fcm^issssmimvs
H
FS\ / V
PERSIAN FOR TRAVELLERS.
By ALEXANDER FINN, F.R.G.S., F.R.A.S.,
H.J1. CONSUL AT RESHT,
$art h \
RTJIDIIMENTS OW GRAMMAR.
ENGLISH-PERSIAN VOCABULARY,
LONDON:
TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL.
1884. ^2*~$ *!'
\_All rights reserved.'] ( •
TO
MADAME SCHOFER,
IN REMEMBRANCE OF CONVERSATIONS HELD AT TAJREESH, ON THE
SUBJECT OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK IS
RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT
SERVANT,
THE COMPILER.
PREFACE.
This is a work of no pretensions. It is essentially a work for begin-
ners. To those who wish for a complete grammar I can recommend
no better than that by Mirza Ibrahim (Allen, 1841). Richardson's
Dictionary still holds its own as the best extant. There are even
words in this which would not find their way into a learned lexicon,
but are nevertheless useful, not to say necessary, to those holding
intercourse with the natives {i.e. slang). No learned attempt has
here been made to phoneticize the words or always to represent the
same Persian by the same English letters; each word has been
written down as seems to be necessary for any Englishman to be able
VI PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
to pronounce it intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight and without
hesitation.
Englishmen, on seeing a word for the first time, usually strain their
mouths and their voices in order to give the words what they imagine
to be a proper accent and sound, especially when dealing with the
vowels. I entreat those who may use this book to treat the words as
though they were English. I have done my best to produce the
proper effect by the usual methods. Where an a has to be pronounced
long, or broadly, I have marked it with the sign we used at school in
dealing with Latin, and have avoided French accents and Hunterian
marks, the use of which, except by the initiated, only end in producing
results as curious as unnecessary.
PREFACE. Vit
The letter g, whenever it appears, should be pronounced hard, as in
give and get.
As a rule h when met with must be aspirated (unless after c. g, k, s,
t, z, when of course that combination has its proper sound), as in belt-
ter (better). When at the end of a word h has to be aspirated it has
been written double as in vazehJi (evident).
Here I beg to express my thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshee,
of the British Legation, for the valuable assistance he has rendered me
in writing in the Persian words of this Vocabulary.
ALEXANDER FINK
INTRODUCTION,
Pebsian Grammar is simplicity itself. There is only one declension and
two conjugations.
Substantives have the nominative and aocusative, the latter formed
by adding ra to the former : the other cases, with the exception of the
genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual particles, as be (to) to the
dative, az (from) to the ablative, &c. The genitive alone is peculiar,
and is formed either by the particle az, or, as in other Oriental languages*
by the termination of the previous word in i ; for example,
J^d. t. . Utah.
The cover of (sign of genitive) the book.
Sag* », shuma.
The dog of (sign of genitive) you, i.e. your dog.
X PERSIAN GRAMMAR.
A'i sag i shumd amad jild i kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.
A'i Oh! (vocative) sag dog (nominative) i of [sign of genitive) shumd
you amad came jild cover i of (sign of genitive) kitdb the book-ra (sign
of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) beiroon
outside burd took.
ADJECTIVES
are declined in the same way as substantives. There are three degrees
of comparison. For comparative add ter to the positive, and for the super-
lative add tereen ; for example,
bad badter badtereen
bad worse worst
VEEBS.
JuRaJ
sefeed
white
sefeedter
whiter
sefeedter een
whitest, &c.
To this there is one exception,
Ichoob
h elder
behtereen
good
hetter
worse
PRONOUNS are treated
as suhstan
lives.
XI
VERBS.
For ordinary use only three tenses are necessary, the present, past and
future, besides the imperative. Colloquially the present is almost invari-
ably used instead of the future.
x ii PEESIAK GEAMMAB.
There are two conjugations, the one ending in tan and the other in dans
as a rule the latter is perfectly regular. The perfect tense is formed
directly from the root of the infinitive, in both conjugations, ex. grat.,
dddan ' to give,' dad being the root. For the first person singular add an to
the root; for the second person add ee; the third person is the same as the
root. In the plural add eem to the root for the first person, eed for the
second, and and for the third, thus :—
^.ita Dddan. — Infinitive.
Singular. Plural*
1. pata dadam, 1. ^ata dadeem
2. \jo^ dadee 2. Jjota dadeed
3. <>b dad 3. ^b dadand
Veebs.
xm
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., jTbe koon
2nd pers. plur., JuiJo be kooned
^f Kardan.-*" To do."
Past Participle.
Singular 1 .
1. *^« mi kiinam
2. jj^c mi kiini
3. jJ^* mi kunad
1. j.^ kardam
2. ^^kardee
3. ^T kard
PEESENT.
PeEFECT.
i^rkardeh
Plural.
1. ^C* mi kuneem
2. »v*l« mi kuneed
3. .x^o mi kunand
1. *}.}/' kardeem
2. Jj^T kardeed
3. Jj^Tkardand
XIV
FEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
FlJTUEE.
1. »sf j»\y» kbabam kard
2. if ^y* kbabee kard
3. ^Jjfclji. kbabad kard
1. >ap *jj»lja. kbabeem kard
2. if^fi\y^ kbabeed kbard
3. i>j J^lji. kbaband khard
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., ^ besbo
2nd pers. plural, Jjj^j besbaveed
Peesejstt.
Singular.
,J-- Shudan. — " To become."
Past Participle.
L.
« ft'i V i' ; t .O
9 . '■
mi sbavam
mi sbavee
mi sbaveed
sJw. shudeb
Plural.
1. *jj^« mi sbaveem
2. Jj^^o mi sbaveed
3. Jo*£-<a mi sbavand
VEEBS.
XV
Pekfect.
1. -J-i. shudam
2. i^J^i shudee
3. oi shud
1. >X£> ** ^»
khaham shud
kkahee shud
khahad shud
1. ^Jwi shudeem
2. OiJ£ shudeed
3. JJJ-2> shudand
Ftjtuee.
khaheem shud
khaheed shud
khahand shud
o 0j> Boodan.
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., Jil? bash
2nd pers. plur., J^l. basheed
"To be."
Past Participle.
sjjj boodeh
XVI
PERSIAN GRAMMAR,
Present.
1,
2,
3,
bastam
hastee
o-a bast
1* **y boodam
2. ^sy boodee
3, zy bood
1. *y iSk 1 ^ kbabam bood
2. j»jj i^ 1 ^*- kbab.ee bood
3. iy ^y, kbabed bood
Perfect.
Future,
1,
2,
3.
basteem
hasteed
bastand
p>ty. boodeem
. Joji^j boodeed.
3» Jisy boodaud.
1
2
1. *y t*^y* kbabam bood
2. zy JuaI^. kbabeed bood
3. ty Xjklji. kbahaud bood
VEBBS.
XV U
».>b dadeb.
^.sb Dadan.—" To give."
ImperaWi*. ^ s ' PatrUcvple
2nd pers. sing., »^> bedeb
2nd pers. plur., ***> bedeheed.
Present
Singular.
1. **J** mi dabam
2. ,/^ m i dabee
3. JaJ-o mi dabad
1.
2.
3.
Plural.
^stbj-* mi dabeem
j^jujo mi dabeed
j^j«-o mi daband.
1. ..ab dadan
2. t$ib dadee
3. ab dud
Perfect.
1. ^ab dadeem
2. Joob dadeed
3. jjjb dadand
xvm
PEESIAN GEAMMAB.
FUTTJEE.
1. alo y*'»i. khaham dad
2.
3.
r^y-
^IJ>
1*3. khahee dad
c^y-
jb Jj»1
khahad dad
y^J^i. Khdstan. — •" To will
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., s\j& bekhah
2nd pers. plur., J*fcjy» bekhaheed
1. jU **»)_>» khaheem dad
2. ^b J^W> khaheed dad
2. jU jjj^ji- kbaband dad
; to wish ; to want."
Past Participle.
.vzwlfti. kbasteb
Singular.
1. **ly** mi khaham
2. ^'^a** nii khahee
3. jjklyt* mi khahad
Pee sent.
Plural.
1 . *t*>\y&* mi khaheem
2. J** 1 ^" mi khaheed
3. J^Jkly** mi khahand
VERBS.
XIX
Perfect.
1.
2.
3.
khastam
khastee
L**' ' j
Iti. khast
1.
2.
3.
-_t.
Future.
khaham khast 1.
Us. ^fcl^i. kkahee khast
oJ^i. J*lji khahand khast
2.
3.
1. *=-Jj±. kkasteeni
2. Jtf-»V" khasteed
3. J^-ly- kkastand
(^Jy. ^e»lj» khaheem khast
o-\j4- J^y- kkaheed khast
' i» jj^ly. khahand khast
Eemark
In quoting another person's words the Persians give, as nearly as they
can, the words that he actually used. In English we say, - He said that
he was coming ;" in Persian they say, " He said I am coming. '
XX PEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
PRONOUNS.
The pronouns are, as in other languages, three, but in Persian they have
no geuder, and are as follows : —
I, ^ Mun We, L Ma
Thou, y To You, Li Shuma
He or she, \ An, vulg., Oon. They, l«3l .AnTia, vulg., Oon/ia
Colloquially the possessive is formed by adding,
In the Singular, ui, o, f m, t, sh
In the Plural, ^li, 'J, U ma, tan, shan
In the substantive, ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.
IS aspcm, my horse
£2\ aspat, thy horse
jJL\ aspash, his horse
1. eL yek
2. j* do
3. a-, seh
4 # .l^a. chehfir
KTJMEEALS.
t* fcJ3 aspi-rna, our horse
JL1A aspi-tdn, your horse
a t£\ aspi-shdn, your horse
NUMEEALS
XXI
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
jj panj
shesh
oft* 7ia/£
hasht
ii noh
10. »J $a7i
11. o^jlj yazdah
12. s^ doazdeh
13. sisja* seesdeh
14. sj.'^ chehardeh
15. s^jb panzdeh
16. s^b shdnsdeh
17. jjift heevdeh
18. *>*£* lieejdeh
xxu
PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
19.
«^jy noozdeh
60.
o-oi s7ias£
20.
o—-o beest
70.
^ Ilia, haflad
21.
dj j o-rf &ees£ o yek
80.
jbila hashtdd
22.
»
2* s o~-j beesi o do, &c.
90.
oy navad
30.
^ see
100.
Jw» sttd
40.
J**, chehel
1000.
^l^t hezdr
50.
»UJi punjah
500,000.
JZr kroor
First, Jjl .4 ml
Second, vj.s Duyum
id
Third, ^ Seyum
Fourth, pl^ Cheharum
Fifth, ^ Panjum
Sixth, -li Sheeshum
Seventh, -i* Haftum
Eighth, *aij* Hashtum
Ninth, *$3 Noliurn,
Tenth, **>* Ddhum
PEESIAN VOCABULARY.
VOCABULARY.
A.
A, an, ek yek.
Abandon, v., ^j^Tdy tarfc kardan.
Abase, v., ^sf <-«*&■ khafeef Jcardan.
Abash, v., C ^-»L sJ^~»ji> sharmandeh
sakhtan.
Abbreviate, «., ^^T^s* mukhtasar
/cardan.
Abdicate, v., ^ata * W=— \ istefa dadan.
Abdomen, &> shaJcam.
Abet, v., &sy>j {jj^. yari nemoodan. '
Abettor, Jk ydr ; e!^* moharek.
Abide, ^JoU mandan ; a &pi { j^>
sukna nemoodan.
Ability, «y kooveh, ^jj zarangi.
Able, d3jj zarang.
Ablution, J~£ ghasl.
Abode, ^K* makdn; { j^» sukna.
Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.r-
dan.
Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.
Above, ^? bald.
YOCABTJLAEY.
About, jj± dor. — (concerning),
yj>yi^. ji dur Jchesoos.
Absolute, jlia* mutlak; Jax~n> mus-
takil.
Abscond, v., crM, j J dur r of tan,
tf&kf gureekhtan.
Absent, v., c J-i t-*il£ gha'ib shudan ;
— in mind, J»lc ghafil ; Je\± ^^.ji
perishan-i-khater.
Abstain,!'., ^Jj^ji parheez kardan;
(to avoid), y&J?i^\a&\ ijtenab kar-
dan.
Abstinence, j-ft^ parlieez.
Absurd, jou^j bee hoodeh; ^/j***-? bee
ma'ani.
Absurdity, ^^a beehoodehgee.
Abundance, ,J^J faravani.
Abundant, J\j\j faravdn.
Abuse, v., yj^ »U£.> doshnam da-
dan.
Abuse, -Ilia doshnam.
Accelerate, v., ±J~ J-? 3 " ta'ajeel
kardan.
Accept, v., ytjf^jj kabool kard.an.
Acceptance ^J \j> Aj pezeerdi'.
Access, cj/ fcwrb.
Accident, jlol itifak.
M
Accidental, ^^J'l itifaki.
Accidentally, IsUjI itifakan.
VOCABT/LAKY.
Accompany, v., osfj^j** Jiamrahee
Tcardan.
Accomplice, <2k^£. shareeJc.
Accomplish, v., ^ j»US tamam Tcar-
dan.
Accordingly, IJ*! le haza.
According (to), &\yc mo-afiJc ; ^^■_^
la mo-jib.
Account (news), j*z» Tchabar ; (mo-
ney), uL» his sab.
Account, v., yjjb v_jL^. Jiisab dadan.
Accumulate, v., *f*+z. jam Jcardan.
Accuracy, i^*-" sihhat.
Accurate, ->*"" sahheeJih.
Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;
(false), o-^j' tuhmat.
Accuse, ^if oi^i shilcdet Jcardan ;
i>f\s.±\ ida'a Jcardan.
Accuse (falsely), ^j o»# tuhmat
zadan.
Accuser, (J ^= ] £ shalci ; ^<u muda'i ;
w
*#u mutahim.
Ache, ij* dard.
Ache, v., gsf i>ji> dard Jcardan.
Acid, <J>j tursh.
Acknowledge, v., o^tfj]/^ ihrar Jcar-
dan.
Acorn, kjij baloot.
4
VOCABULAKY.
Acquaint, v., ^U U^l ashnd salch
tan ;
a
iUS
t
!W»1 -it-iZa dadan.
Acquaintance, U-l ashnd.
Acquire, v., ^jl »-iyaa fee tesaroof
awardan ; ^t* ydftan.
Acquit, v., yj^j t-iW ma' af kardan;
{ 2zjT u e>'h» khelass kardan.
Acquittal, ^^.i khelas.
Across, ^--^jl az sar be sar.
Act, v., ^f kardan ; ^^J %e-
moodan.
Action, ^as fi-el.
Actual, J*??*- hakeeki; aJL, hali-eh.
Add (arithmetic), v., ^j/a^. jam'
kardan; (increase), O ^js\afzoodan.
Adhere, v., ^J*
chaspeedan ;
^ysjf jlai' ta'aluk giriftan.
Adhesive, e)U-~~*. chaspndk.
Admire, v., ^^x^jpasand kardan.
Admit, v., o^J* 5 kabool kardan;
(to a room), ^f Ji-b ddkhel
kardan.
Admonish, v., ^ta otf^' naseehat
dadan.
Admonition, o.*^ naseehat.
Adopt, v., ^^j jUil ikhtidr ne-
moodan.
Adoration, o^Lc ibddet ; J^~^ P *
ris£es7i.
YOCABTJLAET.
Adore, v., ^^^ji peresteedan.
Adorn, v., &»\j\ arastan; ^[^jpee-
rastan.
Adulterate, v., *f tjli malhloot
kardan.
Adultery, lij zena.
Advance (money), v., ^ata J~ri peesh
dfidan ; (proceed), ^j J~j peesh
raftan.
Advance-guard, J 5 l/» J~i peesh ka-
raool ; (advanced camp), a*-* J^i
peesh Tcheimeh ; (advanced in
years), ti>j^^> sal Tchoordeh.
Advantage, »J^ fai-edeh.
Adversary, &+Z* do simian ; <-kj*
hareef ; j^^ vandal.
Adversity, \ held; j^^ lad bakhti.
Advertise, v., a af j^> viuntesher
kardan; a &\a /-^ intishfir da-
dan.
Advice, \s^f naseehat.
Advise, v., d* o&* naseehat da-
dan.
Affair, j Vkfir; j*\ amr.
Affidavit, ^S hasam.
Affirm, aifj)f\ Mr fir Jcardan.
Affirmation, j\j\ ikrar.
VOCABTTLAEY.
Affix, v., cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal),
^.i^gj nemooden.
Afflict, v., a*f)^* dilkhor kardan ;
sy. e)U^ ghumnak boodan.
Affluence, ^J^j^ dowlet mundee..
Affluent, J^^j* dowlet onund.
Affront, v., ^f *s~j# bee hormat
kardan.
Afraid (to be), a *~>j tarseedan.
After, ±*> la' ad; u^fus.
Afternoon, j^- asr.
Afterwards, v. See After.
Again, jl> bdz ; ^^ do bdrah.
Against, <-i^« khelaf ; ^> zid ; J* 1 *-
mukabil.
Age,j+* umr.
Agent Jij vakeel.
Agile, jjfirx ; &j) zarang.
Agility, &J firzee ; J^jj zarangi.
Aggrandize, v., ±f ^jj->. btizurg
kardan.
Agree, v., c ^> ^f>\ rdzi shudan.
Agreement, j\j kardr.
Agriculture, u~p1j zaru'at.
Ague (and fever), j) 3 ^ tab va larz.
Ah ! si ah; »\j vali ; J\j vdi.
Ahead, J~i peesh.
Aid, &Skomek ; «>J- medad.
Ail, 1'., o*# ^ ^ ee ^ boodan.
VOCABULARY.
Aim (object), &y*U mdhsood ; (tar-
get), -ullj nishdneh.
Aim, v., &*/ JjI/ Icaraool giriftan.
Air, lj* haw a.
Alarm, i^-t* * Mrs >' p** ^eem; uiji
fe/iof.
Alas. See Ah.
Alcove, i^A 5 «^» s ^"^ nesheen.
Alert, jl-A* ho shy dr.
Alien, aJ^j beegdneh.
Alight, v., e)J^ *>»W piddeh shudan,
Alike, ^ barabar ; Ji* raisl.
All, *♦* hameh.
Allegiance, o*U»l itd-at ; ifj\*j$*j
ferman berdari.
Alleviate, v., &*ff kam hardan.
Alliance, J^ ahd; J&Sl itifak.
Allow, v., ^\^guzdshtan ; ^b &**
izn dddan.
Alloy, j \? iydr.
Alloy, v., o*£M *V« r fccw^om.
Allure, ujdb u-i/ /areeb dadan.
Ally, £& ra/eefc; ,U a/ar ; cv-jJ
doost.
Almanack, *jj&j tahveem.
Almighty (the), JU J\>& khodd
ta'ald.
8
V0CABT7LAKY.
an
Almond, J^Ij bddam.
Almost, eloji nazdeek ; >-*>.J^
kareeb.
Alms, <wJw> sadakeh.
Aloe,^ sabr.
Alone, V-> tanlia ; dJ talc.
Along, ^jljJo be derdzee.
Aloof, J^ ba'eed.
Already, u-jj j\ J^j peesli as vaklit ;
(as a question), tjsj) ^ be een
zoodee.
Also, ** hum ; yj neez ; \J»\ a'izan.
Alter, v., v^v^j* avaz liar dan.
Altercation, ataU* nwjadileh.
Although, ** f\ igur cheh.
Altitude, t^xL boolandi; clai'jl irtifa\
Altogether, **U bahum ; U^**. ja-
mee'dn.
Alum, Jl'j zak.
Always, *£-♦* hameesheli.
Am (I), *x~a hastam.
Amanuensis, *_J : lf katib.
Amass, v., sjf *j? jam' kardan.
Amaze, v., ^Jf^^*. hayran Tcardan.
Amazement, <—*s? ajab; o^ hayrat;
t— .s 50 ta'ajub.
Ambassador, , J* ' eelchi.
Amber, \^ kahruba.
VOCABULARY.
Ambition, yj>j» Mrss ; jJb,ki nazar
buland.
Ambitious, Ji5jJb buland nazar.
Amble, &/_ yurgheh.
Amble, v., ^j &ji yurgheh raftan.
Ambuscade, v^Skameen.
Amend, v., ^j^o--,^ drust kardan;
cJ i J T ^s^ tas'hheehh kardan.
Amendment, **?*** tas'hheehh.
Amiable, iy^j^ ndzeneen.
Amity, j^j* doostee ; <J^*« mehri-
bdnee.
Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ dakhil.
Amount, *i*o mublagh.
Ample, \^i^kejdiet ; ^kafi.
Amputate, v., ^^ji buridan.
Anathema, e^aJ la'anat.
o
Ancestors, ^ba-1 ajdad.
Anchor, f£ langar.
Ancient, **J£ kadeem ; i^kohneh.
And, j xa, o.
Anecdote, a-oS kisseh.
Anew, y)\ azno.
Angel, *£>j ferishteh ; ell* malak.
Anger, ^3 kahr.
Angle, jS'kung ; i^^goosheh.
Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.
10
YOCABULAET.
AnguJsh,jlj1 azdr.
Animal, jjSW jawwer s o^ haiwdn.
Animosity, i^Tceeneh; j+£± dosh-
mdni; ojIj^ adawat.[]chan i zoreki
Ankle, c^ srTwtssefc; J, 5 j ^y^ ] ustu-
Annals, &,\y tawdreekh.
Annex, v., ^jH payvastan.
Annihilate, v., o*f ^ tamdn Tear-
dan.
Announce, &&\*j& Wwhr dadan.
Anoint, «., ^f^Jrs charl kardan '
Another, f.s Jk yeki deeger.
Answer, vlja. jaivab.
Answer, v., &a\a v\j> jawal dadan.
Ant, ^jy murcheh.
Antagonist, u%» hareef; J>'*« mo-
kabil.
Antelope, 1p* jay ran.
Anterior, c^r-s-i Jpeesheen.
Antimony, ^ surmeh.
Anxiety, J^.^ tashveesh.
Any, ,*» lieech.
Apart, \J«. jwd# ; \y» seevd.
Apartment, ^y-> manzel.
Aperient, J4-* mos'hil.
Apologize, v., tr-ly- jj* «zr TcMstan.
Apology, j <& uzr.
Apoplexy, *£~> sakMeh.
VOCABTTLAEY.
11
Apostle, Jj~^ resool.
Apothecary, j^s- atdr ; jLlj-a dawfi-
sfiz.
Apparatus, uLI ash fib ; i=>511 alat.
Apparel, db_# poshfiTc.
Apparent, >lt zfiher ; ^vfizehh.
Appear, v., ^ o^.Uj nimayfin shu-
dan; ^J^ta^ nemoodfir shudan.
Appearence, y»Ui sa7ier; U5 nema .
jj£, zehoor.
Appertain, v., ^ ^ tfibeh shudan.
Appetite, l^l ishtiha.
Applaud, v., ^^.}\ afereen guftan.
Apple, <-~-» seeb.
Apply (to put together), v., a tyj Islt
alka nemoodan; (to ask), ^^-^
Tchdstdn ; c^/Jlf- soofil Tear dan.
Appoint, o^'jy^ ma'amoor Tcardan.
Appointment, c^j-U, ma'amoori-et.
Apportion, v., d j/ow Tcismet kar-
dan.
Appraise, v., ^/c^" Tcaimat Tcar-
dan.
Apprehend (to sieze), v., jaf girif-
tan; (to fear), ±*~>J turseedan;
^\z &+s>\j vfihemeh dasMan.
Apprehension, v*J turs; a+*\j vfihe-
meh.
12
VOCABULARY.
Apprentice, ^/li shagird.
Approach, v., v&izj nazdeek.
Approbation, x*~j pasand; JoJjI^*
sawdbdeed.
Approve, v., ^^jJj— j pasandeedan ;
*p Jw-j pasand kardan.
Apricot, jlbj zard aloo.
Apt, J? Is kdbil ; Jj}) ld-yik ; t_— »L«
Aquatic, <^1 abee.
Arbiter, cJU sd-liss.
Arbitrary, ,JU; zdlim.
Arch, jll» £a& ; ul^ mihrdb.
Archer, j ljiJ-» sadaltddr.
Architect, o-J^ mohandaz.
Archives,^! - Is ^ def titer.
Ardour, o^c gheirat.
Are, (v., Introduction).
Area, ^Ij^ may dan.
Argue, 'u., *f ^sS guft o goo kar-
dan ; y^ib J^+zS' keshmdkish
ddshtan.
Arid, elli. khuskh, j>_[i bdyer.
Aries, J*a. hernial.
Aristocracy, ^y> buzurgdn.
Arithmetic, l-jL-s. hisdb.
Ark, 4uLi safeeneh.
Arm, jjl bazoo.
VOCABULARY.
13
Arm, v., j^x-j as^' asleheh bastan;
ly^jSkamar bastan.
Armoury, aiU. *&. jubbeh Tchaneh.
Armour, j\j. yea rah.
Armpit, J*j baghal.
Arms, asM aslaha, t^j* o^l alat i
harbieh; elba. oj.il adawati jang.
Army, J& leshkar^jC^- asTcar.
Around, tj^ijfgerdagerd; j^ dor.
Arouse, v., ^^T^Ijuj beedar Tcardan.
Arrange, v., ^^0-,^ drust Tcardan;
^ta J*3 nazm dddan.
Arrangement, o~j j ^ band bast.
Arrear, JU bafct; a*3 tetumeh.
\ JLmI -
s jJ
Arrest, v., j&f giHftan; ±f
habs Tcardan.
Arrival, tjjj verood; Jy>j vesool
Arrive, v., &±~>j rasidan ; a
vdrid shudan.
Arrogance, j^/- gheroor.
Arrogant,jj^i* maghroor.
Arrogate, v., ^J U^l ida a Tcardan.
Arrow, j£ teer.
Hi
Arsenal, *3 1* x&jubbeh Tchaneh.
Arsenic, yij-eK- marg-i-moosh.
Art, ^ /an ,• (jpl. yi /anoon-).
Artery, \^> sher'yan ; is), rag.
14
VOCABULAKY.
hI
Articulate, v., oif^ talafuz kar-
dan.
Artifice, aL* Jieeleh.
Artificial, ^y** masnoo-ee.
Artillery, *i\&y toopkhdneh.
Artless, <-jj3j*j bee vekoof ; i*\~>
Seidell.
As, a y* clioon.
Ascend, v., ^J^l 91} bdld-dmadan ;
^jbol^j ber dmadan.
Ascertain, v., &sf&** tahkeek kar-
dan ; ^f^* mo-ai-yen kardan.
Ascribe, v., .o^ta c>»— i nisbat dadan.
Ash (tree), eLt^V»j zeban, gunjishk.
Ashamed, »J^u/. sharmandeh.
Ashes, i~^»ls. klictkistei:
Aside, jbTjJ der kendr ; <J>}> j* bar
taraf.
Ask, i?., cj J^-^i purseedan ; &*/$}*
soodl kardan.
Asleep, sJ^j^i. kliabeedeh.
Asparagus, ajj^U war choobeh.
Ass, j* khar ; s$\ olak.
Assassin, <jy* khoonee ; Jjls fcatil.
Assassinate, v., l jd^kusJitan.
Assassination, Jx§ featl.
Assault (military), <u** hamleh ;
VOCABULAEY.
J.j^yoorish; pp hejoom ; (high-
way) o-ij'^ vah zadan.
Assault,!?., a &) zadan; (military), iU*
a aj> hamleh burdan ; &*jj\ fj**
hejoom awardan ; (highway), tjj*],
zf rah zani kardan ; (night),
^fjSju shalgeer kardan.
Assay (metal), jU iyar.
Assemblage, u-V majlis ; o***?»
jam'eeat.
Assemble, v., *J\ f)f feraham
dverdan ; *f <**=> iom' kardan ;
d ^*5 Jgyrf tah-seel nemoodan.
15
jemd'at ; <j*hs c
Assembly, o*Ua.
majlis.
Assent, J/M pezerd-ee ; J^ kabool.
Assert, v., &sf j\j\ ikrar kardan;
y&fi-aijsj ta'areef kardan.
Assertion, j \j>\ ikrar.
Assiduous, J.*s* mukay-id.
Assign, v., ^^fv^ ta-yeen kardan.
Assist, ^U eUS" komek dadan ; aa*
^■ib mojdad dadan.
Assistance, <&£' komek; ^ ydri;
ix» madad.
Assistant, j^i yar ; ;U-J dustyar.
16
YOCABULAET.
Associate, *)/** humrah ; c>-^U»
humdust; &j rafeek; e^ sliereek.
Associate, v., &f J>V» hamrahee
Icardan; ^^ ^ shereek shudan.
Assurance (certainty), &k yakeen ;
oJUUmowat; (trust), *\s&\ itakadj
(impudence), ^j^ bee sliurmee.
Assure, v., &*}&&■ V dkeen kardan;
vzffi**-}^ kliaterjcim' kardan.
Asthma, u-» ■** t an gi' e nef ass -
Astonish, »., d-*/ e>W *«*«**» fecw-
ckm ; (to be astonished), o-'/W 1
taajub kardan.
Astonishment, c-^' taajub.
Astrologer, ^ munajim.
Asunder, W jwda.
Asylum, staUj pendligah.
At, ^ wuza' ,• u^ pees/i.
Atheist, u^a duhri.
Athirst, a^i' tishneh.
Atmosphere, !j» hdwa.
Attach, v., ji~,j-ipayvastan.
Attach, A+=» hamleh ; J^ji yoorish ;
f^sf 6 hijoom.
Attain, v., ^l* yaftan.
Attempt, v., ^^\ ikdam kardan;
^ \g~> sa-ee kardan.
Attend (to be present), v., &*y.
S"
VOCABTJLAET.
17
Mzer hoodan ; (to pay attention),
ij> v-Jj)j- mo-azib loodan.
Attendance, ux>^ khidmeb.
Attendant,^ noker ; j£-Ai fc/ad-
metgar.
Attention, a^y tavajuh ; o-Wj* we-
i>a;zet>w£.
Attest, v., bj^U o.sl«£ shehadet da-
dan.
Attire, v., ^ji pooslxeedan.
Attitude, £-»j uuz'e.
Attorney, Jij vakeel.
Attract, v., ±~sfkeslieedan.
Attribute, v., & *\* i=*«~i nisbut da-
dan.
Auction, ^\jt hardj.
Aunt (paternal), <wc ummeh; (ma-
ternal), ilU. klialeli.
Auspicious, i=*aa eU neefc 6ttfcM.
Authentic, _^° sahheehh.
Authority, o,j5 kudrtit.
Autograph, Wj£->.> dust fcTmi.
Avarice, Ja? bwfc/il; o~~~i- kliassees-
sat.
Avaricious, u-*-*- khassees.
Avert, v., c) ,> ./'£f' 3 ^a/'e kardan ;
jj\sf gardaneedan.
Avoid, v., ^J'^^ ijtenab kardan.
Avow, v., oifj\fi\ ikrdr kardan.
1% VOCABTJLAEY.
Await, v., a ±Z>Jaz^ muntezir shudan.
Awake, v., &sfj\<**> beeddr Tcardan.
Awake, jW* beeddr.
Away (absent), Lj-jIs gliaib.
Awe, \j»j turss ; <-»>» hhof.
Awhile, <JJ« mudetti; lJUj zamdni.
Awl, u^ darafsh.
Awry, J"fcej ; us—ljli ua ?'asi; j1j»»li
na hamvdr.
Axe, j~> tabar ; (pickaxe), eUT £o-
lan-ci.
Azure, ,j;j*- samavi ; l|I aM.
B.
Babe, as: bachali ; J^ ti/L
Baboon, ^^^ maymoon.
Bachelor, sjj* azctb.
Back, o^ T pwsW ; ^ zahr ; (back
again), "jU bdz ; *j\>j& do-bdreh ;
u-j puss.
Backgammon, &j s& tdkht i nurd.
Bad, Jo bacL
Badge, &^ nishdn ; ex.'&e. aldmat.
Bag, *~fkeesseh; (horse's nose-bag),
y y tubreh; (sack), Jlj* jaual;
(saddle-bags), ^j* hhoorjeen ;
(carpet bag) a^- chanta.
VOCABULARY.
19
Baggage, & honeli ; yL! asbdb.
Bail, ojU^ zemanat; ^^kefdlat.
Bailiff, Jij vakeel ; J-o** moliussil.
Bake (in oven), c ^ii jyS j* der tanoor
•pookhtan ; e ^ jpookhtan.
Baker, l_yU ndnvd.
Balance (scales), jj\j> tardzoo ; (of
an account) J>[) bake; a*i> tetum-
meh.
Bald, tfkal; ^fkechel.
Bale, az— j basteh.
Ball (playing), i_>jj toop ; (musket)
Aft' galooleli ; (globe), sjS^kureh,
Bamboo, &\;j± kliayzerdn.
Band (party), jo-^ dusteli.
Bandage, J^ bund.
Bandit, ^jt\j rdh zan ; ^ duzd.
Banish, v., cJ .^r_lj»l ikhrdj kardan.
Bank (of river), jSkendr ; t-J lub.
Bankrupt, y-la* mufliss ; az~&j ver-
shekesteh.
Banner, J& alam ; J^j bayduk.
Banquet, oiL» zidfat ; <iW> meh~
mdnee.
Bar, J*« meel ; (of a river), Jw» sudd;
Barb (of an arrow), jU. khdr.
20
Barbarian, ^ ajnahi ; Vi> 9^'
reek.
Barber, A dalldh ; jU- salwawi.
Bare, ^ herehneh; ^ arydn.
Bargain, jV kerdr ; as* ata.
Bargain, v, d ^3 -»W c ^ _rie71 s,odon '
Bark (of a tree), >z~>y,poost.
Barley, 3* >.
Barracks, »W)V serlazhhaneh.
BarreKofagun),^ looleh ; (cask),
Sr-4 P ee P- , x
Barren (land), ^ bfiyar.-j (season),
iClo. Tchuski.
Barricade, JL, sudd ; ^ bund.
VOCABULARY.
Barter, «., o>>/^ U modvezeh Tear-
dan; ^/^moladelehkardan.
Base, JJJ zaleeZ; ^ fcato0r; (of a
building), aVft honydd.
Bashful, »J^> sharmandeh.
Basil (berb), d W, ree/iaw.
A.J
fkdseli.
Basin, ^1 Zegraw;
Basket, J-- sabad; *is feu#0%j &j)
zanbeel-
Bastard, ^ f 1> hardm zddeh.
Bastion, ^/. burj.
Bat (animal), ^ u^ s7mb pereh.
Bath, r U» hammdm.
Bathman, ^W* Jimvmdmi.
VOCABTJLAEY.
21
Ml
Bathe, ^j *La. hammam raftan.
Battle, t&j*jang ; 1^-i dd-wd.
Bawl, ^j tjxi na'areh zadan.
Bay (sea), g±* Tchaleej ; (colour), j^
kahar.
Bayonet, »js^-* sar nayzeh.
Be, ■»., £&y boodan ; c ^~ * hastan.
Hi
Beach, sjbTfcenare/i; JoZshutt; Ja.U
sa7ieZ.
Bead, jjla ddneh; i&o molvreh.
Beak,jlou murikdr ; «& n>«fc.
Beani,^a> teer.
Bean, ^iU bdkld.
Bear, y*^. khirss.
Bear (suffer), v., (0^) j^sAb J*as ta-
hamuldashtan,orkardan; (carry),
yj^j burdan.
Beard, ^j reesh.
Bearer, J*U. hdmil.
Beast, jylja* hayvdn ; jy\* janivar.
Beat, 1?., £•>; zadan; (conquer), ^Jte
^sXi glxdlib shudan.
Beautiful, o,^-> yi^i fcTios/i, soorat ;
jj jija. fc/ios7i roo ; <sLi» kashang.
Beau, s., ebis kasliang.
Becafico, j^ja?s' aryeer fe/jor.
Because, il/j zeera fceh; d _j» choon.
