  only  an  enterprising  and  competent  man- 
ager, but  he  is  assisted  by  more  than  usually 

J.  D.  Day,  iuveulor  of  the  Day  Patent 
Spacing  T  Srjuare,  who  has  for  some  years 
past  bepu  connected  with  the  office  of  the 
JouitXAL,  takes  the  place  of  Prof.  B.  F. 
Kelley,  as  teacher  of  wriiing  in  several  of  the 
most  popular  private  schools  of  this  city.at  the 
opening  of  their  Fall  terms,  and  he  is  also  en- 
gaged to  teach  writing  in  the  city  night-schools 
duiin^  the  coming  session.  Mr.  Day  is  an  ac- 
complished writer,  which,  with  his  genial, 
pleasant  bearing,  renders  him  alike  popular 
with  pupil  and  patron. 


A  handsomely-written  letter  conies  from  J. 
C.  Sheath,  penmnn  at  the  Metropolitan  Busi- 
ness-College, Chicago,  111. 

D.  E.  Blake.  Saybror.k,  III.,  writes  a  supe- 
rior hand  for  a  lad  of  1'!.  His  specimens  would 
do  honor  to  many  older  penmen. 

M.  B.  Moore,  Morgan,  Ky.,  forwards  a 
Well-executed  Set  of  capitals,  and  several 
creditable  specimens  of  card-writing. 

H.  S.  Strong,  a  pupil  al  Currie'a  Business- 
College,  Ilanisbnrg.  Pa.,  sends  a  skillfully- 
executed  specimen  of  lettering  in  colore. 

A  superior  specimen  of  rapid  and  graceful 
letter-writing,  and  severnl  handsomelv-written 
cards  have  been  received  from  H.  A.  Howard, 
ofRocklmid,  Me. 

W.  E.  Ernst,  at  tlie  Spencerian  Business- 
College,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  writes  a  handsome 
letter,  in  which  he  incloses  several  creditable 
specimens  of  Hourishing  and  card-writing. 

Several  very  elegant  card-Fpecimens  have 
been  recelve<l'fiom  L,  Madarasz.  the  famous 
card-writer.  Cellainly,  liis  fame  is  well 
founded,  for  his  cards  &eem  to  be  the  very  per- 
fection of  that  branch  of  the  penman's  art. 

J.  H.  "Wyse,  who  has  been  lately  appointed 
teacher  of  writing  at  Roanoke  College,  Salem, 


mens  of  cards  and   n.mrishing  are  excellent, 
while  bis  tetter  is  written   in  a  very  graceful 

An  6x10  photograph  of  engrossed  resolutions 
is  received  from  Jos.  Foeller,  Jr.,  Shenandoah, 
Fa.     The  design  is  artistic  and  well-executed. 

Henry  P.  Beliretismeyer,  a  sliulent  at  Chad- 
dock  Business-College,  Quiucy,  ill.,  writes  a 
very  handsome  hand  tor  a  lad  of  14  years. 

Several  very  skillfully  executed  specimens 
of  penmanship,  embracing  off-hand  capitals, 
movement  exercises,  flourishing,  and  practical 
writing  have  been  received  from  E  K.  Isaacs, 
penman  at  thn  Northern  Indiana  Normal 
School  and  Commercial  Institute,  Valparaiso, 
Ind. 

W.  L.  Mace,  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  writes  a  hand- 
some busiuess-letter,  renewing  his  subscription, 
aud  says: 

"  I  have  been  a  subpcriber  to  the  JouilNAL 
very  nearly  three  years,  and  would  'not  do 


m  all  my  knowledge  of  penmanship  to 
titXAh.  it  being  my  oiilu  instructor  in 
Hoping  that  it  may  always  meet  with 


Examination-Paper 
Given    by    PitopEssoR    C-   H.   Peihce, 

The  following'  is  a  copy  of  the  Paper 
given  the  teachers  of  the  Normal  Institute, 
held  for  three  weeks,  at  Keokuk,  Leo  Co.,  I 
lowft.  August,  1882: 

1.  How  use  to  advantage  short  slate  and  ' 
lead  pencils? 

*2.  Why  do  loop  letters  cro=s  i.t  head  and 
b»seliuest  ' 

3.  Illnstrate  !>2°  slant,  and  state  the  base  of 
reckoning  t 

4.  Is  it  possible  to  get  the  exact  form  of  a 
figure  or  letter,  in  the  mind,  by  «ny  process  of 
analysis  or  explanation,  before  beginning  exe- 

5.  Make  and  number  the  principles,  as  given 
in  either  Spencerian  or  P.  D.  and  S.  systems. 

0.  WliHt  are  some  of  the  <uuses  which  lea.l 
to  poov  results  in  caching  writing? 

7.  Name  four  prominent  steps  in  teaching 

8.  If  the  law  required  the  same  proficiency 


NOW  THE  LEADING  TREATISE  ON  B001(T(EEP1NG 

IN    THIS  COUNTRY. 


Arranged  for  use  in  Business  Colleges,  High  Schools, 
and  Academies. 


This  work  embodies  tlic  lid 
neing taken  from  llio  nctii  II  : 
lypractical,  and  commend-    r   , 

TlIBMETtlODOf  plC«lurnL  t 
knowledge  ot  Tioo'b-kccpin^  ea^y 
coui-se  is  a  gmdual  but  certain  at 
and  tliorouglily  prepared  for  tlio 

The  .sroPC  of  tlie  work  Is  wii 


IS  and  metliods  in  TIib  scien 
not  the  result  of  theorizing,  it  iscmlncnt- 
iiien  and  tcachei-s  of  practical  ideas, 
nsto  render  tlie  acqnlsition  of  a  goiind 
lire  ability  and  indnstry.     The  students' 
<'~ented  until  the  mind  has  tiecn  carefully 


in  colors,  on  fine  heavy  paper,  and  bound  in  best  ot  clotli. 

The  Counting  House  Edition 

contains  I'lO  page,  of  which  64  pages  arc  devoted  to  Prcliminai y  i:xeitisc=  imd  IlctnU  Business: 
pag» to  Wholcsalo Merchandising:  lapugcsto  Form  Accounts:  2o  iJiiyus  to  Lnmhcv  Accounts,  i 
pages  to  ManufactiU'ing;  UpagestoSteamboating:  12  pages  to  Rnitioading;  20  pages  tn  Commission 
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I  pages  devoted  to  the  rudiments  of  the  science,  ami  Ketail  and  Whole^ule  Mercliiuidi^«lng. 
This  edition  i>*  precisely  what  is  rcqniru'l  in  High  Schools,  Academies  and  Unlvci-sitics,  where  tin  ex 
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in   tencbing   wriiing    as   is    now   re(|uired    in 

arilhmetic,  geography,  English  grammar,  etc., 

what  Would  be  the  cousequencet 

9.  What  is  one  cause  of  pen-paralysis  T 
10.  Write  a  business-letter   to   Ihe  County 

SMperintendent,   consisting  of  an  application 

for  a  school. 

General  arrancement  of  letter  .     .    5 

Peumansh'p  of  letter 5 

lis-  of  capitals  and  punctuation     .     5 
Folding  and  insertion Ty 

Scale  roii  Pkxmaxshii'. 

1— Ponr. 
2— Fair. 
3— Good. 
4-Kxcellent. 


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JUST    PTITBLISHED. 

Eaion  and  Burnett's  Book-keeping. 


Business  -  Collkgi 


Higher  Grades  > 


cfully  graded,  gradimlly  leading  the  student  onwftrd  from  the  simple  ti 

the  unlijcct  have  been  fully  compassed  and  pliioidated. 

Iittcst  and  most  approved  methods  of  Aotountantship,  conlains  a  wide 


Eaton  and  Burnett's  Commercial  Law. 

REVISED   AND    ENLARGED. 


i«  Paper.  Agency.  PnrtnprsUips,  Gorporolions.  Bailments,  etc,  and  i 
FAVORABLE  RATES  TO  SCHOOLS.     Price,  by  n 


Practical  Book-keeping 

By  Prot.  J.  GROESBECK. 
IN  TWO  BOOKS,  VIZ.: 


EATON  &  BURNETT, 

Ealoi,  ,(■  Buriuu;  Bu.incsi-Colkyt 
BALTIMORE,  Md. 


IN  PllWABATlOS.  RBADV  SKnKMllKR,  1^83. 

A  N*w,  RoTlsed  and  Enlar^  EiUtioo  ol 

T/if  Crittfnden   Commercial  Arithmetic. 

Pri„t«l  from  eDtir>-ly  new  „lwlr«lyp<,  platw. 

Eldredge  &  Bro., 

*-"^' PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 


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P  0.  Box  3105.  New  Yort  City. 


MA  YHE  W'S 

UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual   of    Business    Practice, 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LL.D., 

Detroit,  Mich, 


wz 

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FIFTH    EDITION.  FIFTH    EDITION. 

REVISED  AND  IMPROVED. 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC. 

A  New  and  Improved  Work  on  Business  Calculations, 

Specially  Prepared  as  a  Practical  Text-book  for  Business-Colleges, 

High  Schools,  Academies  and  Universities. 


When  first  published,  it  at  once  received  tlie  ^trongeat  indorsetnetit  o(  many  of  llie 
leading  businesu  educatoi^  in  this  Country,  and  was  adopted  by  over  one  hundred  promiueul 
Business-Coll  eges  and  Private  Schools  in  the  United  Stales  and  the  Canadas. 

Since  that  time  it  has  been  able  not  only  to  retain  EVERY  ONE  of  its  palroua,  but  also  to 
secure  others,  in  such  numbers  that  four  large  editions  have  been  consumed  in  supplying  the 
demand. 

TJSS;  FIFTH  EDITION, 

just  published  (512  royal  octavo  pages),  has  been  revised,  and  improved  by  the  addilion  ot 
many  new  and  valuable  platea,  together  with  the  correction  of  all  typographical  errors  incident 
to  the  publication  of  new  books. 

In  addition  to  the  publication  of  the  work  in  a  con^lete  edition,  for  the  convenience  ot 


3  also  published 


3  Parta. 

PART    FIRST 


brace  many  novel  features. 

PART    SECOND 

Begins  with  the  subject  of  Percentage,  and  embraces  a  thorough,  exhaustive,  and  pre-eminently 
practical  treatment  of  the  various  arithmetical  topics,  in  a  aysleniatic  and  natural  order. 

This  portion  of  the  work  (358  royal  octavo  pages)  was  first  published  in  September,  1830. 

Its  success  was  quick  and  complete,  and  the  demand  for  a  new  edition  became  as  impeia- 
tive  as  flattering.  It  is  honestly  believed  that  this  Arithmetic,  as  now  published,  presents  such 
features  of  improvement  and  progress  as  justify  the  claim  that  it  is  more  thorough,  complete  and 
practical  than  any  similar  work  now  before  the  public. 

As  to  its  merits  as  a  text-book  for  Buatness-Colleges  and  Schools,  attention  is  invited  to  a 
/e?d  of  the  many  testimonials  which  have  been  received  from  'poXrom  only,  who  have  tested  the 


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SPECIMEN-PAGES  will  be  mailed  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  Stamp. 

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Bryant,  Si  ration  &  Sadler  Business-Oollege, 

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THE    BUSINESS-MAN'S 

Commercial  Low  and  Business-Foms 

COMBIN^ED, 

By   the    HON.  GEO.  W.  CLINTON,  .and   J.  C.  BRYANT. 
A  Vade-mecum  for  the  Counting-house,  ami  a  Text-book  for  Schools. 


This  new  work,  just  published,  as  the  title  indicates,  is  a  combinatiim  of  Com- 
mercial Law  and  Business-Forms,— Me /ri/  of  the  kind  ever  published,— \r\  which 
the  text  of  the  Laiv  is  illustrated  wrih  Business-Forms,  which  elucidate  the  prin- 
ciples, and  create  an  interest  in  the  subject  beyond  anything  possible  with  the  old 
works.  It  treats  of  Contracts.  Negotiable  Paper,  Sales  of  Personal  Property, 
Warranty.  Guaranty.  Lien,  Shipping,  Common  Carrier,  Stoppage  in  Transitu,  Per- 
sonal Services.  Copyright.  Agency,  Partnership,  Bailments,  Insurance,  etc.  It  is 
entirely  free  from  legal  technicalities.  It  is  original,  attraciive  and  practical ;  the 
best  aid  to  business-education,  and  the  best  reference-book  for  business-men.  ever 
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and  is  an  invaluable  book  for  the  farmer,  the  mechanic  and  the  business-man.  It 
'  ijntains  nearly  a  hundred  Business-Forms,  the  most  approved  and  best  now  in  use, 
,uui  it  is  so  simple  that  it  can  be  easily  understood  by  any  one,  while,  at  the  same 
lime,  it  is  most  thoroughly  comprehensive. 

It  has  absolutely  no  competitor,  either 
or  as  a  hand-book  for  business-men  ;  there 

I   take  great  pleasure  in  announcing  : 
Hon.  Geo.  W.  Clinton,  than  whom  there  is  n 

y  years  the  Chief  Judge  of  the  Superit 
of  the  Board  of  Regents  of  the  State  of  New  York.  It  is  the  joint  work  of  Judge 
Clinton  and  the  undersigned,  the  whole  matter  having  been  under  his  careful 
supervision  and  thorough  revision.     There  can  be  no  doubt  whatever  of  the  corrcct- 

of  the  principles  and  rules  of  law  presented,  a  point  which  cannot  be  too  care- 
fully considered  in  the  adoption  of  a  work  on  Commercial  Law.  As  to  the  work 
itself,  it  need  only  to  be  seen  to  be  appreciated  by  business-men,  teachers  and 
students.    The  presentation  of  Commercial  Law  and  Business-Forms  combined  is  a 

departure  entirely  original  with  this  work.  The  old,  old  method  of  presenting 
Commercial  Law  in  the  dry  and  abstract  form  will  soon  become  obsolete.  The  new 
method  inaugurated  in  this  work  will  create  a  new  interest  in  the  subject,  which 
will  serve  as  an  inspiration  to  students,  and  will  challenge  the  admiration  of  teachers. 
It  is  of  medium  size— about  the  size  of  Bryants  Counting-house  Book-keeping— 
arly  320  p;iges,  handsomely  bound  in  cloth.  The  retail  price  is  $2.  It 
i-iU  want,  and  should  be  in  the  hands  of  every 
Agents  wanted  to  canvass  in  all  parts  of  the 


\s  a  text-book  for  colleges  and  schools, 
i-  no  other  work  of  the  kind. 
s  one  of  the  authors  of  tliis  work,  the 
)  better  legal  authority  in  the  State;  for 
r  Court,  and  at  present  Vice-Chancellor 


is  a  book  which  ev^ry  busine 
young  man  throughout  the  ( 


United  Sti 


Addn 


J.  C.  BRYANT,  Publisher, 

Bryant  &^  Stratton  Business-College, 
BUFFALO,  N. 


$l.iHJ  )iwr  iluteu.    Aiiar>H,  1 


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,  eouloiiiiiig  TKN  pencil.,  of, > 


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greath 


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LABOR-SAVING!  SELF-TEACHING! 

BOOK-KEEPING. 

A  NEW  TEXT-BOOK,  ON  AN  ENTIRELY  NEW  PLAN! 

The  explanations,  illii»tralione,  and  system  of  references  are  bo  complete  that  the  pupil 
can  perform  the  work  praclicnlly  unaided. 

At  least  two-thirds  of  tlie  labor  otMiuarily  devolving  upon  the  teacher  is  eaved,  and  the 
pupil  taiiifhi  that  most  valuable  leeson— self  relianc. 

Much  of  the  work  to  be  pTtormed  by  the  learner  has  been  photo-engraved,  at  great 
expense,  from  elegant  liupiiiess-penmanship,  making  the  pages  in  all  pariiculars  as  hia  should 
appear,  and  aflbrding  the  most  practical  ii  strudioii  in  peiimauship. 

Pan  First,  containing  initiatory  eels,  examples.  explHuations.  and  forma  of  piincipal  and 
auxiliary  books,  vviih  more  than  iweuty  engiaved  pages  and  jiaita  of  pnges, 


la  Now  Hkady, 


.  BK  MaILBD  to  any  ADDRESS  1 


1  75  Ce 


and  the  completed  book,  containing  epeciiil  forms  of  book  keeping,  will  be  ready  October  lai. 

A  tiiuidar.  giving  un  outline  of  thu  work,  will  be  mailed  to  any  addie^a,  and  My  proof- 
pages,  showing  form  and  method,  will  be  wuiled  upon  receipt  ofbve  letter  stamps. 
A<ldif»n 

TS^illiams  '&   Rogers, 

9-1.    Rochester  Business  University,  ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


Peirce's  Business  College, 

KLOKUK.  IOWA. 
The  Ch'op,gr  ami  /  r»l  in  ihe  WeH. 


C.  H.  PEIRCE,  I'r 


SPENCERIAN  BUSINESS  COLLEGE, 

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SCRIPT  RULERS. 


whose  fine  penmanship  goes  to  all  parts 
of  the  country,  will  write  your  name,  in 
the  style  which  has  made  Madarasz  fa- 
mous, on  twenty-five  cards,  and  inclose 
same  in  a  handsome  Russia-Le.mher 
Card-Case,  on  receipt  of  Si. 

BRILLIANT  BLACK  IXK 
sent  by  express  for  S1.30  per  quart.     Re- 
ceipt for  its  manufacture 


On  receipt  of  81  and  ten  t-cent  stamps 

1  will  send  you  the  following,  prepaid, 

2  Sets  of  CapitalE,  different.     .     ,  worth  .50 

1  Brilliant  Black  Ink  Recipe    .      . 

2  Specimens  of  Flourishing     .     . 
Cards  with  your  name     .... 

Total  worth     .     .     . 


THREE  COMPLETE  SETS  OF 

OFF-HAND  CAPITALS. 
no  two  alike,  only  50  cents.  Single  sets, 
20  cents.  To  students  anti  others  desir- 
ing a  variety  of  the  latest  styles  of  Capi- 
tals, these  will  be  found  to  be  the  finest 
pen-and-ink  worK  executed  by  any  pen- 
man in  the  world. 

ET-On  receipt  of  ten  i-cent  stamps 
samples  of  cards  will  be  sent,  showing 
:he  most  wonderful  command  ol  the  pen. 


Professional  penmen  often  inquire 
m/,al  pen  is  used  by  Madarasz  that  he 
can  make  such  line  hair-lines  and  bold 
shades.  The  identical  pens  will  be  sent 
to  any  address  for  50  cents  per  box.  and 
for  the  very  finest  quality.  60  cents  per 
bo.\.  After  five  years'  constant  use  these 
pens  cannot  be  loo  highly  recommended. 

Poor  writing  made  good,  and  ^'rarf 
writing  made  betier,  by  using  the  im- 
proved 

Patent  Oblique  Penlwldcr, 

Mailed  to  your  address  for  20  cents. 


WANTED. 
A  good,  live  agent,  in  eveiy  school,  to 
solicit  orders  for  written  cards.  Sample- 
book,  containing  SUfEKU  samples,  with 
reduced  prices,  sent  for  35  i-cent  stamps. 
Students  in  commercial  colleges  make 
money  handsomely,  canvassing  at  the 
rates  offered, 

E^  All  orders  promptly  and  carefully 
filled.  Canadian  scrip  only  accepted. 
U.  S.  postage-stamps  taken  for  any 
amount  by 

L  MADARASZ,  Penman. 

p.  0.  Box  2105,    New  York  City. 

Please  mention  the  JotiR.NAt. 


PUni  ISHI.D    MONlIir.Y,    Al     aoi    BR<J  \DWAY,    TOIi  «1  ()()    Ph  H    YKAR 
Entered  at  the  Post  Office  of  New  York,  N.  T.,  aj  lecond-cla^lg  matUr, 


NEW    YORK,    OCTOBER,   1882. 


Vol..  VI.— No.  10. 


Lessons  in  Practical  Writing. 


Spencer   Brothers. 


OopjTighiwl,  Oct.,  1882,  by  Speacer  Rroth^n. 

The  Zei'Iiyr  Ball.— lu  oiu  August  les- 
eiiu,  we  suggested  tbe  use  of  the  zephyr 
hall  in  the  palii)  of  the  hand,  while  writiiig, 
as  a  remiudor  of  the  proper  position  of  the 
third  and  fourth  fiugers. 

In  response  to  numerous  inquiries  received 
in  regard  to  obtainiog  the  little  ball,  we  give 
our  readers  and  writers  directions  forinak- 
iug  it,  aa  follows:  Wiud  a  half-ounce  of 
soft  woolen  yarn  on  a  piece  of  stiff  card- 
board, one  and  one-half  inches  in  width ; 
then  draw  the  cardboard  out  and  tie  the 
roll  of  yarn  exactly  in  the  middle,  and  firmly, 
with  a  strong  cord;  cut  the  closed  ends  of 
the  yarn  and  you  have  a  tluffy  hall  the  proper 
size  for  use  in  practicing  writing. 

The  Pasteboard  Button.— Also  sug- 
gested in  the  August  lesson,  to  he  placed  on 
the  hack  of  the  hand,  in  the  hollow  between 
the  knuckles  of  the  first  and  second  fingers 
aa  an  indicator  of  the  level  of  the  hand  and 
aa  a  chi-jk  to  the  bad  iiabit  of  rolling  it, 


nplf 
making  it  an 
The  devicf 


article  that  directions  for 
needless. 

we  have  suggested  must  not 
be  relied  upon,  solely,  to  secure  the  correct 
writing  position;  let  them  rather  be  con- 
sidered as  friendly  aids  to  mind  and  hand, 
which,  perseveringly  used,  will  hasten  the 
"  consunimaliou  devoutly  to  be  wished." 

The  Manual  op  the  Pen,  as  given  in 
the  August  number,  for  discipline  of  body, 
arms  and  hands,  should  now  be  gone 
through,  faithfully,  bringing  tbe  writer  in 
proper  position  to  Copy  1,  Movement 
Exercise,  which  is  first  to  be  traced  with 
the  (pointed)  tip  of  pt^nholder,  counting 
strokes  promptly,  1,  2,  3,  1,  2,  3,  through- 
I.  Keep  wide  awake, 
and    hand,  ciuployiug 


idjoh 


»ak- 


nth 


iD  Arm. — 
3  shown  by 


the  combin; 

combined  movement  in  forming  a 
the  o's,  and  the  forearm  movemei 
ing  the  three  compound  sweeps: 

Nest;  practice  this  copy  freely 
and  ink. 

The  Picture  op  the  Nake 
Keep  a  well  balanced 
accoinpauyiiig  illustrat 
weiglit  upon  the  muscular  rest  of  the  fore- 
arm, at  H,  than  upon  the  nails  of  the  third 
and  fourth  fingers,  at  F. 

The  forearm,  acting  upon  its  flexible 
muscular  rest, moves  thehand  laterally,  from 
side  to  side,  while  the  first  and  second 
fingers  and  thumb  co-operate,  subordinately, 
in  articulating  the  letters  in  rapid  succession. 
The  further  u^e  of  the  forearm  will  be  shown 
in  subsequent  lessons. 

The  Thuwk.— The  copy  of  o's  with  its 
other  ad\aulugce,  afl'ords  an  excellent  op- 
p<'rtunity  to  exercise  the  thumb.  The  right 
side  of  the  small  o  can  be  made  nicely  by  a 
slight  projective  movement  of  the  thumb, 
giving  beneficial  action  to  both  its  foiuts. 
Try  this. 

2ud  Coi'v. — These  Ittteis  «  quire  careful 
study.  The  exact  fortts  must  be  impressed 
upon  your  mental  tablet  before  you  can  pro- 


tinflc.  Foims  of  Lssi 


r  3r*C.  I-elters  spacefl  and  joined  in  "WonSs. 

411JC.  Thel3  ShoTtLetlers.eorribine-wifhoullifiing  pen.  r 


duce  them  upon  the  fair,  white  paper.  An 
excellent  method  by  which  to  gain  a  clear 
conception  of  tbe  letters  was  presented  in 
our  first  lesson.  We  call  it "  Mental  Photo- 
graphy." Try  it.  Fix  your  attention  on 
the  first  letter,  in  the  copy — the  o  —  and 
make  it  in  the  air  like  the  copy,  only  larger, 
counting  the  strokes,  thus:  1,  2,  3,  4 — or, 
naming  them,  thus:  left,  left,  right,  right; 
then  close  your  eyes  and  make  the  letter  in 
the  air  from  the  model  which  you  can  clearly 
see  with  your  mind's  eye ;  now  write  the 
letter  on  paper,  stopping  frequently  to  com- 
pare your  letters  with  the  copy,  and  then 
correct  your  faults.  Thus  you  may  pro- 
ceed with  the  letters  in  their  order  until  you 
have  practiced  all  of  them. 

It  is  desirable,  also,  that  you  be  able  to 
state  the  proportitms  of  the  letters  and  de- 
scribe them;  because  knowledge  that  can 
be  expressed,  is  held  clearly  in  the  mind  and 
cau  be  put  to  use  or  expressed  to  others. 

Small  0. —  Hight,  one  space ;  width  of 
main  part,  one-half  space.  Begin  on  base- 
line; ascend  \vitb  left  curve  on  connective 
slant,  one  space,  unite  angularly,  and  de- 
scend with  left  curve  on  main  slant  to  base- 
line ;  turn  short,  and  ascend  with  right  curve 
to  top;  unite  angularly,  aud  finish  with  hori- 
zontal right  curve  a  half  space  in  length. 

Small  a. — Hight,  1  space ;  entire  width, 
2  spaces.  Begin  on  base-line  and  ascend 
with  full  leftcuive  two  obUtiue  spaces  to  the 
right,  retrace  ooe-third  aud  descend  with 
full  left  curve  tonehiug  base-line  one  space 
to  right  of  point  of  beginning  ;  ascend  with 
slight  right  curve  on  couuei^tive  slant  to  top, 
unite  angularly,  and  descend  with  straight 
line  on  main  slant  to  base;  turn  short,  and 
ascend  witli  right  curve  on  connective  slant. 


Small  e.  — Hight,  one  space;    width  of 


loop,  one-fourth  space;  length  of  loop, 
two-thirds  space;  entire  width  of  letter,  two 
spaces. 

Ascend  with  right  curve  on  connective 
slant,  one  space;  turn  short  to  left,  and  de- 
scend with  flight  left  curve  on  main  slant  to 
base ;  turn  short  and  finish  with  right  curve, 
ascending  on  connective  slant,  one  space. 

Small  c. — Hight,  one  space ;  length  of 
top,  one-third  space ;  width  of  top,  one- 
third  space  ;  entire  width,  two  spaces. 

Ascend  with  right  curve  on  connective 
slant,  one  space,  unite  angularly,  and  de- 
scend with  straight  line  one-thiid  space; 
turn  short,  and  descend  with  right  curve  to 
top  ;  descend  with  left  curve  on  main  slant 
to  base;  turn  short,  atid  finish  with  right 
curve  ascending  on  connective  slant,  one 
space. 

Small  r.  —  Hight,  one  and  one -fourth 
spaces ;  width,  from  first  curve  to  shoulder 
turn,  one-fourth  space. 

Right  curve  on  coonective  slant,  one  and 
one -fourth  spaces;  light  dot,  slight  left 
curve  nearly  vertical,  one-fourth  space ; 
short  turn,  straight  line  on  main  slant  to 
base;  short  turn   on  connective  slant,  one 

Small  s.  —  Hight,  one  and  one -fourth 
spaces;  width  at  third  of  bight,  one-half 
space;  entire  width,  two  spaces. 

Make  right  curve  as  inr,  angular  joining, 
slight  left  curve  one-third  space  and  full 
right  curve  to  base,  short  turn,  slight  dot 
on  first  curve,  finish  with  right  curve  on 
connective  slant,  one  space. 

Criticism. —  Criticige  your  letters  and 
correct  their  faults.  There  will  be  faults  of 
highi,  faults  of  slant,  faults  of  curves, 
faults  of  turns,  faults  of  angular  joinings, 
etc,  etc.,  which  may  readily  be  discovered 
by  comparison  with  the  copy. 


Monograms.— The  relations  of  letters  to 
each  other  are  shown  by  the  monograms  in 
the  2nd  Copy,  aud  these  aro  also  designed 
for  practic*?. 

3rd  Copy. — The  steps  of  our  lesson  are, 
as  you  may  observe,  {])  movement;  (2)  prin- 
ciples; (3)  practice.  The  first  and  sec<md 
steps  properly  taken,  the  third  is  rendered 
comparatively  easy.  Begin  each  word  with 
a  short  sliding  movement  of  the  whole 
hand,  slide  from  letter  to  letter,  space  equally 
between  letters. 

Begin  the  lu'actice  of  a  word,  making  the 
strokes  a«  rapidly  as  you  would  ordinarily 
count;  gradually  increase  your  speed  until 
you  can  write  from  twenty-five  to  thirty 
words  per  minute  and  do  them  well.  Con- 
tinue this  practice  until  you  have  mastered 
all  the  words  in  your  copy. 

4th  Copy.— This  reviews  the  thirteen 
short  letters,  presenting  them,  as  you  should 
observe,  in  alphabetical  order.  They  pre- 
sent a  combination  somewhat  difficult ;  but 
practice  will  enable  you  to  execute  it  suc- 
cessfully. 

Be  particular  to  wrice  tlie  exact  size  of  the 
copies.  If  you  cannot  get  the  size  without, 
measure  the  bight,  and  rule  a  head-line  for 
tbe  tops  of  the  short  letters. 

Left-hand  PractijCE.  —  The  advant- 
ages of  becoming  ambidextrous  in  penman- 
ship were  pointed  out  in  our  last  lesson. 
The  suggestion  to  practice  with  the  left- 
hand,  as  well  as  with  the  right,  will,  we 
trust,  be  acted  upon  by  many  who  are  seek- 
ing to  follow  the  lessons  of  The  Penman's 
Art  Journal. 


Written  by  Proxy. 
By  Mary  E.  Martin. 
There  was  an  unusual  stir  in  the  very 
quiet  uoighhorhood  of  Spring  Grove,  for  the 
dlsjrict-school  would  open  on  Monday.  It 
only  had  a  life  of  six  mouths  of  the  year, 
but  it  was  an  event  to  the  neighborhood.  It 
was  on  a  very  peaceful  Sunday  afternoon, 
about  the  middle  of  September,  that  Morris 
Norton,  the  faeher,  drove  out  from  the  city 
to  begin  his  work  tbe  next  morning.  He 
was  an  aristocratic,  stylish -looking  young 
man,  aud  would  form  such  a  contrast  to  hia 
scholars,  that  as  one  looked  at  him,  stand- 
ing near  the  schoolhouse  stile,  one  could  hut 
wonder  what  freak  haid  put  it  into  his  head 
to  come  here  to  teach.  He  had  just  grad- 
uated, and  wanted  the  experience  of  teach- 
ing before  settling  down  to  law,  he  would 
have  told  you,  had  you  asked  him.  But  a 
Higher  Power  than  be  knew  was  placing 
him  there  to  do  a  work  needed.  Spring 
Grove  was  in  the  Hoosier  State,  and  the 
people  had  all  the  characteristics  for  which 
they  have  been  so  celebrated.  On  this  after- 
noon while  Morris  Norton  stood  there  by  the 
stile,  there  whs  in  the  place  a  dreamy 
stillness  that  conjured  up  odd  fancies  in  his 
mind.  He  almost  fancied  himself  in  some 
old  abbey  as  he  looked  at  the  cxilumned  tree 
trunks  and  the  green  arches  overhead ;  hut 
he  was  quickly  startled  from  his  reveries  by 
the  abort  cry  of  the  jaybird,  and  the  work- 
manlike tap  of  the  woodpecker  that  was 
scrambling  round  a  tree -trunk;  and  ho 
aroused  himself,  crossed  the  attle,  giving  a 


Vlfl    JOIKN.VL 


luok  acrosB  the  pravtl  road  to  the  little  toll- 
linage,  so  nnall  hcwondcied  how  the  keeper 
lunied  round  id  it ;  then  letiing  his  eyeglauce 
further  on,  it  reatcd  od  the  little  white 
church,  with  its Vavcywd,  where  the  while 
irarblfl  etonea  gleauicil  in  the  sunlight,  with 
a  look  BO  eolernn,  tiiat  he  gave  an  ioyolun- 
t»rj  touch  to  his  hat  as  he  passed  on  into 
his  boarding-buuse. 

The  school- bell  rang  out  on  Monday 
tnurniog.  and  pupils  and  teacher  took  their 
plnc«8.  They  were  nearly  all  children  of 
rirh  farmers,  hut  as  scarce  as  labor  was,  they 
had  to  work  side  by  side  with  their  fathers- 
So.  when  Morris  Nurtou,  walking  down  the 
aislo,  noticed  a  slight  hiding  of  their  feet,  he 
could  but  smile.  Both 
boys  and  girls  had  taken 
off  their  Bhoes.  They  had 
tried  to  do  honor  to  this 
tirsl  day,  by  wearing  them, 
but  could  not  hold  out. 
There  waa  one  I'oy  who 
attracted  hia  attention  by 
a  liandwriting  that  waa 
almost  marvelous  in  its 
clenrnefls  and  beauty.  Ho 
showed  plainly  that  he 
was  poor,  and  had  a  most 
friendless  a,ir  about  him, 
and  this  made  his  beauti- 
ful writing  and  hie  quick, 
intelligent  answers  all  the 
more  surpriting. 

At  noon  the  teacher 
aaked  one  of  the  girls 
standing  near  the  door, 
who  the  hoy  was.  "  Oh," 
she  c|uicklyan8werc(],  with 
a  tosB  of  the  head,  "  that's 
John  Kay's  bound -boy. 
They  send  them  boys  out 
here  to  the  farmers  from 
the  streets  of  New  York." 

Then  Morris  Norton 
understood,  and  deter- 
mined to  complete  the 
good  work  others  had  be- 
gun. Some  little  explana- 
tiou  about  the  losson  gave 
hiiii  the  desired  opportu- 
nity, and  he  said,  "  If  you 
will  remaiu  aftor  school, 
I  will  show  you." 

As  the  teacher  turned 
from  the  door,  when  the 
other  pupils  had  gone,  he 
noticed    the     boy    more 


I  have  to  think  about,  Mr.  Norton.  I  hsd 
a  sister,  but  where  she  is  now,  whether  dead 
or  living,  I  do  not  know.  My  sister  and  I 
clung  together  as  long  as  we  cuuld.  FioaUy, 
the  Society  got  a  place  for  her,  and  I  came 
West.  I  wrote  back,  hot  could  not  hear 
from  her.  Mr.  Ray  wrote  to  the  Society, 
but  further  than  that  a  relative  came  forward 
and  claimed  her  we  could  not  hear.  But  it 
will  be  the  work  of  my  life  to  find  her 
when  I  am  a  free  man." 

"I  hope  you  may,  Ted;  and  always  re- 
member that  you  have  a  friend  in  me." 

The  boy's  face  brightcucd,  and  his  step 
quickened,  as  he  went  on  his  way  home. 
The  weeks  went  by  fast,  bringing  the  school- 


in  a  few  days ;  but  a  boy  like  that  could 
scarcely  do  the  writiug.  "I  have  other  in- 
terests in  the  town,  and  he  will  have  to  be 
quick  in  busiuess." 

Morris    smiled,   and    said :    "  Try  him, 

"  Well,  bring  him  when  you  come  again." 
Morris  Norton  told  Ted,  when  he  went 
back,  of  llie  place  he  had  secured  for  him. 
A  happy  light  came  into  his  face,  then  went 
out  again,  as  he  said  :  "  Oh,  how  good  you 
are,  Mr.  Norton ;  but  you  forget  that  T  am 

"  1  have  thought  ol  that,  Ted,  and  talked 
the  matter  over  with  Mr.  Ray,  before  I  spoke 
to  my  uncle.     He  is  willing  for  you  to  go. 


The  youog  girl  choked  dowu  a  s..t..  when 
she  said:  "If  you  ouly  hud  I  Uul,  I  am 
afraid  now,  we  will  never  find  him.'' 

"  Oh.  yes,  Alice,  when  I  am  gone,  you 
will  have  time  to  find  him.  I  have  moved 
about  so,  from  place  to  place,  that,  I  think, 
in  trying  to  get  well,  I  have  been  the  cause 
of  losing  him.  But,  Alice,  get  the  paper 
and  write  my  will  for  me,  child,  for  I  shall 
never  be  able  to  do  it  myself." 

"Me,  auntie  !"  exclaimed  Alice.  "Let 
me  send  for  your  lawyer  :  he  is  the  proper 
person,  if  you  cannot  do  it  yourself." 

"  No,  Alice,  you  are  going  to  write  it. 
Do  you  think  I  would  leave  a  will  written 
by  a  lawyer  ?     I  never  saw  a  lawyer  that 

— __ — -    could  write  a  hand  that 

anybody  could  read  at  a 
!  glance.  I  am  telliug  you 
I    the  truth,  Alice  ;  if  I  did 


kno 


^:22ut4y  C^^€^:'- 
(Iyv&^^ai4adu4yQC'M^^lC^y 


'rf^^-^mh^ ) 


.-i^^ 


// 


closely.      He 


tall 


young  man,  of  rather  a 
lanky  appearance,  with  a 
pleasant  face,  and,  ns  Nor- 
ton approached  him,  the 
young  man  lifted  his  eyes 
to  him,  aud  the  teacher 
saw  they  wen-  as  blue  as 
the  morning-glories  that 
grew  outside  tho  door. 
After  Norton  had  ex- 
plained the  lesson  he  said: 
'  Youug  man,  may  I  ask 
y.nrnamef" 

He  said,  "  It  is  Thad- 
deus  Waltou,  but  every 
oui-  about  here  wills  mo 
Mohu  Ray's  Ted.'" 

"Who  is  'John  Ray 't" 

"  He  is  the  man  who  took  me  to  raise ;  he 
took  me  from  a  Sticiety  in  New  York.  He 
had  to  promise  to  scud  ine  to  school,  and 
I've  been  i-oming  hero  every  Winter." 


<Z^4^^^^Uu^. 


CZfA^^46^4aciuA  i 


TAe  ofcorf-cui  ta  yAoto-Mffrarerf  from  original  pen-and-ink  copy,  ex-tcuteil  at  the  ofice  (if  the  "Journal,"  and  is  one  of  the  aL 
illustrative  of  practical  and  artistic  penmanship  prepared  for  the  "  Vnivtrtal  Self- Instruction  and  Manual  of  Central 
Reference  and  Forms,"  to  be  issued  hy  Thomat  Kelly,  No.  17  Harclay  Street.  New  Tori;  on  November  lit. 
The  work  it  to  consist  of  748  quarto-payes,  beautifullij  illustrated. 


year  to  a  close,  and  Ted  studied  early  and 
late  J  long  after  the  farmer  and  his  family 
were  asleep,  Ted  could  he  found  studying 
by  the  light  of  tlie  kitchen-fire.  Hia  mother 
"  Do  you  like  it  better  than  the  streets  of  j  had  taught  him  when  young,  and  it 


New  York,  Ted?" 

"  In  some  things,  yes,  sir;  but  it  is  so 
loufsome  aud  so  quiet,  sometimes,  I  had 
almost  risked  blacking  boots." 

■'  Did  you  never  have  any  other  homo, 
T.'d?" 

"Oh,  yes  ;  my  father  was  a  sea-captain, 
Hud  after  he  died,  mother  did  not  long  aland 
the  hard  work  which  she  had  to  do  to  sup- 
port my  sister  aud  myself." 

"  Then  you  hud  a  sister,  Ted  t  " 

The  blue  eyes  fillwl.  and  there  was  a  per- 
ceptible quiver  about  the  mouth  as  he 
Hus«ered:  "That  is  tho  most  bitter  thing 


her  he  owed  the  beautiful  handwriting. 

Morris  Norton  opened  to  him  new  fields 
in  the  art.  At  first,  the  wonder  of  his 
knowledge  overawed  the  boy,  but  before 
school  closed  he  had  gone  beyond  the 
teacher.  Morris  Norton  thought  what  a 
pity  to  leave  this  boy  hero  in  the  country 
when  he  would  do  so  well  in  a  good  posi- 
tion. So  on  one  of  his  monthly  visits  to 
hia  uncle.  Judge  Clayton,  in   the  town  of 

R ,  he  spoke  to  him  of  Ted,  aud  said : 

"  Uncle,  have  you  no  place  that  would  suit 
Ted  in  your  otEce  T  " 

"  Ye<i,  Morris,  one  of  my  clerks  will  leave 


if  you  will  be  better  satisfied." 

School  closed  iu  a  few  days,  Ted  standing 
at  the  head  of  his  classes.  Indeed,  so  hard 
had  he  worked  that  hia  teacher  felt  that  he 
could  scarcely  keep  ahead  of  him.  That 
afternoon  Ted  bid  good-by  to  Spring 
Grove,  and,  a  day  after,  Morris  Norton  in- 
troduced him  to  his    uncle  in   his  private 

"  Alice,  child,  I  don't  feel  that  I  am  grow- 
ing any  better,  aud,  since  that  last  stroke  of 
paralysis,  I  fear  that  I  could  not  stand  an 
other,  aud  I  wish  to  have  my  will  written. 
I  fear  1  may  drop  off  suddenly,  and  every- 


I   ha 


'  go 


It 


blessed  day  for  you  and  for  me  when  my 
search  came  to  an  end,  aud  I  fouud  you.  If 
I  had  only  been  a  little  sooner  and  found 
your  brother." 


money  I  had,  and  how  it 
is  invested,  I  could  never 
tell  from  my  lawyer's 
letters.  I  can  read  about 
one  word  in  six ;  then  I 
have  to  guess  at  the  rest. 
He  writes  better  than 
some  I  have  had.  I  have 
had  papers  and  deeds 
from  some  lawyers  that 
would  puzzle  a  Philadel- 
phia lawyer  to  under- 
stand. No,  I  am  not 
goiug  to  leave  a  will  iu 
such  a  slovenly  hand- 
writing. Go,  get  the 
paper,  child,  and  do  as  I 
tell  you.  I'll  see  that  it 
iH  valid." 

The  old  lady  turned 
wearily  ou  her  pillow,  and 
watched,  lovingly,  the 
face  of  the  young  girl. 
Finally,  when  the  young 
girl  was  through  writing, 
she  placed  the  pen  in  the 
crippled  baud  of  her  aunt, 
and  although  she  could 
write  with  great  difficulty 
she  signed  her  name,  as 
she  remarked,  in  a  way 
that  she  need  not  be 
ashamed.  "  I  have  loft 
everything  to  you,  Alice, 
and  have  chosen  your 
guardian;  .but  the  under- 
standing is,  if  your  broth- 
er is  ever  found,  he  shares 
equally  with  you;  aud  I 
have  left  a  letter  for  him, 
explaining  everything." 

The  end  was  nearer 
than  even  Aunt  Tabitha 
knew.  She  died  that 
night,  and  Alice  was  left 
alone  in  tho  world,  except 
for  the  care  of  a  guardian 
in  a  distant  city. 


In  the  rush  of  busi- 
ness, Judge  Clayton  lad 
little  time  to  notice  his 
clerks,  more  than  to  see 
that  everything  was 
promptly  attended  to. 
But,  one  day,,  he  called 
the  head  clerk  into  hia  private  office,  aud 
said  :  "Howlett,  which  of  tho  young  clerks 
has  been  doing  my  copying  lately?  When 
I  came  in  this  morning,  the  pai>er3  were 
lying  on  my  desk  and  they  M-cre  beautifully 
written.  Indeed,  some  of  my  oldest  clients 
have  noticed  it." 

"  That  was  young  Walton's  work,  sir ;  ho 
writes  so  beautifully  that  I  have  long  ago 
put  him  on  the  finest  work  in  the  office." 

"Well,  Howlett,  send  him  to  me.  I 
would  like  to  speak  to  him." 

As  young  Waltou  stood  before  his  em- 
ployer that  morning,  waiting  for  bim  to 
speak,  one  could  sec  how  iimch  he  had 
improved.  He  was  still  slender,  but  the 
loose  movements  that  he  once  had  were  all 
gone.  His  frame  was  strongly  knit  together, 
and  every  movement  was  one  of  grace. 


plates 


,<i  inomiog,  Mr.  Walton;  take  a 
lid  Judge  Clayton.  ■'  I  wish  to  havo 
1  with  you." 
Walton  did  not  look  hig  surprise,  but  he 
felt  it ;  for  it  whs  the  firet  time  he  bad  ever 
becu  asked  to  »l  down  in  the  private  office. 
"  I  biive  been  very  luuch  attracted,  Mr. 
Walton,  to  your  handwriting,  and  I  am  frank 
to  pay  that  if  had  not  been  for  that  bringing 
you  to  my  notice,  I  should  have  forgotten  a 
promise  made  to  loy  nephew  that  I  would 
advance  you  as  fast  as  I  could.  What  have 
you  been  doing  in  flie  way  of  study  f  How- 
lett  says  he  has  given  ynu  the  use  of  the  law 
library,  and  that  you  are  a  ravenous  reader. 
Do  you  look  forward  to  the  law  as  a  pro- 

"  It  has  been  my  ambition  since  I  first 
entered  the  office." 

"Well,  Mr.  Walton,  from  this  hour  you 
will  find,  by  inquiring  of  Howlett,  that  your 
3  largely  increased,  and  hereafter  you 
a  my  private  office  and 


rill  bo  ' 
"  How 


be  grateful  enough, 


Judge  Clayton  f  " 

"  By  doing  just  as  you  have  done— im- 
proving every  hour.  But  you  have  never 
visited  me  in  my  house.  We  have  a  small 
dinner-party  to-day,  at  six  o'clock, 
be  pleased  to  see  you." 

Judge  Clayton  did  nothing  by  halves,  and 
that  Dotliing  might  be  unpleasant  for  him 
as  he  introduced  him  to  his  daughter  that 
night,  he  said:  "  My  dear  Nina,  this  is  a 
young  friend  uliom  I  hope  we  will  see  often 
in  our  house  and  at  our  table." 

Walton  thought  as  he  looked  into  the 
lovely  eyes  of  the  young  girl,  "  This  is  the 
greatest  gift  you  have  yet  given  me,  judge; 
and  I  shall  certainly  take  advantage  of  it." 

Tluiddeus  Walton  had  been  four  years 
with  Judge  Clayton ;  had  studied  hard,  and 
advanced  with  rapid  strides.  Only  a  short 
time  before  this  date  he  had  been  taken  in 
as  a  iuui(»r  partuer.  rriendship  had  ripened 
iuto  love  between  Nina  Clayton  and  young 
Wahon,  and,  with  the  judge's  blessing,  they 
woitJd  bo  married  in  the  spring-.  One  morn- 
ing he  was  sitting  in  the  private  office,  talk- 
ing with  Judge  Clayton  over  some  of  the 
changes  the  marriage  would  make,  when  the 
judge  said  :  "  By  the  way,  I  did  not  tell  you 
that  Morris  Norton  had  returned  from  his 
extended  travels.  I  asked  him  to  take  charge 
of  a  young  ward  of  mine  and  bring  her  to 

1* ■     They  will  be  here   to-night,  and 

come  directly  to  my  house.  Here  are  some 
of  the  papers  belonging  to  the  estate ;  and 
this  will  I  had  sent  to  me  that  I  might  look 
("ver  it.     I  wish  you  would  do  it  while  I  am 

Judge  Clayton  turned,  and  was  about  to 
pass  out  of  the  door,  when  a  low  cry  escaped 
Thaddens  Walton,  and  when  thejudge  came 
back  into  the  room,  he  lay  pale  in  his  chair, 
just  able  to  gasp  out,  "  I  have  found  her  at 
last — my  sister,  my  sister." 

as  the  will  that  Aunt  Tabitha  made 
vrite.  It  was  a  happy  reunion  between 


Alice 


brother  and  s 

Morris  Norton's  hand  he  exclaimed         

were  always  a  giver  of  good  gifts  to  me: 
you  brought  the  greatest  to-night." 

Before  the  spring  came  there  were  grow- 
ing signs  of  a  double  wedding,  instead  of 
one,  and  as  Thaddeus  laid  his  sister's  hand 
in  Norton's  the  older  man  said:  "You 
have  amply  repaid  me,  Thaddeus." 


•  Lesson  III, 

Box  and  Package  Marking. 

By  D.  T.Ames. 

Before   proceeding  with  our  lesson,   we 

i-ill  dispose  of  a   few  infjuiries   and  sug- 


ived  I 


One  correspondent  wishes  to  know  which 
slope  of  lettering  is  most  generally  used,  and 
is  the  best  adapted  to  good  and  rapid  brush- 
lettering  f  So  far  as  our  observation  goes, 
the  back -slope  is  very  much  the  most  fre- 
quently used,  and  properiy  so,  as  that  slant 
enables  a  more  free  and  graceful  use  of  the 
brtuh. 


Another  desire-s  to  know  what  ink  is  best 
adapted  for  marking  f  Most  ink-manufac- 
turers prepare  an  ink  especially  for  marking 
purposes,  which  is  called  ■'  Marking-Ink." 
This  may  be  procured  of,  or  through,  any 


Several  communications  commeudiog  the 
plan  of  giving  marking- lessons  in  th'  Jour- 
nal have  been  received.  T.  Moroney,  at 
the  head  of  the  New  Orleans  house  of  Ivi- 
SOD,  Blakeman,  Taylor  &  Co.,  says:  "I 
express  myself  greatly  pleased  with  your 
method  of  presenting  the  eubject,  and  call- 
ing forth  different  styles  of  leltering.  I  have 
shown  the  paper  to  several  parties  in  this 
city,  and  the  prevailing  opinion  seems  to  be 
that  your  Roman  Alphaliet,  direct  slant,  is 
too  dillicult,  and  is,  therefore,  not  as  practi- 
cal as  the  left  oblique  slant,  similar  to  that 
given  in  the  previous  issue  of  the  Journal." 

Such  questions  and  suggestions  as  the 
foregoing  are  very  welcome  to  the  columns 
of  the  Journal.  We  hope  that  readers 
who  want  special  information,  and  others 
who  have  had  observation  or  possess  valua- 
ble information  upon  tliis  subject,  and  are 

will   avail   themselves    of  the  opportunity 
here  offered. 


between  the  thin  and  broad  lines.  Heavy 
mauilla  paper  is  a  gucd  material  upon  which 
to  practice. 

The  accompanying  exercises  may  be  prac- 
ticed in  connection  with  making  tbe  Roman 
style  of  lettering.  Any  who  prefer  the  up- 
right or  right  slant  can  practice  the  exercises 
in  that  mauuer. 


Natural  Penmen. 
By  C.  H.  Peirce,  Keokuk,  Iowa. 

Webster,  in  his  whole  range  of  defini- 
tions of  the  words  "natural"  and  "pen- 
men," d  'cs  in  no  way  countenance  their  use 
as  applied  in  the  heading  of  this  article. 

As  used,  generally,  it  is  intended  to  coa- 
vey  the  idea  that  one  is  endowed  with  su- 
perior power,  assisted,  perhaps,  by  the 
merest  effort;  and  tliU  the  mass  of  man- 
kind can  never  hope  to  attain  like  lesuUs. 

The  accepted  meaning  rests  with  theorists, 
only,  because  I  have  the  first  professional 
to  see  who  is  willing  to  make  the  bold 
statement  that  will  conform  to  the  benedic- 
tions of  foolish  pe'iple,  who,  in  an  idle  mo- 
ment, dare  repeat,  "He  is  a  natural  pen- 


ural  heat  of  the  body;  natural  color;  nat- 
ural sense,  etc.,  etc.,  are  all  proper. 

We  also  have   natural   nppearance.    la 
this  desirable  t    Natural    In-auty.     Is  this 


vos 

Skillful  marking,  like  good  writing,  can 
only  be  acquired  by  study  and  practice ; 
study  is  necessary  to  acquire  the  correfl 
styles  of  letters  to  be  used;  practice  is  neces- 
sary to  accustom  the  hand  to  the  flexibility 
of  the  brush,  and  to  so  manipulate  it  as  to 
secure  good  forms,  with  the  proper  variation 


How  consoling  it  must  be  to  the  ambi- 

tious and  succes 

sful,  after  years  of  earnest. 

honest  toil,  that  have  brought  wealth,  posi- 

tion and    powe 

,  to  be   met  with  tbe  oft- 

repeated  saying 

He  is  a 

natural  mechanic. 

"      " 

"        merchant. 

"        farmer. 

"      " 

"        lawyer. 

"      " 

"        doctor. 

"        preaclier. 

"      " 

"        talker. 

!  "      "         "         dancer. 

"      "         "        writer. 

j  And  so  on  to  the  end  of  tbe  chapter. 

"Natural"  means,  fixed  on,  or  deter- 
mined by,  nature;  according  to  nature.  We 
have  the  natural  growth  of  animals  and 
plants.  The  natural  motion  of  a  gravitat- 
ing body.  We  also  see,  lo  our  amusement, 
the  natural  motion  of  some  awkward  body. 
Natural  strength  or  disposition;   the  nat- 


^^^i    \<\,: 


We  have  natural  conseq-iences  ot  crime; 
natural  death ;  natural  conclusions,  etc., 
etc.  But  the  word  loses  its  moaning  when 
used  so  promiscuously,  and  I  enter  a  protest 
against  its  use  in  connection  with  our 
honored  profession. 

The  fact  that  churches  and  schools  are 
established  all  over  the  civilized  world  ia 
proof  that  the  natural  condition  ia  not 
desirable. 

It  is  natural  to  do  the  wrong  before  gain- 
ing the  riffht.  It  is  natural  to  wish  for 
every  luxury  and  to  envy  those  who  have 
risen  above  us.  It  is  natural  to  lie  and 
steal.  It  is  natural  to  be  dissatisfied  with 
our  condition,  and  build  castles  in  the  air. 
But  because  these  things  are  natural,  are 
they  to  be  admired  and  courted  f  Is  natur- 
alness desirable!  If  so,  why  improve  our 
natural  condition! 

I  once  read  a  barber's  sign — "Nature 
Improved  by  Art."  It  is  natural  for  the 
beard  to  grow  upon  the  face,  but  it  is 
deemed  best  by  the  majority  to  remove  it  by 
artificial  means. 

So,  also,  does  Art,  in  a  thousand  waySj 
take  rapid  strides,  leaving  the  natural  con- 
dition to  barbaric  times. 

Webster  says  that  "a  penman  is  one 
skilled  in  the  use  of  the  pen."  If  this  be 
true,  how  is  it  possible  to  become  skillful 
without  honest,  earnest  toil,  coupled  with 
the  assistance  of  instruction  of  some  kind? 

"No  excellence  without  great  labor  "is 
only  too  true.  The  statement,  "  Natural 
Penman,"  is  thus  reduced  to  a  flat  contra- 
diction, and  should  be  considered  merely  as 
an  ignorant  expression,  to  be  used  only  by 
cranks ! 

'  'Any  letter  for  me  ?  "  asked  a  young  lady, 
as  she  poked  her  head  into  the  general  de- 
livery window  at  the  village  Post-office. 
"No,"  was  the  reply.  "  Strange,"  said  the 
young  lady  aloud  as  she  turned  to  go  away. 
"  Nothing  strange  about  it,"  cried  tbe  clerk ; 
"  you  aint  ans'ered  the  last  letter  he  rit  ye  I  'f 


V.B.T.aC-O.  'I 


.O^ 


<&N\% 


Specimen  of  the  ntost  rapid  box-marking  with  a  brush,  by   Mr.  Hcnrj/  J.  Jcrdan,  of  Nrw  York. 
In  prfsentiug  the  above   pholo-engraving  from   brush-marking,  1  quisites  for  handling  tbe  brush  in  the  shipping  department  of  a  large 


rapid,  current  work  is  exhibited  faithfully. 

Mr.  Jordan  has  charge  of  tbe  flipping  deparlmi 
liahing-liouBe  of  Ivison,  Blakeman,  Taylor  &  Co.,  where  he  baa  bi 
employed  for  the  past  thirteen  years,  and  is  respo^isible,  wilb  his  aa- 
sifllania,  for  the  proper  marking  and  ebipment  of  over  16,000  boxes 
and  packages  annually. 

Plainness  and  correctness  in  tbe  address,  and  speed,  are  the  re- 


n  the  mailing  department  of  a  heavy  publishing  bui 
the  pub-  pen  is  used  entirely  for  marking,  and  of^en  does  duty  on  more  pack- 
ages in  a  mouth  than  is  required  of  the  brueh  in  a  whole  year, 
Great  skill  may  be  attained  in  marking  with  the  pen.  The  coarse- 
ness of  the  materials  used  must  ever  keep  brush -marking  far 
below  the  standard  of  lettering  in  the  addressing  of  packages  with 
the  pen. 


Ki   Joi  Kv.vr, 


An  Autograph. 


^Vboae  hand  Ilic  mcuuge 
Whyshould  Ihe-crowner 


He  loved  Jit»  feUow-oreolurw, 
"If,  of  the  Law's  atone  tnble. 
To  bold  he  toaive  wat  able 

"Tkrougb  inortul  lapae  and  do 

If  still  our  weakneM  can 
Love  him  in  loying  maul 
"Age  broiiglit  him  no  despairic 
Of  the  TCorld'a  ftilure  Taring  -, 

He  found  mora  good  than  ill. 
"  To  oil  who  dumbly  luffercd, 


no  wrong  to  any, 

rgive  himwhoUyl" 

JOHN  O.  WHITTIER. 


Educational  Notes. 

miiiiicRtiuns   for  thie  DepiirtiDent  may 

)  IJ.  F.  Kelley,205  Broadway, 

9  solicited.] 

Sixty-two  per  cent,  of  Harvard's  gradu- 
atps,  last  year,  are  studying  law. 

The  school  expenditures  for  next  year  in 
SaQ  FrauciBco  are  estimated  at  $840,4GO. 

There  are  now  employed  in  the  public 
schools  of  Massachusetta,  8,801  teachers,  of 
whom  7,727  are  women. 

It  requires  $a65,(M)0  a  year  to  maintain 
Girard  College.  The  number  ol  pupils  in 
attendance  is  about  1,100. 

New  York  city  paid,  last  year,  $4,000,000 
for  its  school  bill,  §7,000,000  for  its  amuse- 
ment bill,  and  $00,000,000  for  its  drink  bill. 

The  Northern  Indiana  Normal  School  at 
Valparaiso  furnishes  more  teachers  to  our 
public  schools  than  any  other  in  the  United 
States. 

Theschool-directorsofMouongahelaCity, 
Pa.,  require  every  ladj  teacher  employed  to 
sign  a  contract  not  to  marry  during  the 
Bcliool  year. 

Senator  Brown,  of  Georgia,  has  given  to 
the  State  University,  at  Athens,  Ga.,  an  en- 
dowment of  $50,000  for  the  education  of 
poor  young  men. 

Mr.  Henry  G.  Vennor,  the  Canadian 
weather-pruphet,  is  forty-one  yeare  of  age. 
He  is  a  profi-ssor  in  the  University  of  Mon- 
treal and  ihe  antbor  of  a  book  entitled 
"  Our  Birds  of  Prey." 


The  largest  university  is  Oxford,  io  Ox- 
ford, England.  It  consists  of  tffeuty-6ve 
colleges  and  five  halls.  Oxford  was  the  seat 
of  learning  in  the  time  of  Edward  the  Con- 
fessor.    It  was  founded  by  Alfred. 

The  average  enrollment  of  the  Northern 
Indiana  Normal  School  is  about  J, 200. 
Within  the  past  two  yeare  we  have  received 
1,250  subscri])tion8  to  the  Penman's  Art 
Journal  from  this  institution,  alone. 

The  London  school-board  in  its  discussion 
of  the  question  of  offering  gratuitous  educa- 
tion has  reached  the  point  of  specifying  sev- 
eral schools  io  which  the  experiment  might 
usefully  bo  tried. —  Western  Educational 
Journal. 

Of  the  941  graduates  from  the  academic 
department  of  the  University  ot  Vermont, 
during  the  eigthy-oue  years  of  its  existence, 
sixty -four  have  become  physicians,  198 
clergymen,  and  359  lawyers. —  Western  Ed- 
ucational Journal. 

The  attendance  in  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  of  the  University  of  Minuesota 
during  the  past  twelve  years  has  not  ex- 
ceeded one  student  annually,  although  a 
majority  of  those  pursuing  other  courses  in 
the  institution  are  sons  and  daughters  of 
farmers. 

Mrs.  Shaw,  of  Boston,  supports  thirty- 
three  kindergartens  in  that  city  and  vicinity, 
at  an  annual  expense  of  $25,000.  These 
schools  are  for  the  benefit  of  those  who 
would  otherwise  be  without  all  such  privi- 
leges. Mrs.  Shaw  is  the  daughter  of  the 
late  Prof.  Agassiz. — School  Journal. 

The  Catholics  make  a  good  showing  of 
educational  facilities  in  the  Archdiocese  of 
Baltimore.  There  are  seven  colleges  and 
twenty-two  academies,  seminaries  and  insti- 
tutes, besides  numerous  male  and  female 
schools.  The  total  of  pupils  is  19,141, 
requiring  480  teacliers. — TJie  Independent. 

The  Princeton  College  Library  contains 
55,000  volumes  and  12,000  pamphlets.  The 
Hall  libraries  number  upward  of  10,000  vol- 
umes, making  a  total  of  83,000.  The  arrival 
of  the  new  telescope  at  Princeton  College  is 
looked  forward  to  about  May  Ist.  The  gas 
engine  to  supply  motive  power  to  the  dome 
and  the  electric  lights  has  arrived,  and  will 
be  put  in  the  east  room  of  Halsted  Observa- 
tory. 

The  Willimantic  (Conn.)  Linen  Company 
has  posted  the  following  notice  in  its  mills ; 
"No  person  now  in  the  employ  of  the 
Willimantic  Linen  Company  will  be  con- 
tinued in  their  service  after  July  4th,  1883, 
unless  they  can  both  read  and  write.  And 
on  and  after  this  no  person  will  bo  hired  by 
the  company  who  cannot  read  and  write." 
Such  straws  as  this  show  whither  wo  are 
tending.— TcacAcr's  Guide. 

Educational  Statistics. 

PupiU 
Oountrie4.  Population,     tnrolkd.    Ttaditrt. 

United  Statu 50,165.763..  9,r.K>.189  ..  2-0,812 

Au*'"" 21,752,000  ..a,lW,lJ83.-    ^1,106 

England  and  WalM. . .  25,968,866  . .  3,895,831  . .    73.807 

l-"n«"!8 36.905,788  -.4,949,5111  ..  m»lQ 

Oennttny 45.H9.173  ..  7,300.000  ..  aoO.OOO 

Pnuaia 37,251,067  ..  4.813,974  ..    61.134 

llongary    15,666,000  ..  1.559,636  ..    30.717 

"aly 28,209,620  ...2,057.977  ..    48,530 

KhmUi. 78.500.000  ..  1,913,335  .. 

Spain 16.807,000  ..  1,410,476..    29,0lS 

linmll 12,000,000  ..     187  915  .. 

J"l''"> 38.794,897-.  a,102,0S2..      6.982 

An  ingenious  method  of  arriving  at  an 
estimate  of  the  number  of  children  who  suc- 
ceed in  evading  the  compulsory  by-kwa  of 
the  School  Board,  has  been  adopted  by  the 
Ragged  School  Union  of  Liverpool.  A  band 
of  music  was  hired  to  play  for  two  hours  a 
day  during  school  hours,  in  different  parts  of 
the  city,  and  a  record  kept  of  all  the  juven- 
iles who  were  attracted  by  the  music.  In 
four  days  they  counted  no  fewer  than  3,020 
children  of  school  age,  for  the  most  part 
squalid  and  ill-fed,  standing  round  the  band 
at  a  time  when  they  ought  to  have  been 
at  school.  . 

Educational  Fancies. 

Experience  is  a  school,  where  a  man 
learns  what  a  big  fool  he  has  been.— 5cftooI 
Jourr\al. 


An  ungrammatical  judge  is  apt  to  pass  an 
incorrect  sentence. 

Smiles  is  the  longest  word  in  the  language. 
Between  the  beginning  and  ending  of  them 
is  just  a  mile. 

When  a  girl  has  been  at  school  seven 
years  and  spells  vaccinate  '*  vaxinate,"  is  it 
the  fault  of  the  school  system,  or  the  girl's 


Teacher  (to  pupil) :  "  How  old  are  yout" 
Pupil:  "  Six  years."  Teaclier:  "  When 
were  you  six  years  old  t "  Pupil :  "  On  my 
birthday." 

In  "the  poetry  of  motion  "  should  not  the 
action  of  a  man,  in  getting  up  from  a  chair 
in  which  a  demure  carpet -tack  has  been 
enjoying  a  noonday  siesta,  be  classed  as  a 
spring  poem? 

'"What  building  is  thatf  "  asked  a  stranger 
of  a  hoy,  pointing  to  a  schoolhouee. 
"  That  ?  "  said  the  boy,  "  why  that's  a  tan- 
nery !  "  And  he  feelingly  rubbed  his  back 
as  he  passed  on. 

"What  is  the  meaning  of  the  word  '  tan- 
talizing" f  asked  a  teacher.  "  Please,  marm," 
spoke  up  Johny  Holcomb,  "  it  means  a  cir- 
cus procession  passing  the  schoolhouse,  and 
the  scholars  not  allowed  to  look  out." 

Julia  has  Sve  beaux  and  Emily  has  three, 
while  the  old  maid  next  door  has  none. 
Uow  many  beaux  in  all,  and  how  many 
would  b'j  left  if  they  should  give  the  old 
maid  half  the  crowd  f — Detroit  Free  Press. 

A  Sunday-school  teacher  read  to  his  class 
that  the  Ethiopian  euuuch  went  on  his  way 
rejoicing  after  Philip  had  talked  with  him, 
and  then  asked,  "  Why  did  he  rejoice?"  A 
hoy  answered,  "Because  Philip  was  done 
a-teachin'  him." 

A  Boston  lecturer  astonished  his  audience 
by  bringing  down  his  fist  on  the  table  and 
shouting,  "Where  is  the  religiosity  of  the 
anthropoid  quadrumana  ?  "  If  he  i  hinks  we 
have  got  it  he  e^n  search  us.  We  never 
saw  it  in  the  world. — Peck^s  Sun. 

One  of  the  regular  exercises  at  a  Boston 
Normal  School  is  writing  words  from  dicta- 
tion, and  giving  their  meaning.  One  of  the 
words  given  out  lately  was  "hazardous," 
which  a  young  lady  pupil  spelled  "  hazard- 
ess,"  and  defined  as  "  a  female  hazard." — 
2^orth- Western  Trade  Bulletin. 

As  a  clergyman  was  wending  his  way  to 
the  sanctuary  he  saw  a  boy,  with  a  fishing- 
pole  on  his  shoulder,  going  in  the  opposite 
direction.  "  Don't  you  know  you  are  a  bad 
boy?"  "Yes,  sir."  "Don't  your  father 
ever  punish  you?"  "Yes,  sir;  last  sum- 
mer he  made  me  go  to  Sunday-school  twice." 

A  grocer  takes  twenty-eight  pounds  of 
butter  worth  thirty-two  cents  per  pound, 
and  mixes  it  with  fifty-six  pounds  of  butter 
worth  fourteen  cents  per  pound.  He  then 
hangs  out  a  sign  of  "gilt-edged  butter," 
and  sella  the  whole  for  twenty-nine  cents 
per  pound.  How  much  does  he  make  ?— 
Free  Press. 

The  scholars  in  a  certain  country  school 
set  out  to  "  lick"  the  teacher.  The  number 
of  girls  who,  of  course,  don't  take  a  hand 
in  it  is  thirteen,  aud  this  is  four-sixths  of  the 
number  of  the  boys,  who  got  the  worst 
shaking  up  they  ever  heard  tell  of.  What 
was  the  exact  number,  coming  as  near  as 
you  can  without  halving  up  anybody? — 
Detroit  Free  Press. 

An  Austin  teacher  was  instructing  his 
class  in  natural  history.  "  To  what  class 
of  birds  does  the  hawk  belong?  "  he  asked. 
"To  the  birds  of  prey,"  was  the  reply. 
"  And  to  what  class  does  the  quail  belong  ?" 
There  was  a  pause.  The  teacher  repealed 
the  question.  "  Where  does  the  quail  be- 
long f  "  "  On  toast,"  yelled  the  hungry  boy 
at  the  foot  of  the  class. — Texas  Si/lings. 

Orthographyandpug  dogs. — The  fashion- 
able young  ladies  at  a  watering-place  hotel, 
a  few  nights  ago,  organized  a  spelling  bee. 
The  belle  that  wore  the  most  expensive 
jewelry  was  the  worst  speller,  and  twelve 
out  of  the  fourteen  went  down  on  the  word 
"separate";  "phthisis"  floored  them  all, 


and  one  of  the  cooks  was  called  in  to  spell 
the  word  for  them.  A  young  lady  who 
fcmdled  a  pug  dog  and  diamond  earrings, 
maintained  that  d-r»-w-t  was  the  way 
"  doubt "  was  spelled  when  she  went  to 
school. 

"  No,  gentlemen,"  exclaimed  a  middle- 
aged  man,  who  was  talking  to  a  crowd  on 
Austin  Avenue,  "  nothing  in  the  world  could 
induce  me  to  allow  my  children  to  enter  a 
school-door,  for  the  reason  that — "  "  You 
hire  a  teacher  to  come  to  your  house,"  inter- 
rupted one  of  the  crowd.  "  No,  it's  not 
that.  It's  because — "  "  They  are  too  sickly 
to  go  to  school,"  exclaimed  another  excitedly. 
"  No,  that's  not  the  reason  either.  No  child 
of  miue  will  ever  attend  school,  because — " 
"  Because  you  don't  want  them  to  be  smarter 
than  their  daddy."'  "No,  gentlemen;  the 
reason  is  becaose  I've  not  got  any  children." 
Texas  Siftings. 

Questions  for  the  Readers  of  the 

"Journal." 

By  C.  H.  Peirce. 

1.  Why  do  so  many  of  our  professional 
penmen  lift  the  pen  from  the  paper  from  two 
to  five  times  in  writing  single  words? 

2.  Is  the  position  the  same  in  executing 
all  kinds  of  blackboard  work? 

3.  What  is  the  base  of  all  good  writing? 

4.  Can  the  standard  capitals  as  used  in 
copy-books  of  our  leading  systems  he  exe- 
cuted well,  with  a  purely  forearm  move- 
ment? 

5.  Is  the  "Philosophy  of  Motion"  the 
same  in  all  letters? 

6.  What  are  the  objects  gained  in  writing 
forearm  ? 

7.  Our  best  penmen  take  off  the  hand 
after  making  the  introductory  line  to  a,  d, 
g  and  q.  Why  do  the  leading  systeme 
teach  differently  ? 

8.  What  is  the  earliest  age  of  develop- 
ment of  the/orcarjn  vmvementf 

9.  Why  is  the  o  part  of  a,  d,  g  and  j  on 
a  grejtter  slant  than  the  o  proper  ? 

10.  For  beginners,  is  wholearm  easier 
than  forearm  ? 

11.  What  should  be  the  direction  of  the 
finishing  point  or  dot  of  6,  s,  v,  w,  and  by 
what  is  it  determined? 

12.  Should  punctuation  marks,  as  a  rule, 
be  made  the  same  in  script  as  in  ptint? 

13.  How  is  punctuation  generally  prac- 
ticed by  business-men  ? 

14.  What  usually  represents  the  greater 
number  of  punctuation  marks? 

15.  When  (  pveiedes  ft,  what  objection  is 
there  to  crossing  the  t  f 

16.  Should  the  /,  o  and  one  style  of  g 
finish  \vith  dot  or  loop  or  merely  by  joining 
in  the  simplest  possible  manner? 

17.  Why  are  so  many  of  our  leading  pen- 
men not  willing  to  say  a  soy  through  the 
columns  of  the  Journal? 

Dogmatism  in  Belgium.— It  requires  an 
effort  for  men  accustomed  to  English  freedom 
of  discussion  to  credit  the  dogmatism  and  in- 
tolerance of  the  Catholic  party  on  the  educa- 
tion question.  Its  fundamental  principles 
are  thus  clearly  laid  down  in  a  pamphlet 
which  bears  the  imprimatur  of  the  Belgian 
Primate,  the  Cardinal  Arclibishop  of  Ma- 
lines:  "1,  The  Church  alone  has  tiie  right 
to  teach  religion.  2.  The  Church  has  the 
right  to  control  all  branches  of  instruction 
which  are  combined  with  instruction  in  re- 
ligion. 3.  Any  Government  concerning  it- 
self with  education  is  boned  *to  recognize 
these  rights  of  the  Church.  4.  In  regard  to 
education,  religious  or  scientific,  all  Catholics 
are  subject  to  the  Church,  and  bound  toaccept 
its  decisions."  The  theory  is  crisp  and  definite. 
Its  practical  application  has  been  stern  and 
logical.  Minute  episcopal  instructiona  were 
issued  for  the  guidance  of  confessors  and 
their  flocks.  The  following  decision  of  the 
Congregation  of  the  holy  olfice  was  promul- 
gated and  adopted:  "1.  That  the  oiEoial 
schools  could  not  be  frequented  with  a  safe 
conscience.  2.  That  so  great  u  danger  should 
be  avoided  at  any  risk  of  worldly  interests, 
or  even  of  life  itaelf. — Macmillan's  Magazine 


^'FS**- 


The  Pen  and  the  Press. 
Uv  PallPastsor. 

It  is  said  that  ttie  Press  rules  the  world; 
that  it  molds  public  scDtiment,  that  it  con- 
trols society,  and  rarrics  on  the  great  move- 
iDenls  of  political  and  social  and  rcligioug 
progress.  It  is  indeed  a  mighty  power. 
The  clash  of  the  printing-prefs  is  a  more 
potent  sound  than  the  tread  of  a  mighty 
anny;  thfl  click  of  the  type  in  the  coinpos- 
ing-''tick  is  inoro  to  be  feared  by  vice  and 
treachery  and  ignorance  than  volleys  of 
musketry  ;  the  sheet  wet  from  the  press  has 
been  called  "  a  daily  miracle,"  like  the  ris- 
ing of  the  8UD  in  the  east.  But  upon  what 
does  the  greatness  of  the  Press  depend  T  Do 
tihe  newspapers  of  the  world  make  them- 
selves— or  are  they  mechanically  formed, 
day  by  day,  in  all  their  departments,  like  the 
parts  of  an  engine,  and  put  together  by  the 
tlying  of  seustde^s  whcvls,  and  the  contact 
uf  steel  and  iron  and  6re?  No;  the  Press 
is  the  product  of  thought.  Behind  the 
printed  sheet  stand  a  multitude  of  thinkers 
and  workers,  whose  utmost  energiea  have 
been  tasked,  and  whose  vitality  has  been 
given  to  the  making  of  that  daily  miracle 
which  a  man  cau  crumple  into  his  coat- 
pocket,  and  utilize  to  wrap  up  a  bunch  of 
onions  for  his  dinner.  It  is  Thought  that 
rules  the  world,  not  type  and  ink  nud  paper. 
And  is  the  Press  even  the  most  intimate 
medium  ol  thought?  Noj  the  Pen  stands 
before  it.  The  printed  page  is  merely  a 
more  U'gil>le  and  mullifonn  reproduutiun  of 
what  the  Pen  transcribes,  warm  and  fresh 
from  the  bi'aiu.  If  any  jusirumeut  is 
worthy  the  ascription  of  that  dignity 
which  belongs  to  mind  and  mind  aloue, 
it  is  the  Pen  j  for  that  takes  directly  from 
nerve  and  muscle  the  mystic  impulse  "by 
n-hich  the  brain  forms  and  actuali/es  its 
invisible  creations.  It  is  the  Peu,  and 
not  the  Press,  which  rules  the  worhl. 

Yet  the  rclHtiun  between  the  Pen  and 
the  Press  is  so  intimate,  that  we  scHrcely 
need  to  distinguish  them  in  thoui;ht. 
They  arc  co-operative  instnnneuts  of  the 
Consecutive  acts  of  the  mind  Hi-tiiHlizing  its 
creations.  The  Peu  catches  the  first  im- 
press of  thought,  and  pass'S  it  on  ti>  the 
Press  for  reproduction  and  perpeuation. 
The  written  sheet  is  like  the  negative  of 
tlie  photographer ;  the  printed  page  is 
like  the  photographs  which  arc  produced 
from  it.  The  excellence  of  the  one  de- 
termines tho  excellence  of  the  other.  If 
the  iiispiratiou  caught  from  the  soul  of 
the  writer  by  the  Pen  he  geuuine,  it  will 
result  in  a  work  of  genius  when  issued 
from  the  Press.  Then,  too,  to  continue  the 
figure,  it  is  not  only  necessary  that  the  gen- 
eral outline  and  resemblance  of  the  photo- 
grapher's negative  should  be  true  to  life  in 
order  that  the  picture  may  be  an  excellent 
one,  but  it  is  also  necessary  that  every  line 
and  shade  and  harmony  of  feature  should  be 
secured  in  the  negative;  there  must  be  no 
blur,  no  indtcisiou,  no  technical  fault.  So 
in  the  work  of  the  Pen.  There  is  a  me- 
chanical and  formal  perfection  which  must 
be  attained  by  the  writer  before  his  work 
can  be  assured  of  literary  excellence.  How 
many  noble  and  suggestive  thoughts  have 
been  rendered  ridiculous  or  ineffective,  when 
printed,  by  the  blindness  or  carelessness  of 
the  writer's  handwriting  !  The  Pen  cannot 
perfectly  serve  the  Press,  nor  the  Press  the 
Pen,  until  the  latter  shall  attain  to  excellence 
in  all  the  details  of  technique.  The  photo- 
grapher will  not  accept  a  blurred  or  imper- 
fect negative.  He  scrutinizes  it  closely  in 
every  part,  and  if  there  is  the  slightest  im- 
perfection or  indistinctness,  he  rejects  it,  and 
makes  another.  If  the  writer  should  exer- 
cise the  same  critical  care  in  the  preparation 
<'f  his  manuscript,  there  would  be  fewer 
■  ('inplaints  from  authors  whom  the  printers 
lj;ivf  "  misinterpreted." 

A  good  penman,  if  he  possess  any  of  the 
'lii:iUiies  requisite  in  a  writer,  is  likely  to  be 
:i  '^i-'od  journalist.  There  is  a  method  and 
tiiiK^rliness,  a  grace  and  facility  in  all  his 
workmaujihip  corresponding  with  the  regu- 
larity and  beauty  ot  his  penmanship.  He 
8  apt  to  think  well  into  a  sentence  before 


rrite  it,  in  order  that  there 
may  he  no  hindrance  or  hesitation  in  the 
Sowing  lines  of  his  copy.  He  learns  thus 
to  make  sentences  and  not  clauses  his  stop- 
ping places,  and  by  thinking,  as  it  were,  by 
long  strides,  he  gets  rapidly  over  the  same 
ground  nrhicb  a  slovenly  penman  would 
traverse  by  disconnected  fits  and  starts.  He 
learns  to  think  rapidly  and  consecutively, 
which  are  the  two  chief  requisites  of  a  writer 
for  the  Press.  Let,  then,  every  young  man 
who  thinks  of  taking  up  journalism,  as  a 
profession,  be  'areful  to  cultivate  a  good 
handwriting.  It  will  be  an  encouragement 
and  a  stimulus  to  him  in  his  work.  There 
must  be  a  sort  of  artistic  pride  and  pleasure 
in  being  able  to  pour  out  oue's  thoughts  in 
graceful  and  flowing  characters,  just  as  there 
is  in  the  melody  of  a  rich  voice.  The  Press  is 
largely  indebted  to  penmanship  for  the  per- 
fection which  it  displays  to-day.  Good  writ- 
ing is  the  evidence  of  good  thinking,  and  it 
is  good  thinking  that  moves  the  world. 


Programme  "C." 
Philosophy  of  Motion. — Art.  VIII. 

By  C.  H.  Peirce. 
In  the  December  number  of  the  Jour- 
nal, iSSljthe  four  principles  of  the  Phil- 
osophy of  Motion  are  fully  explained  and 
illustrated.  In  the  August  number  of  1882 
proof  of  the  same,  with  definition,  is  given, 
sn  that  the  most  skeptical  must  accept  the 


ment  of  work  and  not  find  a  remedy  pro- 
vided for  it  in  the  instruction  given  directly 
or  indir.  ctly  in  former  articles,  the  sub- 
stance of  which  is  embodied  in  the  "four 
leading  principles"  under  Philosophy  of 
Motion. 

First,  suppose  the  result  of  practice  in  the 
capital  lr)op  is  too  wide  at  base,  which 
would  make  the  turn  at  top  too  short,  the 
cause  is  a  lack  of  circnlar  motion  otf  the 
paper,  contrary  to  No.  1 ;  or,  after  getting 
the  motion,  changing  the  speed  to  slower, 
contrary  to  No.  3,  and  producing  similar 
result  to  No.  1. 

Again :  suppose  the  second  part  of  loop 
crosses  first,  tho  cause  is  the  opposite  of 
No.  2;  i.e.,  making  the  motion  smaller 
than  result. 

Suppose  the  result  is  rough  :  either  there 
is  no  motion  preceding  execution,  or,  after 
getting  it — which  is  determined  by  time — 
changed  to  slower,  which  is  the  opposite  of 
No.  3. 

Suppose  the  work  be  smooth  and  the 
form  varying  in  size  and  shape — the  canse 
is,  the  general  execution  at  different  rates  of 
speed,  contrary  to  No.  3. 

Fourth  and  last  point  is  more  difficult  to 
manage  than  all  the  rest  combined.  The 
error  committed  by  all  beginners  and  many 
others,  in  forming  the  capital  loop  ( and 
with  the  execution  of  capitals  generally)  is : 
striking  the  paper  too  Boon.  The  cause  is 
attributed  to  the  philosophy  of  motion  be- 
circle,or  wabhlinsinvari..ii 


«  fac-siinilf  sptrimn.   of  IU<trk-h,mr,l  \\Y,tin<,.  txtm 
liuiineta-VoUfge,  (Utveland,  O. 
r  kindly  toaneii  hy  the  proprUtora  of  that  Inatilntion  /<»• 


situation,  or  come  forth  and  prove  my  theory 
false.  Satisfied,  however,  that  I  am  cor- 
rect, I  will  continue  this  article  and  await 
developments. 

In  order  to  have  tlie  readers  of  the  Jour- 
nal fully  understand  its  application  it  will 
be  well  to  remember  that  Programme  "  C" 
is  the  same  as  "  B  "  in  principle,  and  that 
upon  tho  theory  that  Wholearm,  or  Pro- 
gramme "B,"  is  easier  for  beginners  than 
Forearm,  or  Programme  "  C,"  the  work  of 
Programme  "B"  should  precede  that  of 
"  C." 

As  fast  as  confidence  is  gained  and  a  fair 
degree  of  execution  secured  in  Programme 
"  B,"  I  would  earnestly  urge  its  application 
in  Programme  "  C." 

Presuming,  now,  that  you  can  execute 
eight  or  ten  easy  Extended  Movement  ex- 
ercises gracefully,  and  with  some  degree  of 
satisfaction  Wholearm,  I  ask  you,  accord- 
ing to  the  principles  laid  down,  to  practice 
the  Philosophy  of  Motion  —  Wholearm. 
1st.  Take  single  capital  loop,  pointed  at  the 
base,  counting,  1—2,  and  with  third  count 

produce  the  result,  thus;    1,2 3;  1,2 

3 ;  equal  to  one,  two,  th— ree,  lifting 

the  pen  quickly  at  finish. 

After  following  the  explanation  in  a  gen- 
eral way,  and  giving  a  fair  trial,  with  the 
assistance  of  the  teacher  seek  to  discover 
the  cause  of  incorrect  results  and  resume 

I  do  assert  most  positively  that  it  is  im- 
possible to  commit  an  error  in  tliis  depart- 


The  remedy  is  to  change  direction  of  the 
philosophy  of  motion ;  i.  e.,  going  in  oval 
or  oblong  direction— suited  to  the  peculiar- 
ities of  the  letter — and  striking  a  clear  up- 
ward or  downward  stroke. 

In  extreme  cases  the  teacher  should  take 
hold  of  the  student's  hand  and  assist  in  get- 
ting the  proper  movement.  By  so  doing, 
encouragement  will  often  take  the  place  of 
discouragement. 

Now  that  you  have  a  fair  start,  produce 
the  loop-shaded  square  at  the  base,  count- 
ing the  same,  except  to  dwell  on  the  third 
count,  and  finish  by  lifting  the  pen  fn  m  you. 

Pages  of  this  work  having  been  produced 
tolerably  well,  or,  may  be,  in  isolated  cases, 
extra  well,  pass  to  the  capital  0  (merely  to 
establish  the  philos  phy  of  motion)  in  the 
style  where  the  last  part  extends  half  its 
length  below  the  base  line  and  ends  in 
centre  of  letter. 

Note. — The  (piestion  of  nhade  need  not  be 
coQBidcred ;  r.  e.,  Xhn  student  can  produce 
work  without  shade,  if  so  desired ;  but  if  shade 
is  attempted,  produce  it  on  Jirst  downward 
stroke. 

The  formation  uf  the  capital  0  depends 
very  largely  upon  the  second  part  being 
made  high  enough.  So  I  call  attention  to 
one  of  the  characteristic  features  of  the 
Peircerian  System.  In  No.  10  of  the  sec- 
ond p.age  of  inset  in  copy-book  you  will 
find  this  statement:  "The  second  part  of 
(14)  fourteen  letters  is  higher  than  itie  first, 


v.  U.  Y.  X.  W.  H.  K.  T.  F.  P.  B.  S.~ 
O'— andiJ. 

The  count  in  producing  this  letter  is,  1 — 
2,  while  getting  the  motion,  and  at  3  strik- 
ing the  first  downward  stroke,  and  4  finish- 
ing the  letter,  thus  :  1—2—3—4;  one,  two, 
th— ree,  fo— ur. 

Don't  flinch!  Don't  say  yoti  "cannot 
understand  it"!  Don't  say  you  "can't  get 
it"  !  Don't  say  you  "have  made  a  whole 
page  and  didn't  get  it."  Don't  commence 
scribbling  on  sometliing  else.  Don't  prac- 
tice recklessly.  Don't  act  foolish  in  many 
ways,  and  get  vexed  at  your  own  dear  self, 
but  stand  to  the  work ;  say  you  icUl  under- 
stand it;  say  you  can  get  it,  and  make 
pages  and  pages  and  pages  and  pages  and 
pages  and  pages  and  pages  and  pages  and 
pages  and  pages  and  pages  until  you  see 
some  improvement. 

Practice  carefully  by  watching  position 
generally — both  of  yourself  and  material. 
Begin  at  top  line,  and  make  each  letter  oc- 
cupy about  li  spaces— the  distance  between 
blue  lines  counting  a  space — and  near  each 
other.  After  crossing  the  page  halfway 
each  time  move  the  paper  toward  you  with 
left  hand.  After  completing  each  line, 
move  the  paper  upward  a  little. 

The  greatest  power  of  execution  is  in 
keeping  the  haml  within  a  radius  of  three 
or  four   inches   of  the   recognized  proper 

You  cannot  do  good  execution  with  tho 
arm  at  an  obtuse  angle. 

J?c„,a,i-,_" The  Power  of  Position" 
will  constitute   another  article   at  some 


Keep  a  sharp  look-out  ''or  this,  that, 
or  the  other  point,  and  net  sensible  by 
stunving  true  yrii. 

Sliiiiihl  yiiri  fail,  after  fair  effort,  yon 
may  put  it  down  to  an  nbsidute  certainty 
tlijtt.  you  c«»ino(  exeruto  the  work  gone 
..vcr  well  eunugh,  and,  of  course,  a  review 
is  nfllio  first  coiisideraliou. 

K>  I'p  iip  rt  (constant  review  of  work 
goue  over,  demanding  of  yourself  more 
au<[  iur.ro  aceunicy.  and  the  result  will  bo 
that   -11  new  work   will   bo  readily   ac- 


ViMir  best  will  always   biiug  yo 
a!  triumph. 

(To  be  continued  } 


MnoN,  WeATIIKU,    AND   TiDES.— At 

oue  of  the  recent  meetings  of  the  British 
Association  at  Southampton,  Sir  W. 
Thompson  delivered  to  a  large  audience 
an  address  upon  the  tides.  While  ex- 
plaining the  theory  of  tho  moon's  in- 
fluence on  the  tides,  he  incidently  touched 
on  the  supposed  influence  of  the  moon's 
changes  upon  weather,  and  pointed  out 
that  the  comparison  of  most  careful  and 
complete  indications  of  the  barometer, 
thermometer,  and  anemometer,  and  the 
times  of  the  new  and  full  moon  and  half 
moon,  had  failed  to  establish  any  relation 
whatever  between  then,  and  had  proved  on 
the  contrary  that  if  there  was  any  depend- 
ence of  the  weather  on  the  phases  of  the 
moon,  it  was  only  to  a  degree,  quite  im- 
perceptible to  ordiuary  observation.  We 
might  take  it  confidently  nut  only  that  it 
was  not  proved  that  there  was  a  dependence 
of  the  weather  on  the  changes  of  the  moon, 
but  that  it  was  proved  that  there  was  do 
general  dependence  of  weather  on  ihechauges 
of  the  moon.  The  attraction  of  the  moon 
upon  our  globe,  however,  was  described  as 
not  merely  causing  the  tides,  but  as  produc- 
ing an  incessant  palpitation  and  tremor  of 
the  earth. 

Not  Responsible. 

It  should  be  distinctly  understood  that 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  be 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  columns;  all  communications  not 
objectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished ;  if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
are  equally  open  to  him  to  say  so  and  tell 
why. 


Till,  I'l :.\.M.4..\ 


^^/i 


}iM^. 


1.  : 


ADVERTISING   RATES. 

iQgla  iMertioQ.  2o  cent*  per  lit.*  DOi-parell- 
M.... ».VOO'    $»!oo'      1100.00      1150.01 


LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 

.  hope  to  render  the  JOimxAL  wmdetitly  Inte 

^  hi?  htf wi^i'lir  UfouSng*'  """ 
PREMIUMS: 


pnbUcsilou 


laofEngmwlng,  each llxH  in 

oogdoo'*  Nomal  System  of  Lettering 

ree  naniM  ond  «<  we  will  fomnrd  Ihe  lArge  Cen 


prlMlS. 

For  twelv« 
"Wnilain»4 


.1  be  iHued  at  Dearly  aa  pouible  on 
d  belty  Pimt-oflloe  Order  or  by  Regii 


S  ART  JOURNAL, 


CSS.' 


New  York,  October,  1882. 


Send  Money  for  Specimens. 

From  teu  to  fifty  postal-cards  arc  dailyre- 
ceived  at  the  office  of  the  Journal  rcfjuest- 
iiig,  gratuitously — and  usually  with  the 
alleged  iutention  of  hecomiug  suhscrihere  or 
patrons — specimen  copies  of  the  Journal, 
or  samples  of  onr  various  puhliwitions. 
Others  say  they  will  remit  on  receipt,  which 
in  many  instances  they  neglect  to  du. 

Long  experience  and  ohservation  has 
shown  U3  that  a  very  small  percentage  of 
these  applicants  mean  anything  more  than 
to  get  soinethiog  for  nothing,  for  we  have 
mailed  more  than  50,000  copies  of  the  Jour- 
nal free  to  applicants  for  specimens  and 
otherwise  since  its  puhlicatiou  commenced, 
of  whom  not  teu  per  cent,  have  hecome 
Buhscrihers. 

In  eoine  instances  numerous  cards  request- 
ing specimen-copies  have  been  received  from 
one  person  in  a  single  year,  while  in  hun- 
dreds of  instances,  from  three  to  five,  and  in 
one  instance,  thirteen  cards  have  come  from 
the  same  person.  To  such  persons  as  have 
a  bona  fide  iutention  of  patronizing  iho 
Journal  wo  should  he  more  than  willing 
to  mail  sample  copies  free,  yet  it  costs  aome- 
thing,  and  the  advantage  is  mutual,  and  to 
each  one  desiring  them,  ten  cents  is  a  mere 
trifle,  hut  when  it  aggregates  to  thousands, 
as  it  does  with  us,  it  is  uo  triHe,  but  repre- 
ei'uts  hundreds  of  dollars  per  year.  Wo  have 
therefore,  and  we  think  properly,  concluded 
to  mail  no  more  copies,  or  samples  of  any 
liiud,  free.  Persons,  not  our  recognized 
agents,    desiring     specimen    wpies   of  the 


Journal  must  hereafter  inclose  ten  cents, 
and  for  other  things  the  advertised  retail 
price.  No  attention  whatever  will  here- 
after be  given  to  orders  unaccompanied  with 
a  remittance. 

Criticism  in  Learning  to  Write. 

Says  Carlyle:  "  The  greatest  of  faults,  I 
should  say,  is  to  be  conscious  of  none." 

The  force  of  this  remark  lies  in  the  fact 
that  no  unconscious  fault  can  bo  corrtctcd. 
A  rule  wo  have  somewhere  seen  given  of 
cooking  a  hare,  in  which  the  first  requisite 
is  to  catch  him,  is  very  applicable  to  one  en- 
deavoring to  mend  his  faults  in  writing; 
first,  such  faults  must  be  discovered  and 
thoroughly  understood ;  next,  find  and  ap- 
ply an  effective  remedy. 

Many  persons  write  page  after  page  from 
a  copy,  observing  that  their  writing,  gen- 
erally, is  very  unlike  the  copy  they  seek  to 
imitate.  Without  everaufficieutly  studying  or 
analyzing  their  work  to  discover  the  precise 
differences  between  it  and  their  copy,  they 
go  on  with  their  practice  as  if  that  alone 
could  bring  them  to  perfection.  They  are,  too, 
unmiudful  of  the  fact  that  the  hand  is  only 
the  agent  ot  the  mind,  and  that  it  can  produce 
no  form,  beautiful  or  artistic,  of  which  there 
is  not  first  a  perfect  mental  conception.  To 
write  right,  we  must  first  think  right.  No 
single  exercise  should  be  repeated  in  writing 
until  the  preceding  effort  has  been  carefully 
studied  and  analyzed  in  all  \Ih  parts  to  dis- 
cover its  precise  faults,  when  an  intelligent 
effort  may  be  made  for  their  correction. 
Thus,  the  power  of  the  mind  to  correctly 
conceive,  and  the  hand  to  execute,  will  grow 
together  unto  perfection.  Pursued  in  this 
manner,  "practice  will  make  perfect." 

An  Ingenious  Card. 

James  J.  Brooks,  Chief  oi  the  Detective 
Bureau  in  the  U.  S.  Treasury,  Washington, 
D.  C,  has  lately  had  engraved  u]ion  steel, 
from  an  original  design  by  himself,  an  alle- 
gorical card,  which  is  unique  and  highly 
eiiibleinatical  of  his  profession.  At  the  top  is 
an  all-seeing  eye,  which  is  supposed  to  take 
cognizance  of  the  doings  of  malefactors, 
below  which  are  represented  the  scales  of 
justice  and  a  dagger;  the  former,  emblem- 
atical of  the  justice  and  the  law  that  tries; 
the  latter,  of  the  punishment  that  follows  the 
conviction  of  criminals.  To  the  right  and  left, 
are  the  figures  of  two  hands  holdiug  the 
ends  of  two  threads  which  are  beine  skill- 
fully woven  into  a  web,  encompassing  and 
entangling  a  multitude  of  human  figures 
designed  to  represent  criminals  of  all  classes 
who  are  constantly  hoiug  brought  within  the 
toils  of  detective  skill.  The  cjird  in  its  en- 
tiro  conception  reflects  no  ordinary  degree 
of  genius,  and  is  a  production  worthy  of  a 
Chief  of  detectives. 

"Spencer  Memorial  Library." 
The  Geneva,  Ohio,  Times  of  September 
IDth,  in  an  extended  editorial,  advocates 
the  founding  of  a  "  Spencerian  Memoriel 
Library."  We  think  the  penmen  of  tho 
country,  teachers  in  public  schools,  aud 
managers  of  business- colleges  will  feel 
deeply  interested  in  this  important  move- 
ment, and  actively  aid  in  promoting  its  suc- 

Tho  following  extract  from  the  Times  will 
throw  some  light  upon  the  plan  proposed : 

Pklt  R.  Spencer  was  an  vnthusinelic  eup- 
portwr  of  ediicftliou  in  every  deparliiieiil  of 
knowledge  ;  posscseed  of  a  (itie  literary  taetp, 
hv  gathered  aruiiiid  him  a  lai^^e  miscellaneous 
library,  and  opened  it  to  the  youth  of  Ueneva 
Biid  encouraged  them  lo  uneil  freely.  His  con- 
irihulions  to  the  literature  of  liie  lime  were  fre- 
quent aud  of  aokuowledged  merit. 

But  everything  else  siukft  into  iiisigiiificance 
in  comparison  when  we  recall  the  fuct  ihut  he 
was  ihe  author  of  a  system  of  penmauship, 
now  the  standard  one  of  the  Vu'itvd  Slates, 
having  also  obtained  a  firm  hold  iu  the  scLohIs 
of  foreign  countries.  He  taught  liis  eysiern  of 
writing  for  more  than  forty  ve»r*i.  beneJiiing 
tens  ofthouaaiids  of  the  young  men  and  women 
of  the  land.  Through  him  and  his  system  of 
writing  Geneva  became  more  widely  known 


models  of  sobriety, 
our  judgment,  Gem 
by  some  peiTuaueot 
reformatory 


than  any  other  place  of  its  eize  in  tbi>  Union. 
His  high  sense  of  houjr,  mtnily  character,  uui- 
fornily  correct  example,  and  the  interest  he  felt 
iu  the  welfare  of  alt  with  whom  he  came  iuto 
contact,  made  him  a  power  for  good  during  his 
whole  life. 

In  Geneva  he  took  an  especial  ioterett.  He 
wanted  to  see  the  township  and  vitlnge  models 
of  thrift,  prosperous  growth,  and  especially  did 
he  desire  to. witness  the  growth  of  a  younger 
generaiiuD  of  men  and  women  who  should  be 
ind  intelligence.  In 
best  honor  herself 
of  a  literary  and 
:id  established  as 

perpetual  memorial  of  Plait  R.  Spencer,  her 
most  useful  and  di8tingui«hed  citizen. 

If  our  suggestions  are  adopted,  let  the  sub- 
scription-book be  headed  "  Spencer  Memorial 
Library,"  and  if  the  enterprise  can  be  put  on  a 
firm  foundatir.n  tlip  fiiiKls  will  he  forthcoming 
in  abundam f.  Th.'  i.'l;iii\es,  friends,  aud 
thousands  of  |ii]|.)l-.  .>f  I'luii  H.  Spencer  will 
most  gpiier.ji;-ly  altl  i!}f  viii^eus  of  Geueva  iu 
nu  enterprise  of  this  chitracler. 


The  King  Club 

this  month  comes  from  E.  K.  Isaacs,  penman 
at  the  Northern  (Ind.)  Normal  School  and 
Business-Institute,  at  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  and 
uumhers  seventy -Jive.  Mr.  Isaacs  is  a  skilled 
writer,  and  evidently  a  popular  teacher.  A 
specimen  of  his  practical  writing  may  be 
seen  on  another  page  of  this  issue.  The 
second  club  in  size  numbers  twenti/- seven 
aud  is  sent  by  Leroy  Hesseltine,  of  Mussel- 
man's  Gem  City  Business-College,  Quincy, 
111.  The  third  largest  numbers  seventeetif 
and  comes  from  W.  L.  Bceman,  teacher  of 
writing  at  Zumbrota,  Minn. 


The  Hill  Premiums. 
In  accord  with  promise,  Mr.  Hill  visited 
our  ofBce  at  the  time  appointed  for  the  re- 
ception of  specimens  to  compete  for  the 
prizes  whic^  he  had  offered  for  specimens  of 
penmanship.  Unfortunately,  however,  while 
many  had  announced  their  intention  to  ex- 
hibit, but  two  specimens  had  been  received, 
and  each  of  these  were  executed  in  a  manner 
so  very  delicate  as  to  make  it  impossible 
to  photo-eugrave  them  for  Mr.  Hill's  pur- 
pose. He  had  expected  that  his  offer  of 
$:!00,  $200  and  SIOO  for  first,  second  and 
third  best,  would  bring  out  a  vigorous  com- 
pclitiou  from  whirti  some  fifteen  or  twenty 
specimens  could  have  been  selected  for  en- 
graving; and  believing  yet  that  a  good 
exliibition  may  be  had,  he  proposes  at  some 
future  time  to  make  autither  proposition  that 
will  bring  the  best  pen-work  of  the  country 
together. 

Acknowledgment. 

College  papers,  cataloj;ues  and  circulars 
have  hicu  rcreive.l  as  follows  :  G.)odumu's 
C-dlege  Mr>ssenger.Knoxville,Tenn.;  Rugby 
Monthly,  Wiluiiu^tou,  Del. ;  circulars  from 
The  Commercial  aud  English  Training 
School,  Elkhart,  lud.,  coudncted  by  H.  A. 
Mumaw,  and  the  Western  Business-College, 
Galeshurg,  111.,  conducted  by  J.  M.  Martin 
&.Bro.;  Holmes'  Shorihaud  College  Jour- 
nal, La  Porte,  Ind.;  a  Prospectus  of  the 
Woman's  Institute  of  Technical  Design, 
124  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York;  The  Port- 
land (Oregon)  Business- College  Journal ;  a 
finely  gotteu-up  catalogue  from  Cady's  Met- 
ropolitan Business-College,  SH  East  Four- 
teenth Street,  New  York. ;  a  catalogue  from 
0.  C.  Vernon's  Institute  of  Penmanship, 
Goshen,  Ind. ;  Announcement  of  the  Youngs- 
town  (0.)  Business-College;  the  Spencerian 
Business- College,  Cleveland,  0.;  the  East- 
man's Business-College,  Poughkeepsie,  N. 
Y.,  and  Clark's  Titosville  (Pa.)  Busiuess- 
Cullegf 

"  The  Standard  Practical 

Penmanship." 

Below  we  give  one  amoug  a  large  number 

of  flattering  testimonials  received  for  the 

above  named   work.     Prof.  Cochran,   from 

whom  it  comes,  is  one  of  the  most  accom- 


plished business  educators  and  experienced 
teachers  of  penmanship  in  this  country,  and 
is  eminently  qualified  to  judge  of  the  merits 
of  any  penmanship  published.  We  fully  coin- 
cide with  his  opinion  when  ho  pronounces  the 
Standard  Practical  Penmanship  the  best  that 
has  ever  been  published.  Any  person,  young 
or  old,  who  purchases  any  other  iu  prefer- 
ence to  this  will  certainly  make  a  mistake ; 
remember,  we  will  return  tho  money  to  all 
dissatisfied  purchasers. 

Office  of 
Pittsburgh  Ckntral  Hir.n  School, 
9th  Mouth,  aiilh  Day,  1332. 
Deah  Sir  :— The  Portfolio  of  Standard  Prac- 
tical Penmauship  is  received.     I  am  delighted 
with  it.      For  progi-essive    arrangement,  eaae 
and  beauty  of   execution,   and  the  practical 
character  of  the  copies,  I  pronounce  them,  in 
my  judgment,  lo  be  the  very  best  that  have 
ever  been  published,  anywhere,  either  by  Spen- 
cer Bros.,  or  any  other  authors. 

The  Spencer  authors  will  deserve  the  thanks 
of  every  teacher  and  of  every  boy  and  girl  in 
America.  I  shall  take  pleasure  iu  recommend- 
ing the  Standard  enthusiastically,  to  all  of  my 
pupiU.  Youi-8  truly, 

C.  C.  Cociira.1. 

Cuts  Omitted. 

We  have  been  obliged  to  omit,  for  want 
of  space  from  the  present  issue,  several  v*"ry 
fine  cuts  of  plain  writing  ai'd  artistic  pen- 
work,  which  were  expected  to  appear.  Our 
next  issue  will  contain  several  of  the  most 
attractive  specimens  of  penmanship  ever 
engraved  upon  a  relief  plate. 


Teachers,  pupils,  and  others  interested 
in  any  department  of  penmauship,  should 
hear  in  mind  that  the  columns  of  the  Jour- 
nal are  open  to  them  for  giving  expression 
to  any  thought  of  value  or  interest  to  their 
frateruity.  The  chief  utility  of  a  penmen's 
paper,  we  coni^eive,  to  be  in  its  being  a 
medium  of  free  intercommunication  of 
thought  on  the  part  of  those  interested  in 
the  art  of  teaching  or  practicing  penmanship. 
Who  has  not  something  worth  communicHt- 
ing?  ^^ 

Handwriting  is  truly  said  to  be  an 
index  to  character.  That  this  is  so,  is 
due  in  a  great  measure  to  the  fact,  that  to 
become  a  good  writei  requires  good  taste, 
close  observation,  patience  to  study  and  prac- 
tice. These  qualities,  then,  are  among  the 
characteristics  of  a  good  writer,  and  are  also 
the  elements  of  success  in  any  other  sphce 
of  action.  The  absence  of  these  qualities  will 
make  bad  writers,  and  corresponding  failures 
elsewhere. 


Book  Reviews. 

"  Self- Teaching  Peuraanship,"  by  J.  N. 
Graflord  &  Co.,  Bowling  Greeu,  Mo.  The 
work  has  considerable  artistic  merit  in  its 
design  aud  arraugomeut. 

"Fifty  Law  Lessons,"  by  Arthur  B.  Clark, 
Principal  of  the  Bryant  &  Strattou  Busi- 
ness-College, Newark,  N.  J.,  published  by 
D.  Apploton  &.  Co.,  is  a  concise,  practical 
work  of  200  pages,  arranged  with  questions 
and  answers,  and  is  designed  as  a  text- book 
for  commercial  law  in  business- colleges  and 
schools.  See  publishers'  announcement  in 
another  column. 

"Tlie  Business- man's  Commercial  Law 
aud  Business  Foruis,"  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Bryant, 
and  Ex-Judge  Geo.  W.  Clinton  of  BuHah), 
N.  Y.,  is  a  work  of  aOO,  8  vo.,  compact 
pages,  devoted  to  practical  information  up- 
on law  loj»ics,  and  the  presentation  of  the 
more  freeqneuily  used,  legal  and  commer- 
cial forms.  The  work  gives  evidence  of 
car-  ful  preparation  by  skilled  and  competent 
authors,  aud  is  admirably  adopted  for  the 
purposes  for  which  it  is  deaigued,  viz.,  a 
convenient,  reliable  and  coiupreheusive 
class-book  for  commercial  schools,  aud 
hand-book  for  the  counting-room  and  pro- 
fessional office. 

"The  Modern  Stenographer,"  by  Geo. 
H.  Thornton,  President  of  the  New  York 


State  StCD«grapher8'As«(tciaIion,{D.  Apple- 
ton  i  Co.,  I,  a  .111.1  5  Bond  Street,  pub- 
lishers), i«  a  work  of  125  pages,  preaeDting 
a  new  or  modified  system  of  Meuography. 
Not  being  ourBelves  sofficiCDtly  initiated  in 
the  myjitcries  of  the  curves,  pot-hooks,  cir- 
cles, etc.,  that  go  tx>  inuke  up  either  a  new 
or  old  system  of  Btenography,  we  submitted 
the  work,  for  an  opinion  respecting  the 
merits  of  ita  claim,  to  our  friend,  Hamilton 
Potneroy,  nu  ezpericQced  shorthand  writer, 
employed  by  the  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Cu. 
of  this  city.  Mr.  Pomeroy  reports  as  fol- 
lows :  "  In  actual  stenographic  practice 
there  is  rarely  any  very  marked  distinction 
made  by  the  must  rapid  stenographers  be- 
tween    light     and     heavy 

strokes,  main  reliance  being 
placed  upon  tho  fonn  and 
position  of  the  outlines  in 
the  majority  of  cases,  with, 
perhaps,  nn  occasional  ref- 


useful  in  the  English  laoguage,  has  been 
improved  and  added  to,  as  it  has  passed 
through  its  many  editions,  ontil  it  would 
now  seem  to  be  the  perfection  of  book- 
making.  Yet,  Prof.  Hill  has  lately  spent 
several  months  in  New  York,  Boston  and 
Philadelphia  in  search  of  new  material,  in 
the  form  of  valuable  information  and  unique 
embellishments,  which  will  greatly  enrich 
coming  editions.  Already,  be  might  ap- 
propriately add  to  its  present  title,  that  of 
"  Encyclopfedia  of  Useful  Information."  In 
the  present  edition  are  entirely  new  and 
elegantly  engraved  plates  of  copies,  for  self- 
instruction  in  writing ;  a  chapter  giving  ex- 
amples of  the  most  common  faults  of  speech, 


Chicago,  111.,  and  is  sold  only  on  subscrip- 
tion by  agents. 

"  Log  of  the  Twelfth  Annual  Cruise  of 
the  Second  Presbyterian  Fishing  Club,  of 
Philadelphia."  Clifford  P.  AlUn,  Loggist ; 
Herbert  S.  Packard,  AriisL 

This  hook,  as  its  title  indicates.  Is  tke 
record  of  the  experiences  of  a  Presbyterian 
Fishing  Club,  whose  high  moral  standing  is 
foreshadowed  by  the  published  rules  govern- 
ing its  conduct,  a  few  of  xhich  we  quote  : 

Article  I. — Put  up  or  shut  up. 

Article  II. — No  person  ahall  be  eulilled  to 
become  a  member  of  this  Club  whose  mural 
character  will  bear  the  sligbteat  ecrmiuy. 


o  the  c 


:,  should     I  ci^/ 


any  doubtful  case  arise.  But 
to  have  so  far  reduced  this 
whole  subject  to  a  complete 
and    thorough    sysfo  * 

seems  to  have  been  accom 
plished  by  President  Thorn 
ton,  in  "The  M  dern  Ste 
nographer,"  as  to  Im  st 
if  not  entirely,  obv  ate  the 
necessity  ol  sha  1  g  n  all 
cases,  must  certa  nly  tend 
to  greatly  enha  ce  the  ca 
pability  for  speed  of  eteno 
pbouograpliy. 

"The  Elements  of  Tachy 
graphy  and  tho  Manual  of 
Tachygraphy,"  by  D  P 
Lin.Isley,  252  Broadway, 
N.  Y. — tho  former  134,  the 
latter  124  pages — aro  hand- 
somely printed  and  bound 
volumes,  designed  as  class- 
boults  for  teacliiiig  tachy- 
graphy. It  is  claimed  by 
the  author  that  this  is  the 
simplest  and  most  practical 


bas  been  performed  in  a  mar 

surate  with  the  importance  of  the  work. 

Our  friend  Packard,  tho  artist,  has  dis- 
covered in  the  coast  line  of  the  Delaware 
and  Chesapeake  Bays,  and  presented  in  map 
form,  excellent  portraits  of  the  difl'erent 
membersof  the  Club ;  and  although  we  have 
never  had  the  pleasure  of  gazing  upon  their 
features,  yet  we  are  satisfied,  from  a  study 
of  this  map,  that  they  possess  in  no  ordi- 
nary degree,  beauty  and  intelligence  united 
to  high  moral  excellence.  We  grieve  that 
one  of  the  number  was  obliged  to  remain  at 
home  to  take  care  of  the  baby ;  but  we  are 
gladened  on  a  succeeding  page  by  the  first 
reliable  delineation  of  the  world-famed  sea- 
serpent —  a  representation 
far  more  realistic  than  it 
would  have  been,  had  it 
boon  seen  by  the  artist  him- 
self, aa  he  has  availed 
himself  of  tho  varied  de- 
scriptions of  Iho  other 
members  of  the  Club,  and 
has  combined  those  descrip- 
tion   in    one    exbaustlesa 


:e.::e  ^J^^' 


of    sh. 


ud   M'rit- 


ing  in  use.  "  No  other  sys- 
tem of  ahorlhaud  writing 
has  any  style  to  be  com- 
pared with  this,  or  capable 
of  taking  its  place.  Tachy- 
graphy bas  this  advantage 
over  [dmuograpliy,  that  tho 
smallest  attainments  can  be 
made  practically  useful,  and 
the  student  is  uut  liable  to 
forget  it  J  while  it  is  well 
known  that  by  far  the 
greater  number  of  students 
drop  the  old  phonography 
entirely.  Tho  reporting 
style  of  tachygraphy  is  not 
inferior  to  phonography  in 
the  rate  of  speed  attained ; 

vowels  gives  it  an  advan- 
tage in  point  of  legibility." 
Prof.  Lindsley  also  edits  and 
publishes  The  S/iorfAanc?- 
lIVt(cr,  an  eight-page  quar- 
to ;  it  contains  the  following 
dc})arlmenls :  I.  General 
information  and  news  cou- 
ceruing  shorl-haud  matters 
iu  all  i)rominent  systems. 
II.  The  Young  Writer,  giv- 
nit:  instructions  in  Tachygraphy  for  be- 
L'iuuers.  HI.  Hand-book  of  Tachygraphy 
^oiir  new  Toxt-book — of  which  sixteen 
to  tw  euty  pages  will  be  given  in  each  num- 
ber. IV.  The  Phonetician,  giving  current 
news  and  discussions  on  tho  progress  in 
Spelling  Kuvision.  V.  Tho  Rapid  Writer. 
Sample  copies,  10  ots.;  per  annum,  12  oum- 
bere,  SI.  Persons  who  aro  interested  in 
shorthand     writing    should    send      for    the 


A  copy  of  the  thirty-fourth  edition  of 
"Hill's  Manual  of  Social  and  Business 
Forms"  lias  been  rec^iivod.  This  work, 
ri^imlly  one  of    the  moit  uttractive  and 


-^^:_^-.''    THE  PUBLISHERS  OrTHE 

0)3iPANY  ByIaws.  Hiaxrs  a>  dUoll. 


■.ffini'nrl.UIinri't 


„,-,i/.'w^  "//, 


jX'J^i-l^iKl. 


V/. 


■./■A 


•f/fy/'/MJ  A^/rt-  /lrUil/!/^y 


Tht  aim 


'.  it  photo-engravtd  fro 
and  is  given  <, 


an  original  pen-and-inl:  copy,  executed  at  the  office  of  the  "Pin 
I  specimen  of  engrossing.    Size  of  the  original,  IS  x  S4  inches. 


No  c 


I  could  doubt  the 
e  of  tho  CI  b  d  d 


but 


vho 


of 
)(  mall 


with  their  correct  forms  j  a  chapter  of  choice 
selections  for  itlbums;  an  extended  article, 
beautifully  illustrated,  upon  etiquette.  Nu- 
merous valuable  reference -tables  —  giving 
tho  list  of  battles  in  the  late  Civil  War, 
tables  of  useful  statistics,  etc.;  also,  a  brief 
analysis  of  the  United  States  Government, 
with  lists  of  oHicials,  and  defining  their 
duties.  The  work,  iu  its  typography,  pa- 
per, bin  ling,  and  illustrations,  [.resents  a 
must  perfect  specimen  of  hook-making,  and 
is  in  itself  a  library  of  useful  information, 
and  should  bo  a  hand-book  of  every  busi- 
uess-ofhce  and  family,  as  well  as  of  teacher, 
pupil,  and  clerk.  It  is  published  by  The 
Hill  Standard  Baok  Co.,  103  State  Street, 


age  wa 


ht  inch 
and  contained  bi 
aiuounting  to  ov 


one  banking  firm, 
way  of  New  York. 


Article  V. — Any  person  found  \vaBbiiig  his 
feet  in  tlitt  dieh-pans,  or  cultiug  his  toenails 
with  the  cook's  kuife,  shall  be  reprimaudi'd  by 
the  President ;  and  iu  case  of  eticuud  uft'euHe 
shall  be  expelled  fuilhwitb. 

Article  i'lI.—Jl  t^hull  be  the  duty  of  every 
member  to  ubeerve  to  the  lullest  extent  the 
Goldeu  Kute  (of  the  Club),  viz.,  to  do  nothing 
himself  that  he  cau  get  anybody  to  do  for  him. 

We  regrettbat  space  will  not  permit  us  to 
give  the  entire  eight  articles,  and  that  for 
the  same  reason  we  are  unable  to  reproduce, 
for  our  readers,  any  (lortion  of  the  log,  not 
even  a  "chip,"altliough  wo  understand  that 
chips  figured  quite  largely  in  the  cruise. 
Suflico  it  to  say  for  the  loggist,  that  his  duty     remunerative  employtneat. 


the  u  mber  , 
/ )  gently  re  1  nes  on  a 
n  at  ess — 1  lied  to  sloop  by 
tie  lewtJ  Hfe  aren  the 
Je  SO)    n  squ  to 

TIethoro  ghminnerm 
wh  cl  the  guns  at  Po  tress 
M  n  e  vere  nspected 
ilo  refined  noon  fish  — 
tl  0  terr  1  lo  phantom  wh  ch 
p  s  edSn  h  nLsdream 
the  judge,  the  jury,  the  cul- 
prit, the  counsel  for  defense, 
tlie  couusel  for  the  prosecu- 
tion— all  are  subjects,  as 
delineated  by  Packard, 
over  which  wo  delightfully 
linger;  but  even  these  give 
us  not  the  ecstatic  pleasure 
we  experience  when  gazing 
at  the  surprised  and  raven- 
ous mosquito  which,  ignor- 
ant of  the  law  of  gravita- 
tion, expected  to  speedily 
get  his  fill  by  piercing  en- 
tirely through  the  proboscis 
of  a  member  of  the  Club, 
and  that  finds  the  excellent 
tid-bits  dripping  upon  the 
schooner's  deck.  And  the 
aforesaid  member  of  the 
Club  seems,  by  the  expres- 
sion so  happily  dej-icted, 
to  experience  the  same  ec- 
stasy of  delight  as  the 
writer,  who  fain  would 
linger  longer  upon  the 
work — but  ia  compelled  to 
desist. 

A  Million  -  dollar 
Registered  Letter. — 
A  registered  foreign  pack- 
age was  recently  sent  from 
the  registered  -  letter  de- 
partment of  the  Baltimore 
Post  -  office,  destined  for 
London,Eugland,  on  which 
the  postage  and  registry 
cost  over  $25.  The  pack- 
foot  long,  ten  inches  wide, 
OS  tliick,  carefully  sealed, 
s  and  other  securities, 
$1,000,000,  mostly  for 


The  package  \ 


by 


All  Back  Numbers 

of  the  Journal  may  be  bad  ttince  and  in- 
clusive of  January,  187d ;  only  a  few  copies 
of  1878  left. 

No  young  lady  or  gentleman,  po8see8C<l  of 
good  rapid   handwriting,  need  want  for 


;'  'l'JI3  J^xi^lLii 


■■^^^4 


XhI    JOL'KSAL 


Wilh  fralernal  good  wishea  for  yuur  eui 
cess  ID  the  noble  cause  iq  which  you  are  ei 
gaged,  I  remaiD,  yoors  truly, 

.George  SooLfi. 

TuE  Penman's  Art  Jourx 


Send  $1  Bills. 
We  wish  our  patrons  to  bear  io  mind  that 
1  payment  for  subscriptions  we  do  not  de- 
re  pustage- stamps,  and  that  tbey  should  be 
I  of  ,  sent  only  for  fractional  parts  of  a  d<fUar.    A 


J.  A.  D.,  Ja«l««>n.  Mich.— Do  you  BOpply 
inks  good  for  school  oeet  Atu- — No,  we 
nevof  deal  in  Jluid  ink«  of  any  kind  ;  only 
India,  in  the  stick,  for  artistic  pen-work. 
We  atlvise  you  to  addri^ss  Messrs.  Ivison, 
Blakcuian,  Taylor  &  Co.,  7.i3  Broadway, 
New  York. 

A.  J.  D.,  St.  Johns,  N.  S.— Which  is  most 
desirable  or  practical  for  business  purposes — 
a  largo,  medium,  or  small  handwriting  f  Ans. 
—We  believe  that  a  size  below  what  would 
be  denominated  medium  in,  all  things  con- 
sidered, the  best,  as  it  is  more  rapidly  and 
easily  executed,  and  it  is  more  easily  and 
rapidly  read,  inasuiuch  as  the  lines  of  writing 
are  more  separated  from  each  other, 
presenting  a  dearer  and  less  con- 
fused appearance  to  the  eye  than 
when  letters  are  so  large  and  the  ex- 
tended letters  so  long  as  to  be  inter- 
mingled with  each  other.  No  ex- 
tended letter  should  reach  above 
base  line  more  thau  three-fourths  of 
the  distance  to  ruled  line  above,  nor 
more  tliau  half  the  distance  to  ruled 
line  bolow. 

D.  C.  M.,  California,  Pa.— Please 
answer  the  following  through  the 
Art  Journal.  1.  What  is  meant 
by  a  system  of  penmanship  f  2. 
Why  do  loop  letters  cross  at  head  and 
base  linesf  3.  What  movement  do 
yon  ooQsider  the  best  for  all  purposes? 
4.  What  is  movement?  5.  Which 
is  the  most  important  in  writing — 
Mm/or»i%  or  variety  f  Ans. — 1.  A 
system  of  penmanship  is  that  in 
which  all  the  letters  and  combina- 
tions are  constructed  according  to 
cortaiu  principles  and  methods  and 
by  prescribed  rules.  2.  Because 
crossing  at  those  points  tends  to  give 
the  best  proportions  and  most  grace- 
ful forms  to  the  loop  j  and,  besii'es, 
it  affords  a  fixed  and  uniform  guide 
as  to  point  of  crossing.  3.  The  com- 
bined movement  of  tlie  forearm  and 
fingers  is  superior  to  any  other  for 
all  practical  writing, 
wholeann  moveinen 
for  making  largo  ci 
flourishing.  4.  Mov 
tion  of  the  fingers  oi 
gives  the  proper  mo 
for  executing  the  forms  of  the  letters 
and  the  lateral  motion  of  the  hand 
along  the  line  across  the  page,  while 
writing.  5.  Uniformity  is  of  much 
more  importance  in  all  writing  than 
variety.  Variety  is  only  desirable  in 
professional  writing;  and  then,  to  be 
desirable,  must  be  introduced  skill- 
fully ami  in  accordance  with   good 


the  brightest,  neatest,  and  most  entertaining 
journals  published.  Illustrations  and  speci- 
mens, photo-engraved  from  actual  pen-work, 
are  only'a  few  of  i\M  attractions. — The  Judge. 

The  Penman's  Art  Journal  is  reaUy 
a  maguiScent  journal,  giving  instructions 
in  everything  pertaining  to  the  art  of  writ- 
ing, with  the  most  elegant  specimens  of  pon- 
maDship— both  plain  and'ornamenlal.  The 
Journal  is  the  handsomest  paper  we  have 
ever  seen,  and  we  have  seen  several  hand- 
some papers.  The  Journal  is  published 
monthly,  at  one  dollar  per  year.  It  would 
be  chea_)  enough  at  three  dollars  a  year. — 
Short  hard-  Writer. 

The  Penman's  Art  Journal.— This  is 


3  much  more  convenient  and  safe 
to  remit  than  the  same  amount  in  1,  2  or  3 
I  cent  stamps.  The  actual  risk  of  remitting 
'  money  is  slight — if  properly  directed,  not 
one  miscarriage  will  occur  in  one  thousand. 
!  Inclose  the  bills,  and  where  letters  contain- 
ing money  are  sealed  in  presence  of  the 
postmaster  we  will  assume  all  the  risk. 


It  is  Useless  to  Apply 

to  us  for  specimens  of  our  penmanship.  Ap- 

occupied,  that  it  is  impossible  for  us  to  com- 
ply with  such  requests.  We  cad  only  show 
our  hand  through  the  columns  of  the 
Journal. 


lept  that  the 
may  be  used 
pitals,  and  for 
ment  is  the  ac- 
musclea  which 
I  the  pen 


'^,^fe'^(^^i;?^^54^f^^^^ 


me,  and,  therefore,  do  not  lAaitat«  to  recom- 
mend it  to  others." 

Mr.M.  J.GuIdsmith,  the  accomplished  penman 
at  Moore's  Southern  Businesa-CoUege,  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  paid  us  a  visit  recently.  He  is  devoting 
much  attention  to  vocal  culture,  with  a  view  of 
entering  upou  the  atiige. 

The  Rev.  J.  J.  Elfiman.  Hinckley,  III.,  writes 
a  letter,  the  style  of  which  would  do  honrr  to 
many  of  our  professors  of  Penmanship.  He 
says  ;  "  I  am  a  reader  of  your  Journal  aud 
would  not  like  to  do  without  it." 

A.  C.  Backus,  teacher  of  writing  in  ihe  Fay- 
ette (Ohio)  Normal  aud  BusineBS-College.  says: 
"  I  desire  to  renew  my  subscription  to  the 
•ToURNAL;  aud  to  show  you  my  appreciation 
of  the  same,  inclose  a  money-order  to  pay  the 
subscriptioQ  for  the  accompanying  eleven 
names,  for  one  year, 

J.  M.  Vincent,  who  has  for  some  yeara  past 
been  teaching  writing  at  Los  Angelee,  Cal., 
takes  the  position  of  professor  of  writing  in  ihe 
Santiago   College,  Chili,  S.  A.    Mr.  V.  is  a 

skillful  writer  and  a  popular  teacher  of 

writing,  and  will  undoubtedly  win  new 
fame  in   his  present  responsiljle  posi- 


The  Eighteenth  Anniversary  of  the 
Sadler,  Bryant  &  Stratton  Business- 
College.  Baltimore,  Md.,  occurred  on 
September  2lpt.  The  occasion  is  men- 
tioned by  the  Baltimore  papers  as  hav- 
ing been  one  of  unusual  interest.  The 
Address  delivered  by  Hon.  Wm,  Pink- 
ney  White  was  reported  in  full  in  the 
Sunday  Hews.  All  or  a  portion  of  it 
will  probably  find  a  place  in  a  future 
number  of  the  Journal. 

Prof.  John  Groesbeck,  Principal  of 
the  Crittenden  Businesa-College.Phila- 
delphia,  Pa.,  says  :  "  I  think  your 
JoiniNAL  is  splendid.  We  expect 
soon  to  send  you  a  club  of  subscribers. 
Can  you  give  ns,  occasionally,  articles 
touching  business  correspondence  If  I 
think  that  such  articles  as  you  would 
give  would  be  highly  appreciated."  It 
is  our  intention,  after  the  close  of  our" 
series  of  articles  on  "  Box  and  Pack- 
age Marking,"  to  give  an  illustrated 
series  of  articles  upon  correspondence. 

C.  N.  Crandle,  teacher  of  writing  at 
the  Normal  College,  Bushnell,  III.,  is 
highly  complimented  by  The  Record. 


lege  fiiciiHy. 

A,  W.  Dudley,  who  for  some  lime 
past  has  been  Principal  of  the  Busi- 
ness Department  of  the  Southern  In- 
diana Normal  College  at  Mitchell,  Ind., 
has  become  Associate-Principal  of  the 
Mayhew  Business -College,  Detroit, 
Mich.  The  Mitchell  Commtrciat,  in  no- 
ticing Mr.  Dudley's  departure,  says  : 

"We  are  gtad  to  know  the  plane  hn  takna 


TAe  above  is  a  photo-engraved  copy  of  a  letter  m-ittm  by  E.  K.  Isaacs,  penman  of  the  Northern  Indiana 
Normal  Business  Institute,  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  and  is  given  as  a  specimen  of  practical  writing. 


Complimentary  to  the  "Journal." 

OfI-IUK  of  SoULK'S  COMMKKUIAL  COLLEGI! 
AND  LlTKItARY  INSTITUTE, 

New  Orleans,  Sept.  2ath,  1882. 
Editors  o/ Journal  :— Though  pressed 
with  a  nmUiplicity  of  business  affaira,  I  feel 
it  my  duty  to  take  sufticient  time  to  thauk 
you  for  your  oxoelleut  article,  in  the  Septem- 
ber number  of  Pknman's  Art  Journal, 
on  "  Professional  vs.  Business  Writing." 
This  nrljole  is  timely  and  to  the  point.  It 
answers  in  u  courteous  aud  masterly  mauuer 
the  often  heard  assertions  of  those  unrea- 
soning minds  which  arrive  at  conclusions 
through  avenues  of  ignorance  and  prejudice, 
aud  not  by  reasou  and  logic  fmm  correct 
premises.  For  a  (juarter  of  a  century,  I 
have  combated  the  same  erroneous  affirma- 
tions whicli  you  have  encountered  and  de- 
molished in  the  article  referred  to.  I  trust 
that  the  profession  will  labor  to  disseminate 
your  thought*  upon  "  Profesaioaal  vs.  Busi- 
ness Writing." 


the  title  of  a  beautiful  and  valuable  monthly 
— published  at  one  dollar  per  year.  Every 
number  is  replete  with  hints  and  lessons  in 
practical  writing  aud  a  choice  collection  of 
choice  literature  designed  to  meet  the  wants 
of  every  member  of  the  household.  We 
cannot  speak  too  flatteringly  of  this  journal 
— it  need  only  be  seen  to  be  admired. — 
Mouse  and  Home. 

Ho"w  to  Remit  Money. 
The  best  and  safest  way  is  by  Post-office 
Order,  or  a  bank  draft,  on  New  York  ;  next, 
by  registered  letter.  For  fractional  parts  of 
a  dollar,  send  postage  stamps.  Do  not  send 
personal  checks,  especially  for  small  suuis, 
nur  Canadian  postage  stamps. 

A  good  handwriting  is  not  only  of  itself  a 
commendation  to  its  possessor,  but  inasmuch 
as  it  is  usually  taken  to  be  an  indication  of 
character,  it  is  presumptive  evidence  of 
other  excellencies  and  att^ments. 


Extra  Copies  of  the  "Journal" 
will  be  sent  free  to  teachers  and  others  who 
desire  to  make  an  effort  to  secure  a  club  of 
subscribers. 


W.  H.  Brodre  is  teaching  large  writing- 
classes  at  Richwood,  Ohio. 

L.  B.  Lawson,  of  Placerrille,  Cal.,  sends  a 
club  of  seventeen  subscribers,  and  says  :  "  I 
find  the  Journal  lakes  like  a  circus." 

In  our  August  issue,  J.  W.  Harkins  was  an- 
nounced ae  the  penman  at  Baylies,'  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  which  should  have  been  "  The  Little 
Rock  (Ark.)  Commercial  College." 

Ira  Taylor,  who  is  teaching  writing  in  Can- 
yon City,  Oregon,  sends  a  club  of  twenty-one 
subscribers  to  the  JouitNAL,  and  says  ;  "I  find 
the  JonRNAL  full  of  valuable  iofonnation  to 


oiplM 


roughly  i 


The  people  ol  Mitchell  w 
he  so  richly  d^ecves. 

We  can  heartily  indorse  all  the  Commercial 

says,  both  as  respects  Mr.  Dudley  and  the  In- 

ith  which  he  is  associated. 


Creditably  executed  specimens  of  penman- 
ship have  been  received  from  W.  S.  Macklin, 
Si,  Louis,  Mo. ;  Jos.  Foeller,  Brown's  Business- 
College,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. ;  A  H.  Steadman  , 
Freeport,  OMo. 


M.  Edmund  Hennesey,  of  West  Koxbiiry, 
Mh»».,  a  1b<1  of  eixleen,  muAb  a  specimen  of 
liiB  writing  •  year  Finc:«,  and  one  of  Lis  pr««ent 
writing,  which  not  only  ipiiowe  marked  improve- 
ment,  but  a  really  ezcdtcnt  hand. 

An  clegnntly  written  letter  comes  from 
D.  L.  MuHKelman,  of  the  Gem  City  BuaineSB- 
College,  (juincy,  III.  Also  superior  specimens 
of  flounBhing  from  the  pens  of  W.  H.  Johnson, 
a«eUt  ant-pen  man,  and  H.  C.  Carrer,  a  student 
in  the  Kumial  Peumanship  Department  of  the 
above  named  insiiiutiuu. 