Beckon, v., a &fsJJS>\ islidreh kardan.
22
* VOCABUIiAET
Become, v., a ±* shudan.
Bed, B^y. Miabgah.
Bedding, M^ 5 ^ rakht * kMh -
Bedroom, -iSly tfW otdk M>0 5fc '
Bedfellow, v^r* ham Wldl - B
sheet, J~S. sfcwrnwd; v^molafeh.
Bee,^j zanboor; J-^J *<*»boor-
i-asal.
Beer, 3* ^ 06 ijo.
Beetroot, j J^ cheghondar.
Befal, i'., tf J£ o*> «™ z sMdan -
Before, jM P eesJl » J** peeahter ;
Jjl aval.
Beg, r., ^fj\^gedd-ee Tcardan.
Beggar, \SSTgeda.
Begin, v., c^/er ** M ™'* ardan -
Beginning, \<&\ ibtidd ; Jj\ avaZ.
Behalf, AJj vaseteh.
Behave (respectfully), v., 0^ M ^
adab beja aivardan; (carelessly),
^JA J»l* gM/ZZ sTwdan.
Behaviour, oi> harakat ; (good),
^i\ aclab.
Behind, u-j pus; ^ ahab ; c^
pusht.
Behold, ^/xK negdhhardan; UW
j ^ftamasba lardan.
VOCABULAET.
23
Belch, v., i$j\ arogh (vulg. or oh)
Jcardan.
Belief, .ilL^l itikdd ; ^UjI ayman.
Believe, v., $f } )\> haver kardan ;
cJ iib .ilLxsl itikad dashtan.
Bell, ebj zang.
Belly, J3. shulcum.
Belong, v., <xi, jjlsx* muta , alah shu-
dan.
Beloved, jijc azsez.
Below, jij zeer.
Belt, ^jSkummerband.
Bemoan, y±jy» i^-^~il afsooss khur-
dan.
Bend, v., sf ' j» khum Tcardan.
Beneath, jij zeer ; oj£ taht.
Benefit, sJoU fa'ideh.
Benefit, v., tJ~jSZj neekoo kardan
£*fjt±. khair kardan.
Benevolence, ^y- j** khair kliahee.
Benevolent, slji^ khair khdh.
Bent (past of to bend), S'kej ; J-
khum.
Bequeath, v., d ^c>s-»j veseeyet kar-
dan ; ^jT*** hebeh kardan.
Berry, <uU ddneh; ^^ hub.
Beseech, ^^T^UxJl iltimass kardan ;
24
YOCABTTLABY.
^^IcjiJ istida'a kardan ; ^J>j^
^sfarz liar dan.
Beset, v., y^f&l*.} ihdteh ~kardan.
Beside, v&isy nazdeek; *y nuzd; _^a
■pahloo.
Besides, iy^s- eldveh.
Besiege, ^^j^W mohassereh kar-
dan.
Besmear, y&fssj] aloodeh kardan.
Best, tf.jH* behtereen,.
Bestir, ^ify^Sj^. harakat kardan.
Bestow, S\s dddan ; ^sf J^lSi
bakhshesh kardan ; ^J^a, bakh-
slieedan.
Bet, \>jti shart ; j jo nuzr.
Bet, v., ir ^~ j \>jt> shart bastan ; j J5
j;^— > nuzr bastan.
Betray, v., ^^5 oj^ khidnat ne-
moodan.
Betroth, v., d ^T^l3 namzad kardan.
Better,^? behter.
Between, ^L* midn ; ca-> bayn.
Beverage, u-jji shurbut.
Bevy, xjj" grooh.
Bewail, v., ^^j^- (_^-j — »1 afsooss khur-
dan.
Beware, v., ^oi. j\*j?* khabrddr
shudan; ^^ tV] dgah boodan ;
^ ji aik* mutili' shudan.
VOCABULARY.
25
Beyond, i_i^a>i an taraf; c^ ^1 an
samt.
Bible, w>&» i->\£* kitab-i-molcaddas.
Old Test. &\jy tor at. New Test.
J-s^ anjeel.
Bid (order), ^U ^jUy/ermaw dddan.
Bier, o»jIj taboot.
Big, djjj buzurg.
Bigot, Lg^ wg j mttta-assib.
Bile, !/*» sufra.
Bill (money), s!^ her at; (of a bird),
Bind, v., j^— j bastan.
Biped, ii'^j^ dojpdyah.
Bird, c^* murgh.
Birtb, J^« mowlood; jJy tavalud.
— day, t^fe&f?- eed i mowlood.
Bit (piece), ^b pdreh; iS3 tekkeh;
(snaffle), \jjy£.\ ab khoory ; (curb),
is** dahaneh ; (curb chain), j^j
zanjeer.
Bitch, eL* ».ilo mddeh sag.
Bite, i\, ^_f gazeedan ; ^f gtjfa
denddn giriftan.
Bitter, Jj talkh.
Bitterness, j^ talkhi.
Black, *t-» siydh.
Blackbird^ L sdr.
26
Blacken, v., &/*+ siyah lardan.
Blackguard, .dj-lj- hardmzadeli.
Blacksmith, £»\ ahenger.
Blame, je*3 takseer ; ^ ^ eta '>
sbT gunah.
Blameless, >U tf *<* ^ seer '
Bland, pi*. mol«i/em.
Blanket, & petoh.
Blaze, ^ shuuleh ; $* 0X0.
Bleach, v., &f*>* se f eed lcardan -
Bleed.v.^f^Moongiriftan;
tj d, rag zadan.
Blemish, y-~? anjb*
Ble8B,i;.,o^^ w " barttidadaW
VOCABtTLAET.
Blessing, o^? larakat.
Blind, ,/fcoor ; (window), ■** par-
dah.
Blind, v., v*fjfkoor Urdan.
zadan.
Bliss ej-ib-j saadat.
Blister, A>\ abileh.
Block, sj3 teereh.
Blockhead, j—1 alimdk.
Blood, y» fcTioon.
Bloodshed, J^ kail ; &jy> ^ oon '
reezy.
Bloody, ^> Tihoonee.
VOCABTTLABY.
27
Bloom, ihj&> shekoofeh.
Blossom, iij&> shekoofeh ; ^fgul.
Blot (stain), ad) lekeh.
Blow, ^y> zarb.
Blow, v., o^jjj varzeedan.
Blue, ^jf alee ; ijfkebood; (dark),
Ju> neeli ; (light), &*)}j<? feeroo-
zeh-ee.
Blunder, 'J** kheta ; laic ghalat.
Blunt, J^ kund.
Blush, v., ^J^ 3f>j-* surkhroo shu-
dan.
Boar, e)ji fcTioofc ; ^» khanzeer.
Board, a^i takhteh.
Boast, <-i^ laf ; ,jZ>jj» •>>» fc7iw<2
/roos7iee.
Boast, v., ^^j <-i^l laf zadan.
Boat, Li ?^ kerejee ; j~£ keshti ;
£) lotka.
Boatman, ^ j*S kerejee ban.
Bodkin, J^j* darafsh.
Body, *> badan; J> tan ; (dead),
jl^l AasTi.
Bog, ivh&p murdab.
Boil, v., oif ji ^ abpuz-kardan ;
^jujj^a. joosheeddn ; ^^ \J>j*-
joosh dadan.
Bold,^^ dileer ; jj~*> jassoor.
28
Bolster, &> mutaka ; soi*
adeh.
w
Bond (for debt), cL~»J tamasulc ;
(ligament), J^ bund ; J^J A:a?/d.
Bondage, ^^-.1 asseeri ; \jJ*>J^ girif-
tari.
Bone, ^>£~^ ustikhan.
Book, ^JtTketab; — keeper, u«ls*
mohdssib ; ; b jiz daftar dar ;
— binder, uJU-» sahc/f; — seller,
^jj L_>l6 Icetab feroosh.
Boot, *♦£*. chekmeh.
Booty, o,lc glutrat.
Border, tJ^S'kenuveh; ^b daman.
VOCABTJLAET.
inulih-
Bore, r., i^f ^jy sooraTch kardan.
Born, &£y> moivlood.
Borrow, v., ^^ \j>J karz giriftan.
Bosom, a~-. seeneh.
Both, j^/» liar do.
Bottle, A^ii sheesheh ; ^^ butree ;
eXo tung.
Bottom, j>_j zeer ; c^ taht.
Bough, ^M> sliakh.
Bought, sJo^i- khareedeh.
Boundary, da. hud ; J^-j sarhud.
Bound (gratified), ^y** mamnoon ;
(obliged), jy^s* majboor ; (tied),
busteh.
VOCABUIAEY.
29
Bounteous, Jil> bdzil.
Bounty, Ja? bazl.
Bow }C) Uf feem«n; u-j 5 ^os; — maker,
yTiUT Icemanger ; saddle — , J^
Tcaltdlc.
Bow (reverence), ^ku ta'azeem.
Bowels, s&jj roodeh.
Bowl, ,.1?. jam; ^Xltdseh.
Box, jjJ^-» sandook ; (small),
ja'abeh; J>j> bootee; (tree), .i
sliemshdd' ; (theatre), U^VL tak
nemd; (on the ear), ,J~> seelee.
Box, «., &*) «^-£m> musht zadan.
Boy, j~j pesser &\y* jdwdn.
i*£3*
Boyhood, ,j\y>- jdwdni.
Bracelet, Sjj y } \> bazoo band.
Brackish, jy> shoor.
Brag, v., ^j « — s"^ Idf zadan.
Braid, v. ^l* bdftan.
Braid, s.,j\y navdr.
Brain, sU^ demdgh.
Bramble, j l» fc7i«r.
Bran, i^r- sa booss.
Branch, ~\2> shdhh.
Brand, &U d##7i,
Brand, t 1 ., a" 3 /"^ ^ a ^ 1 Cardan.
Brasier (brass- worker), ^C~ m ' iss
ger.
30
YOCABULAEY.
Brass, Jj> Urenj.
Brave, Z>\^ hajura* at ; ^ shuja.
Bravery, x>\j> jura' at; o*W* shu-
ja'at. (
Bravo ! (exclamation) &j\ afereen.
Bray (of a donkey), &f f f a ™ r
Tcardan.
Breach (opening), «-»Ki shekaf.
Bread, U rwm (vulg. pr. noon).
Breadth, W* patina.
Break, r., cr-^ sUkastan; —faith,
-j& ^a s7iari sliekastan; —one's
word, ^ Jy fcol sliekastan.
Breakfast, j W weMr.
Breast, a~-> seeneh.
Breath, u-w Tie/ass.
Breathe, v., o^u-" nefasskesliee-
dan.
Breeze, -s-J noseew.
Brethren, c^jj braderdn.
Brevity, j\*&-\ ikhtissdr.
Briar, ^U. &&«*••
Bribe, *j£, risTireTt ; JJ^j fcarteeZ.
Bribe, *., o^b yA, WsfouaTi d^dan.
Brick (unburnt), o^ khisU ;
(baked), ,J «jw; (tile), *jf
kooreh ; -maker, JU o^ &&*&*'
YOCABTTLAEY.
31
Bride, u-j^ arooss ; —groom, &L\*
ddmdd.
Bridge, s., Jj pul.
Bridle, s., <u*»> dehaneh.
Bridle, v., ^.s^ajjo dehaneh kardan.
Brief, s\ijTkootah ; j-*& mukhtasser.
Briefly, \j<£& mukhtussirdn ; fcaSJI
il kisseh ; -»WU b'iljumleh.
Bright, adj., ^jj roshan.
Brighten, v., ^U ^jj roshan
sakhtan.
Brightness, fj^jj roshnaee.
Brilliant (of a precious stone), jljjl
dbddr.
Brim, t-J lub.
Brimful, j+J IvJbreez.
Brimstone, sffgoogird.
Brine, } y^\ ab-shoor.
Bring, v., &*j}\ awardan, or averdan.
Brink, lJ lub ; } \^kendr.
Brisk, Jl?. juld; JoUj o-^ c?w$£ o
chabook.
Briskness, ^^L. juldee.
Brittle, djU ndzuk.
Broad, ^ pV» ; u*^ areez.
Brocade, LgJj^^ 3 kolabdoozee.
Broken, a=~Jw> shekesteh.
Ml
Broker, J"^ deZ«I.
■—
32
YOCABTFLARY.
Brook, > nalvr.
Broom, u^U J" roob -
Broth, ^ shorU.
Brother, ^ brod-r / (adopted),
«ji\y.j^ ^«der kh'andeh.
Brought, rtj «werdefc, or aiourdeTi
Brown, «^ fc^^a^T/rf
gandoom goon ; J^ ^ kee > ^
a horse), > fcaTiar.
Browse, «., .^ chereedan.
Bruise, vjj* zurl.
Brush s., J*j br«s7i; (hair), r- u-^
whX£i (clothes), e)^
jmahootpak toons (wood), ^
he&meh.
Brute, tf V- /iayv«w.
Bubhle, i->^» 7iw6«b.
Bucket,^ dulu.
Buckle, el>*- sei/e7c.
Bud, **V ghunchehi »f* shetoofeh.
Buffalo, j^^gclvmeesh.
Bug, u- 1 -" s ^ ss *
Bugle, j_^is7iaypoor.
Build, v., cv»A beu ^ fcar(2au; J^
c) j. j rbenn^-ee-fcai"dau.
Builder, *U> ben-na.
Building, Jl* balm** J c>A*
imdrat.
VOCABULARY.
33
Bulb, jL$ peedz.
Bull, i^J nur gdv.
Bullet, A^f gelooleh.
Bullrush, kjj> burydh.
Bunch, &2>y» khoosheh ; a=-».j dusteh.
Bundle, ax— j busteh ; as 5 ? bukcheh.
Burden, s.,j\i bar.
Burden,!'., o^j^j-i zeer-bur-kardan.
Burial, ij^c*. jendzeh ; ^Jo tadfeen.
Burn, v., i j&-j~> sookhtan.
Burnish, v., ^ta ^ jeld dddan.
Burst,!., ^sfj tarakeedan ; ^\£L
shekdftan.
Bury, v., ^sf ^z duf'n kardan ;
^^TdU. khdk kardan.
Bush, ai} buteh.
Business, Jfkdr ; Jii. shugh'l.
Bustard, tjyt. hooberreh.
Bustle, awKLt hengdmeli.
Busy, s., J^ii* mushghool.
Busy, v., 2>jf ^yJL* mushghool kar-
dan.
But, jQ laykin ; U! am-ma.
Butcher, i_>L>9 kassub.
Butler, ^kl3 ndzir.
Butt (mark), ailii nishdneh ; (of a
gun), (jlj-3 konddk.
Butter, sj^kcreh.
Butterfly, *>\jjj parvdneh.
34
VOCABTTLAEY.
Button, dJ^j pulek ; a*Sj dukmeh.
Buy, v., &^.J» hilar eedan ; ±f e\^\
ibtid kardan.
Buyer, j^.j* kJvareeddr ; \jj£~*
mushtery.
By, jl aa; k bd.
C.
Cabbage Jfkalam.
Cabin, jlkl otdk.
Cabinet, *$!$)* doldbcheh.
Cage, vJS kafass.
Cajole, v., ±f \Jo ] y navdzesh kar-
dan.
Cake, J^ komdj ; ^.jtf J^> ndn i
shireen.
Calamity, toil dfat; "&> beld.
Calculate, v., cJ ^/'v r )L«a. hissdb kar-
dan; yJj+Z shumurdan.
Caldron, u&a deeg.
Calendar, mju takveem.
Calf, d\~>y gosdleh.
Caligrapby, ^j-iy^j*. khosh nevees-
see.
Call, v., O i>j-S~\x~o sedd kardan;
jjjjJJ* talabeedan ; (out) i>j ^b
dad zadan; (to account) oi^Ji*
mas'ool kardan.
TOCABULAET.
35
Call, s., \ J-» sedd ; iJJ nedd ; ^b dad ;
eUU bong.
Calm, s., Ai ardm; o^ L sdkat;
^^L. moldyem.
Calm, v., u^ fV or«m kardan;
ijf \zS^L> sdJcet Tcardan.
Calumniate, v., ^.jj o^j tuhmat
zadan; ^y&'si bad guften.
Camel, ^i- shutur. — driver, q^jA
shut-urban.
Camp, j£j\ urdoo.
Camphor, } y>V kdfoor.
Can, s., **y* doolcheh.
Canal, »\j>'\ dbrdh; J Us handl.
Cancel, v., ^f Jkl? baieZ Tcardan.
Cancer, ^Uj^ surtan.
Candid, cJU sdf; JjJw» sadeeh; \J>J^.
bee gharaz.
Candle, £♦£ shani'e.
Candy (sugar), oUi nabdt.
Cane (sugar), J^-*i ney shelcer;
(walking), L»* asd; ±>f$ choob ;
^»,.1«j taaleemi.
Cannibal, j ly. *^1 «da?ra khor.
Cannon, ujy toop.
Cannoneer, j*^y toopchi.
Cannot (it cannot be), *jt~^ neh mi
shavad; o—s* jyC* murrikin neest;
36
VOCABULAET.
(I cannot do), J& f\y+& neh mitd-
ivdnam bekunam.
Canon (rule), ^yls kanoon.
Cap, t^lcola.
Capable, J>U kabil.
Capacious, *~~j vasee'.
Capital (of a county), ois ^V P^
takht.
Cape (headland), acL.5 demdgheh.
3
Caper (jump), j^-o— » just o kheez ;
(plant), jS" Tcdber.
Capitulate, v., ±\a *Jl-J tasleem da-
dan.
> '.
Captious, T y4 lojooj.
Captivate,?;., o^siJ^J* dilroha'i kar-
dan.
>
Captive, j~»\ aseer; u*^s* maliboos ;
(to take) ^fj^A aseer giriftan.
Captivity, J-9 kayd; ^J^sjTgiriftaree.
Caravan, \^kdrawdn; JiU kdfileh;
ijlr 1 ^J^ kdrawdn serai.
Carcass, ^^ lash.
Cards (playing), jjj varak; <u*P gun-
jafeh.
in
Cardboard, \yU mukavd.
ttl
Care, c^*a him-mut; <jj\&k» khabr
ddree; kUa.1 ihtiydt.
VOCABTTLABY.
37
Careful (to be), ^^fLUa.1 ihtiyat
kardan; ^j^l^-i. khdbr ddr shu-
dan.
Careless, kUa*.!^ bee ihtiyat.
Caress, v., ^-^y navdkhtan.
Caress, jli ndz; \J»j\y> navdzish.
Cargo, j U bar.
Carnage, J» katl; ^jjij &j± khoon
reezee.
Carnation (flower), e%° meekhek.
Carnelian, j-Jic akeek.
Carpenter, j U najjdr.
Carpet, -kfgeleem; J^s farsh; ^
Tcdlee.
Carriage, t&j* droshTceh; jOIT ka-
leskeh; (of things), ^ La. hamdlee.
Carrion, ^"i Idsh. — eater, J\y» yi^l
lashkhor.
Carrot, e)j,j zardek; £y>. haveej.
Carry, v., tj> burdan; zjT J^a.
haml kardan.
Cart, i>\f- erdbeh; ^ gdree.
Cartridge, <&£6 fashang.
Carve, v., J±j bureedan.
Cascade, jUujI dbshar.
Case (legal), a*jJu> mukadammeh;
(box, large), jjX^sandook; (sheath),
i_i}U gheldf; (pen case), ^IJ-Js ka-
38
VOCABTJLAEY.
lamddn; (condition), cJU. hdlat;
(in no), **•_)$# be heech vuj'h;
(statement of), JU. <jjs. arz-hdl.
Cash, J& nukd.
Cashier, jb Jj^s tahveel ddr.
Cask, 1--^ peep.
Casket, sJj>xi* sandvk cheh.
Cast, v., jyii.ljJl anddkhtan.
Castle, Asia kala'eh.
Castor oil el^S^cj^ roghan karchek;
i[ft ^jj roghan cherdgh.
Castrate, v., sjT*x»\ akhteh kardan.
Casual, ,j\su\ itifdkee.
Cat, iij'gurbeh.
Catalogue, i=*-^5 fihrist.
Catarrh, -ISj zukdm; &y nazleh.
Catastrophe, "k> fceZ#.
Catch, v.j c r»/' giriftan. — cold,
&3jy» \»j* sermd khurdan; ^J^l*.
chd'idan.
Catchword, ^b pasekh.
Catechise, v., ^^Jlj-j sooaZ kardan.
Cauliflower, JT^lT kalam gul.
Cause (reason), c---. subub; C*U
Cause, v., sJ 'kardan.
Caused, tsfkardeh.
YOCABULARY.
39
Caustic (nitrate of silver), ^t- ^
sang i jehennum.
Cauterise, v., tf-s/'cU dagh kardan.
Caution, ktx=J ihtidt.
Cautious, kU»ll; ha ihtidt.
Cavalcade, j 1^-. «— s dusteh saw dr.
Cavalier (horseman), j\>~» sawdr.
Cavalry, ^j- sawdran.
Cave,jlc ghdr.
Cease, u, &f *-*$y* mowkoof Tear-
dan.
Ceiling, <-&-> sukf.
Celebrated, ^*- mdroof; jj^»
mash-hoor.
Celerity, ^^ chdbukee.
Cellar, &+jf..j zeer zdrneen.
Cement, ^j,j\~> sdrooj.
Cemetery, ^1^5 kabristdn.
Censure, J*jj»> sarzanish.
Cent, jTgraz.
Centipede, \>J\j* hezdrpd.
Centre, ajW« midneh; la~»j vast.
Century, aJUj-» sad sdleh.
Ceremony, uXl taUeef; <Jfc taka-
luf.
Certain, && yakeen; g*° saheehh.
Certainly, Z}\ albetta; <s&"h leld
shah.
40
TOCABULAEY.
Certificate, a«Ij c^^ rezdyet nameh.
Certify, v., ^.sta sjl^i, shehddet liar-
dan.
Chaff (chopped straw), sVk&h.
Chagrin, *£• ghum.
Chain, j^j zanjeer.
Chain, v., ^jT^j zanjeer Tcardan.
Chair, ^J^ sandali.
Chalk, J-a-» Jf gil-i-safeed.
o >
Chamber, tj^- hujreh; jltjl otdk;
*il». khdneh.
Chamois, ^^y. buzkoohee.
Chamomile, a^L bdbooneh.
Chance, oj? bukht; j\u\ itifdk.
Chancery, ail>pj daftar khdneh.
Chandelier, c|^ J^. chehel chirdgh.
Change, jJu taghieer; (money), *$jy»
khoordeh.
Change, v., ydzjJZ taghieerdddan;
cjV u^ avaz kardan; ^J J Jo
badal kardan.
Channel, ^jjsfi mujrd.
Chapel, Os-** musjid.
Chapter, ^U bub ; J-oj fusl.
Character (writing), *-»/-»• harf;
YOCABULABY.
41
(reputation), 3 j\ dbroo; (good),
J.U5Q neekndm; (bad), |.U^» bad-
ndm.
Charcoal, Jlej zughal.
Charge (custody), oiU imanet ; (v.,
(accusation), oj^ shekdyet; c^i
tuhmat; (of soldiery), A** hamleJi.
Charity, J^** muhabat; (alms),
khairdt ; <w.x« sadakat.
Charm (amulet), Uj> du-a.
Chart, *■£»£ nuksheh.
Chase,j&. shekar.
Chase, v., &*/]&> shekar kardan.
Chasm, <-i&i> shekdf.
>\j*
Chaste, ^\<&\ pdkddmen ; y»U» iaTi-
7ier.
Chastise, ^jT^u-uj tanbeeh kardan.
Chastity, ^tae)^ pdkddmeni.
Chat, j&S gzift o goo.
Chattels, »->L-l «sbab ; Li.1 dshiyd ;
JU wiaL
Cheap, ^Ijjl cwzart.
Cheapen, v., a *j&» &))J arzdn kar-
dan.
Cheat, v., ^ab c-o> /areeb dadtan ;
Check, o«jU« memana'at.
Check, -Wbj c^^ wa'e kardan.
42
VOCABTTLAKY.
Checkmate, oL »l- shah mat, or oL
mat.
Checkmate, v., ^^ToUmaifeardan.
Cheek, ~j rukh ; ^> } \s. driz.
Cheer, v., ^ta -sti shad dddan ;
y^L. JW**^i. khosh hdl sdkhtan.
Cheerful, isJUr^i. khosh hdlat;
khandeh roo.
Cheese, ^ paneer.
Cherish, v., ^^ToiUa. hamayet kar-
dan ; o^jJL^ parvareedan.
Cherisher, ^ parvar.
Cherry (white-heart), u-l^T gerdss ;
(morella), j]yi alabaloo.
Chess, jj**> shatranj.
Chessman,^, muhr ; king, »t- shah;
queen,^jjj vazeer; castle, ~y rukh;
bishop, Js» feel ; knight, »-— 1 asp ;
pawn, »^Lj piddeh.
Chest (box), <jjX** sandook; ^IJis
yakhddn ; (breast), <i~-» seeneh.
Chestnut,^ »li shah baloot;(co\oxir) ,
tskjTkorang.
Chew, v., Q^iy? javeedan.
Chicken, a*.j*. joojeh.
Chide, v.j zf^jj~> sarzanish kar-
dan.
Chief, tr-jj rey-iss ; tiLyt buzurg.
VOCABULARY.
43
Chiefly,^ akser; UU ghdliban.
Child,* isi bacha.
Childhood, J^. bachagee.
Chill, \+j» sarmd.
Chilly, ^r» sard ; eLi. khanuk.
Chimney, jX'*)* dood hash.
Chin, aJU. chdneh.
China (country), v& cheen ; (porce-
lain), jj-^ cheenee.
Chintz, o** cheet.
Chisel, aJw! eskeneh.
* This word is used by Persians when
calling for their servants— a remnant of
feudal times.
Choice, oU* 3 ! inthikhab.
Choke, v., ly^Tito. khufeh Tcardan.
Cholera, *1jj vebd.
Choose, v., ^/m^ 5 ' intikhab kar-
dan.
Chosen, «-»i^ muntikhib.
Christ, ^^ c^a* Huzret i Eesd.
Christian, ,jrj~~c- Eesdvl.
Chuckle, *f J^-vJ lubkhund kar-
dan.
Cinder, )y* *s» neemsooz.
Cinnamon, j** j\? darcheeni.
Cipher (secret writing), J>j rumz.
Circle, *jjb ddyereh.
44
VOCABULAEY.
Circulate, v., sf [ J,i>j' gerdesh ~kar-
dan.
Circumspect, j Lla hoshydr.
Circumstance, iz+JS hey '-fee- at.
Cistern, «U chdh; ^Lil t_»l db-ambdr.
Citizen, (^- shahri.
Citadel, d,l a?'gr.
Citron, dJ^U bddrang.
City,j4& shahr.
Civil, w)^ moad-dub.
Civility, u->^1 adwb.
Claim, v-JJ» talab ; »U^1 ida'd.
Claim, v., ^.sjT *U.iWcZa'a Jcardan;
(to Lave a), ^Ij t_-it talab ddsh-
tan.
Claimant, ^J*, muda-ee.
Clamour, tlj farydd.
Clan, 4wll» tdyefeh.
Clandestine, ^^ mukhfee.
Classify, v., ^i/^iL sdfhardan.
Claw, isLa. chang.
Clay, JTsftlL
Clean, db pat.
Clean, v., ^^T e)b pat Tcardan.
Cleanliness, ^/ij^i pdheezegee.
Clear, lJU s#/.
VOCABULABY.
45
Clear-sighted,^-} teez nazar.
Clemency, ^ rahhm.
Clerk, sJ±~jy neveessendeh.
Clever, Jo*lib ddneshmund ; <J>j*\>
bd hoosh.
Climate, \y» vl db o hawd.
Clock, c^L sd-at.
Clockmaker, jLo*!- sd-at sdz.
Clod, -.^ kelookh.
Close, v., c ^~j bustan.
Close (near), vk±j> nazdeek.
Cloth, ojJkL mahoot; (table), »>-
sufra; (saddle),^" Jj* arak geer.
Clothe, v., >yj\-*>i pooshaneedan.
Clothes (clothing), o», rukht ; o^i,
rukhoot ; u-U lebdss ; (bed), c>i.j
^jlji. rukht-i-khdb.
Cloud, j>\ abr.
Clove (spice), <&&* meekhek.
Clover, &&■ yungia.
Club (stick), jU* chomdk ; — to-
gether, ^jfiii'!^ slierdket kardan.
Coal, eL- Jlfcj swgrfral i sang ; (char-
coal), J^J zughdl.
Coarse, o^>> drusht.
Coast, ij\£~kindreh.
Coat, ^ fcafca.
46
Cobweb, &y fr wpvdeK atikeboot.
Cock (bird), u-j> ^ oos 5 ^'^
sheer; (gun), jU* cWmai
Coffee, j^5 kahveh.
Coffin, c^ taboo*.
Coil, ^i yeecfc.
Coin, ^- sikkeh.
Coin, *., ^J & "»* zadan ' „
Cold, *., V soma"; (rheum), fi
zulidm; *j> nuzleh.
Cold, adj., Aj* sard.
Colic, gi peecli.
ham
YOCA.BTJLABY.
Colleague, &?j rafeeh ; *~** r*
w/iwisub.
Collect, *., o^/e^ ' W fcordan -
College, i-,J- medresseh.
Colonel, bLv- sarfcong. Lieut.-
colonel, eUr- w*« »uw?> sarhang.
Colour, «&, rang.
Colour, v., *>f&j rang hardan, or
i\ &j rang zadan.
Colt, tfMrreh.
Column, a j~ setoon.
Comb, *3^ shtineh.
Combat, \?& dawa.
Come, v., o^ amadan.
VOCABULABY.
47
Come, imp., Lj lee-ah.
>
Comet, j\& f* ij\z-> stdreh dum ddr.
Comfort (consolation), JLj tessald ;
(ease), o»]j rdhat.
Comfort, v., o*f L ^ tessald lardan.
Comical, ds-** muz- hik.
Coming (future), *J±>.\ dyendeh. —
and going, >x- tx»\ drnad o shud.
Command, ^ hukm; J^>J fermdn ;
•J dmr.
Command, v., ^r-J fermoodan ;
^ata ^>J> ferman dddan.
Commander, sJoL/ fermdndeh.
Commend, v., c ,^T«-ai / aJ ta'areefkar-
dan.
Commendation, *-»*/« ta'areef.
Commerce, c^U: tejdret.
Common (universal), ^y& emoo-
mee; (plenty), ^J feravdn.
Commotion, \zS^- harakat.
Communicate, v., ^J j\&>\ iz'har
kardan.
Companion, jjj rafeeh; il^ ham
rah.
Company, u-W* mijliss ; (soldiers),
JutjJ' goroohdn.
Comparatively, U~J nisbetan.
VOCABULARY.
«o YOCAiJU-LAiix.
Compare, •, <fif 'A»U ^rMbdek I Competence, M****
kardan.
Compass, U3 aL5 kibleh nemdh.
Compassion, &£• meru-at ; fj
rahm.
Compassionate, ^j rahman ; s-*^
-», sahib rahm; &3j* ^ ba me-
ruat.
Compatible, u— U mwnassib.
Compel, v., oi,j\ j3) *oor awardan.
Compensate, a *f j^ - tel«/i fcardan-
^\* J>^ avaz dadan.
ompe
lafi.
Competent, Ji$ la'ik.
Complacent, Jj^y. khdshdil.
Complain, «., *•>/ *>&> shekayat
kardan ; ^ nalidan.
Complainer, ^^^ shakee. ^
Complaint, o>J& shekdyet; X gel-
leh; *\>Jferyad.
Complaisance, J>y» ^ dilkhdshi.
Complete, r U tamdm.
Complete, v., &f ^ * a ™"~™ kai "
dan.
aaiv,
.-. , Complex, &j> & peech der peech
Compensation, J>f avaz; ^ te- | ^ f .^ > ^ mnMUt i roo .
I Complexion,/; *, rang i roo.
VOCABTJLAET.
49
Compliance, cwUj rezdyet.
Complicate, sf ***# peecheedeh
Icardan.
Complication, Jj^gi peechedigee.
Compliment, lj&S tekalluf ; j.^-.
saldm ; e>~# tahhniet.
Compliment, v., O ^o~4> tahhniet
Icardan; ^ata j»^-» saldm da dan ;
&*jj\ W*. <-^' takaluf be jd dwar-
dan.
Comply, v., ^ ^j rdzi shudan ;
^•JjTJ^J Icabool Icardan.
Compose, ^f^-Sj> tarkeeb Icardan ;
(a difference), ^•aU ^> selahh
dddan.
m >
Composer, C ii** musannif.
Comprehend, v., J~+& fahmeedan ;
yzjT^^ji dar ydfi Icardan,
Compromise, &J\** musdlihheh.
Compromise, v., ^j^aJlo. musdlih-
heh Icardan.
Compulsion, ^ } zoor ; j*> jubr.
Compunction, i-s-Ij ta-asuf.
Conceal, v., o'ifo^H penhdn Icardan.
Concede, v., &*\* «jW-l ijdzeh dddan.
Conceited, jjju maghroor.
Concern, ^\i *s^ ildlceh ddshtan;
^xib J»^ dukhl ddshtan.
Concession, *jM ijazeh.
50
VOCABTJLAET.
Conciliate, v,^/^ 5 *^^^^
dan; ^f^j Bdzilardan.
Concise, j^^ muUasser.
Conclude, w ., ^/fU tomam tor
e,^^ fe/iatm feardaw.
Conclusion, ^ Ma*™ ; >1 fl^er-
Concubine, ***-> seegheh.
Concur, «., ^ J* V movafihsJiv^m.
Condemn, »., ^ ^ (^ ^
seyasset dddan.
Condition, JW Ml* c^ ^ let '
J^\ aliwal; i*f bay fiV et; &
imfe; (stipulation), V shurt.
Conditional, ^ ba s7iuri.
Conduct, j^j ra/tar.
Conduct, v., 0*1 bfirdan,; (lead, as
troops), ^kesheedan.
Conductor, LJ t\j rah nema. j
Confer (discuss), v., a/v^Jl£
sooal o jawab Tcardan; *S^*~
moUlemeh lardan; (give), ^^.
luhhsheedan ; a *\* dddan.
Confess, v., ^fjjb «»* torda^.
Confession,^ *™r; u*1^1 t'tara/.
Confide, «., 0*/^ b^»" feardarl;
d ^T,iUfr\ itimad Tcovrdan.
Confidence, -sUp! itimad.
V0CABT7LAET.
51
Confine (imprison), v., cJ ^T' Lr -a. hubs
kardan ; ^J^jjj bund kardan.
Confirm (investigate), v., ^sjT £<&£
tahhkeek kardan ; (strengthen),
^j\jj \jpaidar kardan; (certify),
jj.jjTj^juw tasdeek kardan.
Confiscate, v., i>jf)*~<> zubt kardan.
Conflict, el-La. jung ; ^ji. j jj zad o
khurd.
Confound, v., gdj *«y bar hum zadan;
^jjy evjLc" makhloot kardan.
Confuse, v., j^U y\£±ji perishdn
sdkhtan ; $$f yii^J tashveesh
kardan.
Confused, J*jZ+ mushavash; y^i*
mustarib.
Confusion, ol^kil istirdb.
Confute, v., iJ~^>\ja.)l Idjawdb kar-
dan.
Congratulate, v., ^y^iLfJU mobarek
bad guftan; *f ^~ ;~ $ tuhniet
kardan.
Congratulation, ^.slTjL. mobarek
bddi ; ts- ytf tuhyiiet.
Conjugate, v., ^j^ *+*.jam' shudan.
Conjecture, \£ gemdn ; J& zun.
Conjecture, v., ^sf yU'gemdn kar-
dan.
Conjurer, jb «3* hokkeh bdz.
YOCABTJLAEY.
52
Connect, v., ^jH payvastan; J-y
,sU i"usl dadan.