G.  W.  Slusser,  Inglewood.  Va.,  incloses,  in 
a  handsomely  written  letter,  several  superior 
specimens  of  plain  and  fancy  cards.  He  saya, 
"  I  have  been  n  Hiibscriber  of  the  JOUHNAX. 
from  its  Hral  ntimber,  and  would  not  be  without 
it  for  ten  times  ItA  cost.  I  have  always  thought 
it  cuuld  not  be  improved,  yet  it  doet  grow  bet- 
ter and  better." 

H.  T.  Loomis  sends  a  photograph,  imperial 
size,  of  B  pen-and-ink  drawing,  entitled  "  Our 
Martyrtd  Preeidents,"  which  embraces  the 
portraits  of  Lincoln  and  Garfield,  in  oval 
borders,  surmounted  by  an  eagle ;  and  at  the 
base,  between  tlie  ovals,  is  afigure  of  Columbia 
and  the  American  flag.  The  original  wae  finely 
executed  by  C.  L.  Perry,  a  student  of  the 
Spencerian  Business- College,  Cleveland,  Ohio.   ! 

Handsomely  written  letters  have  been  re- 
ceivt'd    from   the   following ;     A.  W.  Dakin,  | 
Tully,  N.  Y. ;  L.  B.  Lawson,  Placervllle,  Cal. ; 
J.  W.  Harkine,  Little  Rock  (Ark.)  Commercial 
College;  W.  L.  Keeman,    Zumbrota,  Minn.; 
C.  S.  Perry,  Lexington,  Ky. ;   H.     ^^_^__^ 
T.  Loomis,  Cleveland  (O.)  Busi-    1 
nesB-CulIege;  S.  R.Webster,  Rock     \ 
Creek,  O.;  L.  C.  Backus,  Fnyetle,     ; 
O. ;  Jas.  W.  Westervelt,  professor     j 
of  pennmnahip  at  Woodstock  (Can- 
ada) College;  L.  Madarasz,  New 
■iork;  G.  \V.  Michael,  teacher  of 
wiilin-,  D.lMvaie,  O. 


His  Juvenile  Days. 

Unpublished  page  from  the 
life  of  George  Washington.  It 
is  the  merry  summer-time.  To 
him,  the  mother  of  the  father  of 

"George  dear,  where  have  you 
heen  since  schoolwas  dismissed?" 

"Haio't  heen  nowhere,  ma." 

"Did  you  come  straight  home 
from  school,  George  t" 

"Yea,  ma'am!" 

"  But  achool  dismissed  at  3 
oVlocIi-  and  it  is  now  half- past  6. 
How  does  that  come?" 

"GotkepMn." 

"What  for?" 

"  Missed  in' JDggrafy  leps'n." 

"  But  your  teacher  was  here  only  an  hour 
ago  aud  said  yon  hadn't  been  at  school  all 

"Got  kep*  in  yestiddy,  then." 
9     "  George,  why  were  you  not  at  school  to- 

"  Forgot,  Thought  all  the  time  it  was 
Saturday." 

"  Don't  stand  on  one  side  of  your  foot  in 
that  manner.  Come  here  to  me.  ■  George, 
you  liavc  been  swimming." 

"No'uio." 

■'  Yes  you  have,  George.    Haven't  you  ! " 

"Noap." 

"  Toll  your  mother,  Georget" 

"Nuck." 

"Then  what  makes  your  hair  so  wet,  my 


About  that  time  the  noble  Bushrod  came 
aloDg  with  a  skate  strap,  and  we  draw  a  veil 
over  the  dreadful  scene,  merely  remarking 
that  boys  do  not  seem  to  change  so  much  as 
men.— Burdeite. 


Who  Was  Primitive  Man  ? 

The  main  fallacy  which,  as  it  seeuia 
me,  underlies  so  much  of  our  current  reaso 
ing  on  "  primitive  man  "  lies  io  the  tacit  u 


Brother  Gardner's  Philosophy.  Cards  and  Calls. 

"  "             who  expecks  leas'  of  de  world  ,  Tn  cities  there  is  far  greater  use  for  rarxb 

de  fewest  complainta,"  I  than  a  person  in  the  country  would  think 

the  sound  of  rattling  !  of.    This  is  the  way  they  are  used  in  the 

All  visiting-cards  have  only  the  plainest 
script;  uo  fancy  printing  or  wriiiog  is  seen 
upon  one  of  them,  either  of  gentleman  or 


inpti. 


ith;i 


ngle  moden 
with  only  on 


cies,  not  a  ternary  genus 
cies  surviving.  The  mo 
structure  of  man  and  of  the  anthropoid  apes, 
the  more  does  it  become  clear  that  the  differ- 
ences between  them  are  merely  those  of  a 
genus  or  family,  rather  than  distinctive  of  a 
separate  order,  or  even  a  separate  sub-order. 
But  I  suppose  nobody  would  claim  that  they 
were  merely  specific;  in  other  words,  it  is 
pretty  generally  acknowledged  that  the  di- 
vergence between  man  and  the  authropoids 
is  greater  than  can  be  accounted  for  by  the 
immediate  descent  of  the  living  form  from  a 
common  ancestor  in  the  last  preceding  geo- 
logical age.  Mr.  Darwin  even  ranks  man 
as  a  separate  family  or  sub-family.  There- 
fore, according  to  all  analogy,  there  must 
have  heen  a  man-like  auimal,  or  a  series  of 
man-like  animals,  in  later,  if  not  in  earlier, 
tertiary  times;  and  this  animal  or  these  ani- 
mals would  in  a  systematic  classification  be 


am  de  one  who  h. 

said  the  old  ms 

hoofs  died  away  in  the  hall.   "  De  man  who 

imagines  dat  friendship  will  borry  money  at 

de  bank  am  doomed  to  disappointment.    My 

frieu'  may  len'  me  his  shovel,  but  he  expecks 

me  to  return  his  hoe  iu  good  condishun.  He     lady. 

may  inquar'  arter  my  wife's  health,  but  it  i  over  three  i 

doan' foller  dat  I  kin  turn  my  chickens  into  |  Gentlemen' 


his  garden.  If  I  am  sick,  I  doan'  expeck  de 
worl'  to  stop  movin'  right  along.  If  my  nex' 
doah  naybur  whispers  to  my  wife  dat  he  am 
willin'  to  sot  up  wid  my  corpse,  he  am  doiu' 
his  full  duly.  If  I  am  in  want,  dat's  nuflin' 
to  de  people  who  have  plenty.  If  I  am  in 
trouble,  dat's  nuffin'  to  de  people  who  have 
plenty.  If  I  am  in  trouble,  dat's  nuffin'  to 
de  people  who  have  sunthin'  to  rejoice  ober. 
De  whorl'  owes  me  only  what  I  can  aira. 
It  owes  me  room  to  pass  to  and  fro,  space 
for  a  grave,  au'  sich  a  funeral  as  ile  ole 
woman  kin  pay  for  an'  keep  de  bin  full  ,o' 
'taters.  De  world's  friendship  reduces  a  man 
to  rags  as  often  as  it  clothes  him  in  fine  rai- 
ment. De  world's  sympathy  blisters  a  man's 
back  as  often  as  it  warms  his  heart.  De 
world's  charity  excuses  the  crime  of  a  hoss- 
tliief,  an'  am  horror-stricken  ober  de  stealiu' 
of  a  loaf  of  bread  by  an  orphan.  De  world 
promises  eberythin',  and  performs  only  what 


The  size  of  ladies'  cards  is  a  little 

"ucbes  in  length  by  two  in  width. 

laller.  The  address 


is  not  engraved  with  the  name  on  either  a 
lady's  or  gentleman's  visiting-card;  but  it  is 
on  ladies'  "At  Home  "  cards.  It  is  no  longer 
the  fashion  to  go  out  on  a  round  of  calls. 
A  lady  makes  out  her  list  of  visits  owed, 
and  gives  to  her  servant  a  number  of  cards, 
with  her  name  thereon.  These  c^rds  are 
left  at  the  doors  of  her  friends,  and  her  calls 
are  made  without  any  weariness.  The  labor 
is  done  by  a  servant,  and  the  lady  keeps 
herself  fresh  for  other  duties.  If  the  lady 
choose,  she  may  go  about  aud  leave  her  own 
cards  at  her  friends'  doors,  but  unless  very 
intimate  she  is  not  supposed  even  to  ask  if 
the  people  to  whom  she  leaves  a  card  are  in. 
Still,  there  are  some  who  follow  the  old 
style  lest  their  friends  may  not  understand 
the  new  ways.  Each  lady  has  an  "At 
Home"  day,  and  on  her  cards  tells  her 
friends  what  day  this  is.  This  fashion  brings 
gentlemen  more  into  afternoon  society  and 
so  niakes  it  more  agreeable. 
Men  who  hate  to  make  calls 
will  drop  in  to  "an  afternoon" 
I     and  enjoy  it. 

Invitations  to  parties  are 
printed  on  very  large,  plain 
cards.  The  old  folded  form  is 
seldom  used.  People  in  mourn- 
ing use  deep  black  borders.  An 
invitation  for  a  wedding  is  al- 
ways sent  out  at  least  a  month 
before  the  ceremony. 

A  bride  and  groom  go  away 
on  a  wedding  journey,  and  on 
their  return  they  send  out  cards 
to  their  friends.  Sometimes  the 
bride's  mother  sends  out  the 
cards  just  afler  the  wedding, 
naming  the  date  of  return.  On 
these  cards  is  the  name  and  ad- 
dress of  the  newly  married  pair, 
with  the  bride's  maiden  name 
on  the  fold  of  the  invitation  en- 
velope, with  a  printed  line 
drawn  through  it;  that  indicates 
that  the  young  lady  has  done 
with    thiat    name.  —  Scholar's 


m  so  fast  coinin'  from  school." 
hirl  is  wrong  side  out." 
that  way  when  I  got  up  this 


morning  for  luck.  Always  win  when  you 
play  for  keeps  if  your  shirt's  on  hinside  out." 

"  Aud  you  havn't  the  right  sleeve  of  your 
shirt  on  your  arm  at  all,  George,  and  there 
is  a  hanl  knot  tied  in  it.  How  did  that  come 
there  f" 

"Bill  Fairfax  tied  it  in  when  I  wasn't 


grouped  as  species  of  the  same  genus  with 
man.  In  the  Abb^  Bourgeois's  mid- Miocene 
split  flints  we  seem  to  have  evidence  of  such 
an  early  liuman  species :  and  I  can  conceive 
no  reason  why  evolutionists  should  hesitate 
to  accept  the  natural  conclusion.  To  speak 
of  palffiolithic  man  himself— a  hunter,  a  fish- 
erman, a  manufacturer  of  polished  bone 
needles  and  beautiful  barbed  harpoons,  a  car- 
ver of  ivory,  a  designer  of  better  sketches 
than  many  among  ourselves  i  au  draw — as 
"  jirimitive,"  is  clearly  absurd.  A  long  line 
of  previous  evolution  must  have  led  up  to 
him  by  slow  degrees.  And  the  earliest  trace 
of  that  line,  in  its  distinctively  human  gen- 
eric modification,  we  seem  to  get  in  the  very 
simple  flint  implements  and  notched  bones 
of  Thenay  and  Pouanc*?.— (?ran(  Allen  in 
Fortnightly  Beview. 


The  Two  Countries. 


Id  sad  proceasliin  move,  brow-bo 
II  ia  a  Jand  peopled  by  witless  mc 
Compared  \Tilh  Uiem  Ihe  Vi;^[u 


'Butwhu 


ofTt" 


e  you  doing  with  your  shirt 


"Didn't 
that  knot  ic 
"George 
"  That's  honest  truth,  he  did." 


9  when  it  \ 


He  jes  took'u  tied 


am  convenient. 

"  De  man  who  relies  on  de  honesty  of  de 
public  instead  of  de  vigilance  of  a  watch-dog 
will  have  no  harvest-apples  for  sale  De 
man  who  pauses  at  each  stage  of  his  career 
fur  de  world  to  applaud  or  con.lemu  will  he- 
come  a  football  for  all  men  to  kick.  Ex- 
peck  no  friendship  to  las'  beyond  de  momen' 
when  you  want  help.  Expeck  uo  sympathy 
to  endure  longer  don  it  takes  fur  tears  to  dry. 
Expeck  no  praise  from  men  in  der  same 
trade.  We  will  now  contiuuate  towards  de 
usual  programmy  of  business." 

Penstock  rose.  He  rose  for  the  purpose 
of  asking  the  President  if  he  meant  that  his 
closing  sentence  should  go  upon  the  record 
in  that  form. 

"  Am  dar  anyfing  wrong  wit  dat  sen- 
tence t"  placidly  inquired  the  President. 

"  I  doan'  'zactly  like  de  word  '  continu- 
ate,'  sah." 

"  Brudder  Penstock,  de  likns  or  dislikes  of 
one  humble  individual  in  dis  world  doan' 
amount  to  shucks.  When  de  Lime-Kiln 
Club  'lect^  you  as  its  President,  you  kin 
bring  a  wagon-load  of  grammars  aud  dick- 
shunaries  an'  histories  into  dis  hall,  an' 
knock  off  de  balance  oh  de  shingles  wid 
big  words.  Penstock,  sot  down ! " — Detroit 
Free  Press. 


Mr.  Walter  Smith,  principal  of  the  Nor- 
mal Art  School  of  Massachusetts,  who  has 
had  a  long  controversy  with  other  instruc- 
tors of  the  school,  has  heen  removed  by  the 
Board  of  Education,  aud  Mr.  Otto  Fuchs  ap- 
pointed to  fill  his  place.  The  latter  is  a 
practical  mechanical  engineer, 


Bryant's  New  Series. 
BOOK-KEEPING. 

Eighth    Edition.        Copyrightbd,   lasi. 
By  J.  C.  BRYANT.  M.D.,      . 


NEW  COMMON  SCI  H 
(Tie  and  Double  Eutry.    Ti. 

NEW  ELEMENTAUV 


Persons  desiring  a  specimen-copy  of  the 
Journal  must  remit  ten  cents.  No  atten- 
I  tion  will  be  given  to  postal-card  requests  I 


r.  a  BKTAJIT,  Pablisbar,  Buf. 


Ki   J<irH\Ai. 


Everywhere  in  life,  the  tme  question  is, 
not  what  we  gain,  but  what  we  do. — Car- 


^■M^S^^^-, 


Wm  EDITION  »^HILL'  S.  MMUM,. 


ispmmm^t 


\\og,  Flnnrliblng.  PoD-draning  or  Letle 
IT  pnonifn  and  otbma.  IIiindjunDe  Dijilm 
[Ml*.  If  you  wont  iinylbing  In  tfa«  lio 
CMi  plmM  yon  vrllli  lanlilv-,  quuitlt>-  a 
II.  W.  KlHliR,  Utioa 


DU8tNES8  CAPITALS,  t  differ. 


\l".} 


UAIJI.E  Informnllof 


HUL  ST^^b'  800Z  «?^  103  SMte  Stnet,  Chicigo,  111. 


w^s:,! 


SHORTHAND-wn 
Tnrm.)ow;  mil. 


thnrmighly  Unsbt    liy  nia 
W.  HULTOX.  PitWburgh,  F 


JUST  WHAT  I  WANT! 

Wc  have  just  made  out  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  saleable 
style  of  cards  ever  offered  penmen,  being  taken  from  an  imported  pat- 
tern. We  have  added  tliis,  with  fifteen  new  styles,  to  our  Mounted 
Sample-book  (which  contains  lOO  styles),  and  which  book  we  offer,  free, 
to  all  sending  50  cents  for  one  year's  subscription  to  the  Penman's 
(:,t.~,,/le. 

SPECIALTIES. 

Gcnviine  Oblicpic  Penholders,  75  cents  per  dozen  ;  3  dozen,  $2.  Gilt- 
edge  cards.  $1.50;  Hevel-cdge,  §4 ;  Lap,  §4-75  (20  varieties);  Slippers, 
$3;  Gilt  liorder  (red,  blue,  black,  and  white),  S2.40,  per  1,000,  postpaid. 
We  will  furnish  the  Gaa-ttc  free,  one  year,  if  three  dollars'  worth  of  cards 
are  orderc<l. 

New  England  Card  Co,,  Manufacturers  and  Publishers, 

^VOONSOCKET,  K.  I. 


TESTIMONIAL  Holmes's  Commer. 

Ni'.w  K.Mii.ANi)  Caki)  Co. — Gaiflfmm  :  Your  card! 
and  your  prices  arc  Icjwer  than  the  same  quality  can  be  purchased  for  elsewhere.     Thi 
face  of  your  cards  we  find  very  superior  for  writing  with  the  crowquill  and  other  fine-pointed 


,  Fall  River,  Miss. 
E  giving  good  satisfaction  here, 


;  the  ink  takes  hlacker 
supply  of  tliese  cards,  and  w 
perily  crown  your  efforts. 


i  quickly  on  them.     We  hope  you  may  always  ha 
nend  them  to  all  penmen  ;  and  may  health  and  pros- 
Fraternally  yours,  F.  A.  Hulmi;s. 


B  Series  of 

CHnniiPENB 


'»kW.'LV-'a\iS>'L^'b>,W^'^%\^VK<^-XW.Y■.' 


JUST    PUBLISHED. 


Eaion  and  Burnett's  Book-keeping. 


Higher  Ghades  op  Public 


SCHOOl*;     FOR    Sew  -  iNSTRUCnON,  ANI 


Eaton  and  Burnett's  Commercial  Law. 

REVISED  AND  ENLARQED. 


•  I'nper,  Agnno)-,  Partuonhtjis,  eonHiroliun.,  Bailmeulfl, 
'ES  TO  SCHOOLS.    : 


i.l>yn 


in,  II. 


EATON  &  BURNETT, 

Ealon  .(■  Bunctr>  Dimr,m-Colh<je. 
BALTHIORE,  Mil. 


FIFTH    EDITION.  FIFTH    EDITION. 

REVISED  AND  IMPROVED. 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC. 

A  New  and  Improved  Work  on  Business  Calculations, 

Specially  Prepared  as  a  Practical  Text-book  for  Business-Colleges, 

High  Schools,  Academies  and  Universities. 


When  first  puhlished,  it  st  once  received  the  strongest  indorsement  of  many  of  the 
leading  buainesB  educators  in  this  country,  and  wft«  adopted  by  over  one  hundred  prominent 
Business-Colleges  and  Private  Schools  iu  the  United  States  and  the  Canadas. 

Since  that  time  it  has  been  able  not  only  to  retain  EVEiiY  ONTl  of  its  patrons,  but  also  to 
secure  others,  in  such  numbers  that  four  large  editions  biive  been  consumed  in  supplying  the 
demand. 

TJIJE  FIFTH  EDITION, 

juBt  published  (512  royal  octavo  pages),  has  been  revised,  and  improved  by  the  addition  ol 
many  new  and  valuable  plates,  together  with  the  correction  of  all  typographical  erroi-a  incident 
to  the  publication  of  new  books. 

In  addition  to  the  publieation  of  the  work  in  a  complete  edition,  for  the  convenience  ot 
patrons  it  is  also  published  in  two  Parts. 

PART    FIRST 

Compriees  192  royal  octavo  pages,  beginning  with  the  introduction  of  Arithmetic,  and  extending 
to  the  subject  of  Percentage.  The  methods  are  adapted  to  daily  nee,  very  practical,  and  em- 
brace many  novel  features. 

PART    SECOND 

Begins  with  the  subject  of  Percen 
practical  treatment  of  the  varl'iu- 

This  portion  of  the  woik  ■   ■ 

Its  success  was  quick  ainl 
tive  as  flattering.  It  ia  hoDe5tl\ 
features  of  improvement  and  pn;^ 
practical  than  any  siuiilar 


,tly 


Ast 


Prof.  H.  E.  Hibbard.  BostoQ.- 
be  kind  in  this  cointry." 
Prof.  Cbarles  Cla^hor 


WHAT  OUR  PATRONS  SAY: 

of.  S..Bf.s:fttdii»,  Si'ringfiel 


Prof.  G.  A.  GnsVel 


retsey  City. — "^1 


perfection. 

C 

Ryder 
pi.;,  nn 

bmetio  pul) 

■It  1.  11 
le.-';T 

r.  zii 

known  by 

p? 

■olS'tl 

S.2"o'b°. 

appr.cia 

.^,n,y  to  be 

Prot.  K. 
any  othet 

?o 

kSr'the 

"kS.""" 

■Illsn 

1  equalled  by 

Pror.  G. 

M 

D.Ylin, 

Jackson.-' 

It  is  0  17 

tk  of  .uperiot 

b-Kb?. 

.■> 

ZT. 

'c";ve'r..i° 

^•cSt 

progress  from 

„e^S'bS 

I 

he  puWi 

9.'— •-- 

complete  i 

"e 

very  var 

ety  of  prob 

e'Z:"™ 

la  style,  and 

strongest  i 

.4 

Lif 

ai.r.  T.r« 

Haute.- 

-'■  It  has  our 

Prof.  C.  C.  Cochi 


Capio.  AitguBta 

Mo.-"  It  deserve,  a  place 

enttSmS 

ill..  Pa.— '/It  la  decidedly 

Atwood,  Onare 

o^k^tT^^irdrz'S 

fbusTne'ssSSr 

,t„.,T.....-"Itl..su 

™l''„™™ 

lent,  superior  iu  typography 

Iowa.— "I  proiiouuoe  it  in 

".  .':..^z["'^. 

GalesbuTB.  111.— "II  is  the 
work  ever  publisUed." 

.  Cliirk,  Tit 


'sr>^: 


d  Carhart,  Altmuy. — "Alter  a  lliorougli 

pleased  with  it." 

iwellcr.  Pichering  College,  Ont — "  By 


SPECIMEN-PAGES  wUl  be  mailed 
Complete    Edition,   Express  or  ] 

ANSWERS    TO    PROBLEMS. 

For  the  use  of  Teachers  and  Private  Pupile, 
a  work  containing  answers  to  all  the 
problems  in  the  COMPLETE  Edi- 
tion, will  be  mailed  on  receipt 


;:,Hl;^S:? 

rouin  it  Brother 

For 

Worth.  Tex.— 
0  have  secured 

.\'"u  'r     ndf^" 

diiiau,  Hartford. 

31.- 

It  Is  auperior  to 

neoily  practical. 

[veil.  Francestown 
It«   typography 

N. 

'of  its  special 

Prof.  H.  8.  D 
eminontly  practict 

gj^ett,  Snpt.  Schools. 

0.— "It  Is  pr.. 

Prof,  C.  A.  Twininff,  Union  City 
too  btioDgly  ludorsed." 

Pa.- 

-"  II  cannot  b. 

oaloulnliuutt." 

neld.  Md.  Agriou 
oompriaea  the  w 

o™ 

I'ilt  buinei^ 

to  any  address 

on  receipt  of  Stan 

up. 

Post-paid,  on 

receipt 

of 

^2.25. 

Address, 

[ 

- 

^ 

Z^/ 

Presideul. 

'.  by  the  Mu»  EngmviDg  Compaay.    Send  copy  for  eetmuite.    Speoimen*  of  I 

H.  W.  KIBBE,  Utica,  X.  V. 


ir  Uir««*oeDt  atamp*. 


Brvani,  Straiton  &  Sadler  Business-College, 

,  7-12t.  Noa.  6  and  8  Korzh  Charlks  Streei,  Baltuiorb,  Md. 


IHE  NEW 

BRYANT  &  STRATTON 
BOOK-KEEPING     BLANKS, 

Ad.|,l«l  f..r  iw  nilli  ..r  ivilhoul  TMl-Book, 


.'I  ll,-  only  > 


ikUiI  I 


•..n.|ia 


•THE  NF.W 

Bryant  &   Stratton 
Counting-House-Book  keeping.' 

SHALL  .' 

UON  SET.      _  _  _ 

SECOND  BU8INE.SS  SEKIES,' 


COMMISSION 
BANRI.NG  HE 
DRY  OOOD8 


"JOHN  D'S  FAVORITE  PEN." 

larly  A<li>i<tMl'  f..r  I->iMi<'  un 
Scot  l'o.t.,«,i.i  .,„  r^re.pt  of 


;s;;'a" 


119 


DANIEL  SLOTE  &  CO., 

■vi>  121  William  Street,  Nkw  York. 


THE  DAY  SPACING 
Shading     T     Square. 


L.  L.  L. ; 

Or,  FIFTY  LAW  LESSONS. 

By  Arthur  B.  Clark. 


Usefulness  of  Phonography, 


It  wai  pf*psr«l   by  11 


d  (rent*  of  the  practical,  every-itM>-  points 
it  uu^«  of  bnsiaess  onljr.     QumiIodb  are 

It  U  an  eapecUtUf  important  aHhJool    for 
iparia^  for  active  businesa  parBuit*,  and  a 


D.  Appleton  &  Co.,  Publishers, 


26S,So©.^u 


thing  fancy. 
Inglewood,  \ 


btHineM.  ptsoea    tliei 


iling,  Ir  not  Burpauing.  (be  olasslts,"  suya  frnft-s; 
UR  Pbnnogniptay.aons  tonote.in  tbebriefeat  Rpn(>«  n 


s 


SLIAS  XONOLEV, 


Book-buyers,  Save  Money ! 


NE'W  YORK 

BOOK-PUROHASING    AGENCY, 

8l»    BROAl>WA¥,  NEW  YOKK. 


TO  MY  FRIENDS  AND  THE  PUBLIC: 

The  uiidersigued,  wbo  has  for  years  ioHowed  the  profeaeion  of  card- writing,  and  whose 
name  is  familinr  in  all  parts  of  the  country,  esteems  it  a  pleasure  to  announce  that  he  has  _yet  to 
know  of  the  first  instance  wherein  hie  work  has  failed  to  give  perfect  satisfaction. 


Tinted  Bristol,  choice  colors 
5.  Peach  Bristol,  very  delicate 
G.     Bevel-edge,  very  liuest  aud  i 


popular  style  to  be  secured. 


205  Broadway,  Now  York. 
SpecimenB   of    Tiotin^,    photo 


XllV.6—DeaT  Sir:    In  Uie  great  aoope  a 


iii|r  and  triitiDiir  T  square  t 
ReBpectfully.        C-  S.  S 


K;; 


i  aafely ;  aod,  oflar  putting  U 


CAPITALS, 

gems),  same  price. 

Brilliant  Black  Ink  Recipe, 

Hoping  to  receive  your  orders,  I 


fiighly  prized  by  studentf 
uted  with  a  pen.     Conceded  by  all  to  he  the  handsomest  ever  sent  ouC  by  any 
pcnma,,,  price  25c.;  2  seta  (different),  40c.     FLOUMISHING  (perfect 


of  llie  finest  ink,  $1.30,  by  express. 


L.  MA.DA^R^SZ, 


p.  0.  BOX  2105,  NEW  YORK   CITY. 

aamplfs,  etc..  tif  cards,  showing   the  wotidRrriil 


WELLS   W.  SWIFT, 

AfarlonvlUe,   Ononilaga   County,   New   Turk, 


Publisher  of 

"  Colli-otlo 

i^ind*:  UUio, 


in  No. 
■,  Brown,  VIoletl 


uer  Subteriptxon  Agent,  and 
Handuooks  of  IKK  llsapsa. 
(50  ItMipes)  Contents:  U 


:.  Ulina.'N. 


e  iithertwD  beiug  brooder  Iliaotbal  n 
a  higUly  i  a  >ct  ol  thre*  mniled  for  »  o 


,4  kiDda;  Red,  7  kinda;  Ciinninc,  Gold,  SUvor,  2 
s;  Willie,  a  kiiid»;  Indt<lible.  5  kind*;  SjiDpaUjeUo, 
iiids:  GloMV  dill  colors).  Drawing,  Carbon,  India 
Jiipon  inks.  Ink- powder,  Inks  for  tuarking  pookogea, 
i.i.|,-ihl.    .si.-,K.illuks,  Stamping  and  Canwling  IijkB, 


the  Penman't   GatttU,  one 

'  ttadiim  ptriodioal.    U.   S. 

S-12t 


VISITING  CARDS  writtc 
fallowing  rate,  per  doien 
Vi  ditTereot  de«ignt,  bo^iiuil 
l)ouri«hed,  |l.     Sample,  '25  ol 


DISPLAY   CUTS   FOR   ADVERTISING. 

and  engraved  eapootally  for  displajlog  Hanitl; 
r.  or  Cutuliigiiea,  Issoed  by  Teocheni  of  Writ 
'.  Col)eg«,  eto.     By  using  llieee  nut«.  Hand 


( in  EUclrotype  I 


College  Gun^ 


«M  by  mail 


PEN-PLOl-'RISHED  Cards  -that  beats 
ceois  per  doien  i  samples,  10  cents. 
lO-at  0U8.  HULSIZER,  ' 


i'ENMEN'S  and  ARTIM'N'  SliPFLlES. 

Oil  rett^^ipt  of  the  prices  aiine.\o(l.  wv  will  for- 

uiiy  iirtlvlc  nnmctl  In  the  following;  liat, 

By  ordering  from  tis,  patrons  can  rely  not  only 
upon  rucvl  vln^;  a  superior  article,  but  upon  doinf^ 

Aiui.'-''  I  ••iii|>i'tiiii<iin  ot  OiTi'l  rcnmanehlu,  (4  60 

A'.         '       ■      -   ■  ■        :-.U 16* 

iii^  -   »  ountlnKlIonseKd    S  S» 

Ai  <N~tvuc1Joniui(lpmo- 

I  ■  -lioet,  contalntnglO 

., 10 

100       ■■      >UKHiillhei3of  copies)'.!!.'""""  A  00 

BritiWi  litiitKi,  ^ciiutit  Uack,  iSxSS  In.,  pr  stit  M 

"            82xS8,  pershoel.  by  expross. .  30 

Ficnch  n.  B.,  MxM.       "              "    *^        ..  75 

■•      «6x«,       "              "              ..  1  •« 

Black  Card  Board.  22x58,  for  white  Ink M 

Black  t'm-ds  pcrlOO ■25 

Black  Cards  pertliousondibyvxpre^'' S  oo 

WImt'B  dr'ing-paper,  hot-presa,  lSx2o.$    |.i    $i  •» 

10x24!      20  3  20 

21x,10,      a>  3  7S 

20x40.      fiS  7  00 

"                   "                    "             3ix.52,  I  75  «0  00 

Blank  Bristol  Board  Cords,  per  100 j» 

■'       1000 SOO 

"  "  "  1000.  by  ex.  I  DO 
WtnsorANewton'BaupTsup.  Ind.  Ink,  stick  i  oo 
Ornamental  Capis,  12  designs,  perpockofSSoardo, 

by  mall tf 

Four  nooks,  100  eardB OD 

SOOcards S  90 

1000    "    4  90 

1000    "    by  ezpross 4  00 

Prepared  Indian  Ink,  per  1>ottIe,  by  express 6S 

Gillott'- 303  Steel  Peni,  per  gross, ...  1  « 

Ames's  Penmen's  Faronte  Mo.  1  per  gross  . .   130 

Spenoeriao  No.  1,  extra  for  flounilSng 1  23 

The  New  Spencerian  Compendium,  Part  1,  J,  :i.  4, 

EugToesiug  Pens  for  lettering,  per  dos 25 

Crow-quill  Pen.  very  fine,  for  drawing,  dos 7* 

Williams's  und  Packard's  Gems S  00 

"            '■          "          Guide a  OO 

CoDgdoo's  Nonnal  System  of  Flourishing SO 

"               "            "            Letleting, 80 

Puy-        1'     ■       ■  r  ^  Man iiaK- 125 

N"     I   -.■■■     ■/■/■■'    '     --"■' 1  W 

No!-i  ■■    y'xi'   ■■!!!!!!!!."."!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.'  290 

Stone  Cloth,  one  yard  wide,  any  length  per  yonl, 

46  inches  wide,  per  yard,  slated  both  sides 2  !B 

Liquid  Slating,  the  beat  in  use,  for  walls  or  wooden 

boards,  per  gallon $00 

1^  No  goods  sent  by  mail  until  cash  has  bM»n  r^ 

companied  by  cash  to  one-ha"r"of  Z^JIitlmft  Jd '^t.    No 
205  BnOADWAY,  NSW  YOBK. 

MA  YHE  W'S 
UNIVERSITY  BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual   of    Business    Practice, 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LL.D., 

Detroit,  Micli 


S  Happy  New  Year  Cards  for  1883. 


'S^'c 


Uamifaulurers  a 


New  Gni^Iaud  Card  i 


FLOURISHED  SPECIMENS. 


rnl>.     Affpiil*' 
'ully,  N.  Y. 


Your  Money  Relurned 


SITUATIONS. 


SCRIPT  RULERS. 


Ige,  JOots. 

They  are  mvaluuble  to  all  who  are  seeking  to  Imprt 

eir  writiog.        Address,  PeKMA.H'8  AirT  JoURKAL. 


u'-iiii  '^ji-^^t^SS^.  'II.  j^^^ 


The  Book-keeper 

THE  ONLY  PAPER  OF   ITS 

CHARACTER  IN  THE  WORLD. 

Published  Fortnightly. 


The  LEADrNC  ACCOUNTANISof  A.m 

Correspondents. 


Devoted  lo  all  matters  of  special  interest 
to  Accountants,  Bankers.  Merchants. 
Manufacturers.  Counting-room 
Attaches.  Instructors  of  Ac- 
counts, and  all  persons 
having  to  do  with 
the  Keeping  of 

of  account. 
Ancient  and   modern  systems  of  Book- 
keeping reviewed  and  exemplified. 
Practical  problems  and  questions  discus- 
sed and  elucidated. 
Subscription.  $2.00  per  annum.      Single 

copies,  8  cents. 
Specimen  copies  sent  free  to  prospective 
subscribers. 
An  Agent 
United  Statt 
pensation  guaranteed. 

The  Book-keeper, 
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It  It  ooiistnicled  to  serve  bntli  a*  a  file  and  binder. 
8«Dt  poit-paid  <in  receipt  of  $1 .75. 

Addreu.  PENMAN'S   ART  JOURNAL, 


7j7JM//// 


SPECIALTIES. 

STEEL  PENS.  WRITING-INKS.  DRAWING-PENCILS. 

SCRIPT  RULERS.  OBLIQUE  PENHOLDERS. 

T 

foro.- ---      -        -    .. 

Ppdb  aince  1860.     More  recently  it  has  also  been  used  by 
penmaDflhip  publicatioue  and  stationers'  specialties. 

It  is  recognized  everywhere  as  a  guaranty  of  the  superiority  of  anything  which  bears 
that  well-known  and  standard  designation. 

SPENCERIAN  STEEL  PENS 

Are  used  bj  all  the  beat  penmen  in  the  country.     Tliej  combine  a  degree  of  elHsticitj  and  a 
BmoothneBS  of  point  not  found  in  any  other  pens. 

Samples  of  the  FINE-POINT  pens  sent  on  r.'ceipt  of  3-ceDt  alanip. 

SPENCERIAN  WRITING-INKS. 

Complainte  are  coiiBtaiilly  made  of  difficulty  in  geltinp  good  ink;  and  as  noveltiep  are 
cpulinually  beinp  hrou«lit  oiK.'tliey  are  tried  in  the  hope  that  they  may  prove  free  from  the 
usual  dcfecte.  The  original  receipts  from  which  the  Spencerian  BI»i-k  Ink  is  made  have  been  in 
use  in  Engliind  fur  over  one  kuvdrfd  years.  The  proprietors  have  devoted  the  greatest  care 
and  persoual  alletilioii  to  their  preparations,  and  fully  believe  that  their  excellence  will  be 
appreciated  by  all  who  may  use  them. 

CIRCULARS  SENT  ON  APPLICATION. 

SPENCERIAN  DRAWING-PENCILS. 

aim  for  th 
Freedom  from  Grit,  and  Uniformity  of  Grades. 

Sample-box,  containing  TEN  pencils,  of  one  grade,  or  assorted  sizes,  will  be  sent, 
for  trial,  by  mail,  on  receipt  of  40  cents. 

SPENCERIAN  SCRIPT  RULER. 

ce,  embracing  the  entire 

1^,  the  key  to  all  combi- 

^   various  scales   ol  writing  requirea   in   buok-keening,  buBiness 

published  on  this  Ruler,  makes  it  invaluable  to  college-students, 

accountants  and  teachers. 

SAMPLE  WILL  BE  SENT,  BY  MAIL,  ON  RECEIPT  OF  30  CENTS. 

SPENCERIAN  OBLIQUE  PENHOLDER. 

This  new  and  improved  penholder  enables  one  to  write  on  the  points  of  the  pen,  instead 
oi' across  them,  as  with  the  ordinary  straight  penholder.  The  result  is  at  once  apparent  in  a 
greatly  increased  ease  and  smoothness  in  the  work  of  writing.  By  the  use  of  this  holder  the 
pen  itself  always  acts  upon  both  points,  on  the  up  and  doieti  strokes,  and  besides,  by  the  oblique 
principle,  without  cramping  the  position  of  the  hand,  the  pen  is  thrown  at  the  proper  angle  to 
the  letter. 

For  the  convenience  of  teachers,  we  will  send  one  dozen,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  $1. 

"We  Cannot  Fill  Orders  for  Less  than  One  Dozen. 

Ivison,  BlakemarL,  Taylor    &    Co., 

753  and  755  Broadway,  New  York. 

^^If  you  order  please  mention  this  paper.  6-12t. 


THE   NEW 
BKTANT  &  STRATTON'S 

COMMON  SCHOOL  BOOK-KEEPING. 


ftppeikiimuti. 

THE  NEW 

BRYANT  &  STnATTON-S 

COUNTING-HOUSE    BOOK-KEEPING. 

Kmbmolnt^  tlicTlu'orynnd  PnictJcoor . 


of   Chicago. 
V  rcody  for  use,  and  will 


iiiibUcnmli)! 
on.    IlyS.  S 


ITISOM,   KLAKEMAS,  TATLOK  ft  CO., 
753  ar.l  7M  BtobiIwbj-.  Neir  Yoik. 

FANCY    CARDS! 

TWELVE  DESIGNS.  ALL  DIFFERENT. 
TOE  BEST  /A'  TIIE  MARKET. 

500  poal-pftia ia.50 

i«»        '■  5.00 

1000,  by  Expreia. 4.50 

Send  for  Cirewlar.    Samplea  SENT  PHEE. 

D.  T.  AMES,  ao.'i  Biwwlw»y.  New  Tor*. 


SELF-TEACHING  BOOK-KEEPING. 

A  NEW  TEXT-BOOK  ON  AN  ENTIHELY  NEW  PLAN. 

Tlie  only  work  iu  existence  from  vvbich  a  tboroiigb  pmclical  kl,..^^ ',,).,    ,.i    „ ,  :,u  be  obtained  without  a 

eon  pliolo .engraved,  ii|  great  expeoBe,  from  elegant 


busiiiKss-wHiiiitr  loakiiig  llie  pages  in  a 


■»  as  hie  sbould  appear,  and  affording  Ike  most  pract 


W^HAT    IS    SAID    OF   IT. 

ofBueiness-colle^e.Blil-  i      W.  F.  Jewell.  Pre 

>ly  impressed  willi  tbe     veraity,  Detroit,  Mich. : 

(Has  sini-e  ordered  one 


York;  "I don. 
E.  WHll'lLB 


like  it,  and  shall  give  it  a  trial, 
of  BiiHincss-iMllegi!,  Syracuse, 


mailed  to  any  addiegs,  postpaid 


WILLIAMS    &    ROGERS, 

R'jchester  Butivcss  Vn'iveraily,  Itoeliester.  jV.  T. 


Corresponding  School 

OPECIMENS  of  PeDni^p.  embrecing  flonrishinf.  I  SPENCERIAN    BUSINESS  COLLEGE, 


The  Leading  Work 
COMMERCIAL   LAW. 

CARHART'S 

Class-Book  of 

Commercial  Law 

Is  now   used  i«    all  the  Leading  Business- 
Colleges,  Academ''es,  nnd  Schools. 

business,  designi-d  and  aminged  especially  fur  cTiiM  nr 
private  iostnitMion.  It  oontnioa  n  oomplotv  ex|>lnnalion  ot 
basiness-pnper,  such  as  notes,  drafts,  oheoks,  bitts  nf  lad- 
iDg,  reoeipis  and  indoiwments.  It  also  Ireitls  of  con- 
traols,  partnership,  ageiioy,  interest  and  itsurj-,  sale  of 

and  passengers,  inn-keepers,  real  eslate.  forme  of  bustneas- 

This  now  popular  biKtk  was  fttat  issued  a  liiile  oi-er  oii» 

Six  editions  have  been  SoliL 


portnnt  Consideration 

has  been  ejtnmioed  llioronghly  by  the 
t  ia  neatly   printed  and  hanilsomeljr 


College. 


Special  Kates  for  Inti-oduotioii. 

Single  copie«  sent  post-paid  lo  any  address  on  reueipt  ol 

""'""C.  E.  CARHART, 

lU-t.f.  Albany,  N.  Y. 

INVENTION! 

Universal  Shm-fh--'^!-'—  9,-?? -rr^raphy. 


mailed  you  on  receipt  ot  thirty  l-ceul  stamps. 

Send  stamp  for  "  Teachers'  Lial  of  Designs." 

>,0. 

p.  R.  Spbnckb,  Prin.  of  Penmanship  Department. 
No  TRcattons.                       Circulara  free.        8-31 

twelve  principle*  of  con 

Sentffreefortl.     tjlade 

Address,  or  coll  upon 

Shorthand  lostStatf 

tw  K|ii6t6riug  the  aiphatrat   an 
nts  taken.     Terms  on  oppllcatioii 

TEACHERS    WANTED. 

QTEEL  PENS  for  wird-wriliDg;  tht  6m(.  per  box  45  els. 
O  I  nsB  no  other  kiod.               L.  Mauarasz 

P.  O.  Box  8106.  New  York  City. 

ivlth  stamp  rnrapplicBt'on-form,   . 

O     lions  and  answere.    Eight  pages,  handsomely  bound. 
Penmanship  in  a  nutsbelL    Three  copies.  50  eents. 
10-11        Address                 C.  H.  PsiBCE,  Keotuki  Iowa 

EI.  SAWDER. 

Ottawa.  Canada. 

^'^\..^-.H-'^^:*l 


^^^r  ^*^^!f  ^~^ 


PI    HI  isin    7>    MON  I  MI  Y     Al     -i()5    HKO  M>\\  V^      I  OK   itl  <»o    PI  H    YI    \K 

J:..tmJ  at  tit  I .tl  OJi.e  ,/  A.-  York,  A.  1..  a ond  J-,s  n. 


NEW    YORK,    NOVEMBER.   1( 


Vol.  VI.— No.  11. 


Lessons  in  Practical  Writing. 


>  Position  and  Movements. 
—  We  have  long  considered  Dickens's  de- 
scription of  Sam  Woller  writiujj  a  "  Wal- 
eiitino"  to  Ilia  "Mary,  my  dear,"  as  the 
iKijipieat  thing  in  that  line  ever  publiahed  ; 
but  Dickons  has  been  outdime  by  one  of 
our  <»wn  ctmntrymen.  On  the  occasion  of  a 
jmblic  mooting,  recently  held  at  Geneva, 
Ohio,  t(i  take  measures  for  the  establish- 
ment of  a  "Piatt  U,  Spencer  Memorial 
Library  "  in  that  ohHrming  village,  tlijiSon.  - 
DariuB  Cadwell,  of  Cleveland,  addressed  the 
citiiiens.  Id  the  course  of  his  Address, 
speaking  of  his  own  attendance,  as  a  pupil, 
at  a  writing- school  taught  by  Piatt  It. 
Speueer,  in  Jefterrfon.  the  ciinty  seat  of 
Aslitabula  County,  Ohio,  in  1842,  in  the 
Imllroom  of  what  was  thou  called  the  Web- 
"tiT  lluuao,  he  said: 

1  -nppo8«  I  waa  jiisi  aliout  as  awkward  as 
ilir  niher  bnyii  and  youngsters  tlint  attended 
till'  fli'liool.  It  is  pBi-ffotly  wonderful  what  a 
(diiiM((e  can  be  wrought  in  an  awkward  fellow 
in  a  short  tiniB.  Just  think  of  it  i  A  boy  si t- 
tinjt  down  to  a  table  in  lus  chair  prepared  to 
•es  well  anchored  aroiiiid  the 
both  arms  aprnwli^d  out  upiiu 
clutchfd  ue  tight  io  lii^  Imiid 
lyh  he  expected  if  bi-  ehould  lose  liis  liuld 
>uld  be  instant  death  (r)  him,  and  the 
sw^tit  poiiriiiK  off  of  him.  Auaiii.  yon  see  his 
head  moving  this  way  and  that,  his  tougue  out. 
find  his  vai'H  raising  up  one  way  aud  llieu 
ilie  iitlier.  and  evury  part  of  hia  body  seeming 
111  fullow  the  motion  of  hia  pen.  It  is  very  hard 
w.irk.  11'  be  Bhould  happen  to  be  writing  a 
!"v.--letier,  what  a  labor  of  love  that  would  be. 
Hilt  under  the  instruction  of  Prof.  Spencer  how 
'«•<•»  all  th II  1>  vanished. 

What  a  graphic  description  of  how  not  to 
do  it  has  Judge  Cadwell  given  us ! 

Hf.view.— In  our  last  lesson  we  eom- 
plt'led  the  thirteen  short  lelters,  a,  c,  e,  i,  m, 
n,  o,  r,  s,  u,  u,  tv,  x.  Pass  the  correct 
I'TiiiH,  in  their  alphabetic  order,  in  mental 
n'vitw  if  you  would  fix  them  in  mind.  This 
■  l^^s  of  letters,  as  you  have  learned,  cousti- 
"iivs  the  body  of  your  writing,  and  should 
^  .V5  be  written  uniformly  aa  to  hight, 
lit  and  spacing,  and  be  j.iined  in  words  by 

yressive  movement  of  the  ft.roann  and 

il  from  left  to  right  across  the  page. 
I  HK  Semi-Extended  Letters— (,  d, 
/.  are  introduced  in  this  lesson.  They 
-lid,  as  to  hight  and  length,  midway 
lir^een  the  short  loiters,  aud  the  full  ex- 
I.  u.led  lotlere. 

It  would  be  well  to  rule  slanting  guide- 
lines to  uid  in  writing  this  lesson. 
lot  Copy  :  Movement— The  projective 


^aiC  ilov*ijcercise,Conipouiia.iiov? 


2=f-C.  Semi-EKtenaeai-ettsrs  7 

St*  C.  WordwiiUng  Mind  join-.:Kj  o£  ou  r 


and  retractive  action  of  the  forearm,  hand 
and  tingers,  combined,  becotnes  prominent  in 
proportion  to  the  lenyth  ot  the  strokes  exe- 
cuted. See  cut  of  Hand  aud  Pen,  designed  to 
illustrate  the  proper  movement  for  extended 


okes.     The  stn.kes  <.f  the 


opy  i 


1  hight. 


inch  in  length,  or  two  ruled  spai 

Strokes  might  also  be  made,  twice  as  long, 

thus  securing  additional  scope  of  movement. 

Shading,  properly  done,  adds  greatly  to 
the  attractiveness  c.f  writing. 

Test  the  action  of  your  pen  without  ink, 
by  pressing  it  squarely  upon  the  pappr  to 
spread  the  teeth,  then  move  it  downward  as 
you  would  to  make  a  slaTiting  straight  line, 
and  grudually  diminish  the  pressure  until 
the  teeth  close.  When  ink  is  in  the  pen, 
it  ilows  between  ihi-  teeth,  forming  width  of 
shade   corresponding   to    their    separation. 

'Observe  that  the  straight  strokes  of  the 
first  group  are  shaded  square  at  top,  aud 
taper  downward,  as  in  (  and  d,  and  the 
strokes  of  the  second  group  are  the  same  as 
the  first  inverted,  or  light  at  top  and  square 
at  base,  as  in  p  and  final  t.  In  the  third 
group  we  have  the  straight  line  and  eom- 
])ound  curve  cotnbined,  forming  the  fold  of 
small  q. 

Train,  perseveringly,  un  these  groups, 
making  the  strokes,  in  time,  as  regular  as 
the  tick  of  a  clock. 

2d  Copv :  Forms  op  Letters.— Study 
the  relation  of  t  to  i,  a  to  d,  n  lop,  of  final 
( to  p,  and  a  to  q.  See  how  the  short  letters 
form  the  basis  of  the  longer  ones. 

The  width  of  shade  in  (  and  d  at  top,  and 
p  and  final  t  at  base,  should  not  exceed  the 
width  of  three  light  downward  strokes 
drawn  side  by  side. 

Small  /.  What  is  its  hight,  width  ;  where 
its  cross;  how  broad  its  turnf  Name  and 
number  its  strokes.  How  long  is  the  first 
stroke  of  ( f  How  much  of  first  stroke  is 
visible  in  the  completed  letter  f  Practice  i 
and  (  alternately. 

Study  and  practice  rf,  p,  final  f  and  q,  ac- 
cording to  the  method  above  indicated. 
Pinal  t,  observe,  is  light  at  top,  shaded 
scjuaro  at  base,  and  has  one  stroke  less  than 
the  first  form.     Its  use  might  be  dispensed 


Tbe  OWiijue 

PeaBulilFr, 

Wliich  udjusli 

pwangkof 

Bitere.  U  l«l 

er  ndttpled  U 

Iho  strai«U(  L 

oWeri. 

with,  but  business- writers  find  it  very  con- 
venient; ii  is  therefore  taught. 

ad  Copy;  Words.— You  can  now  in- 
corporate the  semi-extended  letters  into 
yoijp'  handwriting  by  practice  upon  the 
words  of  this  copy.  When  you  begin  a 
word  with  /,  d,  or  q,  be  sure  to  have  the 
arm  and  hand  so  balanced  on  the  muscular 
rest  that  you  can  slide  promptly  away  and 
join  the  next  letter  without  any  hitch  or 
hesitation. 

To  trace  a  word,  naming  or  numbering 
the  strokes  iliroughout,  is  excellent  p-ac- 
tice,  before  writing  with  ink ;  it  helps  to 
secure  regularity  of  movement,  and  a  clear 
knowledge  of  successive  strokes.  Occasion- 
ally, try  left-hand  practice — the  right-hand 
practice  will  be  assisted  by  it. 

After  practicing  aud  criticizing  the  words 
of  the  copy  until  you  can  write  them  easily 
and  well,  other  wruds  containing  the  semi- 
extended  letters,  with  short  letters,  may  he 
practiced.  Ue  carelul  not  to  choose  words 
containing  letters  which  have  not  yet  been 
taught  iu  this  course  of  lessons.  Would 
suggest  such  words  as  the  following :  ate, 
date,  pant,  paint,  deep,  steep,  pump,  quote, 
pique,  equip,  quinque,  etc. 

As  you  write,  criticize  your  position,  the 
action  of  arm  and  hand,  the  size,  slant, 
spacing  aud  shading  of  your  words,  and 
give  yourself  due  credit  whenever  you  per- 
ceive that  you  have  improved  in  any  respect. 

Practice  upon  your  name  frequently,  and, 
occasionally,  with  loft-hand. 

Also  write  specimen  of  your  plain  pen- 
manship, and  compare  it  with  the  sample 
you  wrote  at  the  beginning  of  this  course. 


The  Mission  of  a  Newspaper- 
Wrapper. 
liY  Marv  t:.  Martin. 
The  sun  had  just  set,  and  the  work  about 
fanner  Mosby's  barn  was  over.    Great  heaps 
of  wheat  were  put   away,  and  twenty  tired 
men  were  wending  their  way  to  the  house. 
This  wa*  what  the  western  farmers  railed 
"neighboring."     When  the  wheat  was  all 
ready  to  be  threshed,  the  farmers,  for  miles 
around,  would  come  and  give  the  extra  help 
needed,  and  in  one  day  finish  the  work — 
each  helping  the  other:    showing  that  in 


this  cold  world  of  ours  not  all  the  milk  of 
human  kindness  was  quite  dried  up;  and 
this  mutual  dependence  was  a  close  bond 
between  them,  Does  not  this  come  nearer 
answering  the  question,  "  Who  is  my  neigh- 
bor?" than  the  bits  of  cardboard  Mrs. 
Jones  pushes  under  Mrs.  Brown's  door,  de- 
voutly hoping  sho  is  not  at  home,  or  those 
cards  brought  by  their  husbands  in  persoB 
on  New  Year's  ? 

Tweuty  tired  men  stood  before  the  pump, 
near  the  kitchen-door  of  farmer  Mosby's 
house.  They  wore  dusty  enough,  from 
working  in  the  wheat,  but  their  toileta  were 
soon  arranged  in  a  very  primitive  manner. 

"  Come,  Charlie,"  said  the  farmer,  "  lift 
the  end  of  that  trough,  and  pump  these  men 

The  young  man  did  as  he  waa  hidden, 
and  lifted  the  end  of  the  trough  where  the 
horses  usually  drank,  made  it  level,  and. 
then  pumped  the  trough  full  of  the  clear 
crystal  water.  The  men  bathed  their  hot 
faces,  washed  their  dusty  necks,  and  walked 
all  the  way  to  the  house  to  wipe  them  dry, 
there,  taking  titrus  at  the  >  udlosa  lung 
towel  OQ  tho  roller.  Thoee  who  wished, 
smoothed  their  hair  with  the  little  bita  of 
comb  stuck  under  the  single-panod  look- 
ing-glass in  the  kitchen. 

What  a  comic  sight  it  waa  to  Julia  Rey- 
nolds, as  she  lay  quietly  in  the  hammock 
beneath  the  trees  !  To  a  city  girl  who  has 
never  seen  this  primitive  way  of  arranging 
tho  toilet  it  seemed  part  of  a  play.  Charlie 
Moshy,  passing  near  the  hammock,  caught 
the  mirthful  look  on  Julia's  face,  aud  felt 
tnore  keenly  than  ever  how  little  of  the  re- 
finements of  life  they  had  on  the  farm.  Ue 
had  a  longing  for  things  dUI'erent,  even 
before  this  family  came  from  the  city,  to 
hoard  at  the  farm ;  but  since  their 
advent  it  had  seemed  intolerable.  Charlie 
would  never  make  a  farmer,  his  father  had 
said ;  and  it  never  seemed  truer  to  Charlie 
than  on  this  evening  when  he  let  down  the 
bars  and  went  into  the  milking,  aud  his 
thoughts  would  wander  back  to  the  trim, 
white-robed  figure  in  the  hammock,  and 
wondered  why  he  could  not  even  bo  con- 
tent with  the  drudgery  of  tho  farm  as  he 
once  had  been.  Only  that  day,  at  dinner — 
ho  mentally  ran  on  as  he  tnllked  —  he  had 
seen  JuHa  Eeyuohis  look  around  her  plate 
for  her  napkin,  and  he  could  not  repress  a 
smile  as  he  thought  that  there  had  never 
been  such  an  article  in  the  house. 

The  chores  were  over,  and  Charlie  Mosby 
took  his  pencil,  paper,  and  an  old  atlas,  and 
sat  down  at  the  far  end  of  the  kitchen- 
porch.  He  was  slowly  trying  to  copy 
something,  when  Julia  Keynolda,  passing 
behind  him,  saw  plainly  what  it  waa  —  a 
wrapper,  from  one  of  her  papers,  which  sho 
had  thrown  aside  that  morning.  As  the 
handwriting  was  beautiful  (Cousin  Will 
wrote  well)  she  did  not  wonder  that  the 
young  man  tried  to  copy  it ;  but  what  a 
hand  he  wrote  I  Was  there  anything  ever 
so  stiff  aud  awkward ! 

She  passed  on,  up  to  her  mother's  room, 
aud,  as  slie  entered,  said:  "Mother,  I  saw 
Charlie  Mosby  trying  to  improve  his  hand- 
writing by  copying  that  newspaper-wrapper 
Cousia  Will  seat.    Do  you  think  he  will  be 


ofTpnaicl   if  I  ftU 


tho: 


:  I  )>av. 


rith  I 


••  Xo,"  Mid  her  mother ;  "  I  An  ool  think 
th<-y  ar»  people  who  luke  offense  easily,  and 
ir  y«>ii  cHiid  do  anything  to  help  the  young 
mnn  it  would  be  »  bIpMiae-  There  is  little 
coooeh  io  hiB  life,  and  he  M^ms  radly-trnt 
of  plure  on  this  farin.  Not  that  I  do  not 
think  farming  io  just  fAe  thing  ;  but  it  does 
u'lt  finit  every  one." 

Julia  look  the  speoiineng,  and  went  down 
In  the  porch.  Young  Moflby  was  coiuterea'. 
ed  in  his  work  that  he  did  not  hear  her 
ciiiiiing,  and  looked  up  a  little  startled,  but 
(juirkly  recovered  himfelf. 

*'  I  could  not  help  seeing  what  you  were 
doing,  Mr.  Mosby,"  mjd  Julia,  "  and  I  have 
hrr)U(*ht  ym  some  specitnenB  wliinh  are  very 
finn." 


twilight   gloiimiug.   Julit 
Lvo  liy  the  yoiiug  man  huc 


Then,  in 
K.-ynnlda  »n 
cxplHined  h»iw  he  could  iuipn>ve.  Every 
fvu'mt:  found  them  ou  the  porch,  or,  when 
the  work  waa  done,  at  the  kitchen  table, 
with  their  writing.  The  youug  man  daily 
iiii|>ri>vi'd,  but  only  through  hard  work  ; 
tor  hi'  lind  lu  overcoiiie  innny  an  ubalade 
llmr  Iny  in  hiit  old  handwriting. 

It  wan  ai  the  clone  of  one  of  their  evening 
exerciie8.  and  Julia  was  tidliug  young  Mosby 
liow  f»i-  he  hud  <-xr(dli-rl  lier  Cousin  Will, 
and  «dded  :  *'  TImi  reminds  ine  that  C 
Will  will  bo  here  to- 
morrow to  (tpend  a 

few  days  with  us." 
Charlie  Mosby 

looked    up   quickly, 

htit  could  read  noth- 
ing in  the  well-bred 

face ;    but  wondered 

if  Cousin  Will  were 

m..ro  than  a  cousin 

to    her.     lie    said: 

'■Then   thi«  will  bo 

the  last  of  our  les- 

Houfl   together,  Mias 

J  alia  t" 

return  with  Cousin 
Will ;  papa  was  loo 
l>ii»y  to  come  for  us." 


the  light  spring  -  wagon,  and  both  inco 
jumped  in.  Mosby  drew  up  the  reins,  and 
the  horse  started  at  a  quick  pace. 

Will  Burgess  was  wannly  greeted  by  his 
relatives.  FTe  appeared  dir>posed  to  be 
rather  plt-asant  with  the  fanoily,  but  rather 
in  a  patronizing  way. 

What  was  to  be  done  with  Sunday?  was 
a  grave  question  of  the  inmates  of  the  farm 
house.  There  waa  no  service  at  the  meet- 
ing house  near,  so  it  was  finally  agreed  kbat 
the  young  people  should  go  to  a  Sunday- 
schrml,  a  few  miles  below  tbem.  Julia, 
coming  out  on  the  porch,  where  her  cousin 
was  smiiking,  said  :  "  What  do  you  think  of 
'  Wild-Cat '  Sunday-school  for  a  name, 
Cousin  Will?" 
*'  Oh,  it  is  your  fun,  Julia  ! " 
"  No,  I  assure  you,  this  Sunday-school 
where  we  are  going  is  called  'Wild-Cat' 
Sunday-school,  and  that  does  uot  seem  so 
odd  as  to  see  on  the  banner,  standing  by  the 
jmlpit,' Wild-Cat  Sabbath-school,' in  bright 
letters.  The  first  time  I  caw  it  1  could  not 
keep  in)r  eyes  away ;  but  before  service  was 
over,  I  thought  that  its  name  was  not  such 
a  tiiisuomer.  The  loys  at  the  end  of  the 
church  piled  the  benches  one  ou  another, 
and     were    juuaping    over    them     during 

Julia  Reynolds  arranged  that  they  should  ' 
ride   horseback — much   to   Will    Burgess's  i 


'What,  Aunt  Eunice,  and  live  like  he 


"  Yes,  Will,  he  has  made  it  all,  and  he 
expects  his  sod  to  work  just  as  hard  as  he 
does." 

Sirs.  Keynolds  succeeded  better  than  she 
at  first  thought  with  the  older  Mr.  Mosby. 
rie  coDsenied,  saying,  "He  might  as  well 
go;  for  fiinc^*  he  bus  taken  up  with  writing, 
I  don't  believe  he  will  do  much  else." 

Charlie  Mosby  went  hack  to  the  city  with 
the  Keynolds  family  and  Wilt  Burgess.  He 
entered  the  biisiness-coUege.and  felt  that  now 
he  was  in  his  right  element.  There  was  a 
stimulus  io  the  bustle  r)f  the  city  that  □•  rved 
bim  iij>  for  his  work.  His  handwritiug  was 
much  admired  in  the  college,  and  soon  at- 
tracted the  attention  of  the  first  talent  in 
the  city.  When  he  was  through  with  bis 
studies  hewas  «iffered  a  position  as  a  teacher 
in  the  same  college.  The  President,  as 
he  made  the  oflfer,  said;  "I  consider  you, 
M^  Mosby,  the  finest  writer,  for  your  age, 
iu  our  country ;  and  indeed,  iu  any  other 
country  you  would  be  looked  iijion  as  a 
prodigy  iu  writing." 

Chnrlie  Mosby  accepted  the  ofier.  His 
face  glowed  with  pleasure  at  the  praise.  As 
he  passed  out  from  the  presence  of  the 
President,  he  took  from  his  pocket  a  book 

(which  had  been  securely  put  away),  and      Mosby  sprang  up  from  the  taWe  and  said 
from  it  drew  out  a  torn  newspaper- wrapper,      "Will,  does  your  hand  give  you -so 

pain  as  that  f 


felt  a  deep  interest  io  his  sncees*.  One 
morning  Will  Burgess  wa«  driving  down- 
town on  his  way  to  the  Board  of  Trade. ' 
At  the  corner  of  one  of  the  principal  streets 
he  met  Charlie  Mosby.  "Goud  morning, 
Mosby.  are  yon  going  on  'Change!" 

'*  Yes,"  replied  Mosihy. 

"Well,  let  me  take  you  down." 

After  Charlie  Mosby  had  seated  him^elt 
in^he  phietou,  and  pulled  the  robe  comfort- 
ably around  him,  Will  Burgess  said:  "I 
wish  you  would  take  the  reins,  Mosby.  My 
wrist  is  giving  me  so  much  pain  that  I  did 
uot  know  what  I  should  do.  I  looked  iiptm 
it  as  a  special  providence  when  I  saw  you 
crossing  the  sireef.  You  see,  I  remembered 
how  well  you  used  to  manage  a  horse." 

"  Don't  you  think  you  are  out  too  soon 
with  that  sprained  wriat  f  "  fAu\  Mosby. 

"I  don't  doubt  but  I  am;  but  it  is  too 
irksome  to  stay  in  with  it." 

Charlie  Mosby  got  out  at  the  Board  of 
Trade,  fastened  the  horse,  promised  to  take 
Will  Burgess  back,  and  was  soon  ao  im- 
mersed in  businet-s  that  everything  eUe  was 
forgotten.  He  had  been  an  liour  in  the 
building  when  some  trivial  buijiness  took 
him  into  the  Secretary's  olBce.  He  had 
scarcely  taken  his  seat,  when  Will  Burgos 
came  in  with  his  face  so  white  thai  Charlie 


The 


tlDg 


put  away  for  the 
uiifht,  but  Julia  no- 
tired  thai  put  away 
with  the  finest  speci- 
mens was  the  torn 
newspaper  -wrapper. 

"Whiil  are  you 
saving  that  for,  Mr. 
Mosby  I  " 

"  Mut    for    that. 


MisH  Julia 


ould 


'ritiug 


iir-ver  have  been  attracted 
lie  added,  "  It  has  had  iK 
another  way." 

The  triiiu  that  was  to  bring  Cousin  Will 
Buryess  from  the  city  reached  the  little 
station,  two  miles  away,  at  nitjht;  so  it  fell 
to  Charlie  Mosby  to  go  for  him.  The  train 
WHS  late  that  night,  and  youug  Mosby  felt  a 
greater  repugnance  than  ever  to  bis  lot  hs 
bo  walked  back  and  forth,  wailing.  The 
grocery-store  was^lep.tt,  post  office,  and  store 
iu  ouu..  Two  coal-oil  lamps  iu  the  store 
lit  np  the  gloom  a  lillle.  but  only  threw 
II  darker  wbadow  ov*  tbiugs  at  a  distance. 
A  tallow  caiHlle  tlu-k-red  and  finred  on  the 
d.'^k  beU.w  the  tew  pig,M>n  holes  called  the 
po^t-ollice.  As  Charlie  Mosby  walked 
hack  and  forth  before  the  door,  the  talk  of 
the  farmer?,  in  a  loud  key.  grated  on  his  ear. 
Some  were  seated  on  the  counter,  olhers  on 
barrels,  nud  the  ludiiical  discussions  were 
loi.g  Hnd  loud.  Miwby  turned  with  a  sigh 
••i  r-lief  as  the  whistle  of  the  train  was 
h.Mrd.  U  came  panting;  Mopped;  then 
swept  away  agiiiu  into  the  darkness.  Ytmng 
MoKby  soon  saw  a  young  man  standing 
wleiv  the  Iniiu  hait  left  him.  11-  «p- 
pr^mehed.  and  atlted  if  this  w.is  not  Mr. 
Biiigcsn  r 

"  Ye^i,''  answered  the  ittraiiKer.  "  I  sup- 
pose yon  have  come  to  t«ke  me  to  Mr. 
Mosby 's  fiirui." 

Charlie    M»«.by  quivkly  brought    jirouud 


■It 


,  tha 


Mosby;  I  have  just 
'received  word  that 
my  uncle's  name  has 
been  forgwl  at  the 
First  Nation'l  Bank. 
I  have  attended  to 
all  hia  affairs  with 
that  bank,  and  they 
believe  me  to  have 
done  it.  I  can  prove 
that  this  Was  not 
written  by  myscdf; 
.  do  ir 


,  he- 


ifort,  for  he  knew  nothing  about  rid- 
ing, -ind  presented  a  very  ungraceful  figure 
as  he  lumped  up  and  down  in  his  saddle 
with  every  movement  of  the  horse.  Young 
Mosby  sat  well  ou  his  horse,  and  so  did 
JulJH  ;  but  contrast  the  two  men  ! 

The  ride  was  accomplished — mucS  to 
Julia's  eatisfacticm  at  least— and  they  were 
neariug  home,  when  JiiUh's horse  took  fright, 
reared,  and  would  have  thrown  her  (for 
Will  Bureess  was  perfectly  helpless  tu  aid 
her)  ;  but  young  Mosby  rode  quickly  to  the 
side  of  the  horse,  threw  one  arm  around 
JiiUh,  to  hold  her  iu  the  saddle,  and  then 
held  tightly  t'  the  reins  with  the  other 
hand  until  he  had  quieted  the  horse. 

"I  tell  you.  Aunt  Kuuice,  it  was  fitely 
done."  said  Will  Burgess,  when  talking 
witli  his  aunt  about  it  afterwards.  "  I  never 
admired  a  man  nmre  in  my  life.  Cau't  we 
get  him  to  go  to  the  city,  Aunt  Eunice  f 
Julia  has  been  showing  uie  his  pen-work, 
and  I  assure  you  it  is  superb.  1  have  uvvor 
seen  auythiug  Hlie  it.  I  thought  I  could  do 
very  well  at  it.  I  tell  you,  I  feel  rather 
humbled  since  I  saw  him  manage  that 
horse.  Julia  might  have  been  killed  but 
for  him." 

■  "I  will  talk  to  hia  father,"  said  Mrs. 
Keynolds.  There  is  no  reason  why  lie 
sbi'uld  not  attend  the  business- wd lego  in  our 
city.  His  father  is  worth  at  leadt  thi-ee 
hundred  thonsand."     * 


uuld   I 


have   had   your 
mhing 


and  mentally  said,  as  he  looked 
"A  prodigy  as  a  writer!  What 
have  been  tt>-day  but  for  you  I "  I: 
went  back  to  the  while-robed  figi 
in  the  hammock  under  the  trees, 
murmured  aloud  :  "  Yc 
mission  in  more  ways  thi 

Young  Mosby  went  on  with  his 
in  the  college.  His  fine  writing  soon  at- 
tracted to  him  many  friends,  and  he  became 
wo'l  knuwn  iu  the  ciry ;  his  mail  business 
soon  grew  large,  for  his  fame  as  a  writer 
went  all  over  the  country.  After  his  first 
year  of  teaching,  bis  business  ability  at- 
tra<!led  one  of  the  first  men  in  the  city,  and 
he  was  offered  a  piisition  bringing  him  in 
two  iliousatjd  iloUars  a  year,  besides  what 
oriiami'utal  and  other  pen-work  he  did. 

On  one  of  his  Sunday  visits  to  the  farm, 
aa  he  was  talking  over  his  good  fort  .ne 
with  his  father,  the  (jld  gentleman,  leaning 
back  iu  bis  cUair,  said;  "Charles,  I'm 
mighiy  glad,  for  I  am  goiug  to  tell  you  that 
I  felt  badly  over  you,  and  you  were  such  a 
good  son!  I  couldn't  bear  to  see  you  what 
I  call  trifling.  I  never  thought  you  wouhl 
make  much  money ;  but  I  declare,  1  believe 
you  will  make  more  money  with  joor  pen 
than  I  have  at  iny  hoe,  and  it's  a  much 
smaller  inairuuieut !  I  suppose  everybody 
has  their  cyilling." 

Charlie  Mobby's  visits  to  the  lieynolds 
family  had  been  always  pleasant,  aud  they 


I  ' 

this  very  ho 
fore  such  a  runn 
should  get  out 
Confound  Ih'  thin^ 
Mosby  !  If  I  go  t 
the  hank  u<(w,Icau 


with  this  wrist,  aud 
they  will  think  the 
whole  thing  is  a 
ruse.  I  haven't  evou 
a  scrap  of  paper 
that  I  could  ge'  any 

mine,  without  lot- 
ting the  thing  be 
known.  It  hurts  a  fellow  if  a  thing  like 
this  gets  out,  even  if  it  is  pmveu  false. 
What  am  I  to  do,  Mosby  ?  I  wouldn't  have 
a  rumor  of  ihia  kind  get  out  for  lhou8an<l8 
of  dollars ! " 

Charlie  Mosby  picked  up  his  hut  from 
the  table,  saying  :  *'  Come,  I  will  drive  you 
down  to  the  bank.  I  can  settle  this  attair 
quietly  for  you." 

"How  can  you,  Mosby  t 
scrap  of  my  writing.     I  ne\ 


I  life." 


haven't 


Charlie  Mosby  drew  a  book  from  his 
pocket,  and  from  it  the  torn  newnpHper- 
wrapper.  Holding  it  out  to  Will  Burgess, 
he  said  :  "  Do  you  recognize  that  f  " 

"  Yes,  it  is  my  hitudwritiug ;  but  where 
did  you  get  it,  aud  w  hy  do  you  cheriflli  it  so 
tenderly  f  " 

"We  will  go  to  the  hauk  firsthand  on 
our  way  home  I  will  tell  you." 

They  went  out  of  the  otfice  and  drove  to 
the  bank,  where  the  mailer  was  quietly 
settled.  Will  Burgess  went  at  ou.-e  to  find 
out  the  guilty  party,  whicli  he  did  iu  a  k-w 
days.  Ou  their  way  home  from  the  hank, 
Will  Burgess  waa  profuse  in  his  gratitude, 
but  added  :  "Do  you  know,  Moshy,  X  have 


the 


ble    de> 


kno' 


where   you   got   that  piece   of  uewspnper- 
wrapper  1 " 

Charlie  Mosby  dropped  the  reins  loosely, 
the  horse  settled  into  a  walk,  and  Mosby 


told  Will  Rurfc(>u  then  cf  bis  first  attempt 
to  improve  la  writiag,  uf  the  >ielp  that  Julia 
ftcyoblds  had  at  that  time  boeu  to  bim,  aod 
said :  "  I  irould  not  thiuk  of  paniog  witb 
that  piece  uf  paper.'' 

Will  RurgesA  looked  him  squarely  in  the 
face,  and  paid  :  "  Mosby,  yon  make  me  feel 
as  if  I  was  a  very  tnetrn  man.  I  am  the 
last  mao  that  other  men  situated  as  you  are 
would  have  helped  out  of  that  fix  I  wasio 
this  morotug.  Now,  I  am  going  to  make  a 
clean  breast  of  it.  I  have  tried  all  along  to 
make  yon  believe  I  was  engaged  to  my 
Cousin  Julia,  I  knew  you  thought  so  ;  but  I 
never  have  bi-eu.  I  asked  her  more  than 
once  to  bo  my  wife,  and  she  has  refused.  I 
askeil  her,  recently,  and  I  know  the  reason 
she  refused  me.  It  wa«  because  she  ex- 
pected you  to  ask  her  to  marry  you." 

Charlie  Mosby  laid  his  hand  heavily  on 
that  of  Will  Hnrgess,  and  said:  "Do  you 
really  believe  this  to  be  soT" 

"  I  know  it  to  be  so;  and  so  might  you  if 
you  did  not  have  euch  a  modest  opinion  of 
yourself  I " 

"Will  Bnrgess,  you  have  given  me  the 
first  gleam  of  hope  I  "—and  Mosby  drew  up 
the  reins;  Ihu  horse  started,  and  Will  Bur- 
gess soon  stood  on  his  own  door-step. 

Thai  evening  Charlie  Mosby  wont  to  the 
Keynoldn  nlHU^ion.  His  heart  beat  loud  as 
he  rang  the  door-bell.  "After  all,"  thought 
he,  "  what  if  Uurgess  was  mistaken."     As 


M(>sby,  and  placing  Julia's  hand  in  his,  she  ! 
said :  "  You  have  my  blessing.  Only  a  i 
mother  can  tell  what  it  is  to  give  up  a  I 
daughter;    but  I  can  safety  trust  her  with  I 


It  was  the  evening  before  the  wedding, 
and  Will  Burgess  had  been  going  the  round 
of  the  room  admiring  the  wedding  presents. 
Julia  held  up  her  arm  to  reach  something 
from  the  mantel.  "  What  is  that,  Julia^ 
is  that  a  preseulf"  taking  her  arm  and 
admiring  a  magnificent  bracelet.  From  it 
was  suspended  a  tiny  padlock  ;  she  t<iuched 
a  spring;  the. back  flew  ojien,  and  lying 
cjtiielly  in  its  hiding-place  was  the  scrap  of  '' 
the  newspaper- wrapper.  "  Charlie  inaki's 
uie  wear  it ;  and  I  always  shall !  "  she  said. 


rivalry  amung  those  who  spem  to  be  willing  to 
May  wh«rt?  and  an  they  are.  without  effort*  to 
reach  bigbvr  walki*  iu  life,  that  the  manager  of 
ihi^juuruul  offered  the  prizes.  If  feelings  of 
thai  nature  have  bet-n  planied  or  aruueed  in  the 
breast  of  anyclerku,  he  is  satisfied  at  the  result 
of  his  bumble  endeavors. 


All  the  specimens  exainined  were  on  the 
back-hand  sbipe,  and  chiefiy  after  the  style 
of  the  alphabet  published  in  connection  with 
our  lesson  No.  1 ;  several  others  were  after 
the  style  of  the  alphabet  given  with  lesson 
No.  II,  while  others  combined  the  two,  us- 
ing the  capitals  of  the  latter  and  the  small 
of  the  former. 


Lesson  IV. 
Box  and  Package  Marking. 
Bv  D.  T.  Ames. 
A  few  weeks  since,  Mr.  Andrew  Geyer, 
editor  of  Geytr's  Stattoner,  offered,  through 
his  paper,  prizes  of  $5,  $3,  and  $2,  respect- 
ively, for  the  three  best  specimens  of  rapid 
box-marking,  by   clerks  employed   iu   ihe 
stationery  trade  of  this  city.     On  October 
25th,  the  gentletnen  who  had  been  requested 
to  act  as  a  Comtnittee  of  Exatninatiun  and 
Award,  consisting  of  Messrs.  D.  T.  Ames, 


The  Prize  Speoimkn. 
Below  we  give  a  fac-simile  of  the  prize 
I  specimen,  the  oiigioal,  which  was  ^  .\  30 
inche.-,  was  a  very  fine  8pecin)en  of  rapid 
'  and  practical  tnarkiug,  and  is  here  presonted 
both  as  an  example  of  good  marking  and  as 
a  copy  for  practice  for  the  present  Icsson. 
The  stnall  letters  should  be  uuide  about  one 


be  takei 


hieli 


t.  Iu  practicing,  care  should 
make  strokes  smooth  and  of  a 
;gth  of  shade. 


of  Thk  Penman's  Art  Jour 


J.  E.   I  which 


Natural  Penmen. 

By  Prof.  H.  Bussel,  Joliel,  111. 
jiougtbe  tntiiiy  popular  fallacies  agaii 
Iters  of  penmanship  liave 


into  the 


him,  he  knew  that 
Will  was  right. 
Why  had  he  kept 
himself  tvaiting  so 
loug  f  Ho  «  as  suc- 
cessful in  his  suit, 
and,  standing  be- 
neath the  gaslight 
as  he  slipped  the  en- 
gagemeut-iing  on 
her  finger,  he  said : 
"Teirm«,  Julia, 
when  you  first  be- 
gan to  luve  me;  I 
aui  lieart  hungry  to 
know." 

"When  I  saw  you 
ou  iho  kitchen- 
porch,  trying  so  hard 
...  c,>|.j-  ,!,„,,  „eW8- 
I'»l"*'-»'f»l>ppr." 

"  It  liud  its  inia- 

lia,  and  I  have  kept 

we  must  gu  in  to  your  mother;  ehe  has 
becfu  my  best  friend  all  alnug." 

They  wei.t  across  the  hall,  and  into  the 
library,  wliere  Mrs.  Kpynolds  Bat  before  the 
lire,  readiijE  ;  she  did  not  hear  their  soft  fi.ot- 
sl«|>s  ou  III.,  thick  carpet.  Julia  halted  on 
the  edge  of  the  rug  before  the  lire— her  face 
dimpliiift  with  sioiles  as  she  l....k..d  at  her 
UL.ther.  Charlie  Mosby  stood  .piite  before 
her  AS  she  h>nke.l  up.  "  Why,  good  eveu- 
iu;;,  Charlie! "she  exclaimed.  "  You  look 
so  happy— have  you  coiue  to  tell  <.f  other 
successes  iu  writing  ?  " 

"  Yoii  could  not  have  expressed  it  better, 
Mrs.  Keynol.ls.  I  have  had  an  unexpected 
success  ;  but  there  is  one  thing  more  before 
I  reach  the  highest  point." 

"What  istiiat,  diaries  f" 

"  He  gravely  drew  out  the  torn  news- 


^ 


Cy3^ 


"Stc^vIL^^^ 


L  thic 


H-ered. 


uliaforsutrhahaudf" 
"  Ves;  but  what  does  that  lead  tot" 
Taking   Julia's    baud    in    his,  he  -e 


id  said: 
mbidextr 


nbitio 


"  Ah,  tioir  I  understand  you  I"  and  Mrs. 
i^  yiivldsaroso  hastily,  opened  her  arms  to 
'  ■i.HUghttT,  who  was  wailing  to  share  her 
a  touud  juy  with  her  mother.  Tears 
glistened  on  Mrs.  Keyn.dds's  cheeks.  When, 
after  holding  her  daughter  iu  a  tender  em- 
brace a  few  momeuis,  she  turned  to  Charlie 


Smith,  of  Ivison.  Blakeman,  Taylor  &  Co.; 
and  David  Wilson,  of  Wilson  Bros.  Toy 
Co.,  met  at  the  ofllce  of  Geijn's  Stationer, 
CD  Duane  Street. 

Although  the  uutnbcr  of  specimens  wai» 
not  as  large  as  was  expected,  there. were 
quite  a  respectable  number.  After  a  care- 
ful exatninatioB,  the^irsf  prize  was  awarded 
to  H.  J.  Tyndalo,  shipping  clerk  of  Eber- 
liard  Faber,  the  celebrated  pencil  manufac- 
turer. The  second  choice  was  given  to  a 
young  man  too  modest  to  make  himself 
known.  The  third  choice  fell  to  Ernest  H. 
Pezold,  with  Koch  Sons  &.  Co.,  of  WilliHin 
Street. 

To  the  report  of  the  Coininitice,  the 
editor  of  The  St^ttioncr  appropriately  -dds: 

The  hbipping-elerk  of  one  of  our  laryesl 
hcbool-buuk  houHen  lo»l  a  place  by  outrageouo 
cureless uetiu.  Thin  clerk  is  i-eully  one  of  tlie 
bust  and  luuttt  rapid  markers  lu  ihe  trade,  but 
the  sampler  forwarded  to  this  ullice  bad  iu  tbi  ee 
cases  to  be  looked  at  twice  before  the  conecl 
name  could  be  made  out  by  two  of  the  judgett 


:  this 


.  apt 


gi-oxv  on  one,  that  the  prixea  weie  offered. 
Hecause  u  iiiuu  is  only  shipping-clerk  to-day, 
there  is  uo  reason  wliy  lie  ithuidd  stay  att  u 
Bhipping-clerk  for  ever.  He  ahould  work  out 
ut'biB  poailiooiuto  something  larger  aud  better, 
and  to  do  thai  be  muttt  niHt>ter  bit*  preHeiit  posi- 
tion— he  most  bring  his  besi  elloiu*  to  bear  on 
every  deparlnieul  of  bis  trade.  To  mark  plmn- 
ly,  rapidly  and  correctly  is  one  of  ilie  most  ini- 
portaul  branches  of  a  young  clei-k'e  duties.  It 
wae  lo  Blimulate  the  umblliouB  to  Btil]  greater 
effort,  and  to  awakeu  u  feeling  of  imereai  and 


contend  is  that  exceedingly 
that    certain     persons    are    naturally    good 
writers,  while  others  are  doomed,  by  fate,  to 
be  bungling  scrawlers.     There  never  was  a 
more  foolish  and  absurd  notion.    That  some 
persons  learn  to  write  easier  than  others  is, 
of  course,  a  conceded  fact;  but  that  only  a 
few  So-called  natural  penmen  can  learn  to 
write, is  a  most  glaring  absurdity.  One  of  the 
most  accomplished  penmen  in  America,  to- 
day, has  olieu  told  me  that,  when  a  boy,  lie 
wa«  one  of  the  most  awkward  and  bungling 
writers  that  could  be  found,  but  it  was  his 
.love  for  the  art,  work,  and  faith  in  his  ulti- 
mate success,  that  gave  bim  hia  skill.     So 
it    had    been    with    our    popular    orators. 
"Oh,  he  is  9..ch  a  natural  orator  he  does 
not  need  any  ]ireparation  whatever!"  has 
uritu  lieeu  reuiarked  concerning  some  Hueut 
and  )iolished  debater.     Alas!  how  little  do 
peoule  making  such  remarks  know  of  the 
days,  months  and  years  of  bard  work  that 
such   an  a.compli^huu'ut   has  cost.      Who 
does  not  remt-inber  how  it  was  by  the  most  I 
incei^aut  and  heroic  lab..r  that  Uemr>sihene.s  ' 
bccaioe  the  tinest  orator  of  his  day  and  aK" !  I 
How    many    persons,    on    the    other    haml,  | 
have  admire<(    the   splendid     specimens   of  | 
peumausbip  and  tlourishiitg  which  emanated  \ 
from  tlie  peu  of  some  adept,  aud  remarked  I 
how  oaay  aud  graceful  were  his  lines ;  but  ! 
were  ho  to  tell  them  of  the  many  months' 
and  )  ears'  practice  it  *ook  to  enable  him  to 
ilo  iiiis.  the  credulity  uf  my  friend  who  be- 
lieves   ouly  in    natural    penmen    would    be 
somewhat  shaken.     Natural  penmen,  like 


nitural  orators,  are  for  the  most  part,  as  far 
as  iiiy  observation  has  extended,  self  made. 
The  fabled  Blarney  Stone  of  Ireland,  which 
confers  untold  oratorical  power  upon  a  per- 
son if  kissed,  according  to  ancient  tradition, 
is  DO  more  ridiculous  than  that  raysterioua 
Providence  which  coufers  such  marvelous 
powers  of  making  natural  pcoineu,  natural 
orators,  etc.,  upon  one  in  ten  thousand,  aud 
leaving  the  preposterous  idea  upon  the  pub- 
lic mind  that  it  is  utterly  impossible  for  any- 
one to  do  anything,  in  any  profession,  un- 
less specially  called  f(u-  such  work.  As  man 
is  tor  the  most  part  the  architect  of  his  own 
fortune, we  believe  that  energy,  industry,  aud 
a  deter  in  inat  ion  to  succeed,  have  made  all  the 
really  good  penmen.  1  contend,  therefore, 
that  every  person  who  is  willing  to  place 
himself  under  the  instruction  of  a  good 
teacher,  and  work  faithfully,  cau  learu  to 
write  as  well  as  to  read. 


"Questions   for  the   Readers  of 

the  'Journal' " 

Answered  bv  E.  K.  Isaacs. 

I.  "  Why  do  so  many  of  our  professional 

enmeu  lifi  the  pen  from  the  paper  from  two 

Ans. — Because  they  have  not  the  move- 
ment developed  suf- 
ficiently to  enable 
them  to  write  a 
whole  word  without 
(.'hanging  positiou 
of  paper  or  arm. 

2.  "  Is  the  posi- 
tion the  same  for  all 
kinds  of  blackboard 
workf" 

Ans. — Yes;  in  so 
far  aa  the  "kinds" 
of  work  admit  of  be- 
ing executed  ou  the 
same  part  of  the 
board. 

3.  "What  is  the 
base  of  all  good 
writingt" 

Ans.  —  A  clear 
conception  of  cor- 
rect forms,  together 
with  executive  abil- 
ity. 

4.  "Can  the 
standard  capitals  as 
used  in  copy-books 

of  our  leading  system!"  be  executed  well, 
with  a  purely  forfarin  movement  f" 

Ans. — Yes;  they  can  be  executed  well 
with  the  pure  forearm  moveinent ;  but  they 
can  be  e-Kecuted  better  and  far  easier  with 
the  forearm  movement  in  connection  with 
the  auxiliary  movement  of  the  fingers. 

5.  "Is  the  'Philosophy  of  Motion'  the 
same  iu  all  letters  t" 

.4)'S.— Yes. 

(i.  "  What  are  the  objects  gained  in  writ- 
ing forearm  t  '■ 

Ann. — Tlie  objects  gained  must  be  the 
objects  sought,  aud  the  uiaiu  object  in  prac- 
ticing forcaroi  r»r  any  other  movement  is  to 
develop  executive  ability. 

7.  "  Our  best  peuiiidi  take  otf  tlie  hand 
after  making  tlic  iuu-oductory  line  to  a,  d,  g 
aud  q.  Why  do  the  learling  systems  tcacb 
ditt'ereuilyf" 

^n.<t.— This  would  iuiplv  that  the  authors 
of  our  leadiug  systems  are  nut  among  our 
beat  penmen,  or  that  they  teach  what  they 
do  not  practice.  Many  of  our  best  penmen 
do  not  take  thu  pen  oil'  after  making  i<aid 
introductory  line  ;  and  it  is  not  necessary  to 
do  BO  iu  or  fer  to  make  those  letters  well,  or 
to  b"^  classed  with  our  bei>t  peniiieu. 

8.  "  Wbitt  la  the  earliecl  age  of  develop- 

Ans. — The  time  the  pupil  begins  to  ]frac- 
ticc  with  pen  and  ink. 

9.  "  Why  is  the  o  part  of  a,  d,  g  and  q  on 
a  greater  slant  than  the  v  pioperf  "* 

Ans, — To  prevent  retraeiug  its  right  side 
with  the  straight  line  following. 


■'^LtJ 


10.  "  For  beglDDere,  is  wholearm  easier 
than  forearm  f 

Ann. — Yea ;  bot  accordinc;  to  yoar  "  Nat- 
ural Penman  theory"  il  is  DstiirHl  to  An 
wrong  before  gaioiug  the  riyht.  We  all 
know  it  is  "  Datnral "  for  a  begioner  to  elide 
the  wholeann  wh©D  first  tryiog  to  develop 
the  moscular  movement.  But  coDsidering 
the  fact  that  the  muscular  inovoinenl 
(which  meaoB  the  actinn  of  the  forearui  in 
oonnemion  with  the  auxilliary  and  eubordi- 
DHto  action  of  the  thumb  and  ]  en-fingere)  is 
far  Buperior  to  the  wholearm  movement  fur 
a]I  orWinary  purposes,  why  teach  the  whole- 
arm  f  Why  train  them  iu  a  way  which  Ihey 
are  ont  likely  to  got  Why  teach  tlieni 
Boiiiething  that  the  large  majority  will  not 
praclioe  when  they  go  out  into  the  world? 

11.  "  What  should  be  the  dircctioo  of  the 
fioishing  point  or  dot  of  b,  s,  v,  to,  and  by 
what  18  it  determined  t" 

^ws.— A  "point"  or  "dot"  iu  ilswlf, 
whether  finishing  or  otherwise,  can  havo  no 
<lirection ;  hence,  what  this  question  means 
will  have  to  be  asked  agiiiu. 

12.  "  Should  punctuation  murks,  as  a 
rule,  be  mHi'e  the  same  in  script  as  in  priutt' 

Ana.  —  Yea;  the  period,  colon,  Berni- 
colon,  and  the  exclamation  and  inlerrogHtioi 
iriarkM  should  be  written  very  much  tht 
K»me  as  in  print.  But  the  comma,  apostro- 
phe, and  ((uotatioD  marks,  wbicb,  in  print, 


nay  be    said 


'  tailed  "  periods, 


Biiiall,  stmigbt  mark,  with  decrewsing  shade, 
rcHcmbling  a  miniature  t  stroke. 

13.  "  How  is  punctuation  generally  prac- 
ticed by  busiucss-meD?" 

Ans- — Very  indilterently. 

14.  "What  usually  represents  the  great- 
est number  of  punctuation.niarkat " 

^n«.— The  comma. 

I.'j.  "  When  (  precedes  ft,  wh.»t  objection 
is  there  to  crossing  the  (f  " 

vlns.— None. 

l(i.  "Should  the  /,  o  and  one  style  of /y 
Jinisli  with  dot  or  loop  or  merely  by  joining 
iu  the  simplest  posaible  manner  f"- 

Ans. — Either  way. 

17.  "Why  are  so  many  of  our  leading 
pi'unien  not  willing  to  say  a  say  through 
the  columns  of  the  Journal  t " 

Alts. — I  think  ,ill  of  our  loadiug  penmen 
wrt*,  at  difterent  times,  having  more  or  less 
of  a  "say"  through  the  Journal,  and  al- 
though it  would  be  desirable  tu  bear  from 
iliem  oftener,  yet  it  is  possible  that  they  are 
afraid  of  overdoing  the  thing.  It  is  a  fact, 
liowever,  that  some  of  our/MM(  penman  are 
ji  radically  extinct. 

Educational  Notes. 

[ComuiuDicatioiiK  for  ihitt  Department  may 
bf  addreHsed  to  IJ.  F.  Kellbv,305  Broadway, 
New  York.     Brief  educational  itemn  Boliciled.j 

Harvard  has  a  Freshman  Class  of  290,  the 
largest  iu  its  history. 

The  oldest  educational  institution  iu  the 
couutry  is  the  Boston  Latin  School. 

There  are  said  to  be  nearly  300,000 
children    iu   Kentucky   who   never  attend 

Waabington  University,  at  St.  Louis.  ha.« 
l.2S(i  students  and  80  professors.— JV.  0. 
Christian  Advocate. 

The  school  atiendauce  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
is  1 4,rm  ;  the  number  of  teachers  employed, 
iiiJO.— Christian  Advocate. 

The  evening  high  school  of  Boston  has 
an  attendance  of  800  pupils  j  forty  per  cent, 
t'f  these  are  young  women. 

Strasburg  University  has  a  library  of 
424,000  v.dume*,  although  it  was  founded 
only  ten  years  agu.^Western  Ed.  Journal. 

Leading  College  Endowment-  I  —  Col- 
umbia, $5,a00,()0U;  Harvard,  $!(0;j,(H)0; 
Johns  Hopkins,  $3,500,000;  Yale,  81,- 
.100,000. 

The  English  schools  have  largely  iutn>- 
duced.tlie  miliury  drill  as  a  ineaua  of  exer- 
cise. It  is  taught  to  all  the  boys  iu  1,17*2 
schools— irestem  Ed.  Jounuii 


One-half  of  the  institutions  of  the  United 
Slates  professing  to  give  uni^-ersily  educa- 
tion, and  confer  degrece,  now  admit  womeu 
OD  equal  terms  with  men. — Household 
Guest  Magazine. 

"Those  girls  who  break  down  in  the 
public  schools  are  not,  usually,  the  ■■nes 
who  get  up  in  the  morning  and  make  tbeir 
own  beds,  dost  their  rooms  and  help  wash 
dishes." — Boston  Traveler. 

"Uncle,"  imid  Matthew  Vassar's  dying 
niece,  "  do  something  for  women."  This 
was  the  seed  from  wbicb  sprung  Vassar 
College,  one  of  the  noMest  benevtdent 
enterprises  in  the  world. — N.  0.  Christian 
Advocate. 

In  the  course  of  a  recent  discussion  in  St. 
Louis  on  school  discipline  one  speaker  de- 
precated the  usual  death-like  stilluess  oflhe 
schoolroom,  a8.<erting  that  he  had  found 
the  rooms  having  a  business-like  buzz  do- 
ing the  best  work. — N.  Y.  Tribune. 

In  a  single  school  at  Charleston,  S.  C  , 
there  are  l,400Degrocbild!eD.  Theteai-heis 
are  all  white — the  priucipal  is  a  man,  and 
the  other  teachers  are  women,  many  of  them 
ladies  of  great  rotiueinent,  themselves  once 
misiresses  of  slaves,  whom  necessity  has 
compelled  to  seek  employment. —  HoMJfi 
Gem. 

In  1850  the  populati-m  of  Vermont  was 
314,000  ami  there  were  0!),nO  children  iu 
tli«  public  schools.  This  year,  with  a  popu 
latiou  of  3;«,000,  there  are  only  74,000  iu 
the  schools.  The  constant  decrease  iu  at- 
tendance hrts  been  accompanied  by  an  in- 
crease in  the  expenditares.  The  State  Super- 
intendent declares  that  the  work  of  the 
schools  is  not  satisfactory  :  and  it  has  heeu 


Ithu 


on  be 


formed  for  a  thorough  investigation  iifthe 
matter,  the  result  to  be  couimuuicated  To 
the  Legislature  at  its  next  session. — JV.  Y. 
Tribune. 

Some  curious  statistics  have  been  publish- 
ed, showing  the  number  of  children  who 
attend  schools  iu  the  various  nalious  of  the 
world.  The  United  States  heads  the  list, 
haviug  .^,373.000  pupils  attending  school. 
England  and  Wales,  with  less  than  halt  of 
our  population,  have  3,710,0(10  children 
studying.  Ireland,  with  a  populatjou  of  5,- 
000,000,  has  1,131,000  scholars.  France, 
with  a  population  of  33,000,000  has  4,7IU.- 
000  children  at  school.  Russia,  with  its 
t(0,OUO,000,  has  only  1,218,00  {uipils  in 
schools,  and  the  education  most  of  these  get 
is  nominal.  Prussia  has  over  4,000,000 
pupils  in  its  schools-  Greece  and  Switzer- 
land have  relatively  niore  children  in  the 
schools  llian  auy  nation  that  furnishes 
statistics. — Bouse  and  Home. 


Educational  Fancies. 


If  one  dog  c 


in  be  placet 
bo  placed  l 


I  trade  dollar/ 


il    teacher    asked   what 
Tile  spring 


A    Suuday' 
animal  Adam   first  named.     '-The  i 
ehioheu,"  answered  the  small  boy  from  the 
boardiQg-house. 

Some  of  the  Faculty  at  Yab-  reserve  the 
right  of  marking  lower  than  zero,  by  means 
of  minus  signs,  when  the  ignorance  exhibit- 
ed by  the  students  is  too  abysmal. — Oherlin 
Review. 

Student  (translating) :  And— er— then-  - 
er — then— er— he — er — wem— iiiid — er 

The  class  laugli. 

Professor:  Don't  lauyh,  geuiiu.ien;  to 
err  is  human. 

A  Cambridge  (Mass.)  man  arrived  in  a 
fnmticr  village,  recently,  ju&t  as  a  gang  of 
cowboys  "bad  taken  the  tottn."  His  ti rut 
exclamatiou  was,  "  Have  you  folks  a  col- 
lege here  already  I " 

Arithmetic.  —  James  and  Henry  go 
fishing  and  agree  to  divide.  James  has  two 
nibbles  and  a  bite  from  a  dog,  and  Henry 
gets  two  duckings  and  loses  a  twelve-shil- 
ling bat.     What  is  the  sbare  of  each  f 


father  for  some  money  to  buy  books.  The 
father  promptly  replied  ;  "  I  sha'n'teive  you 
money  to  throw  away  on  books.  You  don't 
need  ibem.  I've  been  through  college  my- 
self." 

"  Pa,  are  we  eoiug  to  have  any  girl— 
vanized  iron  on  our  new  boufef"  "Any 
w-wliat  t "  "  Auy  girlvauized  iron  t " 
"  Galvanized,  you  mean,  don't  you ! " 
"  Yes,  pa,  but  teacher  bays  we  mustn't  say 
gal;  it's  girl." 

A  teacher  scolded  one  of  bis  pupils  for 
playing  upon  the  steps  of  a  church,  the  pas- 
tor of  which  bad  not  yet  returned  from  his 
vacation.  '"Do  you  know,"  said  the  teacher, 
"whose  house  that  is?"  "'  Y'es,  air,"  said 
the  little  girl,  "it's  God*s  house,  but  He 
aint  in,  and  the  agent's  gone  to  Europe." 

She:  "This  is  a  pretty  hour  of  the  night 
for  you  to  come  home  after  you  promised 
me  to  be  home  at  a  quarter  of  12.  You  are 
the  biggest  liar  in  Austin."  He  (pointing 
to  the  clock):  "  Well,  ain't  3  a  quarter  of 
12  f  It  ain't  my  fault  you  don't  know  arith- 
metic.*'— Texas  Siftings. 

"  I'm  not  very  proud  of  your  progress  in 
school,"  remarked  a  New  Haven  mother  to 
her  sou,  who  was  struggling  along  in  grade 
five.    "  There's  Charlie  Smart  is  v»ay  ahead 


you. 


jd  he 


1  old.' 


A  college  student 


hou: 


bis  . 


Teacher  said  heM  learned  all  there  was  to 
learn  in  my  room,  and  that  left  me  without 
anjthing  to  learu."   . 

A  boy  paid  his  first  visit  to  one  of  the 
public  schools  the  other  day  as  a  scholar, 
and  as  he  caim-  home  at  nij^ht  his  mother 
inquired:  "Well,  Henry,  how  do  you  like 
going  to  school?"  "  Bully,"  he  replied,  iu 
excited  voice.  "  I  saw  four  boys  licked,  one 
fiirl  get  her  ear  pulled,  and  a  big  scholar 
burned    bis  elbow  on  the  stove.      I   don't 

The  following  dialogue  took  place  in  a 
certiiin  well-known  theological  ctdlege : 
Professor  (loquitur) :  "  You  are  the  greatest 
dunce  I  ever  met  with.  Now,  I  don't  be- 
lieve that  you  could  repeat  to  me  two  texts 
of  Scripture  correctly."  Student  (in  reply): 
"Yes,  I  can."  Professor:  "Well  do  it." 
Student)  feelingly  and  with  much  thought- 
ful consideration) ;  "He  departed  and  went 
and  hanged  himself."  Pause.  "  Go  thou 
and  do  likewise." 

A  certaiu  parson,  who  is  also  a  school- 
tea'^her,  handed  a  problem  to  his  class  in 
mathematics  the  other  day.  The  first  boy 
took  it,  looked  at  it  a  while  and  said,  "  I 
pass."  Seconil  boy  took  it  and  said,  "  I 
turn  it  down.''  The  third  boy  took  it,  stared 
at  it  awhile,  and  drawled  out,  "  I  can't  make 
it."  "Very  good,  boys,"  said  the  parson, 
"  we  will  cut  for  a  new  deal."  And  the 
switch  danced  like  lightning  over  the 
sbiinldflrs  of  those  Jepraved  young  mathe- 
maticians.—JV.  W.  Trade  Bulletion. 

Mr.  Wright  went  out  to  fish. 

And  he  became  a  Wriybt  augler. 

He  thought  he  would  try  and  latch  a 
shark. 

And  became  a  try  angler. 

He  laughed  to  think  bow  smart  be  was. 

And  he  became  a  cute  angler. 

But  he  did  not  see  the  shark  with  its  nose 
under  the  stern  of  his  craft. 

He  was  such  an  obtuse  augler. 

Until  the  creature  tipped  over  his  boat. 

When  he  became  a  wrecked  angler.— 
Whitehall  Time.'i. 

The   "  Peircerian  '*    Method   of 

Instruction. 
Its  Api'Licatkin  in  Puhlic  .Schools. 

Continued. — Article  V. 

For  several  lessons  the  main  portion  of 
the  class  have  beeu  writing  the  copies  of  No. 
4,  Programme  "  A." 

Don't  forget  the  stragglers ! 

Some  are  working  on  No.  I,  while  others 
are  occupied  with  2  and  3.  This  is  the  nat- 
ural course  of  events,  and  you  could  not 


prevent  it  if  you  would ;  and  when  you 
thoroughly  understand  the  work,  you  would 
not,  if  yon  could. 

Don't  forget  to  practice  figures,  from 
tbrei'  to  five  minutes,  at  the  close  of  each 
recitati^^ 

Attention  was  called  to  this  in  the  July 
Journal.  The  object,  is,  to  keep  up  good 
form  and  gaiu  all  the  .speed  possible. 

Id  a  future  article  I  purpose  stating,  at 
length,  "The  Methods  of  Teachiug  Fig- 
ures," that  will  ultimately  determine  the 
best  po.'isible  results  in  all  departments  of 
penmausbip. 

For  the  first  liiue  I  call  atteutiou  to  ilie 
words  used  in  this  copy — a  selection  I  deem 
very  valuable, and  oue  which  will  thoroughly 
cure,  if  properly  presented,  any  inaccuracies 
in  the  comhiualiou  of  short  letters. 

There  are  two  ways  iu  which  letters  are 
joiued  or  combined.  First,  and  easiest:  In 
going  from  the  base  to  tbo  top  of  a  letter, 
as  in  the  word  "  m."  Second:  In  going 
from  the  top  to  the  top,  as  in  *'on.*' 

Now,  the  average  child  will  not  join 
words  of  this  kind  correctly  without  the 
proper  inslrucliou,  which,  however,  dealt 
with  as  a  specialty,  will  soon  cure  the  worst 

I  would  scorn  to  cast  any  refiection^  upcm 
any  recognized  "  Staudard  System,"  but  I 
am  forced  to  say  that  a  large  perceutage  of 
ecbuol  children  write  words  iucorrectly,  I'ke 


letter 


long  letters,  like  '*  been,  bring,  boom,  bor- 
row, buy,"  etc.,  and  there  is  uo  special 
remedy  given  tu  correct  it. 

As  proof  of  my  statement,  \m,  all  who 
read  this  have  pupils  of  the  first,  scsoud, 
third,  fourth,  aud  even  higher  grades,  write 
these  Words,  and  uote  the  percentage  of 
failures.  Then  refer  to  auy  leading  system 
for  the  remedy. 

This  is  my  candid  opinion  and  belief — 
the  resolt  of  wide  experience. 

Nothing  would  give  me  more  pleasure 
than  to  hear  the  results  of  a  fair  aud  impar- 
tial trial  from  all  llm  teachere,  iioth  profes- 
sional and  otherwise,  of  this,  "  Uuited  Dec- 
laration of  ludepeudeuce,"  cither  for  or 
against  my  statement. 

Ktmark:  A  report  of  the  sam*;  will  a|)peai' 
iu  the  cohmiue  of  the  Journal. 

Presuuiing,  now,  that  the  proper  care  and 
have  beeu  given  to  this  class  of 
rds,  the  more  advanced  can   now  write 
any  aud  all  words  without  a  ct)py. 

Indeed,  if  I  may  be  allowed  a  little  self- 
praise,  oue  of  the  prominent  points  claimed 
for  the  Peireerian  System  is,  the  proficiency 
atlaiued  iu  each  part  of  the  class  work, 
together  with  a  thorough  proparaliou  for 
that  which  is  to  follow. 

Up  to  this  writiug,  there  has  beeu  noth- 
ing said  of  how  much  work  should  be  accom- 
plished by  children  iu  their  first,  sccoud, 
third,  fourth,  etc.,  school  year. 

Siillice  it  to  say  that,  by  the  "  Peirceriau 
Method,"  each  pupil  caa  go  as  far  as  bis 
ability  will  allow,  and  is  always  encouraged 
to  do  his  best. 

In  the  second  grade,  the  very  same  work, 
with  lead-pencils  and  double-line  books, 
should  be  given,  as  in  the  first,  demanding 
better  results.  Time  for  lesson,  twenty  to 
twenty-five  minutes. 

Iu  the  third  grade,  single-line  books  aud 
lead- pencils. 

In  the  fourth  grade,  double  or  single,  as 
the  Ciise  demands,  with  iuk  and  medium- 
pointed  pen. 

In  the  fifth  grade,  single- line  books  and 
Sue  pen,  like  Speucerian  No.  I,  ur  117  P. 
D.  &,S. 

Sixth  grade,  same,  and  so  on. 
It  is  presumed  that  all  work  will  be  well 
done  with  a  lead-pencil  before  attemjiting 
with  a  pen,  and  that  all  of  Programme  "A'' 
to  No.  y  inclusive  —  proper  names- can  be 
executed  intelligently  with  a  lead-peucil  by 
the  average  child  that  has  been  iu  school 
from  fi%'e  and  six  to  eight  years. 

If  any  can  do  more  than  this,  let  it  be 


'S'JJJi  J^^ 


:^j*^^ 


It  auj  do  leu,  the  method  will  Dot  be 
fonnd  wanting. 

As  the  pupils  ndvaDO«  rrnm  double  to 
{iiDgle  liDee,  care  must  be  luken  nut  tn  loitc 
the  prnportiou  of  lettore ;  aud  1  caution 
tenrhcrs  to  ^i»rd  against  ao;  carelessnese 
(.11  the  part  of  pupils. 

Cztrn  r-are  should  be  lakeu  tu  making 
the  change  from  slate  to  lead  pencils,  from 
lead-pencils  to  coarse  or  inediutn  pens,  and 
from  these  to  fine  pens. 

A  short  sermon  might  do  a  great  deal  of 
good  here.     I  withhold  it  for  the  prrsent. 

I  will  content  mynclf  t«.  conclude  this 
articl«  hy  referriog  the  readers  to  a  short 
article  in  the  July  m-mher  of  the  Journal, 
li.H.lfd,  "A  Short  General  Outline  of  the 
I'nigramrr.e  Plan,"  iu  which  it  briefly  utatea 
iliut  movement,  both  wholeanii  and  fore- 
arm, can  be  taueht  pupils  of  from  ten  to 
twelve  years,  and  upward — the  former  be- 
ing the  cxceptiuD.  This  being  the  caee,  a 
very  larcc  field  is  now  opened  ap  in  which 
the  buuodary  is  undefiued. 

The  eoneluxion  is,  simply,  that  when  the 
work  of  Programme  "A"1ias  been  properly 
done  by  the  average  pupil  id  the  time  usu- 
ally allotted  each  day,  that  he  has  reached 
tliHt  age  when,  by  a  more  skillful  method, 
he  will  be  enabled  to  perform  the  same 
work;  I.  e.,  the  development  of  muscle 
comes  when  ne.  ded,  the  same  as  the  de- 
velopment of  mind. 

Were  it  possible  to  teach 
M'liolearm  and  forearm  ! 
first  to  children,  it  would 
not  be  desirable,  because 
the  forms  of  letters  must 
be  Id  the  mind  before  they  i 
can  be  produced  on  pnper, 
and  this  is  as  readily  ac- 
complished by  the  natural 
method. 

It  might  be  well,  per- 
haps, for  those  following 
me,  to  note  my  purpose 
and  the  object  gained  by 
producing,  alternately,  the 
two  subjects,  viz:  "The 
Explanation  of  Pro- 
graTnmes,"and  "The  Peir- 
cerian  Method  of  Instruc- 
tion—  Its  Applicatiou  iu 
Public  Schools." 

We  will  now  sujipoeo 
that  the  leaders  of  the  class 
in  the  first  grade,  or  any 
grade,  are  ready  to  begin 

No.  5  — Extended  letters      

iu  Pr.tgramme  "  A." 

C.  H.  Peircb, 
(To  he  contimied.) 


The  Literary  Value  ot  Good  Pen- 
manship. 
Bv  Paul  Pastndr. 
When  we  take  into  cousideration  the  high 
status  and  peculiar  advantages  of  literature 
as  a  profession,  it  becomes  a  matter  of  sur- 
prise to  us  that  Sf  few  young  meu  and 
Women,  naturally  (pialificd  for  such  a  pur- 
suit, apply  their  talents  to  this  class  of  labor. 
Not  long  ago,  a  brilliant  English  essayist 
published  an  article  upon  this  subjeoj,  which 
was  read  with  interest,  and  some  surprise, 
throughout  the  English  speaking  world. 
In  this  paper,  Mr.  Jam's  I'nyu  advaueed, 
in  a  clear  and  sen>>ihle  wwy,  the  claims  of 
literature  as  a  profession,  and  urged  upon 
young  men  of  good  iutcllectual  abilities  iind 
!ilnTiil  education  the  feasibility  aud  the  pro- 
tlmlileness  of  devoting  their  attainments 
eu'irely  to  the  professiou  u(  letters.  He 
deplt.red  the  fact  that  so  many  of  the  lite- 
rary men  of  the  day  Mrile  merely  for  pasi- 
lime,  or  as  an  emplojmeut  otl'settiug  an 
auxiliary  to  regular  work  of  a  more  exacting 
nature.  He  declared  thai  there  was  no  foun- 
dHtiim  for  the  excuse  tha^  literature  in  itaelf 
was  not  sufficiently  remunerative  to  wa-raut 
a  uuui's  giving  his  whole  time  and  talents  to 
it.  He  showed  what  enormous  quantities 
of  orignal  matter  were  demanded  aud  dis- 
posed of  day  by  day  by  the  thousands  of 
jouroals  published  in  the  English  tongue — 


matter  of  all  kindu  and  quality,  suited  to  the 
prodaclive  capacities  of  every  well-educated 
and  naturally  observant  mind. 

Argnrneuts  such  as  he  advanced  may  be 
repeated  aud  emphasized,  with  equal  and 
even  with  greater  lorce  to-day  than  wheu 
the  article  was  written.  And  yet  there  are 
pn. portion  ally  »8  few  of  distinctive  literary 
ability  who  devote  themselves  to  the  pro- 
fession of  letters  as  there  ever  was.  The  fact 
is,  it  needs  something  more  than  mere  in- 
tellectual fitnesb  to  win  succe^^s  as  a  writer. 
Few  as  may  seem  to  be  the  distinctive  re- 
quirements of  a  literary  uian,  simple  and 
generic  as  may  bo  the  branches  of  knowl- 
edge which  euter  into  his  apprcDticesliip, 
he  is  not  fully  equipped  for  his  profession 
until  he  has  undergone  a  certain  practi- 
cal initiative  into  its  mysteries.  He  will 
learn,  after  a  few  years'  patieut  trial,  the 
things  —  many  of  them  small  and  iucon- 
sideralde  in  the  seeming — which  go  to  make 
up  the  stock  in  trade  of  the  successful  literary 
worker.  And  one  of  the  very  first  lessons 
he  Ivill  learu  is,  that  of  the  literary  value  of 
good  penmanship.  In  theory,  of  couri^e, 
this  factor  will  not  be  accounted  for  at  all. 
Mr.  Payn  says  nothing  about  it.  It  is  a 
consideration  which  seldom  enters  into  the 
mind  of  the  youthful  aspiraut  himself.  But 
gradually,  with  the  return  of  innumerable 
manuscripts,  apparently  unread,  or  dismi-sed 
with  a  hasty  glance,  the  writer  will  corn- 


go  into  the  wast^-basket  than  a  much  more 
meritorious  productiim  written  id  a  slovenly 


and  hasty  i 
to  the  eye  i 

a  badly  tast 
able  to  the  s 

the  rest  of 


'*  Much,  sir,  I  hope." 
"Very  good;  if  not,  I  will  punish  you 
lire  than  ever  man  was  punished." 
"  I  have  been,"  said  the  soldier,  "  about 
t  weeks  on  the  march.  I  have  no  Biblo 
Common  Prayer-book ;  I  have  nothing 
mortal,  like  but  a  pack  of  cards,  and  I  hopo  to  satisfy 
[|  apt  to  be  prepossessed,      your  Worship  of  tho   parity  of  my  inten- 


Tbat  which  is  ofleuaive 
;  not  likely  to  recommend  itseli 
'ss  to  the  mind  any  more  thau  is 
ng  morsel  likely  to  prove  agree 


.vith  all  ; 


unfavorably,  in  the  same 
Dealing  every  day,  as  they  do, 
arts  of  manuscript,  they  naturally 
become,  in  some  sense,  connoittseurs  of  writ- 
ings. Manuscripts  are  their  specialty,  aud 
it  would  he  strange  if  they  did  not  take  a 
thi  rough  interest  iu  them  aud  become 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  them.  Place  a 
daub  before  a  connoisseui:  of  painting,  and 
although  the  conceptiou  and  idea  of  the  pic- 
ture may  he  good,  ho  will  push  it  from  him 
in  disgust.  Just  so  w^th  the  editor:  he,  too, 
has  an  artistic  taste.  Part  of  his  dealing  is 
with  symbols,  and  he  leains  to  respect  and 
admire  them  for  themselves,  as  well  as  for 
what  they  represent-  A  well  written  manu- 
script recommends  itself  to  him  before  the 
first  sentence  has  been  read;  and  the  value 
of  first  impressions  has  passed  into  proverb. 
TlioD,  too,  a  well  writteu  article  has  more 
thau  an  jcathelic  value.  The  fact  of  its  be- 
ing legible  and  clear  has  a  bearing  upon  its 
availability  for  print.  Timeismouey;  and 
a  literary  production  which  costs  the  com- 
positor and  the  copyholder  no  time  at  all  in 


Then  sp'eading  the  cards  before  the 
Mayor,  he  began  wirh  the  ace. 

"  When  I  see  the  ace,  it  reminds  me  that 
there  is  but  one  God.  When  I  see  the 
duce,  it  reminds  me  of  Father  and  Sod. 
Wheu  I  see  the  three,  it  reminds  me  of 
Father,  Son  and  Holy  Ghost  When  I  see 
the  four,  it  reminds  mo  of  the  four  evange- 
lists that  preached — Matthew,  Mark,  Luke 
and  John.  When  I  see  the  five,  it  reminds 
me  of  the  fivo  wise  virgins  that  trimmed  the 
lamps.  Theie  were  ten,  but  five  were  wise 
aud  five  were  foolish  and  were  shut  out. 
When  1  see  the  six,  it  reminds  me  that  iu 
six  days  the  Lord  made  heaven  aud  earth. 
When  I  see  the  seven,  it  reminds  me  that 
on  the  seventh  day  God  rested  from  the 
great  work  He  had  made,  and  hallowed  it. 
Wheu  I  see  tlie  eight,  it  reminds  me  of  the 
eight  righteous  persons  that  wetc  saved 
when  Got!  destroyed  the  world,  viz. :  Noah 
aud  his  wife,  his  three  sons  aud  their  wives. 


When  I  see  the 
niuelepersthat  fl 


Iginat  ^^auruk  executed  at  Miatetman't  Gem  City  Jitttinesa- College,  Qtiinrtf,  IU, 


menoe  to  cast  about  him  for  an  explanation. 
He  sees  many  articles  accepted  and  printed 
by  the  same  journal  which  declines  his  own, 
which  he  knows  are  no  heiter  expressed  or 
conceived  than  his.  What  is  the  reason  ? 
One  day  he  blunders  uptm  it.  A  friend  takes 
up  some  of  the  hastily  and  illegibly  writteu 
sheets  upon  his  desk,  ami  attempts  to  pui;/1e 
out  a  sentence,  is  halll«*d,  gives  it  up  with  a 
merry  laugh  at  the  patient  editors  who  will 
wade  through  such  a  swamp  of  hieroglyph- 
ics, and  changes  the  subject  of  conversttti<in. 
But  the  young  writer  has  not  allowed  the 
unintentional  rebuke  to  escape  him.  It 
lingers  iu  his  thought  with  deeper  aud  deeper 
couvictiiin,  aud  whno  his  friend  has  gime,  he 
looks  at  the  sheets  with  quick  and  critical 
eye,  aud  sees  that  it  is  even  as  he  had  said- 
all  a  tangled  swamp  o(  hieroglyphics,  with 
no  path  of  sense  leading  in  or  out.  He 
takes  one  of  his  essays  to  a  penman,  dictates 
the  sentences,  one  by  one,  till  the  whole 
thought  is  excressed  in  clear,  and  Howiug, 
and  beautiful  outward  symbols,  theu  incloses 
leut  journal,  aud 
the  course  of  a  fww  days,  a  lib- 
with  a  request  for  more  articles 


deciphering,  is  worth  so  much  the  more 
lo  the  paper  which  euipl>ys  thetn.  So  that 
iu  a  very  euiphatio  and  reaf  sense  good  pen- 
manship aids  literary  success.  The  first  re- 
quisite of  a  writer  f<ir  the  press  is,  that  he 
shall  be  a  good  peninan. 


i  kind. 


This  '■ 


exaggeration.  Anyone  who 
has  had  any  experience  as  a  contributor 
for  the  press  knows  what  a  vast  difi"ereuce 
it  makes  in  the  likelihood  of  an  aiticle 
being  accepted,  whether  or  n«'t  it  is  g.itten 
up  "  in  good  shape.'"  A  handsomely 
written,  properly  puuctuated,  nicely  paged 
and  arranged  manuscript  is  far  less  likely  to 


A  Religious  Pack  of  Cards. 

How  THEY  Sbuveu  a.s  Bible,  Almanac 

ANi>  Hook  of  Common  Prayer  to  a 
Soldier— An  Lnuenious  Plea. 

A  soldier  by  the  name  of  Richard  Lee 
was  taken  before  the  magistrates  of  Glas- 
gow for  playing  cards  during  divine  service. 
The  account  is  thus  given  :  -   • 

A  sergeant  commauded  the  soldiers  in  the 
church,  and  when  the  parson  bail  read  the 
prajers  he  took  the  text.  Those  who  had 
a  Bible,  took  it  out;  but  this  soldier  had 
neither  Bibl-  uor  Common  Prayer-book; 
hut  pulling  out  a  pack  of  cards,  ho  spread 
them  out  before  him.  He  looked  first  at  rme 
card  and  then  ai  auother.  The  sergeant  saw 
him  ami  said  : 

"Bichard,  put  up  the  cards;  this  is  no 
place  for  them." 

■'  Never  mind  that,"  said  llichanl. 

When  the  service  was  over,  the  constable 
took  Richard  a  prisoner  and  brought  him 
before  the  Mayor. 

"  Woll,  what  have  you  brought  the  sold- 
ier here  for  V*  says  the  Mayor. 

"  For  playing  cards  in  church." 

"  Well,  soldier,  what  have  you  to  say  for  j  they  h 
yourself?"  1  tallest 


line,  it  reminds  me  of  the 
ere  cleansed  by  our  Saviour. 
There  were  nine  out  of 
the  ten  that  never  re- 
turned thanks.  When  I 
see  the  ten,  it  reminds  me 
of  the  ten  coumiandments 
which  God  handed  down 
to  Moses  ou  the  tables  of 
stone.  When  I  see  the 
king,  it  reminds  me  of  the 
Great  King  of  Heaven, 
which  is  God  Almighty. 
When  I  see  the  queen,  it 
reminds  me  of  the  queen 
of  Sheha,  who  visited  Sol- 
man.  Sho  brought  with 
her  fifty  boys  and  fifty 
girls,  all  dressed  Iu  boys' 
apparel,  for  King  Solo- 
mon to  tell  which  were 
boys  and  which  were 
girls.  King  Solomon  sent 
for  water  for  them  to 
wash  ;  the  girls  washed 
to  the  elbows,  and  the 
boys  to  the  wrists,  so  he 
told  by  that."     Here  the  soldier  paused. 

"  Well,"  said  the  Mayor,  "  youhave given 
a  description  of  all  the  cards  in  the  pack  ex- 
cept one." 

"What  is  that?" 
"  The  knave,"  said  the  Mayor. 
"  I  will  give  your  honor  a  description  of 
that,  too,  if  you  will  not  be  angry.*' 

"  I  will  not,"  said  the  Mayor,  "  if  you  do 
not  term  ine  to  be  the  knave." 

"Well,"  said  the  soldier,  "the  greatest 
knave  I  know  of  is  the  constable  that 
brought  me  here." 

"  I  don't  know,"  said  the  Mayor,  "  if  he 
is  the  greatest  knave,  but  I  know  ho  is  the 
greatest  fool." 

'*  Wheu  I  count  how  many  spots  ia  a 
pack  of  cards  I  find  3fi5 — as  many  as  there 
are  days  in  the  year.  When  I  Count  the 
number  of  cards  in  a  pack  I  find  there  are 
tifty-two — the  number  of  weeks  in  the  year; 
and  I  tind  there  are  four  suits — the  number 
of  weeks  iu  a  monto.  I  find  there  are  twelve 
piiiture-cards  ia  a  pack,  representing  the 
number  of  months  in  a  year ;  aud  on  count- 
ing the  number  of  tricks  I  find  thirteen,  the 
uumher  of  weeks  id  a  quarter.  So  you  see 
sir,  a  pack  of  cards  feervos  for  a  Bible,  Al- 
munau  and  Common  Prayer-book. 


The  SHiall  boy  of  Newburyport  treats  of 
giants  as  foUows^lu  his  school  compusitiou  : 
'A  giant  is  a  very  large,  strong  uiau,  and 


1  earth  excepting  God." 


SJJ^^^^±I^J^^J^\ 


>^§^^^^ 

^^^-^^^__^ 

w^m^^>^ 

P..bli-li-d  M< 

nthlv«t»l  per  Year 

l>.  T.  AMES. 

RlirrOK  A5t>   PBOI'RIKTOn. 

905  BrMdw«>-.  N«ir  Vorii. 

Klnrla  0OP4M  of  tb 

JoUfLlAL  •ral  on  n<wlpt  or  10c 

.^liM-lmMi  euplM  mml 

h*>1  to  Airmi*  freo. 

ADVERTISING   RATES. 

185)10  ■    ITifi'oO      11011.00      llS 
13.7»        30.00         S«^         68.00 


RlHKl. 


I.  ISIlDM... 


6I.M 


IS.O 


0  tnnntba,  iwysble  I 


LIBEl^AL  INDUCEMENTS. 


II IIUM^  who  nr*  Int«rMl«d  In  nkllirul  irritinic  or  lenrliioir. 
ttt  iBoIr  MmMt  Knd  wrir*  (w^jwrntion  lu  (iirre«rM>nd- 
lU  Mill  luionti  I  vol,  knowlnir  llinl  lb*  laborer  is  nnrlbj' 
r  hU  bin.,  w*  olriir  th«  rnllowtnn 


Piwjrrwu."  aixaS;  or  ''The  hmimllnK  SlUft,"  -24132.   For 

To  axif  [wrton  a»ii(liD|c  Ibalr  nvn  and  ftnn(Ii«r  nnme  ns 
mbiorlb«TM.   vneloafng   t2,   ire  ttIU   mnil    to    vach    tbe 
JOL'ltKAl.  noil  [iramtum  onp  ymr,  nnil  forwiird,  by  rotuni 
or  initll  (o  lh»  Mndvr,  b  uipy  '>)  «illb»r  ur  Ihe   folloiriug 
piibllcnlloiu. 
3  8|)MTlmiiii  SbeMHof  EnpOMlng,  eadb....    ...   11x14  in. 

Conf(duD'a  Normal  Syalem  of  L»tt«rinff 
Or       ■■  Plourisl.W. 


(1>7|.V 

TO  CLUBS: 

■null  tbe  JOUltXAU 

"•/y;r.'T!,ba 

?,~r 


1  be  lusuKd  na  n«iirly  u  ixwalble  or 
iiitb.    Mutlor  (iMlirned   for  insertiui 


tnplly  a 


LONDON   , 

nf  niir  piibliciiUflti*,  will  )>«  r.'ceived  a 
Ifd  I«  by  tbe 

NEWS   COWI'ANY. 
11  BonvcriH  atrMl,  (Fleet  SI.]. 

Luodoij.  Eiigluti 

N'>t1<^(>  wlfl  be  KWen  by  ])(»lal.c»id  to  aubHi'ribers 
j>i.per  will,  in  hII  i-itMS,  1»  slopped  iinljl  tbe  itul>!im|.li. 


New  York.  November,  1882. 

The  "Journal." 

With  the  present  issue  the  Journal  ha? 
roarhoii  the  eleventh  number  of  the  pixth 
v.iliimo—umlunp,  in  all,  sixly-niue  numbers. 
Tm  those  wlu)  have  been  subsdribeis  from 
it.'»  beginning,  the  Journal  h»8  spoken, 
iimiitMy,  for  ilBolf,  and  a.  large  iiiHJurity  <»f 
tliiisc  subscribers  liavo expressed  themselves, 
t<.  tlie  publishers,  in  tenns  most  compliinon- 
tary  >iiiil  fluttering. 

During  the  period  uf  its  publiciitiou  there 
ha.K  Ix'cu  given,  tbrongh  its  cohnmiB,  four 
('Miiipli.t(.  courses  of  lesaouh  in  pratitii-al 
w  rit  i  Hi;,  by  ex  [)eneucea  aut  bl>^8  and  I  t-artiers, 
while  till?  fifili  course  is  now  being  given 
by  one  of  tlio  best  Uuowu  authors  and 
ifii.-h<.r8  of  writing  in  America.  All  these 
h'SRons  have  heeu  ilhistrated  with  the 
greatest  skill  and  without  regard  to  ex- 
pense for  eiigraviug.  Two  courses  of  les- 
sons, with  proper  exercises  for  practices  in 
Oir-hand  Flourishing,  liave  lieeu  gi-en  and 

priielieal  Box  and  Paekiige  Marking.  In 
addition  to  these  lessons  there  has  appeared, 
in  encb  issue,  from  two  to  four  spr-cimeiis  of 
plain  or  urnameutal  ])enMi»usIiip,  repro- 
ducotl  fniin  the  pen-\Bork  of  noted  teaehers 
and  pen-artifte,  among  whom  have  been 
I.yii.ai.  P.,  PlHtt  K.  and  Henry  C  Speueer, 
II.  W.  Flickinger,  I).  L.  Musselumu,  W. 
\..  Deau,  J.  C.  Miller,  John  D.  Williams, 
l'.  W.  H.  Wiesebahu.  J.  B.  CuudiflT,  W.  e! 
Dennis,  Jackson  Cagle,  H.  C.  Clark,  H.  W. 
•  Kibb",  M.  E.  Ulackmau.  J.  T-  Knauss,  H. 
>\'.  SImylor,  J.  H.  Barlow,  Fielding  Scho- 


fiild,  A.  A.  Clark,  A.  H.  Hinmnn,  S.  .S. 
Packard,  I.  S.  Preston,  C.-H.  Peirce,  F.  M. 
J..1  nsoD,  F.  M.  Cbogoill,  G.  W.  Michael, 
ir.  S.  BUnchard,  William  H.  Duff,  I.  J. 
Woodwonh,  S.  A.  D.  Hahn,  Geo.  J.  Ami- 
doo,  G.  T.t)plinger,  A.  W.  Dudley,  J.  A, 
Weseo.  J.  G.  Cross,  G.  A.  Gruman.  E.  K. 
Isaacs.  A.  W.  Dakin— not  to  mention  the 
numernuB  specimens,  in  every  dppartment 
of  pCDmHnshipiWliicb  have  been  contributed 
from  the  office  of  the  Journal.  In  addi- 
liiin  tr»  the.te,  valuable  articles,  bearing  upon 
the  specialty  ol  penmanship,  have  been  cnu 
tributed  from  the  pens  of  sueh  well-known 
edurators  »nd  writers  as  S.  S.  Packard,  R. 
C,  H.  C,  and  K.  A.  .Spencer,  Paul  Past- 
nor,  W.  A.  Talbot,  A.  H.  Hinman,  Prof. 
Hui'spII,  Mary  E.  Martin,  Madge  Maple, 
C.  H.  Peirce,  Rev.  L.  L.  Sprague,  L.  D. 
Siiiiib,  G.  H.  Shattuck,  J.  W.  Swank,  J. 
T.  Kuauss,  Uriah  M#Kee,  J.  W.  Pwyson, 
W.  P.  Cooper.  Frank  Odell,  C.  E.  Cady, 
Joi-1  Barlow,  F.  W.  H.  Wiesebahu,  W.  H. 
Duff,  Thos.  J.  Bryant,  Jonathan  Jones,  P. 
B.  Hardin,  G.  T.  0|ilingor,  and  many 
oiliers. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  Journal 
\\»»,  to  an  eminent  degree,  reflected  the 
skill  and  genius  of  the  penman's  art  in 
America.  Upon  its  subscriptifm-list  are  not 
only  nearly  evpry  writing- teacher  of  recog- 
nized .•'kill  in  the  United  States  and  Canada, 
but  there  are  many  thousands  of  pupils  and 
admirers  of  the  art.  Not  alone  in  America 
are  its  subscribers :  they  are  in  England, 
Ireland,  Scnilaud,  France,  Australia,  New 
Zfaland,  and  several  islands  of  the  Pacific 
Ocean. 

At  the  recent  Convention  of  th'e  penmen 
of  America  the  following  resolution  was 
unanimously  adopted : 

"  Rest'lved,  that  the  Penman's  Art 
Journal  he  recognized  and  sustained  as 
the  organ  of  the  penmen  of  the  country." 

The  Journal  is  the  only  penman's 
paper  which  has  ever  been  thus  recognized, 
and  no  pains  '""  expense  will  he  spared  to 
reuder  it  a  worthy  standard  bearer  of  the 
art  a-jd  profession  of  which  it  is  the  recog- 
nized organ  and  leader.  Our  rapidly  grow- 
ing fociliiies  for  gallierine  valuable  reading- 
matter  fyr  its  columns,  and  the  preparation 
ol  appropriate  and  elegant  illustrations, 
warrant  us  in  saying  that  the  Journal 
will  in  the  future  be  much  more  interesting 
and  valuable  than  it  has  been  in  the  past. 

During  the  year  it  has  been  found  neces- 
sary to  enlarge  the  Journal  from  eight  to 
twelve  pages,  which  is  now  its  regular  size, 
while  its  hubpcription  -  list  has  nearly 
trebled  since  January  last,  and  subscrip- 
tions are  coming  in  at  a  rapidly  increasing 
rate. 