Connivance, ^jj ^ •*«*» 3300.
she ; u*^ ighmaz.
Connive, «., tt *** r^ desta ^ 00 '
•Mdofi; ^/^UWfffcnwa fcarda*.
Connoisseur, u-^ s7reria " ss (with
the requisite substantive before it
as asp-shenass, a connoisseur of
hoi'ses).
Conquer, v., *>/# M™ kardan.
Conscious, fV\ agah.
Consecutive, ^^ W ^ ^ J
Uti, nedee/j i3*l*j rea«o/et.
Consent, Jy* kabooU} ^Su L, reas«
■mwidi.
Consent, v., o^ i*4 **» 57lMdcm ;
e^/M** kalool kardan.
Consequence, afr 5 nateejeh ; *>jA
dkherat.
Consider, v., o*// 5 &? £"*£'"
^zjTuM** motale-eh kardan; &**&*
sanjeedan.
Consideration (thoughts), >5 .prj
^s tafdkur; (importance), jU»\
Consign (give in charge), ^- su-
purdam>.
VOCABULARY.
murakib shudan.
53
Consist,^, ^Ji
Console,^., ^^S^JLm tussald kardan
Conspicuous, J&>\ ashkdr.
Conspiracy, u-jL sdzish; jWl itifdk;
^ai' ta'ahood.
Constancy, Uj ve/«.
Constant,^ U 5 vefd dar; jIj day em;
J-c mutassil.
w
Constantly, JLj3N.Jp aZa eZ itissal ;
&Z~*jb hamoesheh.
Consternation, (J^«» hayrdni.
Construct, &&.L* sdkhtan.
Consult, v., sf
kardan.
CJ
'jiT*"
wiashvarat
Consume, v., ^.s^Tt-i,* sarf kardan.
Contact, JUjI itissdl.
Contain, v., gs&ld ddshtan.
Contaminate, v., ^^T^-ai nejess kar-
dan.
Contemptible, j-fia. hakeer.
Content (satisfaction), ojU, rezdyet:
Contest, -taW mujadileli.
Continual, .»»> » hameesheh'ee.
Continue (remain), v., ^JoL manddn.
Contraband, *y** wwwnoo' ; A*
ha/ram.
54
VOCABULAET.
Contract, Ask Is* mukati-eh ; \ojZ>
shurt ; J^fr ahd.
Contract, v., ^tf A*kl<u mukatieh
kardan ; c ^-j ^J^ shurt bustan ;
ysjTj^c. ahd kardan.
Contradict, c fsS^ u Js-j bur aks guftan.
Contrary, «-i^U. khelaf.
Contrivance, ^Jj' tadbeer.
Convention, ^b^|/ kerdr dud.
Conversation, o-sf suh but; aJ£»
mukalimeh ; jS&fguft o goo ; MJJ9-
J 1 ^ j jaivab ve soo-al.
Converse, v., &&\& o^ suhbut dash'
tan ; O ^^^gufto goo kardan ;
*f \J\y* j J1_j-i jawdb ve sooal
kardan.
Convert (to change), v., ^jJta^f
gerddneedan ; &*f u»j* avaz
kardan.
Convert, a., Jo j*. jedeed.
Convey, v., ^^ burdan ; ^J^L;
Cook, j-il ashpuz: ~U» tub-bdkh.
Cook, i;., c ^sJ jpilkhtan ; ^J' _>1»
tubkh kardan ; (to boil), ^Jji, ^A
db-puz kardan; (to broil), sjf~s«
T0CABU1AEY.
55
surlch Mr dan; (to roast), & *f\^\f
kebab kardan.
Cool, eU. Ichonuk.
Cool (from anger), v., ^oi oS"li
s#&e£ shudan.
Coop (for fowls), u-is fco/ass.
Copious, oly »M/ad ,• ^J,]^ faravdn.
Copper, ,j«. miss.
Coppersmith, /*, missger.
Copy, ■*!*■ saAJOdd; &jy* soorat.
Coquet, «., c ,^/jl5 waz kardan.
Coral, ^lay* murjdn.
Cord, jyL-M^ reessmdn.
Corn, ale ghileh; (wheat), ^OuT^un-
doom; (barley), y* jo. — field,
A^y* muzra'a.
Corner, i^fgoosheh ; pfkunj.
Corporal, ^l ,* dah bdshi.
Corpse, s*j* murdeh; ^ Idsh.
Correct, g=-> sahheehh ; o--,^ drust.
Correct, v., *f ^S tass-heehh
kardan; *f^z~,j* drust kardan.
Correspond (by letter), v., ^h ajK.
mukdtibehddshtan; (agree), jjlk,
&j> motdbik budan.
Corrupt, JO--JJ poossideh ; sju Jcf
56
VOCABTJLAEY.
Corrupt, v., &J*»>yi poosidan ; $ Ji^xa
gandeedan.
Cost, o^i kaimat.
Cost, v., ^^ib o^» kaimat ddshtan.
Contemporary, oij«« ham vukt.
Cotton, *~jpuribeh.
Couch (sofa), oi*** 5 neemtakht.
Cough, as^-j surfeh.
Cough, v., *jf iij~> surfeh kardan.
Council, *\jy* u-V° mejlis shorn.
Counsel, c^j**^ nasseehat ; c^yu
mushverat ; (to take), ^^Tc^yL*
mus7it'era£ kardan ; (to advise),
g.ita o* -1 nasseehat dadan.
Count, v., &*/*£> shumurdan.
Count, d J^vl— a. hissdb kardan.
Countenance, ^ roo.
Counterfeit, t-Js t-uZb.
Counterfeit, to, (money), c i>j
kulb zadan ; (persons), *f jJ#
takleed kardan.
Country, oj^Ij veldyet.
Countryman, ^^j veldyeti.
Couplet, ii~rJ bayt.
Courage, o^V*' shujd'at.
Courageous, cUA shujd ; ^J^ daleer.
Courier, j UU. chdpdr.
Course, ^Ij^ mayddn ; (race),
^jljj l_~» 1 jjjl j*« mayddn asp devdni.
VOCABTTLABY.
57
Court (palace), j\, z darbdr ; (quad-
rangle), dL hay at.
Courteous, eJ^L, jly. Jchosh selook ;
»-j>>j-° moaddub.
Courtesy, i-j.il adafc.
Courtier, cjI£ ^"kc muldzim i rehab.
Cousin (through paternal uncle),
i*\jj+s. amoozddeh ; (through pa-
Ml
ternal aunt), s*\j i+e- amehzddeh;
(through maternal uncle), s^j)U.
khdloozddeh ; (through maternal
aunt), t*\j aJU. Jchdlehzddeh.
Covenant, J*c ahd.
Cover, s., yi^ poosh.
Cover, v., <xZy f poosheedan.
Covet, v., ^b ^J, tama ddshtan.
Covetous, dj» tama'.
Cow, j)V gdv.
Coward, ^li ndmard.
Cowardice, ^j^k ndmardi.
Coxcomb, eliii Tcashang.
Crab, cs^^i. kharchang.
Crack, i_jl& shelcdf.
Crack (split), v., ^K^, shekdftan.
Cradle, t^^galivdreh; y3 wano.
Craft (fraud), aU. heeleh.
Crane (bird), l^a durnd.
58
YOCABULABY.
Crawl, v., ^j \j) o-J j^ chehdr
dust o pa raftan.
Crazy, ajI^-s deetdneh.
Cream, ^^- sar i sheer.
Crease, Is ta.
Create, v., ^J*/! dfreedan.
Created, tJi/\ afreedeh.
Creator, tfj\ afreen ; jlU. khalik.
Credit, o*/* hurmet ; J^-\ itibar ;
(promise to pay), <w nassee-eh.
Credit (to believe), v., &2>h *\z&\
itikdd dashtan; (to confide), .>L»1
yjiiib itimad dashtan.
Crescent, J^U 7*,gZaJ.
Cress (water), jyVL balakooty.
Crier (public), ^W- jdrchi.
Crime, s\Sgonah.
Criminal, _ r a&« mokasser.
Crimson, j*J kirmiz.
Crocodile, cl^j naheng.
Crook (shepherd's stick), <stykajak.
Crook-backed, oi^ jy ftooz pusht.
Crooked, S'kej ; *i. khum.
Cross, —U. khaj ; u .L saleeb.
Crow, clj z«£f7i.
Crowd, f»l*.ijl izdiham.
Crown, -Ij t«j.
V0CABT7LAEY.
59
Crucify, v., &*? ^*;W chehar meekh
kardan.
Cruel, ^*j bee rahm ; &xr*r> bee
merooat.
Crush, v., ^j^TaJ leh Jcardan.
Cry (weep), v., zf *f giryeh Tear.
dan; (call), if\x<, sed« harden.
Cry, «., z\p feryad ; sm na'areh.
Crystal,^ feaZoor.
Cubit, c,j zar.
Cucumber, jU k7u<m
Cue (hint), tj\i,\ ishdreh.
Cuff (blow), o-i- mwsta ; (of sleeve),
u^-ir - sar-i-dsteen.
Cuirass, r,j zereft.
Culminate, v., a Juw, \#i\> be intiha
raseedan.
Hi
Culprit, ^ai. mulcussar ; jfclf gondii
Tear.
Cultivate, v., ^f^s^Xjj zard'at kar-
dan.
Cultivation, jtf izZTkeshteh kdr.
Cunning, J( aU. heeleh kdr.
Cup, A\-j pialeh ; [£> finjan ; _jjs
kadahh; a— ^ kdsseh.
Cupola, ±J? gunbad.
Hi
Curator, ^^z* mutaval-li.
Curds (and whey), sj^ doo^Ti.
60
VOCABULARY.
Cure, -.^U ildj ; »,l*. char eh.
Cure, v., sf~~Sks- ildj kardan ; »,l>.
^sfchareh kardan.
Curl, «-i!j zw ^/-
Currency, -.1^, rowaj.
Current (money), ^}j rdyej.
Curry (horse), v., ^fj\^j teemdr
kardan.
Currycomb, jls kasho.
Curse, o^jJ la'anat.
Curse, ^Jjfet-^J la'anat kardan.
Cursed, &y&+ mal'oon.
Curtain, 5^ purdeh.
Cushion, ^^ bdlesh ; £U mutakka ;
Ml
jAi" mukhaddeh.
Custom, —j, russm ; sJ^ls kd'ddeh.
' 1 CI
Customs, &jS gumruk.
Customs' house, ail* d^ gumruk
khdneh.
Cut, v., ^Jj^ bureedan; ^J^]/ fer«-
Cut, sjo^ bureedeh; sj^i.]/ terdshee-
deh.
Cutlass, ^-~.».ii sham-sheer.
Cylinder, aJ_j! looleh.
Cymbal, jy±~> suntoor.
Cypress, j^-. surv.
VOCABULARY.
61
D.
Dagger,^* khanjar.
Daily, j*j> jj^ rooz be rooz.
Dale, sjt der-reh.
Damage, Jr b zarar ; «_~say&; c^L-i.
khessdrat.
Damage, v., jjL,jjj^ zarar resdni-
dan; ^sf^s. ayb kardan.
Damascus, «l£ shdm.
Damp, s., ojj1»j retoobut ; J nwm.
Damp, adj., jv^j retoobuti; jIj^J
numddr ; JJ turr.
Damp, v., ^1 J~*i num dadan;
j^lov numdaslitan; y±fj turr
kardan.
Dance, ^j£j rukss.
Dance, u, ^J^, ruksseedan.
m
Dancer, ^Isj ruhdss.
Dandelion (taraxacum), ^Vkdssnee.
Danger,^, khattar ; i-Jy» kJiof.
Dangerous, dli Jai. khattarndk.
Dare, v., ^^0,1—a. jessdrat kardan.
Dark, <siy\) tdreek.
Darkness, ^Jx tdreekee.
Darling, l_>j-** mahboob.
Darn, v., ^J'yj rafoo kardan.
Dart, tjJ teereh*
62
VOCABTTLABY.
Dash (together), v., v*j~v bdhwn
zadan.
Date (of time), gfi tareekh; (fruit),
l^i khurma.
Daughter, j*** dokhter.
Dauntless, bJU^j bee laic.
Dawn, ^\J-^ bamdad.
Day, jjj rooz ; pi ydm ; (Friday),
£j* juma'a ; (Saturday), ^
shunbeh; (Sunday), -~i£ y<*
shunbeh; (Monday), *-**•> do
shunbeh; (Tuesday), *-**- s « 71
siiMibeh; (Wednesday), <*~ijW
cte?w sTiurabeTt ; (Thursday),
^i jocmj s7mnbe/i.
— of
Judgment, 1=**^ J3j roozi kiamet.
— and nighty j L--i s/iwb ve rooz.
— by day, jjyi jjj rooz be rooz.
Every — Jjj;^ hur rooz. To-day,
j 3r \ imrooz. — hook, eb-.» das-
tafe ; **bjsj rooznameh.
Dead, tt>j* murdeh.
Deadly, eV muhlik ; s^^kushen-
deh.
Deaf, jT fear.
Deaf (to be), v., *y. fkar boodan ;
(to become), C M fkar shudan.,
VOCABULAEY.
63
Deal (quantity), j Jl kudr ; (a great),
jL*j bisydr.
Deal, v., ^^i *«— «j talcseem Tcardan.
Dealer (trader), J^\^ sodager.
Dear (expensive), \fgerdn; (affec-
tionate),^^ azeez.
Death, d^ mcwv/ ; oj< mot.
Debt, \j>J Jcarz.
Debtor, jU^^S karzddr.
Deceased, *y*j+ marhoom.
Deceit, ^ ghubn.
Deceive, v., ^y a jJu maghboon
Tcardan
Decency, ^fs~>\2> shdyestegee.
Decide, v., ^z SL hukm dddan.
Decision, SL hukm.
1 o
Declaration, -yi shurhh; ^s-\ i'ldn;
^Lj biydn.
Declare, v., c p5'_ r i shurhh guftdn ;
jb ^^Ul t7«u dddan ; ^sj \^
biydn kardan.
Declivity, yjj.)^ sar-a-zeeree.
Decorate, v., ^^-^I drdstan.
Decrease, ^tfS'kam kardan.
Decree, ^5^9 fetva.
Decrepit, ~is«-» zaeef.
Deduce, v., ^j}]/- ^ ar awardan.
Deduct, r., ±f S'kam kardan.
64
VOCABULARY.
Deed, &- sanad ; o* 3 " hujjet ; ~~
(of sale), *»W> kebdleh. Title — J^
bonchdk.
Deep, ^ god ; ,>** ameek.
Deer, y»l <x7ioo.
Defamation, ^j.. ladndmee.
Defame, v., ^/f U ^ bad^zm feardaw.
Defeat, o— £i shakast.
Defeat, u, g^b 0-&- shakast dddan.
Defeated, *•>,> c*-** shakast khur-
deh.
Defect, l-~* ai/b.
Defective, <j*^> ndkiss.
Defend, ^Al-a »& negah ddshtan.
Defendant, *J1 J-±* mudda'i aleyhi.
Defer, v., eyS-tol #>*" ta'areefc a»-
dafc Titan.
Deference, c-/ hurmut.
Deficiency, ^>« nuksdn.
Defile, v., o^/^ »w»i«s kwdan;
^o-Tdl^ ndpdk kardan.
Defile (passage), *&> tengeh.
Defiled, ^ najas.
Defilement, i=~A* tvajdsat ; JW
ndpdkee.
Definite, ^Is fcate' ; £r> sareeh.
Degree, a»,^ derejeh.
| Delay, ^ deeri.
TOCABULAEY.
65
Delay, v. 5C) ^r^o.lj ta'kheer Tcardan ;
eJ-iiO" 3 deer Jcardan.
Deliberate, tLa».l I ba ihtidt.
Deliberate, v., *f fi filer Tcardan;
±j> o,^!* mashverat kardan.
Delicacy, J^\i nazuki ; ir-ilid litafat.
Delicate, d,li ndzuk ; v-a.Wl Za£ee/.
Deligbt, k^ few*;; ^b shddee ;
^Ui-ji. hhosh hdli.
Delight, v., C ^L Jl^y. fc7i5s7i fossZ
sdkhtan.
>
Delighted,^—, masroor.
Delightful, -ju mufarrah ; liX) j diZ
goghd.
Delirious, ^Ij* hezydn.
Deliver (to give), v., *h r JLj fo*.
leemdddan; (to liberate), ^a/ahl
azid hardan; ^ata oli wejJt
dddan; ±jTyj,\> khelass Jcardan.
Deliverance, oUs' nejdt.
Deluge, e)^ £o/#n,.
Demand, v., ,^>\y- khastan ; ^J-Jk
talabeedan.
Demand, s., ytaly. khdhesh ; ^J»
taZa&.
Demolish, ^^/"(-j 1 ^ khardb hardan.
Demon, &*■ jin.
Den,jli ghar ; *>*) Idnek.
66
YGCABTJLABY.
Denial, j Vol inhdr.
Dense, kj£ ghaleez.
Deny, v., sfJ6i\ inkar hardan.
Depart, v., &*j rqftan ; a if ^f
hooch hardan.
Departure, ~y hooch; <zSj*- harahat.
Depend, v., ^y <i^~j busteh boodan;
^y jlacx* muta'alah boodan.
Depopulate, *f &\jj vayran har-
dan.
Deposit, ojM amdnat.
Deposit, v., ^UrooLl amdnat gu-
zasktan.
Depredate, ^J o,l* ghdrat hardan.
Depth, ^sjfgodee; J*c- umh.
Descend,v., ^J^l ^J^pdyeenamadan.
Describe, v., ^jT^L^ baydn hardan;
gzid J^-aaJ tafseel guftan.
Description, ^Lj ba.ydn; J~a£ taf-
seel.
Desert, ^Lj bee dbdn; <j^i dasht ;
\jsr° sahrd.
Desert, v., ^\J^guzdshtan; ^f^J
tarh hardan ; (military), otfjl?
ferdr hardan.
Deserter (military), ^J\j ferdri.
Deserve, v., ^^ jO** mustahdh
boodan.
VOCABTTLABY.
67
Design (intention), ss\j\ irddeh ;
3f*h>wa~ksood; (sketch), *£& nuk-
sheh.
Desire, y^\ drzoo ; J^y- khdhesh.
Desirous, Jvi*£*l_ji. khuhesh mund ;
ijLJLe mushtdk.
Destroy, v., ^^f \f\j* khardb kar-
dan.
Destruction, (jjl^ khardbee.
Detach, v., ^j^TIjo. judd kardan.
Detail, J^tf tafseel.
Detain, v., ,jz^\3 »Ki negah dashtan.
Detest, v., ,jJ^! Jo bad dmadan.
Devil, ^IW.- shaitdn.
Devise, v., ^&J^Sa tadbeer kard.an.
Devoid, ^U. khdli.
Devote, v., { ^,\_f J \j Tcerar guzashtan;
&&£ <j\jj3 korbani kardan.
Devoted, jj^u mutassadik ; (your
devoted), Li ^J* faddvi shuma.
Devotee, s., c^-Ju* mukaddass ; l_— ,'~~,
muta'assib.
Devotion, c^Le ibddat.
Dew, J c_~i shub num.
Dexterous, jl-X kar sdz.
Dialogue, ol^j Jlj- soodl vejaivab;
y^stTguft o goo.
Diamond, y-Ul almass.
68
VOCABTTLABY.
ul
Diarrhoea, Jl*J iss-hal; ^jj Sz>
sheTcem ravish.
Diary, a*^ roozndmeh.
Dice )V $* muhr.
Dictionary, u>»J loghut.
Die, v., a M oji fot shudan; $*j*
murdan.
Diet, v., ifj^jj parheez kardan.
Differ, v., tf&\& jj farlc ddshtan ;
c ^- > b cjjIw tefdvut ddshtan.
Difference, jjs /<xr A;; ojUj tefdvut;
t_»^i»l ikhtilaf.
Different, 1j^ judd; »J^^c alahe-
deh ; jtp gheir.
Difficult, J££* mushkil ; j\fZt* dosh-
vdr.
Diffidence, a*Jj vahemeh.
Dig, v., Jj^Tcandan.
Digest, v., ^j Ji^j' tahleel raftan.
Dignified, ^ISjl ba vekdr.
Dignify, v., ^L t-J^ musharaf
sdkhtan.
Dignity, jl»j vekdr ; a li» shd'an.
o >
Dilatory, v^ — . sust ; J~j tunbul.
Diligence, * 1*2*1 ihtimdm.
Dilute, v., c) j/' ^Is fca£t kardan;
±J'] ^s* makhloot kardan.
Dim,^b tar.
VOCABULARY.
69
Dimension, i^-U' kidss ; ^IaIo mikddr.
Diminish, v., ±jT £ Team kardan ;
O zf*\>^koota kardan.
Dine, v., &Sjy* *& sham khurdan.
Dinner, -li. sham.
Dip, v., tfsfjj* ghurh Tcardan.
Direct, o-»^ rdst; ~ ? - ~- ~-<> mustakeem.
Direct, v., ^if A\jit\j rdhnama'i
Tcardan.
Directly (straight), ^^—c Ui,^ dar
Tchut-i mustakeem.
Dirt, u>6\~S~kesafat ; jfj* chirkee.
Dirty, U^fkeseef ; d^. chirk.
Dirty, v., sf \j^ keseef kardan ;
yjji^d^. chirk kardan.
Disagree, v., ^b (_i^bi.l ikhtildf
ddshtan.
Disallow, v., ^J^> J^5 Jcdbool ne
kardan.
Disappear, v., ^Ji Jja-i* mafkoot
shudan.
Disappoint, v., &f±#>\ li na omeed
kardan.
Disapprobation, ^J^~j U na jpassan-
dee.
Disaster, o»1 afat; ^ held.
Disbelieve, v., ^J^ j^. haver ne
kardan.
70
YOCABULABY.
Discernment, jUxJ imtidz.
Discharge, 1;., a S\& o^a. jawab da-
dan ; C ^J> ^iy* murakhas kar-
dan ; ^j^j^ beyroon kardan.
Discharge, s., ^^j* murakhassi.
Disciple, *>/\i shdgird; Jo^ mureed.
Discipline, ^Ikal intizdm ; Ji3 wuzra.
Discipline, v., ^.sta ,.1*3 wmw dddan ;
uji/o-iji tarbidt kardan.
Disclose, -y., ^.^f^l^l iz-hdr kardan.
Discomposure, ujl^uil izterab ; t^-la-j
vahhshat; ij^jjperishdni; jh**.
Disconcert, ^L tj^Li* muzterib
sdklitan.
Discontent, cwU,U w« rezdyet.
Discover, v., & &f\j&.\ ikhtird kardan.
Discourse, jkJ nutk ; olki. khetdb.
Discourteous, ^1<j_ foe a<2ct&.
Disease, ^^ maraz ; ^ji-li n« fe7io-
s7u ; i^j dartZ.
Disgrace, Jl^ rissvdee.
Disgrace,!'., ^j/Ij-, rissoa kardan;
o^sljk ti &ee aferoo kardan.
Disguise,!'., ^/^U Jjjuj tabdeel-i-
lebdss kardan.
Disgust, o^ ?i(/rai.
YOCABULAEY.
71
Dishjoliio boshkdb ; ^Jji zdrf.
Dishonour. See Disgrace.
Dislike, v., ^ J^ pasand ne
kardan.
Dislocate, v., ^f ^~i fuskh kardan.
Disloyal »\f» esUi nemelc hardrri; U^j
bee vefd ; ^-klxdyen.
Disloyalty, ^j*- KiU5 nemak hardmi;
(ojUi. klviydnat.
Dismal, eJUJ^ft, Mlndk.
Dismay, v., ^JujLj^ tarsdneedan.
Dismiss, v., ^^f <j^v* muraklias
kardan; yzjT^j*] ikhrdj kardan.
Dismissed, sJC, <jx»j* muraklias sliu-
deh.
Dismount, v. act., ^o^ s^Ij piddeh
shudan.
Dismount, v. pass., ^^fuLi piddeh
kardan.
Disobedience, jUy li na farmdni ;
L5 £ftlt1 b" na ita'ati.
Disobedient, <^s-%\ j bee itd-at ;
aJa^jJi gheyr i mutee.
Disorder, j&jj^j tashveesh ; { J!~>.j u-i
puss o peeshee.
Dispatch, v., sJ~ ii\jj rawdneh kar-
dan ; jjj^U-^ feristadan.
Dispensary, <uU. \j* daivd khdneh.
Disperse, v., ^^b pdsheedan;
^sfjuiii pakhsh kardan.
72
VOCABULARY.
Displease, v., ^Jj*! jiy. fc7ios7i ne
amadan; (vex) ^U jft^ ranjesh
dddan.
Displeasure, Jj ranj.
Disposition, (temper), _Jj* mizdj ;
oJU. hdlat.
Disposition (arrangement), t-~jy
tarteeb *u>j vuz'e.
iy\sY>ossess,v.,^jZ.\ji.\iJchrdjlcardan.
Dispute, clji neza; J-s j JU &«Z o
fcai/Z.
Dispute, v., ^J^y neza kardan.
Disrespect, (S »]/»-\ ^ bee ihterdmi.
Distance, toiL* musdfat; A*\s fds-
sileh.
Distant, j3 J door ; Juw ba'eed.
Distinct, -»lj vdzehh.
Distinguish, v., tf a j j^ tameez dd-
dan.
Distress, \->\)a*>\ izterab ; *^% feld-
hat; Ji^jj jperishanee.
Distress, v., *f ^li^ perishdn
kardan ; ^jT^JaJn muzterib kar-
dan.
Distribute, v.. zfj>J3 tafreek kar-
dan ; ^$j> *s-«o takseem kardan.
Distribution, i^~«— I kismat ; «e-&5
takseem ; Jif3 tafreek.
VOCABULARY.
73
District, ew^j velayet; <^**£L. hekoo-
■mat.
Disturbance, s^fitneh ; ^^ aslioo-
bi ; \i-y- g hog ha.
Disturb, v. (moral), ^f o~^A P e ~
rishdn Jcardan ; ^s>J J^.y^> tash-
veeshkardan; (physical), o^».U.jl
^j<i az jd hardkat dddan.
Disunion, JfljS ferak ; ^s*- juddee.
Ditch (of a town), JJ^* khandak ;
(in a field), ujI »], rah db ; jj i-j1 ab-
ro ; j4 nahr.
Ditto, Lajl ayzan ; ^ neez ; **> hum.
Divan, o£*^ neem takht; \^SJ?
neemkat.
Dive, v., £*j»> £>£■ ghooteh khur-
dan.
Divers, ^^m ba'azi ; J^ chand.
Diverse, jjz* mutafarek; &y^f
goonagoon.
Diversion, 1-i.Uj' tamdshd ; —J3 ta-
faruj ; oiU-» ziafat.
Divert, v. (please), ^L^jy— > mas-
roor sdkhtan ; (turn off") .*^tf
garddnidan.
Divide, v., ^j? *~~x* takseem kar-
dan.
74
Dividend, ow Itismat.
Divine, ^AJI ill alii ; ^si. khoddee.
Divorce, jWo teldk.
Divorce, v., ^b j^k faZafe dadan.
Divulge, v., &*fj\j>} ibrdz kardan.
L
Dizzy, ptS'geech.
Do, v., *J^ kardan; (make),
sdkhtan.
Doctor (medicine), k-~-J» tabeeb ;
(learned man), **£* hakeem; lib
da?i« ; (of laws), J^s* mujtahed.
Document, Js-^fkaghaz ; >xu- sanad.
Dog, eL- sa^f ; (greyhound), ^jli
TOCABULAET.
tdzee ; (sporting), ^^> tooleh ;
(puppy), <sL»a3ji> tooleh sag « eU^.
Dog-star, \jjs£> she* tree.
Doll, ^Lijj/s aroossek.
Dome, -xS gunbud.
Domestic (servant), j£y noker ; (not
wild), ,_/iili- khdnegee.
Dominion, o~bL< sultanat.
Donation, J^£- bakhshesh ; J*il
Donkey, cYl oZafc ; J* khur.
Door,^^ dur.
Doorkeeper, \>jt durbdn.
VOCABULARY.
75
Dormitory, *fc <->^y» Tchdbgah.
Dot, alaiii nuTcteh.
Double (twice), tj\i)*dobareh; (folcU,
Vo dolah.
Double (letter of alphabet), J^Juiilj
ba tashdeed.
Double-faced,^ j* do roo.
Double-tongued, ^jj^ l_-^.U sahib
do zebdn.
Double, v., &*f^ td Icardan; *jT)lji
dold Icardan.
Doubt, a~i shubheh; tsli sliak.
Doubt v., ^\^ s^ shubheh dash-
tan; y^ib eLi s7*afc dashtan ;
j^xil JJLTgemaw dashtan.
Doubtless, (sli ^ bee s7iafc.
Dove, l^s Mmree; (ring), &f\ ]/ a
fcereera.
Dough, ^*i. khameer.
Dower, »^o mihreh.
Down (below), ycb pdeen; (on chin),
sj~- subzeh.
Down fallen, *jt»l vftddeh.
Downhill, jL)\r> sarazeer.
Doze, v., g&j c^a. churt zadan.
Drag, v., ^J^S'Tcasheedan.
Dragon, U^jl izhdihd.
Draper, )\jt bazaz.
Draught, ^ bad.
Draw (to drag), ^sJS'kasheedan ;
(sketch), ±~^ && nuksheh ka-
sheedan.
Dread, \j*J tarss.
Dream, Lj\ji- ktidb.
Dress, u-lJ lebdss ; dby, poshdk.
Dried, g^Telii. khushk harden.
VOCABULARY.
Dropsy,
Drill,
..ila
mashh dddan.
Drink, v , ^J^y nusheedan (khur-
dan, 'to eat,' is usually employed
instead of nusheedan).
Drop, s., tJaS kutreh.
i«»! istiskd.
Drought, t J^- khushki.
Drown, v., ^j^» J/ 1 - ghurk kar-
dan.
Drug, IjJ daw a.
Drum, JJ» tubl.
Drunk, o-* must.
Dry, elio. khushk.
Duck, d-^l urduk.
Due, ja- 7iafc.
Dull (not sharp), &fkun&.
Dumb, i&S'gung ; JV Idl.
Dung, y pehen.
VOCABULAET.
Duplicate, *ja i^- 5 nuskheh-i-du-
yum.
Durable, -1j^ U fea dawdm.
During, *ta U ma dam.
Dust, isJU. &7itffc; jU ghuhdr; *f
gard.
Duty, o^> min-nat; <-iX> takleef.
Dwarf, J5 s^^kootdh hud.
Dwell, v., gjsita UC. suknd dashtan.
Dye, elj, ran^.
Dynasty, aLJL silsaleh.
Dysentery, Jl*-1 ishaZ.
77
E.
Each, yt liar; ck,» haryek.
Eager, jUt* mushtdk.
Ear, J^J'goos'h. — ring, t } ^<fgoosh-
vareh. — of corn, *Zy» khoosheh.
Early, >>jj zood. — rising, ^j-z*> j**
sahr-kheezee. — in the morn-
ing, ■ijj -*-» subh zood. — spring,
jl& Jjl aval i behdr. — fruits,
j>£ no her.
Earnest, J*i—> musta'idd.
Earth, is)!*- khdk ; et*j zameeu.
78
VOCABTJLAEY.
Earthy, ^U. TchdTcy.
Ease, o^|; ra-hut ; ^id^,] asoo-
degee; ^yL-1 assanee.
East, Jij2-° musliruk.
Easily, ^Ul \> ba assanee.
Eat, v., &i>jy» khurdan.
Ebb (tide), j ja.juzr.
Ebony, u-yjl dbnooss.
Eddy, \J\$y q irdab.
Edge, »* dum.
Edict, ^U/ fermdn.
Educate, i>j o*j,-j tarbeeyat liar-
dan ; uMjij?, parvareedan.
Education, o-o^ tarbeeyat.
Effect,^'! asar ; as^ nateejeh.
Effeminacy, ^>*t%> moldy am at ; ^-.y
nurmee ; \j^j* k na mardee.
Effort, J^jT Itooshish ; ^jj-. s«'ee.
Effrontery, ^j^^. be shurrnee ;
^^^.S'gostdkhee.
^SE) £j* t^ tttkhm murgh; (to lay
eggs), j^jf^-z tukhm guzashtan ;
(soft boiled),^) ^J »a£ tukhm neem
puz ; (hard boiled), 2^ ci- s(/*£
pukhteh ; (fried), *j ~3 neem roo ;
(yoke of) j jj zardeh ; (white of),
YOCABTJLAET.
(shell), u>~»jj
79
slji khdh; (.!>>%*
sX*Ju* seefeedeh j
poost.
Eight, v^lft Jiasht.
Either, U i/a ;
heech kuddm
Eject, v., ^jT^jj^ beroon kardan;
^sf J\j»\ ikhrdj kardan.
Elbow, Jj\ drenj.
Elect, v., ^^T'l-jI^' intikhdb kardan.
Elected, l_»«^* muntakhib.
Elegance, o^j zeenat.
Elephant, J-i feel.
Elevation, \uj\ irtifd.
Elin-tree, ^15 ndrvan.
Elongate, v., ^^iSj^ derdz kasliee-
dan.
Eloquent, j5^" sukhan goo.
Else, *ja. juz ; >j& be juz.
Emancipate, v., ±f i\j\ dzdd kar-
dan.
Embarrass, v., sf *»-! dshufteh
kardan ; ^J~ t-^ka* mustarib
kardan.
Embellish, v., [ ^\ J \ ardstan.
Emblem, ^liJ nishdn.
Embrace, v., ^f J* baghal girif*
tan; tf>y <J>$\ j* der aghoosh
girifian.
80
VOCABULARY.
Embroidery, <jjj* jj zar doozee.
Emerald, Sy) zumurud.
Emetic, Ji^'j-J dawa-i-kay.
Eminence (rank), ^fyf. buzurgee ;
(hill), Kjj]/\r- sarafrdzee; ^jJo
bulandi.
Eminent, dy» buzurg.
Emit, v., a ^/^.\jaJ\ ikhrdj kardan.
Emotion, ^}^>\ izterdb; { J^&\ a-
shuftegee.
Emperor, j^S ka'isser ; »li^»>Lii shah
in shah.
Employ, v., a &\& J*i shughl da dan ;
jjj^U j% Tear dad an ; yiji J^.«
mashghool hardan.
Empower, v., ^^/^Ui* mukhtdr har-
dan.
Empty, jJU. Ichdli.
Enamel, U~o mee?w&.
Encampment, j^,l urrdoo.
Enclose, v., *J^A>\*.\ ihdteh kardan.
Encore! -J ] afereen; tj^^o dobdreh;
La.;* marhaba.
Encourage, v., $f jlz daleer kar-
dan.
End,^! dkher ; j-» sar ; *rfl anjdm;
«sa. khatm ; \&i\ intihd.
Endanger, i\, c ^!jJl^lai. >> ji ciar fc/ia-
tar anddkhtan.
VOCABULARY.
81
Endeavour, Jut>f kooshish ; { jt~>
sa'ee; *Ui*l ihtimdm.
Endurance, <-jU tab ; osll» takat.
Enemy, c ^i-^ doshman.
Energetic, )j> firz ; *&>jj zarang.
Engage, c ^-^ o^co da'wat khas-
tan.
>
Engine, *£L mangeneh.
English, i^r-lCjl Engleez.
Engrave, v., ^J^kandan.
Enjoin, v., ^^Tjo b' ta'keed Tcardan.
Enjoy, v , ±j> laa. huz Tcardan ; J^y-
c .xi jfkhush guzdsTitan.
Enlarge, v., Mpf&jjk buzurg Tcardan;
i>y z\>_) ziyad Tcardan.
Enlighten, v., ^J~ ^j roshan Tcar-
dan.
Eumity, ^^ doshmani ; ^Ss.
adawat.
Enough, y-j buss; c^&'lcefayeb.