The  influence  of  the  Journal,  in  awak- 
ening and  cultivating  a  desire  and  taste  for 
good  wriiing,  through  the  iuspiring  articles 
and  elegant  specimens  which  appear  in  its 
columns,  and  the  thousands  of  tine  pen- 
pictures  mailed,  as  premiums,  can  be  scarcely 
over-estimated,  and  while  its  circulation  is 
so  large  as  to  he  gratifying  and  encourag- 
ing to  its  publishers,  it  is  but  a  tithe  of 
wliat  it  should  and  would  be  were  its  value 
made  kuowu  in  every  sch<H)lrooin  and  home 
in  our  land.  We  therefore  earnestly  invite 
i'B  present  friends  and  patrons  who  are  in- 
terested in  the  cause  of  good  wriiing  and 
the  success  of  their  paper  to  do  a  little  mis 
siouary  work  by  calling  the  attention  of 
those  who  would  probably  be  interesled 
therein  to  the  Journal,  and  soliciting  their 
subscription.  To  those  wbti  will  do  so  we 
will,  on  request  by  postal-oard,  mail  extra 
coi>ies  of  tbe  Journal,  for  gratuitous  pres- 
entation. It  is  our  ambition  to  extend  the 
cin-ulalicm  of  this  paper  into  the  hundreds 
of  ttiousHuds,  and  we  expect  to  do  it.  Who 
will  help  list 

It  is  Useless  to  Apply 

to  us  for  specimens  of  our  penmanship.  Ap- 
plicants are  so  numerous  and  our  time  is  so 
occupied,  that  it  is  impossible  fur  us  to  com- 
ply with  such  requests.  We  can  only  show 
our  hand  through  the  columns  of  the 
Journal.  I 


Writing  in  the  Ne-w  York  Public 
Schools. 

A  member  of  the  Board  of  Education  of 
of  this  city,  at  a  recent  meeting,  introduced 
a  series  of  resolutions,  looking  to  a  revision 
of  the  course  of  study  in  grammar  schools. 
Among  the  changes  suggested  was  a  more 
th<irougli  study  and  jitactice  of  penmanship 
in  the  four  highest  grades.  He  suggests  that 
instead  of  three  less<ins  ot  f<>rty  minutes  each 
per  week,  there  should  be  five  of  thirty 
minutes  each.  The  commissioner  has  been 
luokint!  into  the  condition  of  penmanship  in 
the  schools,  and  says  that  it  is  very  unsatis- 
factory.    As  an  instance,  he  says: 

"  Wanting  a  boy  I  put  one  advei-liBemeiil  in  a 
newspaper,  and  received  this  bundle  of  letters 
in  reply  ;  hardly  one  well  writTeu,  and  not  one 
properly  addressed.  Vet  some  of  these  boys  tiay 
that  they  are  sixteen  years  old  and  have  been 
to  our  public  schools.  I  thought  the  matter  over 
and  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  majority  of 
the  boys  iu  the  tirsi  grade  would  getlheir  living 
after  tbey  left  school  by  good  penmanship  and 
arithmeiic.  You  see,  I  look  at  the  matter  from 
a  purely  business  point  of  view;  I  want  ihese 
boys  to  learn  to  write  better  so  &a  to  tit  them- 
selves for  the  work  tbey  will  have  to  do." 

We  are  glad  to  know  that  at  least  one 
member  of  the  Board  has  become  alive  to 
the  fact  that  writing  is  sadly  neglected  in 
our  public  schools.  Not  only  is  there  too 
little  time  devoted  to  it,  but,  in  many  in- 
stances, the  instruction  is  left  to  teachers 
who  do  not  possess  the  first  qualification  for 
imparting  the  proper  instruction  to  make 
good  \vriters  of  their  pupils,  and  whose  writ- 
ing would  have  been  as  deficient  as  was  that 
of  their  pupils,  had  they  themselves  an- 
swered the  commissioner's  advertisement. 
Not  only  should  the  time  for  practice  be  ex- 
tended, but  care  should  be  taken  to  provide 
skilled  and  competent  instructors.  And 
what  is  true  of  the  New  York  schools  is 
notoriously  true  of  a  vast  majority  of  all  the 
schools  of  the  land.  The  fault  lies  largely 
with  school  ofllcers  and  Boards  of  Examina- 
tion. Who  ever  knew  of  a  certificate  being  , 
withheld,  or  a  situation  being  refused  to  a 
candidate  for  teaching,  because  of  his  bad 
penmanship!  Even  though  his  hierogly- 
phics might  puzzle  tbe  most  astute  of  the 
politicians — ot  which  school-boards  are  gen- 
erally composed —  his  competency  to  teach 
writing  iu  the  most  approved  style  and  by 
the  most  successful  methods  would  not  be 
called  in  question.  Let  Examining  Boards 
refuse  certificates  to  candidates  unable  either 
to  write  a  good  hand  or  apply  the  proper 
methods  for  teaching  writing,  and  also  de- 
cline to  employ  such  teachers,  then  very 
quickly  there  will  be  a  marked  improvement 
iu  the  writing  in  our  public  schools. 

Teachers  then,  in  place  of  ignoring  good 
writing,  would  have  a  pride  in  it,  which 
would  tend  to  create  a  spirit  of  enmlation 
among  their  pupils,  and  lead  to  greatly  im- 
proved writing. 

Good  Writing  alone  not  Sufficient 
for  Success. 

Tliere  is  a  prevailing  sentiment — and  not 
wholly  unfounded— that  outside  of  his  pro- 
fession the  typical  writing-master  is  a  man 
of  limited  attainments;  and  hence  his  failure, 
hold  ra'ik  with  pro- 
in  other  departments 
of  educational  labor.  It  is  often  the  fact 
that  the  young  aspirant  to  chirographic 
honor  devotes  himself  so  assiduously  to  his 
chosen  art  as  to  seriously  neglect  attainments 
in  all  other  directions.  He  labors  apparent- 
ly in  the  belief  that  to  become  a  skillful 
master  of  penmanship  is  all  that  is  necessary 
to  command  position  and  success.  This  is, 
however,  a  great  mistake;  for  to  be  eminent 
in  any  profession  requires  the  possession  of 
large  geneial  resource  The  greatest  skill, 
as  a  professional  writer  or  teacher  cannot  > 
command  an  eminent  position,  or  enviable 
success,  for  one  who  cannot  make  a  correct 
use  of  orthography  and  grammar. 

A  good  writer  may  secure  a  position  as  a 
clerk,  but  if  lie  has  no  other  accomplish- 
ments his  promotion  will  be  slow  and  very 
UQeer*aiD. 


Many  of  our  most  eminent  men  have 
first  attracted  attention  and  won  iheir  first 
success  in  life  through  their  good  writing. 
James  A.  Garfield  was  a  fine  writer,  and 
taught  special  writing  -  classes  while  a 
student  in  college.  Victor  M.  Rice,  f-.r 
many  years  a  most  popular  Superintendent 
of  Public  Instruction  in  the  State  of  New 
York,  was  for  years  an  itinerant  teacl»er  of 
writing.  H.  D.  Stratton,  the  founder  of 
the  Bryant  and  Stratton  chain  of  business- 
colleges,  began  his  career  as  a  traveling 
teacher  of  writing.  S.  S.  Packard,  who,  as 
an  author,  literary  writer,  and  practical 
educator,  ranks  among  tbe  leaders  of  the 
present,  achieved  his  first  sn<*ces8  as  a 
special  teacher  of  writing.  We  might 
multiply  similar  instances  of  writing- 
masters  who  have  attained  to  a  distinguished 
eminence.  These  men,  while  tbey  strove 
for  the  mastery  of  the  art  of  good  wriiing, 
were  equally  zealous  in  the  pursuit  of  other 
attainments.  They  became  men  of  resource, 
and  as  opportunity  presented  itself  for  the 
achievement  of  a  larger  and  higher  success  iu 
other  fields  of  labor,  tiiey  were  found  ready 
equipped.  They'were  not  only  au  honor  to 
good  writing,  but  it  honored  (/icni,  by  press- 
ing them  onward  and  upward  to  an  enviable 
fame  and  success.  So  with  all  professional 
penmen  and  teachers:  they  will  command 
honor  and  success  iu  proportion  as  tbey  en- 
large the  sphere  of  their  attainments. 


The  Art  and  Science  of  W^riting. 

A  correspondent  asks,  "Is  writiig  both 
a  science  and  an  art?  and  if  so,  will  you 
please  explain,  iu  the  columns  of  the  JouH- 
NAL,the  distinction  between  tbe  two  termsf" 

Art\&  defined  as  "  the  means  employed 
by  man  to  adapt  existing  things  in  the  world 
to  his  necessities  and  intellectual  tastes." 

Science  "is  the  name  of  that  portion  of 
human  knowledge  that  has  been  general- 
ized, systematized,  and  verified." 

Art  consists  in  the  discovery  or  first  ap- 
plication of  human  skill  and  ingenuity  to 
the  accomplishment  of  a  desired  result;  it 

Science  is  the  rules,  deduced  and  formu- 
lated by  observation  and  experience,  for  the 
guidance  of  operations  iu  any  department  of 
human  discovery. 

Art,  of  necessity,  precedes  science,  as  ap- 
plied to  writing,  art  begins  with  the  very 
first  effort  to  make  letters,  and  may  be  con- 
sidered to  he  that  portion  of  writing  which 
is  acquired  by  imitation  and  tbe  personal 
peculiarities  imparted  to  it  by  the  writer, 
without  the  observance  of  any  prescribed 
rules  or  methods  for  analysis  or  practice. 

Tbe  science  of  writing  consists  of  the 
prescribed  rules  for  its  construction — rules  ol 
slant,  proportions,  spacing,  shading,  aualy- 

An  author  who  prepares  copies  strictly  in 
accordance  with  specific  rules,  or  the  pupil 
who  learns  to  write  by  the  exact  applica- 
tion of  such  rules,  produces  scientific  writ- 
ing. 

Writing,  without  the  observance  of  any 
exact  rules  (the  writer  being  guided  by  his 
own  fancy),  will  be  in  accordance  with  art, 
and  be  artistic  and  excellent  iu  proportion 
to  the  skill  and  conectness  of  taste  possessed 

Send  $1  Bills. 

We  wish  our  patr.-us  to  bear  in  mind  that 
in  payment  for  subscriptions  we  do  not  de- 
sire pustage-!>tainps,  and  that  they  should  be 
sent  only  for  fractional  parts  of  a  dollar.  A 
dollir  bill  is  much  uioru  couvenient  and  safe 
to  remit  than  the  same  amount  in  1,  2  or  .'J 
cent  stamps.  The  actual  risk  of  remitting 
money  is  slight —  if  properly  directed,  not 
oue  miscarriage  will  occur  in  one  thousand. 
Inclose  the  bills,  and  where  letters  contain- 
ing money  are  sealed  in  presence  of  the 
ptistmaster  wo  will  assume  all  tbe  risk. 


It  is  tbe  pen  that  has  garnered  and  trans- 
mitted th@  ^isdou)  of  the  Bucceedlng  ages. 


s^t< 


Sending  Specimens. 

i:  I).  W  ,  WarrcDsbarg.  Mo.—*'  For  the 
jil'i<t(;(l  8taiii{)  plfat^  ^ud  lue  a  fipefimeii 
t  vilur  writing."    So  nninerous  are  the  re- 

'  •IK  r<-ceiveil,  niinilar  to  the  above,  that 
r  ilepin  it  >!♦•«  llial  it  ^hiHilit  be  answerpil 
ir.M.gh    the   JuUBSAl,.     To    Mr.  W.,   no 


of  hip 


dolll.t 


ng;  it  will 
prepar-  it  s 
oinpany  i 


a  spenmen 

but  a  few 


a  suitable 
lett(-r  to  avcoinjiany  it,  with  thauks  for  his 
favor;  aiiiJ  hasn't  hi-  neot  a  «tainp  t"  pay 
f.»r  p(.Bi»K4*!  The  two  or  three  sheets  uf 
paper,  envelope,  an<J  the  time  and  labor  we 
can  afford  tu  eive  for  the  honur  of  having 
a  fipcciinen  of  our  writiug  go  abroad! 
Were  Mr.  W.  the  only 
one  tu  ask  for  such  a 
trifle  we  might  respond 
without  serious  impover- 
ishiiient ;  but  when  the 
request*!  nggrt-gate  to  a 
ecore  or  more,  diuly,  it  is 
no  trillp,  hut  en 
demaud  of  such  magni- 
tude as  to  leave  ub  no 
option  but  to  decline. 
Xor  Clin  we  hold  otir- 
pclves  hound  by  courtesy 
to  reply  to  » 
municalioOB  because  they 
inclose  a  staiiip,  as  we 
hiivi-  repeatedly  siiid  that, 


under  the  title  and  emblems  of  an  1.  0-  O.  | 

F.  Lodge,  alleeing  t|iat  he  desired  an  esti- 
mate fur  eDgrossiui!  a  •et  of  resolulions,  im- 
pliedly fur  the  said  L'Mlse,  and  aUo  that  he 
returned  the  Gar6eh)  Memorial  sent  to  him 
for  a  premium  as  a  subscriber  to  the  Jour- 
nal— all  of  which  he  may  hav«  done,  but 
Do  returofd  stpevimeus  ever  reafhed  us;  but 
his  chief  (and  •*  mirabilo  dict'i!")  circuin- 
ataDce  o'  extunualinu  was  that  he  had  taken 
his  firet  lessrms  iu  the  speciiiieu-dodge  years 
ago,  from  oue  of  our  pupils.  We  must  ciiu- 
fess  that  Mr.  Powers,  for  a  secoud-haud 
pupil  ( the  first  one  being  either  a  falsifier 


spevimeus. 

Four  Extra  Pages 
have  been  added  to  the  present  i^aiie  of  the 
JouKNAL,  chiefly  for  the  pui^^uee  of  pre- 
senting gpecimeua  of  pho'o-engraviuti,  Iroui 
pen-aod-ink  copies,  thereby  iUustratiue  the 
practical  results  of  the  application  of  that 
process  to  the  reproduction  ot  all  classes  of 
pen-work.  By  this  method  the  peuuian's 
skill  ia  brought  into  direct  competition  with 
the  engraver  upon  wood  and  metal.  The 
penman's  desigos  are  quickly  and  cheaply 
transferred  to  relief-  plates,  which 


jiyth),  has  been  wonderfully  apt,  and  |  used  (as  they 


this  paper)  upo 


other  purpose.    We  shall 


the 


Journal  reflect  liberally 
of  our  jienmanship  and 
th.it  of  others  in  every 
de|i»rttiicut  ot  the  art,  but 
«  ,■  caunnl  give  i 
In  individual  i 


All  Back  Numbers 

,.r  ilio  Jouknai.  may  he 


of  January,  lti78;  ouly  t 
fe*  copies  of  1878  left. 


'§&Oo^ip?Uy  /j^J'^ym. 


The  King  Club 

fur  till*  past  iiinutli  fluiD- 
lier«  s^T^/,  and  ih  sent  by 
W.  L.  Johuaon,  fn.iii  Iho 
G«ii  Citj  Iiusiue^s■Col- 
leg)',  Quiiioy,  111.,  where 
he  is  a  most  skillful  aod 
l)o[nilHr  luachyr  of  wril- 
iuK*  The  k'tter  which 
accuinjmtiiod  \m>  liat  of 
naiiios  19  "lie  of  the  Suest 
and  most  exceptioually 
gooci*jieciiiien8  of  practi- 
cal writini;  we  have  seen. 

Thc» ,iid  largest  dlib 

miiiil.,.],.  (,rfi,/,/./oiir,aud 
vvi,«  ....,,1  l.y  S:,  \-«i.  Vliet,     '■         Th, 
frou,  Ury»nl'.  Hnll..l.,  (N,     j  f 

Y.)  Uiisiiiei.5Collegi.. 

F.  L.  P..w|.|l,  CorruuB, 
Mich.,  and  C.N.Cramlle,  ~ 

P'-uiiiau  at  the  Western   Normal  C 
lioshuell.  III.,  send  i-lubs  uf  eleven 


oriffinal  pen-anff'ink  copy,  txfruUd  at  the  office  of  thf  "Journal."  and  ia  one  of  the  i 
d  artiatir  penmanship  prepared  for  the  "Universal  ^tlf- Instructor,  and  Manual  of 
I,"  itsutd  by  Thomas  Kflhj,  iVo.  17  Harelaij  Street.  Neio  Yo    .  on   November  Ut. 


three  times  the  .limeusious  of  the  desired 
repruduetioQ ;  the  engraving  will  thus, 
through  the  reductioo,  present  a  finer  and 
more  delicate  appearance  than  if  made 
without  reduction. 

Third.  Use  a  fine  (jijality  of  jet  -  black 
India  ink,  freshly  ground  from  the  stick. 

Fourth.  Make  all  peucU  guide  -  tines  as 
lightly  as  possible,  with  a  medium — hanl, 
fine-poiuted  pencil,  and  when  the  work  is 
finished  remove  the  pencil-Hnea  carefully 
with  a  soft  gum  or  spouge  rubber.  If 
strung  pencil-lines  are 'made  aud  then  re- 
m<ived  with  a  hard,  coarse  rubber,  much  of 
the  ink  will  be  also  removed  Iroin  the  ink- 
Hues,  thereby  weakeuing  their  strength  and 
color,  especially  the  fine 
or  hair  lines.  Bear  in  mind 
that  all  Hues,  to  make  a 
clear,  strung  reproduc- 
uiust  be  smooth, 
uniform,  and  black-  -no 
matter  how  fine  if  black. 
th-pointed  pen, 

303," 
Artistic,"  or 
'  are  good, 
whocaunot  pro- 
proper  materials 
for  good  work,  elsewhere, 
can  do  jto  from  us,  upon 
list 
and    Ar- 
s'  Supplies,"  in  another 
and  also  receive 
estimates    for    photo-en- 
graving or  lithographing 
their  work. 


Hymeneal. 

Again  thnt  sly  little  mas- 
ter oCarohery  iiiid  witchery, 
Atr.  Cupid,  in  his  relentless 


'/a(-i^i^rt!^/^-tni4y 


nit  is  pkoto-entjraved  fro 
illustrative  of  practical  t 
eneral  lieference  and  For 


vaded  our 
.ough    .he 


,ud, 


The  work  contiutt  of  74S  quarto  pat/en,  beautifully  Ututtrated. 


I,  has  captured 
and  led  (we  believe,  bow- 
evei",  withnul  serious  resist- 
ance), tu  hia  hymeneal 
bower,  our  friend,  the  late 
'■Chariey."n«wMr.Charl*B 
I{ul)im«on.  The  event  trans- 
pired on  Ocluher  'i4th,  at 
Westminster  Church.  Eliz- 
abeth, N.  J.,  where  both 
parlies  resided.  Mr.  RoUin- 
Ron  is  A  skillful  and  promis- 
ing HVtiHt.wlio  has  for  many 
years  been  an  employee  at 
uur  ufiice,  wliere  he  is  held 
in  high  esteem  by  all  with 
whom  he  has  been  associ- 
ated. The  bride.  MiflB  Mar- 
ian F.  Allen,  is  beautiful, 
HccompliKlied,  and  is  held  in 
great  esteem  by  a  numerous 
circle  of  tVlendo.  Both  are 
fortunate  and  happy  in  their 
choice,  and  have  our  best 
wishes  for  a  future  fraught 
with  all  the  bleseings  of  a 
most  happy  and  prosperous 
wedded  life. 

On  the  19th  nit.,  at 
(loshen,  Iiid.,  Orlando  C. 
Vei'uon  and  Elva  L.  Long- 


In  the  No 
Ir  Ivan  Po' 


of  the  Gazette, 
bo,  it  will  be  remem- 
the  September  number 


red,  was  noticed  il 

leiiie  for  specimen-hunting,  occupies  over 
iilumn  of  space  for  substantially  a  con- 
-■^iuQ  uf  the  truthfulness  of  the  charge, 
I  ulfers,  by  way  of  extenuation,  the  state- 
»ni  \lmt  be  returntd  to  us  the  speoimenB 


evinced  astonishing  capabilify.  What  he 
might  have  become  had  he  enjoyed  the  ad- 
vantages of  instruction,  first- handed  and 
real,  fancy  alone  can  conjecture. 

Among  the  numerous  congratalatious  and 
thanks  received  for  our  exposure  of  Mr. 
Powers's  methods,  we  quote  the  ftdlowing 
from  Mr.  J.  W.  Swank,  Washington,  D.  C: 

....  I  WW  glad  that  yoft  and  friend  Uady 
warmed  the  ear  of  thnt  new  epeeiuieu- dodger 
at  Soctiesler.  By  the  iaclosed  specimen  you 
will  notice  that  I  was  one  of  his  victims.  I 
sent  him  specimens,  and  the  pustage  on  the 
transaction  cost  me  $1 — to  say  unlhing  of  my 
time,  writing  to  the  16-karat  fraud. 

Mr.  Weisahahn,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  says; 

....  That  lodge-heading   aod  seal  M  ns 

aeiray  null  "  look  ub  in,"  and  I  am  corry  to  say 


printing  -  press,  in  form  of  hook, 
newspaper,  catalogue,  or  circular  illustra- 
tions, :  usiness  cards,  letter  aud  hill  heads, 
title  pages,  aud  all  kinds  of  commercial 
forms.  Those  forms  requiring  a  limited 
number  of  largo  prints,  such  as  diplomas, 
pictures,  certificate.^,  etc.,  are  best  aud  more 
cheaply  transferred  by  photo-lithography 
and  printed  from  stoue. 

Penmen  or  artists  contemplniine  the 
preparation  of  deaigns  f.>r  repn^ductitm,  by 
either  photo  -  engraving  or  photo -lithog- 
raphy, should-  carefully  observe  the  follow- 


ing 


Directions. 


First  Procure  paper  with  a  smooth,  hard 
surface. 

Second.  Lay  off  your  design  tvvice  or 


lia!  partnership.  Mi 
ing  teacher  of  wriliny 
/  partnership  will  be 


Signing  U.  S.  Gold  Certificates. 

Assistant  United  States  Treasurer  Acton, 
at  the  sub-treasury  in  this  city,  worked 
f*  rty-one  daya  signing  the  late  issue  of 
United  States  gold  certificates,  during  which 
time  he  wrote  Ms  autograph  8'^. 000  times— 
an  average  of  2,000  times  per  day.  Were 
W.  H.  Vanderbilt  to  purchase  these  certifi- 
cates, of  the  denomination  of  $1,000.  to  the 
extent  <»f  his  means  (reputed  to  be  $260,- 
000,000),  and  Mr.  Acton  he  required  to 
sign  them,  he  wouht  he  thus  employed  Up 
days. 


Lessons  in  Correspondence. 

[rnqx^M?  very  »o<tn   to   giv 


thronch  tho  columns  of  thi 
first  of  a  series  of  Jessoas  id  correspondeDce. 
Ttie  leMuuB  will  be  illustrated  with  uuiner- 
ous  examples  of  the  most  approve-i  styles  for 
the  various  kinds  of  con-espondeocie,  photo- 
engraved  from  i-arefully  prepared  pea-and- 
ink  mpy,  so  that  tho  letter*  will  be  at  the 
same  time  roodeU  for  composition  and 
chirography.  We  lihall  endeavor  to  render 
the  c/mrse,  in  all  respects,  as  complete  and 
nsefa]  as  possible. 

New  Writing  Implements. 
The  "Standard  and  .Script  Kuler,"  as 
now  furnished  from  this  office,  is  as  near 
perfect  as  selected  material,  good  printing 
and  elegant  finish  can  make  it.  It  is  1.^ 
inches  long,  of  choice  seasoned  silver  maple, 
w='o  improved  brass  edge.  This  ruler  is 
nf)w  used  in  the  leading  hiisincss-colteges, 
and  othrr  schools  of  the  country  where 
book  keopingandwriting-cla8»e»  arc  taught, 
and  is  fully  endorsed  by  practical  teachers 
and  arcoontants.  It  furnishes  the  correct 
0.  S.  Standard  of  measurement,  and  em- 
braces aiiproved  alphabets  of  capital  and 
small  letters,  with  figures  and  eonnccted 
writing.  It  teaches  the  diflerent  sizes  of 
writmg  used  in  book-keeping  and  corres- 
pondence—a feature  not  provided  for  defi- 
nitely or  fully  in  any  system  of  copy,  hooks. 
While  it  presents,  in  durable  a  d  practical 
form,  u  complete  system  of  plain  writing,  it 
is,  in  every  respect,  a  first-class  ruler  for 
measuring  ami  rnling  purposes,  and  is 
adapted  to  tho  use  of  tho  farmer,  artisan,' 
accountant,  student,  professional  man,  mer- 
chant and  banker.  The  ruler  is  mailed  at 
the  same  retail  price  as  plain  rulers  of  cor- 
responding grade  which  have  none  of  its 
special  advantages.  We  forwurd  it  to  any 
address,  by  mail,  on  receipt  of  30  cents. 

"The  New  Em  {Straight  and  Obli.iuc) 
Fenholder  Attachment."— This  new  inven- 
tion is  offered  at  a  price  within  the  reach  of 
all,  from  Iho  child  in  the  primary  schocd  up 
t(.  the  chieftains  at  the  head  of  the  various 
luireaus  at  the  National  Capital.  Attached 
lo  any  penholder,  it  can  be  used  straight  or 
.dilique,  ailjusling  the  pen  for  an  easier  and 
more  perfect  sweep  than  can  be  obtained  by 
a  (omuion  penholder  without  it.  It  is 
specially  adapted  for  uso  with  "Ames's 
Tavorite,"  or  other  pens  of  similar  size. 
Will  send  five  attachments,  by  mail,  on  re- 
ceipt of  25  cents. 

"Tho  .Standard  Practical  Penmanship." 
—The  editi.  n  of  this  work,  issued,  in  port- 
fi.lio  f.irrii,  by  the  Journai,,  is  what  it  pur- 
ports to  he— a  library  of  practical  writing, 
fr.no  which  all  who  use  the  pen  can  gather 
a  thorough  knowledge  of  business  |,euman. 
ship.  It  is  a  complete  and  reliable  sell- 
instructor,  presenting  an  elementary  and 
advanced  course  in  the  most  simple  interest- 
mg  and  comprehensive  way.  No  chiro- 
graphic publication  ever  gained  so  many 
friends,  and  such  extend,  d  circulation  as  the 
Standard  since  its  issue  in  April  last. 

Single  portfolios  of  the  Stiindard  are 
maded  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  $1. 


\<-i  pniflirfl]  writing  mny  be  m  written  Ih 

hight  would  oormpusa  lo  ■  •i>nre  in  width 

Inannlylio 

wnllnj.  n  »pare  in  bi^lil  is  one-iliitd  bt«Hi 

thnnn.pnce 

J.  11.  T..  MrafoM.  Ont.— "Whfll  ii  th 

e  .hap«  and 

iilyld  of  (h»  Script-ruler ) "    ^m.— The  bei 

one  i«  fideen 

nnliMlon^.  berel-cdged,  and  bmM-liiiMl ; 

lividiNl  olT  ill 

ncli.  on«>  hair,  onc-qimrter,  nnd  onceiRhtli 

ind  iipiiii  Its  »iirni«)  in  printed,   in   tlie 
'  Spt'DiwrlnD."  the  capital  nnd  •innll  letters 

feat  «.yl«  of 
flgiire«.  and 

writing.    Tli»y  nre  nil  ihnt  In  rlnttiKM  lor 

i  lodger.»ite 
be.D.     -Ar* 

Eufnn  k  Hiinietl-ii  and  C«rlmrt"»  Comme 

•n  to  Cannilian  «liidpDl«T"    Am.— Yet. 

rh«  comtner- 

Br<.adwuy,  New  York. 

E.  T.,  Stti^annBh.  Ob  — "  Who!  ai 
m  writleii-mrd^f"  yiM.— Three 
iiiiicw  weight     Conl*  rnime  mirtet 

A  ther*  I*  any  prlnti^  matter  on  t 
C.  S.  M..  OIney.  Ill  _"  I'leaae   : 


Not  Responsible. 
It  ehotil.l  lie  <iistiurtl^  uu.lerstood  that 
tlie  editt.rs  of  the  Journal  arc  not  to  he 
held  m  iiidoi-siiig  anything  outside  of  its 
editorial  culiiinns;  all  coimniiuitMtiona  not 
ohjodlionahle  in  their  charat-ler,  nor  devoid 
of  interest  or  merit,  are  received  and  pub- 
lished; if  any  person  ditlers.  the  cohimns 
are  equally  uptn  to  hiui  to  say  bo  and  tell 


Thk  Co-Opkuative  Life  and  Acci- 
UBNT  Association  ok  tub  U.  S— We 
pall  attention  lo  the  advertisement,  in  another 
column,  of  tho  above  Association,  regularly 
organized  un.ler  the  laws  of  the  Slate  of 
New  York,  with  authority,  from  the  Insur- 
an.c  Department,  to  do  business. 

The  Awociatiun  commenced  bnsineas  on 
iMay  Ist,  1882,  and  haa  now  a  large  and 
rapidly-growing  momherBliip,  including  the 
transfer  of  about  f.mr  hundred  members 
from  the  Tontine  Mutual  Accident  Co.  of 


A.  D.  Chiaholm  is  leaching  writiBg  at  Ypsi- 
lautB,  Micb. 

H.  A. West,  a  latp  gradunle  of  G.  W.  Michael's. 
Delaware,  O  ,  has  heen  pngaged  to  teach  writ- 
ing at  the  ^'o^^lal  School,  Sherwood,  Mich. 

Mrs.  S.  E.  Cowan  in  teaching  writing-classes 
at  Stratford.  Ont.  She  wrilea  a  very  good 
band,  and  in  favorably  mentioned  by  the  Strat- 
ford rimt». 

At  the  Commencement  Exercises  by  the 
Btudenis  of  G.  W.  Michael.  lately  held  in  the 
City  Oppra  House,  Dvlawiin'.  O.',  Mr.  Michae. 
thf  recipient  of  a  $*^.'>  photograph  albunil 
graduating  class  nmnhnred  Ui. 

fv.  D.  C(tpeland.  D.D.,  principal  of  the 
>ming  Seminary  of  Kingmoii,  having  been 
r^ii  (o  resign  on  accoinil  of  failiug  health, 
thf  Khv.  L.  L.  Sprague,  fortnerly  principal  of 
•ommei-cial  deparlment,  hns  been  elected 
ipal  of  the  entire  iuBtitution. 

E.  Carharl,  author  of  "  Carharfs  Com- 
mepcial  Law,"  iiifonns  ns  that  his  book  ia  hav- 
ing a  large  and  increa-iug  Bule-over  4.000 
copies  having  been  pold  in  a  litlW  more  than  a 
year.  It  is  used  in  many  of  ilie  leading 
buPinesB-collegHS.  and   its  s-iccess   is   well   de- 

S.  R,  Webster  and  A.  L.  Thompson  have 
lately  opened,  at  R.ick  Creek.  (>  ,  a  school  for 
inslruotiou  in  shorlband  writing  and  penman- 
shi|).  Both  are  skillful  and  experienced 
teachei-s.  Mr.  W.  is  among  the  mo«t  skillful 
wi-iiere  of  the  country,  A  photo  enjrraved 
copy  of  a  specimen  of  hi»  dbm  thand  and  off- 
hand flouriehiTig  appears  on  aiiolher  page. 


A  package  of  elegant  specimens  of  praotioal 
writing  baa  been  received  frtmi  the  Spencerian 
BuBineJ"*  College.  Cleveland.  O..  written  by 
J.  L.  Scott.  We  have  rarely  seen  tbem  ex- 
celled. 

A  photo  of  an  exquisite  specimen  of  pen- 
lettering  and  drawing,  from  the  pen  of  H.  W. 
Flickinger,  of  rhiladelphia.  has  been  received. 
Also,  an  excellent  Bpecimen  of  epiBlolary 
writing. 

.1.  W.  Swank,  the  lamed  pei.man  of  the 
Treasury  Department.  WsBliiiigton.  D.  C,  has 
favored  ua  with  nn  imperial  photo  of  a  set  of 
rsRolutione  which  he  recently  engrossed.  The 
design  and  manner  of  execution  reHect  a  high 
order  of  okill. 

C.  N.  Crandle,  prhicipal  of  the  Commercial 
Institute,  connected  with  the  Weuleru  Normal 
College  at  Bushnell.  III.,  sends  a  splendidly 


'   the 


The  Hon.  H.  A.  Spencei 
the  Spencerian  publicatioi 
list  of  names  as  aubscrib 
the  public  sc' 


s<tuciate-author  of 
hands  us  a  long 
,  taken  chiefly  in 
id  Hrooklyn, 


while  visiting  them  in  behalf  of  good  \  _ ^. 

Twenty-five  of  these  subscribers  have  ibeir 
Ruhscripiions  to  begin  with  the  Miiy  number, 
in  which  appears  the  flrat  vvriliiig-h>B8on,  by 
II.  C.  Spencer. 

L.  B.  Liwson,  has  lalely  been  tearhing  sev 
eral  writing- classes  at  Tehama,  Cal.  The 
Coaiuettor,  published  at  that  place,  in  speak 
iug  of  the  result  of  hi<i  work,  says: 


subacrihers  to  the  Jot'itXAL,  inul  says;  ''I 
shall  send  a  larger  club  next  nmnth. 

Creditably  exeenled  specimens  of  (lenman- 
«hip  have  been  received  from  S.  H.  Strite, 
teacher  of  commercial  branches  in  the  Southern 
lowH  Normal  S,-h<ml  «t  Hloomfield:  Uriah 
M.-K^.-.  |.iiiHi|.al  i.f  the  writing  department, 
'"'■'i'"'    i"       '     IN'L-e;     K.    W.    Cobb,    card- 

^^"   "     '  ' "    <>.  ;  W.  C.  Walton,  card- 

^^"1"    I'"- -il,,X.  H.;  D.  F.  Winkelman. 

.h..  l,4i.^iN«l>,u-i,l,.  N.  Y.;  T.  K.  Southern, 
peinuan  at  Heatd's  BusineBS-CoIlepe.  San  Fran- 
cisco. Cal.  (a  handi»omety  written  letter);  D. 
E.  Blake,  I.aybrook,  III.;  II.  M.  itevea.  De- 
troit, Mich,  (cards):  A.  B.  Capp.  penman  itt 
Heald's  liuBinessCdlege,  San  Fram*i'»co.  (?«!. 
(a  beautifully  written  letter):  A.  N.  Palmer. 
Cedar  Rapids.  Iowa. 

The  grave  and  joarned  scienlists  of  the 
British  Associalion  found  time  nt  their  re- 
cent meeting  at  Scmthamptnn  for  a  little  of 
that  n.uisenee  that  is  relished  by  iho  wisest 
men.  One  of  the  i.hiI<)sopher5,  in  tbo  midst 
of  ft  pn.f.umd  dissertation  which  was  being 
delivered  by  a  brother  member,  pr  rpetrated 
the  foilnwing,  which  he  solemnly  avowed 
was  a  cradle-soDg  with  which  lie  had  been 
lulle.l  to  sleep  in  his  babyhood  years: 

S.inlilliHc.  srintilint,.,  ^M,»\e  vivifio  = 


ntiugh  t 


7\U 


Fro 


CarbooiK 
Ift  maka 
abta.u  , 


..urfiuw  uodom«alh,wbMi  Ihadwlg,. 
to  anit  tlia  purpoM  of  tha  oopyi.i 
•omrtiiue.  plaood  „ndw  thn  lining, 
bill  U  for  Diuy  purpoMit  objii-tiuu. 

lioh  it  Imna  b  Bol  Milly  removal 


II  our  knowledge  of  the  men  eotnpoa- 
Board  of  Directors  and  its  Officers, 
iimend  this  now  Co-operative  Asso- 
to  those  desiring  Life  and  Accident 
ice,  at  a  tmnimuin  ci'St,  ou  the  jiop- 
iessment  plan. 


We  dtsire  to  rail  attention  to  the  adver- 
tisement of  L.  Madarasz,  which  has  ap- 
peared fur  some  time  in  the  columns  of  the 
AUT  JouKNAL.  Mr.  Madarasz  is  doing 
in  his  lino  smne  of  the  finest  work  of  any 
penman  \vc  know  of,  and  we  commend  him 


How  to  Remit  Money. 

The  best  and  safest  way  is  by  Post-office 
Order,  or  a  bank  draft,  on  New  York ;  next, 
by  registered  letter.  For  fractional  parts  of 
a  dollar,  send  postage  stamps.  Do  not  send 
personal  checks,  especially  for  small  sums, 
nor  Canadian  postage  stamps. 


We  copy  the   followii 
paper  of  the  IlOth  nit.: 


il  by  a  duotor  < 


liiiggy- 


Mr.  Wiesehabn  will  have  the  sympathy  and 
best  wishes  ol  a  host  of  friends,  among  whom 
he  will  please  number  us. 


Sample  copies  of  the  Journ 
m  receipt  of  price — ten  cents. 


^  ..,     ,  '"  "W*""""  I"  thow.  spec'tHlties  to  which  thn  paper  ii 


A  package  of  well  wriueii  copy-8lip»  comes 
from  F.  I>.  Preuiit,  principal  of  Poll  Worth 
(Traai)  BiisiiiesBColluge. 

K.  M.  Wingato  has  been  tnachlng  large 
ola.«e«  iu  Su.aex  Coiimy,  N.  J,  The  card- 
epeciniens  wbicli  he  iti  closed  wore  very  fine. 

W.  WoodB,  of  Elwin,  III.,  ha.,  lolely, 
iiled  a  crediluWe  d«,ign  for  a  marriage 
cerlificale,  a  copy  of  which  has  been  received. 

A.  J.  Scarborough,  penman  at  Goodmans 
KnoxviUe  (Tenn.)  nnsinesa- College,  eeml, 
«ome  well  executed  epeciraeus  of  rapid  wriliiig. 

E.  L.  Stoddard,  penman  at  Peirce'e  Bueiness- 
College,  Keokuk,  Iowa,  write,  a  handsome 
letter,  iu  which  he  inclo.es  a  very  skillfully 
executed  doiirisb  of  a  bird  and  scrolls. 


yMterday  and  to.day,"  by  1 


fecund  illusinitMl 
me.:  "WritlDe— 
(illurtntled),  nnd 


PTintrr'i  OutlU. 


raly    pnwiuted Penman 


-j'ijij  »jiif^dii>^r~ 


The  foUovfing  ,fi/Uen  cut*  are  photo-nyravfd 
from  autoffraphM  trritlen  hi/  pupiU  of  (i.  W. 
Michael,  at  Dtlavare.  Ohio.  Thry  prtAtnt  morr 
than  ordivary  freedom  and  tkilt  it*  the  ehiro- 
ijraphie  art. 


— ^^- 


y^^^Syk^^'l4^€^c^ 


Write  Plainly. 
Eiltjiir  A.  r*.e  owed  tlif  first  ic*«'i>guitinu 
I  liis  genius  as  a  writer  to  pxcclleucp  of  his 
i-iiiiiMUsliip.  A  prize  was  oflered  liya  ma- 
■uiuo  ftii*  tile  best  8t<»ry  spiit  ilss  piiblishera. 
'ni'  soot  R  story  as  a  coinpetitnr  for.  the 
nze.  aud  such  was  the  jiUrMi'liveuess  of  the 
i;uitisori}>l  ihat  the  wearied  judges  read  it 


Its  i-oDtouts  also  ileHghtcd  ihi'in,  itud  they, 
li'rtviug  other  inanutcripls  ii  reu<t,  g«ve  to 
Poe  tho  prize.  Of  i^oursc.  the  judKCs  were 
unfair  to  the  roiiijunitors  whnse  tunnupcript, 
they  ili<I  not  ri>»d,  liut  tlio  Htit-cthite  suggests 
what  may  he  ihe  eflVct  I'f  *;ood  peuiiiauship 
ID    securing   the   attentive    readiug   u(   au 

Ad  Kiiclish  nm^flziue  tells  of  n  cerlaiu 
Duke  whoso  illegible  handwriting  traused 
hiiu  lo  lose  ihe  woman  he  had  selected  for 
Ills  wife.    The  lady  was  the  daughter  ol  a 


inerchaDt,  and  the  Duke,  in  a  note  t<>  ber 
faiher,  offered  hor  his  band. 

Much  to  his  Grace's  surprise,  the  iner- 
rhaut's  answer  was,  *'  Declined  with  thank?. 
ou  aceonnt  of  a  previous  engagement." 

The  man  of  busioess  bud  been  unable  to 
read  the  note,  but  bad  guessed  that  it  con- 
veyed an  offer  of  the  Duke's  box  at  the  opera 
for  a  certain  night. 

The  Duke  married  another  woman,  and 
the  daughter  joined  herself  to  a  man  much 
lower  in  rank.  In  the  course  of  years  they 
met,  and  then  there  was  nn  explanation. 
The  anecdote  does  not  tell  whether  each  re- 
gretted the  illegible  note,  but  the  moral  is 
just  as  plain  as  if  they  had. 


Send  Money  for  Specimens. 


JouitNAl,  must  remit  ten  ctuts.     No  atten- 
tion will   be  given  to   postal-card  requests 


Mixed  Postage  Stamps. 

SoMK  Ar.AiiMiNG  Figures  Suggested 

iiv  A  Xew  FAsiuoNAni.E  Craze. 
A  recent  "  Paahiou  Note  "  is  as  follows : 
"  A  red  two-eenl  stamp  and  a  blue  one-cent 
stamp,  in  plaf-e  of  the  usual  three-cent  stamp, 
are  (juiie  the  rage  in  fashionable  correspond- 
ence. Young  ladies  are  much  givnn  over  to 
their  use.  The  red,  and  the  blue  ou  the 
white   background,  are  said   to  symbolize 

"  Whew! "  said  Superintendent  Van  Pelt, 
of  the  New  York  Post-oflice,  to  a  Sun  re- 
porter, as  he  heard  the  aauounceraent.  "  I 
hope  that  isn't  so.  I  wonder  if  those  young 
ladies  ever  stop  to  think  how  much  trouble 
they  make.  Now,  suppose  everybody  took 
a  fancy  to  the  blue  and  red  stamps.  We 
SPud  out  an  average  of  450,0(10  domestic  let- 
ters a  day,  not  counting  those  that  come 
from  stations.  Every  stamp  is  cancelled 
separately.  With  two  stamps  on  each  let- 
ter, the  cancellers  would  be  obliged  to  strike 
450,000  extra  blows.  Now  let's  see.  A 
man's  hand,  in  passing  from  the  letter  to  the 
ink  pad  and  back,  goes  over  a  space  of  at 
least  eight  inches.  On  ■].'JO,000  letters  a 
man's  hand^givc  me  that  piece  of  paper — 
would  travel  over  3,000,000  inches.  Divi.Ie 
by  twelve,  and  you  have  300,000  feet.  Di- 
vide again  by  .'j,280,  and  you  have  nearly 
fitiy-seveu  miles.  That's  as  far  as  from 
here  to  Trenton.  That's  one  day's  jouruey 
of  a  man's  hand.  The  second  day  the  hand 
would  he  past  Philadelphia.  In  a  week  it 
would  be  over  towards  Pittsbureh,  and  in  a 
little  more  than  fimrteen  months  the  hand 
would  circumnavigate  the  world,  like  Cyrus 
W.  Field.  Think  of  it !  What  a  vast  waste 
of  force!  I  haven't  taken  into  account, 
eitlier,  the  e-^ttra  work  of  the  men  who  sell 
the  stamp.s,  or  that  of  the  pef)ple  who  lick 
them  and  put  them  on  the  letters.  But  let 
us  suppose  that  ihe  tearing  off,  licking  and 
sticking  on  of  each  stamp  takes  half  a  miu- 
uto.  That's  4.50,000  half  minutes,  or  225, 
000  minutes.  There  are  1,440  minutes  in  a 
day.  Now  divide,  that  makes  15t)4  day's 
time  put  in  on  each  dny's  mail.    Now  in  the 

year Must  you  got     Well,  good-by! 

Try  to  discourage  that  fashion." 


-In   a   New  England  grave- 


Extra  Copies  of  the  "Journal" 
will  be  sent  free  to  teachers  and  others  who 
desire  to  make  an  effort  to  secure  a  club  of 
subscribers. 


Hoiv  Women  keep  "  Expense- 
books." 

It  is  »  touching  sight  to  see  a  woman  be- 
gin tu  make  up  her  expenses,  having  firmly 
resolved  to  put  down  every  cent  she  spends, 
so  as  to  tiud  out  how  to  economize,  and 
where  all  the  money  goes.  Procuring  a  small 
book,  she  makes  a  due  entry,  and  on  Mondny 
after  the  first  Saturday  on  which  her  husband 
brings  home  bis  pay,  she  tvirefully  tears  the 
margin  ott  a  newspa)>er  and,  with  a  blunt 
pencil,  strikes  a  trial-balance  something  in 
this  way : 

John  brought  me  home  $48.50,  and  $1  43 
I  had  is  $49.!»3,  and  $1.00  I  lent  Mrs.  Dixon 
ia  $.50.i)3— but  hold  on,  I  ought  not  to  enter 
iliat,  because  when  she  returns  it,  it'll  go 
down.  That  was  $iy.93,  and  what  have  I 
done  with  tbatf 

Then  she  puts  dowi-  the  figures,  leaving 
out  the  items  to  save  time — a  process 
which  enables  ber  to  leave  out  most  of  the 
items  to  where  a  round  sum  is  involved,  ou 
the  supposition  that  they  have  already  been 
put  down.     As  thus: 

Six  dollars  and  fourteen  cents  for  meiit, 
and  ten  cents  for  celery,  and  10  cents  in  the 
street  c.ar»,  and  a  bad  .5  cent  piece  I  got  in 
exchange,  and  $2  81  ceuis  I  paid  the  milk- 
man—who owes  me  19  cents  — that's  $3. 
and  15  cents  at  church,  and  the  groceries — 
they  were  eith&r  $15.1>0  or  $10.60,  and  I 
don't  remember  which  they  were,  but  I 
guess  it  must  have  been  $15.60,  for  the 
grocer  said  that  if  I  would  give  him  a  dime 
he  would  give  mo  half  a  dollar,  which  would 
make  even  change,  and  I  couldn't  because 
the  smallest  I  had  was  a  quarter- and  $2.7.5 
for  mending  Katie's  shoes,  which  is  theiast 
money  that  shoemaker  ever  gets  out  of  me, 
and  10  cents  for  celery — no,  I  put  that  down. 

Finally  she  sums  up  her  trial- balance 
sheet,  and  finds  that  it  foots  up  $04. 28, which 
is  about  $15  nn)re  than  she  had  originally. 
She  goes  over  the  list  several  times  and 
checks  it  carefully,  but  all  the  items  are  cor- 
rect,and  she  is  just  about  in  despair  when  her 
good  aagel  hints  that  there  may  be  a  possible 
mistake  in  the  addition.  Acting  upon  the 
suggestion  she  foots  up  the  column  and  finds 
that  the  total  ia  $44.28,  and  that  according 
to  the  principles  of  the  arithmetic  she  ought 
to  have  $5.05.  Then  she  ccmnts  her  cash 
several  times,  the  result  varying  from  $1.40 
up  to  $1.97,  but  then  she  happily  discovers 
that  she  has  been  mistaking  a  $2  gold  piece 
for  a  cent,  and  remembers  that  she  gave  ilic 
baby  a  trade  dollar  t"  cut  its  gums  with 
Ou  the  whole  she  has  come  within  8(>  cents 
of  a  balance,  and  thai,  she  says,  is  close 
enough,  and  she  enters,  in  one  line  of  the 
account  book:  "Dr. — by  household  ex- 
penses," 80  much  :  and  is  very  happy  till 
she  remembers,  just  before  going  to  bed, 
that  she  had  omitted  $2  75~for  herhushand's 
hat. 

Great  Powek  in  Fine  Writinc;.— 
During  a  lull  in  tiie  proceedings  in  the  Jef- 
ferson Market  Police  Court  recently,  an 
underaized  man,  named  Juhn  McEntorich, 
said  to  JuMice  Ford: 

"  Mina  says  she'll  be  good,  Judge.  She 
wrote  me  all  about  it." 

"  Whu  is  Mina  f"  Justice  Ford  asked. 

"Dou'i  you  know.  Judge  f"  the  little 
man  said  ;  "  why,  Mina  is  my  wife.  She  was 
f^eui  to  the  Island  a  couple  of  weeks  ago  by 
you  for  three  mouths." 

"Well,  what  do  you  want  me  t..  d.i  ?  "  the 
Couil  inquired. 

"  Do,  Judge!  Why,  I  want  you  to  let  her 
go,"  said  the  man.  "  She  wrote  me  a  very 
pretty  letter,  saying  that  she'd  stop  driukintr 
and  be  a  g.uHl,  faithful  wile  hereafter.  Would 
you  like  to  see  Ihe  letter!" 

Upon  consideration  Justice  Ford  look  the 
letter,  lo..ked  it  over  and  asked  McEuiench 
it  his  wife  had  really  written  the  letter. 

"MiiJH  don't  write  herself.  Souik  one 
wrote  It  for  her,"  eai    McEnterirb. 

"  There  is  a  grejit  power  in  li.ie  writing, 
especially  when  it  c<.me8  from  the  soul  of 
the  writer,"  said  Justice  Ford;  "but  I  don't 
think  Mina  means  what  somebody  else  says. 


Come  to  me  in  about  a  mouth  and  I'll  se< 
what  ril  <lo  for  you."— A'.  Y.  Telegram. 


Importance  of  Penmanship. 
By  Miss  Zeli..\  M.  Boit.k.  • 

We  have  chosen  for  o»r  theme  a  eulogy 
on  the  art  of  all  arts  ].res.  rvativ.  Few 
subjects  have  ^ven  rise  to  more  discussion, 
than  the  question  "  When  and  Where  did 
Writiiic  Originate  ? '' 

We  learn  that  oral  communications  bad 
existed  fur  ages.  Previous  In  that  timo 
ideas  were  presented  to  the  eye,  by  symboli- 
cal characters  'chilled  Hieroglyphics.  Of 
course  these  were  rude  and  uncertain,  but 
without  them  all  really  ancient  history 
would  bo  lost  lo  us. 

About  .500  B.  C.  letters  were  introduced 
into.Greece;  these  were,  at  first,  but  sixteen 
in  number;  being  found  insufiicieQr,  eight 
more  were  added,  later. 

and  other  valuable  relics,  it  would  seem  that 
capital  lettorH  wire  used  almost  exclusively. 
During  the  sixth  century  Saxon  written 
characters  were  gradually  disseminated  in 
England,  and  they  softened  the  bold  Roman 
text  wonderfully. 

The  invention  of  printing,  in  the  fifteenth 
century,  brought  writing  almost  to  a  stand- 
still. But  since,  without  abniing  its  unport- 
ance.  the  art  of  writing  has  been  applied 
more  widely  than  ever  to  the  practical  and 
every -day  business  of  life,  and  it  has  so  grad- 
ually developed  from  the  rude  hieroglyphics 
of  antiquity,  until  now  it  has  become  the 
most  enviable  of  modern  classic  arts. 

The  art.  of  penmanship  has  no  peer  in 
simplicity,  beauty  or  real  practical  utility. 
A  moment's  reflection  will  convince  any  one 
of  its  great  importance.  There  is  no  trade 
or  profession  where  penmanship  is  not  of 
the  greatest  necessity,  as  it  ia  intimately 
eimnecied  with  every  commercial  or  business 
relatiim  of  Itfo.  By  its  power,  thoughts  and 
ideas  are  enabled  to  assume  a  visible  form, 
aud  the  eye  may  follow  the  workings  of  the 

The  efforts  of  the  merchant  would  be  very 
uncertain,  indeed,  svere  he  denied  his  ledger 
and  other  characteristics  of  his  business ; 
without  these,  aud  the  pen  to  execute,  ho 
would  be  like  a  mariner  on  the  open  sea, 
without  compass  or  glass. 

For  a  lady  or  gentleTnan  seeking  employ- 
ment, there  is  no  better  recommendation 
than  A  good  handwriting — at  least,  none 
that  will  so  readily  aid. 

Many — in  fact,  most — of  our  prominent 
business  aud  political  men  are  close  to 
their  good  handwriting  for  their  early  suc- 
cess in  life. 

When  a  business-man  wishes  assistance 
in  any  of  his  numerous  and  arduous  duties 
he  always  prefers  a  good  penman,  if  his 
other  qualifications  come  up  to  the  standard ; 
for  his  penmanship  alone  renders  him  or 
her  (as  the  case  may  be)  a  desirable  assist- 

A  person,  if  he  is  only  a  good  penman, 
ueed  not  remain  long  either  in  poverty  or 
obscurity.  There  is  always  a  place  for  him, 
for  the  demand  for  such  is  creatly  in  ad- 
vance of  the  supply.  And  the  teaching  of 
penumuship  is  an  admirable  vocation  fo 
either  sex.  Many  ladies,  reared  in  allluenee, 
have,  by  the  miafortnne  which  will  some- 
times overtake  the  most  wary,  been  reduced 
to  the  most  extreme  poverty ;  but  they  ueed 
not  long  remain  so,  if  they  have  any  energy 
whatever,  for  what  can  be  more  pleasant  or 
lady-like  than  teaching  a  class  in  penman- 
ship t  that  is,  if,  in  their  allluenee,  they  were 
not  too  indifferent  or  too  indolent  to  culti- 


.rk 


Whether  he  be  handsome  or  not,  the  photo, 
iu  my  estimation,  is  much  handsomer  if  the 
signature  is  plain,  neat  and  legible,  instead 
..r  an  uurcadal.lH  s(-,a«i.  Au.l  when  sent 
to  the  jiriiiler,  a  well  written  document  is 
always  certain  to  be  correctly  printed;   aud 


vate  this  oece 

ssary 

art. 

To  the  lite 

Hti,  a 

n  anthc 

r  of  any  kind 

any  public  m 

n,  a 

good  1 

indwriling  is 

dispensiible. 

b'or 

accompanying    his  w 

IS    generally 

his 

photo 

aud     signati 

^-k^^:.  '  /''^^^~'"™^'^   '■■    '^ 


Ihe  author  himself  mast  thrill  with  datisfac- 
tion  and  gratification,  wJipo  he  viewR  a  well 
M-ritf-D  and  legible  manuscript  of  hix  uwn 
r«in  position. 

At<i«Ie  from  any  busiaeag  correspoDdeDW, 
the  exchaoge  of  frienJly  seatitneot,  etc,  de- 
pends Irfi-ee  on  the  use  of  the  pen.  FrieDds 
(■annot  always  remain  together.  The  great 
law  of  the  universe  is  change.  How  iucon- 
Ki'lnble  we  would  fec-1  did  we  not  have  the 
dutinfrtctioD  of  pending  and  receiving  ines- 
ii«(;p»  of  dt-ar  absent  ones.  And  how  wel- 
roiiic  are  euch  messages.  IJow  dtsappoiuted 
we  arc,  if,  on  the  expected  day  of  arrival, 
thoy  are  not  received.  How  wc  watch  and 
wait  for  them ;  and  when  they  du  come, 
the  oagemf>8«  with  which  they  are  devoured 
Cmentally,  of  courae),  HPrvea  to  snow  over 
blessed  i»  the  pen.  Penmanship  is  a  branch 
of  education  which  not  only  traias  the  mind 
nnd  eye  to  the  accuracy  of  form,  hut  enables 
UN  to  overcome  the  difficulty  of  making  the 
hand  obey  the  intellect,  and  execute  what 
the  understanding  perceives;  showing  the 
marked  difference  between  the  ability  toseb 
and  to  do.  Thus,  if  only  for  the  cultivation 
of  the  eye,  and  taste,  is  penmanship  im- 
portant. 

The  art  of  writing  is  the  preservative  of 
hijitory.  Through  its  agency,  the  Old  World 
liei!i  befoie  us  like  a  map :  the  rise  aud  fall ; 
the  triumphs  and  defeats  of  the  mighty 
Eastern  empires  and  dynasties  ;  for  the  pen 
^  hath  faithfully  perforuied  its  task.  The 
literature  of  the  Old  Worid  is  ours  through 
tliiit  tiuriic  great  intervention. 

Lven  at  this  late  day,  the  discoveries  made 
in  IH8J.  in  the  finding  of  inumiiiies  of  royal 
personages,  with  rolls  of  papyri,  are  a  sub- 
ject of  great  congratulation  to  historians. 
It  is  hoped  the  rolls  will  supply  the  missing 
link  in  dome  parts  of  sacred  history.  "  The 
discoveries  were  made  in  the  Dyhinn  mount- 
ains, in  a  cut  of  solid  rock.  Among  the 
eiribaliocd  were  found  the  bodies  of  King 
Thothmcs  III,  (l,GOO  B.  C),  and  King 
lUmeses  II,  (]:):JU  11.  C).  Moses,  it  is 
claimed,  was  born  iu  the  sixth  year  of  the 
latter  sovereign's  reign.  The  body  of  the 
princess  who  saved  Moses  from  the  hul- 
ruRh<--s,  lies  in  a  state  of  jterfect  preserva- 
tion. The  coffiu  is  beautifully  ornaiiienied 
with  rich  coloi'ii  and  precious  stones.  These 
sarco]diagi  were  doubtless  placed  there  for 
safe-keeping,  during  the  Persian  invasion." 

How  different  lliere  to  our  own  hemi- 
sphere. Our  knowledge  of  it  is  limited  lo  a 
period  of  four  hundred  years,  whilu  the  age 
of  fifty-five  centuries  beyond  lies  shrouded 
iu  impenetrable  darkness. 

Uuinistakable  footprints  of  a  numerous 
race  have  been  found ;  otherwise,  what 
uieaus  the  mighty  cities  and  foreat-crowned 
pyramids  that  spot  our  entire  continent. 
Yet  we  kuow  nothing  whatever  of  these, 
save,  iu  answer  to  the  qoery ;  *'  What  said 
Indian  traditiuu  of  these  monuments  t  "  It 
m  replied:  "Our  fathers,  when  they  came  to 
iliifl  CDuutry,  found  these  mouumeuts  of  a 
perished  rac->,  as  they  now  are;  when  and 
by  whoui  were  they  roared,  they  know  not 
and  we  know  not. 

It  is  still  hoped  that  in  some  secret  place 
the  deep  tracings  of  some  historic  Moses 
uiay  yet  be  revealed  by  the  true  tracing  of 
the  noble  veu,  sometbiug  to  tell  us  of  those 
who  oiice  ruled  aud  reigned  here. 

Thu-s  "the  peu  engraves  for  tvery  art, 
and  indites  for  every  press.  It  is  the  pres- 
ervation '.f  language,  the  business-man's  se- 
curity, the  poor  boy's  pfttron,  and  the  ready 
slave  of  the  world  of  loiud." 

Is  it  not  singularly  strange,  that  the  very 
branch  that  enters  most  largely  into  all  the 
siK-ial  and  business  relations  of  life,  in  the 
most  indifferently  t«nght  of  all  branches 
constituting  our  modern  course  of  school 
training  t 

I  ask,  is  it  not  a  sad  commenlary  on  the 
b<nwied  mtelligence  of  the  nation,  when  we 
have  in  Pennsylvania  thirty-five  thousand 
voters  who  cannot  write  their  names;  and 
in  Xew  York  this  class  nutnberR  not  less 
than  fifty  thousand  men.  Wo,  as  students, 
may  not  be  able  to  do  much,  but  let  us  give 
expresaioD  to  our  oonvictiona,  by  attempting 


to  wipe  out  this  dark  stain  from  our  fair 
educational  polity. 

Let  us  no  longer  consider  this  useful  art  a 
myslfry  confined  lo  the  gifted  few;  but  let  it 
take  its  proper  place  among  the  arts,  in  oar 
education.  Let  us  consider  our  education 
greatly  defective,  unless  we  are  able  to  write 
a  plain,  neat,  graceful  hand.  I  hope  I  have 
convinced  all,  that  the  old  aud  time-worn 
axiom,  "The  pen  is  mightier  than  the 
sword,"  is  true  as  well  as  poetical.  No 
matter  whether  made  of  steel,  eonseqnill, 
or  gold  with  diamond  point,  it  records  with 
accuracy  the   deeds  of  men,  as  individuals 

«llb  beaiM  of  llghl ; 

—l^enn.  Business  College  Journal. 

TnE  Inscription. — At  the  beginning  of 

the  present  century,  a  trick  was  played  on 
a  learned  antiquary,  by  a  student  who  pre- 
tended to  have  found,  on  the  heights  of 
Montmartre,  an  ancient  stone  bearing  the 
inscription : 

C.E S.T.I C.I.L.E.C H. 

E.M I.N.D E.S.A.N E.S. 

.  .  .  .  Many  members  of  the  Academic  des 
Inscriptions  were  said  to  have  been  caught 
by  it.  Tiie  more  they  cudgeled  their  brains 
the  further  they  wandered  from  the  interpre- 
tation thereof.  Whereas,  the  letters,  read 
straight  on,  would  have  told  them  that 
*' C'est  ici  ie  chemin  des  anes."     "T.H.  .  . 

•  .  I.S.I.S.T.II E.P.A.T H.F.O. 

R.D O.N.K .  E.Y.S." "  This 

IS  the  path  for  donkeys." — l,ondon  Society. 


(By  n.  ■ 


What  is  n  letter?  "A  written  mewage." 
—  Webster.  "A  talk  on  paper."— Jo  ion - 
send.  A  record  of  thought."— iZ(7i.  "  A 
]>i«iure  of  thought." — Spencer. 

Yes,  "a  picture  of  thought,"  but  a  very 
iuiporfpcl  <me.  A  mere  sketch,  that  requires 
a  master  artist,  with  his  brush  of  imagina- 
tion, to  reproduce  in  true  color  aud  outline; 
a  mere  negative,  that  does  not  truthfully 
represent  the  ))rigiual  thought,  (which,  per- 
haps, has  half  flown  ere  the  writer  can  re- 
cord it),  nor  clearly  define  the  writer's 
meaning  until  retouched  with  imagination's 
keenest  pencil,  aud  subjected  to  memory's 
light,  till  every  feature  aud  expression  of  the 
writer  is  fully  recalled  to  the  vision  of  the 
mind's  eye. 

I  would  say,  too,  an  imperfect  picture,  if 
written  by  almost  any  one,  for  how  few  can 
perfectly  define  or  clearly  express  their  exact 


I  say  a  mere  sketch,  when  wriiten  by  one 
of  those  rapid  thinkers  whose  pen  cannot 
keep  pace  with  his  thoutihts  ;  aud  who  for- 
gets the  hitter  part  of  his  >eutonce  while 
writing  the  first;  or  in  trying  to  keep  pace 
with  hia  thoughts  omits  some  important 
word,  aud,  in  his  haste  sends  it  uncorrected. 

I  would  say  a  sketch,  if  written  by  an  un- 
educated person,  or  one  who  finds  it  difficult 
to  express  his  thoughts. 

'I  Biy  a  mere  negative,  if  written  in  the 
moat  exact,  clear  and  appropriate  languatre; 
for,  as  lago  requires  a  Lawrence  Barrett, 
and  Hamlet  a  Booth,  with  their  faultless  ex- 
pression and  gesture,  to  bring  out  the  writer's 
full  meanmg ;  so  that  the  writer  must  be 
read  iu  the  writer's  spirit  in  order  to  gel  its 
full  meaning  and  weight. 

I  will  illustrate  this  point  by  the  follow- 
ing quotation  from  a  lady's  letter  to  a  friend  : 
"How  I  wish  I  did  not  have  to  peu  this, 
for  in  writing  you  see  naught  but  the  cold 
path  of  the  pen,  while  in  speaking  you  could 
read  the  pain  it  costs  me,  in  my  eyes." 

A.  man's  ability  to  coii-prehend  a  lerter 
depends  upon  his  knowledge  of  human  na- 
ture, intimacy  with  the  writer,  etc. 

The  master  artist  is  he  who  is  possessed 
of  a  broad  knowledge  of  human  nature, 
keen  perceptive  and  imaginative  powers, 
go<^  memory  and  a  disposition  to  read  with 
oa»  and  understanding. 


He  it  is,  who  reads,  pauses,  recalls  to 
memory  the  exact  expression  worn  by  the 
writer,  under  similar  circumstances;  con- 
siders th"  writer's  surroimdings,  dipposition 
(to  jest  or  otherwise),  advantages  of  educa- 
tion, mood  white  writing,  etc. 

One  often  writes  while  angry,  or  unwell, 
that  which  be  really  does  not  mean.  The 
mood  has  cast  its  shadow  across  the  page, 
like  a  blur  on  the  painter's  picture. 

Now  begins  the  retouching  process.  Aa 
the  artist  (familiar  with  his  subject)  would 
grasp  his  brush,  and  reproduce  the  blurred 
■  lulliue,  and  blended  color,  so  the  reader, 
(knowing  bis  friend's  disposition)  giasps  bis 
brush  of  imagination,  exposes  the  letter  to 
memory's  light,  makes  due  allowance  fjr 
the  writer's  mood,  and  tlius  arrives  at  its 
true  meaning. 

Art  and  Science. — For  art  and  science 
are  not  of  the  world,  though  the  world  may 
corrupt  them  ;  they  have  the  nature  of  re- 
ligion. When,  therefore,  we  see  them  shak- 
ing iiff  the  feite-s  of  the  reigning  religion, 
we  may  be  anxious,  but  we  are  not  to  call 
this  an  outbreak  of  secularity  ;  it  is  the  ap- 
pearance of  new  forms  of  religion,  whichi 
if  they  tlireaten  orthodoxy  threaten  secularity 
quite  as  much.  Now,  secularity  is  the  Eng- 
lish vice,  and  we  may  rejrticc  to  see  it  at- 
tacked. It  ought  to  be  the  beginning  ol  a 
new  life  for  England  that  the  heavy  mater- 
ialism which  has  so  long  weighed  up<m  her 
is  shaken  at  last.  We  "have  been  perhaps 
little  aware  of  it,  as  one  is  usually  little 
aware  of  the  atmosphere  one  has  long 
breathed.  We  have  been  aware  only  of  an 
energeticindustrialism.  We  have  been  proud 
of  our  natural  "self-help,"  of  ouv  industry 
aud  Solvency,  and  have  taken  as  but  the  due 
reward  of  these  virtues  our  good  fortune  in 
politics  and  colonizatiou.  We  Iiave  even 
framed  for  ourselves  a  sort  of  Deuierouomic 
religi<m,  which  is  a  groat  comfort  to  us ;  it 
teaches  that  because  we  are  honest  and 
'peaceable  and  industrious,  therefore  our 
Jehovah  gives  us  wealth  in  abundauce,  and 
our  exports  and  imports  swell,  and  our  debt 
diminishes  and  our  emigrants  people  half 
tlie  globe. — Natural  Meligion. 


The  Common  School.—"!  believe  iu 
colleges  and  academies,  and  select  aud  higlr 
schools,  but  I  would  rather  see  them  perish 
than  the  common  school  perish.  I  would 
frtiu  have  the  common  school  mad^  strong 
aud  so  good,  so  large,  so  luminous,  so  tuU  of 
marrow  of  guod  things,  that  they  who  dwell 
iu  the  neighborhood  of  it,  no  matter  how 
rich  they  may  be,  cannot  aflord  to  send 
their  children  anywhere  else.  Make  that 
which  you  do  for  common  people  belter  than 
that  which  can  be  done  by  select  classes  in  a 
CI  minuuiiy  for  themselves.  Make  such  pro- 
vision for  the  education  of  the  commonest 
common  people  that  the  richest  uncommon 
people  will  come  suppliantly  and  ask  for 
their  children  the  privileges  of  participating 
in  the  advantages  of  the  common  schoftl. 
And  keep  it  commim.  Bring  everybody  to 
it,  and  let  them  there  learn  each  o.hei-'« 
brotherhood — and  thus  society,  beginning 
and  passing  through  the  common  schoul, 
will  form  sympathetic  as.<iociation  which  %vill 
no  luore  be  forgotten  by  men  than  the  wide- 
spread branches  of  a  tree  forget  the  roots 
from  which  all  their  magnificence  draws 
sustenance." — Henry  Ward  Beecher. 


Mosquitoes  and  Elephants.— Thick 
as  i«  an  elephant's  skin,  do  living  creature 
suffers  more  from  flies,  mosquitoes,  leorhea. 
aud  other  vermin  than  he.  The  porea  are 
very  large,  and  gadHien  and  mosquito  s,  etc.. 
worm  themselves  into  the  hollow  and  suck 
to  ropletiim.  Thu«  the  whole  day  Iftug  they 
are  constantly  throwing  up  dirt,  squirting 
saliva  or  frater,  tn  get  rid  of  these  pests,  to' 
the  great  annoyance  of  their  riders.  They 
snore  a  good  deal  when  lusleep,  and  I  have 
often  seen  them  resiing  their  bonds  on  an 
outstretched  foot  when  lying  down.  They 
are  very  hunmn-like  iu  many  of  their  ways. 
They  get  n  piece  of  wood  and  use  it  as  a 
toithpick.  They  scratch  themselves  with 
the  tip  oi  their  proboscis,  and  if  they  can- 
Dol  reach  the  place  with  that  they  take  up 
a  branch  and  use  that.  N:itivos  say  they 
plug  up  bullet-holes  with  clay,  but  I  never 
knew  an  instance  of  it  myself. — 77«  London 
Field.  _____ 

The  Jargestgnn  business  is  that  of  Kritpp, 
at  Essen.  The  population  of  the  Esaen 
works  is  15,700,  and  the  number  of  boilers 
and  eneiues  is  extraordinary— 420  boilers, 
4Q:}  steam  engines,  with  a  horsepower  of 
18,51)0;  82  steam  hammers,  1,556  furnaces, 
of  which  14  are  high  furnaces,  producing 
300.000  tons  of  steel  and  2ti,000  tons  of  iron 
yearly. 

Happy  New  Year  Cards  for  1883. 

lit- w  ill  (t>'i>ii;ii.  uud  very  arlictio.  Niiiunl«.pac)t,  85  oenw  j 
300  iiy  \m'M  W-U«  40%:  vmoftt.  fu  c«n(>  wttre. 
f!'nui|i!p.Hli.'*'i.  3  wHild.  30  New  Yrnr  Ciinl«  and  the  Ptn- 
man-A  Gaieltt.  1  >-«nr.  30  oenW;  200  Ull^M]gl)  Cardi  and 

t^  Order  early  before  we  mn  blioH. 
New  Knglnnd  Cartl  Co.. 


FLOURISHED  SPECIMENS. 


Youp  Money  Returned 


SITUATIONS. 


I  wt*ll.iiualifl«d  leaohan 
MM  <A  Buoh  ore  requeMed 

>adway.  Near  Torii. 


M  A  Y  H  E  W  S 

UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual   of    Business    Practice, 

With  CiirrtiiKiy  niiri  BiuIdvm  I>apen  fur  m«,  lu  In  nail. 
cuiidiK'trd  actual  burinai,  ure  iiswl  in  leudlug  CMifgm 
aod  fiiiMiitv*  CiitleKiM  tit  Auierim  rhut  M«k  th«  btti  aidl 
Id  Bueiui»»  l^diiiuitluD.  nod  in  thiwe  And  thdr  irauts  AiUt 
met.  Evi^i.  ttiHxl  Biithoni  use  tbeiu  in  [wfereuw  tn  Ibw 
own   wiirk*'      A    dialiogulshed   jouniiili«t    writMi    "I 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LLD., 
Detroit.  Mich 


4jh^J:l=l;I.I.IHg-frj 

n  Series  of 

bcHnnL  PEi^s, 

^OPe/iji^STrf/.  PSA/s //v  use     *■  ■  ' 


Ht.yE»(M3L»;S  \\ii 


^/-/^l^MJ 


q    ■    ^.,-^^ ■ ^ 

cykf-^y^^^9Q  „ /id 

^^  I  ^7^tM""*"K»  i.v.:^^j  -_ 

@/iciJ^./riX^^ yJSJ 


lUntn^plinuiS 


^Og^COt^BGE  JOORJ^ 


7*r  c«b  upon  (ftis  and  foUomttg  panes  an  all  pholo  engraved  from  pen-ami-ink  copies,  extcuUd  at  the  office  of  the  '■  Journal,"  and  are  gicen  to  show  the  practical 

application  of  pennianihip  and  photo-engraving  to  commercial,  professional  and  artistic  purposes.     Orders  for  similar  work  are  received  and  filled  at 

the  '■Journal"  office.     ITie  facilities  for  getting  up  all  kinils  of  Diplomas,  Certificates,  displaij  cuts  for  papers,  Cataloguts,  Letter-heads. 

Business- cords,  etc.,  are  superior.      College  Currencv  and  Blank  School  Diplomas  are  kept  in  stock,  and  orders  can   he 

JiUed  by  rxum  Df  moti.    Oirtmlan  free.    Sptdmens  cent  on  receipt  of  ^i  cenlt. 


^^SittY  pantc  ^iiur^i 


JLk^Ur^'H  It  :^ 


W^«5!^^/yi*^//'^^/'^<^2^%:i^i ^e^^J^/^jf 


^'l/.A, 


5S^',>^.V',    ^^^ 


1  axc^^^ttl'  ^-"' -re^^^^^^ 


^,^1ot^C>TED   roS'5!l£7;/CAL  EDUCKll^-'^>  \ 


'C     ^ 


r^ 


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fe^, 


^''*5r'      --^-^^ 


m& 


'-<^,   JULa  J^.>UT^^'.'  Ji  ^io^V  JTiiiUiajg^jE:.^^ 


\ji, 
"\,.^ 


^^ 


U), 


^//(/Mcc//f///\^  '7icfra)<7y//uc 'J/ IcrrJJy,  /■,, :/c  ///(//  '/ac.Jf//u /i  xr/ '/nj  cAcui/^llatiHntrJ'.alc^^  fU/ft^ 


rrly-/l/l/'/)////,r/r  if  (////  rf//  c^^/f'^  Jfy//,)/r!c/f  /'//"(////(  //     r^     O'/i    rf  /  r  /  r    j//-/////<^   /f/u.)    r 


— ^c.@^slimnt£s  um^^^;^t^  ^^chiunta  fitrutsl^ir  mtr^ttst«z>gB-- 


ph  (.!',(■; 7 


ft"lI^KKDi;X<^Y.     .^-^V 


[[^^i'-V't     ^.X,     lltl.  KS  -%  CKJ 


—      loj,  III!    lIx^\^s\<  ri<>\  <>i  M*»i\i*.s 


"^.Ujlr/      (CiHiliicr^ 


>?/.£^  y«jc  /^SiilfnL 


t^^V  Cy/i/i/j/    ,  f 


I.  «i'J"  i3 


M-j^yy^^^,  uiji?) 


^.„^.;^^TirAI.  gliSi;VESS  J^ep/\ktm(E;r^: 


^'-v 


-fesi'ES©' 


>:S^&^ 


^»iS 


^i 


K^S9> 


--^'  "^"^  j.^AIii.- 


,x^i'^Jurj^^^ 


•I  HI-;  NEW 

fi/?M*r  <£  STRATTON 

BOOK-KEEPING     BLANKS, 

A.ljinlwl  fc.r  .i«r  will)  M  williuul  T«t-Boi)k, 
>„.l  ll,.-  only  M  m-,m,mHid«l  K, 

"THK  NKW 

Bryant  &   Stratton 

Counting-House-Bookkeeping." 


DiwrripliTtt  J,i(i  uiiw  naily.    Com«pooilem«  tnvile 
Tb«  bMt  Fen  In  Iho  U.  S..  and  Ibo  liMt  PeiimeTi  we  t 

"JOHN  D'S  FAVORITE  PEN. 

Tbia  r«n,  known  by  the  abov*  tllln,  In  itianufhcInT 
Ihe  bMt  atevl,  Mud  mraftillr  Mil«<4«d.    Tb«>-  itre  j-bi 

i.r'»  iiit^.      Put  ii|i  In   Woxtm.  oonlBin.njt  an  1 
PoKt-pild  on  reooijit  of  5*5  cpiiln. 

DANIEL  SLOTE  &  CO., 


k.T.r-, 


1 1^1 


1-21   Wl 


/■//£  DAY  SPACING 
Shading     T     Square. 


iincvi  nnct  dM  n  1>        A 

205     niodiVR 
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NK      VO  K        >  27     8S0 


INSTRiU^OTION 


VERY 
iae.  Old 
ilile.  one 


«.ul«d  by  ll».  ".ul-     W-  wv  ounsluutly  u»>ntf  IbiM  I'wn. 
ui>|  i>riM  ilicu>  l>k*lil>  :  u  M>i  .>!  ttire*.  uialltNirur  »l  »>nt>. 

M.tMiWtluMU.    Addr«»,  pESiUJii'6  ABT  JOUBSAL, 

DOS  BiuMtiny,  Svw  York. 


©1.00  >-^1.00  SI. GO         Sl.OO 

GRAND  OFFER 

To  the  Readers  of  "The  Penman's  Art  Journal." 


End 

uae  $1  t> 

11  ill  a  Ietl«r,  aiid  you  will  i*ceive.  by  return  mail,  your  ctio 

'tiXI                -'      Cream  GUt-edffe  Catd^  4  varieties. 

250      "         ■■             ■■               "         '          ■■         Inpped  corner. 

aOO     "        '■             •'               "           env*loi«:  lap, 
aw  Hftke*»  Bevel-edge  Card*.  M«)ri«l  »iyl^9. 

^  .                                            :l 1  Slamp.  wiih  100  (lUt-ertge  Cards 

Our  new  and  reduced  piict^-lir^l  will  be  tent  to  atiy  penman,  upon  receipt  of  postal-oai-il. 
REFERENCE.—!).  T.  Ames,  publioher  of  THE  Penmajc's  Art  Jouknal,  says:  "  ^ 
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MONUY  KKFt'NDEn  IF  NoT  Satisfactohy. 

NEW  ENGLAND  CARD  CO., 

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A.  OSDOKX,  V.-P.  ,(■  Geii'l  Manager. 


>   |^C^\.''^^^    WO' V 

G.  T.  roiTEfl,  Srrrciarij. 
^  Examining  Finance    Ccn:mittee. 

^^  Hoa.  Edwaiid  D.  LovKniDGE,  E.  IL  Potter,  Eeq. 

^,.^^  Medical  Director :  E.  D,  Wiikeler. 

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upon  Satisfactory  Proof  of  Claim, 

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STUDENTS  MANUAL  OF 

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5.tt 


"mffl 


Corresponding  School 

SHORTHAND  WRITING 


THE  COLUMBUS  BUGGY   CO.; 


d  .1  YOUR 
OWN  1  N- 
TERESTS 


10  any  address. 

THE  COLUMBUS  BUGGY   CO., 

Columbus,  Ohio,  IS  the  Li.L'<'<^M-..ci..rvi.i  tbcworld 
fnr  first-class  BircEits,  Ph,n.>ns,  Si,rr(.>s  and  Car- 


\wwmmmm^ 


This   work   IS   uni\u-^il)j    cuiKMUd    l.j    th.    i.rtss    jindiwouil   pei 

geui'mllj,  til  be  tlie  most  (iimjirelipnsne,  pia*,tn,n!,   lud  rtilihtit  guide  to  ornai 
iimiislnp  Q\eT  publihhed       Stul,  (mai  OHtd,  to  jmj   jddiiss  on  receipt  of  $4. 
preniium.  for  a  tlub  of  J2  bub&tnbers  tj>  the  JouR^AL 
-    The  abo\e  cut  represents  ibe  Utle^jiage  uf  the  work,  vhioh  u  11x14  : 


SCRIPT  RULERS, 


nental  peu- 

»™i°ij  uSi  1?. 

,  ,i^i,ir...    w.H-1  [.„  i;. 

50,  or  as  a 

'"I'Uyaroliivuluab 

.loall»bi>.r.«»limg 

:-  ff 'Jii^a  J^i^w?jsyi''. 


1  IFTH    EDITION.  FIFTH    EDITION. 

REVISED  AND  IMPROVED. 

SADLER'S 

COUNTINCx-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC. 

A  New  and  Improved  Work  on  Business  Calculations, 

Specially  Prepared  as  a  Practical  Text-book  for  Business-Collegres. 

Hig:h  Schools,  Academies  and  Universities. 

Wlirn  firBl  puWinhed.  it  at  once  rweivtd  x\w  mroiigewl  iiniureemenl  ot  1111111)?  of  the 
I'.i'Iiiig  bUHinvsH  wJucatora  in  tliid  comitrv.  and  waw  arlopted  hy  uver  one  hundred  promineijl 
l^iHnvM-CuIlegfit  aud  Private  Hch»nl»  in  tliv  United  Sialee  Htid  tLe  CanadsH. 

^iiic**  that  time  it  has  been  able  mil  onl\/  l/>  retain  EVKHY  OXK  of  lis  patroiie,  but  also  to 
' '  not  KtbvrM.  in  auoh  numbers  that  (uur  large  editions  have  been  consumed  in  eiippl^-iug  thf 

TU^  fiji'th  edition, 

iil.1i=1(.il  (r,l-J  rnyal  octavo  papM).  bus  been  revised,  and  improved  by  the  addition  ol 
I'  "    imi  t-a1iiabtc  plateH,  together  wilh  the  correction  of  all  typographical  errors  incident 

In    ..i,hii,.i,  to  the   piibli'oatiun  of  tliei 
.f-  H  1-  :,Uo  published  in  two  Paris. 

PART    FIRST 

■i«en  IIW  royal  octavo  pages,  beginniui;  with  the  introduction  of  Arilbmetic.and  extending 
Hubjeot  of  Perct-ntage,  The  metboua  are  adapted  to  daily  use,  very  practical,  and  em- 
nany  novel  features. 

PART    SECOND 


>;Lnd. 


Moick  a 


ork  (:i. 


practit'iil  tbn 

A« 
fm  of  the 


t  lliorough,  exhaustive,  and  pre-eu 
in  a  systematic  aird  natural  order, 
f-n)  wa«  first  published  in  Septembi 
ii;iiid  fur  a  new  edition  became  as 
irliineiic,  as  now  published,  presi-i 
mil  ihat  it  ismoretliorougb.  comp 


HXl-lM.i.k  tor  r.Msli.H-^.Ci.llHKHH  aud  Schools, 

^  which  havi!   been  ivceived  from  pairons  only,  who  hi 

WHAT  OUn  PATRONS  SAY: 

■After  two  ywm."  t«l  |       Pn.r.  S.  Bojranlue,  Sl-ringfleld,  nia.- 


t^-(-lupa»lia  of  f 
'.  M.  Herrold.  ^ 


'mm/yJ//7///y' 


STEEL  PENS 

SCRIPT  RULERS. 

Then. 


SPECIALTIES. 

WRITING-INKS.  DRAWING-PENCILS. 

OBLIQUE  PENHOLDERS. 


has  been  identified  with  a  leading  system  of  inatrnoiion  in  writing 
for  over  forty  years.  Our  Copy-books  have  borne  that  demgnation  siucetli*i>4.  aud  our  Steel 
Pens  siiK-e  ItJliO.  More  recently  it  has  also  been  used  by  ub  as  a  special  iradt  marli  for  all  our 
penmanship  publications  and  ntaiinnera'  specialties. 

It  is  recognized  everywhere  as  a  guaranty  ol  the  superiorily  of  anything  whioli  l^eKira 
tliat  well-known  and  standard  designation. 

SPENOERIAN  STEEL  PENS 

Are  used  by  all  the  beat  penmen  in  the  country.     They  combine  a  degree  of  elusiiciiv  and  a 
smoothness  of  point  not  found  in'  any  other  pens. 

Samples  of  the  FINB-roiXT  pens  sent  on  receipt  of  3-c'ent  siamp. 

SPENCERIAN  WRITING-INKS. 

Complaints  are  constantly  made  of  difficulty  in  getiiuf;  good 


Ily  being  brought  t 
usual  defects.     The  original  ri 
use  in  England  for  over  onf 
and   perwonal   attention   to  lln 
appreciated  by  all  who  may  ni 

CIRCULARS  SENT  ON  APPLICATION. 


eipta  from  which  the  Sp< 
mdrtd  year».    The  proprietor 
■  iirep«ralious.  aud  fully  belit 


^         ..  ^  as  novelties  are 

the  hope  that  they  may  prov«  free  from  tile 

Black  Ink  is  made  have  been  in 

have  devoted  ihe  greatest  care 

e  that   iheir  excellence  will  be 


t.  A.  ftnakpll,  Jomey  Citj-. — "I  cotuider  ll   Uie 

1       Prof.  W.  A.  Frazier.  Mansfield,  0.—"  Your  aritbiuetio 

Vm.  M.  Carponter.  St.  Lonif.— "  It  Is  oadoubl- 
bwiworkjiQbliBhed." 
H,  Hliiman.Woro«ter.— "ConiainB  more  wum 

Prof.  H.  A.  Aument.  Slerling,  111.— "It  is  eminently  a 
Prof  C.  A.  Burdett,  Bonlon.- "It  ia  invaluable  in  a 

Uiwo  mid  Puwen.  Chiraffo. — "I'be  l)Mt  work 
nd.    It  jni|<(>lif«  ti)  thp  higbest  degrw  a  need 

Prof.  D,  J   H.  War.1.  Ka«t  New  Lynn.  0.-"  I  ■■aunt. 
but  apeak  of  11  in  tie  highest  prwiae." 

.3.  Ryd«r.  TreDtoa.— "It  U  tlia  i«aenne  of 

Prof.  R,  B.  Oapin.  Augusta.  Me.—"  It  deaenres  a  place 
in  every  ai'hool,  office  and  countiDg-roora." 

:.  C.  A,  n«kPr.  Pattsvill..--;Tlie  mo.t  Ihor- 

Prof.  A,  W.  Smith,  Meadville.  Pa.— "  It  u  decidedly 

>.  R.  ItAlhtiiiD,  Ouiaba.— "It  hu  only  to  be 
■  prerticul  lcaob(-re  to  be  atiprecmled." 

Prof.  J.  II.  Alwood,  Onarga.  1)1.- "After  thoroughly 
teatmg.  aay  it  ta  the  best  work  ol  the  kind  belore  the 

.  R.  Law.  Union  City.— "It  b  not  equalled  by 

.  AI.  Devlin,  JsohaoD.— "  It  is  a  work  of  auperiur 

penor  work  for  bujiness.atudeoIs." 
Prof.  T.  J.  Baaaett,  Aurora,  Tl.- "It  la  the  beat— ex. 

.  B,  W()r(*8tBr,  San  Jose.  Cal.— -Hdv*  rever 

cellerilin  mailer  and  arrangement,  awperiorio  typography 

!"  iul!'lb"e^r'^  -lobMcellent  progrew  (h.m 

T.  Tanner,  Cleveland^"  It  ia  tiie  bnt  ar)U). 

B,  St««eU.-"Mo.t  anraoHve  In  «yle.  aud 

boat  and  most  compreheuwTe  work  ever  pahliihe<l." 

Ptof.O.  W.  Latimer.  Pateraon.  N.  J.-"Am  greatly 

A.  Gray^'-It  U  giving  perfect  aatlsfactlon  in 

Prof.  H.  C.  Clark,  Tituaville,  Pa— "Every  oommer. 
oiul  college  In  the  oouatry  should  adopt  il," 

.  C.  Coehnio,  Pittsburgh.— 'The  hwt.  moat 

Prof.  H.  M.  Barrioger.  Lawrene*,  Run. — "1  am  naing 

W.  Han,  Brooklyn.— ■■  It  is  tbe  bwi.  and 
l>e»l  we  liHvo  ever  u»»d  in  a  long  ejei>etience." 
I.    Si'r,i)f>i^,  Ringtlun,  Pa. — "It  npplios  llie 

Prof    Addla  Albro     Eaal  Oreenwich     HI       "I 

a.^"  "^""™'   •"'■'"^•''     ^-^  ""'"«  '*  -"''  '^■"' 

Prof.  Wm,  Herou.  Munohesler,  N.  H.— "  Moat  practical 
unlhmelic  publlfihed.    It  givea  great  autiafacMon.'"      ' 

M     .Mrl,i,.iiiliii,   Cbathnm,   Onl.— "WitUout 
ii«  -1  M.int'luleanibuieiiiipublUbed.': 

Profs.  ¥.  P.  Preultt  &.  Brother.  Fort  Worth,  Tex.- 

W.  St..iir,  Ibailx  Cr*ek-— "It  iaJiiRt  wLat  i. 

much  better  resulta  to  our  pupils." 

Prol.  P,  A.  Sleadman,  Hartford,  Ct— "It  la  auperiorlo 

0.  SkwU.  AUen'.  Grove.  Wl».— "It  i>  worthy 

any  other  anihmetic. 

olwiu  and Carburt.  Albany,— "Afterathofo ugh 
»  highly  plwued  wiib  It." 

L^Ciwaweller,  Pickering  College.  Oat.--  By 

nently  jiraunciiil.      Ita  tj-[wgraphy  ia  one  oT  its  aj^'iul 

Prof.  H.  S.  Dogifetl,  Supt.  Sohoola,  0.— "It  ia  pr» 
eniiueully  praoticiil." 

H.  VAitKt.  Clinlim.  Mis!<----lt  Is  a  auowNu. 

Pn>(  U.  A.  Twbin^j  Union  City,  Pa.—"  It  cannot  be 

SPENCERIAN  DRAWING-PENCILS. 

The  points  of  superiority  wlii<h  we  claim  for  these  pencils  are.  the  Fixr.ST  Gh.vpiiitk, 
"  UMFOUMITY  OP  Gradks, 

ingTlCN  pencils,  of  one  grade,  or  assorted  si/..-^.  will  he  s.-iil, 
for  trial,  by  mail,  on  receipt  of  40  cents, 

SPENCERIAN  SCRIPT  RULER.    • 

ouly  Slnndnrd  Alphabets  and  Figures,  but  a  teat  sentence,  embracing  the  entire 
t.  The  niaslery  nf  this  eeuienee  gives,  in  practical  writin_-,  the  key  to  all  combi- 
all  letters.  Tlie  various  scales  of  writing  required  in  boitk-Heepiug,  biisinesii 
■respondeuce.  as  published  on  this  Ruler,  makes  it  invaluable  to  college- students, 


FitKKDOM  FIIOM  GUIT, 
Sample-box,  coi 


small  alphal 
forms  and  ci 


SAMPLE  WILL  BK  SUNT,  BY  MAIL,  ON  RECEIPT  OF  30  CENTS. 

SPENCERIAN  OBLIQUE  PENHOLDER. 

This  new  and  improved  penliolder  enables  one  to  write  an  the  points  of  Ihe  pen.  instead 
ot  neross  them,  as  with  the  oidiuary  *.traif.'hl  penholder.  The  result  is  at  once  apparent  in  a 
greatly  increased  ease  and  sin.K.thness  iu  the  work  of  wiiting.  Bv  the  use  of  tins  holder  th« 
pen  itselt  always  acts  upon  both  poi.ils.  on  the  up  and  doxon  strokes,  and  beai<iefl,  by  \\ieahliqut 
princtpfe.  without  cramping  the  position  of  the  hand,  the  pen  is  thrown  at  the  proper  anyle  to 

For  the  convenience  of  teacliera,  we  will  «end  one  dozen,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  gl. 
We  Cannot  Fill  Orders  for  Less  than  One  Dozen. 

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Complete  Edition,  Expre». 

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a  work  ooiimioiiig  answers  to  all  the 


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NEW    YORK.    DFXEMBER.   1882. 


Vol.  VI.— No.  12. 


Lessons  in  Practical  Writing. 

No.  VII. 

IJv  IIrnrv  C.  Spencer. 

V«i<yr\Khi<>d,  Uixetnhmr.  1883,  bf  Sp«Doer  Bratliera. 

The  dofiign  of  this  lessoo  is  to  teach  the 
Upper  Extended  Loop  Letters,  h,  ft, 
/  anil  b.  These  depecd  chiefly  upon  the 
.■-i.'iiiled  loop,  or  fourth  principle,  for  iheir 
iMiiMfition.  Their  bight,  in  medium  hand, 
1-  three  limes  the  hight  of  the  sniall  i,  or 
i  of  au  incli.  In  writing  on  medium -ruled 
paper,  which  is  3  tjf  an  inch  between  lines, 
thf  tops  of  these  looped  letters  will  be  i  of 
til  i-»pace  from  the  ruled  line  above  them. 
I  ifiT  length  gives  them  prominence  in 
\Miiii)g.  Thoy  are  to  the  short  letters 
wl.at  thu  tall,  trim  poplars  are  to  the 
smaller  trees  of  the  shady  grove. 

The  introduction  of  extended  letters  in- 
crease!* somewhat  the  difficulty  of  writing 
through  words  without  lifting  the  hand  and 
pen ;  for,  while  the  pen  is  passing  to  the 
top  of  a  loop  and  returning  to  its  base,  there 
is  a  tendency  to  increase  the  pressure  upon 
the  third  and  fourth  fingers,  and  tlius  ob- 
struct the  progress  of  the  hand  across  the 
page.  To  overcome  this  tendency,  should 
be  the  steady  aim  of  every  writer. 

In  the  execution  of  the  short  and  long 
letters,  the  movemouts  have  two  general  di- 
rections: horizontally,  along  the  ruled  line — 
and  obliquely,  in  relation  to  the  ruled  line. 
lu  ht»th  uio'-ements  —  the  horizontal  and 
ul>]i(]uo— the  arnij  hand  and  fingers  should 
ru-operate;  hut  the  action  of  the  forearm 
ui-i'ds,  first,  a  separate  consideration  aud 
training.  For  this  purpose,  assume  the  cor- 
rect writing  position^  and  project  your  baud 
forward  by  the  action  of  the  arm,  as  far  as 
you  can — then  let  it  recede.  Observe,  as 
you  do  this,  how  the  wrist  moves  in  and  out 
of  your  sleeve.  Nnw  you  understand  the 
iiinvcinent.  It  way  be  oflfectively  trained  hy 
'  ij  '  xtTcise  whlcli  brother  Harvey  A.  Spencer 
t'.iuiti  "Over- ACTION,"  and  which  may  be 
practiced  as  follows:  Assume  the  writing 
position,  without  ink  in  pen;  repeat  the  pro- 
jective and  receding  movement  of  the  fore- 
arm and  liand,  as  if  you  were  repeating  a 
long,-  oblique,  straight  stroke;  at  first, 
move  deliberately,  then  increase  the  rapidity 
of  action  until  a  sp^ed  is  obtained  that  will 
njakf  the  haml  appear  almost  double,  then 
i:r;iiiually  diminish  the  speed  until  the  move- 


ThiM 


liug. 


mode  of  training    also  appl: 
iiiraldy    to    horizontal    and    oval    forea 
iiuYciiifnts  whenever  desired. 
\N'i-  have  said  the  arm,  hand  aud  fingi 


uldt 


>-opfl 


Thui 


!  It^ve  the 


Mi; 


I  Compound  Movement,  which 
is  well  described  iu  the  old  Spencerian  Com- 
pendium of  1859,  as  "  A  simultaneous  action 
of  the  forearm,  itanmb  and  fingers;  or  pro- 
truding and  reoedtcg  movement  of  the  arm, 
iilteiid^d  by  the  thumb  and  finger  ertension 
.iiiil  contraction,  which  movement,  practiced 
"11  h  sleight,  produces  the  extended  letters 
'iH.i^i  beautifully."     Now,  see 

t'ni-v  I,  loading  off  with  principles  J,  2, 

'    i.  th%cuu8lituent  parts  of  all  the  small 

!'  i>      These  are  followed  bya  movement 

ise  requiring  repetition  of  strokes.     Ii 

All  firn  be  traced,  then  exenated   with 


1*^0  Pnns,1.2  3  4  iExt^Lopp  Exercise 


2na-C    TheUpper-loop letters.  Smdvtlie 


_  Bf^C  *WcTdpTa.caco,  Mhid  loop  crossings  AjoiTijTigs  of  (ft 


4t^  0.  liliLa.  joining 


■n^. 


ink,  employing  compound  movement,  regu- 
lated by  counting.  Next  we  have  the 
double  loop  to  be  practiced  in  the  same 
manner.  These  are  fr.llnwed  by  the  com 
binations  of  «',i  with  double  loopp,  first  to 
be  traced  aud  then  written,  with  the  arm 
and  hand  so  balanced  that  each  combina- 
tion shall  he  completed  without  lifting  the 

Copy  2 :  To  overcome  the  tendency  to 
slope  the  looped  letters  too  much,  rule  slant- 
ing guide-lines  upon  your  page.  Observe 
how  a  portion  of  «  applies  in  finishing  ft  ; 
how  the  same  form  is  made  \  space  higher, 
and  modified  to  finish  ft  ;  also  how  i  forms 
the  lower  third  of  /,  and  the  last  three 
strokes  of  y  apply  in  fe.  Thus,  short  letters 
studied  and  practiced  in  previous  lessons, 
become  important  aids  in  forming  iho  ex- 
tended letters  iu  this  lesson. 

The  extended  loop  so  prominent  in  all 
the  long  letters,  is  made  hy  carrying  the 
right  ca?*e  up  three  spaces,  by  left  turn  de- 
scc^iDg  with  left  curve  on  main  slant  two 
spaces,  and,  crossing  right  curve,  ccmipleting 
with  straight  line  on  lUHin  slant  to  base. 
Width  of  loop,  i  space ;  length  of  loop,  I 
from  top  to  crossing,  two  spaces ;  distance 
between  beginning  point  and  base  of 
straight  line,  one  spacf. 

The  crossing  ot  the  loop,  in  these  letters,  ' 
must  always  be  at  one- third  hight  of  letter 
»bove  base,  and  the  stroke  from  crossing  to  i 
base  must  be  a  straigtit  line  on  main  slant. 
In  these  tw(t  particulars,  criticise  your  loops 


half  I 


Observe  that  the  h  has  a  slight  shade  on  j 
its  fourth  stroke,  the  ft  on  its  fifth  stiwke,  X 


on  the  lower  third  of  its  second  stroke,  and 
6  on  the  lower  third  of  its  second  stroke. 

Coi'V  3  introduces  words  wbich  give 
practice  on  the  letters  which  have  been 
separately  studied  and  written. 

Observe  the  hight  of  /  and  d,  relative  to 
the  loops  of  A,  ft  and  I.  Be  careful,  in  /A,  to 
make  turn  narrow  at  base  of  i,  and  line  con- 
necting t  and  /*  hut  slightly  curved.  Pre- 
serve equal  spacing  between  letters  in  the 
words ;  make  turns  short  and  slant  uniform. 
Be  careful  to  give  correct  form  and  connec- 
tion to  finish  of  ft,  cross  of  (,  and  dot  of  t. 

Copy  4.  Observe  joining  of  6  to  o  and  o 
In  joining  h  and  »,  ob- 
Irom  h  sinks  down  a 
■date  the  form  of  «. 

Practice  other  words  containing  the  let- 
ters taught  in  this  lesson,  and  let  some  of 
them  combine,  also,  semi-extended  letters 
from  the  last  lesson. 

We  give  a  few  %vords  for  practice,  desiring 
the  learner  to  think  of  others  and  write 
them.  Write,  with  a  free,  uniform  move- 
ment, the  following:  Aope,  hoped,  milk, 
milked,  bill,  billion,  thump,  thumped,  liable, 
liabilities,  equate,  cijuation,  mill,  million. 
In  writing  U,  shade  the  first  and  leave  the 
second  light. 

ItAPiDiTY  OF  Execution.— From  twen- 
ty to  thirty  words  per  minute  is  considered 
a  fair  rate  of  speed  in  writing.  The  ability 
Ui  write  rapidly,  and  at  the  same  time  main- 
taiu  the  proper  forms  and  cpaciuys  of  letters, 
can  he  secured  by  special  practice  with  that 

Select  a  word  or  a  series  of  words  that 
you  can  write  well,  when  writing  at  &  mod- 


erate rate  of  speed,  and,  with  a  time-piece 
before  you,  note  the  number  of  times  you 
write  them  without  effort  to  quicken  your 
strokes;  next,  write  the  same  words  some- 
what faster,  ccmntiug  and  noting  the  in- 
crease in  number  per  minute ;  then  still 
faster,  counting  at  the  end  of  each  minute; 
then  faster  and  faster,  and  faster,  and  faster, 
until  you  reach  the  highest  rate  of  speed  of 
which  you  are  capable,  al  the  time,  without 
material  loss  in  the  form,  connection  pnd 
arrangement  of  the  writing. 

This  kind  of  practice  never  fails  to  secure 
marked  progress  iu  rapidity  of  writing. 

In  concluding  this  lesson,  for  the  benefit 
of  our  pupils,  we  quote  froTn  our  father, 
Piatt  R.  Spencer: 

"  When  all  the  movements  are  practiced 
fully  and  systematically,  all  the  musoles, 
from  the  shoulder  downwards,  develop  them- 
selves rai)idly,  and  power  is  gained  over  the 
pen  to  bring  forth  the  adopted  imagery  of 
the  mind  in  all  the  grace  and  elegance  that 
spring  from  just  proportions  and  easy  ox- 
Practice,  to  be  sure,  is  indispensable  in 
bringing  to  perfection   any  art,  science  or 

The  pupil  must  not  expect  to  be  able  at 
once  to  execute  what  he  fully  comprehends. 
Patience  and  energy  are  required  to  attain 
a  thorough  and  perfect  command  of  hand. 
There  is  no  royal  road  hy  which  idleness 
and  indifference  may  find  their  way  to  a 
goal  which  is  only  to  he  reached  hy  diligent 
and  well  directed  application.  The  only 
process  really  short,  is  such  as  is  made  so, 
by  commencing  in  a  right  manner  from  the 
outset,  securing  the  advantage  of  an  experi- 
enced teacher  till  the  object  is  accomplished. 
And  when  the  object  is  accomplislied,  how 
beautiful  and  imposing  are  the  specimens  of 
art  which  the  proficient  is  able  to  produce  ! 
The  eye  glances  along  the  well  written 
page  with  as  much  pleasure  as  it  rests  cm  a 
heauiiful  grove,  when  nature  and  art  have 
unitedly  tasked  themselves  to  blend  the 
greatest  variety  with  the  utmost  symmetry. 
And  as  we  travel  through  the  ricli  scenery, 
from  whose  depths  breathe  out  the  sympathy 
of  soul,  the  spirit  of  inquiry,  and  the  voice 
of  love  and  friendship,  we  spont*ueouly  ex- 


_  REETlKGS. — A  merry  Christina!),  and  a 
prosperous,  glad  New  Year,  to  our  friends 
iind    pupils,   through    the    I'ensian".'* 


11.  ('.  S. 


Not  Responsible. 

It  should  be  distinctly  undirslood  (hat 
the  editors  of  the  Journal  are  not  to  he 
held  as  indorsing  anything  outside  of  its 
'ditorial  columns;  all  communications  not 
"bjectionable  in  their  character,  nor  devoid 
if  interest  or  merit,  are  received  aud  pub- 
lished; if  any  person  differs,  the  columns 
equally  open  to  him  lo  say  so  and  tell 


AHT   JOUKNVlJ 


■  -^Ptii*- 


A  Story  of  Two  Christinas  Days. 
Br  Mabt  E.  Martin. 
It  WM  early  Cbristmaa  morniDg.  A  very 
bright  fire  crackled  npon  the  hearth  of  Mrs. 
Gary's  pleasaol  dioiDg-ronm.  A«  she  came 
in  from  the  kitchen,  to  bty  the  cloth  for 
breakfast,  aoother  door  opened,  and  a  boy 
of  twelve  entered. 

"  Ah,  Windom  !  You  are  late  this  mom- 
JDg.  I  thooght  you  woold  have  been  up 
before  anyone  to  see  what  St.  Nicbolaa  had 
brought  yon,"  said  a  young  man  of  eighteen, 
Mated  before  the  fire. 

"I  don't  know  what  made  me  sleep  so 
late,  for  I  am  anxious  enough  to  know," 
said  the  lad. 

.  "Well,  Windom,"  said  his  mother,  "you 
are  quite  a  baby,  stiil  to  be  longing  for  your 
gift*  to  come  from  St.  Nicholas." 

The  boy  reached  up  to  take  his  well- 
filled  packages  from  the  Fide  of  the  fire- 
place, when  his  eye  was  caught,  and  he 
waa  held  entranced,  by  the  picture  out  of 
doors,  as  he  saw  it  through  tlie  half-glass 
door  that  led  into  the  side  yard.  "Oh,  mother 
dear,  why  did  you  not  tell  me  it  had 
BDowed ! "  His  Christmas  presents  were 
forgotten,  and  he  stood,  eagerly  taking  in 
the  picture.  It  was  a  fairy  scpne :  greund 
and  housetop  were  thickly  covered  with 
■now ;  trees  wore  garlands,  and  just  in  front 
of  the  door,  where  the  treea  met  ia  an  arch- 
way, the  snow  encircled  it  in 
■ach  beauty  that  the  child  cried 
oat:  "  Oh,  see,  brother!"  and 
Richard  Gary  came  from  the 
fire  and  stood  by  the  side  of  his 
brother  and  said:  "Mother,  I 
often  think,  when  I  see  snow 
wreathe  the  earth  like  this,  that 
it  must  be  a  mirror  of  heaven — 
it  is  so  pure.  When  I  die,  I 
hope  it  may  be  oo  a  day  like 
this." 

"  Hush !  my  son ;  don't  speak 
of  dying  on  this  day — the  mer- 
riest in  the  year.  Come:  break- 
fast ia  waiting." 

They  turned,  and  sat  down 
to  a  bountihil  breakfast;  for,  if 
Mrs.  Gary  usually  had  to  use 
economy,  it  was  with  a  lavish 
hand,  this  morning,  that  she 
bad  filled  her  table. 

"If  I  did  not  forget  my 
Christmas  preaeuts!"  exclaimed 
Windom,  pushing  back  his 
chair,  and  bringing  the  pack- 
ages to  the  table.  "  How  de- 
lighted I  am ! "  and  he  dis- 
.  played  material  of  all  kinds 
that  could  be  used  in  writing. 
"Now  I  can  improve  in  my  writing,"  he 
Bud,  as  he  lield  up  some  very  fine  speci- 
mens of  handwriting.  "  Here  are  two  ink- 
oabinets,  and  boxes  of  pens  of  the  best. 
Oh,  mother  dear,  you  and  Richard  could 
not  have  pleased  me  more  than  in  giving 
mo  this  !  "  and  looking  again  into  the  box  : 
"Here  are  so  many  quires  of  paper  that  I 
may  practice  as  much  as  I  wish." 

"  You  write  much  better  than  I  do  now," 
said  his  brother.  "  I  hope  you  will  be  a 
fine  penman  some  day." 

The  breakfast  was  over,  and  the  two 
brothers  bade  their  mother  a  gay  good-by, 
and  went  out  for  a  short  walk.  They  had 
gone  only  a  few  squares,  and  were  chatting 
gayly,  when,  in  crossing  a  street,  they  met 
a  gambler,  well  known  in  the  town.  He 
was  going  home,  after  a  night's  carousal. 
Ho  drew  Ms  pistol,  and  fired  at  random. 
The  shot  fired  at  random  went  straight  to 
the  heart  of  Richard  Gary.  He  fell,  with- 
out a  word,  on  the  snow  that  he  had  wished 

that  morning  might  some  day  cover  him 

his  life's  blood  ebbing  out,  and  tinging  the 
white  snow  around  him.  Windom  Gary 
tamed  with  a  look  of  hate  to  the  gambler, 
but  realizing  how  helpless  he  was  to  avenge 
his  brother's  death,  he  said  :  "  The  day  wiU 
come  when  1  will  avenge  my  brother's  death." 
Richard  Gary's  death  threw  Windom  and 
his  mother  entirely  on  their  own  resources 
for  a  livelihood. 


Reader!  if,  with  a  laTiah  hand,  some  fond 
parent  bestows  npon  you  princely  advan- 
tages; if  your  shelves  are  filled  with  valu- 
able books;  if  your  pockets  hold  more  than 
the  necessary  spending-raoney;  then,  to  ap- 
preciate these  gifts,  come  and  look  with  me 
into  the  plainly  furnished  room  where  this 
boy  sits,  six  years  after  he  helped  to  carry 
home  his  dead  brother  on  that  Christmas 
morning.  He  sits,  wearied,  but  unbending ; 
he  is  pondering  over  the  future — planning 
how  he  shall  keep  his  mother  from  alt  want. 
She  has  burned  the  midnight  lamp  for  many 
a  month,  in  their  first  struggle  with  poverty; 
but  that  time  has  gone  by  now. 

By  diligent  and  studious  practice,the  young 
boy  had  come  to  write  a  rapid  and  elegant 
band.  His  fine  penmanship  enabled  bim  to 
secure  a  clerkship  that  men  of  middle  age 
would  have  been  glad  to  have  filled.  This, 
alone,  did  not  satisfy  bim ;  but  every  even- 
ing found  him  doing  extra  work,  often  with 
open  ledger  before  him,  or  in  copying — any- 
thing, everytliing  —  that  would  add  to  his 
salary.  As  the  years  went  on,  Mrs.  Gary's 
health  grew  more  and  more  feeble ;  and 
when  Windom  Gary  was  twenty -four,  he 
laid  his  mother  in  the  grave.  Nearly  her 
last  words  were :  "  Windom,  give  up  the 
idea  of  avenging  your  brother's  death. 
'  Vengeance  is  mine,  and  I  will  repay,  saith 
the  Lord.' " 


world — I  shall  find  that  gambler — and  I  can- 
not give  up  the  id«a  of  avenging  my  brother's 

In  a  week,  Windom  Gary  sailed,  with  the  j 
minister,  for  Europe,  and  began  his  duties,  ! 
aud  for  four  years  went  on  with  them  at  the 


It  ^ 


I  ball  on  the 


tinent  that  Windom  Gary,  much  improved 
since  we  last  saw  him,  stood  leaniug  near  a 
doorway,  watching  the  gay  throng  within. 
He  is  a  rich  man  now:  his  kind  employer, 
Mr.  Bancroft,  died  within  the  last  year,  and, 
having  no  relative,  made  Windom  Gary  his 
heir. 

"  Who  is  that  qneenly-lookiug  lady,"  said 
Windom  Gary  to  a  gentleman  standing  near 

"Ah!  lam  not  astonished  that  you  ask. 
Society  is  mad  over  her  beauty,  and  well 
they  may  be-  The  lady  is  Miss  Mabel 
Farrar,  and,  by  the  way,  a  countrywoman 
of  yours,  but  has  lived  abroad  for  some 
years.  She  is  here  with  an  aunt.  I  will 
introduce  you  if  you  wish." 

As  they  approached  nearer, Windom  Gary 
noticed  the  lady  more  closely:  she  was  of  rare 
beauty,  tall  and  statuesque  in  appearance. 
Windom  Gary  knew,  from  the  first  moment 
he  saw  her,  that  he  had  met  his  fate.  He 
asked  for  her  band  lor  the  next  dance.  The 
band  struck  up,  and  they  were  soon  gliding 
through   the    dizzy   mazes   of    the    dance. 


"  Has  my  great  love  for  you  no  reason  to 
ask  why  it  should  be  thrown  aside  f" 

'*  I  have  every  right  to  think  you  have 
been  inditferent  to  me ;  but  try  as  I  would, 
you  batfled  every  attempt  1  would  make  to 
speak  to  you  about  it.  It  is  a  mystery  that 
I  cannot  understand.  You  may  regret  that 
you  have  forced  me  to  tell  you,  Mr.  Gary, 


and  may  wish  to  withdrt 


'  Yo 


to  talk   i 
uld  make  I 


i  offer." 
riddles,    Miss 
9  wish  that  you 


icd  hei 


i,  aud  said,  in  a 
[r.  Gary,  /  atn 
who  shot  your 


eyes 

low  but  distinct  voice 
the  daughter  of  the  ; 
brother." 

She  had  arisen  as  she  spoke,  and  the  June 
mooulight  streamed  over  her.  He  could  see 
what  an  effort  it  had  cost  her  to  speak. 
Windom  Gary  staggered  back,  and  leaned, 
for  a  moment,  against  the  railing  of  the 
steps.  "  Great  Heavens,"  he  said,  "must 
that  man  rob  me  of  everything.  He  killed 
my  brother;  he  put  ray  mother  into  an  early 

grave,  aud  now " 

"You  wrong  my  father,  Mr.  Gary.  Do 
you  think  I  would  marry  any  man  who 
would  feel  so  towards  him.  My  father  died 
four  years  ago;  he  was  a  changed  being, 
from  the  moment  ho  shot  your  brother  that 
Christmas  morning.  It  was  an  accident; 
but  it  brought  my  father  to  see  the  life  he 
was  leading,  and  remorse  for 
the  act  fiually  killed  him.  You 
see  I  have  suffered  as  well  as 

"Is  that  all  that  separates 
us,  Mabel  t"  he  asked,  and  he 
fixed  his  dark  piercing  eyes 
upon  her.  "  If  that  is  all,  come 
to  me,"  aud  he  opened  his  arms 
to  her;  she  hesitated  just  a 
moment  —  then  glided  into 
them.  As  he  pressed  kiss  after 
kiss  upon  her  lovely  lips,  he 
whispered :  "  I  let  my  fancied 
wrongs  make  me  forget  that 
on  that  day  '  He  came  to  bring 
good  will  towards  men.'"  You 
have  given  me  a  love  that  will 
fill  the  place  of  a  brother  and 
mother." 

In  the  Fall,  Mabel  and  her 
aunt  went  back  to  their  home 
in  America.  Windom  Gary 
soon  joii:ed  them.  When  the 
next  Christmas  morning  came, 
the  snow  wreathed  the  treetops 
again;  housetop  and  ground 
wore  a  mantle  of  white.     The 


as  of  i 


,  balii 


A  few  months  after  his  mother's  death, 
the  senior  partner  of  the  house  in  which 
Windom  Gary  held  his  clerkship  sent  for 
him  to  come  to  his  office,  for  a  private  con- 
versation. When  he  entered,  Mr.  Bancroft 
said  :  "  Mr.  Gary,  I  think  I  have  some  good 
news  for  you.  My  friend,  Mr.  Chilton,  has 
been  appointed  minister  to " 

"Yes;  I  had  just  heard  that,  Mr.  Ban- 
croft, and  felt  glad  of  the  appointment." 

"  But,"  said  his  employer,  "  he  is  looking 
for  a  secretary,  and  wishes  one  of  superior 
penmanship.  I  took  the  liberty  of  recom- 
moudiug  you.  I  told  bim  there  could 
scarcely  be  a  finer  penman  tlian  you  were. 
The  position  has  many  advantages  for  a 
young  man,  and  I  would  not  hesitate  about 
accepting  it.  Mr.  Clifton  will  be  here  in  a 
few  moments — this  is  why  I  sent  for  you." 

The  new  minister  came,  and  after  an  in- 
troduction to  young  Gary,  immediately 
stated  his  business.  The  terms  were  such 
that  Windom  Gary  accepted  at  once,  and  in 
a  week  they  were  to  cross  the  ocean.  As 
Wiuduui  Gary  went  back  to  his  desk,  with 
his  heart  full  of  gratitude  to  his  employer, 
he  mentally  ran  on  with  his  head  leauing 
upoD  his  arm  :  "  There  is  nothing  to  hinder 
my  success  now :  every  obstacle  is  slipping 
away  from  my  path ;  every  day  brings  me 
nearer  the  object  I  have  had  in  view  for 
years.  Once  let  me  be  an  entirely  success- 
fill  m&n — and  if  living  in  any  part  of  the  I 


Windom  Gary,  whispering  graceful,  fasci- 
nating nothings,  as  they  kept  time  to  the 
music,  but  fervently  determined  to  know 
more  of  this  beautiful  woman.  Time  and 
fate  gave  him  every  opportunity,  and  before 
a  year  was  over,  Windom  Gary  knew  life 
would  be  a  blank  without  her.  It  was  on 
the  balcony  of  her  aunt's  villa,  a  little  way 
out  of  the  city,  that  he  determined  to  know 
his  fate.  They  were  sitting  on  the  steps.  A 
June  moon  was  shimmering  her  rays  upon 
them.  Windom  Gary  fixed  his  eyes  upon 
his  companion,  and  said:  "Do  you  know 
why  I  have  sought  you  here  to  -  night, 
Mabel  Farrar  t" 

"Is  it  anything  you  wish  me  to  know, 
Mr.  Gary  ?  " 

"  Yes,  and  you  shall  know;  you  have  put 
me  aside  often  enough.  I  c^me  here  to-night, 
overmastered  by  my  owa  feelings;  and  you 
must  let  me  tell  you  that  I  love  you — that 
I  long  for  you  to  be  my  wife." 

In  his  earnestness  he  had  arisen  and 
awaited  her  answer.  Mabel  Farrar  dared 
not  meet  his  eyp,  but  shaded  her  face  with 
her  hand  as  she  spoke. 

"  You  do  me  great  honor,  Mr.  Gary, 
but    it    can    never    be.      I   cannot    marry 

"  Will  you  give  me  a  reason  for  your  re- 
fusal t " 

"  Is  there  a  reason  why  you  should  know, 
Mr.  Gary  I" 


uulike  the  air-blasts  that  go 
with  most  snow-storms;  and  there  was  a 
quiet  stillness  on  everything,  as  carriages, 
containing  a  few  frionds,  wended  their  way 
to  the  church  where  Windom  Gary  and 
Mabel  Farrar  were  to  be  married  before  the 
eariy  communion.  Mabel  Farrar  stepped 
from  the  carriage,  and  leaning  upon  the  arm 
of  Wiudoin  Gary,  entered  the  church.  A 
sweet  odor  met  them  as  they  entered  the 
church — the  odor  of  the  cedar,  for  the  church 
was  richly  trimmed,  for  this  Christmas  fes- 
tival, with  holly  aud  cfidar.  Rare  flowers 
were  on  the  altar,  and  grouped  about  the 
chancel.  Wiudom  Gary  pressed  Mabel's 
hand,  as  their  eyes  caught  the  inscription 
above  the  church — it  was :  "Peace  on  earth, 
and  good  will  towards  men." 

A  picturesque  elevation :  a  little  out  on 
the  suburbs  —  away  Irom  the  noise  of  the 
city  —  Nature  bad  curtained  it  to-day,  on 
tree  and  foliage,  with  a  fleecy  beauty  that 
art  could  not  imitate.  A  river  near,  that 
usually  brawled  over  rocks,  or,  in  the  dis- 
tance swept  away,  till  it  looked  like  a  ser- 
pentine ribbon.  To-day  it  was  locked  fast 
in  icy  arms.  This  was  the  scene  presented 
before  the  newly-married  wife  of  Windom 
Gary,  as  she  stepped  from  the  carriage  at 
her  own  door,  in  the  early  morning  after 
their  marriage.  "Welcome  borne,"  said 
Windom  Gary,  as  he  handed  her  up  the 
steps  of  their  beautiful  home.     Mabel's  aunt 


^^^(» 


^^pwpt? 


hn-\  niumiurcd  greatly  that  she  would  do 
!:tirh  AD  UD faith i"u able  thing  as  to  only  have 
Iht  hiisbaod  at  the  wedding  breakfast. 
Mahel  knpw  she  was  right,  as  they  stood 
toeether  in  their  handsome  break  fast -room. 
That  Christmas  morning,  so  long  ago, 
came  up  vividly  before  WiDdoin  Gary  now, 
as  he  stood,  for  the  first  time,  for  so  many 
years,  id  a  home  of  his  own.  There  waa  a 
pirfiiro  in  hi<i  mind  of  the  plaiD  little  home; 
of  his  hrnther  seated  hefr.re  the  fire;  of  his 
mother,  quietly  moving  about  the  room, 
giviug  n  touch  here  and  there  in  arranging 
the  table;  of  his  boyish  love  of  nature's 
beauty  that  made  him  even  forget  his 
Christnms  presents.  All  this  he  saw  as  he 
L'ii/ed  into  the  fire,  a'od  remained  so  long 
.■iilcnt  U]at  Mabel  playfully  tapped  his  fore- 
head, and  said,  "  OpeD  sesame,  and  tell  me 


our  thoughts." 
Ho  put  his  an 
row  her  to  the 


D  gently  around  her,  and 
bay  window,  where  she 
could  see  the  same  beautiful  picture  that  the 
undivided  family  gazed  upon  just  before  his 
brother's  death.  He  told  her  the  whole 
f^tnry,  and,  opening  a  handsome  desk,  he 
(Irfw  out  the  packages  that  were  given  him 
tliat  Christmas  morning.  They  showed 
much  use,  but  "Mabel,''  he  said,  "this 
material  for  writing  was  the  foundation  for 
all  ray  success.  If  it  had  not  been  for  my 
good  pomnanship  I  might  never  have  met 
you.     We  will  always  keep  these." 


Lesson  V. 
Box  and  Package  Marking. 
By  D.  T.  Ames- 
Id  giving  the  present  and  last  lesson  in 
box-marking,  we  have  little  to  offer  addi- 
tional to  what  has  already  been  said.     We 
shall,  therefore,  cunfine  ourselves  chiefly  to 
a  review  and  to  the  giving  of  a  few  general 

Tlie  ability  to  make  good  letters  rapidly 
is  scarcely  less  essential  to  good  box-mark- 
ing than  is  a  correct  taste  and  judgment  re- 
specting the  arrangement,  proportion  and 
style  of  lettering  to  he  used  for  the  various 
purposes  of  marking.  Some  of  the  essen- 
tials of  good  marking  are,  first,  well-formed 
and  easily  constructed  letters;  second,  cor- 
rect relative  proportions  and  spacing;  third, 
proper  margins.  All  doubtful  or  ambiguous 
forms  for  letters  should  be  carefully  avoided. 

Lcttcriug  should  be  graded,  as  to  size  and 
strength,  according  to  its  relative  import- 
ance. With  the  carrier  of  a  package  the 
first  inquiry  is  as  to  its  place  of  destination ; 
next,  its  route;  and,  lastly,  the  p^rty  to 
whom  it  is  to  be  delivered.  With  these 
facts  in  view  let  us  suppose  that  we  desire 
to  arrange  the  following  matter  in  the 
l'!'i(H'r  form  and  style  of  marking  on  a 
]i;n.kago:  "To  Manning  &  Stewart,  San 
riiiucisco,  Cal. ;  via  Merchants' Dispatch, 
rrmu  Penman's  Art  Journal,  New  York. 
N.I.  of  package,  1079."  Tlie  arrangement 
would  be  as  per  illustration. 

Id  conclusion,  we  would  urge  the  import- 
ance to  all  classes  of  persons  of  being  able 
to  mark  a  package  in  a  legible  and  tasty 
manner,  and  especially  to  young  persons 
who  are  seeking  positions  as  clerks  in  any 
line  of  business. 


Attention  as  an  Element  of 
Success. 
By  Fred.  F.  Jodd. 
This  subject  presented  itself  as  I  mused 
over  the  fact  that  so  many,  in  this  busy 
world  of  ours,  are  either  imnecessarily  illi- 
terate, pliysic-nlly  impotent,  exceedingly  un- 
business-like,  morally  decrepit  or  spiritually 
bankrupt;    and  that,  perhaps,  a  few  words 
niit;ht  help  some  one  to  gain  another  round 
of  the  ladder  which  reaches  toward  perfec- 
tion.    Should  it  do  80,  I  will  feel  amply 

To  him  who  seeks  Knowledge,  a  wide 
tield  is  opened ;  but  she  informs  everyone 
"lio  enters,  that,  in  return  fur  this  priceless 
lioi.n,  he  must  either  give  years  of  valuable 
never  be  the  happy 


possessor.  The  student  who,  day  after 
day,  enters  his  classes,  unprepared  for  the 
work  assigned,  and  has  to  be  repeatedly 
asked  to  pay  attention,  is  in  the  certain  way 
of  failure. 

Occasionally,  students  get  the  idea  that 
to  be  a  second  Horace  Greefey  or  Kufu^ 
Choale,  they  must  write  a  ridiculously  strag- 
gling hand,  which  no  one  can  read.  When- 
ever I  find  one  answering  the  above  descrip- 
tion, I  feel  like  reciting,  for  his  benefit,  the 
following  short  paragraph  from  Burdette : 
"  Don't  write  ti^o  plainly.  It  is  a  sign  of 
plebeian  origin  and  public  school  breeding. 
Poor  writing  is  an  indication  of  genius.  It's 
about  the  only  indication  of  genius  that  a 
great  many  men  possess."  I  believe  that 
anyone,  not  physically  deformed,  can,  by 
careful  attention  and  systematic  practice, 
perfect  his  penmanship,  so  that  it  will  not 
be  particularly  obnoxious  to  the  sight,  or 
annoy  and  disgust  the  reader  with  its  illegi- 
ble and  inexcusable  scrawls.  Lord  Pal- 
merston  once  said  :  "  People  have  no  busi- 
ness to  save  their  own  time  at  the  expense 
of  mine."  The  elements  which  are  usually 
lacking  to  make  one  a  good  writer  arc,  at- 
tentiveness  and  stick-to-itiveness,  without 
which  no  one  may  expect  to  rise  above  the 
scrawls  of  his  early  years. 

Careful  attention  to  our  books  is  often  as 
beneficial  as  a  teacher's  help ;  and  even  more 


for 


thu 


reliance.  When  we  devote  days,  months, 
and,  perhaps,  years  of  study  and  thought  to 
a  subject,  we  almost  unconsciously  gain  in 


in  intellect,  but  his  deeds  will  be  the  deeds 
of  a  dwarf."  We  can  but  pily  the  man  or 
woman  who  has  sacrificed  health  for  a  little 
brain  power,  when  in  most  cases  both  might 
have  been  developed,  and  thus  have  enjoyed 
an  enlarged  success  and  prolonged  li''e. 

Who  would  not  rather  see  the  young  man 
with  a  common  school -education  and  of 
good  physical  development  than  the  returned 
collegian  with  eye-glasses,  consumptive,  dys- 
peptic— an  irresolute  wreck  upon  the  very 
threshold  of  life?  For  the  first,  there  is 
some  prospect,  through  his  stock  of  physical 
energy,  of  his  ascending  fortune's  ladder; 
but  for  the  second,  there  can  be  nothing  but 
disastrous  failure. 

The  young  man  or  woman  possessed  of 
brilliant  attainments,  acquired  at  the  ex- 
pense of,  or  without  care  for,  bodily  vigor 
and  streng'h,  to  carry  on  the  life-work,  is 
like  a  worn-out  or  defective  locomotive, 
which,  though  under  the  full  pressure  of 
steam,  responds  in  feeble  actioo,  aDd  is  at 
any  moment  liable  to  go  to  pieces  in  a 
wreck,  from  the  undue  pressure  upon  its 
rusty,  worn  and  impaired  structure. 

In  art,  the  child,  perhaps  unconsciously, 
devotes  hours  to  making  a  picture  of  a  pet 
'''^gi  or,  like  West,  bends  over  a  younger 
brother's  crib  and  tries  to  transfer  to  paper 
the  form  sleeping  there.  There  would  be 
more  successes  and  fewer  failures  if  we 
could  enter  as  heartily  upon  our  work  as 
does  the  child  on  his.  I  believe  there  are 
many  young  artists  who  fail,  through  lack 
of  care  in  their  work,  and,  not  appreciating 


CcvV. 


disfipline  of  the  mind  what  cannot  be 
otherwise  acquired.  It  is  this  discipline 
which  oftoD  helps  the  ordinary  man  to  cope 
successfully  with  i>is  more  brilliant  but  less 
persistent  competitor.  Watt,  the  inventor, 
used  to  move  into  his  garret  and  rernaiu 
there  secluded  for  days  at  a  time,  prepariug 
his  owQ  meals  rather  than  suffer  intrusion 
upon  his  all-absorbing  inventive  operations. 
As  the  student,  io  time,  generally  occupies 
the  position  of  teacher,  he  sees  more  clearly 
the  importance  of  careful  thought  and  thor- 
ough preparation  of  the  subject  in  hand. 
All  the  teacher  can  do  for  the  pupil  is,  to 
endeavor  to  aivaken  and  call  iuto  full  action 
all  his  latent  powers,  inspiring  him  with  a 
love  for  knowledge  which  will  ever  urge 
him  onward  to  more  thorough  aud  extended 
realms  of  thought  and  investigalion. 

It  is  told  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton  that  he  used 
frequently  to  become  so  absorbed  in  mathe- 
matical calculations  as  to  require  a  violent 
shaking  to  divert  his  attention ;  and  of 
Napoleon,  that  prince  of  generals,  that  he 
could  so  command  his  attention  to  several 
different  subjects  in  such  quick  alternation 
aa  to  be  able  to  dictate  dispatches  to  three 
secretaries  at  once,  while  he  himself  penned 
a  fourth  ;  and  the  learned  Dr.  Johnson  re- 
solves genius  into  the  power  of  attention. 

And  wliilewe  are  studying  for  mental  im- 
provement we  must  not  forget  that  physical 
culture  is  also  necessary  to  a  full  success. 
Matthews  makes  this  statement:  "Health  is 
a  large  ingredient  in  what  the  world  calls 
alent.    A  man  without  it  may  be  a  giant 


the  cause,  continually  grumble  because  the 
world  does  not  recognize  and  patronize 
their  skill. 

Agasaiz  attained  his  great  eminence  by 
attention  to  the  smallest  details.  A  single 
glance  at  the  drawiug  of  a  fisli  by  an  artist 
called  forth  the  remark  :  "  It  is  a  beautiful 
drawing,  but  don't  you  see,  you  have  left  out 
two  or  three  of  the  scales  ! "  Aud  in  pidi- 
ticB  much  depends  upon  care  and  continued 
application  to  insure  success.  Gen.  Gar- 
field, the  acknowledged  leader  of  the  House, 
during  his  stay  in  Congress,  was  thorough 
in  his  preparation  for  debate — becoming 
conversant  with  the  inns  and  outs  of  fiuan- 
cial  questions,  and  was  always  prepared,  as 
he  termed  it,  "  To  measure  lances  with  any 
bulldozer." 

The  book-keeper  who  laboriously  enters 
on  his  books  the  transactions  of  the  day, 
and  spends  long  evenings  posting  to  his 
ledger,  knows  full  well  the  value  of  the 
utmost  care  in  his  work,  and  that  the 
slightest  error  may  occasion  days  and  weeks 
of  fruitless  searching  before  the  uiiatake  is 
discovered.  His  is  a  calling  in  which  the 
necessary  qualifications  are,  a  clear  hiad, 
persistent  attention,  and  good  habits.  The 
abiliry  to  add  up  long  columns  of  figures 
quickly  and  accurately  is  the  result  of  rigid 
discipline;  and  any  one  who  has  not  acted 
in  the  capacity  of  an  accountant  has  scarcely 
an  idea  of  the  liability  to  error. 

The  banker  is  an  indispensable  feature  in 
the  business  world,  negotiating  loans,  facili- 
tating the  transfer  of  funds  from  one  place 


to  another,  as  well  as  providing  a  place  for 
safe-deposit  of  money  and  valuables,  and 
should  be  a  man  of  scrupulous  care  and 
integrity. 

To  succeed  in  business,  one  needs  every 
faculty  brought  to  bear  with  full  force  on 
his  work ;  for  there  are  times  in  every 
man's  life  when  a  moment  is  of  more  im- 
portance than  hours  as  they  determine  the 
issue  of  a  life's  work.  The  majority  of  men 
wlm  occupy  promiueot  positions,  in  any  de- 
partment of  life,  can  look  back  and  recall 
such  moments. 

The  issues  of  a  lifetime  often  depend  on 
a  single  move.  For  this  reason,  if  no  other, 
the  young  man  should  cultivate  the  power 
of  concentration,  so  as  to  be  able  to  throw 
his  whole  power  into  the  solution  of  any 
great  practical  problem  of  life. 