Enter, v., ^.xi Ji-b dakhel shudan;
>
^j y too raftan.
Entire, ^VTcdmel ; -Uj tamdm.
Entirely, J*Ub bil-kul.
Entrails, s^ roodeh.
Entrance, Jy-o delchool.
82
VOCABULABY.
Entreat, v., ^a/'u-UsJI iltimtiss kar-
dan.
Envelope, -wW lefafeh ; ^Ipaket.
Envoy, ^-J»J eelchi.
Envy, J-.* hassad.
Envy, v., ^j>. <*-*» hassad burdan.
Epilepsy, pL, ^- sar sam.
Epipbany, \y> ^ Mu& shooyan.
Epitome, s*s*? mukhtasser.
Equally b&raber ; J* la. mukabel ;
j\*+* hamvar; ^j 1 — musavee.
Equator, 1^-1 ^ khut-i-istwd.
Eradicate, ^ gH jl a« beefc7t feaw "
dowi.
Erase, v., ^^T^^ saf kardan.
Erect, v. ^f v-* > nasb kardan ;
^TjJj buland kardan.
Erection, J^l^J istadigee ; i.l»1
ikamat; (building), JW bend'ee;
cj,U& irndrat.
Ermine ijI^" senjdb.
Err, t'., uVO*- sa ' M ' kardan ; !aic
^jTghalat kardan ; a sf ^ ftfceta
kardan; *f^ khubt kardan;
^o^j^i khelcif kardan.
Errand, ^4 pay g ham.
Error, U& ghalat.
Erudition, yjta ddnish ; ^ Urn.
VOCABULAEY.
83
Escape, v., &&$' gureekhtan ; j]/
^sjTfrdr kardan.
Escape, y.f gureez ; j\J> ferdr.
Escort, iS,Si badrakeh.
Especially, L^as.* makhsoossan; l Js-
yoj^sJi ala el khesooss.
Essence, jty* jo liar; <z>\j zdt.
Establish, v., i>_f It y her pa kar-
dan ; ^jja* mukarar kardan;
^j^La) nasb kardan.
Estate, JU mdl.
Esteem, v., ~JA* y..f azeez ddshtan;
^^1.} *jzs* muhterem ddshtan.
Estimate, v., ±f ^j]^ bar-dvard
kardan; *j jyua takfimeen za-
dan.
Estrange, v., ^sfj^ door kardan.
Et-cetera, s^cj vagheyreh.
Eternal, fd^-^a hameesheh-ee ; ^Jol
abadee ; «>U day em.
Eternity, Jo\ abad.
Evacuate, v., &fjk. khdli kardan;
^3j*A£ takhlieh kardan.
Eve, L_~i> shub.
Even (of numbers), o-a?. juft ; (odd
or even), us*Sa.l» dJ tak ydjilft.
Even, adv., +* hum ; jJ neez.
Even (to make), ^^uJU sdf kar-
84
J^L. j\y*
hamvdr sdkh
shut.
i^-» sar-gu
dan;
tan.
Even, adj., ^jl— » musdvee ; j\>«*
hamvdr.
Evening. -Ifi sham;
Event, j'ii'l itifdk;
zasht.
Ever, <ii^»» hameesheh.
Every, j* hur.
Evict, v., tf^f -\f*\ ikhrdj kardan.
Evidence, »«sWi> shehddat.
Evident, J^ dslikar ; ^>\j vazehh
Evil, adj., Jo had.
*j]A
slier drat ;
VOCABULARY.
Evil, ^jS) bad.ee;
(misfortune), "h held.
Eunuch, ^ ] y- khdjeh.
Euphrates, ^>\J ferdt.
Ewe, ^J^c sjU madeh meesh.
Ewer, aj'^1 af tab eh.
Exact, \z~*\j rdst ; ^u be-ayneh.
o
Exaggerate, v., Jw£l ighrdk.
Exalt, v., ^1/1 afrdkhtan.
Exalted, j\j>\ afrdz.
Examine, v., &<*yj\ azmoodan ; ^^*\
3
^■ifimtihdn kardan.
Examination, o \0*\ imtihdn.
VOCABULARY.
85
Example (specimen), -uj*3 nemooneh;
(model), ^j-» soorat.
Excavate, v., ^xS^kandan.
Exceed, v., { j^^guzas'htan.
Exceeding, u>j»L«J nihdyat ; o^lj
ziyddet; jL~ ? bisydr.
Excel, »., a J.i J-iU /flzti shudan.
Excellence, J-is /azL
Excellency (title), vUa.jen«b.
Except, v., sj\^~,\ istisnd kardan.
Except, 1_j~» sivd.
Exception, UizJ istisnd.
Excess, J> .ilij ziyadetee.
Excessively, jJ 1 jy file el hddd ;
»jU]| jy f5k el a'adeh.
Exchange, v., i>fj>*s- avaz kardan;
^if J^Lo mobddeleli kardan.
Exchange, *., j>y- avaz; Jjo badal ;
JojJ' tabdeel ; dJ^L. wobddeleh.
Excite, v., i2&f>\ angeehhtan.
Exciting, jS'A angeez.
Exclude, i>J P-y°y* mowzoo kar-
dan.
Excuse, j^s- uzr ; u^Jj«* ma'azarat.
Excuse, v., ^ J .... *. B bakhsheedan ;
(one's self), ^^J* -uzr fcftas-
86
VOCABITLAEY.
tan ; c j-^«.1jj
kha'stan.
o,j*^ ma'azarat
Execrable, ^^Ju mal'oon.
Execute (to do), d\z ^y soorat-
dadan ; (to kill), ^^S'kushtan.
Executioner, t jf M> nasakchi ; &%>.
jal-lad.
Executor, ***) vasee.
Exempt, i_iU-e ma'df.
Exempt, v., ^.i^-il** ma' df kardan.
Exercise, ji-o maslik; [J»jj* varzash;
(ground), ji-. \j~* may dan i
mashk.
Exercise v., a i\i jJL* mashk dadan;
J+ijj varzeedan ; (a horse), \jk*f
^ij gardash burdan.
Exert, v., ^>J> j^>jT kooshesh kar-
dan.
Exhaust (to empty), zjT J\± khali
kardan; (fatigue), ^$fx^~± khasta
kardan.
Exhausted, ^U. khali; ax-»i khasta.
Exigence, --W1 ihtiyaj.
Exist, v., j^-a hastan; a 2j> boodan.
Existence, ^^^ hastee ; *y*j vejood.
Exodus, o,.** hejreh.
Expect, v., ^xita jUiJl intizar dash-
tan ; ^\z ;Jy tavaku' dashtan.
YOCABTJLAEY.
87
Expectation, jllxjl intizdr ; gSy ta-
vaku.
Expediency, cu-~»U_« munasibat ;
\X~j.li shayestehgee.
Expedient, i_— >\u mundsib.
Expedite,!;., o^lW" to? ajeelJcardan.
s
Expedition, j\a.jald; ^ tund ; isJ^lU.
chaldk.
Expel, v., ^sf —\f*\ ikhrdj kardan ;
^^T^c^j beyroon kardan.
Expenditure, -y*. kharj.
Expensive, J\jTgerdn.
Experience, ^.Ujl azmdyesh; ^jd
tajrubeh.
Experiment, ^UJ'' imtihdn.
Expert, .al=~>l ustdd; ^*±.Ij ba lchabar ;
Expiration, *UiiJl inkiza ; j~> sar.
Expire (time), v., ^J^ *UfiJl inkiza,
shudan ; ^J^l j-> sar amadan.
Explain, v., jJ^^Uj bay an kardan;
^U. liali.
Explanation, ~jt> shurhh; Lj ba-
ydn.
Expletive, J^lj pfkelam zdyed.
Explicit, fa> sareehh.
Expose, v., tfj\£>\ izhar kardan ;
sf )\j>\ ibrdz kardan.
88
YOCABTTLAEY.
Expression (pronunciation), Soak tala-
fuz ; (phrase), c^Lt i b drat.
Expunge, v., ^j Js Jcalam zddan.
Exquisite, »-iJJ lateef.
Extend,!;.,^ xJ^j\jt> derdz Jcasheedan.
Extension, J^ tool; ^jj\j* derdzee ;
o*-j vusa'at.
Extensive, £*~>j vusee\
Exterminate, ^ (•J^** maadoom
Jcardan.
Extinguish, ±f yi^U. Ichamoosh
Icardan.
Exterior, oiJ ^. beyroon; ^l* Tcharej.
External, &3j*o\ azbeyroon; k^&-
Jcharejan.
Extol, v., 2>J^<~&>j*i ta'areef Jcardan.
Extort, ^J'jsj^. bd zoor giriftan.
Extraneous, aibCo bee gdneh; \->if-
ghareeb.
Extraordinary, t-^s* ajab; jjU mdder;
»«sUSl jji fok el a'adeh ; v_^c gha-
reeb.
Extreme, l$a! intihd ; j»1 dkher.
Exuberance, ^jS'jiisrat ; J^J z-w/a-
Eye, *£•*• clieshm.
Eyebrow, j^l dbroo.
Eyeglass (spectacles), isl~£ eynek.
Eyelash, ^y* muzhgdn.
TOCABULAET.
89
Eye (pupil), eUjy. mardamek.
Eyesight, _,1jo.j deeddr.
F.
id
Fable, ±*3 kisseh; ^l^ta das tan ;
ooKL. hekdyet.
Fabricate, v., j^l- sdkhtan.
Face,^, roo ; s^. chehreh; J^j pay-
leer ; ~j i uxli.
Face to face, jj jj roo be roo.
Face, v., $f Jj'Ju mukabel kardan.
Facetious, ±jL shooJch.
Facilitate, U ^/' U L1 asdn Tcardan;
yjjjS^J^. sahl kardan.
Facility, <JU asdnee ; o^-» sehoo-
lat.
Fact, ofliSa. Tidkeekat.
Faction, jiilk tdyefeh.
Factory, jiUylTfear khdneh.
Factotum, tJ^*+*> hameh kdreh.
Fade, ^J^ *•*/* Ji pazh murdeh shu-
dan.
Faint, t— ^ za-eef.
Faint, v., ^J^ ur 1 ^-? & ee hoosh $hu-
dan.
Fair, i_ uj& zareef ; ^jy> u-j* khosh
soorat.
Fairy, ^ #eri.
90
Faith, ^UjI aymdn.
Faithful, jta &* deenddr ; jtaU j vefa
dar.
Fall, ^alal iiftddan.
False, c^-i deroogh ; \->&Mzb.
Fame, -.13 nam.
Family, a3'i- Jal ahel-i-khdneh.
Famine, J^ kahh-tee.
Famous, j^-^-» mash-lwor ;
ma? roof.
Fan, y. *\i odd bezan.
Far, jjz door.
Farewell, *taj vedd.
Farrier, J^> J*3 na'al band.
VOCABTJLABY.
Farther, jjjji doorter.
Fashion, --, russm.
Fast, tjjj roozeli.
Fast, v., j^b tjjj roozeh dashtan.
Fast, adj, vXu tund.
Fast (fixed), \>y^ mazboot ; Ss+
muhkem.
Fasten, v., ^jTby^ mazboot kar-
dan ; ^sfj^s* muhkem kardan ;
c ^~j bustan.
Fat, >-j^- churb.
Fatal, 12&4* mahlik ; JiU kdtil.
Fate, ji<&i takdeer ; l-.. ^3 naseeb ;
£1* tale'.
W*
VOCABTJLAKY.
91
Father, j Jj pedar.
Fatigue ^^-^ hhastagee.
Fatigue, v., ^fyz~± TchastehJcardan.
Fault, u_~& ayb ; late ghalat.
Favour, ^L^ meliribani ; i-AJ
lutf; oldl UUfat.
Favour, v., ^b oldl iltifat ddshtan.
Favourite, i_**.U<, musdhib.
Fear, ^-pr turss ; <-Jji. fc/io/.
Feast, c^iUi zidfat ; ^L*** rnilimd-
nee.
Feather, ^j per.
Feed, v., ^b cJl,y. Tchordlc dddan ;
i\^ j.UL td-dm dadan.
Feel, v. , ^jf^-J ?ams kardan ; ^-o.
^^T^-iss Icardan.
Felt (cloth), Jl»3 namad ; (p. p . of
To feel), (.^--s* mahsoos.
Female, oU mddeh.
Fermentation, ^J>y*. joosh.
Ferocious, ,^>j vahhshee ; sJJ,c
derendeTi.
Fertile, jb J-.U. li&silddr.
Festival, J^ eecJ.
Fetch, v., ^jl dwurdan.
Fetid, sJjjS'gandeedeh ; ^^u muta-
'afin.
92
VOCABULAKY.
Fever, l_«j tub.
Few, J'kam; JJiS kaleel ; dJJl andak.
Fidelity, Uj vefd.
F\g,j~<\ anjeer.
Fight, ellia. jawa ; ly^.3 da'aiva.
Fight, v., ±f ska. ^"aw a kardan;
sf\f.$ da'aiva kardan.
Figure, JC* haykal.
Filbert, jJci funduk.
File, yjU^i sohdn.
Fill, a;., o-i/^i pw kardan.
Filth, oiLi'&esa/at.
Find, v., ^^Ij^j paydd kardan.
Fine, a*^ jereemeh.
Fine, v., ^^i a*^ jereemeh kardan.
Fine (thin), adj., d^L bdreek; (beau-
tiful), isLls kashang ; yiji. khosh.
Finder, oiiol angusht.
Finish, ^^p j.Uj tamdm kardan.
Fir-tree, —^kaj.
Fire, ^'1 aiesTi
Fire (to set on), tj JB 1 aies7i zadan ;
(to make a), ^^T^tjl aies/i Car-
dan.
Finn, J JjU pai' dar ; j\/j> bar kerdr ;
pj.U Tcdyem ; L^u mazboot*
First, Jjl awal.
Fish, ^U mdhi.
VOCABULARY.
93
Fisherman jf j^* mahi geer.
Fist, cu£-> musht.
Fit (proper), }^ sezdvdr ;
mundsib.
Fix, v., *f Ss» muhkam Icardan.
Flag, JJ*-> baydalc.
Flame, <*1«^ shu'leh.
Flash, ,fsMJu±ji> darakhshandegee.
~F\sit,j\}+* hamvdr; >-i'ue sdf; e)lji_?>-
Flax, ^^Mtan.
Flea, dTfcefe.
Flee, v., j&f' gureekMan ; o'irj^J
ferdr Icardan.
Flesh, ^jfgooslit.
Flexible, ^.i plchMiur.
Flight, jifgureez ; }j> ferdr.
Flock, & gilleh.
Flog, v., *j zadan.
Flood, J~» sayl.
Floor, cn*j zameen.
Flour, ij\ drd.
Flow, Uk xi e^U. jdri shudan.
Flower, $gul.
Fly, ,^-C magas.
Fly, v., cjJ^ri pereedan.
Foal, tjTliureh.
Fodder, «-Jlft 'ala/.
94
VOCABULARY.
Fog, ao meh.
Fold, b td.
Fold, v., *fk td kardan.
Follow, v., ^J'i^ie. dkab Tcardan.
Follower, £% tale' (pi. &>*>& ta-
be'een).
Folly, c^sLa. hemdkat.
Food, (2)ij^a. khordk.
Fool, ,j*&.1 alimak.
Foot, b pa.
For, ^^ berai; l#£ be jaJiateh.
Forbid, v., &fa~* man'a kardan.
Force, j^j zoor.
Ford, i^jjf guzargdh ; j*x+ ma'abar.
Forehead, ijlt-j peeshdni.
Foreigner, i_^£ ghareeb.
Forementioned, jjTl* mazkoor.
Forenoon,^;! ,jLo peesft az zw/ir.
Forest, JKX». jangal.
Forfeit, *+ij=* jareemeli ; jU» ta'oon.
Forgery, J*?. ^'a'aZ.
Forget, v., ±f~ J±y>\j faramoosh
kardan.
Forgive, v., ^sJLki bakhsheedan.
Fork, JKIa. chengdl.
Forlorn, J^r> bee kas.
Formal, ajU—j rasmdneh.
Former, ^si-o peeshter.
VOCABULARY.
95
Forsake, v., ^\jfguzdshtan.
Fort, Asia kala'eh.
Fortify (a castle), v., ^f\>yJu, maz-
boot kardan; (a sick man), oy
^\^ koovet dddan
Fortunate, u^i-^y- khosh bukht.
Fortune, o-as bukht; l-~-oJ naseeb.
Forward, (jt-j peesh.
Foul, eh*, chirk.
Foul-mouthed, ^j^ bad zebdn.
Foundation, t^-Ll asdss; jLj bunydd.
Fountain, »,1y fovdreh.
Fowl, £,* murgh.
Fox, «ljj roobah.
Fragment, s^b par eh.
Fragrance, y^y* khosh boo.
Frame, y^" kdb.
France, a-JI^s Frdnseh.
Free, ah\ azdd.
Freedom, ^Ijl azddee.
Freeze, v., ^j^-i & yakh bustan.
Fresh, »j'u' tdzeh.
Friend, o—j-s doost ; j\ ydr.
Friendship, j~>)* doostee.
Fright, u*J turss.
Frighten, v., ^J^Laj turssdndan.
Frivolous, jJj^J bee ma'anee.
Frog, <w^/ kurbdkeh.
96
VOCABTTLAEY.
From, jl az.
Frontier, j^-. sarhad.
Froth, uSkaf.
Frown, -i-1 dkhm.
Frozen, J^* munjamid.
Frugal, *j\$ ledne'.
Fruit, »j ; * meeveh.
Fry, v., $frj~> surhh Icardan.
Fuel, *♦-* heemeh.
Fulfil, v., zf^$3 taTcmeel Icardan.
Full, jj pur.
Funeral, »jUa» jendzeh.
Furnace, J> furn (vulg., foor) ; jyj
tanoor.
Furlough, i^j* muraTchassee.
Furniture, *iU. t_>LJ asbdbi Ichdneh.
Future, sJ^l dyendeh ; <^\ dtieh.
Futurity, c^i.1 dkherat ; sJ^.\ dyen-
deh.
G.
Gain, *ii nafa' ; J-*U hdsil.
Gain, v., ^L ydfban ; ^y. J-oU.
hdsil burdan.
Gait, t\j rah.
Gallop, »z do.
Gallop, v., ^JojJ daveedan.
Gamble, v., ^.i^Ls Tcomdr Icardan.
VOCABULARY.
97
Game <j}\> bdzi.
Game (sport), JCi, shekar ; (to make
game ot any one), ^siljol ci~o
dust anddkhtan.
Gang, «j'J» tail ef eh
Gaol, u ^^. huhss ; ^1 jJj zendan.
Garden, c'o bdgh.
Gardener, \J>\> baghban.
Garlic,^--, seer.
Garment, ^LJ lebass.
Garrison, jliL sdkhloo.
Garter, .x^lj zdnoo band.
Gasli, *ij zukhm.
Gate, 5jlj;.J dervdzeh.
Gather, v., ^if^jam' kardan.
Gelding, axil akhteh.
General, k^y sarteep.
Generally, ^j** umoomee ; Lj**
Generation, J-J nasi.
Generosity, ojli- sekhdvet.
Gentility, ojUi nejdbat.
Gentle, ^^U moldy em.
Gently, ax-aI dhesteh.
Genuine, J~J dseel.
Get, v., ^f giriftan ; ^l yaftan.
Giddy, ^fgeej.
Gift, yt^itf bakhshesh ; ajJ* hedich.
H
98
YOCABULABY.
Gild, v., sjr%3-* rnutald Icardan.
Ginger, J~*ij zanjebeel.
Girdle, &~>j£~kamar band.
Girl,^s.^ dokhter.
Girth, eLj' tang.
Give, v., (j-ita dddan; ^sJm, bakh-
sheedan.
Glad, ^b shad; JW-ji. khosh-hdl ;
.jyiji. khoshnud.
Glance, «& negdh.
Glass, <v£~2» sheesheh; ^Ks-1 istikdn.
Looking— azA dyeneh.
Glazier,^ aJL-i, sheesheli bur.
Glimmer, ti^Aj; rooshndee.
Glitter, v., ^.xJLi.j.i darakhsheedan.
Globe, i) kureh.
Glory, J^U. jelldl.
Glove, (jiXLi^ dustkash.
Glue, \J-ij-* sareesh.
Go, v., ^j ruftan.
Goat,jj buz.
God, IJo. fcTwda; JSt JiZaTi. — pre-
serve you, ajfo s&j ljUi lJ* khodd
bhumdrd negdh ddrad. — forbid,
JaXj Ijo. khodd nekunad; *Ulj»s-»l
istaghfer dllah. Good — ! C j^- J
*U\ subhan ullah. O — , 1^1 tfj/
YOCABtTLAET
khodd. For — 's sake, 1j±. J\j>j\
azbera'i Tchoda. willing jJJULul
inshullah ; Jalya |ja. klwdd be-
khdhad.
Gold, ill, feZ/s.
Goldsmith, ,Sjj zargar.
Good, ijy. Jchoob.
Goodness, Ljji. khoobee.
Goods, ljL.,1 asbdb ; JL wa£.
Goose, jU Zc«z.
Govern, v., ^.^fcu-j^. hekoomat kar-
dan.
Government, l^£L hekoomat.
Governor, J"U hakim.
99
Gradual, ffjcam kam ; ^Sb ba
tadreej.
Grain, ii\* ddneh.
Granary, ; Lil unbar.
Grand, ^kc azeeni; &$ buzurg.
Grant, v., *\* dddan ; .ib «jL|
ijdzeh dddan.
Grape, ^ylii dngoor.
Grass, ^_eic alaf.
Grasshopper, JL malctkh.
Gratis, cui* mufti ^ ! ** mejdnan.
Gratitude, JiL shukr.
Grave, jJ kabr.
I Gravel, eL v , reeg.
100
YOCABULABY.
Gray (in material), ^Jli khdkes-
teri ; (horse), J/ kiz-zil.
Graze, v., o^i^ cheridan.
Grease, ti^ charbi.
Great, djyj buzurg.
Green, j~. subz.
■i
Grief, *t ghum; a-»e ghusseh.
*t
Grieve, v., o^J* **"* ghusseh khur-
dan.
Grind, v., c3 j/'cjL-1 asydb Icardan ;
(paints and drugs), &&/ *3L» saZa-
•yeh kardan.
Groan, v., u >x r ir'<»3l3 naleh kashee-
dan; yjJ^^'jl «7i kasheedan.
Groan, <^U naleh; »l a/i.
Grocer, Jl& bakkd
Grove, jlj o*^ darakht zar.
Grow, v., ^J^jj roo-ee-dan ; a J-i. rijj
buzurg shudan.
Grumble, w., ^j »>xJ lundeh zadnn.
Guarantee (person), ^U zamin ;
(warranty), ojU* zemdnat.
Guard, mL ; lj passbdn ; ^J kara-
ool.
Guard, v., ^^'hi*. hifz kardan.
Guardian, fe&5—« mustahfiz ; (of a
minor), Jk\j ndzer.
Guest, ^We* mehmdn.
Y0CABT7LA.BY.
101
Guide, JJu balad ; Uit\j rahnemd.
Guide, v., ^ \J\+J *\j rah nemdee
Jcardan.
Guilt, tl^gondh ; j~*£J takseer.
in
Guilty, jja» muhasser.
Gulf, -sJ^. Tihaleej.
Gum (arabic), g,^ *+~, sumgh arabi;
J?>\ angum ; (of the teeth), oij^
yjljo^ gooshti-denddn.
Gun, eL« tufang ; (cannon), u>y
ioojp. — barrel, *)j! looleh. —
stock, jljul konddle. Hammer of
gun, jl»Sa. chukmdh. Trigger,
<i^>b jpdslineh.
Gunner, ^.Ljy toopchi.
Gunpowder, c^l bdroot.
Gutter, yjljjU ndvdan.
H.
Haberdasher, jl^j bazdz.
Habit, ojU 'ddet.
Habitation, ,j£l-» muskan.
Hail, e)^' tagarg.
Hair, j* moo ; (of woman), ij-fgeess.
Half, j*j neera.
Hall, ^b ddldn ; j^llj tdldr.
Halter, ^ Li 1 dfsdr.
102
VOCABULARY.
Hammer, ui^- chakush.
Hamlet, sjft^ dehkeddeh.
Hand, o-o dust.
Handful, o-^* inusht.
Handkerchief, J'>*s-».s dust-mcll.
Handle, jJ^^ dust-geer.
Handmaid, ^ keneez .
3
Haudsome, sj^y- khoshroo ; uzLZJ
kashang.
Handwriting', Lst-".} dust-khut.
Hang, v., t^jl aveekhtan ; ^J'^ji^
aveezdn kardan.
Happen, v., ±S> aS\^ voice' shudan.
Happiness, ^yiji. khoshnudi.
Happy, .iy^i. khdshnud.
Harass, v., ^^Tevo.il aziat kardan.
Harbour,jJ^j bunder.
Hard, ^^^ sakht; (difficult), Jy^J
doshvar ; j£~° mushkil.
Hardship, ( j& > sakhtee.
Hare, sj>f/* khargoosh.
Harem, x>\jjzendneh; ^ ; ^j' dnderoon.
Harm, l_~s 'ayb; jj^> zarar ; ^^js*
zarar kardan.
Harsh, o^,.a drusht; j>) zibr.
Harvest, J-.U hdsil.
Haste, As? 'ajaleh; J*? 3 ^ ta'ajeel.
Hat, t^lcolu.
VOCABULAKY.
103
Hatchet, ^J tabar.
Hate, v., ^^U Jo bad ddnestan.
Have, ,^'.3 ddshtan.
Hawk, ^y koosh.
Head,^ sar.
Headache, ^~» .^a durd i sar.
Heal, v., ^^ J\s. eldj kardan ; <jJU*
y&fmo'dlejeh kardan.
Health, —\j+ ruizaj.
Healthy, o-*,.i js tun-drust.
Hear, v., J~£ shuneedan.
Heart, J^ dil.
Heat, ^J'garmi; vxj\j» herdrat.
Heathen, o-^ o? but-parast.
Heaven, oi« behesht.
Heavy, [ ^L> sangeen.
Heel, u£>\i pdshneh.
Height, ^oJb bulandi; c\$j\vrtifa'.
Heir, cj,1_j vdris.
Hell, ~#± jehannum.
Helmet, ^ sWkold khood.
J
Help, vAS ko mek ; *x» madad ; s^U.
chareh.
Help, v., d ^b (sUi* Jcomek dudan
$f£yX* madad kardan'.
Helpless, j U.v> ndchdr.
Hem, ^,.s Jarz.
Hen, i*.j*. joojeh.
101
VOCABULARY.
Hence, U^l j! dz eenjd.
Herb, i\Jf geedh ; c^Li nabdt.
Herd, dTgelleh.
Here, U.^.1 eenjd.
Hereon, Ida J* 'ala hazd.
Hereditary, ^j^y> mauroossi.
Heretofore ^J^, peeshtee ; ^\j\ J^,
peesh dzeen.
Heron, J-y» havasel.
Hesitate, v., ^jS &&jj taradud Icar-
dan. '
Hesitation, ^j/ taradud.
Hiccup, aC-C saksakeh.
Hide, v., ^jjT-iU kdyem kardan.
High, jJb buland.
Highway, 2aU jLi. shah jddeh.
Hill, aJ' tuppeh.
Hilt, *-M kubzeh.
Him, or Her, l^jl oora.
Hinder, v., ^J^ ^U mane* shudan.
Hindoo, ^J^ hindee.
Hinge, ±!y looleh.
Hint, »jLi.l ishdreh.
Hire, v., ^-i/ u}jf kerayeh kardan ;
(to lend on), a &\& i-Ajf kerdyeh
dddan.
Hire, sAfkerdyeh.
Hireling, j**.\ ajeer.
VOCABULARY.
105
His, jl oo.
History, &/5 tfireekh.
Hog, e)^i. khook ; j>.y±. khanzeer.
Hold, v., cJ ii^b a£i negdh dashtan.
Hole, f^jy* soordkh ; ^y soolakh.
Holiday, j^ eed.
Hollow, s., JUjT^odaZ.
Hollow, v., ^U. khdlee.
Holster, JJ kubul.
Holy, (^-JiU mukaddas.
Home (house), ajU. khdneh; (coun-
try), ^j vatan.
Honest, o-J, r#s£ ; ^b ^..s deenddr.
Honey, J— s. 'asal.
Honour, 9j >\ abroo ; e^» hurmut.
Honourable, fj&» muhtarem.
Hood, jLil bdshlik.
Hoof, -* sum.
Hook, t->}U kulldb.
Hoop, <wL. halkeh.
Hope, J-J umeed.
Hope, a?., jyiita Ju*l umeed ddshtan.
Hopeless, Ju*l li w« umeed.
Hops (plant), J*» khemel.
Horizon, j»l u/«&.
Horn, ^li shdkh.
Hornet, jjJj zamboor.
106
VOCABTJLAEY.
Horrible, d'J^ holnak.
Horse, t-~J asp ; (blood), J~-l aseel;
(mongrel breed), jjIj yahoo ; (bay),
jS' Jcahar ; (black), sL- sidh ;
(gray), J^5 femi; (cbestnut), J.i/"
Jcorand, also ^jTkorang ; (sorrel),
ij>j>\ abrash ; (piebald), j^u! ab-
Zafc ; (cream-coloured), J^-, sa-
mand ; (led), djo yedek ; (bolter),
(jiS^-j sarkasli ; (ambling), ts-j. yur-
gheh; (master o?), j^\ j^\ ameer
akhor, vulg. j_y-[r^ mirakhor.
Horseback, ij\y* sawdreh.
Horseman, J\y* saivdr.
Horse-race, ^j* »-~-l asp deevdni.
Horse-shoe, J«3 na'al.
Hospitable, e>— j^ ^W-s-* mehmdn-
doost.
Hospital, ajU. yaj/* onareez khdneh.
Host^b ^U^-o mehmdndar ; &[>)**
meezbdn.
Hostage, jjgero ; J^f kafeel.
Hot, ^fgarm.
Hour, o^L sd'at.
HoWjj^Lda. chetor ; *>£L chegooneh.
Howl, v., c j>^_j c >* 'oiy-'ou? kardan.
Human, ^L-i! insdni.
Humble, j*** liakeer.
Hump, jy kooz.
Humpback, ^^ijy koozpfisht.
Hundred, Ju> sad.
Hung, xj2j1 aveekhteh.
Hunger, ^J^J'guresnegee.
Hungry, &~>fguresneh.
Hunt, v., zj~ jfcj shikar kardan
(look for a thing), ^^JS gashtan.
Hunter, ^sj£z> shikari.
Huntsman, i j>j&> shikdrchi.
Hurry, J;-* 50 taajeel.
Hurt, Jjd diird.
Hurt, v., C *J ±jS diird kardan.
Husband, j*yZ> shoher.
VOCABULARY.
Husk,
107
*y, poost.
2 2 3
Hut, tXkuTbeh.
Hyacinth, J~^> sunbul.
Hyena, J \so'kafbar.
Hypocrisy, j>,^y tazveer.
ul
H\pocrite,^jj< muzaver.
I.
I, ^ mun.
Ice, ut yakh.
Idea JUi kheyal.
Identical, c ^*j be 'ayn.
Idiom, J^*\ istilahh.
Idiot, A>\ ableh.
108
VOCA.BTJLAET.
Idle, J~S tunbul.
Idleness, i J^j tunbuli.
Idol, ioo but.
Idolator, <z~*jj o* but parast.
Idolatry, j~>ji co but parasti.
lf,j^*\ agar.
Ignite, v., ^J-io al*ii sho'aleli ka-
sheedan.
Ignorance, J^W- jdhalee ; <j\^
ndddnee.
Ignorant, JaV jdhel ; ^tali nddan.
Ill, (jiji.li ndkhosh.
Illegal, s.A i-i^li khelaf-i-shar' eh ;
J*'
.13 ndhak.
Illegitimate, »^lj (.1^. haram zddeh ;
Ml
IjjJIjJj veled-ez-zend.
Illiberal, d~*< momsek.
Illiberality eil — .1 imsdlc.
Illiterate, ^lj- <4 bee sawdd.
Illness, ,<i>ji-^ ndkhoshi.
Illumination, ^Lcl^. cherdghban.
Illustrious, jU«U ndm-ddr.
Ml
Imagination, j_^u tessdwur ; JU»
khidl.
Imagine, ^j/^dJ tessawur kardan ;
^.j^JLi. khidl hardan.
Imbecile, Jac- J'hami 'aid.
Imitate, v., ^j^jJju takleed kardan
VOCABULARY.
109
Immediately, ^yl 1 J fil.for.
Immemorial, \jja fo-ran.
Immense, »j1 Jol ^ bee anddzeh.
Immoderate, Jljcxl ^ bee i'tiddl.
Immodest, »jt> ^ bee shurm.
Impartial, ^-ijo ^ bee taraf.
Impatience, \jj~e ^ bee sabri.
Impatient, j~o ^ bee sabr; aL-j*. g bee
hdseleh.
Imperfect, yosli ndkis.
Impertinence, ^fl^yt^j bee hoodeh-
gee; ^W* lJ &ee hyd-ee.
Important, *&> mohim.
Importunate, J^»L mo'dkad.
Impose, (j-il^i nehddan.
Impossible, jQ+j-i gheir-i-momlin.
Imprison, v., *J ^^a. ?itt6ss Aar-
dcm.
Imprisonment, ^^^ hubss.
Improbable, J«* jljjJ door az'akl.
Impure, e)b U na pdh ; u ^i nejjess.
h),j* door.
Inability, gly U n« tairdnee.
Inaccurate, ^>s^\i nd sahheehh.
Inattention, cJu* ghifat.
Inauspicious, ^-i nahss.
Incautious, <*lia.^L <j bee moldhezeh.
Incessant, ^b day em.
110
VOCABTJLAEY.
Inch, sj^gereh.
Incident, jlafl itifdk.
Inclination, J~« mayl.
Include, v., &f^\i> ddkhil Jcardan,
Income, J->U htisil ; J».Ij* mucld-
khil.
Incomparable, Js* gj bee missel.
Incomplete, -Uj li n« tarn dm.
Incompetent, J? Is l> «a kabil.
Inconsistent, ,jlu mundfi.
Inconstant, -Jj.J ^^ mutalaven el
mezdj.
Inconvenient, o^aj zahhmat-
Incorrect, ^s° \jnd sahlieeh; c^-j>s U
n# drust.
Increase, »il>j ziyddat ; «U1 izdfeh.
Incredible (it is), -i/jjk ^j.» a »i nerai
shaved haver hard.
Incurable, --Uc 5) J# 'ildj.
Indebted, u°jij^ makrooz.
Indecent, lj-i li «a sez«.
Iudef .tigable, ^^^—i- tj bee khastegee.
Independent, Jai— < mustakil.
India, Ja Hind.
Indian-corn, o» zurat.
Indicate, v., Sj~ sj\z,\ ishdret kar-
dan ; yjJy^J nemoodan.
VOCABULAET.
Ill
Indication, ^b.1 ishdreh.
Indifferent (not caring), JsU ghdftl;
(impartial), <-J>Je c > lee taraf.
Indigent, ^di. muftis.
Indignant,^-«x« mutaghayer.
Indigo, JJ neel.
Indulgence, ^^,4* mehrildnee ; d»j\y
navdzish.
Industrious, J^Vkdrkoon; ^Ljsd'ee.
Inebriate, o~-> must.
Inexperienced, s^j-oj! U nd azmoo-
deh.
Infancy, ^J^i bacheh gee.
Infant, ^_ bacheh.
Infantry, j.lki oL piddeh nezdm.
Infatuate, v., ^jTuty) ^ lee vekoof
Icardan.
Inferior, y^Skamter ; y~~j puster.
Infidel,^ kafer ; ^j ^ lee deen ;
Infirm, i-jL«-. za'eef; Ji* 'aleel.
Inform, v., ^^^ khalar dddan.