That  prince  of  American  inventors,  Edi- 
son, iu  his  laboratory  is  an  indefatigable 
worker,  and  pays  the  closest  attention  to 
the  experiments  performed  under  his  super- 

We  all  have  characters  to  mold  and  repu- 
tations to  make,  and,  in  our  every-day  in- 
tercourse with  others,  we  are  not  only  help- 
ing to  share  our  own,  but  the  character  of 
others,  for  hotter  or  worse.     Meredith  tells 


Hence,  a  manly,  vigorous  self-denial  is  ex- 
acted of  everyone,  and  strict  attention  to  the 
removal  of  all  that  could  in  any  manner  in- 
jure others.  Our  associates,  as  well  as  our 
books,  should  be  such  as  will  aid  us  to 
make  strong  the  barriers  against  evil  influ- 
ences which  sweep  so  many  to  moral  disaster. 
Character  is  like  a  boat  starting  on  a  devious 
routt)  down  the  river  Time :  the  journey 
may  be  long,  or  short,  but  our  boat  must  be 
stauncli  and  strong  to  avoid  the  shoals  of 
temptation  aud  weather  the  storms  of  life. 
The  building  of  this  character  demands  our 

chitects;  no  one  can  build  for  the  other; 
or,  as  Longfellow  writes, 


Of  course,  kind  friends  will  entreat  us  and 
ofl"er  advice,  which  we  may  accept,  or  re- 
ject, at  our  option;  but  still  the  fact  remains 
that  the  erection  of  this  structure  must  be 
by  our  own  cflor'.  We  may  get  our  ma- 
terial from  where  we  will,  and,  after  trying 
any  portion,  reject  or  use  them  as  seems  to 
us  best.  We  may  thus  roar  an  edifice  grand 
and  glorious,  or  one  unsightly  and  mean. 

Id  conclusion,  I  would  not  for  a  moment 
presume  all,  by  care  and  attention,  could 
climb  the  political  bights  surmounted  by 
Garfield  and  Thiers;  or  attain  the  promi- 
nence of  West  or  Beard  in  art ;  or  of  Edison, 
Watt,  or  Agassiz,  in  science ;  of  Howard  or 
Greeley  in  philanthropy ;  or  of  Vanderbilt 
or  Gould  in  the  money  world  ;  but  I  would 
like  to  drive  this  thought  home:  that,  if  we 
desire  to  win  success — financially,  morally, 
or  otherwise, —  we  should  not  forget  (or  a 
moment  that  the  closest  attention  i&  neces- 
sary for  developing,  slrengtheniug  and  en- 
nobling worthy  attributes  of  our  mental  or 
physical  natures. 

The  Importance  of  Drill. 

By  W.  P.  CoopEB. 

I  said,  in  another  article,  that  Americans 
generally  have  little  or  no  faith  in  drill.  I 
said  more  :  that  teachers  generally  have  no 
real  faith  in  drill.  I  am  brought  to  this 
conclusion  by  my  experience  in  teaching. 
A  class  will  drill  under  the  eye  of  a  master 
and  cluae  discipline.  The  rule  above  needs 
qualification.  There  are  among  those  of 
both  sexes,  in  the  matter  of  falliug-off  from 
drill,  honorable  and  wise  exceptions. 

The  best  pupil  is  one  who  will  write  an 
exercise  courageously  until  it  is  changed. 
Understand,  I  do  not  mean,  by  drill,  practice 
solely  with  an  eye  to  getting  form  ;  I  have 
most  particular  referooce  to  that  class  of 
practice  called  "  drill  exercises." 


AK  1     JOIHN.VL 


A  drill  roocessfal  in  necanDg  fine  progrew 
begets  confidence^  in*  drill';  but  away  troni 
clan,  the  etodent  falU  back  on  scribbling  or 
fimm.  The  object  of  pen-drill  in,  Jtrst,  to 
reach,  and  then  to  fix,  the  habit  of  prodac- 
ing,  without  effort^  the  forme  in  floariahing 
or  writing. 

We  propose,  if  we  can,  to  show,  cleariy 
onongh  to  convince,  any  fair  person — philos- 
ophically, mecbaoically,  and  logically — ex- 
actly whst  toe  driU  will  do;  and  then,  what 
law  of  after- practice  will  hold  the  friiit  or 
benefits  of  the  drill. 

The  writer  now  writes  for  a  part  at  least 
of  the  host  who  read  the  JoURNAX  who  do 
decide  to  master  pentnanship,  but  whose 
lack  of  knowledge  contioually  forces  them 
upon  difficulties  they  cannot  overcome. 
They  possibly  have  the  desired  information, 
but  fail  to  select  the  right  hint,  and  are  not 
certain  of  right  application. 

We  ought  to  UDderetanil  what  "drill- 
maitter"  means,  in  this  country,  by  this 
time.  We  have  music  and  dancing  masters, 
for  instance.  The  first  law  of  the  Hall  of 
Drill  is  obedience;  the  next,  faith ;  next, 
resolution;  the  next,  unflagging  attention; 
the  last,  work — the  end  of  labor — is  perfec- 
tion. Understand,  there  is  teaching  by 
■^Will,  and  teaching  not  by  drill. 

We  know  that  the  various  compeodiums 
claim  to  make  writers  without  a  master. 
Hut  progress,  under  a  good  master,  is  as 
three  to  one  without  one.  Hut  through  the 
Journal  you  cau  get  about  one-half  of  the 
advantages  of  a  master's  real  presence;  and 
that  amount  of  help  will  pay — always,  also. 
You  will  here  recollect  that  Mr.  Ames  and 
Mr.  Kelley  explained  to  you — and  Mr. 
Spencer  will  explain  if  he  has  not — by  the 
aid  of  rules  and  diagrams,  the  structure  of  all 
writing  (letters  large  and  small).  You  have 
trained  the  eye  to  catch  and  to  hold  the  pic- 
ture of  each  letter — that  is,  we  presume  upon 
this.  You  recollect  that  we  said  artists  were 
hard  lookers.  Well,  we  eball  now  believe 
and  take  it  for  granted  that  y(W,=  too,  are  a 
hard  looker,  and  have  thoroughly  studied 
structure. 

Shall  we  now  try  a  drill,  and  what  shall 
it  be?  We  will  say  the  stem,  and,  perhaps, 
seme  stem  capitals — say  A,  M,  N.  The 
tirst  thing  is,  position..  The  masters  men- 
tioned have  given  you  position,  and  illus- 
trated it.  Have  you  tried  position  t  Let 
us  have  square  front  and  sitting  position. 
You  also  have  the  pen  rightly  in  hand; 
study  again  the  diagrams ;  hold  the  pen 
tirmly,  easily,  fearlessly.  Movement  de- 
cided upon  muscular,  with  a  shade  of  finger, 
movement.  (Movemeuta  are  nearly  always 
mixed,  more  or  less.) 

Let  me  here,  for  the  student's  benefit,  an- 
swer this  question :  What  peculiar  advan- 
tage are  we  to  expect  from  employing  mus- 
cular movement  for  capitals  t  Is  it  the  beet 
movement  for  common  use  t  It  has  peculiar 
advantages,  and  is  the  best  movement  for 
common  or  continuous  use. 

Mr.  P.  R.  Spencer  often  said  he  did  not 
hoUe%'6  that,  generally,  writers  could,  by  any 
amount  of  drill,  produce,  rapidly  and  hand- 
somely, small  umacular-movement  capitals. 
But  there  are  hundreds  to-day  who  know 
it  is  both  possible  and  practicable,  and 
every  way  better  for  this  purpose  than  any 
other. 

lat.  You  cau  thus  make  three  capitals  to 
one  with  finger- movement.  2d.  You  can  hit 
the  line  every  time,  which  but  few  cau  pos- 
sibly do  with  wholearm  movement.  3d. 
You  can  as  easily  with  this  movement  pro- 
duce the  smallest  size  ladies'  capitals  as  any 
other.  4th.  The  direct  oval  can  be  con- 
quered with  this  movement,  by  correct  drill 
persevered  in.  5tb.  2-ioch  capitals  can  be 
produced  easily  enough  with  thist  movement. 

But  one  word  of  qualification  is  here 
proper.  The  movement  is  not  purely  a 
hand-aud-wrist movement:  it  is  mixed  with 
a  shade  of  finger  movement.  It  does  not 
require  any  mixture  of  wholearm  with  it, 
however.  The  arm  rests,  not  heavily,  but 
lightly,  a  little  below  the  elbow.  {See  Oc- 
tober diagram.)  The  wrist  most  be  carried 
up  from  the  paper;  the  pen  should  be  hold 


aid  to  those  wlut  may  $eet  to  pmfit  by  tht  suggestiom  of  Mr.  Cooper  rrgprcting  drill, 
lee  intert  tA^  above  Alphabet  of  Standard  CapitaU. 


in  the  usual  manner  (see  diagrams  in  other* 
numbers);  the  third  finger  touches,  and 
glides  on  or  over  the  paper;  the  hand,  the 
fingers  and  the  wrist  are  all  used  together. 

Suppose  you  are  now  in  position  and  try 
the  stem,  a  compound  curve  and  oval. 

Study  copy,  and  try  a  line,  with  a  slow, 
fearless  movement — not  quite  as  slow  as 
finger  movement.  Kepeat  the  line  ten 
times ;  then  increase  the  speed  of  motion  a 
little,  say  one-half.  Study  up  your  stems 
made,  and  see  if  you  have  the  position. 
(We  mean  by  position  the  slant  of  the 
characters.)  Try  them  at  first  rather  light, 
with  more  and  more  shade  until  you  shade 
the  base  heavily — that  is,  if  your  pen  will 
produce  the  shade.  Try  twelve  lines  in 
this  way,  and  then  try  the  slow  and  accel- 
erated movement  on  the  lines  successively. 
Now,  try  two  slopes :  the  last,  45  de- 
grees, which  is  very  slanting.  Then,  go 
back  to  50-52  degrees  of  slope.  You  are 
now  to  try:  A,  and  N,  perhaps,  ten  lines; 
produce  three  lines  of  A ;  then,  compare 
your  three  lines  with  your  model — compare 
shape  and  slant.  Remember,  45  degrees  of 
slope  is  an  iQclination  of  half  way  to  the 
horizontal  line,  and  52  degrees  more  nearly 
approaclies  a  vertical  direction. 

You  will  see,  by  carefully  examining  the 
full  set  of  capitals,  that  fourteen  or  fifteen 
may  be  produced  with  the  stem.  When  too 
weary  to  drill  further  to  advantage — stop. 

DriU  No.  2  may  begin  with  N. 

Produce  three  lines  of  stems  and  three  ot 
N.  Move  the  pen  strongly,  hopefully, 
fearlessly.  Work  from  twelve  to  fifteen 
minutes. 

Then  try  M.  At  first,  very  carefully ; 
after  three  lines,  compare  your  letters  with 
the  copy.  Shade  the  stems  lightly,  tlien 
heavily.  Carefully  inspect  the  structure  of 
the  second  and  third  part  of  M :  one  shade 
is  stiflicient. 

3d  Stem  Drill.  Practice  stems  with 
double-coils  in  the  base :  then,  try  T  and  F. 
Consult  the  form  of  the  cap  and  the  way  it 
is  placed  in  the  diagram. 

Try  Drill  No.  4  of  stem  capitals. 

Perhaps  you  are  bothered  with  tremor  of 
the  hand.  Muscular  movement  practice 
will  cure  this.  It  may  be  that  the  hand 
jerks  and  will  not  obey  the  will.  Rest  your 
hand  often ;  write  in  a  cool  place ;  move  on 
forms  slower;  never  mind  failures;  alter- 
nate, slow,  fast,  faster. 

4th  or  5th  Drill.  Try  I  and  G— never 
miud  J  at  present. 

Introduce  one  or  two  new  capitals  in  each 
drill  until  through  with  the  stem  capitals — 
repeating  in  each  drill  those  already  tried. 
Do  no  careless  work  in  this  business ;  save 
your  practice  for  reference. 

You  are  to  either  stick  to  this  drill,  or 
else  return  to  it  soon — resting-off  on  other 
practice  until  you  are  sure,  or  nearly  sure, 
of  producing  the  ?^ole  set,  time  after  time. 

You  have  now  tried  twelve  or  fourteen 
letters  with  drill.  On  the  whole,  you  have 
failed,  and  you  are  discouraged.  You  are, 
we  presume,  unaided  by  a  master,  and  you 
are  not  certain  that  yon  quite  understand 


First.  How  about  the  stem  ?  are  you 
sure  that  you  give  these  slope  enough  f 
say,  yours  have  50  degrees;  try  it  again, 
45  degrees  «lope ;  now,  come  up  to  52  de- 
grees of  slope ;  try  two  or  three  slopes  at 
least.  But  you  say  your  pen  is  liexible 
enough,  but  will  not  produce  shade.  How 
is  thist  Do  you  press  both  nibs  alike t 
Perhaps  you  write  with  the  edge  of  your 
pen  and  left  nib.  Suppose  you  incline  the 
holder  more — giving  it  more  slope.  Now, 
produce  three  lines  light,  semi-light,  and 
three  heavy.  Lay  ou;  try  it  again;  give 
us  another  drill  on  A,  N,  M.  Now  repeat : 
first,  inch — then,  half-inch — capitals.  Now, 
try  the  whole  half-set  once  more. 

You  uow  observe  that  if  you  produce  a 
line  of  one  sort  only,  you  succeed ;  but  by 
following  each  letter  with  new  characteris- 
tics you  strike  the  whole  wild.  This  is 
bad. 

Then  reproduce  the  half-set  in  this  way  : 
first.  A,  N,  M;  next,  A,  N,  M,  T,  F; 
next,  repeat;  add  M  aud  K;  next,  G  and 
/;  again;  and  add  Y,  and  so  on;  close 
with  5'. 

The  trouble  springs  from  the  fact  that 
each  characteristic  is  a  change  of  movement. 

How  is  it  about  A  and  N  you  hit  every 
time,  but  T  aud  Fare  failures?  The  cap 
cuts  the  stem;  yes,  put  it  higher  then,  un- 
til you  clear  the  stem. 

But  you  say  the  caps  look  stiff.  Ah,  my 
friend!  you  must  examine  your  diagram 
until,  by  hard  looking,  you  see  the  exact 
fashion  of  the  cap. 

Now,  drill  on  T  and  F  until  you  get  the 
cap  muscular  movement.  Remember:  no 
odds  how  long  it  takes  to  work  up  these 
letters,  *(  will  pay. 

Why  all  this  difficulty  in  acquiring  capi- 
tals? You  are  at  first  a  stranger  to  the 
pen  ;  yon  tell  us  that  you  are  familiar  with 
the  pencU.  Well;  you  must  grow  familiar 
with  the  pen  by  use — must  take  hold  of  it 
scientifically;  your  fingers  are  all  thumbs. 
At  first  you  must  familiarize  the  holding 
the  pen  lightly,  by  thus  holding  and  using 
it  a  while.  At  first,  also,  each  movement  is 
unnatural  aud  strange ;  you  find  the  stem 
so  hard.  Work  a  few  hours  at  the  stem  by 
drill,  and  the  movement  begins  to  feel  nat- 
ural. Go  on :  your  hand  at  first  hates  it ; 
your  wrist  hales  it;  but,  by  reproducing, 
your  hand,  arm,  and  wrist  come  to  like  it. 
This  is  a  law  of  reproduction.  After  a 
while  you  will  produce  the  character  over 
and  over  with  your  eyes  shut.  Go  on  re- 
peating production,  and  by  and  by  your 
hand  and  wrist  will  produce  the  character 
when  you  are  asleep. 

Throw  aside  your  pen  for  weeks,  and 
one  half  bimr'a  practice  will  restore  the 
habit.  Now,  it  happens  that  there  is 
pleasure  in  indulging  a  habit ;  and  so,  after 
a  time,  this  labor — at  first,  misery — gets  to 
be  pleasure.  This  is  one  of  the  best  things 
about  the  whole  business  of  writing. 

A  drill  in  writing  is  one  thing;  a  drill  on 
capitals  is  another;  figures,  a  third. 

We  have,  above,  indicated  a  little  of  the 
philosophy  of  drill.  Of  course,  there  are 
other   capitals    based   on    other  principles. 


Of  these  we  may  speak  aguo.  We,  of 
course,  are  not  giving  a  course  of  lessons ; 
what  we  say  will  be  disconnected.  Of 
hundreds  of  things  in  a  course  we  shall  say 

nothing. 

What  I  have  last  said  may  itself  require 
explanation.  We  shall,  in  the  matter  of 
drill,  say  all  that  is  proper  to  make  you 
masters  of  thorough  drill  and  practice  beloro 

Alt  proper  pen -drill  is  business,  and 
busines-i,  in  its  demands  upon  attention, 
will,  and  ability,  while  in  hand,  is  inexor- 
able. What  I  am  at — particularly  in  what 
I  say  —  is,  to  help  you  aud  to  persuade 
you  to  turn  Professors  Kelley,  Ames, 
and  Spencers  teaching  to  use.  The  Amer- 
ican youths  never  had,  and  especially 
at  so  low  a  rate,  a  chance  to  secure 
a  first-rate  rapid  handwriting  as  Mr. 
Ames  now  gives.  You  have  —  hundreds 
have — bought  these  Journals  and  other 
works  of  kindred  character,  but  you  tamper 
with  the  whole  matter  of  pen-practice;  you 
do  not  even  read  the  rules.  SAll  you  pro- 
fess to  be  ptipils  of  these  masters;  but, 
really,  the  truth  is,  you  have  as  yet  put 
neither  mental  study  nor  hand  labor  on  the 
work.  Loose  work  in  music  or  art-prac- 
tice, by  whomsoever  commended,  never  haa 
or  will  make  anything  more  tha«  a  super- 
ficial workman  or  master. 

We  hope  to  bear,  in  three  months,  that 
thousands  are  trying  the  elEcacy  of  the 
lessons  and  the  drill  of  the  Journal,  aud  so 
report  to  headquarters. 


To  : 


Topics 

;  Discussed  thkough 
of  the  "  journa 


By  C.  H.  Pbirce,  Keokuk,  Iowa. 

1.  The  Power  of  Position. 

2.  Philosophical  V8.  Mathematical  Criti- 
tioisra. 

3;  Time,  as  Applied  to  Writing. 

4.  Time  for  Writing  vs.  the  Time  for 
Book-keeping  in  Business-Colleges. 

5.  Teaching  Power. 

t>.  Suitableness  of  the  Professitm. 

7.  When  did  you  Learu  to  Write! 

8.  Incorrect  Penholding — the  Causes  and 
Efl'ects;  Remedies  and  Cures. 

9.  How  every  City  over  10,000  Inhabi- 
tants can  have  a  Special  Teacher  of  Writ- 
ing, without  Additional  Cost. 

10.  Business  Figures. 

11.  Condition  of  Class  after  Course  of 
(12)  Twelve  or  more  Lessons  from  an  Itin- 
erant Professor. 

12.  How  to  Teach  Figures  and  Secure 
the  Greatest  Developments. 

13.  The  Straight  vs.  the  Oblique  Pen- 
holder. 

14.  The  Advantages  of  a  Special  Teacher 
of  Penmanship  in  our  City  Schools. 

15.  True  Criticism. 


Send  $1  Bills. 
We  wish  our  patrons  to  bear  in  mind  that 
in  payment  for  subscriptions  we  do  not  de- 
sire postage -stamps,  aud  that  they  should  be 
sent  only  for  fractional  parts  of  a  dollar.  A 
dollar  bill  is  much  more  convenient  and  safe 
to  remit  than  the  same  amount  in  1,  2  or  3 
cent  stamps.  The  actual  risk  of  remitting 
money  is  slight — if  properly  directed,  not 
one  miscarriage  will  occur  in  one  thousand. 
Inclose  the  bills,  and  where  letters  contain- 
ing money  are  sealed  in  presence  of  the 
postmaster  we  will  aasume  all  the  risk. 


The  small  boy  of  a  clergyman,  in  Port- 
land, Me.,  was  detected,  by  his  mother,  in 
the  act  of  ornamenting,  with  his  jack-knife, 
a  costly  inlaid  table  by  a  deeply-cut  carving 
of  his  ideal  steamboat.  A  day  or  two  after, 
the  lady  saw  him  from  the  door,  looking 
with  admiring  eyes  at  his  partially  com- 
pleted work,  and  heard  him  sigh:  "By 
George !  I  wish  I  had  got  that  smokestack 
uu  before  she  licked  me." 


UtilA 


VU  1     JOl   UN  VI 


Writing  in  Country  Schools. 

Bt  C-  G.  Pokteb. 

While  so  much  is  being  done  to  improve 

the  stAsdard  of  vrriting  nmong  profeawonst 

wriUrs  Hod  \a  bii8ine§«-coltegee,  what  efforts 

r.    liciug  pill  forth  to  produce  good  writ*-rB 

ir  public  8cbool8,  especiHlly  the  country 

iIm!     The   people   generally   may   be 

.jiwiied  into  two   classeB,   with    renpecl  to 

their  views  on  the  subject  of  pennmuship. 

Ftrst,  those  who  make  it  a  hobby  ;  and, 
second,  those  who  take  but  little  inte-est  in 

The  first  class  would  place  writing  as  the 
first  and  foremost  study  to  be  poreued, 
.  h.r  in  the  acqairemont  of  a  limited  or 
.  r  il  education  ;  the  second  class  would 
-iilrr  it  only  as  a  secondary  branch,  and 
,.ue  upon  which  little  time  or  study  should 
bo  spent. 

But  few  ol  the  tirsl  are  to  be  found  in  our 
rntiiitry    nrhools, 


than  in  acquiring  something  new,  or  even  in 
improving  what  has  been  acquired. 

Then  one  thing  to  be  done,  in  attempting 
to  improve  the  n-riting  in  our  common 
schools,  is  to  endeavor  to  impress  those 
under  whose  supervision  the  schools  are 
placed  with  the  importance  of  the  study, 
that  they  may  demand  a  higher  standard  of 
attainmeul  lu  their  teachers.  We,  ehonld 
also  use  the  beet  uieaus  in  our  power  to  ed- 
ucate the  teachers  in  the  sci<  nee  aod  art  of 
good  writing,  and  to  show  the  patrons  of 
schools  generally  that  writing  is  just  as 
important  (though  not  more  so)  as  any 
branch  taagbt  in  the  public  schools. 


It  is  Useless  to  Apply 

to  us  for  specimens  of  our  penmanship.  Ap- 
plicants are  so  numerous  and  our  time  is  so 
occupied,  that  it  is  impossible  for  as  to  ooiu- 


tiou  is  poor,  the  capitals  will  be  poor;  if 
the  execution  of  the  saute  is  fair,  your  cap- 
itals will  be  fair;  if  good,  the  capitals  will 
be  good ;  if  excellent,  the  capitals  will  be 
excellent ;  if  superior,  so  with  the  capitals. 

The  Philosophy  of  Motion  may  now  be 
applied  to  the  capital  stem,  with  early  pros- 
pects of  gratifying  results.  Pass  from  this 
to  the  first  part  of  H  and  K,  standard 
fonns.  With  but  little  choice  in  the  selec- 
tion of  letters  of  this  group,  proceed  to  pass 
each  one,  sinaly — leaving  G  until  the  last. 

If  this  is  your  first  effort  at  systematic 
practise,  remember  that  to  do  fair  ie  all  that 
should  be  expected. 

You  make  your  own  disappointment  if 
you  endeavor  to  produce  the  very  highest 
ideal  before  canvassing  the  fielil. 

I  do  not  disregard  lofty  aspirations,  but  I 
do  raise  my  voice  against  a  very,  very  com- 
mon and  foolish  opinion,  viz.,  that  excellent 


the  shortest  apace  of  time,  be  must  produce 
several  more  extented  inovemeuls  that  never, 
never  fail  to  give  increased  power.  Then 
take  up  the  next  group  of  capitals,  and  so 
on,  advancing  as  far  as  possible,  and  then 
returning  for  re-enforcement  which  is  always 
found  in  extended  movements.  The  ridicu- 
lous, yet  common,  method  of  practising 
upon  a  chosen  capital  for  hours  at  a  time, 
without  the  proper  preparation,  is  justly 
comparable  to  a  child  working  in  long  divi- 
sion, who,  in  a  flight  of  fancy,  attempts,  for 
the  first  time,  to  work  a  problem  in  partial 


Failure  is  a  partial  result  of  ignorance, 
and  he  who  would  intelligently  hope  for 
success  must  not  work  iu  the  dark  nor  shut 
up  his  eyes  from  the  light,  but  witli  all  pos- 
sible assistance,  with  all  possible  effort, 
"  Act,  aot  iu  the  Uviog  present,"  as  becomes 
a  "  true^knight  of  the  qoill." 

If  you  would 


the 


students 
c.omuion  schools, 
and  the '  idea  is 
too  frequently 
encouraged  by 
teaclierc,  "  If  1 
can  i»uly  write  so 
that    it    cHli    be 


1^   0..I 


by  teacht-rs   due 
to  the  fact   that 


in  which  ih.) 
are  lluin^elvis 
deficient  Y  Fur  is 
it  not  a  laiiiei.l- 
able  fact  ihnt 
many,  and  I 
think     I     iiii>-lit 


r,,„!,1,  will,  hnle 
trouble,  improve 
tbeir  writing 
very  much.  This, 
D  many  of  then' 


m\\ 


npl 


until  a  higher  standard  is  required  of  them 
by  school-boards  and  examiners. 

It  is  hard  for  teachers,  who  are  themselveH 
poor  writers,  to  inspire  their  pupils  .with  a 
desire  to  become  even/atr?ygoo(i  writers,  to 
say  nothing  of  a  "  love  for  the  art."  Lack 
of  writiuK-books,  with  engraved  or  printed 
copies,  by  many  pupils,  is  a  great  drawback 


rad 


I  iiuoe  heard  a  man  ask  the  clerk  in  a 
-  nn-  for  some  foolscap  paper  with  which  to 
tii;ilic  writing-books  for  his  children.  When 
;i-kf-J  if  he  would  not  like  some  copy  -  hot  ks 
witli  printed  copies,  he  said,  "No;  it  is  the 
leacher's  business  to  write  copies,  and  I  am 
not  goiug  to  buy  them  ready-made  to  save 
the  teacher  the  trouble  of  writing  them." 

The  average  school-teacher  cau  dftver 
write  the  same  copy  twice  alike,  to  say 
nothiug  of  the  difference  iu  *.lie  writing  of 
difforcnt  teachers,  ox  '*  individuality  in  writ- 
iut:"-.  and  the  most  of  the  schools,  in  the 
riimi  districts,  change  teachers  with  each 
succeeding  term. 

Thus  the  pupil  often  spends  more  time  in 
UHletuning  what  has  already  b^en  ]e»rped 


ply  with  such  requests.  We  can  only  show  , 
our  hand  through  the  columns  of  the  : 
Journal. 


Programme  "C." 

Philosophy  OP  Motion. — Capitals  and 
Combinations. 
Article  IX. — Concluded. 
By  C.  H.  Peirck. 
Are  you  satisfied  that  you  now  under- 
stand the  "Philosophy  of  Motion"  and  its 
application   to  the  simpler  forms — whole- 
arm?    If  so,  you  may  now  begin  the  prac- 
tice of  capitals  proprr,  commencing  with  V, 
and  passing  each  letter  of  first  group,  singly. 

How  well  this  work  may  be  ^one  will 
depend  upon  the  ease,  dash  and  grace  of 
motion  displayed  in  extended  movements 
and  the  Philosophy  ol  Motion.  The  sev- 
eral grades  of  distinction,  on  a  scale  of  five, 
may  be  embodied  in  the  following;  1st, 
poor;  2d,  fair;  3d,  good;  4th,  excellent; 
5th,  superior.  If  your  execution  of  ex- 
tended movements  and  philosophy ,of  Mo- 


results  phouM  he  the  first  fruit  of  a  spas- 
modic effort.     Why  expect  itt 

Svstematic  training,  coupled  with  syste- 
matic   practise,  will    give    systematic   ad- 
t,  which  is  the  only  true  develnp- 


Scratchiuff,  scribbling  and  bull-dog  grit 
may  win  satisfactory  results  for  a  time,  but 
he  who  would  wear  the  highest  honors  and 
gain  the  coveted  prize  mnst  possess  intelli- 
gence of  a  higher  order. 

The  power  to  execute  a  half  dozen  "ex- 
tended movements,"  to  understand  the  Phi- 
losophy of  Motion  in  its  simplest  form,  to 
place  upon  paper  a  few  of  the  easier  capi- 
tals, will  not  meet  the  requirements  when 
more  difficult  results  are  demanded-  I  re- 
peat it,  inieUigence  is  the  only  sure  gaide, 
and  if  the  ambitious  youth  seeks  to  climb 
without  it,  he  must  eventually  be  content  to 
sit  with  the  ordinary  of  the  profession. 

The  analogous  conclusion  is,  that  after 
the  student  has  done  his  very  best  with  the 
power  at  hand  (and  by  this  I  mean  much 
more  than  is  nsually  implied  by  the  term), 
if  he  Would  make  the  greatest  progress  io 


ug  exercises 

ind  extended 

ements,  un 

1     the     fleshy 

of  the  fore- 

will    1 

m     every    c< 

ceivable    dir 

and  grace,  the 
size,  at  least,  of 
a  silver  dollar.  To  acquire  this  is  to  begin 
with  a  simple  oval,  the  size  of  a  dime,  and 
as  soon  as  desirable,  pass  to  the  size  of  a 
quarter,  and  so  on. 

The  steps  necessary  to  the  general  devel- 
opment of  Programme  "  C  "  are    precisely 


thes 


sthoi 


'B." 


You  will  find,  at  the  outset,  that  the  work 
is  much  more  difficult  in  *'C"  than  "B," 
and  the  cause  can  be  attributed  niMnly  to 
the  want  of  capacity. 

Gradually,  however,  the  muscles  will  be 
brought  under  control  until  the  highest 
power  conceivable  is  reached. 

At  first,  confine  your  efforts  in  making 
capitals  to  the  ordinary  space  on  legal  cap 
paper  and  to  very  simple  designs. 

You  will  find  the  smaller  alphabet  of  the 
Peirc^rian  System  very  appropriate  in  every 
respect,  after  which  the  larger  set  cau  be 
easily  and  readily  adopted. 

No.  5,  Combinations. — By  reference  to 
Febniary,  No.  81  of  Journal,  you  will  find 
this  point  treated  as  fully  as  I  c«re  to  now. 
In  a  separate  article,  at  some  time,  I  will 
be  pleased  to  discuss  Combinations  at  length, 


Am    JOIIJVAI. 


'^^'W^if 


I'baro  thuB  far  reviewed,  haatDy,  Pro- 
grammes "  A,"  "  B  "  and  *'  C" 

If  aD7  point*  Lave  been  left  doubtful,  you 
will  confer  apon  me  a  great  favor  by  asking 
any  and  all  qaestions  through  the  colurana 
of  the  JoORHAL,  and  I  will  reply  as  best  as 


My  next  article  of  this  series  will 
ioce  Programme  "D." 

(To  be  continued.) 


Educational  Notes. 

[CommunicatioiiB  for  this  Department  may 
be  addreRBed  lo  B.  F.  KeLLET.205  Broadway, 
New  York.     Brief  educational  items  Bolioited.] 

Amherst  College  has  352  etudents. 
Williams  College  has  251  Btudente. 
Little  Kock,  Ark.,  is  soon  to  have  a  uni- 
versity. 
School  savings-banks  are  to  bo  introduced 


r    new  Yale  catalogue 
of  l.UDG  students. 


the 


WiscoDsiu  University  rejoices  ih  nearly 
100  freshmen.  —  College  Record. 

The  University  of  Illinois  hafi  an  annual 
income  of  $)i.i,000.  —  College  Record. 

The  school  revenue  of  New  Hampshire 
duripg  the  past  year  was  $534,527.74, 

The  number  of  female  students  in  attend- 
ance at  Michigan  University  this  year  was 
184. 

There  are  365  pupils  now  attending  the 
Spenceriau  Business- College  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio. 

New  Jersey  will  have  the  comfortable  sum 
of  $1,774,G93.47  to  expend  upon  her  schools 
this  year. 

Virginia,  last  year,  had  5,382  public 
schools.  Her  school  expenditures  were 
$1,100,236,00. 

New  Orieans  has  received  a  gift  of  $2, 
000,000  for  the  endowment  of  a  college.  — 
College  Record. 

There  are  sixty-one  public  free  schools  in 
the  City  of  Brooklyn,  with  an  average  daily 
uttondanco  of  54,184. 

A  "  School  of  Music"  had  been  estab- 
lished at  Ann  Arbor  in  connection  with  the 
University  of  Michigan. 

The  Legislature  of  Vermont  is  petitioned 
for  a  law  inakint;  instruction  concerning 
temperance  obligatory. 

There  are  188  boys  and  108  girls,  from 
several  of  the  Western  tribes,  at  the  Indian 
school  at  Carlisle,  Penu. 

It  is  said  that  the  same  series  of  text- 
books  cannot  be  found  in  any  two  counties 
in  California.— i\r.  y.  Tribune. 

According  to  the  last  Census  there  are  in 
this  country  4,023,451  persons  unable  to 
read,  and  0,230,059  unable  to  write. 

Mr.  Garry  has  given  $30,000  to  be  used 
in  founding  a  professorship  of  books  at 
Oberliu  College.  —  Teacher^a  Guide. 

The  State  of  Ohio  has  1,063,337  pupils; 
enroUmout,  744,758;  23,970  teachers  (12, 
517  woineu);  per  capita  cost,  $14.75. 

The  average  attendance  in  the  Ohio  pub- 
lic schools  last  year  was  508,141.  The 
school  population  numbered  1,003,337. 

The  University  of  Vienna  has  nearly 
5,000  students  —  a  larger  number  than  at 
any  time  within  the  past  two  centuries. 

Mt.  Holyoke  Seminary  has  275  students 
and  25  teachers.  The  new  students  were 
boiler  prepared  than  nsual.  —  Scfiool  Jour- 
nal 

Young  women  fonn  forty  per  cent,  of  the 
attendance  at  the  Boston  Evening  High 
Schoul — the  total    attendance   being    640 

Mr.  Holloway,  an  Englishman,  has  given 
$2,000,000  to  endow  an  iostitntion  for  the 
higher  ednoKtioQ  ol  wumen. — ffarvard 
BerakL 


Of  the  470  stodenta  attending  the  Provin- 
cial Normal  and  Model  Scho<d8  at  Ottawa, 
470  receive  iustmction  in  peomaDeliip.  — 
Universal  Penman. 

The  Library  of  the  late  George  P.  Marsh, 
containing  12,000  volumes,  many  of  them 
rare,  has  been  purchased  by  Mr.  F.  Billings 
fur  the  University  of  Vermont. 

Cornell  University  finds  that  an  estate 
bequeathed  to  it,  supposed  to  be  of  moderate 
value,  is  worth  over  §2,000,000  in  cash,  as 
it  was  iuvealed  in  Wisconsin  pine  lands. — 
School  Journal. 

Dr.  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  has  tendered 
his  resignation  as  Parkman  Professor  of 
Anatomy  in  the  Medical  School  of  Harvard 
University — a  position  he  has  held  for 
thirty-five  ye&TB.—ScJiool  Journal. 

The  oldest  institution  of  learning  in 
America  is  situated  in  New  York,  on  Twen- 
ty-ninth Street  near  Seventh  Avenue  and  is 
known  as  the  "Schu-.l  uf  the  Iief..rined  Pro- 
testant Dutch  Church  of  the  City  of  New 
York."  This  institution  was  founded  in 
1633 — three  years  before  Harvard  College. 

Women  are  now  eligible  to  school-offices 
in  Illinois,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Virginia,  Mas- 
sachusetts, Michigan,  Minnesota,  Pennsyl- 
vania, VeiTnont,  Wyoming,  and  to  anyullice 
in  Wisconsin  except  Slate  Superintendent. 
One  of  the  members  of  tlie  Mississippi 
Stale  Board  of  Education  Js  a  woman.  — 
Teacher's  Guide. 

Educational  Fancies. 

A  school -teacher  is  a  person  employed  to 
give  parents  five  hours  of  peace  and  quiet 
per  day. 

"  What  is  the  cause  of  the  saltness  of  the 
ocean  T"  inquired  a  t''acher  of  a  bright 
liitle  boy.  "  The  codfish,"  replied  the  littie 
original. 

A  Vassar  College  miss  reads  the  prayer- 
book  responses,  tliua:  "As  it  was  in  the 
beginning,  is  now  and  ever  shall  he,  world 
without  men.     Ah,  me ! " 

Innocent,  earnest  art-student  {to  profes- 
sor):  "Please,  what  is  a  Grecian  curve?" 
Professor  {  embarrassed  and  smiling ) : 
"  Why— it's— it's  a  Grecian  bend  ! " 

Correct. — "  My  boy,"  said  a  conscien- 
tious teacher,  "do  you  know  why  I  am 
going  to  wliip  yout"  "  Yes,"  replied  the 
young  hopeful,  "  because  you're  bigger  than 
I  am." 

"Can  you  tell  me,  little  girl,  why  we 
pray  for  our  daily  bread  T"  asked  an  Austin 
Sunday-school  teacher  of  one  of  her  pupils. 
"  Because  the  bread  would  get  stale  if  we 
didn't  get  it  every  day."— Tmos  Si/tings. 

Nine  per  cent,  of  Yale  graduates  become 
clergymen,  and  quit  ripping  up  sidewalks, 
stealing  gates,  and  heaving  brickbats 
through  cliamber  windows.  The  other 
ninety-one  [;er  cent,  go  out  into  the  world 
and  whoop'er  up. 

Professor  (explaining  the  influence  of  dif- 
ferent densities  of  air  on  sound) :  "  If  now 
from  hero  we  should  hear  the  steamboat 
whistle  down  in  the  harbor,  what  should 
we  infer!"  Bright  Junior:  "Steamboat 
coming  \u."—7ale  Record. 

An  Austin  teacher  was  calling  the  roll. 
Just  as  ho  called  out  "Bob  Smith,"  Bob 
pushed  open  the  door,  out  of  breath,  and 
answered,  "Here,  sir!"  "Robert,  next 
time  you  must  not  answer  to  your  name 
unless  you  are  here."  "Yes,  sir;  I'll  try 
not  to."— Tezfl*  Siftings. 

An  Austin  boy  came  home  from  school 
very  much  excited,  and  told  his  father  that 
he  believed  all  human  beings  were  descehded 
from  apes,  which  made  the  old  man  so  mad 
that  he  angrily  replied:  "That  might  be 
the  case  with  you,  but  it  ain't  witli  me;  I 
can  tell  you  that,  now."— Jara*  Siftings. 

Annie  was  six  years  old,  and  was  going 
to  school  with  a  sister  of  nine.  One  after- 
noon, when  school  was  near  its  close,  her 
nnole  ekmd  by  and  proposed  to  eazrj  tfaem 


home.  The  elder  girl  was  at  the  head  of 
her  class,  and  would  nut  leave,  but  Annie 
said,  "All  right,  Uncle  Buck!  I'll  go.  I 
am  foot,  and  can't  get  any  footer  '.  " 

When  we  see  the  young  man  of  the  per- 
iod, with  the  cntawaycoat,  his  ears  sheltered 
from  the  cold  North  wind  blasts  by  the 
broad  expanse  of  his  collar,  his  two  watch- 
chain?,  but  DO  watch,  his  pointed  shoes  and 
intellectual  eye-glasses,  his  tootsey-wootsey 
cane  and  pancake  hat,  we  realize  that  the 
$84,000,000  annually  expended  in  educating 
the  American  youth  is  little  enough. — 
Rochester  Express. 

A  young  man  was  teaching  in  a  district 
school,  when  one  day  the  following  conver- 
sation took  place.  Teacher  (to  a  little  girl 
whom  he  sees  weeping  violently) :  "What 
is  the  matter,  Fanny f"  Fanny:  "Je — 
Je — Je — Johnny's  tryin'  t — t — to  kiss  m — 
m — "  Teacher  (interrupting):  "Johnny, 
were  you  trying  to  kies  Fanny  f  "  Johnny  : 
"No,  sir."  Teacher:  "But  she  says  that 
you  were."  Fanny:  "  N^n — no,  sir.  He 
w— w— w— was  t—t—t—t— tryin'  to  kiss 
M — M — Maggie  J — Jackson." 

A  scientist  says:  "  Segregation  is  a  pro- 
cess tending  ever  to  separate  unlike  units, 
and  to  bring  together  like  units,  so  serving 
continually  to  sharpen,  or  make  definite, 
differentiat;onB  which  have  been  otherwise 
caused."  Tliia  seems  plain  enough,  aud 
satisfactorily  explains  why  the  homogeneity 
of  the  contaction  of  the  nebulosity  and  the 
evolutionism  of  the  subseqiientiation  and  in- 
dividualism are  in  antipathy  to  the  herefore- 
ness  and  primordialism  of  the  cosmos  in  its 
relation  to  the  unseenness  of  the  vacuity. 
And  yet  some  persona  may  doubt  it. — Nor- 
ristotvn  Herald. 

I  In  ev*py  instance  where  the  source  of  any 
item  used  in  this  department  is  known,  the 
propel-  credit  is  given.  A  like  courtesy  from 
olhei-8  will  be  appreciated.] 


"What's  the  Difference?" 

"  Well,  I  do  declare!" 

"  Who  didn't  know  that  I  " 

"Pshaw;  anybody  could  tcH  you  the 
same  thing ! " 

"  I  always  thought  that  people  had  sense 
enough  to  do  such  simple  thii  gs  without 
telling." 

"  In  the  West  they  may  not  know  any 
better,  but  we  Down-easterners  are  a  heap 
more  sharper." 

The  following  remarks  are  respectfully 
dedicated  to  anxious  readers  of  the  Jouunal, 
who  are  ever  ready  to  accept  any  aid  that 
will  prove  beneficial,  aud  not  to  the  "  wise 
men  of  the  East." 

In  this  number  of  the  JOURNAL  is  an 
article  upon  "The  Power  of  Position,"  and 
this  idea  may  very  properiy  be  considered 
m  connection  with  it,  viz.:  "How  to  Secure 
the  Greatest  Power  of  the  Forearm." 

1st.  Did  it  ever  occur  to  you  that  there 
might  possibly  be  too  much  clothing  on  the 
arm,  thereby  destroying  the  perfect  action 
of  the  muscles  of  the  forearm? 

2d.  How  many  thicknesses  of  clothing  do 
you  have  upon  the  arm  during  the  colder 
part  of  the  year? 

3d.  What  is  the  size  of  your  cuff? 

4th.  Does  not  the  flannel  undersleeve  fit 
tightly  to  the  arm? 

5th.  Tight  sleeves  are  the  style  for  ladies; 
what  must  be  done,  if  the  muscles  must  have 
perfect  freedom,  in  order  to  get  the  proper 
action  ? 

Gth.  Have  you  practised  for  hoore  and 
hours,  days  and  days,  weeks  and  weeks,  yet 
did  not  get  the  easy  motion  so  desirable  to 
produce  good  results? 

Remember,  we  are  discussing  only  one 
point,  viz.*  "Does  it  make  any  material 
difference  how  the  arm  is  clothed  when  you 
wish  to  secure  the  very  best  results  of  fore- 
arm?"   Most  assuredly  it  does! 

Jst.  Too  much  clothing  upon  the  arm 
will  not  permit  it  to  move  freely. 

2d.  Reduce  the  number  of  thicknesses  as 
much  as  possible.  At  IsHt  fm  the  time  of 
writing. 


3d.  If  yoor  cuff  does  not  admit  of  your 
arm  moving  forward  and  backward  very 
easily,  devise  some  means  by  which  it  can 
be  done. 

4th.  Have  a  piece  of  mnslin  of  sufficient 
size  set  into  your  fiannel  undersleeve,  and 
you  will  never  wonder  again  why  your  fore- 
arm jerks  in  the  execution  of  work. 

5th.  Make  the  dress  sleeve  fit  as  snug  as 
convenient — it's  the  style,  and  that  settles 
it. 

Gth.  By  removing  all  obstacles,  and,  if 
possible,  have  but  a  single  thickness,  and 
that  loosely,  on  the  arm  ;  you  will  then  get 
the  very  best  results. 

Facts  are  stubborn  things,  aud  if  you  per- 
sist in  workine  on  with  a  tight-sleeved  fore- 
arm, you  have  my  sympathy  and  pity.  My 
best  wishes  are  with  you  for  your  success, 
and  I  express  my  regret  that  I  cannot  be 
with  you  in  person,  while  you  are  thua 
mauacled,  that  I  might  quietly  and  peace- 
ably advise  you  of  the  unpardonable  sin. 
C.  H.  Peirce. 


Report  of  the  Dead-letter  Office^ 
—The  annual  report  of  Chief  Dallas  of  the 
Dead-letter  Office  which  has  just  been  com- 
pleted, shows  that  the  whole  number  of 
letters  and  parcels  opened  in  the  office  dur- 
ing the  year  ended  June  30,  1^81,  19,989 
contained  money,  an  mcrease  of  7  per  cent, 
over  the  previous  year;  that  24,575  contain- 
ed drafts,  checks,  notes,  etc.,  an  iflcrease  of 
ilh  per  cent.;  that  44,731  contained 
receipt?,  certificates,  paid  notes,  etc.,  an 
increase  of  I7i  per  cent. ;  that  39,242  con- 
tained photographs,  an  increase  of  16  per 
cent. ;  that  52,403  coutaiaed  postage- 
stamps,  a  decrease  of  14^  per  cent.;  that 
90,842  contained  merchandise,  books,  etc., 
an  increase  of  20i  per  cent.;  that  3,406,- 
577,  or  an  increase  of  16*  per  cent.,  con- 
tained nothing  of  value.  The  reduction  in 
the  number  of  letters  containing  postage- 
stamps  is  explained  as  being  partly  due  to 
the  extension  of  the  money-order  system, and 
partly  to  the  fact  that  a  smaller  number  of 
fictitious  letters,  which  usually  contain  re- 
mittances of  stamps,  have  been  sent  to  the 
Dead-letter  Ollice  during  the  year.  The 
increase  of  all  articles  of  mail-matter  re- 
ceived was  about  15  per  cent. 

Questions  for  the  Readers  of  the 

"Journal." 

By  Prof.  C.  H.  Peirce. 

1.  Are  the  combinations  of  v,  w  and  b  to 
other  small  letters  formed  the  same  as  that 
ofof 

2.  Should  you  breathe  during  the  esecu- 
iiou  of  work,  generally?     If  not,  why? 

3.  In  writing  a  lone  word,  say  from  two 
to  three  inches,  is  it  necessary  to  change 

•  position  of  either  arm  or  paper  to  secure  the 
highest  order  of  skill? 

4.  Why  do  the  majority  of  good  penmen 
make  the  upper  pwrt  of  capital  ''I"  too 
large? 

5.  What  is  the  diflerence  between  busi- 
ness and  professional  writing? 

G.  How  produce  turns  and  angles? 

7.  What  is  one  cause  of  incorrect  spac- 

8.  What  motion  is  necessary  to  the  cor- 
rect ending  of  letters  and  words? 

9.  Oa  a  scale  of  thirds — how  much  space 
between  two  distinct  Hues  of  writing? 

10.  Why  are  some  turns  on  the  base 
lino  made  greater  than  others,  by  even  our 
best  penmen? 

11.  Can  the  capital  W  be  executed  as 
well  by  lifting  the  pen  from  the  paper,  after 
making  first  parte,  as  ntherwise? 

12.  What,  generally,  is  the  weight  of  the 
forearm  while  executing  work?  Does  the 
weight  vary  with  light  and  sfiaded  lines? 

Subscribers  who  may  desire  to  have  their 
subscription  begin  with  Prof.  Spencer's 
course  of  lessons,  which  began  in  the  May 
nuriibiT,  may  dn  so,  and  rc.-civo  the  Jour- 
nal from  that  date  uuiU  JaDii&ry,^18d4,  for 
$hBO  with  oua  pmnlain. 


Am     JOIHNAL 


Ignorance  and  Superstition. 

Tlie  erreatest  enemies  of  mnnkind  haro 
ever  been,  dnwn  to  the  present  day,  ignor- 
anre  and  BOperetition  ;  their  greatest  bene- 
fact<)r8,  on  the  other  hand,  the  lofty  intel- 
lectual heroes  who  with  the  ^word  of  their 
free  epirit  have  valiantly  contended  with 
those  enemicB.  Among  these  venerable  in- 
tellectual warriora  stand  at  the  head  Darwin, 
Gnflhe,  and  Lamarck,  in  a  line  with  New- 
t..Ti.  Kei)plpr,  and  Copernicus.  These  great 
thitikerB  of  naiure  by  devoting  their  rich  in- 
tellectual gifts,  in 
the  teeth  of  all  op- 
position, to  the  dis- 
covery of  the  most 
sublime  natural 
truths,  have  become 
trne  saviors  of  needy 
mankind,  and  poa- 
tess  a  far  higher 
degree  ol  Christian 
lovethantheSmlu'.^ 
aud  Pharisees  who 
are  always  bearing 
this  phrase  in  their 
mouth  and  the  op- 
posite in  their  heart. 


The  Sand-blast. 

Amonc  the  wonderful  and  useful  inven- 
tions of  the  time  is  the  common  sand-blast. 
Suppose  you  desire  a  piece  of  marble  for  a 
gravestone,  you  cover  the  stone  with  a 
sheet  of  wax  do  thicker  than  a  wafer  ;  then 
yon  cut  in  the  wax  the  name,  date,  etc.,  leav- 
ing the  marble  exposed.  Now  pass  it  under 
the  blast  and  the  sand  shall  cut  it  away.  Re- 
move the  wax  and  you  have  the  cut  letters. 
Take  a  piece  of  French  plate-glass,  pay  two 
by  six  feet,  cover  it  with  fine  lace  and  pass 


philosophy  of  it.  The  sand  whittles  away 
and  destroys  any  hard  substance  —  even 
glass — but  does  not  affect  subst&noes  that 
are  soft  and  yielding,  like  wax,  cotton,  or 
even  the  human  band. 


The  Autograph   Fiend  at  Large. 

Fame  has  penalties,  and  the  worst  of 
these  is  the  autograph  hunter.  Watchmen, 
bulldogs  and  shotguns  may  keep  undesirable 
visitors  from  personally  intruding  upon  the 


But  the  noted  people  of  the  day  are  usually 
those  who  are  most  busy,  so  unless  they  are 
too  got>d  for  this  world  they  cannot  help 
wishing  their  unknown  tormentors  in  a  place 
where  any  autograph  album  would  in  an 
instant  turn  to  smoke  aud  ashes.  The 
mawkish  sentimentality  of  the  age  forbids 
the  shooting  of  autograph  hunters  who  apply 
in  person,  and  it  would  probably  doubt  the 
propriety  of  filling  with  red  pepper  or  nitro- 
glycerine the  return  envelopes  of  those  who 
apply  by  mail ;  but  the  tormented  notabili- 
ight    find 


How  little, 


the 


othei 


hand,    blind 


and  the  domination 
of  orthodoxy  is  in  a 


pOPI 


lifest 


true  philanthropy  is 
eulTiciently  testified 
not  only  by  the 
whole  history  of  the 
Middle  Ages,  but 
also  by  the  intoler- 
ant and  fanatic  pro- 
cedure of  the  mili- 
tant Church  in  our 
days.  Or  must  we 
not  look  with  deep 
shame  on  those  or- 
thodox Christians 
who,  in  our  day, 
flgnio  express  their 
Christian  love  by 
the  persecution  of 
thooe  of  other  faith 
and  by  blind  hatred 
of  rare  f  And  here 
in  Eisenach,  the  sa- 
cred place  where 
Martin  Luther  de- 
livered us  from  the 
gloomy  ban  of  ad- 
herence to  the  letter, 
did  not  a  troop  of 
ao-called  Ltitherans 
venture  some  years 
ago  to  try  anew  to 
bend  science  under 
that  yoke.  Against 
tbia  presumption  on 
the  part  of  a  tyran- 
nical and  selfisb 
priesthood  it  will 
to-day^bo''permitted 
U8  to  protest  on  the 
same  spot  where 
360  years  ago  the 
great  Reiormer  of 
the  Church  kindled  The  above  cut  la  photo-er. 
the  light  of  free  in-  Qe 

quiry.  As  true  Prot- 
estants we  shall  rise 

up  against  every  attempt  to  force  independ- 
ent reason  again  under  the  yoke  of  supersti- 
tion, no  matter  whether  the  attempt  be  made 
by  a  church  sett  or  a  pathologic  spiritism. 
Happily  "we  are  entitled  to  regard  these 
medireval  relapses  as  but  transitory  aberra- 
tions which  will  have  no  abiding  effect. 
The  immeasurable  practical  importance  of 
the  natural  sciences  for  our  modem  culture- 
life  is  now  so  generally  recognized  that  no 
section  of  it  can  any  longer  dispouse  with  it. 
No  power  in  the  world  is  able  again  to  roll 
backward  the  immense  progress  to  which  we 
owe  our  railways  and  steamers,  telegraphy 
and  photography,  aud  the  thousand  indis- 
pensable discoveries  of  pbyaica  and  ohem. 
istry.— jffaecjW,  in  Naiure. 


little 


Jifort  in  fol- 


lowing the  example 
of  the  late  lamented 
Horace  Greeley, 
who  answered  an 
applicant  as  fol- 
lows:  "  Dear  Sir — 
You  ought  to  be  in 
better  business  than 

graphs;"  then  he 
neglected  to  append 
his  name.— ^.  T, 
BtraU. 


Selected. 
A  Testament- 
ary CuBiosiTy. — 
In  1877  a  man  who 
died  in  Beriin  leav- 
ing behind  him  a 
fortune  of  34,000 
marks,  surprised  all 
who  knew  him  by 
devising  that32,000 
marks  should  go  to 
the  authorities  of  his 
native  place,  and 
that  the  remainder 
should  be  divided 
between  nine  rela- 
tives and  a  triend 
with  whom  he  bad 
quarreled,  the  share 
of  any  one  of  the 
legatees  becoming 
forfeited  if  he  fol- 
lowed the  testator 
to  the  grave.  His 
relatives  religiously 
oheyed  the  dead 
man's  decree,  but 
the  estranged  friend, 
remember!  ng  old 
times,  could  not  re- 
frain from  going 
quietly  to  the 
churchyard  and 
paying  his  last  re- 
spects to  the  de- 
ceased.    By  and  by 

light  directing  that 
if  any  one  of  the  ten 
legatees    under    the 


will  £ 
the 


uld  . 


1  pen-and-ink  copy,  preparrd  at  the  office  of  the  "Journal,"  for  lite  "Universal  Self-Iimtructor 
mce  and  Forma,"  lately  published  by  Mr.  Tlws.  Eellij,  A'o.  17  Barclay  Street,  Kew   Tork. 
It  ia  given  a*  a  specimen  of  blackboard- wHting  and  Jlouriihintf. 


mjunction  re- 
garding the  last  ce- 
remony he  was  to 
receive  the  bulk  of 
the  money  left  to 
I  of     the  testator's  town, 


thanks 


the 


it  under  the  blast,  and  not  a  thread  of  the  I  privacry  to  which  the  famous  a 
lace  will  be  injured,  but  the  sand  will  out  i  titled  as  the  obscure,  but  id 
)  the  glass  wherever  it  is  not  covered  .  country  the  postal  departme 


by  the  la^ 


■e  as  fully  eu- 
nearly  every 
it  provides  a 


>  the  lace  and  you      very  witch's  keyhole  for  whoever  i 


utograph 


have  a  delicate  and  beautiful  figui 

the  glass.     lu  tbia  way  figures  of  all  kinds  j  hunte 

are  cut  in  glass  at  small  expense.  The  work-  j  in  a  si 

men  can  hold  their  hands  under  the  blast  '  not    o 

without    any  harm,  even    when    it    is  cut-  '  Last' 

ting  away  at  the  hardest-cutting  glass,  iron,  I  hunte 

or  stone,  but  they  must  look  out  for  finger-      Nilsson,  and  we 

nails,  for  they  will  be  whittled  off  right  hast-  !  tell  of  a  similar  onslaught. 

ily.     If  they  put  on  steel  thimbles  to  pro-  j  demand  for  Patti  autograph: 

tect  their  nails  it  will  do  but  little  good,  for  |  for  Patti  seats.     Such  attentions  may  nol 

the  sand  will  soon  whittle  them  away ;  but  if  1  seem  altogether  disagreeable  to  those  of  m 

they  wrap  a  piece  of  soft  cotton  around  them  \  whoso  autograph  ia  never  in  demand,  unlesf 

they  aiB  Bafe.     Ton  will  at  once  lee  the  I  it  happens  to  be  at  the  bottom  of  a  oheok. 


and  through  this  the 
lakes  bis  way,  operating 
;le  day  on  a  dozen  different  persons, 

whom  ever  did  him  any  harm, 
^ek  the  whole  tribe  of  autograph 
attacked  Mrs.  Langtry  and  Mme. 
and  we  suspect  Signor  Salvini  could 


shrewd  device,  the 
man  who  thought 
more  of  his  old  friendship  than  his  old 
friend's  money  found  himself  comfortably 
provideil  for  for  the  rest  of  his  life. — Cham- 
ber's Journal. 


How  to  Remit  Money. 

The  best  and  safest  way  is  by  Post-oflBoe 

Order,  or  a  bank  draft,  on  New  York  j  next, 

by  registered  letter.    For  fractional  parts  of 

a  dollar,  send  postage  stamps.   Do  not  send 

eek  the  '  personal  checks,  especially  for  small  soou, 

11  equal  that     nor  Canadian  postage  stamps. 


Sample  copies  of  the  Journai.  sent  only 
m  ncfip%  of  price — ten  oenta. 


i  Tr^l/  ^^K'"   JOlKNAlJ 


Li  and  oo«  ytnr.  ji^ynhl*  nimrterly 


LIBERAL  INDUCEMENTS. 


Iland-bolkl 


I  n-m  mail  lo  eticl 
iir,  nnd  ronrard.  by  ) 
ot  e1tb«r  of  the  follonini; 


•  Nonnal  Syai 


lO  JoujlltAL,  one  year,  i 


'uckard'a  Qem* 


PENMAN'S  ART  JOURNAL 
LONDON  AGENCY. 

NTERNATIONAL  NEWS  COMPANY. 

)1  Bonverte  Slr»el.  (Fleet  St.|, 

. Londo.!.  KiiKtund, 

<^*  will  b«  Kiv™  by  po.t«|.c««l  10  .»b.<-ril«r,  al 
firutiDD  of  tbeir  autiacriptioDS 


mpDy 


lopped  until  the  •utHoripllo 


New  Yore,  Dbceuber,  1882. 


The  "Journal"  for  1883. 
With  tlie  presont  issue  tbe  Journal 
completes  its  eixtli  volume.  Upou  its  biiI>- 
ucriptiou-liet  are  nearly  three  times  as  many 
mimes  as  one  year  siuce,  while  the  coming 
yeai  is  !>y  far  more  promising  for  subacrip- 
tious  thau  was  the  past.  With  the  enlarged 
experience  of  its  editors,  and  the  constautly 
iiipreaaiug  facilities  for  gathering  valuable 
iiiattor,  and  for  supplying  miiuerous  and  in- 
torefitiug  ilhistratiuus,  its  retijers  can  be  as- 
sured that  the  course  of  the  Journal  for 
the  enamug,  year  will  be  markedly  progress 
sive.  Its  present  influence  for  good  writing 
oan  scarcely  be  ovcr-estimaled :  in  its 
monthly  visits  it  carries  inspiration  and  effi- 
■ient  aid  lo  some  thonsauds  who  are  teach- 
lug  writing,  and  more  thousands  ot  pupils 
who,  throughout  the  country,  are  striving 
to  acquire  a  good  Imndwriting,  while  its  aid 
to  those  who  are  seeking  to  excel  in  ar- 
Mstic  pen-work  is  scarcely  less  efficient  and 
practical.  No  other  publication  relating  to 
penmanship  has  ever  been  so  far-reaching 
and  itractical  in  its  inHuenee  upon  the  art  as 
the  Journal.  Its  present  circxilation  is, 
undoubtedly,  beyond  the  entire  aggregate 
•)f  all  the  penman's  papen  now  or  eror 


published  upon  this  continent,  while  the 
Duiober  and  extent  rif  its  illustrations,  both 
of  practical  and  artistic,  penmansbip.  are 
without  even  a  pretense  of  rivalry. 

While  the  Journal  will  be  i-rimarily 
devoted  to  the  various  departments  of  pen- 
manship and  matters  of  special  interest  to 
the  profession,  each  number  will  contain 
from  one  to  two  columns  of  choice  educa- 
tional items,  and  a  carefully  selected  mis- 
cellany relating  to  art,  science,  literature, 
homor,  and  matters  of  general  interest — 
sufficient  to  render  it  valuable  t>>  all  classes 
of  persons.  Among  its  subscribers  are  many 
who  have  no  special  interest  in  penman> 
ship.  Parents  who  have  sons  or  daughters 
whom  they  would  have  become  good  writers 
can  niake  no  better  investment  than  to  send 
their  names  as  subscribers  to  the  Journal. 
It  not  only  conveys  to  them,  monthly,  val- 
uable instruction,  but  it  will  awaken  and 
foster  an  enthusiasm  that  will  lead  on  to 
success.  Teachers  who  have  done  good 
work  in  their  classes  will  do  their  pupils  a 
substantial  service  by  inducing  ihem  to  sub- 
scribe for  the  Journal.  They  will  thereby 
supplement  their  own  labor  by  supplying 
the  means  of  keeping  alive  the  interest  they 
have  awakened,  and  encouraging  their 
pupils  to  continued  eflforts  for  improvement. 
No  pains  or  expense  will  he  spared  to 
render  the  Journal,  to  the  highest  degree, 
interesting  and  instructive;  and  to  its  many 
friends,  who,  in  the  past,  have  so  zealously 
labored  to  extend  its  eirculation,  we  return 
our  mof't  earnest  thanks,  and  we  trust  that 
they  will  be  no  less  energetic  and  successful 
during  the  years  to  come. 


New  and  Valuable  Premiums 
For  1883. 

Wo  have  nearly  complete  for  the  press, 
Hnd  expect  to  have  ready  to  mail  on  Janu- 
ary 1st,  1i  work,  entitled,  "  Ames's  Hand- 
book of  Artistic  Penmanship,"  which  will 
consist  of  32  large  pages,  devoted  exclusive- 
ly to  artistic  penmanship,  and  will  embrace 
exercises  and  numerous  designs  for  off-hand 
Hourinhing.  Standard  and  fancy  alphabets 
and  artistic  lettering,  with  instruction  for 
designing  and  executing  artistic  pen-work. 
The  price  of  the  work,  by  mail,  will  be: 
hoiind  in  paper  ciivers,  75  cent-*:  in  cloth, 
$1.00.  To  all  who  shall  remit  $1  for  a  re- 
newal, or  a  new  subscription  to  the  Jour- 
nal, during  the  months  of  December  or 
January,  this  hook  {in  paper)  will  be  mailed 
premium.     In  cloth,  2.5  cents  ex- 


name,  and  that  of  their  Post-office,  County 
and  State.  Hundreds  of  letters,  during  a 
single  year,  are  received,  which  cannot  be 
answered,  from  s>ime  oversight  on  the  part 
of  the  writer. 


Wh 


Reciprocation 
HELPS    A    Penman'.s    Paps 


tbei 


litted. 


For  7S  cents  additional — 1.7.5  in  all — we 
will  mail,  with  the  Journal,  "  The  Hand- 
hook"  {in  paper:  or  $2,  in  cloth)  and  the 
*'  Standard  Practiral  Penmanship,"  tlins 
giving  complete  guides  to  both  practical 
and  artistic  penmanship.  To  subscribers 
sending  their  subscriptions  before  January 
Ist,  we  will  mail  the  December  number,  and 
date  their  subscription  from  January  1st. 
To  those  who  remit  the  additional  sum  for 
the  books,  the  ''Standard  Practical  Pen- 
manship" will  he  mailed  at  once,  and  the 
Hand-book  as  soon  as  ready. 

In  place  to  the  above-named  premiums, 
wo  shall  continue  to  give  free  a  choice  of  all 
the  five  premiums  given  last  year,  viz  : 
Tlie  Centennial  Piotui-p  of  ProgresB   .     22  X  ii8 

The  Lord'd  Prayer 19x24 

The  Garfield  Memorial 19x24 

Till-  Flourished  Eagle 24  x  32 

The  Bounding  Stag ti4  x  32 

And  as  new  premiums  : 

The  Family  Record Irix22 

The  Marriage  Cerliticate 18x22 

Either  of  the  above  works  is  alone  worth 
the  subscription- price  of  the  Journal. 

Should  subscribers  desire  any  of  the  above- 
named  premiums,  other  thau  the  one  of 
their  choice,  if  ordered  at  the  time  of  their 
subscription,  they  will  be  mailed  for  25 
cents  each.  Otherwise,  the  price  by  mail  is 
50  cents  each.     Special  rates  to  agents. 

Pensons  sending  their  subscription  should 
be  careful  to  designate  the  premium  of 
tbeir  choice,  and  give   plainly  their   own 


We  receive,  from  lime  to  time,  a  large 
number  of  penmen's  circulars,  col  lege  papers, 
catalogues,  etc.,  and  it  is  with  pleasure  that 
we  note  in  many  a  kindly  mention  of  the 
Journal  and  a  proper  credit  given  for 
such  editorial  matter  as  suits  their  pub- 
lishers to  copy  therefrom ;  and  it  is  with 
pain  that  we  notice,  in  other  instances,  edi- 
torials used,  entire  from  the  Journal,  as 
original  matter,  without  credit,  or  mention 
in  any  way  of  the  Journal,  in  their  entire 
publicalioo.  If  the  old  Latin  proverb, 
"Fabius  m  uno,  falsus  in  omnibus,"  be 
true,  all  the  statements  made  in  such  circu- 
lars auil  papers  are  prejudiced  by  such  pi- 
racy, ai  d  such  is  certainly  our  feeling  in  ail 
such  iustauces.  And  it  is  our  observation 
that  from  the  pupils  of  teachers  an-l  princi- 
pals guilty  of  such  piracy  there  couie  few  or 
no  subscribers  to  the  Journal.  Self-pro- 
tection demands  that  they  should  not  reveal 
the  source  of  their  "ihunder"  by  placing 
the  Journal  iu  the  hands  of  their  mis- 
guided patrons.  Before  us  is  a  business 
college  cirrular  which  in  far  from  being 
modest  in  setting  forth  the  numerous  and 
extraordinary  advantages  of  the  institutiim 
by  which  it  is  issued,  whrrein  we  find  the 
following  article,  without  quotation  or 
credit,  hut,  on  the  contrary,  there  is  ap- 
pended, H8  its  author,  the  name  of  the  pen- 
man of  the  college : 


April,  1879. 

From  CoUegt  circular,  jus 

Writing  as  a  Gift. 

Writing  as  a  Gii-t. 

The    ubiUly  to    execute 

The  ability  to    execute 

fine  artistic  penmaiiBbip  is 
regarded  by  maDy  pereona 

regarded  by  iniiiiy  p«nooB 
(U  a  special  gift.    Tliis  tu 

(lundalioD  in  lat<t,  except  it 

and  ^^^Ulout  foundatioa  in 

geot  Qhd  ihoughtlVil  prao- 
loo  Le  regarded  us  a  gift; 

he  HUine  gilt  would  equally 
disliaguiftb  its  possessor  \n 
Rlmgst  any  other  study  or 

faet,  cxoopl  it-  be  that  the 
faculty  of  diligent  aod 
thoughtful  practice  be  re- 
garded aaagift;  if  so.  we 

ing  that  the  same  gift 
wonld  equally  dUtiDguigh 

iDg.    So  &r      after  an  untold  amount  c 

e  not  passed      If  I    spoke  for  myself 

isly  to   any      might  truly  say  that  m; 

ability  la  produce  artisti 


li  has  beeu  the  moat  earnest  desire  and 
eflfort  on  the  part  of  the  editors  of  the 
Journal  to  advance,  to  the  fullest  degree 
possible,  the  interest  and  success  of  penmen 
and  of  business  education,  and  it  has  been 
by  the  most  extraordinary  efiFort  that  the 
Journal  has  won  the  large  measure  of 
confidence  and  esteem  which  has  given  to  it 
such  marked  success;  where  many,  io  spite 
of  earnest  effort,  had  failed. 

And  while  we  return  our  thanks  to  its 
many  appreciative  and  rec'procAtive  friends, 
we  can  only  condemn  and  despise  those  of 
the  profession  who  reciprocate  only  by 
piracy  from  the  columns  of  the  Journal, 
and  the  withholding  of  its  merits  from  tbeir 
ptjpils  and  friends. 


All  Back  Numbers 

of  the  Journal  may  be  had,  excepting  one 
number,  since  and  inclusive  of  January, 
187ti;  only  a  few  copies  of  1878  left. 
Fifty-nine  numbers  in  all  U>  January  1st, 
I88J,  mailed,  without  premiums,  for  $4. 


The  Importance  of  Drill. 

On  another  pace  will  be  tonnd,  from  the 
pen  of  that  vetenin  penman  and  teacher, 
W.  P.  Cooper,  an  article  which  merits  fiom 
teachers  and  pupils  of  writing  the  most 
careful  consideration.  Mr.  Cooper  t4>uche8, 
with  a  master's  hand,  the  key-note  of  suc- 
cessful practice  for  the  actiuisition  of  good 
and  correct  writing.  It  is  the  lack  of  per- 
sistence in  careful  and  thoughtful  dnll  that 
has  produced  such  a  crop  of  outlandish 
scribblers  as  we  see  among  the  young  writers 
of  to-day  They  have  mistahen  thought- 
less, rather  than  thoughtful,  practice  for 
driU.  They  have  heard  that  "practice 
makes  perfect,"  and  they  have  practiced,  all 
unmindful  of  the  fact  that  to  be  tnie, 
"practice"  muHt  be  construed  to  mean  "in- 
telligent and  thoughtful  practice,"  in  which 
every  efi"ort  and  motion  of  the  baud  shall 
be  forcibly  directed  to  the  accomplishment 
of  a  single  and  definite  purpose. 

Thoughtless  sciibbline  is  not  drill,  and 
tends  no  more  to  produce  good  and  correct 
writing  than  does  the  cry  of  the  street  ven- 
der to  develop  good  elociiiion,  or  the  077  of 
**8hine-oui-np"  by  the  street-corner  artist, 
to  discipline  him  for  the  production  of  angelic 
strains  of  music.  Successful  prnctico  or 
d'ill  means,  first,  study  to  know  the  correct 
forms  and'  construction  of  writing ;  second, 
persistent  and  thoughtful  exercise  of  the 
hand  to  reproduce  those  f4>rrr>8  wiih  a  high 
degree  of  facility  and  certniiMy.  IJpim  this 
subject,  we  also  ctunmend  attention  lo  an 
article  in  this  issue  from  Mr.  C.  H.  Pfirce. 


Another  Fraud. 

We  lately  received  the  fellnwin;^'  letter, 
which  explains  itself: 

Murhat.  Iowa,  Dec.  4,  \tiS2. 
D.  T.  .\mks,  Est). 

Dear  Sir:  There  is  s  niau  here  clHimiiig  to 
be  in  your  employ  for  giving  writing-leesons, 
and  also  as  agent  for  the  Penman's  Art 
Journal. 

IncloBed  find  his  receipt  given  hm  the  eame. 
I  hdve  to  tell  yuu  that  he  is  a  (laud,  for  he  liaa 
swindled  me  aud  others  out  of  smaH  sums. 
Will  you  please  inform  me  whether  be  is  your 
agent  or  not  ?     Aud  oblige, 

CiiAiaKs  Edk.n. 

The  following  is  the  form  uf  the  receipt 
inclosed  by  Mr.  Eden  : 


An 


No.  19. 

Itec'd  full  pat/iiienl  /nr  "  l*ervm> 
Journal"  for  IS  months  and  8  lestnna. 

D.  T.  Ames,  Publithtr. 
C.  L.  La  Grange,  Agent. 

It  is  sufficient  for  us  to  say  that  we  never 
before  heard  of  the  name  of  the  said 
"  agent."  He  is  a  fraud— Simon  pure.  And 
as  it  is  probable  thattbe  name  givou  is  ficti- 
tious, we  shall  be  obliged  to  any  one  who 
can  furnish  us  with  his  real  name,  tliat  we 
may  reach  the  genuine  author  of  this  most 
hold  and  miserable  swindle.  We  shall 
spare  no  trouble  to  brand  sucli  villains  when 
made  known.  It  is  qiiito  probable  that  this 
is  the  same  fellow  whom  we  have  previously 
shown  up  under  the  names  of  K.  B.  Crandle 
and  A.  'I'ignore,  Jr. 

When  to  Subscribe. 

Kor  several  reasons  it  is  desirable,  that,  so 
far  as  is  practicable,  subscrijitions  should 
begin  with  the  year,  yet  it  is  entirely  op- 
tional with  the  subscriber  as  to  when  his 
subscription  shall  commence.  Those  who 
may  be  specially  interested  in  the  very  prac- 
tical and  valuable  course  of  lessons  com- 
menced by  Prof.  H.  C.  Spencer  may  have 
their  subscriptions  begin  with  the  May 
number,  in  which  is  the  first  lesson  of  the 

To  those  sending  in  their  subscriptions 
during  this  month  we  will  date  the  same 
January  1st,  thus  giving  them  thirteen 
numbers;  or,  for  $1.50  we  will  mail  the 
Journal  from  May,  1^82,  to  January, 
1883,  with  two  preiuiums. 

Remittances  sliould  be  uiade  by  Post- 
office  Money-order,  or  by  registered  Iett«r. 


The  King  Club 

'.ir  thin  moDth  comes  nenxn  from  "the 
...iioor  town,"  Valparaiso.  Ind.  It  num- 
>fTB  nevtnUj-fire,  aod  is  sent  by  E-  K. 
-aacs,  lea^hfT  of  penmanship  in  the  North- 
rij  lD<liHDa  N'ormal  Srhool  and  Busineas 
n-titiitf.  This  club  makes  au  aggregate 
f  Ihirtten  hundred  and  twentu  Jive  sub- 
[■rihent,  sent  ft-om  the  above-named  ioetitu- 
<>o  within  a  period  of  about  two  years. 
Thf  seeond  largest,  or  Queen  Club,  num- 
.  r«  fifty-one,  and  is  sent  by  Pmf.  Uriah 
I'-Kee,  principal  of  the  Commercial  Inati- 
>ir  at  Oberiin  (Ohio)  College. 
The  third  ia  size  numbers  seventeen,  and 
scDi  hy  C.  J.  OUer,  at  G.  W.  Michael's 
Vriiing  jiiatitute,  Delaware,  Ohio.  From 
resent  indications,  the  King  and  Queen 
■liihs).  next  month,  will  rank  high.  We 
iv..  thin  noticre  that  those  who  have  kingly 
'  iiueeoly  aspirations  may  be  guided  ac- 
.Minely. 

Special   Offer. 
With  the  present  i»8ue  -f  the  Journal 
vcral  thouwiDd  siibsoriplious  will  expire, 
s  -A  special  iud' 


Good  Authority. 

Among  the  popular  and  experienced  in- 
ntFDctore  in  the  South  Prof.  R.  S.  CoUins 
stands  in  the  front  rank,  not  only  as  a  pen- 
man, but  as  an  accountant.  He  has  adopted 
the  Standard  Practical  Penmanship  io  the 
King's  Mountain  High  School,  and  gives 
QO  uncertain  sound  in  expressing  his  opinion 
of  the  merits  of  the  publication : 

King's  Mointaix.  N.  C,  Nov.  i:J,  'i*i. 
Dk.mi  8m: 

The  Portfolio  of  Standard  Praciical  Fen-  , 
ntanehip  came  thiK  A.  M.,  and  I  incloftf  Poet-  I 
office  Order  to  pay  for  the  same. 

To  say  the  least  of  them,  they  are  Bimply  I 
grand.     I  am  delighted  with  them.  [ 

Think  I  will  have  to  order  more  very  »ooa. 
ThaDkinjr  you  for  your  kindneofi,  I  am,  | 


Yoi 


.  Coll 


Bind  and  Preserve  your 
"Journals." 
The  value  of  the  Journal  will  he 
greatly  enhanced  by  having  it  in  a  form 
coDTcnieut  for  reference  and  preservHtion. 
Our  Common  Sense  Binder  will  contain,  in 
a  perfect  book  form,  all  the  Journals  f« 


Books  and  Magazines. 

"The  Universal  Self-Instriictor  and  Man- 
ual of  General  Reference  "  is  a  finely  illus- 
trated work  of  t>72  pages  :  edited  hy  Albert 
Ellery  Berg,  and  just  published  by  Thomas 
Kelly,  17  Barclay  Street.  Xew  York.  This 
work  \i  a  complete  cyclop»'tlia  of  useful  in- 
formation relating  to  education,  commerce, 
law,aociety,ainuseinents,etc.,aud  an  epitome 
of  all  manner  of  business  and  social  fonns. 
It  is  in  itself  a  library — replete  with  tables, 
statistics  and  information,  which  need  to  be 
within  ready  and  convenient  reach  of  every- 
body. It  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  de- 
sirable and  useful  works  we  have  ever  ex- 
amined. See  the  publisher's  annouar^ment 
in  another  column. 

"  The  Penman's  Hand-book."  The  an- 
nouncement of  "  Gaakell's  Penman's  Hand- 
book," a  new  royal  cjuarto  volume,  magni- 
ficently illustrated  with  over  one  hundred 
full-page  plates  of  penmanship,  engraved 
chapter-heads,  tail-pieces,  etc.,  should  be 
read  by  every  penman.  This  would  appear, 
from  the  auDounrement,  to  he  an  extensive 
work,  to  be  ready  on  the  first  day  of  Janu- 
ary, I8d;i.     Those  sendinp  for  it  previous  to 


I  sympusiu 


Authority."  Finally,  there  i 
upon  the  conditions  of  *' S 
Stage,"  hy  John  McCulhiugh,  J<«eph  Jef- 
ferson, Madame  Modjeska,  Lawrence  Bar- 
rett, Maggie  Mitchell,  and  William  Warren. 

Frank  Leslie's    Popular  Monthly.     The 
December  number  brilliautly  closes  the  vol- 


uf  this  favorite  i 


readers  that  now  is  the  time  to 
subscribe.  The  opening  article  is  a  most 
interesting  history  of  "  The  Bank  of  Eng- 
land," by  Richard  B.  Kimball;  there  are 
nine  illust rations,  with  a  picture  of  the 
founder,  William  Paterson.  '*  Hats  Off," 
*'  A  Beauty  of  the  Last  Century,"  "  Meoc* 
and  its  Pilgrims,"  are  a  few  of  the  many 
interesting  articles  in  this  number.  The 
128  pages  quarto  are  crowded  with  good 
things,  literary  and  artistic.  There  are  over 
100  embellishments,  and  a  handsome  colored 
frontispiece,  entitled  "  Little  Sunbeam." 
A  single  number  is  only  12.')  ceuta,  or  $3  a 
year,  postpaid.  Address,  Frank  Leslie, 
publisher,  5:J,  .^5  and  57  Park  Place,  New 
York. 

Notes,  Queries  awl  Answers  is  the   title 
of  an  interesting  monthly,  edited  hy  X.  B. 
Webster,     Norfolk, 
Va.,  and   published 
by  S.  C.  and  L.  M. 
Gould,  Manchester, 
N.  H.,  at  $1.00  per 
of 
leresting 
lu 
changes.     Send    for 
a  specimen-copy,  or 
take    our    word    for 
its  being  worth  the 
money,  and  send  $1 
for  twelve  numbers. 
2he  Book-ke^er, 
published  at  No.  2if 
Warren  Street,  New 
York,      is      always 
filled  with  valuable 
aud  interesting  mat- 
ter   for   accouDtante 
of 
In 


.'ill  be  observed 
the  above  offer 

■  not  apply  to 
>sc  who  renew  or  send  their  subscrijition 
rlub  rates;  to  all  such,  there  will  be  an 
ira  charge  of  2.i  or  50  ccnis  for  the  hook. 
See  other  premium-list  elsewhere. 


Miscarriage  of  Papers. 


Each 


nth 


I'll   us  from  subscribers  who  fail  t 
'  ir  papers.     Must  are  courteous  no 

■  NIC  arc  otherwise.  But  our  readers 
kiii.w  that  in  the  mailing  and 
of  many  thousand  papers  many  mishaps  are 
liable:  some  ntistakea,  no  doubt,  occur. in 
:uMressiug  the  wrappers;  from  some  papers 
iK.-  wrappers  are  torn  or  broken  off  iu  the 
iiMil-bags;  other  papers  are  misplaced,  or 
taken  from  the  MTappora,  at  the  otlice  of 
.i(!lvery  —  all  of  whicli    aggregate   a   con- 

liierable  number  of  every  edition  mailed. 
Suli-icribtrs  cannot  he  more  anxious  than 
u.-  ihe  publishers  that  the  Joijrnal  should 
I'.-  promptly  delivered,  and  on  failure  to  do 
M'    ;i    notice    to    us    will    receive    prompt 


The  "Spencer  Memorial  Library" 
which  has  beeu  established  at  Geueva,  0., 
in  memory  of  Plait  R.  Spencer,  is  receiving 
(aa  it  deserves)  the  warmest  support  and 
mgement  from  the  press  throughout 
ountry.  It  is  certainly  a  fit  memorial 
'{  the  '*  Father  of  Spenoerian," 


four  years,  and  will  constitute  a  volume 
which  will  be  invaluable  to  any  teacher  or 
pupil  of  writing.  We  send  the  binder,  post- 
paid, to  any  address,  for  $1.7,5;  with  the 
Journal,  one  year,  for  $2.50. 

The    New    Standard    and    Script 
Ruler. 

This  new  contribution,  to  the  list  of  neces- 
sary materials  needed  almost  daily  m  the 
educational  and  business  world,  is  lueetiDg 
with  a  very  large  demand.  Id  addition  to  a 
complete  system  of  business  writing,  printed 
upon  the  sides  of  the  ruler,  it  embraces  six 
scales  of  measurement  more  than  the  plain 
rulers  of  corresponding  grade  now  iu  use. 
Sent  by  mail,  from  the  ofBcoof  the  Journal, 
on  receipt  of  30  ceota. 


January  15th  will  have  the  book  for  three  '  account  of  his  i 
dollars:  the  price  will  he  five  dollars.  It  amining  Committee  of  tlie  Institute  of  Ao- 
will  be  wholly  unlike  anything  of  the  kind  ?ountauts  aad  Book-keepers  of  the  City  of 
ever  before  published,  and  will  have,  no  New  York.  In  the  department  of  "Tech- 
doubt,  a  large  sale.  ,  nical  Discussions "  are  Papers  on  "  The 
"Laws  of  Book-keeping"  is  the  title  of  ^  Settling-book,"  "Stock-dividends,"  "Re- 
a  pamphlet  of  fifieeo  pages,  announced  in  I  verse-Posting,"  "Indexing,"  "Real  Estate 
our  advertising  columns  by  David  Vogel,  of  ]  Book-keeping,"  etc.    The  usual  t 


Correspondence. 

In  the  January  issue  the  editor  will  give 
the  first  ot  a  series  of  articles  upon  Corres- 
pondence. These  articles  will  be  prepared 
with  great  c«re,  and  each  will  be  accom- 
panied with  one  or  more  specimens,  photo- 
engraved,  iu  fao-simile  form,  from  original 
pen-and-ink  copy. 


the 


We  m\^te  attention  to  an  advertisement, 
in  another  column,  of  Packard's  New  Com- 
meroial  Arithmetic 


Its  purpose 
brief  series  of  direct  questions  aad 
to  give  iostructioQ  upon  the  leading  features 
of  book-keeping.  The  work  is  highly 
commended  by  those  who  have  used  it. 
Mailed  to  any  address  for  fifty  cents. 

The  North  American  Review  for  Decem- 
ber commands  attention  no  less  by  the  emi- 
nence of  its  contributors  than  by  the  value 
and  timeliness  of  contents-     First,  there  is 
I  a  symposium  on  "The  Health  of  American 
I  Women,"    regarded     from     three    distinct 
I  points  of  view :   Dr.  Dio  Lewis  considers 
.  the  question  of  feminine  attire,  especially 
tight  lacing;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton, 
the   injurious  influences  of  social   environ- 
ment ;  and  Dr.  James  Read  Chadwick,  the 
effects  of  education,  climate  and  food.    Gov. 
Buren  R.  Sherman,  of  Iowa,  writes  of  the 
"Constitutional  Prohibition  "  of  the  liquor 
traffic  in  that   State.     Gen.  Grant  reviews 
the  case  of  Gen.  Fitz  John  Porter.    Richard 
A.   Proctor   writes  of  "  The   Influence   of 
Pood    on    Civilization."     Prof    Fisher,   of 


editorial  notes  and  "Decisions  in  Commer- 
mercial  Law "  make  up  the  number,  and 
cannot  fail  to  furnish  food  for  the  thinking 
class  o(  those  for  whom  the  magazine  is 
intended.  Specimen- copies  to  inteDding 
subscribers  mailed  free. 


Ou 


ary,  the  Pen- 
»nthly  appcur- 
i  always  spicy 


■  enterprising  co 
?tian'«  Gazette,  puts  iu 
ance  prompt  and  early, 
and  interesting.  Its 
fear  are  getting  ahead  of  its  penmanship; 
yet  it  is  well  worth  its  siibscription-prioe, 
and  everybody  ought  to  subacribo. 

Tht  Universal  Penman,  by  Sawyer  Bro^., 
Ottawa,  Can.,  is  well  edited,  and  contains 
much  interesting  matter  relating  to  pen- 
manship and  shorthand  writing.  Send  for 
a  copy. 

We  should  be  pleased  to  pay  our  compH- 
menta  at  some  length  to  all  of  our  ex- 
changes, but  they  are  too  numerous  and  our 
space  too  limited  to  admit  of  doing  so.  We 
hsiye   received   the   following:    BengougKs 


Yale  College,  on  "The  Decline  of  Clerical  ,  Cosmopolitan  Shorthand-Writer,  Toronto, 


Can.;  Ihe  Modem  Stenographic  3f<mthlt/, 
by  G«>.  A.  Thornton,  A.  Jf.,  and  Emery 
P.  CI«M,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  Tlie  Student 
Journal  (Bhortband),  by  A.  J.  Graham,  744 
Browlway,  New  York;  Tfte  SJtorthand- 
WriUr,  by  D.  P.  Lindsley,  252  Broadway, 
New  York;  Brown's  Phonographic  Month- 
hj,  by  D.  L.  Scott— Browne,  Clinton  Place, 
New  .York;  The  Shorthand  Writer,  by 
Rowell  and  Ilirkox,  Boston,  Mass.;  JA, 
Shorthand  News,  by  Brown  and  Holland 
Chicago,  III.;  r/w  School  Bulletin,  by  CW, 
Bardcen,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.;  he  Notre  Dame 
Scholastic,  Notre  Dame,  Ind.;  h  e  Teacher's 
Guide,  by  J.  D.  Holcomb,  Cleveland,  0.; 
Educational  Journal  of  Virginia,  by  \Vm. 
F.  Fox;  Northern  Indiana  School  Journal, 
by  J.  W.  Bell ;  A'ctr  York  School  Journal. 
by  A.  M.  Kellogn;  T/te  liugby  {Academy) 
Monthly,  Wilmington,  Del. ;  Educational 
Review,  I*itt«bur^,  Pa.;  Geyer's  Stationer, 
New  York ;  Business  College  Journal, 
Jacksonville,  III. ;  Academy  Trio,  Easr 
Greenwich.  K.  I.;  Grand  Rapids  {Mich.) 
Commercial  College  Journal ;  Goodman's 
BusincHs  Messenger,  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
UeaWs  College  Journal,  San  Francis>co, 
Cal.;  New  Jersey  Business  College  Journal, 
Newark,  N.  J.;  Capital  City  College  Jour- 
na/,  Trenton,  N.  J.;  The  Oc«dcw(,  Berkeley, 
Cal.;  The  American  Bookseller,  American 
NewB  Co.,  Now  York. 


Itemember  that  if  you  renew,  or  Bend  in 
your  subscription  to  the  Journal,  before 
February  let,  you  will  get  a  75  cent  book 
free,  or  a  $1  book  for  25  cents  extra. 


Hi 

Ipe 


)  teaching  writiog-ulaeeeB  t 


V.  Ricp  in  tenchJng  penmanship  . 
r  (Col.)  BuniiieBB  Collt-g^.  Ht.  is 
writer,  and  a  popular  teacher. 


Tlie  Indianapolit  (Ind.)  Tinus  of  recent  date 
jiaye  a  high  compliment  to  the  B  and  S  Busi- 
wess  College  ofthat  city  as  conducted  by  G.  C. 
Koerncr. 

The  New  England  Card  Co..  Woonsocket, 
li.  I.,  have  a  superior  aseortmeut  of  New  Year 
ctirdfl  and  other  card  stock.  Send  for  auylhing 
you  want  in  that  line. 

Auna  E.  Dill  has,  for  some  time  past,  been 
the  special  teacher  of  writing  in  the  public 
schools  of  Springfield,  Mass.,  where  she  is  do- 
ing good  and  successful  work. 

J.  R.  Guodler,  who  established  a  busiaess 
school  at  I'onliac,  Mich.,  Inst  eeasnn,  is  havinc: 
good  success.  Mr.  Goodier  is  aakillful  writer, 
and  is  well  spoken  of  by  llie  press. 

V.  T.  Harold,  son  of  M.  Harold,  for  many 
years  a  well-known  and  skillful  pen-arliet  in 
Cincinnati,  0.,  has  estahlished  himself  as  a 
1  the  Emery  Arcade  of  that  city. 


\    Busin 


H.  C.  Carver. 


late  graduate  at  Mussel-^ 
3em  City  Business  College,  Quincy,  III., 
hiug  writing  at  the  La  Ciosse  (Wis.) 
B»  College.       He    is    a'  skillful    youug^ 


penman, 

G.  W.  Allison,  who 
Oilhoa,  O.,  incluses,  w 


ininivTnviivmixxxv^xxxcMD 

The  above  cut  repretents  a  Standard  Roman  Alphabet  from  ''Amta'  Hand-book  of  Artistic  Peivtnanship,"  which   iritl  be  readii  to  rnail 

Oft  January  1st.     Price,  by  mail,  in  paper  covert,  75  eentt ;  in  cloth,  jf/.     Given  free  (in  paper)  as 

a  premium  mth  the  "Journal."    In  cloth,  Sd  cents  additional. 


plished  writer  and  teacher,  and  will,  we  trust, 
do  honor  to  his  profession  in  his  new  position. 
P.  R.  Cleary  is  meeting  with  encouraging 
success  in  teaching  writing  at  Vernon,  Mich. 
The  Skaioaisee  County  Journal  makes  an  ex- 
tended notice  of  his  work,  from  which  we  clip 
the  foil 


nng: 


leaching  writing  at 
ft  club  for  the  Jouit- 
XAI.,  A  specimen  of  his  writing  before  and 
aiiioe  euhscribing  for  the  JouhNAL,  which  is 
creditable  alike  to  him  and  bis  "  teacher." 

L.  A»ire  has  charge  of  the  writing  depart- 
ments of  the  Minneapolis  (Minn.)  Academy, 
and  the  Arcltihald  Business  College  of  the 
same  city.  Mr.  Aaire  is  among  thn  most  ao- 
compliBhed  writers  and  teachers  of  the  West. 

J.  S.  Conover  of  Galfsburg,  HI,,  who  was 
monlioned,  lately,  in  the  Jot7HSAL,  is  not  the 
Conover  who,  some  years  since,  pubHuhed  a 
penman's  pnper  at  Coldwater,  Mieh.  We 
make  this  statement  to  curre:t  a  misapprehen- 
«ion  by  some  of  our  correspondents. 

C.  W.  Slocum.  formerly  of  Council  Blufe, 
la.,  has  lately  been  appointed  superintend- 
ent and  teacher  of  writing  in  the  public  schools 
of  ChiUiootbe,  O.     Mr.  81ooum  is  an  acoota- 


A  beautifully  flourished  bird  and  handsomely 
written  letter  comes  from  A.  S.  Dennis,  Iowa 
City  (la.)  Business  College. 

D.  L.  MuBselman  of  the  Gem  City  Bueiness 
College,  Quincy,  HI.,  incloses  several  superior 
specimens  of  practical  writing,  and  exquisitely 

Noteworthy  specimens  of  penmanship  have 
been  received  from  the  following  named  per- 
sons: John  Bachtenkircher,  Parkville,  Bl.; 
W.  F.  Roth,  Manheim,  Pa.;  A.  W.  Dakin, 
Tully,  N.  Y.  Cfiourishing  and  writing) ;  P.  R. 
Swank,  Maucli  Chunk.  Pa.  ("finely  written 
cards) ;  A.  H.  Steadman,  Freeport,  O.  (cards); 
G.  W.  Davis,  Bryant's  Buffalo  (N.  Y.)  Busi- 
ness College  (an  elegantly  written  letter);  A. 
W.  Schell,  Foxbury,  Pa.  (letter  and  cards); 
J.  H.  W.  York,  Nearford,  Ontario  (letter) ;  C. 
H.  Peirce,  Keokuk  (la.)  Mercantile  College 
(letter);  R.  S.  Bousall,  Bryant,  Stratton  and 
[Carpenter's  Business  College,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
(letter);  R.  W.  Cobb,  Cincinnati,  O.  (cards); 
W.  H.  Johnson,  Musselman's  Gem  City  Busi- 
ness College,  Quiiicy,  III.  (letter);  L.  L.  Wil- 
liams of  the  Business  University,  Rochester, 
N.  Y.  (an  elegantly  written  letter) ;  Miss  Anna 
E.  Hill,  Springfield,  Mass.  (letter);  Jacob 
Schwartz,  superintendent  of  penmanship  in 
public  schools,  Zanesville,  O.  (letter);  T.  E. 
Youmans,  Savannah,  Ga.  (cards);  J.  P.  Moore, 
Morgantown,  Ky.  (letter  and  practical  writing); 
C.  E.  Sharey,  Dirigo  Business  College,  Au- 
gusta, Me.  (photo  of  lettering) ;  C.  E.  Rust, 
Brandon,  Vt.  (cards  and  practical  writing). 


Paper  is  made  in  Belgium  which  very 
tilosely  resembles  satin.  Common  paper  is 
covered  with  suitable  size,  and  while  the 
surface  is  moist  asbeBtos  dyed  to  any  desired 
shade  is  »prinkled  over  it.  Any  superfluous 
matter  is  easily  shaken  off  when  the  size  is 
dry.  Fine  effects  are  sometimes  produced 
witii  aniline  oolon. 


Send    Money  for  the  "Journal," 

Persons  desiring  a  single  copy  of  the 
Journal  must  remit  ten  cents.  No  atten- 
tion will  be  given  to  postal-card  requests 
for  same. 


Geological  examination  of  tbe  delta  of 
the  Mississippi  now  shows  that  for  a  dis- 
tance of  about  SOU  miles  there  are  buried 
forests  of  large  trees,  one  over  the  other, 
with  interspaces  of  sand.  Ten  distinct 
forest  growths  of  Ibis  description  have  been 
observed,  which  it  is  believed  must  have 
succeeded  each  other.  Of  these  trees,  known 
as  the  bald  cypress,  soiue  have  been  found 
over  twenty-five  feet  in  diameter,  and  one 
contained  5,700  rings ;  in  some  instances, 
too,  huge  trees  have  grown  over  the  stumps 
of  others  equally  large.  From  these  facts, 
geologists  have  assumed  the  antiquity  of 
each  forest  growth  at  10,000  years,  or  100,- 
000  for  all. — School  Journal. 


Indecipherable  Writing. —  Why  is  it 
that  a  business  man  will  write  a  fair,  legible 
hand  in  the  body  of  his  letter,  and  when  he 
comes  to  sign  his  name  ( the  most  difficult 
and  important  part,  and  the  only  part  to 
which  no  other  clue  can  be  got  to  determine 
it)  he  will  scratch  down  a  ridiculous  scrawl 
that  may  mean  John  Smith,  Peter  Jones  or 
Tommy  Tompkins  ?  Wo  get  dozens  of  just 
such  letters  at  this  office,  and  no  doubt  many 
books  and  papers  go  astray  for  no  other 
reason  than  that  our  clerks  fail  to  decipher 
the  proper  names.  Make  it  a  rule  to  write 
tbe  address,  including  especially  your  own 
name,  as  plain  as  if  it  were  printed,  and 
don't  suppose  that  because  you  are  familiar 
with  the  names,  other  people  a  thousand 
miles  away  must  be. 


The  following  is  the  translation  of  a  letter 
written  by  the  late  Charles  Darwin  in 
answer  to  an  inquiry  from  a  young  student 
at  Jena,  in  whom  the  study  of  Darwin's 
books  bad  raised  religious  doubts  : 

"  Sir — I  am  very  busy,  and  am  an  old  man 
in  .'elicate  health,  and  have  not  time  to  answer 
your  questions  fully,  even  assuming  that  they 
are  capable  of  being  answered  at  all.  Science 
and  Christ  have  nothing  to  do  with  each  other, 
except  in  as  faras  the  habit  of  scientific  investi- 
gation makes  a  man  cautions  about  accepting 
any  proofs.  As  far  as  I  am  concerned,  I  do  not 
believe  that  any  revelation  has  ever  been 
made.  With  repard  to  a  future  life,  every  one 
must  draw  his  own  conclusions  from  vague  and 
contradictory  probabilities.    Wishing  you  well, 

"Down,  June  5, 1679.    Ohajuas  Darwin." 


The  press  of  a  free  country  can  scarcely 
understand  the  following  terrific  denuncia- 
tion which  has  been  hurled  by  the  Bishop 
of  Santander,  Spain,  at  the  press  which 
favors  civil  and  religious  liberty.  Here  is 
the  thunderbolt,  as  copied  from  tbe  Guard- 

May  Almighty  God  curse  those  journals  with 
the  perpetual  malediction  launched  against  the 
devil  and  his  angels !  May  they  perish  with 
Nero,  Julian  thp  apostate  and  Judas  the  traitor ! 
May  the  Lord  judge  them  as  He  judged  Dathan 
and  Abiram  !  May  the  earth  swallow  them  up 
alive  1  Let  them  be  cureed  day  and  night, 
sleeping  and  wakinp,  in  eating,  in  drinking 
and  in  playing,  when  ihey  speak  and  when 
iliey  keep  silence!  May  their  eyes  be  blinded, 
their  ears  deaf,  their  tongue  dumb!  Cursed  be 
every  member  of  their  body  !  Let  them  be 
cursed  from  to-dny  and  forever!  May  their 
sepulchre  be  that  of  dogs  and  asses !  May 
famished  wolves  prey  npon  their  corpses  and 
may  their  eternal  company  be  that  of  the  devil 
and  his  angels. 

The  Guardian  says,  commenting  on  the 
above":  "Archbishop  Manning  in  England 
and  the  Bishop  of  Santander  in  Spain  are 
equally  representatives  of  the  'infallible' 
Church  of  Rome.  What  has  the  former  to 
say  t'^  the  latter  f  "—  N.  T.  Herald. 


Extra  Copies  of  the  "Journal" 
will  be  sent  free  to  teachers  and  others  who 
desire  to  make  an  effort  to  secure  a  club  of 
subscribers. 

Sir  Frederick  Thesiger,  afterward  Lord 
Chelmsford,  being  engaged  in  the  conduct 
of  a  case,  objected  to  the  irregularity  of  a 
learned  sergeant  who  repeatedly  put  leading 
questions  in  examining  his  witnesses.  "  I 
have  a  rieht,"  maintained  the  sergeant, 
doggedly,  "  to  deal  with  my  witnesses  as  I 
please."  "To  that  I  offer  no  objection," 
retorted  Sir  Frederick:  "you  may  deal  as 
you  like,  but  you  sha'u't  lead." — London 
Society. 

John  Bell,  founder  of  the  London  BeWs 
Weekly  Messenger,  which  has  just  changed 
hands,  was,  according  to  Leigh  Hunt  (  once 
its  editor),  the  first  printer  who  confined  the 
letter  "  s  "  to  its  present  shape,  and  rejected 
altogether  the  old  f-like  form. 


Phoabe  Cousins  has  written  a  letter  to 
President  Arthur,  requesting  that  all  poJ^t- 
offices  be  closed  on  Sunday.  If  there  is  any 
other  little  thing  that  Phcebe  would  like, 
she  had  better  mention  it  right  now  while 
the  oountry  is  looking  at  her. 


^f  aUXJi  ^^it^M 


is       l.-'l       AH  r    JOIKN  VL 


,t 


^fll^Wpl^'^ 


:,/      ^  /       / 


/t/r/(//l    r///U/lf/ 


'y 


=1© 


CbMMENTS  OrEK!IB!P«T  MteW  AWg  TiH&P^igj5]Sf, 


.^-■ 


Iw    C     I  n    alCinrt  U  u  rn  ngUie    /     CuttrJra'ncx       r  n  i.  iti  u-1  aei-un  U-S-Theasuht-.'  ■^^     Bkitisu  McnsTEn.TVasLiutitoii.l 


ap    «  uPflcvT    ous    idld 


every  home  In  our  Im^ ." 


"  II  13  3  marvdoiui  proilurf  ion  oTthc  pea 


m 


n  of  li«^uh|«      idmu-ob  cn-Uali    h  id   n-altai                              ^     I  isnb  au  iTu  nwkofart." 

Wi  S^I                "^^                   I  i»  -co    ii4cn  ou     Asa    kiUf  The ar  a  ha.  uios  hapjnt>  gro  pcd (he              1  isonerf  he  noslrrmuritableenbri 

1    301  art          U     It     -U  dbno     oX            piccrofpc  uinnsli  pind  lU'clt.     llH  I      ^tttte  tv&ldiU  DftlrilcllicnallousproSvn  rihcn^ondthciuiflaiiiiaicCciiIaiuial 

111     asl       d    a     ar^    lUo    iiutnl                   ompo      on  is  'wy -anking  anmud  llic  two  f^'ca  button  pap  ra  proda  Uan»  liare  seen."                                 oorlanil    " 

--C^fro5OTK,^(S3tJTOu^,        f^rarkbpSB^^Kmn^-  rf,^^tofeelfeCwo^^j^»Ci  S'^^e  ^^)^le^§(^j^        -iHSiS^gf^firalSr^  / 

lli.tnniipri:>iiiljc3diiLiU(iii  or idulllu              nHsauiaslrrplnrcorpulicncc  oitd  sldU,  ''IilsapaiionDnii  g>viaitUia;^tIauccllicr1se  'Ill.sinicortbcuioatuufcuiuiiBaiuI  re-             "Itiscumpn^bciutivc  luid  skillTDl  aud 

Ittcaitifpcumannhip.-mdsliould  adoru             lij-fiirlhcmoM  iiicrilui-icniscfrort  oTlLc  and |jn>grrM oTour couour U» inuifiror-  miiiludUe  proUuiliouti  c^Qicpaicvo-             cuiurtlTidcB a nuuterplccc  oT pcnnuui 

ouiliouIhimAtvlUcrDcssiidoapopiUnuialuiL'  [vndut-cd  in  llils  couutry,"  JhipaiidapuiarcartfaaliBtimcinlfreaL"        ~v 


m 


TT^ny^^ 


The  above  cut  is  photo-eiigravcd  from  an  engrossed  letter  front  the  Superinitndent  of  Public  Instruction  ti/  New  Jersey,  in  whose  department  the  Centennial  Picture  of 
Progress  was  exhibited  at  the  Centennial  Exhibition.     Copies  of  tlie  above-named  picture  (23xS8)  are  given  free  to  every  subscriber  to  the  "Journal," 

or  S8x40  for  25  cents  additional. 


n  LiwrniDg  lo  Writo 


li  nf  nrneal  Duty  Speoovr 

I  N..IM  by  B.KKelley 


Programme  "B,"  liy  C. 


le  "  Standard  Pnotioal ". .  9  . 
e  not  SulBcIent  tor  Suoocm  U  . 
B  Writing 11   , 


Illegal  College  CurrcDoy. . . 
Iiitiniuto  lUlalious  of  Writh 
InillviduaUty  in  Writing., 


Mnn  in  rmol'l  Wrii'g,  Mo.  17,  by  I 


l.byB.CSpevGcr  S 


PoUHcal  and 

Llt«BTy  RMDini»c«oof«  of  P.  R. 

Popping  the 

IITuI  Pt'nmiiMbip 

CJuMlion .. 

p™,,:,w 

iiing-I^M.m.  by  H  C  Spenoer. , 

Pen  Paralye 

eltlntt  i>f  Itmlmcllun 

Pn-wrve  V« 

ir  JOUlLNAlJt 

Slgantun  of  th«  CriNW 
Rpuuoeniin  Sorijit  Itiil 


Some  New  Owigruiitiy  . 
Stray  TbuuKbtn  oi.  the  £ 

School  Siules 

Sbattored  nomaone  tPo< 


«eptici 


Send  Money  for- Sp«cimoD>  ... 

Speooor  MemoriHl  Library 

Sending  Specimen*  

Send  91  Bill! 

Signing  ir.  8.  Gold  Certiacale. 


If  Joues  uudcrlakea  to  pull  my  ears," 
a  loud  epokeu  youug  iniii],  "he'll  just 
his  bauds  full."  Those  who  heard 
looked  at  his  ears  and  smiled. 


The  Packard  Commercial  Arithmetic. 

Bv  S.  S.  PACKARD,  of  Packard'.s  Business  College, 

AND  BYBON  HOETON,  A.M. 

IN   'J'WO   SEPARATE   EDITIONS. 

1.  Complete,  320  pp.,  large  octavo.  2.  School,  275  pp.,  diiodeoimu. 


Coniplel 


»,dy  « 


pWly  ( 


The  School  cdiiion  compriHei  thetniiin  ponioo  of  the  larger  work,  omitlinff  only  the  iiiuro  diOlcalt  and  obsh 
imples.  and  ceilain  «iibjectii  not  appUoable  lo  liletary  eohoola.     It  la  a  uioat  charming  book. 

Betail  Prim:  Coinplele  Edition,  $1.50;   School  Edition,  $1. 
Priu»  to  Schools :   Complete  Edition,  $1 ;   School  Edition,  75  cents. 

S.  S.  PACKARD,  Publisher,  805  Broadway,  New  York. 

WH.iT  A  FEW  PEOPLE  SAY: 


are  delighted  n 


Jer»ey  City.  N.  J.— "The  Packard  Arithmetic  was  adopt- 
ed here  only  after  the    mogt   oriticul  exaniioBtioa   and 

hiud,  and  a  more  perfect  uvquHintauiw  with  tt  enablea  me 
to  expreaa  my  entire  aaliarBClluu.      It  ia  about  as  Kood  a 
book,  lake  it  altogether,  as  we  can  Lope  for  in  this  im- 
perfect world— ()•  thorough,  precue  nod  pmotioal  na  a 

Jenoy  C 

Brouin,  Principal  Drorvo'* 
ty.  N.  J.— .'My  teacher  o 

Mllegea.    IihaUuaeit." 

Du«ineM  College, 
mathematics  pro- 
etio  yet  publhbed, 
te  ooDtente,  I  MIy 

C'S 

KKfcr,   Prin 
N.J.-"  The 

a.pr,; 

BuninCBs    College, 
ery  respeot  the  best 

A.J. 

Warner,  Prin 
v-..Brya 

t    ie,    Stmtto 

uRiDe«s  College,  El- 
'»  Counling-Honse 

The  Sprite  In  ib»  Ink  ( A  Skelohl 

Tlio  Art  ol  Leltar-WrillDg 

The  Hill  PriM» 

The  Hou»e  uf  ItothKihlld , 

The  Ink-bag  of  the  Cultle-flrt 

The  High  Sohool 

ToRoadenorthe  JoL'rKaL 

The  Miwion  of  a  Ncwmpaper  Wnpper  (Story)  1 
The  Lltenry  V»lu0  of  Penmaiuiilp ] 

The  Art  and  Science  of  Writing i 

Tbe  OastmcB  S«b(wl ] 


tubjeois,  pJac«  tt  beyoc  ' 
■    ■■  vontually 


E.  SouU.    Prineipal  Brjant  A 
College.  PhUadolphla.— lEsperieow 

D.  Jt.  LiUibridge.  Principal  Brj-ai 
new  College,  Davenport,  Iowa.— "1 

I  once  another  huodrwl  eupiea." 


•applanl 


itiillluilon  for  over  tweutyyeora,  and  no 
I  It  li  I  am  Bcqaaiuted  treat e  the  subject  so 
:<nd  practically.  You haTc  dug  deep,  and 
.tills  the  test.    Rec«otIy  I  received  a  oopy^  of 

I'lutlt^tl  lo  udopt  It.    It  is  just  Uie  iTork  for  our  class  of 
7.  it.  Brown,  Principal  Jacksonville  Buiinese  College, 


Unol  eiuITed  with  arbitrary  rulea.  and  the  pupU  is  i 
lowed  a  cliance  to  tbink  for  himself-  Oiu-  pupils  like  i 
ud  the  r«alU  luv  tat\tfw*niy." 


Selected. 

Writ?  pUiiily  on  all  poatal-carHs.  The 
time  ufa  postinigtreM  is  valualilo. 

A  pHpTTUfl  cuntAioiDg  the  Ilisd  hue  bwo 
ilmnovered  in  an  Alheoiso  inoDHdiery.  It  i^ 
>jti(i  to  havf?  been  writleu  three  ceDturien 
l.pforc  our  era. — School  Journal. 

The  pottinaeter  nf  Batharf>t,  N.  B.,  has 
the  fuIIowiDg  notice  pocted  up  in  liie  office : 
"All  peisoDS  having  do  busint'tts  in  thiit 
otfitre  willf  lease  tranpact  it  as  soon  aa  pos- 
sible and  Ifavo." — Hartford  Courant. 

The  pen  engraves  for  every  art,  and  in- 
ilitc'd  for  every  press.  It  is  the  preservative 
■  'f  language,  the  business  man's  security, 
ilie  pour  boy's  patron,  and  the  ready  ser- 
vant of  the  world  of  mind. 

An  exchange  says  that  the  six  young  j 
ladies  who  have  been  encamping  in  North  ' 
(Carolina  with<.ut  male  eseorl  were  armed  | 
"  meuB  conscia  recti,"  and  other  suitable  I 
wea|  ons.  Somebody  wants  to  know  if  the  j 
"  coDScia  recti "  are  needle -guiLo. 

A  great  many  things  are  accepted  by  us, 
,i,H  ft  matter  of  courae,  in  this  country.  An 
Austin  notary  was  called  to  take  the  acknow- 
IpJgment  of  a  witness  to  a  deed.  He  wrote 
oiit:  "To  me,  well  known,  personally  ap- 
peared  by  the  way,  what  is  your  name, 

anyhow  f '' — Texas  Si/tings. 

Conditionally. — "  You  write  a  beauti- 
ful hand.  I  wish  that  I  had  such  a  hand," 
said  Mr.  Flasher  to  a  lady-clerk  at  the 
hotel. 

"Am  I  to  consider  this  as  a  proposalt" 
asked  the  bright  lady. 

"Well — er — yes — if  my  wife  is  willing 
to  let  me  oil',"  replied  the  accoinpUshed 
Flasher. 


75  HAPPY  NEW  YEAR  CARDS     ' 

WORTH     ;5    CENTS    Ol-     AW    PERSONS     MONEY, 

niKIXG  THE  MONTH  OF  UKCEMHKI!, 

FREFi    to  all   who  semi   50  cents    for  one  year's   subscription 
to  the   Pkn.man's  Ga/kiii. 

50  Elegant  Oscar  Wild  Bevels  are  still  Offered  aa  Premium. 

(i.  \V.  Ware,  .,f  Sfvi.y,  Texas,  says  he  sold  part  ..f  ili,-  Jim  OilJ-odge  Cards  lip 
received  as  preniimn  for  50  oenls.     So  he  has  the  paper  and  Km  Gilt-edtje  Cards  free.' 

ADDRESS. 

JPEISTlMAIsT'S    GAZETTE, 

WOONSOCKET,   R.  I. 


$1,000  to  $10,000  Life  Insurance  Benefit  in  case  of  Death. 
$10  to  $25  Weekly  Indemnity  in  case  of  Accident. 

Under  ONE  MEMBERSHIP 
UPON    THE     MUTUAL    BENEFIT    PLAN. 


BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS. 

Hon.  EDWilBD  D.  LOVEKIDGE.  Prea'l  of  Bank  of  Cuba,  N.  V. 

E. C.  HazaHI),  firm  of  E.  C.  Hazard  4  Co.,Wholi!Bale  Grocers.  New  T.nk. 

Geo.  W.  Lewis,  Esq..  Bridgeport,  Conn. 

E.  H.  PoiTER,  E8(j.,  lirm  of  Dodge.  Potter  &   Co.,  Bankers, 

New  York. 
Lemuel  H.  Wilson,  Treas.  N.  Y.  &  Atlantic  R.  R. 


Co.,  New  York. 
Lewis  A.  Osborn.  New  York. 
E.  D.  Wheeler  M.D.,  New  York. 


^4  ^-foe-'" 


\j 


ISiFEiefMiEWiS) 


4-W.  "  H?  W.  k'idbk,  Utica,  N.  ' 

P.  O.  Box  aiO.">.  New  York  Cit 

SCRIPT  RULERST 


OFFICERS. 
Geo.  W,  Lewi>;,  Prenidcnt. 
Lewis  A-OSBOKN,  r.-/*,  .1-   Gnil  Matiayer. 
Lemukl  H.  Wilson,  Treasurer. 
G.  T.  POTTKB,  Secretary. 
Examining  Finance    Committee. 
Edward  D.  Lovkiudge,  E.  H.  PorrKR,  Esq. 
Medical  Director  :    E.  D.  Wuhklkr. 

&   MoKSK,  1-20  Bioii.hvuy.  Nvw  York. 

ALL  BENEFITS  PAID  IMMEDIATELY 

upon  Satisfactory  Proof  of  Claim, 
WITHOUT  ANY  DEDUCTION    FOR    EXPENSES. 
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ttpplivd  (tilh  a  oomroOD  bnuh  to  any  (urfaoo.     Pui  up  lu 
ttn  cani  ofTarious  siKei,  with  fttll  dirfntioni  lor  iu«. 


«lv«.  JO  CI 
TLey  u 


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valuable  oonne  of  lix  Immdr  iu  Ofr-haad 
\y  uinil.  for  ^.    Send  35  cents  for  I.«uon 


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mul  1  will  aokiioiTl«d«e,  (hroiif(b  do  ualumDi  of  thi 
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manfihip  bver  pubhshed      beat,  post  i  aid,  to   luy  address 

I     emiom  for  a  club  of  12  BabBcnbere  to  the  Jodrnal 

The  above  out  repreMnts  the  title-page  of  the  work,  which 


Mr    ..,,  ],iid  Stirgeuni 
.  '  ,u  t,f  New  York 
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i    .  Imology        . 

Hobokeo.  N.  j! 

hTOl'"*."'.     '.'.'.'.. 

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and  Hospital  Medical  ColIe)i:e  - 
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MA  YHE  W'S 
UNIVERSITY   BOOK-KEEPING 

Manual  of    Business   Practice, 


IRA  MAYHEW,  LL,D., 

Detroit,  Micti 


FIFTH    EDITION.  FIFTH    EDITION. 

REVISED  AND  IMPROVED. 

SADLER'S 

COUNTING-HOUSE  ARITHMETIC. 

A  New  and  Improved  Work  on  Business  Calculations, 

Specially  Prepared  as  a  Practical  Text-boolc  for  Business  Colleges, 

Higli  Schools,  Academies  and  Universities. 


mm^/^M/ 


When  fipitl  published,  it  al  oi 
leading  businest)  educators  io  lliia  ci 
BuBineBs  CoD^-gee  and  Private  Schooh 

Since  that  time  It  has  be«n  ablp 
secure  othera,  in  such  numbers  tliat  t' 
demand. 

THE  FIFTH  EDITIOJSI, 

Jnat  published  (513  rojal  octavo  pages),  has  been  revieed,  and  improved  by  the  addition  ot 
many  new  and  valuable  plates,  together  with  the  correction  of  all  typograpbical  errors  incideul 


received   the  strougest   indorsement  ol    many   of  the 
:ry,  and  wa«  adopted  by  over  one  hxindrtd  prominent 
the  United  States  and  the  Canadas. 
f  only  to  retain  EVERY  ONTI  of  its  patrons,  but  also  to 
large  editions   have  been  consumed  in  supplyinpf  the 


publication  of  i 
In  addition  to  the 
IS  it  is  aUv  publish 


books, 
public 


i  complete  edition,  for  the 


Coroprises  192  royal  octavo 
to  the  subject  of  Percentagi 
brace  many  novel  features. 


PART    FIRST 

pages,  beginning  with  the  introduction  of  Arithmetic;and  extending 
B.     The  methooB  are  adapted  to  daily  use,  very  practical,  and  em- 

PART    SECOND 

Begins  with  the  subject  of  Percentage,  and  embraces  a  thorough,  exhaustive,  and  pre-eminently 
practical  treatment  of  the  various  arithmetical  topics,  in  a  systematic  and  natural  order. 

This  portion  of  the  work  (358  royal  octavo  pages)  was  first  published  in  September,  1880. 

edition  became  as  impeta- 
f  published,  presents  such 
re  thorough,  complete  and 


a  quick  and  complete,  and  the  demand  for  „  .. 
live  an  Haltering.  It  is  honestly  believed  that  this  Arithmetic,  as 
features  of  improvement  and  progress  as  justify  the  claim  that  it  is 
practical  than  aoy  similar  work  now  before  the  public. 

*    '    '  ''  '     t-book  for  Business  Colleges  and  Schools,  attention  is  invited  to  a 

I  patront  only,  who  have  tested  the 


fev?  of  the 


(vork  iu  thei 


ny  testimonials  which  havi 
respeclivi 

WHAT  OUR  PATRONS  SAY: 


,r 

<(.  a.  C.  Spenofl 

.  WatbingtOD.— "  Unqiiesl 

i 

li'ooU  aod  tlie^ooul 
oft.  Sponcer.  Pello 
lieerfully  aod  with 

MUwanXse.— "A  m^tio 
ting-room." 

u  and  Looniis,  ClevelHud. 
emphacU  (bat  it  ii  the  beti 

OD.    Admirably  adajited 

£"^Smt{iMSi 

ereey  City.—"  I  o 

o...d.. 

■dlj 

r  Wm.  M.  Cmpenter.  St.  Loula.— " 

..™r 

r^ 

e  kind.     II  siippl 

:/7' S'tSii"" 

1'™"" 

.  J.  Hydw.  Trenton.— "  Jt  U  I 


known  by  j 


M.  Devlin, 

J«okion.-"I,Uaworkof,aperior 

Pmr  °     " 

B,  Worwa 

er.  San  Jo.e,  Ci.l— "HavB  never 

t"^!:' 

Prof.  C.  Bb 

■e  the  publi 

Profs.  Marti 

B.  Stowel 

— "Mogt  attmotive  in  ityle,  and 
ety  of  problems." 

best  and  moat 

lUer.  Tetre  Hant«.— "  II  ba«  oar 

Uoreeaieni 

A.  Gray.— 

•It  U  giving  perfect  eatUfeotion  to 

Pn.f.  H.  C 

C.  Coplira 

n.   Piltsburgb— "The  bert,  mort 

yoStifhmlb 

W.  Hart. 

Brooklj-n.— "11  U  the  belt,   and 

wil  w«  lia\ 

ever  used  in  a  long  experiuuco." 

tftinw''a*8i« 

L.  Spmgu 

,   Kingston,  Pa,— "ll  applies  the 

Prof.  S.  Boffurdiis.  Sjiringfleld 
give  yoDT  work  my  hearty  approi 


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Pens  since  I'Sl'iO.  More  recently  it  has  also  been  used  by  us  as  a  special  trade  mart  for  all  our 
penmanship  publications  and  stationers'  specialtiei 


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Are  used  by  all  the  best  penmen  in  the  country.     They  combine  a  degree  of  elaslicity  a 
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Samples  of  the  FINE-PoiNT  pens  sent  on  receipt  of  3-cent  stamp. 

SPENCERIAN  WRITING-INKS. 


nd   fully  believe  that  their 


and  personal  attention  to  their  prepari 
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'in  practical  writin.-,  the  key  to  all  combi- 

iting  required  in  book-keening,  husiueas 

;r,  makes  it  invaluable  to  college-students, 


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d  one  dozen,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  $1. 
L  Less  than  One  Dozicn. 

Ivison,  Blakeman,  Taylor    &    Co., 

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s  of  teachers,  we  will  : 
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Skeels,  AUen-s  Grov 

■""-"""" 

orthy 

K>ni  and  Carhort,  Alba 
ighly  pleased  with  it 

,.-"AH.r.,h. 

rough 

inWHoThuS^m^" 

g  College,  Dm.- 

-"By 

^^E^  CIlulon,_M 

X^l" " ' 

coess. 

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tllmenc."~"* 

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bushed.    1 

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ista 

ndopIloD  0 

tp'^UbT 

S. 

Hartford,  Ct.- 

-•■I 

•i;.°'S  ^ 

IMgraphyis  0 

™ 

^iT"' 

Supl.  Schools 

0 

Twining,  Union  City,  Pa 

- 

Warteld,  » 

d.  AgricQl.  Co 

'«g 

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tion, will  be  mailed  c 


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igod  efpeoiBlIy  for  Olau 
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Thi 


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nnUt.  dru/U.  cliukt,  Ijittt  tif  tad- 
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SIX  EDITIONS   HAVE  BEEN   SOLD. 
AN    IMPORTANT   CONSIDERATION 

■U„clatiand  mmMo-notx     Ii  i,  nearly  primed  and  l,.Dd«.mel,  bound. 
SPECIAL   RATES   FOR   INTRODUCTION. 

C.   E.  CARHART, 

Prinoipal  of  the  Albany  BuiineM  College, 
ALBANY,  N.  V 


^rJntUourOmB. 


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S'S 


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and  to  kJI  popular  pabLicatioos  upoo  practical  a 


Devoted  to  all  matters  of  special  interest 
to  Accountants.  Bankers.  Merchants. 
Manufacturers,  Counting-i 
Atuchcs.  Instnictofh  of  Ac- 
counts, and  all  persons 
having  to  do  with 
the  Keeping  of 

of  account. 
Ancient  and   modern  systems  of  Book- 
keeping reviewed  and  exemplified. 
Practical  problems  and  questic 
sed  and  elucidated. 
n.  $2.00  per  annum.      Single 
copies,  8  cents. 
1  copies  sent  free  to  prospective 
subscribers. 
An  Agent  wanted  in  every  city  in  the 
United   States  and  Canada.     Full  com- 
pensation guaranteed. 

The  Book-keeper. 
29  Warren  Street,  New  York. 
Post-office  Address,         P.  O.  Box  2126. 


subscript 
Specin 


:.    N.    CRANDLE, 

•  PENMAN    AND    TEACHER, 

BUSHNELL.  ILL. 
loarM  b  Pnimaaabip,  10  weeks,  |10;  IS 
1  FlouriRbtn^,  by  mail, 


Id  Cunl-wrilinjr,  Pon-dmiviiig,  Lettetiag 

<:..  fl5,  Cninpendtum,  Ite»li  from  thdpen, 
..(  liffhif  iliiTorent  dtaifiii,  ftwth  ftoin  the 

ii  of  Flmirlibiiiff,  AM  of  Jlullao  Capi- 

inntinii*.   50  c#ntll ;    3  doKD  cos^e   (plain 

liiti  all  kinda  of  Wiittng-msterinl  ohwp. 


THE  NEW 

UKYAST  &   STUATTON'S 

COMMON  SCHOOL  B00K-KEEl*IN6. 

BilHI'ii'linnitUviduiil  un(lclft99  instvucUon  In 

II  11  llityAUT.  Prlceby  mull,  81.00.  Liberal 
li'iin-<  for  lli-st  Inti'otlML-lioiK 

y«ira )»« enjoyed u Ki'< -,...-.u  i\,.\:,\uT 

of  pnicil^iiiU'diicatovs  n  "-  ■  iniinr 

^phicul  dre»a  UK  1   ^ .'i      ■■  '    »u 

THE  KEW 

BRYAKf  4  STUATTON'S 

COUNTING-HOUSE    IIOOK-KEEPING, 

tmhnicliiK  tlicTlieoo'ttntl  Pmt-Uceof  AccoimW; 
N  ^  .r   of   Clilwigo. 

ijriiu  bottle  19  a  fcrt'At  Improvement  upon  the 
old  Hlltluii  lit  lUmast  all  roapecu.  and  will  bo 
:oimiI  to  do  tbo  i-e<iiiii-ed  work  In  biiBinusa  (»1. 
LVge)  und  IiIkIi  ccliools  boticr  tlmo  any  otiier 

IViaUN,    ULAKEMAN,    TAYLOIt  ,t   CU  . 
753  aail  765  Brondway,  New  York. 

FANCY    CARDS! 

TWELVE  DESIGNS,  ALL  DIFFERENT. 
TBB  BEST  m  TBB  MARKET. 

1  i«ck  of  i!S  ouda  a«Bt  po<n-pftid 80  oU. 

aoOport-pAld |SJ0 

1000,  by  Espna^       IJO 

Haad  tat  Clniul&r.    S«npl«  SENT  FREE. 

D.  T.  AUE8,  908  Browlwtr,  N«w  York. 


TO  MY  FRIENDS  AND  THE  PUBLIC: 

The  uiidereigued,  wlio  has  for  years  iollowed  tin-   profeaeion  of  card-writing,  and  who»e 
name  is  familiur  in  all  parte  of  the  country,  esteeuiB  it  a  pleasure  t( 
know  uf  the  fintt  iiiatance  wherein  hie  work  has  failed  to  give  perfe 


.  1.  Plain  cards,  beat  qualiw 

2.  Plain  cards,  wedding  Bristol 

3.  Gilt-edge,  etc..  assorted  elylea  of  corners 

4.  Tinted  Bristol,  thoice  colors 

5.  Peach  Bristol,  very  delicate  liiit   . 

f>.  Bevel-edge,  very  tinest   and  most   popula 


"     7.     "  Elite,"  very  fashionable  and  the  latest  production    .         .         .         4r)  85 

"     a.     Pen-flourished,  all  different;  and  being  models  of  fine  nourishing 

are  highly  prized  by  students 75 

PAPITAl  ^    txecuUd  with  a  pen.     Conceded  hy  all  to  be  the  bandsoTnesl  ever  sent  out  by  ani/ 
'  penman,  price  25c.;  2  mU  (different).  40c.     FLOUItlSHINO  (perfect 


Brilliant  Black  Ink  Recipe,  ^oc; . 


r  ihu  finest  ink,  $1.30,  by  express. 


p.  0.  BOX  2105,  NEW  YORK   CITY. 


WELLS    W.  SWIFT, 

HarioBville.   Onondaga   County,    New   ¥ork. 

Publisher  of  SwuT'e  Uaku-uooks  OV  Ink   REcirEft. 
"CollectioD  No.  1  '■  (50  Reclp«)  Conteota:  Black, 


Mailed  for aSceuU. 
"Collection  No.  2 

Blue,  4  kindi ;  Red, 
kinds;  WhIle.Sklni 
23  kinds;  QloMy  |i 
«iid  JapN)  Inks,  Ink 


;,  Wliite,  I 


!  kioda; 
r.  Indelible.  2 


.  Oold,  SilTi 

iiirking  pockagea,  Duplia 


DISPIAV   CUTS   FOR   ADVEBTISING. 


i  (br  both  JOUA-tAi.  a 
price  for  aov  latiiitia 
Clnl>U,t  Ire^ 


SITUATIONS. 

e  DunM  of  Berer&l  n  ell  .qualified  teaohi 
PEMKAll'B  AST  JOURSU., 

205  Broadway,  I|«w  Tcfk. 


BNGRAVINO. 

TKegUALEO.     Thoce  iruhioff  work  in 

«  Currency,  TeatinuDiiil*.  Ceniflcatex. 
•took.     Specimon  of  each  (eat  for  25 

a05  Broadway,  Maw  York. 


WISITING   CAF 


:  Plain  Spenoen&n,  : 
HooriahM,  tl.     Satnpta,  :U  eta.    B.  F.  EbiIlkt, 


PENaiEN'Sand  ARTISTS'  SUPPLIES, 

On  rt-iCflpt  of  the  prictw  uiinoxed.  we  wlU  for- 
ward by  return  of  mail,  or  by  expross  as  stat«4, 
uty  aruclu  named  In  the  follow  Uig  11  »'l. 

Ay  ordering  from  us,  patrona  can  rt-ly  not  only 
upon  recelvingasuperlor  article, bat  iqiODdoliw 
BO  promptly. 
Amw'  CompiMidlum  ot  Om'l  Penmanship,  t*  M 

Ames'  Book  of  lUphabets I  M 

Bryant's  Book-keeplns,  OountingHona*  Kd    S  n 
Ames'  Copy  sups,  lorlnstmctlon  and  prAo- 

tlve  In  writing,  per  sheet,  containing 40 

cierclses M 

SO  she<it8,  (.V)  hill  sots  of  oopieff) •  00 

100       •'      (100  full  sets  of  cople*)..'. »  00 

Bristol  Bourd,  3-sheet  thick,  sSsSd  In.,  pr  sbt      00 

22x:i8,por8hect.by«xpreBB..       SO 

FKMlch  B.  B.,S4xS4,        ••  ••  ..        70 

•«      26x40,       "  "  ..    1  » 

Black  Card  Board.  32x28,  for  white  Ink 50 

BlackCiu-ds  per  100 » 

Black  Cards  per  thousand,  by  express S  00 

What's  dr'lne-puper.  hot-press,  I.'ixSo.i  IS  f  X  SO 

17x22.  M  too 

»                    '*                     "              19x«.  SO  0  90 

"                   "                    II             21S.W,  25  0  « 

Blank  Bristol  Board  Oords,  per  100  ..' 10 

'^      1000 000 

••                   "                          "        1000,  by  SK.  1  » 

Wlnsor  ft  Newton's  snpr  snp.  Ind.  Ink,  stick  i  00 
Omamenlat  Carda,  12  deaigttv,  par  pack  of  25  oania, 

by  mail '. 30 

5«i"J^.''. -V.v."  .'.v.'.v.v.'."".v.';i.';  9 » 

1000    "    400 

1000    "    by  espr«w 4  00 

I*repar«id  Indian  Ink,  per  bottle.  tay«zpre« OS 

Olllott'i  303  Steel  Pent,  per  ktom I  OB 

"  "  "  Irtou  box 00 

EDftToaiinK  Pens  for  letterinif,  per  doi 95 

Crow.quiU  Pen,  very  fine,  for  ilmwiog,  doa. TS 

WilUonM't  and  Packard'!  Gem» 5  00 

CoDifdon'a  Normal  Sy«leni  of  Ploiir^ahing 90 

"  "  "  Lettering. 80 

Theie  are  goixl  irorka  for  the  money. 

Roll  Blaokbt^rd*,  by  expre«. 
No.  l«iM,  2X3   feet ITS 

Stone  Clotb,  one  yard  wide,  any  length  per  yud, 

stated  on  one  side 1  S3 

46  inohea  wide,  per  yard.  Rlat«d  bolb  aides 3  35 

LiqiUd  Stating,  the  beat  in  uBe,  for  walla  or  wooden 

idp'  No  goods  aent  by  mail  until  cMh  haa  been  r«' 

orders,  for  uierohandise  or  work,  ui«jn  uoatal-CAfda  will 
205 ' 


INVENTION! 

Universal  Shorthand — Sawyemgraphy. 


♦  July. 


Ottawa,  Ouimda. 


PARKERS 

FANCY    COLORED 


AsterUd  expressl;/  for  thr  msc  of  Pfnin^n 

Card-writers  anil  Amaleurt. 

BiRck,  Brown,  YeUow.  Green  (dark),  Grt 

(lleht).  Crimson,  Opftiige.  Violet.  Purple. 


Put  up  In  one  ounce   a. 
glitM  (except  gold,  i  QUI 


;  one-hair, 
li'rri"  ilZ 


THE  PARKER  M'F'G  CO.. 

lU-li  735  BROADVAY,  N.  Y. 


Ill   Practical  Questlonji,  with  Answer*,  pertalolng  t« 
13-01     AddftM  Ptirix't  Butiwi  VolUgt,  KM>kt4,  lows* 


•X^^ 


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