Inherit, v., ^JjT&j] irss giriftan.
Inheritance, uy,1 irss; <^\^ mee-
rdss.
Inhuman, ***.j ^ lee rah'm.
Injunction, jJIj ta'keed.
Injure, ^jJL^j-i zarar resdndan.
Injury, }J i zarar.
112
YOCABULAEY.
Injustice, ^/^Jl j> bee insdfee.
Ink, i_-T ,» murakkab.
Inkstand, cjIjj dawdt.
Inlaid, a^* murrassa.
Inn, a3U:U*~o mehmdn khaneh.
Innocent, »^-> bee gondh.
Inquire, o^^ji purseedan ; &&2>kyi
jooyd shudan.
Insane, <u1^o deevdneh.
Insanity, j3\y„* deevdnegee.
Inscription, J2.,& negarish;
khutt.
Insect, ffkirm.
Ml
Insecure, ^1 li nd dmn ; _,Uftl ^> be
i'tibdr.
Insensible, yj'yji bee hoosh.
Insert, v., ^jT J±.ta ddkh.il kardan.
Inside, y too ; j£>\ dndar ; j& dar.
Insincere, Uj-o bee vafa.
Insipid, sj+ ^j bee muzeh.
Insolvent, ^-U* mujiis ; ^b 15 na dar.
Inspect, v. , ^-^ <*ka.}L wMldhezeh
kardan.
Instant, -.^ dum; \ an.
Instead, ^y- 'avaz.
Institute v., ^jTjji+ mukarar kar-
dan.
VOCABULAEY.
113
Instruct, xy&.y] dmookhtan.
Instructor, jb, mo'alem.
Instrument, o3Jl diet.
Insult, ^\j^\ ^ bee ihterdmee.
Insurrection (^yi shoorish.
Intellect, Jac 'alcl ; JHyt hoosh.
Intelligence,
bar.
khabar ; jL±\ dkh-
Intemperance, Jljccl ^ bee itiddl.
Intend, v., ^IJ % A \j\ irddeh dash-
tan.
Intention, s*\J\ irddeh.
Intense Jo Jui shadeed.
Intentional, Ijl.1 dmddn.
Intercede, ^^aLJj vdseteh kardan.
Intercourse, *^\j+ murdvedeh.
Interdict, v., ^ *-. man'a kar-
dan.
Interest (money), J^i; tanzeel ; s.j>
fure; (in a matter), j>j- <jha-
raz.
Interior, ^j deroon.
Interminable, j»\ ^j bee akher.
Internal, ao-ta ddkheleh ; ,^,Jo1
dnderoonee.
Interpret, ^ .
dan.
Interpretation, &+*>J tarjumah ; (of
dreams), ^~jt» ta'abeer.
I
ddkheleh; ^jj*
*.J tarjumah kar-
114
YOCABULABY
Interpreter, **>/* mutarjam.
Interrogate (to), ^^Tj'j-. sno'dlkar-
dan,- gzj' j\ZJcJ\ istifsdr kardan.
Interval, oj L-* musdfat.
Interview, oli^L middkdt.
Intestine, t^jj roodeh.
Intimacy, j^. ek yek jalietee.
Intimidate, v., ^jiLy tarsdneedan.
Into, j* dar ; ^j fee ; ,$*,& duroon ;
jjj\ dndar.
Intolerable, J-*^ j£- ghair motalia-
mal.
Intoxicated,
must.
Intoxication, { j^* mustee.
Intrepid, dl? ^j bee bah.
Intricate, ,^ ^~j peech-ddr.
Intrigue, J!>j{~> sdzish.
Introduce (a person), v. ^J tjj**
mvJarajee kardan ; (a thing), Ji-'.J
^^j> ddkhd kardan.
Intrust, v., ^j^> supurdan.
Invent, v., ^^Aj^.\ ikhterd kardan;
sj> Ij^j paidd kardan.
Inventory, o*-^ fehrist ; <utL--
sidheh.
Investigate, v., ^j^ ^^ tahkeek
kardan ; ^ u os* ) tafahuss kar-
dan.
VOCABUIAET.
115
Invitation, o^j da'avat.
Invite, v., ^o^ da'avat Tear-
dan.
Inundation, J*-* sayl.
Involuntary, jL^I ^ lee ikMiar.
Iron, ^1 alien.
Irregular, sJclio lee-kdadeh.
Irresolute, J&ixJ ^ beeistilddl.
Irrigate, t\, ^Ijol db-dddan.
Island, s^ja. jazeereh.
Issue, v., iJ~j* [ *> sddir Tcardan.
Itch, J^j\s- khdresh.
Item, £>j furd.
Itself, oj» Jchud ; (ji^i. khadesh.
Ivory, ^lc «/
Ivy, islsji peecheJc.
J.
Jackal, Jlii. shaghdl
Jail, gljjj zenddn.
Jar, ttylcoozeh.
Jasmine, ^^o— lj yasmeen.
Jasper, ^ yashm.
Jaundice, ^teg yerkdn •
ydn.
Jaw, isii /<x7c.
Jen lous, ^^^a. hesond.
Jealousy, J-^ Jiassad.
glj-i;; ran?-
116
VOCABULARY.
Jerusalem, t^-o*J1 o*j bait el mu-
kaddes.
Jest, iJ-jZ, shookhi.
Jester, ^ji shookh.
Jesus Christ, { j~ t ?- e^aa. hazrat Eesd.
Ml
Jet (of water), »,ly favvareh.
Jew, ^>J>«i yahoodi ; tye*. jaliood.
Jewel, ^»_ja. johar.
Jeweller, c£/*_??- johari ; Jjj zerger.
Jockey, jl^-. iskU chabuk sawdr.
Join, v., o>v J- ^* mutassil kardan;
Hi
^ala JLaj'l itissdl dddan.
Journal, <u^j_j; roozndmeh.
Journey, y~» safar.
Joy, ^^^ dilkhoshi.
Joyful, ^jli shddee.
Judge, ^U kdzee ; c/j |»^=»^» hakim
i-shur'e (not hakeem ; for which
see Doctor).
Judgment, J^- hukem ; \ys fatvd.
Judicious, Joe i_*a.L» saheb 'aid.
Jug, ijf koozeh.
Juggle, v., ^./'cS;^ ^k hoka bdzee
kardan.
Juggler, jl ik hoka bdz.
Juice, m1 db ; Jjj-*- arak ;
sheereh.
8 / ■* - *- 1
VOCABTTLAKY.
117
Juicy, j\^\ dbddr.
Jump, v., ±iji pereedan ;
justan.
Jupiter, IJJ&+ musliteree.
Just, J^U 'ddil.
Justice, oJIj* iddlet.
Juvenile, ^y* jawdnee.
K.
Keen,j-J teez.
Keep, v., ^aili ȣ negdh ddshtan.
Keepsake, ^tol ydd-gdr.
Kernel, ja* maghz.
Kettle, yjj£ kitree.
Key, jJflceleed.
Kick, j& laggad.
Kick, v., Aj oO leggad zadan.
Kid, aJlcjj 6uz ghdleh.
Kidney, &X kulbeh.
Kill, c ^lT kushtan.
Kiln, sj^lcooreh.
Kind (sort), j^joor; p~3 kissm; uf
gooneh; (friendly), Uj+* meh-
riban.
Kindle, v., tr^jyl dfrookhtan ; yjs\
y&f ' dtesh kardan.
Kindness, { J>^.j^> mehribdni.
Kindred, j.y kom ; u&jji kheesh.
118
YOCABULABY.
King, t\iishdh; sli^b pddishdh.
Kingdom, liXA*-o mamlakat.
Kiss, --L mdch.
Kiss, v., ^3jT—\* mdch Tcardan.
Kitchen, iiUjj <_£! dsh-puz klidneh ;
^-k. matbakh.
lvuei\d,v., {: r±-{~>j~*±kliameer sakhteri.
Knee, ylj zdnoo.
Kneel, v., y\j ^ do zdnoo ; ^^i-iJ we-
sheshtan.
Knife, ^kard; (clasp), $sL., chdkoo;
(pen), fjAjiJs kalam-trdsh.
Knob, a*TS dukmeh.
Knock, v., ^j zadan; ^J^jf koo-
beedan.
Knot, tj gerreh ; (to make a), tjT
c yi~j gerreh bastan.
Know (a thing), v., cJ i~iU ddnestan;
(a person), ^zi-Ui shendkhtan.
Knowingly, *x-Jb ddnesteh.
Knowledge, J* Urn.
Knuckle, ^ bund.
b «- sar-i-pdket.
U^'iT kdrkhdneh.
Label, c:
Laboratory) *J
Labourer, al*c amaleh
Lace, ; _jk toor.
VOCABULARY.
119
Lad, ^'ja. jaw an ; <&\j*. jawanek.
Ladder, ^<sj nardvdn.
Ladle, j&Tkaf-geer.
Lady, jU. khanwm.
Lake, ^^ darydcheh.
Lame, ekJ lang.
Lament, yjfo zdree.
Lamp, h\j* chirdgh.
Lance, s^J nayzeh.
Lancet, j~~> neshter.
Land, &■.*) zameen.
Landlord (of a house), jjU. l_^.U
sdheb klianeh ; (of land), eU* i_>a.L
sdheb milk.
Lane, i^jfkoocheh.
Language, ] oj zabdn.
Languid, o— > sust.
Lantern, y-jili fdnooss.
Lap, J« baghal.
Large, is); a buzurg.
Lark, ^Ji'V kdkoolee.
Last, ac?j.,^i.| akher.
Last, r., ^^p j,lj^ dawdm kardan.
Last, s., t-JU kdleb.
Lastly, s*>y\ J*\ akher el 'amr.
Latch, Jos kujl.
Late )vf o deer.
Lather, s., ^jflcaf.
120
YOCABTJLABY.
Lattice, eLi shabak.
Laugh, v., (jjojji. khandeedan.
Laugh, s., »J^i- khandeh.
Law (sacred), c/i shar'e; (civil),
i-jjC- y urf ; (rule), a y\s kanoon.
Lawful, Lj t r i shar'ee ; J^ft 'urfee.
Lawsuit, **h\j* morafe'eh.
Lay, v., ^W nehddan.
Lazy, J~J tunbul.
Lead, s., m^- sitrb.
Lead, v., ^^^ kesheedan; ^j
burdan.
Leaf (of a tree), c^> burg; (of a
book), j^j varak.
League (bond), J^t WicZ; \>Ju shurt.
League (in Persia, 4 miles), isk-^
farsang ; ±-j» farsakh.
Lean, adj.,J?i Idgher.
Lean, v., ^J~iJJi tekieh kardan.
Leap, v., c> =~*- justan.
Leap, s., jJ* kheez.
Learn, ^jT z\>_ ydd geriftan ; J-ass
^J'tahseel kardan.
Learned, adj., lib ddnd ; Je- t--o.L»
sdheb 'ilm.
Learning, Jc 'ilm.
Lease, *,U.l ijdreh.
Leather, *^. churm; ~L«j teemdj ;
Y0CABT7LABY.
121
(untanned, or chamois),^**, jeer ;
(Russia), ; lalo hulghar.
Leave, s., ijWI ijdzeh; ( j**-j+ mura-
khassee; &J\ izn.
Leave, v., ^\ jf guzdshtan ; (to
give), fji\<i ^il izn dddan ; <jx»j+
yjfmuralchas kardan; (to obtain),
^y ^il izn giriftan; ^f jjU!
ijazeh giriftan ; ^jf \^j* mura-
Ichassee giriftan.
Leaven, jjU mdyeh.
Leavings, jjJL ,jL bdki mdndeh.
Led (horse), e)Jo «-— .1 asp-i-yedek.
Ledger, /» ^ daftar.
Leech, ^113 zdloo.
Left, *--». chup.
Leg, b pa ; b jL sdk-i-pd.
Legacy, ew^j vesdyet.
-^ e g a ^ t/tr* shar'ee.
Legend, cj^ hekdyat.
Legerdemain, u «jl? <»&». 7iofra ha zee.
Legible, \^y* kh'dnd.
Legion, tjj^gerooh.
Leisure, io-^» fursat; o^ /era-
Lemon, y*^ ley moo.
Lend, v., ^ta u*/ Ararz dadun.
122
TOCABULAHY.
Length ^j^ dardzee ; J J» tool.
Lenient, *jiL moldy em.
Lenity, c^i^-* moldy emat.
Lent ( Christian ),j-j^j pa r/ieez ; (Mo-
hammedan), &"*+j ramazdn.
Lentil (vegetable), u*-^ 'adass.
Leo (zodiac), x~* 'asad.
Leopard, gJjL palang.
Leper, ^>}j^> mabrooss.
Leprosy, <j>j> buruss.
Less, j^S~ kamtar ; (more or less),
(jt-o U S'liam ya beesh.
Lessee, jta ij\*.\ ijdreh dar ; jcJ^~~e
mosta'jar.
Lessen, v., ^jS^Tcam kardan.
Lesson, (_>-,>> dv/rss.
Last taU* mabddd.
Let (hire), ^ta s.iL.1 ijdreh dddan ;
(permit), j^JS" guzashtan ; ^il
j^b izn dadan ; a^f.
<J**j*
mu-
rakhass kardan.
Letter (of alphabet), i-»/s» 7iwr/
(pi. ^jt^hroof) ; (epistle), ii^A-a-
ghaz ; xAy nevishteh; (from in-
ferior to superior, lit., a petition);
i-eijS- areezeh (superior to in-
ferior), ^j rukum ; (of recommen-
dation), A*Li,lft~j safdresh-ndmeh.
YOCABUIABY.
123
saf; }a~+
Lettuce, y*^ Jcahoo.
Levee, -iL. saldm.
Level, j\j+* liamvar ; tiU
mosattahh.
Levity, ^C- sabukee.
L ; ar, y^jj* drooghgoo.
Liberal, ^s?* sakhi ; (in ideas),
JLa. tx~>y tose' Jihial.
Liberty, ^j^j\ dzddee.
Library, u\isi\^S"ioitab Jchaneh.
Licence, sj\a.\ ijdzeh ; j\#- jawdz.
Lick, v., ^jJss— J leesseedan.
Licorice, u"f> ±>; rube 1 sooss.
Lid (of a vessel), <J>y,j~> sarpoosh ;
(of tbe eye), .&£». »*,> pardeh-i-
chesm.
Lies, ijjj> droogh.
Lie, v., jxS' £)j3 droogh guftan ; (to
give tbe lie), ^^ v-i^' takzeeb
harden; (to recline), ^Ju-lTj^ di-
raz Jcasheedan.
Lieutenant, «_-o U naib.
Life,^*c 'omr ; ^Mj zendagee.
Lifeless, ^^ beejdn.
Ligament, ^j pey.
Ligbt, s.j J&jjj roshani ; <j^3j rosh-
nd'ee.
124
VOCABTJLABY.
Light, v., y&f ' £r>3j roshan Tcardan ;
^fj^i\ atesh Icardan ; (to bring
to ligbt), ^jj»&> zdhar Icardan.
Light (not heavy), adj., eL- sabuk.
Lighten v., sf<&~» sabuk Tcardan.
Lighten (flash), ^JuJLi^ darakh-
sheedan.
Lightminded, i- aJ& . khafeef.
Lightning, J/, burk.
Like, jjU mdnend ; Ji« misl ; a-~i>
shabeeh.
Like, v., iy xita ks^»^ doosi dashtan.
Likelihood, JUii.1 ihtimdl.
Likeness, j*~£J tashbeeh.
Limb, yat uzv (pi. Ufil a'za).
Lime, d*1 ahek.
Limit, Jj*. hud.
Limpid, <— »L» sdf.
Line, W±. Ichut.
Line (clothes), v., o^j^ 9 J^
kardan.
Linen, J'dfketdn.
Linger, v., ^\s J_jL tool dddan.
Lining,^-. I aster.
Link,^»aij Asia, hallceh zanjeer.
Linseed, ejyj bazrdk.
Lintel, j tf sardar.
Lion,^-i sheer.
aster
YOCABULAEY.
125
Lip, cJ lub.
Liquidate (debts), v., ^ U\ add
kardan.
List, o~j4? fihrist i a*L- siydheh.
Listen, v., ^^U ^jTgoosh dddan.
Listless, o— . sust.
Litigant, ^^ muda'ee.
Litter, ois takht.
Little, e) Jol andak ; S^ ham ; Jis
kaleel ; isi^^koochek.
Live, v., ^Jwi »J3j zendeh shudan.
Livelihood, \ } jf guzeran.
Lively, o— »■ chust.
Liver, ^ jigger.
Living, iJJ} zendeh.
Lizard, is*ji buz-mejeh.
Load, s.,j\). bur.
Load, v., &z>fj\ bar kardan; ^j/J**.
Tiam'l kardan.
Loaded, tsf } \i bar kardeh; (of a
gun), f^ji pur kardeh.
Loaf, -XS'komaj ; ^ojkurss.
Loan, j>/ kurz.
Lobby, ^jj^kerijdss ; ^ yjJTkafsh
kan.
Lock, s., Ji» kufl.
Lock, v , ti^Ja* kufl kardan.
126
YOCABULAEY.
Locust, J-o malakh.
Lodge, v., o^J;-^ munzel Tear dan ;
j^U Jj^< munzel ddshtan.
Lodging, Jj^ munzel.
Lone, \#3 tanlia.
Long, j\ji derdz.
Look, s., »& negah.
Look, v., ^_f s& negah kardan ;
^Jo-s deedan.
Loosen, ?'., ^-i/ J-i> shul hardan;
goshdd kardan.
Lop (trees), v., ^J^y terasheedan.
Loquacious, i-Jl^a. harrdf.
Lord, dyi buzurg (pi. d ^ buzur-
gdn) ; jgf\ ameer (pi. c-^1 ome) # a').
Lose, v., $j £~ gum kardan.
Lot (chance), l-..., ^ 3 naseeb.
Lots (to cast), r., ^j a^i kure'a
zadan.
Loud, jJo buland.
Love, j^ ishk.
Loved, ijj-la- ma'ashook.
Lover, ,j^lc 'dshik.
Louse, u-?- 1 shepesh.
Low, ac7j. o~j pits*.
Lower, a?., ^^jj/ /roo kardan; ^3^
zf pa-yeen kardan.
VOCABTTLAKY.
127
Loyal f>?)ac mutee' ; j^^j rafaddr,
Luck, o£ bukht, L-.-.-aJ nasseeb.
Lucrative, j?ju mufeed.
Ludicrous, >x± khande'ee.
Lukewarm, *};*?* sheer garm.
Lull, ,j-iy A I dram kardan.
Luscious, Jo.JJ lazeez.
Lust, oj^ii shahvat.
Lustre, ^J^jj roshndee.
Lusty, c^-j;^ J> tan drust.
Lynx, dJj j^j yuz palang.
M.
Mace, J^j topuz ; jL* cliomak.
Machine, o^l aZ^i ; .til* raan^en-e/i.
Mad, i3^.^ deevdneh.
Madder, s., u*^3j ronass.
Made, aoi-L sakhteh.
Magazine, \j& makhzan; j\j\ am-
bar.
Maggot, *f~lirm,
Magnificience, o^j-i. shoket ; J^U.
jelal.
Magpie, jM cXTkeldgh ablak.
Maid,^^ dokhtar.
Majestic, <ul»ll shalidneh.
Ml
Mail (armour), «jj zerreli.
128
VOCABULARY.
Maintain (to assert), v., a sf <-kf*
ta'areef kardan ; (support), ^b»^5
sf negdhdari kardan.
Make, v., ^\-> sdkhtan.
Make, s., aUsi-L, sdkhtemdn ; i-~&
tarkeeb.
Malady, J>j* murraz.
Male,y3 nur.
Mallow (plant), ^"U- khdtemi.
Man, p^l ddam; *j* murd.
Manage, v., zfj~>S> tadbeer kar-
dan.
Manager. ^^ dabeer;^^ mobdsher;
jKi-j peeshkdr.
Mane J'j ydl.
Manful, aSl^y. murdaneli.
Manger, ^±.1 dkhoor.
Mango, sJ\ anbeh.
Manhood, oJj^ rejooliyet.
Manifest, J&\ ashkdr ; ^>\j vdzehh.
Manifest, v., *f \^ nemaydn
hardan.
Manifestation, j^> zelioor.
Mankind, ^\ J-i beni ddam.
Manner, ^> turhh ; £-ij vuz'aij^
joor ; jjb turz.
Manufacture, c^*i-> sana'at.
Manumission, ^\j\ azddee.
TOCABTJLAET.
129
■I
Manuscript, ki£~M dust Jchutt.
Many,j\~~!lisijdr; \ 3 \j feraviin.
Map, Julaj nuksheh.
Marble, j*j+ murmur.
Mare, ^le^U madidn.
Margin, <j~iU hdshieh.
Marigold, j\# *L~+a> hameesheh be-
hdr.
Marjoram, ^ pooneh.
Mark, \lj nishun; l_^}U ildmat.
Market, j IjU bazar.
Marriage, ^jj* 'aroosee.
Marrow, y^ mughz.
Marry, v., ^p^TjU iyal giriftan;
(for a man), ^ & j zun burcL
(for a woman), *fj*^ sho
kardan.
Mars (planet), ^ mereekh.
Marsh, ol^ murdab ; _,Uj noysar.
Marvel, s., e^s* 'ajab.
Marvel, v., a if c_Jk ta'ajub har-
dan.
Ml
Masculine, fx, muzakker.
Mason, *la bannd ; (stone-), ^ly 12L-
sang trash.
Massacre, J^s fruf I.
Mast, JJuj baydak.
130
VOCABULARY.
Master (lord or chief), tsl agha; (of
•a trade), alx-»l ustdd ; (teacher),
^su mo all em.
Mat,^,~~^ hasseer.
Match (for a light), sz+ijS' kibreet ;
(pair), cj» juft.
Material, s., i»,b pdrcheh.
Maternal, ^^U mdderee.
Mathematical, ^Aia hendissee.
Matter, «^>U mddeh.
Mattress, d£«.i ddsliek.
Mature, ^J*-, raseedan.
Mausoleum, jlj- mazdr.
Meadow, ^-^ chaman.
Mean, jifi^. hakeer ; (despicable), JJ3
zaleel.
Mean, ajLo miydneh; (middle), \j~«
meyzdn.
Mean, v., ^Ij Jao ma'ani ddshtan.
Meaning, <j** wta'emi.
Means (revenue), JU rndl ; J^a
dukhl.
>
Measles, el>^ swrkhek.
Measure, til*^ peymdneh .; u*\J ki-
ydss ; »j\ Jol anddzeh.
Measure, v.j ^^T^U-j peymdn kar-
dan ; gijS" u-l^ kiydss kardan ;
^jS^sjljol anddzeh giriftan.
TOCABULAEY.
131
Meat, iz^^gooskt.
Meddle, v., ^f &>\ J* muddkheleh
kardan.
Mediate, v., ^^S^aL-Ij vdseteh kar-
dan.
Mediation, h~>y tavasut.
Medical, <JJ» tib-bee ; e^U» tebdbat.
Medicine, \j<> daw a.
Meditate, v., ^3*?* sanjeedan; sffi
filer kardan.
Medlar, Jijl azgeel.
Meek, v.^U moldyem ; »jil«* maz-
loom.
Meet, v., ^jTcjlsiL moldkdt kardan.
Meeting, u-1** mujliss; oliiL mold'
kdt.
Melancholy, ekJ.s diltang ; jS2* dil-
geer.
Mellow, sJ---, raseedeh.
Melodious, ljw» <,J>y» khosh sedd.
Melon (yellow), *jy.j± kharboozeh
(water-), ajIj-xl* hindoodneh.
Melt, v., &xz* vl db shudan.
Memorandum, c^ta ^, ydd dasht.
Memory, .sU ydd; akiU. hdfizeh.
Men, (jt.^* mardumdn.
Mend, v., zfjt*£ ta' ameer kardan.
Mendicant, \£ gedd.
132
VOCABULARY.
Mention, jJl zikr.
Merchandise, c^Us cjL-iI asbab
tajareh.
Merchant, ^U tdjer ; f\$y> soddger.
Mercifal, -e»y raheem.
Mercury (planet), ^Ikc itarud.
Mercy, ^-j rahm.
Mere, c.^-. sirf; ,>** mate.
Merit, ^^j-* sezdvari.
Meritorious, j lj]^ sezdvar ; &"$ la-
yek.
Message, »U*j payghdm.
Messenger, t^^J f crista deh; (horse),
jlU. chapdr ; (foot), J->U kdsid.
Metal, *JJ» filiz.
Metaphor, <uUS~ kendyeh.
Meteor, vW- shehdb.
Method, ~)o turhli.
Metropolis, o^ n>\jpdyeK takht.
Midday,^ zuh'r.
Middle, I»~»j vussat ; ^L* miydn.
Midnight, t_~i < a-<a3 nisf-i-shub.
Midway, t\j *a*.J neemelx-rah.
Midwife, LU> mama.
Might, oy koovai.
Mild, *j^L moldyem.
Military, ^^i nizdmev.
MilJ !r , >f -i sheer.
VOCABULARY.
133
Mill, L-1 asya.
Miller, ^b L-l asya ban.
Mill-stone, Lt.| eL* sang -i- asya.
ml
Mimic, jJji* moTcallid.
Mince (cut small), v., ^ *+J kay-
meh kardan.
Mind, JSc 'akl.
Mine, s., ^j*. ma'adan.
Mine, v., ^.^TL-aJ nuhb kardan.
Minister, ^ijj vazeer ; (Prime Mini-
ster), Jafi] jj^> sadr aazami.
Minor, j^> sagheer.
Mint (plant), cLo na'ana ; (place
for coining money), *L i_>|> =ara6
khaneh.
Mint, v., ^o; a£L sikkeh zadan.
Minute, <wJj dakeekeh.
Miracle, «js*<> mo'jezeh.
Mirror, <ml dyeneh.
Mirth, ^^.s dilkhoslti.
Miser, j-ds bakheel.
Miserable, JJi zaleel.
Misfortune, j^.^ bad-bukhti.
Miss (a mark), ^^T Iki. khetu kar.
dan.
Mist, a* meh.
Mistake, s., Li. khubt ; ^-» sah'c.
134
YOCABTTLAET.
Mistake, ^j£=> Li. khvbt kardan;
3j^j4~> saWv kardan.
Misunderstand, s~+& t_J^U. kheldf
fo.hmeedan.
Mitigate, ^.ita <-AJ& takhfeef dddan.
Mix, v., c ^fij\3 kdti kardan ; \>^s?
qsJ> makhloot kardon.
Moan, v., ^Jtj ndleedan.
Moat, jJwii. kliunduk.
Mob, (.'^-ijl izdeluim ; Ic^c ghoghd.
Mock, v., ^J'ijsr* maskhareh kar-
dan.
Model, stsj nv.ksheh.
Moderate, Jj^a* mo'tadil.
Modern, »jIj tdzeh ; y no ; Oe^a.
jadeed.
Modest, tffAjZ, sharm-geen ; La.1 bd
hyd.
Moist, adj., J num.
Moisten, ^^b J num dadan.
Molest, v., C) ±J~ ij^su ta'dee' kardan.
Moment, ^1 an.
Monarch, sli.iL padishdh.
Monday, i~£>^ do-shambeh.
Money, J^j pool; sUi^ tankha.
Monkey, ici)y_ boozeeneh; &y+#> may-
moon.
Month, »U mdh.
VOCABULARY.
135
Monument, j fob yadgar.
Moon, sL mdh; i_>Us>L mahtdb ;
(new), J^ helldl; (full), j Jo badr.
More, »^Ijj ziyddeh; yi-j beesh; ^i-o
beeshter.
Moreover, ^j s^^U aldveh ber-een.
Morning, ^> sub'h.
Morrow (to,), \sj> farda.
Morsel, *+& lukmeh.
Mortal (a), l~Jl insan ; (deadly),
t ju^T" kusJiendeh.
Mortar (for pounding), ^U havan ;
(cannon), j^L^- khumpdreh ; jJ
kopuz.
Mosque, J^*** miusjid.
Moss, Jy* mZrkk (pr. mZrgh).
Most, ^51 dksar.
Moth, aj'j^j parvaneh; */ r l-~^ s7<(tb-
/?erre7i.
Molten, j^U mdder ; »^lj valedeh.
Motion, Lr^a. harakat.
Motion (to set in), ,^ta lt^/». hara-
kat dddan.
Motive, L_~~i subub ; tl^l bd'isr.
Mould, cJU kdlib.
Mouldy, d/" kerek ; (to become),
^jj dj^kerek zadan.
Mound, «y tuppeh; J> tut.
136
VOCABTJLABY.
Mountain, s^kooh,
Mourn, v.,^j^. t^-j-Jl afsooss khur-
dan ; &±f \sfo zdri kardan.
Mourning, {jj\^j* 'azaddri.
Mouse, yij* moosh.
Mouth, ^<i dahan.
Mow (to), v., i>f jj& dero kard.an.
Much,jL~J bisyar ; ^^-U. khaili.
Mud, ^fgil ; jiU»l> bc'ctldk.
Muddy, ; b' Mr.
Mulberry (white), oy toot; (black),
ojJ jli s7iaft. toot.
Mule,^ls 7iatw*.
Mundane, ^yi^ dunydvee.
Munificence, o$U"» sekhdvat.
Murder, s., JxS katl • c ^iS^ kushtan.
Murder, i\, i j^kus'htan.
Murmur, 5., & gilleh.
Murmur, v., ^j »J^J lundeh zadan.
Muscle, aLaff azaleh.
Mushroom, —j\S kdrch.
Music (vocal), jljl <n'«z; (instru-
mental), jl~» s«z.
Musician (vocal), jJJlji. klidnendeh;
(instrumental), jJjjL sazendeh ;
t-^k* mutrib.
Musk, eli- mislik.
Musket, eliS tufeng.
VOCABULARY.
137
Musketeer, ^isUaj tufeng -chee.
Muslin, JJL malmal.
Mussulman, ^U — » musulmdn.
Mustachio, J~-» sabeel.
Mustard, J-^p. Tchardal.
Musty, ^jfljtu mutaafan.
Mutineer, ^l yd ghee.
Mutiny, s., &\~J fesad.
Mutiny, v., ^Jti ( y-\jydghees?iudan.
Mutter, -v., ^JjJ^J landeedan.
Mutton, jjJ^jT c^jf goosht-i-goos-
fond.
Mutual, tfs^k tarafayn.
Muzzle, j^jsjjj poozehband.
Myrtle, ■i ) y> moord.
Mysterious, ^Jis* makhfi.
Mystery, j^, rdz.
N.
Nail (finger), ^'o nakhun ; (peg)
jtf-o meekh ; (claw), do>. chung.
Naked, s^tj berehneh ; &•>_/■ 'arydn.
Name, s., *\i nam ; ^1 ism.
Name, v., ^J^k ntfmeecfom.
Namely, ^^o yaani.
Nap (of cloth), idfkurlc.
Nap, s., c^». churt.
138
VOCABULARY.
Nap (to take a), v., ^aj o^. churt
zadan.
Napkin, JLjj, roomal.
Narcissus, ^jSji nergess.
Narration, oi^- hekayat.
Narrow, eUi' tung.
Nation, v^lo mil-lut.
Native, ,Ju»l aslee.
Nativity, &j>y mowlood.
Natural, j^ tubeo'ee ; J>li zatee.
Nature, o»*-l> tabee'at ; oli z«i.
Naval, i^fS*. bahree.
Near, ck.jp nazdeek.
Neat, j-J tameez.
Necessaries, ^Ujlj) lowazemat.
Necessary, »p lazim.
Neck, aJ, rakdbeh ; zfgardayi.
Necklace, J^j ^jTgardan-bund.
Nectarine, Jii shaleel.
Need, s., o<?-U. hajat; ^_W^ ihtidj.
Need, v., ^U *-W^ ihtidj dashtan ;
^ji -.U-s* mohtaj shudan.
Needle, ^jj- soozan.
Needless, pjVli na lazem.
Needy, -A=s* mohtaj.
Neglect, v., zf<z^s£. gihjlat kardan.
Negligent, Ji^ gliafil.
YOCABTIIAEY.
139
Negociate, v., i^ ^^ moameleh
Tcardan.
Negociation, aLU* moameleh.
Neighbour, .uL^ humsdyeh.
Neighbourhood, ^fi^-** hamsdyeh-
gee.
Neither, ^1*5 ^JaS ne-een ne-an.
Nephew, i^j } ^ji brdder zddeh ;
s^\jjst\j^ Jch'dher zddeh.
Nerve, (— ~at assab.
Nest, <uV laneh ; *^\ ashyaneh.
Net, } £> toor ; ^ dam.
Nettle, vj^gezeneh.
Never, Jy» Imrgez ; oSj ^* heech
voikt.
Neutral, <-»}> ^ bee tarof.
New, y no ; »j^' tdzeh; J4*i» jadeed.
News, j± hhabar ; (good), *^>
muzhdeh.
Next (adjoining), J-»^ mutassil ;
a^,^ payvasteh; (following), »Xi\
ayende/i.
Nib, eli wiZA-.
Niece. See Nephew.
Night, e~i shub.
Nightgown, s~i ^^ pcrdhani-
shub.
140
Nightingale, ^ bulbul.
Nimble, elU. chahuk.
Nipple, ^^-j pistdn.
Nitre, a^i slworeh
Nobility, ^j> buzurgee; j^ji bu-
zurgawar ; ^V nejabat.
Noble, c-~si nejeeb ; v£jj* buzurg.
Oj-e
VOCABULABY.
Nobleman,^*-! ameer.
Nobody, u-^ft" heechkass.
Noise, 1 Xo sedu ; j\j\ avdz ;
sot ; eJolj bong.
Noisome, j** muzirr.
Nominal, ^y furzee ; ,JW- khialee
None, ^a heech.
Nonsense, ^J* j^-j bee hoodegee; ^>^>
bee ma'ani.
Noose, yX^kamand.
North, JUi sliemal.
Nose, sU^ demagTi; <j~o beenee.
Nosegay, JS* <u->.s dusteh gul.
Not, U -na; &> neh.
Note, Jj rakkam.
Nothing, -£* heech.
Notice, ^"M i'ldn.
Notion, JU. fcTiiaZ.
Noun, j,-.! ism.
Nourish, t\, ^Joj^j parvareedan.
' Now, ^5)1 aZ-aw ; ¥L 7iaZa.
VOCABULARY.
Ill
Nowhere, U. **^>j* der lieech jd.
Number, ^Js. adad.
Nurse, jjU ddyeh.
Nut (hazel or filbert), jJ^i funduk ;
(wall-), )*f girdoo ; (pistachio),
x^jpisteh; (cocoa), J*?-^ narjeel.
Nutmeg, J^lj^- juz-el hind.
Nutriment, \J* ghezd.
O.
O ! ij\ at.
Oak, ojli baloot.
Oar, j;b par oo.
Oath, *~J kassam.
U-i sa-
Obdurate, Jj o^** safefcf diZ
Obedience, o-cU»l ita'nt.
Obedient, *Ja* muted.
Obeisance, *&*> ta'azeem; ^
lam.
Obey, v., ^i/'c^W itaat kardan
Object, s., ^yiA* maksood.
Object, v., ^f i\j\ irad giriftan.
_. I
cy~*
wamnoon
Oblige, v.,
sdkhtan,
Oblique, Uo,j\ ureef.
Obliterate, v., &±ff~> naskh kardan;
&i>f^>, puk kardan.
Oblivion, J^y^J fardmooshee.
142
VOCABTJLAEY.
Obscene, isJIjIs na-pdk.
Obscure, ^^ tdreek.
Observe (to look), a *f s£ nig ah
kardan ; (to keep), ^^ s& nigdh
dashtan.
Obstacle, >uL mane*.
ObstiDate,^-^. khudsar.
Obstruct, v., ^^TojuU- memana'at
kardan.
Obstruction, o*iL* memana'at.
Obtain, ^Ij ydftan; ^^TJ^U 7iaseZ
kardan*
Obviate, o*f £*j raft kardan.
Obvious, j&\ dshkdr.
Occasion, \z~»f fursut ; Js* mahal.
Occasional, J>\&\ itifaki.
Occupant, «— »yz* mutesarif.
Occupation, Jii shfighil; Jfkar.
Occur, v., *xZ> *s\j vdlceh shudan.
Occurrence, ir^iiS^i sar-guzasht.
Ocean, L^ ^, bahr moheet.
Odd (not even), *? furd; (strange),
i_^e gliareeb.
Odour, _^ boo.
Off, or far off, J**j ba'eed ; ^ door.
Offence,^~aa-> takseer.
Offend, v., ^-XJlsij ranjdneedan.
(Offender, ^roiu mukasser.
YOCABULABY.
1-13
Offer, v., ^fuJd tahleef kardan.
Office (post), c_~^ munsub ; (chan-
eery), jjU^j daftar khdneh.
Officer, >_ ^ ; o l-o-U sahib munsub.
Offspring, £>jj> farzand.
Oh ! J\j vai.
Oil, c^JJ roghan.
Oilman, J> 3 j ^jj roghan feroosh.
Old (aged) ,^> peer; (ancient), pM
lcadeem; (not new), ^fkuh-neh.
Oleander, i^s. khar-zahreh.
Olfactory, jl-iy booddr.
Olive, ^yaj zaytoon.
Omelette, £fkookoo.
Omen,^! dkhter ; JU /aZ.
Omnipotence, o,JJ kudrat.
On, ji bar; Vl» b«Z«; Jy /o&; ^
aZa.
Once, a«9jJo yek-dafa'a; h>j*£>. yek-
murtaba ; j^i yek-bdr.
Oneself, 3j» fe/tud.
Onion, jl*j piydz.
Only, V 3 ' tanhd.
Onward, u~-j peesh.
Onyx, (JU-L. dL- sang i suleimani.
Open, «., &/$*. *>az kardan ; oif^3
vd kardan.
Open, j l» b«z ; jb vaz.
144
VOCABTTLAEY.
Openly, *J&,\ dshkdreh.
Opinion, sJ^ac akeedeh ; ^$]j raee.
Opium, 12) Ia/ tar yak.
Opponent, <-hj*- hareef.
Opportunity, o-^i fursat; o-sj
vakt.
Oppose, v., sfxz> zid kardan.
Opposite (in position), ^.oj, roo-
be-roo ; J>li-« mukabil ; (adverse),
ijSs- aks.
Opposition, oilli" mukhdlifat.
Oppress, v., ±j> Jk> zulm kardan;
^^T^jjy ta'adi kardan.
Oppressed, *j&>* mazloom.
Oppression, jJJj zulm.
Oppressor, J'J» zalim.
Or, \> yd.
Orange, JUj^ portughdl ; (mandarin),
,j£>j^ ndrengee ; (Seville), J>J^
ndrenj.
Orator, ,jLl3 ndtik.
Orchard, cli bdgh.
Order (command), tJ-i^J farmdyesh ;
»&* hukm ; (disposition), ^~jy
tarteeb ; J*> nuzm.
Order (command), v., ^y>/ far-
moodan ; ^ata S*. hukm, dddan ;
(arrange), ^ata t-~-V J ' tarteeb dd-
VOCABULARY.
115
dan ; ab Ji3 nuzm dadan ; ^>
gAjfmunazam kardan.
Ordinarily, L^c imoomdn.
Oriental, ,_//-• mushraki.
Origin, J*>l «sL
Original, ^Jul asli.
Ornament, jyj zeever.
Orphan, *~> yateem.
Ostensible, jt^ zdhir.
Ostrich, pj+j£> shutur murgh.
Other, J&z deeger ; y_L sdyer ; j£
ghair.
Oven 5J yj tanoor.
Over, ¥1? bald.
Overhead,^-. ^VU bald-isar.
Overhear (to tell tales), v., &* a *"
&fsukhan cheen kardan.
Overlook (a house), r., ^ >_*/-.
muslirif boodan.
Oversee, v., ^f 'c^iU mubdsherat
kardan.
Overseer, ^U nmbdsher.
Oversight, ^4- sa fi v.
Ought, Jo.Ij bayed.
Our, U ma.
Out, or Outside, ^ beroon.
Outrage, j^^j zubberdusti. .
Owe, v., ,^-ta J>j* kurz dashtan.
146
TOCABULAEY.
Owl, *y. boom; <ix* chughd.
Own, ^=* khud.
Own, v., o*f jj>\ ihrar kardan ;
^jT^]^] i'tirafkardan.
Owner, t_~=*L> sahib ; dJL malik.
Ox, j^ gdv.
Oyster, i_iJ-» sadaf.
P.
Pace, *J£ hadam.
Pacify, dJLa* musaliheh.
Pack, v., c ^~j bustan.
Packing-needle, jja y}\j*. javal dooz.
Padlock, J» fcii/i.
Pagan, o-«^ e>? bwt jparoM.
Page (of a book), js?-* safha ; (at-
tendant), c^-J^ J~j (.^c gholam
peesh-khidmet.
Pageant, l-Ui' tamtisha.
Paid, »J^> Ul ad# shudefi.
Pain, j, j cZitrcZ.
Paint, s., dJ, rangr.
Paint, v., a &j v&>j rang zadan ; { Ji3j
^f nuksh Icardan.
Pair, ofl?. juft.
Palace, s^^ dargah ; c^Uc imdrat.
Palanquin, a \^j o>=? takliterawan.
Palatable, ^W-* muzzehdur.
VOCABULARY.
147
Palate, ^^ <-JH-j sukf-i-dahan.
Palm (tree), Up. kliorma; (of hand),
o—i t_sT kuf-i-dust.
Palsey, &Z*j ra'asheh.
Paltry, iz~~^ pust.
Pant, v., ^J^-k tapeedan.
Pantaloons, j IjLa shalwar.
Panther, eLb palang.
Pantry, <uU. io^ sliarbat klidneh.
Paper, J*1T kdghaz ; (news), t*\jjjj
Paradise, cJl« behesM.
Parallel, ^L-*, musdvi.
Paralysis, J& faleej.
Paramour, jJ, rafeek.
Parcel, as-j busteh ; ^ bukcheh.
Parchment, y»\ u--^ poost-i-ahoo.
Pardon, yi-li? bakhshesh ; ^_j'-«-.
ma' a/.
Pardon, cJ -i/' «— *\** ma'af kardan j
^jJLic baklisheedan.
Pare, v., ^J^i.1/ tarasheedan.
Parent, JJlj v filed.
Parole, Jy kol.
Parrot, ^>£> tootee.
Parrot-like, jj^lj ^^ tootee vfiree.
Parsimony, J* bukhl.
Parsley, l£^«* ja'aferi.
148
VOCABTTLAEY.
rtrfTfc
Part, Sj'j pdreh ; a£j> tikkeh ;
hisseh.
Particular,, ^ya*? makhsoos ; u^li.
khass.
Pai'ticularly, U^ai. khesoosan ; leyasfi
makhsoosan.
Partner, d^ snareek.
Partridge (red-legged), eLS" kubk ;
(royal), ^^ dX fca&fc derree ;
(stone), j^i teehoo.
Pass (mountain), uijTgardaneh.
Pass, «., ^^^ guzaslitan.
Passage (river or mountain), ^ju>
ma'abar; (in a house), jyl, rah-ro.
Passenger, yl~* musdfer.
Passport, s/jJ tezkereh.
Past, x^jfguzashteh.
Paste, ^-»i khameer.
Pasture (ground), Vj* marta'.
Pasture, v., cj^W cherdneedan.
Patch, iL»j vasleh.
Paternal, ^Jo pedderee.
Patience,^ sa&r,- <jL>ja. hoseleh.
Patriot, o-j^ ^j vatan doost.
Patron, <jy* murubi.
Pattern, <s3^»5 nemooneh.
Pave, v., ^.Tyi^ tsk-i sangr /arsft.
fcardcm.
Pavement, yj>j> d^~. sang farsh.
VOCABULARY.
1 l«J
Pavilion, ,Xi/ t^kolah ifrengi.
Paw, L pa ; *& penjeh.
Pawn, v., ^SfjJ'gero guzashtan.
Pawn. See Chess.
Pay, t-«a.lj-<> mowajib.
Pay, v., zf\i>\ add Icardan ; ^U Ul
add dadan.
Pea (green), ^j* ty£ nakhood fren-
gi ; (chick), ^syd nakhodcheh.
Peace, Xo sulhh.
Peacock, i^-jU» taoos.
Peach, jl^*. hooloo.
Peak, ts kelleh.
Pear, ^^W gulabi.
Pearl, Jo^ljj-o mv.rwareed.
Peasant, ojU, ra'ayat.
Peculiar, ^U. khdss.
Pedigree, J~i nasi.
Pedlar, u-jy '^.J* khurdeh froosh.
Peel, o- ^ poost.
Peg, j^-o meekh.
Pen, Js kalam.
Pencil, ^IJld Js kalam med ad ; &\»
medad.
Penetration, ^y^ teezhooshi.
Penitence, o-1jj nedamat.
Penknife, \J^J^ kalamtrdsh.
Penman, y-jy Jij> klwsh nevees.
150
VOCABULAKY.
u)
Pension, asJjj vazeefeh ; ^j+z~* mus-
tamurree.
Pensioner, jy» iLkj vazeefeh khor.
Pensive, Jdsu mutafdkvr.
Penury, _ Ua.1 ihtiaj.
People, jU. khalk ; Jjis* maklilook.
People, v., ysj> M abdd Tcardan.
Pepper, JaU filfil.
Perceive, v., ^JA o^l« multafat shu-
dan.
Peremptory, ^Lls kati'.
Perfect, *Uj' tamdm.
Perfidy, o3L±. khiyanat.
Perfume, ^k* 'at**.
Perfume, v., a sfjvu mu' attar Icav
dan.
Perhaps, Juli shayed.
Peril, Jai. khattar.
Permanent, Jta day em.
Permission, sjL>l ijdzeh ; ^il izn.
Perquisite, Ji.lj*> muddkhil.
Persia, ^1^1 ir^im.
Person, ^^r 1 shukhss.
Personally, Lwr- shukhssan.
Perspicuity, Jajj^ teeznazar.
Perspiration, j^ 'ara&.
Persuade, «., ^if ^j ra " z ^ kardan.
Pestilence, ^Ik tdoon.
VOCABULAEY.
151
Pestle, ^j^* *^>* dasteh havan.
Petition, a^p 'o/reezeh.
Pheasant, Jjl5/ karkaool.
Phlegm, Jij balgha-m.
Phrase, J^>\ istilahh; <z>jlz ibarat.
Pick, «., ^^ cheedan.
Pick (tooth), J^U. feTieZil.
Pickaxe, xXlcoland.
Pickle, J^J turslii.
Picture, a££5 naksheh ; &jy> soorat.
Piebald, jl»l aftkfc.
Piece, JjIj pdreh ; & tikkeh.
Piety, is*>l»i diyanat.
Pig, d^i. khook.
Pigeon, /$i" kabootar ; (vulg. >af
Tcaftar) .
Pike, sj-j nayzeh.
Piles (disease), ^-V boraseer.
Pilgrim, jljj zowdr ; (to Mecca), ^L*
Pilgrimage, o/jj ziarat.
Pill, »--» 7iub.
Pillage, o,lc ghdrai.
Pillar, j=~> setoo?i.
Pillow, £u mutaka.
Pin, d j^- soozan.
>
Pincers, ^1 anbur.
Pinch, ^fj^> nishkun giriftan.
152
VOCABULARY.
Pious, t^>JJu muTcudas.
Pipp» Jt^ chebuoh.
Pi q u a n t, j b ^o muz z e hdar ;
muzzeli.
Pistachio, <i^~j pisteli.
Pistol, as: Li' tabanclieh.
Pitch, eJj zift ; Jt ? keer.
Pitch (with pitch), v., ^J^U
maleedan ; ^JJ'-* j£ keer
dan ; (a tent), &j ji>\.
zadan.
Pitcher, tj^koozeli.
Pitiless, *3"j<3 bee rah' m.
Pith, ji* mughz.
i j-c
l» &a
maZee-
chadur
Pity, *&•; ration.
Place, U- j« ; J&* makan.
Plague, ^U> ta'oon.
Plain, s., \j£° sahra.
Plain, adj.,j\)+to hamvdr ; ^_i
(ugly), oij zisht.
Plaintiff, ^J^ mudaee.
Plan, d-laJ naksheh.
Plane (tree), jU^. chenar.
Plank, ais: takliteli ; r _jJ Zo/Ji
Plaut, sz> biitteh.
Plaster, Sgach.
Plate. oU^j boshkab.
Platform, £~> sakoo.
U sa/;
VOCABULARY.
Play, s., ^jl bazi.
Play, v., ^f i^jlj bazi kardan.
Pleasant, ui^- khosh ; (of a place),
U-» o ba sefd ; »j» khoram.
Pleiades, ^j. parveen.
Plenipoteuce, J^&~>1 istikldl.
Plentiful, \j\ji ferdvdn.
Plough, psr 1 shukhm.
Pluck (flowers), v., a J#* cheedan;
(a bird), '^.^Sc^l abreet kardan.
Plum, j)l aloo.
Plunder, c^lc ghdrat.
Plural, ***. jame'.
Pocket, <-~a. jeeb.
153
a*: Li" ketabcheh
Pocket-book, J«
baghali.
Poern,^i> shiHr.
Poet,^cli sliair.
Point (dot), JaftJ nukteh ; (of a
speech, etc.), <uCi nukteh ; (of a
sword, etc.) >>r - sar.
Poison, y*j za7i'r.
Pole (geographical), c_Ja» feuft; (of
a tent), d,.> derefc.
Policeman, ^-J^ poleess.
Polite, ^^U mo'adab.
Pollute, yzj'v-? no/as kardan.
Pomegranatejlil andr.
154
VOCABULABY.
Pomp, o^ia- hishmet.
Pond, ij>y* hoz; ^^ istakhr (vulg.
J^J istalkh).
Ponder, v., ^J*^* - sanjeedan.
Ponderous, c ^£-j sangeen.
Poniard, &*s kameh.
Poor, jjis fakeer ; tj\$i bee chdreh.
Poppy, ^IsA* khashkhdsh.
Populace, -It '#m.
Porcelain, ^j^ cheenee.
Porcupine, ^ i*.y± joojeh teghee.
Port,jJ^ bunder.
Porter, ^'u,^ durban ; ^yj* ka-
poochi.
Portico, ^kjl di/van.
Portion, a^a. Msseh.
Position, Js* mahal.
Positive, ^jftju yakeen.
Positively, Uj*j yakeenan ; Lk* 7iu/c-
Possess, v., ^jiita dashtan ; i—^m
^jiita tassaruf dashtan.
Ml
Possession, i-J^ai' tassaruf.
Possible, ^Co mumkin.
Possibly, JoU. shayad.
Possibility, K*\ imkdn.
Post (letter), ii.->^j poos£; (situation),
VOCABTJLABY.
mansab ; (timber, etc.), J*«
155
meel.
Posterior, t-^ 'akab.
Posterity, ^j\ owldd.
Postmaster, diU?~4 ^j reis posta-
khdneh.
Post-office, ail* ix-i posta khdneh.
Postpone, v., ^ >-*yy mowkoof
kardan.
Pot, eHj«j deeg ; ijykoozeh.
Potash, cjU^-9 Italy db.
Potato,
kS^J
seeb-i-zameeni.
Potter, J^tjfkoozeliger.
Pour, v., ,.jxa£j reekhtan.
Poverty, ^J\S^ geddee.
Powder (gun- ), ^^bdroot ; (medi-
cine), ujy-. sefoof.
Power, oy koovat; ty,Ji kudrat; jj)
zoor.
Practice, j£- mashk.
Praise, Uoju ta'areef.
Prank, i^> sheeveh.
Prawn, £~» maygoo.
Prayer, U^ dud ; jLi nemdz.
Preach, v., ^f^-3 va'az kardan.
Preacher, Mj vd'iz.
Mi
Precedent, a*jJu mukadameh.
Precious, ^f gerdn-, j-»-S kaimati.
156
VOCABULAKY.
Precipice, sV&jjptirtgah.
Preface, *>.Ljj deebdcheh ; s+J&c mu-
kadameh.
Prefer, v., a\± *^h tarjeelih
dddan.
Preference, •>=►./ tarjeelih.
Preferment, JiJ turukki.
Pregnant, yji-ol dbestan.
Premium, ^tab pdddsh.
Preparation, e^lJo teddruk ; i-^
tehieh.
Prepare, v., ^>t> d,ljJ tedaruk dee-
daw; ytj a.J tehieh kardan ; ^U
Q&jTlidzer kardan.
Presence, ^.a*. hezoor ; £y±j vejood.
Present (not absent), ^U. hdzir ;
(from inferior to superior), i_i,l*y
ta'druf; J^J-ti 2 ) &eshkesh ; (su-
perior to inferior), old! iltifdt ;
(of money), ..Ui! ana' dm; (present
w
tense), -vJU hdlieh; (at present),
5)U. fraZa ,- (for the present), Jiio
Preserve (jam), s., l^* murabbd.
Preserve, v., t ^\^ siJnegah ddshtan.
Press (squeeze), v., *j2J feshurdan ;
^^jl djj' iaua dwardan.
Presume (imagine), v., ^ JU-^
YOCABULABY.
157
khidl kardan ; (be presumptuous),
^ijT&j^ a. j essdr at kardan.
Presumption, ^^— ?• jessdrat.
Pretence, «jjI# bahdneh.
Preternatural, sJs-\3 ui^-i. khaldf-i-
Tcaadeh.
Prevail, v., ^J^ c-J^ ghdlib shit-
dan.
Prevent, v., c ^i^ j\>. bdz dashtan ;
^j^, «iU mdn'e shudan.
Previous, j~~j peeshter.
Prey, J** sayd ; J&, shekdr.
Price, o*s5 kaymat.
Priceless, o-o-S ,j bee Tcaymat.
Pride, jj;/; ghroor.
Prince, .oljsli. shdhzddeh.
Princelike, ajUli shdhdneh.
Princess, JU. *^lj«lii shdhzddeh hh.a-
num.
Principal (sum), J-.1 oslj (chief),
^-J, reHss.
Print, «., ^^TujU c/wp kardan.
Printer, ^j^V chdpzan.
Prison, ^r^- hubss ; gUij zenddn.
Prisoner, u-^** mahbooss.
Privacy, e^U. khalvat.
Private, u»l> khdss; u>y*& makh-
sooss.
158
TOCABTJLABY.
Privately, J& mukhfee; J\h j*
dur penhdnee.
Prize, v., ^\z jij* 'azeez dashtan.
Probable, [ J^> mumkin.
Probability, J&\ imkdn.
Procession, tz~>z dusteh.
Procrastinate, v., &&J'\sf 3)ijA ^ m "
rooz o fardd kardan.
Produce, v., &* j3 \ j> bar awardan;
^J^jtt^i zaher kardan.
Profit, £» nafe ; s&M fdyedeh.
Profitable, sJu> mofeed.
Profound, j*** 'ameek.
Prohibit, v., oif^* man ' e kardan;
^j&U jb bdz dashtan; &&\* 1j va
ddshtan.
Project, s., s*]j\ irddeh.
Project, v., *f **\j\ irddeh kar-
dan.
Promise, »J*j va'adeh; Jy kol.
Promise, v., a *h f^j va'adeh da-
dan; &&\& JjS kol dddan.
Promote, v., a *\* JJ turukki dddan.
Promotion, J>J> turukki.
Promulgate, v., a *\* ^j^ shuhrat
dddan.
Pronunciation, fcaS talafuz.
Proof, J^-i daleel.
VOCABTTLABY.
159
Proper, l^*-^ drust ; L-—.U-* mu-
ndsib.
Property, JU mal.
Prophet, jr**~> payghambar.
Proposal, i— flJ£>' takleef.
Propose,^., .«i>j k-ftJ^i' takleef kardan.
Proprietor, c_-a.U sahib ; eUU
malik.
Propriety, { f^\t> shdyestigee.
Prospect, Ja^c munzur.
Prosperity, Jtsl ikbdl.
Prosperous, JU1 I? ba ikbdl.
Protect, v., ^jfo-iU*. hemdyet kar-
dan.
Protector, ^.U. Titfmi.
Proud, j^«* maghroor ; jSL> muta-
kabir.
Prove, v., ^^p l^o^ sdbit kardan.
Provender, jJ* 'aleek.
Proverb, Ji* masal.
Provided, £XjL> beshart-i-kch.
Province, oe^j veld yet.
Providence, ysfa^j)/* vorcardi-gari.
Provision, tjt±j zakhireh.
Proviso, \>jZ* shart.
Provocation, ekys tahreek.
Provoke, v., y^-Cll angeekhtan; vkj£
^f tahreek kardan.
160
VOCABULARY.
an-
Provoker, is),** muhank ; jt±
geez.
Prudence, c^u haseerat ; ^jLi*
hoshydri.
Prudent, j Ll* Iwshyar ; Jslc '#HL
Public (the), s. pie ^m.
Puff out, v., ^/ly foot hardan.
Pull, v., s^lcasheedan.
Pulley, ^a. cha/rkh.
Pulpit, ^~u muriba/r.
Pulse, ^ nabz.
Pumpkin, j>>S" Tcadoo.
Pun, -lajl iliam.
Puuisb, «., ^^S^a-^" tanbeeh hardan.
Punishment, a~jj tanbeeh;
sidssat.
Pupil, ^Sj^=>\z, shagird.
Purchase, s., Jo^i. Jchareed.
Purchase, v., ^J^p- Ichareedam.
Purchaser, j\ Jo^i. Ichareed.ar ; ^jj^**
mushtari.
Pure, tiU *«/; j^L sddeh.
Purgative, Jf-~» mus-liil.
Purify, v., (jjj/'iJ'wi sdf hardan.
Purple (crimson), ,j\^-j\ drghawdni;
(blue), *ii^ benefshehi.
Purport, i_Jlu matlab.
Purpose, ji_^aio mahsood.
TOCABULAET.
101
Purse, i^S"keese% ; ^jS"keef.
Pursue, v., ^y^is. 'aliab kardan.
Push, v., $4$j ui-j peesh randan.
Put, v., { ^\J^ guzdshtan ,• ^U 5 ne-
hadan.
Putrefy, v., g&xS'gandeedan.
Putrid, t&jJUTgandeedeh.
Puzzle, v., yj^T J\ri^- hay ran kar-
dan.
. Q
Quadrangle (court), oU hay at ;
(square), /ijj* muraba.
Quadruped, t,W*- chdrpd.
Quadruple, J/JLjl-a-*. chehdr muka-
bil.
Quail, c^yjJ^ bildercheen.
Quality, jIjju mikddr.
Quantity, ^1 Jiu mikddr.
Quarrel, *«»U* murafe'eh; ^jy-tda'wa.
Quarter, q rub'e ; i^ ; U*- chehdr-
yeky or d,U chdrek.
Queen, a^L> malakeh.
Quell, v., £,$£ \s^*\~> sdkit kardan.
Quench (fire), ^.^Tji^U. kharno
kardan; (thirst), ^sf ^Xi3 £.9,
ra/'e tishnagi kardan.
Question, Jj£- soo-al.
162
VOCABULARY.
Quick (speedy), J^J tund ; (living),
^a. ha'i ; »JJj zendeh.
Quicksilver, jh-ij zaybak ; ty-^a. je e-
veh-
Quiet, J,1 dram.
Quilt, t— »U lahdf.
Qaince, jj beh.
Quit, v., ^^J>[tarlc Cardan.
IN
Quite, *J^=Jl? bil-kulli-eh.
Quotation, J£i mtH.
Quote, v., zf^& nuTcl kardan.
R
Rabbi, *U.«. khdkhdm.
Rabbit, <J»fj» khargoosh.
Rabble, -u&a hengdmeh.
Raddish, aa-y torubcheh.
Radiance, Ji^jj roshndee.
Rafter, ^j teer.
Rag, a^j peeneh.
Railing, j^* ma'jur.
Railway, ^\i\, rdh-i-dhen .
Raiment, y-U lebas.
Rain, ^l bar an ; J^j^ barish.
Rain, ^J^ bdreedan.
Rainbow, ^jS^y kos-i-kazahh.
Raisp, v., ^Ijjj bar ddshtan.
Rake, ySTeJla. khak-kesh.
TOCABULAET.
1G3
Ram, l Ji ir c meesh.
Ramble, ^J^. sayr kardan.
Ramrod, a~-« sunbeh.
Rancid, ***£ tukhmaee.
Rancourous, i^'keenehee.
Random, ,J^\ itifdki.
Rank, ^li sha'an.
Ransack, ^^/"c^lc ghdrat kardan.
Ransom, a> ji fadiyeh.
Rapid, jJ teez ; Jo tund.
Rapier, s^IjJ kaddreh.
Rare, t->'o Skam yah.
Rascal. t&\j p\j*. hardm zadeh.
Rascality, u 5^1j »\^ hardm zddehgee.
Rash, l»l>1 j> bee ihtidt.
Ravage, v., &*f^3 tardj kardan..
Raven, t\) zdgh.
Raw, J.U. kham; tali ndpookhteh.
Ra y> jilrf porta
Razor, (j*—^ AJ tee^i daldki.
Reach, v., ^ajL, o— j dust resdnee*
dan.
Reach, s., u-j Lr~—> dust rus.
Read, p.p., sJily. khdndeh.
Read, v., ^Ail^i. khdndan.
Readily, J^Ij bdmayl.
Ready, ^L. lulzer.
Ready-cash, JJii nukd.
164
VOCABULAET.
hdkeeki.
hakeekatan.
^=Jl*-o mamlakat.
Real, J'
Really,
Realm,
Heap, v.,- o^Jj^ ^ er0 kardan.
Rear (bring up), v., a <kj%i parvaree-
dan; (as a horse), ^L~il Ijj^j
bardopd istddan.
Eeason (mind), Jae akl ; (proof),
JJa daleel.
Rebel, J^_ yaghi.
Rebel, v., jjJw. .^V yaghi shudan.
Rebound, v., c ^Tjb fraz gashtan.
Rebuke, v., ±f *JJjj~> sarzanesh
kardan.
Recall, v., ^A~& j^ baz talabeedan.
Recede, v.. <j£>j>. bargasMan; {:} ^Sj^
bdzgashtan.
Receipt, J*-, raseed ; ^> kubz.
Receive, ^J> giriftan ; ^^Tj^J ka-
bool kardan.
Recent, sjl; tdzeh.
Recite, v., ^^fjai nakl kardan.
Reckon, v., ^-^.T'cjl-^a. hissdb kar-
dan.
Recognise, v., c ^i.Li shendkhtan.
Recollect, v., ^a\>_ ydd kardan.
Recommend, v., ^sf uV* - sefd-
resh kardan.
YOCABTTLAEY.
16;
Recommendation, ^la- sefdreshi.
Recompence, <J>\*L pdddsh ; sy*
muzd ; olslC mukdfdt.
Reconcile, v., ^^b zJ^\ dshti dddan.
Record, v., i>f^^4 suit kardan.
Recover (get back), v., ^IjjIj bdz
ydftan; (health), ^l lii shefd
ydftan.
Rectitude, jJu» sidh ; ( jJ\ J rdstee.
Red (crimson), j*J kirmiz; (scarlet),
ty
surkh.
Reduce, v., ±f S^kam kardan.
Reed, ^ nay.
Reel, £i3*b£ kaldfeh-nakh.
Refer, v., c *j~ *+\j rdji' kardan;
^ijj\j^y\^ vaguzdr kardan.
Reflect (think), v., ^j^x-^ son
dan.
Refrain, ^^JLT'o— j dust kasheedan.
Refuge, «b pendh.
Refuge (to take), v., a ^\ *tj pendh
awardan.
Refuse, v., ^J^ Jj-» kabool nekar-
dan.
Refute, v., ^J'^j rud kardan.
Regard (esteem), v., j&\* j>je- 'azeei
ddshtan; (look at), ±jfi& ne<jdh
kardan.
166
VOCABTTLAEY.
Regard (esteem), fir^ iMiram.
Regent, *li* -i^ kd'im makdm; ^^V
ja-nesheen.
Regiment, ~y foj.
Region, ^V naivdliee.
'Register, s.,>»o daftar (pL>l»a de-
bater) .
Register, v., &*f*z4 subt kardan.
Regret, u->~^ afsooss.
Regret, v., ^sib ^-j-il a/sooss d«s7i-
ian.
Regular, *J*te ^ 6« kd'adeh.
Regularly, sO^U jsl^ mo' dfik-i-ka' a-
deli.
Regulate, v., C )'ib *~e£tanzeem dadan
Regulation, sJ^V§ kd'adeh; ^y^ kd-
noon.
Reign, s., oJJL- sultanat.
Reign, v., ^.a^o^aLi sultanat /car-
dan.
Rein, jl». o-»«> dust-i-jelo.
Relate, v., c-iT J 55 ^ w7cl kardan;
^jdfsj* kisseh guftan.
Release, v., ^^T^jl dzdd kardan.
Religion, &a deen ; l-*»J* muzhab.
Relish, tj* muzzeh.
Rely, v., jj^-U atefcl itakad dashtan.
Remain, v., JoL mandan.
VOCABTTLAEY.
Remainder, ^st bdki.
Remarkable, t-^ 'ajab.
Remedy, ^s. ilaj ; »,L. chdreh.
Remember, ^b at ydd ddshtan.
Remembrance, .si ydd; (souvenir),
^tat yddgar,
Remind, v., ^jl at y#d mvardan ;
ij-tf u^'^' - ydddveri kardan.
Remissness, cJisc. ghiflat.
Renew, v., ^^Tjoj^J' tajdeed kar-
dan.
Renounce, v., ±fJCA inkar kardan.
Rent (fissure), dU. c/iafc ; (bire),
S, -s.
ijdreh; a^kerdyeh.
167
ta'ameer
Repair (mend), ^a^S"
Cardan.
Repairs, oj^w ta'ameerat.
Repeal, v., ^^Tjtt 6a£ e £ A:arf7<>>i.
Repeat, «., ^pTjl i« 3 guftan ; j\jZj
v^ftikrar kardan.
Repeatedly, ^^C mukarar.
Repent, v., j^ ^I^JLj peshimdn
shudan.
Repentance, J>^+Ai peshimdni.
Repetition, jl^Gi tikrdr.
Replete, ^U-» mamlu.
Reply, ^l^a- jawab.
Report, j*± khabar ; cj^i. shuhret.
168
VOCABULARY.
Repose, v., ^f e^o.1^.1 isterahat
kardan.
Repose, s.,o^l/-l isterahat; ^Jiiy~>\
dsoodegee.
Represent (expose), v., sf j\&>\ iz-
hdr kardan.
Reprieve, oU* mulilat.
Reproach, d «5j &&> ta'aneh zadan.
Reprove, v., sf J^)j~> sarzanish
kardan.
Reptile, ; jjU. janiver.
Reputation, )j>\ abroo ; i^-mIj nd-
mooss.
Reputable,^** md'taber.
Request, v., *f u 8 *!?* kha'hesh
kardan.
Request, s., (ji*^ kha'hesh.
Require, v., ^\j± khdstan.
Requisite, &*p Idzemeh.
Rescue, oU nejdt.
Rescue, v., ^b oUs nejdt dddan.
Resemblance, oaI~£> shebdhat.
Resemble, ^j^-ib o-ab-S. shebdhat
ddshtan.
Reside, v., ^^b U£- suknti ddshtan.
Residence, <J^~* musken.
Resign, v., ^^b U~~*l isteefd dddan.
Resin, *£j1 angum ; y>~> sakkaz.
YOCABTTLABY.
169
Resist, v., &*/ jTs^li-jl istadigee
Tcardan.
Resolve, v., &&/],[? kerdr giriftan.
Resolution, J\J kerdr.
Respect, s., f\f=-\ iMirdm.
Respect, v., cJ x-Jb *jzsfi muhtarem
ddnestan.
Respectable,^*- mo'taber.
\j~*> 1
isterd-
Rest, s., o*]; rdhat ;
hat.
Rest, v, ^j o=»l; rdhat Tcardan.
Rest (support), aS3 tekieh.
Result, istP nateejeh.
Resurrection, o<U kiydmat.
Retail, J^jj *i>j* khoordeh feroo-
shee.
Retain, v., { ^\<i j& negdh dashtan.
Retribution, oljW* mujazdt.
Return, s., \z**\p murdja'at.
Return (come back), v., ^^ ' j> bar
gashtan; ^J~ o*?^ murdja'at
kardan; (give back), & &U ^ pus
dddan.
Reveal, ^f\J&\ dshkdreh kardan.
Revenge, *taal intikdm.
Revenue, oUU mdlydt.
Review, s., ^L sdn.
Review, v., ^jo ^L* sdn deedan.
170
YOCABTTLAKY.
Revolution, ^J,^ gardish.
Revolve, v., ^Jj^S" gardeedan.
Revolver, aJy,^^ as'Lk tapdncheh
sheshlooleh' ee.
Reward, «., ^.sb pdddsh ; c>*».j ja.
hak-i-zahmat ; -Uil ana' dm.
Reward, v., ±\i -Uil ana? dm dddan.
Rhubarb (medecine), Jiy mJ rawand ;
(fruit), w°\y.j rivas.
Rhyme, aJls kdfieh.
Rib, «JJ^ dendeh.
Ribbon, j ly navdr.
Rice, J^j berinj ; (plain boiled) ^U.
chelo ; (with sauce, &c), _jb pilo.
Rich, cJ«>5 L_-a.U. sdhib doiclet.
Riddle, U»u> muammd.
Ride, r , ^J-i.^!^-. sawar shudan.
Rider, j'^-i sawdr.
Ridge, x^ljp-ushteli.
Ridicule, j^sr** muskhareh.
Right (not left), Li~-^ rdst ; (due),
jp. liaklc.
Righteous, jiJ-» sadeek ; ^j\xi si-
ddkat.
Righteousness, jSu> sidk.
Rigid, oL. stf£ ; o^- 1 sakht.
Eing, «L. halkeh ; (of finger), _/^Jol
YOCABULAEY.
171
Ring, v., ^j^i^ebj zang kasheedan.
Riuglet, i-dj Z W-
Kiot, Ifcjfe ghogha.
Ripe, jJu-jj raseedeh.
Rise, v., e ^-.U.^j bar khdstan ; ^J^V
pa shudan.
Risk,^lai- khatar.
Rival, *-sjj». hareef.
River, ^ rood ; jjU.^ roodkhaneh.
Rivulet, ^3 Tia^ir.
Road, i\j rah ; *^V jddeh.
Roar, v., .>j */a na'areh zadan.
Roast, v., ^^\fkabab kardan.
Rob, v., ^^ diczdeedan.
Robber, &)& duzd ; (highway), tfAj
rdhzan.
Robbery, ^j^ diizdee.
Robe, Us kebd.
Robust, J^lS tanomund.
Rock, jS'kamar.
Rocket,^ sli. shdh-teer.
Rogue, ^j\ abash; j./> shareer.
Roguery, c^fi sherarat.
Roll (list), o-> fihrist; (of linen,
&c), ^ looleh.
Roll (on the ground), r., ^V* ghal-
teedan ; (make a), ^U Jj! fooZeh
safc/i&m.
172
VOCABULARY.
Rolling-pin, aj.s,j vardeneh ; <v^&.
choobeh.
Roof, t-ii-» sak'f ; *1j bam.
Rook, i.'Xf'keldgh.
Room, jU»jl otafe.
Root (of a plant), ii^j reesheh ; (of
a matter), Jol dsl ; ^ beekh.
Rope, ^U— ij reesmdn.
Rosary, ^t-^J tasbeehh.
Rose (ordinary), ~j~> jTgul-i-surkli;
(grafted), ^j^Jj-j-j payvandi ;
(monthly), j^j jT gul-i-rashti.
Rose-water, iS^giildb.
Rot, v., yJ~~>y r poosedan.
Rotation, ^sj'gardesh.
Rough, jjj zibr ; c^i,^ drusht.
Roughly, (j^j-i I? bd drushtee.
Round, ^S ^ird ; j3 x» modavar ; (of
ul
artillery), eUi sheleeJc.
Row (line), «_»-» sw/; Wi. A'Tiai.
Row (in a boat), v., *j jj/o paroo
Royal, djLli slidhdneh.
Rub, v., ^JJU maZeecZan..
Rubbing, ^U rndlish.
Rubbish, Jli^l dshJchdl.
Ruby, JJ Za'Z.
Rug, *s?l» kdlicheh.
VOCABTJLAEY.
173
Ruin (building), *>[£. khardbeh ;
(destruction), ^j1> khardbi.
Ruined, ^Jw. i-jl^i. khardb shudan ;
^ijsf makhroob.
Rule (canon),^l dmr; (government),
o-j^. hekoomat.
Rule (lines), «., ^J^T k±. fc7ia£ fca-
sheedan ; (govern), ±jf \z~*>f*>
hekoomat kardan.
Ruler (for lines), jX^-» musdar ;
(governor), *^=>^ hakim.
Rumour, c^i. shuhrat.
Run, v., ^Jjj.5 daveedan ; ..^^
Runner (footman), JoiL shdtir.
Rust, ebj zan^.
S
Sable (fur), mV" - sanjab.
Sabre, j*Z-C> shamsheer.
Sack, s., J^ jawdl.
Sack, i'., ^T £^U j L^i.lj tefcM o
tdrdj kardan.
Sacred, ^-Ji- mukuddus.
Sacrifice, s., ^l?/ kurbdn.
Sacrifice, v., o'if ok/ kurbdn kar-
dan.
Sad, eU- x diltang
174
YOCABULABY.
Saddle, &) zeen ; (pack), .^\j pdldn.
Safe, ^\ amn.
Safely, ^-»^L. Ij bd saldmat.
Safety, i»}L, saldmati.
Saffron, ^J&j za'aferdn.
Sage (wise), Jsls- 'dkil.
Said (aforesaid ),jj^J^ mazkoGr.
Sail, ^W^ bddbdn. ■
Sailor, ,j^j» bahri.
Saint, ^ peer ; a^lj^Ll imdmzddeh.
Sake J>f kU. Jchdter.
Sal-ammoniac, j ^U.J neshddur.
Salary, t—-^.^ mawdjib.
Sale, a-j bay ; j-^ feroosh.
Saliva, i-Jj £w/.
Sallow, vkjtjj zardrang.
Salt, dUi nemek.
Salt-cellar, a \i eU5 nemek-dan.
Salty, jy± shoor.
Saltpetre, * ; yi shooreh.
Salubrious, JL sdlim.
Salver, acj**« majma'eh.
Salutation, j«iL. salarn.
Salute, v., a &\a |»^L, saldm dddan.
Same, l j~+a, hameen.
Sample, *i^*i nemooneh.
Sanction, *jl».l ijdzeh.
Sand, <j-U mdseh.
VOCABULABY.
175
Sandal, j,U. eharuk.
Sandal- wood, J*u- sandal.
Sanguinary, ^y£y» khoonkhdr.
Sap, ij>£> sheereh.
■-Sapphire, J^ajslj yakoot kabood.
Sarcasm, ±±sh ta'aneh.
Satin, u-itl atlas.
Sash, AzijS kamarband.
Satan, ^^A 1 shaitan.
Satisfaction, oil*} rezdyet.
Satisfy, v., o^ ^j r5a1 ' kardan.
Saturate, v., o&J }t?» klieess kardan.
Saucer, ^XJuo nd'albeki.
Save, v., ^ta olsi wej«£ dddan.
Saving (frugal*, jljJl ^^j pus dnddz.
Savour, oJJ lizzet ; tj+ muzzeh.
Saw, sj\ arreh.
Say, v., ^giiftan.
Saying, j\xfgv ft dr.
Scabbard, «— »"$£ gheldf.
Scafiblding, ^xj v>*- choob nabdi.
Scale, a \jt^ meezdn.
Scar, eta ddgh.
Scarce, S" kam ; JJs kaleel ; ^ f
kam-ydb.
Scarcity, JaJ kahtee.
Scare, v., Juil~>/ tarsdneedan.
Scarlet, ~j~> surkh.
176
VOCABTTBABY.
Scatter, v., ^J^Ij pdskeedan ; ^J&
v^fpakhsh kardan.
Scent, y, boo.
Scent, v., o^fy. boo kardan.
Scholar (pupil), *j£=\2> sliagird ; (di-
vinity), <h-LL talabeh ; (learned
man), J* l-^U sahib VVni.
School, ju-^j^o madrasseh ; t_~iC
malctub ; (fellow), t_-^ ^ hvmi
maktub ; (master), J** mo'allem.
Science, Jic ilm.
Scissors, i>)/* mikrdz ; ^si? kaychi.
Scold, v., i^f J*)j~> sarzanish kar>
dan.
Scorch, v., ^3-. sookhtan.
Scorpion, i-ys- akrab.
Scoundrel, **\j*\j* hardmtddeh.
Scout, (j-^-U. jdsoos.
Scrape, v., ^j-il^. khardsTieedan.
Scratch, v., see scrape.
Scream, v., ^j j**. jeek zadan.
Screen, a>y r pardeh.
Screw, g} peech.
Scribe, ^Kkdtib.
Scruple, a^. shubheh; ek. shak.
Sculpture, ^Isi nakdahi.
Scum, (-aTfea/.
Sea, \)j& daryd.
VOCABULARY.
177
Seal, j4» rrmh'r ; (animal), 1 ; a eU
sag-i-daryd.
Seal, v., ^J'jt* muh'r kardan.
Seam, c*jJ dookht; jji dwrz.
Search, v., ^a~a. justan ; if j*~*-
just ojoo kardan; ^ \s*^ tafa-
hus kardan.
Season, ^j* mowsam; J-as/us'Z.
Seat, cJ i— ti ^U. jdee neshestan.
Second (time), A,Jl> sdni-eh ; (posi-
tion), js_s duyum ; ^Jl? sirct.
Secret, jl, r<£z.
Sect, aAjU» tdyefeh.
Section, -adal kuta'e'h.
Secure, ky«* mahfooz.
Scarcity, l=^>^-i seldmat.
Sedition, ^Li fasdd ; *u» fitneh.
See, v., b)«*><s deedan.
Seed, j*s? tukhm.
Seek, e ^~ ». justan.
Seem, v., ,j«>>*5 na?noodan ; Jui^»'.ii
zaTwr shudan.
Seize, ^pfgirijtan.
Seldom, b'^, JJ nudratan; jiSkamtar.
Select, v., ±f <-i\&\ intikhdb kar-
dan.
Select, p,p., ir^* muntakhib.
Self, *ji. khud.
x
178
YOCABTTLABY.
Selfish, ir~->.> uji. khud doost.
Sell, v., &&-JJ* ferooJchtan.
Send, v., ^\^ji feristddan.
Senior, ^ peer ; jSkebeer.
Senna (drug), U- senna.
Vi
Sense (feeling), y-a. hiss; (intellect) f
Jiit 'akl.
Senseless (wanting life), J^^. bee-
hoosh; (without meaning), ,y**?
bee-ma'anee.
Sent, s3\z~>j9 feristddeh.
Sentence (phrase), \z>\* ibdret. See
Judgment.
Sentinel, ^U-b pdssbdn.
Separate, 1 J**, judd.
Separately, o***^ eldhedeh; 1^*- !«**.
judd-judd.
Separation, ^J\J*- judd-ee.
Sepulchre, fi fgoor.
Sequel, &J&A dkherat.
Sequester, ^$f\>~i> zubt liar dan.
Sergeant, ^£»l? a dah bdshi.
Serious (affair), *$* mohim; (person),
j^L. sangeen.
Serpent, j U mar.
Serpentine, -£,L mdrpeech.
Servant, j&*£ noker ; p^U. Mid-
dim.
VOCABULAEY.
179
Serve, v., ^sf^fy nokeri kardan ;
^^"oowXi. khidmat Jcardan.
Service, \jj>y nokeri; o-J^- khid-
met.
Set, v., ^loT guzashtan ; ^jI^J ne-
hddan.
Settle, v., ^jTjjZ* mukarar kardan;
(jail J^j}j5 kerdr guzashtan.
Several, jo*, chund ; ^.J^- chun-
deen.
Severe, ^.j-* sakht ; Jo j*£i shedeed.
Sew, y^iji dookhtan.
Shabby, ^*H». hakeer.
Shade, 4jL» say eh.
Shake, v., c a\i ^Kj takdn dddan.
Shame, *jit shurm ; L> hyd.
Shameless, *jL ^ bee shurm ; W (_j
See 7iya.
Shank, jL safe.
Shape, J£-i. shikl ; o-» hey at.
Share, v., ±jiz~+~a kismat kardan.
Sharp, jJ teez.
Shatter, v. } $jT Sj^i. khoord kardan
Shave, v., ^J-i]/ terdsheedan.
Shawl, Jli shdl.
Shed, v., ij&j reekhtan.
Sheet, J-*^ shamad ; ii\» moldfeh.
Shelf, *J Ik tdkcheh.
180
VOCABULARY.
Shell (fish), i_»J^ sadaf; (bomb),
Sj\j *». hhonvpdreh.
Shelter, *Uj pendh.
Shepherd, c ;^»»- choopdn.
Sherbet, o^> sharbat.
Shield, j~* neper.
Shiue, v., ^j^jIj tdbeedan ; ^Ju-1^
dara/c/iseedaw.
Ship, s.,j{&. jehdz ; f j£S'~keshtee.
Ship, -y., yjj^J^a. 7i,a?uZ ~kardan;j\i
^fbdr Jcardan.
Shiver, v., ^>jj larzeedan.
Shock, aoJwj sudmeh ; uj,.* 2iw&; ^K)'
Shock (to give a), ^Ij ^Ki takdn
dddan.
Shoe, L £ i S'lcafsh ; (horse), JsJ na'ai ;
(canvas), tyS 'geeveh.
Shoemaker, jj^ ^jufkafsh-dooz.
Shoot (a bird, &c), v., z>) zadan ;
(to fire upon), ^jTjZ cUtf tufang
dar kardan.
Shoot, s., As^-lii shdkhcheh.
Shop, ^fo dukdn; tj^-hujreh; y wine),
ails*- maykhdneh ; (apothecary's),
ajU. j^ dawdkhdneh.
Shore, *JS k endre h.
Short, t^jfkootdh.
YOCABTTLAKY
181
Shortly (in short), j^s." rrmkhtasser ;
(presently), j^^ filfor ; 5H
dldn.
Shortsighted, ^^kambeen.
Shot, a^.Li sachmeh.
Shovel, Jrf &eel.
Shoulder, jjI- shdneh.
Shout, s., jb dad; jljl dvdz.
Shout, v., i/"j>b dad kardan ; jhjl
jjj^/'ai'az kardan; 2jT \j«, sedd
kardan.
Show, s., liLi' tamdshd.
Show, v., ^^b ^llj nishdn dddan.
Shower, yi/o bdresh.
Shrewd, ^Li.^* hoshyar.
Shriek. See Scream.
Shrimp, £* maygoo.
Shrink, v., jJLT-* ; .> dar 7ium la-
sheedan.
Shroud, ^kajan.
Shrub, &* booteh.
Shuffle, v., &*j~*j> barhum zadan.
Shun, v., ^.ip vUs&.l ijtendb kardan.
Shut, v., c >i~j bustan.
Shy, J^- khijil.
Sick, yiji-li ndkhosh ; Ju.j* mareez;
o-! 1 ^? behdlat ; JJ* aleel ;
za'eef.
18S
YOCABTJLABY.
Side, ^Jjo taraf; ^ pahloo.
Siege, s^-ls* mohdssereh.
Sieve, J^c gharbeel.
Sift, v.j ^^ beekhtan.
Sigh, xJjTi\ dh kesheedan.
Sight,^lii nazar ; sfc negdh.
Sighted (short), ^.S' kambeen ;
(dim), ^ eb,b tareek-been; (loug),
^^j^i doorbeen,
Sign, ^li-3 nishdn ; u^«^U 'ilamat.
Signal, Sjlil ishdreh.
Signature,
f'uiol -iniza'.
Significant, ( _ f ^* 'o ba nza'anee.
Signify, v., i ^\^ i a*+ ma'anee dash'
tan.
Silence,
<S"J*
U. khdmooshee.
Sick, *i^?l aferesTiam.
Silly, *^_j*j beehoodeh.
Silver, tj& nukreh.
Similar, J^L manend.
Simple, *.>'•— sddeh.
Sin, »UT gundh.
Sin, i>., L j>i/'»Ur5rz7jia7i, kardan.
Since, ^j^ choon; *&y$ choonkeh.
Sincere, j^U s«cZiA; ; >_»L> .sa/.
Sincerity, i^5ljs-> seddkat.
Sinful, ^ITsUS gondhkar.
YOCABUEALY.
1S3
Sing, ^J^y- khdndan. ; ^Jil^i )W
dvdz khdndan.
Singer, sJcJlji. khdnendeh.
Single, eiJ tak ; (unmarried), ^s*
mujurrad.
Singular, &ju mufrad.
Sink, v., j*j 3} froo raftan ; j>
a J£> ghurk shudan ; ^jj* ^°J*
ghooteh khurdan.
Sinless, «U£o beegondh.
Sinner, JC*\£ gondh-kdr.
Sip, v., ^yiy»j* muzmuzeh kardan.
Sir, L_*&.L» sahib.
Sirup, fj*^ sheer eh.
Sister, j*\y» khdher ; *^i~»» ham-
sheereh.
Sit, v., c ^— 15 neshestan.
Situation, ^(C makdn.
Situated, *slj vake'.
Size, Ji kud ; *j1jj1 dnddzeh.
Size (glue), J^ sereesh.
Skewer, ^s-i seekh.
Skilful, jjls fca&ik
Skill, o-k^ kdbiliyat.
Skin, s., o-_>i poost.
Skin, v., xS'^->y, poost kandan.
Skirt, ^b damen.
Skulk, v., J-i ^W^ penhun shudan.
184
VOCABULARY.
Sky, ^U-.] asmdn.
Slack, tj>— » sust.
Slacken, v., ^fiz~~~> sust kardan.
Slap, ^^L-i seelee.
Slaughter, Ji» kutl.
Slave, j.iU gholam.
Slay, v., ^^ifkushtan.
Sleek, *>j furbeh.
Sleep, s., vl}» khdb.
Sleep, v., ^j-olji. khdbeedan.
Sleeplessness, ^[5-*^ beekhdbee ;
^Ijuj beeddree.
Sleeve, ^t^] asteen.
Slender, ek,U bareek.
Slide, v., ^Sijii laghzeedan.
Slide, s., tj^Ju shurshureh.
Slight. See Slender.
Slime, ^ lejjen.
Sling, eU-- <J5 kulbeh sang.
Slip, v., &&_$ laghzeedan.
Slip, s., ^p^i! laghzesh; (of a plant),
Js kalam ; (of the pen), *l»j«-
sah'v-i-kalam.
Slippery, JJ Zeez.
Slit, v., ^pte. shakdftan.
Slow, ai~j»1 dhisteh ; ^y. yavdsh ;
jSkund.
Slowly, <vi~jb1 dhisteh.
VOCABULARY.
185
Sluggard, Jp tunbul.
Sly, hJ^j zeereJc.
Small, eUjTfciicTiefe ; ^y- khoord.
Sinallness, J^fkoochekee.
Smallpox, Jbl ableh.
Smart, j/^« ; (P ain )> u£j*» sooxesTi.
Smear, v.. ^^U maleedan.
Smell, «.,_}> feoo.
Smell, v., o^y. boo Tcardan.
W _ I
Smile, s., ~~3 tabassum; J^a-t-J
lubkhund.
*
Smile, v., *J> p~~3 tabassum kar-
dan ; yjif Ji±.t_J lubkhund Tcar-
dan.
Smite, v., &j zadan ; ^^koobee-
dan.
Smith (black), fi*\ ahenger ; (gold),
jQ zargar.
Smoke, Jj^ dooci ; ^U-s dukhdn.
Smoke (chimney), v., *j~ dj-a dood
Tcai'dan ; (tobacco), ^J^lfkashee-
dan.
Smooth, (_il<» saf.
Smother, v. , zf&* khufeh kardan.
Snare, -b dam; j^kamand.
Snake,jU mar.
Sneeze, v., a ^f^s- 'atseh kardan.
Snipe, j^di nukderuz.
186
VOCABULARY.
khurkhur tar-
Snore, v., Sjfj»j±
dan.
Snout, >jy r poozeh.
Snow, s., (_ *j> barf.
Snow, v., ^Jo^ ±Jj> barf bareedan.
Snuff, sJ6\ dnfieh.
Snuff-box, ^ta-uwl dnfiehddn.
So, t^*** humcheen; £_>*** hum
choon.
Soak, v., g&fu***. kheess kardan.
Soap, e)^^ saboon.
Sober, jL^» hoshyar.
Sociable, oaM lj bd Hi fat.
Society, u~*.Lm musdhabat.
Sock, ^jyt- jurdb.
Soda, vUi kalidb.
Sofa, c.Q neemkat.
Soft, (•/ nurm.
Softly, «-»*! ahesteh.
Soil, v., ^^jT'g^jJI aloodeh kardan.
Soil, s., elU. khdk ; ^j zameen.
Sojourn, i-Jsy tawakuf.
Solace, v., zJTL3 tasali kardan.
Sold, <^jy ferookhteh.
Solder, ~J laheem.
Soldier, jU^ sarbaz.
Sole (only), Wi" tanha.
Solely, laai fakat.
VOCABULAET.
khdhesh kar-
187
Solicit, v., ^ J^y*
dun.
Solid, J^* munjamid.
Solve, v., $yj&>\ ashkdr kardan.
Sometime, j*j eb yek vakti.
Sometimes, ^jtfgahi; »\fs\fgah-gdh.
Somewhere, J^jd-ee.
Son, s~j pesser ; Jjjj? jarzand ; Jj
valad ; (grandson), sy neveh ; (of
Adam), -.si ^/i beni Adam; (of
a king), t&\) »^> slidh-zddeh ; (of a
nobleman), it>\) j#>\ ameer-zddeh ;
(only), J^-j tf>1 -il>?t voahhad ; (in-
law), .sLta ddmdd.
Song, »jl_j1 avdzeh.
Soon, Jjj zood ; ^^>jy. be zoodee ; S*?
jald.
Sop, A«ii! lukineh.
Sorcerer, J^^ jddooger.
Sordid, cU» tamd\
Sore, «&j zakhm.
Sorrow, ^ gharri ; ^jjf^ dilgeeree ;
sjjil andooh.
Sorry, dl^c- ghamnak ; j£}± dil-
geer.
Sort, fj rakkam ; ^r^. jins ; jy*.
joor ; cy no'e; *~5 ktssm; a3^
gooneh.
1S8
VOCABULARY.
Sought, »juJl» talabeedeh ; lj^IL*
mutloob.
Soul, -jj rooh ; \*.jdn.
Sound, 1j-» seda; \z>y> sot.
Soup, \>jyi> shorbd ; oi^Tl dbgoosht.
Sour, J±j tursh.
Source (water), &+£-* cheshmeh ;
(origin), J->1 asl.
South, <->y+ jenoob.
Sow, v., ^f ' \sss\j) z era 1 at Tcardan ;
ij^X kdshtan.
Space, Ui fezd ; o»-ij vusaat.
Spacious, a~-j vusee'.
Spade, J* beel.
Span, »—^j vajab.
Spangle, eU_^ jmlak.
Spark, sj\j jUl atesh par eh ; £j*
cherekeh.
Sparkle, v., ^Jy-li^,^ daraJchaheedan.
Sparrow, d~^> gunjishk.
Speak, v., ^fguftan ; ^j <— i^*. harf
zadan.
Spear, sjJ nayzeh.
Special, yej^s viakksooss.
Species, ^^^ jinss ; p~5 kissm.
Specimen, ujJ nemooneh.
Speck, iLiii nuHeh; A3 lekkeh.
Spectacle, liUi' tamdshd.
YOCABULAET.
189
Spectacles, <2k*c 'aynek.
Speech, a \ij zebdn.
Speed, aisP 'ajaleh ; i-jIsA shetdb.
Speedily, us&jj> be zood.ee ; l$±^> be
tundee.
Spell, v., ^^f iLl im la Icardan.
Spend, v., ±fi-»j* sarf Icardan; ^J»
*jfkharj Icardan.
Spice, &i)$\ advieh.
Spider, o^Jop 'ankaboot.
Spill, v., j&j reekhtan.
Spin, v., ^j rustan ; ^U bdftan.
Spinach, p-^-1 ispenaj.
Spiral, j^^i peechdar.
Spirit, £.<}j rookJi.
Spirited, o^c »_^L> saheb-i-gheyrat.
Spiritless, #*£ beejdn.
Spiritual, ^^jj rohdnee.
Spirits, j*y± johar ; (out of), iU.> ^
bee-demagh.
Spit (for roasting), >--> seekh.
Spit, v., yji/'t-aJ tuf kardan.
Spite, xJfkeeneh.
Spittle, \J& tuf.
Splendid, Jia. jalleel.
Splendour, J^U jellal.
Split, v., ^Ki shekdftan.
Spoil, s., o,le gharat.
190
TOCABULAEY.
Spoil, v., ^sj ±)\j± kherdb kardan ;
^j/^jU zaye' kardan.
Sponge, ^1 dbr.
Spoon, j^W kdshook.
Sport (games), ^jjl bdzi ; (fun),
j^y^ shookhi ; (chase), J& she-
kdr.
Sportsman, \jj&> sliekdri.
Spot, JU. khdl ; Aim nukteh ; a^J
lekeh.
Spout, *!_jl looleli.
Sprain, v., ^J^. el^ ^rag-berag shu-
dan.
Sprain, u if^ peechesh.
Spread (carpet, &c), ^^f\J>y farsh
kardan.
Sprightly, c — ^chust; elYU. chdldk.
Spring (season), jV+4 behdr ; (of
water), < « * , ^ cheshmeh.
Sprinkle, v., ^J^U ptisheedan.
Sprout, v., cjJ'-jjj rooeecZan.
Spurs, j-**-> mahmeez.
Spurious, t_Ji fraZb ; J«a. ja'al.
Spy, s., (_hj^U. jdssooss.
Spy, v., g^ ^^-j'-a-jassoossee Arardan.
Squadron, alL, ressaleh.
Squander, v., c $jT <*j\jj\ israf kar-
dan.
VOCABTJLAET.
191
Square, £ij* murubba' ; i^j^^e*
chehar goosheh.
Squeeze, v., *j^2J feshdrdan.
Squills, Jjfl-il askail.
Squint, s., Jjja.1 ahval.
Squint, v., ^y. J[y»-1 ahval budan.
Stab, v., &&) tjV Tcdrd zadan ; j*^
$j khanjar zadan.
Stable, s., A*^ taveeleh.
Stability, <jj^\ paiddree.
Stack, ^j^ Jcharman.
Staff, L~£ 'asd.
Stag, lyj^j^ gdvikoohee.
Stage, j£* sakoo.
Stagnant, ».>1=~j1 istddeh.
<*,
Stain, ixJ lakkeh.
■i
Staircase, A>pelleh.
Stake (wood), £. meefc7i ; (at play),
L^i. shurt.
Stale, ai^ kohneh ; (victuals), *iLA
shuhdneh.
Stalk, jL safc.
Stall (for cattle), j>1 dkhoor.
Stamina, a~j bunyeh.
Stammer, v., ^J? &Uj zebdn gvrif-
tan.
Stamp, v., ij zadan.
Stamp, s.,j*» muh'r.
192
Stand, v., gds-tl istadan ;
^j^b pasheedan.
Standard, JJ^> baydak.
Star, Jjlx-il istdreh.
Starch, jl_^-IJL-j nishdsteh ; j\ — »1
dhdr.
Starling, j L» sar.
Start (to begin journey), ^1»1 »b
rah uftadan ; (from sleep), ^-Ajp-j\
,-^r-j ) dz kh'db burjustan.
Startle (for terror), v., ±f p ram
kardan.
Starve, v., d a f . j^-J^ az guresnegee
murdan.
VOCABULAET
(up),
State (condition), cJU. hdlat ; J1_H
dhwdl ; Jl» hal ; (rank), *3j*
martubeh; (pomp), J^U- jelldl;
(in this state of affairs), o)W*y
dor een hdlat ; (affairs of state),
cXUj^l dmoor i mamlakat.
Station, jC~» muskun ; J^ munzul ;
j5y murkaz ; && makdn.
Stationary, «.il=~jl istddeh.
Stationer, ^jj &K kaghaz feroosh.
Statue, **~*° mojussameh.
Stature, JJol anddm.
Statute, y\s kanoon.
Stay, v., ^JjU mancZan.
TOCABULAEY.
193
tead (instead of ), j>f- avaz ; Us bejd.
teadfast, ^ kayem.
teal, v., c ;Jo-ij«i duzdxedan.
team, j&. bukhdr.
teel, ^y fooldd.
teep (downhill), y„;^- sarazeer;
(uphill), %_,-> sarabdld.
•tench, »jj j^j^ &oo-ee gandeedeh ;
ajjo badboo.
tep, ,.Ji kadam j (of promotion),
a»y.> derejeh; i^j* martabeh; (of
staircase), aL pelleh.
Step, v., ^JT +J3 kadam giriftan.
5 tew, ^^ yakhni.
Steward, ^U nazir.
Stick, ujj*. c/ioob ; U* 'assa.
Stick, v., o^w* chaspeedan.
Sticky, dl~~*- chaspndk,
Stiff, o^" safcfrt ,■ is-*- s<f*.
Stifle, v., c ,j/'"i» t/ia/a kardan.
Stifling, aii. khafa.
Still, 3^» henooz ; j\> baz.
Stillness, ^1,1 drdmi.
Stimulate,"!'., cr^l angeekhtan.
Sting, s., u~> wees7i.
Sting, v., cj>>j J~> *««& sadan.
Stingy, ij-^keniss.
Stink. *See Stench. o
194
VOCABTJLAET.
Stipulate, v., a Aj\ji> shart kardan.
Stipulation, )*ju shart.
Stir, v., ^_f^r- harakat Tcardan.
Stirrup, yJCj rehab.
Stock (of a gun), J\<MS konddk.
Stocking, u! ; j» jurab.
Stolen, jJ^jj duzdeedeh; (property),
ijtp JU mal-i-duzdee.
Stomach, s J*- mctadeh; ^> shakam.
Stone, dL- scmgr.
Stony, ^VeL- sanglakh.
Stood, s^Ii-jJ istadeh.
Stool, *i^jW charpayeh.
Stoop, v., o^ (■*" khum shudan -
a M\*
Stoop, s., *» fclFntm.
Stop, v., ^ala-il istadan ;
mdndan.
Stop, s , aWs nukteh.
Store, ,U1 dnbdr.
Stork, jld lukfoik.
Storm, ^Ujt to/So.
Story (narrative), oi^- hekdyat ;
Jai wtifcl ; (of a bouse), *&> taba-
keh.
Stove, ijj\&, bukhdri.
Stout, j J*s katoor ; (strong), \>y±>
mazboot.
Straight, o-j, rast ; (in a straight
YOCABULABY.
1D5
line), m««< !**■ bekhut-i-musta-
keem.
Strain. See Squeeze and Sprain.
Strange, t_-i^ ghareeb ; l-^s* ajeeb.
Stranger, »— o^ ghareeb ; m'Cj bee
gdneh.
Strangle, v., ^^T^wa. khufeh kardan;
^ji ^ geloo giriftan.
Strap, s*~J tusmeh.
Stratagem, <sL» heeleh.
Straw, s^kdh.
Strawberry, ^'ij \z>y tooti frangi.
Stray, v., zf ' S'^j rah gum Icardan.
Stream,^ nahr.
Street, j^jT koocheh.
Strength, jjj zoor ; oy koovat.
Strengthen, v., *f ^ muhkam
Icardan.
Stretch, v., ^^kasheedan.
Strict, j^ dakeek.
Strictly, e^l? bddik'at.
Strife, a!^U* mujddeleh.
Strike, v., *j zadan; ^J^^koobee-
dan ; ^ykuftan.
String, ^U—i, reesman.
Strip (make naked), v., ^ u>J
lukht kardan.
Strive, v., O ^f,j^^kooshesh kardan.
196
"VOCABULARY.
Stroke, s., ^j^ zurb.
Stroke, v., ^J^U maleedan.
Stroll, v., ^3j J^^f garddsh raftan.
Stroll, s., ^zjfgardash.
Strong, ^y kavee.
Struggle, v., ^ijTj^aj J+jadvajalid
hard an.
Stubborn, j~»sy» khudsar.
Stuff", s., A^,b parcheh.
Stuff, v., &<**& chapeedan.
Stupid, j^-1 ahmak ; &j~> safee.
Stumble, v., ^j p*r> sar-i-sum raf-
tan.
Stvle (in writing), *lii1 insha.
Subject, o~£, rtfaxjet ; aIL £ab'e.
Sublime, ^Jl* a'ah'.
Submission, c>*U»l itd'at.
Submissive, /di* mutee'.
Subsequent, Jw ha' ad.
Substance, oli z#£.
Substantive, «-.! -mn.
Substitute, v., cJ ^/'ji J-i' tabdeel kar'
dan.
Substitute, s.n^t^\^. jane sheen; <j>^
} avaz.
Subtract, v., ^J'l^, minha kardan.
Subvert, v., oifjjJJJ zeer ° ro ° ^ ar '
dan.
VOCABULARY.
197
Succour, iJ^» medad.
Such (as this), e>s*"> hamcheen; c^-
chaneen ; (as that), o^** ham-
chendn ; ^ chenan.
Sudden, sfc'li ndgdJi.
Suddenly, Uai ghijlatan.
Suffer, v., *f \y+sc taliamul kardari;
(loss), yj£ jj* zarar Tcasheedan.
Suffice, v., u J^ 4^ kafi shudan.
Sugar, &3 kund; (unrefined), J2>
sheker ; (candy), oU3 nabdt ;
(plums), JS3 nukl; (cane), J^~>
ney-i-sheker.
Suggest, v., ^b »j^1 ishdreh dadan.
Suit (of clothes), a=-».i dusteh.
Suit (agree), v., ^L f*\> bdhum
saklitan.
Suitor, j>j y s. 'ariz.
Sulphur, tfj? googird.
Sultan, ^UiLj sultan.
Sultry, ai> Ichufeh.
Sum (of money), £* mublugh;
(arithmetic), yL* hessdb.
Summer, Wo tubistan; (crops),
iu-o say fee.
Summit, sKkelleh.
Summon, s., .j±~& talabeedan.
198
VOCABULAEY.
Sun, vUl dftdb ; JJ^,^- kliursheed ;
(disk of), v-jUjI voj kurs-i-dftab >
(worshipper), o--^ v^l dftdb
parest; (exposed to), ^ i->l»1 dftab
roo; (beam), i_>U!y^j part d-i-df tab;
(flower), t-jksl ^fgul-i-djtdb; (rise),
vial c^lt teloo' -i-dftdb ; (set), «^«^
Superb, *iic 'azeem.
Superfluous, Jolj zdyid.
Superintendent, J*\i ndzir.
Supper, |.Ll sham.
Support (endure), ^U is*llt tafcai
Suppose, -u., ^jTyl^Tg email kardan.
Suppress, v., ^jfj^ makhfi kardan.
Sure, v., (^ yakeen.
Surety, ^U zdmin.
Surface, jj roo.
Surgeon, — 1^. jarrahh.
Surname, t-Jil lakkab.
Surpass, v., c ^i. XTguzasMan.
Surprise, t-*^ ta'ajub.
Surprise, v., $y v*?*^ muta'ajib
kardan.
Surprised, v., ^f^^ ta'ajib kar-
dan.
TOCABTTLAET.
199
Surrender,^, i^f^ - tasleem dddan.
Surround, v., aif'j-^ muhdssereh
kardan.
Survey, v., o*3**i paymoodan.
Surveyor, j~~> momayiz.
Suspect, v., a &ji ^Sgeman burdan;
tf&U Aji shubheh dashtan.
Suspicion, a lS gemdn ; ^ shubheh.
Sustain, jA^ji bar dashtan.
Swallow, s., A^J* chelchelleh.
Swallow, v., &*/. }J froo burdan.
Swamp, cjb^> murddb.
Swear, v., ^jy- f* kassam khurdan.
Sweat, Jj* arak.
Sweep, v., o ^/^3j^J ar00h kardan.
Sweet, ,j>.j^> shireen.
Swell, v., a*f?ji varam kardan.
Swift, J^j' tund.
Swim, ^fy^ sheno kardan.
Swing, (2)^1 dbrak.
Switch, &) tarkeh.
Swoon, ,J& ghush.
Swoon, v., ±fj* ghush kardan.
Sword, jfM.a. shamsheer ; (rapier)
'*
ij\j3 kuddreh.
Symbol, c^>^e ilamat.
Symptom,jUi dsdr.
Synonymous, ^j** f* hum mani.
200
YOCABULABY.
WW
Syringe, djJjl dbdozek.
System, ^yls kcinoon.
T.
Table, j~. mee«; (cloth), >/-» sufreh,;
(to lay a), v., ^J-^- 8,.*— sufreh
cheedan.
Tablet, ts£ takhteh.
Tail, -^ dura.
Tailor, tUi. khdyydt.
Take, v., ^J^ giriftan ; *j bur.
clan; (away), ^s&lo^ barddshtan ;
(care of ), C ,J^> l_-U , ^» moiuazib shu-
dan; (the part of), ^T ^U-^t
iara/ dari kardan ; (by the hand),
^o-J dust giriftan.
Tale, a-»9 kisseh; t^-oK^. hikdyat;
^l^ta da stun.
Talent, o-lls kdbeleeyat.
Talisman, -JJ» telism.
Talk, jj v-j/a. 7mr/ zadan.
Talker, v-J^ hardf.
Tall, jJb buland.
Tallow, Jbj pee.
Tally, s., Wi.y^. choobkhut.
Tally, v., ySZ' Jj^u mukdbil shudan.
Tambourine, *j\s ddyereh.
V0CABT7LAEY.
201
Tame, adj., ^ ram.
Tame, v., ^L. p\j ram sdhhtan.
Tan, v., o^f ^^ dubdghee hardan.
Tank, <je>y- hoz.
Tantamount, J^U. mo'adil.
Tar, a \J*£ kaytrdn.
Tarantula, Jjj rotel.
Tart (acid), J»J tursh.
Taste, v., J~^- chesheedan.
Taste, s., *> muzzeh.
Tattler, ^ ^ sahhan cheen.
Taught, J«* muta'alim.
Taunt, v., o-sj <^*1> ta'aneh zadan.
Tavern, <ulit« mayTchaneh
Tawny, ^ffXfgandum goon.
Tax, oUL mdliat ; ^> baj.
Tea, ^U- c7iai.
Teach, v., ^b ak 3/^ dddan; ^y»\
dmoolcMan.
Tear (a rent), dl* c7i«fc.
Tear, w., ej^^a^ra fcardan.
Tear, s., eli\ ashfc.
Tears (to shed), ^j eli! osfc*
.Hi _
Tease v., ^f^>i^ dziet Jcardan.
Teeth, U d ljj^ denddnhd.
Telescope, ^jo doorbeen.
202
VOCABULARY.
Tell, v., ^h/gujtan; ±f ^ nukl
kardan.
Temerity, j»\z~S gostakhi.
Temper, ^y- khoo ; ji» khulk ;
(good), jli \J>f- khosh kliulk ;
(bad), y- Jo bad klioo.
Temperament, o*~k tabee'at; ^>
tube'
Temperate, Jj^-«-« moHadil ; ^.5U
molayem.
Temple, Ss^> musjed.
Tempt, v., a if^ ighva kardan ;
Temptation, \^\ ighva.
Tenacious, ^" mussir.
Tenant, ^f^— mustajir.
Tend, v., o^T J^ nww/2 kardan;
^j> JjL mayil boodan.
Tender, a., e)jl> nazwfc ; o^ n ^ e "
ween ; */ nurm.
Tender, s., *-JJ& takleef.
Tenderly, o^.^L ^ &# moldyemat.
Tendon, ^ 'pay.
Tenour, &y*** mazmoon.
Tent,j^U chadur; (to pitch a),j^W
yj chadur zadan ; (to take down
a), jjfj*\*. chadur kandan;(yo\e),
&j* derek ; (pegs), ^ meekh.
Term, c^Ut ibdret.
YOCABTTLABY.
203
Terminate, v., j^^> f^ khatm
sakhtan; ^jl r ^ *J be injam
awardan.
Terrace, &Az*\* mdhtdbeh.
Terrible, 12) U>». holndk.
"Terrify, v., ^J^^y tursdneedan.
Territory, eiU milJfe.
Terror, of 3 turss ; o^»j vahshat.
Test, ^U*^ imtihdn.
Testify, v., ^l- 5 i^W^ sheliadet
dddan
Text (original), JJ dsl ; (verse), *J
<zye7i.
Than, jl «».
Thank, v., ^ta^ shukr dadan.
Thankful, u-Ui J*- fcwfc shendss.
Thankfulness, ^ii tashukur.
That, dew. pro., 1 aw (vulg., oon) ;
(that which), ^ I ancheh; (seeing
that), ejj*- cTuxm; (that is to say),
jju ya'anee; (in order that),
b' id.
Thaw, r., ^J^ <^ #° shudan.
Theatre, ajU. liUi' tamaslid khaneh.
Theft, l5^-s duzdee.
Themselves, ^>^ khudishan.
Then (- ■ that time), taSyl dnvakt ;
204
VOCABTJLAET.
Thence (= from that place), \d\J\
dzdnjd.
There (= that place), Uil anja
(vulg., oonja).
Thereabouts (= in those places),
\s*\j?\jS derail] (ilia.
Therefore, \X£ lehaza ; ^jl^la bend-
her an.
Thick, vizis' kulufb ; ssS'gundeh.
Thief, *j& duzd.
Thigh, gjlj ran (vulg., roon).
Thimble ailsiiol angooshtdneh.
Thin (as paper), ehls ndzook ; (as a
stick), dojL bdreek ,- (liquid),
&fjrakeek; (lean), j&^ lugher.
Thing, jjj* cheez.
Think, «., ^.s^" J'-» fefrwzZ Tcardan ;
^sjiLi jol dwleesheh Tcardan.
Thirst, (jX^' tishnagee.
Thirsty, <uio tishneh.
This, j^l een,.
Thorn, ^li. A-7ior.
Those, l#1 dnhd (vulg., oonlia).
Thou, y to.
Though, ja.J\ igerclxeli.
Thought, JLs. fc7i/i<«£ ; ^j _^fcr.
Thoughtful, JZ'ku mutafeker.
Thoughtless, JW-^i bikhidl.
Thousand, J^y* hezdr.
VOCABTJLABT.
205
Thrash, t\, o^j J^ s7iaZafe zadan.
Thread (end), ^U-jj reesmarii (of
conversation), a^> rishteh.
Threat, o^" tahdeed.
Threaten, r., ^/ *.*' ta/uZeed
ka/rdan.
Three, *-» seh.
Threshold, *ils-»l dstdneh.
Throat, jJfgeloo.
Throne, is**? tuM&
Through, ,-1^- sotr-a-sar ; }1 az j (to
pass), ^AJfguzasMan.
Throughout, >1 tt J^ « 2avat <( *
dicker.
Throw, t\, ^IjJI dndakhtan.
Thrush, tfy toofea.
Thumb, ^jj>. v-i^l dngusht buzurk ;
o^ai ehast.
Thunder, J*, ra'ttd.
Thus, &/* chome&n,} ^ff» ham-
chuneen.
Tickle, v., d ab J 1 *- 5 dughldk dddan.
Tide (flood), J- mud; (ebb), j>>
jazr.
Tidings, j-» khabar ; (glad), «•>>
rav.zhdeh.
Tie, i'., cr - ^ tustan.
Tier, &^ tabakeh.
206
VOCABULARY.
Tiger, j*> babr.
Tight, eb3 tang.
Tile, JUj^, sufal.
Till, Is ta; 4^.1" £dfce7i.
Timber, i->j* choob.
Time, o$j uafci.
Timid, Ly iarsan.
Tin, ^jJo. halabi.
Tinder, -uij-. sookhteh.
Tinsel, uy fooeh.
Tip, eli noofc.
Tipsy, o— * must.
Tiptoe, i?ij~> saripanjeh.
Tire, v., gsj'iz**. khasta kardan.
Tissue, <~i^>j) zar baf.
Tithe, el* a dali yek.
Title, t-Ji! lakab.
Tobacco, ^yJjS tutun; (for narghileTi
or ghalidn), jS\$ tunbaku.
Toe, b o-^ol angusht i pa.
Together, *»l> bahum.
Toil, J^?. jahd.
Token, i£—5U ildmat.
Told, s&gufieh.
Toll, ^bsl, rdhddree.
Tomb,^J fcafrr.
Tongs, ^-il anbur.
Tongue, gly zeb<m.
VOCABULAET.
2Vi
Tool, oM diet.
Tooth, tfU-J denddn; (-ache), a,a
\^durdidenddn; (-pick), J^
kheldl.
Top,^~ sar; VU bald.
Topsy-turvy, ^3 &» hurj ° WU7 >
Torch, Ja^- musha'al.
Torment, «* ^U *U» W& dddan.
Torrent, Js- sayl.
ortoise, s^i <^- sang-pusMj e!5)
o^j lak-pusht.
Torture, ^^ shekenjeh.
Toss, v., ^^andakhtan; (to toss
head or tails), ^/^V) ^ s?ieer
vakhut Idzi kardan.
Total, J^£»» jam'-i-kul.
Touch, «., o^J tS ~ i dust zadan *
Tour, J,*/ gardesh ; tjy doreh.
Tow (drag), 0., ^fccw7iefidan.
Towards, »jj roo-be.
Towel, Ay holeh.
Tower, -j> b&rj-
Town,>i. shahr.
Townsman, ^ shehri ; (fellow-
townsman), ysj* f hum shahri.
Toy, tgfa bdzeecheh.
Trace, o«^ ilamat.
208
VOCABULART.
Trade, o,lsi tejdrat ; M~> _j aU dad, u
sitad.
Trader, ^l? tajer.
Traitor, ^.U. khdyen.
Trample, v., C) i/'J^^ pamal hardan.
Tranquil, s.s^-1 dsoodeh; j»lj! ardm.
Transact, U., ^b^ pcrddkhtan.
Transfer, v., o-s^JS nukl kardan.
Translate, v., $sf ***J tarjumeh
hardan.
Transplant, v., oi^ 9 W* 3 & be ■?'*
Tear dan.
Transport, v., c^J** haml kardan.
Transpose, v., &*f_j&k j {*<&> tafo
deem va Id kheer kardan; ^
o*f\J-*l3 P u vapeesh kardan.
Trap, As tileh.
Trappings, j]^ yerdk.
Travel, i\, j^jj^ safar raftan.
Traveller, ^sL-« musafrr.
Tray, ,J~» seenee ; <**♦«* mujma'a.
Tread, D., #*} U p« zadan.
Treason, oJ^i- khidnat.
Treasure, Sganj.
Treasurer, jUjjUa. khezunehddr.
Treasury, ti\j&. khezdneh.
Treaty, a-U J^c 'ahd ndmeh ; (con=
vention), .ita ^ kerdr dad.
VOCABULAET.
209
Treble, JjU« a-> seh mukabil.
Tree, o*,^ darakht.
Trellis, s*J> nurdeh.
Tremble, o^-j) laTzeedan.
Trench, JJ^. khunduk.
Trial, ^W^ imtihdn ; ytjUj) azmd-
yesh.
Triangle, aIjS^j- seh goosheh.
Tribe, ik^> tdyefeh.
Tribulation, ,lj1 azdr.
Tribunal, a*£=* mahkemeh.
Tribute, p\> baj.
Trick, aLa. heeleh ; i^Z, sheeveh ; (to
play a trick), ,jOj ty-A> sheeveh zadan.
Trifle, s., Jj*. juz'ee.
Trifle, v., ^pTg^ harzeh guftan.
Trim, »j a ^==»b pdkeezeh.
Trip, v., ^-ij Jj topuk zadan; ^ j~
^j sar i sum raftan.
Tripod, ajUa-j sehpdyeh.
Triumpb, ^fat'h; (triumphal arch),
OpoJ jlL tdk-i-nosrat.
Troop, sjjfgerooh; ^cl^. jemd' at.
Troops, J^ leshker.
Trot, s., 4+jj> yoortmeh.
Trot, v., ^j <u-y_ yoortmeh raftan.
Trouble, s., o-»*j zahmat.
210
VOCABULARY.
Trouble, v., & &\a o-*-*j zahmat
dddan.
Trousers, j\^2> shalwdr.
Trowel, aJL mdleh.
Truce, cV muhlet.
True, \z*Jj rast.
Truly, SfljaJl^ filhakeekat ; \z&t&*
liakeekatan.
Trunk (of a tree), &3 tanah ; (bos),
^Jj- yakhddn.
Trust, s., ^laxcl itikad.
Trust, v., c ^ib jlwl itikdd ddshtan.
Truth, (JJ-o sidle,
Try, v., *f~ \£*\ imtihdn kardan.
Tube, iljl looleh.
Tuck, v., &&f&ai clieen kardan.
Tuft, ax> buteh.
Tulip, aJV Z«te7i,.
Tumble, v., ^ksl uftddan.
Tumult, 4*l£ui hengdmeh.
Tune, eUftl dhang.
Turban, <ul»c emdmeh.
Turbid, ±^>\^ gilalood.
Turf, cr *». chaman.
Turk, (^L^ Osmdni.
Turn, v., ^Juil-sy gerddneedan.
Turnip, **1^ sliulghum.
Turpentine, ja- _/»_>?• johar sekkez.
VOCABULARY.
ZIL
dodafa'eh.
Turquoise, *)3j# firoozeh.
Turtle-dove, ^ kumri.
Tweezers, J&+ munkash.
Twice, jVjji doMr; **i*j*
Twin, JSj.5 doghuli.
Twine,~s.,^" Mtmeh.
Twine, ,;., d */ u^ P™ chesh kar '
dan.
Twist, «., o^ pe«cfcflfida»;
. j^s4 b«7iuw peecheedan.
Tyrant, ^ vaUm.
Tyranny, -& zuliw.
^
U.
zishtee.
Ugliness, j^>j
Ugly, o^j a*«W«
Ulcer, f-j zakhm.
Ultimate,^ dkher.
Umbrella,^ chatr.
Umpire, cJl> salts.
Unanimous, Jfc* mutafik.
Unawares, Uic ghijlatan.
Unbecoming, «~i^ ndsMyiiteH.
Unbounded, J^ be«fcu<l; oiW
bee nehdyat.
Uncertain, fJ J«.U iwma'aloom.
^
212
VOCABTJLAEY.
Uncharitable, Jj>do tangdil.
Uncivil, l_>.}1 ^ bee it dab.
Uncle (paternal), y>* 'amoo ; (mater-
nal), _}!-- khilloo.
Unclean, dUl3 napdk; y-as nejess.
Uncomfortable, co.1; 14 bee ruhat.
Uncommon, ^-15 nadir.
Unconcerned, <£ j. bee-gham.
Uncurable, ^s. ^ la ilaj.
Undeceive, v., _)«>;jl o3/- 8 ^-^ J^ ^z
ishtibah beroon awardan.
Undeniable, -*--> ^ bee shubheh.
Under,^ij zeer.
Undermine,^., ^^fs^Ju nukb kardan.
Understand, v., &•*-•& fahmeedan ;
^jvi JU. Julli shudan.
Undertake,!;.^ JjTj-al ikdam kardan.
Undeserved, j£~*ji* gheir i musta-
hak.
Undesigned, 5_/3 JU. khial neker-
deh.
Undesirable, !j-» U wa sez#.
Undetermined, s^> nukrah.
Undisciplined, jjii g free nuzm.
Uneasiness, u-il^Sa-vl izterab.
Uneasy, c^k-u muzterib.
Unequal, j^»» l3 nd hamvdr.
Unequivocal, -^-i. _j bee shubheh.
VOCABULARY.
213
Unerring', U»» i_j bee khetd.
Unexampled, Jiu <_} missl.
Unexpected,
A+3jZo jfS-
gheir-i-mutara-
kabeh.
Unfailing, *»1j day em.
Unfavourable, j*\~* \i nd musaid.
Unfeigned, JL**- hakeekee.
Unfinished, ^ U %a tamam.
Unfit, c_— iU«l3 ndmundsib.
Unfold, v., o^/jV b«2 kardan.
Unforseeu, sj&su^ glieir-i-munta-
zereh.
Unforgotten, »J^ yi^./ammoos/i
ne shudeh.
Unfortunate, o.3?Jo bttd bukht.
Unfruitful, J-»'^ bee hdssel.
Ungenerous, j^^l,^ doorazdoostee.
Ungentlemanly, ajM <j beeddabuneh.
Ungovernable, ,_£^-» sarkash ; y-<x^i
tundkhoo.
Ungraceful, <-Sj ^ bee tarkeeb.
Ungracious, oUJl g bee iltifdt.
Ungrateful, Jj* isUJ neniek behardm.
Unhappy, a.-...-^*. J^ dii shekesteh ;
eki' J^ cZti tangr.
Unhealthy, plL, Is nd sdlim.
Uniform, adj., /j> herd-bar.
Uniform, s.,,**-, u-U leb«ss russmi.
214
VOCABULARY.
Unimportant, c5U»! ^ hee itilu.
Uninformed, ^ <j, bee khabar.
Unintelligent, Jac y bee tiki.
Unintelligible, .j#u j± gheir-i-maf-
Jioom.
Unintentional, 1^~> sahvan.
Uninterested, j>/- <_j bee gharaz.
"J <&*
bedooni
Uninvited, «J.
va'adeh.
Union, «>U1 itilidd.
United, J^» mutahid.
Unity, L ^=*J^i yekdnegee.
Universal, ^y** emoomee.
Universe, y\&.jehdn; ^jJfgeetee.
Unjust, jp-k ndhak.
Unjustifiable, L-o beepd.
Unkind, o^* tj bee mohubut.
Unlawful, sji> ^J"^. kheldji shure.
Unlike, J»l_j- ^ nd movdfik.
Unlimited, J^ ^ bee hud.
Unloose, v., ^Js\> baz karden.
Unmanagable, J^> sarkash.
Unmanly, ii\*j» \i nd marddneh.
Hi
Unmarried, z>js* majurrud.
Unmeaning, ( J3u <ji bee ma'anee.
Unmerciful, **, ^j bee rah'm.
Unnamed, sj^o'o _^j _»,l ^ bee ism
o rasm nandmideh.
VOCABULARY.
215
Unnatural, ( j^> j^- gheir i tabee-i.
Unnecessary, *p U ndlazeem.
Unneighbourly, ^j*** <-*^ Tcheldf
hamjavaree.
Unobstructed, *JL% beta mane*.
Unoffending, ~U haleem.
Unowned, c-o-U ^ bee sahib.
Unperceived, *J-U o«Ju multqfat
ne shudeh.
Unpleasant (personage), JJ o^^»
goosht tulkh.
Unpolite, v-jI ^ free adab.
Unprejudiced, <-i>J* ^j bee taraf.
Unpretending, U>Xi ^ bee takleef.
Unprincipled, oi^ ^j bee hakeekat.
Unprofitable, «JoU ^ bee fdyedeh.
Unpropitious, ^^ nahss.
Unprotected, ^^ bee Kami.
Unproved, oj^^-c gheir -i-sabit.
Unquestionable, ^J,^^L> bela-hurf ;
dLi.}lj bela-shuk.
Unreasonable, *-?j-o j-*-* gheir- i-
movajeh.
Unreceived, sjJLi J^J kabool i\e
s hud eh.
Unresisted. See Unobstructed.
Unrestrained, \uA\ jlU. mutlak el
enun.
216
TOCABULAET.
Unrevenged, jJJ^j ^"ki taldfi ne
shudeh.
Unrighteous, ^.J^ beedeen.
Unripe, »Ju-y ne-reseedeh.
Unsafe, ^1 li nd dmn.
Unsatisfactory, s^u> j-p gheir i
matboo\
Unseasonable, *3y> ^ bee mo'ke'.
Unskilled, a^- ^j bee serishteh.
Unsound, j^\ ^j bee itibdr.
Unsociable, ^*^=J.i ^j bee dilgarmee.
Unspeakable, { J^=*> nugufbanee.
Unspecified, . . j— » j-^ ghair-i-
mo'ayen.
Unsteady, xlc, ra'asheh.
Unsubdued, j£~* j-** gheir i mo-
sakhar.
Unsuccessful,^? ^U^c gheir i moasser.
Unsuitable, .u-^li U nd shayesteh.
Unsupported, U j> bee pd ; <sL^» { j
bee komek.
Untasted, sJ^-i^. b nd chesheedeh.
Unthinking, JJ^ bee fikr ; JLsj? bee
khidl.
Untie, v., o^j^- baz kardan.
Until, b' td.
Untimely, uw»j*j bee vakt.
Untouched, isj o— .i dust ne zadeh.
VOCABULARY.
217
Untrained, -iw ^ bee ta'aleem.
Untried, 5«xl> ^ja tajrubeh ne shu-
deh.
Untrue, ja. 13 nd hale.
Unusual, »J^l£ t-J^U. kheld.fi kd'adeh.
Unwashed, ax~«£> U nd shusteh.
Unwilling, ^\j U nd rdzi.
Unwise, ^b U ii« daw.
Unworthy, Jsr**-* U na mustahak.
Upbraid, v., *f J^j j- sar zanesh
kardan.
Uphold, v., i>\inz+>.yotu'kveeatdadan.
Upon,^ bar ; VU bald.
Upright, e~- j rust.
Uproar, Jls j J-5 fceeZ o HL
Upside-down, j>.j\j~> sar a zeer.
Urge, v., z>f j\j*\ isrdr kardan.
Urgent, jji^i zaroor.
Usage, sJfiU' kd'adeh.
Use, JUa^-1 isWrnal.
Used, J »»-•»« musta'mil.
Useful, >M- mufeed.
Useless, »J^'i ^ bee fayedeh.
Usual, J_y»«- ma'amool.
Usury, \>j riba.
Utensil, <-Jj& zarf; oVI dldt.
218
VOCABULABY.
Utility, sJok fdyedeh.
Utterly, LW tamdman.
V.
Vacancy, ojk. Ichilvat.
Vacant, ^U. khdli.
Vagabond, (jitjl obdsh.
Vague, ..&- rnobhim.
Vain (in), u~-^ •ij* khud parast.
Vainly, sJoU ^ beta fdyedeh; »Ji'«s ^
bee fdyedeh.
Valet, i^y* (_£!/ ferrash i khelvat.
Valiant, sis 1 slmjd'.
Valid, ^s-> saheehh.
Valley, »;»> derreh.
Valuable, o^i kaimati.
Value (put price on), ^., c ,j/"
ka'imat Jcardan.
Vanguard, ^-i. ui~-£ peesh khaymeh.
Vanish, v., ^J^> Aya* rnafkood shu-
dan.
Vanquish, v., ^J'^ fat'h Tcardan ;
£&]& c^— ^3. shekest dddan.
Variable, ^\j t-J^bi.1 ikhtildf-i-rd ee.
Variety, v., ys»ljjf ' goonagoon.
Vault, jlk tdk.
Vaunt, v., gdj i-iV laf zadan.
Veal, £\~t^yz~Z>^gooshl-i-gosaleh.
VOCABULAET.
219
Vegetable, ,jjf* subzee.
Veil, ^>3j rooband.
Vein, <3j rag.
Vellum, >»! o-# poost-i-ahoo.
Velocity, ^J^ tundee ; ^>V sura'at.
Velvet, J-*i" makhmal.
Venerate, v., &ato p* muUirim
dashtan.
Veneration, fSf*-\ ihtirdm.
Vengeance, J"^ telafi.
Venison, J& ci/ goosht-i- shikar.
Venture, «., d ^jW jessdrat fear-
daw.
Venturous, j^~* jassoor.
Venus, «y»j zuhreh.
Verbal, Jl>j zebawee.
Verbose, r ^J> tool-i-keldm.
Verdigris, j&j zengfar.
Verification, j^ tahkeek.
Verily, s^^ /*•' hakeekat.
Verjuice, *,jfc v^ db % ghooreh.
Vermillion, ^J^ shunjurf.
Vernal, ^W behari.
Verse,^*i> shi'ir.
Very,j^~> bisyar.
Vessel, i*> zwrf; (ship), j^Skeshti.
Viands, el^y. khorak.
Vice, ^ir" sherdrat.
220
YOCABULAEY.
Vicegerent, {:J ^ U. jd nesheen.
Vicinity, ^t^J nazdeekee.
Victim, ^j> korban.
Victor, L_Jli ghdlib.
Victory, ^p faith.
Victuals, d\,y» khoorak.
View, v., ^Jo^ deedan; ^J*> nazar
kardan ; sfs& nig ah kardan.
View, s.,j\oj nazar.
Vigilance, ^Li^j, hosTi/ydri.
Vigorous, ^5 kavee ; &+j}j zoor-
rnund.
Vile, ^4-J kabeeh.
Vilify,!'., ^^S'j.lijo badndm kardan.
Village, »^ deh.
Villager, J> ] *>* dehdtee.
Villain, jal^L*. haramzadeh.
Villainous, e)l^ ndpdk.
Vindicate, o^j^ 9 «^» hemdyat
kardan.
Vindictive, ^^f keenehv er .
Vine, ^» mo.
Vinegar, £j~> serkeh.
Violate, &*f j<^ tejavuz kardan;
^^yoiiJ mtfes kardan.
Violence, ^ zoor.
Violet, iikj benefsheh.
Viper, ig^jca^L mar-i-ja'aferi.
VOC ABU LAKY.
221
Virgin, tjS»\i baker eh.
Virtually, UgJ*. hakeekatan.
Virtue, y* honur.
Virtuous, jj^/a honurmund.
Virulence, <^«^> shiddut.
Virulent, cjj^>Ij bashiddut.
Vision, Jaj nuzur.
Visit, s., ols^L muldkat ; *>_z
deedan ; ^>j\j zidrat.
Visit, v., ^j^» cjIs^L* mulakdt
kardan.
Vitriol, J\j zdj.
Vivacious, yJ>J> firz.
Vizier, j>.)^ vazeer.
Vocabulary, o*! loghat.
Vogue, -Ajj ravdj ; (in), v^ bab.
Voice, 1j-> sedd ; jljl dwdz.
Void, adj., ^JU. khdli.
Void, v., ^^T JIjU o«£^ Jcardan.
Volcano, a lii (jtj'l »jS" kooh i dtesh
feshdn.
Volley, isUi sheleek.
Volume, ^xla. jild.
Voluntary, jy? tji* klxud bekhud.
Volunteer, aJL j ^ do talabeh.
Vomit, v., &*/&> ,_/ bay kardan;
uj^T'jKas-.l istifrdgh kardan.
222
VOCABULARY.
Vouch, v., gjdlj o^l^-i. shehddat
dadan.
Vow, s., jjj nuzr.
Vow, v., ^sjfjSj nuzr kardan.
Voyage, ^-i safar ; lSjIj^ bdzdri.
Vulgar, J.jt JU m«Z i awdm.
Vulture, j^i-*^ Idshkhur.
W.
Wafer, t^~»i l *^ surchusp kha-
meeri.
Wag, ~y^ shookh.
Wager, jj^gero.
Wages, t— ^-\_y° movdjib.
Wail, v., ^.^Talli ndleh kardan.
Waggish, ±yU shookh.
Waggon, J^\i barkash.
Waist, jSkam&r.
Wait, v., ^i>f j~o subr kardan.
Wake, v., &*j\j~> beedar shudan.
Walk, v., ^j »^Uj piddeh raftan.
Walkingstick o-»^ y^ clwob-i-
dust; L»t 'asd.
Wall, j\y_s deevdr.
Wallflower, y t-~i shub-boo.
Walnut, j^girdao.
Wander, r., oi/^" ^^j^ 9 9^ r desh
kardan.
Want, v., ^^-^j* khdstan.
VOCABULARY.
Want, s., jt»ly- Tchahish.
War, eU=. jung.
Wardrobe, a^^j* doldbcheh.
Ware, y-^. jmss.
Warm, ^gwrw; (climate) , > *-
gfitrm seer.
Warm, v., ^/f^ wm kardan '
Warmth, ^fgurmee.
Warn, v., o«^^ kliabar dadan.
Warrant, J^-» sanad.
Wart, Jjlj zeZooZ ,• J«£j vig&*
Wary, tW^ ^->»^» sa/ilb ihtidt.
Was, ^ boocL
Wash, v., .-^—^ shustan.
223
dead), j^A »*r*
Washer (of the
murdeh shoor.
Washerman, y. o», rufc7ii *fto.
Waste, v., c»/ P lr 7tarim fcardan ;
c" 1 kjJB tafreet.
Waste (desert), ^Vri beeahan.
Watch, o*L- sa'at.
Watch (guard), v., c-s/^W 2>«ss-
bani kardan.
Watchman, cV-lj ptfssbatt.
Water, ±A ab ; (running), gig, **>\
ab-i-rowan; ^U ±>\ db-i-jdri ;
(salt), ^ Ml «b-i-s7ioor; (warm),
^ M* ab-i-gurm; (spring of).
224
YOCABTJLAEY.
c_>1 u»*..% cheshmeh-i-db ; (closet),
JL. mdbdl ; u->1 jU-T kenar-i-ab ;
(watering pot), (_pb u*l a& pas7i ;
(barley), j-^ »U md-i-shaeer ;
(to pour out), ^^ k_>1 ftb reekh-
tan; (cresses), ^l»_j»5)U boldhooty ;
(carrier), Lfl— sakka ; (melon),
joljjt^fc hindooaneh.
Wave, --^o mdj.
Wax, ^ moom.
Way, »]; raTi.
Weak, j»j J kam zoor ; oy ^
hoovat ; ^J> t «* zdeef.
Wealth, cJj.j dowlat.
bee
Weapon, o^l «Z«t.
Wear, «., ^J*^ poosheedan.
Wear out, v., ^^T *£ kuhneh Car-
dan.
Weariness, (J £L~ » khastagee; ^fi^^*
mandegee.
Weary, ax—*, khasta.
Weasel, *,^-U mdsooreh.
Weather, 1_>* haw a.
Weave, v., ja\> bdftan.
Web,jy toor.
Wedge, tjfgo-eh ; 156 gdveh.
Weed, ijj* v-ilt 'alaf harzeh.
Week, km, hafteh.
VOCABULABY.
22.')
Weep, v., !>f*fgaryeh kardan.
Weigh, v., s^kasheedan ; &*/oJ3
vuzn kardan ; ±f oV kapdn
kardan.
Weight, ) 3 vuzn.
Welcome (you are), inter., ^.x>\ ,»■
khosh amddeed.
Welfare, yj**-^. behboodee.
Well (cistern), s., »U- chdh.
Well (in health), adj., J>y» khosh ;
(_j>3>- khoob.
Well, adv., ,jij& fcTiosfc ; eti neefc.
Well-bred, vrf* najeeb.
Well done ! ^./l dfareen.
Well-natured, ,3'* u->* fclW«A khulk,
Well-wisher, *lj»j^« khayr khdh.
West, M/«* mughreb.
Wet, adj.,j> tur.
Wet, v., o^jO * wr kardan.
What, **. c/ie7i.
Whatever, **/» harcheh.
Wheat, (.xT'^aiidooHi.
Wheel, £/* churkh.
When, J'kay.
Whence, V ;1 az fctt/fl.
Whenever, *3^»«y» ha/r vukt i keh.
Where, \*fkuja ; f koo.
Whereas, gj$ choon.
Q
226
VOCABULARY.
Wherefore, I J^3 lehazd ; &$=* a \ jl dz
dnjahat.
Wherever, U? >» hur Tcujd ; t& U. y*
7utr jd-i-keh.
Whet, v., *J si teez kardan.
Whether, \A dyd.
Whetstone, uL sU- sang i sab.
Whey (curds, &c), cj^ ±>\ db-oo-
doogh.
Which, - *\ST kuddm ; (that which),
as:! dncheh ; aSol a?i keh.
Whichever, -1 j5^.» hur kudam.
Whine, v., ^jJU naleedan.
Whirlpool, i->^f girddb.
Whirlwind, jW^I loolehbdd.
Whisper, s., l^si nujvd.
Whisper, v., c pS^ J^^ $ too goosh
guftan.
Whistle, s., o_j-» soot.
Whistle, v., ^.sj ojw soot zadan.
White, »Mw safeed.
White ant, <ul^* mooryaneh.
White-lead, *te <^\jJu, sefeedab-i-
kal'e.
Whiteness, ^jJJ>~t safeedee.
Whither, \J kujd.
Who, £kee.
Whole, -Uj tamdm; \-~s- ^ bee 'ayb.
VOCABTJLAET.
227
Wholesome^L sazegdr ; ^\jndfe'.
Wholly, UUj tamdmdn.
Whom, \j^keerd; (to), a£ bekee.
Whosoever, S'jt liar Jceh.
Why, 1^ chird ; a* ^ berai die ;
i*. l#£ bejaheti die.
Wick, J~9 fateel.
Wicked, Jo bad ; jj/. sheroor.
Wickedness, ojl/i sherdrat.
Wicker, o^-» sabat.
Wide, u^ 'areez ; Wj pahnd.
Widen, r., :>fj».f- 'areez hardan.
Widow, s_)jo beeveh.
Width, J\iy pahnaee; J>j- arz.
Wife, c ) zun ; *+j) zdjeh.
Wild, J^-s vafishee.
Wile, dLa. heeleli.
Wilful, l5^^- Tchudra'ee.
Will, s., •>!,« murdd; (testament),
xe\> ^~<>) vaseeat ndmeh.
Will, v., er - '^ khastan.
Willing, ^\j razee ; (volens nolens),
sly: s)y£ bekhdh nekhah; (God will-
ing), Jjk 1 ^. 1 J* khodd bekhdhad ;
dill *l£3l insJia' allah.
Willingness, ooU, rezayat.
Willow, Ju-> beed.
228
VOCABTTLAEY.
Win, v., ±j> burdan.
Wind, s., ^U bad.
Wind, v., oJ^i peecheedan ; (a
watch), ^6jTkook kardan.
Windfall, ^b Ijo. khodd dad.
Window, gjM panjareh.
Wine, tjl/j sherdb.
Wing, Jl> bdl; -U* jenahh.
Wink, v., tj **j> j^a. cheshm bar
hum zadan; (wink at, connive),
^ju-ijj *£» cheshm poosheedan ;
$J~ ^j>\+s\ ighmaz Icardan.
Winter, ^Is— j zemestdn.
Wire, *~- seem.
Wisdom,^ytJ. s/ie'oor; jKcafcZ; u&lo
ddnesh.
Wise, J?W Tcdbil ; jy& l> b# s/ie'oor;
jo*£J|.j daneshmund ; Jac t_-*L>
Wisely, aj^jU 'dkelaneh.
Wish, s., (jtikl^i. Tchahesh.
Wish, v., Juwkj^i. Ichdheshmund.
Wit,
£J-
shookh.
With, l» &a.
Withdraw, «., ^^T jl? &#z giriftan ;
(retire), C ^~^J »_-Sc'afca& neshestan.
Wither, v., ^J^ s^ )> pezh murdeh
shudan ; ^J^ii. khiishkeedcm.
VOCABULARY.
229
Within, j* dur;j£>\ andur.
Without, ^ bee; (outside), ^.
beyroon.
Withstand, v., *fJ^*^~>\ istddegee
Icardan.
Witness, J^^> shdhed.
Wolf, tifgurg.
Woman, OJ zun.
Wonder, s., u^ 'ajab.
Wonder, v., s-^" ta'ajub Icardan.
Wood, mj* choob; (firewood), ,»>»
heezoom; a*«* heemeh ; (forest),
J3ca. jungul.
Wool, f^i 'puslim.
Woollen, iJ ~-i pushmee.
Word, aJT kilemeh; U lufz ; (by
word), <**£ ^kilemeh be kilemeh;
(of God), d\ ^kildm ullah; (to
keep one's) ^sib «K> Jy fcol negdh
ddshtan.
Wovk,jVkdr.
Work, «., sfJ(kdr kardan.
Workman, A*e amaleh ; &a fa-'aleh.
World, ejWM^i ^ dUm; ^
dunya.
Worldly, ^jj* dunyavee.
Worm, (.jT kirm.
Wormwood, a *i~i\ afsantine.
230
VOCABULARY.
Worn, u-?^ malbooss ; *<x-£>ji poo-
sheedeh ; (worn out), J**!-* mus-
ta'mil ; LliLiI iskat.
Worship, s., o^l-^ ebadet ; \J^~>y v
perestesh.
Worship, v., &<*~~>jj peresteedan.
Worshipper (of fire), c=~^ ySJ'1 ates/i
~y,
L_)
parast; (of the sun),
a/iab parast.
Worth, cx-5 Icaymat; Ji^l arzesh.
Worthless, o-j j)ust ; oo-S ^ 6ee
kaymat ; j»j» ^-? free khud.
Worthy, jljlj- sezavar ; JjV Zayifc ;
js :u ~* mustahak.
Wound, s., j^j zakhm.
Wound, v., ^^T *ij zakhm kardan.
Wrap, v., ^J^ peecheedan.
Wrapper, asU) lefafeh ; -*=*? bukcheh.
Wrath, t-j—ac ghuzab.
Wreath, s^». chunbareh.
Wrestle, v., ^r \-J^kushti kardan.
Wretch, ^-C- mws&een.
Wring, v., ^^iil dfshurdan.
Wrinkle, (^ cheen.
Wrist, ^o much.
Write, v., &&y nevishtan; *fj*
cr i-i,b markoom ddshtan ; j-ij-£
0&$ tah/re&r kardan.
VOCABTJLAEY.
231
Writing, ^y nevishteh; f, ruk-
kum, ; jtj* tahreer.
Wrong, s. , -& zulm ; ^ nahakk.
Wrong, v. *f ',JJ* zulm kardan.
Wrongfully, j»^i nahakk.
Wrought, <u»l-> sakhteh.
Y.
Yard, s,3 zw'e.
Yawn, s., ^W- khamyazeh.
Yawn, t'., c) a a ir*jW khamyazeh
kesheedan.
Year, JU s«Z.
Yearly, ajUL. salyaneh.
Year (by year), JI-? J^~» sal be sal.
Yellow, s>y } zurd.
Yes, ^ beZZi ; ^? beZZift ; gj|l « r »-
Yesterday, jjji* dierooz.
Yet, Cl am-ma; jQ laykin.
Yoke (for oxen), o«* 3110 fc*.
Yolk (of an egg), **,j zurdeh.
You, U-ii shumd.
Young, tflja. iavort.
Youth, J\j» javuni.
Z.
Zeal, c^i ghayrat;
Zealous, oj-fclj baghayrat.
232
YOCABIILAET.
naseem.
Zephyr, *~~i
Zest, *j* muzzeh.
Zigzag, J*3 ^peeclx valchem.
Zinc, —jj roohh.
Zodiac, -y? s3j\j* doazdeh burj.
Zone, sj>\i dayereh.
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